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lAS^
I ^ jtfrr^::i;^-^Miimii*M
International Polar Expedition.
REPORT
ON THE
Proceedings of the United States Expedition
TO
LADY FRANKLIN BAY, GRINNELL LAND,
BY
ADOLPHUS W. GREELY.
FIRST LIEUTENANT, FIFTH CAVALRY, ACTING SIGNAL OFFirFU *vn
ASSISTANT, COMMANDING THE EXPEDmON ^
VOLUME II.
WASHINGTON:
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE.
J 888.
In the House of Representatives, yuue 17, 1886.
Resolved by the Hmse of Reprcsentativ:s {the Senate concurring). That 4,500 copies, with the necessary
illustrations, be printed of the Report on the Proceedings of the International Polar Expedition to Lady
Franklin Bay, Grinnell Land, by First Lieutenant A. W. Greely, Fifth Cavalry, United States Army, Acting
Signal Officer; 1,250 copies of which shall be for use of the Senate, 2,500 copies for use of House, and 750
copies for distribution by the Signal Office to foreign libraries and Arctic explorers.
(II)
CONTENTS.
(Volume II.)
Scientific appendices.
Page.
120. Natural Histnrv ^M!lmmalU^
ERRATA.
Page 28, between lines j and 6, insert heading, " HYPOTHETICAL LIST".
Page 28, line 6, "Urinator adamsii (Gray). Colymbus torquatus var. adamsn. Great Northern Dner
should read "Urinator imber (Gunn.) [=Colymbus torquatus.]". , • ,, u , , ,h " Mnn.lt\
Page 29 (in table), after " No. 2, Cepphus mandtii ", the English name " Dovek.e" should read Man.U s
''""C'3-mi?;(i: iable), after " No. 3. Cepphus mandtii". the English name " Dovekie " should read
"Mandt's Guillemot or Sea Pigeon".
Page so, line .8, and in Index, " Clione papillionacea" should be "Chone pap.honacea .
Page I S9, in list of stations, " Florberg " should be " Floeberg ".
Page 170, line 6, " marked " should be " masked ".
Page 170, line 10, "L H. Lefroy" should be "J. H. Lefroy".
Paee 174, line 16, "cracked" should be "cached". .. , ., . ■, »
Page ^69; the headings "Meters per second" and "Miles per hour ". under " Mean da.ly velor.ty "
in last two columns, should be transposed. 00 ,,
Page 639, line 33, for " September 12, 188 " read " September la, 1881 .
Page 686, last line,>r « 1887 " read " 1888 ". .
- JO.
39-
40.
41.
4*.
43-
44-68.
69.
70.
71-
7*-
73-
74.
75-
100
uiurnai oaromeier fluctuations at various Arctic stations 169
Departures (by months) from mean annual pressure at Fort Conger 171
Maxima and minima pressures 171
Daily barometric ranges, l88i-'83 172
Maxima and minima daily barometric ranges, 1881-83 - '7*
Greatest hourly and daily barometric changes, i8'"i-'83 173
Hourly temperature observations, August, 1 881, to August, 1883 174
Daily mean temperatures, August 5, 1 881, to August 8, 1883 226
Hourly mean temperatures by months, August, 1 881, to July, 1883 228
Mean temperatures by decades, 1875-76, 1881-83 229
Mean monthly temperatures for Arctic stations north of Keiiiietly Channel 230
Mean monthly temperatures for Arctic stations near Littleton Island 230
Mean monthly ranges of temperature, 1875-76, i88l-'83 232
Mean daily rangCF of temperature, 1881-83 232
(III)
I !
CONTENTS.
(VOLUMK II.)
Scientific appendices.
Page.
139. Natural History (Mammalia) 1
130. Botany - — •!
131. Ornithology - — — - '9
13a. Medusx -.- 39
133. Euhinodermata, Vermes, Crustacea, and Pteropod Mollusca 47
133a. Trout caught in Lake Alexandra .- SS
134. Mollusca .- 57
135. Astronomical observations 59
136. Hydrography 78
137. Sound experiments — 79
138. Meteorology -. 91
138a. Meteors 453
138^. Authorities on Arctic meteorology 455
139. Magnetic reductions by U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey 475
139a. Magnetic reductions, 1881-82 633
140. Tidal observations reduced by U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey 637
141. Pendulum observations reduced by U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey 701
Index to Vol. II 730
METEOROLOGICAL TABLES.
I-J. Hourly readings of aneroid barometer, August to December, 1881 96
6-30. Hourly readings of mercurial barometer, August, 1881, to August, 1883 106
31. Mean daily barometer, August 8, 1881, to August 8, 1883 . 152
32. Mean hourly barometer by months, August, l88i,to include July, 1883 154
33. Mean barometer by decades, 1875-76, 1881-83 -- - 156
34. Mean monthly pressure at various Arctic stations 159
35. Mean monthly pressure at Fort Conger, 1875-76, 1881-83 166
36. Mean hourly barometer at Fort Conger for 601 days, and 216 days without the sun 167
37. Mean hourly barometer at Fort Conger for each month of the year in departures 168
38. Diurnal barometer fluctuations at various Arctic stations 169
39. Departures (by months) from mean annual pressure at Fort Conger 171
40. Maxima and minima pressures .. 171
41. Daily barometric ranges, 1881-83 172
42. Maxima and minima daily barometric ranges, 1881-83 172
43. Greatest hourly and daily barometric changes, 1881-83 -- • - 173
44-68. Hourly temperature observations, August, 1881, to August, 1883 _ 174
69. Daily mean ter.iperatures, August 5, 1881, to August 8, 1883 226
70. Hourly mean temperatures by months, August, 1881, to July, 1883 _ 228
71. Mean temperatures by decades, 1875-76, 1881-83 _ 229
72. Mean monthly temperatures for Arctic stations north of Kennedy Channel 230
73. Mean monthly temperatures for Arctic stations near Littleton Island 230
74. Mean monthly ranges of temperature, l875-'76, i88l-'83 232
75. Mean daily ranges of temperature, 1881-83 233
(III)
If
CONTENTS.
Pag*-
76. Maxima, minima, and absolute temperature ranges, i875-'76, iSSl-'Rj 23}
77. Diurnal amplitude of tcm|)eraturc8 at various Arctic stations 234
78. Mean diurnal fluctuations of temperature for each month, etc 235
79. f lourly tem|K-rature changes of 9°, i88l-'83 — 236
80. Hours of zero weather, freezing mercury, etc 238
81-104. Moisture of the air by months, August, 1881, to July, 1883. 238
105-128. Wind velocity by months, August, 1881, to July, 1883 ' 258
129. Comparative wind velocities at and near Kort Conger 307
130. High winds, i88l-'83 308
131. Frequency and velocity of winds by months, i88i-'83 309
132. Winds of various velocities, 1881-83 310
133. Hourly and monthly wind resultants, i88i-'83, and storms at Fort Conger 312
134-157. Clouds and rainfall, August, 1881, to July, 1883 318
158. Evaporation of ice and water 366
159. Mean cloudiness by months, i88i-'83 367
160. Hoursof rain, snow, etc., 1875-76, i88i-'83 368
161. Rain and melted snow by months, 1881-83 - - 3^9
162. Precipitation b) hoarfrost, 1881-82 370
163. Mean daily evaporation, i88i-'82 371
164. Solar and terre.strial radiation observations, i88i-'83 372
165. Differences between maximum black bulb thermometer and ordinary maximum, i88i-'83 374
166. Differences between radiating minimum thermometer and ordinary minimum, i88l-'83 375
167. Means and extremes of maximum solar black bulb, 1881-83 376
168. Means and extremes of minimum terrestrial observations, l88l-'83 378
169. Monthly means sea temperatures and ice measurements, i88i-'83 381
170. Monthly means sea temperatures at high and low water, i882-'83 382
171. Sea temperatures and ice measurements, i88l-'83 383
172. Sea temjieratures at high and low water, i882-'83 385
173. Kre(|uency of auroras, i88i-'83 386
174. Pressure, temperature, and humidity, St. Johns to Lady Franklin Bay, 1881 402
175. Wind, weather, and rainfall, St. Johns to I.ady Franklin Bay, 1881 404
176. Temperature of the sea, St. Johns to I-ady Franklin Bay, 1881 406
177. Barometer observations. Fort Conger to Camp Clay, 1883 408
178. Temperature observations. Fort Conger to Camp Clay, 1883 410
179. Wind, weather, tides, etc., Fort Conger to Camp Clay, 1883 412
180. Barometer observations at Camp Clay, October, 1883, to May, 1 884 422
181. Temperature observations at Camp Clay, October, 1883,10 June, 1884 426
182. Wind, weather, etc., at Camp Clay, October, 1883, to June, 1884 433
183. Daily means of atmosplieric pressure, August I, 1883, to May, 1884 437
184. Daily means of temperature of air, August, 1883,10 June, 1884... 438
185. Comparative anemometer readings at Dutch Island and Fort Conger 439
186. Field meteorological observations „ 441
METEOROLOGICAL CHARTS.
1,2. Area of high monthly pressure over Northern Hemisphere 157
3.4. Area of low monthly pressure over Northern Hemisphere 157
5. Annual fluctuation of pressure at Fort Conger 166
6. Diurnal fluctuation of pressure at Fort Conger 167
7. Diurnal fluctuation at various Arctic stations, j»»/«//(?«««j . 169
8. Diurnal fluctuation at various Arctic stations, /oca/ /ime 170
9. Annual fluctuation of temperature of air at Fort Conger . 231
10. Annual inequality in diurnal amplitude of temperature 233
11. Mean diurnal fluctuation of temperature, i88i-'83 236
12. Annual fluctuation in wind's direction, i88i-'83 314
13. Diun il fluctuation in wind's direction, 1 88l-'83 314
14. Comparative departures of mean temperatures and cloudiness, l88i-'83 367
15, 16. Simultaneous weather charts, March 8 and 9, 1883 317
17. Annual curves of solar and terrestrial radiation, 1881-83 377
I'
CONTENTS.
TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM.
Introduction - --
Observations for local time at Fort Conner, Crinnell Land „
Observations and resiill for latitude of Fort Conger
Observations for a/inuith of mat;netic mark
Determination of longitude of I'ort longer — by clironometers
Determination of longitude of I'ort Conger — by moon culminations
l)eterniination of longitude of Fort Conger— by occu'lations
Determination of longitude of Fort Conger— by lunar distances —
Resulting longitude of Fort Conger .. — .
Observations and results of the magnetic declination, September, 1881, to August, 1882
Solar-diurnal variation from lirst year's series . .
Observations and results of hourly series of declinations, July, 1882, to August, 1883
Recognition ami analysis of the disturbances in ileclination
Solar-diurnal variation of the declination derived from the hourly series of the second year.
Discussion of the larger disturbance;! in declinati<m
Term-day observations of the declination
Term-hour observations of the declination
Special term observations
Measure of the horizontal comp<ment of the magnetic force
Observations of deflections - -
Observations of oscillations
Results for liori/ontal intensity..
Observations of the magnetic dip .
Hourly series of the dip, October, 1882, to June, 1883
Results for dip, vertical and total intensity
Record and description of auroral displays
Collection of magnetic declinations observed during geographical explorations _
General collection of magnetic observations in the region of approaches to and north of Smith's Sound.
Declination of the magnetic needle at Fort Conger, September 17, 1881, to June 22, 1882 ,
479
4«3
486
4«9
492
495
502
503
504
508
Sio
S««
539
55a
555
S6i
575
S8i
586
59°
598
610
611
614
628
628
629
630
<'J4
MAGNETIC CHARTS.
Face paf^e.
Diurnal variation of the magnetic declination at Fort Conger, September, 1881, to September, 1882 . 510
Solar-diurnal variation of the magnetic declination at Fort Conger, August, 1882, to August, 1883 554
Relative frequency of disturbances in declination at Fort Conger, August, 1882, to August, 1883 .. _ 560
Term-day observations at Fort Conger. Magnetic declination East. Plates I, II, III, IV . To follow page 635
Term-hour observations at Fort Conger. Magnetic declination East. Plates V, VI To follow page 635
TIDAL OBSERVATION^.
Introductory
Record of hourly observations
Record of observed high and low waters, computed lunitidal intervals, etc .
The semimensual inequality .
Age of the tide at Fort Conger
Effect of changes in lunar parallax upon the semimensual inecpiality
EfTect of changes in lunar declination upon the semimensual ine<|uality
Investigation of the diurnal inequality
The half-tide level
Effect upon the half-tide level of variations in barometric pressure
EfTect upon the half-tide level of variations in the wind
Tidal observations at subsidiary stations
Tidal observations during the retreat southward
Harmonic analysis of the lirst year's olwervations ..
Origin of the tides in Lady Franklin Bay and the adjacent waters
Page.
637
641
65 1
674
677
677
679
682
692
692
693
694
695
696
697
TIDE CHARTS AND ILLUSTRATIONS. .
Gauge No. II (In text) first figure.. 638
Gauge No. Ill — IV and VI the same ___ (In text) second figure.. 638
High-water cotidal hours in west Greenland seas ...Face page 698
VI
(CONTENTS.
Apprijximatc coiiilal lines ._ ...,.- — F»cc ixige 700
Separation of the iliurnal and seniidiuriiul wavci . .. I'late I, face ]>a(je 700
K|)<)ch nnil amplitude of the diurnal wave I'ig. I, I'Inte II, face \iagc 701)
Semimensual inequality in lime Fig. 3, Plate II, face |>age 700
Semimeniual incijuallty in licight .Fig. 3, I'late II, face page 700
ri'NDL'IX'M OBSERVATION.^.
P«lie.
Report by Professor Peirce 701-714
Connection of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey with the iwndulum uhxervations made at Fort Conger, and
assignment of ossiMant C. S. I'circc to the charge of the pendulum work 701
Description of |wndulum and account of pre|)aratory and of corres|>onding work at Washington, D. C, before
starting 701
Instructions for swinging the pendulum at the northern station 702
Account of corrcs|X)nding ohscrvation.s made at Washington, I). C, after the return of the party 702
Supposed loss of ma.ss of the pendulum during the interval and ditTicultics encountered in the reduction of the ob-
servations 702
Coefficient of expansion of pendulum tul>c 703
Observations for the decrement of arc of .swings at Fort Conger 703
Calculations connected with the reduction for arc 706
Results of swings at Fort Conger after interchange of knife-edges 711
Oliscrvati(ms lor flexure of piers at Fort Conger . 712
Comparison of lengths of pendulum and Meter No. 49 und with Meter B 713
Summary of observations with the pendulum made at Washington in i884-'8s 714
Comparison of results from observations made at Washington and at Fort Conger and final results 714
Memorandum on preceding statements by the officer commanding the expedition 715
Supplementary re|)ort by Professor Farquhar - 7 1 6-729
Vindication of author against certain charges made in preceding report and presentation of his <lissecting conclu-
sions, together with further explanations 716
Reference to probable cause of failure of observations of pendulum at Wa.shington in 1881 716
Explanatory remarks respecting supposed loss of weight of iiendulum between 1881 and 1887, and effect on results
for changes in the correction for temperature 717
Computation of time from transit observations at Fort Conger in l88i-'82 720
Table of inclination of axis for each star. 722
Table of values used for azimuthal deviation, for collimation, and for rate of chronometer 723
Adopted correction and rate of four chronometers 724
Arcs of swings of pendulum at Fort Conger 725
Correction for arc 728
Measures for center of mass of pendulum 729
PENDULUM CHARTS.
Diagram, showing the errors of five chronometers after applying uniform rates, also the value of the azimuth, during
observations for gravity, at Fort Conger, Grinnell I.and, January, i88j . ..
Face page.
724
ILL tJSX RATIONS.
(Engraved by the Moss Engraving Comjrany from photographs and sketches.)
Medusae, rrobably Nauphnnta folarh. Plate I. (From a sketch by Sergeant Gardiner)
Echinodermata, Vermes, Crustacea, and Itero|)od MoIIusca. Plates 1 1 and III. ( From sketches by Sergeant Gardiner)
Trout caught in Lake Alexandra, 8 miles Irora Fort Conger. (From photograph by Sergeant Rice) 55
(VII)""
Pace page.
40
S3
I
\
NATURAL IIISTORV (MAMMALIA).
Appendix laq.
By LiEUTKNANi- A. \V. Greely.
;>
CARNIVORA.
No. I. [/rsus maritimus (Linn.). (Polar IJoar.)
Examples of the polar bear are rare in Smith Sound north of Cape Sabine. Feildcn, however, is i^roba-
bly mistaken in his own opinion that the white bear at the present day never enters the polar basin throiigli
Robeson Chanml. Hayes saw traeks near Cape Frazer May u, i86i. One was killed April 3, 187^, near
Bessels Bay, antl an old cranium w.is found by Markham in 1876, in the vicinity of Floeberg Beach. Fresh
bear tracks were observed at Cape Hayes, August, 1875. In 1876 Archer saw tracks near Cape Lupton,
March 29; and Coppinger May 12 in Newman Bay and May 28 in Beterinann Fiord, ami traces were also
seen, May 23, near Cape Beechey.
In the spring of 1882, a bear traveling southward along the Clrinnell Land coast <listurbc(l our (ache in
Wrangel Bay, and in the following May two of them visited Sergeant Linn's party at Boat Camp, in Newman
Bay. On October 2, 1882, a bear visited Fort Conger several times, but was not secured, althougli he was
seen and pursued until he took to open water in Lady Franklin Bay. Lieutenant Lockwood, in May, 1882,
noticed bear tracks (going northc.ist) on the north coast of Greenland, near Cape Benet, in 83° 03' N.,
the highest latitude in which the animal has ever been known. Previously the most northern specimen was
obtained by Parry north of Spitzbergen, in 82° 24' N., July 14, 1827. Fresh bear tracks were seen in Sep-
tember and October, 1883, near Cape Sabine, coming from and returning in the direction of Bache Island,
and again in March and April, 1884. One specimen, weighing 450 pounds, was secured April 12, and a
second one chased May 19, 1884. The one killed July, 1881, near Cape York, weighed about 700 pounds.
Captain Lyon mentions the bear killed July 21, 1821, weighing over 1,600 pounds, as very large; it nieas-
ured from snout to insertion of tail 8 feet 9 inches [2.666'"]. Richardson mentions one 9 feet [2.743"']
long and 4.5 feet [1.371'"] high. Lamont mentions one in Nova Zembla 8 feet [2.43S"'] long, 4.5 feet
['•37'"'] h'Jjh at the shoulders, which weighed at least 1,600 pounds, 400 being fat. With Feilden, I cannot
understand why the bear '^ver leaves the rich hunting-fields of the " North Water" for the desolate shores to
the northward. "In the stomach of a bear shot in Stor Fiord (Spitzbergen)," says Nordenskiiild, "during the
expedition of 1864, there was found nothing but earth mixed with remains of plants." Nonlenskiiild has
elsewhere pointed out that the bear is at times a herbivorous animal, but vegetation and animal life are ecjually
scanty to the northward from Cape Sabine.
Note.— No claim for originality of arrangement or great merit is made for these notes, wliicli are simply sucli as might 1)0
expected from the observation and considerations of natural history matten by an observer untrained in such matters. It is to
be regretted that there was no skilled naturalist with the expedition to collect and prepare satisfactorily data as to tlie habits and
peculiarities of Arctic animals, but it is hoped that these notes may not be entirely devoid of interest to either laynun or scientists.
Whatever is not the result of oliservation by the members of the Lady Franklin Expedition, or my own opinion, is so designated
it is hoped as to be clearly apiiarent.
1
i»
THE LADY FRA.NKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Sergeant Elison /elated that the two bears which visited the Boat Camp party May, 1882, in T.'ewman
Bay, slid down a steep snow slope for some distance on their hind quarters, as if for amusement. It seems
that Nordenskiold had observed similar behavior of the bear on North East Land in 1868. He says: "A
polar bear was tracked, but made his escape, sliding down a steep slope of snow on his hind ([uarters, a mode
of locomotion the animal seems to fancy."
The bear killed July, 1881, south of Cape York, nas feeding on a young seal, and it is probable that
the bear in Robeson Channel have moderate success, for a bearded seal killed May 27, 1882, had lost a flip-
per, evidently by a bear.
The bear meat eaten at Camp Clay gave no trouble to any one, but we avoided the use of the liver,
which was used for shrimp bait. Our Eskimo shared the prevailing opinion that the liver is injurious. On
this point Sir J. C. Ross says:
" All that partook of it [bear meat] soon after complained of a violent headache, which with some * * was followed by
the skill peeling off. * * On a former occasion, * * Sir Edward Tarry's Polar Journey, having lived for several days
wholly on two bears that were shot, the skin peeled off the feet, legs, and arms of many. It was then attributed rather to the
quantity than the quality of the meat. The Eskimos eat its flesh, ♦ * but the liver is always given to the dogs, and that may
jiossibly bo the noxious part."
No. 2. Viilpcs lagpptts (Linn.). (Arctic Fox.)
The Arctic fox is to be found in considerable numbers in the northern part of Grinnell Land, though
only eight were obtained by us. He is much more wary and cunning than his brethren of the same species
a few degrees of latitude to the south. It was very rare that a hunter could get within gunshot, and poi-
soned meat was so carefully rejected that, despite frequent baits, only one was obtained in that manner.
The activity of the fox in that region can hardly be questioned, as the animal or his fresh tracks have
been recorded every month except February. He frequents the northernmost parts of Greenland and
Grinnell Land. Lieutenant Aldrich, R. N., saw fox tracks near Ward Hunt Island, 83° 03' N., and Lieu-
tenant Lockwood observed numerous tracks at his farthest north on the Greenland coast, 83° 24' N.
No summer specimen with even a bluish tinge was seen. April 7, 1882, a specimen obtained was
white, except tip of tail. August 9, 1882, a specimen was observed at Cape Baird; a dirty white, with
streaks of yellowish brown. October 31, 1882, a fox was seen on Bellot Island, with dirty yellowish-white
fur. Jens trapped a fox November 19, 1882, which was pure white, except a few hairs on the end of the
tail. A sjjecimen caught a couple of weeks earlier had a faint yellowish tinge to his coat.
Their fur had a down-like appearance next the skin, and the odor of those in captivity was very faint
and not especially disagreeable. One of the specimens was killed after a couple of months, as he was
intractable, flew into a rage when approached, and could not be handled without biting seriously. I con-
cluded him to be an old animal. The younger fox was easily tamed, but whenever taken up would try his
teeth, though very gently, until assured of kind treatment. When caressed he gave out a purring sound,
somewhat like a cat, which we thought to be a sign of pleasure.
Both animals were very cleanly and never were caught asleep, though for months an observer passed
twice each hour through the place where they were confined. ^Vhenever they received food they endeav-
ored to conceal it, never eating it at once.
The young fox was made a pet, and was fed great quantities of food. He broke his chain, and dig-
ging into the snow wall cached his extra food there, and then declined further communication. He finally
escaped in April, 1883, selecting a time doubtless when the dogs were asleep.
Feilden proved conclusively that this fox caches supplies for winter food. He says of a fox lair:
" To our surjirise we discovered numerous deposits of dead lemmings ; in one hidden nook, under a rock, wc pulled out a
heap of over fifty. We disturbed numerous caches of twenty and thirty, • » » a small quantity of earth being pl.iced over
them. In one hollow we found the greater part of a hare hidden away. The wings of young brent geese were also lying alxiut;
* • * they must li;ive been the results of successful frays of prior seasons, and * * • consecjuently the foxes occupy
the same abodes from year to year. » * * Professor Newton had already suggested • * » that it laid up a store of pro-
visions, and I was much pleased by thus beiniy able to prove his tlieory correct."
Near Cape Sabine, in i883-'84, we killed twenty-five foxes, of which five were of the white variety.
They were obtained every month from October to February inclusive.
No. 3. Vulpes lugopus fuliginosiis (Blue or Sooty Fox.)
There has been much dispute as to the identity of the blue fox as a separate species, but I have ven-
tured to class it apart from tiie white variety and give it the designation used by Sir John Richardson, the
famous Arctic naturalist.
'•55»
'V 1
t
1
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
8
Dr. R. Brown also says in the Arctic Manual : " There are two varieties — the blue and the white. This
color is not dependent on the season." The last statement our experiences seem to confirm. Of twenty-
five foxes obtained by us at and near Cape Sabine from October to February, twenty were blue. Of the
twenty, two were slightly marked with white, indicating a mixed breed, but the eighteen were free from any
sign or mark of white, yellow, or reddish, the hairs being of the same color to their very roots. The color
was hardly blue, but rather a solifl, unmixed slaty-gray, resembling very nearly the color of a pure Maltese
cat, being perhaps a couple of sh.ades deeper, toward the black. If the color was dependent on the season,
the white foxes would have been caught in late winter, but three of the five white ones were caught in
October, November, and December.
The hair of the white variety was, as Hayes has said, coarser tlian that of the blue, and occasionally
yellowish hairs were found even in December. The skin of the white fox, as I observed, was not so tender
as that of the blue. Tlie hunters could tell a blue fox from a white one in the dark by its weight, the blue
being invariably smaller than the white fox, and possibly the softness of the fur had some influence in the
judgment; but no error was ever made in the twenty foxes which were shot in the darkness. The specimen-s
at Sabine averaged three and a half pounds for the blue, and a pound more for the white variety.
Hayes at Port Foulke noted that the blue fox is smaller, weighing 4.5 pounds against 7 pounds for a
large white specimen. It should be noted, however, that Sir James C. Ross, in Felix Boothia, found the blue
variety — of which only three were obtained against fifty of pure white — to measure somewhat larger than the
white variety. Perhaps these were selected foxes under the doctrine of the survival of the fittest, for Ross
adds; "In a country which presents an unvaried white surface they [the blue foxesj must have extreme
difficulty in surprising their prey, and be much more exposed to the persecutions of its enemies." Farther
north, witb less snow, their chances are better. It may be added, too, that Ross kept a pair of white foxes
to watch the change of fur, which turned to brown through an ash, and not to blue.
Lamont appears to believe in two varieties, as he says there are eight blua to two white in Spitzbergen,
but two blue to eight white in Nova Zembla.
Armstrong noted that on May 15, 185 1, at Princess Royal Island, the white fox had partially assumed
his brown summer garb.
In his "Siberia in Asia" Seebohm says of the Arctic fox:
■' The Siberian merchants in Yenesaisk, as well as the Hudson Bay merchants in London, maintain the distinctness of the
two forms, and attempt to prove their statements by producing both summer and winter skins of each. A (xissible explanation is
that, hke the stoat, tlie Arctic fox changes the color of its fur with the season throughout the greater part of its ranj-. • but
towards the northern limit of its distribution the summers are so short that it is not worth while for it to turn dark, whilst to. ards
the southern limit of its range snow does not lie long enough on the ground to make the whiteness of the fur protective. My
impression is, however, that the blue fox is a variety of the Arctic fox, bearing somewhat the same relation to the latter form as
the black fox does to the red fox. It is difficult to explain otherwise the facts that skins of blue fox are obtained very far north,
and those obtained in winter have very glossy, long, and thick hair."
The facts here presented show that north as far south as the seventieth parallel the blue fox is found,
while at Cape Baird, in 81° 32' N., the white fox became a dirty white, streaked with yellow and brown.
No. 4. Ca/iis lupus. (Wolf.)
The wolf or his fresh tracks have been seen, or his howling heard, in Grinnell Land every winter month
except November. One was seen October 30, 1882, and another February 10, 1882. They were twice
heard howling near Dutch Island in December, and tracks were observed January 29, 1882. In Boothia
Felix a wolf was seen December 30, 1829.
The wolf has never been known in Greenland, except two examples. One of these was observed at
Thank God Harbor April i, 1872. Tracks a few days old had been previously seen in that locality Febru-
ary 4, 1872. The most northerly specimen known is undoubtedly the animal whose tracks were observed,
April 15, 1876, by Markham, near Cape Joseph Henry, 82" 50' N.
A band of eighteen crossed the harbor-floe within several hundred yards of Fort Conger September 15,
1881. In the summer of 1883 a band of about a dozen was seen passing near the station. They stopped
for a while and howled dismally and in concert, but discreetly remained out of gunshot.
The Eskimo dogs whenever wolves were near exhibited signs of uneasiness if not of timidity, much the
same as did those of Ross in Boothia Felix, who began to tremble and howl whenever they became aware
of a wdlPs approach.
'I
THE LADY FTIANKLI!? BAY EXPEDITION.
11 >
No. 5. Mustehi enninca (Linn.). (Ermine.)
The ermine was obtained by Feilden as far north as 82* 30'. Its activity throughout the winter is
un(loubte<l, as tracks were seen as early as February 19, 1876, at Floeberg Beach, and at Fort Conger as
late as December 22, 1882. One wintered in our pile of commissary stores, and its tracks were seen
occasionally until March 3, 1883, when it was shot. Its coat at that time was in winter fur, as had been a
specimen shot on September 29, 1882. It was entirely white except the end of the tail and a few of the
anterior whiskers, which were black. One would infer from this that the animal does not assume a summer
coat in Grinnell Land, but a beautiful specimen in summer costume was seen by me near Distant Cape June
25, 1883. The greater part of the tail was then brownish black, the upper portion of the body chocolate or
dark brown, with occasional black hairs, the whole giving an imjiression of chestnut. A portion of the
animal, particularly the belly and the posterior part of the tail, was of a bright primrose-yellow tinge. The
animal was on a ledge of rocks not more than ten or twelve feet [3 or 3.65'"] distant. It showed no signs
of fear, and while I was observing it closely watched me and gave utterance to shrill, chattering cries, which
seemed to indicate curiosity rather than fear. Unfortunately I was unarmed, and coulil not obtain it.
Fcilden has pointed out that the limits of the ermine, in (Ireenland and (irinnell Land, correspond with
those of the lemming on which it feeds.
On August 31, 1853, an ermine in summer dress was observed in Northumberland Sound, 76° 52' N.
In IJoothia Felix the ermine, Ross says, "assumes its winter dress early in September, and changes to
brown towards the end of May."
Seebohm says that this animal is white in cold climes, except the tip of its tail. " In cold winters it
regularly assumes its white dress in Scotland and in Englanil, as far south as the Derbyshire moors."
RODENTIA.
No. 6. Myodes torqnatm (Pall.). (Hudson Bay Lemming.)
Major Fcilden has pointed out that the ringed lemming was found in great numbers in Grinnell Land
to its extreme northern jjoint, in latitude 83° N., and to the extreme western point reached by Aldrich.
This lemming was first noted in Smith Sound by Dr. Bessels, in 187 1. It had previously been found
by Captain Scoresby, in 1822, on the eastern coast of Greenland.
The opinion put forward by Feilden, that the migration to the east coast was around the northern
shores of Greenland, is further confirmed by the observations of Lieutenant Lockwood, who found traces of
this little animal on the north coast of Greenland as far as he went, to 83° 24' N., 40° 46' W,, and a specimen
was obtained at Mary Murray Island, 83" 19' N.
Sir John Ross found, during Parry's femarkable boat journey of 1827, on a floe sixty miles north of
Spitzbergen, a skeleton of this species, which probably came from the Greenland coast.
The marked tendency of the lemming to wander in all directions is incidentally the strongest proof that
the inland ice, of which the great Humboldt glacier is an offshoot, extends nearly across Greenland in that
latitude, as Nordenskicild found it to do five hundred miles farther to the south. This is evidenced by the
fact that, although for over sixty years a habitant of North Greenland, this lemming was not found by Kane»
Hayes, or Bessels, who successively have exjilored the Greenland coast from Cape York to Humboldt
Glacier, and it is unknown to the "Arctic Highlanders."
The certainty of its being a regular habitant in Grinnell Land, and not migratory, is beyond doubt.
Tracks were seen at Floeberg Beach as early as February ii, 1876, and fourteen days later one was caught
i.i its winter coat. Frequent tracks of the lemming were seen at intervals by us at Fort Conger (Discovery
Harbor) during the entire winter of i88i-'82.
The first lemming was caught March 23, 1882. Its fur was tipped with white, which gave it a peculiar
pepper-and-salt appearance. One caught at Floeberg Beach, May 22, 1876, was however in its summer
clothing of dark fur. Captain Lyon, in speaking of a lemming of mouse color at Winter Island, June 25,
1822, says that all seen at Melville Island, 1819-20, were white.
For some unknown cause, comparatively few were seen in the vicinity of Discovery Harbor from 1881 to
1883. Murdock reports that at Point Barrow they were very rare i88i-'82, but abundant in 1883.
I
THE LADV 1-KANKLIN BAY^ EXPEDITION. 5
Feilden has shown that the extraordinary development of the claws of the forefeet is seasonal, and
that in late summer the claws are pointed and worn down to ordinary size. Our observations confirm his
statement that the animal does not hibernate, and that it principally feeds on the buds of the Saxi/raga
oppositifolia.
Many comfortable nests made by the lemming were found by us, being invariably of grass. Such of
their holes as I examined had two entrances to their nests, the openings being at a considerable distance
apart so that the animal could use either in case of danger.
Sir Edward Belcher reports that peat gathered on the shores of Wellington Channel, when thawed in
his cabin, was found to be "composed, to a depth of nine inches [228.6"""], almost entirely of the remains of
lemmings. • • • The history of the lemming is of itself • • • oneof great interest, and the allusions
to 'armies' of these field mice must be extended even to these regions, for nothing short of such myriads
could have produced beds of exuvia; nine inches [228.6"""] in thickness. They are still numerous here."
No. 7. L'pus g/acinlis [h^a.ch). (Polar Hare.)
The English Expedition of 1875 found the polar hare at the northern extremity of Grinnell Land, and
on May 17, 1876, its footprints were seen by Markham on the frozen polar sea, in 83° 10' N., fully ten
miles from land. Lieutenant Lockwood killed a hare on the North Greenland coast at Cape Henet, about
83" 03' N., the most northerly specimen ever obtained. Tracks were seen at Mary Murray Island, 83° 19'
N., and at Lockwood Island, 83° 24' N.
At Fiocberg Beach hare tracks were seen February 11, 1876, and a specimen shot eight days later.
Tracks were seen by us as early as February 6, and as late as December 22, 1882 — strong, if not convincing,
proofs that the animal does not hibernate. We saw several burrows in the snow, which had been tempo-
rarily occupied by hares, resembling that found by Feilden in February, 1876. The earliest hare killed in
the year by us was on February 15, 1882. It weighed eleven pounds, and its fur was pure white except a
few perfectly black hairs at the tip of the ears. The specimen was in exceedingly good condition, showing
that it had experienced no difficulty in obtaining proper food during a winter of unprecedented severity. It
had been feeding on willow and saxifrage buds, similar to the one killed by Dr. Moss, February 19, 1876,
at Floeberg Beach.
I observed carefully the fur of quite a number of examples, both summer and winter, and found it
invariably white in adults not only along the coast, but also in the interior of Grinnell Land. I thought it
possible that the summer coating of the inland hare might resemble the grayish-brown color found in mid-
summer by Captain Sabine in the specimens killed on Melville Island. It is barely possible that the
specimens referred to by Sabine were the young,for a hare caught in Wellington Channel July 21, 1853,
was entirely white except the black tips to the ears. A young hare about two months old, caught in a
valley near Lake Hazen, June, 1882, had mouse-colored (slaty-gray) spots on flanks and breast, and its ears
were tipped with the same color.
The only difference between the white and summer furs in Grinnell Land, as far as I could see, was a
loss in summer of a considerable portion of the fine swan-down fur which underlies the longer coarser hair.
In Boothia Felix, 70° N., the hare however changes the color of his coating yearly, for Ross speaks of
them in summer fur June 10, 1830, and July 21, 1831. In 1829 they were (luite white by October 2, and
in 1832 were still in winter coat June 7. The largest specimen obtained weighed eleven pounds. The
largest killed by the Resolute, March 22, 1853, was ten pounds. It is to be remarked that both of these hares
were killed at the end of the winter, when one naturally expects they would be in poor condition. The
average weight of those obtained in Bank's Land was seven pounds, as Sir Alexander Armstrong records.
Those obtained by H. M. S. Resolute, 1852-53, near Dealy Island, averaged eight pounds.
The difficulty mentioned by Dr. Richardson, of skinning the hare in winter fur without tearing it, was
not experienced by us. The skin pulled off, without particular care, who'e and unbroken.
Ross mentions a young male hare in Boothia Felix which assumed its winter coat in captivity the same
time as the wild ones, and that the ensuing May its winter coat when cast was " replaced by a pure white
fur, from which it is probable that the old males are not subject to the same changes as the females in
summer."
It thus may be possible that the old polar hares do not change the color ot their fur in very high
latitudes and that those referred to by Captain Sabine, at Melville Island, were young.
6
TUB LADY FllANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
RUMINANTIA.
No. 8. Ovibos moscltatm (Zimm.). (Musk-ox.)
A portion of the Barren Lands of British America, the Parry Archipelago, and other lands to the north-
ward of the continent are the only regions now occupied by this interesting species. No traces of the
animal has been found in Southern Greenland, though it abounds in the eastern and northern coasts. The
existence of the musk-ox in Greenland and Grinnell Land, with but little doubt, resulted by migration from
the American continent northward over the adjacent islands and their intervening frozen straits. Scarcely
one of these islands has been visited where the remains of the musk-ox have not been found. At one time
Smith Sound must have been crossed by these animals, as about twenty skulls have been found in Inglefield
Land, north of the seventy-eighth parallel. That the species never reached Danish Greenland is confirmatory
evidence that the island ice, jiart of which flows into Kane Sea, as the Humboldt Glacier, likewise debouches
by discharging glaciers into Melville Bay. To this extent I differ from Feilden, who inclines to the opinion
that the musk-ox reached Inglefield Land southward from Washington Land. Not only the opinion that
there is little more diflSculty in crossing Smith Sound in a favorable spring than Robeson Channel, causes
this belief, but my experience regarding the remains in Grinnell Land. But few skulls were found by me in
the interior; and, with one exception, they failed to show great age, thus indicating a comparatively modem
migration. On the other hand, the remains of musk-oxen, near Humboldt Glacier and Foulke Fiord, show
signs of great age.
Although I found recent traces of musk-oxen within less than thirty miles of the head of Greely Fiord,
yet I agree with Feilden that they followed the east shore of Grinnell Land in their journey northward.
Feilden reports abundant and recent traces of the animals in Alexandra Harbor, Buchanan Strait August,
1875. The dung of the musk-ox was discovered by us at Cape Hawks, Rawlings and Carl Ritter Bays,
and a specimen was killed by Sergeant Brainard, November, 1882, not fiir above the latter b ly Sergeant
Brainard discovered fresh tracks at Thank God Harbor in March, 1882, and Lieutenant Lockwood likewise
at Cape Britannia, 82° 44' N., and at Cape Benet, 83° 03' N., in May, 1882. This not only proves that the
species was not exterminated in Northern Greenland, but renders it very probable that the musk-oxen of
Kokleway originally reached the east coast through Nordenskiold, Victoria, Nares, or possibly Sherard
Osborn Fiord and the connecting valley. Siemens, one of the Polaris crew, wrote :
" The musk-oxen came (in 1872) in a northeasterly direction from East Cretpland. All those lliat were killed were met in
the same vicinity, on a plateau which trended from the north side of Newman Bay, easterly l)etween the mountains."
I have elsewhere referred to my belief that the northern limit of the inland ice is to the south of those
fiords, and that the character of the country is like the interior of Grinnell Land. To the northward repeated
inlets exist, increasing greatly the difficulty of the animals passing around Greenland. I am thoroughly
satisfied of the natural disinclination of the musk-ox to cross the ice, both from observation of our musk-
calves, who could not be driven on it, and from the tracks of adults, which followed carefully in places the
longer, rough, rugged shore of Ruggles River rather than cross snow-covered ice by a shorter route. This
migration to the east coast must have been a modern one, certainly within the present century.
This opinion militates against the necessity of further advancing the idea that " Greenland must end not
far north of latitude 82° or 83°."
As to Grinnell Land, observations show that instead of the range of the musk-ox being confined to the
coast-line and debouching valleys, he is found feeding and wandering in the whole fertile belt between Archer
and Greely Fiords, and from Chandler Fiord to the head of Very Valley.
Feilden has described the ovine character of this species. In addition I might say that when in num-
bers they generally form a circle, with young cows and calves in the center, and that much bellowing and
threatening attitudes followed, but they were never found dangerous.
The musk-ox was found in siuall herds from four to twenty in number. Occasionally one or two
animals only were together, but with rare exceptions these stray animals proved to be bulls which probably
had been driven from large herds.
The senses of smell, sight, and 'learing, which are said to be very acute, could not be accurately judged
by us. It was uncommon that a lierd was not readily a])proached, but such fact would not necessarily
indicate lack of perception, but might easily result from indiflTerence or a sense of perfect security in their
great bulk and strength. On one occasion, after killing several, the hunters had some trouble in keeping
tiie rest of the herd away from the camp.
THE LADY FllANKLlN BAY KXPEUITIOX. 7
My own discoveries settled a number of questions that puzzled Feiiden, and we know that not far from
two hundred musk-oxen are now habitants of (irinnell T-and, fed by abundant vegetation. Willow, saxifrage,
dryas, and grasses form winter as well as summer food. I found large beds of willow that had been fed on
during April, the musk-oxen having broken the crust and scraped off snow to reach it. This was doubtless
a favorite pasture-ground, as plenty of saxifrage and scanty grass was in the same section. 1 observed
musk-oxen scraping the snow from grass, saxifrage, and dryas in early autumn, using hoofs for the purpose.
The animal, as all Arctic mammals must, (juenches its thirst by snow. It was sur|)rising that tlie open river
discovered by me in April, 1882, showed no track of visiting cattle, although we saw many within a few
miles of it. I suppose not less than fifty herds or solitary animals were observed feeding, and none were
ever seen eating lichens. The most fertile lichen grounds showed no signs of the animal. Feiiden found
only willows and grasses in stomachs examined by him. ,
It appears more than probable that the animal ekes out its scanty winter food (which in darkness must
bp gathered under extraordinary disadvantages) by its fat. The rjipidity with which Arctic animals (among
whom the musk-ox is not an exception) acquire fat is well illustrated by the experience of tlie Swedes in
Spitzbergen during 1861. Nordenskiold says: "The Swedes could hardly believe (them) to be the same
species of animals (reindeer) as those they had shot at Treurenberg Bay scarcely four weeks before. Then
they were so lean, as if they had consisted entirely of skin, bone, and sinew; these, on the contrary, might
have competed as fat stock at an English cattle show, for the largest reindeer had a layer of fat four or five
inches (162 or 127"""] thick on the loin."
Ten specimens killed the autumn of 1882 averaged 360 pounds of dressed meat, while two killed the
following spring weighed 260 pounds each, less by far than any of the ten. The largest, which was about
1,200 gross, dressed 432 pounds.
The musky odor, I believe, will not be communicated to the meat if the animal is entirely dressed as
soon as killed. A bull emitting a very marked odor when killed was dressed immediately, and showed no
taint when eaten mouths afterward.
No. 9. Ran^ifer tarandus (Linn.). (Reindeer.)
The reindeer, formerly a habitant of Northern Grinnell Land, evidently retreated southward many years
since.
Lieutenant Gilford, R. N., May 19, 1876, picked up an antler in 82° 45' N., and horns were found at
Thank God Harbor by members of the Polaris Expedition in June, 1872. Probably a dozen antlers were
gathered by us in the vicinity of Fort Conger, and as many more in the interior of Grinnell Land in the
valleys near Lake Hazen, but no traces of a living animal were found. Much to my surprise, I picked up
a reindeer-skin, about an inch square and apparently not very old, m a valley to the westward of Lake
Hazen.
It is more than probable that a herd yet exists in the vicinity of Rawlings Bay. The vegetation of the
country adjacent to that point resembles in a marked degree that around Discovery Harbor, and was the
most luxuriant observed by me north of Upernivik. Feiiden found a reindeer skeleton, recently picked by
wolves, on the shores of Rawlings Bay in the neighborhood of Radmore Harbor, 80° 27' N. Sergeant
Brainard, August, 1883, found, five miles or more north of Cape Lawrence — about 80° 28' N. — a freshly
picked skeleton of a young fawn. Eskimo Christiansen, who was with Brainard, said the animal could not
have been dead more than two years. In Twin Glacier Valley, near Alexandra Harbor, Buchanan Strait,
newly-shed horns were found by Nares in 1875; but the animal is not a regular habitant of that valley, as
was proved by Sergeant Long's fruitless journey to that point in Maich, 1884.
PINNIPEDIA.
"iio. 10. P/iocafivtida {or hispida) {¥dh.). (Fiord Seal.)
This seal is known as the fiord seal, or by the English whalers as the " floe-rat." Our own experiences
bear out Feilden's, who says: " It was the only species seen north of Cape Union, and which penetrates into
the polar sea." There is no doubt of the seal wintering in Robeson Channel, although how the animal
obtains breathing spaces is extremely doubtful, for in all the autumn and spring travel no hole was even seeri
until the early days of Apiil.
8
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
During July and August this seal is very plentiful near Fort Conger, and at least two hundred must
have been observed in all, as many as thirty or forty in a single day near Cape IJaird. This variety was seen
in the "fire-hole" by Stephenson, at Discovery Harbor, several times in January and February, 1876, A
small specimen, weighing 50 pounds, was also killed by us in the water-hole, December, 1882. The seal had
evidently visited the tidal-hole quite regularly. In April, 1883, 1 found near the tidal-crack at Fort Conger a
cylindrical hole about a foot [.3'"] in diameter, which the Eskimo declared to be the breathing hole of one
of this species. The ice at that point was nearly seven feet [about 2'"] thick at the end of the winter. This
species was also killed at an early date near the head of Archer Fiord, and was seen by Lieutenant Lockwood
in Greely Fiord. It was also observed in the polar ocean by Lieutenant Lockwood near Cape Stanton,
April, 1883, and by Dr. Pavy north of Cape Joseph Henry about 82° 54' N., April, 1882. This species was
seen by Parry, in 1827, to the north of Spitzbergcn as far as 82° 45' N. At Princess Royal Island December
28, 1850, a seal was seen in the fire-hole.
No. II. F/toca grcenlandUit (Miill.). (Saddle-back Seal.)
This seal has not been before noted in Smith Sound, except by Ik-ssels, though there is no apparent
reason why its range should not extend in this direction, as it is found in the (Greenland and Kara seas, and
was occasionally seen north of Spitsbergen by Parry in 1827.
The most northern specimen observed by us was shot at, but not secured, 6 miles north of Hans Island,
about 81° 30' N., August 10, 1881. The entire crew of the Proteus were thoroughly familiar with this
variety, and there was no possible chance of mistake in its identity, as the seal was near by and in sight for
a considerable time.
It is evident that this species does not go into Smith Sound in large numbers during its remarkable
migratory absence from its usual haunts, as none were seen at Cape Sabine during our year there.
No. 12. Phoca barbata (Fab.). (Bearded Seal.)
This seal has been previously olitainea in Thank God Harbor and Discovery Bay. The experience of
Bessels and of my own party leave no doubt that it winters in Robeson Channel. One was shot as late as
November 4 in 187 1, and as early as ^larch 18, 1872. A seal-hole was discovered by us near Distant ("ape,
in April, 1883, which had certainly been open for some time. Five were obtained near Distant Cape in
May, 1082; seal-holes were first observed on the 15th of that month, and a seal two days later. The most
northerly specimen seen was near Cape Murchison, about 81° 46' N., at the entrance of St. Patrick Bay.
The largest seal obtained by us weighed 640 pounds, and was eight feet two and a half inches [2.5'"] in
length. One obtained at Thank God Harbor by the Pblaris party was estimated at fifteen hundred weight,
which would seem to be rather large, as seven obtained by us although averaging 7 feet 11 inches [2.412"']
in length weighed but 530 pounds. Feilden mentions a bearded seal weighing 510 pounds, killed m Dobbin
Bay, which had a Greenland harpoon head in the blubber on its back.
No. 13. Tr'uhechus rosmarus (Linn.). (Walrus.) .
The walrus was seen by Nares' expedition i87s-'76, as far north as Cape Frazer, and was obtained in
the vicinity of Norman Lockyer Island. The most northerly specimen observed by us was August, 1883,
about ten miles south of Cape Hawks. The difliculty of killing this animal without lance and line was
illustrated to our misfortune in Baird Inlet during October, 1883. Private Long and Eskimo Christiansen,
from a distance of a few yards, put two bullets into the vital parts of a walrus. Blood poured from the
animal in torrents, but he was able to reach the edge of the floe and roll into the water. A few days later
Private Long killed a walrus in the water, which floated three or four minutes only. Baird Inlet appeared
to be a favorite feeding-ground for these animals.
• In May, 1883, Lieutenant Lockwood and his party saw in open water, near the head of Greely Fiord,
what was thought to be a walrus. Sergeant Brainard and Eskimo Christiansen inclining to the same opinion.
From a distance they were unable to determine positively, although it was examined through the glass.
Private Ellis claimed to have seen a walrus a hundred yards [91""] distant off Distant Cape, 81° 45' N.,
July, 1882. Frequent examples of the walrus were seen between Cape Hawks and Sabine in September,
TUE LADY FKA^IKLIN BAY EXPEDITION. 0
As bearing on the probability of walrus in Greely Fiord it should be remcmbired that walrus in Well-
ington Channel were not uncommon. Admiral Sir George H. Richards saw three on Mardi 23, 1853. At
Exmouth Island 77° 15' N,, less than 200 miles south of Cape Lockwood, two walrus were observed
September 3, 1852.
As to the walrus being carnivorous our observations are defective. Dr. Robert llrown has no doubt
on the subject. Captain Hooper, U. S. R. M., says that Capt. V. K. Nye, the veteran whaler, who was
lost in the Afouiit Wollatton, wrote him that the walrus eat both fish and seal. Captain I)c Long records
that a walrus which was killed by one of the cre\/ of the ycannette in April, 1880, was found by him to
have part of a young seal in his stomach.
No. 14. Cystophora cristata {^i'"^^.). (Bladd.-r-nose Seal.)
A bladder-nose seal was killed by ; s in the middle of Kane Sea, about 79° 10' N., September 20, 1883.
One or two other seals of this species were also seen in about the same place. The animal killed weighed
probably over 600 pounds, as it was in good condition, and measured 8 feet 4^j inches [2.252'"] in length.
CETACEA.
No. 15. Jidliena iiiystuitus (Linn.). (Right or Common Whale.)
Lieutenant Egerton, R. N., found in 1876, a part of the rib of a Greenland whale near Hoebcrg Ueach
in 82° 33' N. A rib was also found August, 18^5, on Norman I.ockyer Island. I'eilden was unwilling to
give an opinion which would account for its jjresence, but is satisfied that no whale at the present day could
inhabit Lincoln Sea.
No Greenland whales were seen by us north of Cajie York. A rib, presumably of a Greenland whale,
was, however, found by Lieutenant Lockwood near the head of Archer J'iord, in August, 1882 ; and Se.-geani
Brainard saw what he thought to be the rib of a whale to the northeast of Cape Sabine, in front of the
glacier where shrimping was done in the winter of 1883-84. Probably, when the land North of Sabine was
of a thousand feet [305°'] lower elevation, and these inland seas correspondingly larger, the Greenland
whale frequented these northern waters.
May II, 1853, bones of a very large whale were found at an elevation of 500 feet [152"'] above the
sea on Princess Royal Island, 76° 44' N., 92° W.
No. 16. Orca ^/tit/ia/or [Bonn,), (Killer or Swori'' '
This grampus, or swordfish, was observed just north of a Lieber, 810 35' N., August 5, i88i, by
the mate of the Proteus, who claimed familiarity with it. It was apparently in pursuit of a school of white
whales.
No. 17. Beluga catodon (Linn.). (White Whale.)
The white whale had not been seen in Smith Sound prior to the example observed by us on August 5,
1881, north of Cape Lieber, about 81° 35' N. There was some question as to the fact, but I saw no rea.son
to doubt the accuracy of the statements of several ot the crew of the Froteus, who knew the animal, the
more particularly so as a school of narwhals was seen at the time, and it has been generally accepted that the
range of the narwhal and the white whale are the same. My own obser\-ations agreed with those generally
of the party, that both narwhals and white whales were seen. Parry, in 1827, saw white whales still farther
north, near the edge of the pack, in 81° 40' N., en the Spitzbergen meridian. A white whale was seen
several miles north of Cape Sabine, April 13, by Eskimo Jens, and a school of them going south. May 9
and 10, 1884, by Sergeant Frederick.
Hayes records that there were great numbers of white whales in schools August, 1861, between Gale
Point and Whale Sound. The retreating party under Lieutenant Garlington found a stranded white whale
on the shoals of Pandora Harbor, but a short distance south of Cape Sabine, July, 1884. Dr. McCormick
reports white whales going south in Wellington Channel, 1852. •
No. 18. Mottodon monoceros (Linn.). (Narwhal or Unicorn.)
The narwhal was seen near Cape Sabine in August, 1875. The range of the narwhal to the northward
of Smith Sound undoubtedly depends upon the freedom of Kane Sea' and Kennedy Channel from ice. There
10
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
seems no doubt that at times this animal even reaches the polar sea to the northward of Grinnell Land, as
a horn was picked up near Floeberg Hcach, in 82° 27' N., by Lieutenant Parr. On August 5, 1881, a s( hool
of narwhals was seen by us in Hall Basin to the northward of Cape Lieber, and one of them was stiiK k
with a lance by one of the Eskimo, but escaped. A considerable number of theii were observed on two
occasions later in the same j)lace. They WL-re seei. again during our retreat in August, near Cape Cracroft,
about 8io 20' N., and in September, 1883, off Bache Island. Hayes also saw them August, 1861, between
Gale Point and Whale Sound.
Distribution 0/ Mammalia in, and northward of, Ktiinedy Chantul.
Highest
latitude
reached.
Species.
Common name.
North of 8 1".
Migratory.
Indigenous
and present
all the year.
Remarks.
83° 03'
Ursus maritimut
Vuljies lagopus* ...
Cams lupus
Polar bear
Yes
83° 24'
Arctic fox
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
82° so'
Wolf
82° yof
Mustela emiinea
Myodes torquatus
Lepus glacialis
Ovibos moschatus
Rangifer tarandus
Phoca fcetida
Ermine
83° 24'
Hudson Bay lemming
83° 24'
Polar hare
83° 03'
Musk-ox
Traces at Cape Benit.
Pn)l>ably habitants near Radmore
Harlwr, 80° 27' N. Antlers
found to 82° 45' N.
82° 45'
Reindeer
82" 58'
Floe-rat or Fiord seal
Yes
81° 30'
I'hoca gHL'tilandica
I'hoca barbata
Saddle back seal
Bearded seal ..
Yes
81° 46'
Yes
79° 40^
Trichechus rosmarus ...
Cystophora cristata
Dalxna mysticetus
Orca gladiator
Walrus
(?)
(?)
Probably around Bache Island the
most of the year.
Probably around Bache Island the
most of the year.
Rib found in 82» 33'. Probably
this whale in the present day goes
to about 75° N.
70° is'
Bladder-nose seal
Right whale
81° 3S'
Killer or sword-fish
White w' de
Vest ...
81° 35'
Beluga catodon
Monodon monoceros ...
Vest
81° 35'
Narwhal or unicorn
Vest
* The blue fox, V. lagoput /Hliginottu, nut seen north o{ 78° 55' N.
\ In favorable and exceptiunal years.
BOTANY.
Appendix No. 130.
By Lieut. A. W. Greely.
The botanical collection of the Lady Franklin Day Expedition was made under many disadvantages, as
there was no officer able to identify more than half a dozen species of Arctic |)lants. (Ireat care and attention
was paid by me personally to this v/ork the second year, and as a result over sixty s[)ecimens were brought
back, several of which escaped the observation of the trained naturalist of the British exi)editionof i875-'76.
The specimens brought back have been kindly identified by Professors Asa Gray and S. Watson, of Harvard
University, and Dr. 'George Vasey, of the Agriculiural Department. The appended remarks are drawn
almost entirely from my private journal.
The existence of any vegetiition at so high a latitude, within seven or eight degrees of the geographical
pole, is in a measure surprising, but the luxuriance of growth evidenced by many of the specimens, was a
source of wonderment to all. In the valley of Very River, in the interior of Grinnell Land, grasses from i6
to 24 inches [406 to 609"""] tall were seen by me in consiilerable quantities, and even from the sea-coast
specimens of over twelve inches (305"""] were not infrequent.
The most marked peculiarity of the Grinnell Land plants has not, as far as I am aware, been conmientetl
on. I refer to the unusually early date on which they bloom. On June i, 1882, in latitude 81° 44' N., tlie
purple saxifrage {Saxi/raga oppositifolia) was found in full blossom; and other flowers followed with such
rapidity that by June 21 nearly twenty specimens were in bloom. Careful observation in 1883 proved that
1882 was not more than a couple of days in advance of it, and the scanty observations of the Polaris expe-
dition show that on the east side of Hall Basir. the flora matures with equal rapidity.
The following notes collated from various sources, give an idea of how early a date June i is for the
flowering of Arctic plants. The first flower, unless otherwise noted, was the hardy and almost universal purple
saxifrage (Saxi/raga oppositifolia), Winter Harbor, Melville Island, July 9, 1820 ; north side of Melville Island
nearly a degree farther north, one day earlier, June 8, 1820; Winter Island, 67° 11' N., June 9, 1822; near
Igloolik, 69° 16' N., June 15, 1823; Fort Reliance, 62° 46' N., "only one flower in bloom," July 7, 1834; near
Felix Harbor, 69° 49' N., June 12, 1830; Van Rensselaer Harbor, 78'^ 37' N. (Andromeda), ]\xne 11, 1854;
Assistance Bay, 77" N., June 26, 1854; Mussell Bay, 79° N., June 6, 1827 j June 14, 1873; Treurenberg
Bay, 790 57' N., June 22, 1861; Wahlenberg Bay, 79° 46' N., June 15, 1873; near View Point, Grinnell
Land, 82° 45' N., June 6, 1876; Thank God Harbor, 81° 38' N., June 3, 1872; Cape Szerdze Kamen, 66°
N. {Coc/ilearia fcnestrata),]\xne 23, 1879; Camp Clay, 78° 54' N., May 24, 1884; Sabine Island, East Green-
land, 74° 32' N., June 4, 1870.
The rapid development of flowers in high latitudes in a great measure depends on the fact that the sun
remains continuously above the horizon, and the heat from the sun, which observations show to be so great,
is also continuous at the more northerly stations. Another peculiarity lay in the fact that scarcely any plant
was confined to a special level, but seemed to grow as readily at great heights as near the level of the sea.
Nordenskiold has well said on this point in other Arctic localities : " It is quite remarkable that the vegeta-
11
1»
TIIK LADY FUANKhIN JIAY KXTKIHTION.
tion fliminisihfs (iiiite inconsiilcrably witli the height above the sea, (to that nearly all the plants that grow
near the heath thrive as well at a height of 1,000 feet [610'"]. The continual siiniight and the insignificant
difference in temperature are umlouhleilly the causes of this."
Comments on the elevation, locality, floweriiig, \c., at Fort Conger have been occasionally supple-
mented with data collected from various sources relative to other localities.
FLOWERING TLANTS.
Plants (ullfctfd in the summers of i88a and 1883, by Lieut, A. W. Gree/y ami members 0/ the Luty Franklin
Bay Expedition, in the vicinity of Fort Con^'er, Grinnell Land, situated in lat. 81° 44' iV., long. 64'
No. I. Kauiiiiculus nivalis, R. Hr.; var. sulphureus, W'ahl. In bloom June 17, 1S83; grows from the
sea-level to i.Soo feet [549"'] altitude, on loamy or swanqiy soil; did best among mosses and ferns; the
largest si)ei inien preserved was Cj^ inches [171"""] high, but some were c) inches [229"""].
At Uraiidywine Hay, Spitsbergen, on June 26, 1861. Nordenskiold found this plant very luxuriant, " up
to the knees."
No. 2. Kanumulus afjinis, R. Ur. In bloom June 19, 1883; on moist loamy ground; not found at
a less elevation than 1,800 feet [549"']; specimens about 5 inches [127 ] iiigh.
No. 3. Ihpaver nudicaule, I,. In bud June 12, and in flower June 17, 1883; grew from sea to 1,900
feet [s79"'J altitude ; found on all soils, but did best on hard, dry, clayey soil ; color of (lower varied from deep
saffron to a yellowish white; in some specimens no color except very faint yellow at very center.
This flower was found by Sergeant Hrainard at l.ockwood Island, 83° 24' N, The specimens brought
back were of good size. Found blooming at an elevation of 1,500 feet [457'"] at IJrandywine liay, Spits-
bergen, July 26, 1861. Captain Markiiam found it in flower June 20, 1879, at Matyushin Shar, Nova
Zembla.
No. 4. Draki alpina, Linn. In flower June 16, 1883. At Winter Island, 67° 1 1' N., in bloom about
June 29, 1822.
No. 5. Draha borealis, D. C. In flower June 16, 1883; 2 to 4 inclies [50 to loi' ] high.
No. 6. Draba hirta, L., Jacip; D. arctica, Vahl. Specimens 2 to 3 inches [50 to 76"""] high.
No. 7. Draba rupestris, R. Br.
No. 8. I'esicana arctica, Richards. In bloom June 13, 1883; found from seacoast to 1,000 feet [305"*]
altitude; grew generally on granitic or stiff clay, doing best on the latter-soil; roots very long and deep;
the largest specimen 4 inches [101"""] high, and spreading 6 or 7 inches [152 or 178"""] wide.
No. 9. Cochlearia ojjicinalis (/')y C.fenestrata, R. Br. From sea-level to 100 feet [30'"] altitude; found
generally along moist shores of brooks; specimens from i to 4 inches [25 to loi"""] high. In flower June
n, 1882. •
On June 11, 1861, in Treurenberg Bay, 790 57' N., C.fencstrala began to open its buds, and was in
bloom June 26. It was in flower at Magdalena Bay one day earlier at an elevation of 2,300 feet [701'"].
This flower was the first to bloom at Pitlekaj, 66° N., the winter quarters of the Vci^a, June 23, 1879.
No. 10. Bray alpina, Sternb. \3iT. };labella ; B. purpurascens, Br.
No. II. Clieit Jhus pygnncus, KAdim^; Ilesperis pygmtcus, Hook. In bloom June 8, 1883; from 50 to
1,000 feet [15 to 305'"] altitude, usually on very rocky soil; all specimens had very long roots, were generally
young, and rarely 2 inches [50"""] high. A few were found with the stem and pods of two years' preceding
growth; one of these was 6 inches [152"""] high. A few peculiar examples were found on very rocky soil,
from 700 to 1,000 feet [213 to J05'"] elevation, which were from 2 to 4 inches [50 to ioi"""J high, on which
* I'uccinia cheiranihi, E. & E. (nov. sp.), were found.
No. 1 2. I\irrya arenicola. Hook. f. (?).
* NoTK. — Puccinia Cheiranthi, Ellis & Kverhart (n. sj).). On Cliciniiilhus pygiiueus, (Iriniiull I..iiul.
III. Sori hemispheric, brown, naked ^ to J/'""" in diameter, thickly scattered over both sides of the leaves, but (in the
specimen examined) not confluent. Spores oblong or clovateoblong, liyht brown, constricted at the septum, 35-53 by l5-22»,
either consisting of two sube(|ual cells, or oftener the upper cell broader and shorter (subglobose), and the lower one tapering
into the stout, rather jjersislent pedicel, which is about as long as, or a little longer than, the spore itself; epispore smooth or
faintly but rather coarsely roughened above, thickened and lacerated at the apex, so as to resemble somewhat the remains of the
calyx on a currant or huckleberry.
TOE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
13
Ko. 13. Eutrfina EJu'iin/sii, R. Rr.
No. 14. Cardamitif pmttptsh, I. inn. Found in mossy soil at about 1,000 feet (305"'] elevation. No
flowers. Kvcn in Spitzbergen two degrees to the south, Nordenskiold says that the Cardaminf praUnsis is
rarely found in flower.
No. 15. Lychnis iipftiila, Linn. In bloom June 30, 1883; from the seacoast to 1,000 feet [305'"] alti-
tude, in rocky soil; the specimens are from i to 5 inches [25 to 127"""! high ; usually i flowered, o<:casionally
with 2 or even 3 flowers.
No. 16. Lychnis triflora, R. Br. With and similar to the preceding, but di<l best on hard, clayey, dry
soil, the culm and leaves more pubescent, the leaves broader and obtuse; mostly 1 flowered, rarely 2 or 3.
No. 17. Sklliirid loiig^pes, var. Edxvardsii, T. and G. In bloom June 14, 1883; from the sea to 1,000
feet [305'"] altitude, on loamy soil and among mosses; 2 to 4 inches [50 to roi"""] high. Nordenskiold
found the S. Edwardsii in flower, under favorable conditions, at an elevation of 1,500 feet [457'"]. June a6,
1861, at Brandy wine bny, Spitzbergen.
No. 18. Ceraslium a/pinum, Linn.; C, lanatiim. In bloom June 6, 1883; from the coast to 800 feet
1246'"! altitude, doing best on loamy soil; the largest specimen 4'^ inches [114 ] high; the peduncles
usually I. rarely 3, Uowercil. This plant was found at Lockwood Island, 83° 24' N. C. alpinutn in flower
at Treurenberg Bay, 790 57' N., the beginning of July, 1861. At Magdalena Bay, Spitzbergen, it was in
bloom, at an elevation of 2,300 feet [701'"], on June 25, 1861.
No. 19. Arenaria vc-na, L'mn., var. hirta, i to 2 inches [25 to 50"'"'] high; 200 to 1,000 feet [60 to
305™] altitude, on rocky soil.
No. 20. Arenaria groenlondica, Spris. (?). Leaves only.
No. 21. Dryas octopetala, var. inte^rifoHa, Ch. and 3chl. In bloom June 16, 1883; from the coast to
1,500 feet [457'"] altitude; the specimens are i to 2 inches [25 to 50"""] high; the leaves mostly entire,
sometimes minutely toothed. The plant was the most common one; beds of acres in extent were found on
loamy soil, especially in the interior of Grinnell Land. Some specimens had 22 petals; both whole-leafcil
and dentated specimens were found. This was among the plants at Lockwood Island, 83" 24' N.
No. 22. Potentilla tiivea, Linn. From the coast to 1,000 feet [305'"] altitude on rorky soil; specimens
from 2 to 5 inches [50 to 127"""] high. ]\ nivea was in bloom at Winter Island, 67° 11' N., about June 29,
1822.
No. 23. Jhtentilla nivea, var. quinaia, Lange.
No. 24. ruteniilla pulchella, R. Br. '
No. 25. Rdcntilhi maculata. Pour.
No. 26. Saxifraga rivufaris, L., var. hyperborea. Hook. Nordenskiold found it opening its buds, May
24, 1873, at J'ussell Bay, but it did not bloom until after Jun« 14.
No. 27. Saxifraga fagfilaris, Willd. In bloom June 19, 1883; from 1,200 to 1,800 feet [366 to 549'"]
altitude, on moist loam or in the beds of brooks; generally but i flowered, rarely 3 flowered.
No. 28. Siixi/raga iricuspidata, Retz. Plentiful at from 800 to 1,900 feet [244 to 579'"] altitude; not
found below 800 feet j244"J; grew best on rocky soil; specimens 2 to 4 inches [50 to ioi"""J high ; generally
I flowered, but occasionally 3 or 4.
No. 29. Saxifraga cernua, Linn. From 200 to 1,800 feet [60 to 244'"] altitude, in beds of moss and
lichens or by the sides of brooks; specimens 3 to 8 inches [76 to 203"""] high. Found in bloom, June 26,
1861, at Treurenberg Bay, 79° 57' N.
No. 30. Saxifraga oppositi/olia, Linn. In bloom June i, 1882, and June 4, 1883; only less common
than dryas; from the coast to 1,900 feet |S79"'] altitude; grew best on loamy soil; flowers 4 to 9 petaled,
varying from faint pink (almost white) to dark purple. This almost universal Arctic plant was found at
Lockwood Island, 83° 24' N. The dates and localities where the S. oppositi/olia was Xhtjirst flower of the
year have been noted above. In addition, Dr. McCormick, R. N., reports that it was the first flower in
bloomatBeechy Island, 74''5'N.,in 1853. He also found it blooming, June 24, i8s2,at Upernivik, 72°47' N.
The astonishing hardiness of this plant was frequently commented on by our party, but the most striking
illustration, paralleled it may be said in our experience, is that given by Feilden, who says: "This plant I
often find in spots bared of snow by the wind, and consequently exposed to the low temperature of fifty and
sixty degrees below zero [—46° and —51° C.]; yet at the extremity of each stalk, inside of the russet-brown
green hair-fringed leaves, a bud is to be found, which even the intensity of the cold fails to wither."
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
No. 31. Saxi/mga niniUs, Linn. In bloom June 23; not very common; found only between 800 and
1,200 feet [244 to 366'"] altitude; grew best in damj), mossy soil; spci imens mostly 2 to 3 inches [50 to 76"""]
high, some found as high as 6 inches [ 15 j ].
No. 32. S(i.\i/rai:;ii ars/<it(>sa, I.inn. At Winter Island, in 1822, I'arry found this plant in flower about
June 27.
No. 33. KpilohlumhitifoUum, Linn. From the coast to 1,200 feet [366'"] altitude; found only on rocky
soil, in the beds of brooks and in spots having southern exjjosure; specimens from 2 to 4 inches [50 to ioi"""J
high ; generally i flower, sometimes 3 or 4.
No. 34. Erii^rron nnifloriis, L. In bloom June 23, 1883; from the sea to 800 feet [244"'! altitude, on
loamy and rocky soil, doing best on the latter and at the greatest elevation; specimens near the sea about
2 inches [5o"'i high, at higher points from 3 to 5 inches [76 to 127"""].
No. 35. rii^eron composilus, var. trifidiis, dray. In bloom June 25, 1883 ; from 100 to 80 feet [30 to
244'"! altitude; specimens from i to 3|'2' inches [25 to 89 J high; generally with a single stem and flower,
occasionally 2 or 3 flowering stems from one root; late in the season flowers sometimes faded to a pinkish
color.
No. 36. Aniiai moiiUina, \..\ Arnica alpina, Olin. From the coast to 1,500 feet [457'" | altitude, in
rocky and clay soil ; grew best on rocky soil ; the specimens near the sea flowered late, and rarely more than
2 inches [50"""! high; the best found about 700 feet 1 213"'! altitude; the largest found were about 6 inches
[152"""] high. Flowered June 27, 1883.
No. 37. TamxacHin o/fiiimi/e, var. pallida, Koch. In bloom in June 1882 and 1883 ; from the coast to
200 feet |6i"'J altitude, on loamy and clay soil; 2 to 4 inches [50 to ioi"""J high; there were two shades of
color, deep yellow and yellowish white.
No. 38. Cassiope ictragoiia, Don. In bloom July 1,1882; very common in the valley adjoining Lake
Hazen, extensive beds having been seen at elevation from 400 to 500 feet [122 to 152"']; it also grew in
considerable (luantities about 100 feet [30'"] above the sea on the south side of Ikllot Island, and flowered
late in June, 1883.
No. 39. Aiidiosacf septciilrioiialis, Linn. In bloom June 22, 1883; from 50 to 500 feet [15 to 152'"]
above the sea, in clay or rocky soil; doing best in the former; specimens from ijj to 3 inches [38 to 76"""]
high.
No. 40. JWiiiilaris riipifaia, Adams. In flower July 8, 1883; from 100 to 700 feet [30 to 2 13'"] latitude,
on loamy sail, with i/nas/ generally but single stem and flower ; occasionally specimens were seen with two
flowers to single f;teni. From three to six inches [76 to 152"""] high.
No. 4t. I'edicularii I.ai\i;sdorffii,va.x, lanata, Gray. In bloom June 22, 1883; from 50 to 100 feet [15
to 30'"] above the sea, in ioamy soil; in company with i/nas.
Nordenskiold speaks of specimens at Magdalena l}ay,June 25, 1861, nearly a foot [305'"'"] high.
No. 42. Oxyria {rfni/onnix. Hook) t/i^!iy//a, Campd. In bloom June 5, 1882, and June 6, 1883; speci-
mens over 7 inches high [178"""] seen in the interior, and over 5 inches [127"""] near the coast; grew best
on clay soil. A very abundant plant.
The O. rciiiformis was found in bloom at Treurenberg Bay, 79° 57' N., June 26, 1861. On July 26,
1861, Nordenskiold speaks of it as " a foot [305"""[ high " at IJrandywinc liay, Spit/bergen. At Winter
Island, 67' 11' N., it was just putting forth its first red leaves on July 10, 1822. Near Assistance Bay,
74* 40' N., it was first seen June 24, 1853.
No. 43. PoIy;^onum vivipani»i, Linn. From 100 to 800 feet [30 to 243'"] altitude; generally in beds or
side of brooks ; in rocky soil.
No. 44. Sa/ix anfiui, I'all. In bloom June 2, 1882, and June 6, 1883 ; from coast to 1,800 feet [549'"]
altitude; the largest specimens on the coast were about i foot [305"""] long, and less than an inch [25,4"""] in
diameter at base of branches ; in the interior of Clrinnell Land specimens i ^ feet [457"""] long, with extreme
diameter oi 1.5 inrlies [38"""], were found.
At Treurenberg Bay, 79° 57' N., S. arctiia began to ojien its buds June 11, 1861, and was in bUxjui
June 26.
No. 45. Luzida liyperlunra, R. Dr., Z. confiisa, Lindb. /-. Inpcrhoira was found in bloom June 25,
1861, at Magdalena Bay, Sijitzbergen, 2,300 feet [7oi"'| above the sea.
No. 46. yiiuciis f'ii^/iimis, Linn. F'ound only in the margins of small ponds from 100 to 8oe feet [30
to 244'"] elevation; largest specimen 5 "4 inches [140"""] high.
THE liADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
15
No. 47. EriopJwrnm ans^ustifoHiim, Roth. In bloom June 29; from 800 to 1,200 feet [24410 366""]
altitude, generally in marshy soil, near mosses, lichens, and grasses; the specimens were from 3 to 8 inches
[76 to 203"'"'] high.
No. 48. Carcx attata, Linn; or ustulata, Wahl. From 600 to 1,200 feet [183 to 366'"] altitude, in
marshy or damp loamy soil; specimens from i to 6 inches [25 to 152"""] high.
No. 49. Carex vulgaris, var. hyperborea, Book. In bloom July 25, in a marshy spot near the sea
specimens from ij^ to 3»^ inches [38 to 89™"'] high.
No. 50. Carcx rupcstris. All.
No. 51. Alij^rw/a j«/^/«rt, Willd.
No. 52. Carex nardina, Fries. •
No. 53. Carcx misandra, R. Br.
No. 54. Alopccurus alpinus, Linn. In bloom June 18, 1883; grew generally on loamy soil; specimens
near the coast i foot [305"""] high; in the interior, on the shores of Lake Hazen, specimens from 12 to 18
inches [305 to 457"""] high were of frequent occurrence.
No. 55. Arctagrostis lati/olia, Grisd. From the coast to 800 feet [244""] altitude; in loamy soil near
the sea, and in marshy soil at greater elevation; specimens from 5 to 6 inches [127 to 152'""'] high.
No. 56. Deschampsia brevi/olia, R. Br.; — Aira arctica, Spr. Specimens from 2 to 4 inches [50 to 101"""]
high. Probably not the Aira arctica of Rothrock's " Flora of Alaska," nor the Aira aespitosa, var. arctica, of
Thurber in " Parry's Plants," &c.
No. 57. Trisctum subspicatiun, var. inoUe^ Gray. From the coast to 800 feet [244"'] altitude, varying
much according to location ; the finest specimens about 7 inches [178"""] high in rocky soil at geatest ele-
vation.
No. 58. Poa arctica, R. Br.; 2 to 5 inches [50 to 127"'"] high.
No. 59. Poa cenisia. All.
No. 60. Poa abbrei'iata, Br.
No. 61. Poa a/pi/ia, L\nn.; \a.r. vivipara.
No. 62. Poa ceesia, Sm. var.
No. 63. Poa laxa, Hoenke. Specimens 3 to 8 inches [76 to 203"""] high.
No. 64. Festuca rubra, Linn. Specimens 3 to 5 inches [76 to 127"""] high.
No. 65. Agropyruin dasystachynm, var. violtuettin, Horum. Specimens 2 to 7 inches [50 to 178'""'] high.
No. 66. Cystopteris fragilis, Bernh. From near the coast to 1,300 feet [396'"] altitude; specimens from
3 to 6 inches [76 to 152"""] high on rocky soil.
This fern was found by Feilden at Cape Sabine, 250 feet [76"] above the sea, July 31, 1875.
The C. fragilis, near Cross Bay, is the first known fern from Spitzbergen, Nordenskiold says.
No. 67. Equisetum variegatum, Schl. From 50 to loo feet [15 to 30'"] altitude, on clay and loamy soil,
doing better on latter; specimens infertile, from i to 6 inches [25 to 152"""] high.
No. 68. Equisetum arvense, Linn. Similar in habit to the preceding; specimens smaller (i to 3 inches
[25 to 76"""] high), infertile.
No. 69. Diapctisia lapponica, N.
MOSSES AND LICHENS.
By Rev. E. Lehnert and Lieut. A. W. Greelv.
The collection of mosses and lichens made by the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition was a large and im-
portant one, and its necessary abandonment is greatly to be regretted.
First Lieut. F. F. Kislingbury employed his leisure tmie during the summers of 1882 and 1883 in making,
in the vicinity of Fort Conger, a collection of lichens, in which was embraced every possible species he
could distinguish. He had no training for such work, but experience has shown that an intelligent man,
with good powers of observation, can do creditable work in a comparatively unknown field.
If any officer connected with the expedition had possessed sufficient botanical knowledge, the light and
portable character of lichens and mosses would have enabled us to have brought back specimens of all
important or doubtful species. The mosses and lichens pertaining to the Government collection were care-
fully packed and boxed ready for shipment, and were left in that condition. Those brought back belonged
to my private collection, and comprised part of my personal baggage.
1
16
TOE LADY PRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Unless otherwise set forth, the lichens and mosses were collected by mc personally, and were carefully
prepared for permanent preservation by Sergeant Joseph Elison.
The lichens and mosses from the highest point were, with one exception, brought back in the personal
baggage of Sergeant I). I,. Rrainard, who collected them.
The identification of these specimens has been very kindly made by the Rev. E. Lehnert, of Washington,
D. C, to whose courtesy and knowledge I am much indebted in this respect.
If not otherwise stated, the collections are from the immediate vicinity of Fort Conger, latitude 8i°44'
N., longitude 64° 45' W. ■
lilciitijication and iucompaiiyiiig notes, by Rau E. Lehnert.
No. I. Campylopii5flcxuosHS,W\i\. .From Grcely Fiord. Latitude, 80° 48' 39" N.; longitude, 78° 28'
VV. Sergeant Brainard, collector.
No. 2. Distkhium cappillaccm, Bruch. and Schimp. Grinnell Land.
[All the plants from Grinnell Land were collected by Lieut. A. W. Greely himself. They had been
well preserved, showed fine colors, and rather luxuriant growth. Unhapjjily only three species of them
were fruiting, and conclusive determination was thus rendered difficult and in some cases impo.ssible.]
No. 3. Barbuhi alpiiia, Br. Sch. From Lock wood Island, Cireenland. Latitude, 83° 24' N.; longi-
tude, 40° 46' W. Sergeant Brainard, collector.
No. 4. JVcbcra sphagniiola,Sc\\\m\^. {?). From Lockwood Island, Greenlanil. Latitude, 83° 24' N.;
longitude, 40° 46' W.
No. 5. IFebera acuminata, Schini}). Grinnell Land.
No. 6. Jl'ibera cnuUi, Schimp. Grinnell Land.
No. 7. Wibcta longicolla, Hedw. Grinnell Land.
No. 8. Biyum piirpurasccns, Br. and Sch. orinnell Land.
No. g. Bryum bmcnil, Br. and Schp. Grinnell Land. (Also collected by Maj. H. \V. Feilden, R.
A., to the northward of the eighty-first parallel, generally in the vicinity of Floeberg Beach, 82° 27' N., and
by Mr. Hart, in the neighborKjod of Discovery Bay, Fort Conger.)
No. 10. Bryum pendulum, Br. and Sch. Grinnell Land. Collected by Mr. Hart also.
No. 11. Bryum du7'ii//ii, Yo'it. Grinnell Land.
No. 12. Bryum turbindtum, Schwucg. Arctic form. Grinnell Land.
No. 13. CincUdium arcticnm, Br. and Sch. Grinnell Land,
No. 14. CincUdium subrotundum, Selbg. Grinnell Land. Mixed with C. arciicum, Br. and Sch.
No. 15. CincUdium s/ygi'- 'I, Swd^riz. Grinnell Land.
No. 16. Aubrccm/iium turgidum, Sch\va.eg. Grinnell Land.
No. 17. Aulacomnium [papillosum, Muell. (?)). Grinnell Land.
No. 18. Tctraplodon mnioidf!, L. Grinnell Land. (Also collected by Mr. Hart in the neighborhood
of Discovery Bay, Fort Conger.)
No, . ). Philonoiisfontana. From Lockwood Island, north coast of Greenland. Latitude, ^3° 24' N.;
longitude, 40° 46' W. Sergeant Brainard, collector. Intermixed with Wcbcra spliagnicola, Schimp. (Also
collected by ^Iaj. H. W. Feilden, R. \., to the northward of the eighty-first parallel, generally in tlie vicinity
of Floeberg Beach, 82° 27' N.)
No. 20. Atrichum {parallclum, Mitl. (?)). Grinnell Land. The incomplete state of the plant does not
admit . 'certainty in identification, although exterior areolation of the leaves, &c., bring this plant closer to
A. paralklum than any other one described. It might still be an undescribed variety of ^. undulatum.
No. 21. Pogoualum alpiiium, Roehl. Grinnell Land. (Also collected by Maj. H. W. Feilden, R. A.,
to the northward of the eighty-first parallel, generally in the vicinity of Floeberg Beach, 82° 27' N.)
No. 22. Pogoiiafum capillarc,'iin(\. Grinnell Land.
No. 23. Potytrichum formosum, Hedw. Grinnell Land.
No. 24. Orthotlucium rufcsccns, Br. and Sch. Grinnell Land.
No. 25. Orthothccium chryseum, Br. and Sch. Grinnell Land. (Also found by Maj. H. W. Feilden,
R. A., to the northward of the eighty-first parallel, generally in the vicinity of Floeberg Beach, 82° 27' N.,
and by Mr. Hart in the neighborhood of Discovery Bay, Fort Conger.)
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
17
No. 26. Orthotheciiim rubellitin, Mitt. (?). From Lockwood Island, north coast of Greenland. Lati-
tude, 83° 24' N. Sergeant Brainard, collector. Only a fragment, covered with mucor and fungi, and there-
fore somewhat questionable, but agrees with the description so far as a comparison was possible. (Also
found by Mr. Hart in the vicinity of Discovery Bay, Fort Conger.)
No. 27. Orthotheciiim {Douglassii, Dubey (?)). Grinnell Land. Sergt. W. S. Jewell, collector. This
vnoss, while coming closest to O. Douglassii, but different from all other specimens in my possession, might
be a new species.
No. 28. Camptothecium nilcns, Schreb. Grinnell Land. (Also collected by Maj. H. W. Feilden, R. A.,
to the northward of the eighty-first parallel, generally in the vicinity of Floeberg Beach, 82° 27' N.)
No. 29. Brachythecium sakhrosum, Hoff., var. Cirinnell Land.
No. 30. Brachythecium plumosum,'S>'^z.xX:L. Grinnell Land.
No. 31. Eiirhyiichiitmvaitchcri,'Lcsg. Grinnell Land. .
No. 32. Amlifystrgiiim minutissimum, Lull. (?) Grinnell Land. Might be .'/. sprucei, as it cannot be
determined by the capsule, which is deficient, still its minuteness and other characteristics indicate the above
species.
No. 33. Harpidiiim {amblystcgium) uiuinatiim, Hedw. Grinnell Land. (Also found by Mr. Hart.)
No. 34. Hiirpidium {amblystegiitm) lycopodioidcs, Schwaeg. Grinnell Land. (.'\lso found by Mr. Hart.)
No. 35. Harpidiiim vcrtiicosiim, Lindb. Grinnell Land.
No. 36. Caliergon sarmentosiim, Wahl. Grinnell Land
No. 37. Calicrgon dilatatum, Wils. Grinnell Land.
No. 38. Caliergon turgescens, Schimp. Grinnell Land.
No. 39. Calicrgon cordifolitim, Hedw. Grinnell Land.
No. 40. Calicrgon Richardsoni, Misten. Grinnell Land. Sergt. W. S. Jewell, collector.
No. 41. Hypnum {stcreodon) plicatile, Mitt. Grinnell Land. Found both by ^L^jor Feilden and Mr.
Hart. The specimen collected by Feilden was at Mushroom Point, barren, adhering to a fragment of
Peltigera.
To Dr. Lehnert's list and remarks I add, in order to complete this paper, the names of the following
specimens found by the British Arctic Expeiiition of 1875-76 to the northward of 81° 40' N.:
By Maj. H. W. Feilden, R. A., Nos. 9, 19, 21, 25, 28, 41.
No. 42. Z?'.v//V///«/// ///c//'/w///w, S. W. Floeberg Beach. With young fruit. (Found also by Mr. Hart.)
No. 43. Pottia hcimii, Hedw. Floeberg Beach. With ri|)e capsules.
No 44. Tortilla {barbnla) icmadophila. Schimper. Floeberg Beach, Barren.
No. 45. Tortilla (zygotrichia) kticostoma, Brown. Mushroom Point, 82° 29' 12" N. With perfect cap-
sules. (Also found by Mr. Hart.)
No. 46. Tortilla {syntrichia) riiralis, Linn. Mushroom Point. A fragment adhering to a piece of
Peltigera.
No. 47. Didymodon riibellus, Rotii. Floeberg Beach. With Brynm brownii; very small and barren.
No. 48. Eucalypta rhabdocarpa, Schw. Floeberg Beach. With young fruit. Mushroom Point. Ad-
hering to a fragment of Peltigera; with capsules passed maturity.
No. 49. Voitia hyperborca, Grev. et Arm. Floeberg Beach. With fruit in several stages.
No. 50. Splachnum wormskioldii, Homem. Hayes Sound, Floeberg Beach, and Mushroom Point.
All fertile. (Found also by Mr. Hart.)
No. 51. Tetraplodon urccolatus, B. and S. Mushroom Point and Port Foulke.
No. 52. Bryum calophylliim, Brown. Floeberg Beach and Payer Harbor. Barren. (Also found by
Mr. Hart.)
No. S3-
Mr. Hart.)
No. S4-
Peltigera from Mushroom Point. All barren.
The following mosses were collected by Mr. Hart: Nos. 9, 10, 18, 25, 33, 34, 41, 42, 45, 50, 52, 53.
No. 55. Orthotrichum speciosum, Nees. Winter-quarters H. M. S. Disco%>ery. Barren.
No. 56. Splachnum rasculosum, L. Musk-ox Bay. Fertile.
No. 57. Bryum arcticutn. Brown. Musk-ox Bay.
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 2
Timmia austriaca, Hedw. Floeberg Beach and Payer Harbor. Barren. (Also found by
Myurella apiculata, Hueb. Floeberg Beach. With Pogonatum alpihum ; and a fragment of
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THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
No. j8. Brachythedum citrhosum, Schw.
tides; barren.
Winters-quarters H. M. S. Discovery. In very small quan-
The following additional species were obtained in 1875 south of 81° 30' N. By Major Feildcn, R. A.:
No. 59. Dtcmncnveisea cuspula, Hedw. Payer IIarl)or, 78° 42' N. Not in fruit.
No. 60. Rhacoinitriuin lanuginosiim, Dill. Payer Harbor. Barren. (Also by Mr. Hart in Hayes
Sound, 78° 52' N.)
i
By Mr. Hart :
No. 61. Lcptobryiim pynforme, Linn. Hayes Sound. With fruit.
No. 62. Amblystcgiiim {Aavccnitium) trifantim. Wet. and M. Hayes Sound. Barren.
Also a Jungermannia Bkpharozia trichophylla, Linn. Hayes Sound.
The following Jungermannia and lichens were also brought back by me, and identified by Dr. Lehnert.
They are from Fort Conger or vicinity, 81' 44' N. :
II. HEPATICiE.
No. I. yungerniannia ventricosa, Dicks. Grinnell Land. ■,
III. Lichens.
No. I,
No. 3.
No. 3.
No.
No.
No.
No.
Intermixed with fragments of C, ctucullata.
Cdmria cuccnllaia, Ach. Grinnell Land.
Cftraria chtysantha. Tuck. Grinnell Land.
Pelligcra aphthosa, Hoff. Grinnell Land.
Placodium ekgans, D. C. Cape Baird, latitude 81° 32' N.
FlacoJiumcrenulafiim,\\a.\\r. Cape Baird, latitude 81° 32' N.
Cladonia rangiferina, Hoff. Grinnell Land and Cape Baird.
Omphalaria (?). A very scanty specimen was brought along, growing upon a rock from the
most northern point reached. Its fragmentary character did not allow any determination. So far as the
microscopical researches could be carried, the plant showed relation to the questionable O. silesiaca, Kbr.,
Lock wood Island 83° 24' N., 40° 46' W. Lieutenant Lockwood, collector.
It thus follows that fifty-eight species of mosses have been found north of latitude 810 30', of which
seven species were found only by Major Feilden, four by Mr. Hart, thirty-one by the Lady Franklin Bay
Expedition (Sergeants Brainard, Jewell, or myself), and sixteen by two or more of these parties.
Of the seven lichens brought back by chance, two possess especial interest. The species of Ompliatana,
{silesiaca, Kbr.) was found adhering to a piece of quartz brought by Lieutenant Lockwood from the highest
land ever attained, 83° 24' N , 40° 46' W.
The specimens of Cladonia rangiferina, Hoff., were found by me as a scanty growth at Cape Baird and
in the vicinity of Fort Conger, at an elevation of about eighteen hundred feet [549'"] above the sea. In the
valleys on the south side of Lake Hazen, in the interior of Grinnell Land, occasional patches of this lichen
were found by me, though always of stunted growth.
The discovery of this lichen in Grinnell Land is of particular interest in connection with the remarks
of Sir JoLjeph D. Hooker, president of the Royal Society, who, in commenting on the paucity of well-
developed lichen specimens from Grinnell Land, says (Nares' "Voyage to the Polar Sea," vol. ii, p. 309):
This is the more remarkable, as it might naturally be expected that such lichens would during the long winter season con-
stitute the principal or only food of the musk-ox that exists in those regions. It is strange that the reindeer-moss {Cladonia rangi-
ferina, IIofT.), so common in other arctic regions, appears to be absent from Grinnell Land.
He further siys:
Many circumstances combine to show that if there be land at the North Pole, lichens will be found there.
While the results of my own observations and experiences render it quite certain that the musk-oxen of
Grinnell Land do not subsist upon the lichens, but on grass, saxifrage, dryas, and willow, yet our experi-
ences bear out fully the scientific deductions of that great botanist as to the theoretical fauna of Grinnell
Land and the country to the northward. This moss, which he expected, was discovered, and the observa-
tions of Lieutenant Lockwood on the highest attained land, in 83° 24' N., prove the existence of considera-
ble vegetation and numerous lichens at that latitude, and inferentially as far northward as Greenland extends.
ORNITHOLOGY.
Appendix No. 131.
By Lieut. A. W. Greely.
It was hoped that the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition would add somewhat to the ornithological infor-
mation of the world and avoid the implied and merited reproach of Professor Newton, when he says, in his
" Notes on Birds which have been found in Greenland : "
" The different American expeditions, judging from what has been published about them, added absolutely nothing [to Arctic
ornithology], a fact particularly to be regretted when we regard the high latitudes they successively reached."
The surgeon of the expedition offered to perform the duties of naturalist (there being no funds for the
employment of any 'Specialist), and during a year's residence in Greenland was afforded opportunities for
familiarizing himself with Arctic ornithology through the collections and kindness of Herr Krarup Smith,
Royal Inspector of North Greenland, and Mr. Fencker, an employe of the Greenland Board of Trade, and
an ardent ornithologist.
As elsewhere explained it became necessary, after twenty month's stay at Fort Conger, in the interest of
the service, to assign the duties of naturalist to another officer, but the surgeon complied with his orders to
furnish his successor with all information in his power — the result of his two years' labors on this subject,
which will be found on pages 299 to 317, vol. I.
Sergeant Joseph Elison, by my orders, acquired at the Smithsonian Institution, through the courtesy of
Professor Baird, considerable knowledge of the methods to be followed in properly preserving skins and
specimens. During the two years at Conger quite a large number of birds were preserved for mounting, the
greater part of the work being done by Sergeant Elison, which specimens, carefully packed and stored, are
yet in our old quarters at that point.
The fact that not a day of spring and summer passed without one or more hunters being in the field,
insured observation and collection of all birds within reach.
Except the half dozen species common to all Greenland ports, it fell to me to identify the birds collected,
which were done from the description— often somewhat vague and general — given in the appendices of various
Arctic works. Two small birds alone remained unidentified, a description of which, wanting in my own notes,
I vainly hoped to find in the scattered notes, which comprised the Naturalist's Journal. My own journal
has had to furnish the entire ornithological data, a fact whicli is unfortunate, as neither personal taste nor
scientific work has over turned my attention to this or kindred subjects.
The main point of ornithological interest rests in an identified egg of the knot ( Tringa canutus) which
was obtained from the bird itself. Unfortunately for ornithologists too much care was taken to assure its
safety, and the egg was packed with other specimens weeks before the retreat by boats and so remains at
Conger. A description noted at the time in my journal is given hi connection with notes on the species.
The egg (which must have been of full size, as itwas covered with a liard shell of ordinary thickness) proves
smaller I understand from Mr. Seebohm than was anticipated, being i.io inch [28"'"'] in its longer and i.o
inch [2S.4o'"'°J in its shorter axis.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
My journal is fortunately quite full as to the dates on which birds were seen or obtained, as my atten-
tion was drawn the first year to the comparatively early date at which birds appeared in that very high
latitude. A comparative table wliich was incompletely arranged at Conger, has been prepared which may
serve a purpose in determining the average dates as well as the approximate limits in Arctic America of
such migratory birds as frequent Smith Sound and Grinnell Land.
It is to be understood that both notes and compilations, made by one untrained in and even unac-
quainted with ornithological matters, are necessarily defective, and would not have been attempted but for
the necessity. In this arrangement the " Notes on Birds of Greenland," by Prof. Alfred Newton, M. A.,
F. R. S , and " Notes from an Arctic Journal," by Maj. II. W. Feilden, F. R. S., have been most valuable.
While following the new nomenclature and arrangement of species kindly made by Dr. C. Hart Merriam,
Department of Agriculture, I have also given Newton's nomenclature.
In the "Arctic Manual," Professor Newton " On birdi in Greenland," has pointed out that at the highest
sixty-three species may be called denizens, and sixty-two stragglers, in Greenland. Of the regular denizens,
forty-seven are recorded as inhabiting Northern Greenland, of which he specified as "not unreasonable to
be looked for in Smith Sound, and some of them thence to the northward," thirty species might be found
in Smith Sound; a number corresponding to the known species in Spitzbergen. He mentioned thirty-six
to which attention should be particularly directed, as being the greatest possible number.
The observations of the vaiious expeditions strikingly confirm the general estimate advanced by
Professor Newton. Thirty-five birds have been found in the AVest Greenland C^hannel, /. c, in or to the north-
ward of Smith Sound. Thirty-two have been recorded north of 81° 30' N. (eight of which can be called
stragglers), or two more species than have been reported from Spitzbergen, a degree to the south.
The collated data, from various reports and narratives, which will be found in Table J, show the arrival
and departure of the different species in the West Greenland Channel. My own data the first year were
incomplete in this and many other respects, but the table is given as fully a;; possible in the hope that on
account of the very high latitude it may be of interest if not of value.
The table for other Arctic localities. No, II, is not as complete as the list for Smith Sound, and in addi-
tion to other defects may contain errors as to species, into which an unpracticed writer is liable to fall when
treating work foreign to his tastes and studies. The completion of the rejjort of Captain Wohlgemuth,
Austrian navy, permits the addition of data for Jan Mayen. The great interest shown lately in the migration
of birds caused the preparation of these tables, and to an ardent student in that direction — to Dr. C. Hart
Merriam — I have been indebted for the arrangement of the species under the new nomenclature.
No. I. Urinator liimme [Gmvci,). Colymbus scptentrionahs; Red-throated Diver.
The most northerly specimen of the bird is undoubtedly that seen by Feilden, on September 2, 1875,
at Floeberg Beach, 82° 27' N. The bird, while not positively identified, was su[)posed to be of this species.
A pair of these birds was seen by us July 18, 1883, near Dutch Island ; and a specimen had been previously
obtained by Sergeant Brainard, at Cape Baird, June 18, 1883.
It is not improbable that this diver breeds in Grinnell Land. Dr. McCormick reports that it breeds in
Wellington Channel, where it was seen frequenUy in August, 1852, and also in 1853.
No. 2. Fratcrcula arcttca (Linn.). Puffin.
Newton speaks of the puffin as nowhere common in Greenland. A specimen was obtained by us July
31, 1 88 1, at Littleton Island. The bird has been observed by no other expedition in Smith Sound, nor as
far as I know by any expedition in Arctic America.
Kumlien reports it as abundant from Belle Isle to Resolution Island, but did not see it in Cumberland
Gulf.
No. 3. Crpphus Mandtii (Liclit.). Uria i^^ryllr; Black Guillemot, or Sea- Pigeon.
The sea-pigeon was a common bird around the cliffs of Cape Lieber, w^here it probably nested, and
was occasionally seen near Distant Cape. Feilden reports the bird as feeding in pools as far north as
latitude 82° 2)2i ^ I'^'t 1^*^ ^'oes not think that it breeds north of Cape Union. In 1875 it was found nesting
at Cape Hayes and in Bessells Bay. The earliest specimens seen by us were June 9, 1882, and June 4,
1883. It was seen near Tiiank God Harbor February 28, 1872, and frecpiently in March. On May 26,
1876, one was seen by a sledge party at Thank God Harbor. The latest in that vicinity was observed near
Floeberg Beach, 82° 27' N., August in, 'StS- Hayes speaks of flocks at Port Foulke from February 10 to
\ il
THK LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXPEDITION.
21
17, 1861, and after Septemlier i, i860. There is not much douht but that the bird is found as far northward
in. the West Greenland Channel, and as late in the year as open water is to be found near the jjrecipitous
cliffs. It similarly remains late near Point Barrow, and in 1882 was observed on December 2. At Winter
Island, 1821-22, they remained near throughout the winter.
At Cai)e Sabine the first specimen seen was March 15, 1884, in winter plumage.
As bearing on the time of their change of plumage the following notes have been brought together:
Igloolik, very white, March 22, 1823; Baffin Day (McClintock) in white, October 19, 1857, and Feb-
ruary 3, 1858, commenced advancing to summer plumage; Winter Island, one seen spotted all over black
and white June 25, 1882, had nearly assumed their summer plumage June 29, 1822.
On September 3, 1868, in 78° 20' N., 2° 17' W., Nordenskicild speaks of U. s^rylli- "as scarcely recogniz-
able in their speckled winter dress."
"Amongst hundreds that I saw in the vicinity of Fo'tune Bay (near Godhavn)" says Feilden, "was one
completely black, the white spot on the scapulars not showing."
No. 4. Uria troile (Linn.); or, Una lomvia (Linn.). Alca bmennichii or arra; Bruennich's
Guillemot, or Murre.
The most northern specimen observed by the expedition of 1875 was in Buchanan Strait, 79° N.,
which coincides with our own experiences. The most northward examples obtamed by us were on
July 31, 1 88 1, at Littleton Island, and in 1884, north of Cape Sabine, on June 11. Bessels speaks of it
north of 81° as "(juite abundant and nesting."
This guillemot was found breeding in large numbers in N. W. Gary Islands in 1851, and also later on
the NE. face of Hakluyt Island.
It is interesting to note that the murre was found by De Long breeding on Bennett Island, 760 39' N.,
July 16, 1881. •
No. 5. Alle alle (Linn.). Mergultis alk; Little Auk, or Rotge, or Dovekie.
The little auk was not observed by our expedition north of Buchanan Strait, where it was last seen by
the Arctic expedition of 1875. I concur in Feilden's opinion that they do not breed to the north of Foulke
Fiord.
Two examples were observed in Newman Bay in 1872. Bessels observed the bird May 24-26, 1873,
at Polaris house; and Hayes reports a specimen as seen at Foulke Fiord after September 3, i860, and also
during his boat journey near Cape Parry, September 11, 1854. Little auks were observed by Feilden Sep-
tember 17, 1876, in 73° 40' N.
The important part which this bird plays in the food supply of the Arctic Highlanders has been pointed
out by Kane, Hayes, and Bessels. This bird was seen by Parry in 1827, to 82° 45' N. One was shot off
Bedford Pim Island, near Cape Sabine, in Buchanan Strait, June 4, 1884.
The little auk undoubtedly returns to the north water as soon as it opens. Leigh Smith on Franz
Josef Land noted this bird as early as March 10, 1882, and on September 12, 1879, it was seen in 78° 24'
N., on the meridian of that land.
De Long observed the rotge July 12, 1881, in 77° N., 151° E., which, unless there is some error, makes
the range over 230° of longitude.
No. 6. Sienomnus parasiticus [hinn.). Common Skua, or Parisitis Jaeger.
The common skua was obtained at Thank God Harbor in 1872. But two specimens seen by us, June
18 and 20, 1883, by different observers, and none by the English expedition of 1875-76. Dr. McCormick
records it at Wellington Channel as late as September 2, 1852.
No. 7. Stercorarius longicaudus (Virill.). Siercorarius parasiticus longicaudatm; Buffon Skua, or
Long-tailed Jaeger.
This was the most common bird in the vicinity of Discovery Harbor. Nearly two hundred were killed
by us at Conger, in 18S2, as food for young owls. One was seen June 6, 1876, at Depot Point, 82° 45' N.
The first seen by us was June 3, 1882, and a day later in the month the following year. The first specimen
at Sabine was observed May 23, 1884. This bird fed very largely on lemmings. Our observations were
22
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
the same as Feilden's, who says ; " It lays its two eggs in a small hollow in the ground, and defends itj
nest with the utmost bravery." Many s])ccimcns were seen by me in tlie interior of Grinnell Land, in July,
1882, when the bird was so bold as to be troublesome when we were in camp.
No. 8. GaTin alba (Gunn.). Pagophila cburnea; Ivory Gull.
The only specimen obtained by us was August 7, 1881, in Hall Basin, and not more than three or four
examples were seen in our two years at Fort Conger. Fcilden says tliat in 1875 and 1876 this gull was not
infrequently observed, but not beyond latitude 82° 20' N. An example was seen as late as September i,
1876, in Lincoln Bay, 82° 6' N., in August, 1876. The earliest specimen noted was by Coppinger, in
Petermann Fiord, May 28, f?) 1876.
The ivory gull was thought by Feilden to be nesting at Brevoort Island July 31, 1875, and later that
year a pair was observed breeding at Cape Hayes.
Two ivory gulls were seen at Point Barrow, where it is a rare visitor, says Murdoch, by Lieutenant
Ray, early spring 1882, and later in the autumn a few were seen flying up the coast with Ross's gulls— none
were seen in 1883.
No. 9. Rissa tridactyla (Linn.). Kittiwake.
The kittiwake was obtained September 12, 1871, at Thank God Harbor; and Bessels says it was the
last bird observed near the ship in 1871, and that flocks were seen, June, 1872, in Newman Bay. Hayes in
1854 killed a kittiwake as late as September 20 seven miles south of Cape Parry. The expedition of 1875-76
did not observe this bird to the northward of Port Foulke, but tiiey were very numerous in the North Water,
September 10-16, 1876. A pair was seen by us, June 23, 1883, at Distant Cape, near Fort Conger.
No. 10. Lartis glaucus {^x\x\\n.). Glaucous Gull, or Burgomaster.
The gull was not an uncommon one in the vicinity of Fort Conger, but no breeding-place was ever dis-
covered. Feilden mentions this gull as seen to 9>2° 34' N.,and until September 1, 1875. It was recorded
two days later in 187 1 at Thank God Harbor. A glaucous gull was seen in Rawlins Bay August 20, 1876.
The earliest specimen noted by us at Conger was June 5, 1883. At Polaris house, about 78" 20' N., it was
seen as early as May 10, 1 873. At Thank God Harbor it appeared June 12, 1872. Hayes mentions burgo-
masters in Booth Sound September 24, 1854. Leigh Smith records this bird as early as March 5, 1882.
in Franz Josef Land, and Dr. McCormick found it breeding in Wellington Channel by June 21, 1853. In
general the burgomaster o' ice-gull may be said to be the earliest of gulls to arrive anj the last to depart.
No. II. Larus /riico/iti-nis [T^ab.). Iceland Gull.
This bird is evidently an infrequent visitor of Smith Sound. Newton states that it breeds in both in-
spectorates of Greenland, and it is the most common gull after the kittiwake. He also says it has been
observed on the east coast, and said to breed in the Parry Islands. Two specimens were seen — one by
myself May 19, 1882, in Watercourse Bay, and the second June 5, 1883, by Private Connell, at Distant Cape.
The bird was identified simply by its small size and pale blue mantle. Those seen were evidently stragglers.
Murdoch says that Mr. Howard Saunders identified supposed Iceland gulls from Point Barrow as being
glaucous gulls, and conseciuently the gulls referred to may have also been L. glaucus. The early date for-
bids the examples from being young, and there is no doubt of their dissimilar appearance to any glaucous
gulls seen as regards size and color of mantle.
No. 12. Xema sabi/iii (Sah.). Sabine's Gull.
The Sabine gull was first obtained by Bessels in Smith Sound in 1871. Probably the most northern
specimen ever killed was at Fort Conger, July 6, 1882. The gull was an exceedingly uncommon one, and
the few specimens seen were in comi)any with BufTon's skuas.
Cape Dalhousie, which ni Richardson's time was " the most westerly ascertained breeding-place," has
given way to Cambridge and Walker Bay in 1852-53, and now to Point Barrow in 1882, which directly
connects it with the Old World, "When," says Seebohm, "it has been found on the Siberian side of Behring's
Strait."
No. 13. Sterna pamdisiea (Brunn.). Sterna macrura; Arctic Tern.
The tern was found breeding on Breakwater Island, adjoining Bellot Island, by Feilden, in 1875, and
by us at the same place. The bird was not uncommon in the vicinity of Fort Conger, and was not especially
THK LADY FUANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
23
shy. The first tern appeared near Floeherg Beach, June i6, i SyG. The first seen by us was June 21, 1882,
and one was killed June 18, 1883 — both specimens in or near the nellows, a valley eighteen miles south-
west of Fort Conger. It was observed June 21, 1854, by Morton at Cape Constitution. Kggs of the tern
were obtained June 28, i86i, at Foulke Fiord. McClintock speaks of the tern in Baffin Bay, 66° 45' N.,
April 10, 1858, as the first (with a gull the same day) of his summer visitors, six days before the snow-bunting.
"In the mid-Atlantic," says Feilden, "a single Arctic tern approached the ship rluring a gale of wind." It
was seen as late as August 26, 1875, at Discovery Harbor, which is probably a late date for it to remain to
the north of Smith Sound, as Kane speaks of it as gone September 10, 1833.
No. 14. FiilmarHs gliicialis (Lmn.), Procellaria glacialis; Fulmar, or Mallemuke.
This bird is evidently an infrequent visitor of Kennedy and Robeson Channels. A single specimen
was seen June 26, 1876, near Floeherg Beach, by Feilden, in 82° 30' N., and one found dcail near by a few
days later by Lieutenant E^dgerton, R. N. Feilden also saw it at Ca|)e Isabella, and says it was numerous
in the North Water September 10-16, 1876. Bessels speaks of the bird, September 19, 1872, as rarely seen.
Morton reports it as one of the species observed June 22, 1854, at Cape Constitution. I'arry saw a "moUie"
July 16, 1827, in 82° 27' N., on the meri<lian of Spitzbergen, and later about 82° 4s' N. Leigh Smith noted
one in Franz Josef Land in 1882 at the very early date of Pebruary 24.
No. 15. Clangiila hyema/is {\An\\,), Ilarelda ghicialis; T-ong-tailed Duck, or Old Squaw.
Specimens were obtained at Floeherg Beach, 82" 27' N., by Feilden as late as September 16, 1875, and
were seen July 12, 1876, in 82° 40' N. He speaks of the bird as found in numbers the summer of 1876.
Long-tailed ducks were not uncommon in the vicinity of Discovery Harbor and the interior of Grinnell
Land. The earliest specimens obtained by us were June 6, 1883, and June 17, 1882. Kane speaks of the
bird as arriving, June 16, 1854, at Van Rensselaer Harbor. The long-tailed duck arrived at Igloolik in 1823,
the first of the ducks on May 23. At Cape Sabine the first specimen was observed by us June 1, 1884. The
breeding plumage of the male is wonderfully varied, scarcely two examples ever being alike.
No. 16. Somateria moUissima (Linn.). Eider.
The eider duck was seen in considerable numbers in the vicinity of Discovery Harbor. It was not
obtained by Feilden north of Cape Union, but a flock was observed September 5, 1875, at Dumb-bell Bay,
about 82° 30' N.
A flock was seen at Thank God Harbor as early as -June 4, 1872, and in 79° N. as late as November
4, 1872. On September 24, 1854, Hayes saw, near Cape Parry, small flocks flying southward. The first
eiders at Sabine were observed May 28, 1884.
A flock of ten, females and young, caught during the early winter, was killed by us September 7, 1881, in
the southwestern part of Discovery Harbor. Our experiences thus tend to confirm Kumlien's observations
in Cumberland Sound — that after the breeding season the males separate from the females and migrate
southward earlier than the mother-bird and her brood.
"The old males," says Kumlien, "separate from the females and young as soon as the breeding season
is over, and • * also migrate southward much earlier than the females and young. During the autumn
of 1877 (in Cumberland Sound) we procured about seventy, • * but not a single adult male was • •
ever seen."
Rae noted the same habit at Repulse Bay in 1847, reporting only females left August 17. Nordenskiold
also found females and young only remaining at Mussell Bay at the end of October, 1872, and Dr. McCor-
mick similarly obtained only females and young ones August 24, 1852, in Wellington Channel.
No. 17. Somateria spectabilis (Linn.). King Eider.
Feilden saw this species as far as 82° 30' N., June 26, 1876. The earliest specimens obtained by us were
June 1 1, 1883, five days earlier than in the preceding year. At Thank God Harbor a king duck was killed
June 12, 1872, and a duckling seen July 15. At Igloolik king ducks arrived April 16, 1823. At Cape Sabine
it made its appearance May 26, 1884. The latest specimen in Smith Sound was obtained by Hayes near
Cape Parry, September 21, 1854. Several small flocks were noticed flying southward on that and preceding
days.
M
THK LADY FRANKLIN JtAY EXPEDITION.
|i
Nu. i8. Chen hyberhona nivalis (Forster). Chen hyperhorens ; Lesser Snow-Goose.
This bird has not been previously oi)t;iine(l in Smith Soiiml or to the northward. A pair was seen June
12, 1882, by Private Connell, near Fort Conger, and anotlier by Lieutenant Lockwood, June 13, 1882, on the
sliores of Sun Bay.
Ricliarilson speaks of the snow-goose as breeding in Wollaston Land in the beginning of June.
Armstrong observed snow-geese in Hanks Land September 7, 1850, and at Men.y Bay, May ;5i, 1851
and 1852.
No. 19. Bninta bcrnida (Linn.). Bernicia brcnta ; Brent Goose, or Brant.
This species appeared at Hoeberg Beach, June 9, 1876, and Feilden fo ind it breeding in 82033' N. It
was comparatively numerous in tiie vicinity of Fort Conger (Discovery Harbor), but we found it very wary.
The earliest exanii)les seen north uf Kennedy Channel were at 'IT.ank God ILirbor, June 4, 1872. At Cape
Sabine it was first observed May 30, 18S4. On August 20, 1876, brent geese were seen at Cape Lieber,
going south. At Thank God Harbor specimens were obtained as late as September 6, 1871. The brent
goose in 1861, was seen as early as May 23, flying to the NE. from .\msterdam Island, Spitzbergen.
Feilden says :
" No flocks of Brent (jeese, or indeed a single individual of this species, or any of the Anntidir, were seen winging their way
due north over the Kronen Sea, which would have been tlie case did migration extend in that direction. * In every instance they
clung to the coast lines.' '
No. 20. Grtis canadensii (f ) {\!mx\.). Little Brown Crane.
This species is mentioned doubtfully. Two strange birds were seen, June 23, 1883, in the Bellows, about
81" 40' N., by one of my most reliable and observant men. Private Biederbick. He was distant about 200
yards from them. Their backs were whitish, with an ashy or silvery gray effect, and the long legs seemed to
be reddish. The birds attracted his attention by .1 peculiar noise, which he thought was made by "clapping"
their bills. When alarmed the birds rose with difficulty, making much ado with legs and wings, and fleW
slowly and heavily.
It was probable that a flock of cranes passed jV. t/iwurd ovzx Fort Conger, July , 1883.
The crane breeds as far north as Igloolik, near the 70th parallel, and probably in Banks Land if not
Melville Island, as it was seen at Walker Bay, 1851-52, and at Mercy Bay in 1852. On June 20, 1883,
four were seen at Point Barrow.
No. 21. Crymophylus fitlicarius {\Jm.n.). P/ia/aropi/s/u/ican'usy Red Thalarope.
Feilden obtained a female bird June 20, 1876, in 82° 27' N. But very few specimens were seen by us,
the earliest June 18, 1883. One was killed June 26, 1883, at Distant Cape, and a second, July 2, 1883, at
Cape Baird.
Osborn mentions />Aa/aropus August 21-24, '851, in Booth Sound, about 76° 52' N.
No. 22. Trin^a canutus (Linn.). Knot.
It appears probable that the favorite breeding-place of this bird is in the neighborhood of the Parry
Islands. Captain Sabine found it nesting in large numbers, in 1820, on Melville Island, but elsewhere in
Arctic America the bird is either unknown or is comparatively rare. Major Feilden finds that it was obtained
in Cambridge Bay, 69° N., 105° W., in July, 1853. Murdoch's experience at Point Barrow tends further to
confirm this opinion. The knot was rare in that locality, but a "female was taken, on July 11, 1882, with
full-sized yolks in her ovaries."
The bird breeds in small numbers in the vicinity of Fort Conger (Discovery Harbor), but it was exceed-
ingly wary, and we never obtained the nest. I not only spent hours in watching a nesting-biru^ but had
several of my most patient hunters occupied on similar duty, without success. I have no doubt twenty pairs
nested within a couple of miles of F'ort Conger. They arrived June 3, 1883, and immediately nested. The
young were killed July 31.
On June 9 I directed that a few knots be killed for specimens, having before ordered that they be
undisturbed until the nest was found. That day Sergeant Ralston shot a female. There were in the egg-sac
twenty-one eggs in all stages of growth. One was a completely-formed hard-shelled egg ready to be laid.
A shot had b iken in the shell at one point, but it was not sufficiently injured to prevent measurement.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
25
The egg was i.io inch [28'"'"] in the longer axis, and i.o inch [25.40"""] in the shorter. The ground-color
was light pea-green, closely spotted with brown in small s[)ecks, about the size of the head of an ordinary
pin. The next-sized egg was without shell, round, bright orange color, veined with deep red.
Feilden, who killed a male and female in full breeding plumage, June 5, 1876, in Sa" 45' N., has
described the soaring of these birds, and the peculiar whirring noise they make.
It vould seem possible that eggs of the knot were obtained by Captain Lyons, who states that the
knot "lay four eggs on a tufl of grass, without being at the pains of forming any nest."
Kumlieii relates that a flock of knots alighted on the deck of the schooner Florence, in Cumberland
Sound, November, 1877, ^"' none were seen on land at any season.
No. 23. Tringa imintima (Brunn.). Purple Sand-Piper.
This species was observed by Hessels near Thank God Harbor in 1872. A few s])ecimens were seen
and obtained by us in i882-'83.
Dr. McCormick reports a purple sand-piper in Wellington Channel, August 23, 1852.
" In Cumberland Sound," says Ki-.mlien, "tlie purple sand-piper is the first wader to arrive in spring
and the last to leave in autumn." Tlie first was seen June 4, 1878, and they remained "until November, as
late as they could find any exposed .shore at low tide. • • • It is said that some remain in the fiords
of South Greenland all winter."
No. 24. Calidris arenaria (Linn.). Sanderling.
Feilden reports seeing a sanderling, in 82° 45' N., June 5, 1876, it being in company with knots and
turnstones. He says that the bird was rare, but he obtained several pairs and two eggs, a plate containing
illustrations of which is to be found in the Feilden Ornithology in " Nares' Voyage to the Polar Sea," Vol.
II. The nest, found June 24, in 82° 33' N., was on a gravel ridge, at an altitude of several hundred feet
above the sea, and the eggs were deposited in a slight depression in the center of the recumbent plant of
willow, the lining of the nest consisting of a few withered leaves and some of the last year's catkins. By
August 8 the young were able to fly, A specimen was seen June 4, 1876, at Depot Point. The bird was
not obtained by us unless, as is probable, it was one of our unidentified specimens, obtained August 31, 1882,
of which my naturalist unfortunately made no note.
The sanderling appears to be common to nearly all Arctic America, although not plentiful. It has been
seen in early June on Melville Island, Winter Island, at Igloolik, Walker Bay, Princess Royal Island, and
Mercy Bay. At Cumberland Sound, Kumlien saw only one small flock, in September 1877. Although it is,
according to Seebohm, a common summer bird in Alaska, it was not seen by Murdock at Point Barrow,
i88i-'83. Seebohm states that it arrived at Taiinyr peninsula, 74° N., June 4, which is nearly the average
date for Arctic stations in America.
The yeannette crew observed a sanderling near Faddejew, New Siberian Islands, August 30, i88i.
No. 25. ^gialitis hiaticula (Linn.). Ringed Plover.
Feilden reports a specimen obtained August 4, 1875, in Twin Glacier Valley. Five plovers, evidently
of this species, were found by Sergeant Linn, breeding on the banks of Very River, in the interior of Cirinnell
Land, about 81° 35' N., 74" W., July i, 1882.
This tends to confirm Newton's surmise, based on Nordenskiold and Jewell seeing an example in
800 45' N., that possibly this is the most northerly shore bird.
No. 26. Charadriiis (iommkus {M.\x\\.). Charadrius virginicus dominicus ; Golden Plover.
This bird was jeen by Mr. Henry Clay, an ardent sportsman, who was familiar with it, flying over the
Proteus, near Cape Baird, August 7, 1881. It had been previously recorded, I believe, by Bessels, at Thank
God Harbor, in 1872.
It has been recorded from Banks Land, Melville Island, and Port Bowen, as well as other stations in
Arctic America.
No. 27. Arenaria inierpres (Linn.). Strepsilas interpres; Turnstone.
Turnstones were quite abundant and bred near'Fort Conger in 1882 and 1883. In 1876 it was first seen
by Markham, on May 27, near Cape Henry. The earliest specimen observed by us was seen by Sergeant
Brainard, June 2, 1883, at Cape Baird. September 11, 1875, a flock was seen near Depot Point, about
82" 45' N. The young were able to fly by July 9.
S6
TIIK LADY FUAXKFJN HAY KNIMCDITIOX.
Kumlicr., in iS/y-'yS, saw no turnstoncs in rumbcrland Sound, hut tiic natives knew tlic bird. It was
not recorded at Port Howen, nor Hanks Iniidjuit has been from Melville Islanfl and Hoothia Felix.
No. 28. I,a\;<>f<iis ru/ifstris (Clnicl.). Rock I'tarniiK^m.
This is the only (Ireenland ptarmigan which is common to the wiiole country. It breeds in great
abundance on the Parry Islands, and is found thence southwestward to Point Harrow, where it is a rare
species. This bird is no doubt a winter habitant of (Iriniull Land. Traces were seen of it near Floeberg
Heach, September 29, 1875, and a spccitneii w.is obtained in Discovery Harbor (Fort Conger), October,
1875. Seven were seen by us, October 2, 1881, all in perfect winter plumage, and a single specimen,
October 12, 1882. It was observed at Floeberg Heach, 82° 27' N., March i r, 1876, at Thank Ood Harbor,
March 24, 1872, and killed in Discovery Harbor, April 10, 1876. The earliest seen by us were four in winter
plumage, March 9, 1882, in Newman Bay. One was killed on the shores of Lake Hazen, where they were
abundant, April 30, 1882. Traces were found by Aldrich at Cape Columbia, 83° 06' N., and the bird was
killed by Lieutenant Lock wood near Cape Uenet, 830 03' N., on the North (ireenland coast, May — , 1882,
and traces were noticed in 83° 24' N., at Lockwood Island. It was also the bird seen by me farthest in the
interior of Grinnell Land, near Mount Arthur, July 2, 18S2. Tracks were seen at Life-Boat Cove, Febru-
ary 7, 1873, and at Camp Clay, March 11, 1884, where three days later several were killed.
Hayes obtained fre(|uent specimens near Cape P.arry, up to October 9, 1854.
Feilden killed a female in full summer plumage, May 29, 1876, in 82" 46' N.
In Cumberland Sound, the single specimen obtained by Kumlien had its crop crammed full of sphag
num moss.
On July 20, 1877, Seebohm shot a rock ptarmigan "on the Yen-e-say, in latitude 71° ^o' N., the first
record of that species mainland of the jjahvarctic region, beyond this we have no further ^)articulars of
its range. This discovery leads to the supposition that it is a circumi>olar bird."
It is interesting to recall that Nordenskiiild found such traces of the ptarmigan on the inland ice of
Greenland, or to indicate that these birds visit it in no inconsiderable numbers.
No. 29. Haliarius alliicH.'a (Linn.). White-tailed F.agle, or Gray Sea- Eagle.
This eagle is one of the birds which was not expected in Smith .Sound, never having been reported
as far north as Littleton Island. Indeed, McClintock says that previous to 1857 only two eagles hail been
seen in twenty years. One Flskimo from Proven, only fifty miles south of Upernivik, knew the bird well,
•and said it was not an uncommon visitor. Newton says its northern range is not as yet determined. A
specimen was seen by Lieutenant Lockwood, April 4, 1882, in Shift-Rudder Bay, nearCape Beec' "'■ about
81° 55' N. It was identified by Eskimo Christiansen, who knew the bird well, and who instantly gave it the
Eskimo names (Nektoralik and Tertersoak). The eagle was evidently a straggler, and was the first bird
except the ptarmigan, seen that year. Tiie same bird was probably seen by Lieutenant Kislingbury near
Fort Conger seven days later; it being, he said, " a hawk or an eagle." Sergeant Gardiner, who heard the
bird, said that its scream was that of an eagle. Lieutenant Lockwood saw a second example, April 18,
1882, at the head of Lost River, near Repulse Harbor, about 82° N., 58° W.
Kumlien reports this eagle at Cumberland Sound in October, 1877, and nesting the following spring.
No. 30. Faho hlandus (Brunn.). Fako caiidkans ; Greenland Falcon, or Gyrfalcon.
The Greenland falcon was probably seen by the Polaris Expedition about May 22, 1872. Mr. Hart
noticed these birds nesting in cliffs near Cape Hayes, 79° 42' N., and a falcon was seen near Cape Frazer,
79° 44' N., August 24, 1876. The latest specimen in Smith Sound was recorded by Hayes during his boat
journey on Northumberland Island, near Cape Alexander, September 10, 1854. We saw an example August
4, 1881, just north of Carl Ritter Bay, and another near Fort Conger, on July 30, 1882 ; the attention of
Sergeants Jewell and Ralston being called to the latter through the great alarm shown by tlie Buffon's skuas in
their vicinity. Three falcons were seen, August 13, 1882, in tlie valley at the head of St. Patrick Hay, about
81° 55' N., attracted by offal. They were observed in the same locality August 15, and a pair of them flew
•around Fort Conger two days later.
No. 31. Nyctea tiyctea (Linn.). Nyctea scandiaca; Snowy Owl.
The snowy owl is a common and early migrant to Grinnell Land, and delays until the late autumn. Lieu-
tenant Parry noted an example as early as March 29, 1876, near Floeberg Heach, and one was seen by us at
Tin-: LADV FUAXKIilX WW KXI'KDITION.
27
Fort Conger, October 17, 1882, and hy Hall, at Thank (lod Harbor, )i/)OU/ October 20, 1871. On May jo,
18.H4, an owl (?) flow northward over our hut near Cape Sabine. Major Keildcn repurts fnulin^ a jiairin
(irinnell Land, breeding June 20, 1876, 82" 40' N. ; probably the most northerly of this species. The snowy
owl bred abundantly in the vicinity of Fort Conger, and as many as fifteen or twenty fine young birds were
raised in 1H82 and kept by us until ap[)roaching winter compellfd us to release them. .\ nest near Fort
Conger resembled that described by Major Feilden, which was " a mere hollow scooped out of the earth,
and situated on the summit of an eminence which rose from the center of the valley." In this case a few
feathers and a little grass were present. Our observations agreed with that officer's to the etVc( t that the
food of this bird seems to consist entirely of the lemming. Nelson has noticed that the abundance of the
owl in spring and stnnmer near Point Harrow appears to de|>end upon the presence of its favorite food, the
lemming. A specimen killed by us, Se|)tember 9, 1882, was 4 feet 8|4 inches [i.4jr)"'| between the extreme
tips of the wings, and weigheil only tliree pounds and fifteen ounces. Kggs were obtained May ;',, 1S82,
and the young on July 8.
The first bird seen in 1882 by Leigh Smith, in Franz Josef Land, was an owl, on February 8. Lamont
mentions seeing an owl of this species 180 miles from Lapland, the nearest coast.
No. 32. C(>n'//s tcnix si/iuirtiix (\\'a.\i\.). dnviis corax; Raven.
Dr. Coppinger observed a pair of ravens nesting at Cape Lupton, July, 1876, which Feihlen con.siders
its most northern settlement. This jjoint was j)robably a favorite nesting-])lace, as the Polaris saw a speci-
men near there July 20, 1872.
The raven was but (('casionally seen in the neighborhood of Fort Conger. On September 28, 1882,
Private Biederbick shot a fine specimen, in good condition, which weighed four pounds and twelve ounces,
and was four feet four and a half inches [i-333"'] from tip to tip of wings.
It is probable that the raven breeds and winters in the immediate vicinity of Cape Sabine, as specimens
were seen near Polaris house, Life- Boat Cove, late in November, 1872, and on January 30 and February
15, 1873. At Sabine a raven remained with us until some time in November, 1883, and reapjieared Feb-
ruary 20, 1884. Dr. Moss, R. N., obtained a specimen August 29, 1876, in Dobbin Bay. A young raven
was killed by Hayes on Northumberland Island September 1 1, 1854.
No. 33. Pkctrophenax nivalis (Linn.). Phrtropliaiics iiivaUs ; Snow-Bunting.
This is said by Pansch to be the most common land-bird or. the eastern coast of (Ireenland, and the
same remark ai)plies to it in Grinnell Land. Murdoch also found it the commonest bird at Point Barrow,
where the first bird, a male in full breeding plumage, appeared Ai)ril 9, 1882. By coincidence in 1883 the
snow-bird came ten days later than the preceding year at both Point Harrow and Fort Conger. The bird
remains late in Grinnell Land, as Feilden, on August 28, 1875, observed near Cape Union a flock of about
eighty, and on May 13, 1876, saw one at Depot Point, 82° 30' N.
A specimen, evidently^ straggler, was seen by the Polaris party at Thank God Harbor March 14, 1872,
which is three weeks earlier than any other recordetl example in a high latitude, April 3, 1873, at Mussell
Bay, Spitzbergen. The first at Conger appeared April 14, 1882, and was ten days later the following year.
The first bird near Cape Sabine was seen April 13, 1884, in Rice Strait by Sergeant Frederick, and one was
heard singing at Camp Clay the same day. The last observed by Feilden at Floeberg Beach was September
14, 1875. Kane at Van Rensselaer Harbor reported the last seen November 4, 1853, and the first on May
I, 1854. Feilden found the species nesting by May 30, 1876, in 82° 33' N., and Lieutenant Parr .saw one
near the eighty-third parallel. Lieutenant Lockwood and Sergeant Hrainard saw several specimens at 83°
24' N., May 13-15, 1882, and numerous others to the southward. Eggs, nests, and young, were obtained
by us.
In 1876 a snow-bunting was seen August 29 in Dobbi ) Bay, and on September 18, 1876, in 73° N.,
migrating to the south. Kumlien in 1878, at Cumberland Ciulf, saw one .\pril 5 and none again until May
8. " They move southward," he says, " with the first snows of September." At one time he noted snow-
buntings 200 miles at sea, off Cape Chidly.
No. 34. Saxico'a ccnanthe. Stone-C'hat or Wheat-Ear.
This is one of the stragglers not expected in Smith Sound. Newton says it was seen by James Ross,
May 2, 1830, in Felix Harbor, 70° N., 92" W. A wheat ear w.is observed, July, 1876, near Port Foulke,
about 78° 15' N., by Dr. Horner in yacht JKimhmi.
28
THE LADY FRANKLIN IJAY KXPKDITION.
li
The stone-chat was seen at Point Barrow from May 19-22, 1882.
Young wheat-ears, says Feilden, were able at Ritenbenk to Hy by July 16, 1875.
Kumlien says: "It [the wheat-ear] breeds on both shores of Cumberland Sound and on the west
coast of Davis' Straits, but rare," and that the Eskimo from Nuganiente and l''robisher Straits said they bred
there in small numbers.
No. 35. Urinator adamsii (Gray). Cofymhus torqualus var. tuiamsii ; Great Northern Diver.
This bird Newton does not class as probable in Smith Sound. I include it in the list, it being a possible
straggler, as Kumlien reports it as breeding in Cumberland Sound. Hayes, in his " Boat Journey," sjjcaks
of the great northern diver as seen June 18 and September 20, 1854. Whether he mistook this bird for the
red-throated diver or not is uncertain.
In favor of his correctness it may be rec-illed that Osborn saw the "great northern diver" in Booth
Sound, 76° 52' N., Augiii-t 21-25, i^S'-
Feilden mentions tl" t it was recorded at Walker Hay in June, 1852, and Sir Alexander Armstrong notes
their presence at Mercy Bay the same month,
B.ack saw this diver, with young, August 3-4, 1834, at Montreal Island, 67° 47' N., 95° W., and Rich-
ardson records that great northern divers were going southeast, near Cape Bathurst, 69° 30' N., August 17, 1848.
They pass Fort Frp.nkliii and Martin's Falls regularly each year on their way north, passing the former
place from May 1-6 (occasionally earlier), and are scarce at the latter place by May 12.
No. 36. StercorariHS pomariiins (Temm.). Sttrcoraritis pomatoihimis ; Pomatorhine Skua, or
Pomarine Jaeger.
Tins skua was not 'il)served by us. This is somewhat surprising, as Newton says it is the commonest
species of skua in the ni rth inspectorate of Danish Greenland.
No. 37. Rhihldstethia rosar (Macgil.). Ross' Gull.
No specimen of this rare bird was seen by us in Smith Sound The observations of Murdoch at Point
Barrow show that this bird in thousands passes over that ])oint vo the northeast during October, none of
which were ever seen to return. He says: "Tiiey appeared to come in from the sea to the west or north-
west, and travel along the coast to the northeast."
De Long reports them as seen in 71° 50' N., 177° W. in 18T9; and the year following from June 22 to
30, in. 72° 20' N., 178° E.
Ho. ^%. Merf^us srrrator (h\nn.). Red-breasted Merganser.
This bird was not seen by us on any of the preceding expeditions in Smith Sound or northward,
although considf ed by New;on as a possible migrant. No expedition in Arctic America has recorded it,
and though it bi.eds in Cumberland Gulf, at the edge of the Arctic Circle, it is not common, says Kumlien.
Seebohm questions its occurrence in Greenland as far north as 73", t'iough Kumlien, without giving
further particulars, sc\vs it is " found on the Greenland coast to 73° N. latitude at least, and probably farther."
No. 39. Crymophilus lobatus (Linn.). Phalaroptts hyperhorcus; Northein Phalarope.
The red-necked jihaiarope, which Newton says is the commonest species in Greenland, was not observed
by us.
Fencker says that this pha!rrope breeds farther north in Greenland than the gray (or red) phalarope;
nevertheless the latter bird was recorded north of the eighty-first pariUlel n 1876, 1882, and 1883.
No. 40. Sqttatarola helvetica (Linn.). Gray Plover, or Black-bellied Plover.
The gray plover was not seen by us, nor has it been recorded in Smith Sound, although it is a possible
species according to Newton.
Murdoch reports it as rare; a few seen in 1882 at Point Barrow, but none in 1883.
THK LADY ] UANKLIN HAY KXPEDITION.
List 0/ birds observed to the northwiud of latitude 81" 30' N., r> Greenland and Grinnell Land, i87i-'72.
iS;s-'76, and iGSi-'Sj.
No.
I
2
3
4
*5
6
7
8
9
»io
•11
12
*n
•4
«S
16
*'7
18
»I9
20
21
22
23
24
»2S
26
27
*28
29
30
3»
Species.
Urinator limime .
Cepplius mniultii
Uria troile, or lomvia
AUealle
Stercoraiiiis i)arasiticH.s
Stcrcorariiis l(inj;icau(liis ..
(iavia allia
Rissa tridactyla
I-arus glaucus
Lams leiicnpterus
Xenia sabiiiii
Sterna paradisii-a
I'ulmarus ulacialis
Clanj;iila liycnialis
Somatcria moUis.sima
Soniateria spectabilis
Chen hyperborea nivalis ..
IJranta bernicla .
Grus canadensis .
Crymophilus fulicarius
Tringa canutiis
Tringa maritima
Caliilris arcnaria.
.-Kgialitis liiaticula
Charadrius doniiniciis _.
Arenaria interpres
I -agopus nipcstris
Hali;i'lus alliicilla
Falco islaiulus
Nyctea nyclea
Corviis corax sinuatus .
IMcctroplienax nivalis .
( 'oninion name. Also found in
Red-throated diver.
Dovckie ..
Murre
Little auk
I'arasilic jaeger
Long-tailed jaeger.
Ivory gull
Kittiwakc
Glaucous gull
Iceland gull
Sabine's gull
Arctic t':rn
Fulmar
t)ld s.|aaw
Lide. _
Kin 4 eider
Les;;cr snow -goose.
l?rant
Little brown crane.
Red phalarope
Knot..
Purple sand-piper .
Sanderling .
Ringed plover
Golden plover
Turn.stone
Rock ptarmigan
( 1 ray seaeagle
Gyrfalcon
Snowy owl
Raven
Snow-bunting.
Years
seen.
Earliest date
seen.
June 18, 1883
Feb. 28, 1872
1872
1872
June 18, 1883
|une 3, 1S82
May 28, 1876
June 21, 1883
June 5, 1883
May
July
Juue
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
June
19, 1882
6. 1882
16. 1876
26, 1876
6, 1883
4.1872
II, 1883
12, 1S.S2
3. 1.SS2
^3. '«'\5
18, 1876
3. »S«3
Average date (in
yean.) of arrival.
June
June
June
June 10
May 28
3 J"'"-" '8
June 12
June 16
June 13
Ijust seen.
Sept. 2, 187s
After Sept. I,
«87S.
Aug. 30, 1882
.Sept. I. 1875
Sept. 12, 1871
Sept. 6 (?),
1871.
Aug. 26, 187s
Sept. 16, 1875
Sept. 7, 1 88 1
4 I Ji""-' 7
June 4, 1876
July I, 1882
May 27, 1876
Mar. 9, 1882
April 4. 1882
May 22, 1872
Mar. 29, 1S76
Juni' 19, 1872
Mar. 14, 1872
June 19
June 6
June
(t)
Apr. 25
(')
May 2
Sept. 6, 1871
Aug. 29, 1875
About Sept. 3,
1871.
Aug. 31 (?),
1882.
Aug. 7. 18S1
Sept. n, 1875
Oct. \2, 1882
Almut Oct. 20,
1871.
Oct. 20, 1871
Sept. 28. 1882
Sept. 14, 1875
* Straggler.
Hx/ifitHations .
t A winter dcuizun.
Z, for Nova /.cmblu; S, lor Spltzbcrgcn ; II, for I'olnt Barrow.
% Sccu four years north of 79° 43', % Not included in average earliest arrival.
30
THE LADY FBANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
H'
No.
'3
14
«5
16
«7
Table s/iowing earliest and latest dates or ivlncli birds
Species.
English name.
Urinator lumme . .
Fratercula arctica.
Cepphus mandtii .
Red-thr jated Diver .
Puffin
Doi ekie -
Uria troile . V.urre
AUe alle 'Jttle Awk, Rotge.
Stercorarius parasiticus ' Common Skua
Stercorarlus longicaudus | Bufibn's Skua .
Gavia alba Ivory Gull
Rissa tridactyla Kittiwake .
Larus glaucus.
Larus leucopterus.
Xema sabinii
Glaucous Gull.
Sterna paradisa:a ..
Fulmarus glacialis
Clangula hyemalis .
Somateria molissima
Somateria spectabilis
18 I Chen hyperborea nivalis
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Branta bernicla
Grus canadensis
Crymophilus f".licarius.
Tringa caiiutus
Tringa maritlma
Calidris arenaria
yKgialitis hialicula.
Iceland GuU .
Sabine's Gull
Arctic Tern.
Fulmar
Eider .
King Eider .
Parry's first expedition,
Winter Harbor, iSig-'zo.
July 9, 1820
Parry's second expedition,
l82I-'23.
f Sept. 14, 1821 ».
\June 14, 1823b
f Aug. ^ and 13, 1819
I Aug. 8, 1820
Early June, l82o(?)
Yes»
Dec. I and 13, 1821
Jan. 25, 1822-'
Mar. 25, l822»
Mar. 22, i823'>
'Sept. 13, i82i»
June — , 1822*
.Aug.4, l822«
Rare".
/Aug. 7, 1819...
\Rare
f Sept. 5, 1819 .
■J Mar. 20, 1820.
(Aug. 25, 1820.
June 16, 1822*.
}
}Sept. 21, l8,-.i».
Sept. 26, 1822".
. f Tune. 29, l822»
Aug.-, it Aug. 5,1822-...
( Sept. 5, 1819 •... June 24, 1822- .
\ July 8, 1820 1 July 2, 1823'' ..
Aug. 4, 1819.. j
f Sept. 19, 1819.
Long-tailed Duck \\ June—, 1820.
(june 22, 1820 .
Oct. 4, l82l»..
June 21, 1822*.
"May 4(?), 1822"
Oct. 4, 1822 •> ....
May 21, 1823''.
, 0 f Sept. 14, l82l«
''^"S' '3. i8l9 1 1 About May 30, 1822-
(•Sept.—, 1819
\ June 22, 1820
("Aug. 25, 1820
[ \ May 30, I
I j Apr. 16, li
822*
1823"
Greater Snow-Goose I ..— . June 24, 1823''
Brent (ioose, Brant
Little Brown Crane
(iray Pha'arope June 2, l82o(?)
Knot .
Purple Sandpiper .
Sanderling.
Ringed Plover
Ves"
No.
Ves
f June 19, 1822*.
\June 14, l823i>.
June 25, i823'>..
June 20, 1822 (?)i
f Aug. 17, 1822"
July 31, 1819.
\ June 16, 1823''. ..
f June 10, i822«
\June 14. 1823 (?)'
June 16, 1823''.
May 31, i822«.
" Winter l-.|;inil.
'' I(;lnoli>i
' ( ainbridRC Hay.
''At Lcopuld Island , Prince Regent Inlet.
• Walker Hny.
' Kirst Rulls III these years.
I Gulls, sp. ?, Sent. 33,18^0, Sept. 10,1851.
b Kirst Kiills,sp. ?
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
31
have been obsenwd at various Arctic stations.
I arry's third expeili-
tioii, I'oit liuwun,
1 824-' 25.
Ross' t.'\|iciliti(in,
IJoothia Felix, i829-'33.
McC'liire's cxpeilition,
CoUinson's expedition, : I'linccss Koyal Island
i85i-'54. ! and Mercy Day,
i i8S'-'53-
Yes
June, i8S3«.
June 23, 1852.
Ray's expedition, Poini
Barrow, i88i-'83.
May 22, 1882 .
No.
June — , 1825 .
Early June, 1825 ...
f ,1832 ...
\Feb. -, 1833.
(?) -
Dec. 2,1882.
Dec. 9, 1882 .
(?)
(?) - -
Before June 14, 1825
Spring, 1825
Yes
Yes
C)
Sept. 21, 1829, very rare.
Yes
(?)=
July -, 1853c
Yeo"
May 31, 1852.
June 8, 1851 .
\june II, 1825 .
'Sept. 28, 1829
Apr. 19, 1830'
June 8, 1831'
About Apr. 25, 1832'.
Sept. 2g, 1832'
After Apr. 30, 1833'.
Yes
June—, 1853 «
fSept. 13.1850
I June 8, i8si«
\ May 27, 1851"
I May 31, 1852
1^ About June I, 1853
}(?)
}(?).
(?)-
Oct. I3(?),i824 .
Early June, 1825 .
i- Early June, 1825
}
\ No .
No..
No..
No.
}
I Early June, 1825 ...
No.
No.
, 1830
Yes
Aug. 9, 1829J.
C" Ducks," Ju.ie 12,1830
Sept. II, 1830
J June 20, 1831
I After June 25, 1832 . ..
I Sept. 29, 1832
(^ About June 16, 1833..
,i853°
f June — , 1852" . .
J J.,n-_, lS53"_.
(May 13, 1854I ..
f , 1851"
\ ,i852'L....
(July—, 1853'= ...
(?)"
.. .1 .
1
June — , 1852' ..
(•June — , 1853 ■^..
Oct. 26(?), 1853-
June 21, 1830.
Sept. 7, 1850I'
Aug. 16, 1850...
Aug. ly, iSsi. ..
June 13, 1852! ..
May 30, 1882 .
( End May
\ End August .
f Early sjiring .
\ Late autumn .
Middle Nov. 1881
May 2, 1882
Nov. I, 1882
End Oct., i88l...')
June 28,1882 I
Aug. 3, 1882, last. [
Julyand Aug.,l883 J
■ About June 10, ,
June 29, 1882 .
About Aug. 31,1882
Middle M.-iy, \
■ Dec. 9, 1882 J
{Juhe 12, 1830 1
June 20, sp. ? 1830 V
About June 16, 1S33 .. )
f June — , 18528.
\July — , I853".
f Sept. 7, iSso-n.
\ June — , 1852 J
I r Apr. 27, 1882.
Aug. 19, 1851 i ' Dec. 2,1882.
f Yes" (?)«
\May is(?),l854'-..
June 4, 1830 .
Yes
i fOct. -, i85i»
\ Before June 6, 1852"
r , 1830
.luly, 1831.
[July, 1832.
July 9, 1853"....
I June 10, 1853 «.
June 9, 1852"...
June — , 1852 .
Sept. 7,1850.. ,
May 31, 1851
Aug. 19, 1851
.May 31, 1852
May 5, l8Su-
End Oct., 1883,
Middle May .
June — , l852n I ■
Middle A^. .8500..; Jj^,„^,^, ,333
AbouL Juiie 3, 1852
June 4, .882.
About June 3, 1852 .
Aug. 30, 1850
June 7, 1851
\l)out June 3, 1852
\()ct. 25, 1882
f lune II, 1882
(July 5, 1882, last..
}•
I
7
8
9
10
II
12
«3
>4
'S
16
17
18
«9
20
21
22
23
24
25
' (Camden Hay.
i In I'riiicc Rceent Inlet.
' Possibly h'. Rmlgnsii ; Pacific form.
I "Ducks," sp. ?; Sept. 23,1850; June 7, 1851 ; Sept. a7,i8si.
■ Probably var. /*. nigra,
» Probably var. Kt'gricam,
' Near Keturu Reef.
82
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
No.
26
27
28
29
30
3«
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
4'
42
43
Species.
Charadrius dominicus ..
Arenaria interpres
Lagopus rupestris
Halixtus albicilla ..
Falco islandus
Nyctea nyctea
CorviLs corax sinuatus ..
Plectrophenax nivalis
Saxicola (cnanthe
Urinator imber
Stercorarius pomarinus .
Rhodostethia rosea
Merganser serrator
Phalaropus lobatus
Charadrius squatarola ..
Colymbus arcticus
Larus argentatus
Cygnus .
•Winter Island.
>> leloolik.
• Walker Bay.
English name.
Golden Plover
Turnstone
Rock Ptarmigan
White-tailed Kagle
Cireenland Falcon .
Snowy Owl
Raven ,
Snow- Hunting
Stone-Chat
Great Northern Diver
Pomarine Jaeger
Ross' Gull.
Red-breasted Merganser .
Northern Phalarope
Grey Plover
Hlack-throated Uiver
Tabic showing earliest and latest dates on which birds
Herring Gull, Common Gull
Parry's fust expedition,
Winter Harbor, l8l9-'20.
{June 13, 1819.
Sept. — , 1819.
June 3, 1820..
Yes
/Oct. IS, 1819 .
\ May 12, 1820.
Parry's second expedition,
l82I-'23.
(Feb. — , 1820 ...
Mar. 20, 1820...
May — , 1820...
■Aug. 25, 1820...
(Aug. 15, 1819...
■j June 3, 1820
( fuly 20, 1820 ...
{Sept. 8, 1819 . ..
June 2, l82o(?) .
Aug. IS, 1820...
Yes
/Aug. 22, 1819.
I June 23, 1820.
Swan .
Aug. 7, i82i»
June—, i822(?)"
June 14, 1823''..
June 14, 1822 »..
• Nov. 16, l822» . .
Oct. 5, l822(?)'>
■ No owls"
Aug. 22, 1821*
Mar. 25, 1822"
About Oct. 31, 1822'' .
Apr. 27, 1822"
Sept. I, 1822*
May 22, 1823''.
June ID, 1823''.
July 2, 1823'' .
Aug. 17, i82i»
/June 28, 1822*.
\june 14, l823'>..
{Sept. 14, i82l»
May 4, l822»
About Apr. 17, 1823''.
' Cambridge Bay.
• Camden Bay.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
33
have been observed at various Antic stations— Continued.
Parry's third expedi-
tion, Port Bowen,
i824-'2S.
I Middle May, 1825.
No
No.
No.
Ves
■ All winter .
) Sept. 24, 1824
I Middle Apr., 1825.
(?)
No.
Ross' expedition,
Boothia Felix, 1821-33.
Collinson's expedition,
l8si-'54.
(■June 4. 1830
\ June 22, 1831
f .1830
\ Middle June, 1832..
All the year
June 10, 1852 «.
. i853'>-
j I June, l8S3'» ..
Aug. and Sept., i832(?).
{Occasionally through
winter, 1831-32.
All the year
f Aug. 27, 1829
J Apr. 17,1831
(.After Apr. 30, 1832.
May 2, 1830
June 20, 1830
Yes
1830.
}(?)'
{Mar. 16, i852«.
Nov. 13, i8S3'>
May 7, 1854" . .
}May 10, 1852".
Apr. 10, 1854* .
June — , 1852°.
June—, 1853*.
McClurc's ex|iedition.
Princess Koyal Island
and Mercy Bay,
'851-53-
June 7, 1851
About June 3, 1852
Ray's expedition. Point
Barrow, i88i-'83.
All the year
Sept. 5, 1851
(May 10, 1851
Sept. 18, 1851 ...
March i, 1852
Mid-winter, 1852-53
I All winter, 1852-53.
(■Sept. 7, 1850 .
\ Apr. 27, 1851.
(.Apr. 20, 1852.
f Aug. 30, 1850.
\june 13, 1852.
{May 21, 1882 )
.\ug. 31, 1882.... \
,1883....]
/June 4, 1882 . 1
\Aug. 30, 1882.... f
All the year
Autumn, i882-'83 ...
I All the year, 1883
Apr. 9, 1882 1
Sept. 20, 1882 [■
Apr. 19, 1883 j
May 19 and 22, 1882.
, 1882' ..\
End May, 1883 .../
Sept. 28, 1881 ...1
Oct. 22, i88i I
Sept. 10, 1882 ... \
Oct. 9, 1882 I
June 10, 1883*... J
No.
26
27
28
29
30
3'
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
No.
JNo
Ijuly-, 1825
June 15,
"es"' ..
1852'
:}
Yes
Yes
{iu:;::;g^:::::::}J-.■«s2-.
yuiy — , i»53 | (^ About June i, I
June II, 1883
, 1882
f June 7, 1882 h
\Oct. — , 1882
::;:}
{=:!
, 18520
853"
::■}
853-
(')
' Var. Adamti,
• Seventy miles NW. of Point Hope.
' Var. Patificus.
> Wtiistling Swan, Trumpeter, east of Fort Yukon.
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 3
34
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table shmving tarliest and latest dates on which birds have
No.
3
4
5
6
7
8
II
12
13
14
«S
i6
•7
l8
«9
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Species.
Urinator lumme
Fratercula arctica.
Cepphus mandtii .
Uria troile
AUealle....
Stercorarius parasiticus . .
Stercorarius longicaudus .
Gavia alba
Rissa trtdactyla
I^rus glaucus
Larus leucopterus..
Xema sabinii
English name.
Red-throated Diver .
I'uffm.
Dovekie
Murre
Little Awk, Rotge.
Common Skua
Buflfon'sSkua
Ivory Gull .
Kittiwake .
Sterna paradisica
GlnucDUb (jull
Iceland Gull .
Sabine's Gull
Arctic Tern..
Fulmanis glacialis Fulmar
Clangula hyemalis . .
Somateria moliissinia
Somateria .spectaliilis
Chen hyperborea nivalis .
Branta bernicla
(Jrus caiiailensis
Crymophilus fulicarius .
Tringa canutus
Tringa maritima
Calidris arcnaria.
yEgialitis hiaticula
Charadrius doniinicus
Arcnaria interpres
Lagopus rupestris
Long-tailed Duck.
Eider
King Eider
Greater Snow-Goose
Brent Goose, Brant .
Little Brown Crane .
Gray I'halarope
Knot
Purple Sandpiper .
.Sanderling
Ringed I 'lover
G 'en I'lover
Turnstone
Rock Ptarmigan..
' Near I^ell Sound, going north.
•> Near Amsterdam Tslanci,
* Nesting in Henrietta Island.
' Nesting in Uennet Island.
McClintock's expedition,
Port Kennedy, 1859.
Yes
Feb., 1859.
Prince Regent Inlet .
Pond's Bay
Cape Warrenden
Yes
."859
Yes
June, 1859..
Pond's Bay, July, -
June, 1859
NordenskiOld and others,
Spitzbergen.
About May 24, 1 86 1* .
Oct. 2, I8681'
End Oct., 1872
Mar. 4, 1873
r About May 24, l86i» ,
\ Sept 24, i868«
(Oct. 2, i868>>
/ May 23, l86l'> .
\Oct. — , 1872 ..
May 23, 1861''..
{May 23, 1861'' .
Sept. 20, i868'>
Mar. 3, 1873...
rMay 23, 1861 •>..
\ Oct. 2, 1868'' ...
(.Nov. 30, ^..
2 at Mussel Ray . .
End Oct., 1872.
May 23, 1861 h ..
f Found by -
I 45' N.
-,80°
All the year Mar. 4, 1873.
•780 30'N.; 2° 17' W.
<ltt*\ i5>°K.
> Rare, but seen at intervals during winter.
b About 81° N.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
been observed at various Arctic stations — Continued.
35
Sunderland, Helcher, ,, ,„ ,. ,„, „,i„„,i
■ „ ,. . , liowcate, (-.iimberlanu
and McCorinick, near '■ ^'„„„|
Wellington Channel.
Sound.
{lui::?\S:.::::}'-J-'«78
June 3, 1851..
I Sept. 28, 1852.
None .
Sept. 2, 1852.
jSept. 5,1852
f June 28, 1851
\Sept. 2, 1852
May 16, 1851 . . .
Sept. 5, 1852
June2l, 1853; breeding;
June 6, 1 85 1 . . .
f June 13, 1851
\ Aug. 29, 1S52
Aug. 23, 1850 .
May 23, 1851 .
Sept. 2, 1852 ..
July II, 1851 .
■ All wintei .
Wohlgeniutli, Jan
Mayen.
f Autumn 1882 ..
\ June 10, 1883
( Beginning of Sept.,
\ 1882.
(.May 23, 1883
Weyprecht and Smith,
I'Van/. Joseph Land.
fAl
A|
(M
M)out .Sept. 9,
pr. 7. 1S74.
ar. 9, 1882.
1873
-, 1878
None .
Early 1878
f June — , 1878.
1 Apr. :
j First I
{Sept. 23, 1850
May 17, 1851 .
Sept. 3, 1852..
June 9, 1 85 1
[■June I, 1851
I Sept. 6, 1852 ...
June 2, 1853
[After June, 1854
{Autumn 1877
None 1878
Autumn 1877
None 1878
20, 1878
to arrive
,1878
fOct. 6, 1877
\ One pair ontyi
ijune 19 and 20, 1878,
) only.
[Middle Oct., 1877 ...
j ,1878
f I-ate May, 1878
(One all winter
I Till Nov. 17,1877
j Apr. 30, 1878
f Dec. 6, 1882..
\ Apr. 21, 1883.
/Oct. II, 1882 .
\jan. i5, 1883 .
f Dec. 23, 1882.
\jan. 13, 1883..
I June 20, 1878
^Oct. — , I "
877, half-grown
f Aug. 28, 1852; sp. ?.
■! Aug. 23, 1852; sp.?;
I young.
> June 6, 1851; sp. ?
f ,1878 ., ,
\(j. Fraterculus?
{First, Aug. 4, 1877, in
41° N., 68''W.
Only in Nov., 1877
1 Nov. — , 1877
(June—, 1878
Sept. only, 1877.
. 1878
June 2, 1883
I July-, 1883
I May 3, 1883
I Feb. 20, 18831!
Dec, 1882
Jan. .^7, 1883I
All winter, i882-'83 .
I Straggler, ,1883
I , 1883
Dec. 19, 1882... .._
Jan. 18, 1883I
JDec. 7, 1882
Jcannetle expedition.
No.
I Feb. 18, 1882
}
("June— ,1873
J About -Sept. 9, 1873 .
1 Apr. 7, 1874
[Mar. 2,1882
f June — , 1873
\Sept.9, 1873
r June— ,1873
\ Sept. 9, 1873.
Dec. 6, 188?
April 8, 1883
} Aug.,
1882
May 23, 1883
(May 24, 1874
i Oct. 28-30, l88i._
(Apr. 20, 1882 . ..
May 6, 1882
(May 24, 1874....
\ Oct. 28-30, 1 88 1 .
(.Mar. S, 1882
f May 4, 1880. .
\ June 3, 1881'^ .
July 16, i88i'<..
July 12, 1881'.
1'
Sept. 17, 1879.
(Sept. 9, 1873
\ Oct. 28-30.1881...
(Apr. 22, 1882
June 3, 1882 .
Sept. — , 1882
End May, 1883 ....
/ Middle Oct., 1882 .
\May, 1883...
/Sept. — , 1882
\ May -,1883 ..
}--
I Apr. II, 1873.
}
}'•
ly 16, 1881'
Oct. 6, 1879; sp. ?
July 3, 1880; sp. ?
May 4, 1881 ; sp. ?
May 14, 1881
Aug. 30, 1881 ".
3
4
S
6
7
If
12
>3
14
•S
16
>7
18
19
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Not seen but known.
, 1878
/Sept. — , 1882.
\ May 27, 1883.
> Youne It intervals all winter,
i Near Kikastan Island,
k Bear Island.
> All winter at intervals.
»76°4i' N'.; IS.," E.
■Near Kaddejew.
36
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXrEDITION.
Table shoiving earliest and latest dates on which birds have
No.
29
3«
32
7,1
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
4'
4*
43
S|)ecies.
Ilalixtus nUiicilla
Kalco islandus
Nyclea nyctea
Corvus corax sinuatus .
Plectrophenax nivalis .
Saxicola nenanthe
Urinator imber
Stercorarius pomaiinus
Rhodostethia rosea
Merganser ser.ator
Phalaropus lobatus
C haradrius sipiatarula .
Colymbus articus
Larus argentatus .
Cygnus
Kn(;lisli name.
White-tailed Eagle.
Greenland Falcon .
Snowy Owl
Raven .
Snow-Bunting.
Stone-Chat
Great Northern Diver .
Pomarine Jaeger
Ross' Gull.
Red-breasted Merganser .
Northern Phalarope
Grey Plover
Black-throated Diver
Herring Gull, Common Gull . .
.Swan
McClintock's ex)^dition,
Port Kennedy, 1859.
Yes
All the year
May 26, 1859.
Yes
(?) -
Aug., 1859
Yes
Noi'denskiAld and others,
Spitzbergen.
Apr. 3, 1873
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
37
been obsen<ed at various Antic stations — Continued,
Siinilerland, IIcIcIilt,
and McC'urmick, near
Wellington Channel.
Ilow^atc, Cumberlaiiil
Sound.
WohlKenuitli, Jan
Mayen.
Weypreclit ami .Smith,
l'°ranz Juieph I.an(l.
'I'
I J
June 2, 1853
(Apr. 17, 1851...
\ Nov. 24, 1852 I \ All winter
(Sept. 6, 1852 ..
Sept. 14, 1850 .
Apr. 19, 1851 ...
"une 2, 1853
f Sept., 1877
\ Spring 1878
One only, late Nov. 1877
Oct., 1877
lApr. S. iS
fMay8, 18
878
878
. 1878..
Common 1878
f No; but on west shore
I Davis Strait.
July -, 1878 .
June—, 1877.
Apr. 9, 1883.
All winter
Oct. 31, 1882 ..
Keb. 18 1883..
May 4, 1883.. .
I Aug. 10, 1882.
Apr. 20, 1882 .
Kel.. 8, 1882.
.Sept. 28, 1873
May — , 1874 .
Sept. 28, 1873
Jeaiinette expedition.
Aug. 31, 1881
(Sept. 14, 1880; sp.?\
\ Apr. 9, 1881 ; .sp. I )
f .1879 "I
\ June 22 and 30, \
(. l88o>. j
No.
29
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
4«
4»
43
{Jnne6, 1851...
Sept. 8, 1852 ..
June 24, 1878
I June 20, 1872; shot..
/Dec. 8, 1882
\ May 24, 1883....
May 23, 1883
'7«»«o'N,i78«E.
'
MEDUSyR.
Appendix No. 132.
By J. Walter Ff.wkes.
The following report* is based 011 notes and sketches of Medusae made by members of the expedition.
No specimens were examined, and in some cases it has been impossible for me to determine the character
of the jelly-fishes collected. A comparison with notes on other Mcdusoe known to inhabit these regions
has led me to hazard a conjecture in regard to genera oljserved by the members of the expedition. The
majority of the animals here mentioned were found by Lieutenant Greely in Discovery Harbor, latitude 81'^
44' N., longitude 6^0 45' W. It was my intention to have made this final report a monograph of Arctic
jelly-fishes. This work, very much needed, I have been unable to prepare, but have added to the account
of Medusae here presented a few of the common jelly-fishes known to inhabit the high latitude of the Arctic.
.. . ACRASPEDA.
The waters of the Arctic are inhabited by several genera of jelly-fishes destitute of a velum, many of
which are foun 1 as far south as the coast of New England. Of these may be mentioned the following:
Cyanea Postelsii, Brandt ; Cyanea antica. Per. et Les. j AitreliaJiaviJiila, Per. et I.es. ; Aurelia lahiata,
Chani. et Eysen ; Pnlphylla hyacinthina, Steen. ; Cal/inema ornata, Verr. ; Nauphanta polar is, Fewkes ;
/ Pelagia dentUulata, Brandt ? ; Chrysaont melaiuister, Brandt ; Chrysanni heptxna. Per. et Les.t
Cyanea arctica, Per. et Les.
This large and beautiful medusa has been recorded from several localities on the west coast of Green-
land, and is found all along the coast of New England. In the Bay of Fundy specimens of this medusa
are very large and abundant. Those from south of Cape Cod are smaller and less abundant. 'I'he species
is probably cold water in its habitat, as the name implies. C. Postelsii is confined to the vicinity of Alaska.
Aureliajiavidula, Per, et Les.
A common Arctic medusa which reaches large dimensions in colder waters. Sparingly represented
south of Cape Cod. Abundant in the Bay of Fundy and Massachusetts Bay. Aurelia labiata, Cham, et
Eysen. Also occurs in the Arctic.
X Periphylla hyacinthina, Steen.
This genus and species found in the Gulf Stream is also found in the Arctic. It has never been recorded
from the coast of New England although collected on Georges Bank.
•A preliminary report on the Medusae collected by the expedition has been published by Lieutenant Greely in Appendix
XI, of Three Years of Arctic Service.
fThis medusa is mentioned in A. Agassiz' list of Greenland Medus.v. Chrysaora is regarded by him as a synonym of
Dactylometra.
X The generic name, ('arybdea, used in the Arctic Manual and elsewhere to designate thi.<! medusa, belongs to a very different
jelly-fish which has never been recorded from the Arctic.
40
THE LADY FUANKLIN HAY KXPKDITION.
Caliinema iniata, Verr.
This ){enus and species oc<:urs in the cold waters of the Hay of Fundy and probably belongs to the
Arctic fauna. It has been recorded only from Kastport, Me. 'i'he genus is referred by H»;ckel to
Phacellophora, to which it may belong, although it differs from the species of this genus yet described, and
must retain the specific name ornala. /'. Camtschatua, Hrandt, also occurs in the Arctic.
Nauphanta pohiris, Fewkes.
The genus Nauphanta differs from Periphylla, with which it would at first sight be confounded, by the
possession of eight sense-bodies and eight tentacles, while Periphylla has four sense-bodies and twelve
tentacles, three tentacles alternating with wUch pair of sense-bodies. It is possible that the medusa referred
to Periphylla and that referred to Nauphanta are the same, but the sketch made by Sergeant (iardiner and
the accompanying notes leave no doubt that the species observed by the Lady Franklin Hay party has eight
tentacles. I copy from my original description o( N. polaris the following account:
Two good drawings of a medusa with characters of the genus Nauphanta were made b Sergeant Gardiner. The jelly-fish
from which they were drawn probably belongs to a new species, for which llie name Nnufkaita poturis is .sugge^>ted. The genus
Nauphanta wai collected by the Challenger in the Southern Atlantic in March, 1876, at a great depth below the surface. It was
first described by Hxckel (" Report on the Deep Sea Medusa: dredged by II. M. S, Challenger, during the yean l873-'76,"
Part I, by Ernst Hxckel ; " Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage uf II. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873-76,
Zoology," vol. iv. No. II, p. :02), and has not been recorded since its discovery up to the present. Ilxckel's account is based
on two specimens, both of which he ascribes to the deep sea, and places in a single species, challengeri. It is a remarkable fact
in the geographical distribution of this genus that a second species, or that described in this re]>ort, not only lives in northern
latitudes but at or very near the surface of the ocean.* From the iiules I learn that the medusa was captured on April 25.
The genus Nauphanta is a characteristic one, and is remarkable in the peculiar sculpturing of the
exuK.brella, the division of the umbrella on the exumbral side into a central and coronal or peripheral zone,
and the possession of eight tentacles alternating with the same number of sense-bodies.
Nauphanta Polaris sp. no v.
The umbrella, when observed laterally in profile, is seen to be irregularly conical, hat-shaped, with
inflated crown. The diameter of the largest specimen is 1.9 inches [48.26"""] ; that of the smallest a tiuarter
of an inch [6.35'""']. Color, " maroon, semi-transparent, the central part of the specimens appearmg almost
black."
The umbrella is superficially divided into two zones, as can be seen either from the exumbrella or later-
ally. The central zone (Fig. 2, liis. cent.) is called the zona centralis; the marginal, the zona coronalis or
corona. The central zone forms the crown of the hat-shaped umbrella, or its apical region, and is separated
from the corona by a ditch called the fossa coronalis (Fig. 2,/os. cor.). The zona centralis is nearly spherical,
slightly constricted near the apex, and has an opaque interior. The corona (cor.) forms that part of the
umbrella which is placed abaxially to the coronal fossa, by which it is separated froni the central zone. Its
surface is inclined at an angle of forty-five degrees to the axis of the medusa. It has an annular contour.
It bears on its peripheral border the tentacles (/<».), sense-bodies (sb ), and marginal lappets (mg, Ip.), known
also as patagia.
When seen either from the exumbrella or in profile laterally (Fig. 2), the corona is seen to be crossed
by sixteen radial incisions, which separate the same number of radial elevations extending from the fossa
(Jiffs, cor.) to the external margin of the umbrella.
These ridges or elevations (soc. ta. and soc. sb.) are known as socles.t and support alternately the tentacles
and sense-bodies. On the peripheral margin the socles are broader than in the vicinity of the coronal fossa,
and are therefore slightly wedge-shaped. In the sketches no difference was observed in the size (breadth)
of the tentacular (soc. ta.) and the socles of sense-bodies (soc. sb.). The specimens from which they were
drawn must have shown a marked difference in dimensions.
*I believe that Nauphanta is a surface genus. The genus Atolla, also ascrit>ed by Hxckel to deep water, has been found
again and again in the surface waters of the Gulf Stream by the U. S. Fish Commission steamer Albatross. The name Nau-
phanta was applied to a worm in 1876, and to a Medusa in 1879. By the law of priority a new name must be given to the Medusa.
J This term seems preferable to "sockels," a word introduced by the translator in Hseckel's Deep Sea Medusae of the
Challenger Expedition (op. ctl.).
!
EXPLANATION TO PLATE L
Vu;. I. Nauphania pohiris, Kcwkes. View from the oral region.
Kl<;. 2. Xauphanla, from one side.
(") l'''g. 1 a'i<l (^'') Eij,- - are corresixjncliiig regions of the medusa.
(Both of these drrtwings were made by 11, L. Gardiner.)
I:
The Udy Franklin Hay KxpcdiUuu, Vul. II.
Plate I.
,. mg.lfi
J^g.L
tiisnnt ~''^jli
ta..
>V.£.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
41
Each tentacular socle (soc. ta.) bears on the peripheral border a tentacle which alternates with a sense-
body. There are therefore e'ght • tentacles and eight sense-bodies, with the same number respectively of
tentacular socles and socles of the sense-bodies.
The marginal lappets {ntg. lj>.) hang almost vertically from the peripheral or abaxial end of the socles.
They are sixteen in number, and alternate with the tentacles and sense-bodies, bridging the incisions which
separate the tentacular socle from that of tho sense-body. Each marginal lappet is circular, composed jf
an outer, distal, thin region skirting an axial or basal thickened portion, which serves as its support and Uiiites
it to the margin of the umbrella. The basal region is penetrated by a simple, unbranched tube, blin'ly
ending on the distal end, and probably opening into a ring-shaped sinus, or sinus coronalis, at the proximal
or axial extremity. The region of the lappet which forms its outer end, or rim, is dotted in the sketch' as if
with a pigment of deeper color than the umbrella.
The tentacles [ta.) arise from a somewhat thickced base, into which runs a tube similar to that men-
tioned in the case of the marginal lappets. The tenuicles are eight in number, flexible, "eight-tenths of an
inch [20.32"'"'] in length." The peduncles of the eight sense-bodies [sl>.) are slender, penetrated by an
unbranched tube. No sense-capsules represented in the sketches.
Fig. I probably represents the medusa from the subumbral side, the quadrate central body {ga.) repre-
senti"g the stomach, and the ring of eight swollen spherical glands about it the ovaries (ov.), or spermaries.
The stomach, when seen from the subumbral side, is quadrangular, the angles of the square lying in the
sam'; radii as alternate sense-bodies. The union of the stomach with the wall of the subumbrella is in the
form of a cross with etjual arms. The lips are simple, without appendages. Flamentous bodies in the interior
of the stomach, inclosed by the four walls of the quadrant, as shown in Fig. 2, arc probably gastral filaments.
The diameter of the stomach is .65 of an inch [16.3. " j.
No visible representation of a division of the subumbrella into central disk and corona was observed.
The eight sexuid glands forming a zone immediately surrounding the stomach are regularly arranged,
the intervals being about eijual between them. Abaxially to this zone, in the position occupied by the great
subumbral coronal muscles of Atolla and Collaspis, we find a zone of parallel radial markings {mus, cor.),
which are identified as dividing lines which separa.e the bellies of the smaller muscles which together form
the large muscle.
3till more peripherally placed than the last zone, we can sea the abaxial extremities of the tentacular
socles through the transparent walls of t'.ie subumbrella, and outside of this zone is the zone formed by the
under sides of the marginal lappets {mg, Ip.). There can be little doubt that this medusa, if not the same as
N. chalkngeri, is closely allied to it. Nauphanta as a genus is so characteristic in the radial sculpturing of
the corona, and one sketch of the polar jelly-fish shows the structure in such a marked way, that 1 have not
hesitated to call the medusa from which the drawings were made a true Nauphanta. In the notes accom-
panying the sketches the medusa is doubtfully referred to Ptychogastria folaris, described by AUman ("Nar-
rative of a Voyage to the Polar Sea during 1875-76, in H. M. Ships Aleti and Disanrty" vol. ii, p. 292).
This suggestion I cannot entertain, for, if the description by AUman can be relied upon (as it undoubtedly
can), we find in P. polaris none of the characteristic coronal socles of the above description, and a much
larger number of tentacles in a smaller specimen. The marginal lappets of the two are very different in size,
number, and relative prominence. I cannot, therefore, accept the suggestion of the notes.
Confessecfiy, however closely the generic details of the structure agree in Nuuphanta chaUtngen and N.
polaiis, the profiles of thi two Medusae, as seen in the lateral views by Hreckel for the former, and by Sergeant
Gardiner for the latter, are v>-ry different. Let me call to mind, however, that Haeckel's sketch is from an
alcoholic specimen, while that of Gardiner's is from a live medusa. I believe, therefore, that the latter's
profile view (PI. I, Fig. 2) is more accurate than Haeckel's for general outline, and it certainly approaches
more closely what we have every reason to suspect would be the true form of the umbrella from the rela-
tionship of the genus to Periphylla, where the central zone is more prominent.
The diflference in profile between Haeckel's Nauphanta and the polar specimen is the main ground of
my separating the latter ua a new species.
In a reconsideration of what is written above, in the light of new studies of Periphylla which have been
made upon specimens of this genus collected by the Albatross, I am led to think that the Nauphanta polaris
* The notes also say that there are eight tentacles.
Nauphanta and Periphylla.
This is an important thing, as it is one of the few diflerences between
42
THE LA1>Y FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
is in some way connected with Periphylla. Either those who have captured the medusa of Steenstrup from
polar waters have not correctly noted the number of tentacles, and their Medusje are wrongly identified or
my Nauphanta polaris with eight tentacles is the medusa which they observed. It is also possible that in
the young stages Teriphylla has eight tentacles and eight sense-bodies.* This seems, however, improbable,
as there are many young specimens of Periphylla in my possession, which are smaller than that of Nauphanta
polaris, in whicli we have twelve tentacles arranged in four sets of three each and four sense-bodies. We
see, therefore, no reason to suppose tl.at N. polaris is the young of Periphylla, and every reason to adhere to
what is expressed above, that a new Nauphanta occurs in the icy waters of the Arctic.
NARCOMEDUSiK.
The Narcomedusae is the third of the four orders into which Haeckel divides the craspedote Medusje, or
those with a true velum. It includes jelly-fishes, with a hearing organ free on the rim of the bell, and with
entodermic otoliths. There aic seldom ocelli on the base of the tentacles, and the tentacles ordinarily arise
from the dorsal side of the umbrella and are connected to the margin by rib-like bodies by which this part
of the umbrella is divideil into a number of laiipets. Radial canals are sometimes present, and often want-
ing, when they are replaced by pouches from the stomach. Marginal canal ordinarily present, sometimes
absent, but when present forming a number of bow-shaped loops. The tentacles vary in number from two
to thirty-two. The Narcomedusa; are divided into four families, viz.: (i) CunanthidcR; (2) Pe^anthiiUe; (3)
yEginiilr; (4) Solmariilte.
The Lady Franklin Bay party found representatives of the .^ginidae and Solmaridae. Of the Sol-
maridae they collected Solm;"idus and Solmundella.
n .
Solmundella sp. ? •
h. specimen, the sketches of which by Sergeant (lardiner have characters of both Solmundella and
itlginella, was captu red in Discovery Harbor. As the most important, perhaps only, difference between the
two genera lies in the absence of peroneal canals and circular tube in Solmundella and their presence in
.(^iginoUa, and as thest structures may have been overlooked if they exist in this specimen, I cannot defi-
nitely identify this genus from the drawing. The bell is shaped like that of Solmundella and has two long
tentacles and e. ght stomach pouches. The umbrella is destitute of tubes. It is not possible to identify this
species from the incompleteness of my knowledge of the Arctic medusa.
Solmundus sp. ?
What has already been written of the tubes in the umbrella of Solmundella and .^giiella may be said
also of a Solmarid with four tentacles, closely allied to the above. If this specimen has peroneal and cir-
cular vessels it should be olaced in .'Egina, otherwise in Solmiuidus. As these structures are not represented
we must refer it to Solmundus, although the fact that yf-^gina is known to occur in the Arctic leads me to
su.spect that the somewhat inconspicuous tubes were overlooked in the specimen collected by the Lady
Franklin Bay Expedition.
Taoes are not represeni_d in the sketches (Lockwood, «?■<■/.), and I have placed the medi^a in the genus
Solmundus. It may, however, be the same as the ^gina pachy derma, Hseckel, which was first described
from near Nahant. Solmundella, or the form described above, may possibly be its younger stage of growth.
According to the notes the medusa when found had " a small shrimp (calanus ?) in its stomach," which
can easily be seen through the walls of the umbrella.
The specimen "has four tentacles, which, unHke others, spring from the outer surface (of the bell), and
have their roots about half way between the summit and base."
^gina cittca, Eschscholtz.'
Mr. Murdoch repeatedly took this medusa in the neighborhood of Point Barrow, Alaska.
* Lieutenant (Irecly notej that Nauphanta folaris of diflerent sizes, from a quarter of an inch [6.35"""] up to the size here
shown, were oliserved, and that the structural appearance of small and large examples were identical. Specimens obtaineil were
kept in glass di-lics so that their niovement?! and structure could be seen from all standpoints. .Specimens obtained lived many
days when kept in sea water occasionally renewed.
(I
THH LADY FRANKLIN BAY KXI'KDITIUN.
m
f
TRACi.:OMEDUS/E.
Aglaniha digitalis, Haeckel.
This beautiful medusa, common in the Arctic, is found as far south as Newport, R. I. In the cold
waters of the coast of Nova Scotia it is common.
Aglantha camtschatica, Haeckel. '
This species is found in that part of the Arctic adjoining Point Barrow.
I'
CRASPEDOTA.
A number of hydroid Medusae was taken by the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition, but in most instances
it was impossible for me to identify even the families. This group of Medusae, always the richest in number
of genera in all surface fishing, is also found in greater numbers in the polar regions. A few of the more
important genera and species of free hydroid Medusae are introduced as a help to the future monographer of
the Arctic hydrozoa. The fixed hydroids known to inhabit Arctic waters are omitted.*
The only craspedote medusa which could be, with any degree of certainty, identified was a species of
Ttara referred to T, conifera, Haeckel.
Tiara conifera, Haeckel.
Two good sketches of a medusa referred to this species were made by Sergeant Gardiner. They agree
with Haeckel's description in the most particulars. Freckel says, however, that the type has from twenty-four
to thirty-two tentacles. S.;rgeant Gardiner's sketches represent at least forty-eight of these structures.
T, conifera is probably a variety of the highly variable T. pileata, L. Ag.
The notes mention that with the medusa, which is here referred to 71 conifera, there was a specimen
"like it, with four large and numerous small tentacles, but without projections at the top." I offer the sug-
gestion that this is the young of T, conifera, and likewise of the Oceania turrita, Forbes, both of which, with
O. ociona, Forbes, are probably one species and young of T.pileita.
Although the O. furrita has four tentacles, it has a large apical prominence, and must be regarded as
older than Greely's Tiara with four large tentacles. In the genera Stomatoca and Dinetnatella, where a
similar apical conical projection is found in the adult, we know that it is absent in the young, and the same
condition is probably true in Tiara conifera.
The type specimen of T, conifera was collected in Greenland.
FREE HYDROID MEDUS/E KNOWN TO INHABIT THE ARCTIC.
In addition to the list of Medusae here given there are many others which probably live in the cold
waters of the Arctic. We are justified in saying this from the fact that we are acquainted with a number of
hydroids from this region, and among them there are genera which hjive known free Medusae. As the Lady
Franklin Bay party did not collect a single hydroid I have not deemed it warrantable to consider these
hydroids.
The following hydroid Medusae have been collected in the Arctic and adjacent waters. Those with a
star prefixed to the generic name were found in the neighborhood of Point Barrow, Alaska, the remainder
from the neighborhood of Greenland :
Codonium princeps, Haeckel. Bougainvillea superciliaris, L. Agassiz.
*Sarsia rosaria, Haeckel. Tliaumantias eschschoUzii, Haeckel.
Sarsia mirabilis, L. Agassiz. Obelia diaphana, AUman.
Pandcea saltatoria. Fab. (?). Stomobrachiuin tcntacuhiium, Ij. Agassiz.
Tun-is digitalis, Forbes. Staurostoma antica, Haeckel.
Turris episcopalis, Fewkes. • Gcmmaria.
Catablcma campanula, Hreckel. Polycanna groenlandica, Haeckel.
Catablema cury stoma, Haeckel. Ptychogastria polaris, Allman.
Melicertum campanula, A. Agassiz. * Staurophora mertensii, Brandt.
• (lenera of Liiccriiariaiis, wliicli have l)een recorded from the Arctic, are also omitted froi i the list of Acraspeda, where they
would properly be recorded. This paper considers thp lloatini; medusan life only.
44
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
SIPHONOPHORA. '
The cold waters of the coast of New England are peopled by a large Siphonophore, to the young of
which A. Agassiz gave the name of Natiomia cam. This animal, which is very abundant at times in tht
Bay of Fundy, is probably that referred to in the following note: "April 24, 1884. — I also caught a rope-
like collection of organisms which was over a foot long [over .3"']. They were of blood color, part light or
ruby, and part like clotted bloo<l. They moved through the water with a sinuous motion like that of a slug-
gish snake. They fell apart in the net and separated very readily. Possibly they are eggs of young
Medusae, say of No. 2. There was some gelatinous substance intermixed with them." Since my preliminary
report on the Lady Franklin Bay Medus.'e was published, I have been able to carefully study the anatomy
of the Nanomia of A. Agassiz, and shall elsewhere publish an account of the pecularities of this Siphonophore.
My studies support what has already been written by me on the supposed Siphonophore collected by Lieu-
tenant Greely. The Physophore collected by the Lady Franklin Bay party is probably the same as the
Agalmopsis {Nanomia) earn (A. Ag.), Fewkes, recorded from Robeson Channel dv Dr. E. L. Moss (' On the
Surface Fauna of the Arctic Seas,' ybitrn, Linn. Soc, vol. xiv. p. 122.
EpilmUa sp.
A species of Epibulia is found in the waters of Greenland,
west coast near Robeson Channel.
An unknown Diphyes is also found on the
CTENOPHORA.
Lesueuria, Edwards.
The following notes are thought to refer to the genus Lesueuria :
"April 24, i88j. — I caught to-day a very large medusa, 5 inches [127'""'] long by 2^ inches [63.50"""] wide. It was of the
most delicate character, and fell to pieces while the doctor was getting it into alcohol. I had it drawn by Lieutenant Lockwood,
It hp.d two sjiots of smoke-color at the upper end, which was pointed like a melon. Indeed, the shape was that of a melon,
except that the lower end was, as you may say, cut off. There were eight ribs (combs), which were of smoke-color, and which,
as far as the lower end went, were simply a succession of annular formations that presented a serrated appearance on either side.
There appeared to be two large stomachs. The animal was transparent everywhere, except the ribs and spots and the thread-like
outline of the stomachs. Occasionally from the tentacles iridescent colors, with purple shades predominating, were seen."
The last sentence in the above notes would indicate that tlie Cteiiophore here described does not belong
to Beroe, which genus the sketch closely resembles. Neither notes nor sketches are exact enough to deter-
mine whether the " tentacles " are true tentacles or auricles. I suspect from the " iridescent colors" that
auricles and not tentacles were observed by the writer of the notes. If auricles or tentacles are present, the
Ctenophore is not a Beroe.
Boiina, Mertens.
A sketch which, as far as it goes, points to the genus Boiina is supposed to belong to this genus known
to frequent Arctic waters.
The following notes confirm this belief:
" Saddlebags " (a good characterization of the form of Boiina when seen in certain conditions),
"Found May 21, 1883. — The fuzzy edges (combs), iridescent and eight in number, extend only half the length of the animal,
where they give place to an extension in the form of a thin dark-brown line (chymiferous tubes) running tcj the lower extremity.
.Specimen 3 inches (length),"
It is probable that this Boiina is the same as that observed in 1671 near Spitsbergen by Mertens, a
pioneer in the study of the C/i?«f///t'/'rt. • '■
Mertensia ovum (?), Mcirch.
A good drawing (Gardiner, del.) of a tentaculated Ctenophore, allied to M. <nmm^ is found in the col-
lection, with accompanying notes :
"Length (antero-posterior axis), :,l inch; width Hateral axis), .7 inch; thickness (shorter lateral axis), .5 inch. Color
white, semi-transparent. The fringes (combs) iridescent. Trail cirrhi (tentacles) a delicate pink. The ball (l>ody) in the center,
orange, tipped with red "
Pleurohrachia rlwdodadyla, (Ag.).
Beroe roseola, (Ag.).
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
45
REMARKS ON UNKNOWN MEDUSAE.
Sketches Nos. 9 and 10.
I find myself unable to make out enough of the stiucture in sketches la, ib, ic, 2, 3, and 6 (Lock-
wood, (/f/.) to determine the genus of Medusae from which they were drawn with any accuracy. Figs, la,
ic, and 6 are undoubtedly from a Tubularian hydroid, and 3 is probably either the Ephyra or adult of a
Discophore. In regard to 2 I have no opinion to express.
NOTES.
I find myself unable to identify the Medusae mentioned in the following notes
No. II.
" Another, no drawing, something like No. 4, Gardiner, del., [The Medusx drawn by Sergeant Gardiner, No. 4, printed No. 7,
is probably Bolina, which has only two true tentacles and four auricles, which are possibly the bodies menti<ined as tentacles.
The four auricles with the two tentacles together would make six tentacles mentioned in the notes.] except (there are) two solid
lines and four large tentacles instead of three lines and six tentacles, is nearly crown-shaped, and has two lines which, running
from edge tcf edge, cross each other through the summit. There is a small yellow spot tilling in between the lines and the
summit. There are four tentacles, the extensions of the dividing lines, and numerous small ones."
If the " two lines which, running from edge to edge, cross each other through the summit," are, as I
suspect, rows of "combs," and if there are only four of these rows (viz, two pairs) on the surface of the
body, this is a new genus. •'
No. 12.
I have no opinion to express in regard to the generic name of the Medusae found during the winter
in water drawn from " tide-hole." They are, according to the notes, found in large numbers and are phos-
phorescent. " I doubt," writes Lieutenant Greely, " if they were more than one-twentieth of an inch [1.27"""]
in diameter, and the only color visible was a faint brownish spot."
• No. 13.
Lieutenant Lockwood saw, at the head of Archer Fiord, 65 miles SSW. of Fort Conger, large numbers
of Medusae which appeared to be of the same kind. Sergeant Brainard, who was with him, also saw them
in numbers. Lieutenant Lockwood brought back (to Fort Conger) one of these, which was "round, or
nearly so, and about ten inches [254"'"] in diameter. It had a dark yellowish color." This may be an
Acraspedote medusa, but it is not possible for me to tell to what genus it belongs.
The following Medusae were collected by the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition : •
1. Nauphanta polarii, Fewkes.
2. Solmun(iella(}),
3. Solmundus (?).
4. Ttara conifera, Hreckel.
5. Physophore (?). Agalmopsis {Nanomia) cara
(A.Ag.). , .
6. Lesueuria sp. (?)
7. Bolina sp. (?)
8. Mertensia ovum, Morch.
9-13. Other Medusae of doubtful affinities.
Sketches and notes insufficient for identi-
fication.
.i
ECHINODERMATA, VERMES, CRUSTACEA, AND PTEROPOD MOLLUSCA.
Appendix No. 133.
By J. Walter Fewkes.
A few notes and sketches of marine animals, Echinoderms, Crustacea, Molliisca, and Vermes, were
sent me for identification by Lieutenant (Ireely. From these, in some instances, I am able to hazard a sug-
gestion of the name of the animal from which they were made. In no case has it been possible to identify
the species without doubt, and in many instances I have simply edited the original notes. It is already
known that a rich and varied fauna of lower animals peoples the Arctic at high latitudes, and many have
been collected in even more northern waters than those of Lady Franklin Bay. It is thought, however,
that some of the animals here recorded have never before been observed so far north. I regret that it
was impossible that specimens could not be sent me for examination.
The animals here mentioned, unless other localities are indicated, were taken at Fort Conger, lat.
81° 44' N.; long. 64°45' ^^- They were for the most part collected in the "tide-hole." I have endeavored
to transcribe the notes Utemtim even when scientific terms are not used lest I should intrude my interpreta-
tions too much in the report. The sketches were made by Sergeant Gardiner. The animals were col-
lected, unless otherwise mentioned, by Lieutenant Greely, by whom also most of the notes were written.
The whole collection was made between May 17 and June 8, 1883.
As Mr. John Murdoch* has gone over the literature of Arctic and boreal invertebrates and given a
complete bibliography, it does not seem necessary for me to duplicate his list since the works consulted are
practically the same.
It is an interesting fact that several species of invertebrates which are recorded from Point Barrow are
also found in Lady Franklin Bay.
ECHINODERMATA. .
AsTEROiDA. V a.xm\y Ophiurida. / Op/iiop/iolis aculeata, Gray.
The only member of the Asteroidea recorded is a brittle-star closely related to the highly variable
Ophiopholis aculeata, Gray. The figure also resembles Ophiocoma.
Drawing Q, No. 11,
Collected May 23, 1883.
HoLOTHURioiDEA. C/urodota IcetIs, Ths,?
An unknown Holothurian is figured among the sketches. There are a few notes, but not enough to
shed much light on its aftlnities. The drawing closely resembles a specimen of Chirodota Levis, Fbs., in the
Museum of Comparative Zoology at Cambridge. The specimen referred to is from Greenland. Myriotro-
chm Hinkii, St., is recorded by several observers from the Arctic.
Drawing T, No. 14.
Collected May 23, 1883.
* Report of '
-national T'olar Expedition to Point Barrow, Alaska.
b»K- , .~
48
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY KXPKDITION.
VERMKS.
* Annelida. Ch^.tognatha. Sacitta, sp. (?)
Good figures of a transparent worm show that it belongs to the well-known Saf^tta, which has been
recorded by several naturalists from the Arctic. The species is not the same as S. bipunctata Q. & G., and
is different from the New England species, S. elcgans, Verr.
Moss • says of Arctic Sagittai :
"Sagitta; were also common Imlh there (Smith's Sound) ami in Haffin's Sea. They dlflcred so slightly from the univenal
"bipunctata" of Quoy and (iaimard, that I include them in that species. They were, however, spineless, except for the seta- on
the lateral tins. In southern Sagi//ir the spines, as Mr. Husk ol)scrves, are very easily detached and are often absent in preservcil
specimens; but amongst the several large specimens captured uninjured in Melville Hay, I failed to lind either spines or the
bulbs from which they usually spring. Two varieties were captured, differing only in the shape of the caudal tin; in the one it
was continuous, in the other interrupted at the tip. The fins arc sometimes different on either side of the animal. It is worthy
of remark th.itthe rays of the tins occur in double series closely applied to each other; one set is sometimes seen inclined or
bent in a direction not parallel to those aliove or below, I have since seen this double character in Sngiltir from the South Pacific.
The cephalic hooklets are twelve in number. The anterior denticles of Krohn were four to six and the jxwterior eighteen to
twenty. The corneal cells surrounding the ophthalmic pigment-ix)ints formed a continuous circle and were not broken into three
groups as in the .Sagitta described by Huxley."
The figures of a Sagitta made by Gardiner are probably of one of those mentioned above, although as
before mentioned not ^9. bipunctata, Q. & G. The "spines" on the sides of the body are present in the young
only of S. eUgans and are lost in the adult. These structures are not figu.ed in the Suj^itta collected by
Lieutenant Greely. The lateral fins of Greely's Sagitta closely resemble those of a large undescribed
Sagitta which is found at Eastport, Me. The following notes accompany the drawings :
" Length, 1.2 inches [30.48"""] ; width of broadest part, .2 inch [5.08"""]. Color, transparent white, with red to brown
eyes. Dark line marks the intestinal tract."
The drawing shows that the lateral fins begin just back of the head and increase regularly in size
(breadth) backward about two-thirds the distance from head to tail, at which point they suddenly contract
in breadth to the lateral wall of the body. Lateral fins longer tiian in bipunctata.
Drawing B.
Collected May 17, 1883.
Pgi.ych^bta. Family, Polynoidx. ? Harmothoe inibricata, Linn.
Among the Polynoidae collected by the Alert are specimens of//, imbricata, Linn. Several genera of
Polynoidte occur in Greenland. One of the most common of these is the genus Folynlie. A drawing of a
I'olynoid worm closely resembles H. imbricata and also P. scabra (Fab.) Sav, I cannot from the drawing
identify this worm.
Drawing I, No. 2.
Collected May 20, 1883, by Private Long.
Family, Phyllodoceid^. Phyllodoce sp. (?).
A drawing of an active worm, which has head and cephalic appendages like those of the genus Phillodoce,
occurs in the collection. There are two eyes as in Phyllodoce, but the remaining organs are too imperfectly
figured for identification. " Each fin has spots of red on it. The worm is generally transparent with an
opatjue green stripe of most brilliant shade which extends nearly the whole length of the body." The last-
mentioned structure is probably the intestine.
Drawing U, No. 20.
Collected May 24, 1883.
Phyllodoce sp. (?).
There are notes and a sketch of a PhyllodoceAWe worm of a different species from the above,
species could not be determined.
Drawing P. No. 10.
Collected May 23, 1883.
The
•:
* Preliminary Notice on the Surface Fauna of the Arctic Seas as observed in the recent Aictic Expedition.
Soc, xiv, p. 124.
Proc. Linn,
1
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
4d
,
Family, Opheleida:. A mmo/r}/ane au/ogasfer, H. KsiMte,
The notes on this worm are as follows:
"Length, i.i inchei [27.94'"'"]. Body smooth, composed ofa multitude of minute rings. latenally towoid the head » red
lubstance appears, whic! becomes darlc green and u|>a(iue near the tail and shows iridescence, A double ridge runs usdcineath the
animal along the whole length, Trom which extends the fins."
Drawing R, No. 12. ' :'
Collected May 23, 1883.
Family, TerebelliD/*, gen. incog.
Drawings S and W are apparently the same annelid and members of the family of Terebellid^e.
Collected May 24 and 25, 1883.
Family, SvLLiDi*. Chatosyllis OersfeiU, Malm.
The following notes and a good drawing lead me to suppose that the genus Chatosyllis was observed
by the party :
Color, dark red or brown. The body has ten lobes (pam|HMlin ?) on each side. From these lobes project a countless num-
ber of fine hairs (larger spines of dorsal ramus), also alx>ut a dozen claws (smaller spines from the ventral ramus) an<l a long
(dorsal) and a short (ventral) tentacle (cirrus).
The tentacles (cirri) are fonned as though a number of balls were attached together and strung out in a line. Froiii the
two lobes comprising the head there extends a lubed tentacle from each. These as well as the other projections (dorsal and
ventral cirri) can contract at will. Eyes very dark red. Length, •('i,-inch [2.54'"'"]. This is the size of the specimen drawn. A
note by Lieutenant Greely reads that there are others about ^^-inch [12.7'"'"] long.
Although this description does not wholly coincide with the description of Chatosyllis by Malmgren, there is every prob-
ability that they are of the same genus of Annelids.
Drawing H, No. i.
Connell saw a similar worm at Distant Cape.
Collected May 20, 1883.
Family, NEPHXHYiDiB, gen. incog.
A fragment of a worm which could not be identified is figured.
The worm has a head shaped like Ncphthys and has four cephalic tentacles. The form of the body
differs greatly from the known species of Ncphthys, and from its mutilated condition I cannot identify the
genus. N, coeca (Fab.) occurs in the Arctic.
Drawing F, No. 3.
Collected May 22, 1883.
CRUSTACEA.
SCHIZOPODA. Family, il/ywV/iJ. J/ym o«//a/a(?), O. Fab.
Two sketches ofa Mysis which resembles the above are found in the collection (PI. II, figs. 5, 6). The
species is possibly M. Rayii, Murdoch.
Collected June 8, 1883.
IsopoDA. Arcturus Baffini, Sabine, var. Feildeni (Miers).
Two good drawings ofa crustacean which appears to be the above are found in the collection.
Drawing A.
Collected May 17, 1883.
Amphipoda. Gammaracanthus loricatus (Sab.), Sp. Bate.
"C^awwarr/j /(?r»Va/«f,'' Sp. Bate. (/«/^ Greely and Gardiner).
Gammaracanthus loricatus and Gammarus locusta (Lin.), J. C. F., are both common in the Arctic. I
suppose the identification " G. loricatus" refers to the former.
Drawing wanting. Notes E.
Collected May, 1883.
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 1
50
TUE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXI'EDITION.
Rluuhotropis acultata (I.epech.) Smitli.
" Triliflpis (uulfiitii" lUtck or " Talitnts Eiinuirdsii^' {teste Greely). According to notes it iliffers from the
latter as follows : (i) Tail has three "bifid plates." (2) Third pair of posterior legs very much longer liian
first or second. (3) Five joints in third pair of legs. {4) Reddish brown specks on body and legs, with
dark brown and purple on the tail instead of red spots in the same places.
Drawing wanting. Notes K.
Captured May 21, i88j.
Red Cross Shrimp.
The name " Red Cross Shrimp " given by Lieutenant Greely and the men. Private Schneider found
the same at Cape Heechey. 'I'he following notes were made of this crustacean:
"Color, l)rownish red. Legs, nine pairs, five [wirs in front and four In rear; the last of the pair of lejjs coK>re(l red or
brown.* Tail four articuK-vted, with several lonj; li.iirs at extremity. Body: the lirst division forms two-thinU of the length
of the body ; the reniaininu jjortions being separated into four small divisions. Head small, rounded, with one pair of anleniue
extending from below the eyes, which are fully us long as the body. Kyes ap|iurenUy colorless. Size, .08 inch long "
Figure wanting. Notes C.
Captured May 19, 1883.
MOLLUSCA.
Pteropoda. Clione fapilUonacca (hotea/is), Pallas,
A pteropod of the genus Cliotir was found.
This mollusk is reported by Major F'cildcn, R. A., not to liave been found north of Cape Sabine.
Drawing D, No. 5.
Collected May 22, 1883.
Hyalea {Cavolina) tndentata. Lam.
Hyalea tridentata, Laroark [teste Dr. Pavy),
Taken from stomach of P hoca fixtida.
Drawing wanting. Notes G.
Collected May 20, 1883. "
TUNICATA.
Salpa (?)
The chain of animals which I have mentioned among the physophore Medusie may be a catenated
form of Salpa. I reaffirm my former opinion that it is a Siphonop'ore.
Mossf speaks of Nanomia cava (A. Ag.), as being found in Robeson Channel, and probably the animal
recorded by Lieutenant Greely (see my report on the Medusae) is a jelly-fish identical with that called
Nanomia by Moss. The statement that the medusa is of the genus Nanomia is a wild guess. There is
much more reason to refer it to Agalmopsis, but from the little which is known of it nothing more than
that it is a physophore can be said. The Agalmopsis of Sars was found in high northern latitudes by its
discoverer.
*It is possible some of these may be swimmers. — Lieut. Greei.v.
t Preliminary Notice on the Surface Fauna of the Arctic Seas, as observed in the recent Arctic Expedition. Prcc, Linn. Soc,
xiv,p. 124.
THE LAUY FUANKMN BAV EXPEDITION.
51
SPECIMENS OnTAlNED BY THE LADY FRANKt.lN BrlY EXPEDITIOS.
Unless otlicrwise stated the specimens were obtained from tlie "tide-hole" at Fort Conger, 8i° 44' N.,
64° 45' W. 'I'lie deptii of the water at low tide wasahout H feet [i.4"'| and at high tide about 14 feet [4.3""|.
May 17, i88j (H): " I caught to-day an organism which from the to|) view resembles a very small fish
without fins. The specimen is substantially transjiarent, being of almost colorless white, except two small
eyes which are of a reddish-brown color, and a dark line which probably marks the intestinal organs of the
animal."
Sagilta sp.
May 20, i88j (I) : " Private Long caught an annelid in the 'tide-hole' to-day, which has been figured
by (lardiner and described by me. The specimen, shortly after it was brought into the quarters while still
in the sea-water in a shallow dish, commenced shedding scales from its back and, after casting the most of
them, died."
(/) Ilarmothoe imbricata (/), L.
May 24, 1883(11): "Caught a number of extremely active annelids all of the same species, in the 'tide-
hole.' They varied from .4 to .6 of an inch [10.16 to 15.24'""'] in length. From near the black eyes, which
are striking in color (?), numerous tentacles extend on either side. Tiic worm is generally transparent with
an opaque green stripe of a most brilliant shade which extends nearly the whole length of the body. Each
fin has spots of red upon it."
Phyllodoce [?)
May 24, 1883 (\V): "Caught a specimen which somewhat resembles specimen lately caught (S). It
seems to be of the order Pteropoda. I thought it to be in a diseased condition at first, but later concluded
that the sacs or excrescences must be eggs, which are yellowish-white, four-tenths of an inch fio. 16"'°'] long.
The yellow near the head was speckled with red, and a short distance below the. head was a protruding sac
or excrescence of a reddish color."
TerebelUda, gen. incog.
Specimen obtained by Lieutenant Greely; others procured about J^ inch [12.70'""'] long.
Specimen is -^ of an inch [2.54"""] in length; color, dark red or brown.
The body has ten lobes on either side. From these lobes project a countless number of fine hairs, also
about a dozen claws (J>) and a long and a short tentacle.
The tentacles are formed as though a number of balls were attached together and strung out in a line.
From the two lobes comprising the head there extends a lobed tentacle from each. These as well as
the other projections.
The eyes, which are very dark red, the animal caa contract at will.
May 21, 1883. — H. S. Gardiner.
May 20, 1883 (H): ' I caught a new annelid in the 'tide-hole' to-day. Connell states that he saw a
similar one in the 'tide-hole' at Distant Cape. The specimen has been figured by Sergeant Gardiner from
under the microscope, and his drawing verified by me."
Chatosyllis oerstedi^ Malm.
Of (A) my notes say, under date of May X7, 1883 : " Caught in the ' tide-hole' a few days since what I
take be a variety of the species Arcturus baffini. It has, however, four long legs which are only one-half
the length (1.5 inches [38.io'^"»]) of the antennae (3.0 inches [76.20""'"]), and three times the length of the
body. -Sergeant Gardiner has made a very careful drawing which is substantially to scale."
May — , 1883 (E): "Caught a new crustacean, which, after careful comparison by Gardiner and myself
under magnifying glass and microscope, -ve decided to agree with Gammants hricatus as in ' Parry's First
Voyage.'" ("E" not figured.)
1 11
62
THE LADY FRANKLI.^ BAY EXPEDITION.
Gammaracanthus lorkatus (Sab.) sp. Bate.
May 21, 1883 (K) (not figured): "Long caught in the 'tide-hole' to-day a crustacean which seems
to me to be one of the Amphipoda tritropis aculeata or Talitrus Rdwardsii. It is figured as the latter in
appendix to ' Parry's First Voyage,' page 233, Figs, i and 4. The following are the only differences I can
detect after < areful examination: The tail consists, as the description says, of three bifid plates, but the
drawing has four. In our specimen the third pair of posterior legs is not only somewhat longer but very
much longer than the first and second pairs. In the drawing this third pair of legs has only four joints or
articulations, but this certainly has five. The color is white, as stated in Parry's description, but instead of
red spots this one has reddish brown specks on body and legs with a blackish brown intermingled in places
with a purplish t'.ige on the tail."
Rhachotropis aculeata (Lepech) Smith. " Tritropis aculeata or Talitrus Edivardsii."
May 19, 1883 (C) (no figure): "A small crustacean, evidently of the shrimp species, was caught by
me in quarters to-day. It is not uncommon, and when seen in the water resembles a scarlet spot. From
the seeming shape of the spot I call it the 'Red Cross ' shrimp, as do the men. (Private Schneider caught
one of this species a few dayN later at Cape Beechey.) The shrimp was examinc>i by Sergeant Gardiner
under the microscope and is thus described : ' Color, brownish red; legs, nine pairs, five pairs in front and
four in rear; the last of the pair of legs colored red or brown (note by Lieutenant Greely at the time. It is
possible some of these may be swimmers) ; tail, four-articulated with several long hairs at extremity ; body,
the first division forms two-thirds of the length of the body, the remaining portions being separated into four
small divisions; head small and rounded, with one pair of antenna extending from below the eyes, which
are fully as long as the body; eyes apparently colorless; size .08 inch [2.03"""] long.'"
" Red Cross " shrimp.
Clione bokealis, Pailas. " HvaL/EA tridentata," Lam.
May 22, 1883 (D): 'I caught in the 'tide-hole' a moUusk of the order Pteropoda, probably Limacina
or Clio borcalis, I am doubtful o!" this, as Major Feilden, R. A., « iiile reporting it to be common farther
south, says that it has not been seen north of Cape Sabine. The doctor states that the above specimen is a
medusa, and so I suppose I am in error in considering it a mollusk."
May J.0, 1883 (G) (not figured) : " In the stomach of the seal killed to-day (F/ioca foetida) was found
a small semi-transparent shell of an amber yellow color, which the doctor thinks possibly to be, as he says,
'that of a moll'isk'; Pteropoda hyalcea tridentata, Lamarck. As this mollusk is not found in Greenland,
the fact would be interesting as showing the distribution (?) either of the mollusk or of this particular seal."
:i: -J.c
i[ t
EXPLANATION TO PLATE IL
Fig. I. Unknown Ophiuran, OfhiophcHs acukala Gray. Drawing Q, No. IL
Flo. 2. Unknown Hoiotliurmn, Chirodcta or Myriotrochus. Drawing T, No. 14.
Fig. 3. Clione boicalis, larva? Drawing D, No. 5.
Fig. 4. Arcturus. Baffin,; Sabine, var. Feildeni? Miers. a, walking legs; b, antennx.
Figs. 5, 6. Mysis ocutata O. Fab.
(All figures drawn by Gardiner,)
Drawing A.
M
The Udy Kranklin Bay Expedition, Vol. 11.
Plate II.
EXPLANATION TO PLATE IIL
Fig. I. Solatia. View from above. Drawing r>.
Fig. 2. Same, from one side.
Fig. 3. Unknown genu.s allied to Ktflilhys. Drawing F, No, 3.
Figs. 4, 5, 6. Unknown genera of Chivtopods. (/;) Fig. C. Ivia;;nified snine of Fig. 6.
P'IG. 7. Harmothoc?, possibly I-epiilonolw. Drawing \, No. 2.
Fig. 8. Ammotrypanc auloj;asle)\\\.V^^\.\^c. Drawing R, No. 12.
Fig. 9. TcrchclliJit. Gen. incog. Drawings S and IL
Fig. 10. f Phyllodoce. A. Section througli the body, showing {a) dorsal, (/<) ventral parapodia. Drawing U, No. 20.
(All figures drawn by Gardiner.)
ift
The Lidy Franklin Ray Expedition, Vol. II.
Plate III.
(■
^•^^
'"IB^
^->^^ $>■ ~1 ^^^
fi
iii f
I! I
EXPLANATION OF THE PL. FES.
The scanty notes and sketches from which the preceding papt. .o ^vritten have a value more especially
from the fact that the animals from which they were made were found so far north. When the account was
written, it was not thought that the sketches, with the exception of those of Nauphanta, would be published.
As several of the sketches could not be referred to known genera, it has seemed well to reproduce them for
the use of future explorers. It is, of course, recognized that better figures of several of the genera from
which these were made have already been published, but it is thought that a reproduction of the sketches
may have a value from the fact that they were made from animals which live in soch high latitudes. The
fact that the author of the preceding paper is unable to identify the animals from which the sketches were
drawn does not mean that others may not recognize them. Imperfect sketches, like imperfect notes, are
sometimes of great value. The figures are exact copies of the original sketches, which is the material used
in the preparation of the paper.
53
\\
■ \ ■*V:;
U i
THOUT CAUGHT I. ,,ke ALEXANn.A.
'P + 81° 40'
Bv Dr. T. H. Beav
'.U.S. FISH COMMISSION.
and bears considerable resemblance to if ''"^'"^ ^"^ ^""''^ia Feh '"^J°f''". '^ ^Pecies which h, !
"'^'nly because of the lack of ' '"'"oration about the q.. '^''''' "^^" you"s Th
55
1
!
^^N^W ill p*il I" .
^
i9
MOLLUSCA.
Appendix No. 134.
Ill
1
Many kinuj of shells were found iu the vicinity of Fort Conger as well as in adjacent valleys— The
Bellows, Black Rock Vale, &c. The collections of shells made from time to time were turned over to the
naturalist of the expedition, whose notes contain no description or reference to them.
These collections were packed and carefully stored at Fort Conger with other specimens. My private
journal contains notes and drawings of several shells, but unfortunately include only such as were collected
by me in 1883, during the few weeks in which it was possible tc make a collection of marine specimens.
After June i, when water first commenced to find its way in the " tide-hole," I found it impracticable to obtain
anything, as marine life seemed to withdraw, very probably owing to increasing temperature and decreasing
salinity caused by the influx of melted snow from the land. The specimens have been v ry kindly identified
by Mr. William H. Dall, curator of mollusks, U. S. National Museum.
"The determinations made from drawings to scale by Sergeant Hampden S. (lardiner at Fort Conger," says Mr. Dall, "in
some cases must be a little uncertain in tliC absence of the specimens."
There were several very minute shells which could not be drawn without great trouble and under the
microscope, and were omitted.
1. Lilorifia gromlandka. Beck, if so, very large.
Obtained alive from tide-holi, depth of one fathom [1.8'"] at low water. Extreme length of shell 0.7
inch [17.78"""].
2. A.foraminifer.
Found in "tide-hole" a depth of one fathom; dead; greatest diameter .03 inch [0.76"""].
3. The very young shell of a Chrysodomus, just out of the egg capsule, the species indeterminable.
Dead; greatest length, .04 inch [1.02'""']; least width, .025 inch [0.64"""].
4. Perhaps Leda portlandka, but very doubtful; drawing insufficient.
Found alive ; drawing thought unsatisfactory both by Sergeant Gardiner and myself. From comparison
of specimen with "Niicuhi portUi)idica,i;AdXQ ZTi^ 2i^^ '^•'"1 3/', Belcher's Last of Arctic Voyages," the two
seemed to my inexperienced eye to be identical. Specimens were found also on land at an elevation of
about two hundred feet [61"'].
5. PecUn [Psfudamussiiim) granlandicus, Sky.
Found on land near Fort Conger at elevation not exceeding 200 feet [61"']. Living specimens also
obtained from "tide-hole."
6. A:tiirtc probably, but too defective to determine, though the drawing is good.
Thought by me at Conger from descriptions and drawings to be Astarte lacka. Found at Proteus
Point one mile south of station, at an elevation of 400 feet [122""]. This specimen was selected for draw-
ing as being in good condition; others were found to a 1,000 feet [305"'] elevation above the sea-level.
7. Probably Saxkava antka, L.
From Black Rock Vale 600 feet [183"'] above, and ten or twelve miles from the sea. Very many
specimens of this kind were found, both in The Bellows and ]ilack Rock Vale as well as on the summits of
the adjacent hills, some being obtained as high as 2,000 feet [610"'] above the present sea-level. Specimens
of this shell were not found in the immediate vicinity of Fort Conger.
8. Fragment of Mya arenaria or M, truncata, L.
cr
U't
58
TUB LADY lEANKLlN BAY EXrEUlTlON.
Found from near the sea to an elevation of i,ooo feet |305"'J, in the vicinity of Fort Conger.
9. Indeterminate fragment.
Many fragments of this undetermined species were found from the sea to 1,000 feet [305'"] elevation.
The shell was different from all others, but no whole specimen was ever obtained.
in, Foram'mifcr {J).
P'ound in tide-hole; diameter measured under microscope about .001 inch [.03"""]. Very delicate, and
crumbled on exposure to dry air.
11. VroXiASAy Mai\:;iXiita luikiiia. Sky.
12. Probably young Astartc: the species probably a jjarasiiic liydroid.
Color, orange and red; a number of small spines projecting from surface of shell. Found in "tide-hole."
Similar shells found on adjacent land. Decidedly differing from No. 6.
13. Trkhotropis Iwiralis, Sky.
Specimen alive; from "tide-hole." Color, dingy white; length, .04 inch [1.02"""].
14. I'robably Foramiitifcr.
Dead; from "tide-hole." Diameter, .07 inch [1.52"""]; color, dead white.
On May 20, 1883, Dr. Pavy found in the stomach of a fiord seal {Phoca fa-tida) a piece of a semi-
transparent, amber-yellow shell, which he thought was of a mollusk Pteropoda, Hyaha trU,iitufii, J^amarck.
The n;oIlusk referred to, as far as I could learn at Fort Conger, is not found in Greenkjul.
Dr. Pa\y also picked up near the summit of Sugar Loaf a fossil shell; elevation above llic sea about
1,300 feet 1396'"].
I think it within boimds to estimate the different sjiecies of mollusk which were gathered near Fort
Conger at thirty to thirty-five.
Mr. Dall also identified a few moUusks collected in IJuchanaii Strait, near Camp Clay, in the spring of
1SS4, viz, Margarita uinhilkolis, Mar^anta hclkiiui, \i ax. campiinulata, Mya tnmcata.
'■>i
ASTRONOM ICAL OBSERVATIONS.
Appendix No. 135.
A large number of astronomical observations were made at Fort Conger, not only to accurately deter-
mine the position of the station, but also in coancction with the magnetic and pendulum work. These
observations have been carefully examined and reduced by Assistant C. A. Schott, U. S. Coast and Geo-
detic Survey, and will be found satisfactorily treated by him in the magnetic observations.
Tlie chief of each extended sledge expedition was carefully trained in the method of his proposed
observations by Sergeant Edward Israel, the astronomer of the expedition, and was ordered to make time,
latitude, and magnetic (declination from sun's bearing) observations as frequently as was practicable.
Lieutenant Lockwood made many sets, both in his trip to the Farthest North and in the crossing of
Grinnell Land. The originals of these observations were brought back, and they have been recomputed
by Sergeant George E. Curtis, Signal Corps, who reports that the close agreement of results confirms, strik-
ingly, the accuracy and care of Sergeant Israel in making the original reductions.
The general high standing of Lieutenant Lockwood's astronomical work is evidenced by the fact that
under Pierce's criterion only one or two sights were rejected out of nearly two hundred. While a single
sight is not difficult to make, yet a series is most trying to the hardiest man. Freezing fingers, the glasses
dimmed at the slightest breath, or even from the eye, and the constrained position necessarily assumed owing
to the declination of the sun, are annoyances which observers in lower latitudes are exempt from.
The only reductions published in detail are of the observations at tl'.e Farthest North, which from their
interest deserve this prominence. Dr. Pavy made no observations of any character during either of his
journeys. The sheet of reductions, prepared by Sergeant Israel, of my own observations in Grinnell Land,
was inadvertently left at Conger with the original records. Fortunately the original observations of the first
trip were preserved in a duplicate journal to my wife, and have been recomputed by Sergeant Curtis. The
close accord in the results obtained by different sets at the junction of Lake Hazen and Ruggles River
(temporarily named as such) speak for themselves.
The results for the first three camps in the second journey are reproduced also from my journal. The
succeeding observations were made from an injured sextant, the object-glass being inclined by oni' of the
party accidentally stepping on the case. The observations were reduced by Sergeant Israel, who made use
of the following formula to correct for the inclination:
CORRECTION FOR INCLINATION OF HORIZON GLASS.
Formula for computation :
y'—yssz K' sin i" cos'^ /i cot y.
where y' = true angle: ;' = the angle as ineasured by sextant. K = inclination of horizon glass; ft =
parallactic angle of sextant.
Assuming the sun's apparent diameter constant for the time during which tiie observations were made,
and letting D' represent this angle = 31' 3;^", also let D = sun's diameter determined from the observation
for index correction, then
I
■ilf
(D'-D) tan D = 2 K» sin i" cos* /3 . • . (D'-D) tan D cot y=y'-y,
59
60
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXI'HDITION.
The table gives this correction, the horizontal argument being D and vertical argument y.
16
18'
20'
o
//
//
II
35
+6.2
+6.1
+ 5-8
40
5-2
5 '
4.8
45
4-3
4-3
4.0
5°
3-6
3-6
3-4
55
30
3-0
2.8
60
2-5
2-5
2-3
(-5
+2.0
2.0
+ ..9
That the preceding table furnished an adequate and sufficient correction to the sextant was shown by
the agreement in results in preceding journey at junction Lake Hazen and Ruggles River, and also by the
fact that the position of Mount C. A. Arthur, necessarily determined by bearings and estimated distance
from adjacent points astronomically determined by Lieutenant Lockwood and myself, varied but two miles
between the various results,
Inclosure No. 4 contains the results of the astronomical observadons.
Inclosures i to 3 contain the detailed reduction of the astronomical observations to the Farthest North.
A. W. GREELY, Lieutcnunt.
[Inclosure No. I.]
Study Division, yanuary 30, i886.
Prof. Cleveland Abbe:
Sir: In accordance with yon instructions I have examined Sergeant Israel's computations of the
astronomical observations made I y Lieutenant Lockwood on the north coast of Greenland, May 4 to 20,
1882, together with the original observations, and have the honor to submit the accompanying report.
Very respectfully,
G. E. Curtis,
Sergeant, Signal Corps.
Respectfully forwarded to the Chief Signal Officer for ihe use of Lieutenant Greely.
Cleveland Abbe,
Professor and Assistant, Signal Service.
i
I
LIEUTENANT
[Inclosuro No. 2.]
LOCKWOOD'S ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS
NORTH COAST OF GREENLAND.
ON THE
Report by G. E. Curtis.
The sextant observations made by Lieutenant I-ockwood on his sledge journey to Lockwood Island
were reduced by Sergeant Israel, astronoivicr to the expedition, after the return to Fort Conger.
The following are substantially h"s computations, corrected in a few cases for arithmetical mistakes. In
several instances, when an error in the work has seemed to exist, a parallel revised computation has been
inclosed in brackets alongside of the original figures. In general, however. Sergeant Israel's computations
indicate great care, even in the smallest details, exhibiting a greater degree of precision than is necessary to
be applied to observations of this character.
The notes accompanying the observations and computations were found to be insufficient for their
interpretation without additional explanation. This needed information has been fully supplied by Sergeant
Braiuard, and is embodied in the following introductory notes.
The sextant carried on the expedition is marked Gilkerson & Co., Tower Hill, London; the radius of
the arc is 4 inches, and its weight, independent of box, is 18^ ounces. The arc is graduated into divisions
of twenty minutes; the vernier contains forty divisions, so that the smallest reading of the instrument is to a
half minute. So close are the lines of the vernier that, in determining the coincidence of the arc and vernier
to the half .ninute, the Hmit of accuracy has been attained. The observati s were made by Lieutenant
Lockwood, and the time taken by Sergeant Brainard with the watch carrieil him. This watch is desig-
nated in the watch comparisons as " Brainard.'' Lieutenant Lockwood ( .'d two watches, which are
designated in the watch comparisons as "Lockwood" and "Jewell." T rates of these two watches,
obtained from comparisons made before and after the expedition, are given m connection with the observa-
tions of May 15. The variability of these rates and the uncertainty of the mean of the two v/atches, may
be judged from the following differences on May 15:
h. m.
Difference between Fort Conger and local time by "Lockwood" ........ . I 34.8
Difference between Fort Conger and local time by "Jewell" . .... . I 37.0
Mean . . . . . i 35.9
The correction and rate of the watch carried by Sergeant Brainard, with which the observations were
timed, were obtained by comparisons with " Lockwood" and "Jewell." T.cse comparisons, given on page
64, show that the rate of Brainard's watch was quite variable. For this reason no attempt has been made
to revise the rates given in Sergeant Israel's computations, although it is not always possible to reproduce
them from the watch comparisons. The general accuracy and high character of his work justifies the belief
that, in cases where the assignment of values was necessarily, to a greater 01 \:s.' extent, a matter of judgment,
the figures adopted by Sergeant Israel after consultation with the observers, are of the highest attainable
value and cannot now be improved by a revision.
The refractions are not mean refractions, but have been corrected for temperature and pressure.
CI
>n
1: .
■:,m
i
,1 fe*i
62
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
The obscrvaticns at "Farthest," May 14 ami 15, are arranged in the t)riler of (lejiendente in coni[)u-
tation and not in the order of time.
Remarks on the acxuracy of tlie observations and extracts from the narrative report relative to the
attendant atmosjiheric conditions are contained in the following paragraphs for the respective dates;
May 6. — 'I'iie watch comparisons indicate that the rate of the observation-watch, lirainard, was losing
instead of gaining. This change in tiie computation makes no ai)prcciable difference in the resulting latitude.
Af(iy 8. — The narrative report of the expedition contains this entry: "Sun dimly visible, 7.25 p. ni. ;
breakfast, after which 1 took an observation or rather attempted to." The times entered in the narrative are
presumably from Lieutenant L^ :kwood's own watch.
Jiftty 10. — The narrative rf port contains the following entries: "3.25 — 4.18 a. m., stopped and took
observation, the sun being di' ily visible. • » * * g.i^ — ')-\i ^- m-. saw the sun very indistinctly ihrough
the clouds and sloiipeil for observation ; strong wind from the west."
In the original conipr.calion for time, the reduction to the sun's center lias been wrongly applied. A
jjarallel revised coniputat.on has been given in brackets.
The two observatii'ns maile between 9.15 and 9.45 a. m., by Lockwooil's watch, record the same alti-
tude, although made from 20 to 30 minutes before noon, according to the observations for time. They
manifest, therefore, a considcrai)le uncertainty in pointing, due to the dimness of the sun.
From the estimates of distance in the narrative report, the distance between the first and second halts
for observation was about 11 '-2 miles. If the observations were more accurate, the watch correction on local
time oiitained from the observation at the first halt should be corrected for tlie difference in longitude before
applying it in the computation of the observations made at the second halt.
May 1 2. — The narrati\e contains the following entries : " 5 a. m,, fed tlogs; some time occupied in taking
an observation for latitude, tlie sun being dimly visible; 1.30 p. m., took observation for time, the weather
clearing up."
Afay 13. — Tile narrative has the following: "At 5.30 — 6.15 a. m. we were stopped by another lead or
lane of water. The sun being discernible, I took an observation." " 10.10— 10.40 a. m. attempted an obser-
vation; very severe work and doubtful of any value."
Farthest, May 14 and 15. — Tlie following entry is found in the daily narrative for May 14: "The
weather had now cleared uj) beautifully, the sun bright and clear, and the atmos])liere calm and mild.
Most of the time from now till midnight was taken up with observations, iS:c." The time to which tiie
word "now" refers is not recorded, but was probably about 4.00 p. m.
The index correction of the sextant was determined at the beginning and close of each set of observa-
tions by measurements of the sun's diameter from readings on and off the arc.
These sejiarate values have a total range of from 2' to 6', and at times ditfer over 2' during a single
set of observations. In order to ascertain the accuracy and reliability of this portion of the work, the prob-
able variation of a single index correction, from the mean of twenty determinations, has been compared with
the probable error of the corresponding observed solar diameters, and the following results obtained:
Probable error of any single measure of the sun's diameter o'.47
I'lobaMe error of tlie mean of twenty observations of the sun's iliaineter o'. 10
I'robablo varialicjii of any sinj;le measure of the index correction from the mean o'. 79
But the probable error of observation of the index correction is the same as the probable error of the
observed sun's diameter; therefore the excess found above in the variability of the index correction repre-
sents actual changes in the sextant. The variation of o.'79, accordingly, is the combined probable error of
observation and the actual change in the sextant.
']'he jirobable amount of this actual change of the index correction is equal to Vq 7(y^_^l7^ = o'.63.
The use of an average index correction would therefore introduce a larger error than is comjicnsated
for by the increased .Tccuracy of the mean over the accuracy of a single observation, 'i'he individual de-
terminations of the index correction are, conse(|Ucntly, the best values to use in the reduction of the obser-
vatiops, and their .eliability is expressed by the probable error of a single measure, o'.47, which is etjual to
the smallest division of the vernier.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXrEDITlON.
63
OBSERVATIONS FOR TIME AT KARTllEST NORTH.
The mean of two sets of observations, made about four hours before and after midnight, gives the watch
time of niiihiii^ht, M.iy 14; the result of sets of equal altitudes in the morning and afternoon gives the wxtch
time of noon, May 15.
The difference in the watch correction obtained from these two results, after correction for the watcli rate
for 12 hours, is a quarter minute, corresponding to a difference in longitude of one-half mile.
The discordance between the indivi(kial results of the two sets before and after midniglit of the 14th is
much greater than this, but is not a criterion of the accuracy of their mean ; for a small error in the assumed
latitude produces a large variation between the watch corrections resulting from the two sets, without ma-
terially affecting their mean.
In the present case, the assumption of a higher latitude than the one used will largly reduce the
discrepancy. These observations thus furnish an indication of the latitude, independently of the circum-
meridian observations.
Owing to the variability of the watch rates, the uncertainty in the resulting longitude is greater than
that of the time determination, so that its accuracy is limited by the former rather than by the latter.
The mean of the longitudes given by " Lockwood " and " Jewell," has an uncertainty of w/f minute
of time or two tniles in distance.
OBSERVATIONS FOR LATITUDE AT FARTHEST NORTH.
Sets of circummeridian observations were made at midniglit of May 14, and at noon of May 15,
Ohsenmtitns at midnight, May 14. — The values of the inilex correction determined before and after the
observations are 3'. 5 and s'.o, respectively.
The errors of the corresponding solar diameters are so sn il ■,.ial the two values indicate a real change
in the condition of the sextant. On the assumption that this change was a jirogressive one, a progressive
index correction has been adopted for the correction of the iuflividual readings, instead of using for all the
mean of the two values. The validity of this assumption is confirmed by a material diminution in the
residuals.
Observations at noon. May 15. — Of the eighteen individual pointings, three, namely, numbers i, 2, and
10, have a considerable discordance with the remaining altitudes and recorded times. These are not suffi-
ciently in error to be rejected by the usual criterion, and, therefore, have been retained in computing the
mean. Their rejection would increase the latitude o'.2.
After ai)plying all corrections, the latitudes obtained from the two sets of observations contain an out-
standing discrepancy, not accounted for by their probable errors or by assignable uncertainties in the refrac-
tions. From the known variability in the condition of the sextant, as exhibited in the ra[)id changes of the
index correction, this discrepancy in the two results seems to be best attributed to uncorrected instrumental
errors. No sufficient reason is found in the conditions of observation for giving more weight to one set than
to the other, and their mean has been adopted as the final result. This mean, 83° 24', is believed to be the
latitude attained by Lieutenant Lockwood, and an uncertainty in its value not greater than one minute is
considered to represent the accuracy of its determination.
May 20. — The longitude of Cape Britannia, obtained from these two sets of observations, is'^.i, is the
same as that obtained from observations made on the outward journey. May 5.
This satisfactory result gives assurance of the good condition of the sextant throughout the expedition,
and of the reliability of the mean of the watch corrections.
m
64
THE LADY FUANKI.IX ISAY KXI'KDITION.
[Inclosure No. 3.]
ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS MADE BY LIEUTENANT LOCKWOOD ON
THE NORTH COAST OF GREENLAND.
Coinparison of uatcJu'S.
Date.
1882.
Aiiril 16, p. ni.
April 21, p. m.
April 25
April 26, a. m.
A.pril 27, a. m.
.')ril2S
April 29, p. m.
May 2, p. m...
May 4, p. m...
May 5.p. m...
May (), p. m...
May 8, a. m...
May 10, p. m..
Names of watches.
I.Dckwood
Kalston ..
Jewell
Mine [Lock wood] .
Kalston
Jewell (?)
I,ockwo')(.l
Jewell
R.Iston
Lockwood . ...
kalston
Jewell ,
l.inn
Klison .
Krainard
I.ockwood
'ewell
i-'.;il-;in
i 1 1 itwood
Jewell . _ . .
Lockwood
Jewell
Lockwood
lirainard . .
Lockwood
lirainard ^..
Lockwood
Jewell
Lockwood
lirainard
Lockwood .
Jewell
Lockwood
lirainard
Lockwood
Jewell
Lockwood
lirainard . ...
Lockwood
Jewell
Lockwood
lirainard
Time.
Date.
' m. 8.
1882.
47 0
May 10, p. m._
io 10
t6 57
May II
■) 34 0
9 33 0
9 31 IS
7 26 0
Mtiy 12, p. m..
7 >9 2o|i
7 34 30
May 13, p. m..
6 41 0
7 14 49
6 34 i8>^
6 41 30
May 14, p. m..
(6 40 50) ?
7 13 0
7 0 9Y^
May 15, a. m..
8 57 55
11 56 0
II 42 47
4 45 0
May 18, a in..
4 31 38
4 47 0
4 27 20
May 19, a. m..
4 50 0
4 30 3'
4 52 0
May 21, a. m..
4 37 30
10 49 0
10 28 2
May 22, r. in..
500
4 45 4
7 2 43
May 23, ]i. m_.
6 42 0
> 3 0
12 48 3
8 29 33
. May 25, a. m..
870
1
8 36 0
j May 26, p. in..
8 20 40
■
I 2 36
. May 29, p. m..
12 39 0
I
Names of watches.
Time
Lockwood .
Jewell
Lockwood .
lirainard ..
Lockwood .
Jewell
Lockwood .
lirainard ..
1 .ock wood .
lirainard . ..
Lockwood .
Jewell
Lockwood .
Jewell
Lockwood .
lirainard _ .
Lockwood _
Jewell
Lockwood .
lirainard ..
Lockwood .
Jewell
Brainard ..
1 ,ock wood .
Jewell
lirainard ..
Lockwood.
Jewell
lirainard ..
Lockwood .
Jewell
lirainard . .
Lockwood .
lirainard ..
Lockvood .
Jewell
Loc'xwood .
Brainard ..
I^ickwood .
Jewell
Lo(,kwood .
lirainard ..
I 9
12 S3
9 '9
857
9 22
9 6
« 7
12 44
30
S
34
17
38
20
4c.
8 13
7 27
7 10
823
10 29
10 6
9 9
8 27
s.
'7
o
58
o
33
o
27
o a. III.
34
o
20
o
o
27
o
3^-
30
o
o
o
o
39
j7
o
58
48
o
32
59
o
47
57
o
33
o
58
o
I
o
22
o
THE LADY FKANKLIiJ BAY EXrHDlliON.
G5
CAPE I5RITANNIA.
[May 4-5. ■^S^]
O/'unii/iotts for tulilude.
[May 4, 18S2, midiiiylit.]
18 41.0
2.8
18
38-
2
9
ly.
I
21.
7
8
57-4
73
48
I
2 alt. 0 -
linlex corrcclioii
2h' .
h' -
Semi-diam. -{■ r--v -.
h-.
t-
A|i[iro.x. <p= 82 45.5
Observations for hngitudc.
[May 5,11, m.]
liaroiiiL-lur, 29.38; tlitiimmiLtL-i, f- 9°.
IiulcN coriectiuii: On arc, 34'; olV arc, Jo'.
: alt. J^, mean of 3 rL'ailin(;s
tacli ol till' ii|i|)t;r and lower
25 '4.4
2.0
25 12.4
12 ^6. 2
4.4
Index correction
2 h' =
/(' =
/• — n- i= -
h =
P =
12 31.8
S2 45- S
73 33-9
Api). time, p. m.
Kij. of time
I'ort Clonger ;=
121 35.2
h. ni. s,
8 6 21
- 3 3'
Mean time
Watch time
8 2 50
5 59 '7
Watch slow
*Watcli blow on
2 3 33
I 3 24
Long.east of l-'ort Conger = 15". o
Watch .slow u\\ Icical mean time j'l 3"' 51"
Oaily rate, 22" — watch yaininj,.
h.
m. s.
Ei|iiaticjn of time
—
.-
3 26
Mean time of a|i|).
mid
lit^ht =
II
5'^> 34
Watcli .slow
. iidi
niglil =
t
9
3 5'
Watch time uf ai>|
52 43
0 /
Time.
t.
III.
2 alt. p) iS 43
lu
, ^.n .,7.
I 2'" 41'
286.
2..1t. Cv 18 4>
ij 10
16 27
53«-
2 alt. 0 iS 43
'J 35
'9 52
775-
2 alt. 0 18 45
•5 ,it
22 51
1024.
2alt. 0 1742
19 5'
27 8
1444.
2 alt. 0 17 40
21 32
28 49
111,, =
1628.
948.
0
/ //
Mean 2 alt. O
=
iS
22 20
Index correctitm
'^^ -
_
2 45
ill' ^
18
«9 35
h' = 9 9 48
Rciluc. to center -f- '^ ~ "■ — — 1 1 20
Ani„ =. — I 56
// = 8° 56'. 5
90° — '' = 73 47 • 9
'P=: Sj" 44'. 4
Jiecomputation ,f lon^^UiiUc.
//
--
12 31.8
<P
=:
82 .14. 4
P
I
:
73 33-9
121 41.6
h. m.
App. time, p. m.
=^
8 6.8
Ivpiation ol time
=-
3-^
Mean lime
:^
S i.},
Watch time
=
5 59-3
Watch slow
;_
2 4.0
* Watch slow on Tort
Cong'.;
r
=i
I 3-4
Long, cast of I'ort Conger
I 06 =15°
* Ndtk. — liascd on error and rate of J. B. L. [Lockwood] and W. J. [Jewell].
11. Mis. ;w;5, ptl! 5
ee
TCii LADY latAlJJKLlN BAY LXriililTlON
I
CAMP No. I.
[May 6. 1882.]
Ohsen'iilious for ItttitiuU'.
[May 6, noon.]
2 nit. 0 —
Index correction ^ -
2h'rz-.
Semi-diam. -f /• - tt -^
0 /
48 7.0
3-5
48 3-5
24 1.8
18.0
Thermometer, 4 13°; barometer,
Indci correction;
• '11 arc, ,j7' ; off arc, 30'.
Walch slow, 2'' 5"' y'.
1 laily gain, 3j». |_ k
29.37-
ji, 5,,, ,,).
ale 1 ii', losiiii;.
h. m. s.
(! =
.\pprox. </) =
Obicrvations for loHj^itUiic
23 43-8
66 16.2
If' 37-3
82 53- S
IC(|ualicjn of lime
Mean lime of app. noon
Walch slow
Watch time of app. noon
2 alt. 0
0 / //
0 3 34
II s<' 26
2 S 9
9 SI 17
lime,
h. m. s.
-' S 2y
. 9 50 57 _.
LM.,v
0, a. 11..]
48 S 0
7 0
9 44 44
S3 II
S') "6
10 18 5
Thermometer, -\
6° ; barometer.
29-34-
3 0
0 0
2 alt. 0(nieaniirthret' readings
each of tlie iipiier and lower
limbs) -
Index correction (assumed) = -
2h> =
h' =
r - T =
/i =
/ =
0 /
27 17.7
2-7
27 'SO
'3 37.5
41
13 33-4
82 53- 5
73 28.0
2 all. 0 4S 3 45
Index tor. — 3 30
//' =
Semi-diam. -f /-- t -- -
ylm„ = 4-
f —
<p =
Jiecomputation of longitiiJe.
0 /
24 0. I
18.0
0.9
23 43- 0
66 17.0
16 37.5
82 54- 5
0 /
/ =
113 46.7
0 /
App. time, a. m. =
Efiuatioii of time = -
Mean time =
Watch lime =
Watch slow r=
Watch slow on Fort Conger --
Longitude east of I'ort Conger —
h. m. s.
4 24 S3
3 33
4 21 20
2 16 00
2 5 20
I 3 30
A =
/ =
App. time, a. m. =
K(|uation of time = —
Mean time =
Watch time =
Watch slow -=
Watch sl'jw on Fort Conger -=;
Long, east of Fort Conger
13 33-4
82 54- S
73 28.0
113 SS-o
h. m.
4 24.3
35
4 20. 8
2 16. 0
I I S"
2 4. 8
I 35
I 1.3=^
S°-3.
THE LADY FRANKLI>J HAY EXPEDITION.
67
CAMP No. 3.
[May 8, 18S2.]
•
OOitTi'iiiions
[May S
0
fof /iititui/t'.
noon.]
/
I.oiijjitiiilc assumed ; 47
47 we^t of (Jreenivith.
I.aliluile a-ssuiiiiMl -; 8j
II
I)aily watcl
rale +
22 seconds, wal
ch li).sin^.
h. ni. s.
liaromcler
20. .8
Kqiiatioii of tiiiif
i 4-'
'riicrmonicUr | 11°
Mean lime of a|i|i. noon -^
II 50 iS
Index correction :
Watch slow on local time _;
2 13 2
On arc.
Off arc.
Watch time of api). noon
35
/
29
'.» 43 If'
4
34
3»
Li ml).
2 all. 0
0 /
Time,
h. m. s.
0
48 40
9 46 30
39
52 56
37
10 1 14
0
ja
II 44
0
47 26
14 29
0
24
19 It
0
22
22 29
48 5-7
Index correction =
2-3
48 3.4
¥^:
24 1-7
Reduc. to center -\- r — tr ---
— 4.4
Allla =
+ 2.0
h =
24 0.2
C =
6s 59-8
d =
17 10.5
« =
83 10.3
[May 8, midnight.]
h. m, s.
Equation of tinje •= —
3 44
Inde V correction ;
Mean time of app. midnight =
If 56 16
On arc,
35' 30" ; off
arc, 28' 30"
Watch slow : ■-.
2 13 «3
Watch time of midnight —
9 43 3
0 /
Time.
t.
m.
2 alt 0
21 34
9 22 55
— 20"! 8"
795
0
30
29 >4
— •3 49
375
0
36*
56 9
+ 13 6
Wo
337
21 33-3
= 502
Index correction =
2h' =
- 3S
21 29.8
10 44. 9
Semi-diam. -f r — w =
— 21.0
Anio =
A T
— I.O
10 22. 9
<!> =
72 41.8
83 4-7
0 (at noon) =
83 10.3
Mean 6 =
83 7.5
: r
I
:l
*Owing to high wind and drifting snow, the contact* are not considered accurate, especially the third.
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
1.0 If K£ m
■tt ly 12.2
m m
I.I
Sf 1^ 12.0
lyill^Ui^
6"
Photographic
Sdences
Corporation
L1>'
V
<^
^ ^.^ ^\
23 WIST MAIN STREiT
WIUTIR,N.Y. 14S80
(7t6)t72-4S03
4^
^
'
}i
1 ;
m
66
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
STATION BETWEEN CAMPS IV AND V.
[May lo, 1882.]
2 alt. 0 r^
Index correction =
2/1' —
Semi-diam. -{- r — n = —
h =
6 =
Approx. <p =■
Oistrva/ions for longitude.
(May 10, a. m.)
Barometer, 29.45 ; thermometer, 1 1'
Index correction :
On arc, 32' ; off arc, 30'.
49 30
I
49 29
24 44.5
18.0
24 26. 5
65 li- S
17 41.7
83 IS. a
2 alt. SXt mean of three readings :
Index correction :
Semi-diam. -f r
2/i'
h>
h--
V-
P--
App. time a. m. =
Equation of time =
Mean time =
Watch time =
Watch slow -=
Watch slow on Fort Conger —
Longitude east of Fort Conger ^
35 20 7
1.0
35 «9-7
«7 39-8
12.8
17 27.0
83 15- 2
72 21. 7
90 22. 8
h, m.
5 58-5
3^
5 54-7
3 39-4
2 >5-3
■ 5-8
' 95
Obiervalious for latitude.
Daily rate, —21'; watch gaining,
h. m. s.
E<|uation of time := — o 3 48
Mean time uf ap[). noon ^ 11 56 12
Watch slow -^ 2 15 13
Watch time of app. noon = 9 40 59
*2 alt. 0
49 30 o
49 30 o
Time
h. m. s.
8 59 26
9 10 II
t. m.
4« 33 3353-6
30 48 1859. 8
tWo=: 2607
t. m.
27 34 1490
'6 49 555
»/«:
: 1022
2 alt. 0 = 49 30
Index cur. (assumed)^ --. — ■
0
'~\
17 52.6
0
86
f
h.
6
m.
12.5
3-8
6
3
8.7
39-4
2
I
29- 3
5-8
1
23-5
2 h' 49 29
h'— 24 44. 5
Semi-diam. -}- r — jr = — 18. o
Ania— + 5.3
A= 24 31.8
C = 65 28. 2
6= 17 41.7
q>
83 10
[2 29 12]
[9 27 00]
0
/
+
2;
6
24
28
f'5
3'-
4
17 4'.
7
83
«3-
I
Recomputation oj longitude,
a /
A= 17 52.6
^ = 83 13. I
/= 72 21.7
h. m.
App. time, a. m. _ 6 12.4
Long, east of Fort Conger, i'' 23.4'" -= 20.8°.
Observation for magnetic variation.'^
h. m. s.
Watch time 3 22 34
Watch slow [2 28 54]
Sun's bearing 15° E. of S.
* Made hurriedly on floe west of Shoe [Mary Murray] Island ; sun shone dimly through clouds fur a few minutes about
noon, very windy with drifting and falling snow. Observation uns.ili.sfactory in every res|)cct. — J. B. L.
t rhe time of this observation is uncertain and result therefore not reliable. Nut reduced.
I Index Correction assumed, — E. I.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION
SHOE [MARY MURRAY] ISLAND.
[May 12, 1882.]
Observations for liUiluiie,
Sun much obscured by clouds nnd colored glasses not used; image in mercury very indistinct.
2 alt. 0 = so
Index correction = —
24-5
35
2h' = 50 21.0
h' = 25 10. 5
Semi-diam. -}-»■ — jr= — 17.9
h^= 24 52. 6
C= 6s 7.4
d= 18 12. S
83 «9-9
ObsemeUioHs for longitude, p. m.
Barometer, 29. 90; thermometer, 7°.
Index correction :
On arc.
/
Off arc.
38 27 30
38 28
3 alt. O (mean of three readings
each of the upper and lower °
limbs) := 42
Index cor. = —
>S-3
5 '
ih' = 42 10. 2
h' T^ 21 S.I
»• — IT —— 2. 5
k= 21
«= 83
/= 71
2.6
19.9
44-9
App. time p. m.
Equation of time
Mean time
Watch time
Watch slow on local lime
Watch slow on Fort Conger
Long, east of Fort Conger
h. m. s.
4 16 47
3 52
4 "2
• 38
55
21
2 .M
« S
34
'3
=z I 29.4
Haromctcr, 29. 39 ; thermometer, 9°
Index currection:
On arc. Off are.
36
36
30
28
Watch rate = -f ss', watch losing.
h. m. s.
Equation of time = 3 52
Mean time of app. noon = 11 s^ 8
Watch .slow =r 2 34 24
Watch time of app. noon ;
9 21 44
Limb. 2 alt G- Time,
o ' " h. m. s.
0
0
0
0
0
0
Q
Q
50 18 30
24 30
24 30
28 00
24 00
II 00
49 24 00
49 '7 00
Mean =50 6 26
Index cor. = — 3 30
50
25
2 56
2/5'
h'
Reduction to cen
ter -|- r — fr --= — lo. o
h ■-
Aflla = —
<J:
A = 83° I9'.I
Recomputation of longitude.
24
S'S
65
;:i
6s
6.7
18
12.4
o /
* = 21 2.6
0 = 83 19. I
/ = 7' 44- 9
Longitude east of Fort Conger
46 S3
56 28
7 9
19 17
28 53
38 21
4' 39
S« 44
h. m.
App. time =4 17.0
Mean time — 4 13. 2
NVatch time =1 38. 4
VV.itch slow =: 2 34. 8
Watch slow on Fort ContjiT i 5. 2
I 29. f) -- 22". 4
TO
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
BETWEEN SHOE [MARY MURRAY] ISLAND AND FARTHEST.
. . [May 13, 1882.]
Observations for longitude.
Sun dimly visible through clouds -, colored glasses not used.
Barometer, 29. 38 ; thermometer, -f- 12°.
2 all. (mean of thr
each of tlie upper
limbs) .. .
Index correction
ee reading,
and lower
2h' —
h' =
r — jT = ■
// =
Assumed ^ ---
/ -
0
44
/
4. 1
3-9
Index correction :
On arc.
' //
35
36 30
App. time, a. m.
IC(|uation of time
Mean time
Watch time
Watch slow
Watch slow on Ft.
Off
f
27
28
arc.
//
30
30
=
h.
8
44
22
0. 2
0. 1
2.4
Conger
m.
13- a
3-9
21
83
7"
57-7
21.8
3S'
8
5
9-3
30.2
0
S6
42.0
2
I
39- •
7'
Ix)ngitude east of Fort Conger =
32. o = 23«. o
I ':
TnU LADY FRANKLIN BAY LXPEDITION
ri
FARTHEST.
[May IS, 1883.]
Watch time, a. m.
" p. m.
Correction for rate
Elapsed time
0/isenur lions for time.
Watch rate [for 1 2 hours] = — 22 s., watch gaining.
Thermometer, a. m. f 12°; p. m. (in sun) + 29°.
Index correction, a. m. :
On arc. Off arc.
38' 30" 26'
38
2 /. = 7 40 44
7[-i4]
= 7 40 37
T.= 9 '3 44
^T,= - I IS
Index correction, p. m.
< )n arc. Off arc.
36' 28'
37 VI
Watch time of app. noon
Equation of time
Watch time of mean noon
Watch slow on local time
2 alt. Q (mean 01 three
readings each of the up-
per and lower limlis) =
Index cor. -
a. m.
p. m.
9 12 29
- 3 52
- 9 16 21
= a 43 39
44 52- 7 44 52- 7
5- 9 -4- 5
2 //' = 44 46. 8 44 48. 2
//' = 22 23. 4 22 24. I
r — n- = — 2. 2 -2. 2
^ = 22 21. 2 22 21. 9
J'// = }- o. 7
a = A. A'l^ tan ^
h = n. A'i\ Ian fl
* (assumed) v-83">20'.7
J'To = <; + iO = — I"' 30"
J"T„^- - ^''"^"^f^_ = IS"
{u Cos 9 cos >i sin /
^T., = J' To 4- ^" To = — I"' IS-
Watch No. I004G \_Lockwood'\ on Fort Conger.
Slow Apr. 14, a. m.
Slow June i,p. m.
Gain in 48.S days
Daily gain 14. 8*.
*P. W. [Pocket watch?] slow on
local time. May is, a. m.
P. VV.—No. 10046
m. s.
= 50 28
= 38 28
= 12 00
Watch, y.TOf//, on F"ort Conger.
Slow Apr. 16, p. m.
Slow June I , p. m.
Loss in 46 days.
Daily loss I7.i>
m. s.
49 S(>
63 1
•3 5
= 2 43
= —26
m. s.
39
00
P. U\ slow on local time
P. W.—JexveU
--- 2 43
= - 8
39
30
No. 10046 slow on local time =: 2 17. 6
No. 1004b slow on Fort Conger == 42. 8
DiHerence of time
I 34-8
yrtiv// slow on local time = 2 3s. I
Jeivdl slow on Fort Conger = 58. I
Difference of time =: I 37. o
Mean = i"" 35™. 9
Longitude east of Fort Conger = 24° .0
Longitude west of (ireenwich =40° 4t)'
*Same as Brainard.
72
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
FARTHEST.
[May 15, 1882.]
il
if
Observations for lalilude.
Assumed latitude 83° 20'. f 'riierinomcter -{■ 14° Weather bright and clear.
Watch rate [for 12 hours] =: — 22', watch gaining; 0's 6 at app. noon = 18° 56^.0.
J .5 = -f 3S".2.
. «' cos 4 COS (' „ To. 40?ql ^1' t -.
A——. i ; =.1215 « = ^'J^^>yi" =ol'I"n.2
siii(0 — il) ' A
S^zA'cotS. Watch time of app. noon = 9 12 .5
Watch time of max. alt. ^9 13 .7
y = -
e
A. s sin' 2
sin 1"
No.
Limb.
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
7
Q
8
0
9
0
10
Q
II
Q
12
0
n
0
14
0
IS
m
16
0
<7
0
18
0
y = not appreciable.
Index correction:
Un arc. Olfarc.
34' 30" 29'
36 29
2 alt. 0
Index cor-
rection.
0 /
,
SI 25.0
— 3.«
29. s
3-1
25.0
3-'
32. s
3."
r-5
3-"
38.0
3 •
so 39- 0
3.'
41.0
3 «
42.0
3.>
38.0
3.'
43.0
3-'
.^8-5
3.1
S" 39- 0
3.1
37- 0
3.>
32. 5
3.'
50 25.0
3.1
22. s
3.1
iS-o
-3.«
Time.
. m, s.
•7 56
22 46
26 33
30 27
34 8
38 37
48 4
« 7
6 44
12 52
18 21
30 29
34 52
41 10
SI so
5848
3 52
9 42
m.
55-8
SO. 9
47.2
43-3
39''
3S
25
12.
■7
.6
7.0
0.9
4.6
16.8
21. 1
27- 5
38.1
45- '
SO. I
56.0
Am.
-"2.3
I0.3
8.8
7.4
6
4
2.
O.
o.
o.
O. I
1. 1
1.8
30
5.8
8.1
10. o
-12.4
/in.
a.
a.
o
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2, O
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2. I
Mean fo -= 64° 26'. 7 ± o. 2
<!> = 83 22 . 7
Obs'd C.
O4 34. 9
32.6
34-9
3'. 2
3'. 2
28.4
26. 2
25. 2
24.7
26. 7
24. 2
26. 5
27.9
28.9
3«.2
33.2
.14. 5
38.2
Co.
V.
0 /
64 24. 6
—2. I
24- 3
-^2.4
28.1
+ 1.4
25.8
-0.9
27. 0
10.3
25. 5
— I. 2
25.6
— I. I
26.0
— 0. I
26.5
—0. 2
23.7
-f 2.0
26.1
—0.6
27.4
+0.7
28.1
+ 1.4
27.9
+ 1.2
27.4
+0.7
27.1
1-0.4
26.5
— 0. 2
27.9
+ 1.2
4.41
76
96
.81
.09
1.44
I. 21
.01
.04
4.00
■36
•49
1.96
1.44
•49
.16
.04
1.44
TUE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
73
FARTHEST.
[May 14 and 15, 1883.]
Observations J
or lime.
May 14, p. m.
May 15, a.m.
Thermometer, +1S°-
Imlex correction :
On arc. Off arc
/ // /
.
Thermometer in snn, -|-23°.
Thcrmiinielcr in shade, -fI4°.
Index correction:
On arc. Off arc
/ /
2 alt. Q (mean
of the
35 00 28
37 30 26
of three readiiif^s each
upper and lower liinl)s) =
Index correction = —
2-4' =
//' =
r — ir = —
0 1
28 S7-9
4.6
34 30
38 29
2 alt. 0 (mean of three readings each
of the up|)er ami lower limbs) =
Index correction = —
2 A' =
h' =
r—it= —
0 1
3" S«-a
3 3
3« 47-9
IS 54-0
3-2
28 S3- 3
14 26. 7
3-8
-
/ =
App. time, p. m. =
E(|uation of time = —
Mean time =
Watch time =
14 22. 9
83 22. 8
71 13.0
h =
App. time, a. m. =:
Equation of time =:i -•
Mean time =
Watch time =
IS SO- 8
83 22. 8
71 8.6
130 54. 0
h. m.
843-6
3-9
116 5.6
h. m.
16 15.6
3-9
8397
S S6-7
16 II. 7
13 26.3
Watch slow =
2 43. 0
Mean
h.
= 2
Watch slow =
m.
44.2
2 45-4
r
74
THE LADY FEANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
FARTHEST.
[May 14, 1883.]
Subpolar circummeridian ohseniationi for hlitude.
^(ttpprox.) =
=830 22'.8 A — 40<' 46' W. of G. Thermometer,
f-I?".
Watch slow =2" 44.2m.
Watch rate [for 13 hours] ^ — 32«, watch Kiiining.
i»-=l8'>49'.o. M (■ 5S".<i.
Index correction :
k' cos <j) cos it
On arc. Off
arc.
Log. /J =--9.0820 » [94059] ^ Equation of time . -0 3.9
35
/
38
ni. s. Mean tune of app. midnight ■ 11 56.1
37
VI
6.
— I Ij Watch slow
Watch time of app. midnight —
2 44. 2
9 "-9
0=
7i=
1.3
9 «3"
Cover.
Limb.
2 alt. 0
Index cor-
rection.
Chro.time.
/.
Am.
>■ T.
/
( )l>s'd C.
<;■
V.
Vtl.
0 /
/
h. m. s.
m.
/
0 /
0 /
I
Not used.
0
25 '4 5
-3-5
9 25 «5
12.2
+ 0.6
+4-4
77 40.4
77 45-4
-0.9
.81
3
Not used.
0
13.0
3-6
9 27 30
14.6
0.8
4-4
41. 1
46.3
0.0
.00
3
Not used.
0
12.5
3.7
9 30 55
17.8
1-3
4.4
41.4
47.1
-fo.8
.64
4
Not used.
0
16.0
39
9 39 o"
25.9
2.7
4.4
39.8
46.9
4-0.6
•36
S
Not used.
0
24 15.0
4.0
9 4« 03
28.0
3'
4.6
38.7
46.4
fo.i
.01
6
Notu.sed.
Q
17.0
41
9 44 s*"
3"-3
3-9
4.6
37-7
46.2
—0. 1
.01
7
Not used.
0
21.0
4-3
9 48 20
^I-^
4-9
4.6
35-8
45-3
— 1.0
1. 00
8
Direct.
U
23.0
4-4
9 52 01
38.9
6.0
4.6
34-9
45- 5
-0.8
.64
9
Direct.
Q
27.0
4.6
10 00 58
47-9
9.0
4.6
32.9
46. 5
40. 2
.04
10
Direct.
0
28.5
4.7
10 04 29
5« 4
10.4
4.6
32.2
47.2
+0.9
.81
II
Direct.
0
36.0
4-9
10 10 09
57- 0
12.8
4.6
28.6
46.0
-0-3
.09
12
Direct.
0
25 38- 0
-5.0
10 II 58
58.9
-t-i3-6
+4-3
29- 3
47-2
+0.9
.81
Meanfo = 77° 46'. 3 ±0- '3
h^ 12 13.7
71 II .0
I
83 24.7
«>, MayiS^ 83 22.7
•
Mean 9=^ 83 24
:i!
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
m
NORTH CAPE.
[May 19, 1882.]
OiservaHoHS /or
latiludt.
;i, approx. =: 3i> i8"> west of Greenwich.
f, approx. =r 82° 50.2'.
Watch slow 2" 12"' 43"; watch rate +
Barometer (assumed) = 29!5.
Thermometer = 1 1 .
44».
Equation of time =— 344
, Mean time of app. midnight = 1 1 56 16
Watch slow =: 2 12 43
Watch time of app. midnight — 9 43 33
■ Limb. 2 alt. 0
Index correction :
On arc. ( )fr arc.
1 t It
33 a8 30
34 27 00
Time.
h. m. s.
0 26 39
0 23
0 22
Q 25 15
Q 16
Q 13
Q 16
Q 17
Q 21
9 •« 35
17 29
31 44
36 I
30 «S
37 44
52 6
10 2 6
12 55
\
2 alt. 0 = 25 39. I
Index correction = — 2. 9
3 A' = 25 36. 2
4
A' ^ 12 48. 1
J^ semi-diameter — r + >r = -f 1.0
j1m„-— 1.7
A= 12 47.4
/= 70 3.6
^= 82<>5i'o
76
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
On Floe ]^ Mile Southwest from Cai'k Kkitannia.
[May 20, 1882.]
Obsen>aliom for loHgituJt.
Weather clear nml very calm ; sun very bright,
^ = 82° 44. I'. Longitude (assumed) ■=i\i. 19m., W. of G.
A. M.
In<)ex correction:
Uii arc. Oil' arc.
/ /
36
36
27
28
2 alt. 53, (mean of three reading.s each " '
of the upper and lower liml>.s) -— 4545.6
Index correction - — 4. 2
2^'= 45 41.4
h' = 22 50. 7
r—ir = — 2. 3
4 = 22 48. 4
^ = 82 44. I
/ = 69 59. 5
/= 66 3.8
h. m.
= «9 35-7
P.M.
Index correction :
< >n arc. (J(V arc.
36' 27'
30 46. o
- 4-5
30 4«S
IS 20. 7
— 3-6
15 17.1
82 44. 1
69 52.8
App. time
Equation of time -— — 3.7
Mean time
Watch time
= 19 32.0
= 17 18.7
Watch slow = 2 13. 3
130 48. 2
h. m.
8 43*
3.7
8 39- S
6 27.0
2 12.5
Mean =
Watch slow on Fort Conger —
Longitude east of Fort Conger =
h. m.
2 12.9
I 12.6
— —^ o
I 0.3 = 15.1
i\
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
77
[Incliitiure No. 4.]
Astronomical observations hy field parties of the Liuty Franklin Ray Rxffdition.
INTKklOR OK t;kINNi:LI. LAND.
iJale.
1S83.
Apr. 27
29
29
y>
May I
Apr. 30
May 3
4
3
4
(Jlwerver.
( Ircely .
..do..
...do..
...do..
...do..
...do..
...do..
...do..
...do..
...do..
Kor-
I .oneitudc .
...Jo
Latitude ..
...do
...do
Uy-
A. M. sigh)
...do
C. M.set ...
Sul>pular set
C. M.hft . .
Mean 30II1 ami 1st . .
l/>ngiludc.. 1'. M. siglit .
.do .do
do I A. M. sinlit .
Mean 30tli, 3d, and 4tli . . .
Longitude . . .\. M. sight .
Latitude
A. M. set...
ResulU.
\ I
^- 3
0 Si
^ 81
V. = 8i
9—81
^= 5
ii S
> s
^= 5
X^ 6
29 W. of Conger.
12 \V. uf Conger.
375
47-7
47-3 -
47-4 ,
5 W. of Conger.
4 W. of I'ongL-r.
5 W. of Conger
S W. of Conger
S(> W. of Conger.
1> -81 42.9
I.ncalitiei.
Nurtli side Conylrare Inlet.
North arm ( handler I'iurd, near mouth
of Kuggles Kivur.
Junction Lake llazen and Rugglus
Kiver.
Two miles .southeast nf tienrietta Nes-
niith ( ilaciur.
Camp X, Ruggles Kiver.
NORTH COAST OK UREKNLAND.
1882.
May 4
6
6
8
8
10
la
12
13
•5
«4
«5
•9
20
Lock wood.
...do
...do
...do
...do.. ..
...do
do
...do
...do
...do
...do
...do
...do
...do
Latitude .
...do...
Longitude
Latitude .
..-.do
I..ongitude
Latitude .
longitude
...do
...do
Latitude .
...do
Mean I4tli
I.atitude .,
Longitude .
Sul)|Kilar set ..
Cir. nicr. set . .
Morning sight.
C. M.set
.Subpolar set . .
Morning sight
C M. set
P.M. sight....
...do
A. M. and P.
M., mean.
Sul>|)olar set . .
C. M.set
anil 15th
Suliixilar set . .
o /
^ 8244
<^ =82545 -
X-=lS 3 K. of Conger.
^^83 10.3
V* 83 7.5
X 20 8 E. of Conger
'> 83 "9
X 22 4 E. of Conger
X 23 o K. of Cnnger
X - 24 o E. of Conger
V>-^83 24.7
«.--83 22.7
'S=83 23-7
0 82 SI
X 15 I E. of Conger
Cflpe Hritannia.
Lockwood Island.
East.
KarthesI North and
Ca|)e Krederick.
Cine i|uarteruf a mile southwest of Ca|)e
Hritannia.
INTERIOR OK GRINNELL LANlJ.
1882.
June 25
26
26
28
28
29
29
July 1
6
6
Greely
do
....do
...do
. do
...do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
Latitude ...
....do.
Longitude..
....do
Latitude ...
.....do
Longitude..
....do
I.Atitude
Longitude . .
( 0
....do
..-.do
Latitude ...
CM. set
....do
P. M.set.
....do
CM. set
....do
P. M.set
....do
CM. set
A. M.set
P. M.set
A. M.set
....do
C. M.set
0 /
0 81 45
Three miles west of Ijike Hcinlzelman.
Divide lietween Lake llazen and Ulack
Rock Vale,
l^ake Appleby.
Cobb River.
Very Valley.
CtimpVIIL
^81 49
X »..
X -- s 5 W. of Conger t
^81 47.4t
^ •
X— •
X-«
^-*
x=*
X-:»
X-=:»
X.-»
0-»
Camp XIV.
* This value obtained from large scale map made at Kort Conger after return of sledge party.
f Values obtained in May which agreed with those in July.
r*
78
THB LADY FBAl^KLIN BAT EXPEDITION.
Asinnomual obstrvatiom by field parties of the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition — Continued.
CROSSING OK ORINNKI.L LAND.
1
Date.
( )l>servcr.
For—
Hy-
KeiulU.
I.ocalitiei.
i88j.
May 1
3
5
S
7
\
8
9
9
10
to
Ix)Ckwoo<I..
....do
....do
...do
..do
..do
...do
....do
...do
....do
...do
....do
...do
....do
.. do
...do
I. .do
...do
latitude ...
lx)ni;itude..
tlo
I.alitude ...
...do
I.<)nt;itude..
Latitude ...
Longitude ..
Latitude ...
Longitude . .
CO......
latitude ...
....do
Longitude .
<H)
Latitude . ..
Longitude •
Latitude ...
C M.set
A. M.set
...do
C M.set
...do
1'. M.set
CM. set
CM. set
A. M.sct
...do
C M.set
....do
P.M. set
...-do
C M.set .. .
A. M.an.l 1'.,
M.set, mean. '
CM. set
0 /
A=i 8o 59. 7
Ulacier.
1 1 lead Beatrix Bay.
1 First camp. Musk Ox Valley.
I Second cimp, Musk Ox Valley.
Third camp, Musk Ox Valley.
Just we.st or crest of (irinnell Ijtnd.
lAike near head of Greely Fiord.
1 Circely Fiord, near V.Vstem Sea.
J Farthest west.
A— 70 41 W
>= 70 31 W
♦ = «l y.8
V^ 8i 17
A— 70 46 W
f>- 81 18.4
;i= 71 I w
0= 81 15.6
i^ 71 46 w
^-7341 w
<> - Ki 8.3
<^=. 81 S' 2
>— 74 41 w
■K= 76 13 w
9= 80 56.5
A= 78 36 W
0= 80 48. 6 .
MISCELLANKOUS.
1883.
May 8
8
Israel .
...do.
Latitude . ..
lx>ngiludc ..
C M.set
A. M. and I'.
M. obs.
<^= 81
gcr.
32 27-7
57.5 E. of Con
I Cape Baird,
II 9
Appendix No. 136. — Hydrography.
[The subject of sea temperatures, &c., will be found incorporated in the meteorological report under
that head. — A. VV. Greely, Litut.\
ill.
,. (..
OBSERVATIONS ON THl: VELOCITY OF SOUND AT LOW TEMPERA-
TURES.
Appendix No. 137.
A large number of observations were made with a view of accurately determining whether the incre-
ment of velocity of sound in air with increasing warmth is constant at very low temperatures.
The experiments were ma<ie by the discharge of a rifle or revolver, and the recording of both flash and
report by means of a chronograph, which used in astronomical observations recorded seconds by an electrical
circuit and a circuit-breaking chronometer.
In order to make the record comparable the observations were all made by the same person. The
measurement of the elapsed time was made by one person, and after November 12, 1882, were measured
independently by the astronomer. Sergeant Israel, and in cases where the two measurements did not agree
to one hundredth of a second, they were remeasured or thrown out entirely.
Two sets of observations were made the first winter, which gave generally satisfactory results, although
they could not be absolutely accurate as the distance 5406 feet [1647.72"'] was measured by a surveyor's
chain. The results were as follows :
Date.
Temi)eralurc.
Oistance.
Shots.
Velocity per
iiccoiid.
Katcordecreasv
each Jegrec*
Kemark.s.
1882.
1-eb. 13
Feb 14
-S8« (-50° C.)
-So.'>i(-4S.6C.5
Feel.
3406
5406
Meiers.
1647. 72
1647. 72
8
5
Feel.
1011.4
999. 0
Meiers.
308. 27
304-49
Fahr.
.892
I. 129
C.
1.606
2.032
Calm and clear.
Uo.
*The rate of decrease has been calculated on the assumptiou that sound travels 1091.67 feet [332.73"'] per second
at the temperature of 32° [0.0 C.]. These are the velocities given by Van Der Koch 1091.67 (±3.7') feet [332.73""]
in dry air.
The general mean indicated a decrease of 0.983 feet [.302""] for each degree (1.790 feet [.546""] for each
degree centigrade), against i.i 10 feet {•340'"] for each degree which has been determined at highei tempera-
tures. As the difference could have easily resulted from errors inseparable from the method of determining
the dutance, the experiments were continued the second winter with greater accuracy.
Base lines were carefully measured on the fast ice by Sergeant Israel, who determiiod the distance
between the firing and observing station by two different sets of angles. As the two lesi.'is agreed within
a foot [.305*"] the mean 4,197.0 feet [1,279.22'"] was adopted. This distance was the greatest which could
be adopted between points convenient of access.
In firing, the muzzle of the rifle was held over the stake, or in firing at right angle was over it.
The entire sets of observations, good or bad, have all been reproduced, although two sets, November 2
and 3, 1882, have not been used in calculating means, being considered unreliable owing to snow impeding
the action of the key of the chronograph.
The different sets have been combined w-'h each other, so that observations are brought together
where the temperatures do not deviate over 2°.i (i"'.2 C.) in any case, and generally but 1° (o°.6 C.) from the
mean.
79
KMiif^Sff
80
TlIK LADY KRANKIilN BAY KXPKDITION.
I>ist;lllir 4,l'i7." (ciM 1 1 .37').3j"|.
1 '
NnnilK.T ll(
ciliscrvntiuiu.
Mi'irr.iM' 111!
1 >icriMM' fur
'ri-nipcnxtiin-
VcUicily |Hr sccoiul.
iMcliil'j;i«c
Kniir.
cvnlif'riiilc.
l-,,k,-.
C.
Fe>t.
M,l<>s.
IWt.
Mflfis.
K'
17. <•
-8.0
1,077.60
.W8. 47
0. .)7i
"• 53^
17
2.6
-!(...,
i.oS.j.Si
J2I. 1.)
1. aS8
0. 7',>8
20
- 8. 1
-•J^-.i
l.<>7.(-ti.S
J27. Of.
I.. 464
0. 254
18
-14 J
--•5-7
1 . ().<(>. ()5
.JI6. U>
II. 170
0. 649
70
— 1<>. (I
-i,S.7
I.D.lt. J<»
.!I4'>»
l.iji
0. 620
8
-j.S.C.
.!-!. "
l.i«>.S.,S,)
.i"7- 5"
•■4.!7
0. 781
.,6
-.W 5
-.15- S
1.016. 75
JtW). IJO
1. 162
o.6i8
68
-.19.8
-J'l. <>
1.015 -M
.(""I 44
1. 065
0. 583
74
-44- '»
-42.7
i)9.(. 80
\,KM. .)0
1.46.?
0.610
I.J«
-47.0
-.ISf'
1,1x17. IX)
1.021.23
J"''- '.»5
311.26
.
0. 548
544
I.O<).>
0. fw.j
According; to those results tlu- velocity of soiiiul at a temperature of — jj.i (—35.6 (;.| is 1,021.23 feet
(3ii.a6"'||ier.seeoiiii. This gives (assuiniiif; sound to travel 1.091.67 feet [332.73'"] in dry air at 32° [o'C'.l)
a decrease of 1.099 feet ner seioiid for eat h dcuree l''ahr. [0.603'" for cad) dejjrec ccnti^rade|.
.\s rliis dilfers hut 0.01 1 foot [0.0033 n"'| from the results obtained at higher ten)|uratures, it is probable
th.it the rate for moderate distames continues constant at least from 32" [0° C!.] to —54" [—48° C'.|.
'{'he v.iriations in dilVcrent sets from this rate of decrease tannot always be satisfactorily explaineil.
The range over which the sound p.isseil was along the co.ist line, and almost cniirely over land. Il was
necessarily assumed that the temperature of the intervening m.iss of air was (onsiant, and that it coincided
with the temperature of tlie air as shown by the regular thermometer in the instrument .shelter, whii h was a
liuiulrcil yards [91"'] distant, and about six feet [2'") higher aboxe the sea.
The moisture of the air could not bo determined, a.s the readings of the wet bulb were nearly always
higher than the dry bulb. The amount of moisture in air at the low temperatures in which the observations
were made must have been very small.
During these sets of observations light snow was failing, under which conditions the velocity appeared
to be slightly diminished. In dear, calm weather, however, there were occasions on which the velocity
varied from the mean to a greater degree than during snow.
On J.muary 19, 1S83, an experiment was made to determine whether sound traveled with the same
velocity in both diri. 1 lions. Sergeant llrainard tired a revolver at the home station, while the regular ob-
server broke the cin iiit at the Hash, and later broke it again at the Hash and report from the ilistant station.
Sergeant Long at the distant station fired only when he heard the report of the revolver at the home station.
The mean of fifty practice observ.uions showed that Sergeant I.ong fired o.iih second after hearing a
designated sound. The two velocities as deduced from eighteen sluils substantially agreed, after applying
the <:orrection for personal ei|ualion, being 976.75 feet [ '97.7i"'j p^'f second, against 977.87 feet [298.05'"].
This velocity was relatively the slowest of the entire series, and would have been regarded as doubtliil had not
the rate in the two directions so closely agreed. The air was clear and calm, not a breath stirring .it either
station. The temperature, — 43.''i [—41". 7 C.|, was determineil five minvites before the first shot, and the
observations covered fifteen minutes. The temperature fi)rty minutes after the observations hail fallen 4°.3
(2°. 4 C), which accounted for only one sixth of the retardation. If it had been at high tide it would have
seemed possible that moist air from salt water forcetl up through ailjacent tidal cracks had drifted into the line
uf sound, but the experiments took ))laie ii midtide and in the neaps, when tidewater was almost unknown.
On several occasions a second observ cr was sent out lu give the command for firmg, in oriler to note
how much later the voice could be heard, or in other words how much the velocity of somul increased with
loudness. The connuand " fire," which preceded the act by a fourth of a second on an average, was always
heard before the rejiorl of the gun.
It seems well to here correct misstatements under acoustics in the lasi edition of the F.ncyclopedia
Hritannica, or to i'arry's experiences oh this l.ist point. The experiments were made at Winter Island, Keb
ruary 9, 1822, at scarcely over a mile, and not "at a distance of 2^4 miles." The gun instead of being
"invariably" heard before the word of connnand was heard on this day oidy, and but several times out of
filteen re|)orts. The fi)llowing conditions obtained: Light wind against the sound, barometer 28.84
[732.52"""] (lowest registered from which may be inferred storm cdnditions of the air) ; clear sky ; temperature
—as" [—31. 7° C.]; sound condition (on basis of i.i 10 change for each degree) unfavorable.
TUB LADY FUANIvIilN RAY KXPKDITION.
it
ExpfriuKHts (III thf vf/ih'ity of sounJ,
(VrollKR S. 1882, 5.15 1'. M.
(H-TiillKR 1 1, l8.->2, 5 1'. M.
Number. 1
i
Kln|i«eil
tunc.
ConitUioiw, &c.
Nnnilier.
I'°.la|vic(l
lime.
Comlitionit, &c.
Trniperalure: 3.4" [— IS.9''C.].
S|.iMn;lielil army rille.
lire (liieelly Imvarils oliserver.
Sonnd, (auiy .sh.up.
ll.iionieler, J().5<io [750.81"""].
Weatlier : «. lotuly.
l-irinu sl.itlon iliie .S.
Wiml : l-'iiinj; slat ion,vcryli(;lil. east
eriy, lianlly peieepliMe: observ-
ing; station, very lii;lit SSK., al«»it
1 mile per hour [0.4"' per secoml].
Mean velocity 1,042 feet [317.59"']
per .secoml.
1
3
3 -
4..-
5
6
5::.:::::
9
10
Mcnn .
I'Imin. corr .
I'orr.ineirn..
StffHjs.
\ »n
3- '>S4
3.936
3-799
3- <»f*>
3. 867
3- <»7S
V8.)o
4- 075
3. (K1<K'
— . 01 1
3- 8950
1
1
Temiicrntiirc : —8.6" [—22.<^'>C.].
|)i>lniu'f: 4,li»7 fi-et f l,27i).22"']. ;
Wiiiil: ('aim at lH)tl\ staliiiiis.
Wcallu'r: rioar at Im)|Ii stations.
Wca|H)n : S|iriiit;licl<l nriny rillc.
Mean velocity per secoml 1,077.^
ftcl [328.42"'].
1
StiOHiis. 1
4. U20
3.S28 '\
3-913
4. 1 u.
4. K'4
4.o<i<i
4.074
4.272
4.098
3.848
3
3
4
I. -.-
1;::::::::
9
10
Mean
(.'liron. corr .
Corr. mean..
4- 0343
— . 01 01)
4. 0J84
May i(>, i88.}.
NllVKMMl K 3, ISS.', 5 r. M.
1.
2
3- 924
3- «')9
3. S89
3. <)o,;
3- «5'
3 94"
3. 90(.
3- 9.!''
3. !<<»<'
3. SSs
3. o-o
3- ><5»
4. 0(X1
3.8to
3-945
3- SS9
3- 9.Si
3. S02
(•)
3-S'S
3. l)IO
3- «95
3- ')"S
3- '"7
4.1XX}
(•)
4-005
3- «»77
3.90*.
3- «3i
3- «.«o
3- 954
3-84^
3 940
3. 878
3. 864
(. 0<H)
3. 878
(•)
(f)
3 0<hO
. OIIK)
3- 8<)37
I>istnncc; 4.I97 fcH [1,279.22'"].
Rciwrt .hill.
Colt's army revolver.
Kireil at ri(;lit angles.
Tenipoiaturc; i?.''" f 8.0" ('.]
Haromeler: 2i).S92 [759.24"""].
Delaclieil clomls.
Wiml : At olworvint; station, N\V, 4
null's per Irnnr [1.8"' pi-r Nt'ootit'],
vaiialilo; at lirnn; slalion, calui.
I'irini; station iluc S. of olwerver.
* Reconl poor,
f 1' lasli nii.sscil.
Mean velocity per A-eond. 1,077.80
fi'''' l3-'8-5.r J.
1
4.350
4 "15
4 070
\. IKX)*
4.113
4- .V»«
4.204
4. 01 1
4. Ilitil
— , OltX)
4. 1551
Distance; 4.10" feel [1,270.22"']
Sprin^tielii ntle, (iniin.iry cailii»l^;c.
1 en shots, two of »liu h ihe chmno.
(;ra|ih laileil lo reioril. owinj; to
key. One shol was late at llash,
ami so reieeleil recoril. Mash
lowaril slailoii.
Weather; Clomly.
Wiml: I'alm al station; haiely per
ceplihie air from llieS.al I'roleusi
I'oinl.
Temperalure: — 13..'" [ .•5 l"C.].
Souml, liiiilv sharp.
The reci)ril, ln.\vever, as a wlutle is
pool, anil Ihis is relauuil only lor
use in case noolhir shuts are lireil
at this lemp< raUire.
*l'l.'^sh lecorilol late; omitleil in
means.
Mean velocity per secoml, 1,010. i
feel [307. 87"'].
2 . .
3
4 -
5
6
3 -
4
s
<•
7
7
8
8
9
10.
II
Mean
C'hron. corr .
Corr. mean..
12
•3
14-
•s
16
17
18
10
20
21
32
23
24 . .
3< ....
26
37
OlTOHKR 12. 188.'. 5 \\ M.
28
29
3".
11
1
.1-871
.1- 1)73
3- 84,1
,?■ "38
3. l)20
3- >>7.t
4. 03S
3. 8.S0
3. 9(K)
3. <t'K>
3- 9.l8<>
.. OHX)
3- ')-'77
Oislnnce: 4,197 feet [1,270.22'"].
Sprin(;lielil rille, lireil ilirectly to-
waril Ihe station.
Weather ; ( lear, calm al each i>oint.
Keixirls of j;nn heard with ,v»i'i//
1 /.-,/<;/, It or ,v/;,i</»>/,-i.(.
Temperalure : 7.(1" | — J J.o" C.].
llaromet.'r: 29.59S [751.77 'J.
Mean velocity per second, 1,0686
feet [325.70'"].
3».--
ij
3 ..
3
4
5
(I
34
3S
36
37
3«
V) ...
7
8
9
lo
Mean
Cliron. Corr
I'orr. mean.
40
>lli>ls)." _.
Chroii. corr
Cnrrnu'iui .
II. A
llH. 303
pti> 0
;
I
82
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Experiments on the velocity of sound — Continued.
October 17, 1882, 5 p. m.
Number.
Elapsed
time.
I
2 ..
Seconds.
4.107
4.021
4. 119
4.036
3-974
(»)
4-352
4.041
3.891
3.822
3
4
6
7
8
0
10
Mean
Chron. corr .
4- 0403
—.0109
Corr.mean..
4. 0294
Conditions, &c.
Ten shots from Springfield rifle,
fired toward the station.
Firing station due S. of oI)server.
Wind: At Fort Conger, light SE.
air, alxjiit 1 mile i>er hour [.4™
per second]; at I'roteus Point,
light NW. air, about I mile per
hour [.4"' jicr second].
Weather: Clear.
Sound dead, but distinct.
Temperature: — 14.9° [ — 26.I"' C]
* Flash missed.
Mean velocity per second, 1,041.6
feet [317-47"']-
NOVEMBER 2, 1882, 5 P. M.
I.
4.087
1-i
4.103
4.156
{•)
4.219
4. 180
(*)
r)
2 .
-J
4 ...
5
I:::::::::
7
8
0
10
corr.
ean..
Mean .
Chron.
Coir. re
4. 1450
-.0109
4. «34i
Temperature: —18° [—27.8° C]
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279.22"'].
Wind : Calm at both stations.
Weather: Clear.
Springfield rille, ordinary cartridge.
Flash toward station.
•Snow interfered with action of
chronograph key by which five
records were imperfect. The en-
tire record not satisfactory owing
to key.
Mean velocity per second, 1,015 '^^'
[309.36".].
November ii, 1882, 5.15 p.m.
I
4.185
(*)
3-973
4-135
4. 120
4.187
4.178
4. 262
4.085
4.077
2
1
A,
I
7
%:::::::.
9
10
Mean
Chron. corr.
4. 1336
—.0109
Corr.mean..
4. 1227
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279.22™].
Springfield rifle, ordinary cartridge.
Calm at each station.
Clear.
Report fairly shar|).
Harometer, 29.794 [756.75 '""•].
Temperature: — 34.1°[— 36.7°C.],
* Missed flash
Mean velocity, per second, loi8.02
feet [310. 28"'].
October 26, 1882, 5 p. m.
Number.
Elapsed
time.
1
'Seconds.
4. on
4.105
4.«3'
3. 93"
4.066
3. 778*
4. 151
4.192
3.893
4.208
2 .
3
4 —
5
6
7
8
0
10
Mean
Chron. corr .
4. 0764
—.0109
Corr.mean..
4.0655
Conditions, &c.
Distance: 4,197 feet [l,279.22<<>].
Springfield rifle, ordinary cartridge.
Barometer: 30.263 [768.67"""'].
Temperature: — 13.6''[— 25.3°C.].
Wind : Calm at both stations.
Weather: Detached cloHds.
Sound of report distinct,but not very
sharp.
* Delay in breaking current ; omitted
from mean.
Mean velocity per second, 1,032.3
feet [314.63"'].
October 10, 1882, 5.30 p. m.
1
3.920
4. 116
3.938
3.9«7
3.912
3.886
4.013
3.930
2
3..
4
5
6
7
8...
Mean
Chron. corr .
3.954
—.oil
Corr.mean,.
3.943
Temperature: -f 1.5° [—16.9° C.].
Distance: 4,197 feet [l,279.22"»].
Weather : Light snow.
Wind : Fort Conger, very light east-
erly air, alxiut I mile an hour [0.4™
per second] ; Proteus Point, very
light northeasterly air, scarcely
l>ercept''>le.
Gun disciiarged at right angles to
line of sound.
Mean velocity per second, 1,064.4
feet [324.44"']. Omitting No. 2,
mean 3.920 seconds, 1,070.7 feet
[326.34"'] per second.
November 12, 1882, 5 p.m.
I ..
4.200
4.026
4.066
4.080
4.179
4.082
4.240
4.282
4.3'6
2
3 --.
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Mean
Chron. corr:
4. "634
—.0109
Corr.mean..
4. 1525
Distance : 4,197 feet [1,279.22™ ].
Springfield rifle, at right angles.
Report dull.
Clear. At Fort Conger anemometer
cups not moving, but smoke was
moving very slowly from NNW.
At Proteus Point, almost imper-
ceptible air from N.
Barometer: 29.444 r747.86"'">].
Temperature: — Sl.a" [—35.4*
C]
* Imp. record.
Mean velocity, per second, 1,010.71
feet [308.06"'].
iM'
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
83
Experiments on the velocity of sound — Continued.
)
NovEMiiBR i8, 1882, 5 r. M.
November 20, 1882, 5 r. m.
Number.
I...
2
Klaiwecl
time.
Conditions, &c.
Number.
Klajised
time.
Conditions, &c.
Seconds.
4.055
4.288
4- 133
4.058
4.078
4. IIS
4.226
4- 138
4.222
3- 987
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279. 22™ ].
Springlield rille, caliber 45, ordinary
l)al cartridge ; at right angles.
Clear, calm.
Itarometer : 29.805 [757.04"""].
Temperature: —32.6 [— 35.9° C.]. ■
Mean velocity per second, 1,018.91
feet[4io.56n'].
Seconds.
4. 161
4-233
4.183
4.080
(*)
4-259
4- '95
4. 161
4.095
(t)
4. 1709
— .0109
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279.22"'].
Clear. Anemometer cups barely
moving— NE. air. At I'roteus
Point, calm. .Sound, dull. S )ring-
field rifle and ordinary ba 1 car-
tridge used.
Itarometer: 36.0^2 [763.31'"'"].
Temperature : — 25.6° [— 32.0° C.].
» Missed flash,
t Record deficient.
Mean velocity per second, 1,008.89
feet [307.50'"].
2
3-
4
%
4 --
5
i::::::::
6
7
7
8
9
10
9
10
Mean
Chrun. corr.
Corr. mean .
Mean
Chron. corr.
Corr. mean .
4.1300
— .0109
4,1191
4. 1600
NOVEMF
ER 22, 1882, 8 A. M.
. NOVEMRER 22, 1882, 5 1'. M.
Rifle.
Seronds.
4. 216
4- 239
4-235
4.301
4.016
3- 932
^\
4- 256
4. 245
3- 998
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279.22'"].
Clear, calm at l)Oth stations.
Report sharp.
Temperature: —32.6° [ — 35.9° C.].
Barometer: 30.335 [770.50"""].
* Hash signal late.
Mean velocity per second, i,o' • 9
feet [308.32"'].
* Incomplete record, shots fired too
rapidly.
Mean velocity per second, 1,022.09
feet [311.53".].
Rifle.
w
Seconds.
4.006
4.178
4. 140
4. 128
4.086
4. 120
4.056
4.104
4-045
4-158
4. 1021
— .0109
4.0912
Distance: 4,297 feet [1,279.22'"].
Clear, barely percepti ile NE. air.
Anemometer cups not stirring.
At I'roteus Point, calm.
Temperature: — 32.6° [ —35.9° C.].
Itarometer: 30.349 [770.85"""].
Mean velocity per second, 1,025.86
feet [312.68'"].
Dist.ince; 4,197 feet [1,279.22'"].
Ordinary cartridges tired from regu-
lation Springfield rifle and Colt's
army revolver. In A. M., 12
rifle followed by 24 revolver
shots; but in P. M., the 12 rifle
shots were fired between the I2tli
and 1 3th /«/<;/ shot; the 13th shot
receiving No. 23, &.C. liut very
slight difference in loudness of
pistol and rifle rei^rfs. Rifle
slightly the loudest. Flash of re-
volver, however, much more dis-
tinct.
* Thrown out.
t Imperfect record.
Mean velocity per second, 1,016.94
feet [309.96"'].
2
Id
3 -
4
15
16
17
s
6
7
18....
«9 -
20
21
8
9
10
22
Mean (9
shots)
Chron. corr.
Corr. mean.
Revolver.
I -
2....
3
Mean (10
shots)
Chron. corr.
Corr. mean .
Ri't'olvi-r.
I
2
4. 1598
—.0109
4. 1489
4. 166
^*\
4. 106
4.211
4- '79
4.194
4.216
3-969
4-173
4. 107
3.961
(*)
*)
3-995
4.081
4.063
4.148
4.061
4.198
4.165
(*)
4-215
4.400*
4.165
4.180
4.002
4.174
4.214
4.165
4.067
(t)
4- '23
4- '73
4. 161.
4. 162
4.220
4.027
4.138
4.099
4. 121
4.103
4.140
4.086
4.144
4.156
•J
4
4 . - -
5
6
5
6
7
7
&..:..:...
8 . . .
9
0..
10
lo
II
II
12
12
13
21
14
24.
15
2S
16
26
17
27.
18
28...
29
■;o
19
20
21
22
23-
24
31
32-- -
33-
td
Mean (17
shots)
Chron. corr.
Corr. mean .
Mean (22
shots)
Chron. corr.
Corr. mean .
4-1172
— .0109
4.1380
— .0109
4.1063
4- 1271
Ill
ifi
H
TDK LADY FUANKLTN BAY EXPEDITION.
Experiments on the velocity of sound — Continued,
NOVI'.MIIKK 21, 1.SS2, 5 r. M.
DKI KMIIKR 2, I.S82, 5 I'. M.
Numl>er.
Klapsed
time.
I
2
X
Sfionds.
4. 056
4.250
4. 202
4.079
4. 212
4-IS9
4.218
4.034
4. 162
4.092
4 - -
5-—
6 .. ...
7-
8
q
10
Me.in . .
Cliroti. corr.
4. 1464
—.0109
Corr. mean.
4- I3S5
Condition.s, &c.
Distance; 4,197 feet [1,279.22'"].
.Spriiiglield rille, orilinary l>all car-
tridge iiseil.
Clear, calm. Sound, dull.
I'roteus I'oint, calm.
Barometer : 30.205 [767.20"""].
Temperature: — 30.4° [ — 34.7° C]
Mean velocity per second, 1,014.87
feet [309.33'"]-
Decemher 20, 1SS2, 5.10 p. M.
I
2
3 -
4
5 -
6
7
8
9
10
u...
12
•3
14
>S -
16
'7
18
«9
20
21
2i
23
24--
25
26
27
28
29 -
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37 -
38
39
Mean (37
.shots) ...
Chron. corr
Corr. mean
309
254
992
160
036
094
098
149
175
935
4.098
4-197
(*)
4.127
050
114
057
040
118
943
099
043
013
107
047
937
943
055
045
006
964
(*)
4.071
3-95°
39'9
4.085
4.077
4. 009
4. 043
4.0638
— . 0109
4.0529
DIst.ince: 4,197 feet [1,279.22"'].
Light snow.
Calm at each station.
Colt's army revolver, cal. 45, used.
ReiKirt dull. Forty-two shots lired,
3 missed and 2 were late.
Barometer: 29.943 [760.54"""].
Temperature: — 19.5° [ — 28.6°C.].
•Flash signal late.
Mean velocity per second, 1,035.55
feet [315.628'"].
Number.
Klapsed
time.
Kijle
I - - ...
Seconds.
4. 164
4- 195
4- "63
4.046
4.118
4.152
4. 180
4. 196
4-155
4.185
4-231
4. 206
4.028
4.341
3-.-
4
5
Revotih-r.
6
7--
8
Q
10
II
12
I }
14
15
Mean (14
shots)
Chron. corr.
4. 1686
— . 0109
Corr. mean .
4- 1577
Conditions, &c.
r)istance; 4,197 feet [1,279.22'"].
Key worked l).adly and only part of
the 36 shots could lie read.
Calm and clear.
Barometer: 29.954 [760.82'"'"].
Temperature: —40.1° [— 40.|"C.].
Mean velocity per second, 1,009.89
feet [307.80S'"].
Decemdkr 26, 1882, 5.15 r. M.
I
2
3 — -
4
5
6
7
8
9---
10
II
12
<3
'4---
15.
16
•7
18
•9
20
21
22
23
24
25 ---
26...
27 --
28
29
30
3'
32
33----
34
35
36--
37
38
39
40--
Mean (34
shots)
Chron. corr_
Corr. mean .
4. no
4.096
4. 118
4. 280
4.179
4. 144
3-998
4. Ill
4.000
4.177
4.124
4- '54
3-998
4.000
(*)
4-<23
4.185
4.031
3-996
4.024
4.004
4. 098
3-975
3-985
4.055
4-055
3- 929
(•)
3-974
4. no
.088
.081
.992
.070
•39
4.056
(t)
4071S
—.0109
4. 0606
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279.22'"].
Weather: Clear. ^
Wind : About I mile per hour [.4""
per second] K. at station. Calm
at I'roteus I'oint.
Report dull.
Barometer; 30.247 [768.26'"'"].
Temperature': —19.9° [— 28.8°C.].
* Imperfect record.
f Missed flash.
Mean'velocity per second, 1,033.59
feet [31503''"]-
THE LADY FUAMKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
85
Expirimcnts oh the velocity of sound — Continued.
N<)VEMHER 29, 1882, 6 I'. .M. 1
FEHRtlARY 3, 1883, 5.05 I'. .M.
Number.
Klai>sed
time.
Conditions, &c.
Number,
Elapsed
time.
Conditions, &c.
I
Stionds.
4.156
4.074
4.186
4.127
4.191
4-253
4. 188
4. 1S7
Revolver 36 shots; at right angles. 1
Distance: 4,197 ft-ct [1,279.22"']. <
Clear, calm.
llaromeler: 30.182 [766.61'""'].
Temperature: —44.3" [ — 42.4° C'.].
I
Seconds.
4-434
4-464
4. 210
4. 261
4- 3''>9
4.287
4- 150
4- '93
4-274
4-324
4.060
4. 126
4- '05
4.158
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279.22"'],
Caim and clear,
Sound, fairly sharp.
Colt's revolver.
Temperature: —51.6° [—46.4°C.].
Mean velocity per second, 991.50
feet [302.203"'].
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279.22"'].
Calm and clear.
Sound, fairly sharp.
Colt's revolver.
Temperature: —51.6° [— 46.4°C.],
Two sets of 41 .shots each lired.
Unsatisfactory record for many
shots, owing first time to trouble
with key breaking current, and
after by ink freezing on paper or
chronograph.
Mean velocity per second, 1,002,72
feet [305.622'n],
Grand mean velocity per second, 999
feet [304.489"'].
2
7
2
J
4
4
5
5
6
6.... . :
7- . .-
7
8
9 --
II..
9 to 24
25
4. 112
4.178
4. 122
4-203
4- «44
4.266
(t)
4.107
4-3«3
4.099
4.140
before observer.
1 1'lash-signal late.
Mean velocity per second, 1,008.80
feet [307.48"'].
12
•3
'4
IS
2b.
27
28
xa
16
Mean (14
shots)
Chron. corr .
Corr. mean .
I
10
■?!..
4- 2439
—.0109
32
3J -
35
Mean (iS
shots)
Chron. corr.
Corr. mean.
4- 2330
4. 1714
—.0109
4.160S
4.271
4. '83
4.280
4.079
4-3'o
4- '35
4-152
4-242
4.198
4. lOI
4. 200
4.188
4. 220
4.218
4.184
4.226
4.288
4-233
4.263
4,094
4-175
4.125
4,105
4. 162
4.362
4.204
4.148
4.117
4-235
2
•J
4 ■--
5
9
10
12
14
15
16.
1*7
January 4, 1883, 5 v. m.
21
i 22
23
I
2
3...
4.266
4- 232
4-273
4-325
4.291
4. 141
4-231
4.086
4- '93
4.128
4-147
4.246
4-«S2
4-152
4. 126
4.149
4.286
4.178
4->93
4.060
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279.22'"].
Weather: Clear and calm at both
stations.
Sound : Fairly sharp.
Colt's army revolver, with standard
ammunition, used.
Temperature : — 39-2° [ — 39.6° C] .
H.irometer: 29.729 [755.10'""'].
Forty shots were lired, but the rec-
ord on chronograph was very bad,
so only the fellowing twenty could
be read and reduced.
Mean velocity per second, 1 ,003.39
feet [305.826'"].
25
2S
10_
4
12
s
\X
6
7
8
34
IC
^6
9.
XI
10.
38
II. _.
12
i-i
40
4«
Mean (29
shots)
Chron. corr
Corr. mean
Mean (43
shots)
Chron. corr .
Corr. mean
14
IC ...
4- 1965
—.0109
16 ::
17
18
19
4, 1856
20
Mean
Chron, corr .
Corr. mean .
4. 2119
—.0109
4. 2010
4- '927s
—.01090
4. 1828
i|
i
86
THE LAUY FRANKLIN UAY EXPEDITION.
Experiments on the velocity of fo»«</— Continued.
January 19, 1883, 5.10 p. m.
Column I.
Column 3.
Conditions, &c.
Number.
Klapseil
time.
Number.
Elapsed
time.
I...... ...
SeconJs.
4-595
4-563
4-373
4-254
4. 466
4.440
4.618
4-655
(t)
2 „
Seconds.
4-363
4. 41 1
4.663
4-425
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279.22'"].
Clear and calm at both stations.
Keixjrt dull.
Temperature: —43.1° [— 4l.7°C.].
Sergeant Urainard tired revolver in front of my face. At flash,
the circuit was broken. I'rivate l^)ng, at I'roteus I'oint, on
seeing flash put his linger on trigger and (ircd as soon as he
heart the rciwrt. At his fla.sh the circuit wa.s again broken,
and the time elapsed is given in column I. As soon as rcpirt
of Long's pistol was heard tlie circuit was again broken, anil
the time is nivcn in column 2.
%
4 ..
c
6
7
9
8
II
i-i
12 , .
4.244
4.250
4-331
4- 346
if!
14.-
IC
16
18
20
17.,
19
21
22
23
4-722
4-53"
4^468
4-542
4-495
4.500
4.578
4- 656
4-637
24. .
4-37' i !'"'■<"" 50 experiments it was found tliat Private Long's firing from
4. 216 i a uiven sound took .226 second's time.
25
26
27
28
4.209
4-277
4.258
4- 234
4. 220
4-130
4.241
4-263
•
* Late at Fort Conger.
t Late in flash.
1 Flash missed at Troteus I'oint.
Mean velocity per second, 976.75 feet [297-707"], column i ;
977.87 feet [298.049'"] per second, column 2.
20...
;o
31
J2
■x-i ...
14
^s
36
V]
38 ;
•JO
40 . . .
41 .....
42
Mean (18 .shot.s)..
Clircn. corr
Corrected mean ..
4- 5338
— . 226
4- 3029
— .0109
Corr. mean ..
4- 3078
—.0109
4- 2969
4. 2920
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
87
Experiments on the veloiity of sound — Continued.
January 14, 1883, 5 r. m.
Number.
Elapsed
time.
I
3
3
4- -
6
7
8
9
10
12...
«3
«4
16
«7
18
«9
ao
21...
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3«
32
33
3|
36
37
38
39 -
40
Mean
Chron. corr
Corr.mean.
Seconds.
171
189
no
217
083
221
024
4.096
4.204
4.114
4. 160
4.056
4.004
«37
«43
08s
76
010
073
4.098
413"
4.083
4.013
4- 073
4.090
4. no
4. 101
4.006
4.031
112
100
144
120
18S
4. 10794
— .01090
4.097
Conditions, &c.
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279.22'"].
Colt's army revolver, army car-
tridge.
liarometer: 29.766 [756.04"""].
Temperature: —40* [—40° C.].
Report sharp and very distinct.
Clear, occaslunally puffs of lightest
air from the K. (across line), at
Fort Conger, during firing.
At Proteus Point calm, candle burn-
ing in open air undisturbed.
Nos. 5, 1 1, and 22, imperfect record.
Nos. 15, 23, and 24, flash- signal late.
Mean velocity per second, 1,024.4
feet [313.23'"].
January 16, 1883.
Number.
3.
4-
5
6.
7-
8.
9-
10.
n.
12.
'3-
14-
•S-
16.
17.
18.
«9-
20.
21.
22.
23-
24-
2S-
26.
27-
28.
29-
30-
3«-
32-
33-
34-
35-
36-
37-
38-
39-
40.
41-
Elapsed
time.
Mean (38
shots) ....
Chron. corr .
Corr.mean..
SiconJs.
4.256
4. 191
4.228
4.288
4- 143
4.215
4.207
4.281
4.282
4.169
4- 307
4-384
4- 369
4- "92
4-274.
4. 186
4. 120
4-444
223
•77
126
307
160
292
274
(t)
4.214
4-147
4-178
4.007
4.246
4-356
4.197
266
385
173
«9S
210
156
(t)
Conditions, &c.
4- 2322
—.0109
Distance: 4,197 feet [1,279.22"'].
At l>eginning, barely iterceptible air
from SE.
nth to 22d shots, about i mile iter
hour [0.4'" per second] which
died away so that from 34th shot
smoke rose perpendicularly.
Sound at first dull, but became
gradually sharper.
Clouds about 4.
Temperature : — 46. 1 " [— 43.4° C] .
* Missed.
t Sound signal late.
4- 2213
% Missed flash.
Mean velocity per second, 994.34
feet [303.038'"].
88
THE LADY TltANKLlN ItAY EXPEDITION.
I
Experiments on the velocity of w«m/— Continued.
February 37, 1883, 7.45 i>. m.
i! <
Number.
I
3
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
13
"3
14
«S
16
17
18
•9
20
31
22
'3
34
25
36
27
28
29
30
3»
32
33
34
35— -
36
37
38
39
40
4«
42
43
44
42 shots
Mean
Chron. corr.
Corr.mein..
Klapscd
time.
Seconds.
4.072
4 351
4- 3"
4. 166
4.284
4- 234
(*)
4. 127
049
058
121
1 65
2.35
098
214
240
116
^^)
4.063
4. 102
4.070
4. 106
4- 145
240
114
074
063
>37
169
098
4.044
4. 100
4-095
4.074
4- 123
4.184
4.124
4.087
4. 161
4-145
4. 206
4.066
4.051
4.090
5-672
4- 1350
-.0109
4- «24>
Coiulitiuns, &c.
Distnnce: 4,197 feet [1,279.221"].
\Vea|K)ii : Colt's army revolver.
Weather: Calm and clear at each
station.
Sound very bharp and <li>tlnct.
Temperatiire : —52.1° [— 46.7° C].
*Flash signal late.
f Record imperfect.
Mean velocity per second, 1,017.68
feet [310,182""]
Kkiiruarv 38, 1883, 5.30 V. M.
Number.
I..
3..
3-
4--
5--
6..
7--
8..
9
10
u
12...
«3
•4
15
16..
17
18
19
20
21..
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3« -
32
33
34 -
35-
36 -
37
38
39
40
41
42
43 •■
44
45
46
47
Mean of 46
shots
Chron. corr .
Corr. mean..
Klapsed
time.
StionAs.
305
254
252
144
233
128
>73
4-230
4.128
240
198
241
276
128
181
170
I'S
214
166
163
220
259
140
4.228
4-154
4-3"4
4- "54
4.38«
4. :88
4-165
4.168
4.182
4. 201
4.081
4. 100
4.130
4.144
4.216
4- 233
4. 206
4.196
4.125
4- 136
(*)
4-159
4.142
4-154
4. 1871
—.0109
4. 1762
Conditions, &c.
DistJince: 4,197 feet [1,279.22"'].
Wea|)on : Colt's army revolver and
ammunition.
Weather: Calm.
Temi)erature; — 54.1' [— 47.8''C.].
♦Record imperfect.
/
Mean velocity per second, 1,004.98
feet [306.31 1"].
THE LADY FUANKLIN HAY EXrCDlTION.
89
Risultt oj sound cxperimails at Furt Coiii^tr, Griiinell Laiui.
Mc-.in
velocity, feet,
per sccunil.
Mean
'l'em|iv
ralure. '
Date.
No. of
shuts.
velocity, i
meters, nor
second.
Distance
ill feet.
Disi^ince
in meters.
Kenmrks.
Kahr. j
Cent.
1883.
Oct.
lo...
7
1,070.7
326- 34
4, I97.0
1 , 279. 22
'•5
-16.9
Snow and liijlit wind.
12
10
1,068.6
325-70
4,197.0
1,279.22
- 7.6
22.0
I'alm and clear.
17
9
1,041.6
3«7-47
4, '97- 0
1,279.22
-14.9
-26. I
I'lear, li^ht wind.
26
9
•.032.3
3 '4. 63
4. '97- 0
1 , 279. 22
-13.6
25.3
Calm, detached clouds.
Nov
a
5
1,015.0
309.3''
4,197.0
1,279.22
—18.0
-27.8
Snow interfereil with action of
chrono^rajih key by which
five rei'iirds were imperfect.
The entire record not satis-
(intory owiiij; to key.
.
3— .
7
1,010. 1
307. 87
4,197.0
1,279.22
-13.2
—25."
Sound fairly sharp. The rcc-
oril. however, as a whole,
is MH>r. and this is retained
on y for use in case no shots
are lired at this temperature.
II
9
1,018.02
310. 28
4, 1970
1,279.22
-34.1
— 36. 7 Calm ami clear.
12
9
1,010.71
308.06
4,197.0
1,279.22
-3«-8
— 35. 4 Clear, very liyht wind, north-
erly.
— 35- 9 Hear and calm.
i8
10
1,018.91
310. 56
4,197.0
1,279.22
-32.6
20
8
1,008.89
307. 50
4. >970
1,279.22
-25.6
— 32. 0 Clear, very lit-ht N. K. wind.
21
10
1,014.87
309. 33
4,197.0
1,279.22
—30-4
-34-7
Hear an<l calm.
22
9
1,011.59
308.32
4,197.0
1,279.22
-32.6
-35- 9
Clear and calm. a. m.
22
«i7
1,022.09
3'« 53
4.197.0
1.279.22
-32.6
-35- 9
Clear and calm. a. m.
22
10
1,025.86
312.68
4,197.0
1,279.22
—32.6
-35- 9
Clear, very liyht N. E. wind,
I), m.
22
•22
1,016.94
309.96
4,197.0
1,279.22
-32.6
-35-9
Clear anil calm, p. m.
29....
•18
1,008.80
307. 48
4,197.0
1,279.22
-44. 3
—42.4
Clear and calm.
Dec.
2
t'4
1 , 009. 89
307. 81
4, >97. 0
1,279.22
-40. I
—40. I
Clear and calm.
20
•37
•.03SSS
3 "5. 63
4.197.0
1,279.22
-19.5
—28. 6
Calm, light .snow.
26
•34
".033.59
3«503
4,197.0
1,279.22
—19.9
—28.8
Clear, winil I mile K. at sta-
I
S83.
tion, calm at I'ruteus I'oint.
Jan.
4- —
*20
1.003.39
305. 83
4,197.0
1,279.22
-39-2
-39. <i
Clear and calm.
14— -
•34
1.024.4
312.23
4,197.0
1,279.22
— 40. 0
—40.0
Clear, calm at I'roteus I'oint,
light K. w ind at station.
16....
•38
994.24
303. 04
4,197.0
1,279.22
-46.-
-43-4
l.igit S. wind, harely percep-
tible; clouds about 4.
ii.
/»l8
976. 75
977. 87
297.71
298. 05
1 4, 197.0
1,279.22
-43-'
-41.7
Clear and calm.
r*i4
991.50
302. 20
4,197.0
1,279.22
-51.6
—46. 4
Clear and calm.
Feb.
3— -
♦29
1,002. 72
305. 62
4,197.0
1,279. 22
-5'-6
—46.4
Clear and calm.
*43
999.00
304.49
4,197.0
1,279.22
-51-6
-46.4
27....
•42
1,017.68
310. 18
4,197.0
1,279.22
52.1
—46.7
Clear and calm.
28....
46
1,004.98
306.31
4,197.0
I, 279. 22
-54. 1
-47.8
Calm.
* Colt's army revolver.
t Ten rifle ; four revolver-
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS
Appendix No. 138.
The meteorological observations of the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition were almost entirely made by
Sergeants W. S. Jewell, H. S. IJardinpr, and I). C. Ralston of the Signal Corps U. S. Army. These sergeantH
in successive order performed tours of duty covering eight hours each. To alternate the hours a tour of
duty was taken each Sunday by Sergeant Kdward Israel, Signal Corps, the astronomer of the expedition.
These observers by their skill, zeal, and attention performed their arduous work in such a manner as to
be deserving of the highest praise.
On term-days and other sjiecial occasions the meteorological observations were necessarily entrusted
to various other members of the expedition, who showed the same zeal and attention as did the more prac-
ticed observers.
The observations at Fort Conger have been divided under the following heads :
Atmosi)heric pressure.
Temperature of the air.
Vapor tension and relative humidity.
Wind.
Clouds, precipitation, and evaporation.
Solar and terrestrial radiation.
Temperature of the earth.
Temperature of the sea and ice measurements.
Aurora.
Miscellaneous observations comprising those made.
(i) From St. John's, Newfoundland, to Lady Franklin Bay.
(2) During boat and sledge journey from Fort Conger to Camp Clay.
(3) At Camp Clay.
(4) Comparative wind observations at Dutch Island and Fort Conger.
(5) Field meteorological observations, 1881 -1883.
91
/
»s
1 1
THE LADY I'KANKLIN DAY EXrJiDlTlON.
Index of meleorologkal (harts and maps.
No.
Subject.
PiHic.
I|2
34
I
7
8
9
lo
II
It
l.l
14
15,10
«7
Area of hijjh monthly pressure over Northern Ifeniisnhere. __._...._.,, -..-., ..
«57
•57
166
167
169
170
314
367
3"7
377
Area of h)w monthly pressurt over Northern llemispnerc
Annual tl act nation of preiisure at Fort Conger ,,_ .......................
Diurnal Ihictualion of pressure at Korl Conger
Annual flucluatiun of temperature of air at Kort Conger . ..........
Annual ineipiality in diurnal amplitude of lem|ierature ... . .. .,
Mean diurnal lUicluation of temperature, iSSl-'Sj . .
Annual lluctuaticm in wind's direction. 1881-83 -
Diurnal Ihictualion in wind's direction, iS8i-'8j .
Comparative departures of mean temperatures and cloudiness, i88i-'83
.Simultaneous weather charts, March 8 and 9, 188 } .
Annual curves of solar and terrestrial radiation, 1881-83 .
Index of meteorological tables.
No.
«-S
6-30
3«
32
33
34
35
3f>
.?7
J«
39
40
4"
42
43
44-68
Oy
70
7"
72
73
74
75
76
77
7«
79
80
81-104
1051-128
129
'30
>3"
'32
'33
"34-157
•58
•59
IbO
161
162
163
164
i6s
166
167
Subject.
Houily readings of aneroid barometer, August to December, 1881
Hourly readings of mercurial barometer, August, 1881, to August, 1883
Mean daily barometer, August 8, 1881, lo August 8, 1883 .
Mean hourly barometer by months, August, 1881, to include July, 1883
Mean barometer by decades, 1875-76, l88l-'83
Mean monthly pressure at various Arctic stations
Mean monthly pressure at Fort Conger, 1875-76, l88l-'83
Mean hourly barometer at F'ort Conger for 601 days, and 216 days without the .sun
Mean hourly barometer at Fort Conger for each month of the year in departures
Diurnal barometer tluctuations at various Arctic stations
Departures (by months) from mean annual pressure at Fort Conger
Maxima and minima pressures ..
Daily barometric ranges 1881-83
Maxima and minima daily barometric ranges, l88l-'83
Greatest hourly and daily barometric changes, 1881-83
Hourly temperature observations, August, 1881, to August, 1883
Daily mean temperatures, August 5, 1881, to August 8, 1883
Hourly mean temperatures by months, August, 1881, to July, 1883
Mean temperatures by decades, 1875-76, 1881-83
Mean monthly temperatures for Arctic stations north of Kennedy Channel
Mean monthly temperatures for Arctic stations near Littleton Island
Mean monthly ranges of temperature, 1875-76, 1881-83
Mean daily ranges of temperature, 1881-83
.Maxima, minima, and absolute temperature ranges, 1875-76, i88i-'83 .
Diurnal amplitude of temperatures at various Arctic stations
Mean diurnal fluctuations of temperature for each month, &c
Hourly temperature changes of 9°, 1881-83
Hours of zero weather, freezing mercury, &c
Moisture of the air by months, August, 1881, to July, 1883
Wind velocity by months, August, 1881, to July, 1883
Comparative wind velocities at and near Fort Conger
High winds, i88i-'83
Frequency and velocity of winds by months, 1881-83
Winds of various velocities, 1881-83
Hourly and monthly wind resultants, i88i-'83, and storms at Fort Conger
Clouds and rainfall, August, 1881, to July, 1883 '
Evaporation of ice and water
Mean cloudiness by months, i88l-'83 ..
Hours of rain, snow, &c., 1875-76, 1881-83
Rain and melted snow by months, i88i-'83
Precipitation by hoar frost, i88i-'82
Mean daily evaporation, 1881-82
Solar and terrestrial radiation observations, i88l-'83
Differences between maximum black bulb thermometer and ordinary maximum, :88i-'83.
Diflerences between radiating minimum thermometer and ordinary minimum, i88i-'83..
Means and extremes of maximum solar black bulb, 1881-83 -
Page.
96
106
152
'54
156
•59
166
167
168
169
171
•7^
172
172
•73
•74
226
228
229
230
230
232
232
233
234
23s
236
238
238
258
307
308
309
310
3^2
317
366
367
368
369
370
37>
372
374
37S
376
Till-: LADY KUANKIilN HAY KXI'KDITIOX.
03
Index of meteorolo^Ual tables — Coiitiiuicd.
No.
Subject.
168
170
>7i
17a
«7J
174
17s
170
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
I8S
186
Mean* and extremes of minimum terrestrial olnervationii, i8Ki-'83
Monthly meant sea temperalurrs and ire meiisiiremfnlH, ihSi-'8,)
Monthly means «ca tem|)erature» it hi(;h ami low wiitrr, iS8j-'8j
Sea temperalurei and ice meuurements, l88i-'8,) .........
Sua teini>cruturci at high and low water, l882-'8j .....................
I're'iuency of auroras, i88i-'83 .
I'reuure, temperature, and humidity, St. Johns to Lady I'lunklin liny, 1881
Wind, weather, and rainfall, St. Johns to l.ady Franklin Hay, 1881
Temperature of the sea, St. Johns to I.aily I'ranklin Hay, 1S81
Horometer observations, I'ort ( !onyer to Camp C'lay, 1 883 ...
Temperature observations, Fort Conger to Camp Clay, 1883
Wind, weather, tides, Ac, Fort Conger to Camp Clay, 1883 .. ...
Ilarometer observations at Camp Clay, t)clober, 1883, to May, 1884
Temperature observations at Camp Clay, October, 1883,10 June, 1 884
Wind, weather, &c., at Camp Clay, October, 1883, to Juno, 1S84
Doily means of atmospheric pressure, August 1, 1883, to May, 1884
Daily means of temperature of air, August, 1883,10 June, 1884
Comparative anemometer readings at Dutch Island and Fort Conger .....
F'ield meteorological observations ...
Page.
.178
.J«i
3«J
3S3
38(.
402
404
40b
408
410
412
423
426
433
437
438
439
441
94
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
hi' i
■■ M
I 1
> • . ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.
The barometric observations of the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition commenced on July 7, 1881, the
date of the departure from St. John's, Newfoundland, and were continued until the breakage of the last
mercurial barometer at Camp Clay on May 23, 1884.
The observations on the outward voyage, the last of which was at 1 2 p. m. (Washington Mean Time)
August 17, 1881, were made every four hours from a mercurial marine barometer (Green, New York), No.
2418, which was 3 feet [0.91'"] above the sea-level.
The readings here published, after having been corrected for temperature, were reduced to the sea-level
by the constant -|- .003 inch [4-0.08'"'"]. Compe: sated aneroid No. 2651 was also read hourly from August 8,
its correction being determined daily from the readings of the marine barometer.
From I a. m., August 18, 1881, when observations commenced on shore at Fort Conger (81° 44' N.
64°-' 5' W.) to include December 31, 1881, the compensated aneroid No. 2651 was read hourly and its read-
ings reduced to 32° (0° C.) and the sea, by a correction determined daily with reference to the four hourly
readings of U. S. Signal Service mercurial barometer No. 229.
Barometer No. 229 was read every four hours at 3, 7, and 11 a. m. and p. m., Washington mean time,
from August 18 until December 15, 1881, subsequent to which date it was read hourly until August 9, 1883.
This barometer (No. 229) from i a. m. August 19 until 7 p. m. (inclusive) September 12, 1881, was situated
31.7 feet [9.66'"] above the sea, and its readings were corrected for elevation by a constant of + .036 inch
(+0.9 1"""].
Subsequent to 7 p. m., September 12, 1881, until the abandonment of Fort Conger, August 9, 1883
it was 24.2 feet [7.35"'] above mean sea-level, for which a constant correction of + .030 inch [-f 0.76"'"'] has
in all cases been applied.
From August 9 (2 p. m.) 1883, until October 26 (inclusive), 1883, the readings are from compensated
aneroid barometer Nos. 2651 and 11, and have been corrected for elevation and instrumental error. It
was necessarily assumed that the error of No. 2651, an excellent instrument, remained constant from August
9 until its loss during a violent gale September 27, 1883, and tli.n the latest determined error of No. 11 also
remained constant.
From October 27, 1883, until it was broken May 23, 1884, the readings are from mercurial barometer
No. 522. This instrument, abandoned by First Lieut. E. A. Garlington, U. S. Army, at Cape Sabine, was
found in perfect condition. Its readings as here given are reduced for temperature, and afterwards to the
sea by a constant of -^ .010 inch [+0.25"""].
Its elevation 2 feet [.61'"] above extreme high water was estimated to be 10 feet [3.05'"] above mean sea-
level.
Every precaution was taken to insure the utmost accuracy in the observations at Fort Conger. Ba-
rometer No. 229 was compared daily subsequent to January i, 1882,* with mercurial standard barometer
No. 319, which had been set aside as a standard. The difference between these barometers rarely varied
from ± .003 inch [± 0.08"""] and remained substantially unchanged during the two years observations at
Conger.
No. 229 was confined in its wooden box, except when being read, and was so distant and protected from
the influence of the heating stove that its temperature readings fluctuated within a comparatively limited
range. During the first year it was distant at least 30 feet [9'"] from the heating-stove with intervening bunks,
&c., which absolutely prevented any direct radiation from the stove to the instrument. The second year the
heating-stove was within 10 or 12 feet [about 3 to 4'"] of the barometer which suspended in the observer's
room was completely protected from direct heat by a solid wooden partition from floor to ceiling, and sat-
isfactorily from radiated heat.
The accuracy of all readings was determined by checking them with the record of a registering aneroid
which was in good working order the greater part of the time, although its range was never as great as that
of the non-recording instrument.
* Prior to that date comparative readings were made each month, of which the following were preserved in my diary ;
September 14, i88i,from five readings error of No. 229 ,13 to No. 319 — .004 inch [ — 0.10"""] ; Octoberjl, five readings, - .001
inch [ — 0.03'"™]; December 1, five readings, — .002 inch [ — 0.05"""]. The lK)ok of daily comparative readings was left at
Fort Conger u heavy and unessential.— A. \V. G.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
95
Fully nine-tenths of the observations were made by old and trained observers of the Signal Service,
but to discover or obviate erroneous readings, to which every observer is liable, it was ordered that the
instrument after each reading be slid back carefully into its case with the vernier unchanged, and that the
observer of the following hour should first read again the vernier and check the record of his immediate
predecessor.
As one or two sudden and inexplicable changes were recorded in September and October, 1881, the
observer was later required to personally and immediately report to me, either day or night, any change of
.030 inch [0.76"""] in an hour. As a result no rapid fluctuations were ever after recorded which were not
in consonance with olh.PT meteorological conditions, and for many of the months no hourly change as great
as .050 inch [1.27"""] was noted.
Interpolated values are printed in italics.
Maxima and minima values are printed in bold-faced type.
96
ij
THE LADY FRANKLIN liAY EXPEDITION.
AUGUST, 1881.
Table I. — Atmospheric pressure [reduced to sea),^ August, 1881.
W.i.shington mean lime. Re<liice to lnc.il mean time by adding 49'"
Ilarometer'' above the .-.ea < ^' \ feet - < "i, \ meters.
// = 29.000 + p = 4- 81° 44' ;* = — 64° 45' = — 4'i I9"«
f=rnvity
correction.
0.070
0.07a
Date.
1 a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a.m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m. 6 a. m.
!
i
7 a. m. ! 8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a.m.
11 a.m.
Noon.
1 p. m.
2 p. m.
1
2 ,
::::::::::::::
3
i
4
5
.- . -
--
6
7
.
8
9 - --
•556
.410
•472
.726
•799
.970
.815
• 831
•955
•98s
1.044
•956
.798
.796
.716
.887
1.056
1.089
1.084
• 783
.728
.863
•945
•749
•536
.410
.490
•736
.819
.970
.805
.851
•965
.985
1.044
.916
•798
.796
.716
.897
1.066
1.089
1.084
•793
.728
.863
•945
•749
•556
.410
.512
.756
.829
.980
.805
<!. 848'^^
.965
.985
1.044
. 906
.788
•796
.726
.907
1.066
1.089
1.064
.8(.5
.75.'*
.883
•945
•749
■536
.410
.512
.756
•849
.990
.805
'. Slid
.965
.985
1.044
. 906
.808
.786
■736
.907
1.066
1.089
1.064
•793
• 758
• 893
•945
•749
•556
.410
.522
.766
•859
.990
.805
.911
• 965
.985
1. 024
.896
.808
.766
.746
.917
1.076
i.089
1.074
•791
•758
■903
■945
•749
•536
.410
•542
.786
•859
.980
.805
.87.
•965
•985
1.024
. 906
.808
.766
.756
.917
1.096
1.089
1.064
•793
.768
•923
•935
•749
.516
.430
■ 562
.786
■859
.970
.805
.871
•96s
1.005
1.024
.876
.808
•756
•756
«. 960
I. 106
1. :i9
1.054
■783
.788
■943
•935
•749
.nio
.420
.562
.776
.859
• 950
.825
.891
• 965
1.005
1.024
.876
.808
• 756
.766
1.007
1. 106
1. 119
1.054
■793
.818
•933
•935
•749
. 506 . 476
. 420 1 - 400
.496
.400
•592
.766
.879
. 920
.80s
.871
•975
1. 015
.994
.856
.808
■746
.806
•957
1.096
1. 119
•994
•783
.828
•963
•925
•729
•476
.400
.602
•756
•879
.910
.805
.87.
•985
1.015
•974
.846
•798
■736
.816
•957
1. 106
1.099
•984
•763
.828
•963
•895
•729
.476
.420
.612
.726
.889
. 910
• 795
.871
• 965
1.015
• 964
.846
• 798
. 726
.826
•957
1. 106
1.089
•954
.763
.838
•993
•895
• 729
.476
.420
.632
.726
• 899 \
. 900
•795
.881
• 995
1.015
• 964
.846
• 798
.726
.826
■957
1. 106
1.089
■934
•763
.868
•983
•895
.709
10
II
12
. ;S2
•756
.879
.950
''.818
.891
. tno
.985
1.024
.866
.808
■756
.796
1.017
I. 106
I. 129
1.034
.813
.808
•953
•945
•749
.582
.766
.879
•930
• 805
.881
. mn
1. 015
1.024
.866
.808
•746
.796
1.017
1.096
I. 119
1.014
•783
.828
•953
.925
• 729
j 13
>4
15 ,
10
17
l,S
19 .,
20
21
2?
24
25
26 _.
27 .
j.S
29
30
31
Means
Moans in n)illi-
Mletel■s,7oo-|-
•8339
57-77
•8355
57.82
.8404
57^92
.8422
57.97
.8464
58.07
•8472
58.10
.8511
58.21
.8544
58.28
.8567
58.36
• 8503
58.18
.8468
58. 10
.8414
57^95
.8401
57^92
.8418
57-97
■ i 1
■ Uy constant I .003 to include the 17th, and by one of +.036 subsequently.
'vVnertiid barometer No, 2651 coinpenssitcd.
" rhree feet [.gi'"l to inclutle the 17th; subsequently 31.7 feet [^-Oe*].
''KeguUr mercurial.
•Aneroid read .950, evidently .100 too hiph.
'Aneroid read .96^1, evidently .100 too high.
iGoldschmidt's aneroid.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
97
H.
(iravity
corrcciiun.
0.074
0.077
AUGUST, 1 88 1.
Table I. — Atmospheric pressure (reduced to sea), Au,i:;ust, 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49">
Harometcr aliove the sea, < ^' \ feet = < '?/•>• meters.
\3!-7J 1 9-66 J
//=29.exx)+ ^ = 4- 81° 44' X = — 64° 45' = — 4h igni
3 1'- ni-
4 p. m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
lop. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
1 1 1 Correction for
; ; ; instrumental
1 ; ; error used.
a
§8
- —
I
2
3
•456
.446
•436
.426
.426
.426
'.
•429
.406
•396
•396
*" .4770
■"•'S5<>'
.396
".wa
- .047
48." 70
4
1
7
s
•430
.662
•736
.919
.900
• 450
.662
•756
-939
.900
.460
.672
.766
■939
.900
.460
.682
.786
•949
.8S0
.460
.672
.786
•959
.880
.470
.672
.786
.969
.880
.480
.672
.786
.969
.860
• 490
.692
•776
•989
.850
.500
.702
.796
.969
• 830
.500
.712
.796
•979
.830
.4362
.6074
.7648
.9007
.9179
.500
.712
.796
.989
.990
.400
.472
.726
-799
-830
. 100
.240
.070
.190
. 160
— 0.33
— .061
— .067
— .064
— ^073
47.66
52.01
56.02
59-48
59- 90
9
10
II
12
13
.81S
.891
•975
1. 015
.944
.815
.901
• 975
1.015
• 944
.815
.901
•975
1-015
•944
.825
.901
-975
1. 015
•944
.S25
.901
• 975
1. 015
.924
.825
.911
•985
1.025
.924
.805
.911
•975
1.025
•924
•835
.911
•995
"•035
• 924
•855
•93"
•975
«o35
.924
.825
.941
•975
1-035
•S94
.8139
.8875
.9729
1.0088
•9792
-855
.941
-995
"•035
1.044
•795
.831
•955
•985
•894
.060
. 110
.040
.050
-150
- .078
- .072
- .078
- .068
- 059
57.26
59.14
61. 30
62. 22
61.45
14
«S
16
•7
18
.826
.808
.726
.846
•957
.816
.808
. 726
.846
• 957
.806
.818
.726
.866
•957
.816
.808
.716
.886
•957
.806
.808
.716
.886
•957
.806
.808
.716
.886
•967
.806
.808
.716
.886
.967
.806
.808
.716
.886
•977
.806
808
.696
.886
•997
.806
•798
.716
.386
1. 017
.8527
.8051
•7427
.8143
•9571
•956
.818
.796
.886
1.017
.806
.788
.696
.716
.887
.150
• 030
. 100
.170
.130
— .010
— .018
— .030
— -030
— 049
58.26
57-04
55-46
57.26
60.90
«9
20
21
22
23
1. 116
1.089
.914
• 753
.838
I. 126
1.089
.864
•753
.838
I. 116
1.089
.864
•743
-838
1. 116
1.099
.824
•743
.838
1.116
1.079
.824
•743
.858
I. 116
1.099
.804
•753
.858
I. 106
1.089
.804
•753
.868
I. 106
1.089
•774
■753
.868
I. 106
1.089
.764
•743
.858
I. 106
1.089
-774
-743
.858
1.0993
1.0965
•9443
.7701
.8176
I. 126
1.129
1.084
.813
.868
1.056
1.079
.764
•743
.72S
.070
• 050
• 320
.070
. 140
— .CIO
~ «7
- .022
- -013
— .028
64.50
64-42
60.56
56.14
57-36
24
11
27
28
■983
• 855
.709
.8401
•993
• 845
.709
•993
•835
.689
•993
.825
.689
-993
.805
.679
.9E3
•785
•679
•963
• 775
.659
-953
-755
-659
•943
.765
.659
•943
•735
.649
.9480
.8746
•7144
-993
•945
•749
■63
735
.649
.130
.210
. 100
— .023
— .021
— .007
60.66
58.81
54-72
29
30
3«
• 8405
.8401
•8397
-8372
•8389
•8347
•8355
•8347
.8334
.8418
.900
•775
.125
- - .041
57- 9-!
57^ 92
57-92
57-92
57^85
57.90
57.80
57.82
57 80
57.75
57-97
59^45
56.27
3-17
-1.05
57-97
H. Mis. 393, pt 2-
i
!i
98
Date.
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8 .
9
lo
11 .
12 .
'3 ■
'4 ■
»S ■
i6 .
•7-
i8.
'9 -
20 .
21 .
22 .
23 —
24--
25 —
26 ...
27 ...
28 ,
29
3°
THE LADY FEANKLOf BAY EXPEDITION.
SEPTEMBER, i88i.
Tabll II. — Atmospheric pressure {reduced to secC)*, September, i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49™
Barometer'' above the .=ea, 31.7' feet [9.66 meters].
^=29.0004- V — +8i°44'' A = — 64<'4S'= — 4'' 19""
B.
»9
Gravity
corrcctiiin.
0.070
0.07a
.649
.625
■947
I. 140
1.076
.896
1.046
•775
•737
.467
• 293
•479
■723
.833
.868
.908
•947
Means • 7977
Means in milli
meters, 700 -|- 56. 85
I. 160
I. 156
1. 041
.966
.861
.789
.705
.624
.674
•535
.500
.690
.822
.649
.625
•957
1. 160
1.076
.896
1.046
•755
•747
.427
•303
•579
• 733
.863
• 858
.908
•947
1. 160
I. i66
I, 021
.956
.861
.789
•70s
.624
•654
•555
. 520
. 700
.832
3 a.m.
. 8024
56.96
. 629
.625
•957
1. 160
1.056
.896
1.056
• 765
■747
■377
•333
•579
• 763
.883
.868
.918
•947
I. 140
1.166
1. 021
.976
.871
■759
• 705
.644
.674
■555
■ 520
. 710
.832
4 a.m.
.649
.625
■977
I. 180
1.056
.946
1.056
■745
• 747
•317
■353
■549
■763
■903
.888
.908
.987
5 a. m.
I. 160
1.16O
t. 021
.976
.891
■749
■725
.644
.694
•535
• 53°
. 720
• 832
. 8044
57-01
.8097
57- 16
.649
.625
.987
1. 190
1.036
•956
l.O/,d
•745
■737
.287
•373
•559
•773
■903
.888
■997
.170
■ 156
.011
.976
.891
•749
•755
.664
.684
•535
.540
.740
.812
.8111
57.19
6 a.m.
.619
•635
1.007
I. 190
1.026
.946
1.036
•715
•737
. 217
•383
•579
•783
.883
.888
.888
1. 017
I 150
1.166
.991
.956'
.871
•739
.725
.684
.694
•525
.550
.740
.822
7 a. m.
8064
57.06
. 619
•655
1.007
I. 210
I. 026
.946
1.036
■735
• 757
.187
•393
•579
• 813
.883
.898
.878
"•037
1. 160
I. 176
.971
.986
.861
• 729
.685
.664
.674
•525
.560
• 750
.802
8 a. m.
. 619
•675
1.027
I. 220
1.026
•956
1.026
•725
■737
■ '47
■413
•579
.813
.863
.918
.868
1.027
9 a. m.
1. 150
I. 186
.971
.986
.821
.729
.695
• 654
■654
• 495
.560
.750
.792
.8067
57-09
.8027
56.99
.619
.695
1.047
1.230
1. 016
.976
.996
■725
•747
•057
•413
•579
.813
•853
•938
.868
1.027
I. 130
1.186
.971
.986
.811
.729
•695
.654
•634
•455
.560
.760
.782
•599
•70s
1.047
1.240
1.006
.996
.986
•715
•737
.047
• 413
•579
.813
•853
•938
.848
1057
1. 150
1.156
.971
.976
.811
.729
• 675
• 654
. 624
■ 455
■570
■ 770
.782
.7984
56.85
.7967
56. 83
II a.m.
■599
•735
1.047
1.250
• 996
.996
.966
• 705
• 737
• 047
.427
• 589
• 813
•853
.918
.828
1.077
1. 150
1. 156
.971
.976
.781
.689
.665
.654
• 634
•455
.590
.780
.782
• 7957
56.80
Noon.
■599
•735
1.047
I. 250
.976
.996
•956
.695
•737
.047
•433'
•589
■833
•853
.918
.828
1.087
I. 150
I. 166
.971
.966
.781
.729
.665
•654
•634
•445
. 600
•790
.792
•7974
56^83
p. m,
•599
•755
1.047
I. 250
.966
1.026
•936
•695
•737
• 047
•433
•599
• 843
.853
■ 938
.838
1.087
1. 150
1. 156
.941
■ 946
.771
.689
• 645
.664
. 624
•445
.610
•790
.792
•7957
56.80
2 p. m.
•599
•775
I 057
I. 240
.976
1.026
. 926
•695
.707
.077
•443
•599
■843
.853
.908
.828
1.097
1. 150
1. 136
.961
•936
.771
.679
•645
.674
•634
•445
.620
.790
■ 792
7961
56.80
'Ky constant f- 036 to include 7 p. m. on the lath ; subsequently by con-
stant -f .030.
'Aneroid barometer No. 36S1.
■ Elevation changed at 7.30 p. m. on the lath from 31.7 feet [g.fiC'j to 34.9 feet
(7.38-].
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
99
150
.136
.961
•936
.771
.679
.645
.674
•634
• 445
.620
.790
.792
.7961I
II.
30
3"
Gravity
correftum
0.07,
0.07/
SEPTEMBER, 1881.
1'able IL — Atmospheric pressure {rciluced to sea), Stpteinlier, 1881.
Washington mean time. Kciluce to local mean time by adding 49"'
//=29.ooo-f (4-= + 8i»44' X = — 64045' = — 411 i9ni
3 P- m.
4 p. m.
5 ]). m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
MiJn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
ction for
rumental
r used.
a
'i +
h
•639
.050
Corre
inst
errc
Daily
mm.
1
.629
.619
. 619
.619
.619
. 619
.609
.609
.609
.6202
.649
•599
- .007
52.33
I
.785
•795
•795
•795
.845
.865
.865
.875
•895
•90s
.7462
.90s
.625
.280
— .021
55^ 53
2
1.057
1.057
1.077
1.097
1.097
1.107
1.117
I. 107
I. 127
I 137
1.0474
1.137
.947
. 190
— . ooy
6^. 18
3
1. 240
I. 240
I. 210
1. 190
I. 180
1. 150
I. 120
I. no
I. 100
I. 100
1. 1896
1.250
1. too
.150
— . oiMt
66.81
4
■ 946
• 936
. 926
• 9'<'
.916
. 906
. 906
. 906
. 906
.896
• 9789
1.076
. 896
.iSo
— .010
61.45
5
1. 046
1.046
1.046
! . 046
1.046
1.046
1 . 046
1.046
1.046
1.056
.9972
i.056
.896
. 160
— . 010
61.91
6
.906
.876
.856
.856
.836
.806
.786
•776
•756
• 746
.9;!98
1.056
•746
.310
— . ozo
60. 21
7
.685
.685
.685
•695
•695
.705
•735
•735
•735
•735
.88
•775
.685
.090
— .Oil
54^85
8
.687
•657
.657
•637
■637
.607
•567
•537
• 527
•497
.6816
•757
497
.260
— . 0 KJ
5.?-9<
9
.087
• >47
•«77
.197
.217
•237
.247
•257
. 267
•277
.2024
•467
.047
.420
. 009
41.72
10
•463
.463
.463
•463
•463
• 463
• 463
• 463
•473
.483
.4192
• 483
293
. 190
-\- -ooy
47-23
11
.609
. 619
.629
.629
•649
•693
•693
•713
•713
•7«3
.6115
•713
.479
•234
- .017
52.13
12
•843
.843
.843
.883
.883
•873
• 863
• 863
.863
•853
.8222
.883
•723
.160
— ^047
57.46
•3
•853
• 863
• 863
.863
.863
• 863
• 863
• 863
• 863
• 863
• 8647
•903
•8.33
.070
— ^047
58^ S6
14
.908
.908
.918
.918
.928
.928
.928
.928
.928
.878
.9084
•938
• 858
.080
— .042
59^65
■5
.828
.818
.818
•838
.858
• 858
.888
.888
.888
.898
.8663
.918
.818
.loo
— -032
58. 58
16
I. 107
1. 107
1.127
I.I47
I. 147
I. 167
I. 167
I. 147
I. 147
1. 147
1.0728
1.167
•947
.220
- ^023
63.84
•7
I. 150
I. 170
1. 170
I. 180
I. 180
I. 180
I. 170
1.170
I. 170
I. 170
I. 1600
1.180
1.130
.050
— .030
66.05
18
I. 156
1. 156
1. 156
I. 156
I. 126
I. 126
I. 106
1.086
1.086
1.086
I. 1472
1.186
1.086
. 100
— ^044
65.72
19
•9S«
.941
•951
.921
.921
.921
.911
. 961
.961
.961
.9681
1.041
.911
.130
— .039
61.17
20
•936
. 926
.926
.886
.886
.886
.886
.876
.866
.866
• 9389
.986
.866
. 120
— .024
60.44
21
■77>
• 751
.771
.771
.771
.781
•79'
.791
.771
.761
.8077
.891
•751
. 140
- ^039
57.11
22
.679
.679
.659
.659
.679
•699
.689
.699
.689
.699
.7128
.789
.659
.130
— .021
54^ 70
23
•635
•63s
.025
.625
.6.5
.625
.625
.625
.625
.625
.6646
•755
.61s
.140
- •ois
53^48
24
.664
• 654
.664
.694
.684
.664
.664
.664
.664
.664
.6598
.094
.624
.070
— .026
53^ 35
25
.614
.614
.614
.614
.604
.604
•584
.604
.564
•554
•6315
.694
•554
.140
— .016
52.64
zb
•44S
• 445
•445
•455
•475
•455
•455
•465
.475
• 475
.4812
•555
• 445
. no
- ^035
48.81
27
.630
■ 630
.640
.640
. 640
• 650
.660
.680
.710
.710
.6008
.710
.500
. 210
— .020
51.84
28
.800
.830
•830
.860
.840
.840
.840
.860
.860
.840
.7867
.860
.690
.170
— .040
56.58
29
.792
•752
•742
•752
.752
.722
. 702
. 692
. 692
.692
•7737
.832
.692
.140
— .058
56.24
30
.7967
.7954
.7967
.8067
.8017
• 8015
.7992
•7999
•7995
•7955
.8003
• 8769
.7171
.1598
— .024
56. 83
56.78
56.83
56.94
56.96
56.96
56.88
56.91
56.91
56.80
56.91
58.86
54.80
4.06
— 0.61
56.92
11
if
i
I
111
$
1
100
Date.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
OCTOBER, 1881.
Tadle in. — Atmospheric pressure [^reduced to sea),* October, i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49i"
Barometer'' above the sea 34.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//=:29.0O0+ 0 = + 8l°44' ;i = — 64=45' = — 4'' igm
n.
Gravity
currcctiun.
38
39
0.070
0.073
1
2 ,
3 --
4
S
6
7 -■ •
8
9
10
II
12
'3
14
'S
16
«7
18
>9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27 ---
28
29
3°
3«
Means
.\I cans in milli-
meters, 7004-
.719
•444
•533
•475
.378
•531
.649
.629
•536
•747
.842
.940
.928
1. 019
.787
.518
.613
■725
.887
1.234
1.049
1.340
1.482
1.304
I. 298
1.338
1.375
1.330
1.05s
.862
• 748
i\i
58.97
2 a. m.
.709
.434
.533
• 455
.388
.521
.659
.589
• 546
• 777
.842
.940
.928
1.009
.757
.518
•633
.705
.907
1.244
1.029
1.340
3 a. m.
472
294
308
358
375
1.310
1. 055
.832
.748
.8779
58. as
.709
•444
.543
.445
.388
.53«
.669
.579
.57c
.777
.852
.940
.928
1.029
.737
.488
• 643
.705
.927
1.234
1.039
1.380
1.472
1.284
i.3'8
1.368
1-375
I. 290
«.055
.832
.768
.8815
58.99
4 a. m.
.669
.444
•543
.435
• 398
•531
.679
.579
.576
.787
.852
.940
.948
1.029
•737
.488
■653
.695
.937
1.224
1.049
1.390
1.472
1.274
1.328
1.368
1.405
1.280
1.045
.822
.768
.8821
58.99
5 a. m.
.689
.444
.553
.425
•398
.521
.679
.579
.546
.787
.852
.940
•948
1.029
.727
•498
.693
.695
•957
I. 224
1.069
1.400
1.472
1.264
'■338
1.368
1. 405
I. 270
1.065
.812
•778
.8847
59^ 07
6 a. m.
.669
•454
•553
• 425
• 398
•531
• 679
•579
•536
.787
.862
.940
.948
1.029
.727
.518
•713
.695
.967
I. 214
1.079
1.420
1.462
I. 264
1.338
1.368
1.415
I. 250
loss
.782
.788
.8853
59^ 07
7 a.m.
669
•474
■563
•40s
.418
•S»«
.679
•569
.546
•797
.872
.950
.948
1.009
.707
.528
•713
• 705
•977
1. 164
1.079
1.440
1.452
1.274
••338
1.368
••415
I. 250
1^055
.782
.808
.8863
59.09
8 a.m.
.669
•474
•543
.395
.418
.531
.709
• 559
• 576
.807
.882
,940
• 9S8
1.009
.697
.538
•713
•725
1. 017
I. 144
I. 109
1.440
I. 462
1.274
'•338
1.378
1.415
I. 240
1.045
.782
.828
.8908
59.22
9 a.m.
.659
.474
.543
.375
.428
.531
.719
.569
.566
.817
.892
.940
.948
.989
.697
•538
•773
.725
1.047
1.134
1.149
1.440
1.462
1.254
1.358
1.368
1.425
I. 240
1.035
. 762
•8937
59.29
59
619
494
543
365
428
531
709
539
576
827
882
940
958
969
687
538
773
695
047
114
159
430
452
244
358
358
435
220
015
732
848
8866
12
. 609
.504
.563
•375
.428
•531
•719
.539
.586
.837
.882
.930
.958
.969
.677
.538
■ 773
.695
1.077
1. 104
1. 169
'•430
••432
I. 224
1.348
••358
••455
I. 220
i.ois
•732
.868
.8885
59^14
Noon.
•589
.504
■573
•375
• 448
•531
•719
• 539
.606
.857
. 902
.930
.958
.959
.687
.548
.783
• 725
1.097
1.074
1. 189
1.440
I. 412
1.234
1.358
1.348
I 475
I. 20c
1.005
.712
.908
■893'
59^27
I p. m
■569
■ 514
■735
1.097
1.044
1. 189
1.450
1.402
1.244
1.368
i^358
1.445
I. 200
•995
. 712
.928
• 8934
59.27
2 p.m.
•559
.524
• 583
..S83
. 375
• 365
.458
■ 458
.541
• 541
.709
.709
• 5,^9
•559
.626
.626
.867
.867
.922
.922
.920
.900
.958
.968
■ 929
.929
.687
.677
• 548
.548
.783
• 793
• 745
1. 117
1.044
1. 189
1. 450
1. 412
1.244
1.368
1.348
1.435
1. 190
1.005
. 712
•938
.8944
59.29
By constant 4-030.
'Aneroid barometer No. 3651.
!?!■
THE LADY FKANKLIN II AY EXPEDITION.
101
B.
3°
3'
(Jravit;'
correction.
0.074
0.077
OCTOBER, i88i.
Table III. — Atmospheric pressure (reduced to sea), October, 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'-'
Barometer above the sea 24.2 feet [7.3S meters],
//=29.ooo-f- 0 = + 8i''44' /l = — 64°45'— — 4I' 19'"
3 P- >»•
4 1). m .
5 P- m-
6p.m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
U
ction for
rumental
ir u.sed.
c
s •::
—.041
51.26
I
1
•S49
•539
.529
• 489
.469
.459
.449
•439
-4'9
.419
-5778
.719
.419
.300
•534
• 544
.544
-544
-544
.544
.544
•544
-524
.524
-5007
•544
.434
. no
—.026
49-32
2
• S73
■573
.573
■563
•553
•533
•523
•S03
,-483
.463
-5455
•583
.463
. 120
-.027
50-45
3
.36s
• 365
.365
-395
• 405
•395
•415
•405
.395
.375
.3988
•475
.365
. no
^.015
46.72
4
.478
.508
.508
-478
.488
• 498
.5'8
•538
•538
.548
•4555
•548
.378
.170
—.012
48.17
5
• 571
•57"
-57'
.601
.601
.611
.611
■ 631
.631
.641
.5610
.641
.521
. 120
—.029
50.84
6
.699
.709
•679
.669
.669
.669
.669
.649
.629
.619
.6811
.719
.619
. 100
-.031
53-89
7
.569
• 559
•549
-549
•549
.529
•539
■539
•539
.529
•5582
.629
.529
. 100
-.031
50.76
8
.636
.646
.676
.696
.696
.706
. 726
■ 746
•736
■736
.6260
.746
.536
.210
—.024
52.48
9
.867
.857
.867
.867
.867
.867
.867
.867
• 857
.847
.8320
.867
.747
. 120
-.033
57-72
10
.942
.942
.942
• 942
■952
•952
.952
•952
.952
•952
.9058
•952
.842
. no
—.028
59.60
If
.910
. 910
.920
. 920
.920
.920
.920
• 930
•930
•930
.9292
.950
.900
.050
—.030
60.18
12
• 978
.978
.988
.998
1.008
».oo8
1. 018
1. 018
1. 018
.998
.9705
1.018
.928
.090
— . 032
61. 22
'3
.909
.879
.909
.879
•859
•839
.819
.809
.789
•779
-9323
1.029
•779
.250
—.041
60.26
'4
.677
.667
.657
•637
•637
.627
■597
.577
•557
•537
.6732
.787
-537
.250
—.023
53-68
'5
• 548
•548
•578
■578
.568
• 568
.588
.628
.618
.628
.5501
.628
.488
. 140
— . 022
50.56
16
.803
•793
•793
•783
•773
•763
■743
.733
•723
•7'3
•7363
.803
.6.3
.190
-.037
55-28
•7
•7SS
.765
• 82s
•835
.845
.865
•875
.885
.885
•87s
-7658
.885
.695
.190
-.025
56-04
18
1. 147
1. 147
I. 167
'■'77
1. 187
I. 217
1.227
1.237
1.237
1.247
'-0853
1.247
.887
.360
-.023
64.15
"9
1.024
1. 014
1.004
.984
1.004
1.004
1.024
1.024
1.044
1.034
1.0982
1.244
.984
.260
—.036
64.47
2Q
1. 179
1. 189
1. 179
I. 169
'■'79
I. 209
1.239
'•259
1.299
'-3'9
I. 1569
'-3'9
1.029
.290
-.031
65.98
21
1.450
1.460
1.460
1.460
1.470
1.470
1.470
1.500
'.500
1.500
1. 4388
l.SOO
'.340
.160
—.020
73.14
22
1.402
1.382
1.382
1.382
'.382
1.382
'■372
1.352
'■332
'-332
1.4174
1.482
1.332
.150
-.018
11- f
23
1.244
1.244
'-254
1.254
1.244
1.244
1.264
1.284
1.284
1.294
1.2619
'-304
1.224
.080
—.026
68.64
24
1.368
1.368
I- 358
1.348
'■338
'.328
1.328
1.328
..328
1-328
'.3409
1.368
1.298
.070
— . 022
70. 62
25
1.348
1.358
1.368
'.368
'■358
'■358
'■358
1.368
'.368
•-378
1.3618
1-378
'-338
.040
-.032
71.18
26
J-43S
'•435
1.425
1. 415
I. 415
'■385
'•375
'•365
'•355
'-345
'.4083
'-47S
'-345
• 130
-•03s
72.35
27
I. 170
1. 170
1. 160
I. 150
I. 140
1. 120
I. no
I. no
1. 100
1.090
1.2004
1-330
1.090
.240
— . 040
67.07
28
•995
•995
-955
-935
•935
.935
.915
.905
.885
-875
.9929
1.065
.875
.190
—.045
61.81
29
.702
.702
.702
.712
.702
.722
■732
•732
.722
-732
.7512
.862
.702
.160
—.048
55- 67
30
•948
.988
.998
1. 018
I. 048
1.068
1.078
1.098
1. 128
1.128
•9297
1.128
-748
.380
— .042
59-95
3'
.8960
.8969
-8995
.8966
.8969
.8966
.8989
.9016
.8968
-8939
.8912
.975
.806
. 169
— . 0298
59-34
59-37
59-45
59-37
59.37
59.37
59^ 42
59.50
59.37
59-29
59.22
6'. 35
57. 06.
4.29
-0- 755
59^23
t ;
!!
102
I )nle
2 .
3 -
4 -
5 ■
6 .
7 -
8 .
9 -
10 .
11 .
12
U
'S
i6
•7
i8
'9
20
21
22
2.}
24
25
26
27
28
29
3°
Means
Means in milli
meters 700-f-
'■ «37
I. 091
1.071
1. 0^1
. 664
■322
•31S
•535
.728
.828
.840
i»37
1.084
•995
I. 100
.896
. 926
.826
.56«
.501
. 502
.561
. 229
•598
• 798
.814
.768
.780
.684
•73'
.7687
56. 12
TUB LADY FRANKLIN «AY EXPEDITION.
NOVKMBER, 1881.
»
Table IV. — AlmospherU pressure {reduced to sea),* Nmember, 1881.
Washington mean lime. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49""
liarometer'' almve the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
.^=29.000+ ^ = + 81" 44' X=.— 64»4S'r=— 4" I9»
I. 147
1. 091
l.o6i
1. 041
.634
•352
• 335
•545
• 738
.848
.840
1. 147
1.084
.985
1. 100
.886
. 926
.826
•558
.501
.522
•541
. 229
.6i8
.818
.814
.768
.770
.674
•731
.7710
56.17
3 a. m.'
I. 147
I. ill
1. 051
1.031
■594
.362
•345
.565
.748
.848
.840
1. 177
1.064
•995
I. 100
.886
.926
.836
•558
•49'
•532
•531
•259
.61.S
.828
.804
.778
.770
.694
•73'
.7740
56.24
T'o^ ffi'
'•'57
1. 121
1.051
1. 031
.584
•352
•345
545
• 758
.848
.840
'•'77
'•054
1.005
I. 100
.876
.926
.826
• 558
.481
• 542
.501
. 269
.638
.828
•794
.778
. 760
.694
•73'
•7723
56.19
5 a. m.
'•'57
I. 121
I. 051
I. 031
•554
•352
•355
•535
.76S
.848
• 830
1. 187
1.044
1.005
1. 100
.876
. 926
.826
•558
•47'
. 562
.481
.279
.648
.818
•774
.778
. 760
.694
•73'
•7707
56.17
6 a. ni.
'•'57
1.131
1.041
1. 021
•524
.362
•365
•535
• 778
.838
.830
I. 207
1.034
1.005
1. 100
.866
•936
.816
.558
• 45'
.592
•45'
•3'9
.648
.818
.764
.768
. 760
.684
•73'
• 7697
56, 14
7 a. m.
'•'57
I. 151
1. 021
l.OOI
.464
.322
•365
•535
•778
.838
.830
I. 197
1.024
1. 015
1. 100
.866
•936
.796
•558
.441
.612
.4"
•339
.658
.818
•754
•778
. 760
.674
•731
•7643
55-99
8 a. m.
'•'57
'.'5'
1. 021
l.OII
• 444
•332
•375
■535
• 778
.868
.830
'■'97
1.024
1.025
I. 100
.856
■93''
.806
•558
• 44'
. 612
■39'
•349
.668
• 838
•744
.778
. 760
.674
•73'
.7663
56.04
9 a. ni.
I. 157
1. 141
1.01 1
•99'
•424
•332
•435
•535
.788
.858
.850
1. 197
1. 014
1.025
1.080
.846
• 936
.796
.568
•43'
.632
■ 38'
•379
.678
.828
•744
.778
•730
.684
■73'
.7660
56.04
'•'57
'•'3'
l.OII
•99'
.404
. 292
■ 445
■ 535
.78S
• 838
.840
1.197
1.004
1.025
1.070
.836
■936
.786
■578
.401
.642
.361
.389
.678
.838
■734
.778
■730
.684
.711
.7603
55.89
'■'57
I. 121
l.OII
.981
■ 384
. 272
• 455
• 545
• 798
.828
.850
1. 197
•994
'•035
1.060
.826
.926
.766
.568
■39'
.662
•34'
.409
.688
■ 838
•744
.778
.710
.684
.701
•7573
55^82
NiHin.
I. 127
I. 121
l.OII
■97'
.384
.252
■ 475
■545
• 798
.828
.8to
I. 177
•984
'•035
1.050
.816
.916
.756
.568
■ 38'
.662
.439
. 68,S
.848
•754
.788
. 710
.694
.691
B.
(irtvity
correction.
18
"9
0.070
0.07 J
•7553
55^77
I p.m.
1.117
I. 121
l.OII
•97'
■384
.252
■475
■545
■798
.828
.870
1.177
■984
1.045
1.040
.816
.916
.746
.558
■371
.662
■32'
■449
.698
.848
•754
• 798
. 700
.694
.681
•7543
55^74
2 p.m.
1. 107
I. 12!
l.OOI
.961
• 384
. 222
.485
•56S
.S08
.828
.880
I. 177
■974
1.065
1.030
.816
.916
.736
.568
.361
.682
•3"
•479
.708
.848
•744
.798
. 700
.704
.691
• 75.S7
55^ /9
■ By constant 4 >°3o.
'•Aneroid barometer No. 9651.
TIIK LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXPKIHTION.
103
• 3"
■ 479
.708
.S48
.744
.798
. 700
.704
.691
.75.'i7l
|5^ /O
NOVKMBKR, 1881.
Tabi.k IV. — Atmos(<heiic pressure (rfiiucrd to sea), Nitvember, 1881.
W.-isIiinfjton mean lime, .koiluce ti> local mean lime liy adding 49"'
Ilaromctcr almvc the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//=29.ooo-f- ^^4-81° 44' ;i = — 64°4S' =— 4'" I9">
S-rt . 1
a
3 p.m.
4 p.m.
5 p.m.
6 |). m.
7 p. m.
.S p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn'f.
Daily
nieauK.
Max.
Min.
orrection fi
instrument
error used.
ii
i
I. 107
1. 107
1.097
1.097
1.097
1.097
1.087
I. 157
1.087
.070
U
Q *
a
I
1.087
1.087
1.087
I. 1245
-053
65^ 13
I. 121
I. Ill
I. 101
1. 101
I. 101
I. 091
1. 091
1.081
1.081
1. 081
1.1118
1.151
1. 081
.070
—.049
64.83
2
I. on
I.OII
1. oil
I.OII
1. 021
1.021
1-031
1.031
1-031
1. 031
1 . 0264
1.071
I.OOI
.070
-039
62.64
3
.95'
.921
.911
.861
.831
.821
.781
•75'
-721
.711
.9302
1.041
.711
• 330
"■039
60.21
4
■394
•364
■354
•334
•3«4
•304
■ 304
.274
. 264
.274
.4169
.664
. 264
.400
— .026
47^ '8
5
.222
.232
.252
.252
.252
.272
.282
.282
.302
■3'2
.2932
■ 362
.222
. 140
—.018
44.03
6
■ 495
•S15
•5'5
•5«S
•525
•525
•545
•555
• 555
•555
• 4529
■555
■3'5
.240
-.015
48. 10
7
■595
.605
• 635
■635
.665
.685
.695
-70s
•725
■725
■ 594^'
•725
■535
.190
— 035
51.70
8
.81.S
.828
.828
.828
.828
.828
.828
.818
.818
.818
■7955
.828
.728
. 100
—•03a
56.80
9
.828
.828
.838
• 838
.848
• 838
• 838
.848
.858
.858
.8413
.868
.828
.040
—■032
57^ 95
10
.920
•930
.950
.960
1.000
1.030
1.040
1.050
1.080
1. 110
.9125
I. no
■ 830
.280
— .040
59^75
if
1.177
I. 177
!■ 167
I. 157
1. 137
'•'37
■ •>37
1. 127
1137
1. 117
1. 1674
1.270
1.117
.090
-.033
66.23
12
■ 984
.984
■994
■994
■994
•994
•994
■ 984
.984
.984
1. 0107
1.084
•974
. no
— .046
62.27
'3
1.07s
1.085
1.095
1. 105
I. 105
I. 115
M15
I- "5
i.iiS
I.IIS
1.0542
I. 115
•98S
.130
-035
6336
'4
1.020
1. 010
.990
.980
.960
.940
•930
•930
. 910
.910
1.0296
I. 100
.910
.190
— .050
62.7s
'5
.816
.826
.856
.886
.886
.896
.906
.906
.916
.926
.8660
.926
.816
. no
—.044
58.58
16
.906
.916
. 906
.886
.886
.886
.876
.866
.846
.836
.9081
•936
.836
. 100
-.044
59.65
'7
.726
.716
.706
.706
.686
.676
.656
• 63O
.616
.596
•7443
.836
.596
. 240
—.044
55. 48
18
.568
.578
.568
■558
•538
.528
.528
.S'8
.508
• 498
•5530
.578
.498
.080
—.042
50.64
'9
•371
•37'
. 401
.421
.441
.441
• 45'
.471
• 47'
.501
•4356
.501
.361
. 140
—.029
47.66
20
.682
.682
.682
.672
.672
.652
.612
.602
.582
.572
.6178
.682
.502
.180
—.038
52.28
21
.301
.291
.271
.271
.271
.251
.241
.231
.231
.231
•3543
• S6«
•23'
-330
—.019
45.58
22
■509
•5>9
.529
■529
•539
•559
.569
•579
• 579
•589
.4298
•589
.229
.360
—.021
47-5'
23
.728
•758
.y68
■758
•758
•758
.768
.768
.768
. r.f.f
. 7022
.7SS
•598
.190
-■032
54.42
24
.848
.848
.868
.858
.858
.848
.828
.828
.838
.818
•8355
.868
.798
.070
-.042
57.82
25
•744
•744
■744
■744
•744
■ 744
■ 744
■ 744
■ 744
• 754
•7578
.814
-734
.080
— .036
55-84
26
.798
•798
■798
■798
•798
.778
.778
.788
.768
.768
.7826
.798
.768
.030
-.052
56.48
27
.680
.700
. 700
. 690
.680
.670
.660
.660
.660
.660
.7150
.780
.660
. 120
—.040
54-75
28
.714
.714
.724
■734
•744
•734
.724
-7'4
• 7'4
• 724
•7023
■ 744
.674
.070
- • 036
54^42
29
.661
.661
.621
.601
■571
.521
.481
• 45'
.441
•44'
. 6460
■ 73'
■44'
. 290
-039
52.99
30
•7590
. 7610
.7627
■7593
•7583
■7547
.7510
•7463
.7450
■7463
.7604
■ 839
.678
.161
-. 0367
55^87
55-92
55-97
55-87
55^84
55-77
55-67
SS53
55. 51
5SS3
55-89
57-90
53-80
4.09
— 934
55-90
.:a1
'.f.i!
104
TUE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
"I
DRCF:MnF,R, 1881.
Table V. — Atmospheric pressure (reduced to sea )f December, 1881,
•
VVashiriHlon mean lime. Reduce lo local mean time by nildin^; 49'"
Harometer'' alM)ve the sea, 34.3 feet [7.38 meters].
//=a9.ooo-J- ^. 4 81° 44' X_ — 64''45' — — 4" ig"
3 a.m.
Means
Means in milli
meters,700+ '54.55
4 a. m. 5 n. ni
•403
.283
.4S4
.613
.631
■72s
.800
1.002
.851
.833
•777
.548
.429
•S4f>
.f)77
.790
.724
.760
.832
.704
■ 747
•443
.456
■367
.616
.818
1.027
I. 176
1.008
.884
1.056
. 7100
54- 62
•353
• 273
■ 484
.623
.631
•735
.800
1. 012
.831
•833
■757
•538
.419
•556
.687
.800
.724
. 760
.832
.704
•747
•443
.446
•377
.616
• 838
'•037
I. 166
1.008
.884
1.046
7084
54^57
6 a. m.
•353
•303
.484
.623
.621
•735
.800
1. 012
.821
.853
•727
.508
•379
.556
.687
.790
■ 734
. 760
.822
.704
.717
• 453
.406
•387
.616
.828
••037
1. 146
.998
.884
1. 016
54.42
7 a. m.
■7,il
■m
•474
.633
. 621
• 735
.800
1.002
.821
.853
.687
.498
• 379
• 556
.697
.790
■734
. 760
.822
.704
.707
■ 453
• 39<'
■397
.646
.828
^037
I. 136
.998
•894
I. 016
. 7019 . 7006
54^ 40
8 a. m.
•293
•323
.484
•<>.W
621
•745
.800
1. 012
.821
• 863
.687
•498
•379
■556
.687
.770
•734
•75°
.802
.704
.697
■443
■396
•387
.636
.848
«-o37
I. lo6
■978
■894
1.006
.6965
54.26
9 a. m.
■253
•323
.484
■ ^Kl
.621
■ 745
.820
i.o;2
.821
.863
.697
.488
■389
■556
.707
.760
■754
.760
.802
.704
.697
•443
.386
•387
.646
.848
1. 057
1.096
■948
•924
.996
.6981
54^3»
•233
• 323
• 494
Mi
. 621
•745
.840
1.032
.821
• 863
.687
■ 478
•379
.566
■737
. 760
.764
.750
.812
.714
.677
•453
• 376
• 387
.656
.848
1.087
1.086
•938
.924
.986
.6990
54-34
•2"3
•353
.304
■ (m
.621
•745
.860
1.032
• 831
• 873
.687
.468
•379
• 576
•7'7
•750
.764
.750
.812
.714
.647
•443
■ 386
■397
.676
.848
1.097
1.076
.928
■934
.956
54^ 34
Noon.
.183
■373
•524
■ 633
■ 631
•755
.870
1.032
.821
.883
.687
• 438
■379
.576
•727
.740
.764
■ 770
.812
.704
•637
• 453
.356
■ 417
.676
.848
1. 107
1.076
.918
■934
■936
(iravlty
correction.
0.070
0,079
. 6990 . 6987
54^34
I )>. m.
■«53
• 403
• 524
• 643
.651
•755
.880
1.032
.811
•893
.687
• 438
•379
.596
•737
. 720
•754
.770
.812
.724
.627
•463
■356
.427
.696
.858
I. 107
1.076
.918
•944
.896
.7010
54.40
3 p.m.
■^11
•4«3
• 524
• 643
.651
•765
.890
1.032
.821
•893
.707
.438
•399
.606
•747
.720
.764
.770
.792
•734
.617
•463
•376
•457
.686
.888
I. 107
1.076
.918
• 954
.896
• 7055
54- S2
* By constant -f- .030.
' Aneroid barometer No. 9851.
THE LADY FUANKLIN HAY KXPEDITION.
105
(inivUy
ciirrecliiin
0.074
0.077
DKCEMHKR, 1881.
Tabi.k V. — Atmospheric pnssiire (ttducid to iiii), December, 1881.
VVnshinKton mean time. Kcdiicc to local mean time by addin); 49'''
//=a9.ooo-f f L=-|-8i''44' A ^ - 64° 45' = — <»•> lyn
■52
v2| •
a
'i +
§8
3 P- "'•
4 p. m.
S p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. ni.
■ op. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Kan|;e.
|i|
■^ii
■ «53
•143
■ m
■ l<'.3
•213
.2418
.443
.310
|s
1
• "33
• ^li
•193
•2«3
.133
—.027
42.73
1
•423
•433
■453
■453
.473
•473
.473
■473
• 463
.463
• 3763
.473
.223
.250
-.027
46.13
2
•534
■534
■544
■ 544
•554
■554
■ 5'>4
.564
•5'''4
.564
.5165
.564
.464
. too
—.026
49.69
3
.f>43
•653
.663
.66?
.66}
■653
.66?
■'■43
•f'33
■ f'43
.6355
.663
■583
.080
-•037
52.69
4
.671
.671
.671
.671
.681
.691
.701
.711
.721
■721
.6560
.721
.621
. 100
-. 039
53^ 25
5
•775
.•78s
■795
■795
•795
■795
.805
.80s
•795
• 795
.7642
.80s
•725
.080
-.035
55^ 99
6
.900
. 910
. 910
.920
.920
•9.30
.940
.950
.950
950
.8679
.950
.790
.160
—.050
58.63
7
1. 03 J
I.OJ2
I.O{2
1. 012
1.002
.982
■972
.962
.942
.922
1.0028
1.032
.922
. no
-.048
62. 07
8
.841
.821
.821
.821
.821
.821
.821
.821
.811
.811
.8?02
.901
.811
.090
-.049
57. 67
9
•893
.893
■893
■873
.863
■ 863
.843
■833
• 823
.813
.8555
.893
.813
.080
-.057
58.33
10
.707
.727
.727
.717
.697
.677
.677
.627
.617
.607
.7082
.827
.607
.220
-■033
54. 57
II
.428
.428
•438
■ 438
■458
.468
.458
.43'?
•438
.428
.4788
.588
.428
.160
-.032
48.7s
12
.419
.419
.429
■ 429
■449
.469
.489
.509
.519
.519
.4265
.519
•379
.140
-.031
47.40
•3
.616
.616
.626
.626
.646
.656
.656
.656
. 646
.666
. 5935
.666
.526
.140
-■034
51.67
•4
.767
.767
.767
.767
■787
•777
■777
■787
.,So7
.797
•7324
.807
.647
.160
-■043
55.18
'5
.720
■730
■730
.720
■730
•730
■ 730
.710
.720
.720
.75«2
.800
.710
.090
— .050
55- 67
16
.764
.784
774
.764
■754
•754
■754
.764
.764
.764
• 7507
.784
■ 714
.070
—.046
55.67
17
.780
■ 7')o
.800
.790
.800
.800
.810
.810
.810
.810
■ 7767
.810
.750
.060
—.040
56.32
18
.792
.792
.782
•742
.742
■732
.732
.712
.712
.712
■ 7849
.8?2
.712
. 120
-•■038
56. 53
«9
•754
■744
■774
•774
.764
.764
■754
.754
•754
■754
.7294
.774
.694
.080
-.036
55.10
20
.587
•577
■557
.r,J7
■ 487
■457
■ 447
•447
.437
■427
.6120
.747
.427
.320
—•033
52. »3
21
.483
■493
■523
•523
■523
•5*3
■ 523
•523
.5:3
■523
.4768
.523
■443
.080
-.027
48.70
22
• 306
.416
.416
.406
.416
.426
.426
.416
.386
.366
.4127
. 506
■356
.150
— .024
47.08
23
.467
■497
■527
•537
■557
.567
■577
•597
.fo7
.617
.4591
.617
■.?57
.260
—023
48.25
24
.716
.726
. 726
.736
■ 73'''
■ 746
.756
.766
.786
. 79^'
. 6864
.796
■596
. 200
-.044
54. 01
25
.898
.908
.928
.928
■938
.948
■958
.958
.978
.988
.8818
.988
.808
.180
-.052
58.99
26
1. 117
I. 147
1.147
1. 167
1. 167
I. 167
I. 167
I. 167
1. 167
I. 167
1.0974
I. 167
■997
.170
-.043
64.47
27
1.066
1.066
1.066
1.056
1.056
1.056
1.056
1.056
1 . 056
1 . 046
1.0960
1.176
1 . 046
.130
-■034
64.42
28
.918
.918
.928
.918
.908
.898
.898
.888
.878
.878
i ■ 9430
1. 018
.878
. 140
.062
60.54
29
■ 984
■994
1. 014
1.024
i^o34
1.044
1.034
1.034
1.054
1.044
.9569
1.054
.884
.170
—.056
60. 90
30
.846
.826
.776
.746
.726
.706
.686
.676
.656
.636
.8848
1.056
■ 636
.420
—054
59.07
3«
.7119
.7171
.7216
•7«74
.7190
.7181
•7'97
.7184
.7165
.7148
.7092
.790
.635
.«55
-■ 0397
54-67
54.80
54. 92 .
54.80
54^85
54.82
54.85
54.82
54. 77
54.76
54.60
56.65
52.72
3.94
—1. 012
54.60
106
TUK LADY KUANKLIN HAY HXl'EDiriON.
■'i I
•I t
I
3
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 .
11 .
■ 2 .
'3-
19
30 .
21
22 .
23
24.
25
26
27.
28.
29.
30
31
Dale.
«4
«S
16
17
18
Auousr, 1881.
TAni.K VI. — tfiHii'fi/icrU- />rissiirf ( rediicfd losea),* /luji^nsf, 1881.
Wnshin^ton iiic.in linit.-. Keiluce In Incnl meantime liy nililiii); 49"'
Ilarumcli-r*' almvc the sea | ^' \ feet — l '?, \ meters.
// 29.000 I- ^ I 81° 44' X~— 64'>4J'= 4" 191"
II.
(•.r«vllv
mrrcitiim.
0.070
o.ii;j
II.
.11
(imvily
iurrcctlun.
0.074
0.077
3 a. m.
7 a. m.
Means
Means in millimeters,
700+
•S49
.438
■ 'in
.744
.807
.968
.825
.847
.928
.98s
1. 051
.906
.819
•79"
■73«
•9«3
l.o$t
I. 116
I. 080
.782
.770
••883
.950
•763
•842s
S7-97
•534
.410
•558
•773
.863
•965
.826
•874
• 973
I. 010
1.020
.886
.808
•763
.768
d. WO
1.08s
I. 116
1-059
• 794
.786
.918
• 924
• 735
.8503
58.18
1 1 a. m.
3 !>• ni-
7 i>. m.
•495
• 398
• 591
.778
.889
• 930
.808
.867
• 985
I. oil
1.006
.846
.802
• 736
.794
• 952
1. 109
1.086
.988
• 765
.810
.962
. 900
.726
.843"
58.00
• 454
.425
.648
.748
• 930
.901
.803
■ 897
.988
1.018
• 959
.821
.803
.721
• 832
.964
1. 113
1.086
.892
•759
.842
.972
.862
.697
.8390
57^ 90
1 1 p. m.
.427
■ 445
■673
.790
• 958
•873
.818
•903
• 977
1.023
.019
.803
.802
.718
.886
.987
.118
.084
.819
•759
■ 859
• 97«
.817
.688
• 8382
57^87
.407
•475
. 706
• 793
.966
•K^
.823
•923
• 977
1.025
. 900
.812
•797
.710
.892
.117
1.097
•773
• 75°
.859
•944
■775
.667
.8352
57.80
Daily
means.
•4777
.«318
.6165
.7710
. 9022
•9«33
.8170
.8S52
•97'3
1. 0120
.9758
•8457
.8052
•7398
.8172
.9650
1 0988
1.0975
•9352
.7682
.8210
.9417
• 8713
.7127
.84138
57-95
Max.
•549
•47S
. 706
•793
. 966
.968
.826
•923
.988
1.025
1. 051
.906
.819
.791
.892
1. 014
1.118
1. 116
1.080
•794
.859
•972
•950
•763
Min.
.407
.398
•523
•744
.807
■ Sat
.803
.847
.928
.985
.900
■ 803
•797
.710
•73>
•9U
1. 051
1.084
■773
•750
.770
.883
•775
.667
Kan(;c.
.142
.077
.183
.049
•"59
.125
.023
.076
.060
.040
.151
.103
.022
.081
.161
. lOI
.067
.032
• 307
.044
.089
.089
•"75
.096
.8893
59' '7
•7872
56.58
. 1022
2.59
8
s
^t
48.72
47. S6
52^ 23
5<'"7
59^ 50
59^ 78
57-34
59.07
61.25
62. 29
6"37
S8.07
57^ 04
55^ 38
57^34
61. 10
64.50
64.47
60.34
56.09
57-44
60.51
58.7"
54-70
57.96
* By constant -f .003 to include 13 midn't, .Vugust 18; subsequently by constant
+ .016.
'Marine barometer No. 2418, read to include 11 midn't, August 18; subse-
quently mercurial No, 119 observed.
'Three feet [.91"] to include iimidn't, August 18; subsequently 31.7 feet [9.66"].
* Interpolated from Cioldschmidt's recording aneroid ; observation missed.
* Regular aneroid substituted ; mercurial evidently read .05 too bigli.
/.
TUB LADY FUANKLIN BAY ISXPKUITION.
107
(Jrnvlly
cnrraclloii.
0.070
0.079
(Irivllv
(-(irrcctluii
n 074
0,077
SEPTEMBKR, 1881.
Table \\\. — Almin/>/ifric pressure (reJu^fil to si;i),^ September , 1881.
Wniiliincton mean time. Reduce to Incal mean lime liy ailding 49'"
liarometcr'' above lhe«ea<^ 'i > feet < ?' „> meters.
//— J9.000 I ^— f 81O44' \ - -64''45'— -4"' igw
Date.
I ,
a
3
4
S
6 ..:
7
8
9
10
II
la
•3
14
«S -
16
•7
18
«9
ao
21 .
aa
23
24
a6
*7
a8
29
30
Means
Means in millimeters,
700+
3 a. m.
.641
.613
•975
I. 174
1 . 07(1
.919
1.060
.760
■737
.409
.300
•573
.767
.882
.822
.900
■9SS
I. 158
1.1S8
1. 019
.986
.864
■ 759
.698
• 630
.660
■ 542
.507
.707
.841
.8040
57.01
7 a. m.
.60s
.646
1.009
I. 229
I. 041
■959
1.044
■737
■ 750
.195
■394
•595
.821
.881
■938
■ 873
1.007
I. 165
1.187
■ 985
.988
.837
• 73'
.689
■ 655
.652
■5'4
■ 549
.769
■ 793
.8079
57.11
II a. ni.
.603
•734
1.047
1.348
.981
• 983
•973
.711
• 749
.058
•42s
•59"
.817
• 857
•934
.831
1.060
I. 147
I. 168
■949
.946
.788
.708
.666
.661
.641
■475
■ 592
.787
■ 797
.7976
56.85
3 !>■ m.
.619
■ 798
1.059
1.238
• 949
1.033
• 894
.699
.706
.163
"463
•598
.836
.858
•947
.833
I. 116
I. 161
I. 149
.971
• 955
. 762
• 683
.640
• 674
.635
•455
.63a
.810
•754
.8033
56.96
7 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
.6ai
.616
.853
.887
I. 069
1131
1. 180
1.070
.908
.89a
'<i.046
''1.049
.835
.76a
.699
•715
.644
•505
•233
.388
.465
.500
•634
.739
.854
.884
.873
•849
•93"
.877
•857
.90a
I. 169
I. 157
1.171
1.148
I. 108
1.063
■932
.941
.889
.864
.790
.785
.665
.677
.624
.615
.678
.674
.611
•575
.466
.476
.681
.691
.836
• 843
•757
.719
.8019
.7961
56.96
56.80
Daily
means.
.6175
•7548
I. 1483
1. 1898
■9745
.9965
■ 9263
. 7303
.6818
.2243
■4245
.6200
■8297
.8665
.908a
.8658
« 0773
I. 1583
I. 1438
.9663
.9380
■8043
.7038
• 6553
.66ao
.6273
.4880
.6087
•7903
.7768
.80164
56.96
Max.
.641
.887
I. 131
1.248
1.076
1.049
1.060
.760
•750
.409
. 500
.729
.884
.882
•947
.902
I. 169
I. 171
I. 188
1. 019
.988
.864
■759
•698
.678
.660
■542
.691
■ 843
.841
.8655
58.58
Min.
.603
. 613
•975
1.070
.K92
• <»I9
. 763
.699
•505
.058
.300
•573
.767
.849
.822
.831
•955
1. 147
1.063
•932
.864
. 762
• 665
.615
.630
•575
•455
.507
.707
.719
•7278
55^ 07
Range.
• 038
•275
.156
.178
. 184
.130
.398
.061
■ 245
■35'
. 200
.156
.117
■033
.125
.071
.214
.024
.125
.087
.124
. 102
.094
.083
.048
.085
.087
. 184
.136
. 123
.'378
350
1 +
18
I*:
53.28
55^77
6i. 20
66.81
61. \i
61.88
60. 10
54^ 87
53^ 9"
42.27
47. 35
52^ 33
57.67
58.58
59^65
58.58
63. 94
66.00
65.64
61. 12
60.41
57^ 01
54. 47
53- 23
53- 40
52.51
48.98
52.06
56.65
56.32
56.94
,
'ill
k
ill
• By constant + .036 to include 7 p. m., rath ; subsci|uently by constant + .030.
^ Mercurial barometer No. 339.
•31.7 feet ( i.6«"J to include 7 p. in.,Septeuber \i ; subsequently 14.2 feet [7.38").
' .100 has been nubtracted fr jm each reading, it being evident from aneroid that
an error of a tenth had been made.
108
Date.
3 ---
4 ..-..
5 -
6 ...
7 —
8
9 -
lo ..
II
12
>3 -
14
>S -
i6
17
i8
•9 -
20 .
21
22
23
24
2S
26
27
2$
29
3°
3« -
Means
Means in millimeters,
7oOt
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
. * OCTOBER, i88i.
Tablk VIII. — Atmospheric pressuty {^reduced to sfii)^ Octobi-r, i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce lo local mean time hy adding 49"'
liarometer'' above the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters],
//=29.ooo4- v=+8i°44' X = — 64° 45' = — 41' 19'"
., Gravity
' correction.
3 a. m.
704
449
S4S
442
410
534
676
60s
55'
773
S58
9i^
941
021
754
504
660
701
930
25s
047
372
505
2cS2
327
369
399
302
082
832
780
59
8886
'7
7 a. m.
89
59
663
478
569
412
41S
535
70s
577
570
80S
•!74
946
957
990
7'5
534
730
700
997
178
083
443
462
280
345
369
421
264
061
786
816
30
27
. 601
•494
•559
• 3«4
.428
•55'
.707
•543
•592
.850
.910
■933
.966
.969
.677
•555
.768
•7'3
1,068
1,092
I, i6s
'•434
1.42s
I, 242
'•352
'•363
1,442
I. 198
1.016
,728
,858
,8898
59^ 19
3p, m.
59
538
5'7
583
364
460
554
694
55'
645
866
925
920
977
940
661
549
773
774
'35
02s
172
460
383
250
354
354
435
'73
981
707
947
8925
24
7 p. m.
S9.24
» By constant -^-.oy).
i> Mercurial barometer No. 229,
' Substituted aneroid ; mercurial evidently read a tenth low.
II I (iravlty
correction.
»9
0.070
0.07a
1. Gravity
■ correction.
0.074
0.077
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
NOVEMBER, 1881.
Table IX. — Atmospheric pressure {reduced to sea),'* November^ i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'>>
Uarometer'' aliove the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 metersj.
//=29.ooo+ 0 = -|-8l°44' A = — 64°4S' = — 4'' i9'»
Date.
3
4 .
5 •
6.
7
8 .
9
10 .
11 .
12 .
•3
14
'S
16.
'7
18
19
20
21
22
23 --
24
as — -
26
27 --
28
29
30
Means .,
Means in millime-
ters, 700+ J56.29
3 a. m.
I. 163
I. 122
1.062
1.042
.588
.361
•349
•563
•759
• 847
.812
I. 187
1. 081
.992
1. 109
.881
.940
.82q
•573
.4S4
•552
•S«9
.265
■ 63"!
• 843
•794
.767
.770
.677
•73«
.7765
7 a. m.
" liy constant -\-.OTfi.
I. 170
i-«45
••033
1.008
.466
•314
•399
•542
.786
.842
.846
1.208
••037
1.022
I. 109
.858
•939
.811
•547
•455
.612
.420
-.(52
.669
•833
.767
.786
.801
. 692
• 727
•7732
56. 22
••«37
"•I35
1.009
•974
•369
.267
• 455
•548
• 799
• 830
.852
1. 198
.976
'•037
I. 376
• 823
•923
•775
•569
•392
• 654
•337
.408
.688
•843
.741
•78s i
.711
.701
.709
•7574
3 ?• m.
I. 109
1. 126
.996
•944
•377
• 238
.481
•584
.807
•834
.920
1. 177
.984
1.076
1. 019
.824
•893
•733
.561
.366
.680
•303
•494
.718
• 856
•743
•79''
.681
.708
.667
7 p. m.
.7566
55^82 ; 55.82
1.085
1.009
.830
.326
•255
•507
.665
.813
.848
■983
I. 141
• 984
1.092
.960
.869
.877
.676
•541
•427
• 658
. 260
•529
• 745
.838
.741
•792
•673
. 720
•559
•7504
55.64
1 1 p. m.
Daily
means.
1.092
073
037
718
287
296
•549
. 726
.824
.846
1. 105
1. 109
•983
1. 119
.915
.905
.856
.605
.504
.484
.588
• 236
•575
.765
.816
•75«
•771
.666
.727
.441
I. 1287
i^ "43
1.0243
■9'93
.4022
.2885
•4567
.6047
.7980
.8412
.9197
1.1700
1.007s
1.0563
'•03'3
.8600
.9047
• 7382
• 5492
• 4347
.6240
•3473
•4372
.7030
• 8382
•7562
•7832
.7170
.7042
.6390
.7456
55.53
• 75995
55.. S9
Max.
I. 170
I. 145
1.062
1.042
.588
.361
• 549
. 726
.824
.848
1. 105
1.208
I. 081
I. 119
1. 109
•90s
.940
.829
•573
• 484
.680
•S«9
•575
.765
.856
• 794
• 798
.801
.727
•731
Min.
1.092
••073
.996
.718
.287
.238
• 349
■542
•759
• 830
.812
I. 109
.976
• 992
• 9«S
.823
.856
.(>o5
504
.366
•552
.236
.265
•633
.816
•74>
• 767
.666
.677
.441
.8305
57-67
.6879
54.06
Rant;e.
.078
.072
.066
•324
.301
•'23
. 200
.184
.065
.018
•293
.099
.105
.127
.194
.082
.084
. 224
.069
.118
.128
• 283
.310
•>32
.040
•053
.031
•'35
.050
. 290
. 1426
3.61
<> Mercurial barometer No. 229.
109
e r
13
65. 26
64.88
62. 59
59. 93
46.80
43.90
48. 20
51.96
56.85
57^ 95
59^ 90
66.30
62. 19
63.41
62.78
58-43
59^ 58
55^ 33
5053
47.64
52^ 43
45.40
47^ 79
54-45
57^87
55^ 79
56.48
54.80
54^47
52.82
55 89
110
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
DECEMBER, 1881.
Table X. — Atmospheric pressure {reduced to sedY, December, 1881.
Wiishington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 491"
Barometeri> above the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//=:29.ooo+ ^ = +81° 44' A-- — 64°4S' -= — 4!' I9n>
B.
a8
29
C;r«vlty
correctinn.
0.070
0.07a
D/.te.
1 a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
nam.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
I
•392
• 283
•49'
.604
.636
•739
•795
•99'
.871
.S41
•775
.562
.421
•539
.677
.800
•735
.761
.819
.705
•738
• 446
.496
■372
.630
.816
1. 010
1. 167
1.025
.890
1.058
■329
■314
.482
.632
■635
•749
.804
1.013
.830
•853
.698
.492
•395
•559
.710
.788
■747
■763
■ 82s
■7'5
.710
■459
.414
.405
.647
.836
1.043
•■'59
1.Q08
.891
1.024
.219
■375
.501
-639
-630
■759
• 844
1.030
.824
.865
.682
■ 469
-379
.586
-725
-748
-765
.804
.647
-454
-374
.404
.664
.859
1.087
1.089
■936
■933
■950
2
i.
6 :::::::::::;::
T
8
1
9
10
II 1
12 ...
13
14 ._
15
16
.803
.718
■756
.812
■7'7
■738
■447
.500
■354
■598
.802
.990
I. 168
1.040
881
1.052
•793
.726
.760
.815
.706
•745
•443
•494
•358
.611
.809
■999
'■'59
1.030
.883
1.059
.801
•743
• 763
.827
.704
•743
•443
■475
■387
■634
.827
1. 061
.. 16S
1. 018
.887
1.063
.801
■747
.766
.821
.706
•747
•443
•444
■395
■655
■834
'■034
I. 168
1. 016
.881
'■05s
.796
■747
.768
.824
■7'3
.721
. 460
.428
• 403
.646
•83s
1.032
I. 148
1.008
.890
1.039
.7786
•778
•748
.761
.806
.709
.702
.450
-396
•398
•653
.846
'-043
I. 127
.988
.884
1.003
.771
-753
.760
.806
.726
.698
-45'
.654
-844
1.060
I. 107
-953
.928
- 999
.762
-750
-813
.712
.674
.456
-377
■397
.664
■ 850
'■073
1.096
■955
. 926
■977
■742
■752
■773
•795
.710
.628
.464
■363
.420
.674
.852
1.084
1.075
.914
•939
.919
•74'
•748
•777
•796
.726
.618
■474
■363
■437
.671
.863
i.o<;5
1.070
.896
■949
. 902
-735
-756
-775
.782
.728
-593
•479
■374
-454
.671
-879
1. 109
1.076
.898
.961
.876
17
18
'9 -
20
21
22
2?
24
25
26 ..:.
27 »
28
20
30 —
3«
Means (16-31)
Means (month)
•7735
■7744
•7793
.7124
56-37
54-67
.7838
.7821
■777'
.7074
56.32
54^55
.7683
.7682
.7661
■7613
.7002
55-92
54.37
.7565
■7579
-7591
Means (16-31) in
millimeter;, 700 -f
Means (month) in
millimeters, 700+
56.24
56^ 24
56.50
56. 45
56^ 37
56.09
56.09
56. 04
55.79
55-84
SS- 87
• By constant -f .030.
(■ Mercurial barometer No. 229.
TUE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Ill
B.
Gravity
correctiun.
38
»9
o.o;i
0.074
DECEMBER, 1881.
Tabir X. — Atmospheric pressure (reduced to sea), December, 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'°
Barometer above the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//z=29.ooo+ ^ = +81° 44' ^ =— 64''45'=— 4'> 19111
3p.m.
4 p. m.
5 p.m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9p.m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midn't.
Daiiy
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
s
It
- 6
ft c 1^
(A M
« B «
g1-
.157
.4«3
.524
.657
.661
•783
.897
1.023
.823
.874
.703
.424
•425
.606
-763
• 730
•757
.780
• 779
•735
•573
.482
• 394
.468
■ 694
.891
I. M9
1.062
.891
-983
.838
.160
.461
.549
.647
.682
.780
.928
1. 001
.821
.859
-697
.442
.449
.635
.783
.727
.762
.788
.747
.758
-494
-5«3
.417
.546
• 744
• 930
I. 169
'1. 051
.904
t.043
. 726
. 200
.464
.566
.639
.704
.781
.959
.935
.815
.827
.625
■43»
.503
.651
.786
.720
-752
.Sot
.717
.755
-439
! •5>3
•372
•585
.776
.973
'-"73
'1. 034
.877
> c.t7
.660
•392
.464
.566
■657
.704
■783
■959
1.030
.871
.874
.775
.562
.503
.651
.786
.803
.763
.813
.827
.764
•747
•527
.500
•595
• 779
• 983
1.183
I. 168
1.040
1.050
1.063
.157
.283
.482
.604
. 630
■739
■ 795
■ 9.35
.815
.827
.625
.424
•379
.539
•677
•7'5
.718
•756
• 714
.704
43'
•443
•359
•354
•598
.802
.990
1.034
.877
.881
-644
-235
.181
.084
-053
-074
.044
. 164
.095
.056
.047
.150
.138
.124
. 112
.109
.083
.045
.057
-"3
.060
.3'6
.084
.141
.241
.181
.181
.«93
-"34
.163
. 169
.419
"55-77
55.61
56-32
56.45
55.16
52.08
48.72
47.00
48. 20
54.06
58.94
64.45
64.42
60.54
60.95
59-09
.2428
.5188
• 6363
.6580
-7652
.871.*
.9988
.8307
• 8532
.6967
.4700
-4287
.5960
-7407
•7522
75'°
.7772
.7818
.7302
.6002
■ 4778
.4112
-4633
.6925
.8842
1. 1002
'-0937
.9402
•96.15
. 8760
42.76
46-37
49-77
52-74
53-30
56.02
58.7'
61. 96
57- 70
58.26
54.29
48.52
47.48
51.72
55-4'
55-69
55.67
56.32
56. 45
55- '3
S'-83
48.72
47- 03
48.35
54.16
59- 04
64.53
64.37
60.46
61.07
58. 83
_
::;::::
-730
-763
.770
-773
-563
-497
.402
.481
■.717
.903
1.132
1.069
.882
-997
.819
•733
.760
.791
.756
.758
•534
.508
-407
.512
•724
.913
1. 149
1.080
•923
I. 014
.786
.730
-755
-785
.744
. 760
•513
-5«3
.410
-530
-732
.919
1. 164
1.048
.915
1.028
.74..
.7:^0
.754
.789
.733
•755
.469
•523
.414
-549
•749
•936
I. 183
•I. 051
.892
1.049
.708
-723
-75«
.806
-732
.760
.469
-527
•393
•556
• 754
•957
1.175
'1.050
.902
1.050
.682
-715
•752
.813
.726
.764
•4.59
.5.2
.388
.5:6
-7"
-957
'••75
'1,043
.887
1.C.51
-675
.730
•750
.808
.714
.762
-43"
.518
-359
-595
-779
-983
I. 178
'1. 040
.880
1. 041
.644
.7549
• 7491
• 7774
7819
.7308
.6102
.4785
.4103
■4571
.6876
.8798
1. 0974
1.0959
•9432
.9591
.8858
.7610
.7067
55-92
54-55
.7651
-7718
.7681
.7699 1 .7671
- 7679
.7661
-7624
• 7124
-7633
. 76870
.7801
.6429
•137'
1 ...
. 716!;
1
1 • 70929
54.60
S4-60
56.02
56. 19
56.09
56.14
54.77
56.07
56.09
56.04
1
55- 9.
54-67
1.^
55-97
56.12
56.40
52.92
3-48
56. 1 1
* .050 has b«.en added to original reading to correct obvious error.
112
' !
Date.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JANUARY, 1882.
Table XI. — Ahiosphcric pressure {^reduced to sea)^ yanuaty, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49ik
IJaromeler'' alxjve the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//— ^9.000+ 0=-f-8i°44' A.=— 54»45' = — 4I' 19™
II.
38
29
Gravity
correction.
0.070
0.07a
I ...
2
3 ---
4 -.
5 --
6...
7 --
8 ...
9 ---
10
II
12 ...
13 --
14 ...
15---
16 ...
17 ...
18 ...
19 ..-
20
21 ...
22 ...
23 ---
24 ...
25 —
26...
27 ...
28 ...
29 ...
30 —
31 --
I a. m.
.632
•735
1.152
I. 021
• 634
•779
.884
•936
.826
. 920
••035
.852
.625
•305
• 475
.881
. 167
.802
.676
• 977
•77>
•995
.644
•494
•347
• 852
.817
•738
.572
•345
• 475
,7214
2 a.m.
. 630
• 740
I. 169
1.007
.639
.788
.884
• 935
.830
• 939
1.043
.834
. 619
. 291
.481
.868
. 201
.784
.698
.977
• 775
999
.639
.476
.380
.860
.817
.7-28
.580
.287
.479
3 a. in.
. 624
.770
I. 183
.982
.646
•793
.892
.929
.829
.950
1.038
.803
. 617
•275
•483
.850
. 246
.7S8
.727
•977
.781
1.002
.626
.467
.401
.884
.827
. 706
.608
. 269
.488
4 a. m.
.618
.784
I. 195
.966
.656
•824
•897
.928
•835
.958
1^038
■775
. 6l2
•273
.486
.837
•3«:
.791
•745
.968
.787
1.002
. 619
•445
.412
.894
• 830
•693
.617
.232
.494
.7218, .7245 .7233
Means
Means in milli-
meters, 700+ 1 54.90 54.92 [54.97 154.95
5 a. m.
. 621
.812
I. 213
.948
.659
.821
.909
.929
•837
. 962
I. 027
.768
. 612
. 267
•495
.813
•344
•785
•752
.956
.798
.988
. 614
.422
•434
•903
.829
. 670
.618
. 198
•5«3
.7264
55.02
6 a. m.
620
822
217
924
667
827
907
913
838
968
027
742
596
259
5"
779
375
766
759
954
799
981
614
397
459
904
820
641
627
181
516
. 7229
54. 95
7 a. m.
.615
.819
1.225
.892
.672
.829
.915
.912
.850
•974
1.027
.724
.589
.254
•527
. 726
.400
•750
.768
•954
•799
•977
. 610
•395
•483
. 906
.829
•591
. 641
. 198
.510
•7213
54.90
8 a.m.
. 614
.863
I. 229
.869
.672
.836
. 910
.897
.848
.983
1.025
•7'3
.567
.244
•535
• 675
. 426
.716
.788
.941
•839
• 950
. 614
.380
• 504
. 906
.828
•572
•(•45
.214
.500
.7224
5' 92
9 a. m.
.618
.898
I. 216
.848
■673
.846
.914
.894
.844
.992
1.016
.694
.570
. 272
•537
.602
•457
.707
.814
.924
• 845
.940
.606
•358
.518
•915
.826
•555
•(■'53
■253
•503
.7196
54.87
loa. m.
.616
•903
I. 226
.824
.679
.829
.018
.890
•839
I. 004
I. 005
.664
•545
.287
•55'
•532
.481
.663
.822
.910
.860
.917
.596
•337
•554
.910
• 823
•523
. 652
.280
. 502
• 7143
54-72
1 1 a.m.
. 607
.93'
1.228
.8:3
. 670
.841
. 916
•873
.842
•999
1. 001
•657
.527
• 302
.565
•434
.505
.645
•835
.887
•879
.911
.602
.310
.578
. 900
.831
.500
.655
309
.7124
54.67
Noon.
.614
•937
. 222
•794
.672
.841
.918
.863
•83s
.016
•995
.647
•509
•3'4
•58S
.326
•535
•643
• 844
.882
.881
•893
.602
•293
.605
• 903
. 829
.469
.667
•354
.492
54
7090
60
I p. m.
. 609
•959
I. 221
•738
.683
.838
.920
.862
.848
I. 015
•985
. 642
•49'
•327
. 600
. 212
•569
.606
.844
.863
.888
.871
.587
.287
■ 893
• 830
•459
.64«
•37'
2 p. m.
. 629
■ 9f>5
1.208
•730
. 691
.852
•933
• 863
• 863
1. 015
.992
.640
.496
•324
. 6^7
.103
. 604
.581
.871
•854
. 916
•844
•593
•274
•'■'53
.S96
• 845
• 44S
.649
•379
. 4S6 . 492
. 70271 . 7042
54. 45 54. 47
• By constant -f- .030.
^ Mercurial barometer No. 239.
II: '
li.
(iravity
correction.
3"
J"
0.074
0.077
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JANUARY, i88:.
Table XL — Atmospheric pressure (raiucal to sen), yanuary, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Uarometer above the sea 24.2 feet [7.3s meters].
//-29.0004- i> = + 8i''44' X=— 64O4S'— — 4'' I9">
113
3 1>- "'•
4 p. ni.
S p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
lop.m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
Daily means in
mm., 700 -p
Q
. 640
.669
.691
.665
.683
.704
• 713
•717
.707
.702
.6482
-717
. 607
. no
53. 04
,
.981
1.027
1.063
1.074
1.076
1.082
1.090
I. 119
1.130
I- '39
. 9466
'-'39
•73S
.404
60. 64
2
I. 209
I. 192
M73
1.167
1. 147
I. 119
I. lOI
1.085
I. 071
1.045
1. 1755
1.229
1.045
.184
66.45
3
.718
.699
.674
.656
• 636
•637
.640
■ 632
. 627
.627
.7876
1.021
.627
•394
56.60
4
.704
•70s
.717
.728
•733
■743
.742
•747
■758
•773
•6943
•773
•634
•'39
54^ 21
S
• 853
.866
.87,
.871
.879
•873
.878
873
.870
•875
•8439
.879
• 779
. 100
58.02
6
•939
.946
.961
•959
• 959
•949
•949
•945
■939
•944
•9253
.961
.884
.077
60.08
7
.862
•853
• 843
.841
.828
.828
• 831
.829
.825
.820
•8743
•936
.820
.116
58.78
8
.863
.876
.885
.878
.889
•893
. 900
. 900
•903
•913
.8610
•9'3
.826
.087
58.46
9
1.028
^■°l^
1.042
1.034
1.039
1.042
1.047
1.050
1.048
1.044
1.0042
1.050
.920
.130
62.09
10
•99S
.998
.985
.967
.961
•955
• 944
.918
.897
.870
•9893
1.043
.870
•'73
61.71
II
.638
•653
.656
.648
.654
.65.
.650
.642
• 630
.622
.6916
.852
.622
• 230
54^ '7
12
.489
.472
.468
•448
.431
.416
•405
■ 382
.3C-4
•332
.5076
.625
•332
•293
49.49
'3
•356
•37«
•394
.416
• 427
.441
.448
■453
•457
.471
• 3428
• 471
• 244
.227
45^ 30
'4
.663
.689
.752
.776
.807
• 836
•839
■ 852
.854
.869
.6414
.869
• 475
•394
52-87
'S
.047
.066
■035
".026
•053
.066
.085
.III
•132
•«34
•3914
.881
.026
•855
46.52
16
• 630
.666
.693
•725
.750
.766
■775
■785
.790
.79S
.5416
.798
.167
• 631
50-35
17
•59'
.580
.569
•578
•577
-593
. 506
. 604
•635
•659
.6670
.802
•569
•233
53-53
18
.884
•903
.914
.919
-933
•943
.956
.967
.0O5
•97'
.8458
-99'
.676
•295
58.07
'9
.841
.828
■799
•795
.786
•78S
.767
•775
•773
•763
•8723
-977
•763
.214
58-73
20
•934
•943
.964
.978
-975
•997
•998
■999
1.002
.992
.8912
1.002
•77'
•23'
59.22
21
.8ii
.804
•789
.771
•754
•738
.718
.692
.667
.650
.8610
1.002
.650
•352
58.46
22
• 579
.572
•585
.591
•578
•567
•555
.538
.526
.496
.5897
.644
.496
.148
5'-57
23
.279
.284
.279
.272
•275
.280
.299
•3'2
•330
•340
•3452
•494
.272
.222
45-35
24
.668
.707
.719
.728
•754
■774
.786
.808
.831
•834
.6071
•834
-347
■487
52.01
25
•893
•903
.888
• 883
.872
.862
.857
• 847
.839
■834
•8835
•9'S
• 834
.081
59.04
26
.852
.844
.846
■ 843
.826
.815
.8oi
•798
.784
•763
.8230
.8S2
•763
.089
57-49
27
• 450
•444
•454
.4«>>
.470
•472
.500
•534
• 544
•557
•5490
.738
■444
.294
50.53
28
.fjfii
.6i;6
.657
.622
.504
•557
•534
.476
•430
• 370
• 5996
.667
•370
.297
5'-83
29
.402
.409
.409
.409
•397
.419
.416
• 445
•448
.461
.3378
.461
it
.181
.280
45.17
30
■48s
• S08
•494
•479
.461
•439
•434
• 413
•394
•35'
--4557
.5'6
•35'
.165
48.67
31
.7079
•7«So
«
.7184
•7>63
•7163
•7«74
■7179
■7177
•7152
• 7103
.7166
.840
•584
.256
54.57
54^75
54-82
54-77
54^77
54.80
54^82
54.82
54-75
54-62
54.80
57-92
51.42
6.50
54-79
'■ .oaoat 5.45 p. m,
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 8
114
Date.
5 -
6 ...
7 ---
8 ...
9 --
10 ,
11 .
12 ,
»3
14
IS
i6 .
17
i8 .
«9
ao .
21 .
22 .
23 •
24
25-
26.
27 ■
28.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
FKHRUARY, 1882.
Table XIL — Atmosp/irrk pressure (reduced to sea),'* February, 1882.
Washin);ton mean tiinc. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Barometer'' above the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters.].
A'^r- 29.000 4- 0=)8i°44' X -;— 64°4S' = — 4'" 19"'
.316
.383
.470
.728
1. 144
1.605
I. 167
.712
. 642
■733
.820
.924
.866
.969
•857
.417
•29s
.387
.6u
.80s
•745
i^'93
1.^,13
1.074
.585
.418
.294
.412
Means. -7494
Means in milli
meters, 700 -|- 55.61
. 296
.392
.469
•732
I. 163
I. 609
M39
. 700
.636
.728
.834
.928
.869
.968
.832
.416
.298
.386
.625
.810
•754
I. 213
1.409
1.066
• 569
.415
.298
• 4.30
• 7494
55. 61
3 a. m.
•271
.406
• 473
•749
••'73
1. 613
I. Ill
.677
.632
•732
.842
•93'
.869
.964
.826
.420
•305
•383
. 641
.807
. 760
1.228
1.405
1.047
•570
.402
• 306
•447
.7496
55^64
4 a. m.
• 263
.409
.468
•750
I. 197
1.608
1.096
.666
.628
.740
• 858
•9.W
.881
.966
.801
.420
.316
•396
.661
.806
•772
I. 250
1.398
1.034
• 566
•387
• 320
•458
•75«9
55.69
5 a. m.
•234
• 415
.470
•753
1. 199
1. 610
1.078
•653
.620
•735
.866
.940
.887
.962
•779
• 424
•319
•398
.672
.796
.790
I. 270
I. 381
1. 015
.566
■383
• 341
.467
.7508
55^ 67
6 a. m.
.205
•413
•485
.758
1.225
I. 603
1.064
.626
.607
•742
•874
■932
.885
•963
.769
•423
•33«
.404
.688
•794
.808
I. 292
'•379
1.002
•579
•374
•356
.481
•7522
55^69
7 a. m.
.186
.424
.486
.780
1.245
1.605
1.038
.613
.596
.741
.8S3
.920
.888
•979
■749
.421
•337
•396
•70s
.780
.827
1.308
"•365
•979
.586
•37'
.368
•495
•7525
55^69
8 a. ni.
.1S6
■ 433
• 487
.786
I. 281
'•595
l.ois
.f)oS
•595
• 736
.883
.917
•877
.982
. 700
• 405
•337
•394
•705
.766
.834
1.309
'•356
•949
•587
.361
.368
.512
.7488
SS.6'
9 a. Ill,
.1S6
•445
•505
.800
I. 312
'•595
•995
. 614
•S85
•743
•903
. 912
.890
•987
.671
•399
.346
•394
•734
•7f>S
• 85S
1.364
•937
•594
•348
•369
•5'7
•7535
55.74
• 153
•445
;505
tSil
'•.?.!''
1.5S4
. 9S2
.012
.581
•748
.907
.897
•893
■984
.644
• i')i
•357
•389
•750
•754
•879
'•348
'■352
.919
• 59°
•343
•37'
.521
•7S'7
55^69
.167
.450
•S'o
.827
1.368
'•57'
• 9<>7
. 612
.592
•743
. 916
. 901
. <)00
.981
.606
.3S0
.361
•398
• 754
.750
. 900
'■357
'■34'
.881
.582
•332
.366
■S3'
•7S'6
55-69
Noon.
.176
•43'
•5 '9
• 838
1.3S4
1.546
■95'
.611
•592
■744
. 921
.884
■895
.976
■565
•370
•359
.406
.768
•731
. 921
'■36s
1.308
.850
■570
•327
■363
■550
.7472
55.55
(irttvity
corrccliun.
38 0.070
3(y I 0.073
p. m.
. 190
• 454
•5.50
• 858
I. 412
I. 514
•938
. 621
. 600
.746
.920
.887
•903
.981
.528
•358
.382
.421
.780
•724
• 944
'•372
1.297
.822
•556
•325
■353
•55'
• 7488
55.61
2 p. ni.
. 211
• 469
•554
.8S7
1.430
1.499
.928
• 634
.613
•758
.918
.886
.907
.981
•492
•35'
.394
• 44'
.801
.721
•975
'•378
1.284
•793
.548
.3'6
•352
•550
.7525
5S^69
' By constant -f 'Ojo.
^ Mercurial barometer No. 399.
B.
Gravity
correction.
3°
3'
0.074
0.077
TUB LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
FEBRUARY, 1882.
Table XII. — Almospheric pressure (reduced to sea), February, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 4c/"
Barometer above the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
77=29.000+ 0ac:-|-8i"" 44' A = — 64''4S' = — 4'' 19m
115
3 p.m.
4 p. m.
5 p.m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. ni.
9 p. m.
lop.m.
II p.m.
Midn'l.
Dail-
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
a
'i +
1
.236
• 254
.284
•293
.302
.320
•34'
• 346
•352
.362
.2554
.362
.153
.209
43.07
I
.486
.482
• 485
.490
.480
•477
• 475
•473
• 478
•479
•4489
.490
•383
.107
47^ 99
2
• 571
• 589
.622
.624
.636
• 643
.668
.681
.702
.704
• 557'
.704
.468
.236
50-74
^
.902
.916
.946
.962
-978
I. on
1.042
1.069
1.092
'.123
.8791
...23
.728
.395
58.91
4
1.460
1.484
'■505
1.520
1.540
'•559
1.571
I. 581
1.592
1.604
1.3869
1.604
I. 144
.460
71.82
s
1.476
1.466
1.430
1.396
'■373
1.346
'•303
1.268
1.227
1.209
1.4854
1.613
1.209
.404
74.31
6
.920
•905
.882
.881
•854
.842
.814
•795
•773
• 742
•9532
1. 167
• 742
•425
60.80
7
.6^7
•637
.650
.646
.642
.657
.658
.649
.648
• 645
.6428
.712
.608
.104
52.92
8
.632
.647
.662
.675
.691
•699
.707
• 7'4
.718
•73'
.6414
•73'
.581
.150
52.87
9
.763
.768
.767
.777
• 778
• 787
• 793
.806
."06
.819
•7597
.819
.728
.091
55^89
10
■93'
•934
•936
•936
•943
.951
•951
• 948
•945
• 924
.9060
•95'
.820
•'3'
59-60
II
.896
.885
• 883
.888
.883
.880
.879
.878
.880
• 863
.9005
.940
• 863
.077
59-48
12
.918
•945
.926
-93'
•947
•947
•947
•95'
.946
.960
•909s
.960
.866
.094
59-70
'3
• 959
•963
•957
•95'
•946
•932
.921
.914
.899
.882
•9569
-987
.882
.105
60. 90
«4
• 477
•453
• 442
.422
.409
.404
.407
• 392
.404
.421
•5854
■857
.392
•465
5'- 45
'5
• 340
• 338
■33«
• 337
•3'7
.310
• 304
■ 297
• 297
.291
• 3649
• 424
.291
•«33
45.86
16
.402
.401
.411
.409
-397
.^4
.400
-390
• 395
• 392
.3641
.411
• 295
.n6
45-83
•7
• 455
■ 469
•479
.496
.501
.519
•546
•555
•57'
.586
.4488
.586
.383
.203
47-99
18
.796
.806
.807
.815
-813
.815
• 813
.808
.818
.813
•7500
.818
.611
.207
55.64
'9
.692
.686
.684
.687
.694
.704
.709
.7'6
.722
. 722
• 7427
.810
.684
.126
55.46
20
1.006
1.029
1.065
1. 081
1.095
I. "3
I. 128
1. 136
'•'53
1. 170
.9476
1. 170
•745
■ 425
60.66
21
1.383
1.398
1.398
1. 410
1.409
1.409
1. 416
'■4'5
1. 410
1.408
1.3446
1.416
'•'93
• 223
70.75
22
1.276
I. 259
1-237
I. 219
1.185
I. 167
LIS,
1. 132
I. Ill
1.078
1.2863
'•413
1.078
•335
69.25
23
•773
.746
.728
.695
•659
.626
.606
•593
•59'
.586
.8321
1.074
.586
.488
57-72
24
.|i28
•507
.490
• 476
.472
.464
•459
• 459
■ 441
• 429
•5322
• 594
• 429
.165
50. 10
25
•309
•309
.301
.297
.297
• 294
•293
.294
.287
.291
•3364
.418
.287
•'3'
45.12
26
• 359
.3S8
.362
-.165
• 366
•372
•383
.386
• 392
•393
•3567
•393
.294
.099
45.66
27
.584
•585
•583
. 619
.606
.614
.617
.632
• 636
• 647
•5435
.647
.412
•235
50.40
28
.7560
•7578
•7590
.7606
•7576
•7595
.7609
.7600
.7602
•7598
• 7542
.864
.638
.226
55-79
55.84
55^87
55-92
55^84
55^89
55.92
55-89
55- 89
55- 89
55^74
58.53
52.79
573
55-75
il
•,.i
116
Date.
T.'IE LAUY FKANKLIN BAY liXrEDlTlON.
MARCH, 1882.
Taui-k XIII. — Atmospheric presiurc [reduced to sca),^ March, i88a.
Wasiiiii^ton mean time. Reduce to lucal mean lime by milling 4i>'"
liarumetcr'' abuve the sea 24.2 feet [7.J8 meler-s].
//= 29.000+ ^_-|-8l°44' A = -04°45'_.— 4" 19"'
I
2
3 —
4
S
0
7
8
9-
10
II
12
«3
>4
«S----
16
•7 ---
iS
«9--
20
21
22 .
23-
24
25 --
26
27
28
29—
30
3«
Msans
Mean.sin milli-
meters 7004-
.656
•534
• 04s
.729
.811
•732
.92«
. 726
.647
•544
.489
.400
.602
•772
.865
.986
1.384
1.592
1.396
1.384
•973
•538
. 209
•493
.672
.842
.711
.695
• 452
.001
.808
3 a. 111.
.679
.505
.061
.744
.8)0
•7'5
•9i«
.724
.649
• 546
• 49'
.409
.613
■777
.865
.998
1-399
1.587
1.407
1-378
.956
. 522
. 225
•499
•''93
• 839
. 721
.685
• 434
.076
•835
72.95 .7353
55. 13 55. 28
•675
.476
.094
. 766
.865
•703
•939
■7'3
•453
• 534
•473
.416
. 622
•783
.854
1. 015
1. 415
1.581
1.408
••355
■ 943
•5"
■ 232
.508
.704
■ 834
. 722
.683
.410
.118
• 845
4 a. m.
5 a. 111.
.701
•430
. 121
•779
.887
.701
•952
. 710
.657
• 520
•456
.424
.630
•787
.850
1.039
1.429
1.578
1.409
'•352
.926
.490
.247
.512
.719
.830
•725
.675
.380
.154
.856
•737'
55-3'
•7395
55-38
• C95
• 397
. 129
.800
.918
. 722
.961
.704
.654
• 529
•444
.440
• ('34
.787
.848
1.062
1.442
'•575
1.417
1-339
.920
.476
.259
. 522
• 727
.825
.724
• 673
• 345
.191
.878
• 7431
55- 46
6 a. 111.
.707
•355
. 142
.8ly
•934
•737
.960
.704
•653
■534
.421
•447
•643
.7S8
.847
1.072
1.464
1.564
1.427
I. 311
.892
.456
.285
.529
■735
.819
■734
.663
•3"
-244
.892
.7448
55-5'
7 a. 111.
.707
■3'4
.178
.S25
.941
•75'
•955
. 700
.644
.540
.402
•4<>3
•655
.790
.849
1.095
1.468
'•55'
1-434
I. 302
.891
•433
. 290
•534
.746
.811
-736
.664
.387
-283
.912
. 74f'8
55-56
8 a. 111.
.720
•275
. 212
.828
• 949
•765
• 947
.701
.628
•532
•379
.469
.658
•794
.848
1.479
••534
1.428
•-293
.866
.420
•3^>
•539
• 754
-799
-733
-657
•245
•349
. 920
■ 74<>5
55-53
9 a. III.
•7"5
. 247.
.251
.S27
.967
•784
•955
.707
. 619
•532
•379
.481
.680
• 803
-854
I. 128
I. 511
••525
'•430
I. 272
.845
•372
•323
-529
•774
.782
•734
• 643
. 216
•387
. 921
•7«7
. 200
.289
.813
.981
• 778
-949
. 702
. 614
.519
.366
.485
.680
.800
.846
I. 146
I. 521
1.504
1.430
1.244
.829
-357
-340
-536
-771
-777
.719
.638
••93
•429
•930
.7480. .7453
55.58 55.51
■695
.161
•.330
• 7'^
.968
•793
• 933
.684
.C02
•525
•354
.488
.689
.798
.841
I. 171
1.529
1.484
1.429
I. 216
-799
• 329
•345
• 542
•774
.766
.717
.618
.166
• 45«
.926
•739^
55-36
Noon.
.709
.117
•357
. 768
•954
•794
.914
•675
• 592
•532
•335
. 500
.697
.807
.848
I. 182
•■545
1 . 466
•-433
I. 194
•779
.310
• 363
•550
.785
-748
. 712
.611
••3«
•505
•937
■737^
55^ 31
11.
18
ay
(iriivlly
corrcctiitn.
0.070
0.07a
I p. ni.
.698
.079
.392
•739
•945
.812
.881
. 670
.580
.<28
•327
.511
. 710
.814
.848
1.202
i-54«
1. 451
1.430
1. 162
•754
.285
• 374
■556
.807
•736
.706
.603
.115
.528
•930
•7327
55.21
2 (I. ni.
.705
•039
•423
•729
. 926
.827
.877
•674
.582
.521
•329
.522
.710
.821
.849
I. 209
••535
1.438
1.426
1. 159
.741
.259
.382
.567
.816
.7^3
•695
•S83
.097
•567
-929
•7313
55- "6
• By constant +.030.
^ Mercurial barometer No. aig.
H.
30
3'
Crevlty
correction.
0.074
0.077
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
MARCH, i88j.
Table XIII. — Atmospheric pressure {reitiiced to sen), March, i88i.
Washinyten mean time. Reduce to I0c.1l me.m lime by adding 49"'
Barometer almve the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//=29.ooo4- ^=-(-81° 44' X=— 64O4S' - — 4'' 19™
117
3 p.m.
4 p.m.
5 p.m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p.m.
9 p. m.
lop.m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
D.iily
me.iiis.
Max.
Min.
kango.
I
Daily means in
mm., 700-p
41
.707
.702
.694
. 690
•677
.656
.646
.629
.602
.5S0
.6817
.720
• 580
. 140
53 91
1
.024
.015
.015
.006
(28. 993)
.000
.OI2
.013
.021
•037
•«775
•534
28. 993
• 54'
41. 10
2
.456
.490
•527
•553
•585
.608
.644
.664
,682
.701
• 3723
.701
.045
.C56
46.03
3
.709
.707
• 703
.712
•713
•7«S
.720
•743
.770
.795
.7601
.828
■703
.125
55.89
4
.921
.906
.891
• 874
.860
.844
.821
.803
•775
•750
.8884
.981
.750
•23'
59- '4
5
.837
.8j6
.858
.861
.867
•873
.888
.902
.908
•923
.8069
.923
.701
. 222
57.09
6
.850
• 847
.816
.821
.800
.788
•771
.758
• 749
•735
.8761
.961
•735
.226
58.83
7
.671
• ('f'S
.066
.666
.666
.656
.663
.657
.651
.644
•6833
.726
.644
.082
53-94
8
.587
• 57'
• 5f>3
. 568
•559
•539
•529
.520
• 533
.540
•595'
• 657
• 520
.'37
51.70
9
•523
.526
.5'8
.526
•527
•523
•521
.508
• 5"
.501
• 5^59
• 546
.50'
.045
49-94
10
•334
•333
.343
•3S'
•35'
•359
.373
.382
• 39'
•395
•3857
• 49'
•327
. 164
46.39
II
.528
• 542
• 549
• 559
• 578
.58'
■ 592
• 579
• 589
.598
.506;^
.598
.400
.198
49-44
12
.729
•739
•75'
•7f'S
.761
.761
• 76S
.769
.780
.7S1
.7010
.781
.602
• '79
54.40
'3
.818
.820
• 837
.840
• 839
.852
.842
.852
.855
.865
.8142
.S65
•772
.093
57.26
'4
.S67
.865
.884
.8S9
.S90
.920
• 932
•945
• 956
•975
.8765
•975
.841
.'34
58.83
'5
1.239
1.249
1.256
1.279
1.300
'•326
'•34'
1.369
1.369
••383
1. 1886
'•383
.986
•397
66.79
16
I. 561
1.589
1.585
1.59'
1.598
'-597
1. 613
1.607
1.606
1. 601
1. 5262
1.613
1.384
.229
75.34
'7
'•43'
1.420
1.414
1.407
'•403
1.389
1.392
1.388
'•382
1.382
1.4776
1.592
'.382
.210
74.12
18
'•434
'•435
1.436
1.4.30
1.422
I. 420
i.4'8
1. 410
1.407
'•393
I. 4212
1.436
'-393
.043
72.68
'9
1.14s
1. 121
I. Ill
'■093
1.082
1.059
1.049
1.029
1. 012
• 997
'-'94'
1.384
\.997
•387
66. 91
20
.721
.694
• 67s
.6()0
.640
.612
•595
•577
.565
.546
.7666
• 973
.546
.427
56.07
21
•253
. 246
.226
.224
.217
•'99
• '93
.'83
• '97
.702
•329'
• 538
• '83
•355
44.94
22
.408
.418
.428
•4.32
•439
.448
• 456
.461
.466
•479
•.3592
• 479
.209
. 270
45-7'
23
.5S0
•585
•59'
.598
.601
.614
.637
.64'
.651
.669
• 'i^M
.669
•493
.176
50.96
24
.814
.817
.827
.819
.824
.822
.832
• 837
• 838
.842
.7812
.842
.672
.170
56. 43
25
•703
.692
.686
.681
.667
.677
.671
679
.688
.694
• 7483
.842
.667
■"75
55-58
26
.704
.707
.694
.702
.707
. 702
.707
.694
.704
.70.^
•7'.30
•736
.694
.042
54.70
27
.582
• 580
•570
•567
.562
.552
.542
• 527
.512
-479
. 6068
• 695
•479
.216
5«. 01
28
.0S3
.062
•043
.015
.018
.010
.011
(28.995)
(28. 988)
(28. 903)
.1667
.452
(28.988)
.464
40.83
29
•592
.627
• 652
•693
.7'o
• 723
•7.39
• 759
•774
•790
•4726
.790
.001
•789
48. 60
30
.926
•933
• 946
•944
.946
.956
•949
•978
.982
.996
.9'98
.996
.808
.188
59- 95
3>
•7337
•7335
•7340
.7360
• 7355
• 7349
•7375
•7374
•7392
.7409
•7382
.862
.613
■ 249
55- 23
55-23
55-23
55^28
55-28
55- ^f"'
55- 33
55-3'
SS3I
55.26
55-33
58. 48
52. 16
6.32
55-34
118
Dale,
THE LADY FBANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
APRIL, 1882.
Table XIV. — Atmospheric pressure {reduced to sea)*, April, i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49''>
liarometer'' almve the sea 24.3 feet [7.38 meters].
//= 19.000+ 0=-|-8l°44' X = -64''4S'=— 4'' 19"'
I
3
3
4
5
6
7
8_.
9—
10
II .
13 .
»3-
14-
'5-
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26.
27-
28.
29.
30.
Means
Means in milli-
meters 700+
I a. m.
.987
.782
I. 089
.968
•72s
.831
.877
1.095
'•745
1.854
1.424
1 . 506
1.489
I. 242
. 921
.697
. 642
•875
1.044
1 .347
1.422
•94'
I. 178
'•319
.992
I. 292
I. 292
I-SS3
I. 213
I. 203
1. 1415
65.59
2 a. m.
.988
.781
1.085
. 960
•730
■837
.884
I. 120
I. 771
'•837
1.398
I. 518
1.489
I. 216
.905
.705
.646
.882
1.060
'•359
1. 414
.969
I. 218
1.285
1.015
1.299
I. 296
1.248
I. 212
I. 201
»• 1443
65.64
3 a. m.
•977
•775
1.092
.948
•754
.842
.89 1
I. 1 )o
1.807
1.022
I. 410
1.524
I. 495
I. 201
.890
.711
.644
•894
1.072
'•372
1.407
• 9f>3
1 . 264
I. 260
1.034
I. 301
1 . 306
I. 241
I. 209
I. '84
'• 1473
65.72
4 a. m.
• 9f'9
.786
1.078
. 961
.788
.848
.892
I. 145
l.8;8
I. 818
I. 414
'•54'
1.492
I. 190
.870
• 7'7
. 650
.907
1. 081
1.382
1.400
•944
'•307
I. 222
1.058
1.294
'•305
1-234
I. 217
'•'73
I. 1507
<''5^ 83
5 a. m.
6 a.m.
■ 949 • 938
. 804 . 820
1.084 1.082
• 939 • 9^5
.826 .841
.842
.892
1. 150
1.874
"•793
1.423
••536
1.498
1. 177
.866
.711
.648
.919
1.097
1.390
1.398
.928
'•332
I. 185
1.083
1.297
'•304
'•233
I. 220
I. 172
•• '523
65.85
.848
.892
I. 159
I. 902
1.764
1.427
1.541
I. 50'
I. 149
.848
.708
.652
.922
I. 109
'•399
J. 390
.899
1.368
'.'59
1.094
1.293
1.309
1.236
I. 232
I. '75
1.1527
65.88
7 a.m.
•9'3
•84s
1.080
.899
.846
• 838
•903
'•'77
'•93'
1.742
'•434
'•539
'•5'2
'•'39
.839
.704
.652
■934
I. 119
1.398
'•365
.912
1.396
I. 130
1. 106
I. 292
'.307
I. 236
I. 240
1.179
I. 1536
65.90
8 a.m.
.881
.861
1.088
.898
.854
■843
.<P3
I. 188
'•9,13
I. 716
1.440
1.541
I. 511
I. 118
.817
.707
.667
.950
'•'35
1.398
'•344
• 899
1.427
1.095
I. 130
I. 292
'■ 312
1.232
1.236
'•'79
'•'532
65.88
9 a. m.
.835
.872
1.082
.898
.850
.841
.899
I. 210
1.970
I. 712
I 45'
I 542
I 507
I. lot
• 797
.699
.682
.963
1. 144
1.407
'347
.912
'453
1. 071
I. 152
i.3«4
'•3'5
I. 231
1.253
I. '77
1. 1562
65.95
loa.m.
.802
.878
1.069
.872
.863
.836
.909
'•239
1. 981
I. 681
1,463
'.552
I, 506
1,089
.789
.695
.681
•963
I. 159
i.4'3
I. 302
.925
1.472
1.046
I. 177
'.307
i.3'9
1.232
I. 241
I. 184
I. 1548
65.93
1 1 a.m.
Noon.
H.
iS
«9
(fravlty
correction.
0.070
0.07a
75°
.903
1. 061
. 841
.870
.836
. 916
1,287
1.989
1. 618
1.469
'•537
«So3
'•073
.769
.686
.704
.966
I. 181
1.405
1.257
•932
I. 516
1. 015
I. 207
1.289
1.308
I. 213
1.249
I. 186
I. I5'2
65.83
I p. m.
•750
• 933
1.050
.827
.874
■83s
.926
1.320
I. 981
1.608
'473
1.520
1.497
1.070
.755
.682
. 721
.963
'.'93
1. 410
1.234
• 933
1.528
1.002
I. 222
I. 291
I. 301
1 . 203
I. 236
I. 184
I. 1507
65.83
2 |). m.
.753
. 962
I 04s
.790
.878
.838
.939
•■350
2.000
«.S94
1.470
'•5'3
1.486
1.036
•73S
.674
•73'
.969
I. 219
1. 416
1.207
.941
'■5.?3
.986
'■237
1.294
1.298
I. 201
I. 246
1. 189
1. 1510
65. 83
• By constant -f .030.
' Mercurial barometer No. atg.
THE LADY FUANKLiN BAY EXPEDITION.
119
n
V
1'
(;r«vilv
torreelion.
0.074
0.077
APRIL, i88j.
Table XIV. — Atmospheric pressure {reduced to sea), April, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean lime by adding 491^
Ilarometer'* above the sen 24.2 feet [7.J8 meters].
//= 29.000+ ^=-181" 44' X^:— 64045'=— 4i> 19*
3p.m.
4 p. m.
5 p. m.
6 p.m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
lop.m.
11 p.m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
\\
• 747
.746
•773
.785
.770
.768
.768
2*
i
•747
• 756
.776
.8297
.988
.746
.242
57^67
I
.9»3
1.004
1.030
1.040
1.059
1.067
1.078
1.076
1.069
1.091
• 9333
1.091
• 775
.3'6
60.29
2
1.043
1.039
*^<^ii
1.032
i.oiS
1.010
.991
.986
• 987
.969
1.048s
.8328
1.093
•969
.'23
63.20
3
.7«5
•778
.748
•745
■737
■732
■730
■73'
.710
.706
.968
.706
.262
57^75
4
.878
.S86
.875
.866
.801
.856
■847
■845
• 839
■833
• 8395
.886
•725
.161
57.92
5
.841
.840
8<;6
.856
.855
.86}
■ 863
.866
.863
.868
.8466
.868
.831
•037
58. 10
6
■ 959
.972
.988
1.004
I.OIS
'•035
1.046
1.058
1.072
1.093
•9534
1.093
.877
.216
60.80
7
i.3«7
I. 421
1.459
1.502
'■537
1.578
1.611
1.646
1.689
1.7"
1.3489
1.711
1.095
.616
70.85
8
1.996
1.994
1.983
1.967
1.96c
1.952
1.928
1.919
1.892
1. 881
1.9240
2.000
'•745
• 255
8S.4S
9
"•573
1.566
'•543
1.519
'SOS
1.492
1.487
1.461
'•453
'■437
'•6353
1.854
'•437
.417
78.12
10
1-457
1.490
1.487
1.496
1.507
1.506
1.504
1.491
1.499
'■503
1.4627
'■507
1.398
. 109
73^75
11
i.5'7
1.509
1.508
I. 511
1. 506
'■499
1.496
1.489
1.482
1.483
1.5191
'■552
1.482
.070
75^ '7
12
1.471
1.456
1.449
1.428
'•403
'■378
'■359
'■334
1.306
1.283
'■4525
1.512
1.283
.229
73^ 47
'3
1.0^2
1. 012
1.012
.996
.984
■975
. 960
• 949
•947
•937
1.0697
1.242
•937
• 305
63. 76
'4
.738
.729
.714
.704
• 703
.702
■694
. 690
■693
.f.95
■ 7769
.921
.690
•23'
56.32
«5
.663
.657
. 661
.656
.648
.646
• 650
■ 636
.638
• 632
.6782
■ 7'7
.632
.085
53.80
16
• 735
• 75?
.748
.761
.782
.800
.808
.819
.840
.844
.7212
.844
.642
. 202
54.90
'7
.976
.982
.981
■997
.?97
1.000
1.010
1.019
1.029
1.029
.9622
1.029
.875
• '54
61. 02
18
I. 212
I. 242
1.249
1.269
1.287
1.298
'■3'5
1. 320
'•327
1328
1. 1929
'.328
1.044
.284
66. 89
'9
'•435
'.439
1.440
1.438
1.430
1.425
1.427
1. 421
1.412
1.412
1.4078
1.440
'■347
•093
72.35
20
1. 160
!• J43
I. lOI
1.078
1.049
'•034
1.008
■984
. 960
■ 954
1.2182
1.422
• 954
.468
67.52
21
• 95'
.970
• 992
.996
1.009
1.014
1.038
i.o()6
1.095
'■ '37
.9705
'■'37
.899
.238
61.22
22
'•5''3
1.542
'• 537
'•523
1.508
1.489
1.458
1.41c
'■ 391
'■357
1.4270
'■543
1. 17S
• 365
72.83
23
• 979
.976
•963
•952
• 956
■952
■95'
■955
■963
■975
1.0598
'■3"9
•95'
.368
63- 5'
24
1.252
'■^57
I. 269
1.281
1. 290
1.282
1. 290
'■ 29s
1.296
1.299
1. 1876
1.299
• 992
• 307
66.76
25
I. 291
I. 280
1.278
1.284
1.284
1.286
1.289
1.288
1. 291
1. 290
1.2920
'■3'4
1.278
.036
69.40
26
1.294
I. 287
I. 283
1.283
1. 282
1.279
1.278
1.266
1. 261
'■255
1.2938
'■3'9
'■255
.064
69^ 45
27
1. 19S
1.206
1.197
1. 199
'■'95
1. 201
1. 205
1.210
1.203
1. J04
1.2180
'■253
'■ '95
.058
67.52
28
I. 246
I.2?8
1.236
1.242
I 235
1.2:4
1.222
1. 212
1.211
1.206
1. 2301
'■253
1.206
.047
67. 83
29
1.178
1. 1507
65.83
I. 182
11532
65. 88
1. 182
T~.5^>;
65.85
1.187
1.188
1. 184
1.18s
1.18S
1. 196
1.202
1. 1850
1. 203
1. 172
.031
66.69
30
'•'523
65.8s
I. 1521
65.85
'■'5'5
65.85
I. 1499
I. 1467
1. 1461
1. 1463
65.69
1. 1506
65.83
I. 224
1. 010
• 2n
65.80
65.72
65.69
*■ •■*"?
67.07
62.24
"■"J
5^4'
65.81
120
TUE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
tl
[]H i
I
a
r.ate.
I .
3 .
3
4
5
6.
7.
8.
9
lo.
II .
13 .
•3
'4-
•5-
i6.
'T-
IS.
•9.
20 .
21 .
22 .
23.
24-
25-
26....
27
28
29
30
31
Means
Means ill milli-
meters, 700-t-
MAY, 1881.
Tadle XV. — Almoipherii prtisure {rtduced to tta),* Miiy^ i88a.
Waihingtnn mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49™
Ilarometcr'' aliuvo the sea 24. 1 feet [7.38 meten].
//=:35,ooo+ ,t=:|8i°44' ;i=-64''4S'=-4'' ID"
I a.m.
1.307
I. 185
I. 109
'•343
I. 390
I. 163
1.060
1.069
••3«3
••323
I. 324
1.2/9
I. 129
I- 035
.737
.656
•792
.759
.782
■ 974
1.086
1.025
I. 324
1.519
'•329
1.250
1.152
I. 202
••033
•955
1351
3 a. m.
1. 317
1. 184
1. 133
1-365
1.280
3»in.
I. 319
1.183
I- "34
'•373
1.378
•157 I- "53
1.057 1. 048
1.073 I 1.083
1.315 \ 1.310
1.324 1.318
1-325
I. 271
1.117
1.034
■ 736
.C69
.792
. 760
.792
-978
1. 091
1.043
1-329
••5'3
'•32s
1.322
I. 267
1. 107
1.034
•73«
.680
.790
.764
•799
•979
1.092
1.064
••.334
I. 519
1.322
4 a.m.
I. 130
I. 182
1.148
••378
1.279
•50
•046
097
323
3«7
1.322
1.267
I. 098
• 034
.728
.685
-787
.767
.805
.978
1.093
1.086
••339
••5'7
••3>7
1.255 I ^-249 ••243
I. 152 1. 150 I. 155
I. 203 1. 203 I I. 216
1.030
.970
1.032
■977
I- 031
.990
1.362 1.371 1.383
1. I2III 1. 1241
65. 06 65. 13
1. 1253 I. 1287
65. 16 65. 26
• By constant -f .030.
5 •.in.
I. 340
1. 177
1. 148
'■378
1273
1. 156
1. 046
1. 116
1.326
••3"7
1.321
I. 267
1.088
••033
.728
.697
•789
.770
.810
-979
1.096
1. 113
•-342
I- 510
1.310
I. 240
1. 162
1.225
1.025
1.004
1.396
•-•3«7
65-34
6 a. m.
• 243
1.170
• ••53
I ^^382
1.274
1.157
1 . 036
I. 110
••327
• •3.14
••3^5
1 . 264
1.077
1 . 030
• 730
.716
■773
• 77^
.813
.986
1.098
1. 131
• ■35^
• 504
• .3^8
1.238
1. 164
1. 223
1.016
1.021
•.397
•• •330
65-37
7 a.m.
• -255
1. 170
I. 167
1.368
1.363
• •54
1. 017
1.115
••330
•■329
' 3'i
1 . 266
1.066
1.016
■724
•727
•777
.770
.819
•989
1. 101
1. 156
••358
••497
i-3^^
1. 223
I. 167
1. 220
1. 014
1.036
1.414
I- '332
65-37
8 a. m.
• •253
I. 165
1. 184
1.360
1.358
1. 156
I. 013
I. 136
1.321
•-327
1.309
• ■257
1. 051
1.008
•723
•745
•774
-763
• 839
•994
1.099
1.174
••364
1.494
1.308
1.213
1. 164
I. 221
l.oio
1.062
1.422
-1344
65- 39
9 a. m.
1.348
1.151
I. 200
• -.357
1. 250
• -•54
1.00.S
1. 156
• •324
•-330
I- 305
1.259
1.043
.983
•72s
.769
.781
.770
•859
•995
1. no
1.198
1.382
•-493
I. 312
1.215
1.159
I. 227
1.004
1.075
1.430
1. 1378
65.49
10 a. m.
1.259
I. 141
I. 311
1-359
I. 341
1.149
1.008
• . ^63
••3<5
•-323
1.302
1.257
1-033
. 962
.719
■ 777
.776
.766
.869
1.000
1. 104
I. 220
1.396
1.481
••3'5
1. 204
1. 160
1. 220
• 984
1.088
1.421
1. 1362
65.44
II a.m.
1.248
1. 148
1. 223
• • .353
• •237
1.151
1.004
1. 162
I. 311
1.320
I. 291
1.245
1.021
• 945
.716
.786
.770
•763
.878
•994
1.096
I. 241
I. 401
1.472
i.3«2
•••93
I. 156
1.218
.976
1. Ill
1.422
!• 1343
65^ 39
Noon.
1.244
•••35
••239
1346
I. 224
•••39
1.002
1.178
I. 311
I. 3"
1.286
•243
1.005
.924
•699
.791
. 760
• 759
.8S9
l.OOI
••093
I. 261
1.416
• •459
1.306
1. 182
I. 160
1.208
.972
I. 126
1.419
1. 1319
65^ 34
n.
tl
Gravity
corrtclion.
0.070
0.070
|). ni.
I.2.J8
I. 1 30
I. 250
••.543
1.216
i.132
1.001
I. 185
••305
1.308
1.278
••233
•994
•903
•693
.807
•759
.761
.90s
1. 010
1.089
1.278
1.427
1.447
1.304
1. 177
•••55
1. 198
. 961
1.143
1.416
I. 1308
65^ 32
3 p. m.
1.245
IIJ3
1. 261
••347
I. 213
I. 124
1,009
1.203
1.299
1.308
1.278
1.223
.986
.895
685
.812
•757
.762
.914
lois
1,081
1,280
•-439
1-435
1-303
1. 173
1.156
1.184
•957
1.168
1. 418
1.1310
65^ 3a
* Mercurial barometer No. 1*9.
I
r r
TliK LADY FUANKLIN IJAY KXTEDITION.
121
MAY, 1 88 J.
Taiilk XV. — Atmospheric J>ressuri{>e,/tue(i to uii), Aftiy, 1882.
11.
10
(•ravlty
cucrt'cilun.
Wuliingtnn im-aii lime. Kciluce to I(ic;\l lui-aii time l>y adiling 49">
Darometer uliove the sea 24.2 feet [7-38 meters].
0.07/
11
"•■■77
//=29.ooof ^=|8i°44' A^-640 45'
=.-4!' 19"
3 1>. ni.
4 p. m.
5 |.. m.
6 |). m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p.m.
II p. m.
Mi.ln't.
Daily
meaiLs.
Max.
Min.
Rant;e.
.069
a
1%
r
1.244
1. 336
1.225
I, 210
I. 199
I. 199
1. 201
1. li>o
"•"93
1.191
1.2268
"•259 1
1. 190
67. 75
1
1.117
1. 132
1. 112
1.115
1. 112
1. l.<3
1.116
1. 118
1. 117
"- 105
1.1425
1.185
I. 105
.080
65. 59
3
1.266
1.267
1,270
1.2K5
"•283 ,
1. 299
"-.?04
1.308
"•325
"-343
l.22<)5
"•.!43
1. 109
■ 234
67. 83
3
'•34S
••.?49
« 35"
"..542
"-.M4
"•344
"•3.57
1. 320
1. ?o6
"•,501
"•,5496
1.382
1.301
.081
70.88
4
1.209
1.200
1.194
1.185
1.178
"•"73
I. 168
1.162
"• 163
1.167
1.2235
1. 290
1. 162
.128
67.67
5
I.I2J
I. 119
I. 113
1.099
1.098
1.091
1.082
1 08}
1.069
1.063
I. 1262
1. 162
1 . 063
.099
65. 18
6
1.014
• 023
1.024
'-037
"-03S
1.041
1.044
1.048
1.054
1.0f)2
1 . 0 ?c>8
1.062
1.001
.0(^11
62. 78
7
1.213
1.224
1.238
1.252
I. 270
1.281
1.291
1.295
1 . 308
"•3"4
I. 1888
" 3'4
1.069
.245
66. 79
8
1.504
"•.W
I. 306
1.301
"-.P7
1. ?o6
1.31 1
"•3'4
'-323
1.320
«.3'37
I .WO
1 . 2()9
.031
69. 96
9
1.303
'•303
1-307
1.296
i.3«o
1.320
"-3"7
"•3"4
".3"<i
"•323
I. 3165
"•334
1 . 296
.038
70.01
10
I. 2S6
l.»93
1-293
1.298
"•293
1.296
1.20"
1.284
1.278
1.278
I. 2991
"32s
1.278
.047
69.58
II
1.217
1.210
1.199
1. 191
1. 186
I. 180
1. 171
I. 157
1. 152
1.142
1.2251
1.279
1. 142
•"37
67. 70
■ 3
.988
.989
•9«3
- 9')6
1.000
.998
l.OOl)
1.0I2
1 . 026
I.0J2
"■0353
1. 129
•983
. 146
62.88
"3
.871
.850
-«.?5
.S21
•794
.7«2
-777
•772
•578
• 753
.9104
"035
.753
.282
59. 10
14
.676
. 669
. 669
.663
.656
.660
.652
. 640
.650
•653
.6942
•737
.640
.097
S4.21
"S
.819
.816
.■810
.80s
.806
.804
.803
•795
.804
.803
.7659
.819
.656
."63
56.04
16
•755
•754
• 759
•752
•758
.750
.752
-755
.761
.761
. 7681
.792
.750
.042
56. 09
"7
.758
.767
.762
.71-2
.764
• 7f'4
.775
• 772
•779
.782
. 7662
.782
•758
. 024
56. 04
18
.925
•93'
• 932
•954
.962
• 9<'9
. 9^'4
• 972
.967
•974
.8885
•974
.782
.192
59. 14
"9
1.026
1.046
1.062
1.063
1.067
I 073
1.069
1.069
1.076
".083
1.0211
1.083
•974
.109
62.52
20
1.077
1.067
1.067
'-o.?5
1.039
"035
I. 031
1.022
1 . 02S
".<->25
I. 0731
I. no
1.022
.oSS
63.84
21
l.2<)5
1.304
1-305
1.308
■ "-3'o
I. 308
1.306
i-i^^l
3-315
1.320
I. 2231
1. 320
1.025
.295
67. 65
22
1.44S
I 45'>
1.464
1 . 479
1.491
"•493
1.504
1. 506
"-S'9
1 '522
1.4202
i.sa2
I. 124
. 198
72. 65
23
«-43«
1.422
1.408
1-395
1.384
1376
1.361
"•.548
"-342
1 "•34"
1. 4445
1.519
"•34"
.178
73.26
24
1. 299
1.298
1.302
1.295
1.287
"•283
1.283
1.276
1. 269
1 261
".30"9
"• 329
1.261
.06S
69. 66
25
I. 170
I. 165
1. 163
1. 163
1.154
1.154
I. 149
"■"45
1. 148
1. 152
1.1924
1.255
" "45
. 110
66. 86
26
I. 161
1. 163
1-16S
1.171
I. 182
1.181
1.182
1 1. 188
1. 188
1.196
I. 1661
1. 196
1 150
.046
66. 21
27
1.172
1.164
1. 144
I. 128
I. Ill
1.082
1.072
1. 061
1.048
1.038
1. 1662
1.227
1.058
. 189
66. 21
28
•954
•947
•952
•943
-943
•948
• 949
• 956
•953
•955
.9810
"•033
•943
.090
61. 51
29
1. i8j
I. 201
1-223
1.251
1. 270
I. 280
1.299
"•323
"•333
"•34.5
"•"43"
"•345
•955
•390
65.(12
30
1.420
••4«3
1. 412
1.406
1.400
1.400
1.1 28S
'- .392
"•387
1.380
"•372
1.4002
I. 1 301
1.430
"•.35"
.079
! 72.15
3"
I. 131a
• • '31*
1. 1306
1. 1291
1. 128S
I. 127S
1. 126c
I. 1274
1. 1283
X. 190
1. 600
• "30
65^ 32
f'S- 34
65- 32
65. 26
65. 26
65. 26
65- 23
65. 18
65.21
65^23
65.29
66. 81
63^ 5"
3^30
65. 29
122
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
I
ifi
Date.
lii-^
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 --
10
11
12 .._
«3
14
'5 --
If)
>7
iS _.
>9 --
20
21
22
2.5 --
24 --
25---
26
27
28
29 -
30
Meany
Mcnnsiiimilli
meters, 7(X)-|
JUNE, 1882.
Table 5CVI. — Almospherk pressure {reducedto sea)* yune, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"'
Barometer'' above the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//=29.ooo-)- ^= + 81° 44' A = -640 45' = -4'> igra
n.
Gravity
correction.
38
0.070
0.07a
1.362
1. 169
i.cSo
1.050
•947
•974
1.034
•944
•995
1.093
1.098
.887
•993
.864
.714
.4-4
• <99
.560
. 640
.785
1.006
.97S
. 702
I. 071
1.0S2
1.088
I. 051
1.056
1 . 009
. 9S6
• 93-**o
60.41
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a.m.
••352
1.346
1.348
I. 167
I. 163
I. 160
1.082
I . oSq
1.0S8
1.048
1.046
1.036
•952
.951
•955
• 978
•977
.982
1.030
1.029
1.028
•945
.940
• 95>
.996
■993
1.008
1.096
1.099
1.095
1. 102
I. 102
I. lOI
.884
.8S0
•873
1. 000
•997
I. 001
.856
•853
.844
.696
.682
. 668
.420
. 416
• 432
•50.?
•5'3
•5>5
• 55«
.qvS
•558
.638
• <>5o
.658
•793
•797
.Soo
1. 016
1. 014
1.025
. 962
.950
.940
. 706
•7>3
.709
'■075
I . oSo
1 . 069
:. o()o
I. 091
1. 091
I.oSs
1.0S7
I. 0S7
1.047
1.044
1.050
1 . 062
1.077
1.0S7
1. 010
1.020
1.024
.988
.98S
•9S4
■ 9379
.9382
• 9389
60. 41
60. 41
60. 44
5 a.m.
1.348
«->57
1.089
1.039
•955
• 984
1.032
•954
1.009
1.095
I. lOI
.875
I. 000
•843
.658
•457
. 522
■557
.662
. 807
1.027
■ 944
•7'7
1. 071
1.093
1.0S4
1.045
1.08S
I. 027
.986
.9409
60.49
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a.m.
9 a. m.
10a. m.
11 a.m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p.m.
'•350
I 333
1.327
i.3'4
1.302
1.286
I. 281
1.275
1.263
I. 151
I. 144
!■ »34
I. 142
1. 126
1.117
1. 108
1. 106
1. lOI
1.092
1.098
1.093
I. 100
1.093
1.087
1.083
1.078
1. 081
1.026
I, 006
.991
.988
•977
■963
•959
.951
.951
•954
•950
•958
.969
.956
■953
.952
■945
.952
.990
1. 001
'..010
I. on
l.OIl
I. 012
1.019
1.023
1.024
I. 027
I. 019
1.016
l.OIO
1.000
•995
•983
.980
•974
•949
.958
.960
.971
.969
.971
.965
.972
•973
1.005
I. on
1.013
1.022
I. 014
1.016
1. 018
1.024
1.029
I. 092
I. 091
1.088
1.094
1.093
1.085
1.085
1. 081
1.076
1.085
i.oKi
1.078
1 . 064
I. 051
1.040
1.027
1. 012
1. 005
■863
•8.55
• 856
■857
•857
.862
.868
.883
.891
I. 004
•997
• 998
.984
■975
.065
•947
.940
•936
■837
.828
.822
.818
.S22
. 814
.812
.809
.806
•6,?5
.601
• 567
•551
■5.30
■S'3
•494
• 484
.476
• 4'>3
.464
.464
•404
.467
.470
.469
.466
.466
.520
•545
•545
.556
•552
■553
•552
•555
•556
.560
.562
. 5(16
•574
.576
■57^
.581
.582
.586
.671
.694
.6S7
.705
.710
.707
.718
•723
.728
.804
.813
.826
.S42
.85;'
.862
.S72
.880
.895
1.036
1.051
'■054
•■"55
». 060
1.059
'■055
1.047
1.047
•937
■9>3
. 901
. 88()
.86^
•845
. 826
•797
.787
.714
.712
. 706
.707
. 689
.699
.728
.760
•792
I. 077
I . oSo
I. 076
1.083
1. 079
1 . 069
•■057
1.056
1.056
1.09S
1.092
1.097
I. 103
I. 102
1. lOI
I. 109
1.014
I. Ill
1 . 0S4
I. 076
1.078
l.oSi
1.077
1 . 076
1.079
1.086
1.075
1.042
1 . 036
1.038
1.034
1.042
1.031
^■°U
1.018
1.022
I . oSo
1.077
i.o7f)
•■075
1.072
1.079
1.074
1.056
1.05s
1.024
i.o3()
^033
1.040
1.024
1.012
■987
•994
1.004
•9S5
.9S0
.965
■ 973
■954
.9298
■952
■948
.9230
.952
•943
•9387
.9368
■9342
■9359
•9255
.9216
.9220
60.44
60.39
60.31
60. 36
60.21
60. 10
60. 03
59.99
60.00
■ By constant +.030.
'> Mercuria! barometer No. iv,.
'1
B.
30
3'
Gravity
correction.
0.074
0.077
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JUNE, 1882.
Table XV L — Atmospheric pressure (reiiiiieilto sea), yune, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"'
Haromeier above the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//=29.ooo-f (>=-f 81° 44' X=-64° 45'=— 4'! ig"'
123
3p.n.
4 p.m.
SP^m.
6 p.m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10p.m.
K p.m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
Daily means in
turn., 700-f
0.
1.249
1.244
I- 24s
1. 242
1. 229
1.222
I. 214
I. 202
1. 104
1.182
1. 2796
1.362
1.182
.180
69.10
I
1.088
1.08s
1.094
1.083
1.086
1.082
1.074
1.076
1.080
1.079
1.115s
I. 169
1.074
•095
64^ 93
2
1.078
!.o68
1.074
1.071
1.069
1.068
1.062
1.059
'•053
"•053
1.0787
I. 100
i.os»
.047
63-99
3
.950
•944
.940
.941
•947
.942
•939
.941
.946
.946
•9778
1.050
•939
. HI
61.42
4
.952
• 958
• 957
.962
.967
. 962
.964
.965
.966
.966
■9570
.969
•947
.022
60.90
5
1. 021
1.027
1.023
1.025
1.025
1.028
1.028
1.034
1.030
1. 031
1.0112
1^034
•974
.060
62.27
6
.965
•958
•952
.946
•943
.946
.940
•937
•9.H
• 942
.9842
"■034
•934
. 100
61.58
7
.97a
.982
• 984
•985
.9S6
•979
.986
•997
•99^
1.000
.9707
1. 000
.940
.060
61.25
8
1.036
I . oy^
«-oS3
i.oss
1.058
1.069
1.071
'■073
'•073
1.080
1.0317
1.080
•993
.087
62.80
9
1.07s
1. 081
1.077
1.081
1.084
1.098
1.092
1.096
1.097
I. 100
1 ■ 0893
I. 100
1.07s
.025
64.2s
10
•994
.987
.996
•933
.940
•9,30
. 922
.917
.902
.890
1.0135
1. 102
.890
.212
62. 32
II
.90s
.929
.946
• 9S<>
•963
.969
.984
•9S9
.6S9
•999
.9092
•999
•855
.144
59^ f>8
12
•936
.929
.911
■905
•897
.885
.880
■877
•87s
■874
. 9461
I. 004
• 871
• 130
60.61
13
.802
.802
.800
.800
•792
•779
•772
■759
.740
•730
.8085
.864
•73-
• 134
57^ II
14
.462
.456
.446
•449
•449
•439
.424
.424
.429
430
.5282
.714
■424
. 290
40.99
'5
.461
• 459
• 456
•459
•463
■47'
•47'
•473
.486
.489
.4596
• 489
.416
•073
48.27
16
.561
■ 560
•552
.561
•559
.561
• 559
■558
■559
.560
•545«
• 56'
• 499
.062
50' 43
•7
.592
•593
.602
. 6f .S
.612
.615
.622
.626
.626
•637
.5868
.6.?7
557
.080
5'^5o
18
•737
•750
•754
• 73 r
•759
•76s
•775
.780
• 783
.788
.7182
.788
.638
• 150
54.82
'9
.90s
.909
•927
.942
•952
.964
.968
•979
•983
.998
.8814
.998
•78s
•2«3
58.97
20
1.044
1.044
1.044
1.044
1.034
1. 02 c
1.012
1.007
•995
.988
1.0329
1.060
.98S
.072
62.83
21
.767
.766
.748
•747
•737
.727
.718
.719
•7«3
.704
.8282
■978
.704
.274
57-61
22
• ^;.?o
.871
•9'3
• 94S
•973
•983
1. 010
1.025
••035
1.049
.8205
1.049
. 6Sy
■ 3<>o
57- 41
23
1 . ofjO
i.osi
•■OS7
1.066
1.062
1.064
'•073
'•073
1.076
1.079
1.0692
1.083
1.051
.032
63^ 74
24
1. 119
F. 120
1. 129
1.125
1.118
IMS
1. 113
I. Ill
1.098
1.093
1. 1048
I. 129
I.0S2
.047
64.56
25
1.07s
1.083
1.085
1^085
1.071
1.076
1.071
1.064
1.058
1.059
1.0779
,.088
I.05S
.030
63. 96
26
1. 018
1.015
1.015
1. 007
! ooy
1.018
1.025
1.026
1.050
1.078
'■0331
1.078
1.007
.871
62.83
27
1. 054
1.044
1.044
1.032
1 . 029
1.020
1.012
1.003
1.006
1.009
1.0529
1.088
1.003
.085
63^ 34
28
1.005
1.001
1.003
•993
•999
•999
1. 000
■995
1.002
•997
1.0099
1.040
■987
•053
62. 24
29
•943
■945
•947
• 948
.948
.960
•975
•965
•973
•965
.9674
.9S8
•943
■045
. Ill
61. 10
.30
.0221
•9233
. 9246
•925'
• 9253
•9254
.9252
.9250
.9^50
.9265
•9295
.988
.876
60.00
60.03
60.08
1
60.08
60.08
60.08
60.08
60.08
60.08
60. 10
60. 18
61.68
58. 83
2.82
60. 19
i
111;
t
124
Date.
25
26
27
28
29
30
3«
I
2
3 ---
4 — -
10
II
12
'■i --
>4
IS —
16...
17 --
18-..
19 ...
20
21
22
23
24
I a.m.
.967
.992
I. 117
I. 192
.970
■845
.810
. 760
.728
. 900
1. 018
1.027
•758
.469
■ 533
• 502
.64S
•447
.502
■(>5i
.712
•757
.780
.5S2
•5''4
•499
• 323
.241
. 726
• 74S
.967
1.003
I. 124
I. 189
.962
.840
.810
•754
•743
. 900
I. 018
I. 022
•743
•471
• 522
.492
■585
• 645
•452
•5'3
.r.6i
. 720
■773
•778
■ 576
•570
•497
• .?o4
• 2(>3
•747
•743
Means _. .72061 .7222
Moans in inilli- I
meters, 700 I 54. 90 54.92
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JULY, 1882.
Table XVII. — Atnunpherk pressure (^reduced to u-a)* yufy, 1882.
Washington mean time. Ueiluce to local metin time . • aiUling 49'"
Harometcr'* above the sea, 24.2 feet [7.38 meters],
//= 29.000+ ^ = + 81" 44' ?. = — 64045' = — 4'> 19m
B.
Cravily
correction.
98
»9
0.070
0.07a
3 a. m.
4 a. ni.
• 9''S • 965
I. 010 I. GIG
I. 124 ' I. 124
1.186 I. 188
• 959
•8.?3
.81G
• 745
•752
.805
1. 014
I.G2I
•7.U
• 478
•5'7
• 484
. 600
. 64G
.461
■513
■675
.719
• 77S
•779
■57f>
■572
■499
. 290
.284
.764
•740
■956
.829
.810
■743
■757
. 901
I. 017
•.024
•723
• 473
•5>5
.476
. 625
• (^-.i
■ 458
■514
.679
.719
.780
■775
.568
.578
.496
.284
.310
•774
• 7.50
.7231 .72371
54. 95 ! 54. 97
S a. m.
6 a. ni.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a.m.
loa.m.
1 1 a.m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
.970
■973
•974
.968
.971
.969
■ 972
•9''3
.958
.956
1.02?
1.023
•033
1. 041
1. 041
I 045
1.050
1.055
'■055
1.062
1 '•137
I. 144
• 145
'■'53
1.158
1.152
I. 165
I. 164
i'S9
1.172
I. 181
I. 156
1. 169
1154
'■139
1. 124
1. 102
1.0S2
1.074
1.066
•95^'
■944
.941
•939
■933
■ 923
.906
.902
.902
.900
.826
.816
.S18
.816
.808
.801
■ 793
•795
.783
.787
.f\.8
799
.792
.792
.790
.772
.766
.765
•774
.770
726
.702
.682
.662
.649
.653
.647
.648
.648
.640
.763
.77<i
•774
.784
• 793
• 797
.808
.817
■833
.849
.901
. 901
•903
.goi
.909
.904
.909
.918
•930
•943
I. 023
1.028
1.031
'■033
1.025
1.025
1.024
1.017
1. 019
1.023
I. 313
I. GOO
1.003
.990
.981
.964
•959
•9.56
.925
.912
.710
.727
■693
.6S7
.657
.662
.636
.619
.615
•599
.4S6
•485
•490
•4^7
■493
■494
■ 503
•S'S
.528
•543
•503
•503
.486
■ % ^
•5'S
■ 522
• 530
•53'
•533
•549
.476
.465
.471
■473
■ 483
■ 485
.486
• 498
• 500
.502
• 630
■ 632
.645
■657
.658
.661
.£68
.671
•673
.674
. 620
. 609
■594
■ 580
. 566
•549
.54'
■535
.S'4
•505
.462
•463
■473
■472
■473
.476
.476
■ 483
.476
.479
.517
•S34
■553
■555
•541
•539
• 543
•543
■ 558
.561
. 69G
. 696
. 700
.705
•7'5
■7'7
.710
.710
.710
.712
.714
.712
.717
.711
. 706
• 699
.692
.691
. 692
.687
•778
.78.
■77C>
■775
• 778
.776
■ 770
.772
.769
.761
.767
■755
■740
.728
.7'8
.70.
.687
.674
. 662
.652
.S<->7
.567
■ 5.5S
.564
• 557
.548
■ 539
•539
■ 538
.536
•577
■ 586
.587
■ 58«
.584
.se's
■ ssf-
■558
.548
•55'
.492
■ 49'
.486
.481
•479
.466
•457
•452
•4.59
.425
.268
. 238
.224
.227
■ '93
. 206
• 1S5
.181
.178
• '79
■329
.347
■37'
■ 378
•413
■ 433
.446
.470
■483
• 507
.778
.781
.7S0
■793
.790
■ 783
.7S1
■783
.775
• 778
. 720
■ 7229
.706
.689
.681
.660
.640
.623
.608
•590
•573
. 7206
■7193
.7186
•7>54
■7"4
•7074
■ 7063
.7045
■ 7049
54^95
54- 90
54^85
54^ 85
54^75
54^f'5
54.55
54^52
54.48
54- 50
■ lljr constant -f -ov-
'.Mercurial barometer No. 999.
k
W.
THE LAUY FllANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
125
JULY, 1882.
Taiile XVI 1, — Atmospheric prcsstite {rediiccil lo sca\ jfiify, 1882.
n 1 Gravity
jcorruclinn.
Washing
(111 iiicaii
iiiic. Reduce In lu
cal mean
ime by at
ding 49"!
1
30 0.074
Itarunictcr nbuvv tliu sea, 24,:
feel L7.38 Ul' ters]
31 0-077
11
--. 29.000
+ v = + 8l°44'
X :^ - 04° 45
' = -41.
19'"
3 !>• '"•
4 [). m.
5 P- •"■
0 p. m.
V i>. m.
8 p. m.
9 1). Ul.
10 ji. in.
1 1 1). m.
Midn't.
I>ady
means.
Max.
Min.
<aiige.
c
if
Q
•957
•964
.961
.967
•959
. 965
. 968
■973
•975
.981
• 9670
.981
•956
.025
6.. 15
I
1. 091
1.076
1.087
1.093
I. 102
I. loS
I. 109
I. 109
1. 114
1.I14
1.0602
I. 114
.992
. 122
6.3.51
2
«->73
I. 182
1. 191
I. 196
I. 201
I. 207
I. 211
I. 207
I. 202
I. 189 '
1. 1665
1.211
I. 117
.094
66.20
3
r.070
1.060
1.040
1.034
1.027
I. 019
1.007
• 999
• 992 • 979
1.0929
I 192
•9/9
.213
64^35
4
.899
. 906
.902
.890
.877
.875
.862
•859
• 853 ■ 847
. 91 10
.970
.847
•>23
59^ 73
5
.787
.790
.808
.808
.812
.802
.806
•795
.804
.S06
.8087
.845
.783
.062
57^ '4
6
.780
• 791
.778
.781
• 787
.780
•779
•774
•772
• 7; >
.7860
.810
.765
• 04S
56.5s
7
.655
.661
.669
. 666
.680
.685
. 692
.701
.708
•7'S
.6871
. 760
.640
. 120
54.04
8
.863
.870
.S87
.892
.892
.909
. 900
.910
.898
.905
• 8':-
.910
.728
.182
57.64
9
•955
•963
.988
«, oo.->
I. 006
1.005
I. on
1. 018
1.016
1.016
• 9456
1.018
•895
• '23
60.61
10
I.02.5
1.027
^o34
-■ jJ
1.042
'•043
'•037
1.038
1.036
1.030
1.0277
1.043
1.014
.029
62. 69
II
.902
.890
.8S0
•873
.862
.8C4
.841
.S15
■ 789
• 769
• 9272
1.027
• 769
.258
fio. 13
12
•593
.58.
•570
•556
•55^
.538
•523
.508
.496
.476
• 6232
.758
•476
.2S2
52.41
'3
•55«
.56S
■584
.592
•594
■58S
.582
•572
■558
•549
• 5274
•594
.469
.125
49^ 97
14
■559
■569
■571
57'
■ 5f-4
• 559
• 546
•5.?7
■521
•509
• 5320
•57«
.4S6
.085
50. 10
>S
.510
•5'3
.526
■529
■532
• 540
■545
•555
■559
•559
.5067
•559
•465
.094
49^ 47
16
.680
• 679
• 693
683
.680
.680
.677
.666
. 660
■ t'53
.6541
■ 693
.569
.124
53^ 20
'7
• 493
■ 475
.468
.468
• 458
.450
■44S
•443
.441
■443
•53'9
.648
•44'
.207
So. 'o
18
.481 ; .480
•478
.484
•49'
■493
•493
•49'
•489
■493
.4760
•493
■447
.046
48.67
19
• 573 • •593
•584
.598
.606
.6.7
.616
.625
■637
■644
.5658
.644
.502
.142
50.96
20
• 7'4i •7'8
. 722
•7'7
.711
.712
•7"
.7'6
. 706
. 706
.7028
.722
•653
. 069
54-45
21
.712 : .689
.694
■694
.699
.708
■7'7
.724
■727
■742
.7082
• 742
.687
, ^055
54-57
22
.761
. 766
• 764
•773
.765
•767
■769
■777
■772
•777
•77 '4
.781
•757
.024
56.17
23
.644
.642
. 640
.638
■633
.620
.610
. 600
.590
.589
.6834
.780
•589
.?9i
53-94
24
• 542
.546
• 545
•548
■545
• 543
•545
•555
•551
.560
•5540
.582
.536
.046
50. 66
'5
.546
• 542
• 540
•539
•533
•53'
•5?i
.5 '8
.508
•50s
•5528
.588
• 5ori
.083
50.64
2^
.420
.416
.411
■403
.401
.38'
.368
.361
■349
•34'
• 4379
•499
• 341
.158
47-7'
27
. 180 i . 190
. 190
. 189
. 190
•'95
. 202
.214
.219
. 226
.2198
•323
.178
.145
42.17
28
•535 ^561
■579
.605
. 619
. 640
•657
.6S0
.708
.721
.4825
.721
.241
.480
48^83
29
• 779 • 782
.780
•776
.768
.764
.762
•753
•748
■ 747
•7705
•793
.726
.067
56. 14
30
. 568 . 556
■553
•543
•530
•5'5
•5'2
•503
■504
.496
.6118
•748
•496
.252
52^13
31
.7098
.7112
■7>35
• 7 '44
•7'35
.7129
• 7105
7094
. 7061"
• 7051
■7136
■778
■647
■'3^
54.62
54^65
54.72
54-72
5472
54^7°
54.62
54.60
j4.;S
54^50
54-72
56. 43
53^02
i-i3
54^ 7'
:! .
. I
i
;!!
126
k I
':■'' I
THE LADY TKANKLIN BAY EXPEUITJON.
AUGUST, 1882.
TaI!LK XVIll. — Almosphcrk pressure (reduced to sea)^ Au};iist, 1882.
Washingluii nicaii time. Ktiluce lo local mean lime by acliliny 49"'
liarometer'' alxjve llic sea 24.2 feel [7.38 meters].
//=: 29.OCX) 4- ^ = + Si° 44' >. = — 64° 45' = — 4'' I(>"'
Date.
1 .--
2 ...
3 —
4
5
6
7
8
9 -
10 ..
11 ..
12 ..
13
•4
»S
16
17
18.
19
20 .
21 .
22 ,
23
24 ..
as .-
26..
27 ..
28..
29 --
30
3« --■
Means .
Means in milli-
meters, 7<X3 -|-
• 490
. 670
.843
.964
.7S8
• S39
1.099
■7S9
.526
. 614
.657
.719
.806
.831
. 906
.845
.834
I. 015
. 710
•52'
. 702
.689
.719
. gco
.836
•779
.501
.676
•S43
• 957
■7S5
•«i7
I. 10;
•783
•5'2
.658
•655
. 726
.802
.836
.904
• 845
.840
1.023
.683
.508
.708
.685
.724
• 924 • 929
.869 I .873
1.065 1.070
1.002 1. 018
1.023 ''031
•903
•845
.796
H.
38
29
(ii«vity
correction.
0.070
0.072
. 8063, . 8077
57.06 57. II
3 a. m.
4 a. ni.
.492
.682
■499
.688
.848
.858
•953
.785
• 847
.948
.798
.862
I. 107
.765
I. 105
.764
.516
.651
.656
•509
.666
.658
•741
■797
•750
.800
.840
.849
•90s
.853
• 844
•90s
.856
.849
1. 019
1. 013
.666
.668
•532
.709
.689
.736
• 541
.708
.689
•75'
.929
•875
• 9.?o
.874
I. 071
1.074
1.023
1.023
1-034
'•035
• 903
.847
.784
.882 i
.776
5 a. Ml.
.501
. 706
.866
•943
• 813
.867
I. 100
. 760
.501 !
.682
•65s
•758 i
.805
.S51
.909
.858
•855
•645
.548
.707
.694
•758
•935
•874
1.079
I- 033
1.029
.876
• 863
.768
.8096
57.16
. 8124 I .8142
57-21 57^26
0 a. m.
• 502
.709
.880
•9.i8
.813
.876
1.099
•756
•507
. 700
•654
•753
.810
.865
.911
• 859
.862
•997
•6.W
•5('3
.'710
•705
.769
•934
877
»-J73
••034
••038
.864
.867
. 760
.8169
57.34
7 a. in.
•5"5
.709
•893
-927
.818
.8S0
1.0S8
•75'
•505
. 700
.652
.769
.816
.870
.915
.865
.872
• 984
.626
.564
.698
.704
.768
•9.W
.880
1.079
1.029
1.030
• 854
.870
•753
-521
.719
.898
.9>')
.818
.8<w
1.06S
•734
• 498
. 700
.f>S3
•772
.815
•879
.901
.858
•873
.971
.617
•573
. 701
.707
•779
•8.55
.874
• 740
8 a. in. 9 a.m. loa. in. iia.ni
• 529
. 726
•905
. 900
.824
•903
1.059
• 7'S
.4S6
. 706
.656
.767
.801
.883
.898
• 865
. 886
.967
.615
.598
-703
. 712
.780
• 936 I - 934
.881 - .8S0
1.075 1.071
1 . 024 1 . 026
1.025 I-OI5
. 81691 . 8149
57. 34 57. 29
.827
.870
•722
•8138
57.26
•529
.722
•903
.899
.819
•9>S
1.045
.707
•473
.698
.651
•770
•799
.884
.899
•859
•894
•947
•598
.611
. 691
. 716
•790
•923
.884
1.062
1. 021
1.009
.811
. 876
•7'7
• 542
.728
.909
.886
.816
•925
I 033
.694
.466
.691
.648
.769
•795
.882
.889
•853
•897
•939
•563
.619
.677
•713
•797
911
902
061
016
1. 001
•795
.880
•715
8104; .8068
57.16
57^ 09
Noon.
•SSS
•733
.922
• 883
.821
•940
I. 008
.677
■A(>i
.682
. 640
.770
.792
.886
.880
.851
.918
. 912
•576
. 620
.662
•713
.802
.901
.914
1.048
1. 013
•993
.791
.891
.709
.8054
57.04
I p. in.
. 566
•739
.924
.872
.821
•953
. 000
.665
•459
.684
.648
.768
•795
.892
• 879
-857
.919
. 902
• 559
• 643
.661
• 703
.813
.899
.924
.046
.019
.986
• 784
.888
.698
2 p. m.
• 572
• 753
•936
.866
.821
.970
• 977
.656
• 463
. 690
.653
.770
.789
.897
.880
.849
•929
.881
.556
.648
.674
.707
.821
.894
.941
1.034
1. 014
.981
.786
.891
. 700
.8054
57.04
.8064
57.06
•By constant -j- 030.
''Mercurial barometer No. 339.
^hi
TUE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
127
B.
(iravity
correction.
3«
0.074
0.077
AUGUST, 1882.
Table XVIII. — Atmospheric pressure {reduced to sea), August, 1882.
Washington mean tiniu. Ucducu tu lucal nicun time by adding 49">
liaroniclcr abuvc the sea 24.2 feci [y.jS intteis],
//= 29.CKX) -|- ^i = -f 81° 44' A = — 64° 45' — — 4I' ly>n
s
il-
3 p. "1.
4 11. ni.
5 p. Ml.
6 [). m.
7 p. ni.
S |>. ni.
9 i>. m.
10 p. ni.
II p. ni.
Miiln't.
Daily
means.
.Max.
Min.
Range.
j^ •-"
.591
• 597
.606
. 624
•637
• 645
■655
.C55
■ (>(>i
.676
• 5f>93
. 676
•490
.186
51.04
I
.760
.7(10
.778
.786
•799
• 803
.81,1
.820
.S19
.827
• 7469
.827
. 670
.'57
55- S(>
2
.950
•953
. 960
.90S
.969
.970
• <)(><J
.968
• 965
. 962
.9192
.970
•843
.127
59. 93
3
.854
.844
.843
.834
• 825
.8i8
■ 813
•797
• 792
• 784
•8775
.964
• 784
. 180
58. 88
4
.827
.827
• 823
.S27
.826
.826
. 829
.820
•837
•835
.8174
.837
•785
.052
57.34
s
.986
1.006
1.024
1.039
1.048
1.070
1 . 069
1.078
1 . 092
1.0S5
.9588
1.092
•8,57
•255
60.95
6
.965
■954
.926
•913
• 893
•879
•855
•834
.S25
.S08
. 9S92
1.107
.808
• 299
61.71
7
.647
• 630
.628
.006
.5S8
■577
•575
.550
•549
•534
.0711
.789
•534
•255
53. 63
8
.482
• 47«
.486
• 494
•504
•5»3
.529
.528
•559
•585
.5018
.5S5
.459
.126
49.34
9
.(190
. ()l>2
• <'93
. (1S9
.689
.087
.('73
.662
.660
.068
• 6794
. 706
.614
.092
53^83
10
.646
• 652
. 064
.672
.670
.688
. 696
■693
.702
.711
. 6638
•7"
.640
.071
53.45
11
.J6t
•774
• 779
.784
.792
•/y3
• 795
•798
.Soi
.800
.7702
.801
:7i9
.0S2
56. 14
12
•79'
.789
•795
.804
.815
.818
.813
.827
.824
.820
. 8049
.827
• 789
.038
57-04
'3
•903
.900
.920
•924
.919
.911
.904
.909
. 910
.910
. 8856
.924
.831
.093
59^09
14
.874
.870
. 866
•859
■857
.850
.844
• 839
.848
.85'
.8808
.915
• 839
.076
58. 97
IS
.852
.848
.844
.846
•843
• 844
.842
•■838
•S34
• 832
. 8498
. 865
• 832
•033
58. 18
16
.947
.960
.965
.982
•993
1.003
1.003
1.003
1.018
1. 018
• 9235
1. 018
• 834
.184
60.05
'7
.869
.856
• S37
• 825
.802
•777
.762
•749
•730
.716
.8955
1.023
.716
■307
59^34
18
.548
•536
• 5>7
• 520
.512
• 514
• S'3
.505
.518
•531
.5806
.710
• 505
• 205
5>3S
«9
.642
•657
. 670
. 669
• 675
.679
.695
. 690
.692
.692
.6188
.695
.508
.187
52.31 }20
.'')74
.670
.679
.675
.679
.688
.682
.686
.691
.686
. 6884
.710
.661
.049
54^06 1 21
.711
.712
.721
.719
.719
.718
.721
.721
.716
.721
.7085
.721
.685
.036
54-57
22
.832
.842
.855
.865
.876
.882
• 894
.899
.911
.922
.8160
.922
.719
.203
57- 3«
23
.892
.891
.887
.S87
.884
.885
. 835
.887
, .884
.883
.9076
•939
.883
.056
59^ f'5
24
.964
.985
1.005
1.024
1^050
1.050
1 . 064
1.075
1.070
1.074
• 9506
I- 075
.869
. 206
60. 75
25
1.023
!.oo6
• 999
• 993
.986
.986
• 984
.986
•997
•994
1. 0359
1.079
.984
.095
62.90
26
1. 014
1.023
I. 018
I. 021
1. 021
1. 017
1.022
I. 019
1.019
1.025
1.0206
"•034
1.002
•032
62.52
27
.978
.960
.964
.952
.952
•943
.929
.921
.909
.904
.9851
1.038
.904
•>34
61.61
28
• 784
.787
.792
•792
.802
.805
.802
.811
.818
• 830
'. 8264
•903
.784
.119
57-56
29
.886
• 8S5
.882
.868
.864
.856
.840
• 836
.821
.811
.8627
.891
.811
.080
58-51
30
.692
• 683
.683
• 675
.665
• 658
• 652
.640
.837
• 631
.7105
•799
.631
.168
54.62
31
.8078
.8073
.8100
.8108
.8114
.8116
.8104
.8081
• 8103
.8105
.8102
.876
.741
•«3S
57-11
57.09
57.16
57. »9
57-19
57.21
57.16
57- • I
57. '6
57.16
57. 16
58.83
55^ 41
3-43
57-17
m
<■ I Ifl ■ !
!'i:.ri!!i!;
Mi
128
TUE LAUY rUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
SEPTEMBER, 1883.
Tadi.e XIX. — Atmospheric pressure (rcditccd to sea),* September, i88a.
Wasliingtuii mean liine. Kuiliicc to local mean time by aililing 49™
liaromcteri' above the sea, 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
yy=29.ooo+ V'=-f-8i°44' X = — 04° 45' = — 4'" 19'n
(Jravlly
correctiim.
0.070
o.o7»
Date.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 .
11 .
12 .
•3 .
14
IS
16.
17 ■
iS.
'9-
20 .
21 .
22 .
23 -
24 -
25 -
26 .
27 .
28 .
29
30 -
Mean.s
Means in milli-
meters, 7004
.611
•579
•59°
■5"
.650
.672
.630
.804
■934
I. 126
I. 171
. Sy2
.876
•799
•794
.885
1.083
I. 171
. 966
•535
. 292
•438
.468
•509
•547
.652
.5'8
.605
.581
• 595
•509
•655
• <'59
•635
.817
.948
I. 127
I. 169
.880
■875
•799
• 805
.891
1.092
I. 172
.971
.518
. 292
•438
•457
•5>3
.561
. 642
•5'5
. 700 , . 706
•933 I ^953
.841 . 824
•7393
55- 36
.7401
55-38
3 a. m
•598
•578
. 607
.514
. 6()0
• f'35
•643
.827
. 960
«• 143
I. 167
.882
.876
•7'H
.808
.908
I. 105
1.179
•978
•491
.2S5
•448
•456
.526
•571
.628
•533
.717
.968
.810
4 n. ni.
•585
•575
.611
.516
.676
. 627
.647
.829
.972
I. 141
I. 167
•875
■ 879
.798
.818
•923
1. 116
1. 178
.978
•47'
.285
•448
•448
•527
.598
■ f'23
•533
.722
.982
•792
5 a. m.
•587
. 566
. 607
■527
.688
. 604
.653
.840
•983
I. 140
I. 162
.872
.872
.800
. 829
•932
••179
.968
•45'
.285
.456
•449
•527
.611
.616
•541
. 722
•999
•785
.581
.562
. 614
.526
• '-gs
• 584
.07s
.842
■ 994
1. 140
'• '45
.871
.874
. 805
• 833
■95'
1. 142
I. 179
■953
•434
.281
•470
•443
•5'9
.611
. 601
•546
.728
I. 006
.770
7 a. n, I 8 a. m. 9 a. m
•7432
55^46
55^51
rijr constant -f •ojo.
■7447, •7461, .7458
55.53
55^53
■571
.615
■525
. 701
•569
.082
.847
1. 001
I. 145
1. 129
• 863
.880
.802
.826
. 962
I. 146
I. 169
•937
•438
. 276
•463
•450
.521
.626
•59'
.552
•732
1.022
• 759
• 7450
•572
•545
.613
.528
•7"
• Sfe
.686
.844
I. 014
I. 145
I. "5
.866
.867
. 800
.822
.964
I. 148
I. lUI
•937
.427
•273
•463
.446
•52«
.636
•577
•550
•743
1.026
•742
.566
• 544
.0'5
•530
• 723
• 5.W
.698
.846
1.027
1.150
1.098
.864
• 874
•795
• S23
.968
I. 142
I. 152
. 916
. 406
. 276
.462
■ 444
•S'5
• <^'37
. 560
■ 553
• 749
1.028
•725
• 7434! • 7408
55. 5' i55'46 55.41
10 a. III.
1 1 a. m.
Noon.
1 p. m.
2 p. m.
■ 567
■1(^1
•570
■570
•573
• 535
•534
•524
■ 528
.529
.606
.598
•595
.588
• 579
• 533
• 53'
•538
■550
.561
.724
• 725
.729
■734
•734
.521
.5'8
•5'4
■527
•530
.699
.704
.709
.718
■72s
.850
• 845
• 856
.860
.863
"•035
1.058
1.054
i.oOi
1.074
1. 150
I. 152
'■'S3
!■ '53
• ■'58
1.094
1.070
1. 061
1.038
1.02S
.860
• 853
• 854
.856
.856
.867
■ 857
.857
.851
.852
.790
•794
.788
.782
.782
.817
• 813
.807
.801
.808
•97'
.970
.970
•974
■989
I. 156
I- 'S3
I. 156
I. 156
I. 168
I. 140
I. 12S
1. 109
I. 100
1.087
.S98
.856
• 830
.822
■793
• 393
•385
•372
•358
■ 346
•273
.278
.281
.294
■304
•45'
•453
•455
■463
•46s
• 445
• 446
.442
■444
• 452
•5'3
•5'2
.507
.511
■507
• 652
.667
• 673
.682
•693
• 548
•53t'
■532
•509
.507
•555
•556
■555
•556
■564
•755
.765
■775
.789
■793
1. 031
1. 031
1.030
I. 019
1. 012
•7'3
. 702
.694
.681
.684
■738'
• 7346
■7330
.7325
•7339
55^ 33
55^ 26
55^ 21
55.18
55^23
' Mercurial barometer No. 319.
{■ I
TUJiJ LADY FKANKiilN BAY EXPEDITION.
129
n.
(;ravily
ccirrucliiin.
30
3'
n."74
0.077
SEPTEMUER, 1882.
Taim.k XIX. — Atmospheric pressure {ndiiced to sea), Sfpteinher, 1882.
Washinyton mean time, deduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Barometer al)ove the sea, 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//=29.ooo+ <^ = -\-%\° iA' A — — 64" 45' = — 4'' 19'"
3 1'- "'•
4 p. m.
5 P^ !"•
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. ni.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
Daily means in
;«/«., 700 -j-
•574
•574
•577
• S80
• 595
•595
.587
.583
• 583
•579
.5812
.611
. S66 '
•045
S«-3S
I
•5J7
•540
• 545
.560
•5<i5
•57°
■570
•585
•587
•59'
•5575
•591
•S-4
.067
SO. 76
2
•575
.S66
.5'''i
•55'''
•55'
.542
•532
•5^4
■SM
•S'4
• 577S
..IS
.51.1
. lOI
51.26
3
•:72
•5S4
• 594
.606
.608
. 620
.632
■i>lZ
•f'35
•63/
• 5<''33
•f>37
•509
. I 28
50.89
4
.736
•74'
•74'
li^
• 732
.728
.719
•705
.692
.674
.7084
•74'
.650
.091
54^ 57
S
•531
•542
•54'
•559
.570
•574
.590
•590
.613
.614
• 5743
.672
.514
.I5S
51. 16
6
•730
•738
•74'
•755
.768
.769
•777
.792
•794
•794
.715'
.794
.630
. 164
54-75
7
.874
.878
.878
• 883
.891
•897
.904
.910
•9'3
.919
. 8632
• 9'9
.804
•"5
58^ SI
8
1.082
1.090
I. 100
I. lOI
I. 104
I. 104
1. 1 1 1
I. 127
I. 121
I. 122
1.0482
I. I!7
•934
•'93
6;. 20
9
1. 163
I. 167
I. 159
I. .67
'•'73
'•'73
I. 169
'•'74
I. 168
I. 16S
1. 1543
1. r,4
I. 126
.048
65.90
lO
1.022
1.005
. 9S6
•977
.96.
• 959
•945
•932
.914
. 906
1 . 0509
I. 171
, 906
.265
63.29
II
.868
.S78
■S79
.882
.885
. SS4
.877
•879
•883
.S76
•8723
.8)2
•853
■039
58-73
12
.S46
.849
.850
.844
.S37
•834
• 830
.828
.808
.808
•8538
.880
.808
.072
58.28
«3
.792
.Soo
•791
• 7</>
• 79*"
•797
•795
•799
•789
.795
•7949
.80s
.782
.023
56. 78
'4
.814
.824
.836
.S40
.846
•854
.862
.863
.87 1
.865
.8283
.871
•794
.077
57.61
'5
1.004
I. 016
1 . 036
1.044
1. 041
'•053
1.057
1.058
1.062
1.071
.9875
1 .071
.885
. 186
61.68
16
I. 163
I. 168
I. 176
1. 176
I. 171
I. 171
I. 171
I. 166
1. 163
I. 161
I. 1492
I. i76
1.083
•093
65-77
'7
l.oSo
1.072
1. 061
'•055
1. 051
1.029
1. 014
1.009
•994
• 977
I. 10:9
1.179
•977
.202
64. 58
18
•754
•743
•723
.697
•673
.644
. 620
• 597
.576
•553
.8076
.978
•553
•425
57-"
'9
•343
•332
■li^
.326
• 3'6
.306
.306
- 306
.298
.299
• 3830
•535
.298
•237
46. 32
20
•323
•341
■356
•377
.380
.404
. 420
-425
•430
.436
.3278
• 436
.273
•■<'>3
44.91
21
■4(53
.464
• 463
.468
.466
•455
.462
.469
.468
• 474
•4S94
•474
.438
■ 036
48.2s
22
.465
.469
•477
•477
•477
.48S
•493
.494
•504
• 504
.4641
.504
• 442
.062
48.37
23
•S>5
•5'7
• S'S
• 528
• 533
■ 536
• 528
•532
•539
.548
.5218
•548
•507
.041
49.84
24
•703
•713
•715
•715
•7"
•705
.698
- 693
.678
. 664
.6567
•7'S
•547
. 168
53^ 28
25
.507
•497
•507
•515
•5'5
.502
•493
•493
.500
• 505
• 5482
• 652
■493
• '59
50.50
26
•571
.586
•595
.605
.607
. 620
. 640
•653
.662
.682
•5770
.682
•5'S
.167
51-24
27
.807
.S17
.838
.848
.861
.881
.887
.897
•9'3
.917
• 7942
.917
.700
.217
5<''- 75
28
1.006
I. 000
•99'
• 975
•97'
•943
•923
. 906
.865
.861
• 9784
1. 031
.861
.170
61. 42
29
.681
.677
.679
.682
.681
.689
.697
. 700
.705
.727
• 7267
.841
.677
. 164
55^05
30
•7367
• 739f'
.74.7
.7442
•7445
•7442
■7436
• 7441
.7414
•74'4
• 7409
.808
.672
.136
1
1
55- 3>
55^ 38
55^ -U
55^48
55-48
55-48
55^ -48
55^48
55^41
55-4'
55-4'
57.11
53^ 65
3^45
55^40
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 9
130
TDE LADY FKANKIJN BAY EXPEDITION.
OCTOBER, 1883.
TABi.ii: XX. — AUiwsphcric pressure (reduced to sea)^ October, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time liy adding 49'"
Unrometer'' above tlie sea, 24.2 feet [7.38 meters] .
//=:29.ooo+ 0 = -|-8i° 44' A=— 64° 45' = — 4'> ig""
Dale
8 ..
9 ••
10 ..
11 -.
12 ..
'i ---
«4 --
15
16
>7
18
'9
20
21
22 ,
23
24
25
26.
27
28 .
29.
30.
3' -
■735
. 760
.60^
.616
.7>8
.918
.871
.827
.830
.421
.634
■505
.607
. f'38
.637
• S39
1.087
■^.968
1.077
1.263
• •053
•773
•959
'•155
I. 179
I. 261
I. 310
I. 252
I. 129
1.023
• •043
Means I .8961
Means in milli-
meters, 700 I 59. 34
•9S3
I. 092
I. 256
••037
•765
.980
I. 171
I. 190
I. 251
:.3io
1.247
1-138
I. 025
1.045
(•riivity
inrrci-tion.
o 070
0.07a
•74«
.748
.696
.613
•735
911
.891
.818
.810
.418
.650
•5"
.610
.650
•643
.858
1.092
3 a. m.
•763
• 750
.687
.614
•759
. 912
.907
• 823
.802
.402
.649
.511
.610
.660
. 6f.8
.870
1. lOI
•944
1, 107
1. '•56
1. 021
•7S4
•994
I. 167
'•'97
1-253
I. 312
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
•775
•743
.694
,621
•763
. 912
. 922
•835
.788
395
.674
.524
.618
.res
• 045
.891
1. 108
.940
1. 112
1. 240
1. 012
•7f>3
1.020
'■ '73
I. 205
I. 252
'•324
I. 23(1
1. \\:
1.027
1.043
8985
59-39
.9019
59.50
237
I. 136
1.028
1.047
•9053
59^ 58
•792
•735
.687
. 619
• 789
.905
•930
.851
.765
■3/2
.683
.524
• 615
.669
.654
.904
I. Ill
■930
I. 122
I- '93
.996
.781
1 . 036
I. 164
I. 214
1.257
I •330
1.232
'■'39
1. 013
1. 051
•9?5J
59.58
6 a. m.
.807
•73'
■673
.r.,4
■ 79''
. 906
.929
.S49
750
. 561
.683
•529
.625
.672
■657
■923
I. Ill
.927
I. 132
I. 207
.9S8
■784
1.054
'•'75
I. 218
'■255
I. 327
I. 140
I. 007
I. 051
. 9060
i9.6j
7 a. m.
.800
. 722
.666
.615
.805
.896
•934
.S63
.742
374
.6S5
•533
. 622
.679
.641
.942
I. no
•924
1134
I. 197
■983
.789
1.062
I. 174
I. 226
1.244
'•333
8 a. m.
810
.711
.647
• ('•'3
.824
.887
•932
.891
• 735
.361
.663
• 547
■ 634
.674
• 652
•947
M'S
. 922
I. 152
I. 181
.980
.807
1.064
' '75
1.223
I. 242
••334
1.224 1. 221
I. 137 I. 138
• 9' 19 . '*93
1.034 1.034
.9065
59. 60
.9067
59. 63
9 a. m.
.814
.708
.647
. 609
.8.-5
. 869
•931
.909
. 700
.362
■654
•549
•639
.664
•653
.948
I. 116
.91?.
I. 160
I. 151
•9f'3
.805
1 . 069
I. 172
'■234
1.244
1.340
1.20S
■ 983
1.025
■9033
59^ 53
.816
.707
.61 J
.827
.S62
-93'
.915
.686
-387
- <m
•564
. 640
. 6^9
•645
-958
I. 117
.918
1, 169
I. 132
•95'
.807
1.089
'■'73
'•233
1.242
1.329
I. 197
I. 127
. 98 1
I. 007
. 90' I
50.48
.816
•705
.621
.611
•833
• 845
. 920
•9.?9
. 678
.388
. 624
.568
.654
. 670
■653
. 9()6
I. 113
. 922
I. iSi
I. Ill
■933
.811
1.08s
I. 178
I. 240
I. 241
I 324
I. iSS
I. 12!
.985
I. 01 I
. 901 1
59^ 48
Ndoii.
.S15
• 705
.60s
. 624
.836
.82S
•9'5
■932
•653
.406
• 615
.580
.644
.658
.658
.968
I. 113
•924
I. 185
1 . 09S
.921
.818
1.099
1.16;',
I 249
I '47
' 3'7
'•'73
I. IO<)
■9S3
1. 001
I |>. m.
.822
.708
. 609
.626
•853
• 813
•923
•93'
•637
•439
.603
.582
.647
. 658
.666
.976
I. 103
■932
I. I'd
1.091
.905
.826
I. loi
I. 171
1^258
1.244
'•3'3
I. 171
I. 106
.988
•995
. 8o''2 . 8999
59^39 I 59' 45
: p. m.
.829
•723
.613
. 629
.862
.805
. 910
•934
•595
.462
• 592
• 580
• 637
•f'.|3
. 678
•993
1.092
• 948
1 . 2 1 9
1.088
.898
. 841
I. 114
I^l65
I. 265
I. 251
I 303
I. 166
I. 105
.990
1.003
. 901 1
59.48
• By constant -j- .030.
' Mercurial No. 219.
* ,100 subtracted Irom original reading, which was in error per Geek's aneroid.
(■<rnvi(v
correction.
0.074
0,077
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
0CT015ER, 1882.
Taiilk XX. — Atmpsphnic picssuir (redtictil L> sci), Oclolh-r, 1882
Wasliiinjton mean time. Ueilucc to local mean time l)y acMiiin 49'"
Ilaromcter aliovo the sea, 24,2 feet [7.38 meters].
//= 29.000 4- ^=-f 81° 44' ^ — — 64°45' ::_4l' I9">
131
J p.m.
4 p. m.
5 !'■ '"•
6 J), m.
7 p. m,
,818
S p. m.
9 p. m,
-7'»5
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Mi.ln't.
Daily
means.
Ma.x.
Min,
Rantje.
Daily means in
.829
.827
.828
.S23
. 809
-7-84
-774
.768
.8000
,829
•735
,094
56-91
1
• 7.!°
•725
•730
,740
,748
-735
-725
•723
-7'5
,704
•7263
, 7()0
,704
,056
55.02
2
.617
• ••35
,658
, 640
. 640
.6?S
, 629
.624
9
,618
• 6444
, 696
-605
,091
52,94
3
.f>.i5
.644
.648
-f'S3
,662
. 665
-675
-677
. jS8
,702
• 6369
.702
, 6o()
-093
52-77
4
.S76
.888
,8S8
,897
, 901
•903
,911
.914
.909
,911
, 8426
,914
,718
, 196
:>;•-
5
. 7.S.S
■77'
.7f'5
. 762
- 7"S
- 763
•783
.808
.829
-847
•8396
,918
, 762
• 15"
57^ 92
6
.907
, 900
. 902
-903
, 889
-879
,862
,847
-844
-833
,9005
-934
•833
. 101
59-45
7
•92J
•932
• 933
,912
• 903
.901
-S94
,871
,8f>o
, 846
,8872
•939
.818
. 121
59-12
8
■ 57J
,564
•557
,504
-497
• 496
-473
.466
-45'
•454
•6,li6
,8io
-45'
- 379
52.69
9
.464
■ 487
.518
-542
•54S
•567
• 579
•594
,611
,622
.4616
, 622
,361
, 261
48.32
10
• 577
.570
.560
.54f'
•544
- 533
.5 '8
•509
,510
•50.3
, 6005
-6S5
-503
. 1.S2
5'. 83
II
.587
• 597
.598
.616
.628
,618
,613
.617
• 603
-598
• 5703
,028
,505
- '23
51.06
12
.645
■ <'>49
,644
•6.33
,627
.619
, 624
.'■.12
,618
-625
, 6291
-654
,607
•"47
52. 56
•3
.649
. <'i56
. 6()0
.662
•657
-653
•653
• 653
,6^8
■638
-657'
- 679
, 6 ;8
,041
53-28
14
. 6.S8
, 706
•723
•734
,748
,762
•774
-776
•783
,8.4
.6941
, 814
•637
-'77
54-21
'5
1.004
1,012
I,02S
"-0.54
1,045
1,066
1,065
1.079
1,076
1 . 0S5
■ 9785
1.0S5
- 839
,246
61.42
16
I. 091
1,099
I.008
•-0S5
1,043
1-037
1,025
1. 001
,988
-977
1. 07S0
I. 117
-977
,140
63,96
'7
• ofi?
• 973
.996
I. 002
1. 015
1.023
1.032
1.0.H
1,05s
I. 067
. 96S5
1 . 067
,918
-'49
61, 17
18
'• 233
I, 24S
1,266
1,280
1,282
I, 276
I. 2.S0
I, 276
1,274
1.272
1, 1971
1.2S2
1,077
,205
66. 99
'9
I.oiH
I , O1S9
i,oS7
1 , 093
1 , 098
l,o<)4
1.099
1, 090
1,076
1.065
'- «.i95
1.263
1 . 0(15
, 198
65, 54
20
.87S
, S70
, .S58
-855
-832
,820
.800
,798
-795
-777
- 9 '35
'•053
-777
,276
59- '^o
21
.850
, S62
.879
,888
,896
,921
.924
-933
-934
-948
, S400
- 948
•754
- '94
57- 92
2'*
I. 124
I, 126
1,128
I. 123
"• '.33
I. l.?6
I. 144
1,147
1, 147
I. 144
1.0.866
I. 147
• 959
, 1S8
64, 20
23
I. 164
I. 1(19
I, 161
I, K.I
I. 165
I, 166
!■ "73
1,171
I- >59
I. 177
I. Milil
.. .78
1,155
-023
66. 25
24
1.277
l,2Kf>
1-293
1,204
1, 297
1,293
1-293
1-2S3
1-275
1. 2<il
I. 24<i3
1-297
1. 179
.llS
68,31
25
1,257
1,261
1 , 263
'• 273
>-275
1.283
1.2S7
I, 291
I. 296
'-.W
I. 2615
' ■ 307
1.241
,066
68, 64
26
1,300
••303
1,304
1,298
1,287
1 , 2.S6
1.272
I. 270
I. 264
I, 200
1. 3065
1.340
1. 260
, 080
69,76
27
1,151
I. 155
I. 149
I, 144
I, 140
I- ',i9
i-'39
1- '.M
I. 132
•- '37
'-'833
1.252
I. 132
, 120
66, 64
28
1 , 096
1,097
1,085
1,079
1,072
1 . 069
1.059
1,045
i.ojS
1031
I, 1029
1. 142
1.031
,111
64,61
29
I. 001
I, 009
1.028
1-035
1,042
1.042
1-055
1,052
1,052
1,044
I. 0160
'•055
.981
■074
62, 39
30
1,01 5
•997
-994
• 993
, 9S6
•972
•957
-955
,942
,928
I. 0053
1. 051
.928
- '23
62, 12
3>
.9027
, 9064
. 9090
, 90S8
.9091
- 9087
. 906.S
, 9046
,9019
, 9020
.9038
-974
-831
- '43
59-53
59, 60
59.68
59-67
59.68
59- 67
59-63
59- 58
59- 50
59^ 50
59- 55
61,32
57-70
3-63
59- 54
132
TEE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
] )atc.
NOVEMBER, 1882.
*
Table XXI. — Almoaphi'nc pressure (t-ednitii to sni),^ Notrmhfr, 1882.
VVatiliingldii ineaii lime. Reduce tci li>cr.l mean time by mlilinj; 49'"
Harometcr'" al)()ve tlie sea, 24.2 feet [7.38 meters],
//— 29.000+ ,^= + 81° 44' X = - 64° 45' = - 4"' 19"'
a. m. 2 a. m.
. 922
•745
. 672
■797
.907
•983
7 — -; '•054
8 ! I. 016
9 -— '-342
•o. ' 1.394
II 1.058
12 ..
•3 -
14 -.
«S -
16 ..
17 .-
18 ..
19..
20 ...
.653
.301
• 303
. 224
■558
.685
.728
.854
.956
.914
.748
•673
.812
•9'3
■98s
LOSS
1. 010
1-358
'•387
I 035
•'■>33
. 291
•309
. 225
.564
.683
•747
.865
. 961
21 ..._• 1.080 1.087
22
23
24
25
26
I
I. 270
'•35'
1. 400
>235
1.440
27 ..
28 _.
29 ._
30--
1.320
1. 104
1.256
1.063
Means.. -9557
Meaii.sinmilli-
inclcrs,7oo I- 60. 87
I. 291
'•353
1.403
■•239
1452
I. 312
I. 116
1.265
1.056
•9581
60.92
3 a. m.
.910
•750
.671
.820
.911
.990
4 a. m.
. 619
. 270
•317
•213
.564
.680
•753
•873
.966
1.097
1.304
I
I
I
I
356
404
232
468
1.288
I. 129
'•275
1.036
.896
•747
.684
• 836
.915
•993
1.070 ' I. 076
I. on I. 018
1. 371 1.385
1. 371 I 1.360
1,028 1. 018
. 609
• 249
• 324
.214
• 570
,669
,-t68
,884
•973
I. 102
1. 316
1.366
1. 411
"•233
1.472
I. 281
I. 129
1.300
'•033
. 9582 . 9610
60. 92 ; 61. 00
5 a, m.
.884
.911
.996
1.076
I. 018
I. 401
I 336
I. 005
• 595
.268
•339
. 190
•576
.656
•771
.890
•974
I. no
3'7
378
404
232
492
() a. III.
.880
,747 I . 7.to
.686 ; . 691
, 834 . 854
•913
.996
1.078
1. 021
I I. 401
I '•SSS
•987
I
• 5''>2
.256
•343
. 186
•577
•657
.771
. 902
.980
I. 122
'•324
"•385
'•395
I. 236
1.502
'•235
I. 130
I. 272
1. 129
I. 310 j I. 301
1.039 '-035
.9612 .9595
61. 00 60. 97
7 a. 111.
.867
•742
.696
.862
.916
.996
1.086
I. 016
I. 419
I. 301
,969
• 548
.280
•35'
, 164
• 577
• 658
.780
. 902
• 978
'•325
'•383
1.386
1.228
1.505
8 a. m.
•844
,729
,687
.866
,920
•997
9 n. III.
.839
•725
• <>93
. 869
. 920
•995
1.079 1.082
1.033 ! '•"54
1.432 1.436
I. 289 I 1.278
• 95' -93°
• 543
. 262
•349
.163
, 600
,648
,780
,904
,984
I, 130
335
379
378
238
506
239 '•23'
139 1 '• '44
I.
I.
I. 302 I I. 300
1. 016 i 1.033
.528
•249
• 346
• 203
, 600
.647
• 775
.911
• 989
'•'34
'•333
1.362
'•375
1 . 23*)
1.504
I. 210
'• '55
I. 302
1.043
9584! •9578J .9574
60. 92 60. 92 :6o. 90
1 1 a. Ill,
• 832
, 720
, 690
.876
,914
•998
1.082
1 . 064
1.442
1.248
•9'S
•5"
,266
•334
, 209
,618
•653
• 777
,907
1.005
1. 136
'•335
'•372
'•354
'•239
'•497
I. 198
'•'55
1.298
1.028
810 : . 804
. 710
.684
.866
,921
•995
I. 082
1.082
1.447
I. 227
.889
•503
.252
• 326
. 229
•643
.650
•792
.904
I. on
I. 140
'•3.3o
1,382
1,348
1. 240
1,495
I. 187
i. 160
1,280
' 033
• 9558
60.87
•9539
60,82
, 70S
.686
.876
•9'5
•997
1.075
I. 108
1.448
1 . 206
.870
•494
. 260
. 246
.648
,649
,788
,906
1.009
1,144
'• 336
'■379
'•.546
I, 242
1.490
I. 172
I. 166
I. 266
1.030
II.
3.;
<iravl*y
correction.
0.070
0.07 J
Noon. I I ji. III.
•793
.708
.688
.883
•924
•99'
1.076
i'3«
1.448
I. 191
.860
,481
.252
,320
.276
.659
•643
,788
,911
1,023
I, 152
'•333
'•378
'•344
I. 264
1.492
I. 156
I. 168
I. 263
1.036
.9531
60.80
•9544
60.82
2 \i. III.
•79'
,698
, 700
,885
,924
I. 006
'•073
'•'55
'•454
I. 165
.841
• 469
•255
• 3'5
• 295
.668
. 642
.790
• 9'S
1.015
I. 159
'•34'
1.382
'•330
1.277
1.486
I. 146
1.171
1.248
1.039
• 9545
60.82
■ By constant +.030,
''Mercurial barometer No. 939.
I !
TULJ LADY rUANKLlN BAY EXI'EUITIUN.
133
(iravliy
correction.
0.074
0.077
NOVEMBER, i88j.
Table XXI Atmospheric pressure {reduced to sea), November, i88a.
Wnaliingtiiii mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"'
llnrumetcr above the sea, 24.2 feet [7.38 mttcrs].
//=■ 29.000 4- ^ = -f8l»44' A = — 64° 45' = - 4"> 19™
It
3pni.
4 p.m.
5P m.
6 p.m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m,
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Dad)'
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
Daily meai
mm.,^oc
5
.784
■779
•775
.778
.765
.7C>4
•756
.74C'
.742
■747
.8176
.922
.742
. 180
57^ 36
1
■ 695
.700
.689
.682
.680
.673
.665
.662
•'■'53
•653
.7070
• 750
•653
.097
54^55
2
. 706
.722
•725
.728
.729
•744
.750
■ 759
■ 775
■7«3
. 7092
.783
.671
. 112
54.60
3
.8S1
.895
.891
.891
.888
.890
.891
.8<^
.892
.894
. 86S3
• 89s
•797
.o<)8
58.63
4
• 9.5.5
• 945
•945
■947
•950
•949
•955
•954
■ 965
•975
.9.509
• 975
.907
.068
60. 24
s
1. 00 J
1. 010
1.007
1. 014
1. 016
1.024
1.030
'.032
1.039
1.041
1.0056
1.041
■983
.058
62. 14
0
1.074
1.068
1. 061
1. 060
1.062
1. 051
1.052
'■034
1.02.J
1.027
1. 0651
1.086
1.027
.059
63. 64
I
1.17S
I. 189
I. 20S
' ■ 239
1.248
1 . 260
1.278
I. 302
1.312
I. 320
'■ '363
1.320
1.010
•310
65.44
1.45(1
'•454
'•454
1.458
1.450
1.446
'■434
1.428
'•4'S
1 . 406
1.4244
'.458
'•342
. u6
72.7s
9
1. 14.S
'•'35
I. 128
I. 121
I. Ill
I. 114
1.098
i.o<)5
1.082
1.076
I. 2161
1-394
1.076
.318
f'7- 47
10
.827
.816
.802
■771
.756
• 740
.722
. 700
.684
.667
.8684
1.058
.667
■39'
58.63
"
• 4f>.5
• 457
■444
.439
.417
.411
.384
.36.
.338
•3"
■ 4905
■ 653
•3"
■342
49' 03
12
.254
•255
.249
.260
.268
.272
.277
.291
•293
•293
.2676
.301
.249
.052
43.39
'3
.291
.286
.263
.259
•25'
. 240
• 239
.242
.229
• 232
• 2974
•35'
.229
, 122
44 >3
'4
•33<
• 367
.410
•437
.466
• 497
.5'6
•523
•530
•552
■ 3 '94
• 552
.163
• ,^^9
44.69
'5
.674
.683
.685
. 700
•695
. 690
.690
.689
.684
• <iy7
• 6379
.700
•558
.142
52.79
16
• f>37
.627
•645
.648
.644
.669
.684
.69'
7"
•7'3
,6620
• 713
.627
.086
53^40
'7
.7S8
•795
• 80s
.807
.808
.806
.817
.828
.84'
• 844
•789s
H44
.728
.116
56.65
18
.918
.922
•936
•944
•95'
• 95"
.946
• 947
.950
•954
.9144
• 954
■ 854
. 100
59.80
'9
1.023
1.036
1.052
1.054
1. 061
1.068
1.060
1.070
1. 071
1.071
1. 0163
1.071
.956
"5
62.39
20
I. 168
1. 1K9
1.205
I. 204
I. 213
I. 221
1233
I. 241
1.248
1.254
I. 1621
1.254
1.080
• '74
66. 10
21
1.346
'•347
'•349
'•349
'•352
'•352
1.346
'■338
'■345
'•342
'■33'S
'•352
1.270
.082
70.42
22
••378
'• 399
1.396
'•393
'•392
1.398
'• .W3
1.389
1.396
1.401
'.3809
1. 401
i-35«
.050
71.67
23
1.316
'•3'7
'3"
1.304
1.293
1.285
1.277
1.266
'•259
1.252
'■3399
1.411
1.252
• '59
70. O2
24
1.288
1.309
1.316
'•34'
'•35'
^■i^^7>
'•378
'■39'
1.403
'•423
1.2889
'•423
1.228
•'95
69.33
25
'•477
1.472
'•453
1. 441
1.420
1.403
1.388
'•375
'■35f'
'•344
1. 4554
1.506
1-344
.162
73.55
26
I. 146
'•134
1. 129
I. 119
1. 112
I. 106
I. lOI
1.094
1.091
1.099
1. 1824
1.320
1. 091
.229
66.61
27
I. 184
I. 198
I. 203
1 . 206
I. 206
1.217
I. 226
I. 227
I 234
1.249
1.1727
1.249
1. 104 1 . 145
66.38
28
1.230
I. 217
1.204
I. 182
1. 170
'•'37
I. 132
1. 115
1.090
1.076
1.2300
I. 310
1.076 1 . 234
67.83
29
1. 041
1.062
1 . 060
1.054
'■057
1.049
1.064
I. 069
1.070
1.061
1. 0461
1.070
1.016 .054
63«S
30
.9546
60. 85
■9595
60.97
. 9600
60.97
.9610
1 61. 00
•9594
60.9s
.9600
60.97
• 9594
60.95
•9583
60.92
.9576
60.92
•9S8«
60.9s
> .9578
60.92
'•037
62.93
.879 .158
58.91 4.01
60.91
m
\ t
U
134
2
3
4 --.
5
1}
7 -.
S
9
lo
Ik
12
I.l
14
IS
III
• 7
IS
f) ■-
20
21
22
2,? -
24
25
20
27
2S
i9
3°
3«
Means
Means in milli-
meters, 700 j~
THE LAOY FIJANKLIN IlAV KXPEDITION
DF.CKMIiKK, i88».
Table XXII. — Atmosp/nni- prtssun- {reduced to seii)* Dectmber^ 1881.
Wonliiii^tuM mean time. Reduce tu lucal mean time liy uddinij 49"i
llarunieler'' aliovo the sen, 24.3 feel [7.38 meters].
//=:a9.ooo+ ^ = + 81" 44' A= — 64" 45' -= — 4'' 19"
It.
•s
•9
(iravlly
currectlon.
OOJO
o.o;t
I a. in.
1.066
• y''i4
.966
1.199
"•233
.863
1. 012
.972
'•234
'•35S
1.448
••553
••57('
'•343
1.346
1.447
I3«7
•843
. 614
.654
I. 118
1.174
I. 226
I. 212
1.034
.978
1.1S8
I. 169
.874
.867
I . oSo
1. 1266 I, 1302
1.069
.967
■ 9<'7
1.214
I. 219
.863
1.005
• 9f>7
I. 246
1351
1-443
1.564
"•572
"•352
I 343
1.456
1-305
.822
.6j6
.659
I. 142
I. 170
1. 246
I. 206
I. 060
.9S7
I. 191
I. 162
.883
.865
i. 104
3 a. m.
«-o73
.967
.971
1.228
I. 214
.876
I. 007
•974
I. 270
I-.348
1.465
1.568
••573
I- 352
■•339
1.463
I
276
800
634
669
•55
1.167
1. 267
1. 190
1.049
.9S7
1.18s
I. 146
.886
.856
I. 122
4 a. m.
1.070
.972
•977
"•243
1. 200
.863
1.004
• 994
I 283
'•359
1.470
1.572
1.576
'•345
'•.?3'
1 . 466
1.257
.781
.646
.684
I. 171
1. 169
1.2S1
1. 190
1.038
.989
I. 192
1. 129
.897
•«39
1. 141
65.21
1315 1. 1332
'is- 29 165. 34 |6S- 37
5 a. ni.
1.074
. 961
•993
1. 2(10
I. 184
.891
6 a.m.
7 a. ni.
1.078 , 1.066
- 995
l.OII
I. 290
'•357
1.460
I. 581
1.582
'•.H7
'•323
'•479
1.231
•774
. (164
-693
1.189
I. 163
'•303
I. 182
1.028
I. on
1. 192
I. 116
■ 903
.832
'■'57
I- ^i<'l
65-44
-958
.989
1.268
'■'53
•«93
.982
1.013
I. jiH
'■355
1.472
1.582
"•577
'•353
'•332
1.482
I. 215
-74'
• <>S4
.710
1.188
1. Mf)
I. 31 1
1.179
1.015
1.028
I. 197
1. 112
.908
.822
'•'75
.946
1. 002
1. 270
'• ',15
.891
• 973
1 . 03 1
I. 301
I.34S
1.496
I. <;7')
'-559
1-332
'■483
I. 194
.714
.668
-732
I. 197
I. 146
'■3'3
1.168
.988
1.044
8 a. m.
1.052
. 960
I. 004
1.268
1. 100
.917
•977
1.039
1.299
"•35<i
1.472
'•571
'•555
1.322
1.481
I. 165
. 701
.674
.750
I. 207
'• ^IS
'•324
1. 16;
.986
'•053
1. 200 I. 195
1 . 0S4 ! 1 . 063
. 921
.821
1. 174
'• '349
65.42
-'325
65- 34
-923
.821
I. 197
1. 1310
65^32
>r a. ni.
10 a. m.
1.049
1.042
-955
•95'
1.022
1.018
1.271
1.274
1 . 064
1.048
.941
•9<>S
.985
1.005
1.048
1 . 063
'■3"5
1. 310
■ 335
'•.M2
l.4(>9
1.474
1.582
'•573
1.540
1.526
1.324
1.309
1-337
'.328
1.485
1.483
'.'38
I. 119
. 092
.664
.667
.667
-759
.780
1. 206
1.202
1. 126
1.125
1.326
'•3,?5
'•'S3
I. 141
•977
.966
1.075
1.091
1. 216
1.214
'•043
1.031
-945
• 95'
.824
.829
1. 205
1.222
'.'3"
1.1306
65- 32
65-32
.N'ljoli.
1.031 1.027
.948
l.02t
1.282
1.020
. 966
1.012
1.070
'•304
'•.i4'
1.4S2
'•5'^<
1.511
1.320
'•332
1.483
1. 107
,66;
.684
.7')8
1.208
I. 122
I. 326
1. 141
.956
I. IIS
I. 225
1.009
.956
-838
1. 225
1. 13'5
6S-34
• 939
I. 01(1
'•275
i.004
.968
1,014
1.072
I. ;I2
'•3.38
'•493
I |i. ni. ; 2 |i. ni.
1 . 03 1
.950
1.043
1. 016
•952
I.0II4
I. 278 I I, 283
.982
.966
1.018
I.0S5
1. 312
'■3.i8
1 . 4S0
1.576 1.578
1 . 4S9 I 1 . 464
1.324 I 1.298
'-323
1.470
I '323
■ '^478
1.088
• 655
. (184
.S18
1.208
1.114
'•336
1. 144
■965
1. 142
1-232
• 990
. 961
-838
I- 243
1.076
-643
.678
.841
1. 199
.960
• 993
1.019
1.093
'-.W
'•353
'•475
'-57S
1.458
1.283
1.320
1. 471
1.063
. 6?o
.677
.862
I. 201
I. 106 I. 105
'•.335 '-33'
I. 141 I I. 130
-95' ! -95°
I. 163 I. i(i8
1.248
.966
. 962
.856
I. 252
1. 1309 I. 13031
65. 32 65. 29
.248
-944
.967
.871
.268
1. 1302
05.29
' By constADt -f.030.
* Mercurial barometer No. ng.
1
..:■»
1
i
n ! (irnvlly
.TO I
3<
o.o»4
0.077
TllK LAUV I'UANKIilN UAV KXl'liUlTlON.
DKCKMHK.R, i88i.
Taiii.k. XXII. — Atmosp/uric />nssnrf (nJuceii to seii)y Decfmhii, iS8j.
\Va.sliiii(;ton mean time. Rviluce tu local mean time by a(!dini; 49'"
nnromcter, atmvc tlic hca, 24.2 feet [7.38 meleni].
//^J9.ooo-|- f r :-|-8i'>44' X— — 64''45' — — 4* ig"'
135
i l). 111.
4 p. 111.
5 !'• "1.
6 |i. 111.
7 |v. m.
8 |). m.
9 p. m.
top. m.
11 p. III.
Mi.ln't.
1 >aily
I1ICIU18.
Max.
Mill.
1
tj 1
• 977
•975
.966
1.0271
"^
a
1
1
1.009
1.009
• 999
■ 999
•994
•993
.985
1.078
.966
. 112
62.67
• 950
• 944
•954
•947
•947
•949
•953
• 956
• 953
.950
1.189
•9539
•972 1
• 939
■033
60.82
2
I.O«)
1.077
l.o<^S
1. 113
1. 121
1.127
1.141
t. 161
1. 169
'•0555
1. 189 !
. 966
.223
63. 41
3
I.2.SS
1.294
1.292
1.288
1.2H9
1.278
1. 271
1.268
1.256
'• 243
1.2657
1 • 294
1. 199
.095
6M.74
4
.942
.9'2
.898
.88;
.876
•893
.885
.860
.862
.854
1.0159
"•233
.854
•379
62. 39
5
1. 00s
1.030
'•033
"•053
1.048
1.048
1.039
1.031
1.036
1.025
. 9668
'•053
• 863
.190
61.15
6
1. 016
1. 022
1. 014
1. 005
.988
•974
. 960
.966
.966
• 9*^5
•995'
1.022
. 960
.062
61.86
7
1.099
I. 127
'• 139
1..56
1. 105
1. 176
'.185
I. 203
1. 219
1.220
1.0884
1. 220
• 967
•253
64. 22
8
I.3II
I. 316
I. 316
1.312
'•3.?5
1.320
'■330
'•327
'•.U4
'•.3.i8
'•3044
■ •.3.38
1234
.104
69.71
9
'•.IS'
'353
••.?57
'• .?<i3
t.382
I..?8i
1.404
1.409
1.403
1.436
^■i^il
1.4.36
'•,3.55
. 101
71.21
10
1.4.S9
1.491
1.5.5
1.518
••"529
1.518
'•53'
'536
'■547
'•553
1.4928
'•553
'■443
. no
74^ 5'
11
1.58'
1.586
1.580
1.57O
1.571
1579
1.584
1.588
1.587
1.581
\. 5770
1. 588
'•553
• 0.55
76.64
12
'•453
'•433
1.409
1.403
1.386
'•.385
'•375
1.362
'•3-»'.i
'•35'
'•4777
1.582
'• .549
■ 233
74. 12
'3
'•.W
'•332
'•.!44
'■352
■•358
1. )66
'•360
'•364
1. \<<c
'•35°
'•3373
1. }t)6
'•283
■ 083
7o^55
'4
'• },A},
'•.544
'•.353
i..i58
'•373
'•.?77
1.398
1.408
'•4*5
1.428
1.3516
1.428
1. 320
.108
70^ 93
'S
1.474
1.472
'•457
1.450
1.438
1.410
1. 400
1.3S8
1 361
'•343
1.4508
1.485
'•343
.142
73^ 45
16
1.066
1 .043
1.031
1.019
.989
.966
•944
.914
.891
. 8*^0
1.0950
'•3'7
.866
■ 45'
64.40
'7
.622
.623
. 610
. 602
•595
• 594
.590
.590
• 597
.6o(.
• fi730
.843
.590
■253
53. 68
18
.678
.674
. 670
.675
. 670
.Olxj
.649
.644
.652
.640
66.08
.684
.614
.070
53.38
"9
.883
.916
•938
.969
• 996
1. 020
i.o;8
'•057
•.3^8
I. lO'J
.8502
1. 100
.654
■ 446
58.18
20
1. 199
1.207
1.199
1. 198
1. 190
..187
1.189
1. 184
'• «73
1.184
1. 1875
1.208
1.118
.090
66. 76
2.
I. 113
I. 114
1.117
1. 121
1. 130
1. 138
'•'5'
1.167
1.185
1.210
I. 1422
I. 210
I. 105
• 105
65^59
22
'•329
'■327
'•319
'•3'4
^■}Pl
1.287
1.274
1. 269
I 253
1.226
1.2984
'•336
I. 226
. no
69. 55
23
I. 132
'• 1.55
1.115
I. 109
1. 102
1.085
1.087
1.0S2
1.076
1.048
1.1380
1. 212
1.048
. 164
65 49
24
.966
.951
•963
•9f>S
• 965
.965
.961
• 959
. 962
.971
.9830
1 . 060
.950
. no
61.56
25
'•'93
1.208
1.223
I. 213
1.210
1.200
1. 198
1. 196
1.198
1. 192
1. 1192
1.223
■978
•245
65.01
26
I. 250
1.249
1.247
1.247
1.242
1-234
1.226
'.213
1. 190
'•'73
1. 2164
1. 250
'•'73
.077
67. 47
27
.928
. 906
.886
.871
•857
.852
.858
•859
• 874
.875
.9888
1. .69
.852
•3'7
61.71
28
.970
• 972
.971
•972
.968
•95'
•944
•937
.919
.889
• 9.346
• 972
.874
.098
60.34
29
.887
• 89s
•934
•947
.976
• 995
1.015
1.040
1.050
! 1.068
• 8994
1.068
.821
• 247
59.42
30
1.285
I. 303
'•3'9
1.326
'•331
'•350
1.366
'•37'
1.388
! 1.386
1.249s
1.388
1.080
■ 308
68.34
3>
'•'352
'• '375
I. 1386
!• 1394
1. 1395
'•'375
1.1387
'• ^T,"^},
1.1380
1. 1365
1.1341
1.222
1.049
•173
65.42
65.49
65.52
65.54
65.54
65.49
65^52
65.49
65.49
65^44
1
65^ 39
^67. 62
63^ 23
4^39
65.40
Ml-
; r
I
I
i 1
13G
Dale.
4 --
5 -
6 ..
7 --
9
lo
II
12
'4
•5
i6 ._
17 --
i8 .,
19 --
20 ..
21 .
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
3°
3'
Means .
Mcansinniilli'
meters, 700 +
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JANUARY, 1883.
Tahlf. XXIII. — Atmospheric pressure {reduced to ua)^ yaituary, 18S3.
Washington mean time. Uciliice to local mean time liy adding 49'"
liaronieler'' above the sea, 24.2 feel [7.38 meters].
//=29.ooo4- p^-|-8i°44' A ^ — 64° 45' -—41' 19"'
I a. m.
2 a.m.
3 a. m.
«-399
1. 411
1. 417
1.211
^'93
I. 185
1. 199
I. 219
-•231
I. 136
I.I2S
1. 1...S
.642
.644
■639
.672
• 675
.686
•S43
•533
.522
.662
.677
.696
. 912
.929
.952
I. 203
"•233
«• -.'•■5
1. 262
'•?59
1. 251
1.089
1.074
1. 066
.996
•993
.985
.879
.881
•873
.699
•713
.726
•932
•943
.968
1.029
1.026
1. 016
•959
.967
.968
•S43
.838
•836
•935
•957
.971
I. 312
"•3>5
••327
1.087
1 . 066
1.038
•59X
• 5S0
•553
•349
•35>
•345
.154
. 146
•'44
.225
•239
.261
• 5^9
• S14
•523
.618
.614
.623
.811
.827
•837
1.060
1.070
1.086
1.231
'•233
1.242
.8760
• Of 00
.8816
58. S3
58.91
58.99
4 a. m.
1. 412
I. 172
I. 246
1.098
.627
.686
•5'5
.719
.965
1 . 267
1.254
1.063
.987
.87.
• 73"^
•:"3
1.023
.980
.828
.990
i^345
I. 018
•527
, ■ "44
.284
•542
.627
. 840
1.093
1. 246
.8341
59.04
5 a. m.
'•399
I. 168
I. 260
I. 071
.61S
.6S4
•484
•732
•985
I. 272
I. 261
1.059
.976
.862
•750
.991
1.021
■975
.823
1.004
'•337
•983
•497
.321
. 142
.298
•552
•631
•853
I. 108
1.251
6 a. m. 7 a. m
.8828
59.02
'•4'7
!• '63
I. 271
1.039
.606
.670
• 472
•739
•994
1.282
1. 264
1.051
.976
.854
.768
I. 005
1.016
.968
.811
1.024
'•4'5
1. 156
1.286
1.011
.601
.674
.470
■749
■995
1.283
1. 262
1.047
•977
.849
•775
1.016
1.006
.962
.805
1.041
'•343 '345
•955
.464
.306
. 140
•3'5
•556
■<'39
. S62
1. 114
1. 252
.909
.446
•297
• 130
.329
•557
.641
.S62
1. 123
1.247
.8818
58.99
8 a. m.
1.407
I. 14}
1. 295
•973
•583
. 667
•475
•750
1.005
1. 296
1.263
1.042
•97'
.842
•779
1.026
1.001
.967
.Soi
1 . 062
•■ 347
.881
.422
.287
.'38
•353
. 560
. 640
•87s
'• '34
1. 242
9 a. m.
1. 401
I. 12;
1.298
•95'
•575
.662
• 4''9
. 71)6
1.015
1.300
1.258
1.032
•977
•834
•783
1.024
•995
.961
•784
1.083
'•34S
.861
•399
. 269
'37
• 3^-3
• 5f"
.648
• 879
'•'35
1.238
. 8S001
■ 87S3 .8751
58.94 58.88 58.81
I
ID a. m.
11 a. m.
Noon.
'• 393
'•387
'•379
I. loS
1 . 092
1.0S4
1.301
'•307
1. 291
. 926
.886
.860
.566
•5f>5
•556
.672
.671
• 658
•47'^
.487
•498
.786
■ 795
.801
1.023
1.028
1.045
1.311
1.311
'•3'5
'•257
1.252
I 239
1.029
1.017
1.009
•975
• 967
• 95f'
• 831
.S19
.806
•793
•797
.808
1.031
'•035
1.040
.996
• 993
.988
•949
•938
•932
.7S0
.770
•755
1.103
1. 129
1. 142
'•35'
1.342
'•330
•839
.824
.80S
• 38'
•3f'7
•344
•253
.230
.217
.132
. 122
•'3'
.380
•392
.411
• 564
•570
•572
•639
• 637
•645
.889
.901
.914
1. 136
1.144
1.151
1.227
1.221
1.210
8742
.8708
.8676
58.78
58.7'
58.63
1 i>. m.
'■ 372
1. 090
1. 295
. 822
.560
.651
•S'7
.820
1.055
'■ 233
1.008
•957
.80?
.808
1.043
.981
. 922
.756
'•'5'
'•3'7
.786
• 328
. 202
•'3'
• 434
.582
•653
•925
i-'57
1 . 203
'•356
1.096
I. 292
.811
•585
. 646
.528
• 8 jo
1. 061
1.311
1. 224
.992
.950
•798
■.816
1.052
• 983
.908
•742
1. 172
'•315
.767
• 336
..85
• '34
•444
.586
. 672
•938
1. 171
1. 196
. 8669 . 8676
58.61 58.63
■ Hy constant -f .030.
'■Mercurial barometer No. 329.
TOK LADY TKANKLIN BAY KXPEDITION.
JANUARY, 1883.
Table XXIII. — A tmosplirrh- pressure {reduced to sea), yanuary, 1883.
Washington mean time. Ueiluce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Rnnmieter above the sea, 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
// 29.000 -f (/I - -j- 81° 44' X = — 64° 45' r: — 4!' 19"'
137
d
'i +
,? !'• "'•
4 p. m.
5 p. m.
(> p. ni.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. Ml.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Ran^e.
38
71.06
1. 263
•234
1. 3573
1.417
.183
I
i-.?58
'•345
'•339
'•327
'•3'4
I. ;oo
1.288
1.242
'■2.54
I. 102
I. 126
I. 136
...5<
'• '53
'■'55
1. 168
'•'73
1.177
1. 180
1. 1460
I. 211
1.084
■ "27
65. 69
2
I. 290
1.280
1.272
I. 270
1.249
1.230
1. 209
I. i<)5
I. 166
1. 148
1.2542
'■307
1. ..t8
■ '59
68.44
3
.819
.7S<'>
.729
.720
•7'3
.704
• ''99
. 6S9
. 668
.656
■ 8738
1. 136
.656
.480
58.78
4
• 598
.630
.650
. 656
.657
. 656
.672
.674
.669
•f'73
. 6209
.674
■55(i
. 118
52. 36
5
.645
.649
.647
■ '■'39
.622
. 619
.6oi
■595
•570
•555
. (h(>s
.686
■555
•'3'
52.99
6
■548
.567
■574
.587
•59°
■ 597
.617
.625
.631
• ('35
.5401
■(>.\5
■ 4''9
. 1116
50.30
7
.842
.850
. 307
• 874
.876
.885
■ 894
.S91
.8<)8
• 903
. 8042
■903
. 662
.241
57.01
8
1.083
1.099
I. 113
1. 124
I. 127
'■'45
1. 165
I. 179
1. 11)6
1. 20J
'.058.5
1. 204
.912
.292
63.46
9
i.3«'
'•3'7
1. 306
I., ,'12
1.294
1. 282
1. 279
1.277
1.265
1.263
'■2853
'■317
1. 203
. 114
69. 29
10
I. 219
I. 217
I. 198
1. 185
'• '73
1. 160
I. 140
1. 132
1. 117
I. lOl
1. 2162
1 . 264
1. 101
■ "'3
67.47
II
.986
• 990
.990
. 986
■ 984
.987
■ 994
■ 997
■ 99 ?
•993
1. 0199
1.089
■984
. 105
62. 49
12
•949
•947
.942
.920
.913
■ 909
.897
.902
.895
• 883
. <)5oo
■ 99('
■ 883
■ "3
60.72
'3
•795
•775
.766
.758
■744
.724
.714
. 706
. ('99
•703
■ 7994
.881
■ f'99
. 182
56.88
'4
.834
.84S
.854
.852
.874
. S89
•905
.904
.9'3
•923
.8142
•923
• ('99
.224
57. 26
'5
1.058
1.067
1.074
1.074
1. 071
l.ofiS
1.061
1.061
1.050
1.055
1.0299
1.074
•932
. 142
62. 75
16
.983
• 978
.978
• 978
.981
.970
.970
.972
.970
. 961
• 9923
1.029
. 961
.06S
61.78
'7
■ 893
.889
.880
• 874
.869
.8O4
.868
•857
.861
.854
.9194
.980
•854
. 126
59^ 93
18
.768
.781
.806
.828
.845
•859
■879
.908
. 901
■905
.Si,S8
.908
•742
. 166
57^39
'9
I. 191
I. 212
1.228
'.250
'■253
1.274
1.277
1.283
'■295
'■304
I. 1388
1.304
■935
■ 3'''9
65.52
20
1.297
1.279
I.2f9
1.249
^■■^il
I. 213
I. 176
'.'57
'■ '.«
1. 100
1.2826
'•35'
I. 100
■251
69. 18
21
• 763
.762
■75"
.740
.726
.705
. 688
. 670
. 640
.623
. 82S7
1.0S7
• ''23
■ 4''4
57^ f'4
22
• 340
• ^ii
. !26
.320
■li^
•343
• 350
■ 3';'
•35'
■ 347
.4015
■ 598
.320
.278
46.80
23
. 182
• 183
. "182
■ '75
. 170
. 166
. 162
..52
•«54
• '5'
■2344
■35'
■ '5'
. 200
42. 5 i
24
• '49
•152
.166
.165
.170
• '72
.184
■'94
. 202
.208
.1536
. 208
.122
.086
40.50
25
•45'
.4''>o
■475
■ 47S
■477
• 485
.4S7
■ 489
.491
•503
■ 39'''8
•503
.225
.27S
46.67
26
.006
.605
.612
■597
. 607
.613
. 6o()
. ()o6
. 605
■ <"5
■ 5758
■ "'5
■ 5"9
. 10(1
51.21
27
.6S9
•703
.721
.722
■738
■75^'
.770
.78.
.792
.801
■('^.U
.801
.6.4
..87
53^ 94
28
• 957
■ 9<'9
■ 987
• 99''
1.003
1. 016
1.031
1.038
1.042
1.039
. 9288
1.042
.811
•231
60. 18
29
'•'77
I. 194
I. -OS
1. 204
1. 212
I. 204
1. 220
I. 219
1. 221
1.214
'■'5(^3
1. 221
1 . 060
. 161
f'5 9S
30
'•'97
I. 191
I. 187
I. 181
1. 165
I. 162
1.152
1. 141
'•'33
1. 120
1.2028
1.252
I. 120
.'32
(>7- '5
31
.8736
• 8759
.8784
. 8768
•875J
.8746
•8753
.8736
.8691
.8662
.8751
.967
•77'
•'95
58.78
58.83
58.88
58. 86
58.81
58. 78
58.81
58.78
58.66
58.58
.58. 81
61.15
5'^'7
495
58. 82
Ml"
,>■ I
if
138
Date.
I
2
3
4
25
2(>
27
28
6
7
S
lo
II
12 .
13
14
•5
l6 .
•7
i8 .
'9
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
FEBRUARY, 1883. x
Table aXIV. — Atmospheric pressure {t educed to sea),* FebnuDy^ 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Barometer'' above the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters]
//=29.ooo 0 = + 8i°44' /l = — 64° 45' - — 4I' igm
II.
Gr»vUy
coirectlon.
:!3
0.070
0.072
1. 113
'•053
.796
■ 587
•.W7
•569
.4S8
.80.?
.Ill
•43-'
.4c I
•5>j
..101
•3^4
•59?
. 82.J
.765
.440
.050
20 1(28.992)
21 . 299
22 ■ ^554
23 .824
24 687
I. 161
•963
.S89
. 619
I. 107
1. 021
.807
•5S<
.404
•54«
•549
•752
•"5
•437
•493
.510
.404
.360
.607
•834
•763
.429
.047
.004
• 3'o
•564
.819
. 701
I. 179
•949
.S79
•597
3 a. m.
I. Ill
•985
.815
•527
. 400
•543
• 544
.704
• "32
• 447
.496
.50S
. 410
• 3C'5
. 622
.841
•773
•403
.059
.016
•324
■579
.Sis
. 720
4 a. m.
I. loS
•95'
• 836
•535
.418
•529
• 5S6
.623
•J3«
•4S'>
•498
■5>4
.407
• 3f'8
. 640
.847
. 760
.407
.047
.029
■327
.603
.816
.756
I. 1S9 I. 190
.922 .915
.861 .85 1
• 5f^'9 ■ 563
Means ' . 5997
•5979
5957
Mtan.sinmilli
niclers, 700 -f 51.83
51^77
5'
72
.5968
S«^75
S a. m.
• '.5 J
. 921
.840
•532
.424
•5'i
• 586
• 132
.470
•504
•507
•.393
.362
.O47
•847
.767
• 384
.041
.038
•339
• 615
.810
•772
.198
.90S
,841
•530
•5959
51.72
I. 148
.883
.841
.542
.442
• 489
.661
.522
•'52
• 484
■S"4
•499
•392
.306
. 667
. S40
•758
■3f>5
.025
.056
-.347
.631
. S02
. 810
7 a. m.
I. 145
.851
•859
•557
• 444
•477
.697
.469
.159
•49"
■ 492
•503
• 380
•37'
. 686
• 836
.750
• 34f'
.019
.058
■349
•643
■793
.836
I. 194 I, 198
.895 j .888
.S28 I .802
. 506 . 490
■5945
51.67
•5925
51.62
S a. m.
I. 164
.814
.847
•538
•453
.464
•7'9
•449
. 191
■494
.486
.487
• 3f'2
.368
■703
.S4(>
■ 7 '3
•327
. 021
.064
■ 360
.656
• 792
. 870
I. 198
.879
• 793
•475
9 a.m. 10 a.m.
I. 16S
•793
.846
•529
.462
•445
• 733
•4'3
•215
.501
.481
•495
• 369
.362
•7'7
.836
.740
•3"4
.016
•073
•364
.676
.790
•894
I. 191
.8S4
. 780
■459
I. iSo
•771
.846
•521
•478
•4.?8
•7(>3
•372
• 249
•521
.470
. 486
•354
• 380
.729
• 838
•727 1
. 272 I
I. 181
.742
.846
•503
.482
•435
• 783
.348
. 267
•5«9
.470
• 483
■34<i
.382
■743
■ S25
.712
■234
■59 '9
51.62
. 5906
51.60
\^ia. 9901
.079
^^o• 994;
.092
•373
• 369
.686
.697
•777
• 763
.919
.942
'•'93
1. 178
■894
.885
.780
.772
•435
.4.8
.5902
• 5 86 1
S157
5I.47
-
Noon.
I. 1S7
. 722
.818
.488
■487
.405
.800
.322
.283
•521
.46S
.470
•350
•390
•75'
.822
.680
.209
.III
• 379
. 706
•749
■ •-yf'i
1. 171
.886
.769
.405
.5820
5'37
I. 201
■7"
.81S
■457
•5'4
.408
.810
.306
• j'4
■ 5"3
■484
.458
•342
.411
• 759
.822
.667
. 167
(28. 968)
. 122
.382
.711
•734
■975
M58
.889
•756
•389
2 p. m.
.5799
51.32
1 . 208
. 716
.S18
.458
•535
• 395
.828
.278
•3'9
• 5°'
.484
•455
•335
■433
.769
.816
•^34
•'35
(28.974)
•'52
• 39f'
•730
•723
I. 001
'■'37
.905
■755
■ .?7o
■ 5807
51.35
• By constant -f .030.
'' Mercurial barometer No. 339.
WO
THE LA13Y FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
139
Ij (iravily
■ ciirrcctidn.
0.07.)
FEBRUARY, 1883.
Table XXIV — Atmospheric pressure [iriiuced to sea), Fehniary, 1883.
Washington nifan time. Rciliicc to local mean time l)y aililiiij; 49'"
liarometcr above the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
// — 29.000 (>^-|-8l°44' ^ - — '54° 45' —4'' 19'"
S 1
3 p. '"■
4 p. m.
5 I'- '".
6 p. m.
7 p. ni.
8 ]). ni.
9 1). m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. ni.
Miiln't.
Daily
means.
Max'.
Min.
Range.:
I. 209
I. 217
I. 210
I. 212
1. 205
I. 203
I. 190
I. 161
•••34
1.098
1. 1664
1.217
I. 107
.110 66.20 I
.720
.729
.740
■750
■748
.750
•754
.770
•799
•787
.8117
•053
.711
• 3-12 57.21 2
.809
.801
•793
•778
.781
•754
•742
. 687
. 69S
.602
• 7949
.859
.602
• 257 SC^ 78 3
' -458
•447
• 45°
•432
.419
.419
.417
.417
.408
.409
•4834
•587
.408
.179 48. 86 4
. 5O0
.587
•598
. 629
• 623
.608
. 609
.591
.596
•564
.5117
. 629
•397
.232
49. 62 1 5
•,W4
• 3y>
• 384
• 382
■377
■ 3S6
• 393
.419
•439
.456
• 4449
•5'>9
•.i77
. 192 47. 89 6 1
.846
.853
.865
.882
.870
• 859
.870
.S76
•844
.818
•7574
.882
.488
• 394 55^ 82
7
.297
.279
.284
•255
■ 236
. 226
. 202
• "77
.164
.138
•383s
.802
.13S
• ("^'4 4f>^ 34
8
.366
• 389
• 378
.401
.405
.411
.417
•424
.410
•435
• 2836
•435
. Ill
• 324 43^ 80
9
.506
• 509
•497
.510
.508
•499
.500
.500
•4S7
•493
.4912
.521
• 436
. 0S5 49. 06
10
.490
.496
.496
■499
.501
.508
• S>6
.518
•524
.520
• 4')54
•524
.468
• '>5<>
49. 16
II
•453
• 445
•447
•435
■ 427
.420
.412
.415
.414
.414
• 4f>54
.514
.412
. 102
48.40 : 12 1
•342
• 345
•338
■344
■ 332
■342
•338
•348
•349
• 3f'9
• 3''22
. 410
•332
.07S
45^ 78
•3 1
■454
.471
.496
.506
■527
•543
•563
•573
•576
•576
•4403
• 576
.360
.216
47. 76
14
.778
• 785
•793
.796
.804
• 813
• 815
.816
.820
• 815
• 73f>4
.820
•599
. 221
55^28
'5
.820
.810
.803
.798
•709
■792
•7S7
.7S0
.778
.7(>o
.8169
• 847
. 760
. 0S7
57-34
16
.6.7
. 624
•578
■576
•554
•53'-'
•524
.496
•478
• 447
• 6533
•773
•447
■ h^^''
S3- 18
«7
. 112
. 107
.077
.091
.070
.097
.087
• 073
.074
.068
. 2200
.440
. oi.S
■.572
42.17
18
(28. 974)
(28.984)
(28. 988)
(28.990)
(28.985)
(28. 982)
(28. 972)
(28.980)
(28. 984)
(28.990)
.0029
•059
(28.968)
. 091
36.67
'9
.176
.199
.218
■235
.242
•249
.260
. 2()0
•275
.288
• 1370
.288
28. 992
. 296
40.07
20
■4"
. 420
.427
■434
.441
•453
.471
• 495
• 5><i
•536
• 39C>8
•536
.299
■ 237
46. 67
21
■740
• 749
. 760
.771
■779
•79'
.S02
.8u
.810
.819
• 703s
.819
■554
.265
54^ 47
22
.719
.710
.697
•693
.685
.677
. 669
.671
.678
.674
•7450
.824
.669
• '55
55^ 51
23
1.025
'•043
1.056
^o75
1.097
I. 109
I. 129
I. 147
I. 149
I. 155
•9513
••'55
.687
.468
60.75
24
I. 127
1. 121
1. 106
1.07S
1. 061
1.036
1.023
I. 012
.99S
• 9'>9
I. 1278
I. 198
.969
.229
65.23
25
.909
.918
.912
. 920
•913
•915
.911
•9J3
.907
•893
.9071
• 9^13
.879
.084
59^ 63
26
•754
•757
■757
•745
.725
•711
.707
.601
. 669
.644
•7715
.889
.644
.245
56. 19
27
.368
•371
•371
•372
.380
.408
.414
•458
.5885
.481
•505
• 45<>4
. 619
.368
•25'
48. 17
28
. 58f>9
•5913
.5900
•5925
■ 5891
• 5892
.5891
.5878
• 5801
• 5899
.707
•473
.234
5'-5o
5i.f)o
5^S7
51.62
5'^55
5>^55
5'^SS
5«52
5i^52
51.32
51^57
54^ 5';
48.60
1
5^94
5« 57
1,1 4
if; «
m
140
Date.
I
•529
3 1 I- 192
7 ....
8 ....
9 ....
10
II
12
'.i
•4
IS
16
17
18
«9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
•97S
'•542
1.492
I. 136
•755
1.388
1.424
.S99
1.093
.613
•444
. f)09
1.086
1 . 065
•774
1. I II
.S71
1 . 069
•39'
1.025
1-342
I. 250
1.468
••332
I. 127
I. 154
I. 141
1.138
MCLIIH. '•0351
iMuai s in inilli-|
iiK(er.s,7oo-)- 62. 88
TOE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
MARCH, 1883.
TAni.E XXV. — A, 'mnspherk pressure [rcdiicedto seii)*, March, i<S33.
Washington nuan time. Reduce to local mean time l>y adding 49"'
Baromeiv'r'' almvc tlie sea, 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//=29.00O-]- 0 ;:;--}- 81° 44' X ^-^ — 64° 4$' :^= — 4I' 19"'
Gravity
correction.
0.070
0.07a
■557
.654
I. 196
.984
1.569
1.490
I. 132
.725
1.398
I. 406
.866
1. 081
. 609
•41s
. 640
I. 108
3 a. m.
• 5S7
.675
I. 210
1.005
1 . ()03
1.469
1. 125
•730
1.402
1. 401
.828
1.078
. 604
•392
.666
I. 119
1.037 1.028
•778 ! -747
1 . 1 1 3 ; 1 . 099
.865 I .853
1.070 1.067
•385
I 064
1.257
••459
'•3"7
1. 130
I. 151
I. 149
I. 126
•392
1. 1 1 1
1.279
1. 267
1.451
1. 306
•• ^39
1.147
•■•55
1. 121
4 a. m.
. 607
.699
I. 222
1.026
••fMS
••434
I. 120
•763
1.416
• .3«9
.810
••OSS
. 629
■ 3<'8
.691
•■•35
1. 014
. 762
I. 103
• S38
1.068
.425
I. 152
1.248
I. 281
1.438
I. 292
'• 145
••'39
I. 164
I. 123
5 a. ni.
. 624
.718
I. 218
I. 046
1.654
1.404
I. 122
•795
••4-t4
I. ;SS
.784
1.025
.625
•35^
.714
I. 136
I. 006
.788
I. 103
• ■^}.i
1.063
•448
•• ^93
I. 221
1.288
I. 441
I. 272
• ••58
I. 144
I. 186
I. 1 1 1
6 ;i, m. 7 a. m.
.644
•743
I. 211
I. 061
I. 693
1.380
•■•43
.813
1 . 466
••374
.766
1.029
•<'>33
• 37"
• 733
1. 126
.976
.790
1. 104
• 839
I, 058
.491
1.228
I. 205
I. 296
••437
1.256
•159
I. 132
I. 191
I. 101
•''75
• 748
1.20S
1.074
I. 716
1.360
I. 1 28
. 78S
1.494
1 . 36J
•757
1. 019
. 628
• 384
• 750
I. io8
.946
• 79''>
1 . 094
.847
I. 048
8 a. m.
9 a. m. 10 a. ni. i 1 1 a. m.
•53°
I. 270
I. iS6
I. 316
••434
1 . 230
I. 171
I. 121
I. 201
1.0S7
.669
•778
I. 194
1.094
1.748
••342
.M3
1 . 508
1.340
• 73'''
1.007
. 629
• 389
■773
I. 104
.897
.821
1 . 090
• 863
1.032
•584
I. ?oo
1. 1 87
I.31S
1.422
1.208
I. 172
I. Ill
I. 200
1 . 076
.688
. S16
.170
. 118
■ 758
■ 279
1. 113
.878
I. 522
1.328
.729
.982
. 619
. 402
. 766
1.092
. 867
•833
• •073
. 865
1.006
. 616
• • 339
I. 172
••337
1.409
I. 195
I. 173
1 . 096
1 . 209
1.052
.686
.,..3
• ■•58
I. 140
•■7'^'3
1.249
I. 102
•932
••535
I. 312
.728
■ 94<'>
.619
. 402
•773
I. oSo
.841
.861
1.068
.870
•974
.641
••374
I. 1S2
••35^'
1.408
I. 190
I. 180
1.085
I. 206
1.028
•673
.869
•• '37
I. 158
••779
!• ^93
I. 192
.971
• ■54^
I. 297
■745
•903
.612
• 4.50
. 806
1.062
.800
. 901
1.059
.896
•935
•659
1.409
I. 171
••370
••4'3
I. 178
I. 189
1 . 090
I. 199
1.006
1. 0334| 1. 0341 1. 03841 1.0420! 1.0467
62. 83 |62. 85 62. 95 63. 05 63. 18
1 . 0476 1 . 0496] 1 . 0486
63.20 I 63.26 63.23
1.0497
63.26
63. 26
Noon.
1 p m.
2 p. m.
.668
■653
.656
.90s
■ 935
• 970
I. 107
1 . 084
I. OSS
1. 176
1. 194
I. 219
1.771
1.764
'■759
I. 151
••'59
I. 112
I. lOI
1.077
1.051
I. 00;
1.079
I. 109
1.551
••554
I. 551
1.263
1.248
I. 226
.761
.7&1
■ 799
■854
.817
.790
.596
.582
•552
■430
• 450
.474
.827
• 830
.821
I. 051
1.065
••043
.761
• 753
•747
■9'S
•945
.942
1.040
1.030
1.023
.901
. 916
• 933
. 902
.848
.788
.678
.698
.729
1.436
1.440
1.478
I. 179
1. 194
1.216
1.38S
I. 410
••431
I. 418
1. 419
1. 418
1.172
I. 162
I. 163
I. 194
I. 198
1.204
1.083
1 . 080
1.09s
1 . 202
1.197
I. 198
■ 992
•977
. 962
1 . 0476
1 . 0490
1.0488
63.20
63.23
<''3- 23
• Hy constant -f- .030.
•> Mercurial barometer Xo. asg.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
141
.790 !
■ 552
.474
.X21
1.043
,729
.478
, 21O
.4.!«
.418
163
204
1-095
I. 198
. 9()2
1.0488
(Jravity
correction.
0.074
0.077
MARCH, 1883.
Table XXV. — Atmospheric pressure (reduced to sea), Atarch, 1883.
Washington mean lime. Reduce tu local mean lime liy aildin;; 49""
liarometcr above llie sea, 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
/A=29.ooo-| 0 = + 8i°44' ;i — — 64045' = — 4!' IQ™
3 p. m.
4 p. m.
5 p. m.
() p. 111.
7 p. m.
S p. m.
9 1). m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn'l.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Uan[;e.
Daily means in
vim., 700 +
u
Q
.665
.669
.668
.662
.665
.662
•659
.657
.655
.660
• ''>474
. 688
•529
••59
53^ 02
I
.991
1.030
1 i)<4
1 . 0S9
1. 116
I. 142
1. 166
1. 174
I. 183
1. 184
•9231
1.184
■653
•531
60. 03
2
1 . 030
1-033
1.018
• 999
.991
•977
- 9''5
• 9f>7
- 97<'>
• 979
I . 0962
I. 222
•965
•257
64. 42
3
I. 230
1.263
I. 291
I. 320
■•345
1-375
1.405
1-443
1-477
1.495
1 . 2050
1-495
•975
.520
67. 20
4
"•yf'S
1-750
1-719
1.695
1 . 666
i-<J43
1.606
1-577
1-551
1.525
1. 6771
1.779
••525
•254
79.18
S
1. 114
I. 179
1- 195
I. 161
1. 149
1-154
I. 130
I. r27
1. 136
1. 140
I. 2500
1.492
I. 112
• 380
68. 34
6
I013
1.024
I. 000
-947
-924
.890
.847
.847
.807
•783
1.0286
1.136
■783
•353
62. 72
7
I. 149
I. 186
1-234
1.26S
1.299
1.322
1.348
1-371
1-378
1.390
r. 0458
1-390
-725
.665
<''3- IS
8
1-558
1-547
1-540
1-5.54
1.512
'•507
1-477
1.471
1-449
t-4.H
I. 4916
1-558
1-388
.170
74-48
9
I. 19S
I. 17S
1-157
I- l.i4
1.087
1.070
1.058
1.002
-977
• 939
1.2308
1-424
- 939
•485
67.86
10
.871
■917
. 962
I. 000
1-033
1. 061
1.087
1.087
1.096
I. 092
• S823
1 . 096
.728
.368
58. 99
II
.760
.746
.718
.688
.677
.662
.64S
.642
-61s
. 614
.8520
1-093
. 614
•479
58.23
12
.522
•5.f5
-505
•498
.482
-470
•494
.469
-45f>
•43S
• 559'
-633
-438
■195
50.79
13
.490
• 487
.492
•499
•519
.570
•579
.605
.621
.616
.4658
. 621
.351
.270
48.42
14
.838
.8S5
. 910
.981
•979
•983
I. 020
1.052
1-054
1.069
.8396
1.069
. 609
.460
57-92
15
1.046
1.046
1.056
1054
1.039
1-033
1.070
«-o'73
1.058
1.065
^•0773
I. 136
1-033
.103
63-94
16
.746
•751
.758
•799
.812
.815
.817
-795
•793
.802
•8594
1.065
.746
-319
58.41
17
• 953
-949
•955
.976
.970
•997
I. 030
1. 031
1. 041
l.oSo
.9015
i.oSo
•747
-333
59- 50
18
1. 024
1 . 020
1. 013
1.003
-983
.946
.940
.918
-90s
.886
I. 0312
1.113
.886
.227
62.78
19
•957
.968
•993
1.004
1. 018
1.032
1.046
1-052
1-053
1.060
.9322
I. 060
■833
.227
60. 26
20
•758
.678
.638
-591
•536
•499
.461
.424
■396
.402
.S046
1. 070
•39b
.674
57-04
21
• 744
• ;44
.772
-795
.812
• 843
.872
.907
•9.15
-973
.6693
•973
■385
.588
53-58
22
1.490
1.494
1-503
1-506
1.489
1-477
1-477
'•454
1.414
1-383
•-.5544
1.506
1.025
.481
70.98
23
I. 214
.1.216
I. 215
I. 250
1-234
1.230
1. 224
1-235
I. 240
1.247
1.2238
1-342
I. 171
.171
67.67
24
1.459
I. 479
1-485
1.488
1.496
1-493
1.489
1-489
1.487
1475
1-3919
1.496
I. 250
.246
71-94
25
1-423
1.427
1.407
I. 41 1
1.407
1.396
1-379
1-372
'•354
1-345
I. 4148
1.468
'•345
.123
i 72-5 5
26
i.iS«
I. 155
1-147
1. 138
1135
1. 128
I. 120
I. 116
I. 125
1. 126
I. 1922
1-332
1. 116
.216
06.86
27
I. 215
I. 214
I. 212
I. 209
I. 200
I. 194
I. 192
I. 1S4
1.173
1.163
1.1790
I. 215
I. 127
.088
66. 53
28
1.095
I. 109
I. 114
1 . 116
1. 118
I. 121
1. 117
I. 121
I. 127
1- 134
1. 1167
1.154
1.080
• 07;
()4. 96
29
I. 207
I. 200
I. 197
1.1S8
I. 180
• •175
I. 166
I. 162
1-150
I. 151
I. 1822
I. 209
I. 141
.068
66. 61
30
.950
. 926
.914
.902
-879
• 859
.842
.814
.802
.801
.9829
I. 138
.Soi
■ 337
; 61.56
3'
1.0538
1.0582
I- 0597
1. 0608
1-0565
••0557
1-0552
1.0522
1.0479
1. 0468
1.0486
1. 201
.884
•3'-7
f'3. 36
63. 46
''3-51
63.54
(''3-41
63.41
f>3^ 39
<'>3- 3«
1
63. 20
63.18
63- 23
67. 10
59-04
8.05
63.22
li
^ I
I
i<H'
ff
142
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
APRIL, 1883.
Tablk XXVI. — Atinosp/uiU j'-ressure {reduced to sra),'^ April, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by aililing 49'"
Uaroroeter'' above ihe sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
7/3^29.000+ vt = + Si°44' A=-- — 64° 45'" — 4" ig"-
B.
Grnvlly
correction.
0.070
a.072
Date.
6 ...
7 -..
8
9
10
11 ..
12 ..
'3 --
14 --
15 -
16
17
18
19
20
21
22 ...
2.^ -
24 -.-
25 —-
26
27
28
29
3^ -■-
Means.
Meansinmilli-
nietcrs, 700-f
.768
•759
•S7S
.581
.596
• 59'
•330
• 31S
•S"
.522
.675
• 67-t
.6S4
.697
1.092
I. 108
•89s
.876
.742
•747
.912
.90s
•693
.702
1.025
1.036
■957
.961
I. 229
I. 236
1.288
I. 291
'•273
1.278
I. 179
I. 175
1.095
I. 101
•979
.965
."JH
. 926
I. 199
I. 211
■•'>43
••653
I. 619
i.6u
1-413
1-419
1.398
1-135
I. 225
1-4.39
I. 662
1-417
I- 143
1 . 246
1.458
1.652
1.0382 1.0420
62.95 I O3. 05
3 a. m.
•744
.5S0
•575
•3'9
-532
.680
.709
I. 121
.862
-75"
-893
• 724
1-037
.964
1.247
I. 281
I. 271
1. 162
1. 104
-945
-934
1.243
1.655
I. 600
I. 416
1 . 406
I. 142
I. 260
1. 481
1.645
I . 042S
63.08
4 a. m.
S a. m.
6 a. m.
-7.^8
.721
■578
.586
• 578
• 573
.312
.318
• 535
• 540
.681
.682
.722
• 738
1. 126
1. 125
.836
.818
. 760
•772
.879
.856
.740
•752
1.047
1.049
•973
.976
1-256
1.266
1.278
1.277
'•273
1.277
1155
I. 144
I. no
1-113
•923
. 910
.940
.935
1.266
1.288
1.666
1.665
1591
1.592
1. 412
'•403
I. 411
I. 406
I. 147
1134
1.27S
1.298
1.489
1.504
1.O32
I. 616
1.0444
1.0445
63.10
63. 10
.710
• 592
.569
• 323
.540
.672
• 750
I. 124
. 810
.790
.836
.770
1.049
• 985
I. 262
I. 272
I. 271
1. 132
I. 112
. 892
947
309
606
580
406
7 a. ni.
1.404
I. 125
I. 311
1-518
I. 602
I
1.0443
63. 10
. 682
•589
.560
• 316
•544
. 672
. 762
I. 108
.787
.806
• 805
•790
1.044
.9S5
I. 260
I. 260
I. 270
I. 131
1. 105
. 900
•953
"•323
1^673
1^574
1399
1394
I. 127
I. 321
••532
1.589
8 a. ni.
9 a. m.
. 700
•592
•SSS
.320
•550
.671
•783
I. Ill
•774
.684
•594
•539
•3.?o
.562
•673
.802
I. 107
749
• 819 i .839
1 . 0420
63^05
.789
.811
I. 041
•999
I. 272
1.254
I. 260
I. 121
I. 119
.894
.964
1-.M3
1.6S6
I. 561
1.392
•771
.828
1.032
1.006
••275
1.248
I. 2O4
I. 114
I. 122
•893
•972
I. \i>\
1.684
1.548
••378
••399 , ••3<'4
I. 129 I. 132
••337 '. 1-353
1-547 i i-5f'i
1-563 1-545
1.0452
63-13
1-0443
63. 10
loa, m.
1 1 a, m.
Noon.
I |>. ni.
2 p. m.
.666
.658
.641
.632
.623
■597
. 604
•599
.608
.610
•5.^1
.520
• 510
•499
.480
•347
•355
•371
•374
•392
.562
•567
•574
.581
•589
.662
.651
.658
•654
.656
.814
•83s
.859
.884
• 904
1.099
1.086
1.077
I. 062
1.047
. 726
.712
.70s
.70s
.696
•853
.S60
.876
•893
•903
•752
•739
• 722
•709
.689
•85s
•873
.SSs
• «95
.910
I. 022
I. 012
I. 014
I. 006
I.OOI
1. 017
1.025
1.039
1.049
1.084
I. 270
1275
1.277
1.277
1.288
••235
1.228
I. 224
••243
1.242
1255
1.244
I. 241
I. 232
I. 226
I. 107
1.098
1.094
1.093
1.096
I. 114
I. 108
I. 100
1.087
1.082
•895
.896
. 902
.909
.907
•979
.980
•993
•999
1.006
I. 382
••.395
1.409
I. 426
1.456
1.682
1.679
1.674
1 . 670
1.669
1.542
1529
• •511
1.507
1.494
1.378
••367
1356
••353
••358
1365
1.349
••330
1-330
••303
I. 136
I. n8
1. 132
•135
•• 143
••.365
I. 368
••372
1-387
1.390
1.569
1585
1.600
I. 616
1.624
1-529
1514
1.500
1-478
1.465
I- 0435
1. 0419
1.0415
1-0431
1. 0447
63. 10
63-05
63.05
63. 08
63- 13
* By constant -(- .030.
<■ Mercurial barometer No. 999,
I '"\
iii
THE LADY FitANKLlN BAY EXPEDITION
143
1.006
1.456
1 . 669
1.494
1.358
I. .^03
I. 143
1.390
1.624
l-4f'5
1.0447
., Gravity
; correciiun.
30 0.074
31 0.077
1
APRIL, 1883.
Table XXVI. — Atmospheric pressure {reduced to sea)^ ■■ipril, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Uarometer a')ove the .sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
77:^29.000+ 0 = + 8i°44' ^~— 64" 45' = — 4'' 19"'
c
3 p. m.
4 !>. m.
5 p. ni.
6 !>. rn.
7 p. m.
8 p. Ml .
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
II p.m.
Midn't.
!>aily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
1 5
1— <
.6t3
.611
.599
.593
.573
■576
.5S0
.587
.580
.569
. 650;
.768
.569
.199
53. lo
I
.621
.624
.628
.627
.627
.627
.627
.622
.617
. 596
. 6o.^6
.628
.575
.053
51.96
2
■^('i
.452
.4.14
,4.34
.414
.381
•374
. 367
.350
• Hi
.4872
.596
. 33 \
. 2<.3
48. .)6
3
■415
.417
• 439
•4.55
•455
.475
481
.497
.503
.503
.3894
.503
.312
.191
46.47
4
. Ooo
.612
.617
.627
•633
. 649
.654
.661
.671
.672
.5^77
.672
51'
.161
5'S2
5
.651
• 647
. 662
■ 655
•654
.660
.664
.673
.674
.687
.6662
.687
.647
. 040
53- 50
6
.9JI
.951
• 9'''5
.992
1.00}
1 . 026
1.034
1.054
1.063
1.079
•8763
1 . 079
.6S4
.395
58. 83
7
I. 041
1. 020
1.008
•997
.988
•973
.966
.947
•934
.9'3
1.0492
I. 126
.9^3
.213
63^ 23
8
.6S9
.6S7
. 690
. 699
.702
.707
.717
.72S
.728
.729
• 75"
.895
.687
.208
55^ 67
9
.909
.923
.924
.926
•933
•933
.934
■932
.934
.930
.8620
•934
.742
.192
58. 48
10
•673
.669
.664
.660
.654
354
.647
.668
.669
.682
•7457
.912
.647
. 265
55^ S3
II
.922
.9.S4
•9.39
.952
•963
•978
.987
.988
•997
1.006
. S706
1.006
.693
m
58.71
12
.995
.982
.980
.971
. 966
. 966
.958
.952
■953
.957
1.0040
I. 049
.95.-
097
62. 09
•3
I. loi
I. Ill
I. 126
I. 140
I. 154
I. 167
1.177
1.177
•••99
I. 218
1.0662
I. 218
•957
.261
63. 66
•4
1.289
•293
i..i90
1.294
1.302
1.300
1.289
1.293
1.289
1.284
'. 2755
I. 302
1.229
.073
68.99
'5
'.243
1.250
I. 254
1.252
1.257
••25s
I. 262
1.268
1.272
1.278
I. 2588
1.291
1.224
.067
68.57
16
1.225
I. 231
I. 214
I. 220
I. 209
I. 215
1.197
I. 200
•• "93
1.186
• . 2385
1.278
1.186
.092
68.03
'7
1.094
I. 102
I. 107
1. 108
I. 100
1.097
1.099
I. 107
1.098
1.089
1. 1 169
••79
1.0S9
. 090
64. 96
18
1.075
1.069
1.065
1.056
1. 051
1.040
1.023
I.OIO
I. 001
.981
1.0768
I. 122
.981
.141
63^ 94
•9
.918
.919
. 916
.911
. 900
•893
.893
.896
•90s
.904
.9110
.979
.892
.087
59^ 73
20
1.017
1.038
1.04s
1.066
1.069
1.087
1. 110
1. 132
1.144
I. 168
1.0132
1.168
.914
.254
62.32
21
1.484
1.508
i-5.io
1.554
'•573
1.590
1.607
1.616
1.621
•.632
1.4302 .
I. 6?2
•••99
.433
72.91
22
1.669
1.669
1.664
1.656
1.657
1.650
1.647
1. 650
1.634
1.627
1. 6619
1. 686
1.627
.059
78 80
23
1.4S4
1. 476
1.466
1.458
••454
1.447
I. 144
• 44'
1.427
1.426
•.5'59
I. 619
1.426
. '93
75.09
24
1.360
1.368
1.366
'•373
I. 361
••377
1.384
'.389
•.387
1.396
• .3838
1. 419
••353.
. 066
7'. 74
25
1.284
I. 276
1.257
1.245
1.223
1.208
I. 188
I. 186
1.175
I. 171
1.3120
1.417
I. 171
. 246
69.91
26
1. 142
1.151
i.'SS
I. 166
I. 169
1.177
I. 188
I. 193
I. 204
I. 218
1.1525
1.218
I. 125
•093
65. 'S
27
1.404
1.409
I. 416
I. 417
I. 418
1.411
I. 419
1.422
1.427
••435
1. 3620
••435
I. 225
. 210
71. 8
28
1.639
1.652
I. 660
1 . 664
I. 671
1.672
1.676
'.673
1.671
I. 663
1.5902
1.676
'•4,39
•237
76. .)^
29
1.450
1.430
I. 414
••394
•■383
••364
••35'
'•.340
'.323
1.308
1.4S95
1.662
1.308
.354
74. 4j
30
1 . 0464
1.0493
1. 0501
I. 0514
1.0507
1.0518
1.0529
1. 0556
1.0548
1.0547
1.0466
I. 138
• 954
.185
63- '5
63. 23
63.26
63.29
63.29
63^ 31
63.34
63.41
63.39
63.39
63. iS
65.49
6c. 82
4.70
63.17
Ill
144
Dalf
I
2
^ -- -
4 ---
5 - - ---
6 .,..
7
8
9 --- -
10 ._.
11
12 -
•J -
14
IS -.-
ID .-
•7 -- --
i8
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27 --
28
29
.^O
3>
Means
Muaii-iiiimilli-
niclcrs, 700 I
1.28?
..,58
l.oyi
1. 146
I. 256
I. 2J2
I. 5(11
I . (>so
1.677
1.402
1.364
I.091)
. 981)
•775
I. on
■757
. 926
I. 191
1 . 260
1. 031
. 666
■729
•549
. 86 1
.81 1
•777
•77s
. 6S4
•475
.548
THE LADY KUANKLIN I5AY KXI'HDl'i'ION.
MAY, 1.S.S3.
'I'.MM.K XXVII. — Atmospheric /^nsiiirc {miiicei/ /» .»>■'/),» Afiiy, 1883.
WasliinntiHi iiic.iii lime. Kciluce to local mean tiiiio liy adding 49"'
liaroi.rlLr ' aluivo the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//■- 29.000 I- (^ — -f8l°44' X-— 64°4S' — 4I' 19"'
B.
cui ri ctlon.
.070
.079
I. 0129
62. 32
I. 271
•957
1 . 096
I. 149
I. 261
1.247
1.568
1.649
I. 672
1.407
I. ^66
I. 108
.970
•795
I. 003
.765
949
I. 203
I. 259
'•033
•('59
•723
•552
•772
.S62
.811
•777
.781
.687
•474
•553
1. 0122
62. 29
I. 262
• 950
I. 10^
'• '55
1.265
1 . 262
1.586
"•'■'57
1.669
I4'3
I. 362
I. Ill
•955
.811
• 999
.769
• 955
I. 209
I. 252
1. 031
••>5
•.i57
• ; S3
.i.69
.8i(.
.778
•-SS
. 61 )0
.486
•572
1,0154
('2- 37
I.:-42
• 9-to
I. HI
1.158
I. 272
1.274
'•597
'■''57
1.659
1.409
'•358
1. 121
.941
• S32
. 981
• 777
.969
I. 219
I. 246
I 023
.646
.709
.5C>i
.796
. 866
.S19
•779
.784
. 701
.^87
.589
.941
I. 118
'•'59
I. 272
1 . 2S9
1 . 607
1.654
1.651
I. 408
'•35°
I. 127
• J25
.S44
.970
•779
•975
1. 225
1 . 236
1. 017
.651
• 561
. 806
.867
.816
•773
•779
.705
.488
. 600
6 a.
I. 19s
• 934
I. 120
I. 163
I. 26'j
1. 29>i
1.608
1.649
I. (>4I
1.408
!• 347
I. 129
.911
.864
. 962
• 7S9
• 9S9
'• ^ii
'•233
1.016
•"47
.684
• 5f'<>
. 810
.S59
.818
•773
.776
. 710
•5'2
. 6n
7 a. m.
I. 192
.927
1.104
1. 170
..249
1.301
1 . 607
1.644
1 . 629
i.4ii
'•334
1. 121
.8S3
.880
•937
•794
• 994
'•234
1.223
1. fVM
. 640
• ('73
• 55s
.817
•S55
.816
•77'
.767
. 706
•5'7
• ("5
1.0169 .'.0165
,62. 42 62. 39
1.0167 1.01 19
62. 42 162. 29
8 a. m.
I. 165
• 934
I. 124
1. 169
'•255
I. 310
1 . 602
1 . 642
1.(115
I. 411
1. 131
. 862
• 903
.914
.Soo
1. 007
1.238
I. 213
• 99i5
•(•35
.661
•55S
.S24
.846
.813
. 766
•749
•695
•533
•637
I. 0106
62. 27
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
1
1 1 a. m.
I. 140
I. 123
I. 100
■ 929
•924
.922
I. 124
I. 124
I. 126
'• 193
1. 189
I. 1.S4
1.250
1.232
1. 232
'•32s
••3.18
'•351
1 . 608
1 . 609
1.611
I.6,|6
1.643
1.644
..59S
I. 5S0
1.566
'•399
'•395
'•387
1.312
1.29S
1. 283
I. 130
1. 128
I. 117
. 840
.814
• 793
.917
• 932
•952
.905
• 883
.861
•S13
•S25
.826
1.025
i.ojS
1.045
I. 240
1.24S
1.248
I. 198
I. 184
I. 165
.981
.968
•947
.642
• C45
.647
•('47
.637
.627
• S5('
• 5(10
•571
.830
• 835
.856
.841
• 834
.829
• S'3
.806
• S05
•773
• 7('5
•759
•737
.719
. 696
• 695
.677
.678
•538
•53^^
•549
•('54
.680
.680
1 . 0098
1.0055
1. 0012
62. 24
62. 14
62.02
Noon.
1.082
•925
1. 118
I. 19s
I. 218
I. 358
1 . 606
1. 641
'•545
'•383
I. 264
i. 1 16
• 7('9
• 954
•838
•839
1.052
I. 260
I. 149
•938
• (■'47
.616
.5S1
• 839
.S27
.801
• 75('
.6S0
.660
•554
1 p. m. 2 p. m.
•(■'77
1.063
•935
I. 104
I. 198
1.210
1.368
1 . 605
1.647
'•529
1.386
'•243
t. ;i9
• 7''5
. 962
.824
• S43
1.066
1. 271
'• '.U
.918
• ('52
.605
• S9t''
• 845
.824
•798
• 7(''3
. 670
.646
•544
.(■'75
• 99('4: • 993('
61.88 ,61.83
1.047
•947
I. 109
1.203
I. 206
1.389
1 . 605
1.654
'•5"4
1.386
1.232
1. 119
•750
•974
.808
.S46
1.074
1.277
I. 120
.897
.668
•592
.607
.846
.818
•795
•771
. 669
,631
•550
.676
• 9929 ,
61.81
* By constant +.030.
'■ Mercurial barometer No. 2^9.
iifil
THE LADY FUANKLIN HAY EXI'EDITIOX.
145
,897
.668
•592
.607
.846
.818
■ 795 !
•77'
. 669
•550
.676
1
• y929j,
3i.8i 1
MAY, 1883.
Taiii.e XXVII. — Atmospheric pressure {reduy'i- >t<»), JAy, i88j.
Wasihingtun mcnn time. Kcdiicc to local mean ti,. ' '<y adding 49"<
Ilnrometnr above the sea 24.3 feet [7.38 meters].
//=s29.ooo-|- ^=:4-8|9i;4' ?. = — 64° 45' - — 4H ig"'
a
3 p.m.
1.027
4 p.m.
1.021
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
•994
8 p.m.
.981
9 p.m.
lop. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
'■283
Min.
Range.
.324
S8
a -
JL
64.42
1
1.014
1.002
-^74
.969
.965
■959
1.0957
• 959
■957
.967
■ 979
■995
1. 010
1.029
' ■ ■ ■•■I
».062
1.072
'■083
.9716
1.083
.9^.2
. 101
61.27
3
I. 109
I. 117
I. 119
I. 122
I. 121
I. 120
'25
•3«
'■'34
I. 140
1.1171
I. 140
1.091
.049
64. 96
3
I. 204
I. 213
1. 222
1.228
■•238
1.241
•.24c
. 246
1.252
1.255
1. l9(;o
1.255
1. 146
. 109
67. 04
4
1.205
I. 209
I. 213
1. 210
1. 207
1. 211
i.2r
212
1.217
1.227
1. 2326
1.272
1. 205
.067
67.91
5
I. 411
"•432
1-453
1. 466
1.485
I./n:
1. OS
1521
'■539
1.542
«.3830
1.542
1.232
.310
71.72
6
1.608
I. 613
i.6r
1.634
i.6?6
1. .''
I. 0
1.639
1.64s
'■645
1.6126
1.645
I. 561
.084
77- 56
7
1.662
1.669
1.671
1.681
1.684
1.685
. ■■:^^
1.687
1.687
1.682
1. 6613
1.687
1.641
.046
78.78
8
I. 504
1.486
1.472
1.456
1.452
1.^41
■ «2
1.427
1.412
1.405
'■5430
1.677
1.405
.272
75^78
9
•■3«7
1.384
■ •382
'•382
■•383
I. 84
"•378
'■37'
1.364
1.369
I. 3912
'•4«3
'•3f'4
.049
71.92
10
I. 213
I. 192
1.179
I. 163
1. 150
1, . ■
;.ll8
1.106
1. 101
1.093
1.2452
1. ?66
1.093
■273
68.21
11
1. 112
I. Ill
1. 106
1.097
1.081
1.0/0
1.058
1.038
1. 019
1.000
1. 0987
1.131
1. 000
•'3'
64.50
12
.746
.746
.750
■747
.746
■750
■753
■747
•75'
■763
.8194
•989
.746
■243
57- 39
'3
•977
• V<7
I. on
1. 010
1.031
'•03s
1.028
1.028
1.027
1. 016
• 9394
'•03s
■775
. 260
60.44
14
.791
.782
.766
.761
■744
■743
■ 744
•745
■ 748
•750
.8529
l.OII
■743
.268
58.26
'S
■853
.861
.887
.872
.883
.887
.897
•903
.909
.917
•8371
.917
• 757
.160
57^85
16
1.094
I. 103
I. no
I. 121
!■ 139
1. 142
1.151
1. 161
1.168
1.181
1.0598
I. 181
. 926
■255
635'
17
1.283
I. 285
1.293
1.2S7
1.287
1.290
1.284
1.283
1 . 269
1.267
'•2552
'•293
1.191
. 102
68.47
18
I. 106
I. 102
1.084
1.076
1.064
1.063
1.049
1.049
1.040
1.039
1. 1476
1. 260
1.039
. 221
65.74
'9
.877
.S63
.842
.816
•787
.767
■ 743
.718
. 702
.679
•8995
'•033
.679
■354
59^45
20
.6S2
.698
.706
•7'3
.721
•732
■731
.726
.726
.729
■6775
•732
• 635
.097
53^80
21
.586
.581
■575
.569
■ 564
.561
•557
•552
•553
.550
.6234
.729
■ 55°
.179
52.41
22
.625
. 642
.654
.669
.684
.695
.707
.719
• 739
•750
.6171
•750
■549
.201
52. 26
23
■854
.85,
■ 855
.852
■ 852
•855
.854
•855
.855
• 854
.8308
.855
• 763
.092
57-70
24
.815
.813
.812
.809
.810
.810
.808
.809
.804
.802
■ 8312
.869
.802
.067
57^ 70
25
.801
.796
.796
•794
•794
■ 787
■ 791
• 784
■785
.781
.8020
.819
.781
■ 038
56. 96
26
•779
.781
.782
■789
■78j
■787
.790
.788
.790
.789
.7766
.790
.756
■ 034
$(>■ 32
27
.667
. 666
.661
.669
.671
.675
.665
.675
■f'75
.677
•7"3
•78S
.661
.124
54^ ('5
28
.622
• 599
■ 592
•570
■538
.522
.511
.496
.476
■479
.6238
.710
.47f'
■ 234
5243
29
.564
•579
■5f'S
.562
.560
•558
■556
■554
■559
•S49
.5354
•579
.474
.105
50.18
30
. 670
.676
.691
.711
.709
.716
.724
■7'3
.706
.697
.6576
• 724
■ 548
..76
53^ 30
3>
• 9936
•9944
• 9959
• 994*^
■9938
61.86
• 9936
.9922
.9908
.9900
61.76
.9893
I. 0015
1.082
.918
.164
61. S3
61.83
61. 88
f.I.84
61.82
61.79
61.78
61.73
62.04
64.07
59.90
4.16
62.03
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 10
146
Date.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JUNE, 1883.
Tadle XXWWl.—'Atmosphiric pressure {reduad to sea)* yiine, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Barometer'' above the sea 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
//— 29.000-)- * = 4-8i°44' X — — 64»4S' =— 4'> ig"
I
2
3
4
5
6
7 --
8
9
10
II
12
>3
14
IS
16
«7
i8
«9—
20
21
22
23 -
24 ---
25
26 .-
27 - •-
28
29
30
Means..
Mcansinmilli-
melers, 700 -\-
I a. m.
2 a. m.
.695
.689
.704
.678
•533
• 542
.560
.570
. 619
■6.33
.711
•705
.617
.620
.627
.632
.606
•599
•512
•525
.697
.709
.814
.816
1.006
1.022
1.197
1. 189
1. 014
1.024
.846
.823
•9«3
•925
•999
.996
.976
.984
.942
•950
• 975
•979
1.070
1.074
I. 201
I. 201
.791
.778
.696
.712
•855
.862
•935
•939
.982
•975
.836
.829
.892
.894
.8274
.8291
57.59
57^ 64 .
3 a. m.
.691
• 654
•5.17
•585
.646
.699
.607
.628
.580
•534
. 720
.831
1.032
1. 181
1.025
.803
.948
• 994
.986
•950
•999
1.077
1.203
•752
.707
.868
•952
.967
.825
.S95
4 a.m.
.686
.614
•538
•598
'^19
.706
.609
.619
•570
•55°
. 721
•833
1.046
1. 178
1.034
.798
•953
.991
.984
•955
•998
1.080
I. 205
•732
• 717
.869
•958
. 962
.816
. 8292 . 8289
57.64 57.64
5 a.m.
.682
•598
•554
.612
•655
.699
.610
.619
.562
•563
•734
• 838
1. 061
1. 168
• •037
.776
•959
•994
•984
•953
1. 001
1.083
'•'99
•703
•733
.865
.964
•955
.811
•903
.8292
57.64
6 n. m.
,679
.589
•533
.620
.660
. 700
. 610
.615
.550
• 575
.746
.842
1.070
1. 162
1.036
•7<3
•955
1.005
.984
•95'
1.008
1.090
1. 191
.680
• 75'
.865
•973
•95'
.810
.911
.8288
57^64
7 a. m.
.675
.556
. 522
.623
.666
. 692
. 619
.602
.526
.580
.742
•844
1.087
I. 160
1.032
.740
.969
1.008
•985
•945
I. 015
1.091
I. 185
.672
.765
.867
.978
•937
•795
•9'5
.8266
57-59
8 a.
.672
•527
■527
.624
..663
.677
.616
•595
.514
.604
•739
.841
1.096
I. 141
1.041
•7'5
.970
1.002
.978
•939
1.020
1.09s
1.175
. 640
.776
.868
•983
.925
•792
.912
.822r
57.46
9 a. m.
.674
•505
•5'4
. 622
.667
.671
.616
•593
•495
.611
.750
• 843
I. Ill
'•'35
'•045
. 701
•97'
.998
.976
.942
1.029
I- '03
1.168
. 609
-779
-874
•993
.912
.790
•9'4
.8201
57^ 41
10 a. m.
.672
•505
•5o<>
.632
. 672
.669
.616
•590
.466
• 613
•752
-849
I. 126
I. 129
1.045
. 721
.981
-993
•977
•933
1.028
I. no
1. 156
.590
•783
.877
•99'
.901
.789
.918
•8195
57^ 4'
1 1 a. m.
673
• 493
•5'2
. 629
•673
.661
.611
.582
•455
.625
• 757
.856
'•'37
1. 119
1.04s
.703
.972
• 97'
.968
•933
1 . 03 1
1- '"'3
I. 136
•59'
.802
• 88s
.990
.890
•798
.910
.8173
57.34
Noon.
.676
■503
.514
. 622
.670
•655
.605
.580
•457
• 633
•759
• 859
I. 150
I. 107
1.040
. 716
.981
•974
.967
.924
1.042
1. 120
I. 127
.600
.807
•879
-99'
-877
.806
.917
B.
Gravity
correction.
0.070
0.07a
.8186
57-39
I p. m.
.679
•504
•5'4
.632
.678
.646
.611
.581
•448
•637
.767
• 858
I. 166
1.089
1. 041
. 722
.981
•975
•973
•932
1.04S
1.131
1. 108
. 600
.820
.889
•995
.871
.810
. 906
.8199
57^4J
3 p. m.
.686
.510
.508
.618
.678
.642
•599
.591
•454
■643
.764
■874
1. 169
1.080
1.036
•734
•979
•973
.971
-934
1.050
1. 130
1.089
. 620'
.829
-894
•995
-860
.809
■9'4
.8211
57-44
• By constant + .030,
' Mercurial barometer No. 339.
THK LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXrEDlTION.
14*}
B.
3'
Gravity
currecllon.
0.074
0.077
JUNE, 1883.
Table WWW, — Almosphtric pressure [raiuctd to sea), yune, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce tu local mean time by adding 49'°
Barometer above the sea 24.2 feet [7. 38 meters].
N—2<).aoo\- 0 = 4-81° 44' A^ — 64° 45' — — 4>' 19™
h>
3p.m-
4 p.m.
Sp.m.
6 p. m.
.718
7 p.m.
8 p.m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
meanii.
Max,
Min.
Range.
a
a +
8 8
B *^
9J
.698
.707
.7«S
.718
■ 73"
• 730
.722
•724
.697
•6953
.730
.672
.058
54.24
I
.523
.520
•527
.529
.529
.530
•530
•529
•530
.542
•55'3
.704
.493
.211
50.59
3
.507
• 517
.5>8
•523
.524
.528
•53'
.533
•538
.550
.5261
•554
.507
.047
49.94
3
.619
.619
.616
.610
.607
.607
.607
.609
.607
.613
.6105
.632
.560
.072
52.08
4
.687
.696
.706
.708
.712
.716
.716
.7«8
•7'7
.7'6
.6800
.7'8
.619
.099
53.86
5
.641
.645
.646
•639
.632
• 634
.636
• 633
• 623
.618
.6617
.711
.618
.093
53.40
6
.614
.626
.632
.632
.630
• 634
.640
.641
.641
.633
.6204
.641
• 599
.042
52.3?
7
.596
.604
.612
.614
.624
.628
.630
.628
.622
.620
.6097
.632
.580
.052
52.08
8
• 457
.469
.468
.467
■ 479
.486
.489
• 492
.500
.506
.9040
.606
.448
.158
49.39
9
.650
.656
.656
.658
.660
.668
.670
.679
.688
.690
.6200
.690
.512
.178
52.33
10
.770
.780
.782
.783
.792
.797
• 795
.800
.8oi
.806
.7610
.806
.697
.109
55- 92
11
.883
• 893
.902
.918
.933
.942
.954
.968
•984
•999
.8822
•999
.814
.185
58,99
12
I. 181
1. 198
1. 187
I. 199
I. 211
I. 215
1.218
1.215
I. 211
1.205
1. 1383
1.218
1,006
.212
63.49
'3
1.077
1.068
1.052
>.033
1.029
1.018
1. 016
1.008
1.009
1.002
1.0978
I- '97
1.002
.195
64.47
'4
1. 021
1.017
•99«
•979
.971
.960
.931
.914
.888
.872
1.0016
1.045
.872
■ «73
62.04
'S
.743
.758
.786
•799
.817
.832
.855
.858
.875
.894
.7820
• 894
.701
■ 193
56.45
16
.986
.987
.988
.988
.989
.990
• 993
•999
.996
.998
.9738
•999
•9'3
.086
61.32
'7
•977
.980
.980
.987
.981
•954
• 954
.981
•984
.980
.9846
■ .008
•954
■ 054
61.61
18
.970
.966
.964
.961
•954
•954
949
•945
•945
.948
.9687
.986
•945
.041
61.20
'9
•936
.938
•941
.942
.945
■ 950
.95"
•954
•959
.965
.9443
.965
• 924
.041
60.56
20
I.OS9
1.055
1.060
1.064
1.059
1.061
1.064
1.065
1.064
1.065
1.0348
1.065
•975
.090
62.88
21
I. 131
1.131
I. 154
I. 163
1.172
1.178
1. 192
I. '97
1. 196
1.198
1. 1268
1. 198
1.070
.128
65.21
22
1.064
1.034
1.008
.994
• 959
• 930
.896
.863
.841
.826
«.0733
1.205
.826
• 379
63.84
23
.619
.622
.631
.641
.661
.668
.671
.681
.683
.687
.6638
.791
.590
.201
53.45
24
.840
.841
.852
.853
.854
.856
• 857
.856
.851
•853
.7996
■857
.696
.161
56.91
25
.892
.899
.900
.896
.900
.911
. 916
.919
.921
.928
.8875
.928
•855
• 073
59-14
26
.998
1.006
I.OO^
1. 010
l.oii
1. 013
1.007
•997
•993
■991
.9862
1.013
•935
.078
61.63
27
.853
.852
.840
.856
.853
.852
.850
.849
.845
.839
•8939
.982
•839
• '43
59-29
28
.810
.818
•855
.846
.858
.866
.874
•874
•879
.882
.8274
.882
•789
•093
57-59
29
.914
.895
.901
.900
•893
.886
.886
.886
.881
.876
.9007
.918
.876
.042
59-48
30
.8238
.8266
.8286
•8303
.8319
•8331
.8333
.833S
•8333
■8333
.8269
.886
.763
•«23
57. S«
57. S9
57.64
57-67
57.72
57-75
57.7s
57.77
57^76
57- 76
57- 59
59.09
55-97
3^I2
57-59
1
1
148
Dale.
lo
11 ,
12 .
•3
14
>S
16
17
i8
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28.
29
3°
3'
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
JULY, 1883.
Table XXIX — Almos/>/itnc prfssure (mfHceJ fo stn),'' jfi'b'f '883.
Wellington mean lime, Kcduce In local iiirnn time liy adding 49'<|
Ilaromctcr'' almve the «ea, 24.2 feet [7.38 nictcr>].
// 29.000+ ^—(81044' A=r— 64°45' 411 i9">
Means
Means in iiiilli-
mclers, 7004- JS8. 63
I a. m.
.S77
.856
■7>4
.O63
.844
.884
.84s
•952
1.075
I. 146
1.036
1.025
.891
.876
.778
.827
.856
.819
.87s
.C80
•S'''7
.61J
.744
.S31
• 80s
.904
■ 'm
.929
.996
I- 053
1.027
.8675
2 a. m.
3 a. m
4 a. m.
.878
.872
.872
.846
.841
.842
.710
• 70s
.701
.676
.68 J
.696
.860
.864
.880
.885
•873
. 865
.836
•834
•839
• 9<^i4
•974
• 99"
1.080
1.092
1.095
I. 147
1. 147
1. 142
1.032
1 . 036
1.036
1.023
1.020
i.ois
.889
.887
. 889
.870
.868
.858
.786
.798
.813
.820
.820
.819
.854
.864
.872
.818
.817
.817
.878
.882
.882
.669
.665
.640
•577
• if")
•554
.624
. 629
. »>29
• 747
•755
.756
.828
.817
.819
.805
•799
.801
.902
.904
.918
.911
•903
.893
.925
. 928
• 933
1. 010
1.005
1.015
1.061
1 . 063
I. 071
1. 019
1.013
1.006
.8687I
.8687
.8696
58.66
58.66
58. 68
5 a. "1.
6 a. m.
•875
.877
.840
• 831
• <^"J3
.686
.71Q
.718
.885
.895
.864
.859
.848
.845
.987
• 993
7 a. m.
.868
.824
.677
■72s
• 899
.840
•854
• 9<J"
I. 107 I. 103 I. Ill
•••37
••035
1. 015
.884
.857
.821
.807
.868
.816
•879
.630
•542
. 629
. 760
.819
.792
• 'J09
.894
• 933
1. 017
1. 081
•999
8688
58.66
I. 132
«-033
I. on
.882
.851
.823
.813
.S77
• 823
• 874
. 609
• 542
.644
.776
.822
•794
.911
. 901
• 935
1.027
1.082
.987
. 8695
58.67
I. 122
1.031
• 99''
.874
• 838
.821
• 803
.882
.826
.868
•597
•542
• <>43
•783
• 823
.800
. 902
.907
• 939
1.027
1.087
.986
.8673
58.61
8 a. m.
.88}
.824
. 667
•734
.914
• 83-<
.857
• 996
I. 116
1.108
1.028
. 9.,8
.870
.824
.82 1
.802
.871
.817
.864
•577
•525
■ <H3
• 792
.8.7
.^08
• 'W
. 906
• 938
1.025
I. lOI
• 9''3
.8656
58.58
9 a. m.
.880
.827
. 65t)
•752
.914
.829
•863
• 995
I. 124
1. 108
'•033
• 998
.872
.817
.822
.800
•877
.824
.851
. 566
.522
• 641)
•795
.815
.817
.904
.919
•941
1.024
1.098
. 962
. 8(.(.3
58.58
.880
• 813
.652
■752
.914
.830
.871
• 998
I. 123
1. 091
1.021
• 983
.868
.807
.823
.791
•873
.82S
.841
•549
•522
.652
•7'I4
• 813
.826
.901
•9' 3
• 93^'
1.016
1. 102
•975
• 863:
58. 5«
•«73
. 809
.641
•75"
•923
.826
• 863
.988
I. 119
1.0S8
1.023
• 9f'7
.86^
.798
.819
.781
.861
.830
•835
•535
.520
.655
.802
.806
.829
•894
.911
■934
1.023
I. 108
■95«
Noon.
■ 879
.800
.623
•756
•923
• 834
.870
• 99^'
I. 121
1,074
1.021
• ')('^
.861
.784
.817
.786
■855
.838
.821
• 527
■525
.662
.805
.806
.844
.888
. 910
■933
I.022
1.098
■ 93''
1 |>. m.
.878
.787
.622
.761
.924
.840
•873
• 997
I. 127
"■073
1.022
■ 952
.850
.780
.814
.782
.858
.846
.816
■524
■5.i4
. 6l>4
.811
.810
.846
■883
.916
.940
1.021
1. 101
.928
Urtvlty
cnrrcctlun.
0.070
n.07«
2 p. ni.
.879
.776
.621
.766
.928
■ 854
.882
1.009
1, 126
1.062
1.021
■9.SO
.8to
■763
.8.5
.785
.861
.857
.813
.514
■5,i7
.674
.816
.819
.856
.880
• 913
■938
1.018
1. 100
.921
. 8589
58.41
•8575
.8574
I
58. 38 ; 58. 36
•858S
58.38
•By constant + .030.
'Mercurial barpmeter No. 129.
TUU LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXI'EDITIOX.
149
JULY, 1883.
Taui.R XXL\. — Almo^lfhtrit freisun [/ediued to ifii), yuly, 1883.
Wokhingtnn nuMii lime. Kiiluce tu local mean time l>y adilin^ 49"*
llaromctcr alMive the sea, 24.3 feet [7.,)S meters].
// ay.ooo f-
^=r. +81044'
?. -64»45' - 4"
.} !'• '"•
4 |). 111.
5 i>. m.
(1 p. 111.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. 111.
10 p. 111.
1 1 p. m.
Midii't.
Daily
i.ieanii.
Max.
Mill.
Uanijc.
"■I '•
9 9.
1^'
.881
.881
,862
.027
.8S}
.S80
.8S1
.877
.873
. .S69
.856
.8756
.883
.856
58. 83
,
. 700
• 7«>S
•759
• 75.)
•75"
• 74'>
•745
•743
. 726
.719
•7913
• 85(1
.719
•'37
56. (18
2
.619
.614
.615
.617
. (IJ4
. 62t>
• 635
. 6.JO
. 642
•"57
• "524
.714
.6,4
. 100
53- '5
3
• yf'S
.770
•777
.78(1
■795
. 806
.808
.817
.827
• 8.(5
•7555
•835
• 6f.3
.172
55- 79
4
.Q26
.928
.924
.038
.928
.926
.912
.910
.900
.885
.9064
•9,18
.844
.094
59. rio
5
.«77
.872
.878
. S74
.876
.864
.859
• 859
.849
.845
.8573
.885
.826
.059
58. 36
6
.S88
.894
. 901
, ()C1(1
.912
. 926
. 926
.922
• 93"
•945
.8805
•945
-834
.III
58. 94
7
1. 010
1.018
1.027
I. 02(J
••037
••033
'•035
1.047
1-057
l.o6t)
i.o.".
I.o<>o
•952
.108
()2. 10
8
I. 128
1- i.U
I. 131
1. 1.17
I. 136
• • <35
1-134
1. 140
I. "43
1. 144
1.1200
•144
1.075
.0^19
65.03
9
1.066
1,056
1.049
1.044
1-037
i.o^S
1-043
1.038
l-ov)
1.038
1.0844
1. W
•037
, no
64. 12
10
1.024
1. 02 J
1. 016
I. 010
1.014
i.0'18
1.023
1.017
1.018
1.023
1.0248
1.036
1. 010
.026
62. 62
1 1
.940
•92s
.927
.92S
.<jo8
.918
,()0<>
.898
.900
• 899
. 9612
1.025
.898
• '27
61.00
12
.858
. S69
.870
• .S74
.881
.878
.885
.8,84
. 888
.876
•8751
.891
.850
.041
58.81
'3
■ 7S<
•755
•754
• 755
• 75f>
• 755
•759
-7'''3
.765
■772
• 7990
.876
•75'
.125
56.88
"4
.81.8
.825
.824
• S34
.834
.843
• 84.1
.841
.830
.831
.8206
• 843
.778
.065
57-44
'5
.7^7
.792
.804
.819
. S28
• 839
.8?8
.848
.848
.852
.8121
.852
.781
.071
57-21
16
.S52
•X5S
.854
.849
• S45
.845
.841
•837
.850
.824
.8567
.882
.824
.058
58.36
'7
.863
.859
. 81.5
.868
• 873
.878
.88?
.884
.878
.882
. 8462
.8.84
.816
.w'lS
5b. 07
18
.807
•7«9
.7S1
•773
. 762
• 750
•737
•723
.710
.692
.8126
.882
.692
. 190
57 2-1
'9
.518
.518
•S'5
• 544
• 557
• 558
• 559
• 5^-7
.581
■576
•5740
.680
.514
.166
51. 16
20
.556
.560
. 566
•572
• 579
• 585
.589
• 596
.608
.614
.5585
.614
.520
.094
50.76
21
.679
.678
.687
. 690
.694
.703
• 704
•7'3
.725
•733
.6673
•733
.613
. 120
53-53
22
.821
.813
.816
.817
.819
.816
.819
.825
.828
.830
•7975
.830
.744
.086
56.85
23
.819
.815
.826
•837
• 843
.852
.852
.844
.833
.825
.8246
.852
.806
.046
57-54
24
.864
.871
.882
.877
• • «79
.885
.S90
.894
.896
.898
.8441
.898
.792
. 106
58.02
2S
.880
.876
.871
•«7J
.880
.87S
.878
.884
.889
.896
.8922
.918
.871
-047
59- 24
26
.908
.909
.911
•903
.912
.9"
.909
.907
.910
• 913
.9084
.919
.893
.026
59- f'5
27
■94S
.948
-•954
.976
. 961
• 9f>7
• 975
.984
.986
•993
.9488
.993
.925
.068
60. 69
28
1. 015
1. 018
1.020
1.022
1. 017
1.024
1.028
1.029
1.026
. '•035
1.0200
I 0.35
.996
.039
62.49
29
I. Id
I. lOI
1.092
1.093
1.092
1.080
• •073
1.070
1-051
1.038
1.0832
I. 108
1.038
.070
64. 10
30
.921
.915
.918
.920
• 9«5
•9'9
.930
.924
•936
•948
.9550
1.027
■9'S
. 112
60.85
31
.8598
•8595
.Mil
. 8644
.8653
•8673
. 867.?
.8684
.8686
.8688
.8649
.909
.821
.0S8
S8.43
58.43
58.46
58- S3
58.56
58.61
58.61
58.63
58.66
58.66
58.56
59.68
57.44
2.23
58-55
'ii
150
) i
THE LADY FBAifKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
AUGUST, 1883.
Tab..^ XXX. — Atmospheric pressure {reduced to sea)* August, 1883.
Waslilngton mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adiling 49°'
Baromi ter'' above i..3 sea, 24.2 feet [7.38 meters],
H=2%ooo-\- ^= + 81° 44' ;i = — 64°4S' = — 4'> igm
Date.
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
I a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
.966
.982
•993
1.004
1.028
I. 029
1.026
I. 031
.964
.961
•963
.962
.854
.859
•8S9
.856
•70.^
•754
•749
.741
.685
.682
.663
.636
.660
.686
.694
•713
.832
.842
•855
.870
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
1.006
1.028
•953
.859
.742
.618
• 7«4
.865
I. 016
1.023
•943
861
•736
•597
.716
.V;8
7 a. m.
I. 113
1.022
•939
• 858
• 729
• 597
. 720
.879
8 a. m.
1. 021
1. 014
•930
.866
.725
.581
. 722
.888
9 a. m.
1.027
1. 012
•923
.867
•730
.566
.719
.897
•033
•994
•9'3
•857
•725
• 568
•723
.898
1.039
.986
•89s
.856
.721
•572
.719
.897
Noon.
1-037
•979
.891
•853
.721
•573
• 723
.900
H.
Gravity
correctioa.
98
39
0.070
0.07a
I p. m.
1-037
•977
•894
• 856
.721
• 574
.729
.898
2 p. m.
1.034
.97?
.879
.854
•723
.580
. 720
.898
■ ily constant -f- 030.
'Mercurial barometer No. 399.
Gravity
correction.
0.074
0.077
THE LADTf FilANKLlN BAY EXPEDItlOU.
AUGUST, 1883.
Tadle XXX. — Atmospheric pressure [reduced to sea), August, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by ailding 49™
Barometer above the sea, 24.2 feet [7.38 meters].
J/=2g.cxx>-\- ^ = + 8i''44' X = - -64' 45'' = — 4h irjm
151
■^ +
3 p.m.
4 p.m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
§8 .
1
1.036
'•033
1.039
-■037
1. 031
1.034
I •033
1 030
1.029
1. 031
1. 0225
1.039
.966
•073
62.54
I
.971
.970
•973
.976
•979
.976
.969
• 970
.965
.968
•9932
1.029
.965
.064
61. Si
2
.879
.870
.878
.8S1
.878
,868
.866
• liSS
.859
• 859
.9044
.964
.858
.106
59-55
3
.846
.84s
•839
•S35
.824
.814
.802
.792
.782
•775
.8404
.867
•775
.092
57^92
4
•71S
•7'7
.721
.724
.721
.722
■713
.712
.710
.697
.7263
.763
.697
.066
55- 02
S
.589
■598
.602
•S99
.612
.614
.630
■639
.642
• 658
.6115
.685
.566
.119
52.13
6
•736
•749
•7SS
•749
.762
.771
.782
.797
.810
.820
•7370
.820
.660
. 160
55- 3i
V
•903
.908
.916
•9'3
.912
.906
.917
.909
•903
•893
.8907
.917
.832
.085
59-22
ii
m
.,::ii
152
THE LADY FRAKKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table XXXI. — Mean daily barometer at Fort Conger, August 8, iSSi, to August 8, 1883.
(,■> = +81" 44' X = — 640 45' ^ —4'' 19"'
Date.
1 1?'
lit"
I
2_..
3--
4--
5 --
6...
7 —
8...
9--
10
II...
12. ._
13---
14--
iS-.-
l6...
17 —
18...
19--
20...
21...
22....
23--
24...
25 —
26...
27... _
28.
29.
30.
3'-
Aiigu.st, .Septemb'r,
1881. I 1881.
Menus
Mcnn.siiiniilli-
meter.s
29.477
• 4.36
. 607
•765
.901
.918
.814
.888
•973
30. 009
29. 979
.853
.S05
•743
.814
•957
30. 099
. 096
29^944
.770
.818
.948
.875
•7>4
29. 842
757-97
29. 620
.746
30. 047
.190
29. 979
•997
•9.?o
• 719
.682
.206
.419
.612
.822
.865
.908
.866
30- 073
. 160
.147
29. 968
•939
.808
•713
.665
.660
.632
.480
. 601
.787
•774
October,
1881.
29.578
.501
• 54*''
.399
.456
.561
.681
.558
.626
.832
.906
.929
.970
•932
•673
.550
•736
.766
30. 085
.098
•'57
.439
.417
. 262
• 341
• 362
.408
. 200
29- 993
•751
. 920
29. 800
756.91
29. 891
759. 22
Novemb'r,
1881.
30, 124
. 112
.026
29. 930
.417
.293
•453
•595
.796
.841
.912
30. 167
.011
.054
.030
29. 866
.908
•744
•553
■ 43<'>
.618
•354
•4.30
. 702
.836
.758
•783
•715
. 702
.616
29. 760
755^ 89
Uecemb'r, January,
1881. I 1882.
29.242
• 376
.516
.636
.656
.764
.868
30.003
29. 930
.856
.708
■479
. 426
•594
•732
•75>
•751
•777
.785
.729
. 612
•477
■413
•459
.686
.882
30. 098
.096
29- 943
•957
.885
29. 709
754. 60
29. 648
•947
30. 176
29. 788
• 694
•844
.925
.874
.861
30.004
29. 989
. 692
.508
•343
. 641
•39»
• 542
.667
.846
.872
.891
.861
• 590
•345
.607
.884
• 823
•549
. 600
.338
.476
29.717
754. 80
Kebrua'y,
1882.
29. 255
• 449
•557
• 879
3°- 387
.485
29^ 953
• 643
. 641
. 760
. 906
. 900
.910
•957
• 585
•365
• 3<''4
• 449
.750
• 743
• 948
30- 345
.286
29. 832
•532
•33f'
•357
•544
29^ 754
755^ 74
March,
1882.
29.682
.178
•372
. 760
.888
.807
.876
.683
■595
• 526
.386
.506
. 701
.814
.876
30. 189
.526
.478
.421
.194
29. 767
•329
•359
.566
.781
.748
•7«3
.607
.167
■473
. 920
29^ 738
755^ 33
April,
1882.
29. 830
■933
30. 048
29' 833
.840
.847
•953
3°^ 349
.924
•63s
•463
•S'9
.452
.070
29.777
.678
. 721
. 962
3C^^ 1 93
.408
.218
29. 970
30. 427
. 060
. 188
. 192
.294
.218
• 230
.185
May,
1882.
30. 151
765. 83
30. 227
. 142
• 230
•35°
. 224
.126
,031
. 189
• 3'4
• 316
•299
. 225
■035
29. 910
.694
.766
.768
.766
.888
30. 02 1
•073
■ 223
.420
.444
■ 302
. 192
. 166
.166
29.981
30. 143
.400
io. 130
765. 29
June,
1882.
30. 280
. 116
.079
29. 978
■957
30. on
29. 9S4
.971
30. 032
.089
.014
29.909
.946
.808
.S^S
.460
■ 545
'■•587
.718
.8.; I
3o^ 033
29. 828
.820
30. 069
.105
.078
• 033
• 053
. 010
29. 965
J"iy.
1882.
29. 930
760. 21
29. 967
30. 060
.166
■ "93
29. 91 1
. 809
.786
.687
. 829
.946
30. 028
29. 927
.623
-527
•532
.507
.654
•532
.476
.566
•/•J3
.708
.771
.683
■554
■553
■ 438
.220
.482
.770
.C12
29.714
754^ 72
Yearly
mean.
h
29. 845
757.92
^ • ••
THE LADY FKANKLIX BAY EXI'EDITION
Table XXXI. — Mean daily barometer at Fort Conger, August 8, i88i, to August 8, 1883.
- • ^ = +81° 44' X -=-- —64° 45' - - 4I' 19"'
153
AllRllSt,
I8S2.
29. 5C9
•747
.919
.S78
.817
•959
.989
.671
.502
• '"'79
. 664
.770
.805
.886
.S81
.850
.924
.895
.58.
.619
.688
.708
.816
.908
.95"
30. 036
.021
29. 985
.826
.S63
. 710
29. 810
757. 16
September,
1882.
29. 581
•55S
•57S
. 56?
. 70S
•574
• 7'S
. 86,5
30. 048
.154
.051
29. 87 2
.854
•795
. 82S
.98S
30. 149
. 102
29. 808
• .1S3
.328
• 459
■ 4''4
522
Ml
.S4S
•577
794
.978
.727
29. 741
7SS-4I
October,
1882.
29. 800
. 726
.644
• (^yi
■ S43
. 840
. 900
.887
• <'34
.462
. 600
•570
. 629
.657
.694
•97«
30. 078
29. 96S
30. 197
. 140
29- 9' 3
. 840
30. 087
. 1 68
.249
. 262
.306
• 183
.103
.016
.005
November,
1882.
29. 904
759- 57
29.S1S
.707
.709
. 86S
•9.V
30. 006
.065
■ «.3C>
.424
.216
29. 86S
• 490
.268
.297
•3'9
.63S
. 662
.790
.914
30.016
. 162
• 332
.381
•340
.289
.455
.182
■«73
■ 230
.046
29. 958
700. 92
Deccmb'r,
1882.
30. 027
29- 954
30. 056
.266
.016
29. 967
•995
30. 0S8
• 304
• 2f''},
• 493
.577
•47S
-1-1.7
•352
•45'
•095
29- f>73
.661
.850
30. 188
. 142
.298
. 1 38
29. 9S3
30. 119
.216
29. 989
•935
• 899
30. 250
30. 134
765.39
Jaini.iry,
1S83.
30. 357
. 146
■254
29. 874
. 621
.646
• 540
. 804
30. 058
• 285
. 216
.020
29. 950
•799
.814
30. 030
29. 992
.919
.S19
30- 139
.2S3
29. 829
. 402
•2.34
.154
• 397
■57^>
• '^'83
.929
3°- >5f>
.203
29. 875
758.81
I'ebni.iry,
1S83.
30. 166
29. 812
•795
•483
•5«3
•445
•757
. 384
. 284
.491
•495
.465
• 3''2
.440
•7.50
.817
•653
. 220
.003
•137
•397
.704
•745
•951
30. 128
29. 907
■772
•456
29. 590
751. 57
March,
1883.
29. 647
• 923
30. 096
. 205
.677
. 250
.029
,046
.492
.231
29. 882
.852
• 55')
.466
.840
.30- 077
29. 859
. 902
.?'3-<''3i
29^ 932
.805
. 669
30. 354
. 224
•392
•415
. 192
•'79
• "7
.182
29. 983
30. 049
7C3^ 23
April, I M.iy,
1883. j 1883.
I
29. 650
. 605
.487
.389
. 58S
. 666
. 876
30. 049
29.751
.862
.746
.871
30. 004
.066
. 276
■ 259
.238
.117
.077
29. 9H
3o-"'3
•430
.662
.5.6
• 3S4
•3'2
.152
■ .3<'>2
.590
.490
30.047
'if^. 18
30. 100
29. 972
30. 117
• 199
• 233
• 383
.613
.661
•543
• 3y'
• 245
.099
29. 819
• 939
•853
.837
30. 060
•255
. 148
29. 900
.67S
• 623
.617
.831
.831
.802
•777
.711
. 624
.535
.65S
June,
1883.
29. 69s
•55'
.526
.610
. 6S0
. 662
. 620
. ()IO
.504
. 620
.761
.882
30. 138
. 09S
.002
29. 782
•974
.985
.969
•944
30^ 03s
. 127
•073
29. 664
. 800
. 888
30.002
762. 04
.986
•894
.827
.901
29. 827
757^ 59
J"iy.
■883.
29. 876
•79'
• 652
.756
. 906
■ 857
. S80
30. (KjS
.120
.084
.025
29. 96 1
.875
• 799
.821
.812
•857
.846
• 813
•574
.558
. 667
.798
.825
.844
.892
.908
•949
30. 020
• 083
29-955
?9. 865
758. 56
August,
1883.
30. 022
29- 993
.904
. 84Q
. 726
.612
•737
.891
Neorly
29. 900
759-45
Date
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
13
"4
'5
16
17
18
>9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3'
! C
1' I
\i
,i
\ i
I
I
154 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table XXXU.—Mean hourly barometer at Fort Conger, August, 1881, to yuly, 1883, inclusive.
Washington mean time. To reduce to local mean time add 49"'
^^ + 81° 44' X = — 64»4S' = -4'' ig-"
Hour.
1 a.
2 a.
3 a-
4 a.
5 a.
6 a.
7 a.
8 a.
9 a.
10 a.
11 n.
Noon
1 p.
2 p.
3P-
4 p.
sp.
6 p.
7P-
8 p.
9 p.
10 p.
11 p.
Midii
m . .
ni _.
m ..
m . .
m ..
m ..
m ..
m . .
m ..
m ..
m ..
«ht....
•August, iSSl.
Aneroid. Mercurial.
29' 8339
•8355
.8404
. 8422
.8464
.8472
.85.1
.8544
.8567
.8503
.8468
.8414
.8401
.8418
. 8401
.8405
. 8401
•8397
•8372
.8389
•8347
• 8355
• 8347
.8334
29. 8425
.8503
.8431
,8390
.8382
.8352
September, 18S1.
October, 1 88 1.
Aneroid. Mercurial. Aneroid. Mercurial.
29. 7994
. 8024
. 8044
. 8097
.8111
. 8of)4
. 80O7
8027
.7984
.7967
•7957
•7974
•7957
.7961
•7977
.7947
• 7967
.8007
.8017
.8015
• 7992
• 7999
• 7995
•7955
29. 8040
.8079
.7976
.S023
, 8019
.7961
29.8811
.8779
.8S15
.8821
.8847
.8853
.8863
.S908
• 8937
. 8866
.8885
.8931
• 8934
.8944
. 8960
.8969
.8995
.8966
. 8969
.8966
.8989
.9018
. 8969
. 8940
Means 29.8418
Means in
millimeters. 757. 97
29. 8414
757-95
29. 8004
756.91
zg. 8016
756.91
29. 8912
759.22
29. 8886
.8930
,8898
.8925
.8919
.8875
29. 8906
759^ 19
November, 1 88 1.
Aneroid. Mercurial.
29. 7687
.7710
.7740
•7723
•7707
.7697
•7643
• 7663
. 7660
.7603
-7573
•7553
•7543
•7557
•7590
. 7610
.7627
•7593
•7583
• 7547
•7510
.7463
.7450
.7463
29.7765
•7732
•7574
.7566
.7504
.7456
29. 7604
755-89
29. 7600
755-89
December, 1 88 1.
Ant'ioid.
29- 7074
.7097
. 7110
. 7100
.7084
.7019
. 7006
.6965
.6981
.6990
. 6990
.6987
. 7010
-705s
.7119
.7171
.7216
•7>74
.7190
.7181
.7197
.7184
.7165
.7148
29. 7092
754.60
,, . , Mercurial,
Mercurial, .^n^t^j.^;
29- 7 '24
,7074
.7002
.7067
,7165
.7124
29- 7735
• 7744
• 7793
.7838
.7821
.7786
-777'
- 7f>83
.7682
. 7661
•7'''3
.7565
-7579
• 7591
. 7610
.7651
.7718
.7681
.7699
.7671
.7679
. 7661
.7624
- 7f'33
29. 7093
754. 60
I
29. 7687
756. 12
Hour. Jan., 1882.
1 a. ni ...
2 a. ni , ..
3 a. m...
4 a. m .,,
5 a.m...
6 a. m ...
7 a. m ...
8a. m...
9 a. m ...
10 a. m ...
11 a. m ...
Noon
1 p. m ...
2 p. m ..
3p.m..
4p. m...
5p. m..
6 p. m . .
7P-''
8 p. m ...
9P. m...
10 p. m ...
1 1 p. m . .
Midnig' t..
Means .
Means i
niillimeti
29. 7214
.7218
•7245
- 7233
.7264
. 7229
•7213
• 7224
.7196
•7143
.7124
. 7090
.7027
.7042
.7079
.7150
.7i;>4
■71(^3
•7 ""'3
-./'/••
,•170
■ .'•■;.
.7152
■ ■"-'•'3
Feb., 1882.
Mar., 1882.
29. 7494
• 7494
.7496
.75'9
.7508
•7522
-7525
.7488
-7535
-75'7
-75>6
.7472
.7488
-7525
.7560
-7578
.7590
. 7601-
-7576
■ 7595
. 7609
. 7600
. 7602
• ; .^y3
29. 7295
-7353
- 7371
•7395
•743«
- 7448
.7468
.7465
.7480
■7453
- 739"
-737«
-7327
-7313
-7337
-7335
-7340
.7360
•7355
-7349
-7375
• 7374
•7392
.7409
Apr., 1882.
30. 1415
•1443
•1473
.1507
••523
•1527
•1536
• •532
.1562
• 1548
•1536
. 1512
.1507
■ 1510
•«5"7
• 1532
. 1516
■1523
• 1521
• 1515
• 1499
.1467
. 1461
.1463
May, 1882.
June, 1882.
. -/ 16P
54. >i
2:'- 754-'
7i5 74
29- liK
755- 33
30. 1506
765. 80
30. 1211
. 1 241
■ •253
.1287
.i3'7
• •330
•'332
••344
.1378
• 1362
••343
••3'9
.1308
■ '310
• '312
■ 1318
• '306
. 1291
.1288
.1288
. 1278
. 1260
■ 1274
. 1283
29. 9380
•9379
.9382
•9389
.9409
•9387
■ 9368
■9342
■9359
.9298
•9255
.9230
.9216
. 9220
. 9221
■ 9233
.9246
• 9251
• 9253
• 9254
.9252
.9250
.9250
.9265
30. 1 30 1
765. 29
29- 929S
760. 21
July, 1882.
29. 7206
. 7222
•723^
.7237
.7229
. 7206
• 7^93
.7186
•7^S4
.7114
.7074
.7063
.7045
.7049
.7098
. 7112
• 7^35
.7 '44
•7135
.7129
.7105
.7094
. 7066
•7051
29.7136
754.72
Aug., 1882.
29. 8063
.8077
.8096
.8124
. 8142
. 8 169
.8169
.8149
.8138
. 8104
.8068
.8054
.8054
.8064
.8078
.8073
. 8100
.8108
.8114
.8il6
.8104
.8081
.8103
.8105
29. 8102
757^ '6
Sept., 1882.
29
29
7SS
7393
7401
743^
7447
7461
7458
7450
7434
',408
7381
7346
7330
7325
7339
7367
7396
7417
'442
/44S
7442
7436
744 •
74J4
74^4
7409
4«
Oct., 1882.
29. 8961
.8985
.9019
•9053
■9053
.9069
.9065
.9067
■9033
.9011
.9011
.8982
■8999
.9011
.9027
.9064
.9090
. 9080
.9091
.9087
.9068
. 9046
.9019
.9020
29. 9038
759- SS
•Twenty-four days only.
r
J.
r
!
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table XXXII. — Mean hourly barometer at Fort Conger, August, 1881, /^ 3^"fy> 1883 — Continued.
Washington mean time. To reduce to local mean time add 49'n
^ — 4-81° 44' i = — 64°4S' = — 4'' 19'n
155
Hour.
Nov., 1882.
Dec, 1882.
Jan., 1883.
Feb., 1883.
March, 1883.
30.0351
.0334
•0341
.0384
.0420
.0467
. 047''
. 0406
.0486
.0497
.0498
.0476
.0490
.0488
•0538
.0582
.0597
.0608
. 0565
•0557
•0552
.0522
.0479
.0468
April, 1883.
May, 1883.
June, 1883.
July, 1883.
1 a. m
2 a. m
3 a. m
4 a. m
5 a. m
6 a. m
7 a. m
8 a. m
9 a. m
10 a. m
11 a. m ._.
Noon
1 p. m
2 p. m
3P-n>
4P. m
5 P.m
6 p. ir.
7 p.m
8 p. m
9P^ni
10 p. m
11 p. m
Midnight
Means
Means in milli-
meters.
29-9557
• 9581
•9582
.9610
.9612
•9595
• 9584
• 9578
•9574
•9558
9539
.9531
• 9544
.95*5
•95-r^
•9595
■ .9600
.9610
.9594
.9600
• 9594
.9583
• 9576
.9586
30. 1266
.1302
■>3'S
•«332
••363
•«349
•'325
.1310
.1311
• 1306
■«3>5
.1309
••303
.1302
■«352
•«37S
.1386
••394
.1395
•'375
• 1387
• 1383
• 1380
.1365
29. 8760
.8789
.8816
.8841
.8828
.8818
.8796
.8783
.8751
.8742
.8708
. 8676
.8669
.8676
.8736
.8759
.8784
.8768
. 8753
.8746
•8753
.8736
.8691
.8663
29. 5997
.5979
•5957
.5968
• .5959
.5945
• 5925
.5910
.5906
.5907
0861
.5820
.5799
.5807
.5869
■S9«3
.5900
•5925
.5891
.5892
.5891
•588S
.5878
.5801
30. 0382
.0420
. Of,.:i
04^4
•04»5
.0443
.0420
.0452
■ 0443
•0435
. 04'9
.0415
.0431
.0447
.0464
.0493
.0501
.0514
.0507
.0518
.0529
.0556
.0548
.0547
30. 01 '9
.0122
.0154
.0169
.0165
.0167
.0119
.0106
.0098
.0055
.0012
29. 9964
. 9936
.9929
. 9936
. 9944
• 9959
. 9946
•9938
•9936
.9922
.9908
.9900
.9893
29. 8274
.8291
.8292
.8289
. 8292
.8288
.8266
.8221
.8201
.8195
.8173
.8186
.8199
.8211
.8238
.8266
.8286
•8303
.8319
.8331
• 8333
.8338
•8333
•8333
29. 8675
. 8687
. 8687
.8696
. 8688
.8695
.8673
. 8656
.8663
• 8632
.8589
:IW4
•8585
.8598
.8595
.8611
.8644
.8653
.8673
.8672
.8684
.8686
.8688
29. 9578
760.92
30. 1342
765. 39
29. 8752
758.81
29. 5900
751.57
30. 0486
763. 23
30.0467
763. 18
30.0017
762. 04
29. 8269
757-59
29. 8649
758.56
Ml
ii::
156
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION,
Table XXXIII. — Mean atmospheric pressure, by decades, at Fort Conger,
(J— 8i°44' A - — 64" 45' = — 4'' 19™
Discovery
liay.
l'"ort Conger.
Fort Conger.
Grand mean.
Dati;.
i87S-'76.
l882-'83.
i88l-'82.
Inches.
29- 707
29. 796
29- 847
Millimeters.
Aug., I-IO
Au^;., 11-20
Au(,., 21-31
29. 592
29.712
29. 789
29. 756
29. 890
29. 888
29- 773
29. 787
29. 865
754-55
756. 80
758. 10
Sept., I-IO
Sept., 11-20
Sept., 21-30....
29. 680
29. 695
29. 740
29.813
29. 886
29.706
29- 734
29. 883
29. 605
29- 742
29. 821
29. 684
755-43
757-44
753- 96
Oct., I-IO....
Oct., 11-20
Oct., 21-31
29. 843
29. 869
30. 207
29-574
29. 864
30. 202
29- 737
29.851
3°- «03
29.718
29.861
30- ' , '
754- 82
758.46
766. 30
Nov., I-IO
Nov., 11-20
Nov., 21-30 .
30. 322
30. 166
30.09s
29- 758
29. 867
29- 65s
29. 988
29. 626
30- 259
30. 023
29. 886
30.003
762. 57
759-09
762. 07
Dec, I-IO
Ilec, 11-20
Dec, 21-31
30. 079
29. 49S
29. 676
29. 672
29- 773
30. 104
3°- 197
3°- 'OS
29- 953
29-751
29. 791
760.80
755-67
756. 68
Jan., I-IO
Jan., 11-20
Jan., 21-31 ....
29. 666
29. 869
29. S07
29. 876
29. 649
29- ^11
29. 959
29. 970
29-713
29- 834
29. 829
29. 618
757-77
757- 64
752- 28
I'd)., I-IO
l''el)., 11-20
Feb., 21-28, 20.
29. 774
29. 564
30- 047
29. 801
29. 693
29. 772
29.613
29- 433
29- 757
29. 729
29. 563
29- 859
755- "o
750. 89
758-41
Mar., I-IO
Mar., 11-20
Mar., 21-31
30.069
30. 025
30. 218
29. 637
30.009
29. 584
30.160
29. 840
30- i37
29- 9Sj
29- 958
29. 980
;.6o.87
761. 92
761.^8
Apr., I-IO
Apr., 11-20
Apr., 21-30
30. 291
30- 407
30- 283
30.119
30.124
30. 208
29. 692
30. 056
30- 39 «
30- 034
30. 196
30. 294
762. 85
766. 96
769.45
Mny, i-io
May, 11-20
May, 21-31
30.031
30.119
29. 761
30. 121
29- 937
30- ni
30. 321
30.016
29.699
30. 158
30. 024
29. 865
766.00
762. 59
758- 56
June, I-IO
June, 11-20
June, 21-30....
29. 781
29. 868
29- 754
30. 050
29. 740
29. 999
29. 608
29- 953
29.919
29-813
29- 854
29.891
757- 24
758- 28
759- 22
July, I-IO
July, 11-20
July, 21-31
29. 730
29.651
29. 424
29. 925
29. 637
29. 59 «
29- 893
20,838
2j. 864
29. 849
29.709
29. 626
758- IS
754-60
752.42
ANNUAL MEAN PRESSURE.
The annual mean pressure at Fort Conger was 29.886 (759.09""") in 1875-76; 29.845 (758.05""") in i88i-'82; 29.903
(759-53""") '" 1882-83, '•"'' 'It I'olaris Bay, 29.970 (761.22"'"") in 1871-72, making a grand mean of 29,901 (759.48""'").
Tiicse means show a regularity in the pressure frojn year to year, which, wliile rather surprising considering the extraor-
dinary accidental changes, gives goad reasons for believing that this grand mean is practically the normal.
Through the courtesy of Mr. A. F. W. Paul'^en, chief of the International Danish Expedition, it is learned that the
mean ])rL'ssure at Ivigtut, 61° N., 48° W., for 18 years was 29.666 (753 50" ); at Jacobshavn, 69° N., 51° W., for t8 years,
29-749 (TSS-f"""'"'); at Godthaab, 64° N., 52° W., for 18 years, 2;.682 (753.91'"""), and at Upernivik, 73° N., 56° VV,, for 9
years, 29.784 (756.50"""),
01)servations collated and herewith published (Table No. 34) show that the mean annual pressure in the vicinity of
Littleton Island, 79° N., 73 W°., deduced from six years' observations, is 29.787 (756.58'"'").
-'82; 29.903
I.48""")-
the extraor-
\ed that the
for i8 yearF,
;6° W., for 9
le vicinity of
I \-''\
m
Ml]
I f!
tt
ANNUAL FI,UCTl\\TI()N OF ATMOSIMIKIfK ' PK'KSSIIM:
MON'IIII.V MKANS.
OlIAKT 1.
A1{EAS OF MAXIMTM
/
I
/
/
/ s\
's4^
Note. — Motitlis douljly uiKli^rscornd iiidiVato iiiaximinn mean of tlie }'Oiir, siiij:>-ly under-
scored indicate .^(■(•(•(lulai'y inaxinium mean of the voar.
H Mis 393 40 1
^11 ART 1.
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/
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iiuler-
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ANNUM. I'l.LCTlJATloN oF A rVloSI'IIKK'lc I'KKSSrWK AWKAS oK MAXIMUM
MON'IIIIA' MKANS.
I'e/jrufjr/j
Jarnu^
Note. — Months doubly uiidorscored - indicate nuiximiim mean of tlie year, singly undor-
Pfdiud indicate seQcnidar^ niaxiuiiiin nuvui iif (he vww,
H Mis 393 49 I
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ANNUAL FLUCTUATION OF ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE. AREAS OF iMINIMUM
MONTHLY M]:ANS.
in
?1 ii
/
/
\
/
/
/
\
\
\
^
/
/
/
Ua.7%-u,a,rtf
Oeptem.'heT I
\
*V Oc io h
e. r
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y
Note. — Montli.s doubly underscored -:::- indicate minimum njean of the year, singly under-
scored indicate secondary minimum mean of the year.
H. Mis 393 49 1
IIM
ANNUAL FLUCTUATION OF ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURK.
MONTHLY MEANS.
Chart 4.
AREAS OF MINIMUM
C/lt4,qu.siy
\\\
;! '.l-:
i' !■
G^pT-i I ^^.
Note. — Months doubly underscored - indicate minimum mean of tlio year, singly under-
scored indicate secondary minimum mean of tlie year.
H Mis 393 49 1
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
157
These figures indicate that along the west coast of Greenland the atmospheric pressure increases from Ivigtut to Uper-
nivik at the rate of o.oio inch (0.254'""') for each degree of latitude, and from Upernivikto Fort Conger, o.oi inch (0.254""")
for each degree.
Along the west coast of Davis Strait the decrease for each degree of latitude from Cumberland Gulf, 66° N., 67° W., to
Fort Conger is about .011 inch (0.279""").
The line cf no increase possibly falls slightly to the westward of Cumberland Gulf, as the observations in IJootiiia I'clix
show a slightly higher mean than ])revails at Fort Conger. This goes far to finally disprove the theory so long advanced
that the region in the vicinity of the pole is covered by a permanent barometric depression. While such a condition of afVairs
probably obtains in the vicinity of the south pole, it has been very evident of late years to all meteorologists that the markeil
barometric depressions of the Northern Hemisphere are to be found over the Greenland and Uehring Seas.
ANNUAL FLUCTUATION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.
In connection with the fluctuation of pressure from month to month, an examination of extensive Arctic data, while yet
at Fort Conger, was quite conclusive as to the persistency and regularity of a double annual curve.
The careful, systematic reductions by the British meteorological office, as given to the world in the admirable contri-
butions to the meteorology of the Arctic regions, has rendered possible the confident use of somewhat uncertain, and, in a
few cases, of previously inaccessible data. An examination of the barometric pressure for different years, at widely separated
Arctic stations, disclosed such similarity in the annual curves as seemed to justify the consolidation of the data from adjacent
stations for a series of years.
The data herewith presented (Table No. 34) shows for itself that the same tyi)e of annual curve prevails in Arctic
America and Northern Greenland. In Southern Greenland, as will be seen from Mr. Paulsen's annual curves for West Green-
land stations, the November maximum is less accentuated than elsewhere. All Greenland, however, as well as the Norwegian
Sea region, is covered by a secondary maximum more or less marked in November.
The law governing the periodicity of atmospheric pre.ssure through the year has never been outlined for the entire
Northern Hemisphere, save in the expression that winter pressures are greater tiian those of summer — a statement which, if
generally, is not universally true. Mohn, Hahn, Buchan, and others have, however, shown the annual lluctuations for certain
parts cf the globe with great care and accuracy.
In tabulating such observations as were accessible with the view of determining generally the atmospheric changes in
the Arctic circle, I found myself led gradually to an examination of the atmospheric pressure over the whole of the Northern
Hemisphere.
The outcome of such labor, the extent and difficulty of which few besides meteorologists can appreciate, was the
surprising discovery — if discovery it be — of regular and periodic changes from month to month, which naturally are more or
less masked by the great accidental atmospheric variations attendant on storms.
In connection herewith will be found four maps of the Northern Hemisphere (Nos. i, 2, 3, and 4), on which have been
plotted as accurately as possible the areas covered by the crests and troughs of the annual atmosi)heric waves, as shown bv
monthly mean pressures.
Though eventually there is no doubt one simple law, more or less dependent on the relative position of the earth and
sun, will be found underlying, yet at present the data available seems to permit of no such expression.
The annual oscillation of the barometer at Fort Conger was clearly defined, and coincides with that already deduced from
the observations of all the expeditions in Arctic America within the present century. As this marked and peculiar oscillation
doubtless obtains at the north geographical pole, it is styled the Polar type.
The principal maximum of April gives rapidly way to the deepest mininunn of July, to be followe<l by another well-marked
and complete wave, the crest of which appears in November and tiic trough in January.
The second type is called American, although it apparently obtains in F.urope and Northern Africa, where it is modified by
the grand Polar type. The princi|)al and single maximum of January gives way to a deep and strongly marked depression in April.
The Asiatic type in that particular, like the American, consists of a single annual wave. The crest covering India and
the valley of the Jenisei in December is not simultaneous for all Asia, but, apparently, moves eastward, reaching the Pacific;
coastin February. The minimum pressure, occurring over the greater part of .Asia in July, also prevails a month earlier in India.
From the observations at Honolulu, Hawaii, in connection with those in the neighborhood of the .Aleutian Islands, it
seems possible to add a fourth type, the Alaskan. The June or July maximum wanes to a January minimum when not
com])licated by the advance of the Asiatic wave eastward in February.
The grand polar maximum covers, in April, Arctic America between the 60th and 120th meridians, and apparently
extends eastward near the pole to the vicinity of Franz Josef Land. In this same month the principal minimum occurs
between the 40th and 50th parallels from 100° W. to 30° E. longitude.
r, • 'JIM
!i
158
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
In May the maximum moving southeastward covers Southern Greenland and the Scandinavian peninsula with the inter-
vening seas. The minimum for the year occurs at the same time over the Gulf of Mexico and part of the Spanish peninsula.
In June the high area moves still southward, covering Algeria as a secondary maximum. Scattered stations from the
equator to 20° north in South America, the Azore, Canary, and Cape Verde Islands, and in Western Africa, leave it uncertain
whether the principal maximum occurs in June or its coming is retarded until July. In June the deepest depression of the
year occurs over India and the northwest portion of the United States.
July is marked by the principal minimum of the Northern Hemisphere, which includes all Asia north of the 30th parallel
and to the eastward of the 150th meridian. This barometric trough evidently projects itself across the pole, as the principal
minimum likewise occurs in July throughout Grinnell Land and a part of the Parry Archipelago.
In August, whether moving eastward or not with the general atmospheric circulation, the principal minimum is found
covering Arctic America as well as the Pacific coast region of United States. Meanwhile a secondary minimum occurs over
the Mediterranean region.
From July the pressure steadily increases over the north Polar regions, reaching a secondary maximum in November
(over almost identically the same region that was covered by the principal maximum in May) prevailing in Arctic America,
Greenland, the Norwegian Sea, and the northern part of the British Isles. Strangely enough, at the same time the principal
mimimum for the year occurs as a narrow belt extending from the southern Scandinavian peninsula southwestward to the Azores.
The principal maximum for the year also occurs in November over the Plateau and North Pacific regions of the United States.
These high areas seemingly move southeastward, for the pressure increases over the eastern half of the United States, the
Gulf of Mexico, the West India Islands, and Bermuda to the principal maximum in January.
In December occurs the. principal pressure over parts of Western Germany, Austria, and European Russia, and in all
Asia eastward of tiic 8sth meridian except the extreme southern part of India.
It would ap|>uar that the polar wave in its southeastward movement is more or less divided and diverted by the various
mountain ranges of Europe, so that a part moving southward forms the principal pressure over the Mediterranean region and
Egypt in January, while a portion passing to the eastward covers China, Siam, Southern India, and the Indian Ocean.
There seems to be some analogy between the quite regular movement of these two high polar areas and the high areas
which give rise to the cold waves in the United States. The local high areas last referred to evidently originate in Arctic
America through radiation over the interior of America during the long PoLar night.
The investigations of First Lieut. Thomas M. Woodruff, U. S. A., show that nine-tenths of these areas move directly
east or southeast. Without doubt the southerly component in their direction depends upon the fact, mathematically demon-
strated by Professor Ferrel, that the diurnal movement of the earth causes a deflection to the right in the Northern Hemisphere.
It is to be noted that the observations here collated (Table No. 34) indicate the general formation of the maximum Polar
pressures within the confines of the Arctic circle, alter which a generally easterly motion is inaugurated. Deflected to the
right in accordance with the pcinciples laid down by Ferrel, their course undergoes other changes dependent evidently upon
other causes, but also in a measure upon the configuration of the earth's surface over which they pass.
The Ural and Caucasian mountains, as well as the ranges to the southward of Siberia, seem to notably affect the onward
march of these Polar areas. Not only is this evidenced by the fact of a single Asiatic wave annually, but also by the move-
ment of the November Polar wave already mentioned, a considerable ])ortion of which moves southward into Africa without
afliecting any part of Asia except the Caucasian region.
That a general easterly movement is inaugurated in connection with the polar areas seems evident, not only from the
course charted, but also from the fact that the maximum pressures around the Behring Strait region occurs in February and
Moich, and so is presumably either a remnant of the November wave or the beginning of the April one.
At all events the Arctic circle is the only zone in which an area of high pressure exists from May to November, inclusive.
There seems to be no constant relation between the areas of maximum pressure and the general depression, nor any
continuously decided movement of these depressions after once formed.
The principal minimum for the year, the Asiatic depression of July, is notable from the fact that it is situated substantially
in the center of the great land areas, while in January we find other depressions covering the North Atlantic and North Pacific
Oceans.
It is evident that these charts and deductions must be considered crude and unsatisfactory presentations of this
complex problem of the annual movement of the atmosphere. Both health and time have failed for more careful collation of
the data, or further analysis of the problem. This collation of data and the charts form, it is hoped, a skeleton groundwork
on which otiier meteorologists, better trained and situated, may build.
The conviction that at no distant day the general laws of atmospheric changes will be established, and later, the general
character of seasons be predicted through abnormal departures in remote regions, causes this work to be made public, even in
its unsatisfactory condition, in the hope that it may contribute somewhat to that great end.
THE LA.DY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
159
Table XXXIV. — Mean monthly pressure ai various Arctic stations.
(The following are the authorities in part for these tables in question. The greater part of those not specified in this list have been drawn Irom
the excellent Zeitschrift der Osterreichischen Geiellschaft fUr Meteorologie, Wien, and the Annalen des physikalischen Central-Observatorium, St.
Petersburg.)
Station.
North Unst .
Culloden, 104 feet .
Jan Mayen
Sabine Island
Ivigtut .. .
Jacobshavn .
(iodthaab .. .
Upemivik ..
Drift of the Fox
Klorberg Beach {/Llerl) .
Polaris Bay. .
Discovery Harbor . .
Fort Conger, G. L :.
Fouike Fiord
North Star Bay
1'ol.iris House
Rensselaer Harbor
Camp Clay
Igloolik
Winter Island
Repulse Bay
Port Bowen
Port Leopold .
IJeechey Island
Marble Island ...
Gulf of Boothia
Port Kennedy
Wellington Channel
Griffith Island _
Northumberland Sound.
Melville Sound
Cambridge Bay
Dealy Island
Winter Harbor
Princess Koyal Island ..
Walker Bay
Mercy Bay
Sitka
Camden Bay
Point Barrow (Ooglaamie) .
Fort Alexander
.St. Michael's..
Unalaska
St. Paul's Island
Years.
(
20
1 86 1 -'80)
40
l84l-'8o)
•13
I
18
18
18
9
•8
•10
»8
»8
Latitude
north.
H
^'A
H
5
2
4
10
9
Of//
60 48 00
57 29 00
70 58 oa
74 32 00
61 12 00
69 13.2
64 \o 48
72 47S
75 30 00
82 27 00
81 38 00
81 44 00
81 44 00
70 19 00
76 34 00
78 18 00
78 37 00
78 54 00
69 21 00
66 II 00
66 32 00
73 «3 00
73 50 00
74 43 00
62 33 c»
70 00 00
72 01 00
75 31 00
74 34 00
76 52 00
74 41 34
69 03 00
74 56 25
74 47 00
72 47 00
71 35 00
74 06 00
57 02 52
70 08 00
71 16 00
58 57 00
63 28 00
53 52-6
57 09 00
• Months.
Longitude
west.
o / //
I 00 00
4 08 00
8 35 00
18 49 00
48 10.5
51 02 00
51 43 30
55 535
69 10 00
61 18 00
61 44 00
64 45 00
64 45 00
66 c» 00
68 45 00
70 21 00
70 40 00
74 30 00 ?
81 S3 00
83 10 00
86 56 00
88 55 00
90 12 00
91 54 00
91 06 00
92 00 00
94 14 00
92 22 00
95 20 00
97 00 00
loi 22 06
105 12 00
108 48 33
no 48 00
117 35 00
117 39 00
117 55 00
'35 «9 3'
145 29 00
156 40 00
158 18 00
161 48 00
166 31.6
170 18 00
Source of information.
Journal Scottish Met. Soc. No. 2, 1885.
Lieut. E. Wolhgemuth.
Captain Karl Koldeway.
Expid. Dannisc. Ob. a Godthaab.
British Contributions, pait 2.
Results Arctic Expedition, l875-'76, Nares.
Bessels' Die Amer. N. Pol. Exp.
Results Arctic Expedition, 1875-76, Nares.
Lieut. A. W. Greely.
Schott's Discussions.
British Contributions, part 3.
Bessel's Die Amer. N. Pol. Exp.
.Schott's Discussions.
Lieut. A. W. Greely.
British Contributions, part 3.
Do.
British Contributions, part I.
British Contributions, part 3.
Do.
British Contributions, part 4.
Capt. O. B. Borden, schooner Abbie Bradford.
British Contributions, part 2.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
British Contril)utions, part 4.
British Contributions, part 3.
British Contributions, part 4.
British Contributions, ])art 3.
British Contributions, part 4.
British Contributions, part 3.
British Contributions, part 4.
Records, Office Chief Signal Officer.
British Contributions, part 3.
Lieut P. H. Ray.
Records, Office Chief Signal Ofllcer.
Do.
Do.
Do.
'li
160
THJi LADY FUANKLIN IJAY KXrKDlTlON.
VICINITY OK 1.HTLKTON ISLAND.
Station.
Year.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May.
June.
July.
Aug.
ao- 775
Sept.
89.766
Oct.
39-605
Nov.
Dec.
North Star Bay...
Steamer Isal)el
Rensselaer Har-
bor
1849
1850
1851
1853
1854
185s
1859
i860
1861
1872
1873
1883
1884
39. 828
29.669
29- 845
29- 37 •
29. 998
29.716
29- 834
29. (126 29. 599
•29. 55'
I29- 73"]
29.689
1
29. 662
29. 645
29.815
29. 686
29-7'3
29- 792
29. 821
29. 675
Steamer Fox' ...
Foulke Kiord
Tolaris House
Camp Clay
Means
29- 458
30. 089
29. 654
30- 032
29- 793
29. 693
29. 977
29. 820
29- 937
29.714
29- 736
••29.571
• 29. fHj5
'29. 840
29. 727
29. 6S4
29.751
29.618
29. 650
30.087
29- 565
30- 032
. ...
29- 834
29- 747
29.816
30. 058
29.985 29.678 I 29.691
29- 929
29. 858
29. 683
29.90J
29. 799
30. 219
30.049 » 29. 711
29. 810
29. 748
1130. 04c
29.803
29- 903
29. 832
29.712
29. 823
30- '39
'30. 121
29.790
756.6
29- 736
755-3
29. 820
757-4
29. 988
761.7
29.977 29.680 29.675
761.4 7<^. 0 751.7
29. 722
754.9
29- 705
754-5
29- 734
755-2
29. 829
757-6
29.789
756.6
Means in millime-
ters
• Knri4 ilav> Irom .Vdmiral InKlctit-ld*!! ° Kniin .Vdmiriil l.en|iol<l MuClinlock's ' Kor 11 ilavs north iif ihc 75th |)*rallel. ' Kor »> itnys.
■ihservaiioiis mirth u[ the 74tli iwral- iiliscrvatioiis iiurth uf 74th iHirallcl. < Kur n ilays twivvL-uii Littlutuii Island 'Koraadays.
let. *iKurisdnvH, and Cain: Vurk. *
'From Kane's Narrative. •Kur7days.
KORT CONGER.
it^'
Tolaris Hay 1S71
Do ...I 1872
Discovery Harbor.
Do .. ..
Fort Conger
Do
Do
Means
Means in millime-
ters
'875
1876
1881
1882
1883
29. 77t
29- 675
29.717
29- 875
29. 760
755-9
29. 891
29-994
29- 754
29.590
3<x 1^7 I 30. 203 30 030 I 29. 857 29. 786 29. 989
1 ! I 29.777
29. 931 I 29. 801 29. 596' 29. 720
' I •29.841
30. 130 ' 29. 929 29. 714 29. 810
30. 100
29- 738
30.049
30. 327
30. 151
30. 047 j 39. 002 29. 827 29. 865
29-983
29- 705
29. 802
29. 741
29.807
757-'
30.018
762.4
30. 182 30. 023 I 29. 854 29. 740 29. S27
i I i
766.6 762.6 758.3 '755.4 757-6
29.808
757- «
29. 966
29. 981
29.890
29.904
29- 935
760.3
I
30.229 29. 751
30.194 29.647
29. 760 I 29. 709
29.958 30.134
30.039 39.810
762. 9 '757. 2
* For 34 days.
H. M.S. ALEKT.
Flocberg Bcacli". ,
Means . .
1S75
1876
20. 670
29. 948
30. 153
29. 615
29. 606
29. 606
752.0
29. 981
29. 981
761.5
30. 096
30.096
764-4
30. 299
29.915
29. S02
29. 599
29. 599
751.8
29.716
29.716
754.8
29.948
760.7
30- 153
765.9
29.615
752.2
30. 299
769.6
29.915
759-8
29.802
757- 0
29. 679
753-8
.Means in millime-
ters
• H. M. S. Alrrt't winter i|uBrters.
Winter Harbor...
I'rincess Roy,-il
Island
Walker Hay
Mercy liay
Dealy Island''
Melville Sound''..
Means
Means in millime-
ters.
1.S19
1S20
1850
1851
1S51
1852
1851
1852
'853
1852
1853
'853
1854
20. QOO
29. 810
29.940
29.860
30, oSo
29. 770
29. 800
29. 9S0
30. 1 10
29. 820
29. 670
29- 730
29- 925
29. 813
30.040
29- 939
30. 006
30.041
30. 103
30.082
29. 875
29- 799
29- 9'4
29-943
•29- 932
29. 863
30.090
30.112
29. 902
29. 854
30. 164
30- 027
30.005
29. Si 5
29. 756
29. 852
29- 942
30.044
30. 165
30. 028
30. lOI
29. 983
29. 902
29.802
29.871
30. 138
30- '74
30. 101
30. 118
30. 123
30.044
'•30. 112
29.816
29.771
29. 875
29- 859
29. 840
29. 970
30.080
29. 940
29. 750
30. 120
30. 100
30. no
30.065
29. 825
29. 630
29. 705
29. 820
29. 810
29.815
29. 840
29. 680
29- 755
29. 885
30. 010
29. 990
763.0
29. 865
758.6
29.931
760.2
30. 038
763-0
30.067
763-7
30.068
763.7
29. 830
757-7
29. 725
755- 0
29-815
757-3
29- 879
758.9
29.909
759-7
29. 983
761. s
•■ Kor 18 days.
* Vox » days.
■ Mean of Resolute and Intrepid.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
161
SUtion.
Year.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May.
June.
July.
Aug.
Sept.
29- 730
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Igloolik
1832
'823
1839
1830
1831
1832
,852
1859
29.500
39- 830
39.710
39.590
Boothia (Julf
Cambridge Bay...
Port Kennedy
Means
29. 750
39.840
30.030
29. 970
39. 910
29- 930
29- 530
•39.683
30.037
30.114
39.896
30.083
29- 777
29.692
30.129
29.644
30. '17
29. 072
29. 859
30. 01 1
29-903
^9-984
3"- 003
29- 977
30.004
30. 342
30.040
30. 105
29- 942
39.860
29.930
29. 859
39. 856
29-834
29.815
39.889
•"so. 036
.29-497
29 950
30. 01 1
39. 929
39.801
'29."972
29. 9S2
30- 056
30.01'
30.031
29.807
39. 67s
''29- 715
• 30. 002
29- 793
30.044
29.865
29.934
30 i"3
30. 170
30.001
39.903
29.695
'20. 6(2
29. S31
757-7
29.944
760.6
30. 024
762.7
30.024
762.7
30.045
763-1
29. 937
760.4
29- 736
755-3
39. 729
755- «
39.803
757- 0
29-893
759-3
39.940
760.5
29- 857
758.3
Means in milli-
meters
• For a4 daya.
' Kor i6 days.
• For 8 days.
' For 14 Jays.
•For 16 days.
' Kor 8 days.
Jvigtut, 61" 12' \
N.,48'lo.5'W. /
1 886-1
1883
,/ 29- 40 29.48
\746.8 748.8
29.68
753-9
29-76
755-9
29.83
757-7
1 29-77
756- 1
29.78
1756-4
29-78
756-4
; 29-73
755- «
29-65
753-1
29.67
753- 6
29-48
748.8
^ Means.
^Ithaab, 64' 1 i ,ae--
io/48"N..5i<'[| °|?-
43'3o"W. j:'**3
b/ 29.45
I 748.0
39.
749-
29.71
754-6
29-79
756-6
I 29.85
1758. 3
29-78 I 29-77
756. 4 !756. 1
39.78
756.4
39.72
754-9
29.65
753- «
29.67
753-6
^ Means.
Jacobshavn, 69°
I3'.3 N., 51°
3'W.
i866-
1883
h/ 29-57
•\75'-«
29.66
753-4
29 82
757-4
29.89
759-2
29.90
759-4
29-79
756-6
29-76
755-9
-9.79
756.6
39.74
755-4
29-72
754-9
29-75
755-6
29.51
749-5
29.60
7SI-8
*• Means.
Upernivik, 72")
47'-5 N., 55» [
53'-5 W. J
1875-
1883
h f 29-60
\7Si-8
29.69
754-1
29-87
758-7
29-98
761.7
29.93
760.0
39.84
757-9
29-78
756-4
39.81
757-2
29.74
755-4
29-75
755-6
29.75
755-6
29.69
754-1
* Means.
Port Bowen
Port Leopold
Griffith Island
Northumberland
S*>und.
Wellington Chan-
nel.
Beechy Island
Means
1824
1825
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
"853
«8S3
1854
1852
'853
1854
29.689
29.962
29.899
29.869
29. 762
29-887
30. 108
30.068
30-051
29.889
29. 817
29.683
29- 738
29.840
29.845
29-693
29.817
29- 833
29.906
29- 958
29. 988
29- 838
39.671
29.680
•29. 684
29.946
29.911
29. 839
29- 732
29. 832
29.847
30- 077
29.994
29. 985
29.805
»29. 870
29. 778
29- 939
30.047
29. 886
29.696
30. 050
30.079
30. 022
29. 910
29.715
29. 610
29. 658
29- 741
29- 7\,i
29. 721
29. 810
29. 614
39.716
29- 837
30.005
29. 980
29- 756
29. 638
'29.730
29- 74"
29.882
••29. 801
29.885
29.965
29.911
30-093
29. 823
29. 91S
29.900
29.903
29.760
30- 195
29. 84R
30- 341
29. 926
30. 335
30.094
30. 341
30-057
30. 163
29. 855
29.997
29-744
29- 755
755-8
29.907
759-6
30.006
762. 1
30.080
764.0
30.046
763.2
29.886
759-1
29- 755
755-8
29- 745
755-5
29-768
756- «
29.908
759.6
29-905
759.6
29-845
758-1
Means in milli-
meters
■ Pot 19 days.
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 —
^for lodayi,
rFortidayi.
' For «7 days,
-11
162
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
ill '
Station.
Winter Island..
Repulse Bay .„.,
Marble Island. .
Means
Means in milli-
meters ,.
Year.
1S21
1822
1846
1847
1884
1885
Jan.
29.790
29- 794
29- 757
29.780
756. 40
Feb.
29.590
30- '49
30. 12s
29- 955
760.8s
Mar.
29. 690
30. '74
30.069
29. 978
761.42
Apr.
29. 740
30- '3«
29. 936
760.36
May.
29. 830
30.093
29.961
761.00
June.
29. 720
"29. 732
39. 916
29.805
75704
July.
29- 530
29. 931
Aug.
29.700
29.688 i "29. 593
29-7'3
754- 70
29. 676
753-75
Sept.
39.880
39.897
Oct.
29. 720
•29.860
29.865
Nov.
39.980
29. 931
29- 854
29. 888
759- '4
29. 808 j 29. 923
757. 1 1 760. 00
Dec.
29. 760
30.060
29.891
29.903
759- S3
For 19 days.
* For II days
• For 9 days.
Culloden (eleva-
tion 104 feet),
570 29' N.. 4°
1841-
1880
b/ 29.591
l75'-6
39. 676
753-8
29. 705
754-5
29. 764
756.0
29. 818
757- 4
29- 779
756.4
29- 752
755-7
29- 737
755-3
29- 750
755-6
29- 637
752.7
29. 689
754-1
29.648
753- 0
'Means.
Sabine Island
Jan Mayen
Means
1869
1870
1882
1883
760.6
758- 40
758.6
756-0
756.9
756-5
761-4
766.2
758.6
758.8
759-9
754-6
754-0
760.8
754-0
752-8
756.4
752.1
759-2
747-0
744.0
761.4
755-9
756.5
760.4
751.8
29-599
752.7
29- 634
763.8
30.071
757-2
29. 812
757-6
29. 827
760.2
29- 930
756-5
29.784
757-3
29.815
755-6
29- 749
757-5
29. 823
754.0
29.686
758-0
29-843
Means in milli-
meters
North Unst .
-{
1861-
1880
b/ 29.654
1753- 2
29. 697
754-3
29. 740
755-4
29. 863
758-5
29.VJ07
759-6
29. 892
759-2
29- 833
757-8
29. 820
757-4
29- 767
756.1
29.712
754-7
29- 730
755-1
29. 693
754-2
' Means.
H. M. S. B/ossom
(north of 66th
parallel)
Camden Bay
Point Barrow
Mean!« ...
1826
Is"
1881
1882
1883
■29.896
29. 732
29.714
<:29. 891
"29. 521
29. 879
30.301 1 29.801
30. 120
29- 989
29. 981
29.866
29.827
29- 854
29. 836
"29- 758
29. 898
29.S94
29. 828
29. 858
30.118
29. 836
29. 965
29- 72s
30. 218
30. 070
30. 028
29.980
30.027
30.080
29. 881
29.880
29. 941
29.804
29. 883
29. Si I
•29. 763
29.812
29- 974
761.3
29- 977
761.4
30. 026
762.6
29. 958
760.9
29. 929
760.2
29.892
759-2
29-847
758.1
29. 769
756.1
29.790
756.6
29.808
757-1
30.008
762.2
29. 926
760.1
Means in milli-
meters
• For 1 1 days.
►For IS days.
■For 16 days.
' For 14 days.
• For 37 days.
St. Michael's,'
63° 28'
48' W.
chad's,' )
N-'6'°[j ,
874- Lf 29.777
'885 \756.3
39.996
761.9
39. 889
759-2
39. 861
758.5
39.810 j 39. S38 I 39.863
757-2 i757-9 758-5
29-799
756.9
29- 703
754- S
29- 725
755- o
29- 751
7SS-7
29- 813
757-2
a
For II years, from July 1, 1874, to June 30, 1
885.
'Means.
Fort Alexander ..
Means .
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
30. 026
29. 788
29. 840
29.651
29- 837
29. 561
29- 733
29. 543
29. 659
29.509
29. 636
29.571
29. 768
30- 243
30. 078
29- 703
30.011
29. 670
29. 879
29. 666
29.808
«29. 878
>>29. 942
29.905
29. 892
29. 887
29. 794
29- 775
29.684
39.446
39. 882
29. 669
29. 762
29-to3
29. 708
29. 782
29. 625
752.5
29.924
760.0
29. 861
758. 5
29- 796
756.8
29. 776
756.3
29- 87s
758-8
'«9- 593
75'-6
29.869
758.7
29- 755
755-8
29.694
754-2
29- 574
751-2
29.683
753-9
-
Means in milli-
meters
* For 19 days.
■■ For 16 days.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
163
SUtion.
Year.
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1878
1879
1881
1882
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May.
June.
July.
Aug.
Sept.
Oct,
111. (12
Nov.
29. 458
29. 492
29. 548
30. 184
Dec.
29.488
29.442
29. 374
»9. 9.U
St. I'aul's Island,
so" 9' N., 170°
18' W.
Means ...
29. 771
29- 953
29. 546
29, 681
29. 630
29. 507
29- 734
29.411
3004s
29. 768
29. 862
29. 934
30. 1 1 1
29.769
29. 702
30. 03s
29. 856
29. 827
29. 735
29- 749
29. 641
29-711
29.905
29. 814
29. 672
29.711
29. 799
29. 934 ' 29. 894
29.880 1 29.917
29.911 29.789
20. 700 2a. (X>7
2q. 588 29. 326
29. 704 29. 638
29. 725 29. 58s
29.819 1 29.689 29.777
29. 654
29. 68s
29- 193
29.404
29. 528
30. 010
29- 546
29.687
29. 80s 1 29. 965 29. 950 1 29. 704
29.806 1 29.830 29.894 i 29.671
29.660
29- 575
29. 648
29. 470
29.648
=9.712
29- 346
29. 832
30. 077
30.047
29. 885
29. 614
29. 756
755-8
29. 883
759. 0
29.849
758.2
29- 779
756.4
29. 775 ! 20. 8«8 20. 87« 20. 688
29.569
7SI.O
29. 570
751- 1
29.571
751. 1
Means in milli-
mettrs
756.3
7(8.4 7«8. 8 liA. I
Sitka,S7»3'N.,1
I3S'I9'-5W. /
1881
1886
J 29.86s
\ 758. 56
29.799
756. 88
29. 872
758. 73
29.878 29.915
758.88 759.83
1
29. 928 ' 30. 040 29. 978
760.15 763.00 761.42
29. 834 29. 780
757- 77 756. 40
29. 701
754. 45
29. 679
753.83
' Means.
Unalaska, 53° 1
S2'.6 N., 166"
3l'.6W. J
(•)
,/ 29.562
1 750. 9
29. 654
753.2
29.658
753-3
29- 703
754-4
29. 701
75'. 9
29. 764
756.0
29. 829 29. 836 ' 29. 665
757.6 757.8 ,753.5
29- 575
751.2
I 29.568
!75"-o
29- 637
752.8
•For tiiiycun.
'Means.
Honolulu, 21" 18'
N..iS7''SS'W.
Means
Means in milli-
meters
1875
1876
1877
1883
1884
1885
1886
30. 010
30.040
30. 037
30.012
30. 025
762.6
30. 027
30.080
30. 1 10
29- 958
30. 051
30-045
763-1
30. 1 10
30. 030
30. 076
3°. 077
30. "3
30.081
764.0
30.068 30. 146
30.113 30.138 1 30. 137
30. 163 r 30. no 30. 180
30.031 j 30.073
30.03s !
30.082 30.117
764.1 765.0
30.097
30. 138
765-5
30. 109
30. 164
30.080
30.118
765.0
30.080
30-134
30.087
30.042
30.000
30.069
763-7
30. 050
30. 070
30. 070
30. 052
30.060
763.5
30.075
30. 030
30- 053
30-057
30. 054
763.4
30.060
30. 027
29. 988
30. 128
30.051
763-3
30. 108
30.060
29- 93"
30. 100
30. 050
763-3
Locality.
G5rz
Bangkok
Bayreuth
Berlin
Trebizond
Breslau
Dresden
Rome.
Vienna
Prague ..
Czernowitz
Erfurt.
Altona Hamburg.
Lisbon ..
Brussels
Geneva ..
Cracow
Lyons
Oviedo
Santiago
Latitude. Longitude.
45 56
N.
13 38
N.
49 57
N.
52 3«
N.
41 I
N.
SI 7
N.
51 3
N.
41 .54
N.
48 14
N.
50 5
N.
48 17
N.
50 59
N.
S3 ^^
N.
38 43
N.
.SO 5«
N.
46 12
N.
SO 4
N.
45 45
N.
42 23
N.
42 S3
N.
o /
13 38 E.
100 27 E.
11 35 E.
13 23 E.
39 45 E.
17 00 E.
13 44 E.
12 28 E.
16 20 E.
14 26 E.
25 57 E.
II 2 E.
10 SO E.
9 8 W.
4 22 E.
6 9E.
19 57 E.
4 49 E.
5 52 W.
8 30 W.
No. of I
years.
Jan.
10
756.
10
761.
49
731-
.30
758.
2
760.
51
750.
lb
751.
26
763.
100
+ 1-
40
745-
:6
741-
20
744-
9
762.
20
757-
32
756.
50
727-
SO
743-
16
746.
18
742.
13
741.
o
6
4
.6
, I
.0
.3
.6»
.0
.6
I
■4
, 2
.6
.4
.8
■3
.8
, I
Feb.
754.4
760.4
731-9
757- S
761. 2
749.4
75'. 7
762.7
+0.9
744.0
741.8
745-0
762. 1
756-4
756.2
726.8
742.9
747-4
743-4
74'- 3
March.
April.
May.
June.
July.
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Mean.
752.6
751. 2
752. 3
75,V 3
753-'
752-9
754.4
753-9
752.4
753. 3
753-4
759.6 758.3
757-2
756.7
756.9
757-0
757-1
758.9
761.4
762.1
758.9
729.1 1729.6
730.1
73'-'
73'- 6
73'- 4
732.4
73'- 6
730.6
731-0
731-0
755- 5 756. '
7S6.8
757-2
756.9
7.57- 0
758.0
757-2
756.5
757-8
757- 0
761.0
760.5
760.9
759-6
759-2
759-2
760.7
764.1
764.0
763.1
761.2
747-9
747-4
748.0
748.3
748.4
748.6
749.7
749-4
748.7
750.1
748.8
747-9
750. 4
750.3
750.6
750.6
750- 7
7S'-7
750.9
750.0
75'-3
750.6
760.5
761.2
761. 2
76'. 5
762.5
761.7
763-1
762.4
761.0
761.7
761.9
—0.8
—1.6
-'•7
—0.6
-0.5
0.0
+0.9
+0.7
+0.2
+0.9*
742.3
742.1
742. 5
743- 3
743-4
743-6
744-8
743-7
743.6
745-2
743-6
738.'
737-0
737-6
7.37- 5
737-8
737-9
739-3
740.6
738.9
738.4
738.9
741.9
743- I
743-4
744-4
744.3
744.0
744-8
744.0
743.5
744.6
743-9
760.0
760.7
760.9
761. 5
76'. 3
760.8
760. 1
759-5
758.7
759-6
760.6
753-9
754-2
753-5
755-2
755- 2
754- 6
755- 0
754-3
754.3
756.7
755- 0
756.2
755-2
755-8
756.4
756.7
756- 5
756.7
755-2
754-9
757-6
756.2
725.0
724.8
725- 2
727.2
727.6
727-7
727.6
726.5
725.8
728.0
726.6
74'- 1
740.8
741-4
742.0
742.1
742.4
743.8
743- S
742.7
743-8
742.5
742.9
744-6
744-0
745-7
745-9
745-4
746.1
745.6
745.3
746.8
745. 5
741.8
741-7
740.9
743-7
744-5
743-8
743-2
742.6
74'. 3
742.9
742.7
738.2
737-6
737-2
739-9
740.5
740.1
739-4
739-0
738.4
739-8
739-4
* DeptTturf s Id millimeters from annual mean.
164
TUK LADY FBANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Bi f • l\
i^p.
i
Locality.
Latitude. | Lon|{iludc.
Ilndvnbach
Innsliruck
(iiliraltar
.San Kcrnaixiu . . .
.SaragcisM .,
Vallaclolld
L<:i|>/i(; . ...
Murcia
Tricst
Nice
Ciuarda. ..
Athens
ArvaVaralja...
Uatschitz
Upsala
I'au .
Oxford.
Zi-ka-wei
Kreinsmiinsler . .
Singapore
liozcn
Hudapest . .
Praia Santiago
Katibor
KOninsberg .
Madrid
Ladb
It.irnuul .
Krasnojarsk
Irkutsk
Nertscliinsk
Jerns.-ilvm
Greenwich
Copcnhaj;cn
Aberdeen
Mandal
.Skudisiies
liergei.
Aalesund
Christiansund
Haparanda
Alten.
Hainmcrfest
Tenerifie .......
Ilanau
Oporto
Campo Major
Lagos
Angra .
Ponta Delgada . .
Funchal
St.MartindeHinx
Pola
Ancona
Chur
Gondokoro
Khartoum
Kger ..!
Peking ..
Hakodadi !
Ajan
Sitka
I'ort .Said.
Ismailia..
Suez ..
Utrecht ..
Manila .
Tokio .
Constantino))le
Cairo
^;}
50 46 N.
47 16 N.
36 6N.
36 28 N.
41 39 N.
41 39 N.
51 20 N.
37 59 N.
45 39 N.
43 41 N.
40 jj N.
37 58 N.
49 16 N.
49 5 N'
59 52 N-
43 «7 N.
51 46 N.
3« 13 N.
48 3N.
I 17 N.
46 31 N.
47 30 N.
14 54 N.
50 6 N.
54 42 N.
40 25 N.
5 2N.
S3 20 N.
56 I N.
52 16 N.
51 19 N.
31 46V N
SI 28 N.
55 41 N'.
57 9N-
58 2N.
59 9N.
60 24 N.
62 29 N.
63 7N.
65 50 N.
69 57 N.
70 40 N.
28 12 N.
8N.
8N.
I N.
7 N.
38 36 N.
37 41 N.
32 38 N.
43 47 N-
44 52 N..
43 38 N.
46 5' N.
4 55 N.
15 36 N.
SO sN.
39 57 N-
41 47 N.
56 4N.
57 oN.
29 58 N.
52 sN.
•4 35 N-
35 4' N.
41 o N. I
29 59 N- I
50
4'
39
37
14 13 E.
1 1 23 K.
5 31 W.
6 12 W.
I 00 W.
447W.
30 E,
7 W.
47 K-
6E.
16 W.
33 43 E.
37 2E.
1 5 36 E.
17 38 E.
20 W.
1 16 w.
12 26 E.
14 8E.
103 SO E.
11 21 E.
19 3E.
23 3' W.
18 13 E.
20 30 E.
3 43 W.
31 50 E.
82 47 E.
92 53 E.
104 s E.
119 6 E.
35 «3 E.
o 00
12 3SE.
2 7W.
27 E.
16 E.
20 E.
9E.-
45 E.
24 II E.
23 2 E.
23 46 E.
16 21 W.
8 55 E.
8 37 W.
7 SW.
8 25 W.
27 IS W.
25 55 W.
16 55 VV.
11 7 VV.
13 51 E.
13 31 E.
9 31 E.
31 28 E.
32 36 E.
12 22 E.
116 29 E.
140 8 E.
138 4E.
13s oE.
32 34 E.
5 7E.
120 56 E.
139 47 K.
28 S9 E.
31 18 E.
No. of
yean.
46
40
•4
16
7
7
40
S
3i
14
9
3
20
8
18
15
25
8
40
I
28
16
5
32
32
10
I
«9
10
IS
18
|8>
II
II
II
8
8
8
8
8
TA
Jan.
750s
707- S
7''5-7
^(^. o
, 2
. 2
•9
•7
.0
.0
.6
•9
•5
. 2
I
■7
• 4
•3
Feb.
13
5
29
9
9
7
8
7
8
10
ID
S
IS
I
I
II
14
4;^
4
17
'{
30
8
7
6
10
746
703
751
761
760.
762,
<J7S
757
718.
720.
756,
743
754
771
729.2
760.9
738.4
751.0
758.9
744. 9
760. 2
708.3
718.0
+7-8»
-1-5.8*
+6.7
+5- 2*
697.7
755-9
758.8
751-8
7SS-2
754-7
752-7
752-5
750.4
753-4
754-7
749-7
719.0
754.6
755-9
739-6
765.1
760.3
764.2
764.9
760. 2
759- «
762.3
710. 2
720.3
726. 1
720.8
+9.0*
-0.6*
-fo.i*
-4.1*
764.0
763.6
764.4
760. 2
756.8
763-7 _
758.6 [755-6
+3-'*!+3.i
750.0
707-5
764.4
763- I
745-8
704-3
75'-4
762. 5
759-7
761.5
676.9
755 7
7175
720.8
755-7
744.0
755-7
768.9
728.6
761.3
737-2
750-3
758. 9
743- S
758.8
708.8
717.0
1-6.1
+4-9
+5-3
f4-2
696.6
757-6
760,
755
756.
756
754
754
75
7S7
753
745
717
753-8
756.6
739-8
765.0
760.2
763.8
763.8
762.3
760.8
763- 9
710-5
718.9
725.7
721.4
+7.1
+ 1-3
+ 1-7
-1.8
764.6
764.0
765.2
760.7
757-1
763-0
March
74«-3
706.7
4
S
6
7
S
2
6
3
5
3
7
3
o
S
4
3
762
760,
741.
699.
750.
;757.
757-
759.
672.
754.
715
716.
755-
742.
753-
766.
727-
761.0
734-8
745
758
741
757
704
717
+4.
+2.
+ 2.
+3-
695.
753-
756.3
752.2
755
755
753
754
753
756,
755-8
752.2
716.7
752.2
752.3
735-3
760. I
759-9
762.5
761. 5
758.6
755-1
758.3
706. 1
719-3
724.9
718.0
+3-0
+3-5
+3-9
-1-7
760.3
759-6
760,
759
756
762
756
+0,
April.
747-9
705- 7
763-3
760.9
742.9
702.0
750.5
759
757.
760,
675,
753
716,
720.2
756.3
742.2
754-8
762.4
726.5
759-3
734- 5
747.0
758.6
741.0
758.3
705. 9
717-S
+0.5
—0.9
+2.0
-2.4
6<JS-3
756.7
759-7
756.7
758.3
759-3
757-5
758.0
756.0
758.2
758.3
755-0
717.2
752.9
754-3
737-2
762.3
760.0
763- 3
762. I
759-6
758.6
761.7
708.8
720. I
724- 5
720. 1
-1.6
-f-i.o
42.7
-O. I
760.7
760.0
760.4
759-7
56.6
762. 2
755-5
-0.5
May.
748-5
706.8
761.9
760. I
741.
700.
750.
758.
757-
760.
674.
753-1
716.7
720.8
757-3
741-7
755- 3
758.3
727-0
7S«.8
735-0
747
758
741
758
705
718
3
—4
-4
—3
695.6
756.7
760. 6
757-7
759-4
760.3
758.4
759
758
757
759
756,
717
753
752.8
736-0
760.8
760. 1
763-4
762.3
758-6
758.5
761. 6
708.8
722.0
724.0
720 4
-5.6
— i.o
— I.
+3-
759-
759-
759-
760.
755-
760.
755-
I.
June.
748.9
708.3
763- 2
761.6
743-5
703.1
751
759.
758.
761.
677.
753-
7.
731.
756.7
743-5
755-9
755-8
728.2
759-3
735- 9
747-5
759-7
742.2
758.6
707. 2
7'9-S
-7-9
-7.6
6.4
4-9
694. 7
757-2
759-8
757-0
758- o
759- 2
757-7
758.3
756.6
757-7
757- o
755
718,
754.
755.
737-
762,
763- 3
766. 9
763.8
761.3
758.5
761.5
710.3
723
723.
721
9
-3
2.
+2..
758.3
757-5
758.6
760.8
754-6
VS8.6
755-2
-2.3
July.
748.9
707- S
762.8
761.3
743-8
703-5
752-0
759- o
758.2
760.7
677-4
751-8
717-5
721. I
755-1
743-7
755-7
754-1
728.8
758- 9
735-8
747-6
758.8
742.1
757-8
707.1
719.8
-10. o
-8.1
-8.1
-4.9
G92. 7
7S7-3
7Sf.. 4
755- 9
756.0
756. 7
755-7
756.4
754-6
754-2
756-4
755- o
718.4
755-1
755-2
737- 4
761.9
763-9
767-1
763.8
761.4
758-4
761-3
711. ?
723-1
723-8
721.7
-10.7
-3-8
-3-8
+4-1
756.2
755-2
756.6
760. 7
754-4
758.5
754-1
4.0
Aug.
749-1
7oy. 6
762
760,
743
702
751
758.
758.5
760.7
677. I
752.8
717- 7
721.0
755-8
743- o
755-0
755
728
759
735
747
758
742.2
758.3
707.2
720.6
-6.8
-4-5
-6.3
-2.8
693- 4
756.3
758.8
754-7
755-9
756.1
754-9
755-6
754-1
755-4
757-1
753-9
718. I
754-0
754-8
737-2
761.6
763-0
766.5
762.7
760.6
758-2
761. I
711. 2
722.4
723-4
721.5
7-7
3-1
-0.8
+3-5
756.9
755-6
757-2
760.5
753-4
759-1
754-1
3-9
Sept.
750.
709.
763.
761.
742.
702.
752.
760.0
759- 8
761.8
676,
754
719
722,
756,
743-0
754-9
759-4
7^9
759
737
749
758.
744
759- 7
707. (.
720.3
—2. 2
0.8
-1-7
— o. 2
695. 4
756.7
7()0.4
754-2
756. 8
756. 9
755-6
756-1
754.4
756.3
756.2
753- I
718.3
755- 6
754-7
737-9
762.0
761.6
765-1
762,
760.
760.
763.
711
722.
723.
722.
I
0-5
-0-5
+ 1-3
759-4
758.1
759-3
760. 7
753- 9
760. 3
756.5
— 1.0
OtI
749.8
708.3
7"3- 3
761.3
743-0
701.9
751-5
758.0
759-0
760.6
675-1
757-4
718.3
720.8
756. 6
742.0
753- 6
V65. I
728.8
759-0
737-3
749-4
758.1
743-5
759. 5
708.9
718.8
+ 1-4
+ 1-4
+ 1.9
+ 1.9
''97. 3
754-9
760. o
753-4
757-2
756. 8
755-3
755-3
753-5
756.7
754-3
751.0
718. 5
754-0
754-2
737- 4
762.8
761.6
765.5
762.7
759-7
758.7
761.9
710. 1
721.7
724.6
720.5
+3-0
+2.0
+ 1.8
-2.3
761.6
761. I
762.0
759-0
754.7
763- 5
756.8
!-o. 9
Nov.
749-3
706.6
762.9
761.0
743- 4
701.0
750. 6
760. o
758.8
7^0-3
675.0
756.7
717-3
719.5
756. 3
5
5
2
4
7
2
9
2
742
754
768
728
758.
j737.
748.
758.
742.8
758.4
706.x
719- 3
t4-2
+4-9
+3-7
f2.5
697.6
756.7
759-9
755- 6
756.0
756- 3
754-5
754-7
752- 6
756.2
753-6
751-7
|7i8.o
754.0
754.4
1738. o
1762. 5
758.4
762.3
762.3
760.0
758.9
762. 1
709.4
721. 2
725.4
720. I
+6
+2.
+ 1.
— 2.
763.
763.1
764.0
759.3
755.5
763.8
757.4
-) 2. 2
Dec.
1707. 4
765. 5
764. I
744.8
702.4
752. 3
761.6
760.5
761.7
675- 5
;/53-S
7I.S. 2
720.8
755-6
,744- 7
754-9
769-4
730.1
758.6
739-0
749-9
758.6
744-4
759-2
708.3
718. I
+ 5-2^
f6.7<
f 4- 2*
f2.3'
697. 7
1758. 3
7^10. 6
754-5
756.9
,756.6
754.4
753.8
751.4
755.0
753.4
748.7
718.8
.7
. I
Mean.
755
756
739. 4
763. 7
759. 7
763. 5
1763.4
760. 8
1759.2
762. 5
I7I0.8
721. 2
725.8
720.7
+8.3«
+ 2.8'*
+3. .3'
—2.1*
763.2
762.6
763.8
760.4
756.6
763.0
758.8
+ 3.2*
749-
707-
763
761,7
743.5
702. 2
751
759
758.
760.9
675.7
754
717.5
720.5
756.
743- o
754.8
762
728.4
759 6
736.5
748
758
742.8
758.8
707.0
718.7
749 ^
758.3
724.3
705.0
695. 8
756. 4
759
754
756
757
755
755
753
756
755.8
752.3
718,
754.
754.7
737.7
762.5
761.0
764.5
763.0
760.3
758.7
761.8
709.9
721.3
724.6
720.8
759.2
756.5
756.5
754.7
760.7
760
760.
760.
755
761
756.
761
* From 1864 to 1881.
f Departures in miUimeters from annual mean.
m
TtlE LADY FRANKLIN l.AY EXPEDITION.
165
749. 4
707,
761.7
743. 5
702. 2
75<-4
759- 7
758.8
760.9
675.7
754- S
7<7S
720
75^.. 1
743- o
754.8
762.9
728.4
;S9- 6
7J6-5
748
758.6
742. s
758.8
707.0
718.7
749
758.2
724
705.0
695. 8
756- 4
759-5
754-9
756.8
757
755
755
753.8
756.2
755-8
718,
754
754- 7
737- 7
I 762,
I 761.0
764^ _
I 763-0
760.3
758. 7
761.8
709-9
72«-3
724. 6
720.8
759- a
756- 5
756-5
754-7
760,
760.0
760. 9'
760. 21
755-5
761.7
756.2
761
Liicality.
Red.'^ea
Varkaiul
(iondnr ... ...
Nicholnievsk . .
I.eh..
Alcxandri.-i . ..
llcin|;-Konf; ..
Canton
Sin);n|M)re
Simla
Smyrna
New t'hwang .
Tillis
IVkinj;,
llo|;nsl<>vsk . . .
OiKlorsk
Olekniiiisk
lleresnw
Nova Zcmbia .
Do
Turukhan.nk . .
Mesen
Archangel
Varilfl
(ijasvar
TronisOe
Spit/bergen
Dut
IVtropawlowsk
Okhotsk
ilehring Island
Werchojansk . .
(iydaviken
Bermuda
Vera Cruz
CordolMi
I'rovidcnce
Ueli/.e
Caracas ..
I'aramarilK) . ..
Guatemala
.San Josd
St. Thomas
Toronto
Thorshavn
.Stykkisholm ..
Anadyr
Pitlekaie
Latitude.
a6 s N.
38 25 N.
1 2 36 N.
53 HN.
34 >o N.
31 12 N.
22 16 N.
23 18 N.
I 17 N.
31 6N.
■}8 26 N.
40 57 N.
41 42 N.
39 57 N.
W 45 N-
66 31 .\.
60 22 N.
63 56 N.
\l>'t 76 N.
t •, 1 1 No, of ,
l/)ngitude. I ^^^^ Jan.
65 55 N.
65 so N.
64 33 N.
70 22 N.
71 7N.
69 39 N.
79 S3 N.
50 50 .\.
Si 00 N.
59 20 N.
55 12 N.
67 34 N.
72 so N.
3* *3 N.
19 12 N.
18 51 N.
41 50 N.
17 30 N.
10 31 N.
5 44 N-
14 38 N.
9 56 N.
o 20 N.
43 39 N.
62 2 N.
65 4N.
64 55 N.
67 5N.
34 16 E.
77 16 K.
37 ii K.
140 43 K.
77 36 K.
29 54 K.
114 10 K.
113 17 E
103 50 K.
77 •' E.
27 10 K.
121 27 K.
44 48 K.
116 29 K.
60 I K.
66 35 K.
120 26 K.
6s 4E.
59 E.
87 38 E.
44 16 K.
40 32 E.
3« 7 E.
25 22 K.
18 58 K.
16 4 K.
142 26 E.
158 39 E.
142 40 E.
165 55 E.
'33 5' E.
77 00 E.
64 40 W.
96 9W.
96 54 W.
71 23 W.
88 18 E.
66 55 VV.
44 59 W.
90 31 W.
84 OD W.
6 43 E.
79 23 W.
6 44 \V.
22 43 \V.
177 19 E.
173 23 W.
2
t7
II
I
10
8
10
3
3
9
I
II
23
1 1
2
3
6
7
S
7
2
II
10
6
10
3
2
5
TA
4
2
tio
12
4
5
S
3
6
2
II
5
42
23
2
a
I767.4
665. 5
592.8
759-
496.
f2.
76^1.
768.
760. I
590. I
762. y
773-7
725-0
768.3
744-9
754 2
756.8
759- 3
i750- 5
1752-0
765- 5
747-8
754-2
748-9
749- 4
749- 4
747-8
750. I
29- 5 '9
29- 854
29.471
753-6
759-7
764-7
764. 6
1690.4
761.6
763-3
6S4. 2
761.3
641.8
668.2
758-9
29, 641
75'- 3
29- 303
30. 123
29. 637
Feb. i March.
766. S
659-7
591.9
3 759-9
0 494-8
5»:f2.8
3 765-3
1 766.3
; 59- 9
589.4
761. 2
770. 8
723- 8
1766. 6
744-3
758. I
757-4
760.7
756-7
752-8
762. I
763- 5
657- 2
591. I
759- 2
493-4
, to. 7
763-6
764- 8
April. May.
762.8
657.6
591.0
756. 6
498.6
—0.4
760.7
761.0
762. 2
656.4
589.3
758.3
768.9
1723
762.
?^l
758
l753'
753-8
755-6
752.7
76«.3
755.0 1762.1
754.2 1752. o
759.8 758.7
7ii-8
!749- 4
750.8
748.0
748.8
29. 632
750.0
748.9
749-8
754-4
747-7
29- 774
29- 923 29- 902
29. 834^29. 776
757-6 755-6
764-6
765.0
763-0
689.0
761.0
763- 3
684.0
761.9
641.7
668.4
758.4
29. 632
752.6
29. 457
754- o
762. 9
[761. 1
688.3
760.0
762.0
683.9
761.6
641.4
668.4
758-5
29.619
755-9
29- 634
30. 069129. 863
30. 236129. 893
589. 6
760.0
762. 3
721.5
757.9
744.5
765.6
747. 3
760.8
763.8
762. 2
760.8
762. o
756.6
756.0
756.5
755-8
758.3
745-8
29- 773
29. 846
29- 793
741.8
757-8
762.6
761.0
687-7
759-9
761.7
683.8
761. 2
640. 9
668.5
759-2
29- 585
757-4
29- 747
29. 952
29. 792
755-4
498.0
— i.o
758- 5
759. 2
758.6
588.0
June.
759.4
653.7
75.3- 4
496.8
—2.0
756. 2
758.7
759.3
585.9
July.
758. S
651.4
Aug.
757-9
654.2
759- 3 1757- 8
761.9 757.6
721.3
753.6
743.7
759.6
744.7
758.8
761.6
762.6
758.6
755-7
756-8
757-5
757-5
756.8
760. 2
745-9
29. 701
29.799
29.790
730.4
755-5
762.8
759-3
687.4
759-5
759-9
683-7
761-7
640. 6
668.2
759- «
29- 579
758.7
29.806
29. 897
29.912
719.6
750. 3
742.0
759.4
74-9
757- o
755.8
758.2
755."
758.2
755.9
756. 2
757.6
756-0
754-9
746.2
75.1- 3
49<). 7
-4.1
755- o
750.9
758.9
585.8
756. 2
757. 6
718.5
749.0
740.8
755-4
740.8
753-4
758-7
756.2
754-7
754-2
754-8
755-8
755-7
754-9
752-8
746.1
29.651,29.693
29. 772,29. 725
29.803
724-8
759-3
765-3
759-3
688.0
759-6
760.6
684-5
762.4
640.7
668.3
760.9
29. 800
759-2
765-6
761.2
689.2
759-5
761.7
684-5
762.4
64«-3
668.3
761.4
29.56729.551
760. 5 1757. 2
29. 73029. 700
29.908
29- 778
29-73"
759- »
659-5
754-0
497-0
-3-6
754-8
756. 9
759-0
586.6
756. I
7O0. 2
720.0
751.6
741- S
757-5
742.9
754.4
757.3
757-'
755-9
/56-2
755-3
755- o
755-4
754-3
756-3
746.2
29. 810
29.796
29. 824
764.5
761.7
689.1
761.2
766.5
684.0
762. 2
641.0
668.2
761.6
29. 620
757-7
29. 688
Sept. Oct.
57-1
,98. o
-0.8
56-7
57-4
59-2
89.0
59-6
65.4
22.9
57-5
43-7
57-2
48.2
58.0
55.4
56.3
57-9
57.0
56.3
54.9
55-6
53-9
53-5
48.3
763- "
663. 9
592- I
757-5
499-3
I 1.4
761.3
762.7
759-0
591. I
761.5
76S. 8
726.4
762. 3
744-9
756.9
750 4
756.0
759.2
757.8
758.6
750.8
756-0
753-1
753-2
752-8
754-5
749-3
Nov.
764.2
665.0
592.2
757-6
500.4
1.9
764. 8
766. 3
759.'
59'. 5
761.8
768.4
726.4
766. o
746.0
762.5
29. 803 29. 723
29. 350129. 816
29. 875
763.8
761.3
688.8
762.1
760.4
683.6
761.9
640.3
668.1
760.8
29.662
757.9
29. 690
7S8.'o
762. 6
761.5
689..
761.-
7
68i. 0
761. 5
640.3
667. 8
759-9
29- 645
752.8
753
756,
762
760,
761
758.
753
752
750-0
751.0
754-2
747-0
29. 624
29. 760
29- 549
748.4
746.6
762.7
76 J. 8
Dec.
765.7
662.7
592.2
757.9
499. 6
t 2.6*
765.7
767.1
759'
5.J0.5
762.0
771.0
725.5
767.2
747.6
760.7
756.2
760.4
761.9
759.8
766.8
753'
755.7
751.6
749.6
750.6
756.4
748.9
Mean.
762.5
658.7
756.8
497.4
760.7
762. I
759.2
588.9
759- 7
765-5
722.8
759-4
/43-9
758.8
749.5
757.4
758.2
757-3
759-9
755-9
755- «
753-6
753-2
753-0
754-3
. . . 747- 5
29-53979-687
29. 710129.813
29- 552 29- 730
29.61529.554
29. 786
29. 836
')ti2. 9
'760.4
641-5
667.8
759-5
29.62
755-6
29.600
29- 859
29. 678
746.9
760.0
764.6
764.1
'.<)0.f,
/61 I
763-3
683.7
761.0
642.0
663. o
759-4
757- S
763-9
761.8
689.0
760.7
761.7
683.8
761.6
641. 1
668.2
759.8
29. 649 29. 614
752.6 755-9
29. 388 29. 603
29.907
29- 955
t Months.
* Departures la milUmeUrs from tooual meu.
t
n
<!5 SI
166
TflE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
ANNUAL FLUCTUATION OF THE ATMO.SPHERIC PRESSURE AT FORT CONGER.
The following monthly mean values have been deduced from hourly readings from August 8, 1881, to August 7, 1883,
inclusive, supplemented in the second column by a mean in which the observations of the English arctic expedition have
been considered :
Table XXXV. — Monthly mean barometric pressure [reduced to sea).
^= + 81044'
-64° 45' = — 4'' ig"
Month.
l88l-'83. ! t875-'76, l88l-'83.
Month.
l88i-'83.
i87S-'76, i88l-'83.
January
"February
March
29. 7958
.6720
• 89.M
30. 0986
.0658
29. 8782
29. 75S6
•7792
.9623
30. 1747
.0210
29. 8525
July
29. 7892
.8260
.7706
■8975
.8591
.9216
29. 7249
.8096
•74«7
.9252
.9709
.8300
August
September
October . „
April
May...
June
November
December
The principal maximum occurs in April, after which the pressure falls rapidly to the principal minimum in July. The
secondary maximum and minimum follow regularly in November and February, respectively.*
The following chart is based on three years' observations, including those of 1875-76:
Chart No. 5. — Annual fiuciuatiom ef atmosphtru pressure at Fort Conger.
^=+81° 44'
(Departures in Bnglisli inches.)
AUa. MPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAV JUNE JOLV AUO.
T.tfmoi*
- 5.1 nun.
2,Smin.
0.30
-
1
\
-
0.20
-
\
-
0.10
- Incli
/
\
1
1
\
-
/
r
\
\
\
0.10
V
J
\
1
K
/
o.ao
-
o.ao
-Incli
2,6 mm.
DIURNAL FLUCTUATION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AT FORT CONGER.
77ie dhimal fluctuation. — The diurnal fluctuation for Fort Conger has been deduced from tlie continuous hourly readings
of the mercurial barometer for 601 days, from December 16 to August 8, inclusive, 1883. A careful comparison of the aneroid
readings from August to November, inclusive, 1881, with mercurial readings for similar hours, satisfactorily showed that although
the daily means were identical, yet the hourly readings were not strictly comparable. The aneroid read slightly lower in the
forenoon, and correspondingly higher in the afternoon, as follows:
3 a. in., +.002 inch [+•05'""']; 7 a. m., +.006 inch [+•'5"""]; u a. m., +.001 inch [+.03"""]; 3 p. m., —.001 inch
[ — .03"""]; 7 p. m., — .004 inch [ — .10"""]; 11 p. m., —.004 inch [—.10"""].
* From means by decades lliese occur as follows : First mai-.imum, April 21-33; first minimum, July 21-31 ; second maximum, October 21-31;
second minimum, February 11-20.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
167
The following tables give the mean hourly barometer (to the sea) for 6oi days, from the i6th of December, 1881, to
include August 8, 1883, for the 216 days during which the sun was absent, and also (in departures) for each month of the year:
Table XXXVI. — Mean hourly barometric pressure {reduced to sea).
Washington mean time. To reduce to local mean time ud>l 49'u
^=+81°
44' A
= — 64° 45' =— 4h 19'n
Hour.
601 days.
3i6 days.
Hour.
601 days.
ai6 days.
1 a. m
29.8875
29. 8503
I p. Ml
29.8831
29.8435
2 a. m
29. 8891
29.8518
1 2p.m...
29. 8838
29. 8447
3 a.m
29. 8905
29.8531
3 pm
29. 8863
29. 8490
4 a. m
29. 8925
29.8551
4 p.m
29. 8887
29. 8524
S a. m
29.8934
29.8SS5
S P-n>
29. 8905
29. 8541
6 a. m
29. 8933
29. 8545
6 p. m
29.8907
29.8S42
7 a.m
29.8921
29. 8530
7 pm
29. 8901
29. 8532
8 a. m
29.8912
29.8516
8 p. m
29.8900
29.8531
9 a. m ..
29. 8907
29. 8508
! 9 p. m
29.8899
29. 8534
10 a. m _.
29. 8885
29. 8489
1 10 p. m
29. 8891
29. 8524
II a. m
29. 8859
29. 8472
: II p. m
29. 8880
29. 8505
Noon
29.8837
It
29.8443
, Midnight
1 (■ inches
\ millimeteis
29.8873
29.8483
Grand mea
29. 8886
759- 16
29.8510
758. 21
The double curve is plainly marked and is substantially the same during the presence or absence of the sun, and con-
sequently for the whole period.
ChartNo. 6.— Diumai/uctuatioHs at Fort Conner, liSl-'Si.
^= + 81° 44'.
Washington mean time. To reduce to local mean time add 49""
IS mm.
s
4 e
s
10 NOGS 2 4
6 8
10 la
Incb
.006
.006
001
/
"■"^ — .
y
r
X.
,^-
flOI
^
A
^
"^^
~. y^
.000
.001
^
.. \
V-
-4
L
V
.001
.008
X
-^
.«M
^
i-
.OUft
.00(1
Ictober 21-31;
The critical periods are:
First maximum between 5 and 6 a. m. (5.49 to 6.49 a. m. local mean time), -{-.0048 inch [-f o.l24"»n>]
First minimum about i p. m. (1.49 p. m. local mean time), —.0055 inch [ — 0.14™""]
Second maximum about 6 p. m. (6.49 p. m. local meantime), -|-.oo2l inch [-I-0.05"""]
Second minimum between I2 and i a. m, (12.49 '° ''49 •'>■ m- local mean time), —.0007 [ — 0.02"""]; amplitude, .0103 inch [0.26'""'].
On ascertaining at Fort Conger that the diurnal fluctuation was unchanged during the absence of the sun the thought
occurred of examining other arctic barometers particularly with reference to the simultaneity of the phenomena.
il
I
168
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Through the courtesy of Captains V/olhgemuth and Dawson, Assistant A. F. W. Paulser, and chiefs of international
polar stations in furnishing advance inA mation as to diurnal fluctuations at their respective stations, the following table has
been made possible :
Table XXXVI!. — Mean hourly barometric pressures, i%%\-^%^. Departures in English inches.
Washington mean time. To reduce to local mean time add 49™
^= + 81" 44' a = — 64''4S' = — 41' 19'"
Hour.
1 a. m
2 a. m
3a.m
4 a. m .
5 a. m
6 a. m
7 a^-m
if a. m
9 a. m .
10 a. m
11 a. m
Noon
1 p. m
2 p. m
3pn>
4pm
Spm
6 p. m
7p. m
8 p. m
9p.m
10 p. m
11 p. m
Midnight
Monthly f inches
means. \ mms.
Aug. (39
days).
.002
.000
.002
.004
.005
.007
.007
.005
.004
.000
.003
.005
.004
.004
.003
.003
.000
.001
.001
.cx>i
.000
.002
.000
. 000
29. 8165
757-31
Sept. (30
days).
— .002
— .001
■{- .001
+ .006
+ .oos
4- .cos
-f. .004
-{- .002
.000
— .003
— .006
— .008
— .009
— .007
— .004
+ -009
■f .oo\
+ -003
+ .004
+ -003
+ 003
+ -003
.000
.000
29. 7409
7SS4I
Oct. (31
days).
— .008
— .005
— .002
+ .001
4- .001
+ -003
-j- .002
+ •003
— .001
— .003
— .003
— .006
— .004
— .003
— .001
+ .002
f- .005
+ .oos
+ 005
+ oos
+ .003
+ .001
— .002
— .002
29. 9038
7S9- 55
Nov. (30
days).
— .002
.000
.000
+ 003
+ -003
+ .002
.000
.000
— .001
— .002
— .004
— .005
— .004
— .004
— .003
-\- .002
-f .002
+ -003
+ .001
-|- .002
4- .001
.000
.000
+ .001
29. 9S78
760.92
Dec. f47
days).
— .004
— .001
+ .002
+ -004
+ .006
+ -004
+ .002
— .002
— .002
— .004
— .004
— .007
— .006
— .006
— .002
+ .001
+ ■004
+ -003
+ -004
+ .001
-f- .002
4" .002
.000
— .001
30.0098
762. 24
Jan. (62
days).
+ 003
+ .004
+ -007
+ 009
+ 009
+ 003
+ 004
+ .004
+ .001
— .002
— .004
— .008
— .011
— .010
— .COS
— .001
+ .002
4" .001
.000
.000
+ .001
— .001
— .004
— .008
29- 7959
756.80
Feb. (s6
4- -003
4- .002
4- .001
4- .002
4- .001
4- .001
.000
— .002
.000
— .001
.on>3
— .007
— .008
— .005
— .001
+ 003
+ .002
+ -oos
+ .001
4- .002
+ -003
+ .002
4- .002
— .002
29. 6720
753- 65
Mar. ^62
days).
— .011
— .009
— .007
— .004
.000
+ 003
+ -OH
+ -OOS
+ -005
+ 004
+ .001
— .001
— .002
— .003
4- .001
+ -003
+ .004
+ -005
+ •a'3
4- .002
+ -ooi
+ .002
4- 001
4- .001
29. 8934
759. 27
Apr. (60
days).
— .008
— .COS
— .003
.000
.000
.oco
.000
+ .001
4- .002
+ .001
.000
— .002
— .001
.000
.000
+ -003
+ -003
+ .004
+ -oos
+ .004
+ .003
+ -oos
+ .002
4- .002
30. 098s
764- 47
May (62
days).
-f .001
4- .002
-h 004
+ -007
-f .008
+ 009
+ •007
+ .006
4- .008
+ •005
+ .002
— .002
— .004
— .004
— . 004
— 003
— .003
— .004
— .005
— .005
— .006
— .008
— .007
— .007
30. 0659
763. 66
June r6o
days).
+ -oos
+ .006
4- .006
+ .006
+ 007
+ .006
+ -004
.000
.000
— .003
— .007
— .007
— .007
— .006
— .005
— .003
— .002
.000
.000
+ .OOI
4- .001
4- .001
4- .001
4- .002
July (62
days).
29. 8782
758. 88
+ -oos
+ .006
+ 007
■f .008
+ 007
-j- .006
+ -004
-h -003
+ . 002
— .002
— .006
— .007
— .008
— .007
— .004
— .004
— .002
.000
.000
+ .001
.000
.000
— .001
— .002
29. 7892
756- 63
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
169
' international
ving table has
Table XXXVIII — Oiumal barometric fluctuations* ; departures in English inches.
r
July (62
days).
oos
006
+ .005
+ .006
006
006
+ .007
+ .008
007
006
+ .007
+ .006
004
+ .004
000
+ .003
000
+ .002
003
007
— .002
- .006
007
007
- .007
- .008
000
— .007
005
— .004
003
— .004
002
— .002
000
.000
CXX)
.000
001
+ .001
001
.000
001
.000
001
— .001
002
— .002
782
.88
29. 789a
756- 63
Time.
Kort Conger. Fort Rae.
^ = ;|-8i<'44'* = + 62<'39'
Uodthaab.
9=4-64" II'
Jan Mayen. .Sagastyr. Spitzbergen.
^ = + 70° 59' ^= + 73° 23'(»= + 78° 28'
Point Barrow.
^ = + 710 18'
Correction needed to reduce to Greenwich time.
+4" 19"
+7" 43™
+ 3" a?"
+0I. 34"
-81' 16"
_oh 43"
+ io>' 4S»
-.0064
— . 0041
— . 0025 —
—.0008
-f-.oos5 +
+.0062
+.0051
+ .0027
+.0011
.0000
— .0020
— . 0035+
— .0031
-.0025 +
+.0008
+.0023
+.0032
+.0027
+ .001S +
+.0003
—.0002
— .0010
— . 0030
—.0031
1 a. m
2 a. m
3 a. m
4 a. m
5 a. Ill
6 a. Ill
7 a. Ill . _
8a. Ill
9 a. Ill
10 a. Ill
1 1 a. Ill ...
N(»on
— . C»II
+.0005
+.0019
f-0039
+.0048
+ .0047
+■ 003s
+ .0026
+. 0021
— . ortoi
—.0027
-.0049
-.0055
—.0048
—.0023
+.0001
+.0019
+.0021
+ .0015
+ .0014
+■0013
-(-.0005
--.0006
—.0013
— .0030
—.0021
- . 0010
- .0005 +
+ .0010
+ .0030
f.0040
+.0OS4
+.0068
+.0072
+.0071
+.0051
+• 0033
+.0020
+.0003
— .0013
—.0026
— . 0036
z:S?l5
-.0054
-.0051
— .cx)4i
•003s
— .0040
—.0080
-.0090
.0060
—.0030
— .0020
—.0000 +
+.0010
+.0030
+.0020
+.0020
+ .0020
-.0030
— .0020
-.0030
.0000
T .0020
+ .0030
+ .0040
+.0050
+.0070
+.0070
+ .0040
—.0000 +
—.0016
— .0020
-0035
—.0062
-.0066
— .0051
— . 0020
+.0008
f.0O27
f.0043
f.0047
+.0051
+•0043
+ .0027
.0000
—.0016
-.0027
— .0016
+ .0004
+ .0016
+.0020
+ 0012
+ .0012
+.0008
+ .0030
)-.0O2O
.nooo
—.0000 1
.0000
—.0010
—.0030
—.0020
—.0040
— .0050
—.0060
—.0070
-.0080
—.0070
— .0050
—.0020
+.0020
^-.oo6o
+.0090
+.0080
+.0060
+.0060
+.0050
+.0040
1 .0003
-.0015 -
.0038
-.0066
— . 0085
-.0091
—.0080
-.0049
—.0006
+ .0020
+.0036
+ .0042
+.0048
+ .0038
+ .0032
4 .0028
+ .0013
+.0011
+.OOIS +
+.0019
+ .0035 -
+.00354^
"l^oo3S -
+ 0020
1 p. m
2 p. m
3pm -
4 p. Ill
5 P- ">
6 p. in
7P'" -
8 p. m ...
9P"n --
10 p. m
11 p. m .
Mulniglit __.
* Except «t Point Barrow and Fort Conger, these values depend on one year's observations.
Tlie general resemblance of these curves and the close coincid'ince of the critical iiours when charted on simultaneous
time is perhaps more evident in graphic than in tabular form. Possibly the similarity would have been more striking had the
observations covered a longer period than a single year.
Chart No. 7. — Diurnal osnllalion, in English inches, at Arctic stations. {Charted in Washington mean \simultaneous'\ time )
!> 4 6 S 10 13 ! 1 R 8 10 13
.010
.005 Inclv
.010 inim
I'" nrl Conner, i^=-|.8i* 44'
Point Hariow, ifr = + 7i 18
Spil/herifen, ^-= \ 7ft t8
'•oaosDoa
.lun Mayen, ♦=+70'' 59'
Port Kae, ^=:+A> 30
Sagastyr, ♦=+73 »3
170
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
i,
\^4
The principal maximum, at about 1 1 a. m. Greenwich mean time, and the principal minimum,* near 6 a. m., occur
simultaneously at these stations, followed regulariy l>y secondary maximum and minimum at lo p. m. and 6 p.m. respectively.
Fort Rae presents a striking exception to the rule of simultaneity, jjossihly because it was a continental station while the
others were littoral. It has but one maximum and minimum, the latter, nevertheless, coincides with the principal minimum of
the other stations. Captain Dawson has stated, however, that the season was an excejjtional one, and the violent accidental
fluctuations may have marked the diurnal oscillation. There is no obvious reason why there should be a single curve at Fort
Rae alone of the American stations.
The abnormal character of the Fort Rae curve also seems probable from Sir John Richardson's observation at Fort Con-
fidence, (/I = +66° 54', A. = — 118° 49' from November, 1848, to include April, 1849, which were published by Captain
(now Sir and General) I. H. Lefroy.
The dei)artures in English inches from 7 a. m. local mean time to 9 p. m. are as follows:
//imr.
7 a. m
— .006
-.005 :
— .001 '
— .002
-.001
//our.
Noon
/»<■/».
— .000
.001
.002
.002
.CX)I
//our.
e p. m
/ncA.
.001
.001
— .002
.006
.003
8 a. m
I p. m
6 p. m
9 a. m
2 p. m
7 p. m
8 p. m
10 a. Ill
■J n. m
II a. Ill
4 p. Ill _ ._
9 p. m
These departures are in general keeping with the simultaneous curves when reduced to the same time, and indicate a
double curve. It should be borne in niiml, however, that Richardson's instruments were not as accurate as those of today,
ind further that these observations cover only six months.
Tlie diurnal oscillation, charted on local time, is shown below:
jOIU
Chart No. ^.— Diurnal oscil/alion, in Ens^lislt inches, at Aretie stntims {Chnrteriin Ural time.)
i 0 » to n a J 0 8 10
*io
Fort Conner,
Point Barrow,
Spitzberpen,
: + 8l°44'
J 71 18
! 78 28
niniiiiniiiiHiiium
Jan Mayen, 6 — -\- 70° 59'
Fort Kac, 9*;. -f-62 39
Sagastyr, V + 73 ^3
It is to be observed tliat when considered relative to local mean time, the same sign, either 4- or — , does not prevail at
all stations for a single hour, but when discussed simultaneously similar signs prevail for thirteen hours, excluding Fort Rae.
It seems possible, then, that simultaneity in at least one of the components enters into this complex and but partly solved
question of horary oscillations; further cannot now be said.
*At l''ort Conger, however, the primary and secondary minimum occur in reverse order.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
171
ANNUAL RANGE (5F MEAN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AT KORT CONGER.
The differences between the monthly means or the annual range is apparent from the following:
Table XXXIX. — Departures from mean annual pressure in English incites.
^=-|-8l°44' ^= - 64°4S'- — 4'' ig""
January
February
March ..
April
May
June
Inch.
-.124
— . 100
+.083
+•295
+.141
—.027
July
August
Septemlier.
October
November.
December _
Inch.
•>S4
— .070
13"
t- . 046
+ .091
— . 050
The annual range of .449 inch [11.5"""] depends on an excess of .2950 inch [7 '>i"""] in April and a deficiency of .154
inch [3.91"""] in July.
It thus appears that the annual range at Fort Conger is over forty times greater than the diurnal range. Schott, in the
discussion of the observations at Port Foulke for i86o-'6i, stated that the annual range at that station is twenty times greater
than the diurnal range.
ABSOLUTE RANGES OF ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.
The extremes of pressure and absolute ranges appear in the following table:
Table XL. — Maxima and minima pressures in English inches {reduced to the sea).
<i= + 8i°44'
X=-64''4S
° ,ie'= — ^h iniii
4" 19"
Month.
August
September
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
Absolute .
1881 and 1882.
Date and maxi-
mum.
Day of
month.
25
4
22
12
28
3
6
'7
9
23
I
3
Inches.
30. 129
30. 250
30. 500
30. 207
30. 176
30. 229
30.613
30-613
31.000
30. 522
30. 362
30.211
31.000
31.000
Date and mini-
mum.
Day of
month.
8
10
4
6
I
16
I
29
16
»5
16
28
Inches.
29. 396
29. 047
29- 365
29. 222
29- «33
*29. 020
29- >53
28.988
29. 632
29. 640
29. 416
29. 178
28. 988
28. 968
Range.
Inches.
•733
1.203
••«35
.985
1.043
I. 209
1.460
1.625
1.368
.882
.946
I 033
.012
2.032
1882 and 1883.
1 )ate and maxi-
mum.
Day of
month.
7
18
27
26
12
I
5
23
8
'3
10
Inches.
30. 107
30. 179
30. 340
30.506
30. 588
30^4«7
30.217
30.779
30. 686
30. 687
30. 218
30. 147
30- 779
Date and mini-
mum.
Range.
D.iy of
month.
9
21
10
15
18
25
'9
14
4
30
9
20
Inches.
29. 459
29' 273
29. 361
29. 163
29.590
29. 122
28.968
29- 35 >
29.312
29. 474
29.448
29-5'4
Inches.
648
906
979
343
998
295
249
428
374
213
770
633
28. 968
1. 811
Mean
range.
Inches.
.690
1.054
1.057
I. 164
1.020
I. 252
"•354
1.526
'•371
1.048
.858
•833
*S.4Sp. m.
The absolute range was 2.012 inches [51.10"""] 1881-82, and 1.81 1 inch [45.98"""] in the year following. The absoli:to
range of 2.032 inches [51.61"""] noted in these two years is to be further inert. iscd to 2.173 inches [55.19"'"']; from 31.000
inches [787.39"""] April 9, 1882, at Fort Conger to 28.827* [73''i9"'°']i February 17, 1872, at Polaris Bay, about 30 miles
to the eastward. The absolute range at Van Rensselaer Harbor for 1853-55, given by Schott as 2.130 inches [54.io'"">], is
nearly identical.
From March with a range of 1.526 inches [38.62'"""] there is a steady and unbroken decrease to August, with a fluctuation
of only .678 inch [17.22"""].
The least ranges occur in summer, bur. the greatest ranges are peculiar in so far as they obtain in spring and not in winter.
*The introduction of this reading is justifiable from the fact mat the barometer at Thank God Harbor was an instrument of the Signal Service,
United States Army, and so its readings are comparable.
I
ii
>)
172
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
I "S!^
Table XLI. — Daily ranges of atmospheric pressure, 1881-83.
Mean barometric ranges at Fort Conger.
«p = + 8i''44' ^=-64' 45' = — 4'' 19m
Month.
l88l-'82.
i882-'83.
l88i-'83.
Inch.
.114
•3^
.156
.160
.164
.226
.230
.282
•99
•47
August
Inch.
.125
.160
. 169
.161
.^'5'6
.226
.249
•213
.130
111
• 131
Inch.
.103
. 102
••43
.158
■ •73
•95
•234
.316
.185
.164
•23
.082
.September
October
November
December ...
January
February
March
April
May
June
uly
Year
•«74
.165
.170
Millimeters
4.42 4.19
4- 32
From a minimum of .io6 inch [2.69"""] in July, the ranges increase uninterruptedly to the maximum, .282 inch fy.ifi"""],
in March. The decreasing curve is likewise unbroken. The minimum in July agrees in time with that of lower latitudes, at
least as far as America* is concerned, Init the maximum in March lags behind a couple of months.
The minimum ranges also occured in July, 1882-83, at Fort Rae, Jan Mayen, and Sagastyr, but at Point Barrow (1882-8.3)
fell in June. The maximum ranges at Fort Rae, Jan Mayen, and Point Barrow came together in February, one month earlier
than at Conger. The August maximum of .Sagastyr is probably abnormal, as a longer series of observations may show.
Table XLII. — Maxima and minima daily barometric ranges at Foit Conger, 1881-83.
* = -)-8l°44'
A = — 64°45'=- — 4'' 19"
Date.
1 88 1 and 1882.
1882 and 1883.
Maximum.
Minimum.
Maximum.
Minimum.
August.
Inch.
.320
.470
• 380
.420
.419
.855
.488
.789
.616
•390
.360
.480
Inch.
.030
.050
.040
.030
.044
.077
.077
.042
03^
.024
.022
.024
Inch.
•307
•425
•379
.39^
.45^
.480
.664
.674
•433
•352
•379
.190
Inch.
.032
.023
.023
.050
:^i
.056
.068
.040
•034
.041
.026
September
October . .
November
December
lanuary
February
March
April
May
June
July
The foregoing list clearly shows that the accidental daily variations are most violent from January to April, i iclusive, and
that the smallest daily variations occur during the presence of the sun, from April to October, inclusive.
That such violent changes should occur during the entire absence of the sun is a matter of special interest.
RAPID FLUCTUATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.
The following table, part of which was originally prepared as a check against errors of .05 inch [1.27"""] (one division of
the scale), is of interest in showing that from April to August, inclusive, no hourly change as great as .050 inch [1.27™'"] is to
be expected at Conger, and that any hourly changes of that amount in other months may be looked on with suspicion if they
are not corroborated with other extraordinary meteorological conditions.
All daily ranges exceeding .400 inch [10.16"""] are assembled for convenience, as pointing out the most violent atmos-
pheric disturbances.
*In the United States, as a rule, the mean minimum range occurs in July, and increases steadily to a maximum in January, although in New Eng-
land the increase continues till February, and at some stations in the Mississippi Valley and Kocky Mountain region is attained in December. At
Alaskan stations the maximum varies from November at liehring's Island and St. Michaels to February at Sitka.
!■ < ' -■ !
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
173
Table XLIIL— Hourly barometric changes greater than .050 ; also daily barometric ranges greatet than .400 inch at I-orl Conger,
Dates.
Ilaromclric chantfvs.
Time.
Rise.
Auk-, 1 881
Sept. 2, i88l
Sept. 10, 1S81
Sept. 10, 1881
Sept. 12, 1881
Sept. 30, 1881
Oct. J7, 1881
Oct. 18, 1881
Nov. 5, 1881
Nov. 7, 1881
Dec, 1881
Jan. 15, 1882
Jan. 16, 1882
Jan. 17, 1882
Jan. 29, 1882
29,
6 to 7 p. m.
Jan.
Jin.
Ian.
ieb.
1882
30, 1882
30, 18S2
1882
8 to
4 to
6 to
8 to
a. m.
a. m.
.o6»
I0»
m.
m.
m.
m.
4 to S p.
12 to I p.
3 to 4 a. m.
9 to 10 p. m.
1 1 to 1 2 p. m.
I to 2 a. m.
10 to II a. m.
Mar. 30, 1882 I to 2 a.
Apr.,
May,
June,
July.
Aug.,
Sept.,
Oct.,
Nov.,
Dec,
Jan.
Feb.
Feb.
Feb.
Mar.
1882
1882
1882
1882
1882
1882
1882
1882
1882
4, 1883
3. 1883
7. 1883
8, 1883
6, 1883
Mar. 7, 1883
Mar. 8 1883
Mar. II, 1883
Mar. 14, 1883
Mar. 15, 1883
M.ir. 21, 1883
Mai. 22, 1883
Apr., 1883
May, 1883
June. 1883
July, 1883
3 to 4 p. m.
11 to 12 p. m.
1 to 2 a. m,
3 to 4 a. m.
8 t^ 9 a. m.
S to 6 p. m.
12 to I p. m.
2 to 3 p. m.
7 to 8 p. m.
5 to 6 p. m.
3 to 4 p. m.
7 to 8 a. m.
.o6«
.o6»
.063
.065
.051
•07s
.061
.076
.072
.051
.071
.054
Fall.
.09*
.09*
.o6»
.o6»
114
.058
.060
.058
.063
.098
.081
.063
■053
.080
Remarks.
Daily ran|;es greater
than .4(XJ.
None during month ; greatest — .05» on 26th.
Barometer rising slowly.
{Other hourly changes greater than .05 during day. Severe
storm. Wind at 9 a. m. north, 30 miles. Tem|)erature
rose from 7°.9, at 3 a. m., to I9°.4, at 4 a. m.
Barometer rising rapidly at 2 a. m.; southwest wind, 23 miles.
3 p. m. reading probably .02 high.
Barometer rising slowly.
Barometer rising slowly.
Barometer falling rapidly ; wind southeast, 4 miles at 7 a. m.
Barometer rising slowly.
Greatest changes 1st, — .os»; nth, — .05*; 12th, —.05*;
31st, —.05"; —.042.
Barometer rising rapidly.
' Hourly changes greater than .05 from 6 a. m. to 3 p. m.
Storm of e.xeeding violence. Barometer fell .741 innine
hours. Wind reached registered velocity of northeast,
65 miles, at 2.15 p. m. Temperature rose from — . 23^.4
at II a. m. to — I3°.l at 12 m. and subsequently to
— .9-S°- Heavy swell observed in tide-hole.
Barometer rising rapidly after storm of i6th.
\ Barometer falling rapidly, — .246 from 9 p. m. to 2 a. m.
Barometer rising rapidly accompanied by snow.
Greatest change — .049 on 15th, 7 to 8 p. m. Temper-
ature rose same hour from — 53°. I to — 46°.6.
["Other hourly changes greater than .05 during day. Ba-
I rometer rising rapidly after touching 28.988, lowest of
•j the year. ' Rise followed by wind southeast, 20 miles at
I 8 p. m. Temperature rose from — 34°.4 at 8 a. m. to
L — 8°.6 at 8 p. m.
Greatest change 23d, -f -046. Southwest wind of 22
miles at 3 a. m. ; same hour.
Greatest change 28th, — .029. Wind, same hour, south,
17 miles. Temperature first reached 32°,o since 2 p.
m., August 26th.
Greatest change 23d, f .042. Hign temperatures in a. m.,
followed by rain and falling temperatures p. m.
Greatest change 29th, + .035. Stationary temperature
with occasional snow and rain.
Greatest change 9th, -{-.031.
Greatest change 29th, — .041.
Greatest change 20th, — .047; 5 to 6 a. m.
Greatest change 15th, — .043.
Greatest change 30th, -f- •039-
Barometer fell .480 during day.
Barometer fell .140 in three hours.
Barometer rose .295 in ten hours.
Barometer fell .333 in seven hours and .664 during the day.
Barometer fluctuating violently ; fell .378 in twelve hours
and later rose .065 in one hour, from 3 to 4 p. m.
Barometer fell .353 during the day.
Strong southerly gale. Barometer rose .509 in twelve
hours, changing over .050 several hours.
Barometer rose .262 in four hours.
Temperature rose 15°. 5 in seven hours.
Barometer rising and temperature falling rapidly.
Barometer fell .403 in eight hours, averaging — .051 hourly.
Heavy snow. Baiometer rose .582 during the day.
Greatest change 3d, — -033.
Greatest change ist, — .040.
( Greatest change 2d, — .040.
Greatest change 20th, + .029.
Dale. Range.
Sept. 10 : . 4''o
Dec. 31
Jan. 2
Jan. 16
Jan. 17
Feb. S
Feb. 6
Feb. 7
Feb. IS
Feb. 24
Mar. 2
Mar. 3
Mar. 21
Mar. 29
Mar. 30
Apr. 8
Apr. 10
Apr. 21
July 29
Sept. 19
Dec. 17
Dec. 20
Jan. 4
Jan. 22
Feb. 8
Feb. 24
Mar. 2
Mar. 4
Mar. 8
Mar. 10
.419
.404
•85s
.631
.460
.404
•42s
.465
.488
•541
.656
•427
.464
•789
.616
.417
.468
.480
•425
.451
.446
.480
.464
.664
.468
•S3I
.520
.665
.485
Mar.
12
■ 479
Mar.
IS
.460
Mar.
21
.674
Mar.
22
.588
Mar.
23
.481
Apr.
22
•433
■Aneroid ; all others mercurial from December i6tb, inclusive.
!
I i':
i
in
I
\n
\'%
t'li
174 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
TEMPERATURE OF THE AIR.
Temperature observations were made every four hours on the outward journey from St. John's, Newfoundland, to Fort
Conger, Discovery Bay, from July 7 to August 5, 1881, which are given in detail under miscellaneous observations.
These observations were continued hourly at Fort Conger from August, i88i, until the abandonment of the station,
August 9, 1883. During the retreat by boat, and later at Camp Clay, observations were made as often as circumstances would
permit, and the last temperature record was made June 20, 1884, forty hours before the relief of the party.
INSTRUMENTS USED.
The thermometers in use, both spirit and mercurial, were made by J. Green, New York, and were tested at the U. S.
Signal Office from 32° [c C] to 100° [37.8° C.J, between which ranges their errors were inconsiderable. Later the error of
these thermometers was carefully determined at 32° [0° C.], and at the temperature of freezing pure mercury which was
assumed to be — 37°.9 f— 38°.8 C], The instrumental errors between these two points were determined for the several
instruments by between one and two thousand comparative readings, and can probably be depended on to io".! [ioo.oS C]
at any point on the scale.
Below — 37°.9 [— 38°.8 C] the value of the errors depends on the veadings of spirit thermometer No. i, J. Green, a fine
instrument graduated to below —60° [—51° C.J, which showed a rem.iik.ibly small error between the melting points of fresh
water ice and the freezing point of mercury. It was assumed that the error continued in the same ratio, doubdess an
untenable assumption, but from which it is probable any resulting error would be less than one degree.
The thermometer was not brought back, iiaving been cracked by Lieutenant Lockwood at his farthest in 83° 24', May
13-15, 1882.
The hourly temperatures were recorded from mercurial thermometer No. 1031 (hygrometer pattern) from August 5, 1881,
to include 11 a. m. September 24, i88i. The correction of — o°.i F. has been applied to all readings in accordance with
error card from Office of the Chief Signal Officer.
Mercurial thermometer No. 772 was used for hourly readings from noon September 4, 1881, to include 4 a. m. January
5, 1883, after which time until August 9, 1883, mercurial thermometer No. 766 was used. Nos. 766 and 772 read together
under similar circumstances at all temperatures. From 32° [0° C.J to — 37"'.9 [— 38°.8 C] their errors remained constant within
limits of o.°i to o°.2 [o°.o6 to o°.i i C J at 00.6 [o°.3 C.J, and consequently the correction of — o°.6 [ — o''.3 C.J has been ap-
plied to all readings. The mercurial thermometers were read only to — 37°.o [— 38°.4 C.J.
From December i, i88i, to August 9, 1883, on all occasions when the temperature was below — 37°-o [— 38°.4 C.J the
hourly readings were made from spirit thermometer No. 708. This thermometer read 3.6° low from the temperature of
freezing mercury to — 41° [— 40''.6 C.J, and from a few comparative readings varied from 3°.7 to 3°.9 low, from — 42° [ — 4i"'.i
C.J to —55° [— 48°.3 C.J. In consequence the correction of +3°.6 [+2°.oC.J was adopted above — 42° [— 4i''.i C.J, and
of +3°.8 [+2°.! C.J at and below that temperature.
Maximum thermometer No. 629 was used until September 30, 1881, when it was replaced by No. 613, which was used
from October i, 1881, until broken in April, 1883. The correction of each thermometer was ±o''.o as per error card from
Office Chief Signal Officer.
As the temperature for weeks at a time was below the freezing point of mercury, many maximum readings are the highest
observed.
Minimum thermometer (spirits of wine), which by official error card needed no correction, was used to include September
15, 1881, when No. 590 (colorless spirits of wine) was substituted, which was ever after read.
The error of No. 590 was determined by hundreds of comparative readings, for every degree between 45^ [7°.2 C.J and
— 56° [ — 49° C.J, as well as by the usual tests at the melting point of fresh ice and the freezing point of mercuiy.
a
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
The corrections adopted for No, 590 are as follows :
176
e
0
0
0
e
e
40. 0 to
43-9
+O.S
—10. 5 to
— la.S
-12. S
+ 1.6
38.0
39. 9
+0.4
-14. a
+ 1.8
36.0
37-9
+0.3
-14.3
-15.8
33- 0
35 9
-fo. 2
-15.9
-17- 5
+ 1.9
3a- 0
32-9
+0.3
-17.6
-19. a
+ a.o
29.0
3« 9
+0.4
-«9-3
-20.8
+2.1
27.0
28.9
+O.S
—20.9
-aa.s
+2. a
26.0
26.9
+0.6
—22.6
-24. a
+2.3
24.0
25.9
+0.7
-24- 3
-as. 8
+ 2-4
23. 0
»39
+0.8
-25' 9
-27- S
+2.5
II. 0
22.9
+0.9
-27.6
-a9.a
+2.7
9.0
10.9
+ I.O
-293
— 308
1. 1
8.9
+1.1
-30.9
-32.5
--2.8
I.O
— 1.9
+ 1.2
-32.6
-33-3
-fa. 9
— 2.0
-2.9
+1-3
-33- 4
-sss
+30
- 30
-3-9
+1.4
—59.6 downward +2.0 |
- 4.0
-10.4
+ ••5
The thermometers exposed in an instrument shelter were 34.4 feet [10.5"] above the mean sea level, and were 5 feet
[1.5"'] above the ground.
The thermometer? were fastened to a sheet iron cylinder (bulbs two to three inches from it), which revolved so that the
instruments were read in succession, and was brought before the direct influence of the heat from the observer but once. The
cylinder was protected by a small shelter of sheet iron of louvre pattern, which in turn was protected by a louvre-shaped
wooden shelter 5 feet [1.5"'] square and 8 feet [2.4""] high.
The readings credited to the even hour Washington mean time (49 minutes slower than local mean time) were really
made about four minutes after the hour.
The maximum and minimum thermometers were read at i a midnight, and a portion of the time were recorded every four
hours, but the latter readings have not been reproduced.
Maxima and minima values are printed in bold-faced type.
Interpolated values are printed in italics.
The temperature observations, in all cases corrected for instrumental errors, are given in the following table:
176
THK LA.DY KHANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
'»{
Dale.
9 --
10 ...
11 ...
12 ...
13 —
AUGUST, i88i.
Table XLIV. — Taupfrature of the air, Aut^us.', i88i.
Wishini^ton mean time. Keduce to local mean time uy atldin^ 49™
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters],
^=4-81° 44' X = — 64045'::^ — 4I' ly"'
I a. m. 2 a. m.
>4 --
•S
16
«7
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
26
27
28
29
3"
Means
Means in cen-
tigrade
33' 4
33. 9
34-7
30 4
32- 4
34-9
36-4
39. 8
43-9
3»'
35.
34-
30-
32-
35-
36-
43-
39-
39-
36.
32.
27.9
23- 9
30-4
29. I
30-9
28.1
25- 9
25. 9
26. 4
28.4
24.8
23- 4
21. 9
31.83
-0.11
39.8
42.9
43-4
39-9
39-4
36. 9
32- 9
27.
23-
30-
29.
3°-
27-
25-
25.
25-
27-
24.9
23- 9
23- 9
3'- 93
-0.06
3 a, m. 4 a. m. 5 a. m.
6 a. Ml.
7 a. m.
33. 4
33-9
35-9
3S-9
33. 9
33-4
30- 4
30.4
32.4
32. 4
35-7
35-9
36- 4
35-9
40.9
40.9
44.2
43-9
40.9
384
38.0
36.9
32- 9
27.9
22. 9
3>-4
29.9
3°-5
28.4
26. I
26. 7
24.9
25.0
25-7
23- 4
26.4
31.83
-0.11
40.4
38.9
37-4
36.8
32.4
27.4
23- 4
3'-9
30.9
30-9
28.6
25.9
27. I
24.9
25.4
28..^
24.8
25.4
32.00
0.00
33-9
35-9
35- 2
30- 4
32.4
36.4
36.4
40.9
42.4
41.4
39' 2
37-9
36.8
32.7
27-
23'
3«-
32.
3«-
28.6
26.9
27.4
24.4
23- 9
29.9
27.4
25.9
32- 33
0.17
36.2
3''>- 4
J7 -6
30-4
32.9
36.9
36- 9
40. I
42.4
41.9
39-9
37-9
36.9
32.9
27-
23-
3«.
33'
3'-
28.3
27.4
27.4
24.9
25-7
30.9
29.9
25-4
32.87
o. 50
37. 2
37- I
36.9
3«.9
33. 2
36.9
35. 9
40.7
42.9
42.9
40.4
37-9
36.9
33. 7
28.0
24.0
32.0
32.9
31.8
28.0
27.4
27.9
25.0
24.4
28.9
28.9
25.1
32.92
0.50
8 a. m.
37-9
37- 9
35' 9
32.4
34-
36.
35-
40.
42.
42.9
40.9
38.4
36.9
33. 9
27.9
24.9
3'-9
33-4
319
28.9
27.6
28.9
25.9
21. 9
29.4
29.9
25.9
33- «7
0.67
9 a. m.
36.4
37-9
36. 9
33-9
34-9
37-4
36.0
39-8
44-4
39-9
38.6
38.7
37'
34.9
29.8
24.9
32.4
3«-9
3'-9
28.2
27.9
30-4
25-9
24.9
M-9
29.9
25.9
33-5'
a8j
364
38.6
36.9
33-9
34-
37-
35-
39.
45-
41.7
3S-4
39-^
77- 1
33-7
29.4
25.4
32.9
33-7
32.4
28.2
27.4
34.4
25. 9
24.9
ii-9
28.4
27.9
33-85
Noon.
I p.m.
2 p. m.
37-7
39- 9
37-4
33- 9
34- 7
37- «
35-9
40.9
43-9
4«7
38.9
39-4
37-2
36.7
30.0
28.0
34- o
33-9
33-4
28.7
27-7
32.9
28.5
26. 9
30- 9
30.9
27.9
34- 41
••33
37-9
42.9
38.4
34-4
34-7
37' 4
36. S
39-9
42.9
41.2
39- S
39-7
37-9
36.9
29.8
27.9
34-9
33-4
32- 7
28.7
27.9
33-4
28.9
30-4
30-9
31.6
27.9
34- 76
1.56
37-9
43-4
39-9
34.9
34-4
37-9
38.9
40.7
42.9
41.9
39-6
40.4
37-4
37-4
29.9
28.9
34-9
32.2
32.7
28.9
27. 1
35-4
29.9
26.9
32.9
;o. s
27.9
35-03
1.67
37-9
43-9
40.9
34-9
33- 9
37-9
38.7
43-4
42.9
41.9
40.9
40. I
38.9
37-4
28.9
28.9
34-9
32.7
3«-9
28.
27-
3>-
29.
25.9
32.9
30-9
27.7
34.98
1.67
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY BXPEDlTiON.
177
AUGUST, 1881.
Table XLIV. — Temperature 0/ the air, Aiii^nst, 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adJiiit; 49'<>
Thermometer aliove the yroumi, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
^= + 81° 44' ;»= — 6404$'== -4"> igro
3 P- '"•
4 p. m.
5 P- ni
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Micln't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
.a
\l
rt 0
0
1
'44 9"
39-9
36- 9
36. 9
"36. i"
34- 9
34-9
"34-'9 "
33-9
33-9
^! *i
44-9'
"yt'.}^'
12.0
2-33
2
3
4
5
44.9
43- 9
40.4
37-9
37-4
36-4
35-4
34-9
34-7
34- 4
38.16
44-9"
33- 9»
II. 0
3-44
6
41.9
38.4
3' 5
35-4
35-9
34-9
33-9
32- 9
32. t
31-8
35-89
4i.<)*
3I-5'
10. 4
*i7
7
34- »
35 9
35-7
37-9
38.2
37-9
35-4
32. 4
31-0
34-4
33-57
38.2.
30.4*
7.8
0.89
8
33-4
33-4
33-9
34-9
34-9
34-9
34- 9
34.9
33-2
34-9
33-87
34- 9*
32- 4»
2-S
1.06
9
37-9
37-9
37- 9
37-9
37- 5
37-4
36.9
36- 4
35-9
35-9
36- 94
37- 9"
34- 9"
30
2.72
10
38.9
38.9
38.9
39-1
39-8
39 '
39-1
39-3
39-4
39-3
37. 6S
39. s»
35- 9»
3-9
3-17
II
44.9
43-7
42.9
43-4
44-9
45-9
44-9
43-4
44.6
44 4
42- I.?
45. 9>
39. 8»
6. 1
J. 61
6.22
12
42.7
42.0
42.7
41.9
43-7
43-2
42.4
42.4
44-9
43-9
43.22
45. o«
41.9*
3 >
«3
41.7
44-9
44-4
44-4
44-4
44- 4
42.7
41.9
40.9
40.2
42-31
44- 9»
39- 9«
50
5-72
•4
40.9
42.9
43 9
42.9
41.9
40.9
40.9
40.2
40.0
41.1
40.38
43- 9"
38. 4«
5-5
4.67
'5
41.4
40.9
41.4
40.4
40. 0
38- 9
38.6
38.4
37-9
36.9
39. 10
41 4*
36. 9"
4-5
3-94
16
39- 9
39- 4
38.9
37 9
36.9
36- 4
35-4
34-4
33-9
33-9
36.98
39- 9*
33-9*
6.0
2.78
'7
36-9
38.9
39-9
38.7
35-9
34-7
33-9
32-4
3'-9
3'-4
34-91
39- 9»
3'-4"
8-5
. 1. 61
18
29.4
28.4
28.4
27-4
27.2
26.4
25-9
25.9
25.0
24.9
^7.90
30.0*
23.6
6.4
-2.28
«9
29.9
29. 2
30.2
29.9
30-4
30-9
30-7
29.9
30.1
29.9
27.28
30.9'
22.9
8.0
-2.61
20
34-9
34- 5
35-9
35-9
35-9
32- 9
3"- 4
29.9
3«-4
29.1
32-78
35-9''
28.1
7-S
0.44
21
32- 4
3"-9
3«-9
30-9
30-9
30-9
3"- 9
3'-9
30s
30- 4
3'- 74
33-9*
28. 1
.S-8
-0.17
22
3«-9
3'-9
3'- 7
30-7
30-4
29.8
28.9
28.8
28.9
28.7
31. 10
35-0
28.1
6-9
—0.50
23
28.0
27.9
27. 2
26.9
26.7
26.6
26. I
26.1
26.0
25-9
27.71
3to
24.1
6.9
-2-39
24
27.9
27- 4
27-9
27.7
26. 9
26.8
26. 9
26.9
26.9
26.7
27. 10
29. 2
24.1
5-«
-2.72
25
29.9
29.4
28.9
27.9
26.9
26.9
26.9
26.9
27.9
27-9
28.94
36.0
24.1
II. 9
-1.72
26
29.0
28.9
29-4
29-4
29. 0
28.4
28.4
28.4
28. 5
28.4
27-43
30.9
23.6
7-3
-2.56
^l
25.9
24.9
24-4
24-4
26.4
25-7
25.2
26.2
24.9
25-4
25.66
30-5
19. 6
10.9
-3- 50
28
29.9
30-4
25-9
28.7
27-9
26. 9
25-4
24.9
25-4
23-9
28.59
36.0
21.6
14.4
— 1.89
29
29.4
28.4
26.9
25- 4
25-4
24.7
23-9
23.0
25 9
24-3
27- "3
33- 0
21. I
11.9
-2.72
.30
26.4
35.16
26.4
24.9
24-4
21.9
19.9
19.9
19. I
19-7
19. 1
24.45
29.0
15.6
«3-4
-4.22
3«
34-84
34.18
34-04
33-83
33-21
32-55
32. 10
32-05
3«-89
33-30
37-21
29 58
7-63
1.78
1.56
1.22
I. II
I. CO
0.67
0.28
0.06
0.00
-0.06
0.72
2.90
— '• 35
4.25
0.72
I
II
I
• From the oinerved hourly remdings
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 12
178
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXrEDITION.
k i
SEPTKM!.ER, 1881.
Table YiLV.— Tempt raturr of the air, September, 1881.
Wuhin|;ton mean time. Reduce to local mean time by ailding 49"
Thenncimeler alxive the i^niuml, 5 fret [1.52 melen].
f^-)-8l<'44' X 64" 45' -4>> i9>»
'
Dale.
1 n. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a.m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. ni.
1 1 a. m.
Nuon.
I p.m.
3 m.
1
18.9
16.2
.4.9
18.9
21.9
16.9
24-9
22.9
25.9
26.4
24.4
27- 4
27.4
as- 4
2
21.9
20. 9
21.4
20.9
20.9
21.9
21.9
24.4
26.7
23-9
36. 0
23-9
23-9
24-1
3
17-9
16.9
'5-9
17.9
18.9
20.7
32.9
24.4
24.9
26.9
25.9
25-9
28.9
24-9
24-7
4
1S.9
17.9
18. 8
19.4
23-9
25-9
22.9
19.9
19.8
21.9
26.0
23-9
26.7
5
20. 9
•9 9
18,9
•7-4
18. I
14.9
20.9
20.9
20.9
21.4
20.9
20.4
20.4
6 ....
12.9
16.4
i(>. 4
• 7-4
17-4
17-4
'7-5
'^•Z
18.9
17.9
20.4
19.9
18.9
16,9
7
18.9
l,S. 9
21.4
23-9
23- 5
24.4
24.9
23.8
21.7
21.9
24-8
21.8
23.6
26.6
8
19.4
18.9
18.6
18.2
•7-9
•7.9
'9-5
•83
21.8
17.9
23..
2.V5
•7-7
•7-4
9
17. I
16.9
16.9
• 7-4
16.9
•7-4
18.9
18. 1
20.5
23-4
23- 3
17.9
19.9
21.4
10 ... .
8.9
7-9
7-9
•9-4
22. 1
24- 5
24.8
24.4
21.9
23- 4
21.9
21.9
19.9
17.9
11 .
12.9
12.9
12.4
10.9
II. 9
12.9
12.9
•3-7
18.9
21.9
21.9
•4-9
•3-9
14.9
12
17. S
18.4
17-9
18.7
18. s
18.9
19.4
18.9
19.4
19.9
'20.4
20.9
•9-9
20.9
"3
149
«S-7
14.9
14.6
•3-9
'i'
14.1
II. 4
•5-9
•5-4
• 3-9
,6.4
• 54
15.4
14
12. 1
10.7
10.4
10.4
10.4
8.4
•4 9
•5-4
16.4
17. I
17. I
17.9
19.9
18.9
15
15.9
14.4
'4-3
•3-9
12.9
II. 4
12.8
11.7
• 3-4
•4-7
16. I
•5-9
16.4
16.9
16
10.7
11.9
8.9
8.4
8.4
9-4
9.9
9.9
II. 9
•9-7
23- 9
23-9
20.9
17.9
17
14' 4
'.V9
13-9
•3-4
• 3-9
•3-9
•3-9
•3-9
14.2
•39
•3 9
•3-7
'3-7
12.9
18
12.9
12.4
•3-2
12.5
II. 9
"3 4
•3-4
•3-2
• 3-4
•3-9
• 3-9
14.4
•4-7
• 3-9
19
'2*
12.9
•3-2
12.9
'l-*
10.9
9-9
?•'
9-7
97
9-2
9-7
7-«
7-7
20
8.9
9.9
9-9
8.9
8.2
6.0
7-7
6-4
2-9
3-7
12.9
12.9
5-4
1.4
21
-79
- S-7
- 7-6
- 6.4
-6.6
- 6.1
- 7-»
- 7-1
— ?••
— 2. I
• •4
•-4
2.9
1.4
22
— 2. 1
— 2.6
-2.6
— 2.9
-3-4
-5-6
- 6.1
- 3^
- 5 •
- 3-«
— 1. 1
- 1.6
2.4
— 0. 1
23
— 1. 1
-2.6
- 3-6
- 4- •
— 2. 1
— 2. 1
— 0. I
— 0. I
— 1. 1
3-7
2.8
2.0
2.0
2-4
24
— 0. 1
1.9
2.0
1.9
1.9
— 0.6
0.9
— 1.2
1.9
3-4
5-2
6.4
5.6
4-7
25
— 2.2
— 4. I
- 3-^
-2.6
-2.1
-3-6
1 1:1
-1:1
- 4-«
- 2.3
-2-5
— 2. 1
— 0.6
-2.8
26
- 3«
— 2.6
- 3^
- 4^
-3-6
-5-6
— 6.6
-6.5
- 4-6
-4.6
-4-6
-,.8
27
— 0.6
0.4
0.9
1.4
1.4
•-9
2.4
3^2
3-4
3-9
4-2
4.4
4-9
4-9
28
r*
4-4
5-4
3-4
2.4
2-4
1.9
2.8
0.8
2.5
4-9
2.9
••7
1.4
29
6.4
6-4
7.1
7-4
6.4
3-4
2.4
• ■4
— 0.6
— 0.6
- 2.1
— 4-^
-2.6
-3-8
30
Means..
- 6.4
-9-6
- 8.0
- 3-6
— 1.6
— 1. 1
0. 1
0.9
1.4
2.4
3-4
3-4
3-9
3-9
9-953
9.660
9.417
•0.243
10. 497
10. 173
•0- 773
•0- 753
11.400
•2- 523
13. 733
•3-357
12.780
12.283
Means
in centi-
grade ..
—12.22
-«2-39
— 12.56
— 12. II
-11.94
—12. II
-11.78
—11.78
—11.44
-10.83
- 10. 17
-•0- 33
—10.67
— 10.94
'I t
I ■
i 1
■f
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
lid
74
3-9
4-9
i3-9
(0.4
8.9
'3-6
17-7
19.9
19.9
13. 9
19.9
as. 4
24.1
24.7
26.7
20.4
16.9
26.6
174
21.4
•7 9
14-9
20.9
IS. 4
■5.4
IQ.9
18.9
16.4
16.9
20.9
17.9
•3.7
12.9
14.7
13.9
7.1
54
2.9
2.4
2.0
5.6
0.6
4.6
4-9
1-7
2.6
3-9
13.9
7.7
1.4
1.4
— 0. 1
2.4
4-7
— 2.8
-,.8
49
1.4
- 3.8
39
--
lio. 67
12. 283
—10.94
,
SEITEMBER. 1881.
Table XLV.— 7i'«/Vr.»/«« <////<• a/>, September, 1881.
Wuhington mean time. Reduce to lucal mean time by adding 49">
Thermometer alH>ve the (ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters],
f-.+8i<'44' ;k-=_«4«>45'^.— ^b i9»
3 p.m.
4p.m.
5p. m.
6 |i. Ml,
7 |i. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p.m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
.S
26. 4
35.9
23- 4
31.9
31.9
31.9
38.0
't\
-9.00
1
1
»S 4
as 4
839
33.4
aa. 994
'49'
24.5
34.9
34.9
a4.5
31.9
19.7
18.9
"93
18.4
18.9
33.438
36.8
18. 4'
- 5.33
3
36.9
as. 9
24.9
21.9
20.9
19.9
20.4
19.9
'9 9
'99
33. 050
i^-^
14.4
14.6
- 5.56
3
27.0
26.9
33.9
20.9
18.0
18.9
20. 9
31. I
22.0
20.9
22. 100
30.0
10. 1
19.9
5.50
4
20.4
20.4
19.9
19.9
19.6
19.4
18.9
18.9
18.8
17.9
'9. 533
24. S
1,5.6
10. 9
- 6.94
5
18.9
18. 1
«7.9
•7.7
16.0
«3S
12.9
"5 9
17.8
"79
17. 192
22.0
12. 1
9 9
- 8.22
6
22.4
35.9
22.4
33.4
20,9
20.9
30. 9
30. 9
30.0
19.4
33. 343
26.6*
18.1
8.5
- 539
7
18.0
17.8
'77
16,9
16.9
16. 9
16.9
16.9
16.7
17.9
18.446
27.0
16.6
"0. ♦
- 7.56
8
14 .t
"3.7
14.4
13.4
13.9
12.4
12.9
10.8
9.9
9-4
16.217
26.0
9. 1
16.9
8.78
9
17- .i
14.0
14.9
16. 3
14.9
«3 4
"44
"49
11.9
13.9
I". 188
24.8'
7.9"
16.9
8.23
10
14.9
15.9
16.4
16.7
18.4
\U
'59
16.9
17.9
"74
"S.3aS
"8. 954
33.0
8.9
'3"
^ 9.28
II
21. 9
21.9
19.9
18.9
17.9
17. I
16. 3
'47
33.0
"3.6
9.4
7.38
13
14.4
14.4
14.4
13.6
12.9
10.9
13.9
II. 9
10.9
II. 9
"3. 833
17.0
i:;
79
- 10. II
«3
21. I
"94
18. 1
16.9
16.0
14.9
"5 4
14.7
"34
13.9
15. 117
.5.0
16.9
- 9.39
"4
16.4
16.9
13.5
•3.9
'31
•39
13.4
13.4
II. 9
11.9
14.042
17.0
II. 1
5.9
- 10.00
"S
>S.9
13.7
»3.7
«3. '
11.9
10.9
II. 9
"3 4
'35
"3.8
13.646
24.0
8.4»
15.6
- 10.22
16
12.9
13.9
12.4
12.4
12. 1
II. 9
13.4
"3.4
12.4
II. 9
"3.ai7
15.0
II. 0
4.0
- "0-44
"7
13.9
'39
13.9
13.4
12.9
"34
"37
"34
'39
"39
"3. 475
15.0
II, 0
4.0
- 10.28
18
59
4.5
4.6
5.9
59
59
7.9
7.9
7.9
9.0
g.825
15.0
1.2
13.8
- 12.89
"9
— 0. 1
3.4
1.9
~ 3.;
— 4.1
-2.6
- 3."
- 4."
-2.6
-4.3
3.562
12.9'
5.5
18.4
- "5.78
30
— 1. 1
- 4.1
— 2. I
-4.6
— 0.6
- 4."
-3.6
-4.6
- 4.1
— 1. 1
- 3. 567
S.o
- 9.5
14.5
- 19.78
31
— 0. 1
-0..
— 1. 1
- 4. »
- 3.6
— 3.3
- "9
- 1.6
— 4.7
- 3-6
- 2.546
7.0
- 6.5
"35
- '9. "7
23
S. '
7.6
6.5
7.9
7.4
6.9
49
4.9
3-9
3."
3.358
10. 0
- 7.0
17.0
- 16.56
23
3.4
a. 3
— 0.2
0.4
— 0. 1
0.4
— 0. 1
2.6
— 1.6
- 4.1
"32'
II. 0
- 4."
15. 1
— 17.06
24
- 3.1
-3.4
- a. 7
-3.4
-2.6
- 5."
- 5'
- 3.8
-4.6
- 3 "
- 3. 258
5.0
- 6.5
II. 5
- "9- 56
as
-5.8
- 5.7
-5.8
-5.4
-3.6
-2.6
-3.6
- 3"
-- 2.6
- 3.5
- 4. 696
0.0
- 9.5
9.5
- 30. 33
36
4-9
4.4
45
4.4
4.5
4-4
4.9
4.9
4.9
7.4
3. 579
8.0
- 0.7
8.7
- "5-78
27
2.9
2.9
3?
3.6
3.4
4-4
5.4
5.9
6.4
6.4
3.729
8.5
0.2
8.3
- 15.72
28
- 7-1
-4.6
-2.6
-6.9
-4.6
-5.6
- 5 "
-6.3
-5.6
-7.8
— I. 313
10. 0
- 9.5
'95
- 18.44
29
3-9
3.9
3.9
4.4
4.4
4-4
4-4
4.4
4.6
4.9
"346
5.0
-10.4
"54
- 17.06
30
11.880
11.800
ii.3«3
10. 557
10. 103
9.673
10.000
9.820
9.643
9.630
IO.9IS
"7. 34
4.95
12.38
-H.17
—11.22
—11.50
-11.89
—13.17
-12. 39
— 13.32
-"a. 33
—12.44
-12.44
-11.73
-8.14
- "5.04
7.87
- 11.72
• From the observed hourly readings.
I
! 'i
§
If!
(Hi
I ft'l :
m
180
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
OCTOBER, 1881.
Table XLVI. — Temperature of the air, October^ 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduced to local mean time by adding 49'<>
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters],
<>=: + 8i''44' X = — 64045'-^^ — 4'' 19""
I a. m.
2
2 a. m.
8...
9.--
10 ...
11 ...
12 ...
13---
14.-
'S --
16 ...
XT ...
18...
19.--
20 ._.
21 ...
22 ....
23
24.
25
26.
27
28
j 29
30
I 3' ■
Means ..
I Means in ;
cenli-
5-4
5-S
8.6
-II. I
-13.8
-3-4
-2.3
3-4
-5-6
-S-6
- 8.1
-II. 6
-17. I
-18.6
-13-4
-25- 1
-17.9
-25. 6
-25. • ,
-16.4 I
-4-4 |-
0.6 I
-15.4 !■
-10. 1
-4.8
-0.6
- 6. I i
- 2. I
-2.9
-6.6
- 3. I
- 8. 171
5-4
50
I 90
I- 10.8
-13.8
- 3-4
- 0.8
I 2. 9
1-6.8
\- 5.7
- 8.6
— 12.6
-17.6
-13-6
-12. 6
-23.6
-17.6
-24.6
-22. 6
-18.8
- 3-6
2.9
3 a. m. 4 a. m.
5-4
4-9
7.6
-8.7
-15-4
- 6.1
- 0.6
|— 14.4
-21. \
-18.6
-13-6
-23.6
-17.6
5.6
5-3
8.6
2. I
8.039 i
-24,
-23.
•5
- 3'
- 2,
grade .1—22.33 —22.22
-14.6
-9.6
-3-6
4.9
- 7-6
4.1
- 6.6
-S-6
-4.6
^^87
—22.44
4.9
S-4
6.8
-II. I
-12.6
- 7-4
o. 2
3-4
- 6.8
-4.6
- 8.1
-13.6
-18.6
-17.6
-14.4
-24.6
-'7-3
-25.6
-21.0
-18.8
- 4'
-3-6
-13-6
- 7-6
- 56
2.4
-6.9
- 0.6
- 5- 5
-9.6
- 54
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
8-435
-22.44
4-4
S-4
2.4
-II. 6
-12.6
- 9-«
0.6
2.4
- 7-6
-3-8
- 7-6
-14- I
-19.6
-IS- 1
-IS. 6
-24.6
-18. 5
-23-9
-18.2
-16.6
- S-2
- 7.6
-16.4
- 6.8
- 6.6
4-4
- 7-4
- 0.6
-3-6
- 9.6
- 6.6
4.6
5-9
2.7
--11.4
—II. I
-8.6
1.4
1.9
-6.3
-2.6
- 7-6
-13-6
-16.8
-14. I
-•7-2
—25.6
-17.2
.7.8
20. 3
-18. 1
-6.8
-9-6
7 a. m.
1-4
7.6
9.6
0.4
8.687— 8.487
-22.61
-22. SO
4.4
6.2
J-3
-9-6
-II. 6
- 8.6
1.4
1-9
-13.6
- 2.6
- 6. I
-14. I
-18.
-17-
•7-
-25-
-«S-
-2S.6
-17.6
-14.6
- 4-4
-II. I
-14. I
- S-6
- 3-6
2.2
- 1.6
0.4
-6.4
- 6.6
- 5.6
8.387
-22. 44
8 a. m.
4-4
6.4
0.9
-13-4
-12. 2
-10. 6
0.6
2.0
-12. I
- 3-«
-6.6
-14.2
-19. S
-IS- 6
-18.6
-2S. I
-14.6
-26.7
-22.3
-17. I
-6.6
-9.6
-14.9
-9.6
- 3-«
- o. I
- S-4
-4.6
- S-4
- 6.6
-4.8
- 9- 294
-22. 94
9 a. m.
4-9
6.4
-0.4
-II. 9
-II. 8
- 8.4
0-3
2. I
-II. I
- 3-6
- 7-1
-12. 6
-21.6
-18.6
-22.6
-27.0
-13-8
-31- '
-22. I
-IS- 4
9.1
-II. 6
-1 1. 6
- 8.6
-6.6
- S-i
- S-6
-2.9
-8.8
- 7-3
- 6. I
9-9S8
-23- 33
4-9
S-7
-0.9
-12. 6
- 9.6
- 8.4
0.6
1-4
- 9.1
- 4-1
- 7.6
-12. 6
-20. 6
-19. I
-14. I
-26. I
-14. I
-24.1
-21. 6
-«2.S
-6.6
-12.6
-13-6
- 6.1
- 5-1
-4.4
- S-6
-2.6
-8.6
- S-S
-4.6
9.026
—22. 78
Noon.
4-9
6-4
- 1.6
- 6.1
-10. 2
-10.3
o. 2
1-4
- 7-4
-6.4
- 8.4
-13-6
-20. 2
-20. 2
-17.8
-2S-9
-14.6
-26.8
-17.6
-9-8
-8.9
-10.8
- 8.6
- 8.6
- 8.6
- 3-7
- 8.6
- 2.9
- 6.6
- S-6
- 8.6
— 9. 250
-22. 89
4-9
7-4
- 1.6
-10.3
- 9-9
-10. 9
0.2
1.4
-6.4
- S-i
10.6
-14.9
-20. 6
-21. I
-15.0
-25-9
-25.6
-21. 2
- 8.6
-8.4
-13-6
-12.8
- 6.2
- 6 o
-4-6
- 8.8
-2.9
- 9-«
- 7-6
- 6.1
I p. m.
2 p. m.
9S29
-23.06
4-9
7-4
- 1.6
-10.9
- 9-<
-12.6
o-S
1.6
- 3-6
- S-6
-12.8
-IS- 6
-21.6
-19.8
-«3- I
-28.4
■IS- 6
-27.8
-21.6
-10.6
-10.6
-11.6
-12.6
- 5-8
- S.6
-6.8
- 8.8
-8.4
- 8.8
- 6.8
- 71
— 9. 961
-23- 33
4-4
6.9
3-1
-II. 8
- 92
- 8. (.
I 4
1-4
- 2. 2
- S-I
-8.6
-17.0
-21.8
-19.1
-14. 6
-27.1
-17.6
-26. 7
-19. 6
-10. 6
-9.6
•SI
-13.6
- 6.1
- 1. 1
- 8.4
-4.6
- 5-3
-10. 6
- 71
- 9-6
- 9. 669
-23- 17
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
181
m.
2 p.m.
9
4
4-4
6-9
.6 -
-.3-1
.9 —II. 8
. 1 — 9 2
.6 -
- 8.6
>-5
1.4
.6
14
5.6 -
- 2. 2
5.6 -5«
2.8 -8.6
5.6 -170
1.6 -21.8
9.8
-19. 1
VI
-14.6
«.4
-27.1
s-(>
-17.6
7.8
-26.7
1.6 -19.6
0.6 —10.6
0. 6 — 9. 6
1.6 -15'
2.6
-I.V6
5.8
— 6.1
5.6
— I. 1
6.8
- 8.4
8.8
- 4.6
8.4
- S3
8.8
— 10. 6
6.8
- 7.1
7«
-9-6
5.961— 9.669
3. 33 \-'i' '7
OCTOBER, 1881.
Table XLVI. — Temperature of the air^ October, 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time hy adding 491'
Thermometer abuvu tlie ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
9= + 81° 44' X = -64» 45' - - 4" 19'"
3 P- ">•
4 p. . ..
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
7p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
V
means in
igrade.
4.3
1°
2-9
- 15-28
I
3'
3-4
4-4
4-4
4-2
4.2
4.S
4-4
4.6
4SS4
6.0
3-1
6.4
6.4
6.9
7.2
7.4
8.1
8.3
7-S
6.4
7-3
6.S33
8-3»
4- I
4.2
- 14.17
2
-7-6
- 7.6
- 5-3
—10.8
- 9-7
-10. 5
— 10.6
—10.8
-1.3-3
— 12.0
- 2.838
9.0
-13-3
22.3
- 19-33
3
-•3 «
— 12.9
—12. 1
— II.O
-14.2
-14. 1
-14. 1
-IS.8
-12.6
-14.4
— 11.900
- 5.0
- 16.0
II.O
— 24. 39
4
-8.8
- 70
-7.9
- 7.»
—10. 9
-9-1
- 7-4
- 5.6
-4.6
-36
— 9.812
— 2.5
— 16.0
13- S
— 23-22
5
;-ii.8
-12.8
- 8.6
-11.7
- 97
-9.6
- 9-6
- 6.1
-4.8
-3-6
- 8.529
I.O
-I4. 2
15.2
— 22.50
6
s-s
6.4
6.2
S.6
S-4
4. I
3-6
3-3
2.4
2.4
2.025
7.0
- 2.5
95
- 16.67
7
0.4
— 0. 1
0.2
-3.6
-3-4
— 4- «
-6.4
-6.9
-6.6
- 6.1
- 0.250
6.8
- 6.9
13-7
- 17.89
8
-4-4
- 4«
-4.4
-4.2
-3-4
- 5-0
— 4.1
- 55
- 5.1
- 4.8
- 6.238
0. 1
— 14. 1
14.2
— 21.22
9
-5-6
- 9-6
-9.6
-6.9
— 8.6
- 9 I
— 91
-9.4
—10.6
-8.6
— 6.288
0.0
— io.6»
10.6
— 21.28
10
-9-7
-II. I
— 10.9
—II. 4
-10.7
-13- 1
— 8.6
-8.6
-12.6
-12.9
- 9417
- 4-8
- 13 2
8.4
— 23.00
II
-14.6
-15. I
-16.2
—16.9
— 16.4
— 14.6
-15-8
—16.9
-16.4
-23.6
-15-042
- 6.5
— 23.6
17. 1
— 26. II
12
-22. 0
— 19.6
-16.6
— 19.8
-17.6
—16.6
—19.6
-18.6
-13-6
—19.6
— 19. 121
— 12.0
— 25.0
13-0
— 28.39
13
—21. 1
-21.9
-17. I
-19. 1
—18.8
— 19.0
-18. 1
-15.6
-14-3
-13-6
-17.804
— 10. 0
— 25.0
15.0
- 27.67
14
-15.6
- 16.6
-17.6
-17.9
-17.6
-18.6
-19.5
— 22. 6
—20.6
—20.6
- 16. 975
— 12.0
— 24.5
12.5
— 27.22
IS
-26,6
-26.4
-25.6
-24.4
—20.9
— 20.9
—21.6
—20.1
-18.6
-17.8
- 24. 204
-I7.8«
— 29.7
II. 9
— 31-22
16
-21.6
— 22. I
-21.7
-23.6
-23- 3
—19.6
-22.6
-25.6
-23- 3
—22. 1
- 18. 875
-130
-26.3
13-3
- 28.28
17
—29. 6
— 26.6
-25.4
-27.6
-27.1
-27.8
-25,4
-25.6
-25.6
-22.6
—26.242
-2I.5«
-31.1
9.6
- 32.33
18!
-19.1
-21.6
—19.8
—20.0
-17.6
—20.6
-18.9
—21. 1
-19.6
-18. 1
— 20. 408
— 16.0
- .6. 3
10.3
— 29. 1 1
■9
-9.4
- 9«
— 8.6
-8.6
-6.4
-6.8
- 6.1
-S.6
-6.6
— SI
— 11.492
— 4.0
— 20. 7
16.7
— 24. 17
20
—10.6
— 10.8
-9.6
- 5-6
-6.6
— 4.4
- 3.6
- 1-7
- 1.6
2.4
— 6.000
4.0
— 13-2
17-2
— 21. II
21
-9.6
— 12.8
-12.6
—10.6
-16. I
—14.6
-15.4
-18.9
-IS- 4
-17. 1
— 10. 783
70
-19.9
26.9
- 23.78
22
-14. I
-II. 8
-136
-II. 4
-14. 1
—12.6
—10.2
—10.8
—12. I
-12.4
-13.088
- 8.6«
— 17.9
9-3
— 25.06
23
— 10.6
- 7-8
-12.6
~ 11
-5-6
- 5.1
-- 6.6
-5-3
-3-6
-5.6
— 7-492
— 2.0
— 14.2
12.2
— 21.94
241
- 1.6
— 2.6
- 3.6
— 6.6
1.6
— 0.6
- 1.6
- 1.8
-2.8
- 1.6
- 3-7S8
7.0
- 8.6.
IS 6
- 19.89
^ 1
2S
-7.8
— 6.6
- 3-6
— 4.4
-0.9
0.4
— 26
— 8.1
- 5.6
- 6.1
— 2.554
8.0
-8.5
16.5
- 19.22
26!
- 6.6
-8.8
-5-9
- 6.6
-6.4
- SI
-79
-6.6
-0.6
- 6.6
- 6.167
2.0
-10.4
12.4
— 21.22
27 i
- 3.6
— 2. 1
- 4.1
- 1.6
— 2. 1
-2.6
— 4. J
— 6.1
-8.6
-2.6
— 3. 262
4.0
- 8.6»
12.6
— 19.61
1
28 1
— 8.1
-8.6
—10. 1
- 7.0
- 9.1
—10. 1
- 7.6
- 7-6
-7-6
-6.9
- 7-438
5.8
— 12.2
18.0
— 21.89
29 i
-5.6
-4-6
— 1.6
0.4
-S.6
- 1.8
- 0.6
-5-6
-2.6
— 1.6
- S.496
3-0
— 10.4
13-4
- 20.83
30
- 7.6
— 10.6
—II. 6
-9.4
-9.6
-13-6
-II. 6
—12. 1
—10. 6
— 10.4
- 7-S42
4-S
-14.2
18.7
- 21.94
31
9-994
-10.174
- 9. 66s
- 9. 526
- 9-47'
- 9. 46s
- 9 4S8
- 9. 958
-9.248
— 9- 139
- 9- 2223
- 1.68
—15. 16
13 47
-23- 33
-23.44
-23- «7
—23.06
—23.06
— 23.06
—23.06
-23- 33
—22, 89
-22. 83
—22.90
—18.72
— 26. 22
7-5°
- 22.90
■ From tlie observed hourly readings.
yfT
I J
1 i:
182
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
NOVEMBER, 1881.
Table KINW.— Temperatute of the air, Nm ember, 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 491"
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
^ = 4.81° 44' ^ = — 64°4S' = — 4" 19"'
Date.
I a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
S a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
1
I
- 7.4
-7.6
- 8.1
-8.6
- 8.6
-6.9
-9.9
-9.6
-8.6
-7.0
- S.I
- 5- 1
-4.6
-5.6
2
- 7-6
-8.6
— 9.4
-9.6
- 91
-8.4
-7.6
— 7-1
-6.9
— 6.6
-5-6
-4.8
-4.6
- 4-4
3
-6.8
-6.6
- 71
-7-4
-7.8
-9.6
— 10.6
—14.6
-15.6
—10. 6
—18.6
-16.6
-14.6
-15.6
4
- 7-6
- 8.1
— 93
— 10.2
-12.6
12. s
— 10.6
-13-8
— 14.6
-12.9
-13-6
-13-6
->3-'
-13-6
5
-18.1
-18.6
— 18.6
-19. I
—20.4
-23.6
-23.6
-21.6 •
-21. s
—20. 1
— 18. 1
-17.8
—16.4
-16.6
6
-14. 1
-II. 6
-II. 8
-II. 6
-8.4
- 91
- 71
— 8.2
-7.6
-7.8
-7-8
— 6.8
— 6.6
- 7-1
7
-II. 8
-II. 8
-12.6
-«3-7
-14.7
-15.8
— 14. 6
-II. s
-13- 1
-12.9
-12.6
—12. 1
—12. 2
-II. 8
8
— 10.4
-9.8
- 8.6
-9.4
-10.3
—10.4
-10.3
--, 9.1
— 10.4
— 10. 6
— 10.6
— II. I
-12.6
-12.5
9
— 14.6
-«S-4
-16. I
-17.0
-18. I
-19.2
-18.6
—20. 1
— 19. 6
— 20. 6
—21.6
—22.4
-21.8
-23.1
10
— 29. 1
-30.1
-3'«
-3»'
-32- I
-30.2
29.1
—30.6
—30. 6
-32.6
—32.1
-31.6
-34 I
-33-6
II
-32-8
-33-6
-33- 4
-33- «
-33- I
-32.6
JS-4
-35-8
-35-2
-32.6
—34-6
-32- 4
-32.8
-30-5
12
-27.1
-29.1
-28.1
-27.1
-27.8
-32.1
-34-6
-34-6
-35-5
—36.2
-35-7
-32.6
-34-9
-3*- 9
>3
-25.8
-25.6
-25.6
—26.2
-25. 9
—27.1
-27-3
—26.6
-33-8
—29.6
-31-6
—30-4
-31-6
-30.4
14
— 29.6
-31-6
-ii-^
-33.6
-32.6
-33.6
-36.1
-35-6
-34-2
-34-2
—34-6
-35-'
-36.1
-35-8
•5
— 34-8
—32-9
—28.6
—28. 6
—28.6
—27.4
—29.6
—26.6
-25.6
—24.6
-25.6
—26. 1
-27.1
-27.1
16
— 20.4
—19.5
—21.6
-21.8
-22.4
—20.6
—18.6
-17-6
— 14.6
-«3-i
-12.8
-13.6
—14. I
-IS. I
"7
— 24.4
-25.6
-27.9
— 30. 6
-30.4
—29.6
-32.4
-33-2
—30.6
-30.6
-30. 6
-28.6
—30.6
-28.4
i3
-25.6
-26.1
-26.1
-25- S
-28.1
-25.6
-28.1
-28.6
-26.6
-27.1
-26.6
—27-5
-26.6
-25-4
•9
-23.6
—24. 6
-23. 7
—22. I
—20.4
—20. 4
—20. 2
-22.3
-23-6
—27.6
-25.1
-24.6
-23.6
-23-6
20.
-16. I
—24. 6
—22. 1
-23.4
-23.6
— 19.1
—21. '■
—21.6
—22. 6
—24. 6
-25.1
-18. 1
-20.7
—20.1
21
-16.6
—12.6
-18.6
—20. 6
-23.6
—21. I
-21.4
--24. 6
-27.1
-26.1
28.6
-27.1
-31-6
-26.1
2J.. ...
-25.6
-27.6
—30.6
-32.1
-23.6
—30.6
-28.6
—24.6
-29.9
-28.6
—29.6
-30.8
-26.6
-32-8
2J
-34-6
-37-9
-33-4
—30. 6
-32.7
-34. 1
-33.6
-30.6
-32.4
-32.1
-32.9
-33-8
— 3S-3
-34-6
24
-32.7
-32- 5
-33- 5
-32.0
-34-5
-31-9
—29. 6
—30. 6
—29.8
-3«.6
-33-1
-31-6
-31-9
-3«i
25
-27.6
—28.4
-28.6
-28.8
-27.6
—26.6
-27.6
-27.6
— 3i-«
-27.9
-27.6
- 30. 6
-29.3
-33-1
26
-32- 9
-3-«-4
—32. 2
-34-4
-34-7
-34.6
-35- 4
-34-6
-32.7
-31.6
-29.1
-35- 2
-33- i
-32 I
27
-31.1
-28.6
—29. 6
-31.6
-33- 1
—30.6
—32.6
-33-6
-33.6
-36.1
-35-6
-33-6
-35-6
-35-9
28
-36.6
-35- 1
—36.0
-36- ■
-36.7
-35-2
-38.2-
-38.5.
-33-6
-35-4
—34-6
-33-3
-36-3
—34.6
29
-37-9
-34-6
-35-6
-34- '1
-35'
-36.4
—34. 6
—34-6
-36.2
—36.6
-36-1
-35-6
-35-6
-36.4
30
Means . .
-35. 9
-37-4
-36.8
-36. 8
-36.9
-38. I •
-40.6'
-37-6
-39-6'
-37.6
-40.8*
-39- 6"
-35 o-
-39-6-
-23.307
-23.617
-23-927
-24. 257
-24. 450
-24- 433
-24-937
-24- 853
-25. 227
—24. 850
-25- 233
—24- 737
—24. 967
-24. 98;
Means
incenti-
paile..
-30 72
-30. 89
—31.06
—31.28
-31- 33
-31.33
-31-61
—31.61
-3'- 78
-3«-S6
-31.78
-31-50
—31.67
-3'-67
• From spirit (alcotiolj thermometer. All readiogsabove — 37°.9 from mercurial unless mariced '. All readings from — 37°.9 downward and those marked • are from
alcohol.
!l : J
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPFDITION.
183
1. 2 p. m.
-5.6
- 4-4
,_,S.6
— «3-6
I-16.6
- 7-»
2 -II. 8
6 -12.5
. 8 -23. 1
I —33-6
1.8 1—30.5
►■9 1-3*- 9
.6 —30-4
5.1 -35-8
7.1 -27- >
I 1-«S-
1.6
—28. 4
5.6
-25.4
3-6
— 23. 6
0.7
—20.1
1.6
-26.1
6.6
-32.8
S.3
-34-6
1-9
-31.1
9-3
-33- >
3 •
-32. I
S^
-35-9
6.3
—34-6
5-6
-36. 4
iS-o
-39- 6-
NOVEMBER, 1881.
Table XLVIL — Temperature of the air, November, i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding ^vf^
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
0=-f.8l'»44' X = — 64045' = — 4'> 19m
3p.m.
4T). m.
Sp.m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Daily means in
centigrade.
I
I
-7.6
-7.8
- 7.8
-7.8
-7.6
— 7-4
-7.6
-6.9
— 6.6
— 7.1
— 7-412
— 4.0
—10.4
6.4
— 21.89
-4.6
— 5.3
— 5-5
- 6.8
-7.8
-7.6
— 10. 1
-S.6
— 7-4
— 7-1
— 7.004
-3.0
—10.4
7.4
-21. 67
2
-15.1
— 12. 6
-14.2
-13-6
-II. 6
— II. I
— 10.4
—10.4
—10.6
— 9.4
— 11.712
-35
—18.6
15.!
— 24. 28
3
—14.9
—20. 6
— 18.4
-14.9
-13.0
-1S.6
— 12. 9
—14.1
—14.6
-1S.9
-«3.37S
— S.o
-20.7
15-7
— 25. 22
4
-14.6
— 14.6
— 12.6
-14.9
-14.9
-IS. 6
—15.5
-13-4
-13.6
—12.6
-17.338
— 8.-0
-23.6
15.6
— 27. 39
5
— 6.6
— 6.6
— 10. 1
—10. 1
-7.6
-7.6
— 8.6
— 10. 6
—10.7
— 10.6
— 8.946
- 9-2
-14. I"
4.9
— 22.72
6
-11.4
-10. 6
— 10.4
~^l
-9.6
-9.6
-9.6
-9-7
-9.8
—10. 1
-11.738
— 9.0
—16.0
7.0
— 24. 28
7
-II. 8
-II. 8
-II. 8
—II. 8
-II. 6
—13.0
—14. I
—14.4
—14.6
—14.6
— 11.483
— 8.0
—15.!
7.1
- 24. 17
8
-23.1
-23-6
— 25.9
-27.6
-27.6
—29.8
—28.6
-33-4
—30.4
—28.6
-22.783
—14. 6«
-35- 0
20. 4
— 30.44
9
-33-6
-32.6
- 34. 1
-32- 1
-31.6
-32.1
-32.6
-32.6
—33.4
—34.6
— 3«.97i
—28.0
—38.0
10. 0
-35-56
10
-32. 9
-31.6
-2S.9
-26.4
-26.6
-26.1
-23.8
—24.8
— 2S. 6
—26.6
- 30. 758
—23.0
-39.0
16.0
-34.89
II
-33.6
-3?!
— 32.1
-30.4
-27.4
--28.6
— 27. 6
— 26.0
-25.6
—24.1
— 30.679
—24.0
—38.0
14.0
-34-83
12
—34-6
—26.8
-37-8
-34- 0
— 30.6
—28.1
—29.4
—28.6
- -30. 4
— 29. 6
— 29. 475
— 18.0
— 40.0
22.0
- 34. 17
13
-34.8
—34.6
-37-6
-38.!
-33-6
-35-6
-35- 6
-34-8
-34.8
—34.6
- 34. 579
-25.0
— 40.0
15.0
-37.00
14
-28.1
—24.6
-24.1
-23- I
—22.4
—21.6
—20.7
—20.7
—20.8
—20.4
— 2S.821
—20.0
—38.0
18.0
— 32.11
>5
-IS. I
-IS- 6
-•5.5
-l6. 1
— 17.0
-17. 1
—17. I
—19.6
—20. 1
—22.6
-17.567
-II. s
-34.8
23- 3
-27.56
16
-3I.O
-29.6
-31-2
-31.6
-28.1
—30.8
-29.1
—27.6
-25.6
—25.9
-29-333
-23.0
—36.0
13.0
— 34-06
• 7
-27.1
-28.1
-27.6
—24.8
-25.6
-25.8
— 2S. 6
-2S. I
—24.6
-23.6
- 26. 308
-15.0
--28. 6»
13.6
- 32. 39
18
-17.4
—20.6
-16.6
-12.6
-13.6
-14.2
-IS. 4
—17.9
-IS. 6
—20.1
— 20. 392
—12.0
— 3«.>
19. 1
— 29. 1 1
19
—18.4
-18.6
— 20.8
—20.6
-17.4
-16.6
—17. 1
—16. I
-15.6
-17.6
— 20. 088
—14.0
-28.3
14.3
- 28. 94
20
—30.8
—29.8
— 33.>
-32.7
—30.6
—26.6
—30.6
-27.6
—28.2
-2S.6
— 25. 888
-15.0
-350
20.0
-32. >7
21
-35-6
-36.3
-34.2
-37.6
-35. 1
-35.6
-33-6
— 34. «
—34.6
—34.6
-31-392
—22.0
—41.0
19.0
-3S-^S
22
—30.6
-3i!
-33-4
— 30.6
—34. 6
-32-5
—34.6
-35-4
-35.8
-32.1
- 33- 32s
—28.0
—42.0
14.0
- 36. 28
23
-32.6
—28.6
— 30.6
-3ii
-27.7
— 29. 6
—27.9
—30.8
—27.1
—23.6
— 30- 875
-27.0
-35.8
8.8
— 34. 94
24
-27.7
-31-9
-31.6
-28.6
-28.1
—29.7
-34- I
-27.6
— 33.«
—33.2
— 29. 500
-25. 5
-33.2
7.7
- 34- 17
25
—36.0
—33-4
-33.6
-33-8
-32.8
—31.4
-32.6
-31.6
—30.2
—31-2
- 32. 983
-28.0
-38.0
10. 0
-36.11
26
—34-6
-37-1
-38.0
-37.6
-37.6
-36.1
-35-6
-3S.8
—38.0
-37.6
— 34. Sj"
-26. 5
-39-0
•2.5
-37.00
27
-33- 8
-37-'
-34-4
-35-6
-34.8
-34. 4
-33. 7
-31 6
-35.6
-33.'
-35- '83
-3'. 5
-39.5
8.0
- 37. 33
28
—34-4
—36.4
-33.6
-36.1
-37.8
-37.0
—34.4
—37.1
—40 I •
-36.1
- 35. 967
—30.0
- 40. 5
10.5
- 37- 78
29
-38- 8-
-38. I •
-38.6-
-37.6'
-24 943
-19. 6"
—37. 3'
-37- 6-
-35.5*
-35.6
— ." 4
—37. 558
-3«.9
-43.0
II. I
-38 67
30
—25. 040
-24. 987
—25.370
— 24. 120
—24- «37
—24. 203
-23.980
—24. 290
—23. 940
- 24. 5328
— 18. n
-3«-42
13.3'
-3>-67
-31. 67
-31. 89
-31.61
—3'- 17
-31. 17
-31.22
—31. n
— 3>. 28
—31.06
-31.41
-27.83
-3S- 22
7.39
-3».4>
1
• From the observed hourly readings.
* Prom spirit (alcohol) thermometer.
[i1
1!
184
THE LADY FltANKLlN BAY EXPEDITION.
DECEMBER, 1881.
Table XLVIII — Temperature of the air, December, i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49™
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
Vt= + 8l<'44' ^:^ — 64045' = — 4" ig"
■A
Date.
2 ..
3 --
4 --
5 --
6 ..
9
10
u
12
'J
•4
15
l6
17
18
>9-
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3'
Means . .
Means in
centi
grade
-3'4
-23.8
-22.8
-27.8
-17. I
34- J
—32-9
—32.4
— 30-7
24. 6
32- 7
-3>'. I
2y. I
—28.1
27- 4
—42.8
39-2
44.2
-42. !
—46. 2
-37-4
-28.1
—28. I
23- 4
— 34«
-23- S
-27.1
35-6
32. 9
—46.7
-39. 9
-31.6
-26.
-22.
-28.
-19.
-33.
-32.
-32-
-30.
-23-
-34-
-37- S
-28.6
-27.6
-27.6
-43- o
-39-7
-43-7
-43-2
-46. 2
-35- o
-28.1
-28.1
-23.6
-33'2
-23- 4
-28.6
-35.6
-32.6
-46.7
-41.2
3 a. m.
-3«i
-25.8
-23. 6
-29.6
-19. 6
-33' 4
-28.6
-30- 4
-28.4
-24.1
-33- I
-3S-2
-28.4
-27. 6
-33. 6
-38-4
-39-2
-42. 2
-41.7
-40. 2
-35-9
-27.6
-26.8
-24.1
-38.2
-22. 0
-28.6
-40. 2
-32. 6
-44-7
-43-7
4 a. m.
-30.1
-23. I
-25. 2
-3«i
-19.9
-32. S
-32.8
-30.6
-30.2
-23.6
-32.6
-3S-6
-28.4
-27.6
-33-9
-43-2
-38.2
1-42.7
—42. 2
-39-2
—34-6
—27.6
— 27.6
—24.1
-35.6
-23. I
—28. 6
-39-2
-31.6
-43-7
—44. 1
-32.332-32.571
—35- 72 —35- 89
32. 242 -32. 339
-35-67
-3S' 72
5 a. m.
-3'-9
-21. I
-24. 5
- 32. 6
-20.8
-32. 9
- 30. 6
-30.8
-23. I
-32.8
-39-2
-28. 5
- 27.6
-35-6
-41.2
-40. 2
-46.7
- 42. 2
-38.2
-34-1
-28.0
■28.1
24.4
37-6
•23.6
28.8
■39-2
- 32. I
-42.7
■42.7
-32.754
6 a. m.
-3'»
—21. 1
-24. 1
— 27.6
—21. 1
-33' o
-33-6
- 30- '
—30-7
—23- 4
-33-6
—34-6
-28.6
—27.6
-36.9
-46.5
-39' o
—44.2
-42.5
-44.2
—32.0
-27- 7
-26.6
-24.1
-39-9
-22. 8
-27.4
—32. I
—32. 6
-39' 9
-45.1
-32. 377
-36.00 —35.78
7 a.m.
-311
-19. 6
-26.7
-29. I
-21. 6
-35-6
-33-7
-30.6
-328
-23.1
-34-6
-34
-28
-27
-39
-41
-40.0
-41. 2
-43-2
-44-7
-33.6
-26.6
-25.1
-24,1
33-6
-22. 9
-28.6
-34- I
-32.6
-40.7
-42.7
-32. 368
-35- 78
8 a. m.
— 29. I
-22. 2
-26. 4
-30.1
-21.8
-33-6
-35°
-30.4
-33-3
-22. 6
-32.6
-35- 6
-28.4
-25.6
-33- «
-42. 2
-39-2
-41.7
-42.7
-46. 2
-33-6
-26. 7
-25 S
-24. I
-32.8
-23.4
-28.1
-36.1
-38.7
-39-7
-46. 2
-32. 474
-35- 83
9 a. m.
-28.6
— 17.6
—24.6
-29.4
— 21. 6
-32. 4
-31- 6
-30-S
-32.8
— 26. 4
—32.4
—34-6
-28.5
—25.6
—41.2
-40. 2
-39-2
-44.2
-45-7
-46.7
-32. I
-28.8
-24. 6
-24.1
-34-6
-23.6
-29.9
-39-2
-37- 1
-37' 2
-40. 2
-32.426
-IS. 78
—32. 032
-3S- 56
-27. 6
-16.4
-25.4
-24. 6
-24. 6
-32.4
-3«"
-30. I
-29. 6
-24. 6
-31.6
-31.6
-28.6
-26.4
-44-2
-41.7
-41.7
-42. 2
-40. 2
-47-9
-32.0
-26.9
-23.8
-24.1
-31.6
-23.6
-34-7
-44.2
-38.1
-34-6
-38.2
—32. 077
-35- 61
Noon.
-27.6
-14. o
-25.3
-23. 6
-23- 9
-35-2
-33-4
-32. I
-28.6
-24.4
-3«i
-3««
-28.8
-26.6
-41.0
-42. 2
-40.
-40.
-47-
-50.
-32.
-27.6
-24.1
-25- 5
-3«'
-23.6
-34.4
-40.2
-42. 2
-33-1
-38.3
-32. 255
-35-72
I p. m.
—27.8
-12.7
-23.6
-22.4
-22.9
-33-6
-31-5
-33-6
-28.6
-25-5
-30.9
-3'.o
-29.4
-27.6
-41.7
-40.0
-38.7
-41.7
-45.7
-44.7
-32.8
-27.8
-23.6
-24.9
-27.6
-23.6
-34.1
-44-2
-41.2
-33-6
-36- 9
2 p.m.
—27.8
— II.O
-23.8
—20. 1
-25.6
—32.6
—32.6
—30. 1
—26.6
—25.2
-33- 4
—30.6
—29.1
—28.6
-41.2
-39-2
— 39- 7
-41 7
-43- 2
-SO- 9
-30-9
—27.0
-23- S
—24.6
—26.6
-23- 5
-33-4
-41.2
—42.7
-32- 9
-330
-3«-739
-31-364
35-39 -35-22
ii
THE LADY TEANKUN BAY EXPEDITION.
185
DECEMBER, i88i.
Table XLVIII. — Temperature of the ait , December, 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters],
^= + 81044' A== — 64045'= — 4'' 19'"
3p.m.
4p.m.
5 p.m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p.m.
9p.m.
10 p. m.
II p.m.
Midn'l.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
1
Daily means in
centigrade.
1
—26.7
—26. 7
-25- 3
— 24. 2
-23' S
-22.4
-23- 3
-24.4
-25.4
-24.9
-27. 550
- 22. 3
-33-S
II. 2 -33.U
— 10. 6
— 10. 4
-II. 6
-II. 4
-II. 6
— J I. I
-13-6
-16.3
—19.6
— 20.4
-16.883
-10.0
-27-3
17.3 -27.17
2
-23-4
—21.6
-23.1
-23.6
-25.1
-25.9
-26. I
-25.9
-26.2
-27.6
-24. 738
-15.0
-27.8
12.8 1—31.50
3
-19.6
-21.6
-17.1
-16.6
-15.6
-iS-6
-15.6
-14.6
—14.6
-•53
-22.975
— 14. 6»
-32.0
17.4 1-30.56
4
-22.8
-27.6
-25.8
-30.8
-25.6
-26.6
—30. 6
30.4
-ii-^
-34-1
—24. 667
-I7.i»
-36.2
19. I [-31-50
s
-35- 6
-35- 4
—30.6
— 36.4
-31.6
-3'- 5
-35'
— ,0. 8
-32.6
-32.6
-33-321
— 29.0
-38.0
9.0
- 36. 28
6
-33-6
-33- 1
-32.1
— 33-4
-32- 9
-35' «
— 32. 2
2.6
—34-6
-30.6
—32- 721
-27.0
-35-0*
8.0
- 35- 94
7
-326
~^l\
-32.6
— 3"-4
-35.6
-326
-33.8
- 29. 6
-33-9
-30.8
-31.650
— 28.0
-35-6
7-6
— 35-33
8
-27.4
-26.8
-27.2
-25.6
-29.1
—29. 1
-27.4
-26.6
-25- 3
25. 1
-28. 933
— 24.0
-340
10. 0
-33.83
9
1-2.3.6
-23.6
-24. 5
— 24.6
-26.5
-25.6
-27.6
—29.1
-30.6
32. S
-25.388
— 21.0
— 33.0
12.0
-31.89
10
-36. «
—il-^
—32.9
-32.6
-37- «
—40.2
—34-4
— 37->
-35.8
-34-8
-33. 779
— 30. 6"
— 41.0
10.4
-36.56
11
— 30-4
-301
—29.6
-29.4
-29' 3
-29. 3
-29.1
—29. 1
-28.7
-28.6
—32. 229
— 28. 6«
— 41.0
12.4
— 35-67
12
;— 28. 8
—29.2
-29.1
— 28.8
—28.6
—28.4
-28. 2
—28.1
-27.6
-27.9
-28. 596
— 27. 6»
-30.1
2.5
- 33- 67
'3
I-30- 4
—29.9
-32- 0
— 301
-33-5
—30. 6
— 310
-32.2
-33.3
-i^i
-28.917
-24.5
-35.5
II. 0
-33-83
'4
—41.7
—44.2
-42.2
-42.7
-43-2
-44.2
—40. 2
— 46. 2
—42.4
-44-2
-39.321
- 27. 4»
-48. 5
21. I
- 39- 61
'5
-38-7
— 40. 2
-38. 5
-38.2
—40.2
-38.7
-41.2
— 390
—39.0
-41. 5
—40. 862
-38.2.
— 49.0
10.8
-40.50
16
-38.7
-39- S
-42.7
-41.2
—46.2
-43- 0
—42. 2
-41.2
—46. 2
-43.7
-40. 792
- 38. 2»
-47-5
9.3
— 40. 44
17
—44.2
— 40. 2
—42.7
-41.7
—40. 2
-45.2
—42.7
—45- 5
-44.4
-41.2
-42. 771
— 40. 2»
- 47- 0
6.8
-41.56
18
-45-2
—43-2
—49-7
— 41.2
—44-3
-46.1
-49- S
—44.9
-49-2
—48.2
-44.396 — 40. 2«
- 49- 7'
9.5
42.44
'9
—44.9
—48.2
—43-2
— 44.2
-41.7
-43' 2
-41. 2
-37-5
-37.8
-37-4
-43. 854
- 37. 4*
-52.2
14.8
— 42. II 20 1
—30.6
—30.2
—30.1
— 30.6
—28.6
—29.6
-29- 3
—29.8
—29.6
—28.6
-3i.9>7
— 28.Q
- 37- 4"
9.4
- 35. 50
21
—26.8
-27.8
-27.6
-27.9
-28. I
—27.9
—28.1
-28.1
-28.1
-27. 9
-27. 683
— 26.0
-29.2
3.2
-33. '7
22
-23. S
—23-9
—24.1
-24.2
-23.8
—24.1
—24. I
—24.1
-23.8
-23- 9
—25.004
-23.0
-28.7
5-7
-3«.67
23
-24.4
-25.6
—29.1
— 28.6
—29.4
— 32.0
-30.1
—30.2
-33-6
-33.4
—26. 483
— 19.0
-34-7
■5.7
- 32. 50
24
-27.1
-25.6
—24.6
— 24.9
—24. 6
-24.5
-24.1
—24.1
—24.1
—24.1
—29. 846
— 22. 0
— 41.0
19.0
- 34. 33
25
-23- «
-22.6
-22.6
— 23. 6
-23.8
-23.6
-23.6
-24.6
-25.1
—26.6
-23- 596
-21.5
-27-3
5-8
-30.89
26
-32.6
-3S.4
-37-4
— 33-9
-36.6
—41.0
—36.4
—34- 1
-37-2
-35-4
—32- 738
— 21.0
— 41.0
20.0
- 35- 94
'27
-42.2
—44.2
-40.7
-37-7
—40. 2
-41.2
—40.7
-37-9
-37.1
-36.8
-38. 996
-32.0
— 46.0
14.0
- 39. 44
28
—44-7
-39- S
-4SI
-44-3
-43-2
—44-7
—42.7
—42.2
-41.4
-45.2
-39- «79
-3«.6'
-47-5
'59
-39-56
29
-33- «
-32.3
—33- I
-32- 4
-32.4
-35-6
-37-9
-38. 1
-35.6
-37.2
-37.S«2
— 32.0
- 46. 7'
14.7
— 38. 61
30
-3«-4
- 29. 6
—28.6
-27.6
-26, 1
—24.1
-27.6
-26.1
—24.9
—22. I
-35-033 1-22.0
-47-0
25.0
-37.32
31
I
-3I-43S
-3i-4'0
—31-497
-31.090
-3«-SS4
—32. 022
—31.922
—31.626
—32. 284
—32.061
—32.0106
— 26. 42
-38.72
12.30
-3S. 22
-3S. 22
-35- 28
-35.06
-35- 33
-3SS6
-3S- SO
-35' 33
-35. 72
-35- 61
-35. 56
- 32- 44
- 39. 28
6.84
-3S-S6
i
1
* From the observed hourly leadings.
' \i !
186
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EX*»BD1T10N.
i
JANUARY, 1882.
Table XLW,— TemJ>erature 0/ t/ie air, Jaiiuar}', 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49^
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters],
^=. + 8l«'44' i = — 64" 45' ^ — 4'' 19™
"it 1
Date.
I .
2.
3-
4-
5-
6.
7-
8.
9-
10.
II.
12..
•3
14-
'S
16.
• 7-
18.
'9-
20.
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Means . .
Means
in centi-
grade - .
2,?. I
24- S
-24. 6
-30-7
-27.4
-3S«
-30. 6
-47-7
-SO- 7
-50.4
-3>-4
-37-0
-48. S
-36.6
-27
-22,
-39
-34
-42
-34- o
-40.7
-48.4
-39-2
-46.7
48. 2
-44.0
-46.6
-42.5
-52-7
-43-2
-38- 187
—39.00
-21.6
-24.3
-25.6
-31' I
-27.0
-35-6
-336
-28.2
-44.0
-50.9
-52.9
-33-8
-37'
-55-
-37-
29. b
-24.7
-42.4
-36.0
-41.7
-36.9
-42. 2
-48.2
-42.0
-46.4
-49-7
-45-7
-47.1
-44-7
-45.2
-42.7
3 a. m. 4 a. m. 5 a. m
-38. 84s
-39- 33
-20. I
-24.6
-25.9
-29.7
-26.8
-36.
-32.
-3>-
-47-
-53-
-51.8
-35'
-37- I
-54- S
-36.7
-32.1
-25.9
-43- 3
-34-6
-44.0
-37.1
-42. 6
-49' 7
-42.4
-45-9
-4Q. 6
45.9
-45- 7
-43-7
-46.7
—42.3
39. 190
-39- 56
-21. I
-23.9
-25.6
-30.1
-27.4
-35- «>
-30-9
-3«-8
-48.4
-52.3
-49.2
-34-8
-37-6
-S3ti
-29.8
-28.8
-43-2
-35-7
-38.2
-36.9
-42. S
-49-7
-42. 6
-45-7
-48.
-44.
-47-
-43-
-43-
-42.7
-38. 777
-39- 33
23.1
-23.4
- 25.6
- 29. 6
-27.8
-34-6
-33-6
-36.6
47-7
-52.7
-SI. 6
-33-8
39' 4
- 56. 2
-34-7
3'i
-29.4
■47-1
■35-6
43-6
-35-
-42.
-49-
■44-
-46.
47.6
-44.2
47.0
•46.7
-42.7
-38.7
39.419
39. 67
6 a. ni.
-24. I
—22. 6
—27.1
—28.6
-27.8
-34-9
-31-4
—42.4
— 46. 2
-53-4
-47
-35
-39
-54
—34-6
-30-7
-3«"
-43-5
-36.3
-44-4
-36.
-43-
-47-
-43-
-46.6
-49.
-44.
-45-
47.
-42.
-38.2
—39- 329
-39. 61
-25- 1
—22. 5
-27- 3
-28.8
- 29.6
-35.8
-30.4
-39.4
-48.2
-53-4
-47-4
-36.6
-39-9
-55-9
-34-I
-30.
-3«-
-42.
-39-
-43-
-36.
-41.
-47-
-41.
-46.
-49-7
-42.7
-44- 5
-46.4
-38.2
-39-9
—39- 203
-39- 56
8 a. m.
-25.6
-21. I
-?7.o
-28.6
-31.6
35-6
-30-5
-40. 2
-45.2
-52.6
-46.6
-36.8
-39-2
-49-7
-33- 9
-29' 3
-3«-8
-42.9
-39-2
-43- o
-35' 4
-42.1
-45-9
-41. 1
-45-6
-50.2
-45-7
-43-7
-50.8
-37. 6
-38.1
-38. 927
-39- 39
9 a. ni.
-25.6
-22.0
-27.1
-28.6
-3«i
35-8
-3'»
-39-7
-47-9
-57' 2
-44-4
-36- 9
-40. 2
-47.2
-32.1
-26.
-3>-
-40.
-40.
-41.
-39-4
-45-6
-46. o
-43-2
-40.0
-47.0
-42. 2
-43- o
-48.3
-37-3
-3'>
-38. 368
-39"
-27.
—22.
-28.
-27-
-33-
-35- 6
-30.3
—42.0
-47.2
—48.2
-43-3
-36.1
-44.2
—45.0
-31.0
-25.6
-3'S
- -43- o
—40.7
-47-4
-38.5
—44. I
— 40. 2
—40. 2
-43-8
—48.2
—44-3
—40. 2
—48. I
-34-6
-3'- 7
-38. 190
-39.00
1 1 a. m. , Noon.
-23.6
-22. 6
-27.6
-27.8
-30.6
-35-6
-29. 6
-41.7
-50.2
-52.7
-42.7
-35.6
-42.1
-42.2
-30. I
-23.4
-3«.6
-40. 2
-40.0
-45-5
-37-4
-45-3
-29.4
-44-5
-43' 2
-48.0
-42. 3
-39-2
-53-2
-33- 7
-33.6
-37.581
-38.67
-25- «
-22.8
-28.6
-28.6
-30.6
-35-1
31-8
-42. 2
-50-2
-53-2
-44-2
-35-6
-43-2
-40. 2
-30.1
->3«
-31-7
-41.4
-40.4
-42.7
-34-6
-44.2
-27.8
-47,0
-43-5
-48.4
-42.4
-40.9
-52.1
-34- o
-35.6
p. m.
-24. 2
-22.8
-3«'
-26.6
-32.1
-36.1
-32. 6
-42. 2
-56.1
-50-3
-43-2
-34- 6
-48.2
-39-9
-28.9
-12.9
-33-8
-40.7
-42,0
-432
-34-7
-45-4
-25.4
-48.2
-46.0
-47.6
-44.1
-41. I
-48.2
-35-1
-36.5
2 p. m,
-28.6
-23. I
-32.1
3>-7
-33'
-395
■32.3
-42. 4
-54-6
-53-4
42. 3
-35- o
-47.2
-39' 2
-28.4
-11.
-35-
40.
-43-
-42.
-37- o
-43-6
-25. 1
-44-3
-46.2
-49.
-45-
-41.
-48.
-34-
-33- S
—37- 461
-37- 86s
-38.61
-38.83
—38. 226
-39.00
"-am
mmm
THE LADY FBANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
lt)7
JANU/ RY, 1882.
T\BLK \hW.— Temperature 0/ the air, yanuary, i88j,
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49>n
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
^ = + 81'' 44'
A _- — 64° 45' =; — 4'' igra
3 1>- 'n.
4 p. m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p m.
1 1 p. m.
Miihi't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
u
1.1
—29.8
-27.1
—28.1
-26.1
—24. I
-24. 6
-26. 1
-22.6
-28.2
—26. 2
- 25. 038
-21.5
— 30.1
8.6
—31.67
-23- 3
—24.6
—24. 6
-23.6
—22.8
-23.8
-23.6
-25.6
—26.6
-25.4
— 23. 612
— 20.0
— 27.3
7-3
-30.89
2
—il- '
-31.0
-31.4
- 330
-34-6
-36.2
-34-4
-33- I
~^?-^
—32 «
- 29- 767
— 24.0
— 370
13.0
— 34. 33
3
-28.1
—28.6
-33-6
— 29.9
-28.3
—29.4
— 29. 6
-25-5
—26.8
—25.7
— 28.908
— 24.0
— 34.0
10.0
-33.83
4
-33. 1
-11-^
-32-4
-30-8
-36.6
-35- 4
-36- •
-37- I
-37.6
-35-4
-31-838
—26. 8«
— 39-0
12. 2
- 35. 44
5
-42.2
-41.2
-39-2
- 39- 4
-39-2
—37-2
-38.2
-35' 4
—34- 1
-34.8
— 36- 746
—32.0
— 44.0
12.0
-38-17
6
-30-9
— 29. 6
-28.2
-29.9
-31.0
-31.0
—29. 6
-31-6
— 30. 6
-32.6
— 31.221
—28. 2»
— 37. 5
9-3 -35."
7
-37-9
-34. I
-36.1
-39-2
-36.1
38. 5
-41.4
-44.2
—49. 2
—43' 2
-38.783
—28. 2»
— 49. 2»
21.0 —39.33
8
-56.4
-55- 0
—52.2
-52.4
-5«-5
-54-1
-52.2
-49.2
-51.8
—51.2
- 50. 283
—44. 0*
-57. 5
"35 —45.72
9
-SS-7
-S'S
-52.4
— 50.8
-52.7
- 49. 4
-SO- 4
-49-3
-53-2
—47.2
—51.971
—47- 2«
—58.2
II. 0
—46. 67
10
-41.2
—39-7
-35-8
— 34- I
-36.1
-34. I
-34-3
-30.8
— 341
-33-7
— 42. 150
—30. 8«
— 55.0
24-2
— 41. 22
II
-34-4
— 346
—34-6
~ 34- 4
-33.8
-34-8
-35'
-35- 6
-35-8
-35.6
— 34- 996
-3'- 4"
-37.8
6.4
— 37-22
12
-45.2
—46.2
-47. 4
-SO. 2
—48.2
- -45. 2
-48-5
-45-7
-52.2
-52.2
-43-883
-37. o«
— 56.8
19.8
—42.17
"3
-38.7
-38.2
-38.0
-37-4
-37-4
-37-4
-37. 4
-36, «
—36. 8
-36- I
— 44-033
-36- I'
— 57.0
20. 9
— 42.22
14
—28.4
-27.7
-27.3
-27.1
-26.6
-26.8
—26. 6
— 2S. 9
-28. 7
-27.6
- 3°- 875
—26. 6»
-38.0
11.4
— 34- 94
'5
— 16.0
-15.0
-1S.8
-14.8
— 14. 6
-15.6
— 16.6
-17.8
—19.6
— 20. 6
—21.683
-9.5
-32. ■•
22.6
-29. E3
16
-34-6
-34-6
-33-2
-33-9
—34-6
-35 6
-37- 0
-37-8
—40.7
-35-4
-32- 471
—22. 6»
— 41.5
18.9
- 35. 83
"7
-38.4
—40.0
-38.2
-39-3
—40.0
38.0
-38. 0
-37- 2
-35.7
—31-9
— 40. 262
—3'. 9'
— 47. !•
'5-2
— 40.17
18
-43- 0
-43-7
-41-5
-39-8
-42.3
—40.5
-40.5
-39. 9
—42.2
—40.3
-39-633
-34- I*
— 45-2
II. I
-39.78
'9
-389
—41.8
-39-9
-330
-35- I
-36.8
-35-9
-38.2
-32-7
-31- 8
— 40. 292
-31.8*
-47-4*
15.6
— 40. 17
20
-42.2
—40.4
—40.4
-41.2
—40. 3
-42- 5
-42.4
—42.3
—42.7
—42.7
— 38. 604
-32. 0
-42.7"
10.7
— 39- 22
21
-43-7
-43-2
-41.4
— 430
-42.7
-46.1
-45.0
—45-4
-42.6
—43- 7
— 43. 408
—40. 7«
— 47.7
7.0
— 41.89
22
-24. S
-25.8
-27.6
— 27.0
-26 7
-28. I
-27.6
30.8
-38.0
—28.8
— 36.008
-24. 5-
— 49. 7»
25.2
-37.78
23
-49-3
'-45-2
—48.2
— 44.2
—46. 2
-46.5
-47.2
-46 4
— 450
—44.7
— 44. 442
—32.0
— 49. .3'
17.3
— 42.44
24
-4S-3
—48.2
-4S- 2
-43-8
—46. 0
-45-8
—46. 0
-46. 2
-48.2
—48.2
— 45.646
— 40.0*
-48.5
8.5
— 43-"
25
—47-4
-47-5
—48.2
— 49.0
—47.0
-46.2
—46.8
—47.6
—46. 2
—43-2
— 47. 929
—43. 2"
— 51.0
7.8
— 44-39
26
-46.1
-44-7
—44.2
-4SS
—44-7
-47-4
—46. 2
—44.2
— 46. 2
-46.2
— 44- 692
-42. 2«
-47.4*
5.2
— 42.61
*7
—40. 2
—41.2
—40. 2
- 40.1
-41.2
—41.4
-41.4
—41.0
—39-2
—41.2
— 42. 500
—39. 2"
-47.1'
7-9
— 41.39
28
-47.6
-51.0
-45-4
— 44-2
-47-7
-47-7
—46.4
-48.4
-45-2
— 46. 0
— 47-221
-42. 5"
— 54.4
II. 9
— 44.00
29
-33-6
-.?4- 4
—36.0
- 36. 1
-37-4
-38. 5
—37-4
-41.5
— 43«
-42.2
— 39- "7
—a- 6-
-52.7"
19. I
-39-50
30
-36-5
-36. 6
-35-6
— 37-4
—36.8
-38.7
—42.4
—42.2
—43-2
—44-2
— 38. 392
—30.0
— 45.9
15.0
— 39"
3«
-38. 248
—37. 935
—37- 494
—37.116
—37- 494
-37. 848
—38.074
—38.010
—38. 974
-37- 745
-38.2711
—31.86
-45-42
13. 5^
— 3900
-3883
-38. 61
—38 39
—38. 61
-38. 78
—38. 94
-38. 89
— 39.44
-38- 72
— 39- 04
—35. 5c
-.;3.oo
1
|,..
- 39- 04
■'!■
' From the observed hourly readings.
m
188
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EX1»ED1T10N.
FEBRUARY, 1882.
Table L. — Temperature of the air , February, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce tu local mean tiiue by adding 49'>
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters],
^^4-81° 44' X^ 64'>45'^ — 4"> 19™
Date.
I a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a.m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a.m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
1 1 a.m.
Noon.
I p.m.
2 p. m.
,
-47-3
-48. I
-50.9
- 50. 8
-50.8
-SO. 9
-30. I
—49.6
—48. I
-49.1
-47.1
—48.0
-SO. I
-50.8
i .
-49.1
-47-4
—48.8
-47-2
- 47- 5
-49.6
-49-3
-45-4
-49.1
-51.9
-47.1
-SO. I
-53-9
-52.8
3
-56.3
-59. 1
-60.6
-60.2
-61.8
-62.1
-56.6
-58.8
-59.1
-55-3
-55.'
-54. 9
—S3. 9
-53.8
4- --
-45. 6
-46.3
-47-3
-47.5
—48.1
-47- 5
—46.3
-45-9
—45-3
—46.6
-47.1
-46.1
—48.0
-47.1
s
-536
-S3. 6
- 53- "
- S3. 9
-53.1
-S>.7
-52.6
-54. 0
-S4.«
-52.1
—54.1
-51.6
-47.6
-47.8
6
-55- «
"53- 1
-53-7
-54. 3
-53."
-52.1
—53-4
-56. 1
-SI. I
53-9
-53."
-57.0
-53-1
-SI. I
7
-57- «
-58.6
-57-4
-57.9
-56.3
-56.1
-54.6
-56.9
-54- 0
-54.1
-55-"
-55.6
—51.4
-51.6
8
-55-9
-544
-54. 0
-53.7
52.6
-52. I
-50.7
-51.2
-51.9
-44-5
-52.1
-46.6
—52.3
—49.0
9
-S3>
-52.9
-54.8
-53.6
-52.1
-52.7
-52.3
-52.5
-50-7
-51.0
-51.0
-51.7
-48.1
—47.2
10
-52. 6
-S3.'
-53.0
-54. I
-54.0
-S3. 3
-53-6
-53.0
-52. 0
-52.7
-52.1
-52.7
-52.6
—50.0
II
-54. 0
59. 9
-59.1
-60.6
-57. 9
-55.'
-57- «
-556
-52.6
-55.1
-52.4
-49.1
-51.9
-SO. 3
12
-55.6
-SS-i
-S.'i. 4
-53.6
-52.3
-53-6
-53-3
-52-7
-51. 1
-52.3
-50.1
-52.2
-53-1
-54. 1
>3
-56.9
-57. 7
-58. 5
- 58. I
-58.8
-58.0
-58.6
-58.8
-58.3
-56.8
-59-4
-59-4
-58.1
-61. 1
14
- 57. 1
55-3
—48. 1
- 53. 3
-53- 5
-50.2
-54.8
—52.9
-51.4
-SO. I
-SI. 8
-51.2
-51.1
-SI. 9
IS
-54-4
-55- «
-55-2
- 59.6
-58.9
-55.8
-52.4
-56.3
-49.1
-55.0
-58-3
-52.1
—48.8
—45.3
16
-53-3
-52.6
-55. 5
-55.6
-52.1
-55.0
-55-2
-56. 5
-53.9
-55 '
-54.1
-58.4
-55.6
-56. 9
>7
-32.1
~^'i
-30.7
-33.5
-34.2
-34- 0
-33-8
-34- >
-32-9
-33- '
-32.1
-31.8
-32. 5
-32.9
18
-45. 2
-42.8
-44-7
-45-3
-43.5
-44.8
-41.0
-43-'
-41. 1
-36. 5
—40. 1
-37- 1
-37.1
~"1
'9
—42.4
-42.3
—42. 1
-41.3
-40.9
-40. 4
-42.1
—41.3
-41-7
-41.6
—40. 6
— 42. 2
-43.3
-43-8
20 .
-49-3
-49.7
-48.6
-SI. 4
-50.1
-50.3
-51-7
-50. 2
-47-3
-48.3
-45.6
-45.4
—41. 1
-44.0
21
-41.7
- 43- 3
-42.8
-43.7
-42.8
—44.6
- 48. 1
-48.9
-48.9
—49-2
-51.2
-52. 1
-51.2
-51-3
22
-42.1
-43-1
-43-6
-43-2
-43.1
-43.3
-42.6
-42.6
-42.4
-42.1
-40.5
-43.1
-43-1
-43-3
23
—50.6
-50. •
-53.3
-53.1
— 50.0
—50.6
-53- «
—50.2
-48.2
—49.2
-49.0
-45. 9
-43-7
-49-8
24
—46. I
-46. 7
-45.6
-44.8
—46.3
—46. 1
-45.6
-39.6
-44.1
-44-0
-44- 1
—44.4
—40.6
-44- «
25
-27.1
-26.7
-25.3
- 26. 6
-28.1
—30.7
—22.0
-28.9
—20.6
-17.6
—20.2
-II. 6
—15.0
-16.6
26
-21.6
-21.8
— 22. I
— 22. I
-22.3
—22. I
-22.6
-23- 7
-25.5
-25.8
—26. 1
-26.4
— 26.0
— 26. 9
27
-32.8
-32.6
-32.8
— 34. 6
-34.7
-34. 7
-ill
-33-8
-35-4
-34-7
-37-6
-38.7
-37-0
-37. 5
28
Meons..
-39-6
-38.9
-39.1
-38.7
-40.1
—41. 1
-4".3
-45-6
-42.0
-42.6
-46.6
—46.0
-45-7
-47-3
—47- 436
-47- 577
-47.718
-48.296
-47-821
-47.804
-47.432
-47- 793
-46.496
-46- 439
—46.918
—46. 479
-45.925
—46. 264
Means
in centi-
grade . .
-44.11
—44.22
—44.28
-44.61
-44.33
-44. 33
—44.11
-44.33
-43-61
-43- 56
-43.83
-43. 61
-43- 28
-43. 50
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
189
2 p.
in.
-SO.
8
_S2.
8
-S3
8
-47
I
-47
8
-s«
I
-s«
6
-49
o
—50.0
-SO' 3
S4. 1
61. 1
S'9
— 4S-3
56-9
-32-9
-37'
-43-8
-44.0
-S«-3
-43-3
-49.8
-44.1
I-16.6
I— 26. 9
-37- S
-47-3
-43- SO
FEBRUARY, i88a.
Table I.. — Temperature of the air, February, i88j,
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feel [1.52 meters],
^r= + 8l»44' X = — 64<'4S' = — 4>' I9">
3P-m-
4 p.m.
5 p.m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 m.
II D. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
ll
1
I
—49.9
-48.5
-48.3
-48.3
-48. I
-46.1
-49- 1
-49-1
-49.1
-48.1
-49. 012
— 46. i»
-51.0 i 4.9
— 45.00
-Si.i
-52.1
-54. «
"56.4
-SS. I
-56. I
-56. 1
"55- '
-56.3
-54.1
-51.488
-4S.4'
-57. 8 12.4
-46.39
2
-Si.S
—49.6
47. 1
"44. I
-45. 4
-46.1
-45. 1
44.6
44.9
- 43. 3
— 52. 888
— 44. 1"
62.1' 18.0
-47. 17
3
-53-6
-43-3
^46. 1
-48. I
-48.1
-48.4
-49. 1
-S'.7
54.6
- 50. 6
- 47. 846
-45.6-
-54. 6»
9.0
— 44.33
4
-45-1
-47.8
-47- «
-52. I
51.1
-52.0
-49.4
—54. 1
52.3
— 49. I
-S«.375
—45 '•
-55.6
10. 5
-46. .33
5
-56. 1
—56.0
-51.4
55. I
-S6.3
SI.'
-S3. 6
-52.4
— 50.0
-55. 1
-53.646 -SO.O*
-59-3
93
- 47. 56
6
-54. 1
-54.0
-55.8
-56. 3
-56.4
-54.6
SS I
-57-6
-53. 9
-55.6
-55421 — 5i.4»
-S8.6»j 7.2
- 48. 56
7
—50.6
-47-3
-52.3
-SI.I
-49. 1
-52- J
-49-7
-5'. I
-49.9
-51.3
— 50. 988
-44.5»
-55-9" 11-4
-46.11
8
—50.0
-49- 1
-47.1
-49.1
-49.1
-48. 6
-49. '
-49-3
-50.1
-48.3
- 50. 562
-47.1'
-54.8«
7.7
-45.89
9
—52.0
-S3- '
-SI.I
-SI. 3
-S2.I
-SI.I
-51.9
-54.1
51. I
-SI.I
— 52. 404
-50.4*
-54. 4
4.4
-46.89
10
-54- 1
— 50.0
-57.6
-SS- 3
-SI. 3
-S6.o
-51.6
-54.6
-SO. I
-50- 5
— 54. 267
-49- '•
-60. 6«
11.5
- 47. 94
II
-54.1
-S3»
-Si-9
-S2I
-54.1
-54.6
-S3. 3
-55.2
-54. 1
-53-3
-53.346
— 50.1*
-58.0
7.9
- 47. 39
49.72
12
-59. 1
-58.9
--S9-4
-S3. 2
-S6.1
-58. 2
— SS.2
-56. 1
-52.1
-54-3
-57.546
-52.I*
— 6i.l»
9.0
13
-s>>
-51. 1
-52.6
-SI.I
-SS.6
-S3. 3
—SO. 3
-55.6
-55.7
-53-3
— 52.600
-48. i»
-59. 4'
II 3
-47.00
14
-S'-4
—44-6
-47.1
-48. 9
-S3. 1
—46.6
-50.4
-52.9
-51.6
-52. 1
— 52. 292
— 44.6*
— 60.4
15.8
-46.83
IS
-52- >
-57- 3
-ll- 1
-54-1
-43. 9
-47. 6
-45. 0
-■33.3''
41.4
— 40.7
-51. 596
- 33- 1"
-60.6
27.3
— 46.44
16
-32. S
-33-6
-33-!
-3SS
-34.2
-38.3
- 38. 3
-36.6
39. 9
— 42.9
- 34. 342
- 30. 7»
-42.9*
12.2
- 36. 83
•Z
-37-6
-38- 3
-38.6
-39- 1
43. 1
-41. 1
—40. I
-39.0
-40. I
-40.3
— 40. 696
— 34.0
-45. 5
115
— 40. 39
18
—43-6
-4S-6
— 46.0
-43.1
-45. 1
—48.0
-45. 9
—44.9
-46.6
-48.6
- 43. 475
— 40.4"
-48. 6«
8.2
— 41.94
'9
— 40.0
—42.6
—42.8
— 40.6
-39.9
-38.1
— 40.0
-39.1
-40. 3
-40.4
— 44. 867
-37.0
-5'. 7"
14.7
-42.72
20
-SO. 9
—48.0
-45' 3
—46.0
-44.6
-41.3
-43.'
-43-1
--'^l- 1
— 40. 1
— 46. 058
— 40. i»
— 52. 6*
12.5
— 43.39
21
-45.0
-43-6
-44.1
-49.1
-47.1
—45- 6
—49.4
—46. 6
—48.6
-46.3
— 44.312
—40.5*
-5'. 8
11.3
— 42. 39
22
^-45- «
-48.1
-47.6
-47.1
-48. 1
-43.6
-49.2
-43.6
—45. 9
-42.1
— 48.217
—42. I*
-53.6
— 44.56
23
\-\i. 9
1
40. I
-38.4
-34.1
-31.4
-31. S
-29.5
-28.4
—28.2
-26.7
— 39.708
— 26. 7»
-47.5
20.8
-39.83
24
|-i3o
—13.6
-14.2
-13.6
—II. 6
—16.8
-17.1
—19.8
—18.9
— 20. 1
-19.822
—10.0
-30.7"
20. 7
—28.78
25
I-26. 6
-26.8
-28.7
-27. 9
-28.1
— 29.0
-29.3
-30- 4
-3'. 6
— 30.6
— 26.000
— 21.5
—32-5
II. 0
— 32.22
26
i-39- 9
-37- 7
—36.0
-36.6
— 36.0
-3S.S
-36.7
-37.1
-38.3
-38.4
- 35. 933
-31.5
-40.5
9.0
-37.72
27
1-47.6
—46.0
—36.6
-42.1
-39.3
-39.6
—40. 1
-35- 1
-27.4
-24.1
— 40.521
— 22.2
— 49.0
26.8
— 40. 28
28
—46. 450
-4S- 707
-45. 489
-45. 764
— 4S.4/9
-4S. 325
-45-454
-45- 375
-45-221
—44.693
— 46.472
—40. 12
-52. 54
12.42
-43- 56
-^3- 17
-43- 06
-43. 17
-43.06
-42. 94
-43-00
—43.00
-42. 89
-42. 61
- 43- S9
— 40.06
—46. 94
6.89
•
— 43. 59
• From the observed hourly readings.
' Mercury yet frozen.
«
190
• »
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
MARCH, 1881.
Table T.I. — Timprrature of the air, Afarch, 1882,
Wuhington mean lime. Reduce tn local mean time by adding 49'>
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters],
♦ = -f8i'>44' J =t — 640 45' = — 4'' IQ*
Date.
1 a. m.
a a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 am.
9 a. m.
loa. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
I
-21.8
-24- 4
-21.8
-24.4
-"7-5
- 19.8
-21.4
-22. S
-18. 1
—21. 2
—20.0
-21.6
-18.4
26.1
a
-28. S
-28.4
3« «
-»9S
-30.8
-34.8
-3.3.0
-34- 3
-32. 3
-35- 4
-33-2
-28.8
-29. 6
- 27. 6
3.—
-37-4
-36s
-3S-7
-36. 0
--3S.6
-.U.8
-32. 3
3' 7
-3'o
-30- 4
~^2-^
-29.6
3'-8
30- a
4...
-3» •
-3a- 4
—iTi- 0
-32. 3
32 •
32.2
-33. 2
-36.0
-37-8
38. I
-38.6
-37-4
.36. 6
-36-6
S-...
-36.0
-367
- 36. I
-36.9
- 39. •
38.7
39. 4
42.6
-42.6
-42. 4
-42.8
-44'
—40.8
39-2
6....
-29.8
-30.1
—29.7
-27.0
-27.1
-27.4
-27.1
-27.9
-27.8
28.6
—29.0
-28.6
—29. 6
29. 6
7-..
-37-8
-40.1
—42.6
-44.7
-44- I
43- 7
-43'
-42.0
-39-6
-36.2
-37.6
-35- a
-35- «
-33-6
8....
-329
-34'
-35. 6
-.36- 7
-35-6
37.6
37- 0
-339
-34-8
32.2
-32 2
-32.6
-3a. 6
32.4
9—
—36.4
-34-9
-36.1
36. I
35-8
-35-4
-36- 6
-35- 9
-35'
—30. 6
-32.'
-34- '
-3' '
32.'
10
-27.7
-29. 6
-29.7
-25.1
- 26. 9
- 25. 2
-22. 1
-25.0
-23 '
-19.8
-23'
-22.5
—23.0
21.8
II
-18.9
-18.1
-"77
15- 8
15.9
-IS- 6
14.8
— 14. I
-14. 1
-13-6
-'3-1
-12.6
— 12.0
12. 1
12
-9.4
- 9'
-8.9
- 9-6
-18.8
-17.6
-18 I
—20.6
—20.5
-21.4
-21.4
-21.6
-21.6
-25.1
13 --.
—29.9
-33- 5
-35- 6
-36.7
~^i'
-34-S
37-2
-37. 3
-36.'
-35- 5
-3'.6
-32.6
-33.6
-38.'
-35-'
14-..
-is(>
—36. 0
-36. 6
-38.4
- 38. 2
-37-2
-35-3
-45-3
-42.2
-39'
— 35 «
-39'
-37-6
15...
—40.6
-41. 1
-42.6
-41.0
-42.6
- 43- 3
-40. 0
-38.1
-39' 9
-36. 6
-35.2
-35- 5
-36.'
-35-6
16....
-38.1
-40.3
-40.1
—40.0
-42.2
-40.3
-38.0
-39-9
-36. «
-36. I
-3S'
-34'
-35-0
- i3- '
17
-35-6
-32- «
-34- 9
-34.1
- 3i- •
-34.7
-34.6
-33. 7
-3'. 5
- 30. 7
-3'. a
-32.1
-3'-'
-3'- 5
1" ..
-32.1
-3"'
-3«-7
-31- 8
- 32. 0
-32.«
-3'.6
-29.7
-27.1
-25.8
-25.6
-24.8
-26.1
-25.6
19 -
-26. 5
-25.9
-21.7
-23.0
-25- I
-25.1
-24.6
—23-7
-24. 7
-26.1
-24.6
-24.6
-26.5
-24.6
20
-34.6
-34- 5
-34. I
-i^ i
— 3'7
-30.1
-29.1
-28.0
-26.6
-25.8
—24.9
-24.8
-24.4
-a4-7
21
-12. 5
-12.8
-12.4
-9-6
- 7'
- 8.9
- 8.9
- 7-8
-7-9
- 9«
—10. 1
— 10.2
-13-6
- 10. 1
22
-28.7
-28.1
-3'-9
—30. 6
— 31-7
-33-2
-32. 1
-3'. 8
-32.6
—29. 6
-29.1
-26.3
-31-4
-26.7
23.—
—28.6
-29.7
-29. 5
-32- 3
-32.6
~^V^
-30.8
-29- 3
-26. 1
-27.6
-26.2
-27.7
-27.1
-26.5
24--.
-35.6
-3S-8
-36- .S
—40.0
-39. 3
-38.7
-35-9
-35- S
—40.6
-37- 9
~^2'
-309
—24.6
-as-i
2S-..
-43- 4
-43-2
-43- '
-44-3
-46.2
— 44.0
-41.9
-41.6
-42.6
—40.6
-3?' I
-37. 2
-3^3
-38.7
26 ...
-41.0
-41.9
-37.6
-41.0
-39-9
-36.1
-36.1
-39.8
-33- >
-31-4
—28.6
-29.4
-28.6
-21. a
27....
-32.3
— -^o. 0
-30-8
-324
-30- 9
-32.8
-33' 0
-33- «
-30.3
-28.1
-30.2
-29.1
-29.1
-3«-4
28....
-35-9
-37-7
—30.8
-35.6
-32.1
-32.0
-39- 0
-32. S
—26.6
-3'-'
-30.8
-24.8
-28. 1
-25.6
29....
-30-9
-32.6
-3'.8
-32.5
- io- 7
-37S
—30. 6
— 26. 9
—26. I
-25. 7
—28.1
-24.7
-27.1
-33.6
30—.
-32.0
—29.6
-3« »
-28.0
-3«o
-33«
-27.9
-34-4
-28.2
—26.9
—20.7
-23.6
-»7-7
-21.8
31— t
Means.
- 12.S
-II. 7
-12.3
-13-6
-14.7
-12.6
—14.4
-15 S
-14.7
-12.6
-'3.6
— 14. 1
-'5-9
-'5-5
—30. 810
-3'032
-31.068
-3«-332
-31.468
-31.468
-30- 939
-3'- 303
-29. 994
- 29. 232
-28.535
—28. 203
—28. 142
-27.755
Means
in cen-
tigrade
-34.89
-35.00
-3S.06
-3S->7
-3S.28
3S. 28
-34- 94
-35- >7
-34-44
-34- 00
-33- 6"
-33-44
-33-39
-33. 22
■
I
1
-j
1
-rwk .
TUK LADY FUANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
lUl
-16. 1
— 24.6
-24.7
— 10. 1
-36.7
-26.5
=3!:;
— 31.3
-3'.4
-25.6
-33.6
— 21.8
-'S-S
2-27.755
-33.22
MARCH, 1882.
Taiilk LI. — Trmpenilurt of the air, March, i88j.
Wuhington mean time. Reduee to local mean time l>y adilii g 49*
Thermometer above the groumi, 5 fert [1.52 meters].
f = -f8l»44' A = — 64<>4S'=: — 4>> I9"<
3p.m.
4 p.m.
5 1). m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
MIdn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Miu.
Range.
Daily means in
centigrade.
&
I
-37.6
—31.3
25.6
-34.6
-18.6
-35.6
- 23-075
-«2.3
-31 2
-37.3
-28.3
-38.0
28.1
18.9
— 30. 61
-37.6
-30.4
-36- 2
-32.7
—30.2
-30.6
-31-6
-.35-6
-37-4
-30.2
-32.8
-28.(1
'35-4
-3«-4
--30- 5
-33- 5
-30. I
-34. 9
30. 1
-30- «
-27.6
-29.8
-3>-«
-.«-8
26.5
34. 6
-31.1
-29.0
-38.6
"34°
-34-6
- 30- I
-34.8
-29.4
-35-0
-34-7
-30. 6
-34- 4
29. 1
-34. 4
-33- 3
30.6
349
— 29.6
-36. 6
— 3^-62l
3^-567
- 34.942
- 36.042
- 30. 175
—20.2
-27.0
— ?o. 0
- '28. (>•
—22.0
44.0
— 4(). 6
-38.0
14.0
18.0
16.0
- 35- 33
- 35- 33
-37^7
-37-78
- 34- 56
3
3
4
5
6
-32. 9
-32.7
—29.6
— 3I.O
-12.8
-35-2
-34.2
—29. 6
—20.4
-U.i)
-33.8
-34-'
-31.0
-20.(1
-10.7
-36.6
-33-6
-27.6
—22.9
-11 5
-35-5
-33-6
—26. 6
— 22.0
— 11.4
-36.1
-26.6
-25.6
13.6
-33- 9
-35-8
26.9
- 25. 2
-12.5
-34.5
-36.1
-26.1
—22. 1
-1.3.8
-33-8
-3.?.6
-26. 6
-19.4
13-6
-338
-34. 6
-27.1
-18.8
—•3 4
- 37- 562
— 34- 267
- 3^-669
-J3.4O7
-13.900
-32. 9»
-32- 2'
-25.0
^i8.8«
— 10. 7»
-45-5
39- 0
-38.8
— 29-7*
-19.4
12.6
6.8
13-8
10.9
8.7
- 38. 67
36.83
35- 39
- 30. 83
-25. 50
7
8
9
10
II
—36! 6
-39-6
-35- «
-33-2
-25- «
-35- «
-36- '
—40.6
-J2. I
-26. 1
-35- 0
-39- 3
-39-5
-34-0
-26.3
-39-6
-32.4
-36.9
-27.8
-34.6
-38. 1
-37- '
-34-4
—26.4
-33-8
-44-7
40. 9
-32. 8
-27.1
-36.4
-39-5
-3S.1
-35- '
-27.8
—36.0
-42.1
-40.7
-35-8
-27. 6
-.15-6
— 44-«
- 38- 2
-34-9
-29. 8
-36.1
-39- 0
—41.9
-35-5
- 21.308
- 34. 942
- 38.996
- 38.862
- 36. 379
- 8.9*
-29-9*
-35- ••
-32-4'
-32- ••
-33-5
— 40.0
- 45- 9
-44-0
-43-4
24.6
10. 1
10.8
If. 6
••■3
- 29. 61
-37^7
- 39- 44
- 39- 39
-38. 00
12
• 3
•4
w
-31-6
-26.6
—24.6
-21.7
-12.7
-32.7
-30.6
-25.6
-20.8
-•3-7
-33- 0
-32. 3
-28.0
—19.6
-16.8
-31-8
—29.6
—28. 1
-19.9
— 16.8
-32.4
-28.7
-28.8
-16.4
-18. I
3'.9
-28.2
3I-6
— 19.6
-32.6
-33 •
-28.9
-31.8
—14.8
-I8.8
-34-2
—24.6
-34-6
-'7-5
-35.8
-32. 1
-27.9
-35- 5
-•5 1
-27.1
30. 6
—26. 6
-33-6
-12.9
-3«-6
- 32.679
— 2.S. 796
- 27.038
- 24.329
- ^4 375
—28.0
-22.8
—20.0
— 12.0
-7.0
-36.8
-33-3
-35-6
— 36.0
-3^-6»
8.8
•o.S
15.6
24.0
24.6
-35-94
- 33- 78
-32-78
- 3^.28
- 25- 78
• 7
18
19
20
21
-28.5
—26.6
-37-6
-37-2
-24.7
-32-6
—28.6
-38-4
-37-6
-25.4
—28.4
—40. 6
-39- >
-26.8
-32.6
-30.3
-38.6
-364
-28.1
-31-8
-33.^
-41.6
—40. I
-28.4
-32.7
32-1
- .V). 8
41-8
32.0
-32. 3
-32.0
-40.7
-37.'
-30.3
-30.5
-34-7
-44.3
-38.9
—30.6
—29- 3
-33-6
-45.0
-43- •
-3^-6
-29.1
-35-8
—45-6
—40.3
-3"- 7
- 30.483
- 30.004
- 37-529
- 40 533
- 32- 304
—24.0
-25-0
—24. 6»
-34-3
—20.0
-35-7
-36. 5
-46.5
46.8
— 42.9
II. 7
•IS
21.9
•2.5
22.9
- 34- 72
— 34- 44
38.61
-40.28
-35-72
33
23
24
2I
-29.1
-24 1
—29.0
—21. 1
-17.9
-24. I
—24. 3
-26.7
— 19.6
—27.6
-25-9
—26.6
—12.2
—22.4
-25.0
-27.8
-31.0
— 10. 6
— 27-''
-29. 7
-3o- 2
-30-5
9-3
—30. 2
-31-6
28. 4
-3«-6
- 8.6
— 29. 6
-32. J
-28.1
-30. 6
- 9.6
-34- «
-28.1
-28.1
-33- •
-14-2
-32- 1
-32-6
—30. I
-32- •
-•3-8
-34- 6
-33-6
-34-6
—29.6
— 10.6
-35-6
— 30-293
- 3"- ^75
— 29- 567
- 21.212
- 19.904
—19.0
-20. 2
-21.8
-8.0
— 10. 0
-34.5
-39-8
-37-5"
-350
-36.0
•5-5
19.6
•5-7
37.0
26 0
- 34- 6«
- 34- 56
- 34- 23
- 29. 56
-28:83
%
29
30
3«
—28. 210
-28. 616
-28. 852
-29.074
—29. 261
-30' 139
- 29 926
-30.919
1
-3J-OS5
— 3^^33
- 29.9352
-22. 4^
- 38.06
15.64
-33-44
-33- 67
-33- 78
-33- 94
-34-06
-34- SO
—34-44
—34-94
—35-06
-35.06
— 34-4>
-30. 23
-38.92
8.70
- 34. 41
•Fron till obMrred hourly readloga,
192
THE LADY FltANKLlN JtAY EXl'^DlTiUK.
Date.
A?RIL, i88>.
Table LII. — Temperature of the air, April, i88a.
Washington mean lime. Keiluce to local mean time by adding 49"
Theimnmeter above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meten],
f = + 8i»44' A = -64»4S'=._4"-I9
I ..
a..
3--
4--
5 -
6..
7--
8..
9"
10..
11 ..
12 ..
'3 -
14 --
IS -
16..
17..
18..
19..
20 ..
31 ..
22 ..
23--
?4--
25--
26
27
28
29
30
Means ..
Means in
centi-
grade . .
I
-37. 1
-35-9
-41.0
-29.6
-22. 7
305
- 29. 1
-19.6
7.0
-12.7
2.6
- 4-5
- 2. 1
- 5.2
- 9.6
- 4«
- 2.6
- I. I
-10.6
-II. 8
-25 I
-6.6
7-9
- 4-3
7.6
- 8.4
- 5-6
-13-8
-15.8
^.8
—12.800
-24. 89
35-6
38.5
40.3
33- S
•22.5
35-6
30-3
-18.8
6.2
' 16.0
5-9
3-6
0.9
6.0
45
■ 1-9
' 10. 4
9. I
9S
•«3-7
■25s
4.1
9.8
2.8
7-4
9.0
9-5
136
15.6
96
—13.037
-as.oo
3 a. m.
-33- S
-41.1
-35- S
-32.8
-22. I
-30.0
-28.7
-18.0
7-2
-10.6
32
- 9.4
- 0.7
- 4-7
-8.5
- 4.8
-12.7
- 7'
- 9«
-14.3
-25.9
0.4
9.8
- 2.0
9.2
- 8.8
- 9-7
-15. 1
-15.8
- 9-2
-12.677
-24. 83
4 a. m.
—36.2
-3«. 3
-33- •
-34. 5
-21.8
-27.9
2«. 5
-19. I
4-7
— II. 2
— 7.0
— i.o
— 6.4
-32
0.0
— S. I
- 71
-8.9
-15.0
-16.5
2.9
8.9
— 2. 2
58
— 94
-11.4
— 15.2
-II. 9
-8.8
11.903
-24. 39
5 a. m.
-.?9. I
3''- 9
34. 7
30.8
21.0
-3o-
-27.
-iX.
-.4.
-» 9
8.C
o. I
2-5
54
— 16,0
3-8
8.7
— 0.6
4.9
-9.8
-11.5
-13.6
-12.6
-8.5
-"•493
-24. 17
6 a. m.
-38.6
33-4
34- 5
32- 4
-19.6
— 305
5
4
2
o
-25.
-•3-
3-
-14.
S-
- 9'
8
6
«-3
- 40
- 3-8
II. I
- 8.0
-6.5
- 71
-II. 6
-19.6
52
9-3
3
4.8
- 8.
- 9-
-12.
-14.
- ?•
-10.763
-23- 78
7 a. m.
-34-5
-35- 5
-33-4
-30-9
-16.0
-29.5
-26. 2
-10. o
2.7
-lO.C
6.5
- 41
«-5
- «S
- 3-7
-18. I
6.3
10.3
- 2.8
5-0
- 7-S
- 9.1
-10.3
- 10. 2
ll—
- 9- 673
-23- 17
8 a. m.
-37- o
-35- 7
-33. o
-28.6
-17.6
-26.8
-23. 6
-10.9
2. I
-12. S
8.5
-0.6
IS
- 2.8
-2.4
0.9
S-7
9.163
—22. 89
9 a. m.
-32.6
-29. 1
-24.6
-16. 1
-26. 2
-21.6
- 9-5
i-S
-9.6
7.6
46
2.9
-3a
- 1.8
95
- 5.4
- 76
-6.4
-II. I
-16.6
8.1
10.8
- 1.6
5.6
- 6.1
- 6.1
-9.0
- 7.6
- 1.6
- 8. 187
—22. 33
-324
32.8
-25-
23-
-IS
-24.4
-20. 1
-8.5
1-3
- 9- 1
7-9
- 3-2
4-3
^•3
0.4
II. 3
- 31
- 70
-S-6
-II. I
—14.4
8.2
II. 2
2. 2
6.9
I. I
7.6
8.8
6.1
1. 1
6.833
—21.56
II a. m.
-38.1
-32.4
-27. 9
-20.9
14.7
Noon.
—25. 9
-22.6
-iss
-24.4 —22.0
20.1 ;— 19. 2
7.1 '-6.4
33 1 4.4
- 8. 3 — 9. I
9 9
- 0.6
I. I
1.3
I. 3
10.9
1.6
- 5-4
- 6.8
-8.8
-14.6
9.0
12. 6
6.3
- 0.6
- 7-6
- 71
- 7-3
0.4
- 6. 167
— 21. 22
I p. m.
8.6
— 1.8
I. 2
— 0.4
2.7
13. 2
- 2.9
- S-4
- 6.1
- 9-4
-II. 6
10.0
12. I
4.2
6.4
- 1.6
- 5.6
-6.4
- SS
1. 1
— 5-560
-20. 89
-29.1
-29.1
-239
-24.8
-18.1
-32. 9
-18.9
- 3 7
45
- 5-9
9.6
0.4
4-3
2.2
1-7
13. 4
- 14
-4-3
- 7-3
-86
-13.6
II. 4
10.8
2.9
6.6
0.4
-2.6
2.3
- 4-2
3-7
- 4.960
-20.56
3 p. m.
—28.3
— 29. 1,
—25.9
-23 I
-18. 1
—24.1
-19. 1
— 1. 1
1.6
— 7.0
8.9
-4.6
1.8
»-3
0.4
13-3
o. 2
— 35
-6.9
-II. 6
— II. 8
9.6
9-3
II
6.7
0.4
-4-7
-2.3
-3-3
3-2
5-447
—20. 78
TIIK LAOY FKANKLIN BAY liXPICDlTION.
103
Al'RII,, 1882.
Taiilk LI I. — TeniptnUuft 0/ Ihe ail , April, i88a.
Wa!>hin(;li>ii mean lime. Reduce to local mean lime l>y ailillnt; 49"
Therniometer uImivu tlic ^nmnd, 5 feet [1.53 nu'lcr^].
^ I 8l''44' X -64045' — 4h|y"|
.S
J p.m.
4 p. m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. in.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Mill.
^» rt
-30-9
-29. 7
— 30-4
-33- 9
34 1
-35. 3
-32. 738
10.3
! 1
1«
- ,15- 94
I
1
-250
-26.7
-31. 6
-40.6
1
— 40.6*30. s
-29.7
-30. 0
-3«.7
32. 0
36.5
-37-6
-36. 7
40. 3
-34-2
—40. 6
i4.SS8
24.0
41.8 17.8
37.00
2
-a3S
-26.0
-25.8
-25.9
-29.8
^'1
—30.6
-27.6
-31-8
-30. 8
- JO. 392
21. 0
«a.i 21.1
34- 61
3
-JI.7
-25. s
-26. c.
-24.7
-24.7
-24.6
-23- 9
~'l'
" 23. 9
23.8
— 36. 496
-20. 9» -37.9 17.0
- 32. 5"
4
-IS. a
—17. 1
-19.7
-21.7
-23.2
-33.1
-33.7
-26.3
—22.6
—33-9
- 20. 27s
-12.5
-33- 9*21.4
1
— 29. 06
5
— 24.0
-23. 0
-2S.3
-25.8
— 251
-25. 9
—38.4
-26.4
-26. 5
-27. 7
- 26.817
-19. 0
— 35.6«i6. 6
32.67
6
-16.1
-17.6
-16. S
-19.4
-18.7,
18.6
-18.6
-19.4
-19.8
—20. 4
-21.792
-13-6
-3"-9,«8.3
29. 89
7
-0.3
- 0. 2
1.2
47
3-8
32
34
4.8
7-4
7-4
- 5-383
9-5
— 30. 0 |29 5
- 20. 78
8
2. 1
0.9
0.3
0. 3
- 5-2
- 35
-S.8
— 8.6
— II. 1
-13- 1
0.425
II. 0
— 13. l»2/i. 1
-17.56
9
— 6.0
-7.8
3-8
33
-0.3
3-0
0.4
"•7
— 0.2
— 0.2
- 6-375
7-5
-I6.OJ33.S
- ^^11
10
7-4
6.9
6.2
4.0
3.2
2.4
0.7
1.2
1.0
- 1.8
5.142
n%
- "•8.15.3
14.94
II
I. I
0.4
— 2.0
-4.4
— 2.6
— 2. 1
— 1.6
- 3-7
- 1.5
- 1.6
- 3- 425
30
— 9.6*13.6
19.67
12
2.8
0.4
— I.O
- «S
-4.6
- 1.8
- 5-2
- 8.8
- 8.2
- 8.1
- 0.871
8-5
- 8.8.17.3
- I.S. 28
"3
0.3
3-4
— 0. 1
-03
- 32
— 2.3
— 2.2
^ 3|
-5.6
- 5-7
- 2.079
7.0
-10.4 17.4
-18.94
•4
1.7
3-4
3-3
••3
0.8
4-7
12. s
9.6
- 1.7
2.7
0.075
13.9
- 9-6*23-5
-17.72
'5
11.7
97
8.6
4.8
«-7
0.3
-2.6
- «S
-4.6
— 2.4
4.821
13.9V- 4-9''S.8
- 15.11
16
1.6
0.0
0.8
"•7
2. 1
" o-S
-5.8
-6.4
-7-4
- 7S
- 4.004
50
-12. 7.17.7
20. 00
'7
- 3-8
- S-4
- 3S
-■ 1°
-8.6
-8.2
- 9-7
- 8.6
-9.8
- 9'
- 7-050
0. 0
— II. 0* II. 0
-21.72
18
- 6.S
~ 7-2
- 7-9
-8.4
-13-6
14.2
— '3. 1
-13-8
-13-7
-13-6
-- 9.212
-4.5
-14. 2! 9.7
- 22. 89
"9
-12,6
-10.8
-II. 8
—10.9
-14.4
-1S.8
-18.5
-18.2
—21.0
—22. 1
- «3- 254
-5-5
— 22.6 17. I
-25-««
20
-lo.s
-10.7
-10.9
— II.O
- 9.«
-10.8
- 8.5
- 6.4
4. 2
— 1. I
-13-629
-0.3
-25.9*25.6
-25. 33
21
10. 6
9.6
9-7
10.0
9.6
94
9.2
9.0
7-2
4.8
6. 700
12.5
— 6.6*19. "
— 14.06
22
8.1
7-3
7.6
S.o
3-9
3-2
0.7
0.6
- 3.6
— 3. 1
7.229
12. 6»
- 3-« ;"S-7
-13.78
23
6.1
5-3
SS
5-5
5^
%l
5-4
6-3
6.9
7- a
3.421
8.5
- 4 5i«3-o
-16.44
24
43
3»
1.6
— 1. 1
— 1.6
- 3'
- 3-4
- 4.1
- 7'
-5-4
3.008
10. 0
-7-.J.7-.
-16. II
25
-0.6
— 2. 1
-3.6
-30
— 2.0
— 5.7
-8.9
-7-3
— 9-9
- S-4
- 5- 175
2.0
— 12.2 14.2
— 20. 67
26
-2.6
-3-6
-11
-7-9
- 9.1
— 8.0
— 10.4
-10. 7
-11.7
-13- 8
— 7-912
— '4
-13-8 12.4
— 22. 17
27
-2.9
--4.8
- S-a
-8.7
-76
- 7-'
-8.6
-10.7
-10.8
-'3-2
— 9. 179
-0.8
— 15.8 15.0
— 22. 89
28
0.7
0. 2
- 1.9
- 2.4
-2.6
- 4.0
- 7-0
- 45
- 7-4
-8.0
- 7-363
3.4
-16.3 18.7
— 21.89
29
2.0
33
7-7
5-9
S-7
5-9
50
3.7
4.8
50
- 0.150
9-3
— II. 3 20.6
-17.89
30
- 4.737
- 5S>o
- S- 793
— 6. 687
- 7- 893
-8.047
- 8.960
- 9. 270
— 10. 177
—10. 830
— 8.60664
0. 21
—17.8418.05
-20.39
—20. 83
—21.00
-21.50
-23. 17
—22. 22
—22.78
-22. 94
—23- 44
-23. 78
— 22.56
-17.66
—27. 69 10. 03
i
— 22.56
U. Mis. 393, pt 2 13
• From the observed hourly readln(;s.
194
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
:! la
MAY, 1882.
Table LIII. — Ttmpemtur. of the air, May, 1882.
Washington mean lime. Reduced to local mean time by adding 49™
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
^ = + 81044' X = — 64«4S' = -4h ig""
Mm 1
I
Date.
I
2
3
4
5----
0....
7- —
8 ...
9.---
10
II.
12.
>3-
«4-
'S
16
17----
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
I a.
m.
I
8
2
0
«S
s
16
s
6
4
7
9
12
9
II
7
6
6
4.6
3-5
7-'
12. 9
17.6
10.7
17-7
'2-3
'3-2
'3-2
19.0
16.9
18.2
20. 7
10.3
16.5
26
27
28
29
30
3«-
Means . .'
Means in
c e n t i -
grade .\— 9. 94
16
3
22.
1
28
4
28.
2
26.
7
18.
4
; a. m. i 3 a. m.
4.6
IS
16.4
17.8
6.7
8.4
12. 9
II. 4
S-3
4.0
4-7
8.0
13.0
IS.9
12.4
18.0
12.4
13.0
12.8
18.8
18.7
18. I
20. s
II. 8
16.3
13.2
23.8
28.1
27.9
27.0
18.3
4.4
7-4
16.3
16. 9
6.9
8.0
14.4
12.4
5-6
3-9
3-2
7.8
'3-4
14.0
10.9
17. 2
•2.3
13-6
"■3
IS- 3
21. 7
17.4
21.7
12.3
16.2
II. 9
24.9
27- 3
29.4
2S-3
18.6
14. 05SI 14.248
- 9- 89
14. 25s
- 9.83
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
3-7
4-4
8.6
6.8
14.6
21.4
16.4
'75
S.o
6.6
5-2
6.4
•3-9
17.2
>3-5
13.8
6.2
55
3-8
3-6
3-3
3-5
8.4
9.2
14.2
«3-4
14. I
>4-3
10.4
12.2
16. 1
16.4
12. 2
12.6
13.0
'3S
13-6
12. 1
«3i
14.4
20.3
21. 2
16. 9
17.8
20.4
23.0
12.7
12.9
16.0
15.9
12. s
14.9
23.2
23- 3
27. s
28.1
29.0
29- S
24.9
25.4
18.4
19.2
6 a. m.
6.7
8.4
24.0
17.0
8.1
8.0
16. 9
13-4
4-9
4.0
4-4
10. I
14- 3
16. 5
14.0
16. s
12.4
14. 6
14-3
15.2
21. I
17. 6
22.7
13.0
IS- 8
17 4
2S->
28.4
31-7
24-7
19. I
13.906
-10.06
14.710
9.61
15-494
9.17
7 a. m.
6.5
10. 2
26. 2
20.0
8.2
12. I
17.4
«3-7
6.2
6.3
4-3
9-2
16.5
18.0
'4-5
16.2
14.0
16.4
14.9
18.S
22.8
19.0
24-4
14. 1
16.4
20. 2
26. 4
29 3
32.8
23- 4
21. 9
16. 774
- 8.44
8 a. m.
7.2
14.9
26.4
17.9
'l■^
'2.3
17.2
«3.2
6.8
S-o
7-4
11. 0
18.2
17.6
16.2
14.6
H-3
«7-3
16.4
18. 1
26.4
21. 2
21.8
14.2
•7-3
17.2
27.1
31.6
30.5
24.6
19.7
17. 129
9 a. m.
8.6
>4-7
26. 7
20.4
8.7
12.4
18.3
IS- 2
7.2
8.1
7-3
II. I
18.4
17.0
17. 1
14.4
>S-2
19.0
18.4
18.4
24.7
21. 2
22.8
>4.3
>7-7
18. S
28.6
32- S
34-9
23-8
23-4
18.032
8.28 — 7.78
8.8
>4-3
26.3
18.2
10.4
14.9
»9-3
14.4
7.6
S-6
7-
8.
19.
«9-
17-
15.6
16. S
16. s
20. 5
19. 1
27-9
22.5
22.5
16.4
18.6
20.0
28.6
32.4
34-6
23-4
23- 7
>8-394
7-56
8.4
16. 2
26. 4
21.3
12.3
18.2
23.2
U.3
10.3
6.0
9.0
II. 6
19.6
16.4
19.4
>3-4
17. 2
17.6
18.4
19.9
29,0
24.0
23- S
'7-5
19.4
25.0
30-4
33- «
34-4
22.9
22.9
>9 394
— 7.00
Noon.
10.4
15-8
26. 9
18.6
14.8
19.7
21.4
«3-4
10.7
6.6
9-7
II. 6
18.3
19.0
20. 2
«3-2
17.6
18.3
23.8
19.9
28.
23-
23-
22.
20.
23-4
30.6
3>-4
34-9
22.3
21.8
19- 758
- 6.78
p. m.
10.6
17.2
27-4
20.3
I6.S
18.2
23.2
•3-2
II. 4
7-3
8.
12.
19.
22.
19.
13-3
15.6
17.6
•9-9
28. 5
24-4
22.8
2>.6
■>\.l
22. 1
30.5
3'- 9
33- S
21. s
22.0
2 p. m.
14.6
18.4
28.2
20.3
14.6
20.3
22.7
12.9
■ 2. I
9.0
8-3
12. 5
21.4
18.6
20. 1
13-4
17.0
20.4
21.0
24.0
>9-932
25
23
22
23
21
21.8
29.7
32.'
35-8
21.9
21-5
20. 294
6.72
— 6.50
it
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION,
195
MAY, 1882.
Table hill.— Tem/era/itte of the air, May, !882.
Wabhington mean time. Reduced to local mean time by adding 49"'
Thermometer above the gr nd, 5 feet [1.52 meter>].
^ = + 81° 44' A^ — 04° 45' = — 4" 19"'
3 p.m.
4 p. m.
S !>■ 1".
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Muln't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
Daily mea
centigra
14.2
14.0
13-9
14.7
9.9
'2.3
II. I
7-4
75
6.S
8.879
14.9*
l.8»
"3- I
-11.83
\
16.6
17.2
I7-7
18. 1
18.4
18. I
15.0
16. I
16.2
18.9
13. 696
18. 9»
i-5»
17-4
— 10. 17
2
2S. I
27.1
27.8
24.4
22.8
23- 3
20.6
20.3
18. 1
16.7
22. 996
28. 2»
1 3- 4
14.8
- S-00
3
20.9
18.3
17. 1
15-8
12.8
II. 2
II. 9
8.7
8.8
6.4
16. 292
21.3*
6.4"
14.9
- 8.72
4
16.0
IS- 4
14.0
14. s
«S-5
14.4
12.9
10. 0
10.2
10.9
II. 142
16. 5»
S-o«
II. 5
— II. 61
S
22.4
r8.8
19.0
19.0
18.6
»5-9
15.4
>3-7
'S-7
15.8
14.429
22. 4>
S-2»
'7-2
- 9- 78
6
20.6
20.4
20. 1
18.3
19. 2
18. 1
>S-5
12. 0
10.5
"5
17-379
2^.2*
10. s»
12.7
— 8. II
7
12.2
12.2
12-3
II. 4
10. 2
9.4
8.8
6.6
6.7
4-7
11.708
15. 2»
4-1
II. I
11.28
8
10.0
10.8
12.3
12.4
9-9
93
9.2
8.4
7-3
4.0
4-4
8.104
12.4*
4.o»
8.4
- 13. 28
9
9-3
10.5
9.8
9-3
5-4
6.7
7.2
8.8
4-2
6.558
10. 8*
3.6»
7.2
14.C6
■ 0
8.1
8.8
7-9
8.2
8.3
7-3
7-4
7-4
7.2
7-S
6.783
9-7»
1.1
8.6
— 14.00
II
n.9
II. 0
12.4
13-4
12.2
12.9
12.4
12.0
12.0
13-4
10.921
13- 4»
7-«
6-3
-11.72
12
21. 1
20.9
20.4
20.2
19.4
17.0
16.8
"5-9
16. 9
17.8
17-438
21. 4»
12.0
9-4
- 8. II
13
20.9
20.6
18.0
20.7
19.4
18. I
«5-4
«3- '
n-i
12.4
17. 196
22. 5»
10. 0
'2-5
- 8.22
14
21.0
21.6
20. 7
20. s
20.9
20.6
20.3
2«-3
20.4
20.3
17.600
21.6'
10. I
II. 5
— 8.00
'S
I34
13.2
12.9
13-7
12.8
12.9
'3-2
12.4
'2-3
12.6
14- 392
18. 0»
12.3"
S-7
- 9.78
16
18. s
18.4
18.3
17.4
17.2
16.4
iS-4
15.6
15-8
15.2
15-408
18. 5»
II. 8
6.7
- 9.22
•7
19.4
21. 2
20. 2
19.7
19.4
17.9
16.8
16.7
14.6
^l-*
16. 887
21.2"
12.9
S.3
- 8.39
18
22.2
22. 2
21. 1
21. 1
>9-3
21.0
19.6
18.9
'7-7
18.9
18.025
23- «•
11-3"
12- S
- 7.78
19
21.4
22.2
21.6
21.4
21. 5
21.2
19.8
19- 3
19 I
16.6
19. 221
24. 0»
•3-'*
10.9
- 7. II
20
28.0
29. 1
25 I
24.1
24.4
25.1
22.4
18.4
17.4
16.7
23.496
29. I»
15.9
13-2
- 4.72
21
24.9
24-3
22.9
22.9
23.8
23- 5
23- S
24. 6
23-3
21.7
21.708
24. 9«
IS- 9
9.0
- 5'72
22
23- 0
22.6
19.9
19.2
19. 3
18.2
18.0
17.4
IS- 7
10.4
20. 683
24-4'
10. 4»
14.0
— 6.28
23
23.2
22.6
21. I
19.7
21 9
19.8
>9-3
'7-7
18.3
17.9
17.429
23-3'
10. 3«
13-0
— 8. II
24
22.4
20.7
2'S
22.2
18. 1
>7-3
»SS
15-6
16.8
16.0
18. 146
22.4*
I'-S
10.9
- 7-72
2S
26.4
24.8
24.0
24.4
23. 9
23- 9
24,0
23.6
23-9
25-4
20. 779
26.<i»
30. 6»
II. 9«
•4-S
^ 6.22
r.6
29.7
2V>. A
29- S
28.7
28.4
28.7
27.7
28.3
28.1
28.4
27- 550
21. 2
9-4
- 2-44
27
33-4
3«-4
3«-7
31.6
31.8
3'-4
30-9
30-4
29-9
27.4
30. 500
33-4'
26.7
6.7
- 0.8?
28
34.3
358
32.4
32.9
32.6
3>-3
30.8
28.9
27.7
26.7
31.688
35.8>
26.6
9-2
— 0.17
29
22.4
21. s
20. b
20. 0
21.4
19.0
18. 1
«7S
18.4
17.4
22. 262
27.0*
16.5
10. s
- S-39
30
21. 1
21.8
20.6
19.4
19.6
19.4
20.0
19. 1
•9-5
17.4
20. 283
23-7
17.4
6.3
— 6. 50
31
20.626
20. 323
19.606
19. 268
18. 761
18.071
17.213
16. 2/1
15-961
«S- 339
17.4090
21.90
11.02
10.88
- 6.33
— 6.50
- 6.89
— 7.06
-• 7-33
-772
- 8.22
-8.72
-8.89
-9. 28
— 8. 10
- ..61
—11.65
6.05
— S 10
I .31
> From the observed hourly readings.
'I?
'II
^1- I
!|li
■t,
:\;
'■ll
1
I
1
1
i
V
196
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JUNE, 1882.
Table LIV. — Temperature of the air, yune, 1882.
Washington mean lime. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"'
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [i-Sz meters].
(> = -|-8i°44' A = — 64»4S':=; — 4'> 19"-
Due.
1
2
3
4 -
5
6 _.
7
8
9 -
10
II -.
12
«3---
'4 ■
15
16
17
18
19 ---
20
21
22
23
24 --
25 —
26
27-
28..
29-.
30
Means
Means in cen
tigrade
15.9
16. 9
«3-2
21.4
22. 6
16.4
20.0
26. 2
27.9
29.7
3«-2
32. 3
32. 4
3S-4
33-4
34-2
32- 4
27. 2
29. I
38.0
36.9
42.0
44.0
41.4
45-2
31-097
-0.50
3 a. m.
16. 4
17.0
14.0
21.5
21.4
17.6
19.4
26.0
27.9
3».S
31.0
31.8
32- 9
35-2
32.8
34. 5
41.2
42. 2
37-6
35-9
35- <i
40. 2
44- S
41-3
45' o
30. 980
0.56
16. 2
16.4
138
21.8
23.
18.
2
4
19.9
26.4
27.7
32.0
30-4
32.4
32.8
34.8
33-2
34-1
32.2
27- 3
29.4
32.9
33-7
40.9
42.0
.38.4
39.8
37- o
37-6
44.0
42.1
47' 4
3'- 273
-0-39
4 a. m.
16. 7
16.3
«3-4
23' 5
22.9
18.3
19.4
26.6
27-3
30-4
30. S
32- S
32.6
35-2
33' o
35-4
32. 2
27- 3
29.5
33-2
33-6
41.0
42- 3
38.6
40.
37.
38.
43-
41.
46.4
31.290
-0-39
16.4
16. 7
138
23- 9
23- «
18.4
20.9
24, 2
26.6
3«-2
3'-4
33-6
33-4
35-4
32.8
35-4
3'-4
27. 2
28.4
33-6
34- o
41.9
43- S
39- S
39- o
37- o
39-6
45.2
40.3
46.7
31-483
—0.28
6 a. m.
17.0
17- 3
•4-3
23- 4
24- 3
17.9
20.0
24.9
27-3
30'9
3«-3
33-2
33-3
35- o
33-7
35-2
3«S
27.4
29.6
33- 4
34-6
41.4
40.3
39-3
37-3
37-2
41.0
46.8
3'^-9
47.6
3«-S43
-0.28
7 a. m.
18.3
18.6
16. 2
25-4
23- 9
>9-3
21.2
27.7
28.8
8 a. m.
33-8
35-6
30-9
28.4
30-9
34- o
35. 4
44- 4
40.5
38.8
46.8
32- 3SO
O. 22
17.9
17.6
18.6
25.6
23- 9
20, 2
21.3
27- S
30.8
34-9
33- o
33-4
33-6
34-9
34-4
36-9
29.4
28.2
3«7
34-3
35-8
41. 3
39-7
37-2
47-7
52.697
0-39
9 a. m.
18; 7
19.4
19.9
25-4
24. 6
20. c)
21. 6
25.9
33- S
36. 1
33-9
33-6
35- 3
36.2
36. S
35-9
30-4
28.2
3'S
34-4
36.4
39- 5
39-6
37-4
37-3
38.1
41.9
50. 2
43-3
46.6
33-083
0.61
10 a. m.
23- 4
21. S
20.5
26.9
25- 5
21.9
27.7
28.5
31.6
3S'4
34-4
34-2
3S-8
3S-9
3S-8
34-8
30-3
28.6
33- 9
36.0
37-9
38.3
38.4
39- 4
40. 1
38.9
41.0
48.8
44.6
49.6
33- 987
I. II
1 1 a.m.
23. 4
22. 3
20.0
27. 5
24-5
22.8
27.9
27.2
3S.6
34-2
33-5
34- S
36. S
35- 4
35- 1
3«-2
28.8
36.9
34-6
37-4
39- 1
36.0
390
38.9
41.9
43-4
48.4
42.9
50.6
34- >23
1. 17
Noon.
24.8
21. s
20.8
27. 5
2S-7
22.5
29.6
3>-9
34-4
34- o
3«'-4
35. 6
38. S
37.0
34-8
33- S
30. S
29.4
36.8
36. S
37-4
39-4
36.0
42.0
39-4
40. 6
43- S
48. S
43- o
50.8
34- 743
1.50
I p. m.
25.0
30. o
20.4
27.6
26.3
22.5
27.6
32.4
35-4
36.4
36.0
35- 7
37-8
37-4
33-6
34-7
30- 9
29.6
37- o
35-2
37-7
41. S
35-6
38.4
40.4
38.9
44-3
48.0
42- S
SI. 2
2 D. m.
24.6
^o. s
23.0
28. s
27.0
23.9
30.
3«.
34-
.5
•9
•4
iy6
36.3
34-9
36.*
35-8
33-4
34.8
29.8
34.7
37-7
41.8
37.0
40.7
34.667
1.50
52.3
35.013
1.67
2 D. m.
THE LADY FEANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JUNE, 1882.
Table LIV. — Temperature of the air, yune, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"'
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters],
^ = + 81" 44' Ar= — 64045' = — 4i> ig-"
197
3p.m.
4 p.m.
Sp. m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.'
Min.
Range.
0
1
25- 3
25.0
26.6
24.2
22.9
?i-4
20. s
22. S
20.4
19.6
20. 963
28.5
15. 9»
12.6
-6. II
,
20. S
20. 1
19.4
19. 1
18.2
19.8
18.7
IS. 6
16.4
14.3
18. 504
26.0
'3-2
12.8
—7.50
3
22.7
*l?
25. 1
23.8
23.2
23.8
23- 7
21.7
21.7
22.3
19. 767
27.0
12.7
'4-3
-6.7S.
3
29.4
28. S
28. 2
27.6
26.8
27.2
25- 5
25- 3
26.2
24.6
25.812
29. 4»
21. 4»
8.0
—3-44
4
26.4
26. 5
24-3
22.8
25-4
22.3
21.3
18. S
18.4
17- 5
23- 429
29.0
17-5"
'J- 5
-4-78
5
22.9
22.4
22. s
21.7
22.3
20.9
20.0
19.4
21.4
19.2
20.57.
24.8
16.4
8.4
-6-33
6
29.7
29.8
29.4
27.7
29. 1
28.4
28. s
27.6
26.4
27.0
25.442
31-2
18.9
12.3
-3-67
7
32.1
3«-4
314
30.1
29 9
30. 2
28.2
28.7
28.2
27.6
28. 546
,15-3
24.2*
II. I
— 1-94
8
34.4
34-6
33-2
34- 0
33-8
3«-4
31.8
34-3
33-4
32.1
3'-7S4
37-0
25- 5
"-5
—0. II
9
36.0
340
32.2
32-3
32.6
33- 3
33-4
33-2
32.9
• 32.4
33- 088
38-3
29. 7»
8.6
o.6i
10
35- 9
35- 1
34-7
36.2
32.6
33-8
33-8
33-4
32.6
32.9
33- 383
39-0
29-7
9-3
0.78
11
33- 4
34- 0
34-9
34 2
34- 0
33-4
33-2
32.4
33-3
32.4
30- 579
36.8
31- 8"
5-0
— 0.78
12
37- 0
35.2
36.7
35-3
35- 5
3S-4
35. 4
34.9.
35- 9
3S-4
35- 062
.39-2
32.3
6.9
1.72
•3
30s
36.6
35- S
36.4
35-3
34-5
34-4
34-3
34-2
33-9
35-433
39-1
32-3
6.8
1.89
14
33-9
34- 0
34.4
33-7
33-4
33.2
33- 0
32.9
33-6
33-6
33- 850
38.0
32-7
5 3
1. 00
»S
35-^
35- S
36.4
34. S
34- 0
33. 8
33-4
33.4
33- 0
32- 4
34. 588
38.2
32- 3
5-9
1-44
16
28.6
28.8
29.1
28.3
28.4
27.7
27- 5
27.0
27.4
27.4
29.817
33-8
26.6
7-2
— I. 22
'7
29.1
29.3
29.2
28.7
28.6
29. S
28.9
29.4
28.2
28.6
28.471
30.0
26.6
3-4
—1.94
18
36.9
35- 7
34-7
35-2
34.6
34-3
34.2
33-4
33-4
33- 0
33- 208
40.0
28.1
11.9
0.67
'9
35-2
34- 0
34.3
35-4
34-9
3S-4
34.2
34. 2
34-4
33.8
34- 346
37-0
32-5
4-5
1.28
20
36.9
37-4
38.1
37.6
37-2
37-7
38.1
38.4
39-3
39-4
36.671
42. 0
^■l
8.8
2.61
21
41.9
.39-4
38.4
37-9
38.1
39-2
44.4
44-3
4.3-2
43' 9
40. 929
46. 2
36.8
9.4
4-94
22
37.4
38.4
363
35-2
37-4
38.4
37.9
38.2
38.0
38. s
38. 842
45-8
.34-7
II. I
3-78
23
42.1
40.2
39. 2
40.4
39-4
40.3
39- S
38.3
38.3
39-7
39-217
45- 0
37- <
7-9
4.00
24
41-3
40.6
39-3
39-3
38.9
38- 4
37 9
36-4
36.0
36- 4
38. 842
43-8
35-7
8.1
.1-78
25
44.1
40.0
40. 2
37.8
39-4
41.4
41.2
40.2
38.4
38.4
39- 292
47-3
35-5
II. 8
4.06
26
43- 9
43-7
'*iS
44.6
45-7
42.2
44.2
44.6
45-3
43-2
42.321
49-8
36.1
«3-7
5-72
27
47. 5
49. 4
48.2
47-2
47 >
45-6
41.9
44.4
'13-3
41. 6
46. 375
5'-2
41. 6»
9.6
8.00
28
45-8
46- 3
44-7
45-9
45-9
46. 2
46. 1
45- 4
44-3
43-8
43- 458
48.0
39-9
8.1
6-39
29
So-S
35. 097
48.4
3';-^«7
50.0
48.3
49-3
46.4
48.4
47-4
4S-4
46. 5
43. 104
53.0
42.7
10.3
9.20
8.94
io
34- 270
33- 847
33- 793
33- S'/
33- 340
32. 987
32. 763
32.380
33.0221
38-32
29.12
1.72
1.44
1.28
1. 00
1.00
0.83
0.72
0.56
0.44
0. 22
0.57
3- 52
- 1.61
5. II
0.57
•From the observed hourly readings.
Ill I
198
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JULY, 1882.
Table LV. — Temperature of the air, J-uly, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduced to local mean time by adding 49'"
Tiiermomclcr above the ground, S feet [1.52 meters].
<>= -f 8 1 » 44' >. =—64° 4S'= — 4'> I g"
I
n
hi
Date.
I
2
3 --
4
s.:
6
7
8
9 -
lo
II
12 .
'3 -
14 ---■
IS
16
•17 --
18
19
20
21 ..
22
23
24 -
25 --
26
27
28
29 -
30
31
Means
Means in can
tigrade ...
I a. m. ; 2 a. m.
47.2
36-4
35- 4
34-4
34- o
36.7
40.4
41-5
38-4
32. •
33-4
31. 2
35-4
383
39-3
39-4
36.0
33-2
34. o
33-6
33.6
35°
34-9
34-8
34-6
38.6
36- S
37.4
33' 9
35°
35' 2
46. 2
36- 1
35-4
34-4
33-4
36.6
41-3
41. S
37-4
32. 2
33-4
30.0
34-4
36-4
40.0
39. 9
35.6
33-3
34-9
33-9
33-4
34-3
34-2
35-6
34-9
38.9
36.8
36.4
34-2
34. 4
33-7
36. 123 ' 35.906
2.28
2.17
3 a. m.
46.7
3S-2
35-2
34-4
34- «
38.7
44.4
42.0
36.2
32.4
32.7
31.0
3S-3
37- 1
39-7
39-4
35-9
34-3
35°
33-9
33-2
34-6
34-4
35-2
35-9
37-9
36. S
36.3
34- «
35- 2
34- o
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
36. 158
2-33
' 46.6
\ 35- 9
35- S
34. S
34-2
38.9
40.9
41-3
37-4
32.4
32.2
30. s
36.1
37-5
40.3
40.4
3S-4
33-3
34-9
33- 4
33- I
34.6
33-9
34-9
35-9
39-5
38.4
36.3
34- 3
35-3
34-7
36. 206
2-33
47-7
35- S
35-2
34-9
34- o
38.4
40.4
41S
36.0
32.4
3I-9
30.8
36.4
3S-4
38.8
40.9
35-9
33- 5
34- 6
33-6
33-2
34-8
33-5
3S'S
35-6
38.2
37.5
36.3
34. 5
35-4
34- S
36. 026
47.9
35- 5
35- 3
34-7
35-9
39. 9
41.6
40.9
36.4
33- o
32.2
32.2
35- o
36.3
39- 1
42. 2
36. 2
33- S
.^4-7
34- «
33. S
35-6
33-7
36- 4
38.0
37-2
35.5
3S-9
35 '
35. o
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
36. 377
2.44
48.5
35- o
35-4
32.7
36.
43-
41-
39-
36.8
37-2
33-2
30.4
34-7
35-5
38.7
42.1
35-4
38.6
34. 5
33-9
34-5
35-2
33-8
35- 1
36.6
38.7
37-2
36.2
33-9
34. 6
34-5
36. 545
2.50
35- o
35- -;
36 500
2.50
9 a. ro.
44-7
35.6
35-6
33-4
35-8
33- 5
3«-4
35-2
36.6
37-7
42. 1
38.1
36.7
34-8
42.1
34- 9
36.2
34- o
38. 5
36.8
39- •
37-7
37- 1
35-9
35.4
34-7
37- 203
2.89
39. 2
35-4
35-6
35-6
37-6
39.4
44-7
38. 3
33- 4
35-5
32.2
33-4
35-2
36.5
38.1
42.8
37-9
39-3
36. I
42.1
36.2
37-5
34-7
37- 3
37.4
41.2
37-9
3<i-4
35-4
36. 5
36.5
37. 268
2.94
lla.m.
39-2
35. 5
36.4
35- S
39- 6
40.3
45-4
38.3
32- 7
36- 9
32- S
32.6
36.3
37- o
38.8
42.4
38.2
43- 1
36.4
41.8
36.6
38.1
35-4
39- o
37- o
41.4
36.4
36.7
35- «
34-2
34-6
37. 529
3.06
Noon.
38.9
36.3
35-6
38.6
37-5
38.6
44- S
39-3
33-2
39-7
32.9
35-3
36.6
36.4
38.4
44.0
37-4
39-8
39-7
42.1
37-6
38.7
34-3
39-3
40. I
41. 3
35- o
36.4
34-5
34-4
33-9
37- 752
3.22
41.3
36.4
42.4
38.5
39-4
41-3
44.2
42.3
33-9
36.6
33-4
34-8
36.3
36.4
40. 6
42.5
37-6
38.7
38.4
39- I
37-2
37-4
35- 1
39- 1
34. 9
34-5
2 p.m.
40.6
36.4
38.4
36.8
40.7
42.9
41.5
43-3
34-3
35-4
36.4
38.4
36.3
40.4
38.9
37- 9
40. 2
40.7
36.2
37-3
36.9
34-7
37-5
38.8
40.9
35-6
39-4
34-3
35. 2
3.'i 6
38.1191 37.906
3. 39 3. 28
iili
THE LADY PUANKLIN BAV EXPEDITION.
199
JULY, 1882.
Table LV. — Temperature of the air^ ^'"^j 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduced to local mean time by adding 49 ">
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters],
^=:4-8l»44' X=: — 64° 45'=- — 41' 19'"
• r
,nsin
de.
3 pm.
4 p.m.
Spm.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
II p.m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
S Q
'3 0
I
39-2
39- S
40.2
40. I
37-4
37.3
36.7
36.4
36.4
37.2
41.775
50.3
35.6
14.7
5.44
1
35-6
363
36.3
36. s
j6. 0
37-4
37-3
.^55
35-6
35.1
36.92s
50.1
34.7
15.4
2.72
2
37-9
36s
37- S
36- 7
35.8
35-2
34.8
34- S
34.0
33.5
36.008
40.0
33.4
6.6
2. 22
3
38.3
38.6
38.9
37-3
35-8
353
37.2
33.9
34.8
34.0
35.658
41.9
32. 7"
9.2
2.06
4
40.2
38.6
37.6
37.3
41.9
38.6
36.8
37.2
37.0
36.,
37. >62
45. «
33-4''
II. 7
2.89
5
42.1
45- 0
45- S
47.0
4S-9
42.3
41. S
45.0
4'. 3
39-8
41.329
48.8
36.6
12. 2
5. >7
6
41.6
42.6
42.4
42.4
43. 0
42.4
39.9
39.9
41.6
40. 6
42. 233
48.0
39.4
8.6
5.67
7
39-6
44-4
42- 3
42.6
43-2
43.0
40.8
38.8
38.7
37.9
40. 767
47.9
37.9"
10. 0
4.89
8
3S-9
36.7
36.8
39- 0
37-2
36.8
33-7
33.4
33. 5
33-2
35. 504
42.0
32.4
9.6
J. 94
9
36- 9
36- 6
3S-2
35-4
3SS
34-4
33.9
34.2
33-9
33. 7
34. 871
41.2
32.2
9.0
1. 61
10
32*
33- 0
32-4
32. 5
32- 4
33.2
33-2
33.4
32.5
31.2
32. 712
41.2
■>,\. 2"
10. 0
0.39
II
36.6
33.6
33*
33-6
33-2
3«.S
3«.'
34. 5
35-2
35.2
32. 867
37-5
30. 0>
7-5
0. 50
12
41.4
4'. 3
41.2
40.9
39-4
38.4
36.9
37.4
37.9
37-6
37- "7'
43.0
34.2
8.8
2.89
13
36.0
35-9
34- 9
34-9
34-4
35- '
35-7
36.7
36.7
36.6
36. 188
39-3
34.2
5.>
2.33
>4
41.7
40.3
41.6
42.2
41.8
4«.3
41.4
40.6
39.7
39.9
39. 929
4.V5
36.5
7.0
4-39
15
36.4
36.4
35. 2
36.4
37-4
40.4
37.4
36.4
36.0
34.9
39. 388
45-4
34-7
10.7
4. II
16
36.6
36.2
35. 2
35-2
34- S
33.6
33-2
33.2
33.4
33-2
35. 783
40. 2
32.8
7.4
2. II
17
39-6
39- 0
38.8
36.9
37-7
37-4
36.6
37.5
37-5
35.3
37. 133
44.1
32.8
I '3
2.83
18
39-4
36.7
37-4
37-7
35- 3
34-4
33.6
34.2
34-3
33-5
35. 850
42.2
Zii
8.9
2.17
»9
37- «
36.2
35-4
34-9
34- S
33-9
34-4
34-1
.33.6
34-3
35. 933
44.9
33-2
II. 7
2.17
20
37-5
35. 9
35. 6
35-7
36.4
36.2
36.3
35.3
35.5
35.2
35312
39-1
33.0
6.1
1.83
21
38.2
37- 0
36- 3
36. 2
35-6
35.6
35-3
34-9
35-2
34.9
36.008
40.8
34. 0
6.8
2. 22
22
35- 4
3SO
3S-4
36. s
36.9
36.6
35-4
35. 3
35. 0
35-2
34. 879
38.5
33.3
5.2
I. 61
23
38- 4
38. 5
38.3
37- 1
35- 7
35.9
35.7
35. 4
35-5
34.6
36. 642
41-3
34-5
6.8
VS6
24
38.7
36s
37- 0
37-7
37-9
36.6
36. s
36.4
38.4
38.4
37.092
41.0
34.6"
6.4
2.83
25
42.9
41. 1
40.4
37-4
39- S
39.4
38.1
36.4
36.5
35-9
39. 321
45-2
35.7
9-5
4.06
26
35-7
35- 4
3fi.4
39-4
38.9
38.1
39.2
38.4
37-9
36.7
37. '54
40.5
34.7
5.8
2.89
27
36.8
36.8
37-4
37-4
35.6
35-6
35.0
34.6
34.4
34.4
36. 362
41.0
34.2
6.8
1 2.44
28
36.4
35-8
3S-9
34-4
34.4
33-6
34.0
33-4
33.7
33.9
34. 600
37.8
33-2
4.6
1.44
29
3S-4
35- S
35- 7
3S-S
35- 0
34-9
35- 0
35-1
36.2
35.8
35. 196
38.3
33.5
4.8
1.78
30
39- >
35- 0
35. 4
36.9
34.3
33.7
33-2
32.5
32.5
33.4
34.700
40.8
3' 3
8.5
1.50
3«
38. 026
37-6IO
37- 477
37- S39
37.177
36.7'J
36. 123
35.951
35. 948
35. 523
36.8533
42.61
34.01
8.6c
3-33
3 "
3.06
3.06
2.89
2.61
2.28
2. 22
2. 22
1.94
2. 70
5.90
! 1. 12
i
4.7S
2.70
; li';
' From the obserred hourl j* readlOKB.
p
200
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
(I
Pale.
AUGUST, 1882.
Table LVI. — Temperature of the air, August^ 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49™
Thermometer olmve the ground, S feet [1.52 meters].
^ .:- ■\-%\'> 44' X~ —64" 45' _=; — 4I' 19"'
I >.
2
3 —
4
S ■-
6
7
8
9--
10 .._
11
12 .._
13-
«4
•S
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23 ----
if.
25
26
27 -
28
29
30
3' - -■
Moans. .
Means in centi-
grade
I n. m
-■ a. m.
3 a. m
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
Noon.
1 p. m.
2 p. m.
35- 0
35°
34-9
33'
32-9
34-2
36.8
35-4
40.0
34.6
35-9
36-4
36. 5
37-3
35-7
34-2
34-3
34- I
32- 4
34. 3
34-7
35- 5
35-4
35-4
35-9
36.0
35.6
36.0
35-7
35-3
36. 2
35-9
35- «
35- <>
35-'
34-2
34.6
35-4
36.4
36. s
35-9
34-3
33. 2
33.8
34-2
32.9
33- 6
33-4
33-4
34-3
37- S
36.1
35-7
36.2
37.3
37-*
38.6
37-1
^%\
40.3
36.2
37-7
36- 9
37-6
39 3
39- 5
39-3
38-9
40.7
37-5
39- S
40.2
38.6
37-7
38.4
37. «.
38.2
37-4
37-3
38.3
37- §
39-3
37-5
34-9
33-8
34. «
34- 0
33c
33. 7
33-8
34- 0
33.6
34-2
34-8
34-8
35- S
34-5
34-8
32.0
33- 0
330
32.5
32.6
33-5
33"
34- 0
33- 5
34- 0
35-7
34-6
34- >
34-7
39-2
38.8
38. 6
39-8
38.9
38.3
38.9
40.0
40.2
40.6
41.4
40.4
39-2
36-4
34-2
32.2
32- 4
32. 4
32.7
32.0
32.4
32.4
3'-9
3'-4
32.4
32- 7
33-4
III
35- 0
35- 5
35-4
37-4
40.8
42.0
38.9
38. 5
43- 1
42- S
43-7
44-6
41.6
39-6
37-8
36.9
37-8
37.7
38.1
39-2
38.8
38. 5
40.7
41.2
40.9
41-5
41.9
41.4
35- 0
35. 9
37-4
36.4
36- 4
37-4
37- 0
38.2
38.4
39-2
39-8
40.9
40.7
42.0
39- 1
39-3
389
39-2
38.8
39-8
40.5
40.9
41- 5
42.0
41.9
42.0
41-7
41.6
37- 0
37-7
,37-6
37-3
.37.6
37-3
36.7
36.9
38.8
37-6
37- S
36.7
37-8
37-6
36.2
35-9
.36.5
36.4
39- «
37-5
39-9
38.4
38.0
38.8
43-3
39-9
39-4
40.0
35-7
35-7
38.0
36.0
36.9
37- 0
38.1
37.7
38.3
37- 1
36.0
35-0
36. 5
35-5
34.8
34- 5
33-8
33-9
34-4
34-3
34-9
34. 8
34-4
34-6
34-8
36.2
35-2
35-7
37. 1
40.4
40.0
39-6
40.8
40.5
40.8
41. S
41-3
40- S
42.9
42.7
42.6
44.2
39 <»
40.7
39-3
39-2
37-?
35.7
36.6
37.3
37-6
37-6
38.4
38.2
37-7
39.7
37-0
38. I
38. 3
37.8
38.6
39. 6
39-7
4>.5
41,1
39-3
44.7
43-6
43-4
40.6
34-4
33.8
33- 6
364
37. 6
36.4
38.4
38.6
35-6
38.1
37-8
36- 4
35- 0
37-7
32.4
33-9
33-2
33-2
ly^
34-2
35- S
34- 5
35-6
34.6
34-4
34-7
34-4
34-4
34-3
33-5
33- S
34-3
35-7
35- S
35-7
36.0
35- 1
34-4
36- 9
36.4
35-2
34-5
34-2
34.1
33. 9
33-8
34-4
35- 0
34-2
34- 0
33-9
33- S
3'-9
33-9
33-9
33-5
29.7
30.0
30.1
3«9
32.5
314
32.1
32- 3
30.7
31-4
3'S
32.2
30.7
32.0
27- S
27. S
28.2
2S. 2
28.0
27.9
29. 1
28.8
28.6
29.2
29.7
30.1
29.7
29.7
29.2
28.1
28.3
28.0
30-3
28.1
30. 3
29.4
32.3
28.4
30-1
29.8
30. 2
32.3
27.9
28.0
27.9
28.4
29.4
3«-2
3'-4
3«-5
31.0
31.0
31.0
30.8
3»-3
30-7
28.4
28.0
28.9
28.4
28.4
28. s
27-4
27.7
27.6
27.6
28.3
28. 5
28.5
29.4
25.8
26. 1 .
26.0
26.4
26. 3
26. 2
26.6
26.5
26. 9
26.9
26.7
26.9
26. 5
26.2
34- 394
34- 429
34. 594
34- 587
34- 871
35. 002
35-358
35-4"6
35- 948
35-665
36. 361
36. 371
36.084
35- 958
1-33
1-33
1.44
1.44
I. 61
1.67
1.89
1.89
2.22
2.06
2.42
2.43
2.25!
2. 22
'! i
V*-
III
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
201
2 p. m.
37.3
36.0
•4
.0
.6
.6
AUGUST, 1882.
Table \N\.— Tetn/ierature 0/ the air, August, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49<>>
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
^^+81044' A — — 64045'=— 4"< 19™
3pm-
4 p.m.
Sp. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midn'f.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
Q
1
*
38.5
41.7
40.6
36.8
37- 0
364
43- 5
32.2
«"-3
p_
39- 0
36.7
35. 9
35-9
36. 521
2.50
,
35- 4
35- 0
36.3
36. s
36.9
36.9
36.3
36.8
36.2
36.4
35-508
39- 9
33-2
6.7
•■94
2
34-9
35- 3
36.0
36.1
34. 5
35'
34-4
34-2
33-8
33-7
35- «7S
38.1
33-4
4-7
1.78
3
36.4
35-7
35- 7
35- 0
3S-7
35-3
35-2
36.0
35-7
36.8
35. 262
42.0
32.7
9-3
1.83
4
38-0
39-6
41.4
41.2
40. I
39- S
39- «
39.8
39.8
38.4
39.004
44-9
36.2*
8.7
3- 89
5
36. S
36.2
34-7
3S-3
35- 0
35- 5
35-7
35- 3
35'
34.6
36. 929
42.1
34-2
7-9
2. 72
6
.35-6
34 5
34-6
34-3
33-9
34-3
33-2
33-3
HI
32.9
34. >2S
37- 0
32. 7
4-3
^V
7
34-9
i(>i
37-3
37-2
39-3
38.2
39-3
39-4
38.8
39- 5
35- 438
41. I
32.0
9.1
1.89
8
36.4
38.4
36.9
37-2
3SS
36.8
34-5
34- 0
33-2
34- 0
37.817
42.5
32.7
9.8
3- 22
9
33-3
33-2
33- S
33-4
33- S
35-2
34.4
34-6
34-4
34.9
33- "75
36.6
3«'
5-5
0.67
10
41.8
39-4
41.4
40.2
40.6
42.6
39.8
39-7
38.4
36.4
39- 954
46.0
34- 0
12.0
4-44
II
41.4
41. S
42.0
40.9
38. s
38.9
36.7
37-4
37- i
36.0
39. 288
42.2
35-7
6.5
4.06
12
41.2
42. 0
40. 6
40. 0
41-3
41.2
40.8
38.5
39-2
39.3
39. 058
43-6
34-6
9.0
3-94
«3
41.8
41.4
40.9
39- 7
41-3
40.9
40.1
40.3
38.6
37-9
40.421
44-4
37-7
6.7
4.67
14
37-6
38.6
37.6
37-6
39-4
40.3
39- 9
36 5
38.0
36.7
37- 762
43- 0
36.3
6.7
3. 22
15
37-2
39- 0
41-3
38.8
39-6
37- 0
38. 5
38.4
3S 3
36. 5
38. 371
44- 5
35-3
9.2
3.56
16
34-9
35-4
35-9
37-2
35-8
35-8
35-8
34- S
34. 8
34.8
36. 183
40. 5
34- 5'
6.0
2.33
>7
37- S
36.6
36.4
37-7
36.8
36.6
36.0
35-4
34-9
36.1
35' 429
39. 7
33-4
6.3
1.89
18
43- S
43-7
43-3
43-2
d2. 0
38.0
41.2
41. 1
40.0
40.8
41. 321
46.8
36.1
10.7
S.17
19
.39-6
.37-9
38.0
38.4
37-9
38.4
37-3
38.7
37-4
37-6
38. 167
43- 0
35-2
7.8
3-44
20
37-2
36.3
35.8
36.4
37- 0
35-4
35- 5
35- 5
34-2
35-3
38. 438
47.8
33. 7
14. I
3- 56
21
37- S
37?
370
37- S
34-2
34- I
35. 0
34-9
32.2
32.9
35- 929
40.5
32.0
8.5
2.17
22
34-6
34.5
34- 4
34-4
34-4
35-4
34. 4
34-9
34-3
34-4
34- 329
37- «
32.2
4.9
1.28
23
ii5
33. 4
33. 7
3*-4
34.6
35. 3
34-9
34-4
33-8
34- 3
34. 629
38.0
32.2
5.8
1.44
24
.?34
33-7
34- 0
33-4
34-3
32.3
3>-5
3'- «
29.6
29. 2
33- »96
37-5
28.5
9.0
0.67
25
3«-9
32.9
3'-9
30-9
29. 3
28. 5
28.3
27.9
26.8
27.6
30.604
34.8
26.7
8. I
—0.78
26
29, 6
29.7
29- S
29.4
29.4
29.2
28.8
28.4
28.4
28. s
28. 879
31.8
27-3
45
-1.72
'Z
30. 6
20.8
30.7
30-4
30-9
29.9
30.3
30.1
29.6
28.9
29- 833
34- 0
27.8
6.2
— 1.22
28
3"2
3>9
31-7
32.1
3«.9
31-5
31-5
29.7
28.7
28.2
30.412
32.8
27-5
5-3
— 0.89
29
27. S
26.9
27.7
28.2
26.4
26.2
26. 1
25.6
25.7
25-9
27- 575
29.4'
25.6
3-8
-2.44
30
26. I
26.0
25-4
25.2
24.8
24.1
24. 0
23- 4
23- 4
22.8
25. 633
26.9*
22.8
41
-3.56
3«
35- 784
35- 861
36.006
35- 781
35- 535
35- 335
35- 006
34- 716
34. 084
34- '03
35- 302
39- 742
32. 242
7.50
2. II
2.17
2.22
2. II
1.94
1.83
1.67
1.50
1.16
I. 17
1.83
4.30
0. 16
4.16
1.83
• From tlie observed hourly readings.
202
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
SEPTEMBER, 1882.
Table LVII. — Temptrature of the air, September, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time l)y adding 49i<>
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
^=-f8l»44' X — ~64''4S' — — 4» igm
!
\ <
u:
IP
i 1'
Date.
2
3---
4- —
S .—
6
7 --
8...
9 ---
10
II
12
'3
14
IS
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23 .„..
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Means ..
Means in
centi-
grade.
22.6
20.4
25.0
24.6
25. 2
21. 6
21.4
19- 3
16. S
14.7
24- S
IS- 7
20.
«9-
12.
II.
21.
20. I
8.4
9.1
2.9
14.8
18.3
19. 2
10. 2
II. 6
18.9
19.9
23- 1
" S
>7-493
8.06
2 a. m.
3 a- m-
4 a. m.
22.3
22.2
22.7
20. S
21.0
21. S
24.9
24-9
25.0
24.9
2S.O
24- S
25- 4
2S.4
2S-4
21.7
22.9
'^i
21.7
22.4
22.8
.8.5
18.4
18. S
17.2
16. 5
14.7
17.4
19.2
19.2
23- 3
23.8
22.0
16.0
14.8
14.2
21.0
19.2
19.6
20.6
20.4
20.0
I<!.6
«3-4
'3-2
12. I
12.4
12.8
21. S
21-3
22.4
19.7
19.2
18.9
71
S- 3
S-2
8.9
8, 8
6.7
2.9
6-4
6.6
16.4
19.9
19- S
19.4
20.0
19.8
19.0
18.9
18.8
9.9
9-4
8.5
10. 0
10. 6
II. 0
IS- 7
17-4
19.8
21-4
22.6
22.9
21.8
23-2
22.4
9.2
8.9
12.4
«7-433
•7-793
17.S13
— 8. II
- 7- 89
- 7. 89
5 a. m.
21.9
22. 2
25-
23-
24-
23-
22.
18.5
IS- 4
18.9
22. 2
15.0
20. 2
19. 2
12.5
12. 2
21.4
15.6
S-o
S-i
7-4
19.8
19-7
18.7
95
7-4
19.9
24.1
21. 2
II. 9
17-487
— 8.06
6 a. m.
22.4
22.6
25.8
24. 2
24.9
23.6
21.4
19-3
14.9
19.6
24-3
14.6
20. 6
19.0
13-4
II. S
21. 2
14.6
S-2
6.9
8.4
19.4
19-7
18.7
9-4
7-3
19.9
23- S
18.9
12.4
17.587
— 8.00
7 a. m.
22.4
23.2
25.8
24.1
25- 3
23.2
22.3
19.2
15.6
19-7
20. 6
IS- 9
21. I
19.0
13-4
13- 5
21.7
14.9
4-4
7-9
8-7
19.4
20. 7
18.2
9.0
8.9
19-5
22.6
19. 2
12. I
17-717
7-94
8 a. m.
22.3
23.6
26.2
25.2
25.2
24-3
21. 6
19.4
16.4
19-7
18.9
16. 2
21. 1
18.7
12. 7
15.0
21.3
6.7
9-6
19-4
19.2
17.9
9-9
9-9
20. I
22.3
19.2
II. 6
17- 787
7.89
9 a. m.
23- 9
24.2
26.
24-
25-
23-
21.
19.2
16. 5
23-4
21.7
18.1
21.6
16. 1
15.9
16.
21.
IS
5-
5-
9-
18.
21-3
18. 1
9-9
13-6
22. 9
22. I
19.4
12.4
18.453
- 7- 56
24-
24-
26.
25-
27.
24-
20.8
19. 5
16.9
22.9
22.2
19.9
21.5
16. I
16.8
16.9
21.6
15.6
6.3
7.6
10. o
19.4
21 3
20. 7
10. o
13 2
22.8
20.8
«7-4
12.0
18.807
- 7-33
23-
25-
26.
26.
25-
23-
20.5
19. 2
16.8
21.2
22.4
21.7
21.8
16. I
19.2
17.2
21.9
16.3
6.6
6.9
«i-3
20.4
21.5
20. 1
12. 2
13-8
34.0
22. 2
»3-5
13-2
19- 037
— 7. 22
Noon.
34.6
24-7
36.6
26.4
24.5
34.2
30.9
19.6
19.0
30.5
32.7
19.0
21.3
16. 2
20.4
19.0
21.5
16.
7-
8.
II.
o
5
9
3
20.6
23.0
21.0
12.8
9.8
23.2
23-9
13- 5
14.4
19- 233
— 7. 10
p. m.
24-5
25.3
36.7
26 s
23-7
23.8
20.5
30. 1
17-4
21.0
22. 5
18.3
20.6
16,
.0.6
20.5
21.8
17.0
7-5
9-8
11. 4
20.6
22. 5
18. 1
14-5
9.6
20.5
22.0
17.2
14.4
2 p. m.
23.6
25.3
36.4
25-7
24.5
23-4
30. o
30.3
17.9
30.3
22.7
18,7
20.6
16.5
19.8
20.6
22.3
16.6
8.1
9.3
11.9
20.3
33.6
17.9
13.6
12.4
22.8
23.0
14.6
16.3
19- 177
7. 13
19.V53
7.08
1 H
^.^.k^^^s^M
THE LADY PRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
203
SEPTEMBER, i88a.
Table LVII. — Ttmperature of the air, Septonbcr, i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time l;y adding 49'>>
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [l-Ss meters],
^^ + 81° 44' X = — 64" 45' =-4'' 1 9'"
3pni.
4 p.m.
Sp. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
Daily
means.
r;ax.
Mill.
5.0
- 5-06
a
I
24. a
23. 4
25- 4
24-3
22.5
21.9
21.4
21.4
21.4
20.4
22.900
25- 4»
20.4
25.1
24.8
24.6
24.6
24.7
24.8
24.6
24.6
24.9
24.8
23.808
25.2*
19.9
5-3
- 4-56
2
26.8
26.8
27.1
26.7
26.5
26. 2
25.8
25.8
25.0
24.8
25.992
27.1.
24-7
2-4
— 3.33
3
24.4
24.9
24- S
24.9
24.8
24.6
24.7
24- 7
24.9
25-3
24. 967
26.5*
23-8
2.7
- 3 89
4
24.4
23. 9
23- 5
22.6
21.4
21.0
20.4
20. 2
20.3
22.5
23. 862
27.4>
'9-9
75
— 4- 50
s
23.6
23.6
23- 9
23- 5
23.2
23.2
23- 2
23- 5
23- 5
22.6
23-37'
24.3"
21. I
3-2
- ?-7!
6
20.0
19. s
20.0
20.2
20.3
«9-5
19.4
'9-3
19.4
19.0
20. 696
22. 8»
18.9
3-9
- 6.28
7
20. 1
20. 1
19.8
19.7
19.6
19.5
19.4
18.4
16.8
.7..
19. 146
20. 3»
16. 8»
3-5
~" IV
8
17.9
18.4
19.0
17.0
17.8
13-6
16. I
'5-5
14.6
'3-9
'6. 375
19.0"
13-6'
5-4
— 8.67
9
19.4
19. s
19.7
18.5
19. 1
23.0
24.4
24.2
26.1
20. 392
26. i«
'3-4
12.7
- 6-44
10
23.6
22.0
20.2
17.8
.6.9
16.5
15.4
•55
16.4
14.9
20. 542
24-5*
14.8
9-7
— 6.39
II
18.9
19.4
18.8
19,4
19.8
19.8
20.3
20.3
20.3
20.3
18. 142
21. 7"
13- 2
7-5
- 7-72
12
20.4
20.2
20. 1
20.0
19.9
19.6
'95
19.4
19.4
19.5
20. 362
21.8*
19. 2»
2.6
- 6.44
'3
16.4
14.9
13- 4
12.8
12.7
12.7
II. 8
12.5
12. 2
«3.2
16. 100
21.5
II. 8
9-7
- 8.83
14
18.7
16.8
14.9
13-4
>3-4
136
•3.9
12.6
12.8
II. 4
14. 921
20.9
ii.4»
9-5
- 9-50
•5
21.4
21. 1
20.5
20.4
20.4
20.3
20.4
20.4
20.4
20.4
'7-379
23-5
II. 0
12. 5
— 8.11
16
21.9
21. s
20. 9
20.7
20.5
20. 1
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
21. 167
25.1
19.8
5-3
— 6.00
'7
16.6
16.3
15.4
14.6
14.0
•3-4
"3-4
10. 6
8.9
9.2
15.283
22.0
7-9
14. 1
— 9.28
18
8.2
79
S-i
4.6
35
3-9
6.4
7.2
7.2
7-9
6.212
12.0
3-5»
8-5
-14.33
'9
8.2
S-3
5-5
4.6
4-4
3-2
4.6
5.6
2.6
2. 2
6.425
13-0
1.4
II. 6
— 14. 22
20
12. 5
12.0
II. 6
II. 8
12.4
«34
MS
•5-4
14.4
14.4
10, 450
16.0
0.7
'5-3
-11.94
21
20.4
•9-3
18.7
18.6
20.4
>9-3
19.4
19.4
18.6
18.5
19. 19b
23.0
12.9
10. 1
- 7-1'
23
22. s
22.8
22.2
22.6
24.2
24-3
24-3
22.5
21.4
21.6
21.554
25.0
17.9
7-'
- 5-78
23
18.6
16.8
15.6
14.2
136
12.5
10.9
10.6
10.5
II. 5
16.671
21.0
10. 0
II. 0
— 8.50
24
12.9
•30
12.2
II. 5
II. 4
10.4
II. 4
10.7
II. 4
II. 4
11.046
14.8
8.1
6.7
-11.67
25
9-3
10.4
II. 0
II. 9
13-6
15.6
17.0
16. 2
16.2
17.4
11.988
18.0
6.6
11.4
— II. II
26
24.4
24.2
23- 9
24.4
25.2
25. «
21.6
22.3
23.2
21.7
21.808
26.0
'3-9
12. 1
- 5-67
27
24.0
2't. 6
24.2
22.3
24.0
23- 9
24- 5
24.5
23- 7
24.6
23.025
26.0
'9-9'
6.1
- 5.00
28
«39
10.7
13-6
9 5
10. 2
10.3
10. s
II. 5
12.4
II. 2
15- 766
25.0
9-5'
•5-5
— 9.00
29
136
13s
•5 2
138
'3 3
13-6
13-8
14.4
17.4
12.4
13-067
20.0
8.6
II. 4
— 10. 50
30
19.077
«8- 553
18.350
17.697
17.663
17.497
17.717
17.647
17.480
17.340
1 8. 0871
21.83
'3-82
8.01
- 7-17
- 7- 24
-7-56
-7.94
-7.94
- 8.06
- 7.94
—8.00
-8.06
— 8.17
- 7-73
- 5-47
-10. 10
4-44
- 7-73
• From tlie observed hourly readings.
'I
m
'■i
1'
204
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
OCTOBER, 1882.
Table V.V\\\.— Temperature 0/ the air, October, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to lr)cal mean time by adding 49"*
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.53 meters],
^ = + 8i<»44' ;i =-64''4S' = -4'' 19'"
Date.
I
2
3 -
4 ■
5
6
7
8
9 ■
10
II
12
>3
<4
•5
16
•7
18
•9
20
21
22
»i
24
2S
26
27
28
*9
30
31
Means
Means in
centi-
grade ..
I a. m.
3 a.m.
3 ". m.
II. 4
II. 3
7 5
ii
9.6
10. s
3.6
3.4
4.2
-4.6
6.1
— 9.4
6.4
-6.3
8.8
-8.4
II. 4
—II. 3
7.6
-9.4
S.a
34
3.«
-3.6
0.6
-0.6
I.O
"•3
0.4
0.4
3.'
-3-6
II. 0
—10.6
8.6
- 9-7
n.6
—•3.'
20. I
-16.6
2.6
-2.6
14.6
—14.0
12.9
-IS. 2
12.3
-16.0
IS. 4
-16. s
18. 1
-IS- 9
11.6
-II. 6
"3
—16.4
IS.8
-14.S
19 I
-19. 5
19.'
-17.3
7-0903
-7. 4806
21.72
-21.94
10.8
5.6
•0.3
3.0
- S-«
- 95
-6.3
- 9.0
-10.4
- 7-4
3. 2
- S-2
■ O. 2
> 4
0.4
-3-6
-II. I
- 8.0
-•3.1
-16.6
- 1.6
-13.6
-12.4
-'55
-«7-7
-17.9
-12.5
-14.8
-16.3
-19.7
-18.3
-7-5194
-21.94
4 a. m.
10.9
5-9
10.4
0.4
-5.8
- 9.3
- 6.6
-8.3
-9.8
- 6.6
0.6
-4.6
- 0.6
0.7
OS
- 3-7
-12. I
- 6.8
-14. 6
-14.8
- 2.4
-«3«
-13.6
-16. 2
-«9-3
-19. I
-12. 2
-«S. I
-16. 1
19.1
-17. 1
7.6613
-22.06
5 a. m.
10.3
7.3
10.
3.
- 7.
- 9-
- S-
- 8.
- 9-
- 6.
I.
• 4.
1.6
0.6
- O. 3
■ 45
-«3-7
- 6.6
-'55
-14.1
- 5-9
-12.5
-13-6
-18.0
-18.4
-19. 3
-'3*
-16.0
-16.7
-16. s
■ 5-6
6 a. m.
7 a.m.
8 a. m.
9-9
7-9
10.4
a-S
- 6.8
- 9-4
- S-7
- 8.8
-10.6
- 6.1
- 0.8
- 3-9
■ 2.4
0.8
0.0
- 6.6
14. I
- 8.6
-14.6
-13.6
-5.6
-II. 7
-II.4
-19.4
-19.3
-«7.5
-13-8
-17.2
-17.7
-17.6
-14.5
7.7419-7.9387
— 22. 06
-22. 17
II, I
9.4
10.6
30
- 95
- 75
- 75
- 8.6
-10.7
-4.6
1.2
- SO
- 24
0.7
0.0
- 75
-14,6
-9.6
-15.1
-10,6
-8,6
-11.6
-10.3
-16,4
-19.0
-16.3
-14. S
-15.3
-17.8
-16.0
"3 «
-7.6152
-22.00
II. \
9.4
3.6
-6.5
- 8.0
-6.4
- 8,1
- 9-4
-3.6
2.9
-3.6
- 1.0
1.3
-0.2
- 9-7
-15.4
-II.
•S-
-10.
-13.
-10.
-10.6
-«7S
19.3
-19.5
-13-8
-17.4
-18.7
>5-3
-12.5
— 7-7'94
—22.06
9 a.m.
11.4
99
9..?
" 4
-6-5
- y I
- 7-6
-8.0
- 10. I
-2.9
-0.6
- 3-9
- 1. 1
«.4
- o. 3
- 9.5
-«S-7
-14.
-'7-
- 8.
-14.
- 8
-10. I
-18. 1
-19. 6
-19.4
-!3-«
-ISS
-19, 3
15. 1
"3
-7. 9323
—33. 17
II. 3
10. 3
10. 1
3-9
- 7.0
-4.6
-8.4
- 7-9
- 9.4
- ».4
- 0.4
- 4- a
-0.3
1.3
- 0-7
-8.7
-16.0
-15.8
-15.8
-7.8
-14.8
- 6.6
-9.6
-18.9
-17.6
-17.6
-134
-18.6
-18. 1
-«S.4
-II. o
-7- 5613
II a, m.
Noon.
I p. m.
3 p.m.
10.8
10.3
10. I
8.3
9.8
97
9.6
9-4
8.6
8.8
8.8
91
3.9
4.3
1.4
0.8
- 5-9
-S.4
-7.6
-8.9
:!::
- 6.7
-l\
-5.6
-93
-8.8
-8.4
-8.7
—10.7
-9,S
-9.3
-9.3
—10. 1
- 1.6
-0.6
0.7
0.0
- 1.3
— 0.6
IS
a-S
- 3.6
-36
-3.6
- 57
0.0
1. 1
1.8
a-S
0.9
1.0
0.3
0.3
-0.8
-0.4
- 0.8
-0.6
-9.6
-9.4
-II s
-9.0
-17.6
-16.3
-17.4
-17. 1
-14.6
~'S'.
-15.6
-15.6
-18,4
-17.6
-18.7
—20.4
-6.8
-6.9
-6.8
— 6.3
-15.3
-15.6
-16,7
—17.4
-6.6
- 6.1
- s-s
- 7-4
-9-3
- 7-6
- 7-6
- 5.7
-17.0
—16,6
-18.3
-18.6
-17.6
-16.6
-16. 1
-15.6
-15.6
-17.6
-17.6
-17.6
-13. 1
-1 1.3
—10.7
-9-7
-20.6
—19. 1
-19.9
— 19.6
-19.5
-18.4
-20.4
—20.6
-175
-17-4
-14.4
-17- S
-10.5
- 9.7
-8.8
-8.7
-7.6710
-7.3S«6
—7. 6419
— 7. 9226
—22.06
—21.89
— 22.00
—23. 17
TIIK LAUY FRANKLIN HAY KXPEDITTON.
205
m.
a p.m.
1
8.3
6
9-4
8
9.1
4
0.8
6
-8.9
7
-5.6
S
-93
7
—10.7
-9.S
I
7
0.0
5
2-5
6
- S-7
8
as
3
0.3
8
-0.6
5
-9.0
4
-17. 1
OCTOBER, 1883.
Taulk LVIll. — Tem/xralun 0/ the air, October, 1883.
Wuhingtoii mean time. Reduce to I0c.1l iiicaii time by adding 4i>"'
Thermometer aliove the ground, 5 fcvt [1.52 nivten].
f =:^-f 8l''44' X =-64° 45' —4'' 19"'
3 p. m.
,p. m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
II p.m.
Midnight.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
So
|r means in
itigrade.
6.6
6.8
5-9
14.0
3-9»
w
10. 1
P
c
^
6.9
59
39
S-9
5.8
6.3
4.9
8. 654
13.00
1
9-4
9.4
9.6
97
9.6
9.3
9.6
9.6
10.3
97
8.875
12.0
4a
7.8
12.83
3
8.8
7-9
6.8
6.5
58
4.8
4.8
47
3-5
3-6
8.117
II. 3
3-5
7.8
13.33
3
OS
03
— 1.3
-3.4
- I.O
-0.9
0.4
- 1.8
- 2.8
4.3
0.896
6.0
- 4.3»
10.3
17.28
4
- 9.3
-7.6
- 8.6
8.6
- 9-3
-8.7
8.1
-96
- 97
9.4
- 7.504
- 6.846
30
- 10.9
7.9
-21.94
5
- S.I
- 5.0
6. 6
- S-4
-6.6
-7-3
- 6.8
-6.4
S«
4.8
■ 4. a
- 10. 4
6.3
— 21.56
6
-9-8
-10.8
—10.6
-10.4
8.1
-10.4
9.8
- 9- 7
9.8
- 8.6
— 8.317
- 5.0
-II. 9
6.9
- a3. 33
7
—II. 4
-9.1
— 11.7
— II. I
-II. 4
-10.3
-10.4
—10.6
- 8.6
-8.3
—10. 1
- 9.375
- 9.688
-6.5
— 13.3
5-7
— 23. 00
8
-10. J
— 10. 1
-8.8
- 7- 9
9-6
-8.9
- 9.3
-96
-7.6
-6.9
II. 5
4.6
-a3. 17
9
0.7
— 0.3
0.5
1.9
3-7
"••I
SS
6.1
6.4
4.9
— 1.025
7.0
- 9.4
16.4
- »8. 33
10
a. 4
as
34
1'
3-4
-i?
2.4
- » S
- 1.4
- a. 0
1.404
6.6
- 3.0
9.6
— 17.00
II
-6.4
-7.3
-7.6
- 6.1
-6.9
- 41
- 3.9
-0.9
— 1. 1
— 4.44a
2.3
- 7.6«
9.8
— 30. 23
13
»-3
3-;
3.4
-:i
3.3
3.3
1.9
1.9
«-4
0.3
0.613
3-5
- 3.5
6.0
— 17.44
«3
- 1.4
— 0.8
-a.s
— 0.3
-0.5
- 0.7
- 0.7
- 0.3
0.6
0.138
3.0
- 3.0
6.0
-17.17
14
— I.O
-1.6
- 3.4
-3.8
-3.8
30
- y*
- 3«
-30
- 3.«
— I. 217
6.0
- 3.8»
9.8
-18. w
«5
-10. 5
-16.6
- 8.1
-7-8
- 9.4
-II. 0
-I3.0
— 9.9
'-'11
— 10.6
II.S
- 8.379
■ 1.2
-12. 5
"•3
— 23.44
16
-1S.8
-14.9
-10.5
-14.3
-14.6
-13.5
-13.9
-12.6
-14.042
- 7.5
— 19.6
13. I
- »l- 56
"7
-14.6
-15.3
-16.8
-15.8
-MS
-'3S
->3S
-14.1
-'3S
~^iS
- 12.738
- 3.0
-17-4
14.4
- 24. 83
18
--'\\
—18.8
—30.8
-21.4
—30.9
-a3S
-ai.s
-19.5
-31.6
—19.6
-17.862
-13- ••
-23. 5»
21.6
-27, 72
'9
-S.6
-6.0
- 5 S
— 4.9
~SS
-S3
- S-4
- 1.6
- 3.«
- 8.696
— 1.0
-22.6
— 22.61
20
-18. 1
-17.7
-17.4
-17.4
-16.8
-17. 1
— 16.0
16. I
-IS. 8
-15.4
— 12.642
— 1.0
-19- 3
18.3
- 34. 78
21
-8.6
— 6.6
-ii.S
—10.6
-12.4
-12. 5
— 13.0
-13.8
-7.9
-II. 4
— 10. 400
- 4.0
- 16.0
12.0
- a3. 56
23
-6.6
-5.6
-5.6
-6.4
-8.4
-8.7
-10.4
— 13.3
-14.3
-15.8
— 10. 200
- 30
-15.8-
12.8
- a3. 44
23
-19. 1
—19.6
-18.8
-18.4
-30.4
—19.6
— 18.6
-17.9
—16.6
16.7
-17.688
- 8.0
— 31.3
13. a
— 27.61
24
-14. 1
-15. 1
-17. 1
-16.4
-18.6
-16.7
— 16.6
-14.8
-18.3
-19.3
-17.275
—14.0
— 20.3
6.3
— a?- 39
25
-16. 5
-1S.6
-13.6
-«3-3
-«3 >
-13. S
-II. 8
-II. 9
—12. 1
-II. 7
-15.875
"3
-20.7
9.4
— 26. 61
26
-8.9
- 9.1
-9.6
— 10.6
—10.6
— lO. I
—10.6
—II. I
- 9.7
-14.6
— 11.600
- 8.8
-15. I
6.3
— 24.22
27
—31. I
—31.3
—30.8
—19.6
-«7.7
-16.6
—14.6
-14.4
-13.6
-16. 1
- 17. 188
— II. 3
-22.4
II. 3
- 27. 33
28
-18.9
—31.3
-19. 1
-16.7
-^ss
-16.4
-•6.5
-16.6
—17.8
-18.6
-17.796
-14.0
— 23. I
8. s
-27.67
29
-17.9
-19. I
-10.3
-17. 1
-16.5
-14. 1
-18.6
-18.1
-16.8
-18.5
-'7.338
13.0
-30.3
7-3
- 27. 29
30
-8.S
-8.3
- 8.1
-6.6
-7.6
-7.0
-6.9
-6.9
- 7.1
- 7.0
- 10. 938
-6.0
- 19.8
138
-23.83
3«
-7.9484
-7,oas8
-7. 4290
-7.8903
-7- 9387
-7- 9613
-7. 6226
-7.6548
-7.S2a6
- 8. 1774
- 7-7507
-a. 39
-12.49
10. 10
-33. 17
-21. 67
—21.89
—22. 17
-32. 17
—22. 22
—22.00
—32.00
-21.94
-22. 33
— 22.06
—19. 10
-24.7^
5.61
— 22.06
I
' From the observed liourly retdin^s.
hi!
1
1
*
-■'
^i
'■ .
Ill
'"' ^t' '
■ ■ ■ 5
' 'J ■
1
m
- >'/
206
TIIK LAI>v KRANKLIN HAY ICXPEHITION.
• -
NOVKMHKR, iM8j.
'I'ahi.k I. IX. — Tfrnf^intlutr of the air^ Nm'embtr, i88j.
Wuhili(;liin mean time. Keiliiee to local mean time l>y nihling 49*
Thermometer nliove tlic ^Toiind, 5 feet [1.52 inetcr!i].
^ . f8l''44' X 64° 45' 4" 19"'
I lute.
1 a. m.
2 a, m.
3 a. m.
4 a. in.
5 a. III.
6 a. ni.
7 a. III.
S a. III.
9 a. III.
lu a. m.
1 1 a ni.
N'loii.
1 [I. m.
2 l>. III.
1 ....
-7-3
-6.9
- 7'
- 7>
-0.5
-6.7
7-«
7-7
8.1
8.8
13."
13. «.
14.6
'SS
a
3 .—
4 ...
V:::.
--I3.6
-20.0
-15.6
-26.6
-29.4
--16. 1
-18.6
15.2
-24.9
-28.4
-17.1
-18. 1
-15.6
-25. 7
3«- «
-16.9
11). I
1(1.3
-25.9
-3«-7
-16.6
—22.0
-16. 1
-26.8
-29.5
-19.4
21.8
16.1
26.0
-29.7
— 21. 1
-23.5
-15.6
- 28! 6
19. 5
20.8
-15.0
27- 4
29.1
21. I
20. I
14.8
28.6
26.8
16.9
17.6
13.6
27.6
3°. 6
19.1
16.2
'4 S
-28. 7
28.9
20. 2
"5 5
13. 6
27.5
25.9
21,5
15.1
-14.4
38.4
-26.1
-18. 1
-14.6
14.4
27.9
24- 7
V:::.
9.-..
10
II —
-22.5
-30-4
-35-4
37- 0
-37- «
-22.6
-310
-33.0
37-3
-36.8
-22.9
3". 9
36. 1
-39- 0
-22.6
-30. S
-32. 3
-37.0
-37- 4
-22.7
- 32. 1
34. 0
-37 a
-36.9
-22.4
-.p. 2
32.3
-35- «
-39. 0
-22.4
- 29. 4
.14. 4
—36. 9
-37- 0
-22.5
-30. 4
},i- 7
36.7
37. S
-23.6
30.0
37.2
40. 2
34.8
23.8
29.6
n- 6
34.6
36.4
-25.4
39-6
-356
-25. 5
30.6
35-6
38.6
III
-24.3
32. 4
36.1
34. S
34.3
-25.4
-31. 2
35. 3
33-6
35-4
12 ...
"3 ----
14--.-
15 — .
16
-35-4
24. 3
—24.8
-MS
-15.6
-34. 5
21.3
—23.0
-15. 1
-15.1
-36.2
-18.3
-23. 4
-13-6
-15.4
-36.3
'57
-17.0
- 34. 7
-16.0
-23. 1
-17.0
-17.6
-34. 2
-15.2
23.8
-18.3
-17.8
-34. 9
-17.4
-23.2
— 17.C1
— 19. 1
-32.6
-18.0
24.5
—17.9
19.8
.J3.6
20.5
-24.6
17.4
20. 6
-32.6
21.4
24. 7
17. 1
22.4
- 3.7
-25.5
-IS I
-23.3
-33-1
-21.1
-23. 4
7.4
-23.4
32- 9
19.1
23. I
- 3. 1
-33.8
33.6
22.8
-22. 1
- 2.4
-25.3
17 ....
18 ....
19 ....
20
21
-31.6
—32.2
29. 3
-19.9
-27.8
-29.8
26. 6
-19.8
-28.9
-?o. 6
-33.6
-26. I
-19. 1
—29. 0
-32. 9
-35 4
-25. 7
-19.4
-29. 6
-33.6
-35. 9
-25.6
-19.4
—29.6
32.0
—26. 3
-19.8
—29.0
-335
-36. 5
-25.6
21.0
-28. 8
li- 2
35-9
25.5
-2J.8
-28.8
33. 2
39. 3
28.5
365
-25. 3
23.0
-28.8
-3S-4
-35- S
-23.6
-24.4
-28.7
-34. «
-34.S
-24. 2
-22. 7
-30.1
-35- «
-34. 8
23. 6
24. 3
28.3
-34.6
32.6
32.6
25.7
30.2
22
23 — -
24 ....
25
26
—30.0
-il- 5
— J2. 1
—30. 6
-30. «
-3SO
-32 5
-34- 0
-32- S
3«.6
-35. I
-32.7
-30.6
-30.0
-34- 1
-n- 3
-32. 4
31.8
-33-1
-34.7
-33-5
-33-9
-31.0
-35- >
- 34. 4
-33-5
-3«.8
-33.7
-3S-I
-36. s
-34-5
-3'- 4
-32.6
-34. s
-34-3
-3«-9
-29.6
-3s'a
-32.8
- 36. 6
3S-4
-34-7
-32- 0
-33. «
- 35. 7
36. 5
-34.0
-3<.o
-33- 4
35- 4
-36. 1
34.9
32.6
.U.6
33. 5
-36- •
-33-9
-33- «
-33- 7
-32.4
36.1
-34.6
-34- 3
29 ....
30 — .
Means.
Means
-3«-9
-3'- 3
-34- 0
-43-8
-3««
—28.2
3«-4
-42. 3
-28.8
-30.9
35. 3
42.9
-3«.2
28.9
37-2
37.3
-30.5
-3.VS
42. 3
-25..
-36.3
-42.2
-32. s
— 3«.4
-39.1
— 390
-32. 7
—36. 9
—40.9
-32.1
—34.8
37- 9
-31-8
-32.4
-36. 5
-38. 6
-31.8
30. 9
-39- 6
-38.9
-33-4
-32.2
-41. I
-36.6
31-9
-3«.9
36.8
34.4
-32.7
-32. 2
—40.0
-36.4
-27. 633
-27.210
-27.433
—27. 460
-27. 950
-27. 783
-28.467
-28. 307
-28.607
-28. 253
—28. 263
-28. 327
-27- 797
—28.01c
incenti-
gnule.
-11-^^
-32.89
33.00
-33.06
~ii- 11
— 33- 22
-33- 61
-33- 50
-33.67
-33- SO
-il- SO
-il- SO
-11- 22
-il- 33
"•5
l8. 1
5 «
14.6
+ 4
14.4
K.4
J7.9
ri. 1
24.7
♦ •3
-as- 4
2.4
-31- a
6. 1
iS- 3
45
43
35- 4
J. 9
33-6
(,. 1
22. 8
3«
-22. 1
3. I
- 24
3-8
-25.3
THK LADY I RANKMN MAY KXPEDITION.
NOVKMIJKR, i8Hj.
'rAiiLK LIX. — Tnnffraturf i>J llw air^ .Wrfttnhtr, iS«2.
Wuhiniiloii iiiciin nine. Kciliuc l<> lociil mean time l>) luldin^; .)<>■«
Tlierniunicltr al>ove tlie cruumi, 5 feet [1.52 metGrii]
^-- + 8l»44' A--64»4S'= 4" •'/"
207
3 !>• m.
4 i>. m.
S !•• I".
(> ]i. ni.
7 p. m.
H p. \\\.
<) p. m.
10 p. in.
II p. m.
Miiln't.
n
Daily
incnns.
Max.
Min.
,
Daily means in
ccntigriJe.
14.1
15.6
14 7
15.6
-14.8
I...7
15.6
-15.4
14.4
111. 0
11. 8208
4.0
17.0
ij.o
-24. 33 1
-ao. 6
-21.6
~l8.o
'9 5
-22.4
18.9
-19.5
22.4
20. 5
-19.9
-19.1875
12.4
22.4
10.0
28.44
a
-14.2
-13.8
-13.2
<3 4
12.8
"31
12.9
13.0
-12.6
-14 5
-16. 5208
-12. f)»
-24. 3
11.7
26.94
3
-14.8
IS.6
-16. s
17.0
-20.5
2?. 4
23. 7
23.3
22.4
'i\
—17.1125
- 8.0
-24- 5
16.5
27.28
4
-30. 0
29.3
23.8
-26.7
25- S
26.9
26.5
26.2
-27.8
27.4
27. 2460
23.0
-31.0
8.0
32. 89
5
-24.6
»3 a
-23 '
23 I
22. 2
22.3
22.9
-22.6
23. 1
26. 2667
-21.8
-32.3
10.5
— 3». 39
6
-27.8
-26.7
29. 8
29.2
30.2
29. 5
.I".7
30.8
3". 4
-3" 4
-26.0417
-22. 1
-},\ 2
II. 1
32. 22
7
-30. 1
-29. 5
28.4
30-5
3«-7
-32.8
32-4
-32.4
32."
33.6
30. 9875
-28. 4«
35.5
7'
-35.00
8
-356
36.6
-35.6
,»7'2
35 6
37.6
-35-8
37. 5
- 39. I
37-3
.». .19 '7
'hi- 2"
-40.5
8-3
37-44
9
-34.6
31.7
35- 5
-35 5
.?«• 3
37- 1
39.1
- }8. 6
-34-6
39. 3
36.6125
-3'. 7*
-41.0
9-3
-38. II
10
-34- S
-35- >
-34- «
34. 5
-32.1
36.1
-35.8
34. 3
ii^i
35.0
35. 7708
-32. '•
-41.5
9 4
-37.67
II
-33- a
3« I
-3«-8
-30.5
^30. 5
-30.6
29.6
39. 2
-27.8
23.2
-32.3000
-23. 2"
-41.0
17.8
-35. 72
12
-21.7
22.3
-17.8
-23.0
22.2
20.3
-25.0
23. 1
-23.1
25.3
22.6
-20. 137s
-2.9
-25. 2»
22.3
-28.94
'3
20. 4
-17.1
16. 1
•75
19.6
'57
- 14. 1
-12.8
13.4
-20. 6708
10.7
26.3
15.6
-29. 28
'4
- 5 5
- 6.6
- 8.0
-9-6
10. 1
•2.4
"3.5
13.6
^ii
'53
12.4750
- 1. 1
—20.9
19.8
-34.73
'5
-24.4
-2S.2
-25.0
-25-7
-27. s
25.8
-29.5
-30.1
-30.3
29.8
-22.8833
- 99
-3'. 8
21.9
-30. so
16
-3»i
-33- 3
-3*7
-33- 5
-32. 4
-3«.5
-30.7
3'. 6
-3«.i
-3'.o
-32. 5333
29.8
36.8
7.0
-35.83
'7
-3»8
-31- 8
-32.6
30.9
-30.4
-30. 4
30. 3
— 29.6
29-5
28.6
-il- 2875
28. f.«
-39.3
10.7
36.28
18
-21.7
-22. 0
-22. 4
21. 1
- 20. 2
20.4
20. 3
-20. 3
-20. 1
-19.8
-23. 4833
-19.8'
-30.5
10.7
30. ^i
'9
-24.6
26.8
-25.6
26.0
-26.8
27.0
-27. s
-31.8
-27.1
28.4
-28.1
- 23.7833
-18.5
- 29. 2
10.7
-31.00
20
-,19. 4
-3"- 3
-30.4
-30-3
-319
-32. S
-30.8
-30.4
-3'. 8
-29.8625
-27. S»
-34.0
6.2
-34. 39
21
-34. S
-34-4
-3»-6
-33- 0
-35- 2
-34.6
3«.8
-32- 4
-34. 3
-33.7
-33. 7500
-33. 7875
—29. 6'
-36. 5
6.9
-36.00
32
-3«-3
--30- 7
-29. 7
-29. 4
-29.1
28. 7
-30. 4
-30. «
-30.4
-3'.'
-28. 7'
-38.5
9.8
-36.00
23
-33-6
-34.8
-34. 8
35- 1
-34.6
-33.6
- 35. 4
33.6
-33-8
32. 8
-34. 5875
-32.1*
-39. 2
7.'
- 37. 00
24
-34. «
-31-6
-32.6
— 330
-32.6
31.8
-30.6
-29. 3
-28.6
29.8
— 33. 8000
-28.2
-37.6
9-4
-36. 00
25
-33.6
-33- 4
-34-6
-33-6
-32.6
-32.6
-32.5
-3>.7
-31.6
-3'. 4
-32. 3292
—24.0
-37-5
'3-5
35. 72
26
-3»3
-27.7
-31.8
-26.4
-25. s
—29.6
-29.4
-28.4
-26.8
-30- 4
-30. 3000
-24.2
-35.4
II. 2
-34.61
27
-34*
-34-4
-3*5
-32- «
-35.2
34.4
-35.2
-34. 4
-33-6
32.?
- 32. 4875
-28. 0
-37.0
9.0
i5- 83,
28
-42.4
-39-9
-33. 8
-42.9
-44-3
-35-8
—44.1
-43. 6
-43-3
-35.8
-43.2
-45.1
-42. 1
-39.2917
-3'.4"
-46. 0
14.6
-39. 61
2>)
-34.8
-38.4
-36.8
-35.6
-35.8
-36. 5
-33.0
-37. 9083
-33- o»
-45. 0
12.0
- 38. 83
30
-27.917
-27. 607
-27. 807
-27.653
-28.057
—28. 420
-28. 343
-28. 223
-28. 097
—28. 070
—27. 9872
—21.90
-32. 70
11.7c
^
-33- 28
-33"
—33- 22
-33- 17
-33- 39
-},i- 56
-11- 50
-33. 44
-33. 39
-33- 39
-33. 33
- 30. 00
-36. SO
6.SC
33- li
I
H
■ Froii) the obferrcc) liourl^ reading,
208
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXrEDlTIO-N.
w\
n \ (
ur.
1 1
Sj!
DECEMBER, i88a.
Table LX — Temptrature of the air, December, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'>
Thermometer aliovc the ground, 5 feci [1.52 meters].
^— + 8I0 44' ^^ — 64045' 1=-— 4'' 19"'
! i
Date.
I a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. ni.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. ni.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
I
-35-4
-35-9
-35-8
-36.4
-Jf^-i
-35- S
-35-6
-37-3
-36-6
-36. s
-35-8
-36-9
-36.2
-38.3
2
-36.4
-38. 9
-37.6
-39 6
-39-0
-41. I
-39- «
-37- 5
-40. 2
-37-6
—40.6
-39-2
-40.0
—40.0
3
-37-6
-37- 2
—40.0
— 40. 0
—39-9
-35- 5
~^Zi
-38- 7
-38.4
-35-4
—36. 0
"33- 5
-32.2
31-6
4
-3'- 7
-31.6
-30-6
-30. I
-29.6
-29.2
-28.6
-29. s
-28. 6
—27-4
-27. s
-27.8
-28.4
-27.4
s
-30- 9
-31-8
-30- S
-32.8
-32.6
-31-2
-32.6
-32-6
-33- 1
-34-2
-30. 5
-30-3
-33- 4
-33- 0
6
—30.6
-34-4
-32. 6
-34.6
-32.8
-35- 2
-33 5
-32.6
-365
-35- S
-33-6
-31.0
-34- 0
-32-9
7
-33-9
-34-6
-3S- S
-33.6
-35- 2
-32.9
-30. 5
-3«-7
-30-1
-30- S
-28.8
-28.6
-27.1
-27- 9
8
-33-8
-32. 5
-34-0
—3'- 4
-33- 0
-35-7
-34.1
34- 3
35- 4
-3«-2
-33-8
—20.8
-18.8
17-5
9
-33-7
-30.4
-3«-«
-33- >
- 32. 1
-29-9
-3«-«
-27-5
-29.4
-■=9-5
—28.0
—30.0
-29.6
-30-4
10
- 3«. 7
-32. I
-29-5
-30-3
-32. «
-32- 1
-29-5
-28.6
-28.4
—28.1
-28.3
-28.2
-2S.S
-27.8
II
-27. 9
-26.4
-29- S
-29.5
-26.7
-26.4
-29.1
-27.6
-27.8
—24.9
—24.0
-27.8
-24.7
-20.4
12
—21.0
-25.1
-27.0
-23.1
-27.6
-26.1
—22.2
-28.6
-29.9
-30-5
-3.-6
—28.9
—30. 0
31-7
«3
-32.0
—31-9
-32.9
-32-9
-32.4
-3«-3
~'^ll
-,^2. 3
-32.0
-35-3
-33- 5
-32. 9
-35- 2
3'- 9
14
-33-7
-33' 5
-31-6
-31-6
-3'- 7
-29.1
—28.6
-27. s
—26.5
-25-4
—26.0
-26. 7
-25.6
—26.4
IS
-2S.6
-27.4
-22.7
-2S-4
-27-1
-22.4
-25. 8
-23-9
-26. s
-28. s
-24-9
-27.1
—24. 6
18.8
16
—21. 1
—20. 1
—22.0
—21. 1
—19.8
-21.7
—21.6
-24.6
—26.7
-28.8
-30 4
-28.3
-28.6
-29. 1
'7
-34-6
—30.6
-33-3
-35- 7
-34-7
-34- 0
-32.9
-35- 4
-35-6
-36.2
-32.6
-34-1
-33-3
-34- 6
i8
-as- 4
—24. 6
23.6
— 23.0
—22. 1
—21.6
-21.8
—21. 1
-21. 5
-21-7
-23.2
-23.4
—24.6
-24. S
19
-25.4
-28. s
-27.8
-28.4
—28.6
-29.7
— 31- 5
-27- 5
-30. 1
-29.2
-27-5
-26.8
-25- 7
-24-9
20
—20. 2
-19.8
-19.4
-19. 1
— 19.0
— 18.9
-i8.8
-19.2
-19-5
- i9. 5
— 19.6
-19. I
-19.4
-19- 5
21
-22.8
-23. 7
-24. 2
-25-5
—26.4
-28.8
-28.1
-3>-4
-32-4
-l^l
-36. I
-35-6
-29.6
-35- «
22
-33- 0
-32.8
—29.4
-32. 2
-33-6
-32.4
-33-0
-32.8
-3>-7
-30- i
-3'- 5
—30. 0
—20.8
- 26. 8
23
-27.6
-26.1
-27- 7
-17.8
-28. S
-28.7
-28.4
- 29. 0
-29.0
-31-0
-30- «
-3«S
-31.0
-26.6
24
-26.4
^26. 1
22. 6
—25.6
-25.4
-26.6
~*5-i
-27.6
28.6
-26. 1
-27.1
-27.6
-26.2
- >9-7
25
- 7«
— II.O
- 4-«
— I.O
— 1-4
0.6
0.8
-2.8
2,4
— 3-7
- 0.4
-3-6
-2.4
— 3-4
26
-3-8
- 3'
-2.4
-2.5
— 3-0
- 2. I
-2.6
- 3-2
- 3-5
-3-8
- 4.1
— 10.6
—10.8
-II. 8
27
-28.6
-30.9
-29-3
-30-4
-30.6
-29-4
-32.7
-3>-4
-30- 9
-3«-8
-32.1
-31.6
-31.8
-31-8
28
—36.2
-3S-8
-i^- 3
-37- S
-34.6
-34-8
-34-8
-36.5
-33- 0
-36-6
-33-5
-34-5
-34-5
-34-8
29
—20. 1
-17.4
-IS- 8
-IS.4
13-6
~^l\
-15.0
-13-6
-12.6
-13-7
-'3-7
—14.8
-17.1
-19.6
30
-21. 1
-22.2
— 22. 1
-20. 4
—20. 1
—18.6
-18.1
-16. 7
-17-4
-IS- 5
—16. 1
-IS- 8
-17.0
-16. 1
31
Means..
-25.5
-27.6
-27.8
-27.6
-29.1
-3^-6
-30.7
-33-1
-34-7
-35-8
-37-4
-38-9
-366
-36.1
-27. S742
-27.8710
-27- 34S2
-27. 6677
-27. 6968
-27. 2903
-27. 2484
-27.6161
-28. 0323
-27.9129
-27. 6871
-27. 6097
-27.2161
-26.7871
Means in
centi-
grade .
-33>'
33-28
32- 94
-33- 17
- 33- J7
-32- 94
-32- Sg
-33-"
-33- 33
-33- 28
33- «7
-33- • I
-32-89
-32.67
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
209
DECEMBER, 1882.
Table LX Temperature of the air, December, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"
Thennometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
«)=^4-8i°44' ^=r — 64°4S' --. — 4'' 19'"
2 p. m.
-38.3
—40.0
-3«.6
-27.4
-33- o
-32- 9
-27. 9
--17.S
-30.4
-27.8
-20. 4
-3'. 7
-3"- 9
—26.4
18.8
—29. 1
-34-6
-24. S
—24.9
-19.5
-35-1
161
-26.8
-26.6
-19.7
~ 3.1
-11.8
-31.8
-34.8
— 19. 6
-16. 1
-36.1
26.7871
-32.67
3 p.m.
4 p.m.
S p.m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m
9 p.m.
10 p. m,
-:6. 6
-35- 7
-38. 6
-38.6
—40. I
-40. I
-41. I
-35-8
-42.0
-39. 8
—40. I
-36. 8
—40.6
-38.0
-39-6
-39- 9
-3«-8
-32. S
-32.1
-32-9
-il-^
'r:.(l
34- •
-33-6
-29.7
-29. s
-30.2
-28. I
30. 5
28. 6
3'- 6
—28. 6
-33-4
-34. 8
-33-4
-34-6
36-2
-36. 6
-33-6
-li- 7
-30.9
-33- 0
-34-6
-34-4
-3«-2
-33- S
—34- 6
—29.6
-28.4
-26.1
-27.8
-27.6
-27.6
-27.8
-30. 5
—29.8
—20. 5
-3C.S
-30.5
-34.8
- 36. I
-3J-9
.16-5
-36.1
-32.6
-29. 2
—29.9
-30-5
-28. 8
-30-3
-31.6
-29.9
-238
-28.6
-27.6
-28.8
—23.6
-24.8
-27.8
-25- 5
-25. 6
-26. 5
-26.7
-24.8
-24.6
-24. I
-23.9
—20.6
—29.6
-3'. 4
-30. 8
-J2. I
— 3' "
- ^». 6
-32.6
-30- 8
-34.'
-34-8
35- 6
-33- 4
—34- 4
-34-6
-34-8
-34- 3
-27.4
-27. 8
-25.6
-26. 8
-27 I
—26.2
-21.4
-23.6
-22.8
—21.0
—21.7
—21. I
-21.9
-20. 8
20. 8
-20.2
-28.6
-29. 1
-32- »
-33-6
-34-6
-32.8
-33-6
-35-4
-34.6
-35-7
-34-4
-34-6
-31-6
-32-6
-31-6
-3>-S
-27.6
-27.6
-28.3
-27.6
-29.2
-27.6
-28. 2
-28.1
-24.8
-^4-5
-23- 1
—21. I
—22.4
-22.8
-.2r.s
-21.7
—19.6
-19.4
-«9S
-18.8
—19. 6
—19.6
—20. 4
-21.9
-33-4
-36- 1
-35-8
-36-9
-38.1
-34-3
-32. 9
-35- «
—24.6
—23.0
-23.6
-22. 7
—22. 1
-20.3
- 20. 4
-21.8
-3«-4
-3t-«
-29.4
-27.8
—29. 6
-27-4
-27.6
--27.8
-20. S
—20.9
—19.0
-19.6
—20.9
-II. 6
-10. 6
-6.6
1.9
2.2
— «-7
— 2. I
-2.6
- 1.8
1.2
2.0 !
-17. 1
-16. s
-19.9
-20. s
-22.6
-22.6
-26.6
-28.0 '
-33-6
-35- «
-34. 0
-35-6
-38.4
- 40. 2
34-6
-35- i
-34- 5
-30.1
—28.4
-27.9
-25. 9
26.6
25.8
-26. I
—21.8
—22. 1
-23.6
-23.8
-23.9
-24. I
22. 6
-23. s
— 16. 1
~'!i
—16.9
-19. I
-19. I
— 24. 6
25- •
-26. 7
--38. «
-36.8
-38.7
-39-4
-40. S
-39-3
-40. 7
-40. 1
-27- 535S
-27. 8968
-28. 1806
-28. 2710
-28.6452
-28.1194
-28. 2742
-27. 7226
-33-06
-33.28
-33-44
-33- SO
-33.67
-11- 39
-33- SO
-33- >7
II p. m.
-34-5
-35-6
34- 4
33- 6
-U- 6
-35- 4
31-8
32.8
-30- 5
-27.6
- 25. 2
-32.0
34- 2
26. I
-22. 4
-32-4
-30.6
-27.6
-21. 2
-22.8
-36.1
25- 8
26. 4
2.5
•■3
-24.6
-34- 8
-24.5
23-4
26.4
42. 6
Midn't.
-41
I
-39
I
-32
I
-31
6
-3>
8
— ■•■»
4
32.0
— 32. I
-30- 5
-27-9
-27-7
-32-4
-33-6
- 24. 7
— 16. 7
-31-6
-28. 4
—27. 7
—20. 7
-23- 5
-36.8
-26.8
— 27. 6
- I. I
o. I
-26.3
-36. I
-19.7
-22.4
-27.3
-43- 3
Daily
means.
-37-«'2S
39.09S8
-35- '500
-29- 5833
—32. 9667
-33.4750
—30. 4292
-3«-.W75
— 30. 4000
-28. 2583
—25- 9333
—28. 9458
-33- 4582
-27- 5250
-23- 3375
—27. 8208
—iV 4667
—25.0667
-25.6833
-'9- 8375
-3'- 9375
—27. 9250
-28.7125
-20. 5833
— 1.7333
— 12. 1708
-32.9792
-3«-7458
-18.6125
-19.8167
-35-5417
Max.
■28. 0677
-33. 39
-28.0355
-33- 33
-27. 7626
-32- 5
-34-8
-31. 6»
-27- 4»
-28.8
-29. 6«
-26.0
-17. 2
-23-5
23-'
- 20. 4»
21.OC1
-21. 4»
-16. 7«
-19. 8«
-28. 4«
-21. i»
—20. 7«
-12.8
-19. 2
— 19.0
-26. i»
0.5
.1-8
5.5
-26. o
- 19. o
- 8.2
~II. o
-25.0
Min.
-43-0 10.5
-20. 38
43.1
-41.0
-34-5
-37-6
-38-5
-37-2
-3«-i
-37- 6
-33-3
-30.7
-33- o
-38. o
-36. o
-29. 2
-36.7
-38- o
-3«- 2
-33- o
-23. 7
-39- 5
-37-0
-32.0
29.9
- II.O»
-28.7
41.
-.19-
-24-
29.
43-
-34-47
8-3
9-4
7-«
8.8
8.9
II. 2
20. 9
14. I
10. 2
10.3
12.0
6.7
14. 6
12.5
16. 9
9.6
10. I
'2-3
10. 9
20.3
18.0
5-9
304
14.8
34-2
15.0
20, o
"5-9
18.0
18.9
14.09
5 u
-38-39
39.50
-37-33
- 34- 22
- 36. 1 1
- 36. 39
-34-67
-35- '7
-34-67
-33-50
-32-17
-33-83
- 36- 39
-33- 06
-30.72
-33-22
-36.39
-3"-72
- 32.06
-28.78
-35-50
-33-28
-33. 20 j -29. 10—36. 89 7. 83I— 33. 20
Sh
72
-29.
22
18.72!
-24.
56
-.36.
II
35
39
28
II
-28
78
-37- 50
—11-
20
H. Mis. 393, pfc 2 14
• From the observed hourly reading a.
i ,''!
.'iti ■■
I
1
if
mm; ■,
I
' f
li: j
!l!
210
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JANUARY, 1883.
Table LXI. — Temperature of the air, January, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"
Thermometer . Njve the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
p = -f-8l'>44' ^= — 64' 45' = — 41" 19m
1
1 Date.
r "
1
1
I a. ni.
2 a. m.
3 a.m.
4 a.m.
5 a.m.
6 a.m.
7 a.m.
8 a. ni.
9 a.m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
I
41.4
—40. 6
+ !• I
-42.1
-42-3
-42.6
-41.8
-42.3
-42.6
—42.0
-43-5
-<3-2
-43-4
-41-3
2
-36. 2 •
-36- 8-
— ,6. 2 •
^ir
-^iv
-33- 7'
-33-4'
— 33-9"
-33.2'
-33- 4-
-33- 7 "
-37-1
—36.2'
-39-1
3- —
-41.4
-41. I
38.2
-38.6
—38.6
-38. s
-38.4
-39' «
—40. I
-41.7
-41.4
— 41-6
-4'. 4
-39-7
, 4- —
-36. 5
"^11
-.?8. ?
—36.6
-40. I
-39-8
-42.1
-41- 3
-40.4
—40.0
-41-3
-40. 9
-45-5
—43-6
, 3— -
-37- 1
-38.6
-34- 3 •
-33. 7
-30. 8 •
-3IS'
-32,o«
-25. 9"
—26. 3 •
-25-1
-25.2
—24.6
-23.8
-22. S
6....
-22. 6
—22.8
-236
-23.8
—26.0
-26. 6
- 25. 8
-27-3
-27-5
—29.6
-28. 3
-30-1
-29.3
—30.2
7 ....
-28.7
-34-6
-30-4
-26.6
—29. 1
-29. I
-30.2
-30.1
-33-8
-3'- 5
-33-8
-28.3
-29-3
-3'- 5
8....
-33-6
-32.1
-:v8
-34-6
-34-4
-36.6
-35-6
-3'. 6
-34- 2
—36.0
-34-8
-36.0
-36.5
-36.2
9.—
-31.0
-33-4
-3-4
-34.3
-34- I
-33-4
-33-9
-32. 3
-32.4
-30. 5
-27.4
-27.6
-30.8
-32.6
10
—30.6
— 7q.->
-33-^
-30-S
-32- I
-35- 5
-32.6
-37- «
-35-'
-35- 7
-38.2
-36.7
-35-6
-38.1
II
-36s
-35- 5
-38. 1
-35-4
-35-1
-36.2
-36.8
-35- 0
-35-6
-39'
-36-4
—40. 1
-41- 1
-36- S
12..-.
-3«f
-3*- 4
-32- 0
-31-6
-3>-4
-30.9
-30.7
-30. 5
-30.6
-30. 6
-30. 3
-30-4
-30.1
-30- 7
13— -
-32.6
-33-8
-33- S
-34. S
-37- «
-34- «
-34-6
-37- «
-39- 1
-38. 2
-41.2
-41. 9
-40. 2
-40.1
14-.-
-43- 0
43. 0
--43. 0
-42.3
-38.0
—40. 1
-39'
-43-9
-43- 1
-41.2
-39-9
-44- I
-44. 0
-40.9
15.—
-40.1
-39-9
-38. 3
-37-2
-37-1
36. 6
-42. I
-43-6
—44-3
-42.9
-43-3
-42. 4
-43- 0
-4'-9
16....
-44- 3
—44. 0
-43- 9
^46. 0
-42.1
-45-4
-46.1
-46. 3
-45- 1
-48.5
-47.1
-44-3
-47.4
-44.1
17 ....
-45-0
--44-8
-4'- 5
-41.7
-41.7
-40.9
-39-8
-39-6
-38.9
-38.3
-38.2
-38. I
-38.8
-38.0
18....
-35.9
-37.8
— T- '
-36. 8
-37-2
-39- 2
-40.7
-40.1
-39.0
-38.1
-38.0
-37-8
-38.4
-37-9
19 -—
-41.7
-43- 4
—44.4
-44- S
-45- 7
-45. 2
-45- S
-47-4
-47.2
-44. 8
-45- 9
-45-6
-43-1
-41.2
20
-45- 3
-45-6
-46. 6
-45- 2
-45- 7
-44-7
-43-4
-43-4
-42.9
-44.9
-45- 3
-45- 2
-44-1
-44.6
21
"32- 4
-32. 2
-31. 1
-32- 7
-31.2
-305
-30. 6
-3'- I
-31- 1
-3'«
-28. 7
-2r. I
-29- 3
-29.6
22
-37-4
-38.7
-35-8
-36-4
-36.1
-3SS
-34-5
-34-4
-U- 4
-33-6
-34. 3
-35- 0
-35-5
-34-6
23----
-3'- 9
-3'- 2
-30. 5
-30-5
-30- S
-31. 1
-3'- 2
-3'- 3
-32.3
—30. 6
-30.8
-3'- 5
-33-2
-33-5
24....
—42. ()
-42. 4
-39- «
-42. 2
-39- >
-43.5
—40. I
-39'
39- '
-38-4
-38. 1
-39- <•
-39-4
-40.5
25....
-42..,
-41.9
-43'
-36. 6
-42.1
-39-9
-43- 1
—40. I
-43-9
—42.6
-43-4
42.6
-42.1
-42.2
26....
"39- 1
-40. I
-40.2
-37-4
-33. 6
-36. 4
-.36.6
-37-6
-40. I
-38. 4
-38.9
—38.4
-36-6
-35-6
27 ....
-26.4
— 26.0
—25. 6
-25-3
—24.9
--24. s
-23- 9
-23.6
-24.4
-27. 8
-29.1
—29.9
-30.1
-30.4
28....
-34- 0
-35-2
-ii-i'
-34- «
-30.5
-29.0
—28. 2
—26.9
-26.6
25. 4
—24.6
-24.0
-24. 5
-24.6
29....
-27-3
-29. I
-28.8
-27.6
-26. 8
—26. 4
-27.9
-27.7
-27.6
-26.5
-26.3
—27. 2
-27.4
-26.9
30---
-311 3<5
-31- 0
-28.6
-30. 6
-29.4
-28.8
—28.8
-29.0
28.9
-29- S
-28. s
-28.6
-27.8
31- -
Means.
-30. 4 -30. 6
-31.0
-30.1
-32.6
— 32'4
-32. 5
—32 5
-35°
32.6
-35-8
38. -;
-37-9
—40. 1
-35. 8129-36.4806
-35- 8452
-35- 2839
-35.1871
-35.4581
-35. 5484
-35-5129
-35- 932.'
35-74"
-35- 8935
-36- 1387
-36- 3419
-36.0161
Means
in centi-
grade
-37-67
-38.06
-37. 67
—37. 39
-37.33
-37- 5°
-37- 50
-37-5°
-37- 72
-37- 61
-37- 72
-37- 83
-37- 94
37.78
!l !
r -i.v.
THE LADY FEANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
211
JANUARY, 1883.
Table LXI. — Temperature of the air, January, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 491°
Thermometer above tlj? ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
^ = + 81044' A = — 64°4S' = — 4"' igm
3P-m.
4 p.m.
SP. m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
i
B
a "2
a.|
<J
1«
I
—40.8
-39-6
-38.1
—40.0
-4«-3
-40.9
-36. I '
-38.6
—38.0
-35-3-
- 40. 7458
-35-3*
-45- 2
9.9
—40. 39
I
-389
-35.8'
—40. I
-36.2-
-34.8.
40.1
-36. 5 ■
-37-2
—40. I
-37-6
— 36. 3208
-33-2-
-43-8
10. 6
-37. 94
2
—40. I
-36. 9
--36- S
-35-8
-36. I
-30-4
-35- 0
39.0
-37-1
~"37-'
— 38.4917
-30.4*
-43- 0
12.6
-39. 1 7
3
-43-6
~4'-9
-39-2
—40.3
-40.7
-42.3
—41.0
-39- 0
-37.1
-38.1
— 40. 2083
-35- 5"
—46. I
10.6
—40. • I
4
-22.4
—22.0
—21.7
—21.8
-21.7
—21.7
—21.8
-22.4
-22.5
-22. 6
-26. 3333
-18.0
-39.4
21.4
-32.39
5
-28.6
-27. 2
-30- I
—29. 6
-25.6
-305
-30-9
-.'8. I
—30.6
-25-5
- 27. 5083
— 21.0
-32.0
II. 0
-33-06
6
-28.1
-30-4
-33- >
-32.7
-32 «
-34. 6
-33-7
-3t I
-33-8
-35-2
-3>-5333
—24.8
-38.0
•3.2
-35- 28
7
-3S-6
-35-4
-32. 3
-33. S
-32. S
-32.7
-31.8
-32. '■>
-33.6
—30.2
- 34. 0500
—30- 2 •
-38.7
8-5
-36.67
S
—28.6
—29. 6
—30.0
-3>-4
-32.1
-32. 5
-33-2
-32.6
— '' 0
-33-6
-3«-8i2S
—27-4*
-36.6
9-2
-35- 44
9
-364
-35-3
-37-2
-36.1
-36. 1
-35- 5
-35-4
—^6. 9
-37- >
-35-6
- 35- 3583
— i-*-"
-39.5
9-5
-37-44
10
-35'^
-38.6
-36.4
-35-6
-35 2
—34- I
-33. 5
-32. 5
-32-6
— 36. 2500
-32-5
-41.7
9-2
-37. 89
II
-31- >
-30.8
-3«-2
-31-6
-31- 6
-32.2
-34-5
-34-1
-33-8
-33-6
— 31.6042
—30. 1 •
-35.6
5-5
-35- 33
12
-42.6
-39- 1
-4«.S
—40. 7
— 41.0
-43-3
-42.9
—41.8
—44-0
-41-3
- 39- 0083
-30-3
-45.2
14.9
-39. 44
"3
—42.1
—41.6
— 40.0
-38.9
-40.3
-37-6
-37.7
-34-6
-37-5
-37- 5
- 40. 5583
-34- 6 •
— 4S.O
10.4
-40. 33
14
-43- 0
—44-2
— 44-S
-41.0
-41-3
—40. 1
—46.0
—44.6
—42.1
—44-2
— 41.8208
— 36.6'
—46.0
9-4
—41.00
«S
—44'
-44- 9
—46. 1
—47.1
—48.0
-45.1
-45. I
-45-1
—46. 2
-45-2
-45. 5167
-42. I •
-50.6
'8.5
-43.06
16
—38.0
- l8.o
-38.1
-38.0
-37-6
-36.6
—36.6
-36.4
-36. 6
-35-6
- 39- 0333
-35-6'
—46. 0
10.4
—39-44
17
-37-4
-38.1
-37-4
-38.1
-38.4
-38.3
-39- I
—38.6
-39-1
—41.2
— 38. 3208
-35- 6*
— 41. 6
6.0
-39- 06
18
-43- 0
—40.9
-43- 1
-47-4
-44. I
-42.4
-45-7
—46.9
-46.1
-45-2
— 44. 6000
-41.2*
—47.9
6.7
-42- 56
«9
—43-6
—39-6
—41.2
—38.6
-37-1
-36.2
-35-4
-33-8
-33-0
-33-5
— 41.6208
-33- 0
-48.0
15.0
-40. 89
20
—30.6
-32.5
-34-6
-38.6
—40.6
-43-4
-36.6
—44- I
-42.1
- 39. 6
- 33- 8917
-28.7-
—44.9
16.2
-36.61
21
-34-8
— 340
-33- 5
-33-2
-33- 0
-32.6
-32.5
-32-5
-32.6
-32.1
-34.4167
-32. 1 •
-41.3
9.2
-36.89
22
-35- 0
— 340
-37.6
-35- 1
-37-2
-37-1
—40. 6
-39-6
—42. 6
-43-3
- 34- 2708
-30.5'
-43.3-
12.8
-36.83
23
—41. 1
-40. s
-42.1
-37-1
-39-3
-38.0
—40.7
—41.9
-38. 6
-39-1
— 40. 0667
-37.1'
-45.7
8.6
— 40.06
24
—40.1
-37- «
-38.1
-38.0
—36. «>>>>
-35.6
-38.4
-37.6
-36.5
-36.2
— 40. 0041
-35-6-
-44.0
8.4
—40.00
25
-32-7
-3*-2
-31- 5
-3«i
-29- S
—29.0
-28. 5
-27.6
-27.4
-27.0
- 34- 3958
—27. 0
—41.0
14.0
-36. 89
26
-31.6
-33-7
-336
-35.6
-34.8
-34- 0
—34. 6
-36. 5
-36.6
-35-4
— 29. 0292
— 23. 6"
-37."
'35
-34. 39
27
-24.5
-25.6
-25.4
-25.1
-25. 8
-26.8
-27.1
—26.6
-27-1
-26.8
- 27- 5833
-24.0
—36-0
12.0
-33."
28
-25- 9
—27.8
-31.0
—30.8
-30.7
~3o'^
—30. 6
—30.6
—29.6
—29-9
- 28. 3667
-25-9'
-32.0
6.1
-33. 56
29
-29.1
-29.1
-28.1
-28.3
-27.6
—28.6
-29.4
-29.5
-29. S
—28.6
— 29. 1625
—27.6'
-33-0
5.4
—34.00
30
-39. 9
-386
-39-9
-39-9
-43- I
-43-6
-40. I
-45- 1
-45.0
—44-0
- 37- 1333
—26.0
—46.0
20. c
-38. 39
31
-3S-7SI6
-35- 3387
-35.9806
-35-7516
-35- 6839
-35' 7194
-35- 8581
-36. 2419
-36. 2000
-35-57IO
- 35- 80376
-30. 8s
-41-75
10.93
-37. 67
-37- 39
-37- 78
-37- 67
-37- 61
-37.61
-37- 67
-37-89
-37-89
-37- 56
- 37.66
-34- 9>
-40. 97
6.07
-37.66
• From the obierTWl ho jrljr reading!.
212
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
iif i
i!:ii
FEBRUARY, 1883.
Table LXII.— Temperature of the air, February, 1883.
Wasliington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49>°
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 mete'.s],
V. = + 8l°44' A= — 64'4S' = — 4" ig"
Date.
I n, m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
S a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a.m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
1 p. m.
3 p.m.
,
—39-6
-'U
—40.8
-41. I
—46.6
—42.3
—45- 5 —43 6
-45- I
-45. 0
—44.3
—46.8
-45.0
-45. 3
2
— 46.0
-46.6
—44.9
-44.9
—47.6
—45.1
— 46. 0 — 44. 9
—46. I
—46. 1
-45. 2
-45.2
-45.6
-46. 5
3
-49. 9
—50. 0
—50. 2
-49 3
—49.1
—49.3
—48. 6 —49. 6
—50.1
-50.3
—50. 2
-50.2
-50.2
—49.6
4
-50.0
-46.9
—44- I
-44.0
—43-6
-42.4
— 41. I ' — 42.0
1
-43- «
—44.6
-45.2
-44.6
-45.1
-47.1
S
-46.9
-47.2
-48.1
—45-0
-42.2
—45.0
—44- 7 —46. 3
-45.6
-44.2
—44.1
-42. 1
-43.2
-43-3
6
-40. 4
—40.0
—42.9
—43. 0
-43- I
-42.1
—43-8 —41. 5
-43-3
-45."
-46.6
-43.6
-42.6
—44.2
7
-41.6
—42.6
-38.0
-38.6
—39.0
-39- •
—39- 3 —40- 0
—40.4
— 40. 2
—40. 6
-41. 1
—40. I
-40.3
8
-43' 4
-43- 8
-43-6
—43-4
—40.0
— 40.0
—37- 6 —39- 4
-39. 6
—37-2
- 37- I
-37.5
—38.0
-36. s
9
-37.5
—36.6
-37- «
-36.5
—36.8
-35-7
—35-5 — 35-9
-34-7
-35.5
-34.4
—36.9
-36,8
-35- S
10
-36-7
--36. 6
-37-4
-37'
—37. 4
—37.5
—38.5 —36.0
-35.4
-36.9
-34.8
-35.5
-35-1
-34.9
II
— 375
-37- '
-36- 9
-39-4
— 39t>
-39-5
—39-6 ;— 391
-38.4
-36.1
-39- 0
-36.5
-36.1
-35-8
12
-30.6
-29.0
—29.6
-29- 3
—29.1
—28.6
-27.6
—26.1
—26.4
-24.8
-24.7
-23.8
-23.6
-23. 5
IJ. --
-35"
-35.8
-37- a
-35-9
-35-6
—32-7
—28.6
-25.0
—26.0
—26.1
-27.8
— 29.6
-29.4
-32.6
.4.-
-42.1
-42.1
—44.9
—41.6
—40.9
-41. I
—40.9
—43-'
-38.9
-45.2
'-32. 9'
—41.0
—42. 2
-39.4
1
i >5
37-4
—42.0
-42. 9
-40.3
-36. 8
-40..
—40.4
-38.1
-43- •
—44.6
—41.2
-45.6
-45.1
-45.1
K)
-47. 9
-49.1
—46.6
—49.6
—47.6
-47.1
—46. I
—47.6
-50.9
-49.6
—46.0
— 46. 1
-44.1
-47.9
! 17- —
—46. I
-47.1
-45. 6
-47.1
-47.1
-45'
—46.6
—46-3
-45. 1
-46.9
—46. I
-41.3
—41.6
-43.1
i iS
-42.1
-40. 1
-4S.6
-44.1
—45.6
-41- 3 ,
—43-6
—40.1
-41.1
-41.3
—42.1
—41.6
—41.8
-39- 9
19. ...
-38- 1
-39-3
-38.6
-38.4
-39..
•-36. 2f
-35-6
—34-8
-36.6
-33-8
-31.2
-3>.7
-32. 0
-30. 8
20
-23- 4
-26.8
-25.6
— 24. S
—36.0
—25.1
—22.6
—22.6
-21.6
—20.3
-18.7
-18.5
-18.4
-18.8
21
-.3.6
— 14.0
-13-8
-13.8
—12.4
—12.6
—12.6
—12.6
-12.6
-II. 8
— II. 1
-12.3
-«3.2
-11.7
22
-14. I
— 16. 0'
—16. I
-16.4
—14.2
—13-9
—14.3 -15.8
-16.4
-•5 9
—16.4
-16.1
-16.2
-«5.4
2J
-27.0
-26.6
-28. I
-3'- 4
—29.6
-34.6
—30- 6 —a- 5
—40. 2
-36.6
-40. 5
—41. 1
-36.0
—43.9
24
-44.2
-42.0
-45'
-44-3
-43.2
—42.6
—39-2
—41. 5
-45. 1
—46. 1
-47.5
-46.6
-48.1
-47.3
25
—46.3
—46. I
—46. 1
—44-1
—44.0
—44-7
— 43-<
— 46. 1
—46.0
-50.1
— 46. 6
-48.1
-SI. 6
-51. 1
26
—44-3
-47- 0
-45- I
—44.6
—44- I
-41.0
—39-6
—39-4
-40.3
—39.6
-37.6
-38.1
-38.6
—38.6
27
—52.9
-5I-0
—50.6
-47-3
—47-9
-47.1
-45-3
—42.1
-44. I
-52.1
—52.6
-54.1
-syi
-47.1
23
Means .
-45. 6
-47-3
-48.4
—50.0
-51- 1
-52..
-50.3
—49 6
-52. I
-52.3
-53-4
-52. I
-53- >
-SI. 6
-39- 3 '43
-39. 6786
39.7821
-39- 4750
-39. 2607
-38. 7107
-38.1143
37.9S00
-38. 8679
-39. 2250
-38. 4964
-38. 8250
-38. 7821
-38. 8143
Means in
centi-
grade.
■
—39.61
-39- 83
-39.89
-39- 72
-39. 61
-39. 28
-38. 94
-38.89
-39- 39
-39. 56
-39- >7
-39. 33
—39. 33
-39. 33
•Spirit.
'Merci
iry frozen
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXIMCDITJOIT.
FEBRUARY, 1883.
Table LXIL — Temperature of the air, February, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding ^cf^
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
^ = + 81' 44' ?. = — 64045'== — 4'> 19m
213
3 p.m.
4 p. m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn'l.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
ly means in
ntigrade.
1
«i
1
-44. 9
47- 3
-52.0
-47. J
- 44. 2833
-46.4875
-SO. 5333
-45. 4708
i3
g« ;
2
3
4
I-44.S
-46. 7
-SO. 2
-47-1
-45.6
-46.8
-SOS
-45.8
1
-43-4
-46.9
-SI. 6
—48.0
-44. I
-46.3
-52.2
-45.2
—45.1
—46.2
—46.9
—44.0
-47. 6
-52. I
—46.9
-44.8
-48. 3
-51.6
-47."
-46.4
-49.3
-S«.9
-48.0
-47.3
—49.6
-52.1
-45.2
-35.8
— 44- 9"
- 48. 6»
-4i.i»
- 48. 8
50. 8
-53.4
-52. ..
>30
5-9
4.8
II. 0
-42. 39 i
—43.61 ;
-45- 83
-43. 06
-41.7
-43- «
—39.'
-38.9
—35.9
—40.6
-43-3
-38.1
-37. 1-
-36. 2
-39- 0
—42. I
-38.3
-3S.8
-34.6
-39-3
—43.0
—37.3
-35. 4
-35- '
—39.3
—42.1
-38.3
-36.1
-36.6
-39."
-41. I
-37.2
—36.8
-35-2
-37.3
-41.7
-37. 5
-39. «
—41. I
-41. I
-35-8
-35. 7
—40. I
—42.0
-38.1
-35-6
-34.6
-40.9
-42. I
-43.3
-35. «
-36.6
—42. 6792
-42. 6583
-39- 5333
—38. 3042
-35- 9750
- 37. 3-
- 40. o»
- 37. «»
-34.0
-32.8
-49.0
-47.0
-44.2
—46. 1
— 40. 0
II. 7
70
71
12. 1
7.2
-41.50
-41. 50
-39- 72
-39.06
-37- 78
I
7
8
9
-3,. 6
-36. 5
-23.7
-31- 1
-41. 1
-34. 1
—35.0
—24.4
-33.1
-36. a
-34.7
-36.6
-27.6
-32.6
-38. I
-37.4
-34.7
-27.4
-32.7
-39.6
~3S'
-36.2
-29.1
-34. S
-38.1
-38.1
-34.4
—29.6
-36.1
-35.2
-36. 0
-32. «
—30.4
-35.8
-40.2
-35-6
-3«.i
-37. «
-36. 9
-38.1
-29. 8
-34- (^
"39-4
-36.4
—38.6
— 29.6
-32.6
-35.4
—40.6
-36.2125
-36. 1083
-27.8833
-32. 7375
-39- 9458
-31. f
- 29. 6»
- 23. S»
- 25. 0
- 32. 9"
— 41.0
—41.0
-34.8
-40.9
-45.6
9-4
11.4
II.3
'5-9
12.7
-37. 89
-37. 83
-33. 28
--35-94
-39- 94
10
II
12
«3
'4
-45.2
-45-3
-41. 1
-38.1
-30.4
-44.6
—46. 1
—42.9
—40.0
-31.7
—44.6
-48. 0
-43- «
—40.3
-32. 4
-45.6
-47.4
-45.6
—41.0
-33.'
-47-3
—47.5
-42.9
—40.2
-29. 4
—43.0
—49.0
-42.9
—40.0
-30. 5
-45.1
—48.1
-41. 5
-.37. 3'
-30.7
-47.0
—44. I
— 42.6
-38.1
-28.1
—44.7
—44.0
—40. I
-37- I'
-25.6
— 46.0
—45.0
—41.2
-37. 4'
—25.8
-43. 1583
-47.1125
—44. 1250
—40. 8250
-33.0792
~ 36. 8»
-44.o«
- 40. i«
-36. 5
— 25. 6»
—48.0
—51.0
-48.7
—46. 0
—40.3
II. 2
7.0
8.6
95
14.7
-41. 78
-43- 94
—42. 28
—40. 44
-36. 17
16
17
18
19
-17.4
—12. 1
-.5.8
-43.6
-46.1
-16.7
-12. 5
—14.6
-47.6
-46.6
-16. 5
-12.7
-15.1
—44. I
-45.3
-16. 5
-«2.S
-IS- 7
-44-1
-46.7
-16. 1
-13.6
-15.6
—44.6
-45.1
-15.0
—14.4
—16.6
—42.1
—44.1
—13.6
—18. 1
-48.3
-41.6
—14.7
-12.9
-23.3
-41.2
—46. 1
-14.2
-12.7
-25.2
-42.3
-45.1
-14.0
-'35
-25.2
-45. 1
—44.6
— '9. 5333
-12.8583
— 16. 7667
-38. 4458
-44. 7542
— 14.0
-5.0
- 12.8
— 24.8
- 39. 2»
'-27.7
-14.7
'-2S-4
—49.0
-49.4
1
«3-7
9-7
12.6
24.2
10.2
-28.61
-24 94
-27.11
-39 n
-42. 67
20
21
22
23
24
-47.6
-39-6
—49.6
-54-1
—49.6
— 40. 1
-52.7
-55-1
—46. 1
— 42. 6
-S3. 3
-54. 1
-43.1
-41 -.5
-5«.4
-53-1
—49.0
—46. 1
-56.3
-53-1
—46. 1
-46.3
-52.1
-52.6
-43.3
-46.1
-53.2
-52.3
-45-4
-48.6
—49.9
-50. I
-47.6
-50.3
-51.6
-49.1
—44. 1
—45-9
-48.1
—46. 3
-46. 4958
—42. 7000
—50. 2292
-51.2042
— 43- ••
— 36. 2»
— 42. !•
-45.6»
-St. 7
-50.0*
-56.5
-55-7
8.6
1J.8
^4•■^
10. I
-43-61
—41- SO
-45. 67
-46.22
27
28
38.4714
-38. 8429
-38.8393
-38.8143
-39. 3393
-38. 8607
-38. 9214
-38. 9474
-39. 0679
-38.9714-38.9321
-33.57
-44.6c
11.03
-39- '7
-39- 33
-39- 33
-39. 33
—39. 61
-39. 39
-39- 39
-39. 39
-39. 50
-39.44 —39.41
—36. 44
-42. 55
6.12
—39.41
i
• From the
observed i
lourly read
ings.
-Me
rcurial.
'W
ercurv froze
1.
i
hi
: :l
;!
/, '
) !
III
I
214
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
MARCH, 1883.
Table LXIII. — Temperature of the air, March^ 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49™
Thermometer atove the groun<l, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
(J = -f8i<'44' A = - 64° 45' ^ — 4>' iQ-n
Date.
I a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. vti.
II a. m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
1
—46.4
-4"; 0
-48.0
—46.9
— 46. I
-47.6
-47.2
-47.0
-48.3
-47- S
-4S-«
-46. 3
- 43- 0
—42.4
a
-37-9
-42.4
-42.3
-39- 1
- 37.4
-36.1
-34-8
-3S-2
-3S-4
-3S-S
—34-4
—32. 6
- 30- 9
—30.6
3-—
-36.1
-36- 9
-36.8
-36.0
— .10- I
-34-4
—36.6
-34-9
-39- 0
-39- >
-39-7
—41.0
- 36.4
-39-2
4.—
-35-7
-35. 4
-35- «
-34-3
- 33-9
-34. 6
-34-9
-35-3
-33-8
-317
—30.6
-3«->
- 3«-4
-ii-S
S— -
-38.1
-38.6
-37- I
-35-8
- 37-4
—40. I
-33-6
-29.2
-36.0
-29. 1
-28.6
-34-6
- 3S-2
-40.9
6....
—40. 1
-43-6
—44.6
-42.9
-38.1
-38. s
-36.4
-39-6
-35-3
-34-5
-3«-4
-33- 0
— 30.6
-29.7
7.—
— 8.8
-IS. 6
-12.6
—II. I
— 21. 2
-18. 5
—28.8
-25.8
-26. 5
—24.8
-27.9
-26.5
— 26. 1
-23.6
8....
—16.8
-16.6
~'5Z
-•S3
- 13.6
-8-5
3-3
2.4
2.9
1-3
0.8
— 2. 1
-3-4
-3-4
9----
—12. 1
-12. s
-12.8
-«3«
— 14.8
-17.9
—24.0
— 19.0
-25.6
-24.5
-19.6
-27.4
- 27.1
—28.6
10
-31.6
-31- >
-3'-4
-30.8
-33-6
-32.6
-35-4
-31-8
-3«-4
-34- S
—29.6
-26. 5
- 3".6
-33-1
II
-36.6
-36.3
-35-6
-33-8
- 34.8
-3S.2
-33-6
-35- 0
-33-3
-34. 6
-3«-9
- 32. 9
- 31- «
-3«-2
12
—21.6
—22. 1
—21. 1
—20.2
- 17. «
-17.9
-19.6
—20.2
— 19.8
—19.8
— 19.8
-17-3
- «S-5
—16.2
13---
—21.6
-23.6
—21.0
-22.6
- 22.6
—22. 6
—24.4
-2S-»
-25.6
-25- 1
—26.8
-26.1
- 27.4
—26.6
14
-23.6
—20. 6
-19.7
-19. 1
— 18.8
-18.2
— >7-7
-17.4
-16.8
-IS- 9
-16.6
-'SS
- «S-i
—14.4
iS-.--
12.4
12. I
7S
12. 2
6.9
8-3
7-4
5S
7.0
6.2
3-6
1.8
-0.7
2.6
16....
— 14. 6
— 14.6
—16.0
—16.6
— 16.0
— 18.9
-18.3
-19-3
-17. I
-16.6
-17. 1
-14.2
- 14.2
—14.1
17..-.
—19. 1
— 18.9
-17.9
-20. s
— 19. 1
—21.2
—19.0
-18.3
-16.3
-IS- 4
—II. I
-11.8
- 8.7
—10. 1
18....
—16.2
-17.4
-14.4
-17.9
- 17.0
-17.0
—17.0
-15.9
-17.6
— II. 6
-II. 7
-12.6
— 12. 1
-12.6
19.—
-'S-3
-13- 4
-17.0
-14.9
- 14- 3
->34
— 10. 2
— 8.1
- S-4
-3-7
-4.6
o.s
— I.O
— 2.6
20
— 4.9
-7.0
-7.9
-7.2
— 10. 4
-6.9
— 10. 6
— 10. 2
- 3-6
- 3-4
-4-4
— 6.8
- 4.0
~ s-5
21
-15. 1
-14. I
-17.6
— 14. 6
- .5.6
-16. 1
— "7-3
-'3-3
-IS- 6
-14.6
— 6.6
-13-6
- 12.6
— 6.8
22
-10. 5
-10. s
-9.8
-8.8
— 9.9
- 9S
-9.4
- 9.1
-9.6
-7-9
- 7-4
- 7.S
- 8.3
- 8.4
23—-
— 9.4
-9.9
—12.6
-10.6
— 12. I
-13-8
-13 I
—12.6
— 12.6
—12. 1
—II. I
- 3-S
- 2S
- 2-S
24
-13- 6
-IS. 6
-16.3
-20.4
— 22. I
-22. 6
—24-3
-23- S
—21.6
-23. 9
-17.4
—21. 9
— 21.0
—20. 9
25
—16.6
-16.6
—14.9
-iS-6
- 15.8
— 14.6
-15.6
-16.8
-17. I
-14- S
-12.9
—12. 1
- 12.8
-II. s
26
— 10. I
-9.6
-7.8
-4.4
-3-9
- 1.8
— 1.2
— 1.2
-0.6
— 1.2
- S-i
- 7.6
-7-3
— 6.1
27....
- 3-8
-3.6
-4.8
- S'l
— 4-7
— 2.4
-3-6
-2.6
-S-4
— 6.1
-7-3
- 6.1
-6.6
-7.6
28
-4.6
- 4.1
— 4.4
-4.2
— S-3
-S-3
-4.4
-2.6
- 1.4
- 3-«
— 2.4
-1-3
- 0-3
— 0.6
29....
- 3-3
-3.9
— 4.0
- 3-7
— 3-6
-2.9
— 3-2
— 2.4
- 2.5
— I. 1
-3-4
-3-4
- 3.S
- 3-5
30....
-4-6
-4.4
— 4.4
- 4-5
— .•« i
-34
-2.4
-3.6
— 6.6
-4.2
- 3«
- S.3
- S.6
- 5.9
3« ---.
Means.
-17.9
-15.6
-21.4
-22.4
- ;9-6
-18.6
—22. I
—20.0
-13-6
-17.0
-IS- 1
- 0.9
— 10.2
— 12. 1
-18. 5226
-18.9774
-18.9516
-18. 7161
-19.0935
-18.8000
-18. 9677
-18. 2935
-18. 1774
-17.5968
-16.3968
-16. 4265
-16.3742
-17- 1387
Means
in cen-
tigrade
—28.06
-28. 33
-28. 33
—28. 17
-28.39
—28. 22
-28. 33
-27. 94
-27.89
-27. 56
—26. 89
—26. 90
~26. 87
—27. 28
THE LADY FKANlvMX HAY KXl'KDITiaN.
215
-48.4
-30.6
-39- a
—33-5
—40.9
—29.7
—23.6
- 3-4
-28.6
-33- >
-3«*
- 16. 2
—26.6
14.4
2.6
14.1
—10. 1
- 12.6
2.6
S-*
6.8
- 8.4
20.9
II. 5
6.1
7.6
0.6
- 3-S
- 5-9
- 12. 1
-17- «387
-27. 28
3 P- •".
-42.9
30.0
367
34- «
41.1
-27.4
-23
- 3
-28
33
30
'5-4
27.2
14. s
"■7
— 14.6
-II. 6
-10. o
- 3-8
6.1
10.8
8.4
2.S
18.4
10. 6
S-i
6.7
1.8
- I, I
-6.S
13- o
MARCH, 1883.
Tabi.k LXIII. — Temperature of the air, March, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49°'
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
0 = + 8i»44'
T""" -r
4 p. ni. i 5 p. m.
-42. I i 41.0
29. 6
-389
33-2
-39.2
-23- 9
-23.9
~ 34
-24. 7
32.2
-3'-3
-•7-
~2S.
-14.
- 2.
->5.
- 93
-II. 8
-3-6
-9.4
-II. 6
- 7.«
-2.7
-19.7
-US
- a-S
- 7-3
2.4
1.6
- 6.1
14.2
30.2
- 40. 1
32.8
35.8
-23.6
23.6
5.8
30. 6
33.9
28.1
18.2
22. 2
16. 2
I. I
•75
- 10. 2
'5-2
2.6
II. 8
•39
8.6
39
21.0
- 12. 2
16
6-7
- 2.3
- 1.6
- 9.0
16.6
() p. ni. I 7 p. m.
I
40, 4 j — 41. I
31.2
38. I
34-8
39'
-21.4
26.0
29. 8
33- o
-2S.5
-21.4
22.5
14. fi
2. 5
-18.6
-II.
'3-
' 7-
«3
-«S-
-8.2
-4-3
-21: 9
12. 9
-4-2
-8.S
- 2. I
- 1.3
- 10. 9
14.7
-16.3806
-26.88
-31.6
— 34. 4
-35-4
-44. I
- 20. 7
-25.1
- 7-7
-33-5
35-4
—25 i
—18.4
—22.4
-15.7
5-6
—18.9
—14.6
-11.6
- 4.2
-14.6
—II. 2
- 6.1
- 4-4
—21. I
-12-3
- 7-8
- 9.9
-2.3
- 2. I
-II. 9
- 16. 9
-16. 7000-17. 3709'-i7. 8871I-18. 2613
—27. 06
27.44
27.72
-27.94
8 p. m.
-42.3
31.3
-30. 6
-35-6
42. 6
— 20. 2
—22. 6
— 8. 7
-32. 7
3>9
-18.7
—23. I
— 14- 1
-4.9
-18.3
— 16. 7
-14. S
— 8.2
-IS I
— 14.6
— 7-6
— 6.6
—19.6
-12.6
- 7.0
-8.4
— 2. 2
-38
"•3-9
— >5-3
■18.5129
-28 06
9 p. ni.
-39-«
-31-4
-350
-36.8
-41. 6
-19. I
- 19. 2
-9.6
—32.6
23- 9
22.3
23- 4
1.4
- S-7
19. 2
«Si
14.1
- 9S
-134
-138
-7-6
7.6
19.0
-12.5
-4.6
- 7-4
- 2.8
4 7
1 2. o
-22. I
64° 45'= 4I' ly"'
•17.9806
-27. 78
I
lop.m. ! II p.m. : Midii'l. I ' ■ , Ma.\. Min. Uaniii' , s &
' ' nieaiKs. i S.'*
I a"
-39. •'
P- 4
-40. 2
14.9
18.6
10.0
33-7
J2.2
22. 1
-19.9
-24.3
8.4
-8.8
-20. 7
-13.6
-11.6
- 2.6
-16.6
-15.1
- 6.4
-8.8
-17.1
-11.7
- 55
- 6.3
-2.9
- 4.0
15.4
21.6
'T
44 0000 -37. 6«
-17.4484
-27.44
19.2
18.4
1 1. 5
11.4
-32s
3V«
- 35. 2
31-6
-22.2
19.9
-20.6
-24.5
23.1
—24. 3
7-4
16.6
-II. 7
-13-8
-16. S
-:9. 1
-1"?. I
-17.6
-10.4
■ 5.6
- 6.0
II. 5
-12.6
-15.4
->3i
-12.6
-7-3
- 8.8
-9-6
-9-6
17.1
17.6
12.4
— 12.0
- 4-5
- 3-8
S-9
- S'S
- 2.9
- 2.8
- 4-5
- 4-3
12.9
.6.3
21.2
25-3
I7.4774
-18.2871
-27. 50
27.94
3s- looo
37- '583
.54- 5458
37-4333
2y. 8208
21.5625
6. 7500
-24. 61O7
32.4958
30-3625
H). 3792
24. 1 1 25
12. 7166
1. 5792
-16-9375
15.2125
14. 1208
- 7.6167
- 9. 2000
13-SS42
8.4458
8.2669
19. 9000
-13.6708
4.7708
5.9292
2.8542
3-0583
- 7-3667
-16.9750
—29. 6"
-32.0
30. 6"
22.4
■ 9-3
- 4.1
9-9
-10.5 I
-26. 5"
-19.9
12.5
-18.4
20.0
17.2
— 6.0
4-2
- 9.0
3-0
0.0
6. 6»
- 3-5
2.0
-10.0
- 7-3
1.9
- >-3
3 3
3-2
0.5
0.9"
17.9170
27- 73
-49.1
-42.5
43.0
- 4». 7
45.0
-46. 7
-28.8"
17.6
35- o
36.8
- 37. 5
24-5"!
28.8 1
-■■24.0
13.8"
-21. 2
21.9
-19.6
1 9. 6
16. 6»
19. 1
-•3-2
15. I
25.4
18.4
-12.9
-10.3
- 6.5
5-4
17.6
27. I
II. 5 -42.22
7-9'
•22. M
-25. 28
12.9
II. o
10. I
22. 6
37-4
24.7
27-5
24-5
10.3
17.6
12.0
10.4
44.0
31.0
'5-2
'7-7
10.6
22. 6
1 6. 6
'2-5
9-7
'3-'
'5-4
11. I
14.8
9.0
9-8
8.6
18. I
26. 2
'7-37
36.83
38. 39
36. 94
ii. 56
34-33
29. 78
21.56
3'-44
35-83
- 34- 67
28.56
31.17
24. 83
16.89
-27.17
26. 22
25.61
22. 00
- 22.89
-25.33
22. 44
22. 39
- 28. 83
25.39
• 20. 44
-21.06
'9- 39
19.50
2 1 . 89
27. 22
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
'3
'4
'5
16
'7
18
'9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32.15 9.65-27.73
' From tlie observed hourly readioct.
V-'m
216
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION
<
i-
APRIL, 1883.
Table LXIV .— T<m/>tr<t/ure of the air, April, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"
Thermometer almve the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters],
^ = + 81° 44' A= -64''45'^ — 4h 19'n
Date.
I a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
I — .
-20. 8
-2-'. 1
-25 3
—26. 2
—28.9
27.2
-25. 7
-27.6
-21.6
— 19.6
-18.2
— 19.0
—19.0
-17.8
2
-29- 3
-?'.. 2
28.4
-26.9
—27.6
27.9
-25.9
-25.2
-24.8
-24.6
-18.6
—20.8
-18.8
—20.6
3 --
- 29. 6
29. 9
32.0
-35. 6
-31.0
ii-^
—29.9
-30.0
25.0
-23«
-22.8
—24.6
-22.6
-24. 5
4 -
26.0
26. 0
-24.7
-24.4
-23.8
21.9
—31. 2
-18.4
-16. s
-IS-4
-16.8
-17.0
-17.6
-17-4
s -..
-Ij.O
-12. 1
—12.0
-«<s
-10.3
- 97
-8.6
- 7-6
- 7.0
-6.9
-6.S
-S-6
-7.0
- 7-5
1
6--
-14.9
—20. I
-23.0
-22.0
-19. s
-12.9
-15.8
-17.4
-II. 9
-14.4
-13.6
-17.6
-16.4
-12.6
7 —
-21.4
24.0
17.0
-•55
-18.9
--17.8
— 18.6
—14.8
12.4
— II. I
—10. 1
— II. 1
- 9S
-9.2
8-.
8.0
8.3
8.6
-9-7
— 10. 0
-9.9
— 10.9
— 10. 6
—10.4
- 8.6
— 10.6
-8.9
-6.6
- 9-4
9--
-20.5
21.7
-18.9
-19. I
-20.8
-23.8
-22.9
-18. I
-19.4
-17.9
-15.8
-17.2
-18.3
-16. I
10--
-30-7
^26.6
-27-3
25. 8
-27. s
-25. 4
-26.4
-24.3
—21.2
— 20. 9
-19. s
-19.7
-17.8
-IS-4
11
-28. 0
-29.9
-3r 3
-3->
—26.9
-22. 6
-19.7
—20. 6
-17.6
—20.8
^16.6
-17.6
-17.4
-14.8
12--
-26.4
-2S-3
23. 1
-25.8
-18.7
-18.8
-17.9
-18. s
-16.4
-16.6
-13.2
-12.7
— 14.2
— 14.2
13 -
-23.4
-25.7
27.3
-25.9
—23. 1
—22. I
—20. 6
-22. 5
— 22. 2
-17.2
-16. s
— 18.4
-15.4
-«4-3
14 -
23.6
-22.4
-234
-24.7
-26. 1
-24. 6
-23- 1
-19.1
— 16.9
-16. s
-15.6
-16. I
-14.4
-•7-3
15 —
-25.4
-24. 0
-25..
—23.0
—22. 1
—23.2
—19.8
-19.7
-17.9
-18.6
-17.1
— 14.8
-15.6
-12.9
16 —
-23.4
-23- 3
-20.8
-23.5
-24- 3
-25.1
-21.7
-•9-3
-22.9
-|8S
-IS. 8
-16.7
—16.0
-15.1
17 --
-20.4
23.9
-«9-3
-23- 7
-21.4
-19.1
->7.7
-14.9
-•5-7
-II. s
-14.2
-14. I
— 10. 1
18.-.
20.3
-26.6
20. 8
-23.4
-24.3
-24.4
-18.6
—16.9
-136
—16. 5-
-«7.3
— 1^.6
— 12.4
-12.9
19--
II. 0
-10.7
10. 4
— 10. 1
- 95
— 0.8
-8.6
- 95
-9.9
- 7-6
-4.9
-4.9
-5-6
-8.7
20
-21.6
-23.6
—20. I
-23.6
—19.8
-21.8
-l6.8
-•7-S
-17.0
-15.2
-14. 1
-136
— 12. 2
-«4.S
21
-25-7
-24. 2
-25.2
-23.8
-20.4
-23.6
—22.4
-19.4
—20.6
—14.2
-■3-9
- 9.1
-3-9
— 8.6
22 ..
15.1
-13-4
-11.4
— 14. 3
-II. 7
-"•3
-8.7
-6.7
- 7.0
- S-7
— 4.4
-6.6
0. 2
-3-6
23--
iS-4
19.9
-12.6
— 15. 8
-11.6
- 12. I
-II. 8
—10.4
-II. 6
-9.2
-3-9
-4.8
-3-8
-4.S
24.-.
17.2
-16.7
-17. 1
-15s
- 137
-«3-5
-10.4
-9.4
-6.6
- S-i
— 1.8
— 2.0
— 2.6
-0.3
25 —
-16.6
-15.4
-•3 '
-13.8
-12.6
-8.3
-7-9
-6.6
- 8.4
- 3-S
-3-4
-3-2
-0.8
-0.6
26--
-12.7
-15.4
-13- 5
— 12.9
-17.4
—10. I
-12.5
— 9.4
— 0.2
- 7-8
-5-3
-3-4
-S.8
- 6.1
27--
— 10. I
- 8.7
- 9.5
-7.0
-7.2
-6.4
-4-4
-2.8
— i.S
- '-3
— 0.4
2.8
2-7
2.6
28 . -
-50
- 4-1
- 3'
— 2.9
- 31
- 2.5
- 2.5
• 4
2. 2
2. 2
1-7
1.2
2.9
3-6
29--
- 6.1
- S-2
— 3«
- 2.7
- 1.4
0. 1
1. 2
2.4
3-4
4-5
6.6
3-3
4.4
2. 1
30 —
Means.
-13.6
-11.6
-11.6
—10. 4
-66
-8.7
-2.9
- 3-5
-4.6
— 1-7
1. 1
1.4
0-5
2.6
-19- ^^ii
-19.8333
-18. 6900
-19-05.^3
-If 0067
-17.2500
-15-7567
-•4. 5633
-13- 3833
--12. 1800
-10. 5267
-10. 7833
- 9.9033
-r 9- 9367
Means
in centi-
grade .
—28.44
-28.78
-28.72
-28. .19
-27. 78
-27. <3
-26. 56
-25. %
-25. 2.-
.4.56
-23. 61
-23- 78
-23.28
-23- 30
111;
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
217
I p. m.
3 p. m.
19.0
-17.8
18.8
—20.6
22.6
-24. S
17.6
-17.4
7.0
- 7-5
16.4
-12.6
9.5
-9.2
6.6
- 9.4
18.3
16. 1
17.8
-15.4
17.4
-14.8
APRIL, 1883.
Tablk V.WS .— Tempenitme of the air, April, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce tu local mean time by ailding 49''>
'i'liermumeler above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
*^^ + 8l''44' A 64''45' - 4i>i9»"
ap-m-
4 p. ni.
Sp.m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
top. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
4>
—26. 6
r
a:
1
-16.8
—22.0
— 18. I
-25.8
-23.7
-24. 4
-24.8
-24.6
-25. 7
- 23. 062
-130
-29.7
16.7
— 30. 61
1
—19.6
—20. 6
24. 4
26. 6
-26.6
28.0
28. I
-32.8
-33. 7
-30. >
- 25. 796
- 18. 6.
-34.0
•S.4
32. 1 1
2
-25.8
21.9
28. 2
29. 6
3'. 2
29.3
-29. 9
-29.6
-26. I
-23.6
27.871
-21.9.
-37.3
"5-4
33.28
3
-17.8
-17.6
-18.6
-17.4
-17.8
- 18. I
-17.6
■56
"•5-4
-14.7
19.071
- 14. 7»
- 27. 9
'3 2
- 28. 39
4
-6.S
-9.8
-«9-3
-10.9
— 10.8
-12.8
- '1. I
-17.2
-19.2
-18.4
- 10. 554
- 5.6'
— 19.8
'4.2
- 23. 67
5
—13.6
— 14.6
-18.6
-17.4
-18.8
—20. I
-17.8
-23.6
—19.6
-24.8
- 17. 542
-II. 9»
_ -yA B«
T?. 9
27. 50
6
—10. i
-10. 5
— 9.9
-10. 1
9.8
- 9.6
9.2
-8.5
-8.6
-8.6
-12.767
a.S»
-24.5
16.0
24. 89
7
-8.8
-12.6
-13.8
-12.7
»5 5
17. I
-iO. 0
— 18. 8
-23. 4
-18.2
- 12. 167
- 6.6»
-23.4*
16.8
24.56, 8
-16.8
16.6
-18. s
16.3
21. I
25 I
-25.6
27.5
-28.1
-29.8
— 20. 662
-I5.8*
-3o-<
'43
29. 28 1 9
-18. S
—20.6
-«7.7
-19.6
-24. 6
-23.1
- 26. 4
-32.8
-27.4
-29*4
- 23. 692
-15.4*
-32.8
'74
- 30. 94
.0
—14.2
-17.3
-^1>%
-17.4
-19.8
-24.1
—21.0
—22.2
— 26.9
-23.1
-21.629
-14.2«
-33.8
19.6
- 29. 78
II
-'4-3
-15.4
-15.6
-15.8
— 18.6
19.4
-20. I
-23.2
—24.1
-24.5
- 18. 867
-12.7.
- 28. 1
'5 4
28. 28
12
-14.9
-16.0
-17. 1
18.9
18. 5
21.6
21.7
-24.1
-21.7
-24.1
- 20. 550
- 14. 3«
- 28. 2
13.9
29. 22
13
-17.6
-18.8
-18. 1
'7.5
19. 1
—20.9
-21.0
-24.1
-16. I
—26. 9
- 20. 579
14. 4*
- 27. I
12.7
' 29. 22
'4
-IS.6
-15.9
—12.6
-19.4
-19. I
-)'8.8
— 19.6
—21.0
—22.9
—24.6
-«9S29
— 12.6*
-27.0
14.4
-28.61
'S
-14.0
-13.6
-14.7
— 18.8
-17.9
—20.6
-17-7
— 18. I
— 20.0
-18.6
- 19. 183
-I3.6'
-26.8
'3.2
-28.44
16
-14.1
-13.6
-15.8
^16.1
-17. 1
-17.6
-26.1
-25.1
-24.0
- 20. 9
-17.917
— 10. i»
-25.2
'5 '
27.72
'7
-9.9
~ll.9
-«3.2
-12.6
-13.8
-12.8
-136
— 12. I
— II. 6
— II. I
-15.967
- 9.9»
-27.3
'74
- 26. 67
18
- S-'
-7.6
-8.8
- 9.0
-10.5
— 12.8
-17. S
—20.0
-21.5
-17.6
— 10. 483
- 4.9*
— 2I.5»
16.6
-23.61
'9
—12.0
-«3. S
-13.6
-12.4
- 8.1
-8.8
- 9.5
-19.9
--S4. 7
-26.4
— 16. 679
— 8.1*
— 26.4
18.3
— 27.06
20
—10.6
—II. 5
-n.7
-10. 5
— 10. 0
-II. 7
-II. 8
—12.6
—14.6
-13.8
-•S.S75
- 3.9*
-28.8
24.9
-26.44
21
-6.6
-6.3
- 4-9
-S.6
-7.4
- 8.1
-8.6
-II. 7
—15.0
-13.0
- 8.621
0. 2»
-15.8
16.0
— 22. 56
22
-6.3
— 7.0
-7.0
— 7.4
- 6.6
-93
- 9.1
-13."
— 13. 5
-15.0
— 10.071
- 3.8«
-19.9*
16. I
- 23. 39
23
— I.O
— 2. 1
-3.6
4.6
- 4.6
-8.9
-5-6
-II. 9
— 8. 1
- 12. I
- 8. 100
- o.3«
-i8.8
18.5
-^2.28
24
— 2.2
- 3-'
- 3-5
- 4.1
- 3.6
- 7-«
— 10.4
-8.8
-15.4
-12.9
- 7.729
- o.6»
-17.9
'73
— 22.06
25
-4.9
- 6.1
- li
- 7.8
— 6.6
-6.9
-6.4
-7.6
- 8.7
— lO.O
— 8.708
- 34'
-'74
14.0
— 22.61
26
3.7
IS
0.0
— 2.0
-4.0
-4.8
- 5- 1
- S-S
-6.4
-5-3
- 3.308
3.7*
— 10.8
14.5
— 19.61
27
3-4
1.0
>.s
- '-4
- s.o
- 1.4
— 2.0
— 2. I
-5.4
-8.5
- I. 162
3.6«
-8.8
12.4
-18.44
28
2.4
2.7
0.5
-1.6
— 4.4
- s.o
- 5.0
-5-4
-11.5
- 9.4
- 1.133
6.6>
-12.5
t9.l
-18.39
29
1.4
I.I
- '-g
— 0. I
— 1.2
-5.3
- 5-6
- 7-5
— 6.0
-8.9
- 4.317
2.6»
— 14.4
17.0
— ao. 17
30
-10. 2269
-11.3467
-11.9400
-12.9800
-13. 8600
-15.1167
-«S. 6633
-I7-63.W
-18. 4733
-18. 3333
-14. 7764
— 8.07
- 24. 03
15.96
-23. 44
-24.06
-*4. 39
-25.00
-25. so
-26. 17
-26. 50
-27. 56
-28.06
-27.94
—25-99
— 22. 26
-3J.«3
8.87
- 25. 99
• From the obierved hourly readings.
ii
] a-
m
;'f :■>
II
.1^1
i
218
THE LADV FKANKLIN KAY EXPEDITION.
MAY, 1883.
TABt.K. \.W.— Tempfratun- of the air. May, 1883.
Wasliincliiii menu limi'. Reduce to local mean time by adding ^\f^
'riiermoiiietcr alxive tlie (;round, 5 feet [1.52 meten],
^= f 81° 44' A - — 64' 4S'=— 4>' 19'"
Date.
I .1. ni.
2 a. ni.
.? a. in.
4 a. ni.
5 a. m.
1
<) a. in.
7 a. ni.
S a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. nv.
1 1 n. m.
Noon.
I )). ni.
2 )>. m.
I
-II. 9
-9.8
— 10. 4
-7-9
-8.4
- 7.8
- 7.6
- 2.0
-..,
-0.6
0.7
1.8
0.0
2.3
a
-S.8
-4.8
-6.4
— 4.1
- 1.8
— 2. I
— 2.6
0-3
2.4
0.4
3«
2.6
3-2
1.9
3 --
— 9.9
10.4
— 8 I
-8.0
-7.6
^ 6.6
— 2.6
- 4.0
- S«
2.4
— I. I
- 0.6
0.6
- 0.6
4— -
-10.3
— 10. 9
-II. 5
- 95
- 8.8
-8.9
- 5-6
- 93
4.1
-2.7
— 0. 1
- 1.4
0.6
0.5
5 —
— 10. I
-- 8.9
- 9>
- 9-7
- 7.7
- 55
- 3-9
3. '
-0.6
0. I
4.4
3- 3
6.4
39 1
6 ....
- 3-8
4.6
-• 6.6
- 75
-3-8
- 35
2.6
0. 1
3.3
31
4.4
5.6
59
7.5 i
1 ....
- '3
- 1.8
— 1.0
— I. 2
'•9
5-3
8. I
5.0
52
8.4
12.2
12.0
12.4
12. 1
% ....
I.O
0.5
1.0
"■7
o.S
••7
4.6
5.8
74
77
8.6
11.2
12.4
10.7
9 ....
75
6.4
8.1
6.1
44
10. 1
7-4
8.4
II. 0
IJ.6
15. 1
15.8
15.0
16.4
10
7.4
7.6
6.4
8.4
8.9
7.3
10.4
13. 2
12. (.
no
'3-9
16.6
17.0
17- I
II
8.6
9. J
II. 7
14.2
14.6
•5.7
17.2
18.0
'9-7
21.4
20.2
22.6
23.0
23-4
12
9.4
9.6
7-2
9-9
1'3
13-2
«4.5
16. I
«7-4
16.6
18.4
20.3
20.1
20. 7
13 ----
19.4
19.9
21.4
22.7
23.6
24.4
27- 4
28.2
26.2
26.7
27-5
25.8
26.3
27- 4 1
14 ----
25.6
25- 6
24.4
25.9
26.8
25.6
24.6
25.1
25.2
24.4
24.4
24.2
23- 9
23.8 !
IS - -
II. 2
II. 4
12.6
12.5
12. 5
«3-4
«3-9
«4.5
14.9
14.2
'5-7
14.8
14.0
14.6
16 ....
13-3
136
>3-7
14. 1
14.4
>S-4
16.2
«7-4
18.6
19.2
20.6
>9S
20.0
20.6 '
17 ----
11.0
9-9
8.6
59
8.1
8.9
10.5
9-9
•3-9
14.7
14.0
17.6
15.0
'5-7
18 ....
55
5-9
7.0
8.7
6.9
8.5
'4-3
n->,
12.2
18. 1
17.6
18. I
•9-3
19. 5
19 ....
8.9
9.2
10.4
10.9
II. 6
15.9
13- 9
16.0
18.0
'54
18.3
20. 2
20.8
19.6 1
20
18.0
18.6
17.4
19- 5
19.6
'9-5
2«-3
20.9
25.2
24.9
24.9
25.5
24.4
25.2 !
21
17-9
18.6
18.7
20. 5
20.9
22. 7
26.2
26.4
27..
27.2
30.8
29.6
27.6
28.4
22
25.7
23- 4
25-4
23- 4
27-3
27. 5
27.9
28.2
30.2
30.3
29- 3
31.8
29.9
32.3 !
23 - ..
18.9
17.4
18.6
•S-4
21.7
20.6
21.5
.25.7
26. 2
24.3
26.4
26.3
26.4
27.7
24 — .
25.2
25.2
26.2
25.2
25- 4
25-7
27.4
27.7
27-7
28.9
28.4
29.1
27.6
28.8 :
25 ....
2?S
23- 9
23. 9
21.6
22.4
22.4
24-5
24.8
27-5
25.9
26.5
26.1
23-9
24.4
26 ....
22.6
19.7
19.9
21.0
20.9
21.9
23.0
22.5
21.8
23- 4
22.6
23.2
22. 7
23.0
27 ....
19. I
19.9
20.9
20. 6
21.0
21.2
21.6
20. 6
22.5
23- 4
23. 4
24.0
24- 5
24.0
28 ....
24.2
24.4
21.9
20. 9
21.7
20.7
20.4
20. 5
22.4
23.2
22.4
25-3
22.2
21-3
?9 ---
16.4
«7-7
152
17-7
14.6
17.8
18. 1
19.2
21. 2
21.9
21 5
20. 1
22.8
23- 9
30----
22.6
22. 1
22.7
22.5
22.4
23 '
23- 9
24.4
25- 4
25.6
26.2
26.2
26.5
26.5
31 - —
Means.
24.8
24.0
21.9
22.4
23. 5
27.2
30'4
27.9
26.4
26. 5
27.4
26. 5
26.8
26.4
10. 7935
10. 6935
10.6968
11.0903
11.8968
12.9452
«4-3323
14. 893s
16.0968
16.6065
17.6677
18. 1806
18. 1419
18.3516
Means
in centi-
grade..
-11.78
-11. 82
—11.83
-11. 61
-II. 17
—16.61
-9- 83
-9.50
-8.83
-8.56
-7.94
-7.67
-7.72
-7.58
-^L
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
219
MAY, 1883.
Tabi.E LXV. — Tempfraturf 0/ the itir, Afiiy, 1883,
WashiiiKtcm mean time. Reduce lo local mean lime liy adding 49''
Thermometer above the |>r(mnd, 5 leet [1.52 meters],
^ = 4- 81° 44' A ^ -64° 45'= -4" •<>"'
3 P- '"•
4 |.. 111.
S |>. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. 111.
1 1 p. ni.
.Mi.ln't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Kanj;i-,
1
Daily means in
1 centigrade.
1
J
3-'
3-4
2.9
3.6
- a- 4
I.I
0.3
— 1.2
- a.4
- 4.0
— 3.J88
3...
I
-13. 0|
16.4
— 19.22
I
2. 2
— 0.2
— 0.3
0.7
— 3.8
- 3«
- 4.0
-7.6
-6.8
-8.6
— 1.843
i*'
- 9. 0 1
13.3
- 18.78
3
- 1.8
- 3.6
- 2.9
— 4-3
- 56
- 8.1
-15
- 7.6
-13.6
-8.7
-S.3M
o.6«
12.7 1
Ui
20 78
3
0. 2
- a. 9
— 0.4
— '-5
- 2.4
-5-8
6.9
-9-7
—II. 7
- 5 371
o.6»
13.3
13.8
20.76
4
4»
3.0
"■7
3-3
— 0.6
- '4
- 1.6
- 4-4
-4.8
- 6.6
2.033
6.4»
-13.7
19. I
- 18.89 5
5-6
4-4
6.1
3-4
6.6
8.2
- 0.6
0.5
1-4
-3.3
1. 0)8
7-5»
- 8.8
16.3
- 17.00
6
15.6
12.8
II. 7
II. I
79
73
7-7
3-7
'•9
6. 88 J
15.6.
- 4-5
20. 1
- >3-94
7
«34
II. 9
10.0
'OS
10. s
9.1
9-4
9.8
8.2
8.4
7.292
13.4*
- 0. 5«
«3-9
- '3-72
8
14.3
15.6
16.7
17.0
IS.6
13.7
«3-9
7-4
7.6
8.7
11 . 462
17.0*
4- I
13.9
- "39
9
17.6
16. 5
18.0
16,6
«3-4
«3a
13-4
II. 6
II. 0
9.8
12.454
18. o»
6.4
II. 6
— 10.83
10
23' 4
19.4
17. 1
16.2
16.4
14. 1
10.9
«.9
8.4
10.3
16.021
23-4'
8.3
15. 1
- 8.89
II
20.6
21.9
18.4
31. 0
16.7
«74
•47
13.4
14.4
•75
15.821
31.9'
7-2'
14.7
— 9.00
13
27.6
36.3
27- 3
37.6
26.7
36.9
36.4
36.1
25.7
35.4
35.538
21.788
28.2"
10.8
II. 4
- 3- 61
«3
23.8
23 S
31.6
19.7
■75
16. 1
14. S
130
II. 9
II. 8
26. 8»
11.0
15.8
- 5- 67
'4
14.7
14.9
14.6
14.8
14.9
14.6
14.9
14.6
14.5
14.4
14.079
«S-7»
10.6
5-'
- 9-94
"5
20.2
20.6
19. 1
18.0
16. s
18. 1
'3S
10. 5
II. 9
9.9
16. 454
20. 6»
9-9*
10.7
- 8.61
16
14.6
>4-7
16.4
'7-3
14.4
II. 6
13. I
•2.3
S3
71
12.062
17. 6»
5-.?'
'2-3
- 11.06
'7
18.6
<7'*
19.3
16.6
16.3
IS- 4
12.3
12.4
10. 5
.S.4
'3-4>7
19.5*
3-'
16.4
- 10.33
18
21.6
19.7
17-4
19.2
19.2
'7-4
18.4
18.5
17.9
18.2
16.521
21. 6»
6.0
15.6
— 8.61
'9
26.4
23- 9
24. 5
22.8
24.4
21.9
17.3
17.8
18.6
16.7
21.629
26.4*
16. 7'
9-7
- S-78
20
27.6
28.2
27.7
26.8
27.6
26.4
37.1
25- S
24.7
24.6
25-367
30. 8«
16.7"
14. 1
- 3-67
21
29.8
29.3
28.4
28.1
27.0
23.2
23'
20.4
20.4
18.2
26. 683
32.3*
18.2-
14. 1
— 3.94
22
26.5
37.1
26.3
26.0
24- 3
24.5
24.9
25.0
24.2
24.4
23-7S8
27.7*
17-4"
10.3
- 4-56
23
26.7
27.9
27.1
25- 4
25- 3
24.2
23-9
34.7
24-7
22.5
26. 288
29. I*
22.5*
6.6
- 3-«7
24
23- 4
22. s
23- 3
23' 4
22.5
22.8
21.9
21.4
21. 1
20.6
23-488
27.5*
20.0
7-S
- 4-72
25
22.7
33.0
31.7
31.6
20.4
20.0
19. 3
18.5
18.9
19.6
21.412
23-4*
18. 1
S-3
- S-89
26
24.4
24.4
24.4
24- 3
23- 9
24.2
23.6
24.2
23- 7
23 4
22.800
24-5*
19. i»
S-4
- S-'«
27
27.4
25. S
23.6
23.2
23.6
21.6
19. 5
•7-3
'7-7
14.7
21.900
27.4"
14. 7«
12.7
- 5- 61
28
23-7
23.0
23.2
23.2
21.4
72.2
22.2
21.2
22. 7
22.3
20. 550
23-9*
14.6
9-3
- 6.33
29
27- 4
28.1
28.7
29.4
28.4
36.3
27.2
23.2
24.4
22.7
25. 246
29.4*
21. 5
7-9
- 3-78
30
25.9
26.6
25-7
25- S
25.7
25.7
25.6
25-4
24.6
25.0
25.742
30-4»
1 21.3
9-2
- 3- SO
31
1
18.4323
17.6645
•7-3903
17.0806
15.9IS9
14- 8903
14. 1226
12.9871
12.3161
II. 7613
14. 7894
19.80
7.61
12. 19
-7.S4
—7-94
-8. II
-8.28
-8.94
-9.50
—9.94
—10.56
-10.39
— 11.22
- 9-SS
- 6.76
-'3-SS
6.77
- 9-SS
'From the observed hourly readings.
220
TOE LADY FRANKLIN BAY BXrEDlTlON.
! I
i '
If i
1
' i
i
: i
i!
'i i
■! '
it ,
it*
r
•!|
JUNE, 1883.
Tahlk I-XVI. — Tnnptraturr of Ihe air, yum; 1883.
\Vaiiliiii|[ton mean lime. Reduce to local mean time l>y adding 49*
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.53 meten].
^- ) 8i''44' A — 64<'4S'_. — 4'>i9">
Dale.
I —
3 ...
3 ---
4
10
II
12
«3
14 -
«5
16
17
18
"9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Means . .
Means in
centi
grade
I n.m. 2 a. m.
34.1
23- 9
30.8
27. 2
30-7
27.1
28. 4
26.7
28.5
25-3
29. 2
29.0
28.6
34-3
3«-4
24.4
24 >
31.6
29.9
29.4
27- 5
28 o
26.6
25-7
25- S
29.0
^9-3
i 29. 2
33-4
3«S
31- 3
26.4
26.5
32- 4
32.2
ii.S
30.9
30.8
3'-4
32. S
32.8
34- »
35-4
3<-7
3«-4
32. S
32.9
35- 2
35-4
32- «
3«-9
32.6
33-9
33- I
34-3
33-9
34.2
34-9
35. 0
3«-4
30. 3667
-0.89
30- 4633
-0.83
3 a.m.
24.5
23.0
3' I
27.4
27.4
27.9
28.4
27, 2
27- 4
25- 5
29. 1
28.6
4 u. m. 5 a. ni. 6 a. ni.
25.0
25. 2
30.7
29.4
27.6
27- 5
27- 5
26.7
27-4
29.9
32.4
34-5
315
33. 2
36.1
3'7
34"
33' 7
33-8
34.8
3>-4
30.2900
-0.94
33-2
30.6
27.9
31- 7
33-5
30-3
32.2
34.7
30.8
33-2
35-4
32.6
33. 7
33-6
33-8
36.1
32 I
30. 5833
—0.78
24. 2
24.0
34. 9
30-4
38.3
38. s
28.0
27- 3
39. 3
35.9
304
28. 5
33-4
33-2
30-5
28.1
32.0
30- 7
3>-4
32.4
34-9
3'-4
34- o
36.3
32.5
33-6
34-2
34-7
36.9
32.4
26.5
34.9
33-9
309
31.0700
— o. 50
36. 2
31.0
28.6
35-5
3»o
3«-4
29.7
32.6
3'-2
3«"
32.3
34. 6
3« 5
34-4
34.8
3'-7
33-7
34-6
33-8
36.4
32. 5
3«-390o
-'^■i3
7 i. m. 8 a. ni. 9 a.m. 10 a. in. i I a. m. Nuoii. 1 1 p, m. 2 |i, ni
29.4
24.4
34.5
309
29.9
29.4
28.0
3>S
30. 5
31.8
3«-7
32.2
34-4
3««
33-6
35- «
34. 7
36.9
33-4
32- 1433
0.06
27- 3
25- 3
34- I
33-4
30.3
.?o-5
28.1
30. 2
28.8
26.4
32.8
28.9
3
I
32.9
34- «
32.5
34-4
35-2
3.1-8
33. 2933
o. 17
27.0
27- 4
32. 3
36.6
31.2
30-4
28.3
30.9
32.0
27.6
32.3
28.8
34-4
36.4
26. 2
27. 2
.55«
33-4
35- 5
34. 5
33' o
33-5
35-5
iS-o
34-4
.i7-'
33-5
35-3
35- o
35' 4
36- 9
33- S
32.9100
0.50
28.8
32- 1
29.7
32- 4
37-6
3«-4
34. 4
35.6
35- 1
32- 4
36.1
34-7
34-5
37-8
34. 8
35.6
35-4
34. 5
37- 1
33-9
26.9
27. 3
38.2
32. S
3' 4
33-4
28.6
33-9
32.4
29. I
3"-4
29.7
33-7
35'
3«5
34*
38.3
35-4
32.2
34-9
.155
35-3
34- 8
37.6
37-5
35- 4
35. 5
35. I
38.2
34-5
33-2333 33-6567
0.67
0.94
37.1
29-7
38.6
35-3
3«-2
35-5
28.7
32.4
32- 9
37-3
36-3
37-0
36.0
36.4
37-6
35- o
35-4
34-9
37-2
34-9
34.1167
1. 17
26.5
30-4
36-4
35-3
30-3
34-8
29.4
34-1
32.9
30- 3
3«-9
30. 5
35-4
.M-6
3«-3
35-5
39-5
36.3
3«-4
37-2
36.3
37-5
3'i-l
37-3
35-4
35-5
36.5
36.6
37-4
36.9
34.3800
1.28
26. I
30-7
35-4
34-9
30-3
35- «
29. 2
33-4
33-9
38.6
3' «
30.0
36.3
35-6
3«-5
35-6
38-4
36.4
j2.3
38.4
37-5
38.3
38.7
34-4
35-5
37-9
36.9
36.5
36.6
34-3800
'•33
111!
1
TUE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
221
JUNE. 1883.
Table t.W\,— Tfmptrature 0/ the air, yune, 1883.
Waahin|;ton mean time. Reduce to Ic^al mean lime liy addini; 49">
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [l.$2 meters],
f = + 8l»44' a^ — 64045'*;— 4"' I9»
3p.m.
4p.m.
5 p.m.
6 p.. m.
7 p.m.
8 p.m.
9p.m.
10 p. m.
II p.m.
Midn'l
Daily
meant.
Max.
Min.
a
26.0
1
1
27.2
26.2
26.1
26.2
26.1
as- 5
24.8
24.9
31.8
25 7
as,99a
29.4*
ai'7
6.2
—3.33
1
27.6
33-4
383
38-0
.?S.4
32.2
3"-3
3« 2
30.7
304
28.612
35-4'
12.7
-1.89
3
37- a
35.6
37-4
35-9
34-7
35- 5
3"9
29.4
34.646
38. '>»
29. 4»
9-2
'-44
3
37- 3
36.2
34-4
32- S
32.9
30. 5
309
29.7
29. «,
28.0
i2. 038
37- 3"
27. 2»
10. 1
0. 00
4
29.4
29.6
28.8
28.7
29.0
28.4
27.8
27.9
27.2
25. 9
29. 162
31 4-
25. y
5-5
-1.56
5
34-7
34. S
33-3
32"
31.6
31S
3" a
29.7
29.2
28.7
30.996
35- 5*
26.4
9. 1
-0. 56
6
28.9
28.6
28.9
28.1
28.7
27- 3
26.9
26.4
26.5
26.7
28.054
29. 4»
25.6
3-8
-2.17
7
36.2
31- 5
3«3
i^i
32.1
32 ■
31- 5
30-7
29.6
30.4
30. 858
36.2*
26.3
9-9
—0.61
8
33-6
33-6
3a- 5
30.2
29.2
31.6
28.5
27.4
26.6
25.6
30. 1 08
33-9'
25. 6»
8-3
-1.06
9
304
30- 4
30-4
30.1
28.7
29.1
28.5
30.6
29.4
29.4
28. 258
30. 6»
24-9
5-7
-2.06
to
30.6
30.6
3«-4
i^l
307
29. s
29.6
29.4
29.0
28.6
30- 57'
32. 8»
28.4
4-4
—0.78
II
30s
30.5
30.4
30- S
30.1
30.2
29.2
28.6
27.2
26.9
29. 304
30-5*
26.7
3-8
-1.50
12
34-4
34-4
35- «
35-4
35- 0
34-4
35°
ii-b
33'
32- 7
33. 67s
36. 3*
27. 1
9-2
0.94
'3
37- 0
34.6
35-3
35-4
35- «
35- «
34-4
34- «
34-2
34-2
34- 754
37-6"
31.8
5-8
1.56
'4
31.8
34- «
33. 7
34-3
34-4
33' 4
30.2
29.9
29.9
27-4
31.658
34-4"
27-4*
7.0
-0.17
'S
37- 0
36.0
34- a
33-9
34.0
32.6
3''-4
3'- >
3'-4
30.7
3'- 967
37- o»
26.2
I0.8
0.00
16
38- 9
38.4
37-8
38.4
39-6
3S-2
34.6
33-1
33-4
32.0
35- 271
39.6>
30.5
9.1
1-83
'7
36.0
36.4
34.7
36.0
34-4
34-2
31-7
3« ♦
30.8
3'-2
ii- 754
37- o»
30.0
7.0
I. 00
18
32 «
3'-4
i^i
32.0
32.6
32.6
3'-4
31.0
32.1
32'
3'- 72s
33-0-
29.8
3-2
-0.17
'9
37.8
36.9
^s-!
35- 2
35-6
35- 5
. r,
3 '•• 5
34-4
35- 0
34-704
38- 4»
3'-3
. I
1.50
20
36. S
387
38.6
35. 8
35- f'
35-6
35-4
'4 9
n- 9
31.6
35-4'7
38-7*
3'-5
/•a
1.89
21
37- S
35-3
35' 0
34-7
33- S
32. s
32. S
32- 7
33- 0
33-4
33- 783
38.3'
30. 6
7-7
1. 00
22
36- 9
38.0
389
37-3
37- «
37-6
37-2
36 9
35- 7
36.1
35- 367
38.9'
32.4
6-5
1.89
23
38.1
37.6
37-6
3'-7
32. s
32.0
32. 5
31.6
3'- 7
35.904
38.7'
31.6
7-'
1.94
24
34- S
33-7
M-o
33-2
32.6
3>-7
3«7
32.6
32.9
33' 2
ii- 438
37-6"
30.3
7-3
0.78
25
35. 3
35-9
35 6
35- 3
35-6
36.0
34-3
34-4
33-7
33-4
34- 708
36. o»
32.6*
3-4
1.50
26
37- 5
35-3
3S-6
35-2
34- <>
34-4
34'
33-9
ii-i
33-5
34-817
37-9*
33-'
4.8
1.56
27
36.6
.S6.2
36. 5
35-3
34-9
34-4
33-9
33- 0
32. 6
32. 4
34-704
36.9'
32.2
4-7
1.50
28
36.6
368
33- S
32.6
33-2
32.6
32."
3'-9
32.4
32.2
35- 221
38. 2«
3'-9
6-'3
1.78
29
36.1
34.4733
37-2
3SO
35°
3S-4
33-6
32.4
32. 4
32.9
3'- 2
ii- 746
37- 2»
,^'.2
6.0
0.94
30
34- 2767
ii- 9500
33' 4900
ii. 1200
32.5800
31.8800
31- SS33
3<"33
30. 6567
32.427'
35-8
28.8
7.0
1.39
1.28
I. II
0.83
0.61
0-33
—0.06
—0.22
-0.50
-0.72
0.24
2.06
-1.78
3.88
0. 24
I Vm,
• From the otncrred hourly readlncs.
1^
222
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JULY, 1883.
Table 'LXWll.— Timprratiitv 0/ f/n- nir, yu/y, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49™
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
0:^^-^ + 8l">44'' \'- - 64° 45' — 4"> 19"'
I •
Date.
S
6
7
8
9
10
FI
12
13
14 ■
15
16
•7
18
19
20
II
22
23
24
25 --
26..
27--
23..
'9--
30
41.2
3'
42-5
Mc-is ...
3.S- 168
Means m
c e n t i-
grade..
1.78
31- '
33-7
32-4
.^2-4
32.0
30- S
31.6
40.3
3S.6
31.0
30-9
34-6
39-4
34-2
40. 6
43-3
36.2
40.0
39-2
33-4
36. I
36-6
33-9
33-6
31.2
34 4
33-2
30.6
2 a. m. 1 3 a.
30-3
32-9
34- o
30-4
3'-4
29.6
32- I
39-6
35- o
31-6
30. 2
32.6
38.6
,•4.6
33-6
41. 6
44.0
39- f>
41. I
38- 6
33- «
36-3
36. 9
34- S
3'-
34-
32.
30.
41.
43-
35.139
1.72
30-9
33-7
33- S
30-9
3'-3
29.7
32.1
41.4
34-7
30
30
3i
37.
34'
33-9
42.1
44.2
38.6
40.9
38.2
34-7
3SS
36-4
34-7
33' 9
3>-4
34- o
32 S
31.8
41. 6
42.4
4 a. m.
3°-9
34'
337
30.6
3'4
29.9
33-2
39- S
34-8
3'-
32-
a-
37.
34-
34- I
41S
42.6
40.7
41. 6
38.4
34-6
35- S
36. 9
34-9
33-7
3' S
34-2
3'- 9
3'-3
41.9
43-4
S "»• ni-
30.6
34-7
33. 6
3'3
3>.6
29. 6
32- 7
39-6
34-7
3'2
32. 2
34-9
39- I
34-8
34- «
42. I
44-3
40.0
40.5
37 «
34. 2
38.'
36.2
36.1
36.3
3«-7
34 4
32.0
32.4
42. 1
40.8
6 a. I
30-7
35-4
34-7
32.6
3'- 7
30-7
33.7
38. S
35- S
32- 7
32.2
35-9
39- 1
34-4
36.3
40.4
44- S
38.0
42.7
37.9
35- S
37-8
36.4
35-9
34.7
32-9
34.8
33- »
31.6
42.4
43- S
7 a. in. , 8 a. m.
3'-4
36-4
34-7
32- 9
32. 5
3'-4
33-9
40.4
36.2
32. 5
32.4
35-9
39. 9
35-1
37-4
40-3
44.0
39 >
40. 2
38.0
35-2
40.4
35- o
36.6
33. S
33-2
35-9
33- S
34-2
41.9
44.0
31- 2
34-4
34- S
35- 2
34-2
3'3
?2. 9
37-6
37-2
335
35-3
36.2
J9.6
35-4
37-
4'-
43.
39-
38.
40.
37-
42-
35-
36.
35-4
34-2
36- 9
33-4
34-3
42.0
46. I
9 a. m. 10 a. m, 1 1 a. m.
35- 203
1.78
3S36ij 3S-S8i| 36.010 36.387 36.881
1.89
2. 22
2.44
2.72
32.2
36.2
35.6
34-7
34.9
3«.7
33-4
38.7
37.4
34-6
35-6
37.6
38.6
34-2
36.2
43-4
43-9
37-6
38.3
38.7
38.4
44.6
35- «
38.2
34.2
34-2
37-2
32.6
35. 2
41.9
45-9
33
37
37
34
35
3>
33
31
37
34
35
37
39
34
36
40
47
38
39
49
39
44
35
38
34
34
38
33
34
39
47
2.83 !
3.22
32.3
38.9
37-4
34- o
35-4
30.9
35-4
39-5
38.4
33-
36.
39-
39-
35.
36.6
39-3
48.2
40. I
39-1
SO. I
38.4
43-7
35-4
40.3
3'f.4
33- 6
34-7
35-3
34.2
41.4
46.7
Noon.
32.3
39-8
36.9
33-9
35-5
32- «
38.1
37-4
3" -
33
37
41
38,
35
37
39
46
45
37
49
38
45
36.
39
34
33
35
36
35
45-4
46.3
37.129 37.800 38.000
3-33
38.590
3- 67
I p. m. 2 p. m.
32.0
37-9
36.7
34-5
36. 4
31.6
36.4
41.2
41-3
34.9
38.2
43-6
38.6
35. 5
38.1
39.7
47 5
45-9
36.9
49.2
39-4
44.6
37. 5
37.6
36.5
34.5
45-2
47-'
38.803
3-78
3«.3
40.6
36.9
34-5
37. «
3I.4
37.4
40.7
39.6
36.6
"39.4
510
37.4
35- o
40.
40.
43-
45-
40.
48.6
40. 1
45.4
36.6
37.1
33. 9
34.5
35.6
37.4
37-4
45. S
46.4
39.242
4.02
yllli;il^
THK LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
223
40.0
36.9
34. S
37'
3'-4
37-4
40.7
39-6
36.6
39-4
Si.o
37-4
35- o
40-3
40.6
43'
45.0
40. 1
48.6
40. 1
45-4
36.6
37-'
33-9
34-5
.35- 0
37-4
37-4
45- S
46.4
4.02
JULY, 1883.
Tabi.k "LXVll.—liniprrafure of the ttir, yiily, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"
Therm>/meter above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
^= + 81° 44' /. .-64O45'— — 4i>i9"'
3 !'• >>'•
4 p. m.
S p. m.
6 J), m.
7 ,). ni.
8 i>. Ml.
9 p. ni.
10 p. ni.
1 1 p. ni.
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
.3
32.2
32.5
33-3
33- 5
34-2
34-4
34-3
34-2
33-9
34-2
32.379
34. 4»
29.4
5-"
0. 22
I
38-4
40.4
.}8-3
41.2
39' 4
37-8
38.0
36.1
34. 2
35- 0
36.871
41. 2«
32-5
8-7
2.72
2
36.1
37-9
36.0
36.9
34- 0
35-3
34.8
34-2
34. 3
3' 2
35- «2S
37- 9»
30.9
1°
1.72
3
36.2
[37-4]
38. 5
38.9
37-2
36.9
33' 9
33-4
3'-9
32-0
34.092
38. 9»
30.2
8-7
I. 17
4
37-4
37-4
36.3
37-3
36- 4
35- S
34.4
32- 3
3'«
3«-9
;Jli?l
37- 4*
^-•2
6-5
1.22
5
3'-2
31.6
i^i
33- S
32- 9
32.4
3I.6
31-3
3« 5
32-4
31.346
33-5*
28.8
4-7
-0.39
6
40. s
41S
41.8
41.4
43' 4
44.0
44-2
43-4
43-3
40. 6
37.504
44-9"
3'-4
>3-5
306
7
40.4
40.7
41-3
40.8
42.3
37-6
39. 2
37- 0
35-7
34-9
39. 246
42.3'
3'-9»
7-4
4.00
8
39- S
39-4
39-2
39.3
37-6
37-9
36.3
35- 0
32- 5
32-3
36.938
41-3'
31.8
9-5
2.72
9
35-3
34- I
37- 0
35-2
34-6
35-4
33-7
3>-4
30.3
29.7
3i- .142
37- o»
29.4
7-6
0.72
10
39-4
•,9.0
39-3
36.0
.55 5
37-4
36.6
35' 7
33-4
33-'
35- 233
39- 4"
29.4
10. 0
1.78
II
49.6
49-4
50. 6
48. s
47.6
45- 5
47-7
49.2
.\91
38-4
41.408
52.4'
32-3
20. 1
5. 22
12
37.4
.37-8
.55-9
35-4
3^i
35-0
34-9
35-2
34-5
34-2
37-412
39-9'
34-0
5-9
3.00
'3
34-9
34-4
34-6
34. 2
33-8
33-9
33-7
33-5
33' 7
33-6
34-521
35-9'
32.8
3-'
•-39
«4
415
39- 4
38.1
42-5
41. S
39-9
39-9
40.8
40.7
39-5
37- 888
42-5"
33-0
9.5
3-28
'S
44-4
44.7
44-4
42.4
44.2
43-7
43-8
44-7
44.6
43-7
42. 262
44-7*
36.8
7-9
S-72
16
39 0
36.4
37.4
3<'.9
30. 6
35-4
36.1
36.4
36- 9
36-3
41.438
48. 2«
35-2
13.0
5.22
17
43-2
43-4
43-4
41. 0
41S
41.6
42.1
41.4
41.4
39- 5
40. 925
45-9*
35-7
10. 2
4-94
18
39-3
41-7
42.0
41.0
39- •
40. 1
41. I
41.4
37-5
41.2
40. 038
42. 7»
35-4
7-3
4-44
•9
48.4
49.2
48.8
39.0
386
36.9
36.4
34. 8
35-4
35- 0
41.546
SO. i»
34-0
16. I
5-28
20
37.6
38.6
38. s
37-5
3f'-4
36.3
.35-9
35-6
34-4
34-2
36- 538
40. i»
33- «
7.0
2.50
21
46.2
^l-''
41.9
40.9
41.9
39.8
38. I
37-6
37-2
36. 5
40. 525
46, 2»
34-1
12. 1
4.72
22
37-2
38.1
37.6
367
3<J-4
35-7
35-2
34-7
34-8
34-7
36. 112
38. I»
34-2
3-9
2.28
23
36.9
36.2
35'
35-6
35- S
35- 4
35- 0
35-2
34-8
34-7
36- 192
40-3"
33-8
6-5
2.33
24
33- S
33-8
33- S
32.6
3J-9
31-8
3«-7
31-4
3'- 2
3'- 2
33- 496
35- 4"
31.0
4-4
0.83
25
35"
35-4
34. 6
33-9
33-6
34-4
36.6
34-8
34-9
.54-3
33-717
36. 6"
3«o
5.6
0.94
26
35-9
35. 5
iS(>
.35'
36.6
35-7
35-2
34-9
34-4
34- 0
35- .375
38. .^•
33-2
5 1
1.89
H
.!7-4
37.2
37-7
37- 1
35-2
35-7
33-9
32.1
32.4
3'-4
34- 346
37- 7*
30.9
6.8
1.28
28
36.6
36. 4
36.1
36.0
36.8
36.6
36.9
40.4
40. 6
41.4
35- 233
41.4'
29-3
12. I
1.78
29
43-3
45-5
4S-2
43- S
41.2
43-4
41.9
42. 6
4«-5
42.9
42. 708
45- 5"
.39-2
6-3
5-94
30
45-2
48.4
47-7
46. 1
47- I
44.1
40. 6
43-2
42-7
42.2
44.708
48.4>
40.3
8. 1
7.06
3'
39.006
39. 197
39-097
38. 423
38.013
37' 597
37' «94
36.900
35-981
35-684
37- "827
41.3
32.9
8-4
3. 89
4. uo
3-94
3.5«-'
observed h
3>'
ourly rndi
2.89
ngs.
2. 72
kObse
2. 22
rved 8.16 p
2.06
. m.
2.87
_i"_
0.40
*"
2.87
From the
•Obse
rved 5 1 '
224
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAT EXPEDITION.
! i
Date.
1 . .
2 .
3 -
4 -
5 -
6 ..
7 -■
8 ..
40. I
33-5
3'- 4
33-6
32' 2
33-2
3°-9
33-9
AUGUST, 1883.
Table LXVIII. — Temperature of the air, August, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'''
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
^ = -f8i°44' X=— 64045'=— 4'> igm
3 a. m.
38.7
35°
3'-4
33-9
32.2
33-4
30. 7
35- o
39-4
35°
32- 4
33-4
3^1
34-2
30,6
39- o
4 a. m.
39-7
34-2
32- 4
33-
3'-
34-
30.
37-
5 a. m.
39-3
34-4
32.2
6 a. m.
39-7
35'
33-2
33- S
33-4
3'- 4
32. 3
33-8
36.0
30.8
31.6
38.1
37-6
7 a. m.
8 a. \\\.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
Noon.
39- S
40.4
41.2
39-7
40.4
41.9
34-7
34-3
32.6
33-4
33.6
34-6
33-2
33. 4
34-4
34-9
36.2
37- a
33-^
33.5
33-6
33'i
33- 5
34-2
32-4
32.2
330
33-2
33-4
35-2
32- 4
36.0
36. 9
36. S
37- 0
37-2
3-i-4
34- 0
34-9
• 344
36.0
35- 3
3S-9
36.6
38.1
395
40.9
39-9
39. 4
34-2
If). 2
34-2
35- 4
38.9
34-7
38.9
2 |>. m.
41. 2
33-9
3, .8
34-8
35-6
37- o
34-4
40.4
.VQ
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
225
AUGUST, 1883.
Table LXVIII. — Temperature of the air, August, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by atUIing 49'<>
Thermometer above the ground, 5 feet [1.52 meters].
^ = + 81° 44' A = — 64°4S'_-— 4" igm
3 p.m.
4 p.m.
Sp.m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
36.4
Midn't.
Daily
means.
Max.
Min.
Range.
a
6.1
1
40.6
40.6
38.4
36.5
36.9
36.9
37-2
36.0
35- 1
38. 967
41.9
34.2
7.7
3.87
I
34-4
34- «
33-6
34-2
33-4
33-4
33-4
32.9
32- 4
32.6
33.871
35-1
32. 3
2.8
1.04
2
38.7
38.9
38.1
35.9
34-2
35- >
34.4
33. 4
33-4
33-3
34. 821
39' 2
3«.4
7.8
1. 57
3 i
34-9
34-7
350
34-2
34.0
33-4
32.8
32.8
32.8
32.6
33.712
35- 0
32.3
2.7
o.9,S
4
39. 3
35-4
35-6
37-6
37-4
34-6
34-8
34-6
32.4
34-4
34. 083
39-3
31-4
7.9
1. 16
5
37. 2
36.3
36.4
36.6
34.6
33. S
32. 9
32. 2
32.2
31.6
35- 017
38.9
31.4
7.5
1.68
6
34. 9
33-4
33-6
33-4
33. 7
33-4
33-4
33-7
33-4
34-3
33. 280
36.0
29.6
6.4
0.71
I
40.2
39.0
36- 4
36.8
36.6
36.6
36.6
36. S
36.4
36. s
37.629
40.9
33.4
7-5
3-13
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 15
IM
f
I !
226 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table LXIX. — Daily mi-an temperatures at Fort Con):;er, August 5, 1881, to Auj^ust 8, 1883, inclusive.
0=-(-8i°44' A = — 64°4S'i= — 4'' 19™
Date.
12
•3
«4
«S
16
«7
18.
•9
20
21
22
23 ■
24
25-
26
27
.!8
29
30
31
Means
Means in centi-
grade
Allans , Scptenihcr, October,
1881. 1881. ; 188),
36- 2
38.2
35-9
33-9
36.9
37-7
42.1
43.2
42
40,
39
37
34
27
22.
32.8
3'-7
31
27
27
28.
2/
25
28
•7
. I
•9
•4
■7
.6
27.1
24.4
33-30
o. 72
23.0
22.4
22. o
22. 1
>9S
17.2
22.3
18.4
16. 2
17. 2
«S-3
19.0
13-8
«5'
14.0
13- 6
13-2
13-5
8.8
3-6
-3-6
- 2.5
2-3
1-3
1-3
10. 92
-11.71
4.6
6.S
2.8
II. 9
9-8
8.5
2.0
- o.
- 6.
- 6.
- 9
-'5
-19,
•7
-•7
- 24. 2
-18.9
-26.2
- 20.4
-ii-S
-6.0
-10.8
-I3>
- 7-5
- 3-8
-2.6
-6.2
- 3-3
- 7-4
- 5- 5
- 7-5
■ 9. 22
- 22. 90
November,
1881.
- 7-4
7.0
II. 7
•34
•73
8.9
II. 7
II. S
22.8
32.0
30.8
30.7
29- 5
34.6
17. 6
25.8
29- 3
26.3
20.4
20. 1
25'
3'-
33'
3P-
29.
33-
34.
35-
36.0
37.6
-24- S3
-31.40
1 )ecenil)er, | January, ! February,
1881. j " 1882. , 1882.
- 27. 6
16.9
24.7
23.0
24.7
3.V3
32.7
31.6
28.9
25.4
33-8
32.2
28.6
28.9
39' 3
40.9
40.8
42.8
44.4
43-9
3«-9
27.7
25.0
26.5
29.8
23.6
32.7
39-0
39.2
37-5
-35- o
-32.01
-35. Sf'
-25.0
23. 6
29.8
28.9
31.8
36-7
3'-2
38.8
SO- 3
52.0
42. 2
.35-0
4. • 9
44.0
30.9
21.7
32.5
40.3
39-6
40.3
38.6
43-4
36.0
44-4
AS-(>
47.
44.
42,
47.
39.
-38,
-38. 27
—39- 04
-49.
5«-
52.
47-
5'-
53-
55-
51.0
50.6
52.4
54-3
53-3
57.5
52.6
52.
51-
34-
40.
43-
44-.
46. 1
44.3
48.2
39- 7
19.8
26.0
35-9
-40. s
-46. 47
-43.60
Marcli,
1882.
-23-1
31.6
3>-6
34-9
36. o
30. 2
37-6
34-3
3'-7
23- 5
13.9
21.3
34-9
39- o
38.9
36.4
32.7
28.8
27.0
24-3
14.4
30.5
30.0
37-5
40.5
32.3
30.3
30.2
29. 6
21. 2
-'9-9
- 29- 94
-34- 4«
April,
1882.
-32-7
34.6
-30.3
-26.5
-20.3
26. 8
-21.8
-5-4
0.4
- 6.4
5-'
- 3-4
-0.9
- 2. 1
o. I
4-
- 4-
- 7-
- 9-
-«3-
-13-
- 6.
7.
2.4
3-0
5-2
7-9
9.2
7-4
o. 2
May,
1882.
8.9
«3-7
23.0
16.3
II. I
14.4
17.4
II. 7
8. I
6.7
6.8
10. 9
17.4
17.2
17. C
14.4
15-4
16.9
18.0
19. 2
23-5
21.7
20. 7
17.4
18. I
20.8
27. 6
30.5
31.7
22 3
20.3
June,
1S82.
21.0
18.5
19.8
25.8
23- 4
20.6
25-5
28. 5
31-8
33-1
33-4
33-6
35-1
35- 4
33-8
34-6
29.8
28. s
33-2
34-3
36-7
40.9
38.8
10. 2
38-8
39-3
42.3
46.4
43-5
48.1
- 8.61
■ 22. 56
17.41
- 8. ID
33- '2
0.62
Ji'iy.
1882.
41.8
35-9
36.0
35-7
37-2
41-3
42.2
40.8
35-5
.34-9
32.7
32.9
37-2
36.2
39-9
39-4
.35-8
37-1
35-8
35-9
35-3
36.0
34-9
36.6
37-1
39-3
37-2
36.4
34-6
35-2
34-7
36.82
2.68
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
227
Table LXIX. — Daily mean temperatures at Fort Conger, August i, 1882, to Augusts, 1883, inclusive,
^=4-81'' 44' X= 64°4S' = -4" i9"»
lie,
July.
82.
1882.
I.O
41.8
3.5
35. 9
9.8
36.0
5.8
35-7
3-4
37.2
0.0
41. 3
S-S
42.2
«-.s
40.8
1.8
35-5
VI
34-9
^■A
32.7
.rb
32.9
5'
37-2
5.4
36.2
.?•«
39-9
!4.l>
39-4
!9. 8
.35-8
!8..s
37-1
5,V2
35-8
M-,^
35-9
J6.7
35-3
to. 9
36.0
18.8
34-9
70. 2
36.6
38.8
37-1
39-3
39-3
42-3
37-2
46.4
36.4
43-5
8.1
34- <J
3S-2
3+7
53" 2
36.82
0. 62
2.68
Augu.st,
1882.
36-
35.
35-
3S.
39-
36-
34'
35-4
37-8
33-2
40.0
39-3
39'
40.4
37-7
38- 4
36. J
3S-4
41.3
38.2
38.4
35-9
34-3
34-6
33-2
30. 6
28.9
29.8
304
27. 6
25.6
35-30
1.83
September,
1882.
( )ctober,
1882. •
22. 9
23.8
26.0
8.7
8.9
8.1
25.0
23- 9
23- 4
20.7
0.9
— 8.2
19. I
16.4
20.4
— 94
- 9-7
— 1.0
20. s
18. 1
20. 4
16. I
1.4
— 4.4
0.6
0. I
14.9
17.4
21. 2
— 1.2
— 8.4
— 14.0
'S-3
6.2
6.4
10. 4
— 12.7
—17.9
— 8.7
— 12.6
19.2
21.6
— 10.4
— 10.2
16.7
II. 0
12.0
21.8
— 17.7
— '7-3
-15.9
— II. 6
23.0
15.8
'3'
— 17.2
-17.8
— '7-3
— 10. 9
18.09
— 7- 75
— 7-73
— 22. 08
November,
1882.
11.8
19. 2
16. s
17.1
27. 2
26.3
26.0
31.0
35.4
36.6
35-8
32- 3
20. 1
20. 7
12. s
22. 9
32- S
33-3
23-5
23.8
29.9
32.8
5.S. S
34-6
32.8
32.3
30.3
32. S
39.3
-37- 9
-27. 99
-33- 32
December,
1882.'
— 37'
39.1
35-
29.
33-
33-
30-
3'-
3°-
28.3
25- 9
28.9
33- 5
27- 5
23- 3
, 27.8
33-5
25'
25-7
19.8
3'-9
27.9
28.7
20. 6
1.7
12. 2
33. o
3'- 7
18.6
19.8
— 35-S
Jamiary,
1883.
-27. 76
-33. 20
-40.7
36.3
38.5
40. 2
26.3
27- 5
3'- 5
34- o
3'.8
35-4
36.2
31. 6
39- o
40. 6
41.8
45.5
39- o
38.3
44.6
41.6
33-9
34-4
34-3
40.1
40.0
34.4
29.9
27.6
28.4
29. 2
-37-'
-35.80
—37- 67
February,
1883.
-44-3
46.5
50-5
45 5
4-7
42.7
39.5
38
36
36.2
36.'
27.9
32- 7
39-9
43-2
47'
44. I
40.8
33'
19. 5
12.9
16.8
38.4
44.8
4M
42-:
so. r,
51. A
March,
'883.
44.0
34-3
37-'
34-5
37-4
29.8
21. 6
6.8
24. 6
32.5
30-4
19.4
24. I
-12.7
1.6
- 16.9
15.2
14.1
7.6
9.2
13-6
8.4
8.3
-38. 93
-39. 40
19.
'3-
4-
S-
2.9
3-1
7-4
rI7. O
April,
1883.
—17.92
—27- 73
-23'
25.8
27.9
19. I
10. 6
'7-5
12.8
12. 2
20. 7
23 7
21. 6
18.9
20. 6
20. 6
19. S
19. 2
17.9
16. o
10. s
16. 7
15.6
8.6
10. I
8.1
7-7
8.7
3-3
1.2
1-3
— 4-3
-14.78
—25- 99
May,
1883.
— 2.6
— 1.8
— 5.4
— 5.4
— 2.0
1.0
6.9
7-3
ll.S
12. s
16. o
15.8
25- 5
21.8
14. 1
16. 5
12. 1
'3-4
16. s
21. 6
25-4
26.7
23.8
26. 3
23-5
21.4
22.8
21. 9
20. 6
25. 2
25-7
'4-79
— 9-57
June,
1883.
July.
1883.
26.0
28.6
34-6
32.0
29. 2
31.0
28.1
30-9
30.1
28.3
30. 6
29- 3
33-7
34-8
3'7
32.0
35-3
33-8
3'- 7
34-7
35-4
33-8
35-4
35.5
33-4
34.7
34.8
34.7
35-2
33-7
32-43
o. 24
32.4
36.9
35-
34-
34-
3'-
37-
39-
36.
33-3
35' 2
41.
37'
34.
37-
42.
4'-
40.-9
40.0
41. 5
36. 5
405
3<'>.'
36. 2
33- S
33-7
35-4
34.3
35-2
42.7
44.7
37. '8
2.88
August,
■ 883.
39.
33-
34-
33-
34.
35.
33.
37-6
I
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
'3
'4
'S
16
17
18
'9
20
21
22
23
24
2S
26
27
28
29
30
3«
i( ;f i
228
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
I ',
i3 I
^ •■
I I
Table LXX. — Hourly mean temperatures at Fort Conger from August 5, 1881, to August^, 1883, inclusive.
6=1 81044' . ?. = — 64°4S' = — 4" 19"'
Time.
I a.
m
2 a.
m
31-
m
4 a.
m
Sa-
m
ba.
m
7 a-
m
8 a.
m .
9 a.
m
10 a.
m . . .
II a.
m
Noon . . . 1
' P
m
2p
m
3P
m. ..
4P
m
SP
m
6 p.
m
U
ni
8 p.
m
9 p.
m
10 p.
m
II p.
m
Midi
ight
s
Mear
Means in centi- I
grade '
August, September,
i88i.» i8gi.
32.22
32.29
32-25
32.28
32. 66
33-19
33-20
33-46
33-76
34-05
34-60
35-05
35-25
35-23
35- 42
35- '3
34-45
34- '9
33- 93
33-40
32-79
32 32
32.27
32.08
Time.
August, September,
1882. 1 1882.
1
October,
1882.
November,
. 1882.
tJecember,
1882.
-27- 574
27.871
27- 345
27. 668
27.691
27. 290
27. 248
27. 616
28. 032
27-913
27. 687
27. 610
27. 216
26. 787
27- 536
27. 897
28. 181
28.271
28. 645
28. 119
28. 274
27-723
28. 068
—28.036
January,
1883.
February, ' March,
1883. 1883.
April, May,
1883. 1883.
June,
1883.
as
la. m
2 a. m...
3a. m
4 a. m
5 a. m
6 a. m
7 a. ^11
8 a. m
9 a. m
10 a. m
11 a. m
Noon
1 p. in ..
2 p, m
3P-m
4P-m
SP-m
6 p. m.
7 p. m
8 p. m
9P-m
10 p. m
11 p. m
Midnight
Means
Means in centi-
grade
34-39
34-43
34-59
34-59
34-87
35-00
35-36
35- 42
35-95
35-66
36-36
36-37
36.08
35-96
35-78
35-86
36.00
35-78
35-53
35-33
35-00
34-72
34-08
34.10
17-49
17-43
•7-79
17.81
17-49
17- 59
■17-72
17-79
18.45
18.81
19.04
19- 23
19. 18
19-25
19.08
18.55
18-35
17-70
17.66
17-50
17.71
17-65
17,48
17-34
- 7.090
7.481
7-519
7.661
7-742
7-939
7- 615
7-719
7-932
7-561
7.671
7-352
7.642
7- 923
7.948
7.026
7.429
7.890
7-939
7-961
7-623
7-655
7- 523
- 8. 177
—27. 63
27.21
27-43
27.46
27.95
27.78
28.47
28.31
28.61
28.25
28.26
28.33
27.80
28. 10
27.92
27.61
27.81
27.65
28.06
28.42-^
28.34
28.22
28. 10
—28. 07
-35-813
36. 481
35- 845
35- 284
35- 187
35-458
35- 548
35-5'3
35-932
35- 742
35- 894
36. 139
36- 342
36. 016
35-752
35- 338
35-981
35-752
.35-684
35- 719
35-858
36. 242
36. 200
-35-571
-39- 314
39 679
39- 782
39- 475
39- 261
38.711
38. 114
37-95°
38. 868
39- 225
38. 496
38. 825
38. 782
38.814
38-471
38- 843
38- 839
38- 814
39- 339
38. 861
38.921
38. 947
39. 068
-38.971
—19- 193
19- ^ii
18. 690
19- 053
18. 007
17.250
15-757
14- 563
13-383
12. 180
10-527
10. 783
9- 903
9-937
10. 227
"•347
1 1 . 940
12.980
13.860
15- 117
15-663
17-633
18.473
-18-333
-18.527
18.977
18.952
18.716
19.094
18.800
18.968
18. 294
18.177
17-597
16- 397
16. 426
16.374
17- 139
16. 381
16.700
17-371
17. 887
18. 261
18.513
17.981
17-448
—18.287
10. 794
10. 694
10. 697
11.090
11.897
12.945
14-332
14- 894
16. 097
16.607
17-663
18.181
18. 142
18-352
18-433
17.664
17-390
17.081
15-913
14. 890
14-123
12.987
12.316
11.761
30- 367
30- 463
30. 290
30- 5S3
31.070
31- 390
32. 143
32- 293
32.910
33- 213
33- 657
34-117
34- 280
34- 380
34- 478
34- 277
33- 950
33-490
33- 120
32.580
31.880
31-553
31-113
30 657
3S- 168
35- 139
35- 203
35-361
35-581
36.010
36. 387
36. 881
37- 129
37-800
38.000
38.590
38. 803
39. 242
39.007
.39. 197
39.097
38. 423
38- 013
37- 597
37. 194
36.900
35.981
35- 684
33.302' 18.087;- 7.751 : -27.987 —27.763 -35.804 -38.932 --14-776
III ' '
'•83 -7-73-22-08 -33.32-33.20 1-37-67 j-39-40 |-2S.99
-17-917 14-789
-27-73 — 9-S7
32-427
0.24
37. 183
2.88
(1>i J
* These means cover August ; to 31, 1881, and August i to 4, 1883.
f 'h
..T m
July.
1882.
36.12
35-91
36. 16
36.21
36.03
36.38
36.55
36.50
37.20
37.27
37-53
37.75
38. 12
j7-9i
38.03
37.61
37-48
37- 54
37- '8
36.71
36. 12
35-95
35-95
35-52
30. S2I
2. 69
J"iy.
1883.
35- 168
35. "39
35- 203
35-361
35-58'
36.010
36. 387
36. 881
37- «29
37- 800
38.000
38- 590
38. 803
39- 242
39-007
•W- '97
39. 097
38. 423
38.013
37-597
37- '94
36. 900
35-981
35- 684
37- 183
2.88
IHE LADY FRANKLIN BA7 t^XPEDITIUN.
Table LXXI. — Tempfralme means by decades at Fort Conger.
^.._- 481° 44' >. = — 64°45' —4'' '9'"
Cirand mean,
229
Date.
.\iig. i-io .
Aug. 11-20
■■ViH;. 21-31
Sept. i-io ...
Sepi. 11-20 ...
Sept. 21-30 ...
Oct. i-io ...
Oct. 11-20
Oct. 21-31 . ..
Nov. * I-IO . ..
Nov. 11-20
Nov. 21-30
Dec. I-IO ...
Dec. 11-20
Dec. 21-31
Jan. I-IO ...
Jan. 11-20
Jan. 21-31 ....
Feb. I-IO ...
Keb. 11-20 . .
Feb, 21-28, 29
Mar. I-IO ...
Mar. 11-20 .. .
Mar. 21-31 ..
Apr. I-IO ...
Apr. 11-20 ...
Apr. 21-30...
May I-IO
May 11-20 ...
May 21-31 -
June I-IO
June 1 1-20 . -
June 21-30 .. .
July I-IO ...
July 11-20 ...
July 21-31 ...
Discovery port ( -onger.
Hay. ''
i87S-'76.
i88i-'82.
36. 72
33. 33
2S. 15
21.30
23-49
10.78
8 82
~I2.8|
-23. 92
- 9. 12
-22. 67
-23. 45
-7.85
-28.42
-36. 18
-32.84
-39.81
-48. 50
-25.81
-43- 70
-35-55
-54.03
-29-37
-28.76
-27.41
-19.88
- 4-53
- J. 29
10. 66
19.63
29.14
32. 18
36.17
36.88
36.80
37.87
Fort Conger.
1882-83. j Fahrenheit. Centigrade.
35.60
37. '9
28.42
20.05
13.00
" 0.30
- .3-27
17.95
- 6. 69
-14. 38
-26. 50
-32.72
-26. 88
37-55
-31.64
-34. 82
-37.03
-42. 54
-5«.56
-48. 50
-37-57
-3>-44
-29.72
-28,76
-20.43
- 2.99
- 2. 40
«3. '3
'5-39
23- '4
24.79
33- '7
41.40
38.12
36.30
36. '2
35-90
38.60
3'- 77
22. 15
15-65
16.46
- 1.61
- 6. 52
-14.45
-24. 72
-25-73
-33-5'
-32. 78
-27. II
-23,80
-34. 24
-39- 83
-36- 57
i _
42. 21
■36.45
-37.93
-30. 26
-14.81
- 9-53
-'9-32
-18. 14
- 6.87
2. 19
'7-33
23-93
29.87
32.74
34-67
35- 'o
39.27
37. '8
36.07
36.37 '
29-45.
21. 17
17.38
8.98
i.3«
-12.43
-15.02
-16.07
-24. 97
-29. 89
-22. 50
-31 O'
— ;;J ,.
-33. 97
-38. 89
-42. 54
-39-86
-42. 88
-36-96
-38- 58
-24.63
-22.35
-22.39
-13-67
— 4. 60
4.68
14-46
22.23
27-93
32.70
37.41
36.70
37- 46
37.06
2. 26
2.42
1.42
I
- 6.02
- 8.12
12.81
-17.05
24. 68
-26. 12
-26. 70
-31-65
-34- 38
-30. 28
-35- 02
-34- 74
-36.65
-39- 38
-41-41
-39-92
-41.60
-38.3'
-39-21
-31.46
-30.20
-30.21
-25-37
-20.33
-15. 18
- 9-74
- 5-4-
- 2. 26
0-39
3.01
2.61
3.04
2.81
I
I
1;
Mill ■
II, i
230
TDE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
\i?
ANNUAL MEAN TEMPERATURK OK THE ATMOSPHERE.
The annual mean temperature of Fort Conger, dependent on three years' observations, ii - j.Q" [— 19.93" C], . value
which may be considered (juite reliable, as the greatest departure is but 1.38" [.77° C.]. In o ining tliis mean the o'lser-
vations of the British Arctic Expedition of 1875-76 have been useil, as they were made at the saii j spot as those of the Lady
Franklin liay Expedition and are directly comparable.
For the purpose of cr>mparison there has been added to the table the temperature means l> ' montlv for adjacent arctic
stations, Thank God Harbor, and Floeberg Beach.
Table LXXll. —A/tii» lemptratu-c.
! ■!
M<iS,tSi.
i^isri ery Hay.
^ r8i°44'
l">rt Conger.
0 |8i°44'
Thank God
Harbor.
^ - + 81O38'
(iranil mean,
four years.
* - 1 81° 42'
Floeberg Ueach.
^ f 82° 27'
,«■ -'76.
i88l-'82.
iSS2-'83.
Means for
three years.
0
33-77
15.84
- 8.92
-23.64
-28. 10
-38. 24
-40. 13
-28. 10
-•3-55
14.08
32- 65
37.08
i87i-'72.
"875-'76.
August
September
( )ctober
November
December
January
Feljruary
March _
April
May
June
J"iy -
Annual means.
Means in cen-
tigrade
0
32.72
18.52
- 9- 79
-18.41
-24.54
—40. 64
-35.00
-37- 05
-17.27
10.04
32- 50
37-21
0
33- J-
10.92
- 9. 22
- 24- 53
-3^.01
-38.2;
-46.47
-29. 94
- 8.61
17.41
33- 02
36.85
0
35- 30
18.09
- 7-75
-27-99
-27. 76
-35- 80
-38. 93
- 17.92
-.•4.78
'4-79
32.43
37- 18
0
36.0
23-4
- •■3
- 8.6
-'5-7
- 22. I
-23.2
-23- 4.
- 7-7
16. 9
36-4
40.5
0
34-33
>7-73
— 7.02
-19.88
— 25.00
-34,20
-35-90
-27.08
-1:? 9
14. /S
33-59
37-94
0
3«-9'
15.60
- 4-99
-16.85
— 22. 12
-32.92
-37- 98
-39- 77
-17.96
II. 21
32.46
38-36
- 4-23
-20. 13
- ',-95
-20. S3
- 2.52
-19. iS
- 3-93
-19.96
4.24
-15.42
- I. 89
-18.82
- 3-47
-19.70
; ■;
M'.i
This annual mean —3.93° [— 19.96'' C] is the lowest for any known spot on the globe, that of Van Rensselaer Harbor,
— 2.46° [—19.15], dependent on two years' oLaervations, being next in order. The mean temperature during the ab.sence
of the sun, for four and a half months each year, is — 30.61° [ — 34.78° C], probably lower than that recorded for any other
locality for an ecually prolonged period.
There is also subjoined the observed mean temperatures of Van Rensselaer Harbor, North Star Bay, Port Foulke, Polaris
House, and Camp Clay.
Table LXXIII. — Mean temperature.
II
Ml '
I I
Month.
North .Star Bay.
0 = 4-76-' 33'
l849-'so.
Van Rensselaer Har-
bor.
0--= 4 78037'
Port Foulke.
0=f 78°l8'
l86o-'6i.
Polaris Mouse.
0=^ + 78° 22'
i872-'73.
Camp Clay.
0 = + 78°45'
Grand mean.
p=-f78°i2'
i85r'54.
i8s4-'55.
i883-'84.
August
September
October
November
December
January
February
March
April
May
0
33.8
27.0
12.6
-16.3
-24.1
-22.3
—30. 6
-15.2
2S-6
39-4
39-8
0
17.16
1.62
-22. 39
-25.46
—29. 21
-32- 65
-36- 79
- 7-69
■3-45
30. 12
38. "9
0
31.82
9-74
— 8. 78
-21.52
-36- 79
-27- 23
— 20. 22
-32.98
— 13.01
0
22. (m
7.60
2.84
-12.81
-25-97
-24.88
-22.32
— II.OI
23-77
33-85
40-54
0
- 1.84
- 8.75
-29-34
-25-49
- 25. 10
- 4-74
18.82
0
J'-65
'7-55
0.96
—21.00
—20.40
-28. 28
-19.83
— 16. 29
- 1-47
14.27
35- '7*
0
32.42
18.81
2.80
-•3-37
-21.38
—27.06
—25.61
-24. 78
- 6.82
19.18
34. 59
39-5'
Juno
fdy
Annual means
Means, centi-
grade
5-56
- 14.69
— 2. 46
— 19. I?
2-.^S
16.47
Twenty-ooe days.
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
231
In order to obtain the best value for the mean anr 1 te.nperature of that latitude, there has been combined for that
purjc.o only thi; observed meat temperature at I hank < \ Harbor with those at Fort Conger, which gives an annual mean,
dei)endent on four years' observations, of — 1.89° [— i'* ''2 • .] for latitude 81° 42' N. In like manner the observed mean tenii)er-
atures for North Star I?ay, Van Rensselaer Harbor, Pot ''oulke, Polaris House, and (!am[) Clay have been combined, which
givesamean annual temperature of 2.35" [— i^.^7 C], u^pendent on observations for part of six years in a mean latitude of
78°. These means indicate a decrease of i.i"> [0.6° C.J for each degree of latitude to the northward. This ratio of decrease,
extended to the north geographical pole, would result in an annual mean of — 10° [ — 23°.3 C. | for that point. While this mean
would not be far from correct if the North I'ole is surrounded by land of considerable extent, yet it can be considered only
as approximate.
ANNUAL FLUCTUATION OF TIIK TK.MI'KRATURK OK THE ATM(JSI'11ERE.
The annual fluctuation is shown in detail by Table LXXII, and is graphically reproduced by the following chart:
Chart No. t).— Annual Jluituali«ns of air at Fort Conger. ^—4-81° 44'
AUO. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. J»N. rto. MCH. A"!). MAY JUNE JUL* AOO.
- M
♦ K,
-
-
m
/^
■^
ai
\
/
f
-
ao
\
/
a.!
\
/
""
20
- \
/
„
!.'•
■
\
10
-
\
_
5
ralir. 0'
5
-
\
.
\
10
-
\
/
-
15
-
\
/
2U
-
\
V
/
"
2S
-
^
s.
/
.
su
-
\
/
3.1
-
N
\_
/
_
40
-
-4ri
-
-
3"C.
o°c.
- 10
- IS
- 20
At the mouth of Smith Sound the highest mean occurs in July, as at Conger, bufthe lowest mean falls in February, and
at Point Barrow in December.
'I'he maximum monthly mean at Fort Conger, 37.08° [2.82° C.|, occurs in July, and decreases steadily until in February
the lowest mean, —40.13° [—40.07° C.J, is reached.
by decades, Table I. XXI, the decrease and increment between the second decades of July and February are also strictly
regular, being almost uninterrupted.
The greatest monthly decrease, 24.76° [13.76° C.]. from September to October, is coincident, as would be expected, with
the departure of the sun for winter, but the greatest monthly increase, 27.63° [15.35° ^-J' '^^""^ April to May, lags behind the
returning sun fully two months. In both cases, however, the rate of increase or decrease is grer.eU in the third month of the
movement.
The greatest difference between the monthly mean temperatures at Fort Conger and those near the mouth of Smith Sound
is found, as might be surmised, during the absence of the sun, for which period it averages about 7° [4° C.J, reaching its
maximum difTerence, 10.3° [5.7° C], in February. The average difference during the presence of the sun is about 2° [1° C.J,
the least being 0.3° [0.17° C] in August. This is to be expected, owing to the very low temperature, about 30° [—1.1° C.J
of the sea, as well as the great amount of eternal ice over the adjacent land areas, which keeps the temperature near the
freezing point.
The range of summer and winter mean temperature for latitude 81° 42' is 66.7° [37.1° C.J, while that for 78° 12', at the
mouth of Smith Sound, is 60.7° [33° C.J. As Schott has already pointed out, the difference between extreme seasons gradually
increases northward along the west coast of Greenland. Taking Schott's figures for Upernivik, 47.7° [8.7° C.J, the increase
northward for each degree of latitude does not vary much from 2° [1° C.J.
"K ■t'i
it
■rkA
i
I.; i
"I
.11
i!
\(
! I
if
'!)
i
i
1
-/.
•
i'.ji
t
' "i
li
11
4
232
TUE LADY FUANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
MEAN TEMPERATURK RANOES.
Table LXXIV, — Monthly rant^es of mean temperature at Fort Conger.
0- +81044' A=.: -64045'=: 4I' 19"'
Month.
i88i-'8a.
l882-'8j.
15.69
19.78
26.67
27-47
37-36
19. 18
38-36
45.58
26.74
32.07
9.51
•3-36
i87S-'76.
Mean, three yean.
Fahrenheit.
Centigrade.
10. 09
13.02
20. 00
19.17
21.83
"5-99
22.82
23. II
20.66
16.95
9.96
5.41
August
September..
October
November..
December . .
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
18.77
27.61
32- 78
.?o. 55
27.51
30.29
37-73
20. 6)
41. 79
25-03
29.60
9.52
20.05
22. 92
48.55
45-50
53.00
37-85
47- '7
53.21
43-02
34. f)0
14. 67
6.34
18. 17
23. 44
36.00
34- 5'
39-29
28. 78
41.08
39.80
.!7 18
30- 5 >
"7-93
9.74
The monthly range of mean temiierature — that is, the diflference between tlie highest and lowest daily means — is the
greatest, 41.1° [22.8° C], in February, from which it uninterruptedly decreases to the minimum in July, 9.7° (5.4° C.J.
The introduction of the Enghsh observations of 1875-76, while generally increasing the monthly ranges, does not change
the maximum and minimum as determined in 1881-83.
Schott has shown that at Port Foulke, i86o-'6i, the greatest monthly range, 41° [22.8° C], was in November and the
least, 19° [10.6° C], in July.
The observations at Conger confirm the observations at Port Foulke for July, but render it quite certain that November
was accidentally the month of greatest range in i860 at Port Foulke, as December was at Discovery Bay (Fort Conger) in
1875-
The greatest and least monthly ranges at Fort Conger were noted by the English expedition, 53.0° [29.4° C.J, December
1875, ^"d 6.4° [3.6° C.J July, 1876. From 1881 to 1883 the greatest month's range was 45.6° [25.3° C.J in March, 1883, and
the least, 9.5° [5.3° C.J, in July, 1882, and June, 1883.
The absolute range of the daily means, 1881-1883, is 105.65° [58.7° C.J, from —57.55° [—49.8" C.J February 13, 1882,
to 48.10° [8.90 C.J June 30, 1882. The absolute range is further increased to 112.48° [62.5° C.J by considering the mean
temperature, —64.38° [—53.5° C.J, recorded March 2, 1876.
The mean daily ranges of the temperature of the air at Fort Conger are given below.
'1'abli; LXX\'. — Mt(t/i liaily raiigcSy i88i-'83.
^ = + 81044'
-64° 45'
.411 19"
.Month.
Range. '
Month.
Range.
Fahrenheit .
Centigrade.
Fahrenheit.
Centigrade.
August
September..
October
November . .
December . .
January
7 56
10. 20
II. 78
14.86
13.20
12.24
4.20
5-67
6.54
8.26
7-33
6.80 '
February . .
March
April
May
June
July -
11.72
16.51
17.00
8. 10
8.50
6.51
9-17
9.44
7-39
4.50
4-72
It appear? that the mean daily ranges run in a double curve throughout the months, with the principal maximum, 17.0°
[9.4= C.J, in April, and minimum, 7.6° [4.2° C.J, in .\ugust. It is interesting to note that both extremes occur during months
when the sun was almost constantly above the horizon.
The mean daily range for the first year was 12.3° [6.8° C.J, and for the second 11.5° [6.4° C], with a grand mean of
1 1.90 [6.6° C.J.
"^^^
THE LADY 1-KANKLIN JJAY EXPEDITION.
233
The fi)ll()wing table shows the highest and lowest temperatures observed at Fort Conger, and also the absolute ranges
for each month of the year :
Tahlk LXXVl. — Absolute ranges of temperature at Fort Conj^er {\%ii-'j^, 1881-83).
« = -t-8i"'44' A = - 64° 45' = — 4'' 19""
Month.
1881 and 1883.
1882 ami 1883.
Max.
Date.
August
Seplemhcr .
October
November .
December .
January . . .
February . .
March
April
May
June
July
45' 9
30.0
9.0
3.0
10. o
9S
10.0
7.0
«3-9
35-8
S3. 0
50.3
I2lh
4th
3<1
2(1
2(1
l6th
2Slh
21st
15th and
1 6th.
29th
3otli
1st
Min.
Date.
Range.
15.6
3i»t -
30-3
— 10. 4
30th..
40.4
-3>.«
18th..
40. 1
— 43-0
30th ..
40.0
- 52. 2
20th..
42.2
- 58- 2
loth .
48.7
62. 1
3'! --
52. I
46. 8
2Sth..
39. 8
-42. 1
3d-.
56.0
I. I
nth..
34-7
12.7
.Vi —
40.3
30.0
12th..
20.3
Date.
I
47.8
27.4
14.0
- I. I
55
18.0
S-o
20.0
6.6
2ISt .
5ih..
1st ..
iSth.
2bth.
,5th..
2 1st .
14th.
29th.
32.3 22(1 .
19-6 17th.
52.4 1 2th.
i
Min. Date. Kange
22.
o.
-23.
46,
43
SO
56
49
-37
31st .
2lst .
19th .
2(;lh .
)lst .
■|6th
27th.
1st ..
3'l -.
13.0 1st ..
22. 7 2(1 ..
29. 3 29lh .
37
4-1
49
32
5> 5
69.1
43-9
45-3
16.9
23 <
1875 and 1876.
Max. Min. Range.
4«.
43-
21.
19.
26.
«3
2.
8.
«3-
33.6
41. o
46.3
26. o
2.4
— 39 o
— - 46. o
1 - 54. o
— 63. o
— 62.0
-70. 8
-42. 5
20. s
39.6
15.0
40. 6
60. s
65. .
SO. 0
50. o
64. o
62.8
55.5
I 54..
Absolute
range.
Fahr.
32.2
53-4
60. 5
65.0
80.0
53. S
64. 1
C.
17.89
29.67
33-61
36. II
44.44
29.7a
35 61
90.8 50.44
56.4 3«.33
56. 3
40.3
23.1
31.28
22 39
12.83
The greatest absolute range in any month is 90.8° (50,4° C.) in March, and the least 23.1° (i2.8» C.) in July.
The extreme teiii])eratures ol)ser"e(l at Fort Conger, 1881-83, were 53.0° [ii.7°C.] June 30, 1882, and* —63.1'
[— 52.8°C.J on February 3, 1882, making an extreme range of 116.1° [64.5° C.j.
On June 29, 1882, on the shores of Lake Hazen in the interior of Grinnell Land, a temperature of +73 f + 22.8 C.J was
observed, and on March, 1876, a minimum of —70.8° [—57.1° C.] was recorded at Discovery Bay (Fort Conger). This makes
the absolute recorded range at Fort Conger 123.8° [68.8° ('.], and for the adjacent country 143.8° [79.9° C.]. The absolute
range at Van Rensselaer Harbor is 117.4° [65.2° C.J, and for the adjacent country 129.4° [71.9° C.J
The absolute range at Fori Conger may seem large, but it is e.xceeded in the United States at nearly every station in the
Missouri, Upper Mississippi, and Red River valleys, and in the northern Rocky Mountain region, t
DIURNAL AMPLITUDF OF TEMPERATURE.
The observations of H. M. S. Discm<ery (at Fort Conger), 1875-76, being four-hourly, were not sufficiendy frequent to be
of value in discussing the diurnal amplitude. The daily range at Fort Conger as determined by hourly observations, 1881-83,
is greatest in .\pril, 9.01° (5.0° C), and diminishes quite regularly to its minimum value, 1.15° [0.64° C], in December.
Chart No. 10. — Annual inequality in diurnal amplitude of temperature
at Fort Conner, iSSi- Si.
0= + 8l°44'
JAN. FEB. HCH. APR. MAY JJNL JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN.
-5°C.
0''C.
*'rhis reading was made from a strictly comparable and properly exposed thermometer, 4 feet [1.2"'] above the harlwr Hoe, at the same time
that the thermometer 40 feet [12.2'"] above the sea in the instrument shelter read - 62.1° [—52.3° C.].
fAt Fort Benton, Montana, the absolute range is not only 167° (92.8° C), 42.6° [23.7° C] greater than at Fort Conger, but it occurred within
eight months, from —59° [—50.6° C.J December 29, i88o, to 108° [42.2° C] August, 1881.
«1;!
m
I,
i!
I
^
IS
r^w
(
i
1
rrpi 1 '
1
;
i
' i '
^ 1
i )
9
8
234
TUK LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXrEDITIUN.
Schott, in disrussing Hayes' observations at Port Fouike, page 185, says: "The great rise in spring is due to the Imme-
diate effect of the sun fif/ore it has jjowcr enough to melt a sufficient ((uantity of it e to check it. • • A more full material
for (iisrussion would probaMy bring out a small increase in the range late in summer or early in autumn, at a time when
the freezing process again comes into powerful action. Of such an increase we have at present only a trace."
Ihe greatest <liurnal amplitude occurs in April at Fort Conger, as well as at Van Rensselaer Harbor, Thank (Joil Harbor,
and Floeberg Beach, at which stations, being tiot dissimilar in location, and of greater latitude than I'ort Fouike, the sun
comes and the i< e melts correspondingly later.
A corres|ionding " increase in the range late in summer" comes as ])ointed out by Schott, l)eiiig naturally earlier at the more
northerly station than at I'ort Fouike. That it is not mure marked results from the speedy departure of the sun when a period
of accidental variation begins.
I'he following table of diurnal amplitude at Arctic stations has been collated:
Tahle LXXVH. — Diurnal amplitude of timpiraturf at—
Fort Roe.
Jan Mayen.
Sapnstyr.
Pt. Harrow.*
I'ort
Port
Van Rensse-
Thonk God
Ft. Conger.*
Floeberg
Month.
Kennedy.
Fouike.
laer Harbor.
HarlKir.
lieach.
^^+62»39'f-^H-7«'"oo'
0
9 +7«°«7'
^ 4-73°oi'
^ [-78° 18'
r +78"37'
«- f«i''38'
,^+8l»44'
^=:+8a''0'
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
January . .
February .
6.05
2-39
6.61
3- 70
1.41
143
•55
2.02
'■23
1.98
S.22
3. 20
2-57
3-43
1.49
4.34
3- 07
1.84
2. 06
2.65
March . . .
J. 94
1.04
2.68
2.0J
9-55
8 87
5.66
2.63
3.02
5- 24
April .. ..
2.0«
0.76
1.71
2.86
7.42
5.42
9.09
7.94
9.01
6.70
May
3. II
1. 12
1.96
1.24
7-94
6.44
7.34
S.26
7.10
S. 14
June
.?.37
'•73
0.9S
1.72
9.60
4-99
5. to
2.3a
4.08
2.94
July
5. 61
2.09
2.70
•■73
6.97
4.26
337
1.71
3- 10
2.55
August . . .
9.S5
0.97
8.39
6.20
2.63
3- 03
5-3°
7.09
2.62
Septemlwr
October . .
9.00
8.55
2.38
11.92
8.30
2. 04
1.83
5- 55
1.03
2. 00
4 37
8. 10
6.71
2.18
2.24
1.67
0.24
'•47
1.76
Novenil)er
744
2.58
4.66
4-75
2. 17
••55
1.00
1.48
1.51
2.1s
December
6.78
2-95
4- 72
5. 60
0.84
0.18
1.6s
1.67
1.19
1.99
•Two Years.
The Fort Conger minimum occurs in December, being in agreement in time with Port Fouike, Port Kennedy, and Point
Barrow. The lowest amplitude at Floeberg Beach, in October, being calculated from bi-hourly observations, ii, not strictly
comparable with the other months during which hourly observations were made.
At other Arctic stations in the above table the minimum amplitude occurs in November, except at Sagastyr, where it
appears to occur in January.
There is no doubt that the time of the maximum amplitude depends on the percentage of cloudiness, and the June
amplitude of Port Kennedy, which equals that of April, occurred during a month of unusually clear sky.
THE DIURNAL FLUCTUATION OF THE TE.MPERATURE.
The mean diurnal fluctuation of the temperature at Fort Conger, 1881-83, is given in the following tables for each mailp
of the year, during the absence of the sun (one hundred and thirty-five days each year) and for the whole period.
d
< ■ -
THE LADY FKANKMN HAY KXI'KDITIOK.
235
0
1.98
2.65
5.24
6.70
5. 14
2.94
2-55
2.15
1.99
;h moi. h
Table LXXVIII. — Diuriiai inrutlion oj Umpfntture, deduced from ohsenuitions ut Fort Conner, from August 5, \%ii,to
August /^, i&ii, i>u/nshr,
I''or each month for the whi le pcricxl, ami diirini; \\w iilftcnco <if ihc lun (135 ilayii each year).
^ |Si°44' < —64" 45' — 4i' i.r
Waiihin^liiii
incaii lime.*
Aiij:.
0
Sept.
0
Oct.
0
Nov.
0
Dec.
0
Jan.
l-'il).
0
Mar.
0
April.
0
May.
0
June.
July.
0
0
I a, ID.
— I- '3
-0.78
0.86
0.79
-0.06
0.04
—0.68
-0.74
4 3'
3.67
2.04
-'•.!S
2 a. ni.
1.07
-•05
•73
8S
— -.U
.62
- 92
-1.07
4.75
i- "3
2 06
1.48
3 a. 111.
• HS
- .90
■54
•58
. 10
- .48
-••OS
1.27
3^99
3. (>2
"■99
—'•32
4 a. Ill
• 05
• 47
.44
.40
- . II
.01
1.19
1.09
—.V 79
i-f-o
1.83
- 1 . 22
S a. Ill
- .67
- •SI
.26
.oT)
- .34
- .26
- .84
1.3S
— {. of)
-2.80
-1.49
1.20
6 a. 111-
■M
-.62
.28
• "5
.06
- -35
•.S6
—I. 20
-2. 32
-1.88
-1.30
— .81
7 ft. 111.
- "S
-•25
.49
- -44
.08
- ^34
- -07
1.02
1,02
- ■SS
- 52
- SS
8 a. ni.
.01
- 23
—
.02
- 32
— .16
- . 18
■ 15
.87
- ^17
- .09
- 27
- 3'
9 a. 111.
.41
•43
—
.46
- .66
- .34
.11
,02
- .16
.90
.q6
•23
•'7
10 a. 111.
•43
I. 16
. 20
- .29
- .08
.07
- . 12
■52
2.17
1.40
•83
■.S3
II a. 111.
1.05
1.88
•OS
- ^49
- ,01
.30
.01
■ 4»>
3^ 34
2.43
I. 12
.76
Noon _ .
1.28
1.80
■ OS
■ .30
- .04
•2t
■OS
1.62
3- 52
2.S7
1.66
1. 17
I |i. Ill
'•23
1.48
—
• 31
- . 12
■ 41
. .06
1.67
4.26
2.94
1.70
l.4(.
2 p. 111.
I. 17
1.27
• 1'
■29
.81
- .08
. 16
..48
4.00
3.22
■ •93
162
3 P- '"
I. 17
.9»
-
•48
.22
.40
.04
•24
1 ''3
4.21
3.43
2.02
'52
4 1). 111.
1.07
.68
-
.61
- .04
.24
.40
•43
'• ■',
3.26
2. 'J
1.68
1.40
S P- "'
.So
-.33
-
.06
- -n
.05
•30
•54
.82
2.81
2.40
••34
1.29
6 p. Ill
•55
- -37
-
.22
- .04
. 21
.61
.41
.45 '-86 1
2.07
.90
.98
7 p. 111.
•3'
.62
. 21
■17
— . 21
•45
.29
••7
.81
1.24
.69
•59
V> p. ni.
.06
•92
--
.22
- .02
^ . 18
.26
.61
- .40
. II
■ .?8
.28
■'5
9 p. m.
• 53
.64
--
•OS
- .01
- . 21
•07
•5>
.02
- .62
- .43
- .16
- ^34
10 p. m.
.91
- .77
-
•.32
.16
.22
- .09
•54
- -25
1.76
-1.47
- ■ 50
- ■.'!7
1 1 p. Ill
'•25
•94
. 10
.07
- 29
•55
•SO
■33
2. 64
1.96
- .83
-1.04
Miilii'l .
Daily ran(;e,
1.34
1.02
• 17
.26
- .16
■38
.87
.78
2.89
2^55
1.26
1 . 40
l8«l-'83 .
2.62
2.90
I
•47
'•5«
MS
'•23
2.06
3.02
9. 01
7.10
4.08
310
Centigrade .
'•45
I. 61
.82
■84
.64
.68
1.14
1.68
5. 00
394
2.26
1.72
Annual mean.
'
Annual mean.
Washiiigloii
time
mean
»
270 days.
Washington
time.*
neaii
270 days.
1
Kahr.
c.
Kahr.
C.
0
0
0
'
0
0
0
I a. m
0.09
-1.08
—0.60
I p. m.
0.05
••23
0.68
2 a. m.
— •
18
•3
IS
-1.28
— I. 20
- •?'
- .67
- .62
2P
■? n.
m.
.06
.04
1.26
••23
1.05
70
68
3 a. m
m.
4 a. m
— I. 12
4 p. m.
■ ■5
58
5 a. ni
29
— 1 . 02
- ■s?
■ — ^4'
5 p. m.
.04
.81
45
6 a. m..
«5
in
- .74
- .36
- ^24
i 6 p. in.
■ 25
.62
34
7 a. m. . .
— . 20
.it
■ 30
— .01
'7
01
8 a. m
— .
22
— •«3
8 p. in.
•17
—
9 a. m.
M
. II
.06
Q p. m.
. II
— . 21
12
10 a. m
1 1
•57
•9^
•32
•54
10 p. m. 1
•15
± .DC
-- ^49
' - ■??
27
43
II a. m.
07
1 1 p. m.
—
Noon
'J.?
I. 15 1 .64
Midnight ...
1
......j
■3;
- 85
47
" To rci ' ce to local mean time add ^9"
The extremes are twelv'* lioun. apart anfl have substantially the same value, the maximum hourly temperature being
1.26° [0.70° C.],at 2 p. m. and the lowest, — 1.28" [ — o.7i°C.],at 2 a. m. The whole fluctuation, 2.54° [ 1.41° C], is extremely
small, especially as Fort Conner is not situated near any extensive body of water.
During the presence of the s'ln hours of ma.\imum range in different months, from 11 a. m. to 4 p. m., but the minima
occur more regularly from 12 p. m. to 2 a. m., except March, which falls later.
As can be seen from the above tables the thittuation during the absence of the sun is entirely accidental. ,
flti I
1 i
' =i
236
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
The following diagram shows the curves for the total period, during the absence of the sun, and for the month (April) of
greatest fluctuation.
Chart No. ll.—Aftan diurnal fluctuations of temperature, iy departures, at Fort Conger, iSSl-'Sj.
Washington mean time. To reduce to local mean time add 49'"
2 A. ■ 4 IS S 10 Vi 2V. M. t « 8 to 12
Futir.
— Complete period.
, During absence of sun
[135 dayj yearly].
^jApril; month (if great-
est variatiun.
,.—■■' \ _
/ S
' _ __ \
/
1?-C.
1?1C.
o'c.
inc.
•ir-jc.
RAPID FLUCTUATIONS OF TEMPERATURE.
The following table, origina'iy prepared at Fort Conger to check erroneous readings of ten degrees, is presented as of
interest in showing the comparative freedom of Fort Conger from violent changes of temperature.
The most rapid fluctur.tion was a rise of 30" [16.7° C] in sixty-seven minutes, from 6 p. m. to 7.07 p. m., February 16
1882. The reading at 7.0- p. m. was verified by me.
These great changes of temperature are most frequent in March, and are almost unknown from April to August. As
might be expected, sudden falls are more frequent than rises.
Table LXXIX.— Tempetature changes of <f and m'er in one (i) hot^r.
0 = + 8i°44' ?.=- — 64°45'= ^4!' 19""
Dales.
1881.
Aufjust
Time. '^*'"" I Wind,
perature
Time.
perature.
I
September 10
3 a.m.
September 20 10 a. m.
1
October |
November 13 .
December _ .
7.9
3-7
NW.,4. 4 a.m.
Calm. II a. m.
19.4
12. 9
4 p.m.
-26. 8 E., I. '5 p. m.
-37.8
i 18S2.
[ January 10 9 a.m. — 57.2
January 16 11 a.m. —23.4
January 23 lo a. m. — 40. 2
January 23, 24 .. Midn't. 28.8
Cal.ti. 10 a. m.
I
■;\V., 13. Neon.
-48.2
-«3«
Wind. Rise.
N.,S.
E., 2.
Fall.
Remarks.
li.S ....
9.2
Calm.
February 16 _ •<
6 p. m.
9 p. m.
-54- «
-45.0
NE,4.
Calm.
NE., I.
Calm.
II a. m.
I a. m.
7 p. m.
10 p. m.
—29.4
NK.,4. 1
., -392
Calm.
-43- 9
NE., I.
-.«■ 3
i
NE., I. !
Calm. 9.0
NK.,32. 10.3
10.8
10. 2
II. 7
Greatest + 7.5° [+4.17 C] from 2 to 3 p. m. 5th.
Clouds broke away temporarily.
Severe storm. Barometer fell .41 inch [10.41"""] in
eight liours.
Rise of .02 inch [o.Si"""] in barometer. Tempera-
te ture at 3 p. m. — 0.1° [ — 17.8 C.], first reading
j below zero [— 17.8° C.].
-i Temperature rose 8.5° [4.72 C] 9 to 10 a. m. isth;
I barometer falling slowly.
II. o ! Temperature at 3 p.m. —34.0^ [ -36.7° C.]. Ha-
j rometer steady.
i Temperature rose 8.5° [4.72 C] 5 to 6 p. m. 19th;
barometer falling very gradually.
Barometer rising slowly; but ) temperatures above
- 50.0° [-456 C.].
. Violentstorm. Barometer fell .741 inch [18.83"""] in
9 hours. NE. 63 miles per hour [29.1"' per second].
Harometer falling steadily.
Thennomcter No. 707 in open air .it instrument shelter
rose from — 58.0° [ — 50.0 C] .it 6 p. m. to — 40.5'*
[—40.3 C] at 7 p. m., and — 39.0° [-39.4 C] at
7.02; riseof 19° [10.56 C] in 62 minutes. No. 726
on Hoc rose but 3.2° [i 78 C] in same hour, as shown
by readings made five minutes later in either case.
No. 707 indicated a fall of 11.0° [6.1 1 C] since
7.02 p. in. Mercury thawed for first time during
month shortly after midnight.
10. 4
:in '1
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
237
Table LXXIX. — Temperature changes o/^° ami over in one (i) /tour — Continued.
Dates.
Time.
Tem-
perature.
Wind.
Time.
Tem-
perature.
Wind.
Rise.
Fall.
Remarks.
1882.
0
0
0
0
February ?8
4 p. m.
—46.0
Calm.
S p. m.
-3f.6
Calm.
9.4
Bi.rometer rising slowly. Temperature fell 5.s°
[3.06 C.J from s to 6 p. m.
March 12
4 a. m.
- 9.6
Calm.
S a. m.
-18.8
E.,4.
9.2
Barometer rising slowly.
March 14..
7 a. m.
-3S-3
Calm.
8 a. m.
-45-3
Calm.
10. 0
Barometer rising slowly.
March 24
2 p. m.
-25. I
Calm.
3 P- m.
-37-6
Calm.
12. s
Barometer risiiig slowly.
Aprils
1 1 p. m.
—22.6
E., 5-
Midn't.
-33-9
E..4.
"•3
Br-ometer stationary.
April IS
10 p. m.
+ 9.6
NE., 13.
1 1 p. m.
- ••7
S.,3.
"•3
Barometer falling .23 inch [s.S4"""J since i a.m.}
from 10 a. m. stationary.
April 16
4 a. m.
Zero.
Calm.
5 a. m.
+ 9-6
Calm.
9.6
April 21 _.
3 a. m.
-25.9
NE.,I.
4 a. m.
-16. s
E.,2.
9-4
Barometer falling slowly.
May
Greatest +6.8° [+3.77 C] from 4 to 5 a. m. 3d;
barometer rising slowly; 4 a. m.,NW., 3; 5 a.m.,
E.,7; 7 a. m.,S., 15. 1
June
(Ireatest -+-6.1° [-[-3.39 C] from 9 1., 10 a. m. 7th; ■
barometer falling slowly; 9 a. m., N., 2; 10 a. m., ,
.
SE.. 2.
Tulv
barometer rising slowly; 8 a. m., S., 2; 9 a. m.,
SE.. 14.
August
Greatest change— 5.4° [ — 3.00C.] fromgto loa.m.
lst,and + 5.4° [+ 3.00 C] from 10 to 11 a.m. 21st.
September
Greatest change — 5.0" [—2.78° C] from 11 to 12
p. m. 30th.
__._.
October
Greatest change —5.9° [ — 3.28° C] from 10 to T-
p. m. 22d.
November 13
10 a. m.
—21.4
1 1 a. m.
~ ^l
17.7
Followed the next hour by a rise of 17.4" [9.67° C.].
December 7 --
II a. m.
3 p.m.
-33-8
—20. >
Noon.
4 p.m.
—20.8
-30 5
13.0
10. 0
December 24
7 p.m.
— 20.9
8 p.m.
— 11.6
9-3
I6S3.
January
Greatest change -7.5° [—4.17° C] from 9 to 10
p. m. 2 1st.
February 14
10 a. m.
-45-2
II a. m.
-3^-9
«2-3
Followed the next hour by a rise of 8.1° [4.5° C.].
Marchy
4 a. m.
—II. I
5 a.m.
—21.2
10. 1
Followed the two succeeding hours by -f 2.7°
[-f 1.50° C], and — 10.3° [-5-72° (-■]•
March 8
6 a. m.
" 8-5
7 a. m.
4-3-3
II. 8
March 14
8 p. m.
—14. 1
9 p.m.
+ •■4
ISS
Followed in succeeding three hours by changes of 1
+ 70° [+3-89° C.], -i.o^ [- o.se'C], and
+ 9.2»[+5°.iC.].
March 31
II a.m.
-'5'
Noon.
— 0.9
.
14.2
Followed the next hour by a fall of 9.3° [5.17° C.].
April 20
May
9 p.m.
- 9-5
10 1 m.
•-'9-9
10.4
Greatest change — 7.0° [—3.89° C] from 10 to 11
p. m. 17th.
June
Greatest change -fS-S' [4-3.22° C] from 4 to 5
p. m. 2d.
July 12
10 p. m.
49.2
II p. m.
39-7
9-5
I 1
ml^
^■1 1! !
m \-
238
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
The following table perhaps conveys to many the character of the weather as rcganls temperature belter than any other
could :
, '\K\\\.v^\.yjyiYi..— Hours of tatipcrature at Fort Comber.
/:=-64''4S' =
0=8t°44'
4" 19"
Month.
i88l-'82.
i882-'83.
Above
32°.
388
0
0
0
°
0
0
0
17
45'
732
0° to 32°.
268
588
105
0
0
0
0
•0
205
T-1
269
12
lielow
zero.
0
132
639
720
744
744
672
744
5'S
0
0
0
Frozen
mercury.
0
0
0
18
■38
397
5f-7
98
10
0
0
0
.Above
32°.
f)00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
419
671
0° to 32°.
Relow
zero.
<■
0
595
720
737
744
672
720
68s
105
0
0
Frozen
mercury.
0
0
0
43
299
434
57
0
0
0
0
August
September . .
October
November . .
1 )eceml)er .
lanuary
I'ebiuary . . _
March
/ pril
May
lune
July
Year
144
720
149
0
7
0
0
24
35
63S
301
73
1,588
2,174
4,910
1,228
1,691 2,091
4.978
869
MOISTURE OF THE AlK.
The absolute humidity in English inches and the relative humidity are given for August 5, 1 881, to include July 31, 1883,
Ri dings were made of the wet-bulb thermometer four-hourly only, from the fact that hourly readings were not advisable
the first year, and later, from the conviction that the observations were practically valueless.
The wet-bulb thermometer waG only coated from time to time, as its practically undiminished covering of ice gave testi-
mony, corroborated by other experiments, to the almost absence of evaporation during winter months.
Whether owing to the illstruinental errors not elimin ited by tests or from actual causes, the wet-bulb readings were for
days higher than those of the dry i3ulb. Such readings have bc.'n entirely omitted and may be known by blanks.
The patent Klinger^isser 'lygrometer furnished tha expedition proved utterly worthless, as shown by experiments made
within and without door.. cui<ler widely varied conditions.
The cause of the wet-bulb thermometer-; reading lower than the dry, is uncertain. It seemed possible that in many cases
the film of ice, which covered the wet bulb, made the mercury or spirits of wine expand more slowly to the changes in tem-
peratures, but such rcasoninn; could only apply in one direction.
Prof. II. A. Hazen, in Professional Paper XVIII, has given another, possibly the correct solution, the compression of ice
on the wet-bulb, which, by hi.: experiments, was found to be as much as 0.5° [o.28°C.] at zero [ — 17.8° C.J.
Tothe.se two causes, added to the extreme diftlculty of determining the instrumental error to 0.1° [0.06° C], may be
ascribed the frequency with which :he wet bulb read higher at low temperatures than the dry bulb.
I: \
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
239
ice nave testi-
AUGUST, 1881.
Table LXXXL — Absolute ami relativf humidity of the air at Fort Conger, August, 1881.
Washington mean lime. Kediice to local mean time by a<Uling 49'"
Hygrometer alrave surface of ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters].
^ = + 8i°44' A. = — 64''4S< = -4''«9"'
in many cases
Ihanges in tern-
Date.
3 a. m.
7 a. m.
II a. m.
3P
m.
7 p. m.
II p. m.
Daily means.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative. Absolute.
Relative.
.
2
\ . .
A
I ::::::
7
8
9
10 ._
11
12
«3
14
IS
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3«
Means__.
•139
. 162
.151
. 122
.116
.168
.158
.187
. 201
.172
.171
.170
•17s
•139
.119
.104
•i.M
■131
.n9
.129
. 122
.116
. 112
. 120
. 112
. 106
.116
72
77
78
70
62
81
73
73
70
67
74
73
80
74
77
U
78
75
82
86
79
80
88
i
80
•177
.158
.170
•155
.158
•'75
.162
■ 175
.194
.194
.179
.163
.164
•137
•134
■115
■154
•143
.147
■ 134
.117
.119
. 120
.109
.117
• "7
. 118
80
86
83
80
76
69
70
70
71
71
75
71
87
88
85
77
82
87
77
77
88
82
72
72
86
.170
•175
.168
.150
.149
•'73
..58
. 164
, 206
.171
.197
.172
.161
.156
■ 143
• 134
.167
.ISO
. 146
• 134
.129
.134
.128
.114
.126
.126
.119
75
71
75
77
74
79
74
64
72
65
83
71
72
7'
86
87
85
77
76
85
84
71
81
77
71
71
■/7
.214
.209
.■83
.170
. 146
.172
.179
.219
.192
.171
.183
.186
•175
• 153
133
.1-28
.165
• '49
■ '49
■'34
• 130
.124
■'37
. 110
.128
■'33
.104
72
7'
79
86
76
75
75
74
70
65
7'
72
7'
70
81
76
81
81
83
87
84
73
86
77
76
81
7'
.165
.168
■ '45
.178
. 146
.180
.177
• 214
.182
.198
.183
.178
. 164
.162
.124
■ 139
.162
.142
•'33
.124
. 122
.114
■'37
. 114
.127
.ns
.090
78
11
77
72
80
72
72
64
68
68
72
75
77
82
81
77
8^
81
84
82
77
86
78
82
82
75
.150
■'49
•'34
•'32
.158
.162
.196
.200
. 222
• 183
. 196
.183
■'43
■'37
. 120
.142
■ '36
. 146
■ 130
.124
"4
.120
..36
. 117
.IIS
. no
.083
77
74
73
76
83
77
82
68
75
7'
79
80
73
76
88
85
77
86
81
87
77
77
87
82
82
77
84
. 1692
.1702
•'585
.ISI2
■'455
.1717
.1717
.1932
•'995
.181S
.1848
•'753
•1637
•1473
.1288
. 1270
•1530
■'435
. 1400
. 1298
■ 1223
. 1212
■ '283
.1132
. 1208
.1178
. 1050
75^7
73-2
75.2
78.7
75- 0
78.7
75-3
70.0
70.2
67.7
74.3
73-2
74.3
73^ 2
83^5
83-3
80.2
80.2
79.7
85^ 3
81.7
n-1
84.7
80.7
77.0
11-1
78.8
. 1400
767
. 1483 78. 2
.1526 76.0
.1584
76.4
■ '514
76.6
■ '457
79.0
.1494
77.2
I W'
I' ,
# J
240
Date.
4
S-
6
7-
8.
9
lo .
II
12 .
«3
14
•S
l6.
•7-
i8.
19
20 .
21 .
22
23---
24...
25...
26...
27 ..
28..
29 ..
3°--
Means..
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
SEPTEMHER, 1881.
Table LXXXII. — Absolute and relative humidity of the air at Fort Conger, September, 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49""
Hygrometer above surface of ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters].
^ = -f8i''44' ;i --= - 64° 45' 4i> 19"'
3 a. m.
7 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
3 P- ">•
7 p.m.
II p. m.
Absolute. Relative. Absolute. Relative. Absolute. Relative. Absolute. Relative. Absolute. Relative. Absolute. Relative
.072
•093
.076
.061
.090
.078
.094
.088
.079
.049
.063
.082
•073
.060
.070
.045
.071
.069
.069
.058
.030
•033
•034
.044
■039
•039
81
79
82
72
86
82
81
85
82
76
80
82
83
82
81
67
83
83
83
81
95
83
90
88
100
100
.061
. (12
.091
.094
.094
.078
.085
. 112
■093
.084
.097
.065
.076
.059
.064
.067
.049
.064
.066
.058
■045
.032
.029
•043
.040
■031
98
.046
.047
.036
82
75
75
75
87
86
82
86
81
7«
80
70
69
73
83
70
82
80
82
7«
100
86
95
86
.105
.124
93
93
80
.124
.094
.090
. 109
. 112
. 106
. 100
.090
.090
.068
.082
.078
.099
.071
.069
.058
.062
.038
•035
.045
.050
.038
•034
.050
.045
.040
•053
78
87
87
81
81
80
89
83
84
75
81
80
85
83
75
83
82
83
77
79
83
88
87
95
95
9'
.114
.108
.114
.128
.090
.084
.084
.069
.080
.072
.098
.069
.094
.078
.076
.068
.07.
.045
•033
.032
.043
.048
•039
■o,?4
.052
78
80
77
87
81
81
83
84
80
82
81
83
80
81
82
82
83
83
76
77
72
82
91
100
100
92
.108
.098
.091
.087
.084
.074
.099
.079
.065
.072
.072
.082
.065
.082
.070
062
.067
.065
•o5i
•035
.042
.036
.048
• 037
.040
•035
.056
79
.041
79
.049
98
.032
100
• 034
00
.052
97
.050
83
83
79
86
78
80
87
82
80
81
87
80
80
88
85
80
85
80
89
95
95
96
76
87
icx>
93'
ICX>
93
95
9>
.098
.081
.088
. 106
.079
.086
.094
.081
.058
.062
.081
.076
.058
.066
•054
.072
.071
.068
.050
.031
•035
•033
•043
.040
•033
•039
.052
.048
•033
.048
83
78
81
89
74
86
86
85
81
80
80
81
77
80
70
87
89
80
78
98
95
9«
79
95
9«
98
92
80
95
86
•0637 83.9 .0667
81.9
.0744
84.4
.0707
83.9 .0646 ^ 86.5
.0621
84.8
Daily means.
Absolute. Relative.
. loiS '
.0992
.0926
. 1000
.0858
.0828
. 1015
.089s
.0768
.0767
.0738
.0840
•0653
•0747
.0695
.0672
.0687
.0680
•055s
.0462
•0550
■0330
.0427
.0432
.0378
■0353
.0525
.0458
.0412
.0478
80.8
80.3
78.8
82.7
81.2
82.7
83.::
85.2
81.2
79.0
80. 5
79-5
78.2
81.5
80.7
76.8
84.2
81.3
81.8
84.4
90. 2
85.2
85.0
89.0
97.2
97.7
93-8
84.8
96-5
90.8
.0665 84.5
THE LADY FKANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
241
Daily means.
bsolute.i
1
Relative.
• loiS
.0992
80.8
80.3
.0926
. 1000
.0858
.0828
. 1015
78.8
8J.7
81.2
82.7
83.::
.0895 \
.0768
.0767
.0738
.0840
85.2
81.2
79.0
80. s
79-5
.0653
.0747
.0695
.0672
.0687
78.2
81.5
80.7
76.8
84.2
.0680
.0555
.0462
.0350
.0330
81.3
81.8
84.4
90.2
85.2
.0427
.0432
.0378
.0353
.0525
85.0
89.0
97.2
97.7
! 93.8
.0458
.0412
.0478
! 84.8
'■ 96.5
; 90.8
.0665
; 84. 5
OCTOUER, 1881.
Table LXXXIl I.— -//'W/z/f <f//</ nUilirc ImmUity 0/ Ihc air at Fort Coit^cr^ Octolh-r, 1S81,
W.nshingtoii mean time. Kcilucc to locil menu limi; hy adiling 49"'
Hygrometer above surface of grouiul, 5 feet [1.5 meters].
0 = + 81° 44' /. = — 64' 45' =. ^- 1 9".
Date.
Absolute. Relative. Absolute,
3
4.—
S
9
7
8
9
10
II
12
»3-
>4
«S
1 !6.
i '^'
18
•9
20 .
21 .
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Means..
J a.m.
7 a. m.
•053
.049
.047
.026
.022
.029
.037
.042
03'
.023
.023
92
87
74
86
100
86
8S
79
91
78
.008
.019
. (X)6
.013
.010
.011
.018
.036
.025
.017
.022
.027
.052
.024
•03s
.026
•034
•027s
44
79
39
67
80
82
84
96
64
77
78
7«
92
78
95
78
95
95
.052
.059
.042
Relative.iAbsolute.
.020
.023
.038
.046
.014
.036
.0.34
.023
.009
.015
. cx)6
.018
.007
.CIS
.019
.030
.022
>i8
I
^32
030
"33
■034
.0279
94
76
78
79
94
62
9«
100
100
47
79
45
84
64
79
84
83
82
77
81
83
85
78
66
100
IOC
100
.052
•053
.041
.029
.023
.028
.034
.045
.025
•033
.024
.019
.009
.014
.008
.006
.013
.004
.018
.024
.022
.024
.023
.023
.027
.031
.023
.037
•^33
.028
.024
J p. m.
7 1'-
Relativ'..'Absolute. Relative. Absolute. Relative. Absolute.
•0257
92
87
98
86
82
100
76
93
78
100
78
79
56
85
46
43
59
92
86
78
90
78
78
90
83
78
95
100
80
82
79-7
.052
.056
.031
.022
.025
.021
.052
•043
.032
.028
.026
.017
.013
.013
.018
.cx)8
.010
.009
.010
.020
.022
.022
.022
.040
.027
.026
• 037
.031
.028
■ 031
. 0264
94
92
90
86
82
89
93
89
80
9'
77
85
83
84
70
68
57
69
83
78
• 043
.051
.022
.022
.046
.028
.038
.030
.022
.007
.010
.015
.011
.014
.007
.009
.026
.026
.017
82
95
86
78
98
100
80
icx>
85- 3
78
80
82
78
80
7'
100
100
82
40
58
79
68
69
47
78
78
83
■043
.048
.022
.021
•034
Daily means.
Relative. Absolute.! Relative,
I
78
80
90
86
95
• 047
.026
• 034
.022
.020
.011
.031
.008
9'
19
.041
95
• 033
100
.040
98
.029
.028
too
80
.024
86
.0251
78.5
.007
.014
.007
.oil
.014
.026
.oya
.021
.021
.030
•034
.028
.042
.030
.031
•033
.027
. 0266
93
78
95
82
82
47
78
49
90
85
78
95
95
82
79
87
80
95
100
100
83
100
'^3-2
.0492
.0527
.0366
.0245
• 0243
.0246
■ 0423
.0383
.0290
. 0298
.0248
.0205
.OIOC
.0108
■ 0137
.0085
.0125
.0080
0128
.0222
.0293
.0218
.0198
.0260
.0278
.0368
.0300
• 0348
.0305
.0305
.0290
.0262
88.0
87-3
90.0
87.0
86.8
84.8
83.7
84.7
85.8
90.6
85.2
89.0
57-5
63.8
6g.o
57-2
71. 2
70.7
73-7
79.8
85.3
82.0
78.5
81. 5
74.2
86.8
84.5
92.0
96.3
86. 3
93-8
iii'
:l': , ''.
U. Mis. 393, pt 2 16
I m
( .
M'^i
242
TUK LADY FRANKLIN 15AY EXPEDITION.
NUVKM15KK, 1881.
TACLii LXXXIV, — Absolute and relative humidity of the air at Fort Conger, Noiie:nber, 1881.
^Vasl^ingtoll mean tinii;. Kciluce to local mean lime by aiUlim; 49'"
Hygrometer above surface of ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters],
^^4- Si" 44' A - — 64°4S' =— 4I' 19'"
Date.
3 a. m.
7 a. 111.
1 1 a. m.
3 P- '"•
7P
m.
1 1 p. m. ] )aily means.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
.031
.027
.021
.022
.019
.031
.022
.021
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
II
•OJI
.028
.O.i2
.02J
.014
. 020
.024
.023
.014
100
9'
100
78
78
76
100
78
7'
.025
.018
.027
.023
.009
.023
,019
.022
.oil
91
91
100
86
66
71
84
78
59
• 034
•034
100
100
100
86
82
90
84
too
78
82
.028
.029
.022
.017
.o?9
.023
.022
.017
.007
.008
.004
86
9«
82
77
79
86
78
77
77
72
25
.032
9'
.0280
91.7
.02I
.011
.027
.021
.022
.010
90
61
86
86
82
68
.019
.016
.026
.022
.021
.007
84
7'
78
82
82
50
.0208
.0147
.0250
.0217
.0210
84.2
73-3
82.8
84.7
79.8
.008
70
5
12
1.5
.cx)S
.004
46
26
.010
89
.005
.020
35
82
.004
.018
26
84
.003
.018
.005
.005
.019
.0.3
5
92
46
36
79
68
.005
.008
.011
.006
.018
.011
24
49
90
47
84
52
16
'7
18
19
20
21
22
.005
.005
.012
.008
. 006
.008
30
36
100
59
43
44
.014
78
.0138
69. 2
.005
. 009
.013
.009
.005
46
56
85
59
44
. 004
.006
.006
.003
. 009
22
43
43
•4
100
.006
.o.'6
.012
48
34
66
.0063
.0110
.0102
49.8
59-2
59.5
24
.006
59
.006
48
25
26
.005
46
.004
18
.003
6
.005
43
27
. 009
100
1
1
lAULi: LXXXV.— DECEMBER, 1881.
! I
S
I
.003
.017
8
82
2
.022
82
■X
.005
.018
.006
28
84
44
4
.011
.011
90
90
.014
. 014
. 007
.004
85
100
59
16
.017
77
5
9
.008
50
.007
46
10
13
14
22
23
. 00(1
.008
.006
47
80
47
.009
.009
.002
. tK)()
. 006
68
88
"46""
47
.010
.008
89
80
.004
18
.007
. 006
.008
. 006
62
49
47
. 006
.009
.006
.007
41
72
48
50
.004
22
.004
23
24
2S
. 006
47
.004
.005
21
28
26
27
31
.«>5
.OI.I
100
.005
34
.003
8
.004
22
.048
29- 3
.008
71
•o<3
100
1 )aily means.
Absolute. Kelativc
"0280
"cfV.'f
.0208
.0147
.0250
.0217
.0210
84.2
73- »
82.8
84.7
79.8
.0138
69.2
.0063
,0110
.0102
49.8
59-2
59- S
1
1 1
.048
29- 3
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY UXPHDITION.
JANUARY, 1882.
Table LXXXVI. — Absolute and relative humidity of the air at Fort Coiif^er, January, 1883
Wasliington mean time. Kciluce to local mean linir liy adilinj; 49'"
Hygrometer above surface of ground, e feet [1.5 meters],
^ -r -f 8i° 44' A .= — 64° 45' _- — 4I' 19'"
Date.
3 a. m.
7 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
3 1'
Absolute.
m.
7 !>. m.
1 1 i>. ni.
liaily means.
AI>solute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.'Absolute. Kelativc.
1 1
Relative.
Absiolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
1
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
.oil
78
2
3
.012
.006
92
48
.005
.010
ii
92
.004
38
.00/
•9
100
5
.oos
3S
1
1
""
.005
.022
35
100
.6
1
.013
76
1
Taijle LXXXVII.— FEHRUARY, 1882.
1
2?
.008
59
.009
.006
53
52
.018
\fiO
1
1
1
26
.006 52
1
i
Table LXXXVIII.— MARJH, 1882.
I
.013
78
.005
36
2
.003
8
6.
.oil
100
0
.011
.009
.019
.004
.006
100
68
70
18
57
.009
.013
.019
.011
.008
80
72
81
lOO
80
10
.013
.Q20
.008
85
90
45
.007
.CIS
• Oil
.003
.006
.005
.021
SO
62
68
S
46
27
74
.008
.021
.007
.006
.003
.008
.020
46
86
59
50
II
S2
82
li
12
18
.016
.027
86
91
.0183
.0113
79.2
''3-5
19
20 .
.004
21
.003
11
'1
.014
.008
.025
70
45
86
.018
.006
83
48
21
W .
.025
100
.028
95
.0180
74.0
3«
,022
86
.019
83
.019
79
.011
61
■:M!
I I
• ( <
244
THE LADY I'RANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
APR 1 1,, i88a.
'r.Mtl.E T-XXXIX. — Ahsolutf and irlutivf humidity of the air at Fort Con/^rr, Aprils 1882.
Washington mean lime. Reduce lo local mean time by adding 49">
Hygromclcr aliove .surface (tf ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters],
Vi -f 8l''44' ?. -= -64''4S':.^-4'' 19"'
Hate.
i
3 a. ni. 7 a. m.
1 1 a, in.
3P. m.
7P
m.
II p
. in.
Ilaily
means.
Absolute.
. 006
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative, Absolute.
Relative.
84
72
72
37
69
66
100
83
88
62
72
89
65
85
82
u .
77
94
66
69
82
95
80
95
95
62
Absolute,
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative,
48.3
5
6
43
.009
44
.019
.009
.012
.012
.038
.021
.071
.036
.042
.030
•034
.066
.027
.029
.027
.024
.01/
.064
•033
.0^6
.049
.042
.027
.031
.030
.028
.013
.004
.011
.032
.042
.022
.051
.034
.042
.030
.028
.067
.040
.029
.024
58
22
52
5s
64
79
79
82
65
57
87
82
79
74
.007
.006
.005
.044
.023
•037
•037
.027
.028
.031
SO
46
24
82
64
85
76
66
79
79
.003
. 009
II
So
.0095
7
.006 , il
.048 74
.022 . 82
.039 87
1
8
9
10
II
12
13
14
IS
16
'7
18
'9
20
21
22
23
24
25
^(i
27
28
29
30
.014
•053
.019
.047
.025
•037
.031
.022
.031
.021
.020
.024
.019
.006
•039
.060
•034
.049
.023
.023
.CIS
.018
.020
78
85
69
91
86
85
87
74
87
86
f'3
82
84
43
85
85
83
72
78
82
84
83
69
.023
.042
.024
.050
.035
.044
.040
■033
.048
.024
.024
.024
.02I
.COS
• 054
• 057
• 034
.04S
.024
.023
.019
.018
.032
82
82
86
82
95
9«
95
87
^5
69
78
78
74
28
89
79
87
85
74
78
68
63
87
.0288
.0367
.0270
.0505
.03«S
.0360
.0322
70.8
77.8
76.2
88.0
81.2
83.2
79.8
.032
.023
.031
.028
78
74
91
68
.026 71
.044
.023
.020
.022
.023
.065
.042
•057
.028
•035
.019
.026
.028
.046
88
78
85
95
78
93
77
98
68
87
64
82
69
78
.029
.024
.014
.012
.029
•053
.031
•053
.024
.013
.020
.021
.024
.040
9>
86
62
76
79
85
79
85
74
48
76
76
74
72
.0308
.0248
.0222
80.2
78.2
77.2
.024
.060
.051
.052
.046
■ 043
•034
■037
.040
.038
86
82
78
87
83
98
87
95
87
75
.0173
•0558
.0457
•0443
.0407
.0300
.0243
•0253
,0263
.0340
88.0
g:i
77-3
80.0
78.8
83.3
73-8
( I
i
li
TUE LADY FllANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
245
I )aily ineaiKs.
Absolute.! Relative.
.0095 48.3
.0288 i 70.8
.0367 1 77.8
. 0270 76. 2
.0173
65.2
.055s
88.0
.0457
V-i
• 0443
84.8
.0407 j
77-3
.0300
80.0
• 0243 ;
78.8
•0253 1
83.3
.0263
7S.5
•0340 1
73-8
I )ate
I
2
3 ---
4
S --
6.„.
7 ---
8 ....
9
10
MAY, 1882.
Table \C.—Al>soliitf and relativf humidity 0/ the air at Port Coiif^cr, May, 1882.
Washington mean time. Kediicc (<i local ini.an time liy addiiiy; .yf
Hygrometer above surface of ground, 5 fcit [1.5 meters].
^ -r + 810 44' >. — 640 45' ^^ — 4'' \(f
II
12 .
•3
14 .
«S
16
'7
18
«9
20
21
22
23 - —
24 ....
25 — -
26....
27 ....
28....
29---
30 ....
31 ....
Means.
3 a. m.
I
7 a. ni.
3 P- '11.
Absolute. Relative., Al)S()lulc.i Relative. Absolute.] Relative. Absolute., Relative,
7 V >ii-
1 1 p. ni.
I tally iiR'ans.
•043
.051
.079
.079
.049
• OS4
.072
.069
.047
.046
.044
.056
.071
.068
• 037
.083
.064
.056
• 073
.098
• 03s
. 100
.064
.080 i
.061
.114
. 126
.128
.116
.088
78
80
83
82
80
82
83
87
80
85
8S
87
85
80
S«
85
82
74
82
84
36
85
82
85
78
83
83
78
84
85
.046
.061
.124
.089
.054
.064
.079
.072
.049
.048
.046
• 057
.083
.084
.068
.082
.066
.076
.072
.088
. 109
.090
.lis
.072
.082
.090
.125
• 137
•155
. 109
.090
• 0833
76
85
87
81
82
82
80
85
82
80
83
83
88
84
78
88
78
80
81
85
88
85
86
83
86
81
83
84
83
86
75
82.8
• 043
• 073
.115
.082
.061
.069
.090
.050
.04s
.049
.U47
■053
.089
.072
.072
.064
.072
.081
.070
.081
.132
.107
. 104
.078
.088
. too
. 129
. 146
■ 152
. 104
.092
.0842
64
78
79
70
78
68
71
59
62
82
69
70
82
76
67
74
73
81
68
74
82
82
82
78
82
73
76
77
77
83
73
74-5
.058
.074
.oto
.084
.072
.082
.085
.056
.047
•054
.056
.051
.097
.084
.086
.051
.082
.086
,087
.081
• 130
. 102
. 108
.103
. 101
.116
.130
.130
.154
. 101
.087
•0855
67
78
75
74
78
66
75
72
64
73
85
72
84
74
75
62
79
81
72
68
84
75
86
82
75
80
78
67
78
83
75
75-4
Absolute. Relative. Absolute.
i I
•053
.080
.086
.066
.080
.080
.084
. o6c'
.Oj2
.052
.1164
.064
.091
.094
.092
.070
•'>53
.051
• "59
.056
.108
. no
.083
.098
.083
.092
.136
••33
•«37
.094 j
.0S6
.0822
Relative. Absolute. Relative.
74
.C49
77
.^-^n
69
.0/2
82
.056
88
.06;
77
• 073
79
.062
83
.050
75
• 043
75
.054
97
.053
82
.071 j
85
.078 !
88
.072
81
.097
87
1
.067
85
.077
74
.078
85
.084
74
.085
i 81
.085
1 «s
.108
77
.07S
83
.085 :
82
.080 '
1
71
.099
87
• '34
73
• «37
74
.130
81
.087
1 79
.085
80.3
.0795
78
80
70
82
85
80
85
82
79
81
85
91
80
87
86
82
83
89
85
8i
86
85
84
84
84
75
87
82
86
85
79
82.8
.0487
.0690
.0820
. 0760
.0628
.0703
.0787
•0595
.0472
.0505
.0517
• 05S7
.0848
.0790
•0753
.0695
.0690
■ 0713
•0773
.1103
.0920
.0980
•"833
.0857
.0930
.1280
.1348
• 1427
.1018
.0880
72.8
79-7
77-2
78.5
81.8
75-8
78.8
78.0
73-7
79-3
84.0
80.8
84.0
81. 5
73- o
79-7
80.0
.0811
77-5
77-3
84..'
74-7
83-3
82.0
82.3
76.3
82.3
77-7
79-3
83-7
77-7
79-4
%
f
6' ; 1
I
iii;
246
TIIK LADY FKANKLIX HAY EXIMODITION.
JUNF,, 1882.
Tabi.K XC;I. — A/iuiliitr and relalivi' humidity of thf air at Fort Conger, yune, i88j.
. , Wasliinglon mean lime. Reduce to local mean time liy adding 49'"
Hygrometer above surface of ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters].
9 -|-8l«44' >. -64° 45' . — 4'> Kj-n
3 a. ni.
Dale.
1 -..
2 ....
.1 ---
4 -.-
5 --
6 ...
7 .....
8 ...
9...
10 . .
11 ...
12 ...
13 - -
14..-
iS -
16 ...
17 ...
18 .._
19...
20 ...
21 ...
22 ...
23 ...
24 ...
25 ...
26...
27 ...
28 ...
29 ...
30--.
Means
Alffiolutt
.077
.078
.069
.088
.094
.084
.087
. 121
. 132
. 146
■130
• 145
■ 143
. If)8
.158
. 165
.151
.128
• 133
.143
.145
• 203
.185
.181
.178
.185
, 200
,218
1456
Relative.
81
81
80
82
72
«3
83
84
X3
78
83
77
78
79
85
85
84
86
82
78
76
80
87
80
72
80
81
70
82
7 a. m.
79.8
Absolute
.083
.079
.077
. 124
. 112
.089
.084
•123
.130
. 120
. 121
.149
•ss
•'73
. 164
.170
.136
•'32
.142
. 148
■ 149
•213
. 200
. 1S9
• 183
. 190
.183
.289
•213
, 212
1511
Relative. Absolute.
82
77
81
76
86
84
73
80
82
77
78
81
81
86
85
83
78
85
83
77
73
73
80
80
76
80
72
88
68
79.6
097
096
085
124
to8
•03
I20
106
168
I.U
156
'59
'55
170
168
162
'38
130
'75
163
168
200
181
'77
192
'94
190
217
214
219
Relative
'556
76
78
77
81
80
82
77
70
82
68
82
78
76
84
84
86
78
82
79
83
74
84
87
75
81
74
67
63
79
58
3 ]). m.
Absolute.
.098
.088
. 100
. 121
. 120
.III
.142
•'54
•'39
. 140
. 160
•'55
• '54
. 180
. 164
.176
• '35
.'38
.182
•'55
• '77
.208
. 200
.187
.'77
.189
.188
.211
.188
. 210
77^5
1582
Relative,
7'
79
78
7'
82
85
87
86
70
f^l
77
83
69
84
85
86
87
87
83
77
80
80
89
7'
69
66
66
64
61
57
76.6
7 p. m.
AI»olute,
09s
083
091
120
III
III
121
114
'37
'37
146
148
'63
170
165
165
'3'
142
'55
'5'
171
184
IQ2
183
190
'83
178
21!
'85
208
I
Relative, 'Absolute.; Relative, 'Alisolute. Relative
76
82
72
81
80
90
74
<^'7
71
74
79
77
80
84
87
«5
84
86
79
76
76
79
87
80
80
80
62
f'7
61
64
1514
77-3
089
078
092
"4
082
094
126
121
125
124
148
152
'52
164
168
161
126
'34
146
'49
'73
200
'85
«8j
'77
182
'74
206
'95
190
1470
81
81
77
82
81
81
87
77
66
66
78
82
73
84
89
87
81
87
78
76
72
73
80
78
85
77
56
74
67
'■>3
77.3
I
.0837
.0857
. 1152
.1045
.0987
• ^ni
.1232
.1368
•«33S
• '435
• '5'3
•'537
. 1708
.1645
.1665
• '3f'2
• 1340
•'555
• '515
.1638
• 2013
.1985
. 1840
• '833
. i860
.1830
.2223
. 2022
. 2082
'5'S
77^8
79-7
77-5
78.8
80.2
84.2
80.2
77^3
75-7
71.7
79-5
79-7
76. 2
83^5
85.8
85.3
82.0
85. 5
80.7
77.8
75-2
78.2
85.0
77.3
77^2
76. 2
07^3
71.0
72.3
62. 2
78.0
Daily means.
VUoliiteJ Relative
.089S
77.8
.0837
79-7
.o«57 i
77.5
.1153
78.8
• I04S
80.2
.0987
84.2
.1133
80.2
.1232
77-3
.1368
7S-7
■>33S
7"-7
• '435
795
• iS'3
79.7
.1537
76. 2
.1708
83-5
,164s
8s. 8
.1665
85-3
. I3''2
82.0
• >340
S5.S
• '555
80.7
.'S«S
77.8
.1638
75-2
. 2013
78.2
.1985
85.0
. 1840
77. 3
.1833
77.2
.i860
76.2
. 1830
67.3
• 2223
71.0
. 2022
72.3
.20S2
62.2
■ 'S'S
78.0
Date.
TUH LADY IKANKLIN UAY liXl'EUlTIOX.
JULY, 1.S82.
Table XCII. — Absolute and irLUhf hiimidily oj tin- air at Fort Gnuirr, yiily, 1882.
Wnshinglon mean time. Kciliicc to lor.il mean tiiiu' Ijy aililiiij; .|i)"'
Hyprometcr alnive surfacr (-f t;ri)iinil, 5 feci [1.5 meters].
^ .-■-|-8i0 44' X . — 04»45'- — 4I1 nr
247
I
2
3 ---
4 —
s — -
6....
7....
8....
9....
10
II
12
13 --.-
14 ----
15 -.--
16 ....
17 . ..
18....
19..-
20 . ..
21
22
23 — .
24 ....
25 — .
26
27-...
28 ... .
29 ....
30 .—
31 .—
M :ans .
3a
Absolute.
.209
■n.
Kelative.
66
7 a
m.
It a
. m. \
Absolute.
Relative.
Abtolute.
.185
Relative,
,218
63
77
•«7S
87
.17S
89
.188
92
•«7S
87
•'75
86
•'77
83
.K.S
«4
. 164
89
.167
82
. 164
84
•'59
75
.180
74
.182
"7
. 190
69
.180
72
.183
'•7
•'75
72
.190
64
.184
70
.'«3
75
. 198
«5
• '75
83
•'59
70
.170
93
.162
95
.167
74
•'79
81
.161
87
.\bo
85
.163
89
.'44
84
•'55
92
.16S
9'
.170
84
.168
85
•'59
74
.190
87
.186
9'
.192
88
. 200
82
. 190
81
■'94
82
.183
76
.187
7'
•'94
73
.183
88
•'75
86
•'94
83
.177
9'
.200
86
.198
72
•'74
87
.166
84
•'77
83
. 164
85
•'59
82
.176
68
.170
90
.170
87
.176
80
.171
«7
•'75
87
•'77
76
.170
87
.170
89
■'75
86
•'75
87
•'77
88
.188
79
.187
90
.180
84
.185
84
.'94
86
.207
90
.180
70
'63
76
.189
76
.165
77
• '59
74
• '77
74
.162
74
.156
85
.168
88
• '73
86
•'73
86
•'75
89
. 164
84
.103
84
.161
82
.161
82
• '742
833
. 1762
81.9
•'785
80. 1
,! |i. "I-
7 [1. m. II |i. m. I Daily niiaiis.
' I
Absolute., Kelative. Absolute.! Kelalive, Ahsulute. UL'Ialivc.
, 20()
,187
, 180
, l(>l
■'73
.187
, 192
, 1 86
. 162
■'75
•'5'
.161
•'57
. i.SS
.184
• '83
.182
. 206
.187
•'79
.171
•'74
•'79
.184
.197
.209
.168
• '54
.18S
. 164
.165
1787
89
86
78
69
70
7"
74
77
78
79
84
74
61
90
7'
86
85
85
77
80
75
75
88
78
75
77
82
70
87
81
69
•'94
, 1 68
,171
■'59
■'73
■'74
■223
.189
■'79
.161
•'75
• '56
.183
.184
.191
•'73
•'77
•'99
•'75
.170
• '77
.178
.186
, iSi
• '63
•177
• '47
. 164
.176
. 162
• '45
78.1
'752
88
81
83
77
ri6
57
81
67
79
79
96
84
76
93
73
76
90
89
86
87
88
87
86
88
7'
73
62
80
90
81
74
.'85
87
.'83
89
.167
87
•'59
80
..76
7')
•'73
67
.i,S3
7'
.184
78
. 162
88
80.3
'5'
,151
,142
,178
,181
,178
,181
• 175
.187
■'73
■'73
,171
.'75
,178
.182
. 190
■ '73
, 140
. 162
.171
.165
■ '34
,1704
78
«4
70
77
84
73
87
93
83
89
89
84
87
89
89
3i
80
63
82
90
78
74
Si. 6
. 2000
• 1798
.'742
. 1625
. 1708
. 1810
. 1910
• '873
. 1678
. 1658
. 1602
•'538
. 1692
.1868
•'895
• '835
. 1810
• '945
•'753
. 1702
.1725
.1750
■ '763
.1812
•'837
. 1900
. 1620
• '630
.1715
. 1672
.1548
'755
78.3
87- 3
84.0
80. 2
74.7
68. 8
7'-5
75^3
81.8
81.0
87^5
82.5
76. 2
SS. 8
77.0
78.2
«7^5
8 »• 3
84-3
81.8
84.0
83.2
87. 5
84.8
80.8
79-3
72^7
75-7
87. 7
83.2
77.5
80.9
'I !l
m I
s^.
^^
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
-^
1.0
I.I
■it Uii ■2.2
£ us no
IL25 II 1.4
ilBH
U4
<^
^
Hiotographic
Sciences
Corporation
^^
4^
o
^.
v\
23 WIST MAIN STRKT
WfBSTM.N.Y. 14580
(716) S72-4S03
'^
248
THE r ADY PIlANKLlN BAY EXPBDltlON.
Date.
AUGUST, 1882.
Table XCIII. — Absolute and relative humidity of the air at Fort Conger, August, i8Si<
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adiling 49'°
Hygrometer above surface of ground, 5 feet [1.5'"].
0 = + 8l'>44' X =— 64''45' = — 4''l9'>>
3 a. m.
Absolute, Relative.
Absolute. Relative. Absolute. Relative.
I ....
a
3 —
4 —
5 .. ..
6...
7 —
8 ....
9.-
10 ...
II
12
13 --
14 —
15 -.
16 ...
17 —
18 ...
19 .-
20
21
22
23 ...
24 —
25 ...
26 ...
27 ...
28...
29 ...
30-.
3" ...
Means
•S3
>S9
«73
ISO
190
177
165
149
170
168
183
169
160
«S6
161
<7S
173
187
198
202
183
«S4
158
160
«43
123
132
'34
120
>34
"3
1604
77
81
82
78
79
7S
8S
81
73
93
90
73
71
66
71
82
74
97
84
84
78
82
8S
84
74
73
8S
86
77
84
78
80. 1
7 a. m.
119
176
168
•SI
17s
183
163
«S9
162
168
200
200
164
«S9
190
197
19s
186
«9S
180
162
167
184
•54
•49
•34
•34
142
•34
124
125
164s
55
89
84
81
79
78
84
86
7^
93
87
84
73
63
89
80
84
93
77
84
66
73
90
75
77
75
84
85
77
82
86
80.1
160
162
•77
•75
188
187
162
164
'75
168
•75
162
164
164
•73
•99
192
•77
200
•95
161
•73
176
156
•5'
142
•43
140
148
•35
124
. 1667
77
78
83
85
78
83
82
80
68
93
61
63
67
63
76
70
92
89
76
88
54
75
90
72
85
86
88
74
86
87
84
78.5
3 p.m.
\bsolute. Relative.
, 172
,166
•73
.158
• 83
. 180
,16s
.163
.168
.166
.170
•'59
. 196
.187
.185
■175
.180
. 184
.211
•'97
.161
.169
•75
. 162
.165
.142
•39
. 140
•56
. 126
. 120
•67s
73
82
87
73
79
84
81
82
78
88
61
61
76
72
81
78
90
81
76
81
7«
74
89
86
87
80
86
88
90
81
83
7 p.m.
II p. m.
Absolute. Relative. Absolute. Relative.
80.0
,167
, 170
.168
,166
, 192
,170
, 164
• 75
•75
,154
,187
.•6s
.168
. 164
.•85
. 202
.184
. 184
, 200
.185
. 162
•54
.170
•47
•45
.130
.•38
• •S«
. 122
.III
, 164I
Daily means.
76
77
83
81
78
85
85
73
86
82
73
70
65
64
77
83
89
85
76
80
72
79
86
70
75
83
82
81
85
83
So
79.0
178
169
160
•70
192
161
•58
•72
•74
•83
•75
169
•59
161
181
176
'79
•75
196
•79
•52
•55
•7^
«i»4
•31
116
•34
•45
•30
114
112
86
80
83
88
80
80
95
73
93
93
75
75
66
67
78
87
90
88
80
79
79
88
88
75
83
77
86
89
82
82
86
Absolute. Relative
l6o|
82.3
1582
1670
1698
1617
1867
•763
1628
•637
•703
1678
1817
1707
1685
1652
•792
•873
• 838
1822
2000
1897
•635
1620
•723
•538
•473
1312
•358
•398
•398
1258
••75
,1639
74.0
81.2
837
81.0
78.8
80,8
853
79.2
78.2
90.3
74-5
71.0
69.7
65.8
78.7
80.0
86.5
S8.8
78.2
82.7
70.0
78.5
88.0
78.0
80.2
79.0
85.2
83.8
82.8
83.2
82.8
80.0
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
249
Daily means.
. Absolute.
Relative.
.1582
74.0
. 1670
81.2
.1698
83.7
.1617
81.0
.1867
78.8
.1763
80.8
.1628
85-3
■1637
79.2
.1703
78.2
.1678
90-3
.1817
74-5
.1707
71.0
.1685
69.7
.1652
65.8
.1792
78.7
.1873
80.0
.1838
86.5
.1822
88.8
. 200O
78.2
.1897
82.7
."635
70.0
. 1620
78.5
•1723
88.0
•«538
78.0
."473
80.2
.I3«2
79.0
.1358
85.2
.1398
83.8
•«398
82.8
.1258
83.2
.1175
82.8
.1639
80.0
SEPTEMBER, 1882.
Table XCI V. — Absolute and relative humidity of the air at Fort Conger, /tuj^ust, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce tn local mean time )iy .icUling 49"'
Hygrometer above surface of groumi, 5 feet [i.S"']-
^^ + 8i»44' X .— 64"4S' = — 4''«9"'
Date.
3 a. m.
7 a. m.
II a. m.
3 p.m.
7 |). m.
1 1 p. m.
Daily means.
AI>solute.
Relative.
A1)solute.
Relative.
.M)solute.
Relative. Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute. Relative.
,
.118
.124
■^33
96
99
95
.124
.128
.141
.142
• «34
94
98
96
. 122
100
2
•«32
"34
:;^
.116
.094
.087
.082
.083
98
99
100
97
^
89
92
95
97
3
4
.036
25
.142
.128
.126
.126
.108
.099
.100
.103
"3
98
96
95
99
98
9>
100
V
87
. 140
•3'
. 112
.117
. 112
.083
.083
.098
97
98
96
100
78
93
98
. 1210
853
1 ::::::
7
8
.136
. 120
.122
96
too
• «37
too
.1255
97.2
0
10
II
IS
13
.098
"23
.084
94
92
9i
.116
. 112
.118
.118
.092
100
90
100
99
ICX>
.098
.053
.116
.099
88
89
100
95
.109
100
. 112
IC»
«4
l«
. I02
92
.079
100
. I02
98
16
17
18 .
.078
.104
92
90
.082
.112
100
94
.095
.116
.088
.061
.048
98
96
100
100
2,'
. too
.108
9'
98
.118
.08s
:'£,
.104
•093
.098
99
90
89
100
95
75
95
. 112
100
.1117
96- 3
■ 9
.060
.084
?i
21
22
23
24
11:.::::
27
.088
.106
.102
.063
.070
82
?2
.094
.114
89
too
.!24
93
.116
.070
99
92
.1085
91.8
.083
85
.130
.126
96
•«34
.121
99
92
28
29
30
•«23
.120
100
94
.123
100
.096
72
.073
94
260
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
OCTOBER, i88a.
Table XCV. — AhsoluU and relative humidity of the air at Fort Conger, October^ 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean lime by adding 49'"
Hygrometer above surface of ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters].
0 = -l-8i'»44' Aa:— 64" 45' = — 4" 19'"
Date.
3 a. m.
7 a. m.
II a. m.
3 p. m.
7 p.m.
II p. m.
Daily means.
Alisolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
kclativc.
85
54
78
69
95
Absolute
Relative.
AlMolule.
.040
.061
.059
.024
.028
.032
.024
.025
.022
.042
.043
.030
• 043
.038
■037
Relative.
65
88
87
53
95
91
86
95
78
9'
85
91
85
9«
87
Absolute.
.036
.068
.051
.027
Relative.
63
98
87
62
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute
Relative.
I
2
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
«3
«4
IS
16
17
18
•9
20 ..
.066
.051
.046
.038
.034
.026
•033
.020
.024
.011
.040
.032
.044
.038
.044
•033
.027
.023
.012
89
87
64
77
95
91
100
69
86
36
79
9'
98
79
95
87
100
74
SO
.064
.037
•057
•03s
.044
.062
.066
.062
.046
83
93
85
.052
.059
.044
•034
87
82
82
87
•0533
•0570
•0532
.0340
78.7
83.7
81.7
72.2
.028
.031
.023
78
100
78
.026
.024
.024
.028
.048
.042
.029
.042
•037
•03s
.027
.023
78
78
90
91
91
79
91
85
83
91
100
100
.031
.024
.025
.022
.046
.033
•039
.038
.038
•037
.024
.024
.024
89
86
82
78
80
78
9«
79
87
95
90
100
100
.021
.021
.032
•037
.032
.040
.044
•039
.030
.016
.010
70
77
89
79
9«
100
95
87
95
71
34
.0230
80.7
•035
.038
•033
•039
•039
•039
.023
.018
.017
.014
.028
.OIC
.026
.029
.018
.009
.018
84
91
83
87
90
9«
82
92
77
78
86
84
78
100
92
47
84
:oSi
•0325
.0410
.0390
•0385
78. 5
81.8
89.7
89.0
87.5
91.0
.005
.016
.014
.028
.oil
.026
•033
.008
.018
19
7«
74
85
100
86
100
5°
77
.0188
80.3
.014
.013
.012
.013
.017
90
78
82
77
81
.029
.013
.022
.026
.oil
.014
.015
.022
.016
.020
.018
.031
83
69
86
86
78
^3
82 .
86
100
.032
.020
.025
78
95
82
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Means
.036
.021
.018
.020
.014
.016
.020
.020
.018
.011
.016
87
90
70
90
74
86
82
90
89
64
85
.0172
.0220
•0237
.0140
.0140
•0175
.0222
•0175
.0163
•0143
.0257
855
84.0
88.8
72.2
VI
87.8
9«-3
89.7
86.0
75. 3
94-3
.010
SO
.oil
.013
.017
.011
.014
94
100
71
.024
.023
.018
.016
.029
84
100
92
81
9«
.013
.013
.014
.024
85
79
75
90
.018
.013
.030
100
73
100
1
.0280
84.8
1
1
Table XCVI.— NOVEMBER, 1882.
T
2
3
4
5
6
.032
.018
.014
.018
.003
100
92
78
84
15
.027
.013
.Oil
.CIS
.006
86
85
82
.022
.008
.021
.019
90
50
100
83
.023
.013
.018
.019
100
85
77
83
.021
.013
.022
.014
.008
.007
95
92
90
85
69
50
.023
.006
.024
.013
.007
.007
95
34
100
85
69
50
.0245
.0118
.0183
.0163
94-3
73- 0
87 8
81.8
.004
.007
30
54
.Oil
.006
90
59
7
.006
42
.013
«s
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
251
[)aily means.
lolute
OS33
0570
0532
0340
Relative
0230
78.7
83-7
81.7
72.3
80.7
03S7
0388
0325
0410
0390
0385
0188
78.5
81.8
89.7
89.0
87.5
91.0
.0172
O220
0237
0140
0140
017s
0223
OI7S
0163
0143
02S7
80.3
85-5
84.0
88.8
72.2
79-3
87.8
9«3
89.7
86.0
75-3
94-3
0280 84. 8
0245
DII8
3183
)|63
94-3
73- 0
87 8
81.8
DECEMBER. 1882.
Table XCVII. — Absolute and telaiive humidity of the air at Fort Coiif^er, December, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 491"
Hygrometer above surface of ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters].
«=:+8l<'44'
X=r-640 4s'=— 41' 19"
Dote.
3 a. m.
7 a. m.
II a m.
3pm.
7p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Daily means.
Absolute.
Relative.
AI>solute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative. Absolute.
1
Relative.
AI)solute.
Relative.
Alisolute.
Relative.
1
i
.004
4«
3
■I
.003
30
1
1 :
.005
66
.007
100 .008
100
.006
73
.COS
.006
.004
55
70
43
4
1 ::::::
\
.006
.005
.004
60
36
.008
.006
100
62
.005
58
.007
74
.007
85
.006
69
.003
16
9
10
.007
86
.004
60
.008
.010
.011
89
100
76
.003
16
II
1
12
.006
61
.006
.003
IC»
9
•3
H
16
.004
.006
.006
28
61
48
.006
....
67
.005
.012
45
100
.002
.007
.006
7
86
54
.008
100
17
.008
100
.002
.006
7
59
18 ::::::
! 20 .
.012
.003
.012
85
16
too
1 21
.003
.24
22
: 2-1
.008
80
.009
100
1 4
.015
.049
.006
92
100
70
4
27
.035
95
.006
74
.006
.004
82
73
31
.005
66
Table XCVIII.— JANUARY, 1883.
1
3
3
5
.004
.007
.005
57
100
64
■ oil
90
.013
92
6
.012
100
.009
80
100
9
II
.009
.004
.005
100
4«
47
.007
.006
100
68
.006
.003
82
9
.006
■ 003
68 i
II
■ ""■ ----
.006
.006
61
77
1 12
.009
100
12
.003
1
; 13
---- --
.005
76
' 14
.004
45
15
.005
100
"7
20
.003
29
.006
100
.006
.008
100
100
21
22
2^
.005
.006
.009
49
82
100
.004
.007
.009
.006
.008
.006
.008
.00.S
27
100
100
100
64
58
80
80
.007
76
.007
.004
.010
85
45
100
.005
46
.009
100
27
28
29
30
31
.008
.006
.008
.007
.007
72
70
80
74
74
.008
.010
.006
.COS
.006
80
80
51
40
82
.004
.007
.006
34
^l
'S
55
.012
100
.007
69
.008
89
.0068
67.8
1
Hi
i!i
HI
'I'
il
1
252
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
FEBRUARY, 1883.
Table XCIX. — Absolute and relative humidity of the air at Fort Conger, February, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'''
Hygrometer above surrace of ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters].
^= + 81" 44' A = — 64''4S'— — 4'' 19™
Date.
3 a. m.
7 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
3 p.m.
7p. m.
II p. m.
Daily means.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Abftolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
8
.006
.005
82
68
9
.003
'3
10
II
.006
82
.004
31
u
'3
14
.008
.004
89
45
.004
9
.011
.009
90
89
.013
100
.006
.005
!i
.005
100
17 .
.005
78
18
.005
100
19
.006
'".017
.019
82
'"■70""
84
.on«
.018
.018
.018
87
92
70
83
.009
80
20
21
.008
72
.020
.019
""""76"
94
.021
100
23
.013
65
.021
100
.oil
90
.0168
86.0
Table C— MARCH, 1883.
3 ..
.004
39
.008
88
.005
49
.00s
.006
68
82
1
4
6
.006
82
.010
64
.023
.011
64
7
.007
67
8
9
10 ..
.020
.017
95
70
.041
87
.009
.005
.005
.008
.012
.010
7*
67
57
50
90
53
.013
.009
.018
41
;t
80
88
.005
57
.007
.COS
.011
.010
.012
IOC
28
58
68
58
.006
.005
.010
.oil
83
37
63
76
II
12
'3
14
.006
.004
.013
82
22
85
.020
90
.0110
58.3
.032
95
15
.024
.020
95
100
16
«7
18 .
.014
.018
7J
92
.019
.013
.016
.027
100
73
81
95
.023
!o28
.028
100
.013
72
.024
.032
9S"
89
100
75
.009
33
19
20
.016
81
.03I
95
22 . .
.014
74
.012
.029
.013
.011
.009
61
100
56
80
44
.023
95
23
*4
35
.023
.018
95
89
.026
.012
.025
.024
9«
61
100
7«
.016
.033
100
90
.021
86
.024
90
27
28.:
■035
.027
.029
95
68
74
.038
95
•035
87
20 .-
•035
.018
87
70
•033
.021
1^
\o .
.025
.014
65
67
.014
.006
44
24
3'
.016
100
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
253
Daily means.
jsolute
Relative.
0168
86.0
• '------
9IIO
58-3
APRIL, 1883.
Table CI. — Absolute and rtlative humUity of the air at Fort Conger, Afifil, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by addin); 49"'
Hygrometer above surface of ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters].
«--f8l''44' ;t-^ — 64'' 45'= — 4'| 19'"
Date.
3 a. m.
7 a. m.
II a. m.
3 p. ni.
7 p. m.
II p. m.
Daily means.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
ReLitive.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
I
.009
.009
.009
.016
.027
.017
.025
.018
.016
.010
.011
.018
80
100
86
100
92
9«
84
100
80
64
100
2
.011
.011
.019
5?
76
93
.
1 ..
.008
.009
.022
.003
.012
.015
.009
60
74
61
56
68
.009
.020
80
90
4
5
6
2::::::
0 .
.009
.016
.004
.016
.027
18
81
91
.016
.026
.010
.020
.oil
.008
.005
.016
.006
.008
.ou6
.009
.005
86
78
43
70
37
41
21
7«
24
40
33
44
28
.0148
81.2
.010
.025
.018
.012
43
T
%
.028
95
.0210
82. 5
.005
.007
46
69
10
II
12
«3
14
IS
16
17
.007
.007
.005
.004
.006
.oil
.011
69
84
24
«9
40
90
69
.005
.Oil
.009
.012
21
61
.004
«4
.004
.015
21
100
.0080
40.7
.008
.015
.015
.009
.014
.024
.024
.028
50
85
'2
48
61
86
78
100
.014
.017
100
too
.003
.006
.028
.009
.023
.013
.027
9
30
27
79
4«
100
36
7«
18
•9
20
21
.Oil
.023
.017
82
100
.011
.026
59
86
.023
.009
.016
.021
.018
.022
.02s
.029
.024
.044
82
27
65
77
55
64
59
71
68
82
.022
86
.0145
64.0
.009
.013
.019
4'
22
*3
24
.023
.021
86
86
.022
.013
.020
.020
.007
74
54
V^
31
.028
.031
■ 033
.026
• 037
86
87
87
78
100
.0217
73-5
25
1
.020
52
,022
.030
100
100
26
27
.022
9S
.040
.036
.043
•035
91
75
28
29
30
•039
•039
.024
100
100
9i
.032
•045
.025
79
65
.040
.027
79
55
■03s
82
•034
100
.0300
78.7
254
THE LAUY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
; i
•'' ^f
MAY, 1883.
Table Cl\.—Al>solute and relative humidity of the air at Fort Conger, Afay, 1883.
Wasliington mean time. Keilucc to local mean time by adUini; 49*"
Hygrometer above surface of ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters],
^ = -{-8l°44' X — — 64'»4S' = --4'> I9'n
Date.
3 a.m.
7 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
3 1>- m.
7p.m.
II p. m.
Daily means.
Absolutu.
Kclativc.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
1
2
.023
82
.024
.028
.013
.016
53
55
.040
.029
.032
.040
• 045
"79'
72
72
74
78
•039
•034
.027
.032
98
87
76
79
•03s
.030
.023
.027
.032
.027
87
9'
92
95
9'
55
.025
.029
.014
•018
.027
•OS7
.052
•'37
03
73
41
47
66
89
95
82
90
72
9i
92
3
4
s
6
.024
.022
.024
78
82
82
.0243
.0238
70. S
67. S
.063
80
80
.056
9i
7
8
•039
91
.082 1 80
.061
76
.062
96
0
.056
.068
.105
.082
.141
.130
.081
.099
.056
.076
.079
.168
.136
."32
98
82
l\
89
90
66
77
78
99
98
84
92
.083
.078
89
94
10
II
13 .
.061
.069
100
90
.063
"5
.091
98
82
1
1
.087
92
.084
•'39
.074
.083
98
100
96
l\ .
li .
.126
.081
.091
•073
.08s
.070
•'34
97
9i
84
84
M
94
.085
87
•s
16
•9
20
21
22
.080
.082
.062
•059
.069
100
98
90
96
96
.074
.086
.066
.oOo
.068
.092
.142
89
93
92
70
82
80
100
.081
.08S
.'49
.142
.132
.118
.106
.128
.128
.US
95
9'
79
96
99
96
100
96
95
99
100
99
.os8
.070
.084
100
.0660
.0725
.0755
87.8
85.3
79-5
. 104
100
•«34
100
93
.148
•'37
90
95
2t
24
• 134
.102
.099
100
96
98
25
26
27
29
30
31
.118
. 102
.106
.118
.078
.114
.116
89
94
94
99
86
92
97
.126
.114
•«'3
95
96
•'.34
.116
.127
. 122
.108
■ '35
. 140
93
93
too
100
92
95
94
. 121
.116
.124
•«39
.IIS
.140
•'39
94
93
93
93
88
94
99
.1198
.1088
938
93^ 8
.099
100
.096
.124
.163
95
94
97
•'32
99
THE LADY FBAKKLIN BAY EXPEOITIUN.
255
Daily means.
nolutc
. Relative.
0242
0238
70.5
67.5
3660
>725
755
87.8
853
795
98
>88
93^ 8
93-8
1
JUNE, 1883.
Table QWl,— -Absolute and relative humidity 0/ the air at Fort Conger, yune, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Hygrometer above surface of ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters].
^ = + 81" 44' X = — 64"* 45' =—4!' 19'"
Date.
3 a.m.
7 a.m.
II a. m.
3p.m.
7 p.m.
II p. m.
Daily means.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative. Absolute.
1
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
Absolute.
Relative.
1
.119
.'38
.194
.148
.146
.'34
.'35
.'43
..36
.150
.138
.161
.'43
.136
• '47
.15'
.'3»
.'34
.'49
.177
.15*
• '77
.165
.'77
.168
.171
• '54
.152
•'54
80
'^
83
i
69
79
85
86
85
84
68
78
P
64
74
55
75
89
72
78
84
79
.124
.140
82
93
.140
.'77
.220
.130
.'3*
.15'
•'3'
.136
.'30
■132
.142
.142
.'36
■'52
•'47
•'55
■«55
.129
•'37
.163
.160
'54
•«73
.148
■ 143
.163
•'59
•«43
.152
• '47
99
70
83
86
83
76
73
84
84
'^
75
^
63
65
76
'2
il
ij
79
83
81
7'
82
72
• '33
• '75
•'57
.119
.130
.'35
.124
.128
.116
• '34
• 136
.126
.126
.128
.141
• '43
•'55
•'34
•'49
.162
.150
•'54
• '45
.140
.161
.156
.151
• '54
99
98
8.J
73
11
84
86
78
79
f^
85
84
67
65
86
82
87
79
83
82
78
84
70
80
89
84
2 .
3
4
t ::::::
I::::::
9
10
II
12
'3
>4
M:::::.
17
.164
.124
• '3»
• «34
.130
• '30
.115
. 113
.'43
• 139
.'43
.124
.'37
.117
94
li
88
88
87
75
80
88
89
f5
65
80
79
.124
.'77
.136
..36
.140
■ '3a
■'33
■«34
.126
•'35
.'44
.148
. 123
•'45
.'34
.149
.163
•'3'
.156
• '54
.140
.168
•'34
.'49
.156
.172
.162
•'34
■ '55
93
1^
83
85
76
80
84
76
9'
l\
82
76
\l
76
88
80
78
87
65
79
82
63
87
•1455
94.8
.159
.'36
.172
.'3»
•'59
.142
.146
•'45
.146
.162
.127
•140
.162
.128
.136
• '77
• '63
•'57
.182
• '49
.148
.170
•'75
.'54
.'35
.160
70
5s
11
83
75
75
87
86
87
82
58
79
69
68
60
76
77
76
68
83
70
76
84
77
7'
63
76
.1360
• '3.33
.1463
.'305
.1368
.'283
.1310
.1418
• '392
. 1460
•'327
.1410
.'4'3
76.2
83.8
85.0
84.2
76.8
76.8
83.8
84.2
85.2
76.3
65.7
80.0
76.8
18
•9
20
21
22
«3
24
^1 ::::::
*7
28
29
30
Means ..
.136
.IJ3
:S
.143
.163
■'37
.146
.'SO
.167
.164
.140
•»43
76
83
87
65
83
76
87
.'368
•'365
•'595
.1613
,1498
.1678
•'455
.'500
.1613
.1662
•'555
.1440
.1532
72.0
76.8
80.7
80.5
78.0
82.2
72.7
78.3
81.5
83.3
78.7
73^o
80.8
• 150S
78.5
.1489
79^ 3
1. 417
82.3
.1466
80.4
256
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JULY, 1883.
Table CIV. — Absolute ami rrUitive humidity of the air at Fort Conner, yiily, 1883.
Woihiii^fon nican time. Reduce to local mean time by adding ^f)"*
II/Brometer above surface of ground, 5 feet [1.5 meters].
f^-J-810 44' X = — 64045'=— 4»' 19m
l>nily means,
o'ule. Relative.
'497
1725
583
59*
S90
693
795
roo
140
97
oS
57
23
'3
57
>7
i7
)2
«»-3
79- o
78.3
83.8
83.0
83.0
74.0
74.3
79- a
83- 7
79- 8
71.7
79- o
83.S
77.5
68.8
7a. 5
74- o
77.0
7*. 7
79-8
86.0
83.8
89.8
84. 3
83.0
80.8
79-8
7*- 3
66.3
78.4
H.lli8.3»3,pt2 .17
258
THE LADY FBANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
AUGUST, 1881.
Tablk CV. — Dirfction ami vflocily 0/ the wind, August, 1881.
Wwhington mean lime. Reduce to local mean time by addlDg 49**
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters],
f^ + 8l«44' a:=!-64»45'=:-4''i9»
(Velocity, mllm per houi.)
1 a. ni. 2 n. ni. 3 a. ni.
4 a. m.
5 a. m. 6 a. m. 1 7 a. m. 8 a. m. 9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
I |>. m.
2 p. m.
Dnti'.
Olrci'tlnn Direction
and anil
velo-.'ily. velocity.
Direction
and
velocity .
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity .
Direction 1 Direction
and 1 and
velocity. 1 velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
1
1 ' ...
2 .. !
"k .........
4:1.:::::.:
c
1 ::.::..:
7 1
1
8
0
1
1
10
1 -.
1
II
13
IX
\A . .
:::::::: ::::::i
'7
18
•9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
^1 ::::::
29 —
30
3«
Means
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond
n. 2
w. 2
se. 3
S. 3
0 0
SW. 2
ne. 2
0 0
0 0
SW. 4
0 0
e. 4
se. 10
se. 16
e. 1
ne. 4
ne, 10
0 0
w. I
se. I
». 4
s. 5
SW. 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
SW. 5
0 0
e. S
se. 1
se. 6
e. 1
nnc. 10
nc. 16
0 0
n. 2
se. 3
0 0
EW. 7
SW. I
SW. I
0 0
0 0
S. I
SW. 3
SW. 4
SW. s
SW. 4
se. 7
nne. 10
ne. 5
n. 4
n. 1
se. 1
s. I
s. 6
nw. I
SW. I
nw. I
0 0
SW. 4
0 c
ne. 5
ne. 5
0 0
SW. 2
nne. 4
ne. 8
0 0
SW. 2
se. 2
0 0
s. 4
nw. I
SW. I
nw. 1
0 0
SW. 5
se. 3
s- 3
ne. 14
0 0
0 0
ne. 4
nc. 6
0 0
sw. 2
SW. I
se. I
SW. 3
nw. 1
0 0
nw. I
w. 3
SW. 4
0 0
nw. 3
ese. 4
SW. 3
se. 1
n- 3
ne. 4
SW. 3
n. 2
SW. 2
se. 2
SW. 7
SW. 1
0 0
SW. 4
(")
SW. 2
SW. 7
SW. 2
ne. 5
0 0
nw. 4
se. S
se. 6
SW. 3
w. 3
SW. 2
0 0
SW. 3
n. I
0 0
se. I
SW. 2
SW. 2
w. 1
SW. 1
ne. 5
nw. 5
nw. 6
se. 1
SC. s
SW. 3
(")
w. 2
se. 1
SW. 3
n. I
0 0
nw. 4
SW. 4
SW. 3
w. 2
SW. I
ne. 12
nw. 2
se. 3
sc. 3
.sc. 4
SW. 3
(")
W. 3
e. 3
SW. I
0 0
0 0
nw. I
SW. 2
SW. 3
w- 3
SW. 3
ne. 13
0 0
SW. I
se. 3
e. 3
SW. 3
le. I
w. I
se. 2
SW. 2
SW. 2
SW. 1
W. 3
S. 3
SW. 3
nw. 3
SW. 2
ne. 12
0 0
SW. 10
se. I
se. S
n. 3
0 0
w. I
se. 2
SW. 2
SW. 3
SW. I
w. 3
S. I
SW. 2
nw. I
SW. I
ne. 9
SW. 3
SW. 8
se. 3
«• 4
n. 3
0 0
w. 1
se. 2
SW. 3
SW. 3
SW. I
»■ s
nw. 2
SW. 2
se. 3
SW. I
0 0
SW. I
SW. 1
e. 5
e. 3
n. 3
se. 1
SW. I
se. 3
SW. s
SW. I
0 0
s. 6
0 0
SW. 2
nw. 3
SW. I
se. 13
0 0
SW. I
e. 9
ne. 6
3-6
1.6
3-4
IS
3'
1.4
2.6
1.2
2.7
1.2
1.9
0.8
3-2
1.4
2.4
1. 1
2.8
«-3
2.2
l.o
30
1-3
2.6
1.2
3.2
I.O
30
••3
Above velocities were determined from dial readings willi 5 minuten Intervals. Oiractlon trua.
a Observation miasad.
.; i
^ \
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
259
AUGUST, 1881.
Tablr CV. — Dirtction and Vfloiity of the wind, August, 1881,
WMhington mean lime. Keduce to liKal mean time liy a<l(lini; 49"'
Anemometer above the grouml, 31 feel [9.4 meters].
^=: + 8l'»44' X — — 64»45' — 4>',5m
[Velocity, miles per hour.l
3 p. m.
Direction
and
Telocity.
n. 3
le. I
SW. I
se. 3
3
SW.
S
3
SW.
I
I
0
0
5
1.
6
2
0
0
2
SW.
2
i
nw.
3
1
SW.
1
)
se.
13
1
0
0
SW.
I
e.
9
;
ne.
6
—
i^^
3
0
1
3
3P.m.
Direction
and
▼tloclty.
4 p.m.
5 p. m-
6 p.m. 7 p. m. 8 p.m. 9 p.m. 10 p. in.
1 1 p. III.
Dirertinn
and
velocity.
Midnight. 1 Mean ilaily velocity.
1
I
3
3
4
5
6
I
9
10
II
13
»3
•4
\l
17
18
«9
20
21
22
23
24
\l
11
29
30
3.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction ' Direction Direction Oirerlinn Dirertinn
and 1 and init and and
velocity. I Telocity. velocity. Telocity. velocity
Dirertlon \ mHc per Meter, per
T.l"«y. 1 '""'"■ "•™'«^
1
.
IW. 4
0 0
IW. t
1. 3
SW. s
SW. 3
IW. I
»• 3
W. 3
SW. 3
nw. I
tw. 8
M. 13
0 0
*e. 0
le. I
e. 6
IW. 4
0 0
s. 1
se. 3
IW. 3
IW. 3
0 0
s. 3
1. 3
SW. 3
nw. 3
IW. 6
se. 13
SW. I
nw. 7
se. 3
0 0
SW. I
0 0
s. 1
se. 3
SW. 3
SW. 1
0 0
s. 3
w. 1
IW. S
nw. I
SW. 3
se. 13
SW. I
nw. 6
w. 3
ne. 4
se. 3
se. 3
0 0
se. 4
SW. 3
SW. 3
0 0
g. I
w. 4
SW. 4
0 0
SW. 3
se. 12
1. 1
ne. 7
»>• 3
nw. 3
se. 4
0 0
0 0
se. 3
SW. 3
SW. 3
0 0
1. 1
w. s
IW. 4
SW. 10
0 0
se. 13
se. 4
»• 3
0 0
w. 1
ne. I
se. 3
0 0
se. 3
SW. 3
0 0
0 0
0 0
S. I
SW. 3
w. 3
0 0
SW. 3
se. 5
e- S
mv. I
w. 6
e. I
SW. 2
0 0
e. 2
SW. I
e. 2
0 0
s. 1
s. 2
SW. 3
SW.
0 0
se. 10
ne. 2
ne. 4
0 0
0 0
e. 2
0 0
0 0
SW. 3
se. 4
e. 2
0 0
SW. 2
»• 3
SW. I
SW. 2
se. I
se. 13
e. 4
n. 3
0 0
n. 8
0 0
se. II
0 0
SW. 6
SW. 2
SW. 2
0 0
0 0
s. 4
SW. 2
SW. 4
e. 7
». 16
e. 4
ne. 9
se. 5
e. 12
w. 4
le. I
1. I
ne. 4
SW. 1
nw, 3
0 0
0 0
SW. 6
SW. 1
e. 4
se. 6
se. 14
e. I
ne. 3
ne. 7
e. 6
3.0
1.6
I.I
3. 1
3 "
i5
1.8
2.0
2.8
w
9.2
*S
4.0
35
SS
0.9
0.7
o.s
0.9
1.4
0.7
0.3
0.8
0.9
'•3
1. 1
;i
1. 1
1.8
1.6
3>
1-4
3.8
"•3
2.8
«-3
2.9
1-3
30
1-3
1.9
0.8
«-9
0.8
2.K
"•3
4.9
2 2
3-6
1.6
2.8s
« 3
>-3
11
n
260
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
: I i
SEPTEMBKR, 1881.
Table C'VI. — Din-ction anJ vilocity of the wind, September^ 1881.
Wasliiligtuii incaii time. Koliicc In loc.il mean time l)y dilding 49*^
Anemumetcr aliove tliu ground, 31 feet [9.4 nieten>].
^=4-81° 44' X —64° 45' =-4'' 19"'
[VeliicUy, miles |>er hour.)
2 a. m. 3 a. m. | 4 a. m. 5 a. m.
6 a. m. , 7 a, ni. 8 a. m.
Date.
9 a. m. 10 a. m.
1 1 a. in. Nuon.
I p. 111. ^ 2 p. m.
Dirci'tiiii) Direction Direcliin Diri'ctioii Direction Direclinn Direction Direction Direction Direction Direction Direction ! Direction Direction
unit Hnd and and and and and and < and and and and j and ; and
veliKity. velocity. veliK ity. velocity, velocity, velocity, velocity, velocity, velocity, velocity, velocity, velocity, i velocity, velocity,
I I ' _ : I _ ' _ '
I
ne.
2
0
0
2
lie.
/
lie.
6
3
ne.
4
lie.
2
4
11.
I.)
II.
1 ->
5
11c.
7
ii.-.
7
6
mv.
4
11.
5
7
ne.
0
e.
()
8
.s.
4
s.
3
9
sw.
1
sw.
1
10
nw.
1
11.
3
II
ne.
3
lie.
3
12
sw.
>7
sw.
21
13
n.
'5
n.
•4
14
lie.
2
ne.
S
•5
uc.
2
ne.
ti
16
0
I
0
1
'7 -
0
4
e.
'
iS
0
I
e.
0
19
0
I
0
2
20
0
0
0
I
21
e.
I
0
I
22
e.
2
0
I
23
e.
4
c.
.^
24
e.
5
e.
1
25
c.
,i
.^e.
26
e.
5
0.
1
27
0
'
0
0
?8
0
3
0
2
-'* . . ,-.
n.
3
0
2
j<^'
e.
-
e.
1
.M..i^-.>-...
4
'
4
I
;v'ie;tns iii
••.^. .. V ers
■*;r'?l'£
...k! ...
I
?
I.
8
se.
lie.
ne.
sw.
e.
n.
e.
sw.
nw.
ne.
\v.
n.
o
ne.
ne.
o
o
ne.
s.
ne.
S
4
i
3 '>e-
2 n.
3 I «:•
2 n.
6 e.
I
4 s.
1 sw.
3 . »•
4 fi-
ts w.
ne.
nw. 4 sse. I
ne, 3 ne. 6
ne.
ne.
e,
n.
6 I n,
I
3 ; s-
ne.
4 I o
7 ' "■
4 ; e.
2 n.
9 n.
O
ne.
I
n.
lie.
e.
8
16
'3
2
4
I
e.
w.
I { o
1 I o
0 o
2 O
1 ne.
I
ne.
o
1 c.
o
e.
n.
e.
o
n.
n.
e.
3
4
20
10
«s
«3
o
7
I
4
o ne.
4 ; "•
6 I e.
2 ; n.
7 i n.
s.
ne.
n.
e.
sw.
o
e.
ne.
o
e.
ne.
o
e.
n,
e.
o
3 I ne.
4 I e.
3 \ o
ne.
n. II
n. II
o I
3-7
1-7
4-3
1.9
e.
e.
e.
e.
o
n.
n.
e.
4
4
2
I
2
8
6
8
I
12
9
o
ne,
ne.
e.
sw.
I
2 ne.
7 "•
4 , e.
2 11.
5 i nw.
2 o
o i ne.
24 I ne.
2 : ne.
15 sw.
n- S
o I
ne. 6
o o
o
2
2
5
3
2
6
I
I
«7
4
12
n. 7
o 2
ne. 3
o I
S.4
2.4
e.
e.
e.
o
o
e.
e.
e.
o
n.
n.
ne.
6 ne.
8 o
2 I e.
I e.
5 I e-
4 1 se.
4 e.
o I o
o
ne.
ne.
o
ne.
n.
n.
s.
ne.
n.
ne.
sw.
0 o
1 ne.
I
4 o
2 n.
I I lie.
5 n.
4 ! n.
2
30
s.
o
II.
ne.
o
2
O
I
4
5
10
1 '
30 n.
2 ne.
n.
i
2 :
s.
^i
ne.
0
3
nw.
3
nw.
4
0
3|
se.
1
2
ne.
2
19
2
12 SW. 12 , SW. 16
n,
s.
ne.
o
n.
II w.
o
se.
ne.
n.
e.
sw.
I
o
3
3
2
4
4
25
3
«9
n. 5 n. 5 ne.
o 2:0 10
ne. 2 I o ' o
e. 10 2 ' o
ne.
o
e.
6 j e.
3
I
o
■ 2 n. 12
8 ; n. 5
in. I
6
2
I
I
I
2
I
1
I
«3
6
o o
e- 5
o 2
ese. I
se. I
e.
e.
e.
o
o
1 ne. 3
2 ne. I
10 2
o I o I
5 e- 3
e. I
ne. 5
e. 2
cse. 2
se. 2
ne. 5
e. 4
I e. 6
e. 2
o I
o o
: ne. 5
I o I
i ese. o
j se. 2
n. 14
ne. 9
ne. 2
•4
3
I
o
e.
e.
o
o
ne,
e,
e.
n.
s.
ne,
n,
n,
nw,
n,
se.
o
sw.
o
sw.
n.
o
o
e.
o
o
ne.
e.
ese.
se.
2 j n.
5 I sw.
ne.
o
nw.
nw.
ne.
nw.
e.
e.
sw.
o o
se^ 2
ne. 3
se. I
o o
n.
o
e.
4-5
3-7
3-9
1-7
4-3
1.9
4,0
1.8
3-9
'•7
3-2
1-4
n. 2
ne. I
n- 3
e. I
se. 4
o o
e. 7
e- 3
ese. 2
e. 2
o o
se. I
e. 4
o 3
ne. 7
e. a
o 3
3«
1,4
All directions are true Recorded velocities are miles blown since the preceding hour.
Velocities without direction show that the wind has tilcwn during the hour, but was calm at time of observation.
■r\
: :|
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
.261
n.
2 p.
m.
on
Direction
and
y-
velocity.
a
n.
1
5
sw.
6
I
ne.
2
3
o
O
4
nw.
5
2
p.w.
2
3
ne.
3
2
s.
2
s
nw.
2
7
e.
'3
4
e.
2
9
sw.
8
2
n.
2
I
ne.
1
3
n.
3
2
e.
I
^
se.
4
1
o
o
t
e.
7
1
e.
3
ese.
2
e.
2
o
0
se.
1
e.
4
o
3
o
I
ne.
7
e.
2
o
3
3
'
I
4
SEPTEMBER, i88i.
Table CW\.^Direction and velocity of the wind, September, i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'»
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^= + 81" 44' X — — 64"»45'=: — 4'' IQ"'
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
3 p. m-
4 p.m.
Direction
and
velocity.
»• 3
Sp. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
Direction
and
velocitv.
ne. 2
9p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
10 p. m.
-
Direction
and
velocity.
ne. 5
I 1 p. ni.
Direction
anil
velocity.
ne. 6
Midnight.
Direction
and
velocity.
Mean daily velocity.
4>
1
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
ne. 5
Miles per
hour.
Meters per
second.
e. S
e. 8
ene. lu
0 0
ne. 4
2.9
.3
s. 6
S. I
s. 1
s. 2
s. 4
se. 3
se. 3
e. 2
ne. 2
ne. 3
35
1.6
2
0 0
ne. 8
ne. 6
ne. 8
n. 14
n. 12
n. 12
n. 12
n. 13
n. 12
S-3
a- 4
3
0 2
0 2
0 I
0 I
n. I
n. 4
n. 3
ne. 3
ne. 6
ne. 3
3-8
1-7
4
n. 4
n. 6
n. 3
n. 4
ne. 2
n. 2
n. 3
0 2
0 2
0 2
3-6
1.6
5
0 0
nw. 0
0 I
nw. ■
e- 3
0 2
n- 3
ne. 4
n. 5
ne. 5
2.8
"3
6
ne. 2
0 I
ne. 2
ne. 4
e. 6
s. 2
se. 3
se. 3
so. 3
se. 5
4-3
1.9
7
s. 2
s. 4
se. 6
se. 2
se. 2
se. 2
0 0
0 ■
0 1
0 2
2.4
I. I
8
nw. 4
0 2
nw. 2
0 7
nw. 2
nw. 5
0 4
nw. 2
nw. 1
nw. 4
2.7
1.2
9
e. 12
e. 15
se. 17
e. 8
se. I
e. 2
0 4
e. I
ne. 3
ne. 5
12.2
5.5
10
e. 2
se. 4
sw. 4
sw. 1 1
sw. 14
sw. 10
sw. 10
sw. 7
sxv. 9
sw. 14
S-9
2.6
II
0 4
sw. 4
sw. 6
sw. 4
w. 4
w. 8
nw. 9
nw. 7
ne. 9
n. 8
II. 2
5.0
12
n. 2
n. I
n. 2
n. 2
n. 2
n. 2
ne. t
ne. 3
ne. I
ne. I
S-2
2-3
13
0 I
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. 6
nc. 4
nc. 6
0 1
2.0
0.9
14
n. 2
n- 3
n. 2
n. 2
"• 3
n. I
n. 2
n. 2
e. I
0 2
30
13
IS
e. 3
e. 6
e. 2
e. 2
e. 4
e. 4
0 I
0 2
e. 2
ne. 5
2.0
0.9
16
se. 3
se. 2
se. I
se. I
0 I
0 I
s. I
0 I
0 I
S. I
2.4
I. I
•7
0 I
e. I
e. I
0 I
e. I
0 I
0 2
0 I
se. I
0 I
0.8
0.4
18
ne. 7
n. 5
n. 3
ne. 2
ne. I
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
3-4
«S
19
0 3
0 3
e- 3
e. I
ne. I
0 2
0 I
0 I
e. I
0 2
2. I
0.9
20
esc. 2
ese. 1
e. 3
ne. 5
e. 2
4
c. 2
e. 2
e. I
e. 1
1.9
0.8
21
e. I
e. 9
e. 9
nw. 12
ne. 6
0 2
ne. 3
«-•• 5
<•■• 5
c. 2
3-3
I. 5
22
0 0
e. 1
e. 4
e. 2
se. 4
se. s
e. 4
e. 4
e. 4
e. 9
2.8
I 3
23
se. 4
se. 4
e. 4
e. 9
e. 6
e. 6
e. 6
se. 5
e. 5
<•'• 3
45
2.0
24
e. 6
e. 8
e. 5
ne. S
ne. 7
ne. 9
e. 7
»;• 5
ne. 8
e. 7
SI
2-3
2S
0 I
0 I
0 1
0 I
ne. 2
0 1
0 1
ne. I
lie. I
0 1
2.8
'•3
26
0 I
0 I
0 I
ite. 2
ne. 2
ne. 0
0 I
0 2
0 2
ne. 2
0.9
0.4
27
n. 8
0 I
0 1
n. 2
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
sw. 1
6.5
2.9
28
0 I
0 3
e. 6
3
e. 3
<•■• 5
e. 7
e. 4
e- 7
e. I
4.5
2.0
29
e. 2
0 2
e. 1
e. 2
e. I
0 1
0 2
0 I
0 I
0 0
1.4
0.6
30
30
3S
3.6
3-9
35
3-4
3-4
3 •
3.6
J. 6
3.84
'•3
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.6
'■5
•S
•■4
1.6
1.6
••7
••7
M
if
262
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
I ii
OCTOBER, 1881.
Table CVII. — Direction and velocity of the wind, October, 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49™
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters],
^=;-|-8l»44' X-^-64<'4S'^-4''i9»>
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
Date.
1 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity .
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 am.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a.m.
II a.m.
Noou.
I p. in.
2 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
1
e. I
e. I
e. 4
e. 5
se. 6
se. 2
se. 2
se. 2
se. 1
se. 2
se. 2
se. 2
0 I
0 I
2
se. 3
se. 2
se. I
se. I
sc. 2
se. 2
ne. I
se. I
0 2
0 I
se. 3
se. 2
e. I
0 I
3
n. II
nw. 16
n. 12
nw. 4
e. 4
e. 6
e. 2
e. 4
e. 6
e. I
e- 7
e- S
e. 4
e. 3
4
0 I
e. 2
e. 2
e. 3
0 2
e. I
e. 2
0 2
e. I
e. I
«• S
0 3
n. I
ne. 2
s
0 0
se. 0
se. I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 I
se. 0
se. 0
0 I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
6
0 I
0 I
e. 4
e. 4
0 2
0 I
se. 3
0 I
e. 2
e- 3
e. I
e- 3
0 2
se. I
7 --
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 I
se. 2
se. I
se. 2
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 I
se. 0
0 I
0 I
8
iie.l7
ne. IS
ne. 13
ne. 7
0 s
0 2
0 I
0 I
sw. 2
0 I
sw. I
sw. 4
0 1
0 I
9
«• S
e. S
ne. 7
ne. 6
ne. 7
ne. 7
ne. 3
e. 2
e. I
0 1
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
10
0 2
e- 3
0 I
0 I
0 3
0 I
0 I
e. I
0 I
0 I
0 2
e. 2
0 I
0 I
II
0 I
0 0
0 3
0 2
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
e. I
e. 6
ne. 7
ne. 2
0 0
12
ne. 2
ne. I
0 I
ne. 0
0 I
ne. 0
se. I
se. I
ne. I
0 I
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. I
13
0 I
0 I
ne. I
0 I
0 1
0 I
0 2
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 1
0 I
14
ne. 2
ne. 2
0 2
0 I
0 I
0 2
0 I
e. 2
e. 2
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 2
0 I
IS
0 0
0 I
0 0
e. 2
0 I
0 1
0 2
0 2
e. 2
e. 2
e- 3
e. I
e. 2»
e. ;■
16
0 2
C. I
e- 3
e. 2
e. 3
e- 3
e. S
e. 4
e. S
e. 7
e. 4
e. 8
ne. 2
0 I
•7
0 2
0 I
0 0
0 I
se. I
0 I
0 I
se. I
se. 2
0 I
se. 0
se. 2
se. I
0 I
18
se. I
0 I
se. I
se. 2
0 I
0 I
se. I
0 I
0 0
0 I
se. I
se. 2
0 I
0 I
'9
se. I
0 I
0 I
se. I
0 0
se. 2
0 2
0 I
se. I
nw. I
ne. I
0 I
ne. 0
0 I
20
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 I
se. I
se. I
0 I
0 2
se. 2
se. 2
se. 2
se. 2
se. 2
0 2
21
0 I
ne. 2
0 I
0 I
ne. 2
0 3
ne. I
se. 3
ne. 4
ne. 7
e- 4
e. 4
e. 3
e. 2
22
e. 4
e. S
nw. s
ne. 4
se. 4
<-■■ 3
e. S
e- 3
e. 2
ne. I
ne. I
e- 3
0 3
e. 2
23 ... ...
0 I
0 ,
se. 1
0 I
0 2
0 I
0 I
0 1
se. 2
se. I
se. 2
se. 2
se. 2
0 I
24
ne. 2
ne. 2
0 1
0 0
e. 3
0 2
ne. I
ne. 2
0 3
ne. I
se. 2
0 I
ne. S
0 3
25
0 I
se. 2
0 2
w. 1
0 2
0 0
0 I
0 2
nw. I
0 3
0 I
ne. 2
0 I
ne. 2
26
0 2
0 I
e. 2
s. 3
n. 2
nw. 2
w. 2
se. 2
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 2
0 2
27
0 I
0 I
0 I
6 1
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 I
e. 0
0 1
ne. I
se. I
0 I
0 I
28
0 I
0 I
0 2
0 0
0 2
0 I
e. I
0 2
0 0
ne. 2
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
29
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 0
se. I
0 0
30
0 I
n. 5
ne. 2
nc. 2
ne. 2
se. 0
0 I
0 2
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 2
se. 2
0 2
3>
Means . . .
0 0
0 I
0 f
0 I
0 I
0 2
0 2
0 0
0 I
e. I
e. 2
0 I
e. I
0 I
2. 2
2.5
2.5
2.0
2. I
'•7
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.8
1.9
2.2
1.6
I-3
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond
1.0
1.1
11
0.9
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.8
I.O
0.7
0.6
• Frbii dial reading.
■ i- ';!
m.
2 p.
m.
:tlon
Direction
d
and
city.
velocity.
I
o
I
o
4
e.
I
ne.
I
o
2
se.
I
o
,
o
O
o
I
o
2
o
2
ne.
I
o
2
o
a«
e.
It
a
o
I
o
,
o
o
o
2
o
2
3
e.
2
3
e.
3
2
o
I
s
o
3
1
ne.
2
2
0
2
I
o
I
I
o
o
I
o
o
2
o
3
I
o
I
1-3
0.6
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
OCTOBER, i88i.
Table CVII. — Direction and velocity of the wind, October, i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 491"
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters.]
^:= + 8l<'44' y = — 64045':^ — 4'' 19™
[Velocity, miles per hour. I
263
3 p- '"•
4 p. m.
S p. m.
6 p. m.
Direction
and
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. in.
10 p. m.
Direction
and
II p. in.
Direction
and
.Midnight.
Mean daily velocity.
Miles per ' Meters per
u
Uireiti
and
m
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
liour.
SCL'UIIU.
s
ft
ne.
I
0 I
0 0
0 1
0 1
0 I
0 I
e. 3
e. 2
e. I
1.8
"0.7
I
0
I
0 I
0 4
se. 2
0 1
se. 2
se. 4
se. 4
se. 3
se. 3
2.0
0.9
2
e.
,
0 2
ne. 2
ne. 4
ne. 2
ne. 1
e. I
e. I
0 I
0 I
4-4
2.0
3
e.
E
0 I
e. 3
e. 2
0 I
0 I
0 I
e. I
0 I
0 I
••7
0.8
4
0
I
0 I
se. 2
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
OS
0. 2
5
se.
2
0 0
se. I
ne. 2
0 I
0 0
ne. 1
0 I
se. I
0 I
1.6
0.7
6
ne.
3
ne. II
ne. 13
ne. 8
ne. II
ne. 8
ne. 4
n. 16
ne. 9
ne. IS
4.7
2.1
7
e.
3
.SW. 2
SW. I
SW. 5
ne. 3
ne. 3
s. S
se. 2
c. 6
e. 6
4 5
2.0
8
0
I
0 I
e. 1
0 0
0 1
e. 3
e. 2
0 I
«• i
e- 3
2-5
I. I
9
e.
2
e. 8
e. 6
«^- 5
e. 2
e. I
0 1
ne. I
0 I
0 1
2.0
0.9
10
ne.
I
r.e. I
0 1
0 I
0 0
0 I
ne. 2
0 I
0 I
0 I
'•5
0.7
II
ne.
2
0 S
e. 1
0 2
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 2
0 I
'•3
0.6
12
e.
2
e. I
0 I
e. 2
0 \
0 I
ne. 2
ne. 2
e. 2
0 4
1.4
0.6
'3
0
2
0 0
0 2
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 1
1.2
o-S
«4
e.
3"
e. 2
e. 2
e. 2
e. 7
e. 6
e- S
0 3
e. 3
e. 4
2.4
•S
e.
2
e. I
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 3
e. I
e- 3
se. I
0 I
2.7
I. 2
16
se.
I
se. 2
se. 2
0 I
0 0
se. 3
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 1
o-S
17
0
I
0 I
0 0
0 2
0 I
0 2
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
1.0
0.4
18
se.
I
se. I
se. I
0 I
0 I
0 2
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 2
1.0
0.4
«9
se.
3
se. 3
se. 2
se. 3
nw. 3
ne. 3
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. 2
1.8
0.8
20
0
4-
e. I
e. 2
e. 8
0 2
«• 3
e. 2
se. 3
se. ■•
se. 7
30
••3
21
e.
I
e- 3
e. 4
e. 2
e. 4
e- 3
0 2
e. I
e. 4
e. I
2.9
«-3
22
e.
4
0 I
se. 3
0 I
0 2
0 I
0 I
ne. 2
ne. 2
0 I
« S
0.7
23
w.
I
ne. 2
ne. 2
SW. I
w- 3
0 I
ne. 2
ne. I
0 I
0 I
1.8
0.8
24
ne.
3
ne. 3
0 2
0 I
0 2
0 3
w. 2
ne. I
0 2
0 I
«-7
0.8
25
ne.
I
ne. 0
0 I
0 I
se. I
e. I
0 2
e. I
0 I
0 2
'S
0.7
26
0
I
0 I
0 I
e. I
0 0
0 I
Q I
0 I
ne. 3
0 I
0.9
0.4
27
0
I
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0.9
0.4
28
0
I
se. 2
se. 3
0 2
e- 3
e. 7
ne. S
ne. 3
ne. 3
ne. 2
••7
0.8
29
se.
1
0 2
e. I
se. 2
nw. I
e. 3
se. I
0 I
0 0
0 I
«-5
0.7
30
e.
2
se. I
se. I
0 0
0 2
se. 2
e. 4
e- S
e- 3
e- 5
'•7
0.8
3«
••7
2.0
2.2
2. I
2.0
2. 2
1.9
2. I
1.9
0.8
2-3
1.0
2.01
0.8
0.9
I.o
0.9
0.9
1.0
0.8
0.9
0.9
0.9
E 11
I
• From dial reading.
264
THE LADY FBAITKLIN BAY EXPEDlTIOIjr.
J ;!
Mi*^i
NOVEMBER, 1881.
Table CVIII. — Direction and velocity of the wind, November, 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 491"
Anemometer alx>ve the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters],
^ =- f 81° 44' \ .^ — 640 45' _: 4'' ig"
[Velocity, milei per hour.]
Date.
I a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a.m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity .
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
•nd
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
I
se. 2
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 0
se. 2
0 I
se. I
0 2
ne. I
0 I
w. I
w. 5
0 3
2
s- 3
sw. 2
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 2
0 0
0 0
3
0 I
ne. 0
ne. I
0 2
0 I
e. I
e. 2
e. 3
s. 0
«• 3
se. S
0 I
0 I
0 I
4
e. I
0 2
0 I
«• 3
«• S
e. 6
e. 3
e. 4
0 2
ne. 5
ne. 2
ne. 0
ne. 6
ne. 6
S
ne. 4
0 3
e. 3
e- 4
e. 2
e- 3
se. 3
0 I
0 4
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 I
6
e. 2
e. 4
0 I
se. 1
s. 2
sw. 4
0 2
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 2
sw. 2
0 0
0 2
7
n. 11
ne.ll
ne. 10
ne. 10
ne. 8
ne. 8
ne. 10
ne 11
w. 8
w. 3
W. I
0 I
0 I
0 0
8
0 1
0 I
0 0
s. 2
S. I
S. 2
0 I
ne. 1
nw. 2
nw. 2
ne. 0
0 0
nw. 2
n. 3
9
e. 8
e. 9
e. 8
0 3
e- 3
e. 2
e. S
e. 3
e. S
e. 6
e. 4
ne. 6
ne. 4
ne. 6
10
ne. 5
ne. 2
n. 4
n. 2
ne. 5
ne. 4
n. S
ne. 4
n. 4
ne. s
ne. 2
ne. 3
ne. I
0 0
II
ne. 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
12
e. 6
e. 8
e. 4
e- 3
2 5
3 3
e. 0
e. 3
0 I
0 0
0 0
"0 I
0 0
0 0
13
0 0
0 0
ne. 2
ne. 2
0 I
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
se. I
e. 2
0 0
14
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 I
IS
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
16
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 I
17
0 2
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
18
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
19
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
20
e. 2
e. I
e. 2
e. 0
e. 2
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 2
e. I
21
e- 5
e. 3
e. 2
ne. 6
ne. 4
ne. 3
ne. 4
nw. 4
se. 2
e. I
nw. I
0 I
ne. 3
e. I
22
e. "2
e. 3
e. 2
e. I
e- 3
0 3
e. I
e- 3
e- 3
e. 2
ne. I
0 2
e. 3
ne. I
23
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
e- 3
0 0
e. I
0 I
e. I
e. I
24
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 2
n. 1
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
25
0 I
0 0
0 2
0 2
ne. I
ne. 3
e. 6
e. 7
"• 3
ne. 2
e. 6
0 4
0 2
0 I
26
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 2
0 0
n. I
e- 3
e. 2
e. 3
nw. I
0 0
27 --
e. 1
n. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
28
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 p
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
29
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
30-
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Means...
Means in
2.0
1.8
I-S
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.7
1.6
1.2
1. 1
1. 1
>3
l.o
meters
per sec-
ond
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.8
0.7
OS
o.s
o.s
0.6
0.4
r "
2 p.
m.
1 Direction
*nd
. velocity.
O
3
o
0
o
1
ne.
6
o
I
0
2
o
O
n.
2
ne.
6
o
o
o
I
o
o
o
o
0
I
o
o
0
•
o
o
o
o
o
I
e.
I
e.
I
ne.
I
e.
I
o
o
o
I
1 o
o
o o
o o
O I
o o
I.O
0.4
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
NOVEMBER, i88i.
Table CVIII. — Direction and velocity of the winii, Nmember, i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding ^/^
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^=^-|-8l°44' X = 64° 45' - 4'' 19'n
(Velocity, miles per hour.)
265
3 !>• n>-
4 p. m.
5 !>• ">•
Direction
and
velocity.
6 p. m.
7 p. ni.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
Dlrectiai\
and
vc ocily.
1 1 p. m.
Midnight.
1
Mean daily velocity.
1
Direc'ion
and
velociiy.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
0 I
Direction
und
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Miles per
hour.
Meters per
second.
0.7
sw. I
ne. 2
nw. 4
nw. I
0 2
e. 1
ne. 2
0 0
0 2
1.6
0 0
0 I
ne. 2
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 2
0 5
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 0
e. I
e. 2
0 I
e. I
0 2
s. 2
nw. I
e. I
0 1
0 I
e. I
0 I
e. 7
0 I
0 I
n. I
e. I
e. 4
s. 2
0 2
1
0 I
ne. 6
0 I
0 4
n. 2
e. I
n. 7
n. 1
0 0
e. 4
e. 2
n. 10
0 0
0 1
e. 2
e. 3
n. 11
0.8
'5
2.8
'■7
31
0.4
0.7
«-3
0.8
1.4
2
3
4
1
0 I
0 I
ne. 6
e. 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
n. 5
e. 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 7
ne. 2
0 0
0 I
0 I
ne. 8
ne. 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 8
0 0
0 0
nw. 1
e. 8
nw. 7
0 I
0 0
0 0
e. 10
5
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 9
nw. 5
e. I
SC. I
nw. 1
e. 9
ne. 2
0 I
ne. 3
nw. I
e. 9
w. 4.
0 I
e. 3
41
2.7
5.4
2-4
O.S
1.8
I. 2
2.4
I. I
0. 2
7
8
9
10
II
0 0
0 0
0 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 2
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
e. 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
3
«S
0.6
0.4
0.0
O.S
0.7
0-3
0.2
0.0
0.2
12
«3
14
"5
16
0 0
0 0
nw. 0
0 2
n. 2
0 0
0 0
"• 3
0 2
e, I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 1
e. I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 I
se. 2
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 2
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
e. 3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
e. 3
0 I
0. 2
0.0
0.4
1,0
2-3
0.0
0.0
0. 2
0.4
1.0
"7
18
«9
20
21
0 2
ne. I
e. 1
0 I
0 I
0 I
ne. 4
0 I
0 4
0 0
e. 2
e. 4
e. I
0 0
0 I
0 0
ne. 3
ne. 2
0 I
0 0
e. 2
0 5
e. 4
e- 3
0 0
e. I
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 2
se. 3
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 I
e. 2
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 2
ne. 3
0 0
e. I
.0 0
ne. 3
se. 3
0 0
1.6
I. 2
I. 2
2-5
0.8
0.7
O.S
0-5
1. 1
0.4
22
23
24
2I
0 I
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 2
0 0
0 2
0 0
0 3
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 2
0 0
0 2
0 0
sw. 6
0 0
e- 5
0 0
0 I
0 0
ne. 4
03
0.5
0. 2
0.7
0. 1
0. 2
0.0
0-3
27
28
29
30
0.9
1.2
1.0
I. 1
1.4
«-3
1.4
1.4
1-7
1.6
1.42
0.4
o.s
0.4
o.s
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.6
If ;
U J
■ ■: I,
"■ '. i '■
III i
266
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
DECEMBER, i88i.
Table CIX.— Direction and velocity of the wind, December, i88i.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49»
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^=4.81"' 44' Ar=— 64'»4S'=— 4''i9"
(Velocity, miles per liour.]
Date.
I a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
S a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. ni.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
Noon.
1 (1. in.
2 p. m.
Uirection
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
Telocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity .
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
Telocity .
velocity.
I
se. 4
e. 1
e. 2
e- 3
0 0
ne. 2
0 1
n. 0
0 1
n. 1
n. 1
e. 2
0 1
0 0
2
ne. 3
ne. 2
0 0
0 1
0 0
ne. I
0 0
n. 1
0 2
0 1
0 I
0 1
0 1
0 1
3
0 0
0 0
0 1
ne. I
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
4
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
5
0 0
0 I
ne. 3
ne. 6
e- 4
e. S
e- S
e. 6
e- 5
nw. 3
nw. 3
e. 3
0 2
ne. 3
6
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 1
0 0
0 0
7
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
8
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
9
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
10
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 4
e. 4
e- S
e. 3
0 0
II
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 3
e- S
0 1
se. 1
e. 3
e. 3
12
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 2
0 0
ne. 2
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
13
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
14
0 0
0 0
e. 0
e. 1
0 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 I
ne. 2
0 0
ne. I
«s
0 I
0 I
0 0
ne. I
0 1
0 1
0 0
ne. 0
e. I
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
16
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
»7
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
18
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
«9
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
20
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
21
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 i>
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
22
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
23
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 I
e. 2
ne. 6
ne. 7
ne. 7
ne. S
ne. 3
ne. 6
e- 7
24
e. 3
e. 9
e. IS
e. 19
e. 16
e IS
e. 16
e- 13
w. 9
0 0
w. 1
0 0
ne. I
0 0
*s
e. 8
ne. 10
se. 14
n. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
26
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
27
0 I
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 2
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
28
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 3
0 I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 2
29
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
30
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
3'
Means ...
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.7
0.8
0.8
1. 1
0.8
0.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.6
0.6
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond
03
0.4
0.4
O.S
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.3
0-3
0.3
0.3
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
267
o
I
0
o
o
o
ne.
3
o
o
0
o
o
o
o
0
o
o
e.
3
o
o
o
o
ne.
I
o
0
0
o
o
o
o
o
0
o
0
o
o
o
o
0
e.
7
o
o
o
o
o
o
0
o
o
2
o
I
o
o
o
o
0.6
0.3
DECEMBER, 1881.
Table CIX. — Direction and velocity of the wind, December, 1881.
Wuhington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'>
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^ = -f8i44' > = — 64''45'= — 4" 19'"
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
3P. m.
Direction
•nd
4 p.m.
5 p.m.
6 p. m.
7p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midniglit.
Direction
attd
Mean daily velocity.
u
•3
Direction
■nd
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Miles per
liour.
Meters per
second.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity,
nw. 1
velocity.
velocity,
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity,
e. 1
;3
0 1
e. I
0 0
0 I
ne. I
0 I
0 0
se. 3
1. 2
0.5
I
0 0
0 I
0 2
0 1
0 0
w. 3
e. 1
se. 2
s. 2
0 I
I. I
o.s
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.2
0.0
3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0.2
0.0
4
e. 4
nw, 5
e. 4
0 0
e. 0
e. 7
0 1
0 1
0 I
0 I
30
• 3
s
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0,2
0.0
6
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
7
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 6
0.0
0.0
8
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. I
0.0
9
0 0
0 0
0 I
e. 2
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.9
0.4
10
e- 3
0 0
e. 4
e. 6
0 4
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 2
' s
0.7
II
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.2
0.0
12
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. I
0.0
13
e. 3
f. 4
e. 2
e. 3
e. I
e. 2
e. 3
e. I
e. 3
e. 2
••3
0.6
>4
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0-3
0, I
IS
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 1
0.0
16
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0,0
0.0
17
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0,0
0.0
18
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0,0
■9
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.2
0,0
20
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0,0
0.0
21
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
22
e. 12
se. 14
e. 15
e. 14
e. II
e. 4
n. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
4.8
2. I
23
0 0
0 0
e. 6
n. 6
e- 3
nw, 4
n. 8
n. 13
ne. 12
e. 4
7.2
3.2
24
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
I.O
0.4
26
0 0
0 1
0 I
s. 6
0 0
0 I
0 0
e. 2
0 0
e. I
0.4
0.2
26
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0.2
0.0
27
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
n. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.4
0.2
28
00
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
29
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
30
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0, 1
0.0
3«
0.8
0.9
1.2
1.2
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.5
0.80
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.5
0-3
0.4
0.3
03
0.3
0.2
0.4
0.3
268
TBB LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
; I :a
JANUARY, 1882.
Table CK.— Direction and velocity 0/ the wind, yanuary, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local moan time by adding 49'"
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^= + 81" 44' X =— 64<'4S'=.-4''I9"'
[Velocity, milea per hour.)
Date.
1 n. m.
2 a. in.
3 a. m.
4 a.m.
5 a. in.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a.m.
9 a.m.
10 a. in.
Direction
and
velocity.
1 1 a. in
Direction
and
velocity.
Nuon.
Direction
and
velucity.
ne. I
1 p. in.
2 |>. in.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velucity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
And
velocity.
Direction
and
velucity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velucity.
Direction
and
velucity.
ne. 6
Direction
and
velocity.
ne. I
1
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 1
0 I
0 1
0 1
0 I
0 1
0 2
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
n. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
3
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
4
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 2
5
e. 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
e. 1
e. 6
e. 3
e. 1
0 0
e. 6
6
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
e. 4
«■ S
0 0
0 0
7
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
8
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
9
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
se. I
0 0
0 1
se. I
0 0
0 0
10
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
,,
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
12
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
0 I
0 0
ne. 4
sw. S
w. 2
13
e. 2
0 4
se. 2
0 2
0 0
e. 4
0 2
0 0
0 0
se. I
e. 2
e. 2
se. 4
0 0
14
e. 2
0 I
e. 2
0 2
0 0
0 1
0 I
0 0
s. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
15
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
16
e. 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 3
0 0
0 0
0 0
sw. 3
s. 7
sw. IS
ne. 20
ne. 52
ne. 53
17
ne. 26
ne. 25
ne. 23
ne. 13
n. 8
n. 6
sw. 3
se. 5
e. 7
ne. 7
w. 4
w. 1
0 0
0 0
18
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
se. 0
ne. I
ne. I
0 I
ne. 2
19
0 0
0 c
e. 2
0 3
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
ne. I
20
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
21
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
22
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
23
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
ne. 1
ne. 2
ne. 3
ne. 2
se. 6
se. 29
24
0 2
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
se. I
se. I
0 0
25
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
nw. 1
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
26
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
27
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
28
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
se. 0
se. 2
0 0
ne. I
29
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
30
se. I
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 4
ne. 3
n. 6
3«
Means . . .
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1. 2
I. I
I.I
0.9
o.s
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.6
I.O
'•3
15
2-5
3.4
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond
o.s
0-5
0.5
0.4
0.2
0.2
0. 2
0. 2
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.7
1. 1
1.5
LlLk
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
269
p. m.
2 p. m.
rection
Direction
and
•nd
lucity.
velocity.
e. 6
ne. I
Q O
o 1
3 O
o o
0 O
se. 2
0 O
e. 6
0 O
o o
0 O
o o
0 O
se. I
0 0
o o
0 O
o o
0 o
o o
"■ 5
W. 2
=• 4
o o
O I
o o
0 o
o o
e. 52
ne. S3
> o
o o
> 1
ne. 2
> o
ne. I
) o
o o
1 o
o o
o
o o
, 6
se. 29
I
0 0
o
ne. I
o
0 0
o
0 0
•5
o I ne. I
o ! o I
3 n. 6
o o
3.4
1.5
JANUARY, 188-'.
Tablk C'X. — Ditfition aitU velocity 0/ thr tviiul, ymiudn; 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'>
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^r_+8l'»44' ;t^ — 64045' 4'' 19™
[Velocity, mllei per hour.]
3P. m.
Direction
•nd
velocity.
0 0
4 p.m.
Direction
•nd
velocity.
S p. m.
Direction
•nd
velocity.
6 p. m.
Direction
•nd
veliwily,
0 0
7 r- • >■
Direction
■nd
velocity.
8 p. m.
Direction
•nd
velocity.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
Mean daily velocity.
1
Direction
■nd
velocity.
w. 6
Direction
■nd
velocity.
w. 2
Direction
•nd
velocity.
Direction
•nd
velocity.
Meters pt;-
second.
Mllen per
hour.
0 0
0 0
0 2
w. 7
0 0
0 I
' S
0.7
0 3
sw. 2
0 2
e- 3
0 1
0 1
0 0
0 0
nw. I
0 I
0.6
03
2
0 0
n\v. 1
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.2
0.0
3
0 0
se. 3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
03
O.I
4
e. 3
e. 9
e. 7
e- 3
nw. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1.8
0.8
S
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0-5
0.2
6
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
7
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
n, 2
nw. 2
se. I
0 I
0.5
0.2
8
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.2
0.0
9
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
10
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
II
se. 5
s. 6
se. 6
w. 6
e. 6
s. 6
se. 5
se. 2
e. I
e. 0
23
I.O
12
e. 1
nw. 3
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. 3
0 I
0 I
e. 2
0 0
'S
0.7
13
0 0
nw. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
°s
0. 2
14
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
«S
ne. 60*
ne. 42'
ne. 36"
ne. 3i'
ne. 28
ne. 17
ne. 20
ne. 24
ne. 19
ne. 24
19.1
8.5
16
0 0
0 I
e. 2
ne. s
se. 3
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 I
S-9
2.6
17
0 0
nv. I
0 0
0 I
se. 2
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
se. 2
0.6
"•3
18
0 0
0 0
0 I
ne. I
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
o-S
0.2
'9
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
J 0
0 1
0-3
0. 1
20
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.2
0.0
21
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
22
se. 20
se. 18
se. II
se. 18
se. 14
se. I
0 3
ne. I
ne. 4
0 2
6.1
2.7
*3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0.4
0. 2
24
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 1
0. 2
0.0
25
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
26
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0. 0
27
e. I
0 0
ne. I
e. I
e. I
e. 3
e. 2
0 0
ne. 4
ne. I
0.8
0.4
23
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
se. 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0-3
0. 1
29
ne. 6
0 0
e. I
e. 3
se. 2
e. I
e- 5
n. 2
se. 1
0 !
1-7
0.8
30
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.3
0. 1
3«
33
2.8
2.2
2.4
2.0
'•7
1.6
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.50
1.5
••3
I.O
I.I
0.9
0.8
0.7
o-S
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.6
* From dial reading.
f u
if
f.
*!
i i
1 ;
i .
t
1
i ■ : ■
ir
11
■;■
270
THE LADY FItANKMN BAY EXPEDITION.
FEBRUARY, i88j.
Tahlb CXI. — Direction an J velocity of the wind, February, i88a.
WMhini^on mean time. Reduce to local mean time by atlding 49»
Anemometer aliove the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
♦ = + 8l»44' i.--64'>4S' --4'>l9m
I Velocity, milei per hour.)
Date.
I a. m.
3 a. m.
3 a. m.
1
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
Direction
■ml
vcluclty.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a
m.
Noon.
ip. m.
2 p. m.
Direction
•ml
velocity .
Direction
■nil
Telocity .
Direction
• ikI
velocity.
Direction
•ml
velocity.
Direction ,
• ml 1
velocity
Direction
•ml
velocity.
0 1
Direction
•ml
velocity.
0 1
Direction
■nd
velocity .
0 0
Direction
•ml
velocity.
e. 1
Dlr.;t
an
velot
tion
1
ity.
Direction
• jmI
velocity.
Direction
knd
velocity.
Direction
■n<l
veloclly.
I
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 1
0 0
e.
3
ne. 6
0 0
.. ,1
3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 0
«• 3
0 0
se.
0
0 1
0 0
0 I ,
3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 1
0 1
e. 3
0 1
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 I 1
4
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
5
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0 1
6
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 3
0 I
0 0
0 1
0 0
se. 1
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 1
0 0 1
7
1
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
9
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0 1
10
0 1
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0 1
■ I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0 1
13
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0 ;
13
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 2
0 0
•4
0 1
ne. 1
ne. I
ne. 4
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
e. I
0
0
0 0
0 1
0 0
;i ::::::
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 1
0 1
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se.
0
0 0
0 1
«• 3
ne. 2
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
I
0 I
ne. 1
0 0
17
S. I
BW. 8
sw. 4
0 3
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 I
0 0
0
0
s. I
0 0
se. I
18
0 0
0 I
0 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
nc. 1
e. 0
e.
2
0 0
e. I
e. 2
«9
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
ne. 3
e. 3
0 0
e. 2
W. I
0 0
e.
I
e. 2
ne. I
0 0
30
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 I
ne. I
0 0
s. 2
0 0
0 0
e. I
0
0
0 I
e. 3
e. I
21
ne. 2
e- 3
<. 6
e. I
e. 6
e. 6
0 2
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
23
0 0
0 I
0 3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
23
0 1
0 0
se. I
se. I
0 0
ne. 2
ne. 2
se. 1
se. 2
e. I
0
0
0 0
ne. 3
0 0
34
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 I
0 0
ne. I
0 I
ne. I
e.
3
0 0
e. 3
0 I
as
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
ne. I
0 0
0 I
e. I
e. I
nw.
I
e. I
0 4
nw. 1
26
n. 3
n. I
n. I
0 0
ne. I
e. I
0 3
0 I
se. I
ne. 1
ne.
I
0 0
0 0
0 0
27
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 I
0 0
e. I
se.
I
0 0
0 0
0 0
28
Means...
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 0
0 0
0 0
0 0.
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.5
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.6
03
0
4
o.s
0.7
0.4
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond
0.2
0-3
0.4
0.3
0-3
0-3
0.3
0. 2
0-3
0. 1
0
3
0.2
0.3
0. 2
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
271
FEBRUARY, 1882.
Table CXI.— Dirfction and velocity of the wind, February^ i88j.
Waihini^on mean time. Reduce tn local mean time by adding 49"i
Anemometer almve the ground, 31 feet [9.4 metera].
^= + 8l<'44' > — 64<'4S'— — 4''I9"'
[Velocity, miles par hour.)
p. m. 2 p. m.
Direction
bnd
velocity.
Direction
and
veloclljr.
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
"
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
e.
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
I
0
0
0
ne.
J
e.
0
3
0
0
0
se.
I
e.
I
e.
2
ne.
I
0
0
e.
2
e.
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
le.
2
0
0
:.
2
0
1
0
4
nw.
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0-7
0-3
0.4
3p. m.
4 p.m.
5 p.m.
Direction
and
velocity.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
8 p. m.
Direction
and
Telocity.
9p. m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
Mean daily velocity.
I
1
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Miles per
hour.
Meters per
Mcond.
0.6
«. I
«. 4
e. 1
ne. I
0 1
ne. 6
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 0
« 3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
se. 1
0 0
0-3
0 1
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 2
le. I
0 0
se. I
e, 1
0 0
nw. 1
0.6
0.3
3
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
nw. I
0 0
0 1
0.2
0.0
4
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0. 1
0.0
S
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 I
0.4
0 2
6
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 1
0.0
7
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 2
0.0
8
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
ne. .
0. 1
0.0
9
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 D
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 1
0.0
10
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
II
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
12
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 t
ne. 0
0 4
ne. I
n. I
0 2
O.S
0. 2
«3
0 f
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.5
0.2
14
0 I
0 I
0 I
ne. I
nw. I
0 0
se. 2
0 0
0 0
ne. 3
0.8
0.4
IS
ne. 1
e. I
0 0
ne. I
ne. I
e. 2
0 0
ne. 1
ne. 1
0 0
0.6
0-3
16
0 0
e. I
e. I
e. 2
ne. 6
«• 3
ne. 2
e. 2
ne. 4
se. 2
1.8
0.8
17
0 I
0 0
ne. 2
ne. I
n. 1
SW. 5
n- 3
nw. 3
0 0
0 I
I.O
0.4
18
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
n. I
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0.7
0.3
J9
e. I
e- 3
0 0
nw. 3
n. I
n. I
0 0
ne. 2
0 I
ne. 1
1.0
0.4
20
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1. 1
0.5
21
nw. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 1
0 0
0. 2
0.0
22
e. I
0 0
se. 1
0 0
se. 1
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0.8
0.4
*3
0 I
SW. I
e. I
e- 3
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.7
0-3
»4
e. I
se. I
se. I
e- 3
se. 4
e. 2
se. 3
se. I
se. 2
n. 2
'•3
0.6
*s
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
e. 2
0 I
e- 3
0 0
0 0
0 1
0.9
0.4
26
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.2
0.0
27
ne. 0
0 0
0 0
0 c
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
s. 7
03
0. 1
28
0.4
O.S
03
0.7
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.5
0.4
0.9
0.56
0. 2
0.2
0. 1
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.2
0.4
0-3
0. 2
il
272
TUE LAUY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
MARCH, i832.
Tablf. (^\II. — Pirntion and Vfhhily of thf winJ, Manh, i88a.
Wuhington mean time. Reduce to local mean lime by adding 49">
Anemometer alH>ve the ground, Jl feel [9.4 meters].
ft=:-f-8i»44' A -64'' 45' —41119m
[Velncltv, miln per hnur]
Dale.
1 n. m.
3a
m.
3»-
m.
4a
m.
5 a. m,
611
m.
7 n. m.
Ka
in.
9«
m.
10 a.m.
II a.m.
Noon.
1 p.m.
3 p.m.
Uirectlun
itnil
velocity.
Direitinn
■nil
reliiclty.
DIrcillon
■ml
vslucity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
• nil
velocity.
DIrcrllon
and
velocity.
0 3
Diri'Cllini
anil
velocity.
DIrcillon
• ml
velocity.
DIrecilim
anil
velocity.
Direction
anil
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
I
0 2
0
1
0
0
0
1
sc. 7
c. 1
0
0
X.
7
H. 8
0 3
0 1
0 1
0 0
2
0 n
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
3
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
4
0 0
0
0
0
0
8.
I
0 I
ne.
3
0 1
c.
2
e.
3
n. 3
se. 3
0 I
0 0
0 0
1::::;
0 0
se.
3
e.
3
0
I
c. 1
nc.
3
e. I
e.
2
c.
3
e° i
e. 3
0 2
0 0
0 0
0 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
e. 16
e.
iK
e. 12
e.
9
se.
8
0 4
0 1
«■ 3
c. I
\.::-
ne. II
n.
.?
sc.
2
0
2
0 2
ne.
2
nw. 2
e.
1
nw.
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
sw. 0
0 1
0 0
0
0
ne.
,<
0
0
>••• 3
ne.
I
c. 1
ne.
2
nc.
1
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
9....'
ne. 1
n.
4
ne.
I
0
0
e. I
0
0
11c. I
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 0
10
e. 1
ne.
I
0
0
g.
I
s. 2
se.
I
0 0
n.
,1
0
0
e. I
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
II
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
13
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e. 4
e.
4
nc. 2
ne.
2
0
I
n- 3
0 1
0 I
n. 4
r. 3
•3
0 0
0
0
e.
1
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 1
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
14
se. I
se.
I
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
IS
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
16
0 0
0
0
0
0
e.
I
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
17
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
18
0 0
e.
I
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
lie. I
19
ne. 2
n.
2
sc.
2
0
0
s. I
s.
I
0 0
0
0
0
0
se. I
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
ao
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
31
ne. 5
c.
3
s.
7
s.
6
S. 12
s.
3
s. 8
5.
12
s.
8
8. 8
s. 7
s. 4
e. 9
ne. 4
33
0 0
e.
1
0
0
0
0
0 0
w.
,
0 0
0
0
ne.
I
0 0
0 0
ne. I
ne. 3
e. I
33
e. 2
0
0
0
0
e.
I
0 0
nw.
0
sc. 2
0
0
0
0
ne. I
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
24
se. 0
0
0
sc.
I
0
0
0 0
c.
t
0 0
e.
I
0
0
e. 1
S. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
25
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
I
c. 0
0
0
0
0
c. I
0 0
e. I
e. I
0 0
36
0 0
ne.
'
0
0
0
0
0 0
e.
'
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 I
C. I
0 0
e. I
V. 1
27
0 0
0
0
sc.
I
n.
,
ne. I
sc.
2
0 0
sw.
,
ne.
0
e. 1
0 0
e. 2
e. I
0 0
38
s. I
0
0
0
0
0
0
e. 1
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
I
e. 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
39
0 0
e.
0
0
I
0
0
0 0
c.
I
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
■0
0 0
e.
I
e.
2
e.
I
0 0
c.
I
e. I
e.
1
n.
2
sw. 2
s. 2
e. I
e. 3
0 I
3«
Means
Meads in
ne. 7
s.
4
s.
■
n.
4
se. 2
s.
4
C. I
e.
4
e.
2
e. 8
e. 8
ne. 8
ne. 3
0 0
I. I
0.
8
0.
8
0
6
1-7
1.
6
I. I
'•
4
I.
2
1.6
I. I
0.8
I.O
0.7
meters
per sec-
ond
o.s
0.
4
0.
4
0
3
0.8
0.
7
o-S
0.
6
0.
S
0.7
0.5
0.4
0.4
0-3
TIIK liADY rilANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
273
o o o o
o o o o
o o o o
o o o o
e. .? «■• I
n. 4 <■• *
o o o o
o o o o
o o I o o
O O ' o o
MARCH, i88j.
'J'abi.i; C'XII. — Dimtion and vdixily of the wind, Afiin/i, 1882.
Wniiliinginn nii-an tinic Ki:>lucv lu local invuii linic l>y uililiii^ 41^'u
Ancmoiiiclcr above tliu i;ruuiii|, ji Tcct [<; 4 luelcru].
f^-{-8l*44' ). 64'>45' — ^^ k/"
[Vdoclty, nilica |>cr hour |
3 l> m.
4 I' ">•
Illtrilloii
S p. m.
Dlrri'tiiin
•ml
C |i, m.
DIrcctInn
*nil
7 JI. m.
Dlreillon
ftiul
8 p. m.
IMrfillon
■ nil
9 p. m.
Direction
enil
10 p.
I>lrr<
II n
in.
lion
1
1 1 p. m.
Ulrvrllon
■ ml
Mltlniiiht.
Mc.in ilally veloclly.
«i
Uirectlcin
nirpcllnn
■ ml
1
Miles per
hour.
« s
Meter<i per
IMCtilld.
0.7
vcl»city.
11 0
velocity.
0 0
vcloiity.
vcliK'lly.
velocity.
velocity.
vcluiity,
vel'K.
Ity,
0
velmity.
velocity.
2
1
0 0
0 1
0 0
0 u
0 0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 0
ne. 0
e. 1
e. 2
ne. 1
0
0
nw. 1
0 0
0.2
0. 0
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 0
ne. 2
s. 2
sc.
4
0 1
ne. 1
0.4
0. 2
»
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
nw. 1
0 0
ne. 1
0
0
0 0
se. 1
0.8
0.4
4
w. 5
w. 6
AW. 9
!iW. 12
SW. II
SW. II
w. 9
s.
S
0 1
0 0
0.4
0. 2
(
e. 10
0 7
ne. 0
ne. 7
ne. 12
ne. 8
ne. S
ne.
8
ne. 1 1
ne. 10
7.0
3.1
6
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
1. 1
OS
7
0 0
n. 1
0 0
nw. 1
0 0
n. 1
0 0
0
0
0 0
ne. 1
0.7
0.3
8
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
e. 1
0 0
0.4
0. 2
<>
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 2
ne. t
c. 1
0 0
se.
1
nw. 1
0 0
0.8
0.4
10
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 2
0 1
0
0
0 0
0 0
0. 1
0.0
"
c 2
e. 2
e. 1
0 0
0 0
c. 1
c. J
KW.
2
e. 1
e. 2
' s
0.7
12
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 1
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0. 2
Q.O
M
0 0
0 0
0 0
ae. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0. 1
0.0
"4
0 0
0 0
0 1
e. 1
ne. 1
0 0
lie. 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0. 1
0. 0
IS
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
e. 1
0 0
0. 1
0.0
16
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
17
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0
1
»e. 0
0 0
OJ
0. 1
18
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
lie. 1
0 0
O.S
0. 2
19
0 0
sc. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
o' 0
0
0
ne. 1
no. 3
0.3
0.0
20
«-'. 4
ne. 9
e. 6
e. 7
e. 2
ne. 2
«• 3
e.
4
0 0
0 0
S-5
»S
21
0 0
ne. 1
e. I
KC. 1
0 0
c. I
0 0
0
0
nv. 2
ne. I
0.6
c-3
22
ne. 1
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 1
0 0
e.
1
0 0
0 0
o.s
0.2
23
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0
0
0 0
ne. 1
0-3
0. 1
24
0 0
0 1
0 0
e. 1
w, 1
0 0
ne. 1
se.
1
n. I
0 0
0.4
0. 2
2S
0 0
C. 2
0 0
ne. I
ne. 2
se. 1
nw. I
0
0
0 0
0 0
o.s
0. 2
2()
s. 2
e. I
0 0
nw. 1
e. 1
0 0
e. I
nw.
2
0 1
0 0
0.8
0.4
27
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
e. 1
0 0
0. 2
0.0
28
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
ne. 1
0 0
se.
1
0 0
0 0
0.2
0.0
29
e. 0
e. 1
e. 3
se. 1
8. 10
■e. ao
ic. 15
s.
S
0 1
s. 9
35
1.6
,?o
e. 1
0 0
0 0
C. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 1
2-5
1. 1
3«
0.8
1. 1
0-7
"•3
0.6
0.7
1.8
1.4
1
1
0.8
1.0
1. 13
0.4
o.s
o-3
0.8
0.6
0
s
0.4
0.4
o.s
0.4
w
H, Mis. 393, pt a X8
1
a
Hi
274
TUK LADY FllANKLlN BAY EXPEDITION.
APRIL, 1882.
Table CXI II. — Direction and velocity of the wind, April, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49">
Anemometer abuvc the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^=~f8i°44' ;i = — 64">4S' = — 4" 19"'
[Velocity, miles per houi].
1 )at(.".
1
I a. m.
Direction
ami
velocity.
2 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
0 0
3 a. III.
4 a. ni.
5 a. in.
6 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
0 0
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Dircetion
anil
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
se. I
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
anil
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
M.lll
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
e. I
e. I
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 2
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
3 .--
s. 2
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 I
e. I
se. 0
0 0
0 0
4
c. 2
0. I
e. 2
n. 4
e. 2
n. 2
0 0
e. 2
ne. I
ne. I
ne. I
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. 1
5
n. 2
n. 2
n\v. I
n\v, I
n. 2
e. 2
ne. 5
ne. 5
ne. 3
w. 3
w. 2
s- 3
se. 7
se. 4
6
e. 2
se. 4
n. 2
e. 2
nw. 3
n. 2
ne. 2
e. 1
e. 2
e- S
e. 2
e. 1
e. I
e. I
7
c. 2
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. I
e. 2
»:• 3
n- 3
e. 1
e. 2
e. I
e. 1
se. I
8
e. ■
e. I
e. I
e. 2
e. I
e. 2
nw. 4
s. 2
n. 2
nw. I
S. I
nw. 3
n. 2
e- S
9
s. 14
.s. 18
s. 19
.sw. 16
s. 15
ne. 9
se. 6
e. 4
e. 5
se. 4
se. 4
se. 3
se. 2
se, 6
10
e. 3
se. 3
w. 4
s. .3
se. 2
e. 2
se. 3
e. 2
se. 2
se- 3
se. 2
e. 2
e. 2
e. 3
II
e. 9
s. 9
e. 7
e. 3
ne. 3
se. 3
e- 3
ne. 5
e. 2
c. 2
e- 3
s. 6
S. 2
s- 3
12
sc. 5
«;■ 3
s- 3
e. 2
s. 2
e- 3
e. 1
e. 2
e. 2
e. 2
c. I
w. 3
sw. I
n. I
13
S\V. I
ne. 2
s. 2
s. 2
S. I
s- 3
n. 2
ne. 4
se. 2
se. 2
se. 3
n. I
se. 2
ne. 2
14
0. 2
lie. 2
e. I
n. 2
ne. 2
n. 2
e. 2
n. I
e. 2
se. 2
se. 2
se. 2
sw. 2
nw. I
15
c. 4
"• 3
"• 3
s. 4
se. 3
e. 2
se. 2
e. 2
se. 1
se. 2
se. 1
nw. 2
nw, I
ne. 2
10
'>• 3
inv. 2
^•- 3
ne. 2
". 5
e. 4
n. 4
n. 4
s. 2
e. 2
e. 2
ne, 6
ne. II
e. 7
17
lie. 3
se. 3
n. 2
e. I
e. 4
n. 2
e. 2
e. 1
se. 1
M'. I
sw. I
n. I
n. 1
e, I
iS
s. 2
se. 2
n- 3
e. 2
e. I
0 0
se. I
0 I
sw. I
.sW. 2
se. I
se. I
s. 2
w. 1
i>>
.se. I
0 0
\v. 2
s. 2
s. 2
s. 2
n. I
n. 1
0 0
W. I
sw. I
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw, 2
20
<-■• 4
e. 4
e. 6
e- 3
e. 3
ne. I
e. 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
e. I
e. 0
n. I
21
se. 2
se. 1
ne. I
e. 2
ne. 5
ne. 2
n. 2
lie. 2
n. I
ne. 3
e. I
ne. 3
n- 3
e. 2
22
s. 12
se. 7
s. 8
s. 21
s. 10
s. 14
s. IS
s. 8
se. 15
s- 5
s. 14
s. 7
s. 9
s. 22
23
■>• 5
sw. 9
sw. 22
sw. 17
W. II
sw. 7
n. 6
ne. 4
e. 4
e- 3
e. I
"• J
e. 4
e- 3
24
se. 3
se. 3
se. 2
se. 3
s. 2
ne. 1
n. 2
nw. 2
n. I
se. I
ne. 2
sw. 2
n. 2
nw. 3
25
.se. 2
ne. 1
e. 9
e. 22
e 26
se. 24
e. 22
e. 18
e. 16
s. 7
sw. 3
w. 5
nw. 2
sw. 3
26
e. S
e. 4
e. 2
w. S
ne. 2
e. 1
ne. 1
0 0
w. I
W. I
W. I
0 0
S. I
s. I
27
e. 3
e. 2
se. 2
.se. 2
e. I
ne. I
0 0
se. 1
0 0
W. I
sw. I
W. I
w. 2
w. 2
28
«'. 3
w. 5
e. 5
e. 4
ne. 3
e. 1
s. I
sw. I
0 0
S. I
S. I
S. I
S. I
s. I
29
e. 2
e. 6
e. I
lie. I
ne. I
ne. 3
ne. I
e. 2
n. I
n. 2
n. 2
nw. I
nw. 2
nw. 3
30
Means . _ .
e. I
se. 2
e. I
e. I
e. I
ne. I
ne. 1
ne. 1
0 I
nw, I
w. I
nw. 2
nw. 2
w. 2
2.8
3-4
3-4
3-9
4.4
4.0
11
3-2
2.6
2.4
a- 7
2.0
2. I
2-4
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond
'■5
'S
1.7
2.0
1.8
'•5
1.4
1.2
I. I
1.2
0.9
0.9
I.I
1-3
ill
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
275
2 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity, velocity.
e.
ne.
o
ne.
se.
e.
o
o
ne.
se.
e. I
e. I
n. 2
se. 2
e. 2
e. I
se. I
e. 5
se. 6
e. 3
S. 2 S.
SW. 1 "•
se. 2 ne.
SW. 2 nw. I
nw. 1 I ne. 2
ne. II
n. I
s. 2
SW. 2
e. o
e.
e.
w.
SW.
n.
n.
s.
e.
n.
nw.
s.
w.
s.
nw.
nw.
3
9
4
2
2
I
2
I
2
2
e.
2-4
1. 1
2
S. 22
e. 3
nw. 3
SW. 3
s. I
w. 2
s. I
nw. 3
w. 2
~2.8
1-3
APRIL, i883.
Table CXIII. — Direction and velocity of the windy April, 1882.
Washington menu time. Kcducc tu local mean t nic liy addini; 4<)''<
.\nemomctcr above the ground, 31 lect [9.4 meters].
^==-|8i°44' /.--.- 64°45':^— 4'' ir/"
(Velocity, miles per hour].
3 !>■ '"■
Direction
and
velocity.
4 p. m.
S p. m.
6 p. m.
7 1.. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
8 p. ni.
9 p. m.
Uirccllon
and
velocity,
loj). m.
Direction
and
velocity.
ne. I
1 1 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
Midnight.
Direction
and
velocity.
0 0
Mean daily velocity.
4J
Direction
and
velocity.
0 0
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity,
ne. I
Direction
and
velocity.
ne. 6
Miltit per
hour.
0,8
Meters per
second.
0,4
e. I
0 0
ne. 4
nw.
2
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
e.
I
nc. 1
0 0
0 0
0.3
0. I
2
se. 4
se. I
e. 2
e. 2
c. 3
ne. I
nc.
2
e. 2
n. 2
n, I
I, 1
o-S
3
sc. 1
e. 2
e. I
e. 2
e. I
e. 2
e.
I
e. 2
c. I
ne, 2
I.";
0.7
4
se. 4
se. 2
se. 2
se. 3
sc. 2
e. 6
e.
6
e. S
t- S
c, 4
3 ^
«S
.5
se. 2
e. 2
n. I
n. 3
n. I
n. 2
SW.
2
s- 3
e. 3
e, 2
2. 1
0.9
6
se. I
se. 2
e. I
e. 1
e. I
e. 2
e.
2
e, I
e, 2
C, 2
1.6
0.7
7
se. 3
se. 11
e. 2
e. 3
e. 11
e. 17
e.
IS
e. z\
se. 16
s, 13
S-8
2.6
8
se. 7
sc. 5
s- S
s- 3
s. 14
s. 4
sc.
4
se. 2
se. 4
SW, 2
6.9
3«
9
"• 3
SW. 2
e. 4
e. 3
se. 4
se. 4
c.
<>
ne. 7
lie. 3
c, 8
3-3
1-5
10
s. 8
s. 3
nc. 4
se. 3
e. 3
e- 3
sc.
3
<:• 3
e. 3
c, 4
4.1
1.8
II
n. I
n. 1
e. I
se. 2
s. 2
e. I
ne.
I
c. 2
ne. I
SW. I
1.9
0.8
12
sc. 2
se. 3
0 *o
0 0
0 0
s. 1
se.
1
ne. 2
s. 2
sc, 1
"•7
0.8
13
nw. 2
ne. 2
n- 3
ne. I
s- 3
ne. I
nc.
2
nc. 3
lie. 3
ne, I
1.9
0.8
14
n. 2
SW. 2
c. I
se. 2
sc. 2
w. S
se.
9
nc. 13
s. 4
se. 3
31
••4
'5
se. J
se. 3
se. 2
s. 2
sc. I
I'.e. 2
n.
7.
ne. 3
nc. 3
nc, 3
34
•S
16
I n. 1
n. I
nc. 2
SW. I
w. I
e. 2
se.
2
sc. I
sc. I
e- 3
1.6
0.7
"7
SW. 1
0 0
SW. 1 1
SW. I
S. I
se. I
se.
I
e. I
se, I
0 0
I. 2
o.S
iS
SW. I
nc. 3
se. 3
nc. 2
4
e. 9
e.
S
c. 8
c, 8
e, 7
2.9
13
"9
0 0
0 1
e. I
DC. I
sc. I
w. 3
n.
I
n. 2
se, 2
e, 2
'•7
0.8
20
ne. 1
e. 2
S. 2
ne. I
e. 2
sc. 2
n.
,
s- S
s. 22
s, 16
3-5
1.6
21
s. 21
s. 20
S. 2S
s. 23''
S. 22»
S. 24"
s.
25"
se. 13"
S. 12
nc, 9
16.1
7.2
22
n. 5
ne. 5
c. 4
se. S
SW. 4
sc. 5
se.
3
ne. 2
ne. 2
e. 2
5-7
2-5
23
nw. I
n. 2
nw. 1
n. I
SW. I
W. 2
ne.
I
n- 3
w, I
nc, 2
1.8
0.8
24
n. 3
s. 2
nc. 2
ne. 26
ne. S
nc. 9
n.
7
e. 3
e, 6
ne, 7
8.8
3-9
25
w. I
W. I
n. I
nw. I
n. I
S. I
se.
3
se. 2
se, 4
c- 3
1.9
0.8
26
SW. I
SW. 2
w. 2
ne. I
"• 3
ne. 2
e.
2
e. 3
ne, 3
w, 4
I 7
0.8
27
S. 2
W. I
w. 2
n. 2
n. 4
0 0
ne.
I
n. I
ne, 2
e- 3
1.9
0.8
28
nw. I
nw. 2
nw. I
0 0
nw. 2
nw. I
nw.
I
nw. 1
w, I
sc. 2
1-7
0.8
29
n. 3
n. 2
n. I
nw. 2
nw. 3
nw. 3
nw.
I
nw. 1
nw. I
nw. 2
i-S
0.7
30
2.9
2.8
2.6
2.6
3-2
4.0
3
8
3-9
4.0
3-6
3- 16
13
••3
1.2
1.2
>-4
1.8
_
7
«-7
1,8
1.6
1.4
1,4
\ \\ ijl
"From dial reading.
Mr
,
■
!
i
i
]
:i ■
270
THE LADY FllANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
MAY, 1882.
'Iaiu-k CXIV. — Direction amivclocHy of the wind, May, i88a
Washington mean time. F.educe to local mean lime by adding 49""
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
0^ + 81044' ?.- -64045' - -4'' >9"'
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
Itate.
I
I a. m.
2 a. m.
3 I.
m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a.
m.
7 a. m.
8 a.m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
I p.m.
2 p. m.
Direction
and
veliiclly.
Direction
and
velocity .
n. 2
Directinn
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity .
Direction
and
velocity .
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
ne. I
0
0
ne. I
n. I
n.
I
n. 2
0 0
n. 2
sw. I
n. I
n. I
nw. 2
nw. I
2
0 0
e. 2
w.
I
w. 1
0 0
0
0
w. 2
0 0
w. 1
w. I
w. I
w. 2
w. I
w. I
3
e. 4
ne. 4
ne.
I
nw. 3
e. 7
ne.
3
.s. 15
s. 8
sw. 12
S. 10
s. 19
se. 16
i. 12
se. 10
4 --
s- 3
e. 10
e.
18
ne. 14
ne. 15
ne.
II
sw. 6
s. 8
s. 3
ne. 2
nw. 2
n. 2
n. I
nw. 2
5
w. 3
\v. I
nw.
I
ne. I
ne. 1
ne.
'
ne. 2
ne. 1
w. I
s. I
nw. I
sw. I
nw. 2
nw. I
6
ne. 2
0 I
ne.
I
0 0
e. I
e.
I
c. 2
w. I
sw. I
s. 1
nw. 2
s. 2
nw. I
se. 2
7
e- 3
ne. 2
s.
4
sw. 2
e. 2
sw.
3
s. 2
s. 14
S. 2
s. 1
se. 2
nw. I
nw. 2
nw. 3
«
0 0
e. 2
e.
3
ne. 2
n 4
n.
12
C. 21
sw. II
s. 7
e. 4
sw. 8
se. 3
e. 7
e. 13
9
n. 6
n. 5
ne.
4
ne. 3
ne. 7
ne.
2
sw. I
sw. I
W. 2
sw. I
sw. I
sw. I
sw. 2
sw. 2
10
0 0
ne. 2
s.
2
s. I
sw. 1
0
0
S. 2
se. 2
S. I
S. I
v I
W. 2
W. 2
W. 2
II
"• 5
ne. S
e.
2
se. I
W. I
0
0
S. I
w. 1
w. I
nw. I
W. 1
W. 2
W. I
W. 2
12
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0
0
W. I
S. I
S. 2
s. 2
s- 3
s- 3
S. 2
S. 1
13
n. I
n. I
nw.
I
ne. 2
s. 3
se.
14
se. 13
s. 7
s. 6
ne. 3
sw. 2
s. 15
s. 17
s. 9
14
«-•• 7
ne. 5
ne.
3
nw. I
n. 1
n.
I
ne. I
se. I
se. 2
S. I
S. 2
s- 3
S. I
S. I
'5
nw. 2
nw. 2
nw.
2
n. I
n. I
nw.
I
n. I
n. I
n. I
n. 2
W. I
W. I
w. 2
W. 1
16 ,
sw. 7
ne. 4
sw.
3
sw. 4
nw. 6
sw.
2
sw. 14
se. 5
se. 3
se. 3
sw. 3
s- 5
s- 3
s- 3
17
S. I
s. I
w.
I
sw. I
s. I
sw.
2
S. I
se. I
se. I
se. I
S. I
S. I
s. 0
S. I
18
S. I
S. I
sw.
I
nw. I
0 0
w.
1
nw. I
0 0
n. I
n. 2
n. 0
n. I
n. I
n. 1
19
n. 7
n. 5
ne.
3
n- 3
n. I
n.
2
n. I
ne. I
0 0
n. I
n. I
n. I
n. I
n. I
20 ...
ne. 9
ne. 3
n.
S
ne. I
ne. I
nw.
I
ne. I
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. 1
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. I
21
ne. 2
n. 1
e.
2
se. 2
e. 2
nw.
I
se. 2
se. 2
0 I
e. 2
se. I
0 0
ne. 2
n. I
22
sw. 3
s. I
n.
I
ne. 2
S. I
se.
I
se. I
se. I
s. 3
s- 3
s. 2
s- 3
s. 2
e. 9
23--. -
e. 6
ne. 7
se.
3
e. 4
ne. 3
se.
2
w. 2
nw. I
nw. 3
nw. 2
s- 3
s. 2
»• 3
s. 2
24
nc. I
ne. I
n.
I
ne. I
ne. I
n.
2
n. I
ne. I
ne. I
w. 2
w. I
W. 2
w. i
nw. 2
25
ne. 2
"• 3
n.
2
nw. 3
n. 6
n.
5
n. 6
ne. 3
ne. 4
ne. 3
ne. 2
SW. 2
sw. 3
sw. 2
26
ne. 2
n. 2
n.
,
ne. 2
nc. I
0
0
ne. I
se. I
SC. I
se. I
se. I
se. 2
se. 3
se. I
27
"• 3
n. I
e.
I
se. 2
n- 3
s.
3
e. 2
W. I
sw. 2
s. 3
s. 2
s. 3
»• 3
s. 6
28
s. 7
s. 10
s.
>4
se. 13
s. 7
s.
5
nc. I
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. 2
w. 2
w. 3
w. 2
w. 2
29
n. 5
ne. 5
s.
S
"• 3
n. 6
e.
3
w- 3
nw. 1
nw. 2
nw. 4
n. 4
n. 4
n- 3
n. 4
30--
e. 15
C. II
e.
«7
e. 17
e. 16
e.
16
e. 14
e. 16
e. 14
e. 16
e. 14
e. .3
e. 10
e. 4
3'
Means
w. I
s. I
sw.
2
^w. 2
S. I
s.
I
w. 2
ne. 2
e. ,
e. 3
e. 2
c. 14
e. 2
e. I
3-5
3-3
3
4
30
3-3
3
I
3.7
2.8
2.7
2.6
2.8
3-3
3-«
3-0
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond
1.6
'•5
I
S
..3
'•5
I
4
"•7
1-3
1.2
I. 2
••3
"•S
1.4
•■3
S\
iKI^'flt.l
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
277
I p. m.
2 p. m.
n
Direction
Direction
•nd
and
velocity.
1
velocity.
nw. 2
nw. I
w. t
w. I
S. 12
se. lo
11. I
nw. 2
nw. 2
nw. I
nw. I
se. 2
nw. 2
nw. 3
e. 7
e. »3
sw. 2
sw. 2
W. 2
W. 2
W. I
W. 2
1
S. 2
S. I
s. 17
S. 9
s. 1
S. I
W. 2
W. I
s. 3
s- 3
s. o
S. I
n. I
n. I
n. I
n. I
DC. 2
ne. I
ne. 2
n. I
s. 2
e. 9
»• 3
S. 2
w. i
nw. 2
sw. 3
sw. 2
se. 3
se. I
»• 3
s. 6
w. 2
W. 2
n- 3
n. 4
e. lo
e. 4
e. 2
e. I
3-»
1.4
3-0
••3
MAY, 1882.
Table CXIV. — Direction and velocity of the wind. May, T.882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"'
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
0-:. + 8l<'44'
X - — 64" 45' — — 4'' 19"
[Velocity, miles per hour.j
3pm.
4 p.m.
Sp. m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
Direction
10 p. m.
Direction
II p. m.
Direction
Midnight.
Mean daily velocity.
DlracUon
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
1
Miles per
hour.
Meiers per
f^conil.
and
and
and
and
end
and
and
and
and
and
«-•
velocity.
Telocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity,
nw. I
velocity .
nw. I
velocity.
velocity,
se. 3
(4
I
nw. I
nw. 1
nw. 2
0 0
nw I
nw. I
<:• 3
t. 2
0.5
w. 2
w. I
n. S
n. 2
n. 2
n. 2
se. 2
n. 3
n. 2
ne. 3
i-S
0.7
2
s. 7
s. IS
s. 12
s. 14
ne. S
e. 7
e. 7
ne. 6
e. 5
ne. 9
8.8
3-9
3
S. I
s- 3
n. 2
n. 1
n. I
n. 4
ne. 4
»• 3
sw. 2
w. 2
5.0
2. 2
4
nw. 2
se. 1
w. I
w. I
W. I
w. 1
w. I
ne. I
W. 2
0 0
I. 2
0.5
S
nw. I
nw. 2
nw. I
ne. I
W. I
se. 2
e. i
e. I
ne. 6
e. 8
1.9
0.8
6
e. 12
e. 16
sw. 10
se. 3
e. 2
e. 2
e. 2
se. 3
se. 2
s. I
.1-6
1.6
7
e. 18
e. 17
sw. 12
nw. 6
e. 4
e. 12
p. 10
s. 7
e. 6
nc. 6
8.2
3-7
8
sw. I
sw. I
nw. 1
se. 3
e. I
e. 6
e, 6
n. 9
e- 3
se. 2
30
••3
9
sw. 1
sw. I
w. 2
ne. I
ne. I
ne. I
ne. I
ne. 1
nc. I
ne. 2
>-3
0.6
10
W. I
W. 2
w. 3
nw. I
nw. 1
0 0
W. I
nw. I
n. I
w. I
'S
0,7
II
0 2
nw. 0
n. 2
e. I
w. 2
0 0
w. I
nw. I
0 0
0 0
I.O
0.4
12
S. 2
s. IS
e. 10
e. 13
e. 9
e. IS
e. 19
e. 18
e. 17
e. 14
9.4
4i
'3
S. 2
s. 1
ne. I
nw. 1
nw. 2
nw. I
nw. 2
nw. 2
nw. 3
nw. 2
2. 0
0.9
14
W. I
n. 1
ne. 1 2
ne. 16
ne. 17
ne, 16
ne. 19
ne. 16
ne. 14
ne. 14
6.0
2.7
'5
S. I
S. I
nw. I
sw. 2
nw. I
nw. 2
s. I
s. 2
s. I
0 0
2.8
>-3
16
W. I
W. I
w. I
W. I
s. 2
s. 2
s. 2
0 0
s. I
0 0
1.0
0.4
17
n. I
n. I
n. 1
0 0
n. I
n. 2
ne. I
w. 2
nw. 7
n. S
1.4
0.6
iS
n. I
n. 3
s. 2
W. I
se. 2
ne. 2
se. 3
ne. S
ne. 2
nc. 4
2.2
1.0
19
ne. I
ne. 2
S. I
W. I
w. I
sw. 3
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. 5
ne. 3
2. I
0.9
20
e. I
e. I
S. I
S. 2
S. 2
e. 4
se. 2
s. 6
s. 1
s. 3
1.8
0.8
21
e. 3
e. 8
s. 6
s- 3
S. I
s. I
s. I
s. 1
nw. 3
ne. 3
2.6
I. 2
22
s. 2
s. T
n. 2
n. 5
nw. I
ne. 0
ne. 2
se. I
w. I
lie. 2
2.6
1. 2
23
nw. I
nw. i.
nw. I
n- 5
nw. 3
n. I
nw. 3
n. 6
ne. 4
n. 2
2.0
0.9
24
sw. 2
S-.V. 3
sw. 3
s- 3
w. 2
sw. 4
sw. I
sw. 1
ne. I
e. I
2.8
••3
25
sw. 2
sw. 1
n. 2
s. 2
n. I
n. 2
ne. 2
0 0
W. I
s. I
1.4
0.6
26
s. 12
se. 8
s. 4
se. 9
s. 10
se. 11
s. 12
S. lO
s. 14
s. 12
S-V
2-5
27
S. 2
s. 14
se. 17
s. 14
s. 14
s. 17
se. 18
se. 13
se. 14
n. 8
X.4
3.«
28
s. 3
se. 10
e. 13
se. 6
e. 7
"• 3
n. I
w. 2
e. 2
c. 17
4.9
2. 2
29
e- 3
e. 2
s. 4
e- 7
s. 4
s- 3
s. 4
nw. 3
w. 2
s. 3
9.5
K2
30
e. 2
e. 2
S. 2
SW. 14
sw. 2
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 3
sw. 2
e. 3
2. 1
0.9
3 1
30
4.5
4-4
4-2
"
4.2
4.3
4.2
4- '
43
3-5"
>-3
2.0
2.0
1.9
«s
1.9
1.9
1.9
1.8
1.9
1.6
1.6
278
THE LAUY PKAiTKLTIf BAY EXPEDlTIOll."
li
i Hi:
^]
Date.
JUNE, 1882.
Table CXV. — Direction and velocity 0/ the wind, yune, 1882,
Washington mean lime. Keciuce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^ = + 81° 44' ^— — 640 4S'--— 41' IQ"-
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
r a. m. 2 a. m. ' 3 a. m.
10
II
12
13
14
IS
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23 -
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Means
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond.
Direction Direction Direction
Eiiii and and
velocity, velocity, velocity.
ne.
2
se.
,
nw
n.
4
s.
sw.
2
sw.
sw.
2
ne.
n.
3
sw.
w.
I
nw
nw.
I
sw.
sw.
2
s.
s.
3
sw.
nw.
2
w.
sw.
3
sw.
e.
I
w.
w.
I
w.
w.
I
sw.
1
sw.
,
e.
e.
>3
sw.
e.
2
se.
e.
2
w.
w.
2
s.
,j
s.
18
se.
se.
14
se.
l<y
s.
8
se.
e.
7
sc.
s.
2 1
w.
w.
2 '.
s.
s.
I
sw.
2
sw.
2
•e.
28
se.
20
s.
'3
s.
>4
n.
2
ne.
2
nw. 2
se. 3
s. I
s. I
ne. 10
w. I
nw. 2
s. I
sw. 2
nw.
sw.
nw.
sw.
w.
w.
c.
e.
ne.
3
3
2
I
4
I
'3
9
4
2
'7
7
6
«4
3
w. 4
s. I
sw. 2
se. 16
s. 21
4 a. m.
5 a. m. 6 a. m. j 7 a. m.
DIrertion ' Direction Direction Direction
nn'l and and I and
velocity, vclodty. velocity, velocity.
o o
o o
s. I
s. o
ne. II
n. 2
n. I
s. I
nw. 3
s. 4
sw. 3
o o
sw. 2
SW. 3
sw. 2
e- IS
e. 14
ne. 2
s. 2
s. 24
se. 7
e- 7
e. 8
sw. S
w. 2
S. 2
S. I
se. 19
S. II
5'
2-3
4.2
5.4
2-4
5-4
2-4
e.
se.
o
ne.
ne. 12
ne. I
ne. 2
SW. 2
nw. 2
nw. I
sw. 2
nw. I
sw. 2
W. 2
W. I
e. 17
e. 16
ne. 2
sw. 4
s.
s.
se.
w.
e.
w.
s.
sw.
se.
s.
22
s
7
3
4
I
2
2
II
«3
S-o
e.
s.
ne.
e.
c- «3
n. 2
ne. I
ne. 2
s. I
sw. 2
sw. 3
sw. 2
SW. 2
nw. 2
sw. I
e- '3
e. 13
nc. 2
sw. 3
S. 22
s. 6
w. 6
nw. 3
se. 6
w.
s.
3
2
2
8
IS
e. I
se. I
se. I
sw. 2
e. 16
ne. 2
n 2
s. 2
e. 2
nw.
sw.
w.
sw.
w.
W. I
e. 13
e. 9
ne. 2
sw. I
s. 24
s. 4
se. 10
nw. 2
se. 6
s. 2
s. 2
sw. 2
s. 6
sw. 13
s. 13 S. II
5°
2. 3 2. 2
8 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
e. I
se. 2
s. I
nw. I
e. 19
sw. 2
n. I
sw. 2
"■ 3
s. a
sw. 3
sw. I
w. S
S. 2
SW. 3
e. II
e. «3
ne. 3
SW. 2
s. 19
s. 7
W. 1 2
nw. 3
sw. 4
s. 2
S. 2
SW. I
«• 3
se. 12
s. 14
S-2
2-3
9 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
o o
.se. 2
s. I
nw. 2
e. 10
sw. 3
n. 2
sw. 3
w. I
ne. 2
sw. 2
sw. o
w. S
e. 4
se.
s.
e.
ne.
sw.
4
6
II
3
10 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
se. 2
se. 2
se. 2
nw. I
se. 15
sw. 3
.se. 2
sw. 4
n. 2
sw.
sw.
w.
sw.
se.
s. 20
s. 8
s. 4
nw. 3
sw. 2
S. 2
s. 4
sw. 3
s. S
s. IS
s. 14
4-7
2. 1
se. 14
s- 3
c. II
se. 4
sw. 2
s. 18
s. 8
nw. S
s. 2
sw. 2
«• 3
s- 3
sw. 3
s- 5
s. 9
s 16
5-3
2.4
II a. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
e. I
s. 2
se. 2
nw. 2
se. 8
sw. 2
se. 2
sw. 2
sw. 4
e. 7
sw. 3
nw. I
w. 2
s. 3
se. 13
s. 4
e. 10
se. 4
sw. S
s. 17
s. 8
w. 3
e. 3
sw. 2
s- 3
S. 2
SW. 2
S. 12
S. 12
Noon.
I p. m. I 2 p. m.
Direction Direction
and and
velocity. I velocity.
se. 3
s. 2
se. I
w. 2
se. 4
sw. 2
.se. 2
sw. 3
s. 2
w. 6
sw. 3
e. 10
sw. I
nw. 8
.se.
s.
e.
se. 3
.sw. 8
>4
3
II
s.
s.
w.
nw,
sw.
•7
10
2
3
s- 3
s. 2
.sw. I
s. 10
s. 18
s. 18 s. 20
5-3 S-8
2. 4 2. 6
e. 2
s- 3
s. 2
W. 2
e.
sw.
se.
sw.
sw.
sw. 4
sw. 2
e. 16
sw. 3
w. 3
se.
s.
e.
se.
s.
•7
I
•3
4
16
s. 16
S. II
s- 3
nw. S
sw. 3
s- 3
s. 2
sw. 3
se. 10
s. 20
s. 19
6-3
2.8
Direction
and
velocity.
s.
w.
e- 7
sw. 2
se. 2
s- 3
sw. 3
nw. 4
sw. 2
e. IS
sw. a
w. 2
se. 16
s. 2
e- 13
•"■ S
s. 4
s. 14
s. II
sw. 2
s. 4
sw. 2
S. 2
S. 2
SW. 3
.se. IS
se. 12
se. 19
S.8
2.6
THE LAUY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
279
I p. m.
2 p. m.
n Direction
and
. velocity.
Direction
•nil
velocity.
e. 2
e. I
s. 3
s- 3
S. 2
s. 2
W. 2
w. 1
[ e. 5
e. 7
! SW. 3
sw. 2
! se. 2
se. 2
J sw. 3
s- 3
8 sw. 4
sw. 3
j sw. 4
nw. 4
; sw. 2
sw. 2
J e. l6
e. IS
r sw. 3
sw. 2
? w. 3
W. 2
1 se. 17
.se. 16
1 s. I
S. 2
e. 13
e. «3
se. 4
s. i6
s. 5
s. 4
s. i6
.s. 14
S. II
s, II
s- 3
sw. 2
nw. 5
s. 4
sw. 3
sw. 2
s- 3
S. 2
S. 2
S. 2
sw. 3
SW. 3
se. lo
se. IS
s. 2o
se. 12
s. 19
se. 19
6-3
2.8
5-8
2.6
JUNE, 1882.
Table CXV. — Direction and 7<elocUy of t/w ininif, yune, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time liy adding 49"'
Anemometer alx)ve the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^=4-81° 44' /:- -64° 4S'- — 4'' \T
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
3 p.m.
Direction
4 p.m.
Sp. m.
Direction
6 p. m.
Direction
7 p. ra.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
Mean daily velocity.
V
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
1
Miles per
hour.
Meters per
second.
and
and
and
and
anil
and
antl
and
and
and
a
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
vc liK'ity .
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
e. I
e. I
w. 2
w. 1
sw. 1
s. 2
s. I
sw. 2
se. 2
nw. 4
1.4
0.6
,
s. 3
s. 3
S- 3
s. 2
s. 3
sw. 2
s. I
w. 3
s. 1
sw. 2
2-3
I.O
2
s. 2
S. I
SW. 2
W. I
W. 2
W. I
0 0
nw. I
sw. I
w. t
••3
0.6
3
W. 2
w. 4
ne. 12
ne. 10
ne. 18
e. 10
nw. 8
ne. 14
e. 7
n. 10
4.8
2. I
4
e. 4
e- 3
sw. 5
sw. 3
nw. 3
n. 2
n. 2
n. 2
sw. 2
n. 2
7.0
3'
5
nw. 3
nw. 4
w. 3
n. 2
w. 2
nw. 3
nw. 3
nw. 2
nw. 2
n\.. I
2. 2
1.0
6
se. 2
sw. -i
w. I
s. 2
w. 2
s. 2
nw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 2
s\. 2
i.S
0.8
7
s- 3
s. 4
sw. 2
s. 2
sw. 4
nw. 2
nw. 3
n. 3
n- 3
s. 2
2-5
1.1
8
n- 3
sw. 2
nw. 2
nw. 4
sw. 4
n. 2
nw. 2
nw. 2
nw. 3
n. 6
2-7
1.2
9
nw. 2
SW. 2
w. 2
sw. 2
sw. 2
e. 6
se. 12
e. II
ne. 7
nw. 3
4.2
1.9
10
sw. 3
SW. 2
sw. 2
s. I
n. 2
n. I
sw. 2
s. I
s. 2
sw. I
2.4
1. I
II
sw. 10
n. 4
sw. 3
e. 8
ne. S
sw. 4
ne. 3
sw. 5
w. 2
sw. 2
4.2
1.9
12
W. 2
w. 2
w. 2
w. 2
w. 3
w. I
w. 3
w. 1
w. I
W. I
2. I
0.9
>3
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 1
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 1
sw. I
sw. I
sw. 1
2.4
1.1
14
se. 14
se. 10
se. 9
se. 14
se. 9
e. II
e. IS
e. 15
e. 12
e. 12
8.8
3-9
'5
S. I
s. 2
S. 2
s- 3
sw. 3
sw. I
w. 2
w. 2
sw. 3
w. I
S-9
2.6
16
e. 16
e. 13
e. >3
e. 12
e. 12
e. 10
e. 12
e. IS
e. 10
e- 3
II. 0
4.9
17
s- 3
s. 3
s- 5
s- 3
se. 4
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 3
sw. 3
w. 2
30
"•3
18
s. 7
s. 10
S. II
s. 9
s. 8
s. 7
s. 9
s. 4
s. 7
s. 14
5.8
2.6
"9
s. 13
s. IS
s. 14
s. 13
se. 1 1
sw. 6
s. 10
se. If
se. lo
se. II
15.8
7.1
20
s. 8
se. 12
se. II
se. 13
s. 9
sw. 6
e. 2
se. 4
sc. 1 1
se. 9
7-9
3.5
21
sw. 3
sw. 2
nw. 6
nw. 3
nw. 2
nw. 2
se. 2
se. S
se. 6
e. 13
s.f'
2.5
22
s. 3
e. 2
w. 3
sw. 2
se. 9
se. 13
s. 6
se. 4
se. S
sc. 7
5«
2-3
23
s. 3
se. 12
s. 8
w. 5
w. 5
s. 5
w. 7
nw. 1
w. 2
W. 2
4.0
1.8
24
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 3
sw. 3
sw. 3
s- 3
s. 3
s. 1
s. I
s. 3
2-4
1. I
25
S. 2
w. 3
'Sw. 2
s. 2
s. 3
w. 2
w. 2
sw. 2
w. 4
sw. 2
2.2
1.0
20
S. 2
S. 2
s- 3
s. 2
w. 3
s- 3
nw. 5
s. 8
S. 21
s. 13
3-2
••7
27
se. 18
se. 15
se. 13
se. 17
se. IS
se. 16
s. 16
s. 17
s. 17
s. 19
13.8
6.2
28
s. IS
s. 12
s. 16
s. 17
s. 16
s. 16
S. 12
s. If
s. 8
nw. 4
'3-5
6.0
29
se, 20
se. 19
se. 17
se. 18
se. 16
se. IS
se. 8
se. 13
sc. 15
se. IS
•3-7
6.1
30
j
5.8
S-7
6.0
5-9
6.8
S3
5-2
5-9
5-7
5.6
5-41
2.6
2-5
2.7
2.0
3.0
2.4
2-3
2.6
2-5
2-5
2.4
2.4
1
11
jp'
:i
280
IDE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JULY, 1882.
Table CXVL — Ditection andvclocity of the wind, yufy, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49<"
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^=: + 8l''44' X= — 64045' = — 4'M9'n
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
Date.
I a. m.
Direction
2a
m.
3 a. m.
Direction
4a
m.
5 am.
6a
m.
7a
m.
8 a.
m.
9 a.
m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
I ]). ni.
2 p. m.
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
veloilty.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity .
velocity .
I
se.
18
se.
9
n.
4
s.
3
s- 5
se.
II
se.
II
se.
7
se.
3
sw. 3
nw. 3
nw. 2
w. 2
w. I
2
nw.
2
sw.
I
sw.
sw.
I
!MV. I
sw.
I
sw.
2
sw.
1
sw.
2
sw. 3
sw. 4
sw. I
sw, 2
sw, I
3
w.
2
w.
I
w.
I
w.
I
w. 3
w.
2
w.
2
w.
I
sw.
2
sw. 2
sw. I
sw. 2
e. II
e. 13
4
sw.
3
w.
2
w.
I
w,
2
sw. I
sw.
3
s.
7
s.
5
s.
3
S. 2
s. 2
s. 4
s. 2
s. 3
5 --
sw.
2
w.
I
sw.
2
w.
2
W. 2
w.
2
w.
3
w.
3
sw.
3
SW. 3
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw, I
6
\v.
I
w.
2
sw.
I
sw.
2
sw. 2
sw.
I
s.
2
sw.
2
sw.
2
SW. 2
sw. 2
SW. 2
"• 3
w. 4
7
s.
4
sw.
3
se.
9
sw.
"3
SW. 6
sw.
3
w.
2
nw.
3
e.
>3
s. 19
se. 19
se. 17
se. 16
s. 15
8
sw.
4
s.
6
s.
7
se.
II
se. 13
se.
12
se.
12
s.
16
s.
16
s. 16
s. 17
.se. 19
sw. 12
s, 8
9
se.
•3
se.
'3
se.
12
w.
5
se. 4
w.
4
w.
2
sw.
3
s.
7
s- 5
s. 5
s. 4
s. 4
s. 4
10
sw.
3
sw.
2
sw.
3
sw.
I
sw. 2
sw.
3
se.
7
se.
9
s.
3
s. 2
w. 4
s- 5
e. II
e. 18
II .
s.
2
s.
2
s.
I
s.
I
S. I
s.
3
se.
5
se.
2
e.
1
e. 2
e. 5
e. 4
s. 4
s. 2
12
w.
2
w.
3
w.
2
0
0
W. 2
w.
2
w.
1
w.
I
w.
2
w. 3
w. 4
w. 2
w. 4
W. 2
«3
e.
«4
e.
'S
e.
«s
ne.
10
e. 9
se.
6
sw.
3
sw.
3
sw.
3
sw. I
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 3
se. 6
14
c.
9
s.
7
se.
9
e.
II
s. 4
sw.
2
se.
w.
1
sw.
1
sw. 2
nw. 1
W. 2
w. 4
sw. 3
'5
e.
8
se.
2
se.
7
se.
II
se. 13
se.
16
se.
14
s.
'5
s.
6
s. 13
s. 16
se. 10
s. 5
s. 10
16
se.
14
se.
14
se.
>3
se.
>S
s. 14
se.
12
se.
se.
II
s.
10
s. 6
s- 5
s. 6
s- 3
nw. 3
17
se.
4
se.
2
se.
I
se.
2
se. 2
se.
2
se.
3
s.
2
s.
I
s. 2
s. I
SW. 2
sw. 3
sw. 2
.8
sw.
1
w.
2
w.
I
w.
2
sw. 2
sw.
I
s.
2
s.
3
s.
2
n. 4
s. 4
ne. 6
se. 9
s. 4
'9
nw.
3
sw.
3
sw.
3
sw.
'
SW. 3
sw.
I
w.
3
w.
2
sw.
3
w. 3
w. 3
w. 3
s- 5
w. 4
20
w.
3
sw.
5
sw.
5
w.
6
W. II
w.
II
w.
4
s.
2
ne.
'4
e. 17
ne. 19
e. 15
w. 13
«. 9
21
sw.
3
sw.
2
sw.
3
sw.
4
sw, 2
sw.
2
sw.
2
sw.
3
sw.
2
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 1
sw. 2
sw. 2
22
sw.
I
sw.
3
sw.
I
sw.
I
sw. I
0
0
sw.
2
sw.
I
sw.
2
sw. I
w. 2
W. 2
sw. 2
SW. 2
23
sw.
I
sw.
2
sw.
3
sw.
3
sw. 2
sw.
5
sw.
3
sw.
3
sw.
2
sw. 1
sw. 2
s. 4
S. I
S. I
24
w.
2
s.
2
s.
3
s.
'
S. I
sw.
3
w.
2
w.
2
sw.
3
sw. 2
sw. I
sw. 2
SW. 3
sw. 2
25
sw.
3
sw.
I
sw.
2
sw.
2
SW. 2
sw.
I
sw.
2
sw.
2
sw.
2
sw. 2
sw. 2
SW. 2
w. 3
SW. 4
26
w.
3
nw.
3
n.
4
n.
2
s. 9
s.
12
s.
7
s.
4
w.
S
S. I I
s. 17
s. 7
s. 3
s. 5
27
w.
3
se.
4
nw.
8
se.
II
se. 12
se.
12
nw
5
nw.
5
nw
2
w. 4
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 4
s. 6
28
se.
«S
s.
20
s.
17
s.
12
se. 20
se.
25
se.
33
se.
28
se.
27
se. 29
se. 25
se. 22
se. 19
se. 15
29
e.
4
se.
7
se.
10
sw.
10
e. 6
e.
12
s.
4
s.
2
s.
3
s. 2
s. 2
s. 4
s. 4
S. 2
30
c.
5
e.
6
e.
ID
e.
9
e. II
e.
7
sw.
3
sw.
5
sw.
3
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 4
SW. 3
3'
Means
w.
2
w.
I
\v.
2
w.
I
w. 2
w.
2
w.
3
w.
2
nw.
3
se 3
sw. 2
SW. 3
w. 3
w. 4
5-
0
4-
7
5.
2
S-
0
5-4
S.
8
5-
3
4.
8
4-
9
i-s
5.8
5-2
5-4
5'
Means in
m e t ers
per sec-
ond
2.
2
2.
I
2.
3
2.
2
2.4
2.
6
2
4
2.
I
2.
2
2.5
2.6
2.3
2.4
2.3
i. ild
A*.*, 'a-.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
281
w.
sw.
e.
2
2
II
2
sw. 2
"• 3
se. 1 6
sw. 12
s. 4
e. II
s. 4
w. 4
sw. 3
w. 4
s.
s.
sw.
se.
s.
W. I
sw. I
e. 13
s. 3
sw.
w.
s.
s.
s.
I
4
•S
8
4
e. l8
S. 2
W. 2
se. 6
sw. 3
5 s. lo
' luv. 3
sw. 2
3
3
9 s.
5 I "•
w.
•3
\\ .
9
sw.
2
sw.
2
sw.
2
sw.
2
s.
I
s.
I
sw.
3
sw.
2
w.
3
sw.
4
s.
3
s.
S
sw.
4
s.
6
se.
•9
se.
>5
s.
4
s.
2
sw.
4
sw.
3
w.
3
w.
4
5-4
S-
I
2
4
2.
3
JULY, 1 88a.
Table CXVI. — Direction ami velocity of the wiml, yuly'i 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^=-|-8l''44' X = — 64''4S' — — 4i'l9'"
[Velocity, miles per hour.)
3 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
w.
sw.
e.
s.
sw.
w.
s.
w.
w.
e.
s.
w.
se.
w.
s.
nw.
sw.
s.
e.
sw.
sw.
s.
sw.
sw.
s.
s.
se.
nw.
w.
I
2
s
2
2
4
16
6
6
16
2
3
3
4
12
3
2
10
4
8
I
2
2
2
3
3
3
>3
I
2
2
4-7
4 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
w.
sw.
e.
s.
sw.
w.
se.
se.
w.
e.
s,
w.
se.
w.
s.
nw.
sw.
e.
s,
s.
sw.
sw.
s.
sw.
sw.
s.
s.
se.
s.
w.
nw.
I
I
7
2
3
4
«S
12
4
18
3
5
8
I
9
2
3
13
2
S
I
2
2
I
2
4
2
>7
5'
2-3
5 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
w. 2
sw. 2
e. 9
s. 2
sw.
w.
se.
se.
sw.
e.
sw.
w.
sw.
w.
s.
nw.
sw.
e.
sw.
sw.
sw.
sw.
s.
sw.
s.
s.
s.
se.
w.
nw.
2
4
20
18
4
10
2
4
8
I
II
2
4
H
3
6
I
I
2
2
2
9
3
12
2
I
3
S-4
2.4
6 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
sw.
sw.
e.
s.
sw.
sw.
se.
se.
sw.
e.
sw.
nw.
s.
sw.
sw.
-SW.
w.
SW.
sw.
sw.
s.
sw.
s.
w.
s.
se.
s.
w.
nw.
2
I
3
3
3
5
18
•7
3
4
3
3
5
I
"3
2
3
3
I
S
I
I
I
3
2
6
3
'5
2
2
2
4-4
7 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
sw.
sw.
e.
sw.
sw.
s.
se.
se.
sw,
se.
sw.
nw.
sw.
s.
sw.
sw.
e.
sw.
sw.
sw.
sw.
s.
sw.
s.
s.
s.
se.
s.
w.
ne.
2
2
5
2
2
10
18
10
2
>3
2
3
10
I
'S
3
3
5
4
2
2
3
2
S
9
«4
2
I
2
2-3
8 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
w.
sw.
w.
sw.
sw.
nw.
s.
e.
sw.
sw.
w.
se.
s.
nw.
e.
s.
sw.
sw.
sw.
s.
sw.
n.
s.
s.
.se.
s.
w.
ne.
2
I
I
3
2
10
12
7
2
8
2
2
4
I
•5
12
3
9
6
9
I
I
I
I
4
9
«4
«4
I
2
2
S-2
2-3
9 p.m.
Direction
and
velocity.
sw.
w.
sw,
sw.
nw.
nw.
e.
sw.
e.
se.
w.
e.
sw.
se.
se.
sw.
ne.
s.
sw.
sw.
s.
sw.
p.
s.
s.
se.
s.
o
ne.
2
2
2
2
2
8
12
10
3
S
3
3
7
2
14
6
4
II
4
S
I
2
2
2
5
•S
10
2
o
I
4.8
2. 1
10 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
sw.
sw.
sw.
sw.
sw.
se.
se.
e.
sw.
sw.
se.
e.
e.
se.
w.
sw.
e.
w.
sw.
sw.
sw.
s.
sw.
se.
s.
w.
sw.
2
9
5
4
2
2
II
7
12
2
14
3
3
8
3
4-2
1.9
1 1 p. ni.
Direction
and
velocity.
sw.
.sw.
sw.
sw.
sw.
nw.
se.
sw.
s.
e.
e.
w.
se.
sw.
sw.
e.
w.
sw.
sw.
sw.
s.
sw.
n.
w.
s.
e.
w.
sw.
I
I
2
2
3
8
4
7
2
3
4
9
II
5
14
2
2
II
3
3
I
I
2
2
3
3
12
3
3
I
I
4.2
1.9
Midnight.
Direction
and
velocity.
sw.
sw.
sw.
sw.
sw.
nw.
sw.
se.
w.
sw.
w.
se.
e.
s.
se.
sw.
sw'.
sw.
w.
sw.
sw.
sw.
sw.
sw.
nw.
w.
s.
e.
s.
\v.
sw.
3
I
2
I
2
2
7
16
3
4
10
"3
4
16
2
3
3
5
2
I
2
2
I
4
2
12
6
2
I
2
4-4
Mean daily velocity.
Miles per Meters per
hour. second.
4-3
1.6
3-4
2.S
2. 2
3-8
II. 2
11. 5
4.8
6.5
30
3-3
7-2
11. 6
7-2
2.S
s-4
3'
7.6
'•7
i-S
2. I
2.0
2-4
5-9
6.8
17.3
3-8
5.02
1.9
0.7
« S
1. 1
l.o
'•7
S.o
S«
2. 1
2.9
>-3
'5
3-2
"•5
5-2
3-2
1. 1
2.4
1.4
3-4
0.8
0.7
0.9
0.9
I. I
2.6
30
7.7
••7
1.6
i.o
(S
10
II
12
«3
•4
«S
16
•7
18
'9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3»
«>*
\ ' c
I
I
I!
1
*l'l
i !
I i
; i
i'
1^
; :
i;..
=M
i!''
282
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
AUGUST, 1 88a.
Table CXVII. — Dirfctum and 7<flocHy of the vml, August, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"'
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
(<i-^-f 8l<> 44' ;» .-64"' 45'--4'' ig"-
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
Date.
I a. m.
Dlrcctiiin
2 a. m.
3a
. m,
4 a. m.
Direction
Sa
. m.
6 n. ni.
Direction
7a
m.
8a
, m.
9 a. m.
Direction
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Direction
Noon.
' P
m.
a p. m.
Direction
C Irectlon
Direction
Direcliun
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
anil
and
1
nrt
and
a
nd
and
and
a
nd
and
and
and
and
and
and
veloi'ily.
■
.SW. I
velocity.
sw. 2
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity,
sw. 2
velocity.
velocity.
velccity.
se. 7
velocity,
se. 4
velocity,
nw. 4
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
,
sw.
^
sw. I
sw.
2
sw.
2
ne.
2
nw. 3
nw
3
nw. 3
2
s. iG
c. 18
se.
18
s. 12
se.
•7
se. 17
se.
18
se.
14
s. 17
s. 17
s. 16
s. 16
.se.
18
se. 14
•^
e. 6
e. 7
e.
10
e. 10
e.
S
e. 2
e.
2
e.
2
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. 2
ne.
2
no. 2
4
e. 2
e. 2
e.
,
e. I
c.
2
c. I
ne.
I
ne.
2
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne.
1
ne. 2
5
e. I
e. 3
ne.
I
ne. 3
s.
2
se. 3
s.
2
s.
3
s. 2
s. I
s. 3
s. 3
sw.
3
sw. 2
6
se. 8
se. 15
se.
n
sw. 9
se.
8
se. 8
se.
16
se.
10
s. s
nw. s
s. 7
w. 3
s.
2
s. 3
7
s- 3
s. 2
s.
2
S. 2
s.
2
s. 2
s.
3
s.
6
s. 6
s. 4
s- 3
s. 3
s.
4
sw, 2
8
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw.
2
SW. I
sw.
3
sw. 2
sw.
2
sw.
2
nw. 2
nw. 2
nw. 3
nw. 2
w.
2
W. 2
9
se. 5
se. 9
se.
II
se. II
se.
«)
se. 6
se.
6
se.
12
se. 12
s. 14
s. 13
s. 7
se.
2
e. S
10
w. 8
w. 4
sw.
I
sw. I
sw.
I
sw. I
sw.
2
sw.
1
s. s
s- 3
s. 1
S. I
s.
1
s. I
II
so. I
se. 2
se.
I
se. 2
se.
2
se. 1
se.
2
se.
2
se. 2
se. 17
S. 12
s. 10
w.
10
w. 3
12
se. S
se. 2
n.
2
n. 8
n.
2
sc. 2
sw.
2
sw.
2
se. 9
s. 13
se. 12
se. IS
se.
10
S. II
■3
se. S
s. 12
se.
12
s. 10
s.
12
se. II
se.
«S
se.
•5
s. IS
s. 14
se. 13
se. II
se.
II
s. 10
14
se. 14
se. 13
se.
•5
se. 16
se.
18
se. 17
s.
16
5.
12
s. 12
se. II
se. 10
se. II
se.
II
se. 10
IS
ne. 5
e- 3
nw
4
nw. 4
nw
2
nw. I
w.
2
w.
2
n- 3
ne. 3
ne. 3
ne. 1
se.
2
ne. 2
16
nw. 3
s. 2
s.
I
s. 2
s.
I
S. I
sw.
1
s.
3
sw. I
sw. 2
sw. 2
s. 2
s.
2
s. 1
17
S. I
s. I
s.
2
s. 2
s.
I
S. I
sw.
2
s.
1
0 0
W. I
sw. 2
S. I
s.
1
s. 2
18
se. 3
se. 4
se.
2
se. 3
se.
I
se. 2
se.
'
se.
2
se. I
se. I
se. I
se. I
se.
3
se. 3
19
s- 3
se. 6
s.
18
se. 16
se.
«5
s. 9
se.
•4
s.
>3
se. 9
se. II
se. IS
8. 28
s.
21
se. 8
20
se. 17
se. 14
se.
5
s. 13
se.
«3
s. IS
se.
>S
se.
"S
se. 14
sc. 13
s. IS
s. 17
s.
«3
s. 10
21
se. 13
s. 6
se.
10
w. 9
w.
2
s- 3
nw.
s
se.
10
n- S
nw. 6
sw. 2
s. 6
sw.
7
w. 4
22
w. 2
w. 2
w.
2
w. 3
w.
I
w. I
w.
I
s.
2
S. I
s. 2
S. 2
s. 2
s.
1
s. 2
23
s. I
s. 2
w.
2
nw. 2
w.
2
sw. 2
sw.
6
w.
4
e. S
e- 3
se. 3
se. 2
se.
7
s- 3
24
W. 2
w. 2
sw.
2
0 0
s.
6
s. 10
se.
6
se.
10
se. 9
sw. 3
ne. 4
s. 3
e.
,
e. 2
25
se. II
se. II
se.
8
e. 4
e.
7
e. 6
se.
2
se.
2
se. 2
e. 2
e- 3
e. 2
e.
1
e. I
26
n. 2
se. 2
se.
8
e. 6
e.
4
e. 3
e.
I
e.
I
n. 2
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. 2
n.
3
sw. 3
27
nw. 2
0 0
llW.
I
e. 2
se.
3
se. 2
se.
2
w.
1
w. I
w. I
0 0
w. I
0
0
w. 1
28
»■■ 3
sw. 2
0
0
sw. I
nw.
I
se. 4
se.
2
se.
2
se. I
se. I
se. 2
se. 1
se.
2
se. 2
29
S. I
s. I
s.
I
s. 1
w.
2
W. I
s.
6
s.
9
s. 7
se. II
s. 12
S. 12
sw.
•4
sw. II
30
w. 3
w. I
e.
2
se. 5
e.
7
se. 4
e.
5
se.
8
e. S
e- 7
n. 2
w. 2
w.
3
sw. 3
3«
Means . . .
e. 2
c. 2
ne.
I
ne. I
se.
I
e. I
e.
I
s.
2
se. 1
se. 3
se. 3
se. 4
se.
3
se. 3
4.9
S-o
5-
2
S-2
S-
0
45
S-
2
s
6
S-3
5.8
S.6
5-7
S-
3
4-2
Means in
m e t ers
1 er sec-
ond
2.2
2.2
2.
3
2-3
2.
2
2.0
2.
3
2.
S
2.4
2.6
2S
2S
2.
4
1.9
if
:1!
,1 '^
l;
U
iA.^„
%
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
283
AUGUST, i88j.
Table CXVII. — Direction and velocity of the wimi, Aut^ust, i88j.
Wasbiiigfoii mean lime. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49™
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^^-f-Sl" 44' X- -64" 45' _--4h 15m
(Velocity, mtics per hour.)
3p. m.
4 p. m.
Sp. m.
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
Direction
9 p.m.
Direction
to p. m.
Direction
1 1 p. m.
Direction
Midnight.
Direction
Mean daily velocity.
nirecllon
Direction
Direction
Direction
Direction
Mile!) per
hour.
Meters per
Kcond.
■ml
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
velocity.
velocity.
Telocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
veiocity.
velocity.
w. 2
w. 2
s. 8
se. IS
sw. 14
s. 16
s. 14
s. 14
s. 13
s. 13
6.2
2,8
I
s. 16
se. 16
se. 13
e. 4
se. 7
se. 9
se. 8
se. 1
se. 7
sc, 9
13.2
5,9
2
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. I
ne, 2
ne. I
30
•3
3
sw. 2
nw. 1
ne. 3
ne. 2
ne. 1
ne. 1
ne. 2
ne, 2
ne. I
ne. 2
1.6
0,7
4
.sw. 3
sw. 3
nw, 4
se. 6
se. 9
nw. 4
e. 4
e. 6
se. 7
«•. s
35
1,6
5
e. 5
e. 18
e. 18
e. 19
e. 19
e. 16
e. 14
e. 14
e. 13
se, 5
10, s
4.7
6
sw. I
sw. 2
sw. I
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. I
sw. 1
sw. 1
2-5
I, I
7
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 3
sw. S
W. 2
W. 2
e. 2
s. 7
s, 8
se. f.
2,9
"•3
8
se. 6
se. 4
e. 9
e. 8
se, 2
e. 9
e. IS
e. 20
e. 18
e «3
9.4
4.2
9
s. 1
0 0
s. I
s. 1
s. 2
S. I
s- 3
se. 3
se. 3
se. 2
2.0
0,9
10
w. 3
nw. 3
e. 4
e. 4
w. 7
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 3
ne. S
ne. S
4,4
2.0
II
se. IS
s. 12
se. II
se. 12
nw. 7
nw. 2
nw. 2
nw. 4
se. 4
nw. 4
7,0
3-1
12
s. 14
s. IS
se. IS
s. 10
s, 7
se. 13
se. 17
w. 10
se. 7
se. IS
12.0
S-4
•3
se. S
se. 9
nw. 13
nw. 4
se. 9
se. 10
e. 6
s. 4
w. 4
e. 8
10 8
4.8
'4
ne. 4
ne. 2
ne. 3
ne. 2
ne. 3
ne. 2
ne. 3
ne. 4
nw. s
nw. 4
2.9
'3
•S
w. 2
w. 2
w. \
sw. I
sw. 2
nw. I
s- 3
se. I
s. 2
s. 2
'•7
0,8
16
sw, 2
sw. 3
s. 2
se. 3
se. s
se. 3
s. 2
s, 2
sw. 4
sw. 2
1,9
0,8
«7
se. 2
s. 2
S. 2
S. I
s- 3
nw. 2
nw. 6
n. 7
n. 4
nw. 6
2,6
1.2
18
s. 9
se. 16
se. 18
e. 10
e. 8
se. S
n. S
e. 8
e, 6
se. 4
II, s
S«
'9
s. II
s. 9
s. 9
se. 14
se. 12
se. 9
s. 9
s. 7
w. 9
.se. 10
12.0
S-4
20
w. S
nw. 3
nw. 2
nw. 4
nw. 2
nw. 3
nw. 2
nw. 2
w. 1
w. 1
4-7
2. 1
21
S. 2
s. 2
S. I
S. I
s. I
s. 2
s. I
s. 3
s. I
s. I
1,6
0,7
22
e. 6
s. 4
sw. 3
sw. 2
e. 2
s. 7
s. 12
se. 10
se. 10
se. 10
4.6
2. 1
23
w. 3
w. S
w. 2
W. 2
e. 2
se. s
se. 9
se. 10
se. 8
se. 7
4-7
2. 1
24
e. I
e. 1.
e. 1
e. 2
se. s
nw. 2
nw. 4
s. 2
s. I
sw. 2
35
1.6
2S
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. 1
sw. I
w. 2
w. 2
w. 1
W. I
w, 2
nw. 1
2-3
1.0
26
0 0
W. I
0 0
W. I
0 0
w. 1
w. 2
sw. 2
0 0
nw. I
1,0
0.4
27
sw. 2
sw. 4
W. 2
W. I
nw. I
nw. 2
s, 2
s. I
s. I
5. I
« 7
0.8
28
sw. 10
sw. s
sw. I
S. I
sw. 2
0 0
sw. 2
s- 3
w. 3
w. 2
4-9
2.2
29
sw. 5
sw. 3
SW. 2
ne. 3
s- S
s. 2
S. 2
S. I
s- 3
S, 2
3S
1.6
30
se. 4
s. 4
s- 3
s- 3
s- 3
s. 3
s- 3
S. 2
s. S
S. 2
2-5
I, I
3«
4.8
5'
2-3
5 '
2-3
4-7
2. 1
4-7
2. 1
4-5
2.0
S-2
2-3
so
2.2
5'
2-3
4-7
2. 1
S-os
2,2
2. I
2,2
284
THE LADY KUAN KLIN IlAY EXPEDITION.
i I
SEPTEMBKR, i88j.
Table CXWlll.— Direction atui I'floiity of the wind, Sfplnnber, 1882.
Washington mean lime. Reduce to local mean timv l>y adding 49*"
Anemometer abov>; the ground, jl feet [9.4 metfn],
^^+81044' A - — 64'>4S'^ — 4h 19""
[Velocity, milcH per hour.]
Dale.
1 a.
m.
2 a.
m.
:tion
<l
;lly.
3n-
m.
4 a. m.
5 a. ni.
6 a. m.
Direction
end
velocity.
7 a.
m.
8 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
9 a.
m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
Direction
and
veloci'y.
I p. m.
3 p.
m.
Direction
•ml
velocity.
Dirc<
en
vclo<
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
end
velocity.
Direction
end
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
vclodty.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
veloilly.
Direction
and
velocity.
Dtrcctioa
and
velocity.
1
2
R.
s\v.
3
3
1.
0
4
0
1.
s.
3
I
B. 3
sw. I
s. 4
sw. I
a.
sw.
2
I
8.
0
3
0
». 4
sw. I
s.
sw.
3
1
s. 3
SV.'. 1
S. 3
sw. t
1. 3
SW. 3
S. 3
sw. 3
s.
sw.
3
4
S
6
7
sw.
0
0
ne.
ne.
1
0
0
16
21
sw.
s.
0
ne.
e.
I
0
>S
16
sw.
s.
ne.
ne.
ne.
4
5
1
14
•7
SW. 1
s- 3
0 0
ne. IS
lie. 16
sw. 1
nw. 4
ne. I
nc. 22
ne. 18
0
nw.
0
ne.
ne.
0
2
0
'7
18
sw.
nw.
0
n.
ne.
1
0
23
18
sw. 1
nw, I
ne. I
n. 23
nw. 10
sw.
nw.
0
n.
w.
I
I
0
1
sw. I
nw. 3
nw. 1
n. 30
W. II
se. 2
0 0
ne. I
■ 31
w. 10
se. 2
0 0
e. 8
n. 36
w. 7
s. 4
0 0
e. II
n. 33
sw. 6
s.
nw.
e.
ne.
e.
Is
8
9
10
If
12
s,
n.
sc.
s.
nc.
3
5
3
S
3
s.
w.
ne.
w.
lie.
1
4
3
6
3
s.
w.
ne.
sw.
lie.
3
4
3
3
3
se. S
w. 3
ne. 1
s. 1
ne. I
se. 4
w. 2
ne. I
e. 2
ne. 2
se.
n.
ne.
e.
ne.
4
4
I
2
4
e.
nw.
n.
se.
ne.
5
3
1
4
3
e- 3
w. 3
n. I
ne. 2
ne. 2
e.
w.
ne.
n.
ne.
3
3
3
3
5
e. 3
W. I
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. 3
e. 3
w. 1
n. I
ne. I
0 0
e. 4
w. 3
n. 1
n. 1
se. 3
e. 3
nw. I
n. I
0 0
se. 1
e.
w.
0
s.
se.
13
14
'S
16
«7 -
se.
s.
n.
ne.
ne.
1
3
3
2
se.
n.
ne.
ne.
ne.
1
8
4
4
2
se.
n.
ne.
ne.
ne.
2
II
4
2
2
se. I
n. 13
n. 6
ne. 3
ne. 2
0 0
n. 13
ne. 5
ne. 3
ne. I
se.
n.
ne.
ne.
ne.
"3
5
2
2
se.
n.
ne.
ne.
ne.
9
4
3
se. I
n. 9
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. I
se.
ne.
ne.
n.
ne.
1
8
3
3
1
0 0
n. 7
ne. 3
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
n. 10
ne. 2
ne. 2
ne. I
se. 1
n. 10
ne. 3
ne. I
ne. 2
se. 1
n. 13
ne. 1
e. 3
ne. 1
se.
n.
ne.
s.
ne.
10
18
• 9
20
21
22
ne.
n.
s.
ne.
n.
'7
5
2
3
ne.
n.
s.
ne.
n.
4
'4
4
5
2
ne.
n.
s.
ne.
se.
3
12
2
3
7
nc. S
n. 5
c. 6
n. S
se. II
ne. 3
ne. S
e. 6
n. 2
se. II
ne.
ne.
e.
n.
se.
S
4
5
2
7
0
e.
ne
n.
nw
0
4
4
3
ne. 2
e. 6
ne. 2
n. 2
ne. 5
s.
e.
e.
0
sw.
6
S
0
2
S. I
ne. 3
ne. 4
n. 3
s. 5
s. 1
e. 4
ne. 2
n. I
sw. 5
s. 1
e. 3
ne. 2
"• 3
w. 5
S. I
e. 3
ne. 3
0 0
n. 17
s.
e.
ne.
0
w.
0
16
23
24
25
26
27
sw.
s.
e.
ne.
n.
10
S
3
3
4
sw.
ne.
e.
ne.
nw
10
5
7
3
2
sw.
se.
e.
ne.
se.
16
5
8
5
1
sw 22
ne. 4
e. 8
n. 3
se. 3
sw. 22
ne. 3
e. 5
>'• 3
sw. I
sw.
ne.
e.
n.
sw.
18
8
7
2
2
sw.
se.
e.
n.
s.
IS
7
4
2
4
sw. 14
e. 9
e. 8
se. 1
nw. 3
sw.
e.
e.
ne.
s.
17
9
10
2
S
sw. 17
ne. 3
e. 8
e. 3
s. 7
sw. II
ne. I
e. 5
s- 3
s. 9
sw. 7
se. 3
e. 8
s. 1
n. 6
0 0
n. 5
e. s
s. 1
n-. 3
0
n.
ne.
s.
s.
0
6
7
3
3
28
29
30
Means
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond
n.
se.
0
4
6
0
n.
w.
n.
4
3
1
s.
w.
ne.
4
I
I
se. I
s. I
e. S
se. 3
nw. 3
n- 3
se.
nw,
n.
4
S
se.
e.
ne.
3
2
4
se. 3
e. 2
ne. 8
nw.
nw.
ne.
3
6
n. 3
nw. I
wi. 6
n. 2
n. 3
ne. II
"• 3
n. 1
ne. 4
e- 7
n. 1
ne. 5
s.
n.
ne.
7
I
4
4-
2.
5
0
4.
2.
6
I
2.
0
2
2.3
5 «
2.3
4-
2.
9
2
4-
2.
4
0
4-4
2. 0
4-
2.
5
0
4-4
2.0
4.2
1-9
4.0
1.8
4.0
1.8
4-
I
0
8
TIIK LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXrKDITION.
285
I p. m. 3 p. m,
DIrtctliin Direction
•nd *n<t
vtlocity. ^ velocily.
e. 2
nw. I
n. I
o o
se. I
I
•3
I
3
s.
e.
ne.
o
n.
o
n.
e.
s.
n..
e.
n.
ne.
I
2
2
O
• 7
o
S
S
I
3
7
I
5
4.0
a.
sw.
o
n.
ne.
s.
s.
»• 3
nw. I
e. II
ne. IS
e. 7
e. 3
w. I
o o
»• 3
se. I
se. I
n. lo
ne. I
s. 4
ne. I
s. I
e- 5
ne. 3
o o
w. l6
s. 7
n. I
ne. 4
4.0
1.8
SKn'KMBKR, i88a.
Table CXVIII — Direction ami velocity 0/ the wind, Septeml>er, 188a.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time l>y mlding 49'n
Anemometer al»ove the Kcound, 31 feet [9,4 meters].
^ M 8i»44' X =— 64»45'-_4h|9">
[Velocity, mllct per hour.)
3 p.m.
4 p. m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p
111.
1 1 p. ni.
Midnight.
Mcin daily velocity.
c
Direction
■nd
Direction
and
Olrecllon
■nd
nireclinn
•nd
Direction
and
Direction
•nd
Direction
■nd
Direction
■nd
Direction
•nd
Direction
•nd
Mile* iwr
hour.
2.6
Meters per
Hctoncl.
1.2
velocity.
velocity.
S. 2
velocily.
s. 2
velocity,
s. 2
velocily.
velDcity.
velocity.
velocily.
velocity.
velocity.
I
«• 4
«w. 4
sw. 4
sw. 2
sw.
,
sw, 1
sw. 3
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. I
sw. I
SW. 1
0 0
0 0
sw.
'
0 0
0 0
1. 1
0.5
s. 1
s. I
0 0
s. 1
S. I
s. I
s- 3
s.
,
s- 3
s. 1
«S
0.7
nw. 2
nw. 3
ne. 2
nc. 1
ne. 1
ne. 1
0 0
ne.
1
0 0
0 0
I 3
0.6
s. 2
s- 3
s. 1
ne. 3
sw. 2
sw. 3
sw. 2
s.
3
s. 2
ne. 8
a- 7
1.2
n, 21
ne. 30
ne. 28
n. 23
ne. 25
n. 28
ne. 26
n.
18
n. 25
e. 22
22.6
10.1
e. II
e. 13
e. 9
e. 4
nw. 4
e. 7
e. 8
e.
6
«•■• S
e- 3
10. 1
4.5
e. 2
sw. 3
sw. 4
sw. S
SW. 8
w. 4
sw. 5
s.
S
sw. 4
w- 3
3.6
1.6
w. 2
W. I
W. 1
w. 1
w. 3
w. 2
sw. 3
sw.
3
8W. 1
sw. 1
2.2
1.0
n, 1
n. I
0 0
n. 1
n. I
n. 1
S. 1
s.
3
w. 4
se. 8
'7
0.8
10
s. 1
s. 1
nw. 8
nw. 1
nw. 4
n. 2
ne. S
ne.
4
ne. 3
ne. 2
2.8
'•3
II
se. 1
se. 1
se. 2
se. I
se I
se. I
se. 1
s.
2
0 0
se. 2
1.9
0.8
12
se. 3
se. 2
se. 1
se. 1
se. 2
se. 2
0 0
se.
,
se, 1
ne. 1
1. 1
o-S
13
n. 7
n. 6
ne. 8
nc. 6
ne. 6
e. 4
n. 6
ne.
6
ne, 6
nc. S
8.2
3-7
■4
se. 1
se. 2
ne. 2
e. 2
ne. 4
ne. s
ne. 2
nc.
4
ne. S
ne. 3
30
«-3
IS
se. 3
s- 3
s. 2
s, I
se. 2
se. 2
se. 2
se.
2
se. 2
se. 1
2.2
1.0
16
ne. I
ne. I
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. 1
ne, 1
ne. I
nc.
'
ne. I
ne. I
'•3
0.6
"7
n. 5
n. II
n. 12
n. IS
n. 17
nw. IS
nw. 13
n.
12
n. 16
n. 17
6.8
30
18
e. 3
e. 3
ne. 4
nc. S
ne. 2
ne. S
ne. 3
nc.
3
s. 2
e. 2
S.o
2. 2
«9
ne. 3
ne. S
ne. 4
nc. 6
ne. 3
ne. 4
ne. 2
nc.
3
ne. 3
n. 1
36
1.6
20
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
n. I
n. 2
n.
2
n. 2
n. 1
« S
0.7
21
sw. 17
sw. IS
S. 12
sw. 8
sw. 13
sw. 13
sw. 17
sw.
17
s. 16
sw. 13
10.0
4-5
22
sw. 3
3. 3
w. 3
sw. S
sw. 17
sw. 18
sw. 22
w.
14
sw. 5
s. 4
11.4
5'
23
n. 5
n. 7
ne. 9
e. 9
n. 10
ne. 8
ne. 9
ne.
9
nc, 9
ne. s
6.4
2.9
24
n. 10
n. 10
e. II
c. 8
ne. 7
e. 6
e. 8
ne.
6
e. 2
c. 8
7.0
3'
25
sw. 1
sw. I
sw. 1
iw. 1
0 0
ne. 3
e. 6
e.
3
ne. 3
nc. 2
*-3
1.0
26
S. II
s. 12
s. 8
s. 13
s. 12
s. 13
nw. 1 1
sw.
5
se. 14
se. 8
6.7
30
27
n. 3
s. 4
s. 3
sw. 1
s. I
S. 2
s. I
s.
3
w. 2
s. s
30
1.3
28
n. I
0 0
ne. 3
nc. 2
ne. I
nc. 1
0 0
n.
2
n. I
n. 2
1.8
0.8
29
nw. 2
nw. I
nw. 3
0 0
sw. I
0 0
0 0
sw.
•
e. 4
c. 21
4.0
1.8
30
4-3
4.9
4.9
4-3
S-«
5-2
5.4
4-
7
4-7
S-i
4.66
1.9
2.2
2. 2
1.9
23
»-3
2.4
' 0
1
,
2. 1
2-3
2. I
2. 1
1
1
%.
i
1
286
>l
III ■ 3.
^ ii
I;. . J5^
Date.
I
3
3
4
I
7
8
9
lo .
II
12 .
«J
14
IS
|6
•7
i8 ....
19 ....
20
.•!l
23
TIIK LADY FUANKLIN HAY KXPKDITIUN.
OCrOBKR, 1883.
Taiii.e C\W,—J)irfclion and vtloiity n/ the wim/, OtMrr, i88j.
Wathingioii mean time. Reduce tu local mean lime l>v nildini; 41/'*
Ancmumeler above the Bround, ji feci [9,4 meters].
^aa + 810 44' A— -')4»45' -. - 4'' 19"'
[Veli>clty, mllei |ier hnui.]
(t a. m, 7 a, m.
Uirectliin
■nil I
velocity.
e. aa
ne. 3
ne.
ne,
n.
e.
e.
Direction
•nri
velucily.
e« 32 se. 37
nw. 7 I II. 3
3S DC.
5 : ne.
5 ; n.
I I e.
I ; c,
as
7
3
I
2
n. 10
n. 4
o o
o o
e. 3 ■ e. 4c.
o o ! c. I c.
M. s j n. 3 n.
«■■• 3 e- 3 ; e-
c. 3 c. 3 e.
o
3
16
o o
o o
o o
c. 18
o o
33 i sw. I
34 1 "• 4
25 o o
26 1 o o
27 1 o o
o o
e. 3
n. IS
28
29
30
31
Means
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond
c. I
n. 4
o o
o o
o
o
se,
lie.
o
c.
o
s,
c.
o
o
o
I
I
o
31
o
2.
3
I
I
O
o o
e. 6
n. 13
e. 2
o o
sc.
o
se.
c.
nw.
o
o
o
o
o
c o
5 n
o
o
43
1.9
4.S
2.0
o
I
o o
o o
4.5
2.0
4 a. m
nirecllon Directinn
•mi I anil
velcitllv. ; veiuclly.
ne. 30
n. 2
lie. 33
n. 12
ne. 4
e. I
e. I
e. 5
I- 3
o o
ne. S
c. 8
o
ne.
n.
e.
se. I
ne. 3
o o
c. 21
o o
ne, 31
n. 6
nc. 15
n. 10
ne. 2
c. I
o u
f. s
e. 2
n. I
"• 5
e. 6
ne. 3
lie. 2
n. 2
c. I
o o
o o
nc. 2
o o
luv. 24
o o
s.
e,
c, I
o o
e, I
I I o o
I e. I
o o
o o
e. 2
c. 2
ne. 3
o o
o o
4-3
1.9
o o
nw. 5
o o
o o
3-8
'•7
Diretllon
anil
veliK'ity.
n. 30
n. 6
n. 32 .
n. 6
ne. 3
0 0
e. 1
e. 3
e. 4
n. 1
n. 5
<-■• S
ne. 3
ne. I
n. 1
e. 3
0 0
se. 1
ne. 3
0 0
nw. 10
0 0
0 0
n. 3
se. 1
0 0
I p. m.
Direction , Direction Direction Direction Direction , Direction Direction
anrt
anil I anil
anil
anil
anil
anil
veit>clly. I vciiH'ity. veiiicity. vcliiclly. velocity, vcliiclty. vcliicity.
n.
n.
•2
ne.
30
lie.
«S
n.
1
0
0
0
0
e.
e.
3
6
n.
I
ne.
3
16
14
ne. 33
n. 6
n. 3
e. I
o o
n.
n.
•s
II
13
16
ne. 3i ne, 19
n. 8 n. 4
n. 100
o o I ne. I
e. It. I
nc.
ne.
o
e,
e,
se,
o
o
sw.
C. I
n. 3
o o
o o
3-3
«S
o o
o o
o o
o o
o o
o o
e. 7
o o
o o
34
'•S
e.
e,
n,
n.
c.
ne.
nc.
o
e.
le.
ne, 3
ne. 3
o o
sw. 9
nw. I
o o
n. I
o o
o o
o o
n.
c.
nw.
n,
nc.
II
16
ne. 33
n. 3
n. I
ne. I
r. I
II.
se.
o
3 e. 4
3 e. I
3 n, 3
e. I
o o
o o
e. S
e, I
nc.
o
se.
sw.
nw.
o o
c, I
nw, I
o o
o o
0000
e. 4 o o
e, I j o o
o 00 o
3-4
•S
3.9
o o
ne, 3
o o
ne. 4
o o
ne. I
ne. 3
o o
s. I
nw. 7
s. . I
sc. I
o o
o o
o o
e. I
o o
o o
o o
3.7
o o
n. 7
o o
ne. I
o o
n. 3
e. I
o o
ne. I
o o
s. I
nw. 3
o
o
o
o
se.
o
o
o
2S
9
18
ne. 33
n. I
e. I
o o
o
c,
n.
o
ne.
nc. I
o o
o o
ne. I
o o
o o
ne. 3
o o
nw. 3
nw. I
o o
se. I
sw. I
o o
o o
2-3
n.
e,
nc.
n,
e,
o
9
II
18
I
3
o
I
3
3
S
I
3
o o
ne. 3
o o
n. I
c. I
ne. I
o ' o
se. I
sw. 2
o o
sw. I
o o
C. I
o o
o o
o o
e. I
o o
o o
3).
in.
Direclli.n
anil
veliKlly.
nw.
J
ne.
«4
ne.
7
0
0
n.
1
0
0
e.
,
c.
4
sc.
3
0
0
n.
3
lie.
1
ne.
1
0
0
n.
3
0
0
0
0
ne.
1
0
0
0
0 !
0
0
0
0
se.
1
0
0
0
0
0
0 j
0.9
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXI'EUITION.
287
I p. m.
2 p. m.
Direitlon Diredli.ii
•ml and
vcliic'ity, veluclty,
n.
9
nw.
S
e.
II
-•
16
ne.
|8
ne.
•4
n.
1
n«,
7
e.
3
o
o
o
o
n.
I
se.
1
o
o
e.
3
e.
1
e.
3
e.
4
n.
5
se.
3
e.
1
o
o
c.
3
n.
3
o
o
ne.
1
ne.
2
ne.
1
o
o
o
0
n.
1
n.
3
e.
1
o
o
ne. I o o
o o ne. I
sv. ' <> o
SW . 2 . O O
o o o o
1 .sw.
o
|e.
o
o
o o
se. I
o o
o o
o o
I.O I 0.9
OCTOIIKR, i88i.
TabI-K CXIX. — Dinilion nmt xeliHiiy of (he iviiii/, Ik/ohr, 1S82.
\VuiliinK>'»> mean lime. Kcducc to local mean lime by aililiii(; 4'^'"
Ancniumeler above llie cruuiiil, jl feel [i>.4 nii'lvrNj.
f=f 81044' X^- 64045' -4''i</"
[Velocity, mllti (xr hour ]
3 !>■ m.
4 i>. m.
5 p. ni.
Direction
6 |i. m.
7 |.. m.
Direction
8 |i, m.
Direction
9 p.
m.
10 p. in.
Diri'itlnn
1 1 |>. m.
DIriHllon
MIdniKhl.
Mean daily velocity.
Direction
Direction
Direction
Dire
■lion
Direillon
1
•MilcH imr
tiitur.
Meli-rapcr
ttccoml,
And
and
and
■ml
and
and
anil
ami
and
ami
1
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
n. 5
ne. 7
n. 8
n. II
n. 13
n. II
n.
14
n. 10
sw. 4
nw. 4
13-9
6.3
,
e. IS
c. 13
e. 8
e. 10
c. 9
II. 20
n.
•9
n. IS
n. 14
n. 17
" S
5 »
2
e- 5
w. S
sw. J
«• 5
ne. 5
ne. 5
ne.
3
lie. 3
lie. 3
nc. (>
14. S
6.5
3
n. S
n. 7
lie. 3
n. 7
n. 6
n. 13
nw.
4
n. S
n. II
n. 1 1
6,9
3 I
4
se. 1
c. 1
0 0
e. 1
0 0
c. 1
0
0
0 0
c. 1
0 0
"S
0.7
S
ne. 3
«• 4
ne. 1
ne. 2
"• 3
e- S
e.
3
<-■• 3
e. 2
0 0
1,4
0.6
6
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
e. 1
c.
'
e. 1
c. 1
c. 1
0.6
0.3
7
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
e- 3
e. 3
e. 1
2.0
0.9
8
e. 3
ne. S
ne. 4
n. 4
e. 4
«• S
e.
3
c. 4
e. 2
e. 4
3-i
1-4
9
.se. 1
se. 3
nw. 3
n. 1
e. 3
S. 2
s.
2
». 7»
c. ,.••
sc. .'(•
2,3
1.0
10
8C. , 1
0 0
0 0
se. 1
0 0
»e. 3
ne.
1
ne. 3
ne. 5
ne. 7
2-4
1. 1
II
ne. 2
ne. 4
C. I
ne. I
ne. 4
0 0
ne.
1
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
35
1. I
12
0 0
0
0 0
ne. I
DC. 1
0 0
nc.
3
ne. 3
ne. 1
ne. 2
I.I
o.S
13
0 0
ne. 4
ne. 3
n. 7
n. 8
n. ij
n.
19
n. 17
nw. 16
nw. 16
54
2-4
•4
e. 3
e. 6
e- S
e- 4
e. 5
0 0
e.
1
e. 2
0 0
e. 2
3-5
1.6
«S
0 0
n. S
"• 3
n. 2
e. 1
e. 2
c.
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
3. 1
0.9
16
0 0
e. 1
e. 1
e. I
e. 1
e. 1
e.
I
e. 3
0 0
e. 1
0,6
0.3
17
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0,7
0-3
18
ne. 2
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0
0
0 0
n. 1
0 0
0.9
0.4
•9
n. I
se. 4
»■ 3
0 0
w. s
w. 6
w.
3
w. I
n. 6
ne. 10
1.8
u,8
20
nw. 3
nw. 1
nw. 1
0 0
nw. 1
0 0
nw.
0 0
nw. I
nw. 1
6.3
2,8
21
nw. 2
nw. 4
»• 3
ne. 2
s. S
0 0
s.
'
0 0
nw. 5
nw. 2
1-7
0.8
22
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 3
0 0
se.
I
0 0
s. I
s. 1
OS
0. 3
23
se. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
e.
1
sw. I
0 0
sw, 1
0.8
0.4
24
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
e.
1
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0,4
0. 2
25
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 1
0.0
26
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
c. 3
e. S
c.
S
e. 2
e. 2
0 0
0.9
0.4
27
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
n. 3
0.3
0. I
38
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
1-3
0.6
29
0 0
0 0
0 0
n. 1
0 0
0 0
c.
1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. I
0.0
30
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
31
1-7
3.4
1-7
2.0
3.6
30
2
9
2-5
2-7
2.9
«-93
0.8
1. 1
0.8
0.9
1. 2
13
I
3
I. I
1
1.2
'•3
I
'•3
'•3
■ Interpolated from dl»l,
.i;ii
11
■(M
]
m
ii
IflJ
fr
■i
I
^
ill!
hi:!
:n
I;;
I.
288
THK LADY FKANKLIN HAY KXI'KDITION.
NOVKMBKR, i88.'.
TAni.F. CW.—J^imtion anii velihily of t/ie ti'inii, A'i>7rm/>fr, 1882,
W!U>liin{;ti)ii incin lime. Kciluco to locnl inciiii tunc l>y nildiii); 49'"
Anemometer alwve llic cruunil, ji feel [9.4 meters].
#=:-[- 81° 44' H — - 64° 45' :^ - 4'' 19m
I Vcioclty, miles per hour.]
1 a. m.
Dirri'tion
and
vjoiily.
2 a. m.
Dirci'tion
and
velwity.
J a. m.
Iiirei-tion
and
vclwlty.
0 0
4 a. m.
DirrctiiMi
and
velocity.
0 0
5 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
nw. 1
6 a. m.
Diret'linn
and
veliK-ity .
7 a. m.
Direction
and
veloi ity .
0 0
8 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity .
9 a. m.
Direction
an4
veltHrily.
s. 1
10 a. m.
Directitm
and
velocity.
..a
m.
Noon.
Direction
and
velocity .
c. 8
1 i>. in.
Direction
and
velocity.
c. 6
3 p. m.
Hate.
Dim
an
veliH
c.
tion
I
"y-
1
Direction
and
velocity.
c. 6
'■ i»
n. 1
0
0
0
0
s.
.
2
0 0
c. 4
0 0
e. 1
c. 2
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
w.
,
0
0
c. '
0
0
0 0
3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
sc. 1
0
0
0 0
0
0
s.
1
0
0
0
0
0 'J
0
0
0 0
4
0 0
s. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
s.
I
0 0
S
se. I
se. 2
se. 2
sc. 2
se. 4
sc.
1
sc. 1
0
0
c.
2
0
0
c.
I
C, 1
e.
I
0 0
0
e, 1
0. 1
^■- 3
c. I
0 0
c.
2
c. 2
c.
4
ne.
>
ne.
1
0
0
n. 1
n.
1
u. 2
7
lie. 2
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
e. 2
nc.
1
ne. 1
ne.
1
0
0
ne.
2
ne.
5
C. ()
c.
1
e. 1
8
0 0
<■'■ .S
•^' 3
'■• 5
'• 3
e.
4
<■ 3
c.
J
e.
-»
0
0
e.
1
e. 1
c.
5
c. 6
9
ne. 1
ne. 1
e. 1
e. 1
«•■• 3
e.
3
c. 1
e.
/"
e.
/•
c
/"
e.
J*
c. 1
e.
1
c. 1
10
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
sc. 1
0
0
c. I
0
0
0
0
0
0
e.
1
0 0
0
0
c. 1
II
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
12
> ■ 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
c.
1
sc.
I
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
•.?
0 0
n. 1
ne. 1
s. 2
DC. 2
e.
3
nc. 2
nc.
()
sc.
3
c.
.S
c.
4
sc. 4
.sw.
3
se. 2
14
0 0
S. I
s. 1
0 0
S. 1
s.
2
s. 2
se.
"
sc.
1
c.
1
c.
I
e. 1
0
0
e. I
IS
se. I
sc. 1
se. 1
.sc. 1
C. 1
nc.
1
C. 2
nc.
2
ne.
1
e.
,5
c.
,J
ne. .?
s.
•4
se. 22
16
ne. S
ii. II
n. It)
n. 14
n. 13
n.
"
»• 13
n.
II
sc.
8
se.
2
c.
4
c- S
nc.
10
nc. J
17
0 /I'
0 1
0 1
0 I
0 1
0
1
0 I
0
1
0
1
0
I
0
,
0 1
0
1
0 1
IS
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
"')
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
e. I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
20 .
0 0
0 0
e. 1
e. 1
e. 2
e.
I
sw. .?
n.
2
0
0
c.
2
e.
I
e. 1
e.
1
e. 2
21
c. 1
0 0
0 0
sc. I
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
c.
•
sc.
I
0
0
se. 1
e.
1
«• 3
22
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
c.
,
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
3J
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
e.
1
0 0
0
0
0 u
24
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 1
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
2$
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0
0
c.
1
s.
1
0
0
s. I
0
0
0 0
26
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
sc.
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
e. I
0
t»
0 0
27
se. 1
0 0
se. I
sc. I
DC. I
.se.
3
sc. I
sc.
1
0
0
0
0
e.
1
0 0
0
0
0 0
28
0 0
0 0
c. 1
0 0
sc. 1
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
29
ne. 1
0 0
sc. 1
c. I
0 0
n.
1
nc. 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
e. 1
30
0 0
0 0
1.0
se. 1
..3
0 0
1. I
sc. 1
0
0
e. 2
0
0
c.
2
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
Means...
1.4
I
I
1.2
1
1
0.
9
0.
7
0.
8
1.2
I.
S
1.7
Means in
meters
per sec-
otui
0. 1
0.4
O.f)
0. ;
0. ()
0
S
"5
0
i
0
4
0.
3
0
4
o.s
0
7
0.8
' {ntcr|>olated trnni dial,
^lnler|mlatpd from dial reading of iSlh,
1-1
T
— ''*Q
Ii
UL: - .
TIIK LADY FRANKI.IN BAY KXPHDITION.
28U
1 1>. III.
2 |l. 111.
lirccllnn Direction
■ml mill
clocity. velocity.
o o
o
o
o o
o
o
1
o
o
1
o
o
'
II.
3
1
S
e.
0.
e.
6
1
o o
c.
1
o o
o
o
o o
o
o
«. ^
sc.
■»
o o
M
se.
22
IC. lo
nc.
3
O I
o
1
o o
o
o
o o
0
o
I
c.
2
'
0.
i
l> o
o
O
3 O
o
o
) o
o
o
) o
o
o
> 11
i.1
o
> o
o
o
1 o
o
o
1 o
e.
1
1 o
o
o
'5
11.7
1.7
0.8
i I>. III.
4 p. 111.
Direction liirc-ctinn
■ml I ■ml
vclucity. { velocity.
o
e.
c.
o
sc.
II.
1 ; c.
I s.
7 ; ••*
I ; n.
1 o
o I o
0 1 c.
1 c.
o o
I
o
o
o
o o
o
H ; O
O O I O
O O I O
O O i O
O
I
nov:;mhi:r, 1882.
'rAiii>. t".\.\. — Direction ami VfiotHy vj the u'in,t, iXovcmhr, 1882.
Wiuliiiiljtoii iiic.in time. Kviliicc to local mean lime by adiliii)^ 41/"
.\nciiiumclcr ubuve the gruuuil, ,;i Icct [0.4 iiiclcrs].
^>^- 4 St" 44' >. -64" 45' -41111/"
I Velocity, miles per liuur.j
5 !•• »>•
(• |i .1.
7 p. III.
|i. 111.
1) p. 111.
10 p. 111. 1 1 p. 111.
Direction ; Direction Direction | Plr-.iUin ' Diicciion Direction ] Direction
•ml \ *ml I «n<l ami ■ml «nil ami
velocity. veltKity.
0.9
0.4
0.9
0.4
o
o
s.
o
o
nc.
nc.
o
sc.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
se,
e.
C I
c I
o
o
.?
.5
o
3
O
O
I
.{
I
I
o
o
I
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
I
I
0.7
03
nc.
ne.
o
o
sc.
sc.
o
s.
sc.
e.
o
o
o
velocity. vciiH-ily.
velocity. veliK'ity. veiiu'ily.
Mitlni(;!it. Mc.in ilaily velocity.
"'Lml'"" ■ M-Micr 'Meter. |«r C
vcloci.y. '"""■• I «'^«'"'- ; I
sc,
c.
o
o
e.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
0.8
0.4
1,0
0.4
o
o
se,
o
o
c.
c.
c.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
sc.
s.
c.
n.
nc.
nc,
o
o
o
o
0
0
0
u
0
0
1
0
0
.\
s.
1
1
c.
4
1
ne.
4
4
ne.
8
5
nc.
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
0
0
0
0
0
1
s.
1
2
se.
1
4
c.
3
1
e.
i
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
e.
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0,8
0.4
0,9
0.4
1. 1
0.5
nc.
nc.
o
o
o
o
o
se.
n.
e.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
s.
e.
c.
nc.
o
nc.
o
o
o
c.
s.
c.
n.
o
o
o
n.
o
o
I
o
o i o
o o
o o
2 O
o
(1
o
o
o
I
I
■>
I.?
o o
o o
o o
o o
0.9
0.4
o-S
1. 1
0.4
O. 2
I.U
1. 1
«J
2-7
.»s
o. S
0.4
O. J
0.5
0. 0
t
0.4
0.5
0.6
4
5
(1
!.(>
7
8
0.4
0. 2
9
10
11. 0
II
0.
2
1
9
4
\
6
1
I.U
0.0
O. 2
1.0
0.5
O. I
0.0
0.0
O. 2
O. 1
"•.?
«.03
0.4
11. o
o, S
1.9
2.7
0.4
0.0
o. o
0.4
o. 2
o. o
0.0
0.0
o. u
O. I
O. 2
0.0
O. I
O. I
0.4
12
l.t
"4
i.S
10
1/
iS
1')
20
21
22
-'.?
24
-'5
20
27
28
2<,>
30
i V *
Ik
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 19
290
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
DECEMBER, 1882.
Table CXXI. — Direction ami velocity cf the wind, December, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters]
0^ + 81° 44' ^^— 64°45' -— 4'» ig"
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
Date.
I a. m.
Direction
nnd
vcloci.y.
0 0
2 a
Dir
ve.o
■.n.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 V m.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
clion
id
city.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
■nd
velocity .
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
DIreciion
and
velocity.
I
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
2
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
3
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
e- 3
0 0
0 0
0 0
4
e. I
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
s
0 0
0
0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
se. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 3
0 0
6
ne. ;
ne.
I
ne. 2
ne. 3
ne. I
e. 4
e. I
e. 3
C. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
7
e- 3
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
8
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
s. I
sw. I
sw. 3
se. 1
sw. 4
9 ....
0 0
e.
I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
e. I
ne. I
sw. I
sw. I
se. 2
nw. 2
0 0
10
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 2
0 0
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
ne. I
II
e. I
n.
2
n. I
n. I
n. I
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
se. I
0 0
se. 2
0 0
e. 2
12
0 0
n.
2
0 0
0 0
e. I
n. 2
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
13
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
14
0 0
0
0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
s. I
ne. I
nw. 2
IS
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
16
0 0
0
0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
e. 2
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
17
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
18
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 2
e. I
e. I
19
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
se. I
se. I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
20
ne. I
0
0
0 0
W. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
21
ne. I
0
0
0 0
ne. I
e. I
e- 3
n. 2
e. I
ne. 3
0 0
nw. I
nw. I
nw. I
sw. I
22
0 0
s.
I
se. 2
0 0
0 0
se. I
se. 1
0 0
0 0
se. I
ne. 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
23
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
24
0 0
e.
I
0. I
e. I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 I
nw. I
0 0
S. I
sw. I
0 0
25
sw. 5
n.
2
nw. 8
s. s
n. 5
se. 3
s. 14
11. 10
nw. 10
w. 2
se. I
e. I
sw. 2
e. I
26
sc. .^
sc.
I
se. .
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
e. I
ne. 2
ne. 5«
ne. 7»
ne. I
se. 4
27
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
e. I
28
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
29
0 0
0
0
0 0
e. 2
0 0
e. I
e. 1
0 0
se. 6
e- 7
se. 16
se. 8
se. 3
se. 3
30
0 0
0
0
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
e. I
ne. I
0 0
se. 2
se. I
ne. 5
e. 16
e. 16
31
Means...
n. I
ne.
1
ne. 4
nc. 5
ne. 2
ne. 5
0 0
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.6
0.
4
0.6
0,7
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.9
0.7
1.2
1. 1
1,2
1.3
Means in
m e t e r s
l>cr sec-
ond
0-3
0.
2
0-3
0.3
0-3
0-3
0.4
0-3
0.
0-3
o.s
o.s
o.s
0.6
• |nterp«lat«c) from dial,
(UU.
THK LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
291
I p. m.
2 p.m.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity .
o o
o O
0 o
O O
o o
O O
o o
o o
se. 3
o o
1.2
o.s
DECEMBER, 1882.
Table CXXI. — Direction and velocity of the wind, December, 1882.
Washingto mean time. Kcduct to local mean time by adding 49""
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^ = + 81044' X -— 64<'4j'^ — 4'' 19'"
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
3 p.m.
4 p. m.
Sp.m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
1 1 |>. m.
Midnight.
Mean dally velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
0 0
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Miles per
liDur.
Meters per
second.
0.0
I
I
e.
I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0 e. I
ne. I
0 0
0.2
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 00 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
2
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
c. I
0 0
0 0
0. 2
0. 0
3
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. I
0.0
4
e.
I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
e. I
ne.
O.S
0. 2
S
0
0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
c. 2
0 0
e. I
1.0
0.4
6
0
0
e. 2
0 0
0 0
S. I
S. I
s. I
0 0
s. I
0 0
O.S
0. 2
7
ne.
7,
nw. 2
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
0 0
se. I
e. I
e. I
0.8
0.4
8
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 2
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0.6
03
0
ne.
I
nc. 2
ne. I
0 0
e. t
e. 2
c. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
O.S
0.2
10
e.
2
0 0
e. I
e. I
0 0
ne. 2
0 0
ne. 3
e. 2
0 0
I.O
0.4
II
0
0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
sw. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.4
0. 2
12
ne.
I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
se. I
ne. I
ne. 2
e. I
0 0
0 0
0.4
0. 2
M
se.
I
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. 1
0 0
e. I
0 0
0.4
0. 2
14
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 2
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0.2
0.0
IS
e.
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
c 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.2
0.0
16
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. I
0.0
17
0
0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.2
0.0
18
0
0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
n. I
0 0
0-3
0. I
K)
0
0
W. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
ne. 2
e. I
b.3
0. I
20
s\v.
I
sw. I
0 0
sw. I
0 0
s. I
0 0
sw. I
0 0
0 0
0.9
0.4
21
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
n. I
0 0
0 0
0.4
0.2
22
e.
2
0 0
se. I
se. I
0 0
nw. 2
nw. I
se. I
0 0
nw. I
O.S
0.2
23
e.
2
0 0
W. I
W. I
0 0
sw. 2
W. I
s. 2
s. 4
n. IS
■S
0.7
24
se.
S
s. 9
se. 5
n. I
n. I
0 0
s. 5
s. 8
s. 5
s. 6
4.8
2. 1
2S
se.
2
se. I
se. I
se. ?
se. 4
se. I
se. I
se. I
0 0
se. I
1.8
0.8
26
e.
I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
0-3
0. 1
27
0
0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
0.3
0. 1
28
ne.
2
ne. 2
0 0
e- 3
e.
ne. 3
0 0
se. I
0 0
0 0
2-5
1. 1
29
ne.
II
ne. 14
ne. ?0»
ne. i,'/»
ne. ;.?»
n. iJ«
n. 5"
n. J"
:i. I
0 0
6.0
2.7
30
0
0
ne. I
ne. 2
0 0
se. 2
se. I
0 o
ne. I
0 0
0 0
I. I
O.S
3'
1.2
1.2
I. I
l.o
I. I
1.0
0.6
1.0
0.6
1.0
0. 90
0.4
0.5
t — —
0.5
0-5
0.4
O.S
0.4
0-3
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.4
lli
li
11
it \
■41
I
> (nterpoUUed iro3i HiitX,
¥.-■
'", I
:i!;lliti
2J>2
TUB LADY rilANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JANUARY, 1883.
Table CXXII. — DinctUm and velocity of the wind, yunuary, 1883.
Wasliingtun mean lime. Red ice to local mean time hy adding 49'n
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters],
>l> - -f 81° 44' /, — - 64° 45' — — 4I' 19"'
[X'uliic'ity, I'liluii piT liour.)
Date.
1 :l. HI,
Dirrctiun
and
vcldcity.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. 111.
9 a. m.
10 a
m.
II a.m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p.m.
Uireclion
iintl
velocity.
Directicin
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
ve.ocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
0 0
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Dircrti.m
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
lie. 2
ne. 3
ne. I
0 0
0
0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
3
e. 1
0 1
0 I
0 , I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
4
e. I
e. I
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
e, I
0 0
0 0
0 0
5
0 0
se. I
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
se. I
se. I
-se. I
se.
'
e. 2
0 0
0 0
e- 3
6
s. I
se. 2
s. 2
se. 2
s. I
se. I
0 c
0 0
0 0
se. I
S. I
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
sc. I
0
se.
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
nc. I
se. I
ne. 3
0 0
n. I
7
se. 1
8
se. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 2
0 0
se. I
ne. 2
n.
I
ne. 1
0 0
se. I
ne. 3
9
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
w. I
0 0
0 0
e. 2
0
0
0 0
0 0
C. I
0 0
10
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
e. 2
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
II
0 0
ne. I
0 0
ne. I
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
e.
I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
12 _,
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
13
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 2
ne. I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
14
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
■s
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
16
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
17
0 0
0 0
lie. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
lie. I
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
18
0 0
>*• 3
s. 1
s. I
0 0
se. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
19
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
20
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
21
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
22
0 0
0 0
ne. 2
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
s\v. I
0
0
e. 2
e- 3
e. I
0 0
23
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0
0
e. I
e. 1
0 0
0 0
24 ._
0 I
0 I
0 I
e. I
0 I
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
25
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
26
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne.
2
ne. 3
0 0
0 0
0 0
27
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e.
2
e. 8
e. 7
e. 5
e. 2
28
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
29
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 2
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
30
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
31
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
Means
Means in
0. 2
0.4
0.4
0-3
0.4
0.4
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.
3
0.6
0.4
0.4
0.4
meters
per sec-
ond.
0.0
0.2
0. 2
0. I
0. 2
0. 2
0.0
0. I
0. I
0.
I
0.3
0, 2
0.2
0.2
i
1
■ ■■!,
lU ..
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
293
). m.
2 p.
m.
ection
ind
ocity.
Direction
and
veiocily.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
e.
3
I
o
o
• 3
1
I
n.
ne.
o
I
3
o
o
o
o
,
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
0
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
se.
I
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
c
o
o
o
o
I
o
o
o
o
o
0
o
o
o
ne.
•
o
o
o
s
o
e.
o
2
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o. 4
JANUARY, 1883.
Table CXXII. — Direction and velocity of the wind, yaniiary, 1883.
Washington mean lime. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49™
Anemomctc: above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
0r=:-f 8l<'44' X — — 64°4S' = — 4" I9">
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
3 p.m.
4 p.m.
Direction
and
S p. m.
Direction
and
6 p. m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
Direction
and
(J p. m.
Direction
and
10 p. m.
Direction
and
1 1 p. m.
Midnight.
Mean daily velocity.
Miles (>cr Meters per
u
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
veiocily.
nw. 1
Telocity.
v:locity.
velocity.
velocity.
velucity.
VeltM-iiy.
0 0
velocity.
velocity.
velucity.
0. I
0.0
Q
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
c. 1
0 0
0 0
1
se. 1
0 0
c. I
e. 1
c. 2
c. 2
C. 2
e. I
0 0
0 0
0.7
0-3
2
0 0
se. I
se. I
0 0
e. 2
e. 2
e- 3
ne. 2
0 0
e. 1
0.7
03
3
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0-3
0. I
4
ne. 4
ne. 4
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
e. 1
0 0
1.0
0.4
S
e. 1
0 0
e. 2
0 0
ne. 3
se. I
0 0
0 0
c. 1
C, I
0.6
0-3
6
0 0
se. 2
0 0
0 0
nw. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.8
0.4
7
ne. I
n. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.6
03
8
0 0
se. 2
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
0.4
0.2
')
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
e. I
0 0
0-3
0. 1
10
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0.3
0. I
1 1
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
c. I
0 0
0. 1
0.0
12
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 2
0.0
'3
0 0
e. I
e. I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 2
0.0
14
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
c. I
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
0. 2
0.0
•5
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
16
0 0
0 0
0 0
s- 3
s- 3
0 0
se. 3
s. 2
s. I
s. I
0.7
0-3
"7
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 2
0.0
■ 8
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
e. 1
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0. 2
0.0
"9
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
20
0 0
e. I
ne. I
ne. 3
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
0.4
0. 2
21
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
e. I
0 0
0 0
o-S
0. 2
22
e. 4
«• 3
e. 2
ne. I
ne. 3
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 I
0 I
0.9
0.4
23
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 3
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
o.s
0. 2
24
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 c
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 2
0.0
25
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 2
0. 0
26
e- 3
ne. 8
ne. 2
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
1.0
O.I
27
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
W. I
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
28
e. I
0 0
ne. s
e. 7
e. 6
ne. 5
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
I. 1
o-S
29
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 0
0.0
",o
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 c
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 1
0. 0
31
0.7
0-3
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.9
0. ^
0.4
0. 2
0-5
0. 2
0. I
0. I
0-43
0. 2
0.4
0-3
0-3
0.4
0. 2
0.0
0. 2
f
I
I
' III
tii
ft
'■i\
I
1 i
'\\
■ ;
1
\ ■
1
m
294
THE LADY PKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
FEBRUARY, 1883.
Tadlf. CXXIII. — Dirfction and velocity of the wind, August, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by cdding 49""
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
0:=r + 8i''44' A = — 64045' = — 4'> 19"
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
Date.
I
I a. ni.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. ni.
6 a. m.
7 a, m.
8 a. m.
9 a. ni.
10 a. m.
II a. ni.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
1 and
1 velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity .
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity .
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
2
ne. I
ne. 4
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
e. 2
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
4
0 0
se. 3
nw. 3
sw. I
0 0
sw. I
0 0
sw. I
0 0
0 0
se. 3
0 0
0 0
0 0
5
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
6
e. 1
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 2
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
7
se. 4
se. I
n. 7
ne. I
ne. 3
0 0
0 0
nw. 4
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
8
ne. I
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
se. I
se. I
ne. I
0 0
9
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
e. I
e. I
e. 1
e. 1
0 0
ne. 2
se. I
0 0
0 0
se. I
10
0 0
0 0
ne. I
se. 1
ne. 1
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0 /"
ne. 1
0 /•
0 /•
e. 2«
0 1
II
e. I
0 0
0 0
c 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 I
0 0
0 0
0 0
w. I
0 0
12
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
•.?
e. I
0 0
e. I
nw. I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
ne. I
e. I
0 0
e. 2
e. 2
se. 3
14 ---
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
ne. I
e. I
se. I
se. 2
IS
0 0
ne. I
e. I
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
nw. I
16
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
17
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
18
c. I
0 0
e. I
e. 1
0 0
0 0
ne. I
e. 1
0 0
ne. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
19
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
20
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
21
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
.se. 2
0 o'
22
C. 2
sw. 4
se. 3
se. I
e. 2
sw. 3
e. 1
e. I
0 0
se. I
se. I
0 0
se. 2
0 0
23
ne. I
ne. I
se. 1
0 0
se. I
e. I
se. 1
e. I
se. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
24
0 0
se. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
nw. 2
0 0
ne 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
25
lie. I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
26
ne. 1
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 3
sw. I
0 0
ne. 1
ne. 1
ne. I
0 0
0 0
27
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. 2
nw. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
28
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
Means
0.6
0.7
0.7
0.4
0.3
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.3
0-3
0.4
0.3
0.6
0.4
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond
0.3
0.3
0.3
0. 2
0. I
0.2
0.3
0.3
0. I
0. I
0.2
0. I
0.3
0. 2
■ luterpolated from dial.
iMM.
w^mafof-. .. — ~
THE LADV FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION,
295
. m.
2 p.
m.
clion
nd
)city.
Direction
and
velocity.
O
o
o
I
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
I
o
o
1
o
o
o
.se.
1
?•
o
I
1
o
o
I
o
o
2
se.
3
I
se.
2
FEBRU.ARY, 1883.
Table CXXIII. — Dinxtion and reloctiy of t/wmnil, /iiigiiHt, 1S83.
Washington mc.in time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters],
^_. + 8l'>44' /. ^-64045'-^ —4'' 19'"
(Velocity, milcB per hour.]
3 P- ni.
4 p.m.
S p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
Direction
and
veliicily.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midnight.
Direction
and
velccily,
Mean dail
Miles rer
per hour.
)• veliicily.
Meiers per
second.
•
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direct on
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Oirecion
and
velocity.
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0, I
0.0
I
0 0
e. I
e. I
0 0
0 0
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0,6
0-3
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0, 1
0.0
3
0 0
C. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
(. 0
o-S
0. 2
4
0 0
0 0
0 0
s. I
ne. I
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
»• 3
0-3
0. 1
S
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
.so. 1
03
0. I
0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
1.0
0.4
7
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
o-S
0. t
S
se. 2
0 0
0 0
e. I
e. I
e. I
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
ne. 1
o.-l
"•3
y
0 1*
ne. 4»
e. I
0 0
0 0
c. I
0 0
e. I
e I
e. I
0.9
0.4
10
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. I
0.0
II
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 2
ne. I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 2
0.0
12
0 0
nw. 2
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0.9
0.4
'3
se. 2
se. I
e. I
0 0
e I
e. I
e. I
e. I
e. I
e. I
0.7
0.3
«4
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0-3
0.1
")
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
se. I
0 0
0 0
0. 2
0.0
16
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
nw. I
0.2
0.0
•7
ne. I
0 0
0 0
e. 2
nw. 1
0 0
ne. I
e. 1
e. I
0 0
0.5
0. 2
18
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0.0
'9
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.,
0.0
20
e. I
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
nc. 1
0.3
0. I
21
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 2
se. I
1.0
0.4
22
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 c
e. I
0 0
c. I
0-5
0.2
23
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
03
0. I
24
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
ne. 2
03
0. I
2.S
nc. I
0 0
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. 2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0.6
03
26
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
no. I
0 0
ne. I
ne. I
0 0
o-S
0. 2
27
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0. 2
0.0
28
0,3
0. 4
0.3
0.4
0.4
0.4
03
0-3
03
o.S
0.42
0. I
0.2
0. 1
0.2
0.2
0.2
0. 1
0. I
0. I
0. 2
0. J
0. 2
• Interpolated from dial.
296
THE LADY FllANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
;;j^
I
^ {■
MARCH, 1883.
Table CXXW .—Dircclion and velocity of the wind, March, 1883%
Wuhinglon mean lime. Kcduce to local mean time by udding 49">
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^ = -|-8l''44' ;»= — 64045'^ — 4>> igm
[Velocity, miles per hour]
Date.
I a
m.
2 a
m.
3=1
ni.
4a
m.
S a. ni.
6a
m.
7a
m.
8 a. in.
9 a. m.
10 a
. m.
II a
. ni.
Noon.
«P
m.
2 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
veliicily.
e. I
Direction
Biid
velucity.
Direction
and
velocity.
e. I
Direction
anil
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
c. I
0
0
0
0
0 0
c.
I
0 0
2
0
0
ne.
I
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
nc. 1
0
0
ne.
I
0 0
0 0
se.
1
0
0
0 0
0
0
e. 2
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
ne. I
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
s
0
0
0
0
0
0
e.
I
se. 1
0
0
s.
I
S. I
sw. I
sw.
2
0
0
0 0
se.
1
0 0
6
S.
'
0
0
s.
'
S.
I
s. 1
sc.
I
0
0
se. 1
sc. 1
0
0
0
0
se. I
se.
'
S. 2
7
n.
I
nw.
2
ne.
2
>.
7
s. 7
ne.
1
s.
3
0 0
0 0
0
0
sc.
1
nc. 2
0
0
0 0
8
0
0
0
0
s.
1
ne.
n. 1
n.
2
s.
•3
s. 40
Kw.sa
s.
41
s.
40
s. 35
s.
23
s. 24
9
se.
>3
s.
S
s.
8
ne.
7
0 0
ne.
1
0
0
0 0
e. I
e.
I
e.
3
se. 1
0
0
0 0
10
0
0
0
0
e.
1
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
II
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0
12
ne.
,
s.
I
.sw.
2
sw.
3
s. 2
s.
2
n.
5
n. 4
n. 2
nw.
1
nc.
2
nw. 2
ne.
3
e. 2
•3
e.
I
e.
2
s.
2
e.
3
e. 2
e.
2
e.
3
e. 4
se. 3
se.
2
nw.
3
se. 1
sw.
2
nw. I
"4
e.
2
n.
2
n.
2
n.
3
sw. 2
sw.
I
sw.
I
sw. 2
sw. 2
se.
2
se.
3
nc. 2
ne.
2
sw. 2
'S
s.
22
s.
6
nw.
7
e.
S
e. S
se.
6
e.
4
se. 3
e- S
nc.
8
ne.
7
sc. 3
sw.
3
nw. 3
16
sc.
2
e.
2
e.
2
ne.
2
e. I
e.
3
e.
'
S, I
s- 3
s.
2
ne.
2
ne. 4
ne.
2
ne. 2
«7
ne.
3
e.
4
e.
2
e.
I
n. 3
ne.
2
e.
3
e. I
c. 2
w.
2
e.
2
e. 2
.sw.
3
se. 3
18
e.
2
se.
2
ne.
4
n.
4
n. 4
n.
3
ne.
I
se. 3
se. 2
sc.
4
e.
2
e. 4
s.
1
se. 3
'9
n.
s
n.
3
ne.
2
ne.
3
e. 2
e.
3
ne.
2
e. 2
e. 3
ne.
2
ne.
I
ne. 2
ne.
3
ne. 2
20
c.
2
e.
2
e.
3
ne.
2
e. 3
e.
2
ne.
3
c. 4
se. 3
se.
3
sc.
2
se. I
se.
2
0 0
21
w.
'
nw.
2
nw.
2
nw.
2
nw. I
nw.
I
nw.
I
nw. 3
se. 2
se.
2
se.
3
e. 2
se.
2
e. 2
22
sw.
.s
sw.
4
se.
3
s.
S
s. s
s.
4
s.
3
S. I
n. 2
se.
2
nc.
I
se. 1
sc.
3
ne. 2
23
w.
2
w.
2
w.
2
w.
2
W. I
w.
2
w.
I
.sw. 2
se. 2
se.
2
se.
2
se. 4
se.
10
se. 14
24
ne.
5
ne.
6
ne.
6
ne.
2
ne. 2
ne.
3
ne.
3
e. 1
e- 3
nw.
2
e.
I
ne. 1
e.
2
e. I
25
w.
2
ne.
2
se.
3
sw.
2
se. 2
s.
2
nw.
2
e. I
e. 3
se.
3
se.
I
se. 2
se.
I
se. 2
26
w.
I
e.
I
e.
2
se.
4
■se. 3
e.
6
se.
9
e. 10
c. 6
e.
6
e.
2
sc. 2
se.
2
0 0
27
se.
,
se.
I
se.
2
nw.
,
nw. I
se.
4
se.
.S
ne. 2
sc. 3
sc.
2
se.
2
se. I
sc.
4
se. 1
38
0
0
0
0
ne.
2
se.
I
se. I
se.
I
0
0
se. 1
se. I
se.
I
se.
1
0 0
se.
1
0 0
29
0
0
se.
I
0
0
sw.
I
0 0
i.w.
I
ne.
I
0 0
sc. I
se.
2
se.
I
s. 3
s.
2
s. 2
30
sc.
1
se.
I
0
0
0
0
0 0
nw.
I
0
0
ne. 2
se. 2
se.
.S
sc.
4
se. I
se.
3
se. 2
3«
Means...
n.
I
n.
2
nc.
2
e.
'
e. I
nw.
S
se.
2.
0 0
se. I
se.
I
se.
'
se. 2
0
0
se. 2
2
4
1.
7
2.
I
2.
I
1-7
I.
9
2.
2
2.9
3.5
3-
2
2.
8
2.5
2
5
2.4
Means in
meters
per sec-
ond
'•
I
0.
8
0.
9
0.
9
0.8
0.
8
I.
0
1-3
1.6
I.
4
■
3
,..
1
I
1. 1
iU.-
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
297
MARCH, 1883.
Taiile CXXIV. — Direction and velocity of the wini/, Afatch, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time l>y adiling 491"
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters],
^=.-f8l">44' X = — 64'»45'=; — 4'' 19'n
I Velocity, miles per hour.1
3 !'• '"•
4 p.m.
5 p. m.
6 p. Ill,
7 p. m.
Direction
and
8 p, m.
9 p, m.
10 1
,n„
1 1 p. 111,
Mi<liii);1it,
Direction
and
Mean ilaily velocity.
V
Direction
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
and
Direction
Hllll
Direction
and
Miles per
hour.
Meters per
second,
0. 1
velocity.
velocity.
velocity,
0 1
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
velocity.
vel<Kily.
velocity.
B
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
n. 3
0-3
1
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0. I
0,0
2
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0, 2
0,0
3
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0.0
0,0
4
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e, 1
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0.4
0,2
5
0 0
s. I
nw. 2
w. 2
sw. I
n. I
0 0
sc.
2
n. I
n. 2
I.O
0,4
6
0 0
0 0
s. 1
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
I. I
o-S
7
s. 23
sw. IS
s. 13
s. 12
s. IS
s, 18
s. 13
s.
16
s. 9
.se. 1 2
17.5
7,8
8
0 0
sw. I
sw. 2
0 0
sw. I
S. I
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
1.9
0,8
9
0 0
ne. I
0 0
0 0
e. I
C. I
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0, 2
0,0
10
nw. I
nw, 4
s. s
se. 2
nw. 3
se. 3
n. 2
se.
2
w. 2
nc. 2
I, I
o-S
II
se. 2
e. 2
ne. I
e. 2
ne. 4
se. 2
ne. 2
ne.
3
e. 2
e. I
2,2
1.0
12
se. 2
ne. 1
ne. 2
w. 2
sw. 3
ne. 4
e. 2
e.
2
e. 4
n. 1
2, 2
1.0
«3
sw. I
sw. 2
sw. 2
w. 2
e. I
ne. 3
se. 4
e.
S
w. 5
s. 8
2-5
1. 1
•4
e. 4
n- 3
s. 4
s. 2
s- 3
s. 4
e. 2
e.
3
e. 2
e. 2
4.8
2. 1
•5
ne. I
ne. S
se. 2
e. 2
"• 3
se. 4
n. 4
nw.
2
nw. 7
nw. 6
2.7
1. 2
16
e. 4
e. 3
ne. 2
n. 4
e- 3
e. 2
e. 2
se.
I
se. 3
se. 2
2S
1. 1
•7
se. I
se. 3
e. 2
nw. 3
se. 2
n. 2
se. 2
e.
3
e. 3
"• 3
2.6
1.2
18
ne. I
ne. 3
e. 2
se. 2
e. 2
nw. 5
e. 2
e.
3
c. 2
w. 3
2-5
1. 1
«9
se. 2
e. I
nw. 1
n. 2
se. I
e, I
n. 2
w.
I
w. 1
w. 1
1.9
0.8
20
se. 3
se. I
n. 2
"• S
ne. 3
e. 3
e- 3
e.
2
sc. 2
se. 3
2. 2
1, 0
21
n. I
n. 2
n. 2
n- 3
n. 2
n. I
n. I
n.
I
n. I
w. 4
2-5
1. 1
22
se. 13
se. 17
se. 16
se. 16
se. 14
s. 10
s. 8
e.
3
e. 6
ne. s
6.S
2.9
23
e. I
ne. 4
e. 9
ne. 2
n. I
n. I
w. I
ne.
I
nc. 2
ne. 2
2.6
1.2
24
ne. 4
ne. 2
lie. 3
ne. 2
e- 3
ne. 3
ne. I
ne.
I
se. 1
se. I
2.0
0,9
25
se. 2
se. 4
s- 5
e. 4
e- S
se. 2
s. 6
e.
3
e- 3
e. 3
3-8
..7
26
se. a
se. I
se. I
se. I
se. I
nw. 2
e. 1
se.
I
se. I
se. I
"■7
0,8
27
0 0
se. 1
0 0
e, 1
0 0
se. I
0 0
e.
I
0 0
e. I
0.6
0.3
28
se. 2
se. I
ne. I
e. I
e. 2
se. I
se. 2
se.
2
se. I
s, 1
1.2
OS
29
le. 2
e. 2
ne. 1
ne. 4
n, 2
nc. 2
ne. 2
.se.
2
ne. 1
e, 2
1.8
0,8
30
se. 2
se. I
e, 2
e. 2
nc. 2
lie. 3
ne. 1
se.
2
c. 2
e, 2
'7
0,8
3«
2.4
2.6
2-7
1,2
25
I. I
2S
I. I
2.6
2, 0
2,
0
2. 0
2-3
1.0
2,40
1. 1
I. 1
1.2
1.2
0.9
0.
9
0.9
I, I
liii
u
';;l I
I.:;)
m
298
TOE LADY KRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
APRIL, 1883.
Table CXXV. — Direction and velocity of the wind, A/>ril, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by addin;; 49">
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters],
^ = + 81044' A-=-64»4S'=r— 4'> I9ni
[Velocity, miiei per hour.]
1 )ate.
I
1 a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a.m.
Direction
■nd
velocity.
4 a.m.
S a.m.
6 a.m.
7 a.m.
Direction
■ml
velocity.
8 a.m.
9 a.m.
10 a. m.
Direction
■ml
velocity.
II a. m.
Noon.
1 p.m.
a p.m.
Direction
■ml
velocity.
Direction
■nil
velocity.
Direction
■nd
velocity.
Direction
■ml
velocity.
Direction
■nd
velocity.
n. 1
Direction
■ml
velocity.
Direction
■nd
valocity.
Direction
■nd
velocity.
Direction
■nd
velocity.
Direction
■ml
velocity.
Direction
■nd
velocity.
e. a
n. I
ne. 2
se. I
e. 2
n. 3
e. I
e. 2
se. 1
nw. a
e. 1
e. I
ne. a
a
ne. I
n\v. I
e. 2
e. I
e. 2
ne. 1
ne. t
c. 2
se. 1
se. 1
se. I
se. 1
se. 1
se. 1
3
e. I
e. I
e. 2
e. 3
e. I
ne. I
e. 2
e. 2
e. I
e. 1
e. 1
e. I
e. ■
c. a
4
n. 2
ne. I
n\v. 2
sw. 2
e. 2
nw. 3
nw. 1
n. I
n. 3
n. 2
n. I
ne. 1
lie. 8
ne. 1
s
ne. 2
ne. 1
:.C. 2
n. 1
n. 1
sw. 1
0 0
nw. 1
ne. I
lie. 1
ne. I
ne. 1
ne. 1
ne. 4
6
e. 4
e. 6
e. 3
ne. 2
e. I
e. 3
e. 3
ne. 4
e. 2
e. 2
e. I
e. I
e. 1
e. 1
7
n. 2
se. 2
e. 2
e. II
e. 6
e. 1
nc. 1
0 0
ne. I
0 0
ne. I
ne. 1
ne. 1
n. 1
8
e. I
e. 1
e. 1
se. 2
n. I
se. I
se. 2
ne. 2
se. 1
se. 2
se. 3
se. 4
se. 1
se. 2
9
e. 3
e. S
e. 2
e. 6
w. 7
se. 4
se. 2
se. I
e. I
C. I
e. I
e. a
e. 1
e. 1
10
e. 1
n. 2
s. I
e. 2
e. 1
0 0
se. 2
ne. 2
ne. 3
ne. 2
ne. 2
e. I
se. a
e. I
II.
e. 2
se. 2
e. 3
e. 1
e. 4
ne. 2
lie. 2
e. 2
e. 1
ne. 4
se. 2
e. 3
ne. I
se. I
12
0 0
w. 1
ne. 2
n. 3
ne. 2
c. 2
e. I
e. I
e. 1
w. 1
0 0
e. I
w. 2
se. I
13
e. 1
e. 2
ne. 1
e. I
e. I
ne. I
e. 1
ne. 1
ne. 1
ne. a
e. 1
n. I
e. I
s. I
"4
c. 2
e. 6
e. 6
se. 3
n. I
w. I
e. 2
e. I
e. I
0 0
ne. 1
e. a
e. 1
ne. I
IS
n. 1
n. 3
n. 1
e. I
ne. I
ne. 1
0 0
ne. I
n. 2
ne. 1
se. I
se. 1
w. 1
0 0
16
e. 3
se. 3
e. 4
e. 7
e. 1
n. 2
e. I
se. I
se. 1
se. 2
ne. I
nw. a
nw. 2
n. I
17
e. 4
e. 2
ne. 3
<-•. 4
nc. 2
ne. 2
ne. I
e. 1
0 0
e. 1
0 0
e. I
e. I
0 0
18
e. 3
e. 3
e. I
e. 5
e. I
e. I
e. 2
c. 1
e. I
ne. 2
ne. I
ne. a
ne. I
ne. 1
19
W. I
e. I
ne. 1
ne. I
0 0
sw. I
se. 1
nw. 2
n. 2
n. 1
n. 2
n. a
n. I
n. 4
20
ne. 5
se. 2
ne. 2
e. 1
ne. 2
s. 5
n. 2
ne. I
e- 3
e. 1
sw. 3
sw. a
sw. 2
s. I
21.
e. 2
w. 1
0 0
se. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
se. ;
se. I
s. I
sw. 1
22
sw. 3
sw. 8
s. 10
sw. 10
s. I
se. 6
se. 4
e. 3
e. 2
e. 4
e. 1
ne. 1
e. 2
nw, 2
23
«•'. S
e. 1
e. 2
se. 3
S'V. 1
0 0
se. 1
se. I
0 0
ne. 1
ne. I
0 0
sw. I
0 0
24
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 1
se. I
0 0
se. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
25
e. I
e. I
0 0
se. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
se. 1
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. 1
26
e. I
e. 3
e. 1
e. I
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
nw. I
27--
«;• 3
e. 3
e. 2
e. I
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
se. I
ne. 2
0 0
28
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
ne. I
0 0
e. I
29
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
e. a
ne. !
ne. 3
30
Means . . .
e. 2
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. I
0 0
0 0
1.9
2. I
«-9
2.6
'■S
1-4
I. I
I. 2
I.O
1.2
0.9
"•3
1.4
1.2
Means in
meters
per sec-
■^nd
i
0.8
0.9
0.8
!.£
0.7
0.6
o-S
o.s
0.4
O.S
0.4
0.6
0.6
o-S
■3
i L
THE LADY FItANKLIN BAY EXI'EDITION.
299
n.
2 p.n
1.
on
y.
Ion
Direct
mil
TClocI
2
e.
a
I
se.
1
1
e.
2
8
ne.
1
I
ne.
4
,
e.
I
1
n.
1
I
se.
2
I
e.
1
2
e.
•
,
se.
I
2
se.
I
I
s.
I
I
ne.
I
1
o
0
2
n.
,
I
o
o
I
ne.
1
1
n.
4
2
s.
I
I
sw.
1
2
nw.
3
I
o
O
I
o
o
O
e.
I
,
nw.
I
2
0
o
0
e.
I
J
ne.
3
o
o
o
APRIL, 1883.
Tablk CXXV. — Dinction and vtlocHy 0/ the wind, April, 1883.
\Vasliii.|;ton mean time. Reduce to local mean time l>y adilin^ 49'"
Anemometer atnve the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^=-)8l»44' a=r-64<'45'=-4'' 19"'
[Vtliiclty, miltt per hour,]
3pm.
Direction
anil
Telocity.
O
se.
e.
ne.
ne.
e.
n.
e.
e.
e,
e.
e.
t.
ne.
ne.
n.
e.
ne.
n.
s.
sw.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
ne.
o
4p.m.
Direction
anil
Telocity.
I
I
3
3
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
I
o
nw.
so.
e.
ne.
ne,
e.
n.
e.
e,
s.
nw.
se.
se.
ne.
nw.
ne.
o
ne.
n.
s.
sw.
e.
o
o
e.
e.
o
e.
e.
o
I
I
2
4
3
I
2
3
I
1
3
I
I
I
2
I
o
2
I
2
2
I
o
o
I
I
o
I
I
o
Sp.ir.
Direction
anil
Telocity,
nw.
e.
ne.
ne.
n.
se.
sw.
n.
se.
se.
e.
e.
o
e.
e,
ne.
c.
.se.
o
nw.
o
'.it.
o
o
ne.
o
o
o
2
I
2
I
2
2
2
o
2
I
I
2
2
O
I
O
I
o
o
I
o '
o
o
6 p. m.
liireclion
■nil
vcloclly.
ne.
nw.
sc,
se.
nw.
nw.
e.
e.
n.
e.
sc,
c,
se.
.se,
e,
e,
ne.
e.
o
o
o
se,
K,
e,
lie.
o
ne.
o
7 p. m.
Direction
anil
Telocity.
nw.
e.
nw,
ne.
e.
e,
se.
e.
se.
nw.
c,
e.
se,
s.
ne.
o
ne.
e.
o
e.
o
e.
c.
ne.
e.
e.
e.
o
8 p. m.
Direction
anil
Telocity.
nw.
nw.
sw.
w.
w.
e,
e.
o
s.
e.
se.
se.
e.
e.
ne.
:;«.
e.
8.
se,
o
ne,
e.
ne,
e,
o
c,
o
2
I
3
2
I
2
3
II
I
o
I
9p.m,
Direction
anil
velocity.
lie,
nc,
ne.
e.
ne.
e,
se,
e.
e.
nc,
c.
nw.
e.
se.
e.
e.
se.
e.
nc,
vn.
o
o
o
e.
e.
ne.
e.
I
2
4
3
2
I
2
5
2
3
4
I
4
I
4
I
2
3
3
IS
o
o
o
I
3
I
S
4
3
o
10 p. m.
Direction
anil
velocity.
sc,
nc.
nc.
ne,
e.
nc.
e.
o
e.
e.
se.
se.
c,
c.
e.
e,
e,
e.
nw.
se.
nc,
o
e,
o
ne,
e.
e,
e.
o
II p.m. I Midni|;)it.
1 1
Direction
anil
velocity.
2
c.
1
.s
nw.
2
2
nc.
2
1
nc.
2
3
e.
2
2
c.
1
3
I
0
c.
e.
e.
7
4
I
2
c.
2
4
I
e.
e.
6
I
3
3
6
e,
ne.
e.
I
2
I
n.
6
2
e.
2
3
4
5
e,
e.
ne.
I
3
3
nc.
o
e,
e,
o
Direction
anil
velocity.
c.
e.
e.
o
nw.
se.
sc,
c.
e,
e.
ne.
e.
e.
e.
o
ne.
ne.
o
nc.
o
se.
c,
ne,
o
c.
e,
c.
2
I
2
2
3
3
2
o
4
5
o
I
o
I
I
I
o
3
I
I
Mciin dally velocity.
I
Milen per
hour.
"5
«S
••7
2, 1
2, 2
2,0
2-4
2, I
2. I
1,6
^•4
'3
••5
1,9
!,(>
2, I
«S
1,8
1,9
3,S
0.7
2,7
0.8
0.7
0.9
0,8
'5
0,8
1,0
o, 2
Meters per
0.7
0,7
0.8
0,9
1,0
0.9
I, I
0.9
0,9
t>-7
I, I
o. f)
0.7
0.8
0,7
0,9
0.7
0,8
0.8
16
0-3
I. 2
0.4
03
0.4
0,4
0,7
0.4
0.4
0,0
s
7
8
9
10
II
12
•3
•4
'S
16
>7
18
>9
20
21
22
23
24
2S
26
27
28
29
30
I. I
'•3
1-3
•5
'•7
23
2,7
2-3
2-3
1.8
1,62
o-S
O.S
0.6
0.6
0.7
0,8
1.2
0,8
0,7
0.7
il
;:'i s n
300
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
MAY, 1883,
Tadle CXXVI. — Dirfction and vehxity of tht wind, Afay, 1883.
Washinyton mean time. Ke<lucc to local mean time l>y aililinc 4(>'"
Anemometer above the ground, ji Teet [9.4 melcn].
f -= -f 8l"» 44' Xtt, - 640 45' — — 4'" 19™
I Vtlocily, mlln p«r hour.)
Dale.
I a. m.
3 a
m,
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
Direction
■nd
velocity.
0 0
S a. m.
6 a.
m.
7 a. m,
DIrectinn
■ nd
velocity.
0 0
8 n. m.
Direction
• ml
velocity.
0 0
9 a.
m.
loa
DIret
•n
VkllM
m.
lion
d
;lty.
0
II a. m.
Noon,
Direction
■nd
vtloclty.
1 |). m.
Direction
•ml
velocity.
0 0
3 p. m.
Direction
•ml
velocity.
Directiiin
•nil
velocity.
0 0
Dirciiion
■mi
velocity.
0 0
Direction
■ml
vel<K'lty.
0 0
Direction
■ml
veliH'ity.
Direction
• mi
velocity.
0 0
Direction
• ml
velocity.
0 0
Direction
■nd
velocity.
0 0
e. 1
0
0
0
0 0
0 0
ne.
3
<i 0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
«. 1
0 0
0 0
e. 10
c.
II
e. II
e. 8
e. 10
c.
7
e.
7
e. 1
0
0
e.
1
0 0
0 0
0 0
e. 1
e. 4
e.
s
e. 7
e. 3
e. 4
«■
3
e.
e. 1
e.
3
e.
1
c. 1
nw. 1
nw, 1
nw. 3
J
ne. 6
e.
5
c. S
e. 2
0 0
n.
1
ne.
'
nc, 1
e.
'
ne.
1
e. 3
ne. 1
c. 2
e. 1
6
e. 1
c.
3
se. 4
e. 2
e. 1
c.
,
e.
1
e. 3
e.
3
se.
1
se. 3
0 0
e. 2
e. 1
S ::;::;
e. 1
ne.
3
se. 1
e. 2
e. 2
c.
1
c.
2
c. 1
e.
1
e.
1
e. 2
ne. 3
ne. 1
e. 1
e. 3
e.
1
e. 3
t. 3
e. S
c.
2
c.
1
c. 1
sc.
1
ne.
1
w. 1
nw. 1
se. 2
ne. I
9
n. 4
ne.
4
ne. 2
ne. 3
ne. 1
ne.
2
ne.
2
n. 3
ne.
3
se.
1
e. 1
ne. 3
e. 1
e. 3
10
e, 1
e.
3
e. 2
nc. 1
ne. 2
e.
'
e.
2
n. 1
n.
3
ne.
3
ne. 2
ne. 1
ne. 2
ne. 1
II
nc. 1
0
0
ne. 1
sc. 1
n. 1
e.
,
0
0
e. 1
se.
1
0
0
ne. 2
ne. 1
ne. 1
0 0
13
se. 3
e.
1
sw. I
nw. 2
n. 3
ne.
2
0
0
e. 3
ne.
3
sc.
3
sc. 1
sw. 3
sw. 1
ne. 3
13
ne. 3
ne.
3
s. 3
e. i
e. 3
w.
2
nc.
2
8. 3
se.
6
s?.
5
n. 3
ne. 7
ne. 4
se. 6
14
e. II
ne.
«9
e. as
*e. 23
ne. 14
nc.
19
c.
18
ne. 1(1
ne.
24
ne.
26
np.40
ne. 19
ne. 22
ne. 34
15
nw. 4
n.
3
n. 3
nw. 7
w. 6
nw.
7
nw.
6
nw. s
se.
3
nw.
6
sw. s
nw. 6
sw. 8
sw. 6
16
sc. 6
se.
2
n. 2
w. 1
nw. 1
nw.
2
nw.
,
n. 1
n.
,
0
0
n. 1
0 0
n. 1
w. 1
17
ne. 7
ne.
4
lie. 5
nc. 1
0 0
0
0
ne.
1
nc. 1
se.
1
0
0
ne, 1
ne. 1
0 0
8. 1
18
c. 2
e.
3
c. 1
e. I
0 0
e.
2
c.
1
c. 1
e.
I
s.
1
w, 1
S. I
sw. 2
SW. I
19
e. 2
e.
1
nw. 1
nw. 1
nw. 1
nw.
1
nw.
1
sw. I
sw.
3
sw.
1
s. 1
S. I
sw. 1
sw. 1
30
e. 1
se.
1
se. 2
lie. 3
ne. I
ne.
1
ne.
2
ne. 1
0
0
s.
1
s. 2
se. 2
ne. 2
W. 1
31
e. 2
e.
2
se. 2
e. 2
e. 1
e.
2
e.
2
se. 3
nw.
3
nw.
2
nw. 2
sw. 3
sw. 4
sw. 2
33
e. 2
0
0
se. 3
.se. I
se. 2
se.
1
se.
3
se. 3
se.
1
se.
I
nw. I
0 0
nw. 1
0 0
33
ne. I
0
0
e. 1
c. 1
e. I
c.
1
se.
se, I
se.
I
se.
1
e. 1
e. 1
e. 1
0 0
24
e. 3
e.
2
e. 8
e. 8
e. II
e.
4
se.
7
.se. 1
se.
3
nw.
1
sw. 3
w. 3
sw. 2
»•• 3
35----
se. 3
se.
'
se. I
se. 1
se. 2
se.
1
se.
2
se. 1
se.
•
e.
2
se. 1
se. 3
sc. 4
sc. 3
36
sw. 3
s\v.
2
s. 2
s. 3
s. 2
s.
1
s.
1
s. 1
s.
3
nw.
1
sw, 3
s. 1
nw. 1
nw, 3
27
0 0
s.
1
0 0
0 0
s. I
s.
1
s.
2
s. 6
se.
3
ne.
9
ni>. 16
nc. 20
e. 21
ne, 13
38
nc. 23
ne.
34
w. 17
w. 12
w. 7
sw.
3
sw.
7
sw. 6
sw.
3
se.
3
s. 1
s. I
sw. 2
n- 3
39
n. 17
n.
12
e. 2
e. 1
0 0
e.
1
e.
I
e. 1
0
0
e.
I
ne. I
ne. 2
ne, 1
ne. 1
30 —
a. 12
s.
'S
s. 20
s. 19
s. 20
s.
33
s.
14
.s. 19
se.
30
se.
32
se. 19
sc. 21
se. 23
». 23
31
Means . . .
Means in
ne. 12
.s.
5
ne. 3
e- 3
se. I
s.
1
s.
0
S. 20
s.
37
s.
ii
s. 18
s. 16
s. 18
sw. 28
4.6
4
3
4-5
3.8
33
3
0
3-
•
33
3-
7
4-
I
4-3
38
4.3
4-3
metei^
per sec-
ond _ ,
2.1
I
9
2.0
••7
IS
I
3
■
4
IS
■
7
1.
8
1.9
1-7
1.9
1.9
'lit i
\
,ii
1-
: i
' 4- ■
1
■ 'i
1^
ii
Ll
TUli LADY FUANKLIN IJAY KXl'liDITlON.
801
III.
2|>
Dirt
■r
vela
m.
(Ion
<l
ily.
clliin
Id
clly.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
e.
1
1
nw.
2
2
e.
•
2
e.
,
1
e.
1
2
ne.
I
1
e.
2
2
ne.
I
1
0
o
I
ne.
2
4
se.
6
22
8
nc.
6W.
24
6
I
w.
1
o
s.
I
2
sw.
I
1
sw.
1
2
\v.
'
4
sw.
2
1
o
O
1
0
o
2
w.
3
4
se.
3
I
nw.
2
>l
ne.
13
2
n.
3
I
ne.
1
tj
s.
23
8
sw.
28
4
2
9
MAY, 1883.
Tablk CXXVI. — Dini/ioH tiniiri/oii(v i'///if icin,/, Afav, 1883.
Wuthin^tnn mean lime. Kciluce tu IikuI iman tunc l>y aildiii^ 41/"
Anemoinotcr almve the (;r>iun<l, ji fed [i>.4 iiiitci^j.
f -^ 4 81° 44' ■/ - 64° 45' 4I' i-r
[V'cliH Uy, nill(9 |)cr hour. I
3p. m.
Direction
4 p. m.
5 p. ni.
6 p. in.
Olrcitlon
7 p. ni.
Oirection
8 p. ni.
Direction
9 p. ni.
Iiirectiiiii
10 p
Diro
III.
tinll
1 1 p. in.
Direction
Mhlnicht.
Direction
Mcanilaily \cli)city.
MileH i)c>r M r<i,.j.»
«j
Direciiim
liirecllim
end
■ml
end
enil
(lid
■ lid
■ml
■ml
■nd
■nd
i* 1 II V 4 1 'V 1
hour.
0. I
■cconiV
0.0
3
1
Telocity.
0 0
velocity,
e. 1
velocity.
0 0
velocity.
velmity.
0 0
velocity.
0 0
velocity.
0 0
velocity.
velocity.
0 0
velocity,
e. 1
0 0
0
0
ne. I
nw. 3
nw. 4
e. 2
ne.
I'. 4
ne. 5
lie.
1
ne. 10
ne. 5
1.6
0.7
3
0 0
e. 3
0 0
lie. I
nc.
nc. 5
e- i
c
1
S
e. 3
3-8
"•7
3
sw. 1
nw. 3
w. 1
e. 1
e.
ne. 3
ne. 5
nc.
5
lie. 5
ne. 3
2.6
1.2
4
nw. 3
nw. 3
e. 1
c. 1
e.
e. 3
nw. 1
se.
1
C. 2
e. 1
1.8
0.8
s
c. 2
ne. 1
e. 2
nw. 1
e.
lie. 1
e. 2
c.
1
c. I
e. 1
« S
0.7
6
e. I
e. I
.sc. 1
nw. 1
e.
w. 1
se. 2
n.
3
nc. 4
ne. 2
•5
0.7
7
e. 1
e. I
0 0
nw. 1
ne.
ne. 3
nw. 2
nw.
4
ne. 5
nw. 4
1.9
0.8
8
e. 1
ne. ■
ne. 3
ne. 2
e.
nw. I
ne. 3
ne.
2
lie. 2
ne. 2
2.0
0.9
9
ne. 1
ne. 1
niv 2
nc. I
e.
e. 3
e. 3
n.
2
w. 3
nw. 1
• 7
0.8
10
ne. 1
ne. 1
Ml. 3
ne. 2
nc.
ne. 2
ne. 1
ne.
,
nc. I
nc. 2
1.0
0.4
II
ne. 1
w. 1
II. 1
n, I
n.
n. 1
n. 3
n.
2
n. 3
n. 1
•S
0.7
13
e. 3
e. II
e. 9
e. 10
e.
10
e. 6
e. 4
e.
8
S. 3
s. 3
4.7
2. 1
13
ne. 35
ne. 36
ne. 21
sw. 10
sw.
sw. 8
sw. 9
sw.
5
sw. 7
sw. 4
17.7
7.9
14
nw. 10
nw. 2
sw. 6
sw. 5
sw.
w. 6
w. 8
w.
2
»• 4
>v. 3
S-3
2.4
IS
n. 1
0 0
se. 1
e. 1
e.
ne. 4
ne. (>
ne.
7
ne. 8
nc. 8
2-S
1. 1
16
e. 1
e. I
ne. 3
ne. 1
ne.
ne. 5
3
e.
4
c. 4
c. 1
2.0
0.9
"7
SiW. I
sw. 1
ne. 2
e. 2
e.
e. 1
n. 3
0
0
"• 3
sw. 3
1-5
0.7
18
sw. 1
se. I
W. I
e. 1
nw.
nw. 2
e. 1
e.
1
e. I
e. 2
1.2
0.5
"9
sw. 1
s. 1
e. I
e. I
c.
nw. 1
se. 2
n.
2
nc. 2
ne. 1
1-4
O.f)
20
e. 7
e. II
s. 10
s. 4
se.
e. 1
ne. 2
se.
,
«■•• 3
ne. I
30
« 3
21
w. 1
0 0
n. I
0 0
ne.
sc. 1
lie. 1
n.
I
lie. 3
0 0
I. I
o-S
22
e. I
ne. 1
0 0
e. I
e.
se. 1
ne. I
0
0
n. 3
sw. 4
I.O
0.4
23
»• 3
sw. 3
se. 2
»• S
sc.
se. 8
se. 1 1
sw.
4
se. 1
s. 2
4-3
1.9
24
se. 3
se. 5
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw.
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw.
i
sw. 2
sw. 2
2.2
1.0
25
nw. 2
nw. 1
nw. 1
nw. 2
nw.
o* 0
nw. 1
nw.
1
nw. I
0 0
14
0.6
26
ne. 14
ne. 16
ne. iC
ne. 18
nv.
20
lie. 16
ne. 16
ne.
16
ne. 17
ne. 19
10.9
4 9
27
e. I
0 0
ne. 1
w. 3
w.
s. 1
ne. 3
n.
8
n. II
n. 13
6-3
2.S
28
ne. I
0 0
0 0
w. 2
nw.
nw. 2
s. 6
nw.
3
s. 4
s. 13
30
'•3
29
s. 16
S. II
se. 8
se. 8
sw.
10
ne. S
ne. S
e.
3
e. 2
n. 5
14- 3
1 '■'
30
sw. 28
sw. 29
sw. 2$
sw. 16
s.
II
s. 2J
s. 23
sw.
24
sw. 22
sw. 14
16.9
! 7.6
3«
43
44
4"
3-4
3-
7
3-7
4-4
3
7
4-S
4.0
3-93
1.9
2.0
1.8
'■5
1
7
• 7
2.0
7
2.0
1.8
■•7
1
1.8
l__
• Ji
' .1
!» I
inr
'■ '"■{
I : ; [
r i K 1
! 1 ||
! ; •' i
\ a
'iljji ^ P'
i !
302
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JUNE, 1883.
Table CXXVlL-^Dirrc/ion h/k/ le/oa/v 0/ ///<• 7<'ifii/, yuiie, 1883.
Washington mean lime, Reduce to local mean lime by aiUling 49'"
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^.= f8i"'44' ?. = — 64° 45'= -4>' 19'n
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
I a. m.
1
Direction
anil
velocity.
2 a. m.
._-
Direction
and
vcloci).
3a
m.
4 a.m.
S a. m.
6 a.
m.
7a
m.
8 a. m.
q a.m.
10 a.m.
11 a.ri>.
Noon.
I p. ni.
2 p. m.
Dale.
Direction
and
v^'ocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Dircttion
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
,
s. 18
s. 9
se.
13
se. 13
sw. 14
s.
7
se.
7
s. 8
s. 15
s. 18
s. 17
s. 18
s. 22
s. 21
2
ne. 5
ne. 7
n.
8
n. 13
s. 5
ne.
2
se.
I
nw. 5
W. 2
e. I
w. 2
w. 1
w. I
SW. I
3
sw. 3
sw. 2
nw.
I
nw. 4
nw. 2
w.
I
s.
2
s. I
SW. 1
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw. I
sw. I
se. 2
4
WW. 3
nw. I
nw.
2
ne. 2
nw. 2
nw.
I
se.
4
se. 3
sw. 2
ne. 3
nw. 4
se. 4
sw. 3
sw. 3
S
w. I
0 0
ne.
2
nw. 2
n. 2
nw.
.^
nw.
3
ne. 2
SW. 4
w. 2
w. 2
W. I
w. 3
sw. 3
6
w. I
s. 1
nw.
I
s. 2
nw. I
s.
I
s.
2
0 0
w. 2
w. 2
w. I
W. I
W. 2
W. I
7
s. II
s. 13
s.
9
s. 9
s. 12
s.
14
s.
17
s. IS
s. 13
s. 19
s. 25
s. 26
s. 20
sw. 24
8
a. 15
s. 14
se.
13
se. 8
sw. II
nw.
9
s.
3
se. 4
s. 9
s. 5
s- 3
S. 2
S. 2
s- 5
9
ne. 5
SW. 4
n.
7
n. 13
nw. 8
n.
b
se.
8
s- 5
se. 8
ne. 17
ne. 28
ne. 26
n. 21
n. 24
10
sw. 4
w. 6
w.
5
nw. 4
w. S
w.
5
w.
6
s. 4
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 4
sw. 4
sw. 2
sw. 3
II
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw.
3
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw.
2
w.
4
nw. s
w. 5
sw. 3
sw. 4
sw. 3
sw. 4
sw. 5
12
nw. 2
nw. 3
sw.
I
sw. 3
SW. 3
sw.
2
sw.
3
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 3
sw. 2
w. 2
w. 2
W. 2 1
»3 -
sw. I
sw. 2
sw.
I
sw. I
SW. I
s.
3
s.
7
se. 8
se. IS
se. 13
s. 12
s. 12
s. 18
s- 5 ;
14
s. 6
se. 12
se.
9
se. 12
se. 12
se.
8
s.
5
nw. 4
nw. I
nw. I
nw. 3
w. 3
W. 2
w. 3
IS
nw. 9
w. 5
sw.
2
sw. I
sw. I
se.
I
sw.
2
nw. I
sw. 8
s. 6
sw. 3
sw. 3
SW. 5
sw. 3
If)
s- 3
sw. 4
sw.
7.
\\v. I
nw. I
sw.
I
s.
3
nw. 2
s- 5
s. 12
s. 5
se. 5
s. 4
s. s ,
17
e. 2
sw. 2
nw.
4
•'•■ 4
w. 2
sw.
2
nw.
4
nw. 2
w. I
0 0
W. I
SV,'. I
SW. 2
lie. 18
sw. I ,
18
sw. 2
s- 3
sw.
7
W. II
w. 6
s«.
10
ne.
20
ne. 20
ne. 20
ne. 20
ne. 20
ne. 18
ne. 17 1
«9
w. 2
W. I
nw.
I
nw. 2
w. I
w.
2
w.
7
w. 6
ne. ■)
ne. 8
sw. 5
s. 8
sw. 5
sw. 7 1
20
s. I
S. I
sw.
I
nw. 5
nw. 3
nw.
4
nw.
I
nw. 2
nw. 2
nw. 2
nw. I
w. 2
-dW. I
W. 2
21 .. ...
S. 2
0 0
s\\ .
I
sw. I
sw. 2
sw.
I
sw.
I
sw. 2
nw. 2
nw. I
nw. I
w, ■
sw. 2
SW. 2
22
sw.
sw. 3
sw.
3
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw.
2
s.
4
s- 3
sw. 2
sw. 3
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 2
SW. 2
23
s.
0 0
0
0
0 0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0 0
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. I
SW. I
24
ne. 19
ne. 20
n.
17
n. 12
ne. 12
ne.
25
ne.
24
ne. 19
ne. 27
nc.37
n. 3'
n. 17
nw. 20
n. 17
25
w. 12
w. 8
w.
II
w. 10
sw. 9
sw.
8
w.
4
sw. 6
w. 5
w. 7
w. 6
w. 3
sw. 3
sw. 6
26
sw. I
0 0
sw.
I
sw. 2
0 0
sw.
2
0
0
sw. 1
sw. I
sw. 2
sw. I
se. 2
e. II
se. 14
27
s. I
se. I
sw.
I
sw. I
W. I
0
0
w.
I
sw. 2
se. I
se. 4
e. 2
sw. 5
s- 3
e. II
28
w. I
0 0
w.
3
w. 4
w. I
w.
3
sw.
5
sw. 2
sw. 3
se. 3
e- 3
sw. 3
sw. 12
ne. 13
29
ne. 4
ne. 14
ne.
>3
ne. 12
ne. 1 1
ne.
'3
ne.
>3
ne. 17
ne. 21
ne. 25
ne. 19
ne. 14
ne. 13
ne. 15
30
sw. 2
■•,•7
sw. 5
4.8
="•■
2
sw. 2
sw. I
sw.
I
sw.
3
sw. 1
s. 3
sw. 3
sw. 3
sw. 3
sw. 3
sw. 3
Moans...
4-
8
iZ
4.4
4-
6
5-
5
S-i
6.5
7.5
7.2
6.4
6.9
7-4
Means in
n-.cters
per sec-
ond
2. I
2. I
2.
I
2.4
2.0
2.
I
2.
S
2.3
2.9
3.4
3-2
2.9
31
3-3
ii:
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
303
'tion i Direction
d I and
;ity. ■ veiocity.
s. 21
sw, I
sc. 2
sw. 3
sw. 3
w. I
sw. 24
s- S
n. 24
sw.
.3
sw.
5
w.
2
s.
5
w.
3
sw.
3
s.
5
sw.
1
ne.
>7
sw.
7 1
W. 2
sw. 2
sw. 2
SW. I
11. 17
sw. 6
se. 14
e. II
ne. 13
ne. 15
sw. 3
JUNE, 1883.
Table CXXVIL — Direction ami velocity of the wind, yiine, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to locul mean lime by adding 49"'
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^=rf8i°44' X= — 64' 45' — — 4" 19'"
[Velocity, miies per hour.]
3 p- m.
Direction
and
Telocity.
s. 18
ne. 2
nw. 2
sw. I
sw. 4
w. I
sw. 25
s- 3
n. 19
sw.
sw.
w.
s.
w.
sw. 4
sw. 2
S. I
ne. 14
sw. 5
nw. I
sw. 2
SW. 2
SW. I
n. 13
sw.
sc.
ne.
ne.
4
>3
>3
•5
«9
4 i>. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
SW.
e.
w.
ne.
ne.
3
16
7
17
21
7.0
3'
S p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
s.
19
SW.
4
sw.
3
sw.
1
w.
I
w.
2
sw.
22
s.
6
nw.
'4
sw.
2
sw.
4
w.
2
s.
14
w.
2
w.
3
sw.
3
w.
2
ne.
«4
sw.
5
s.
2
sw.
2
sw.
2
sw.
2
ne.
22
s.
sw.
n.
sw.
sw.
I
w. 2
sw. 22
sw. 6
n.
sw.
sw.
w.
nw.
sw.
w.
e.
w.
sw.
sw.
se.
n.
sw.
e.
w.
ne.
nw.
>9
2
4
2
10
3
I
2
3
12
3
2
2
I
5
18
4
16
6
16
16
6 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
se.
sw.
ne.
n.
«3
5
I
2
7-3
3-3
6.8
3-0
sw. 2
W. I
sw. 23
sw. 7
sw.
w.
sw.
sw.
sw.
ne.
nw.
"4
2
3
3
12
16
2
SW, 2
nw. 3
ne. 13
s. 2
se. 2
sw. I
sw. I
3. 7
ne. I S
sw. 3
e. 12
w. 2
ne, 14
w. 7
sw. 2
7 p. m.
I
8 p, m.
9 p. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
6.4
2.9
.>>e.
sw.
e.
ne.
o
w.
s.
sw.
sw,
sw,
sw,
sw.
s.
e.
w.
sw.
s.. .
nt,
s.
w.
sw.
sw.
.se.
w.
sw. 3
e. 10
w. a
ne. 16
sw. 7
sw. 2
II
S
2
2
o
2
24
2
7
2
4
2
b
18
2
2
2
16
2
2
3
Direction | 1>lrection
and L- ad
velocity. velocity.
s» 10
S. 2
e. 4
o o
w.
nw.
s.
sw. 3
w. 2
23
sw. 3
sw, 3
sw. 2
S. 12
e, 17
S-9
2.6
nw.
sw.
SW.
ne.
nw.
sw.
sw.
ne.
w.
sw.
e.
w.
ne.
sw.
I
2
2
25
2
I
2
/
5
2
9
3
>S
S
s,
e,
ne.
e.
sw.
nw.
s.
e.
w.
II
I
2
2
2
2
'9
4
3
S6
2-5
sw. 2
•'\v. 2
sw. 3
s. 8
e. 16
nw. 2
sv^, 2
sw, 2
nw, 16
s, 2
w,
sw,
sw.
ne.
w.
sw.
se,
w,
ne,
sw.
I
2
2
16
5
4
5
3
«4
3
Direction
and
velocity.
ne,
e.
n.
e.
sw.
sw,
sw,
s,
e.
9
I
4
I
2
I
>•/
6
4
3
8
'3
nw,
sw, 3
sw, 2
W. 10
S. I
sw,
sw,
sw,
ne,
e.
sw.
o
o
w.
sw.
3
I
I
22
5
I
o
o
4
I
II p. m Midnight.
Direction
aiid
velocity.
e.
sw,
se,
sw.
s.
se.
nw.
2
I
4
I
I
3
13
7
nw, I
sw. 3
sw. 5
s. IS
ne. 15
2 «.
sw.
sw,
sw.
s,
sw,
sw,
o
ne,
sw,
sw.
se.
w.
.sw.
sw.
2
2
2
s
I
I
I
o
21
Direction
and
velocity.
ne. 3
w. 3
s. I
o o
2
9
18
6
3
sw.
e.
ne.
sw.
sw.
sw,
se,
ne,
sw.
sw.
sw.
w.
s.
S-2
4.4
2.0
4-2
2.3
o o
sw, I
sw, I
ne, 19
w, 8
sw,
o
w,
sw,
sw.
Mean daily velocity.
Miles per .Meters per
hour, scciind.
4.2
2-3
13.0
3-4
2. I
2,0
2.0
1.8
18.0
6.4
II, I
3-3
3-4
2-5
8-3
8.4
2,9
31
2, 1
«3-3
3-5
1,8
'5
2,0
5-2
16,7
5^2
5,0
30
7-2
12,0
2,4
5. 76
2.6
5-8
' S
o 9
0.9
0.9
0.8
8.0
2.9
S.o
••5
'5
I. I
3-7
3-8
«3
1.4
0.9
S-9
1. ft
0.8
0.7
0.9
23
7-S
2-3
2. 2
••3
3-2
S'4
1. 1
ID
II
12
13
'4
>5
16
•7
18
«9
20
21
22
23
24
2S
26
27
28
29
30
2.6
If!
iM i ir
304
TUB LADY lllANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
JULY, 1883.
Table CXXVIII DirecHon and velocity of the wind, yuly, i88j,
Wa&liiiigtnn mean time. Reduce tu local mean time by adding 49"!
Anemometer above the ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
0=f8l''44' /i=: — 64'>45'=: — 4'' 19"'
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
!ll i
Dale.
1 a.
Diret
an
veliH
m.
2 a. in.
Direction
and
velocity.
3 a. in.
Direction
and
velocity.
4 a.
m.
5 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
6 a. m.
Direction
and
velocity.
7 a. m.
I>irection
and
velocity.
8 a. 111.
Direction
and
velocity.
9 a, ni.
10 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
Noon.
Direction
and
velocity.
I |>. m.
21..
m.
tion
il
ity.
Diicction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
aiid
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
velocity.
Direction
and
vclotity.
1 .
sw.
J
sw.
3
nw. 3
nw.
I
w. 2
w. I
w.
2
sw.
3
w. 3
w. 2
sw. 5
sw. S
sw. 5
sw.
4
2
.sw.
2
sw.
sw. I
sw.
I
sw. 2
sw. I
sw.
I
sw.
4
sw, 4
sw. 2
S. 2
s. 4
s. 3
s.
3
3 --
sw.
I
sw.
2
sw. 2
sw.
2
sw. 2
s. I
s.
4
s.
4
s- 3
s. 4
S. 2
»• 3
s, 6
s.
3
4
s.
3
s.
2
s- 3
sw.
4
s. 2
sw, 2
sw.
3
sw
2
sw. 2
S. 2
S. 2
s- 3
s. I
sw.
3
S
sw.
2
sw.
4
sw. 3
sw.
I
sw. I
sw. 3
sw.
2
sw.
4
SW. 2
SW. 3
SW. 3
sw. 3
sw. 3
sw.
3
6
sw.
4
sw.
4
sw. 5
sw.
5
s. 8
sw. 4
s.
9
sw.
'3
SW. 10
s. 10
s. 8
s- S
s. 4
s.
4
7
s.
2
sw.
1
s. 4
s.
2
s. 2
0 0
s.
•
s.
3
s. 5
w. s
sw. 3
sc. 6
s. 5
s.
2
8.
su.
3
0
0
sw. 1
sw.
2
sw. 3
sw. I
sw.
2
sw
I
sw. 2
SW. 3
sw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 2
sw.
2
9
sw.
2
sw.
I
sw. 3
sw.
3
sw. 5
sw, 2
s,,.
4
sw.
2
S. 2
s- 3
S. 2
s- 3
S. 2
s.
3
10
sw.
3
s.
3
■'•• 5
s.
3
S. 2
s. I
s.
2
s.
2
S. 2
s. 2
s. 4
s- 3
$. 4
s.
2
II .
.s.
2
s.
1
s. 2
s.
1
s. 1
s. 4
s.
3
s.
3
s. 3
s- 3
s. 4
s. 2
s. 4
s.
2
I2_
sw.
I
sw.
I
S. I
s.
1
S. I
S. 2
s.
I
s.
2
s- 3
s. 2
S. I
S. 2
s. I
e.
2
13
s.
2
<;.
2
S. 2
s.
2
sw. 4
SW. 2
sw.
2
sw.
2
SW. 2
sw. 2
sw. I
sw, 2
sw, 2
sw.
2
«4
0
0
sw.
'
sw. 2
sw.
2
sw. I
sw. I
sw.
2
sw.
3
sw. 3
SW. 3
sw. 3
sw. 4
SW, 3
sw.
2
IS
nw.
1
nw.
2
W. 1
sw.
2
sw. 3
sw. I
sW.
I
sw.
2
SW. I
w.
nw. 5
sw. 3
sw, 3
w.
,
16
.se.
5
se.
3
se. 4
s.
6
nw. 2
sw. 2
ne.
I
no.
2
sw. I
sw. i
sw. 4
nw. 2
nw. 2
nw.
2
17
sw.
0
sc.
8
sc. 9
IIW.
4
.se. 4
sw. 1 I
sc.
5
sw.
5
SW. 7
sw. 2
se. 7
sc. II
se. 10
sw.
S
18
sw.
2
sw.
2
iiw. 1
nw.
2
II. 2
IIW. 2
w.
3
nw.
1
nw. 3
nw. 3
sw. 2
sw. 2
s. 5
s.
3
19
sw.
8
s.
3
sc. I 2
s,.
7
nw. 6
SW. 3
sw.
3
w.
4
w. 2
nw. 3
W, 2
w. 3
nw, 5
se.
4
20.
sw.
I
sw.
1
sw. 1
SWi
I
sw. I
nc. 2
w.
4
s.
4
s. 10
nc. 12
nc. 19
ne. 19
nc, 22
nc.
29
21
sw.
3
sw.
1
0 0
sw.
3
W. I
nw. 2
nw.
2
sw.
2
SW. 2
sw. I
w. 2
nw, 2
nw. I
sw.
2
22_
nw.
3
w.
I
W. I
se.
•
s. I
nw. 2
w.
2
w.
3
se. 7
sc. 14
s. 16
s. 16
s. 15
s.
"3
23
sw.
2
sw.
2
sw. 3
sw.
4
sw. 1
vi 0
sw.
2
sw.
I
0 0
0 0
nw. I
w, I
nw. I
0
0
24
nw.
1
sw.
I
0 0
nw.
2
0 0
se. 2
sw.
2
sw.
I
sw. I
sw. I
sw, I
sw, 2
sw. I
nw.
3
25
nw.
3
nw.
,
SV. I
se.
I
sc. 10
e. 16
sc.
10
ne.
3
e. 14
c. 14
c. 16
e. 14
nw, 8
nw.
3
26.
sw.
4
sw.
2
sw. 2
0
0
sw. I
0 0
sw.
I
sw.
1
sw. I
W. I
w, 2
0 0
w. I
w.
2
27
c.
16
e.
14
e. 16
e.
22
e. 19
e. 21
e.
«9
sc.
'S
lie. 9
se. 6
s. 4
s. I
sw, 3
s.
2 ;
28
s.
3
s.
2
s- 3
s.
5
s- 3
s. 2
s.
2
s.
3
s. 4
w. 2
sw, 2
sw, I
sw, 2
sw.
2
29
w.
2
nw.
4
sw. I
sw.
I
sw. I
se. I
sw.
2
sw.
2
sw. I
sw. 2
SW, 2
sw, 3
sw. 4
sw.
3
30
s.
14
se.
15
sc. 10
se.
10
se. II
S. II
s.
4
s.
14
se. 10
sw. I I
W, 2
se. 5
se. 8
se.
II
3' --
Means
nw.
1
s.
7
S. 12
s.
12
s. 2
s. 2
sw.
7
sw.
2
se. 2
sc. 14
se. 7
se. II
sc. 10
se.
7
3-S
3
I
37
3
6
3.4
3-4
3
2
3
6
3-9
4-4
4-4
4.6
4.7
4
2
Means in
motors
per sec-
ond
I
6
•
4
«-7
I
6
»S
«S
1
4
I
6
'•7
2.0
2.0
'2.1
2.1
I
9
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY KXPKDITION.
305
JULY, 1883.
Table CXXVllL—nirci/io/i am/ 7r/,>a/y of //ir jc'i>i>/, 'jfiih; 1883.
Washington mean time. Kciluco to local mean lime by adding 49'"
Anemometer above the ground, },\ feet [9.4 iiicter.s].
^ = + 81° 44' X-=-64°4S'=: — 4" 19'"
[Velocity, miles per hour.]
3 p. '"■
4 p. m.
Direction
nnd
velocity.
SW. 3
5 P- '"•
Direction
and
velocity.
SW, 3
() p. 111.
Direction
and
velocity.
SW. 2
7 P-
m.
S 1). m.
Direction
and
velocity.
0 p. m.
Direction
iind
velocity.
10 p. 111.
Direction
and
velocity.
0 0
1 1 p. m.
Midnight.
Itircction
and
velocity.
Mean daily velocity.
Mites per Meters per
hour. second.
Direction
and
velocity.
Dire,
velii
lion
,ly.
Direction
and
velocity.
SW. 2
SW. 4
sw.
2
SW. I
SW. 2
sw. 2
2.6
I. 2
s. 3
s. 3
.SW. I
SW. I
SW.
2
SW. 1
SW. 2
sw. I
SW. 3
SW. 3
2 I
0.9
2
s. 3
s. 2
S. 2
s- 3
s.
2
s- 3
s. 2
nw. 3
nw. I
SW. 2
2! 6
I. 2
3
SW. I
SW. 3
SW. 3
s. I
nw.
3
SW. 2
SW. 2
SW. 2
SW. 2
SW. 2
2-3
I.O
4
SW. 3
SW. 3
SW. 3
SW. 2
w.
2
w. 3
«•• 3
SW. 3
SW. 4
nw. ;
2.8
' • .>
5
S. 2
s. 2
SW. 2
SW. I
SW.
2
SW. 2
SW. 2
sw. 3
s«. 3
SW. "1
4-7
2 I
6
s- 3
se. 12
se. IS
nw. 9
w.
3
nv.'. 2
nw. 2
se. J
nw. 2
w. 3
4.0
l.S
7
SW. 2
sw. 2
SW. 2
SW. 2
SW.
2
SW. 3
SW. I
SW. 2
SW. I
SW. 3
2.0
0.9
8
S. 2
s. 2
w. 2
SW. 2
SW.
2
SW. I
SW. 2
SW 2
sw. I
SW. 2
^•3
, 1.0
9
s. 3
s- 3
SW. 3
SW. 2
SW.
3
SW. 2
SW. I
SW. 3
.SW. 2
SW. I
2.6
1.2
10
s. 3
s. 2
SW. 2
SW. 3
SW.
2
W. 2
W. 2
SW. I
SW. I
SW. 2
2-3
1.0
II
s. 6
s. 9
se. 3
s. 4
s.
13
s. 13
s- 5
w. 3
S. 2
nw. I
3-3
'■5
12
SW, 2
SW. 4
SW. 3
SW. 4
nw.
2
SW. 3
nw. 2
nw. I
SW, I
nw. I
2.2
1.0
«3
SW. 2
SW. 3
sw. 3
SW. 4
w.
2
nw. 2
SW. I
SW. 2
0 0
SW. 2
2 1
0.9
14
SW. 3
SW. I
SW I
s. 4
s.
4
SW. 4
■'^- 3
s. 2
e. 2
e. 4
23
1.0
'5
SW. 8
s. 10
s. 1 1
SW. 1 2
se.
5
s. 9
s. 9
9
.se, S
se. 6
5.2
2.3
16
nw. 5
s. 3
SW. 2
SW. 2
SW.
I
SW. 2
SW. 2
SW. I
SW. I
SW. I
4.8
2. I
17
s- 3
SW. 8
s- s
SW. 5
SW.
6
SW. 8
se. 9
se. 8
se. 10
SW. 6
4.2
1.9
18
SW. 3
SW. 3
SW, 2
SW. 2
SW.
I
SW. 1
w. I
W. 2
SW. I
W. I
35
1.6
•9
ne. 34
lie. 34
ne. 26
s. 19
SW.
8
w. 4
w. 7
W. 2
w. 2
w. 3
11.0
4.9
20
nw. 2
nw. I
w. 2
W. 2
w.
I
W. 2
W. 2
W. 2
w. 3
W. 2
1.8
0.8
21
SW. 8
w. 7
w. 3
nw. 2
w.
4
W. 2
nw. 4
W. I
SW. 4
s. 4
S-f'
2.5
22
JW. I
SW. I
SW. I
SW. 1
0
0
S. I
S. I
S. I
sw. I
0 0
I. I
O'S
23
jiw. 3
SW. 2
^- 3
sw. 6
SW.
2
SW. 2
SW. 2
SW. I
SW. I
SW. 2
1.8
0.8
24
w. 3
w. 2
w. 3
SW. 3
SW.
S
SW. 5
SW. 5
SW. S
SW. S
SW. 4
6.4
2.9
25
0 0
SW. I
SW. 2
SW. 2
SW.
2
SW. 2
e. 2
e. II
e. 17
e. 17
3-«
1.4
26
nw. I
SW, 2
S. 2
S. 2
S.
4
S. 2
s. 2
S. I
s. 2
s. 2
7.8
.1-5
27
SW. 2
SW. 2
S. 2
S. 2
5.
4
S. I
s. 4
nw. 4
nw. 2
w. I
2.S
1. 1
28
SW. 3
nw. 4
nw. 5
nw. 3
nw.
4
nw. 4
nw. 3
se. 6
se. 13
sc. II
3-5
1.6
29
SW. 6
nw. 5
SW. 3
s. 4
SW.
6
s. 12
s. 17
SW. S
nw. 4
nw. 5
8.6
.-5.8
30
se. 7
se. 4
S. II
SW. 8
s.
8
s. 17
s. 18
.se. 7
se. S
se. 9
7-9
3-5
3«
4-2
1.9
4.6
'2.1
4.2
1.9
3-«
1-7
'?.'!
3-8
1-7
39
1-7
3-2
1.4
3-'*
1
3.5
1.6
3.«4
1-7
I.
S
• ■7
H. Mis. 393, pt 2-
-20
I
306
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
WIND.
The direction and velocity of the wind at Fort Conger was observed and recorded hourly. The direction was noted only
to eiglit points of the comi)ass, and is in all cases true. The velocity is given in miles per hour, having been recorded in rriiles
actually blown in each hour, as shown by a Robinson anemometer and registered by an electro-circuit, as is customary at
Signal Service stations.
'I'he velocity of the wind was measured by a Robinson anemometer, which was situated 31 feet [9.4"'] above the ground,
and 50 feet [15'"] above the sea, where it was exposed to the full force of all winds.
The large wind vane, 50 feet [15'") above the ground, and 71 feet [z2"'J above the sea, although carefully mounted, was
occasionally so interfered with by frosf work, that the vane did not swing with very light winds, consecjuently the electrical
record of directions was not always reliable, and was never used. The observer noted the direction, not only of the large
vane, but also of a light vane, wliich, 10 feet [3'"] above the ground and 60 feet fig'"] above the sea, was situated near the
instrumen*: shelter, and at some distance from the house. The two vanes generally accorded, but in difference the direction
was determined by the light vane.
The country, as will be observed from the accompanyinfi; map, is particularly open from S. to WSW., and moderately so
due E. of the station. In other directions the land rises to an elevation of 1,500 t'' 1,800 feet [450 to 550'"] within i or 2
miles of the station.
The configuration of the fiords, valleys, and straits adjacent to Fort Conger is frequently such that the wind blows, as a
rule, only from two quarters, up and down, rarely transversely, or quartering, consequently no very great stress can be laid
upon either direction or velocity of these observations. It was often noted that a strong NNE. or SSW. wind blew up or
down Robeson Channel, while light winds from different quarters were experienced at the station.
The mean hourly velocity of the wind for two years, 1881-83, was 2.64 miles per hour [1.2'" per secondj. It is quite
evident thai this represents only the movement at Fort Conger, and is far below the velocity in many places. Whether it
fairly represents the average movement for the entire country it is impossible to say, but it does not seem probable.
Appreciating the local character cf the winds an attempt was made to supplement the station record by other observations.
On October 9, 1 881, an anemometer was placed on the summit of Bellot Island, 2 miles SSW. of the station, at an elevation
of 1,533 feet [467'"] above the sea.
The regular dials read to 990 miles, but a supplementary dial was made and attached, which enabled readings to 99,800
miles. This anemometer was blown down and badly broken by the violent gale of January 1 6, 1882, so that only three month's
readings are available for comparison.
On March 7, 1882, a Robinson anemometer was exposed on the summit of Dutch Island, a mile and a half south of the
station. The instrument was about 25 feet [7.6'"] above the sea, where the exposure was perfectly free from all quarters
except NNE., where tiie ground rose about 1,600 feet [500"'] in a distance of half a mile, but the configuration of the highland
is such that it is probable but little wind either from N. or NE. failed to reach Dutch Island.
This instrument was visited almost daily for fourteen months, except i- ugust, 1882, and its readings in detailed comparison
with those of the Port Conger anemometer are to be found under miscellaneous observations.
As severe storms at times prevented daily visits, it has been necessary to occasionally interpolate 990 miles, or one complete
revolution of the inner dial, to complete the record. Generally the necessity of this interpolation is self-evident, but occasionally
it depeni'ed on judgment which was based on other know'ciige as to light winds in Robeson Channel while light winds prevailed
at the stati^'n. The tendency in interpolating has been toward reducing rather than toward overestimating the amount of
wind at Dutch Island, as is shown by the excess of wind at Dutch Island over Fort Conger, being 25 per cent, greater during
periods when there were no interpolations than when interpolations were made.
The niterpolations in all cases are designated in the detailed record.
In the si)ring of 1883 a Robinson anemometer was also placed on the summit of Cairn Hill, about 1,600 feet [500"]
above the level of the sea, which was read occasionally.
These readings, as well as the last readings at Dutch Island, were left at Fort Conger, as the detailed record was too
bulky for our limited transportation, and time failed in which to copy them as was done with important observations. As
seventeen months' records had been copied, the loss is immaterial.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
The following table gives, by months, the results of these observations:
Tau. " CXXIX. — Comparative wind velocities recorded.
307
Time.
Oct. 9 to Oct. 31, 1881.
Oct. 31 to Dec 1, 1881.
Dec. I to Jan. 3, 1882.
Total
Mar. 7, to Mar. 31, 1882.
Apr., 1882
May, 1882.. -
June, 1882
July, 1882
Aug., i882_
Sept., 1882 .
Oct., 1882
Nov., 1882
Dec, 1882
Jan., 1883 -_,
Feb., 1883
Mar., 1883
Apr., 1883
Total
Fort Conger .
...do
.do.
Fort Conger .
....do
.do.
.do.
-do.
.do.
-do.
.do.
-do.
..do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
-do.
Miles recorded at
862
>.o7S
598
2.S3S
482
2,275
2.3'3
3,826
4,091
3.831
2,929
2.577
744
66 1
323
282
«.7(i3
I. 192
27. 289
liellot Islanil
...do.. ,
....do..
Dutch Island.
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do..
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
2, 168
4.403
I, 201
7.772
2,263
4.935
4.905
7.643
8.128
7 'iSS
5./76
5.589
1,665
».494
1,086
1. 150
3.f^99
1,664
57,082
\%
1
comparison
From these observations it ai)pears that the wind on the summits of the highlands of Grinnell Land, which average nearly
as high as the summit of Bellot Island, is 3. i greater than at the level of the sea in a comparatively sheltered spot like
Conger. It also appears that the velocity at an exposed spot, such as Dutch Island, is 2.1 greater than at Conger.
The mean velocity at the three stations is 2.05 greater than at Conger, substantially that of Dutch Island, so that the
values given for Conger should be doubled to correct for local influences. Such correction has in no case been applied.
The mean velocity, October 9, 1881, to January 3, 1882, on the summit of Bellot Island, was 3.7 miles per hour [1.7'" per
second], which covers three comparatively calm months.
The hourly velocity of Dutch Island, from fourteen months' observation, is entitled to great weight. Its mean is 5.7 miles
per hour [2.5'" per second], ranging from ii miles [4.9'" per .second] in July to 1.5 miles [0.7'" per second] in January.
During the absence of the sun calms prevailed at the station on an average seventeen hours daily, while, during the
continual sunlight, wind from some quarter was experienced twenty-three hours daily.
February was the month of least wind, 334 miles, against 4,032 miles in June, the windiest month at the station, although
it was slighdy exceeded at Dutch Island in July.
South winds had the highest velocity, 5.6 miles per hour [2.5"' per second], and west winds the least, 2.7 miles per hour
[1.2™ per second].
The following is a table of winds exceeding 20 miles per hour [8.9'" per second], and also the highest wind each month at
Fort Conger, from August 11, 1881, to August 9, 1883:
'lift'
il
m\
308
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Taiu.e CXXX. — High winds at Fort Con j^er from August, 1881, to yuly, inclusive, 1883.
^ = +81° 44' X.=; — 64°4S'=- — 4" 19"'
!t J
Kegistered velocity iliir- \elocity determined from
I inj; I hour. reciird of 15 minutes.
Date.
Time.
Direc-
tion.
Miles .Meters
l88t.
August II
August 27
September! o
September 1 2...
October
November
December
1882.
January 16
January 23
February
March 30
April 8 .
April 23
April 25
May 8..
May 30
June 20
June 28
June 29
July?
July 28
August 9
August 19
September 6 . . .
September 23. \
October i
October 3
October 21
November 15 ..
December 30. ..
1883.
January
February
MaichS
March 15
April
May 14
May 28
May 30 .|
May3l
June I
June7
June9
June 18
June 24
June 29
July 20
July 27
August I
|.cr
hoir.
per
second.
SW.
9 a. m
2 a. m
2.30 p. m NE.
2 p. m. SE.
N.
SW.
30
21
13- 4
9-4
Miles
Time. per
I hour.
I. 35 p.m.
36
Meters
per
second.
16.
9. 15p.m.
2 a. m ...
8 p. m . .
10 p. m,
loa. m.
5 a. m..
7 a. m..
4 a. m
I a. m
3 a. m 1
5? m.'
7 a. ni . .
lop. ir . . .
12m
I I a. m _ .
4 and 5 a. m '
1 1 p. m J
1 and 2 a. m .
3 a. m
3 a. m
2 p. ni .
Sp.m ....
57
29
SK.
E.
S.
E.
E.
E.
S.
SE.
S.
SE.
SE.
E.
S
N
SW.
E.
NE.
E.
SE.
NE.
25- 5
13.0
20
21
25
26
21
8.9
9.4
II. 2
II. 6
9-4
2.30 p. m.
1.30 p. m.
22
63
34
9 a. m..
I a. m.
;-::.},
II a. m.
2 a. m..
6a. m.
2 p.m.
loa. m
I p. m
12m
II a. m
8 p. m
lOa. m
10 a. m
3 to 4 p.m...
4a.m
6a. m
SW.
S
NE.
NE.
S.
S.
S.
NE.
NE.
NE.
NE.
NE.
E.
S.
241
28 I
21
20
20
28
3'
22
32
33
25
22
20
52
22
40
24
23
33
22
26
28
25
37
25
33
22
21
10.7
12.5
9-4
8.9
14.8
8.9
■2.5
«3-9
9.8
14- 3
14.8
II. 2
9.8
8.9
7.45 P- I"...
9.30 p. m...
9.50 a. m
4.15 a. m.__
2.4s a. m...
3i>.m
4 a. m
4 a. m
2.55 a. m...
5p.m
7 a. m
lop. m
10.30 p. m,_
10.30 p. m..
23.2
9.8
17.9
10. 7
10.3
14.8
9.8
II. 6
«2.S
II. 2
16. 5
11. 2
14.8
9.8
9.4
2.55 a. m_
5 a.m. . ..
1. 15 p. m.
II a. m
12.30 p. m.
12.4S p. m.
11.30 p. m.
9.30 a. m..
3.30 p.m..
24
24
28
28
20
20
26
26
27
21
36
22
32
34
32
37
28
24
28
24
24
27
29
42
"36
17.0
9.8
28.2
15.2
10. 7
10. 7
12.5
'2.5
8.9
8.9
II. 6
II. 6
12. I
9-4
16. 1
9.8
143
15.2
9.8
14-3
16.5
12.5
10.7
'2-5
10. 7
10. 7
12. 1
13.0
18.8
16.1
Remarks.
17 miles nc. iiour [7.61" per second] NE., at I a. m., 8th.
12 miles an hour [5.4'" per second] NK., at 2 a. m., 7th.
19 miles an hour [S.s'" per second] E., at 4 a. m., 24th.
SW. 8 miles jier hour [3.6"' per second] on the 17th.
22 miles an hour [9.8"' per second] S., at 1 1 p. m., 22d.
25 miles an hour [I i.2"> per second] .S., at 5 p. m., 23d.
20 miles an hour [8.9'" per second] S., at I p. m., 2gth,
and at II a. m., 30th.
E. 9 miles an hour [4.0"" per second] on 27th.
N. 13 miles an hour [5. 8"' per second] on 7th.
15 miles per '.our [6.7'" per second] SW., at 9 p.m., 20th.
The diurnal variations in velocity are small and probably accidental ; for if they are affected by the sun's position the
observations .ire not of sufficient period to show it.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
309
Table CXXXI. — Frequency and velocity of wiiuh at Fort Conger, 1881-1884.
^ -f8i°44' X= — 64°4S' = — 4h 19111
Direction.
August, 1881.
Times.
Miles.
N.
NE.
E.
SE.
S.
SW.
W.
NW.
Calm.
24>^
62>^
3«
120
23
25
74
49
197
97
286
9«
3'9
53
63
o
305*
1. 155
September, 1 881.
October, 1 88 1.
November, 1881. i December, 1881.
Times.
Miles.
Times. Miles. { Times.
107
»32;4
'75
41
24>i
30
S
24
181
734
5"
671
128>i
64^^
272
61
88
235
6
94
146
•05
2
7
5
8
37<
I
47 1
3'4 I
427 j
185 !
8
16 !
9l
33 I
406
•9
64
"5
12
9
5
6
'»
475
Miles.
76
245
35°
26
16
•5
22
33
• 243
Times.
10
25
68
6
2
Miles.
33
86
325
28
3
5
625
'3
16
93
720
2.765
744
«.445
720 I 1,026
744
597
January, 1882.
Times.
Miles.
6
25
S«
588
44
116
37
184
20
28
28
10
S83
118
744
1,117
I
February, 1882. March, 1882. I April, 1882.
Direction.
N.
NE. .
E.
SE.
S.
SW.
w.
NW.
Calm.
Times. Miles.
Times. Miles. I Times. Miles.
10
15
13
46
76
70
60
109
los
24
3"
30
4
II
29
4
18
8
I
I
5
8
II
10
'5
"3
474
672 I 385 744
34 !
«77 I
259 j
84
141
48
22 I
10 I
63 i
73
lOI
189
109 I
78 i
34
33 I
38
65 !
162
269
635
346
594
118
81
66
7
838 720 ; 2, 278
May, 1882.
Times. Miles.
100
"3
94 i
57
"39 i
57 j
77 !
7' I
36
252
407
688
255
598
166
112
1,10
"4
June, 1882. I July, 1882. i Total for i88i-'82.
Times. ■ Miles, i Times. 1 Miles. Times. Miles.
26
27
76
'j'n
204
149
78
56
6
69
126
675 I
899!
1,421
382
191
156'
o
8
8
55
97
«57
259
128
29
3
26
65
491
«.«53
897
629
356
'«5
o
393/2
761
678>i
683>^
678
37"
296
3.408
•', 522
j.061
4,843
:.6os'^
3.864>^
2,011
949
73'
1,282
744 I 2.61.!
720 I 3,919
744 3.732 8,421
21,869
Direction.
August, 1882. September, 1882. October, 1882. November, 1882. ' December, 1882.
Times.
Miles. Times.
Miles.
N.
NE.
E.
SE.
S.
SW.
W.
NW.
Cilni.
12
45
106
S7
124
184
81
482
74 i
190
'.493
65
182
1,029
96!
90
244
85
70
187
3>
50
158
3«
12
0
48
798
865
448
184
Ho
488
129
114 i
.-
Times.
Miles.
164
741
569
578
29
73
'3
24
'3
6
35
25
30
286
•37
0
Times. 1 Miles. Times.
26
39
147
53
33
2
I
I
I
'3'
"5
293 i
"3 I
61 !
6
I'
24
22
65
99 !
50 I
18
'Si
6 I
12
457
Miles.
104
160
162
108
67
26
7
32
I
January, 1883,
Times
Miles.
744
3.762
720
3.356
744
2, 182 I
720
745
744
667
744
316
Direction.
February, 1883. j March, 1883. | April, 1883.
Times. Miles. Times. Miles. ■ Times. Miles.
N.
NE.
E.
SE.
S.
SW.
W.
NW.
Calm.
I
7«
87
35
2
6
I
9
460
672
7
89
95
52
4
II
I
16
9
284
46
107
92
218
125
305
ISO
409
61
502
28
I20
22
42
32
80
188
I
744
1,784
39
'23
271 j
84
'7 j
10 i
28 i
•34 1
72
223
555
•42
42
60
•9
57
o
May, 1883.
Times. Miles
39
•56
186
80
59
62
26
59
77
720
1,170
744
126
873
528
310
486
374
90
130
o
June, 1883. ! July, 1883.
Times. Miles. ' Times. Miles.
2,9^7
20
75
29
42
•03
258
103
65
25
720
265
.073
216
301
877
843
342
229
o
1
2
i^
212
•9
256
55
427
182
772
323
85.
65
152
68
187
18
0
4, 146 i 744 2, 859
Total for i882-'83.
Times. Miles.
420
1,022
1.369
862
775
900
343
387
2,682
6,360
2,401
4.613
4,061
3.6jo
4.214
3.059
997
I. 142
SO
24, 187
hit
i
1 l* '
i
■' ''■!' HI
I
* From 15th three obsermtions missed.
Under calms are entered winds of unkn<mii directions.
310
THE LADY FttANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
:>• .,'
It is to be noticed, from Table CVII, that calms prevailed at over one-third of the observations. East winds were most
frequent, and these, combined with those from the NE. and SE., prevailed at one-third of the observations, or as often as all
the five other winds. Winds from the W. and NW, were the least frequent, though the exposure to the W. was particularly
good.
Table CXXXII. — Record of wind velocities at Fort Conner, \9,9,\-^%^.
^ -4-81° 44'
X - —64"' 45' :=; 4'' 19"'
Months.
iSai.
August
September . . .
October
i November...
:ce iber . . .
1
Number of hours during which there was recorded —
Months.
Number of hours during which there was recorded —
No
miles.
74
44
68
301
550
.•90
425
446
61
37
I mile.
82
169
346
205
lOI
«39
"79
k64
■04
••55
2 to 5,
inclusive.
6 to 10, II to 15,
inclusive, inclusive.
Above I
15 miles.
No
miles.
I mile.
2 to 5,
inch'sive,
6 to 10,
inclusive.
II to 15,
inclusive.
Above
15 miles.
193
357
291
176
64
70
60
89
370
319
386
437
37
99
28
3<3
10
20
8
3'
42
63
Xe
16
-.7
8
2
10
5
0
II
16
44
3
14
3
0
3
20
0
3
5S
l882-'83.
August
Septeml)er ..
October
November...
December...
January
February
March .
April
May
June
July
Sums
Percentages .
Grand means.
'i
286
394
456
544
45'
.87
"34
77
25
18
132
168
'59
198
'83
•43
ifT
171
286
258
124
138
369
329
•97
lOI
83
!l
335
281
271
466
Ill
86
42
17
II
3
I
26
16
58
70
61
82 38
47 42
23 37
S 6
1 1882.
January
February .
March
April
May
June
Ny
Sums
Percentages..
• 2 1 13
3 1
22 ; 58
7" ' 75
38 j 23
3 '05
82 79
2,632
2,142
2,877
504
3" 294
2,507 2,048 2,812
547 ; 3«9
188
•30
.24
•33
.06
.04
•03
•3" i -24 .33
1
.07 .04
i
.02
•30
• 24 -33
.06
.04
•03
The generally .'ight character of the winds is very marked, there being but 6 per centum above 10 miles an hour [4.5°
per second] and 87 [.er centum calm, or i to 5 miles r.n hour [0.4'" to 2.2"' per second].
t t
DIRECTION OF THE WIND.
The resultants for each of the two years show a remarkable accordance in direction and velocity, being S. 610.4 E., 7,594
miles, for the first year, and S. ()^''.^, E., 6,437 n^'les, for the second year. These are thus in accord with many other arctic
observaxions, as well as agreeing with the prevailing theory.
2
38
7
1 42
3
37
8
2
S
6
2
«3
3
2
58
I
75
8
■»3
I
?94
•03
•03
—
3
'i;
lit
iliifi
cn2
TFIK LADY FKANKLIX HAY EXPEDITION.
Taiii.k ( IXX.XI 1 1. — Monthly ami hourly wind rtsiillant.< tit Fort Conger,
Wasliington mean tiiiii'. Reduce to loc.il mean lime liy adding 49'"
Anemometer aliove ground, .jl feet [9.4 mcteri>].
^ = -j- 81" 44' Xr^^ — 64° 45' -— 4'' 19'"
Time.
Aligns
1
I, 1881. Scptenilier,
1
1881.
Octobt
r, I
E.
881.
J
ifoveml
69- S
)er,
1;.
1881.
37-2
I
S.
December,
1881. January, I
38a.
I a. Ill
S. 67,0
K.
32- 5 1 N.
35-3 ••■•
50.4 N. 51.4
38.1 N.
87. 5 E.
t
15. 9 j N. 56, 8 E.
32.4
2 a. m
N. 89. 2
v..
15. ol N.
42. I E.
41.8 N. 39.6
v..
37. 8 : N.
76.2
E.
36.8
N.
66.3 E.
19.4' N. 45. 0 E.
27.0
3 a. m .
S. 16.7
\V.
12.2 N.
48.9 E.
39. 3 N. 46. 5
v..
42.2 N.
66.4
E.
33-0
S.
88.2 E.
21.9; N. 55. 5 E.
26.3
4 a. m ..
N. 40. 6
E.
13.0 N.
32.0 E.
56. 7 N. 69. 9
v..
30.2 N.
63.8
E.
37-2
N.
76.9 E.
29-5 I >'- 45-0 E.
13.0
5 a. m
N. 80.7
E.
13.6 N.
29.4 E.
91.8 S. 87.0
v..
29. 2 N.
69. 2
E.
3i-o
N.
88. I E.
20. 7 ] N. 8. 6 E.
9.1
6 a. in
S. 72.6
W.
6.7 N.
344 K.
85.3 N. 88.4
E.
22.2 N.
74.6
E.
28.3
N.
84.6 E.
22. 2 N. ^i. 7 E.
7-2
7 a. m
.S. 24.7
W.
22.0 N.
440 E.
76.7 ,S. 84.7
E.
23.7 N.
66.9
E.
32.6
N.
90.0 E.
24. 0 S. 45. 0 W,
3-0
8 a. m ..
.S. 81.9
W.
12.7 N.
30.9 E.
58.6 .S. 76.9
E.
25.2 N.
67.4
I"..
34-9
N.
77-4 E.
23-^,8. 56.3 E.
5.0
9 a. m
S. 52.8
W.
}. 1 N.
ii.o E.
69.5 S. 84.1
E.
28.3 N.
26.6
E.
8.9
N.
45.0 E.
9.0 .S. 73.3 E.
8.4
10 a. ni
N. 90. 0
E.
2.8 N.
21. 1 E.
70. 6 N. S8. 7
E.
31.7 N.
61.8
E.
22.5
N.
62. I E.
17.3 S. 50.2 E.
10.9
II a. in
S. 23.4
W.
14.6, N.
36.9 E.
39.3 S. 82.2
E.
42. 5 N.
87.8
E.
18.4
N.
33-7 E.
7. 9 : S. 8. 6 VV.
7.2
Noon _,-__,,...
S. W.-i
W.
7. 7 IN.
16.8 N.
41.3 1:.
35-3 K-
41.7 S. 84.0
13.5 N. 81.4
E.
40. 4 N.
25. 5 N.
66.8
E.
9.1
14.9
N.
76.4 E.
65.8 E.
14.9 1 N. 58.6 E.
12. ol N. 56.1 E.
38.0
57.0
1 p. m
.S. 19.5
E.
E.
36.2
E.
N.
2 p. m
.S. 41.0
E.
22.3 N.
80.3 E.
32.6 N. 78.0
E.
13.5 N.
47-4
E.
16.6
N.
77-7 E.
13, I 1 N. 69. 8 E.
72.8
i\>- 1"
.S. 6. 6
W.
330 N.
74.4 E.
42. 9 N. 84. 9
E.
32.8 N.
51.6
E.
12.4
N.
90. 0 E.
22. 0 N. 67. 3 E.
75-2
4P- m
S. 19.0
W.
23.9 N.
79.4 E.
53- « N. 82.8
E.
iy 3 N.
33- 9
E.
14.7
S.
60.7 E.
13. I N. 76.6 E.
50-7
5 P- m - -
.S. 14.7
W.
17.4 s.
83.2 E.
61.4 N. 89.0
E.
41.5 N.
57. «
E.
18.2
N.
88.7 E.
30.3 N. 73-6 E.
50.2
6 p. Ill
S. 23.7
E.
14.4 N.
535 y-
46. 8 N. 88. 6
E.
32.8 N.
54-8
E.
17.4
N.
78.7 E.
25.5 N. 73.8 E.
53-4
7 p. 1"
S. 9.2
W.
a- 1 N.
57.7 E-
41. 9 .\. 62.0
E.
28.5 N.
79-9
E.
24- s
N.
86.2 E.
15.0 N. 83.3 E.
42.0
8 p. m _
S. 7.9
W.
II. 0 N.
45.9 1:.
25.6 N. 81.3
E.
42.3 N.
57.0
E.
'2-3
N.
66. I E.
8.6 S. 84.8 E.
•9-9
9P- "1
S, 42.4
E.
15.7 .\.
44.5 J'-'
3^.9 N. 81.8
E.
29.5 N.
88.2
E.
26.0
N.
29. I E.
10. 3 N. 58. 0 E.
25- •
10 p. m
S. 55. 8
E,
.7.3 N.
52.5 ]•:.
38.8 N. 59.2
E.
34.0 N.
48.4
E.
16.9
N.
20.8 E.
12.4 N. 38.6 E.
25.2
II p. m _.
S. 39. I
E.
46.6 N.
52.7 E.
64. 6 N. 79. I
E.
41.3 N.
67-6
E.
24. 6
N.
72. 0 E.
14.3 N. "51. I E.
29-3
Midnight
.S. 68.3
E.
25,7 N.
50.1 E.
42.9 N. 81.2
E.
41.0 N.
61. I
E.
30. 0
N.
90. 0 E.
8.0 1 N. 51.8 E.
25.2
S. 22. 0
E.
3oii.4|N-
44.9 E.
143. 7 N. 79. I
E.
749.8 N.
64.9
E.
Si(>-i
N.
77.8 E.
390.0 N. 65.4 E.
667.6
Time.
.\ugust, It
.S. 32.7 E.
1
82. September,
1882.
57-9
October, i
882. November,
1882.
December,
1882.
January, 1883.
I a. m
90. 5 N.
49.6 E.
N. 56. 6
E.
105.4 N.
63.1
E.
14. 1
S.
74.3 E.
6. 6 S. 67. 6 E.
3-7
2 a. m
S. 42. 0
E.
1 15.0 N.
37-7 E.
57. 9 N. 60. 6
E.
102. 6 1 N.
55-2
E.
16.8
N.
35- 7 E.
7.0 .S. 41.6 E.
7.2
,? a. m
S. 37-7
E.
120.9 N-
63.5 E.
42.8
N. 67. 6
E.
93.9 N.
52.0
E.
19.8
N.
l6.s E.
9. 2 1 S. 67. 3 E.
6.0
4 a. m ...
S. 27.2
E.
82.9 N.
60.7 E.
53-9
N. 54.4
E.
no. 5 N.
57.8
E.
16. 0
N.
75.6 E.
12.5 S. 72.4 E.
4-3
S a. m
.S. 40.5
E.
112.6 N.
SI. 6 E.
59.2
N. 21.0
E.
81.7 N.
68.0
E.
22.4
N.
42.0 E.
I3.6;N. 81.9 E.
9.9
6 a. m
S. 31.0
E.
116. 2 N.
45-0 E.
72.0
N. 12.9
E.
79. 1 ; N.
63-4
E.
19.2
N.
81. I E.
18. 7 , N. 90. 0 E.
7.6
7 a. m
s. 30.3
E.
121. 4 N.
42. 2 E.
S3-0
N. 44.8
E.
75.8 N.
S3- 8
E.
•7-5
S.
31.7 E.
14. I
N. 81.9 E.
2.8
Sa. m
.S. 29. 0
E.
140.7 N.
31.2 E.
52.9
N. 29.9
E.
67. S N.
43-6
E.
23-9
N.
45.6 E.
•4-3
N. 90.0 E.
7.2
9 a. m ...
.S. 28. 3
K.
1 18. 8 N.
39.8 E.
37-2
N. 26. 8
E.
60. 0 S.
64.6
E.
22.8
N.
38.8 E.
9-^
S. 83.4 E.
6.1
10 a. m .
S. 27. I
E.
1 19. 9 N.
7.1 E.
34- I
N. 28. 9
E.
62.7 s.
82.5
E.
'5-3
S.
74.9 E.
II. 9
N. 80. 2 E.
5-9
II a. m .
S. 21. I
E.
122.7 N.
8.6 E.
34-8
N. 33.3
E.
64. 3 1 N.
84.8
E.
23-2
S.
74.7 E.
23- 9 ! N. 79. 3 E.
18.8
Noon
S. 12.3
E.
137-5 N.
20.1 E.
44.0
N. 25.5
E.
56. 7 S.
87.5
E.
3<-7
s.
83-9 E.
18.7: N. 86.8 E.
12.7
I p. m .
S. 10. 3
E.
105.3 N.
29.7 E.
('i-i
N. 55- 0
E.
47. 7 1 S-
66.8
E.
22.8
s.
81.5 E.
23. 9 ! N. 86. 5 E.
II. 5
2 p. in
S. 10. I
E.
81.8 N.
67.3 E.
32- 4
N. 56.5
E.
44. 7 i S.
72.6
E.
43- •
s.
75-2 E.
25.0, N. 70.0 E.
9.0
3 P- »>
S. 1,6
E.
92. 6 N.
9.1 E.
17. I
N. 63. 6
E.
34. 6 ; s.
73-8
E.
17.6
N.
77.6 E.
29.4 1 N. 77.0 E.
18.7
4 p. m
S. 13.7
E.
91.7 N.
58.8 E.
30-9
N- 53- 7
E.
44. I 1 s.
82.4
E.
•5-1
N.
70.9 E.
15.6! N. 71.6 E.
19.0
5 P- "1 ---
S- 43-3
E.
75.6 N.
59.6 E.
57.9
N. 50. 2
E.
29. 4 1 s.
85.4
E.
12.4
N.
63.2 E.
26. 8 I N. 69. 3 E.
16. 1
6 p. m _.
S. 56.0
E.
86. 0 N.
45' S E.
33-9
N. 24. 8
E.
40. 2 ! S.
76.8
E.
14.0
N.
21.6 E.
19. 3 'n. 87.7 E.
•2.5
7 p. '" -
S. 32.0
E.
69.7 N.
6.9 W.
19.2
N- 43- 5
E.
43-9 -S.
86.2
E.
25.8
N.
43-6 E.
17.0 N, 83. 9 E.
18.9
8 p. m
S. M. 8
E.
74.4 N.
79.5 N.
11.3 w
17.3 i:-.
16.3
16. 4
N. 19. 5
N. 16.8
E.
58. 98.
59- 2 ! S.
88.2
E.
21.7
•7-4
N.
30.4 E.
87.6 E.
14.0 N. 73.6 E.
4.8 S. 81.9 E.
12. 4
9P. m
S. 41.6
E.
E.
85.0
E.
S.
9.9
10 p. m
,S. 44.7
E.
72.8 N.
10.8 E.
22.4
N. 23. 2
E.
5'-3^.
68.6
E.
25-5
s.
59.8 E.
16. I N. 80.0 E.
8.6
1 1 p. m
.S. 40.9
E.
75.2 N.
53.6 E.
37-8
N. 4-2
E.
Si.o N.
5.M
E.
16. 1
s.
50.3 E.
9.2 N. 81.2 E.
7.2
Midnight
S- 43-4
E.
75-7 N-
86.3 E.
73-7
N. II. I
E.
61.4
N.
36.8
E.
•9-9
N.
32.6 E.
13.2 N. 63.4 E.
2. 2
S. 29.8
E.2
320.2 N.
42. S E.
934. 2 : V. 37. 8
1
E.
1443-3
N.
81.4
E.
453-2
N.
76.1 E
312.6 N. 84.6 E.
i
233.4
TUK LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
313
y.i
38a.
K.
32- 4
E.
27.0
E.
36.3
E.
130
E.
9'
E.
7' 2
W.
30
E.
5.0
E.
8.4
E.
10.9
W.
7.»
E.
38.0
E.
57-0
E.
72.8
E.
75.2
E.
50-7
E.
SO. 2
E.
S3- 4
E.
42.0
E.
19.9
E.
25.1
E.
25.2
E.
29-3
E.
25.2
E.
667.6
3-7
7-2
6.0
4-3
-9
.6
.8
, 2
I
S-9
18.8
12.7
II. S
9.0
18.7
19.0
16. 1
12. s
18.9
12.4
9-9
8.6
7-2
2. 2
'- 233- 4
Table CXXXlll.—Monf/ify and hourly wtnJ multnuts <it Fort Conger, iSSi-'Sj.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean liniv liy nddinc 49'"
Anemometer above ground, 31 feet [9.4 meters].
^ = + «l» 44' A ^ - 64° 45' -^ - 4"' 19"
Kebniary, 188a.
March, 1882.
•
AprU, 1882.
May, 1882.
N. 60. 4 E. 45- 9
S.
June, 1882.
July, 1882.
Ycarl>
Time.
I a. ni.
N. 30. 3 E. 5. 6 N. S2- 9 E.
27.7
S. 61. a E.
57- 7
21.9 E.
84- 3 S.
38.0 E.
79-5
S.
83. J E.
360.8
S. 26. 6 VV. 4. 5 N. 65. 6 K.
10. 4 S. 37.7 E.
50. 3 N- 55- 3 E.
60. 2:S.
23. 2 E.
67. 2 S.
17.'' E.
90.8
s.
78. 7 E.
292.8
2 a. m.
S. 68.6 E. 4. 9.S. 51.9 v..
15. 2 S. 28.6 E.
43. 6 S. 77.4 E.
45-7[S-
32- 3 E-
79. o|s.
27.3 E.
8.?. 7
s.
()(>. 0 E.
321. I
3 a. m.
N. 65. 7 E. 6. 8 S. 45. 0 K.
4. 2;S, 24. 4 E.
53- 4 N- 72-3 E.
43- 2!s.
40.3 E.
93- 4 -S.
13-3 E.
72.1
s.
7.1- 8 E.
290.3
4 a. m.
N. 69.8 K. 10. IS. 61.7 1-:.
37. S S. 63. 8 E.
46. 2N. 51.4 E.
54- 5 S.
38. 7 E.
75. 6 S.
II), () E,
103. 2
s.
81.0 E.
354-8
5 a. m.
N. 79-3 E. 11.3 s- 80.8 K.
32. 4 S. 64. 6 E.
SO. 4 N- 72- 7 E.
37- 7 S.
21.2 E.
77- 6S.
16. 5 E-
118. 2
s.
6,S.6 E.
323 I
6 a. m.
S. 76. 0 E. 2. 5 S. 72. 8 E.
N. 80. 5 E. 4. 2 S. 78. 0 E.
20. 0 N. 88. 0 E.
48. s S. 56. I E.
43- 4 S.
24.4 E.
79. 2'S.
'4-5 E.
104.4
s.
Uy.] E.
331- 5
7 a. m.
23-6
N. 77.9 E.
3i.(i,S. 28.7 E.
38- 9 V
19.7 E.
69. 8 S.
0.6 W.
102. 5
s.
5^- 9 E.
262. 5
8 a. m.
S. 78.7 E. 10. 7 S. 41. I E.
23. 0
S. 82.4 E.
S0.3S. 13.9 E.
27. 1 S.
9. 0 I'"..
85. i;.s.
8.6 E.
79 3
s.
51.8 E,
Hi. (>
9 a. m.
N. 77.7 E. 6.6S. 62.7 E.
23-3
S. 26. 8 E.
43.5,S. 69.3 E.
28. 9 s.
8. 5 v..
m.SS.
6.2 E.
116.4
s.
44.8 E.
280.4
10 a. m.
N. 8s 4 E. 8. 7!S. 54- 9 E.
18.1
S. 35.6 E.
3'- '
.S. 0.9 E.
a- ijs-
10. 1 E.
>'5-3:S-
8.S E.
•03 4
s,
30.4 E.
3'4 4
1 1 a. m.
N. 66. 0 E. 7. 9
N. 75-4 E.
•2-5
S. II. 0 W.
6-3
S. 21.0 E.
47- 4 s.
3- 8 E.
1 1 2. 0 S.
25-7 E.
103.0
s.
46. 2 E.
290. 0
Noon.
N. 72. 4 E. 9. 2
N. 68. 8 E.
24.6IS. 77.9 E.
16. 7 S. 9.0 E.
35- 3 >-
15. 0 E.
127. 9,S.
1.4 W.
85. 3
s.
45-4 E.
266. 8
1 p. III.
N. 90. 0 E. 7. 0
N. 79- 3 E.
18. 8 S. 36.8 E.
34- 9 S- 43-3 E.
28. 7 s.
27. 0 K.
122. 7jS.
J- 7 I'"
87. 0
s.
St 1 E.
35" 2
2 p. m.
N. 65.9 E. s. I
.S. 84.6 E.
13. 8. S. 25.9 E.
34. I S. 42. 0 E.
40. 4 s.
18.3 E.
117.4S.
2 .5 W.
71.. 8
s.
49. 2 E.
350-7
3 1'- m.
S. 86.3 E. 10. 7 N. 46.3 E.
12. 7.S. 36. 0 E.
4l.8!s. 39.4 E.
77- 3 S.
23. 8 E.
112. 8, S.
30. 6 E.
83.8
s.
52-5 E.
4>3-2
4 p. m.
N. 90.0 E. S-SlS. 35.7 E.
7.9.S. 41.3 E.
32.6JS. 24.0 E.
37- (-i-S-
13.4 E.
100. 8 S.
17.8 E.
92.0
s.
49.4 E.
383- 1
5 p.m.
N. 65.4 E. ii.8|s. 78. S E.
10. SS. 51.3 E.
36. 3 S. 56. 1 E.
43- 4iS-
27-7 E.
105. 7 S.
2.8 E.
85-7
s.
59. .- E.
347-8
6 p. m.
N. 71. 9 E. 10.9
S. 51.2 E.
9. 2S. 52. 2 E.
?8. 6|S. 72.6 E.
27. iiS.
21.3 E.
10.S. 9IS.
8.9 E.
110.7
s.
49.0 E.
353-4
7 p. m.
N. 70. 7 E. 8. 2
S. 60. 2 E.
26. 5 S. 70. 2 E.
55- 8
■S. 81.0 E.
58.4IS-
29.6 E.
86. 8 S.
1.5 E.
87-3
s.
57-6 E.
335- 2
8 p. ni.
N. 8s. 0 E. 10. 3 S. 65.5 E.
15. oS. 65.4 E.
62.8
.S. 80.0 E.
76. 8 S.
13. 8 E.
58-4,S.
19.6 E.
42.6
s
71.4 E.
3'7-7
9 p. m.
N. 46. 3 E. 6. 1 S. 54- 3 E.
15. 8N. 84.0 E.
86. I
N. 79 1 f:.
41. 2 S.
38.9 E.
89. 6 S.
24.8 E.
76.2
s.
81.7 E.
341-2
10 p. m.
N. 74.9E. 6.SN. 45-4E.
18. 5 S. 51.7 E.
72.8
N. 85.2 E.
52. 8:.s.
28.2 E.
100. 6S.
32. 0 E.
45-3
s.
73-6 E.
388.4
1 1 \i. m.
S. 62. 4 E. 4. 7
N. 81. 1 E.
i4-9|i>- 74-7 E.
55- 0
N. 71.2 E.
78. 8 S.
29. 8 E.
70. 6's.
3-5 E.
69,8
1058.0
s.
.s.
79. 0 E. 344- 0
61.42E.7593.6
Yi-arly.
81.5 E. 312.8
Midnight.
N. 79.3 E. 166.0
S. 79.9 E.
386. sjs. 64.0 E.i
033-5
S. 72.4 E.
875. ss-
21.9 E.2218. 6S.
13.3 E.a
February, 1883. March, 1883.
April, 1883.
May, 1883.
S.
June, 1883.
20. 3 W. 39. I S.
July, 1883.
lime.
I a. m.
N. 87.0 E. 13.3 S. 32.4 E.
29-5
N. 77.0 E.
42.7
N. 64.4 E.
91.4
22. 5 W.
63-4
S. 80. 8 E. 8
7
S. 81.0 E.
•3-5
S. 84. 3 E.
36.8
N. 68. 6 E.
82. 4,S.
2. 6 W.
35- 4 S-
7. 7 E.
55 '
s.
82.0 E.
374-6
2 a. m.
N. 42. 7 E. 10
S
N. 84. 2 E.
19.7
S. 83. 6 E.
38.3
S. 71.4 E.
67. lis.
72. 9 W.
8. 2S.
14.3 v..
73-9
s.
72. 7 E.
379-9
3 a. m.
N. 90. 0 E. 5
4
N. 88. 7 E.
18.2
S. 79.0 E.
49-6
S. 56. 7 E.
50- 3'N-
52. 8 W.
24. 8 S.
2.0 1:.
63.0
s.
79- 2 E.
305.8
4 a. m.
N. 74. 4 E. 7
8 S. 64. 3 E.
21.0
N. 66. 9 E.
21.6
S. 76.4 E.
39- 9y>-
52.2 W.
45- 2 •'^-
II. 7 E.
50.6
s.
80.9 E.
252-5
5 a. m.
S. 61.7 E. 4
4
S. 85.6 E.
21.0
.S. 77. 6 E.
ig. I
S. 82.4 E.
33- 8,S.
79. 6 E.
38. 4!.S.
15.7 E-
44-5
s.
85. 4 E.
264. 2
6 a. m.
N. 58.8 E. 13
7
S. 57. 0 E.
3'- 4
.S. 84. 8 E.
25.4
S- 57- 5 E.
47- 8 S.
38. 7 E.
26. 9jS.
14. 5 W-
60. 4
s.
65. 6 E.
3>7-6
7 a. m.
N. 45- 0 E. S
0
S. 32.0 E.
50.2
N. 73. 6 E.
26.3
S. 29.5 E.
42. 4 s.
81.5 E.
19. o;S.
20.7 W.
82.1
s.
58.6 E.
270.4
8 a. m.
N. 69. I E. s
9
S. 0. I W
52.7|N. 71.4 E.
23-2
S- 53-9 E.
62. iS.
45 8 E.
40. 38.
0. 8 W.
64.5
s.
51.4 E.
304.0
9 a. m.
N. 70. 4 E. 6
3
S. 28.4 E.
65. 7 N. 66. 6 E.
25-4
S. 63.0 E.
56.7'S-
83- 3 E.
65- 5 S-
6.6 E.
61.0
s.
61.5 E.
339-9
10 a. m.
S. 67.0 E. 7
2
s. ie.i E.
54. o!n. 86. 6 E.
•5-3
N. 84. 8 E.
56. 8,N
82.9 E.
i2.9;S.
6. 3 1-:.
58.2
s.
56.1 E.
305-2
II a. m.
N. 82. 2 E, s
2
S. 33-6 E.
5i.s|X. 84. 9 E.
24.9
N. 84. 4 E.
49- o,S.
24. 2 E.
38- 3l-S-
20. 0 E.
72.6
s.
56.9 E.
333-4
Noon.
S. 76.4 E. II
9
S. 29. 2 E.
52. 5 N. 62.9 E.
20. 2
S. 64. 4 E.
60. 6,S.
17. I W.
46. 6,S.
2.4 E.
62.1
s.
49.6 E.
301-7
I p. m.
S. 61.7 E. 5
9
S. 32. 2 E.
49.0IN. 6 1.8 E.
19. 1
S. 18.8 E.
23-o|S.
2. 3 E.
19. 8,S.
II. 7 E.
47-2
s.
50. 5 E.
286.7
2 p. m.
S. 83. 2 E. s
9
S. 40.5 E.
54- 0 N. 75- 9 E.
17.6
.S. 84.2 E.
16. S^S.
'5-3 E.
l4.o,S.
24.3 w-
38-4
s.
48. 8 E.
216.5
3 P- m-
N. 47. 9 E. 8
4
S. 58. I E.
28. 6 N. 65.4 E.
18.7
S. 90.0 E.
34- 7 S.
1.6 E.
•7-7;s-
10. I \V.
43-8
s.
77 7 E.
139.0
4 p. m.
N. 70. 2 E. 8
3 .S. 44.6 E.
43. 6 N. 70. 4 E.
20.8IS. 84.8 E.
26. 7 S.
66. 0 \V
•9-7iS-
2.5 NV-
50-5
s.
72.9 E.
242. 0
SP-m.
N. 77.0E. 8
0 S. 75,9 E.
25. qIn. 82. 5 E.
25-3's. 38.8 E.
20. I'S.
•3- I W.
28. 3 S.
36. 6 VV.
69.4
s.
59- I E.
'79-3
6 p. m.
N. 67.6 E. 9
2 S. 60.7 E.
36. I N. 89.5 E.
34-4
S. 69. 4 E.
37- 5 S-
17.3 E.
78. i,S.
36-3 w.
80.1
s.
55-6 E.
250.4
7 p.m.
N. 76, I E. 8
8 S. 47. I E.
30. 8;S. 74. 8 E.
31.6
S. 84. 5 E.
34- 6.S.
44.2 E.
42. 0 S.
30. I w.
92-4
s.
58.9 E
215. c
8 p. in.
N. 72. I E. 6
8 LS. 47. 0 E.
28. 6 S. 87.4 E.
46.6
S. 82. 2 E.
42- 3 S-
30. 6 W
28. 5 S.
21.8 \V.
81.0
s.
56.7 E
222.0
9 p. m.
N. 74. 4 A. 7
8
S. 61.7 E.
39.31N. 81.3 E.
56.0
N. 23. 5 E.
20. 4 S.
27.7 E.
22. 4 S.
13.6 W.
49-7
s.
81.0 E
229.9
10 p. m.
N. 90.0 E. 6
8
S. 73- 2 E.
19.7
N. 75.9 E.
55-7
N. 44.0 E.
41-3-S.
8.7 E.
33-o|S.
1 1. 9 E.
47-4
s.
85.1 E
234-'
1 1 p. in.
N. 65.0 E. 5.0
S. 81.4 E.
18.8
N. 75.6 E.
39-8
N. 39.0 E.
20.3|S.
15.8 W
22. 4 S.
4-4 W.
40.0
s.
88.9 E
225. 6
Midnight.
N. 78.3 E.I7S.3 S- 45-3 E.
794.2
N. 83. 2 E.
716. I
S. 81.7 E.
928. o'S.
9.9 K.
507. 9 s.
37. 5W. 6565. 4
s.
67. 3 E
6436. g
ft
Vi
■ i I
;
' ?9 i
US :
314
TUE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXrEDITION.
The resultant wind in summer remains remarkably steaHy from the SSE., having the greatest southerly component, S. i6*
E., in June. In autumn it backs suddenly to NK., and thence gradually veers to the southward through winter and spring, as
shown by the following diagram :
('mart No. Xl.—AuniiitlJIui-tualipH in dirtflion of wind n I Fort Conger, iSSl-'Sj.
1> I «l''44'
«Ua. ilPT. OCT. NOV. 010. JAN. Fit. MOM. AM. M«V JUNi JUiy AUS
Korth
Iv. E.
/'
\
/
\
\
\
s
\
\
\
^,
j
'•!
>.^
1
\
\
A "V
j
\
,/
t \
>
\
X,
/
\
V7
J?.
ftrtn
Mm
I for
1S82-
e.
V
</
A Mr
■
1891-
ti
ANNUAL FLUCTUATION OF THE DIRECTION OF THE WIND.
The annual fluctuation of the direction of the wind is shown, perhaps, more decidedly by an examination of the table of
frequency than by the resultants. From October to April, inclusive, the winds largely predominate from the E. cjuadrant, but
in May they incline towards the SK. From June to August, inclusive, southerly winds strongly prevail, with a tendency,
however, to the S\V. (piadrant in July. September, with the departing sun, finds them backing sharply to the NE.
By Table 133 it will be seen that the resultant from 10 a. m. (10.49 a. m. local mean time) to 3 p. m. (3.49 p. m. local
mean time) had a decidedly greater southerly component than at other times, while from 10 p. m. (10.49 p. m. local mean
time) to 2 a. m. (2.49 a. m. local mean time) opposite conditions prevailed. This might be accidental during one year, but its
repetition the second year apparently shows a decided influence of the sun on the diurnal variation of the wind's direction.
Chart No. 13. — Diurnal Jluctualion in dirt lion of wind at Fort Conger, iSSl-'Sj.
Washington mean time. To reduce to local mean time tdJ 49'"
12 3 IS 6 7 8 9 10 11 N<H>n I '2 :< 4 S 0 7 S 9 10 II li 1
.8. E,
ia.ML
TUE LAliV FUANKUN liAY EXI'EUITION,
315
STORMS AT FDRr CONC.ER.
It is (lifTicult to determine the exact amount of atmospheric (iisturhaiit e uliich shoulil ho <:(>nsi(lcre<l a storm.
I'he following' hst of storms (■()m|)rises all ( ascs when : ist, the wiiul has lilown jo miles per limir' [S.i;'" per seconil] or
more in a single hour; n\, when the haromctcr has rhanncd over .060 int h |i.5j"""| in a single hour, and the (han^e is in
accord with other meteorological (onditions; 3d, it' the daily liaromctric ran^e exceeds ,400 inch [10.16' | during the day.
In (|uite a nuinher of cases two or more of these conditions ohiain as well as rain or snow and sudden changes of tem-
perature.
It is eviilent, howevci, that some of these changes occur without storm conditions j)rcvailin^;— as, for instance, February
5, 6, and 7, 1882, September 19, i88j, February 7-8 and 24, April 22, 1883.
List of storms nt Fort Coiif^ir, 1885-83.
^= + 8l<'44' A - — 64045' 4i> K)"'
Date.
1881.
Aug. II
Sept. 10
13
Dec. 31
1883.
Jan. 3
•S
16
•7
23
5
6
7
«S
24
March 2
3
21
29
30
April 8
Feb.
10
21
22
23
2S
8
June 20
28
29
30
7
28
29
9
19
6
9
23
I
2
3
21
May
July
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Wind ami velucity.
Direction. Miles per Meters ner
hour. aecoml.
Hourly changes of
barometer.
Diiily ruiigv nf luironivlvr.
SW.
N.
.SW.
36
30
21
16. I
"3-4
9-4
Inches.
- .09
•f .10
NK,
SE.
57
29
»S$
130
.SE.
SE.
E.
20
20
21
8.9
8.9
9.4
S.
s.
s.
E.
E.
S.
SE.
S.
i
SE.
SE.
SE.
E.
S.
N.
SW.
E.
N.
NE.
E.
21
33
as
*S
31
24
a4
20
20
20
33
33
20
38
3«
9-4
9.8
II. 2
II. 2
9-4
10.7
10,
8
8
8.9
14.8
14.8
8.9
"2.5
13-9
• /
22
32
20
33
25
9.8
8.9
14.8
II. 2
+ .06
+ .11
.03
.08
Millimeters. Inches.
— 3.39
+ a.S4
+ 1.52
+ a. 79
— 0.76
+ 2-03
Millimeters.
Remarks.
.470
11.94
— .419
+ -404
+ -394
— .861
— 10. 64
+ 10. 26
-f 10.01
- 21.87
+ 16.05
+ .460
— .404 j
— -425 I
— .405 I
— .488
— -541
+ .656
.427
— .464
+ .789
+ .616
.417
— .468
+ 11.68
— 10. 20
— 10. 80
— II. 81
— "2.39
— •3-75
-f 16.66
- 10.85
11.78
f 20. 04
+ 15- 64
— 10.59
— 11.88
+ .480
+
12. igj
.425 — 10.80
Strong gale.
Strung gale. Sudden changes of temperature.
Temperature rose 23". 1 [ 1 2°.28 C] in 1 2 hours.
Temperatii'i' rose lo°.? [5°.27 C] in an hour.
Temperaturt rose 10°. 8 [6''.oo C] in an hour.
Heavy snow.
Sudden changes of temperature.
Do.
Heavy snow.
Strong wind all day in Robeson Channel.
Strong winds for all these days. Drcaking of
ice in Robeson Channel commencing.
Strong wind. Robeson Channel breaking up.
Very heavy SE. gale in straits ; wind 48
miles per hour [21.5"" per second] on Cairn
Hill at 10 a. m. on 28th.
Heavy snow.
Strong wind nearly all day.
Violent northerly gale in Robeson Channel.
Clear and tine.
Heavy snow.
♦Owing to the sheltered position of Conger this velocity of 20 miles per hour may be considered to far exceed an hourly velocity of 25 miles
[11.3™ per second], as determined from fifteen minutes record, which was the standard for storms in use for years by the U. S. Signal Service.
i;il
IB;
'<li!il.
m
316
1 j
•? !
i
t
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Lis* of storms at Fort Conger, i88i-'83 — Continued.
Date.
Wind and velocity.
Hourly changes of
barometer.
Daily range of barometer.
Remarks.
Direction.
Miles per
hour.
Meters per
second.
Inches.
Millimeters.
Inches
Millimeten.
1881.
Nov. 25
Dec. 17
20
30
1883.
Jan. 4
22
Feb. 3
7
8
24
March 2
4
8
10
II
12
14
IS
21
22
23
April 22
May 14
28
30
3'
June I
7
9
18
23
24
29
July 20
27
Aug. I
SE.
22
9.8
Fine weather.
Heavy snow.
Very ).igh wind considering the temperature,
— 170.0 [—27"».2C.].
Fine weather.
Heavy snow.
Followed by heavy snow.
Fine weather.
Do.
Heavy snow.
Do.
Heavy snow and sudden changes in temperature.
Light snow. Sudden changes of temperature.
Do.
Heavy snow.
Do.
Do.
Fine weather.
Heavy snow. Strong gale in Robeson Channel.
Heavy snow.
Heavy snow. Strong wind in Robeson Chan-
nel.
Do.
Do.
Strong wind all day.
Strong northerly gale in Robeson Channel.
Do.
Strong wind most of day.
Wind strong most of day; velocity for 15
minutes, 40 miles per hour [17.9™ per
second].
Heavy snow and rain.
Light rain.
- .451
+ -446
— 11.46
NE.
20
8.9
— .06
- 152
- .480
— .464
— 12. 19
- 11.78
— .10
+ .06
- 2.54
+ 1-52
— .664
+ -468
1- -53'
+ -520
+ .66>
+ .485
- 16.86
+ 11.88
+ 13- 49
+ '3-2I
+ 16.89
+ 12.32
"
SW.
52
23.2
+ .08
+ 2.03
+ .07
+ 1-78
+ -479
+ 12. 17
+ -OS
+ -OS
— .08
+ -OS
+ 1.27
+ 1.27
— 2.03
+ 1.27
s.
22
9.8
-1- .460
- .674
+ -588
+ .481
+ -433
-»- TI.68
— 17.12
+ 14-93
-j- 12.22
-j- 11.00
SE.
17
7.6
NE.
NE.
^r
s.
s.
NE.
/NE.
\NE.
NE.
/NE.
\ NF.
NE.
NE.
E.
S.
40
24
23
23
33
22
26
28
20
25
22
•42
37
25
34
22
21
17.9
10.7
10. 3 \
10-3/
14.8
9.8
11.6
12.5
8.91
11.2/
9.8
18. 81
16. 5 J
11. 2
15.2
9.8
9.4
1
"■" I
m
* Kor 15 minutes.
The storm of January 16, 1882, was the most violent experienced in our three years' service, and from extraneous evidence
was the most violent since Fort Congor was last visited in 1876.
A remarkably severe storm prevailed at Point Barrow also on days immediately preceding, which undoubtedly proceeded
from the same area of low pressure.
At Point Harrow, on January 11, ENE. winds of a mean hourly velocity of 25.3 miles per hour [11.3" per second]
prevailed, and the barometer fell .163 mch [4.14"""]. 'the next day the wind veered slowly to the SSW. with a mean hourly
velocity of 34 miles [15.2'" per second], and the barcmeter fell .555 inch [14.10"""] in eleven hours, to 28.266 [719.94"'"'] at
noon. The wind veered to the W. on the 13th and blew stead'y all day from 45 to 52 miles an hour [20.1"' to 23.2"" per
second], while the barometer in 59 hour.s rose 2.277 inches [57.84'"'"] to 30.543 [775.78'"'"] at 11 p. m. January 14.
At Fort Conger the barometer fell quite steadily from 30.035 [762.88™"'] on the nth, to 29.245 [742. 83"'"'] on the 14th,
and then rose very slowly to 29.881 [758.97'"'"] at i a. m. i6th, with no evidences of a serious disturbance. At 6 a. m. of
the i6th, however, the barometer comiticnced falling very rapidly, and at 3 p. m. touched 29.028 [737.29'"'"], a change of
0.752 inch [19.10"""] in 9 hours.
The early morning had been calm, but at 9 a. m. a wind of SW., 4 miles per hour [1.8'" per second], sprang up, which
changed sharply to a strong NE. gale at noon, and at 2.15 p. m. had reached a velocity of NE. 65 miles per hour [29.1"" per
tenurks.
iidering the temperature,
now.
n changes in temperature, j
:hanges of temperature.
'le in Robeson Channel. I
ind in Robeson Chan-
Robeson Channel.
ly; velocity for 15
■ hour [17.9m per
raneous evidence
'tedly proceeded
■3" per second]
I a mean hourly
<5f7'994"""Jat
I'" to 23.2" per
y 14.
"'J on the i4th,
At 6 a. ni. of
"J. a change of
rang up, which
our [29.1m per
w
I •>
V
m
i1
ni
a,, i
B
■•1.
I! '
Chart 15.
ISOBARS FROM INTERNATIONAL AND POLAR OBSERVATIONS. MARCH 8, 1883,
12.8 P. M. GREENWICH TIME.
H Mis 393 49 1
Chart 15.
H 8, 1883,
V — !?:
./■
'S I
I
f,
? !
I ■
I
1 1 ::
I s i ■
fb
il
11 I'M 1-^
ClUUT 111.
iSOlJARS FHOM INTERNATIONAL AND POLAR OBSERVATIONS. MARCH 9, ls,s3,
12.8 V. M. GHEENWICH TIME.
It!
► ■'•>'
H IVIis 393 49 1
1
1883,
X ^
>-'-
\
\
\
.^A-'
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
317
second]. At 2.30 p. m. the anemometer broke, so that the later wind, which probably reached 100 miles an hour (44.7'" per
second] was necessarily estimated. For nearly two hours it seemed possible that the whole house would blow into the bay,
and despite the energy of the stoutest men no one could reach the thermometers until 5 p. m. On January 17 the wind
gradually died away and the barometer rose 0.632 inch [16.05"""].
The storm of March 8, 1883, was quite violent and of brief duration. "The wind," says my journal, which at 6 a. m.
iiad been blowing at the rate of N. 2 miles per hour [0.9"' per second] changed suddenly at 6.35 to S., and increased to 34
miles an hour [15.2"' per second]. After 7 a. m. it increased in violence, but the drifting fine snow clogged up the anemometer
and stopped it completely. From 7.30 to 8 a. m. the wind must have been blowing near to 60 miles an hour [26.8'° per
second]."
A strong southerly gale prevailed until noon, after which the wind gradually subsided. At the time the wind changed
from N. to S. the temperature rose ii°.8 [6°.6 C] in an hour, probably in 30 minutes, reaching 30.3 [ — 16° C.]. The wind
came with a rising barometer and a change of +.665 inch [+16.89"""] occurred during the day.
In connection with this storm charts 15 and 16 are presented, which have been prepared through the courtesy of Prof.
H. A. Hazen, Signal Service. The influx of warm southerly air is perhaps the most marked feature of the storm, as it is
evident that Fort Conger was only (>\ the outer edge of the disturbance. The extension of the isobars of 30.20 and 30.40
northwestward over Greenland and Grinnell Land is a peculiar and interesting movement.
THE FACE OF THE SKY.
Until December i, 1881, the quantity and character of the clouds was noted only six times daily, but subsequently the
record was made hourly. While at Fort Conger, however, the percentage of cloudiness was interpolated for the missing
hours for the four months, August to November, 1881. It was possible to do this with very considerable accuracy, as not
only had an exact record been kept of the beginning and ending of each fall of snow or rain, but there was also a quite full
record of the character of the weather, clear, fair, or cloudy, in connection with the observation of auroras. As the observers
were trained men of the Signal Service, these otherwise uncertain terms involved the amount of cloudiness within narrow
limits. In order to prevent misapprehension all interpolated data is so marked as to be plainly distinguishable.
'in ! I
■ ill I
imr
in
a
; S ::
5 J ■
318 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
AUGUST, 1881.
Tabi.k CXXXIV. — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation^ August^ 1881.
WasliiiiKlon mean lime. Rciluce to local mean time by acldinj; 49'"
^^- 1-81° 44' A = — 64"'4S'= -4>' ig""
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11 .
12 .
'3
14
«S
16 .
17
18.
19
20 .
21 .
22 .
23
24
25
26 .
27
28 .
29
30-
3' -
fonvcrslonii.
I....N.
2....NB.
J....E.
4....SK.
Date.
Means
Total inches.
Total inillinieters
10
8
6
6
S
S.
8
6
8
3
o
4
10
7
S.
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
S.
10 str. N\V.
7 cu. str. N\V.
5 cum. 8
2 cir. (8) fotj. N.
8 str.
10 nim.
6 cu. str.
2 cum. 5 str.
4 cir. (8) 2 str.
o
o
5 cum.
10 str.
io{?)
10 nim.
to str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 .str.
10 .str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
N.
o
NK.
o
o
9
7
7
7
6
7
2
3
8
9
S.
S.
10
6
8
9 I 8 cir.
8 1 10 cir.
8 i 8 cum.
o
o
o
o
o
S.
o
o
o
o
6
o
o
10 10
10 i 10
S. i S.
10 10
10 10
8.0 8.0
7-9
S. 1 S.
S. I 9
9 i 9
« 5
8 ; 8
7.9S7-8
7.8
3 cum.
2 cir. 5 cum.
8 cir.
3 C'r- (8) foK-
10 .str.
10 nim.
6 cu. str.
5 cum.
2 cir. (7) 8 str.
o
2 cum.
9 cu.slr.
Kog.
8(?)
10 str.
••"OK.
10 nim
10 ci. str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
4 cum.
10 tir.
o
8 cum.
8
.S.
8
N.
o
o
NE.
7
\V.
7.0
7.6
7.8
Noon.
10 str.
7 cum.
3 cir.
I cir. fog.
8
N.
10 mm. o
10 nim. o
3 cir. 8 .str. .SW.
2 cum. (6) 3 str. o
8 cir. 7
ID 9 9
(i 5 4
2 I I o
110 o
o
8 cum.
to str.
9 cu.str.
Fog.
10 str.
6 ci. cu.
10 10 str.
10 I to str.
10 10 nim.
7.8
10 str.
Fog.
6 cum.
10 nim.
9 cum,
10 cir.
I cum.
9 str.
N\V.
S
o
6
S.
10
9
7
8
o
s. s.
10 9
8 6
8 9
9 I 9
I
7 i 6
10 I 10
9' 8
8 6
10
7
10
10
S.
10
F.
7
S.
8
10
I
8
7.8
7-7
I
S
10
8
4
10
9
10
10
S.
10 10
F. F.
i. I s'
»| 7
9 j 9
I I 2
8 7
7-.S 7-3
Figures in colums 1,2, 4, 5, 6, B, 9, 10, noon, 1 and •> .ire interpolated very largely from the auroral record, where the face of the sky was recorded in a general
manner as clear, fair, cloudy, &c. Fog included in cloudiness. Rain-gauge in position from 24th only, previous snuw fall estimated.
pi'*
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
319
lied in a general
1 estimated.
c'onverslonB.
AUGUST, 1881.
Table CXXXIV. — Amount, kind, and direction oj^ clouds and amount 0/ precipitation August^ 1881.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'n
^=4-81° 44' *=— 64°4S'=— 4'> igo'
10 cu.str.
4 cum.
o
o
10 nim.
9 sir.
5 cum.
10 cu. str.
lo cir.
2 cir.
4 cum.
10 str.
8 cum.
o
n str.
1 cir. y str.
I 5 .sir.
I ) ci. str.
10 nim.
n .str.
Kog.
lo cir.
10 nim.
7 cum.
9 cir.
2 cum.
4 cum.
7.2
NW.
o
o
8
S\V.
7
o
NW.
o
o
6
o
o
o
8
5
o
3
S.
9
S
8
2
3
10
7
10
10
ID
10
10
s.
6
8
2
6
9
5
6
10
3
2
10
7
2
10
10
6
10
S.
10
!0
10
s.
s
7
2
4
7-«
6.9
I
9
7
o
7
S.
9
S
4
10
3
2
10
6
3
10
10
4
10
S.
10
10
10
6.8
10 cu.str.
8 cir.
o
10 cum.
10 nim.
9 str.
5 cum.
2 cum.
10 cir.
4 cum,
2 cum.
10 str.
6 ci. cu.
4 str.
10 str.
10 cum.
2 cir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 .str.
10 str.
10 nim.
4 cum,
5 ci""'
2 cum.
2 cir.
NW.
8
W.
N.
SE.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
6
o
o
o
6.8
10
8
S.
9
s
4
9
3
2
10
5
6
S.
10
2
S.
s.
10
10
10
ID
8
s
6
10
5
6
8
2
2
10
4
8
10
I
.S.
.s.
10
10
10
4 j 3
3 ! S
2 I I
10
8
7
4
10
10
S
8
6
I
2
10
3
S.
S.
10
I
s.
s.
10
10
10
s.
9
3
7
6.9
7«
7-2
II
10 cu.str. NW.
8 cir.
Fog.
2 cu.str. o
10 nim. NW.
ID sir. SW.
5 cum. 5
6 cir. (8) 4 str. o
5 cir. 7
Mid-
night,
Daily
Inches.
o
2 cir.
10 str.
3 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
o
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 cum.
2 cum.
8 cum,
o
o
o
o
o
S.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
7-2
9
6
9
4
o
3
10
S
10
10
2
10
ID
10
ID
10
7-3
8,6
7-2
3-8
3-2
95
9-7
6,4
6.4
8,2
o. I
2.9
8.8
7-4
7>
lo. o
93
7-3
10. o
10. o
10. o
10. o
9.3
10. o
7-4
7-4
3-6
5.8
Melted snow.
Milli-
meters
» 1 __«
7-47
•13
.02
o-S
'5
I
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
«3
14
'3
•7
18
•9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3<
Figures in colums 4, s, 6, 8, 9, is, and midnight are interpolated very largely from the auroral record, where the face of the sky was reuurded in a general man-
ner as clear, fair, cloudy, &c.
* Inappreciable.
m
li
m I
(.1)
'm
m
r
s t
iiil^lNil
320
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY KXPKDITION.
sp:ptkmher, iSSi.
Table CXXXV. — Amount, kind, cuia directioii of clotids and amount of precipitation^ September^ 1881.
Washington mean time. Keiluce to local mean time hy adding 49'"
^ = + 81044' A = — 64° 45' = — 4'' 191"
a.
( 'onversiona.
..N.
..NE.
3... E.
J....-E.
Date.
7 ---
8 ...
9 —
10 ...
11 ...
12
13 - —
14 ....
15 ---
16 ....
17 ...
18 ...
19 ...
20 ...
21 ...
22
23
24
25
26 ,
27
28
29
30
9
o
o
o
10
6
S.
S.
o
S
s.
o
7
8
o
10
S.
s.
10
o
4
o
3
I
o
10
ID
10
S
8
I
I
o
10
7
S.
S.
I
4
.S.
o
6
9
o
10
S.
S.
10
o
2
o
3
1
o
10
10
10
8
Means. 5. 3
Total inches '
Total millimeters
3-4
o
I cir.
1 cir.
o
10 sir.
7 cum.
10 nim.
S cum (5) 5 str.
I ci. str.
Maze, 4 str.
10 nim.
o
5 cum.
10 str.
o
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 str.
o
o
o
4 cum.
2 cir.
o
ID Str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
o j 8
o I I
o I I
o I o
O 10
o
s •:n'.ii.
3
o
S.
o
o
o
o
o
NE. 8
o
o 10.
S.
S.
10
o
8 1 •■' ■ > ■•)■.
I I o >
O I o o
10 I 10 Dense fog.
10
6
TO j 10
10 I 10
7 cu. str.
10 nim.
10 cu. str.
10 cu. str.
8 str.
10 str.
7 cir.
10 cum.
1 cu. str.
2 cum.
10 str.
10 nim.
8 cir. Kog.
S cum.
o
o
o
o
o
o
10 nim.
2 cir.
ID str.
10 str.
5-4
5- 5
i-i
s-s
5-5
o
o
o
o
S.
o
o
SE.
o
o
SW.
5
o
o
o
10
S.
8
7
o I
I
II
9
I
4
7
V.
7
10
3
10
2
9
6
9
7
3
3.
S.
8
3
4
o
3
o
o
o
10 str.
o
5 cum.
10 str.
Dense fog.
7 cu. str.
10 str.
o
10 str.
o
9 str.
6 cir.
9 cum.
10 str.
4 cum.
io nini.
10 nim.
8 cir.
2 str.
5 cum.
o
4 cir.
o
o
o
o
o
5
NW.
Noon. I
10 mm.
5 : 6 cu. str.
3 i o
S. i 10 nim.
10
I
s
10
9
8
10
o
S.
9
7
9
8
4
.S.
S.
5-5
5-5 5-4!
S-S
5-7
9
8
8
6
3
S.
.S.
6
I
4
2
7
o
o
I
S.
8
o
S.
9
9
8
4
3
S.
S.
s
I
4
3
9
o
I
I
10 10
0 o
S 5
10 10
7 I S
9 I 10
10 I 8.
1 ' 2
s. ! .s.
S ! 7
5.8 6.0
Figures in columns i, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, noon, i and 3, are interfiblated very largely from the auroral record, where the face of the sky was recorded in a general
manner as clear, fair, cloudy, &c.
li; i
^iiii
-il
... t.
THE LADY rUANKIilX BAY KXl'EDITION.
321
nversioni.
E.
__
I
3
S
lO
10
10
I
0
o
S
S
S
lO
lO
lO
9
7
S
8
9
10
lO
lO
S.
o
I
2
'.
S.
s.
3
s
7
9
9
9
7
8
9
9
8
8
8
6
4
4
3
3
>.
S.
S.
S.
S.
7
6
5
2
I
I
s
4
4
I
2
3
s
7
9
o
o
o
o
o
I
o
I
I
S.
S.
7
8
9
o
o
0
S.
S.
S.
7
5-«
6.0
ed in a general
Conrtrslona.
I::
..s.
SW. 8.
7 cum.
lo str.
o
5 cum.
lo str.
4 cum.
lo cu.str.
lo nim.
2 cum.
ID nim.
lo str.
9 str.
lo str.
8 cum.
2 cir.
3 cum.
loiiim.
ID nim,
5 cir.
o
3 str.
4 cum.
lo str.
o
I cir.
I cum.
lo nim.
lo str.
o
lo nim.
W.
NW,
SEPTEMBKR, i88i.
TAiii.E CXXXV. — AmoHHl, kirn/, and direction of clomh and amount ,'f iri^ 'ation, September^ i88i,
Waithington mean time. Kcilucc tu local mean time liy ax i'>^ 49'"
^ = + 81° 44' ">.— ■ 64045' _.-4» IQ-"
6.2
o
o
6
o
o
o
o
o
o
SW.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
8
o
4
10
3
S.
9
10
7
2
3
S.
s.
6
o
3
5
10
o
I
4
10
10
o
6.0
6
o
3
10
2
10
S.
I
s.
6
8
10
6
I
4
S.
S.
7
o
3
7
10
o
I
6
10
10
o
S.
6.0
9
6
I
4
S.
10
9
o
4
9
10
o
I
8
10
10
o
S.
6.0
9 cum.
2 cum.
o
2 cum.
10 str.
I cum.
ID str.
10 nim,
o
ID nim.
4 str.
8 cum.
9 str.
o
o
4 cum.
10 str.
ID str.
10 str.
o
4 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
o
I cir.
10 str.
10 .str.
10 str.
o
10 nim.
o
o
S
o
o
o
o
o
SE.
SW.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
6.0
I
o
I
10
s.
o
s
10
10
10
o
s
8
8
o
I
10
10
10
o
S-8
.0 ,
3 '
10
'o I
4
9
5
o
6
10
10
10
o
6
5
6
o
o
10
10
10
o
S.
S-7
o
o
o
;o
4
o
7
9
2
10
6
o
8
10
o
6
3
4
o
o
10
10
10
o
5.6
10 str.
o
o
o
10 str.
4 cum.
10 .str.
10 nim.
o
Haze. 6 str.
10 str.
o
10 cir.
6 str.
o
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim,
10 str.
o
7 cu. str,
o
2 str.
o
o
10 str,
10 .str,
10 str.
o
10 nim.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
K.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
ss
Mia-
niglit.
10
o
o
o
10
5
o
6
10
o
8
7
o
10
S.
S.
10
o
6
o
2
o
o
10
10
10
2
IS
Daily
means.
Melted snow.
Inche.'
4.2
6.S
0.7
2.0
6.5
6.7
8.5
10. o
3.8
7.6
5-9
7.8
6.6
7-3
4.0
3.5
10.0
10 o
8.S
3.6
30
2.6
4-3
0.7
0.6
3-4
10. o
8.0
3-7
97
S-7
! Milli-
Imcters
02 I o. 5
0.5
.06
,01
•03
•03
•S
OS
o. 2
0.8
0.5
0.5
"o.'i
23
s-8
Kij;ures in columns 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, and midniglit, are interpolated ver/ largely from the auroral record ; where the {ace of the sky was recorded in a general
manner as clear, fair, cloudy, &c.
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 31
-TiTlil
I'
ii
^ii.i
*i
11
J
?j%d
*:
h ' !
Jf:
i M!^
ri ^ififf
822
Tlli: LA1>V I'UANKLIN UAV KXPKDITION.
OCmUKR, 1881.
'I'aiilk CXX.W 1. — .////<'/////, kiihi, ivui diratum of chiiulsitnd ttmoiuit of pncifiiUU'wn, Octohir, 1881.
Wa.tliin^tDii iiuan liiiu'. Kciliici; tn local inciiii liiiiu liy aililin^; 4</"
^=. I 81° 44' 1 C'4°45' -4" <9"'
1 >ali'.
I ...
2
3
4
S
6
7
8 .
9
10 .
i "
13
«3
•4
•S
16
17 ..
18 .
19 ..
20 ..
21 ..
22
2J
24
2S
26
27
28
29
3"
Means
Total inclics.
ConvcnioM.
.N,
.NK.
10
lo
o
o
5
10
10
4
10
10
3
o
o
S
o
10
o
o
o
10
<i
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
3-7
Tdtal millimeters .
I
3-4
10 hlr.
10 htr.
10 sitr.
o
o
1 str.
10 str.
10 str.
3 cir., I str.
10 str.
10 str.
2 cir., It. foj;.
o
o
o
o
10. str.
o
o
o
10 str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
10
10
10
o
o
o
10
.s.
10
10
4 <i
o o
o o
o o
o o
3 '
10
10
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
S
10
10
10
0
0
0
I
2
3
0
I
2
0
0
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
3
5
0
0
0
3.4
3f'
4.0
10 nim.
10 str.
10 Mr.
o
o
o
I0 8(r.
10 nim.
10 cir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 cir., U. fog.
o
o
o
o
10 str.
o
o
0 cir.
10 str.
o
4 str.
3 cir.
2 cum,
o
o
o
o
7 cir.
o
4.2
10
10
9
o
o
10
10
7
o
5
o
10
10
s.
S.
10
10
10
9
8
7
8
7
0
1
0
0
I
2
0
0
10
10
0
0
3
4
7
8
9
7
0
0
6
8
3
3
2
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
4
0
0
♦ 3
4.3
10
II
Noon.
10
10 str.
0
10
10
10 ilr.
0
10
5
4 cir.
0
4
0
0
0
1
7
9 cum.
0
9
0
0
0
0
10
10 str.
0
10
S.
10 mm.
0
.s.
s.
10 mm.
0
s.
9
4ci. cu. (7).S.st.
0
8
6
Scir.
0
S
5
4 cir.
6
3
2
3 cir.
0
2
0
0
0
0
3
4 cir.
0
4
0
0
0
0
10
10 str.
0
8
0
0
0
0
6
8 cir.
0
7
9
10 str.
0
10
S
3 <:"■•
0
3
0
0
0
0
9
10 cir.
0
8
2
2 ci. str.
0
2
I
I cir.
0
I
0
0
0
0
,
1 cir.
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
J....E.
4.....SK.
4-3
4. I
3.8
10
4
3
9
o
10
S.
S.
6
6
3- 6
I'iKurcs in rolumiis i, 2, 4, 5, fi, 8, 9, 10, ncioii, i anil 3, arc interpolated very largely from the ouroral record, where the face of the sky was recorded in i, general-
mv ,iier as ikur, lair, ilouily, \(;.
L^t!
TUK LADY I'HANKLIN HAY KXl'IiDlTIUN.
323
ConTcnIiini.
■ N.
NK,
No(>ii.
■
3
lo
lo
lO
lo
10
lO
4
9
o
4
2
9
o
1
9
o
lo
S.
s.
8
5
lO
S.
S.
7
6
lO
S.
S.
6
6
3
3
0%
3
I
I
o
O
o
4
o
3
3
2
8
o
7
lO
6
O
6
lO
3
o
5
lO
3
2
2
o
2
0
6
2
o
4
3
I
0
o
O
O
0
I
o
o
o
o
o
o
O
o
o
O
o
o
■
2
4. I
3-8
3-6
— .
— .
ordcd in 4 general -
Ciinversionn.
..S.
5 ...a.
8 .. SW
7....W.
i... NW
lo Mr.
10 Rtr.
4 cir.
3 •'■''■•
8 cuin,,
o
str.
10 mm.
lo iiim.
lo str.
5 sir-
6 cir., It. foj;.
o
I cir.
o
I cir., 2 str.
1 str.
O
o
4 cir.
10 cir.
2 cir.
o
3 cir.
2 Str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
2 cir,
I str.
o
5
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
NW.
o
o
o
SW.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
3-4
OCIOHK.R, i88t.
Taiii.f. C'XXXVI. — AtHoiinl, kimi, and lUralion of clouils nnil amount o/ /<rf(ipiliiHt>n. Oitobrr, i88i.
Wa.sliiii|;l<>ii mean lime. Kciliicc to local mean time l>y adilin^ 4i>">
^ I 81° 44' A - -64'' 45' - -\^ "9"'
10
3
2
8
2
S.
•S.
10
7
7
2
I
o
2
2
o
o
3
10
2
o
2
2
o
o
o
o
o
o
2
34
10
3
3
6
3
S.
S.
10
9
8
3
o
I
3
I
o
o
, 2
10
3
o
I
3
o
10
I
I
4
4
S.
.S.
10
s.
8
4
o
2
o
o
I
10
3
o
o
3
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
3-4
li,
10 sir.
10 itr.
1 cir.
I.t. Ii.t/c.
2 cum.
S cir.
10 nim.
10 cir.
10 .str.
10 nim.
9 cir.
4 cir., 2 ci. (
o
Haze., 3 str.
o
o
O
o
o
10 str.
3 str.
o
o
3 cir.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
3-3
10
10
I
o
4
6
10
9
5
o
S
o
3
o
o
o
10
6
o
o
2
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
II
10
10
o
o
6
7
10
8
10
3
o
7
o
5
o
o
o
10
8
o
o
I
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
3-6
10
10
o
o
«
8
10
6
10
10
6
1
o
9
o
7
o
o
o
10
S.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
3-7
II
10 sir.
10 str.
o
o
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
5 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
5 cir.
o
o
10 str.
o
10 sir.
o
o
o
10 str.
10 nim.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
3-9
o
o
o
o
o
6
o
NK.
Mill-
nielli
10
o
o
8
10
10
5
10
10
4
o
o
7
o
10
o
o
o
10
S.
o
o
o
(
G
O
Q
O
O
O
Daily
means.
10.0
S.o
0.6
4.8
3.7
10.0
93
8.9
9.1
75
5-3
0.0
2.0
75
().()
O.f)
2.8
1.6
0.4
0.0
0. I
0.0
0.0
1. 2
0.4
Melted snow.
I
tnclicsj
Milli-
meters,
0.5
■05
.02
.04
3-7
3-73
•23
0.2
3.3
- -*
1-3
o-S
S-8
I
3
3
4
5
0
7
8
9
10
II
13
'3
•4
"S
16
"7
18
•9
30
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3"
* Inapi>reciat>lc.
FlRures In columns 4, 5, 6, S, 9, lo, anil midnight are Interpolated largely frum the aurural record, where the (ace of the sky was rccurdcd in a general manner a»
llcar, (air, ilouily, 6ic.
:U;i-
i4!!
l!''
1::;.
Ill
■■I'
:J24
THK LADY I'ltANKLIN HAY KXI'EDITION.
NUVKMHKR, 1881.
Taule CXXXVI I. —/4 ///(/«///, kind, tuiil itiredion of clouds and iimouni of predpilalioii^ Noicmbcry 1881.
Washin^tdii mciin time. Kcducc to local mean time l>y adding 4<j"'
^r=|8l"'44' X — — 64* 45'— - 4'' 19""
! 'ati'
I 3
f< ...
7 --
8 ...
9 -•-
10 ...
II ..
IJ .-
«.? -
14 --
«5
lO .
17 ..
18 ..
19 ..
20 ..
21
22
24
25
26 ..
27 ..
28 ..
29 ...
itil'11
Means
Total iraiiLS.
Total millimeters.
o
10
7
9
3
5
10
S.
10
o I
°i
" I
°l
o I
o I
5
o
3
2 ,
o
10
6
8
I
8
10
S.
10
o
o
o
o
o
o
6
o
2
I
O
o
o
o
o
o o
O I o
o o
O I o
o o
o
5 cir., 5 str.
S ei. str.
K cu, sir,
o
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 sir.
o
o
o
o
o
o
Ila/.e, 6 sir.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
lla/e, 3 str.
o
o
o
o
o
4
5
0
0
1
0
10
10
0
4
3
0
6
4
u
1
a
0
10
10
0
10
10
0
S.
,s.
0
lO
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2. 7 , 2. 6
2.4
2-4 2. J
3 »•'■
10 sir.
o
o
4 cIr.
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 iiiiu.
10 sir.
o
o
o
o
o
o
10 nim.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
lla/e, 2 str.
o
o
o
o
o
2.3!
2-3
9
10
7
S.
9
S.
0
0
0
0
7
9
23
2.4
2.6
2.6
II
10 itr.
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
0
10 str.
0
10 sir.
0
10 str.
0
10 mm.
0
Ila/e.
0
0
0
3 tir.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Haze, 4 sir.
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
2 str.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Noi.>n.
10
S.
o
o
10
io
10
S.
o
o
4
o
o
o
s
9
o
I
o
o
o
o
o
10
s.
I
10
10
10
.s.
o
o
6
o
o
o
6
8
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
2
o
o
2. 7 2. 8
30
KiRurcs in roluinns i. 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, noun, i itnd 3, are Interpolated very largely from the auroral record, where the faee of the sky was recorded in a general
niannvr as clear, lair, cloudy, Aic.
■'f
i
1
ii;i
-
i
■iW.,. k...
Tin: LADY 1 UA.NKLIN UAV KXI'EUITION.
325
C'onvfnIoM.
Convtrslona.
....9.
....8W.
k....NW.
NOVKMHKR, x88i.
Table CXXX'VU.—/t mount, kiml, and dirtcHon y>fd>iids and ttmouni of pmipitation^ Nivemhfr, i38i.
Waihington mean time. Reduce tu local mean time t>y mlding 49'"
f--f8i''44' X —64*45' — 4'' 19""
4 dr., 6 »tr.
10 nim.
2 str.
3cir.
7 clr., 3 Kir.
10 «tr.
10 nim.
10 nim.
o
o
9 cir.
o
o
o
llazf, 7 str.
5 sir.
o
o
2 cir.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
4 cir.
o
o
3-'
10
10
4
S
8
10
S.
S.
o
I
9
I
o
o
S.
5
o
o
I
3.3
10
9
6
7
6
10
S,
s.
o
2
9
3
o
o
S.
5
o
o
o
3
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
2
o
o
3.4
8
8
9
4
10
S.
S.
o
3
10
S
o
o
S.
6
o
o
o
S
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
2
o
o
3-7
10 Mr.
4 cir.. J sir.
10 sir.
10 cir.
2 cir.
lustr.
10 nim.
10 nim.
o
4 cir.
10 sir.
Haze, 7 sir.
o
o
10 nim.
6 str.
o
o
o
Ila/e, 6 sir.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
2 cir.
o
o
o
o
NK.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
3. 8
10
8
10
8
I
10
S.
.s.
o
3
8
8
o
o
S.
5
I
I
3-7
10
9
10
7
o
10
S.
s.
o
2
6
9
o
o
S.
4
2
3
o
2
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
s
3-6
10
10
10
5
o
10
S.
10
o
3
9
o
o
S.
3-5
II
10 Kir.
6 cir., 4 Kir.
10 Kir.
4 cii. sir,
o
10 .str.
10 nim.
10 sir.
o
o
o
10 sir.
o
o
5 str.
o
5 sir.
Haze, 5 str.
o
I laze.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
10 str.
K.
o
Ni;.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
3-3
Mill-
nielli.
10
8
9
3
2
to
S.
10
o
o
o
8
o
o
S
o
4
4
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
5
2.9
Daily
7.0
9.5
4.S
4- a
4.4
9.7
10.0
10. o
3.5
0.7
3.7
0.4
0.0
4.8
6.4
0.7
1. 1
0.3
0.9
o. o
0.0
0.0
0. o
0.7
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.0
1. 2
Mclleil mow.
Mill!
Incliex.
melon
.OS
.04
1.3
1.0
■03
.09
0.8
2.3
. .
.04
.04
2.9
.29
7.4
7
9
10
II
12
>3
14
'S
1 '1
'7
18
«9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
•ir:
- Li;
A \
m
clear.
> recorded in a general
.' inures li> columns 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, and midnight are interpolated largely from the auroral record, where the face of the sky was recorded In a general manner as
■•< '. cloudy, etc.
i
^
'
li2G
THE LADY FUAXKLIN BAY KXPEDITION.
'vl
I'i
5' I
V;
DECKMIJER, 1881.
'I'aiu.k CXXXVIII. — Aimnint, kind, anil i/iirttion of clouds and amount of precipitation, Dcccmhi-r, 1881.
Wasliin^jlon moan lime. Kciluce to Incal moan lime liy aiUling 41)'"
(l.= + 8i°44' >.= -64°45'^— 4"i9"'
Date.
7 .---
8
0
10
11 ...
12 ._.
13 ---
14 ...
15 -.
16
'7
18
>9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26 .
27 .
28
29
30
3'
Means
'I'otal inches
Total miriimelers
3-7
o 2 cir.
3 2 cum.
3-4
o
o
10 cir.
S cir-
10 str.
3 cum.
o
10 sir.
10 str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
S str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
o
10 .str.
o
o
10 str.
o
3-4
3-S
3«
3-3
o
10 .str.
o
2 cir.
o
o
o
10 cir.
o
10 sir.
I str.
4 str.
10 .str.
10 str.
o
c
o
o
o
o
3 str.
8 sir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
o
10 sir.
o
o
o
4 str.
ii
4.0
4-7 4-9
II
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
o
o
3 cir.
o
10 sir.
10 sir.
o
10 str.
10 sir.
8 sir.
o
o
4 str.
o
o
o
Sstr.
10 nim,
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
o
o
I str.
10 .sir.
10 str.
Conversions.
55
..N. 3....E.
..NE. 4....SE.
Noon.
10
S.
10
10
o
o
o
o
10
10
o
10
10
8
o
o
3
o
o
o
5
10
S.
.s.
10
10
o
o
I
9
5-4
S>
10
.S.
10
.s.
o
o
o
o
10
10
o
10
S.
o
o
o
4
o
o
o
S
10
S.
s.
s.
10
o
o
o
10
10
5'
Hourly olxservations commenced on 3(1; fiijures for 1st and 2nd in columns i, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, noon, and I, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, midnight, are
interpolateil from auroral record.
! 1:
I 1.
": I
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
327
Conversions.
N. I3....E.
NE. I 4....SE.
Xooii.
I
2
10
10
lo
S.
S.
■S.
10
10
10
10
s.
S.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
10
10
10
10
10
0
0
0
10
10
iO
10
.s.
S.
8
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
3
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
5
5
10
10
10
S.
S.
S.
s.
S.
s.
10
.s.
s.
10
10
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
0
0
9
9
10
10
TO
10
5-4
5'
S.'
—
Conversions.
DECKMBER, 1881.
TAiiLK CXXXVIII. — Amount, kiiut, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, December, 1881.
Washinglor mean time. Reduce to local mean time I'y adiliny; 49"'
^ - + 81° 44' >■ = — 640 45/ = - - 4" 1 9"'
Melted snow |
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
Mid-
ninh;.
1 )aily
means.
Inches.
Mill)
meters.
10 cir.
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
S.o
0
S.
S.
10
10 cum.
s
8
7
6
6 cir.
0
5
6.8
.07
'■5
10 str.
10 nim.
0
10
<o
0
0
0
5.«
0
.s.
IO
10
10 str.
0
!0
10
10
10 str.
0
10
. —
*
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2 cir.
0
0
0
I
0
4
I
0
3
0
0
5
0
0
4 cir. •
0
0
0
0
0
3
0.8
-0
1.2
0
10 str.
0
0
2
I
I cir.
0
4
10
8
7
10
9 cir.
10 str.
0
8
7-3
0
8
3
10
S
10
6 sir.
0
10
0
10
10 str.
0
S.
10 str.
0
10
10
10
6 cir.
0
0
9.0
• -
0
ID str.
0
0
0
s.
0
S.
0
s.
0
10 nin-..
0
0
0
S.
0
S.
0
S.
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
S.
0.6
75
•0.')
'•3
10 mm.
0
s.
S.
s.
10 mm.
0
s.
S.
s.
10 mm.
0
S.
9.5
•03
0.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4-9
.01
0. 2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
2 str.
0
2
3
3
2 str.
0
3
0.8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0
— 0
0
0
0
0
0
3 str.
5 str.
10 nim.
0
3
5
.s.
3
5
S.
3
5
s.
4 str,
5 str.
10 nim.
0
S
s
0.9
9.4
5 str.
10 nim.
0
5
s.
5
S.
5
s.
0
0
r;
0
0
s.
. 10
2-5
10 mm.
0
.s.
S.
s.
10 mm.
0
s.
S.
.s.
10 mm.
0
s.
10. 0
.07
1.8
10 mm.
0
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.4
.04
1.0
10 nim.
0
s.
s.
s.
10 mm.
0
s.
s.
.s.
10 str.
10
6.0
.02
0.5
10 str.
0
10
10
10
10 str.
0
s.
s.
5
0
0
9.0
. —
■X-
2 cir.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
.- . .-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
I sir.
4
0-3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.9
10 str.
0
10
10
10
10 cir.
0
7
s
c
0
0
5.(.
10 str.
0
IO
10
10
to str.
0
10
10
10
10 str.
10
6.0
4-3
5- I
4.8
4.6
4.6
4.8
4.6
4-7
4.1
4. I
i -''^
o- 39
9.6
1
1
1
!
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
13
>4
'S
16
»7
18
'9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
3"
1^:
i: Hi
3, midnight, are
' Inappreciable.
.> f
iW i
i !i
1^ ir
i\
328
TDE LADY PRANKLlN BAY EXPEDITION.
JANUARY, 1882.
Table CXXXIX. — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, yanuary, 1882,
Washingioii mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
^ — + 81° 44' A, = - 64° 45'--- — 4'' 19"'
Conversions.
10
II
12
'3
14
IS
16
I 18
1 '^ '
' 20 .
i 21 .
1 22
23
24
as
26 .
27
28
29
2P
3'
Mwns
Total inches
Tot.;! millimeters
i-'i
3-2
10 10 str.
10 j 10 str.
10 I 10 str.
10 \ 10 str.
10 str.
3 str.
4 cir.
1 cir.
o
o
o
o
10 str.
o
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim,
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
10 .str.
2 cu. str.
35
4
S
10
0
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
3
10
7
s
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
S.
.s.
10
10
.s.
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3. 6 I 2. 9 I 3. I
10 .str.
10 str.
10 cir.
10 str.
10 cir.
10 str.
8 cir.
o
o
o
o
o
o
2 CU. str.
10 str.
!o str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
10 nim.
10 str.
3-5
4
10
10
10
10
10
5
o
o
o
o
2
o
I
S.
S.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
4
o
2
4
2
S.
10
3-4 3' 7
1 str.
10 str.
10 cir.
10 str.
10 str.
3 str.
o
o
o
o
o
10 nim.
o
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
o
o
o
o
o
o
3 str.
o
4 cir.
o
4 str.
10 str.
2 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
4.4
4.1
I....N.
a....NB.
3....E.
4....SE.
Noon.
o
10
o
10
10
2
o
o
o
o
o
.S.
.s.
o
o
o
o
I
o
s
4
o
5
10
2
3.8
o
10
I
1
o
o
3
o
o
o
o
S.
o
S.
S.
S.
o
o
o
2
O
O
10
O
4
o
4
10
I
S. 7
10 10
4- ' 3. 3
J... I
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
329
Conversions.
.E.
.SE.
Noon.
2
o
O
O
10
lO
ID
o
o
I
lO
lO
I
lO
lO
O
2
3
o
O
5
3
O
o
o
o
o
o
o
0
o
O
o
o
s.
S.
S.
o
o
o
s.
S.
S.
S.
•S.
S.
S.
S.
s.
O
o
o
o
0
o
o
o
o
O
o
2
I
o
O
O
o
o
a
lO
lo
o
o
o
4
4
4
0
o
o
S
S
4
ID
lO
10
2
I
I
.s.
S.
7
ID
10
lO
3-«
4.1
3-3
1
1 1
1 1
1 1
JANUARY, 1882.
Table CXXXIX. — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, jfanuary^ 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean lime by adding 49"'
<tr= + 8i°44' ;i=-64°4S'=r-4" 19'"
Melted snow.
3
4
5
6
0
7
8
9
10
II
Mid-
night.
10
Daily
means.
3.8
9.6
6.2
Indies.!
Milli-
meters.
Q
I
0
10 str.
0
0
2 str.
0
0
2
0
10 .str.
0
S
3
8
8
0
10
10
10
ID str.
0
10
2
0
2
I
0
0
0
3
8
10 str.
0
10
3
4
0
3
0
4 str.
3 str.
4 str.
0
S
10
5
3
3
10
10 str.
0
10
7.8
6.6
4
S
6
Q
0
0
0
4
3
4 str.
3 str.
0
4
3
0
0
0
2
2
0
4
0
4.4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2-5
0. 1
0.0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
ID
0
0
0
3
2
I str.
0
I
0
0
0
0
4
OS
II
10 mm.
0
S.
S.
s.
10 str.
0
S.
S.
S.
10 mm.
0
10
('.3
.14
30
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
'S
6.4
13
•4
10 nim.
0
.S.
S.
s.
10 nim.
0
s.
s.
s.
10 nim.
o
S.
.07
1.8
10 nim.
0
s.
s.
s.
10 str.
0
10
10
10
8 str.
0
8
q.6
.05
'•3
'.S
10 mm.
0
s.
.s.
s.
10 mm.
0
s.
10
s.
10 mm.
0
S.
9.9
.04
0. 2
lb
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
••7
. —
»
'7
0
0
0
0
0
q
0
°
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
c
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
18
«9
3 str.
0
0
10 str.
0
3
0
0
10
0
2
3 str.
0
0
2 str.
0
I
I
0
0
0
0
0.6
20
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
0. 0
2.9
21
22
23
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
24
3 cir.
0
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
'S
0.0
I.O
2.9
o-S
6.4
25
0
0
7 cir., 3 str.
0
4 cu. str.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
I
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
8 cum.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
I
0
0
0
0
2 cir. str.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
0
26
27
28
29
30
.27
7'
Maze, 4 str.
0
5
8
3
0
2-5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5-2
3'
2.8
2-4
2-5
2-3
2-5
2. 2
2.S
2.8
3>
3-2
0.57
14.0
1
i 1
* Inappreciable.
sl
r
IV'
If
w
I if
1(1
ill
m
lU'
!
330 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
FEBRUARY, 1882.
Table CXL — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount 0/ precipitation, February, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"'
0 = -|-8i<>44' X — — 64°4S'=-— 4h igm
ConvLrsions.
I....N.
1....NE.
E.
SB.
Date.
\
1
■
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
Noon.
■
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
S
6
2
4
0
8
I
3
0
3
0
2 ci. str.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
3
0
1 cir.
0
2 str.
0
0
0
0
0
I
0
0
0
2
2
2
0
3
2
2
0
1 cir.
2 cir.
2 str.
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
2
0
2
4
3
0
2
7
2
0
•I
4
s —
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
2 cu. sir.
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
I
0
0
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7 _.
8 ^ _
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
8
10
10 cir.
0
10
10
10
10 ..
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2 ci.str.
I ci.str.
0
0
3
0
4
0
8
0
7 cir., 3 str.
I str.
0
0
4
0
2
0
3
0
II
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3 cir.
0
0
0
3
0
2
0
2
IJ
«4
0
0
3 sir-
0
I
I
0
3 str-
0
I
3
3
3 cir.
0
2
3
3
IS
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
I ci. str.
0
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
I cir.
0
I
2
3
2 cir.
0
2
4
S
17 -
10
10
10 str.
0
8
8
10
10 str.
0
10
S.
S.
10 mm.
0
s.
S.
S.
18 .,.
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
6 ci. str.
0
4
10
10
10 str.
0
10
10
10
.9- -
4
i.
3 sir.
0
3
2
2
6 str.
0
4
10
10
ID str.
0
10
10
10
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
I str.
0
I
2
.i
4 cir.
0
4
b
10
21
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2 sir.
0
I
I
I
2 cir., 4 str.
0
4
3
3
22
3
0
2
3 str.
0
3
2
4
4 sir.
0
4
7
3
7 cir.
0
8
7
I
5
2
23- -
0
0
0
0
0
0
I str.
0
I
I
2
I cir.
0
I
24
0
0
0
0
I
I
I
0
0
0
I
2
3 cir., I str.
0
S
4
6
25- - -
S.
S.
10 mm.
0
S.
10
9
5 ci.str.
0
4
10
10
10 str.
0
10
10
9
26
8
8
lo mm.
0
S.
S.
S.
10 nmi.
0
.S.
s.
s.
10 str.
0
10
10
10
27 - -
8
7
5 str.
0
5
.■i
9
10 sir.
0
10
s
10
4 cir., 2 str.
0
4
5
8
28 .. .
2
5
0
0
0
I
0
0
0
2
3
4
4 cir., 2 str.
0
6
4
4
Means
Total inches
2. 1
1.9
1-7
1.6
1.6
1.9
2.4
2.2
3-3
3-8
41
3-9
41
4.5
'
1
Total millimeters
1
1 1
i
1
1 1
1
1
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
331
nvirsions.
E.
3....E.
4 .. SE.
3on.
1
2
o
S
6
2
2
2
3
4
7
2
3
2
O
o
0
o
o
O
o
o
0
0
o
o
lO
ID
ID
4
2
3
0
O
o
o
O
0
3
2
2
2
3
3
0
o
o
2
4
.■i
s.
S.
s.
10
lO
ID
lO
lO
lO
4
6
lO
4
3
3
8
7
5
'
I
2
S
4
6
10
lO
9
10
lO
10
4
.S
8
(>
4
4
9
4.1
4.5
Conversions,
5....S.
6....SW.
7....W.
8....NW.
FEBRUARY, 1882.
Table CXL. — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation^ February^ 1882.
Washington mean tinue. Reduce to local moan time by adding 49™
0~ + 8i°44'' X ---64°4S'---4'' «9"'
3cir.
3cir.
4 cir., 6 str.
1 str.
o
o
o
2 cir.
5 cir., 4 str.
3 cir.
I cir.
o
I cir.
1 str.
o
3 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
ID str.
2 cir., 3 str.
4 cir.
2 cir.
5 cir., 2 str.
10 str.
ID str.
10 str.
4 str.
4.6
3
2
10
2
o
o
o
2
9
6
o
o
I
I
o
4
10
7
10
10
10
2
2
10
10
10
10
4
3
o
10
o
o
o
o
2
4
o
o
2
O
o
I
3
2
5
10
10
o
o
10
10
10
5
2
4.8
3-2
I
2
S
10
8
o
o
10
10
S.
6
2
8 ci, str.
o
S str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
4 str.
o
o
5 str.
8 str.
8 str.
o
o
to nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
4 cir.
2 str.
S.
5
10
2
2
2.6
10
II
4 CI. Str.
o
4 cum.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
8 str.
o
3 str.
o
o
3 str.
o
o
10 nim.
8 str.
8 str.
3 cir.
10 str.
Mid-
night.
Daily
Melted snow."
Ilr.clies.
Miiii- 1 Z
meters.] q
8
8
3
10
2.4
2-3
2. 1
1.2
4.1
'•5
0.0
o. 2
0.0
o. 2
3-4
2. 1
0. I
0.0
0.6
1. 2
O. I
2.7
6.7
4-3
5-3
4.1
3'
2.8
0.6
5-1
8.8
9.6
6.1
3-5
2.84
.04
.02
.02
•03
i.o
o.s
OS
0.8
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
13
14
«S
16
«7
18
19
- 20
. 21
-i 22
-! 23
I
24
2S
26
27
28
O. II
2.8
•Incli. ig frost.
I
I
i ■(
I
Ml
il
lii.
i
J*
if
iiii
m
ii
1 1 1
1!
Illl
332 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
MARCH, 1882.
Table CXLI. — immnt, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, March, i88j.
Wiisliington mean lime. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49""
0-;^: + 8l°44' ;^:- -64045' = — 4>' igm
r'unvcrsiuns.
.....N.
J....NE.
3...-K-
4....Sli.
I
|5 ..
'7 --
18 ..
19 .-
20 ..
21 ..
22 ..
23 --
24
^5 --
25 ..
27 -
28 ..
29 -
30 --
3> --
Means
Total inches.
Date,
I
2
I
10
10
2
4
4
3
.S
5
4
s
S.
s.
S.
S.
6
s.
.s.
7 -
0
0
8 ^
3
4
9
2
2
10
3
6
II
10
S.
10
S.
>3 -
0
3
■4- —
0
I
I
10
10
10
7
10
o
2
4
2
o
6
o
4
o
10
4-9
Total millimeters
S-4
10 str.
4 sir.
6 ci. str.
10 nim.
■ o nim.
10 nim.
o
2 .str.
3 str.
10 str.
10 .str.
10 nim.
3 str.
1 str.
o
10 str.
2 cum., 7 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
o
2 cum., 3 str.
2 sir.
o
I str.
4 str.
1 str.
6 str.
2 str.
10 str.
5-8
10
3
S
S.
.S.
S.
I
2
3
10
10
S.
3
2
o
10
10
10
10
9
10
o
6
I
I
o
S
I
8
3
9
5.9
9
10
3
2
2
10
10
10
10
10
10
o
3
I
I
o
7
o
10
3
9
S
10 mm.
2 cir., 3 str.
8 str.
S. I lo nim.
9 10 .str.
6.0 e.'O
T""T
10 mm.
2 str.
8 str.
3 cum.,
5 cum.,
3 str.
3 str.
10 mm.
10 nim.
4 cum., I str.
3 cum.
2 ci. str.
10 str.
3 cir., 6 sir.
I cum., 2 str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
o
10 nim.
o
I str.
o
6 str.
I str.
10 str.
3 str.
6 ci. sir., I str.
6.2
10
10
\
S
8
iO
4
10
4
6.2
5-8
S^
10 str.
4 str.
7 str.
10 str.
o
10 nim.
6 str.
10 nim.
o
6 cum., 2 str.
10 nim.
4 cum., 4 str.
2 str.
2 ci. str.
o
6 cum.
3 cum., 6 str.
9 str.
7 ci. str., 2 str.
10 nim.
2 cum., 6 str.
2 str.
5 str.
4 str.
6 str.
I cir.
3 str.
o
4 str.
8 str.
o
S-4
Noon.
S.
10
o
S.
8
.S.
o
8
S.
8
I
I
o
S
7
9
8
5-2
1
2
10
10
5
S.
s
6
10
10
4
10
S.
S.
S.
s.
S.
s.
0
s.
4
S.
s.
s.
6
4
I
2
0
0
0
0
6
6
7
S.
7
6
S
0
10
10
S
I
0
0
8
o
3
I
4
o
o
10
o
S3
S'
THE LADY TliAUKUii UAV EXPEDITION.
333
3..-.E.
4....SE.
11. I
2
O lO
10
t l
S
6
O lO
lO
o 4
lO
,. S.
8 S.
.. S.
S.
S.
s.
0 o
8 S.
4
S.
.. S.
8 6
I I
S.
4
2
I o
O
0 o
o
5 6
7 7
9 7
8 6
6
S.
s
o
lO
lO
; 5
> o
i 8
) 0
o
9
o
J 3
a
I
I
! 4
) o
3
o
1 o
o
» 10
) o
9
o
5-3
5'
lo sir.
2 str.
10 nim.
lo sir.
lo nim.
ID nim.
5 nim.
lo nim.
8str.
lo nim.
ID nim.
3str.
2 str.
o
o
2 cum., 5 str.
ID nim.
o
1 str.
lo str.
4 cu. .sir.
2 cum., 4 str.
8 str.
o
3 str.
3 ci. str.
5 cu. str.
o
o
lo str.
o
55
o i
n I
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
MARCH, 1883.
Table CXLI. — Amount, kind, and direction 0/ clouds and amount 0/ precipitation, March, 1882.
Washington mean time. Kcduco Id lucal mean lime liy adding 49"'
^^ + 81" 44' X —64° 45' — 4I' 19'"
4 I 5
10
2
s.
s.
3
2
10
3
4
6
o
4
3
4
o
I
10
o
S-4
10
o
S.
10
s.
s.
s.
8
9
10
3
.S.
4
3
10
4
4
4
o
3
3
4
o
I
10
o
5-5
10
o
S.
S.
s.
s.
7
8
10
2
o
10
I
4
6
.S.
3
4
10
3
4
3
I
o
3
3
o
I
lU
o
S-3
3 str.
10 str.
o
10 nim,
10 nim.
10 nim.
Sstr.
2 cum.
4 str.
10 str.
o
10 Mini.
o
6 cir.,4 str.
o
o
10 str.
10 nim.
3 sir.
1 cum., 3 str.
10 str.
3 cu. str.
6 str.
2 cum., I str.
2 sir.
o
2 ci. sir.
I cum.
o
o
10 str.
o
8
0
10
0
0
0
S.
0
s.
0
s.
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
9
0
0
0
7
0
0
0
2
0
I
:■
0
4.8
0
10
0
0
10
6
0
0
5
9
0
0
4
6
0
0
4
2
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
-10
0
0
4-3
10
o
S.
S.
s.
o
2
2
2
10
o
I
I
o
7
10
S
5
10
3
3
S
3
o
3
o
o
o
10
5
o
5
s.
,s.
o
3
4
4
10
4
10
4
S
10
o
4
S
3
o
2
o
2
O
10
o
4-3
39
Sstr.
4 ci. .str.
5 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
o
3 str.
4 str.
o
10 sir.
10 nim.
o
I cir.
o
o
4 cir., 6 sir.
10 sir.
4 sir.
4 .sir.
10 .str.
2 cum., 3 str.
3 cum.
1 str.
o
2 ci. str.
o
2 ci. str.
o
10 str.
o
Mid-
niglil.
o S
o 4
o 8
4.0
S.
S.
o
3
2
o
10
S.
o
o
o
o
10
to
7
6
10
o
3
4
S
o
2
o
10
o
4.2
Dai!,
9-4
30
7-7
9S
8.2
7.8
4-4
6.0
4.1
7-S
9.9
55
30
1. 1
o.s
6.8
95
6.4
6.6
97
'i'i
2.0
S-2
I. 2
1.8
Melted snow. I
Inches.
.01
Milli ^
meters.' q
5.0
•03
•03
. CI
.02
.09
•03
•03
O. 2
0.8
0.8
O. 2
OS
. - *
O. 2
2-3
0.8
0.8
0.28
7.0
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
»3
«4
iS
•16
•7
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
• ln»ppreciablc.
I :1
\\tm%
334 THE LADY FHANKLIN RAY EXPEDITION.
APRII,, 1882.
Table CXLll. — AinounI, kiml,iind dirtctwn of cloitih and amount of precipitation, April, 1882.
\Vashingt( n mean time. Kcdiicc tn local mean time by adding 491"
<i = +8l=44' X = — 64=45' =-4!' 19"'
('onversions.
.,N.
..NE.
. K.
..SE.
Date.
I
3
3
4
s
6
7
8
9
10
II
Noon.
■
3
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
0
1
1 sir.
0
0
0
■S
0
.s
0
3
0
1 .str.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1 cir.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
4 --
I
I
1 ci..sli.
0
6
3
2 ci. str.
0
3
10
10
5 ci. str.
0
4
3
3
s
10
S.
10 mm.
0
.s.
S.
S.
10 mm.
0
S.
S
S.
10 nim.
svv.
7
6
7
6
I
2
2
4
2 sir,
2 cir.
0
0
2
3
2
s
6
I str.
1 ci. str.
0
3
2
2
s
2
4
s
I cir.
6 cir.
s
7
2
9
8
10
7
0
7
8
10
10
10 str.
0
9
10
S.
10 nim.
0
.s.
10
10
10 .str.
0
10
10
10
9 -
io
10
10 str.
0
10
8
3
I sir.
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
2
S
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
I
0
II .. _
3
11.
0
7
2
10
0
6 cii.slr,
10 .str.
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
10
0
5 cum.
0
10 str.
0
3
d
0
0
10
0
10
0
6
0
9
5
0
7
2
2 cum.
0
1 cir.
2 cir.
7
0
7
0
0
0
2
I
0
0
I
0
0
I
0
12
ij
14 -
'5
I
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4 cir.
0
0
0
0
16
6
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
17 ---
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
4
5 cu.str.
0
5
9
9
i,<;
S.
S.
2 cir., 5 nim.
0
S.
S.
S.
\ ci. str.
0
.s.
S
7
10 nim.
0
S.
S.
.S.
19 -
s
s.
10 mm.
0
s.
s.
s.
10 mm.
C/
s.
s.
s.
10 mm.
0
S.
s.
s.
20
;•».
>■ ,
4 sir.
0
7
s.
s.
10 mm.
c>
s.
s.
s.
! str.
0
2
2
2
21 .-
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o|
22 .
10
10
0
s.
s.
9
0
s.
10 sir.
10 .str.
2 ci. str.
10 Tiim.
0
0
0
0
10
10
4
S.
10
10
8
s.
10
10
10
s
10 str.
5 ci. str., 3 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
s.
3
10
S.
10
3
10
3
10
0
ID
4
10 mm.
0
ID str.
Sci.str.
0
0
0
0
S.
0
10
6
H.
0
10
3
S.
0
8
I
23
24
25
26
I
0
0
0
0
I
0
0
0
r
I cir.
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
I
I
0
0
0
2
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3ci.cu.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
3 cum.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
5
0
0
0
0
2
27
28
2Q -.
30
Mca:is
Total inches
3-6
4.0
J- 7
4.1
4.6
4.2
>S
3.8
3-7
3-7
35
3-3
3-4
3.2
----
Total millimeters
!
1
I'i^'Hi'l
iii
THE LADY FUANKLIN UAY EXPEDITION.
335
Conversions.
. . . N.
...NE.
K.
.SE.
Noon.
o , o
0 0
o o ; o o
00,00
,? 4 1 3 .1
V-i 7
6
7
S 2
8
7
7 9
10
0
0 10
10
10
0 I
3
S
0 I
•1 °l
7 I I 0
Do 0
0
70 0
I
3 2 I
0
5 0 0
0
> 0 1 0
2
> 5
<)
9
S.
S.
s.
S.
s.
s.
2
2
2
0
0
"!
1 s.
.s.
s.
0
0 0
10
10 s
6
3
I
1 °
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
S
5
2
3-3
3-4
3-2
~
APRIL, i88j.
Table CXLII. — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, April, 1882.
Washington mean time. Keducc to local mean lime by a<liling 49"'
^ = + 81° 44'
o
o
o
7 cir.
5 cir.
10 cir.
7 cir.
10 str.
4 cir.
I cir.
3 cum.
o
I cir.
1 cir.
o
o
8 ci.cu.
4 ci.str.,4 str.
10 nim.
2 ci.str.
I cir.
10 str.
o
10 str.
I ci. .str.
8 cum.
o
o
o
8 str.
3-8
o
o
o
5
2
9
7
10
3
o
3
o
o
I
o
o
8
8
S.
I
10
10
o
10
2 I
8
o
o
o
9
J- 9
o
o
o
10
4
8
7
10
2 I
°l
3 i
o
o I
1 1
3 !
10
9
o
S.
2
o
o
o
o
6
3-8
o
o
o
10
3
7
6
10
2
o
I£.
o
I
6
0
0
10
10
8
.S.
S.
H.
'
«
10
9
o
.S.
I
o
o
o
o
5
3-8
o
o
o
10 str.
2 cu.str.
5 !>tr.
5 ci. str.
ID Str.
o
o
4 cu. str.
IIa/.e.
o
2 cir.
5 cir.
I cir.
Scir.(3),3str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
o
10 str.
8 ci. cu.
o
10 nim.
o
o
o
o
o
I cir., 6 str.
3-6
o
o
o
10
3
3
7
10
o
o
4
H.
o
2
7
2
7
.S.
S.
10
6
o
S.
o
o
o
o
o
9
3.7
64° 45' = -4" 15
H.
o
3
7
2
7
S.
S.
2
10
6
3
S.
o
o
o
o
o
10
H.
o
2
9
o
S.
S.
s.
o
10
5
4
S.
o
o
o
o
o
10
3-9 4«
6 cu. btr.
Ila/.e.
o
I cir.
6 cir. (6), 2 str.
o
3 cir.{6),6nim.
10 nim.
10 str.
o
o
o
o
o
10 str.
Mid- ! Daily
ni|;ht. ' means.
10 str. o
5 ci. cu.(2), I str. o
3 cir. S
10 nim. o
1 cir. o
o
o
2
4
2
o
10
10
o
6
3
11.
o
2
8
o
S.
.S.
.s.
o
10
6
2
.S.
I
o
o
o
o
10
3-9
3-9
0.0
0.0
i.o
5-2
6.7
3-7
6.0
10. o
30
0.6
4.9
O. I
37
1.0
2.4
0.6
S.2
9.0
10. o
4.8
3-8
9.0
35
8.4
4.6
1.0
o. I
0.0
0.0
4-7
Melted snow.
Milli
Indies,
meters
.07
3-77
.01
.01
*
1.8
0.5
1.8
o-S
o. 2
O. 2
4.8
a
7
8
9
10
II
12
'3
«4
16
«7
18
•9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
u
p
i r ii
i
'%
ill'
mi
* inappreciable.
ill
ji
ill
i j
.1
336 THE LADY riJANKUN HAY liXFliUITlON.
MAY, 1882.
'1'abi.e CXLUl,—.4m<wnf, kind, ami direction 0/ clouds and amount of Jordpitalion, May, 1882.
Washington mean tiiiiu. Kcilucv to local mean lime by adding 49'" '
V> : f 8 1 » 44' ?. = - 64'' 4S' - — 4'' 19'"
C iinvcrsionH.
I....N.
.....NE.
3....K,
4....SE.
Dalf.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
"
Noon.
t
2
1 . .
3
S
s.
9
9
3
4
4
3 cir., 6 str.
4 cum., 5 btr.
3 cir. cu.
3 cir. str.
2 cir., fog.
0
0
4
6
0
9
9
4
6
F.
10
9
4
3
V.
9
7
S
2
3
5 ci. cu., 3 str.
S cir. (2)', 2 str.
4 cum.
4 ci, cu,
0
0
0
6
6
0
8
6
3
2
1
4
6
4
0
I
7
S
5
0
0
8 str.
6 ci'.str.
2 cu.slr.
1 cir.
0
0
S.
sw.
0
0
8
7
4
1
0
7
9
2
I
0
6
9
2
1
1
2
■\ ..
4
5 -
6
7
8
lo
I
8
S.
2
8
2
S.
H.
9
3
3
8
S.
3
9
s:
s.
8
3
8 cir.
5 cum,, J str.
10 nim.
5 oi. cu.
10 nim.
4 ci. cu.
10 nim.
10 nim.
2 cum., 5 str.
4 cir.
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
2
6
S.
8
S.
5
s.
s.
8
7
4
7
S.
10
s.
8
S.
s.
9
8
7
6
S.
10
s
10
s.
10
10
8
7 cir.
6 cir. cu.
4 cum., r> nim.
1 cum., 9 str.
5 cum., 2 sir.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
6 ci. cu., 3 str.
8 ci. cu.
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
10
10
9
10
S.
S.
.s.
9
10
3
10
10
7
7
S.
.S.
s.
8
9
I
10
7
4
5
.S.
.s.
s.
s
9
1 cu. .str.
10 sir.
5 cum.
3 sir.
1 cum.
10 mm,
10 nim.
10 nim.
0
6 cir.itr., 3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
str. 0
0
10
9
4
1
S.
s.
s.
0
10
0
10
10
4
0
S.
s.
s.
0
10
0
10
10
I
S.
s.
s.
0
10
12
'3
«4 - - ----
«S -
16 ..
17
S.
10
10
6
6
S.
10
10
3
7
lo nim.
10 scr.
S cum. (8), 5 str.
t cum.
2 cum.
0
0
0
0
0
S.
10
9
1
0
S.
10
10
I
0
.S.
10
10
2
0
10 nim.
10 str.
10 cum.
1 cu. str.
0
0
0
0
0
0
.s.
10
10
2
0
S.
lO
9
0
s.
10
9
I
0
10 nim.
10 str.
9 cum.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
s.
10
8
0
0
s.
10
10
I
0
s.
!0
10
1
0
iS
19
20
21 _
2
9
10
10
10
4
9
10
8
10
4 cu. .'ilr.
10 sir.
10 sir.
6 ci. cu. (2), 2 str
10 sir.
0
0
0
0
0
S
10
s.
10
10
6
10
.S.
9
10
2
10
s.
0
10
I cum.
10 -str.
4 cir. (1), 2 str.
0
10 .str.
0
0
0
0
0
I
8
9
0
10
5
9
10
0
7
9
10
I cum.
4 .sir.
5 cum. (5).
0
10 str.
0
0
3 str. 0
0
0
0
7
9
0
10
0
6
7
I
10
0
4
8
I
10
22
23 -- -
24
25
26
27
0
10
10
10
S.
0
10
10
9
S.
0
6 cir., 3 str.
5 cum., 3 str.
5 cir., 3 .str.
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
3
I
8
3
8
S.
3
10
2
7
S.
2
10
3
7
S.
4 cir.
10 .str.
2 cum.
5 cir. (8), I str.
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
0
4
10
3
7
S.
3
10
4
7
S.
I
10
3
6
S.
0
10 str.
3 cum.
5 ci.str.
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
3
5
S.
0
10
4
10
4
6
S.
28.::
29
30 --
31
10
S.
10 nim.
0
S.
S.
8
8 cum.
8
6
S
4
5 cum.
4
S
4
4
Means
7-5
7-3
6.9
7-4
7.7
6.9
6.7
6.8
6-3
5.8
5-3
s-s
s.s
S-S
Total inches
1
■""1
Total millimeters
1
...
1
>•■■
TMK LADY PRANKIJK BAY KXPKDITION.
337
o
s.
w.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Nonll.
f
8
7
7
y
4
2
I
I
o
O
o
o
lo
lo
y
4
I
s.
s.
s.
o
10
s.
lo
8
o
o
7
9
o
lO
o
lo
3
S
s.
lo
4
o
S.
S.
s.
o
lo
S.
lo
lO
I
o
o
6
7
I
10
o
lo
4
S
S.
S-5 S-S
(,
y
2
I
I
O
lO
to
I
I
s.
S.
S.
o
lo
S.
!0
lo
I
O
O
4
a
I
lo
4
5.5
ConveniniM.
J:::
sw.
I ...w,
I... N>
4 cu. 8tr.
lo str.
2 cum.
o
I ci.cii.
o
lostr.
10 nim.
1 cum.
2 cu. sir.
lo nim.
lo nim.
lo nim.
o
5 ci. str,, 5 .str.
lo nim.
lo str.
9 cum.
o
o
o
lo str.
9 str.
1 cir., 2 str.
2 cum., 7 str.
2 cum.
lo str.
4 cum.
6 cu. str.
lo nim.
9 cum. str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
N\V.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
5-8
MAY, 1882.
Tahi-k CXLIJI. — tmnuiit, kindy and directioti of clouds and amounl of f<rfcipitatioii^ ''/<'.»'» 1881,
Wasiiington mean time. Reduce to local mean time liy adding 49'"
^ --f-8i<'44' A — 64045' —4I 19"'
2
7
I
I
o
o
S.
S.
I
2
s.
s.
s.
o
10
s.
10
10
o
o
o
s. :
9
2
8
I
10
6
6
.S.
S.6
8
I
2
S.
S.
s.
2
10
s.
10
10
o
o
2
.s.
5
8
6
2
S.
9
10
S.
6.0
7
I
3
S.
10
S.
2
10
s.
10
10
2
o
2
2
s
3
S.
10
10
S.
S-9
5 cir. (5), 2 str. o
4 str. o
o o
4 str. o
I cir., 5 sir. o
I cum., 6 nim. o
10 str. o
I cum. o
6 cu. str. o
10 mm.
10 str.
10 nim.
2 cir.
10 cu. str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 cum.
2 cir.
o
3 cir.
10 nim.
2 str.
6 cum.
2 cir.
4 cir.
10 nim.
4 cir., 6 str.
10 .sir.
10 nim.
9 str.
o
o
o
o
NK."
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
SE.
o
E.
o
6.S
10
10
4
8
0
0
4
4
0
0
8
7
10
4
y
s.
10
s.
' 2
10
s.
10
10
I
o
X
7
2
10
S
5
10
10
S.
s.
6.8
7
3
y
y
x
s.
s.
s.
4
10
10
10
10
o
o
7
10
4
10
4
5
10
10
S.
S.
10
7-2
9
8
o
3
o
8
6
3
5
8
.S.
.s.
9
3
10
10
10
7
9
S.
3
10
3
7
10
10
S.
10
II
2 cum., 7 .str.
2 cir. (5), 4 sir.
o
8 str.
o
8 ci.slr.
6 cum.
I str.
7 ci. sir.
6 cu. str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
2
E.
o
o
6.8
10 nun. o
10 nim. o
4 ci. cu. (5), .jstr. o
4 cir. 8
10 nim. NE.«
Mid-
night.
10 .sir.
10 cum.
10 cum.
4 cir.
I cir.
10 cir.
10 nim.
6 cir., I str.
10 .str.
o
7 cir.
10 str.
7 cir., 3 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
4 cir., 3 str.
o
o
8
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
s.
o
E.
o
9
4
o
II.
8
S.
I
s.
3
S.
S.
7
4
S.
10
10
7
6
10
10
10
10
o
9
10
10
S.
10
Melted hiiow. !
Daily
Means.
Inches
75
7.0
3. 3
2S
1.8
35
8.4
«.3
4.9
S.6
8.8
10. o
9-7
4-4
8.7
10.0
10.0
y.s
'S
0.7
30
8.7
7-4
S«
7.6
2.7
9-9
6.3
7.8
10. o
.Oll>
. - ll
. — '1
.04
•OS
.04
1j
_ b
b
b
.04
.04
7.6 .01
7.0
6.9 6. 70I
0.23
. — ''
b
1.0
'•3
i.o
r:
I. o
1.0
5-7
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 22
• Rapidly.
'Inappreciable.
II
12
'3
14
'5
16
• 7
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3'
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338
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
I
Ml
JUNE, 1882.
Taih.e CXLIV. — Amount, kind, ami direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, yune, 1882.
Washington mean time. Kcchioe In local mean time by addini; 49™
0= 181044' X=-640 45'=r-4h 1911.
Converaiona.
I. . N.
9....NE.
3 . E.
4....SE.
:l I
I .! 11;
Date.
1
2
3
4
5
b
7
8
9
10
II
Noun.
2
,
4
3
0
0
I
I
I
I cir.
0
2
2
b
7 cum.
0
3
,
1
2
b
7
Scir.
0
4
b
S
5 cum.
0
7
7
b
4 ci. str.
0
4
S
3
3
I
I
2 cir.
0
4
4
S
4 ci. str.
0
b
2
2
3 CI. str.
0
4
4
3
4
10
10
10 str.
0
8
7
9
10 str.
0
10
10
lO
10 str.
0
10
10
10
s
,
2
.5 cum.
3
3
3
2
J cum.
2
4
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
6
4
b
5 ci. str.
0
4
b
10
10 .str.
0
10
10
10
10 str.
0
10
lO
10
7 -
7
5
2 cir.
0
I
I
0
0
0
0
I
1
I cum.
0
1
I
2
8
5
4
3 cum.
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
4
4
5 cir.
I
4
4
^
2 cir.
0
2
0
I
1 cir.
0
I
I
1
10
3
3
4 cir.
0
3
2
S
6 ci.cu.
0
4
4
7
3 ci. cu. (3), 3
str. 0
b
4
S
II .-
10
10
9 cu. str.
0
9
10
9
3 cum.
0
I
I
I
0
0
0
I
0
12 ..
10
10
10 cum.
0
10
10
10
10 cu. str.
0
10
10
10
10 mm.
0
S.
S.
s.
13
S.
10
10 str.
0
10
10
10
10 str.
0
10
10
10
10 cu. str.
0
10
10
7
•4
.S.
S.
10 mm.
0
R.
R.
R.
10 mm..
0
k.
K.
R.
10 mm.
0
R.
R.
R.
IS -
s.
S.
10 nim.
0
S.
S.
S.
10 nim.
0
10
10
S.
10 nim.
0
S.
S.
S.
16
s.
s.
10 mm.
0
S.
S.
R.
10 cu. str.
0
10
10
s.
10 mm.
0
S.
s.
10
17
s.
s.
10 mm.
0
s.
s.
S.
10 mm.
0
S.
S.
.s.
10 nim.
0
s.
s.
s.
18
s.
s.
10 mm.
0
s.
s.
10
10 str.
0
10
10
10
10 str.
0
10
10
s.
19....
9
9
b ci. str.
0
4
b
4
4 ci. str.
0
7
8
10
4 cum., 5 str.
0
10
9
9
20 .-
10
9
10 str.
S.
8
9
9
10 cu. str.
sw.
10
10
10
10 cu. str.
S.
7
10
10
21
10
s
9
10
4
10
10 ci.cu.
7 ci. str.
10 ci. str.
0
0
0
9
b
10
9
10
8
7
10 cu. str.
7 ci.cu.
5 cir.
w.
b
0
10
8
S
7
8
b
10
scir. (7), 4 cu
10 cu. str.
10 str.
str.o
SW.
0
10
10
R.
b
10
R.
7
10
R.
ti
n
24 —
10
10
4 cu. str.
0
10
10
10
10 cu.str.
0
10
10
10
8 cum.
6
b
b
8
25
10
10
10 ci. str.
0
10
9
9
4 cir.
0
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
26
I
2
1 cir.
0
I
2
2
1 cir.
0
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
27 --
4
5
scir.
6
6
6
4
0
0
I
I
2
4 ci. cu.
5
9
S
3
28
.S
4
6 cum.
0
3
3
4
b ci.cu.
0
I
I
2
3 cir.
7
4
4
7
»9
s
5
2 cum.
5
S
b
b
2 cir.
0
b
4
3
3 cir.
b
3
3
2
30
Means..
Total inches
4
4
scir.
0
4
3
3
I cum.
0
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.9
b.9
6.7
6.3
6.S
6.5
5-9
S-9
5.6
5-9
S-9
S9
$■7
S-6
Total millimeters
---_ .-i-._-
i
\
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
339
('onversionii.
9..
. N.
..NE.
3. E.
4....SE.
— -
Noon.
tr. o 6
o ! o
3 I
4 S
4 4
■ o I 10
S.
10
R.
S.
s.
s.
10
10
7
10
0
0
10
10
I
1
0
0
I
1
I
3
3
10
o
10
2
o
I
S
o
S.
7
R.
S.
10
s.
s.
9
10
7
w.
0
6
10
R.
6
10
R.
6
10
R.
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
S
7
6
9
4
S
4
3
3
7
2
0 0
0
0
1 5.9
5-7
S-6
...i L-
1 1
— -
Cnnvenilona.
5....S. '7....W.
6....SW. 8,...NW.
JUNE, 1882.
Table CXLIV. — Amount, kind, and direcliou of clouds and amount of precipitation, yune, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
^= + 81° 44' A= -640 45' = - 4" 19"'
o
o
6 ci. str.
4 cum., 5 str.
o
Dense fog.
2 cum.
o
2 cir.
4 Ck. cu., 2 str. o
2 cir. o
10 nim. o
8 cir. (8^,2cu. str. o
4 cum. (6), 5 str. o
10 mm.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
I cum., 9 str.
10 cu. str.
8 cir. (7), 2 str.
5 cir., 5 cu. str.
10 nim.
4 cum.
o
o
3 ci. cu.
4 cum.
5 cum.
o
o
o
o
o
S.
o
o
o
5
3
o
3
6
3
S.
10
9
S.
9
S.
S.
10
10
10
10
R.
2
0
0
0
I
s
2
7
4
6
2
5-7
5.6
F.
8
o
2
8
3
S.
10
8
S.
10
S.
s.
10
7
4
10
54
K.
o o
oi o
8 j 8 ci. str.
4 I 2 cum .
o
Dense fog.
9 cum.
o
5 ci. str.
8 cum.
10 cum.
7
9
10
R.
3
o
o
I
3
10
10 str.
10
10 cu.str
10
10 str.
S.
10 nim.
10
10 str.
s.
10 mm.
s.
10 mm.
ID
10 str.
10 cu. str.
10 cum.
10 cu. str.
10 nim.
8 cum.
o
o
o
I cum.
t cum.
o
o
o
3
o
o
I
o
o
8
o
o
o
o
o
NE.
o
o
o
SW.
7
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
S.8
6.1
o
o
10
I
I
K.
10
o
3
9
10
10
10
10
S.
S.
10
10
8
10
R.
10
o
o
o
4
I
6.2
a 4
o I o
10 10
I
2
F.
10
o
9
10
10
10
S.
s.
10
s.
s.
10
10
10
10
3
K.
10
o
I
9
10
S.
10
.s.
s.
10
.s.
s.
10
ID
10
10
3 cir.
o
10 ci. str.
1 cum.
4 ci. str.
2 cum.
10 cum.
1 cir.
2 cum.
9 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
5 ci. str.
10 cu. str.
10 nim.
10 str.
o
3 cir.
2 cum.
5 cum.
6 ci.str.
j Rainfall.
Mid- i Daily
night, jmeans. MilH' ^
Inches. ', I S
, meters.' jjj
6. 7 6. 8
2
o
10
o
4
3
8
I
4
9 S9
10 5.8
S. i 10. o
10
S.
.s.
.s.
s.
8
10
10
s
8
9.9
9.8
10. o
9.9
10. o
9.9
8.S
9-4
8.6
8.5
9-3
8.2
2.6
I. o
30
3.f>
3.7
6.4
6. I 61
.04
10
II
12
«3
14
•S
16
• 7
18
«9
20
21
I «
i.o ,23
•-• 24
07
2-5
08
2.0
02
O.S
03
0.8
02
0. s
»
»
o. 26
7.3
25
26
27
28
29
30
* Inappreciable,
840
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
i !
i
:!!
,! 1;
JULY, 1882.
(LV. — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of frecipitation, yuly, 1882.
Washingtuii mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49™
« = + 8i<'44' X:^ - 64° 45' = -4'' 19"'
Table C3
Conversions.
1... N.
.....NE.
3....E.
4....SE.
Date.
1 a. m. 1 2 a. m
SW.
0
0
0
0
0
0
SW.
SW.
0
0
0
0
0
0
SW.
s.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
str. 0
w.
, 5 "tr.
S.
K.
E.
0
3 a.m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a.
m.
I
8 cir. SW. 6 cir.
6 ci.cu.
10 .str.
10 str.
8 str.
0
0
10 str.
10 sir.
8 str.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 cu. .sir.
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 .str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 .sir.
to nim.
3 ci. cu. (7)
10 nim.
10 str.
10 cu sir.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 cum.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SW.
SW.
s.
0
0
0
0
0
SW.
s.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7 sir.
w.
SW.
s.
K.
0
0
5 ci.cu.
10 str.
10 .sir.
8 str.
0
0
10 str.
10 .str.
8 sir.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 sir.
10 str.
Fog.
10 str.
9 cum.
10 nim.
9 cu. str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 sir.
10 cu. sir.
10 str.
10 nim.
5 cum.
W.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SW.
0
0
0
0
0
0
SW.
S.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SW.
s.
s.
0
0
0
Scir.
10 str.
10 .str.
6 str.
0
0
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 .sir.
9 cum.
Fog.
10 str.
10 cu. str.
10 str.
9 cu. str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 sir.
4cir.(6),6cu
10 str.
10 cu. str.
10 str.
ID str.
3 cir.
W.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
SW.
0
0
0
0
0
0
.SW.
SW.
0
0
0
0
0
0
' 0
0
..str.S.
S.
S.
0
SE.
0
5 ci. cu. NW.
10 str. 0
10 .sir. 0
S str. 0
0 0
0 0
5 cum. 0
10 str. 0
10 str. SW.
10 str. 0
10 nim. 0
8 str. 0
10 str. 0
10 nim. 0
10 nim. SE.
10 str, SW.
10 cum. SW.
Fog. 0
10 cu. str. 0
10 str. 0
10 str. 0
9 cu. str. 0
10 str. 0
io nim. 0
locu.str. W.
3 cir. (6), 7 cu. str.
10 str. .SW.
locu.str. SE.
10 cu. str. E.
8 cum. W.
7 cir. 0
2
3
4
5
6
7
10 str. 0
10 str. 0
10 sir. 0
0 0
0 0
10 str. 0
10 .str,
ID str.
ID str.
0
0
10 str.
8
9 -
lO ..
II
10 str. .SW. j io .'■tr.
10 iiim. SW. 10 str.
10 >lr. 0 1 10 .sir.
10 str. 0 10 nim.
12 .
10 str. 0
10 str. 0
10 nim. 0
10 sir. 0
10 sir. SW.
ID str.
10 .str.
ID nim.
loci, str.'
10 str.
It
«4 --
IC
i6
17 . ..
locu.str. 0
Fog. 0
10 nim. 0
icstr. 0
10 str. 0
10 sir. 0
losir. 0
10 nim. 0
,5cir.(7),7str. 0
10 sir. W.
10 inim. SW.
locu.str. S.
10 str. 0
10 str. 0
locum. 0
10 str.
Fog.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 .sir.
10 nim.
5 cir. (7), 5
iO sir.
5 cum. SW
10 cu. sir.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 cum.
i8
«9
20
21
22
23 -
24
25
26
27
28
29
3° ---
3«
Means
Total
9-3 9-2
1
1 9-2
8.8
8.7
8
6
- -
i
Date.
I p. m.
2 p.m.
3 p.m.
4p. m.
Sp.m.
6p
m.
I
2
10 cum. E.
10 str. 0
10 str. 0
0 0
0 0
1 cir. 0
10 cu. str. 0
6 cum. 0
Fog. 0
10 nim. 0
10 nim. 0
9 cir., I cu. 0
7 cum. 0
10 nim. 0
9 cu. str. 0
10 str. 0
10 cu. 0
ID cu. str. 0
2 cum. 0
4 ci., 5 cum. 0
10 cum. 0
locum. 0
10 nim. 0
5 cum. 0
4 cum. 0
5 cum. 0
10 str. 0
10 str. 0
10 nim. 0
Scum. 0
5 cir. 0 j
10 nim.
10 str.
ID str.
0
0
1 cir.
10 cu. str.
3 sir., 4 cur
Fog.
10 nim.
10 nim.
3 cir., 5 cu.
3 ci.. S str.
10 n;.n.
9 cum.
10 str.
10 cu.
10 str.
2 cum.
8 cum.
locum.
8 ci. str.
10 nim.
5 cum.
4 cum.
8 cum.
10 str.
6 cu. str.
10 nim.
9 cu. str.
4 cir.
E.
0
0
0
0
0
0
n. 0
0
10 nim,
10 sir.
10 str.
0
0
2 cir.
10 cu. .sir.
4 cum.
10 str.
K.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
sir 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
r. 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10 nim.
10 sir.
10 sir.
0
0
3 ci.cu.
ID sir.
7 cum.
8 cum.
10 cu. str.
10 nim.
10 ci. cu.
10 cu. str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 .str.
10 cum.
10 str.
4 cum.
8 cum.
10 sir.
10 cum.
10 str.
ID sir.
5 cum.
4 cum.
10 str.
9 cum.
to sir.
8 cum.
2 cir.
E.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
to nim.
10 St"-.
10 str.
0
0
5 ci. str.
10 str.
6 cum.
3 cum.
10 cu.str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
2 cum.
10 str.
10 cu. str.
10 str.
6 cum.
9 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
■ 0 sir.
8 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
7 cum.
I cir.
W.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10 nim.
10 sir.
10 str.
0
0
6 cu. str
9 cu. str
10 cu. str
4 cum.
10 cu.str
10 nim.
9 str.
10 nim.
to nim.
3 cum.
10 cu. str
8 cu. str
10 nim.
4cu.,s
9 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
ID sir.
10 nim.
9 cir. sti
8 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
8 cum,
0
E.
0
•J .
0
4
1::;:::::::;:
I::::;::::::::
0 .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
str. 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
lo
0 10 cu. str.
0 10 nim.
II
12
str. 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6 cir., 3 cu.
10 cu. str.
10 nim.
9 cum.
10 cu.str.
10 cu.
10 str.
10 ciim.
8 cum.
10 str.
8 ci. str.
10 .sir.
10 sir.
2 cum., 4 si
8 cum.
to str.
7 cum.
10 nim.
9 cum.
2 cir.
11
14
IC
16
'7 - ---
i8
IQ
20
21 .
22
2-1
24
2C
26:
27
28
20
30
3« -
Means.
7.8 7-6
8. 1
8.0
8.0
8
I
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
341
Conversions.
I... N.
3....E.
~'
1....NE.
4. ...SB
6a
m.
W. 5 ci. cu.
NW
o lo str.
o 10 str.
o 5 str.
o o
o o
o 5 cum.
0
o lo str.
0
W. 10 str.
SW.
o lo str.
0
o lo nim.
o
o 8 str.
o
o 10 str.
o
o lo nim.
o
o 10 nim.
SK.
W. lo sir,
.SW.
W. ID cum.
SW.
o Fog.
o
o 10 cu. str.
o
o 10 str.
o
o 10 str.
0
o 9 cu. str.
o
o ID str.
o
o ID nim.
o
o 10 cu. str.
W.
■S. jcir.(6).
7 cu. str.
S. lo sir.
.SW.
S. locu. str.
SE.
o locu.str.
E.
-• 8 cum.
W.
0 7 cir.
o
8.6
6 p. m.
- — . — ^.
lo nim.
E.
lo str.
0
lo str.
o
o
o
o
o
6 cu. str.
o
9 cu. str.
o
lo cu. str.
o
4 cum.
o
lo cu. str.
o
lo nim.
o
9 str.
o
lo nim.
0
lo nim.
o
3 cum.
0
to cu. str.
o
8 cu. str.
o
lo nim.
o
4 cu., 5 str.
o
9 cum.
o
lo str.
o
lo str.
o
lo str.
o
lo nim.
0
9 cir. str.
o
Scum.
o
lo str.
o
lo str.
o
lo nim.
o
Scum.
o
0
o
8.1
JULY, 1882.
Table CXLV. — /I mount, kind, and direction 0/ clouds and amount
0/ precipitation,
yufy, 1882.
Conversions.
I;!!!sw. I'.'.
Washmgton mean time.
Reduce to local mean time by
adding 49"'
..NW.
4 =
+ 81° 44'
X^-(,Ar°W
— 4" •9"'
7 a. m.
8 a. ni.
9 a. m.
10 a.
m. 1 1 a. m.
I
I
Noon.
Precipitation.
Date.
Inches.
mm.
6 cir.
o
7 cir.
0
5 cum.
0
8 cum.
0 locum.
0
locum. 0
.02
0.5
1
to str.
o
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0 10 str.
0
1 1 mm. 0
.01
0.2
2
lo str.
lo str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
10 str.
10 str.
0
10 str
0
10 str.
0 10 str.
0
10 str. 0
3
4
5
6
0
10 str.
0
1 cir.
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0 ( 0
0
0 0
3 cum.
to str.
o
o
3 cum.
10 str.
0
6 cum.
s.
10 cum.
S. 1 8 cum.
S.
10 cu. str. S.
7
8
0
10 nim.
0
10 niin.
0 10 nim.
s.
8 cum. SW.
.02
o.s
locum.
10 str.
10 str.
S.
Fog.
10 str.
s.
Fog.
10 str.
S. Fog.
0 10 cu. sir.
s.
Fog. S.
locH.sir. 0
9
10
o
0
0
0
.01
0.2
10 nim.
o
10 mm.
0
10 nun.
0
10 mm.
0 10 mm.
E.
10 nim. E.
.08
2.0
II
lo nim.
o
10 mm.
0
9 cu. str.
0
10 nim.
0 j 10 mm.
0
7cir. (7),3cu.str.
•03
O.S
12
lo str.
o
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 .str.
0 i 9 cum.
NW.
10 cum. NW.
. 12
30
«3
lo nim.
0
10 mm.
0
10 mm.
0
10 mm.
0 \ 10 nim.
0 1
10 mm. 0
.46
11.7
14
lo nim.
s.
10 mm.
S.
10 mm.
S.
10 mm.
S. 10 nim..
S. ,
10 nim. S.
.18
4.6
IS
■0 str.
SW.
10 str.
SW.
10 str.
SW.
10 mm.
SW. ' 10 nim.
0
10 cu. str. 0
.01
0. 2
16
9 cum.
SW.
10 cum.
SW.
10 cum.
0
10 cum.
SW. 10 str.
0
locum. 0
. »
._»
«7
ID str.
o
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
8 cum.
SW. ID cum.
SW.
10 cum. SW.
. _•
♦
18
10 cu. str.
o
10 cu. str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
SW. 9 str.
SW. 1
9 str. SW.
. »
. — •
'9
lo str.
o
10 str.
0
8 CI. str.
SE.
8 cum.
E.
8 cum.
K. I
S cum. E.
20
to str.
o
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
E.
10 cum.
K. ,
10 cum. E.
_ »
_ _»
21
9 cu. str.
10 str.
o
8 cu. str.
0
locum.
0
9 cum.
0
8 ci. str.
0
9 cum. 0
23
o
10 str.
0
10 nim.
0
10 nim.
0
10 .str.
0 1
10 nim. 0
.01
0. 2
23
lo str.
o
6 cum.
NW.
7 cum.
NW.
7 cum.
NW. 8 cum.
NW. !
S cum. 0
.04
1.0
24
locum.
SW
4cum. NW.
, 6 str.
6 cum.
0
7 cu. str.
4 cum.
0
3 cir. str., 3
4 cum.
cu. .sir.
3ci.str.,2cu.str.
2S
Scum.
SE.
5 cum.
W.
4 cum.
W.
SW. 1
SW.
5 cum. 0
«
. — •
26
lo str.
lo str.
0
SE.
10 str.
10 str.
0
SE.
10 str.
10 str.
0
SE.
10 str.
10 str.
0
SE.
10 str.
10 .str.
0
SE.
10 str. 0
10 .sir. SE.
27
28
»
. »
9 cum.
W.
8 cum.
NE.
9 cum.
0
10 cum.
0
locum.
0
10 str. 0
.02
0.5
29
8 cum.
W.
8 cum.
E.
7 cum.
E.
7 cum.
E.
7 cum.
NE.
7 cum. NE.
»
._»
3P
4 cir.
o
3 cir.
0
7 cir.
W.
9 cir.
0
8rir.
0
7 cir. 0
3«
8.6
8.3
8.3
8.
3 8.2
8.1
1
I.OI
2S-4
— r " " -
1
7 p.m.
8 p.m.
9 p.m.
10 p
m. 1 1 p. m
.
Midnight.
Daily means.
Date.
to nim.
E.
10 nim.
E.
10 str.
E.
10 cu. str.
E. 10 nim.
E.
10 nim. E.
8.4
I
lostr.
o
ID str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str. 0
10.0
2
10 str.
o
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str. 0
10.0
3
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
3*
4
o
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0.0
S
7 ci. str.
o
9 ci. str.
0
9 cu. str.
0
10 str.
0
3 ci. sir., 2 cu. str.
3 cum., 3 cu. str.
*-7
6
lo cu. str.
o
10 str.
0
9 cu. str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 cu. str. 0
8.9
7
Scum.
o
Scum.
0
Scum.
0
scum.
0
S cum., 3 str. 0
9 cu. str. 0
8.S
8
4 cu. str.
o
5 cu. str.
0
lo str.
c
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str. 0
8.8
9
lo str.
o
9 cu. str.
0
9 cu. str.
0
9 cu. str.
0
10 str.
0
10 mm. 0
9.9
10
lo mm.
o
10 mm.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 nim. 0
10.0
II
9 str.
o
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 cu. str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str. 0
9-7
12
lo nim.
o
10 nim.
0
10 mm.
0
10 mm.
0
10 mm.
0
10 mm. 0
9.8
«3
lonim.
o
10 mm.
0
10 nim.
0
10 mm.
0
10 mm.
0
10 nim. 0
10.0
14
5 ci. str.
o
6 cum.
0
6 cum.
0
S ci. sir.
0
6 cum.
0
7 cum. 0
8.2
• S
Scum.
o
9 cu. str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 sir.
0
10 nim. 0
8.9
16
4cu.
o
Fog.
0
Fog.
0
Fog.
0
Fog.
0
Fog. 0
9.6
«7
10 mm.
0
10 str.
0
10 nim.
0
10 nim.
0
10 str.
0
10 nim. 0
lO.O
iS
lo str.
o
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str. 0
8.8
>9
locu.str.
o
10 cu. str.
0
10 cu. str.
0
10 cu. str
0
10 str.
0
10 str. 0
9.1
20
lo str.
o
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str. 0
10. 0
21
lo str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
4 cu., 5 str.
0
6 cir., 4 str. 0
9-4
22
lo str.
o
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 nim.
0
10 str. 0
10.0
23
lo nim.
o
10 mm.
0
10 mm.
0
10 mm.
0
10 nim.
0
10 str. 0
8.9
24
lo ci. str.
o
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
to str.
0
10 str. 0
8.4
25
lo cu. str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str. 0
S.o
26
lostr.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 sir. 0
10. 0
27
10 str.
o
10 mm.
0
10 mm.
0
10 mm.
0
10 sir.
0
to sir. 0
9-7
28
lo str.
o
10 nim.
0
10 mm.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 str. 0
9.8
29
9 cum.
0
7 cum.
0
8 vu. str.
0
8 str.
0
Scum.
0
4 cum. 0
8.1
30
Scum.
o
5 cum.
0
7 cum.
0
7 cum.
0
3 cum.
0
2 cum. 0
5«
3>
8.4
8.6
8.9
8.
9
8.7
8.6
8.5
> Inappreciable.
342
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
n i^ \ %
• u
M I 'il
I i'l
1 ,U
AUGUST, 1882.
Table CXLVI. — Amount, kind, ami direction 0/ clouds and amount 0/ precipitation, August, i88a.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 491"
^= + 81044' i=-64°45' = — 4'' 19™
Uate.
I a. m.
j
I j I str.
2 10 sir.
3 lostr.
4 i loslr.
5.-.-. I cum.
6 _. 10 str.
7 , . loslr.
8 _ 4 cum. ,5. str.
9.. 10 str.
10 10 nim.
II - 10 str.
12 ._ 8 cir.
13 8 cir.
14 locum.
15 lo.str.
16 10 cu.str.
1^ ' locum.
18 I 10 str.
19 j locum.
20 10 nim.
21 I 9 cum.
22 ! 2 cir., 3 cum.
23 10 str.
24 .. .. 10 str.
25 10 str.
26.. 5 cum.
27 9 cum.
28 6 cum.
29 3 ci. str.
30 10 str.
31 10 cum.
o
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
2 cum,
10 nim.
10 str.
5 cum., 5 str.
9 str.
5 str.
10 nim.
5 cum.
8 cir.
9 cum.
9 cu. str.
9 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
9 cum.
10 str.
9 cum,
3 cir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
4 cum.
9 cum.
7 cum.
4 cum.
10 sir.
10 cum.
Means .
Total .
8.5
8-3
3 a. »>•
o
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
2 cum.
10 nim.
10 str.
5 cum., 5 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
4 cir.
8 cir.
10 cum.
9 cu. str.
8 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 cum.
10 str.
2 cir., 7 cum.
2 cii.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 cum.
4 cum.
9 cum.
9 cum.
5 cum.
10 nim.
10 cum.
4 a. m.
o
10 str.
10 .str.
10 str.
8 cum.
10 n-m.
9 sir.
10 str.
8 cum.
10 str.
10 nim.
3 cir.
8 cir.
10 cum.
10 cu.str.
6 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
2 cir., 8 cum.
10 str.
5 cir., 2 cum.
I cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
ic cum.
7 cum.
9 cum.
7 cum.
5 cum.
10 nim.
10 cum.
5 a. m.
4 cum.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 cum.
10 nim.
9 str.
9 str.
8 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
1 cir.
8 cir.
10 cum.
9 str.
7 cum.
5 cum.
10 str.
4 cir., 6 str.
8 str.
8 cir.
2 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 cum.
2 cum.
10 cum.
3 cum.
5 cu. str.
10 nim.
10 cum.
5 str.
8.4
8.3
8.3
Date.
I p. m.
9 cum.
2 _ . ! 10 str.
3 - - ' 10 cum.
4 — 4cir.,3cum.
5 . - I 6 cum.
6 . - \ 10 nim.
7 10 cum.
o cum.
10 cum.
to nim.
9 cum.
o
2 cir.
8 cu. str.
8 str.
4 cum.
10 nim.
10 str.
8 cum.
2 cum.
8 cir.
2 cir.
23 I 10 nmi.
24 10 str.
25 10 nim.
26 . ._ ._, I cir.
27 10 str.
28 I 3 cum.
29 ' 10 nim.
30 10 sir.
31 10 str.
2 p.m.
Means .
7.7
9 cum.
10 str.
10 cum.
9 ci. cu.
9 cum.
10 nim.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 nim.
7 cum.
o
5 cum.
8 cu. str.
3 str.
5 cum.
10 nim.
10 str.
8 cum.
3 cum.
6 cir.
5 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
ID nim.
4 cir.
10 str.
2 cum.
10 nim.
7 cum.
10 str.
79
3pm.
4 p.m.
9 cum.
to str.
to cum.
10 cir.
10 cum.
10 nim.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 nim.
7 cum.
o
5 cum.
8 cu. str.
9 cum.
6 cum.
10 str.
3 cum.
8 cum. '
3 cum.
S cir.
8 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
4 cir.
10 str.
3 cum.
10 nim.
7 cum.
10 str.
79
10 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 cir.
10 cum.
10 nim.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 nim.
2 cir., 3 cum.
o
5 cum.
8 cu. str.
10 cum.
9 cu. str.
10 str.
2 cum.
8 cum.
3 cum.
6 cir.
8 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
6 cir.
10 str.
7 cum.
10 nim.
7 cum.
10 str.
8.2
Sp.m.
10 cum.
ID str.
10 cum.
10 ci. str.
10 cum.
10 nim.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
2 cir., 3 cum.
I cir.
10 cum.
8 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
1 cum.
3 cum.
2 cum.
3 cir.
7 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
5 cir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
7 cum.
10 str.
8.1
0
10 mm.
10 str.
10 str.
10 cum.
10 str.
9 str.
9 str.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
I cir.
8 cir.
9 cum.
10 str.
8 cum.
10 .sir.
10 str.
3 cum., 7 str.
5 cum.
8 cir.
7 cir.
10 mm.
10 str.
10 cum.
I cum.
10 cum.
6 cum.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 .sir.
8.4
6 p.m.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 cum.
10 cu. str.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
2 cir., 3 cum.
I cir.
10 cum.
8 cu.str.
5 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
1 cum.
3 cum.
2 cum.
3 cir.
7 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
5 cir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
8 cum.
10 str.
8.0
THE LADY FRANKLIN RAY EXPEDITION.
343
, 1883.
AUGUST, 1882.
Table CXLVL — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, August, i88a.
Washington mean time. Keduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
^ = +81" 44' a = — 64">4S'= — 4'' 19'"
6 a. m.
o
10 nim.
10 .str.
10 str.
10 cum.
10 .str.
9 str.
9 sir.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
I cir.
8 cir.
9 cum.
10 str.
8 cum.
10 str.
10 sir.
3 cum., 7 str.
S cum.
8 cir.
7 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 cum.
I cum.
10 cum.
6 cum.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 .str.
8.4
6 p.m.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 cum.
10 cu. str.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
2 cir., scum.
1 1 cir.
cum.
cu.str.
cum.
str.
str.
cum.
cum.
cum.
cir.
cir.
nim.
Istr.
str.
jcir.
itr.
itr.
lim.
:um.
*fr.
8.0
7 a. m.
8 a.m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
Precipitation.
Date.
Inchii.
mm.
0
0
5 ci.cu.
9C1. cu.
8 ci. cu.
8 cum.
, »
•
I
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
.02
0.5
2
10 str.
10 str.
2 cir., I cum.
10 str.
10 str.
3 cum.
10 sir
10 sir.
10 str.
10 cum.
3
4
5
4 ci. cu., 5 str.
8 cum.
9 cum.
7 cum.
3 cir., 7 cum,
3 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
TO mm.
10 nim.
.06
IS
6
10 cu. str.
7 str.
10 str.
9 cu. str.
9 str.
7 cum.
9 cum.
8 cir. str.
8 cum.
7
1
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
S ci. cu.
4 cum.
7 cum.
8 cum.
•°l
'•3
9
10 str.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
.28
'•!
10
8 str.
7 cum.
7 cum.
9 cum.
9 cum.
10 cum.
. 22
S-6
II
I cir.
7 cir.
10 cum.
10 str.
0
0
0
0
12
8 cir
3 cir.
3 cir.
7 cu. str.
10 str.
0
1 cir.
"3
«4
IS
8 cum.
10 str.
9 cum.
10 .str.
8 cu. str.
10 str.
8 str.
8 cum.
10 str.
8 cum.
5 cum.
10 str.
4 cum.
10 nim.
3 str.
10 mm.
3 ci. str.
10 nim.
16
10 cum.
. 10
2.5
'7
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
.01
0.3
18
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
8 cum.
10 cu. str.
>9
8 cum.
10 cum.
8 cum.
3 cum.
2 cum.
2 cum.
. ♦
. •
20
9 cir.
10 cir.
10 cir.
8 cir.
9 cir.
8 cir.
21
Scir.
I cir.
2 cir.
2 cir.
2 cir.
2 cir.
23
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
•03
0.8
»3
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
.01
0.2
24
10 cum.
8 cum.
8 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
^ »
.— *
25
1 cum.
10 cum.
I cum.
10 cum.
6 cum.
10 str.
7 cum.
10 .str.
7 ci. cu.
10 str.
2 ci. cu.
10 str.
26
27
•
, •
2 cum.
I cum.
I cum.
I cum.
1 cum.
2 cum.
,01
0.2
28
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
.01
0.2
29
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
.01
0.2
,^0
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
3«
8.0
7.8
7.8
7-9
7.8
75
0,81
20.3
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
top. m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
Daily means.
Date.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
6.3
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
0
10.0
2
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 cum.
10.0
3
10 cu. str.
10 cu.str.
9 cum.
7 cum.
4 ci. cu,, 2 cum.
5 cum.
9.2
4
10 cum.
locum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
7.6
s
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10.0
6
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
S cum., 5 str.
9 7
7
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
2 cir., 8 str.
10 .str.
10 str.
9.6
8
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
9.0
9
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 str.
10 sir.
10.0
10
3 cir.
4 cir.
6 cir.
6 cir.
Scir.
9 cir.
7.6
II
1 I cir.
1 cir.
3 cir.
7 cir.
9 cir.
9 cir.
2-3
12
8 cum.
9 cum.
7 cum.
S cir., 5 cum.
5 cir., 5 cum.
10 cum.
6.7
n
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
9.0
14
2 cum.
2 cum.
4 cum.
9 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
8,9
IS
10 str.
10 cum.
ID cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
7.6
16
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10.0
17
I cum.
I cum.
0
3 cu. str.
8 cu. str.
8 cu. str.
71
18
8 cum.
7 cum.
7 cum.
9 cu. str.
10 str.
10 str.
8.6
i<)
3 cum.
S C" n.
S cum.
6 cum.
4 cum.
S cum.
5-4
20
3 cir.
3 cir.
4 cum.
4 cum.
2 cir., 2 cum.
4 cum.
6.S
21
6 cir.
8 ci. str.
4 ci. str.
S ci. cu.
6 cum.
4 cu. .sir.
4-3
22
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10.0
*j
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 .str.
10 str.
10.0
*4
10 str.
10 mm.
ID mm.
10 mm.
3 cum.
3 cum.
9.2
2S
5 cir.
6 cir.
3 cir.
2 cum.
3 cum.
8 cum.
41
26
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
9.8
27
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
S-9
28
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
9.0
29
8 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
9-3
30
10 str.
10 .str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10.0
3'
8.1
8.3
8.2
8.7
8.7
1 8.9
8.2
* Inappreciable.
!
■ i
344 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
SEPTKMBKR. 1882.
Table CXLVIL — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds (tnd amount of precipitation, September, 1882.
Wiuhint;t(m mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 491"
^= + 81044
' A^ — 64'
4S'=— 4" «9"'
•
Date.
1 a. m.
3 a. m.
3 a. m.
4*. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
1
10 .sir.
10 str.
Kog.
Kog.
Fog.
Fog.
1 2
1 S <-'"'"•
7 cum.
8 cum.
8 cum.
9 cum.
9 cum.
3 -■ -
10 .sir.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
4
10 .str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
5 -
; 10 iiini.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
6
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
7 -
' 10 str.
10 str.
10 .sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
8
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
9 - -
, 10 .sir.
10 str.
10 .sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10
8 ci. sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
II
3 sir.
3 str.
3 cir., 1 sir.
5 cir., 2 str.
7 cir.
7 cir.
13
4 cum.
10 nim.
5 cum.
10 nim.
5 cum.
10 nim.
3 cum.
10 nim.
I cum.
10 nim.
I cum.
10 nim.
13
14 .-- --.-
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 .str.
10 str.
10 str.
•s
i I cir.
0
0
0
0
2 ci. str.
10
10 cir.
3 ci. cu., 7 str.
2 cum., 3 str.
I cir., 3 .str.
9 cir.
6 cir., 4 .str.
17
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
18 ... .
10 mm.
■ 0 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nmi.
19 -- -
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
2 ci. str.
2 ci. str.
3 ci. str.
21
0
0
0
3 cum.
9 cum.
9 str.
22 .
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 .str.
10 .str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
23
24 -
10 .sir.
10 sir.
5 cum.
3 cum-
2 cum.
2 cum.
25
0
0
0
0
0
0
26
0
0
0
0
0
0
27 ---- ---
3 cum.
4 cum.
5 cum.
S cum.
5 str.
6 str.
1 28 —
I ci. s»i.
S cum.
6 cum.
9 str.
9 str.
8 str.
29
3 cun.
3 turn.
4 cum.
4 cum.
3 cum.
2 cum.
30
Mean.s
Total
3 cum.
1 cum.
I cum.
0
0
0
6.7
69
6.7
6.6
6.9
7.0
i ■ i
Date.
I p.m.
3 p.m.
3p.m.
4p.m.
Sp.m.
6 p. m. .
1 .
2 cir.
10 .str.
I cir.
10 nim.
3 cir.
10 nim.
Scir.
10 nim.
4 cir.
10 nim.
8 ci. cu.
10 nim.
2
3
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
9 cum.
9 cum.
4
10 nmi.
10 nim.
3 cum.
7 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
5 -
10 nmi.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
6 --
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
ID str.
10 str.
10 str.
7
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 str.
■0 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
«
9
5 cum.
4 cum.
5 cum.
5 cum.
3 cum.
3 cum.
10
I cir., 3 str.
5 cum.
4 cum.
4 cum.
6 cum.
8 cum.
1 1
0
Keg.
0
Kog.
2 cum.
Kog.
0
10 str.
0
10 str.
0
10 nim.
12 -
13
10 mm.
0
10 mm.
1 ci.str.
10 mm.
I ci. str.
10 mm.
I ci. str.
10 mm.
I ci. str.
10 nim.
I ci.str.
14
15 -.
0
0
I cir.
I cir.
I cir.
I cir.
16
10 cum.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
17
18
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10
0
6 ci. cu.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 sir.
0
3 ci. cu.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
0
I cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
10 nim,
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
20
21
22
23
24
3 cum.
4 cum.
3 cum.
4 cum.
5 cum.
4 cum.
25
5 cir.
6 ci.str., 2 cum.
7 ci. cu.
6 cu. str.
8 cum.
4 ci. str.
9 ci. str.
7 ci. cu.
9 cu. sir.
6 cum.
7 ci. str.
10 ci. str.
8 cu. str.
10 str.
3 cum.
6 ci.str.
0
4 str.
10 nim.
10 cu. str.
10 str.
5 cir., 5 cum.
26
10 ci. str.
10 cu. str.
10 str. '
3 cum.
10 str.
10 cu. str.
10 str.
7 cir., 3 cum.
27
28
29 ...
30
8 cum.
8 cum.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
Means
71
7.0
7.0
7.2
7-3
7.6
11
'I'i!
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
345
''•'-, 1882.
6 a. m.
Fog.
9 cum.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 sir.
10 str.
7 cir.
1 cum.
10 nim.
10 str.
2 ci. str.
6 cir., 4 str.
10 nim,
10 nim.
o
3 ci. str.
9 str.
10 .str.
10 str.
2 cum.
o
o
6 str.
8 str.
2 cum.
o
7.0
6 p.m.
ic
8 ci. cu.
10 nim.
9 cum.
10 str.
10 nim.
lo str.
10 str.
10 nim.
3 cum.
8 cum.
o
10 nim.
10 nim.
I ci. str.
I cir.
•o str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
o
o
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
4 cum.
4 str.
o nim.
o cu. str.
ostr.
5 cir., 5 cum.
o nim.
7.6
SEPTEMBER, 1882.
Table CXLVII. — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount 0/ precipitation, September,
Washington mean lime. Keduce to local mean time by nilding 1,9'"
^=r:+8i''44/ A---64»45' .-4»l9">
882.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a.m.
II a, m.
Noon.
Precipitation.
Date.
Inchts.
mm.
10 sir.
9 str.
10 str.
9 str.
8 cum
7 cum.
10 .sir.
7 cum.
10 sir.
2 cir.
I
10 str.
10 str.
•OS
"•3
2
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
.01
0. 2
3
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
.08
2.0
4
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
•«3
33
5
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 sir.
.02
o.s
6
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
.02
o-S
\
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
.02
OS
10 str.
8 cum.
10 str
5 cum.
2 cum.
4 cum.
2 cum.
3 cum.
2 cum.
1 cum.
9
10
2 cum.
2 cir., 4 str.
4 cir., 2 cum.
I cum.
0
0
0
0
10 cum.
I cum.
I cir.
3 cir.
Fog.
•
•
12
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
.02
o-S
'3
10 str.
10 str.
2 cum.
3 cum.
3 cum.
2 cum.
. — •
. »
«4
2 ci str.
2 ci. str.
3 ci. str.
10 cum.
3 ci. sir.
10 cum.
1 ci. sir.
0
;i
8 cum.
9 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
.01
0.2
17
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
.02
0.5
18
0
0
0
0
0
0
«9
5 cu. str.
9 str.
3 cu. sir.
9 cu. sir.
3 cu. sir.
10 cu. str.
3 cir.
10 mm.
4 cir.
10 nim.
5 ci. str.
10 nim.
20
•OS
"•3
21
10 cu.str.
9 cu. str.
10 cu. sir.
6 cum.
I cum.
10 cu. str.
4 cir., 6 str.
I cum.
10 cum.
2 cir., 8 str.
I cum.
7 cum., 3 str.
10 str.
I cum.
10 cu. str.
10 sir.
0
22
23
24
2I
0
2 cir. •
0
2 ci. sir.
2 ci. str.
6 ci. sir.
2 ci. str.
9 ci. str.
3 sir.
7 ci. sir., 2 cum.
4 ci. str.
6 ci. sir., 2 cum.
. — •
, _»
3 cum.
2 cum.
scum.
0
2 cum.
7 ci. cu.
7 cu. str.
8 cir. cu.
9 CI. cu.
a?
2 cum.
7 cum.
I cum.
8 cum.
8 cum.
4 ci. sir., 2 cum.
4 cum.
I cum.
8 cu. str.
2 cum.
7 cu. sir.
8 cum.
28
29
30
0
I cum.
3 cum.
• 04
l.o
6.7
6.6
6.5
6.4
6.S
6.9
" 1
0.47
II. 8
'■ i
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p.m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
Daily means.
Date.
8 ci. str.
8 ci. str.
8 ci. cu.
8 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
7-4
1
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 sir.
9-3
2
8 str.
10 str.
Sstr.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
9.6
3
10 str.
10 sir.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
9.6
4
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10. 0
S
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10. 0
6
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10. 0
7
10 nim.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 str.
9 str.
10. 0
8
2 cum.
3 cir., 2 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 .sir.
7 cir., 3 str.
6.9
9
8 cum.
7 cum.
3 cum.
2 cum.
I cui...
I cum.
S-S
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
«-7
II
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
6.9
12
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10. 0
«3
3ci.str.
t ci. str.
0
0
0
0
4.1
«4
2 ci. str.
3 cum.
4 cum.
3 cum.
0
0
0. 1
IS
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
to str.
10 str.
9-3
16
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10. 0
'7
10 nun.
■0 mm.
10 str.
3 sir.
0
0
8.9
iS
0
3 CI, cu.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
i.S
«9
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.9
20
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
8.0
21
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 str.
10.0
22
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
Sstr.
7 str.
7 sir.
9^5
23
0
0
0
0
0
0
2-S
24
4 str.
4 str.
3 cir.
3 cir.
3 cir.
2 cir.
*3
2S
10 mm.
10 str.
10 str.
1 cum., 2 str.
2 cir., I cum.
4 cir.
3-S
26
Scum.
I cum.
I cum.
I cum.
0
0
S3
27
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
ID str.
7.8
28
10 cum.
5 cir., 5 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
6.4
29
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
S3
30
7-4
7-4
7-S
7.0
6.8
6.8
6.9
* Inappreciable.
346
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
■| !
OCTOBKR, 1 88 J.
Tablk CXLVIII. — Amount, kind, ami direction of chads and amount of precipitation, October, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49"'
# -4-8l<>44' A = -64<»45' = — 4"' igx"
" M,
Date.
1 a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
2 .
10 nim.
lostr.
10 nim,
8cir.
3 dr.
0
0
0
0
2str.
3 «r.
0
10 str.
10 itr.
10 str.
10 nim.
8 str.
4 cum.
3 str.
0
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
0
0
10 cum.
3 cir., 1 cum.
10 str.
I cum.
4 cum.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
3 cir., 7 cum.
1 cir.
0
8 cir.
0
e
2 str.
2 str.
0
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
8 str.
5 cum.
4 str.
0
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
0
0
9 cum-
3 cir.
10 str.
I cum.
8 cum.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 cir.
I cir.
0
3 cir., 7 str.
0
0
10 str.
1 str.
0
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim,
5 str.
10 str.
0
2 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
0
0
1 cir.
2 cir.
10 cum.
I cum.
4 cum.
10 nim.
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 cir.
0
0
10 sir.
0
1 cum.
10 Itr.
1 str.
4 ci. Itr.
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
2 str.
10 Itr.
0
8 str.
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
0
0
0
3 cir.
10 cum.
3 cum.
7 cum.
10 nim.
10 Itr.
10 sir.
10 sir.
0
0
10 sir.
0
2 cum.
6 str.
5 sir.
4 ci. str.
8 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
I str.
10 str.
0
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
0
0
0
I cir.
10 cir.
3 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 sir.
0
0
10 cir.
0
0
10 str.
8 str.
7 cum.
8 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
1 cum.
10 str.
2 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
7 cu. str.
0
0
0
6 cum.
0
S cum.
2 cum.
10 cum.
•J .
4 .
5
6 .:::::.
7
8 :::::::::..::
9
10
12
«3
14
IS
16
«7
18
19
20
21 . ...
22 .
23
24
25
26
27
28
29 ---
30
31 .
Means
Total
4.8
52
5 '
5-4
SS
6.0
i
Date.
I p. m.
3 p. m.
3p.m.
4 p.m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
1
2
3
4
5
5 ci. cum., 2 str.
10 cu. str.
10 nim.
2 cir.
0
0
0
° .
2 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
6 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
2 cum.
1 cum.
2 cum.
0
10 nim.
5 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
3 cum.
2 cum.
4 cum.
10 str.
0
I str.
0
10 nim.
4 ci. cu.
10 str.
10 nim.
4 cum.
0
0
0
0
1 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
7 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
,10 nim.
2 cum.
1 cum.
2 cum.
0
10 nim.
2 cum.
7 str.
10 str.
2 cum.
I cum.
5 cum.
10 str.
I cum.
0
0
10 nim.
2 cir.
10 str.
10 nim.
8 cu. str.
0
0
0
0
I cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
3 str.
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 nim.
0
8 cum.
4 cum.
I str.
10 nim.
0
7 str.
10 str.
I cum.
I cum.
6 cum.
10 str.
1 cum.
0
0
10 nim.
I cir.
10 str.
10 nim.
7 cu. str.
0
0
0
0
I cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
3 cum.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 nim.
0
8 cum.
3 str.
I str.
10 nim.
0
0
10 str.
0
I cum.
7 cum.
Scum.
4 ci. str.
0
0
10 nim.
6 cir.
10 sir.
10 nim.
4 str.
0
0
0
0
1 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
1 cum.
10 str.
3 sir.
10 nim.
8 cum.
4 cum.
4 str.
0
10 nim.
3 str.
I str.
10 str.
0
0
8 cum.
8 cum.
5 cum.
10 str.
0
10 nim.
7 ci. cu.
10 str.
10 nim.
4 str.
0
0
0
0
1 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
2 cum.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 str.
1 cum.
3 sir.
0
10 nim.
2 str.
0
3 str.
0
0
8 cum.
5 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
0
10 nim.
6
7 ...
8
9 -
10
II
12
13
14
le
16 ;....:::::::
'7
18
«9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26 .. . . .
27
28
29 .. .
30
3« --
Means
S'
4.6
4.8
4.6
5.0
5°
i - !i
THB LADY FBANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
347
fr, 1 88a.
6 a.
lo sir.
10 str.
loslr.
lo str.
o
o
lo cir.
o
o
lo str.
8 sir.
7 cum.
8 cum.
loslr.
10 str.
lo nim.
1 cum.
10 str.
2 str.
lo str.
lo sir.
lo str.
7 cu. str.
o
o
o •
6 cum.
o
5 cum.
2 cum.
lo cum.
6.0
' p. m.
7 CI. cu.
lo sir.
lo nim.
4 str.
o
o
o
o
1 cir.
onim.
ostr.
2 cum.
ostr.
str.
nim.
str.
cum.
sir.
nim.
str.
str.
cum.
:um.
:um.
tr.
S-o
OCTOBER, i88j
Taule CXLViII. — Amount, kind, and dirtclion of clouds and amount of predpitation, October, i88a.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time l>y addin); 49<n
fu=: + 8l''44' >. —64" 45' -4h|</i'
7 a. m.
8 a. ro.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
Noon.
Precipitation.
Date.
Inches.
mm.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
4 cir., 5 str.
7 sit.
.01
0. 2
1
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 .sir.
.01
0. 2
3
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
.02
0.5
3
10 str.
4 cir., 6 str.
S str.
10 .sir.
10 lum.
10 mm.
.01
0. 3
4
3 cum.
0
7 cir.
0
0
6 cum.
0
Scir.
1 ci. str.
2 cum.
5 cum.
0
0
5
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
8
1 cir.
1 cir.
3 cir.
3 ci. cu.
1 cir.
3 cir.
9
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 mm.
10 mm.
•03
0 8
10
10 str.
10 cum.
8 str.
7 cir.
4 cir., 3 cum.
4 cir., 2 cum.
5 cum.
7 cum.
4 cum.
Sstr.
11
10 cum.
5 ci. cu., 2 cum.
13
8 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
lo str. •
•3
«4
«S
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
.08
3.0
10 str.
1 cum.
6 ci. str.
4 ci. .sir.
3 cum.
2 cum.
oj
0.8
16
1 cum.
2 str.
1 cum.
1 cum.
S cum.
Scum.
0
0
:^
2 sir.
3 str.
7 cum.
3 cum.
S str.
10 str.
3 str.
10 str.
3 sir.
10 mm.
2 str.
2 str.
0
19
30
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
01
0.2
5 str.
10 str.
4 str.
10 sir.
4 str.
10 nim.
4 str.
10 nim.
4 sir.
10 nim.
sstr.
10 nim.
31
»
«
33
10 cu. str.
10 cum.
7 cu. str.
9 cu. sir.
10 str.
10 str.
*3
0
0
I cum.
2 cum.
3 cum.
3 cu. str.
a4
I cum.
1 cum.
1 cum.
I cum.
1 cum.
1 cum.
35
0
1 cir.
2 cum,
3 cum.
3 cum.
3 cum.
36
10 cum.
0
1 str.
■0 cum.
1 str.
2 str.
9 cum.
I str.
Sstr.
10 cum.
1 str.
10 str.
10 cu. str.
0
6 str.
10 str.
0
2 str.
39
0
0
0
0
0
0
30
10 str.
5-9
10 str.
11
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
.04
1.0
3«
S-7
5-9
S-5
5-3
S-9
1 t
0.24
1 1
7 p.m.
8 p. ni.
9p. m.
10 p. m.
1 1 )-. 111.
Midnight.
Daily means.
Date.
5 ci. str.
2 cir., 4 str.
6 cu. str.
4 cum., 4 str.
S cu. .sir.
7 cu. sir.
7.6
,
10 str.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 Mim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10.0
3
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
6 cum.. 4 str.
10.0
3
8 str.
10 str.
10 str.
6 str.
3 str.
0
7-4
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.9
S
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.6
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.3
8
0
0
0
2 str.
4 str.
4 str.
« 3
9
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
S sir.
sstr.
8.8
10
■ostr.
10 str.
4 str.
3 s«r-
0
0
6.4
II
S cu. str.
9 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
5-5
12
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
sstr.
6 str.
10 str.
9-4
13
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
lostr.
10 str.
9-7
14
10 nim.
10 nim.
to mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10.0
15
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
3 str.
6.7
16
1 cum.
1 cum.
1 cum.
3 cum.
I cum.
I cum.
*S
17
Sstr.
7 str.
3 str.
2 str.
0
0
45
18
0
0
0
0
0
0
I.O
>9
10 nim,
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 sir.
10 str.
8.8
20
6 str.
7 str.
I str.
3 str.
10 str.
10 str.
5-6
21
0
0
0
0
I cir.
0
S-7
22
3 ci. cu.
6 str.
10 str.
0
0
0
5-4
33
0
0
3 cum.
8 cum.
3 cum.
0
I. 3
«4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.4
2S
8 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
7 cum.
4-3
26
3 cum.
3 cum.
3 cum.
4 cum.
4 cum.
2 cum.
6.S
a7
10 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
4.0
38
8 ci. cu.
I cum.
0
0
0
0
4.8
39
0
0
0
0
0 . _.
0
0.4
30
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
4-2
9-3
3'
S-a
11
5.0
S-o
4:7
S. 19
* Inappreciable.
348
THE LADT FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
NOVEMBER, i8«j.
Tablk CXLIX. — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of pncipitalion, November, i83s.
Wuhington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'*
♦ = + 8l''44' X -^-64''45'. -4ki9»
Dale.
i..m.
a a. m.
3 a.m.
4 a. m.
Sa.iii.
6 a, m.
1
a
1
10 nim.
0
6 sir.
10 str.
0
0
6 sir.
0
0
0
0
0
4 str.
0
4 str.
0
1 str.
0
0
10 str.
2 ci. str.
0
1 cir.
3 cir.
6 cum.
2 cir.
0
6 cir.
a str.
0
10 nim.
0
10 (tr.
10 str.
0
0
7 sir.
0
0
0
0
0
10 str.
0
4 str.
0
1 str.
0
3»tr.
10 str.
2 str.
0
I cir.
3 cir.
3 cum.
1 cir.
0
4 cir.
3 str.
0
10 nim.
0
6 str.
10 str.
0
0
8 str.
0
0
0
0
0
10 sir.
0
a str.
0
1 str.
0
3 sir.
10 nim.
2 sir.
I cir.
I cir.
3 cir.
3 cum.
4 cir.
0
3 cir.
I str.
0
10 nim.
0
5 str.
10 str.
0
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
0
I sir.
0
I sir.
0
1 sir.
0
3 sir.
10 nim.
2 str.
1 cir.
1 ci.slr.
4 cir.
3 cum.
5 cir.
0
2 cir.
0
0
10 nim.
6 cum.
2 str.
10 itr.
0
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
0
10 nim.
0
I sir.
0
1 str.
0
3 sir.
10 nim.
a sir.
0
1 ci. str.
a cir.
2 cum.
0
0
4 cir.
0
0
10 nim.
0
a str.
10 sir.
0
0
Stir.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
a sir.
0
1 str.
0
3 str.
10 str.
a str.
0
a ci. sir.
1 cir.
I cum.
0
0
3 cir.
0
0
4
»
g...::
7
\" ::::.:... .
0
10
II
la . ..
13
•4
15
16
"7 ---
18
19
20
21 ..
22
t\ .
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Means
2-4
»-7
2.6
2-5
2-4
1.8
Total
Date.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
3P-m.
4 p.m.
5 p.m.
6 p. m.
1 .
5 str.
0
10 str.
10 str.
0
10 str.
10 str.
3 str.
0
0
3»tr.
2 str.
2 str.
4 cir., 6 str.
3s«r.
0
0
4 cir.
7 str.
I cir., 2 str.
0
0
5 cir.
I str.
I ci. str., I str.
0
1 ci. str.
2 str.
0
I str.
7 str.
0
10 str.
10 str.
0
10 str.
2 str.
2 str.
0
0
3 str.
a str.
4 str.
10 str.
9 str.
0
I str.
1 cir.
6 str.
1 cir.
0
I cir.
5 cum.
1 str.
2 ci. str.
0
0
I str.
0
I str.
8 str.
I str.
10 str.
10 str.
1 str.
10 str.
2 cum.
2 str.
2 str.
0
3 str.
3 sir.
2 str.
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
0
8 str.
I cir.
0
I cir.
10 cum.
I str.
3 ci. str.
0
0
I str.
0
I str.
10 str.
0
10 str.
10 sir.
5 sir.
10 str.
2 str.
2 str.
a str.
0
0
4 str.
I str.
10 str.
4 str.
0
0
0
10 str.
3 cir.
0
I cir.
10 cum.
I str.
a ci. str.
0
0
0
0
I str.
6 str.
0
10 str.
10 str.
Sstr.
10 str.
0
0
0
0
0
I str.
0
10 str.
4 sir.
0
0
I str.
10 sir.
6 cir.
0
I cir., I ci. cu.
10 cum.
I cir.
3 ci. str.
0
0
I str.
0
I str.
8 str.
0
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10 str.
3 str.
0
0
a str.
8 str.
8 cir.
0
Scir.
10 cum.
0
3 ci.slr.
0
3 ci. str.
I str.
0
I str.
2
3
4
s
6
7 . .-.:
8
9
10
II
12
13
14 -
IJ
■ 1
17
■8 _.
10
20
21 .
22
23
24
2C . .
26 :::::
27
28
29
10
Means
31
30
3-3
3-4
3'
3-4
' I
TUB LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
849
NOVKMBER, 1883.
'I'ablk CXLIX.— /I mouH/, kinii, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, Ntnember^ 1883.
Wuhingtun mean time. Reiluce In local mean time hy aiUling 49"*
^ = 4-81" 44' ;i =— 64''45'^— 4''I9'"
7 n. m.
10 nlm.
3«r.
3 Itr.
10 Itr.
0
0
10 Ilr.
4 Itr.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3«r.
7 Itr.
3 Itr.
0
3 cl. Itr.
0
I cum.
0
0
5 cir.
0
0
8 a.m.
10 nim.
4 Ilr.
10 Itr.
10 str.
e
e
lo Ilr.
3»tr.
0
0
0
3 str.
0
0
0
0
0
0
3"r.
4 Itr.
0
0
0
0
0
0
3 cir.
4 cir.
0
I cir.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
Noon.
Precipitation.
Date.
I
3
3
4
1
7
8
9
10
II
12
«3
«4
'S
16
w
«9
20
21
22
aj
a4
11
a?
28
29
30
10 nlm.
3 Ilr.
10 Itr.
10 sir.
0
3 Ilr.
10 sir.
8 str.
0
0
0
3 sir.
1 sir.
2 cir.
4 Ilr.
0
0
0
3 str.
3 str.
I str.
0
3 cum., 1 str.
0
I cu. itr.
0
I cir.
1 cir., I str.
0
0
10 nim.
3»tr.
10 str.
10 sir.
I cum.
3»tr.
7 Itr.
5 Itr.
0
0
0
3 sir.
1 Itr.
S cir.
4 Itr.
0
0
0
4 Itr.
1 str.
1 str.
0
3 cum., 1 sir.
1 str.
I str.
0
I Itr.
1 cir., I str.
0
0
•
10 nim.
3 str.
10 str.
10 Itr.
0
5 Itr.
4 Mr.
3»'r.
0
'■>
0
3 Itr.
I str.
a cir., 3 Itr.
6 cu. str.
0
3rtr.
0
8 str.
3 str.
1 str.
2 cum.
3 cum., I Itr.
I str.
1 Itr.
0
I str.
I cir., I str.
0
0
6 sir.
0
10 str.
10 Itr.
0
10 Ilr.
5 itr.
2 str.
0
0
3 Itr.
3 Itr.
1 Itr.
3 str.
8 str.
0
3 str.
3 cir.
10 sir.
3»«r.
0
0
2 ci. Itr.
: Ilr.
I ci. Itr., 1 Itr.
0
I str.
1 cir., I str.
0
0
Intkfi,
.03
mm.
0.5
.03
0.8
, •
, •
.06
'5
2.0
3. I
*S
2-5
'•7
2.9
1
1
0. II
2.8
1
'
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9p. m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midnight.
Daily means.
Date.
8 str.
8 Itr.
6 str.
sstr.
4 str.
3 cir.
8.0
1
2 str.
4 str.
4 str.
3 cir.
2 cir.
6 str.
1.8
to str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 Itr.
10 str.
to str.
8.S
1,
3 Itr.
istr.
I Itr.
0
0
0
7-7
4
Sitr.
0
0
0
0
0
1. 1
s
10 str.
8 str.
Sstr.
sstr.
sstr.
sstr.
4-9
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.6
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
1-4
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.6
1 1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.9
12
■ 1 itr.
litr.
istr.
0
0
0
a. 4
13
3«r.
Sitr.
10 Itr.
6 str.
sstr.
10 str.
4-8
■4
0
0
0
0
0
0
a. 9
IS
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
16
0
0
0
0
0
0
o.s
17
3 str.
0
0
0
I itr.
3 str.
0.7
18
7 str.
6 str.
Sitr.
Sstr.
Sstr.
7 str.
5-7
IQ
9 cir.
10 cir.
10 cir.
3 cir.
3 cir.
1 cir.
S-7
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.7
21
3 cir.
2 ctr.
3 cir.
icir.
1 cir.
I cir.
1.0
22
10 cum.
10 cum.
Scum.
Sci.str.
S ci. str.
S ci. str.
S.o
a^
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
a4
3 ci. str.
4 ci. str.
7 ci. Itr.
8 ci. str.
8 ci. str.
8 ci. str.
3a
as
0
0
0
0
0
0
o.s
26
3 CI. str.
3 ci. str.
3 ci. Itr.
3 ci. str.
3 ci. str.
3 ci. str.
. 1.2
a7
0
2 ci. str.
6 ci. str.
6 ci. str.
2 ci str.
2 ci. str.
2.0
28
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.2
29
I str.
I str.
I str.
I cir.
3 cir.
4 cir.
0.8
30
2.6
2.6
2.6
2.2
2.0
2.3
2.62
* Inappreciable.
350
•i
1^1
; t'.
I '
■
il
I
1 I'M
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
DECEMBER, 1882.
Table CL. — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, December, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to li)cal mean time by ailding 49'"
0=48l''44' A— — 64° 4S' - — 4'' 19"'
Date.
I a.m.
I
2
3.—
4....
S-..
6....
7....
8....
9— -
10
II
12
13 ---
14----
15
16
17
18....
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
7 ci. str.
o
o
2 str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
10 str.
o
10 str.
2 cir.
10 .str.
10 nim.
8 cir.
o
o
8 cum.
8 str.
4 cir.
o
10 nim.
10 .str.
2 str.
2 a. m.
J a. m.
5 CI. str.
o
o
2 str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
9 str.
o
10 str.
o
10 nim.
6 str.
7 cir.
o
o
10 str.
10 str.
4 cir.
2 ci. str.
10 nim.
10 str.
o
3 ci. str.
o
o
4 str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
4 str.
o
10 str.
o
10 nim.
o
2 cir.
o
o
10 str.
10 sir.
2 str.
2 ci..str.
10 nim.
10 sir.
o
Means .
Total
ii
3- '
2-5
4 a. m.
5 a. in.
4 sir.
3 ci. str.
0
0
0
.0
7 sir.
8 sir.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6 str.
0
0
4 str.
3 sir.
0
0
10 str.
10 str.
0
I cir.
10 nim.
10 mm.
0
0
2 cir.
I cir.
0
3 cir.
0
0
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
0
5 cii. sir.
3 ci. sir.
3 ci. sir.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 sir.
10 sir.
0
0
2.6
30
Piile.
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
so
II
12
13
15
16
17
18
'9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26 ....
27
28
29
30
31 —
I p. m.
Means
o
o
4 str.
5 str.
o
6 str.
7 str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
1 str.
2 str.
1 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
o
7 cu. str.
o
10 cir.
10 str.
10 cir.
o
o
2 str.
10 str.
o
3«
2 p. m.
3P-
4 p. m.
o
o
3 str.
2 sir.
1 sir.
5 sir.
6 str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
2 str.
1 str.
2 str.
2 cum.
8 str.
10 nim.
I ci. .str.
10 str.
3 cir-
10 ci.str.
10 str.
o
o
o
o
10 str.
o
o
o
3 str.
1 str.
4 str.
3 str.
5 str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
2 str.
1 str.
2 str.
2 cu. str.
ID sir.
10 nim.
o
10 str.
3 cir.
loci. sir.
10 str.
o
o
o
o
6 str.
o
2.6
o
o
2 sir.
4 sir.
3 str.
2 sir.
5 sir.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
10 .str.
1 str.
2 str.
2 lu. str.
10 str.
10 nim.
o
10 str.
2 cir.
10 ci. str.
10 sir.
o
o
8 sir.
o
2 str.
o
5 p. m.
30
o
o
2 Sir.
4 str.
3 sir.
2 str.
3 sir.
o
o
o
2 Sir.
o
1 cir.
2 str.
5 str.
I Sir.
3 sir.
3 cu. str.
10 .str.
10 nim.
o
8ttr.
5 cir.
9 ci. str.
10 str.
o
o
6 str.
o
3 str.
o
30
6 a. m.
o
o
o
8 str.
o
o
o
o
0
o
0
o
o
6 str.
o
2 str.
o
10 str.
I cir.
10 nim.
o
I cir.
6 cir.
o
10 sir.
10 str.
I ci. sir.
3 ci. str.
10 nim.
10 str.
o
2.8
6 p. m.
o
o
2 str.
3 str.
3 str.
2 sir.
3 str.
o
o
o
3 str.
o
I sir.
I str.
3 str.
1 str.
4 sir.
3 cu. str.
10 sir.
10 nim.
o
10 str.
7 cir.
4 cum.
10 str.
o
o
8 str.
2 sir.
I str.
o
2.9
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
351
DECEMBER, 1882.
Table CL. — Amottnt, kitui, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, December, 1882.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by aiUling 49>"
0=+Si°44' A.-- 64° 45' ^= — 4" 19"'
7 a. m.
8 a.m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a.m.
Noon.
I'recipitation.
Dale.
Inches. \ mm.
0
0
0
3 str.
0
0
2 str.
0
0
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
I
0
0
0
2
0
0
4 str.
4 str.
0
3
4
\
5 str.
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
0
0
0
3 str.
4 str.
3 str.
4 str.
6 str.
8s(f.
4 str.
0
sstr.
0
I
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
-..-.__
II
0
0
6 str.
0
2 St.-.
0
10 str.
2 cir.
0
0
0
0
0
12
0
0
0
0
0
«3
14
'5
16
u
0
0
1 str.
I str.
0
0
0
1 str.
I str.
I str.
I str.
I str.
0
0
0
1 sir.
17
18
lo str.
10 str.
4 str.
4 str.
2 str.
2 str.
S cir.
4 str.
4 str.
8 str.
"9
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
"7
4.3
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
, »
»
21
4 cir.
8 cir.
2 cir.
10 str.
Scir.
3 cir.
2 cir.
I cir.
8 cu. str.
9 cu. str.
0
22
0
0
;::::::::::
23
24
25
5 cir.
10 str.
3 cir.
10 str.
4 cir.
10 str.
7 cir.
10 str.
7 cir.
10 str.
.02
0-5
10 str.
0
I ci. str.
10 nim.
10 str.
0
2 ci. str.
10 nim.
10 str.
3 cir.
2 cir.
10 nim.
7 cu. str.
2 cir.
I cir.
10 nim.
4 ou. str.
2 cir.
0
10 str.
8 cir.
0
0
Sstr.
26
27
28
29
.04
1.0
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
30
0
0
I cir.
2 cir.
2 cir.
0
3«
2.9
3-2
35
2.9
3 •
3t
0.23
S-8
7 p. m.
0
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
Daily means.
Date.
0
0
0
0
0
1.2
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
2
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
13
3
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
I str.
I str.
I str.
4.2
4
3 str.
3 str.
4 str.
3 str.
3 str.
2 str.
14
S
2 str.
1 str.
I str.
I str.
I str.
0
1-9
6
3 str.
1 str.
I str.
0
0
0
2.2
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
10
4 str.
3 str.
1 str.
0
0
0
o.S
II
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
12
2 str.
2 str.
3 str.
3 str.
3 str.
2 Str.
0.7
13-
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.4
■ 4
3 str.
3 str.
3 str.
3 str.
2 str.
2 str.
1-7
IS
I str.
1 str.
I str.
I str.
2 str.
2 str.
2. 2
16
4 Stl.
4 str.
4 str.
4 str.
4 str.
8 sir.
1.8
17
2 Cir.
3 ci. str.
4 ci. str.
3 str.
3 str.
3 str.
S-8
18
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str. ■
10 str.
6.2
19
10 nim.
lo nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
ID mm.
10. 0
20
0
0
2 cir.
2 cir.
2 cir.
2 cir.
I.O
21
10 str.
10 str.
8 str.
I str.
0
0
5.6
22
7 cir.
7 cir.
2 cir.
0
0
0
2-5
23
4 cum.
9 cu. str.
9 cu. str.
9 cu. str.
9 cu. str.
9 ci. str.
5-2
24
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
ID str.
10 str.
7 sir.
%.i
2S
0
0
0
3 cir.
2 cir.
I cir.
I- '
26
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.0
27
Sstr.
5 cum.
4 str.
3 str.
9 str.
ID .sir.
3-2
28
2 str.
2 str.
sstr.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
6.7
29
I str.
I str.
1 str.
I str.
4 .str.
4 str.
6.8
30
0
0
0
0
0
0
! 0.3
3'
2.8
2.9
2.8
2.6
I 2.8
2.6
2.9
* InappreclabI*.
ml '
.'::«! I
:
352
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAT EXPEDITION.
JANUARY, 1883.
Table CLI Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, yanuary, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to ! .al mean time by adding 49n>
fl) = + 8l''44' X = — 64»4S'' = — 4K 19'"
!■!!
Date.
I a. r.i.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
S a. m.
6 a. m.
I
'J
2 str.
1 str.
0
0
10 str. ^
0
0
0
0
I str.
5 str.
6 str.
0
0
0
4 cir.
10 nim.
3 str.
0
10 cu. str.
8 str.
10 nim,
0
0
1 ci.str.
10 nim.
4 str.
5 str.
5 str.
0
0
2 Str,
I str,
0
0
10 str,
0
0
0
0
0
3 str.
5 str.
0
0
0
10 nim.
10 nim.
3 str,
3 ci. str,
10 cu. str.
8 str.
10 nim.
0
0
I ci. str.
10 nim.
4 str.
3 str.
Si-tr.
0
0
2 str.
1 str.
0
0
3 str.
2 str.
0
0
0
3 str.
10 str.
3 str.
0
0
0
10 nim.
10 nim.
2 ci. str.
3 ci. str.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 nim.
0
0
2 ci. str.
10 nim.
4 cu. str.
5 str.
5 str.
0
0
I str.
1 str.
0
0
3 str.
2 str.
0
0
0
S str.
8 sir.
2 str,
0
0
0
10 nim,
10 nim.
2 ci. .str.
5 ci. str.
8 cu. str.
10 str.
10 nim.
0
0
4 ci. str.
10 nim.
5 cu. str.
10 nim.
8 str.
0
0
sstr.
1 str,
0
0
2 str.
1 str.
0
0
0
2 str.
S str.
I str.
0
, 0
0
10 str.
10 str.
3 cir.
5 ci. str.
10 str,
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
4 ci. str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
9 str.
0
0
3 str.
1 str.
0
0
2 ,str.
I str.
0
0
0
I str.
4 str.
0
0
0
0
10 nim.
8 str.
3 cir.
4 ci.cu.
10 nim.
10 str.
3 cum., s sti.
0
0
4 ci. str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
8 str.
0
2
\ . -
4
s _.
6...
7...
8
Q
10
12
11
"4 --
'5
16
17 .
18
19
20..
21
22
21
24 . .
25
26 .
27
28 ...:
29. .
30
31
Means
Total . .
3 «
3-2
3.4
3-6
3-8
3-4
Date.
I p. m.
2 p, m.
3 p. m.
4 p. m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
2
3
4 .
2 str.
I str.
0
I str.
10 str.
1 str.
0
3 str.
0
0
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
4 cir., 3 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 cir.
7 cir.
9 str.
10 nim,
4 str.
2 str.
3 str.
10 str.
2 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 str.
I str.
3 str.
I str.
0
3 str,
10 str.
1 stri
0
3 str,
0
0
0
3 str,
0
0
0
3 cir.
10 ni:-',
10 nim.
10 cir.
3 cir.
10 str.
10 nim.
3 str.
2 str.
3 str,
10 str,
I str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
8 str,
I str.
3 str.
0
1 str.
2 str.
10 str.
I str.
0
3 str.
0
0
0
4 str.
0
0
0
1 cir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
0
7 cir.
10 str.
10 nim.
0
2 str.
I str.
10 str.
I str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 str.
0
2 str.
0
1 str.
2 str.
10 str.
0
0
2 str.
0
0
0
Sstr.
0
0
0
8 cir,
10 nim.
10 nim.
0
3 cir., 7 cu. str.
3 str.
10 nim.
0
1 str.
I str.
10 str.
1 str.
10 nim.
3 str.
7 str,
0
3 cu. str.
0
1 str.
2 str.
10 str.
0
2 cir.
0
0
1 Str.
2 str.
sstr.
0
0
0
6 cir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
1 cir.
10 cu. str.
0
10 nim.
0
0
3 str.
10 str.
1 str.
10 nim.
2 str.
0
0
2 cu. str.
0
0
2 str.
10 str.
0
2 cir.
0
0
0
6 str.
4 str.
0
0
0
5 cir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
1 cir.
10 cu. str.
0
10 nim,
0
0
2 str,
10 str.
1 cum,
10 nim,
2 str.
0
0
s
6 ...
7
8..
q
10
II -.
12
»3
lA
17
is:::::
19 -
20
21
22
23
24- -
2S-
26
27
28
20
\o
31
Means
4.6
4-1
3.7
3.4
3-2
3«
THK LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPJSmTlON.
353
6 a. m.
0
3 str.
1 str.
o
o
2 str.
I str.
o
o
o
I str.
4 str.
o
o
o
o
10 nim.
8 str.
3 cir.
4 ci. cu.
lo nim.
ID str.
3 cum., 5 sti.
o
o
4 ci. str.
10 nim.
lo str.
lo nim.
8 str.
o
3-4
6 p. m.
2 cu. str.
o
o
2 str.
lo str.
o
2 cir.
I o
|o
o
6 str.
1 4 St''-
o
o
|o
5 cir.
lo nim.
\o nim.
1 cir.
|o cu. str.
o
10 nim.
p
lo
2 Str.
10 str.
1 1 cum.
lo nim.
2 Str.
lo
lo
3'
JANUARY, 1883.
Table CLI. — Amount^ kind, and dinciiott 0/ clouds and amount of precipitation, yanuary, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce tu local mean time by adding 49"'
0= f 81° 44'
?.=_64''45'
:;:rr 4'' I g'"
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
ID a. m.
1 1 a. m.
Noon.
I'recipitalion. 1
Date.
IitihiS.
mm.
0
2 str.
I str.
0
0
1 str.
2 Str.
0
0
2 .sir.
I sir.
0
0
4 str.
1 str.
I str.
0
0
3 sir.
I sir.
0
0
5 sir.
1 str.
0
0
0
2 str.
1 str.
0
0
9 str.
2 str.
0
I str.
0
2 str.
1 str.
0
0
10 sir.
2 str.
0
2 str.
0
2 sir.
1 str.
0
0
10 .sir.
2 sir.
0
2 sir.
0
I
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
2 str.
0
0
0
0
0
II
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
4 str.
8 sir.
. _•»
»
12
0
0
0
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
I str.
10 nim.
0
0
0
I cu. str.
10 nim.
0
0
I cu. str.
10 nim.
0
0
0
6 cu. str.
10 nim.
14
'5
16
•7
.06
1-5
6 str.
8 str.
10 mm.
to nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
.02
OS
iS
2 ci.str.
3 ci. sir.
1 ci. str.
2 cir.
I cu. str.
I cir.
10 cir.
3 cir.
8 cir.
2 cir.
10 cir.
2 cir.
19
20
10 cu. sir.
10 cu. str.
10 cu. str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
Sstr.
.01
0. 2
21
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 str.
•03
0.8
22
10 str.
10 .sir.
10 str.
10 mm.
ID mm.
10 mm.
.01
0. 2
23
10 str.
5 str.
0
I str.
4 str.
2 str.
2 sir.
6 str.
4 sir.
0
4 str.
4 str.
3 sir.
8 sir.
24
25
26
0
3 ci. str.
I str.
I sir.
«
■It
10 mm.
10 mm.
7 cu. sir.
5 cir. .sir.
4 ci. .str.
3 cir., 2 sir.
•03
0.8
27
10 sir.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
.04
1. 0
28
4 str.
3 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
in mm.
10 mm.
.04
I.O
29
7 str.
6 str.
7 str.
9 sir.
10 str.
10 sir.
_.,
3"
0
0
0
0
0
0
3"
3-6
34
3-7
4.2
4.0
4.5
0.24
6.0
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
I . r m.
Midnight.
Daily means.
Dale.
0
0
0
2 str.
I sir.
2 str.
'■3
0
I str.
0
0
2 str.
2 str.
1.2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.4
3
I str.
I str.
0
0
0
0
0.6
4
10 str.
10 .str.
10 str.
10 str.
ID str.
10 str.
6.6
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.8
6
2 cir.
2 cir.
0
0
0
0
0.7
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.7
8
2 str.
I str.
1 str.
I sir.
0
0
0. 2
9
0
0
I str.
I str.
2 str,
2 str.
0-3
10
Sstr.
4 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
6 str.
2.8
II
4 str.
3 str.
3 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 .sir.
5-6
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.7
•3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
"4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0. 0
IS
8 cir.
6 cir.
Scir.
6 cir.
scir.
3 cir.
30
16
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
9.8
•7
10 mm.
10 mm.
9 str.
8 str.
4 str.
4 sir.
9.0
18
2 cir.
8 cir.
2 cir.
2 cir.
2 cir.
I cir.
3-3
>9
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 .str.
10 sir.
10 sir.
5.8
20
0
2 ci sir.
2 ci. str.
3 cir.
10 ci. str.
10 ci. str.
7-3
21
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
9.8
22
0
0
0
0
0
0
S-2
23
0
0
0
0
0
0
'•7
24
I cir.
I cir.
I cir.
0
0
I cir.
l.o
25
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
6.4
26
7 str.
7 .str.
I str.
0
4 sir.
4 s r.
5-4
27
10 mm.
4 str.
8 sir.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
8.8
28
0
0
0
3 sir.
4 str.
5 sir.
5-8
29
0
0
0
0
0
0
5-2
30
0
0
0
0
0
0
0. I
3«
33
3'
30
32
3-4
11
3-6
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 23
* Iiwppreciable
^ A
pi i 4 I i
f'n '
t i
354 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
FEBRUARY, 1883.
Table CLII. — Amount, kind, and dirrction of clouds and amount of precipitation, February, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
^=f8l<>4S' ?. = — 64»4S' =— 4'' 19"'
Date.
I a. m.
0
0
4 str.
S»tr.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
0
6 cir.
2 ci. cu.
4 cu. str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
4 cir.
0
0
0
0
2 str.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
S a. m.
6 a. m.
2 -
\
0
0
Sslr.
10 str.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
0
3 cir.
0
7 cu. str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
I cir.
0
0
0
0
4 str.
0
0
Sstr.
10 sir.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
0
0
4 cir.
0
9 cu. str.
10 nim.
10 nim,
0
0
0
0
0
2 str.
0
0
5 str.
10 nmi.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
10 nim.
Scum.
0
0
0
0
3 cir.
0
6 cu. str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
0
0
0
10 sir.
0
2 str.
0
0
7 str.
10 nim.
0
0
0
2 str.
0
0
0
10 nim.
5 cum.
0
0
0
3 cir.
2 cir.
0
6 cu. sir,
10 nim.
10 nim.
0
0
0
10 str.
0
2 str.
0
0
7 sir.
10 nim.
0
0
0
4 str.
0
0
0
10 str.
10 str.
0
0
0
3 ci. str.
7 cir.
0
10 cu. str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
I str.
I sir.
0
10 str.
0
3 str.
4
s
6
7
8 --
Q
10
II
12
IT,
14 .
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
2? .
24
2?
26
27 _
28
Means _
2.0
2. I
2. I
2.6
2.8
3-4
Total
-
Date.
I p. m.
2 p. m. 3 p. m.
4 p.m.
S p. m. 6 p. m.
I
2
3 str.
S str.
3 str.
0
3 str-
3 str.
3 str.
I ci.slr.
1 cir.
2 cum.
3 cir.
10 str.
2 cir.
I cir.
0
0
8 cu. str.
8 ci. cu.
3 str.
10 sir.
10 nim.
3 str.
5 str.
3 str.
0
3 str.
3 str.
3 str.
I ci. .str.
1 cir.
0
2 cir.
10 .str.
2 cir.
I cir.
0
0
7 cum.
Scum.
S str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
I str.
I str.
I str.
10 str.
0
0
2 str.
5 str.
3 str.
0
4 str.
3 sir.
3 str.
I cum.
I cir.
0
1 cir.
10 str.
2 cir.
3 cir.
0
0
5 ci. sir.
4 cum.
3 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
I str.
I sir.
0
6 str.
0
0
0
sstr.
3 str.
0
sstr.
4 str.
3 str.
I cum.
I cir.
0
I cir.
10 str.
1 cir.
3 cir.
0
0
2 str.
0
2 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
I sir.
1 str.
0
2 str.
0
0
0
7 sir.
2 str.
0
sstr.
2 str.
2 str.
I cum.
0
0
I cir.
I str.
1 cir.
3 cir.
0
0
Scir.
0
2 str.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
0
2 str.
0
0
0
0
0
7 str.
2 sir.
0
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
I cum.
0
0
I cir.
I sir.
1 cir.
2 cir.
0
0
10 cir.
0
1 str.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 nim.
0
2 str.
0.
0
0
0
\
4
s
6
7. .-_ -- -
8
9 .
10
II.
12
n
14
IS _
16
17
18
19...
20
21
22
10 nim.
I str.
0
I str.
10 str.
0
0
21
24 ..
25
26
27 - ---
28
Means
3-6
3-6 1 3. I
2-7
23
2-3
^ 4
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
355
6 a. m.
r str.
) nim.
3
0
0
4 str.
o
o
o
[Q str.
10 str.
o
o
o
3 ci. str.
7 cir.
o
10 cu. str.
ID nim.
lo nim.
I str.
I str.
o
lo str.
o
1 3 s'r-
3-4
6 p.m.
o
7 str.
2 str.
o
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
I cum.
o
o
I cir.
I str.
1 cir.
2 cir.
o
o
10 cir.
o
1 str.
10 nim.
lo str.
lo nim.
o
2 str.
o
o
o
o
2-3
FEBRUARY, 1883.
Table CLH. — Amount, kind, and dhection of clouds and amount 0/ precipitation, February, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
^:= + 8l»44' A = — 64''45' = — 41' I9">
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a.m.
Noon.
I'rucipilalion.
Date.
lH(h.:s.
mm.
0
2 str.
istr.
4 str,
4 str.
istr.
4 str.
3 str.
I str.
4 str.
3 str.
2 str.
Sslr.
3 sir.
2 str.
sstr.
3 str.
I
2
5 str.
3
10 mm.
6 str.
I str.
0
0
0
.04
1.0
4
0
2 cum.
2 str.
3cu.str.
4 cu. blr.
2 str.
5
0
2 str.
0
3 str.
I sir.
3 str.
I str.
3 str.
I str.
3 str.
2 str.
3 str.
6
7
..
0
0
0
I str.
5 cum.
0
3 cum.
0
4 cu. str.
I cir.
I cum., I str.
I cir.
8
9
I cir.
3 ci. cu.
I ci. cu.
0
I cum.
2 cum.
10
0
0
0
0
3 cir.
3 cir.
. »
*
II
ID str.
9 cu. str.
ID sir.
ID Sir.
10 str.
10 str.
.01
0. 2
12
ID mm.
10 mm.
9 str.
Sstr.
2 cum.
2 cir.
. *
»
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
0
0
0
0
0
0
'S
16
17
0
I cum.
0
3 cu. str.
0
4 cu. str.
0
I str.
0
4 cu. str.
0
3 ci. cu., 6 str.
2 cir.
3 cir.
3 ci. str.
4 str.
3 ci. str.
S ci.cu.
■ S ci, cu.
18
2 str.
2 str.
10 str.
10 str.
4 str.
10
10 str.
10 str.
ID str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
.02
0.5
20
10 mm.
10 nim.
ID mm.
10 mm.
ID nim.
10 mm.
•03
0.8
21
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
ID nim.
10 mm.
.05
••3
22
1 str.
2 str.
I sir.
10 sir.
0
5 str.
I str.
3 cir.
1 str.
ID str.
0
2 str.
I str.
I str.
istr.
ID str,
0
0
I str.
I .Mr.
istr.
ID str.
0
0
istr,
0
I str.
10 str.
0
0
I str.
0
istr.
10 str,
0
0
23
24
2S
26
27
28
3-4
35
34
3-4
3-6
35
O.IS
3.8
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
Daily means.
Date.
I
3 str.
2 str.
3 str.
2 str.
0
0
I.O
Sstr.
sstr.
sstr.
sstr.
sstr.
S str.
3-2
2
2 str.
0
0
0
0
0
30
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
30
4
2 str.
3 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2.0
5
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
1.4
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
>-4
7
I cum.
istr.
istr.
0
0
0
I. 2
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
03
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.4
10
I cir.
I cir.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
2-4
II
0
0
0
0
0
0
6.7
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
30
13
I str.
0
0
0
0
0
0.6
«4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0. 0
>S
0
0
4 cum.
2 cum.
0
0
0. 2
16
10 cir.
ID cir.
ID cir.
10 cir.
8 cir.
10 cir.
S«
17
0
I cir.
2 cir.
8 cir.
10 cir.
3 cir.
3-8
18
istr.
6 str.
3 cum., 4 sir.
S cum., 3 str.
10 str.
8 cum., 2 str.
3-8
19
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
ID mm.
10 mm.
10 nun.
9.2
20
6 cum., 2 str.
10 ci. sir.
ID mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
9.9
21
10 mm.
10 str.
3 str.
istr.
I str.
I sir.
8.6
22
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.7
23
2 str.
0
0
0
0
0
0.7
24
0
0
0
0
0
0
0-3
2S
0
0
0
0
0
0
4.9
26
0
0
0
0
2 str.
2 sir.
0. 2
27
I str.
I str.
istr.
0
0
0
1.0
s8
2. I
2. 2
2.S
2.S
2S
^•3
2.8
f PI
i
I
1: 1'
I
* Inappreciable.
in
111;
:f
Ilii
5 : 1
f'.
S-
^a
i ^
356
THIi LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
MARCH, 1883.
Tablu CLlll. —A/niJunf, kind, and direction 0/ clouds and amount of precipitation, March, 1883,
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
^= + 81"" 44' X = — 64'>4S' = — 4I1 19'"
Date.
I a. m.
2 a. m.
•
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
S a. m.
6 a. m.
J
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
4 str.
10 .sir.
10 str.
10 .str.
3
0
0
0
2 str.
2 str.
4 ci. str.
4
Sstr.
Sslr.
Sstr.
Sstr.
10 str.
10 str.
5 -
0
0
0
0
2 str.
2 str.
6 . .
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2 str.
0
3 str.
0
3 str.
7
8
10 sir.
10 nun.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
n
0
10 sir.
I str.
0
10 str.
2 str.
0
10 .sir.
3 sir.
0
10 .str.
4 str.
0
10 str.
2 str.
0
9 str.
I str.
12
13
•4 -
!o str.
10 str.
10 .sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
'S - -
3 cum.
3 cum.
2 cum.
4 cum.
3 cum.
2 cum.
16
0
0
0
0
0
I cum.
0
I cum.
0
0
0
0
I str.
0
0
0
0
I str.
0
0
0
2 cum,
0
0
0
1 str.
3 ci. str.
0
2 ci. str.
0
17
18
10 .
20 . ...
21
0
10 str.
10 nim.
0
10 str.
10 nim.
0
10 str.
8 cu. sir.
0
10 nim.
10 cu. str.
0
10 nim.
S cu. str.
0
10 nim.
S cu. str.
22 .
23 -.-■ --
24 --
2 str.
2 str.
0
0
0
0
25
10 nim.
10 nnn.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
26
10 str.
10 .str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
27
10 mm.
10 str.
10 nnn.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 str.
Sstr.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
28
29
10 htr.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
30
10 nim.
10 nnn.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
3« -
Means
2 str.
2 sir.
0
0
0
0
4.0
41
4-3
45
45
4-7
Total
Date.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
3pm.
4 p. m.
Sp. m.
6 p. m.
I -
6 str.
9 str.
Sstr.
Sstr.
6 str.
sstr.
2
10 nmi.
10 nnn.
10 nmi.
10 mm.
7 str.
Sstr.
3
3 str.
10 ci. sir.
10 ci. str.
10 str.
10 str.
9 str.
4 - -•
10 nun.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 str.
5 cu. str.
5 cu. str.
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
10 str.
7 cir., 3 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
7 -
3 cir.
5 cir.
10 ci. str.
10 cir.
2 str.
3 str.
8 — -
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
10 -
0
S ci. str.
8 cum.
8 ci. str.
3 cum.
0
5 ci. str.
8 cum.
10 ci. str.
Sci.slr.
0
4 ci.str.
8 cum.
10 sir.
8 ci. .str.
0
2 cum.
4 cum.
10 str.
3 ci. str.
0
2 cum.
I cum.
10 str.
4 ci. sir.
0
7 cu. str.
5 cum.
lo str.
4 ci. str.
II
12 .
i-i .
14
15
10 cir.
4 ci. sir., 4 str.
10 ci. cu.
2 ci. sir., 6 str.
8 ci. .sir.
2 ci. .sir., 3 str.
Sstr.
I str.
10 .str.
I str.
10 str.
0
16 _.
17 -
I sir.
1 str.
I str.
I str.
I str.
I str.
18
0
1 ci. str.
0
2 cir.
10 nim.
0
0
0
I cir.
10 nim.
0
0
0
2 cir.
10 nim.
2 ci. str.
0
0
2 cir.
10 nim.
Scum.
0
0
2 cir.
10 nim.
3 cum.
0
0
2 cir.
10 nim.
10
20.
21
22 _
23
S ou.slr.
5 cu. str.
6 cu. str.
7 cu. str.
7 cu. str.
S cu. str.
24 --
0
0
0
2 cir.
2 str.
10 nim.
25 ----
9 str.
10 str.
10 .sir.
10 .str.
9 cu. str.
10 cu. str.
26
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
27
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
28
10 cu. sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
29
8 ci. str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
30
0
2 ci. sir.
0
0
0
0
3>
Means
0
0
0
0
0
0
5-2
5-9
5.8
5-5
S-i
5-4
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
357
6 a. m.
tr.
:i. str.
tr.
tr.
itr.
)im.
itr.
itr.
>tr.
cum.
>tr.
ci. str.
ci. str.
mm.
cu. str.
nim.
nim.
str.
nim.
nim.
nim.
4-7
6 p. m.
:u. str.
itr.
:u. str.
:um.
tr.
,str.
tr.
ir.
lim.
u. str.
lim.
u. st"-.
im.
im.
im.
im.
5-4
MARCH, 1883.
Table CLIII. — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, March, 1883.
Washington mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49">
^ = 4-8i»44'
A =-64° 45'
= -4>' 19™
I'recipit
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
Noon.
ation, 1
Date.
Inches,
mm.
Q
2 str.
2 str.
3 ci. str.
Sstr.
3 ci, str,
10 sir.
4 str.
10 nim.
I
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
.06 1
«S
2
4 ci.str.
4 ci.str.
9 ci. str.
8 ci. str.
2 str.
2 str.
3
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
.04
1,0
4
4 str.
4 str.
2 sir.
I str.
0
0
S
3 cir.
6 ci. str.
3 ci, str,, 3 str,
8 ci, str,, 2 str.
_ __J
6
3 str.
3 str.
9 cir,, I sir.
6 cir.
7
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
•OS
«-3
8
0
I CI. cum.
0
0
0
0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
10
0
0
3 cir.
5 ci. sir.
5 ci, str.
4 ci.str.
II
4 str.
1 str.
6 cu. str.
6 cu str.
10 cum.
10 cum
10 cum.
12
0
0
5 ci,str.
5 cum.
8 ci.str.
'3
•4
5 str.
6 str.
10 str.
8 cum.
2 cum.
, ...»
»
I cum.
1 cum.
0
5 cir.
7 ci.str.
7 cir.
9 ci.,str.
7 cir,
5 ci,slr,,2 sir.
;i
3 ci.str.
4 ci. str.
6 ci. str.
5 ci. str.
2 ci.cum.
8 ci. str.
7 cu, str., 2 str,
0
7 cu, sir,
0
17
18
2 ci. str.
I ci. str.
0
_.-...
4 cum.
0
7 cum.
0
0
0
I ci, str.
0
19
20
0
0
0
0
I ci.str.
2 ci. str.
3 cir.
3 cir.
3 cir.
3 cir.
. _
21
ID nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
.14
i<'
22
4 cu. str.
I cum.
2 cu. str.
4 cu. str.
6 cu, sir.
7 cu, sir.
.02
o-S
23
I cir.
I cir.
3 cir.
I cir.
0
0
.01
0, 2
24
5 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 nmi.
.02
0,5 .
25
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
5 ci.str,, 5 sir.
5 ci, sir,, 3 str.
10 ci.str.
,02
o,s t
26
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
. II
2.8
27
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
8 cum.
3 cum.
locu,str, '
,05
1-3
28
10 .str.
8 str.
9 str.
10 str.
Sstr.
S ci, sir,, 3 sir.
,04
1,0
29
10 nim.
10 mm.
0
0
0
0
•OS
1-3
30
0
0
0
0
0
0
31
Date.
1
4-4
4.8
4-9
S-4
5-2
S-2
- - ■ -
1
0.61 15.5
Daily means.
" 1
7p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midnight,
3 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2,9
3 str.
2 str.
I str.
1 str.
0
0
6.3
2
10 str.
5 str.
5 str.
S str.
sstr.
sstr.
S^2
3
4 cu. str.
3 cu. str.
3 cu. str.
3 .str.
2 str.
0
^■^
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0,6
5
10 str.
10 str.
4 str.
I str.
0
0
4,8
6
3 str.
2 str.
4 str.
4 str.
5 str.
10 str.
4.4
7
9 str.
8 str.
Sstr.
3 str.
2 sir.
I str.
8,7
8
0
I str.
0
0
0
0
0, I
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0,0
i 10
7 ci. str.
8 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 .str.
4,0
II
4 cum.
3 cu. str.
3 ci. str.
2 str.
I str.
I str.
6,4
12
8 str.
S str.
6 ci. str.
4 ci.str.
3 ci.str.
10 cum.
S^'
13
6 str.
10 nim.
10 str.
3 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
7-3
14
10 str.
9 str.
I str.
0
0
0
4,8
«5
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.5
16
0
0
0
0
0
0
2,0
•7
4 cum.
2 str.
I str.
0
0
0
1,2
18
0
0
0
0
0
0
0,6
«9
0
0
2 cum.
I cum.
0
0
0, 1
20
3 ci. str.
8 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 .sir.
3-2
21
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10,0
22
10 str.
10 str.
3 str.
3 str.
3 sir.
3 str.
6,2
23
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
3-5
24
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 ,str.
10 sir.
10 str.
9-1
2S
10 mm.
10 nmi.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
9,9
26
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
9.6
27
ID mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
4,9
28
10 mm.
10 nnn.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
9,5
29
I ci.cum.
2 cum.
4 cum.
0
I cum.
2 str.
3^8
30
0
0
0
0
0
0
1 0. 2
3«
5-3
5-2
4,6
3-9
4,0
4-3
4.8
* Inaprccinble,
1 !
358
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
APRIL, 1883.
Table CLIV. — Amount, kind, ami direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, April, 1883.
Wajhint;ton mean lime. Kviliicv to local mean time by adding 49"<
^ = 4-81° 44' /.= — 64°4S' = — 4i' IQ"-
II
Date.
1 a. m.
3 a. m.
3 a.m.
4 a. m.
S a. m.
6 a, m.
I
0
0
0
6 cum.
10 sir.
1 str.
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
5 cum.
3ci.str.
2 cum.
2 cum.
0
4 cum,
2 cum.
10 nim,
8 cum,
0
4 cum.
Scir.
0
0
0
2 ci. str., 8 cir.
10 str.
8 str.
9 cir.
0
0
0
8 cum.
10 str.
1 str.
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
7 cum.
3 cum,
2 cum.
I cum.
0
S cum.
0
10 nim.
8 str.
0
5 cum.
5 cir.
0
0
0
8 cir.
lo str.
10 nim,
5 cir.
0
0
0
8 cum.
10 str.
3 cum.
0
10 nim.
0
0
1 cum,
5 cum,
3 cum.
2 cum,
0
0
3 cum,
0
10 nim.
8 str.
0
3 cum,
3 cir,
0
0
0
10 cir.
9 str,
10 nim.
3 cir.
0
0
0
7 cum.
10 str.
4 cum.
0
10 nim.
0
0
0
6 cum.
3 cum,
2 cum,
1 cum.
0
4 cum.
0
10 nim.
2 str.
0
2 cum.
2 cir.
0
0
0
10 str.
8 cir.
10 nim.
I cir.
0
0
0
7 cum,
10 nim,
5 cum.
4 cum.
10 nim,
0
0
0
7 ci. sir.
4 str.
4 cum.
0
0
2 cum.
2 cum.
10 iiiin,
0
0
2 cum,
0
0
0
0
10 str.
8 cir,
10 nim,
0
0
0
0
6 cum.
10 nim.
2 cum.
9 cum.
10 nim.
0
0
0
9 ci. str.
1 sir.
4 cum.
3 cir.
0
2 cum.
1 cum.
10 cum.
0
0
2 cum.
0
0
0
t
10 str.
8 cir.
10 nim.
0
2
3
4
g
7 . .
8 ...
9
10
II
12
13
14
15
.6 :..::..
li :::::::::::::
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30-...
Means
Total
3-6
3.6
3-4
31
3-2
3-3
Date.
1 p. m.
2 p. m.
3 p.m.
4p. m.
5 p.m.
6 p, m.
1
2 .
0
0
0
8 cu. str.
9 str.
I ci. str.
10 nim.
1 ci. str.
7 cu. str.
0
0
7 ci. str.
6 cir.
7 ci. str.
6 ci. str.
0
0
0
0
0
2 str.
8 ci. str,
I ci. str.
0
0
5 cir.
0
I cum.
0
0
0
0
0
8 cu. str.
4 str,
1 ci. str.
10 nim.
1 ci, str.
5 cu. str.
0
0
5 ci. str.
8 cir.
9 cum.
3 ci. str.
0
0
0
0
0
S ci. str,
9 ci, str.
2 ci. tr.
0
0
8 cir.
3 cir.
I cum.
0
0
0
0
0
5 cu. str.
2 str.
0
10 nim.
0
3 cu.str,
0
0
6 ci. sir.
10 cir.
9 cum.
0
0
0
I str.
0
0
4 ci.str,,4 str.
3 ci. str,, 7 str.
0
0
0
10 cir.
4 cir.
0
0
0
0
0
0
6 cu. str.
3 ci. str.
0
10 nim.
0
2 str,
0
0
6 ci. str.
10 cir.
3 cum.
0
0
0
I str.
0
0
4 ci.str.. 2 str,
10 ,str.
1 ci. str.
0
0
10 cir.
5 cir.
0
0
0
0 ■
0
0
7 cum,
5 cir,
0
10 nim,
0
1 cum,
0
0
6 ci. str.
Scir.
4 cum.
0
I cir.
0
3 cum.
0
0
lo .sir.
5 cir., 5 str,
3 cir,
0
0
10 cum,
4 cir,
I cum,
0
0
0
0
0
8 cum.
7 cir.
I cum.
10 nim.
0
1 cum.
0
0
5 ci. str.
6 cir.
4 cum., 5 str.
0
2 cir,
I str,
9 cum,
0
0
10 .sir,
10 cir,
4 cir,
0
0
10 cum.
3 cir.
4 cum.
0
0
3
4 - -.
S
6
7
8
9
10 .__
ir
12
13 .
14
'5
16
17
18
10
20
21 _.
22 ..,
23
24 . _
25
26
27
28
29
30
Means
2,6
2.7
2.6
2.4
2.8
3-3
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
359
Table C LI V.-
APRIL, 1883.
-Amount, kiml^ and direction of clouds iind itmounf 0/ />rfci/>ilation, April^ 1883.
7 a. nt.
0
0
0
9 cum.
10 mm.
3 cum.
10 cum.
10 mm.
0
0
I ci. str.
9 ci. str.
2 cir., I s
6 cum.
3cir.
0
0
0
8 cum.
0
0
2 cum.
0
0
0
0
10 str.
9cir.
10 nim.
0
str.
3-4
Washington mean lime.
^ = + 81" 44'
Reduce to local mean time liy ail<liii[; 4<>'«
•K - — 64" 45' = — 4* 19"'
8 a.
o
o
o
10 cum.
10 nim.
1 cum.
10 cum.
10 nim.
str.
o
o
9 ci. !>tr.
J cu. str.
4 cum.
6 cir.
o
o
o
8 cum.
2 cum.
o
2 cum.
o
o
o
o
10 str.
7 cir.
10 nim.
o
9 a. m.
O
o
o
10 cum.
10 nim.
>
1 1 1 str.
lu cum.
o
o
I ci. str.
9 ci. str.
1 cir.
2 cum.
4 cir.
o
o
o
7 CM. .str.
3 ci. str.
o
I cum.
o
o
o
o
10 str.
7 cir.
10 nim.
o
2,-l
3-2
1 CI. sir.
o
2 ci. sir., I str.
10 nim.
o
10 CU. sir.
10 CU. str.
o
o
2 ci. sir.
10 ci.str.
o
3 cum.
4 cir.
o
o
o
9 CU. sir.
2 ci. str.
o
o
o
o
o
o
to str.
4 cum,
10 nim.
o
II a. m.
Noon,
0
0
I ci, str.
0
0
0
10 cu. str.
8 CU. str.
10 nim.
10 CU. sir.
0
0
9 CU. sir.
10 str.
8 ci. sir.
3ci.slr.
1 CU. sir.
4 CU. sir.
0
0
2 ci. str.
0
8 ci. str.
7 ci. sir.
2 cir.
2 cir.
2 ci. str.
3 ci. sir.
7 ci. str.
6 ci. str.
0
0
0
0
0
0
10 cu.str.
3 cu. str.
0
0
I ci. str.
2 ci. sir., I str.
0
2 ci. sir.
I str.
I ci. sir.
0
0
0
0
0
0
10 sir.
3 str.
0
0
10 nim.
2 str.
0
0
I'recipitation. I Date.
Iiicliii. mm.
, 02 , 0.5
.04
,03
I.O
0,5
.01
0,2
.03
0,5
.03 I 0.8
2.9
3 '
3-2
o. 14
I
3
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
13
«3
14
15
16
17
18
'9
30
31
33
24
25
36
27
28
29
30
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9p. m.
10 p, m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
0
Daily means.
Date.
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0. I
2
0
I cum.
2 cum.
4 cum.
5 cum.
7 cum.
0.8
3
7 cum.
6 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
7.8
4
7 cir.
3 str.
3 str.
2 str.
2 str.
2 sir.
7.0
S
I cum.
2 cum.
2 cum.
2 cum.
2 cum.
3 cum.
i*
6
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
8.0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
4-7
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,0
9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0,0
10
0
0
0
0
2 cum.
4 cum.
o.S
II
7 ci. sir.
8 ci. str.
8 ci. str.
8 ci. str.
8 ci. str.
8ci.slr.
7-?
12
4 cir.
3 cir.
7 cir.
6 cir.
6 cir.
8 cir.
4,6
«3
S cir., 3 cum.
5 cum.
3 cum.
4 cum.
4 cum.
2 cum.
4-3
•4
0
0
0
0
0
0
1,9
IS
9 cum.
10 cum.
8 cum.
4 cum.
4 cum.
4 cum.
1,8
lb
0
0
0
0
I sir.
I sir.
1,0
17
8 cum.
9 cum.
3 cum,, 7 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
30
18
0
0
0
1 cum.
I cum.
3 cum.
4,6
«9
I cum.
0
0
0
0
0
1.4
20
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 str.
3 cum., 2 sir.
4.2
31
10 cir.
10 cir.
10 cir.
10 cir.
8 cir.
5 cir.
5,6
22
S cir.
3<:'r-
4 cir.
7 cir.
5 cir.
3 cir.
2.3
23
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
24
0
0
0
0
0
0
0. 2
2S
10 cum.
10 str.
9 str.
8 str.
4 ci. cu., 3 str.
0 cir.
4-3
26
2 cir.
I cir.
2 str.
7 str.
10 cu. str.
10 cu.str.
6,8
27
6 cu. str.
I cum.
0
0
0
2 str.
4,0
28
0
I cir.
I cir.
I cir.
0
0
4-7
29
2 cir.
3 ci. cu.
4 ci, cu.
3 ci. cu.
I cum.
0
1-3
: 30
3.6
3-2
3-4
3-6
3-5
34
3'S
' Inappreciable,
300
TQK LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
II iii
! .
i i|
ir;!
f\t[
u»u.
I
a
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
lo
II
13
«3
14
•S
■ 6.
>7
l8.
>9.
20 .
21
22 .
2.5-
24
25 -
26 .
27
28 .
29 -
3"-
3' -
Means .
Total .
Date.
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8.
9
lo
II
12
•3
«4
>S
i6.
«7 ■
i8.
19-
20 .
2! .
22 .
23 -
24.
25-
26.
27 -
28.
29-
30-
3' -
Means .
MAY, 1883.
TAni.F. ri,V. — AmoHiif, kind, and direction of ihiuls ami amount of predpUat'wn, May, 1883.
Waiiliinglon mean time, Keduce lu lucnl mean time liy adding 49'n
f-:T + 8l'»44'
I a. m.
o
8 cum.
o
6 ci. str.
o
o
o
o
o
a cum.
7 cir.
2 cum,
8 str.
lonim.
9ci. cu.
lonim.
o
I ci. cu.
4 cum.
7 Mr.
5 cu. sir.
8 cu. str.
Fog.
lonim.
lonim.
lonim.
lonim.
10 str.
7 cum.
lonim.
6 cum.
5-5
a a. m.
o
10 cu. str,
1 ci.str.
4 ci. sir.
o
o
e
o
o
2 cum,
8 cum.
7 cum.
10 sir.
10 nim.
3 cir., 5 cu. sir.
10 nim.
o
o
5 cum.
10 sir.
8 cu. .sir.
10 cu, .sir.
Kog.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim. •
10 nim.
10 str.
7 cum.
10 nim,
8 cum.
6.0
I p. ni.
5 ci. cu.
10 nim.
4 cir.
I cir.
1 cum.
o
o
o
3 ci. .sir.
7 ci. str,
2 cir.
1 cir.
10 nim.
10 str.
Scum.
10 nim.
8 cir.
o
3 ci. cu.
2 cir.
10 str.
o
8 ci. sir.
10 str.
10 nim,
10 nim,
10 nim,
10 nim,
10 str,
2 cum. '
6 cum.
2 p. m.
9 cum.
10 nim.
6 cir.
1 cir.
o
o
o
o
2 ci. sir.
6 ci. str.
I cir.
1 cir.
10 nim,
ID str.
9 cum.
10 nim,
8 cir,
o
9 cum.
2 cir.
10 str.
o
9 ci. sir.
10 str,
10 nim,
10 nim.
10 nim.
5 cu.sir,
10 nim.
2 cum,
4 cum.
0
4 dr., 6 ilr.
o
2 ci. str.
o
o
e
o
o
3 cum,
8 cum.
8 cum.
10 sir.
10 nim.
9 cu. str.
10 nim.
o
o
5 cum.
10 sir,
10 cu. sir.
10 sir.
2 ci. cu.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 sir.
4 cum.
10 nim.
8 cum.
5-8
o
5 cir,, 5 sir
o
o
o
0
e
o
o
3 cum,
5 cum.
8 cum.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 cu. str.
10 nim.
o
o
8 cu. .sir.
8 str.
10 str,
10 sir,
2 ci. cu.
10 nim.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 .sir.
I cir.
10 sir.
6 cum.
55
o
S cir,, 5 .sir.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
3 cum.
5 cum.
7 cum.
10 str,
10 nim.
10 cu. str.
10 nim.
o
o
8 cu. str.
3 ci. cu.
10 .sir.
10 sir.
4 ci. cu,
10 nim.
10 sir.
10 nim,
10 nim,
10 nim.
2 cir.
10 str.
10 cum.
5-5
4 cir.
10 nim.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
1 cum.
3 cum.
7 cum.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 cu. str.
10 nim.
o
o
3 ci, cu.
2 str.
10 sir.
5 sir.
4 ci.cu.
10 nim.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
3 cir-
8 cum.
10 cum.
5^2
3 P- m-
4 p. m.
Spm.
55
5.6
7 ci. CU,
10 nim,
5 cir.
I cir.
o
1 str.
o
o
2 ci. str.
6 cir.
3 cir.
o
10 nim.
10 sir.
9 cum.
10 nim.
7 cir.
o
8 cum.
3 cir.
10 nim.
o
10 ci.str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim,
10 nim.
6 cu. str.
10 nim.
I cum.
4 cum.
5-6
6 cum.
10 nim.
7 cir.
2 cir.
o
o
o
o
o
4 cir.
4 cir.
o
10 nim.
10 sir.
8 cum.
10 nim.
6 cir.
o
4 ci. cu.
3 cir.
10 nim.
o
10 ci. str.
10 nim.
10 nim,
10 nim,
10 nim,
9 cum,
10 nim,
2 cum.
5 cum.
J-S
7 cum.
10 nim.
7 cir.
2 cir.
o
o
o
o
o
1 cir.
2 cir.
o
10 nim.
10 .sir.
10 str.
9 cum.
5 ci, cu., 2 sir.
o
5 ci. cu.
2 cir.
10 nim.
1 ci. sir.
loci. sir.
10 nim,
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
8 cum.
10 nim.
2 cum.
Scum.
5-4
6 p. m.
5 CI. cu.
10 nim.
7 cir.
o
o
o
o
o
o
4 cir.
I cir.
o
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
9 cum.
6 ci. cu,, 2 sir,
o
8 cum,
I cir.
10 nim.
I ci. sir,
9 ci. str,
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
8 cum.
10 nim.
I cum.
5 ci. cu.
54
i
TUB LADY rilAKKLLN BAY KXl'liDlIlON.
361
6 k. m.
% cir.
a nim.
0
o
o
o
o
o
o
I cum.
3 cum.
7 cum.
ID sir.
lo nim.
ID cu. str.
ID nim,
o
o
3 ci. cu.
2 str.
ID str.
5 str.
4 ci.cu.
ID nim.
lo str.
lo nim.
lo nim.
lo nim.
3 cir.
Scum.
to cum.
5-
6 p. m.
S ci.cu.
lo nim.
7 cir.
o
o
o
o
o
o
4 cir.
I cir.
o
ID nim.
lo -str.
lostr.
9 cum.
6 ci. cu., 2 str.
o
8 cum.
I cir.
10 nim.
I ci. str.
9 ci. str.
lo nim.
ID nim.
ID nim.
10 nim.
8 cum.
10 nim.
I cum.
5 ci.cu.
54
MAY, i88j.
Taiili'. CLV. — Amount, kiiid^ titid direction of ctouds and iviioiint i/ preci/iitiitioii, Afity, 1883.
Wa.sliingtuii menn time. Kcduiv to local iman tiniv l>y »il<liii|; 49'"
#^4-81° 44' A -64° 45' —4'' 19"'
7 a. m.
8 cum.
8 n. m.
6 cum.
9 a. m.
7 cum.
10 a. m.
6 cum.
II a. m,
7 cnin.
Noon.
8 cum.
l'ri-ci|>itation.
Date.
1
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nini.
.06
'•5
3
0
0
0
2 cir.
2 cir.
a cir.
......
3
0
0
0
2 cir.
0
0
4
0
1 cum.
1 cum.
3 cum.
5 cum.
4 cum.
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
1 str.
0
1 str.
0
1 Mr.
0
(>
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
3 str.
scir.
0
9
10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
II
scum.
10 >tr.
3 cum.
10 nim.
3 cir.
10 nim.
a cum.
2 cum.
1 cir.
la
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
.14
.1.6
'3
10 mm.
lo nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 .str.
10 str.
.01
0.2
"4
10 cu. str.
10 cu. .str.
10 sir.
6 cum., 4 str.
9 cum.
8 cum.
.03
OS
I.S
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
.OS
13
16
0
I cir.
3 cir.
Scir.
3 cir.
7 cir.
"7
0
a ci. cu.
I str.
10 str.
0
a ci. str.
1 sir.
8 cu. str.
0
4 ci. cu.
2 cum.
locum.
0
6ci. cu.
2 cir.
locum.
0
2 ci.cu.
2 cir.
9 cum.
0
4 ci. cu.
2 cir.
locum.
18
19
ao
. »
. »
31
3 cu. str.
0
0
0
0
0
33
S ci. str.
S ci. str.
4 ci. str.
6 ci. str.
7 ci. str.
8 ci. str.
.01
0.2
23
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 .sir.
. -•-•
»
24
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
• oi
0.8
2.S
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
.07
1.8
26
10 nm>.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nnn.
•OS
"3
27
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
.04
1. 0
28
10 cir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
.09
2.3
39
5 cum.
5 cum.
4 cum.
4 cum.
3 cum.
2 cum.
.01
0.2
.^0
locum.
5 cum.
4 cum.
8 cum.
3 cum.
2 cu. str.
3'
s«
4-7
4.6
5.4
S-o
5-6
1
0.58
>4-7
i
* Inappreciable.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
ID p. m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
Daily means.
Date.
7 ci. cu.
locum.
10 cum.
locum.
S cir., 2 cum.
8 cum.
5-7
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
8 str.
7 sir.
9-7
2
7 cir.
7 cir.
7 cir.
7 cir.
7 cir.
7 cir.
35
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.9
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.7
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0. 2
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
8
0
0
0
0
S cum.
3 cum.
0.8
9
7 CI. cu.
7 CI. cu.
4 cum.
6 cum.
4 cum.
4 cum.
30
10
0
0
1 cir.
0
0
0
2. 1
II
0
0
0
4 cum.
9 cum.
9 cu. sir.
3-3
12
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10.0
'3
10 str.
10 .str.
10 str.
10 str.
8 ci.str.
9 ci. str.
9.9
14
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
9-4
«.S
8 cum.
7 cum.
1 cum.
0
0
0
8. 1
16
6ci. cu.
5 CI. cu.
4 ci.cu.
4 ci. cu.
3 ci. cu.
3 ci. cu.
3-7
'7
0
0
0
0
4 01. cu.
5 ci. cu.
0.4
18
2 cir., 6 cum.
9 cum.
9 cum.
locum.
lo sir.
10 str.
6.1
19
0 *
1 cum.
0 cum.
7 cir.
10 cum.
10 cum.
4.0
20
10 nim.
10 cum.
10 cum.
'j str.
10 str.
locum.
9.6
21
1 cir.
3 cir.
4 cir.
2 cir.
3 cir.
4 cir.
30
22
4 ci.str.,4 cum.
locum.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
7.5
23
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10.0
24
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10.0
25
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
, 10. 0
2()
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10. 0
27
locum.
8 cum.
2 cum.
7 cum.
2 cum.
0
8. I
28
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
8.S
29
1 cum.
S cum.
2 cum.
1 cum.
1 cum.
4 cum.
4-4
30
6 cum.
4 cum.
4 cum.
3 cum.
4 cum.
4 cum.
S-9
3'
5-4
5-7
5-3
i-S
s(>
5-7
5-4
I '^
362
THE LADY FKANKLIX BAY EXPEDITION.
JUNE, 1883.
Tahle Cl.W.—Amounl, kinJ, and dirfclinn of t loud s and amount of f>rfci(<iliitum^ yunr, 1883.
Wtiihinylcin iiicaii time. Kediicc Id IocuI nii'nii lime liy aililiii); 49'"
0 I Sl° 44' ? -64° 45' 4" 19"'
Dale.
I ....
3
.1 .-.
4 ---.
5 --.
6 ....
7 ....
8 ....
9
10
II
13
IJ .-..
14 -...
15 ---
16 ....
17 -...
18 ....
19 ....
20
31
33
33 - —
34 .—
35 ....
36....
37 ....
38 ....
39 ....
30 ....
Means .
Total . .
Date.
I ...
3 ...
3 --
4 —
5 .-
6 ....
7 --•
« ...
9 —
10 ...
11 ...
13 ...
•3 --.
14 ---
'5 --
16 ....
17
18 ...
19 ...
30 ._.
31 ...
33 ...
33 -
34 _..
35 . ..
36 ...
37 ...
38 ...
39 ---
30 ...
scum,
5 cir.
o
3 cir.
6 cum.
10 str.
6 cum.
9 cum.
o
9 cum.
10 sir.
10 nil)).
9 sir.
2 cum.
o
3 cum.
10 Btr.
10 sir.
o
10 nim.
10 cu. str.
o
to nim,
10 str.
10 cu. sir.
10 .sir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 sir.
71
2 .1. Ml.
3 cum.
8 cir.
o
4 ci. cu.
locum.
10 sir.
locum.
8 cum.
o
10 sir.
10 str.
10 nim.
9 cum.
3 cum.
o
4 cum,
10 str.
10 str.
o
10 nim.
10 cu. sir.
o
10 nim.
10 str.
8 cu. str.
10 sir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 str.
7-4
3*. m.
t cum.
10 cir.
o
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 nim.
9 cum.
8 cum.
o
10 str.
10 sir.
10 nim.
9 cum.
I cum.
o
Koj;.
10 str.
10 str.
o
to nim.
10 cu. str.
o
to nim.
9 str.
7 cum.
to sir.
10 nim.
10 nim.
to nim.
10 str.
7.7
4 n. m.
4 cum.
to sir.
o
to sir.
10 sir.
to nim.
10 cum.
3 cum.
o
to sir.
to sir.
to sir.
7 cum.
I cum.
o
I cir.
10 str.
to cum.
t cum.
to nim.
to cu. sir.
o
to nim.
9 str.
7 cum.
to sir.
10 nim.
to nim.
9 sir.
10 str.
7.a
S •• m.
3 cum.
to sir.
o
to sir.
to str.
to nim.
to str.
3 cum.
o
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
5 cum.
3 cum.
o
3 cir.
to str.
9 cum.
3 cum.
to nim.
9 cum.
o
to nim.
8 cu. air.
5 cum.
10 sir.
to nim.
to nim.
9 cu. str.
to str.
7'
6 a, m.
5 cum.
10 str.
o
10 sir.
10 str,
10 nim.
10 str.
I cum.
o
to str.
10 str.
to sir.
3 cnm.
3 cum.
I cum.
4 cir.
to cum.
9 cum.
8 cum.
10 nim.
9 cum.
o
to nim.
8 cu. sir.
7 cum.
to str.
10 nim.
10 nim.
9 cu. str.
to str.
7.4
m.
Means .
6 cum.
10 cum.
I cir.
o
10 .sir.
5 rum.
10 sir.
3 ci. .sir.
o
10 sir.
to sir.
10 str.
to .str.
o
10 cu. str.
to cir.
to .str.
4 cum., 2 sir.
10 cu. sir.
10 cu. .sir.
to cu. str.
3 ci/.
10 .sir.
4 cum.
9 cu. str.
10 nim.
9 cu. sir.
10 str.
10 str.
7 cu. sir.
7-4
3 p. m.
7 cum.
8 cum.
I cir.
0
10 sir.
3 cum.
to str.
1 ci.str.
0
to str.
to .sir.
10 sir.
to str.
0 .
to cu. .sir.
10 str.
to str.
I cir., 4 cum.
to cu. str.
to cu. .sir.
9 cu. str.
3 cir.
to sir.
S cum.
8 cu. str.
10 nun.
9 cu. .sir.
to nun.
10 sir.
7 cu. str.
3pm.
4p. m.
7-2
5 cum.
6 cum.
4 cir.
o
to nim.
7 cu. sir.
to sir.
I ci. sir.
o
10 sir.
10 sir.
to sir.
to str.
o
6 cir.
10 ci.slr.
to sir.
5 cir., 2 sir.
to cu.str.
9 cu. .sir.
6 cum.
8 cir.
10 str.
5 cum.
3 cu. str.
to nim.
9 cu. str.
to nim.
to str.
8 cu. .sir.
7-1
3 cum.
4 cum.
I cir.
o
10 nim.
8 cu. str.
to str.
I ci. .sir.
o
to sir.
10 sir.
to sir.
to str.
o
4 ci. str.
3 ci. .sir., 7 sir.
10 .sir.
4 ci. sir., 3 str.
9 cu. str.
I cum., 9 str.
3 ci. cu.
to ci. str.
10 sir.
8 cum.
I cum.
to str.
10 cu. str,
to nim.
10 str.
7 cu. sir.
6.8
S p. m.
2 cum.
6 cum.
I cir.
o
to nim.
7 cum.
10 str.
I ci. str.
o
to str.
to str.
to sir.
7 str.
o
4 cir.
3 ci.str., 8 sir.
to cum.
5 ci. str.
7 cu. .sir.
10 sir.
I ci. cu.
to str.
to cu. str.
9 cu, str,
I cum,
10 str.
to cu, sir,
to nim.
to sir.
9 cu, !<lr,
6T7
6 p, IT.,
o
8 str.
o
o
to nim.
8 cum,
10 str.
3 ci. str.
o
to str.
10 str.
to sir.
5 str.
t cir.
2 cir.
to str.
10 cum.
5 ci. str
6 cu. str.
10 str.
3 ci.cu.
to .str.
to str.
9 cu. sir.
I cir.
10 str.
to str.
10 nim.
to str.
9 cu. str.
6.6
i ■'!;:
THE LADY FRANKMN BAY KXl'EDITION.
363
JUNE, 1883.
TATil.r. dl.VI. — Amniinf, kind, ami dirfctioH o/cloiu/s aiiil umiuint 0/ prf,ifiitiili)in, yiinr, iSSj.
VVaiihint;ton mean time. '\'o rviluce to Icical mean lime a<lil 49'"
f -. -I 8l* 44' X — 64" 45' - 4* 191"
7 «. m.
8«.m.
9t.m.
10 •,m.
II a. m.
Noon.
i'rccipiiatlon.
Dale.
Inihtt.
mm.
5 cum.
5 cir.
0
10 Htr.
4 cum.
9 ci. sir.
0
8 Mr.
3 cum.
8 Mr.
0
6 cum.
4 cum.
10 cum,
0
2 cum.
5 cum.
10 cum.
0
5 cum.
6 cum.
10 cum.
1 cir.
0
1
a
J
4
^.. .
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 Mr.
10 ttr.
10 Mr.
10 str.
.01
0.3
5
10 mm.
10 Mr.
10 Mr.
10 Mr.
10 Mr.
10 sir.
. — •
. — •
6
10 Mr.
1 cum.
0
10 sir.
0
0
10 Mr.
0
0
10 Mr.
0
0
10 Mr.
0
3 ci. Mr.
10 sir.
10 str.
1 ci. Mr,
0
7
1
9
10 .sir.
10 str.
10 Mr.
10 Mr.
10 Mr.
, •
, •
10
3 ci. cu.,4 »lr.
5 cum., 3 str.
9 str.
10 Mr.
10 Mr.
10 Mr,
. — •
.— •
II
10 sir.
lo sir.
10 Mr.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 sir.
.— •
.— *
13
3 cir., J cum.
1 cun<.
1 cum.
4 cir.
10 cum.
10 cu. Mr.
3 cir., 7 cum.
1 cum.
3 cum.
7 ci.slr.
10 cum.
10 cu.Nir.
2 cir., 5 cu. str.
0
4 ci. cu.
9 ci. str.
10 cum.
10 cu. sir.
9 cu. Mr.
0
8 ci. cu.
10 ci. str,
10 cum.
10 cu.str.
10 Mr.
0
10 cu. sir.
10 cir.
4 cir., 6 str.
9 cu. str.
10 str,
0
10 cu. sir.
10 cir.
10 Mr.
3 cum., 3 sir.
•3
«4
w
w
10 cu. str.
10 cu. sir.
9 cu. sir.
9 cu. sir.
10 cu.str.
10 cu. sir.
. *
. _.»
"9
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 Mr.
8 cu. ,,lr.
_ »
»
30
10 cu.str.
10 cu.str.
10 cu. sir.
10 cu. str.
10 Mr.
10 sir.
31
0
1 cir.
1 cir.
1 cir.
1 cir.
4 cir.
. --*
. •
33
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 Mr.
10 Mr.
.04
I.o
23
7 cum.
7 cum.
3 cum.
3 cum.
3 cum.
3 cum.
34
7 cu. str.
7 cu, sir,
7 cu.str.
5 cum.
6 cum.
8 cu. Mr.
as
10 str.
10 itr.
10 mm.
10 nim.
ic nim.
10 mm.
.05
.-^
3b
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 cu. str.
10 cu. sir.
10 cu. sir.
9 cu. sir.
. — •
'I
10 mm.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 sir.
.01
0. 3
9 cu. .str.
9 cu. sir.
9 cu. sir.
9 cu. str.
9 cu. str.
10 cu. sir.
_-»
. _»
39
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 Mr.
10 mm.
30
Date.
1
7-3
7.6
7-4
7-4
7.8
7-5
0. 1 1 3. 7
.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
4 cir.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
9 cir.
Daily means.
1 cir.
9 cir.
3 cir.
4 cir.
4.0
9 str.
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 Mr.
lo cu. str.
locum,
8.6
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
3 •
3
0
I cum.
8 cum.
9 cum.
7 cum.
61 iiii.
45
4
10 nim.
10 nun.
ID nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 1 im.
9.8
5
1 cir., 6 cum.
9 cum.
locum.
9 cum.
9 cum.
9 cum.
8.8
6
10 str.
10 cu. sir.
9 cu. .sir.
9 cu. str.
9 cum,
8 cum.
9.6
7
I cir., I cum.
I cum.
0
0
0
0
1.8
8
0
0
0
1 cum.
3 cum.
5 cum.
0.5
9
10 str.
10 mm.
10 Mr.
10 str.
10 Mr,
10 .sir.
10. 0
10
10 sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 mm.
9.8
1 1
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 Mr.
10 str.
10 Mr.
10 str.
10. 0
12
2 sir.
3 ci. Mr.
2 ci. str.
I ci.slr.
0
0
f'.3
•3
I cir.
0
0
1 cum.
0
0
0.7
>4
2 cir.
3 cir.
scir.
5 cir.
2 cum.
0
.3-«
'S
10 str.
10 .Mr,
10 .sir.
10 Mr.
10 str.
10 str.
8.1
16
10 cir.
8 ci, Mr,
10 cu. str.
10 cu. str.
10 cu. str.
10 sir.
9.2
>7
7 ci. str.
5 ci. .str.
4 ci. .str.
4 ci. .sir.
3ci.Mr.
I ci. .str.
7.2
18
2 cir., 8 cu. str.
8 cu.str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
ID nim.
10 mm.
7-4
«9
10 str.
10 Mr.
10 Mr,
10 str.
10 Mr.
10 Mr.
9.8
20
2 ci. cu.
I ci. cu.
0
0
0
0
6.3
21
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
4.6
22
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 Mr.
10 str.
10. 0
23
9 cum.
10 cu. Mr.
9 cum.
9 cum.
10 cu. str.
10 str.
7-3
24
2 cir.
Scir.
7 str.
10 str.
10 Mr.
10 sir.
6.3
25
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nun.
io mm.
10.0
26
10 str.
10 str.
10 Mr.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
9.8
27
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10. 0
28
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 Mr.
10 str.
97
29
9 cu. str.
7 cum.
6 cum.
4 cir.
3 cir.
2 cir.
8.2
30
6.7
6.8
7-3
7-1
7.0
7.0
7-2
^m
* Inappreciable.
364
THE LADY FltANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
'! I
t il
ill III
JULY, 1883.
Table CLVH. — Amount, kind, and direction of clouds and amount of precipitation, yuly, 1883.
Washiiijjton mean time. Reduce to local mean time by adding 49'"
if> +8l"'44' / — — 64045'= 4'' 19"'
Date.
1 a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
S a. m.
6 a. m.
I
2
10 str.
9 cum.
Kog.
9 cum.
Fog.
5 cum.
10 sir.
7 cir.
10 str.
6 cir.
Fog.
4 cir.
3
4 -■
5
6 -.
2 cum.
8 cum.
I'og.
10 str.
2 cum.
10 str.
Kog.
10 str.
2 cum.
Fog.
Fog.
10 str.
2 cum.
Fog.
Fog.
10 str.
I cum.
Fog.
5 cum.
10 str.
0
10 str.
Fog.
ID str.
7
lo .str.
0
10 cum.
0
0
0
8 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
0
10 cum.
0
0
0
8 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
0
ID cum.
0
0
0
8 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
10 cum.
0
0
0
8 cum.
10 str.
10 str.
0
ID cum.
0
I cir.
0
8 cum,
10 str.
10 str.
0
7 cum.
0
I cir.
I cir.
7 cum.
10 str.
8 1
0 . _. .
lo ..
II _..
12
13
14 --
• S --- —
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
8 cum.
I cum.
16
5 cum.
4 cum.
3 cum.
8 cum.
5 cum.
9 cum.
17
8 cum.
8cir.
4 cir., 4 cum.
7 cir.
5 cum.
7 cir.
2 cir., 3 cum.
6 cir.
3 cir., 3 cum.
3 cir.
2 cir., 1 cum.
I cir.
18
19
I cum.
0
I cum.
10 str.
I cum.
0
I cum.
10 str.
1 cum.
0
2 cum.
10 str.
I cum.
0
1 cum.
9 cum.
I cum.
0
0
9 cum.
I cum.
0
I cum.
8 cum.
20
21 .-
22
23 - --
24
10 str.
10 .sir.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 nim.
10 .sir.
10 mm.
10 str.
25 --
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nmi.
ID mm.
ID nim.
10 nim.
26
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
27 -- --
10 str.
10 mm.
10 mir.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
28
9 sir.
7 cum.
3 cum.
I cum.
I cum.
I cum.
29 -- ■
0
0
0
0
0
0
30 -
3« --
Means
Total
10 str.
2 cum.
10 cu. str.
2 cum.
10 cu. str.
2 cum.
7 cu. sir.
3 CUU.,
3 cir., 4 cu, str,
3 cum.
10 cu. str.
5 cir., I cum.
6.5
6.4
6.1
I
S.6
55
Date.
I p. m.
3 p. m.
3 P- m.
4p. m.
5 p.m.
6 p. m.
1
2 cir., 2cu. str.
7 ci.slr.
7 ci. str.
7 ci. str.
S ci. str.
6 ci.str.
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
3 .
2 ci. sir.
9 cu. sir.
2 ci. sir.
9 cu. str.
2 ci. sir.
7 cu. str.
0
7 cum.
0
7 cum.
1 str.
6 cum.
4 ..-
5 - .
5 ci. cu., 3 sir.
3 Cl.CU.
0
I str.
0
0
C)
10 sir.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 str.
7 --- — -
10 sir.
10 sir.
7 cu. sir.
3 cum.
S cir., I cum.
2 cir.
8 _
I cum.
I Cl.CU.
3 Cl.CU.
2 ci. str.
3 cir.
3 cir.
9
10
0
Fog.
2 cir.
0
0
I cir.
0
0
I cir.
0
Fog.
0
1 cir.
0
0
Q
0
0
II
12
S ci. sir.
4 cum.
2 cum.
I cum.
4 cum.
4 cum.
•3 - --
10 cu. ^lr.
10 cu. sir.
10 CU. str.
ID CU. Str.
10 cu. str.
10 .str.
14
10 .sir.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 cu. sir.
9 cu. str.
10 str.
IS
'6
>7
3 ci. cu.
7 cir.
7 cir.
3 ci. cu.
8 cir.
7 cir.
5 ci. cu.
8 cir.
7 cir.
7 ci. cu.
8 cir.
8 cir.
8 cum.
9 cu. str.
8 str.
9 cum.
7 str.
8 ci. str.
|8
5 CUU).
5 cum.
5 cir.
6 cu. str.
5 cu. str.
3 cum.
19
2 cum.
2 cir.
0
0
0
0
20 . ...
I cir.
8 cum.
9 cum.
I cir.
8 cum.
8 cum.
I cum.
10 cum.
8 cum.
1 cum.
9 cum.
8 cum.
0
9 cum.
8 cu. sir.
0
9 cum.
8 cum.
21
22
23
10 mm.
10 nun.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 str.
ID str.
24
10 cum.
10 sir.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 mm.
10 nim.
25.. -
10 niii).
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
26
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 sir,
10 .sir.
10 str.
10 str.
27 -.
10 sir.
0
0
10 sir.
0
0
10 sir.
0
0
10 str.
0
0
10 str,
0
0
10 cu. str.
0
0
28 _._
29
30
9 cum.
10 ci. sir.
8 cum.
8 ci. str.
5 cum.
X cum.
3 ( um.
8 cu. str.
3 cum.
9 cu. str.
6 cum.
5 cum.
31 ---
Means
6.2
5.6
5.4
S-5
S-3
SO
Hit
iii-
u. str
ir., I
cum.
5-
S
6p
m.
.str.
•.
m.
'.
n.
THE hADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEmTION.
JULY, 1883.
Table CLVII. — Amount, kind, and dirtxtion 0/ i/oiuh and amount of prnipVation, jf^iily, 1883.
Wa:ihington mean time. Reduce tu local mean tiiiR' l>y nilding 4>j"'
0==7 + 8i°44' X_^ -64° 45'= -4'' 19"'
365
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
Noon.
I'recipitaliiui.
)alc.
1
/;/. //(•.(.
mm.
Scir. ;foB over bay.
3 cum.
Fog over bay.
Fog over bay.
5 cum.
2 cir.
2 cir., 1 str.
2 cu. sir.
1
I ci. cu.
2
0
3
4
8 cum.
8 cum.
9 cum.
10 cum.
10 cu.str.
10 cu. sir.
Fog.
S cum.
Fog.
4 CI. cu.
3 CI. cu.
4 ci. cu.
s
3 cum.
5 cum.
3 cu. str.
8 cu. str.
10 cu. sir.
10 cu. str.
6
10 str.
10 sir.
10 f.
ID sir.
10 sir.
10 str.
7
0
I cum.
I cum.
0
0
I cum.
8
4 cum.
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
10
0
Fog.
Fog.
Fog.
Fog.
3Cir.
3 cir.
2 ci.str.
0
0
0
II
3Cir.
7 cum.
10 str
4 cir.
5 cum.
10 str.
3 ci. str.
5 cum.
10 sir
S ci. sir.
S cum.
10 str.
4 ci.str.
8 cum.
S ci. sir.
10 cum.
12
>3
•4
15
10 str.
10 str.
2 cum.
5 cum.
7 cum.
JO cir.
2 cum.
7 cum.
4 ci. str.
7 cir.
0
I cum.
I cum.
C cum.
4 ci. cu.
9 cum.
8 cir.
5 ci.str.
8 cir.
2 cir.
3 tir.
7 cir.
16
6 cir.
17
2 cir.
I cum.
0
I cir.
I cum.
0
0
I cum.
0
I cum.
I cum.
I cum.
2 cum.
2 cum.
I cum.
18
«9
20
I cum.
6 cum.
I cir., I cum.
4 cum.
2 cum.
4 cum.
10 nim.
2 cir., 4 cum.
7 cum.
10 nim.
7 cum.
10 cum.
8 cum.
8 cum.
21
22
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
10 nim.
,04
1.0
23
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
I cir., 9 cum.
10 cum.
,01
0. 2
24
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 nin.
10 mm.
10 mm.
.19
4.S
25
10 nmi.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 mm.
,07
1.8
26
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 nim.
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
,01
0.2
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28
29
10 cu. str.
6 cum.
10 cu. str.
3 cir., 3 cum.
10 cu. str.
S cir.
10 cu.str.
7 cir.
8 cum.
6 ci. str.
8 cum.
10 ci.str.
30
3'
1
5-2
5-2
S»
S-4
5-5
S-7
0,32
8.0
7p.m.
8 p.m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
1 1 p. m.
Midnight.
Daily means.
Date.
I
8 ci. str.
9 ci. str.
S ci. cu., S str.
5 ci. cu., 5 str.
7 ci cu.
8 cu. St'. 1 6. 9
0
0
0
0
I str.
2 str.
2.6
2
I str.
I str.
I str.
I sir.
2 str.
3 ci. cu., I Str.
I. I
3
7 cu. sir.
3 cir., 4 cum.
3 cir.
2 cir., 3 str.
Fog.
Fog.
«-3
4
0
0
0
10 cu.str.
10 str.
10 str.
55
5
10 str.
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
9 str.
7 str.
9.0
6
I cir.
I cum.
0
0
I cum.
I cum.
6.8
7
I cir.
1 cir., 3 str.
6 ci. cu.
8 cum.
9 cum.
9 cum.
2. 2
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
2.6
9
0
0
0
0
Fog.
l'"()g.
3-3
10
0
I c;r.
2 cir.
3 ci. sir.
3 ci.str.
I cir.
I.O
II
3 cir.
3 cir., 2 cum.
4 cum.
6 cum.
9 cum.
8 cu. Str.
3-3
12
10 str.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 str.
10 sir.
10 Str.
8.1
'3
10 sir.
10 str.
lo sir.
10 str.
9 str.
10 sir.
9.9
>4
8 cum.
9 cum.
8 cum.
4 cum.
S cum.
6 cum.
0.2
IS
6 sir.
4 str.
3 ci. cu.
S eu. sir.
5 cum.
5 cum.
S-7
16
8ci.str.
8ci.,str.
7 ci.str.
7 ci..str.
7 ci.str.
7 ci. str.
7'
i 17
2 cum.
2 cum.
2 cum.
I cum.
1 cum.
I cum.
3-2
1 "*
0
0
0
0
0
I ci. str.
o.S
' .9
I ci. cu.
I ci. cu.
I ci. cu.
0
1 cum.
I cum.
o-S
20
9 cum.
8 cu. sir.
9 cu. str.
9 cu. str.
9 cu. str.
9 cu.str.
5-«
21
2 cir., 5 cum.
2 cir., 6 cum.
8 cum.
8 cum.
9 cum.
9 cu. str.
8.0
22
10 str.
10 str.
ID str.
10 sir.
10 sir.
10 str.
10. 0
23
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
ID mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10. 0
24
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10 mm.
10. 0
1 25
10 ci. str.
S ci. sir.
3 ci. str.
6 cu. str.
10 cu.str.
10 str.
9-3
1 26
9 cu. sir.
10 cu. str.
10 cu. sir.
10 cu.str.
10 cu. sir.
10 cu. str.
10. 0
1 27
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.9
1 28
4 cu. sir.
5 sir.
8 cu. str.
2 cir., 6 sir.
9 str.
9 cu. sir.
1.8
1 ^'J
8 cum.
3 cir., 2 cum.
2 cum.
3 cum.
I cum.
I cum.
6.8
30
6 cum.
6 cum.
8 cum.
10 cum.
10 str.
10 mm.
6.6
31
S «
S«
5-0
5-6
1 6.4
6.4
5.6 .
4
' i i
( Mill
■.: I!
llilf
:il I.:
* Inappreciable.
366
THE LADY FKAHKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
! I r
l!i! I
Table CLVIII. — Evaporation from a sivcii-hich cube of ice, s/if;/i fly saline, which had Jive sides [two h
square inches) freely exposed.
'dred and forty-five
?> - + 81
°44'
X _64
"45' -4
h igm
Date.
September,
iSSl.
IM. Ozs.
October,
1881.
IM. Ozs.
i-io 14
November,
1881.
December,
1881.
January,
1882.
February,
1882.
April,
1882.
May.
1882.
Lbs. Ozs.
s 14
1
Llis. Ozs.
10 12.5
10 12. 5
10 12
Lbs. Ozs.
Lis. Ozs.
L.bs. Ozs.
Lbs. Ozs.
10 8.S
2
■X
10 12. 5
10 13. 5
10 13
10 13
"o '35
10 II. s
d _ -
10 12.5
?
()
7 ---
«
12 1.5
II 14
■ I 10
" 3
II I
0 9-5
0 8.5
10 8.5
10 6
10 13- S
t62 0
9 .. ..
lo
II..
10 11.5
10 12
10 12.5
10 13
10 13
10 13
t49 0
12
9 lo-S
13
14.. _
10 12.5
10 II. 5
10 12.5
10 13
10 12. 5
10 13
10 12. 5
10 12.5
10 13
10 13
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12
10 12. 5
10 12
10 13
9 10
15
16 .
10 13- 5
10 13
17 .
10 3
10 1
10 0
10 0
10 0
10 0
9 '4
9 '4
10 13
10 13
10 12.5
10 12. 5
10 13
10 12.5
10 12. 5
10 12. 5
10 I2.S
10 13
10 13
10 13
10 13
10 13
8 11. s
18
19
20 . .
10 13-5
10 13
21
22
8 2.5
23
24
2C
10 12. 5
10 13
26
27 _.
9 95
9 «o. 5
6 12
28
29
30..
9 95
10 13
10 12.5
w
* New culie exposed. t New cube of one foot face. Old cube melted.
Note.— The weight, in pounds and ounces, avoirdupois, was determined at noon, daily.
% Some portion lost by melting.
Sr.l'TKMBKR.
March.
April.
24 days - 2 pounds, 8 ounces = 17,500 grains Troy.
24 days -~ 71.02 grains to the si|uare inch.
Daily -- 2.96 grains to the si|uare inch.
32 days =4 ounces — 1,750 grains Troy.
32 days ^=7.10 grains to 'he square inch.
Daity = .22 grains ti tlie scjuare inch.
21 days --- 38 ounces = 16,675 grains Troy.
21 days = 68.06 grains to the square inch.
Daily = 3.24 grains to the square inch.
October to February inappreciable.
Evaporation {in e.wcss of precipitation) from ninety-three and three-fourths (93.75) square inches surface of fresh water.
Date.
Ounces avoirdu-
Date.
Ounces avoirdu-
Date.
1
Ounces avoirdu-
pois.
pois.
1882.
1882.
1882.
July 2
Water exposed.
July «3
6
July 24
0
3
4-S
14
*22. 5
H
4.5
4
S
'S
*9
26
4
1
9
i 16
II. 5
%
s
6
II
1 '7
8
7
I
"•5
'■ 18
I
29
4
6.5
! '9
3-5
30
0
9
6
' 20
S-S
31
3.5
10
.^•5
21
4
II
3-S
' 22
2-S
102.0
la
0
1 ''
3
* Indicates increase in weight from rninfall.
THE LADY FHANKLIN HAY KXPKDITION.
367
The mean cloudiness for cadi year was substantially the same, l)eing .50 the first and .49 the second year.
The cloudiness is not, however, equally distributed through the months, being only ,34 during the absence of the sun,
from October to February, inclusive, and nearly 20 per centum higher during its presence.
The mean cloudiness, by months, is given in the following table:
Table CLIX. — Mean c/om/intss at Fort Cotii^rr, 1881-83.
^ = 4 81° 44' X=- -64045' : - -4i> ly"'
Month.
August
September .
October ...
November .
IJeccmber .
January _..
February . .
i88i-'82. i882-'83.
7S
57
37
29
43
32
28
.82
.69
•52
.26
.29
■36
.28
i88i-'83.
Month.
78 I March . . . _
63 II April
45 !| May
28 ji June
36 I July
34 i|
28 I Year.
1882.
•52
■.38
•f'5
.61
•85
.501
883. i88l-'83.
.48
•.(2
■54
•72
.56
•5°
.00
.66
.70
.488
• 494
As might be expected the clearness of die sky is closeiy connected with the degree of cold, and the greatest cloudiness,
.74, occurs during July and August — the warmest months. This relation is clearly shown by the following chart:
.;!'
Chart No. 14. i'omparalive mean Itnipernliiiti and inean iloudhiiss
at fort Conger, i8Sl-'83.
[Departures in degrees Fahrenheit and per centum of cloudiness.]
AUG, aePT. OCT. NOV. DEC. JAN. FES. MCH. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUO.
♦ 45'"
_
,:.'
40
-
/^
10
35
-
/
.35
30
-\
-
.•M
25
"'. \
1
.25
15
■~ \
.-••"'
.1*
10
-
\\
10
5
-
A
.s
0°
.0
i
5
-
';\
.'
\
1 1
3
10
-
\
i
1
.10
15
—
\
,'■'
■"-"
■\
1
i
J
/
y
IS
ao
„
s
\
1
30
35
-
\
^
/
35
W
-
10
-15"
—
13
1;r
Temixraliire,
ChudiiuM,
368
THK LADY FltANKLlN BAY KXPEDITION.
! •!
■k
The following table gives the number of clear (o to .3 cloudiness), fair (.3 to .7), cloudy (.7 to i.o) hours, and in which
rain or snow fell. Tlie hours of rain 01 snow, 1875-76, is appended as being the only comparable record, owing to dissimilarity
of terms.
Taule CLX.^/li'urs of various weather at Fort Conger, 1881-83.
^ -. 8i» 44'
X==-64''45'
-4'' 19'"
Monti).
l88i-'82.
I»2
-•83.
i88i-'83.
'875-76.
Kain or
snow.
28
120
144
68
92
92
66
72
90
74
48
80
Clear.
83
236
412
47 •
378
474
416
250
4CX)
174
194
62
Fair.
Cloudy.
Rain or
snow.
Clear.
Fair.
^•'-'y- ^^
Clear.
Fair.
Cloudy.
Kain or
snow.
Aup\:ct
.September
()ctol)er
November
December
January
February
March
156
"57
"5
84
82
70
129
206
III
'73
171
86
3'9
229
182
"5
190
'32
99
168
122
254
-41
493
90
98
35
50
94
68
28
120
87
>43
114
103
63
"57
305
470
472
433
437
322
430
273
«45
254
128
118
118
'34
'25
no
no
124
'30
'37
"3
14S
447
238
226
99
"3
94
64
'77
ni
'55
376
273
106
207
95
'7
34
107
61
121
49
'79
86
69
73
196
358
470
425
454
426
286
4'5
176
140
66
142
'38
116
109
104
90
120
165
120
15s
142
"7
383
234
204
107
'52
"3
82
172
116
204
308
383
98
«S2
65
34
64
88
44
120
68
l6i
100
86
A pril
May....
June..
July
Year
I'er centum ..
3. 55°
I. 540
2.544
1,030
3.761
1. 495
2,373
','3'
3,6;6
1,518
2,458
1,080
974
.41
.18
.29
. 12
.43
■>7
.27
■'3
•42
.18
.28 1 .12
.11
Rain, whicli is united with the snow in the table, fell as follows: June, 1882, 26 hours; July, 79; August, 41; September,
8; June, 1883, 3, and July, 28 hours, aggregating 159 hours, or less than i per centum.
The close accord between the per centum of rain and snow for these three years gives considerable weight to its value, as
indicating the normal conditions of weather at Fort Conger.
PRECIPITATION.
The marked paucity of observations on the rain and snow fall in the arctic regions has often been lamented by
meteorologists, and in consenuence unusual care was taken with reference to observations at Fort Conger.
The number ol hours of rain or snow is no criterion by which to judge of the amount of precipitation in very high
latitudes, as tlie snowfoll, or even rain, of many hours' duration, is often so small in aniount as to be immeasurable by the
ordinary methods. This, added to the usual difficulties of accurately determining the amount of melted snow, made the task
of accurate observations very great.
The ordinary Signal Service gauge was used, the top of which having a cross-section ten times greater in area than that
of the receiving tube, enables measurements of o.oi inch [0.254"""] to be made with considerable accuracy.
The precipitation was measured every four hours, and the amount recorded for each day is for the 24 hours ending at
II p. m., Washington mean time (11.49 P- "''• local mean time).
To have measured tlie rainfall hourly would have been to impair the accuracy and value of the observations, owing to
the very liglu character of the snow and rain fall in general. Even with four-hourly observations, it will be noted that of the
235 (lays on which precipitation occurred, the amount obtained was only a trace on 62 days, and o.oi inch [0.254"""] on 38
other days.
To counterbalance, as far as possible, the precipitation lost by measuring very small atnounts, the observers, whenever a
half-hundredth of an inch [0,127"""] occurred in the measurements, recorded it as a whole hundredth.
The high winds occasionally interfered with the snowfall, but not to such an extent as might be supposed, for the greater
part of the snow fell during calms or very light winds.
I I
«87S-'76.
or
Kain or
V.
snow.
'iS
28
S2
120
f-s
144
14
68
f.4
92
S8
92
H
66
JO
72
d8
90
il
74
X)
48
ib
80
to
974
.11
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Tabi.k CLXL — Precipitation (rain and melted inc7i>) at Fort Con};er, i88i--'83.
^ = -)-8i''44' A= -64045'-;; — 4'" 19"'
369
Month.
i88i-'82.
Inch.
August* . .
September
October
November.
December.
January . . .
•IS
•23
•23
■29
•39
•57
1882-83.
1881-83, mean.
Inch.
.61
•47
•24
. II
. 21
•27
Inch.
I Milli-
I meters.
Month.
•38
•35
.24
. 20
•30
.42
9.65
8.89
February.
March
6. 10 ' April
5.08 May
7. 62 i June - . . .
10.67 ! j"iy
1
1882.
1
1 88.?. '
Inch.
;, nii-'an.
Inch.
Inch. ,
Milli-
meters.
. II
•IS
• '3
3-30
.28
.61
• 44
II. 18
. 20
.14
• 17
4.32
•23
•58
.40
10. 16
.26
. II
.18
4^57
I. 01
•32
. 6<.
16.76
' From 13th ; tmuunt from nth to 13d estimated as less than .01 inch [a.3S4'"*J.
The precipitation aggregated 3.95 inches [100.33"""] the first, and 3.82 inches [97.03"""] the second year. The close
accordance between the results for two consecutive years gives considerable weight to the mean for the two years, 3.88 inches
[98.55"""], and it is fair to assume that 4 inches [about ioo"""J is about the mean precipitation at Fort Conger. This opinion
is to a certain extent verified by the fact that the uours of snow and rain, i88i-'83, .uir.'.vl in per centum with those recorded
at Fort Conger in 1875-76, 12 against 11.
By seasons, the summer precipitation is the greatest, 1.22 inches [30.99"'"'], against the least, 0.79 inch [20.07"'"'], "i
autumn.
Contrary to expectation, the amount is quite irregularly distributed through the different months, but in sixteen out of
twenty-four months the departures from normal rain-fall and temperature had corresponding signs.
The greatest monthly mean fall is in July, 0.66 inch [16.76"""], while the least, from 0.13 inch [3.30'"'"] to o.i8 inch [4.57"""],
prevails in February, April, and June. The greatest monthly fall, i.oi inch [25.65'"'"], was in July, 1882, and the least, o.ii
inch [2.79'""'], in February and November, 1882, and June, 1883.
Considerable precipitation occurred in the shape of frost, as it was designated, the air during clear, calm, and cold days
having in suspension minute spiculae of hoar-frost, which slowly settled and covered all objects with a thin coating.
To measure the hoar-frost, a tin plate, with an area of 3,96 square inches [2,554.83*'' """], was ex|)osed at noon of
November 2, 1881, which was weighed it noon daily until May 13, 1882. The warmth of the sun and the changed conditions
of the atmosphere were such, however, after April i, 1882, so as to evaporate the frost or a part of the snow deposited. The
weights include snow as well as hoar-frost.
From November 2, 1881, to March 31, 1882, inclusive, 182 grains were deposited on each square inch, which is equal to
0.72 inch [18.29'"'"] of melted snow. To this must be added 0.25 inch [6.35"""] of moisture registered by the regular gauge
on occasions when no record was obtained from the plate. This correction gives 0.97 inch [24.64"""] from the plate against
1.55 inches [39.37""'"] by the gauge for the same period, a result which is only satisfactory as indicating the probability that
the measurements by gauge were not too small,
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 ^24
hi
Ml
■■'1
/ ,;
■ li
11
(I
li!
I
p:i
ii i
1'^ I i
'I . ■
.1 !
: I . f
mm
ill
370
TUB LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
,! ; i
) ?
Tahli. CIvXII. — Precipitation* (hoar-frost and snow) deposited on 3.96 square inches [2,5S4.83"> '""'] of tin,
^ - + 8i«'44' ?.-=- — 64045' — — 4'' I9>n
Day of month.
1881.
1 - .
2 , .
3 -
4 -
5 --
6 _.
7 --
8 ..
9 --
10 ..
II
12 . .
'3 --
14 --
15 -
16 ..
17 -.
Novem- Decem-
ber, I ber.
10
4
2
2
2
(t)
«3
o
(t)
1 882.
T 1 Kelirii- I ., 1. A 1
January. . March. April.
Day of month.
1881.
4
3
5
9
I
5
2
2
(t)
2
I
1
(t)
(i)
21
I
9
It
(t)
3
2
I
2
14
6
9
54
li
12
6
13
2
16
16
3
30
.?o
12
3
9
4
•3
(?)
i 18..
I «9--
I 20..
[ 21..
22..
23--
24..
, 25..
i 26 .
27.
28..
29..
30-
3'-
Total
Novem-
ber.
3
6
6
7
3
(t)'
3
2
4
I
2
I
87
Decem-
ber.
o
«)
4
40
47
18
17
4
•3
I
I
I
2
>9S
t889.
January.
Febru-
ary.
March.
(t)
«)
10
3
1
3
I
0
18
3
2
(t)
I
0
2
^\
(t)
1::)
6
'7
«?
0
2
(t)
0
2
(t)
14
0
4
0
178
50
211
April.
3
45
10
16
74
* Weight in grains.
t Deposit lost by wind or otherwise.
} No record.
S Less than a grain.
|:n !
NoTK.— .Snow (melted) fell to the amount as follows on ilays when the record of precipitation on tin is wanting: November, 1881, 8th, .09 inch
[2.29"'"']; i6lh, .08 inch [2.03"""] ; 24th, none; December, 1 88 1, Sth, trace ; 20th, none; January, 1882, 2d, 7th, and 24th, none ; i6th, 17th, and
l8th, total .04 inch [1.02'""'] ; February, 1882, 2d, 6th, 7th, Sth, r-jd, 24th, 2Slh, none ; 18th, .01 inch [0.254"""] ; 27th, .01 inch [0.254"""] ; March,
1882, 1st, .01 inch [0.254"""] ; 2d, trace ; 3d, none ; 21st, .01 inch [0.254"'"'] ; 29th, none.
EVAPORATION.
An attempt was made to determine the amount of evaporation, as well as of the precipitation, and observations were made
for over nine montiis. On September 6, 1881, a seven-inch cube of ice was prepared, which was arranged so that five sides,
having an aggregate area of 245 square inches (158,046 square millimeters), were fully exposed. The ice used for this pur-
pose was cut from the harbor floe, as was a second cube, of the same dimensions, which was exposed October i, 1881. At
noon of each day the ice cube was weighed, to the nearest ounce, the precaution having first been taken to wipe from it,
with the gloved hand, any snow which had fallen thereon.
As a month's observations, subsecjuent to October i, showed that evaporation had substantially ceased, the observations
were later made much less frequently.
It is evident from the observations that practically there is no evaporation during the four months and a half, from
October 15 till February 28, while the sun is absent. This is not surprising in view of the fact that during such period the
mean temperature of I'^ort Conger is —31.4° [ — 35.2°C.], at which tmnperature each cubic foot of air can hold but about one-
tenth of a grain of water in suspension.
Reliable observations from the ice cubes, subsequent to April 17, were impracticable, since the effect of the sun on the
side toward it caused, at times, considerable loss by melting and combining with the base on which the cube rested. The
observations, though unsatisfactory, were continued until May 11.
On July 2, 1.S82, a flat dish, having an exposed surface of 93 -V^^ square inches, filled with water, was placed suitable for
radiation, so that the sun's rays continually reached the water. The dish received such rain or snow as fell, and consequently
registered the amount of evaporation in excess of the precipitation.
'\ 1
!/■//«.
jarch.
April.
lO
3
3
45
i8
10
(t)
I
7
I
"'"".6 ■
I
0
o
(t)
o
o
...
1
74
18., 8th, .og inch
i6th, jyih, and
!S4'""'] ; March,
IS were made
at five sides,
for this pur-
.88i. At
ipe from it,
observations
a half, from
period the
t about one-
sun on the
Bsted. The
suitable for
jnsequently
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
The observations are given in detail in Table 158, but the following is a summary:
Table CLXIII. — Evaporation from salt-water ice cii/h-s aiiil fresh jcater (/// grains per square inch).
371
Ice ..
Ice ...
Ice ...
Ice ...
Water
i88.-'82.
September, .88. (24 days)
October, .88., to include Kchruary, .882 .
March, .882
April, 1882 (21 days) ,
May
June
July, .882
August
Total .
Daily.
I'lir month.
2. 96
Trace
o. 22
3-24
n- 7-'
24.96
13. 06
88.8
Trace
6.8
97.2
.;,.'/. 0
r.:!!. 0
773-8
2.255-9
This gives an evaporation of 8.94 inches [227.08"""! including interpolated values. In months during which observations
were quite complete, we have a measured evaporation of 3.83 inches [97.28"'"'], which, in itself, is 0.57 incii [.4.48"""] less
than the measured rainfall from September i, 1881, to August3i, 1882. This result, however neglects the 0.99 inch [25.15"'"']
rainfall in July, .882, part of which doubtless extended out of the shallow pan, and also the interpolated values for May, June,
and August. The value for June is probably not far from correct, but tlie very great disparity in the rate of evajioration from
ice and from water surfaces, gives assurance that the values for May and August, months during which freezing temperature
.vas frequent, are far too high.
Altogether these observations are valuable only as knowing how great is the evaporating power of the sun at a high
latitude in favorable localities, and thus as explaining the freedom from ice and snow of large areas in Grinnell Land.
SOLAR AND TERRESTRIAL RADIATION.
SOLAR RADIATION.
The observations on solar radiation were made from maximum black-bulb thermometers /'// vacuo. The instruments
used were made by J. Green, of New York. No error cards were sent with them, and it has been assumed that their readings
are correct and comparable. Unfortunately the thermometers were not graduated below zero, Fahrenheit [ — 170.8 C], and
in consequence many readings were lost during March, immediately after the return of the sun.
The thermometers, two in number, were mounted 2 feet [0.6'"] above the ground, one (marked S. in record) with the
bulb due south, and the other (marked N.) due ncth. In general the instrument pointing south read the higher, but not
infrequently the reverse was true.
The detailed readings are given in the following table :
n
;»i
i!!: "
4
372
THE LADY FKANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXIV, — Solar ami ierrfstrial thermometer rraiiin\^s at Fort Corij^er, 1881 to 1883.
0 =-1-81° 44' >. 64° 45' ; -4'" icjm
1 '
II!
Solar No. i read from f lo'' to 200°, facing N. ; Sol
During March Solar \o, i exposed facing due N. ;
* Helow scale whicli reads -f- 15*.
II Below scale which reads -j- 13".
ar No. 2 from + "1° to 200°, facing S. ; Solar No. 6 from + 15° to jio". j Solar No. 4 from + 0° to 215°
Solar No, 6 exposed bulb faring due S,
+ Helow scale which reads + 10°
% No. a exposed .March 24.
X Found displaced.
1 No. 4 exposed May 30.
May,
1882.
Solar.
1. 2.
1 .No. 6.
84.5
I 90
S4.2
! 8<-9
JI.2
93. J
S2
1 87
to. 4
88.9
Sl.c)
87
)5^^
105.4
)".7
100.3
i4
99.1
<4. S
90
>5-9
65
to. 5
82.4
.5.6
67
)S. 2
III
»>.5
97
9.7
59-5
.6.5
<'7-S
IH.s
9J2
2.9
98.3
1.8
97
4.7
99. 3
7
93
2
loo
2
94- S
4-5
97
9
93
'1
77
99
)
97
)
57- 0
9.6
96
82.
"erreslrial.
I. I NV67
,
). 0
«5-2
t-5
14.2
».o
19.7
).o
20.0
.0
14.6
>.8
18.0
•S
14.0
1.2
9.1
.0
6.5
. 2
6.0
•S
7-1
.0
55
.0
12.2
.0
.8
. I
5.0
- .-_
2-5 1
.8
15.0 i
.0
1.8
.8
- 4S
.6
6.2
8
- 7-8
8
5-8
0
10.8
0
3-2
0
- 0.8
8
- 2.0
5
6.0
0
10. 5
S
0-5
0
— 2.0
a 15"
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXPEUITION.
Tablk CLXIV. — Solar ami ferrfstrial t/urmomiter nadini^s at Fort Coiij^er, i«.Si to i88j — Continued.
: -\- 81" 44' >. — — 64° 45' — — 4I' I9">
373
* Below scale, ■
Scale or solar No. 4 read to 0° ; Scale of solar No. 6 read to ts° ; estimated to zero.
-5°° [— 45°.^ C.]. t No. I found injured. ^ Column broken. ^ Found displaced. | No. 6 damaged. ^ Sun gone for the winter.
Illj;
V
:'i '
v- ■
i ■ !
■ 1
1
II
: 'tiliili
' ii
i 1 1
374
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
i;:i
'Iabi.i; {'LXV. — So/iir radiation s/ion'n by excess oj maximum black-bulb in vacuo (in sun) oier maximum air [in sliai/e) temper-
atures at Fort Conger.
<>=-, 8:" 44'
.<.— — 64" 45'r= — 4'' ig"
1881
1883.
1883.
July.
1
August.
e
0
52.2
45-7
5-5
10.9
28.9
30.9
47. b
5«.2
40.5
44.5
51.2
54
56.6
35.0
54.6
38.9
Si.o
45. 5
62.0
i6.4
26.6
51.0
50. 6
42.5
46.0
41.9
II. 7
32.0
43.9
25.0
42.8
42.5
41.8
10.3
SI. 4
41.8
5>- '
49.0
S«'
41-5
46.4
48.2
52. I
43-5
30. 6
9.9
SO. 5
9.7
Si-^
43.6
50s
45. I
50.1
73
53-5
41.8
SO. 7
II. 4
46.6
48.6
48.4
'4.5
45.7
25.28
33- 1
18.38I
41, 6
•2.3
•47
47.0
22.6
12.7
•2.4
14.8
56.0
44.9
40.9
48.8
49.0
38
39
4
5
37
43
S
27
5.8
31.0
29.7
5-5
13.0
4.0
18.0
27.0
26.3
14.61
Oct.
5.0
1.0
0.7
7.0
23. 2
24.4
•7-5
21.0
21.7
— 2.0
1.9
2.8
•■5
•5
2. 2
(")
'8.2
4.56
March. April. May.
77-5
80.6
76.4
78.9
9S.9
76.5
72.fi
74- 1
74-5
75. 3
69.6
72.1
53-9
60. 2
67.1
60.6
84.4
76.9
90.9
7S.fi
80.2
70.7
7i.fi
43-9
61.6
79. 3
46.5
82.2
7'- 3
89.6
94. I
e
0 1
(•)
66.5 .
65.1
69.4
60.4
52.4
65.9
- - _ . -
39-3
- o.S
73-4 ,
16.6
78.6 1
28.3
69.9
32.3
72.0
45- 5
56.5
22.4
7.J.8
- I.O
75-4
20.3
71.0
31.0
73. •
34.0
73. f> !
41.0
73. 9 t
37- •
78.4 \
40.5
73-' ,
47-2
73-4
10.7
78.2
32.2
73. 3
40.4
72. 6
23- 5
73-6
19. 1
76. 5
.36.3
72.7
•3-9
76.4
47.0
74-2
57.8
75-7
57- •
''30-S
70.3
16.94
39.05
J«nc. July.
73-7
40.94
89.6
72.fi
68.2
70.8
46.6
69. 3
54. •
53-4
53.
43
65,
28.
57.
58. I
53-6
54.0
52.9
61.0
56.0
55-4
52.9
52. 2
{2. 6
64
64
24
45
25
55. •
54-2
56.3
55- •
66.6
54-6
60. s
45-3
52,8
45. 7
52.0
50.6
50.6
63.0
45. 6
52.1
60.3
52.3
48.0
48.4
5'-9
49.6
25. 7
38.7
10.6
41.4
29. 2
47-3
44.2
44.7
46.8
54-5 j "48.2
30. 28; 26. 78
"Sun reliimrd February 28.
•■Sun gone for winter.
" aa days.
' 16 days.
■ladays. '15 days. laydays. ^ todays.
L^ 1
THE LADY FKANKLLV »AY i:XI'i:iJlTlUN.
376
Table CLXVI. — Tirrcshial nuHation shown by deficit 0/ minimum ladiixtim^ thermomekr btlotii minimum in sMter, Fort Con^er^
i88i-'83.
July.
2.6
! 563
«. 2
SSI
0.8
66. 6
(..6
S4-6
9.2
' 60.5
4.1
1 4S3
3-4
' 5J.8
3-5
45. 7
34
52. 0
§■''
SO. 6
«-3
SO. 6
7-4
63.0
8.1
45. 6
V6
S2I
4.0
60.3
2.9
5^-3
SS.8
48.0
1. 0
5.0
54
48.4
!.9
51.9
!. 2
49. 6
8.6
25- 7
Vi
38.7
. I
10.6
■9
41.4
. I
29. 2
. 1
47-3
. I
44.2
.2
44-7
...
46.8
Date.
1 .
2 .
3-
4
5 ■
6 .
7 ■
8.
9-
10 .
II
12
'3 -
14
"S
16
17-
18.
>9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
I.S81.
V.=-|-8i<>.H'
1882.
X^ — 64" 45' —4'' 19"
,!■'»
1883.
2.6
4.1
8.9
3-4
4.6
t3-4
44
S-O
6.2
5.0
2. I
4.2
4.0
Means
Means in centi-
grade
95
7.0
4.9
7-5
4-5
fS.S
us
10.6
Sept. Oct. July. ' .\ug. I Sept. Oct. Nov.
S.4
3.00
41
2.3
S.o
y.s
8.8
16. 5
3'
8.4
5-4
7.8
6.9
7-S
9.0
8.5
10. ;i
7-5
4- "7
6.6
to. I
t' 2
V'- 3
to. 4
0.6
1-4
2.8
0.6
2.0
1.6
2.0
2. 2
2-5
2.0
I. 2
2.0
2.8
2-4
2.9
2.7
30
31
3-8
4.1
3.7
3-2
4.2
4.4
5-4
2.4
1-33
52
57
4.9
6.2
S-i
6.3
6.0
$•7
8.6
6.8
7.8
7-4
6.4
6.2
S-S
5-2
6.3
6.3
6.7
4.8
3.8
S-9
3-28
4.3
4,9
7.7
7.6
7-4
7-;
7-7
7-2
7.8
6.6
7-«
7.0
9.1
9.4
8.4
9-4
9.0
10.6
7-3
4.06
8.2
12.6
12. 2
10.5
13- o
5-9
8.2
5.8
7.8
9.1
11. I
10.3
10.8
95
10. 6
11. 4
12.9
8.5
95
5-7
18.5
12.4
18.6
11. 5
12 4
10.7
17.0
9.7 ,
12. I I *lo. 8
10. 8 *I2. 4
Dee. I Jan.
*7.o
*6. <,
*9. O
•15.5
*I2. 4
Feb. Mar.
12.7 *ii. 5
1 1. 6 1 *I2.8
95 I *"-9
*9-5 I *'2.4
*9. o *|6. 7
*8. 5
■*9. o
»24. 8
21.7
14.1
II. 2
«5-2
2S
8.0
9.8
14.8
«2. 3
*I2. O
*I4. o
*20.8
*4.8
«6. 2
*7.o I
".?-9'
*io. 6
*|S. o
I l.u
* 1 1 . (
*'.V4
*lo. 5
*S- 3
*"4-4
*4.8
*5.o
*4. o
e
•I. a
*i.o
*\, o
*5- >i
*3. 9
*lo. o
"9. o
*c). O
*IS. 2
*i). I
*4.4
*2.0
*I2.0 ,
■ 8.8
*I7. o
II. 5
10.8
10. 4
II-4
II. 9
14. 5
10.4
10.5 *io. 5
II. 5 *ij.o
II. 5 14.2
*20. I
»39.0
6. II
12. S
12. 6
*i3-o
■''4.0
»2I
3
9.0
II. o
*25- 9
*5.o i *2I. o
*6. I
•0.9
•7.5
*7. o
•9.3
*5.o
'3- S
<>7
4-4
5°
*I32
7-3
»i4.6
6. 22;
*4.o
*3.4
*2. I
»2.0
"*\.y\
*4-0 I
*9.7
10.3
*s.i
*8.7
<6. 7
*4.3
*6.o
8.S
14.6
*I.O
*o. 6
*9.o
*I2. 9
^14.0
II. 0
II. I
*4.o
*7-9
*6. 2
4. .W
^■ 44
1
7>
9.0
tO.8
9-3
9. I
8.4
7-7
9.9
Apr.
tS-3
•3 2
•12.7
9.1
«3S
12. 2
'■'•' i
I.'. 4
12.9
Ij.o
12. 2
12. <)
12. S
14.9
12.5
«3-2
16. ,?
12.7
12. O
13. 6
May. June. I July.
"3«
7.8
8. I
10. I
10.5
1). 2
0-3
12.5
9.3
9-4
8.8
8.3
7.8
6.0
6.6
6.6
5.6
(I. I
5-7
3- I
(■7
J. 4
4.0
50
3-4
to. I
tit
to. 6
»-4 tl.3
2.1" f'O
.^. i 2. 6
II. ,t O. J
4. 1 o. 4
14
Si
2.0
2-3
2.8
7-4
4-7
3-8
9.8
.IS
32
9-3
30
3-2
12.0
5.8
4.9
28.3
3.6
59
i >
* Exceeding this amount.
t Tliermonieter below scale ~ 50" (— 45'>.6 C J
'W
376
THE LADV FIIANKLIN HAY KXPEDITION.
The extreme ami mean readings of the maximum black-Lulb thermometer in i88i-'8j, as well as uf the British observations,
1875-76, at the same place, are as follows:
'I'aulk t' l,.W 1 1 . — Ji.xtniiiis and iiunns oj solar thfrmometirs at Fort Coii^tr.
9 181044' A -64° 45' 4" "J"'
Month.
octdliiT (isi ii> mil)
March (jjil to joth) .. .
April
May
June
July
iS75-'7f..
Max.
Min.
0
Mean.
e
•
26.0
11.0
20.8
42.0
- 3"
38.5
92.0
32.0
59.4
119. 0
69.0
98.0
128.0
66. 5
98.8
106. 0
54.5
89. 3
September (8th to 30th)
October (1st to 16th)..
March (21st to jlsl) ..
April
May
June
"ly- -
Month.
l88i-'83.
Facing north.
Facing south.
Max.
Min.
0
0
72.6
j8. 8
18. q
2.0
38.2
«5 3
79'
•7-9
108.2
59-7
104.9
61.3
102.5
SO- 7 1
41.
12.
28.
54-
85.
87.
86.
Max.
Min.
a
0
68.6
95
15.0
Zero
54-3
16.0
82.2
14.9
111.0
57- 0
104. 1
57°
104.6
55-6
43.1
6.7
35- o
61.0
89. 1
89.0
86.2
August
September.
October (l.st to 13th)
March (loth to 31st)
April
May...
June (1st to 15th) . .
July
THK LADY KKANKMN HAY KXI'RIHTION.
377
The following chart shows for each month in the year ihi- mean extess in ilenrces F'ahrenheit of the maximum black-bulb
in the sun over tiie ordinary bright bulb maximum in lln: shade. It likewise exhibits the mean difference between the railiating
minimum and the ordinary miniminn in the shelter. The value of the terri.'strial radiation curve from Decendier to Mart h, in-
clusive, is necessarily incorrect, owin^? to the fact that the minimum radiating tiiernu)meter was scaled only lo— t^o" [ — 4S.6''l'.).
Chart No. 17.— /•/«««(// cwrrw </ wlnr iiml Ifrrtilrutl tiuliiUioH nl IWl CiUl^vr, 9-. -f- 8|* 1^4', l88l'-iij.
JAN. rii. »n>, *n. ITAV jUKf Juiv <(.'i. ntrr oer. nov. Ofc. JAN.
» 1.1
♦ 70
-
/-
\
W'C r
♦ W
-
1
'
\
;«■' -
*m
-
/
\
♦ M
-
/
\
L
:\\° ~
♦ Sll
-Fiilii
/
\
♦ «
-
/
\
■M" -
♦ *»
-
/
\
♦ iiit
-
\
^
*" -
♦nn
-
V
♦ 40
-Full
\
\
u-c-
rm
-
\
10° cv
*ii
-
\
♦ lU
-
S"Cr
+ s
u
-»
-lu
—
"-■••
'•,,
^
/
^
~
-—
.^
'•,
.I'C.i-
-13
—
'■■■■
,••
Sun ;ili>ciil Del Ifllli— Fcb'y 'JHlh
. Solar ratliutinn ; excels of heal.
.'I'trri-'st'l " ; deficit of Ileal, (dolteil linM, doulitdil values.)
The solar radiation curve is from March i to October 16, the time durinj; which the sun is present at Fort Conger. From
data containeu in Table 165 it will be seen that the mean black-bulb in the sun in March is 37.3° [2o.7°C.J above the ordinary
shaded thermometer. The excess rises steailily to its maximum, •,0.4° (39.i°<.'.|, in May, after which the mean ilifference
gradually antl steailily decreases to its minimum value in Sei)teml)er and October [16 days|, 26.9° [i4.9°C'.| and 1 1.7° [6.5°C.],
respectively. 'I'he efiect ot increasing humidity or atjueous vapor in intcrcei)ting the solar heat, is shown in a most marked
manner by the above table anil curves, in connection with other tlata in this report.
As long as the ground remains frozen anil covered with snow, and the sea ice is unbroken, the value of the solar radiation
steadily increases at Fort Conger, but the instant these conditions change the increase is checked and some decrease begins.
The maximum excess for thirty consecutive days occurred from April 13 to May 12, 1883, 75.4° [41.9° C.J.
The sea ice reached its maximum thickness between May 1 and 10, and on May 9 the thermometer first remained above
zero [—17.8° C.]. On May 13 a fall of damp, heavy snow occurred, and the mean temperature rose to 25.5° [—3.6° C.].
Traveling parties reported the snow soft and damj) after this date, and on May 22 the temperature rose for the first time
above 32° [0° C.]. The temperature fell later in the month, and for three day.s — May 30 to June 1 — the excess of the solar
thermometer averaged 91.1° [50.6° C.]. On June 2 the temperature rose again above 32° (0° C.J. The maximum difference at
Point Barrow and Fort Rae occurred in April, a month earlier than at Fort Conger,
The maximum single readings of the black-bulb thermometer at Fort Conger were recorded both years in May, being
111° [43.9° C.J May 14, 1882, and 124.5° [S''4° ^J ^I>^y 3*' '8'^3' "i'-' highest single readings at Point Barrow and Jan
Mayen were almost coincident, being 127° [52.8° C.J at the latter station May 16, 1883, and 120.8° [49.4° C.J at the former
station May 14, 1883. The highest liailing at Fort Conger in 1876, 128.0° (53.3° C.), occurred June 6, five days before the
snow had melted sufficiently for water to run freely. At Fort Rae, an inland station, the highest solar reading was 140.4°
[60.2° C.J June 23, 1883, almost at the time tf the sun's maximum declination.
The differences between the maximum readings of the black-bulb and the ordinary thermometer in the shade were on
several occasions remarkably great. On May 7, 1882, the difference was 82.2° [45.7° C.J ; May 9, 86.7"» [48.2° C.J ; and May
14, 89.5° [49.2° C.J. In 1883 the differences were even greater, amounting to 94.1° [52,3° C.J May 31 and to 95.9° [S3-3° C.J
on May 5. It is interesting to remark that on this last day also occurred the highest solar reading and greatest recorded
differences for the year at Point Barrow.
1
I'll
I I'
11
yil
378
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
TERRESTRIAL RADIATION.
The minimum radiation thermometers, /'// vacuo, J. Green, New York, were fully exposed 4 inches [101.6™"'] above the
ground. Two instruments, one facing due north and the other south, were read at 7 p. m., Washington mean time (7.49
p. m., local mean time). As will be seen from Table CLXVIII, the instruments gave substantially the same indication.
Unfortunately, as the thermometers were only scaled down to —50° [—45.6° C], but few readings could be obtained during
the absence of the sun.
From November 7 to March 6 there were but twelve days on which the minimum did not fall below the scale, —so"
[-45.6° C.].
The following is a resume of the observations :
Tahle CLXVIII. — Extremes and means of terrestrial thermometers at Fort Conger.
Vi=: + 8l''44' X^- — 64''4S'-^ — 4>> 19'"
Month.
September 8th to 30th
October ist to 16th
July
1881 and 1882.
Max.
«5-5
••5
38- o
Min.
-23.0
-36. S
28.0
Mean.
-0.9
-•9-3
32.2
Max.
14.0
0.0
38.4
Min.
-21. o
-40. o
28.8
Mean.
-0.8
-21. 2
32.2
Month.
August
September
October
November
December
January
February .
March 6lh to 31st.
April
May
June
July 3cl to 26th . _ .
1882 and 1883.
33- o
19.0
— 2.0
— 25. 2
— 350
— 43-0
—23.2
4.1
-15.0
18.0
19.0
— 8.8
-35-0
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
(*)
— 26. 1
27-3
6.6
— 22. 1
(t)
(*)
(•)
(*)
— 25.0
—34-9
— 0.6
33-9
20.0
— 2.0
— 2',.0
-35-2
— 40. o
— 20.0
II. 4
— 14.0
19.0
27.9
33-0
* Below scale —50° [—45.6° C.
+ Helow scale —44° |— 42.2° (^.].
The differences between the mean minima, from the ordinary thermometer and from the radiating thermometer, is
known only for seven full months. The difference in April amounted to 12.4 |6.9°C.], which gradually and steadily decreased
to a minimum of 2.6'' [1.4° C] in July, whence it increased to 9.7'^ [5.4° C] in October. The differences for the missing months
were greater than is given below, as these values depend on many days on which the thermometer registered below the scale
— 50° [—45.6° C.J and so gave only negative knowledge as to the radiation for that day.
The annual fluctuation is shown by Chart 17, from which it is seen that the value decreases from its minimum in July to a
maximum in December. Although the values for December and January are imperfectly known, yet it is probable that the
minimum falls in December, as at Point Barrow. At Fort Rae the maximum value obtains in January.
On December 28, 1882, at Fort Conger, a difference of 31° [i7.2°C. | was noted. The greatest difference (excluding an
obvious error, February 24, 1883) at Point Barrow occurred only two days later,. 24.9° [13.9° C.]. At Fort Rae, as might
be expected from an inland station with the sun absent at midnight in summer, the maximum difference on one day was on July
(i8th), 1883.24.7° [13-7° CI-
, \
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
879
TEMPERATURE OF THE EARTH.
No extended observations of the tenr.perature of the earth were made, as the expedition was not provided with suitable
thermometers for tlie purpose.
Most unfortunately the glacial thermometer, Hicks No. 6, bulb about 3 feet [about i™] below the surface of the earth,
left in position by the British expedition, was broken in an attempt to move it. It read 26" [—3°. 3 C] on August 11, not
far from the date at which the maximum temperature of the year would be reached.
On November 18, 1881, the temperature 18 inches [457.19"""] below the surface of the earth was 7° [ — i3'.f) C.|, .ind at
2 inches [50.8'"'"] 3.0'' 1 — 16.1° C.].
The ground was found to be pernianently frozen, at depths varying from 20 to 24 inches [0.5"' to 0.6'" |, while estab-
lishing the bench-mark, ii. putting uji astronomical and pendulum jjiers. There is good reason to believe that the ground is
not free from frost, under the most favorable circumstances, to a greater depth than 3 to 6 feet [about 1'" to 2'"], according to
the character of the soil.
Two remarkable land-slips near Fort Conger and one in the interior of (Irinnell Land confirmed this o[)inion; and in
connection with two of them were observ.d remarkabk: conditions of heavy land ice.
On August 15, 1882, whi'.e traveling over the broken country between I'ort C'onger and Water-course Hay, Sergeant
Brainard called my attention to a body of ice which a land-slide had disclosed near the lop of the hill on the west side of
Water-course Creek. The crest of the hill was at least 60 feet [18'"] above the level of the creek, and the slide had left a
fresh clean break of 3 or 4 feet [.9 or :.2"'J. The upper half of the earth had thawed, but the lower half was frozen, and, what
was surprising, rested on a solid, hard, dear mass of ice. It was plain tliat the ice was of very considerable extent, but as to
how it came there could not be satisfactorily accounted for. The earth above was covered with scanty flora, showing that such
a condition of aiTairs was not new, and the configuration of the ravine forbade tiie idea of it having ever dammed, and so
backed up, a summer torrent.
Late in August, 1882, an extensive land-slide occurred near the station from the side of a precipitous hill, the base of
which had been worn into by the brook beneath. 'I'he crest of the hill was nearly 50 feet [15'"] above the creek, and the
slope was about 70 degrees. Eventually the clean break became visible, showing that the undisturbed part of the hill, to the
thickness of 10 or 12 feet [3 or 4'"], rested on an extensive mass of solid frost (to the taste) ice. The earth was solidly frozen
from the ice upwards to within perhaps 2)4 feet [-7 5'" J of the surface.
Tlie body of ice visible was of very considerable extent, there being a solid mass at least 15 feet [4'"] long, and 3 to 5
feet [.9 to 1.5'"] wide. There was no break in its continuity, as far as could be determined, and the possibility that it under-
ran the whole adjacent hill was not inconsistent with any of the surroundings. As in water-coi-rse ravines there was no pos-
sibility, with the present contours of the ground, that this ice could have formed from the damming. The hill above — a stifi",
light-colored clay — was covered with scanty flora. It was noticeable that scarcely a stone or pebb'.e was to be seen in the
fractured earth.
The possibilities of these masses of ice being remains of the glacial bed which undoubtedly once covered all of Grinnell
Land, or as having formed when the rapidly rising land was at the level of the sea, seemed the correct solution.
Sergeant Brainard carefully examined this body of ice at a later period. He reports that the earth above the ice showed
many distinct layers of rliflerent-colored soils, which to him indicated its gradual and easy deposition on the ice, or under
earth layers. The edge of the ice projected irregularly, but in no place was there a break in its continuity, nor were its limits
apparent except outwards from the hill-side.
A large recent land-slide was noticed by Sergeant Linn and myself, July, 1882, from a blufi" overlooking Very River. The
earth was frozen from near the surface a Tar down as the clean fracture could be seen. Our exhausted condition precluded
any careful or extended examination of it.
'TEMPERATURE OF THE SEA.
Observations of the temperature of the sea were made every four hours from July 7 to July 30, on which day hourly
observations were commenced and continued to include August 1 7, 1881 , when the Proteus was ready to leave Discovery Harbor
(Fort Conger) on her return voyage.
The surface observations were supplemented by others at the depth of 33 feet [lo'"] whenever the conditions were favor-
able.
Occasional attempts were made to obtain serial temperatures by means of a Negretti-Zambra instrument, but in most
cases the thermometer did not reverse, and consequently the results were unsatisfactory. The detailed temperatures are given
in Miscellaneous Observations, Table CLII.
:!l|
A\
''W : i
m
1
'• -a •
li
1.,
380
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
The mean daily temperature of the surface varied from 39° [4°C.] to 44" [7° C] from St. Johns, Newfoundland, until
the vessel was well into Davis Strait.
On July 1 1 the first ice was fallen in w ith, being the outskirts of the pack bordering the SW. coast of Greenland, in 61.5°
N., 53.3° W. It proved to be ojicri sailing ice, wliich was prevalent from 25 to 30 miles.
"On striking the ice," says my journal, "the temi)erature of the surface water sank from 40° [4.4° C] to 34-7° [1.5^ C],
while the tem|)erature at ^3 ft^et | io"'J was 33.7° '0.9= Cj. .\fter passing the ice surface temperature rose to 38.2° [3.4 C.]."°
A second belt of open sailing was met with in 62.4° N., 53'' W., about 10 miles wide. Tiie surface temperature fell to 34.2°
1 1.2° C], bi:t ros.' after passing it to 38" [3.3° C.]. Tlie temperature thence to Godhavn remained remarkably steady, varying
from 36,2° [2.,.;" C] to 39.7° [4.3° C.J for the surface, with a mean of 38.2" [3.4° C], and of 36.8° [2.7° C] at the depth of 33
feet [10"'].
The cbFcrvations at (lodhavn covered five days. The mean surface temperature was 44.4" [6.9° C], and at 33 feet
fio'"j43-3"',<^-3°^'-J-
The m^an temjjerature of Disco Bay, in running across, was 45° [7.2° C], but at Ritenbenk, from two days' observations
the surface gave a mean of 42.2° [5.7'' C.|, and ^^ feet [io"'J of 40.3° [4.6° C.].
In running through die Waigat the temperature remained unchanged at 39.7° [4.3° CJ, but in running up to Upernivik
along the coast it drop;;ed to 38.7° [3.7'' C.\, and later to 37.7" [3.2° C.J, with two observations as low as 36.2° [2.3"^ C!,].
At Upernivik the observations covered si\ days, which gave a mean of 370 [2.8° t".J for the surface, and 3(>.;3° [2.4° C]
at the djpth of 33 feet [io"'|. In crossing \Iellville Hay no pack was met with, but in 75° N., 65° W., open sailing ice was
seen to the westward. The sea had a mean temperature of 35° [1.7° C.J, with a minimum single observation of 31.7°
f-°-"^'-l- . . .
la die vicinity of ("ape V'ork considerable ice, in small detached and open packs, was seen and the temperature varied,
according to i)roximity to the ice, from 31.7° | —0.2° C.J to 36.7° [2.6° C.J. The mean temperature was 34.9° [1.6° C.J for the
surface, against 35.9° [2.2° C.j at 33 feet | io"'|. For tlie first time the surface was colder than the water below, and that this
condition was general is proved by the fact that out of 25 simultaneous observations in the neighborhood of Cape V'ork, the
lower water was colder 22 times, and there was no ilifference twice.
From tliis it ai)penrs that the water is 1° |o.6° (.'..] cohler at the surface than at 33 feet [io"'J, 0.1° [0.06° C.J colder than
at 60 fathoms [i 10'" J and 3.4° [1.9° C.J warmer than at i8c fathoms [3 29'" J. At 60 fathoms [iio"'J the temperature was 35°
fi.7°C.|, and at 180 fathoms [329'"! 31.5° [ — 0.3° C.J.
The tem])erature of surface and at 33 feet [io"'J fell steailily at Carey and Littleton Islands, being 33.6° [0.9° C.J surface,
33.3° [o.7°C.J 33 feet [ io"'| at the former and 2^° [0.6" C.J surface, 32.2" [0.1° CJ 3^ feet [io"'J at the latter. Nearer land^
until Cape .\lexander was readied, the water was about 2° [ i'^ C'.J warmer. The same mean surface temperature as at Littleton
Island i)revailed until Cape Hawks was reached. Kane Sea, however, was entirely free from ice, and possibly the surface
water may have come in from tlie south on a flowing tiile.
However tliat may have been, at Cape Hawks the temperature fell very decidedly, being 32.3" [0.2° C.J at surface, 31.5°
f — 0.30 C] at _]i feet [io"'|, and 30.7° 1—0.7" C.J at 30 fathoms [55"'J.
Running near the (irinnell Land coast the mean surf^ice temperature of Cape Hawks was carried northward to Carl Ritter
Bay, 32.4° [0.2" C.J, with 31.3° [—0.4° C.J at 33 feet [io"'J and 30.4° [ — 0.9° C.J in 42 fiithoms [77"'J. On approaching
Hall Uasin another decided fall of temperature took place, and in hourly observations for six days only four readings were as
high as 31° [0.6" C. |.
During six <lays between C'ape Lieber and Hannah Island the sea remained steady at 29.6° [—1.3° C.J for the surface
and 29.1° [ — 1.6" C] in ^^ feet (io"'j. The mean daily range for surface was 1.8° [1.0° C.J, and at a feet [io"'J only 0.5°
[0.3° C|.
After entering Discovery Harbor (Fort Conger) the mean for the following six days rose 3° [1.7" C.J for the surface and
0.5° 1 0.3° C.J in 23 'eet [io"'|. The causes which sc materially changed the surface sea temperatures in Discovery Harbor
from that in the open straits are doul)tless tiie same as prevail in all b.-iys, fiords, or inlets north of Cape York. Tlie broken,
precipitous country is never entirely covered with snow, and its deep, narrow valleys near the coast afford quick drainage to
*hc sea. Rajiid summer torrents are : revalent wherever snow falls in quantity or the inland ice-cap touches a valley. In
consequence enormous ([uantities of fresh water at the temperature of ^2° [o" C.| is jxiured into and covers the sea. Dr,
Moss, R. N., records that water of this temperature covered to a depth of 9 feet [2.7"'J the I'oiar Ocean 500 yards [4S7"'J from
the shore at Floeberg lieach.
In summarizing it may be briefly stated that the mean daily temperature of the sea's surface sank from 38.7° [3.7° C|, in
66° N., 5s' \V. (just south of Disco Island), to 29.6° [ — 1.3 C.J in 81° 30' N., the U[)per i)art of Kennedy Channel. As will be
seen from tiie daily means in Table clxxvi, this decrease was gra'lual and continuous, being interpolated only in the Greenland
ports and o.ie day in passing Whale and Murchison Sounds, Irom which must povr out much warm water.
TC8a»f^ .-tt:' «fciiaw
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
381
This opinion finds certain verification in Nare's experience in finding the water at this point abnormally high in July, but
at a normal temperature in September. In going from Disco to Kane's Sua our surface temperatures were i" [0.6° C] higher
than those of the Ikitish Expedition, 1875-76, for July,
The difficulty of comparing one set of sea tem[)eratures with another is obvious. The errors of the instruments are not
aUvais carefully determined or aiwlicd, and again a ilifTerence in the temperature is readily caused by lack of care and proper
precautions in making the observation. Again, as tiie tem[)erature of the sea changes sensibly from month to montli, such
differences may result from this cause as to lead to appreciable antl misleading errors and theories.
It would seem that it would be belter to adopt the method of taking temperatures at the uniform depth of 3^ feet [10"' J,
thus obviating the influence of strictly local conditions, such as floating ice, discharging fresh-water streams, iVc. .\s pertinent
to this suggestion, it may be mentioned that the range of surface temperatures was twice as great within the Arctic Circle, as
at the depth of 33 feet [io"'J.
TEMPKRATURK OF THE SKA AND MEASUREMENTS OF .UK Al' FORT vJONGER.
The temperature of the sea was observed tri-mo'Ulily the first year and five times each inonlh the second year, on which
occasions the thickness of the salt-water ice was also carefully measured (Table CLXXl).
The monthly means are as follows :
Table CLXIX. — Monthly mean temperature of sea loati r ami mean thickness 0/ salt-water ue at Fort Conger, i88i-'83.
<t = -f8i°44' X^ — 64°4S'r; -41'iy'"
Montlis.
August .. ...
September* .
Octoberf
November . .
IJeceniber ..
January . ...
February _..
March
Aprit
May .
June
July
1881.
1883.
Surface.
3J feet.
30. 10
28. 18
27.98
28.88
28.40
28. 63
28.63
28.93
28.90
29-63
an
30.02
28. 78
28. 3S
28.74
28. 70
28. 63
28.47
28.67
28.90
29.70
29-93
66 feet.
29-45
28.70
28.10
20.00
liottom.
Feet.
Temper-
ature.
76
98.8
loo. 5
42
45-4
43
40
46. 2
60. 7
77-7
59- 3
Thickness
of ice.
inchts.
.Surface.
II feet.
66 feet.
29-75
29. 26
28.15
28 20
28. 72
28. 63
28.80
28.73
28. 90
29.63
29. 70
II. 9
22. 3
28.6
31.8
36-5
47.6
53-9
55-5
54.0
47-5
0
0
31.60
30- 97
29-23
29. 23
29. 03
29.03
23.90
29. 03
28.90
28 97
28. 97
29.03
28.97
29 07
29. 10
29-13
29. 20
29.27
29.27
29. 30
30.05
30- 03
31-33
30.70
•Omitting leth.
29. lo
2 •'- 97
28.90
29.03
29.00
29. 10
29. 27
29. 27
30-03
30-63
tOmiUinj; teinpcrutures of iist.
liottom.
Feet. '''7'>'"
ature.
61
69
79
106
no
"3
'•3
114
119
>'3
.Si
30-57
29-15
29- 03
29. 00
28.90
29. 00
29. 00
29. 10
29- 23
29.27
30. 07
.1°- 70
—
liicl<ncss
of ict
liuhe
r.
0.
00
5-
38
17-
25
29- 75 1
.19-
69
48.
19
53-
25
5b.
16
57-
01
50
61
50
50
32
17
The maximum thickne.ss of t'.ie ice was 59.8 inches [1.52'"] May 20, 1882, and 57.8 [1.47"'] May 17, 1883. The ice in
i875-'76 only attained the thickness of 39.25 inches [i'"] April 30, and 38 inches [0.96'"] May 31, with no intermediate
measurements.
From the temperature observations it appf^ars that the water at th*- depth of 33 feet [lo"'] and 66 feet [20'"] is, perhaps,
0.1° [0.06° C.J warmer than at the surface
The extre..-e difficulty of making accurately such observations through the winter months is evident, but, in addition, the
breakage of seveial thermometers and the uncertainty that all the instruments used were strictly comparable complicated the
situation. The observations dependent on thermometer No. 320, from January i, 1882, to July, 1883, are strictly comparable,
and the second winter's observations are free from peculiarities which marked the first winter.
Tlie surface temperature of the sea was obtained, however, with great accuracy the second year, there being one observer
and one thermometer, the error of which was determined at 2,-° [0° * •]•
I ' '1
'I
liii
■ i
iii'
I i I !i
382
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXX. — Mean temperatures of the surface of the sea, Fort Conger, i882-'83.
: H i
Months
1882.
(October*.
November
December
1883.
January . .
I'elruary .
March
April
May .
Junet
High
Low i
water. water.
Mean.
29. 20
29.07
28.97
29.01
29. 10
29. 21
29. 29
29. 29
29- 39
28.96
28.97
28. 90
28. 94
29.06
29.19
29.27
29.24
29- 33
29.04
29.02
28.94
28.98
29.08
29. 20
29. 28
29. 26
29.36
» Six days.
+ Eighteen days.
No regular readings were made through the winter of iSys-'yG by the British Arctic Expedition, but the lowest detached
readings, 28.2°, were made November 29 and December 24 (no readings between) at Floeberg Beach, 83^ 27' N.
It is evident from these observations that the temperature of the water follows the movement of the sun, as Sherman's
observations show to be the case at Ananito, Cumberland Gulf. At Jan Mayen there seems to be the same tendency, as the
mean temperature of the sea in March, the coldest month, is but 0.054° [0.03° C] below that of December. At Point
Barrow, although the movement of the sun and the lowest temperature of the air unite to bring about the sea minimum in
December, yet it fell in January. It should be remarked, however, that the observations were for eleven days only in December.
Along the Atlantic coast, from Florida to New Jersey, the temperature of the water follows that of the air, but along the
New England coast the temperature of the sea lags behind that of the air a month.
A series of observations of the temperature of the high and low water at Fort Conger (Table CLXX) resulted froin an
examination of the surface temperatures in Kennedy Channel, August, 1881, when the flowing tide (from the north) was
noticed to be slightly warmer than the ebbing tide (from the south).
Sergeant Rice, who made the series, was a very intelligent and careful observer, but was imbued, as he afterwards admitteil,
with the opinion that the temperatures should be the same at all times and was only convinced to the contrary by careful and
continued observations.
The thermometer, in a regular water-case, was regularly suspended for about five minutes 3 feet [0.91'"] below the surface
at both high and low water.
The difference of 0.1° [0.06° C] is small, but it may indicate a slightly higher temperature (perhaps 1° [0.56° C.]) to the
extensive Polar Sea than to the narrow straits which form the northern part of the West Greenland Channel.
The observations of H. M. S. Akrf, off Cape Union, at the entrance to the Polai Sea, August 1 and 2, 1876, 4 readings,
give a temperature of 30.5° [—0.8° C], while at Cape Beeciiey, August 3-10, 8 readings, .show ,,9.06° [—1.6° C,], with 29.5°
[—1.4° C] the maximum. No mean as high as that at Cajie Union was recorded by the Alert on her voyage southward
until Buchanan Strait, 4.5° lower latitude, was reached.
The annual mean temperature of sea water at F'ort Conger may be ,.iaced at 29.6° [—1.3° C] for the surface and 29.3"
[ — 1.5° C] at the depth of ^^ feet [10'" J.
At no time does the mean temperature at ^^ feet [10"'] reach the melting point of fresh-water ice, and at the surface in
July only.
These means show conditions in the Polar Ocean under which fresh-water ice can melt only by the action of the sun on
such portions as are above the surface of the water.
■est detached
IS Sherman's
dency, as tlie
r. At Point
minimum in
n December,
ut along the
ds admitted,
careful and
ce and 29.3°
le surface in
f the sun on
THE LADY FBANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXI, — Sea temperatures and ice measurements 'it Fort Conger, i88i-'82.
0=:-|-8l''44' X = — 64° 45'_- — 41" 19m
383
Dates.
Sept. I
Sept. 6
Sept. II
Sept. 16
Sept. 22
Sept. 26
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct. 16.
Oct. 21.
Oct. 26.
Nov. I .
Nov. 6.
Nov. II.
Nov. 26.
IJec. I .
Dec. 12.
Dec. 16.
Dec. 21.
Dec. 27.
I.
6.
II.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan. 1 7 .
Jan. 21.
Jan. 26.
Feb. I .
Feb. II.
Feb. 21.
Mar. I .
Mar. II.
Mar. 22.
Apr. I .
Apr. 1 1 .
Apr. 21.
May 2 .
May II.
May 21.
June 2 .
June II.
June 21.
July I .
July 1 1 .
July 21.
1882.
Number
of ther-
mometer
used.
Sea temperatures (corrected).
Surface.
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
52
3«
3'
3>
3'
3"
3' !
3'
32s
325
325
325
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
?20
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
31.6
30-5
30- :
29. o
29-3
27.8
28.8
29. 6
27-3
27.9
27- 4
27.0
28.9
27.4
28.6
29. I
29.4
28.9
28.4
28.6
28. s
27.5
28.6
28. 5
28.6
28.7
28.7
28. s
28.7
28. s
28.7
28.7
28.8
28.7
29- 3
28.8
28.9
29.0
33 feet.
29.9
30-4
29. 6
30.2
29.
30-
29.
32.
34-
29.0
29. I
29.7
27- 7
24.9
28.4
28.2
28.3
27.9
29.0
29. 2
29-3
28.7
28.2
28.3
28.6
29.0
66 feet.
29.
29.
28.
28.
28.
28.
28.7
28. 5
28.7
28.3
28.4
28.7
28.8
28.7
28. s
28.9
28.9
28.9
29. 1
30.0
30.0
29.9
29.7
30.2
29. 2
29.0
29. 1
27.9
25- 9
28.3
28.3
27.9
28.1
Various depths.
Feet Temper-
'^*'' ature.
42
72
96
94
92
96
100
107
104
99
99
102
42
40
40
40
59
48
48
39
42
37
42
30.0
29.8
29- 5
29.7
29.
30-
29.
28.
27-
28.
28.1
28.2
28.2
29.0
46-5
47
45
48
49
85
72
78
83
58
78
42
29.0
28.7
28.7
28.7
28.5
28.7
28.5
28.7
28.5
28.9
29.0
28.9
28.8
28.5
28.9
28.7
29. 1
29. 1
30.0
29.8
29.5
29.4
30.2
Thick-
ness of
ice.
Inches.
4- 38
9.00
15- 5
«S-5
15.0
22.0
21. 5
19.5
.21-3
25- 75
26.0
27.0
27. 125
27.0
29.0
33- o
31.0
32.5
28. s
32.0
34
36
33
34
44
34- o
40.0
44-5
52.5
53-
54-
52.
55-5
53-5
59.0
54.
SO.
59-75
52.
57-
52.
29.0
Remarks.
30.1° at 16 fathoms.
Ice measured in new place.
On i6th.
On 17th in new place.
Temperatures on these dates as read off.
Error unknown.
Ice probably measured in same hole as pre-
vious date, January 21.
Measurement made in new place; old hole not
frozen up; covered with ice 47. 1 inches.
Measured in new place 20 yards farther from
shor?.
I Measured in new place 20 yards farther from
f shore.
Ice broke up July 9.
.; ii
'Hi
m.
, i
:!
■; i
,:■! ii
Ij |!:
/-\
384 THK LADY FRAXKIJN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXI. — &■<? ttrnperatures and ice measurements at Fort Conger^ iSSz-'Sj —Continued.
}'
MM
1 1
! \-
Dates.
1882.
Aug. 3
Aug. 12
Aug. 21
Sept. I
Sept. II
Sept. 21
Oct. 2
Oct. II
Oct. 21
Nov. I
Nov. II
Nov. 21
Dec. I
Dec. II
Dec. 21
1883.
Jan. I _ .
Jan. II
Jan. 21 _..
Feb. I
Feb. II
Feb. 21
Mar. I . - ,
Mar. II
Mar. 21...
Apr. I
Apr. II
Apr. 21
May I - .
May II
May 21
June I
June II
June 21
July '-■-
July II
July 21 __
Number
ofllier-
mometer
used.
Sea temperatures (corrected).
Surface. ! 33 feet. . 66 feet.
Various depths.
♦320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
320
I
29- 3
29-3
29. I
29. 1
29. 1
28.9
29.0
28.8
28.9
28.8
29.0
28.9
28.9
29.0
29.0
29.0
28.9
29.0
29.0
29. I
29. 2
29. 2
29. 2
29. 2
29. 2
29. 2
29.4
29-3
29.4
3'4
.31-5
3«.3
3'-4
99 feet.
i^i 30-4
3'-7 - 3"-4
31.8, 31. 1
29-3
29. 3
29. I
29.
29.
28.
29.
29.
29.
28.9
29. o
29.0
29.
29.
29.
29.
29.
29.
29.0
29. 2
29. 2
29- 3
29. 2
29.3
29- 3
29- 3
29-3
29- 3
29- 3
3'S
29.7
3>'
29. I
29.0
29.0
28.9
28.8
29.0
28.9
29.0
29.0 I
29. I I
29.0 I
29.0 j
29.0 I
29.0 I
29. I
29. 2 I
29.2
29- 3
29-3 I
29. 2
29- 3
29- 3
29- 3
29- 3
315
29.7
3'>
3« «
Feet.
45
95
43
60
Temper-
ature.
29.0
28.8
29. o
28.9
29. o
29.0
29. o
29. I
29.0
29. o
29.0
29. 2
28. I
29.
29.
29.
29.
29.
78
60
92
86
104
108
105
108
112
no
no
114
114
no
114
"5
114
115
114
"5
121
120
no
'17
"7
112
81
81
81
81
Tliick-
ness of
ice.
'q. 8
3«-^
30-7
29. 2
29. I
29. I
29. I
28.9
29.0
29.0
29.0
28.8
28.9
29.0
29.0 I
29.0
29.0
29.0
29.0
29.0
29. o
29. I
29. 2
29. 2
29-3
29. 2
29. 2
29-3
29- 3
29. 3
29.4
31.0
30.0
3'«
fnc/iis.
3'>
7.0
"••5
17.0
19.0
23-5
29.0
31.0
35-5
38.0
41-75
43-5
46.0
Si.o
52.25
53- o
53- o
54-75
56-33
57-33
56-25
56-7
57-33
57-75
57.0
56-3
55-4
55.0
SI. 8
39-8
36.0
20. 7
Remarks.
No new ice in harbor.
Thickness of ice in Lake Alexandra,
79.8 inches.
Evidently unreliable; probably af-
fected bv surface water.
* Tbermometer inclosed In Signal Service case.
^1
THK LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
385
I
Table CLXXH. — Tcmpnatiirc of suiface sea water at hij^h and low water, J'ort Conger, 1882-83.
^ = -f-8l"'44' / - 64° 45' = - 4h igm
Date.
9-
10..
II.-
12..
•3-
14-
15-
16.
17.
18.
19.
10.
21.
22.
23-
24-
25-
26.
27-
28.
29-
30-
31-
29- 3
29. 2
29. 2
29. 2
29. I
November,
1882.
High. Low.
29
28.9
29.0
29.0
28.9
28.9
29. o
zS.9
29. o
29. o
28.9
29. o
29.0
I
. 2
•3
. I
. 2
. I
. I
. 2
. 2
. I
. 2
. 2
. 2
. I
. I
. I
. I
.0
28.9
29. I
. O
. O
. o
. I
.0
29.
. I
. I
.0
.0
.0
. I
. I
. I
.0
. I
. I
. o
. I
. I
.0
. I
. I
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. I
. I
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. o
.0
28.9
28.9
.0
. I
.0
. I
. I
28.9
29.0
. o
28.9
•9
.8
•9
•9
.8
.8
•9
•9
29.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
28.9
29.0
. 1
.0
.0
.0
28.
29.
o
I
9
o
.0
.0
.0
.0
28.9
29.0
.0
28.9
29.0
28.9
29.0
28.9
29.0
.0
28.9
•9
.8
•9
lJcceml)er,
1882.
Higli.
28.9
■ 9
29.0
28.9
•9
•9
29.0
.0
.0
.0
28.9
29.0
28.9
•9
29.0
28.9
29.0
.0
.0
28.9
29.0
28.9
•9
29
•9
•9
•9
•9
•9
•9
■9
o
.0
28.9
•9
29.0
.0
. I
. I
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
28.9
29. I
.0
. I
. I
. I
. I
.0
.0
. I
.0
28. 9
•9
•9
Low.
28
29
29
January. 1883. ^''^^^'^^^y-
High.
29
28
29
Low.
28.9
•9
•9
•9
.8
•9
29.0
.0
28.
•9
■9
•9
.8
•9
•9
•9
29.0
28.9
•9
•9
•9
•9
•9
.. ..^.
•9
•9
29.0
.0
28.9
•9
29.0
.0
.0
.0
. I
.0
28.9
29.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. I
.0
. I
. I
. I
High.
29
29. I
.0
. I
. I
. I
. I
. I
. I
. I
. I
. I
. I
.0
. I
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
. I
. I
.0
. I
. I
.0
March, 1883.
High. Low.
29. I
I
29. I
. I
. I
. I
. I
. I
April, 1883.
High. Low.
29- 3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
. 2
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
2
. 2
2
. 2
2
. 2
2
.2
3
.2
3
.2
3
■3
3
. 2
3
. 2
3
•3
2
•3
2
.2
3
.2
.2
3
•3
3
■3
3
•3
3
■3
3
.2
3
■3
3
•3
3
•3
3
•3
3
•3
3
•3
3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
•3
29
• Observations missed.
t Probably affected by influx of running; water intii bay.
No. 330 (water) used to include October 31 ; correction applied — o'.j.
No. 764 (exposed) used from November i ; correction applied — o' .a.
U. Mis. 393, pt 2 25
May, 1883.
High.
29-3
•3
•3
. 2
•3
•3
. 2
•3
•3
•3
• 3
•3
(*)
(*)
(*)
Low.
29
June, 1883.
High. Low.
29
t30
t29
t3o
29
t
t.50
t29
t3o.
29
■s. «
o y
:!
,1^ liHil
m
ill
' !>
:i,ll
fjlv
,'l
li;
iil!! i
m\n
j.i
■iih
386
TOE LADY rUANKLlN BAY EXPEDITION.
AURORAL OBSERVATIONS.
The aurora was regularly looked for at each hour of observation, and any display from +03 minutes to +18 minutes
could hardly have escaped observation.
The continual presence of the sun from April 1 2 to September i i)revented any displays from being visible for that period.
Cloudy weather prevailed to a considerable extent at other seasons. Table CLXXIII exhibits however the relative frequency
of the aurora during hours at which a display could have been seen.
In general, it may be said that auroras at Fort Conger were colorless and quiescent, and that magnetic disturbances were
not generally coincident with auroras of this class. At times disturbances followed the disappearance of the display.
Again, colored auroras and those of rapid changes of form and position seemed to be more frequently contemporaneous
with magnetic disturbances. Displays were most frequently seen in the magnetic meridian, and such were of longer con-
tinuance than those which were seen in the true north or in other quarters of the heavens.
Table CLXXIII. — Hours during which aurora could possibly have been seen and hours during which it was seen.
Months.
1881
-•82.
1882
-'83-
Possible.
Seen.
Possible.
Seen.
September..
October
November . .
December..
January
February
March
Total...
I'ercentage .
27
383
540
456
554
508
109
2
19
21
29
19
9
0
31
307
630
590
544
484
144
0
25
94
72
54
14
0
2.577
99
2.730
259
3-8
9-5
f
' 1!
|i
\\ -il
1
il .,'
The aurora gave appreciable light and in one instance cast my shadow. Even the most imaginative of the party never
heard any noise to ascribe to this phenomenon, although all were asked to carefully listen and report any such noise.
An attempt was once made to photograph the aurora, but it failed from lack of proper facii"iies, if for no other cause.
As photographs were obtained seventeen days after the absence of the sun for the winter, and at temperatures far below
zero Fahrenheit [—17.8° C], there seems no good reason, however, to think the apparatus was defective.
The paucity of auroral displays was anticipated by me, though surprise has been manifested at the small number. In
the following descriptions the directions refer to true points of the comj)ass, and the elevations are all estimated :
RECORD OF AURORAS.
yuly i, 1881 (from 11.45 P- ™- to 12 midnight). — A very bright aurora was observed at 11.45 P- '"•i extending from
• * • It shot up a few streamers and continued until after midnight.
yuly 4, 1881 (from 12 midnight to 12.10 a. m.). — At 12.10 a. m. the aurora had entirely disappeared. The color was of
pale yellow, and the outlines of the arch were very distinct. The moon was shining very brightly during the entire display.
Si-pti'iiihir 21, 1881 (from 9.40 p. m. to 10.30 p. m.). — An aurora noticed at 9.40 p. m., extending from the horizon
(azimuth 170°) to a height of about 90°, gently undulating and flashing to a bright light at variable intervals, from a few
seconds to one-fourth of a minute, obscured by clouds at 10.30 p. m.
October 16, 1881 (from 7 p. m. to 7.20 p. m.). — An aurora observed between 7 and 7.20 p. m. extending about 15° above
the horizon. Faint flashes of whitish light reaching the zenith at times from N. 90° to 270° E. No part of heavens particu-
larly covered. No magnetic disturbance. **•
October 19, 1881 (from 9.03 p. m. to 9.21 p. m.). — At 9,03 p. m. an auroral arch was observed extending from N. to N.
110° E., reaching nearly to the zenith. It was of a whitish color and continued to 9.15 p. m. It reappeared at 9.17 p. m.
and extended to the zenith, disappearing at 9.21 p. m.
*** Indicate letterpress copy was illegible. — A. W. Greely, Lieutenant.
i8 minutes
THE LADY FRAMvLlX HAY EXI'KDITIOX.
387
Display generally colorless beams, although curtain formation was first seen at 9.15 p. m. Long sleniler flashes rose to
the zenith from various points lietween N. 135" K. and X. 315° K, It fadeil instantly on appearing. At 9.18 p. in. two
l)an<ls of colorless light 5" wide rose from N. 135° E. and N. 315° 1'".., and met in the zenith. This band from horizon to
horizon increased in brightness for two or three minutes and slowly vanished.
Oitof:rr 22, 1881 (from 6 p. m. to 6.215 P- "i)- — ^^ ^ P- "■>• ^^ auroral arch well defined, white in color an<l about 2° in width,
was observed extending from eastern to western horizon. The center of the arch passed through the *••, Alpha Ho('itis and
Jupiter. At 6.15 p. m. the outlines were not as well defined, the center of the arch breaking up and spreatling toward the
zenith, disappearing at 6.25 p. m., except an undefined nebular api)earance near the zenidi. At 6.10 p. m. a streamer shot up
from the north toward tiie center of the arch. Observations of the magnetometer during the display showed a slight magnetic
disturbance.
Ocfolier ze^, i88i (from 5.55 p. m. to 6.05 ]). m.). — \n auroral streamer, N. 10° K. about 2° in width, white in color,
passing through the Pleiades, and reaching to the zenith ai)peare(l at 5.55 p. m. lasting until 6.02 p. m., when it began to fade,
entirely disappearing at 6.05 p. m.
October 26, 1881 (from 12.02 a. m. to 4.10 a. m.). — At 12.02 a. m. an auroral arch, white in color, appeared extending
from the eastern to the western horizon, reaching to within 4° of the zenith and about 6° in width ; disappeared at 12.07 ^- "'•
Aurora reappeared at 12.30 a. m. in the form of an arch, extending north and south, the center of which was about 15°
above the eastern horizon. Near the south end of arch faint streamers were visible. At 12.55 ^- '"• streamers a|)peared in the
west and southwest. At 1.25 a. m. the arch had disappeared, but a burning glow remained on the south and southwest horizon.
At 2 a. m. a streamer shot up about 5° from the NW. horizon, while a luminous glow extended from the southwest nearly to the
zenith. All disappeared at 2.17 a. m. At 3 a. m. an arch reappeared, extending from N. 135° E. to N. ; the light being very
diffuse and reaching but a short distance from the horizon, except on the south, where well-defined streamers rose to about 15°,
and in the west, where the .same phenomena were observed. The streamers, at ^.15 a. m., disappeared, and the aurora was
scarcely visible until 3.30 a. m., when a very low arch formed in the south, the center lising only 10° from the horizon, while
the ends were simply intervening hills. At 3.40 a. m this arch rose to within 15° of the zenith with sharp and well-defined
outlines and about 3° in width. 'I'he extremities of the arch were N. 120° E. to N. 215° E., while on the horizon there was a
faint light. At 3.45 a. m. this arch entirely disa[)peared ; at 3.50 a. m. it resumed the cuitain formation in the south, which
extended along and about 5° above the horizon, the extremities being hidden by the intervening hills. It was about 3° degrees
in width; at the same time two columns rose from the western horizon, the larger rising 25°, and a slight reddish color was
noticed, the only deej) color heretofore noticed in the aurora, it being a pale yellow. At 4 a. m. it was very bright near the
southern horizon, but of no distinctive formation and very faint in the east, entirely disap[)earing at 4.10 a. m.
October 28, 1881 (from 8 p. m. to 8.25 p. m.). — An aurora appeared at 8 p. m. extending in the form of a white column
from N. 240 E. to within 10° of the zenith. The line of light was continued from about the same distance east of the zenith,
terminating in a brilliant column near Jupiter about 3° in width, while below, as far as N. 90° E., foint columns were visible,
arising but a few degrees above the horizon. At 8.15 p. m. the display was transferred to the southern horizon in the shape of
a column rising from the center, passing through to the constellation of Taurus and reaching to within about 15° of the zenith.
It appeared to have originated from a common center, but the column, if any, was hid by intervening hills; one ray shot up
so as to nearly reach the zenith ; another rose from a little north of Pleiades to within 45° of zenith, and was remarkably
bright. Disappeared at 8.25 p. m.
October 29, 1881 (from 9 p. m. to 10. 'o p. m.). — At 9 p. m. an auroral streamer was observed about 10° E. of S., disap-
pearing in a few minutes. At 9.03 p. m. a streamer about 2° in width shot up from the south, passing through the Pleiades
and reaching to the northern horizon, while in the east and northeast numerous faint streamers were observed extending from
15° above the horizon. The auroral arch disappeared at 9.15 p. m. Another one, 10° in width, well defined, with a slight
reddish tint, appeared extending from the northern to the western horizon, and passmg through Saturn and Arcturus. At g.30
p. m. another one not so well definetl, about 2° in width, extending from the same point on the horizon, api)eared. Also faint
streamers in the north, lasting but a few minutes. At 10 p. m. the streamers in the E. and NE. disappeared; at 10.05 P- "'•
the two arches already began to fade, and disappeared at 10.10 p. m. No magnetic disturbance observed.
Octo/ier 30, 1881 (from 9 p. m. to 9.^5 p. m.). — An aurora appeared at 9 p. m. in form of an arch, extending from N. to
S., and was about 2° in width. At 9.05 p. m. a second arch appeared, about 15° below the first one. This second arch was
about 5° in width. Both the arches were white in color. The display tlisappeared at 9.25 p. m. No magnetic disturbance
noticed.
NoT'emlwr 10, 1881 (from 12.01 a. m. to 5.15 p. m.), — At 12.01 a. m. an aurora was observed extending from about 15°
above the north horizon to about 5° south of the zenith ; color, white. Disappeared at 1 2.05 a. m. At 5.05 p. m. a faint auroral
streamer was abserved in western horizon, disappearing at 5.15 p. m.
*** Indicate letter-press copy was illegible. — A. W. Greely, Lieutenant.
Ill n
388
THE LADY FUANKLIN UAY KXrEDlTION.
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AWemher 14, 18S1 (from 12.17 p. "i- ''"• " p.m.). — A faint aiiror.al streamer 20° cast, exten(lin>{ to 20'> beyond the zenith,
white in ( olor and about 1° in widtli, appeared at 12.17 P- '"•> ''luting until 12.27 P- '"•> ^^'"-•n it entirely failed away, reappear-
ing at 1 2. 28 p. 111. 18" v.. of N. and passing through Jupiter, reaching to within 20° of the zenith, disappearing at 12.34 p. m.
A streamer, about 5" in width, shot up about 45° !•'.. of N., of a very reildisli color, and extending about 15° above the hori-
zon, when the column was apparently broken by tiie upper movements of the air, the column rising to the northward. In a
few minutes the column contracted to about 1° in wiilth, and leaving its reddish color, taking that of white, extended in a direct
line to tiie S\V. liorizoii about 15° S. of \V. A; 3.05 p. m. the c(jlumn lost its cor.ipact form and began breaking up in detached
portions, assuming a riitbon form perpendicular to the horizon and near the zenith, spreading out to about 5° in width, the
ribbons luning a waving motion from E. to W., the entire arch moving slowly to the southward, slowly fading away, entir-ly
disap|)earing at 4.05 p. m. Reappearing again at 4.15 p. m. in the form of an arch, extending from 135° I',, of N. to about
20° \',.\ the center of arch being about 1° in width, disappearing at 4.30 p. m. At 10 p. m. an arch extending from N. to i8» E.
appeared, liaving a ribbon formation. The center of arch about 10° from zenith, about 4° in width and yellow in color. At
10.30 p. m. the arch had moved to tlie west, passing through the Pleiades and embracing in its jiath Polaris, disappearing at 1 1
p. m.
AWrmliiT 20, 1881 (9.30 a. m.). — An aurora'i streamer was reported to have been seen by Doctor Pavy in the NE. at 9.30
a. m. No magnetic disturbance.
AWcmh-r 23, 1S81 (from 9 a. m. to 9.10 a. m.). — At 9 a. m. an aurora appeared, extending from 30° above the north
horizon to the same altitude above N. 18° E., passing through the zenith. It was the ribbon formation; color, white. Disap-
peared entirely at 9.10 a. m.
AWiiiilicr 24, 188 1 (5.40 p. m. to 9.3c p. m.). — Three auroral streamers appeared at 5.40 p. m., rising from horizon at N.
22° E. about 15°. At 7.18 they reappeared, extending to within about 15° of the zenith from points on the horizon between N.
45° E. and N. 315° 1^. ;tolor, white. At 7.23 p. m. it assumed the arch formation, extending from N. 315° E. to N. 135° E.,
slowly fading and disappearing at 7.33 p. m.; reappearing in the SE. as a streamer, in width 2°, at 8.25 p. m.; disappearing at
8.37 ]). m. The aurora reappeared again at 8.50 p. m. in SE. and NVV., as faint ribbon streamers, about 15° above the horizon,
2° in width and 15° in length, concentrating into an arch extending from N. 315° E. to N. 135° E., 1° in width, slowly fading at
9.15 \). m., and entirely disappearing at 9.30 p. ni. Heavy magnetic disturbance.
A'orrmhcr 25, 1881 (from 6,45 a. m. to 9.55 a. m.). — An auroral arch, reaching from N. to N. 122° E., appeared at 6.45
a.m.; center of arch about 10" above horizon and of the curtain formation, about 5° in width and white in color, disappearing
entirely at 7.10 a. m. At 9.40 a. m. an auroral arch was observed from N. 30° E. to N. 130° E., about is" in height at center.
At its northern end it was very bright. In color, pale yellow. Above the arch was observed a dark cloud. The display dis-
appeared at 9.55 a. 111.
A'dvrm/ii-r 27, 1881 (f.om 10 a. m. to 10.05 ^' m.).— An auroral streamer was observed 3° 55' E, of N., about 5° in width,
reaching to the zenith; color, white. Appearing at 10 a. m. and disappearing at 10.05 a.m.
A'ovcmbct 28, 1881 (from 3.13 a. m. to 12.50 p. m.;. — A faint auroral light, about 5° in width, parallel to the horizon,
appeared at 3.13 a. 111., extentling from N. 16° E. to N. 18° E.; color, white. At intervals of time shooting up toward the
zenith columns of light to within 6° of zenith, gradually rising toward the north, when it reached a point 13° 3' E. disappeared
entirely, at 3.30 a. m. At 1 1.20 a. m. another one ajipeared. This was very bright. A portion of the arch extended from
the Pointers to Mars, passing in a N. and S. line about 8° west of zenith, about 13° wide, and disappeared after about a
minute. This display was followed by numerous streamers, shooting up from the SW. and disappearing rapidly. This con-
tinued for about seven minutes. The aurora reappeared in the form of an arch at 12 m., extending from N. 45= E. along the
zenith to N. 225° E.; was very bright, color being white. The arch was very much broken, being near the zenith about 5° in
widtli, whicii decreased in places to 2°. The part of another arch formed, extending nearly parallel to the eastern end of
the first, forming a junction with it near the zenith. At 12.35 P- '"• '' assumed the curtain formation nearly its entire length.
Vt 12.40 p. 111. the western end of the arch disappeared, while the streamers sprang up from the entire northeastern portion of
the sky, some of them rising to the zenith. At 12.50 p. m. the display ended. No magnetic disturbance.
Drcinlkr 5, 1881 (from 11.23 !'• "'• to 11.30 p. m.). — At 11.23 p. m. an auroral streamer, reaching from N. and E. to
the zenith and about 2° in width, was observed, disajipearing at 11.30 ]>. m.
Diicinhr If, 18S1 (from 1.55 p. m. to 6.40 p. m.). — An auroral arch, very bright, formed at 1.55 p. m., extending from
\. 5° E. to N. 220° ]'i., center of arch being aliout 15° above the horizon; curtain formation; color, nearly white. A few
streamers sliot up to the zenith from the SSW. At 2.15 p. m. another arch formed about 60° above the first, while the SW. sky
was filled with streamers extending nearly to the zenitii. At 2.25 p. m, a third arch formed. At times the other two and the
entire western sky seemed ablaze with auroral streamers. At 2.35 p. m. the brightest arch yet observed at this station passed
, r i ;lt
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THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY KXl'KDITION.
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from N. 225" I'"- through the zenith, to N. 22° E., tho western portion being composed of streamers of great brillianry, of an
intense white ligiit, extjuijing to t!ie magnetic north pole. At 2.50 p. ni. the anli liegan U> l.ule away, ami at j ji. m. it hail
broken up and disappeared, while a few streamers remained in the northern sky until 6.40 p. m., when they ail disappeared.
No magnetic disturbance.
Dici-mbir 14, 1881 (from 8.41; p. ni. to y p. m.). — \\ 8.45 \\. m. an aurora ai)peared in tiie form of a partially formed
arrh, extemling from N. 90" I'), to about 60° above the north hori/on ; of the curtain formation; color, white; disappearing
suddenly at 8.35 p. m. At y \>. m. a streak of light shot up from the hori/on about N. 45" 1'.. to a ilistance of 1 5°, disappearing
immediately.
Deamher 17, 1881 (from 8.54 p. m, to 11 p. m.). — An auroral streamer, first observed at 8.54 p. m., ajipearctl at 10° 1'.
of N., extending to the horizon 25° 1'',. of N., about 2° in width, at times in detached portions, entling at 11 p. m. During
the disjjlay a few faint streamers were observed in E. and NI'.. No magnetic disturbance.
December 19, 1881 (from 6 a, m. to 9 p. m.). — .V fine display of aurora. It extended like a pillar of fire from horizon to
horizon, and, what is infretjuent, had at times a deci<ledly rosy tint, and again was of a pale green color. Aurora appeared at
6 a. m. in the form of au arch extending from N. 45 E.toN. 315° E.; center of arch about 10° above the horizon and consisted
of streamers extending towards the horizon ; color white, and disappearing at 6.30 a. m. At 7 a. ni. numerous auroral streamers
a|)peared in the southwest and southeast, extending about 15" above the summit of the hills towards the zenith, disappearing
at 7.55 a. m. At 1.30 p. m. an auroral arch appeared, extending from horizon 80° 1'".. of N. to horizon W. of N. 30°; center of
arch about 15° above northern horizon towards the zenith and about 5° in width, very intense white color, with a slight shade
of green near the eastern portion of the arch. From the top of the arch numerous narrow streamers observed, extending to
within 45° of the zenith. At 1.50 p. m. arch began breaking up by assuming an irregular form as though blown about by
disturbed currents of air, moving towards the west and remaining there in the form of streamers about 20" in width. At 2.15
p. m. a new arch formed, extending from N. to W. of 90° N., with several streamers extending up towards the zenith. In the
first arch a roseate tint was observed near the northeastern portion of the arch. At 2.30 p. m. the northern end of the arch
entirely disappeared, and the rest of it slowly fading towards the western portion of the arch, where a few faint streamers were
visible, reaching about 45° above the horizon, disappearing at 2.35 p. m. At 7 p. m. a very fiiint streamer was observed in the
northwest. At 9 p. ni. a faint streamer was observed in the southeast. During the day between 11.23 '^"'1 ii'-(> a. ni. two
auroral streamers of light were observed by Lieutenant Kislingbury from Dutch Island, about 2 miles distant from station.
It was of the fan formation and was narrower at the base than at the top. At 11.55 ^- "i- three streamers of white light
-vere observed by Lieutenant Greely in the W. and NW., extending from 40° to 60° above summit of surrounding hills. Dis-
appearing at 1 2.05 p. m.
December 20, 1881 (from 12.01 a. m. to 2.20 a. m.). — At 12.01 a.m. a faint streamer was observed 25° E. of N., of a white
color, reaching to the zenith, lasting until 2.20 a. m. ; also occasional famt patclies of white light near the zenith observed.
yanuary 10, 1882 (from 6.50 p. m. to 8.40 p. m.). — Color white and quite bright. At 8 p. m. the arch became com-
plete and moving farther to the south, and this portion appeared as if it were supported by two upright pillars reachiiig about
30" above the horizon, the intervening space looking as though it was carried to and fro by the wind. At 8.12 p. m. it was
fading away, entirely disappearing at 8.25 p. m. But another of less brilliancy formed, extending from N. 100° ]•".. to N.
225° E., disappearing at 8.40 p.m.
yanuary 1 1, 1882 (from 9. p. m. to 9,15 p. m.).— At 9 p. m. an aurora was observed. It appeared in form of streamers,
shooting about 20° above the horizon. They extended from N. 300" E. to N. 185=^^ E. Color white, but not briglU. Disap-
peared at 9.15 p.m.
yanuary 19, 1882 (i.om 7.35 a. m. to 10.30 a. m.). — An auroral arch observed at 7.35 a. m. Magnetic prime vertical and
passing through Castor and Pollux, 1° west of Polaris, and through Altair. Strong magnetic disturbance, the magnet swinging
off the scale. The aurora disappeared at 8.30 a. m. Another brilliant arch shot through the zenith from west to south,
disappearing in a few moments.
yanuary 21, 1882 (from 12.05 a. m. to 9.40 p. m.). — An aurora of curtain formation appeared at 12.05 a. in., 260" W. of
N., altitude 20°; color, v.hite. The arch, gradually rising, attained by 12.20 a. m. an elevation of about 30°. Its posi''on
remained unchanged, although i)art of the arch, especially toward the north, alternately faded and reappeareil until 1 2.40 a.
m., when three flames shot up from 200° to 240° E. of N.; altitude from 20° to 30°. At i a. m. the arch had faded, but
irregular patches about 5° wide and of 15° altitude remained, extending about 200° E. of N. At 1.05 a. m. the jjatches
assumed the shape of a fan and began to fode, and almost entirely disappeared. At 1.40 a. m. the arch was again formed,
accompanied with two very bright streamers from 250° E. of N, At 2 a. m., after r.ssuming several different forms, the streamers
disappeared. At 2.40 a. m. the arch became faint, and at 2.50 a.m. entirely disappeared.
Heavy magnetic disturbances during entire display, the magnet swinging off scale. At 3.05 a. in. an auroral streamer
shot up from the horizon in the NE. ; a few moments later the beam dispersed into patches; afterwards, about 3.20 a. m.
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TlIK LADY FRANKLIN IIAV KXPHlJlTlON.
forming an anil of the curtain forniation. At 3.25 a.m. it entirely disappcareil ; color, white. At 5.451). m. ,1 .ery faint
streamer \va^ ohNcrveil from tiic SI',., ami in a few moments extentling over nearly half of the hori/on. At 5.50 |i. in. ii moved
slowly frcim the \V. to SK., Init retiirniny lirighter al the north. During the first part of the display a very slight magnetic
distiiriiance was olisurvcd, lasting hut a few moments. At 9.05 p.m. another aurora w.as noticed 90" K. of N., reaching the
zenith in a direi t line, then moving toward the north, reaching the horizon about 15° W. of N., and disappearing at 9.401). m.
[Extract fnim Lieutenant (jrcvly'i juurnol.J
Most licnulirul aiimra, witli intense light at time*, being »uHiciently lirighl to cnM my »ha(!i)w on «now. Sergeant Uiie, the |iliiilii|.;ra|ilicr, cximseil
n lensitlve plate towanl the aurora without ell'ecl, tuil the constantly changing )ioiiilion of tlie aurora may have l)een the cause.
'ydiiitiin 22, iS,S2 (from 4 p. m. to 5.30 p. m.). — Auroral streamer was observed at 4 p. in. from the e.ast, extending towards
the noidi, and forming an an h at 4.10 p. m., disappearing at 4.22 p. m. At 5 !'• ">• auroral pat< hes of light appeared from
N. to 45° W. of N., disappearing at 5.30 p. m. No magnetic disturbance.
ya/iudty 23, 1&82 (9.50 p. in.).— Two auroral flashes, elevation about 45", one NW. and the other S\V. No magnetic
disturbance.
Ffhtiiary 1,1882 (from 12.40 a.m. to 1.05 a. m.).— At 12.40 a.m. an auror.-il arch, about 2° in width, white in color,
appeared, extending fm.n horizon 180° K. of N. ; center of arch reaching to within about 10" of zenith, dis.ippearing at 1.05
a. 111. No magnetic disturbance observed,
fibniary 11, 1882 (from 4.30 p. m. to 4.40 p. m.). — At 4.30 p. m. an aurora (piite faint, and white in color, appeared in
the form of an arch extending from N. 215° K., to N. 45° K. ; center of arch sending up faint streamers of while light, about
10° ill length. Display ended at 4.40 p. m.
Juhniiuy 15, 1882 (fnim 7.03 p. m. to 1 1.35 p. m.)- — At 7.03 p. m. an auroral arch was observed reaching from horizon
40" K. of N. to horizon 45° \V. of N., center of ar( h passing through I'olaris, about 2° in width, very bright at its eastern end,
and a faint yellow color \ isible. It began fading away at its western end at 7.10 p. ni., entirely disappearing at 7.17 p. m.
At 11.35 p. m. Lieutenant Greely observed in NK. faint aun)ral streamers, disappearing immediately afterwards.
Filruiirx 17, 18S2 (from 9.29 ji. m. to 9.38 p. m.). — An aurora, consisting of faint, hiininoiis streamers, was observed at
9.29 p. in., extending from horizon 75° K. of N. to 135° K. of N., varying in heigiit from 29° to 45°, disappearing at 9.38 p. m.
Fi/'nitiry 19, 1882 (fn)m 10 p. m. to 10.18 p. m.). — At 10 p. m. a taint aurora was observed in the NW., like a diftused
light, jiartly resembling twilight, while in the SI'",, a faint streamer, about 20° in length and 2° in width, was observed, extending
15' above iiorizon. At 10 p. ;n. a streamer rose from the north and reached from the horizon to about 165° E. of the zenith,
when it slowly fixded away, disaiipearing at 10.18 p. ni,
Fihniaiy 20, 1882 (from 8.16 p. m. to 8.30 p. m.). — A faint aunira, visible thn)ugh the haze, in form of an arch, at 8.16
p. ni., extending from horizon 168° E. of N. to horizon 12° \V. of N., center of arch passing through the zenith, disappearing
at 8.30 ]). m.
Fil'niaiy 21, 1882 (1 a. in.). — At i a. m. a faint auroral streamer observed in the NE., of only a few minutes duration.
Fibnuiiy 23. 1882 (from 12.03 ''^- '"• '^ 12.18 a. m.). — At 12.03 ^- '"• three auroral streamers were observed, one due N.,
one 175° E. of N., and one about 190° E. of N., the first one disappearing at 12.07, the second at 12,12, and the last one at
12.18 a. m.
Oiti'hcr 2, 1882. — Aurora observed at 10.30 p. m,, lasting until 3.30 a, m. October 3.
October 3, 1882. — Aurora of October 2 ended at 3.30 a. m. to-day. Aurora observed from 10 p. m. to 12.30 a. m.
October 4.
Oitobi-r \. — Aurora of October 3 ended at 12.30 a. m. to-day.
C'lVcAv 6, 1882 (from 9.03 p. m. to 12 midnight). — An auroral a-ch, 2° in width, extending from • • • N. • • • pass-
ing directly underneath the north star and reaching to within 15° of horizon N. 340° E., was observed at 9.03 p. m. Numerous
streamers were observed, extending • • • frQi^ ;i point directly underneath the north star, about 2° in width and 20° in
lengtli. 'I'he arcli broke up at 9.40 p. m., and streamers afterward observed extending downward from the zenith. Small
streamers observed in the SW. ; color of the aurora white. At 11.15 !'• '"• o"'y streamers in the SVV., irregular in outline, at
times reaching to the zenith, which continued until 12 midnight.
Oitobi-r 7, 1882 (from 1.20 a. 111. to 9.13 p. m.). — At 1.20 a. m. the aurora formed an arch extending along the magnetic
meridian, color white, but (juite fliint, disappearing at 1.30 a. m. At 9.10 p. m. a faint streamer appeared 45° E. of N., about
20° above the Iiorizon and io° in length, lasting but three minutes; color white.
* * * Indicate letter-press copy was illegible. — A. W. Greely, Lieutenant.
THE LADY FItANKLIN HAY KXI'KDITIOX.
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Oitohcr 9, i88j (from 10.2^ p. m. to 1 1 p. m.). — At 10.2}, p. m. nn aurora ai)pearf<l In ilio north, (xcasinnally in tlu- form
of a beam, shoolin>{ up to tlic licinht of 15" above the hori/on, disappeared at 1 1 p. ni.
Octobtr 10, 1S.H2 (from i.ifi a. m. to i.^o a. m.). — I'hree auroral streamers were observed at i.io a. m. starting fron\ the
horizon about N. uo" K. One of tlieni shortly afterwards extended into an arch tu within ■\^'' ui the /eniiii, tulor white,
disappeared at 1,30 a. m.
Ottober 17, I1S.S2 (from 10.30 p. m. to 11.50 p. mi.). — An aurora oljserved at 10. jo p. m.; extending from 15" al)ovi' ihe
hori/on at N. 180° l'„ to 45° above at .\. 285° K., in form of an undulating wave of white liglit, about 5" in w idth, disajjpearini.
at 1 1.50 ]), m.
Octohir 23, 1882 (from 3.07 a. m. to 10.40 ]>. m.). — A faint auroral arch, extending from the zenith to within i^" of \,
217 K. horizon, visible from 3.07 a. m. to 3.18 a. m. \n aurora apjuared at 10.23 p- '"•> '" the shape of nebid.ir ( louds; not
well defined; location about 345° 1'",. of N. and about 15° above horizon, disappeared at 10.40 p. m,
October 24, 1882 (from 6.03 p. m. to 7.50 p. m.) — At 6.03 p. m. faint auroral streamer observeil about jo" abo\e the hori-
zon at a point about 40° K. of N.; also streamers about 35° W. of N. and about 20° above the horizon, at times f(jrming an
arch, lasting but a few minutes at a time, and breaking uj) into small streamers, ending at 7.50 p. m.
Nm'tmbfr 2, 1882 (from 8.30 jj, m. to 9.55 p. m.) — An auroral arch, extending through the zcn-th to N. 135° K., with
occasional streamers shooting up from the N. about 45° F. At 9.35 p. m. all disappeared exce[)t a single streamer. At 9.39
p. n». very bright streamers, reaching to within 35° of the zenith, (lisap|>earing at 9.55 p. m. Magnetic disturbances observed.
Ni>x<ember 4, 1882 (from 8 ]). m. to 8.40 p. m.). — \ faint auroral arch api)eared at 8 p. m., extending from N. to N. 90° K.,
risin{; about 20° from horizon ; color, pale yellow; disappeared at 9.30 p. m., except a luminous a])pearance along the horizon,
which disappeared at 8.40 p. m.
November 6, 1882 (from 3 a. m. to 4.15 a. m.). — At 3 a. ni. bright auroral arch of white light from N. to 55° K. horizon to
N. 95"" K. horizon, passing near constellation Leo Minor. At 2.15 a. m. the position was unchanged, but the arch was (on-
siderablv l.iinter, especially in the S. and SF. It disappeared at 3.22 a. m., but reapi)eared in the same jiosition at 3.50 a. m.;
also faint arch through zenith in two E. and W. lines to within 20° of either horizon at 3.55 a. ni. Aurora ended at 4.15 a. m.
Nin'ember 7, 1882 (from 5.07 p. m. to 7.32 p. m.). — At 5.07 p. m. a faint auroral streamer appeared about 45° K. of N.,
extending upward from the horizon about 20°. At 5.16 p. m. another streamer was observed about 45° W. of N., and a faint
luminous light observed between these two points, along and above the horizon. At 5.30 p. m. it formed into an arch, reaching
from 45° K. of N. to 45° W. of N. and about 20° above the horizon ; at its center, width, 3°; color, white. A beautiful aurora,
though of short duration, of the peculiarly clear white which was so prevalent last winter. The streamers had a whorling motion —
that is to say, they presented the ai)pearance of an endless screw, which, while moving upwards, also revolved on its axis. At
each end of the arch bright, luminous streamers were observed about 20° in height. At 5.40 p. m. streamers at the eastern
end of the arch disappeared, and the base of the arch moved to 90° K. of N., the arch at the same time widening and assuming
the curtain formation; the streamers at its western extremity curling, with a waving motion, to the zenith. At 5.50 p. m. the
streamers disappeared and the center of the arch slowly sank towards the zenith, passing it at 6.15 p. m., when its western end
almost faded away, and the eastern end increased in brightness and width ; at times being nearly 20° in width at diflferent
points between the eastern horizon and zenith. At 6.30 p. m. the arch had disappeared, but faint streamers remained in the
east. Aurora disappeared at 7.32 p. m.
November^, 1882 (from 10.06 p. m. to 10.20 p. m.). — At 10.06 p. m. a faint auroral light appeared above the horizon,
between pomts 60° E. of N. and 90° E. of W., disappearing at 10.20 p. m.
N^member 10, 1882 (from 10.08 p. m. to 12.25 ^' '"•> nth). — Between 10.08 and 10,15 P- m- auroras appeared in \\-.c form
of two arches from horizon • • • within 20° of the horizon 180° E. of N., passing through the zenith, about 2° in width;
• • • disappeared at io.i'5 p. m. and reappeared before 11 p. m., and continued till 12.25 ^' "'•> November 1 1.
November 11, 1882 (from 12 midnight to 9.35 p. m.). — Aurora of yesterday disai)i)eared at 12.25 ^- "'• to day.
At 2.30 a. ni. auroral arch extending through zenith from W. to S\V. horizon
a second, fainter arch in the
magnetic meridian was observed. At 3.15 a. m. faint auroral light visible, but disappeared at 3.45 a. m. At 6.50 p. m. an
aurora was observed, composed of streamers and cloud-like formation in all parts of the sky between jjoints 135° E. of X. and
15° W. of N. In the N. the aurora was the brightest, and at times assumed the curtain formation; disappeared, all but faint
beams along the NE. horizon at 7.45 p. m.; color white. It was all gone at 8.40 p. m. Considerable magnetic disturbance
noted. At 9.35 p. m. a faint streamer observed 200° E. of N. and about 20° in length.
November 13, 1882 (from 8.20 p. m. to 8.50 p. m.). — A faint auroral arch appeared at 8.20 p. m. and extended from the
eastern horizon to the southern horizon, rising to a height of 25° above the horizon at the highest point of arch ; color white;
disappeared at 8.50 p. m.
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* * * Indicate letter-press copy was illegible.— A. W, Greely, Lieutenant.
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392
THE LADY FllANKLIIf BAY EXPEDITI05T.
Nmrmber 14, 1882 (from 9.30 a. m. lo 10.05 ^' "■"•)• — -^^ 9'3o ^' '"• '^" auroral arcli appeared, extending from N. 45° E.
to N. 316° E., the center of arch about 10° above the horizon. The colors blue, yellow, and red were observed, the yellow
color being very intense. 'J'his continued about two minutes, after which a very bright yellow streamer shot up from N. 315'^
E. to a height of about 20°. From this time onward the arch appeared and disapjieared frecjuently until 9.45 a. m., when it
disappeared. A few streamers appeared occasionally until 10.05 a. m. when the display ended. 'I'here was a decided niag-
nc. c disturbance during the morning.
[Kxtrat from jmiriial i)f Lieut A. \V. (Ireely.]
Xon-mlh-i- 14, 18S2. — An aurora for a short time this morning, from 9.30 to 10.05 a. m. Tt sliowcil to one observer vivid blue and red colors,
find to a second a lirijjht yellow shade. At one time a patch of blue, red, and yellow like a mock sun, appeared for a r;w seconds. Occasionally I
saw light blue and saffron-yellow tints. I mention these colors, as usually the aurora here is of a mild yellowish-while, .'hat of last evening (Novem-
ber 13) was colorli... ■. The magnet h.as been very unsteady since ycstoiday, showing the most marked disturbance last night nine minutes after the
display ceased. It seems to be the experience here that the magnet is undisturbed during the prevalence of colorkss auroras, but shows marked dis-
turbance during the vivid displays of color, and sudden, violent changes of form.
NovemhiV 15, 1882 (from 5 a. m. to 12.30 a. m., Novi'm/vr 16). — At 5 a. m. faint auroral arch 7° in width was observed
extending from 1'",. horizon through I.eo C'leminorum to northern ])art of 1,. 20°; also faint streamer from NW. horizon to 15°
altitude about 10° E. of Saturn ; color of arch white ; streamer occa.sionally showing red a-ul yellow. At 5.20 a. m. the arch
was irregular and broken, shifting gradually north and passing through the zenith. It was somewhat brighter at 5.10 a. m.;
streamers sliowiiig up along the horizon I'rom NW. to N. with considerable auroral light in all parts of the sky. At 5.35 a. m.
two auroral curtains were observed, one extending from N. 75° K. horizon, attaining its maxim\m altitude 10°, about 50° W.
of the meridian. There was also considerable light in S. and SE^, jiardy obscured by basin hills. The liglit quite intense,
and was occasionally as bright as a star of first or second magnitude ; color white in some parts near horizon, occasional red.
At 5.40 a. m. aurora quite faint except in NE. At 5.50 a. m. aurora jjresents aI)out same appearance as at 5.20 a. m., with
the adilition of a slight curtain formation in NW. and Sf^. At 6 a, m. the auroral light above Hall Uasin was quite intense,
and at 6.25 a. m. faint streamers shooting u]) from all points of the horizon. At 6.35 a. m. arch quite bright was observed
extending from X. 9-" E. to NE. 315° E., jjassing about 10° N. of zenith. At 6.45 a. m. the arch was very briglit, especially
at the zenith, where it was about 20° in width and of intense white. The streamers had all disappeared. At 7 a. m. the whole
nortlicrn sky was rilled with streamers, extending about 15° beyond the zenith, where it was very bright, accompanied by a
moving motion reaching towards the horizon. At 7.15 a. m. the streamers disappeared and a curtain formed, rea( hing from
N. 3° !'".. of zenith. At 7.30 a. m. streamers being principally in the S. and W. horizon. At 8.17 a. m. there were only a few
.i,.;gular streamers, and at 8.20 a. m. the streamers began to fade, and entirely disa[)peared at 8.28 a. m.
[Extract from journal of l.ieut. A. W. (Ireely.]
A'oTfuilvr 15, |SS2. — Sergeant Israel ciUod me at 5 a. m. to obser\'e an aurora which had been very brilliant. It was at first of the curtain forma,
lion and covered the entire hori/.on. The curtains were later accompanied by many streamers which ran to the zenith. It continued with brilliant liut
varying splendor until after 8 a. m. It would be utterly impossible for any one to describe its graceful and beautiful outlines or enumerate their pecul-
iarities, so intricate were the form and rapid the changes. The curtain, in folds, shifting from point t* point at limes suddenly faded, showing but a
pencil line of light which resenililcd threads of li(|uid fire. The streamers repeatedly changed from the most intricate garlands to the most elaborate
convoluted network ; then came gleaming lances perhaps to suditenly change into lace formations, and then return as shining spears which would sud-
denlv spring iiji and form into arches. The light as observed by me for an hour or more was colorless. The temperature is down to — jo° [ — 34.4° C'.]
again.
At 4.25 \>. m. a faint aurora was observed from N. 33° E. gradually brightening. • * • It later assumed the curtain forma-
tion, and extended from N. 35 iZ. to • * • at 5.12 p. m. • • * At 6.30 p. m. the liglit \.'as faint in north, and at 8 ]). m. con-
tinued (piite faint in N. At 10 p. m. a icw feeble streamers around the horizon shov.ed very faintly to the N. and NW. The
aurora disappeared at about 12.30 a. m. November 16.
[Extract from journal of Lieut. A. W. dreely.]
A\;:'i'»ilh-r 16, 18S2. — \x\ auroral display which rctnained continuous during the greater part of the day. It first appeared in dim patches, in the
northwest about 15° above the hori/.im, which gra<lually brightened and took the shape of a regular cone, which lasted fo five minutes or more, while
from its sharply, well defmeil summit ascemleil luminous auroral clouds with a whorling or curling motion. These clouds emanated apparently froni
the summit of the cone, in the form of sharply defined s|)asnu)dic |)utTs, such as are seen at times issuing from the fim',ke-ctac!. "f a locomotive. The
cloi'ds thus thrown out immedi.ately diffused ,ind disappeared without assuming any marked fornurtion.
* * * Indicate letter-press copy was illegible. — A. W. Greely, Lie'jtenant.
1
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THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
[Extract from the journal of I'rivate C. H. Henry, of November i6, iSSi.]
393
1 happened yesterday, while at work outdoors, to look toward liellot Island, and saw a small, dim auroral liylit appear from alioiit >;. 2('hj ' !•;,, which
gradually became brighter and shot up to an altitude of about 20°. The best idea 1 could give of its formation or movcnicnl is ahoul like the sniok ;
ascending and curling up from the crater of a volcano, being discharged in pull's and lloating away in a luminous mass.
[Extract from the journal of Sergeant H. I'. Ralston, November id, 1882.]
« **********
A magnetic storm fvidently racing, as the needle is cm the jump all the time; five niiiiule readings are being kept up, and the sky is almost con
stantly filled with aurora.
[KNtract from the journal of Sergeant 1). I.. Ibainard, November Id, 1882.]
* **********
The .sky v.'as fdled with auroras during the greater part of the day. The observers also speak of several displays wliicli occurred last night, .some
of which were of remarkable beauty and intensity of coloiing. .v well-marked magnetic disturliance was also experienced.
The only display witnessed by me was between 10 and 1 1 o'clock this morning. A bright streamer sprang from the southern hori/on. gradually
approaclung the zenith with a laboreil movement, closely resemliling the spasmodic indlb of smoke rising from a working locomotive. Remaining in
this jiosition a short time, it was gradually dissip,tted and slowly disappeared.
It had scarcely faded from view before another streamer darted w ith great rapidity from the northern .sky, and passing through the /enilh roai lied
the southern hori/on, where it remained for several minutes, glowing w ith an intense brilliancy, w liich perceptibly enhanced die f'.eble light furnished
us by the rapidly departing sun. That portion of the streamer 10° above the northern hori/on had a.ssumed a most peculiar formation, that of a
spherical coil, and was twisted into the most inconceivable shapes. It di.sappeaied about half an hour after the lirst hi' ' made its appearance.
An aurora ajiiieared at 9 a. in., November 16, in the NK... e.xtc.iling from tlio zenith to the hori/on * * * At 9 40 a. ni.
another arch fornieti, extending from N. to 35° E. of N., the center of the ardi about 40" al)o\c huri/on. An arc h north
and south from liorizon to horizon, juissiiig tl^rougli the zonith was observed. At 1 1.20 the arc h (iisapiieared. all but faint
streamers in the N\V, The arc!; reapfieared repeatedly, breaking iii^ and reforming again, until 2 p. m. * ♦ • At 2.15 p. m.
streamers were seen in N. and SW. At 3 p. ni. an arch formed from points N. 1 15° F.. to N. 215" K., and 15° in htii;lit at
its center. At 3 ]>. m. an arch from N. 10° K. [o N. 255° V.., center about 15° above h(iri/iin * • * At 1.20 p. m. streamers
in the SK. were observed, and an auroral light in the W. • • • At 5.1c ]). m. curtains were seen in ilie S. * * • At 7 p. in.
a very bright arch formed, extending from N. 100° 1'',. to N. * K., with tlie center about Go" aliove the hori/on. it w.is \ery
bright and accom])aiiied by a saving motion, moving from W. to I"',. At 7.15 p. ni. the arch entirely <lisappeare<l, but faint
streamerj remained in difTerent parts of the horizon. At 10 p. m. tlie aurora sliowed very faintly in .lie W. .\t 12 niidni);ht
an arch appeared, extending from N. 10° E. to N. 120° E., jiassing tlnough the zenith, and \ery lirij^lii. .\t the same time
streamers appeared in the SW. Tiie magnetic disturbance (hiring the ihiy was great.
Novetnbcr 17, 1882 (from i a. ni.) — At i a. in. two auroral arciies were observed, one extending from the western liori/on
to the northern horizon • ♦ • The secontl arch started from the liori/on towards the northeast at about the s.une height. .\i
the same time several beams or columns were observed in the east, extending from the liori/on tipw.ird to a height of 15°.
Color of the aurora white or pale yellow. At 2 a. in. tlie eastern sky was illuminated by an autv - il i loud id' brilliant ■ 'lite.
The cloud soon disappeared and gave [ilace to several beams of various length from >," !o 20° in height. At 3 a. in. an 'is
tinct arch was observed extemling from 20° IC. of N. to 160° 1'",. of N, At 4 a. in. a broad undulating line extended from N W.
to SE. and passing through the zenith. There were also at this time :nany small ctirves of auroral < louds in shape like a horse's
shoe. They were ar/anged on either side of the undulating line and had their concave sides tdward the SlO. .At 5 a. in. the
aurora was still visible, being at this time composed of several blotches of clouds in different parts (if the heavens, but w ere imi
particularly bright or noticeable. At 5.15 a. m. the whole sky was suddenly covered with waves, rings, and lights of intense
brilliancy ; all was in such (piick and constant motion that it was iini)ossii)le to give more than a general des(ri|)tiiin id" il. In
an instant the characteristic of forms were very noticeable and well marked. At 5.20 p. m. there was furm 1 near the N 1'..
horizon a mass of 8 concentric curves of 1 5° to 20' radius. Tiie ends of the curves directed towards the .SW. and w ere tinned
backwards, forming a double curve much in shape like the letter S. The minor curves (|uiekly disappeared :ind (|tii( kly reap-
peareil, or were rejjlaced by others evenly formed on the outside. This formation lasted about two minutes, leaving in (|uirk,
waving motion to the southward. There was also at this time a broad irregular line of about 5" widtii extending ftom a jioint
90° I*', of N. This also was in waving motion toward the SE.
Color; The colors of this remarkable aurora were the most marked characteristic of it. The lower part or edge was
colored red, which at times varied to pink and violet. The centtr was colored white or pale yellow and sdinetimes a cream
color, the upper or highest portion being a light green. The atmosphere also partook of these colors, but imu h fainter, and
varied considerably.
* * * Indicate letter-press copy was in-gible. — A. W. tireely, Lieutenant.
\ J-l
■^ :ill
lyk
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THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
The light was of dazzling b-illiancy, so much so as to cause momentary blindness when coming from a dark room. Objects
in the landscape were as ])Iainly visible as when in the light of the full moon.
Sound: No sound which could be attributed to the aurora was heard, although careful observations were made to deter-
mine this point.
From 5.05 to 5.20 J), ni. the sky was almost entirely covered with aurora. Afte' 5.30 p. m. it commenced tc disappear.
J'oniis: The general formation of the display was that of [silk], hanging in loose flowing folds. This formation predom-
inated, although all forms, such as beams, arches, &c., were represented.
Direction: The prevailing direction was toward the south rather than toward the north.
Ilcii^ht: A marked cliaracteristic was the height the display reached. Above the south • • • No time at a greater
elevation than that of * * * observed in these latitudes. It often [appeared] much lower, and so apparently almost touched
the earth. At 5.25 p. m. bright streamers shot up from N. 15° E.; color, white; altitude about 40" above the horizon. At 6
p. m. arches ai)peared, passing from N. to .S., and disappearing at 6.25 p. ni. An arch appeared again in same place with
streamers shooting from the north, arches appearing and disappearing, at intervals of a few mom.ents, until 6.35 p. m., when
the arches disappeared, leaving only a few faint streamers in the N. At 6.45 p. ni. all had disappeared. The aurora
reappeared at 8 p. m., and bright streamers were observed shooting up in the NE,, with an arch whicli extended from N. 20° E.
to 120° K. of N., and about 15° above horizon. At 8.35 p. u'!. several arches formed, extending from N. and S., and passing
through the zenith ; tlie eastern sky seemed all afire, while to the northward it appeared a greenish white color. At 8.45 p. m.
it was much fainter. At 9 p. m. streamers appeared, extending downward fiom the zenith, radiating from the star "Polaris,"
the streamers reaching to the horizon. At 9,10 p. m. the display disappeared, leaving only a few streamers in the NE. There
was a strong magnetic disturbance, and observations rT the magnetometer were continued at five-minute intervals all day.
At 5.30 a. ni a bright red light appeared in ihc NE. [it extended] up to a height of 45°. This color remained with a
varying brillian :y until 6.05 a. m., when it disappeared. The main portion of the aurora disappeared at 5.30 a. m., L Jt portions
remained visible until 6.40 a. m., when all had disappeared. The last portion was of a thin cloud, extending along the horizon
from NW. to SW., through which the clouds were dimly visible. This remarkable aurora was observed, by three or four
member; '^f the expedition, and also by the observer on duty at the time. The following report of the aurora is supplementary
to the foregoing account, and is by Sergeant Israel, who was one of the three who observed it:
Arrangement of colors : The finest display of colors was aflforded by the spc. is of light and streamers darting downward
from the auroral curtains. In these the colors were arranged in their spectroscopic order, and an observer, facing east, saw the
red, which, in most instances, was rather dull, on his right; violet on his left. The colors from green to violet were especially
clear and brilliant. They were the last to appear and the first to disappear; in no instance were they observed continuously for
more than three seconds.
In the cloud-like band referred to in the foregoing record, the higher colors, from green up, were confined to the edges of
the columns. They seemed to move around the columns in an ascending spiral, and were not as bright as in the curtains. It
was this part of the aurora that sank at 5.25 a. m. to an altitude of apparently not more than 100 feet [30"'!, although it is
impossible to judge of tiiis with accuracy. At 1 1 a. m. a bright streamer shot up from N. 15° E., and ascended spirally to the
zenith, and the NK. horizon was bathed in j)ale 'ed color. At 11.17a.m. streamers were observed in the NW. At 11.20
a. in. the display ended.
[Extract from j0urn.1l of Lieut. A. W. Greely.]
Xinvmlvr 17, 1 882. —Sergeant (lartliner called iiie at 5 a. m. to observe a very brilliant and remarkable aurora. He said that its greatest beauty
had vanished before I saw it. As seen by nie, however, it w.is a mo.st extraordinary dis|)Iay of the curtain formation, which covered the entire heavens
and was constantly changing, never (juioscent even a second. The very magnificence of the displ.ny forbid- any attempt at description. A very
marked .nagnetic disturbance a])peared at the same time, and I ordered five-minute readings to be t.iken until further orders. Lieutenant Lockwood
assisted in the work to-day. The live-minute readings were continued throughout the day. The range of the needle register was considerably over
19°. At 8.35 a. m., (Iiittingen mean time, the magnetic variation was but 92° 51 ' 6" W., being the lowest which has yet been made. The aurora
was visible over nine hours to-day.
[Extract from the journal of Private C. n. Henry, of November 17, 1882.]
The aurora of tliis morning w.as a very low one, and we arc, I think, the only party that ever couhl sa'' 'hat wc were in the midst of electric light.
In fact its alarming close jiroxim ;y ocared one of our members considerably. At 11 a. m. I noticed a i)right streamer from N. 10° E. and spirally
ascended to ?eni(li, and tlie northeastern hori/on w.as bathed in a pale red color.
* * * Indicates letter-press copy was illegible. — .\. W. Grcly, Lieutenant.
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THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
395
The aurora which occurred this morning was undoubtedly an exhibition that never will be forKoUen by the members of the expedition. From
I a. m until 9.10 p.m. (with intervals) the glorious sp'ictacle was almost constantly before our bewildered eyes. Tlie most remarkalik- and brilliant
disi)lay occurred between 5 and 6 a. m., and 1 will alone confine myself to the events of that sliort hour, as llie otiiers would lie only adscititiuus.
When the o'.iserver stepped outdoors at 5 a. m. nothing but a few lilotches and patches of irregular and colorless lit;lit was visible, Iml upon completing
his magnetical observations, fifteen minutes jiast the 'lour, and upon suddenly coming from the dark observatory, the dazzling light that suddenly nut
his eyes beggars descrijition, and produced momentary blindness. The wliole heavens were covered with one vast mass (jf brilliant light of intense
brightness.
His rapid entrance into "ur quarters, and calling out for others to witness the spectacle, caused a/' to arise and rush outdcirs.
The display had sufficient attraction for the most of us to hold us spellbound for more than l.,enty minutes in a temperature of 66° liclow the
freezing-point. The aurora defies description; it is indescribable by words, and not to be pictur'<l liy painters' skill. Notlnng can convey a con
ccption of the richness and vividness of its colors and infinite variety of tints.
Arches with every shade of red, from the palest pink to crimson, and every shade of yellow, from brilliant orange to delicate primrose, now
dazzling and resplendent, now gently glowing in humbler effusion, and .suddenly shooting thousands of narrow radiant streaks an<l bars nf light in a
semicircle toward the zenith. .Streamers of every shade of green, from the softest apple or pea to the dark invisil)le green of the hendock i)ines,
harmoniously blend the lonely tints of lilac and purjile with the celestial blue of the canopy, and shining here for an instant and then pl.ayfully skip
to another portion of the sky.
In the north we saw annular circles, with multitudinous streaks and spots of every gradation of hue and of but momentary tran:iitions, which
defy descriptions; while in the northeast eight concentric curves of 15° to 20° radius, with their ends turned backward, tssumed the form much like
the letter "s". The inner curves, ipiickly disappearing and reappearing, or being replaced by others formed on the outside, presented to the eye the
ever shifting variations of the kaleidoscope. The whole displiiy now and then united in a luminous half-transparent curtain, rolling (puveringly from
horizon to zenith, curling and expanding, rising and falling like the waves of an angry ocean, ami suddenly .steadying dow n again to the pre<lomiiiating
characteristic formation of the loose flowing folds of a curtain, and veiling for the time the stars.
The light emitted during the most intense brightness was fully e(|ual to that of a full moon, and -ntirely eclipsed all but st.ats of the first magni
tude. Objects in the landscape were plainly vis; ble and abundant. The heifjht which the display mail tained aliove the earth v.as at no lime at a
greater elevation than that of cumulus clouds, and apparently almost touched the ground, but no noise of any kind "'as audible. » » *
L^ . ^.t from the journal of Serge.-int G. W. Rice, November 17, 1SS2.]
***********
To-day, however, was witnessed the most remarkable display of the aurora phenomenon that has yet been observed by any of the party, flardincr
was on duty as an observer, and at 5.15 a. m. rushed in and aw.akened all hands to see a grand sight. Tlie magnificent spectacle is nmv llie only to|iic
for convers \tion, and, although I can get full accounts of it, I cannot say that I saw it myself. The journals, liolli official and private, have pages
covered with descriptions more or le."s glnv, ing. I can only note that from all accounts it must have been a grand spectacle. The wliole heavens
appear to have been occupied by it. The general formation was curtain, hanging in heavy folds, but at times it assumed all shapes, rapidly changing
into beams, arches, &c. The colors were remarkably brilliant and vivid. At the base red, pink, and violet, rapidly changing and interchanging. In
the center the colors wer; lighter, pale yellow or straw color, and white. The light of illumination was ecpial to that of the full moon. The surrounding
landscape could be plainly made out, and stars of the second magnitude were eclipsed. Coming out of the dark ipiarters, all who observed it felt at
first blinded ; and the curtain at one time appeared so near above their heads that CSardiner and Israel speak of having unconsciou.sly dodged to avoid
it. Israel, who is a very close and intelligent observer, thinks that at times the aurora could not have been more than 100 feet from the earth.
During the display the magnetometer was violently disturbed, and so indeed it was during the wliole day.
The display, in its greatest magnificence, soon passed away, but less remarkable displays were seen all day, and some of them which 1 mysjlf
saw were very beautiful.
[Extract from the journal of Sergeant VV. S. Jewell, November 17, 1882.]
***********
Still auroras. This morning the finest display, with but one exception, I ever saw, and that was when returning hmne in the Ciiliiaiv, in 1S80.
Gardiner, who was on duty at the time, called us up, and it was well worth the trouble. Israel went to tlie magnetic observaloiy and found the magnet
very much disturbed in conseiiuence. We began five-minute readings which continued through the day, Ileniy and Connell doing the meteorological work.
[Extrait from the journ.il of Sergeant D. C. Ralston, November 17. 1SS2.]
***********
A mr.gnificent auroral display early a. m. Everybody up to witness it. The entire heavens covered with all kinds of formations, and movements
in its change of formations so rapid that the eye could not follow them. It appeared so low down at times t.iat 1 raised my hand instinrlively expecting
to haihe it in the light. The sky was entirely free from clouds, and the light of second-magnitude star; was eclipsed. The -.nagnutic needle was
violently agitated, and five-minute readings of the needle continue. The aurora visible all daylong. Objects during the linest disjilay were as plainly
visible as by the light of the full moon.
The finest display was about 5 a. in. Lieutenant Lockwood assisted us .t the magnetic observatory.
No description tliat 1 can give wouM convey an idea of its grandeur.
[Extract from the journal of Sergeant H. S. Gardiner, November 17, 1SS2.]
***********
Have been having an extraordinary disturbance of the magnetic needle for some hours past. This morning about 5 a. m., when coming out of
the magnetic observatory afler making my oljBervation, I was suddenly dazzled by the display of light which greeted my eyes as I emerged from the
i
ill
! Wm
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396
THE LADY FllAXKLlN BAY EXPEDITION.
darkness. Tlie transition was so great and so sudden that I think it must have been half a minute at least before I recovered myself sufiicicnlly to
think what had hnppencd. The whole heavens seemed one mass of colored llanies, arranged and disarranged and rearranged every instant. The
display was so close to the earth that we repeatedly put up our hands as though we would touch something by so doing. There v a:; one person who
was so much anVcte<I by the display at its grandest moments that he lowered his head and put up his hands as though to ward of" a blow. All hands
came from their beds to witness the displ.ty, and auroras have been our most common phenomena since darkness set in. Magnetic observations (extra)
were immediately commenced, and continue at Intervals of live minutes until the display shall end.
This display sustained its greatest grandeur for prob.ibly ten minutes, and then gradually grew less brilliant. It continued all <'.ay with occasional
vivid Hashes. I doubt not that this is the greatest exhibition of the aurora which has ever been witnessed. 1 have read descriptions of other great
auroras, b.it they would but partly suffice for th" display 1 have just recorded, and which I think it woulil be Impossible to descrbe .adequately.
[Kxtract from the journal of .Sergeant 1). I., liralnard, November 17, 1882.]
(ireat excitement prevailed <luring the whole day and a portion of last night, owing to the beautiful displays of aurora which we have ob.served.
Being aroused by an unusual commotion at 5.15 a. m.. In consequence of an aun.ral display of unusual appearance, I, in company with .several others,
rushed outside. l'"or a moment we were startled by the unparalleled magnilicence of the .scene spread out before us. The heavens appeared to be one
luminous mass of bia/ing light, which at times exhibiteil colors of pale blue, yellow, and white.
The aurora was of no delinite formation, but extended to all portions of the sky ; the arches, streamers, and patches blending harnionlou.sly together
so MS to form one huge sheet of tlaine, through occasional openings of which stars of the first magnitude might be seen shining dimly, the light of all
others b'Mng extinguished by the da/zling radiance of tills remarkable phenomena.
.At the zenith, and extending downward for }o° on all sides, the .sheet of light appeared without an opening, the edges being of great irregularity
and shooting imt slender pencils of radiant light. The movement in the mass .soon became general, and the rapidity with which it would shift its
]iosilion and as>.ume new forms and ph.ases w.as really startling to the observer. The gradually drifting changes which have generally characterized the
auroras witnessed at this place were wanting in this one. A .streamer would leap from the horizon, and passing through the zenith reach the opposite
hori/du with the quickness of tliought; then receding, it would appear to swoop downward almost to the earth, taking new forms as it advanced, coiling
and twisting in the most convulsive manner through the glorious canopy of the heavens, like a gigantic serpent. In the northern sky there gradually
apjieared an intense vermilion color, which expanded for 10° above the horizon, and remained for several minutes in this manner, its extreme brightness
suggestive to the mind of a great C(Uillagratlon.
A few minutes earlier than the time which 1 have rccoided Sergeant Cardiner witnessed a display of unusual grandeur, and of which the latter
Is but a slight modification. It was of unparalleled brilliancy, and Its light ecpial to the full moon. The prismatic colors were at one time discernible.
Sergeants Israel and l.iiin also saw it when It w.as ,it its zenith of splendor, and both speak of its near approach to the earth, and the rapidity of its
movements through the heavens.
November 18, 1882 (from 4.40 a. in. to 9,20 p. 111.). — An aurora app.eared at 4.40 a. m. in the shape of a white light. The
horizon between jioints ihrectly north and 135° W, of N. varying in width from 2° to 5°. An occasional streamer shot up,
with faint colors of red and blue at their base, disappearing at 5.23 a. m. It reappeared in form of an arch at 6.15 a. m. All
gone at 6.53 a. m. Aurora again fru.n noon to 3.55 p. 111. At 4.30 j). m. a beautiful aurora was observed, extending from N.
10° K, to N. 270° E.; elevation about 30° above the horizon. Numerous small tlames, curling like puffs of smoke in several
red, blue, and green colors, were outlined, were constantly shooting up and disappearing almost instantly. Irregular light
remained visible until 5.49 p. m , when all but one very bright streamer in N. 110° E. disappeared. At 6.15 p. m. all had dis-
appeared. At 8 p. m. an auroral streamer was observed from N. 170° !•'.., and gradually appeared toward the north until it
reached N. 50° E., then meeting another and forming an ai h of curtain formation, 'i'he display was of a few minutes dura-
tion onl\. Another arch formed at 8. 20 ]>. m., extending from N. to E. A slight glow was seen in the NE. At 8.25 p. m.
all but the glow had disai)peared. At 8.40 p. m, a faint arcli from direct north and extending to N. 115° E. was seen; the
center of the arch was about 60° in height. y\t 8.50 p. m. it had entirely disappeared. At 9 p m. another display began, and
ended at 9.20 ji. m.
[Extract from journal of I.ieulunant fireely.]
Xovduhcr 18, 1S82. -I'he magnetic dusturbancc still continues. Mve minute readings were made until 9 p. m. (W. M. T.), when the disturbance
apparently ceased, and they were discontinued. At 10.20 p. m. ((i. .\I. T.) on Niivember 17 the largest recorded magnetic variation was noted.
The needle then stood at 1 1 j° 19' 8" \V., a change of 20° 28' 2" since 8.55 a. m. of Novemlier lb. The aurora was observed freipiently during the
day.
.Wn'ember 19, 18S2. — Magnetic disturbance again occurred, and five minute readings were ke|)t \\\i from 5 p. m. Aurora appeare<l shortly after
the disturbance of the magnet commenced.
A\n\mher 20, 1882. -riveminule readings continued the greater part of the day owing to tlie recurring magnetic disturbance.
[lAtract from the journal of Sergeant I). I., liralnard, Xovember 18, 1882.]
Several auroral displays were observeil to-day, one of which I w.is fortunate enough to witness at 12.30 p. m. It consisted of a complete arch
extending from linrlzon to hori/ou (NK. lo SW.), passing through the zenilli. Its width at llie horizon was aliout 5°, but it expanded to 8° at the zenith.
The illumination of the central portion of the arch was dull and subdued, but the edges were luiiiinous with coruscations of light.
N'ovcmbfr 19. 1882 (5 p. m.). — Tliere was ])robably an aurora at i; p. m , as there was a strong magnetic disturbance, and
a faint light was observed through the clouds. At 5.45 p. m. it was very jilainly visible in zenith, while at 6 p. ni. it was not
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well definetl, but its presence was evident. At 7.20 p. m. no aurora visible; 8.20 [). m., bright light well defined observed
about 20° above N. horizon; 8.35 p. ni , very bright; 8.45 p. ni., bright in zenith; 9 p. ni., still bright in zenith; 9.20 p. m.,
none to be seen, owing to .»niount of frost in air.
November 20, 1882. — Five-minute reading'; of magnetometer were taken until 2.15 a. m., tiie 20th. There was a mag-
netic disturbance at 7 a. m. of the 20th, when five minute readings were commenced anil continued until 3 p. 111.
November 21, 1882 (12.50 a. m. to 11.25 ^' '"•)• — At 12.50 a. m. auroral streamers were observed in the N. and NH.,
between points 9° E. of N. and 20° W. of N., disappearing immediately. At 1 1 a. m. streamers, varying in height from 5° to
20°, appeared, being most numerous 45° E. of N.; they disappeared at 1 1.25 a. m.
November 23, 1882. — Aurora from 9 to 9.10 a. m.
No^'ember 24, 1882. — Auroral streamers at 5.40 p. m. and freijuenl later, desi)ite the bright moon which at 9 p. m. was
e(jual to the light of a candle at a distance of 49.5 inclies.
November 25, 1882. — Auroral streamers from 6.45 to 7.10 a. m., and 9.40 to 9.55 p. m. Auroral streamers from 7.18 to
7.33 p. m.; 8.25 to 8.37 p. m., and 8.50 to 9.30 p. m.
Nin'tmber 28, 1882. — Auroral streamers 3.13 to 3.30 a. m.; 11.20 to 1 1.27 a. m.; noon to 12.50 j), m.
A^7w///^c/-29, 1882 (11.15 a. m. to 1 1.18 a. m.). — An auroral line extending from the horizon, * * • the zenith to
the southern horizon or to the limits of the twilight, first observed at 11. 15 a. m, and continued three minutes.
December i, 1882 (from 11.55 ^- "*• '" 3'^S P- "^O- — -^^ "'SS ^- "^' * single auroral streamer shot up in the north, and
immediately vanished. At 1.15 p. m. auroral arch (none visible anywhere at 1-14 p. m.) appeared. Width about 2° and alti-
tude 8°. A dark segment underneath. The arch was surrounded by auroral flames resembling alcohol flames. Tlie display
lasted but three minutes, the west end of arch disappearing first. At 1.35 p. m. a ribbon-shaped aurora ajjpeared — a narrow
band about 2° wide, of colorless light, exactly in the magnetic meridian, extending from horizon to horizon through the zenith.
Occasionally the entire ribbon would drift slowly a few degrees to the north, and tlien slowly resume its former ])osition. At
1.40 p. i'l. the ribbon had assumed a twisted shape, and increased in width to about 5°. Its center had moved halfway from
the zenith to Ursa Major, the ends remaining at the horizon in magnetic meridian. At 1.32 p. m. only faint shaft of light, in
160° azimuth. At 3.00 p. m. it reappeared, and disappeared at 3.08 p. m , iluring the interval in magnetic meridian, the center
in Ursa Major.
December 2, 1882 (from 3.50 a. m. to 8.45 a. m.). — .\n aurora was visible from 3.50 a. m. to 6.30 a. m. No magnetic
disturbance noticed. An auror," was visible from 8.05 to 8.45 a. m.
December T„ 1882 (9.20 p. m.). — At 9.20 p. m. an auroral arch extending about 40° above the horizon. The color of
aurora was white. At * * • the arch had broken up and several streamers shot up from each end of the arch about 30°
toward the zenith.
The aurora disappeared about 10 p. m.
December \, 1882 (from 10.10 p. m. to 10.20 p. m.). — At 10.10 p. m. auroral streamers shot up from the SE. horizon just
beneath Orion's Belt and extended to a point midway between the stars .\ndromeda (<?) and I'egasus. The display was of the
form of a wedge, the widest part being in the SE. and abmit 5° in width. .Aurora disa|)peared at 10.20 p. m.
December 5, 1882. — At 11. 10 a. m. an auroral light appeared from behintl the clouds or horizon at N. 45° E., and also at
N. 255° E., extending toward zenith from each point indicating an arch beneath the clouds. .\t 12 noon light showed dimly,
and at 12.10 it was entirely obscured by clouds. Light appeared in N. and \V. at 1.40 ]>. m., disappearing at 1.50 p. m. At
8.55 p. m. broad auroral beams of white light shot up to zenith from the horizon at a point 20° \\ . of N. It remained in
sight until 9.35 p. m. Magnets apparently not afTected.
December d^ 1882 (from 8.50 a. m. to 9.30 p. m.). — .\n aurora was observed from 8.50 to 9.30 a. m. ; 1.40 to 1.50 j). 111.
visible through clouds; 8. 55 p. m. to 9.30 p. m, observed.
December 1, 1882 (from 9.05 a.m. to 505 p.m.). — .Vuroral streamers ap[)eared near to zenith at 9.05 a. m., extending
about 10° toward the horizon. At 9.10 a. m. it had disapj-cured. Auroral streamers from 5 to 5.05 p. m.
December i, 1882 (5.07 p. m.), — .-X. very faint auroral arch appeared, reaching from N. 15° 1'". to N. 345° E., with center
about 5° above the horizon. At 5.30 p. m, an arch formed, reaching from one horizon to the otiier, and directly in the magnetic.
meridian. Color white, but ([uite faint. At 5.45 p. m. disappeared. Magnet very ([uiet. • • * At 8,45 p. m. a white
auroral streamer appeared about 15° \V. of N., drifting at times a few degrees to the south and regularly returning to its
original junction. At 8.56 p. m. several brilliant streamers rose from N. 30° E., reaching to the zenith. At 9.05 [). m. it had
entirely disappeared. No magnetic disturbance.
December (), 1882 (from 3.30 p. m. to 9.15 p. m ). — .Vuroral clouds observed from N. to 40° E.; altitude, about 30". .Xt
3.45 p. m, streamer observed in the magnetic meridian, drifting slowly to the south. At 10.30 a. m. a single streamer observed
* * * Indicate letter-press copy was illegible — A. W. (Irecly, Lieutenant.
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TUE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
E. of S., colorless. At 4 p. 111. a streamer observed, extending from horizon 80° E. of N., reaching to Polaris, disappearing at
4.15 p. m. At 4.40 p. m. narrow auroral band, extending from SVV. horizon to zenith, observed by Lieutenant Lockwood.
Not visible at 4.45 p. m. At 8.03 p. m. streamer observed to shoot up from horizon at N, true, by Private Schneider; dis-
appeared at 8.05 ]). m.
Di'Ct'mhir 10, 1882 (11. 10 a. m. to 9.30 p. m.). — At 11. 10 a. m. an auroral streamer about 27° E. of N, was observed,
extending from horizon 40° upward ; color, white; visible about two minutes. At 1 2.03 p. m. an auroral streamer was observed
at a point 45° E. of N., about ioo° in length, reaching from horizon to beyonil the zenith, passing the zenith about 15" E.;
color, white. Disappeared at 1 2.16 p. m. At 8.16 p. m. auroral arch observed, extending from N. 45" E. to N. 315° K., with
center about 40° above liorizon ; at north, color white. At 8.35 the center had risen to within about 10° of the zenith, the
extremities remaining in about the same position on the horizon. At 8.43 p. m. center within 5° of the zenith, but very faint.
At 8.55 p. m. the arch had moved to zenith, but a second arch formed in the original position of the first. At ■, ■" p. m. the
second one had become very bright, with a few streamers to the so-th of the western end. At 9.17 p. m. it had moved to the
south, but was very faint. At 9.30 p. m. entirely disajipeared.
Decembet 11, 1882 (9.05 a. m. to 5.45 yt- m.). — At 9.05 a. m. an auroral ray appeared in NE., stretching from near hori-
zon to a point about one-eighth of the distance to the zenith; color, white. Disappeared in ten minutes. At 9. 15 p. m. auroral
ray api)eared,just east of north, from horizon to about one-fourth the distance to zenith; color, white. Disappeared in ten or
fifteen minutes.
Di-trm/ui' 12, 1882 (aurora 3.15 to 3.45 p. m.). — .Vt 3.15 p. m. an auroral arch appeared, about 3° in width, extending
from points on the horizon 20° l-l. of N. and loo' W. of N.; center of arch about 30° above horizon; color, white. Disap-
peared at 3.45 p. m.
Dcci-mbi-r 14, 1882. — Aurora observeil at 12.18 a. m. in form of an arch, extending from N. 15° E. to N. 180° E., with
center about 60° above horizon; color, white; brightness of arch ijuite intense. Disappeared before 12.30 a. m.
December 15, 1882 (5.50 a. m. to 1 1.40 a. m.). — At 5.50 a. m. an auroral light appeared on horizon about 30° W. of N. At
6.15 a. m. there s[)rang from it two parallel l)ands, one of which extentled completely along the horizon from about 20° W. of
N. to about 20° IC. of N. The other extended from the horizon 40° W. of N. to the zenith; color, pale yellow. At 6.18 a. m.
one arch had disappeared. Display all gone at 6.45 a. m. At 7.30 a. m. two auroral streamers 345° to 350° azimuth ; color,
wliite. One about 2° in breadth was very bright, and reached to the zenith ; the other faint, attained an altitude of about 40°.
7.40 a. m., unchanged. Disapjieared before 8 a. m. At 8.25 a. m. a faint auroral streamer was observed 20° \V. of N., and
extending to the zenith. Disappeared at 8.35 a. m. Aurora appeared in the form of an arch, extending from 15° W. of N.,
passing through the zenith to 180° l'".. of N. Color, white. At 9 a. m. this arch was observed to be changing its position,
passing slowly to tlie west, without any change taking place in its formation. At 9.15 a. m. tiie arch broke up, forming a per-
pendicular beam of light to its original position, fiiding away in the S\V., and entirely disappearing at 9.30 a. m. At 10.35 •''■
m. a faint aurora api)eared in the north, passing through the zenith to a point 120° E. of N., and extending to about 30° above
the horizon. At 10.45 ^- "^ '' P^issed to the \V., disap()earing at 10.50 a. m. At 11 a. m. streamers were shooting in the N.
from tlie horizon to the zenitii, passing slowly to the \V. They disappeared at 1 1.40 a. m.
December 16, 1882 (from 2.05 |). m. to 12 midnight.). — Aurora was observed at 2.05 p. m. A fliint streamer shot up from
the horizon in the east to a height of about 20°. It afterwards took the form of an arc of a small circle extending towards the
south. It got mucli brighter; but disappeared at 2.15 p. m. Slight d'-,turbance of the magnets was observed. At 5 p. m. an
auroral arch was observed, extending from 30'' \V. of N. to 80° E. of N,, the center of the arch about 40° above horizon;
white in color. Tlicre wen; a number of streamers varying froai 5^ to 15° in length. At 5.20 [). m, the arch at its eastern end
assumed the curtain formation, an 1 tli ; northern half of the sky, between 90" W. and 90° J'"., of N., filled with streamers and
luminous clouds. At 5.30 p. m. tlu curtain formation disa[)[)eared ; at 5.40 p. in. faint streamers were seen in ail parts of the
sky, being most numerous in the western portion; at 5.45 p. w. arch reapjieared in the north, 43° W. of N. to 90° E. The
center of the arcii was 25° above the horizon; streamers were numerous near the zenith. The streamers south of the zenith
disappeared. At 6.10 \i. m. tliere was an intense white light 45° E. of N, in the arth. At 6.22 p. m. all disap])eared except
the arch in the north, whicii remained faint At 6.45 p. m. only a faint light along western horizon could be seen At 7.15
]). m. light along horizon extende<l from 30° W. of N. to 115° E. of N. At 7.30 \>. m. a few cloud-])atches of light were observed
above horizon, and at 8 p. m. streamers 2° in width and 60° in height, 20° E. of N., were visible. At 8.15 ]). m. streamers
wore quite numerous, varying from 5° to 15°, near the eastern horizon; at 8.30 p. in, the aurora, in the form of an arch,
was seen, N. to 100° I'",, of N., the center of the arch being about 30" abo\e the horizon and about 5° in width.. At 8.37 p. m.
it ilisappeari.'d, all but the circular formation directly north. At 9 j). m. the arcii apjiearcd to be tiie same as at 8.20 p. m.
At 9.15 p. in. streamers were seen from the horizon to the zenith, at a [)oint 100° I'^. of N., spiral shaped, and widening out in
the zenitii. They drifted slowly SW., and'soon disappeared. At 9.45 p. m. luminous clouds were observed in the NE. At
10 p. m. the artli was the same as at 8.30 p. m., and at 10.15 p. m. the arch through the zenith, from N. to S., was 2° in width.
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At 10.^0 p. m, the arch was breaking up and the eastern sky filled with himinous clouds and streamers. At 10.45 P- "^* ''"''^'^
extending through zenith from N. to S., composed of parallel bands. Width of arch in zenith about 20°; at each end on
horizon about 5°; at the same tine curtain formation in the east extending upwards 40°. At 11 p. m. arch broken, eastern
sky filled with beams drifting towards the east. At 1 1.15 p. m. curtain formation in the south ; general motion towards the X.
At 11.30 p. m. beams lying N. and S. passed beyond the zenith to the west. At 1 1.38 p. m. disappeared in the western sky.
Broad bands of white light from northern horizon through the zenith to within 45° of southern horizon, about 10° in widili.
Two partial arch formations in the eastern sky between north and south.
December 17, 1882 (from 12 midnight to 12 noon.). — At 12 midnight arches broken up and eastern sky filled with bands of
light parallel with the horizon. At 12.05 '^- "^- ^^ entire sky east of the zenith was covered with auroral arches, considerably
broken in their formation. There were four extending from N. to E., of a uniform white color. At the same time a few
streamers shot up from the western horizon. At 12.35 '^- '"• ''i*-* arches had broken and changed their positions to the western
sky, when they assumed about the same positions as in the eastern, except a bright arch, which extended from E. to \V., with
its center about 15° from the southern horizon. At i.io a. m. the effect of the display was first noticed on the magnet, but it
soon became quiet at its normal declination. At 1.35 a. m. the sky was nearly covered with arciies extending from \, to S.
At 1.5s a. m. aurora disappeared, except one arch, which extended from N. 90° E. to N. 225° E. ; center about 65° above
southern horizon. At 2.20 a. m. only a faint outline of an arch in western sky and a few streamers in the E. At 4.15 a. m.
three bright arches visible, one on magnetic meridian, one spanning the northern, and the third the !;out!iern sky, ;)bout 30°
above the horizon. At 4.13 a. m., no change in the relative positions of the arches duriig ihe hii. hour. ^\t 5.10 a. m. the
southern arch disappeared, and the center one had changed its position from the magnetic meridirn to azimuth, N. 135° K to
N. 315° E., with its center about 5° south of the zenith, while the northern arch retained its original position.
At 6.15 a. m. the northeastern sky filled with streamers, with three imperfect arches, the higlicit one reaching from N. to
N. 135° E., the others about 10° apart, nearer the horizon. At 7.15 a. m., abright arch extended from N. 345° E. to N. 135° E.,
through the zenith. At the same time several streamers shot up from the N. At 7.50 a. m. a broken iirch moved from N. to S.
horizon, passing through the zenith. At 8.10 a. m. the center had drifted about 20° E. of the. zenith, the extremities
unchanged. It then faded rapidly, so that at 8.18 a. m. nothing visible except a faint streamer in tht west. Display ended at
noon.
December 28, 1882 (from 2.22 p. m. to 2.40 p. m,). — An auroral streamer observed at 2.22 p. m., by Lieutenant (Ircely
about 3° wide, extending through the magnetic merid an from horizon to horizon, with an occasional drift to the south. At
2.35 p. m. no change. At 2.40 p. m. a second arch ap;)eared, of feeble intensity, with base in magnetic meridian and extending
meanway between Polaris and Ursa Major. Aurora disappeared at 2.40 p. m. No magnetic disturbance.
December 29, 1882 (from 12.25 P- "^' '" 12.40 ]>. m.). — At 12.25 !'• '"• ^ colorless auroral streamer appeared on magnetic
meridian, reaching to within 40° of zenith, rising from a dititused auroral light on the S\V. horizon. Streamer only remained
about three minutes. The aurora disappeared at 12.40 p. ni.
January i, 1883 (from 9 a. m. to 10.40 a. m.). — From 9 a. m. until 10.40 a. m., a faint glow along horizon from NI'",. to
SW., probably attributable to auroras along the horizon. A white glow in the SE., suspected to be an aurora.
yanuary 3, 1883 (from 3.52 p. m. to 12 mitlnight.). — An auroral light extending from 200° to 300° of azimuth, to an alti-
tude of 10°, and colorless streamers were noticed shooting up in altitude from 5° to 10°; disappeared at 4.20 p. m. ; reap[)eared
at 4,30 p. m., covering the entire western sky with a whitish glow. Disappeared by 8 p. m. ; reappeared at 10.05 P- '"• And
at 1 1 p. m. an arch formed 6° wide from N. horizon through Cygnus, lower part of CXassiopeia, and Taurus, touching S. and W.
horizon just W. of Orion ; color, white.
yamiary 4, 1883 (from 12.18 a. m. to 5.10. p. m.). — At 12,18 a. m. arch remained relatively in same position. At i a. m.
auroral beam showed, extending from the horizon beneath Jupiter to an altitude of 5° above Jupiter; color, pale white. Aurora
disappeared at 1.20 a. m. An aurora of curtain formation ai)peared at 10.55 ^' "^' '" ^^' S°° J"! 'ittained an altitude of 45°
above horizon. Color, white; disappeareil at 11.35 ^' "''• ■'^" aurora extending from N. to S., and passing through zenith,
10° in width, and in color white, with a slight yellowish tint, apjjcared at 1 1 a. m., and disapjjeared at 1 1.,70 a. ni. Auroral
streamer 46° E. of N., base about 30° above horizon, and about 30° in length, observed at 5.10 p. m.
yanuary 5, 1883 (7.30 a. m. to 10.40 p. m.). — Auroral light observed in the west at 7.30 a. m. Streamers in N., and
diffuse light from 280° E. of N. to 90° E. of N. at 2 p. m.; disappeared at 2.15 p. m. Auroral streamers observed in N.
horizon at 7.08 p. \\\.; disappeared at 7.17 p. m. Auroral streamers bright from 7.08 p. m. to 7.17 p. m.; streamers in SE.
at 7.50, disappeared at 8.30 p.m. Arch from Regulus through * • • to N. horizon; white light observed from 8.50
to 9.10 p. m. At 9.22 p. m. white streamer of varying intensity about 3" in width, passing from the E. horizon to northern,
within 5° of Gemini and Ursa Major; disappeared at g.30 p. m. At the same time a very faint streamer appeared in N.
* Indicate letterpress copy was illcjjihlc. — A. \V. tireely, Lieutenant.
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horizon; disappeared at 9.40 p. in. At 9.50 ]>. in. arch formed, extending from N. 105° E. to N. 345° E., the center about
70" above the XI'l. h()ri/.')n ; at the same time a second arcli formed i)arallel and about 25° below ; color white. At 10 p. m.
the second arch had disapi)eared, tl'.e first remaining in the same position, though not as bright. At 10.15 !'• "'• " brightened on
the east end and was quite brilliant. Very faint at 10.30 p. m., and disappeared at 10.40 p. m. No magnetic disturbance.
yaiiiian 7, 1883. — Patches of auroral hn/.e in the western sky. At 8.40 j). m. an arch reaching from E. to N.; disap-
peared about 9 p. m.
yaiuiary 8, 1883. — Auroral light in the east from 1 to 1.55 p. m.
yaiiuary 9, 1883 (12.17 '^' '"■ to '^ midnight). — Auroral ha/.e from southern to the western horizon, first observed at
12.17 a.m.; and disappeared at i a.m. Auroral light in the K. observed from 8 to 8.1 5 p. m., extending 10° above the horizon.
Auroral light in the W. from 11.25 p. m. to 1 1.55 p. m. At 1 1.25 \t. m. partially indistinct, and parallel streamers were observed
in the zenith and extending downwards through the constellation (iemini; all were about equal in width, 2° in height and
apart from each other. At 11.35 p. m. only three remained distinct, and they had considerably descended from the zenith
and were running in an angle of 45°. Remained as irregular and ditTuse haze until after midnight.
January i j, 18)53 (12.01 a. m. to 10,45 P- '"•)• — Aurcral haze continued with occasional changes of position until 12
noon. Auroral ligiit in 1',. and SE , rising a.\)o e the 'lorizon, observed at 10 p. ni. ; disappeared at 10.45 P- "^•
yiviiitiry 13, .883. — Auroral treamer, rising from N. 350° E. and extending about 10° azimuth in zenith. First observed
at 7.05 a. m.; disappearei' at 7.17 a. ni.
yaimaiy 16, IJ83. — Light seen at 1.45 p. m., suspected to be an aurora. At 3.07 p. m. arch appeared, extending from
horizon to horizon on magnetic meridian. At 3.17 p. m. was faintly perceptible, entirely disappearing at 3.25 p. m.
ytiiiiiiiiy 27, 1883 — Aurora from 11 to 11.30 a. in.
F>-'>iiiary 3, 1883 (8.45 p. m.). — An auroral arch <ib' tmmI at 8.45 p. m., extending from horizon 145° E. of N. to within
30° of the west horizon, about 2° in width ; color while. Disappeared at 8.50 p. m.
Filirnaiy 5, 1883. — Auroral haze.
Fehitiiry 10, 1883. — Auroral arch, extending from the N. to E. horizon to a height of about 10°, observed at 6.05 p. m.
Fi-briMiy 14, 1883 (5.50 a. m to 6.2J a. m.). — Auroral arch observed at 5.50 a. m., extending from horizon 45° west of
north to horizon 140° E. of N., center of arch about 85° above horizon ; of the ribbon formation, and about 3° in width.
Numerous streamers observed lying in all directions near the zenith, also a partial arch formation in the NE.; color of aurora
white, disa[)pearing at 6.25 a. m.
Fi-i>i 'ry 18, 18S3. — An auroral streamer, extending from near magnetic meridian to about 15° east of north zenith,
a')peared at 6.05 p. m.; ended at 6.14 p. m.
Fthniiiiy 24, 1S83 (6.15 a. in. to 10.15 !'• '"•)• — '^' ^-'S 'i* "i- ''*" 'iri-'li. N. 170° K. and N. 295° E., center of arch about
10° above horizon, with streamers, shot up tt; a height varying from 5° to 40°. Arch disappeared .il 6.23 a. m., and but faint
streamers and small patches of white light remained on aiul above horizon near point 250° E. of N. until 6.50 a. m., when it
disappeared. At 12 noon auroral arch appeared, passing through N. 45° E. to N. 225° V,. through the zenith. At 12.35 P- "'•
streamers shot uj) from SW.; at 1.30 p. m. streamers shooting uj) in the northeast from 1.35 p. m. to 1.45 p. m.; bright
streamers shooting up from the north towards the zenith, when they would Aide and pass very ra|)idly towards the SW. At
1.50 p. m. the whole sky covered with streamers and arches; the cast showing a color of greenish white. At 3.20 p. m. an
auroral arch from N. 20 K. to N. 1 10 K., with auroral streamers sho(jting up from the horizon. At 3.46 p. m. arch disaji-
pearel, leaving only a wide irregular belt of luminous clouds along thf horizon, with a few streamers shooting up in the north
and west. No auroral signs to be seen at 3.55 p. m. Five minute readings of magnetometer taken a portion of the day;
large disturbance.-; observed. At 10.05 P- ™' 'o 'o-'5 P- "!• >i" aurora was ob:.rved.
Fihniary 27, 1883. — An aurora consisting of faint streamers, reaching to within io° of the /.enith. observed between points
,35° E. of N. and 55° E. of N. at 8 p. m., disappearing at 8,15 p. m.
\A
''^a
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
401
MISCELLANEOUS OBSERVATIONS.
Under this head are classed ooservations made:
ist. On the outward voyage, July 7 to August 11, 1881, from St. John's, Newfoundland, to Lady Franklin Ray.
2d. On the retreat by boats from Fort Conger to Cape Sabine August 9 to October 15, 1883.
3d. At Camp Clay, near Cape Sabine, from October 16, 1883, to June 21, 1884.
The barometer observations, which, in all cases, have been reduced for temperature and elevation, and the temperature of
the air and relative humidity, are given in Table CLXXIV. The detailed observations of the temperature of the se;i, made
in the outward voyage only, are in Table CLXXVI; they have been discussed in connection with similar observations at Fort
Conger (I'ages 381-382).
Wind, weather, tides (during retreat), &c., are given in Table CLXXIX.
While the observations during the boat journey, and later, at Camp Clay, were carefully and systematically made, and are
worthy of all confidence, yet it should be understood that owing to distressing surroundings these observations were not always
made on the exact minute, but they have al • jen referred to the nearest even time when made between them, as often
happened. The boat journey observations oi pi^^suie were nearly all made fr compensated aneroid barometer No. 2657, an
excellent instrument. The barometer used at Camp Clay was a Signal Service mercurial instrument, which had been abandoned
by Lieutenant Garlington at Cape Sabine.
The commencement of deaths in April, 1884, necessarily caused gaps in the barometer record, which, as observer after
observer died, became more frequent, yet two or more observations were made daily until the barometer cistern, which was
cracked when found, was broken in an attempt to remove it from our winter hut to the summer tent.
During the winter of 1883-84, while realizing that it was a duty to make such observations as were possible, yet
consideration for the health and comfort of observers forbade their exposure in an enfeebled condition to extreme temperatures;
consequently the temperature was regularly read only at 1 1 a. m., Washington mean time, during the four months the sun was
absent. After tlie sun returned temperature observations were more frecjuent until death reduced the number of observers.
No day passed in which temperature observations were not made until forty hours before relief came.
Wind observations are few in number at Camp Clay, as their record was judged to be worthless, since the configuration
of the coast was such tiiat it blew up or down, never or very rarely transversely.
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 26
\v
\ I
I iil
,!
402 TUK LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXIV. — Pressure, tempeniliire, and humidity from St, John's, Ne^i<Joundland,to Fort Conger, GrinneH Land,
PRESSURE.
Date.
:98i,
July 6
7
8
9
lo
II
12
•3
"4
•5
i6
'7
l8
•9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
87.
28
20
30
3«
Aug. I
2
3
4
5
6
7
Poiition at noon.
Latitude north.
I.cn^itude west.
J a. III. 7 a. 111. 1 1 a. 111. 3 p. m.
St. John's, Newfoumllaml . .
So°32' Sj-oS'
52° 37' - i 53° '5'
55° oo' 52° S3'
58° 08' 53052'
6o»48' 53°4(i'
62° 20' 5}° 00'
64° 14' I 53° 37'
66° 40' I 55° 16'
(Jodhavn*
do
. .lo.
. .do
do
Riteiibenk .
do...
Off Proven
Upernivik
do...
do...
do...
do...
-I (>S°
do
75°
Off Cape York ..
Off Wosteiiholin Island
Littleton Island
Off W.nshinjjton Irving Island.
I'arl Hitter Hav.
Off Cane liaird
Off Cape I.ieher
( )ff Cape Cracroft
. 046
•772
.996
.368
•477
•443
•5«7
•759
.682
.631
•843
• 955
• 723
.728
•744
.699
.699
.686
.603
.422
. 726
.605
•587
.660
.564
.480
•515
.308
.412
.602
■752
•778 I-
.622 I
•7<7
.891 ,
.886 \
.300 I
•457 I
•45« I
• 539 I
7'i
. «)56
• 699
•873
• 973
.676
•743
• 7.?6
. 726
.646
•717
.561 ;
472
•75«
■596
.607 I
.629
•556
•465 ,
■503 ,
•255
•448 1
.650
•729
.671
•695
.884
.746
.285
•475
•437
.546
•7.16
•674
•763
.882
•945
•653
.708
•756
.746
. 604
•75'
•535
•558
•764
.617
.619
.610
•532
•5'7
•457
•233
.476
.694
■674
.612
.688
.641
1.064
• 577
.298
.491
.443
•554
• 795
.511
.768
•903
.890
.664
•703
•749
•763
.614
•723
•5>7
• 639
• 724
• 637
.644
•585
•S'2
•507
.424
•243
.488
.728
•649
7 p.m.
II p. m.
Daily means.
712
7'7
025
495
382
460
472
544
723
579
813
900
848
666
7«3
709
746
651
673
483
684 I
664
594
631
579
486
500
417
337
5'7
752
586
• 544
.664
.769
.996
•425
•455
• 448
.467
• 581
.683
•549
.820
.908
.783
.684
.718
.666
•755
.666
. 640
.428
.701
. 619
•576
.669
•557
.501
• 483
•389
•377
• 564
• 749
• 567
Inches.
•64s
.671
.698
.939
.688
.348
.468
•45a
•547
•734
.608
•749
.885
.899
.678
.719
•7*7
•739
.647
.698
•521
• 579
.708
.604
.626
.603
•525
• 492
• 4S«
.292
.484
.696
.660
TEMPERATURE.
1881.
July
1 !
i!
1
1
t
i
i
i
1
-■^ug-
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
'3
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3'
I
2
3
4
.M.John's, Newfoundland
50° 32'
I 52° 37' ----
55°oo'
S8°o8'
60° 48'
I 62° 20'
! 64" 14'
I 66° 40' ...I 55° 16'
I Godhavn*
do
I do...
do
I do
53° OS'
53° '5'
52° 53'
53° 52'
53° 46'
53° 00'
53° 37'
Ritenbenk .
do...
Off Proven.
Upernivik .
do...
.do.
.do.
.do
.do.
65°
75°
Off Cape York
Off Wostenhohn Islai.d
Littleton Island
Otf Washington Irving Island.
Carl Ritter B^
48.8
40.9
39
43
42.
35
35
41
35
43
41
39'.
45-8
40.9
40.9
39^ 7
4«^7
44-9
49.8
42^7
37-9
44-9
36^ 9
38.9
36^9
38.9
37-4
35^ 9
49.2
59. 7
58.5
40.9
39^ 9
48.8 ,
41.2 I
36.9
38.4 i
39-' i
4«9 I
40^7 !
41.9 '
40.9
48.9
43^ 9 :
43-7 I
40.9
45-9 !
45^ 9 I
66.7
49^8
42.9
37^9
47^8
45
42
41
47
39
39
36^ 9
38.4
37^ 9
39-4
39-
38^
44.
38.
41
41.9
42.9
45^9
56.1
44-9
46.
43^
54^
47^
46.
4«
49.8
SI.8
46.8
36. 9
36^9
36^9
43^ 7
41.4
62.6
57^8 !
46.8 ,
4«4 I
41^ 9 I
44-9 I
38^91
38^7 I
42.9 I
38^7 i
40.9 I
40.9 I
42.7 i
49.8
46.8
42.9
47^
42^
47.
48.
44^
50.
60. 2
49.6
42.9
35 9
37^ 9
40.9
38.4
45-4
52.8
45.8
40.
41.
43 •
37.
37.
40.
38.
46.
40.4
41.9
47.
42.
42.
42^
40.
42.4
48.9
45.8
42.9
49^ 4
41.9
37^7
35-9
37-9
48.7
38.9
38.2
53^ 35
Fahr.
47- 2
47. 2
53
7
55^ 2
5«
8
57.8
42
9
47^i
40
9
4«3
43
9
40.9
42
9
45^ 3
35
9
39^ 4
36
4
37.2
41
4
40.6
37
9
39^ 2
43
9
41. S
39
4
41.2
1 39
9
41.8
45
3
44^ 9
1 41
9
47^ I
4"
4
42.8
40
9
43^ 8
40
9
41.4
44
I
46. I
44
4
46.7
44
2
46. 2
37
9
43- 0
45
9
47^4
38
9
45^8
36
7
41. s
36
9
37.2
.39
6
37.7
38
9
40.4
35
9
38.7
1 32
9
38.9
Centigrade.
8.4
12.9
14.3
8.
S-
4-
7-
4^
2.9
4.8
4.0
S-4
Si
5-4
7.2
8.4
6.0
6.6
S-2
7.8
8.2
7-9
6.1
8.6
77
53
2.9
3.2
4.7
3^7
38
" .\t 9 p. m.
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXPEIHTION.
403
Table CLXXIV. — Prrssure, temperatute ii <id humidity from St. Jo/ni's, Nni'/ouiidhnii, to Juirt Conx'ir — (ontinueil.
REI.ATIVK IIUMIDITV.
Date.
1881.
July
Aug.
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
13
«3
•4
«S
16
17
18
•9
20
21
22
33
24
as
26
a7
28
29
30
3«
2
3
4
roiltlon at noon.
Latitude north.
St. John's, Newfoundland .
Longitude weat.
'3a'
•37'.
50°
Sa"
55°
58° 08' . . .
60° 48'...
62"' 20' . . .
64° 14'---
66° 40' . . .
Godhavn* .
do...
do...
r^O
OS'
«S'
CjO
S3'
m-*0
Sa'
0^0
46'
e^o
00'
c^o
37'
eeo
16'
do...
do...
Ritenbenk .
do ..
Off Proven
Upemivik .
do
do...
.do.
do.
.do_
75°
Off Cape York
Off Wostenholm Island
Littleton Island
Off Washington Irving Island .
Carl Ritter Bay
65°
3 a. in.
7 a. in.
85
98
')S
96
98
')5
100
91
95
90
87
91
88
8y
95
95
9«
84
7«
9«
9"
84
90
86
90
9>
90
90
II a.m.
93
76
78
98
96
96
95
100
95
9>
9"
9'
90
78
85
83
89
92
82
84
87
87
78
82
82
90
86
90
90
3 !>■ m.
57
82
9'
98
92 j
91
95
84
86
83
96
91
90
78
85
82
S9
73
81
77
83
86
79
84
81
90
90
84
87
7 p. in.
79
75
84
98
98
92 I
95
93
9« I
93
90
9'
91
93
84
89
88
96
77
78
84
86
68
76
83
90
86
91
86
80
79
76
95
98
98
95
95
98
91
88
95
91
«5
87
81
89
9>
87
85
88
76
78
83
81
90
90
78
91
90
1 1 1). III.
Daily
iiR'iiim.
89
89.0
81
84-3
7i.a
79
83
81.3
95
95. 8
97.8
(,8
98
95. 3
90
94.2
95
94. 7
95
94-7
95
91.8
90
89 5
91
9a- 3
91
90.3
84
88.8
89
84.0
87
86.0
9'
88.0
91
91.8
79
8J.2
85
82.5
88
82.0
90
85. 5
77
81.2
82
80.3
8S
84.2
85
85.7
82
88.0
82
86.3
90
88. S
89
87.7
I
* At 9 p. m.
!l
il
404 TUE LADY FUANKlilN HAY KXI'KDITION.
Taiiik l'\,X\V.— ll'mi/,U'f(tfAff; tvui rain/all from St. yohth, Nnvfountllmii, to Fort Con^^rr, Grinne// Lttid.
Date.
1881.
July 5
b \
7 i
8
10
I'otition at noon.
Latilu le north. I .onjjitude west.
Wind.
.1 a. ni.
7 .1. m.
1 1 a. m.
S |), m.
7 p. m.
1 1 |i. in.
Direction and Direction and Direction ami Direction and Direction and ' Direction ami
velocity. velocity. velocity. velocity. , velocity. velocity.
St. John's, Newroumlland .
■ioo \i' ' 5.1" 05'
Si°,i7' : i.f 'S'
S5°<Jo' - 52° SJ'
W., fre»h . .
NW.,Bale.
Calm
SB., gentle
W., fresh .
VV,. fresh
NW.,nnlo
SK.,frf.,h
1 1 5S° 08'
5.1° 52'
. NW., fresh ... NW., fresh
14
IS
16
17
18
•9
20
21
32
23
24
25
26
27
28
29 I
30!
3« !
Aug. I j
2
3 I
4
00° 48' ...
6^0 20' ' 53° 00'
64° 14' ; 53° 37'
66° 40' i 55° 16'
(ioclliavii*
do
do
do
do
Kitenbcnk ...
do
Off I'roven .
Upernivik..
do...
do...
do...
.do .
.do.
75°- — --' 6s».
OlTCipe York
Off Wo.stenliulm Island
I.ittlL'ton I.-.l.-\ii(l
OIT W.ishingtnn Irving Island
Ca'l RitterH.iy
N., fresh . .
NW.fit.sh
NW., light
N., fresh .
NW., light.
W., lighi .
SW.. fresh .
SW., light.
K., fresh .
NK., light .
Calm
NW., fresh
SE., fresh _
SW., high .
SE.. bri.sk .
Calm
S., light ...
Calm
N., fresh .
NW.. fresh
NW.. light
N., fresli . . ,
NW., fresh .
Calm
NW.,l>risk
NW., fresh
N., light...
N., fresh . .
N., light...
SE., light
SW., fresh
SW.,liglit.
SE., frosh
NK., light .
SK., light
N., light
NK.,frt>h
W., high
SE., fresh .
E., light...
SE., gentle.
Calm
NW., fresh'
NE., light .
SE.,frtsh
N., l)risk .
Calm
Calm
SW.. fresh..
W., fresh
NW..galc
SW., fresh.
N., fresh. ..
NW., l)risk .
NW„ fresh
W.li.^hl
NW., brisk
NW.,fri>h
S., light ....
SW., fresh.
SK., light .
NW., fresh .
W, . gentle
SE..liglil...
Calm
SW., fresh
W.,l)rlsk...
S., brisk
SW., gentle .
SW., fresh..
C.ilm
NW., fresh .
E.. light....
SW.. fre.sh.
NW., fresh .
SE., light...
NW., light..
SW., fresh...
E., fresh
NW., fresh
NW,,high
SE.. fresh ..
N.. fresh...
NW., brisk .
NW., fresh .
NW., light .
N., brisk ..
NW., gentle
S.. light
SW., fresh..
SW., light..
W, fresh. .
Calm _
Calm
N., light....
W., brisk...
SV., brisk .
,S., light
SW., light _ .
NE., light..
Calm
NW., fresh _
NW., fresh
SE., fresli
NE., fresh..
SK., light...
NK., fresh . _
SW,, gentle.
.\E., fresh
NW., brisk
SW., fresh .
NE., brisk .
NW., brisk .
NW., fresh .
NW., light.
N., brisk ...
NW., light
.S., light....
SW., light..
SW., light..
NW., Iresh .
SW., light.
SW., gentle
NE., fresh.
NW., bri.sk
SW., fresh.
Calm
SW., light . .
NK., fresh . .
N., fresh . ..
NW., fresh .
NW., fresh _
N., fresh. .
N., fresh
N., light....
N., fresh ..
NW., fresh ...
NW., fresh ...
NW, brisk ...
NW., light. ..
NE.,fre.sh
NE., brisk
N., brisk .....
NW., light ...
NW.,fredi ...
N., gentle
NW., light....
SE., light
Calm I
SE., light '
NW., fre.sh ...!
Calm . ....
SE., fresh I
NE., fresh ..J
w„high ..:
Calm ...j
Calm _ I
SW., light.... I
NE., fresh.... I
N., fresh I
NW., fresh ...1
NW., light. ..
N., fresh
N., fresh
NW., light...
NW., gentle ..
•At 9 p. in.
■ ' ' i
, Till
THE LADY FKANKLIN HAY KXI'KDITION. 405
Tablk CLXXV. — /////</, N'iit//iir, iind minjall Jrom St, yohn's^ Nnvjonndland, to fort Con^'rr, Gtiniiel/ Lmid,
* Inappreciable.
CIouiIh and rainrnll.
1
jn
ni,
i
7 a, m
i
II a
m.
i
1
:3.
.IP'
III.
i
I
7P-
in.
i
1
II p.
in.
§
3
■s,
V
ft
s «
^ 0
■ ■ 1
ti
1
I
-
I
t'.
^ i
&^
^
Fog.
10 si.
3 si.
o
()
(X)
o. o
. Ol)
5
h
7
8
s'cir. " W.'"
7 cir. W.'
00
OO
0
7 cum
o
ot.W."
OO
OO
1 cum
3 ciim
lo nim.
SW.'
NK."
NW"
oo
OO
i
NW.
()
o
oo
DO
oo
.■7
5-7
. 00
. 00
Haze, 2 St. o
10 St. o
oo
oo
o
o
oo
lOht.
NW.'
CK)
lo St. NW.'
OO
lost.
NW.'
oo
lO St.
NW.'
OO
lost.
NW.
I-og.
o
oo
« ,1
.00
0
Koi;.
o
OO
lost. o
OO
lost.
o
OO
lost.
o
OO
lost.
o
IK)
lo St.
NF."
oo ,
»•.?
.00
10
f 2 cir.
is cir.
o
St. o
OO
oo
1 cir. W.'
5 ciiiii, St. o
OO
OO
■
lo cum. St. o
OO
lost.
N.'
OO
!0 nim.
Ni;.'
.—
10 St.
NK.'
oo
8.8
*
II
8 cum
. St. N.'
OO
lO St. 0
OO
lO St.
o
OO
lo St.
o
or.
lost.
NW.'
OO
lo nim.
o
. —
9-7
, .— »
12
lo mm
o
(ost. NW.'
OO
losl.
XW.'
OO
lo St.
o
OO
lOst.
o
oo
Fog.
o
oo
8..^
. »
'.»
Fog.
o
OO
Vi>v,. o
OO
F..H.
o
OO
Fog.
o
OO
o
o
OO
o
o
oo
o.o
.00
14
o
0
OO
iMlg. o
OO
10 st.
NW.'
OO
iO .St.
N.'
OO
IO St.
N.'
OJ
lost.
N."
oo
6.7
.00
H
I'Og.
o
OO
I'OK. o
OO
FoK.
o
OO
Kog.
o
03
I'-og.
o
OO
Fog.
o
oo
o.o
.00
16
KoK.
o
OO
I'og. o
OO
Fog.
o
OO
lO St.
0
OO
Fog.
o
oo
5 si.
SF."
oo
'■a
.00
17
10 >t.
o
OO
to cum. SW."
OO
lO St.
SW.
OO
IO St.
o
OO
lO St.
o
OO
IO mm.
o
. —
IO. o
*
18
lost.
o
OO
lo St. o
OO
lO St.
o
OO
lost.
o
OO
3 cir.
NW-
oo
3 cir.
NW.
oo
7-7
.00
i'»
10 St.
o
OO
5 lir. NW."
OO
5 cum
\V."
OO
lost.
W.'
OO
IO nim.
o
. —
lost.
o
oo
«-.<
■
20
lost.
o
OO
lo st. o
OO
lost.
W.«
OO
lost.
o
OO
IO si.
o
oo
lost.
o
oo
IO. o
.00
21
lost.
o
OO
lO St. 0
OO
lost.
SF.«
OO
lost.
o
OO
IO mm.
o
IO nim.
o
. —
Kl.O
. _i:
22
lost.
o
OO
lo St. o
OO
Fog.
o
OO
Fog.
o
03
lost.
o
oo
IO niui.
o
. —
6.7
»
2.1
lo mm
o
lo nim. o
lO .St.
SW,'
OO
lost.
W.'
OJ
lost.
NW.'
oo
lo.st.
W.'
oo
lo.o
— *
24
10 mm
. SW.'
. _
lo nim. W.r
, —
lO St.
W.'
OO
IO mm.
SW.'
. —
IO nim.
'^W.'
. —
IO nim.
o
. —
lO.O
, »
25
lO SI.
SK.
OO
lo nim. .SK.r
. —
lo St.
S.'
OO
IO .St.
S."
OO
IO^t.
o
oo
lost.
o
oo
IO. O
. — *
26
lost.
0
OO
lo nim. o
OO
lost.
SW."
OO
f 3 cir.
\(> cu.st
SW."
. SW."
OO
OO
\ IO St.
o
00
IO St.
SW.-
oo
9.8
.00
27
lo St.
o
OO
7 st. o
OO
5 cum
SW."
OO
3 cir.
o
00
IO cir.
,SW."
oo
5 cir.
SW,-
oo
6.7
.00
28
lO St.
o
OO
lo cir. W."
OO
5 cir.
W."
OO
IO St.
o
00
f \ cir.
lost.
NW.
o
oo
oo
'r
o
oo
7.0
.00
29
o
o
00
Vog. o
OO
6 cir.
o
Oo
Fog.
NW.
OO
N'.V."
oo
IO St.
o
oo
4-3
.00
30
lost.
NVV."
00
Fog, dense, o
OO
lo mm.
o
OO
IO nim.
o
x»
F..g.
o
oo
I'og
o
oo
S-o
.00
3«
lost.
E.
OO
lO .St. o
OO
lo St.
o
OO
IO St.
SK.
Ov
lost.
o
oo
10 nim.
o
. —
10. 0
^ »
I
lost.
o
OO
10 St. o
OO
Fog.
o
OO
6 cum
st.NK.
OO
2 cir.
N."
oo
3 cir.
N."
oo
5-2
.00
2
/5 cir.
. .? cir.
NW.«
St.
00
OO
3 cir. o
6 cum. St. o
OO
00
1 lost.
o
OO
lost.
o
OO
lo nim.
o
.—
Uen.se
'"¥,■ °
oo
7.8
_.*
3
Dense
fog. o
OO
Dense fog. o
OO
Fog.
o
OO
5 cum
NW.
00
IO cuin
N."
oo
IO .St.
NW."
oo
4.2
1
.00
4
iii'
rmm
^
<ii
;
1^
a
t:i
k'l
40G
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table ("l.XXVI. — Sra temperatures on voyaf^e from St. yohti's, Newfoundland, to Fort Conifer, Grinnell Land.
\Va.sliin(;toii mean tinu'. Observations in degrees Fahrenheit.
Date.
iSSi.
July 7
Position at noon.
1 a.
1
m. 3 a. in. , 3 a. m.
1
4».
m.
5 a. m.
6 a. Di,
7 a.m.
8 a.m.
9 a.m.
10 a
.m.
It a.m.
Noon.
1 p.m.
a p.m.
1
0 3
1
1
1
1
1
1
3>
1
1
1
1
%.
1
1
1
1
6,.7
4«-7
38-7
34-7
44- 7
*2 '
^S'
36.3
38.7
39-7
45. »
44»
44-5
44-5
4».7
36.0
367
j6.o
36.7
39-7
.18.7
35 7
330
1
1
1
in
1
1 '
1
8.
!
50" j3' N. I,«t.,530o5' \V, Long,
53°37'N.l-ttl.,:3'''5'W.l,nnK.
55"oo'N. I.at.,53''5i' \\ . Lung.
58''o8' N. Lat.,51"' 53' W. L>ng.
6c° 48' N . Liil. , s 1° 4(1' \^'. Long.
63° 3o' .\. Lut. , s >° a/ \V. Long.
64'> 14' N. Lai. ,53' 37' W. Long.
66°4o'N Lai ,55" id' W.Long.
43.7
43»
39-7
37 7
43-7
41.3
37 7
37-7
377
37-7
45-7
45.»
43»
44-7
45-3
40.3
38.7
36 7
35-7
^V
30.3
36.7
38.7
36.7
9
lo
11
13
■3
■4
IV
.6
■7
i8
'9
ao
31
33
31
34
35
36
....
.... 1% 1
43 7
43.7
34-7
37.0
45 7
44-7
43-7
44 7
44 7
43.3
38.7
38.3
33-7
370
' '
35-7
_
....
do
do
43 •■<
4.1 •>
43 7
....
43-7
4»-7
43-7
..
43-7
4»-7
4» 7
387
4»7
■36^5
do
do
....
'
ilo ....
,o.a
1
38.7
■36:7
15 0
34.7
VI
•J7^5
Off I'royen
35 7
350
36 7
38.0
do
....
35 0
35-7
38.7
38.0
35-5
37
38
39
.1°
3'
Means.
AuR. 1
3
.1
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1 1
13
'J
■ 4
'.5
16
■7
do
36.3
36.7
38.9
do . , ....
do ... ....
ji^s
.\t9p. ni, 75° N.65° \V
■M 9 1>. m., off ('ape Vork
36'?
-Ill
36^7
_11
35-9
i]_l
33 -a
35 7
33.7
36:7
34-7
J3-5
36-5
33-7
3»-7
.34-7
3>-7 33 »
1
J^
36.3
m:
36.3
'111
3«-4
in:
Off Wostcnholiii
LiCletoti Islaiul
< >fT WiishiitKton IrvitiR Island.
( arl Hiuer K.iv
Off. ape Itaird
Oif (ape l.icher
Off Cane Crairofi
. . do
do
North of llans Island
Lady l''ranklin Hiiy
l''ort ConKcr
do
do
do
do
do
35 3
31 4
13 4
39.4
38.9
39.4
39.4
39.4
39.4
39.4
39 9
3.1. 4
1».4
3»4
33.0
33. V
37-1
l<.4
38.9
38.9
38.9
38.9
39.3
39.3
39.0
39.3
30.4
39.4
39.4
39.9
39.4
l6^
35.3
334
3»-4
39. 4
38.9
39.4
39.4
39.4
39.4
39 7
39 9
33 4
11.9
13.4
13 0
33.9
37»
3'.>
38.9
38 9
j8.9
"•)
39.3
39.3
39.3
39.3
39.4
.9.4
39 4
39.9
39.4
15-3
339
y 4
A). 4
38.9
39.3
39.4
39.4
39.4
39.9
39.4
33 4
!»'4
13.9
33 0
ja-9
37-3
. . . .
3'. 4
38.9
38.9
38.9
38.9
39.3
39.3
39.4
39.9
39.4
39.4
39.9
39.4
3"6^
35-3
34-4
33.6
31) 4
38.9
39.4
39.9
39.4
39 4
39.9
39.4
.13.4
33 9
36-73«-7
...134.9
• 1.13-9
11-4 f3.4
38.939.4
38.938.9
38.939.4
J9.039.9
39.:!39.4
39.3:39.4
...;39 9
39.3I30.4
39 4(13.9
39.4I33.4
39.4133.4
39.9133 9
39.433.9
3'. 4
38.9
38 9
38.9
39 0
39.3
39.3
39 1
39.4
39 4
39.4
»9-4
39.4
36 7!.... 35.7
34.9;- ... 3a-9
33-4' 33.4
.13-4 31. 1 30.4
39.938.939.4
38.938.938.9
39 4 38.939.4
39.939.039.4
394,3). 3 39.4
39.439.339.4
39.9 39 3 39.3
39. 4. T. 339. 4
33-4>9.t.'".4
33.4:39. ,.13.4
33.4139.4 33.4
3»-9i"9-4.a-9
33.939.431.4
.10.1
39.3
38.9
38.9
38.9
39.3
39.3
39.3
39 4
39.4
39.4
39.4
39.4
34-7
33 6
3" 4
38 9
'9 4
39.3
39.4
39.4
39.3
'94
3» 4
3» 4
3»-4
31.9
3« 4
39.3
38.9
38 9
39.1
39.3
39.3
39.3
39 4
30.4
39.4
30.4
39.4
34-7
33-9
33.8
i"-4
39.4
39 4
30.4
39.9
39.7
39.9
19.9
39.4
3' -4
33 4
3»-4
.. .
3»-4
31.9
31.9
30.3
38.9
39.3
39.9
»9 4
39.4
39.3
39.4
39.4
39.4
30.4
34.7
33 9
3»-4
3».4
39.4
30.3
30.4
39.4
39.4
39 9
39.9
39.4
33.9
3"-4
3».4
.ia.4
3«-7
31.9
39.3
39.3
39 0
38.9
39.4
»9-3
39.3
31-4
39.9
39.4
3>-3
34-0
33.9
.l»-4
.13.4
39.4
39.7
30.9
39.4
39.4
39.9
39.4
3'-4
33-9
.U 4
330
3'-4
3»-4
t30.9
39.3
38'?
38.1
39.4
39.4
39 4
30.4
39.4
39.9
39.3
39.4
34-7
33.9
33 a
3»-4
39.4
30.4
V.
39.4
39.4
34-4
3»M
330
3>-5
3»-4
31.0
39.3
39.3
38 9
39.0
39.3
39.3
"9 3
39 4
39.4
39.9
39.3
39.4
35-4
33 4
3" 4
33-4
39.4
30.9
3>-4
39.4
39.4
39.9
39 3
34-4
3a. 4
33.9
33»
3».4
... 35.6
3«-9 33-4
... 31.4
-■• 133-4
39.3,39.4
39.3:30.9
39.0,30.4
39. 039.4
39.339.4
39.339.9
39.4
... 39.4
S9.4.14.4
J9.4 3»-4
»9 9i33-4
»9.4 33-4
39.433.4
3"-9
w\
39.3
39 3
38.9
39.4
39.3
39 3
39.4
39.4
39.4
30.4
39.4
' .-M (>o futlioins ss'.o.
t At 30 {athomi 30^.7
% At 4a falhoms 3o°.4,
!
r '
i
: ■
1
: \
^,.i
THE LADY FRANKLIN KAY EXPEDITION.
407
1 p.m.
i
Surface.
30 feet.
'"1
....|... .
1
1
■■■■|
"1 ■
•5
•9
34-7
3«-7
35.6
33-4
31-4
3"-9
30
39
29
29
34
J»
4 Jl'-4
4 '<)•»
29
28.9
29.4
29.2
29 2
29.4
29.4
29.4
30 4
29.4
Table CLXX'Vl.—Sf(t temperatures on voyage fr-mi St. yohris, Ntw/oundland, to Fort Conger, Grinnr// Land,
Washington mean time. Observations in dc);recs Fahrenheit.
iiifl!'
3P. m.
47.'
40.7
3»-7
40- 7
*§•'
J8.7
34. a
39-7
3!..
46.0
437
44-7
43-7
43»
39-7
37-7
3«-7
35 7
35-7
37-7
39' 7
39-7
36- 7
32-7
344
334
3»-4
3' 4
29,4
3'-4
30-9
19.4
29.9
29.4
309
33-7
34.6
32.9
33 »
34 o
3«.i
43-7
43-»
43 7
4» 7
40.7
357
34-7
35-7
357
38.2
39-4
35-7
3».9
28.9
29.4
29.2
29.4
4 p. in.
34-7
>J.2
29. J
29.4
29.4
29.4
29.4
29.4
29.4
»9-4
35-4
33-4
33-9
3t-7
29.4
309
28.9
29.4
30 4
»9-3
30.9
34-4
334
34-4
34-3
33-9
33>
3»-4
28.9
29.0
29.4
29.2
29.3
29.4
29.4
29.4
29.4
29.4
29.8
29.4
5 |i. ni.
3'-7
33.»
I j t
6 p. m.
35-7
33 9
33-4
33-4
3' 4
29.4
30.9
29.4
30.4
29.4
a) 4
29.4
34 8
.12-9
33 9
33»
33-9
32.9
33-4
3»4
28.9
28 9
29.4
29.2
29.3
29.2
29.9
29.4
29.9
29 4
29.4
29.4
1/)
3» 7
3.)"
7 p.m.
8 p. m. 9 p. m.
337
33 4
33-4
32.9
3<-7
29.4
30.9
29 4
29.9
29.4
29.0
29.6
33-4 i
32.4 i
33 9
33 '
33 "
3a -9
i
33.4
3a. 4
28.9
a8.9
29.4
29.2
29 2
29 2
29 9
29 4
29 4
29.4
29.4
29.4
49.7
40.7
39-a
43 7
450
397
38.0
36
37
43
43
43
44
43
4«
39-7
37.7
36.2
35-7
36 2
'42.7
39 7
385
33-5
33-7
33.6
3a-4
3>'4
30- 5
29.4
30 -9
29.4
31 o
29.4
29.3
29 4
34.4
33-4
ja-4
(3 2
32.3
33.9
lop. ui. II p. m.
^ 2 N Shi_
43-7
43-»
43-7
43 7
40.7
35.7
350
35-7
'41.7 I
38.7
38.2 I
3«.7'
34-7
35-7
33'»
3a-4
28.9
28.9
29.4
aj.2
29.3
29.3
30-4
29.4
29.4
a94
a9-3
30.4
U-U.'_l
33-4
3»-4
33 4
29.4
29.4
29 9
29.4
.10.4
29.8
29.2
JI.6
33 -4
33-4
32.9
3»-9
3"-4
3a -4
31.9
28.9
28.9
29.4
29.4
29.2
29.4
29.4
10.4
29,4
29.4
29.4
10 4
29.4
34-7
36.2
4 -36
93"-4 3a
.4!....;32
i> !• $ ii u 'i
&\ ^ & ■ ^ S. •c
^ ! r. ?) I (/■- I S> !A
MiilniKlit. Uuily incuns .Maxiiiiuin. Mitiiiiujin Knnge.
35-2
}6.a
i»y
4;28.9,29
9:28. 9129
4'28.9 ?9
729.4 3"
8 29 2.29
2|29 129
9J30.2 29
4|29.4;J3
4'29-4|3a
929-4!3a
4:29. 4'3a
9 29.4|32
4 29.4i3»'
4
4 3'-7
73'-9
429.3
4''
428.9
4 "9 4
729 4
9 29.0
529-7
9 "9 -3
429-4
929 4
229.4
4:a9 4
929. I
429.9
46.7
40.7
387
43-7
4»-7
34-7
37-7
38.7
38.7
46.0
44 »
43-7
43-7
43-7
42.9
39-7
36.2
36.2
35-7
3f..2
36.7
.38.7
36.7
36.7
33-7
36-9
33-9
32.4
2<1.<
29.4
29.4
29.4
29-2
29.4
.)"-4
29.9
34 4
3a-4
32.2
3a-4
3a 4
3a-4
43-7
4I-a
42. a
4a. 7
40, a
35-7
35 2
35 7
36.7
38 o
36.7
36.2
36-7
36.2
51.7
42.3
39-0
39 9
43-9
39 6
36 8
.t7-7
.!8.7
40.2
45- 1
! 44-2
' 44-1
44 2
' 43 3
40 9
: 37-3
I 364
358
. i5-9
I 3Z 7
38 5
38-7
1+35-3
34 9
I I
% ! 3.
33.7
35-7 1
36.4
43.7
4.1-4
41.0
43 "
40.1
40 5
3f. .■
35 ■
35 3
36.9
17-8
38.3
.3S-9
1
i«a.7
44-7
39-7
43 7
45 n
; 40.7 ;
1 38 2
39-7 1
3'l-7
31-7
37-7
37-"
4«'
49 "
45 2
44-7
44 7
45 .1
44 o
38.7
,16-7
35-7
36-7
42 7
39-7
39-a
36-7
43.7
43.7
13 7
43 7
4" -7
42-7
36.7
35-7
35-7
4' 7
.38 7
39 4
37-5
46.7
40 7
38 7
.14 7
-I' -7
31-7
34 2
.16.2
37-7
36.7
43 7
13 7
43 ■'
43 7
41-7
I 19-7
35-0
3fi a
I .14-7
35-7
36.2
,6-7
31.7
,13.7 I
33 7
35 7 i
43-7
43 2
42-7
42.7
38 7
38-7
15-7
34 7
14 7
35-7
.167
.17 .7
33.2
16. o|.
4.0,.
; '■•■I'
9-Oj.
'■ a.3
6.0' 0.0
4.0 4.0
3-51 '-3
2.01. .. .
9.3l--..
2.3' 0,0
■ 5; 05
1.5 <.o
I .
I .u
3.6. 2.0
4 3J 4-0
3.7 ....
o.$i 1 .0
1.0 I.O
o. s 1 .0
6 %, 6.0
3.0 a.o
a o 1.7
60'....
5.0! 43
3< 4
28.9
.•8.9
29.2
29.2
29.3
23
39.4
29-4
29 4
29.4
29 4
29-9
35-4
33 3
3a 4
29.4
28.9
29 2
29 4
29.4
i 29.4
. 29.7
I 29.9
I 34-4
' 32.4
32 4
' 32.(1
32.4
: 3>.4
31 4
29.4
28.9
28.9
29.2
29.4
40.06 38.141 42.15' 39.50! 38.17;
34.3 ~
33.7
31 "
r ''
29 4
29 H
27;58|39.8
3S.4
32.2
11 5
29 0
29 0
29 0
29 . 2
36.9
35
2
.34
13
29
ti
tl
i<
37.8
33 4
.32.9
32 4
31 9
3" 4
31.9
29 4
29.2
28 9
.■9. 1
2H 9
2CI.4
28 9
1 29.2
29.5
•29.2
19.1
29 5
-29.3
29 3
29 9
29.3
2}. 9
3'. 5
29.5
•.1.4
33 2
29 r,
29.4
.32.7
29-5
29.9
32.8
29-5
29.4
3a. 8
29.fi
: 29 2
1
32.5
29.6
3° 4
31 6
.14.8
34.6
31-9
34.3
14.0
33 '
29 4
29.4
29.7
30 2
.10 4
3"-4
30.4
29.9
3" 4
3' -3
33.2 I
31 .0
30 .,
2^^
.18 9
28 9
28 9
29.0
19 2
29.1
29 2
29. Q
29 4
•29.2
.12.4
29.4
31.9
29.4
32 0
29 4 1
12 0
29 t
1' 4
29 4
3.5
2.8]
3 n,
4.(1
2.4
1 .rr
1 .2
2 4
5.4
2.2
2.0
23
2.0
'7
2 o
1.0
"5
1 .•
19
Hi
' li
*l'robably 5° too high.
t Mean of 6 obscrvatioiis.
' '''I
ll.-'l
I
:■■! ' \
, 1 . i
408
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXVII. — Barometric readings {after leaving Fort Conger), corrected for temperature ami eie^'atiori, in Kennedy Channel
and Kane Sea.
Date.
Position at noon.
1
I a.m.
2 a. m. J a. m.
4 a. m.
S a.m.
6 a. m.
29.000+
.861
7 a. m.
8 a. in.
9 a. m, loa. m.
II a.m.
-Voon.
I p. m.
2 p.m.
1 Latitude Longitude
[ nortli. west.
29.000+
•895
i
29.0004- 29.000+ 29.000+
29.000+
.870
29.000+
.851
ag.oocH-
.845
29.000+ ' 29.000+
29.001.+ 29.000+ 29.000+
29.000+
1883.
Aug. 9
10
.891
.883
.871
.840
.819
' .821 .821
.820
1 8l» 32', 64° 30'
II
1. 010
1.040
12
»3
14
'
r"
1
1
l6
>7
18
19
. ... ,._
1
. 690
..t6o
.450
.660
.890
I. 010
.910
. 670
. 400
.460
.660
.710
.680 1 .660
.660
.480
.660
.940
.920
.890
.650
•390
.490
.670
•740
.970
".'89^'
; 80" 44' 64° — '
i 80 44 64 - -
80 44 64 —
. 80 20 68 AO
• 540 . 540
.380 .390
. S40 . SSo
■540
.400
.590
.S'o
• 390
.590
.5.0
• J90
.600
.680
.860
1. 000
.500
•450
. 640
.680
.870
I. UX5
'"."850
.480
■ 450
.650
.690
.890
1.020
.910
.850
.460
• 45°
.700
.890
'.'840
.400
460
.660
. 920
.400
.460
. 660
.720
.940
•930
.900
20 80 17 69 00
21 , 80 07 70 10
.790
.820
1. 000
.830
I. 010
'."840"
.900
.720
• 830
1. 000
'".'840'
22 80 05
23 ' 79 55
24 79 50
25 79 46
26 79 2i
27 79 22
28 79 22
29 79 22
30 79 22
31 79 22
Sept. I 79 19
2 79 '9
3 79 16
4 79 13
5 79 10
6 79 07
7 79 07
8 79 07
9 79 07
10 79 07
11 78 IIO
70 30
70 40
71 00
7« -
73 20
]\-
73 -
73 -
73 —
7. 45
73 45
74 -
74 20
74 42
74 45
74 45
74 45
74 45
74 45
74 45
1
.850I .850"
.900
.920
.900
. 790
.890
. 760
.860
.760
.860
.790
.710
.700
.720
.750
.850
.840
.850
.860
.840
•750
.940
•950
1. 000
.990
.780
•570
.440
.410
.280
.180
■ 430
.600
.620
.410
•S90
.880
■750
.910
•930
.950
1.020
.800
.610
• 430
. 420
.290
.090
.320
•530
.640
•750
.910
•950
.960
1.020
.810
.610
. 410
•430
.300
.090
•330
.520
. 640
• 730
.910
.950
. 960
I. CIO
.810
. 610
.420
• 430
.310
. 090
• 340
.520
. 640
■ 730
.910
•950
.970
1. 010
.810
. 600
• 430
. 410
.290
. 100
.380
•550
. 640
.740
•950
•950
.980
1. 010
.810
.580
.440
.410
.300
. no
• 390
.560
. 640
.740
.950
.950
I. 010
I. 010
.820
•590
.450
.410
.290
. 140
•390
.580
.640
.740
•950
1. 000
.800
.580
•450
.410
.200
.150
.410
.590
.630
.760
.950
.990
I. 000
.980
.780
.560
. 460
.400
.250
. 200
.440
.610
.610
.790
• 950
.970
1. 000
.970
.780
• 550
.450
.380
. 240
. 200
.450
. 640
■ 590
.790
■.It
I. 010
"".'760'
•540
•450
■350
.210
. 210
.440
. 620
. 600
.790
•930
.980
I.OIO
• 950
.750
•530
.460
•340
.230
. 240
• 450
. 640
.570
•750
.980
•990
1.030
.940
.740
.510
. 460
• 330
. 210
. 250
.420
. 640
•550
. 410
.770
.980
.990
1.040
.940
.740
.500
•470
• 320
.250'
.450
. 640
. 420
12
•590
. 600
.620
.630
.610 1
13
Near Cape Sabine.
do .. .
.690
. 690
.690
14
-
15
....do.
"
1
16 ...do .
1.080
I. 140
I. 080
I. 130
1.060
1.070
17 do .
18 ....do .
.940
>9
20
21
22
...do .
...do .
.. _ .
\
1.030
. coo
... 1. 010
.5rx)i .510
I.OIO
1.020
...do 1
1
. S20
. .do
1
23 ...do
.890
.740
""."830'
.850
860
24 ..do
.740
•740
25 ...ilo 1
1 ■"
.860
26 7S° 28'
7?° 20'
. . . 1
1
.890
1
27 1 78 28 75 20
28 ! 78 28 75 20
29 78 28 7"; 20
1
1
"
t
3"
Oct. I
2
78 30 75 20
78 30 75 20
78 JO 71; 20
'•I3S
1.093
.
-
1.090
3 78 30 75 20
J 78 30 75 20
5 7« 30 75 20
6 78 JO 75 20
7 78 30 , 75 20
8 78 30 ^t, 20
i
1
.- ...
-
-■- -- 1
.720
1
.720
,610
,
1.020
1.150
9 7« 30
10 78 \o
75 20
75 20
75 20
74 40
1.180
1. 310
II
12
«3
14
78 30
78 48
!
I. 500
1.430
78 48 74 40
78 46 74 20
1
.900
1
I
ii^ll
! p. ni .
00+
1 29.000+
20
...
1.040
60'
.650
•390
80
.490
60
.670
.740
40
•970
20
.890
.860
.790
.770
.980
.990
1.040
.940
.740
. 500
.470
.320
.250
• 450
. 640
. 420
. 690
1.020
.740
1.093
.610
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
409
Table CLXXV II. — Baromet-ic readings (after leaving Fort Conger), corrected for temperature and elevation, in Kennedy Channel
and Kane Sea — Continued.
3 p. m.
4 p. m. 5 p. m. 1 6 p. in.
1
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
II p.m.
Midnight.
Daily
means.
29.000+
Daily
means in
WW., 700+.
Date.
aq.ooo-l-
1
89.0004- 1 29.000+
1
29.000+
29.000+
29.000+
29.000+
29.000+
29.000+
29.0U0+
.8529
• 77.SO
1.0233
. !>,.'i:o
. s.:so
. 7,.'(/(i
■ 6329
.4232
.4800
. 6426
58.26
56. 27
6257
no. 10
.'•7. (U
•■:■/. ,S7
52-67
47.d3
48.78
';2.02
1883.
Aug. 9
10
II
12
•3
•4
'5
16
•7
18
•9
20
21
22
23
24
%
11
29
30
3'
Sept. I
2
3 :
4
5
6
7 ;
8
9
10
II
12
•3
•4
'5
lO i
•7 !
18 i
.770
1.020
!
.780
_ i
1
_- -.j ^
I
!
.
!
. 650 ! . 620 . 620
. 610
•350
,560
.680
. 620
•350
. 560
.680
.620
.520
.680
.750
.990
.900
.900
.560
■ 340
.560
•550
•340
•530
•.390
.500
.680
.740
.360
•530
.680
.980
•360
• 5.JO
.680
.760
•350
• 560
•340
• 560
.760
.980
.860
.880
.760
.990
.860
.880
•730
.990
.870
.880
.690
'""."870"
.860
.7221 54.92
,9175 ;o. uo
• 990
.990
. 900
. 910
•9433
•8925
•8457
.8470
•7444
. 8560
•7975
•7996
•9473
.9604
10135
•9352
•7478
•5238
.4560
•3575
.2165
. 2221
•4342
.6108
.6162
•4133
.6129
. 6900
.7850
1.0700
••0733
1.1350
.9400
.8600
1.0200
.5060
.8000
.8750
.7400
.8600
.8700
. 9,i00
. 'MOD
1. 0600
I. II40
•••55
1.007
1. 030
.980
.720
.610
1.020
•••35
I. 200
I. 310
l.SOO
1.430
i.m
.900
60.54
59- 24
58.07
58. 10
55^48
58^33
56.85
56.91
60. 64
60.97
62.34
60.34
55^58
49.89
48.17
45. 68
4207
42. 22
47-61
52.11
52-23
47-08
52. 16
54- 11
56. 53
63.76
63. 84
65.42
60. 46
1
J
.850
.840
.740
.710
.820
• 830
.980
.970
1.040
.920
•730
•490
.480
•350
.210
.280
•430
.650
.790
.840
•950
.970
1.040
.910
•730
.490
.500
■330
.190
.290
•440
.630
.830
.850
.960
•950
1.040
.860
. 690
.460
.500
.310
.150
• 310
.490
. 640
.810
.880
•950
.950
1.040
.850
.680
■450
.790
.880
•950
.940
1.040
.830
. 640
.440
.760
.890
.940
.940
1.020
.820
•430
•740
. 900
•930
.940
1.020
.810
.620
■430
• 430
. 290
.090
.320
•530
.650
.840
•970
.980
1.060
.900
.720
.490
.500
.310
.180
. 290
.450
.630
.850
• 970
.970
1. 040
.880
.700
.480
•330
. 160
.290
.460
. 630
.850
.970
.960
1.050
.880
. 700
.470
.490
•330
.160
. 290
.480
.640
.300
.130
.320
.500
.650
.300
, no
.320
.500
.650
.280
, no
.320
.500
.650
.650
.690
1
.810
.810
1.070
.830
1.060
1.090
i
.860
58.43 I 10 1
1.030
.500
62.49
49^44
56-91
58.81
55-38
58.43
58.68
ISO. 21
(Jl. 73
63. 26
64.88
65. 93
20
21
22
23
24
11
11
29
30
Oct. I
.800
1
"'"1
.890
1
!
1
1
1.220
64. 4') 1 2
62. OS
61.48
54-87
52.08
62.49
65-42
67.07
69.86
7469
72.91
6G. is
59-45
3
4
7
8
9
10
II
12
•3
•4
.980
.
I. 120
1.220
[
1
1
i
i'ir
' [■<■ i
li
I i ■!
Si
410 THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXXIII. — Temperature observations (after leaving Fort Conger) in Kennedy Channel and Kane Sea.
\ 1
1! i
Date.
Position at noon.
I a.m.
2 a. m.
3 a.m.
4 a. m.
5 a.m.
6 a.m.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
• 1 a. m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
i
Latitude
north.
Longitude
we«t.
36.6
36.4
1883.
Aug. 9
10
II
12
«3
I*
IS
i'j
:i
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
1
29
30
Sept. I
2
3
4
7
8
9
10
II
12
«3
•4
;i
17
18
Fort Cong
Near Cap«
er
364
36.1
363
36- 3
17. 0
367
35- 4
35.4
36.4
38.1
37-5
Baird ....
•* •* 1 -
29.0
26.0
26.0
28.0
3'.8
30.0
28.0
30. S
27.5
29.8
""8^°"44'"
80 44
80 44
80 20
80 17
80 07
80 05
79 55
79 50
79 46
.........
64 -
64 —
68 40
69 00
70 10
70 30
70 40
71 00
71 —
21.0
26.0
28.0
26.2
26.2
"28."9"
26.2
"28."5"
27.2
28.0
28.0
29.0
30.3
29.0
30.2
33.0
34.3
'"27-'5
28.0
30.3
28.0
32.3
30.3
27.6
28.4
30.2
27.0
26.2
31.0
27.2
29.5
29.7
30.2
30. 2
32.8
35.0
33'
32.7
27.6
32.0
26.6
26.2
26.2
26.2
27.2
33-3
29.9
35- 5
33.6
29.8
3'.5
3'-7
3«-9
39.3
31.0
33- 0
-
'33.5
3'. 2
31.0
31.8
29.2
33- 0
33-2
33- 0
36.8
32.2
38.5
33- 0
34.7
36.2
34.'
34.2
32.1
32.0
32.8
26.0
19.8
21.0
26. 5
26.2
27.0
24.4
26.0
24.0
23.0
24.0
24.0
10. 0
15.1
13.0
26.2
19.9
2i:7
16.2
26.5
28.8
26.0
26.3
24.2
24.5
23. «
23.0
II. 0
16.3
13- 7
35. 0
27.3
24. 1
17.0
29.0
27.0
27.8
26.0
27.7
24.8
.-2.5
12.0
'75
'39
79 33 " 20
29.1
24.8
27.0
29. 3
18. 1
28.2
29.5
27.1
27.8
26. 1
29.0
24.7
21.6
TI.O
•5-5
13- 0
'35
17.0
28.0
26.2
29. 2
3'. 2
23.0
28.6
30.0
28.4
27.9
26. 3
27-5
26.5
22.8
'2.5
15.0
'3-2
79 22
79 22
79 22
79 22
79 22
79 19
79 19
79 16
79 13
79 10
79 07
79 07
79 07
79 07
79 07
78 SO
V. -
73 -
73 -
73 -
73 45
73 45
74 —
74 40
74 42
74 4S
74 45
74 45
74 45
74 45
74 45
21.0
14.2
24.0
12.0
23. S
26.8
17.0
25.0
22.8
.2. 8
21.0
22.0
I.O
13.2
«3S
16.0
24.0
II. 8
25.0
26.4
16.0
25.0
22.5
23- 7
22.4
25.0
1.0
«3.2
13- S
'95
19.0
25.0
13. 2
26.0
27.0
11
22.2
23.0
23.0
25.0
6.2
13.6
'35
20. s
20.6
26.0
14.6
26.0
27.0
21.0
26.2
23.0
23.0
23.1
24- 5
4.0
14.6
13- 5
24.6
29.5
3'.o
24.5
30.0
32.6
29.7
29.5
27.7
27.0
30.1
23.0
II. 0
15.2
14.8
27.6
27. 5
3'.8
26.0
30.8
"28."8"
29.0
27. 3
27.0
32.8
23.0
9.8
16.0
13.8
28.0
30.0
33- 0
27.0
3'.9
34 0
32-' 2
29.5
27- 5
26.0
29.6
22.5
14.0
28.2
3'. 2
33'
28.5
3'. 8
32.9
3'. 7
29.5
28.0
25.4
28.9
23.5
14- I
'75
14.0
17.0
21.0
29. 1
29.0
30.8
28.8
32.8
30. S
31.3
30.6
28. 5
25.4
22.0
'S3
17.8
15.0'j
"i6."8 j
21.0
23.0
17.0
17.0
Near Cape
Sabine
.1:?
..do ..r.
....do
do
17.0
"14.8"
'9.5
'SO
20.0
19.8 1
...do
. .do
II. 0
.1
19'
20
21
22
27
do
...do.
26.0
"26.'i'
26.5
21.0
22.0
...do
24.0
... do
....do
17.0
16. 5
16.0
...do...
"12.5'
16.0
16. s
"'I's-o
16.8
....do.
10.5
'2.5
78» 28'
78 28
75° 20^
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
75 20
74 40
74 40
74 20
74 20
16.:
28 78 28
29 78 28
30 78 28
Oct. 1 7S 30
2 78 30
\ 78 \o
16.8
23.0
23- S
25.0
... ..
^_ _
24.0
4
I
7
8
9
10
II
12
•3
14
«5
78 30
78 30
78 30
78 30
78 30
78 30
78 30
78 30
78 48
78 48
78 46
78 46
17.0
16.0
16.0
7.0
15.0
14.0
'3-5
12.0
.. ...
-30
-8.S
9.0
2.0
is I1
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
411
Table CLXXVIII. — Temperature observations {after leaving Fort Conger) in Kennedy Channel and Rane Sea — Continued.
I p. m.
4 1). m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
II p. m.
Midnight.
Daily
means.
Minimum.
S--
8S .
s ^ yL
|:i
2.5
a. I i
t.r,
1.1
0.6*
2. I
1.9
- 2.S
- 2. I
- 1-7
- - 0. 1
- 0.6
- I.O
0.7
0.8
0.6
"•3
- 2.5
- 4-3
3- 8*
2.7
- 5.3
- 0.7
- 2.8
- 3-3
- 2.9
- 3-4
- 5-7
- 4-3
- 7.2
- II. 6*
- 9.2
- 10.2
- 9-3
- 7-8*
- II.O*
- S-S*
- 2.7
- 8.1
-1 1.7*
- 12.2*
- 5.0
- S-7
- 3-6
-12.6
- 10. 2*
- '"• 5*
-- 11.6*
- 9-4*
- S.S
- S.7
- 8.4
- 7-3*
- S-4»
- 4.4
- S.7
—- 12. 9
- II. I*
- 12.9*
- 10. I*
- 10. 6*
- 13.6*
- 13-6*
- 20. 6*
-23. 6*
- 16. i»
- 13- 3*
- 17.7*
Date.
36 5
./.;. ;
M. S
as. !)
33- 0*
28.3
28.6
27- S
28.3
29.0
31.8
29.2
30. 2
33-3
33-4
33. 0
34-3
25-7
24- 3
2S.I*
27.2
22.5
28.7
26.9
26.1
26.8
25.9
21.8
24-3
19. 0
II. 1*
IS'S
13-6
15.2
18.0*
12.2*
22. I*
27.2
17.4
10. 9*
10. 0*
23.0
21.7
25.6
9.4
13-7*
13- 4*
11. I*
IS- I*
JO. 1
in. 4
16.8
l8.8*
22.2*
24.0
/«. 4
8.8
12.0*
8.7»
13-9*
13.0*
7.6*
7-5*
- S.o»
-10. 5»
3.0*
8.o»
0.2*
1883.
Aug. 9
10
II
12
>3
14
;i
17
18
«9
20
21
22
23
24
2S
26
27
28
29
30
31
Sept. I
2
3
1
S
9
10
II
12
13
14
\l
\l
19
20
21
22
*3
24
11
11
29
30
Oct. I
2
3
4
I
7
8
9
10
II
12
13
»4
IS
[
' !
1
34- 0
—
32.0 1
29.8
27.2
32.0
28.0
27. 0
30- 5
28.0
27.9
30.1
28. s
28.0
29. s
28.5
27.0
28. s
28.5
29.0
27.0
26.3
27.8
26. 0
26. s
25.2
27-4
28.5
27.0
28.2
33'
32. s
3«9
3'S
39-5
28.8
33- 0
33-9
38. s
26.2
30-3
35- 0
27.0
24.6
30.2
32.8
26. 9
24. S
31.6
32.0
28.0
30- S
33-4
31.0
29.4
32. 5
33- 0
35- 2
31.0
]
33- 0
3>.8
1
1
23.0
15-8
23-5
13- 4
26.9
18.5
23.2
20 0
14 S
24. 0
13.0
20.3
26. 9
18. 5
23-5
22.8
24.1
16.0
2C. 2
4.0
13.0
13.7
31. S
30- S
34- 0
29.0
310
30.2
28.0
29- 3
29. 0
27-5
27.5
21. 6
19. 1
18.0
3«-3
3«-4
33- 0
29.6
32.0
28.6
29.0
30.0
28.0
19.2
26.0
22.0
17.2
16. 1
33-9
32-4
32.0
29.8
31.0
27.8
29.2
26.3
28.2
19. 0
24.5
21. 2
'7-3
16.3
29. s
26.2
30.5
29.4
29. 2
26.2
27.8
26.4
"'16.2'
22.7
20.5
17.0
16.0
22.2
29.0
27.8
29.5
25- •
27-5
26.2
26. 5
14.0
21.6
'9-5
13.0
15-3
25.0
24.1
.26.S
25.2
29. 0
23.0
26. 5
24.8
26.0
13.0
21.0
9.2
12. 5
14.9
21.0
23.0
21. S
24.2
28.8
21.3
25.4
24.2
17. 9
23.0
18.4
25.0
28.0
19.0
25.0
23.0
12.S
14.0
21.0
5.0
9.0
«4-5
14. I
19. S
4.9
8.5
14.0
ISO
21.0
4.0
II. 6
14.0
- 0.8
19.0
9.0
6.0
14.2
16.8
26.0
26.0
27.2
26.0
1
18.0
10. 0
2.8
9.0
23.0
25.0
22. s
i
1
10.8
8.0
1
8.0
4.0
9.0
13.0
1
II. 2
10. 0
19. s
8.0
8.0
9-7
7.0
30
12.8
"2.5
4.0
30
— 7.0
-12. s
30
7.0
- >S
1
12. s
S-2
* Minimum included in meftn.
412
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXIX. — ///>/</, wftjtJier, lijfs, &'i,, Fort Conger to Camp Clay, 1883.
I I
Position.
Fort Conger
Cape Haird .
Cape I)esfosses
Near Cape Hack
80° 42' N
80° 44' N., 68° W .
80° 44' N., 68" W.
Hate.
80° 44' N., 68" W .
80° 44' N., 68° W.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Auij.
Aug.
.•i..g.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
1 a. ni.
2 a. m.
3 a- !"■
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. Ill
8 a. ni.
9 a. in.
10 a. ui.
9, 1 1 n. m.
9, 12 uiion.
9, 1 p. m.
2 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. lu.
Wind.
Movement of
ice pack.
SK., 5 miles. .
E., 3 miles . ..
SK., 6 miles..
SE., 9 miles. .
SE., S miles. .
SK., 2 miles. .
SI".., 2 miles..
S\V., 2 miles .
....do
S.,6 miles ..
S\V.,4 miles
S.,4 miles ...
S., gentle
9.
o,
o>
I . ....
2
3
4
5, 9 a. m.
5, 10 a. m.
5, II a. m.
5, 12 noon
S. • P- 1".
2 p. m.
3 !•■ 1".
4 p. m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
7 p. m.
8 p. m.
5, II p. m.
5, 12 mdt.
6, I a. m.
6, 2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
6, 10 a. m.
6, 1 1 a. m.
6, 12 noon
6, I p. m.
2 p. m.
3 p.m.
4 p. m.
5 P "I-
6 p. m.
7 |). m.
6, 8 p. m.
6, 9 p.m.
6, 10 p. m.
6, 1 1 p. m.
6, 12 mdt.
7, I a. ni.
7, 2 a. m. !
7. 3 ■">• '»■ I
7. 4.i.m. I
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m. !
8 a. m. I
9 a. m. j
7, lo a. m. I
7, II a.m.
NE., light.
E., light...
NE., brisk.
.-.-do
-.-do
...do
...do.
-.-do-
...do
...do.
.--.do.
...do.
...do.
...do.
...do
...do... .
...do
.-.do
....do
N., brisk . .
...do
NK., brisk.
...do
...do.--
...do...
...do...
...do...
...do...
NE., brisk....
...do
NE., high
...do..
NE., brisk
...do .-
Sr.
Sr.
Sr.
S"--
S".
Si.
(?)
Si..
Si..
Si..
s« . . .
Quiet .
S- . . . .
Quiet .
Quiet .
Quiet .
Quiet .
Quiet .
Si....
Si....
Quiet .
Quiet .
S« . . .
Si
NE., brisk.
....do
....do
...do
...do
...do
...do
...do
...do
NE., fresh.
...do
K., light...
...do
...do ....
NW., light.
S«.
S'.
S".
(^)uiet .
N» ...
N" ...
S' . . . .
S'....
S" - _ .
S'...
S'.. .
S'.
sv
Weather.
Remarks.
Cloudy.
....do..
....do..
do.
do
...do ...
--.do
. ..<lo
Heavy snow
...do
....<lo.
(."loudy.
..-.do
Cloudy.
...do..
Clear .
..do.
Eair . .
...do
...do.
...do.
...do..
...do..
...do
Cloudy.
. . do
... do..
. -do..
...do..
.do.
.do.
.do.
do.
Snow .
...do.
....do.
Cloudy.
...do..
...do..
...do..
...do..
Cloudy.
...do..
...do..
..do..
...do..
...do..
Cloudy.
...do..
...do..
...do..
Snow . .
...do..
...do..
...do.-
...do..
..-.do..
...do..
Cloudy -
...do..
Fair . . .
Clear..
Snow from 12.45 ^- "i- ''" after 8 a. m.
Wind NE. since evening of I3lh.
Low water at 2.40 p. m. ;
8.4s p. m.
high water at
.■!■
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXIX. — IVi/itf, wfathir, tides, b'c, Fort Conger to Camp Clay, i8i'^ — Continued.
413
Position.
80° 44' N., 680 W..
80° 44' N., 68° VV
80° 44' N., 68° W
Wind.
80° 44' N., 68° W
8oON.,7i° W
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
1 2 uoon.
1 p. m.
2 p. ni.
3 P- "'•
4 p. ni.
5 1>- "I-
6 p. Ml.
7 p. Ul.
8 p. Ul.
() p. Ul.
10 p. 111.
1 1 p. Ill
17, 12 uult.
18,
18.
18,
18,
18,
>9.
'9.
19.
"9.
<9.
19.
20,
20,
20,
20,
20,
20,
20,
20,
1 a. 111.
2 a. 111.
3 a. in.
4 a. 111.
5 a. Ul.
6 a. in.
7 a. Ml.
9 a. ni.
10 a. m.
18, II a. 111.
1 8, 12 noun.
18, I ". ni.
18, 2\i.m.
i 1>- "'•
4 p, in.
5 p. in.
6 p. ni.
7 |). in.
18, 8 p.m.
19, sa. in.
6 a. ni.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
10 a. in.
12 iiuon.
2 p. in.
19, 3 p. in.
19, 4 p. in.
19, 5 p.m.
19, 8 p. 111.
19, 9 p. in.
19, 10 p. m.
19, II p.m.
19, 12 null.
20, I a. ni.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m. !
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
20, 1 1 a. m.
20, 12 noon.
20, I p. in.
20, 2 p. m.
20, 4 p. in.
20, 6 p. m.
20, 7 p. m.
20, 8 p. m.
20, 9 ]>. in.
20, 10 p. m.
20, 1 1 p. m.
21, 2 a. m.
21, 3 a. in.
N\V., light
Ni:., light
...do
Calm
NK., light
....<lo
....do
NIC, fresh ,
K., light
....do
S., light....
NK, light
Calm .
S\V., light
....do
Calm
S.,liglit
...do
SVV., light
....do....
....do
Slv, light
Calm
....do
....do.
.SK., lirLsk
...do
S\V., brisk
....do
SW., fresh
K.,Iighl
NW., light
NI-:., light
Calm
NK., light
SK., liggt
SVV., light
NK., light
SW., light
....do
Movement of
ice pack.
N«
N-
N"
N-
(,)uiet
S»
s»
s»
s»
S"
«,)uit;t
N" ._ ...
N.. . .
N_._ ..
N'
Nf
N'
N'
N-
N.
S»
S«
N" . ..
N"
N»
Nr
Ni- ....
N'
N'
N
N-
S"
(Juiet
(^)uiet
(Juict
(^)ui<-t
Quiet
N» _
Nr
N"- _
Weather.
Remarks.
SW
SW., light .
.....do
Calm
....do
...do
._..do
....do
W., light..
N., light...
SW., light .
...do
SW., fresh.
SW., brisk.
....do
SW., fresh.
SW., light .
W., light . .
.. .do
.._.do
SW., light _
do
....do
....do
...do
...do
Calm
SW., light .
N* .
SW
SW.
N..
Nr .
Nr .
Nr _
Nr .
N' .
N' .
N' .
N*
Nf
N-
N*
N'
Si.
S«.
S«.
N'
Nr
Cloudy..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
Kair . .
Cloudy.
....do.
do
. ..do
..-_do .
Clear _ .
...do.
Fair . . .
...do..
...do..
Snow _
....do.
...do..
...do..
....do.
....do
....do..
....do..
....do..
....do.-
....do..
....do._
....do.-
....do
....do .
Cloudy.
do..
....do..
Fair
-...do..
....do..
....do..
....do..
Cloudy.
...do..
...do..
...do..
Fair . . .
...do..
Cloudy.
Foggy .
Clear . .
....do..
Fair . .
...do.
...do.
....do..
....do..
Cloudy.
....do..
....do.
Foggy
...-do.
Cloudy.
....do..
....do_-
...do.
Foggy
....do.
...do.
...do.
Low water, 4.41
p. m.
•i."!. ■ high water, 4.55
Low water, 5.05 a. m. ; high water, 11.30
p. m.
High water, I2'.ioon; lowwater, 6 13 p.m.
il
I
I I
' M;
ill;
il
I 'i
H
krl
» : !
414
THK LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table ("LXXIX. — ///>/(/, jc^eather, tides, isi'c , l'\»t Con^^er to Camp Clay, 1883 — Continued.
8o<>N.,7|OW
80° N., 71° VV
79° 51' N ...
79° 5'' N
Five miles west of Cape Louis
Napoleon.
Cape Louis Napoleon
79° 22' N., 73° W
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
I AuR.
Aug.
Aug.
Aui
Auk
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
21. 4
21. 5
21, 6
2'. 7
21, 9
21, 12
21, I
71, 7
•■. «
ai. to
31
21
22
22
22
22
22
22
22,
22
22
22
22
23
23
23
23
23
23
23
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
2S
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
26,
26,
26
26
26
26
26
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
27
m. '
a. ni.
a. ni.
a. m. '
a. m. I
noon,
p. ni I
p. m. I
p. ni
P'', .
!•■ "'■
ft.. I'
noon,
p. ni.
p. m.
\i. m,
p. m.
\i. in.
p. ni.
p. ni.
mdt.
a. ni.
a. m.
a. in.
a. in.
a. ni.
a. in.
a. in.
a. in.
a. in.
a. in.
noon,
p. in.
p. ni.
p. nv
p. in.
p. in.
null,
a. in.
a. in.
a. m.
a. m.
a. ni.
a. ni.
noon.;
ji. 111. !
p. 111.
a. ni. ;
a. m. I
a. 111. I
a. ni.
a. 111. ,
p. m.
mdl.
a. ni.
a. in.
a. in.
a. ni.
a. in.
a. in.
a. m.
a. ni.
a. in.
noon,
p. m.
p. in.
Calm
....do
do
NW., light
SW., light
...do
SW., 'resh
^'V., l;:ht
do ...
■iW., lesii
r-.'A
■ to
St.., Trenh .
.SW., ii.,-,v
...do ....
. .do
....do
SW., light
do
__.do
...do
....do
SW., fresh
.do
do
....do
Calm .
S., fresh. . .
SW., light.
Calm
XE., light
. ..do
N., light.
Calm
do
.. ..do
.. do
SW., light
NW., light
...do
SW., fresh
SW ., light .
W., light . .
SW., light
SW., fresh.
...do
....do
SW., light.
SW . fresh.
. .do . .
SW., light
do....
NK., light.
-.do .....
SW., fresh
SW., light
. do . .
.do
NW., light.
do
do
N., light .
NK., light .
...do ...
Calm
N., light . .
Calm
...do
Movement of
ice pack.
Weather.
N'
N'
N'
(,)uiet
SW
SW'
Nl>
NF.«
M-:'
SW*
N
N
NE.
NE.
NE
SW
NH"..
N ■(•:•..
NF.' .
S'...
S'...
S"
N .
N- ..
N* ..
N' . .
N' ..
Ni .
N...
NK
sr
S'. .
S'...
S'...
S'...
S'...
S"
N...
N« ..
N' ..
N« ..
N" .
NE» .
N- ..
N« .
N- ..
N» ..
N- ...
N* ..
N" -
W ..
S«.
NK
NE
S..
s.
s.
I
cloudy
... .do
Snow
..-.do....
....do...
...-do. _.
...do. ..
...do...
....do. ...
....do....
Foggy . .
....do...
..-.do....
...do....
.-..do---.
...-do...
....do...
.-..do...-
..--do
.-..do...
...-do....
....do...
....do ...
..-do....
--do...
Fair
---do-.-.
...do....
.-..do..-.
Clear . .
....do. .--
.-..do...
do....
Foggy .
....do ...
....do .
.-.do
...-do --.
-..do-...
Kemarkn.
foggy
Cloudy -
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
...do
.-.do
-..-do
....do-
.-.-do
. ..do
....do-
do
....do
...do
.-.do
do Low water, 7. .(5 p.m.
do
..-.do
.-..do
....do.-
Snow
... do
.-.do
- do
....do
...do
High water, 1.45 a. in. ar.i 2.15 p. m.
Low water, 8.40 a. m.
High water, 3.35 a. m.
TUK LAUY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
415
< 'I
Table CLXXIX.— /F<W, weather, tides, b'c, Fort Conger to Camp Clay, 1883— Continued.
P >sition.
79<» 2a' N., • ' W
79° 23' N., 73° IS' W
79° 33' N., 73- «S' W
79» 2J' N., 730 lo' W
Date.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
3pm.
4 p. m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p. m.
11 p.m.
12 mdt.
1 a.m.
2 a.m.
3 a.m.
4 a. m.
5 a.m.
6 a. m.
7 a.m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
12 noon.
1 p. p
2 p. I...
3Pn-
4pui
Sp..
6 p.
7p.n.
8 p. m.
9 p.m.
10 p.m.
11 p. m.
12 mdt.
1 a.m.
2 a.m.
3 a.m.
4 a.m.
5 a.m.
6 a.m.
8 a. m.
9 a.m.
10 a.m.
11 a.m.
12 noon.
1 p.m.
2 p. m.
3pm.
4 p.m.
5 p.m.
6 p.m.
7 p.m.
8 p. m.
9 p. m.
10 p.m.
1 1 p. m.
12 mdt.
1 a. m.
2 a.m.
3 a.m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a.m.
7 a.m.
8 a. m.
9 a.m.
10 a. m.
11 a. m.
12 noon.
I p. m
Wind.
SW.. light .
Calm
....do
SW. .
Calm .
....do.
NW., light.
Calm
SW., light ^
NW., light.
....do
Calm ...
...do...
...do.
S., light .
Ca'.
do.
do...
.q;
do
W., iight .
Calm
F , light.
Calm ...
...do...
.do.
.do.
-do.
W., light
N., light .
Calm
...do....
.do
.do
.do
...do
W., light .
...do
SW., light .
Calm
SW., light .
Calm
SW., light .
...do
Calm .
...do.
...do.
-do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
-do.
...do...
S., light .
Calm ...
...do_.
...do
...do
SW., light .
...do
...do.
Calm .
...do.
Movement of
I ice pack.
Wt
Fogs;
...do.
fair . .
Clear .
...do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
...do..
...do .
Cloudy.
...do..
.do.
-do.
.do.
...do..
...do..
Fair . . .
Cloudy.
Fair . . .
Clear . .
...do
...do..
Fair . .
...do.
Clear .
Fair . .
...do.
Cloudy.
...do..
...do..
.do.
.do-
.do.
...do.,
.--do..
...do..
...do.-
...do..
.do-
.do.
-do.
.do.
.do.
-do-
...do.
...do-
...do.
Fair . .
.-.do-
.do-
do.
-do.
Clear -
....do-
...do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
Fair . .
...-do.
Clear .
... do.
Fair . .
....do.
Clear .
....do-
....do-
Kemarks.
!'
i
I <
[i ■
■I 1
hi I 1
"' JU
416
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXIX. — Wim/, uuather, tUes, M,, J'ort Conger to Camp Clay, 1883 — Continued.
I'dhition.
79° 22' N., 7,)° 10' W
79» 22' N., 73° 30' W
i^f 19' N., n" 45' w - .
79° "9' N-. 73° 4S' W .
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Aug.
Sept.
.Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept
Sept.
Sept.
Dat
TinO LADY KKANKMN HAY KX I'KDITION.
Tahle CLXXIX. — ll'i»J, Wfiit/iet; ti,/es, vlT., /•<'// i'n/ixi/- /,> C<i/fi/> C'/<iv, 1S8.5 — C'tmtiiuied.
417
Position.
79° "/ N., 73° 45' W
7</i5'N.,74»W
79° 15' N., 74° W.
79''6'N.,74''W.
B. Mis. 393, pt 2
Date.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
.Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
.Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
.Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Seirt.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Wind.
12 noun. I t aim
1 p. m. I SW., llKht .
2 p. ni. . do
31). ni. j W.,li«ht._
4 p. in. [ do
5 p. m. SW., liyht
f) p. m. SW., fjentlc.
7 p ni. SK
8 p. ni. . _. .do.
9 p. m.
10 p. m.
12 iikU.
1 a. ni.
2 a. m.
3 a.m.
4 a. m.
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a.m.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
to a. ni.
1 1 a. ni.
12 noon.
1 p. ni.
2 p. in.
3 p. m.
4 p. in.
5 p. m.
6 p. in.
7 p. m.
8 p. ni.
9 p. m.
10 p. ni.
11 p. m.
12 indt.
1 a. m.
2 a. m.
3 a. m.
4 a. ni .
5 a. m.
6 a. m.
7 a. m.
8 a. m.
9 a. in.
10 a. m.
11 a. m.
12 noon,
I p. m.
2 p. m.
3 P- 111-
4 p. m.
5 P- m.
7 p.m.
8 p. ni.
1 2 mdt.
1 a. in.
2 a. m.
3 a. in.
4 a. m.
5 a. 111.
6 a. m.
7 a. ni.
.do
SK.,liKhl ...
r;.,iini.t ...
SE., litht ...
...do
...do
.do.
Calm .
...do.
.do
.. . (1(1
Nl-;.,l.i;hl...
Calm . .
...do
NK., light...
Calm . _
...do
.do.
.do.
.do.
N., light...
Calm
NK., light.
...do
Calm .
...do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
-do.
-do.
.do.
W., light .
Calm
...do...
SW., light .
...do
....do.
Calm .
....do.
.do.
...do
...do
...do
NW, light.
...do
Calm
...do
NW., light
...do
...do
8 a. in. do.
a. m. i do
Movi'inciil of I
ice pack.
Weather.
Cjcnidy .
do. .
..do.
..do.
..do.
..do.
do
.do.
.do.
.do.
do.
.do
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
-do.
.do.
do.
.do.
...do.
...do.
do.
do.
.do.
do.
Fair ...
Cloudy .
...do..
.do.
...do.
Foggy
...do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
..do..
Cloudy .
...do..
.do.
do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.(to.
.do.
KemarkB.
Light .snow .
...do ,
...do
:il!'
do.
...do
...do
Cloudy
Light snow
Cloudy
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
Fair ..
....do.
loa. m. I N., light _ L. I do.
1 1 a. 111. Calm . ..! I Clo^ir .
l2noon.; do ! ' ' ■.
I p.m. I do ; I do.
! I
— f>7
418
TUE LADY FUANKIilN HAY EXPEDITION.
-i
rii>ilii.n.
I'aiii,k CLXXIX.— ////;./, uuiUhtr, tUts, v>*-., /'ort Cotii^ir to Gimp day, i««j— Contiiiucil.
Movenicnlof
7,,»6'N.. 74°W.
70" ^,74'45'^V.
79'N,74''4S''W....
79»N.,74''4S'W.
! I
Diile.
Sapt.
Sept.
Scpl.
Sept.
Si'pl.
Si'pl.
Sept.
Scpl.
Si'pl.
Sipl.
Sept.
Sfpl.
Sq.l.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
S,-pt.
Sept,
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept,
Sept.
Sept,
Sept,
Sept.
Sept,
Sept,
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
.Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept,
Sept,
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept,
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept,
Sept,
Sept.
.Sept,
.Sept.
Sept,
Sept,
Sept.
Sept.
5.
S.
5.
5.
5.
.S.
5.
5.
2 p. ni.
J p. 111.
4 p. 111.
5 p.m.
(i p. Ill,
7 p. Ill,
8 p. Ill,
() p, 11.
S, lop. 111.
5, 1 1 p. HI.
S, 12 lllllt.
ii, I a. Ill,
(I, 2 n. 111.
3 a. 111.
4 a 111 ,
5 a. Ill,
(1 a. Ill,
Will.!,
SW„ liuht
W,. liRhl
S\V..liKlil
S..liKlit
S\V,, liulil
<lo
S\V., fresh
SW.Jinht
SVV., frenli.
.do
7 n. 111.
8 a. 111.
^1,
6.
f).
('.
<|.
(1,
li, 9 a, 111,
(i, 10 a. 111. I
(), 1 1 n. 111.
ti, 12 iioim.
6, I p. m. I
2 p. 111.
3 p.m.
4 p. 111.
5 p. 111. I
6 p. 111. I
7p, in,
8p, 111,
9 p.m.
lop. Ill,
1 1 p. Ill,
f'l, 12 niilt. I
7, I a. Ill,
2 a. 111, I
3 ^- "'■ !
4 a.m. I
5 .\. Ill,
6 a. 111.
7 a. 111,
Ha. 111.
9 a. 111.
10 a. 111.
1 1 a. Ml ,
6,
6,
f>.
(•>,
(>.
fi.
<|.
i>.
I'.
do
..d.-.
N., light ..
Calm
. do
SK.. light..
do
S\V., light.
do...
Calm
. (In....
NK.. fresh.
NE., light
N
...do
NW.. fresh
N., fresh ..
do
NW,. fresh
do
.do
...do
NW,. gale
...do
NW.,high
NE.. high .
...do
..do
.do
7, 1 2 noon. I
1 p. 111.
2 p. 111.
3p, m,
4 p. in.
Sp. m,
6 p. 111.
7 p, m.
8 p, m.
9 p. m.
lop. m.
1 1 p. ni.
12 iiidt,
1 a. in.
2 a, in,
3 a, ni,
4 a. 111. I
5 a, m.
6 a, m. I
7 a. m. [
8 a. m.
9 a. 111.
10 a. ni.
(to
.do
. do
..do
do ....
N„ brisk ..
...do.*....
N.. fre.sh
N., gentle
N,, light ..
NE., fresh
Calm
...do
SE,, light
Calm
...do...
...do
SW., light .
Calm
SW., light .
. .do
Calm .
...do
SW., light .
NE., light
. . do
..do
Calm
ice pack.
Weather.
('Ie«r .
...do.
.do.
-do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
do.
lie.
do
Cloudy
.. .do
Light 8I10W .
....do
....do
....do
Cloudy
....do
...do..
...do..
Fair . .
Cloudy .
....do..
Cloudy..
keiihiikN
.do
.<lo
.do
.do
do
,...do
Light snow .
j Light snow .
. .. <lo
Cloudy
I Light snow .
Clouily ....
...do ,
....do..
..-.do..
Fair
....do..
....do .
Cloudy.
Fair ...
..-.do..
— I
.do.
.do.
.do.
....do
do.
Clear
....do.
do.
.do
.do.
.do.
,do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
-do.
.do.
.do.
-do.
.do.
^^
TUK LADY FilANKLlN BAY EXTKUITION.
Taiii.k ('I, XXIX. — IHui/, unifAfr, fii/rs, >>c., Fnft Conf^er to Camp Clay, 1883 — Cnntinucd.
419
Poiition.
79" N.. 74° 45' W .
7/N.,74<'4S'W
79» N., 74° 4S' W...
78° so' N., 74° 45' W .
78° 58' N., 73° 45' W .
78° 56' N .
78° 55' N
Date.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
.Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
.Sept.
Sept,
liept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
.Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
.Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
.Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
S, II n. III.
M, I J noDii.
8, I p. Ill
2 p. Ml.
J 1'. I"
4 p. Ill
5 I'"'
6 p. 111.
7 p. 111.
8, 8 p. 111.
8, 9|i. 111.
8, 10 p. III.
8, II p. 111.
8, 12 null.
9, I a. ni.
2 It
3«
4a
8.
8,
8,
8,
8,
8,
111.
111.
III.
5 a. III.
6 a 111.
7 a. 111.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m.
11 a. ni.
12 nuon.
1 p. m.
2 p. 111.
3 P "1.
4 p. 111.
5 p. 111.
6 p. 111.
7 p. 111.
8 p. 111.
9 p. 111.
lop. 111.
11 p. 111.
12 melt.
1 a. 111.
2 a. ni.
3 a. 111.
4 a. m.
5 a. 111.
6n. in.
7 a. 111.
da. 111.
9 a. 111.
10, 10 a. m.
10, II .1. m.
10, 1 2 noun
10, I p. 111.
11, Sn. m.
II, I p. m.
11, 2 p.m.
12, 8 a.m.
12, 9 a.m.
12, 10 a. m.
12, II a. m.
12, 1 2 noon.
12, I p. m.
7 p. m.
7 a. 111.
2 p. 111.
3 p. "1.
7 a. m.
14, II a. m.
14, I p. m.
14, 6 p. 111.
14, 7 p.m.
Wilul.
C»lm
.lo ..
<lo ..
(lo _ .
<lo ..
N\V., liBht ,
.. <lo
Calm
....do.
...do.
N\V.,linlit..
..(I.>
Calm
NW., llBht .
Ci.iin
NVV., li(;ht .
SK., Iii;lit ..
Calm ... . ..
N .liijlit....
N., gentle ..
NK., gentle .
NVV„ fresh .
....do
...do
...do
NW.. brisk
...do
...do..
...do
NW., fresh .
NW., light...
...do
...do
N., gentle ..
NK., gentle .
N., gentle ..
,.. do
NW.. fresh ,
...do
NW.. light.
...do
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
do.
.do.
12.
>3.
«3.
>3.
14.
N., fresh ..
NW.. fresh
do
...do
N.. fresh ..
W., light...
SW., light.
N., light ..
.do.
Calm .
NW., light...
t.'alm . . .
NW.. fresh .
NW., light...
...do.. _
Nl-:..l,.-it. ..
....do
NW.. .'ertlo
SE.,ti;4ht...
NE., sipiil .. .
SW.,lui.h...
SW..'.risk..
Movement of
ice pack.
Weather.
Clear ...
...do...
...do...
Koir . . .
...do...
Cloudy.
do. .
....do..
...do
....d.)
Koir
. . ..do ...
Cloudy
...do
Cloudy
... do
Light snow .
....do
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
Keinarkx.
do.
.do.
do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
...do
...do
Heavy snow
Light snow .
...do
.do.
.do.
.do.
...do..
Cloudy.
...do.
....do..
Fair ..
Cloudy.
. do..
...do..
. nir
L oudy
do
..do
lair
Light snow
Cloudy
...do.
•fli
I ,
V -w
il.,.!!l
;'! .
iMi
III-
^l!"
I
Hi
I I
^1
420 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAx EXPEDITION.
Tahi.e CLXXIX. — ]l'inii, jvealhir, tiiiis, C^i., Fort Concerto Camp Clay, 1883 — Continued.
7,s° 55' N
79" 01' N
79' N ._
1
Near Cajie Sabine
Near Ca|)0 Sabine
Near Cape Sabine .
N*ar tape Saliiiie .
I
Near Cape Sabine
Near Cape Sal)inc
Near Cape ;■ bine
Near Capo Sabine
Near Cape Sabine
78° 2S' N., 75° 20' \V . .
78° 28' N , 75° 20' \V
78° 28' N., 75° 20' \V . ..
78° 28' N., 75'^ 20' W . ..
78° 28' N., 75° 20' W
78° 30' N., 75' 20' W
78° 30' N.,
78° 30' N.,
78° V N.,
78° 30' N ,
20' \V
75° 20' w
w
w.
/.I
75 -o
-.0 -y,-.t
78° 30' N., 75° 20' W .
78° 30' N., 75° 20' \V
78^ 30' N., 75° 20' \V
78° 30' N., 75° 20' W
78° 30' N., 75° 20' \V
78° 30' N., 75° 20' W .
78° 48' N., 74° 40' W
78° 48' N., 74° 40' W .
78° 46' N., 74* 20' W .
Sepl.
Stpt.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
.Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
S.pt.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Sept.
Oct.
(let.
Oct.
Oct.
( )ct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Gel.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Oci.
14. 10 p. m.
15. 7I>''-
16. 10 a. ni. '
Id, 12 nuon.
16, I p. in
16, 2p, m. I
16, 4 p. m.
:6, 8 p.m.
17, 1 1 a. m. ;
17,12 noon I
18, 0 a. ni.
19, 8 p. m. j
20, I o a . ni . ;
20, 12 noon. I
20, I p. ni.
20, 2 p. ni.
20, 4 p. ni.
21, 9 a. m. I
21, 10 a. m.
21, 1 1 a. n).
21,12 nuon
21, 3 p. m.
22, 4 p. m.
23, 12 noon.
24, 9 n. m. I
24, 1 1 a. m.
24, 2 p.m.
25, 10 a. m. ]
25, 12 noon.'
25, 8 p.m.'
26 '
27
28.... ...
29, 9 a. r 1
30, 1 1 a, m
30, 2 1/. m
I, o a. m
I, 6 p. m
2 ..
3 —
4.
5.
5.
6,
7.
Win-'
NK., high .
S., light...
t 'ahn
do
Movement of
ice pack.
lo
(U) ..
S\V., light .
Calm
.__clo
Weather.
Light snow
Cloudy
Fair
..do
S\V., light..
Calm
N\V., gentle
S\V., fresh..
NW., fresh..
N , fresh ...
...do
...do.
....do.
Clear .
....do
...do.
..do.
Calm .
...do.
SE., light..
E., light...
Calm ... .
N., light...
NE.,freih.
NW., light.
._..d.<
...do
NE., brisk.
...do
...do
....do
....do
Fair
Light fog; clondy
Cloudy
I'""KBy
...do
NK., high
.. do
Light snow
... do
....do
.. ,do
...do
Cloudy
Light snow
Cloudy
.....do
...do
do
.do.
.do.
Remarks.
Calm
SW., fresh.
SW., light .
S.. brisk...
•SW., brisk.
5 P- '"•
9 n. m. !
1 p. m.
2 p. in.
9a.m.
8, 10 a. m.
8, 3 p.m.
9, 9 a. 111.
5 !'■ 11.
9 a. 111.
6 a. m.
6 a. m.
N., light
Calm ..
....do
NW
SW., light...
SW
NW., light..
Calm .. .
W.. light
NW., light....
Calm
....do...
Clear ..
Fair . .
Cloudy.
...do.
...do..
Viiilent NW. gale all day.
.1 Do.
High NW. wind ; clear.
Fair .
( loudy. ..
...lo'.....
...do
. ..do
...do
...do
...do
Fair .
Light snow
Fair .
Clear
i Calm and cloudy.
Cloudy ; occasional snow ; light N. wind.
6a.m. SW.Jight ,
I
Cloudy.
Cloudy, with occasional snow.
0m
■ : .!
i: VH
I'i
1 1
I I
i
il ■ n
n. ' !
li
422
THE LADY FKAMKLIN BAY EXi'EDlTlOJS.
Table CLXXX. — Barometric readings at Camp Clay, Ellesmere Land.
(Observations reduced for temperalure and elevation.)
0 = + 78° 54' X .-^ ohoiil ~- 74° 30'
Date.
1
October, 1883.
means.
November, 1883.
]
7 a. m.
39.000 4-
II a. m.
7 p. m.
iJaily
7 a. ni.
1 1 a. m.
39.0004-
3 p. m.
7 p. m.
Daily
Inches.
means.
3 P- '"•
Inches.
sg.coo-f-
Millimeters.
700 -f-
Millimeters.
39.000 -f
39.000 +
39 000 -+-
. 700
.740
. 700
. 640
• 630
.629
.778
■843
1.061
1.042
•923
.782
.687
■ 636
. fii 1
■093
,617
■ 430
■ 484
.868
.991
■979
■893
1,020
1. 1<(5
'•273
I. 415
.859
■730
.613
39. 000 4-
39.0004-
39.000+ j 7oo-f
. 7000 1 Cd. in
I
i
2 ...
3 . . ..
,__- J
.7400
. 7000
. 6400
■6473
.6875
. 7S90
'. 887 \
55^ 38
54^ 37
52.84
53^ 02
54^05
56. 63
CO. 12
4 -
5
.690
. 676
.785
■89!
I. 101
. 92S
.850
.S15
.490
. 6.S9
•74S
.160
.5S1
. 420
. 624
'".'622""
.718
.804
. 026
■727
6. 1
7
8
9 .1 ! ;_.__ _J
I. 141 I. 189
. S90
.843 .812
.82!
.S5-'
.73:!
.7'9
■337
.514
■3.i8 ---
.653
.968
.995
.899
.920
' 05' -
1.329 ,
1 . 406 - - -
1.1230^ 65.11
.9533 1 to. 80
■ 8570 ; 58. 36
.8067 ; 57.07
■5757 5^2o
.6857 j 54,00
.6967 54.27
. 1967 41. 56
.5707 CI. 00
10
: 1 :
II . ...
1 1 ' 1
12 .
' 1 ! i
I T, .
1
14
.5.-;-:---
16.. ...
17
18
■ 3960
.5870
.91S0
■ 9957
46. 64
S'5o
59.90
61.67
19 .
20 . _.
21
I. 001
■934
.918
I. 019
I. 200
'■315
I. 316
. 760
.776
■575
22
1
•9373 i ^■39
. 9103 1 CO. 70
23 _.
24
1.0300
!■ 2413
'■33 "3
1. 3563
. 8095
.7560
■5590
62.75
68.11
70.40
71.03
.'^7^"5
55^79
50.79
25
26...
■ 850
1.080
.gio"
I. 060
.840
.850
.850
I . o()5
. 900
'■045
■ 855
•83s
58. 18
63.64
59^ 45
63^i3
58.31
57.80
27
1.050
.880
1. 030
.870
.820
'•338
28..
29
.910
.762
.489
w
Means, inches .
. 8106
57^ 17
.8311
57.70
.8028
7955
56.79
Means, milli-
meters, 700 -|-
1
56^97
o A. aoon.
! ill
( .*El ; [i
m
THE LADY I'HANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
423
• •235
1.096
'•392
.972
.520
•547
.502
•752
•95°
.864
•929
S.047
.781
.907
1. 160
• 834
.461
'•034
•973
.956
.940
•693
.809
•77«
• 851
I. 227
1.063
1. 1.48
1.064
1.090
.9189
59.91
.489
I. 182
1.506
•839
•548
.528
1.050
.831
•937
.851
.826
1.086
.937
.8S0
I. 162
.661
•439
1.095
.740
•753
.556
•740
.728
•727
•835
1.297
I. 206
1.079
I. 108
•963
I. Ill
.8932
59^ 27
TabiIl CLXXX. — Baiviiit-trii naiiini^s dt Camp CUiy. /■'J/rsiiirir l.anj.
(( )l)sLTvaliiiiis rucliiced for H'm|icraUiiL' ami rlcMiliun.)
</. , 78° 54' >. -iln'fl -74",io'
December, 1883.
.579
I. 123
1-235
.660
•578
.940
1.058
1 . 203
. 906
.850
.819
1. 019
• S50
95"
'• '39
.528
•489
•599
.6<)i
.817
•535
•736
•783
•979
1.282
I. 181
1.085
•983
I. 213
.8900
59.19
D.iily means.
3 )). 111. I 7 ]), m.
Inches.
Millimeters.
29.000-}- 39.000 -f- ag.ooo-f- j 7>>o -f-
343
•7677
I. '337
1.3777
•8237
.5487
.6717
,8700
• 9287
.9310
•8550
.8580
1.0507
.8560
.9127
"•'537
■59"S
.4630
•9093
• 8013
. S420
.6770
•7230
• 7f'85
• 7<^io3
. S883
1.2895
1.2047
1. 0710
'•"37
'•0033
I. 1380
. 9027
56. 08
f>5- 39
71.58
57.5'
50.5'
53^64
58. 68
60. 16
60. 24
58.3'
58.38
63- 27
58.3'
59.76
f'S. 89
51.(1.
48.35
59.68
56. 94
57.97
53^ 78
54. 95
56. 10
55^ 89
59. 14
(''9. 34
67. 18
<'3. 79
64. 87
()2. 07
('5. 49
59. 5'
January, 1884.
7 a. m.
Hailv mcaii^.
1 1 a. m. ! 3 p. m. ; 7 p. m.
29.0OO-|- 'Jl/.tKMJ-f-
1.647
1.758
I. 651
I. 114
.605
1.705
'•637
.241
.070
.141
.964
1.062
.565
.581
•873
I. 017
.781
•557
•552
•54'
• f'95
•957
.967
• 93^'
. 988
.896
.896
. 89 2
•894
•895
•750
•547
• 8334
57-75
1.066
■634
•794
.291
(28.934)
. 400
1.057
1. 004
•594
.''30
.95'
1.047
. 699
-552
.496
-585 !
-751
1.052 .
'-033
- 837
- 959
,936 ,
.841
.9'9
. 1)84
..'<95
• 6()3
• 529 1
8158
57.30
1 +
Inches.
I
Millimeters.'
I. 506
1.566
- 999
. 500
.263
(28.944)
I. 240
-749
.596
.1)07
•055
.615
.611
""■.887'
1.044
• 942
I . o()5
.918
.895
.810
. 8(12
•937
• 990
•579
.488
.8387
29.0004- [ 700 4' ^
1. 6760
79.15
I
'•6337
78. 08 -
2
1.6085
77^ 44
3
1.0597
6350
4
• 5797
5'3o
5
• 7940
5<'- 75
0
• 2650
43^ 32
7
(28.9827)
36.14
8
.2705
43-45
9
1.0870
64. 20
10
• 9383
60. 4 1
1 1
■5850
5'^45
12
.6055
5'^97
13
.9103
59.70
14
'•0397
62. 99
15
• f'983
54^3'
III
• 5733
5> '4
17
• 524"
49. 89
iS
• 5630
50. 89
19
•7777
56- ii
20
10177
62. 43
21
. 9807
61.49
22
.9460
60.61
2i
- 9550
fo. 85
24
. 9090
59- <'8
25
.8490
58.. s
26
.8910
59.22
27
.9383
(>o. 411
28
.9267
60. II
29
. 6640
53-45
.?o
•52'3
49.82
3'
•'^313'
r-r.
; i
I!!'
j '
57 78
57.70
si
II
424
Dote.
I
2 _
3
4 -
5-
6
7---
8
9
lo
II
12
'3 -
>4---
'S -
i6
17
i8
'9 - --
20 ._
21
22
23
24
25 -- ---
26
27
28
29
3°---- -
31
THE LAI A' FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
T.\nLE t'LXXX. — Bivoiiiftrk readings: at Camp Clay, F.llesmcre Laiul — Continued.
(Observations rciluced luv Icmpcraluri' and elevation.)
^ = +87° 54' \ iibout -" 740 30'
February, 18S4.
29.000-!-
.383
•307
.388
■750
•944
■949
• 850
• 79X
■ 94f<
•913
.678
. 628
•750
.606
.105
. 568
•253
• 375
•525
.677
• J57
•370
•951
.958
•354
•793
.889
.790
•893
Meatis, inches..
i
Means in milli- I
meters, 700+ ;
.702
54.42
3 !'• '"•
Daily means.
Inches. iMilliineters.
March, 1884.
7 a. m.
3 !>• m.
Daily means.
7 p. ni.
Inches. Millimeters
29.000-f-
a().Qo34-
iQ.OOO f-
700 -f-
.278
1 88
•443
523
•3-^S ,
419
•733 ■
721
•95'
938
•933
867
•949
944
•7('3
871
• 992 I
057
.817
752
. 690
683
■754
772
. 754 i
.761
8?6
1. 120 I
o.iS
•573
449
• 290 1
284
•435 1
500
■533 1
b49
.882
955
• 904 :
751
• 385 '
37' >
1. 022 I
094
• 789 ,
7.?9
.247 1
'72
■737
90s
.826 !
S07
• 803
754
•9.!S ■
954
.283
.424
• 385
•735
•944
. 916
.914
.811
•999 '
•827 i
.684 i
.718 i
•752 !
•734
1.107
• 530
.276
■457
■ 5f'9
• 838
.871 ;
•378'
1.022
.829
. 291
.812
.841
.782
■ 927
43^ 78
47^ 35
46.37
55.26
60. 56
59^85
59.80
57^ "9
61. 96
57^ 59
53^ yf)
54. 82
55^ b9
55- 23
64.71
5^-05
43 59
45. 20
51.04
57^87
58.71
46, 18
62.54
57.64
43 • 98
57.21
57^ 95
56^45
60. 13
L-g.ooo-f-
.917
•55'
• ')94
•998
•875
.446
•403
• 285
.576
•791
• 834
• 859
•7'4
. 8o<)
.928
. 0S9
.907
■534
•735
•977
• 974
•949
•797
■755
.712
•779
.872
.857
• 203
• 329
• i^^i
29.0004- 29.000-)- 29.000-f-
a9.ooo-f-
700-f
•725
•''55
.877
•955
.612
.481
•3>'
■11°
.708
•838
. 7S0
•783
•703
. 906
' ■ 037
■ 992
.697
.628
■87s
■9>3
■ 777 !
.631
.812
.965 !
.664
■ 399
. 300
. 261
■ (^ii \
• 837 '
• 799
.866 j
•7'3
.865 I
■974 i
1.047 j
■ 879 !
. box
■857 I
.983
■834
. 722
.687
. 866
.9K6
1.369
1.247
.802
■7S4
.718
■ 783
.860
■9<^'3
1.386
1.213
•859
.581
.780
.988
.806
.407
■ 324
.278
.615
■ 830
.869
.862
•7'3
■834
■ 944
1. 107
.858
.565
.764
•974
•923
. 960
.780
•763
.724
.740
.878
. 860
1.318
■ ■340
.722
,712
.796 . 799
.824
.820
. 604
.791
.976
•739
•433
•334
.289
.824
.820
.842
•7'3
•854
•97'
i.o5()
•835
.582
.808
. 962
. 910
•954
•794
•757
• 7«9
•747
.869
. 916
1.318
1.277
1.352
.823
54^ 67 54.92
54. 67
57^ 49
56.80 56.88 57.51
5741
S193
56.68
'^••37
55^36
47^59
45-07
43.93
52.67
57-5'
57^ 4'
57^97
54-70
58.28
61. 25
<>3- 49
57.80
5'- 37
57- I «
61.02
59.70
60.82
56.75
55-82
54-85
55-56
58.66
59-85
70. 06
69. 02
7093
57-49
111
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
425
Table CLXXX. — Barometric readings at Camp Clay, EUesmere Land — Continued.
(observations reduced for tempLratiuc and elevation.)
^ ^ +87° 54' /. ^ about— 74° 30'
April, 1SS4.
7 a. m.
29.000+
'•259
1.469
1-543
«S34
'•635
1.248
I. 052
1.085
1.058
1 1 a. m. 3 p. Ill
29.000+ I ag.ooo-l-
I. 189
1.482
I. 601
1.686
1.673
I. 241
1.026
7 p. m.
39.000+
Daily means.
Indies. .Millimeters,
29.000+
••255
1.486
1.578 \
1 . 74<) I
I. 619 j
I. 171
1.038
.818
1.228
I. 223
I. 070
.869
1.058
1.404
1-538
1-317
I. 179
.966
I. 019
1. 07 1
.808
.871
.827
-87r
.976
1.046
1 . 066
• 995
.889
1.141
65.57
I. 230
".'862"
1.044
1.496
1.528
I. 311
I. 149
-93'
1.074
.966
.781
-903
.816
-853
I. 046
1.057
I. 071
I. 120
.948
•936
I. 252
I. 189
• 832
I. 114
1.505
'•S13
I. 262
I. 170
•95S
1.077
1. 018
•744
.879
.805
.828
1.074
1.058
I. 264
1.525
1.544
1.756
'•563
I. 176
1 . 036
.956
I. 014
.885
I. 141
I. 186
1.492
I. 422
I. 269
1-055
I. 031
'•059
.705
.855
.819
.761
1.074
I. 132
I. 150 1.156
65.80 I 65.95
'•'55
65-93
242
490
567
680
622
209
03S
020
048 j
024
994 I
881 ;
207 ,
217
925
008
275
459
399
2>3
078
008
037 I
S72 j
\?'
.S50
808
970
053
.05;
1.136
r-^
68. 13
74-43
76.39
79.26
77-78
67.30
62.95
62.49
63. 20
62.59
61.83
58.97
67- 35
67.50
60.08
62. 19
68.97
73.65
72. 12
67.40
63. 96
62. 19
62.93
58.73
57.70
58.19
57.11
61. 22
63. 34
63- 3'
.Mr.>, 1884.
7 a. m.
29.000+
1.268
I. 215
I. 209
'•375
I. 172
.816
'•349
I. 127
I. 240
1.268
1.279
I. 231
I. 118
1. 123
1.085
1.098
1.166
I. 172
.911
-775
659
(*)
29.000+
I. 271
1. 227
'-'97
1.279
'-342
I. 127
.886
I. 154
'-'77
'-239
I. 269
1.257
I. 225
1.097
'-053
3 1>- '«•
Daily means.
Inches. Millimeters.
29.000+
1.248
I. 212
'•'93
'•3'4
'•3'4
'.'36
1.003
'•039
39.OOO-I-
.836
'•'55
(*)
1.126
I. 165
1.171
65. 44 I 65.18
* Barometer broken.
66.18
66.33
1 . 266 '
I. 218 I
I. 206 I
1.300
1.344 I
'-'45
.902
I. 181
1.152
1. 240
1.268
1.268
1.228
1. 105
1.088
1.085
1.098
1. 160
1. 172
•874
.775
.65&
700+
68.74
67.52
67.07
6q. 61
70.72
65. 67
59- 50
66. 59
65-85
68.08
68.79
68.79
67-77
64.66
64. 22
64.15
64-47
66.05
56. 35
58.78
56. 27
53.33
1. 124
65- '3
IP
:;!.l:
' •
Ml
' li'l
■I
I
il '
It
I!!'
II ^!!
"r
Mf
426
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
I
2 .
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
lo
II
12
»3
H
«S
l6
»7
i8
«9 ■
20 .
21 .
22 .
23 ■
24-
25
26.
27 -
28 .
29
SC-
SI
Tahi.e CLXXXI — Temperature oj the air [in deg;rees Fahrenheti)at Camp Clay^ Ellesmtre Land,
it, -^ f 78° S4' A = about - 74° 30'
Date.
7 a. ni.
October, 1883.
8 p. m.
Daily
Minimum.
Date.
30
-0.5-
— II.O'
2. s';
I. <:
-16.0
- 2.0'
5.0
8.0
— 16.0
-15.0'
2 2*
- 6:5.
— 3 2«
— II . O"
- S-2"
o. o"
— 8.0
— 16. o»
— 3-S'
— 2. 8»
- 15. o»
-182«
— 9. 8"
5.0"
— 8.0"
o. o»
Means 1 . 1 -6.25
- 6. 5
— 6.0
— II.O
— 13.0
— 3' 5
— 16.0
- 5.5
— 4.0
— 15.0
20.5
-17.5
S-o
- 8.0
- 4.0
4 -
5 -
6 ..
/ - -
8 .
9 -.
10 . .
11 . .
12 . .
'3 -
14 -.
15 -.
16 ..
17 ..
18 _.
19 -■
20 ..
21 _
22 . .
23 -
24 ..
25 -■
26 ..
27 -■
28 .
29 -
30 -■
November, 1883.
Noon.
- 3"
- 8.0
-13.0
-20. o
- 9.0
•II.O
-20. 3
-29.0
-23
-16
19
-24
■27
«9
-34
-12
-12,
-12
-3°
-16
5
o
o
o
o
o
5
5
o
o
2
O
-14.0
-23
-24
-24
-23
-34
-32
-II
- 5'
- 6. OK
-13. qI-
-12.0
-12.0
Means .
Daily
- 3. 5"
- 7.7.
-13.0a
-22. 5"
-16.5"
-16.0"
- 20. 3"
-30. 2"
-26. 8°
-23.0"
l'-^2"
-2Q. 2
■' a
-30. 4„
-24.5,.
-36- 4„
-'8-7„
-'7-3„
-i3-o„
-34- 5a
16. o„
-18. 8„
-25. 6n
-32. 611
-25.00
24. 00
-lj.20
-38.0"
-22. 50
- 9-5"
1.0»
Minimum.
— 4.0
— 9.0
-13.0
— 25. o
24.0
i-'I.O
-20.3
315
— 30.0
30.0
-28.0
—34-5
-33-8
30. o
-38.2
-31-5
—28.0
-- 14. o
-38.8
— 16. o
-23. 5
—28.0
—41.2
— 26.0
—25.0
-36.5
-43.5
— 34-0
— 14.0
5.0
-21.82
■ Including minimum. ■'Observation at 9 a. m. ' Observation at 8 a. m.
lUbscrvation at 3 p. ni.
•* Observation at j a. ra. 'Observation at noon.
' Observation at ii> a. m.
'Observatinn at 13 midnight.
THE LADY FllANKLlN BAY EXPEUITIOIff.
427
I
8..
9 --
lo ..
u .. .
12 ..
»3-
14..
15 ..
16 .
17 ..
18 ..
19-
20 ..
21 ..
22 ..
23 -
24 ..
25 -
26 ..
27 -.
28 .
29..
30--
31 --
Table CLXXXI. — Tempinitiin of the air {in degrees Fahrenheit) at Camp Clay, Ellesmere ZaW— Conlinued.
•^ V 78° 54' ^ "l>out - 74° 30'
December, 1883,
Date.
Means.
- 8.0
S.o
-10. o
-21.0
-24.0
-19. o
-27.0
-20.0
-25.0
-23. o
-17.0
-17.0
-21.0
-13.0
-17.0
-21.0
-25.0
-29.
-29.
-24.
-22.
-35.
-34-
-3Q-
-35- o
-315
-21. 2
-20. 5
2 |i. 111.
-7.2-
4.0
' Minimum for day.
Daily
iiu'ans.
— 6.6
— 6'. 6
— 7..?
-8.0
4.5
— 10. o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
21.
-24,
-19,
-27.
•20
-25
-23
17.0
-17.0
-21.
-'3-
-17-
-21.
-25-
-29.
■29.
-24.
-22. 5
-35-5
-34-8
39.5
-35- o
-21. 2
-20. 5
-21. 16
I.
2.
3-
4-
5-
6.
7-
8.
9-
10.
II .
12,
•3-
'4-
•5
16.
>7-
18.
'9-
20.
21.
22.
23-
24.
25-
26.
27-
28.
29
30-
3'-
January, 1884,
Date.
8 a. III. i 1 1 a. III.
—36.0
-36.0
- 2.0
Means
'Includinc minimum.
-35 o
-6.0
Ncion.
32.0
28.0
3«o
34- 0
25.2
24.0
3'0
28.0
29. I
78 5
21. 0
18.5
21.0
18.5
27-5
21-3
36.0
40.0
42.0"
42. o<:
34- 0
26.8
-20. 2
-20. 2
■22.0
-25.0
-35- 0
-38.0
-32.0
""1:38:2"
— 34. o
Daily
iiu'ans.
Minimum.
-32-0 '
-28.0 1... ..I
-31.0 1
-34.0 ! .;
-■2S-2 I
-24.0 ...
-31.0 _.
-28.0 . ..
-29. I .....
-33-5" -aa.s
-21.0 1
-«8.S I
-21.4'' —21.7
-18.5
-27.5
-21.3
-36-0 j...
-40.0 ;
-42.0 I
42.0 I
-34-0 '.
-27.2'' —27.5
-20.2
-20.2 [..
-22.0
-25.5'' ; —26.0
-35.5'' —360
-37-4 ,
-32.0
-35-0 --
- 4.0
I
•Below —43° all day.
— 28. 29
W\
:l,l;
1; '
lip
I
>' I
428
THE LADY FRANKLlJi BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXXI. — Tftnpemturf of the air (in degrees Fahrenheit) at Camp Clay, ElUimeie Land — Continuetl.
^ — -)- 78° 54' /. ^ about - 74° 30'
February, 1884.
Date.
fi ;i.
in.
8 a. m.
9 a. m.
10 a. m,
II a. m. ; Noon.
1 p. m.
2 p.m.
3 p. m. t 4 p. m.
5 p. m.
6 p. m.
Daily
niean».
1
-'SS
-27.5
-'9-5
—20.0
-23.0
■ -20. 2
-«S-5
-27.5
—21.2
— 22. 2'
—23.0
— 20, 2
-27.5
-36.4
-38.2
-34.4
—34.3
— 27.0
-23.6
—21.7
-16.3
- 7-3
5.5
- 6.2
-5.8
- 7-S
- 5-2
-133
-J2.5
-136
—24.2
-25.9
— 3i.4
2 ..
-19.0
_-_
—36. 0
'-is.'oi
-24. s"
3
4
- 26. 0
1
«
!
1
6 .
i
7
1
-36.4
-38.0
-330
-36.0
- 42, o«
-33- 0
—26.0
—22.0
—22.2
-IS.O
-6.5
2. 2
- S-o
-30
8
{')
9 -
-38.5
-36.5
"-33'8'
•o _
II ... .
-37- 0
12 ., .
IJ 1
-34- 0
— 36.0
14 . . -.
—28.0
«S
16
-25- 3
—21.2
17 -- ...
I?
19 .-
20
21
"""2.'of
-12.5
8.5
—II. 2
— 4.0
-21.5
- 9.0
12.0
> 12. 0
— I.O
■-"2.'5'
- 7.0
3-5
" — '6.0'
5-0
— 6.1
— II.O
— 10. 1
— 16.0
—29. 0
-27.0
-34- 9
— 10. 0°
"-27.T
22
23
24--
%
— II.O
- 6.7
-4.5
-11,2
~\(^. J
—1.1. ■>
—2: <;
—24 ."
-30 5
— 5.0
— 13.0
— 5-4
-13.2
— 10. 0
—22.0
-25-5
—12.5
-14.4
-II. 5
-23- 5
-26.5
-15.0
— 12. I
- 16.0
■-Is.'o'
-27.0
—26.0
-14.2
— 14.2
— 10. 0
-13-7
—23.0
— 31.C
27
-31. 0
-22.5
—30.0
—27.2
28
29
Means..
-23.0
--32O
— 26. 5
—30- ."i
27.1
1 1 : 1
-21.20
!
1
1 !
•Observation at 8 p. m. '' Minimum observed. ' Minimum included.
i(Jbservatiun at 9. 30 p. m.
* Ueluw —42°. 'Below —42° all day.
'Ubservali -I at 7 p. m.
'Observation at a a. m.
1
j
1
mil
1
11
:ii
1
^¥^
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
429
Daily
-ISS
—27.5
— 21. 2
— 22. 2":
—23.0
—20. 2
-27.5
—36.4
-38.2
—34.4
-36. 5
—42.0
—34-3
..I —27.0
' -23- 6
—21.7
-16.3
- 7-3
5.5
— 6.2
-S-8
- 75
— S-2
-133
— 12.S
-136
— 24. 2
—25. 9
—3'- 4
-21. 20
Taule CLXXXI. — Temperature of the air (in degrees Fahrenheit) at Camp Clay, Eliesmere Latid — Continued.
9 = 4-78° 54' X ^■=- about —T^' 30'
Date.
March, 1884.
6 a. m.
7 a.m.
8 a.m.
M- 5
- 21.0
21.0
-21.0
-12.5
—22.0
-21. 1
9 a. m. 10 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
Noon.
I p. m.
2 p. m.
3 p. m. s p. m.
(1 p. m.
Daily
me.ins.
\'. '.'.'. ..'.'.
35-2
—22.5
--27.5
—21.0
—22.5
-20.8
--I5.4
i
1
1
34.4
-24.0
-22. s
—26. 6
—21.6
-23.0
"-'is-o
-«.s
-'5-5
—18.2
- 16.0
—22.0
—21.0
-27.8
- 14.0
- 7.0
- 9.0
-14-5
-17.6
- 3-5
-24.0
—21.0
22.5
-25.0
— 19.0
iS.'o
— 24.o«
—21.2
-18.0
—24.0
'::23:o
—24.0
-23- 1
25.4
21. s
-21.4
-21 3
-15.2
- 2.7
— 8.0
— 8.2
— 16.9
—20.6
-i'-3
--2<,..3
— 20. 3
—28.6
-22.9
—12.2
— 12.6
—16.9
-17.7
— 8.8
-21.7
—22.0
— 20.0
— 4.0
-10.3
— 2t.O
— 2. 1
— 4.2
3.0
3
4- - ---
t
- 95
-i8."o'
-21. s
—12.0
— 19.0
0
■J - --
—20.0
-21.0
■-'7"o"
- 2.4
8..
— 30
— 10.5
— 9. s
— 18.0
-23. s
— 19.0
-22. 2
-30.1
—24.1
— II. I
-15.0
-^■18.0
— 10. 0
— 20.2'^
9.
'-"6.5
- 17.0
— 18.2
-21.7
—22.0
-30. 2
-23-5
-ISO
— 14.0
-18.0
-II. s
- 8.0
- 8.0
- 9.0
10
II
12
1 5 ...
-19.0
-25. 1
-23.0
—24- 5
-30.8
—34.7
-25.0
— 16.0
^16.3
— 20. 2
— 19.8
— 14.0
'"•^
—23.0^
—28.0
-17.0
-23.' i"
-ii.'s
--19.0
. .,
-14.2
-15.0
—21. I
-25. 2
-22. s
-23.0
13.0
- 9. 8
— 16.0
-'e.'o'
-18.0
-24. 5
-21. s
—22.5
-25.0
-25.3
—31 3
-3'"
-26.6
-23.5
-25-»<
-30. s"
14 .
15
16
17 -.
iS
19 -
20
-25.0
-25.5
—27.0
— II.O
-17.0
-"§.'2'
— 12.0
—19.0
— 22.2
12.0
--22. 8
- 14.0
—16.0
- 9.0
-Ti"
21
22
23-- --
24
25
26
— 21. 0
'
— 12.0
---- •-•
— lO.O
— 12.0
— 24.0
— 4.5
0.0
— 2.0°
— 90
— 18.0"
._ ._
27
28
— 10. 0
.
1
29.
0.0
I.O
- 30'
- s.o
'•-- 5-5
JO.
■JI.. .
1 - . -
30
Means. . .
1
i
..1
!
-16.56
!
'Observation at 4 p. m.
'ObserratloD at 7 p. m.
• Obserratlon at 3 a. m.
'Observation at 5 a. m.
nw
t'!!
:»^(.
430
TUK LADY FUAJS'KL1^ BAY EXrEDlTlON.
It
m
Taiu.e CLXXXI. — Timperature of the air (in degrees Fahrenheit^ at Camp Clay, Ellesmere Land — Continued.
d '..-- + 78' 54' A -^ <ib,ml 74° JO'
Date.
9-
lo.
11 .
12 .
«3-
»4-
'S-
16.
17-
18.
'9-
20.
21
22 .
23-
S4
«S
26 ,
27-
28.
29.
30-
Mcans
4 a. m. ' 5 a. m. 6 .1. in. 7 a. m. 9 n. ni. 1 1 a. in.
April. 18S4.
Noon.
SS
8.0
— 10.0
2.S
— 23.0
— 24.0
17.0'
0.0
o. o
5.0
S.o
-16.0
p. 111. 3 p. m. 7 p. m. 9 p. 111.
-13- o
5.0
8.7
6,0
9.0
6.0
S-o
7.0
4.0
SO
- h.
•3-
- 7-
3-
-20.
-20.
- 9-
•5
-10.
s.
- I.
4-
I.
- o.
7-
8.
- 2.
2.
10.
8.
5-
2.
3-
14. 7-'
10.0
7-S
— l4.o» ,
2. Qf
I I . o<'
15
— 14.0
-'3
— 14
— 8,
— 4
— 10
16
16.0
o
o
2
I
o
o
14.0
12.0
5.0
o. o
10. ,5
>'. J
II. 6
2-5
9.0
II. o
M-5
11. o
5.0
10. o
9.0
-24.0
— >5S
-14.
-12.
19.
12.
o.
3-
- 5-
- 2.
'5-
1-
2.
8.
10.
II.
6.
3-
— 14.0
—21.0
— 20. I
— 14.0
—24. o I
— 9.0'"
2. o
-5.0
3-0
0.0
4.0
2.0''
8.5
2.0
I.O
o. o
0.0
6.0
7.0
Daily
nieaiiH,
45
-13.0
—130
8.0
— 9-7
5-a
— 1.8
8.S
— 2.8
— 4.4
-1X.7
—20.4
— 10. 4
— II. I
— 10. 2
10.7
7.9
3.0
— 0.8
- >-9
1.4
9-5
7S
0.8
4.8
7.2
4.9
7-3
2-5
7.4
" Observation at 6 p. m.
' Observation at 4 p. m.
•Observation at i p. m.
' Observation at 8 a. m.
*■ Observation at 5 p. m.
'Observation at i a. m.
•95
*•■•)
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXI'KDITION.
431
Table CLXXXI — Ttmpfrature of the iiir (in i/e);rres Fahrenheit) at Camp Clay, Ellesmere Land — I'nntinued.
^= -f jS" 54' X-^. ithoiil — 74" 30'
I )atf.
1
5 n. m.
6 n. m.
M.iy, 1884.
9 p. m.
I a. m,
3 n. ni.
1
7 a. 111.
10.0
8.0
0.0
6.0
II. 0
8.T. 111.
1 1 ,1. 111.
ro. 0
9.0
i.o
lo. 2
II. 0
Noon.
10. o>
"";6.'5"
4.0"
31. 0
3 P- m-
II. 0
19.0
6.0
6.0
12.0
«55
15.0
1 6.0
10. o«
7.5
75
5 p, m.
10 p. ni.
I.O''
Daily
iiicnns.
S.o
K.o
0.8
5.7
12. I
16. 5
19- 3
13- 8
8.6
^i
S-o
10.3
13.9
14.6
12. 2
.6.5
16.3
26.0
23.0
32.5
2S. !)
2r,.3
21.5
26.0
26.0
24.0
24.0
27.0
28.0
SI. 5
3
2.0
2.0
3 -
4
— 40
S.o
7.0"
10. 0
20. 0"
cod
1 c
! 6
7
14.0
14.0
iS.o
6.5
6.2
16.0
6.5'
32- 5
16.0
14.0
8
h.o'
9.0
9
S-5
30
1.0
3.0"
10 . _ .
0. 0
■- 2. 0
5-0
0.0
— 4. 0
... _ .
4.0
II .....
9.0
30
5.0
10,0
10. 0
, ,
10. 0
12.0
II. 0
II. 0
12.0
14. 0'
12.0
13.6
18.0
16.0
"is.o'
2SS»
"16.0"
22.0
9.0
15.08
14.0
II. 0
14
7.0
IC
16
12.0
12. 0
21. 0
17
18
10. oJ
18.0
31.0
10 .
21.0
23.0'
20 .
21
29.0
.
36.0
i 22.. _
..
1
23
!24
19.0
?4.o
i 25
26.0
i
26
26.0
27 --
28
24. 0
24. o"!
-
29...
27.0'
29. 0*
30
27.0
1
31
! Means
1 ' '
17.04
1
1 1 1
1
• Observation at i p, m.
'' Observation at 7 p. m.
' Observation at n p. m.
•* Observiitinn at ta p. m.
' OhstTvatioii at 6 ]». m.
' Observation at 9 a. m.
• Observation at 4 p. m.
*• Observation at 8 p. 111.
' Observation at 10 a m.
' Observation at 3 a. m.
' Observation at 3 p. m.
m
! ,:v:
ij I,
I
:ll
:j.l
/M
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
^^.
1.0
l.i
«" Ki |2j2
Sf Ufi 12.0
u
IL25 HU
iJ4
Sdaices
Corporation
23 WIST MAIN STRUT
WIBSTIR.N.Y. 14SM
(716)t72-4S03
^
4^
»
i
' :
I
lii 1
J ! si
'It:
I
:! . : f
432
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITIOJJ.
Table CLXXXI. — Temperature of the air (in degrees Fahrenheit) at Camp Clay, Ellesmere Zan</— Continued.
^ = 4-78' 54' A = about— 74" 30'
Date.
June, 1884
V
I a. m.
7 a. m.
10 a. m.
II a. m.
3 p.m.
4 p m.
6 |>. m.
7p. m.
8 p. m.
Daily
means.
Minimum.
I
350
35- 0
35- 0
31.0
36. s
32- 5
3'a
33-2
36.9
38.8
37- 0
39-3
36.2
33-4
39-8
34-9
40.0
34.3'
34.6'
36.6
31- 7'
31.0«
2
35- 0
31.0
•I
4
36.0
37- 0
5
31.0
31.0
^i-s
38.0
39- 0
35- 0
38.0
34- 0
32.0
37- 0
30.0
37.0
34.0
30. s
34- 5
29.0
310
34- 0
0
7
30.0*
34- 0
34- 0
39-3
42.0
30.0
34- 0
38.0
8
38.0*
34.0
39. o«
40.0''
40.0
35- 0
38-5
10
36.0
39- 0
II .
42.0
38.0
12
38.0
33- 0
41.0
34- 0
40.0
34- 0
36.0
37-5
33- 0
34- 0
36.0
37- 0
37- 0
39- 0
39- 0
ij
3«-5
14
42.0"
15
34- 5'
37- 0
43- 0
35- 0
42.0
37.8
38.0
16
17
38.0
30- 4
30.0
18
19
20
26.8
28.0
21
31.0
Means
1
35- »9
i
• Observation at 6 a. m.
* ObierratiOD at 8 a, m.
• Observation at 9 a. m.
* Observation at noon.
• Observation at 5 p. 1
> Minimum induded.
1
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
433
■■'■ii L
Table QLXXKll.— lVind and weather at Camp Clay, Ellesmere Land.
p = -\- 78° 54' a = aiout — 74"» JO'
Date.
Hour.
Wind.
Velocity.
Weather.
Remarks.
1883.
Oct. IS
16
»7
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3«
Nov. I
2
3
4
7
8
9
10
II
12
13
14
•5
16
17
>9
20
21
22
23
24
11
27
28
29
30
Dec. I
2
3
4
I
I
9
10
II
13
«3
«4
15
16
17
18
6a. m.
7a. m
1 1 a. m
Calm
NE
0
Fresh
Brisk
Light
0
Fresh
Light
Fresh
Light
Fresh
Light
do
0
Fair
Strong wind in straits.
Strong westerly gale in morning.
Strong gale last night-, tide highest known; high wind 12.05 P- ''^•
Washington mean time.
Exceedingly violent gale previous night, damaging house and blow-
ing away minimum themiometer.
Light snow
Cloudy
9a. m
8a.m
8a.m
II a.m
lla. m
NW
Light snow .
Calm
NW
Cloudy
W
Fair
Snowy
Cloudy
Snowy
do
Cloudy
II a. m
II a. m
II a. m
II a. m
11 a.m
12 noon
NW
NW
W
W
Calm
Foggy
Heavy snow
II a. m
ila.m
lla.m
II a. m
II a.m
II a.m
II a.m.
II a.m
11 a.m
II a.m
W
Calm
NW
Light
0
Light
— .do
....do
0
0
Fresh
Cloudy
Clear
Fair
Cloudy
NW
NW
Calm
Calm
NW
Clear
....do
...do...
....do
II a. m
II a. m
1' a.m
II a.m
1! a. m
II a.m
II a.m
11 a. m
12 noon
12 noon
II a. m
11 a. m
II a.m
II a.m
II a.m
II a.m
II a.m
lia.m
II a.m
II a.m
II a. m .
II a.m
II a. m
S
Calm
SW
Light
0
Fresh
do
0
0
Fresh
...do
....do
Light
do
Cloudy
Clear
Cloudy
sw
Calm
Calm
w
Clear
do
....do
Cloudy
w
w
Clear
Cloudy
Cloudy _
do
....do
....do
....do
Clear
w
Calm
Calm
W
0
0
Fresh
0
0
0
0
Light
Fresh
Light
do
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
W
Cloudy
do
....do
Ckur
W
W
....do
....do
Cloudy
W
do
II a.m
II a.m
II a.m
II a.m... ...
II a.m
II a. m
II a.m
II a.m
II a. m
II a. m
II a. m
lia.m
II a. m
II a. m
II a. m
II a. m
W
Light
Gale
Brisk
....do
....do...
do
E
W
W
w.
w
w
w
w
w
Calm
W
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
....do
Fresh.
0
Light.
....do
....do
_...do -.
Clear _
....do..
....do...
....do
....do
....do.
w
Calm
W
do
. 0
Brisk
...do
....do
...do
Cloudy
Heavy wind last night, abating to-day.
II a.m
II a.m
Calm
Calm
0
0
Cloudy
Clear
i::l!l
i
U. Mis. 393, pt 2 28
434
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXXU.— Wind aiui weather at Camp Clay, £//csmere Zantf— Continued,
^ = + 78° S4' A — aiout — 74° 30'
i ;
1 ii i
Date.
Hour.
Wind.
Velocity.
\«eather.
Remarks.
1883.
Dec. 19
20
21
22
23
24
11
27
28
29
30
3«
1884.
Jan. I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
13
14
«S
16
>7
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
2S
26
27
28
29
30
31
Feb. I
2
3
4
1
I
9
10
II
12
>3
14
IS
16
17
18
'9
II a.m
II a. m
II a. m.
II a. m
1 1 a. Ill
W..
Calm
Calm
Calm
Brisk
0
0
0
Fresh
Light
0
0
0
Light .
Clear
Easterly storm last night.
Easterly gale set in about noon.
Very violent easterly storm last night.
Aurora 3.30 to 5 p. m.
Storm in early morning.
Very fine day.
Do.
Do.
High wind all last night.
Severe storm last night and again this afternoon.
Day very windy. '
Aurora at 7 p. m.
Very fine day.
Do.
Very windy all day.
Fine day.
Day generally clear.
Day very bright, giving signs of returning sun.
Day very fine but threatening storm in the afternoon and stnjng wind
in gusts last night.
Day fine and generally clear.
Strong wind and drifting snow during day.
Very bright in south at noon.
Strong wind at intervals. Bache Island very bright from advancing
sunlight.
Strong wind la.'st night.
Day very bright in south.
Strong wind last njght; sun astronomically above horizon for first
time in 115 days, but not yet visible.
Late in the afternoon clear and calm.
....do
.do
....do
Cloudy
II a. in
II a. ni
II a. m
II a. in
II a.m
II a. m
II a. m
II a.m
II a.m
II a. m
II a. m
II a. ni
II a. in
II a. in
II a. m. -
II a.m
II a.m -
II a.m...
II a. m.
II a.m
II a. m
W
Clear
Calm
Calm
Calm
W
....do..
Clear
do
Calm
K
E
Calm
W..
0
Brisk
...do
0
Light
do
Brisk
....do
Light
do
....do
0
Light°......
do
Fresh
...do
Fair
Cloudy
do
Clear
....do
....do-
Cloudy
do
Clear
w
w
w....
w
w
w.
Calm
Calm
W....
.-..do..
....do
....do -.
Cloudy
Clear
w
....do
Cloudy.. ...
II a.m.-
do.
II a. m
II a. m
II a. m
II a.m.-
II a.m
II a. in
II a. m.
II a.m
II a. m
w
Light
Brisk
0
0
0
0
Light
do
Fresh
Light
.—do
0
0
0
0
0
Light
do
....do
Brisk
Light
0
Fresh
Light
0
0
0
Light
0
Light
0
Fresh
...-do
Light
0
Gale
Clear
w
Cloudy
Calm
Calm :...
Calm
Calm
W
_.-.do
Clear
....do
Cloudy
Clear
w
.-..do
Cloudy
II a. m
II a. m
II a.m
II a. m
II a.m
II a. in
II a. Ill
II a. m
vv
Clear .
w
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
....do
....do
....do
....do
.-..do
Cloudy
do
....do
.....do
Fair...
7 a. 111.
7 a. m
7 a. m
7 a. m
7 a. in..
7 a. Ill
7 a. in
7 a. m
7 a. in
7 a. Ill
5 a. Ill
7a. m
7a.m.
7 a. Ill
7 a. in
7 a.m
7 a. m
7a. m
7 a. m
W..„
W
W
W
Cloudy.
Calm
SE.
do
...-do
Clear
W
Calm
Calm
Calm
W
.--.do
-...do
..-.do
Cloudy
Clear
C-ilm
W
....do
....do
....do
....do
do
....do
....do
Calm
\V
W
W
Calm
S
THE LADY FBANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXXII. — Wind and weather at Camp Clay, Ellesmere Z<i;i</— Continued.
^ ^ + 78" 54' X — about — 74" lof
435
I !■
Date.
Hour.
Wind.
Velocity.
Weather.
Cloudy
Remarks.
1884.
Feb. 20
21
22
23
24
2I
27
28
29
Mar. I
2
3
4
I
9
10
II
12
>3
14
\l
•7
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
2I
27
28
29
30
3'
Apr. I
2
3
4
1
■ i
9
10
II
12
13
>4
15
17
18
>9
20
21
22
23
24
11
7 a. m
7a. m...
7 a. m ..
7 a. m
W
light
0
Fresh
Strong southerly gale at times.
Strong wind and snow last night and again this evening.
Gale abated this morning.
Strong wind, with drift, at intervals.
Strong wind last night, abating this morning.
Stormy at intervals ; sun not yet seen.
Drifting snow at intervals.
Drifting snow at intervals all day.
Strong wind all night.
Strong gale till 5 a. m., and then moderated.
Fine day.
Stormy all day.
Gale from II a. m.; exceedingly violent in evening.
Strong gale last night, abating today.
Fine day ; Raven seen.*
Fine day at station, but strong wesferiy gale at Cape Sabine.
Very fine day.
Do.
Do.
Shifted to NW. and mcreased to gale, with drifting snow, in p.
High wind with snow last night, abating this morning.
High wind last night.
Do.
Stormy at intervals during day.
Very fine day.
Do.
Winds in the afternoon.
Westerly storm began at 2 a. m.
OccMional light snow.
Later, easterly gale.
I.ater, west and cloudy.
m.
Calm
W ....
-..-do
....do
s
Brisk
....do
...do
0
0
0
0
Fresh
Brisk
High . ,
. do
7a. m
7a. m
7a. m
7a. m
7a. m...
7a.m
7 a. m
7a. m
7 a. m
7a.m
7a.m...
7a. m
7a.m
7a. m...
7 a.m
7a.m
7 a.m
7a.m...
7a. m
jra.m
7a. m
7 a. m
7 a. m
7 a. m...
7 a.m
7 a. m
7 a. m..
7 a. m
7 a.m...
7 a. m
7 a.m
7 a.m
7 a.m
7a.m...
7 a. m
vv
vv _.
Calm
Culm
Calm
Calm
W
....do
....do
....do
Clear
Cloudy
Clear
....do
....do
....do.
W. .
w
w..
Fresh
do
...do... .
Cloudy
v/
w
Fair
Clear
.-..do
Calm
SE
SF...
0
Gait-
Fresh
SE
Calm
W
....do
0
Light
0
0
0
0
Fresh
....do
do...
Fair
Clear
Cloudy
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
W.
Clear
do
....do..
....do
Cloudy
NE
W
....do...
....do.
W
VV
....do
. ..do
Clear
Cloudy
do
Clear
w
Brisk
Light
....do
....do
0
0
Light
Gale
do....
w..
w
w
Calm
Calm
W
....do
....do
Cloudy
Fair
Clear
Cloudy
7 a.m .
do
7a, m
7 a.m..
7a.m
7a. m
7a. m
7 a.m..
7 a.m
7a.m
7a. m
Calm'.V.'.'".'.
W
....do
0
Brisk
Light
Light
0
0
Brisk
High
Fresh
0
0
0
0
Light
....do
0
Brisk
Light
do
....do
Brisk
Light
0
Fresh
Light
....do
....do
Clear
w
do
Cloudy
Calm
W
Clear
Cloudy
Calm
Calm
Light snow
Cloudy
7a.m...
7 a. m
W
....do
....do
Clear
7a. m
7a. m
7a. m
7a.m
7a.m
7a. m
7 a. m
7a. m
7a.m..
7a. m
7 a. m
7a. m
7a.m.
7 a. m
7a. m
7a. m...
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
W
do
..-.do
....do.
...do
Cloudy
Clear
W
Calm
SW
Fair
W ...
Cloudy .
w...
w
w...
....do
Light MOW
Cloudy
Fair
w
Calm
W
Clear .. .
Cloudy
w
/
do.
iUI
(1
I
*Sun reached hut for first time.
:!■
'11
I i
111:,
436
TUB LADY FllANKLIN IJAY EXPEDITION.
Taule CLXXXII. — Wind ami wcatfur ai Camp Clay, Jii/Ztsmere Lam/— Continued.
^ — -f 78° 54' A u.: a/ioH/ — 74° 30'
Date.
Hour.
Wind.
Velocity.
Weather.
Remarks.
1884.
Apr. 27
29
30
May I
2
3
4
I
7
8
9
10
II
12
>3
«4
;i
>7
18
>9
20
21
22
23
24
2S
26
27
28
29
30
3'
June I
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
>3
14
«5
1'
>7
18
19
20
21
7 a. m ..
7 a. Ill
7 a. m
7a. m
7 a. Ill
7 a. ill
7 a. m
Calm
Calm
Calm
W
0
0
0
Light
do
Fresh
Clear
Wind in Smith Sound.
Very line day.
-
Violent easterly gal<? from 3 a. m. to 2 p. m.
Gale all night : abated at noon, hut recommenced 2,30 p. in.
Sturm violent last night and at intervals to-day,
ricasaiit day.
Fine day.
Bright and clear.
Severe storm in evening.
Clear in niDrning, stormy in afternoon.
Clear until noon, light snow in afternoon.
Gale all night, continuing more violently to-day.
Wind ahated at noon.
Light snow in the afternoon.
Violent gale last night, abating this forenoon.
Stormy all day.
Violent southerly gale last night.
Violent southerly storm set in at midnight last night, changing
to NW.
Beautiful day.
Strong gale last night, followed by fine weather to-day.
Fine clear day.
Gear in evening.
Followed by cloudy weather.
Later, calm and clear.
Strong SE. gale set in at 1 1.30 a. m.
Violent gale all day.
later
Cloudy
Clear
W
w
Light snow .
Cloudy
7 a. m
7 a. m
7a. ni
7 a.m
7 a. m
7 a. m
7 a. Ill
7a. m
7 a.m
7 a. m
w
w
1 :;:::::::::
N
Light
do
Gale
High
Light
....do
....do
....do
0
Light
Clear
Fair ..
Heavy snow
Stormy
Cloudy.
W
w
w
Calm
do
Clear
....do
Cloudy
Clear
11 a. m
7 a. m
7 a. m
7 a. m.
7 a. Ill
\V
l-iKht
....do
....do _
Clear ...
W
W
SE
do..
....do
Stormy
do
7 a. Ill
7 a. m...
7 a. Ill
7 a. m
7 a. m
S
Calm
Fresh .
....do
Light snow
Clear
do
do
\V.
Light
do
w
7a.m.
7a. m
7 a. m
7 a. m
7 a, m
7 a. m _
7 a.m
7a. m
SE.
SE
Brisk
High
Fresh
Light
Gale
Fresh
Gale
Stormy
Cloudy
Clear
SE
E
Cloudy
Clear
SE
SE
S.. _
Snowing
Heavy snow
Light snow
Clear
7 a. m
7 a.m
7 a.m
7 a.m
7 a.m
7 a. m
7a. m
7 a. m
7 a. m
7a. m
7a. m
7 a. m
7a. m
7 a. m
7 a. m
7 a. Ill
7 a. m
7 a. Ill
7 a. m
7 a.m
SE
SE
SE
Calm
Calm
Calm
Cahn
Calm
Calm
Calm
Calm
S
Calm
Calm
NW . .
Fresh
....do.
..-.do
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Gale.
0
0
Fresh
....do
....do
0
0
Gale
Fair
Clear
....do
....do
....do
....do
Cloudy
....do
Clear ,
....do
....do
Cloudy ..
Light snow
Cloudy
W
W
Calm
Calm
S
Fair
Cloudy ..
Clear
....do
Cloudy
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
437
:!!'.,
Table CLXXXIII. — Daily mean pressure (after leatnng Fort Conner) in Kennedy Channel, Kane Sea, and {after October 15)
Camp Clay,
^ = + 780 54'
X = - 74° 30'
Date.
I
2
3
4
S
6
7
8...
9
10
II
12
>3
14
«S
16
17
18
19—
ao
21
22
23
24
25 -
26
27 -.
28
29---
30
3«
Means
Means in millimeters
1883.
August. September.
30
29
30.
2d,
30
022
993
904
840
726
612
737
,891
853
775
023
, UM
.SJS
. 720
. H33
.423
.480
■ 643
.722
.918
•943
.892
.846
.847
• 744
.856
.798
.800
■947
.960
014
29.817
757.34
29^ 935
.748
■524
•456
■358
.216
. 222
•434
.611
.616
•413
.613
.690
•78s
30. 070
•073
.135
29. 940
.860
30. 020
29.506
.800
•87s
.740
.860
.870
. 930
. ftW
SO. or,o
.114
29. 748
755^58
October. 1 November.
30.155
. o:t7
. 0.IU
29.980
. 720
.610
30. 020
•'35
. 200
.310
.500
•430
.1(15
29.900
29. 850
30.065
29.900
30.045
29- 855
•835
30.041
763-03
29. 700
.740
.700
.640
.647
.688
.789
.887
3°. '23
29953
■857
.807
.576
.686
.697
.197
•57"
•396
•587
.918
.996
•937
.910
30. 030
.241
•33"
.356
29.810
.756
•559
December.
29. 76S
3P. 134
.378
29. 824
•549
.672
.870
.929
•93«
•855
.858
30.051
29. 856
■9<3
30. 154
29. 592
.463
.909
.801
.842
.677
•723
.768
. 760
.888
30.290
. 205
.071
.114
.003
.138
29.803
29.903
January. February.
30.676
• 634
.608
.060
29.580
•794
.265
28.983
29. 270
30. 087
29.938
•585
.606
.910
30.040
29. 698
• 573
• 524
•563
.778
30.018
29. 981
.946
■955
.909
• 849
.891
•938
.q27
.664
.521
29. 283
•424
.385
•735
•944
.916
.914
.811
•999
.827
.684
.718
•752
•7.M
30.107
29- 530
.276
•457
.569
■ 838
.871
.378
30. 023
29. 829
. 291
.812
.841
.782
.927
29. 831
7S<i-99
759- 53
757^ 75
29. 712
1884.
March.
29. 820
.604
.791
.976
•739
■433
• 334
.288
■633
.824
.820
.842
■713
■854
.971
30. 059
29- 835
.582
.808
.962
.910
•954
•793
■7.57
.719
•747
.869
.916
30- 3«8
•277
.352
2.). 823
April.
30. 242
.490
.566
.680
.622
.209
■ 038
.020
.048
.024
29. 994
.881
30. 207
.217
29. 925
30.008
•275
■459
•399
•213
.078
.008
•037
29. S72
■ 831
.850
.808
.970
30' 053
.052
30^ K^f'
754. 67
757-49 765^44
May.
30- 245
.214
.200
•307
.344
.145
29.902
30. 181
.152
. 240
.268
.268
.228
.105
.088
.085
.098
. 160
.172
29. 874
•775
.659
3o^ «23
765.11
'l^l
■t t
''il
';!i!i
'Ml
'Barometer broken.
m
438
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
fl
• ! •{
ifi
II ii!
I
:.i
^S
it
Table CLXXXIV. — Daify mean temperatures {after leaving Fort Con^qer) in Kennedy Channel, Kane Sea, and {after October 15)
Camji Clay,
?=- + 78''S4'
- 74° JO'
Date.
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
'3 - ---
>4
«S --
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24 -
25
26 _.
27
28
29
30
31
Means
Means in centi
grade
1883.
August.
39.0
33- 9
34-8
3i
34
3S
33
37
36
,V
34. ,V
,■?.?. .'/
33- o
28.3
28.6
September.
27-
28.
•S
•3
29.0
31
29,
30.
33.
U-
33- o
34-3
25- 7
24- 3
25.1
27.2
22.5
28.7
3'-47
26.9
26. I
26.8
21.
24,
19,
II.
'S
«3
«S-2
18.0
12. 2
22. 1
27.2
'7-4
10. 9
10. o
23.0
21.7
25.6
9.4
>3-7
'3-4
11. I
15.1
Ifi.l
IG. 4
16.8
18.8
18. 17
-7-7
October. November. December.
22. 2
24.0
10.4
8.8
12. O
8.7
"3.
"3-
7.
7-
— S-
— to.
3-
8.
o.
2.
— 6.
— 3-
— 5.
o.
— 8.0
— 16.0
— 35
-2.8
—150
18.2
-9.8
S-o
-8.0
0.0
— .3-5
7-7
13.0
22. 5
16. s
16.0
20. 3
30.2
26.8
23.0
23- S
29. 2
30.4
24- S
36.4
18.7
«7-3
13- o
34. S
16.0
18.8
25.6
32.6
25.0
24.0
35
38.0
22.5
95
- 1.0
o. 96
-17.6
—21.82
—29.9
— 6.6
«. a
— 8.0
+ 4.5
— 10. o
21.0
24.0
19.0
27.0
20. o
25.0
23.0
17.0
17.0
21
13
'7
21
25
29
29
24- 5
22.5
35-5
34-8
39.5
35°
3«S
21. 2
—20.5
1884.
January.
— 32.0
28.0
31.0
34- o
25. 2
24.0
31.0
28.0
29.1
33-5
21.0
18. s
21.4
18. s
27-5
21.3
36.0
40.0
42.0
42.0
34. o
27. 2
20. 2
20. 2
22.0
25-5
35-5
37-4
32.0
35- o
— 4.0
— 21. 16 —28. 29
— 29.6
—33- 5
February.
-ISS
27- S
21.2
22. 2
23.0
20. 2
27- 5
36.4
38.2
34-4
365
42.0
34-3
27.0
23.6
21.7
16.3
— 7-3
+ 5.5
— 6.2
5-8
7-5
5-2
>3-3
12. 5
136
24.2
25- 9
— 3'-4
March.
April.
-34.4
23- I
25-4
21. S
21.4
2« 3
15.2
2.7
8.9
8.2
16.9
20.6
21.3
24- 3
26.3
28,6
22. 9
12.2
12.6
16.
"7.
8.
21.
22.
20.0
4.0
10.3
21.0
2. 1
— 4.2
+ 3.0
7
2
8
8.S
-2.8
-4.4
-18.7
-20.4
-10.4
-II. I
-10. 2
10.7
7-9
2.0
-0.8
- 1.9
1-4
95
7-5
0.8
4.8
7-2
4.9
7-3
2-5
7.4
-16. 56 I — o. 95
--29.6
-27.0
-18.3
May.
8.0
8.0
0.8
5-7
12. 1
1O.5
'9-3
13.8
8.6
3-4
0.6
5.0
10.3
12.9
14.6
12. 2
16.5
16.3
26.0
23.0
32.5
SS. 9
21-5
26.0
26.0
24.0
24.0
27.0
28.0
17.04
-8.3
June.
35- o
35- o
31.0
36.5
32.5
3"-2
33-2
36.9
38.8
37- o
39-3
36.2
33-4
39.8
34-9
40.0
34. 3
34-6
36.6
3'- 7
31.0
35- '9
1.8
\\-:-
THK LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXXV. — Comparative anemometer readings at Duteh Island and Fort Conger, iSSz-'Sj.
439
Date.
1882.
March.
April.
M
»y-
}U1
te.
July.
August.
Septci
nher.
at—
( Iclober.
Miles at—
Miles at—
Miles at—
Miles at—
Miles at-
Miles at—
Miles at—
Miles
0
i
•0
1
3
Q
(2
3
1
1
1
s
•'. '34
1
•0
a
4
U
3
1
1
Si
1
1
I
'3.464
29
•990
I
■T3
2
.a
'J
I
0
'->
t:
0
I ..
96
III
68
79
67
170
248
88
109
69
33
66
SO
■^?
39
21
72
39
II
'4
21
37
63
67
'I
64
III
50
39
44
SI
S3
32
57
49
37
3'7
"'.'56
475
1
3. '44
40
'''.679
6<ij
2
161
'36
39
61
201
■I
'1,980
4
5
•1,650 1 687
6
5'
66
188
J990
497
32.
""682"
\ :::::
9
lO
II
C)
ISO
12s
80
12
'4
«3
90
470
56
767
932
'37
277
^'.732
998
88
85
S3
116
117
50
74
2S
'35
38
'.?2
52
44
34
162
57
13
'273
252
13
■■•990
388
37
"'.'64
421
422
104
253
187
14
326
26
IS
16
"990
198
40
'4
40
"295'
48
48
67
664
PI, 067
614
222
126
'30
273
77
'43
57
240
87
18
52
20
106
38
46
126
28
3
50
'9
9
180
28
29
'9
II
7
5
"" 55"
4
«9
20
795
76
1 1
21
359
'1, 161
86
722
'47
62
"',834
1,081
22
23
209
'43
247
168
•1,461
96
'li
24
25
131
28
'S3
92
!
S'9
'1,023
61
455
219
77
1
26
27
162
21
81
'23
384
192
"'.273
28s
'38
355
'97
3'S
28
29
30
187
104
27
5
"990
359
5'
"""388"
38
'990
407
434
-1,248
649
95
1
31
Total...
320
'43
.
393
338
12
2,263
482
4.745
2,008
4.905
2.3'3
7.592
3,826
8,128
4,091
1,650
687
9,140
6.073
5- 589
2.577
* One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for storm on night of May 30.
^ One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for storm of June 30.
' Three revolutions of dial (1.9^0 miles) added.
' One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for September 37.
*One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for September a and 3.
' One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for October i to 4.
• One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for storm of August 3.
'Anemometer No. 463 exposed at Dutch Island March 7, 18B3. Height
above sea level about no feet.
' One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for June 5.
i One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for September 6 and 7.
' One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for storm of July 7 and 8.
■ Anemometer down for time ; 50 miles added.
"Severe storm on ijth. One revolution of dial (990 milus) added.
•One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for storm of July 10.
° One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for storm on night of islh and 16th.
POne revolution of dial (990 miles) added for storm of June 17.
^One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for storms of July 15, 16, and 30.
'One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for storm of June ao.
• Storm very severe. One revolution of dial (990 miles) added.
• One revolution of dial (990 miles) added.
• Storm very severe on sstn. One revolution of dial (990 miles) added.
•One revolution of dial (99a miles) adiied for storm of^37th and 38.
•One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for storm of July 37 and 38.
' One revolution of dial (990 miles) added for storm of June 38.
K i
ii i:
t! t
440 THE LADY PUANKLIN BAY' EXPEDITION.
'I'aiilb CLXXXV. — Com/iiiriiUve anemometer nadinj^i at Dutch Island and Fort Conger, i88j-'83. — Continued.
1882.
November.*
Miles at—
•g
46
98s
3*
«s
H
45
5
44
86
38
32
37
18
13
30
2S
•3
37
66
3«
10
43
17
I
1. 671 744
4a
342
9
7
5
32
29
33
198
46
>3
I
18
•S
9
3
I
3
4
•S
5
6
8
N.
o
N.
NVV.
SE.
N.
N.
SK.
o
E.
N.
o
N.
N.
K.
N.
N.
o
N.
>
o
L.
I..
Var.
3
3
December.*
Miles at-
I
5
58
30
79
36
16
53
46
109
49
30
42
24
44
65
68
SO
50
57
80
80
81
•32
18
30
47
63
68
'.494
25
»5
3
20
94
70
21
8
76
^11
661
N.
N.
o
N.
N.
.s.
s.
s.
NK.
NE.
NE.
SE.
N.
N.
o
NVV.
N.
N.
N.
N.
S.
N.
N.
o
N\V.
N.
I
o
2
3
4
Var.
I
2
I
2
4
1883.
January.*
Miles ut-
T3
Q
■3
V
e
0
U.
t:
s
'%
Q
£
Q
4>
43
8
N.
67
9
N.
«S
«5
NW.
4
37
"7
N.
46
10
SE.
59
20
0
0
35
21
N.
34
14
E.
47
■ 2
N.
29
«7
N.
2
37
4
0
0
3
6
N.
1
40
2
NW.
2
10
3
0
0
*7
4
0
0
""{%'
23
0
0
•4
I
0
0
23
3
0
0
16
3
E.
I
3«
30
SE.
I
>9
5
0
0
bS
24
NW.
Fresh.
70
8
N.
2
49
6
N.
I
41
17
0
0
49
22
SW.
I
«9
3
0
0
II
25
NW.
L.
38
2
N.
I
1,082
323
Kclmiary.
March.
Miles at—
^
•3
^
^^
0
M.
■■J
u
C
3
0
a
u.
29
2
30
9
14
7
26
14
"4
I
28
II
28
23
33
8
59
10
38
•7
46
16
54
0
27
'5
48
'5
39
18
41
4
35
5
54
10
62
7
70
I
44
2
26
25
23
14
27
10
45
5
3'
•3
48
10
28
10
---
1,047
282
Miles at-
•n
1
\
Hi
0
A
U
U
t
i3
£
68
5
53
6
37
5
38
^\
8
73
8
92
42
'.159
455
83
II
40
3
55
48
66
59
49
45
94
loS
86
78
lOI
67
94
68
103
57
ID.,
60
64
40
86
H
57
44
»03
169
73
71
44
59
58
6<>
42
«9
37
15
26
38
47
43
3.089
•.763
N.
NW.
o
NE.
NW.
NE.
N.
o
E.
E.
N.
N.
SE.
NW.
NW.
NW.
NW.
NW.
NW.
NW.
SE.
NW.
o
o
NE.
SE.
NW.
NW.
NW.
April.
Miles at—
"3
I
H««
•s
l_
48
70
60
60
38
69
45
25
53
92
95
35
SO
27
100
26
49
65
65
21
80
'59
S'
68
4>
46
37
28
59
5«
1.703
^
ts
39
3<
40
42
44
71
55
36
69
34
45
49
29
47
34
SO
46
37
59
68
62
IS
21
18
23
25
25
23
22
1,192
NW.
NW.
o
o
o
E.
o
o
NW.
NE.
o
o
o
o
o
o
N.
NW.
o
o
NW.
NW.
o
NW.
NE.
NW.
o
o
o
NE.
L.
I,,
o
o
o
2
o
o
2
I
o
o
o
o
o
o
I
2
o
o
3
3
O
L.
I,.
I,,
o
o
o
L.
(S
I
3
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
«3
«4
>5
16
«7
18
>9
20
21
33
23
24
25
26
27
28
39
30
3«
* No sun during this month.
s i i
TnK LADY FUANKLIX HAY KXTKniTIOX.
441
Taiii.f, CLXXXVI. — Mfteorologutil ohsenalions madt by field fhirtifs of the Lady Franklin Bay E.xju-dition,
MtAt.
Barom-
eter, to
lea
level.
Inchtt.
29.71
39.69
39.69
39. f>o
39.60
29 54
29- 57
39.61
39. 58
39.63
39.64
39. 66
39. 73
29.63
29-45
28.76
28.36
29.86
39.83
39.83
29- 39
29- 36
39.40
29- 47
29- 3«
29.36
29.32
29.11
29.44
29-55
29.52
29.80
29.62
29.62
39.70
29. 63
29.62
29.62
29.68
29.63
29. 60
29-55
29.50
29.48
Tem|ierature of the air,
Fahrenheit.
Wind.
Weather.
<
«/
«7
"7
17
>7
•7
•7
"7
"7
>7
17
«7
19
«9
«9
"9
'9
>9
19
22
22
22
22
22
32
32
22
22
32
22
22
26
36
26
26
36
26
36
26
36
26
26
26
30
30
30
30
30
30
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
Kemarks.
Exp'd.
e
30
30
27
23
19.5
22
25
27
Max.
Min.
0
direc-
tion.
NW...
NW...
Calm . .
NW..
NW...
N
N
N
NW...
NW...
NW...
NW...
NW...
NW...
NW...
Calm..
NW...
NW..
Velocity.
till.
Aug. 31, II a.m
3«. 31'n'---
31, 7p.m
31, II p. m
Sept. 1, 3 a.m
I, 7 a.m
1,11a. m
I, 3p.m
1, 7 p. m
I, II p.m....
3, 3a.m...
2, 7 a. Ill
3, II a. Ill
Sept. 7, II a.m.. .
7. 3pn>----
7. 7pni..-.
7, II p.m...
8, 3 a. m
8, II a.m
8, 3P-n>
Sept. II, 3p.m
II, 7 p. m
11, 12 midnight
13, 7.10 a. m .
13,11 a.m
13, 1.20 p.m.
12, 3p.m
12, 6.25 p.m.
12, 10.30 p. m .
13, 7.30 a.m.
13, ii.i5a.m .
'3. 3-45 P'"-
Sept. 24, 3 p.m .
24, 7p.m...
25, 7 a. m
25,11 a.m...
25, 3 p.m..
36, 7 a.m
36, II a.m
36, 3 p.m....
26, 7 p.m
27, 7a.m....
37, II a.m
37, 3 p.m....
Oct. 5, 7 p.m
0
Krenh....
(ientle...
0
Brislt
I-ight....
Briik....
High....
..do
..do
Freih
.-do.
Light
..do
Moderate.
Fre«h....
0
Moderate.
Fair
...do
...do
. do
Clear
Wist of 1 listant (.'ape.
Nearly opixwitc Distant Cape.
Nearly (ip|K>silu Saint Patrick's Hay.
Minimum ihcniionivtcr lost overlmanl.
Made landing 1 mile S. uf Mount Keaufurt.
log on h(iri/on.
Channel filled with ice.
Fort Conger to head of St, Patrick Bay and
return.
Fort Conger to the Bellows and return.
Minimum thermometer during night, -| 1°.
l-'ort Conger to Dejiot H and return.
Minimum —14.5° during night i>f 24th.
Minimum — 1 1° during night of 25lh.
Thermometer left at Mount Beaufort.
Minimum —9° during day.
Minimum —5° during night of 26tli.
The "Bellows".
Fort Conger to Mount Parry and return.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Fair.
....do
..-do..
do
Cloudy
...do
...do
do
Clear
31
«9-5
21-5
19.0
30.0
16
>9
16.3
'3 5
17
30
32
19.8
31
9
4
3-5
8.5
II. 0
-V
- 6
I
— 3
— 4
Light snow
Foircv .
...^do.::::::::.
Light fog..
N
N
Fresh .
Moderate.
- 3
0
—18
—24
—18
—20
-25
-25
—10
—10.8
-15.0
—12.4
— II
-«3S
— 10. 2
-3-5
N
N.
High
6, 7 a. m
do
6, 4 p.m
N
do
6, 4.20 p. m .
6, 7 p.m
N.
..do...
N.
. do
7, 7 a. m
N.
..do. .
Oct. 3, 7 p. m . . .
NE
4, 7 a. m
NE
4. 7 p. Ill
Calm . .
5, 7 a. m
Calm
5, 6 p. m
N
6, 8 a. m
NE ..
6, 7 p.m
NE
7, 6 a. m....
NE
m
I >'
442
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXI'KDITION.
Taiile C],XXXVl,—,)fffivr(>/i>x'iiii/4>fisi'n'tifwHS nuuU by JitU piirlUs of the Liu/y Franklin Hay ExpaMon — Continued.
\}\
itate.
Oct.
Nov.
Mar.
1881
7. 8
7
1883
«. .1
2. 7
2,11
2. I.
3. 7
.?. 7
4. 7
5. 7
S."
5. 2
5. 4
6. 6
7. 8
7. '«
7. S
8, 8
8, 12
8. 4
9, 6
9."
p.m.
p. m _
a. Ill
n. m
ij p. m
a. Ill
p. Ill
n. Ill . . _
a. Ill
a. in .
p. Ill
p. in
p. m
a. ni -
a, m
p. Ill
a. Ill
noon . .
p. in . .
a. m
a. m
Mar. 14,
•4.
«4,
•4.
>S.
IS.
«S.
•s.
•s.
16,
16.
16,
16.
16,
«7.
•7.
«7.
«7.
18,
18,
18,
'9.
«9.
•9.
•9,
>9.
«9.
•9.
20,
20,
11.15 a.m
I p. m_..
3p.m. .
7 p. m ..
7 a. ni. ..
9 a. m
II a.m .
3pm...
S pni....
8 a. in...,
1 1 a. ni . .
1 p. in .
3p.m ._
4pm...
7 a. m
9 a.m
3P. m
S pm ,.
8 a. m
12 noon ..
2 p. m
5 »• m .
6 a. m .
7 a. in
10 a. m
11.38 a. ni
I p. m
7 P'n
3 ".m
9.05 a. m .
Mar. 20, 7 a. m...
20. 10 a. m...
20, s p. m...
21, 9a.m..
21.11 a. ni
21, 7p.m._.
22, 7a.m_.
22, I p. m
22, 7 p.m...
Harom-
eter, tn
sea
level,
iHlhiS.
Tcni|>eratiire or the air,
Fahrenheit.
RxpM.
1.9
350
29.65
29.36
29.04
28. 96
29. 03
29.54
29. 65
29. 68
29.50
29. 42
29.50
29- 57
29.52
29. 50
29.42
29. 28
29.29
29.41
29. 69
29.62
29. 63
29. 63
29.95
29. 72
29.69
29.72
29.70
30.02
29.95
29. 96
29.98
30.02
303"
30.27
30.27
30.38
30. 35
30. 22
30-25
30. 22
30-23
30. 23
30- 45
30-43
30-38
30.20
30.04
29.87
29.71
29.67
29.51
29- 3j
29. 22
29.15
-18
35
37'
25'
37-
SO
-.S5.
-52.
Si-o
36.5
49-5
44.0
-42.0
-35-0
-30.0
-33-5
-34.0
-39- o
-44.0
-44-0
46.0
S3-
50.
-39-
-40.
41
43-
39- o
.«• O
35- S
-33- S
-33-0
35-0
33- o
35- S
—41.0
" 34- S
—3'- 2
-28.5
-28.0
— 27.0
26. 8
-37- S
— 330
-37-0
-370
-28.0
— 3».o
—27.0
—20.0
— 10. o
- 10. o
—20. O
— 20.0
—36.0
-35- o
Max.
Min.
-38.0
-45-0
-37- o
-51.0
52.0
-52.0
-43- o
-3S-0
-49.8
—61.0
—44-0
-43- o
-43-2
-36.0
-57- o
—38.0
-43-8
— 41.0
—22.0
— 24.0
Wind.
Direc-
tion.
NE.
Velocity.
SE...
NE...
NE
NE ...
NE...
NE...
NE...
NE...
S ....
NE...
NE...
NE...
NE ...
NE ..
NE. .
NE ..
NE...
NE...
NE...
NE...
Calm
Calm .
Calm
Calm ,
Calm ,
Calm
NE...
Drink .
Light.
,.clo
do...
NE._
NE...
NE...
SE ...
Calm .
Calm .
NE...
NE...
NE..
NE...
NE..
NE...
SE...
SE..
SE...
Calm .
N...
N..
NVV.
E
SE....
SE_..
SE._._
SE....
E
Calm ..
E
-do...
Kritk .
I-resh .
Liuht .
.dS...
Weather.
Light snow
Clearing ...
Fair
...do
Cloudy
-do...
.<Io...
Krcsh .
<lo ..
llri.sk .
■lo ..
-do...
Fair . .
o.
....do.
-do..
Cloudy,
--.do..
do
do.
.1.
.do...
do-
l.ighl.
-do...
Light.
lirisk .
-do...
Light.
F'ttsh -
Brisk .
..do...
FVesh .
do...
Light .
..do...
.do...
Fresh .
F'resh .
Light .
-do...
Light...
.do
lirisk .
Light .
F'resh .
Light .
-do...
Gentle .
do.
do.
Light mow .
Foggy ..-.
Cloudy
....do
Cleor.--
F'air
...do.-.
-do...
....do...
.--do...
Clear ...
Cloudy
. do
Fair
Light snow .
....do
Fair .
Cloudy
- <lo
...do
F"air
Cloudy
....do
Light snow .
F'air
Fair . .
-..do.
.-.do.
Light snow
---do
Cloudy.
...do.-
. .do.
Fair . .
...do.
-do-
.do.
35
35
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
39
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
44
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
Remark*.
I-'orl Conger to Mt. Parry and return.
Shift Kuililer Hay.
DeiHit II.
Do.
On the ittraitH.
Do.
On Greenland coast, N. of Ca|>e Lupton.
Thank God llarUir.
Do.
F:ast of Hall's Kcst.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Di).
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Newman Ray.
To Greenland coast.
Minimum set 7 p. m.
Minimum set 4.45 p. m.
Minimum set 3 p. m.
Minimum set 2.30 p. m.
Minimum at Cape Murchison.
Minimum set 7 p. m.
Minimum thermometer at Cape Murchison.
To Lincoln Hay; Dcjiot B, minimum set
7 p. m., 19th.
Do.
Between Cape Beechey and Wrangel Bay ;
minimum set 7 p. m.
Between Cape Beechey and Wrangel Bay.
Do.
Wrangel Bay ; minimum set 7 p. m.
Wrangel Hay.
Three miles S. of Cape Frederick.
Lincoln Bay; minimum set 7 p. m.
TIIK LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEUITION
443
Table CM, XXXVI. — Mcteoroloj^Ual obsenatiotis maJe by fiilJ fnirtifs of tht Lady Franklin flay F.xpea'ififlH — Continued.
Murchison.
inimum set
Date.
1883.
Mar. 2,1, 8 a. m
8 p. m
24
'4
as
as
as
2h
26,
a?
a?
a?
38
38
38,
39
a9,
39,
30,
Mar. 19,
30
23
n
34
34
34
34
as
as
36,
36,
37
a?
37
37
38,
38
38
28,
38,
a9.
39,
a9
30
30
3°:
3«
3'
3«
31
Apr.
a. m.
p. m
a. Ill .
a. m.
a. m
a. m.
p. in .
a. Ill
p. m.
p. m.
a. in .
a. m.
p. m.
7 0. m
3I>. ni ...
7 p.m
I p. m
3.40 p.m
9.30 a. m .
I p. m
5 p.m
13 noon ...
7 p.m....
6 a. m
8 a.ni
II a. m
6 p. m
31'"' — -
13 midnight
10.30 a. m
SPm...
10 a. m
3 P' m —
4pni...
6 p. m...
6 a. m...
7 a. m...
11 a.m...
11 a.m..
8 p. m...
10 a.m....
3 p.m...
7 P- m—
1 3 noon . .
3Pm...
7 p.m...
6 a.m...
8 a.m...
I p. m...
4pm...
1 2 noon . .
4pn>...
I a.m...
9.30 p. m
S a.m...
8 p. m
13.30 a. m
4 a.m...
7pm....
Kanim-
I'tcr, tu
Ilea
Itvil,
Ittihts.
39. 31
29.33
a9-43
3'). S8
29.65
29.61
29. 56
29. 60
39. 6i
39- S7
29.56
39. S7
39.56
39.47
39.44
39.31
39.01
38.91
39.38
'rt'nii)craturc of the air,
Kahrviiheit
Kxp'il.
-33- o
37^0
-4SO
49. o
-48.0
- \h. O
-40.0
-36.0
33.0
39
37.
3'
43
33
46.
38.0
-33- o
— Soo
—31.0
-34- o
-30.
-36.
-30.
-a3.
-39.
-45-
43-
39-
36.
a7.
12.
33-
-34-
-a3-
-30.
-31.
-II.
-«s.
-30.
- s-
-18.
33-
-39.
-3f.
'S-
- 8.
-10.
-13.
-14.
-«7-
-a7.
30.
-38.
-43.
-30.
-36.
36.
-13.
-'4-
- 4-
Max.
Min.
0
-40. 0
Wind.
Direc-
tion.
Velocity.
-53- o ]
-5«"o']
-Si.o
— 40.0
-45. o
-50.0
50.0
-39- o
-34.0
-40.0
-56.3
38. o
37- o
44- o
—35.0
-43-0
53.0
15.0
-35- o
-56.0
-36.5
E....
Calm .
aim.
SK...
Calm .
Calm .
.S
Calm
S\V ..
sw
sw .
sw ..
Calm .
S
SW ..
NE ..
SK ..
Light
Freih
I.iBht...
SW
I.iKhl .
Fresh
..tlo....
do....
Kreiih .
(ientle .
Fresh.,
.do....
.do....
.do...
Weather.
....do.
Clouily.
Clear
Clear
Fair
l'"KKy <"* !<lrail!t
Clear
do
Cloudy.
Fair . .
Fair . . .
...do..
Clear .
...do.
...do.
Cloudy.
Fair . . .
...do..
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
4$
45
45
45
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
Remarki.
Lincoln Itny.
lli'lwevn Capi' lleecheyand Wranj;el Hay;
niiiiiiniiiii lit K p. 111.
Iliiwi'i-M Capo llci'chcy anil \V runnel May.
I)f|x>t II; iiiiiiinuini Mi, 7 p. in.
l>C|Hlt li.
Do.
Cape llfcchi'y; niininuini si-l, 11 p. 111.
Di'iKit 1:.
I)c|Kit II; iniiiiiniiMi >vt, II p.m.
lk-|Mit II.
Do.
l)e|iot It; inininiuni set, 7 p. ni.
|ll-|Ml| K.
Capf llt'c'L'liey.
Miie 5 mill's ftoni Cape Hi'i-chey ; minimuni
set, 6 p. in.
Floe 5 miles fnini Cape lleecliey.
Dcix)t K.
Floe 5 miles from Cape llecchey.
l)e|Hit E; minimum let, I a. m.
.Shift Kuildir iiay.
Minimuni during night.
Do.
Minimum during night.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Minimum during day.
(i I
i 1
* In auo.
444
THE LADY rEAJTKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXXVI. — Meteorological obsen'at'wns made by field parties of the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition — Continued.
m
Is
M
DaUu
Barom-
eter, to
sea
level.
Temiierature of the air,
Fahrenheit.
Wind.
Weather.
•3
I
0.
<
Remarks.
Exp'd.
Max.
Min.
Direc-
tion.
Velocity,
1882.
Apr. 8, 8 p. m
Inches.
0
4.8
6.5
0.0
10. 0
12.0
17.0
35
0.0
4.0
6.5
0.0
- 50
— 10. 0
-13- S
10. 0
0.0
8-5
1.0
- 55
—10. 0
0
0
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
47
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
SO
50
SO
S3
S3
S3
S3
53
53
53
S3
Minimum during rest.
In tent, 29"'.o.
Oscillating all day between — 10 and -f 12.
To the Bellows, head Basil Norris Bay,
Clouds: cirro-stratus, 4; direction, N*.
The Bellows. Clouds: cirrus, 2; direc-
tion, 0.
The Bellows.
Do.
The Bellows. Clouds : amount, 8.
The Bellows. Clouds : upper, hidden ;
lower, 10; direction, 0.
The Bellows.
I'he Bellows. Clouds : upper, hidden,
lower, 10; direction, 0.
The Bellows. Clouds : upper, hidden ;
lower, 10; direction, NE'.
The Bellows.
Barometer top of mountain, 28.30.
Do.
Do.
Barometer top of mountain, 28.30. Clouds :
amount, 4.
Barometer top of mountain, 28.30.
Clouds: upper, hidden ; lower, 10; direc-
tion, 0.
Cape Murchison ; minimum set, 10,55 *■ ">•
Cape Murchi.son.
Depot B ; minimum se^, 8 p. in.
Deiwt U.
On the march.
On the strait ; minimum set, 6 a. m.
On the strait.
9, 7 a. m
10, 5 n, m
II, 3a. m
II, I p. m
II, 2p.m
12, I a. m
— 2. 0
12, 6 a. m
12, 9.i.m
13, II a. m
14, 3 a.!
I4, 2p.m
14, S p. m
14, 7 p. m
IS, I a.m
16, 6 a. m
17, 12 noon ...
17, 7 p. m
18, 10 a. m
18, II p.m
19
26, 9 a. m
- 30
— lO.O
- S-S
- 40
- 50
-6.5
- 70
— 10. 0
- 1.0
0.0
1.0
130
7-5
14.0
26, 9 p. m
27, 10 a. m
27, 8 p. m
28, 7 a. ni
28, 7 p.m
29, 3 a. m
29, 9 p. m
30, 4 a. m
30, 6 p. m
May I, 9 a. m
I, 9 p. m
May 26, 7 .1. m
26, 6.25 p. m .
26, 8.45 p. m .
26, 9.4< ,..m.
27, I a. Ml
27,11.30 a.m.
27, 1.15 p. m .
21. 5 p.m
28, 12.02 a.m .
28, 6.55 a. m .
28. 9.05 a. ni
29. 330 a- '" -
29, 7 a. Ill
29, 8.50 a. m .
29. 4.30 p.m.
30, 9.50 a. m .
.Apr. 3, 12 mdt
4, 3 a. Ill
4, 8.45 !'• '" -
4, 12 mdt ...
5, 3p. m....
5, 12 mdt ....
6, 4.20 a. m .
6, 6 a. m
30.23
30.16
30. 16
30.05
30.05
30.00
29.9s
29.96
29.8s
29.86
29.78
29.94
29. 91
29.9s
30. 10
29.83
29.65
29. 62
29.78
29.62
29. 62
Calm
20.0
7.0
NW...
Light
Clear..
23.0
34- 0
35- 0
34- S
32- 9
29.5
3'- 5
3'-9
4s"o'
30.0
N
S
Light
Moderate.
Cloudy
....do!
42.0
29.0
S
s
Strong
Light
Cloudy
....do
40.8
36.0
27.0
-32.0
-32- 0
— 29.0
-28.5
—22.0
-27.0
— 46.0
—40.0
Fair
E
Strong
Snow
—41.0
Light snow
do
-29. 5
NW
Fair
Calm
Fair
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXrEUlTlON.
445
Table CLXXXVI. — Meteorological obsennUiom made by field parties of the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition — Continued.
Apr.
Date.
1882.
6, 8 p. m
6, 12 indt
7, 3.30 a. m .
7, 7 a. m
7, 8 p. Ill
7, 12 nult
8, 9p. m
9, I a. m. _, .
9, 9 a. m
9, 8 p. m
9, 12 null
11, 12 mdt
12, 6 a. Ill
8.30 a. m .
8 a. m
8 a. m
9 a. m
8 p. m
16, 12 mdt
17, 9a.m...
17, 9 a. Ill
17, 12 mdt .__
18, 7 a. m
"3.
14.
•S.
16.
16,
Harom-
eter, to
sea
level.
Inchi':.
29- 5S
29.62
29.67
29. 80
29.82
30-47
30- 55
30. 80
30.78
30. 62
18, 10 p. m
18, 12 mdt
19, 7a.m...
>9.
20,
ao,
9 p.m..
2 a. m..
6 a. m..
20, II p.m.
21, 9a.m.
21,:
22,
23.
*3.
24,
24.
25.
25.
26,
26,
I p.m.
8 a.m.
4a.m
6 p. m
8 a. m
6 p. m
7 a. m
12 noon
6 a. m
7 p.m....
27, 7 a. m
27, 8p.m
28, 1 2 noon . .
a8, 8p.m
May
29.
30.
30.
I,
I,
I,
I,
8 a. m
1.05 p. m
3.40 p. m .
I a. m...
3a.m...
3.20 a. m
7.48 p. m
29.25
29.02
28.88
28.83
28.76
28.85
28.93
28.88
28.74
28.75
28.70
28.62
28-73
28.45
28. 60
28.60
29.25
28.98
29-35
29.57
29.17
29.25
29-43
29.45
29-53
29-55
29-55
29-45
29.47
29- 53
29.40
29.40
29.47
29.47
29.46
29- 375
Temiierature of the air,
Fahrenheit.
Exp'd.
—33- o
— 29.0
—20.8
-25-5
-19-5
-17.8
10. o
2.0
9-5
.3-5
- 6.0
- 3-0
8.0
10. 3
12.3
3-0
-9.0
II. o
- 3-0
-95
-3-8
Max.
— 9.0
— 8.0
-13.0
— 14.0
— 14. o
-•9-5
-38.
- 5-
— 3-
8.
8.0
14.0
6-5
II. 5
14.
3-
- 5-
—14.
->7-
—14-
— 14.0
—16.0
-II. 5
— 6.0
- o.s
21.0
29- 5
- i.o
Min.
-48.8
—28.0
7.0
7-2
3-8
Wind.
Direc-
tion.
E
SE
sw ...
SE....
SE....
SW ...
SW ...
SW ...
SW ...
SW ..
Cahn
Velocity.
Light...
Brisk ....
.do
Kresh
Fresh
IJale
.do...
.do...
Urisk .
Fresh .
SW
3-0
-15.0
-40.0
- 7-0
7.0
4.0
9.0
-15.0
-2!S
— 16.0
— 22.
— 14.
NE ...
E
E
Calm ..
Calm ..
Calm . .
Calm ..
Calm ..
Calm _ _
Weather.
...do
Cloudy
Fair .
Light snow .
Clear
Fair . .
...do.
Hrisk ..
Light..
..do...
Fair
Clear _
Fair _ ,
Light snow . __.
Fair
i Clear ...
Cloudy
Light snow
Calm ..
Calm ..
Calm . -
.do....
SE....
SE....
SE
SE...
Qilm
Calm.
Calm
N..
SW.
Calm
Calm .
Calm .
NE.
Brisk ....
..do
40 miles,
estimated.
Brisk ..
Fresh
Light .
Light snow .
...do
...do
Clear ..
....do^
Cloudy.
Fair
Light snow .
.....do.
Fair..
Clear
Clear ..
Cloudy.
Clear ..
....do..
.do.
53
S3
53
53
53
53
53
S3
53
53
S3
S3
S3
S3
53
S3
S3
53
53
S3
S3
S3
S3
53
53
53
S3
S3
53
53
S3
S3
S3
S3
53
S3
S3
S3
53
53
S3
53
53
53
S3
S3
S3
53
53
53
Remarks.
minimum set, 8.30 a. m.
; minimum set, 8 a. ni.
On the strait.
On the march.
( )n the .strait ; minimum set, 4 a. m.
On the .strait.
Do.
On the march.
On the strait.
Do.
Do.
Do.
On the march.
Polaris Ixiat camp.
Do.
I'olaris Ixiat camp
I'olaris boat camp
Do.
I'olaris boat camj).
Do.
On the march, Newman Bay.
Brevoort Peninsula; mininiuin set, 9 a. in.
Brevoort Peninsula.
On the march.
Camp VIII, Brevoort Peniiisulu ; minimum
set, 7 a. III.
Camp VIII, Brevoort Peninsula.
On the march.
Camp IX, Brevoort Peninsula; minimum
set, 7 a. m.
Camp I.\, Brevoort Peninsula.
On the march. Summit Divide.
Camp X, Brevoort Peninsula; minimum
set, 6 a. m.
Camp X, Brevoort Peninsula.
Camp \I, Brevoort Penin.sula; minimum
set, 9 a. m.
Camp XI, Brevoort Peninsula.
Camp XII, co.ist near Repulse Harbor;
minimum set, 8 a. in.
Camp XI I, coast near Repulse Harbor.
Camp XIII, Snow ,Slo]>es; minimum set,
6 p. ni.
Camp XIII, Snow Slopes.
Camp XIV, Black Horn ClilTs; minimum
set, 6 p. 111.
Camp XIV, Black Horn ClilTs.
Camp XV, south Cape Stanton; mini-
mum set, 1 2 noon.
Camp XV, south Cape .Stanton.
Camp XVI, north side Hand Bay; mini-
mum set, 7 p. ni.
Camp .south side l-'ranklield Bay.
Camp XVH, Cape Bryant ; mininiuin set,
8 p. m.
Camp XVII, Cape Bryant.
C.imp XVII, Cape Bryant ; minimum set,
8 p. m.
Camp XVII, Cape Bryant.
Opposite Beaumont Fiord ; in tent, tlicr-
momcter -)-24.o°.
Opposite Cape May.
1j
Note.— Fort Conger to Bo«t C«mp, April 3 to 16: Mean thermometer, —15.77° ; number of ob«ervatinns, , «.-.. .............. ..,.,, - .-
ti, Bo»t Csmp to Cape Bryant, April «6 to April 19 : Mean thermometer, —7.36° ; number of observations, 39 ; mean barometer, 29.09 ; number ot observations, aj.
mean barometer, 39.74 : number of observations.
li
446
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table ChXXXWl.— 'Meteorological observations made by field parties of the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition — Q.ow'CmwtA.
\r i
Date.
Barom-
eter, to
sea
level.
Temperature of ihe air,
Kahrenheit.
Wind.
Weather.
<
Remarks.
Exp'd.
Max.
Min.
0
Direc-
tion.
Velocity.
1882.
May I, 9.40 p.m.
2, 9 a.m
2
2, 5.3s p.m.
3-
4, 4.30 a. m
4, 7 a. m
4, 4.45 p. m .
5, I a. m
5, 2.43 a.m.
5, 5 a.m....
6, 12.50 a.m .
6, I p.m
7, 2.55 a.m.
7, 9pm
7, 10.45 p.m.
8, 4.25 a. m .
8, 8.30 a. m .
8, 6 p.m
8, 10.50 p. m .
9, 9 a.m
II, 3.15a.m.
II, 4.10 a. m .
11, 9.20 a. m .
12, 2.45 a. m .
12, 9 p.m
13,12.30 a.m.
May 31, 5.15 a.m .
31, 7 a.m....
31, 4p.m.-..
3«. 7P-m
31, 8.05 p.m.
31, 9-35 P-m-
June I, I a.m
I, 4 a. m
1, 10.15 1. m .
2, 2 a. m
June 6, 2.45 p. m .
6, 4-35 P- m
7, 8.41 a. m .
7,11.34 a.m.
7,12.31 p.m.
7, 2.17p.m.
7, 3.30 p.m.
7,10.55 p.m.
8, 1.20 a.m.
1883.
Mar. 10, 12 noon ...
10, 6 p.m
11, 9a. m
12, 8a. m
13, 7 a.m
13, I p. m
Irenes.
29.40
29-35
29.32
29-43
29-47
29-57
29.62
29.46
29.52
27.32
29.48
29-37
29-37
29-30
29.28
29.28
29.32
29-42
29.40
0
— I.O
0
-
S3
53
53
S3
53
S3
S3
S3
S3
53
S3
53
S3
53
53
13
53
S3
S3
S3
53
S3
53
53
S3
53
S3
Si
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
54
55
55
55
55
5S
55
55
55
55
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
66
On tloe, west of Stephenson Island.
In tent, 36.5°.
In tent, 40.0°.
Summit.
In camp.
Barometer out of order.
To Black Rock Vale, "Bellows."
Knife Edge.
Point B.
To Lake Hazen.
To Lincoln Bay; Depot A.
Depot B.
Depot B ; minimum set, 9 a. m.
Between Beechyand Wrangel Bay;
wind during night.
Off Wrangel Bay.
Depot B.
Wrangel Bay.
Lincoln Bay.
Lincoln Bay ; gale during night.
Wrangel Bay.
Do.
Depot B.
Depot B; gale during night.
Dejiot B.
heavy
22.0*
8.5
26. 5
19.0
8-5
27.0
(t)
2.0
14.5
12.0
7-5
22.5
22.5
16.0
'5-5
'7-5
28.0
10. 0
Clear
Light snow
Calm ..
Calm ..
Clear
Calm
Clear
S
Light
w
Calm
..do
Clear
10
Snow
Calm
...do
Light snow
Light snow
Cloudy , .
W
29-43
29.42
12.0
9.0
10. 0
6.0%
High ....
Snow
Snow
do
29-35
29.30
30.36
30.38
36.34
30.31
30.30
30.30
30. i3
30.25
30.30
30.15
29.78
29.61
29.64
29-52
29.52
29.28
29. 35
-9-78
.29- 78
30.10
30. '5
29-73
30.00
29.62
9.0
II. 0
NW
.Snow ..
._
-39.'
- 43. 0
-44.0
NE....
NK....
NE....
S. ....
NE
NE....
NE....
S
H
Light
..do
..do
Fresh...
..do
..do
..do
..do
Brisk .....
Light..,.
Fair
....do
....do
....do
...do
....do...^
....do
....do
do....
....do
. .do
—48.0
-35-0
—48.0
13, 7 p.m....
14- 7 p.m....
15, 8 a.m
15. 7pm....
16, 7 a.m
16, i p.m
17. 7 a.m 1
17. 5 pm....
29.48
29- 53
29.85
30. 10
30.21
30.21
30. 10
29.99
SW...
Calm
—24.0
-24.0
NK....
SW...
s
Brisk....
Fresh
Light ....
....do
....do..
....do
* In sun.
t Column separated.
t In tent.
% Warm.
Npte.— Cape Bryant to Cape Britannia, April 19 to May 5 : Mean temperature, -Hp.gi" ; number of observations, 18 ; mean barometer, 29.4-) ; number of observa-
tions, 19. Cape Britannia to Farthest, May 5 to May 15: Mfean temperature, |-ia.34°; numberof observations, 3a; mean barometer, 29.^9; number of observations, 33.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
447
Table CLXXXVI. — Meteorological observations tiunle by field parties of the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition— Continued.
Date.
1883.
Mar. 27, 4 p. ra
28, 7 a. m
28, 5 p. m
29, 7.30 a. m .
Apr.
29.
30.
30.
3'.
3'.
I,
I.
2,
2,
2,
2,
2.
2,
Jer of observa-
lerviUons, 33.
7 p.m.
7 ». in -
7 p.m.
7 a. m.
Sp.m.
7 a.m.
7 p.m.
7 a.m.
1 p. m .
2 p.m.
3pm.
4 p.m.
5p.m.
6 p.m.
2, 7 p.m...
2, 9 p.m...
3, 8 a.m...
3, 9a.m...
3, 10 a, m
3, II a.m..
3, 1 2 noon . .
3. » p.m...
3, 2p.m...
3. 3pm---
3, S p.m....
3, 7 p.m....
4, 10 a. m
5, 12 noon ...
S. 3P-m.-..
5, 7 p.m....
6, 10 a. m
6, Sp.m
7, 7 a. m
7, 10 a.m
7, 12 noon ...
1 p. m
2 p. m
p. m.__
6 p. m
7 p.m...
8 p. m
9p.m___
10 p.m
8 p.m
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
8,
Barom-
eter, to
sea
level.
/nc/ies.
29.90
29.92
29.96
29.91
29.91
29.99
29.22
29.09
29.71
29.50
29.61
29.61
29.68
29.65
29.71
29.72
29.72
29.71
29.60
29.61
29.68
29. 69
29.58
29.62
29.61
29.63
29.61
29.60
29.41
29.57
29.51
30.05
30.01
30.02
30- «3
29.79
29. 69
29.71
29.76
29.79
29. 80
29.80
29.81
29.79
29.91
29. 92
29.99
29. 82
Temperature of the air,
Fahrenheit.
Exp'd.
— II. o
— 9.0
— 70
— 7.0
-7.0
-8.0
— 12.0
-28. o
-22.0
—30.0
— 40.0
—37-0
—28.0
— 330
— 36.0
—42.0
—42.0
— 40.0
-38.0
— 42.0
— 22.0
— 22.0
— 19.0
— 23.0
— 22.0
— 24.0
—30.0
— 340
-35°
-38.0
- 70
-24.0
-10. o
-6.0
-12.0
-13.0
-14.0
-ISO
-16.0
-14.0
-14.0
-14.0
-12. O
-29.0
Max.
Min.
-36.0
-34- o
-45- o
-52.0
— 430
—32.0
Wind.
-30.0
Direc-
tion.
SW...
Calm .
Calm .
.S
SW
SW....
Calm ..
Calm . .
SW
N
Calm ..
SW
NK....
NE._..
NE....
Calm ..
Calm ..
Calm .,
NE....
Calm ..
NE.
NE___
NE...
NE...
NE...,
NE....
NE...
NE.
NE...
Calm .
SW..
SE....
SE.
SE.
SE.
SW.
NE.
SW.
SW.
SW.
SW.
SW,
SW.
SW.
sw_
SW.
SW.
SW.
Velocity.
Light .
Brisk ...
Fresih
Light...
Light .
.do...
Light .
.do...
.do.
.do.
Light .
Light .
.do...
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
..do.
.do.
Light .
Gale..
..do
..do
Fresh
Light...
..do
..do
..do
Fresh
..do
Brisk . .
..do
..do
..do
..do
..do
Gentle ..
Weather.
Fair. .1..
Light snow
...do
Cloudy.
Threatening
Light snow _
Fair
Clear
Fair
Clear
Fair
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do
....do.
..do.
.do.
Cloudy.
...do..
...do.
...do.
...do.
...do.
Fair . .
.-do...
.-..do..
Cloudy.
....do..
Cloudy
Fair
Cloudy
Snow
....do
Cloudy
Snow
...do.
Cloudy
....do
....do
....do
....do
Fair .
Remarks.
Cape Bcechey.
Do.
Rol)eson Channel, near Cape Sumner.
Robeson (."hannol, near Cape Sumner ;
high wind during night.
Newman Bay.
Newman Bay.
On diyide in (iap Valley.
Do.
North end of Gap Valley.
Do.
Near Black Horn Cliffs; water cloud.s
over northern sky.
Near Black Horn Clitfs.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Near Black I lorn ClilTs. Clouds : stratus ;
amount, 2 ; direction, o.
Near Black Horn Clitfs. Clouds: stratus;
amount, 3; direction, o.
Near Black I lorn Clitfs. Clouds ; stratus ;
amount, 4; direction, o.
Do.
Near Black Horn Cliffs. Clouds; stratus;
amount, 6; direction, o.
Near Black Horn Cliffs. Clouds: stmtus;
amount, 10; direction, o.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Near Black Horn Cliffs. Clouds: stratus;
amount, 7 ; direction, o.
Near Black Horn Cliffs. Clouds : Upper,
cirro-cumulus; amount, 3; direction, o;
lower, stratus; amount, 3; direction, o.
Near Black Horn Cliffs. Clouds : Upper,
cirro-stratus; amount, 3; direction, o;
lower, stratus; amount, 3; direction, o.
Near Black Horn Cliffs. Clouds: Upper,
cirro-stratus; amount, 3; direction, o;
lower, stratus; amount, I; direction, o.
Near Black Horn Cliffs.
Abont4 miles from Repulse I larbor. Over-
taken at I !>. m. of the 4th by a severe
SE. gale while passing over the snow
slojies. Went into camp, where we were
obliged to remain for over forty hours.
Gale abated early morning of the 6tli.
.\bout 4 miles from Repulse Harbor.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Cape Sumner.
448 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXXVI, — Meteorolof^ioil obsennUions made by field parties of the Lady Franklin Bay Fx/iedition — Continued.
i: \
! i
1;i
Date.
Apr.
I
9.
9
9<
9<
9.
9
9
9.
9.
9
9
9
lo,
lo,
II
II
12
Apr. 10,
lo,
lo,
II
II
II
II
12
12
«3
«3
>3
«3
14,
«4.
J4
>4i
«4.
May 7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
8,
8
8
8
8,
8
8
8
8
8
8
883.
9 a.m
II a.m
1 p. m
2 p. m
3p.m.__
4p.m._.
Sp.m._.
7 p.m.__
8 p. m
9p.m...
10 p. m
11 p. in
8 a. ni
7 p.m...
6 a. m
5p.m__..
7 a. m
6 p. m
6.30 p. m ,
7.10 p. m .
3 a. m
5 a.m
I p. m
p.m..
a. m..
p.m..
a.m..
a. m..
noon .
p.m..
a. m..
a. m..
a.m..
p.m..
p.m..
12 noon .
1 p. m..
2 p. m..
3 p. ni..
4 p.m..
5 p. ni-
6 p.m..
7 p.m..
8 p. m..
9 p.m..
10 p, m..
11 p. m..
I2mdt ..
1 a.m..
2 a.m..
3 a.m..
4 a. m..
5 a.m..
6 a.m..
7 a.m..
8 a.m..
9 a.m..
10 a.m..
11 a.m..
1 2 noon .
I p.m..
Barom-
eter, to
sea
level.
Inches.
29.68
29.65
29.63
29.62
29.62
29.61
29.60
29.59
29.61
29. 62
29.64
29.62
29.71
30.00*
29.95
29. 88*
30.00*
30-49
30. 49
30.37
30.39
30.55
30.58
30.58
30.59
30.60
30.55
30.53
30.53
30.54
30.54
30.54
30.54
30.55
30.59
30.58
30.55
30.59
30.59
30.51
30.53
Tenii>erature of the air,
Fahrenheit.
Exp'd.
-12.
13.
- 9.
-10.
-«3.
-16.
-18.
-16.
-14.
-18.
-24.
-32.
-3'.
-30.
-24.0
-29.0
-24.0
-18.0
-25.0
-32. of
-28.0
-25.0
-12.0
-lO.O
- 5.0
-13. S
95
-13. 5
-14.0
-16. s
-18.0
20.
23.
22.
19.
18.
8.
6.
4.
4-
3.
8.
•3.
II.
II.
10.
7-
4.
5-
9-
12.
13-
12.
14.
Max.
Min.
— 340
-45.0
-36.0
Wind.
Direc-
tion.
SE.
SE.
SE...
SE...
SW...
SE...
SE_._
NE...
NE...
Calm .
Calm .
Calm .
Calm .
SW...
Calm .
NE...
NW..
Velocity.
Light .
..do...
..do...
..do...
..do...
..do...
Fresh.
Light .
..do...
Fresh .
Light .
.do...
SW.and
NE.
NW...
N^I"
NNE.
Calm
S ....
S ....
Calm .
Calm .,
Calm .,
Calm .,
Calm . .
Calm ..
NE.-..
Calm . .
Calm ..
Calm .,
Csdm.
Calm.
N
Calm .
Calm . .
AI)oiit 18
miles.
Light .
Light...
28 to 30 m
8 to 10 m.
Light .
-do...
Light .
Light .
Light .
Calm
SW ... Light.
Calm .
Calm .
SW .
Light
Weather.
Cloudy.
Fair ...
Cloudy.
.....do..
Fair
...do..
...do..
Cloudy.
Fair...
...do..
...do.
....do.
Clear .
....do.
.do.
Fair . .
....do.
Cloudy.
....do..
Clear ,
.do.
.do.
.do.
Clear .
...do.
..-do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
.do.
do
.do.
.do.
.do.
_do.
Remarks.
Cape Sumner.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Robeson Channel. Strong SW. wind blow-
ing while crossing Robeson Channel.
Robeson Channel.
Depot B.
Do.
Six miles from Distant Cape.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
About 7 miles from Hall's Rest.
At Cape Beechey, Grinnell Land, latitude
81° 52.5' N.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Dc.
J
■Barometer No. 16.
t Estimated.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
449
Table CLXXXVI. — Mfteorological observations made by field parties of the Lady Franklin Bay Jix/edi/ion — Continued.
W. wind blow-
\i Channel.
^and, latitude
D«t«
Harom-
eter, lo
sea
level.
Temperature of the air,
Fahrenheit.
Wind.
Weather.
■3
d
<
Remarks.
Kxp'd.
Max.
Min.
0
Direc-
tion.
Velocity.
1883.
May 8, 2 p.m
8, 3 p.m....
8, 4 p.m
8, 5 p.m
8, 6 p.m
8, 7 p.m
8, 8 p.m
8, 9 p.m
8. 10 p. m
8.11 p.m
8, 12 mdt
9, I a. m
9, 2 a. m
9, 3 a.m
9, 4 a. m. ...
9, 5 a.m
9, 6 a, m
Inches.
30.54
30.56
30.58
30.60
30.61
30. 61
30.60
30.61
30-59
0
II. 0
9-5
4.0
3.5
0
•
-SW ...
Calm . .
Calm..
Calm . .
Light
Clear
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
74
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
At *':\\ie Becchey, Grinnell Land,
81° 52.5' N.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
D...
Do.
Do.
Do.
At Cape Baird, Grinnell Land.
)o.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
latitude
...do
....do
. do
To
6.0
Calm..
Calm..
Calm..
Clear
....do
do..
Calm . .
... do
S
Light
....do
30-59
30.59
30.59
30. 59
30-59
14.0
'3-5
II. 5
II. 0
12.5
Calm . .
Clear
Calm . .
Calm . .
.....do ,
....do
Calm..
....do
Calm .
do... ....
9, 7a-m....
9, 8a. m
9, 9 a. m
9, 10 a. m ....
9, II a.m
9, 1 2 noon . . .
9, I p.m....
9, 2 p. m
9, 3p. m....
9, 4 p.m....
9. 5 1>-m ...
9, 6 p. m
May 7, 7 a. m
7, 8 a. m
7, 9a.m....
7, 10 a.m
7.11 a.m ...
7. 12 noon ...
7, ip. m ...
7, 2p.m....
7. 3P-m— -
7, 4P-m- — -
7, 5 p.m....
7, 6 p.m
7. 7P-m.....
7, 8p.m....
7, 9p.m.._.
7, lop.m
7,11 p.m
7, 12 mdt
8, I a. m
8, 2 a.m
8, 3 a. m
8, 4 a. m
8, 5 a.m
8, 6 a. m
8, 7 a.m
8, 8a.m....
8, 9 a. m
8, lo a. m
8, II a.m
8, 1 2 nooii
8, I p. m
8, 2 p. m
8, 3 p.m
8, 4 p.m
8, 5 p. m
8, 6 p. m
30.58
30.53
30- 5 «
30-52
30.50
30.49
30-49
30.43
30.42
30-41
30.41
30.41
30.58
30.57
30.55
30. 55
30.55
30.54
30.54
30-55
30-55
30-56
30.55
30-58
30.58
30.61
30.60
30.60
30.60
30.60
30.61
30.62
30.62
30.62
30.62
30-59
30.59
30.58
30-57
30.56
30.57
30.56
30.59
30.58
30.59
30.60
30.61
30.62
13.0
17.6
13.0
18.5
19.0
24.0
20. 2
20.5
19.0
17.0
10. 0
18.0
E
Calm . .
Calm . .
Light
Clear
....do
....do
Calm . .
Calm . .
Calm . .
Calm
Fair
....do
do
... do
Calm . .
Clear
Calm . .
Calm . .
N
Calm.
Light....
.....do
....do
....do
do
Calm ..
Calm .
Clear
. do
7.6
10. 1
13-6
13.0
13-5
9.8
8.3
71
8.9
9.0
11. 2
7-4
5.0
4-5
2.0
0.0
5-2
6.0
6.0
10. 0
10.5
7.0
6.9
7-1
4-9
5-5
7.6
6.8
6. I
10. 0
9.0
Light....
..do
do
....do
Cum. I, sir. 2...
Clear
SW ...
SW ...
SW ...
Calm ._
Calm ..
Brisk ....
..do
..do
do
do
do
...'.do...
.....do
Calm ..
....do
Calm ..
Calm ..
W...
W.
W
W
W
w
Light".'".".
..do
Brisk ....
..do
..do
..do
Light....
..do
..do
..do
..do
..do
Brisk
Light....
..do
..do
..do
Brisk ".^^
Light....
L.do
L.do
L.do
1
...do
....do
...do....
....do
..__do
....do
....do
do
...do
....do
....do
do
....do
...do...
....do
.-.-do
do
....do
....do
....do
-...do
....do..
do...
....do.
....do
w".""
w
w
w
w
w
w
Calm ..
w ....
w ....
w ....
I'i"
U. filia. 393, pt 2 ^29
450
THE LADY FKANKLIN IJAY EXPEDITION.
Table CLXXXVI. — Afetcorohgical observations made by field parlies of the Lady Ftanklin Bay Av/<'////!ww— Continued.
i^t
Date.
llarom-
etcr, to
sea
level.
Inches.
30.64
30.65
30.66
30.66
30.65
30.65
30.64
30.64
30.63
30. 62
30.60
30.58
30.58
30.56
30.54
30.52
30.52
30.49
29.61
29.60
29.60
29.60
29.60
29.61
29.61
29. 62
29. 62
29. 62
29.61
Temperature of the air,
Fahrenheit.
Wind.
Weather.
<
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
79
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
Remarks.
Exp'd.
Max.
0
Min.
0
Direc-
tion.
Velocity.
1883.
May 8, 7 p. m
8, 8 p. m
8, 9 p. m
8, 10 p. m
8, 1 1 p. in . .
8, 12 mdt
9, I a. ni.
9, 2 a. in
9, 3 a. m
9, 4a.m
9, 5 a. in
9, 6 a. m
9, 7 a. m
9, 8 a. m
9, 9 a. in
9, 10 a. in
9, II a. in
9, 12 noon
May " . 6 p. m
21, 7 p.m
21, 8 p. m
21, 9 p.m....
21, 10 p.m
21, II. 15 p.m .
21, 12 nult
22, I a. in
22, 2 a. m
22, 3a. m
22, 4 a. m
22, 5 a. m
0
9.0
8.1
6.0
8.0
5-9
6.8
5°
6.3
5-9
13.8
II. 9
•3-9
12.0
16.0
17.0
18.0
18.0
18.0
28.0
28.9
29.8
2i.S
22.0
28.5
28.2
29.6
29.2
32.0
Light
do
Clear
At Camp liaird, Grinnell Land.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
At Cape Beechey, Grinnell Land
8l» 52.5' N.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
latitude
do
VV
W ....
w'lir
W ....
W ...
W ....
W ....
W .
W ....
Hrisk ....
..do
LiKht....
Hrisk....
..do
..do
..do
..do
..do
I.iKht....
lirisk....
..do
..do
..do
..do
..do
Fresh
I.iflit....
"i.ight:::;
..do
Cientle ...
Light....
..do
..do
Fresh
Light
....do
....do
....do
...do
....do...
....do
....do
....do
do
...do
...do
....do
....do
....do
...do
....do
Light sncw
... d(i
....do
Cloudy
NE. .
NE...
t'alin . .
NE-...
NE....
NE....
NE....
NE....
NE....
NE..,..
NE....
do...
....do
Light snow
Cloudy ...
do
....do
do
22, 6 a. m
22, 7 a. m
22, 8 a. m
22, 9 a. m
22, 10 a. m
22, II a. in
22, 12 noon ...
22, I p. in
22, 2 p. m
22, 3 p.m
22, 4 p. m
22, 5 p. m
29.60
29.59
29- 59
29.58
29 -57
29- 57
29- S3
29.50
29.50
29.50
29.50
33- 0
32.0
36.0
37- 0
33- 0
35- 0
29.0
34- 0
27. 5
26.5
NE....
NE....
NE.....
Calm ..
Calm ..
Gentle ...
Light....
..do
Clearing
Fair
Clear ...
do
do
Calm ..
Calm ..
... do
... do
Calm ..
Calm ..
NE....
NE .....
Light .'..
..do .
....do..
....do
...do
....do
22, 6 p. m
22, 7 p. m
22, 8 p. m
22, 9 p. in
22, 10 p. m
22, II p. in
22, 12 nult
29.49
29.49
29.49
29.48
29.48
29.48
25- 5
24.5
24.0
21. 0
22.0
20.0
NE....
NE....
NE....
NE....
NE....
NE....
Light
..do.
Fresh
Light
..do
Fresh ....
Fair .
Cloudy..
do
Heavy fog
....do__
....do
23, I a. in
23, 2 a. m
23, 3ani----
23, 4 a. in
2\, S a. m.
29.51
29.50
29.48
«9S
21-5
25.2
30.5
Calm ..
Fair . . . .
Calm ..
do.
NE....
Calm ..
Light ....
Light fog
Fair
23, 6 a. in...
23, 7 a. in
23, 8 a. in
23, 9 a. in
23, 10 a. in
23, 1 1 a. in
29 5'
29-5'
29.52
29.52
29- 53
29.9
35- 0
33- 0
36.0
35- 0
NE....
Calm . .
Light
Fair
do
Calm . .
do
E
Calm . .
Light ....
...do
....do..
23, 12 noon
23, I p. Ill
23, 2 p. ...
23, 3 p. III...
23, 4 p.m
29. 59
29. 60
29. 60
29.61
29.61
26.0
26. 5
28.0
27.0
27.0
NE ...
NE....
NE....
NE
Fresh....
..do
..do
do
F'air
Cloudy..
do
.....do....
....do
NE....
..do
: lir
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY KXPEDITION.
451
Table CLXXXVI. — AfeteorologUnl ohsen'ations made by field parties of the iMdy Frank/in Bay Expedition — Continued.
And ; latitude
Date.
Barom-
eter, to
sea
level.
Temperature of the air,
Fahrenheit.
Wind.
Weatlicr.
1
<
82
82
82
82
82
82
82
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
Remarks.
Exp'd.
Max.
0
Min.
Direc-
tion.
Velocity.
1883.
May 23. 5 p.m
22, 6 p. m
23. 7 p.m---
23, 8 p.m
23. 9 p.m...
23, 10 p. m
23,11 p.m....
Apr. 26, 1 .40 a. m
Inches.
29.66
29.66;
29.68
29.69
29.69
29.69
19.70
0
25-5
29.0
25.0
23-0^
21.5!
22.0
23-0
— 14.0
I.O
- 1.0
S-S
- 5-S
- 5.0
- 50
- 1.0
2.0
\..
NE....
NE.—
NE....
NE....
NE....
NE...
NE..-.
Fresh....
Light...
..do
Fresh....
Light....
Fresh
Light
Cloudy
1
At Cape Heechcy, Grinnell Land ; latitude
81° 52.5' N.
Uo.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Fort Conger to Stony Cape.
Stimy Cape to beyond Hillock Depot.
Do.
Do.
From alwve Hillock De)iot to o])|iosite
Dejxit Point.
Do.
Do.
l-'rom opposite De[K)t Point to head of
Ella Kay.
Do.
Do.
Flla Bay to glacier up valley.
Do.
Do.
Do.
At glacier. Barometer showed an eleva-
tion of 2,550 feet.
Apparent .summit.
Real summit.
Glacier back to Ella Bay.
Do.
Flla Bay to Beatrix Bay.
Do.
Do.
Do.
At Beatrix Bay.
Do.
Do.
Do.
To Mount Eajy.
Do.
0.
Do.
Mount Easy.
Ascent of Mount FCasy.
Do.
Do.
Summit of Mount Easy. Elevation, 2,900
feet, per barometer.
Descent.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Preliminary journey to Musk-ox Valley.
Do.
Do.
Do.
...do
....do
...do
--.-do
Fair
Cloudy
Very fine
Cloudy
26, 5.30 p.m.
27, 3.05 a. m .
27, 6.30 a. m .
27. 730 P-m-
28, 3.30 a. m .
28, 6 a. m
30.20
Calm ..
Calm ..
do
Signs of a coming
storm.
Overcast with
broken clouds.
Clear
28, 6 p.m
Calm ..
Clear
20. ? a. m.
29, 6 a. m 1 10. J.2C
Partly foggy and
overcast.
29, 6 p.m
29, 7 p.m
30, 2 a. m
30- 5°
— 3-0
- 9-S
30, 3 a. m
30, 6 p. m
May 1, 2.50 a.m .
I, 3.45 a.m .
1 , 8.45 a. m .
1,12 noon
1 , 1 1 . ^0 n. m
30. 32s
27.65
26. 15
25-25
29.85
29.85
Clear
3-5
"
Snow
2, 12.30 A.m .
2, 8.40 a. m .
2, 12 noon . ..
2, 2 p. m
29.60
29.58
29.57
29.64
l.o
11.0
6.5
I.O
0.0
— II.O
— 4.0
— 8.0
3, 3.30 a. m .
3, 6 p.m
4, 1.25 a.m.
4, 2.25 a. m .
4, 4.40 a. m .
4. 5pm
30.05
30"7
30.09
30.22
Clear
.
— 130
Calm
Clear
— 2.0
4, 6.45 p. m .
4, 12 mdt
30.22
— 12.0
-n.5
- S-S
0.0
- 2.0
- 2.5
- 2.5
I.O
5, 3.30 a. m .
5, 6.40 a. m .
5,11.35 a.m _
5, 7pm-—
5,11 p.m
6, I a. m
6, 3 a. m
6, 4.15 a.m .
6, 6.05 a. m .
6, 8 a. m
6, 9.50 a. m _
6, 12 noon
30.22
30.27
30.22
30. 22
29.41
79.48
29.00
27.25
27.22
29-55
Clear
do
1
12.0
6.0
N
Clear
6, 11.15 P- m -
7, 2.35a m.
7, 4.30 a.m.
7, 11.30 a. m .
7, 3P'ra
29.60
30. 10
30.22
29- 83
29.83
•S-S
11. 0
452
Till-: LADY FUANKMN HAY EXPEDITION.
Tablk CLXX.WI. — Metforolo^kal ohsenaiions tiKuk by Jicld partus of the Lady Franklin Hay Expiditioii — Continued.
MM
Barom-
D.ite.
eter, to '
sea
level.
1883.
Im/iiS.
May S, 5.35 n. m .
30. 20
S, 7.25 n. Ill .
30. 18
.S, 9.30 a. m .
30.10
8, 11.45 •'>' '" -
30.10
9,12.30 a.m.
9, I a. m
30.08
9, 8.15 a. Ill .
29.62
9, 1 2 noon . .
29.60
9, Il.lS)). m .
29.38
9, 12 imlt
10, 1.50 a. m
29. 18
10, 2.50 a. m .
39. 12
10, 3-3Sn'"-
29. 10
10, S.loa. ni
28.73
10, 1 2.30 p. in .
28. 73
II, 12.30 a. Ill .
28.7.
II, 4a.m
27. 55
II, 7.15 a. ni
28. 52
II, 8.10 a.m.
28. 35
II, II a. m
28.47
II, 12.30]). m .
28. 43
II, 3.15 i>.m
28.43
12, 2.15 a. m .
28.375
12, 4 a. m
29-37
12, 4.40 a.m.
29.56
12, 6 a. m
30.04
12, 7.45 a. 111.
30.10
12, 12.20 p. Ill .
30. 18
12, 4.4') p.m.
30.18
13, 3.20 a.m.
30.02
13, 6.30 a.m.
29.94
13,12.45 m.
13. 2p. m
29.87
13, 6p. m
29.83
14, 8 a. m
29.97
14, 10 a. m
29.94
14, 10.45 'I- '" -
30.00
■ 14, 12.30 p.m.
29-97
14, l.4Sp. in.
30.02
14, 3.25 p.m.
30. oo
14, 4.20 p. Ill .
30. 02
14, 6 p. in
30.02
15, 5.15 a.m.
15, 5.45 a. m .
29.98
15, 7.10 a.m.
29- 93
15, 10.15 a.m.
27.44
15,10.35 a.m.
27.42
15, 1.35 p.m.
29. 73
15, 5.2011. m.
29. 82
15, 6 p. Ill
29- 77
15, 10.05 p.m.
29. 75
16, 7.25 a.m.
29-84
16, 7.45 a.m.
29.85
16, I p. m
29.87
16, 9.45 p.m.
29. 92
17. 7 a. ■"----
30.03
17, s.iop. m.
28.25
17, 7.30|>-'"
28.30
iS, 3 a. m
18, 4,40 a. m .
28.37 1
18, 8.25 a. m .
28. 25
iS, 10.01; a. m .
28. ,1
18, 1 1. OS a.m .
28.05
18, 11.05 I'll
27-95 ,
Temperature of the air.
1-ahrunlieil.
Exp'il.
Max,
9.0
■3-5
4-5
S-o
12- S
7.0
4-S
17-5
•75
'5-S
16. 5
17.0
18. 5
21.0
24. S
17-S
26.0
'7-5
14-5
iS.s
25.0
2.J. O
25.0
30.0
32.0
34- o
34.0
37- o
33-5
27-5
14. o
17.0
20.0
25.5
20.0
19.0
"-5
30
14. o
17.0
10.5
7.5
4-5
14.0
■3-2
15.0
Min.
Wind.
Direc-
tion.
Velocity.
Wi-alliir.
Calm,
vv...
Calm .
W.
Calm ,
N\V..
W.
W.
wl
W.
Calm .
Calm .
E
Strong .
Light....
Light .
Light .
Strong .
Fine; sun bright.
Clear ,
Weather fi.ie...
Cloudy.
Cloudy.
Light snow .
,...do
Snowing
...do....
Snowing .
...do...
.do.
.do.
.do.
Clear
Clear .
Light..
.. Clear .
..! do.
Keinarks.
Mount Kosy to Musk-ox Valley.
Do.
Do.
Do.
I p Mu.sk ox Valley.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Vxum Cap to (jlacier.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Over Divi.lc of (irinnell I,And.
Dr.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Krom Snow Hank to near Kiord.
Do.
Do.
Do.
l-'rom Snow Bank to near Kiord, on Lake.
From Snow Hank to near Fiord, in camp.
From Snow Hank to near Fiord.
F'roin west end of Lake down Fiord to
Farthest.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
At Farthest.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
.Ascending clifls. Elevat'n 2,250 ft., per bar.
Ascending clifTs.
At tent. Farthest.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Farthest to Lake.
Do.
Do.
At end of Lake.
End of Lake to Snow Hank. F^ast end of
Lake, barometer 30.03.
End of Lake to Snow Bank.
Do.
Across Divide.
Across Divide. Bar. on height to S. 27.S2.
On Lake, .icross Divide.
At (dacial Wall, across Divide.
Do.
.\t Glacial Wall, further on across Diviile.
TIIK LADY KUANKMN HAY KXI'KDITION.
453
Tablk CI, XXXVI. — Afitiorn/ii^i^iiit/ o/isftTiitions made l<\ JiiU piirtiis of Ihi- I.iu/y Franklin Ihty lixftu/i/ion — Coiu liitlcil.
Date.
liaroin-
ctf r, to
sea
Irvcl.
/iiihis.
27.90
27.7s
27.65
27.60
28.62
28.58
28.82
28.82
28.74
29.65
29. 62
29-57
29.50
29.50
29.48
29.00
28.95
28.98
28. 98
29.70
29.75
29.79
29.79
29.73
29-35
29.63
29.68
Tciiiporaluri; of (he air,
KalircnliL-it,
Wind, '
1
Wcallicr. j
<
1
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
86
1 86
86
86
86
Kcniarks.
ExpM.
.Max.
0
Min.
e
Direc-
tion.
Velocity.
1883.
May 18, 11,40 a. m .
18, 11.40 a. m
18, 11.40 a. m .
18, 12.10 p.m.
18, 2.30 p.m.
19, 3.20 a. in .
19, 12 noui
19, 2 p. m
19, 10.30 p. in .
20, 5 a. ni
20, 7.20 a. m .
20, 9.20 a. in .
20, 3.30 p.m.
20, 4 p. Ill
20, 5.15 p.m.
20, 9.15p.m.
21, 12.45 ^' >" -
21, 7 a. in
21, II a. m
21, 5 p. in
21, 6.45 p.m.
22, 5 a. m
22, 5.45 a. m .
22, 8.30
22,
0
At (ilacial W.ill, acros.s Diviile.
At i;laciiil Wall, further on across Divide.
Do.
At (ilacial Wall, greatest elevation across
Divide.
17th March, across Divide, in camp.
Down Muskox Valley.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
From Musk ox Valley to head of llcatrix
Hay Valley.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Down valley to Beatrix Hay.
Do.
Down valley to lleatrix Day. Wind in-
creasing.
Down valley to lleatrix Hay.
Do.
Down |.'iord lo Siinniund Itay.
Down Fiord to Siinmond Hay. Fog on ho-
ri.?on.
Down Fiord to SImmond Hay.
North end of l,ake, down Fiord to Simmond
lUy.
Down Fiord to Siinmond Hay.
Do.
.Siinmond Hay, <lowii Fiord.
Do.
Do.
Siinmond Hay, down Fiord. Threal'gsnow.
Siinmond Hay, down Fiord.
Do.
Siinmond Hay, down Fiord. Snow-storm
from east raging.
To licllows.
To Hellows. Snowstorm from the cast.
To Hellows.
Do.
I )o.
Do.
F'roin Hellow s to Fort Conger.
16.0
18.5
16.0
20.0
23.0
24.0
lO. 0
16.0
22.0
28.0
30.0
23.0
25-0
28.0
33-0
36.0
37-5
28.0
32.0
27.0
31.0
W
Ligiit....
Clear . .
Calm . -
Clear
W
Light
Calm .-
Clear ..
N
I.iKlit....
Cloudy
Kinc
N
N
Strong
I.ijjht
NK
t'alin ..
Ko|;i;y
Cle.-ir
Calm ..
22, 5.30 p.m.
22, 7-35 p.m.
21, 1 a. in
27.0
23-0
21.0
Colm ..
Clear
23, 3.40 a.m.
23. 4-45 a. '" -
24, 1 a. m
24, 10 a. m
24, 12 noon ...
24, 4p. m
24, 9p. m
29. <>3
29.63
29. 79
29.84
29. «4
29. 89
28.0
25-5
27.0
28.0
Calm ..
Cloudy
.. do...
Snowing
23.0
24. 930 p. m-
24, 11 p. in
25, 7.15 a.m.
25, II. 15 a.m .
29. 93
29.89
29.88
. .
Snowing
22. 0
22.0
24.0
:;:::::::::::;::
25,11.45 a.m.
26, 1.30 a.m.
29.84
29.87
19. 5
.Snowing
1
AppKNDIX No. 138". — List of dates on 'which meteors xverc observed by the Lady Franklin Bay Expedition.
1S81. — October 19; November 22; Decemlier 11 and 20.
1882. — January 23; March 24; November I, 9, 14, and 25; December I and 9.
1883. — ^January 8 and 30; February i.
Il'l
i I
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■■,i '
AUTHORIimS ON ARCTIC METEOROLOGY.
USr OF THE PRINCIPAL AUTHORITIES OM ARCTIC AIETF.ORCI.OGY CONSCLTRD IN THE PREPARATION OP
THIS REPORT, WITH AN APPENDIX CONTAINING TITLES OF SOME MISCELLANEOUS WORKS OF ESPECIAL
VALVE.
[Note. — Unless noted otherwise, these works will be found in one or more of the following libraries: Library of Congress, Navy Department,
State Department, Signal Office, my private library. In the case of works not known to be in the Library of Congress, the library is indicated as
follows: Navy Department, N.; State Dejiartment, S.; Signal Office, Sig.; and my library, G.]
I.-GENERAL.
Barrow, John. Voyages ot discovery and research within the Arctic regions, from the year 1818 to the present time, under
the command of the several naval officers employed by sea and land in search of a northwest passage from the Atlantic
to the Pacific; with two attempts to reach the north pole. Abridged and arranged with remarks by John Barrow.
London, 1846. 8°. xiv, 520 p. ch.
(Extracts fro'u various reports, including climate.)
Bent, Silas. Upon the routes to be pursued by expeditions to the north pole. Journ. Amer. Geog. Soc, New York, ii,
pt. 2, 1870, 31-40.
(Discussion of currents and climate.)
An address delivered before the Saint Louis Mercantile Library Association January 6, 1872, upon the thermal gate-
ways to the pole, the currents of the ocean, and the influence of the latter upon the climates of the world. Saint Louis,
1872. 8°. 40 p. 2 pi.
Berghaus, H. Physikalischer Atlas .... enthaltend Geologie, Hydrographie, Meteorologie, Krdmagnetismus, Pflan-
zenverbreitung, Tierverbreitung und Volkeskimde. Lieferungen i-io. Gotha, 1886-1887. 10 pts. f°. 30 chs.
(Complete work will include 75 charts.)
British Association, Committee of. Report upon the depth of permanently frozen soil in the Arctic regions. [London, 1886.]
8°. 6 p. Rept.from: Rep. Brit. Assoc, 1886.
Chavanne, Joseph. Das arktische Festland und Polarmeer. Petermann's Mittheil., Gotha, 1874, 241-252.
(Discussion of climate; means of observations at various stations.)
Coffin, J. H. The winds of the globe, or the laws of atmospheric circulation on the surface of the earth. Smithsonian con-
tributions, no. 268. Washington City, 1875. 4°. xxv, 756 p. 26 pi.
(Latitude 6o°-8s° north, p. 69-110. Discussion and analysis by A. Woeikof; Greenland and Arctic America, 676-682; N. W. Europe,
713-716.)
Danenhowf.r, J.W. The polar question. Proc. U. S. Naval Inst., Annapolis, xi, 1885, 633-699.
Dove, H. W. The distribution of heat on the surface of the globe, illustrated by isothermal, thermic, isabnormal, and other
curves of temperature. London, 1853. 4°. 26 p. 5 ch. (Sig.)
Klimatologische Beitriige. Theil i, ii. Berlin, 1857, 1869. 2 v. 8°. vi, 296 p. 2 ch. ; iv, 314 p. (Sig)
(Collection of his papers on climate, including Arctic regions.)
Feilden, H. W. Address to the members of the Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists' Society, at their seventeenth annual meet-
ing, held at the Norfolk and Norwich Museum March 50, 1886. Trans. Norfolk and Norwich Nat. Soc, iv, 1886. (G.)
(Discussion of prehistoric polar climate.)
465
456
TUB LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXPKDITION.
11
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it' u
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Hann, J. L'ntcrsuchung ilbcr ilic Winde cicr nurdliclu'n llcinisphiirc unci ihrc climatologinchc Uedcutung. Sitzungsb. Akad.
Wiss., Wien, Ix, 1869, i6}-3i8; Ixiv, 1871, 377-429, f <h.
HandliiK h (Ici Klimatologic. Stultnart, 1883. 8°. x. 764 p.
(Klinia(oli)|;ic iler I'olarrc^ionen, p. 71J-754.)
HicKsoN, W. E. On the climate of the nortli pole, and on ( in uinpolar exploration. Journ. Roy. Geojj. Soc, London, xxxv,
1865, i]9-i42.
HowKix, Ci. R. The open polar sea. Albany, 1884. 8°. 8 p. (C)
Inttrmitioiutl Mitr QxnmissioH. MitthcihmKcn. Hulletin. Conmiunications. i-fi. St. Petersi)urn,.i882-i884. 6 pts. 1.8°.
334 p.
KuHN, F. V. Uebcr die Ursachcn <les cisfreien Meeres in den Nordpolardegenden. 7.eitschr. Met., Wien, vii, 1872, 167-
169.
Leslie, J., Jameson, R., & MiRRAV, H. The polar seas and regions. [2oed.) London, Kdinb., 1855. iC°. 605 p. map, il.
(Climate, p. 16-61 ; Tull discussion.)
Mai.te-Brun, V. A. Les trois projets d'exploration, anglais, allemand et fran(,ais, au pole nord. Expose historiipie et g<5o-
graphi(iue de la question. Paris, 1868, 8*. 163 p. ch. (G.) /■)■<'/«.• Annales <1, voyages, Paris, 18O8, 5-94, 153-21 1.
(Discussion uf imlar climate )
Markiiam, C. R. The threshold of the unknown region. 4 ed., with supplementary chapters. London, 1876. 8°. xxxiv,
463 p. s maps, il.
Polur regions. Encyc. Hrit,, 9 ed. xix, New York, 1885, p. 315-330.
(Climate, p. 327-329)
Mt'HRV, A. A. Die Meteoroloyie der niirdlichen Polarzone. Petermann's Mittheil., Ootha, 1861, 289-299.
Klimatographische Uebersicht der Erde, in einer Saminlung authentischer Berichte, mit hinzugefiigten Anmerkungetl
zu wissenschaftlichem und zu praktischem Gebrauch. Mit einem Appendix. Leipzig und Heidelberg, 1862. xvi, 744 p.
3ch. (Sig.)
(Niirdliche Polar/one, p. 515-607, 639-676.)
Same. Supplement .... mit einem Appendix enthaltend Untersuchungen iiber das Wind-System. /W*/., 1865.
8°. xii, 320 p. 3 pi. 6 ch. (Sig.)
(Niirdliche I'olar/one, p. 3-46.)
Nordenskiolp, a. E. Om det forna polar klimatet. Aftonbladet, Stockholm, 1875, no. 82. Zeitschr. Met., Wien, xi,
1876, 310-316.
Petekmann, a. H. Die Temperatur-Verhaltnisse in den arktischen Regionen. Petermann's Mittheil., Gotha, 1870, 263-
264. 5 ch.
Richardson, John. Polar regions. Encyc. Brit., 8 ed. xviii, Edinb., 1859, p. 161-181.
(Climate, p. 176-178.)
The polar regions. Edinb,, 1861. 8°. ix, 400 p. ch.
(Full discussion of Arctic and Antarctic climate.)
ScoREswY, WiM.iAM. The Arctic regions, their situation, appearances, climate, and zoology. London [1849]. 24'. vii!,
192 p.
(Climate, p. 96-138.)
S-MiTH, D. M. Arctic expeditions from British and foreign shores, from the earliest times to the expedition of 1875-76.
Edinb., 1877. xiv, 824 p. map, il.
(Results of meteorological investigation.)
Spitai.er, Rudolph. Die Wiirmevcrtheilung auf der Erdoberflache. Wien, 1885. 4°. 20 p. ch. Rcpr, from .■ Denkschr.
Ak.id. Wiss., Wien, li.
Teisserenc de Hort, L. Nouvelles cartes d'isothermes et d'isobars moyennes h. la surface du globe en Janvier, mars, juillet,
octobre. Annal. bureau cent, met., Paris, i88i, iv, 1-15, 8 pi.
( Up to 75° no. latitude.)
Wheildox, W. W. The Arctic regions. Atmospheric theory of an ameliorated climate and an open sea in the Arctic regions,
in opposition to the Gulf-stream theory. Proc. Amer. Assoc, 1872, 111-133; 1873, 1 18-140.
WoEiKOF, A. L Die atmospharische Circulation. Verbreitung des Lufidruckes, der Winde und der Regen auf der Oberflache
der Erde. (Erganzungsheft No. 38 zu Petermann's Mittheilungen.) Gotha, 1874. ...^ 35 p. 3 ch.
iU „_
TIIK LADY FKANKLiy HAY KXPEDITION.
457
WoKiKoK, A.I. l»ic Vfrthcilunn dir Nif(lcrs»:hl;inc iibcr die Krdc. Ztitsilir. wiss. (icon-, I.ahr, i, 1880, 189-195, 358-3C5;
/luirn. Russk. khim. fi/. ()l)sht., St. PeterHb., xii, 1880, .16-110. (Sij{.)
— Die Kliinatc (Icr Mnlc, ikk li dcm Russisc lion, vom Vcrfasscr l)csorgtc, lif<lculen<l vcriindcrlc doutschc Hcarlicitung.
Jena, 1887. 2 iits. 8". x\iii, 396, 421, 14 p, 2j |il. (Sij;.)
(Der hohc Norden, ii, 1-18.)
Ztituhtifl (hr ihtfrreUhhiheti ilisflhchiifl jiir Sfrl,i>rolo)^if. i-xx. J/'/Vw, 1866-1885. 20 v. 4°. (Sig.)
(In atl<lition to articles cit«d, includes many ahurt tallies of mMiu for Arctic »lalii>ni.J
II.-ARCTIC AMr:RICA.
Arctic misct'llanics. A souvniir of the kite pohir smnfi. Ih the officers ami seamen of the ex/<eilition. l.ondoii, 1852, 8*.
xviii, 347 J).
(Meteoroloijy, p. 110-116, 349-254, 389-291.)
Arctic S'Of^'aphy and ethnology, A selection 0/ papers on Arctic geoj^raphy and ethnology. Reprinted and presented to the Arctic
expedition of 1875 hy the president, council, and fellows of the Royal Geographical Sodety. London, 1875. 8°. vii, 29J p.
map. (N. G.)
(Little climate; Greenland and Point Harrow.)
Ar.m.stronc, Alexandi.r. a personal narrative of the discovery of the northwest passaj5c; with numerous incidents of travel
and adventure during nearlv five years' continuous service in the .\ri tic regions while in searcli of the e.xpedition under
Sir John Franklin. London, 1857. 8°. viii, 616 p. map, i)l.
(Abstract of meteorological journal on Iward /iiTfsti^ntor, January, 1850, to April, 185J, p. 599-600).
Back, ("iEorgk. Narrative of tlie Arc tic land expedition to the mouth of the CJreat Fish River and along the shores of the
Arctic Ocean in tiie years 1833, 1834, and 1835. London, 1836. 4°. x, 661 p. map, ii.
(Meteorological table from registers at Fort Reliance November I, l8jj-May 31, 1834, ( )clobcr 1, i8j4-March 18, 1835, p. 563-589.
Temperature of animals, birds, liih, trees, and eartb, 5<;o-594. Aurora, 595-624.)
Narrative of an expedition in H. ^L S. Terror, undertaken with a view to geographical discovery on the Arctic shores
in the years 1 836-1 837. London, 1838. 8°. vii, 456 p. map.
(Climate in text; also moptlily means July, 1836-July, 1837, p. 450.)
Bailey, (i. W. Rejjort upon Alaska and its people, giving statistics as ut tiie numbers, location, pursuits, and social condition
of the inhabitants; the climate, productions, and general resources of the country; and of the conmierce, ocean cur-
rents, etc. Washington, i88o. 8°. 52 p.
[Bakrington, Uaink.s]. 'Ihe probability of reaching the north pole discussed. London, 1775. 4^ 90 p.
(Much general climate.)
Same. A new edition, with an appendix containing jjapers on the same subject and on a northwest passage by Col.
Beaufoy. New York, 1818. xiii, 187 p. ch.
Barrow, John. A visit to Iceland by way of Tronyem in the flower of Yarrow yacht in the summer of 1834. London,
1835. 12". xxiv, 320 p. il.
(Little climate.)
Beechey, F. W. Narrative of a voyage to the Pacific and Bering's Strait, to co-operate with the polar expeditions; per-
formed in H. M. S. Blossom, in the years 1825, '26, '27, '28. London, 1831. i v. in 2. 4°. xxi, 392 p. 3 ch. il.; vii,
.393-742 P- il-
(Much climate in text. Nautical remarks, winds, etc., p. 628-6C2. Meteorological observations. May 20, 1825-August 23, 1828,
677-721 ; horary oscillation of barometer, 692-693; aurora iKircalis, 722-726; sea temperature, 727-732.)
Belcher, Edward. The la.st of the Arctic voyages; being a narrative of the expedition in H. AL S. Assistance, in search of
Sir John Franklin, during the years 1852, '53, '54, with notes on the natural Iiistory by Sir John Richardson, I'rof. Owen,
Thomas Bell, J. W. Salter, and Lovell Reeve. London, 1855. 2 v. 1. 8°. xx, 383 p. 2 mai>s, chs. il.; vii, 4^9 p. ch.
(General tables of meteorology. May I, 1852-August 23, 1854, p. 306-334; comparative t.ibles of daily maximum, minimum, and mean
temperature from Arctic voyages, 1819-1855, 335-346.)
Beitrag zur Meteorologic und Hydrographie der Ostkiiste von Gtunland. Annal. Hydrog., Berlin, iii, 1875, 55-60.
Bellot, J. R. Journal d'un voyage aux mers polaires execute h. la recherche de Sir John Franklin, en 1851 et 1852, prec^di
d'une notice sur la vie et les travaux de I'auteur par M. Julien Lemer. Paris, 1854. 8°. Ivi, 414 p. map.
(Daily journal of temperature and weather.)
i
458
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
v"
i I
! t-
^1- t^
fi( .■
Bessels, Emil. Die amerikanische Nordpol Expedition. Leipzig, 1879. 8°. xx, 647 p. map, il. (S. Sig.)
(Appendix of scientific results, p. 527-647.)
Smith Sound and its exploration. Proc. U. S. Naval Inst., Annapolis, x, 1884, 333-447, map.
(Much climate.)
Sif United States, Navy Department.
Blodgkt, Louis. Alaska, what is it worth? Lippincott's Mag., Phila., i, 1868, 185-191; Rep. U. S. Agric. Dept., 1869,638.
(Isothermal map of Alaska.)
BOrgen .... NordenskjoUr.s neue Reise nach Griinland. Deutsche geog. Blatter, Bremen, vi, 1883, 234-247.
BucHAN, Alexander, and Thorlacius, A, O. On the meteorology of Iceland. Mean pressure of the atmosphere, thunder-
storms, aud rainy and snowy days, for twenty-three years ; and rainfall and melted snow for twelve years. 2. The mean
temperature of Stykkisholm, Iceland, from observations made during twenty-six ye.ars, viz, from November, 1845, to De-
cember, 1871. Journ. Scot. Met. Soc, Edinb., ii, 1869, 285 292; iii, 1873, 304-307; Zeitschr. Met., Wien,xi, 1876, 172.
Burton, R. F. Ultima Thule, or a summer in Iceland. London, 1875. 2 v. 1. 8°. xix, 380 p. map, il.; vi, 408 p. il.
(Clim.ite, i, 55-69.)
Cartwright, Gkoi.c.e. a journal of transactions and events during a residence of nearly sixteen years on the coast of
Labrador. Newark, 1792. 3 v. 4°. xvi, [6J, 287 p. map; x, 505 p. map; x, 248, 15 p. map.
(A diary of Fahrenheit's thermometer .it various stations, 1770, 1773, l777-'78, i785-'86, iii, 240-248.)
Chappei.l, Edwakp. Narrative of a voyage to Hudson's Bay in H. M. S. Rosamotui, containing some account of the north-
eastern coast of America and of the tribes inhabiting that remote region. London, 181 7. 8°. 279 p. inap. (N.)
(Table showint; the extreme heat and cold of each month in 181 1 at Oxford house, p. 249-251.)
Comeau, N. a. La geographic physique de la partie nord de la Province de Quebec. Bull. soc. geog. de Quebec, i, no. 3,
1882-84, 17-25. (G.)
Copenhagen, Societas scieutiarumdamcie. Collectanea meteorologica. Fasc. ii. Observationes meteorologicae a i Jan., 1823,
ad I Aug , 1837, in Islandia foctse a Thorstensenio. Hafniae, 1839. 4°. 233 p.
(Observations at Naes to October 18, 1833, l*'^'' "' Reikiavig.)
Collectanea meteorologica. Fasc. i v. Observationes meteorologica; i)er annos 1832-54, in Grcinland factce
a C. C. Ostergaard, L. A. Mossin, J. M. P. Kragh, C. N. Rudolph, F. P. K. Bloch. Haunia;, 1856. 4". 229 p.
(Upernivik, 1832-38, 1846-54; Jacobshavii, i840-'5l; Godthaab, l84l-'46.)
Crantz, D. The history of Greenland From the German of . With a continuation to the present time,
notes, etc. London, 1820. 2 v. 8°. xi, 359 p. map; vi, 323 p.
(Climate, i, 40-49. Harometric and thermonietiic observations at New Ilerrnhuth, November, 1767-July, 1768, i, 307-312.)
Dall, W. H. See United States, Coast and Geodetic Survey.
Denma>k,Dauskemiti'oroioghke InslHut. Meteorologisk .\arbog. Annuaire mtiteorologique. 1873-1884. i-xii. Kjebenhavn,
1874-1885. 1 v. obi. 4°. II V. f°.
("Partie 2, I.es colonies" contains observations at regular stations in Feroe Islands (l station), Iceland (3), Greenland (4), and monthly
returns from climatological stations (34 in 1884) in same. " I'artie 3 [1882-1884], Observations miSteorologiques nautiques"; obser-
vations on voyages in Arctic Ocean.)
Resume des travaux de I'expedition polaire danoise internationale suivi d'un sommaire des observations
m(5teorologiques faites pendant la derive du Dijmi)hna dans la mer de Kara. Copenhague, 1884. 41 p. 4 pi.
(Contains: Paulsen, A. F. W. Rcsumii des travaux de l'ex|n^dition internationale danoise faits ii Godshaab (Gronland occidental) i
aoflt 1882-31 aoflt 1883, p. 3-30.)
Observations internationales i)olaires, 1882-83. Expedition Danoise. Observations faites .\ Godthaab sous la
direction de Adam Paulsen. Tome ii, livraison 1. i. Meteorologie. ii. Flux et retiux de la mer. iii. La longitude de
Godthaab. Copenhague, 1886. 4°. 53, 19, 4, xxviti p. 47 chs.
Dove, H. W. Ueber das Klima von Island, nach Thorsteinsen's Beobachtungen. Monatsb. Ges. Erdk., Berlin, i, 1839-40,
99-102, 109-111.
Duncan, Davio. Voyage to Davis' Strait, 1826-1827. London, 1827. 8°. xiii, 126 p.
(Little climate.)
Edmond, Chari.es. Voyage dans les mersdu Nord, abord de la corvette La RdneHotteuse. Paris, 1863, 536 p. (G.)
(Greenland, p. 193-305.)
Egede, Hans. A description of Greenland, shewing the natural history, situation, boundaries, and face of the country, the
nature of the soil, etc. Translated from the Danish. London, 1745. 12°. xvi, 220 p. map.
(Of the nature of the climate and the temperament of the air, p. 51-59.)
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
459
(G.)
try, the
Ellis, Henry. A voyage to Hudson's Bay by the Dobb's Galley and California, in the years 1746 and 1747, for discovering
a northwest passage. London, 1748, 12°. xxviii, 336 p.
(Climate, p. 171-181. faiiscs of the fogs, 283-288.)
Extract of two meteorological journals of the weather, olnenrd at Nain, in 57° n. lat., ami at Okak., in 57° 30' ;/. lat., both on the
coast of Labrador, August, I'm-September, 1778, August, tj-j^-7ulr, 1780. I'hil. Trans., London, Ixix, 1779, 657-658;
Ixxi, 1781, 197-198.
Etzel, Anton VON. Griinland geographisch und statistisch bcschreiben. Aus diinischcn Quellschriftcn. Stuttgart, i860.
8". xiv, 665 J).
(Die meteorologischen VerliSltnisse Gronlands, p. 557-570.)
Fisher, Alexander. A journal of a voyage of discovery to the Arctic regions in H. M. S. //ecla and Griper, in the yeafs
18 19 and 1820. London, 182' 8°. xi, 320 p. 2 maps.
(Daily maximuni, minimum, and mean temperature ami pressure. May 1 1, 1819-SeptcMilier 30, 1820, p. 295-31 1)
Force, Peter. Record of auroral phenomena observed in the higher northern latitudes. [Washington, 1856.] 4°. 118 p.
Smithsonian Contributions, viii.
Franklin, John. Narrative of a journey to the shores of the polar sea in the years 1819, '20, '21, and '22, by . With
an appendix on various subjects relating to science and natural history. London, 1823. 4°. xvi, 768 p. 4 maps, 30 pi.
(Climate in text. Aurora, p. 541-546, 549-569, 580-628.)
Narrative of a. second expedition to the shores of the polar ocean in the years 1825, 1826, and 1827, by , in-
cluding an account of the progress of a detachment to the eastward, by John Richardson. London, 1828. xxiv, 320,
clvii p. 6 maps, il.
(Richardson, J. Meteorological tables arranged from the registers kejU at Fort Franklin by the dllicers of the exitedition. App. no. ii.
p. lix-civ. Todd, C. C. Abstract of a meteorological journal kept in the year l825-'6 at I'enetanguisheiie on T.ake Huron,
general remarks on the climate of I'enetanguishene, etc., cv-cviii. Richardson, J. Observations on solar radiation, cix-cxxii.
Franklin, J. On the aurora borealis, cxlv-clvii.)
Fritz, S. Remarks on the winds, clouds, and auroras on the southwest coast of Greenlantl, after thirteen years' observa-
tions at Ivigtut. In: Denmark, Danske met. Inst., Aarbog, 1882, Kjobenhavn, 1883, p. vii-xvi,"pl. (Sig.)
Gautif.r, a. Notice sur les observations m^teorologiques faites sur la cote du Labrador par des missionaires Moraves. Ar-
chives sci. phys. nat., Geneve, xxxviii, 1870, 132-146; Iv, 1876, 39-54; Zeitschr. Met., Wien, xii, 1877, 432-433.
—^— Notice sur deux annees [aoiit, 1874-juillet, 1876] d'observations thermometriciues faites ;\ Rama, sur la cote du Lab-
rador, lb, Ix, 1877, 392-396.
Germany, Deutsche Polar Kommission. Vorliiutiger Bericht iiber die Ergebnisse der meteorologisclien Beoi)ai htungen der
Deutschen Polarstationen. i. Royalbay auf Siidgeorgien. ii. Kingwa-Fjord in Cumberland-Golf, Baifinslai'l. Met.
Zeitschr., Berlin, i, 1884, 144-155.
• Die internationale Polar-forschung, 1882-1883. Die Beobachtungs- Ergebnisse der deutschen stationen. Band
i. Kingua-Fjord und die meteorologischen stationen ii. Ordnung in Labrador; Hebron, Okak, Nain, Zoar, Hoftenthal,
Rama, sowie die magnetischen Observatorien in Breslau und Giittingen. Herausgegcben ini Auftrage der von
Prof. Dr. Neumayer und Prof. Dr. Borgen. Band ii. Siid-Georgien und das magnetische Observatorium der K. Marine
in Wilhelmshaven. Herausgegeben im Auftrage der von Prof. Dr. Neuinayer und Prof. Dr. Borgen. Berlin.
1886. 2 V. 4°. 30, Ixiv, 736 p. 54 pi. 3 ch ; 12, Ivi, 523 p. 27 pi. 4 ch.
GiNGES, A. [Observations in Godthaab, Greenland. Oct., 1786-June, 1787.] Ephem. soc. met. palat., Mannheim, viii,
1787 {1789), 42-69. (Astor library.)
Goodsir, R. a. An Arctic voyage to Baffin's Bay and Lancaster Sound, in search of friends with Sir John Franklin. London.
1850. sin. 8°. viii, 152 p. i)l. map.
(Little meteorology.)
Gordon, A. R. Report of the Hudson's Bay expedition under the command of Lieut. , 1884, [Ottawa, 1865.] 8°.
41 p. map. Accompanied by : Charts showing the mean monthly and annual temperatures of Hudson's Bay region and
eastern Canada, September, 1884-October, 1885. obi. f°. 13 ch.
Report of the second Hudson's Bay expedition undei the command of Lieut. , 1885. [Ottawa, 1886.] 8<>,
112 p. 3 ch.
(Abstract of meteorological observations, August, iS84-Scptcmber, 1885, p. 80-112.)
Graah, M. a. Undersogelses = Reise til Ostkystcn af Gronland. F-fter .vongelig Befaling udfert i Aarene 1828-31.
Kjabenhavn, 1832. 4°. xvii, 216 p, map, il. (Extr.) Deutsche geog. Blatter, Bremen, vi, 1883, 193-219.
(Havets Temperatur paa Overreisen til Grenland i Aaret 1828, p, 196. 3 obs. daily.)
I t|
I
: »
I
460
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
i
f I
II,
l':M
Iji
H^'U,'
'i ,1
Gr^'j/ Britain. Observations on the international polar expedition, i882-'83. Fort Rac. London, 1886, 4°. x" , 326
P- 32 pl-
Admiralty. Manual of the natural history, geology, and physics of Greenland and the neighboring regions; prei)ared
for the use of the Arctic expedition of 1875, under the direction of the Royal Society, and edited by Prof. T. Rupert
Jones, together with instructions suggested by the Arctic committee of the Royal Society for the use of the expedition.
London, 1875. 8°. vi, 86; xii, 783 p. (Sig.)
(Physics, incliuling meteorology, sea, tides, cuvicnls, refraction, p. 605-749.)
■ Meteorological Office. Contributions to our knowledge of the Arctic regions. Vol. i. Official, no. 34. London,
1885 [1879-1885.] xvi, 495 p. ch.
("Compilation of all information as to the climate of the polar regions, especially of the American continent, existing in the log books
and journals of the Hritish Arctic expeditions up to 1876.")
Parliament. Papers relating to the Arctic relief expedition. London, 1850. vi, 157 p. ch. (N.)
Additional papers relative to the Arctic expedition under the orders of Capt. Austin and Mr. William Penny.
London, 1852. 4°. 368 p. chs. (N.)
. Report of Dr. Rae of the proceedings of the searching expedition under his command, since the loth day
of June, 1851. [London, 1852.] 4°. 9 p. map. (N.)
Papers in connection with the late Arctic expedition. [London, 1852.J 4°. 17 p. (N.)
Proceedings of the Arctic expedition under the command of Capt. Sir Edward Belcher, employed in the
further search for Sir John Franklin. [London, 1852.] 4°. 88 p. 4 ch. (N.)
Further correspondence and proceedings connected with the Arctic expedition. London, 1852. 4°. 216 p.
6 ch. (X.)
Report of the committee appointed by the lords commissioners of the Admiralty to inquire into and report on
the recent Arctic expeditions in search of Sir John Franklin, together with the minutes of evidence taken before the com-
mittee and papers connected with the subject. London, 1852. 4°. x, 199 p. 2 ch.
. Papers relative to the recent Arctic expeditions in search of Sir John Franklin and the crews of H. M. S.
Erebus and Terror. London, 1854. 4°. 225 p. chs. il.
Further papers relative to the recent Arctic expeditions in search of Sir John Franklin and the crews of H. M. S.
Erebui and Terror. London, 1855. 4°. 958 p. maps, chs. (Sig. N.)
Arctic expedition, 1875-76. Journal and proceedings of the Arctic expedition, 1875-76, under the command
of Sir George Nares. [London, 1877. J ^°• vii, 484 p. maps, chs. (Sig. S.)
Report of the committee appointed by the lords conmiissioners of the Admiralty to inquire into the causes of
the outbreak of scurvy in the recent Arctic expedition; the adecjuacy of the provision made by the Admiralty in the way
of food, medicine, and medical comforts ; and the propriety of the orders given by the commander of the expedition for
provisioning the sledge-parties. [London. 1877.] 4°. Iv, 505 p. pis. (Sig. S.)
(The above eleven volumes contain many observations and valuable discussions o'' climate.)
Greei.v, a. W. Remarks at the Arctic meeting of the American Geographical Society, at Chickering Hall, Noveinber 21, 1884.
Bull. Amcr. Geog. Soc, New York, 1884, no. 4, 317-334.
The scientific results of the Lady Franklin Bay expedition. Science, Cambridge, v, 1885, 309-312.
(Monthly means, 1875-76, 1881-83.)
Anniversary address delivered before the Scottish Geographical Society at Edinburgh, November, 1885. Scot. Geog-
Mag., Edinb., i, 1885, 593-608.
Arctic exploration with reference to Grinnell Land. Proc. Roy. Geog. Soc, London, viii, 1886, 156-172.
Three years of Arctic service. An account of the Lady Franklin Bay expedition of 1881-84, and the attainment of
the farthest north. New York, 1886. 2 v. 8°. xxv, 428 p. 5 map.s, il.; xii, 444 p. 4 inaps, il.
(Climate in text. Appendix 1-4; meteorological observations, means and mininuim temperature, etc., ii, p. 340-351. Appendix xiii;
account of auroral display, ii, p. 410-418.)
Hall, C. F. Life with the Esquimaux : the narrative of Capt. , of the whaling barque George Ilenry, from the 29th
May, i860, to the 13th September, 1862. London, 1864. 2 v. 8°. xvi, 328 j). m?p, il. ; xii, 352 p. il.
(Climate in text. This work is the same as his : Arctic researches. New York, 1865. 8°.)
See United States, Navy Department.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
461
Hamburg, Dentiche SeewarU: Atlantischer Ozean. Ein Atlas von 36 Karten, die physikalischcn Verhaltnisse und die Ver-
kehrs-Strassen darstcllcnd. Hamburg, 1882. f. up. 36ch.
(Up to 65° north latitude.)
Hann, J. Resultate der meteorologischen Beobachtungen auf Spitzbergen und in Ostgronland. Zeitschr. Met., Wien, xi, 1876,
116-123; Petermann's JMittheil., Gotha, 1876, 290-294.
Hayes, I. I. An Arctic boat journej', in the autumn of 1854. Boston, i860. 8°. xvii, 375 p. 2 ch.
The open polar sea : A narrative of a voyage of discovery toward the north pole in the schooner United States, New
York, 1867. 8°. xxiv, 454 p. ch. il.
The land of desolation; being a personal narrative of observation and adventure in Greenland. New York, 1872.
i2°- 357 P-
Address on Arctic exploration. Journ. Amer. Geog. Soc, New York, ii, pt. 2, 1870, 1-31.
(The above four works contain descriptive climate.)
Physical observations in the Arctic seas. Reduced and discussed by C. A. Schott. [Washington, 1867.] 4°. xi, 270
p. 3 maps, 3 pi. Smithsonian Contributions, xv.
Hearne, Samuel. A journey from Prince of Wales Fort, in Hudson s Bay, to the northern ocean, undertaken by order of the
Hudson's Bay Company for the discovery of copper mines, a liorthwest passage, etc., in the years 1769, 1770, i77i,and 1772.
London, 1795. 4°. xliv, 458 p. 7 ch. 2 pi. (S.)
(Very liule climate.)
Henderson, E. Iceland ; or the journal of a residence in that island during the years 18 14 and 1815, containing observations
on the natural phenomena, history, literature, and antiquities of that Island Edinburgh, 1818. 2 v. 8". xvi,
377 p. map, il.; vii, 412 p. il.
(Climrte.i, p. 351-358.)
Henn, C. B. Witterimgs Beobachtungen angestellt in Okak auf der Kiiste Labrador [1837-38.] Bull. acad. sci.,St. P6tersb.,
v, 1839, col. 142-153.
HoFFiMEVF.R, N. Der Gronlandische Fohn. Zeitschr. Met., Wien, xiii, 1878, 65-71.
HooPF.R, C. L. Report of the cruise of the U. S. revenue-steamer Corwin in the Arctic Ocean. November i, 1880. Wash-
ington, 1 88 1. 8°. 71 p. 4 fold, tables, ch. il.
(Abstract of meteorological journal for the months of June-September, 1880.)
Report of the cruise of the United States revenue steamer Thomas Convin in the Arctic Ocean, 1881. Washington,
1884. 4°. 147 p. photos.
(Climate, p. 85-98; currents an J ice, 120-134.)
[HowGATE, H. W.] Polar colonization and exploration. [Washington, 1877.] 8°. 40 p.
[ ] Polar colonization. The preliminary Arctic expedition of 1877. [Washington, 1877.] 8». 32, 40 p. map.
[ ] Proposed legislation, correspondence, and action of scientific and commercial associations in reference to polar coi li-
zation. [Washington, 1877.] 8°. 48 p.
[ ] Polar colonization. Memorial to Congress, and action of scientific and commercial associations. [Washington, 1878.]
8°. 143 p. map.
(The above four compilations contain much discussion of climate.)
The cruise of the Floreiici-; or extracts from the journal of the preliminary Arctic expedition of 1877-78. Edited by
. Wasliington, 1879. 12°. 183 p.
(Daily journal, containing thermometer and weather observations, October 18, 1877- September 26, 1878.)
Impracticability I^Tlic) of a northwest passage for ships impattially considered. London, 1824. 8°. iv, 182 p.
(Full discussion of climate.)
Inglefielo, E. a. a summer search for Sir John Franklin, with a peep into the polar basin [1852], with short notices by
Prof. Dickie on the botany, and by Dr. Sutherland on the meteorology and geology. London, 1853. 8°. xxi, 232 p.
map.
(Sutherland, T. C. Abstracts of the three hourly meteorological register kept on board the discovery-ship Isabel in the North Atlantic,
Davis' Strait, and Batrm's Hay, July to November. 1852 ; also a table showing the indications of the standard barometer and of the
two aneroid barometers every day at noon during the month of September, p. 193-208.)
Kane, E. K. Access to an open polar sea in connection with the search after Sir John Franklin and his companions. New
York, 1853. 8°. 24 p. ch. wff<?/n/w/«.- Bull. Amer. Geog. Soc, Ntiv York, no. 2.
(Discussion of climate.)
hii;
I !
462
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
pi'',]
^:\\l
•H t
Kane, E. K. The U.S. Grinnell expedition in search of Sir John Franklin. A personal narrative. New York, 1854. 8'. 552p.il.
(MGteorological abstract; half-inonthly abstract of the log-book, May 24, 1850-September 12, 1851, p. 509-540; half-monthly means,
June, 1850-September, 1851, p. 541 ; relative frequency of the winds in each month, June, 1850-August, 1851, p. 542.)
Arctic explorations: The second Grinnell expedition in search of Sir John Franklin, i853-'S'i-'s5. Phila., 1856. 2 v.
8». 464 ; 467 p. 2 maps, il.
(Numerous short tables of observations in lext, and Appendix no. xii of meteorological abstracts, June 5, 1853-April 30, 1855, p. 412-425.)
■ Meteorological observations in the Arctic seas. Reduced and discussed by C. A. Schott. [Washington, 1858.] ^o.
112 p. Smithsonian Contributions, xi.
Kennedy, William. A short narrative of the second voyage of the Pnnce Albert in search of Sir John Franklin. London,
1853. sm. 8°. XXV, 202 p. map, il.
(Meteorological journal on board the Prince Albert, July, l8si-April, 1852, p. 189-198.)
Klutschak, H. W. Als Eskimo unter den Eskimos. Eine Schilderung der Erlebnisse der Schwatka'schen Franklin-Auf-
suchungs-Expedition in den Jahren 1878-80. Wien, Pest, Leipzig, 1881. 8°. 247 p. 5 ch. il. (N.)
Lefrov, J. H., and Richardson, John. Magnetical and meteorological observations at Lake Athabasca and Fort Simpson,
and at Fort Confidence, in Great Bear Lake. London, 1855. 8°. xiv, 391 p. pi.
Lyon, G. F. The private journal of Capt. , of H. M. S. Hecla, during the recent voyage of discovery under Captain
Parry. London, 1824. 8°. xiii, 468 p. map, il.
(Only weather during voyage.)
A brief narrative of an unsuccessful attempt to reach Repulse Bay, through Sir Thomas Rowe's " Welcome," in
H. M. S. Griper, in the year mdcccxxxiv. Londcn, 1825. 8°. viii, 198 p. ch. il.
(Climate in text.)
McClintock, F. L. Meteorological observations in the Arctic seas. Reduced and discussed by C. A. Schott. [Washingtoni
1861.] 4°. xii, 5, r46 p. map. Smithsonian Contributions, xiii.
Fate of Sir John Franklin. The voyage of the Fox in the Arctic seas in search of Franklin and his companions. 5 ed.
With a chapter on the recent searching expeditions of Capt. C. F. Hall and Lieut. F. Schwatka. London, 1881. sm. 8°.
xxiv, [78], 336 p. 2 maps, il.
(Much climate in text; discussion of observations, p. 322-327.)
M'Clure, R. Le M. The discovery of the northwest passage by H. M. S. Investigator, Capt. , 1850, 1851, 1852,
1853, 1854. Edited by Commander Sherard Osborn, from the logs and journals of Capt . London, 1856. 8°.
xix, 405 p. map, il.
(Climate in text. Table of mean barometer with temperature observations on board Investigatjr, August, 1850-March, 1853, p. 347.)
M'CoRMiCK, R. Voyages of discovery in the Arctic and Antarctic seas, and around the world; being personal narratives of
attempts to reach the north and south poles; and of an open-boat expedition up the Wellington Channel in search of Sir
John Franklin and H. M. S. Erebus and Terror, in H. M. boat Forlorn Hope, under the command of the author.
London, 1884. 2 v. 1. S°. xvii, 432 p. il.; xii, 412 p. il. (N. G.)
(Climate and some observations in text.)
M'Doogall, G. F. The eventful voyage of H. M. discovery-ship Resolute to the Arctic regions in search of Sir John Frank-
lin, 1852-1854. London, 1857. xl, 530 p. map, il.
(Table of temperatures on various voyages, 1819-1854, p. 487-491. Meteorological abstract, September, 1852-April, 1854, at Melville
Island and up to 75° north latitude, p. 500-518.)
Malte-Brujt, v. a. L'expedition polaire anglaise en 1875-1876. [Paris, 1877.] 8°. 33 p. map. Repr.from.- Bull,
soc. geog., Paris, 1877.
(Meteorological results.)
Manbv, G. W. Journal of a voyage to Greenland in the year 1 82 1. 2 ed. London, 1823. 8°. xi, 225 p. map, il.
(Climate in text. State of the wind and weather from August to May in the island of Jan Mayen, l633-'34, p. 170-177.)
Markham, a. H. a whaling cruise to Baffin's Bay and the Gulf of Boothia, and an account of the rescue of the crew of the
Polaris, London, 1874. 8°. xxiv, 3r9 p. map, il.
(Scientific results, p. 300-319.)
The great frozen sea. A personal narrative of the voyage of the Alert during the Arctic expedition of 1875-76.
London, 1878. 8°. xx, 440 p. map, il.
(Little climate.)
Meteorologisclie Beobachtungen in Labrador und Gtonland [1841-1843]. Annal. Met. Erdmag., Miinchen, iv, 1842, 69-73J
viii, 1843, 185-191.
(Observations at N'ain, Hebron, Hoflenthal, Lichtenau, Neuhermhut, Friedrichsthal, Godthaab.)
THK LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
463
ranklin. London,
hen Franklin-Auf.
■' "Welcome," in
Meyer, Frederick. Report on the north polar exjieclition of 1871-73. War Department, Office of Chief Signal Officer.
Washington, 1873. 8°. 51 p. Also in: Report Chief Signal Officer, 1873, 990-1025.
(Meteorological observations, p. 37-45, 50-51.)
MiERT.scHiNG, J. A. Reise-Tagebuch des , welcher Dolmetscher die Nordpol-Kxpedition ztir Aufsuchung Sir John
Franklins auf dem Schiffs Investigator heg\e\ieiQ 1850 bis 1854. 2 Aufl. Gnadau, 1856. 8°. xv, 206 p. ch.
(Daily observations of temperature and weather, Greenland.)
Moss, E. L. Observations on Arctic sea-water and ice. [Nares' expedition, i875-'76.] Proc. Roy. Soc, London, xxvii,
1878. S44-SS9-
Shores of the polar sea. A narrative of the Arctic expedition of 1875-76. Illustrated from drawings made on the
spot by the author. London, 1878. P. 83 p. 16 chromolith. map, il.
MiJHRV, A. A. Klima der Sabine-Insel an der Ost-Kiiste von Gronland 74^° n. nach den Beobachtungen der zweiten
deutschen Nordpol-Kxpedition. Zeitschr. Met., Wien, viii, 1873, 33-39.
Nares, G. S. Report on the proceedings of the Arctic expedition, 1875-76. Nature, London, xv, 1876-77, 24-48.
. Narrative of a voyage to the polar sea during 1875-76 in H. M. S. Alert and Discn'cry. With notes on the natural
history, edited by H.W. Feilden. 4 ed. London, 1878. 2 v. 8°. xl, 395 p. map; viii, 378 p. map, ih
(Much climate in text. Meteorological abstract, p. 354-355)
and Fkilden, H. W. Physical observations. In : Great Britain, Parliament. Results derived from the Arctic expedi-
tion of i875-'76. London, 1878. 4°. p. 3-146, 15 pi. (Sig. S.)
NoRDENSKioLD, A. E. Temperatur von Omenak, Westgronland. Zeitschr. Met., Wien, " 1872, 141-142.
Expedition to Greenland, 1870. /////«.• Arctic voyages, 1858-1 879. London, 1079. 8°. p. 153-175.
Greenland expedition. Nature, London, xxix, 1883-84, 10-13, 39~42. 79-8i.
Obsenatious inctcorologiqucs en Labrador. Bull. soc. geog., Geneve, ii, 1861, 163-165.
O'Reilly, Bernard. Greenland, the adjacent seas, and the northwest passage to the Pacific Ocean, illustrated in a voyage
to Davis's Strait during the summer of 1817. New York, 1818. 8°. vi, 251 p. 3 maps.
(Much climate. Daily journal of thermometer, wind, and waather on voyage outward, March 13-May 7, p. 25-38, and in Davis's
Strait, May 8-July 23, p. 1^5-172.)
Parry, W. E. Journal of a voyage for the discovery of a northwest passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific; performed in
the years 1819-20, in H. M. S. Htcla and Griper, under the orders of . With an appendix containing the scientific
and other observations. London, 182 1. 4°. xxix, 310, clxxix p. 6 ch.
(Abstract of the meteorological journal kept on board II. M. S. Hecla duiing the months of July, 1819-September, 1820; monthly tablet
of actaal observations scattered in text.)
Journal of a second voyage for the discovery of a northwest passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific; performed in
the years 182 1-2 2-23, in H. M. S. Fury and Hecla, under the orders of . London, 1824. 4°. xxx, 571 p. 4 ch.
pi. il.
(Abstract of the meteorological journal kept on board 11. M. S. Fury during the months of June, 1821-Septemter, 1823 ; monthly tables
of actual observations scattered in text.)
Appendix to Captain Parry's journal of a second voyage for the discovery of a northwest passage from the Atlantic to
the Pacific; performed in H. M. S. Fury and Hecla in the years i82i-'22-'23. London, 1825. 4°. 432 p. 2 pi.
(Fisher, George. On the atmospherical refraction, p. 163-235.)
Journal of a third voyage for the discovery of a northwest passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific ; performed in the
years 1824-25, in H. M. S. Hecla and Fury, under the orders of . London, 1826. 4°. xxvii, 151 p. chs. il.
(Abstract of the meteorological journal kept on board H. M. S. Ilecla from June, 1824-September, 1825, app. I, p. 3-33. Actual
observations.)
Paulsen, F. W. Ein Ausflug durch den Godthaabs Fjord nach dem gronlandischen Inlandseis (Sommer 1882). Deutsche
geog. Blatter, Bremen, vi, 1883, 325-334.
See Denmark, Danske meteorologiske Institut.
Pedersen, Peder. Undersogelse om Barometrets Oscillation paa Island.
Oversigt Dansk. Vid. Selsk., Kjdbenhavn, 1845,
65-69.
— Oversigt at Resultaterne over meteorologiske lakttagelser i Gronland. Oversigt Dansk. Vid. Selsk., Kj^benhavn,
1857, 40-46.
iii!
li
'4.1
mm
464
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITIJN.
i J
j 1 ■
1 i :
1 ■
!
t 1
:i
•1 i
f. ' '\
[ ■ ^ Y
tli
ii^
Peirce, H. M. U. S. State Department. A report on the resources of Iceland and Gieenland. Compiled by . Wash-
ington, 1 868. 8"^. 72 p. 2 ch.
(Climate of Iceland, p. 15-16; Greenland, p. 41-44. Table of tliennonietrical observations in the Arctic regions, p. 66-67.)
PETER.MANN, A. H. 'Ihc .search for I'ranklin. A suggestion submitted to the British public. London, 1852. sni. 80. 24 p.
map.
(Valual)le discussion of climate.)
Das nordlichste Land der Erde. Petermann's Mittheil., Gotha, 1867, 176-200.
Der Golfstrom und Standpunkt der thermometrischen Kenntniss des Nord-Atlantischen Oceans und Landgebiets im
Jahre 1870. Petermann's Mittheil., Gotha, 1870, 201-244, ch. 12-13.
(Isotherms of Baffin's Bay, Smith Sound, etc.)
Rae, John. Narrative of an expedition to the shores of the Arctic Sea in 1846 and 1847. London, 1850. 8°. viii, 247 p.
map.
(Daily remarks on weather. Also: Abstract of meteorological journal from September, 1846-August, 1847, Fort Hope and Repulse
Bay, p. 224-247)
Raymond, C. W. Report of a reconnaissance of the Yukon River, Alaska Territory, July to Septeitiber, 1869. Washing-
ton, 187 1. 8°. 112 p.
(Meteorological observations, p. 55-57- Record and reduction, St. Michael's, en route, and at Fort Yukon, p. 99-112.)
Richardson, John. Remarks on the climate and vegetable products of the Hudson's Bay countries. Edinb. N. Phil.
Journ., xii, 1825, 197-231.
Results of thermometrical observations made at Sir Edward Parry's several wintering places on his Arctic voyages
and at Fort Franklin. Journ. Roy. Geog. Soc, London, ix, 1839, 331-380.
On the frozen soil of North America. Edinb. N. Phil. Journ., xxx, 1841, 1 10-123.
Observations on solar radiation made at Fort Franklin in the years 1825-27. //>. xxx, 1841, 240-252, 419-421.
Arctic searching expedition : A journal of a boat-voyage through Rupert's Land and the Arctic Sea in search of the
discovery ships under command of Sir John Franklin. With an appendix on the physical geography of North America.
New York, 1852. sm. 8°. xi, 516 p.
(Much meteorology. Climatology, p. 372-407.)
Rink, Henry. On the large continental ice of Greenland, and the origin of icebergs in the Arctic seas. Journ. Roy. Geog.
Soc, London, xxiii, 1853, i45-i53'
Physikalisch-geographische Beschreibung von Nord-Gronland. Zeitschr. allg. Erdk., Berlin, ii, 1854, 177-239.
Danish Greenland; its people and products. Edited by Dr. Robert Brown. London, 1877. 8°. xviii, 468 p.
map, il. (Sig. S.)
(Chap. 3, climate, p. 56-63 ; app. 2, meteorology, p. 372-379.)
Die neueren danischen Untersuchungen in Gronland. Petermann's Mittheil., Gotha, 1883, 128-139; 1884, 41-46;
1885,47-58; 1886,48-52,79-86.
Ross, John. A voyage of discovery, made under the order of the Admiralty, in H. M. S. Isabella and Alexander, for the
purpose of exploring Baffin's Bay, and inquiring into the probability of a northwest passage. London, 1819. 4°. xxsix,
252, cxliv p. 3 ch. il.
(Aurora borealis, p. ci.\-c.x.\iii. Meteorological register of H. M. S. Isabella, no text, 3 charts showing ranges of barometer, temperature
of air and water, winds, and variation for May-October, 1818.)
Narrative of a second voyage in search of a northwest passage and of a residence in the Arctic regions during the
years 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832, 1833, by , including the re|)orts of Commander, now Captain, James Clark Ross,
and the discovery of the northern magnetic pole. London, 1835. 4°. xxxiii, 740 p.
(Much climate.)
Appendix to the narrative of a second voyage London, 1835. 4°. xii, 120, cxliv, cxi p. il.
(Aurora borealis, new theory, p. 1 13-119, pi. Meteorology, i-.\liii; nieteorulogical observations of the Victory discovery ship, taken on
the ice and registered hourly, October 29-March, 1832, i-xxxiv; register of the barometer (3 observations daily), November,
1829-April, 1832, xxxv-xl; general abstract of the meteorological observations of the J'iiLiy discovery ship, taken on the ice and
registered hourly, Felix harbor, xii; Sheriflf's harl)or, xlii; Victory harbor, xliii.
RossE, L C. Medical and anthropological notes on Alaska. In: U. S. Treasury Department. Cruise of the revenue-steamer
Corwin in Alaska and the N. W. Arctic ocean in i88i. Washington, 1883. 4°. p. 1-43.
(Climate, p. 11-23.)
Ls!ikfcisrti«3
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
465
ler, temperature
enue-steamer
SCHOTT, C. A. Contribution to our knowledge of the climate of the Ameriran ])olnr regions, with an accompanying illustra-
tion. In: Kane, E. K. Arctic explorations. Phila., 1856. 2 v. 8°. ii, [) 426-428. ch.
(Chart of monthly mean isotherms in liaftin's Hay.)
Sir Hayes, I. I.; Kane, Y.. K.; McClintock, F. L.
ScoRESBY, William. On the Greenland or polar ice. [PZ'dinburgh? 1815]. n. t. j). 8°. 78 p.
Journal of a voyage to the northern whale fishery; including researches and discoveries on the eastern coast of west
Greenland, made in the summer of 1822, in the shi|) Baffin, of Liverpool. Kdinburgh, 1823. 8°. xliii, 472 p. maps.
(Much climjite and meteorology. Meteorological table, April-September, 1S22, p. 430-441.)
The Franklin expedition, or considerations on measures for the discovery and relief of our absent adventurers in the
Arctic regions. London, 1850. 8°. 99 p.
Simpson, John. Results of thermometrical observations made at the rioret's wintering jjlace, Point Barrow, lat. 71° 21' n.,
long. 156° 17' w., in i8s2-'54. Rep. Brit, assoc, 1857, 159-184; pt. 2, 37-38, pi. 2.
Snow, W. P. Voyage of the Prince Albert in search of Sir John Franklin, a narrative of everyday life in the Arctic seas.
London, 1851. 12°. xvi, 416 p. map, il.
(Meteorological journal, June-September, 1850, p, 400-407; summary, 408-412.)
SoNREL, L. Note sur le climal de I'Island. Ann. soc. met. de France, Paris, xv, 1867, 219-225, 4 pi.
Sumner, Charles. Speech on the cession of Russian America to the United States. Washington, 1867. 8°. 48 p. map.
Jiepr, from : Congressional Globe. (G.)
(Climate, p. 28-31.)
Sutherland, P. C. Journal of a voyage in Baffin's Bay and Barrow Straits in the years 1850-1851, performed in H. M. S.
Lady Franklin and Sop/iia, under the command of Mr. William Penny, in search of the missing crews of H. M. S. Erebuf
and Terror; with a narrative of sledge excursions on the ice of the Wellington Channel; and observations on the natural
history and physical features of the countries and frozen seas visited. London, 1852. 2 v. sm. 8°. lii, 506 p. map;
vii, 363 p. map, 6 pi.
(Abstract of the three-hourly meteorological register kept on board II. M. S. Sophia in the Arctic region, 1850-1851 ; also an abstract
of the meteorological register kept in a journey over the ice through the Wellington Channel to Prince Alfred Hay and Prince Albert
Land, 1851, ii, apjiendix, p. cxxxi-clxxviii. 8 obs. daily.)
Thompson, David. Mean temperature of Cumberland house [1789-90], and Bedford house [1795-96], Hudson's Bay Ter-
ritory. Brit. Amer. Journ., Montreal, iv, 1848-49, 302.
Thorstensen, J. Barometer lagttagelser i Island [1820-1825]. Oversigt Dansk. Vid. Selsk., Kjobenhavn, i824-'2S, 20-24;
Astr, Nachr., Altona, i, 1823, 221-222.
Bidrag till Islands Climatologie. Oversigt Dansk. Vid. Selsk., Kjebenhavn, 1845, 65-69.
See Copenhagen, Societas scientiarum danicae ; Buchan, A.
Tromholt, Sophus. Sur les periodes de I'aurore boreale (d'apres des observations faites ^ Godthaab en Groenland). Copen-
hague, 1882. Ix p. 2 pi. Jiepr. from.- Denmark, Dansk. met. Inst., Aarbog, 1880.
(In Danish and French.)
United States, Coast and Geodetic Sumey, Pacific coast pilot. Coasts and islands of Alaska. Second series. Washington,
1879. 4°. 375 p. il.
(Contains; Appendix I, Meteorology, W. H. Dall, p. 1-162. 28 ch. 12 pi. Very full discussion.)
Pacific coast pilot. Alaska. Part i. Washington, 1883. viii, 333 p. chs. pis.
(Meteorological tables, mean temperature, pressure, sea temperature, precipitation, prevailing winds, for 34 stations, p. 267-275.)
Hydrographic Office. Papers on the eastern and northern extension of the Gulf Stream. From the German of Dr. A.
Petermann, Dr. W. von Freeden, and Dr. A. Miihry. Translated by E. R. Knorr. Washington, 187 1. 4°. viii, 388 p.
2 ch. First [ — sixth] supplement. [Washington, 1872-1875.] 6 papers. 4°. 18; 26; 57, map; 46; 16, map; 32 p.
^ — Navy Department. Report to the President of the United States of the action of the Navy Department in the matter
of the disaster of the U. S. exploring expedition towards the north pole, accompanied by a report of the examination
of the rescued party, etc. [Washington, 1873.] 8°. 161 p. map.
, (Copies of diaries containing daily observations of temperature, wind, weather, etc.)
Scientific results of the U. S. Arctic expedition, steamer Polaris, C. F. Hall, commanding. Vol. i. Physical
observations by Emil Bessels. Washington, 1876. 4°. xii, 86, 56, 162,43, ^91 82, 25, no, 12, 54, 17, 58, 100, 6, 86
p. chs. 13 pi.
(Suppressed for errors.)
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 3(1
460
THK LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXPEDITION.
1 1(
United StiUis A'avy Dipartmeiit. Narnitive of the north polar expedition, U. S. ship Polaris, Captain C. F. Hall, command-
ing. Edited, under the direction of Hon. G. M. Robeson, Secretary of the Navy, by Rear Admiral C. H. Davis, U. S.
Naval Observatory, 1876. Washington, 1876. 4°. 696 p. 6 maps, il.
(Jmiriials incluile i;eiicral clinialc.)
Narrative of a second Arctic expedition made by C. F. Hall; his voyage to Repulse Bay; sledge journeys to
the straits of Fury and Hechi and to King William's Land, and residence among the Eskimos during the years 1864-69.
Edited under the order of the honorable Secretary of tlie Navy by Prof. J. E. Nourse, U. S. Naval Observatory, 1879.
Washington, 1879. 4°. 1, 644 p. ch. niaj), il.
(Hall's ineteorDluHica! journal, 1864 '(ii;, app. ii, p. 479-54.?. 3 observations daily.)
Report of a board of officers to consider an expedition for the relief of Lieutenant Greely and party. Wash-
ington, 1884. 8°. 192 p. |)1. map.
(t)iily incidental climate.)
l'r(yceedings of the Protriis court of inquiry on the Greely relief expedition of 1883. Washington, 1884.
8o.
310, 265 p. 5 ch. jihotos.
— Sii^nal Seivicr. .Meteorological and physical observations on the east coast of British America by Orray Taft Sherman.
Professional jiapers, no. xi. Washington, 1883. 4°. 202 p. ch. pi.
Work of the Signal .Service in the Arctic regions. Notes no. v. Washington, 1883. 8°. 40 p. ch.
Re|)ort on Lady Franklin Bay expedition of 1883. By E. A. Garlington. Notes no. x. Washington, 1883.
8°. 52 p. ch.
Physical observations during the Lady Franklin Bay expedition of 1883. By W. IL Lamar, Jr., and Frank
W. Ellis. Notes no. xiv. Washington, 1884. 8°. 62 ]). ch. il.
Report of the international polar expedition to Point Barrow; Alaska. [By Lieut. P. H. Ray.] Washington,
188;
4°. 69s p. pis.
Walker, David. On the meteorology of the Arctic seas during the Fox Arctic expedition. Rep. Brit. Met. Soc, London,
i8s9-'6o, 6-1 1.
WtiterbeobachtHngen in Groniand, Terra Labrador, .... [i 790-1 801]. Aus den Tagebikhern der Missionarien der
evangcUschvn Brihiergemeiiie. Annal. Phys., Halle., xii, 1803, 206-223; Mag. Naturk., Jena,«ix, 1805.
WicHMANN, H. Die atnerikanische Polarexjjedition nach Lady Franklin-Bai, 1881-84. Petermann's Mittheil., Gotha, 1884,
339-348-
Witlerungsbeobaclilun\:,cn aus Labrador, Okt. i-j-ji-Okt. 1772, 1773; Sept, 1775-1781, i78i-'82, 1783. Wittenberger
Wochenbl., vii, 1774; ix, 1776; xvi, 1783; xviii, 1785; xix, 1786.
(I'ublislied ul>servations nut seen, and probably not in this country. I'rof. C. Abbe has a ms. volume containing the following: Nain,
October I, 1776-September 30, 1782, by Samuel I.iebisch; (October i, 1782-July 31, 1784, by David Krilgelstein; Okkak, October
I, i77S-AugHst 3, 1782, by Jens Hafen. Observations in (xtcnso of barometer, thermometer, wind, and weather at 8, 12, 8, and
for part of the time at 8, 12, 4, 8.)
WoEiKOF, A. L Die Winde des Erdballs. i. Groniand und arktisches Amerika. Zeitschr. Met, Wien, xiv, 1879, 1-5.
lii '. ;
ill'
,!!|
III.-ARCTIC EUROPE AND ASIA.
Ani.strom, a. J. Om lufttemperaturen i Enontekis. Ofversigt svensk. vet. akad., Stockholm, xvii, i860, 141-154.
Austria. Die Internationale Polarforschung, 1882-1883. Die cisterreichische Polarstation Jan Mayen, ausgeriistet durch s. E-
Graf Hanns Wilczek, geleit'^t von Emil Edien von Wohlgemuth. Beobachtungs-Ergebnisse hsg. von der kaiserlichen
Akademie der Wissenschaften. Band i; ii, Abth. 1,2; iii. Wien, 1886-1887. 3 v. 4°, 118, 50, 202, 76, 18 p. 4 ch. 15
pi.; 232 p. 12 pi ; 175 p. 25 pi.; x, 132, 24, 20 p. 9 pi.
Baer, K. E. von. Ueber das Klima von Nowaja-Semlja und die mittlere Temperatur insbesondere. Bull. acad. sci., St.
Petersb., ii, 1837, col. 225-238; Annal. Phys. Chem., Berlin, xliii, 1838, 336-360.
Ueber den jahrlichen Gang der Temperatur in Nowaja-Semlja. lb., ii, 1837, ^^^- 242-254.
Ueber den tiiglichen Gang der Temperatur in Nowaja-Semlja. lb., ii, 1837, col. 289-300.
Expedition i Novaia-Zemlia et en Laponie [1837]. lb., iii, 1838, col. 96-107, 132-144, 151-159, 171-192,343-352,
':i?
THI<: LADY l-'UANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
467
d party. VVash-
Baer, K. K. von, On the ground ice or frozen soil of Siberia. Journ. Roy. (leoj;. Soc, London, viii, 1838, 210-212, 401-
405; Amer. Journ. Sci., New Haven, xxxvi, 183^, 210-212.
'remperatur-Beob.'iclUungen, die ;ui der Westkiiste von NowajaSeinlja unter dem 74sten Grade niirdl. Ureite angc-
stellt worden sind. lUiii. aiad. sci., St. I'etersb., vii, 1840, col. 229-248.
Ucber das Klima des Taimyr- Landes. Nath den HeobaclUungen des Middendorft'schen Expedition. //'., iv, 1845,
col. 3'S-336
Ueber nothwendig scheinende KrgHnzungen der Beobachtungen iiber die Boden-Temperatur in Siberien.
/A, viii,
1850, col. 209-224; Annal. Phys. Chem., Berlin, Ixxx, 1850, 242-262.
Beechey, F. \V. a voyage of discovery toward the north pole, performed in H. M. S. Dorothea and Trent, under the com-
mand of Capt. David Buchan, 1818 ; to which is added a summary of all the early attempts to reach the Pacific by way
of the pole. London, 1843. 8°. ix, 351 p. map, il.
(Climatu in text. Sea-ttinperaturc anil currents, p. 339-343.)
Broch, O. J. Hivernage de I'expedition suedoise au Spitzberg. Bull. soc. geog., Paris, vi, 1873, 538-543.
BuNGE, A. Die russische Polarstation an der Lena-Mundung. Deutsche geog. Blatter, Bremen, vii, 1884, 287-294.
Campen, S. R. van. The Dutch in the Arctic seas. Vol. i. A Dutch Arctic expedition and route. 3 ed. London, 1878.
8°. xxxvii, 263 p. maps, il.
(Climate in text.)
Chavanne, J. Jan Mayen und die osterreich-arktische Beobachtungsstation. Wien, 1883. 8°. 66 p. ch.
Commhsion scieiitifique dii iionl. Voyages en Scandinavie, en Laponie, au Spit/.berg et aux Feroe, 1838-1846, sur la corvette
La Recherche. Publit-es sous la direction de NL Paul Gaimard. Meteorologie, par MM. V. Lottia, A. Bravais. ....
[Paris, 1843-1855.] 3 V. 8°. 495, 474, 556 p. 3 pi. in : Atlas de physique.
Aurores bori^ales .... Paris, [1843 ?] 8°. Atlas f°. (Sig.)
Danenhower, J. W. Narrative of the ^frt/;/;**//)?. Boston, 1882. 12°. 102p.il.
(Little climate.)
De Long, G. W. The voyage of the yeannette. The ship and ice journals of , edited by his wife, Emma De Long.
Boston, 1883. I V. in 2. 8°. xii, 440; x, 441-91 1 p. map, il.
(General climate.)
DOben, Gustaf VON. Lappland och lapparne. Fciretriidesvois de svenske. Ethnografiska studier af . [Stockholm?
1873.] 1. 8°. vii, 528 p. 7 pi. il. (S.)
(Climate, p. 14-17.)
DuFFERiN (F. T. Blackwood), Lord. Letters Ironi high latitudes ; being some account of a voyage in the schooner-yacht
Foam to Iceland, Jan Mayen, and Spitzbergen, in 1856. 2 ed. London, 1857. 8°. xvii, 425 p. 3 maps, il.
(Thermonietrical observations (bi-hourly) of air and water, with the direction and state of wind and weather, June 13-Septeniber 25,
p. 411-425. No ol)Servations while at Iceland.)
Ehrenheim, F. W. Om climaternes rorlighet. Stockholm, 1824. 12°. 208 p. (Sig.)
(Includes means for northern stations.)
Ekholm, N. L'expedition suedoi.se au Spitzberg, 1 882- 1 883. Compte rendu. Upsala, 1884. 8°. 32, 14 p. (Sig. G.)
(Meteorological summary, August 15, 1882-August 23, 1883, pt. i, p. 26-32.)
Finland. S^xploration internationale des regions polaires, 1 882-1 883 et 1883-1884. Expedition polaire finlandaise. Tome
I. Meteorologie. Observations faites aux stations de Sodankylii et de Kultala par Selim Lenistnini [et| Ernest Biese.
Publiees .... sous les auspices de la Societe des sciences de Finlande. Helsingfors, 1886. 4°. 13, 172 p. 6 pi.
Grad, Ch. Esquisse physique des iles Spitsbergen et du pole arctique. Paris, 1866. 8°. 164 p. map.
(Tides, p. 41 ; climate, 41-46; aurora and magnetism, 46-52.)
Sur I'extension du Gulfstream dans le Nord et sur la temptjrature des mers. Compt. rend. acad. sci., Paris, Ixxiii,
1871. 133-137
— R^sultats scientifiques des explorations de I'Ocean glacial h. Test des Spitzbergen en 1871.
Bull. soc. gtiog., Paris, vi,
1874. 337-379-
Hallstrom, G. G. Observationum thermometricarum in Madras .... Boothia, Porte Carica et Matotschkinschar per
omnes fere horas anni insfitutarum, computus. Acta soc. sci. fenn., Helsingfors, i, 1842, 263-272,
■ Om Luftvarmen pd Carlo [og WorpJ. Jb., ii, 1347, 119-143.
il'
4G8
TUB LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
1 ]['■
i !,; '
«ii
''fill
'' I
Hamberg, Axkl. Hydrografiskkemiska iakttagelscr under den svenska expeditionerner till Grcinland, 1883. i. Bihang
till k. svenska vet. aknd. handlingar. Hand ix, no. 16. Stockholm, 1884. 8°. 65 p. 7 pi.
(Extr.) I'roc. Koy. Cleog. Soc, London, vi, 1884, 569-578.
(Sen Iciiii'trJturc.)
Hambchc, H. K. Resume af meteorologiska observationer i (lyda-Viken i vestra Sibirien, etc. Okt., 1880-Juli, 1881,
utforda af M. K. AriHsen. Vmer, Stockholm, 18S3, 146-149; Zeitschr. Met., VVien, xviii, 1883, 475-476. (Sig.)
Hann, Jui.U.s. Klima von Hiircn Insel. Zeitschr. Met., Wien, v, 1870, 343-345.
( hiitciisiiioii uf i'obiescn'!! iil)ser\aliun.<i, i865-'66.)
Resultate der meteorologischen BeobachtunRen auf Spitzbergen und in Ostgrcinland. Jd,, xi, 1876, 1 16-123; Peter-
mann's Mittheil., Ciotha, 1876, 290-294.
Hanstken, C, and Due (Lieut.). Resultate magnetischer, astronomischer und nieteorologischer Beobachtungen auf einer
Raise nach ilem ostlichen Sibirien in den Jahren 1828-1830. Christiania, 1863. 4°. (Harvard College library.)
(OliMTialioiis ill Kamscli.ilka .iiiil I'ular Sea.)
Hakiiek, G. H. Re|)ort of his search for the missing jjcople of the yeannctte expedition, etc. |48th congress, ist session,
ex. doc. no. 163, Washington, 1884. J 8°. 75 p. map, 4 photos,
((jeneral climate.)
Hehiiigfuts, Suciete des sciences. Observations meteorologiques publices par . i-viii, 1873-1880. Helsingfors, 1875-
1883. 8v. 8°. (Sig.)
(Mo.si northerly .stations Tornea, Soclankyla, and KittilA, the la.st fur only 1873-1875.)
HiLDEBKANussDN, H. H. Marche des isothermes au printemps dans le nord de I'Europe. Upsal, 1880. 4". 10 p. 5 ch.
(Sig.)
See Nordenskiold, A. E.
HoRCK, A. H. VAN UER. On Spitzbergen seas and a boat journey in Lapland. Bull. Amer. Geog. Soc, New York, i876-'77,
no. 2, p. 10-29.
(I.illle climate.) •
HovGAARD, A. P. Nordenskiold's voyage round Asia and Europe. A popular account of the northeast passage of the Vega,
i878-'8o. Translated from the Danish by H. L. Braeksted. London, 1882. 8°. liv, 293 p. 3 maps, il. (N. G.)
((•eneral climate.)
Sommaire des ob' vations meteorologiques faites dans la mer de Kara (aoflt i88j-septembre 1883). In: Den-
mark, Danske met. Inst. Resume des travaux de I'exp^dition polaire danoise internationale. Copenhague, 1884. 8°.
p. 31-34. (Sig. G.)
Die Kiszuslande im Karischen Meere. Petermann's Mittheil., Gotha, 1884, 253-259.
Jansen (Com.). The Dutch Arctic voyages (1878-1881) and the probable position of Mr. Leigh Smith. Proc. Roy. Geog.
Soc, London, iv, 1882, 35-41.
(Climate and ice of Spitzbergen Sea.)
JoHN.STON, K. & BucHAN, A. The temperature of the sea between Scotland, Iceland, and Norway. Journ. Scot. Met. Soc,
Edinb., iii, 1870-73, 146-154
JoNGE, J. K. J. DE. Nova Zembla. De voorwerpen door de Nederlandsche zeevaarders na hunne overwintering aldaar in
1597 achtergelaten en in 871 door Kapitein Carlsen teruggevonden, beschreven en toegelicht door . Tweede
druk. 's Gravennage, 1873. 8°. 36p.ch.il. (G.)
(Only slight descriptive climate.)
KOppen, W. p. Klima am unteren Jenissei. Zeitschr. Met., Wien, x, 1875, 165-171.
KoLDEWEY, Kari.. The German Arctic expedition of i869-'7o, and narrative of the wreck of the Hansa in the ice. Trans-
lated and abridged by L. Mercier, and edited by H. W. Bates. London, 1874. 1. 8°. viii, 583 p. 2 maps, ii. (N. S.)
(Little climate.)
Die Lagerungen und Bewegungen des arktischen Eises im Meere zwischen Spitzbergen und Gronland. Deutsche
geog. Blatter, Bremen, iv, 1881, 281-2S7, ch.
Lemstrom, C. S. Forsok ang^ende polarljuset under finska polar-expeditionen i Lappland. Ofvers. finska vet. soc, Helsing-
fors, XXV, i882-'83, 50-72; Mittheil. int. Polar-Comm., St. Petersb., Heft 4, 1883, 125-144.
Om den finska polar-expeditionens arbeten, 1883-84. lb., xxvi, 1883-84, 88-1 1 1 ; ib., Heft 6, 1884, 331-335; Nature,
London, xxxi, 1884-85, 372-376.
■ \
il ■
■:
'■ 1
1 n| j
Ii
iili
1883. i. Bihang
TUE LADY FUANKLIN UAY EXPEDITION.
469
5, 1 16-123; Peter-
roc. Roy. Geog.
Scot. Met. Soc,
[LEMSTRttM, C. S.] Om den finska polar cxpeditionen till Sodankylii och Kultala Urcn 1 88 j-'8j, October, i883-'84, jiltnte
skildringar frilii Lappland af expcditioncns medlenimar. Hclsingfors, 1885. 173p.il. (Sig.)
Markham, a. H. a polar reconnaissance, being the voyage of the Isb/iini to Novaya Zcmlya in 1879. London, 1881.
xvi, 361 p. 2 majjs, ii.
(Little climate.)
Martins, C. F. Memoire siir les temperatures de la mer glaciale, i la surface et i\ dc grandes profondeurs. Annal. cbim.,
I'aris, xxiv, 1848, 220-252; Comp. rend. acad. sci , Paris, xxvi, 1848, 333-335.
Sur les tein|)cratures <le la mer dans le voisinage <les glaciers du Spitzherg. Annal. chiin., I'aris, xxv, 1849, 173-193.
La vegetation du Spit/berg, comparee \ celle des Alpes et des Pyrenees. Mem. acad. sci., Montpellier, vi, 1864-66,
145-168; Bull. soc. bot. France, Paris, xii, 1865, 144-162.
Le cliuiat de Spitzberg. Ann. soc. met. de France, Paris, xiii, 1865, 173-177.
Meri.o, F. r. [Meteorological observations in the North Turukhansk country.] Izvestia geog. obsht., Irkutsk, x, 1874,
4S-47-
MiDDKNDORFK, A. T. VON. Hericht iiber den Schergin-Schacht. (Observations geognosiicjues et meteorologiques.) Bull,
acad. sci,, St. Petersb., iii, 1845, col. 259-269.
Bericht iiber die Kxpedition in das nordostliche Sibirien wiihrend der Sommerhalfte des Jahres 1843. ii. Ergebnisse.
Meteorologie. //' , iii, 1845, col. 166-176.
Reise in den aussersten Norden und Osten Sibiriens wahrend der Jahre 1843 und 1844, mit aller hochster Genehmigung
auf Veranstaltung der k. Akademie der Wissenschaften ausgefiihrt und in Verbindung mit vielen (lelehrtcn herausgege-
ben von . Vol. i. Theil i. Meteorologische, geothermische, magnetische und geognostische Beobachtungen.
St. Petersburg, 1848. 4".
(Meleorolo(;isclie Heubachtungen, bearb. von W. von MiddemlorA, p. 7-81. (ieotliermisclie Ileubachtungen, p. 85-184. Containi
observations at many stations on the Siberian coast, <'.,^'., Taimyr, May 26-Seplember S, 1S43; Turukhansk, March 14-April 3, 1843.
Exlnuts in: Hull. acad. set., St. I'itcrsb., ii, 1844, col. 241-256; iii, 1845, col. 241-259, 289-304. Wild, H, Die Temperaturver-
h.lltnisse des russischen Reichs. St. I'ctersb., i88i.)
Uebersicht der Natur Nord- und Ost-Sibiriens. Klima. Ih , Band iv, Theil i, Lief. 3. St. Petersb., 1861. p. 333-523.
Der ("loifstrom ostwarts vom Nordkap. Bull. acad. sci., St. Petersb,, xv, 1871, col. 409-434; xviii, 1873, col. 1-5;
Petermann's Mittheil., Gotha, xvii, 1871, 25-34.
MoHN, Henrik. Temperature de la mer entre I'lslande, I'ficosse et la Norvege. Chri^tiania, 1870. 8°, Forhandl, Vid.
Selsk., Christiania, xii, 1870, 321-339; Zeitschr. Met., VVien, v. 1870, 410-411.
Resultate der Tiefsee-Temperatur-Beobachtungen im Meere zwischen Gronland, Nord-F.uropa und Spitzbergen.
Petermann's Mittheil., Gotha, xviii, 187;, 315-318; U. S. Hydrog. Office, Papers on the Gulf Stream. Washington, 1873.
4°. p. I-IO.
Die Klimatologie Norwegens. Christiania, 1872. 4°. 19 p. 16 pi. Repr.froni: Schubeler, F. C. Die Prianzenwelt
Norwegens. Christiania, 1873. 4°. (Sig.)
^//vr/j- Expedition til Spidsbergen i November og December, 1872, og dens videnskabelige Resultater. Forhandl.
Vid. Selsk., Christiania, xv, 1873, 360-385; Petermann's Mittheil , (iotha, xix, 1873, 252-258.
Bidrag til Ostishavets Klimatologie og Meteorologi des O.stpolar-Meeres. lb., xvi, 1874, 74-106; lA, xx, 1874,
162-177. Zeitschr. Met., Wien, ix, 1874, 235-237.
Die Temperatur-Verhaltnisse im Meere zwischen Norwegen, Schottland, Island, und Spitzbergen. Petermann's
Mittheil., Gotha, xxii, 1876, 427-438; Nature, London, xiv, 1876, 232, 337-338, 441-442; xv, 1876-77, 107-108.
— Die norwegische Nordmer-Expedition. Resultate der Lothungen und Tiefseetcmperatur-Beobachtungen. (Ergan-
zungsh. No. 63 zu Petermann's Mittheilungen.) Gotha, 1880. 4°. 24 p. 3 pi.
{See, also, Petermann's Mittheil., 1878, l-ll, pi. I.)
— On the meteorological observations made in the Norwegian deep-sea research expedition in the summers of 1876 and
1877. Quart. Journ. Met. Soc, London, iv, 1878, 32-52.
— Norges KUma. Christiania, 1879. 4°. 24p.9pl. .^^/r. /r^w .• Schubeler, C. F. Vaextlivet i Norge. Christiana, 1879.
4. (Sig.)
— Den Norske Nordhavs-Expedition, 1876- 1878. x. Meteorologi. The Norwegian North Adantic expedition, 1876-78.
Meteorology. Christiania, 1883. i°. 150 p. 3 pi. map.
• (Hourly observations.)
■I
Ii
i;l
470
THK LAhY I'UANKMN HAY KXPKDITION.
Il I
!!
\ h
['"'%
; :l
i' ri
1 : !
fli
MoHN, HiNKiK. Klima von Norwcgcn. Zeitschr. Met., Wicn, xix, iS.S», 145-154; xx, 1885, 8-17, 478-485.
( Incliiik's islanib ami .sea* iiortli.)
Ik'iiriinc /.iir Hyilr(inr;ii)liic dur sibirischcn Kisinccres, naih don Bcobachtungcn ilcs ^iyiJ-Kxpediiion im Sonimer 1878.
IVtcrmann's Mitlhtil., (iotlia, 1884, 250-253.
(ri;iii|ieraluri'.)
MOiiRV, A. A. Das Klinia an dcr Ni)rdkiistc von Spitzbcrgen, nach den Ucobachtungcn der letzten stliwcdischen Polar-Expe-
dition, /citsthr. Met., Wicn, viii, 1873, 277-280.
MCi.i.ER, F. !■'. [Results of the magnetic and meteorological observations of the Olenek expedition.) Izvestia Riissk. gcog.
obsht., St. I'etersb., x, 1874, 341-352; xii, 1876, 31-36.
Nkrvandkr, J. J. Hereclinung von Heobachtungen des tiiglichen Ganges der Temperatur in einigen arctischen Gegenden.
Acta see. sci. fenn., Melsingfors, ii, 1847, 945-100^1.
NetheilaiiJs, A'cdfiiiiiid^h mttcoivh's^hch iiisliliiiit. Meteorologische waarnemingcn en diepzceloodingen. Gcdaan aan boord
.van J)f li^illfiii Jhtniiihz, in de Spitsbergen- en Harendsz-Zee in den zomer van 1878-1879. Utrecht, 1879, 1880. a v.
4°. n. i)ag. 2 pi. (Sig.)
(Ili-hiiurly obsvrvaticinii ol currents, wind, liarometer, thermometer, sea temperature, cloudi, weather, etc. Volumes for 1881-1884 <">d
(;encral nllns |)ul)lislieii, but not seen.)
NoRnKNSKK'ii.i), .A. K. Meteorologiska iakttagelser anstiillda pil Beeren-P'iland vintern i865-'66, af Sievert Tobiesen, och in
oin norra polarhafvet sonimaren 1808 af V. VV. von Otter och 1,. Palander. Svenska vet. akad. handl., Stockholm, viii,
1869, no. II, 28 p. l'etern>ann'.s Mittheil., Ciotha, xvi, 1870, 249-255.
Redogorelse for den svenska polar-ex|)editionen dr 1872-73. Bihang till k. svenska vet. akad. handlingar. Band 2,
no. 18. Stockholm, 1875. 8°. 132 p. pi. map.
(Little climate.)
Redogtirelse Tiir en expedition till mynningen af Jenissej oci. Sibirien 3r 1875. Bihang .... Band 4, no. i.
Stockholm, 1877. 8°. 114 p.
(Oliservatiuns on board the rrilieH, June-September, 1875,11. 93-105; OL?an temperature, p. 106-109.)
The Arctic voyages of -, 1858-1879. London, 1879. 8°. xiv, 447 p. 4 maps, il.
(.Much climate. Climate and diseases of Spitzbergen, p. 401-417.)
The Swedish northeast passage ex])edition. Nature, London, xxi, i879-'8o, 37-40, 57-58, 326-327.
Lettres de , racontant la decouverte du passage Nordest du pole nord, 1878-1879. Avec un preface par M.
Daubree. Paris, 1880. 16°. 276 p. map.
(Thickness of ice, p. 77 : general climate.)
Vegas fard kring Asien och Euro|)a, jemte en historisk Sterblick pi foregSende resor langs ganila verldens nordkust.
Stockholm [1880, 1S81 j. 2 v. 8°. xv, 510 p. 8 maps, il.; ix, 486 p. ■ "^aps, il. (Sig. S.) Same: Translated by Alex-
ander Leslie. New York, 1882. 1. 8°. xxvi, 756 p. 10 maps, il. .
(Climate and description of meteorolojjical phenomena, aurora, etc.)
Die wissenschaftlichen Ergebnisse der Vega-Expedition. Von Mitgliedern der Expedition und andern Forschern bear-
beitet. Herausg. von . Band i. Leipzig, 1883. xii, 730 p. 11 pi. il. (Sig.)
(xii. Ueber das Nordlicht, von A. E. Nordenskiold, p. 226-272. xv. Meteorologische lieobachtungen, reducirt von H. H. Ilildebrandsson,
380-480. xvii. Berichte, von A. E. Nordenskiiild, 601-730.)
& Theel, Hj. Redogiirelser fiir de svenska expeditionerna till mynningen af Jenisej, Sr 1876. Bihan;: ....
Band 4, no. 11. Stockholm, 1877. 81 p. 2 ch.
Nomiay, Norskc mekorologiske Iitstitut. Norsk meteorologisk Aarbog, i-vi, 1867-1873. Jahrbuch des norwegischen meteoro-
logischen Instituts, herausg. von H. Mohn, 1874-1885. Kristiania, 1868-1886. 18 v. obi. 4° and 1. 4°.
(Highest stations, Kistrand and Vardii.)
Pakhtoussoff, J. Observations meteoiologiques sur la c6te est de la Novaja Zemlia [Octobre 1832-aoiit 1835.] Ann.
mag. met., St.-Petersb., 1845 (1848), suppl., 2-43.
Parrv, W. E. Narrative of an attempt to reach the north pole in boats fitted for the purpose, and attached to H. M. S.
Hiclii, in the year 1827, under command of . London, 1828. 4°. xxii, 229 p. 3 ch. il.
(Abstract from meteorological journtil kept during the expedition, June 2S-August 10, 1827, and on board H. M. S. Hecla, May l-Sep-
tember 16, 1827, p. 151-162. Sea temperature, 185-186.)
Pavkr, Julius. New lands within the Arctic circle. Narrative of the discoveries of the Austrian ship Tegetthoff, in the years
1872-74. Translated from the German. London. 1876. 2 v. 8°. xxxi, 335 p. map, il.; xiv, 303 p. map, il.
(Much climate and discussion of meteorological phenomena. App. I, meteorological means, July, 1872-April, 1874, ii, p. 289-294.)
' 'J
TUK LADV FUANKLIN HAY KXl'KlilTlON.
471
■s for 1881-1884 Old
dlingar. Band 2,
Band 4, no. i.
n preface par M.
[ischen meteoro-
Petf.rmann, a. H. Per Oolfstrom und Staii(l|mnkl di-r tlRrinometrisi hen Koinitniss don Nord-Atlantischcn Oceans iind
Landgebictcs im Jahre 1870. I'l'tcrmaiiii's Mitthcil., Cioilia, 1K70, ji)i-i44, eh. 12-13.
IJchcr (lie 'l'um|)eratiirlk'i)l)a< litunj{cii aul S|)it/.l)c'rf4en iin Siiinmi.T 1X71. /citsi lir. Met., Wicn, vii, 1.S7J, 94-95.
Aufenthalt und Uchurwinferunn tier holliindisclien Kxpcdition untcr Heeinskerc k iiml Barents aiif d«r nonltistliclistcn
Klistc von Nowaja Scmija, 26 August, 1596-14 Juni, 1597. I'eterniann's Miiihcil., (lotlia, 1872, 177-189.
(Wind anil weather journal, |). 1S7-1S9.)
Phipps, v. J. A voyage towards the north pole, undertaken by His Majesty's lonnnand, 1773. London, 1774. 4°. viii,
aS3 p. 2 ch. il.
(Juurnal of the weather, app. p. 108-II8; meteorulii|;icnl jmirnnl, June 4 St'{iti'nil>er J5, 1777 (j olMervntionii daily}, p. Ij0-lj8(
sea temperatures, p. 141-I47.)
Rutsia, Admiiiistnition des minrs. Annuaire meteorologi<|ue et ina){netii|uc du < orps des iti(,'enii'urs des mines, 011 recueil
d'observations tneteoroiogicpies et tn ignt^'tiipies taites dans I'etendue de I'einpire de Kussic, et publiees .... par A.
T. Ku|)ffer, 1837-1846. St.-Petersbourg, 1839-1849. 10 v. 4°.
Continued as : Annales de i'()l)servatoire physiijue lentral de Russie, par .'\. T. KuptTer, 1847-1863; par L. F.
Kiiintz, 1864; par H. Wild, 1865-18O9. St.-1'etersbourg, 1850-1874. 23 v. 4".
Continued as: Annalen des physikalisthen I'entral-Oliservatoritiins, herausg. von H. Wild, 1870-1885. St.
Petersburg, 1872-1886. 16 v. 4°.
C'orrespondance nieteor()logi(|ue, publication triinestrielle de redigee par ,\. T. Ku|)rter. .Annee, 1850-
1864. St.-Petersbourg, 1851-1865. 15 nos. 4°. A/so in : Aiinal. obs. pliys. eetit., St. -Petersb., 1850-1864.
(These two pulilicatiuns contain observations at many statiini.s in north Russia and in the Aictie < )cean.)
Russisc/ie f;eo)::rap/iisi.he Gesellschaft, Expedition der . Iteobachtungen der russisclieii Polarstation an der I.enaniUndung,
ii. Theil. Meteorologische Beobachtungen bearbeitet von A. I'.igner. 1. I.ieferung. lieobat litungen voin Jahrc 1883-
1883, herausg. unter Redaction von R. Ltnz. [St. Petersburg,) 1886. 4°. xxvii, 157 p. 9 pi.
(Text in Russian and (Jerman.)
Beobachtungen der russischen Polarstation auf Nowaja Setnlja. ii. Theil. Meteorologische Beobachtungen bear-
beitet von K. Andrejelil", herausgegeben unter Redaction von R. I.enz. |St. Petersbuig.J 1886. xvii, 159 p. 15 pi.
Saint Pete IS liuri;;, Physikaliiches Central-Ohsen'atoriutn. Meteorologische Beobachtungen angestellt auf Schiffen der russischen
Flotte. Band i. St. Petersburg, 1883. 4°. xv, 215 p. ch. (Sig.)
(Journals no. 16, up to 71° 14' no. lat., p. 161-178, and no. 31, up to 71° 15' no. lat., p. 178-181, arc the most northerly.)
Annalen. See Russia, Administration des mines.
ScoRESBY, William. An account of the Arctic regions, with a history and description of the northern whale fishery. Fdinb.
1820. 3 v. 8°. XX, 551, 82; viii, 574 p. map, ch. pis.
(Much climate. I'olar ice, i, p. 225-322. Observations on the alniospholoyy of the Arctic re(;ions, particularly relating to Spit/.bergen
ond the adjacent Greenlaml sea, i, 323-445. Meteorological tables, i, app. 2-54, 78-Si; daily actual oliservations for summer
months in each year, i8o7-'l8, state of the wind and weather from August to May, at Jan Mayen, l(>.i3-'34. '^t'')
Snellen, Maurits. De nederlandsche pool-expeditie, 1882-83. Beschreven door , uitgegeven door de zorg van Luit.
B. J. G. Volck. Utrecht, i886. 4°. xii, 164 p. il.
(Much descriptive meteorology.)
Sporer, J. Nowaja Semlii in geographischer, naturhistorischer und volkswirthschaftliciicr Beziehung. (Erganzungsheft No.
21 zu Petermann's Mittheilungen.) Gotha, 1867. 4°. vii, 112 p. 2 ch.
(Klima, 61-73.) ,
Steen, A. S. Ein Beitrag zur Climatologie Novaja Semljas. Christiania, 1878. 4°. 18 p. Repr. from: Norway, Norske
Met. Inst., Jahrbuch, 1876. (Sig.)
(Observations, i876-'77.)
SvENSKE, K. [Nova Zembla. St. Petersburg, 1866.] 4°.
(In Russian. Climate, p. 71-86. Oriijinal not seen. Cited by Wild.)
Sweden, Exploration Internationale des regions polaires, 1882-1883. Observations faites au Cap Thordsen, Spitzberg, par
I'expedition suedoise, publiees par I'Academii.- royale des sciences de Suede. Tome ii: i. Aurores boreales par Carlheim-
Gyllenskiold. Stockholm, 1886. 4°. 409 p. 30 pi.
Meteorologiska central-anstalten. Meteorologiska iakttagelser i Sverige. Observations meteortlogiques suiidoises.
i-xxiii, 1859-1881. Stockholm, 1860-1886. 23 v. obi. 8° and 4°.
(Highest station, Karesuando.)
V'\\
m
■i
■I'
i.Mi,
!'l:
■ ml
'■ !'
W- '-J
;• ;• ^-
^
. 1 1 '
i
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i
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472
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXl'EDITIJN.
Tables of summer temperainres ohserveil in Spitzberf^en. Edinb. Phil. Journ., xii, 1825, 232-233.
Tromholt, Sophus. Under the rays of the aurora borealis; in the land of the Lapps and Kvaens. Original edition, edited
by Carl Siewers. Boston, 1885. 2 v. 8°. xv, 228 p. map; x, 30C p.
(Climate in text; on the aurora borealis, i, p. 192-288.)
United States, Hydrogiaphic Office. Mydrographic notice. No. 6 [and] 6a [of 1879. Letters and reports from the Vega expe-
dition.] No. 82 of 1881. [Extract from report of Commodore Wadleigh, U. S. S. Alliance, i88i, in search of yean-
nette. No. 84 of 1881. [Extract from report of Lieut. Berry, U. S. S. Rodgers, 1881, in search of yeannette. Wash-
ington, 1879, 1881.] 4 papers, sm. 8° 13 p. map; 14 p. map; 11 p. 2 ch.; 4 p. fold, table,
(Ice, currents, wiiuls, and meteorological ooscrvations.)
Navy Department. Proceedings of a court of inquiry convened at the Navy Department, Washington, D. C, Octo-
ber 5, 1882, to investigate the circumstances of ihe loss in the Arctic seas of the exploring steamer yeannette, etc. Wash-
ington, 1883. 8°, iii, 363 p. II chs. 4 pi.
Wells, J. C. Observations on the temperature of the Arctic sea in the neighborhood of Spitzbergen. Proc. Roy. Soc, Lon-
don, xxi, 1873, 91-97; Naturforscher, Berlin, vi, 1873, 153-154.
The gateway to the Polynia; a voyage to Spitzbergen, from the journal of . London, 1873. ix, 355 p. map, il.
(Climate, p. 32-43.)
Wesselovskv, C. S. [Chmate of Russia. St. Petersburg, 1857. | 2 v, 4°. 408 ; 326 p.
(In Russian, Not seen; cited by Wild for many northern stations.)
Wevprechi', K.arl. Die Nordlichtbeobachtungen der osterreichisch-ungarischen arctischen Expedition, 1872-1874. Wien,
1878. 4°. 64 p. Repr. from: Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, xxxv.
WijKANDER, E. A. G. A. lakttagelser ofver luftelektriciteten under den svenska polarexpeditionen i872-'73. Ofversigt
vet. akad., Stockholm, xxxi, 1874 (no. 6), 31-40; Archives sci. phys. nat., Geneve, li, 1874, 31-42.
Observations meteorologiques de I'expedition arctique suedoise i872-'73, redg6es par
Svenska vet. akad.
handl., Stockholm, xii, 1875, no. 7. 120 p.
Bidrag till kannedom om vindfor hallandena i de Spetsbergens onigifande delarne af norra ishafvet. Ofversigt vet.
akad., xxxii, 1875, 15-29; Zeitschr. Met., Wien, xi, 18/6, 145-149; Petennann's Mittheil,, Gotha, 1876, 295-297.
Wild, H. Die Teniperatiir-Verhilltnisse des russischen Reichs. Text, Tabellen, Anhang, Atlas. St. Petersb., 1881. 3 pts.
4^ Atlas. 1. P.
(Includes islands and sea north of Russia.)
WoEiKOF, A. L On the climates of the ocean northeast of European Russia. Izvestia Russk. geog. obsht., St. Petersb., vi,
1870, 1J4-169
Meteorology in Russia. Report Smithson. Inst., Washington, 1872, 267-298.
(Up to parallel of 70° north.)
Wohlgemuth, Emil von. Bericht des Leiters der osterreichischen arktischen Beobachtungs-Station auf Jan Mayen. Pola,
:«83. 8°, 23 p. (Extr.) Zeitschr. Met., Wien, xviii, 1883, 441-447. (Sig. G.)
Wrangell, Ferdinand von. Physikalische Beobachtungen wahrend seiner Reisen auf dem Eismeere in den Jahren 1821-
1823. Berlin, 1827. 8°.
^Observations at Ust-Jansk and other points. Original not seen ; cited by Wild.)
Reise liings der Nordkiiste von Sibirien und auf dem Eismeere, 1820-1824. Berlin, 1839. 2 v.
(Observations at Nijne-Kolymsk, 1820-1823, and other points. Original not seen ; cited by Wild.)
Narrative of an expedition to the Polar sea, in the years 1820, 1821, 1822, and 1823, commanded by . Edited by
Maj. Edward Sabine. London, 1840. 8°. cxxxvii, 413 p. map.
(Climate in te.\t. Valuable teinperature observations.)
Wullerstorf-Urbair, B. von. Die meteorologischen Beobachtungen und die Analyse des Schiffscurses wahrend der Polar-
expedition unter Weyprecht und Payer, 1872-1874. Wien, 1875. 4° 292p.pl. Repr. from: Denkschr. Akad. Wiss.,
Wien, xxxv. (Extr.) Petermann's Mittheil,, Gotha, 1875, 222-228.
, Die meteorologischen Beobachtungen am Bord des Polarschiflfes Tegett/ioff, unter Carl Weyprecht, in den Jahren 1872-
'74. Wien, 1882. 4°. 146 p. 3 ch. Repr. from: Denkschr. Akad. Wiss., Wien, xliii. (Extr.) Zeitschr. Met. Wien,
xviii, 1883, 193-199.
THK LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
473
;inal edition, edited
APPENDIX.
:. Roy. Soc, Lon-
«» 355 P- map, il.
, St. Petersb., vi.
[Note. — The following list includes some descriptive works and authorities on Arctic zoology, that have been of especial service. In addition
to the citations below, many works included in the foregoing lists on meteorology contain natural history.]
Barrow, J. A chronological history of voyages into the Arctic regions. London, 1818. 8°.
Bell, B. Lieut. John Irving, R. N., o*" H. M. S. Terror, in Sir John Franklin's last expedition to the Arctic regions.
Edinburgh, 1881. 12°. (G.)
Blake, E. V. Arctic expciences. New York, 1S74. 1. 8°.
Bradford, W. Life and scenery in the far north. Bull. Amer. Geog. Soc, New York, 1885, no. 2, 79-124.
Danenhower, J. W. Report, in connecticii with the ^a««?//^ expedition. Washington, 1882. 8°. pamph.
De Costa, B. F. Inventio fortunata. Arctic exploration, with an account of Nicholas of Lynn. New York, 188 1. 8°. From:
Bull. Amer. Geog. Soc, New York, 1881.
Diamilla-Muller, D. E. II polo artico. In his.- Letture scientifiche. i. Milano, Parigi, 1873. 12°. p. 199-228, ch.
Force, P. Grinneli Land. Remarks on the English maps of Arctic discoveries, in 1850 and 1851. [Washington, 1852.]
8°. 23 p. (G.)
Supplement to "Grinneli Land." Washington, 1853. 8°. 52 p. map. (G.)
Gilder, W. H. Schwatka's search; sledging in the Arctic in quest of the Franklin records. New York, 1881. 8".
Hendrik, Hans. Memoirs of , the Arctic traveler, serving under Kane, Hayes, Hall, and Nares, 1853-1876.
London, 1878. 12°.
Lamont, J. Seasons with the sea-horses; or sporting adventures in the northern seas. London, 1861. 8°.
Yachting in the Arctic seas, or notes of five voyages of sport and discovery in the neighborhood of Spitzbergen and
Nowaya Zemlya. London, 1876. 1. 8°.
Lanman, C. Farthest north; or the life and explorations of Lieut. J. B. Lockwood. New York, 1885. 12°.
MacGahan, J. A. Under the northern lights. London, 1876. 8°.
Markham, A. H. Northward Ho! London, 1879. 12".
Melville, G. W. Report, in connection with the yeannette expedition. Washington, 1882. i". pamph.
Newcomb, R. L. Our lost explorers. The narrative of the yeannette Arctic expedition. Hartford. Conn., San Francisco,
1882. 8°.
Nourse, J. E. American explorations in the ice zones. Boston [1884]. 1. 8°.
OsBORN, Sherard. Stray leaves from an Arctic journal, or eighteen months in the Polar regions, 1850-1851. London,
New York, 1852. sm. 8°.
Rink, H. Dialectes de .a langue Esquimaude. ///.• Compte-rendu Congr^s international des Americanistes. Copenhague,
1883. 8°. p. 328-337.
Rosse, I. C. The first landing on Wrangel Island, with some remarks on the northern inhabitants. New York, 1883. 8*.
From: Bull. Amer. Geog. Soc, New York, 1883, no. 3, 163-214.
Sargent, E. Arctic adventure by sea and land, from the earliest date to the last expeditions in search of Sir John Franklin.
Boston, 1857. 8°.
ScHLEV, W. S., & SoLEv, J. R. The rescue of Greely. New York, 1885. sm. 8°.
Seebohm, H. Siberia in Europe; a visit to the valley of the Petchora, in northeast Russia; with descriptions of the natural
history, migrations of birds, etc. London, 1880. 8°.
Siberia in A.sia; a visit to the valley of the Yenesay in east Siberia. With description of the natural history, migra-
tion of birds, etc. London, 1882. 8°.
Shillinglaw, J. J. A narrative of Arctic discovery, from the earliest period to the present time. London, 1850. sm. 8°.
Smucker, S. M. Arctic explorations and discoveries during the Nineteenth Century. New York, 1857. 12°.
Snklling, W. J. The polar regions of the western continent explored. Boston, 1831. 8°'
I ;:
! \\\\\\\
474
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
11
i
K
(,, :{■
I ' !■■
SoNNTAG, A. Nanative of the Grinnell exploring exp'^dition to the Arctic Ocean in search of Sir John Franklin, 1853-1855.
[Philadelphia,] 1857. 8".
ToLLBNS, Hendrik. The Hollanders in Nova Zembla [1596-1597]. An Arctic poem, translated from the Dutch by Daniel
van Pelt. New York, 1884. 12°.
fj'nited States, Navy Department, Greely relief expedition. Reception of Lieut. A. W. Greely and his comrades, and of the
Arctic relief expedition, at Portsmouth, N. H., on August i and 4, 1884. Account prepared by Rev. W, A. McGinley.
Washington, 1884. 12°.
White, A. A collection of documents on Spitzbergen and Greenland, comprising a translation of F. Marten's voyage to
Spitzbergfn, etc. Kdited by . London, Hakluyt Society, 1855. 8°,
Whvmper, )'. Heroes of the Arctic and their adventures, London, 1875. 8°.
Young, Alt.en. The two voyages of the Pandora in 1875 and 1876. London, 1879, 1. 8°.
Baird, S, F. Catalogue of North American birds. Washington, 1858. 4°. Smithson. Misc. Coll., ii.
Catalogue of North American mammals. Washington, 1857. 4°.
Review of American birds. Part i. Washington, 1864-1872. 8°. Smithson. Misc. Coll., xii.
Brkhm, a. E. Thierleben. Allgemeine Kunde des Thierreichs. Zweite Abtheilung. Vogel. Band i-iii. Leipzig, 1878-
i?.79. 3 V. 4°.
Feili EN, H. W. (Various papers on Arctic mammalia and birds.) In: Zoologist, London, i-iii, 1877-1879 ; Proc. Zool. Soc,
?^ondon, 1877 ; Ibis, London, 1877.
KuMLiEN, L. C^ontributions to the natural history of Arctic America, made in connection with the Howgate polar expedi-
tion, i877-'78. Bulletin of the U. S. National Museum, no. 15. Washington, 1879. 8". Smithson. Misc. Coll., xxiii.
Richarlsson, J. Fauna boreali-americana, or the zoology of the northern parts of British America. London, 1829-37.
4V. ^\
RiDGWAv, R. A catalogue of the birds of North America. Proc. Nat. Museum, Washington, iii, 1880, 163-246; Smithson.
Misc. Coll., xxii, 1883.
II;
U' ', '
^^l!!i
I a«liiii|MI|n
ranklin, 1853-1855.
le Dutch by Daniel
)mrades, and of the
• W. A. McGinley.
larten's voyage to
Leipzig, 1878-
Proc. Zool. Soc,
te polar expedi-
^I'sc. Coll., xxiii.
ndon, i829-'37.
■246; Smithson,
CONTRIBUTIONS TO TERRESTRIAL MAGNETISM,
475
i!(f
-1
m
11^
f'ii
fi'
I
MAGNETIC REDUCTIONS BY THE U. S. COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY.
Appendix No. 139.
i
■M
Computing Division, Coast and Geodetic Survey Office,
November 6, 1886.
Mr. F. M. Thorn, Superintendent Coast and Geodetic Survey :
Dear Sir: I have the honor to submit herewith a MS. copy of the record, computation, and discussion of the magnetic
observations made by the International Polar Expedition in command of Lieut. A. W. Greely, i88i-'84.
The preparation of this paper involved very considerable labor and occupied all the time I could spare from my ordinary
official duties during five months; in this work I was ably assisted by Mr. Alexander Ziwet, and other members of the Com-
puting Division have occa.sionally lent some aid.
Yours respectfully,
C. A. SCHOTT,
Assistant, Coatt and Geodetic Survey,
I ■
lilii :
I
I
I i
CONTENTS.
Page.
Introduction 479
Observations for local time at Fort Conger, Grinnell Land . . . 483
Observations and result f(ir latitude of Fort Conger 486
Observations for azimuth of magnetic mark 489
Determination of longitude of Fort Conger — by chronometers . . 492
Determination of longitude of Fort Conger — by moon-culminations 495
Determination of longitude of Foit Conger — by occultations, , . . 502
Determination of longitude of Fort Conger — by lunar distances . 503
Resulting longitude of Fort Conger 504
Observations and results of the magnetic declination, September,
1881, to August, 1882 508
Solar-diurnal variation from first year's series 510
Observations and results of hourly series of declinations, July, 1882,
to August, 1883 511
Recognition and analysis of the disturbances in declination . . . 539
Solar-diurnal variation of the declination derived from the hourly
series of the second year 552
Discussion of the larger disturbances in declination 355
Page.
Term-day observations of the declination 561
Term-hour observations of the declination 575
Special term observations 581
Measure of the horizontal component of the magnetic force . . . 586
Observations of deflections 590
Observations of oscillations 598
Results for horizontal intensity 610
Observations of the magnetic dip 611
Hourly series of the dip, October, 1882, to June, 1883 614
Results for dip, vertical and total intensity • . . . . 628
Record and description of auroral displays 628
Collection of magnetic declinations observed during geographical
explorations 629
General collection of magnetic observations in the region of ap-
proaches to and north of Smith Sound 630
Declination of the magnetic needle at Fort Conger, September 17,
1 88 1, to June 22, 1882 634
477
i. :l
II' hi
v\l
t
TERRHSTRIAL MAGNETISM.
REPORT ON THK RHCORD WITH COMPUTATION AM) RI-SUIJS OF THE MAGNETIC OBSERVATIONS
MADl- BY THE ILXPEDITION TO LADY FRANKLIN BAY. 1881-1884.
By Charles A. Sciiott, Assistant, U. S, Const and Gcoiictic Survey.
Introduction. — The expedition sent to Lady Franklin Bay, Grinnell Land, in 1881, was one of two expeditions fitted out
by the United States Government to co operate with and perforin part of the work proposed by the International Polar
Commission at its second session, at Bern, Switzerland, in 1880, Dr. H. Wild, president. The special object of the com-
mission was to advance our knowledge of terrestrial physics and geography in the polar regions by concerted and sustained
action of a series of expeditions supported by their respective (lovernments. By invitation of its president and the recom-
mendation and support of the Chief Signal Officer the proposal was accepted, inasmuch as Congress had already authorized in
1880 a scientific expedition to Lady Franklin Bay, and had reaffirmed the same in the spring of 1881 by voting the necessary
appropriation for independent polar research. Thus the circumstances w';re very favorable at the time of Dr. Wild's invitation
to take part in the international work, and it was resolved by the Chief Signal Officer, General W. B. Hazen, who, under the
auspices of the War Department had been placed in charge of fitting out the expedition, to afford all possible aid to it by
co-operation as far as practicable. Lady Franklin Bay, the locality proposed, was approved by him as the objective point, and
was the most northern of the thirteen international stations taking part in the work. The other American station. Point Barrow,
Alaska,* is distant from it 20° 38', or 1 238 nautical miles, as measured on a great circle, and located on the opposite side of
the north magnetic pole. The station selected derives some further importance from the fact of its position in a latitude to
the north of that of the magnetic pole.
While thus the history of the inception of the eastern expedition is different from that of the western, the assistance of
the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey was solicited equally for them, and such aid was rendered in the field of terrestrial
magnetism, in tidal work, and in gravitational research 3 could be given in the short time intervening between the reso-
lution of acceptance and the starting of the expeditions. This co-operation on the part of the Survey with the Signal Corps
with reference to the supply of suitable instruments and the training of observers, which latter were provided by the Signal
Office, is more fully. explained in the introduction to the magnetic work at Point Barrow, vide Part VI of the official report
already cited, and needs, therefore, no repetition here. This report also contains a copy of the instructions issued to both
parties. As in the case of the Point Barrow record, the magnetic work returned by the Lady Franklin Bay party was entrusted
to me by the Superintendent of the Survey for computation and discussion.
The circumstance that the American expediuons were at their respective stations a year earlier than the time when all the
international stations finally co-operated in their fullest measure was due to the unavoidable delay on the part of other exjjeditions
and subsequent postponement of the concerted field-work by the commission, in order that more time might be given to the
instrumental outfit and better organization of the various parties. The same difficulty was experienced here, and this early
start precluded the procuring of differential magnetic instruments for our parties, as well as the acquisition of the needed expe-
rience in the manipulation of the instruments. -
*A first account of the magnetic work at Uglaamie Station, Point Barrow, by the writer, is published in the "Report of the International Polar
Expedition to Point Barrow, Alaska, Lieut. P. H. Ray, commanding," Washington, 1885, Part VI, pp. 443-672.
i
1' ■
;i! I
480
THK LADY FUANKLIX ]IAV EXI'KDITION.
l!;i ''
*1
li. 1:1
:,
iii'iii
t
1,
;
f , r ■ . ' ■
1
hS ^
1
ill
mi
Unlike Point Barrow, the I.ady Franklin liay station unfortunately could nut sul)se(iuently be reached by a relief party,
two such eflbrts, one in i8Hj and ihi; other in 1883, f^ilint; entirely, while the last, in the early jjart of the summer of 1884,
succeeded in rescuing the survivors, who had, in accordance with instructions governing the actual circumstances, retreated in
the preceding autunni from Fort Conger, their quarters at I.ady Franklin Hay, to Camp Clay, near Cajje Sabine, Smith Sounil.
Among those unfortunate men who laid down their lives in pursuit of knowledge, and while in the [)erformance of their
official duty, was Sergt. Fdward Israel, of tiie I'. S. Signal Ci>rps, the astronomer and niagnetist of the exi)edition. The
records of his observations, brought home, were close transcripts mac!; at Fort Conger, since the original notebooks, in
consequence of their weight anil bulk, had to be left behind. However, all records on hand are authenticated as to correct-
ness by the signature of Lieutenant (Ireely, the couunanding officer.
Sergeant Israel received jjractical instruction in tiie use of instruments and in computations during |)art of May and June,
1881, making his last records at Washington, June 18. Soon afterward.t he left to join his jiarty at St. John's, Newfounilland.
As already stated, a set of magnetic instrunients for absolute measures only could be secured, the two niagnetographs of the
Coast and Geodetic Survey, applying photographic register, being unavailable and otherwiso unsuitable for the purpose. A
new magnetometer (No. 12) made by Fauth & Co,, of Washington, and a Kew dip circle by Casella (No. 19) were all the
magnetic instruments furnished. Uoth instruments were left behind at Fort Conger in 1883, but the two magnets of the
magnetometer and two of the dipping needles, Xos. 2 and 4 (perforated), were brought back to Washington. The magnet-
ometer with theodolite (or alt-azimuth instrument) is of the pattern described in Ai)pendix No. 8 (and figured on ])late 36),
Coast and Ceodetic Survey report for 1881. .The dip circle was of the kind shown on plate 37 of the same report.
The following communication from Lieutenant (Jreely to the Superintendent of the Survey will be found to contain all
needful information respecting the magnetic work done at Fort Conger ;
Signal Office, War Department,
IVas/iingtoii, D. C, April 20, 1886.
To the Supcrinkndenl of till' U. S. Coast ami Geodetic Survey, Wasliiir^toii, D.C:
Sir: In connection with the magnetic work of the Lady Franklin Bay Fxpedition, I have the honor to furnish the fol-
lowing information :
The expedition was furnished with a magnetometer (No. 12), made by Fauth & Co., of Washington, D. C, with which all
observations for declination were made, as well as those for horizontal intensity.
The dip observations were made with a K.ew dip circle, by Cassella (No. 19), belonging to the U. S. Coast and Geodetic
Survey. • • • Its standards were perpendicular, and, as the dij) at Fort Conger amounts to 85°, it was possible to read
but one end (the upper) of the needle. Owing to the bad oriler of the instrument it was impossible to obtain satisfactory
readings from a loaded needle. In consequence, readings were made from the only end of the needle which could be observed.
• •••«••••
The magnetic observatory at Fort Conger was situated about 150 ya;ds [137'"] northeast (true) of the main house.
• • • The observatory was constructed about 7 by i 2 feet [2.13 by 3.65'"] in the clear, antl was entirely of wood, being
fastened together by pegs. The only metal in the building consisted of a few copper nails, used in securing the leathern hinges
of the door and in a few other places.
During the second year, July i, 1882, to July 31, 1883, a small tire-place was constructed at the north end of the building,
in connection with which a large piece of copper was used. The fuel was part of the time wood and part of the time Cape
Breton bituminous coal. When coal was used the main sujjply was ke|)t outside the building, and only such an amount as
was used upon the fire was at any time within it. This precaution was observed as 1 was unaware whether the coal contained
any substance which might interfere with the reading of the magnetometer.
The magnetic observatory was erected with its greatest length in the astronomical meridian. The entrance door was in
the south end, and opened into a passage through which the mark could be read. The mark itself was a 2 by 4 inch scantling,
the narrow or 2-inch edge to the north (true), sunk 2 feet into the ground, and secured with earth and stones, so as to
render its position fixed and certain. It was distant about 300 yards [274'"] from and directly south of the magnetometer.
During eight months of the year it was sufficiently light for the observer to read the mark without artificial means. During
the four remaining months a bull's-eye lantern was used, being placed on the top of the scantling. It is not probable that an
error of over an inch occurred in the position of the light at any time.
The mark was read daily, except during certain prolonged jjcriods of excessive cold, when it was read upon alternate days.
On term days, however, the mark was read before and after the observation for that day.
The dip circle was mounted in the northwest corner of the building on a wooden pier made of scantling, which was sunk
a couple of feet into the ground and strongly secured.
The magnetometer was mounted on its tripoil a little south of the center of tiie building. It was impracticable, without
great labor, to have constructed a stone or brick pier, as the freezing weather commenced even before the party landed at Fort
MM
THE LADY I'UANKLLN HAY EXriOUlTION.
481
could be observed.
Conger. The tripod was sunk, liowever, into tlie frozen ground, and its legs were so braced tliat its solidity appeared satis-
factory both to Sergeant Israel, my astrimoiner, an<l to myself. In order to avoid any ilisi)la( enient through the carelessness
or inadvertence of the observer by touching the legs, a number o*" guarcls, ti> a height of d inc lies or more, were placed around
and a short distance from eai h leg of the tripod, which efi'et tually jirotec led it from nnshaps.
Hourly observations were made with the magnetometer during the term or selected <lays from Sei)tember, iSSi, to Ji.ne
30, 1882. The observations weru reduced by Sergeant Israel, the astronomer of tiie expedition, anil a copy of them has been
sent to your oflice.
It may here be noted that the magnetic observations were made on (iiittingen mean time, whidi needs a correction of five
hours and forty-eight minutes to reduce it to Washington mean time, which was used for other observations, and of four hours
ar.d fifty-nine minutes to local mean time.
From July i, 1882, until July 31, 1883, the instructions as tc; declination observations were carefully and fully carried out.
Observations for horizontal intensity were possible only on special occasions, owing to the lack of an extra instrument for that
purpose and the necessity of using the magnetometer in regular use for declination work.
The dip observations were made with greater freipiency and regularity than the character ol the instrument justified, but
I preferred that much useless work should be done in that direction rather than that any complaint should be possible as to
omissions on niy i)art.
Fully nine-tenths of the observations for declination and inc lination were niaile by the aid ol artificial light, derived from
a small copper lamp made by the tinsmith of the expedition.
The torsion was removed from the silk thread which suspended the magnet whenever the mark was reati, and at such
other times as were necessary from breakage, «.S:c. At no time was the torsion of tlie thread allowed to accumulate lor a longer
perioil than a single day.
The accuracy of the time used in connection with the magnetic work depended on astronomical observations made by
Sergeant Israel, the greater part ol whicii were made with a transit instrument kindly K/med by die I'. S. Coast and (leodetic
Survey. The observations for time were invariably registered by means of an electric circuit, on a chronograph sheet. On
one or two occasions a small chronometer was taken to the magnetic observatory, but generally the observer depended on the
accuracy of watches, the rate of which had been determined by the astronomer.
The retreat of the party by boat necessitated the abandoning of the original recortls, whicii were made in jiencil in a book
which was never taken from the observatory excejit for the purpose of making the copies which are now on file in your office.
The necessity of reducing tlu bulk and weight of observations to a minimum obliged mc to reduce the original readings, which
showed the extreme oscillations from left to right, to a mean point on the scale.
It is proper to state that the accuracy of the copy rested not simjily on the correctness of the copyist, but that in every
case the copyist subseijuently read his work over while I calculated and checked the means after him. In consequence, only
such errors can exist as are inseparable from that method.
Occasional breaks will be found in the record for w)iich no explanations are given; sometimes from tardiness the observer
occasionally missed a reading at fifty-eight minutes, but most omissions may be ascribed to the fact that the needle was off the
scale and the observer was unable to adjust it until the fifty-eighth minute had passed. The reading at the third minute is
occasionally wanting, owing to the fact that the needle had passed off the scale.
To augment the value of the observations and give negative information regarding the missing observations, stringent
orders were issued directing the observer to fill in the blank with a note stating the cause of the observation being missed.
When the needle was off the scale at the third minuie the observer was directed to continue the observations until he had
obtained five successive readings on the scale at intervals of one minute.
A large number of suiiplementary readings were made whenever the prevalence of auroras or the rapid fluctuations of the
needle caused me to believe tiiat these extra readings would be valuable.
The temperature of the observatory during the first winter was frequently from 15 to 30 degrees below zero F. [ — 26° to
—34° C], and for most months was below the freezing point V. [0.0° C ]. During the second winter the temperature was gen-
erally from zero to minus 15 degrees F. [—17.8° to —26° C.|, except on term days, when, owing to the influence of the fire, it
ranged from 10 to 30 degrees V. above zero [ — 12° to —1° C'.J.
It became necessary for me to abandon the magnetometer and dip circle, but I brought back two magnets used in the
magnetometer, also two of the dip needles, marked 2 and 4, the first perforated wiili 3 the other with 1 hole near each pole
for insertion of weights ; one set having been carried by Sergeant Israel and the other by myself.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. W. Greelv,
First Lieutenant, Fifth Cavalry, A. S. 0., and Assistant.
H. Mis. 3i)3, pt 2 — 31
lil
m
1 11 ■
f
III
mm
Rr.CORD AND RliSl'LTS OP TIIH ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS FOR THE DHTHRMINATION OF
LOCAL TIME, L ATITIDE, LONC.ITUDl'. AND AZIMUTH OF A MARK,
tti
! 'i
i.
The instruments provided for the iletcrmin.ition of the time, the geographical position, and the azimuth of the mark, used
in connection with the dcilinomcter, were a i)ortabie transit known as the " Perry Transit," lent by the Coast and (loodetic
Survey, two small theodolites, and a number of sextants and chronometers.
The Perry transit, whic h was used in connection with moon culminations, and for furnishing the times for the pendulum or
gravimetric work, was known as Coast Survey No. 1 1 ; it was of 83 centimeters (32 inches) focal length and had an aperture
of 64 millimeters (j'j inihes); it had a large pivot inei|uality, as shown by the measures taken at Fort Conger, The value ol
one division of its spirit level was 1.6". 'J'his instrument was abandoned at the station on the retreat of the party. ( )ne of the
theodolites formed part of the magnetometer and was known as alt-a/imuth No. 12, this being the number of the magnetic in-
strument. Its horizontal circle was 9 centimeters in diameter, was divitled to half degrees, increasing number denoting
increasing azimuth, and could be read to tiie n!'..iest minute of arc by means of two ojjposite verniers. Its vertical circle was
7 centimeters in diameter and divided and lead off to the nearest minute as the azimuth circle, the graduation exteniling from
0' to 360" in the direction of the motion sf the hands of a watch. The other theotlolite was known as the topographical
theodolite No. 4950; its horizontal circle admits of tenths of minutes to be read off by its two verniers — it liad no vertical
circle. .Sextants were used in measuring altitudes and lunar distances; the number of the instrument and record of index
error are given with each set of observations. The principal chronometers were: IJond & Sons No. 198 (sidereal chronom-
eter); Tobias & Leavitt No. 124 (mean time chronometer), and siilereal chronometers Frodsham No. 2490 (a break-circuit
chronometer lent by the Coast and Ceodetic Survey), and Hutton No. 310. There were also sidereal chronometers No.
1425 and No. 525 and mean-time chronometer No. 10046. A hack watch was occasionally used.
The chronometers at the station were kept in a place as nearly as possible of uniform tem])erature by the ajjplication of
artificial heat, A series of coni[)arisons of chronometers was kept up daily or at irregular intervals of a few days, as circum-
stances demanded, between July 15, 18S1, and July 2j, 1883. The chronometers compared were No. 124 with Nos. 2490,
310, 198, 1425, and 525 (the last discontinued August 15, 1881; 1425 was discontinued November 10, 1882). These
comparisons were made about midnight* anil the record is accompanied by all needful statements respecting occasional stop-
pages or other changes in the state of the chronometers. On July 15, 1881, the jyotnis was at Godhavn, (Ireenland, anil on
August 15 at Discovery Harbor; between these dates tlie comparisons were made on board ship. On August 19, 1881, the
regular observations on land were commenced. July 7, 1881, when leaving St. John's, Newfoundland, the six chronometers
had been regulated to Crecnwich time.
The reductions which follow each recoiil of observations were made in accordance with Chauvenet's Manual of Spherical
and Practical Astronomy (Philadelpli a, 1863, two volumes), and his notation has been adopted. In order to make any fur-
ther explanation unnecessary I have added in eacli case the reference to the method followed.
In tlie computation, the data of the American l'",phemeris and Nautical Almanac have been adopted; only leading inter-
mediate \ alucs are given, and all mere logarithmic work has been suppressed.
The transit instrument was carefully mounted- in the astronomical observatory on a brick pier built with Portland cement.
This observatory was about a hundred yards [91'"] due East (true) of the house and about a hundred and fifty yards [137"']
to the southwest of the magnetic observatory.
The geographical positifin of Fort Conger has been preliminarily adopted as in latitude 81° 44' and in longitude 64°
45', or 4'' 19'" west of (Ireenwiih.
'J'he records and computations made at Fort Conger by Sergeant Israel bear witness to his carefulness and conscientious
I)erformance of his duty.
* It ilocs not aiii)car that any of the chronometers had iln face divideil to 24 hours ; the (loul)le 1 2-hour division is alw.nys productive of annoyance,
ani the! discrimination called for extra labor on the part of the computer. Tliere was also occasionally a difficulty experienced in deciding whether
a dale referred to civil or to astronomical reckoning.
TUK LADY FUANKLIN UAY KXI'EDITION.
483
•RMINATION OF
th of the mark, used
Coast iinil Cieodetic
for the pendulum or
and liad an aperture
nger. The vahie ol
.' party. ( )ne of the
•of the magnetic in-
g number denoting
i vertical circle was
tion extending from
s the topographical
— it had no vertical
and record of index
(sidereal chrononi-
.90 (a break- circuit
chronometers No.
[anual of Spherical
to make any fur-
only leading inter-
Portland t ement.
fifty yards [137'"]
in longitude 64°
md conscientious
luctive of annoyance,
in deciding whether
GF.OGRAIMIICAL POSITION OF FORT CONGKR.
Ofisrnuitions for time at Fort Coiif^ii; Giiiinell Laud,
[l. Oliservation.s for lime, May 10, 1S1S3, I". Israel, olisrrvcr. I'.iiual alliludi's of the mmi with sextant No. 7 and
hid. chroMointlcr No. 198, compared willi m. t. chronometer No. 124.]
Cover.
D
K
Sun.
0
0
Chronometer time.
A. M.
h.
9
m.
12
>3
«4
16
'7
18
s.
00. 5
02.0
•2-3
«2 3
19.-
24.1
3 at
■E
37°
OS'
10
n
36
20
as i
30 1
Chronometer lime.
V. M.
'II.
J.
29
07.
8
2,S
05
0
2(>
.S2
0
24
5-'
5
23
4"
2
22
38
9
Chronometer comparikon :
//. Ill, s.
No. 198 2 52 46
Nu. 124 II 10 44
Index correction: On arc. OlTarc.
A. M. -26' 10" 37' 10"
P. M. —27 00 35 50
A. M,
Ilarometer, 30'37 '"•
Thermometer, +8.1° Fah.
I'. M.
30-35 '"
+ 17.8° I'ah.
/;. III. s.
Reductivjn;* 0 a.m. Clironomctcr lime 9 15 11.8
© 1'. M. Cliroiiomutei time 8 25 53.7
Middle chronometer time (No. 198)
Diflerence of chronometers
Middle chronometer time 7'„ by No. 124
J y;, = <j + /<
J' -Jo
Chronometer time of apparent noon
Ktiuation of time
Chronometer time of mean noon 2J 10 35. 2
Chronometer No. 124 slow of mean lime 49 24. S or J /'(No. 124) -t 49"' 24.8" at noon.
At time of comparison, or 3'' 12"'.6 sid. time, J /'(No. I98) — + 19'" SI-7'
2 so
8 17
j2-7S
58-35
23 08
31 >
40.8
I.O
23 06
+ 3
49-3
45-9
(Jr.. f 17" 39' 02"
[2. Observations for time, August 6 (Aii^;usl 5, aslrononiical reckonini;), 1883, I-^. Israel, obsciver. Double
altitudes of tlie sun \\ itii sextant No. 1475 and sid. elironomcler No. lyS, with comparisons of sid. chro-
nometers Nos. 2490, 310, and 198, and m. I. chronometer No. 124.]
Cover.
Sun.
Chronometer time.
2 alt. 0
Chronometer comi)arisons :
/;. /;;. s. h. in.
s.
h. m. s.
No. 19S, 2 51 02.5. No. 124, II IS
07 at night
D
0
3 04 04. 8
34"
55'
No. 124, 5 ?l 08.0. No. 2490, 6 SI
44
OS "3-4
35
00
At night:
06 27. s
05
No. 198, 8 46 07 No. 124, II 12
02
07 34-7
10
No. 124, II 13 14 No. 130, 14 22
43
08 47. 1
15
Index correction: On arc. OtTarc.
R
0
3 'O 43-8
II 53-6
"2 58.3
14 09.7
15 173
34
20
25
30
35
40
-27' 20" +36' 00"
-27 IS +35 55
Barometer, 29. S7 in.
Thermometer, 34.9° I"ah.
3S° OS' 00" Observed 2 034° 30' 00"
Reduction ;t Observed 2
Q
Index correct
ion
-|- 4 20 + 4 20
Apr,, rent alliUide
17 34 40 17 17 10
Kefriiction— parallax
— 2 57 — 3 ro
Se
ni-diameter
— 15 49 + 15 49
h 17 IS 54
/(. III. s.
Mean chronometer time IS 06 2S.5
Difference of chronometers Nos. 198 and 124 2 30 03.0
17 29 59
//. III. s.
IS 13 00.5
2 30 01.9
Mean chronomeler time (No. 124)
/
n°
14' 45"
73° 14' 50"
s
86
07 20
86 14 2S
s-A
68
51 26
68 44 26
t
~8S
II 52
-83 33 «o
17 36 28.S
E
Mean time
Mean lime
Chronometer time
AT
17 43 02.4
//. HI. S.
— 5 40 475
+ 5
- 5 35
18 ?4
'7 3(>
+ 48
42.2
05-3
54-7
2.S.S
26.2
Mean, chronometer No. 124, slow at iS'' 28"', August 5, 48'" 26.6'.
From first comparison; sid. chronometer No. 19S slow .it 3'' oS'", sid. lime, 17'" 00.3'.
//. III. s.
— 5 34 12-7
+ S 42-2
— 5 28 30.S
18 31 29.S
"7 43 02-4
+ 48 27.1
ill
Mr
! (
• Chauvenet, Vol. I, Art. 140 )H).
tC'hauvenet, Vol. I, .^rt. 146.
«t
ji''
r ;
'! i
tf,
t; li
484
TIIK liAhV l"UAN!vl,IN IJAY HXI'ICDITION.
Ohseifiitions for limt at Fort Conger, (irinnell /o«</— Continued.
[Oonputoliun <>r the locnl tiiiuH ni'cilt'il fur tin- rvduclinn nf (lie iIiki' ik'liriiiiii.ili'iiiA nf lulitutle, vi/: Oiijuiiu
JO, 188 J, on July J, l88j, ami mi July K), iHS ), )
We Imvc from otiservntiotu on Miiy 10, i88j,at e|Hich J)*'', for liil.clironDinclcr, IlomI m, t.
\ Sons, Nil. itjH ■ J7'— fly 51.7
AI«o, friim n stiilcnienl liy iili.iervcr, as llit- ri'sull of IJ nlwcrvations of cc|ual allilmli;,
un July 31), l88{, rviluceil Id i'|)()cli nililiii^lil (2o4>>) lor hid. i'liriiniinit.'lcr, lloiid
.V Son*, No. I<;8 J y + 17 I J. I
And rriiiii nUstivalioiis of Au(>u»t 5, l8Sj, al i-|)ocli J,V''i '">' ">''' chronometer, Dond
& .Sous, .\o. l()S J y -f- 17 00. 3
1,
llciicc daily ralf lictWL'cii May 10 ami July 2<j i)/" -I.97
.\nd ilaily rale lnl« (.111 July Jg ami Aut;usl S J 7"- — 2.04
The fact that m. t. clirnmmu'liT, Poliia.s \ l.cavitt. No. 124, was set haclv 2'" on June l<), l.S.S|, lufoio the
ciuu|iarisou.'> on that day had Im n iiiadc, |irt.'cludv.H the deduetion of a rate for thi.t chrononietei lietween May lu
and August 6, but w e have :
III. s.
Kroiu sl.itiimiil hy the oli.servor for July 29, |88,! (12'') J/ +4837.7
Ami from ol>si'rvalions on Augu.st 5, 1883, at epoth iS^jt" ^ 7' | 48 2O.O
Hence daily rate between July 29 and A u(;ust 5 ''7'- — 1. 53
W»l-il-r»y«p|.iiiii|ii |,.,,ii ,11
TIIH LADY FKANKLIN ItAV KXi'KDI I ION.
485
I;
We have al.so the lollowiiit,' aildition.il comiLirisons (.ilxiut ini(lnii;lu) .ind t.il)lu cif corroctinns and rates uf mean-time
chronometer No. i2j, covering the periotl during which latitude ohservations were inaile:
[Sid. Nu. 198 amt m. t. Nu. 124.
Compiirison of ihtonomflt'n.
Fur No. 198 w«i have, on July 29, i88j, lo^", J/'iw:
: + f7'" l.i.l'. a/lw-=— l.97'.l.iily.]
Jl'NK 19.
No. 12.
No. 19!;
40. 125 »r,a, -
Keduction to mlilnit^ht
Correction for longitude
Mean time
No. 124
June 27,
No. 124
No. 198
32. 03 6 7\u =
ft :=
n =
Reduction to midniglit
Correction for longitude
Mean time
No. 124
J7Y„ =
Jin.Y 3,
No. 124
No. 198
26. 07 li 7'|,m =
0 =
Reduction to midnight
Correction for longitude
Mean time
No. 124
l88j.*
h.
10
•7
f
f
m.
45
9
17
1
s.
43
9.5
"3 I
19.0
Jt l.Y 8, I
No. 124
No. 198
21.05 -^/'i.a^^
Reduction to ..iidiii^lit
Correction for longitude
Mean time
No. 124
July 14,
No. 124
No. 198
15.03 «71i« —
0 =
Reiluction to midnight
Correction for longitude
Mean time
No. 124
883.
.*. HI. S,
11 16 10
'•'< 54 35
+ "7 '3.1
+ 41.5
19 12 29.6
7 4 23.36
1 2 X C. 34
1 59. 28
- 42. 43
Jui.v 18.
No. 124
No. 1 98
11.04 d7'yu ~
0 =
la ---
Reduction to midnight
Correction for longitude
Moan time
No. 124
Ji'l.Y 25,
No. 124
N.i. 19S
J 7\g^ - =
4.02 6 7m -
0 =
ReduciioM to niiiliiight
Correction for longitu-le
Mean time
No. 124
^7\.,^
1883.
//,
l(>
19
f-
r
19
7
III. I.
55 45
'3 34 5
'7 «3 I
21.75
•7
5
II
27
49
3«
I
41.6
28. 67
»2.93
54. 39
42.43
31 9 35
43 4''*. 82
II
47 20.53
1 55-88
43. 43
II
10
35
45
36.1
43
12 5 24.63
II 16 lU
II
ID
l,S,S3.
i.
II
«9
+
-1-
20
8
II
44 42-22
55 45
1883.
h.
12
•9
-1-
■1-
49
HI.
29
24
17
53..
s.
43
56. 5
'3- I
3 '
49 14.6
1883.
// . Ill . s.
II 25 27
«9 27 35
+ '7 13. •
+ 29.6
>'/ 45 17.7
7 28 2. 60
4.S 57.3
/;/. s.
I 4
46 31.5
17 13. >
7.9
'9
6
43
21
'2.7 i
1.13 '
3 52.5
II 24. 7 1
'3
22
2
11.57
11.42
42.43
12 17 15. 10
2 .78
42. 43
52 27.79
I s(>- 52
42.43
13
12
'9
29
«7.7
43
12 14 31.9
II 25 27
49 4.9
II
II
49 48-84
1 4
1883.
h.
II
18
+
+
18
6
II
49
m.
4
22
17
40
44
5f'
1
34. 7 ;
S,
3
43-5
13. I
51.4
48.0
40.47
7.53
57. 32
42.43
4S 44.8
II
S3
4
27.78
3
49
24.8
I;
r:.
•Chronometer No. 124 was set hack a" before this comparison.
486
THE LADY rUANKLlX HAY EXPEDITION.
;
Correction and rate of m. t. chroiiomilir No. 1 24 diiting jfii'ie, jfn/y, and August, 1883.
Civil 1
late.
ISS
.V
June
19
lime
27
July
3
lulv
8
July
14
July
iS
J"iy
2S
July
29
Aug.
(■
A r.
<i r.
li|)(icli - Miidiii!.;!)!. Daily rate.
49
4S
34-7
24.8
14. 6
4.9
57-2
44-8
37-7
27.0
— 2. 30
-I. 65
—2. 04
— I. 62
^1.92
--••77
-1.78
— 1-53
Note.— The sUtlon was abandoned August 8, i£83.
Obsen'aiions for latitude of Fort Conger, Grinnell Land.
[l. Observations for latitude June 30,
188',,
K. Israel, observer; W. S. Jewell, recorder
. Double
altitudes
of the sun with sextant No
147s and
ni. t. chronometer No. 10046; also comparison vv
th m. t.
cliroiiometer I\
0. 1
24]
1
Roof. Sun.
Clironomctcr time.
2
alt.^.
1
Chronometer comparison:
h. m. s.
.
//.
tn.
S,
0
/
//
No. 10046 10 14 40
/5 n
1
10
24
26
27
58
00. 5
22
30
42
41
39
10
30
20
No. 124 to 14 49
Index correction:
On arc.
/ //
Off arc.
/ //
i ^
2S
30
■31
5f'.5
3"
2S
29
35
34
34
ii
30
40
20
Before: —27 20
— 27 20
+ 35 40
+ 35 40
R
M
14
20
After: —27 20
+ 35 40
34
2
0
— 27 10
+ 35 40
0
34
36
37
40
2>-5
57
30
32
34
3^
40
0
10
liarometer, 29.85 in
Thermometer, 32.6° Fah.
39
36
32
20
Reduction : *
Set I
Set 2.
0
/ //
0
/ //
h.
tn. s.
2alt.O
30
7 55
3°
3 S
^ 7" of clironometer No. 124 at midnight -|- 3
49 29- 7
Index ciuicction
44 "o
+
4 12
Chronometer time of mean midnight
II
'0 .30.3
•
and 124
9.0
Observed altitude
15
6 2.5
15
3 i8
5
Refraction parallax
3 39-5
\ W
8 Chronometerlimeofmeanm'd't by No.
10046 1 1
10 21. 3
y
iiuatioi! '^f time
-\
- 3 26. I
h
'5
2 23.0
14
59 58' 7
0 /
//
Ajiparent midnight by No. loojo
II
13 47-4
Mean J,,
74 5«
49-
2
Anio
+ 7
SI-
^
lino
+
2
-+ 23 9
S'
S
Mean hour angle ('n (from midnight) —
• 41"' 42'
0
Si 44
I3-
* f'hauvencl, \'iil. I, .\rt. 171 (D).
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXrEDlTION.
487
',.1
Ot>:ervai:<iis for latitude of fort Coiii^i-r, Gnniull /.(?/.'(/— C'oiuimiecl.
[2. Oljserval oiis for laliliuiL-, July 3, 1883, F. Israel, observer. Circuiiimeriiliaii altitiules uf llie sun, uilli
scitant Xo. 1475 and ni. t. watch (Jewell's) cuniiiare<l with ni. t. cluonometer No. 124]
Roof.' Sun. Time liy watch.
2aU.Q.
D
0
O !
0
Q
1 1
<■> 57
2 13
<i2 57
57
//
o
o
43
61
4
34
55
5
20
55
0
2
55
7
5
55
7
40
53
9
25
62 58
10
'3
SO
1 1
7
59
1 1
5'
59
12
42
59
'3
20
59
15
5'
61 50
lO
17
35
»9
57 50
5t 50
10
30
30
4"
30
50
10
10
10
10
10
o
55 50
55 40
Reiluction : *
Mean 2 r.lt. O
Index correction
Dhserved altitude
Refraction-parallax
//
Co
Am.,
62 27
+ 4
2. 2
5.0
3« IS
33. f^
20.4
3' 14
58 45
22 58
4.2
55.8
>7-3
7-5
Ciiniparisun of time keepers:
[ev.ell's watch
.\I. t. clininonieter
Vo.
24
10
10
ni.
SO
5C
s.
2-5
0
Index corrc'tion :
On
/
arc.
//
Ofl
/
arc,
//
Ilcfiire: — 27
~27
After: —27
40
40
20
35
35
3f'
20
20
10
-27
liarometer 2().6o In
Tlicrmonjeter, 37.4
30
= I'ah
3'^
0
/;. tn. s.
^7'of chronometer No. 124 at noon -{- 49 25.8
Mean noon by clirononieter No. 124 23 10 34.2
Equation of time
Apparent noon by No. 124
Difference of Nos. 124 and 1475
Apparent nocn by No. 1475
Mean hour anylc /„
!'■ 43 4f>-o
3 54. 8
23 14 29.0
2.5
23 14 31-5
— 5" 41'
•
uiiii
pill;
•Chauvenet, Vol. 1, Art. 171 (D).
488
n :r
THE LADV I'llANKLIN BAY EXPEDITIOX.
Ol>sin\}lioiis for hititudf of Fort Conner, Griumll /.(///^/—Continued.
[3. Oliservalions for laliliide, July 19, l88j, K. Israel, oliscrver. Circiininieiidiaii aUiliiili^. uf the sim, with
seMant No. 1475 anil .sitl. 'thioiioiin;ter .\o. 19.S. Compared with 111. t. cliro loi.ieler No. 124.]
Koof.
Sim. iTiiiieliy chronometer
D 0
0
0
£!
0
Rcdnclion: *
Mean 2 all. 3
lnde.\ correction
Observed altitu<le
Refraction parallax
h
r
•91)
.Am,,
6
o •
25 35
26 57
28 20
29 51
30 49
3« 39
32 3«
hi 20
34 '5
36 39
37 27
38 24
39 «9
40 7
41 6
42 5
42 50
43 45
1
2
ah. S.
0
/
//
5S
42
50
43
5
43
30
57
40
5-^ ;
4'
0
41
0
4'
0
41
5
41
10
ss
44
50
44
44
30
44
20
44
20
57
41
20
4«
0
4'
r
5«
4.'
io
Coiupai
ison
of clir
inomelers :
No. 19S
No. 124
/;. III. t.
7 15 -1
10 55 39
Judex correction :
On arc.
( ^ii are.
Defore ;
— 27' 20"
— 27 20
35' 30"
35 30
After:
— 27 20
— 27 20
35 50
35 50
liaronicler, 29. 80 in.
Tliermomeler, 39. 1° l''ah.
o / //
58 12 31. 1
-f- 4 10.0
29
S 20. ;•
I 3S. o
h. m. s.
^ /" of chronometer No. 124 at noon -f 48 56.4
.Mean noon by .No. 124 23 It 3.6
KcuMtion of time + 6 1.3
.Apparent noon liy chronometer N 124 23 17 4.9
I »iirerc;-.ceiil cliroiionielLis Nos. I 24 and 19S 3 40 II. 9
29 I) 4J. ()
60 53 17.4
— 10. o
20 50 53-9
.\p))arent noon by No. 19S
Mean hour an^le /.i.
36 53
Si 44 1.3
•Chauvcnet, \ol. 1, -Art. 171 (D).
.w
Jiesiilts for latitude of Fort Conger, Griiiiiell I.aiul.
hroni double altitudes of the sun near lower transit, June 30, 18S3 81 44 13. 8
Krom circunniieridian altitudes of the sun, upper transit, July 3, 18S3 43 46. o
Kroni circuninieridian altitudes of the sun, upper transit, July 19, 1883 44 1. 3
IndisCiiniinate mean . . _ ._ Si 44 00.4
Mean by u|)per and lower transits . 81 44 Oj. 7
t'onsideriny that the lirst value has less weight and ihnl three rough measures with
other sextants gave values below 81° 44', the value
81° 44' 00.4" i 5 4"
has been adopted
il- I J
THE LADY FKAlS'KLlN BAY EXPEDITION.
Obscn'ations for nine, and for azimuth of marks at Fort Conger, GrinncU Land.
489
[l. Obscrvot'ons for lime, Septeniljcr 6, 1881. 10. Israel, oliservcr. Vertical angles of the sun with all a/imutli No
chronometer No. 10046 compared with mean lime chronometer No. 124.]
These observations form part of those made for azimuth, and will be foimd recorded further on.
12. Mean time
I. Reduction;''
Mean of limes by chrononieler No. 10046
DiU'erence of chrop.^nneters Nos. 10046 and 124
Mean of lime.i by Xo. F24
Mean reailinj; of vertical circle, telescope 1) 349 iS. 87
Mean reading of vertical circle, telescope R 190 02. 25
/;. III. s.
8 15 02. 6
' 59-4
8 17 02.0
Half <lifference, or. apparent f
Apparent altitude //
Coricclion for refraction and parallax
Observed altitude //
79 38. .!
10 21. 7
- 5^
10 15.9
o / //
i 6 10 17.7
87 54 5'
59 49 52
Hour ani;le
/:•
Mean hxal lime of observation
t hronomeler time No. 124
Mean time clironometer No. 124, fast
Also at 4'' clironometer Xo. 10046, fast
A. III. s.
3 59 >9- 5
- I 56.8
.5 57 22.7
8 17 02. o
4 "9 39- 3
4 17 39. 9
♦Chauvenet, Vol. I, .\rt. 146.
[2. Observations for time, Juno 9, 1SS2. K. Israel, observer. Kcpial .nllitudes of the sun, sextant No. 1425, si '^real chronometer
No. '"'■' a ' •' comparisons with mean time chronometer No. 124.]
Gl.iss
cover.
Sun.
e
a
Chronometer lime.
.\. M.
3
iS
19
20
:.2
23
24
26
27
28
29
30
31
s.
27. o
39- 5
55- o
02. o
03. o
04- 5
03- 5
15.0
26. o
34- o
50.0
55-5
Chronometer lime
2 nil. 3
r. M
0 /
//.
111.
s.
44 40
3
57
06. 0
45
55
55.8
50
54
48.2
55
S3
45- 0
45 00
52
42. 0
05
5'
32.0
44 lo
3
49
21.0
15
4S
04.9
20
46
59- 3
25
45
55- 0
30
44
44.2
35
43
35-5
IJaronieler, .\. M. 30. oO inch, at 60° !•'.
r. M. 30. 12 inch, at 67° K.
'rhermomelci, A. M., | 26.6° !•'. ; p. M.,
Chronometer comparisons ;
//. III. s.
.\. M. No. 19S 3 07 23. 5
Xo. 124 4 38 21. o
I'. M. Xo. i()S 3 24 16. 5
No. 124 4 53 12.0
Ii'.dex correction :
< )n arc.
-33-2° V.
//. III. s.
3 46 550
5 17 46.0
4 03 54. o
5 32 43. o
Off arc.
-24 3"
-24 35
-25 10
-25 00
■fjS >5
-1-38 lo
+37 5°
+37 50
2. Reilucliom* //. 11/. .t.
Q A. M. chronometer time 3 21 21. S3
DilT, of .Xos. 198 and 124 (V in i"i - — .1644") -| 1 30 55.20
A. M. time bv Xi
124
4 52 1703
p. M. chronometer time
Diff. of Xos. [9S and 124 (if/ in 1"
p. M. time by Xo. I 24
3 54 ■«• 32
.1641') +1 28 50. 58
5 23 08. 90
Middle chronometer lime /;,
//7;, = r, I /'
Clironometei lime of apparent noon
-I /■:
Chronometer lime of mean noon
No. 124 slow of Korl Conge,' mean time
A /' correction to Xo. 124 on Conger mean lime at noon, June 9
Q A. M. ehronom. time
l)iff. of Nos. 198 and 124
A. M. lime by No. 124
I'. M. chronometer lin.i'
DiiT. of Nos. i9Sand 124
I'. M. lime Ipy .\o. 124
Set 1.
//. ///. .r.
0 23 07 42.96 Q
- 35-23
23 07 07. 73
-I- • "^■57
23 08 10. 30
51 49.70
I 5' 52.5
ti. HI.
3 29
l« 30
s.
00. 67
53-95
4 59 54,02
3 ¥>
I 28
5 '5
Set
/i. III.
23 07
23 07
I
23 08
51
26. 65
51.86
18.51
.if>- 57
34- 3'^'
02. 21
02. 57
04. 78
55- 22
•Chauvcnel, \iil. I, Art. mo(H).
f
■1
m
^iii
490
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXlMiDlTION.
Observations for time, and for azimuth of marks at Fort Conger, Grinncll Land — Continued.
i|
[ ;. Olservaliuns for lime, June 28, 1882. V.. larnol, observer. K(|ual altitudes of the sun, sextant No. 1475, siilcrual clironon. ;ler
No. 198, anil compari.sons with mean time chnmonicter Xo. 124]
Glass
cover.
Sun.
Q
Clironometer time.
A. M.
2 alt. Q
Chronometer time.
1'. M.
/(. m. s.
0 /
//. /.v. s.
4 59 30.9
45 45
4 53 502
5 00 45.1
50
5-2 34-^
01 50-5
55
51 25.0
03 00.0
46 00
50 20. 0
04 10. 8
OS
49 03.5
05 22. I
10
47 54-8
\. M. I'. M.
liarometer. at (10° F., 30. 14 inch. 30. lo inch,
riiermometer, K, -f 45- 2° +49- 4°.
Chronometer comparisons :
.\. M.
r. M.
Index correction:
.\. M.
3. Reduction:""
A. M. 0 clironometer I me
Diff. of chronom. (d/ in 1'" = - .iGC*)
Clironometer lime by No. 124
7;, by No. 1 24
Chronometer lime of apparent noon
Chronometer time of mean noon
No. 1 98
.\o. I 2.'.
No. 198
No. I2.<,
( )n arc.
/ //
"24 55
-25 10
— 25 00
-25 00
I'. M. Q clironometer time
4 36 58. J
4 5« 52.0
4 3' 20-
4 44 21
( )tr arc.
/ //
37 55
37 40
37 35
37 45
A. III. s.
4 50 51-38
Diir. of chronom. {iVin i"' = — .i6f)') -f 1251.78
Chronometer time by No. 124 5 °3 43- '^
//. III. s.
5 02 26.57
- «4 49-27
5 "7 I5-84
23 10 29. 50
1- 19. 76
23 10 49. 26 .
- 258-55
~~ ~~I ~~ j or /j T= correction to No. 124 on Fort Conger mean "I
23 07 50- 7' ■[ ,;,„,; ^ _,_ 52„, a^.y. {
Daily rate of No. 124 between June 9 and June 28, 18S2 : Losinj;, or +0.8S".
N. 15. — June 29, 1882, chronometer No. 124 was advanced four minutes.
•Chauvenet, Vol. I, Art. 110 tl.J.
■ I i-
■ i
Observations for azitnuth of mark. Fort Conger.
[1. Observations for azimuth, September 6, 18S1. Horizontal and vertical measures of the sun with altazimuth No. 12 (of magnet-
ometer), mean lime chronometer No. 10046, and comparison with mean time chronometer No 124.]
Tel.
:'un.
Chronometer tiiiic.
Horizontal
circle
Vertical circle.
II
/,
(7 /' j
/;. III. s.
Mark= 37°
21'
21'
1)
73
8 oS 31.0
141
35
3S
349° '5' 14' i
10 13.5
142
01
01
18 18 j
P
II 51.0
141
52
S3
20 20 i
13 21.5
142
IJ
•T
23 23 1
K
a
16 21.0
323
38
37
I(;o 07 oS i
18 17.0
324
OS
06
02 04 1
i£i
20 00.0
323
58
59
00 02 '
21 46,0
324
Mark 217
25
25
26
28
1 89 56 59
Barometer, 29. 9S in. at 25. 5° Fah.
j Thermometer, 18. 9° Fah.
Comparison of chrononu'lors :
No. I004ri
No. 1 24
III.
44
46
29. 5
I. Reduction;* By the preceding computali<in for time on this date we have
// 10° 15.9',/ 83° 49' 42" and s 87° 54' 51".
I lence ./ —
Mean reading of azimuth circle
Mark reads
Iiy° o;.8'
142 58.7
37 23. 7
Difference of readings of circle and mark 105 35.0
A -\- this difference 224 42. S
Azimuth of mark c.ist of south 44 42.8
N. I!. This mark and those noted as .-/ and /I were all in the s.inie direction,
't tiaiivcncl, Vol. I, .Vrt. 175.
8
s.
00. o
59-3
1:^;
n
■ il
THE LADY FRANKLIN IJAY EXPEDITION.
Ohscrcation for azimuth of mark. Fort Coii;^ir — Contiiuictl.
491
[2. Observations for azimuth of mark " ./," Kort Contjui, Jiiiie 9, 1882, K. Israel, oliservur. A/iimitlis of llie sun with ahazimulh instrument No,
12. * .Siili^rc.il chronometer N). 19S anil comparison witli mean time chronometer No 124]
Horizontal circle.
Mark
Sun's
Chronometer
limh.
time.
//. III. s.
a
12 52 28.0
S3 46. 0
55 32.0
15
56 34- 5
57 41-8
5832-3
59 30- 5
I 00 31. 6
01 34.2
Q
02 44. 8
03 48. I
04 5°- S
05 45.0
06 40. 3
07 40. 0
0
08 50.5
09 40. 0
10 36. 1
1
a
h
6°
II. 1'
09. 9'
«o3
01.0
59.0
19.9
20.0
47.0
47-8
27. 5
27.1
45-0
45- «
59.2
S«.9
104
13.0
'.V«
29.4
29.6
45-9
46. 0
•05
40-5
3Q.8
56.7
56. 9
loO
11.8
12. 1
27,2
27-3
41- S
41-5
54-0
54-2
37-2
37-1
50.1
50.1
107
05.0
05.0
6
13- 0
14.0
Chronometer comparisc
ins ;
//.
III.
s.
//.
///. J
No. 19S
I "•
44
20.0
1
23 38.5
No. 124
1
i.>
51.0
2
52 5-1
.0
2. Reduction:!
h.
III.
,(.
h.
III.
.t.
//.
;;/. .1.
Mean chronometer time, No. 198
0
5S
45.8
1
OJ
08. 3
1
08 12.0
Difference of Nos. 198 ami 124
^- «
29
20. 2
.1- 1
29
19. 1
t 1
29 18. I
Mean, by No. 124
2
25
06.0
2
Ji
27-4
-»
37 30. 1
J 7'
-f-
S'
52.0
-1^
S'
52. b
-i
51 52.6
Mean time of observation
3
lb
58.6
.?
2,?
20. 0
3
29 22. 7
— Kipiation of time
+
I
oi. 0
^
I
00. 9
+
1 00. 9
Apparent time, or /
3
•7
59. b
.>
^•t
20. 9
3
.10 23. 6
Hour angle, /
49°
29'
54"
5'°
05'
1.^5"
52°
35' 54"
(!
+22
58
47
-i 22
58
49
+ 22
58 SO
AziiMii'ii of Q 180°
-52
35- 0
"54
13. b
-55
47.3
Circle readings
'03
3V '
'OS
12.9
lob
45-9
Mean reading of mark
0
10.5
b
12.0
b
•3-5
Angle between circle and mark
97
22. ()
99
00. 9
100
32-4
Azimuth of mark, east of south
Mean
44
47.6
44
47.3
44
45- •
44
46.7
Mark :
♦Supposed a mistake and to Imve been topographical theodolite No. 4950, whicli nmy l)e reail tci fractions of a minute,
t Hy the formula tan A . ^.„, ^ ,,,„ f" '^i, , ^ ^.^^ ,
[3. (Observations for azimuth of mark "A'," l-'ort Conger, June 28, 1882. V.. Israel, observer. Azimuth of the sun with theodolite No. 12.*
Sidereal chronometer No. 198 and comparison with mean time chronometer No. 124.]
.Sun's
Chronometer
limb.
time.
/;. m. s.
0
3 06 15.0
07 38. 2
09 21.5
©
10 38. 9
II 51.8
12 59.1
14 42. 6
>s 53.7
16 55- 5
(rl
18 04.8
19 06. 8
19 50- 5
20 47. I
21 43.0
22 36. 6
R
23 30.0
24 26. 1
25 «3-7
Mark ^
Mark =
izon
al circle.
It
6
6°
07.0'
07-5'
lib
45- 5
45.0
«<7
ob. I
05.9
32. s
31.8
19.0
18. I
35-2
34.9
55-0
55. 0
118
20. 1
19.7
38- •
38.0
SS-o
54-2
119
45-6
45- 0
120
01.3
00.8
12.2
12.0
27.9
27-3
40.4
40. 0
550
54.8
32.0
32-4
47.0
46.6
59.2
58.8
6
07-4
08.0
Chronoineler comparison :
/i.
III. s
No.
198
2
51 41.
5
No.
124
3
04 53.
0
3. Reduction : f
//.
III.
s.
//.
III.
.f.
/;.
;«.
s.
Mean chronometer time, >
'a. 198
3
09
47-4
3
«7
25.6
3
23
02.8
Difference of Nos. 198 an(
I124
+
•3
ob. 5
+
>3
07-3
+
'3
06.3
Mean time by No. 124
3
22
SS-9
3
30
32-9
3
3b
09. I
J7'
+
52
09.4
-t-
52
09.4
+
52
09.4
Me.an time of observation
4
•5
05-3
4
22
42-3
4
28
18.5
— Equation of time
—
3
00.7
—
3
00.7
—
3
00.8
Apparent time, or/
4
12
04. 6
4
19
41. 6
4
25
•77
0
/
//
0
/
//
0
/
//
Hour angle
63
01
09
64
55
24
66
19
25. 5
<!
+23
lU
II
+ 23
lb
10
+ 23
lb
09
Azimuth of sun
lSo°
—66
U
rt
—68
27-
3
-bo
52.
7
Circle readings
"7
22
0
119
18.
5
120
43-
5
Mean reading of mark
6
07
5
6
07.
S
b
07.
5
Angle between circle and
nark
III
14.
5
"3
II.
0
114
3b.
0
Azimuth of mark, east of south
44 43
3
44 43-
7
44 43-
3
Mean
44 43. 4
Recapitulation of results for azimuth of mark :
Observation of September 6, 1881,
Observation of June 9, 1882,
Observation of July 29, 1882,
44 42. 8, east of Eouth.
44 4b. 7, east of .south.
44 43. 4, cast of south.
Mean adopted,
0^0 = 315°
44 44. 3, east of south.
io.8
•5.7'±o.8
•SnpposL'il to be topographical theodolile No. 4950, which may be read to fractions ofo nvnute.
t Hy tan .1 = ,;-7,^ jVn J - sin « cos /
m
f!i
>-i|!
■ill
,.
492
THE LADY FUANKLIN DAY EXlMiDITlON.
OBSERVATIONS FOR TIME AND LONOITUDK AT F'ORT CONGER, C.RINNEIJ, LAND.
For the determination of the longitude of Fort Conger we have several nielliods, vi/: (A) Chronometer transportation,
(B) Moon culminations, (C) Oecultations, and (D) Lunar distances.
(A). LoNT.iTuni: nv Mkans ok Ciikonomf.tf.r 'i'RANsroRTArioN.
The data for this determination are very meager, and at best can give only an approximation. It is jiroijoscd to find the
sea rate of mean time chronometer No. 124 from the observations at St. John's, Newfoundland, and at Fpernivik, (Ireenland,
between July 6 and July 28, 1881, and to make use of the rate so found for the interval, July 2S to August 15, 1881, nt which
latter date the first local time observations were made at Fort Conger. Tlie longitudes of St. John's and of Uperr..!!. are
supposed known.
Obscnhitioiis for time and Ion ^il ink.
\;i'
[1. observations for time, St. John's, Ncwfouivllanil, July 3 and July 6, iSSi, K. Israel, obsiTver. Sextant .Vo. l5<>o, sidereal elironoineter
\o. 1425. Chronometer comparisons were -...ide on July 7, iSSl.]
JL'-V .?,
iSSi.
1
alt, *
Time by chronometer.
II
loot is.
h. in.
s.
0
/ //
19 20
29. s
III
01 40
22
57- «
no
22 35
25
59-5
109
45 40
29
01. 0
loS
57 00
32
.34- S
loS
<)_' 10
34
36. 0
107
2S 10
Inde.\
correct 1
on
20"
Jin.v ('), iSSi.
le by chronometer.
2
it
alt. *
l)ot>lis.
/l. III. s.
0
/ //
20 09 iS. 0
10 26. 5
97
5" 50
29 10
11 42.2
12 56. I
I.i 5S.6
14 56.7
96
10 00
49 20
26 50
09 20
Index correction
i- 1
' 22.5"
Reduction:* .\ceordinj; to .Vdniiral liaylield, K. N. (I.i.st of (Jeographical Positions, Ilydro^rapliic Oliice, \\'ashi]ij;ton, 1SS3), the Chain
Rock ilattery is in i,! 47° 34' 2" ami .'. 52° 40' 27" or 3'' 30"' 43. 1" west of (ireenwicli. Dividing; each set of observations in two
parts we have :
Ii'l.v 3. IlI.V Ci.
o / // " ' o / // o / //■ o / //
Observed 2 alt. no 23 18.3 loS 09 06.7 97 30 00 96 28 30
Index correction — .?o. o — 20.0 -|- i 22.5 -I i 22.5
Apparent altitude
Correction for refraction
i
t
a
0
Mean chronometer time
Chronometer f.ist <if local siil. time
Mean J 7' on local sid. time
JX Si. John's and Oreenwich
J T n\\ Creenwich sid. lime, slow
55
1 1
29.2
54
"4
23- 4
10
40. 1
49. 1
—
41. s
55
54
o,!
41.6
+ 19°
48' 03"
//.
fii.
S. '
//.
/;/.
.(.
I
43
42. s
I
52
41-3
14
10
if.. 9
14
10
II). 9
IS
53
59-7
i(>
02
58.2
19
23
oS. 9
19
32
"3-9
48 45 41.2 48 14 56.2
50-7 — 5'- 5
48 44 50.5 48 14 04.7
-) 19° 48' 03"
/;. III. s.
2 31 05.9
14 10 It). 8
l6 41 22. 7
2o 10 28.9
/;. m. s.
2 34 33-5
14 10 1 6.8
•C> 44 50- 3
20 13 57- 1
3 29 09. 2
//. //;. s.
3 29 07.5
I 3 30 43- '
20 05. 7
3 29 06. 2
//. III. .t.
— 3 29 of). 5
•f3 3" 43- '
3 20 06. 8
' 35-<'>
Daily rate, .l/'=-fo.33"
•Chauvenet, \'ul. I, Art. i4fi.
I 3f>. 6
»S8SE TiitJnraaaaiwMBiitwiiiMW
THI<: LADY FUANKIilN HAY KXPEDITIOTS^.
493
Observations for time and longitude — Continued.
oHcd lo find the
vik, (Jreenland,
i88i,;u which
■ Uiierr..;; are
llie ClKiiii
ins ill h\i)
[2. Oliscrvatiims for time, Upernivik, Grceiiliuiil, July 28, 1881, K. Israel, observer. Sextant No. 1560, mean time chronometer No. ICX346,
compared with mean time chronometer No, 124. E(iual altitudes of the sun.]
Cover.
.Sun.
Chronniuctcr time.
.\. M.
//. til. s.
D
0
I 18 34.0
20 17. I
21 29.0
H
Q
27 38.6
29 04. 0
30 37. '
0
44 21.2
45 16. 0
4'' 32-7
D
Q
49 3'- 2
5° 34-6
SI 27.8
Harometer,
at
Thermometer,
Index correction of sextant.
Chronometer comparison ;
//. m. s.
No. 10046, o 43 30. o
No. 124, o 44 35. I
A. M.
29. 85 in.
63° I'ah.
49. 8° Fah.
-I' 58.7"
p. M.
29. 82 in.
65" Kah.
60. 2° I'ah.
2' 58.7"
/;.
4
4
27
28
00. o
06. 2
//.
7
7
m. s.
44 00.0
45 07. 2
0
/
//
"
/
//
0
/
II
0
/
II
64
34
46.7
66
45
00.0
64
34
46.7
6i>
45
00. 0
I
5X-7
~
5S-7
—
2
5«-7
—
2
58.7
32
lO
24.0
n
21
30.6
32
15
54. 0
U
21
00.6
I
2V8
—
I
20. 3
—
I
22.2
1
18.7
32
IS
00, 2
33
20
10.3
32
•4
31.8
33
'9
41.9
18
S3
49.2
18
53
35-9
18
51
10.8
18
50
5(^-9
88
04
01.0
88
3b
42.7
88
OS
12.9
88
37
41. 0
SI
49
00.8
55
16
32.4
55
50
41. I
55
17
59'
36
47
S«
-30
55
3«
+3f'
30
12
130
44
34
/;.
Ml.
s.
//.
III.
s.
//.
m.
5.
//.
III.
5.
2
27
11.9
— 2
0.?
42.5
+ 2
26
24.8
^- 2
02
.S«-3
6
14-2
+
6
14.2
+
6
14. 0
-H
6
14.0
2
20
57-7
— I
57
28.3
+ 2
32
38.8
-1- 2
09
12.3
I
24
36.6
I
47
57-2
6
iS
28.2
5
55
16. 0
3.4
—
1-5
+
3?
4-
«-7
3
45
30. 9
— 3
- 3
45
45
24. 0
27.4
- 3
— 3
45
45
S2.b
59 0
- 3
45
05.4
/(.
m.
s.
-3
45
I
43-2
06.0
— 3
46
49.2
3
44
II. 7
—
2
37-5
Ohserved 2 alt 0
Index correcliuii
Apparent allituile
Kel'raclioii — parallax
h
Apparent (! J
s
s — h
t
K(|uation of time H
Mean time -
'1 ime by No. 10046
Correction for 2d dilTorence -
/3 T for No. 10046 -
Mean ^ T (sets I and 2)
^ 7' of No. 10046 at noon
Uilference of chronometers Nos. 10046 and 124
J T'of No. 124, at noon
A\
A 7' of No. 124 on Greenwich mean time
j Result of coinparisonf of chronometers off St. John's, Newfoundland, July 7, iSSi : At i*" 18'", Greenwich mean time, sidereal chronometer
No. 1425 slow of Greenwich sid;real time i"' 54.8'; mean time chronometer No. 124 fast of Greenwich mean time I"' 24.6". 'laking our
I value (A AT for No. 1425, July 7, viz, -t-i'" 37", A T of No. 124 for that date becomes — i'" 42.1". Hence, sea rate of No. 124, between
i July 7 and July 28, 1 881, ..j- -2 62".
•rtiauvcnet, Vol. I, .Art ii-,! 12),
t The actual chronometer times are not on record, but the (IKTercncc of the two timekeepers must have been 6» 59" 15.0'.
494
Tllli LADY FUANKIJN liAY EXI'KUITION.
0/' civatwiis for time aiii/ loiii^iliii/r — Continued.
! !
[3. Observations for lime nnil longitmlc near I'ort t'onger," (;rinm.ll l.ami, August 15, 18S1, K. Israel, observer. Kqual altltudcg of the
SUM Willi sextant No. 1560 anil mean time chrononuter No. 10046.]
Cover. Sun.
Chronomelt
A. .M.
D
R
0
o
30
31
32
35
30
37
LT lime.
2 alt, li)
Chronometer time.
P.M.
s.
0 /
h.
m. s.
10. 0
35 55
8
10 II
3'.S
36 00
08 46. s
59.0
OS
07 30 •
06.0
37 '5
OS 23
07. 0
20t
04 04
33. 0
25
02 54
A.M.
P.M.
29.93 in.
65.0° Fall.
29.94 in.
67.0° Fah
4)aroincter,
at
Thermometer, 38.6° Fah. 42.9" Fah.
Index correction of sextant -{-6' 05" -|-6' 10"
Chronometer coniparisoni- :
A. m. s. fi. m. s. h. m. s.
No. 10046 o 08 00. o I 33 00. o II 14 00.0
No. 124 o 12 09.0 I 37 09.4 II 18 12.4
Redi.'tion:t
Observed 2 rdt. 0
Index correction
Ar.pareii allitu ie
Hefractic n — par:\llax
h
P
s
t
t in time
Equation of time*
Mean time
/n
A /'for No. 10046
I'ifference of Nos. 10046 and 124
Jyfor No. 124
A. M
r
. M. .
0
/
//
0
/
If
3*5
40
00 0
36
40
033
+
()
05.0
+
b
1 0.0
iS
21
02.5
18
21
06.6
—
2
4S.2
18
2
20
46.7
I»
20
14.2
19.9
76
"1
47-5
76
09
42.6
S8
"1
K.S
88
06
16.2
6y
43
01.6
69
45
S('.3
-56
5«
hI
+ 56
10
«3
/>.
/'/.
,'.
//.
/«.
s.
— 3
47
£4-7
f- 3
44
40.9
-\-
4
13.6
+
4
09.8
{>-,
Set to
"> 20' 20"
— 3
43
41. 1
0
7,1
54-4
0
n
S3-«
+
3
48
S0.7
8
06
28.1
8
06
28.7
4 '7 349
4 09.2
4 21 44.1
— 4 17 38.0 Mean- — 4*' 17™ 36.4"
4 i'.4
— 4 21 49,4 Mean = --4'' 21'" 46.7'
To test this result I make use of the next lime determination available for the purpose, viz, that of September i. 1881 :
• This obscrvatiim is supposed to have been made south o( Fort Conger in about latitude 8i* ^a'.s.
tChauvcuet, Vol I, Art. 151 (j).
f 'I
TUE LADY FUANKLIX HAY EXI'EDITION.
Ohscn-al'tons for time and loiii^iluJi- — Cdntiiuied.
495
[Observations for time, Fort Conger, Septcmlici- i, iSSi, K. Israel, (ilwcrvcr. Alliluiks nf ilie suiiwitli .ilta/imiith No. 12. Time noted
by mean limo chroiKimLtci No. 10046; also comparisons with mean lime clironometcr Ni>. 124.]
Sun. t'liroiKiinulLT liiii
Witical (.iicle.
20
21
26
27
29
S.
32' S
43- o
05.0
10.0
53-5
2'S
a. b.
350° 16' 16'
20 19
22 22
igo 10 13
06 09
02 05
Barometer,
'riierniometer,
29.59 in. .at 31° Kah.
+24.8° Fah.
keduction:*
O alt.
Kefraclion — parallax
h
P
s
s-h
Hour anyle
Eipiation of time
Mean time
9 i\ O)
S 25
9 4« 44
81 59 51.5
86 46 17,8
76 57 33-8
76 44 33
//. //;. s.
5 of) 58.2
"9-3
5 "fi 3S-9
Chronometer comparisons:
//. III. t.
No. 10046 9 06 c»
No. 124 9 07 38.6
Mean lime of observation by chronometer
Correction for 21I diiTercnce
.J /'for No. 10046
Difference of chronometers
/J 7' for No. 124
/;. m. i.
9 36 00
9 37 387
h. m. s.
9 24 47.7
-I- 0.3
9
S
24
06
48.0
3«-9
-4
18
1
09.1
38.6
— 4 19 47-7
Hence the daily rates of mean time cluonometcrs Nos. 10046 and 124 between August 15 and September 6, iS
No. 10046.
No. 134.
!i. III. s.
.Aug. IS,
iSSl
. z/r
-4 17 3^
Sept. I
— 4 18 09.1
Sept. 0
4 17 39-9
A. III. s.
,17-:— 1.9 ^7'=-4 21 46.7
^' —4 19 39-3
These results seem to sliov.- t!;.il J /'uf No. ir.j. fir .August 15, 1881, miy be accepted.
We have :
July 28, iSSl (at Upeiiiivil<), mean time chrononielcr No. 124, ///"on (Ireenwich time
EtTect of rate July iS to .\u:;ust 15, -18x2.62"
August 15. 1881, No. 121, /I'/'im (irecnwicli time
August 15, 1881, No. 12.!, z/ 7dn Fort Conger time
/I.
m.
s.
— '
2
375
47.2
—
3
247
-4
21
46.7
Hence chronometric longitude of Fori Conger
— 4 18 22.0
Chauvenet, Vol. I, Art. 151 (2).
B. LONGITL'DE FROM MoON CULMINATIONS.
,' 1
ii
III I
;>
The transit instrument (U. S. Coast Survey, No. 11) w.is mounted in tlie astronomical observatory, located about
94 meters [103 yards] due east (true) of the main house at Fort Conger, and about 150 meters [164 yards] to the southwest
of the magnetic observatory. The pier supporting it was built of brick, with Portland cement. The chronograph was placed
in the main building atid electrically connected with the transit; break-circuit sidereal chronometer, Frodsham No. 2490, was
kept in the same place with the chronograph to insure as steady a temperature as could be obtained. The first set of transits
dates from December 28, 1881, and terminates with January 29, 1882. It was used chiefly in connection with the pendulum
work; the second set embraces the moon culminations observed between I'ebruary 4, 1882, and February 18, 1883. The
reduction of these transits was intrusted to Mr. Henry F'arquhar, of the Computing Division of the Coast Survey. All obser-
vations were made by Sergeant V.. Israel,
The magnifying power of the instrument is about 24 or 30; one division of the level = i''.6 and the pivot inequality/,
from observ . ns made at Fort Conger, October i, 18S1, by Sergeant Israel, = -f o".o47 for lamp east. In the first set we
\i\ [■:
llil
1
' llli
1 . !
\%
1
\
■
hI
1
k: ^
4
'1
^ii 5
r ■ ■ ■",-
\i\
,|n
490
TlIK LADY I'lJANKI.IN UAV KXI'KDITION.
havj occasionally Ijrokoii iransits, liut in tlic sccdikI set, after November 29, 188a, lliey were more freiiaeiil, ami it appears
that the threads hail to l)e renewed a number of times. Mr. I''ari|iiliar found tiie foihnvint,' values for the e(|iiatorial intervals,
answering; for illumination west, and referred to the mean of the thread < :
I.
II.
III.
IV.
4- 21.' 89
1 16.51
4 •7-13
V.
44.44
32. M>
32. 72
s,
21.96
10.05
9. 87
s.
- 0. 19
1 3.«"
1 4-79
s.
1 44- 70
1 22. lU
+20. 67
19.96
22.06
7. '4
- 6.50
1 6. 16
1 7.06
+ 20.93
1 21.50
27. (.9
-14. 88
+ 0. 33
1 '543
+ 26.80
1881. Ilicnnlai 2S Id lihniiiry .(, 1SS2, intliisivi', Iror.i Sy transits
1882. Ndvi'iiiIici- 22, fniiii 4 lraii>il.> , _
1882. NdmiiiIkt 24 ami Ji), fruiii iSti.msils.
1882. DcciinliLi- 21 ami 2i, friiiii if> Iransits _.
1882. Deccniliir 2(1 In lamiaiy 25, iS.S), inclusive, fidni .57 Iransits
l88j. I'Vliruaiy II In I ilirii.iry l.S, incliisivf, from 22 lian.iils .
'I'he collimalion, a/.inuithal deviation, and ihrcjuometer i orrei tion for each night's set, were worked out by the method of
least sijuares; the hourly rale of the chronometer was found quite uniform, vi/,., o".i losing, for which allowance was made in
the reduction. The observer api)arently ilid not avail himself of a fixed a/imiith mark which, in particular for the use of the
transits in connection with the pendulum woik, would have been advantageous this being a case where the rate of the chro-
nometer had to be determined with the greatest care. At I''ort Conger the angle between the pole and zenith is but 8^
degrees.
'I'he following is an abstract of the transit reductions during the i)eriod when moonculminatioiis were observed.
Star.
February 4, 1 882.
If' Urs;v Majoris
a Ccpliei.
c l.uonis
a I.coiiis .
)' Leonis __.
d II -
(I I.oonis
A Draconis
A Andiomeihc
X Ursa: M.ijoris
Novcnilier 22, 18S2.
Andromcilii'
Urs;c Minoris ...
Cassiopex-
Cassiopea)
Ur.sx- Minoris ...
Ursx Minoris ...
Ursa: Majoris ...
Arietis
I
Celi
November 24, 1SS2.
5 Ursa' Minoris . ,.
c liootis
a Ceti
48 Cephci.
n Coromt Ijorealis.
I'crsei
Taiiri
1I_ _ _.
Tauri
Tauri
Ill'n.
W.
W .s. p.
\v.
\v.
w.
w.
K.
E.
E. s. r.
E.
E.
K. s. p.
W.
W.
w.
v..
v.. s. p.
v..
!■;.
E.
E. s. p.
E. s. p.
E.
E.
W. s. p.
W.
w.
w.
w.
w.
Clirominicler
time, mean 1
of threads.
//. m. s.
7 '4 5.i. 3f<
19 35 20.97
7 S(> '5.35
8 19 27. 15
** 30 3'i- 33
8 50 05. ()o
9 24 54- 1 1
9 3''* 33- 02
21 50 37, 20
9 55 57.56
21 59 24.52
10 14 40. 34
22 31 43.01
22 36 22. If)
23 26 1 1. 62
23 oS 58. 54
1 1 40 40. 90
23 57 45-62
o 01 13. 44
O 03 58. 21
Correction for-
Obsi
12 25 29. 92
12 37 18. 50
0 53 14.41
1 02 19. So
13 26 41.71
I 32 17.92
1 55 '9.5^
2 07 44.42
2 10 39. 89
2 19 19.39
Kale
s. i
.1(1
- .12
- . 09
.05
•03
*[-6o.9(>]|
-|- .0()
i .oS
+ • lo ,
i .11
iS
15
14
06 I
09 !
03
01
41]^
00
Iiiel'n
Coll'n. iJevialion.
[ + 70.
— .17
•'5
— . 12
.11
— .07
^ .06
.02
[ 7>.63]
.00
+ .02
I
00
}
0
5S
0
•9
0
II
0
1 1
0
01
0
.U
n
43
1
0
70
0
95
0
6^
+50
08
I
10
2
64
32
14
-
24
61
4-
0
xs
0
45
-
0
M
0
23
+
4
29
"1
0.
4"
0.
23
-
5-
03
-1-
0
39
I.
25
0.
52
0.
53
0.
44
0.
53
+
9-95
«. 10
4. 16
3. 88
4.04
3. 92
4.06
II. 07
5.44
5.7'
I- '3.56
-413.97
- 21. 27
44.21
-519.85
+ 519. «5
- 18.53
+ "2.94
+ 12.82
I 12.05
idliiuc
of transit.
-317.57
—625.71
458. 49 ]
475.36
- 463. 45
501.51
-464.44
-295. 24
—564. 68
-.-410. 36
+ 24.53
4-160.75
-|- 20. 90
+ •2.83
— 141. 84
— 141.84
+ 3'. 23
-I- 24.99
I 26.71
-|- 26.07
//. M.
7 09
19 25
7 4«
8 II
8 22
8 40
9 '7
9 ,n
21 41
9 49
s.
24.70
03.82
32.42
27.75
5'. 70
39. 20
■345
46.50
07. 8S
12.07
Tabular U. A.
/;.
9
21
9
lo
10
II
II
23
II
00 05.02
"5 43-97
39 11.92
02 07. 85
'3 30-63
07 52.40
24 27. 13
3' 47-61
39 51-56
I'brononieler correction
{jr.)
in.
50
I SO
22 00 01. 78
10 II 17.02
3' 41-39!
35 4S- 03
14 37-73
14 51.85:
40 40. 90 i
'23 58 23. 09 I
! o 03 03. 05 I
o 04 36. 10
22
22
23
23
II
I
O 02 21. S3
12 13 42. 12
o 3.\ 54- 84
0 38 01. 50
1 16 54. 20
1 16 54. 20
13 42 54.05
2 00 36. 59
2 06 49. 62
S.
40.32
40. 15
39.50
40. 10
38.93
39.95
40.63
39.73
39. 49
39. 37 at Io^5
(20. 05)?
(25.10)
"345
13.47
(16.47)
(02.35)
■3.15
'3.50
•3. 52
" 52.
14.
+ 12.
+ 57-
+
71
17
59
'4
10
55
53
93
02
28
+ 41.61
+ 28. 12
:5.90
9.27
28. 06
+ 21.99
+ 24.63
+ 25. 85
4- 25.08
+ 24.82
+
-+-
-f
12 25 22. 94
12 37 32.71
0 53 52. 55
1 03 21. 07
13 27 24. 19
1 32 20. 05
• 55 30- 14
2 06 44. 18
2 10 51.51
2 19 30.42
14 27 40. So
'4 39 5>-53
2 56 11.54
3 "5 39- 09
15 29 42. 81
3 34 38. 70
3 57 48. 79
4 '3 10.07
4 21 49. 10
02 13. 51 at 2''. I
02 17. 86
18.82
18.99
18.02
18.62
18.65
18.65
1 8. 56
18.68
2 02 18. 63 at 4''.2
*(Ttic quantity in brackets kIvcs the rulutlian tn tlic moon's center, or the siilereal time of scmliiiamcler passing meridian ; the Washington and (Jrcenwicli Epiiem-
erides giving very nearly identical values.]
p ami it appears
Uorial intervals,
TUE LADY FRANKLIN BAY KXPKIUTION,
Star.
November 29, 1882.
25 Caiiiclopardalis.
A (icminoruiii.
n CaniH Minori.s. . .
/} (icininoruni
3 Urs.i! Majoris . . .
r I'yKn'-
(T* C'ancri ,
t Ursrv Majoris ...
4 II
« Hydr.i'
I Draconia
December 21, iSSj.
n Ariclis
f Ceti
y Triaiiyuli
I Cassiopea*
/? liofltis ..
f Arietis
yi XJnx Minoris . .
d I —
C I'ersei
A' 'I'auri
December 23, 1882.
r Tauri
a Camelopardalis.
( Aurig.c
II Orionis
Groom., 944
Groom., 944
(t I — -
a Orionis
I) Aiirigte
Ill'n.
K.
i;.
£
w.
W. s. p.
VV.
w,
w.
w.
vv.
\v.
vv.
vv.
vv
vv s
Chronometer
time, mean
of threads.
/;. m. s,
5 02 30.
5 10 00.
30 01.
35 00.
5« 57.
14 44.
44 26.
4» 37-
5.J 5'-
OS .U.
19 14.
December 26, 1882.
3 Ursa! Majoris . .
Cancri
Cancri .
Cygni
II
December 27, 1882.
u' Cancri
Ursae M.ijoris ...
Cancri
Cygni
I2-Vr. Cat., 1879.
I2-Yr. Cat. ,1879.
Cancri _..
liydix
Lyncis. _.
II...
Leonis
January 14, 1883.
0 Cephei
A Draconis
( Piscium
<j Piscium
$ I-
0 Piscium
32 Camelopardalis.
43 Cephei
r Piscium
VV s |i.
E.
E.
E.
E.
E.
E.
E.
VV.
VV.
w.
VV.
vv.
VV.
vv.
w.s.p.
vv.
w.
vv.
w.
w.s.p.
vv. s. p.
E. s. p.
E.
E.
E.
E.
E.
E.s.p.
E.
E.
E.
E.
W.s p.
vv.
w.
2J 56 47. 5'
o 02 59' 90
o 06 35 79
0 IS 4.).S7
'2 5.5 34-92
1 04 23. 79
'.5 "> 43-53
> 3'' 35-4"
' 42 57-76
' S3 57 09
31 20.00
38 40. 44
50 26. 79
53 59-12
21 24.91
21 58.8s
3« 30-03
44 58- 24
47 09. 70
5 57 22.65
() 01 31. 52
6 06 II. 01
18 13 54-88
6 29 30. 59
5 49
5 57
6 06
18 13
18 48
18 48
657
7 04
7 09
7 «9
7 30
51.92
21.50
09.02
52.40
14.87
24.51
21. 50
12.69
54-11
56.67
50.9s
21 09 07. 70
9 19 29.36
21 29 06.42
Kate.
- - 19
— -"7
- "4
••3
.CH)
— .07
— .02
.01
[ 63.94]
f ■ 02
t- .04
.17
- . 16
- -'S
- 13
- .07
- .05
- -03
[ + 70-66]
4- .01
+ .03
• It
— . 10
— .08
— .07
-- .03
-- .03
[+70. 10]
+ .01
+ .01
- .05
- -05
- .04
- 03
65.06]
— -IS
— -'4
— . 12
— . II
— .05
— -OS
— .04
— -03
— .02
[-63.40]
-f .02
, 12
. II
.09
21 48 28. 76 — .06
22 23 26.42 [4-67.81]
22 37 47- 56
10 42 38. 89
22 49 14. 16
23 00 28.07
+ .03
+ -04
+ .06
Correicllon for—
Ind'n.
.78
.09
. o(>
•'7
•63
.19
• 24
•45
- 14
.06
94
Coll'n. Deviation.
+
— I
I 93- 65
I- 12-97
+ •2-07
I- 13-64
- 33-23
+ 15-65
- 14-02
- 18. 12
- 12.69
- 12.02
- 84.63
3H
»3-74
24. Si,
23- 28
'5-35
27-53
I 22.39
I 20.51
H 24. (kj
+ 24.35
— o. 30
.09
.07
•25
•95
.28
.22
•32
. 10
•IS
. II
50
39
65
5'
82
47
53
52
62
— .18
— 1. 10
— .42
— .16
— 4.06
— 34«
- -'S
- -o?
- -29
4- 1.49
+
.91
. 20
••7
•32
.16
.28
• 42
,06
. 12
.84
.08
.00
,00
•03
.01
.01
— ^33
+ "•59
— •'3
— •13
— . 12
— H
+ 3^46
-4.84
+ .26
+
+
+
+
+
1. 41
3' 21
1.72
'•35
'532
'532
'•44
'•3'
1.84
2.38
.90
.87
1. 12
•92
•95
2.38
.87
I. 12
5. 01
5.01
.88
.86
I. OS
.90
.87
19.4a
20. 25
'8. 73
1365
23. 28
19. 56
30. 05
20. 50
18.83
19.50
2'- 55
'5-40
20.07
22.04
16. 22
16. 22
22. (<i
22.55
19. 60
+ 12-57
+ '9- "4
+ 19.61
+ 22.53
4- 20.08
+ 23.
+ 'S-
4- 24^
4- 28.
4- 46.
4- 46-
+ 24.
+ 25.
4- 22.
+ 25.
4- 24.
2.04
2.28
•78
.78
.82
•79
7.52
—10. 23
— 0.90
Obneru'dtiine
of irunKil,
//. m. s.
5 "3 59- ''14
5 I" ,('' 55
5 .!o 3«- 70
5 35 37- 54
5 58 39- 12
iS 15 2S, 12
6 -t4 .(4 15
() 4S 39. 57
I) 52 59.51
7 <'5 44- Jt'
7 "7 47-22
23 $7 05
o 03 IS
o of) 52
0 15 5S
12 54 00
1 04 41
ij 17 19.40
I 38 07. fY)
I 43 18,07
I 54 18.00
- '7
•S3
•47
9.1
■ 2.^
.61
2 31 42-67
2 38 57. 85
2 50 48. 08 ]
2 54 22. 28
{21 19. 92
3 21 23.87
{ 40 01. I()
5 48 52- 39
5 50 59- 80
' 5 57 3'- 88
(1 01 49-51 I
6 06 29. 54 ,
iS 14 18.82
6 28 44. S3
5 50
5 57
6 06
18 14
18 49
18 49
657
7 04
7 10
7 '9
7 31
14.09
34-4'
32. 70
2'- 95
07. II
05. Si
46.97
38.66
17.87
19.71
16.48
+ 16.44
+ 35^43
4- 25.01
4- 24^ 91
4- 25.86
4- 24.88
4- 60. 65
—22.84
+23- 24
21 09 24.73
9 20 03. 99
21 29 31.99
21 48 54.26
22 25 00. 79
22 38 13. II
'o 43 SO- 55
22 48 36. 29
23 00 50. 21
41)7
I'i.lml.ir K \.
A. HI. I.
7 06 l,\.22
7 '3 ™>-75
7 X\ '2. OS
7 3S 10. 92
8 01 12 J4
20 iS HI. 34
>< 47 07 -43
S 51 12.86
9 08 17. 61
9 20 20. 66
2 00 36. 44
2 06 49 50
2 10 23. 61
2 19 30. 41)
14 57 3' 35
3 08 12. 62
15 20 51, 13
3 46 49- 10
3 57 48- 94
4 35 '5-67
4 42 30- 40
4 54 20. S9
4 57 55-22
5 24 59 i<>
5 24 59- •'•
5 48 52. ,30
5 50 59-80
8 01 13.81
8 05 \2. 14
8 10 12. 18
20 18 01. 01
7 53 S3- 31
8 01 13.86
8 10 12. 20
20 18 oi.ro
20 52 46. 41
20 52 46.41
9 01 26. 44
9 08 18. 42
9 '3 57-42
9 34 56. 03
Clironiinieli-r correction
(J 7;)
k. HI.
2 02
33- 28
3.1 20
33- 38
33-38
33 "2
.\3' 22
33- 28
33- 29
33-4'
,i3- 44
a 02 a. Si at 8i'.9
a 03
31-27
30- 97
3' '4
3"
31
3'
3'
47
12
01
73
3'- 03
30- 94
03
03
24)
29)
03
03
2 03
39.22
39-45
39^50
39^ OS
(39^ 30)
(40. 60)
39^ 47
39^ 76
39-55
39- 55
23 '3 49-40
11 24 28. S3
23 33 56- 29
23 53 '8-66
o 42 37- SO
12 48 15. II
0 53 02.74
1 05 14.25
03
04
31. 06 at 3i'.7
33- 00
32- 55
32.81
32-94
(39- 24
(35
32-97
32. 62
32. SSat 5^.7
41-93
42- 63
42.64
42. 19
2 03 42. 63 at Sh.s
39.51 at
24.67
24.84
24.30
24.40
24-39
24-56
26.45
24.04
9"-4 .
2 04 24. 36 at oi'.S
11. MiB. 393, pt 2-
i
Ei
498
TIIK LADY IKANKMN l»AY KXPKDITIOX.
5'
f ,
111
Jamiaiy 15, iSSj.
J2 Caiiivli>parilalis
I 4j Ccplici
r I'isciuin
/ rUcium
d I
January 23, 1883.
a Cnncri 1
d J' I
j 1, coins ... I
I " l.COIli.H
I a l.odiiis . , '
JO Caniclcipardalin..
2 j6 Ceplici
I
January 34, |88,?.
0 I.cimis ....
d II
rr l.eonis. .
JO (-'amuliipardalis. .
226 Cephci
/ I.i'oiiis
(jroom,, 1706 . _
January 25, i8Sj,
JO ('ainelo|)ar(lalis..
/) l.eonis ..
,<L II
I a l.eonis
r l.eonis
y Cephei
y Cephei
V Virjjinis
4 Draconis
February 11, l88j.
(I I'isicum ..
4J Cephei
d I-
TT I'iscium
r I'iscium
Keliruary 14, l88j.
y Canieloparilalis..
f Urs.e Minoris ..
A Taiiri .
A' Tauri
d I ....-
; 1 :\\\\\
1 l.iiiri
t Urs.i; Minoris __
t Urs.e Minoris , .
Groom., 944
a Orionis
ji Aurigii; ...
s p.
K.
v..
v..
v..
W.
W.
w.
w.
w.
w.
W. », p.
w.
w.
w.
w.
W. s. 11
K.
K.
K.
E.
E.
E.
E.
E.
W.
W.
W.
I-eliruary 15, i88j.
Ciroom., 750
ri Lrsie Minoris
a Tanri W.
r Tauri \V.
I Tauri \V.
([ I. W.
ii Tauri __ E.
Groom., 966 IC.
Chronometer |
lime, mean
of ihreadii.
Correction for —
Kate.
W.
W.
VV.
W.
E.
E.
:. s. p.
E.
E.
E.
/;. «/. s.
10 42 59, 69
22 48 49.58
2.! 1x1 25. 48
2 J nil 5(). jS
23 "9 V)f<i
— .o<>
.05
- .03
— .02
[■(-68. 37]
(i 46 59. 50 ' .02
I (' 57 54- 7" [ ''3-94]i
7 JO JO, Sf>
I 7 .'.) 4S, oS I . 05
[ 7 .S7 "-•■ 37
8 12 17. 27
, 20 24 44. 45
7 29 46, 12
7 47 "o. 24
7 ■\^ 53- 76
S 12 14.42
20 24 40. Sj
S 37 S5. «4
8 45 41.79
+ . 10
+ .la
+ .14
- oj
62.60]
. 00
8 II 58.40
8 21 2(). 5 J
34 .5*'. 06
09 5J.OI
16 41. 85
2'> 05 57
28 58.42
49 41 .39
10 01 51.84
22 36 J7.46
22 47 51.92
22 59 29. 27
2J 24 55. 08
2j 29 17. 8j
E. s. p.
W. s. p
W.
w.
w.
w.
\V, s. p.
• 31 37- 8j
'3 4« 05-37
I 47 29.56
I 51 05.86
1 S.S 54. 15
_■ O ) JI). 70
2 15 06. 20
•4 50 3'' 35
14 49 46.46
J 20 29. 88
3 42 15- ''2
3 44 3i-^i
56 02. 27
"3 23- 99
22 36. 16
28 ,;.S. 84
37 5*^- «?
55 15-24
12 I J. 00
1 7 50. 66
+
+
•f
.04
.06
.08
. 10
- .04
.02
[—61.66]
4- .06
+
+
+
+
.07
.09
.09
-'3
.16
- .04
— .02
[+69. 12]
f .04
+ -OS
— .04
— .02
— .01
— .OI
[+69-97]
-f- .02
+
+
+
+
+
+
• 03
.09
.09
• 14
.18
.18
— . 10
— -07
— -05
— .04
— - . 03
[+69. 54]
+ -03
+ -04
Ind'n.
Coll'n,
J.
.V.
f- 3.(K)
- 7-73
- 1.48
-1 10.50
- . 10
t 0.92
— .04
•f 0. 80
- .08
+ 0,85
- n
- 0.97
— . 16
— 1.00
He lee
— . 18
0. 97
- -'3
0.97
4.18
- 7-95
— 1.48
+ 3»i
- .16
- 0.99
— -14
— 1. 01
.14
— 0. 98
— 2.40
- 8.12
1 I. 16
+ 3-91
- -23
+ -99
- 3-34
+ 4-82
3.20
+ 7-86
— -'3
+ -95
- . 10
+ -97
.14
+ -95
— . 10
+ -94
1 1.84
- 4-18
+ 2-31
+ 4-18
— -13
- -95
— 2.04
- 4.62
— .07
— 0.95
+ .01
-12.33
~ .03
— 0. 99
- -07
0. 96
- -07
+ 0.94
— . 20
+ 9-45
+ -30
— 15.00
- -03
+ 3- '5
- -05
-f 3-32
— -05
+ 3-40
- .08
+ 3- '9
— .09
f 3-26
+ 1-34
—22.78
+ 3-95
+ 22.78
— 4-64
-36.31
— ->4
— 3-!i
- -73
- 4-35
— 7-3'
—36- 3«
+
2. 1 9
. 22
-24
.24
-30
.28
•23
Ocviatiun.
Ohnervpil timet
of Iraiiiil.
Tahulsr R. A.
.1. I /;. «/. s.
+55- 20 ! 10 43 49.71
-20.78 22 48 37.77
Ml-"" 23 00 47.43
I 22.88 J J 07 20.00
+ 23.28 23 21 22.05
12 48 15-33
0 S3 02.48
i 05 14.23
1 11 46. 71
+ 12.46
— 3-14
— 3- 26
— 3. 20
— 3- 34
+ 3-43
+ 11. 60
+20. 91
I 21-65
1 reeoril.
I 20. 99
. 20. 88
4-5'
6 47 19.29
6 5; "-2S
7 .P "7- 97
7 57 22.25
8 12 00. 75
20 25 20.75
+ 21.38
f22. 24
+ 21.49
- 4. 60
+34-43
+ 21-3'
+ 6.44
— 4-49
■I 20. 81
, 21.96
+ 21.09
+ 21.29
+34- 96
+ 34-96
+21.09
+ 6-47
+23-43
—21. 50
+ 24.20
+ 23- '4
+ 23-55
7 30 06. 32
7 46 28. 73
7 49 '4- 13
8 II 59.34
20 25 20.39
8 38 17.99
8 45 49.81
8 II 58.53
8 21 48. 14
8 3i 57-23
9 «o 14-97
9 »7 04.05
9 29 38- 28
9 29 39.96
9 50 01.53
10 01 s<-8i
22 36 59-83
22 47 18.08
23 01 01. 57
23 25 17-23
23 29 42. 30
+3i-
+98.
+ 56-
+ 54-
+ 57-
+55-
+55-
+ 119.
+ 116.
— .W-
+ 55-
+ 48-
52
16
20
67
37
67
08
72
45
84
40
Id
• 32
<3 42
I 48
I 52
1 58
2 07
2 16
'4 52
14 52
3 '9
3 43
3 45
20. 56
28.81
28.87
03-79
04. 84
25. 50 I
04. 48 i
09. 72 ;
09- 73
09- 23
07-95
15.09
Chronoineler correction
(J/.)
9 34 56. 62
9 54 04.05
10 16 51.32
22 30 10.54
10 43 08. 50
10 50 38. 24
10 16 51.43
10 26 41. 20
11 15 08. 16
II 21 57.17
II 34 32. 24
II 34 32- 24
11 54 54.42
12 06 44. 56
o 42 37.08
0 52 55.65
1 30 54.48
I 35 21.23
3 38 04. 74
15 48 13-25
3 54 13-40
3 57 48.39
41-59
88.07
53- 3}
52. 21
52.88
54-80
+ Si-25
+ 25.51
+
+
1 54 36. 96
14 15 06. 64
2 23 26.08
29 27.51
38 45-53
57 15-94
13 07.43
18 24.58
4 13 09-78
4 21 48.84
16 57 53-24
16 57 53.24
24 53. 12
48 52.26
50 59.59
4 00 24
16 20 53
29
35
44
5 >S
5 24
62
84
•5
22
6'j
95
85
m.
8 52 07. 64 ; 2
9 34 56.<>o
10 02 10. 61
10 16 51 . 20
22 30 10.59
I-
j.
35.63
24.71
26.80
26.71
04 26. 74 at I '■.4
04 48.35
48.63
48. .16
50. 45
41). 84
2 04 48. 45 at 9i'.o
2 04 50. 30
49-92
51.98
50-15
50- SI
48- 43
04
04
50. 18 at 9i'.9
52.90
53- 06
53- «9
53-14
53-96
52.28
52.89
52-75
04
OS
53.07 at I0''.6
37 25
37 57
05
05
37-25
33-93
37- 56 at
44-18
44-44
44-53
44.60
I*.! I
44. 28
44- 3''
(43-52
(43-5
43-89
44-31
44-50
;!
05
OS
44. 44 at
47.66
47.20
48.07
47-71
48.13
48.52
46.27
4^I
2 05 48.0531 s".©
;!:!(
1
\ 4''<. 45 at 9''.o
I 50, JO
50. 18 at i)>'.g I
5,1.07 at lo''.6
TIIK LADY rU.\NKLiN HAY KXI-KDITION.
4U9
Slar.
Februnry iH, 1
25 C.iint'lo|mril
r Dnuiiiiis
K (ieiniiioruin
<I I
C Ciiicri
« Tcplici pr.
HSj.
alls..
Ill'ii.
K.
E.». p.
K.
K.(?)
E.(?)..p.
("Iirnnomeler
tiiiii'.
mean
Ill th
reada.
/;. m
s.
5 00
U- 08
17 10
,)4' 05
5 .52
.?-•'»"
.S 4.5
5 J- 4')
.S S«
41.. S4
18 05
25- i(>
I'orrcciion for—
Ratu.
- 07
- .o(}
[165.07]
I- .02
+ •04
Incl'n.
- 8.01
^ J. 14
- -45
— -47
I 4- ,34
CoU'n.
Deviation.
Olimr- 1 .Itimr ,,, , , , . Chronometer correction
s, J, /;. w. jr. //. «/. f. //.
f2.V94 7-00 5 00 4i.ij3 7 o'l ,(5. So 1
— lo. 5H I 84.0 J 17 II 50. 58 V, 1744.(8
Defect ill record.
f 3. .11 t S(>i7 , 5 45 5'**-.V) I
I Ji.J I 54. I J S 59 .\X-7S ■*< "5 ii'>3
-14.0.) h oi-fit 18 06 49. (i 20 12 43. J3
05 5,1. 8S
S.I- «o
5J««
54.00
I
3 05 5J.88al 7i'.9
The following table gives the coiliiiiatidn and a/iinuthal deviation for each night of observation, as well as tiie ri'sultiiig
or observed right ascensions of the moon's center, denoted by m. It is found by adding to the (tabular) observed time of the
transit of the moon's center, the (tabiil.ir) chronometer correction as deduced from moon-culminating stars, or from stars in
about the same parallel as the moon. We have rci = a, + '^ — "». where " and W, are the sidereal times of culmination of th.'
moon's center and the star respectively, ami rrj and a, the corresponding right ascensions. The columns headed 1*1 contain
corresponding values for observation at Greenwich* and at Washington. t
Date.
CoUimatioii.
Azimuth deviation.
0|
a., Greenwich.
«! Washington.
A. m, s,
1883.
s.
1.
A.
m.
X.
A.
m
s.
Feb. 4
- 3-79
- 496. 2
10
3>
18.57
Nov. 22
-'".93
-f 26. 9
2
".?
16.56
S4
— 13.56
+ 26.4
4
09
02.81
3
57
47.10
r. "5
— 13. 01
+ 25.5 E„ +24-8 W.
8
55
32.84
Dec. 31
- i.3«
-f 20.9
3
41
i<)' 05
3
M-
43- '5
23
- <-.}o
-f 23.2
S
43
34. 04
,5
3^
43- /S
26
[— 0. 86]
i- 20. 3
8
32
27. 16
27
- 0. 86
+ 25-6
9
22
59. 22
9
14
05- 70
1S83.
Jan. 14
— 0.78
+ 25- 6
0
29
25.15
0
19
21.8?.
'5
- 0.80
1 1
.- 0'9S.
+ 23.3
I
25
48.79
1
"5
.{'•'- 4
23
+ 21.8
9
01
59.70
8
52
53- 50
24
- 0-97
+ 22.2
9
5"
18.91
25
- 0.94
+ 21.7
10
38
50.30
Feb. II
— 1.80
+ >8-3
1
0()
39- 13
0
56
11 .S4
14
- 3- 08
+58.6 E., +57.0 W.
4
03
49- 28
«s
— 3. 01
+ S(>-3
5
03
03-99
18
- 3- 07
+ 57.4
7
5'
52.27
7
42
18.56
7 53 41-37
*Greeiuvicli Oliiervations in the years 1SS2 and iSSj. London, 18S4 and 18.S5.
t Astronomical and meteorological observations made during; the year 1882 at the United States Nava! Observatory, Washinijton, 1885, contains
no corresponding; ol)servationsj the observation of February 18, 1883, was kindly communicated by Commander A. I), lirown, U. S. N., Superintend-
ent, Naval ( )bservatory.
On the dates for which no corresponding observations could be found the hourly ephemeris of the Greenwich Nautical
Almanac was corrected by means of (Jreenwich and Washington observations on days preceding and following the date of the
Fort Conger observation. The actual correction (() for that date was found by interpolation.
\ e have the following corrections to the moon's tabular right ascensions :•
From Greenwich and Washington observations Feb.
4, 1882
s.
—0. 90
Nov.
22, 1882
—0.85
Nov.
29, 1882
—0. 66(?)
Dec.
26, 1882
-0. 68
Jan.
24, 1883
—0.05
Jan.
25. 1883
- 0. 09
Feb.
14, 1883
+0. 10
Feb.
15' '883
0.00
*The reference to the Greenwich hourly ephemeris in the Nautical Almanac was here preferred; it may be noticed that between 1882 and 1883
a change in the lunar tables was made in the .\merican ephemeris, 1SS2 bein^ tlie last year in which Peirce's tables were used, and 1883 the first in
which Hansen'.s tallies with Newoomb's corrections! were introduced, the same as in the Nautical Almanac.
III
m\A
V I
11 t
;ti -t
«!*,
500
TIIK l.ADY KliANKLIN HAY KXPKDITION.
; I
; Mi i':
i::ll
Hy aid of tlie corresponding oh; ervations and tliesc tabular corrections we obtain the following results for the 1' 'Ujitude of
Fort Conger. — ( T'or method see ("hauvenet, \'ol. 1. Art. 234.)
Place. I'oil Conner, I'mi Cojij^cr, lun ('i)iij;i'r, (In-i. nwicli, I'urt Conjjcr, Korl l'on(;i-r, ("iieeinvicli, 1 Kort Conger, 1 lireeinvich,
Date. I'd). 4. iSS.'. Nov. 2;. 18S2. Nov. .'4. iSSj. Nu\ 24, iS.Sj. Nov. 29, 1S82. Dec. 21, 1S82. Dec. 21, l882.!Dec. 23, 18S2. Dec. 23, 1S82.
SM.r. M.N.
Keiliiclioii
"1
/, ami /.:
h. III. s.
10 29 48. 18
17 49 1). I)
20 58 1 1 . 4
- 55''
//. III. t.
2 4 37- 02
39. 54
14 i(> 18.4
10 5 28. 7
2 io. 7
4 f< .\.i- 50
-'')-3'
Id II 41.7
16 13 21.9
- 39-6
A. III. s:
3 5<' '57
« 45-53
II 42 (I. 4
16 13 21. 9
> 55-3
//. III. jr.
« 54 IS- 34
I 17.50
20 38 28. 3
16 _i,\ 4.6
3 23- 4
■ //. III. s.
3 39 i7-<>3
2 21.42
'3 57 5f'-5
17 59 4f*-9
2 17.0
i. III. s. I h. III. t. I h. m. s.
3 29 32- 74 5 41 28. 86 ; 5 31 48. 5
I 10. 71 j 2 5. 18 i 55. 28
9 29 2,9 IS 5' 53-9 " 22 49. I
17 59 48.9 18 7 42.0 ;i8 7 42.0
' 33-5 i 2 3''- 4 I 52. 2
38 50 i(..9 !o 24 7.8
10 \i 18. 6 2 5 16. ()
58.3 4 18 51.2
i^ 27 43. 2 27 57 23. () 37 14 5() 3 ^2 00 03. o
4 0 2.8 .i 57 47. I 8 55 32.8 3 41 3(). 1.
4 18 40.4 2;,. 5 --- 4 •!< 24-"
4 '8 ''3-9
4 "S S3. 5*
3" 25.3 34 2 12.3 2.) 32 23.3
30 43- 4 I 5 4.! 34- " 5 32 43- «
-18. I 4 18 i,V3 -20.5
4 18 42. I 4 iS 58.8
I
Place.
I late.
y\
Si<l.T. .M.N.
Keiluction
l'"(irt C'ciiij;er, l-'nit ''oiit;ei-, 'licemvicli,
Dec 2(), 1882.; Dec. 27 1S82. Dec. 27, 1SS2.
//. III. s. I /;. »/. s.
8 31 27.08 i 9 22 29. 67
; I 00, 08 29. 55
;i8 28 42. 2 1 19 14 50. 8
jl8 19 31.7 18 23 .'S. 2
3 2, I 3 9. 7
9 1 2 29. 59
1 36. 20
14 47 54.0
18 2j{ 28. 2
2 25. <)
"I
X
Place.
Date.
f'li
"1 "1
r,
Si.l.-P. M.
N.
Reductii
Ill
36 51 16.0
"8 32 27.2
4 18 48.8
37 41 28- 7 33 '3 48- >
9 22 59. 2 9 i V S- S
4 18 29. 5 -17-7
4 18 .17. 2
l-'oit t'oiij;ei-,
Jan. 14, 1883.
//. III. .1.
o 28 57.41
27- 74
9 12 19. I
19 34 2(). 3
I 3<>. 7
28 48 1(1. I
o 29 25. 2
4 18 50.9
(lieeiiwidi,
laii. 14, 1883.
//. III. .<.
o 17 42.52
4 44 10-4
•9 34 211, 3
4(1.7
24 I.) 23.4
o 19 21. 8
+ 1.6
4 18 4.).
I'lii't C'liiijier, ("iieeinvicli, l-'urt l'(inj;er, Ciieemvicli,
Jan. 15, 1883. Jan. 15, 1883. 1 Jan. 23, 18S3. Jan. 23, 1883.
//. III. ,t.
I 25 37.9(1
10. 83
'o •; 44-3
19 iii 22. 8
> 39-3
' 13- 55
I 22. 86
3(1 22. 7
38 22. 8
55-3
:'7
1 20
1 43-03
16. 67
8 1 1. 4
9 55-3
2 48. ()
/;. III. s.
8 51 29.57
1 23.<)3
12 40 52. 9
20 9 55-3
2 5.0
29 44
46.
4
:2s
15 40.8
1 25
48
8
IS 3<''-4
4 18
57
(1
+ 4-4
37 20 55.6
9 I 59-7
4 i« 55-9
32 52 53- 2
8 52 53- 5
"■ 3
4 1 8 53-2
4 18 56.2
/., ami /.
Kort Conger, Kort Conger, I I-"ort Conger, fireenwich, I Kort Conger.
Jan. 24, 1883. ! Jan. 25, 1883. jKeli. ii, 1883. Keli. 11,1883. '■''^■''- •■» '883.
//. III. .f.
" 49 34- 39
1 44.52
'7 53 30.''
20 I ^ 51.8
2 50.3
A. III. s.
10 37 40. 02
I 10. 28
I*"- 37 5-0
48. 4
3-5
(8 10 18.7
9 51 18.9
'8 37 5'i-9
:o 38 50. 3
4 iS 59- S
4 iS 60.6
//. III. .t. //. III. s. h. III.
I ; -o. },}, o 54 59. 83 ; 4 2 3. 72
2 18. 80 I 12. 01 I 45. 56
7 59 22-8 3 30 Si-o [to 44 13.4
21 2449.8 '21 24 49.8 i2l 3(1 30.5
I 18. 7 34. 6 I I 45. 8
19 25 31-3 24 50 15.4
1 6 39. I o 56 1 1. 8
4 18 52. 2 I + 3. 6
4 i8~^.6
22 38. 7
3 49- 3
I
4 >-'' 49-4
Kort Conger,
Keb. 15,1883.
//. III. s.
5 I 30.66
I ^SSS
1 1 39 30- 5
2 1 40 36. o
I '54-9
5 3
14
4.0
4 18 57-4
Kort Conger, ' Cireenwicli, Washington,
Keb. 18, 1883. Kcli. 18, 1883. Keli. iS, 1883.
//. III. s.
7 SI 18- SS
.U- 72
14 15 47.0
21 52 25.7
2 20. 6
iS 10 M- 3
7 51 52.3
4 18 41.0
//. III. s.
7 40 34- ('7
I 43.89
9 48 13.8
21 52 25.7
I 36. 6
{I 42 16. I
■7 42 18.6
- 2.5
These obser-
I vatiiins give
the correction
to Kiiheineris
.18"; hence
the I'ort Con
gcr observa-
tions give X ::
II. III. s.
4 18 46. I
4 18 43.5 Mean, 4 18 44,8
•If no correction IsoppliftI, A =4'' .o"'63.9'.
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
501
r the 1' .11 Htiide of
Arra-.iging the results for longitude according to limb of moon, we ha\
i^icr, (Irecnwicli,
18S2. Dec. 2.i, US82
s.
.86
. 18
•9
.0
•4
5 .51 48- 5
55-28
1 1 22 49. I
18 7 42. o
I 52. 2
o
iS i;S.S
2'l 32 2.5. i
5 .52 4.i- 8
-20. s
;i'r, (Iicciuvicli,
8^. [an. 25, 1SS3.
! //. m. s.
oj 8 51 29.57
67 , 1 2,;.<,j
4 12 40 52.9
.< 20 9 55. 5
9 2 5.C
'■' .i2 52 5.5- 2
7 8 5.. Si. 5
9 0. J
18 56.2
li, \Vashinf;ton,
<J. Kcl>. iS, 1SS3.
, These ohser-
17 I valions };ive
I9 |tlif coireclion
I Id I'"iilicnicris
I S' ; hence
the I'ort Con
— fjer observa-
tions (,'iveA-r
i. 1)1. s.
4 18 46. I
an, 4 18 44.8
X from d 1
X from
(f 11
1882.
A, m.
s.
1882. //.
ni.
s.
Nov. 22
4 18
51.2
Feb. 4 4
18
58. 3
D-ic. 21
43.1
Nov. 24
'>i- 9
Dec. 23
$8.8
Nov. 29
63- 9
1883.
Dec. 26
48.8
Jan. 14
49-3
Dec. 27
47.2
Jan. 15
S:2
1883.
Feb. II
Jan. 23
qf). 2
Feb. 14
49-4
Ian. 24
59. 8
Feb. IS
S7-4
Jan. 25
lid. (1
Feb. 1 8
44.8
Mean
4 IS
50- 5
//. m. s.
Mence longitiule of I'ort Conner from se\
enleen
moon cubninal
ions
4 '8 54-3
With an
ip|)roxiin.ite probable
error 0. (>75 v/ \''
> « ( «
±1.2
The difference in the results for d I and d II is mainly due to ditTerence of personal ei|uation, and of irradiation fi)r the
two limbs (the ditTerence is about a ((uarter of a second). It was not found practicable to iiitroiluce special weigiUs to th;-
individual longitude results, the hypothesis of equal weights being considered safer.
! I
H !
U
iH
Ji
i'i i m
iui-
u! : ,?«
t !
i
'
502
THE LADY FltANKLIN HAY ILXPEDITION.
(C) Longitude by Means of Occult ations.
Three occultations were observed at Fort Conger, viz : Of '? Piscium, October 24, 1882, this being tmarked doubtful, and
hence received no further consideration ; oi the same star on January 14, 1883, and of £ Tauri on February 14, 1883.
these two dates we have the chronometer corrections from the transit observations and comparisons, as follows :
For
[1883. January 14. Fort Conger. Immersion of d Piscium by
sid. chronometer Frodsliam No. 2490, 4'' 09"' 38.16".]
From transit observations at o.s"", sid. time,
we have J 7'-
And the hourly rate
Hence, for time of immersion
And local sid. time of immersion
Hence, approximate local mean time
Approximate Greenwich mean time
A. in. s.
-f- 2 04 24. 36
,)r=+ 0.095
jJT—-\- 2 04 24.90
6 14 03. 06
10 37 09.65
14 56 03. .
(For notation, see Chauvenet, Vol. I, Art, 341.)
From the Berlin Jahrbuch we take
a'=: oh 42"! 37.49" or 10° 39' 22,35"
(('-_= + 6° ;6' 56.51"
And from the American Ephemeris, corrected : *
Greenwich
M.T.
A.
14
15
16
>7
Greenwich
M. T.
o / //
10 03 26. 10
'O 37 «7.8S
11 II 10.65
It 45 04.50
+7 34 02.3s
33-95
02.65
oS 28.35
S9 20. 22
«9-57
18.91
18.25
A.
•4
•S
16
17
— 0.60039
— o. 03466
+0.53107
+1.09672
+0. 56576
74
69
62
-fo. 62560
0. 81962
101357
1. 20741
+0. 19407
398
389
380
:\
t = 10'' 37'" 09. 65"
/ + u =14 56 03. I
/' =93° 30' 45-90"
« — a' = 82 51 23.55"
B— 88° 57' 28. 7"
f r^ + O. 14313
V =+0.97683
0 =81° 44'
p' = 8l 40
00"
43
To assumed 14. 95'>
.ro = — 0.06295
jo= + 0.80992
yJ/= 230° 59' 44"
N--= 71 04 24
^= 160 29 36
71
Sid. T. M. N.,
Reduction,
/'o
14
'9
m.
57
34
2
10
6
4
s.
00
26. 2
27.35
53.6
03.1
50.5
47.8
[1S83. February 14. F'ort Conger. Immei.-,ion of
sill, chronometer No. 198, llh 37™ 44.5".]
From transit observations at 4.1", sid. time, h.
we have for No. 2490 /}/'=+ 2
And per hour 6T= +
Chronometer comparisons, February 14 :
No. 124 (mean time) 12
And No. 124 (mean time) 12
No. 2490 (sid. time) 8
No. 198 (sid. time) 10
Interval between comparisons, in mean lime ^=
In sid. lime
DifTcrence of Nos. 2490 and 198
Hence, corrected difference
J 7' of No. 2490
2
2
+ 2
f Tauri by
m. s.
05 44.44
o. 144
16 58
18 01
38 3«-5
47 27
I 03.0
1 03. 16
08 55- 5
07 52-34
05 45.42
J7' of No. 198 — 206.92
Local sid. time of immersion . n 35 37-58
Approximate local mean time 13 55 58. 3
Approxiiiinte Greenwich mean time 18 14 51.8
n'= 4'' 21'" 48.84" or 65° 27' 12.60"
d'==+l8° 55' 08.14"
From /imerican Ephemeris, corrected : f
Greenwich
M. T.
A.
•7
18
'9
20
64 41 25.95
65 17 II. 10
65 52 55-50
66 28 39.30
o / //
+ 19 33 19.64
19 36 16.44
'9 39 05.94
19 41 48.34
57
57.16
55-58
53-99
52-38
Greenwich
M.T.
/i.
«7
18
19
20
— o. 74436
— o. 16304
+0. 41829
+0.99961
+0.58131
32
32
31
y
+0.66065
0.71029
0. 75984
0. 8093s
+0. 04970
59
52
5°
= 18
= «73'
:io8
/ =- 13'
fi
H — O':
B= 92° 39' 02.6"
f = + 0.13683
1 == + 0.94776
7*
Sid. T. M. N.,
Reduction,
Mq—M
r
S5"'58.3''
14 5>.8i
54' 23.7"
27 II. I
7n assumed 1 8. 2''
jro= — 0.04677
Jt'o =-- + 0.72021
A/= 218° 53' S3"
A ^ 8s
A.
18
21
m.
12
36
2
129
s.
00
39-4
59-4
07
34
01
15 51 jS.8
" 35 37-6
4 16 01.2
+ 3 04.2
4 19 02. 7 \ 4 19 05.4
Mean resulting longitude of Fort Conger, from observations of 2 occultations, ^^=41" 19"' o4.o".
*4- 03' ill a and — .35" in if, Greenwich observations for 1883.
t+.o;* in a anil —.46" in i. (ireunwicli ol>servations for 1883.
f^tmrnmrmmmfmrnm
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
503
i U7 52. 34
2 OS 45. 42
2 o6. 92
35 37- 58
55 58.3
14 51.8
ir
/ )/
57 57.16
55-58
53-99
52.38
>•'
-f-o. 04970
59
52
5°
(D) — LoNGiTUDK i!v Means uk Lunak Distances.
There are on record three observalioiis of distances between the moon and Jupiter luid one l)etween the moon and
Saturn, viz;
Sextant No, Sid. cliron. No. ;
Date.
j
5 and Jupiter
(I and "Jupiter
^ and Jupiter
d and Saturn
Dec. 2S,
Nov. 22,
Nov. 24,
Nov. 24,
1S81
18S2
1882
1882
1560
198
1475
lyS
1475
198
I47S
198
The record of the first measure is as follows:
CMironometer time. Observed distance.
Index correction + 8' 00"
Temp, of air - 40° Fah.
Pressure of air 30.0 inches
/(. m. s. 0 / //
6 05 IS-S 1 2S 56 30
08 20.0 1 SS 45
II 30-3 S3 05
IS 42.0 so 1°
17 42.5 48 IS
20 55.3 i 45 40
6 13 14-3 1 25 SI 34-2
Transit reductions for December 28, 1881, give approximately J T=: i'- 48"' 58.22* for chronometer No. 2490 at 21.4''
sid. time. The uncertainty in J Tis several seconds. The rate, about 3.0= daily losing, is also uncertain.
Comparisons ;
//. III. S. Il- III. -1-
No. I24(M.T.) 17 14 16.0 No. I24(M. T.) 17 17 59-5
No. 2490 (Sid. T.) 5 41 56 No. 198 (Sid. T.) n 57 09.0
Whence at time of observation J Tfor No. 198 -- —4 22 29. 3
Sid. time of observation W = I S" 45- °
Local mean time 7 = 7 20 27. 9
Applying the practically rigorous method of Chauvenet, Vol. I, Art. 250, no satisfactory result could be obtained. The
sextant may have been handled unskillfuUy or may have been out of adjustment.
The record of the second measure is as follows :
From transit observation on November 22, 1882, ^7'~ + 2i> 02>" 13.51' at 2.1" sid. time.
Daily rate of No. 2490, -\- 2.56*.
Chronometer time. Observed distance.
/;. m. s.
7 03 22. 3
OS 05.4
07 03. 8
(-5 43 50
43 00
42 40
7 OS 10.5
(^5 43 10
Index correction -f- 6' 30"
Temp, of air — 32. 4° Fah.
Pressure 30, 3 in.
Comparisons :
//. III. s. h. III. s.
No. 124 II 38 },i No. 124 II 39 17
No. 2490 2 33 35. 5 No. 198 9 09 21
Hence A 7' for No. 198 =-: -
Sid. lime of observation W
Local mean time 7'
4 32 47.6
2 32 22.9
: 10 24 29. I
Inspection showed that there was a misreading in the degrees of the distance; 35° in the place of 65° gave an approx
imate longitude result; but neither this supposition nor that of tfi^ proved satisfactory.
m
^"^'lil
w
ii'i
II
I ii
•I
ij
1
1
1>
■?[■■'
1/'
1;:
1
(
1,
!
m iMi-
504 ' THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
The record of the third case is as follows:
Krom transits on November 24, 1882, J T + 2'' 02"' 18.63", at 4.2'' sUI. time. Daily rate of No. 2490 -^ + 2.56'.
Rate of No. 198, nearly zero.
Chronometer time. Observed distance.i
h. III. s.
9 17 oo-S
IQ II. 8
24 oj. o
o / //
24 46 40
46 30
4S 40
Index correctioi'' + 6' 10"
Temp. —31° Kah.
Pressure 30.2 in.
20 ox. I
24 46 16. 7
Comparisons :
/;. m. s. h. HI. s.
No. 124 12 08 59 No. 124 12 10 41
No. 2490 3 II 55.5 No. 198 9 48 44
Hence JTfor No. 198 -- ~
Sid. time of observation 0 _
Local mean time T=
4 32 47-5
4 47 17-6
12 31 09.9
This case seems to be similar to the first; no satisfactory result could be deduced; the comparatively sinall distance is
also an unfavorable feature.
The fourth and last case had to be dismissed with the remark that the measured dista./ i -vas but 12° 09'; hence the
observation was unfit for the i)urpose of deducing the longitude.
Thus neither the chronometric method nor the method of lunar distances could add anything to the accuracy of the
result deduced from the series of moon culminations and occultations.
Hesiiltiug longitude of Fort Conger Station.
From 17 moon culminations .
//. ///. s. i.
. . 4 18 S4.3i'-2
K'om 2 occultations ....
64. 0
By combination, final result .
. . 4 iS 553i-i-2
or 64° 43' 50" ± 18" W. of Greenwich.
The probable error must be considered subject to an increase due to an unknown constant error peculiar to the method
used. For convenience of reference we add —
/;. III. s. 0,1,
Toleyrapliic longitude of VVashinjjton,* United States Naval Observatory . . . 5 08 12.04 or 77 03 00. 6 W.
Longitude of (liittingen o 39 46.24 9 56 33. 6 E.
Gottingen, east of Fort Conger 4 58 41.5 74 40 23
In connection with the results of the magnetic observations made by the ohicers of Her Majesty's Ship Discovery in
1875-76, Staff-Commander K. \V. Creak, Royal Navy, givest the longitude of the winter quarters of that ship 65° 3' W.
The ma]) facing page 87, Vol. I, T/inr Years of Arctic Scnncc, gives, on the authority of Lieutenant Archer, Royal Navy,
the longitude 64° 45' \V. This value was temporarily adopted by Lieutenant Greely while at Fort Conger; consequently the
times assigned by him for the Gottingen hours may be taken as correct within about four and one-half seconds.
* U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Report for 1884. Appendix No. II.
f Proceedings of the Royal Society, No. 196, 1879.
II
3 the method
RECORD AND RESULTS OF THE MAGNETIC OBSERVATIONS AT FORT CONGER, 1881 83. ABSOLUTE
AND RELATIVE OBSERVATIONS.
(i) MEASURES OF MAGNETIC DECLINATION.
The magnetometer by means of which the absolute and dififerential measures of the declination were observed was a new
instrument, known as Coast and Geodetic Survey No. 12, and made by Fauth & Co., of Washington, D. C. With the
exception of the measure of the coefficient of temperature of the intensity magnet, no instrumental constants were fully
determined at Washington, Sergeant Israel being obliged to devote tlie short remaining time to the practice of transits and
pendulum manipulation. The constants will be given in the place wliere they are reiiuired. When the instrument is used as
a declinometer the scale of the collimator magnet is read by means of a small (inverting or astronomical) telescope of 9"™
focal length and aperture of i^''". This telescope is firmly attached to the ])late supporting the bo.x with the suspended
magnet. The suspension tube is 20""' in height, and a single fiber of unspun cocoon suffices to bear the weight of the
magnet. Dimensions of magnets: Intensity, or long, magnet (used for declination), length 65""", outer diameter 8"""; short
magnet (suspended during observations of deflections), length 50""", diameter 8""". The scale of the declination magnet
extends nearly across the lens, and is marked with the numbers o, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, to be read as o, 10, 20, etc. ; tenths of divisions
are estimated. The scale is considered e.ect when the figures are below the scale and ap|)ear to increase from left to right,
and an increase of scale reading denotes a movement of the north end of the magnet towards the east. The angular value of
a scale division is given by the observer as 2.737'. There is apparently no record preserved, but I have verified this value.
When the scale of the long magnet is erect inereasing scale readings correspond to decreasing circle readings.
The following record contains all readings made by Sergeant Israel at Fort Conger for the determination of the magnetic
axis of the long magnet:
June 22, 1882.
August 2, 1882.
September 2, 1882.
M.
Scale.
Mean.
Alter-
nate
mean.
Axi.s.
M.
E....
I ....
E.....
I
E
I ....
E....
I
Scale.
Mean.
Alter-
nate
mean.
Axis.
M.
E.-..
I ....
E
I
E.-..
I ....
E ....
I
Scale.
Mean.
Alter-
nate
mean.
Axis.
E
I
E
I
E
I
E
I
E
Mean..
d.
10.9
16.2
12. 1
5-9
7-0
28.7
4-9
13- »
6.9
d.
27.2
28.3
23.8
56.0
29.0
32-9
18.0
43-9
23.2
d.
19.05
22. 25
17-95
30.9s
18.00
30.80
n-45
28.50
'5-oS
</.
18.50
26.60
17.97
30.88
14.72
29.65
13-25
d.
W.37
22.28
24.46
24.44
22. 76
20.5s
20.87
d d.
33- « 44- 0
0.0 3.5
34- 1 i 38- S
3-8! 8.9
25.0 39.0
8.2 ; 11. 0
30. I 1 43- 7
J.
38-55
36-30
6.35
32.00
9. 60
36. 90
37-43
4- OS
34-15
7. 98
34-45
./.
«9-59
20. 18
20. 25
19.99
22.02
d.
22.3
14.9
19.7
12.3
19.9
13-3
24.4
d
25.9
23.2
31-8
26.9
32.8
25.0
28.1
d.
24. 10
19.05
19.60
26.35
19.15
26.25
d.
24-93
19.33
26.05
19. 37
26.30
d.
21.99
23. 54
22.82
22.86
22.73
E. .
j
E
Mean.
1
1
22.25
i.. i !
20. ±1
Mean
j
22.59
September 1 6, 1882.
October 17, 1882.
December 5, 1882.
E
I
E
I
E
I
E
Mean..
19.0
20.3
14.6
15.0
17.8
17.8
18.0
25.2
25. 0
24-9
25.9
30.6
23-7
28.9
22. 10
22.65
«9-75
20.45
24. 20
20.7s
23-45
20.93
21-55
21.97
20. 60
23.83
21.79
20.65
21. 21
22. .',0
22.29
E....
I ....
E....
I
E....
I ....
h
Mean.
21. 1
25.9
21.9
19. 1
22.8
22. s
29.8
45- >
39-0
44.0
39-2
46.8
}8.o
39-8
33-10
32-45
32-95
29.15
34.80
30.25
34.80
33-03
30. 80
33-87
29. 70
34-80
32.74
31.88
3'-5'
32.25
32.52
E...,
I ....
E....
; I
E..,.
I .. .
E...
Mean.
20.0
37-3
18.2
23-9
28.0
30.6
27.8
26. 0
43.2
39-3
47.3
32. 9
41.4
36.9
23.00
40.2s
28.75
35-60
30.45
36. 00
32.35
25. 87
37.93
29.60
, 35. 80
31.40
33.06
ii- 34
32,60
33.12
i^- 70
21.67
32.18
33- 16
1
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ii!
111!
• ';
5U5
'
S»8
m
1?^
\\
'Ml
506
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EX ["EDITION.
|)ecenil>er 15, 1882
January 16, 1883.
February I, 1883.
Alter '
Mean. I nale Asis. .1 ,
Seal.
Mcai
February 15, 1883
E.
I I .
I E.
I .
E.
I .
E.
Mean.
23- >
22.0
4.4
25-3
19.1
26.8
22.3
25-8
44- I
40.7
46.7
25. 2
39.3
23.0
24.45
33.05
22.55
36. 00
22. 15
33.05
22. 65
J.
•1-
23-50
34-53
22.35
34- 53 1
22. 40
28.28
28. 54
39. 18
28.34
27-72
28.41
April I, 1883.
24.83
23-74
21.93
23. 99
27.02
24. 11
20. 4S
24.24
28. 55
24. 15
24- OS ,
Mean.
J.
20. 3
23.2
4.4
28.8
13.0
32-8
13-8
</.
28.9
43-8
33-5
46.8
21. 6
49-5
23-0
</. I
24. 60 I
33- 50
18.95
37.80
17.30
41. 15
18. 40
Alter-
iiate
mean,
,/.
21.78
35-65
18. 12
39-48
17.85
.\xis
</.
27.64
27.30
27.96
28.39
29.50
28.16
March I, 1883.
E..__
I ....
E ....
I ....
E....
I ...
E....
Mean. I
28.2
34-2
19.8
32-1
24.9
33-2
19.8
29-9
41.2
31.2
46.8
28.0
48. I
30-4
29.05
37-70
25-50
39- 45
26.45
40.65
25. 10
27.28
38. 58
25-97
40.05
25-78
32-49
32-04
32-71
33-25
33-21
March 15, 1883.
32-74
E...
I ....
E...
I ..^
E...
I ....
E....
Mean.
iS-9
18.9
17.40
24.0
38.0
3'- 40
16.32
10. 4
20. 1
'5- 25
32-03
25.2
40. I
32.65
17.90
18.2
22.9
20.55
28.17
23.0
24-4
23-70
21.92
29-7
16. 9
23-30
23.86
23.64
25.28
24.36
22.81
23-99
April IS, 1883.
Mean.
24.1
17.1
26. 2
9.1
19.0
13-6
27-7
28.9
25.0
32-9
26. 3
40. 6
23-7
36.1
26. 50
21.05
2C-55
i;.7o
2(1. 80
It. 65
31.90
28. 03
19-37
29.68
18. 18
30.85
24-54
24.46
23.69
23-99
24-75
24.29
E....
18.4
33-0
25-70
i
20.2
.35-8
28.00
25. 88
E
19-3
32-8
26.05
27.48
I
20. I
.U-8
26.95
25- 93
E
20.8
30.8
25.80
27-58
I
22. I
34-3
28.20
25.20
E....
20. 0
29.2
24.60
Mean.
26. 94
26. 76
26. 44
26. 69
26. 70
May I, 1883.
E.
I
E....
I
E....
I ....
E....
I
20. 2
33-1
24. 1
.30.5
20. o
31-1
20. 1
30. 2
45- o
3'-2
42.8
34-4
48. I
26. 3
25. 20
39-05
27.65
36.65
27. 20
39.60
23.20
26. 43
37-85
27- 43
38.12
25. 20
26. 71 Me.in.
I
32-74
32-75
32.04
32.66
32-40
32-52
May IS, 1883.
M.
Scale.
18.
28.
14-
33-
9-
30-
10.
Mean I i 26.90
24-9
38-6
25. o
42.8
'7-5
47.2
18.7
,, I Alternate . .
Mean. ^„„„ Axis.
mean.
21.65
33-40
19.65
38-25
•3- 55
38-70
14-35
20. 65
35-83
16. 60
38-47
13-95
27.02
27-74
27.42
26.01
26. 32
I
June IS, 1S83.
M.
Scale.
Mean,
lAltemate:
I mean. I
13-8
26. 7
15-9
36.1
10. o
41- 1
o. o
I
20.
44.
17-
44-
13-
49
6.
17.00
35-70
16.80
40. 20
11. 70
45. 10
3- 20
16.90
37-95
14.25
42.65
7-45
Mean
Axis.
26. 30
27- 38
27. 22
27. 18
26.28
26.87
July 5, 1883.
.\ut;ust S, 1S83
E..
I .
9. I
19. I
33-1
32. 2
21. 10
25-65
27.65
22-75
32- 55
21.85
27.70
24-37
24. 20
30. 10
22.30
30. 12
25.01
E
19.2
19.8
25.3
12.2
18.5
J8.i
25-7
39-8
3'- 5
?6. (,
25-92
26.42
27-42 ,
25. 98 !
I
E _
I...
E
Mean _
1
26. 15
Mean
25- 2.',
MMiiiifMil
183.
AUvr
iiale
inuan.
i/.
21. ■jS
35' 65
18.12
39- 48
17. 8S
Axis.
27.64
27-30
27.96
28.39
29.50
28. 16
16.32
23.86
32-03
23. 64
17.90
25.28
28.17 24.36
21.92
22.81
23-99
26.43
32.74
37-85
32.7s
27.43
32.04
38.12
32-66
25.20
32.40
32.52
TH13 LA.1)Y FRANKLIN HAY HXPKDITION.
507
It would appear that the variation in the position of tlie axis bears some remote relation to temprrature, /. e. the readings
for the axis appear smaller in summer than in winter. If this be so, the shifting might be explaine.l by th<: supposition of
unequal hardness or uneciual capacity for magnetism at different temperatures fcjr different parts of the m.ignet. In converting
scale-readings into absolute measure a simple interpolation gave the value for each intermediate day.
During the first ten months of the occupation of the station a series of hourly observations of the declination was made
on three days (generally the 20th, 21st, and 22(1) in each month. Table I presents this series, as computed by tlie observers,
since the original scale-readings were not brought home; it is stated that the results given were each the mean of the two
extreme readings of an oscillation of the magnet, and it was a matter of remark that the magnet never appeared to be at rest,
this extreme mobility being greatly facilitated by the small mass of the magnet. In order to extract some more information
from the table, I have completed a year's record by adding thereto the results for July and August, 1882, taken from the
regular or international series which commenced with August i, 1882, and ended with August 31, 1883.
The readings of the magnetic axis for these mon'.hs being known, and the readings of tiie mark, the azimuth circle, and
the scale (the mean of 5 readings) being given, the absolute declination is readily obtained.
To convert relative measures (or scale-readings) of the declination into absolute measure, let D = the west declination,
and
a = reading of axis of magnet.
s = reading of scale of magnet.
c = reading of circle of magnetometer.
m = reading of mark.
n = value of a scale division in minutes of arc = z'.yjy, then
D = 224" 44'.3 + ;« - <r + 2'.737 (a - j)
Hiiir %
[eniatei
lean.
6.90
7-95
4-25
2- 65
7-45
5.98
t- 12
5.17
^37
;.oo
26. 30
27- 38
27. 22
27. 18
26. 28
26. 87
25-79
25-56
24.41
24. 86
25-55
25- 23
\,t
h
508
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EVPKDITION.
Magnetic declination. Fort Conger, Lady IminkUn Bay, Grinnell Land,
[9?° west-)- lalHilar (juaiitity. Kiiluctioii to local mean timc= — 4'' 58.7"'. Maynclometcr No. la.] '
Day of
month.
(lottinR
•n hours.
8
1
■
2
3
4
5
0 /
6
7
0 /
9
10
_____
II
0 /
Noon.
0 /
'3
0 /
14
188
Sept.
1
net.
i
16
•7
18
[ 1
2U
21
22
»J
<9
20
2!
22
19
20
21
22
2.
«9
20
21
22
23
20
21
22
23
If
0 / ! 0 / 1 0 /
1
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
7 3"-9
7 34.6
7 55'8
8'4S9"
7 52.6
8 34.0
7 49- 5 7 «9- 2 1 7 04- 7
7 28. 3 . 7 23. 5 ! 7 24. ;
7 S3. 1 8 07,2 7 50...
8 ii-i 8 19. 3 8 n. 4
8 17.7 8 14.3 ! 7 3 ,9
8 22. 2 8 K.o 8 22. (
7 00. 8 r 29, ;
7 29, 2 ■ ;2, r
, 01 5'-'
•■• "I. 7
.V t,..., , f, ,s,5
7 -■ • , ■!•■ 0
8 ;:, -i
7 03.8
7 18,0
7 53-9
8 08.2
8 18.5
8 28. ?.
7 08. 3
: 27.7
7 43- S
8 13.0
8 19.9
8 43-4
7 40.5
7 56.5
7 ,,4-8
8 39-7
8 20.0
8 23. I
7 -M-.
7 28.3
7 502
8 18.9
8 20.0
S 30-3
7 50.8
7 23.2
7 58- 7
8 26.3
8 31.0
8 46.9
7 .J6.3
7 37-2
8 06. 6
8 55-6
8 49. 7
833.4
8 15.1
7 5'-7
8 06,9
8 33-8
849.6
8 42.6
8 29.0
7 39-8
8 06.2
8 46.9
8 37-7
845.2
Xov.
7 j2.9
7 46. I
9 3'-o
7'58-'7'
7 42-8
9 34- 7
7 52 6
7 Jj-o
9 3°- 9
7 45-2
746.8
9 29. 8
1 )ec.
7 57. 8 8 01.4 (. 57. () 8 18. 7 1 7 22.2
7 49.4 7 29.0 7 28.9 i 7 45.8 7 45.4
13 25.0 13 29. 8 13 26.3 9 21.2 ' 9 27.1
8 10.3
7 38.3
9 24-2
7 56.2
7 43- 5
9 32- 4
7 56.3
7 44-2
9 34- 7
7 56- 5
7 38-6
9 35- 4
7 49-8
7 36-8
9 38.4
188
Jan.
5 49-7 5 37-7 S 23.7 5 "25
7 26.4 7 07.8 6 34. 2 ! 7 00. 7
8 10. 2 8 09. I 8 03. 2 7 54. 3
5 04-4
'■> 23,4
7 45-3
3 53-9
6 ^8.8
7 58.6
3 54- 0
6 32.4
7 54-8
448.6
6 46. 5
7 44-8
4 32-8
6 39-8
7 43-5
4 43-8
6 ^8. 1
7 38-5
4 289
6 19.8
7 4'-9
4 24. 6*
6 3«-2
7 43-5
4 20.3
636.1
7 24.4
4 25.8
7 04-4
7 49- 0
8 12. 9 5 42.5 6 31. 1 7.0S. I
8 12. 1 8 10.8
7 20.4 7 14. 2 7 26. 9 6 51.6
6 59.4 7 00. 3 6 31.6 7 10.0
7 19. I 6 53.7
6 35. 9 6 46. 4
7 12.0 7 07.3
6 04.8
"7"28."5"
7 ",3
6 09. 1
7 00. 1
7 "7- 2
7 00-5
7 04.1
6 54-8
7 32-2
(5 20. 5
7 17-S
6 42.9
7 53-3
5 37-8
7 ■7-6
7 "-7
7 32-9
6 04. 6
7 '5-0
7 10. 6
7 52-5
6 09.6
7 S---0
7 47.0
S 44.7
7 48-4
Kel).
Mar,
.\pr.
May
8 05.9
8 56. 4
8 14.2
7 46.6 8 04.5 7 55.5
8 25,6 8 31.4 8 26,2
8 28. 0 7 57. 8 8 00. 7
7 19, C> 7 52. 2
8 17,8 8 32. I
S 36. 5 7 58. 1
8 18,2
8 36, 0
841-3
7 53-"
7 5<'-7
8 10.2
8 21.8
8 22. I
8 29,8
8 07. 2
8 29.6
838-3
8 II. 4
8 a- 1
8 54- 7
7 40.0
8 21.4
8 40. I
8 30.8
9 00.5
859-5
8 23.5
851.4
9 00. 0
.6
'7
18
<9
20
21
2?.
3 59-4
8 14. 3
8 08.5
4 02. 4 4 01 . 4 3 50. 8 3 00. 0 2 4S. 0)
809,4 803.9 816.8 815.4 ^05.1
8 13.0 8 16.0 ; 8 08.8 8 17.fi ; 8 06. 5
8 08. 9
8 n.4
8 12.0
8 01, I
8 24.0
7 58. 5
7 44-9
8 23.1
8 23.2
8 05, 3
8 21,3
8 27.5
7 59-4
8 34- 8
8 38.1
9 37-3
8 ii. 7
8 26. I
9 02.0
845.8
8 15.2
10 10.4
839-7
7 52-2
824.6 9 39-2 755.2,8451 7 44-9 7 4'- 8
9 II. 5 700,5 618.2 600,2 I j^, 6 5 41.8
756.2 7 3'-<' 703,0 7 45-9 (.56,0 657.5
3 24.9
4 53-7
6 54. 6
2 49. 8
6 13-3
7 16, 8
9 01.3
6 17-3
8 11,2
4 47- 9
7 00-7
7 42- 9
8 54. I : 6 01. 3
6 48.0 6 31.8
6 S3- 0 7 5-;)- 9
3 53-7
7 30. 5
7 52-5
...
7 59-9
6 37-2
8 25.1
19
20
21
'9
20
21
22
20
21
22
20
21
22
lal
H
III
lit..
"1
rbed
8 18,5 7 56. I 7 12.0 7 43-8
7 05,0 8 44. 8 7 30.0 1 6 57,9
7 27. 5 8 18.0 8 01. I 8 10, 5
9 25. 3 8 39. 9 8 26. 5 , 8 09. 3
9 51.(1 9 16.7 8 14. 7 8 04. I
7 14. I 9 28. 5 8 08.0 j 7 22.2
8 30,0 8 12.9 8 16. 6 1 8 01.8
8 19,9 7 31, I 8 15. I ! 8 01.6
9 34,0 8 46, I 8 39.0 8 18.0
8 02,3 8 15,7 7 23.6 7 42.5
8 24,3 8 05,4 8 07.9 8 30.6
9 08. 8 9 06, 3 7 46. I 6 49. 5
6 59,4 7 07.5
6 35. 4 S 10. 8
8 05 1 7 24. 2
6 42. 7
9 02. 8
8 05,5
8'o3.'5"
7 48- 9
7 58- 9
5 5'-7
8 26, 1
8 i>C.V
8 20.9
6 29. 6
7 45-3
6 i.\- 7
8 29. 6
.S"52."8
5 08. 9
7 36. 8
6 44- 7
8 5>-3
7 ■!'■■ I
8 10.3
8 14. 6
7 13-2
7 II. 6
() 5.S.0
8 ?(), 2
"8"39-'>'
8 04. I
7 54-3
857-4
8 01.4
5 08.0
8 35- I
8 42- 3
7 22,7
841-1
8 10. 0
7 54-9
7 57-9
5 38-7
8 14-7
7 05.4
9 23- 2
7 01-3
7 39-7
8 32.6
7 23,9
8 37-' 8 44.7
7 05-7 7 39-5
8 04, 8 7 04, 8
8 34- 8
7 43-3
7 45- I
7 49-5
7 .18.0
8 35-5
July
Aug
Anni
mean
L'slin
Umlisti
mean
8 08.0
8 13- •
6 50.6
8 27.4
7 32. 1
13.20.0
7 '5-4
8 09.7
6 22.6
7 54- 2
7 55-5
7 .>t- '
7 25.0
7 '8-5
828. 5
7 59- •
6 11,7
8 03.4
6 40. 7
9 12.8
9 '5-7
7 05,5
0 54,2
8 .i5- '
8 57- 5
7 .59-9
6 56. 9
805.5
8 27.9
7 45- 9
7 38. 7
6 30- 3
7 49- 2
851.2
7 12.9
7 19-3
8 04.6
8 21. 1
8 39- 8
7 35-6
6 44, 4
8 2(), J
S 48, 4
7 29- 7
9 24.3
847-6
833.8
8 30.9
8 26.6
7 24.9
8 18.7
8 43- 9
8 36. 8
8 17. I 8 10, I 751.2
35 36 36
i: 55-7 ±57-2 4- 55-0
± 83.6 ± 85.8 1- 82.5
32 I 32 1 ii
1 1
8 09. I 8 06. 7 ! 7 48. 4
7 43- (>
35
L 44. 5
J. 66.8
32
748.8
7 410
35
:-|: 64. 8
1- 97-2
3'
7 35-9
7 ,?o,4
:L 78- 5
30
7 40, I
7 28,5
35
1: 75-5
3'
7 44-3
7 32-4
36
1: 62,3
1; 93- 5
33
7 42-3
7 47-9
36
1 57-0
1. 85-5
7 58.6
7 42-0
36
1 55-7
L 83-6
3'
7 50-6
7 53-9
36
L 56.8
1. 85.2
33
8 00.0
7 47-0
36
-1, 56- 1
1 84,2
32
7 49.8
7 54-9
35
4: 57-3
L 85-9
32
8 06.0
8 12.4
35
4, 50. 6
1: 75-9
3'
8 16.2
TIIK LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXPKDITION.
509
!i'i
i{
'4
15 J 8 29.0
5I-7 7 39. 8
06. 9 8 06. 2
33-8
49.6
f2.6
56.5
8 46.9
8 37- 7
845.2
7 49-8
7 36.8
i54 9 38-4
>o. 3
;6. I
•4.4
4'2S-8
7 04-4
7 49- 0
25
9 6
7 47- 0"
S 4i-r
7 48.4
J
»• 8 i 7 49. 5
i- 3 ! 7 .18- o
i- ' I 8 35. 5
9 24- 3
847.6
833.8
8 30.9
8 26.6
4 7 24. 9
3 8 18. 7
4 1 8 43. 9
7 I 8 36. 8
•9
3
9
8 12.4
35
± 50.6
-1- 75.9
3«
0
8 16.2
Miignrtic (IfcUnatioit, Fort Coiii^er, Liidt/ I'^anklhi /fiiy, Griniicu [.and — Continued.
[92° west t tabular (luantity. Kediiction to locil nitan time —4'' 58.7'". M.iyiietometer No. 12.]
Cinttiiijjcn liours.
IS
8 45-
7 44.
8 07.
8 48.
8 40.
9 45-
16
0 /
'7
18
19
0 /
0 /
0 /
8 50.0
7 44.8
8 10.6
838.1
7 48. «
8 14.4
844.8
7 .?S.9
8 ii.5
8 52. 1
7 S*"'. 9
S 21.5
20
7 50.
8 00.
8 ,15. S
8 52.9
857.8
8 34- 1
8 43. 2
9 38.4
9 00. 8
9 35.3
9 «4.S
9 03. 7
9 40.2
9 16.4
8 24.9
7 46.5
7 S'-o
9 03.8
843.2
8 52.9
9 57. 9
8 03. 6 I 8 08. 9
7 35-9 7 34.6
9 35-8 9 32.5
8 27.3
8 19.4
9 29.9
7 59. 8 8 04. 3
8 29. I 1 2 44. 9
9 28. 5 9 08. 7
4 34
7 18
7 32
8 04.
7 44-
8 04.
5 22-3
7 09.3
7 49.0
4 48. I
7 39-8
7 Sf'.o
4 24.8
7 30.''
7 Sf*- 2
8 40. I
7 5'-6
8 02. I
8 45.0 8 59.7
6 39.8 7 16.3
7 30. 2 , 9 38. 3
<■' 32. 3
7 4S.I
7 27. S
4 57.5
6 40. 2
7 25.6
21
22
23
24
8 00. 5
7 28.7
8 05.2
7 40. 4 : 7 20. o 6 40. 3
7 42. 8 8 oi.o* 8 19. 3
7 55. 2 ^ 8 ofi. 7 7 S3. 6
8 44. 8 i 9 18.0 8 14. 7 8 23.8
9 54- 7 ; 8 4<'. 3 8 39. I 8 47. o
9 07. 6 j 9 03. 9 I 8 45. 6 8 47. I
8 01
12 4 '.
9 -P 7
7 44. 2 7 49. 5
X^ u 7 13 41.0
P 15 9 15.8
■ o
4!> ..
1. ;i
. 5
20. 7
3 52.3
f' 33.0
7 19-9
I
8 26.4 8 09. 3 I 8 03. 7 8 31.7
9 37-4 8 43.3 9 15. ,S ; 9 oS. 8
9 02. o I 9 02. 9 9 19. 2 ' 8 15.8
8 39.
851.
8 42.
I
8 55.2
8 SS-9
8 19. 1
7 44. 9
7 41. 1
837.2
8 23. ^
5 20. '■
7 49.
8 19.0
''■ 04. o
8 15.8 ' 8 30.6
5 35-5 S 25-4)
8 23. 7 7 2S. 8
7 S3. I
7 S5.6
«3 40.4
6 55.0
7 22.7
7 .W-o
8 S2.S
8 28.9
6 49. 5
.!.t.
7 57.5
8 36, o
8 29.0
8 10. 7
9 27.4
8 42.3
9 19. 4 i 9 54. 4 10 09. 3 8 23. o»
8 35. 4 i 8 29. 4 8 li. 6 9 09. 6
8 50. 5 I 8 20.5 8 21.7 8 08.7
II 58. 2 : 9 13.4 ;i2 39.7 13 55.5 12 29.3 12 53.0
(^ 50. 7 9 30-O ' 9 39- o >" ii- ~ 'o 'f). 3 'o 3f'. o
8 14. o I 9 02. 8 j 8 30. 7 ; 8 53. 7 j 8 55. 6 9 29. 9
8 19. 8 8 16.5 9 54.1 9 33.3 10 40.6 8 48. o
741.3 923.0 942.9 923. 5 1043. I 1024.8
825. 2; 904. o 8 38. 4 912.2,935.4,914.0
1 ■ '_ 1
8S7.
8 22.
II.
48.
03.
«s.
27,
851,
8 18,
9 S4.7
9 44.5
8
47.
9
9
21.
3
9 03.
I
7
1.S-
0
8
40
2
8
44.
2
8
5°.
I
10 12.3
10 29. o
10 18. 9
9 08. 8
10 45.8
8 II. 4
8 50.5
8 42.4
8 59. 8
10 47.5
10 16. 2
9 37-3
9 •7.0
8 27.4
■/ 32. I
843.2
9 04.9
9 08. 9
9 5 1 . f>
10 06. I
10 1(1.4
9 17.6
9 58.5
8 15.2
8 37. I
9 «2.4
, 9 01. I
9 53-9
9 39-4
10 28. 3
8 51.6
8 40 o
8 26.8
9 28.7
'o 32. 5
; 9 13.8
7 55-2
10 05. 2
852.5
8 10. 3 8 20. 9
9 32. 2 8 30. 7
8 27.0 8 i(). 9
7 57. 2 7 46.4
9 09. 4 1 8 07. 9
8 53- 5 i 8 04. 1
7 31.9
8 19.6
8 07.6
14 40. 5 lio oS. 8
II 15.9 10 05.5
9 09. 7 I 9 24. 7
10 3''. 3
10 02. 7
8 23.4
10 32.2 1 8 32.7
9 58.3*, 7 41-5
10 32. I I 9 20. 2
8 09. 3
7 20.7
10 48. o
7 53.8
8 24. 8
8 36.0
I (5 04.7
8 08. o
: 8 10. o
' 9 "-7
1 1 04. ()
9 47- 8
r8"37.'9
8 09. 7
8 06. 5
8 55-9
9 45-3
10 47. o
10 22. 9
9 23.8
7 50.0
8 59.5
58.2
8 14.9
!io 58.6
i 9 58.0
8 53.9
8 58. 4
8 16.8
7 08. 8
8 54.4
i 8 26. I
9 48.6
06.0
31.8
37
54.
J5
07
53
02
04
8
5«.
9
9
II.
I
8
26
2
9 04.5
9 00. 2
7 58.2
8 32.2
II 47-8
9 38.0
826.3 835.0
35 35
± 55-7 -k 48.2
±83.5 =t 72.3
31
8 27.0
3«
8 44. o
8 54.3
35
± 67.3
-J- 100. 9
32
8 59.2
35
± 65. 9
-t 98.8
9 02. 8 8 59.4
35 i 35
±64.7 ± 76.9
± 97-1 ±"5.3
32 1 31 ' 31
8 S1.4 I 8 55. 1 i 8 54.6 8 56.9
9 07.3 8 37.3 8 30.9 S 40.8
35 35 35 35
± 95.4 ± 74.7 rt 78.9 ± 64. 9
±143- « :±"2. I Jr"8. 3 ± 97-3
32
8 58.2
3« ] 30 30
8 37.6 8 16.0 I 8 27. I
.Sept. 16
'7!
»9l
( )ct. 20 I
21
22
23
Nov. 19
20
21
22
Dec. 19
20
21
22
18S2. j
Jan. 19
20 I
21
22
23
Feb. 20
21
22
23
Mar. 15
16
'7
18
Apr. 19
20
21
22
May 18
19
20
21
June 19
20
21
22
July 20
21
22
Aug. 20
21
22
Menu.
8° 13'. 6
' 33. 3
8 14.4
I :■<!;, O'' j
mi.' -h.
Remarks.
Mis.sed v.iliie at 22'' on account of in-
ten)-ily oliservalions; tabular value
iiUeriiolalod (by observer).
liroken liber delayed bejjinning of ob-
servations.
Missed value at noon, cause uncertain; j
value interpolateil (by observer).
Hreaks caused by broken Hber. Ob-
servations between parenthesis (lo''
to J4I1) atTected by torsion, not in-
cbuleil in means.
S JiTie remark as above affecting observa-
tions o'' lo 7''.
bserv;
late.
( )bservation marked * made 8 minutes
late.
A.\i.s (if magnet 22.2 divisions, by ob- j
scrvation. i
Interpolated reading of axis 20.9 divis-
ions.
Interpolated reading of axis 21.7 divis-
ions.
'A
:ifil
;"■'!! J
lllii
il
:;^/%^ii>'
I'l '^'i
I !
1 t I
t!i
510
TUE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
The annual means for each hour of the day given at the close of the preceding table include the disturbances ; they give
for the resulting declination for the year ending August, 1882, tiie value 100° 13.6' west (259° 46.4' east). The line marked
// contains the number of observations at each hour, and the line marked w the mean deviation (or mean error) of these indi-
vidual values from the hourly mean. It was introduced for the ])ur|)ose of a[)|)lying Lloyd's rule of sejjarating disturbed from
undisturbed values. It is readily obtained, without the labor of scjuaring the separate values, by the e.xpression
'•253
where \v is the sum of the differences without regard to sign. In the present application this nearly equals ,_' \v.
Lloyd's limit, i ' j w, is next given ; its average value for all hours is ± 1° 33'. This limit throws out 90 observations, leaving «i
undisturbed values, whence the resulting new means which constitute the regular solar diurnal variation. With the larger dis-
turbances iluis thrown out, the declination becomes 100° 14.4' west (259° 45. fj' east), differing but 0.8' from the first or general
value. The whole number of observations is 846; hence the above limit would mark out as a disturbed value 1 in every 9.4 .
In the following table we present the diurnal variation during tiie year ending August, 1882,* including all observed values
of the declination, as well as after exclusion of the larger disturbances.
Soliir (iinnhil vtirhition of the iiux;^iictic di'iiiiiatioH at Foit Conifer, for the year ending August, 1882.
[A |ilu!i sign indicates dcQuc tiun i>( the north end uf the magnet to the east ; a minus sign the ci>ntrary direction.]
Solar iliurnal .arialion —
Solar diurnal variation-
Mean time,
Loc.il mean
time, Fort Con-
Mean lime.
Local mean
time. Fort Con-
Large
disturbances
Gattingen.
ger.
Kroni all ob-
Large
(Jiittingen.
ger.
From all ob-
servations.
omitted.
Hours.
servations.
omitted.
Hours.
/;. m.
/
/
h. m.
/
/
I
20 01.2
- 3.5
+ 5-3
13
8 01.2
418.7
-f 8.4
2
21 01.2
+ 3-5
+ 7-7
14
9 01.2
+ 1.2
— 1.8
3
22 01. 2
+22.4
+ 26.0
>S
10 CI. 2
-12.7
— 12.6
4
23 01.2
-fjo.o
-f2S6
lO
II 01.2
-21.4
— 29.6
S
0 01. 2
-I-J2.6
+38- 5 .
17
Noon -f 01. 2
-40.7
-37- 0
6
I 01. 2
+43- 2
+34.3
18
13 01.2
— 4S-6
—40.7
7
2 01. 2
+45- I
+3°- 1
19
14 01.2
—49.2
—40.2
8
3 01.2
-1-41.2
-f32-'
20
15 01.2
-45. 8
-42. S
9
4 01. 2
+2S-7
+ 15.8
21
16 01.2
-53-7
-43.8
10
S oi- 2
-i-3i-6
+ 23- 8
22
17 01.2
-23- 7
-23.2
II
6 01. 2
+ 19-7
-f' 4.4
23
18 01.2
-•7-3
— 1.6
Noon.
7 01. 2
-t-2b.6
-f24.6
Midnight.
19 01.2
-27.2
-12.7
These numbers are laid down in the accom|)anying diagram, .lUd it will be noticed that the exclusion of the larger disturbances
had bill little ctfect on the character of the curve beyond sligiitly decreasing the diurnal range.
On tiic yearly average the extreme west deflection was reached between 3'' and 4'' p. m. (local time); amount, about 45';
and the extreme cast deflection was reached between o''and 2'' a. m. (local time); amount, about 40'; hence the whole diurnal
ran;^e reached about 1° 25'. The average declination of the day was attained at 9 a. m. and at 8 p. m. Comparing these results
with those derived from the observations of the British expedition under Captdin Nares,t it would seem that the hour of westerly
extreme is subject to considerable fluctuation during the year, being much earlier (before noon) in the winter half of the year.
The lime of the easterly extreme is also subject to great fluctuation-;, [lointiiig to midnight as the average time during the colder
'lalf of the year. .\t Discovery Bay, in i875-'76, the mean daily range (October to March) was 1° 28', or about the same as
found in i88i-'82. The extreme declinations observed were: Oreatest west declination, 105" 55.5', on April 20, 1882, at i''p. m.
(Fort Conger time), and least west declination 94" 49.8', on the same ilay, at 3'' a. m. (Fort Conger time); extreme range, 1 1° 5.7'.
The average declination from absolute and differential measures tluring the six months, October, 1875, to March, 1876,
at the winter <iuarters observatory, was 101° 47.5' west, and the average value during the first year's occupation of Fort Congen
Septendjer, 1881 , to September, 1882, was 100° 13,6' west; hence the apparent annual decrease of west declination (or increase
of cast declination) is 14.7' .
It would not l)e advantageous to pursue the discussion of the first year's observations any further in view of the fact that
the second year's work aflbrtls a far richer material for tiiis |)uri)ose.
•.\t this time the range of this variation wa.s probably near its fullest development, since, according to Herr R. Wolf, the maximum sun-spot
activity took place in November, 1S83, and, according to Signor 1'. Tachini, in February, 1SS4 (Nature, No. 870).
t " < >n tlie Results of the Magnelical Oliservations made by the Officers of the Arctic Expedition, 1875-76." By Staflf-Commander E. W. Creak,
R. N.— Proceedings of the Royal Society, No. 196, 1879.
■J
they give
le marked
tlioc indi-
rbed from
f.i\ ing //,
irj^cr dis-
r {,'»-• n era 1
rv 9.4 .
'ed values
DiURNAi. Variation of thk Magnei
GiuNNF.LL Land, from Sk
«)'9SgO«l40aSB03830IS10S 1
Went,
■
c Dkci.ination at Fori Conner,
•r., 1881, 11) Sti'T.,1882.
8 10 IS 30 3s 80 as 40 49 bo'
Xati
1
2
3
4
9
e
7
8
»
10
11
Koon
1 ;:
1 IS
. n
1 18
^ i»
1 ^
21
22
23
Uldn'l
/..
/'
■-.
•
^
^
■\
s,
^
P"
<.
<;■
-^
^',
M*
<"
f^-
(?••'
^
■■.■'
^
.■■\
/
\
/
I
^^
r-
---
?•
■■
\,
->
>,
1.
'' — ,
>v
diiiriinl vnrintinn iminrr nil vnliiRQ
""
tt
ifte
rex
clui
iion
of(
he
arg
'er
iist
urb
anc
es.
•!i!
in
It'
■■I
TUE LADY FKANKLLN UAV KXl'EDiTlON.
511
SERIES OF HOURLY DKCLINATIONS AT FORT CONGER HETWEEN JULY i, 1882, AND AUGUST i, 1883.
This series comprises, or inrliides, ilie intcrv;!! during which corresponding; ohserviitions were to l)e collated at the several
international polar stations, and it has therefore been \)\H in the shape desired by the C^oniniission. The table K'ves for every
hour the number of minutes (of arc) to be added to 34^)° in order to obtain the <uts/ declination observed at that hour. In tho
conversion of the differential readings into absolute measure no notice was taken of the two preceding and the two followinj;
readings about each h')ur; but the reading af the exact hour was adopted as the only one fit for absolute comparison. 'I'hu'
readings 2 and 1 minutes before and after the full hour, however, serve to indicate the character of the motion of the north
end of the needle it that time, and the sig'is adopted for this feature have been added to the table.
The conversion of scale readings into values of ens/ declination was aflected by the expression
D=«3S° 'S-7'+^— '«+2-737' (^-'')-
The tabular results, expressed in minutes, give the excess of the observed east declination over 246°, and are f^und by
Dt=249° i5.7'+r-///4-2.737' (s-a).
rhe tabular values being all positive no sign is attached to them; the tenths of minutes have no real value, but were carried
in the com|)Utatioii to secure the nearest whole minute, as near as may be.
This laborious work, of converting into absolute measure, has been performed by Mr. Alexander Ziwet, of the Computing
Division, and was revised by other occasional aid.* The same remark applies to the term-day and the term-hour observa-
tions, and the additional disturbance observations during extraordinary auroral displays.
No special record was made respecting the cliaracter of the motion of the needle about the time of observation, and it
was generally found unsatisfactory to give an interpretation to the five observations symmetrically grouped about the full hour.
In cases where the motion consisted of a regular progression, either increasing or decreasing, as well as in the case of a sta
tionary condition, the fact could be readily indicated, and this was accordingly done by affixing the signs t, | or s to theF«*
tabular values. The absence of a sign will thus indicate more or less irregular motion.
*For the greater part by Mr. J. B. Uoutelle.
il
512
THE LADY FltA.NKUN BAY EXPEDITION.
Magnetic decluiation^ Fort Conger, yiily, 1882.
246° ea.st, '\- niimites of table. t'> -f- 81° 44' 00"
§
6
o
GiUtingcii hours.
820. 2t
S44- 3
SS7- n
737-3
909. 5
850.0
700. If ^08. <)\
816. 9t
814. I
809.0
809.0
764. 71
Si J- J
8ji.it
859.4
830. 0
SS6. 4
722. I
707.2
819. 2
782. ot
822. 7
S>5-3+
701. 7t
837-1
795- St
757- 9t
78>.5
8,,o. 7
I ' 831.4 j 820.5
2 ' 903-4.4 927-9
3 '833.5 S43.9
4 --
5 -
6 ..
7 --
8 ..
9 -
10 _-
11 ..
12 ..
13 --
14 - 797-0 834.9
15 785-2 805.4
16 774- 4t 733
17 ! 840 84. 754
18 J 798.5 096
19 ' 74f'-8t 787
20 783. 71 811
21 778. if ■ 822. 9t
22 775- U ' 747-3+
23 842.8 I 851.0.1.
24 _ 802. 3j. I 762. 3
25 _ 8i2.()t I 804. 7
26 827. 9t 813. 3
27 ' 786.0 792. 2
28 786. I 816.2
29 810.6 807.8
30 803. 2t 803.8
31 , 863.8 j 9J2-7J-
Mean I 797. I I 810. l
853-1
948.9
842. 7
857
830
816
809
8ji
SS6
819
815
795
830
8oi>
818
759
773-34-
'H<}- 5
S77. 2
826. 1
846. 4
795-4
885- c|
822. i\.
869. 2
790- St
814. 0I
797-'
808.5
809.3
1040. 7
I
874.6
904. I
813. I
865. 34
845. 2
903. 84.
805.5
82:. 64.
856.3
844.2
8o<^. 3t
777- 8t
845, 6
798. 4
804.4
815 ot
898. 5
'850. 34
851. 6t
823- S4.
826. I
799- ''t
906. o
83S. 9t
912.8
804. It
797-3
804.7
830. ot
799- 14
833- 54
910. I
928.7
797.8
840. 2
904- J
843- 2t
821.2
847. 2t
856. 6
809. 5t
837-5
, 839-0
I 884. 9
I 814.9
812. 2
8j8. 8j
j S79. r
1 75I), 2
! 821.6
! S58. 8
838. I
I S22. I
I S44.S
1 804. 5t
848. 44
794- 84
813 5
830. 6
S02. I
834- 3t
793- 8t
5
6
/
/
914.6
928. 6
952-7=
935-74 !
77'-2t
764. I ;
855- "4
8':.. 8t
806. 3
877-7
930 5
887. 84
822. 44
832. 0
852.6
871.14
890, 7
883. I
8(,9. 2
750- 74
:87-i
850. 1
837- 34
807. 2
810. 2
842. 2t
804. 4t
797- 7
91 1. I
810.04.
8..8. 9t
521.84
891. 1
846. It
.S04. 8
Soy 5
827.9
833-4
852- 5t
857- 9t
848. 4t
8 jO. o
822. 4
S38. I
818. ot
815.7
8 1 4- .it
929- It
844. 5
910. It
874- 8t
884. 1
904. I
945-4
847-3
847- 74
857- 7
828. I
7 93- 54
902. 5t
87s- 3
844- 5t
800. 94.
S28. 64
781. 4t
807.7
903- 4
944- 1
759- 7
880. 7 ^
969. o
811,84.
848.7
8!o.3t
847.9
S21. 1
914.9
813.9
855-04
820.8
825.7
816.2
802. 54
822 4
827. 9t
890. 6
889. 4
820.6
888. u
909- 84
931- 7
934- 1"
809. I
814.4
870. 7
907.4+
780. 7
771'- 44
874. 6
8f>3- 3
842. ot
837- ot
823. 6t
803.5
793-5
819-7
902. 9
822. 4t
807. o
916. 7
787.0
861.11
863. 4t
826. It
882. 8
818.5
839- 7
810.7
794- 7
899. 6
875-3
/
873-1
950.2
772.24.
73'- 2t
894-5
820. 5t
850. 84
794-8
912.7
806. \
828.9
849- 94
S77- 14
812.24.
794- 9
758.64.
842.3
819.6^
849- 5
801.5
840.7
<oi3-3
854- 4t
835 -8
829. 2
823-7
834- 5
784. 64
803. o
857- I
1020. 4
953- 5
911. 6
784.4
6q2. ot
879.7
817-3
860. 9
890. 1
868. 4
7<'4- 94
79S. o
820. 7
854-9
S21. 5
807. 1
726. 7
866. 1
785- 24
808. 74.
894- 34
758-7
906-5
805. 4t
810.0
880. 8
842.0
841. 1
801. 3t
807- 54
770. 3t
9f'5- 5
953- >
958- 3
826.7
812.34
898.3
824- 6t
891.8
824- 3
884. 8
742- 44
803.9
880.8
832.2
802. 4t
827. 6
838. 74
903-7
775-4
798- 8t
761.4
898.9
908.7
939- 84
837-04
872- 14
850. 1
856. 2t
800. I
848.0
780.7
812.0
Noon.
944.0
921. o
835.45
871.5
870.6
754- f'
863. 6
727. 8t
846.5
766. ot
816.8
777- 24
794- 3
778-0
795- 8
891. 1
773-74
808. 64.
816. It
854.0
864. ot
930- 9
866. n
822.2
867. n
808. 4
841.8
839. 6t
856.8+
819. It
638.8
<3
926. 6
971-14
822.5
743-9
832-7
790.6
809- 34
758-2
809, 24.
847-2
767. 7
807.0
809. 9
796- 8|
800. 3
789- 4
802. o
841. I
812. I
799. o
864. 4
912. 6
86... 74
818.6
827.2
814.3
828.3
836. 6j
831.64
802. 7t
603.0
836.0 I 837.4 1837.1 I 835.2 {852.6 1854.0 i 845.0 1843.5 1832.1 1846.6 827.2 1817.4
'At jsa".
"Doubtful.
! 1
I I
TUE LADY niANKLlX BAY EXrEDiTlON.
513
i- '9
II m
/
o
926. 6
o
971-4
42
822.5
5
743.9
6
832-7
6
790.6
6
809. Si-
8t
7S8.2
5
809. 24.
of
847.2
8
767.7
2-I-
807.0
3
809.9
o
796. 8j
8
800.3
I
789. 4
71
802.0
C4
841. I
It
812. I
0
799- 0
of
864.4
9
912.6
7+
80.!. 7+
2
818.6
7.1.
827.2
4
814.3
8
828.3
■•'t
836. 64.
^+
831. 6|
>t
802. 7t
i
603.0
2
8.7.4
Magnetic declination, Fort Conger, yuly, 1882 — Continued.
A = — 64° 43' 50" — — 4'' 18"' 55.3" from Greenwich (or 4I1 5S'" 41.5" west of tiottingen). Magnetometer No. 12.
H. Mia, 393, pt 2 33
GOttingen hours.
s
0
■h
t.*
w
.5
a
0
14
'5
16
'7
iS
19
20
2.
2 -
23
Si
0
/
3
/
^
a
f
/
/
/
/
/
1
/
/
/
d.
1
925.0
903,2
878.6
876.9
879.4
8^^5. 7
853.6
890. 6
912.0
926.3
897.1
953-5
820.5
133.0
2.. 8
1
921-94.
928- 9
S64. 7
844- 0=
748. 64.
8:9. 5t
804. 04
890. .f
941.7
938. 64
908.2
971-1
748.6
222.5
2.. 8
2
796. 2t
800. 1
799- 7
793- 24
801.4
8/5- 04
853. 7
884. .
8..;. 24
855. 0
8.8.2
884. I
764.1
220. 0
21.7
3 !
788.0
738- 1
62()- 04
631.84
1.59. 6
800. 34.
790. 64
738. 74
82. -hi
826. 5
787-8
882. S
62(). 0
256, 8
21.7
4
811. 9
738. 9
724. 9
716- 5t
709. I
701.84
684. 54
766. 3
764- 84
846.8
8.4.4
909- 5
6S4. 5
225.0
21.1)
s
801.54
807. SJ.
7'55
772- 34
729.22
7 '8. 54
()60. 9t
697. St
715-04
694. 6
792. 9
930. 5
66f). ()
263. 6
21.6
6
782.0
746. 7
703. 6
684-2
604. 0
7Ji-7t
76.. 6
708. 3t
772-4
8,;i. I
787. 5
891,8
604.0
2S7. 8
21.5
7
700. 34
721-04.
730. 9
707- 4t
748.7
698. 0
745-3
68).o
790. 04
737- 7
775-4
S90. I
683.0
206. 9
21,5
8
791-9
743- ^'4
f'9S- 3
(>70. 6
6S5. 04
700.8
705.2
729- 64
737-9
726. 2
8o(.. .
912.7
670. 6
242. .
21,4
9
769.9
704. 04.
6SS. 2
720. 3t
740.5
769.6
741-4
766. .t
816. 7+
796. I
776. 7
875- 3
688. 2
.87. .
21,4
.0
1 7>5-4
732- 3
774-84
7()S. 0
756.04
697. 3
702. 6
760. 7
729- 3
765.0
783- 0
844- 5
697. 3
147-2
21-3
.1
■ 760. 9t
735- 8
7.iO- 4
724. It
70S. of
701.4
695. 6
0S..7t
786, 8
783- I
779. 4
8S0.8
681.7
199- 1
21-3
12
, 787- 74
75«-3
788- 5t
749- 4
7<>7- ('
748. 9
735- 5t
695.44
704- 5t
752.5
794- 9
884. 9
695.4
189- 5
21.3
'■' i
798- 5
799- 7t
756. 04
701). 2
729-8
7.6. r
726. .
781.7
7S..St
769- 7
787- ''>
834-9
716.5
1.8.4
21. 2
14 '
766. 3
757-"
743- 9
734- 0
754. 0
747 9
752. I
707. 9
772.3
776. 5
785-4
827.6
7.54- 0
93-6
21. 2
15
S50. 7
824-5
75'- 't
727-44
"54- 74
733- 9
639. 3t
719-04
7()(). 2
838. ot
784- 6
903- 4
639- 3
264. 1
2.. .
.(>
758.8
749- '
723- of
73'>- 84
673- 54
7.8.6
806.0
84S- 7
742. 9t
762. 0
809. 7
944- 1
673-5
270. 6
21. I
17
814.04
791-7
728.8
710.4
72.-44
733. f'4
676. 3
632-7
63.. .
71S.0
76s. 5
859. 5
631.1
22S. 4
21. 0
.8
817.0
778.0
782. 9
791- 7t
781-7
794- 74
768.2
790. 84
805.94
71.8. 24
8.i 0
9... .
746. 8
164- 3
2..0
19
! 809. 4t
787,0
759- of
771-ot
763-5
762. of
788.5
696. 7t
779- 2
786. It
S12. 2
()69. 0
696. 7
272- 3
2.. 0
20
' 812. 9t
776. 24
77''- 5
f>73- 2
8.1-3
720.0
794- 24
750. 8t
824. 44 767. 04
80S. 2
S98. ()
673- 2
225.7
20. 9
2.
873-44
888.4
887.2
838. I
868. 5t
S23. 04
813-14
848.1
8S9. 4
894. 0
846. 8
1013-3
521.8
491-5
20.9
22
; S42.O
827- 24
845- 3
830.2
812. 3t
8.1.04.
770- 3t
754-5
805.4
854- It
847. .
939- 8
754-5
185- 3
20. 9
23
i 819. 5t
800-6
77.5- 8t
775-6
738. 6
6119. 9
730. 4
709. 6
826. 2t
79 1. 7
83S. <)
699- 9
139.0
20.8
24
] 801.4
800. 04
786. 3+
770- 54
756.4
733- 5
705- 9t
704. ot
75'- 6t
793- 8t
8 "3- 3
91 2. S
704. 0
208. 8
20.8
25
803. 04
787- 7
765- 9
726. 6
724.0
7.9. ()
71.. 5
759- 2
736. I
734. s=
787- 8
850. I
711-S
. i8. 6
20.7
26
j 819.0
804. 74
772- I
770. ,S
770. 3
763. 8t
727-4
748- ot
746. 5t
7rS. I
798.4
856. 2
727-4
.28.8
20. 7
27
834- 94
818. If
838. 51-
8 jo. 2
839. 9
823. 8t
787. 3t
S06. .
S.4.9
S.Sj.o
8.9. 0
SSj.o
7-'^4. 6
98.4
20. ()
28
S07. 2
796. 2
799. 6
823- 94
74"- 44
736.7
746. 4
715 2t
7(>S. 6
783. 5t
800. 0
852. 5
7.5.2
137-3
20. 6
29
790. 74
77S- 24
767.0
745-2
72(>. 0
626. 54
680- 8
651.4
()So. 74
757-6
784.0
S99. 6
626. 5
273- 1
20,5
30
i 7>>-6
f'35- 3
754- 54
652.2
667. 2t
663. 2
637-8
672. 2t
61(1.(4
()66. 14
778. 5
1040. 7
603.0
437- 7
20.5
31
802.7
782.2
765.6
752-8
744-2
747.6
74.-0
750.6
771-9
793. 5
805. I
854-0
741.0
113. 0
!ji
lii
il^
If"
'! ■ fm
514
THE LADV KliANKLIX T.AY KXPEDIT ON.
Ma^iii-tic ikiliiuitwii. Fori Coii^cr^ Aiii;iisf, 1882.
246° east, + minutes of talile. '!' — -\- 81° 44' 00"
1 ...
2 ...
3 -■
4--
5--
6 ...
7 --.
8 _..
9--
10 ..
11 ...
12 ...
13 ...
14 _
'S --■
16 ..
17 --.
18 ...
19...
20 ...
21 ...
22 ..,
23--.
24...
25--.
26..,
27--.
z8...
29...
30...
31 --
Mean
(.Joltinge
11 hours.
8
9
10
1
0
/
I
/
2
/
3
/
4
S
/
6
7
II
/
Niioii.
13
/
/
/
/
/
/
773- 7
799- 9
859. 6
858. 24.
859- 5
891. 0
933- 6
932. s
909.2
905.1
937- 9
865. 9
873-4
813.4
J<58. 4t
836.9
850.7
808.8
S60. 9
870.2
847. 6
868. 5
801. I
791- I
796. 8+
S46. 34
845. 9;
752.2
cSoij. ()t
S12.3I
820.44
808. 5t
852. 8
809.7
835- 64
S 1 2 . 0
846.3
764. 9t
848.0
706. 8
788.9
77'. 2t 1
813-81
82,,.
S19. 0
824. 7-1-
822. 9t
815- "t
826. 74
844. 74-
865. 4t
927. 1 i-
885.14
866. 4
817.14
725-24
638. 3
805. 5
799.8
756.0
915- U
949-4
871. 7t
839- 7
817. It
85 8. 2
813-3
871.14
817. ot
796. 74
806. ?
S18.9
815.6
779-5
817.0
809. 4t
827. 9t
833- 64.
783. ot
858. 9
851.8
850.44
834- 4t
760.7 1
771.84.
808. 0
809.4
779- U
S.?3- 0
865. I
920. 7
859- 7
872. 5
865. ot
920. 8
879. 64
848.7
829. 5tl
830. 4t
835-6
324.3
823- 9J-
850.2
911. 4
863. 9
8(19. 1
800.6
824.6
868. 64
885.2
853- 3
838 7
80^.6
861. 9t
825. It
816.5
860. 7
864. I
881. 3t
880. 0
802. 74
862. 9
849.0
834- 5
797-5
796. 6t
S42. 7
827.2;
832. of
832. 6
809 6
917.6
919. \
017. 6t
904. 94
879. 2t
858.84.
762.44
912.7
S11.84
809. 3
807. 2
956. 64
899. 44.
016.0
864. 04
841.3
827. 3
840.3
829. 2
827.0
860. 5
824. 64
834. 5
842. 9t
81S. 3
851. 7t
903-6
871.4
885. 6t
911-3
81)0. 0
891. 0
893- 24
950, 2t
901.4
834. 6
(.84. 6t
81C.4
798. 6t
792. 9
815.14.
809. I
842.3
886. 7t
834. 3
771-7
757-9
855. 7
742.4
826. 5
883. 0
S04. o\.
795- It
762.4
S07. 7t
827. 5t
836. 84
862. 0
774. 84
809. 8
S.).o. 2
880. 2
858. I
865.5
829. 3
770.0
83'-7
881.7
893-3
866. 5
S69. 2
853. 5
845. 9
8 50. 0
795- 3
775-7
797-8
804.6
796. 4
804. ot
807.04.
Sii.jf
803. 5
821. It
869. 7
807. 0
825. 74
761.24
859. 84.
918. I
772. 8t
750. 7t
S90. 7
797- 3+
846- S-l-
824. 6-j-
869. 7j
838. 8t
906. 14
910.24
783. 2
790. 4
773-4
892. 64
846. 2t
748. 14
790. 5
799- 8
833- 4
882.3
863. 4t
892. 7t
878.2
857-4
S80. It
859-7
854- It
829.2
850. 04.
895. 5
851.7
844.0
Soo. 5t
S92. i\.
856.2
887. 6i
873- 5
932- 44
865. 7
881.7
872.4
857-04
875-0
852-44
Si7.6t
833- H
835-04
824. 94
874- 9t
859- 2t
8S5.8
8i2.ot
S20. 8t
830- 24
800.3
860. It
799. I
S40. 8t
811. 5
797- 5t
819.3
831.8
832- s
808. S
831. I
839- 7
81S. 8t
825. 2C
798-9
804. 34
782. I
790. 0
792. 14
608. 0
771. of
774- It
851.4
912. I
936. 74
948. 0
929- 54
888. 5
875.9
875- 5t
850. 0
880. 54
870. 14
Soi. 7
795- 3+
836- 5
832- 9t
821.3
811. It
815. 7t
822. 0
830. 44
834- 14
793-2
752.8
758. 7t
769. 9t
S02.0
822.94.
81 V 8
829.5
804. 54
817.2
797- 6
797- 9t
831. 2t
778.44
781.9
792.2
82 5. 6
796. 8
824.5
796. It
78^.9
812.2
837- 5
808. ot
806.8
S29. 84.
789- 44
783. 74
767- 3
775-7
816.0
812.0
752.2
789. I
801.54
833- n
827. I
794- 7
817.7
795- 3t
796- 5
805.0
794- ot
806.2
797. 6t
805.0
810. 5t
805. 71
807.4
820. 64.
S34- 7t
823.7
848. 7
800 24.
867. 0
855.2
837- I
797-8
844. 4
779-5
781. 5t
866. 5
814-3
85 2- 14
813-4
804.0
808. 5
706. 2Z
907- 8t
836.1
842. It
779- 9t
800.0
824. ot
830. 7+
812.2
796- 4-i
798- 2t
833-44
799- 64
821.8
S58. 3
S62. 9
845.8
823.9
852. !
847. 84
817. It
,838.8
S59. 2t
831- 8|
875-04.
835.0
821. 4t 851. 6t
850.0
867, 24
774-9
773- 64
8"24- 7
820. 44
777.6
801. s
Soo. 7
S21. It
SI9.8
822. St
827. 3t ^3.71
806. 04
S83. 84
842.2
841-3
833- 6
834-0
845-6
849. 7
825.6
858.3
828.6
811. 7
804.6
707-7 8193
827.4
832. 6
845-5
854. 5 858. 8
842.3
THE LADY FRA^KLIX BAY EXPEDITION.
515
u
813.4
752.2
771. 2t
72S.2J.
79<'- 71
760.7
829. 5t
83'S 7
79(.. (if
811.84.
8.U- S
684. 6t
883.0
Sj9. 3
796. 4
S<jO. 7
7')o. S
851.7
Si7.6t
If
8.I.S
1 1 792. n.
i \ 870. u
t
769. 9t
796.8
812.0
t
805.0
779- S
824. of
J-
817.it
4
777-6
811. 7
804.6
14
694.0
748.84.
769. 5+
763. of
784.0
817.54.
895. a
800.7
792- 4t
7S7. 6.^
796. 6
7cSi.4t
S55. 6
796
798.
S21
Magnetic declination, Fort Conger, August, 1882 — Continued.
7. =; — 64° 43' 50" =r — 4'" i8"> 55.3' from Greenwich (or 4'' 58'" 41.5" west of Gottingen). Magnetometer No. 12.
Gcittingen hours.
■ H
.9
•5;
797. 5
854. a
79S. ^.
819.7
795-9
802.4
792. o
75S. G
770.7
7S7. 9
692.74.
798. 8t
793. 3
767. 3t
778.8
754
724
792,
o>S8,
710,
810
S33. 5+
771.6
789. 3
715.0
797- 5
76S. 8
850. 34
712. of
826. 6
793- If
7'9.3
825. 24
760. 4
812. 8t
784- 8
825.6
763- 7
756.1
781 .U
779. H
789 5t
744. 6
790. 4t
76S. o
769. St
16
754.3
730. 8
721.5
766. 6
750.2
764. 04.
85>.5
768.4
765- 4
677. 24
796.1
735- U
824 44
725. 34-
741-3
758. 2t
7S7. 2
706. 64
814.4
797- 5
796- It
787.6
76S.5
795- 9
7S7. It
'7
689. o
708. 54-
707-44
479- o
545-6
684. 5
827.1
752-74
705.5
650. 6
j 79'- 44
! 732- 6t
I 697. 2
; 743- o
775-7
799- 4
772.7
781. It
787. 1
790.4
796- 8
780. 5
775-0
760. 24
743- '4
18
790.7
774-5
i
794. 0
775-'
752. 5t
7"7- 3t
735- 9
733- 24-
629. 9t
595- 2t
7'>4-5
716.5
81S.0
795.0
762. 8
!
730.9
640.8
752. 9t
704. St
5'0-4t
721-94
737-7
719- 94-
746. 5
737.44
6()2.44
783. 7
763.9
607. I
765- 5-4
783. 7
804. 8
764. I
804. I
821.74
795-2
773- 9
770. St
751. ot
779- 1
728. 9
793- 74
757-6
736. 3
760. 7t
7,59- 1
780. 2
19
684.8
768.4
733- 4
599- 2
821.5
721. 7t
718. I
724-0
762. 7t
644- 7t
771-7
794-4
781-5
700. 9t
742-5
685. 8t
707.4
S27. 1
776. 5z
802. 9
767-1
776-0
725. 2t
830. 14
700. 94
7S8. 7
757- 31-
724-7
765. 6
765. 6
790. ot
678.9
804.4
744.3
694. 14
808. 54
704. 6
721.8
714- I
802. O
721.5
812. 7t
974-5
812. 4
661. 5t
804.8
653. o
773-7
778. 6t
743-9
752.04.
688. 2t
766.5
7S0. 24
78 1. 2
660. It
793-
8fX3.
720.
754.
773.
781.
669.6
: 768. 7
757-2
756. I
795.2
6S5. 7
776. 3t
I 636. 7
796- 94-
765- 9t
j 816. 9t
I 797-3
i 706.4
766.6
i 683. 6t
i 775- 3t
! 764. 2
731-9
i 779-4
I 721. 4t
1 826. It
! 801.6'
I 7S2. 64
754- 2
798. 84
; 826. 1
738.6
' 834. 4t
I 758- 2|
I 80?. 2
774-7
771- 2t
735- It
S5S. o
828.1
791- 1
S40. 44.
800. ot
802. 64
774- 9t
828. 8
751-2.4
707. I
781. 3t
794- 9
772. 3t
799- 84.
730. o
824- 7
774-4
811. 2
726.8
783. 44-
813.3
756. 8t
800. 9
806. I
790. 9
766. 24.
793- 94-
808.3
23
819.7
809. It
814.7
76S. 9t
806. 6
741.0
827. 6
792.8
S18. 8
722. 9t
S08. 6
819.6
822. I
762. o
754.6
777.14.
790. 9
760. ot
80S. I
S49. 14.
776. 6
775-0
775- 6t
804.4
758-0
807. 4t
805. 9t
783. 6
S07. 6
804. 04.
796. 64
741.9 , 747. 3 I 756.8 I 762.5 789.2
I
792.5
•T3
, 1
•13
§
s
><
u .5
ts.s
V
te
S
C
~
J
/
/
/
S07.2
937.9
640.8
Soi. 0
870.2
708.5
786. I
862.8
704. 8
773. 2
927.1
479. 0
795- 9
949-4
545-6 !
787-7
85s. 9
684. 5 1
828. i
920. 8
71S.1
807.3
911-4
636. 7
816. 7
892.7
705-5
798.0
919- 1
644- 7
830. 9
956.6
771-7
839- 5
974-5
684. 6
800. 5
SS6. 7
607. I
787.4
889. 2
661. 1;
80S. 4
893- 3
741.3
793-8
918. I
653- 0
8o.^. 4
906. 1
719-3
827.4
895-5
;o6. 6
834-0
932.4
731 9
819.6
874.9
752.0
795-2
8,?9. 7
68S. 2
826. I
948. 0
6o!j.o
791-3
8.?6. 5
725-2
79S.0
831.2
75*'- 1
778.8
8.57.5
660. I
797.3
833. 2
752.2
803.7
S67.0
692. 7
793. 1
907.8
720 9
794.9
862. 9
595.2
802.2
875.0
716.5
815. I
883. 8
769. 8
804. 5
858.8
730.9
297.1
161. 7
158.0
448. I
403.8
i7-t.4
202. 7
274-7
187. 2
274-4
184.9
289.9
279. 0
227.7
152.0
265. I
1S6. 8
188.9
200.5
122
151-5
340.0
III. 3
75-1
• 77-4
81.0
174-3
186.9
267.7
158.5
114.0
21.
21.
21.
21.
21.
9 21.
127.9
,t.
20. 4
20.4
20. 5
20. 6
20. 6
20.7
20. 7
20. 8
20. 9
21.0
21. o
21. I
21. 2
21. 2
-3
4
5
5
6
7
21.7
21. 8
21. 9
22. o
22. o
22. I
22. I
22. 2
22.3
22. 3
22.4
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
'3
•4
15
16
17
18
«9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
li
\l
!.i
I
l! '!■
n >!■ i •;. ' i:
;;i
! t
^'}
516
a
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
I _.
2 ..
3 -
4 -
5 -■
6 ..
7 -
8 ..
9 •-
;o _.
II ..
. 2 ..
15 ..
IV ..
'. --
li ..
i;' ..
i8 ..
19 ..
20 ..
21 ..
22 ..
25 -
24 ..
25 --
26 ..
27 ..
28 ..
20 .-
Me;in.
8io. 4
809.8
810. 6
819. o
801.8
93°- 24-
816.5
808. 8t
779- 9t
749-7
775 22
754- ('t
783.0
804. I
808. ()
791-7
808. 2t
81.S-3;
795-9
834. o
801. St
8,?<''- 3
787. I
«o7- 3+
816.6
77S.2
7^3- 9t
797- H
823.8c
/
830.4
799- <>
813.0
816. 2
8IS-3I
769. If
811. 8
820. 8t
801. 8
S37- 5
7«5- 8t
895-74.
805. 5
80S. 6
83S. I
8o(). 4
804. 8
801. o
829- 3-1-
794. o=
821.4
792. o-r
S27.ot
783-5
805. 8
815-3
810. I
784- 34-
817-7
825- 94
791-4
792-64-
879- 74
1 787- I
1 831.4
. 814.2
I 859. I
817-54
801. of
812.2
812. 2|
805.4
842.4
. 821. 2t
807.6
; sio. 6
I Soo. 9
810. If
793-7
789-3
845. ot
' 799- 3
S29. 4-
, '93- If
i 835. 9
I S10.4J.
i 830. 4t
795- (^t
Si I. 7
I 819. 6
j)/(7i,'7/<-//(- liecliiuitiiiii. Fort Conner, September, 1882,
246° cast, ; iiiirniles i)f talilc. 0 ^-: -|- 8 1 ° 44' 00"
( lr)ltiii!4t.'n hours.
/
816.8
793- 74-
835-2
882. 5t
826. 4
824. 74
S40. 3
ooS. 9f
843- 7-4
810. 2t
S29. I
815- 5t
85S. It
83<'>- 54.
S04. o
j Si 6. 9
I 814. 2
I 79('-u4.
793-9
t S25. St
j 807. n
\ S02. 94.
1 S32. s+
, 798. 3-1-
I SoS. 5
j S01.8
: S44. 6t
822.2
812. 5t
822. 5t
/
804. I
794- 4
809. ot
83s- 5
844-7
842.94.
804. 3
Sli.4t
809. 9
830.6
S22. 2\.
1015- 7-4
901. 64.
871.8
807-3
810.54.
827.0
800.3
786.2
837- «
826. 9t
800. 4
851.04.
803. 7
824.7
844.6
88 ;. 8
81S. 2
817. 1
825-7
804.3 '■ 812.4 S15.
820.
816. 8
806. .3
827- 3+
815. 4t
797- 8
913.0
820. 44.
8 1 6. 84.
856. S
797- 7
831- C'4-
788. 9
833- 2t
S09. 7
S46. 2
805. 7
847.4
811. o
810.0
795- 4
812. 44.
799-5
854.7
791.2
844. 6t
832. 5
863. 9t
S02. 4
827. 4t
847- •
8;8. 2
794- I
857. 6
826.7
857- I
8S7. 04.
867. 44
852- 04.
840. 24.
802. I
828. 5t
794- 5
7S8.7
850. 2
874.8
809. I
854- 5
798. 4t
784- (A
812.5
8o(). ot
797-7
853- 2t
790. 4
SoS. 9
854- 9
S64. ot
752.54
82 J. 3
8.12. 3
I
822, 2
780. 5t
870. 6
I 836. 44-
844. 3
1 829.0
i 843- 94
I 869. 5
j 779- 8t
Sio. 54.
I Si8. 3
1 757-2
855- I
I 811. 2
; 82(). 7
801. ()|
I 839. ot
S02. 9
7'>3- '
812. 5
Sll.2t
S04. 2
8,i 1 ■ O
, 79'*- 3
80S. 94-
I 810. 74.
' S46. S-
8 1 6. If
S26. 7
83(1.9
824.
828. I 810. 9
/
/
811. 5
796.9
782.5
855-0
859- 7
850. It
812.5
S27. 8
875-3
836. 5
807. It
803. 8
822. 0
824-7
814. ot
855- 34
865.8
819-5
795-7
789- 3
783- 2Z
798. 0
765. 0
786. 94
S40. 2
832-5
So4.ot
84S.04
846. 0
856-3
790. 34.
794- 3t
832. 04.
802.4
821.54
794-3
78S. 3
SoS. 64.
78S. 3
S20. I
S06. ot
788.6
S12. I
798- 7t
835- 6
821. 3t
792- 2
784-7
790-5
781.24
847-0
815- 3t
840. 5
804.2
807. 7
799-2
819-5
819. I
845- 14
835- 14
784- 5
862. 3t
815. 6
781.2
756.4
810. 64.
810.8
846. I
792.1
788.6
819.2
781.74
788. 44-
788. 5
816. 0
793- of
803.6
797- 3t
799- c't
799- 5t
i^42. 1
792- 3t
828. 2
788.7
763- 6
840. 6t
784-5
79'- 3
812.3
833- 44
! /
787.8
S69. 9t
82(1. 9
\ 810. 1
I 863. 2
] 847- 5
' 806. 9
i 847- 8t
; 825. 64.
1 786. 2
i 789- 3
797-5
: 800. 74.
802. o-j
! 809. o
801.3
804. 74.
; 793-0
I 788. I
; 828. 9
' 771-6
793-7
826.8
787. U
816. 2t
799-2
794-2
777- 8t
815.8
817.44
816.7 ; 814.9 803.8
Noon.
779.0
S93. o
81?. 2
814- 7t
805. ot
8.7. 2
794-44
855- 4
791.9
Soo. 2t
814- It
Si 1.0
S06,
SI4
798
801
802
793- 9=
806. 8t
782. 9
782. ot
843.8
778. 54
785. It
766. o
784.8
783.2
797- 14-
784. ot
I
. 6
-4
94-
■7
•3
777-0
858.5
773.2 ,
804. 6 I
739. tf I
S16.4 I
791.9
797. 6 i
803. 7 I
794. 6 j
799.8 I
794.34 '
781. 2 I
774. 2t
791.9
805. I
784.5
802. 14.
804. 6
787.9
791.3
788. 9t
845-3
772.lt
755. 9t
773-8
738.4
793. o
794. 5t
788.9
809. 5 803. 3
790.8
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
o
17
Noon.
779.0
Sgj.o
".?.2
'j7- 2|
<M."t
Sos.of
U7.2
(94-4 +
79". 9
■ioo. 2f
514. It
Sii. o
S06. 1
ji)S. 4
■ioi 9 J.
to2. 7
■9J. 9=
io6. Xf
rcS2. ()
'82. of
i43. 8
78. 51
■85. 't
'60. o
'84. 8 !
'8j. 2 I
97. n
84. of
'3
777.0
858.5 :
■ 773. 2 j
804. r.
739. tf '
816.4 i
791.9 I
797. 6 i
80J.7
794. 6
799. 8
794- 34.
781.2
774. 2t
791.9
805. I
784.5
80-. 14.
804. (,
787.9
791.3
788. 9t
845.3
772. It
755. 9t
773.8
738. 4
793.0
794. 5t
788. 9
03. 3 790. 8
Magnetic declination, Fort Conger, September, 1882 — Continued.
X:= — 64° 45' 50" - — 4'' 18"' 55.3' from Greenwicli (ur .).'' 58'" 41.5' west ol (MJttingen). .Magnetoiiicter No. 12.
iS** 10" ; at tS*" off scale.
GOttingen hours.
g
reaJ-
•0
1
f month.
•
£ \ ^y
14
IS
16
17
18
'9
20
21
22
23
•3 .s?
9
M
£
.2
X
0
/
/
/
'
'
/
/ /
(5
.f
<
Q
/
/
/
781.0
774- >
777-8
7S6.5
794.4
809.0
801.0
822.1
S'-'fi. 5
794-9
800. 2 830. 4
774-1
56.3
22.5
I
825.5+
843-7
828. 7
807.04
780, 54
634. 7
727. ot
758.34.
766: 7+
825-3
803. 7 893. 0
634- 7
258.3
22.6
2
772.1
698.9
703. 9
683. 3
705.0
752.0
680. 24.
693. I
782.1+ 829. 8t
7S9. 4 879. 7
680.2
>99-5
22.5
3
770.9
764.6
760. I
729.5
759. 0
770. It
763. It
768. I
803.0 i 757.5
795. 9 882. 5
729-5
153-0
22.5
4
697. 2t
692. 8t
745. 8t
698. 3
628. 9t
628. 6
684. 9
083. 1
7^0. 3t S08. 64
770. 9 875. 3
628.6
246.7
22.4
5
834. 8
795- SJ.
7S0. 6
733.'''
720. 6t
743. 5
769. 0
763.0
837.2 858.6
814.0 930.2
720. 6
209. 6
22.3
6
780. 4
772.0
7''7.8
7<>3. 3
791.34.
789. 9t
764. 7t
761. 7t
770. 5 790. 9t
803.7 867.4
761.7
105-7
22.3
7
790. 0
789. I
7S2. 4+
775.4
759. 5
766.1
792. 4t
780. St
786. 3t 1 797. 7
807. 5 869. 5
759-5
no. 0
22. 2
8
79>.7
760. Sj
707.21
814.4
780. 34
754.5
829. ot
732.2
720. 8 j 770. 5
801.4 865.8
720. 8
145-0
22. 2
9
795. '
757-7
774.5
759- 6t
749. 3
752. It
782.3
791.0
806.64 ! 791. 3t
789.8 837.5
749-3
88.2
22. I
10
8i8.8
795. 5t
772. 8t
756. 8
814.8
696. 3
647. 4t
722.5
736.8 j 777. 2t
784.6 831.6
647- 4
184.2
22.0
II
814.4
775- ot
8,5. (,
784. 94.
742.04
747- 6t
782.0
789. 5
777. 8 1 809. 9
800. 2 IOI 5. 7
742-0
273. 7
22.0
12
798. 2
774. H
696. 5
774. ('t
677.4
707.6
755-2
737. 4t . no- 8 : 800. ot
792.3 901.0
677-4
224. 2
21.9
•3
760.9
759.5
714.9
699. 3
793. 7t
794-7
770- 1\
687. 24. 774. 2 j 795. 3t
790.4 ; 87 1. 8
687.2
184.6
21.8
14
776.5
77.5. 5
779.2
S02. 2
817.7
776.0
828.1
, SS. 0 769. 3 1 802. 2
810.7 874.8
769- 3
105.5
21.8
15
799. s;
798. 9t
781.3
792. 5
800.04.
801.3
789. 14
803. 9t 741.6
791- 4t
798.0 816.9
741.6
75.3
21-7
16
792.6
783.2
803.9
7&3. Si
760.2
760. 34
801.2
808.5
780.4
769. 8
801.4 S54. 5
760. 2
94.3
22.0
17
808.7
785.1
781. ot
751. 8t
741.2
745.4
726. 74.
699. 9t
771.24-
810. 24
7S5. 8 821.5
699-9
121. 6
22.4
18
820.9
779.1
795.7
74.;. 4
759.0
771.9
715-2
778.3
785. 3t
826.0
790, 3 829. 3
715.2
114. I
22.7
19
787.5
780. 24
781.5
792. 9
810. 3t
793. 6t
750- 2
747-3
785. 8t
768. 04
795- 5 837. 1
747-3
89.8
23-1
20
808.6
780.9
773. 9
791.7
760. 9
792.6
782. 3t
790. 74
777.24
804. 8t
800.4 845.0
760.9
84.1
23-4
21
777-9
774.2
790.3
784,0
770. I
764. 7
749- 4
777.6
794. 7
787- 54
789. 0 812. I
749.4
62. 7
23-7
22
808.7
790. 6t
744.7
789.4
728. 6t
756.44
744-4
779. 9
796. 6
798. 7
810.6 854.7
728.6
126. I
24. 1
23
765. ot
768. 3t
763. 8
770. 5c
785.0
776. 9t
783- 8:
770. 94-
769. 2t
788. 7t
783. 0 803. 7
763. 8
39. 9
24-4
24
■'41.4
661.04.
702.3
058. 2t
728. 2t
737. 7
743- 24.
">l5-44-
733. 4
778.6
767. 1 844. 6
658.2
186.4
24.8
25
794.2
797.7
800. 94
788. It
787.6
787. -rt
816.5
22.8+
752.64.
798. 04
803.1 854.9
722.8
I ;2. I
25-1
26
798. 6t
761. 8t
769. 2t
777. 1 +
(802. 3*)
756.5
758. 64
-7- 7t
741.8=
777-0
799. 2 883. 8
738.4
145.4
25-4
27
761.64.
761. 84
748. 6c
752. 5
744-8
743- 0
745- ot
-S. 2
771.3 1 762. 4t
780. 7 822. 2
743.0
79.2
25.8
28
772.6
798. 31
770. 31
740.0
759. 4t
772.0
782. 8t
So. 3t
797- 6t
795.0
798.4 827.4
740.0
87.4
26.1
29
771.3
767. 3
768. ot
778. it
792.54
783. 7t
790. 71
■'Oi.4t
824.7
777.7
808. 5 847. I
767.3
79-8
26.4
30
787-2
770.5
769. 1
761.4
760. I
755-5
761..,
759- 0
775-4
795.0
795. 5 832. 1
755-5
76.6
IK!
I
iM
i III I' 'I
■ 'ilil'l
Hih
518
I
2
3 -
4 .
5 -
6
7 -
8 .
9 -
10 .
11 .
12 .
«3 -
14
«5
i6 ,
17 -
18 .
'9
20 .
21 .
22 ..
23 -
24 -
25
26 ..
27 ■■
28 ..
29 ..
30 -■
3' -
'lUE LADY niANKLlif iJAY EXrEDlTlON.
Magnetic declination, Fort Conger, October, 1882.
246° cast, -f minutes of tabic. ^> -= + 81° 44' 00"
Gotlingen hours.
730 7
S17.2J.
760. S
82S. 4J.
796. It
S.o. 4
1062. It
8ni,'
S'S-
3
6
■IS. SJ.
724.0
Si 9. 8t
7S,s. o
Soy. 2
804. 4+
«Si.-t
1059-7+
7S;
722.5
;X'i3- o
819.4
802. f4
S-;7.5
87 2
1057
S..7
)+
77S.St j S15.6J.
78:
821.7
761. St
759. 7
800.3
79^- 9-1-
747 04.
841.2;
795-9
79S. 3t
793- 6+
794. 2
80.5. 6.^
791.04.
797- 3t
7S9. 04.
771. I
811. 6
830.1
806.0
801.3
a
■ 4
7'9-
7S7.
Si4.9t
i^'i- n
790. 5
80s. I
796. 3
«^4. 3t
8 ;o. 2
7S0. 9t
797- 4t
797- o-l-
79'''- 4
844. 9
802.7
778.24.
Soo. 84.
802. ■>,
«23- 7t
839- 9\-
853- H
796. I
73-'- ^t
771-3
800. 4t
795 7t
795 5
811. o
795- 2t
810. 7
864.0
795-9
79-'. 9
797- 64.
825.04.
Si8.5t
795-5
790.3
Si7.ot
817.04.
917.4
879. 64.
794- 9-1-
S14. 9
Mean I 802.0 I 809,6 820.4
733- '
8.V>-7t
778 7
805. S
.M7. 2t
927- 5
105.). 5
"lO. S4.
si'vr,
708. 04
853- 't
S42. 6
795 6+
793- 3
806 o
807.4
781. 8t
801.94
797-4
796. 9
799. o
801.7
818.9
800. 3t
792.8
851.7
812.94.
7S6. 9j
825.7
829. 14
847- 9+
729. 8
S--7---)t
7t
u
■ H
-4
,8
. o
-91
798.
S64. 5
827.0
86J.S
1058. S
s 15.04
826. 94
704.
81
8 1 9.
777-
773-
853-
791
834- 4t
801.3
794-7
799- 4=
794- 23
789.4
849. 8t
S34. 8t
765. 2
854.4
816. 8t
876. o
S6i.8t
846.94
833. 2t
738- 9
82S. 7
I 782. 9i
S 1 1 . 2
i 854- 04-
I05.S.5
8.5. 5t
801. 8t
71.5-84.
791.9
i 847- 4t
' 773- 1
I 7S0, 6
833- 6
795.8
880. 44
811. 8
! 797- 't
793 3t
798-4=
815-3+
851.9
: 855- 7
855- 9t
824.0
816.04.
i 881.2
871.6
802. 7t
800. 2
75^- '
854- 9t
737 7
904. 64
807. 7
858. 9t
I QUO. 04
816. 6t
807. 1
j 733- 7
I 795- It
830. 64
764. I
7''9.9+
778. 4
i 782. 5t
8i..9t
I 825. 3t
805. 9t
802. It
791-5
815.2
. 856. 4t
891. 4t
S(ii,ot
825. 7t
829. 74
879- 7
876. 94
826. 74
794- 2+
817.4 ! 822.5 825.6 I 827,2
739- 3
868. 2
741-4
8 )o. 2
871. 7t
Sj(). ot
1048. 3
802. 34
8:19. 3;
731-2
773- 7t
705 ■ I
77 '-,U
758- 9
83''- 3
2
6
8
o.
o
7
3
4'
983. 51
830. 9
854- 9t
867. I
855-2
815-5
792- 7t
724-3
842.7
718.6
844-8
892. 9
833- >
"053- 4t
807. It
8.5 I
711.84
765. 8
785 -.^t
804. St
769- 7t
836-
794- 2
793- 5
814.6
824-1
810.8
822.7
806. I
79t>- 3
794- 0+
793- 2
798. ot
797-2
834-7
840.3
832-3
813-5+
903- 4t
857-2
892- 3+
S14. St
852.8
866. 7+
816.7+
806. I
791,2
72S.0
825. 9t
707. 6
858.9
874- 0+
I 974.3
1046. 6
, 811. 2
S04. 8
7"o-S
7SS. 2
769- 4+
774- 4t
7S0. 9
837- 2
827.0+
Sio. 9
821.5
791- 4t
794- 6
793- of
800.6
828. 3
824- 5+
S01.4
790. :;+
830. 5+
772. 2t
814.4
818.3
800.3+
f
743- o
838. 8+
801. 2
860. 3+
8?2. 8
8'i9- 7
1037. 84
807.4
,So',. 54
dOj. I
783. 3+
Si(. 4
77"- 3+
783. 5t
8o(>. 5
818. St
783- 2
812.4 +
794- o-t
791- 3
792. 5
807-3
804. 9
819.4
804.8
789- 3+
S06. 2+
780. 6+
848. 2t
789.0
802. 14.
I 728.6
962. 3+
i S57. 8+
851-4+
I 804.9+
: 793- 7t
1056. .-t
799- 8
Si 2. 7
716. 1
775-1
7Sl.9t
7.'^ I. 5
784.-11
76J. 7
820. 5t
7S2. o
8:9. 7
790. I
791. I
789- 1 =
770. 8
I 772.5+
I 791-4 +
700. 2
790.4+
787- 3
785-8
Si7.ot
SoS. 4
794. 3t
Nonn.
/
7IS-8
876. 74
835-5
740. 5t
818. 9
740. It
loSo. 7t
802. 5t
817-4+
679. 4
785-4
791-2
7"*'- 5t
705.8'
736. 8
813-8+
786.3
894- I
784. o
785- ?t
78; 7
780 7+
809. o
766. 6+
786. 6+
802. 4+
772-3
772-7
S03.0
789- It
787- 5t
•3
720.9
1070. 8+
849.2
823. 6+
822. 2
774-1
1066. 5
799-6
806. ot
7'3-3+
735- 2+
783- 0+
766. St
738- 7t
73'-8
812. 4t
769-3
880.6
785. 82
786.7
7S1.9
760.82
796. 2
7'9-7
783. 7+
782. I
774-7
761.4+
817. I
697.1
734-8
825.6 818.8
513-3
807.9 I 805.3 I 795-9 I 795- o
I I
THE LADY FKANKLIX BAY EXPEDITION.
519
Magnetic dec/ination, Fort Conger, October, 1882 — Continued.
A = — 64°43' yi" —. — 4'' iS"' 55.3" from (liccnwicli (or 4'' sS'" 41.5' west of (lutlinyenj. Magnetnmiler No. 12.
/
/
'I5.8
720.9
i7(.. 7j
1070. 8J.
*.iS.,S
849.2
■40. 5t
823. 6+
>iS. 9
S22. 2
'40. It
! 774- I
..So. 7t
1066. 5
lo2.st
' 799-6
;.7..i+
806. Gt
'7')- 4
7'3-3l
\v4
735- n
1)1. 2
7X3. 0+
<"'• 5t
766. 5t
"5-S'
738- 7t
;(.. X
731-8
1,1- S|
812. 4t
.-:(.. 3
769.3
<)4- 1
880.6
S4. 0
785. %z
'^5..vf
786.7
^■5 ;
781-9
So 7^
760.8a
09. 0
796. 2
66. 6j
/I9-7
S6. 04. :
783- n
32.41
782.1
72-3
774-7
72-7
761. 4J.
33- 0
817. I
^0. It
697.1
■!7-5t
734-8
)S.9
795- 0
■ One minute late.
Gottingeii hours.
rt
1
it
JO.
rt
■u
.2
J3
1
0
»4
•5
16
17
iS 19
20
21
. 22
23
X 1
/
/
/
/ /
/
/
1
c
/
/
0
r
<
J.
a
/
' \ '
710.8
7M-3
778.6
797-7
813,0 S06. 6
814.9
824. 6
829. I
828. 2 756. 1
S29. I
710.8
118.3
26.8
I
630. 8t
666. 7t
694. 24.
619. 8t
471.2 i 524-24
' 687. 7
672. 2t
868.8
737- 8t 778-2
1070. 8
471,2
599- 6
27.1
2
824.2
812. 3t
742. 6+
780.9
857.2 823.94
Sl7.ot
S23. 2{
772.8
824.14. t 794.0
857-8
707,0
150.2
27- S
3
799-5
766. U
782.7
733-0
738. 9t i 759- 3
781. 6t
714.9
770.5
826. 54 ■ 804. 5
904. 6
.714.9
189.7
27.8
4
782.3
796. 5t
764. 44
739-5
766.5 702.7
(.30. S|
613.0
820. 44.
839- 9t ; 799- 5
892. 9
(.13.0
279- 9
28.2
5
512. 2j
694.8
682. 41
732-94
790. 3 i 82S. 0
850. 3t
.848, 84
843- 44
825. 8
812.4
974- 3
512.2
462. 1
28,5
6
1067.8
1084. 3t
1068. It
1024. 34.
813. It 782.54
816. 7t
760, ot
799 0
785. 6
991,9
10S4. \
760. 0
324-3
28,8
7
803. 0
S°i' 54
797- 5
794- 7t
80G. 64 Si 8. I
759- 7t
740. 44
814.14.
807. I 802. 3
827. 5
740.4
87.1
29.2
8
810,5
808. 9
Si 1.04
Sii.d
791.8 , 7S5.S
689. 9
696, I
723- 0
750. 6
792- 2
826. 9
6.S9. 9
137-0
29- 5
9
712.6
664. St
(.46. 9t
699. It
710.04. 1 70.". 3;
475- 8t
754-8
78i>- 5
82S. 4
707,2
828.4
475-8
352.6
29.8
10
753- "t
7>9-l4-
7'7-4t
784-5
749.9 f .2 0I
-'74- 2
735- 3
838. 34
831-5
769 5
853- 1
11O2, 9
190. 2
30.2
11
792.8
740. It
774- 0
767- 04.
764. 7t 7,''"
; 68. 3
756- 5t
783. 04.
77'-9■^
790,2
847-4
740, I
107-3
30.5
12
759-6
748.4
766. 54
742. 94
779- 5t ! 77y 44
790. 1
786, St
785. St
775- 8t
775-1
S04. 8
742, 9
61.9
30.9
13
734-1
755-1
754. 6+
790. 6
651.9 : 726. 1
737- 64
772,0
787. 74
763. 9t
763. 3
795- 5
65 1 , 9
'43-6
31.2
14
74>-S
717.6
702.7
718.4
761.6 1 787.2
794- 6
785, 0
801.5
773- 8
7S4, 0
853- 0
702,7
150-3
31-5
IS
784. 6t
803. 3
780. 3t
767- 5
77.9.24 ; 712. 4t
725-94
781.6
734- 94
748.9
784-2
829- 5
712,4
117.1
31-9
(6
793-8
820. 3+
842. 1
837-9
785.6
747- 6t
735- 7
803. 7
795-0
849. 44.
80?, 0
S80. 4
735- 7
144.7
32.2
17
865.1
867.5
876. 5
S74-4+
784. 14
778- 24
780.6
787. 14
789- 3
797- 74
827,0
894,1
778.2
115.9
32.2
18
791-74
775-5=
755- I
733- 2t
795- 9t
796. 9
795-9
798.04.
,So8. 6
795-4
790, 6
808, 6
733- 2
75-4
32.2
19
781.4
774-74
778-0
777- 8
780.8
775-1
782.3
797- 24
799- 9=
795- 94
790, I
S02, 1
774-7
27-4
32,2
20
781.7
777-8
773- »4
769. 04
775-44
783- 4t
792.0
796. 2
792- 4
800. 4
789. 6
800,4
7(.9, 0
31-4
32.3
21
766. 8J.
755-0
694- 6t
691.6
7S4-5
697- 4
740. 04.
584- 7t
740.7
S42. I
772. I
S42, 1
584-7
257-4
32.3
22
741.3
764- 9t
752-54
755 ot
772.1
767. 7
771-7
780.8
784. 1
786. 14
799.0
856. 4
741-3
115.1
32.3
23
705-3-I-
772. 2t
76S. 4t
734- I
769. 4
761.5
760.1
790.4
812.9
801.4
797- I
903- 4
705-3
198. I
32.3
24
761.8
758-5
768. 6
772.0
746. 74. 1 744- 2
784.8
770. 6
733- 5
861. I
799- 4
983- 5
733- 5
250. 0
32.4
25
775-6
7.30- 24.
716.5
760. 1
716-5 1 763-5
761.2
760. 2t
7S8, 7
82S. 0
790- 3
854- 4
716-5
137-9
32.4
26
772-9-4
760. 7t
7.50. 5-^
727-64
748-6
754-4
755- 8t
769. 4S
763- 04
805.9
78S. 9
854- 9
727. 6
127-3
32. 4
^Z
7iS.4t
741-3
703- 4
729- 2t
702. 8
727.8
767. ot
734-7
771-9
706. 2
790. 9
')i7-4
702.8
214.6
32-4
28
817- 4t
789- 3t
782.54
722.0
726. 2t
795- 6
743-8
750- ot
792- 3t
783- 3t
Sio. S
879.6
722.0
157.6
32-4
29
741.9
705-4
745-7
708.7
759-0
745-1
807.0
816.54
775-5
798- 3
786. 9
853. 2
697- 1
156. 1
32-5
30
757-3
753- 6
756-2
747- 5
763.7 I 770.0
771.0
773-3
763-1
777-5
784- 3
S47. 9
734-8
113. I
32-5
31
767-5
769.1
764. S
762.7
755-1 1 753-3
753- 7
760. 6
789- 3
Soi,2 794.3 ' 827.2
i
753-3
73-9
I'll
m
'%\\
520
TUE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITIOM.
H
! !
r '
^'A
i I
l\'
Magtietic declination, Fort Conger, November, 1882.
246° cast, -|- minutes of talile. ^ =-- -f 81° 44' 00"
Day of month. 1
Giittingen hours.
° ! '
2
3
^
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
; Nonn.
1
'3
/
/
/
/
/
,
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
1
763-5
784. 9
794-0
732.7
769.0
721.7
734- I
728.6
731.4
721.5
721.5
776.2
; 785. 5
785.0
2
703. 2
797-9
814. 5
804-5
829.5
805. 0
789- 7+
785. 7t
783. ot
774.8
770.04.
780.0
774. 7t
780. 4+
3
987-5
985. I
990. 0
looi. 5
975- -n
1025. 5
96S. 0
9S4. 0
947.7
974. 6
965. 6
1 993. '
934. 9t
4
833"3
844.2
878. 64.
858.9
865. b
S79. 04.
860. 54
873.9
885. 3+
866. 6
872.6
875. 5
878. 3+
888. 5
5
799.5
796.1
791-7
798. 3=
800. 5t
798. 3t
804. 3
814.3
821.24.
807.4
806. 8t
803. 3+
808.4
802. 5 t
6
811. 14.
8^2.6
825.0
840.8
8 ^0, 64.
8.4.3
814. 5-+
825.5+
805.6
804. 14
810. It
807. I
810. 1
806. 9t
7
885.5
85o. 14.
897. 8
8S5.9
890. 94.
917-5
900.9
907.5
926, 5+
9 ?o. 5t
928 6
921. 2t
901.9
921. a
8 .. ...
«73- 7
909. 4t
8S7. I
896. 3
882. It
896. 5
910.3
928. 8
911.84.
901.7
871.7
879.1
1 909. 2
891-5+
«^
835- 2t
937- n
8.,i.7t
846. 44
900. (^
S62. 8
859. 0
853. 2
866. 9t
868. 0
851.9
827. I
i 837. 2t
774- ('+
10
873- 8+
854- 6t
85"-4l
8yy. 8
S<'S- 5+
S72. 5t
S56. 0
804. 94
S65. 1
863.9
871. It
864. 4
\ 865. 9t
862. 6
II
840. 3t
822. 8j
S36. It
822.94
S41-54-
830. 70
830 13
S28. 6
825.24
829. 5
833. 2t
847.4
1 8ji.o
819.5+
12
r>"'" i
783- 7+
850. 5t
845 8
850. 7t
847.9
922.94.
920.94.
927.3
953. 2+
852. H
826. 24.
; 824.04
73<'- 4
13
884. r f
904. 64.
928. 3t
966. 7
950- 3
1027. I
97". 5t
9 .0. 5+
912.04
837.5+
888.5
871.5
■ 853. 5
722. 3t
14
90-'- 31
921. 4t
'865. 0
925- 2t
1053. 2
975. 9
903. 1
900. ')
'914.9
'019. 6
962.7
101 I. 9
1 880.9
922-4 i
15
691.5
786.5
773- '
812.8
932.0
1012. 5
1082. 9
1128. 8
915. 7
'>>6. 3
861.5
773. 6
' 667.4
792. I 1
16
877. 2t
932.0
932-9
884.3
949- 2t
861.9
929. 2t
830. ()
9^v3
o'j7. 94
IO70. 2
1056. 6
. 884. 2
775-8
'7
816.0
732- 5-t
970.2
887.9
867 9
774.7
7>3.9t
7,i9. 2
765. ot
767-3
795.4
749. 3
1236.4
782. 8
18
SSo. 5
1098. 0
790.7
1093- 8t
1186. 5
1130.84.
984.6
968. 3
938. 8
990. 3
914.9
861.6
i 754. 4t
804.1
19
Soo. 0
866.8
874 ■:
865.4
893- 5
865.8
820. s
780.5
813.3
833- 6+
782.9
771. I
1 785.4+
786.4 1
20
784. 8
739-5
459. •>
777-0
1043-8
1009. 94.
'241.4
1114.2
920. 8
800.0
985.2
877.5+
-166.6
807. I '
21
665.0
829. 64.
850. -
880.6
792.7
821.6
819. St
815.8
827.4+
802. 14.
7S5.3
775. It
774.9
730. 4r ,
22
806. 5
721. I
782. 7
815.9
790.1
799. I
805.0
843. 8
824. I
801.5
792. 0
785.9
\ 779.6
769.6 1
23
777- 5+
768.4
813. s
828. 34.
811,8
797.8
825. 14.
815.5
829. ')t
787-2
803.9
773.5
775.2
756- 3t
24
798. 6t
S05. 7t
787- 4t
77^- 5
810.4
820. 2
821.84.
818.5
815. 6t
800.8
776.7
796. 5+
776. 9t
725-7+
25
777- 6
768.8
802.8
805. I
843. 8
7.S9. a
7S7. 8
79<). 1
S2r.4
814.2
780.8
793. 7
1 785.0
757.0+
26
771.6
853.6
767.6
769- 3;
844-3+
823.7
7<i3. 3
813.9+
777.'
-83.1
778.2
7K2. I
762.3
766. 1 .
27
797-7
810.0
779-2
789-9
802. 7
805. S-i
786. 7t
782. 3
813.6
819.0
789. 2
757.6
1 781.64.
7S6.I 1
28
783-8
788. 8
782.2
790.6
802.2
8»o. 8
841.34
824.2
842.9
790.3
819. 4t
812. 6t
! 780. 7
778.8 '
29
793- of
790. 3
800.8
788.6
802.8
841.6
807.8
809. 14.
774.0
807. 64
774. 3
781.8
771-6
779.1
30
Mean __.
783. a
770. 7J-
783. 3^
781.3
785- 9t
794. 7t
790.0
813.5
803. 3+
840. 9+
793. 6+
793.7+
770.8
769. 94
810.3
834-3
827- 3
848.7
8;' 6. 7
866. I
866.8
863.3
831.9
848.3
844.3
833-3
806. 9
800.7
■ One minute late.
'One minute early ; great disturbance.
THE LADY FUA^'KLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
521
Afagnetic declination. Fort Coiij^er, Novemlier, 188/ — Continued.
Ji = --64° 43' 50'' i- — 4'' 18'" 55.3" from (Ircenvvicli (or 4'' 5S'" 41.5' west of Gottingcn). Magnetometer No. 12.
nn.
•3
/
5
785.0 '
7t
, 7«o.4j
I
934- 9t
3-^
888. 5
4
802. 5t
I
806. of
9
921.. T
2
89>-S+
2t
774- ('J.
9t
862. 6
0
819-54
o-l-
73<'-4
5
722. 3t ;
9
922.4
4
792.1
2
775- 8
4
782.8
4t
804. 1
4+
786.4
6
807.1
9
730. 4r
b
769.6
2
7S6-3t :
9t
725-74
0
757-0+ ,
3
766.1 1
H
786.1
7
778.8 1
!)
779- « !
*
769. 94
)
800. 7
14
761.8
775-8+
952.84.
883.6
797-1
810.7
916. 7t
839.0+
807. 6t
836.2
829. 8+
723- «t
802. I
909.7
841.2
921. 6+
999-4
801. of
loii. 2
646.8
687.8+
767- 3-4
705-3
69'- 3+
706.5
778-6
780. 8+
749-1
788.6
742. 8t
808.8
»S
16
'7
709.1
784- 6+
927.0!
S84. 5t
800. bf
806.9
866.6
872. 6+
825.7
863. 3t
833- 5t
762. 6
672.9+
718.8+
941.0
880.0
73«-3
728. 2
600.8
669. 2
797.2
760. 9
569. 9t
740.1
615. 4t
75«-7
761.6
781.6
759-3
684. If
770.0
701.7
771- 7t
950. 8
8*'5- 3+
78S. 2+
791-9
875-0
855- H
815. St
853- 5+
822.2
717-2+
750. 6+
625. 8t
1036. 7
S84.4
204. 6
729.2
707.0
379- of
705-7
754-0
718. I
720. 6t
592 I
670.6
716. 2
776.2
773-2+
741.9
774-5
773-'
925- 8
882. 2+
, 802.8
! 810. 5
848.6
860.0
i 807.3
: 870. 3
819. 5t
'455-9
772.1
846.'4'
837.6
934-4
722. o
702. 2+
702. I
699. 6
I 75'-4
^ 723-9
711. 5
729. I
! 711.6
i 715- St
! 7.^8. 2
I 779-4
I 768.8
GOttingen hours.
18
743-2 775- 4
7(^4.3
8>3-7+
802. 3t
777-2
("Susi
817.7
757-7
7/2. o
S02. 6t
792- 6t
760. 2
699.4
755- 3t
677. 8
821.3+
61.'. 8
458- of
742-7
385-5
481.2
749-0
-753-6
73<-8
616.4
761.7
729. 5
738.0
77H- 5
74' -5+
717.6
'9
20
/
/
722.3
733-8
S04. 4
818. 7t
816.0
815.4
779- 9t
7S8. I
795- 7+
759- 3+
leiision liroke.)
,S52. 6t
77'-5
740. of
803. 9
797- 8+
792-9
809. 4t
683.0
790- S
S48. 6
613.6
565. 8
679. 6
601. 6t
603. 7
752.8
719.8
701.5+
580.5
742, 4
73'- 5t
734- 6t
783-6+
754-2
S63.6
788- 3+
817- 2t
822. 4
792-3
737-6
826. 6
503- 5
871.7
747- 9
69 1 . o
565-4
631. 4t
648. If
615-7+
758- 3
783- 5+
705-6+
787.2
739- 0+
760.5
756. St
784. 4
774-3
773- '
818. 3
828. o
7S..2+
716.64.
SSo. 3t
i .'<54- It
' 814. 3
i 830. S
! 782
|(Sus|
I 834^
786,
I 732.
892
875
808,
867,
23
823.9+ I 819.
724.
848,
873-
784,
1080,
790. 5+
824.8
925. 3
823. 7+
9'3-3
853- o
796. 7
848. 3
827.8+
6i8. 6
7,?3-9
715.6
731.0+
748.9
(,82. 3t
772.2+
7S2. 2+
775-' +
780.0
! 745-
i 964.
j 795-
1 1036,
802.
826,
! 755'
: 770,
699
7 86
706
787
78s
779
i 757
5 791-7
lension broke)
844- 7+
798. <)
829, 94
923- '
900. 6+
.S29. 2
866. 9+
804. 2t
792-6+
893- 3
834.0
878.4
862.0
826. 2+
S72. 1
666. o
766. 7t
815.2+
721. 6
760. 2t
786. 3t
791.0
832.4
788. 4+
803. 7
771.0
765-6+
765-7
5+
St
3+
8
2
8+
5
I
7t
3
5
7
o
^
5t
6
9t
9
3
5t
't
4
3
2+
7
7.8
B
>»
*rt
Q
752-7
794- 7
926. 7
849- 5
791.4
814.8
890. 7
864. 4
834-7
85'. 3
818. 1
810. 7
S59. 4
8()0. 7
874-5
885. 8
792.4
844. 9
8qi. ()
750.5
747-0
777-5
767. 1
765. 2
755- o
766. 2
777-4
7 So. 3
787.0
774-4
737- o I 747-8 1 7S9.9
817.5 I 813.2 I 812.3
•r 1 ^ 1
^
§ 1 s
1
•^ , '^ ,
f
la ^.r
0
iS -^
X
X 1 3
s <
a
/ /
' ' ,/.
794.0 701.7
92- 3 i^- 5
1
829. 5 770. 0
59- 5 32- 5
2
1025. 5 802. 3
223.2 32.5
^
888. 5 777. 2
111.3
32.6
4
829.9 716.6
^i3i
32.6
5
923.1 791.9
131-2
32.6
6
930.5 817.7
112.8
32.6
7
928.8 757.7
171. I
32.6
8
900. 9 740. 0
l6o. 9
32-7
9
899. 8 802. 6
97-2
32. 7
10
847- 4 724- 1
123-3
32-7
11
953-2 455-9
497- 3
32-7
12 i
1027. 1 672. 9
354- 2
32- 7
13
1053- 2 503- 5
549- 7 32. 8
14
112S. 8 667.4
461.4
32.8
15
1079.2 745.0
3.34- 2
32. 8
16 ,
1 2 id. 4 204. 6
1031.8
32.8
'7
1186.5 458.0
7-8. 5
32.8
18 '
1036.6 600.8
435-8
,',2.9
19
1241.4 166.6
1074. 8
32-9
20 ,
S80. 6 481.2
399- 4
32- 9
21
843-8 721-1
122.7
32-9
22
829-9 569-9
260.0 ' 33.0
23
821.8 691.3
130.5 .?3o
24
843- 8 580. 5
263-3 330
25
853. 6 670. ()
183.0 33.0
26
819.0 715.5
'03 5 ii- 0
27
842. 9 734. 6
108. 3 \:',. 1
28
841.6 759.3
8;- 3 .k\- I
29
; 840. 9 , 684. 1
156.8 a. 1
30
1
1
' 876.7 . 717.6
i 1
159-1
11
t
i ''1
li
I,'
■ One minute early.
•Two minutes late.
.,L/f/'-
[ 'I
l ■ :
I •
522
TUE LAUY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Afiignetk i/<\/i)iatit>>i, Fort Coiif^ffy December. iSS.'.
246° iMst, + minutes of table. 0 — \- 81° 44' 00"
i
t
Uottingen lumrs.
0
1
/
751.6
798. 04
783. 2
757-04
783-8
819.6
804.7
824. 84
808.1
819.8
806.0
836. 7+
804.3
795- 7t
799- "t
733- 0
805- 5
797- ot
807. 04
806.1
876.8
836. 24
822.0
807. 5
788. 7 1
826. 53
823.6
922. 3.^
888.6
879.6
SS6. 3
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9 ! 10 II
Noon.
13
1 ..
2
3 — --
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
•3
'4
W ::::::
"7
18
'9
20
21
22
23
24
'I .:::::
27 —
28
29 —
30 —
3«
792. 3
785.1
784. It
768. 4
799- >
804. I
798. 3
811.74.
815.6:
788. 4+
818.2
827.8
803. 9+
787. 2|
8j9. 3t
765.5
782.5
787. 14
772.9
797-1
836.9
814.4
816.9
83>-44
817-5+
826. 2;
805.2
883,9
882.7
893- 2
883.9
8.2.5
/
786.8
788.7
789. 8t
769. 2
798. 94-
823.4
795- 4=
819. 9
819, 14
803. 0
8'3.5t
796. It
798. 34
803. 53
802.7
610. 3t
828.2
808.6
782.0
8.3. ,
819. It
860. 61
840. 5t
806. 5t
814.8
834. 2t
843- 8t
915. 2t
913-6
8S4. 44-
8g2. 2
80s. 34
789. 1
806. 7t
775- 0
793- 9t
804. St
804. 0
815.4
815.5
835- 2
830.6
781.7
807. 0
804. 3t
802. St
849-4
783-6
835-3
835- 2
818. 5t
902. 6
845-7
818.3
819.9
809. 7
824.0
823. 6t
962. 3t
914- 4t
906. 54
884. 14
/
792. 5t
806. 84
776. 6t
754. 6
780. 8t
8o). 2
818. 6
813.9-
8.1.7-
831.0
829. 5
801.5
811. 8
806. 2t
79S. 6
826. 14.
792.8
822. 0
864.4
817.9
9.6. 0
824. 5
818.04
803. 8t
802.8
824. 9=
839. It
950. 5
915.1
904. 3
927. 84.
809.7
790.6
804.5
761 5
788. It
799. 4
802. 54.
817. 0
824. 94
819. 6t
859. 5
807. 2
807. It
793. 64
800. 34
844. 0
798.7
831.74-
900. ot
820. 4t
895. 3
828. I
854.7
810. 9t
842. 9t
831.9
840.9
926. 2
944. 44-
921.94.
900. 3t
/
822.8
828.5
798. 94-
753-6
784.1
806.6
791. 1
810.7
829. 6
818. 8t
800.3
799. 34
820.0
798.4
803. 1
773-9
803. 9
790. 74-
865.8
830. 04
88.. (.
857- 7t
8io. 6
804.0
804. 6
8.53-9
868. 1
907.7
935.1
936. 2t
902. 5t
/
818.54
792. ct
822. 14
810. 4t
791. ot
807.6
788. 7
81. .4
793- 6t
814- 2
855. 14
795- 2+
787- .5t
800.8
801. 4t
900.3
772. 9t
804. 74
886. 31
8i5..n
877. 5t
817.14
853. 5
809. 64
833-4
821.94
846. I
934-6
926. 3
903. 3t
896. 94
/
802. 74
812. 6t
768.44
787. 4t
798.5
815.9
792.1
812.24
852. 24
819-44
817-74
795- I
.S08. 04
798. 4
831.5
859. 8
794. 64
807. 54
878. 8
789. 5
899. 2
844.6
799. 9
813.64
824. 94-
826.2
864. It
899. 94
941.6
900.54
915.24
/
805. 6t
789. 9
800.5
789. 2|
798 I
819. 3
796. 7t
8.2.6
8.-6.94
822. 6
843- 1
791. 8t
797- 7
792. 0
807.4
9S2. 6t
804. 3t
804.4
876. 14
805.0
846.7
819.3
8?i.6
829. 94
824. 9
828. 74
830. 2|
896. 64
931. 24
9.1 84
930. 04.
f
809. 2t
789.9
748.7
816. 2t
787. 9
821.44
789.8
812. 8s
817.2
811. I
822.4
788.9
800.5
799- 3
803. 6t
919.9
812.74.
801.7
860. 8t
S03. 6
829. 7
841.64
826. 5
S2i.4t
827.4
831.4+
831.6
900. 04.
948. 24
9>5.8t
903.6
/
802. 04
8.4. 64
765. 6t
783.2
784. 8+
811. 6
789. 6+
807.93
813.7
801.6
833.4
791. 1
797-8
796. 5
8.2.8
835. 7t
797. 2
804.9
825.6
778.64
830.8
789. 6
805.1
792. It
8.3.9
830.7
8.54. 3
'890. 6
92.. 8
908. 14
806. 2
/
803.7
821.4
756.7
722.94.
775.3
809. 2
783. 3
809. 54
812. ;
800. 74
753- 9
833. It
785.2
794. 8t
807. 2
893. 4
801.7
799. 4t
808.1
774.9
8.0. ot
825.44.
748. 64
820. 54
792. 24
826. 14
828. 7t
900.9
892. 4t
909.5
881. 3t
793. 14
813. -t ■
752.4
735- -It
786.5
798.0
790. 0
797. 4t
Soo. 0
81. .4
8.9. 24
801. 8t
784.2
779. 2
807.5
852. 9t
803.5
801.7
788. 5t
764. 44-
832. 54
769.2
814.7
794. 84
774. 92
827.6
828.7
859.9
911. <)t
8S7. 2t
798. <lt
Mean ._.
817.4
815.3 1 829.2
828. 8 S34. 8
828.1 S31.9
831.4
•^ii-^
828.9 j 8.8.1
1
.^.2.4
805. 8
'One mioute early.
\ h
TUE LADY I-'UANKLIN IJAY LiXl'liDlTlON.
523
v
Magnetic declination, Fort Conger, Dicember, 1882 — Clontinued,
I — 64° 43' 50"— 4'' 18"' 55.j»'fn)iii ()roen\vii.li (or .('' 5S'" 41.5" west of (iotliiigeii). Magnetometer No. 12.
/
/
7
793. U
4
Si3-t
7
752.4
9+
73S.':t
3
786. 5
2
7gS. 0
.1
7yo. 0
S+
797. 4t
,?
800.0
7+
811.4
9
8.9. 2|
It
801. St
2
784.2
«t
779.2
2
807. 5
4
S52. 9t
7
803. s
4t
801.7
788. St
9
764. 4+
9t
832. SI
4+
769.2
H
814.7
5+
794- H
2+
774. 92
U
827. 6
7t
828.7
)
859.9
4t
9"-9t
5
887. 2t
It
798. ot
t
8os.y
GSttingen hour.s.
ally mean.
■0
I
ri
Dwest read-
ing.
u
s
1
'3
a
0
c
0
>,
rt
■4
'5
16
17 .s
19
20
1 I
22
23
M
=
-
1-^
"
<
1
/
/
/ /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
d.
7S0. 3
755. f't
799-5
Sio. 8t 803.1
770.2
7S5-ot
783.6
781.14
748-0
793- 9
822.8
748.0
74.8
33.1
I
808.7
780. 5
805. Ij
7S9.8t 774.04
775-ot
7 "6- 34-
766. 34
779.8
783- 94
793- 8
828. 5
706,3
62. 2
33."
2
729. 84
735 -.4
738. 9+
740.44. : 08s. 9
702.0
736- 44
702. 2\
71,2. 7t
752. 3
760. 2
822. I
OSS. 9
136.2
ll-'^'-
3
734- ' +
(194. 4t
61K). 74.
(.91.5
653. 3t
778-3
720.8
71.0. 2t
7.^5. 54
782- It
75'-9
816. 2
653. 3
102. 9
IS- 2
4
775-'
779. 4
Slo. ot
7S4. 1
800. It
/92-8
791-7
803- 7
810. 34
795- 9t
791.4 ! 810.3
775.1
35-2
ih 2
5
778.3
786. 9+
790. 8
7S9. I
7f'7- 3
783-0
763- 3
76S. 4
799. ot 794. 6t 798. 5 823. 4
7<'3. 3
60. I
32- 3
6
786.0
765. 1 +
781. H
761.7
73°. ^i
772-4
803- 34
775-,^
778. 9
821. 9t 788.4
821.9
730.0
91.9
3'-5
7
813. s;
804. s
80 (.8
804.4
805. 1
804. sj
804. 5
807.5
80G. 2
805-5
809. 9
824,8
797-4
27.4
30.7
8
802. 2t
789. 3t
773.0
775.7
773.5
758-0
797-44
801. I
770. 9
773-8
801.4
852.2
758.0
94.2
29,9
9
80s. 7
810. C't
810. 24.
804. 84
805.7
807. I
8.2. s
809. 8:
815.84
809. 2t
812.0
835-2
788.4
4O. 8 ; 29. 1
10
820. It
S06. 6
81-19. oj.
777-8
'1.89. 5
754-8
721.4
730. 0
699. 7
758. 4t
794. 6 859. 5
O89. 5
1 70. 0 ' 28. 2
II
784. 5
70 1, c!
7(.i.o4.
076. 8
728.4
776.2
77'-7
794- 6
762. It : 796- 3t ' 785-9 1 836.7
O76. 8
159.9
27.4
12
7S4.0J
773- 6t
7Si.r,
793. 0
738- 4
783- "t
772.4
790. It
790. I c ; 802.(14 792.6 j 820.0
738.4
81,0
:i>, 0
>3
790. 7t
765. 3t
7S0, s
797. 4t
795-8
780. 2
792- -t
799- 94
787.84 790.0 [ 793.2 806. 2
765.3
40,9
25.7
14
80s. 8
803.2
796. 8
797. 2
7S2. 9
784-3
775-0
730.5
685.94 731- 9t i 790-9 ! 831-5
685.9
145.6
24.9
■5
890. 4
844. ot
800. (>
837.9
804. It
785-9
719.4
(19S. I
7242 j 795.0 814.4,982.6,610.3
372. 3 i 24. 9
16
799- 6
806. 6t
S03. 2
801. 9
793- 4
800. 8
817.64
798. 9t
711I1. 74 808. 7 ' 800. 4 , 828. 2 ! 772. 9
55- 3 ^4. 8
'7
803. 13
80s. >t
809. 0
804.4
797- 7t
795-9
792. 64
792. 2
7S2. 2
775- 74 i 802. 3
835- 3
775.7
59- 6 1 24. 8
18
795. 6
791.6
795. '-
801. S
•798- 9
2780. 0
-88. 4
773- 1
777.5
789,8 818.5
900. 0
772. 9
127. I j 24. 8
19
745.4
680. St
706.8
720.9
720. 9t
7'9-5
600. 6t
835-04
837.3
794-94 ' 774-8
837-3
Ooo. 6
236. 7 , 24, S
20
;'55- 2j
754.0
770. 34
799. 3
790.9
820. 34
87>-5
871. 9t
807.4
837-4
838-9
916.0 754.0
162. 0 24, 7
21
720. o.^
783. I
701. ot
787. It
794. 24
765- 1
80-5. 2
764- 74
781. 5t
8'7-54
806. 3
860. 6 1 720. 0
140. 6 24. 7
22
813 3t
805. 51
761.6
735- 6t
794- 9t
776. 2t
78'i-4
787. 64
808. 04
790- 8
804.8
854- 7 : 735. 6
119. 1 ; 24.7
23
737. 8|
6S4. 4t
748.5
77'-9-l-
815.3
774-2
80s- 7
805. 2t
802. St
807 8t
796.6 j 831.4 , 084.4
147.0
24.7
24
807. 8|
799- 3
754. 94
770. St
81S. It
812.4
810. 4
810. 5
830. 4c
822.6
808. 6 1 842. 9
754.9
88.0
24. 6
25
809. 7
788.9
799- 5
791. 2t
817.6
800. 3
790. 4t
825. \
810. 9
839-0
819.4
839. 0
788.9
so. 1
24.6
26
829. St
828. 3t
816.2
83'- 5
9'5.6t
960. St
852.4
875. 8t
872.0
888.4
849. I
960. s
805.2
•55-3
24.0
27
902.4
916. 9j
903. 3t
963- 9-I-
847.2
840. 3+
859- 94
8(>i. 9
859. 8
863. 14
899. 0
9<'3. 9
840.3
123.6
24-5
28
931. 91
876.0
923. 9t
864. 64
826.7
804. 8t
834- 3
845. .n
853- ^4
868. 8t
895-7
948. 2
804.8
'43- 4
24-5
29
88(>. 84.
877. ot
927.8
898.8
812. 3t
780. St
822. ot
S53.44
873-7
870.5
886.0
936.2
780.5
■55-7
24-5
30
835. 9t
877. 3J-
900.4
886.4
806. 9
76i-5t
795-7
829.2-
877-34
920. 4t
876. 7 j 930. 0
761.5
168.5 , 24.5
3>
803. 7
79>.3
796. 3
795.6 783.4
787-3
785.8
795. 2
797-1
807.6
811. 3
S34. 8
783-4
51.4 1
1
h»
• One minute late.
•One minute early.
!i
)/•)
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
^^.
4^
4^
.^
1.0
I.I
_I25
US
^ L£ 12.0
u
lliil^U4
fliotographic
Sciences
Corporation
33 WIST MAIN STIIIT
WIKTIR.N.Y. MSSO
(716) •73-4503
'^
\
624
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
W i;l
Magnetic declination, Fort Conger, January, 1883.
246° east, -f minutes of table. ^ = + 81° 44' 00"
Day of month.
Guttingcn hours.
0 I
1
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
/
1014. 6
846. It
846. 3
851.6
881.44.
872. 04
816.85
92.2. 3t
879- 9
825.9
808. 7|
814.1
802.9
827. 84
922. 0
949- 1 t
881.44
865. 84
813.04
804. 9t
825- 7t
809. ()4
81?. 8
818.94
831.8
821.2
805. 4t
827. St
S06. 84
801.7+
823. 5
9
/
1011.3
846. It
856. 5+
84s- 7
879- 3t
8Si.7t
789. S
906. ot
883- St
824. 7t
820. 2
823.8+
806. 6+
814 3+
930. 5
951-5+
875-4
848- 3+
813-5
840. 2t
831-7
S05.0
809. 3t
815.8
804. 5+
823- 3
816. 5t
800. It
807.3
811.2
829.3
10 II
1028.2 1019. 9
835.7 841.1
846. 0 840. 2
841.3 846.5
856. 2+ 843. 4+
864. 93 820. 6
791.6 778.6
897.5+ 888.4+
876. 4+ 874. 9+
820.7 1 820. 5t
814.6s ; 814. 2t
807. 6t 1 818.6
Soo.6t ; 802.8
816.8 810.5
935- 6 9.?o 1
939-5 937-5
877. 8t 861. 2t
858.9 j 865.8
802. 3t 807.it
837. 5+ ' 888. 2
829- 9 ' 833. 7
314.9+ 818.7
804. 2 796. 6
813. 2t So7.4t
808. 4t 820.5
823-5 1 777-6
806.2+ ! 819. 1 +
797. 8t ! 804.3
800. 7 803. 4+
812.5 801.5
815.8+ 798.1 +
Noon.
•3
1
1
i I
' 2
3
, 4
\ I:::::.
; 9
10
II
12
13
14
:i ::::::
17 —
18
19
20
21
22
23 —
24 —
25 —
26
27
28
29 -
30
31 -
985-3
1059. 8
825.0
842-7
852. 6t
829. 3t
867. 4+
880. It
868. 8
825.8
794- 8
805. 5:
801. I
798. 64
828, 2
959- 3+
843- 9
843.0
822.7
815.8
807.2
817-2+
787. f't
810.3s
8,?o. 5+
824. 4t
832.8
689.0
819. 5t
794- 2t
773-8
/
1025. 2
836.9
844.8
840. 7t
859- 9t
849. 44
859-1
876.5
870.3
814. 6t
8og.o
802. 7t
807. ot
807. 9+
853-8
951-1 +
845- 4+
835- 2+
815.6
782. I
802. I
802. 8t
805. 24
813- 3t
817-4
820. 54
780.0
730-4
828. 04
796.0
772.5
886.2
848.2
840. 4t
839. 6t
870.4
924. 1
868.44
874- 6t
867. 64
813- 8
818. 8t
808.1
804.9
815-4+
891-3
955- 3
875-4+
845-3
806.2
815-3+
817.1
824.8
S06. 7
813-3
830- 7t
847-7
813- 4t
699. 6
805.9+
797-7
781.84
935-'
851 5
843-9+
839. 1
894-6
'821.2
851-S
852.0
885.3
809.9
834- 3t
809.0
807. 24
808. 3
907. 6
950. 4
850. 4t
835- 5+
843- f>+
837- 7t
822. ?
811. 4
819.2
814 1
846. 2t
826. 0
803. 5t
739- 9+
815-4
809- It
768. 9
/
990. 9
824. 64
846.1
8 p. 64
890.1
868. 9
S69. 6
894. 9
893- 1 +
Si 5. 6
S26. 14.
807. 9
806. 3
805. 9t
911.9
952.03
869. St
851. 6t
Si 6. 94
826.5
829.2
815.63
801.9
Si6.4t
803.7
855- 9
841-7+
960.0
846. 9
812. St
806. 7t
/
loii. 6
838.7
831. 6t
842. 3
8,84. 9
861.23
880. 94.
910.9
876. 64.
821.14
841.7
811. St
809. 5
8ii.8t
922.4
943- (>
859- 9t
865- St
817.13
826. 3t
827.1
820. 24
804.2+
820. 24.
826.5
?'58.ot
S48. 0
811, 1
803.7
806.1
795- 8t
/
979-3
8330
840. 84
843 3
892.8
848. 1
886. 34
904.3
910.5
822.5
807. 14
821.0
807.it
813-4
918.1
936. 3t
863. 9t
89s- St
812.6
8334+
824.8
818. 3t
821.94
810.9
824. 6
932. 7t
795- 9+
835-5
799- 9+
799- 23
801.2
1000. 8
834- 5
839- 4
848. 8
898. 2
860. 44
841.1
901. 6
867-3+
830. 6t
806.24
828.8
808. 34
809. 8t
919- 1
942.9
867.1
839. 04
817.23
830.2
824. 8t
825.2
803. 5+
818. 9t
835-0
789- 2+
817- St
860. 4
805. 14
804.7
806. 44
/
1026. 2
829.7
831- 7t
843-8
846. 4+
847.2
766. It
886. 9t
874.0
815. ot
809.7+
812.83
804.1+
801. 3t
929- 1
936. 5
859. 9
826.4
798.4
926. 5
809.0
883. St
797.4
8II.O
812.6
838.9
821. I
795. 9+
798.2
791.5
779. ot
/
1045.6
839-3
830.0
821.8
857- 3t
817-2+
783- 1+
888.0
868.7
815. 9t
806. 4t
807. 9+
808.0
808.2
920. I
927.2
834. St
806.5
772. 2+
917. 2t
785-4
787. 9
789.6
806.7+
785.3 !
776. St 1
799. 3+
790-3
788. It
798.1
793- 8+
Mean
836. 7 830. 8
835-7
836.9
S51.8
84S. 2
849.5
844.6 846.2
845.2 i 841.2 i 838.4
i 1
839.0
828.3
■One minute late.
ii,!
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
525
Maf^netic i/tc/ination, Fori Conger, yanuary, 1883 — Continued.
X = — 64° 43' 10" -— — 4I' 18"' 55, 3« from Greenwich (or 4'' 58™ 41.5' west of Golliiigen). Magnetometer No. 12.
GOtttngen hours.
%
1
1
.
1 ■
i
0
g
%i
s*
t§
>4
15
16
17
18
«9
20
21
22
23
■&
1
■3
^ \
/
/
/
£
^
3
<
Q i
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
1
/
/
d.
1003.7
1068.5
1058. 9
1052. 2
1053-9
1043.0
loio. 5
1014. 7
1029. 3
1077.4
•015-5
1077. 4
886.2
191.2
24.4
1 i
821.4
826, 3t
816.7 J8j4.4t
790- 5+
741.1
769.1
779- 7t
836.6
839- 9+
834-2
1059. 8
741. 1
318.7
24.4
2 '
820.7
815- 5
817. 5t i 827.5
835-5
838.7
838. 4t
841- 4t
834. 1
845- 2+
836.6
856.5
815-5
41.0
24-4
3 ;
851-3
847-3
839- 5t
832-74
839- 5t
847.9
838.2
843- 9+
849. 4
85'- 5+
843.0
851.6
821.8
29.8
24-3
4I
846.1
S56. 5t
845.9
846.2
837- 24
835- 2t
822.1
8-4- 4t
771.8
855- 7t
856.2
898.2
771-8
126.4
24-3
5 ,
764.2
633- 9t
822.0
806.8
S08. 74
822.0
780.2
840. 2t
Si3-6t
871.8
830.4
924. I
633- 9
290. 2
24-3
6 ;
797- 4t
749- 3+
709- 3+
786. U
790.5
765- 9t
772.6
817.0
887.8
871-9+
816.6
887.8
709-3
178.5
24.2
7 :
S05. 7
947- 4t
847.6
827.6
883- 4t
814.4
843- It
85S. 1
860.2
851-3
875.1
947-4
805-7
141.7
24.2
8 :
858. n
767.8
8i9- 3t
841. 4t
7S2. 2
7'9-5
797.8
821.63
825-9
787- 4+
847.0
910. 5
719-5
191.0
24.2
9 i
8«S-3+
817-3+
809. 8
804. 24.
784.64
798-5
793-7
792- 1 +
784-4
787-5
811.0
830. ()
784-4
.i(.. 2
24.2
10 1
808. 9»
810. 03
810. ij
809.6=
799. 8
814. 1
813.5+
814. 64.
811. 4+
Si2.9t
813.2
841.7
794- 8
46.9
24.1
If \
813.2
814.5
813-3=
787-01
755-74-
761. 3t
787. 2t
800.7
804.4
807.5
805.2
828.8
755-7
73- >
24.1
12 1
788.6
778-3
789- 2t
78s- 2
794-3
815.74
820. 84.
814. I
813-7
805.7
803.4
820.8
778.3
42.5
24.1
"3 j
798.6
803- u
803. 2
791- 5-4
780. 3
753- 5
753-'
794- 3t
791-4+
819.2
801.7
827.8
753- 1
74-7
24.1
14 1
89s- s
924.6
919. I
887.0
859. 9
889.9
900.3
887. 1
905. 9
933 6
905. 1
9.55-6
828.2
107.4
24.0
15 \
920.3
921-3
916. 2
906. 44.
8m. I
835- St
828. 4t
832. ot
847. 2
845- 7+
912.4
959-3
813- I
146. 2
24.0
16 1
825. 2Z
836- 3
773- 9t
042. 4
S64. 2
.S50. 8t
839- "t
802.94
836. 8t
841. 1
840.8
881.4
642.4
239- 0
24-3
'7
81 1. 4+
822.6
825. a
820. 6
776.34
762. 8t
724- 4t
779-9
800. 9t
811. 8t
825. y
895-5
724.4
171. I
24-5
18 1
789. 4
791-24.
825.8
773- 34
'755-3
773-0
768.3
785-1
741.3
764. I
796. 9
S43.6
741-3
102. 3
24.8
'9 ,
819. 9|
785.9
765. of
722.1
749 9t
779-3
691.8
783- i=
797-6
808.8
811.9
026. 5
691.8
234- 7
25-0
20 1
809. 4t
770- 7t
767. 2t
755- 3+
763-5
765. 9
789. I
812. 3t
814-5
824. 84
805.9
833- 7
755-3
78.4
25-3
21 1
818. 9t
807. i|
807. 5t
787-5=
783-8
777-8
77'-4
759-2
776.6
796.7
805.9
•S83- 5
759-2
124-3
25-5
22 1
735-9
787. of
777-7
75°- 5+
781.2
806.7
803-3
805.8
807.14
803.4
79b. 6
821.9
735-9
86.0
25-8
23
799- 2+
791.8
788. 84.
746. of
774-3
757-6
702. St
806. It
768. 4t
768. 24
795- 6
820. 2
702.8
117.4
26.1
24
847.2
791- S|
807. 64.
757-7+
769- 3+
732. 04.
683. 9t
777- 2t
729. 8t
792. 6
798. 6
846.2
68). 9
162. 3
26.3
25
732- 51
723- It
811. 2t
792-3
740-7
7«8-2t
728.6
747- 5t
784. 8t
799- 8
932.7
718.2
214.5
26.6
26
806. 6|
780.3+
727-9
740. It
725.1
678. 7+
688. 7t
686. 34
693-5
734- 2t
778.0
848.0
678. 7
169.3
26.9
27 1
789. 6+
788.2
798.7-4 801.04
773-4
759-7
749- " +
767. 2+
791-3
805. 2
790. 3
960. 0
689. 0
271.0
27.1
28
789-3
787. iz
772.it 767- 8t
784-3
770-3
772-1
777-6
762. 4t
816.64
797. 0
S46. 9
762. 4
84-5
27-4
29
791.9
785-1
776.7 766.1
('795-6)
79'- St
785- 9t
774- It
774-1
770-3
793- 6
812.8
766. 1
46.7
27.6
30 1
715-2
765- 94-
745-7 "<7.i
737-6
74"- 24.
750. ot
755-5
754-2
796.5
777- 6
829. 3
717.1
112.2
27-9
^ i
816.8
812.8
813. 5 798.9
801.6
793-3
787-3
805.0
808. 5
8^5-2
826.5
851. s
787- 3
64- 5 j
' One minute Itte.
*Twenty-six minutes late.
Il
526
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
'Ifi
li
! i!
Magnetic declination. Fort Conger, February, 1883.
246° east, -f minutes of table. ^ = -|- 81° 44' 00"
Day of month.
Gottingen hours.
0
I
/
797.4
820.3
S87. 2+
787.0
S16. 7
794. 6
820.4
808.5+
800.7
So5.ot
779-5=
793- 5^
814. I
83'- 5
785- 4t
820. 3t
795- ot
811. 4
805-3+
804.7
795- '+
778-9
808.7
795-4
942. 3
799- 8t
826.4
835.9+
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
Noon.
«3
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
'3
14
«5
16
•7
18
•9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Mean
/
789.0
803.1
790- 5t
83^'- 5+
804.7
787- 5+
816. (.+
792. It
797- 9t
Soo. 4
781.8
795-5
814. 4t
822. i
806.8
777- «t
797- 8+
792.0
785- 5
795- 2+
799.2
777-7
845-9+
805. 5t
864. 5t
797 6+
801.3+
853-6
802.4
799. 2
839.8
808.7+
835- 7t
807. 9t
836.0
805. 8t
805.6+
812. 2I
782.4=
795-9
814.5+
827.0
798. It
809.9
798.5
810. 0+
803.25
823. 6t
795.5
813.2
852. 3t
808. St
895 4+
814.7
812. 3t
817.9+
/
790. St
888.4
786.5
830.3
823.2
843. 9+
818. 1 +
805. («
80S. 9
827. 2+
782.4
793- ot
81.5.4+
825. 2+
804.4+
792.9
798. 5+
793- "
802. 9t
815.8
794- St
794- 0+
807. 2t
818. 6t
1095.9+
776.4
835- 8+
830.6
/
807. It
339- 4+
800. 7t
845- 8t
830.0
853- -n
839- 2+
8o(j. c)
802. 9t
809.2
786.3
797-5
812.5
Sjo. 2
783. 6+
828. 8
796. 0+
807. 3
814.0+
814. 6t
798. 6+
834- 5t
802. 7+
839- 2
977- 2+
808.3+
822.1
836- 7+
/
823. 2+
77b. ot
841. 1
850. 8+
812.4
833-2
S16. 2+
807. (.t
802. 4t
SlS-3
7S2.9
800. ot
812. 9t
815.0
786. 8
833- 3
799- 5+
7')3- '
886. 5t
789- 7+
706. 2
846. 2+
840. 84
861. 9t
882. 2+
817.8
812.5
834. 5+
/
789. ot
864.5
841. 2t
815-3
838-5
823- 5
830. 6t
811.3
810.9
850. 3
786.9
798.0+
816.3
826.4
799- 7
804. 3+
807. 2t
804. 5
827.6
796- 5t
797-9
85. .5
833- 9+
844. 3t
930.3
821.9
845. 6
859.2
/
787- 8t
787- >t
901. 8t
8o(). S
S5I'. 8+
820.2
834- 9t
805.2
803. 2+
820. (>+
792- 3t
802. 15
812. 1+
817-9
806. 0+
800. 5+
814- .5t
807- 3t
828.7
784- 5+
797-3
807- 3+
888.1
819. 8t
903- 4
818.0+
8.34- 4
828.4
f
797.3
828.2
925- 7
844-5
Sjo. 1
830. 8+
S07.6
Sio.o
800. 6t
812.5+
790. ()t
797- 1
810. St
847- 9
79<''- 3+
798. 7+
806.8
790. 2t
783. 5
821.3
793- 9t
836. 4
862. 8+
839- 3t
853- 9
851.6
829. 7+
813- 7
/
793- 0+
817.8+
847-8
880. 6t
S42. 3
818. 7t
815- 3+
809.9
800. 1
810.2
787.5
793-5
814- It
852.3
790.8
804.0
846. ot
793- 3+
786. 9t
821.2
802.6
8ii.3t
851- 4t
821. 2t
937-7
819. 9t
828.2
833- 5
/
794.7
821.7
853.9+
845- 6+
814.5
825. 8+
811. 6t
813.0+
799- 't
807.1 +
792.5+
795 9
8io.it
832.9
798.8
803.1+
812.9
800.5
787. 6t
829. 0+
796. 2+
815.2+
858. 3+
8 to. 0+
872.6
777. 3+
821.4
840. 3
/
798.4
794.4
814.7
822.4
812. 6t
804.0+
812. 7t
803.3+
794 7t
804.0
790.6
787.4+
807.5
809.6
799.5
796.3
794. 0+
802.2+
787.8
804.0
801.8
781. I
847.1
798.9
86*^. 7t
800.0+
820. 9
8.53- It
/
798.9
828.8
770. 3+
804-7
844- It
806.4
807. 6t
803. .(+
796.1
796. 8t
775-0
788. 3t
805.0
795-9
798.9+
793- 4+
782.9
794. 0+
79". 0+
785.0
818.3+
789.4
806.2
814.3
832.1
794. ot
805.2
814.7
/
789.2
769. 1+
802.2
775.4
825.7
801.2
797.9
801.7+
793- 2t
797- •
775- ot
780.9
799- 5+
794.6
7988
791.0+
780.7+
786.9
789. 8t
712. 2t
793.2
774.7
798.6+
802.4
800. I
800. Ot
814. 2+
773- 5t
804.7
812.9
815.2
821.3
822.4 819.7
826.2
821.0 . 821. I
i
822.5
816.5
806.8
801. s
790.0
^M
\>
THE LAUY FltANKLlN BAY EXPEDITION.
527
■oi
St
Magnetic declination. Fort Conger, February, 1883— Continued.
A = — 64' 43' 50"= —4I' iS"" 55.3" from Greenwich (or 4'' 58"' 41. 5" west of Gattingen). Magnetometer No. 12.
GOttingen hours.
1
1
c
a
of month.
>4
IS
16
'7
18
19
20
21
22
23
I
•a,
*
£
ui
Sf 1
/
/
/
Si
5
1
^ i
/
t
/
/
/
/
/
/
f
/
./.
797-5
790. 51
753-5
740. 14
712- I 565-2
SI0.8
710.6
639- 9
742- 64
767-5
823.2
565-2
258.0
28.2
I
766. 24.
696. 9
815.84
747-2
606. 8 ' 693. 3
755- 7t
803.5
803.5
768.3
787-3
888.4
6o<j. 8
281.6
28.2
2
729- 9+
783- 24
799- 6
733- 7
664. 3t 701.3
787. 64
773-3
799- ot
783-1
802.4
925-7
664. 3
261.4
28.2
3
769- 5t
<>l3-4t
7'o.5
826.1
680. 2 709. 7
700.9
779-3
777-9 ! 775-0
786.7
880.6
613-4
267. 2
28.2
4
812.74. 814.0
787- 8t
728. 34
691. It So2.3t
814. ot
821.5
787.5 812.24
810.8
856.8
691. I
165.7
28.3
5
789.7
794-5
742.2
(^}f^-l
675.0 1 738. 6t
8.W- 51
847- ot
818.5 815. 7t
797- 8
853-2
636. 3
216.9
28.3
6
799-7
806.7
803.2
804. 5
782. 9+ 1 773- 34-
761.1
771- 5t
774. 7 800. 44
805.9
839-2
761. I
78.1
28.3
7
775-5
790.74
788. 14
767-7
747- I 754- I
766. 2t
767- 3+
776. 04 7(;o. 5
792.1
813-0
747-1
65.9
28.3
8
788. of
796. It
792- 84
782.2
785.9 : 767.14
760.9
75'-o
777- ' 794- 3
792-4
816.9
75I-0
65-9
28.3
9
786. It 77-! • n
764. 8t
807.04
781.94 774. 2t
776. Ot
780.3
779- 2 794. 5
795-3
850.3
764.8
85.5
28.3
10
772.9 752.54
728. 14
766. 4t
765- 3t ' 779-7
792- 3t
797- 7+
796. 83 797. 5
780.6
797- 7
728.1
69. 6
28. J
II
784. 4t '• 7<>i.3t
748.4
773- 7
780. 7t 784- I
797- 7t
814. 9t
81 1.8 818.9
791.4
S18. 9
748.4
70 5
28.4
12
799- 9-1-
798. 04
785. ot
788. 24
802. ot i 804. 3
818. 2t
821.94
805.94 1 815-7
808.2
821.9
785.0
,?6.9
28.4
'3
780.2
734- ■ +
737- 8t
782.5
753-3 739-3
810.54
743- H
756-7
784- 7+
798.0
852. 3
7,34- 1
118.2
28.4
'4
794.8
795- 5+
793- <>
795.2
798.9 79' -3
776. 0
800.5
795 9t
809. 7:
796. 1 809. 7
776.0
.W-7
28. 4
'5
782.it 1 752. 8
708.8
772.4
795- 3t 785-04
781.7
801. 4t
793- 2
795- 84
792-6
833- 3
708. 8
124.5
28.7
16
762.3 i 75'-f>
759- 3t
661.2
708. 64 i 773- 2t
795-7
748.8
772-5
784- 5t
781. 1
846.0
661.2
1S4. 8
29.0
«7 1
793-6 i 778- -44-
780. 24
763.2
797- 3+
770. 24
778-6
746.7
783- 9t
814. 64
791-4
814.6
746.7
67.9
29" 3
18
789- 4t ; 77«- 74
784. 9
785- 2t
779- 't
785- 5+
791.24
7')o. 9t
778. 5t
801. 7t
797- 7
886.5
778.5
!o8.o
29.6
19 1
749.84 1 764.0
793- 4
698. 04
793-6
782.4
788.1
789. 0
782.3+
789- 7t
7SS.6
829. 0
698.0
131.0
29.9
20
781.5 792.6
766.7
784- 3t
801.24
761. 4t
787-7
745-'
744-4
772.04
788.2
818.3
744-4
73-9
30.2
21
730- 9t 705- 2t
619.3
658.0
686.2
754- 5+
7«3-3t
748.9
788.94
799- ot
771-5
851-5
610. ^
232. 2
.?o.5
22
781. 3t i 745- fit
751- It
759-44
819-5
825. 64
771-8
763-4
797 -.3t
774- 84
812.2
888. I
745-8
'42. 3
30.8
23
805. s 1 74-'- 9t 599- It
657- 5t
857-4
848. It
735-6
669. 4
607.9
843- 5
786. 1
861.9
599- '
262.8
31-1
24
816.8 ! 830.4
823-4+
805.84
772. 4 ! 786. 5
779-2
771.04
77I-3-I-
776.1
857.8
lo<)5.9
771.0
324- ')
3'- 4
25
700.9 : 8 16. 2
730- (>t
749-8
759- 44- 1 643. 4t
736- 24
751-0
766. 2 1 780. 0
779- 6
8?l.6
643- 4
188. 2
3'- 7
26
808. 8t i 724- 4t
764,2
750. I
698. 2t i 434- 0
716.14
77I-3J-
822. 3t
722. ot
780.1
845. 6
434- 0
41 1. 6
32-1
27 i
808. 3 i 823. 2
5'3 o|
525-9
786.5 j 75 J. 4
776. It
788.94
781.1
832.3
79'- 5
859. 2
5"3-o
34I). 2
32.4
28
780.6
768.1
748.0
744.6
752.9 745.8
775-7
773-9
774.6
792-5
794.1
826. 2 1 744. 6
81.6
628
THE LADY FltANKLIX BAY EXPEDITION.
Magnetic declination. Fort Conger, March, 1883.
246° cast, 4- minutes of talilo. o — -j- Si° 44' 00"
^.% -x.
I
o
I
i ---.
4
5 -
0 _...
7 --
8 ...
9 ...
10
II
13
13 --
H ...
15 ..
1 3 . . .
17 ._.
l3 ...
19 ...
20
21
23
23 .-.
24 . - - -
25 ....
26 ...
27 ....
28....
29----
30----
31 ----
Mean .
Gotlinycn hours.
7f>2. 2
7-^7. 5+
«34- 4
Ki i. o
7.y2. !>
7f'i-7
7S5 7t
Sio. if
792.8
788.2
792- 4t
785. «
801. 7t
824.4
821. I
J«I7.3
799- 3t
823.4
X09. 3+
80S. 5+
805. ct
798.0
8of'. 2
802. 84.
80O. 9t
819. I
805. o
860. 3t
796.6
80S. 4t
S04. I
7<i7.4j.
809,0
812. 9t
«59. 6^
781. 7J.
^.?4- 9
829, 6
779-4
784.0
i;o6. St
826. 2t
791.9
S32. .5
801.74.
805.4
«03.7t
8'3-7
836. 5t
815.4
804. 2
819.1
751. S;
799- 5t
810.8
802. 14
817.7
809. 5t
«35- 0+
806.4
^■57 ^
7')5- I
809. 4
829.0
837. 8t
829.7
822.6
815.9
8n.6|
788. 6
827. 5+
787. 3t
822. 91
813-4+
797. 3
807. o-f
81J.0
822. 7t
804.42
813-5
807. 9t
814.
800.
864.
848.
i 796.
I 808.
813.
854.
904. 9t
875-3+
749- 5t
827- 1 +
826. 3
820.5
-7
-9
. I
.6
•7
.0
.4
.0
II
Noon.
/
/
810. 74
,SoS. I
82s. 7+
679.4
803. 5
783. 84
837-3
801. 9t
824.2
85S. I
812.7
820. It
809.0+
798.3
819-5+
789- 24
809.4
798.8
819.9
809.8
797.7
799. 9t
781.0
775- It
788.4
832. 6t
818.4
801.7
795.5
807.5
801.74
788.1
798.6
789.3
810. of
792. 3+
804.9
790.8
798- 9
795. 8s
850. 9t
778.6
834. 9t
778.04
822. 14
799-3
800.34
799- 9t
811.14
823- 2+
842.6
841.2
889.9
892.5
857.6
758-9
854.0
778 ot
801.6
793-6
827. 4t
834- 4
818.0
799-9
"3
727.0
813-5+
791-8+
795. <>t
821.3+
801.4
844.2
784-9
797-9
802. 1
769. 8t
781. St
785- 5+
734 9
813- 5t
785- ('+
777- >+
791.2
794.8
794- 9t
785-9
775- 4t
777-3
802. 4+
817.14
830.3
814.2
817-3
853-3
798-7
833.5
796.9
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXrEDlTlON.
;i =
Magnetic Jfclinat'wii, Fort Con^rr, Afan/i, 1883 — Continued.
— (i\° 4^' 50" -- — 4'' iS'" 55. j' fri)m (Irecnwicli (or 4'' 58'" 41.5" hcsi uf GcUlingcn). Magnetometer No. 12.
U. Mis. 393, i)t 2 34
52U
Cottingen hours.
i
1
read- j
S- 1
i
1
ta
8 5
t
0
M
'5
lO
•7
18
'9
20
21
22
23
>.
Ifi
^
•n
1
(3
2i
a
<
/
'
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
f
f
/
,
/
,/.
805. 2t
775- 0;
643- 5
75'-'
746.5
725.1 632. 6t
733. 2t
760.7+
856. 5+
7S5.1
883.1
632. 6
250.5
32.7
I
545- .U
712- 5t
704. 04
737- 4
76J. 1
753.0 816.0
815.9
817. I
760. 14
791.0
906. 7
545. 3
361.4
32.'
2
784. 8t
7'J-6
75 '-84
734- 2
7^3- 9t
7.H.7 776.4
770.0
844. 5+
799. 94
805.4
892. 9
713.6
179.3
3'. 4
3
796. 24.
801. U
X18. 1
835- 9
779- 3t
758.8 ; 758.it
748. 3
802.4
808.8
817.0
880. 1
748. 3
131.8
30.8
4
822.8
797- 04
778.2
796. 7
775-8
785. 7 798. I
803. 3t
799- 3
811. 9t
815.8
871.4
775-8
95.6
30.2
5
792.8
797- 7t
812.04
768. 74
801.0
7S5.4 741.0
693- 2t
788.4
793- It
S02. 1
834. 9
693. 2
141. 7
29. 6
6
800.1
799.6
788. 1
76<j. 9
663. 9
718.9 784.1
764.3
760.5
737. 9
791.0
869. 2
663. 9
205.3
29.0
7
750. 2t
617.4
75S.7
79'- 9
784. 8
7652 73'. 3
718.6
758.7
737. 8t
789. 5
925. 3
617.4
307. 9
28.3
8
810. 5+
804.5
801.94
749- ot
685. 6t
707.04 764.54
816. It
799. 7
811. 8
801.8
S96. 6
6S5. 6
211.0
27.7
9
78S.8
784- 5
781.7
766. 63
762.4
741.8 i 746.7
779.8
764. 24.
785. 7t
794. 9
835. 4
741.8
93-6
27.1
10
766. 24.
776.5
776. 5t
756. 7t
788. ot
775.4+ 772.9+
789. 9t
798. 4t
808.54
794. 4
826. 2 756. 7
69.5
26.5
II
755- 2t
742- 3t
737-6
770.2
757- 5
739. 5 808. 3
758 3
760. 2
811.64
781.2
815.0 737-6
77.4
25.9
12
502. 2j
800. 9
764.8
749- 3
781.4
774. 2 795. I
807. 9t
814. 3t
796.2
805.9
938. 7 502. 2
436.5
25.2
13
769. 91
792. It
775-1
745-8
782.5
759-4 j 791.it
803. I
803. It
801. 3t
802.6
874. 2 734. 9
139. 3
24. 6
14
790.9
777-1
765.8
785-0
786. 2t
773.9+ i 773.9+
783.6
812.2
809.it
802.2
861.5 765.8
95.7
24.0
15
775- >
781. ij.
787- 7t
722. 0
745- 't
786.84. , 808.8
815.8
806. ot
779- 94
800.6
852.9 722.0
130.9
24.0
16
776.8
781. 7t
790.0
778. 14
778.8
758.8 : 787. ot
793. 5t
754.3
819.4
801.4
848. 3 754. 3
94.0
24.0
'7
757-2
798.0
799- 4-I-
794- 0
797-9
776. 5+ 1 786. 5s
763.3
788.0
799.3
801.0
836. 5 757. 2
79.3
24.0
18
796.8
796. 5+
801.5
801.9+
788. 64
789.2 790.4+
790.6
797.2
802.2
803.6
823. 4 , 788. 6
34.8
24.1
'9
794- 6j
792.4
789.9
793- 5t
787.4.-
79'- 3+ 790.7
798.9
799.5
796.84
799.8
825.0 , 787.4
37.6
24.1
20
778.1
807.1
769. 84
730. 4t
794- 8
744.04 1 658.84
691. u
749.2
795. 4t
798.0
921.3 i 658.8
262.5
24. I
21
817-4+
774- 2+
702.8
7,36. 3+
766.6
708. 84 690. 7
739. ot
816. ot
848.8
807.0
931.4 , 6(^.7
240.7
24.1
22
703- 5t
763- 2
780. It
780. 44
773-3+
750. 7t 749. 6+
779. 5+
786. 74.
827. 7t
804. 3
887. I
703-5
183.6
24.1
23
798- 3t
802. 2j
793- U
779 84
775-6
772. 3t 1 79'. 6
783. 7t
786. ot
805. 2t
811. 8
860.7
772.3
88.4
24.2
24
811. 4
797- 7+
758.7
776. 6t
747- 3+
761.3
783. 3+
740.8
771.2
811. 8+
807.2
867.8
740.8
127.0
24.2
25 i
804- 3t
819. 14
804. n
803. 04
785.7
789.5
792. 3+
795.9
690.3+
790. 94
816.3
887. 1 : 690. 3
196.8
24.2
26
721.6
773- 4+
755-04
787-7
649. 3t
618. 5t
729. 7+
753.'
757. ot
796. 14
805. I
924. 3 , 618. 5
305.8
24.2
27
784- 5t
755-9
585- 9t
747- 7t
743 '4
716.8
742.2
735-5
716.7+
795. 3+
800.7
S91.3 ; 585.9
305.4
24.2
28
775- 6+
785-64
7.M- 3+
594- 6t
696. ot
773-3
781.9
782.3
805.1
802. 1
806.1
940. 5 ! 594. 6
345.9
24.2
29
803. 6t
80J.3
785-2
767.0
792. 4+
775-0
817.2
780.1
814.9
797. '
810.0
859.4 767.0
92.4
24.3
30
83'- 3
811.5
738. 84
763.0
784. 8t
767. 2| : 747.7+
788.7
745. 9t
833'
808.6
868. 2 ! 738. 8
129.4
24.3
3'
768.1
778. 5
762.4
763.1
761.0
754-1
765.8
77'-5
782.8
801.0
802.0
847. 5 754. «
93-4
530
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Magnetic declination^ Fort Conger, April, \ 883.
246' east, + minutes of table. ^=1-481° n' 00"
4
e
0
&
GOttingen hours.
0
I
2
3
4
s
6
7 8
9
10
II
Noon.
/
809.1
820. 9+
820.8
884. s
825.6
829. 6t
815.9
830.3
804.4
787.0
796. St
848.5
817.6
823. It
933.7
824.4
838.5
812.1+
845.5+
768.5
768. +t
807.6
788.7
794. 6t
803. 6t
780. 4t
817.3+
807. St
855.1
823. 1+
>3
778.6
812.6+
1014. It
829. 3+
824. 7+
85s- ot
824. 2+
815.3+
828. 5t
779.0
810.0+
826.9
815.4+
8ii.9t
928.2
806.6
799- 8+
815. 9t
806.3
755- 8s
772-4
765.0
781. ot
776.7
786.7
798.8
795.2
807.1 +
849.3
835.9
I
3
3
4
7
8
9
10
II
12
13
14
IS
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Mean
/
837.0
785.9
901. ot
799- 7+
901.8
760.2
83s- 1
781.1 +
819. 2
804. 3t
830. 8t
838. 81
773- .U
821.6:
879. 41
96S. 4t
828.9
826. 6t
741. 9t
768. 4t
788.7
819. 24.
835. ot
816. 7t
798. 84
869.2
796. 4t
810. 4t
799. 9+
819.9
/
816. 8t
816.71
917.6
749. 7+
^53.8
840. 2+
829.0
817.9+
874.7
S17.8I
832.6
840. 6t
818. 8t
829. 4+
893.0
82S. 6
820.4
817.0
846.3+
801. 6t
811. 6t
832.9
8i6.it
808. 63
798. I
727.9
830. s
820. 4t
830. 8t
823. ot
f
818.8+
801.9
954. 9+
872. 9t
795.5
840.4
839.6
816. 2t
846.3
817.3
868. St
844.2
818. I
816.0
902. 45
905. 8t
824.4
815. 2t
865.7
871.0
806.4
824.0
856. 4
807.4
849.2
843.0
800. 8t
820.5
840. 6t
817.0
/
871.2
812. 6t
936.7
8.?5-4+
842.7
885.84.
825. St
831- ot
846. 1
846. 04,
864. 6t
851. 8t
826. 6t
852. 04.
907.7+
841. 9t
919. 7+
798. 9s
902.7+
8S9. It
815.8
820.7
839.9+
816.31
851. ot
799.9
811. 6
847.3+
846.4:
841.04.
/
822. 9t
809.6
943.9
849.7
825.3
848.9
835- 5
83s. It
847- It
846- 3t
839-7
836. 5+
833. St
867. 0
920. 3+
862.3
834-7
800.44.
870. s
897.5
841. 3t
828.4
826.7
812.9
819. It
849.7
823. 8t
853.0
830.9
835. 9+
/
854- 1+
806.9
941.4
873.2
833-6+
902.0
838. 2t
860.4
83s 3+
823- 5
866. 6t
832.8
826. 6:
837-7
927- 0+
871.6
837- '3
806.3
815-2+
876. 8t
838. ot
826. 84.
822.6
811. 6
872.6
892- 9t
839. S+
866.1
S36.9
853- ot
/
808. It
838.9
972.6
865. n
805. 2t
868.2
841.0
863.2
847- 3+
820. ot
852. 7t
851. 6t
807. 9t
833-3
926.6
849.0
851. 9t
785- 4+
917-7
882.7
831-7+
799-4
824.6
801.9
843-2
894- 0+
834- 6t
861.9
837- 3t
844.8
/
833-3
861.04.
949- 4t
856.6
830- 5+
855.9
839- 7
866. 7
861.3
821.4+
860. 6t
844. 7t
859-7
830.5
918.4
841.8
830.9
702.6
8r,2.i
S55.3
803.8
848. 54
825. 51
806.6
859.0
879- St
884. 04
898.6
853.6
854-9
/
859-6
842.0
882. 6^
869.2
823.5
843.7
840.6
831. I
831 ■3t
810. 74.
844- 7t
862.3+
837-6+
833.1
927. 4t
818.4
853- 7t
793- 8+
829- 5
801. 6t
812. 9t
820. 54
816.2
803.84
864. 4t
864.9
807.1
881.6
863.9
848.1
/
856. S
817.8
894-2+
869. ot
880.4+
829. 24
833-9
855- 6+
840. 5t
815. 9t
851.8
820. 2t
830. 4+
816.9+
956.0
869. 8
796. 7+
863.8
873-9
818.3+
769. 7t
850. 5+
8o6.it
807.2+
808.3
844. St
802.6
845.3
869, ot
830. It
/
819.8
806.3
1 157. 9
879.2
821. 4t
838. 6+
828. St
837. S
886.3
822. 1+
843.4+
822. 2+
844.8
822. 8+
'970. 4
854.8
794. 7
809.5
865.7
799- 3
791.6+
804. 4t
835.9
805.8+
844.7
768. 3+
820. 9+
852.7
857.5
814.0
/
831.0
820.1
851. 8t
836.4
841. ot
811. 2
827. 2+
840.6
790.7+
816.0+
849. 6t
821. 3t
856.4
824.2
942. 8+
852. It
830. 3t
818.8+
844. 92
774.5
797. 9+
793-6
818.6
787. 9t
875.0
760. I
852-3
842. It
838.9
855.8
821.9 825.4 840.0
845.9
844.9
850.9
84S. 7 850. 9 840. 7
i
840.8 844.0
830.1
819.4
816.9
' One iniDutc early.
•^i;i
Tin: LADV KUANKLIN UAY KXI'KDITION.
531
778.6
812.64
1014. If
829- Si-
824. 74
855. of
824. 24
815-34
828. 5t
779- o
810.04.
826.9
81S-44
811. 9t
928. 2
806.6
799- H
815. 9t
806.3
755- 8»
772-4
765.0
781. of
776-7
786.7
798.8
79S.2
807.14
849-3
835- 9
816.9
Magnetic declination. Fort Conger, April, 1883 — Continued.
X = — 64" 43' 50" — — 4'' 18'" 55.3* from Greenwich (or 4'' s-Sm .ji.5« wcsl uf Hfittingen). .Magnetometer No. 12.
Gottingen hours.
23
ily mean.
1
ri
1
1
(Terence. j
(A
«4
• 5
16
17
18
•9
20
21
22
/
f
/
/
0
/
J
<
&
/
1
'
/
/
f
/
811. 4
805.24
760. 9t
777-8
743- 5t 759- 9
788. 8 768. 5
817. 2t
807.54
810.7
871.2
743- 5
127.7
24-3
1
771-4+
776. 8
766. 24
735-14
700. 4t 775.0
757. 6 7(.6. 64
752.04
762.5
792.4
861.0
700.4
160.6
24- 5
2
754-2
745- 94
6^o. 1
014- 5t
817-7
68(.. 4
K45. It , 807.44
789. 4
Sll.cif
Sto. 1
1157.9
614-5
543- 4
24. ()
3
732. n
778.4
769. 14
779- 8t
697.4
'39'- 4
699. 5 ! 763- '
888.6
769.6
797- 5
888. 6
.W'-4
497.2
24-8
4
805.4
75'. 3
77'. 3
785- 9
803. 8
757- 64
731.54 ; 742.0
786.3
788.2
809.5
901.8
73' 5
'70-3
25.0
5
813.9
815.9
819.6
793- 0
798. 4
797- '4
782.4
792- 3t
8.2. 5t
850.4
828.5
yo2. 0
^(1o. 2
14I-8
25.2
6
820.8
818. 84
817.5
816. 24
8'3-5
818.44
822. 84
838. 8t
837. ot
832. 3t
828. 8
S41.0
8>3.5
27.5
25- 3
7
824.2
813-4
794. 8t
777-24
782.4
758- 34
750.2
765. It
783- 34
794. 3t
81?. (1
806. 7
750.2
1.6.5
25-5
8
792- 4t
812. I
777-64
799- 04
774- 34
790.0
820. 34
808.4
808.3
851.4
824.7
886. 3
774.3
112.0
25-7
9
783.8
736. i|
808.44
811. 7
797- 74
805.1
828. 1
812.2
787.5
802. 9t
808.4
846. 3
7.?6- 1
no. 2
25.8
10
809. of
807. «
811. 4
8.9.7
801. 5
803. 2
775- 24
824-4
853. 5
854.4
832.2
868.8
775-2
93-6
26.0
11
846. St
827.0
820.6
808.7
795- 5
793- 6+
7S9.0
797- 74
800.8
851. ot
828.0
862. 3
789.0
73- 3
26. 2
12
788.3
723-8
793-7
774- 9
753-7
652-3
763-1
822.5
807.34
803. 84
S02. I
859.7
652- 3
207-4
26.4
'3
806.4
807.64
801. 3t
797- 6t
799- 0
812.7
813-34
821.3:
8.57. 8
842. 5t
823. 3
867.0
797- 6
69-4
26.5
'4
930- 24
904. I
828.9
912.4
959- 2t
927- 04
972- 04
959- 8t
o(>8. 74
939- 7t
926. 5
972.0
828.9
'43 '
26.7
'5
836. 8
818.1
804. 84
822. 4t
820. 14
842.0
803. ot
799- 84
835.'
835. 8t
842.2
968.4
799.8
168.6
27.1
16
797.0
806.0
814. It
793- 54
798- 4
787- 3t
792-2
819- 4t
836. 13
823- 3t
817.9
85 V 7
787- 3
66. 4
27.4
'7
789.1
803.64
761.4
757-8
712. 1
756.2
772- 34
77'. 94
718.6
724. 14
784. 7
863.8
702. 6
161. 2
27.8
18
801.54
777. 3t
733. 24
739-7
729- 34
685.6
67'- 54
689.9
642.2
722-3
796.3
9<7. 7
642. 2
275-5
28.1
"9
680.34
697. 34
690.2
670.8
650. 5
650. 9t
759- "t
687. 14
834.7
783-7
777.7
897.5
650.5
247.0
28. 5
20
765.7
773-94
773-1
769. 14
778.2
777- 3t
770- 94
784. 't
804- 7t
793- '
793-3
84'. 3
765. 7 .
75-6
28.9
21
773-7
783-7
766. 6t
750.0
749-7
785- 14
8ov8
809.0
779-7
798. 94
801.7
850. 5
749.7
100.8
29.2
22
777. of
782.9
794- 6t
709- 34
779.2
814- 4t
828.5
818.6
825.0
835. 3t
814- 5
856.4
777.0
79-4
29. 6
23
790.7
757-7
730.7
738-7
639- 04
671.6
678- 3t
677. 4t
701.6
699.0
764- 3
816.7
639.0
'77-7
30.0
24
739-0
782. 5=
787-6
728. 7t
750- 44
756-44
777-8
777.5
791.4
794.7
806.7
875.0
728.7
146.3
30.3
25
789-2
762.3
756.0
737- 74
641- 3t
702. 9t
708.0
742. 2t
738- 74
809.5
790.0
894.0
641.3
252.7
30.7
26
780.9
810. It
795- «
780-54
759-5
741.3
752-4
737.7
754- ot
818.3
801.9
884.0
737-7
146.3
3'.o
27
823- 5
804.63
815. 2t
799- 9
765.2
737. 5
753- «4
802. ot
828.1
832.7
824.0
898. 6
737-5
161. I
3'. 4
28
836. 2t
821.9
801.2
811. 3t
769. 9t
782-3
742- 54
767.2
772. 5t
8jo, 3
822.3
869.0
742-5
126.5
3'. 7
29
823. 8t
800.7
797- 24
773-4
749-04 ! 739-44
746- 8t
634. 8t
7«6.2t
757-5
801.4
855.8
634. 8
1 221.0
32.1
30
796.5
790.2
779-7
775-9
764- 3
75'-9
776. 6 780. 3
797- 0
807.0
814.2
S50.9
75'- 9
99.0
■ One minute early.
I l|
532
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY KXPEDITION.
Mai^nelic declination. Fort Conger, May, 1883.
2460 cast, -f- minutes of table. ^ = -)- 81° 44' 00"
Mi
Day of month.
Coltingen hours.
8 9
1
\
0
1 2
3
/
4
5
/
6
/
7
10
If
Noon.
'3
/
/
'
/
/
/
/
I
849. 5
847. 6
868. ot
865. 7+
867.04. '• 887. 1 +
965. 9t
923. H
872. 7 883. 74
905.64
855. 2t
872.5
869. 64
2
817.3;
829. 5+
876.0
861.0
899. 5t 1 845. 24
819.24
8O7. 3t
878. 64 888. 5
897. 8t
845.4
818.5
805. 2t
3
811. 4t
871.1
782. 4+
810. 6t
844. 6t 1 868. 3t
841.9+
883.0
844.9+ 838.2
842.4
840.4
833. 7+
812.6
4
754- 0
796. 4
793. 6t
818.7
843.0 841.0
830. ot
832.04
787.94 829.6
829. 4t
834. 7+
820. 34
834. 9
5
8cx) 8
814. .It
824. I
786. 8;
821. 2t 819.9
823.8
859. 3t
798.4 814. 2t
77°. 9t
782. 3+
793. 0
814.3+
6
761.64
810.7
839. 4
865. 0
817.5 1 840.93
863. 0
879. 2
817.9+ 855.7
835. 4t
804.4
812.84
815.0
7
825.0
844.0!
839. 7
849. 5+
873.1 1 883.9
844. I J
867. 4t
885. 84 , 839. 3+
824.5
847- 5t
813.3
785.1
8
«.?4.5;
832. 9
837. 3
863. 2+
852.lt i 874.4
83,. I
805.74
832. 7t 858 5t
840. 84
808.24
818. 2t
742. 2+
9
774- 7t
7<)5. 2
805.8
775.3+
795. 1 1 1 759-3+
740. 7+
775.3
800.64 794.3
762. I
758. 8t
742. 7+
767.1
10
8j6. .,
S50. (>
820.5
866. 6
857. 4t 846. 4
839. 4t
877. ot
826.4 810.64
850. 8t
806.4+
835. 8t
823.7
II
861.2
853. H
818. It
857.9
842. 3 860. 2+
833. 2s
861.7
853. 7 832. 34
844.64
833- 6
840. 2
810.5
12
802.2
824. s;
83s. I
854.6
878.5 819.53
840.3
853. 64
860.94 834. 5t
821.8
826. 7
8'3-3
828. I
«3
843- 8
847.5
823. 8t
842. 8t
838.6 841. I
835. 2+
829.5
851.8 1 840.8
8330
816. 5t
815.it
794.6
14
786. 2
820. of
784. 2+
776. 2|
777- 7t 909.6
867. 6t
846. 6t
923. 8 896. 7
855.8
844. 4t
832.3
787.1
«s
817.7+
816. 6t
814.9+
805. 2|
802. 2t 833. 34
835.2
820. It
834. 5 824. 4t
866.9
865. 9+
852.4
818.9+
16
S28. 2
811. 8t
806. 2t
821.1
829.7 1 818.84
820.8
851. St
902. 4t 875.04
920. 14
851.4+
815. 2t
670. 94
17
812.9
817.31
799.2
810.5
802.34
803. 9t
822.5
801. ot
787. 24 872. 94
815.4
796. 6
755-4+
817.84
18
748. It
863.2
861.8
874.0+
846. 0
874. 6t
847. 7t
910.6}
793.3 772. 8t
772.9
83". 3+
811. 6
740.2
«9
835- 7t
827.9
840. ot
827. 1 +
817.4
835.3
849. 8t
922.3
773.24 ! 823.6
842. 6t
884. 8t
831.9
811.64
20
841.7
800. of
834. It
835. 4+
850.4
817. I
858.9
790. It
745.0 784. >t
802.9
770.7
791. 6t
811.64
21
795.2
837.6
855. a
896. 0
920.3
821.9
852.6
921.5
902. 3t 892. 04
809.8
884. 8t
823.4+
854.0
22
740.2
909. It
810.5
840.0
832. 7t
918. 6t
878.7
934- 9
806. 4 906. 7
830. 94
867.7
835. 3t
801.8
23
832.4
795.3
788.4
845.8
914.6
916.9
8i8.6
908. 5t
873. 9t , 825. 2
883. 6t
859. 9
819.6
846.7
24 -
766. 9t
8.54. 0
858.1
829. 9t
806.94
824. 84
827. 2+
84S. 9
813. 9t ' 850.9
869. I
870.8
869. I
843.2
2S -
797- 't
811. 3t
802. 9
820. 5+
856.1
864.2
852.4
847.64
812.6 816.8
827.1
801. 3t
805.7
796.4
26
729. 8t
853. 6| 806. 5
798. 2t
816.3
853- St
821.8
830.5
876.64 944.94
887. 3+
828.5
877.0
806.7
27
835.6
852.9
813.4
842. 3t
815.5
816. 24
873. 2
791.9
857.6 823.0
850.5
875.4+
838.5
807.2
28
763. 8t
767. 8
840.2 1 813. 3t
792.8
872.6
783. 2+
824. 0
S94. ot 846. 0
821.24
853.0
852. ot
823.8
29
843. 4t
792. 2
797.0 825.0
865. 4t
841.5+
836. 7t
875.9
879. 9 859. 8
858.0
795.2
818.2
787- 9t
30 --
778. 5+
834. ot 821.0
817.5+
837.9
859.1
809. 4t 1 849. 8
854.44 : 885.3
830.8
851.8
839. 2
817-3
31
Mean
700. 2t
773- 2t 796. 4
793. 6t
755.7
844. 0+
867. 4t j 8S3. 7
827.44 > 725.5
773-7 +
850. 8t
764.6
766.9
800.8
827.0
821.7
831.9
837.7 ; 849.0
1
840. I j 857. 2
j 841.0 1 843.4
838.3
833. 7
821.4
803.6
I il'fi* -7
THE LADY KUANKLIN HAY KXI'KDITION.
533
Afdj^netic ifitiinatum, Fort Conger, May, 1883 — Continued.
A = — 64* 43' 50"= — 4I' |S"| 55. 3« from Creenwich (or 4'' 58'" 41.5* west of (iuttingen). Magnetometer No. w.
•J
5 869. 6|
5 80s. A
n 812.6
3+ 8j4. 9
3 814. 3j
SJ. 815.0
? 785. 1
2t 742. 2|
?+ 767- I
it 823.7
t 810.5
{ 828. I
t 794. 6
787.1
818.94.
t 670. 9+
1 817.84
740.2
811.64.
t 811.64
4 854.0
t 801.8
846.7
843.2
796.4
806.7
807.2
f 823.8
787. 9t
817.3
766. 9
803.6
GOttingen hours.
c
J
lOd-
1
it
I
Difference.
i
<
1
>4
•5
16 17
iR
•9
30
31
22
23
1 Daily om
Highest
■» ing
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
863. 44 852. 44
810. of 847.0
759-7
781.6
770.2
755- 5+
761. 1
8ii 84
847.8
965.9
755-5
210.4
32-5
I
830.44 i 811.84
802.54 7S6.0
706. 64
810. 64
815.3s
732- 8t
765. 2t
807. si
828. 2 i 899. 5
732- 8
166.7
32-1
2
842. 3
797- .n
795-4 788-14
772-74
777-7+
7''0. 3
7to. 7t
767. 9
797- 't
816.0 883.0
760.3
122.7
31-7
3
818.3
813- 7t
787. 04 799. 1
7f'3- 9t
770- 4+
710.3
lH-1
742- 3
776. 84
799.6 843.0
7'o.3
"32.7
i^S
4
775- 2|
756- 9t
737.6 1 721.9
73'- 4t
724-04
662. 2
753- <'t
752-04
753- 3
778. 8 ; 859. 3
662.2
i<»7. I
•io- 9
5
808.2
808.24
831.9 , 829. 2
710. 7t
768.7
773. "t
803. 2t
760. I
805. ot
813.4 1 879.2
710.7
168. 5
.{0-5
(>
766. 4t
755- 3t
728.4 1 691.5
737- 9t
738.0
751.3
790.4
771- it
867.8
809. I 1 885. 8
691.5
194. 3
30. 1
7
784. 5
737- 74
796.74 724.14
718.0
764. ot
719.6
761. 2t
775-2
790. It
800. 3 ! 874. 4
718.0
156.4
29.7
8
7J26
774- SJ-
793- It 773-7^
766. 2
752.84
713-4+
790.8
833. 8t
827. 1
775-2 1 833.8
7'3-4
1 20. .\
29- 3
9
823.6
819. 84
816.84 . 782.94
775- 4t
772.8
786. 6
800. 2t
820.2
813-5
823.7 ! 877.0
772.8
104.2
28.9
10
807.31
822.7
793-7 1 8o'i. It
815.14
811. 2
811. )
828. l:
816.6
834- 7
831.3 861.7
793-7
68. 0
28.5
11
824. 94
820.42
802.3 810.04
821.54
808. I
842. 3
797- 3t
788.5
823-5
826.7
878- 5
788.5
90. 0
28.1
12
795. 7+
813-7
790. 94 740. 5t
756. 2
778. It
784-7
768.0
770. 9c
8o2.7t
810.6
851-8
740.5
111.3
27-7
13
784. 84
800.3
824. 5 810. 54
806. 8t
821. 5t
860.0
825. 5.'
862. 0
840.3
831.0
923-8
776.2
• 47. 6
27-3
14
810. 84
794- 4t
786.34 752. 2t
746. 8
710.0
732. 4+
811.5
828. 9t
825.5+
808.6 866.9
710.0
156.9
26. 9
"5
785. of
708- 5+
731.5+ 725-14
753- 3
75''- 4t
810.8
825. 9t
845. 3t
834- 4
810. 8 920. I
670. 9
249. 2
26. 9
16
783. 6 i 793. 2
767.44 81 1. S
778- 04
725-8
745.5
778. 3
830.1
777-2
796. 1 872. 9
725-8
147. I
2(). 9
'7
7f'3- .U , 73-'- 2
738. ^> i 7fM.5t
776. nt
782.0
784. 7+
757-' +
77f>- 5
826. 3
802.0 910.6
732-2
178.4
26. 9
18
794.5
7S2. 6
762.0; 761. 6t
699. 14
7'4. 7t
754- Ct
780. 5t
815-7
769- 3
806.6 1 922.3
699- 1
223. 2
26. 9
>9
821.34
778.84
742.8 , 748.9
708.1
650. 1
618.7
f'43. 4t
748- 2t
741. I
772.3 858.9
618.7
240. 2
26. 9
20
740.3
710. 9t
760.6 i 701.8
7,M-7 73>-9
661. 2t
704. 6t
679. 2
780. 9t
803.0 921.5
661.2
2fiO. 3
26. 9
21
680.24.
767. 84
791.44 784.14
703- 24 735- 2
781.0
778.3
807. 3t
766. It
812.8 934.9
680.2
254-7
26.9
22
770. It
77'- >t
750. 64 693. 14
799. 8t 810. 5
800.9
813- 2t
825. 6t
814.9
824. I 916. 9
693- 1
223. 8
26.9
23
789. 7
780.74
750. 2t 736.3
739-24 745-9
737- 5t
788. 3t
781.4
754- It
804. 0 870. 8
736-3
I.54-5
26. 9
24
776. 3t
760.6
769.64 768.6
754-4 1 753- 6t
734-9
743- 5
728.4
801. It
796. 0 864. 2
728.4
i.«-8
26. 9
25
819.94
777-5
700. 84 739. 5
792- f'
711. ot
688. 7+
75'-9
790. 4t
767.1
803. 0 944. 9
688.7
256. 2
26.9
26
781.2 1 848.5
770. 9 776. 0
762. 6
740. 3
769. 2
692. 4t
706. ot
692. 4t
801.4 875.4
692. 4
183.0
26. 9
27
864. 74 j 829. 74
719.7 716.7
737. It 802.6
780.34
840.8
782.7
786.3
808.7 ' 894.0
716.7
177-3
26.9
2,S
822. 84 786. 7t
735- 7t 729-0
758.5+ ' 753-7
794-4
790.5
748.4
776. 9
807.2 879.9
729.0
150.9
26.9
29
848.94
803.8
803. 4 745- 51
780. 8t ] 757- 0+
786. 5t
800.4
705. 3t
759-1
811. 9 885.3
705-3
180.0
26. 9
.30
779-5
757-41
791- 2t 709-7
732.9 ! 721.24
704- 4+
777-3
799-5
795-9+
778.8 883.7
700.2
•83-5
26.9
3'
796.4
788.0
773-6
760.5
75''. 7 1 757- 5
756-3
774-5
780.5
794.2
807.7 1 849-0
756-3
92.7
534
TlIK LADY !• HAN KLIN HAY KXPEDITION.
AfiH;>iitic diclinadony Fort Coiij^er, jfiinc, 1 883.
246° east, -f mi'iutcs of table. ^ | 81° 44' 00"
■I
GOtlingcn lioun,
! ,i
1 ..
2 ..
3--
4 -
5 --
6..
7 --
8 ..
9 --
10 ..
11 --
12 ..
U --
14 -.
15 --
16 .
17 ..
18 ..
19 -.
20 ..
21 .-
22 ..
23 --
24 ..
25 ..
26 ..
27 -.
2S ..
29..
30--
Mean
782.2
726. 3t
82,S. 6
859.2
801.2
81(1.2
7«o.3t
7S4. 9t
752. ot
«52- 3
801. 7t
808. 9t
850. 8t
749. 4
793- o
741.6
Soi.7t
SJS- 9
1S40.4
7«7- 3
811. 2t
82S. 4
806. 5t
794. 8
802. I
757- f't
792. I
Sf)8. 04.
S13. I
815.lt
802.8
798. o
791.81
877.8
«S3- St
809. 9
822. .?t
790.7+
806.3
8.3.2+
822.3
814.0
«40. 7t
«4S-3
784. 24
809. 8
707.9
«J7. 3t
8o<}. Sf
SS2. 3t
5*23. 7
848. 2
817. 6+
789. 3
820.8
818. jf
814.7
833.9
782.4
830. 9
817. 7t
7S2. 4
831. 9t
815.8
8?o. 2
«3S- H
812. 9
832.4
824.9
78 1, of
865. 7
815. 6t
838.2
849. 4^
930. 04
813.4
827.9
922.44.
869.51
843. 2
825. 64
025.7+
824.3
912.5+
823.3
7<jo. 6
819. 6t
898.4
823. 4
Si4.6t
818.7 I 840.3
775- «t
S20. 5t
862.2
857.3
841.84
83''. 3
824. I
832. S+
830. 14
841.7+
829. 5
837. 4t
860.0
938. I
849.4+
880. 14
899. 6
S,S2. I
875.6
836. 4
785. 5t
84S. 14
918.2
822. 04
771.8=
770. 9t
737-1 +
847. 4+
804.8
805.0
837. 3
f
811. it
927. 0+
880. 04
840. <)t
8 }o. 64
837. 8
839. o
839. 64
905. it
817.8
832. 7+
829. 3t
863. 3t
917. It
814.6
848.9
1029. 8
905. 5
880. 9
834.0
854-5
842.9
984- 7+
799-9
812.6+
819. 4t
729. o
802. 3
827. 7+
850. 04
807. I
810. 5t
852.84
865. o
82a .^'+
84<). 04
848. 2
8.5. 6t
8''5.5+
821. 4
835-2
835- 8t
847. 7
896. 04
840. 84
818.6
865. I
7"3. 7
85 ••7+
881.2
804. 54
842.0
91 1. 4
793-0+
826. 51
809. 14
830. 3+
9 1 8. 7
830. I
806. 6t
809.9
875.2
8i>l.ot
874. 2
811). 8
85.8. 5+
844. 3t
845. 7
870.4
820.4
861.3
841. 2t
875. 7t
882. 4
827. 5t
840. 4+
868. 14.
926. 5
891- 7+
905.7
849. 7
802. 4+
888.5
835. 5
845. 4t
827.2
851.0
874.7
831.64
822. 2t
775-2
(),So. 84
-92. 84
864. 6t
844. O
834. 2+
844.5
835- i
810.34
815.2
852. 6t
802. 9
')oo. 7+
(jto. 84
826. 54
826. 8t
961. 2
907- 5
927. 8
862.9
875-7
S02. 8
943.4
943.0
7'jo. 9+
838. St
826. 84
788.8
813.3
844. 8t
746. 4t
891.4+
884. 5
790.8+
814. 1
S87. 2+
I 824. I
830.0
' 851. 9t
1 839. 5
; 831.8+
' 834. 7+
829. It
062. 24.
812.8
83.,. 8
878. 6
916. It
884.9
855.9+
789.2
854.0
853. 5
775.5+
786. 4t
907. 4t
996. 4
767. 8
862. 9+
917-0+
752. It
920. (1
938. St
874.3
811. o
842. ot
854. 3+
8o<j. 5
873- H
802.2
824. 7
793. I
787. 5t
958.9
836. 94
830. 3t
869. 5t
930- 9+
824.2
802.3
793-4
878.7
846.3
836.6+
813. 2t
898. It
889.2
869. ot
887. 9t
840. 2t
853. 6 i 838. 7 I 854. 3 856. 5 I 850. S I 849. 6
10
II
/
/
823.4
861.9
789.7
902. 64
852.0
833-4
780.9
774-6
842. 3t
782.5
865. 5
925- It
790. 6
821. I
850. 6+
834.0+
867. 9
854- 9+
828.0
815.4
878. 7t
8.50- 5+
783. 9t
791. 2t
835.8+
766.4
867. It
743- 7
740.4
778.2
804.0
757-0+
693. 8
965. 8t
860. 5t
905.9
851. 7t
829. 0+
894. I
878.3
809. 6t
807.8
781.9+
867.3
907-2
825.3
866. 6t
822. 8+
737- 6t
833.6
985-3
871.8
935-8
928.3
81/. S
800. s
875.0
858.1
803. 7t
937-8
834- 0
840.2
Noon,
821.0
859- St
865.9
786.9+
786.9
1004. 5+
812.6+
840. 7+
793- 5t
816 It
844. 4t
806. ot
743-8
786. 5+
745. 4
809. 2t
906. 54
808.8
818.5
782.8
820.3
805. 5
876.6
794- 8t
813. 5t
877-6
859.9
819. 1
796. 7t
861. 9t
'3
/
831.2
902. 8
765.8
780.6
800.34
869. 94
826. o
854.4
869.84
807.1
743- S
81SS
804.0
813-5
7503
807. ct
961. 2
843- 6
793- S
792.1
797- 3
800. 9
834- S
797.0
812.2
819.0+
916.8
845- 8t
775-6+
888.2
825.5
824.0
n
■ One minute early.
TIIK LADY I'KANKLIN HAY KXPEUIii-
635
X = — 64° 43' 50'
Mas^netU dtcUnation, Fort Conf;er, yiine^ 1883 — Continued.
— 4'' 18'" SS-3' froro (Irtcnwicli (or 4'! 58™ 41.5' west of Cuttin^cn). Mngtulometer No. 12.
/
0
83t.a
St
902.8
9
765.8
9l
780.6
9
800.31
5+
869. yj
H-
826.0
7+
854. 4
5t
869.84
«l
807. I
4t
743- S
of
81SS
S
804.0
}^
813. S
\
75° 3
't
807. of
i+
961.2
k
843.6
793- S
I
792.1
:
797-3
800.9
1
834.5
t
797.0
t
812.2
819. oj
916.8
845. 8t
t
775.6+
t
888.2
824.0
GOttingen hours.
^
1
ri
est trad-
ing.
"\
•3
i
0
«4
15
16
>7
18
19
20
21
22
23
:&
%
^
.2
/
/
/
/
/
/
s
^
Q
<
0
/
/
/
/
f
/
/
777. «
750. 3
743. 4
7.^3. 5
720.4
715.3+
645.6
650. 5
667.5
697. 1 +
761.6
861.0
645.6
216. 3
26.9
1
821. I
8or..3
737.8
705.8+
652. 7
(.76. 9
689. 6t
769. (.
747.3
743. 1 +
807.5
980. 8
652.7
328. 1
26. 9
2
791. 6t
788.0
716.24
706.3
766. 3t
792. 2t
729.1
757- 8t
770.6
851. 1 +
815.8
038. 5
706.3
232. 2
26.9
3
H02.0
768.6+
8to. 6t
793- 8
768. 2
756. 4
752. 3t
749.7
763.3
796- 5t
807.6
874.3
749. 7
1 24. 6
26.9
4
802.4
809.4
798. 9t
781.84
776. 4t
792 3t
796.4
796. 9+
830.6
830. ot
810.7
844.0
776. 4
67.6
26.9
5
798. 9l
814.64.
794. -It
730.5
721.7
725.6
686. 3
642.4
674.8
775- ot
809.4
1004.5
642.4
362. 1
26.9
6
7«3. 't
794. 8
791.84
755.0
764. 7+
764.6
697.3
738. 9t
736.4
768. 6
797.0
854.3
697. 3
157.0
26.9
7
7«4. 3
794- «
786.64
724.1
759. 6t
736. It
745.1
751.lt
773. 9l
744- 3t 800. 1
854.4
724. I
i,to.3
26.9
8
787. 6t
828.3
792. 3+
746. 5
681.44
718. 1
729.8
749.5
754.0+
761.5
803.7
905.1
681.4
223.7
26.9
9
80s. •
804.0
836.7
828.9
738.3
740. 9+
818.5
743.3
757. 7t
780.5
809. 1
865. 7
738.3
127.4
26.9
10
754. 6t
739. *
752. I
724.3
727.0
75.). 8
754. 3+
815.8
770.1
820. 2t
800.6
878.7
724.3
154.4
26. 9
II
748. n
757. 6t
714.4
736. 2
749. It
765. 5
719. 8
744. 9
750. 5t
918.2+
794. 6
918. 2
714.4
203. 8
26.9
12
907.5
856. 9
782. of
706.4
659. It
802. 9t
748.6+
697. 5+
807.6+
864- 5+
812.2
907.5
659. I
248.4
26. 9
'3
790.2+
767. 3t
730. 9
702.7
766. 74
695.3
726. 3+
710.4
791.3
808. 7t
820.0
962.2
695. 3
266. 9
26.9
14
767. 7t
787.9
772.9
774.5
765. 9t
760.3
696. 2+
762. 9t
802.3+
800.6
788.8
849.4
696. 2
153.2
26. 9
•5
805.7
779.8
785.7
782.0
741.4
748. 4t
748. 5t
771. 5t
800.5+
756. 3t
797.9
880. 1
741.4
138.7
26.9
16
884.9
701. of
667.2
686.8
717. of
788.4+
759- 3
761. 2t
710.6
791.1
829.9
1029. 8
6(^17.2
362. 6
26.8
17
864.3
801.7
712.2
826. 4t
550. It
713. 6t
690.9+
705. 3t
772. 6t
821.3
817.3
930.9
550.1
380.8
26.8
18
751.7
795.2
745.3
661.6
772.4+
816.4
816. 2
769.6
789.4
807.0+
820. 5
927.8
6bl.6
266. 2
26.8
19
77'. 7
774.0
746. 2t
670. I
709. ot
783.0
711. 9
758. 9t
662.6
764.7
796.4
905.7
662.6
243. I
26.7
.'O
795.8
782.1
790.8
773.5
759.8
754.4
745-4+
763. 7
790.6+
798.6
805.3
925.7
745.4
180.3
26.7
'
803.4
814. 1+
740. 14
800.24
751. 5
6.;8. It
806.84
9li>. 0
760.7
799. 9t
811. 8
912.0
698. t
213. V
26.7
773.4;
789.9
796. 6t
798.9
770.2
752. ot
738.6
696.5
719. ot
771-3
829.3
984.7
696. 5
288.2
26.6
759. 0+
779. 3+
757."
748.0
747- 9+
722.2
695.2
710. 5
732.0
832.3
792.0
943.0
695.2
247.8
26.6
-:4
776.9
764.9
713. 5t
670.0
669. 6
()8o, 6t
610.9
757-3
712.8+
791.8
766. 8
845.4
610.9
234. 5
26.6
-J
874.4+
736. 9+
78S. 94
694. It
706. I
743. 4+
719.6
723.2
745.5
823. 4
807.2
985.3
694. 1
291. 2
26.5
26
825. It
840.7
763. 2t
658. 5+
815. 4t
763. 3+
648.8
632. 7
678. 8t
749. 3+
805.6
996.4
632.7
363. 7
26.5
27
79«.5t
807. 4t
697.8
766.8
754. 6+
761. 8t
702. ot
789- 8t
826.7
803.2+
808.7
918.7
697. 8
220. 9
26.5
28
815. 5t
799. 51
785. 5
798. 4s
766. 6+
774.1
719.3
725-8+
752.0
780.4
806.2
887.9
719.3
168.6
26.4
29
816. 7+
660. 6t
658.9
676.6
700. 6t
703. 7+
712.0
697-1
760.3
808.0
792.5
937.8
658.9
278.9
26.4
30
801.3
783.1
756.7
738. 7
731.7
746. (>
725.4
741.9
753.7
795.3
804.2
856.5
725.4
131. 1 1
536
THE LADY FKANKLlN BAY EXPEDITION.
Mapielic (frcli nation, Fort Conger, yi'b\ ' ^^3-
246° east, -f minutes of lal)le. ^ ^ -f 81° 44' 00'
m.
O
4
5
6
7
S
9
10
II
12
'3
••t
'S
i(>
'7
18
'9
20
21
22 .
23
24 ■
25
2() .
27
28 .
29.
30-
3'
Mean.
32 .—
Ciottingen hours.
791. 2t
750- 2
809. 5
781. 1
804. 9
7S8. 3t
850.2
895.0
775.5t
977- H
720.8
737- 6
830. ot
7S2.4+
i 799. 2t
i 7S6. 8
! 77S.3+
: 806. 4t
847. 6t
748. 7+
788. 14
831.8
S08. 6
812. 9t
790.9
815.01
S09. n
' 822. 9
I S16. 2
j 848.2
8og. 8t
8o,S. 0
; 741.54-
724. 9
S28. I
i 841.4
I 803. S
' 794- ot
. 7S0. 8t
; (.28. 5
I «54- It
! S79.44
864. o
788. 6
' 887. 9|
808. 8t
770.5
818.4
816.7
757. f't
S72. 3
745' 3
73f'. 4
8 JO. 9
, 810.6^
' 821. I
I 846. ot
' 7S3. 3t
709. bl
Sii.4t
817.6
«c)5. 3t
914. I
846. ot
So(). o
7S2. St
840. 04.
805. 6
818- ?
817.14
776. 8
805. 44
789.0
850-5
822. 6.^
757- 74
873.7
839. (>
850.6
779- '
812.44
754.6
789. 5
856. o
779. 2
789. ct
790. 7
817 6
885. 3t
7S2. I
766. 9
799. <'t
S04. 2t
820. 9
814. 2t
891. 3t
84S. 4t
sn- 8
770.7
861.9
873. 2t
823. 2
853. 4;
823. 9
812.8
821. 6t
822. 2
83S. u
799. 8
93'- 5
827.9
839. 2
827. 2
829.7
816.2
802. 9t
9"5'
811.6
803. 74
823. It
861. 9t
855- "4
873- ('t
808. 4t
808. 1
826. 2
790. 7t
940. 7t
784. 4
838. 4
838. St
930-7
880. 6|
767- 3t
827. ot
821. 5
782. 4t
835. f'4
S19. I
827. 8
9"-54
822. o
878.2
832.6
809. 4t
828.2
795- 4
824.8
847.4
930. I
842.7
822. 5J.
S09. ot
828. ot
795- f't
9"9. 5
814.4
852- It
826. 9
802. It
960.5
838- 2t
841.1
8S7-6t
9ll.9t
953- 7
824.8
839. 2
804. 3t
793. ot
S46- 7
799. 5
825.6+
')43- 3t
^54-5
953- 94
844.it
798.8
825.9
9S<>. 74
795- ('
888. 8
839. 7t
842. 6t
820. 9t
806.24.
821.44
836.9
819. 8
836. 9
805. 5
825.4
829. 7
924.0
861.4
983-7
916.5
804. 4
918.0
853.1
862. 9
824. 14
918-2+
828.7
705.0
872. 4
910. 74
844. 3
818. 6t
818.3
897- 4t
947- 24
804- 7t
873- 54
843- ft
816. nt
830. It
S48. 8
859„2
820. St
7'i7.54
78S. 5
804. 3
824. 8t
'»67. 54
8S4. 1
806.6
857.6
790. 6t
880. 8
845. 2
802. 4i
848. 9
937. 44
809. 14.
837. 4t
776. 84.
913.94
885. 9
819. 6
845- 3t
863. 8
791-34
787.6
828. It
876. 14
81.5.3
795. 2
830. 5
878. 9
831.2
856. 8t
814.7
795- 9t
82<). 9t
906. 7
877. 14
931.24
909. 2
798. 94
892. I
852- o
870. 7
857. 6t
961.84.
767.64
941.74
863. 1
892. 24.
889. 24.
827. It
831.54
701. 5t
928. 8
932. 9t
839. 8
854.8
899. 5t
805. 6t
833- 6
824. 84.
797- 84
792.1
938- 5
780. 11
858. 84.
985-0
931.6
849. 4
900. 5t
854. 7 ! 839. 8
845-0 I 803. 5t
S()4.
762-
852.5
823. 4t
955. 4
846.3
861.04.
812-7
776- 54
907. I
745- 5
849- I
995-6
852- ot
891.8
790- 64
788- 04
814-0
822-8
836- o
825.4
865.2
869. 2
765.4
8.53. It
908.4
823- 3t
784-3
903- 3
787-44
864-1
859.7
876.0
844.7
9O8- 4
886.9
780. 3t
866. 8t
859. ot
761.14
7'5-"4
890.54
738.7
900.4
927- 64
895- 5t
855-04
909. 4t
876.6
775-8
810.6
879. 6t
891.3
830. I
862. n
836. 94
789. 54
791.74
899. ot
838.7
813. Ot
784.0
774- '4
813.0
724-3
915. It
835-3
936. ot
II
Noon-
13
/
/
/
8S7.S
846- 5
855.6
819. 3t
812.34
838.4
873- 5t
865-1
83'- 54
885. It
847. 14
814.0
754.0
858.9
798. S
792. 6t
772.54
699. 6t
S13-34
805-3
805-8
846. 3t
802-2
733. 74
677-6
732 6t
756-8
819.8
727-1
750.5
823. 6t
849.8
797.7
75'-7t
796-2
764-0
921.8
895-4
847. 84
845.7
869- 9+
814.34
791.6
774- 9t
783.2
806.5
840-8
833. ot
798.7
841-7
783. 3t
1085.0
573-4
887-4
827.1
804.8
779. S
791-8
858. 64.
784-3
832-3."
818. 4t
810-9
818.44
780.0
785- 5
842. 2t
802. ot
786-8
764.2
869.8
796-0
848. 3
818.4
803.3
859-8
840.6
826-6
784-6
789.8
761. 3t
735-7
784-7
791.4
760. 1
774- «
786. 4t
859-7
804.6
814- 4t
905- 24
892. 14
864. 34
826- 5
811-3
799.5
1057.8
960- 6
814.9
TUE LADY l-'KANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
537
'3
855.6
1 838.4
, ^•''■5+
i 814.0
798. 5
1 699. 6t
805.8
733- 7^■
' 756.8
750.5
797-7
764.0
847- 8+
; 814.3+
783.2
833- of
783. 3t
887.4
779-5
784.3
810.9
785.5
786.8
796.0
803.3
826.6
761. 3t
791.4
786. 4t
814. 4t
864.31
799-5
814.9
Magnefic liirlination, Fort Conger, yufy, 1883 — C'ontiniieil.
X=. — 64° 43' 50" — 4'' 18'" 55.3" from dreenu icli (or 4'' 5S"' 4 1 .5" west of ( ;ollint;cn). Mannetomettr No. 1 2.
GiMtingcn hours.
«4
1
15 '
/
f
817.0
776.8
840. It
865.5
817.3
75'. U
800,0
793. 3+
785. u
733. 3
723. 6t
676. 6t
818.84.
862. 6
73<.o+
815. 4t
765. 7t
848.9
805. 4t
772.9
838.6
875.0+
726.8
73'.9t !
809. 5
725.5
868. 2t
729.0
784.3
762.2
811. 0
780. 7 j
805. 5+
770.0
851.3
1026. 9t
746.1
722.7
782.3
785.9
812. 4t
810.04.
790.5
791.8
776.0
787.1
822.2
811.5
768.4
736. 14.
798.6
782. 8|
841. 8t
780.5
785.8
744. 6t
813.4
804. 5t
852.5
809. of
811. 0
764. 4+
8oo. 0
788.0
836.8
777.8
16
632. 7t
801.24.
762. 54-
749. 3
708.5
7'5.3
727.3
774-4
865. 8
741.6
789.5
745.9
705.9
579 4t
785.8
737. 2+
775-5
671.(4
735. 9
749. 9-i
792. 9t
787. 3
773. o
652.64.
672. 2|
672. 34-
754- 6t
779- 24
805.2
664. 2
739- 3
17 I 18
7«4-3+
802. If
754-6
753- 74-
670. o
7.4-8
703- 9
660. 7t
839. 84
773- 3
778- 7t
739- 8
712.04
732. 3
705- 84-
7.U- 3
77S. 24
809. 2
75>-5t
798. o
809. 4
809. 3
779. 6
667. of
7o<). 4
706. 9
729.6
761. 7t
729- 4t
529- 14
<>9S. 84
737-0 737.3
723. I 669. 4t
/
663. 6
759- 6t
747- 9
795- 34-
662. 9
732. 6
604.0
747- 5t
816. 6t
760. 84.
738- 4
744- H
716.0
825. 7t
498. o
704. of
745- 5t
7II.94-
732- 7+
726. ot
814.5
776. 4
781-5
090. 2
698. 4t
726. of
758. 14
752.4
7S1.84
5''9. 54-
7'4-74-
725.8
690. 5
19
645.4
Soft. 4
718. 6t
783. 7
650. 6
732. 94
669. Sf
629. 6
805. 6t
746. 6
874.8
773- 3=
707-8
736- 4
742- 3
707- 94
77'- 8
600. 74
7'3-74-
733- <>t
794- 84-
781- 7t
73'- 24
703- 1
740. 3
742. 5t
7S9. (.
736. 4t
()90. 04
070.4
6S9. 54.
729- 7
770- 3
20 2t
/
659- 2t
708. 44
744- 9:
760. S
65S. St
699. 74
673- 7t
654. I
793- 5
768. 1
722.1
771.8
754-0
826. 64
726. ot
6S1.8
733-
440.
735-
702
774-
761
768. o
743- 94-
784- 74
649- '4
8ii.9t
776. 24
714.6
63 1 . o
710. ot
724- 7
823. 2
-3
7
■St
■7
. o
.1.4
/
6S2. 0
827- 74
728. 2
777- 8
736- ot
7S2. (.4
637- 4t
659. 2
6I.5- '4
7'7-'4-
742- 5-+
7(.o. 14
757- 4t
876. 9
701. o
679- 3
758- 7
697- 5t
670. 2
753- 94
Si 5. 14
77'- 3
788. 3
759- "
776. 84
759- 4t
787.0
790. It
702. 3
755- 9
804- 3t
22
745-9
622.4
/
700.7
75'-'
7'«>-.5t
701. o
S20. (
809. 44
799- 5
755- 3
723- '
70S. 04
776. 5
7S0. 4t
85')- 7
944- '4
724. I
775- 4t
(.(.1.74
OS7.5
778. 5
82(). 2
777-6
7S2.6t
753-2
74S. o
783. 5t
Soo. 84
7S9. 4
7'>8. St
717-9
752- 2t
745- 6
SSS. 3t
77 '-34
780. 84
750. 04
85'- 3
844. 8
747- 5t
8O7. o
75'i- "
7 t"- ''
810. 7t
-10. 1
;-i23. 34
092. 54.
S28. 54
S02. <)
<i3'^- n
73'- 4t
Soi. 04
S24. I
779- 2
820. 54
765 - 5
787- 3t
791- 5t
824. 9
7<)2. o
782. 7
S5S. ot
Oi)(>. ot
767-0
728.4
794- 9
776.7
797-9
8(1.0
801.8
81S.0
76'). 5
772.8
7S1. I
79(>. o
800. 4
81 i.o
814-5
814. 7
811.0
804. I
777-6
787- 3
803. 1
S03. 7
787. 2
791). 2
Si 7. 4
795. 0
SoS. o
795-8
7.S9. 8
785. S
805. 0
7S7- 6
79'- 3
810.8
813- '
799- 5
S3
/
983- 7
<»53- 7
955- 4
91S. o
801.6
870.7
81 )o. 5
901. S
900.4
977- 6
995.0
953- 9
921. S
870. 9
94 »- 9
956- 7
947- 2
10S5.0
'».?o- I
S7C.. 1
899. 5
8;i.8
885. 3
908. 4
909. 5
859.8
938. 5
826. 9
804. I
985.0
931.6
u ■-
is
o
/
632- 7
750-2
7 '6- 3
749- 3
650. ()
676. 6
604. o
029. (>
605. 1
705.0
708. ()
720. 8
705.9
579- 4
498. o
r>7<). 3
733- 3
44<>- 7
()7o. 2
726. 6
774-0
761.6
73'- 2
052. 0
672. 2
641). I
729. 6
735- 7
690.0
52'). I
(.89. 5
864. 2 ; 724. 7
35»o
203. 5
239- '
16S. 7
211.0
• 94- «
286. 5
332. 2
235- 3
272. 6
287.0
227. I
215.9
2')7- 5
446. 9
277-4
213-9
638- 3
259. 9
'49- 5
125.5
70. 2
'54-'
255. 8
237- 3
210. 7
208. 9
91. 2
174. 1
455-9
242. 1
«39-S
■a
e
0
e
w-
0
Ul
>.
X
a
-1;
Q
</.
26.4
1
20.3
2
26. 3
3
26. 3
4
26.2
5
26. 2
6
26. 2
7
20. 1
8
20. 1
9
20, 1
10
26. 0
if
26. n
12
26, 0
'3
2O. 0
14
25- 9
'S
25--)
16
25-9
'7
25-9
18
25- 9
'9
25. s
20
25- 8
21
25. S
22
25-7
23
25-7
24
25-7
25
2,5.0
26
25. 0
27
25- 6
28
25-5
29
25-5
30
25-5
31
33
THE LADY FRANKLLN BAY EXPEDITION.
539
RECOGNITION AND ANALYSIS OF THE DISTURBANCES OF THE MAGNETIC DECLINATION.
In order to conform as closely as practicable to the method of reduction favored by the conference, as expressed by the
president of the Commission in Circulars Nos. 39, and 40, and preparatory to the treatment of the disturbances, a collection
of the hourly readings of the declination is here given for those days which have been pointed out as generally (as far as
known) quiet ones. At Fort Conger the deviations in the readings are so great that it is almost impossible to attempt a
selection of undisturbed from disturbed days, particularly in the absence ol any definite rule for doing it. We were obliged
to omit the following dates from the list ot quiet days, in consequence ol the great irregularities in the Fort Conger record at
these dates pointing to disturbances, viz: 1882, August 3, 21, 23, 24; September ;; October i; November 4, 10, 11, 29; De-
cember 15. 1883, January 2, 23; February lo; May 9, 12; June 4, 5, 15, and July 21, 22, 23, 28, 29.
The final values for each hour are given at the foot of the recapitulation of the six separate results or combinations by
pairs of months. In this state they will be found convenient for such further operations as the Commission may choose to
adopt.
-i
i'. I
540
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Hourly values of seUcted (supposed) undisturbed days, grouped in pairs of months, in accordance with Circulars A^os. 39 and 40.
246° east -|- minutes of tal)le.
Date.
GSttingen hours.
0
806.4
783-5
817.7
2
3
4
/
810.5
803.7
817. 1
5
805.7
791.2
827-4
6
/
809. 1
790.4
824-3
/
S01.9
799-3
826.7
8
9
/
794-3
784.7
819. 1
10
/
793- 0
788.7
812.3
II
/
801.3
787.1
815.8
1882
1882
1882
1883
1883
1883
1883
1882
1882
1882
1883
1883
1883
1883
1882
1883
1883
1883
1883
1882
1882
1882
1883
18S3
1883
1883
1883
1883
1882
18S3
1883
r
Sept. 16
Sept. 24
Sept. 29
Mean..
Apr. 10
Apr. 14
Apr. 17
Apr. 22
Mean..
Oct. 19
Oct. 20
Oct. 21
Mean..
Mar. 1 1
Mar. 17
Mar. 19
Mar. 20
Mean..
Nov. -
Feb. 7
Feb. II
Feb. 12
Feb. 13
Mean..
Dec. 6
Dec. 8
Dec. 14
Mean..
Jan. 3
Ian. II
Jan. 13
Mean..
May 10
May 11
May 13
Mean..
Aug. 26
lune —
July -
808.6
787.1
797- •
/
810.6
793- «
811. 7
/
816.9
798-3
812.5
/
790-3
792-2
819.5
797.6
802.5
805. I
809.2
810.4
808.1
807-9
809.3
800.7
799.4
798.0
801.4
804.3
821.6
828.9
819.2
817.8
829.4
820.4
832.9
817.3
816.0
824-4
824.0
846.0
852.0
819.7
820.7
846.3
867.0
834-7
828.4
823- 5
837-7
837- 3
826.8
820.0
833-3
851.9
799- 4
821.4
830- 5
S30. 9
848.5
Sio. 7
833-1
853-7
820.5
815.9
816.9
796.7
850.5
822. I
822.8
794-7
804.4
816.0
824.2
830-3
793-6
818.5
825.1
820.4
834-6
844-1
83>-3
826.2
832.8
829-5
820.0
811. 0
816.0
795-9
798-3
793-6
786.9
797-4
797.0
795-9
794-9
797-6
797-4
796.9
799.0
794-7
799-4
794.2
797-1
793-3
798.4
805.9
802. I
791-5
806.1
794- 0
798.0
796.3
793-2
797-2
791.4
794-6
793-0
794-0
79'- 3
792- 5
796.1
791.1
789.1
795-9
793-8
796.1
797.8
796.1
796-3
799.8
799-4
7050
793- 0
792-6
792.1
788. 2
817-3
822.4
809.3
826.2
813-7
81S-4
804.2
808.4
834- 3
813-2
805-9
812.7
820.1
810. I
805.7
806.9
838-7
806.2
825.0
818.6
817.9
809.7
798.8
802.3
807.9
823.4
808.8
805.6
848.3
811. 6
805.0
802.6
815-5
810. I
802.9
804.2
824.1
804.3
802. 9
813-4
813-5
814-7
800.9
797-7
798.6
804.9
798-9
809.3
814.9
815-4
812.2
819.2
811. 2
810.6
817.6
807. 8
808.9
810.6
800.0
1
1 j
1 ""
! I
816.6
781.8
795-5
814.4
820.4
779-5
793-5
814. 1
836.0
782.4
795-9
814.5
818.1
782.4
793-0
813-4
839-2
786.3
797-5
812.5
816.2
782.9
800.0
812.9
850.6
786.9
798.0
816.3
834-9
792-3
802. 1
812. 1
807.6
790. 6
797-1
810.8
8.5.3
787-5
793-5
814. 1
811.6
792-5
795-9
810.1
812.7
790.6
787-4
807-5
802.1
801.9
807.2
801.7
808.9
803.0
80S.0
810. 4
801.5
802.6
802.5
799.6
804.1
811. 7
787.2
819.6
824.8
795-7
823.4
819.9
803-5
804.8
815-4
804-3
803.2
799-4
817.0
793-6
806.6
810.7
798.4
807.6
811.4
800. 8
SiS-9
812.2
798.4
819-3
812.6
792.6
821.4
812.8
799-3
811. 6
807. 9
796.5
801.0
813.4
815.6
801. 2
807.8
803-3
805.2
S06.6
808.8
808.2
811. 2
805-3
825. 0
794- 8
801. 1
844.8
V09.0
807.0
840.4
818.8
804.9
843-9
834-3
807.2
846.1
826.1
806.3
831-6
841.7
809.5
840.8
807. 1
807.1
839-4
S06. 2
808.3
846.3
80S. 7
802. 9
856.5
820.2
806.6
846.0
814. 6
800.6
840.2
814.2
802.8
807.0
820.3
821.4
828.5
826.2
827.6
818.5
818.0
819-3
827.8
820.4
819.1
836.6
861.2
843-8
850.6
853-1
847- 5
820.5
818. I
823.8
866.6
857-9
842.8
857.4
842-3
838.6
846.4
860.2
841. I
839-4
833-2
835- 2
877.0
861.7
S29.5
826.4
853-7
851.8
810.6
832-3
840.8
850.8
844.6
833-0
806.4
833-6
816.5
847. 2
850.4
820.8
855-8
846. 1
849.2
835-9
856.1
844.0
827.9
841.8
818.8
752. 2
789.1
801.5
833-2
827.1
794-7
817.7
795-3
796-5
805.0
794.0
806.2
..., 1
1.
*
' i
■
ii ►:* ;
[ ;•■■
II
/
/
.3-0
801.3
8-7
787.1
2-3
815.8
8.0 80I.4
2. I
816.0
2.8
824.2
4-7
830.3
4-4
793-6
i.o 1 816.0
4.0
796.1
'•3
79'- I
2-5
789-1
3. 6 I 792. 1
5-4
797-7
i-5
798-6
►-7
804.9
'-9
798.9
).6
800.0
:
.6
812.7
-5
790.6
-9
787.4
807. 5 j
•5
799-6
•4
811. 6
8
807. 9
3
796.5
2 80s. 3
0
840. 2
6
814.2
6
802.8
4 1 819. I
8
806.4
6
833-6
0 816.5
X
8 818.8
0 1 806. 2
:
i
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Hourly values of selected (supposetf) undisturbed days, grouped in pairs of months^ etc, — Continued.
246" east + minutes of table.
541
Gdttingen
lours.
Mean.
D.ite.
Noon.
"3
"4
/
799-8
765. 0
772.6
IS
798-9
768.3
798.3
16
'7
i
18
«9
20
21
22
2J
/
791.4
788.7
795- 0
798.4
778.5
797- •
/
805. 1
772.1
794-5
/
781.3
763.8
770.3
/
792-5
770-5
740.0
/
800.0
785.0
759-4
/
801.3
776.9
772.0
/
789.1
783-8
782.8
/
803.9
770.9
780.3
/
741.6
769.2
797.6
/
798. 0
783.0
798.4
Sept. 16
Sept. 24
Sept. 29
Mean.
Apr. 10
Apr. 14
Apr. 17
Apr. 22
Mean.
Oct. 19
Oct. 20
Oct. 21
Mean. '
Mar. u
Mar. 17
Mar. 19
Mar. 20
Mean.
Nov. —
Feb. 7
I'el). 11
K-1). 12
K-l>. 13
Mean.
Dec. 6
Dec. 8
Dec. 14
Mean.
Jan. 3
Jan. II
Jan. 13
Mean.
May 10
May 11
May 13
Mean.
Aug. 26
June —
July -
1
1882
1882
1882
'883
'883
188^
1883
1882
1882
1S82
18S3
1883
1883
1883
1882
1883
1883
1883
1883
1882
18S2
1882
1S83
1S83
18S3
1S83
1S83
1883
18S2
1883
1883
791.4
790.6
779-'
788.5
771.8
767-7
781.5
783-4
785-2
785.0
769-5
791 7
793- '
787.0
823. I
838.5
807. 6
779.0
811.9
799.8
765.0
783.8
806.4
797.0
773-7
736.1
807.6
806.0
783.7
808.4
801.3
814. I
766.6
811.7
797.6
793-5
750.0
797-7
799.0
798-4
749-7
805. 1
812.7
787.3
78s-'
828. I
8'3-3
792.2
803.8
812.2
821.3
819 4
809.0
787-5
837.8
836.1
779-7
802.9
842.5
823. 3
798.9
807. s
823.3
817.9
801.7
814.0
7S8.9
790.2
783.4
797.6
788.2
786.2
797-6
809.4
8.5-5
810. 3
816.9
812.8
784.0
785.3
785-7
785.8
786.7
7S1.9
791.7
781.4
781. 7
775-5
774-7
777-8
755-'
778.0
773- '
733- 2
777-8
769.0
795-9
780.8
775-4
796.9
775-'
783-4
795-9
782.3
792.0
798.0
797.2
796.2
808.6
799-9
792.4
795-4
795-9
800.4
7c,o. 6
790. 1
789. 6
785.0
784.8
784. 9
776. 0
768.7
760.0
784.0
785-'
790. 1
797'
800, 3
797-2
790. 1
799-9
789-3
790.8
795.8
769.8
777-1
794.8
794-9
766.2
776.8
796.8
794.6
776.5
781.7
796. 5
792-4
776.5
790.0
801.5
789.9
756-7
778.1
801.9
793-5
788.0
778.8
788.6
787-4
775-4
758-8
789.2
79'- 3
772.9
787.0
790.4
790.7
789-9
793-5
790.6
798.9
798.4
754-3
797-2
799-5
80S. 5
819.4
802.2
796.8
794- 4
801.4
803.6
799. 8
794.0
784.2
783.6
786. 8
789. 5
782.5
785- 7
778.7
785-2
793-2
787-4
806.7
799. 8
1
807.6
775-0
788.3
805.0
797-9
775-0
780.9
799-5
799-7
772.9
784.4
799-9
806.7
75-2-5
761.3
79S. 0
80 i. 2
728. I
748.4
785.0
804.5
766.4
77,V 7
788.2
782.9
765.3
780.7
802. 0
773-3
779-7
784.1
804.3
761. I
792.3
797-7
818.2
77'-5
797-7
814.9
821.9
774-7
796.8
811.8
80s. 9
800.4
797-5
818.9
8.5.7
805.9
780. 6
791.4
808.2
794-0
788.3
7S9. 2
779.6
766. 2
783-2
782. 7
785-4
792.3
801.5
797- 3
8c8. 1
7'/>- 5
809. 2
809.5
794.8
798. 0
797-4
779.2
778.3
813-8
790.7
7S6. 9
804.5
765-3
790.8
804. 8
780.8
789.1
804.4
797-4
767-3
805. I
795-8
783-0
804.5
786.2
763-3
804-5
792.7
768.4
807.5
799-9
799-0
806. 2
787-8
794. 6
805.5
790. 0
7';8. 5
809.9
793- 2
804. 5
791-5
794-3
785.6
792.1
797- 0
789.4
791.2
786.8
79'- 9
797-7
796.7
800.5
8,^'- 7
809.7
804. I
830.0
806.4
80S.0
820. 7
808.9
788.6
S15.5
810.0
778.3
817-5
810. 1
789.2
827. 5
809. 6
785.2
835-5
799-8
794-3
838.7
814.1
8'5-7
838.4
8'3-5
820.8
841.4
814.6
814.1
834.1
811.4
8'3-7
845-2
Si2.g
805.7
836.5
813.2
803.4
815.2
814.8
806. 1
801.3
805.6
807.4
809.9
822.8
S24.2
823.4
819.7
821.3
817.7
835-8
840. 2
815. 1
823- 7
810.5
794.6
823.6
807.3
795-7
819.8
822.7
813-7
816. 8
793-7
790.9
782.9
808.1
740.5
775-4
815.1
756.2
772.8
811.2
778.1
786.6
S11.3
784.7
800.2
828. 1
768.0
829.2
816.6
770.9
8'3-S
834-7
802.7
823.7
831.3
810.6
830.4
809.6
808. 9
818.7
800.5
777-2
782.2
787-4
794.2
798.8
805.6
817.0
821.9
797.6
805.0
787.9
779.6
794. 0
775-1
793-7
788.7
793- 4
1 798.8
1 800.9
1 807.4
797-3
i _
1
1
542
THE LADY FKAKKLIN BAY EXPEDITlOiT.
:U;
Recapitulation of selected {supposed) indisturbed hourly values.
246° east -f minutes uf table.
Fairs of months.
Ciottingen hours.
0
I
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
Sept., 1882, and Apr., 1883
Oct., 1882, and Mar., 1S83
Nov., 1882, and Feb., 1883
Dec, 1882, and Jan., 1883
May, 1883, and Aug., 1882
June, 1883, and July, 1883
Final means
808.0
802.6
802.1
804.0
799-7
813.8
804.4
801.9
816.8
819.8
/
812.8
805.8
807.2
818.5
811. 2
/
821.9
805.0
801.7
818.4
844.5
/
827.2
807.6
808.9
817.0
836.6
/
819.7
803.8
803.0
815.4
822.0
/
817.0
805.2
808.0
811. 4
826.8
/
821.0
808.5
810.4
812.3
825-7
815. I
801.7
801.5
814.0
820.2
/
809.7
801.0
802.6
818.0
816.4
/
804.5
801.6
802.5
815.8
817.9
/
808.7
796.0
799.6
812.2
813.0
803-3
811. 3
811. 1
818.3
819. 5 812.8 813.7 j 815.6
1
810.5
809. 5
808.5
805.9
:L:r
THE LADY FliANKLlN ItAY EXPEDITION,
543
Recapitulation of selected [supposed) undisturbed hourly values — Continued.
246° east -{- minutes of table.
0
II
1.6
2-5
S-8
7-9
/
808.7
796.0
799.6
812.2
813-0
«.s
805.9
•
GSttingen hours.
Daily
mean.
Pairs of months.
Noon.
"3
14
>S
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
802.7
789- s
794.0
809.8
814.0
/•
789.8
784-5
788.3
803.2
807.3
784.6
784-2
789.2
800.2
798.4
/
786.0
781.4
779. 6
793-4
799.2
f
784-7
779-1
766.2
798.8
797-2
/
778.0
771.2
783.2
802.2
776.2
784.8
782.7
799.6
788.0
790.5
781.9
785.4
807.0
788.0
797-3
787-6
792.3
805.5
793- 8
/
800.2
795.2
801.5
807.6
798.8
/
789.9
793.8
797-3
808.7
803.2
f
804.3
802.0
808.1
809.0
812.2
f
803.0
794.9
796.5
809. 1
809.6
.Sept., 1882, and Apr., 1883
Oct., 1882, and Mar., 1883
Nov., 1882, and Feb., 1883
Dec, 1882, and Jan., 1883
May, 1883, and Aug., 1882
June, 1883, and July, 1883
Final means.
302.0
794.6
79>-3
787.9
785-2
782.2
787.8
790.6
795. 3
800.1
798.6
807.1
802.6
i ll
544
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY KXPEDITION.
;■!
iP '''
REDUCTION AND DISCUSSION OF THK OHSERVA IIONS FOR MAGNKTIC DECLINATION BETWEEN
JULY, 1882, AND Al'(;UST, 1883.
The subject of the treatment of the magnetic record, so far as it relates to the separation of the so-called disturbances
from the general body of the observations, api)ears finally to have been left by the Vienna conference to the discretion of each
indiviilual party. Sjveral methods were proposed and considered, but it does not appear that any binding agreement was
reached, and subsequent circulars only contain some further suggestions. Whatever method may be adopted it must contain
some arbitrary step so long as there is no certain known criterion for a disturbance othci than its magnitude, and there remains
the difficulty of selecting a method that shall be eiiuaily well adapted to stations widely sep.rated, geographically as well as
magnetically, the latter with respect to the magnitude of the dip and to the intensity of the horizontal com|)onent of the force.
Having alreaily expresseil my views respecting the management of the disturbances in connection with the reduction of
the magnetic work at Pomt Harrow.,* all that is retiuired here is to state the niethod followed and to point out how the normal
or undisturbed monthly mean values for each hour were obtained; the ditference of each observation from its respjctive
normal value will form the basis for further discussion.
In the first place new tables of hourly dit^erences were formed from the preceding ones by subtracting the monthly mean
value, as given there, from each individual value in that column. From tliese diflTerences was deduced the mean deviation m
• n
and 31, equals very nearly m = ""S-UI' A comparisont of the resulting in when derived from the sum of the squares of diflfer-
//— 0.5
ences, and when derived from the sum of differences without regard to sign, proved that the latter more simple form was [ler-
fectly satisfactory, and it was consequently used exclusively.
The values of m so found are collected in the following table :
of any single observation, viz, m = ^J — J- or from the more simple form in = V "f"^' - which for the values of // equal to 29, 30,
♦Report of the IiUern.itioiial I'olar Expedition to I'oiiit Barrow, Alaska (Lieut. F. il. Kay, commaiulim;), Washington, 1885, Part VI., pp. 481^
482. At the (late of this report. May 6, 1884, the Vienna resolutions were unknown, anil the discussion was conse<|uently broken off with the inten-
tion to resume it when an ajjreement should have been reached. It is to be regretted that so far no nicnns have since been provided cither to put the
record in ; shape desired or to complete tlie discussion. — C. ;\. Scnorr;
f Comparison of values of in, as found by sc^uaring and by summation, for July, 1882 :
Gottingen
hour.
From [?'?']
From [f]
Gatlingen
hour.
From [it]
From \y
/
/
/
1
0
±43
±42
«3
61
48
The larger differences for s^ and
I
52
45
>4
49
43
1 j'' arise in each case from one
2
54
47
'5
57
53
excessive value in the series.
3
38
39
16
57
53
but it does not follow from this
4
37
35
i '7
59
to
that the larger value is the bet-
S
72
55
! 18
61
57
ter one.
6
45
48
19
57
56
7
52
53
20
57
59
8
46
50
21
68
66
9
64
56
1 22
70
64
10
62
63
23
65
65
II
55
57
• :
Noon.
62
5S
Mean
±56
±53
;Mi
r BETWEEN
d disturbances
retioii of each
igreement was
t must contain
there remains
illy as well as
It of the force,
e reduction of
3W the normal
its respjctive
nonthly mean
II deviation /«
lual to 29, 30,
lares of differ-
form was per-
•t VI., pp. 481^
with the inten-
-•ilher to put the
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 35
546
TUB LADY FUANKLIN UAY EXPEDITION.
; ■■
tv
Tablf 0/ vit/ufs ('/ m, or 0/ tin- mean devMoii of an ohscnud decHmxtion <is compared with the tesj)ective monthly nuan for
that hour.
Dale.
Ju.y
August...
September
Octolitr .
November
December
1883.
Januory ..
February .
March ...
April
May
Tune
)"iy
tl9
/
±42
I
20
Hours.
2
21
±45 ±47
3
22
±39
4
*3
/
±35
5
0
/
±55
6
/
±48
7
2
8
3
9
4
/
±56
±53
±50
II
6
Noon.
7
•3
8
±<i3 ±57 ' ±58 ±48
Mean
40
25
37
52
3«
52
20
17
42
42
34
42
36
24
20
38
75
36
45
26
21
28
29
22
49
33
21
44
75
41
44
"9
22
34
25
39
36
34
20
42
72
39
39
37
29
30
3'
41
38
34
35
47
88
43
48
28
30
27
36
52
44
±34 I ±36 i ±38 ±43
46
26
51
97
45
45
27
23
34
33
33
49
44
33
56
41
26
56
102
44
92
46
^^
28
39
36
33
34
29
30
42
60
57
42
47
28
50
69
44
47
28
30
29
46
55
66
46
25
50
76
45
47
29
26
35
42
5«
53
48
47
39
25
24
22
35
47
49
80
74
>03
41
35
41
47
47
52
23
16
16
25
22
27
49
31
28
36
34
27
59
57
46
65
61
11
±42 1 ±;6 , its j^45 ±44 , ±44 ; ±4«
±42
39
21
66
56
2>l
53
16
24
38
33
47
37
:'=39
*GOttingen hours.
t Local hours (-f >'"'' 'or local time).
II I >
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXI'KDITION.
647
}on.
«3
7
8
/
/
:5»
±48
39
39
22
21
49
103
66
56
41
33
\l
S3
16
%
24
38
27
46
33
47
53
37
-42
:'=39
Tai/e of values of m, or of the mean deviation of an observed declination, as compared with the respective monthly mean for
that hour — C'ontinued.
Hours.
Date.
•
•14
«5
16
17
18
19
20
31
33
23
Monthly
t9
10
II
Noon.
«3
14
'5
16
17
18
mean.
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
■ 883.
±43
±53
±53
±60
±57
±56
±59
i-06
±64
±65
±.53
July.
Au(;ugl.
33
40
42
7"
54
53
61
45
3«
29
43
26
27
29
37
38
36
41
41
26
20
28
September.
63
56
55
55
50
49
il
5°
30
3'
48
October.
89
92
125
80
99
84
69
82
55
82
November.
46
48
47
47
47
3«
42
42
42
39
41
December.
1883.
43
61
49
58
5'
57
59
44
S3
5°
49
January.
24
43
59
60
60
67
3«
34
ii
24
32
Kel)niary.
ii
31
42
33
37
32
4"
34
33
21
30
March.
37
37
38
44
56
73
50
54
5S
43
40
April.
37
^,
36
44
32
37
54
39
43
3S
36
May.
35
36
44
54
43
37
45
49
43
39
44
June.
36
54
58
56
61
57
65
56
54
55
52
July.
Mean.
±44
±47
±52
±53
±53
±51
±52
±4(i
±44
±37
±44
' GOttingen hours.
t Local hours (-f I'.a for local time).
548
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
According to Dr. I.loyd a deviation of one and a half times the mean deviation from the respective hourly normal may
be regarded to designate an observation as a disturbance; hence at Fort Conger a deviation of i° 06' may be consider'id as
indicating a tlisturbance. Were we to adopt Peirce's criterion for the rejection of anomalous values (that is those no/ conforming
to the law of facility of committing errors as assumed in the theory of the method of least sciuares) the fimit of rejection or
separation would be widened to 2.4 times m, or to i° 46'. Sir Edward Sabine's limit was generally in closer accord with Dr.
Lloyd's rule than with Peirce's, as he was anxious to secure a sufficient number of separated values for further discussion.
Adopting here the limit 1° 06' any observation differing by this or by any greater amount from the mean declination reading
at the same hour, and in the same month, is regarded as bringing it within the category of " large disturbances. Fresh
monthly means for each hour were then taken, omitting the larger disturbances so designated, and the process of limitation was
repeated until the finally adopted monthly means now designated monthly " normals" remained after all observations, differing
I'od' or more from their respective normals, had thus been excluded.
The value of m might have been derived in a much less laborious manner by a selection of evenly distributed hours over
the months of the year; thus it could be satisfactorily evaluated from 24 instead of 288 hours, as above, by using the hours o
and I in the first month, the hours 2 and 3 in the second, the hours 4 and ; in the next, and so on. The value of m thus
found is ±44'; even the use of 12 hours, systematically distributed, would suffice: thus employing the even hours o, 2, 4, 6,
etc., for the ist, 2d, 3d, etc., month respectively we find /« = ± 45', and by the odd hours we should get w = ± 43'.
The above mean values of m exhibit (in magnitude) the diurnal disturbance variation. It is greatest about the (local)
hours II, noon, 13, 14, 15, and least about the hours 19, 20, and 21, with a secondary maximum about the hours i or 2.
1 normal may
consider«;d as
f/ conforming
if rejection or
:ord with Dr.
;r discussion,
ation reading
mces. Fresh
imitation was
ons, differing
id hours over
5 the hours o
je of m thus
iirs o, 2, 4, 6,
It the (local)
} I or 2.
i jl
650
TDE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
\
fcii:
is
Monthly means of the hourly values of the declination at fort Conger, Auguft i, 1882, to August i, 1883.
246° ea.st -j- tabular mimites.
Yciw. Muiith.
i
Gottingen hours.
0
/
2
/
3
/
4
/
,5
6
7
8
9
10
II
Noon.
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
1882 August
797-7
819.3
827.4
832.6
845.5
854.5
85S. 8
842.3
842. 2
833.6
845.6
825.6
828.6
" .Septfmber .
804.3
812.4
815.0
820.9
832. I
824.2
828.1
819.9 i
816.7
814.9
803.8
809.5
803.3
" October ...
802.0
809.6
820.4
817.4
822.5
825.6
827.2
825. 6
818.8
813.3
807.9
805.3
795 9
" November .
810.3
834.3
827.3
848.7
876.7
866. I
866.8
863. 3
851.9
848.3
844.3
833-3
806.9
" December.,
812.5
817.4
815.3
829. 2
828.8
834.8
828. I
831.9 !
831.4
833.1
828.9
818. I
812.4
1883 (aiui.iry..
836.7
830.8
835-7
836.9
851.8
84S. 2
S49. 5
844.6
846.2
845.2
841.2
838.4
839.0
" February ..
804.7
812.9
815.2
821.3
822.4
819. 7
826. 2
821.0
821. I
822.5
816.5
806.8
801.5
.March
804. I
809.4
825.6
835.0
835-4
837.3
847-5
845. 3
836. 8
827.2
820.5
818.0
799-9
.\l)ril . ..
S21.9
825.4
840.0
845. 9
844.9
850.9
S4S. 7
850.9
840.7
840.8
844.0
830.1
819.4
May
800.8
827.0
821.7
831.9
837-7
849.0
840. I
857. 2 j
841.0
843.4
838. 3
833. 7
821.4
" lune
802.8
81S. 7
840. 3
837- 3
853-6
838.7
854- 3
856.5
850.5
849.6
834.0
840.2
825.5
July.
Annual mean
80S. 9
809. 0
813.8
83S. 4
841. I
849.4
854-7
839.8
864.2
844.7
835- 3
826.5
811. 3
808.9
818.8
824.8
833.0
841.0
841.5
844.2
841. S
838.5
834.7
830.0
823.8
813.8
Monthly values of the hourly normals of the decHnation at Fort Conger, August 1, 1882, to August 1, 1883.
246° east -|- tabular minutes.
Year.
1882
((
((
((
tl
18S3
((
"
Month.
CiOttingi 11 hours.
0
I 2
3
4
/
838
822
822
837
811
837
817
827
839
833
841
824
5
/
846
821
821
825
815
833
8.5
837
845
847
836
828
6
7
8
9
10
"
Noon.
August . . .
.September
October . ..
November .
Dcceiiiber .
January
I'ebruary _ .
.March
April . ...
May
June
.I'''y
1
810
800
798
798
802
,S.4
805
804
811
809
805
805
/ /
819 821
810 815
807 1 815
810 ! 816
806 . SlO
823 833
805 812
809 826
826 831
824 822
819 825
818 , 809
830
82 1
812
824
813
830
808
832
841
830
832
S29
f
845
828
820
816
812
825
822
838
839
839
852
836
833
820
818
821
814
828
812
840
850
850
826
831
/
843
817
820
815
816
830
817
837
838
844
840
850
815
809
814
815
830
819
827
839
847
840
844
83s
804
804
803
812
825
816
820
828
846
834
869
831
810
796
790
80s
807
816
829
838
822
830
1
834
800
786
791
803
822
802
801
813
826
822
820
Annual mean
806
815 i 820
S25 829 j 831
83'
829 1 831
828
82s
816 810
Local
meantime...
//. m. ' h. in. 1 h. m. j h. m. i /;. /«. //. m.
19 01. 2! 20 01. 2! 21 01. 2 22 01. 2 2j 01. 2 0 01. 2
//. m.
I 01. 2
/;. m. h. m.
2 01.2 3 01.2
k. m.
4 01. 2
//. m. \ h. m.
5 01.2 6 01.2
h. m.
7 01.2
ii'.i
II
Noon.
/
/
2S.6
828.6
59- S
803.3
5.S- 3
795 9
53- 3
806.9
8.1
812.4
?8.4
839.0
36.8
801. s
8.0
799.9
lO. I
819.4
i3-7
821.4
to.2
825.5
it.S
811. 3
'.ys
813.8
I
Noon.
/
I
0
834
800
6
786
0
S
79«
803
822
7
802
6
801
i
813
826
2
822
0
820
6
810
»;.
A. m.
01.2
7 OI.2
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
551
Monthly means of the Iwurly values of the declination at Fort Conifer, Aii(;Hst i, 1882. to AiiyiHst 1, 1883 — Continued.
24(1° cast I t.-il)iilar niiiiutes.
t;i)
tinmen hours.
Mean.
/
13
•4
>5
/
.6
/
17
/
18
/
19
>
20
21
22
/
23
/
/
/
/
804.6
790.7
774-5
762.8
730- 9
74«-9
747.3
756.8
762.5
789.2
792. 5
804. 5
790.8
787.2
770.5
769.1
701.4
760. I
755-5
761.9
759.0
775-4
795-0
795- 5
795- 0
767. 5
769.1
764.8
762.7
755-"
753- 3
753-7
760.6
789- 3
801. 2
794-3
800. 7
808.8
770.0
743-2
775-4
717.6
737-0
747-8
789.9
817-5
813.2
812.3
805.8
803.7
791-3
796-3
795- 6
783-4
787-3
785-8
795-2
797- '
807. 0
811. 3
828.3
816.8
812.8
8135
798-9
801.6
793- 3
787-3
805.0
808.5
825.2
826. S
790.0
780.6
768.1
748.0
744-6
752.9
745-8
775-7
773-9
774 6
792. 5
794-1
796.9
768. 1
778.5
762.4
763. I
761.0
754- «
765.8
771-5
782.8
801.0
802.0
816.9
796. 5
790.2
779-7
775-9
764- 3
751-9
776.6
780.3
797.0
807.0
814.2
803.6
796.4
788.0
773-6
760. 5
756.7
757-5
756-3
774-5
780.5
794- 2
807.7
824.0
8ni.3
783-1
756-7
738. 7
73'.7
746. 9
725- 4
74'- 9
753-7
795-3
804.2
799- 5
8oo.o
7.S8. 0
737- 0
737- 3
725.8
729. 7
724-7
745-9
707.0
794- <i
799- 5
i 804.7
1
793. «
782.0
767- 3
762. I
754-3
755-0
759-8
771-7
7S6. 0
801.6
805. 5
Month.
August
September
October ._
November
December
January
I'cbruary
March
April
.May _.
June
July..... ...
Vear.
1882
1883
f = 259° 25.5' E..
\ or 100° 3 J. 5' VV.
Monthly values of the hourly normals of the declination at Fort Conger, August i, 1882, to August i, 1883 — Continued.
246° east 4- tabular minutes.
Goltingen hours.
«3
14
806
■ 788
772
I 775
; 799
, 807
793
; 802
i 806
i 813
! 812
: 802
794
790
767
794
788
809
784
790
798
803
795
838
«5
775
778
764
768
7S8
799
778
789
792
790
788
771
! 798
793
782
( /*. nt.
\ 801.2
/(. m.
9 01.
//. m.
10 01. 2
I
16
•7
/
/
767
75s
777
773
754
75 «
741
748
787
790
803
793
769
773
778
766
788
781
776
760
760
747
758
750
18
762
768
76s
770
793
784
784
774
780
757
744
741
«9
748
767
762
771
787
783
776
759
781
761
749
745
21
769
772
774
7S0
792
795
781
777
783
764
723
754
780
770
776
807
802
80 ■
778
777
790
7S5
744
758
787
775
789
786
799
801
786
788
803
787
761
759
23
795
795
801
806
793
816
795
801
813
795
792
79'
Mean.
806.5
797-3
791.8
796.1
802. 2
814.8
798.1
804.8
814-3
810.2
800. 4
801.2
.\ugu»t ...
September
October ..
November
December
January _
February .
March
.'\pril
M.iy
June
July
Year.
1882
1S83
772
7()6
768
766
772
781
785
799
803-2 \
: 259° 23.2' E.,
or 100° 36.8' W.
//. m. i Noon /i. m.
II 01. 2 -f-i. 2"' I 13 01. 2
m. I //.
/;. /«.
14 01. 2 15 01. 2 16 01. 2 1701.2; 1801.2... Local mean time.
552
THE LADY FEANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Solar diurnal variation of the declination after the separation of the larger disturbances.
ei
Year.
Month.
Local mean time.
h. m.
19+1.2
h. m.
20+1. 2
h. m.
2I + I.2
h. in.
22+1.2
h. m.
23+1.2
Midn't.
+ !•" 2
h. m.
1 + I.2
h. m.
2+1.2
h. m.
3+1-2
n. m.
4+1.2
h. m.
S + 1.2
h. m.
6+1.2
h. m.
7+1.2
1882
((
It
(<
«l
1883
((
14
((
i(
*6 months
t6 months
JYear
August
September..
October
November.
December . .
January
February . . .
March
April _
May.,
June
July
April to Sep-
tember, in-
clusive.
October to
March, in-
clusive.
/
+4
+3
+6
+ 2
0
+9
+ 7
—I
—3
— I
+5
+4
+ •3
+«3
+ 15
+ 14
+ 4
-t- 8
+ 7
+ 4
+ 12
+ 14
+ •9
+ 17
/
+ '5
+ 18
+23
+20
+ 8
+ 18
+ 14
+21
+ «7
+12
+25
+ 8
/
+ 24
+24
+20
+28
+ 1'
+«5
+ 10
+27
+27
+20
/
+32
+ 25
+30
+41
+ 9
+ 22
+ '9
+ *2
+ 25
+ 23
+41
+23
/
+40
+ 24
+ 29
+ 29
+ «3
+ 18
+ 17
+32
+31
+37
+36
+27
/
+39
+3'
+ 28
+20
+ 10
+ 10
+24
+33
+25
+ 29
+32
+35
/
+ 27
23
+ 26
+ 25
+ 12
+ '3
+ 14
+35
+36
+40
+26
+30
/
+37
+20
+28
+ •9
+ >4
+ '5
+ «9
+32
+24
+34
+40
+49
/
+27
+ '?
+18
+13
+15
+ 21
+ 22
+ 25
+37
+40
+43
/
+29
+ 7
+ 12
+ 7
+10
+ 10
+ 18
+ «S
+ 14
+36
+34
+68
/
+25
+ 13
tt
+ 3
+ 10
+ 9
+ "
+ 15
+28
+22
+29
/
+ 28
tl
- 5
t;
+ 4
— 4
+16
+22
+ «9
+2
+4
+3
+ '5
+ 9
+ 12
+ 16
+ 17
+ 17
+26
+18
+22
+ 28
+24
+ 26
+32
+23
+28
+35
+21
+28
+30
+21
+26
+34
+21
+28
+32
+ 18
+ 25
+3«
+ 12
+22
+22
+ 5
+«4
+ 14
0
+ 7
* Semi-annual mean, O in north declination.
t Semi-annual mean, 0 in soutli declination.
\ Annual mean.
[.;i
II
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAT EXPEDITION.
553
Solar diurnal variation of the declination after the separation of the larger disturbances — Continued.
m.
h. m.
1.2
7 + 1.2
/
/
25
+ 28
'3
+ 3
4
6
— 5
3
+ I
lo
+ 7
9
+ 4
II
— 4
'5
— I
28
+ 16
22
+ 22
29
+ «9
22
+ 14
5
o
«4
+ 7
Local mean time.
Month.
Year.
h. m.
8+1.2
h. m.
9+1.2
h. m.
IO+I.2
h. m.
II + I.2
Noon.
+ 111.2
h. m.
13+I.2
h. m.
14+1.2
A. m.
•5 + I-3
h. m.
16+1.2
h. m.
17+1.2
h. m.
18+1.2
/
o
— 9
— 20
—21
— 3
— 8
— 5
li
+ 3
+ 12
+ «
/
—12
- 7
-25
- 2
—14
- 6
—14
— '5
— 16
- 7
- 5
+ 7
-3«
-19
-28
-28
— 14
— 16
— 20
— 16
—22
— 20
— 12
-3°
/
-39
—20
-38
-55
-«5
— 12
—29
—27
—26
—34
—40
-43
/
-48
—24
—41
-48
— 12
— 22
-25
-39
-SO
-53
-5«
/
—44
—29
-27
—26
— 9
—31
— 14
—31
-34
-53
-56
—60
/
-58
—30
-30
-25
— '5
—32
— 22
-46
-33
—49
-51
-56
/
-37
-25
-18
-16
— 10
—20
— •7
-28
-l
—77
-47
/
—26
-27
-16
+ •>
0
—13
—20
-28
—24
-25
-56
-43
/
-19
—22
— 3
—10
— 3
— 14
-12
— «7
—II
—23
-39
-42
-11
— 2
+ 9
i-;
+ I
— 3
— 4
— I
-15
^- 8
— 10
August
September ..
October
November _.
December
January
"February
March
April
May
|une .
July
April to Sep-
tember, in-
clusive.
October to
March, in-
clusive.
1882
1883
«
II
It
1*
11
6 months.*
6 months. t
Year.t
O
— 10
- 5
— 7
-'3
— 10
-22
—20
—21
—34
—29
-32
-43
-31
—37
-46
-23
-35
-46
—28
-37
-44
-18
-3«
-34
—II
—22
-26
— 10
—18
- 8
+ '
— 4
* Semi-annual mean, O >» north declination.
fSemi-annual mean, O in south declination.
$ Annual me^
V'A
! M
jfiM
554
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Of the three tables of hourly values just given the first is made up from the hourly mean values given at the foot of each
monthly table of the observed hourly declinations. These monthly means, when collected for the period August, 1882, to
August (exclusive), 1883, give the annual mean readings for each hour of the day, as well as the mean of all observations, or
259° 25'.5 east (100° 34'. 5 west). This average declination is preferable to 100° i3'.6 west, as found for the preceding year
from thirty-six days of observations; hence we adopt as the best value of the annual diminution of west declination (between
1876 and 1883) the value ?^-"° = 9'.87 . •
7-4
The second table contains the hourly normals, or the hourly mean values of all observations of that hour which remained
after the exclusion of the larger disturbed observations. It also gives the annual means of the hourly normals, and shows
that the exclusion of the larger disturbances changed the resulting declination to 100° 36'. 8 west. Thus the effect of the
Dresence of these disturbances was to diminish the declination by 2'. 3 . In the preceding year the effect was only o'.8, but in
the same direction. The diurnal range is increased in both years, owing to the influence of the disturbances.
In the third table the solar-diurnal variation of the declination is presented. It is simply the difference between each
hourly normal and its respective monthly mean. A + sign indicates greater east (less west) and a — sign less east (greater
west) declination than the montlily average. The semi-annual means for sun in north declination and for sun in south decli-
nation are given, as well as the annual mean. The difference for the respective hours in the semi-annual means constitutes
the annual ine(]uality at these hours. Tiic solar-diurnal variation is also graphically shown on the accompanying plate, and
is further expressed by means of u periodic function —
^/=A-|-Hi sin («+/i)+B2 sin {2a+yi)-\-B3 sin (3ar+;':))-f etc., viz:
^=r32'.96 sin («+72'' i7') + 5'.oo sin (2«+242° s2')4-o'.26 sin (3*+ 156°)+ ....
the angle a counting from the epoch midnight + 1.2'", at the rate of 15° an hour; counting n from midnight the angles
yu yi> ya would have to be changed to 71° 59', 242° 16', and 155°, respectively. The observed and computed values compare
as follows:
Local time.
By ob-
servation.
By com-
putation.
Local time.
A. m.
0 01. 2
1 01. 2
2 01. 2
3 01.2
4 01.2
5 01.2
6 01
7 01
8 01.
9 01.
10 01,
11 oi,
/
/
-f28
+27 1
+28
+28!
i-26
+28!
-f28
+27 i
+ 25
+ 25 ;
+ 22
+21
+ 14
+•5 :
+ 7
+ 7
- 5
- 3 i
—10
-'3 ;
— 21
—22 1
-32
-'■!
//. //I.
Noon + 1.2
'3+J-2
I4-I-1.2
i5+>
16+1
17+1
18+1
19-f-i
20-I-1. 2
21-fI. 2
22+1. 2
23+1.2
By ob-
By com-
servation.
putation.
/
/
-37
-36
-35
-38
—37
-36
—31
-3>
—22
-24
-18
- 15
— 4
— 6
+ 3
+ 3
+ 12
+ «"
+ 17
+ 18
+ 22
+ 22
-,26
+ 25
The most characteristic feature of the solar-diurnal variation is the westerly extreme soon after local noon. By the above
formula we find its epoch to be 13'' 2'", and its deflection from the normal declination 37'.9; in summer it occurs about half
an hour later and in winter about a quarter of an hour earlier. The easterly extreme is found to occur at i** 27'", the deflec-
tion being 2 7'.9; during the half year including summer it appears to take place a little later and in the half year including
winter a little earlier.
Superior range of diurnal variation, April to September, inclusive . . 1° 22'
Yearly average range _ I 06
Inferior range, October to March, inclusive o 56
The annual variation in the diurnal range is exhibited in the following monthly averages, which were derived graphically
from the last table :
1882.
August
September..
October
November..
December . .
1883.
January
1883.
96 February . .
58 March
70 April
85 '] May
28 June
, July
52
/
5'
77
67
91
108
106
foot of each
ust, 1882, to
ervations, or
eceding year
ion (between
ich remained
;, and shows
effect of the
y o'.8, but in
etween each
east (greater
south decH-
is constitutes
ig plate, and
It the angles
lues compare
Jy the above
rs about half
the deflec-
ar including
I graphically
•
I
SOLAR-DIURNAL VARIATION OP THE MAGNETIC DECLINATION AT FoRT CONGEK,
Aui;., 1882, 10 Aug., 1883.
(After e:;clusioii of the larger disturbances.)
-(-J??5L 80' 45 40 8.1 80 211 20 15 10 S 0 S 10 15 20 2S 30 3.1 41)' ^"" >
20 "
21 "
22 "
23 ••
Wdn't "
1 "
2 "
3 "
4 "
5 "
R 6 "
S 9 "
1, 10 "
iS 11 "
^ Noon "
13 "
11 "
15 "
16 "
17 "
18 "
19 "
•1*
*^
—
■\
W
—
^
•••^\,
;
/
1
\
i
/
/
-
\
\.
/
/
_..
/
/
y
^^
y
y'
y
^
^
■^
?^
y
r>
if!
^.
**
•
K
;
/
\
1
1
\
'.
\
^
^
\
v,
■\
\.
\
s^
^-.
•>,
^
^f^
^
>.\
— . —
So
lar-d
turn
al V
»
aria
ion
■ A
6
inus
mon
1 m
Ihs
can.
sun
nort
h of
eqi
atol
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
555
The range for December, only 28', is most remarkable; the other extreme occurs half a year later, in June, with i"'48',
which is nearly four times the minimum amount. These ranges, which depend on the hourly normals, are necessarily smaller
than the absolute ranges, which would include all disturbances, large and small. These larger diurnal ranges have already been
given at the foot of the monthly tables of the hourly record.
It appears to be a peculiarity of this region to have the extremes of the diurnal variation nearly twelve hours apart, and to
have them follow midnight and noon within about one hour. The daily average is reached at 7'' 45"' and at iS** 39"', nearly,
and about half an hour earlier during the half year when the sun is in south declination, and about one-third of an hour later
during the other half year.
The extremes of the declination in the hourly series at Fort Conger were observed as follows:
1882, November 20, i"" l" (local time) 266° 4i'.4 east ( 93° l8'.6 W.)
And on the same day, at J^ o™ (local time) .. 248° 46'.6 east (in" I3'.4 W.)
Total range observed 17"" S4'.8
Absolute extremes:
We learn from the narrative, Vol. II, p. 8, that the /owest reaiding of the record was on November 16, 1882,* at 8'' 35"*
a. m., Gottingen time, when the declination was 92° 51'. 6 W.; and that on the day following, at 10'' 20'" p. m., Greenwich
time, there was the highest reading, viz, 113° iq'.S W., a change to the westward of 20° 28'.2 in thirty-eight hours (and a half )•
! if
I I
THE LARGER DISTURBANCES IN DECLINATION AT FORT CONGER DURING THE YEAR, AUGUST,
1882, TO AUGUST, 1883.
The total number of hourly observations during the year was 8749, and with our limit the total number of so-called
disturbances is 11 69, which gives about one largely-disturbed observation in every eight. The distribution of the disturbed
values in the diurnal and annual periods, with separation of the easterly and the westerly disturbances and further analysis
with respect to frequency and to magnitude, is contained in the following four tables :
*See notes on auroral displays, near the end of this paper. The great magnetic storm between November 13 and November 19, 1882, culmi-
nated in intensity on the I7tb.
\l
556
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
il
i
!(;!
.(I
m
Disturbances of the declination at Fort Conger, August, 1882, to August, 1883.
Number and distribution of the larger easterly disturbances.
Year.
Month.
Local mean time.
//. «;.
h. til.
h, m.
^. w.
//. m.
Midn't
h. III.
h. m.
//. III.
A. III.
//. m.
A. III.
//. III.
19 1.2
0
20 1.2
0
21 1.2
22 I. 2
23 '2
+ 1.2""
I 1.2
2 1.2
3. .2
4 1.2
5 '2
6 1.2
7 "2
1882
August
2
2
3
3
5
3
2
2
4
I
,
<l
September .
I
I
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
I
l<
October
2
2
I
2
4
3
3
a
I
2
3
<l
November .
7
7
6
6
7
8
10
9
II
8
10
10
8
«i
December. .
4
5
4
5
5
6
5
6
5
5
5
4
5
1883
January
3
2
2
3
4
4
8
5
4
4
4
3
4
it
February ..
0
2
I
2
I
2
I
3
I
I
0
0
0
(1
March
0
0
0
I
3
0
3
2
0
0
I
I
I
I*
April
4
2
3
2
2
2
3
2
I
I
2
I
2
(1
May
0
>
0
I
3
2
4
I
I
I
0
0
(1
(une
0
0
5
3
4
2
I
8
5
4
3
6
2
<<
July
2
2
2
3
S
6
7
3
8
2
0
3
^
Hourl
<f sums ..
22
23
27
30
40
38
48
48
4"
30
3«
3«
29
Aggregate amount of the larger easterly disturbances.
Month.
Local mean time.
' Yer.r.
i
i
//. III.
19 I. 2
h. III.
20 I. 2
h. til.
21 1.2
h. m.
22 1.2
h. m.
23 1.2
Midn't
+ 1.2"'
h. m.
1 I. 2
//. m.
2 1.2
h. m.
3 '-2
/;. m.
4 1.2
//. m.
5 '-2
h. m.
6 1.2
h. m.
7 1.2
1
1882
1883
; "
«(
(4
1
i "
August
September .
October
November .
December..
January
February _.
Mnich.
April
May
June
July -
/
0
'30
264
592
336
532
0
0
406
0
0
263
/
0
86
253
973
424
330
219
0
159
85
0
J 66
/
207
0
345
70s
365
213
270
0
463
158
/
'43
0
360
829
504
303
368
99
1i
200
301
/
229
274
237
1 256
564
467
160
186
236
495
523
/
266
92
326
' 345
597
457
'38
0
'78
142
'58
676
/
429
0
467
' 7'3
503
769
108
290
301
127
74
710
/
282
0
481
I 449
563
523
257
167
303
918
265
'3'
0
378
I 18S
476
488
109
0
89
80
498
752
/
166
0
403
1 IIS
578
479
"9
0
"7
98
389
263
387
0
234
I 320
528
502
0
85
472
74
326
0
/
70
0
426
I 287
397
4'3
0
74
"4
0
634
422
/
79
93
494
I 221
462
529
192 ,
0 !
266 1
147 1
i Hourl
1 Avera
y suras
;e magnitude
2 523 2 69s 2 809
lis 117 >o4
3 396 4 886
113 122
4 375
"5
5 49'
"4
5 360
112
4 '86 i 3 727 3 928 3 837
102 j 124 127 124
3 574 I
123 1
m.'
TUB LADY FHANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
557
Disturbances of the declination at Fort Conifer, August, 1882, to August, 1883 — Continued.
Number and distribution of the larger fiislt'rly disturbances Continui'd.
//. ;//.
! 7 1.2
I
1
3
8
5
4
0
I
2
0
2
2
29
1
h. m.
\ 7 1.2
> f
) 79
) 93
' 494
r I 221
r 462
5 529
) 0
\ 9«
\ 192 i
> 0 1
X 266
! 147
3 574
\ 123
Local mean time.
Sum.
Month.
Year.
1882
t<
II
II
«
1883
II
II
II
II
II
" !
h. m.
8 1.2
h. III.
9 I.J
10 1.2
h. m.
II 1. 2
Noon ! H. m.
fl.2'" 13 1,2
k. m.
14 1.2
3
0
k. m.
15 12
k. m.
16 1.3
,7 ..a
^. w.
18 1.2
2
4
6
2
5
0
0
2
0
4
1
1
0
2
7
5
3
0
0
1
0
2
°
2
7
4
4
0
0
I
0
I
5
0
3
9
4
3
0
0
0
0
i 0
9 0
4. 1
1
0
I
2
2
2
0
0
2
4
1
0
0
1
3
2
3
1
0
I
0
2
2
1
0
1
7
3
3
0
0
2
a
4
0
0
0
5
5
2
0
0
I
1
2
4
39
8
46
164
97
84
17
'3
39
21
65
68
August. . .
September . ,.
October
2
November
December
3 4 3
0 I I
1 0 0
1 I I
200
2 1 1
« ! 3 ; «
January
Kebruary
March _ . .
April
May
June .
July
Hourly sums.
27
21
26
22
27 12
'4
16
14
24
20
661
Aggregate amount of the larger easterly disturbances— Continued.
Local mean time.
£
Average
month.
Month.
1
1
k. m.
8 1.2
k. m.
9 1.2
k. m.
10 1.2
k. III.
II 1.2
Noon
-f 1.2"'
h. m.
13 1-2
k. III.
14 I. 2
k. m.
15 '^
k. m.
16 1.2
k. m.
17 1.2
k. m.
18 1.2
Year.
t
I
162
70
779
77 «
201
663
0
0
330
0
421
85
/
101
0
399
I 038
558
393
0
0
132
0
192
0
/
75
66
424
859
395
66s
0
0
112
0
69
623
/
85
0
524
I 2gi
^V
485
0
0
0
0
77
108
/
69
0
483
I 093
454
466
0
70
161
90
/
0
0
92
0
123
525
73
0
«79
0
71
234
/
235
0
66
160
173
435
72
0
146
0
67
'3°
/
205
0
76
176
148
320
0
0
189
174
345
73
/
0
0
73
297
144
298
69
0
170
0
240
189
1
7'
0
80
I 089
226
420
0
0
252
75
•36
42?
/
0
0
0
4J7
445
379
0
127
73
198
387
7 664
21 201
9 671
II 054
« 775
I 120
4582
I 689
6458
! 6987
/
87
lOI
167
»35
100
132
104
86
"7
80
99
103
August ....
September .
(October
November .
December..
January... .
Kebruary __
March
April
May
June
jv'iy--
1
1882 '
II
II
1883 :
II
11
11
<i 1
" !
3482
129
2 813
>34
3 288
126
3 077
140
3 '73
118
I 297
108
I 484 i I 706
106 107
1 480 1 2 771 1 2 046 1 77 404
106 j 115 102
117
1
Hourly sums.
Average magnitude
558
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
f I
i' \M
Disturbances of the dtcliniition at Fori Conger, August, 1882, to August, 1883.
Number and dittribution of the larger westerly disturbance*.
Local mean time.
'
Ytw.
Month.
1
h. HI.
A. III.
t. III.
A. III.
A. m.
Midn't ! A. m.
h. m.
h. m.
h. m.
h. m.
//. ;//.
//. III.
19 i.a
20 1.2
21 1.2
0
22 1.2
1
23 1.2
4-1.2'" 1 I 1.2
2 1.2
3 'J
41.2
S '2
6 1.2
7 "-2
3
1882
August
2
0
0
0 0
0
2
2
I
3
II
September .
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
«<
October
2
2
2
2
2
2 3
3
3
3
I
2
2
«
November
2
3
I
I
I
I
2
2
I
1
I
0
2
(1
December. .
0
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1883
January
Februiry.. .
I
1
1
I
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
It
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
II
March
0
0
0
0
0
0 1 0
0
0
0
t
0
1
fl
April .
1
2
0
0
0
0
0 1 I
0
I
0
I
0
II
May
3
0
0
0
I
I
■ i I
2
2
4
2
2
l«
June
1
0
a
I
I
1
0 1 0
2
I
3
I
2
II
July
2
4
0
0
0
0 1 1 0
3
3
10
6
3
16
Hoi
irly sums
14
>3
S
6
5
5 ^ ; ^
>3
'3
21
'5
Aggregate amount of the larger westerly disturbances.
Year.
Month.
Local mean time.
h. III. j h. m.
19 I. 2 20 1.2
h. m.
21 I. 2
A. III. h. III.
22 1.2 23 1.2
Midn't
+ l.2m
h. m.
1 I. 2
h. m.
2 1.2
h, m.
3 '2
h. in.
4 1.2
h. m. , h. m.
5 1.2 6 1.2
h. m,
7 1.2
1882
l(
«l
II
II
1883
(1
41
.1
«l
It
fl
August
September
October ...
November .
December..
January
February...
March
April
May
June
July
/
374
0
146
239
0
'35
0
0
69
257
79
'5«
/
0
0
17'
237
73
93
0
0
174
0
0
438
/
0
0
'75
200
0
0
0
0
0
0
/
74
0
'83
9«
0
90
0
0
0
0
95
0
0
0
209
68
0
0
0
0
0
77
112
0
/
0
0
189
133
0
0
0
0
8l
72
0
/
0
0
238
1 84
0
0
0
0
0
98
0
'3'
/
0
0
243
'74
0
0
0
0
'47
75
0
0
/
'53
i
0
0
0
0
0
170
166
300
/
'43
0
281
92
0
0
0
0
69
•95
88
245
/
68
0
III
81
0
0
0
70
0
304
330
' OSS
236
0
'47
0
0
0
0
0
^?
146
78
536
244
0
748
80
0
0
122
0
'54
'55
427
Hourl}
Avera
jTSums
Te magnitude.
I 450
104
I 186
9>
864
«73
533
89
466
93
452
90
65 «
93
639
91
I 178
9'
'"d
2 019
96
I 212
81
2 10,
«32
! 1 V
.
fi. m.
2
7 12
3
o
2
2
I
O
o
1
0
2
2
3
^-
i6
h. m.
t 7 1.2
/ /
6 244
0 o
7 177
D 748
3 80
} 0
> 0
} 122
} 1 0
> 154
i 15s
i 427
8 2 ic;
«32
THE LADY I'UANKLIN BAY ICXPKDITION.
559
I
I
Dinliirhviffs of the i/ir/initHon al Fori Conger, August, 1882, to Aiii'utt, 1883 — Con'inued.
N'unilicr and ili>liil>uli(>ii of llic larger wtUtrly diittiirlmnces — Cunlinuetl.
Local iiieaii time.
Sum.
Month.
Year.
1882
11
14
((
II
1883
• 1
II
*l
II
II
II
h. m.
8 1.2
4. m.
9 1.2
2
2
0
3
A. w.
10 1.2
I
3
3
6
3
2
3
3
2
I
2
I
4. w.
II 1.2
2
3
a
5
2
2
3
4
2
2
7
Noon
+ 1.2'"
6
t
3
3
6
2
1
Ji. m. ' h. III.
ij 1.2 14 1.2
4. w.
IS 1.2
16 1.1
h. m.
17 1.2
A. »/.
18 1.2
1
0
0
2
0
I
1
0
3
1
1
3
2
0
0
0
0
^
2
0
3
■
2
4 2
2 3
2 2
7 . 8
4 i 2
0 1
9 I <>
4 ] I
6 7
6
3
5
7
2
3
4
4
3
S
0
0
45
24
52
69
28
25
36
28
42
40
40
79
August
September
October
November .
December..
January..
February
March
April
2 ; 0 I
5 4 2
4 5 6
May
June .
July
Hourly .sums.
12
26
30
.5
38 1 47 i 41
^^
47
25
'3
508
Aggregate amount of the larger ivesliiiy disturbances — Continued.
Local mean lime.
h. m.
8 1.2
h. m.
91.2
202
o
75
o
o
o
81
142
o
286
68
170
201
93
39 •
604
68
ISO
83
687
183
193
o
242
024
85
2 89s
III
//. in.
10 I. 2
S? !
28,,
265
70'
.>'^ i
241
3'9 I
324 I
,63;
79 I
214 ]
94
h. m.
Noon
h. m.
//. III. !
II 1.2
+ 1.2'"
13 '2
14 1.2 ;
/
/
1
/
227
904
628
252
229
354
230
34" !
•79
'3'
407
337 1
> 2.54
292
I 459
' «37 :
jrj')
280
422
•52 i
109
298
0
104
576
801
934
910
475
'7«
400
141
256
277
641
I 026
75
«3S
0
III
'94
398
444
140
761
473
706
603
III.
I 2
578
304
7'i
099
560
148
348
374
425
263
977
m.
I. 2
169
IDS
4 58"
130
4 5'4
119
6 271
«33
254
128
6 120
"3
5>7
402
538
817
.?47
189
176
170
47'
315
307
555
m.
1.2
/
o
o
66
167
287
178
324
169
433
271
359
168
h.
18
m.
1.2
4 804
102
2 422
97
72
o
o
224
o
82
73
o
294
95 I
269 I
/
4 960
2 234
5 67s
10 286
2 754
422
425
21Q
646
557
657
Average
amount.
8 30'
212
93
S6 136
no
93
109
'49
98
97
'23
"5
III
89
9'
los
no
Month.
August
September .
October
November .
December.
January
February..
March. .
April
May
June
July
Year.
1882
18S3
Hourly sums.
Average magnitude.
II
560
THE LADY 1< HAN KLIN liAY EXPEDITION.
i. •
m '
(<\
y-
The contents of the precetling tables enable us to draw the following conclusions, and, first, with regard to frequency :
(a) During the year ending August i, i88j, the easlerly disturbances exceeded the number of westerly ones in the propor-
tion of 661 to 508, or of 1.30 to I.
(/') In the annual variation the disturbing force was most active during Noveml)er, and least so during September, for
both oaslerly and westerly tlirections; and the same holds, though in a less marked ilegree, for the months of July and March,
respectively. The ratio of preponderance of easterly over westerly disturbances in the annual variation is as follows .
Aug.,
0.87 i
Sept.
033
Oct.,
0.88
Nov.,
a. 38
Dec,
3.46
Jan.,
3.36 ,
Feb..
0.47
Mar.,
0. 46
Apl.,
0 93
May.
o.5»
June,
1.62
July.
0.86
This preponderance is most decided during November, December, and January, when the ratio rises to 3.1 to i ; in all other
months, excepting J uly, the westerly disturbances are more numerous than the easterly ones, and the above ratio declines to 0.6 to i.
(<•) in the diurnal variation the easterly and westerly disturbances follow different laws as to frequency of occurrence, as
is shown by the following table of ratios of the hourly values to the mean of all hours (27.5 for easterly and 31.2 for westerly
directions), taken as unity, and further illustrated by the accom[)anying diagram:
Relative frequency 0/ disturbances, hourly ratios, Fort Conger local mean time.
Hour.
Easterly
Westerly
Hour.
Easterly
Westerly
disturbances.
disturliaiices.
disturbances.
disturbances.
Midn't -j-l. 2""
1.4
0. 2
13 + 1. 2>"
0.4
2.2
1
"•7
0-3
14
o.s
1.9
3
1.8
0-3
?<!
0.6
2.6
3
« S
0.6
16
o.s
2.2
4
1. 1
0.6
'7
0.9
1.3
5
1. 1
I. 0
18
0.7
0.6
6
1. 1
0-7
«9
0.8
0.7
7
1. 1
0.8 j
20
0.8
0.6
8
1.0
0.6 !
21
I.O
o3
9
0.8
1.2 1
22
1. 1
03
10
II
Noon.
O.t,
0.8
l.o
1.4 '
1-7
23
1-4
0.3
.Sum.
24.0
24.0
The easterly disturbances are more equally distributed over the 2>, i.o^urs than the westerly ones.
The disturbing force, deflecting the north end of the magnet towards the (magnetic) east, is most active 2 hours after mid-
night, and is above the average frequency between the (night and early morning) hours 21 to 8, and is least active between
the (afternoon) hours 13 to 17. On the other hand, deflections to the west are most frequent 3 hours after noon, and are above
the average between 9 and 17 hours, and least frequent between the (night) hours 21 to 3. Easterly and westerly disturbances
are, therefore, m a general way in opposition in daily occurrence, the former prevailing during hours immediately following the
middle of night and the latter during hours immediately following the middle of day, as had been noted for the winter 1875-76.
Secondly, with respect to the magnitude of deflections, we observe:
((/) Easterly disturbances slightly exceed westerly ones in the ratio of 117 to no.
[e) Respecting the annual variation there appears to be a correspondence between the frequency and intensity of action.
Thus, the November disturbances appear most frequent as well as largest, on the average 2° 15' from the normal direction
easterly* and 2° 29' from the normal direction westerly, the corresponding means for the whole year being 1° 57' and i" 50'.
(/) During the diurnal variation the intensity of the disturbing force varies but little, but there appears to be likewise a
tendency to a combination of frequency with intensity of action, and this is most noticeable in the case of the westerly disturb-
ances, which for noon reach the average magnitude, 2° 13', and for midnight only 1° 30'.
The maximum easterly disturbance was noted November 20, 1882, at i** i", when the needle was deflected 7° 05' from
the normal position for that hour and month, and the maximum westerly disturbance was noted on the same day at 7'' (local
time), when the deflection in the opposite direction amounted to 10° 24' from the normal; disturbance range, l^}i°. Observa-
tions made at intermediate times showed still greater disturbances, with a range of nearly 20^° on November 16 and 17.
There were but four days in this month when no disturbances were marked in the hourly record.
* The larger value 2° 47' for October is influenced by the small number of disturbances.
I ; in all other
iestoo.6to I.
iccurrence, as
2 for westerly
iirs after mid-
tive between
nd are above
disturbances
following the
:er i875-'76.
ty of action.
nal direction
ind lo 50'.
)e likewise a
terly disturb-
RELATIVE FREQUENCY OF DISTURBANCES IN DECLINATION
AT FOR r CONGER, AUO., i88a, TO AUG.. 1883,
RATIO OF
Westerly Disturbances. Easterly Disturbance*.
v,f„., 311 ]i IB 1.4 1.0 .« .] i.i If) 1.4 1.0 .« .3
1
•i
s
4
9
A
1
8
9
^ 10
g
~ 11
. IS
f '*
IS
S 16
17
Ifl
30
31
33
33
Mdn't
/
}
\
—
•
y
\
f
/
\
L
i
i
/
s
^s,
K
)
^
/
^_
\
s.
/
/
\
\
)
\
1
/
I
I!
I'M
1 I
.',i
,- I'
r ^
!'■ u
TIIK LADY FHANKLiy BAY EXPEDITION.
561
Hour. o"
o
I
3
3
\
5
6
7
8
9
lo
II
Noon
«3
'4
«S
l6
•7
i8
19
20
21
22
23
Term-day o/isetralioiis at Fort Coti^fr from yuly i, 1882, to August i, 1883, inclusive,
0 =vSi''44'oo" >. -—64° 43' 50"
Ma(,.ic(ic declination — 246° K. -\- tiibular qimntlty. Guttingeii time.
JULY I, 18S2.
Hour.
0'"
5'"
10'"
/
15™
20'n
25'"
30™
/
35™
/
■toin
/
45™
SO'"
/
55™
/
/
/
0
S3I.4
839- 3
S41. I
837.0
833.3
823.0
811. 2
803.7
798.0
803.8
806.8
806.6
I
820.5
827.2
S27.7
822.9
827.4
837. 4
836.7
831.4
842. 1
849.7
844. 9
840.5
2
S,v I
805.5
877.1
887.6
887.9
882.4
880.0
872.9
872.8
868. 2
869. 6
870.0
3
S74-6
885. t.
894. I
889.4
886.7
896.0
904.9
914.0
927.9
928.1
916. 6
908.9
4
910. I
904. 6
903. I
903. 4
909.7
915.7
917.9
922.7
921.4
9'5-3
923. 5
918.3
5
914.0
9^3- 7
9'" ;
9 7. 7
926. 5
922.3
925.1
925. 8
923.4
925.0
93'. 3
927.1
6
928.6
928. 2
926. 9
9'3-2
912.4
904.6
905.6
896. I
894.1
895. 2
901. 6
898. s
7
904.1
918.4
918.0
930. 0
938.8
950.2
956. I
957.6
955.9
940.8
940.3
940.6
8
93<7
929. 6
'H9-3
918.0
907.8
91.S.6
913.6
907.7
897.0
895.4
892.9
887.2
9
873. I
86 J. 6
887. 8
889. 8
896. 4
905.2
914.8
933.2
945.8
944. 2
939. I
954.0
10
953- 5
954.5
965. 2
955.5
961. 6
950.6
94 VO
944.3
939."
950.1
956.1
956.2
II
953- •
901. I
964. 4
904. 7
957.4
903. 6
959. 0
957.0
961. 1
941.4
945.6
954.6
I loon.
944.0
944-4
945- 3
935. 8
937.4
933.6
929.1
933.3
936.0
928.1
934.0
934.8
•J
926. 6
9-!7- 3
927. 6
926. 8
926.5
930.0
933. 5
927.8
935. 3
934.6
934. 2
933. 1
14
925. 0
922. 1
921.3
914.1
905.9
9'3. «
911.4
9'2. 3
908.7
905.9
905.8
902.5
IS
903. 2
911.2
915. I
914.8
915.2
908. 7
904.9
904. 6
898.0
887.4
886.4
882.0
16
878. 6
876.0
873. 8
874.1
876. 5
880.0
877.0
874.9
875.0
878.7
881.0
874.9
17
876. 9
868. 8
877.0
878.5
876. 9
870.4
872.8
866. I
864.6
874.2
895.3
896.7
18
879. .1
874. I
887.9
8S1.6
862.3
869. 8
867. 6
858. 5
862. 8
869.2
872.2
873.1
19
865. 7
869.6
871.9
870.4
872.2
864.8
860.9
864.0
865.0
868.4
851.1
857-1
20
853. 6
862. 9
855.7
858. 4
860.9
861.5
862. 3
861.5
859. 0
860.5
870.0
881.0
21
890. 6
895- 7
899- 5
900. 0
903.9
901.3
906.3
907.0
894. 2
890.8
885.6
895.8
22
912.0
916. I
911. 7
910. 2
905. 1
905.5
898.1
895.4
904.2
9's-^
910.4
920. 8
23
926.3
926.3
934- 0
927.6
925.9
915.9
911. 8
917.9
9*4-9
918.8
912.4
907.7
JULY IS, 1882.
785.2
805.4
818.5
804. 4
812.2
810.2
815.7
807.7
793-5
794- 9
807.1
827.6
795.8
800. 3
766. 3
757.0
743.9
734- o
754.0
747
752
767
772
776,
767. I
798. 8
824.5
804.6
Sit. 3
80S 7
821.8
806.8
795-2
792.2
806.8
821.0
801.8
787.6
772.9
757.8
740. 4
73^3
753. 2
751.3
754. 8
766. 8
777- «
770.2
10'"
/
774. 6
808.2
821,2
807. I
807.8
807.7
819.6
806.7
797. 6
792. 8
8ofi. 9
822.9
807.5
780. 2
766. 5
754-4
732.0
732.6
756.6
754. /
762.7
772.2
771. I
761.7
15"'
20'"
778.0
819.7
819.4
808.8
811. 7
813.0
819.6
816. I
801.7
804. I
815.5
820.5
811.5
772.4
761.7
750.8
739. 3
7JI.5
755.1
755.8
761. o
771.4
757
769. 2
778.0
819.0
819.9
808.0
813.3
818.3
823.3
820.1
788.4
817.9
811. o
818.6
817.1
764.6
764.6
747.0
740.4
730.1
750.3
753.9
763. o
774.3
775.1
767.2
25'" j 30'"
781.7
818.3
817.7
811. 5
816.6
816.4
851.0
821.7
777.7
837. 3
800. 4
'•23. 2
813
763
767
745
743
733. 3
747.3
753.5
760. (-
774.6
778.0
774.4
785.4
816.3
821.2
811.2
815.9
8"5-5
835-2
809. 2
808.9
847-3
802.5
820. 6
820. 9
760 2
777.0
746. 9
750.0
732-0
746. I
752.4
760. 2
77.V8
780. 9
770.3
35"
40"
45"
778.1
815.9
821.9
808.2
816.8
821. 1
831.6
807.8
811.0
850
813
816
819
7O6,
775
749-9
751. 1
737-8
752.0
748.6
765. o
774-4
/r'>7
777.7
780.8
819.6
817.0
810.6
821. 1
817.3
835.8
789-3
827.9
822.1
812.4
806.2
824.3
763- 1
774-7
753-4
754-6
739- 4
753- 6
750.3
766. 5
775.3
770.3
769.5
788.2
8.3.9
818.3
809.5
822.3
818.0
840.4
798. 9
805.5
802.4
806.9
800.3
821.7
766. 5
770.6
751.9
740.4
738.6
752.1
75'-5
769.4
780.4
774.0
768.3
50'"
786.8
816.6
813.0
809.8
820.1
817.9
821.5
706. o
793. 3
807.9
854.9
788.9
815.2
768.9
763.3
745.4
739-5
739.9
754. 7
750.6
774.6
788.1
776. 9
774.9
55"
803.6
818.4
808.2
808.4
814.0
822.3
809.3
794.8
790.7
806.4
816. 5
789.8
809.3
766.0
762.0
746.1
732.7
753.0
75«.4
75>-7
773-6
774-4
769. 4
773-6
i I
i li
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 30
562
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
i i
■»ii
PI
Term-day observations at Fort Conger from July i, 1882, to August i, 1883, inclusive — Continued.
0 — 8 1 " 44' 00" A ;--: — 64° 43' so"
Magnetic declination =; 246° E. -\- tabular quantity. GSttingen time.
AUGUST I, 1882.
Hour.
0™
5™
lO™
IS"
20™
25""
30™
35"'
40"'
45'"
/
SO"'
55-"
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
773-7
788.5
79c 9
/ 98. 4
887.1
800.0
7S2.6
765.5
761. I
7!53- «
7S7.9
798.4
I
799- 9
789.7
799-4
7X4.8
775.8
780.3
78S.6
791.8
815- 5
870. 7
874- 3
S67.7
2
859.6
836.6
860.3
879.6
888.4
900.4
885.9
8S7. 9
887. s
887.3
878.7
8f)S. 6
3
858.2
867.8
861.3
856.7
864.8
855.8
872.7
879. 7
872. 5
868. 2
874-7
865.9
4
859. 5
859-5
863.7
834.0
847.0
868.0
877.5
894. 4
893- 9
897.1
887-9
880.2
5
891.0
886.0
884..
872.3
876.9
878.0
886.6
901. 6
909. 7
927.2
933-8
935-3
6
933- 6
934-5
934-8
922. 5
925.2
909.0
9°^■ 0
903- 3
901.8
907.0
911. 4
935-5
7
932- 8
920.7
939-0
936.6
934.5
930.7
934-1
928.0
914.3
911. 7
910.2
902. 9
8
909. 2
905.1
887.4
894.0
879.1
925.4
889.4
9<i-3
920. 5
930.3
923- 2
922.9
9
905.1
915.0
922.7
939-4
943.0
939-4
947.6
959-9
945-5
9S'-3
937-6
93'- I
ID
937- 9
949.0
937-8
939-6
918.4
897-5
885.0
888.8
890.4
881.2
871.2
873.3
II
865.9
869.0
868.9
878.9
861.3
853.0
861.4
856.0
846. I
834-4
857-3
878.2
Noor.
8734
873- 5
878.0
864.0
86.-!. 4
869.3
865.5
853.0
844-3
836.8
S26.0
831.0
>3
813-4
797-7
791.0
788.9
787.0
764. 9
769.1
775-1
776.0
742.9
726.2
702.5
14
694.0
718.7
753-9
778.9
789.8
788.8
787.0
799.5
803.2
799.8
7S6. 9
771.7
'5
754-9
7j8. 2
744-6
752.9
75«.5
748.3
75».5
756.3
747-8
734-5
735-5
738.9
16
754-3
781. 1
759-7
740.6
711.9
700.3
698.8
696.8
702. I
702. I
704.4
690.4
>7
6S9. 0
676.5
675-7
677.4
679.4
671.5
675.1
669. s
655-7
656. 8
646. 9
646.5
18
640.8
645.8
648.6
641.0
645.1
655-4
662.3
677.6
671. 1
677-7
656.1
681. I
«9
684.8
673-5
661.5
659.1
664.6
663-3
656.5
651.9
644.:
659-3
651.9
659.5
20
678.9
680.7
67.5.5
674.5
694.8
676.3
671. 5
687.3
690. 1
679.0
695.8
688.9
21
669.6
679-5
674.2
672.5
680.4
673-5
684.8
699. 6
7>3-i
738- 5
750-3
758.0
22
774-7
766.6
772-4
762.4
769.6
764.1
766.6
763.4
773-4
780.7
780.9
798.2
23
819.7
813-4
812.6
806.2
8!0. 2
824.3
840.5
859.8
868.4
870.9
880.3
863.9
AUGUST 15, 1882.
; .
Hour.
o">
5'"
I0">
,5m
20ra
25m
30m
35™
40'"
45'"
SO""
55""
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
770.9
786.8
790.2
790.4
786.4
805.0
812.3
811;. 0
803.8
799-3
810.9
823.4
I
831.7
829. I
821.0
818.7
816.2
826.2
822.1
811.4
819. 1
830.2
844.1
840.2
2
881.7
879-7
871.4
859-2
853-5
845.9
839.7
840.6
844.4
853-5
869.3
878.9
3
893.3
8S9.0
888.9
878.6
867.4
867.8
870.7
874.2
872.2
883.6
8/6.3
875.0
4
866.5
879.1
873-6
866.0
846.9
826.5
844.4
830.3
824.9
826.0
842.8
857.0
5
869.2
869.9
844-4
839.8
826. s
831. 5
855.8
838.1
848.5
863.8
864.5
868.5
6
853- 5
864. I
862.3
868.9
856.2
850.0
868.7
867.8
830.7
844.1
840.2
832.4
7
845-9
856.3
866.4
865.0
848.3
835.2
857.2
847.3
843-8
846.2
873-6
871.2
8
830.0
840.2
828.5
829.6
846.9
857.0
846.6
849.0
831.6
775.8
777.2
782.2
9
795-3
793-9
81S-5
833-2
791.5
784.4
783-8
787.7
789.6
786. 1
774-1
778. s
10
775-7
791.6
831.0
802.6
802.7
802.3
797-4
803.7
804.9
799.1
803.8
797.8
II
797-8
795-1
793-2
780.7
773-0
770-3
774.0
784.8
788.8
794.1
795-8
792.1
Noon.
804.6
795-8
810.0
805.6
804.3
799.1
796.1
794-5
798.7
793-2
787-4
791.6
13
796.4
800.3
800. 9
807.5
823-3
822.6
799-5
789.0
802.7
800. 7
798.8
807.7
14
798.9
798.9
790.4
793 7
777-9
772-1
776.0
776.0
775-2
781.0
785.0
786.6
«5
826.6
82s 5
827.5
819.4
823.2
823-5
824.5
841.7
839-7
832. 4
807.4
795-9
16
741.3
747-3
743. 4
761.4
751.2
754-0
760.4
/ ?o. 3
738. 7
756.2
765. I
769.9
'7
775-7
798. 8
747-1
735-5
737.1
735-4
730.0
719-4
732.8
759-4
765.2
774-6
18
783- 7
777-3
767.6
770.6
769.2
763-7
777.3
766.0
755- 5
748.4
751.6
731-4
19
742-5
75'-9
770.6
781.8
777.9
781.0
763.6
755-1
728.7
757-4
783-3
793-4
20
804. 8
808.2
804.8
778.9
772.1
766.4
7<;8. 7
777-9
770.6
769.2
746. I
758-6
21
766.6
767.5
753-3
751-7
745- J
745- 1
760. 2
766.0
764-4
769. 6
780.7
789.9
22
794-9
783.6
775.9
787-8
787.2
7«5-4
780.5
787.0
786.0
796.3
798.7
800.7
23
754-6
770.2
750. 5
758-3
730.3
7 35-4
735.6
731. 4
745-0
774-7
785.0
795.0
TOE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
563
4
O. 2
9
o
o
. 2
. 2
■S
.S
. I
.6
•7
.6
9
9
.6
■4
■4
.6
•9
•7
.o
Term-day observations at Fort Con;^i-rfrom yiily i, 1882, to Aii;^ust i, 1883, inclusive — Continued.
y=Si°44'oo" A = — 64'' 43' 50"
Magnetic declination = 246° E. -j- tabular quantify. Goltingen time.
SEPTEMHER I, 1S82.
SEPTEMBER 15, 1882.
Hour.
0'"
S'"
10"'
15m
20'"
25m
30'"
35'"
40'"
45".
SO'"
55'"
/
/
/
/
t
/
/
/
/
/
0
810.4
808.6
810.8
806. 7
8-?8. I
811. 1
819. I
821. s
824.5
829.0
834.8
834.1
I
830.4
825- 3
823.6
822.2
818.5
816.4
818.2
815.4
810. 0
802.3
799.6
794- I
2
79'-4
787.6
796. 2
790.9
799.6
808. I
804.2
796.9
809.7
814.0
812.4
811. 5
3
816.8
816.3
815.0
817.4
814- s
S08. 2
803.7
804.1
804.0
809.3
808.4
802.3
4
804. I
80s. 4
804.2
S04.9
806.1
803.4
804.4
809. 2
811. 1
815.6
817-3
817.0
S
816.8
814.6
815.0
813.9
816.4
813.6
816.2
817.5
819.8
818.6
820. I
822.9
6
828.2
829. s
824.8
817.7
816.4
623.1
827.5
828.6
826.3
826.7
820. 9
821.8
7
822.2
817.0
811.3
807.4
808.2
797.0
796.5
795-6
796.9
803.3
797-8
809 6
8
811. S
8134
806. 9
796.9
788.1
791.6
794-5
791.6
797-8
799-8
795.6
770.1
9
796. 9
794- 9
782.5
779-4
784.8
782. I
802.5
794- 1
736.3
778.3
784-4
783-9
10
784-5
799.0
806. 9
795-4
776.6
763-3
779-8
774-4
787.0
801.6
794- 5
789.0
1 1
787.8
782.6
775-5
761-3
769.7
777-8
787-6
787.8
793-4
796.6
795-8
792-0
Noon.
779.0
801.6
792.6
796.5
777-1
77S-7
776.6
781. 1
777.8
770.8
770.1
775-6
«3
777' 0
775-2
777-8
782.8
782.2
779-4
781.4
781.0
779-7
782.1
781.7
• 84. 2
H
781.0
788.8
7S5, 9
783.7
776.4
772.5
786.2
788.3
/37-6
780.0
775-0
778.2
IS
774- I
782.3
78S.9
7S3.9
780.8
781.7
781. s
780.0
780.7
777-9
777- S
77^ 1
lO
777. 8
779.2
779- 6
780.9
780.2
781.9
781.6
783-7
784.0
786. 8
786. 2
7.Sh. 3
17
786. s
786.2
791.6
787-7
788.7
793- 5
793-8
792.2
793-1
796.6
795- 9
792.6
18
794-4
797-8
799. 0
794-9
795-3
798.3
804.9
806.6
804.8
805.6
807.3
807.6
19
809.0
808.8
810.0
802.6
805.2
799 4
805.8
799-9
799-5
797-7
797.0
796.9
20
801. 0
807.0
80S. 3
81S-9
816.9
819.6
818.9
814.8
811.3
810.4
816.6
816. 1
21
81-. I
821.2
815.8
S09. 6
818.4
813.8
809.0
810.0
812.5
814-3
810.0
814-5
22
806. s
809. 0
808.4
819.9
818.8
807.6
795-8
802.6
799-3
794.6
792.8
792.6
23
794-9
801.5
793- 9
804.4
800.5
804. I
805.8
803.2
801.3
799- 7
799-3
805.2
Hour.
0"'
5'"
lO"*
IS'"
20'"
25m
30'"
35'"
40"'
45'"
SO"'
55"'
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
804. I
802.2
816.3
816.8
818.4
812.7
802.7
810.2
810.0
805.1
795-8
820.2
I
838.1
841.0
841.3
849- S
849-9
836.0
836.2
831-5
824.0
830.1
825.2
821.9
2
807.6
805.3
795-9
788.7
804.8
791. I
790.4
785.7
784.6
795- 5
795-1
824.3
3
804.0
802.5
798.6
793-6
791. I
794.2
799- 4
816.3
827.3
819.2
813.0
810.8
4
807.3
805.4
801.4
806.2
810.6
816.3
827.3
835-2
841.5
834- 3
828.3
852.3
S
846.2
842.4
855.4
860.0
848.6
834-3
844.2
850.6
858.4
873-7
876.4
877.1
6
874-8
870.1
866.2
868.9
870.3
873-1
870.2
872.3
875-7
856.9
853-7
845-0
7
826.7
819.4
819.4
824.7
839- 3
856.6
855.0
853-8
852.7
849-4
845-5
838.2
8
846.0
841.3
862.7
856.4
861.2
861. I
856. 6
853-7
838.5
836.2
845.6
843.1
9
856.3
848..
856.8
849-7
846.7
84? -
831.4
806.0
801.0
807.6
811.3
816.9
10
816.9
>*2j-3
825.0
833-7
821.3
.827.8
820.6
817-7
818.0
822.6
820.2
813-7
II
809.0
807.5
802.1
806.0
808.5
813-5
8i8. 5
816.4
811.9
811.9
814.9
809.8
Noon.
814.6
824.7
82.\ 2
821.3
817-3
811. 6
806. 8
803.7
803.2
802.8
794.2
793-9
13
79' 9
804.4
800.0
814.2
813-0
814.8
816.4
818. I
793-4
788.4
778.3
790.7
14
776.5
781.9
781-5
786.7
786. 1
785.6
782. 5
772.0
766.6
771.6
770.4
779-0
15
773- 5
7S0.8
782. 8
782.9
780.3
779- I
776.5
780.8
782.5
784.1
773- S
767.1
16
779-2
777-2
772.3
783-7
791.0
778- s
769- 5
769.2
774-7
779-5
789. 2
802.8
17
802.2
809. 9
811.3
806. 1
S08.0
815.0
820. 1
823.2
817-3
812.7
819.7
820.5
18
817-7
812.6
810.6
804.5
806.0
809. I
800. 9
794-3
793-4
796.3
794-9
783-6
-■9
776.0
774.8
785.6
791.1
816.1
830.8
833-0
836.2
840.0
837-4
835- 9
828.5
20
828.1
830.7
S23.3
823.6
823.3
818.4
830.1
810.6
803.4
798.2
784.1
777.0
21
788.0
794-7
781-7
792. 5
790-7
796.1
795-2
789.6
7S6. 5
776.9
766.0
767.3
22
769- 3
772-8
775-3
781.4
790.7
801.0
813- I
823.6
809.3
807. 5
804. I
801.3
23
802.2
807.1
814.0
819.6
S23.6
8338
833-3
821.2
820.5
823.9
832.1
832.3
Ml,
,. In'
1 *'
!l''
m i
!|!»
If
V ■<
!
t
if
^m
I
If, ,■
i!
564 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Tenit'day observations at Fort Conger from yufy i, 1882, to August i, 1883, incluswe — Continued.
^ = 8i»44'oo" X ^ — 64° 43' so"
Magnetic declination = 246° E. + tabular quantity. Gottingen time.
OCTOBER I, 1882.
Hour.
om
5™
10"
IS™
/
20".
25m
30".
35'"
40'"
45"'
SO"'
55m
f
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
730-7
730.0
728.2
725.2
725-4
723-6
726.1
721-3
720. I
7>6-3
71S-0
719.0
I
724.0
722.7
719-2.
723-6
721. I
722.3
730.0
720.4
723- 8
723-6
721.8
722.9
2
722.5
719-8
722.2
723-8
722.8
728.9
730.0
m- 8
740-3
740.9
736.4
734- 0
3
733' I
729.4
732.0
736-4
734-0
738.7
737-3
736-4
735- 2
732-2
736.9
734-3
4
729.8
730.6
732-5
734-4
735- 5
736.4
735-1
735- 4
735-4
736.5
7.?7-9
7.!8.9
5
73i;.Q
742-7
743-4
748-4
745-9
750.1
752-5
752.0
746-6
747-8
755-3
754.1
6
750.1
744-4
742.6
741-9
743-8
744-3
740.6
737.3
737- S
738.8
7.W-8
740.2
7
739-3
739-9
73S.6
742.7
736-8
728.3
728.7
731-8
729.0
73>-6
729.0
725.5
8
724- 3
724.2
724- 7
721.5
721.3
719.0
725.2
729-3
730.4
730-1
731-6
728.3
9
728.0
732-9
738.8
739-6
738-2
737-6
74'- 3
757-5
748.4
747-4
741-3
740.3
10
743-0
744.8
739-5
742.7
742.6
740.2
734.1
724-5
724.2
727-4
733-1
725.1
II
728.6
73I-I
729-0
728.3
726.7
726.6
725-1
725-6
722.4
716.9
715-0
715.0
Noon.
715.8
714-3
712.4
714-3
716.7
712.2
711. 9
712. 2
710.5
720. I
7174
71S.8
«3
720.9
717-3
712.4
719.2
707.2
707.1
711. 7
709.0
712.9
716.9
711-4
706. I
14
710.8
700.8
698.3
708.2
714-7
721.8
722. 8
697.8
689.0
687-5
6S7. 1
691.3
IS
714-3
706.8
709.4
713-3
711. 7
699- 3
087. I
746.8
744.4
740.4
743-0
778. s
16
778.6
774-0
776.9
784.2
785.8
785-1
789.7
791.9
793- '
798-3
78S. 8
789-7
17
797-7
798.0
805.6
806.1
809.6
807.9
8oy. 8
809.0
8u.8
814. 1
815.9
818.2
18
813-0
814.5
812.3
812.3
812.0
812.5
814.5
816.4
816.4
813.0
809.0
810. 1
19
806.6
810.6
812.7
811. 6
814.6
818.5
818.9
817-9
807.2
813- I
812.3
811. 8
20
814.9
819.4
821.3
822.6
820.6
820.3
815. I
812.7
813.4
817. 1
821.2
822.6
21
824.6
819. 5
818.5
817.9
815- 5
818.8
816.7
813-3
820.2
816. 1
821.2
827.8
22
829.1
825.7
820.0
819.9
822.3
817.9
819.9
820.7
823.8
822.2
821. 1
23
828.2
828.8
821.6
819.8
823-4
831.2
823.1
822.4
828.0
821.9
821.5
820.0
OCTOBER 15, 1S82.
Hour.
ora
5""
10".
15™
20".
25m
30™
3S™
40"'
/
45™
SO".
55™
/
/
/
•'
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
800.3
803.9
801.0
794.6
786.2
720.6
830.5
815.6
8U.3
813. 1
807.2
804.8
I
803.1
798.4
801.5
800.3
804.3
809. -
809.8
811. 2
806.3
805.9
S06. 2
812.9
2
811.0
818.0
831-8
S30.5
823.8
821.9
826.3
829. 1
816.7
817.6
820. 9
814-7
3
806.0
S25. 6
827.7
840.4
844.2
853-9
859-1
859.7
857-7
859. 3
858.1
858.5
4
853- 0
847.1
844-4
849-5
852.6
850.9
848.3
841-3
844-7
842.2
839- 3
834- 9
5
833-6
824. I
821.2
818.5
809.4
788.2
770.0
790.7
792.7
787.7
780.5
771.7
6
778.4
786.9
776.4
779-5
786.6
795-9
813.0
824.9
840. 4
839.8
830.4
829 2
7
836. 3
829.4
835-1
830.0
809.2
813-9
823. 3
818.7
817. I
822. 9
834-2
838,4
8
836.2
827.0
821.2
821.0
82). 8
826.4
83.=- S
836.3
840. I
835.0
838.0
840.4
9
837-2
828.0
816.8
816.8
8-7-4
826.5
820. I
S24. 9
821.8
807.3
804. 2
800. I
10
806.5
801.9
799-6
795-6
7 .9. 6
791-1
789-3
784-1
783- c
778.8
775-4
781. 5
II
762.7
756.4
752.9
752- 5
/64.2
767- 6
771.9
770. S
759- >
744.2
737-9
729.0
Noon.
736.8
739.4
738.0
742.0
740.4
743-6
745-1
750. 6
750- I
749-8
752-1
736.1
13
731-8
741- 5
740.8
727-7
744-2
739-0
:'3''. 4
7-to- 0
736- 5
739-2
746. I
734- I
14
741-5
737-5
733-4
727.0
727-5
722.9
713- 4
697-7
699. 0
702.4
702.4
721-3
«5
717-6
717.2
708.2
712.0
712. 2
722. I
716.0
717-2
719. 1
712.0
7:1-3
709.1
16
702.7
704.0
707.1
707.9
708.9
710,9
715.4
703. 6
692. 5
717.8
716.9
713-8
17
718.4
721.6
733-9
729.4
753-2
761.6
755-4
765-3
771.9
780,1
778.0
771-5
18
761.6
756.5
757-5
767-5
769. 7
751-7
763- I
766. I
768. 9
766, 5
774.0
794-4
'9
787.2
777-2
775- 1
77^- ■■)
781.3
780.8
788.5
793-6
799-2
804,7
803.8
796. 9
20
794-6
792. 2
791.8
7S2.3
781.0
769.1
724.4
738- 5
753-0
768.4
774-6
781.0
2!
785-0
783- 2
772.2
775-4
779.2
783- 3
76S. 7
770.2
786.1
789, 2
796.0
793. 7
22
801.5
808.8
803.6
801.8
796. 7
802. 1
8(.2. 8
803. 9
791- 5
787.4
794.5
786.7
23
773.8
766.6
7So. I
747.4
761.3
777-6
786.3
787-9
799. «
786.7
791.0
797.0
THE LADY FllANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Term-day observatiom at Fort Conger from yuly i, 1882, to August 1, 1883, inclusive — Continued.
^ = 81° 44' 00" A = — 04^43' 50"
Magnetic declination = 246° E. + tabular quantity. Gottingen time,
NOVEMBER i, 1882.
Hour.
0"'
5"'
IO"i
IS"'
20'"
25"'
30m
35"
40™
45"'
50™
55™
/
/
/
/
/
f
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
763-5
764.2
758.8
767.0
772.1
775-2
777.6
778-3
780.3
780.4
780.8
779.9
I
784.9
783- 9
774-1
777-9
788.5
788.7
788.6
790.8
787.9
786.9
786.3
781.8
2
794. 0
800. 0
791.6
797-8
793. 5
782.2
780. I
759.5
744. 3
73'. '
3
732.7
728.3
721.3
722. 6
728.2
73'.6
744.8
749.8
751.2
745.8
768.2
784,1
4
769. 0
760.7
759-1
758.8
756.9
768.5
782.1
760.9
729.9
724.0
723.3
724.1
5
721.7
724.8
723-6
724.4
721.7
720. 2
716.7
73'. 0
744.1
741.2
738.'
728.4
6
734-'
741-2
744-8
746. 3
740.8
734-9
732.7
735.0
742.0
740.8
738.0
737.2
7
728.6
727,0
728.3
735-7
735-2
735.4
738.1
723.4
726. I
722.6
728.7
73'. 5
8
731-4
731-9
729.0
731-8
731-8
731. I
736.9
73«.'
732.7
729. S
733-7
732.6
9
721.5
7^8. 3
734-2
730.8
724-4
720. I
726.3
729.3
723.2
721.5
725.5
725.9
10
721.5
717-7
715-7
717.8
720. 2
716.6
714.0
765.6
764.2
767.1
771.2
769.0
II
776.2
783-9
7S3.8
782.6
786.6
789.4
782.6
787.0
793.5
791.0
781.3
783.5
Noon.
785-5
783-4
7S5-3
743.3
755-6
761.9
760.7
770.2
778.2
793.2
797.2
787.1
13
785.0
782.0
777-2
776.2
763.4
763.2
759-7
755.0
756.3
756.4
760.9
763.8
'4
761.8
754-1
738.7
717.3
712.6
707.7
784.4
695.8
700.5
703.5
707.6
7 '3. 2
'5
709. I
706.5
705.7
703.3
705.4
714.7
707.5
709.2
706.3
701. 2
693.7
681.6
16
701.7
703-9
7.?8. I
743.5
767.6
777.7
775.6
780.2
775.5
784.6
767.8
774.7
•7
774-5
752.8
737.9
733.8
732.2
737.8
733.7
745. 5
752. 8
762.9
764.7
776.5
18
764-3
768.2
757.3
757.0
747.2
762.5
739.2
738.6
737.1
729.9
7'8.4
732.7
19
722.3
735-4
734. 5
750.9
743-5
742.0
748.5
733-4
731. I
734.4
737-'
744.7
20
733-8
753-3
767.8
707.0
760.7
768.7
780.6
779.1
788.4
790.9
781.0
766.7
21
773 >
777.6
779-8
779.1
778.2
781.9
781.6
785.8
784.3
788.4
779-2
782.5
22
782. s
784-3
790.1
794.0
791.6
788.9
792.1
793.6
793.7
793.5
796-3
794.6
23
791.7
792.4
7S8.6
788.4
782.7
779.1
778.9
773.3
773.8
803.2
791.2
795-5
NOVEMBER 15, 1882.
Hour.
Qin
5'"
IO"i
,5m
20m
25™
30m
35™
40™
45m
SO'"
55™
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
69'. 5
681.4
683.0
684.2
707.3
729.8
770.6
787.3
833.8
857.9
809.2
837.6
I
786. 5
790.0
809.9
768.3
73»-9
737.7
732.1
716.4
721.2
735.3
744.0
2
V^l
802.7
819.4
802.1
787.8
790.1
795.9
781.8
777.'
755.4
797-5
798.2
3
812.8
837.8
812.4
750.8
742.5
768.7
789.0
826.3
805.6
782.0
776. 1
859.0
4
932.0
925.2
940.2
944-6
977.2
966.5
1022. 2
1068. 3
1 128.0
"34-7
1 140. 9
1088. 8
5
IOI2. 5
1085.6
1039. 8
941.9
928. 1
955.2
997.2
1171.8
1219.5
1217.0
1091.2
1050. 2
6
1082.9
1057.4
1082. 9
979.2
962. 2
953.4
1043. 2
lOIO. I
1055. 1
1082. 9
1036. 6
1096. 8
7
II28.8
1035. 2
1049.4
1044. 2
1005. I
943.4
946.9
970.1
966.7
964.3
935.6
953.6
8
9'5-7
9'9.5
9'5.7
910. 2
975-3
"24.3
1246.3
1252.9
1 183. 8
1130.2
1018.3
905.2
9
896.3
903.9
937.9
929-4
889.9
897.9
838.3
884.4
882.6
831.7
849.9
958.3
10
861.5
864.1
^61. 1
832.8
947-9
840.9
807.9
656.3
645.6
794. S
723.7
758.8
.,"
773.6
830.0
828.2
774.6
669. I
671.8
692.7
753.4
763-4
798.2
750.4
706.0
Noon.-
667.4
640.4
660. 0
677- 5
652- 5
755-6
690. 2
712.7
670.5
760.0
841. 1
793-3
'3
792.1
810.8
820.8
790.2
770.2
877.7
813.5
848.7
866.7
838.2
911.7
904.3
'4
841.2
871.0
947.9
942.5
932.0
926.6
921. 1
997.2
1021.7
1042. 3
1035. 9
1004.3
'5
941.0
954.3
959. '
902.7
929.4
962.3
924.6
905.2
900.9
985.6
1004.4
957-2
16
1036. 7
1002.8
1004. I
892.1
902. 1
912.9
884.7
929.8
S73.2
836.3
806.4
822.7
'7
846.4
847.8
847.1
839-3
771.9
814.4
778.1
741.7
704.4
691. 1
697.0
701.0
18
677.8
736. 2
707.3
784.0
822.7
827.8
792.4
877.1
904.0
860.4
808.9
831.0
19
790. 5
7S9.9
835- 9
858.7
741.7
871.7
943.2
963.1
889.5
1002. 1
932.2
936.2
20
871.7
924.3
950.9
954-3
923.6
984.4
947.2
1000.4
966. 2
899.3
948. 3
906.4
21
913.3
959- 0
977- 9
930.4
940.7
952.8
936.9
93'. 4
1057. I
1055.7
1115.7
1082.5
22
1080. 7
1178.4
1106. 4
1 126. 5
1051. I
1057.5
925.8
1014. 9
971.4
945.8
935.1
981.3
23
862.0
851.5
854.0
892.8
938.7
893.2
896.3
888.8
926. 2
939-4
982.1
946.8
565
' u
ill
566
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
lit :■■
r: n n!:i. :
! :! ■
Term-day ohserrations at Fort Conger from J^iify i, i88;, to .li/i^^iist i, 1883, inclusive — Continued.
9 -Si" 44' 00" ;i-:— 04° J 3' 50"
Magnetic (leclinalioii - 246° E. -f tabular ciuaiitity. (lollingen time.
DECEMIsr.K I, 1SS2.
Hour.
0""
jm
IQ">
ijii
20'"
25'"
30'"
35'"
f
40"'
/
45™
SO'"
Sjm
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
f
/
0
792. 3
790.0
793-9
768.6
784.4
778.0
782.3
790.6
766. 3
757-5
764. 0
783- 1
I
791.6
784.6
793-4
775-8
777-9
797- 3
801.7
766. 0
752.6
767. 9
781.7
786. 8
2
786.8
779.4
791. 1
798.7
801.3
793- «
799-9
S22. 4
810.6
814.0
815.6
813-5
3
805.3
802.3
803.2
809.1
792- 5
807.6
822. 8
S14.4
802.3
781.5
782.9
787-4
4
792- 5
804.0
814.4
807.5
802.4
7S9. 8
794- I
80-,. 2
807.1
808. 6
817-5
817-3
S
809.7
822.8
841. 1
856.8
8J6.3
8?8.o
814-7
810.3
S11.4
816.7
827.0
821.6
6
822.6
811. 8
802.3
789.8
777-4
768.9
774- 0
785.9
798. 0
809. 7
817-7
821.9
7
81S. 5
810.4
801.0
813- 3
817-4
805. I
818.6
822.7
826.7
827.1
825. I
820.6
8
S02. 7
799' 3
S12. 2
805.9
787-8
790.1
792.5
795-4
792.6
785-2
796.5
802.4
9
805.6
S13.8
807.6
80Q. I
805.6
802. I
795-6
S01.7
797.6
804.8
806. 4
810.0
10
809.2
814.7
805.9
S06.0
800. 9
800.9
S13.0
799-7
80^.0
795-5
791.2
799.6
II
802.0
798.1
793-8
795- S
798.2
785.7
783-3
793-7
814.0
810.2
797-7
800. 5
Noon.
803.7
791-4
807.2
807.8
795- 2
795-4
785-9
778.6
798,0
800. 9
799-4
798- 1
«3
793- >
784.4
786.7
788.3
782.8
780.5
7S4. I
734-4
759- 0
775-4
766.0
770-3
•4
780.3
787-4
790.6
783-5
767. 5
742.3
737-3
755-7
771-3
766. 2
753-9
751.2
«S
755-6
767.2
775- «
769.0
763-5
754-5
752-8
756-7
763-1
776.1
785-8
801.4
16
799- 5
800.5
798.1
802.2
803.5
796.4
793-2
799-1
806.2
810.8
808.1
812.7
>7
Sio. 8
815.2
808.5
808.0
795- S
796.3
805. 2
811. 6
809.3
812.4
805.4
803.9
18
803.1
807.6
801.0
795-2
797.0
794. 8
800.7
804.3
801.0
795- 0
783-3
769-4
19
770.2
784-7
798.9
80?. 8
802.6
795.6
79«-4
797-4
798.7
788.4
777.2
773-3
20
785.0
791-4
796.6
796. 8
795-9
794-5
797.6
799.6
793-6
787-9
783-3
784.0
21
783.6
783-5
777-5
771-7
769- 3
767.1
773-'
779.2
789.0
788.1
782.0
783.6
22
781. 1
778.6
780. 6
777.6
778-8
775-3
783-7
776.6
7S5.0
781.9
773- 7
760.5
23
748.0
764.0
762.4
756.3
757-0
762. s
778.8
789-0
800.5
793-7
794-3
782.4
DECEMHER 15, 1SS2.
Hour.
om
5"'
10'"
151"
20"'
25m
30".
35'"
40'"
/
45'"
50'"
55™
/
f
/
/
1
/
t
/
/
/
0
809.3
S13-2
810.6
809.3
807.9
805.5
803.5
799-6
802.4
796- 5
799-5
799.2
I
799.0
804. 2
801.9
799-5
795-6
806.3
801.3
8oi.o
804.8
804.5
800. 2
801.7
2
802. 7
800.6
803.8
804.7
806.8
801.7
805.5
799- 7
802.4
S04. 1
802.7
3
802.8
806.9
804.2
805.7
800.3
798.4
798.7
795- 9
792.2
792.6
796. 4
799- 3
4
798.6
796-4
795-2
799-7
802.5
800.0
800.8
802.0
798. I
797- 7
804.8
802.3
5
8^.0.3
799- 7
801.9
801.0
796.8
803.1
801.4
800.4
800.7
801.1
804.7
802.4
6
803.1
806.2
805-5
805.5
806.6
S04. 8
S03. 5
805.2
803.4
805.2
796.9
805.5
7
801.4
808.4
805.5
801.4
802.1
803.8
801.4
805.2
805.4
8II.6
819.5
828.8
8
83«-S
820.2
814.0
806.9
799-7
802. I
805. 1
802.5
80;. I
S03.6
804.6
807.2
9
807.4
803.6
805.2
805.2
801.5
800.8
803.9
798.0
798.8
801.0
799-3
798.6
10
803.6
808.4
811. 6
801.9
797-9
794-4
798.6
796. 9
803.4
801. 9
799.1
804.7
II
812.8
779-6
780.0
785.1
792.6
798.6
802.0
801.7
797.2
800.3
805.9
806.6
Noon.
807.2
799- 2
800.4
803.0
805.7
805.2
799- 2
797-2
799- 9
792-4
798.0
803.6
13
807.5
797-3
795- >
807.9
807.4
805.1
803.1
792. 4
796.2
794.0
798.7
797-5
14
805.8
805.4
793- 7
795-9
795-'
79S. I
7S7-3
779- I
781.2
780.9
783-1
791.7
«s
80?. 2
803.2
797- 9
805.1
802.8
802. I
802.5
7'J9- 5
804.3
800.7
805.0
790.9
16
796. 8
793-8
793-5
797.0
790. 8
796.2
797- 0
791-0
789.5
792.9
801.3
797.0
17
797-2
794-4
786.6
774-7
7'-'o 2
793- 2
776. I
794- 1
793- 7
788.8
795-6
786.3
18
782.9
791-7
794.1
785.5
782.9
779-4
778. 4
784- 3
795-5
786.9
783-9
789.0
19
784.3
782.4
767.6
765.0
772- I
751-3
755-8
754- 3
763- 1
772.6
775.6
767.5
20
775-0
792.0
789.5
788.6
781.6
770.9
771.0
773- 3
776.9
747-8
743-2
727.8
21
730- 5
730.5
721.5
732-3
717-3
707.8
711-4
705.1
705.4
703.6
701. 2
698.4
22
685.9
682. 3
670.5
680. 9
687. I
701.0
703. 2
707. 6
707.5
705.9
711-5
716.7
23
73«-9
750.3
767- 5
767-0
763- 2
776.0
760.5
767- 3
757-1
754-5
755-5
758.4
THE LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
567
Term-day obscn'ations at Fort Conner from yuly i, 1882, to August i, 1883, inclusive — Continued.
^i 81° 44' 00" X = - 64° 43' so"
Magnetic declination -- 246° E. -|- tabular (quantity. GOttingen time.
JANUAKY I, 1883.
Hour.
0"'
S"'
10'"
Ijm
20"!
25m
30'"
35'"
40'"
45'"
50'"
55m
/
/
/
/
f
/
f
/
/
/
/
/
0
985.3
994.2
IOOI.3
1005. s
lOlI. 2
1013.4
1011.3
1009.7
1013.4
1021. 3
1019.2
1028.8
I
1025. 2
•037.4
•051.3
1047. 1
1067.0
(*)
(*)
i:L
880.4
871.2
876.2
876.0
2
886.2
891.0
901. 1
902. s
904.1
QI3. I
917.4
924- 5
925-3
920.9
928. 2
3
935- «
935°
941.0
932- 4
930.4
936- S
947.0
960.5
9^8- 5
984. 4
999- 4
988.9
4
990. 9
998 8
1000. 5
1008.9
1029. I
1021. 9
1017.2
1013. 6
1011.0
1006.8
1005. 6
1009.4
5
1011.6
998. 6
97'4
964.8
966.8
979- 3
988.2
981.8
979- 4
974- 2
97.?- 4
965- 3
6
979-3
97«.9
979.6
978.8
986.9
987-8
990.0
994-5
984.4
980.7
984- 3
997. I
7
1000.8
1004.0
1001.3
999.2
996.0
997- 2
1000.4
1000. 4
997. 2
996. I
1001.8
1013.2
8
1014. 6
1023.4
1023. 9
1016.8
loio. 9
1008. 9
1009.5
1001,3
996.8
994-7
994- 9
998. s
9
1011.3
1020. 5
1020. I
1016.7
1008.5
1006.0
1007. 8
ion. 2
1014. 5
1020. 5
1022. I
1025.5
10
1028. 2
1026.5
1024. s
1021. 0
1019.4
1013-3
1006. 6
1002.0
1003. 8
1011.7
1021. I
1024. 3
II
1019. 9
1003. I
1020. 4
1031. 2
1041.9
1036. 2
1035.6
1033- 6
1027. 2
1030. 9
1029. 7
1028. 6
Noon.
1026. 2
ioi6. 8
1024. 1
1032. 7
1037. 9
1030. 5
1030. 8
1049. 6
1046. 7
1048. 4
1018.0
•034- 7
'3
1045. 6
1052. 9
1053. 8
1054. 2
1045. I
1015.3
998.6
1006. 2
1002.7
996. 4
1020. 8
1005. 1
'4
1003. 7
982.8
961. I
943-6
1006.2
887.8
916.4
941.9
980.7
1000. 6
1037. 1
ioi;4. 8
«S
1068. 5
1083.4
1086. 2
1107. 1
1038. 0
1016. 2
1010.4
1009. 1
1028. 3
"053- 3
1032. 6
1044.8
16
1058. 9
1082. 0
1076. 6
1082. 0
1076.0
1077.4
1076. 4
1065.0
1064.5
'057- 5
• 055.6
•055. 8
17
1052. 2
1042. 2
1023. 8
1029. 7
1042. 9
1045.8
1035. 6
1037. I
1051.7
1058. 2
1054. 1
1051.2
18
•OS39
1056. 3
1060.4
1052. 2
1057. 5
1057. 2
1039- I
1039. 1
1043- 7
1043. 0
1042. 6
1038. 7
19
1043. 0
1019.4
1008. 2
1010.9
1006. 5
1017.4
1012. 3
1008. 9
1014. 7
1018. 7
1027. 5
102S. 5
20
loio. 5
999- 9
1002. I
1007.8
loiO. 0
1008.9
1012. 1
1009.2
1008.9
1004. 6
1006. 2
loii. 9
21
1014. 7
1017.S
I02I. 2
1027.0
1028. 5
1037- 7
1036. 4
1038.9
1027.5
1018. 1
1022. 6
1018.6
22
1029. 3
1045.2
1038.4
104O. I
1041.0
1050. 0
1053- 0
1056. 8
1061. 2
•073-4
107 1. 2
1074. 7
23
1077.4
1072.4
10739
1070. 8
1068. 7
1067. 5
1066. 9
1066. 3
1069. 6
1065. 6
1066. 7
1060. 6
* Torsion tilcen out.
JANUARY 15, 1883.
Hour.
QUI
jm
10'"
15m
20"'
25m
30™
35'"
40""
45m
50'"
55"'
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
828.2
830.7
829.8
829.5
^il.A
830.4
834. 0
837- 7
841. s
844.4
845-3
847.6
1
853-8
856. 9
S64.0
867.0
867.8
869.5
878. 6
882.2
887.0
891.7
891.0
892. 4
2
891.3
890.1
890. 9
891.3
892.2
894.2
891.6
898.3
903.6
906.7
907-4
908.3
3
907.6
910. 3
912.9
909.2
90s- 7
911.0
911.9
909-9
912. 2
912.3
9«4-3
92O. 9
4
911.9
9^5- '
911.0
916.0
918.0
919.6
916.4
9'4-5
912.9
912.3
9«4-3
919. 1
5
922.4
922.6
922. 9
918.4
916.0
926.6
929-3
918.5
920. 2
925.6
923- 9
919. 1
6
918. 1
916.0
917.2
916.5
914.6
9^5-3
914. I
920. I
920. 9
925- •
923- 8
920. 0
7
919. I
923- 9
922. 9
920. I
912.2
921.5
917.2
9'4-5
919.2
92^-5
920. 1
919.6
8
022. 0
924. 4
922.4
922.3
926. 7
925- 4
926.9
926. 6
922.7
92^-3
925.3
924-2
9
930. 5
928.2
929.7
929.9
9^2. 0
929.9
934-5
930.9
932. 8
933-5
934- 0
934- 7
10
935- 6
934- 7
932. 6
936.0
937-6
935- •
932-1
932. 6
930.5
932-6
93'- 3
93'- 5
u
930. I
93^-3
932. •
930. 9
930.2
932.2
930. 6
932.1
924.6
93^-7
934-8
933- 2
Noon.
929.1
922.7
923-5
902.3
911.8
906.4
920.9
9<2 5
9^3-3
912. 1
913.6
911.4
•3
920. I
922. 2
923- 6
921.5
918.9
919.6
912-3
911.4
914- 0
904.1
896. 5
898.3
•4
895- 5
907.4
917.4
948.4
949.0
951.8
950.9
947-8
944- 7
939- 0
902.4
921.7
•5
924. 5
93^-7
929-7
923-2
932. 4
944.6
930.2
919.4
908.3
910. 3
903.7
907.6
16
919.1
920. 6
924.2
920.0
912. 2
912. 2
905.9
905.2
896.5
886.4
884. 6
881.8
•7
887. 0
8S9. 1
.S80. 4
869. 5
865. 2
869.5
8-'7.o
88i. 1
889.7
873.6
868. 8
864.0
18
Si59-9
874.9
874-7
872.3
881.6
885.3
889. 7
889. 4
899-3
905. 2
906.5
897.0
19
889. 9
8S7. 6
895- 2
893. I
890. 0
891.9
893- 9
887.3
898.3
887.5
893.8
903- 7
20
900.3
896. 2
901.9
898. 2
892. I
889.5
890.0
888.4
889.9
893. 1
894. 9
897- 3
2'
887.1
893- 4
889. 9
880. 4
891. 5
888.2
889. 1
891. 1
899. 4
888.4
888.4
896. 1
22
905-9
917.6
9'3-9
90S. 6
905.0
9^4-5
922.8
922.8
927-3
929.5
929. 5
933- 5
23
933-6
937-3
934- 2
930.2
936.0
953- 7
953-2
938. 3
936. 2
945-5
950.7
•954-7
568
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
■ fi
k w:
Term-Jay observations at Fort Conger from yuly i, 1882, to August i, 1883, inclusive — Continued.
0 ^ 8i» 44' 00" X --- - 64<> 43' 50"
Magnetic declination - 246° E. + taiiiilar i|unntity. Gutlingen time.
FEBRUARY I, 1883.
Hour.
QIH
5'"
10"'
IS'"
20"'
25'"
30'"
35'"
40'"
45'"
50"'
Sjm
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
789.0
788.4
785- 3
783.6
788. 5
789.6
789. 9
791-8
795-8
795.8
796.2
794.3
1
797-4
801.7
801.7
795.6
799.0
805.6
805. 0
814.8
821.0
804.6
802.0
801.8
2
802.4
798.8
799- 3
798. 9
796.7
791.9
786. 5
783-0
7S2.9
785.7
783- 1
786.0
3
790.8
796.2
799.8
795-4
797-9
800.9
800.5
797-3
796-7
795.4
798.5
797. 0
4
807.1
817.2
815-4
809.3
795-4
787.9
795- 6
806.4
804.8
815-7
815-4
818 6
5
823-2
810.2
799-3
793-5
779-4
781.6
779-8
780.9
782.0
781.6
784.1
784.8
6
789.0
788.3
786.8
787.8
789.4
789.8
793-0
792.2
788.8
791-5
795.3
792. 2
7
787.8
790.3
797-4
793-5
789.4
794.0
792.4
791-8
793-5
788.5
788.4
788.3
8
797-3
783-7
803.6
792.2
794-9
791-6
79>-5
784.8
784-1
793-5
785.2
794.0
9
793- 0
789. 9
802. 1
796. 3
793- 8
790.5
786. 7
782.0
799-3
799.0
796. 0
794.0
10
794-7
796- 3
804. 0
802.8
797- 5
803-3
798. 8
803.2
802.1
799.7
805.9
801.7
II
798.4
796.8
794.2
795-6
790.3
79'.'
796-3
797-7
791.6
791.9
798.2
797-3
Noon.
798.9
796.2
796.0
769.0
796-3
795-7
792.3
794.2
793-8
786.9
792.2
791.5
'3
789.2
787-4
790. 5
785-3
792.0
801.6
796.0
790.1
789.6
783.1
797.8
787-9
14
797-5
785-1
787.6
796.6
801.5
802.9
795-8
790.9
788.3
774.3
771.7
792.2
'S
790.5
775-9
768.3
77'-5
769.6
759- 0
758.6
761.8
746.3
743.4
737. 7
741.0
16
753-5
764.6
778.7
800.0
806. I
800.2
797.0
790.3
779.8
773.7
761. 2
756.7
»7
740. 1
722.4
733-1
730. 8
71S-4
710.8
7'3-9
7'8-5
726.8
734.8
727.0
7?JS
18
712. I
701. 2
7'2.3
700. 2
701.8
707-3
687.0
668.7
652.4
631.4
588.4
568.3
«9
565.2
576.6
594-2
621. 4
633- 4
687.7
7'S-3
767.8
781.4
782.5
786.8
8c -.4
20
810.8
804.7
814.2
818.6
786.2
735-8
702.8
701.3
702. I
698.9
700.2
698.1
21
710.6
714.0
716-3
723-3
736- 5
745-6
735-4
714.3
686.5
671.8
653.9
646.1
22
639-9
649.1
650. 2
652.8
655.2
674.0
702.6
713-7
721.9
727-5
741.6
746.8
23
742.6
742.4
759.6
761.6
77/- 8
775.3
783.0
790.6
807.2
793-3
793.2
794.6
FEBRUARY 15, 1883.
Hour.
QUI
5"
IO>n
,5111
20'"
25m
30'"
35'"
40'"
45'"
50"'
55'"
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
*8o6. 8
809. 1
807.3
807. 5
806.1
798.2
783.6
782.6
782.5
779.8
786.9
783.1
I
785.4
790.8
791.9
800.4
800.6
790.4
784.0
799-4
803.6
801.3
805.9
794.4
2
798.1
804.6
803.2
802.8
799-5
796.2
795.2
798.2
811. 2
807.1
815-3
810.3
3
804.4
807. I
823-7
823-7
821.2
817.6
821.9
822.7
825.2
809.3
799-8
791.2
4
783.6
783-1
785-1
782.5
788. I
798.8
803. 3
800.5
795-5
800.5
801.3
799.3
5
786.8
796.6
794.6
799-7
801.1
802.3
799. 8
796.4
794-7
791. 1
788.1
793-7
6
799-7
799-7
797.0
792.2
796.1
796-1
800.5
805.9
804.8
805.0
805.7
7
806.0
804.0
808.3
820.9
824.0
808.6
807.2
805.0
807.0
801.8
804.3
807.0
8
796.3
803.2
809.7
810.8
809.7
808.7
810.4
812.7
807.6
800.5
792-0
784.0
9
790.8
792.2
790.6
786.3
793-7
795-4
796-4
801.9
800.9
803.4
806.6
803.2
10
798.8
798.8
803.9
806.0
802.1
800.2
798-2
796.3
80?. 0
802. 1
796. 3
800.8
II
799.5
801. 1
794.6
796.6
797-8
797-4
797.0
797-7
798.8
795-4
798.1
796.4
Noon.
798.9
787-4
790.0
796.6
799-5
800.8
791.8
793-6
795-0
795-2
796. 4
796.6
'3
798.8
795- 4
791-8
793.0
791.8
796.8
798.8
800.0
796. 3
795.0
793- 7
795-2
14
794.8
795-0
796.6
800. I
795-9
795-4
794.0
788.2
788.1
785.6
787-1
796.7
15
795.5
794-0
798.6
787.5
786.4
787-4
797.8
797-4
794-3
795-8
799-1
797.0
16
793.6
800. 2
.S07. 9
798.5
789.7
800.4
796.3
799-1
796.4
794.1
792.7
793.3
17
795. 2
788.6
778.6
785.7
791.6
790.0
787.6
773-5
775-5
781.7
793-5
794.4
18
798.9
794.6
799-5
800.2
800. 0
799-0
798.2
797-3
797. 5
792.3
791.2
792.6
19
791-3
792- 4
793-6
790.8
791-3
786. 4
787.8
788.2
774.4
780.2
779- 4
774.4
20
776.0
776.0
773-8
789-3
788.6
787.4
781.4
775-9
770.3
775-2
788.6
804. 1
21
800.5
797- 9
791-6
797-5
794.0
791-5
794.4
788.4
786.4
78s- 2
781-4
785.2
22
795-9
799- 3
804.0
807.5
811. 4
809.5
800.5
803.4
800.0
800.2
806. I
805.2
23
809-7
806.6
799- 8
788.9
777-2
773.1
769.3
767.0
764. 5
769-7
768.9
768.7
V t
•Or 813.4?
ill
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
569
Tertn day ohsen'ations at Fort Conger from ynly f , 1882, to Auj^ust i, 18.S3, hiclitsivr — Continued.
^ = 81° 44' 00" >. = — 64=43' 50"
Magnetic <lecliiiati()n 246° K. f tabular cinarility. (iiittiiifjun time.
MAKCII I, 18S3.
MARCH 15, 1S83.
Hour.
O"'
S"'
lO'n
15m
ao™
ajm
30m
35"'
40"!
4Sm
/
SO"'
55'"
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
f
/
/
0
762.2
763- 1
756.2
757-8
762.3
757-4
765.9
783.8
792.7
802. I
795-3
774.8
I
767.4
765.1
789.0
798.6
798.9
812.7
825-3
810.3
807.8
805-3
805.6
811.2
2
801.8
794- 7
790.7
793- 5
812.7
816.2
807.5
806.5
809.6
840.4
847-7
847.8
3
846. 1
858.3
859. 2
849-3
847.1
858.8
863.4
871-3
873.6
881.1
881.8
863.3
4
856.4
858.8
843-3
830.2
823.1
823.1
826.4
830.8
837.6
825.8
823.5
818. I
5
823.7
836.4
830. 9
826.4
831-4
844.9
850.8
851.9
848.8
839-3
834. (.
828.5
6
849. 0
865. 8
849.6
848.9
841.4
839. 6
853- 3
873-2
886. 9
877.9
877-7
876.7
7
883.1
879. Q
870.7
871.6
876.7
885.9
889- 3
890.7
883. 4
867. 3
860.5
843-8
8
«43-3
835-9
827.7
829.4
818.2
806.8
810.7
811-3
818. 1
810.9
812.9
810.6
9
805.0
815.4
828.2
833-5
839- 1
835- 5
843-4
840.7
848.5
843-5
8?8.o
837.6
10
829.0
831.7
837.6
839- 5
839-7
830. 0
832. 6
828. 9
823.1
820.9
8.4.3
812.6
II
810.7
812.5
816. 3
806.8
810.6
808.6
798.6
789- I
795- 7
806.5
805.0
810.2
Noon.
808.1
811. 0
800.8
807.4
750. 1
73«-2
765.2
743-'
737-8
767.6
762.9
748- 5
'3
727.0
739-4
730- 5
721. 2
749.8
764. 6
758.4
756.6
777-8
781.6
795- 3
803.6
14
805.2
813-7
819. 6
814.6
819.1
802.4
790.8
790. 5
785.6
784-3
780.6
768.7
'S
775. 0
722.3
68y. 7
604. 1
650.6
670.4
707-3
699-3
723.0
73>->
694.8
666.5
16
643-5
653.0
644.5
669. 1
686.9
711.2
758-1
749.0
746.7
738.8
755-2
75'-9
«7
75««
723-8
745-4
758- 5
781.3
777-0
782. 5
811.2
79 1- 4
795-5
793-6
753- •
18
746. 5
749- 6
758-3
762.6
773-5
733- 9
718.2
71-5-4
70s- I
719.1
730.4
737- 0
'9
725- 1
709.0
651.2
645.2
596.7
592-1
565-2
585-8
575-9
585.7
586.2
609. 0
20
632.6
675- 7
650.3
669.5
653.0
682.2
707-5
737- 2
739-5
73<.7
725.1
732-9
21
733-2
733-3
748.9
761-3
756-1
769.6
781.0
780.2
784-5
7S9. 4
784.8
773-0
22
760.7
756.7
762.9
780.6
795-8
809.4
804. 6
801.6
823.5
825.5
847-7
874.0
23
856.5
820. I
8.3.4
802.9
809.8
811. I
807.2
801. I
778.0
782.4
797-9
822.7
Hour.
QUI
5"'
10'"
IS'"
20>n
25'"
30"'
35"'
40"'
45"'
SO"'
55""
/
/
y
/
/
/
/
f
/
/
/
/
0
824.4
823.6
822.8
82.. 5
823.7
828.1
8.6.6
8.0.0
809.6
805.7
806..
804.5
I
805.4
808.5
804.7
801.7
803.3
806.7
802.4
802.3
803.3
804.3
807.5
807. I
2
801.6
798-3
794-1
794.8
798.6
80.. 8
798.6
79S.6
798.0
796. 9
797- 4
3
794.2
808.3
.805.6
805.6
808.3
796.8
800.9
825..
835. 2
835-9
834.9
815-3
4
813.0
808.9
8.1.3
822.0
840.0
832.6
8.4.2
8.0.3
804.7
810.9
8.7.0
8.3-8
5
806.5
823.3
883.3
862.9
879.9
876.2
875-9
871.2
855-7
844.1
85.-6
868.4
6
861.5
860.1
851.2
867.2
844.1
844.9
832-7
831-7
827.7
792-5
797- 2
803.5
7
816.8
845-3
833-3
821.7
821.4
825.4
822.3
83.. 0
838.7
855-0
854.4
85'- 3
8
825.2
835.8
829.8
?24-9
809.7
808.0
803.6
800.5
794-4
805.2
804. 0
808.3
9
807.3
807.8
808.3
813-5
810.7
8.9.0
823-7
83«.9
817.6
828.5
833-0
836.0
10
822.7
809. I
797-3
803.6
801. I
793- 6
78.-9
782.7
781.7
802.4
797-8
794.6
II
795-5
782.1
789-9
817.8
815.0
818.3
805.9
803.9
792.3
795.0
792.2
806.6
Noon.
807-5
802.0
798.8
793-0
792.7
795. 0
795-8
/S9. 8
780.9
780.3
786.3
791-3
'3
813- 5
805.3
801..'
807.9
809.3
795-4
784.0
784.5
785.8
787-7
783.0
787.4
14
790. 9
788.5
788.7
780.6
787.4
793-0
786.3
777.3
781.8
786.9
793-3
786.3
«5
777-1
775-8
773-'
774.3
768.3
769-3
763. 0
764.9
760.7
758-3
757-4
764.7
.6
765.8
761.4
755-6
770.0
777.6
772.0
767- 2
776. 9
779-'
770.0
777-9
776.8
17
785.0
782.0
785-0
7S6.5
786.6
782.2
779-4
770.4
768.6
767-4
775- 0
779-5
18
786.2
790.0
779-9
781.7
7«5.i
773-5
766.9
761.4
769. 9
777-1
778. 0
776.8
«9
773.9
771.0
773-5
775-6
788.1
786.2
787-7
787.8
788.8
781.4
782. 9
775-9
20
773.9
759-'
75«-9
757- 0
773.2
770-3
783-2
778.4
788.8
787. 3
772.0
772.4
21
783. 6
792-7
797-5
808.0
811.0
815.1
809.6
806.4
803.7
799- 6
803.7
805.5
22
812.2
808. I
800.9
805-7
805.2
807.6
808.4
814.8
808.7
796.9
802. 6
805.3
23
809. 1
815.0
817.8
815.5
813.0
81.. 7
8.2.2
811. I
813-8
813.9
813-7
817.2
570
TIIH LADY FltANKLIN BAY EXIMCDITION.
: I
h'
m I! 'it!* ;
•11
11 !
Tenn-itay obscnatiotn .// Fort Con j:;i'r from jfn/y i, i88j, to Air^ust i, 1883, inclusive — ("orfliniied.
^ 81° 44' 00" X —64" 43' so"
Magnetic dtcliiiatlon - 246° K. -)- talmlnr (iiianlity. t intlin(;cn time.
APRIL I, 1 88 J.
1 lour.
O'n
S'"
lo"'
,jm
JO'"
25111
30'"
35'"
40'"
45'"
50"'
55'"
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
837.0
821.8
805. 6
797. 9
79''>. 3
797.9
798. 2
799. <
802.3
' 804.3
811. 7
8n. 2
I
816. 8
819. 1
819.5
815. 2
807. 3
804.0
801. I
797. »
796. 4
799. I
803. t)
821. 1
2
818.8
810.8
8i().o
814.9
818. 5
821.6
S22. 2
844.6
842.8
842. I
8(12. 9
804. 7
3
871.2
8(.4. 7
870. 8
877.7
875- 3
867. I
866. 7
860. 1
843-7
822. 9
8o(). 6
7'I9. I
4
V,i2. 9
8 ;o. 0
830.7
Sjo. 0
820.2
8|I>. 1
812.4
817.1
837- 8
842. 3
857.2
858. 1
5
854.1
845.2
816.4
819- 3
83«-3
828. <;
838. 9
835- 5
835.2
811.3
803.6
804. 3
()
808.1
8m. b
818.3
816.3
801.9
800.8
798-6
798- 6
800. 3
826. 0
831.4
S36. 0
7
«33. 3
838. 7
825. 8
831.4
844. 2
845-6
845.1
S40. 6
843- 2
844. 5
852.2
855- 5
S
859, (.
853.9
847.4
817.2
818.7
828.8
818.9
831.9
849. 9
867. 0
867. 5
8(>o. 4
9
85(1. 8
8()l.2
844.1
851.8
846. 1
832.9
829.7
823. 2
818.7
822.0
819. 3
819.0
10
819. 8
816. 5
811.8
817 7
815. I
808. 0
791.9
791.4
793- 5
803.0
805.0
S08. 7
II
::ji.o
812.9
766. 8
762. 6
760. 4
773- 7
773-6
798. 2
796. 9
7')4- 2
795-4
S04. 5
N'oon.
Soy. I
800. 4
799. 6
786. 3
784.0
779- 5
776. 3
772-5
773.0
77'- 3
772. 3
770. 9
"3
778.6
780. 6
781.3
786. 3
788.3
789. I
/9(). 9
808. 5
807. 9
807. 8
805.8
.805. 1
14
811.4
803. 3
805.3
«oS- 3
810.7
811. 0
813.7
816. 6
S16. 2
812.9
812.4
808.5
15
805.2
791.2
780. 7
767. 3
764. I
765.5
708. 9
765- 5
751.5
7S'-3
75-''.9
753- 2
16
700.9
763. 0
770.2
774-8
707. 0
782. 3
786. 0
79'>- 5
787.8
781.7
776. 1
777-7
17
777- «
784. 6
794. 0
791.9
77''. 3
763. 0
750.2
746.2
744. 6
746,7
75'. 7
742-4
IX
745.5
745- 0
740. I
748.4
750.6
752- 5
737. I
746.6
758. 4
759- I
757-6
772.3
19
759. 9
764. 5
759. 7
7()9. 6
772.3
780. 6
781.3
7S7. 0
785.0
78<). 0
786. 7
788. 8
20
78S.8
783.4
781.8
784-5
777.0
779-9
777.5
779. «
775.5
762.2
762. 2
758.3
21
768.5
773.4
775-9
776. 2
781.3
782. 8
791.(1
803. s
807. 9
807. S
807. 6
810.2
22
817.2
820.5
824. 1
820.4
820.8
821.2
819. 3
820.4
823.7
S17.5
815.2
812.6
23
807. 5
806.0
80S. 5
806.2
806.0
810. 8
798.9
786.0
781.7
779-4
777-8
781.8
APRIL 15, 1883.
Hour.
0"'
0
879.4
1
893- 0
2
902.4
3
907.7
4
920.3
5
927.0
6
926. 6
7
918.4
8
927.4
9
956. 0
10
*97o. 4
"
942.8
Noon.
933- 7
'3
928.2
14
930.2
'5
904. I
16
82S.9
•7
912.4
18
959- 2
19
927. 0
20
972.0
21
t959. 8 ;
22
90s. 7 1
23
939. 7 !
lO""
S77. 7
894. 6
904. 7
907.4
921.4
926.9
923. 9
929. 4
937.3
954.2
973 "
954- o
929. 8
928.6
927.8
891.4
832. 2
917.8
953- 6
910. o
975- 5
907. 5
9''5- 3
95'-5
880.4
S97. 9
90(1. 6
903. 9
928. o
925.7
923. I
928. I
942. 3
944- 6
971.8
939-8
934- o
930. 9
931.0
877.6
834. o
926. o
949- o
924. o
<)S3. 9
959- 6
97S. 7
947-9
/
20">
/
25m
30m
/
880. 1
8S1.8
880. 8
88). 1
896. 5
893. 1
907.8
893- 4
903. 8
909. 0
911.9
9'2-5
9«3-5
917.9
91O. I
920.3
924. 9
923- 4
924-5
924. 3
924. 6
921.9
924-7
924- 7
927. 2
927. 6
926. 2
925-0
930- 5
932. 0
931.6
923. 4
942.3
942. 6
935-2
930.2
939- 4
930. 5
929.7
93'- 7
9()6. 5
979. 5
97'- 3
956. 7
932. 3
930. 1
927.0
921.4
934. «
933- 4
929. I
931.8
933- 7
938. 5
940.0
930- I
924- 8
917.0
915-2
913.8
873-4
864. 8
874-7
884. 9
847.8
848.9
850.4
797-4
926.2
937.2
965. 7
968. 4
936. 5
925.7
9JO. 2
935-8-
1 943- 8
948. 9
952-9
968.4
.,:s8. 5
9O3. 2
949- '
949- 7
9(10. 1
9"7. 3
967. 4
960. 9
9S5. 7
9''4. 8
960. 4
957-8
943- 2
944- 7
951.1
958.5
1
35"
8S4. 1
895- 3
910. 8
925.2
925.2
922. 8
924
924
928
916
961
913- 3
929. 4
923-5
914.2
883- 3
80S. 7
953- 2
939- 5
96S. 5
975- 2
959- 3
960. o
960. I
40"'
8S3. 1
S97. 6
914. 9
928. o
928. 6
920. 4
922. 6
919.5
930.1
930.3
974.4
916. I
933- o
915.9
9 '4- 3
882. o
828. 8
945- 8
943- 6
95'- 4
967. 8
964- 3
948. I
965- 3
45'"
Son>
/
55"*
/
884. 8
8S9- 3
892. 7
C)0O. 2
903- 4
902. 6
9'7-7
915. «.
909. s
929. 4
921.9
921.9
932. 3
929-7
929.7
923. 0
925-8
923.8
927- 3
929- 3
927. 2
922. 2
923- 6
9-7. 2
934.0
946. 6
947.8
944- 9
961.4
965. 0
956.8
957- 5
957-5
922.4
920.3
927-3
928.7
926. 2
9.30. 9
917.0
923- 4
931.6
9'7-7
9'5-3
9'S.7
871. I
864. 3
848. s
867. 4
872.6
896. 4
952.2
956- 0
950.6
919.2
920. 9
927. 5
972. 2
971.9
971.8
959-4
965.1
971.0
975- I
972. 3
943-2
940.1
941.6
972- 1
972.4
90s. 7
•At q liours, 51; minutes.
t At 90 liours, 59 minutes.
my..:
THE LADY FRANKMS HAY KXl'liDITlON.
571
Ternt'itay observations at Fott Conger from yuly i, \^^i, to Auj^usl i, 1S83, ///f/wwW— Continued.
^ = 81" 44' 00" ;i=-64''4j'5o"
Magnetic declinntion - 246° E. \ tabular i|uantity. Giitlin^cn lime.
MAY I, lS8j.
Hour.
Qln
S'"
lo"'
IS™
20'»
25m
30™
3S'"
40'»
45'"
50'"
55'"
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
849.5
842.6
843.5
850. 1
862.1
868.0
866. 6
864.9
857.3
848.0
839. 4
844.7
1
847. r,
844.7
845.4
842.4
843.7
848.4
852.3
847.3
851. I
858.4
867.5
864. 9
2
868. 0
865. 3
865. 9
852.6
853. 6
847. 8
861.5
867. 7
869. 2
865. 0
862. 5
875.0
.?
865. 7
«S9. 4
859. 8
865. 4
850. 1
844. 0
850.8
843. 0
841.9
844.2
852.9
861.0
•1
867.0
86 V 2
850.8
850.6
8i7.7
857. 3
864.5
872 1
874.5
8<;o.3
890.7
893. 0
s
887.1
«77.5
875. 4
874.2
885.7
000.4
913.6
919.0
895.9
899.1
9>.VS
942. 9
6
965.9
973.2
972.5
965. 7
962. I
949. I
942.3
925. 3
918.7
924.8
931.6
929.9
7
92J. 6
923. 8
915.9
896. 3
877.2
872. s
879. s
868.4
858.8
867.2
870. I
878.3
8
872.7
882.6
8S5.8
885.3
895. 7
903.3
936.0
943.9
946. 8
930. 3
917.7
891.5
9
88.V 7
886. 8
897. 4
909.4
910. 1
916.7
917.7
909.8
915.8
927. 8
921.3
921. 6
10
901;. 6
8<)8. 8
<|o5. 3
910. I
90.). 6
903. 0
882. 4
875.9
874.2
855.3
852.3
850.1
II
8^- 2
864.5
873.8
877.2
885. 4
886. 9
893. 9
874.2
88(). 6
888. 1
S<,6. I
881.3
Noon.
872.5
875. 5
876. 3
874.4
866. 9
872. 5
885.8
887.6
874.8
870. 5
866. I
876.0
'3
869.6
856. I
8.(8.9
840.9
849. 2
S54. I
86 5. 2
884.7
894. 3
898. 1
889. 2
874.5
'4
863.4
858.8
862. 3
870.1
870.7
878.7
8S1.3
8S1.4
878.3
866. 9
865. I
862. I
IS
852.4
846.6
842.3
843. 4
8 J3. 7
847.1
848.0
848.8
849.3
840. 2
826.3
810. 0
16
810.0
818.3
824.9
831. 5
839. 7
852.3
856. 7
859. 2
851.1
855.1
855.'
847.2
17
847.2
840.5
841. 5
840. I
833.2
827.3
820. 0
812.0
799.4
792.6
780. 0
766. 0
18
759- 7
766. 3
763. 6
767.5
763.4
768.6
768. 7
775.2
770.3
772.6
781. I
788.8
'9
781.6
787.0
7S3.9
781.2
777.3
776.4
775.7
773. 1
776. 9
769. I
768. 7
7"6. 4
20
770.2
766. 3
745- 6
752.2
748.9
740.2
742.0
755 8
750.0
779. 2
775.0
7"8. 5
21
755.5
740.4
743. 8
747.9
753- 3
764. 0
783. 7
7S1.8
774.1
773. 6
768. 5
767. 3
22
761. I
756. I
746. 6
751.8
756. I
758.2
708. 9
777.5
776.7
782. I
790. 8
818.3
2J
811. 8
801.3
804.0
798. 5
798. 6
806.6
808.2
827.8
827.1
838.3
832.3
819.7
MAY 15, 1883.
Hour.
om
S™
lom
15m
20m
25m
/
30'"
35'"
40"'
45"'
50'"
f
55m
/
/
/
1
f
,
/
0
817.7
816.6
8:3.7
818.9
820. 1
821.5
822.0
822.8
825.8
822.0
818.3
812.8
I
816.6
811. 8
811.4
810.7
813.7
816. 8
820.0
824.3
824.2
821.9
813.4
8i6.6
2
814.9
805.3
806.2
802.0
797.0
792.3
794-3
793. 7
801.3
804.0
808.2
812.9
3
805.2
801. «
805.0
801.8
806.6
815.0
820.3
815.7
810. 1
806.8
808. 9
805.9
4
802. 2
811. 0
814.9
821.5
817.2
822.7
816.8
820.3
820.3
828.6
840.3
842.2
S
833. 3
823.2
831.3
830. 5
829.2
834.8
839. 4
842.0
8.35. 3
835- 3
829.8
834.9
6
835.2
825.7
813.0
817.2
840.3
850.4
852. 1
847.4
843.3
840.5
833- 6
818.9
7
820. 1
820.0
822.0
832.0
826.6
827.4
Si8.6
812.5
819.3
821.6
829. 0
829. 0
8
834.5
827. I
832.7
837.6
839.2
842.0
844.9
845.'
842.6
834- I
825.5
814.8
9
824.4
824.4
826. 2
835.3
843.9
849.1
851.8
857.6
857.7
852.9
872.0
870.5
10
866.9
856.4
855.1
848.8
841.6
838.4
835.3
849.4
853.8
857.9
954-4
866. I
II
8': 5. 9
858.4
858.3
852.8
836.1
838.3
845.4
853. 5
853."
857.0
859- 3
855.1
Noon.
8;r4
849.5
850.1
859.7
845.4
852.2
836. 8
,837.6
838.4
842.0
832.3
826.4
«3
818.9
815.3
809.7
809.9
815.9
813.7
808. 6
806. 8
815.8
815.3
815.0
815.4
«4
810.8
802.7
800.4
798.3
797.8
791.7
795.6
805.0
804. I
798.3
794- 9
791.8
•5
794.4
803.7
793- 3
803.0
801.8
807.7
809.3
806.9
810.8
808.4
808.6
803.1
16
786.3
774. 5
767.0
765.9
764.5
760. 4
759-'
747-3
744.5
743-9
747-1
75'. 5
'7
752.2
753.3
750. I
742.6
741.2
739. 5
735.7
727.5
726. 2
727-7
731.2
737-6
18
746.8
735.0
739.2
740.6
726. 2
7'6.3
712.6
698. 8
696. 9
703- 5
702. 1
687.9
19
710.0
718.2
721.4
729.5
729.1
733.3
734.7
727.7
740.7
738.4
739- 9
736.3
20
732.4
727.0
721.6
728.4
7.?7. 7
722.5
701.8
705.0
743-3
776.2
788. 1
807.5
21
811. K
820.4
823.5
825.9
824.4
82S. 7
826.7
8.28. 0
820. 8
815.4
818. I
822.6
22
828.9
831.7
823.5
822.4
831.9
834.8
834. 9
832.1
S3S.9
832.3
835.0
828. 6
23
825.5
819.6
816.9
814.0
8.2.3
812.5
817.8
818.9
821.5
827.7
826.8
826.4
572
TIIK LADY FRANKLIN MAY KXPHDITION.
I f '
!?
'IVrm-ihiy oOsfnuiHons iit h'ort Coiif^er from 'jfu/y i, iSSj, to .lu\'iti/ i, i8Hj, ///<7//.t/7v — Continued.
<;> 8l''44'cx)" / -()4''4j'5o"
Magnetic tleclinatinn 346° K. \ talmlar i|uan(ily. (ii'ittiiiKiii time.
JUNE I, l«8j.
Hour.
„iii
5'"
10'"
IS'"
20"'
25'"
3""'
35'"
40'"
45'"
50'"
55""
/
/
/
/
t
,
/
/
f
/
f
/
0
783.3
783- 0
781.7
786.4
817-9
820.5
790.9
783.7
788,1
793. s
800.0
798. 0
1
7(;8. 0
747- 3
785.8
773- 5
765.4
763. 5
759. 1
756.6
760. 3
773.9
782.7
783. 7
3
783.4
779-3
770.3
777- 5
784-1
782.7
780. .,
768. 0
763. 6
764. 7
766. 9
775. <
3
775- 1
7&1.6
783.0
78". 5
78(1. I
778.5
772. <>
7(..>. 0
7()9. (.
7' '7. 3
768. 0
779- 5
4
811. 1
814.4
828.7
838.4
845- 1
844 u
837. 3
8.57-4
838. 4
836. 9
822. 6
814.8
5
807.1
793- 3
793- 3
802. 6
8i)<), 4
810. I
808. s
800. 1
806. 6
795. 9
798. 4
807.3
6
8o<).9
806.3
818.3
82 {.0
829. 8
850.4
849- 3
847- 3
836. 9
8,to. ,»
7.S6. 1
775-4
7
775- 3
774.0
764 5
762.5
758.7
757. 6
750.8
748.4
750.5
755-8
743- 9
739. 9
8
746.4
7-t7- 1
748.4
745-4
740.5
749. 8
754. 4
773.1
767. 2
7"8. 5
7<'5-4
771.6
0
753. 1
783.9
795-5
768. 1
759.3
753.1
747. 3
76,?. 0
778.2
780.0
805.0
8i)8. 5
10
«3.1.4
834.7
818. 1
800.9
794. 4
787.5
775.9
779.4
801.5
82S. 2
848.6
869. 1
II
861.9
870.9
864.9
875- 3
858. J
855.8
845.9
841.4
840.3
828.8
820.5
822. 3
Nddii.
831.0
831-5
841.9
847- 3
848.2
830.9
828.3
829. 6
818.3
814.7
817.3
816.8
«.?
8.;i.3
816. 5
810.8
810. 1
806, J
80J.8
79'- 5
800. }
793. 6
774- 3
759- 8
7'>3- •
•4
777-1
7'>7- 5
764- 3
735- 7
734. 4
742.3
750. 5
758. 9
750.9
757- 3
757-9
74'> 3
•5
750-3
745-5
750. 3
757-"
75<>- 7
759 3
707. 8
7<'7- 1
7(11.6
7fK). 4
753-7
750- 5
16
743-4
744-3
745 "
750. 6
754- 5
750. 6
7,8. 0
748. ^
746. 1
745.0
747-4
743.2
«7
733- 5
735 3
749. 6
746. ,J
72I). 0
746. 1
740.7
73'. 9
728.4
737-3
731-7
716. 1
IS
720.4
721.4
733.0
708. I
(>9.S. 0
702. ,1
703- 3
707. 5
711.4
716.8
727.8
737- 6
19
715-3
703- '
693- 6
670. 2
671.7
673-8
660. 9
607. s
081.4
66.S, >^
658. 8
643- 7
20
645. 6
641-7
642. 0
6j8.o
6 V). 2
646.3
646. 6
646. 8
647.3
650. I
673. 7
654.8
31
65" 5
647- 3
637. 0
637- 0
637.7
6.JS-6
647-9
670. 2
667. 0
678. 1
690. 4
669. 2
33
667. 5
667. 4
673.6
670.9
676. S
665.7
686. 7
681.2
670. 6
679- 9
693. I
695- 3
33
697. 1
099. 8
7«S.9
715-3
717.8
709-5
710. I
704. 3
716.7
713-8
715. 1
726.0
JUNE IS. 1883.
Hour.
O"'
5"'
10"'
Ijin
30'"
35
30'"
35'"
/
/
f
/
/
/
/
0
793- 0
797-7
803.9
793.0
790.6
793.4
787.4
782.8
1
809.8
814.5
816.6
815.4
818.8
815.4
816.3
809.9
2
813.4
820.8
818.3
827. 6
831.4
835.7
830.3
853.4
3
849.4
826.4
844.0
855-7
854.5
871.3
840.1
833.0
4
814.6
814.4
806.9
811. 9
824.0
829.3
835- 9
845.3
5
840.8
834. 6
826.2
824.8
821.8
830.4
829.2
823.5
6
827-5
827.9
824.0
826.8
829.3
832.0
8JI.8
826.5
7
826.5
821.4
816.9
801.8
804. 5
799. «
805.8
812.8
8
813.8
809. 1
802.5
791.2
795-9
797.7
793-7
789. 6
9
836.9
812.2
810.0
809. s
795-5
773.3
766.6
760.2
10
740.4
74S.5
737- 3
75«-7
75'- 4
775.3
765.9
771-3
II
778.2
778.2
776.0
776.6
762.2
75'-3
724.4
703.9
Noon.
745-4
745.8
760.4
768.1
757-3
750.7
735. 8
743-6
'3
750.3
755.4
753-6
753-6
757.5
758.7
764.0
762.5
'4
767-7
779.7
780.4
782.6
779-9
786.6
789.3
791-7
«5
787. 9
784.1
785.1
780.8
776.9
768.0
769.8
758.9
16
773. 9
771-4
774-0
777-5
765.9
763.9
769.7
774-5
'7
774-5
769. 8
760.4
765-7
772.1
774-4
775. 5
764.4
18
765-9
767.0
770.0
772.6
773.3
770.1
752.0
743.8
'9
760.3
773-7
798.3
791.9
773.5
758.0
745.1
738. 5
20
696. 2
702.8
720.9
764.6
764.3
759.2
760.7
751. 1
21
762.9
775- 6
793- 7
811. 5
814.3
816.6
823.4
827.5
22
802. 3
799. I
803.3
810.9
805.8
808.6
805.7
803.6
33
800.6
808.2
800.2
813.6
802.0
788.2
794.8
800.2
40'"
45'"
50'"
55'"
/
/
/
/
789. 1
786.7
796.4
805.9
815.3
817-3
816.8
820.3
860.3
860. 1
859.3
862.0
822.4
814.4
819.7
81S-5
817.0
860.9
860.0
874.8
826.8
83'- 3
830.7
824. 1
826. 4
827.5
828.3
827.2
794. 1
800.3
802.9
801.3
802. 1
811. 4
823-7
837- 5
753-8
739.0
738.1
745- «
773-9
77«.5
760.5
730.6
734.5
736.3
733- »
746.1
743.5
734-6
746. 1
763- 7
771.5
771-4
761.4
786.7
783.7
783-4
784.8
761.4
767.3
770.1
773-5
770.7
776.7
781.2
783.0
756.6
756.3
754-9
759.3
733.8
745-3
753-8
754-9
719. 1
709.1
709.8
704.0
74" -3
745-6
748. 5
754-9
818.2
815-9
801. 2
808.6
797-3
791.9
797-5
799-8
785-5
766.6
758.8
741.2
TIIK LADY I'ltANKLIX »AV FA'PKDITION.
Trrm-(/iiy ohun'atiims at Fort Con^trfrom yuly i, i88i, lo Aut^iist i, 1883, w/wj/'r*-— Contiiiuctl.
« 81" 44' 00" A -64'' 43' 50"
Magnetic (leclinnlion 246' K, )- tabular (juantity, (M'ittingen lime.
jn.Y I. 18.SJ.
Hour.
0"'
5m
10"'
IS"'
JO'"
/
/
30"
/
35'"
40".
45'"
50m
55"
/
/
.
/
/
0
701.2
802.8
812.9
826.1
819. 1
826. 1
818.8
789.9
745. 4
736.0
733. •
73«.5
724. <)
71.1.9
698. 8
727.6
742. 6
757. <-
761. 3
77". 8
795. 3
837. 0
813.8
841.6
S40. 0
842. 2
S()6.o
966. 4
H75.a
877. 3
901.4
858. 3
888.5
883.8
874.8
894. 0
H(.l.9
872 9
.>o<). 7
.^05. 8
910. 0
914.0
8.>o.4
871.0
854. 5
850.9
904.0
924.8
')S'^- 7
898.5
875.4
«35' 3
855. 3
895. a
(/». 3
907.3
917.8
903.8
886.0
897. 3
911.. J
938. .1
915.8
917.0
921.0
93'. I
926. 5
957. 3
96<j. 3
l)(K>. 5
980. 6
969. 4
6
'J«3. 7
930. 3
905. 3
867.9
961.0
9.16. 3
967. 8
961.7
950.0
958.5
947. 9
857-7
7
806.6
793. 9
773. 9
759.8
719.6
662.5
757.1
891. I
936. 8
95''- '
957. 8
933- 8
8
931- 2
927. 2
912.1
891 -4
866.4
862. 8
8.0.4
855.7
855.9
866. S
876.4
8(.6. 8
9
«52-5
»S7- 3
848.7
859. 9
868.7
878.8
879. 3
874.7
884.0
903.3
9' 7. 4
893- 9
10
8S6. 1,
8.S<). 1
879.5
876.9
874.4
880.5
896. 3
889. 1
896. I
889. 0
899.1
9o<j. 1
II
887.5
X"3. 5
871.6
856. 7
849. 1
8.»9. 3
835. 9
828.5
841.5
846. 7
856.7
86). 2
Noon.
846. 5
842. 9
824.0
829.9
826. 9
8.?3.6
858.7
830. 2
844. 3
845- 7
857.0
859- 8
•3
855...
862. 8
860.6
866. 9
865.3
857. 4
839. 9
869. 2
839. 6
855-1
832. 5
834- 5
"4
817.0
811. 5
780.0
779- 0
774.1
791.6
815.8
799. 8
813-5
796. 0
792. 1
779.8
>S
776.8
793 0
773- 0
829. 6
799.8
7.14. '
7S'.3
747. 9
676. 0
690. 6
6.(4. 4
61H. 0
16
632. 7
(152.0
632. 1
638. 3
646.4
658.1
675.6
690. ()
694. 8
690. 8
697. 8
700. 4
17
7>43
720. :
718.2
692. 2
692. 4
688. 1
669. 4
678. 6
663. (>
666. 3
670. 1
670. 4
18
663. 6
68 v"
673' 3
660.6
671.6
655.6
642.4
645. 3
640. 6
644. 7
659. 2
f'34- 9
«9
645.4
632. 1
645. 1
636. 9
629. 0
6o<;. 2
627. 2
624. 5
619.6
634. 0
635 2
656. 4
20
659. 2
675. 1
688. 3
655.5
630. 6
630.8
662.8
677. 5
670. 0
661.5
662. 4
669. 2
21
682. 9
(>89. 9
689.6
684.8
693.2
713.4
7'7.4
7 16. 5
718.9
7 "9. 7
717.4
716. 2
32
700.7
693. 8
695.9
727.5
745.8
742.4
740.6
741.5
748.2
740. 6
738.7
751.0
33
745.6
739-5
75«5
795.7
804.0
784.1
800.5
804.3
774.3
763. 9
791.0
786.8
JULY is; 1883.
Hour.
0"'
5'"
10'"
20"
/
ajm
/
30"'
/
35"'
/
40"*
45"*
Som
/
55"'
t
0
799.2
805.7
810.6
814.6
819.4
814. 5
814.9
810.5
806.2
811.5
810.2
818.0
I
818.4
822.3
825.9
823. 1
794.3
816.0
823.9
838.5
841.5
830. 1
823.5
820. 6
2
812.4
811.2
816.3
819.4
819.9
822.8
821. 1
823.9
828.9
829. 0
821.7
823.1
3
827.2
827.8
833. 3
830. 1
830.5
833.0
830. 6
828.6
83'- 7
830. 1
828. 9
828.8
4
828. 2
829.2
835.2
837.5
835.9
838.8
841.0
834. 9
835- 6
8)2.6
827.0
817.0
5
825.9
820.8
817.0
822.3
823.7
823.5
83'. 7
829- 4
827.7
827.9
825.0
836.5
6
818.3
822.3
817.2
817.0
813.2
819.0
836. 8
826. 9
8.33-0
826 5
834.9
840. 4
7
845.3
832.6
829.2
833.0
841.6
854.3
8^9. 1
876. 4
,875.8
871.6
842.5
862.2
8
83'.3
837. 0
834. 7
828.8
842.2
839. '
833-7
• 839. 6
803. 1
792- i
800. 4
788.2
9
788.0
774.5
785.5
773."
788.6
785.8
787.1
772. 6
782.8
787. I
790.7
786. 3
10
775.8
788. 6
781.6
779. 9
780.0
784.3
782.7
795.7
789.6
79'- 3
781.6
780. I
11
791.6
782.5
779.7
783.9
781.0
781-7
780.7
784.4
7,80. 4
767- 5
786. 1
775 '
Noon.
774.9
768.8
775.8
778.8
775.8
774-2
777-6
781.0
784.4
784-4
782. I
779. 2
«3
783.2
764. 4
790.9
789. 9
776.6
778-9
781.0
777-9
773-2
776. 5
781.7
779- 3
«4
784.3
783.4
801. 1
796.4
79'. 3
796. 9
805.5
795-7
804. 6
794- 0
783.5
777-4
IS
762. 2
759."
760.6
766. I
772.4
773-8
773- 5
757-0
799- 5
809. 9
807.1
794-7
16
785.8
798. 9
789.5
781.8
782. I
776. 2
756. 0
722.8
711. 2
741.2
736.8
725-8
17
705.8
673. 5
656. 1
643.8
639. 5
638.3
658. 5
637-9
623. 1
623.6
563.4
525-2
•18
498.0
53«.3
foi.8
564.9
575-9
610.0
()oi.s
563.2
576.5
593.7
660. I
626. 5
«9
742.3
771.6
775-8
689.8
701.6
646. 7
609. 9
603.4
624. 6
652.3
650.9
688. 9
20
726.0
766.7
815.7
917.3
925. 8
915.2
879- 7
775.9
763. 5
740.3
721. 2
692. 1
21
701.0
709. I
724.7
73'. 6
834.4
904. 3
913.6
<)27. I
989.9
973- 4
972.4
956. 8
22
944.9
903.0
864.1
771.2
733.8
717.7
724.8
726.3
7'S.3
708.9
690. 1
702.3
23
692.5
680.5
672.3
695.6
714.4
730.9
790.4
846.7
847.4
843.8
868.3
859-2
673
* Observations from 18' to iil' 55", inclusive, taken i"' 43' early.
m ii
574 TFIE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Term-day obsenhitiniis at Fort Caui^cr from yuly i, i88.', to August i, 1883, inclusive — ContinueJ.
Vi-^Si°44''oo" A^--. --640 43'5o"
Miignetic (leclinalion 246° E. -\- tabular (|iiantily. Ciultingeii time.
AL'GUST I, iSSj.
Hour.
Qin
5™
10"'
I J 111
20'"
25m
30'"
35'"
40"'
45'"
5o">
55'"
f
/
/
/
/
f
/
/
/
/
/
/
0
741- S
720. 1
706. 8
711. 2
696. 2
699-3
698.0
73« 7
751-3
761.9
789-5
773-5
I
782. 5
773-5
765- 3
73>-3
746.3
738.0
758-7
746. 2
763- 7
774 5
775- «
762.7
2
770.7
774-2
776. 0
779.8
800.2
792.3
786. 7
801.5
830.0
829.9
827.7
826.5
3
833- 8
«56. 3
865. 4
876. I
887.0
872.3
860. 2
863. 2
873.8
870.6
871.2
873.7
4
887.6
887-5
901. 8
923- 5
Q20. 0
907.6
911. 5
9'5-4
904- 3
906.4
886.5
893-2
5
900.5
897. 8
868. 4
866. 3
874.0
866.3
866. 7
862.4
8&2. 0
869. I
860.7
852.3
6
845.0
837-2
827.6
81-9.8
S17.8
814.5
8J3-2
816.5
803.3
780.4
776.4
780.9
7
S03.5
820.8
849.0
858.9
816.2
787.6
740-1
748.2
753-0
776.0
787.2
779-4
8
762. 7
748.5
760.8
73'- 3
771. I
793-6
7.W- 7
877-3
868.7
901.3
924-9
947.8
0
96S.4
1022. 8
1016. 0
9S9. 8
970.4
960. 9
966. 8
951.0
959-8
957-0
922. 2
908.7
10
9.?t). 0
960. 3
970.5
Q(l(). 2
955-3
946. I
967. 6
956.6
938- 7
955-1
971.2
loiS. 7
II
1057. 8
1032.0
loio. 9
1006. I
loi V 2
1024.4
1006. I
985- 3
97"- 2
954-8
978.7
987-8
Noon.
<)6o. 6
916.7
8.)S. 4
929.5
955-8
934-9
923- 9
921. I
920.9
908.6
872-3
829. 2
«3
S14. 9
801.6
820.3
754-2
775-1
829. 7
895- 0
902.5
871-3
845-2
829.6
836. 5
14
836. 8
S35-3
(*)
(,*)
736. 7
724.2
725-0
712.9
752-4
770.4
776.1
781.3
«S
777-8
783-7
7S6. 9
782.9
725-5
689. I
602. 0
690. 2
721.5
756.1
73«-o
723-9
16
723-1
729.7
750-4
729.8
726. 0
711. 7
693- 7
701. 6
699-7
664.5
666.1
646. 6
>7
669.4
7"7-9
694. 9
776.7
775-8
732-7
695. 6
66<). 6
638.1
645.8
682.6
687.1
18
690.5
685.4
645. 8
6S3- 3
693. S
715.0
7'3-i
721.9
7.W- 6
755-6
752.0
771-8
19
770-3
772.0
770.6
757-9
779- 7
7-84-3
803.0
785-9
782.9
774-0
787. 9
802.8
20
823.2
807.4
Soo. 2
787. 8
Soi.i
7-85- '
750.7
704.5
704.9
678.5
618.0
605.8
21
622.4
617.7
6lq. 0
661.4
6<)o. 3
68 7. 0
709- 5
735-2
727.2
738.6
744.8
735-7
22
728.4
740.7
736.8
746.3
722.2
7.38. 2
722.3
730.0
718.6
73«-4
75«-6
770.3
23
776.7
791.9
797-9
811. 5
842.1
840.6
840.5
851.1
890. 8
912.6
914.7
916.9
* Reading missed.
Ml
,V '!
TDE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Term-hour obscn<ations at Fort Conf^rr from yuly i, 1882, to Aiii;iist i, 1883, inc/iishe,
0 - Sl° 44' oo''' >. = — 64° 43' 50"
Magnetic declination ;= 246° K. i lalmlar i[iiaiUit_v. (lolliiijjcn lime.
575
•Light cxliiiguislicil.
Inly I, 1SS2, i;'- (iiocm).
July
15, 1SS2
■3"-
0«
t I, 1SS2, 14".
.\llgll.S
15, 1S8
Scplciii
Kf I, I.SS2, l(,l'.
c»
20"
■to"
0"
20"
40-
20"
,c
o»
20'
40-
c
20"
40"
m.
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
\
/
0
944.0
944- I
943-7
S00.3
799. 8
799.0
6j4-o
697. 5
607. 3
826. 6
S27.2
8-'7. 3
777.8
111 ' 4
777.'
I
943- 2
942.2
942. 2
797.6
797. 6
797- 4
696. 6
695- 9
6()S. 2
827. J
.S27. 1
827.1
777-2
777- 5
777.5
2
941.8
941-4
941-3
790. 4
795-5
794-8
69(). 2
697. 8
701.4
826. 9
827.2
826. 9
777.5
777-8
778. 0
3
942.6
943- 2
943-0
793- 9
792 •^•
7"2- 5
(*)
0
(*)
826. I
82(.. 4
826. ()
778. 3
778.2
778. 3
4
943- 7
944- I
944- I
79' -4
790. 1
ySS. 2
(*)
(*)
(*)
826. 1
8^5. 7
,825. 2
778.6
778.7
779. 0
S
944.4
9."o- 3
<I44. 2
787-6
785.9
785.4
718.7
721.;
722.0
825.5
825. 7
825.7
779. 2
779. 2
779-5
6
944-4
945-5
945-6
785-0
784- 5
784. 8
724- 9
725-2
726.4
826.0
826. 6
827. 5
779. 6
779. 5
779- 6
7
945-2
945-3
944- 9
785. 0
785-0
784-2
728.0
7.50- 1
730.9
828. 2
829. 2
828. 8
770. 8
779.9
779- 8
8
944-8
944 5
944.6
783-4
782. 6
7S2. 1
735-°
736- 1
738.0
828. 8
829. 3
829. 6
779- 8
779- 5
779-4
9
945.2
945- 5
945-5
7S1.6
781.5
781.2
744-0
745 • 7
747.3
829. 3
828. 4
827. 7
7 So. 3
780. 5
7. So. 1
10
945-3
950- 3
943- 9
780. 2
779. 8
778.8
753- 9
757- 3
704. 5
827. 5
826. 4
824. 4
779- (.
779- 8
780. 1
II
943- f'
<)42. S
943- 5
778- 4
778.1
777-9
764-0
7i'5. 6
766. 6
8^3. 3
822. 1
821.9
7S0. 2
780. 3
780. 5
12
943- 0
942- 5
941.9
777-2
776.1
775-2
770.4
770. ()
772.0
822. 1
822. 1
821.-
780.5
780. 5
7.S0. 2
'3
941.0
940.2
938. 0
775- 0
773-7
773-0
772.5
773-'
773- 6
820. 0
819.4
8-^.1
780. 1
780. I
779.9
>4
936. 7
936. 0
935-8
772-9
772. 8
772.4
776.1
777.1
778. 6
819.3
819.5
8*9.4
7. So. 6
780.2
7S0. 2
>S
9>5-S
935-8
935-9
772.4
772.0
770. 7
778.9
779. 2
780. 7
819.4
820.0
820. 6
780.9
781.0
781.0
.'6
936. 2
936. 6
936- 4
770.2
769. 7
76q. 2
7S2. S
784.7
785. 9
820.6
820. 7
821.0
781.2
781.3
781.2
17
936-3
936.0
930. 0
768. 8
768. 5
767.9
787.5
788. 0
78'(. 5
821. 9
822. 5
824. 5
780. 7
780. 5
780. 7
18
936.0
93f'. 3
936- 9
767-5
767.4
767- 3
789. 7
7S9. 7
789.9
824.8
825.0
825.6
780. 7
781.2
780. 9
>9
936-7
937-1
937- 3
767- 0
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576
f; i
THE LADY FRA.NKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Term-Ztotir ol>servaiio/is at Fort Conger from ytily i, 1882, to Ji/gust i, 1883, /«<•//«/('«•— Continued.
((i=8i<»44'oo" ;>=— 64043' 50"
Magnetic declination — 246° K. + tabular quantity. Gdttingen time.
m.
September 15, 1882, 17".
October I, 1882, 1 81'.
October 15, 1882, 1911.
Xovember i, 1882,20''.
November 15, 1882, 21''.
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20'
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0"
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20"
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819.7
820.2
821.2
809. 0
809. 0
809. 4
803.8
802.5
801.8
781.0
779-2
777-1
1115 7
1114-5
11145
5'
822.2
823. 9
S23.5
809. 8
810. 0
810. 2
800.7
800.3
800. .
775-6
774-1
773-1
.1.7.7
1120.3
1126.9
52
821.8
820.7
820. 1
810.6
810. 7
8...0
799-7
799. 6
799.4
772.7
770.6
769.7
1.28.3
1127.0
1122 0
53
819.6
818.8
8.8. 4
811. 2
8... 2
811.2
799.2
798. 8
798.7
768.9
767. 8
767.6
...8..
...0.8
1101.6
54
818 4
8.S.4
8.8.8
811.2
810.0
8.0.6
798.1
797.9
797.4
767.0
766. 9
766. 6
.098. 2
10112. 6
1085. 7
55
820.5
82.. 6
823.5
Sio. I
S09. 7
809. 3
796. 9
797.0
797.0
76.\ 7
767.2
766.7
.082.5
.oSo. 0
.080. 5
56
823.9
824.4
824.4
808. 9
808.9
808.7
797. 3
797- 2
796. 9
766 7
766. 9
767- 3
1076. 6
.070.0
.066. 8
57
824.0
823. 0
8^1. g
80S. 5
80S. 2
808.2
796. 7
796-3
795.8
767. ■►
767.9
768.6
1071.5
.080. 7
1086. I
58
821. I
820. I
8.9. I
807.9
S07.8
807.5
795.7
795-7
795.4
769. 1
769. 4
770.5
.093.0
.094. 8
1100.3
59
819. I
8.8.9
818. 5
807.5
807. 4
806.8
795-0
794.6
794. 3
77«-3
772.0
772.7
1 103. 9
1103-5
.099. 2
5
!
THE LADY FKANKLIX DAY EXl'KlJITlON.
577
Term-hour obstrvations at Fort Conger from yuly i, 1882, to A i/gust ;, iHt,, inctttiive — Continued.
<j;^8i°44'oo" ;i -, - 64° 43' 50"
Magnetic declination = 246° E. + tabular quantity. (iiUtinyen time.
882,21!'.
40'
/
927.6
939-6
949-5
978.5
958.2
959. 8
97>-4
981.7
970.4
974.8
980. 2
981.7
971-1
946.1
929. 6
929.2
903.6
921.4
931- S
943- S
936.8
934-8
931.0
934- 0
950.2
954-3
947-3
918.3
9'2-5
928.2
943- 3
952.0
962. I
968.4
938.2
943- 0
1002. 0
1061. 5
ic6o. I
1056, 3
1055-4
1048. 2
1055-4
1069. 2
1059. 9
1053.6
1067. 9
1094. I
1098. 5
1115. 0
1 1 14. 5
1126.9
1122 0
1101.6
1085. 7
1080. s
1066. 8
1086. 1
noo. 3
1099. 2
December 1, 1882,22''.
December 15, 1882, •331'.
January 1, 1SS3, o''. Jaiuiary 15, 1883, i''.
Februa
ry 1, 1883, 2h.
1
o»
20«
40-
O"
20"
40"
C 20«
4C»
0'
20-
40'
o«
20"
40'
m.
/ / /
/
I
/
/ / / /
/ / 1 /
/
/
0
781. I
7S0. 0
779.6
731.9
733-2
735-8
985. 3 984. 6
985-1 853.8
853-7
8=;2. 6
802. 4
803.1
802. I
«
778.9
778.0
777-7
736-9
738-5
738.7
986. 4
985- 4
987-8
853.0
852.8
853- 0
801.2
799- 5
798. 8
2
777-2
775-9
777-0
739-4
739- 7
740.7
988. 1
987.7
990. 5
853.1
S53-4
853-7
797-9
797-7
797-4
3
777-0
776. 9
776. n
741.1 741.7
743.4
991.4
990.9
992. 8
S<i4. 6
855. 2
855-4
797-7
797-8
798.1
4
776. 9
777.3
77:
743. 9 744. 8
746.8
992.6 992. 2
992. 1
855.9
856.5
856.7
798-9
798-9
798-6
s
778. 6
779-2
77"- j
750.3 751.7
753.4
994. 2 994. 6
994. 4 856. 9
857-6
858.8
798.8
798.8
798.8
6
778.9
778.8
778-5
753.8 756.6
758.5
994.8 995.6 995.9
859.3
860.1
859.6
798,8
798.6
798-4"
7
778.6
779-2
780. 2
760.9 7<'l.9
761.9
995.6 996,0
996. 2
86 1. 6
862.1
862.8
798. 8
799.1
799.0
8
780.8
780.6
779- 9
762. 8 763. 2
763. 6
997-4
99S- 3
999-3
863. 0
863.2
863.3
799: 1
799.1
799-1
9
779- 5
779-6
780. 2
764.3 764.4
765-8
999- 7
1000.4
1001. 3
863. 4
863.6
863.7
799-3
799- I
799- I
10
780.6
780.6
780-3
767. 5 770, 2
770.3
looi. 3
1000. 7
1LX)I. 7
864.0
864. I
864-3
799- 3
799-3
799.0
II
780.7
780.7
780.2
768.6
770.3
770.2
IO01.8
1001. 1
. X)2. 4
864.^
864. 5
864. 5
798,8
798.1
797-5
12
779.6
779-2
778-9
771.0
772.5
773-0
1002. 5
1002. I
1001. 9
864.5
864. 7
864.7
797-5
797-5
797-4
13
778.6
778.4
777-7
773.6
773-5
772.8
1002. 5
1002.4
1002. 9
864, 8
865. I
865.2
797- 1
797-1
797-3
14
776.8
7/6.8
777-0
770 9
769-7
767-8
1003 5
1002.5
1004. 6
865.4
.866. 0
866. 5
797-5
798-1
798.6
IS
777-6
778.1
778-0
767.0
765.4
764-3
1005.5
1006.9
1008.4
867.0
^.67. 0
867.0
798- 9
799.1
799- I
16
778.0
778-5
779- I
763.5
763-1
761.9
1007. 9
looS. 5
1009. 0
867.1
867.1
006.8
799.0
799.0
799-1
«7
779-2
779-7
7?o. 2
760. 8
759- 6
757-7
loii.. 7
1010. 6
ion. 2
866. 8
866.7
866. 7
799.1
799.0
799.1
18
780. 3
779-9
7/y. /
06.6
756-4
757- 6
1011, I
1011. 0
1011.5
866.7
867.0
867.2
799- 0
798.9
798-4
19
779-7
779.6
779.2
760.0
762.0
763.0
1011. I
1010. 6
1011. 1
867.2
867.5
867.8
797-8
797-7
797-3
20
778.8
778.1
777-6
763.2
763-2
763- 3
1011. 2
loii, 2
1011. 1
867.8
867.8
867.6
796-7
796-4
796.3
21
777.2
776. I
775-'
763.7
764-4
765.4
1010.3
lOlI.O
ion. 2
867.6
867.5
867.6
796.0
796.0
795- 7
22
773-7
773.7
772. 9
765.7
766.6
768.4
lOlI.O
io;o. 3
1009. 9
868. I
868. 5
868. 3
795-4
795-0
794-7
23
772.9 773-0
773- -^1
772. I
773- 0
774.4
1009. 6
loio. 3
lon.o
868.2
868.7
869. 1
793-8
792-7
792-4
24
774-1
774.2
774-5
7V5. 6
776.2
776-2
1011.3
1011. "7 |I012. 7
869.2
869. 4
869.2
792.3
792-2
792.0
25
775-3
776.9
7-'8. I
776. 0
775-3
774-2
1013.4
101.7. 7
1013-3
869.5
870. 3
871.4
791.9
791.9
791.9
26
780.8
780.7
781.2
773.0
771-8
770. 8 j
1012.7
I012. 0
ion. 2
872-3
873.0
873-4
791-6
791.8
791- 5
27
783.1
784.0
784.8
770.2
769. 2
767-8 i
1010.8
ion. 3
1011.5
874-5
875.0
875-6
791- 1
790-9
790.7
28
784.7
784.4
784-4
767.3
765. 8
764.8
1012. 4
1012. 3
ion. 9
876. 0
876.7
877-4
790-3
7^2-5
789.2
29
784.3
783- 3
783-3
763.9
762.4
760.9
ion. 6
1011. 7
'013- 3
878.0
878.2
87S. 4
788.4
788.3
787- S
30
783.7
783-1
784. 0
760.5
761.3
763.3
1011.3
1012. 2
ion. 9
878.6
879-3
879- 8
786.5
786.0
785-4
31
784.0
783.7
7S3.0
765.1
765-7
765.9
101 1. 6
1010, 4
1009.5
880,5
880. 8
881. I
784.1
783-8
783-4
32
782.0
781.5
780.2
765.9
764- 8
763.7
1008.6
1008. 4
1006. 4
881. I
881.1
881, 1
783-3
783.6
784.0
33
778. 8
778.2
777.7
763.2
762.7
761. 0
1007.3
1007.9
1008. s
881.2
881.2
S81.2
784,4
784.0
783-8
34
777. 3
777.0
776.9
761.5
763.0
765.5
1007.9
looS. 5
1008.6
8S1.5
881.8
88?. 0
783.8
783-4
783- I
35
776.6
776. 1
776.2
767. 3
76S. 7
768. 7
1009.7
1009. 7
1009. 2
882.2
882.9
883-5
783.0
783.0
783-1
36
777-7
778.6
779- 6
767-5
766.4 765.1
1009.3
1009.5
1009. 6
883.6
S83. 8
884. 3
783.1
783-3
783-7
37
780.3
780.9
781.8
763-5
763. 7 763. 6
loo-j. 6
1009.7
ion. 2
884.9
885.2
885.5
784-1
784 2
784-4
38
782. 9
783.6
^ 784.0
763-5
763.5
763-2
ion. I
ion. 6
ion. 9
885.9
886.3
886. 4
783-7
783- 3
783-1
39
784-3
784.7
785. 2
761.7
759-6
757-7
1013-3
'013 3
'013- 3
886. 6
886.7
886.7
782.6
782.6
782.7
40
785.0
784.4
7S4. '
757.1
753- 0
752.1
1013.4
1013.4
1013. 5
887. 0
SS7. I
887.8
782. 9
782.9
782.9
41
784-1
784.0
783. 7
751.0
750-7
750.5
'013-5
1014.0
1015. I
888. 2
888. 6
888.9
783,0
783-4
783-4
42
784-3
784. 4 , 784- 6
750.7
750.7 751.8
1015. 6
1017. 2
1018.2
889. 3
889. 5
889.8
783.6
783-8
783-8
43
784-6
784.4 783.0
752. 0
753-0 754-5
1019. 2
1020.8
1021. 2
889.8
88.). 8
890.5
784.0
784.0
784-1
44
781. 2
781.2 , 781.5
755- 4
755-8 752.7
1022. I
1022.3
1021. 7
890. 7
891,3
891.4
784.2
784.7
78s- 3
45
781.9
782.4
1 782. 7
754-5
754-9 756.2
102 1. 3
1021.3
1020. 9
891-7
892.1
893. I
785.7
786.3
786.5
46
783.0
7S0. 8
; 781. 1
756 1
757.3
756. 9
1020. 6
1020. 6
>020.5
892.4
892. 5
892.4
786.9 787.2
787. 2
47
780.6
780.3
778.6
756.0
755.0
754-7
1020. 1
1019. 2
1019. 8
892.8
892 8
892.4
786.9
787-4
787-2
48
777-6
777-5
, 777.2
7J5.0
755- 1
755.7
1019. 7
1017.8
1017.7
892.2
892.2
892.0
786.4
785.8
785.6
49
776.8
775-7
774.2
755-8
755.8
755-4
1017.5
1017.4
1018. 5
891.8
891 7
891.4
784.7
784 J
784-1
5°
773-7
772.5
770. 7
755-5
755. 3
755- 1
10:9. 2
1020. S
1021.0
891.0
89^.0
891.0
783. 1
783-'
783-3
SI
768.0
766.5
764.9
754- 9
754.0
753- 7
1023. 3
1024. 7
1026. 4
892. 2
892,2
892.4
783. f^ 7833 783-3 1
52
763.6
763-2
763. 1
754.0
754.0
754.4
1026. 8
1026. 5
1027. 6
892.2
892.2
8g2. 2
7-!3- 6
7S3.X
7«3-»
53
762.8
761.8
761.0
755-4
756.2
757.2
1027. <)
1028. 7
IOZ9. I
892. 4
892, 5
892. 7
784- 2
784.7
784.8
54
760. 4
759-4
759-6
757-5
757.8 757.8
1029. 5
1029. 5
1029.4
892.7
892. 5 892- 5 785- I
785,4
786. 0
55
760.5
760.4
I 759.3
758.4
758.4 757.8
1028. 8
lOi.,. I
1029. 2
892. 4
892,2 892. 1 786.0 785,8
786.1
56
758.8
757-8
757.2
757-5
756. 9 756. 6
1029. 2
102(). 7
1030. 1
892 0
892.0 891,8 786,3 1 783.7
786.5
^l
756.7
755-6
754. 3
756.5
756. 6 758. I
1029. 9
1029. 5
1029. 0
892.0
891.8 892.0 786.4 ■ 786.8
786.7
58
753.4
752-8
75'.S
758- 7
761.0 763.6
1028. 4
1028. 3
1027. 7
892.0
892. I
892.0 787.1
7S7. 1 7»7-o
59
750.6
749- I
748.3
764.6
766. 4 766. 2
1027.4
1027. 2
1026. 7
891.8 891.7
891.6 788.3 788.7 789.0
' ! i
TT-
Mia. Ri
W. nt. 5
> Q7
i *!
n
wi
\
i ■■; ,;
m ■■
.■ 'i
in
1 :'
i. il
!• 1:
i
1'
. i !
m\
1 ■ II , ^
H« ''" ■
Hittii
L> .
578 THE LAD^ FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Term-hour observations at Fort Conger from j^itly i, 1882, to August i, 1883, inclusive — Continued.
0=81° 44' 00" < -. — 640 43' jo" *
Magnetic declination =: 246° K. f tabular quantity. Gattingen time.
February 15, 1883, 3''.
March i, 1883
■ 4^
March 15, 1883, S^.
Apri'. 1, 1883
1
o»
20»
40"
0-
20"
40"
o*
20.
40-
o"
20"
40"
III.
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
,
/
/
/
/
0
804.4
803.7
802. 3
856.4
857.1
858.2
806.5
807.3
808.2
808. 1
809.7
810.6
I
802.1
801. 2
801. 3
859.1
859-5
860. I
809. 1
810. 0
810.9
810.7
811.0
811.4
2
801.7
801.8
802.3
862.5
863.1
86?.o
812.0
814.2
815.4
811. 7
811.8
813.5
3
803.2
803.7
804.4
863.1
862.9
861.4
815.4
815.7
815.8
812.7
813. I
813.1
4
804. 6
805.2
806.4
860. 2
857-9
858.7
817.8
820. 9
821.7
813.2
812.9
813.5
S
807. I
808.8
808. 7
858.8
858.8
858.2
823. 3
824.4
826.0
813-6
812.9
815.5
6
81 1. 6
812.7
814.2
858.1
858.2
857.6
826.3
830.3
836.1
816. 7
819.4
819.9
7
814.8
815-3
818.6
856.1
855.8
854.8
838.5
839. 9
842.1
820.9
821.7
821.6
8
820.3
821.6
822.8
853-6
853.2
853.0
844..
848.1
849-9
821.3
820.0
819.6
9
823.0
823.1
823.4
851.5
847.2
844. 9
851.4
883. 1
882. Q
818.2
817.2
817.3
10
«23-7
823.8
824.0
843- 3
842.7
842. I
883. 3
882.7
881.8
818.3
818.0
818.2
II
824.5
824.0
823.8
841.0
839.1
837.2
881. ?
87S. 8
878.6
818.2
818.9
819. 1
12
826.5
823.6
824.2
835- 9
834.0
833- 6
877.6
877.0
875-2
818.7
818.6
819.3
>3
826.3
827.6
827.8
832.6
831.9
83>.5
873.6
872.3
870.0
819.3
819.5
819.4
14
826.3
825.3
824. 1
831. I
830.7
830.7
869.1
867.6
865.8
819-3
819.0
817.1
«5
823.7
822.8
822.4
830.2
830.0
830. I
862.9
861.5
860.6
816.3
815.6
812.3
16
822.3
822.9
821.7
829.7
829.6
829.0
860.2
860.9
861.9
811.3
810.0
809.2
'7
821.9
821.0
820.0
828.5
827. I
826. 4
861.8
862.8
862. 6
808. T,
807.2
806.5
18
819.6
818.7
820.7
825.9
825.5
825.7
864.5
866.5
870.3
806. 1
805.8
805.0
19
821.3
822.4
821.0
824-3
823. 7
822.3
874.5
876.5
878.2
805.0
803. 5
803.5
20
821.2
821.6
822.0
823. I
822.6
821.4
879. 9
879.9
880.6
801.9
801.3
800.6
21
821.6
822.0
822.3
821. I
821. 1
820.2
881.3
883.3
883.6
799-9
800.1
799.7
22
822.0
821.6
822.2
819. 9
819. I
818.9
883.6
883.3
882.4
799-9
800. I
800.3
23
820.0
819.3
819.0
819. I
821.2
822.2
880.6
879.2
877-8
800.2
801.0
800.6
24
818.6
818.2
817.9
823-3
823.3
822.9
877.4
876.9
876.9
801.3
801.5
801.4
25
817.6
816.6
818.2
823.1
823.1
822.9
876. 2
874.5
873-8
800.8
801.3
801.4
26
818.2
820.8
821.0
822.9
821.9
821.8
873. 9
874.0
874.2
801.8
801.4
800.6
27
820.0
819.2
818.9
821.8
822.2
823.7
873. 8
872. 7
872.4
800.6
800.4
800.4
28
818.3
819.2
820.3
825.5
826.0
826.2
871.8
873-6
875-9
799-7
799.5
799- 8
29
821.4
821.6
821.7
826.3
825.9
826.0
877.6
877.8
877.0
799-4
798.8
799.5
30
821.9
821.9
822.7
826.4
828.2
828. 6
875.9
875-1
875.1
798.6
798-3
798-3
31
823.0
823.7
823.7
829.7
830.5
829. 6
875.1
875-4
875.2
799.1
798.8
798.8
32
823. I
822.1
821.3
828.5
828.4
829.1
874. 3
• 874-3
874.0
798.8
799.0
798-8
33
820.7
820.0
819. 6
829.6
830.0
830.1
872. 1
871. I
870.8
798.4
798.0
798.3
34
819-3
820.0
822.8
829.7
829.8
830.:
871.0
871.2
871.1
798-3
798.8
798.8
35
822.7
824.2
824.9
830.8
831-5
852. S
871.2
871.7
871.9
798.6
798.8
798.6
36
824.9
824.4
824. 0
S33-5
834-9
835.6
872.3
871.2
871.0
798.0
798.0
798.0
37
823.6
823.6
82?. 6
836. 4
836.2
836. 8
870.0
870.4
870.0
797.7
798.7
799.7
3«
823.2
822.8
822. 7
837.5
838.9
840.3
869.5
868.0
864.2
800.2
801. 1
802.4
39
822. 8
82^0
824.4
840. 4
841.1
840.4
861.9
860.6
856.9
803.4
804.5
804.5
40
825. 2
826. 5
827.6
837.6
836.4
834- 9
855.7
854-7
8i;3.6
806.3
808.5
809.6
4'
827. 6
827.2
826 7
S32. 4
830 1
827.8
853. 3
853-2
ii52. 8
810.7
810.0
811.8
/fi
825.3
824.0
321.3
826.3
824.8
823. 6
852.8
853.'
853.2
813.1
815.8
817.2
43
819.7
817.5
815.4
822.6
823.1
824. 0
853. 0
851.5
850.6
819.3
819.9
821.3
44
814. I
811. 4
810.3
824.6
824.4
824.7
S48. 0
847-5
845.3
822.2
823.7
825.1
45
809. 3
809.9
810.5
825.8
825.1
825.3
844. I
843-1
843.0
826.0
826.8
827.2
46
810.8
810. I
809.5
825.5
825.0
824.0
844. 8
844.1
844.5
828.2
828.9
829.5
47
808. 0
806.6
805.2
823.1
822. 6
821.8
844. S
844.5
844.9
830.5
831.2
832.0
48
S03. 6
802.5
801.7
821.8
821.5
822.0
845.5
846.4
849.2
832.0
832.5
832.9
49
800.9
800.6
800. I
822.0
822.2
823.2
850. 2
849. 8
850.4
832.3
832.2
831.8
SO
799. 8
800. 0
799- 4
823.5
822. 7
822.6
851.6
852.4
853.2
831.4
830.4
830.8
S«
799. 0
798.4
797-3
822.6
822.3
822. 3
854.4
857.0
858.6
330.8
831.6
831.8
52
796.4
795-8
795- 4
822.3
822.3
821.9
8()0. 5
862. 6
866.1
832.3
832-7
832.7
S3
795-4
795-0
794.7
823.5
823.6
823.7
866. 3
866. 7
868. 1
833-3
833-2
833.3
54
794.6
792.7
791-5
823.2
821.2
820. 2
868. 4
868. 4
868.4
833- 9
834.3
835.7
55
791.2
790.9
790.0
818.1
817.2
815.9
868. 4
868. 0
867.6
836.0
837-1
838.2
56
789.7
789.3
788.5
814.1
814. 0
814.9
865.6
865.8
865.6
838.2
837-7
837.4
57
788.2
787.8
787-1
815.2
.'<l6. 7
817.7
865.4
865. 8
865.2
836. 3
835.8
835.3
58
786.7
785.7
785-4
819.5
819. 5
820. 2
865. 2
864.6
865.3
833-9
833-5
833.2
59
785.6
785. 2
784.1
820.7
820.9
822.0
864. 7
863. 5
862.8
832.9
832.5
833.2
Tin: LADV FUANKLIN HAY EXPKblTION.
579
Term-hour olisemations at Fort Conger from yuly i, 1882, to August i, 1883, inclusive — Continued.
<J = 8i°44'oo" A = — 64°4j'5o"
Magnetic declination :_= 246° K. -|- tabular quantity. Gottingen time.
I
)•■.
40"
/
810.6
811. 4
813. I
o
I
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
«3
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3«
32
ii
34
3S
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
SO
SI
52
S3
54
55
56
57
58
59
April IS, 1883, yh.
May I, 1883, 8h.
20"
40"
/ i
/
918.4
918.6
918.8
919.0
919.7
921.0
923.0
923-9
927-3
927.9
929.4
930.0
930.1
930.2
930-5
930.2
929.7
929.4
928. s
928.5
928. 1
927-9
927.7
927-7
928.0
927-9
928.5
929.1
929.8
930.0
930-5
930.5
930.8
930.7
930-4
930.2
930. 1
c p. 2
93>-i
93'- 2
932-0
932-3
932- s
932-7
932.8
932-9
932-9
932-9
932.8
932- 5
931.6
93'. 3
930-9
928.7
927.2
926. I
925-2
924. 3
923.2
923.2
923-4
923.4
923.8
924.2
924.7
924.7
925.0
925.0
1.25. 2
925.0
924.9
924- 5
923.8
923- 4
922.4
921-9
921.0
920. 6
919.8
919- S
9«9-5
919.4
919.4
919.4
919- 5
920.3
921-5
921.8
921.9
921.8
92;!. 2
923-1
923.6
924.1
924-7
925.0
925-4
924.6
924.6
924-3
923.6
923.0
922. 5
921.9
922.4
923.0
923-9
924.9
926. 5
926.8
927.2
926.9
926. 1
925.0
924-3
924. 3
924.3
924.6
926.2
926,8
918.7
919. 1
921.7
926. 1
928. 9
930.0
930- S
930.1
929.0
928.3
927. 9
927.7
928.0
929.6
930.4
930.7
930.
930.
930.
93«-
932-
932-
932-
932-
932.
930.
927.
925.7
923
923
923
924
925
92s
925
924
923
921
920
919
919
919
920.
922
922
923.2
924.3
925.3
925. 2 1
9-'!4. 3
922.8
922. I
923. S
925.8
927.0
926.8
924.5
924-3
925-2
927.2
872.7
874-4
877-5
880.4
882.5
882.6
882.4
882.6
882.6
883.0
885.8
888.6
889.7
887.2
886. 5
885.3
888.1
890.8
895
896
895
897
899
900
900
903
906
912
923
93'
936. o
936.8
937-3
937-8
939- o
943-9
945-7
944-9
947-2
950.4
946.8
947.0
943
937
932
930
927
925
922.4
921. 3
917-7
9'3-4
906. 3
899.4
892. 9
891.5
886. 8
887.9
886.4
884.2
20'
872.4
874- 9
878.8
882.5
881.8
883.0
882.";
882.4
882.6
884.1
886.5
800.6
888.2
886.2
886.1
885.5
888.4
892.7
896. 1
895.7
895.8
897.7
900. 9
900. o
900.5
904-5
908.9
914.5
926.9
933-5
936.2
936.8
936.7
938. S
940.2
945. 3
946.3
944-7
949-4
949-7
946.6
946.7
94'- 7
936.0
93'- «
929.9
9^7 S
923 8
922. 7
920.8
916.6
911-4
904. 4
896.7
892.4
889.5
886.8
887.6
883.6
884- S
40"
873.6
876.3
879-4
882.7
882. 1
882.7
882.7
882. 4
882. 6
885-5
887. 3
890. 4
888.0
886.2
885.7
888.0
888. 6
894- 3
897.4
895.1
895. 9
898.8
900. 8
900.5
902. 6
904. 9
910. 8
918.0
928.5
935.6
936.9
937.'
937.3
938.8
942.2
945-7
945- >
945-0
950.8
948.2
946.8
944-4
940. I
934-2
930.3
929.1
926.5
922.5
922.3
9'9-3
914. 5
909.4
901. 8
894.8
891.9
8S7. 2
S87. 2
887.0
884.4
884.1
May IS, 1883, 9b.
June I, 1883, 10''.
o»
824.4
825-9
827.2
827.5
827.4
826. 4
824.4
825.0
825. 3
825.0
824.4
824.3
824.8
824. 8
824.8
82.t. 7
825. 7
82,.:!
826. 4
826. 1
826.2
826.8
827. 6
828.1
828.6
829.7
830.2
830.6
832. S
832. 7
835.3
835.6
837. 5
837.6
838. I
839.0
840.3
840.5
842.9
843.5
843.9
843.9
844.6
845.0
843-5
843. 0
843-0
842.2
843-9
845.1
849- '
853-9
857- '
857. 1
S56. 8
855-9
854- 5
854-4
854.0
852.8
851.8
851.6
852. 2
853, 8
'^SS-o
856.3
858.6
858. 7
858.7
859.0
857.6
856. 6
855-3
855.2
856.0
857.7
858. 7
858.7
859. 4
85S. 6
857- 7
83/. J
857-6
857.2
854.2
852.8
848.4
, 845.4
843- 5
845.0
852. 9
855.7
861.4
865. 2
870.4
873.5
879.'
881.0
879. 6
878.1
872.0
870.7
870.9
871.7
871.8
' 872.0
870. 9
• 870.3
871.4
1 871.0
870.5
1 869. 6
869. 3
868. 8
868. 5
' 867. 8
867. s
867.3
866. s
866.6
40"
826.4
828. ■>,
824. 7
825-3
824.4
824.2
824.8
825.0
825.9
826.4
827. 1
828.5
829.9
831.0
834-4
836.5
837.9
839.8
840.5
843-6
843-8
844.9
842.9
842.3
847-2
855-6
857-0
854-6
853-9
852. I
851.6
854-9
837.2
858.0
857-9
856. 3
855. 7
858.6
859.5
858.3
857.2
856. 4
850.1
844. o
850. o
859-3
867.5
876. 6
881. 1
874-7
870.5
871.6
87'-3
871.4
871.0
869. 7
868. 6
867. 5
867.3
866.1
823.4
822.0
820.6
823.6
826
824
823
822
822
819
818. 1
818. 1
817.6
815.2
812.4
809. 9
806.6
802.5
799
797
794
791
792
790 .
788.2
787-5
783-3
782.0
779.6
776. 3
775-9
774-4
77'- 8
772.1
774-4
779-4
782.1
788.5
793-9
797-3
801.5
808.6
816.6
81Q. 6
822. I
828.2
834.2
838.8
839.6
845. 6
848.6
851.4
853.9
852.7
864.5
869. 1
868.8
865.2
864.9
864.7
40»
823.6
821.3
821.0
824.4
826. I
823.4
823.0
822.1
822. I
818.6
818.1
817.8
816.3
814.2
811.9
809.3
804.4
801.5
799.6
796.7
793.3
791.2
792.3
790.2
788.1
786. I
781.8
781.8
779.2
775-4
776-2
773-2
771.6
773- 6
776. 2 ,
780. 7
784. 3 !
790. 2 I
795- 3 j
798.4 I
809. 1 ;
811.0
818.6 ;
820.6
824.3
830. I
836.7
838.5
841.2
847.3
849.3
853.'
856. I
862. ?
864. 9
869. 9
867. 2
865. 1
864.8
863.7
823.2
821.2
£22. 3
826.0
825.8
823.2
822. I
822. 6
820.6
818.5
818.2
817.8
815.6
812.8
811.4
807.6
803.3
799-9
798-5
795-7
792-2
791.6
79'- 5
789.3
788.1
784.7
781.4
780.9
778.2
775-6
776.3
772. I
771.6
774-0
778. 3
781. 1
786. 5
79'- '
796-4
799-7
805.5
814.6
818.8
821.6
826. o
830. 6
838. 6
838. 5
844.6
847.9
850.7
853.5
858.4
864. o
867. 1
869. 8
866. o
865.1
864.7
862.0
580 THK LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Term-hour ohscrvatioiis at f'Wt Conner from j^uly i, 1S82, A' Aiiji;us/ 1, 1883, inclusive — Continued.
^:^ 81° 44' 00" > = — 04° 43' 50"
Magnetic declination = 246° K. -f tubular ([uantity. (ji>ttin{;en time.
:!|!'
m.
June
IS, 1883,
20«
/
11".
40*
July 1,
o*
1883,12!'
20-.
(mioii).
40-
/
July
IS, 1883,
•3"-
Aug!
St I
.1883
,14".
o*
20'
40-
/
o"
/
!0«
40-
/
/
'
/
/
/
0
778.2
777-8
778.2
840. 5
84S.S
849. 7
783-2
782. 5
780.3
836.8
836. 9
836.5
I
778.4
776.7
776. 3
852- 5
853- 0
85t 4
777-7
776.1
774-2
836. 6
836.5
836.1
2
776.8
776. 7
776.0
854- 0
853-5
852.5
772.8
771.0
770. 6
837.3
838.0
837.7
3
776. 4
775-2
774-5
852. 2
851.8
852.0
770.4
769. 8
767- 5
836.8
835.8
835.5
4
775-7
776.3
777- 9
S5 1 . fi
848. 2
845-6
766. 3
765.0
764.4
835.1
835.'
835-'
5
778.2
778- 4
77S.3
842. 9
840.6
840.0
764-4
765.6
766. 1
835.3
834- 4
834.0
6
77<''- 7
776. 8
776. 4
837- I
836.7
833.7
767-6
769. 0
77«-5
830. 9
827.7
824.0
7
776.8
777- 6
780.8
833- 6
830.7
«io.I
773-4
776.6
777-9
822.8
821.1
819.0
8
782.3
783.0
782.2
829.2
827.9
827.0
780.7
781.7
784.0
812. I
*)
(*)
9
780.6
779- 3
777-6
825.4
824-5
824. 1
786.5
787.8
789.6
(
*)
(*)
10
776.0
775-2
775-6
824. 0
823.4
823-5
790.9
792. 3
794.0
(
*)
(*
11
775-2
774-5
776.2
824. 6
824.3
826.4
795.5
797- 3
797- 8
(*)
(
*)
(»
12
777-5
777-3
777-2
828. I
830.3
830.7
797- 8
797-8
797.6
(•)
*)
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776.7
775-3
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829.4
828.5
S28. 2
797."
795-4
794. 4
(*)
*)
»{
(*)
, 14
774-6
775-3
776.7
829-3
829-3
829.7
792.6
792. 0
790.7
(*)
(*
'S
776.6
776.7
776.7
829. 9
830.6
830.7
789.9
788.7
788.2
*)
*)
*)
(*
16
774.6
774-"
77'- 9
S31-3
831.8
833-'
787.1
786.2
785.5
*)
(*
•7
770.4
767- 3
764-7
832-7
832.9
832. I
784.3
783-2
782.3
*)
(*)
i ■»
762.7
760.8
760. 9
832-7
832.1
831.0
781.2
779-9
779-5
(*)
•)
744-6
«9
761.6
761.6
761,9
830. 6
829.2
S27. 8
778.0
777-4
776.9
743- 0
740.4
732.7
20
762.2
762. s
762. 0
S26. 9
825.0
824.3
776.6
776.3
776.3
736.7
732-7
732.7
21
759- I
755-7
754-7
823. 3
821.1
Si 7. 3
776. 6
776.6
776.9
73'. 3
729.0
725.0
22
756.0
756. 1
759-8
816.8
816.4
817.9
777.0
777-2
777-2
722.7
722.8
722.7
23
762. 0
762. 2
761.9
819.4
821.4
825. 5
777.4
777-7
777-9
724.9
725-0
724.2
i 24
760.3
757-7
754.0
827.4
830.9
830.5
778. 5
778.6
778.9
724.2
723-8
723.9
i 25
751-3
748-9
748. 6
833- 6
834- 9
835.6
778. 9
779.6
779-7
724.2
724.1
723'
1 26
748.8
748-6
747-8
840. 2
844-3
848.0
779.9
780.1
780.0
723.5
725.5
725-2
27
746.8
746.7
745-8
851.9
855.1
857.3
779.9
780.0
780.0
724.1
725.0
725-6
28
742.9
740.3
737-3
850. I
861.7
862. 6
779.9
779.7
779-2
725-9
726.3
725-5
29
7.^i4- 7
730-3
727-7
863- 3
861.7
860.6
779-2
779.6
780.0
723-9
724.6
725-2
30
724.4
721.9
718.8
858-7
858.2
857.3
781.0
781.2
780.4
725.0
721.8
722. 2
1 31
716. I
713-9
711. 6
855-7
852.4
847.8
779- 7
778.8
778.6
722.2
720.8
717.8
! 32
709. 9
70S. 0
706.5
844.2
841.5
838. 9
778.1
777.3
777-2
716.0
712.6
710.6
ii
706. 7
705.0
704.3
835-9
833- 8
834.4
776. 1
775.6
775-9
710.4
7"-3
711. 9
34
703. 0
703-2
703-3
838. 9
838.3
840.4
776. 5
777.6
778.3
7"-3
711.2
711.9
35
703- y
703- 9
703- 9
839.2
S40. 9
841.3
777-9
776.9
775-3
712.9
7'3-4
716.6
36
703- 9
704. 6
704.4
S41.9
841. 3
838.9
773-8
773-4
773-5
720.3
727-7
733-6
37
706, 5
709. 9
712.4
837- 5
834-9
834.9
773- 6
774-2
775.0
737-9
742.0
745-7
3^
7'5-3
718.1
718.9
837- '
838- 3
S39.3
775-2
774.7
774.7
747-5
748.1
748.6
i ^'-'
720 5
725-9
729-4
841.9
843- 8
843. "
774. 3
773-9
773.8
748.9
750.2
75'- 9
40
730. f.
732-4
733-5
844- 3
844. 9
847.5
773.2
772.8
773- •
752.4
752.8
753-2
1 41
73f.. 6
73S- 5
739- 9
850. 0
850-5
850,8
773.4
773-6
774-'
752.7
752.6
752.0
42
739-5
739- 6
738-4
850. s
849- 7
849, 1
774- 5
775-3
775-7
753.8
756.3
757.0
43
737- 7
737-3
737-0
849.2
,848. 4
848. 2
775-8
775-9
775-8
758.3
759-8
761. 1
44
735-9
735-6
735-8
84S. 2
846. 7
846, 3
775. 8
776.1
776.1
762.5
765.2
766.6
45
7.54- 5
733- 0
733-5
845- 7
845-4
844. 9
776. 5
777.6
779.0
770.4
771.8
773.'
- 46
733- 6
734- «
735-0
842.3
843-4
842. 6
779. 9
7S0. 0
781.6
775-0
775.7
775.0
47
733- 2
732- 6
73'-4
844.2
84;. '■>
845. 6
782.3
78.'- 4
782.5
774.'
773.2
773-5
48
731-9
730. 6
730- I
845.8
X48.0
848.8
782.7
782 8
782.9
774-'
774.8
775-'
49
728.7
728.7
727. 6
850.8
852.8
855- 2
783.4
782.9
782.5
775.9
776.2
776..
50
726. 3
726. 2
726.0
857.0
858.2
858.6
781.7
781.6
781.4
776.1
776.6
778.6
51 1
724. 9
725-2
726.6
859. 4
859- '
860,0
781.3
781.0
780.4
779.3
781.0
781.8
52
72S. f.
730. 8
73>-8
861.5
861.8
862, 3
780. 0
778.8
778.0
781.8
782.0
782.1
S3
73'- 9
731-4
729. 8
865.2
S62. 6
861.2
778. 8
777-2
777.4
782.4
782.1
782.9
54
730. 6
730.8
73'-8
859. 8
860. 2
860. 6
777. 3
777-9
779.0
783.0
783.0
782. 1
SS
733- ■
734-2
735- 6
859- 8
859-1
858. 9
779. 3
780.8
781.6
781.3
782.0
782.4
56
736- 6
73'"- 3
736- 2
856.8
S56. 3
856. 6
782. 8
783-2
783.4
782.5
781.3
781.8
57
736-3
737- 0
738.8
856.4
857- ■
858.0
783.4
783- 2
784.4
784.'
785.6
787.5
58
740.7
741.2
742.4
857- >
857-4
857- >
785. I
785-2
785.4
787.1
785.6
784.1
59
744.1
744- 7 1
745-5
857-1
856. 8
856. 2
7S5.5
785.4
785.1
781.7
779.8
779-7
' Reading of mark inis,secl.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPKDITIOX.
Sptcial term obmnHitions of Ihi' iihii^iiiiK (/i;-/iii<tiii>ii ill /vv/ C'i»it^fr,
1882. I iSSj.
Nov.
N.)v.
Nov.
Nov.
Nov.
Dec.
IJec.
Dec.
Dec.
Dec.
Ian.
"Ian.
K-b.
leli.
Kul>.
I'el>.
Kcl..
Kcl..
1-eb.
Feb.
25
2()
2
3
)i
■7
23
24
25
26
I'eb.
Keb.
Mar.
Nbir.
Mai.
.Apr.
.Apr.
.Apr.
.\pr.
Apr.
27
28
2
6
13
3
4
'3
24
25
May
May
Jniie
June
|unu
jiinij
jiine
June
June
June 26
|une
27
|une
28
luiie
3"
lulv
7
luly
S
luly
9
luly
10
luly
«4
.luly
18
,)"iy
19
, July
30
Special observations liurin}; auroral displays or i/iiriiij; ^rriit mdi^netii disturbances.
GOttingen mean time. Magneti" declination 246° K. -| tabular ipiantily.
November 17, 1882.
Hour.
o"»
5'"
IO"i
15'"
f
20"'
/
/
/
1 1
749-3
1236.4
•1344.3
Noon.
1200.6
1177.7
1181.0
1 186.0 '
"3
782.8
930. 1
952.9
937-8
679- 5
14
999-4
735-9
508. I
707.6
807.9
>5
73'- 3
862.0
912.7
924- 3
1 104. 3
16
204.6
173-4
188. 6
290. 2
iJi
17
934-4
478.5
(t)
(t)
18
612.8
759-7
798.6
947.2
859- 7
•9
613.6
487-5
622.9
721.5
764. 9
20
691.0
694.1
752- 3
660. 3
659.0 ;
21
796.7
634.9
618.4
573- 3
348. 0
22
964-2
936-4
9«3-i
838.8
t'.89. 4
23
872.1
823-3
802.6
771.8
6.';4-3
25m
.;c'"
40"
/
/ 1
1192.2
53''- 7 1
884.6
873- 6 1
872.7
1009. 4 '
I1I5.2
«'37-7
1129.6
. . . _
tSis.o
475-2
iSU
(t)
693- 8
V^-S
762. I
736. 9
843-5
646. 7
824.2
879.5
736. 6
632.5
685.0
•'33-2
741. I
1101.4
750. (.
745- 3
893. 6
1131. I
1128. 7
982. 3
751-9 ;
(t)
378- 2 1
598.6
616. 2 1
620. 3
622.0
79'- 7
756.0
827.0
643- 7
845-4
912.6
8lq. I
875-5
728.6
741-5
♦ Approximate.
t Lost through heavy disturbances.
NOVEMHKR 18, 1882.
4i"'
870. S
948. I
809. 2
1073.6
565. 8
269.3
541-7
532- 6
683-7
660. 5
948.5
873-4
838.9
J One minute late.
50'"
iS'"
/
/
I073-4
1287.4
914.7
1036.6
894.2
954. 0
looy. 0
805.5
614.6
383. 3
188.3
393- 8
359. 5
276.4
45'- 9
741-9
689-7
654- 2
753-8
716.5
97«-7
921.2
80S. 4
810. 2
807. 4
894.2
Hour.
O'"
5111
lO"'
15m
20"'
25m
30'"
35"'
/
40>n
45"'
50"'
Sjra
/
/
'
/
/
/
/
0
880.5
860.0
756.2
880.3
877-9
866. 1
925.0
938-3
982.2
978.3
1031.4
1101.3
I
1098. 0
1070. 8
901.4
998. 9
963- •
952- 3
915.8
924.8
918.8
889. 6
557-3
685.4
2
790.7
585- 4
836.1
842. 3
561.4
744-5
693. 3
683. 2
837. 6
991-7
776.5
861.4
3
1093.8
1 230. 6
1169.6
1164.0
1168.1
1220. 3
1175-2
1117.5
II98. 0
1188.6
1097.8
1152- 1
4
1186.5
1163.4
1225. 1
1045- 3
1009. 9
nil. 9
1 102. 4
1094. 9
1127-9
1093- 5
1089. 6
1070. 8
5
1 130. 8
1020. 2
1043. 0
1068. 6
1098.0
1045-7
1 126. 3
1024.4
1087. 7
109S. 1
1075. 8
996. 2
6
984.6
935- 3
977-9
928.8
995-8
089.1
97S. 1
979. I
1004.7
973-7
988.4
962. 6
7
968.3
988.7
941. 1
907.8
923. 6
926. 8
S90.2
902. 2
906. 0
924-7
883. 1
884.2
8
938.8
949.0
958.1
978.6
961-5
985,7
91.7. I
970. 0
978. 4
999-8
9S0. 6
1009. 9
9
990.3
ion. 9
1006.3
957-5
933-4
968. 7
975- 1
951- 3
9lo. 3
887.7
S69. 7
853-2
10
914.9
936.8
951-4
8S1.6
910.0
944.2
957- '■
968. 2
842.5
730- 9
681.3
11
861.6
067. 6
1004.4
984. 1
992-5
844.4
942. 3
859. 2
991. 2
964.8
872.8
540.7
Noon.
754-4
826.3
Sol. 3
77'-3
1007.7
970. 1
895. 0
879. I
729- 3
912. 1
S82.7
981.6
«3
804. 1
898.6
902.9
918. 0
907.4
897.0
918.0
897-4
870. 1
844.9
825.6
813. 1
14
801.0
822.2
804.9
806.3
812.7
823. 2
801. 1
822.0
800.3
824. 9
782.9
648.3
«S
728.2
754.9
738.0
749- 5
749- 9
795-2
795.0
749- 4
739-8
653-3
632-7
058.8
16
729.2
722. 0
\l
458.0
565. 8
709.8
729. 7
702.6
713-8
19
429 8
•324. I
644.7
646. 3
453-5
620.9
t877. I
790.7
851.9
788.0
786.5
20
565.4
615. I
434 6
592. 0
629-4
724-7
712.9
773- 7
788. 8
771.2
769. 8
818.6
21
848.3
706.8
753- 9
780.5
708.7
693- 4
738. 8
713-2
663-4
704.5
708.8
750,6
22
795-5
824.3
717.6
534-7
22.9
287.0
645.1
685. 9
717.8
668. 8
609. 2
683. 2
23
666.0
696.9
812.0
752.5
646. 7
672. 1
757-5
754- 4
806.4
788.4
744-7
783.8
581
! !l
I ifl
f
♦ At 7' la".
t .Vt igi" 38".
582
u\
I ii
li' ;:'
li'i ii
' v^ii
■ I
!:i is
THE LADY PRANKIJN BAY EXPEDITION.
Special obseti a/ions during iiuronil Jhplays or during ^reat magnetic disiuibances — Continued.
(iultingen mean time. Magnetic di'clination 246° E. -f- tabular quantity.
NoVEMnER 19, 1882.
Hour.
0
2
o'»
/
800.0
866. S
874.5
5'"
/
746.3
824.3
S72. 2
to'"
/
799. 2
825.6
854.4
13111
/
832.9
764. 6
868.0
;0"i
/
81.. 7
795' 4
904. I
25111
S54. «
<'53-7
862.0
30'"
/
798.7
73'7
860. 2
35'"
/
812.0
709. 7
882.7
40"'
45".
SO""
SS"
/
821.7
839. f'
898.9
836.6
857.1
868. S
/
872.7
834- 9
823.0
876.1
818.9
865.3
Other special readings.
k. in.
/
1 ,
//. in.
, !
h. m.
, 1
//. m.
/
23 12
799.0
1 23 ly
721..
23 24
771.1
23 29
757-8
2J »5
701.9
1 23 20
718.3 1
23 25
759-2
23 30
788.1
23 16
74J.7
23 21
720.3 \
23 26
747.5
23 3«
828.3
23 '7
694.9
23 22
748.9 '
23 27
759-0
23 32
846.6
23 18
706.9
23 2J
769.1
23 28
754-7
November 20, 1882.
Iloui.
0
I
2
3
4
5
\ 6
7
8
Noon.
'3
1 "4
w
17
18
>9
20
21
22
QUI
5'"
lO'"
/
705.0
898.0
0^2.5
1204.3
'037- 7
1042. 8
1437- f-
'5'
20"i
25'"
30'"
35'"
40"'
45"'
50'"
55'"
739- 5
459. 8
777- 0
1043. 8
1009. 9
1241.4
1114.2
920. 8
166.6
807. 1
646. H
669. 2
379- 0
702. I
385- 5
601.6
648.1
802.9
/
691.0
835.6
608. 0
K,7i.5
lOIO. 0
1005.5
1 218. 9
901 5
/
735' 4
896. 6
583."
1222. I
1006. 8
1088. 2
1445. 8
/
723.2
7S2. I
526.5
1144.5
1048. 8
1137.9
1442. 9
854. 4
/
720.4
641.4
656. s
II29.7
1013.9
'152.3
1412. 6
866. .t
792.0
661.3
652. 2
1078, 5
981.6
1040. 6
11547
885.0
635.3
60;. 4
722. 6
1057. I
956.2
1 141. 2
1092.7
881.2
/
637-4
580.5
402. 1
1110.4
946.5
12l6. 1
M09.4
9.?5.o
/
696. 9
586.9
245-8
1111.4
9/0.9
1231.0
1132.7
923. 5
/
705. I
666.6
451. I
1070. 7
954.1
1187.5
1113.9
912.7
/
691.3
651.5
903-8
1 1 10. 3
950.6
1238.1
1109. I
909.8
-22.6
70' -3
503. 0
972.2
698. 1
569. 0
627.8
605. 5
- 56. 9
952.0
210. 3
975. 6
666. 0
470.3
650. 4
619.5
?;4-3
806.7
723 0
479-5
946. 3
..95 1
586.6
728.3
319-5
737-8
711. 0
434-7
""268"o'
554- 0
63''- 5
441-7
581-4
786.9
303-3
937-2
310.8
545. 3
617.8
602. 3
(•08. 9
675.9
430.0
689. 0
451. 1
620. 9
660. 2
653.8
806.3
614.2
933- 8
812.7
432. 8
810.4
569. I
606. 0
658.2
945.0
255-2
945.8
654- 8
547-2
682. S
669 0
883.2
529.0
645-9
761. 2
609. 3
672.8
665.4
845- 7
581.6
499.3
869.9
617.5
663. 7
626.6
825.0
423-5
515-8
910. 8
497- 1
616.2
661. 9
1
1
1
i
i - -1
I- t
•-'■''X
PH:
'^■-
THE LADY I'UANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
583
Special obsenmtions diirinf; auroral ilisplitys or during great magnetic (listitr/>ance.t —Continned.
Gdttin(;en mean time. Mn[;netic declination 246° K. -f tabular (|uantity.
1882.
A. m.
/
1883.
h. m.
/
1883.
h. m.
/ 1
1883.
//. m.
/
Nov. 21
•7 35
526.4
Jan. 25
21 58
727-4
Feb. 2
3 2
899.2
Feb. 2 1
6 9
866. 0
40
526. 6
59
729.0
5
926. I ,
10
S70. 9
18 S
578.5
2.1 0
729.8
6
928.9
12 58
781. I
10
651.0
I
73>-9
7
926.2
59
776.0
Dec. S
4 5
798.6
2
733-5
8
926. 5
«3 0
769. I
10
797. 5
3
73«-'
9
925.0
1
763. 6
Dec. 7
3 5
802.4
4
732.6
10
924. 1
2
757.7
10
800.5
5
734-2
II
920. 3
5
810. 1
Dec. 16
20 0
7"94
6
724.9
12
921.0
6
804.6
5
675.1
7
713-9
13
924. 5
7
793. 5
10
684.8
8
699.6
'4
922. I
8
784.2
'S
660.3
9
688.4
«5
917-3
9
762.4
23 40
794. 3
10
683.8
16
912.5
10
749-9
45
805.2
21
687.3
17
907.0
II
730-4
50
798.7
22
689.2
18
906. 4
12
806.2
55
789. 1
23
695.9
'9
904.6
•3
807.4
24 0
782.5
24
702. 1
20
898.8
14
826.7
5
773 3
25
706.2
21
894. 5
15 8
697.6
Dec. 17
1 0
S05.5
26
711. 0
22
899.9
9
702.7
5
827.5
27
714.2
23
901.9
10
712.5
7
S09. 8
28
7'7-4
24
898.8
II
723. 2
10
828.9
29
716.7
25
890.4
12
729- 7
7 40
774.7
30
7'3-7
26
883.4
58
818.8
45
775.9
3'
715- I
27
874.2
59
817. I
50
788.3
32
716.8
28
871.7
16 0
815.8
8 0
794.6
33
720.5
29
870.3
I
810.9
Dec. 19
19 20
770.7
34
727.4
30
871.4
2
810.0
25
781.8
3|
J33-2
31
874.5
3
809.8
30
721.5
36
738-3
32
873.6
4
808.4
35
783.7
37
745-8
il
876.8
5
802.9
40
799-3
38
765.9
34
874.2
6
796.6
45
77". 4
39
764-6
58
841.9
7
789.2
50
780.0
40
788.5
59
840.7
8
786.3
55
786.4
4"
763-2
4 0
839.4
58
741.2
20 0
788.4
42
763-8
I
836.8
59
746.3
5
788.4
43
763.0
2
836.7
17 0
747.2
lO
785.1
44
764.9
5
839-6
I
746-3
15
782.3
"♦5
773-1
6
838-3
2
743-4
20
790.7
46
776.2
7
832- 5
3
740.4
25
793.4
""l
775-4
8
833.0
4
742.9
30
789.5
48
774-5
9
838.8
5
745.3
35
788. 5
49
777.0
10
836.9
6
743-7
40
786.9
SO
778.2
II
833.7
7
743-3
45
783.8
51
781. 1
12
824.6
58
602. I
50
784.1
52
777-0
«3
828.5
59
605.2
55
780.0
53
776-6
«4
798-5
18 0
606.8
21 0
773.1
54
775.9
•5
789.8
I
606.0
5
776.9
55
777-3
i6
783.3
2
609.8
10
781.0
56
782.3
>7
777.5
3
613-2
15
784.8
57
785- 1-
18
765. 5
4
616. 2
20
789.5
58
790.7
19
767.1
5
617. I
25
777.8
59
795-4
20
775-4
6
620. 9
30
781.0
23 0
792.6
21
783.7
7
628.0
35
773-4
I
795-8
22
789.0
19 58
750-7
40
778. 5
2
796.4
23
786.0
59
752-7
45
776.7
Jan. 26
2 10
845-0
24
785.9
20 0
755-7
50
782.4
6 10
938.2
25
779- «
I
764.0
55
782.4
II
937-6
26
776-4
2
769.8
1883.
22 0
777-5
12
934.4
27
778.0
3
767.6
Jan. 25
1958
670.5
>3
928. 8
28
780.0
4
765.2
59
676.1
1/
925.9
5 58
853-4
5
770.2
20 0
683.9
Feb. 2
0 0
803.1
59
861.3
6
773.8
I
686.7
5
802.3
6 0
864.5
7
776.8
2
694.4
10
800.8
I
864.0
Feb. 3
0 58
899.8
3
698.0
«5
784.7
2
857-8
59
897.0
4
698.9
2 58
878.9
5
854- 7
I 0
887.2
5
703-4
59
881.3
6
860.0
I
880.6
6
708.2
3 0
888.4
7
861.6
2
873.7
7
712.6
I
887.8
8
864.4
3
871.0
I fl
il
; i
i
I I
!
584
TIIK LADY FWANKMN BAY EXPEDITION.
'm
Speciai of>setTiitii>ns ,/iiiiiii; iiiiivral tiisptays or dunn\^ i^^rcat ma^iiitic disturbances — Continued.
(iiUliii^in nic.ui tiiiic. Magnetic (kclinatimi ^46° V.. -\- tabular i|imntily.
1
iiil; ;
1
lit.
188;.
' 1883.
//. m.
/
r
1883.
h, m.
/
1883.
h. m,
/
Feb." 3
• 4
869.7
Icb. 17
17 14
601.5
Feb. 25
3 2
1091. 0
Mar. 6
30 59
685.7
1
867.7 ,
'5
599- 4
5
1074.6
31 0
693.3
6
8fK,.0
i<)
598. 5
6
1070. 5
I
698.9
7
872. 1 1
>7
598. 7
7
1059. 8
3
7«o.5
58
^'♦'•g
18
599- 9
8
1048. 9
3
718.0
59
840.8
Feb. 23
«3 58
764.7
9
1051.4
4
722. 2
3 0
839.8
59
769.4
.
10
1046, 6
5
729-8
I
840.7
14 0
781.3
II
1032. 1
6
740.4
3
842- 3
I
791-8
12
1018.4
7
753.0
3
845.2
3
799.2
13
1008.0
Mar. 13
•3 58
527-9
4
844.1
3
802.7
14
1004. 9
59
5>2-9
S
842.5
4
803.0
<5
1007.4
14 0
502. 3
6
843' 4
5
807.4
1 5
1006.0
1
501-3
7
841.7
6
811. 4
"7
987.7
3
496-4
58
79" ■ «
7
816.9
18
9C)0. 8
5
492.8
59
787-7
20
784.5
19
970.1
6
508.7
3 0
786. S
21
772.5
Feb. 26
15 58
726.9
Apr. 3
10 9
1074. 0
I
788.8
22
762.6
59
729.7
10
1053.8
2
787.7
23
753-9
16 0
730.6
1
II
1029.3
3
790.4
24
753-5
1
733-8
13
1025.0
4
793-7
58
74" -7
2
739-5 '
>3
1026. 7
s
793-1
59
74«.7
3
739- 9 Apr. 4
'3 «"
340-3
6
791.6
15 0
745-8
4
748.8
12
339-9
7
790.5
746.5
5
745-2
>3
354-3
14 8
679.6
2
749-5
6
743-8
'4
361. 1
9
669.1
3
752.4
7
739- >
'5
389. 0
10
667-3
4
752.2
Feb. 27
18 56
403.3
Apr. 13
15 58
789.5
II
658.3
5
748.5
57
405.5
59
794- «
12
657."
6
744-5
58
4«3-o
16 0
793- 7
•
14 22
657. I
7
742.1
59
416.8
I
798. 5
23
651.4
Feb. 24
16 9
585.5
19 0
434-0
3
(*)
24
656.2
10
570- 8
I
420.3
8
778. 5
25
(.54. 0
II
556.1
2
415-5
9
782.7
26
655- 5
13
547- 0
Feb. 28
12 58
758-0
10
782.7
27
660. 4
'3
548.3
59
767.9
Apr. 34
«7 58
661.3
28
664. 0
21 58
609.9
13 0
773-5.
59
652.9
29
668.4
59
613.8
778.0
18 0
639.0
30
675-4
22 0
607.9
2
785.7
1
630. 2
3'
682.7
I
602. I
3
790.5
3
620. 5
16 58
723.6
2
585.5
4
785.5
3
612.6
59
735- 2
3
590.9
5
774-4
4
618.9
17 0
733- 7
4
606.7
6
760.9
5
626.2
I
738. 8
5
614.7
7
748.8
6
624.2
2
747- 8
6
623. 9
16 16
449-4
7
625.5
4
734- 3
7
626.0
'7
451-3
20 58
650.6
5
■25-4 !
58
839.5
18
457-8
59
668.8
6
724.6
59
842. 3
19
47'-5
31 0
677-4
7
730. 2
23 0
843.5 '
20
476.4
I
689.9
S
728.2
I
842.5
Mar. 2
13 58
555-5
3
691. 1
Feb 6
7
616.1
2
842.5
59
550.0
3
t628. 2
s
617. 1
3
848. 8 ,
14 0
545-3
4
t626. 6
9
618.2
4
859-6'
I
545-9
5
t6i9.2
10
613-7
S
871.0 1
2
541- 1
6
t624. 9
20 II
801.6
6
872.0
3
538.1
7
t634. 2
3'
843.9
7
873-7
4
542.9
Apr. 25
6 58
844.8
32
843- 8 ;
Fcl). 25
0 S8
939-2
5
563- 7
59
850.0
33
842.4
59
939- 9 '
6
585-8
7 0
859.0
34
843-1
I 0
942.3 i
7
596.7
I
866.5
35
843- 9
I
942.9
20
535-0
2
838.5
Feb. 17
16 5S
682. 5
2
941.8
21
535-7
3
832. 1
59
670.8
5
945-0
22
536.4
4
865.9
17 0
661. 2
6
947-6
23
532.1
5
885-9
I
654. 8
7
947-6
24
529-1
6
906.2
2
647. 9
8
946. 1 1
25
530.0
7
891.8
5
641.6
9
944-5 i
26
542.3
15 58
79«-4
()
638. 9
2 58
1112.9 i
27
545-9
59
796.2
7
637- 9
59
1 103. I
28
557-6
16 0
787.6
,S
f'33-5
3 0
1095, 9
29
560. I
I
770.8
9
630.9
I
1
1094.8
Mcir. 6
20 58
681.6
2
770.1
M.ost.
+ DouhU'uI, mark rcadinjj omitted.
THE LADY FRANKfilN BAY EXPEDITION.
Special nhsenHitioin duritif^ auronil diiplays or during ip'tat magnetic <//'j///rAi;/i-«— Continued.
( iiUtingen mean time. Magnetic declination i^tP K. -f tabular >|uantity.
585
1883.
Apr. 25
May 16
May 20
June
June
June 17
//. III.
t
5
6
7 i
S
9 I
10
11 I
12 I
10 5S i
59!
1 1 n
.?
4
5
6
7
20
21
22
23
24
18 58
59
19 o
I
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
.'o
II
12
'I 30
31
32
33
34
11 58
59
12 o
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
20
2S
30
35
40
9 58
59
10 o
I
2
3
4
5
6
774-8
70s. I
769. 8
775' 3
774-4
776. 9
778.4
781.7
778.3
774. o
«S4. 3
853- 4 !
851.4
849.9
846.8
*S92. 2
891. I
885.6
879.8
877.0
921.5
930- 8
93<'. 8
942. 7
947. '
629, 6
640.8
650. I
648. 8
0.55.0
647.7
638.3
6jo. 4
640. 6
648. 6
655.0
660.6
666. 8
672.3
821.4
821.6
839.8
844.9
841.5
'021. 5
1017
1004
99'
976
956
950-4
946.3
937-'
937.8
898.7
900.3
874.0
820.3
849.3
690. 9
693-7
693-8
692.4
697.9
700.3
694.9
680.8
671.8
1883.
June I
[uiiL- i.S
June 19
June 22
//. Ill,
/
10 7
663.6
K
602. 0 .
9
662. I
10
657.6
II
662. 4
12
670. I
40
852-7
4'
870.2
42
879. 5
43
878.3
44
890.4
53
903.3
54
909.4
55
9«4.3
56
9'7.7
57
930. 4 !
58
942.4
59
954.9
1 1 0
9O5. 8
1
971.6
2
977-6
'5 30
7.:o. I
3'
722. I
32
7'4-8
33
718.4
34
723. 5
5 58
927.4
59
926. 4
0 0
926. 5
1
930. 0
2
941-4
4
945-8
5
950. I
6
956.7
7
956. 5
8
956.5
17 58
534-2
0 59
539. 6
18 0
550.1
I
564.3
2
574-6
3
582.5
4
579-8
5
574-2
6
583-7
7
596.1
32
714-2
ii
7'2. 3
34
7". 8
35
709.0
36
710. 0
23 58
813.0
59
840, 4
0 0
(t)
I
859.2
2
843.0 ;
3
S29. 0 1
4
819. I .
5
819- 2 ,
6
825-5
7
836.0
39
851-3
40
855. 8 ;
41
884- 7 i
42
860.6 '
43
862.5 !
18 58
651.6 j
59
677. I
19 0 1
1
698. I ,
iS«3-
h, m.
Junc 22
19 1
2
1
1
4
5
6
7
20 31
32
ii
34
35
June 23
5 7
8
9
10 j
1 1
June 20
'5 29
30
31
32
n
JuiiK 27
'8 38
29
30
31
32
20 28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
^'^ 1
37 1
June 28
9 58
59
'o 0 i
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
II 0
I
2
June 30
10 58
59
II 0
I
2
4
5
6
7
8
IS 28
29
/
711. 6
7'5.3
7'4.7
7'5 4
715-4
715-9
718.5
591-5
604. 2
609.6
611. 3
f>o8. I
«.i7.5
836.3
856.7
882. 3
S<)6. o
739-6
747-9
751-8
755-2
757-8
737. 4
737-8
7.?6. 8
736.7
73^-2
65t>. 6
657- 5
648,0
635 9
629.0
624.5
627. 6
621. o
611. I
606.6
785. 3
801.0
8'7-S
826.7
825.1
818.7
814.2
806.1
803.0
80s- 3
760.9
764-3
768.1
776.9
784-9
792-1
795-6
800.5
804.4
801.7
949.1
941.4
937-8
937-5
937-9
940.9
934-8
926.5
93'. 3
923.1
691.8
691.7
! 1883.
June 30
July 7
July 8
July-
July
' Doubtful.
t Lost.
k. III.
/
'5 .P
687. 5
3'
680,7
32
678. 6
2 28
796. I
29
795. 3
30
795. 2
31
797.2
32
798.1
•7 58
687. 8
0 5'J
717.3
18 0
747.5
1
762.8
3
775- 0
3
804.3
4
845. 4
6
881. 2
7
88?. S
8
886. 4
9
909.8
10
912. 2
12
957. 5
'3
954.0
14
967.4
16
1014. 2
20
1050. 3
21
1052. 2
22
1024 4
58
640. 4
59
64'- 3
19 0
629. 6
I
615.4
2
594.0
4
582.6
5
598. 7
6
598. 6
7
599-3
8
606.6
I 28
846.3
29
842.4
30
843.4
31
846. I
32
849.8
10 28
696.8
29
692.9
30
686.9
3'
684.0
32
694.3
I 58
765.1
59
761.6
2 0
757-7
I
752.3
2
742.4
3
738.6
4
743-7
5
744-4
6
744-3
7
749-1
3 28
943.4
29
942.3
30
940. 1
31
937-9
32
932-9
5 58
703.0
59
706.7
6 0
705.0
I
69s- S
2
695.0
3
704.1
4
719-7
f 'll
> '1
ft 'J
586
TIIK LADY KUANKLIN BAY KXI'KDITION.
Sfeciiil obsfnations durhi)^ auroral dhplayi or i/iniiiy; f^nal mdf^ntlic <tislurliances — Continued-
(initinKcn mean lime, Magnelic declination 246° K. f tal)ular <|uanlity.
\>'\
i88j.
h. m
/
188).
A. m.
/
l88v
A. m.
/
1883.
i. m.
/
July 10
<> 5
735. i
July ■ 18
II 59
571 9
July " 18
16 1)
785.0
July 18
23 58
822.7
6
75«. 3
12 0
573.4
10
780.4
59
830. 7
7
7<>7. 7
1
571.5
II
780.7
July 19
0 0
847. 6
3H
6so. 2
2
577. 8
12
783 0
1
863. 9
2t)
644.5
3
573 4
19 58
405.8
2
877.4
.»o
641.1
4
581.8
59
419.9
3
895. 9
.w
649. 1
5
593. 7
20 0
446. 7
4
90<>.5
.w
(>S9- 3
6
605.9
i
471.3
5
9I7.7
8 2»
938.2
7
594.0
2
484. 4
6
927. 5
J9
934. a
20
817. 1
J
500. 8
7
931.7
,1°
930.1
25
875.6
898.2
4
511.7
58
796. 7
31
934.8
30
5
S.U- 0
59
778.2
32
950.4
35
886.5
6
537. 8
1 0
745. 3
II 5«
75I.4
40
845. 3
7
5.?8. 1
I
709. 5
5'»
753- 8
45
899. 4
8
537. 5
2
687.2
12 0
727.1
50
866. 7
9
532. 2
3
671.0
1
709.5
55
903.7
10
545-8
4
657. 5
3
689. I
13 "
887.4
II
552.5
5
646.7
3
670. 2
14 58
1016. 2
12
548.2
6
647.2
4
664.7
59
1017.3
28
546.2
7
646.5
5
678.6
IS 0
1026. 9
29
555. 5
30
616.6
6
(■•74. 3
1
1035. 7
30
575. 1
31
594. I
7
682.0
2
1036. 2
3"
592,9
32
562.1
2«
728.8
3
1046. 0
.\i
607.5
33
550.6
29
714.4
4
1024. 2
M
627.9
34
542.4
30
706. 6
5
992.9
34
640.7
35
545-4
31
704, 8
6
1002.3
35
641.5
36
564. 4
3J
720.9
7
989.9
i(>
646. 4
37
579- 3
July 14
16 58
732. 6
58
645.7
37
644. 1
July 30
17 28
658.7
59
727.3
59
658.4
58
681.8
29
658. 7
17 0
732. 3
16 0
671.6
59
686.8
30
653. 2
I
730.0
1
690. 1
21 0
697. 5
31
645.7
2
730.0
2
707.3
1
709.7
32
639.9
3
732. 5
3
718.2
-»
710.5
18 28
685.1
4
742.2
4
733'
3
710.1
29
684.0
5
749.2
S
738.8
4
712.4
30
688.4
6
748.6
6
764.8
5
717.5
. 3'
693. 5
7
745.8
7
774.6
6
725.0
32
695.4
July 18
II 58
587. 3
8
773-4
7
728.8
ii v
(2) Measures of the horizonlal component of the magnetic force.
These consist of oscillations and deflections made with magnetometer No. 12. The instrumental constants needed for
the determination of the horizontal force are as follows:
Dettrmiiiation of the moment of mass {M) of the ma.ss-ring accompanying the theodolite magnetometer. The ring is of
gun metal, and has no distinguis: ing niiirk on it. Its weight was determined at the Coast and Geodetic Survey OfHce by E.
B. Lefavour, June 13, 1881, and found to be 19.05 grams, or 293.98 grains; also, by other weighing, 294.02 grains; mean,
294.00 grains. The following measurements, to determine the inner and outer diameters, were made at the office. Jure 13,
1881, with two different instruments:
Measures by C. A. Schott. Temp., 76° Fahr.
,'3.78 _
Outer diameter, \ 3. 78 \ centimeters and
(3. 78 )
r. -^3.78 [ce
(3-78 j
Imier diameter, ■< f ' ^^ >
\ 2. 99 /
centimeters and
49
49
49
185
180
inches.
}■
y inches.
Measures by M. Baker. Temp., 76''.5 Fahr. :
r»-49
'3.778) 11.49
, 776 >■ centimeters and ■{ i. 49
Outer diameter
Inner diameter,
775 J
975)
975 \ centimeters and
990 J
1 . 4896
I. 4896
I. 17
I. 17
I. 175
I. 177
1. 1. 174
inches.
• inches.
TFIK LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXI'KIHTIOX.
f)87
Converting one measure into tiie other, and taking the respective means we lin.l the outer diameter = 1.488.J in< hes and
the inner diameter 1 1754 inches, hence
Mi^t/i (ri+n') «'=«o.9i84? at 76'' Fahr.,
and for any other tenjperature / '
./l/|=:0.9l842 [i-fo.ooooj (/— 76')]
Delermiitatio»i of the ttrnpinititre coifficienl {^q^ 0/ ma^'jiet I.xt,
[OUervntion. iimde at Ihc ( ,„„t a.i.l (a'odctic Survey Office l.y .SerKeaiil K. I»ratl. June iS. i«Hi; inaKncl .S,, su.spciulc.l, l.„ .Iflluctini; «l .lilFerent
tcnipcratiirfs. Ilel1eclii.n ili>taiu:e, 1.^5 liit.]
Wa.shiiiytiin
local inuaii
time.
Circle A. Circle II.
Teniperature.
/;. III.
0 / 1 /
e
9 24 a. in.
•5f> 41 43
73. 9 Kahr.
I.ij ill liiit water jacket.
10 19 a. ni.
27 a. m.
32 a. m.
•53 57
5<'.5
56
59
5«.5
58
94.0
88.0
88.0
I.u i>i ice jacket.
10 56 a. m.
11 03 a . Ill .
08 a. m.
1 1 a. m.
18 a. m.
•53 49. 5
50.0
50-5
51.0
156 39- 0
5^-5 43- •
5"-5 1 3»o
5^.5 36- 5
52.5 1 35.2
40.5 1 69.0
I.u in hot-water jacket.
II 33 a. ni.
41 a. in.
153 48.0 50.0 ! 90.0
49.5 . 5'.5 ! «8-o
I-ij in ice jacket.
0 02 p. in.
08 p. ni.
16 p. ni.
1 15 p.m.
•53 47.5 1 49-5
47- 0 49- 0
•56350 37.0
il- 5 },},■ 5
42.0
44.0
77.0
75.8
Lij in hot-water jacket.
I 4S p. m.
52 p. m.
S9 P- m.
^li 52.0
Si.o
51.0
52.0
5^.5
5^.5
102.3
95.1
91.4
Lij in ice jacket.
2 12 p.m. I 153 47.0 [ 48.0 I 40.4
Wasliinijton
local iiicaii
time
< ircle .\.
Circle 11.
reiiiperaluri
//. ///.
0 /
/
0
2 16 p. ni.
24 p. m.
•53 47- 0
•5^' iS. 5
4«-5
34- 0
39. 8 Kahr
75.7
Li] removed.
Li.j removed.
Lij reniovcil.
L|. in hot-water jacket.
2 5' 1'
55 P
3 oop
in.
in.
in.
'SJ 52. 5
52. 0
52.5
S.!-5
53-5
S.J-5
98.8
94.6
92.0
-ij in ice jacket.
3 3^ 1>
J3P
in.
in.
•53 5>5
5^S
53- 0
53- 0
44.2
44. 1
I-ij in hot-water jacket.
4 i5p. ■•". I 153 Sf'-o I 57. o 1 93-4
'9P-m- I 55- 5 I 56.5 I 90-9
I-ij in ice jacket.
4 33 !>• •"• I ^53 A- 5 1
••S 1... ni. I S4- 5 I
55.5 I 42.0
55.5 I 4^.6
\.\i in hot-water jacket.
4 48 p. in. I 153 60.0
52 p. in. I 59. o
61.0 I 121. o
59.5 I ••3.6
Lii in ice jacket.
5 II p. in.
16 p. 111.
•53 5<''-5
55-5
57- 5
57.0
46.0
46.5
I.ig reiiioveil.
I;
588
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
After applying a correction for change of declination to the readings when tlie deflecting magnet was removed, we can
form the following table :
Circle
reading.
Temper-
ature.
0
Alternate
mean
of circle
reading.s.
Alternate
tempera-
ture.
Differences.
Angle of
deflection.
H
Remarks.
*
In angle.
In tem-
perature.
o /
0 /
0
0
0 /
t53 57-5
52.9
90.0
38.2
153 55- >
89. 5
2. 2
S«3
2 46. 6
Mean reading of Su
52-7
80.0
when I.ij was removed
■;2. 2
56.1
43.0
96-3
54-4
92.7
2. 2
49-7
2 47-3
«S<>°39'5'>t 74°3Fahr.
52.0
40.1
56.7
95. 1
53-7
42.1
-3.0
-53- 0
2 4S-8
55.3
44.1
S8.4
56. y
92. 1
41.8
S6.1
43- 0
-2-3
—49.1
2 43' 4
61.7
58.0
>«7-3
46.3
57-5
44.0
-4.2
-73. 3
2 42.0
Resulting values of (/ -
" '■'- " ^0.00026-)
' - '" 26
34 -mean = 0.00030 ± o.ooooi
29 I
35 J
Determination of the moment of mass of magnet L\i and appenJagrs, — Before his departure for the Arctic region Sergeant
Israel made a few trial observations of oscillations with and without the ring. On testmg these they were found unsatis-
factory, and as no other observations for moment of mass of L12 were made at Fort Conger, I caused a series of observations
to be made, with the following results:
Magnetometer No. 1 1 being of \\ ,■ same patiern as No. 12, it was used for the oscillations of L12 without fear of any
sensible effect due to a difference in the size or weight of the stirrups. From the observations made at Washington, July 6, 1886,
by Mr. J. B. Boutelle, of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, I deduce the following values;
Squares of times of oscillations of L^i, with and without ring, of No. 11, at the magnetic observatory in my garden at Washington,
Temperature 91.5° Fahr.
-n =16.577
TrJ = 28. 609
T^ =16.488
Ti» = 28. 582
T' =16.463
Ti« =: 28. 5 1 I
'P 16.451
Alternate means.
16.532
28. 596
16.476
28. 546
16.457
Din.
12.077
12. 108
12. 106
12. 083
12.054
Dimenb'ons and weight of the ring No. 11.
Outer diameter at 75° Fahr., I. 4886 mches,
Inner diameter at 75° Fahr., I. 1613 inches,
as determined by me April 29, 30, 1881.
Weight given i)y E. H. Lefavour, 300.767
grains; hence J/, . -o. 93070 at 75° Fahr.
Mean, 1 2. 086
In these observations the small balancing ring was near the end of the magnet, as it was .supposed to have been at Fort
Conger; but in order to place tlie ring over the magnet it had to bo shifted towards the center, to allow for which change the
average difference. T|^ — T^, as above, was increased to 12 255.*
We have:
•12
.il/i = 0.93010 [1 |- 0.0000: (/— 75° Fahr.)J Mx ;,, 2_-p2 = 1.2526 y)/= 1.2526 [i -j- 0.0000136 (/ — 91.5° Fahr.)]
■ - i
i ;
ll
■
1
1 ■' ■
i
iti^
* Weight of balancing ring, o. 270 grams or 4.2 grains, or about -y of the mass ring, by which fraction the observed difference was increased.
ved, we can
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table of values of log Mfor various temperatures.
589
At 60° Falir.
log ;1/= 0.09762
y>
57
40
S«
30 ,
45
30
39
to
33
0
27
— 10
7\
—20
•5
-.30
09
—40
03
Observations for the value of the coefficient P, depending upon the distribution of magnetism tiithin the magnet. — The few
observations taken at Fort Conger include a range of deflecting distance between i and 1 24 of a foot, and give values of P
falling on both sides of zero. I have adopted P= o in consideration of the fact that the lengths of the two magnets were of
the proper proportion for wliich experience has shown this coefficient to be very nearly zero.
The observations and reductions are presented in the form adopted by the Coast and Geodetic Survey.
!
1
'! ■!
:M:;!
ii : !
i ■
! I
590
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
RECORD OF DEFLECTIONS WITH PARTIAL REDUCTION.
Sergeant E. Israel, Observer.
Deflections u<ilh theodolite magnetometer.
Date, September i6, 1881. Stntinn, Fort Conger, Grinnell l.anii.
Date, SeptenilKT
iR, i3Sl.
Station, Fort Conger, Grinnell Land.
Instrument, Magnetometer No. 13. MaencI Li^ cleHectinK at
rif^ht angles to Magnet Sii suspended. Distance r= 1.33 feet.
Instrument
.Mugneioineter No. 13. Magnet L12 deflecting at
to .Magnet Si> suspended. Distance r- 1.35 feet.
right angles
I.og. r— 0.09691.
Log. >• = 0.09691. 1
■a
a
4>
Circle readings.
Circle readl gs.
s
13
c
u
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
s
1 1
1
y.
No. A
R
Mean.
No.
A
0 /
H
Mean.
^
No. A
11
Mean.
No.
A
U
Mean,
1 . /
/
/
0 1
0 /
/
/
E.
1 138
37.88
E.
I 140
14. 00
1
1
W.
3
119
21-75
\
W.
3 ISO
SI. 50
E.
3 '38
33-75
J
E.
3 '40
30.50
W.
4
119
30.25
W.
4 120
5735
E.
5
138 1
4a -37
E.
Mean
5
140
23-50
1
Mean
13B
38.00
119
36.00
140
■9-. 33
I30 1 54.38
W.
6
119
36.30
\V,
1
6 13T
09.25
a
E.
7
'38
Sa-5o
"i
E.
7 '40
»4-a5
W.
8
119
25.25
u
W.
8
131
09.00
is
E.
9
■38
61.00
?
E.
9 , 140
a5-»S
'V.
10
119
30-75
W.
Mean
10
131
06.2s 1
Meai
.38
56 -75
119
27.50
140
34-75
131 J 08.17
Computation. (Washington mean time.)
Computation. (GBttlngen mean time.)
^« = ir> sin. «(,-<; )
-^=i.4Bin.«(«-f, )
0 /
0 / 1
Magnet East, 2 « = 19 12.00
I-og'ms.
Magnet East, 3 k = 19 24.95
Logins.
Magnet West, 3 « ~ 19 39.35
i 9.69897
Magnet Wc^t,
^lean
J » — 19 16.58
t 969897
Mean 19 30.62
/■^ 0.2907}
19 20.76
r^ 0.2907^
« = 9 40- 31
Sin. // 9.22532
« = 9 40.38
Sin. u 9.23537
1
1 — „ 0.00000
1
■ ';o.
Time of beginning 2'' 05"
Temp. + 21.0 Fahr.
<»
Time of beginning ^ lo"" ; Temp. 20.0 Fahr.
r'
Timcof ending, p. m. 3 50
Temp. + 19.0
Time of ending
p. m. 9 43 1 Temp. 19.0
Mean a 38
/ = + ao.o
// 9-»'503
Mean
1
g 26 /= 19.5
If 9 2'507
September 30, 1881. Magnet I.u deflecting at riglit angles to Magnet
November 2r, i
8S1. Mapnet Lis deflecting nt lipht angles to Magnet '
Sia suspended. Distance r = !.25 feet.
JS.
Sia suHpetulctl. Distanre r
Circle readings.
= 1.25 feet.
1
V
Circle readings.
Circle readin
i
1
Circle readings.
fi 1
1
1
M
]
1 1
■^
.; :no. a
B
Mean.
1
No. A
( 0 /
R 1 Mean.
t 1
« 0
No. A
H
Mean. No. A
H
Mean.
1
0 1
,
1 •
0 /
/
, M „ ,
/
,
w. j
I 119
57 75
E.
I IJ4
54-50 !
E.
3
'39
10.75
>\ .
3 115
34.25
I
w.
3 120
tJ3-5o
E.
3 134
5^-75
E.
4
■39
3fi.25
ui
W.
4 "i
1 35-75
W.
5 120 1 \ 00.50
I30 00.58
E.
5
.34 '
58. 2<
1
Mean
139 1 33.50
Mejin
■34
54-83
H5 ' 35.00
E.
6
"39
38.75
1 1
w.
6 ! ir5 1
36- 75
%
W.
7 1 "9 1 ; 59-5"
K.
7
■34
3^-»5
B.
8
'39
37.75
1 -
W.
8
"5
36-35
*
W.
9 ' "9 1 1 57-75
is
E.
9
•34
27-35
E. 10
139
! 30.75
1
W.
Mean
10
"5
34-75
Mean
139 2908
119
58.03
■34
34-25
"5
35.93
CowputatioH. (Gfittingen mean time.)
Conlfiiitntion
. (Ciiittingen i
neun time.)
Magnet Kast, 2 « = 19 22.92
l.og'ms.
Magnet East,
1 It = \^ 20.83
■ l.og'ms.
.Magnet West, 2 « = 19 30.46
i 9.69897
.MagiiLl West,
Nlean
2K=i8 58.33
4 9.69897
.Nlean 19 36.69
f 0,3.).J7J
19 14.08
H 0.29071
K= 9 43.34
Sm. « 9.22756
" = 9 37 04
Sin. // 9.22289
Time of beginning 8ii 25"' ' Temp. - 30.5 Kahr.
Time of ending, p.m. 8 53 ^ Temp.- 18.0
■ ~ .^ 0.00000
Time of beginn
I
ing 7' 32" Temp. — 34.0 Fahr.
I — „ 0.00000
Time of ending
p.m. 7 54 Temp.- 17.5
Mean 8 38
/=- 19.35
"1, 9-"-7>6
Mean
7 43 i / = -30.75
ff 9-31359
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Deflcctiom with theodolite magnetometer — Continued.
December so, i8
Sii
Mii|;net \.\t deflecting nt right angles to Magnet
suspended. Distance /■=i.a5 I'eet.
o
S5
E.
W.
E.
W.
E.
Mean
W.
E.
W.
B.
W.
Mean
Circle readings.
No.:
■4t
M4
'44
Circle readings.
Mean. [N'o.
aS.oo
3° 75 I
,l6 . 50 I
135
4 : "S
^"ebruary at, i88a. Magnet Lit deflecting at right angles to Magnet
S,f suspended. Distance r=i.a5 feet.
Mean, i; S*
11.35
16.00
3'-75
6
■ 35
7
■44
6' 75
S
■35
9
144
5>.oo
10
■35
■44
.56.38
135
13.62
4«-75
38-50
34.00
Continuation. (GtUtingen mean time.)
Magnet East, 2 r/ -ig i*?. 13
Mignet West, 2 it = n) (3. \o
Mean 1 ) 18 22
u = 9 39 . 1 1
Time of begin ing fi"" 15'
Time of ending, p. m. 6 50
Mean 6 12
I-,
Temp. - 26.1.1 Fahr.
Temp. — 24 o
/ -■= — 25.0
Sin.
//
Log'ms.
9,69897
0.29073
9.23^43
o
'A
E.
W.
E.
W.
E,
Mean
W.
E.
W.
E.
W.
Mean
Circle reailings.
No.
■40
140
140
Circle readings.
Mean. |Nn. A
140
140
17 00
11 GO
36.50
31.50
53.35
50 SO
H
131
131
131
5^-38
Mean.
16.35
34.25
30.35
05.00
05-75
06.CXJ
05.58
Comfuiation. (GAttingen mean time.)
Mngiict Ea*t, 3 « = tq 01 .25
Magnet West, 3 w = 19 45.80
.Nlcan i<) 23. 52
II ~ 9 4 1 . 76
Time i»f ijeginning 7'' oS"*
Time of ending, p. m. 7 45
Mean
26
Temp. + 29 o Fahr.
Temp. -i-j3.o
(=H-3o.5
Log'ms.
I 9 69897
r^ 0.29073
Sin. « 0.22640
• 5 0.00000
9.31610
February 33, 1882. Magnet L,.^ deflecting at ri<>lit angles to Magnet
Sii suspended. Distance r~ 1.25 feet.
o
E.
\V.
E
W.
E.
Mean
W.
E.
W.
E.
W.
Mean
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
No.
A
H
1
Mean.
0 /
, 1
1
'4>
01.00 1
3
'39
43 75 :
5
"9
37.75 1
-^nzrr
140
07.17
7
'39
2' 75
9
•39
30.35
i
'39
21.00
A
B
Mean.
0 .
'
, 1
1
12t
12.S0 '
1 30
33.35 '
120
47 38 !
130
34-75
ISO
'6.50
ISO
'4-35 ;
1 30
18.5,
February 33, 1882. Magnet L|^ deflecting at right angles to Magnet
Sja suspended. Distance r = 1.33 feet.
i
Computation. (Gcittingen mean time.)
Magnet East, 3 r< =: rg 19.79
Magnet West, 3 /< = 19 02.50
Mean 19 1 1 . 1 1
u-<i 35 57
o
Time of beginning 7'' lo"" Temp. 4-32 o l^alir.
Time of ending, p. m, 7 42 , Temp. 4-4' 9
Mean
7 26
' = 36-95
Log'ms.
i 9-69897
»•' 0,29073
Sin. u 9.23179
I — ■ c. 00000
E.
W.
K.
W,
E.
Mean
W.
E.
W.
E.
W.
Mean
No.
Circle readings.
A
B
Mean.
0 /
,
1
1
.40
34-75
3
140
37.25
5
140
21.50
Circle readings.
No.
A
B
! ' •
I3t
131
Mean.
11.25
38.75
140
140
140
27.83_
39-50
38.25
6 I 13t
8 121
10 121
ijo 38.83
■5
35
12
35
13
50
'3
33
Computation. (GOttingen mean time.)
Magnet East, 2 k = 19 07,81
.\lagiiet West, 2 // — 19 2^.55
.Mean 19 16.69
"= 9 38- 3t
I
Time of besinning S** 08™ 1 Temp. — 4.0 Fahr.
Time of ending, p.m. 8 35 Temp. -f- 11 o
Log'ms.
\ 9.69897
r* 0.29073
Sin. » 9.33386
Mean
8 32
' = + 3-5
//
9 «I356
591
^LA
n\\i 'Hi'
! ;
\i >i
h II'
\u
'Ml'
592
THE LA.DY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Deflection.' with theodolite magnetometer — Continued.
March 16, 1882.
Magnet Lii deflecting at right angles to Magnet Sii
March 17, 1883. Magnet Lu deflecting at right angles to Magnet Sit
suspended. Distance r = 1.35 fe :t.
suspended. DisUnce <■ = 1 .35 feet.
.
1
1
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
Mmsnet.
1
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
B|
1
1
0
No.
A
It
Mean.
No.
A
U
Mean.
0 .No.
A
H
Mean.
No.
A
B
Mean.
0 '
,
,
0 /
/
/
t
0 /
,
,
» /
/
/
E.
I
140
03.00
E.
1
140
58-50
<
W.
2
120
56.00
W.
3 131
47-75
E.
.1
140
■ 2-75
K.
3
140
37-75
W.
4
I JO
49.50
U
W.
1
4 131
32-50
E.
Mean
5
140
16.75
1
'
v..
5
140
31.00
140
10.83
120 t 53.75
Mean
140
43.42
131
40.13
W
6 130 ' i 50.50
W.
6
lax
30.50
I
E.
7
140
43.00
1
%
E.
7
140
48-00
W.
8
130 52.50
4>
W.
8
lai
33 •'5
\s
E.
<)
140
51-75
is
E.
9
140 ;
iS.oo
W.
Mean
10
120 1
47.00
50.00
W.
1
10
lai
■5 75
140
47-38
.)
12a
Mean .,.
48.00
■ 31
■9-83
Comfutaiion. (GUttingen mean time
I ' Caiii/iHlation. (GiSttingen mean time.)
Magnet East, a
0 /
n= 19 18.08
LoR'ins.
Magnet East, a // = 19 02.30
Log'ms.
Maenet West, 3
Mean
" = 19 5738
i 9.69897
M.ignet West. 2 « = 19 38.17
* 9.69897 1
'9 37-73
H 0.2907.1
Mean 19 15.24
r^ 0.29073 :
u = 9 48.86
Sin. u 9.23161
/, = 9 37.62
Sin. w 9.23333 1
0
I — . 0.00000
0
I — __ 0.00000
Time of beginn
Time uf ending
ing lo"" IS"
Temp. + 30. 1 Fahr.
r'
Time (jf beginning 6'' 10"
Temp.- -37.0 Fahr.
Temp. -f- 41.0
r*
a. m. 10 43
Temp. + 24.5
lime of ending, a. in. 6 35
ni
Mean
10 38
'=+"-3
H
9.22131
met Sii
Mean
6 33
' =+39-0
-H «"^
March i3, 1882.
^ '^'net Lii deflecting at right angles to Mai
.\pril 21, 1882. Magnet Lij deflecting at right angles to Magnet Su
suspended. Distance y = 1.35 feet.
suspended. Distance r = 1.25 feet.
>J
■§
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
c.
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
^
■g
1 !
1
s
»
No.
A B Mean.
No.
A ; B Mein.
1 --
'A
No.| A
B
Mean.
No.
A
B
Mean.
0 /
/ /
0 /
1
/
1 0 '
/
,
0 /
,
/
E.
I
140
03.50
E.
1 «39
67.00
W.
-2
lai
55-50
t 1
i M
W.
3
120
38.00
«.
E.
1
140
4»-50
E.
.1 1 '39
52.25
u
W.
4
121
29.00
%V.
4
I30
36 -»5
E.
Mean
5
MO j 3»-75
43.35
!
i
E.
5
■39 1
53-00
140 1 25.93
121
Mean
■39
57 42
I30
37- ■»
YV-
1
6
131
■6-75
i
^.v- i
6
1 30
_. .
43 •»5
IS
E.
7 ; MO
57-50
s
,¥,■ ' '
■39
63.75
U
W.
8
131
13.00
1 .SI
w.
8
130
31.50
s:
E.
9 .40
SJ-75
1 !«
,?,• 9
'39
63.00
W.
Mean
(
1
10
131
17.50
'
w.
Mean
10
130
43.00
140 55.13
191 15.43
140
03.38
120
35 ■9a
Com/iutatiiin. (Gottingen mean time.)
Comfiitntion. (Giittingen mean time.)
Magnet East, a
« = 18 43.67
I-og'ms.
Magnet l-^ast, 2 k = 19 20.30
Log'ms.
Magnet West, 2
«= "9 39-70
i 9.69897
Magnet W est, 2 « = 19 26.46
1 9-69897
Mean
19 11.68
r* 0.29073
Mean 19 23.38
H 0.29073
»= 9 35-84
Sin. « 9.33200
1 — „ O.OOCXJ
"= 9 41-69
Sin. « 9.22634
I—--. 0.00000
1
i °
Time of beginn
Time of ending
ing 6' 13" Temp. + 37.0 Fahr.
Time of beginning 3*' 05"
Time of ending, p. m. 3 27
Temp. -1.5 Fahr.
r»
,a. ra. 6 37 Temp. 4- 340
— ■
Temp. + 3. 8
-
Mean
6 35 / = + 30.5
"ll 9-».-7o
! Mean 3 16
< = +o.65
;; 9. =■604
\ !
TOE LADY TRANKLIN BAY EXTEDITION.
593
DcJJfctions with theodolite magnetometer — Continued.
May ao, 1882.
Magnet Lu
deflecting at riglit angles to Magnet Sii
May :o, 1882.
Magnet F^is deflecting at right angles to Magnet Si«
suspended.
Distance >• = i .00 feet.
suspended. Distance r= 1.25 feet.
i
a
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
i
1
Circle readings. Circle reading!.
bfi
S
c
?^
0
No.
A
M
Mean. No.
1
A
B
Mean.
0
•A
No. A
11
Mean. No. A
n
Mean.
0 /
,
/
0 /
/
/
0 /
/
/
0 /
/
/
E.
I
■47
54-75
E.
I
'39
4I.."!o
^
W.
3
109
55 '35
^
W.
3 ' 130
47. «•
si
K.
.1
■47
52.00
3
E.
3
'39
28.7s
1
W.
4
109
58 50
U}
W.
4 . lao
40. 75
E.
Mean
S
148
58.00
E.
Mean
5
'.19
29.00
'
m8
14.92
109
56.88
139
33.08
120 1 43.88
W.
6 1 112
03.7s
W.
6
130 1
37-00
K.
7
■48
57.00
1
If,
E.
7 139
30-50
W.
8 ni
3325
u
W.
8
120
31.00
'f-
E.
9
M9
07.25
?
E.
9 139
09-75
W.
Mean
10
III
S3'»5
W.
Mean
10
119
48 -75
'49
o2.ia
HI
50.08
'39
20. 12
120
18.92
Commutation
(Guttingen mean time.)
ComfiitalioH. (GUttingcn mean lime.)
Magnet East, 2
0 /
« = )8 18.04
Log'ms.
Magnet East, 2w = i8 40.20
Log'ms.
Magnet West, a
Mean
» = 37 ia.04
i 9.69897
Magnet West, 3 w == 19 01 . 20
t 9.69897
37 4S.0+
Mean
18 55.30
r» 0.29073
« = 18 53.52
Sin. « 9.50989
« =: 9 27.60
Sin. u 9.21579
0
X — ,- 0.00000
0
1 — „ 0.00000
Time orbeeinn
Time of ending
ng 8' oa"
Temp. + 35.4 Fahr.
Temp. + 37.2
r*
Time of beeinn'
Time of ending
ng 8» 40™
Temp. + 37.2 Eahr.
Temp. + 37.0
>'
I>. m. 8 37
Mean
8 20
' = + 36.3
r^. 9=o886*
Mean
8 53
/= + 37.i
"Ij 920549'
May SI, 188J.I
Magnet I.ii
deflecting at right angles to Magnet Su
May 21, iSfia.t
Magnet I,i» deflecting at right angles to Magnet Si»
suspendec
. Distance >-= ij feet.
suspended. Distance r= ij feet.
•d
B
Circle 1
eadings.
Circle readings.
i
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
1*
^
«
No
A
1)
Mean.
No
A
\\ Mean.
p
No,
A
K
Me an.
No.
A
II
Mean.
S
'"'"
/
A
0 /
/
0 /
/
1
0 /
/
t
0 /
1
/
E.
I
MI
52.75
E.
I
'33
48.50
W.
2
119
40.35.
*j
W.
2
'35
59 00
;s
E.
.1
■4'
«J-50
(3
K.
3
'33
47-25
M
W.
4
118
44 -"S
w
W.
4
'35
32.50
E.
Mean
MI
39 -"5
E.
Mean
5
133
15-75
MI
5>.50
I '9
12.25
1 33
37 '7
135
40.75
W.
6 1 118
05.75
W.
'
6
"5 i
13.00
ffl
E.
7
MI
40.50
E.
7 133
04 -75
u
W.
8
117
53-25
4>
is
W.
8
"5
01.75
is
E.
1
■41
28.75
E.
9 '33
00.75
W.
Mean
10
117
55.50
W.
Mean
10
125
02 50
'41
34.62
117
58.17
133
02.75
'25
05-75
Cotttfufation
. (Gtittingcn mean time )
Compulation. (Giittingen mean time.)
Magnet East, a
u = 22 40 25
f
Log'ms
Magnet East,
3" = 7 56-43
Lng'ms.
Magnet West, a
Mcpn
u=%i 36.45
k 9-6()ii97
Magnet W est.
Mean
a« = 7 57.00
4 9.69897
r* 0.66555
23 08.35
;■» 0.20084
7 .iS-?!
»* = II 34.18
Sin. « 9.30224
« = 3 58-36
Sin. w 8.84061
P
1 °
I — , 0.00000
I — _ 0.00000
Time of beginn
ng St* 02™
Temp. + 12.0 Faiir.
>'
Time of beginn
Time of ending
ng S* 39"
Temp. 4- 38.1
r*
Time of ending
p. m. 3 28
1 Temp. + 3>;.i
p.m. 8 50
Temp. + 38.4
Mean
8 15
'= + 3505
" 9»0205
Mean
8 40
' = 38.35
;; 9205.3
*Mean of two determinations, 9.20718.
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 38
t A day of disturbance ; oscillations had to be given up.
594
m. ,!
ij ■.! :r .1
''■ ^''L^i
1i!|f
||
; :i 1
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Deflections with theodolite magnetometer — Continued.
June no, i88>. Magnet Lit deflecting at right angles to Magnet Sit
auspendeJ. Distance r =i\ feel.
June 20, i88a.
Magnet Lji deflecting at right angles to Magnet Sii
suspended. Distance r - i\ feet.
1
1
1
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
1
s
1
1
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
No.
A
B
Mean.
No.
A
B
Mean,
No.
I
3
5
A
B
Mean.
No.
A
B
Mean.
t
37-50
56,50
1
1
E.
W.
E.
W.
E.
-
3
5
0 /
140
140
140
/
/
58.50
57 -'S
61.25
2
4
0 /
"7
116
/
/
01.75
55 -a5
i
is
E.
W.
E.
W.
E.
Mean
W.
E.
W.
E.
W.
Mean
0 /
•33
«33
■33
/
40.00
49-75
46.00
3
4
0 /
135
125
/
Mean
140 S9 00
116
58-50
7
9
■33
45-35
135
47.00
W.
E.
W.
E.
W.
7
9
'41
36.50
>3So
«
8
10
"7
117
"7
30.70
34 '5
44.00
'33
«33
38-75
38.00
6
8
10
'35
'35
135
41.50
32 50
44,00
Mean
14" 1 25-00
"7
36-32
■33
38.38
125
39-33
ComtHiaiioH
• t
Magnet East, 2 « = 34 00.50
Magnet West, 2 « = 23 48.68
Mean 23 54 59
« = II 57.30
Time of beginning 8' 04"
Time of ending, p. m. 8 25
Mean 8 14
. (GUttingen mean time
1 °
Temp. + 45. 2 Fahr.
Temp. +49.0
' = + 47^
.)
Log ms.
i 9-69897
r* 0.20084
Sin. w 9.31627
^ •9-3.608 1
Magnet East,
Magnet West,
Mean
Time of beginn
Time of ending
Mean
Com/^utatioH
3M = 7 38.35
3«=7 59,05
7 58.65
" = 3 59-33
ing 81' 35"
p. m. 8 46
8 3«
(GUttingen mean time.)
Log'ms.
1 9-69897
1* 0.66555
Sin. u 8,84335
I-'" 0.00000
Temp. + 49,0 Fahr. ^
Temp. +50,3
. = + 49.65 it •'■'»*«'
June 21, 1882. Magnet Lit deflecting at right angles to Magnet Sit
suspended. Distance r— i) feet.
June 21, 1882.
Magnet Lit deflecting at right angles to Magnet Sit
suspended. Distance r= ij feet.
1
S
•0
a
u
1
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
1
6
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
No.
A
B
Mean.
No.
A
B
Mean.
No.
A
B
Mean.
NO.
A
B
Mean.
I
E
W.
E.
1
3
5
0 /
MI
■41
141
1
45.00
44 'S
35 50
3
4
6
8
10
0 /
"7
1'7
/
/
51.00
40.25
i
is
E.
W.
E.
W.
E.
Mean
W.
E.
W.
fv.
Mean
1
3
5
0 /
'33
■33
133
/
/
00.00
34.00
3'->5
2
4
0 /
125
•35
/
t
04-75
3«-50
Mean
141
4«-58
117
45.62
'33
18.42
'35
18.13
W.
E.
W.
B.
W.
7
9
'4'
'4«
31-75
12.25
117
"7
"7
3950
23-50
«4-75
7
9
'33
'33
00,75
27-50
6
8
10
12s
135
125
59-50
13. 00
39.50
Mean
'4"
33.00
"7
25.92
»33
14.13
'25
33-67
Computation
0 /
Magnet East, a « = 23 .*:5.96
Magnet West, 2u = -i, 56.08
Mean •>. j6.oa
« = ti 58.01
Time of beginning 8' o6»
(GUttingen mean time
0
Temp. + 53.0 Fahr.
Temp. + 58.0
)
Log'ms.
\ 9.69897
r* 0.30084
Sin. « 9.31669
i--o.<_
tn . ^ '
Magnet East,
Magnet West,
Mean
Time of beginn
Time of ending
Computation
0 /
1 w := 8 00. 30
2K = 7 40.45
7 50-38
« = 3 55- 19
ng a* 33"
(GUttingen mean time
0
Temp. + 58. c Fahr.
Temp. + 58.2
-)
Sin, »
m
Log'ms.
969897
0.66555
8.83480
0.00000
■ » 3a
. 0 50
M
ean
8 19
/
= +55-5
r, '
9.21050
W
ean
8 44
1
/ = 58-
77 t9, 19933
*Mean of the two sets, 9.31148.
t Mean of the two determinations, 9,30791.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Deflections with theodolite magnetometer— QoVi'CmviftiX.
June », 1883.
Magnet I.u ileflecting at right angles to Magnet Sii
September 3, 1882. Magnet I.u deflecting at right angles to Magnet
suspended. Distance »- = 1.35 feet.
bn suspended. Distance r — li feet.
%
Nocth end.
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
1
1
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
1
No.
A
R
Mean.
No.
A
B
Mean.
No.
A
B
Mean.
No.
A
B
Mean.
0 /
,
/
0 t
1
/
0 /
1
/
/
E.
I
•J8
03.50
E.
X
'4'
43 -»5
3
W.
E.
1
138
02.00
3
119
»7-75
1
W.
E.
3
M»
01.25
2
119
31.35
U
W.
4 "J
27.50
Id
W.
4
119
43.00
E.
Mean
5
138
31.35
1
E.
Mean
W.
5
143
'5-75
138
08.93
119
37.63
143
00.08
119
31.63
37.00
6
I. -9
43.00
6
119
^f.
E.
7
»J8
44 -so
t
E.
7
143
39-75
u
W.
8
119
36.00
W.
8
119
30.00
E.
9
■38 1
32-50
1$
E.
9
142
40.50
W.
Mean
10
119
26.75
W.
Mean
10
119
19.00
■38
38.50
119
34 -9"
143 40.13
119
38.67
CoMiputathn. (GUttingen mean time.)
Compulation. (GUttingen mean time.)
Magnet East, ax = 18 41.30
Log'ms.
Magnet East, 111 = 32 38.46
Log'ms.
Magnet West, j « = 19 03.58
Mean 18 5^.44
t 969897
r* 0.29073
Magnet West, 2« = 23 11.45
Mean 22 49.96
i 9.69897
r* 0.20084
M = 9 26.3a 1
Sin. X 9.31475
» = 11 34.98
Sin. It 9.30654
P
P
1 . o.ooeoo
1 °
I — . 0.00000
Time of beginn
Time ol ending
ng 9' 05"
Temp. + 58.3 Falir.
Temp. + 59.1
r*
Time of beginning 8' lo" Temp. + 49.5 l"ahr.
Time of ending, p. ra. 8 30 Temp. (-51.8
>'
Mean
9 M
/ = 5i>-<'S
yj. 9 ao445
Mean
8 20 / = 50.65
li
9.19635
Se[)tember <8, i
883. Magnet Lit deflecting at right angles to Magnet
October 17, 1881
. Magnet Ln deflecting at right an^-
to .ilagnetSii
Su suspended. Distance r = 1.35 feet.
suspended. Distance r = 1.35 feet.
i
Circle readings.
Ciicle readings.
1
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
1
t
u
a
t
0
55
No.
A
II
t
Mean.
No.
A
M
Mean.
A
z
No.
A
B
Mean.
No.
A
n
Mean.
0 /
0 /
/
0
0 r
/
/
0 /
E.
1
■38
15.00
E.
1
•39
18.00
J
W.
2
119
08.50
li
W.
2
119
55.25
1
E.
1
•38
06.50
»
E.
3
'39
21.25
W.
4
119
01.75
(d
W.
4
tao
09-75
E.
Mean
W.
5
138
02.50
1
E.
Mean
W.
5
139
i 15-75
138
08.00
119
05.12
»39 1 18.33
130
02.50
6
119
08.00
6
120
In
E.
7
.38
ofi.7S
«
E.
7 ' '39
04.25
W.
8
119
01.50
W.
8
I2Q
00.00
(S
E.
9
»37
55 "5
!t
E.
9 1 ■.!9
17.00
W.
10
118 1
45-00
W.
Mean
I
10
'20 1 1 25.00
Mean
138 1 01.00
118
58. i7
139 j 10.63
120 13,33
Comfuiation, (Uiittingen mean time.)
Computation. (GUttingen mean t,me.)
Magiiet Cast,
3U = 19 03.88
Log'ms.
Magnet F.ast,
2« = ly 15.83
Log'ms.
Magnet West,
3M = 19 03.83
4 969897
r* 0.29073
Magnet West,
2K= 18 57.29
\ 9-69897
Mean
19 02.86
Mean
19 06.56
H 0.29073
«= 9 51.43
Sin. M 9-23349
«= 9 33-»8
Sin. « 9.32008
0
P
I — ~. 0.00000
0
1 •' 0.
Time of beeini
Tim« of enuing
ling 8» 10"
Temp. + 39.5 Fahr.
Time of bcgini
ing 8'' lo"
Temp, f -.5.1 Fahr.
r'
f^ p. m. 8 40
Temp. +39.1
Time of enditig
, p. m. 8 36
Temp. -f 33.3
Mean
8 25
/ = + 39.3
;; 0.233.9
1 Mean
8 33
( = -f 18.7
;; *9»o978
* Sea second set.
595
1
■ I
596
THE LADY FUANKLIN aAY JiXPEDITION.
Deflections with theodolite magnetometer — Contlnuedi
October 17, iiSa. MaRiict L
It dcflcctinK at rlfilit angle)! to Magnet Sn
November 3, 1883.
Magnet LudeHcrting at right angles to Hag
■uspendeil
Distance r - i] feet.
Sii auaiHindud. Dislanc* r = ii feet.
i
1
i
'A
Circle readings.
Ctrclo raadinga.
1
Clrolo roKlings, Circle readings.
No
A
0 1
B
Mean.
1
No.
A
B
Mean.
No.
A
0 /
B
Mean. No.
_ 1
0 /
B
/
M. ..
0 /
v..
1
>3J
48.0.
E.
1
'43
04. as ,
1
«'.
3
'as
55.50
t
W.
1 a 1 119
t--5
E.
.1
133
50.50
S
E.
,)
14a
33 c->
1
IV-
' 4
i.«
55 50
W.
1 4 1 "9
10. as
K. 1 5
'33
■;;
5».71 1 1
45- 50
E,
S
143
39.50
Mear
"5
.ilean
143
4».a5
119
'7.as
«'.
1 1 (! 1 ia6
05.00
W. 1
6 1 119
'9-75
**
K. 7
'33
1 !•: ;■'/ .
i
E. 7
143
45.00
u
W.
ia6
c6.oo
W.
1
8 1 119
33. ou
iS
K 9 ; .3,
\ '1 •< ,
*
B. ' 9
14a
44-»5
1
w. 1
10 1 : ■'
11.50
W. 1
.___ _L___
10 1 119
13.50
Mean
'34
01.00
1(6
07.50
Mem
143 44,63
119
18.08
Com/'utah't>n
. (GiUtingen iiiL-an time.)
1
Citf/r/uiitf/i'ft
- (Gliltlngcn mean time.)
Maynet Kast, 9 w ~ 7 54-93
I-og'ns.
Magnet Ka,st, a k = 33 aj.ix)
1,,0^'ms.
Magnet V\ est, 3« =7 53.50
Mean 7 54.21
i 9.69817
Magnet West, a « — 33 36 . 54
mean -i^ 25.77
* 9.M97
r" 0.6655.
r* o.2<«j84
u~z 57 'o
Sin. u 8.83831
J - ''- 0.00000 i
«;= It 43.88
Sin. u 9.3"758
1— . O.iXtOOO
f •
0
Time of IjcKinninff Z^ i6»
Temp. -aa. 1 Falir.
Temp. -- 33.0
>■»
Time ..' lieRinnlng 8' 10"
Tem|). + ^o.9 Fahr.
r»
Time of eiidinK, p. m. 8 55
Time of 'ind.ng.p.m. 8 a8
lemp. + 34.a
—
Mean
8 46
8a. Mairnet
/=+a7..s
"If •s-'o'Sa
Dccc
it-un 8 19
'=+ja.55
- t9. 30739
November a, 18
L|« deflecting at right angles to Magnet
mber 5, i88a. Magnet L„ deflecting at right angles to Magnet
S|| Buspende
d. Distance r = ij feet.
S|| suspended. Distance r ~ 1.35 feet.
i
s
Circle
readings. Circle readings.
i
•d
8
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
^
K
1 1
tf
c
0
^
B 1 Mean. iNo.
1 1
A
B
Mean.
s
i^
No.
A
u
Mean.
No.
A
H
Mean.
E.
1
e /
'34
/
38.75
0 /
/
/
1
E.
X
0 /
'39
.'
30.00
0 /
/
f
l;i
^v.
3
ia6
37 -so
a
W.
3
130
34.75
S
K.
.1
■34
37 50
;2
E.
,3
'39
31.00
W.
4
ia6
38.«S
W.
4
120
40.35
E.
5
'34
41. as
K.
5
'39
a4-5o
Mean
13. i 39- '7
la6
37.88
Mean
'39
38.50
120
37.50
W.
6
laA
35 -as
W.
6
lao
»3.7S
**
E.
7
'34
as. so
:i
E.
7
'39
40.35
V
W.
8
ia6
ai.oo
,"
W.
8
i?o
38.00
?
K.
W.
'
'34
a4.-'5
10
126
1
aB.75 !
is
E.
W.
9
'39
33-75
10
I30
'3-75
Mean
134 1 »4.88
ia6
a8.33 .
Mean
'39
37-00
120
21-83
Commutation
(Giittingen mean time.)
(
Comfutation. (Giittingen mean time.)
Magnet East, "2 h — % 01. 21^
!
Log ms.
Magnet East, aw = 18 51.00
Log'ms.
Magnet West, 2« = 7 56.55
Mean 7 58.92
1 9-69897
Magnet West, a « = 19 15. 17
i 9-69897
r^ 0.66555
Mean 19 03.08
r' 0.29073
u- I 594^
Sin. // 8.84361
"= 9 .i'-54
Sin. u 9.31877
0
.-'■ 0.00000
1
I — J o.oooco
Time of beRinning 8'' 28"'
Temp. - H-a Kahr.
Temp. --37.3
;■*
Time ol" beginning s* 10" i Temp. -f 33.0 Kahr.
r"
Time of ending,!), m. 8 44
Time of ending, p. m. 3 33 | Temp. +44.'
'"
Mean 8 36
' = 4- 35-75
J, t9.ao7.3
1
Mean
3 aa
/= +38.05
■^ 9."o847
• Mean of the two sets, 9.30630.
t See second set.
t Mean of the two sets, 9.30736.
i ',
TIIK LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Deflections with theodolite magnetometer — Continued.
597
April 1, 1883, Magnet Lii Heflcrting at riKht anglea to Magnet Sii
suspendcu. Distance r = \.i% (eet.
s
o
'A
E.
\V.
K.
\V.
E.
Circle readings. i firclc readinK'^.
No.
A
e /
■
•39
3
'39
5
'39
Mean
W.
K.
W.
E.
W.
Mean
'39
no
140
Menn. No
45 -'S
43.115
45-a5
OS- "5
11.25
8 12a
08.35
ComputatioH. (GHitingen mean time.)
Magnet East, a « = 18 43.35
Mngnst West, a « = K) 11.75
Mean -3 57.50
«= 9 28.75
Time of beginning \^ 10"
Time ot ending, a. m. i 30
Mean i 20
MeRn.
oa.oo
00.00
01 .00
53 '75
52.50
03.35
July 5, 1883. Magnet I eflec'ing at right angles .0 Magnet S12
suspsn DiUancc r — 1.25 feet.
56.50
Temp. 4-44.6 Fanr.
Temp. -f 45. i
/ = +44.8,
'^og ms.
i. 9-69897
0.29073
i^.'- M Q. 21666
. 0.00000
Mean
W.
E.
W.
E.
W.
Mean
-«
V 'i cV '
u
■g
"7
'A
No.
A
0 1
E.
I
m
W.
K.
1
'37
W.
E.
5
■38
B Mean.
«37
7 : '3
9 '38
I
43 75
57-25
03.25
54-75
27.25
35-75
'38 I 3' 50
Circle readings.
No. A B Mean
"9
"9
12.00
28.35
119
"9
10 . Ilq
30. 13
17.35
36.35
37-75
27.08
Computation. (Giitlingen menn time.)
//
9.20636
Magnet East, 2 u = 18 ^14. 63
Magnet West,3w= 19 04.42
Mean 18 49.52
u — 9 24 . 76
Time of beginning 8'' i6"
Time uf ending, p. m. 8 40
Mean
8 28
Temp. -[-50.0 Fahr.
Temp. -|- 52. 3
' = 5'-'5
I^og'ms.
9.69897
0.29073
Sin. » 9.21364
4
II
9.20334
August 8, 18S3. Magnet Lis deflecting at right angles to Magnet S|« |
suspended. Distance r= 1} feet.
*i
-a
s
Circle readings.
Circle readings.
c
0
'A
No.
A
B
Mean.
No.
A
B
Mean.
0 /
/
I
0 /
/
/
E.
I
■40 «3-S
24.0
23-75
3
3
121 22.0
22.0
22.00
E.
W.
3
140 19.5
'9-5
19.50
4
121 22.5
23.0
22-75
E.
Mean
W.
5
140 18.0 i 18.0
18. oo
140
20.43
12£
32.38
45-75
6
121 45.5
46.0
1
E.
W.
7
140 58.0 58.0
58.00
8
'21 52.5
52-5
52 -SO
w.
Mean
y
140 32.0 32.0
33.00
10
121 18.0
18.0
18.00
140
45.00
121
38.75
Computation, (Gottingen mean time.)
Mngnei East, 2
« = i8 58.04
I-og'ms.
Magnet West, 2
Mean
u = ig 06.25
1902.15
4 9-69897
t* 0.29073
" = 9 3' .07
Sin. u 9.31841
I — .. 0.00000
0
Time of bceinn
Time ot ending
mg 81' 45"
Temp. 45.2 Fahr.
r»
a. ni. g 06
Temp. 45.6
Mean
B 56
' = 45-4
"1^ 9.208.1
m
: it
I
il
!:
598
O'nE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPKDITIOy.
RECORD OP OSCILLATIONS AND COMPUTATION OF HORIZONTAL FORCE.
Sergeant E. Israki., Ofisfnrr.
[September i6, 1881. Station, Fort Conner, Grlnncll (.anil. Instrument. MaKnetomcter No.
dally rate gaining j.j' on mean time.]
11. Magnet Lii suspeniiod. Chronometer (?) I
Number
of OBcllla-
tloni.
16
'4
3>
4"
48
96
104
iia
130
138
136
Chronometer
Temp.
(Kahr.)
Extreme sialo
time.
reaillnti>>. j
i. m. 1,
•
>i .11 53.4
«7.o
.5.8
aj.4
3» 54-5
33 55.3
34 5<.7
33 58.6
37 00.0
38 01.0
95.0
17.0
31.8
44 U6
45 "6-4
46 16,0
47 18. a
48 20.5
49 2J 0
33 0
.8.3
31.0
Meana
aS.o
lillationa.
ao.3
31.9
30.7
31.5
31.9
33. 0
13 91.37
Coeflicient of toraloii.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
Differ,
ences.
Mean j'=8.3i
\'alue of one
scale-iiivisiiin
--a. 737'.
r'=33.5
5400'+?''
5400 (ar. CO.)
1+
/
Logarithms,
3.73430
6.36761
Computation.
7i=.r'»(.+ *)(i-(/'-/)ir)
J.
Observed lime of g6iisciliatlons = 741 -37
Time of one osclilatiun = 7.7336
Correction for rate = — 0.0005
r>-
7.7331
I' - 1
0.C0030
+50
Logarithms.
0,88774
-f 0.00150
0.99850
mil —
nK\r
»« — 0.1841
//= 1.133
Induction (Bu|i-
posed).
r»
(ar, CO.)/""
IT*
M
,,,/r
m
'•77548
0,00181
9 •99935
0.00030
1,77684
8.33(16
0.99430
0.09739
93'48s
9,36494
0.04991
• Observations of deflections : September 16, 3'' 38" p. m., Washington
time. Temperature, < = -f 90,0" Fahr.
//
mil
«i*
Logarithms.
9.91503
0-3M85
8.59987
9.36494
[September 18, 1881. Magnet Lii suspended. Sidereal chronometer No. 198 ; daily rate gaining 3" 59* on mean time.]
Number
of oscilla-
tions.
16
94
3»
40
80
88
96
104
Chronometer
Temp.
(Fahr.)
Extreme scale
time.
readings.
h, in. X.
e
9 48 18.0
19.0
15.8
33.4
49 W^"
50 20.4
51 21.0
59 32 7
53 »44
19.0
17.0
31.8
58 39.7
10 00 30.0
01 30.5
09 30.4
03 3'^6
18.0
18.3
31. 0
Means
18.7
dilations.
10
II. 7
09.6
09-5
07.7
07.2
Coefficient of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
Differ-
i ences.
\*alue (if one
scale-divisiun
= '•737'-
Mean j'=6.8o
r'' = i8.6'
5400'+?''
5400 ynx. CO.)
1+
/
Logarithms.
3 73389
6.26761
0.00150
Computation.
t.
Observed time of 8a oscillations •= 609. 14
Time of one osciliation = 7.6143
Correction for rale =:^ 0.0308
7" =
7 5935
1
f -t
(l'-t)q
i-(/'-/)jr
t. 00030
1.00034
»(//=
■n
W/:=0.l871
//= 1 . 140
7''t
Induction.
T%
(ar. co.)7-«
»•
M
mH
m
H
Logarithms.
c. 88044
1.76088
0.00150
0.00010
o 00020
I . 76268
8.23732
0.99430
0.09739
9.32901
9.97904
0.05697
' Observations of deflections : September 18, 9* 26'" p. m., GUttlngen
time. Temperature, /=" + 19.5° Fahr.
//
mil
Logarithms.
9.91507
9.39901
8.54408
9.37904
1.77684
8.a3)i6
0.91)430
0.09739
9-3M85
9.36494
5.31485
8.52987
9.26494
.76088
0.00010
O 00020
1.76268
8.23732
0.09430
0.09739
9.32901
9.27204
0.05697
n.,C
JUtlingen
9.32901
8.54408
9.27204
THK I.ADY FRANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
Record of oscillatiom and computiUion of horizontal /one— (ZQX\\SxwxtCi.
[Novembir 10, 1881. .Magnet I.it luiipeniled. Sidereal chronnmeler No. 198 ; dally rate gaining 3" 39* on mean time.]
Number
of oacllla-
Uooi.
Chronon
lime
neter
t.
58.0
30. 1
31.6
'J'
Si
Temp,
(Fa'hr.>
1
Kxtrume scale
readings.
Time iif 800s-
clllatloni.
Computation.
0
8
ifi
•4
3»
40
lo
88
96
104
III
lao
h. m.
12 39
4'
42
41
44
45
•
-16.0
-n.o
— la.o
27.0
96.1
23.0
36.0
39.0
395
M. /.
10 16.9
16.3
16.7
16 6
16 7
16.8
Observed time of 80 okc illations -> 616.67
Time of one (iscillation — 77084
Corriction for rate =— o.osii
7"=s 7-«873
50 14.9
51 16.4
52 18. J
53 '97
54 2' -5
55 23.0
t-d'-nt
0.00030
+5.55
V
■pt
l-(t'-l)^
Induction.
7-1
(ar. CO.) ■/•«
M
mil
m
//
Logarithms,
0.88577
'■77'55
0.00053
9.9.(928
0.00020
-4-0.00166
Means
-ni
to 16.67
0.99834
Value (if one
scale-division
= 2.737'.
Logarithms.
_„ w'Af
;«"o.i856
^-1.125
«.77>56
8.22844
0.99430
0.09715
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
Differ-
ences.
9.31989
9. 268 58
I/':=.6.6'
5400' + r'
5400 (ar. CO.)
3 73292
6.26761
0.05131
'Observations of de6ectlons: November 10. 8' 38" p. m., Uiittingcn
time. Temperature, / = — 19.25" Vahr.
*«
71
mil
Logarithms.
9.21726
9.31989
0.00053
Mean i'=2.4i
m
8 537'5
9.26858
[November 21, 1881. Magnet I.ji suspended. Sideieal chronometer No. 198 ; daily rate gaining 3' 59' on mean time.]
Number
of oscllkt-
tions.
S
16
24
32
40
96
104
112
120
Chronometer
Temp.
(Fahr.)
•
Extreme scale
time.
readings.
A. m, s.
■2 40 33.5
-25.0
330
42.0
41 34.0
42 36.0
43 390
44 41.7
45 427
— 32.0
25.0
41.2
SO 55-8
51 57.9
53 00.5
54 02.7
55 05.0
56 07.0
— 20.0
27 4
38.7
Means
-32.3
Time of 80 os-
cillations.
Computation.
23.3
33.9
24.5
23.7
23-3
24-3
93.67
Coefficient of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
DilTer-
ences.
Value of one
scale-division
= 2.737'.
Mean v=^o.6g
r'' = t.9'
5400' 4- »'
5400 (ar. CO.)
1 +
/
Logarithms.
373255
6.26761
Observed time of 80 osclllations=: 623.67
Time of one oscillation ^ 77959
Coirection for rate — — 0.0214
T'=:
7-7745
V
t' -t
0.00030
-1-55
-0.00046
1.00046
mil-.
wr=o.i824
//=l.ll8
I - W- t) g
Induction.
7»
(ar. CO.) T*
.)/
mil
m
H
Logarithms.
0.89067
1.78134
0.00016
0.00020
0.00U20
I. 78190
8.21810
0.99430
0.09715
9 30955
9.26107
0.04848
* Observations of deBections: November 21, 7' jj" p. n:., GUttingen
time. Temperature, / = — 20.75" ^ahr.
//
mH
Logarithms.
9.31259
8.52214
9.96107
599
000
TIIK LADY FIIANKF.IN RAY KXPEDITION.
Record of oicUUitiimt and compiitii/ion of horizontal fotct — Continued,
[D«ccmh<r lu, 1881. MuKni-t 1. 11 !iuii|)en<lcil, SliltrctI chro.iomeler No. i^B; dully rate gaining j' 59' on mean time]
: :;!
I i. '■
t' I
Number
of UKCllU-
tloni.
16
"4
3»
40
0«
104
Coefficient of toralon.
Tore.
circle.
Scale.
Me>n.
Differ-
ence!.
Mean »■= i.io
Chronnmetcr
Temp,
(fa'hr.)
Katrem
lime.
readi
h, t». t.
•
1 s6 40 0
-'5-5
11.0
57 4J 0
58 44.0
5) 4*0
3 00 490
oi 51.0
-jj.j-
ai a
07 15,0
08 1; a
09 19.0
10 91. 0
II 93.5
11 94 5
— ai.o
J7.0
Mcana
-«3.o
38.0
Value of one
hcale-divisicn
-■'■in'-
r' = 3.6'
5400' + r>'
S400 (ar. CO.)
1 +
/
Time of Soua-
clllatlona.
.15 "
34 o
35 o
35.0
31 5
33'5
10 34.33
Logarithm!).
3.73368
6.36761
0.00039
Computation.
t,
Ot>Mr%'c(l lime of 80 oacillatlona 3 0.14.31
Time of one onclllatliin ^ 7.9i9t
Corrci'lion for rale = — 0.0318
T> m 7.9073
f
I' -I
-U'-I)f
n. QUO to
+ 3.0
4o.ixx)6o
mf/i
w*»f
n
>« = 0.1797
T't
"■^
!-(!'- I) f
Induction.
yi
(iir. CO.) y«
»•
ar
mir
m
II
I.ngariihma.
o.8<j8(}t
«. 71)605
0.00039
9 1CW74
0.UU030
I.7963S
8.30373
o.g<)43o
O.Otj7l3
9.31)514
9 »j4*4
'Observatlunn of deHcctlona: December 30, 6' 33" p. m.,GI)ttlnKen
time. Temperature, / = — 35.0' Kahr.
•m
If
mH
m*
tn
I.ogarUhn)9.
9.31413
9.39514
8.50937
9. a ■54^4
[February ai, 1881. Magnet Lu suspended. Sidereal chronometer No. 198 ; daily rate gaining a" 59' on mean time.]
i Ji
Number
ol oscilla-
tions.
8
16
34
33
40
80
88
96
104
Chrono
meter
time.
h. nt.
J.
Mi
"5
14.9
%
17.0
19 5
, '«
31.4
0 00
aj.6
05
06
36.4
38.5
07
08
40.9
41. 4
0.)
10
45-7
48.1
Means
Temp.
/'
(Fahr.)
+ 33 5
3J.a
J3^
33 a
Coefficient of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
Di (Ter-
ences.
Mean r = 1.16
Extreme scale Time of 8.) os-
reaiiings. ciilatiuns.
as. 8
as. 9
38.1
39.0
35.8
Value of one
scale-division
= 3.737'.
v' = 3.3'
5400' + v'
5400 (ar. CO.)
1 +
/
»3 9
93.0
33.9
33. 9
'43
»4.S
10 24.03
Logarithms.
3-73265
6.36761
0.00036
Computation.
Observed time of 80 oscillations = 634.03
Time of one oscillation = 7.K003
Correction for rate » — 0.0314
r =
7.7788
t'-t
(f-t)q
0.00030
+ 2.7
-f-o. 00081
o.599ig
r/// =
n
m = 0.1839
// = X . 1 1 4
Induction.
T*
(ar. CO.) 7"«
M
mlf
m
If
Logarithms.
0.89091
1.7B183
0.00036
9.99965
I. 78193
8.31807
0.99430
0.09745
9.30983
9 . a63(;6
0.04686
•Observations of deflections: February 31, 1^ 36" p. m.,UUtttngen
time. Temperature, /= + 30.5° Kahr.
Logarithms.
9.31610
9.3098a
8.5359a
9 . 36396
TUK LADY FKANKLIN MAY KXPEDITION.
001
Jivcord of osiilliitioiis iimi computiUion 0/ horhontal fvnr—V owimwinX,
[Kebfiiary tt, iHSj. MiikiicI I.u •usiiiiiiUil. Slitircal chniiiuiiictcr No. ic;a ; iliiily rule Kuliiiii)) j"' ;/ un mean tlmc.|
o?r!;i:. «'"---ur '-v
liiMiH. «""•• ' (Knhri
■
, - .. +37.0
16
3« I . -
¥> ■»» "■* 3»-4
go
104
h. III.
J.
5 44
00,9
4S
03.8
46
47
08 1
48
10. b
49
11. <
54
»5 7
\l
J.) 5
3».o
57
JJ ■>
58
3*5
59
3g.o
Means
Kxtn-inc ncal© 'iime uf Huu»-
rvatlinun. cilUlloni.
15.1
40,0
"38-5
18 5
11.4
ifi.
J.
34'9
3».i
•9.1
10
»4.8
j6 1
16. a
•6,9
•9 9
.6.4
10
•6,05
Ton.
circle.
CMfliclvnt of
Scale.
ti>rsiun.
Mmh,
Dltfer-
encei.
i
lean t'=
••45
Value "(one i
scule-ilivislon I.ogarlthini.
= a-737'.
5400' + ''
5400 (ar. CO.)
3.7197a
6.26761
il-
7
ruiii|iulutlon.
oliserveit tlmenf BoiiHilllalliinn
Tline nf one ns< illutlun
( orricllcm (i)r ralu
T'--
«j6.o9
7.8»56
— 0.0919
1 7.lo««
/' -/
I -U' -')</
mH
o.oaoyi
+1.55
4-0.0111*46
o.*W54
lif = o. 1816
//=l.ii6
' ^'
liiiluctlun.
•/•I
(«r. 10.) /■»
M
mil
III
II
Lognrlthma.
o.B^ija
1.78464
0.00033
<).i)'W8o
U.OUOJO
»• 78497
8.aMot
o.i)>MJo
0.09749
9.3u68a
9.351,16
O.U4766
♦Obacrvatlons of {IcIKclinnK: ""Ijruary ii, 7'' iff 11. ni., ()littiii|;en
'" "anr.
time, 'reniperature, . - f 36.1)5° Kah
mil
1.0K«rltlims.
9-a"49
g . 30683
8.51S31
9.35916
[Kebruary 93, 188a. Magnet l.ii suspended. Sidereal chronometer No. 198 ; daily rate gaining 3'" 59* on mean time]
16
»4
3"
40
9«
104
rhronomeler I'"-'";'!'' 1 Kxtreme scale 1 Time of 800s.
ti.n.. I ' r.in . I i 11 iro <.! I III t i i .n u
m.
5"
5>
5a
53
54
55
38.5
3" -7
3'.5
.14 7
36 -5
38.5
7 00
48.5
so. 7
53.0
555
57-3
595
Means
(Kalir.)
I 15.0
readings.
16.6
+ ■7-3
9.1
98,0
38.8
34.1
cillutions.
90.0
90.0
90.5
9U.8
90. 8
91 .0
CoefRcient of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
Differ-
ences.
Mean 11=4.36
\*nlueof one
scait-ilivision
= 3.737'.
Logarithms.
5^oo'-f^'' I
5400 (ar. c ..) !
3.73335
(. . 3676 1
0.0J096
('omputati<in.
Observed time of 80 nsciilations — 630. 59
Time (it one oscitialion = 7-7565
Correction for rate =» — 0.0313
r'=
7-735'
I' -I
l-(l'-l)l
0.00030
+13-8
-|- 0.00414
0.99586
«;//:-
ir»,1/
w = o.i838
//= 1. 134
■/■It
■+>
Induction.
'!■■>
(iir. <o.> n
M
mil
III
H
Logarithms.
0.88847
"■77694
o.ooo.)6
9.99830
0.00020
1.77630
8.93370
0.99430
0.09730
9-J>.i30
9.36443
0.05087
* Obse vtttions of dellections : February 33,8' 99" p. m., Glittlngen
time. Temperature, / ^ -|- 3.5° Kahr.
Logarithms.
9.21356
8.53886
9.36443
:!•!
I i ■:
r i
I
602
THE LADY li'RANKLlK BAY EXPEDITIOif.
Record '^f oscillations and computation of horizontal force — Continued.
[Mtrcli i6, 1882. Magnet L13 suspended. Sidereal clironoincter .\o. 198 ; daily rate gaining 3'" 59' on mean time.]
Number
of oscilla-
tions.
Chronometer
time.
Temp.
/'
(Kalir.)
Extreme scale
readings.
Time of 80 ns-
cillatiuns.
Computation.
« . f 0
-•0 0
c <" ?
° i. '*
■-■9 3"
10 18
>>)
90
11
52.0
51 9
58.5
00.5
+ 21.8
34.3
26.5
9.0
■ 5-9
17.0
34->
29.9
25.0
«». J.
10 31.0
30.8
.10-5
3" -4
'05 0)
Observeil time of 800
Time of one oscilhitioi
Correction for rate
s.
icillatir.is = 631.36
= 7 . 8920
= — 0.0217
1} 01.5
34 04.5
y'= 7.8703
•S-6
.2 £
r 80
83
96
104
39 a.io
30 '5-7
31 29.0
32 3'<)
33 35-6
34 39-5
Means
0.00030
+ ..9
r>
■fit
-';
I -(/'-/» V
Induction.
r%
(ar. CO.) y«
it"
il/
mil
m
11
Logarithms.
0.89599
1.79198
0.00055
9-99975
0.00020
(5 " I. no
+0.00057
+34.3
10 31.36
0-99943
Coefficient of torsion.
Value of one
scale-ilivision
= 3.737'.
Logarithms.
3 73294
6.26761
HI =0.1831
//= 1.094
1.79248
8.20753
0.99430
0.09740
9.29923
9.36036
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
Differ-
ences.
r.' = «.8'
5400' + t'
5400 (ar. CO )
0.03896
•Observations of deflections: .March 16, lo' 28'" a. ni.,G(ittingen time.
Temperature, / = + 33.3° Kahr.
»«<
Jf
mil
Logarithms.
9.23131
9.39922
E. 52053
9.36026
0.00055
Meant' = 2.48
•
<«'
in
> Excluded.
[March 17. iSSa. Magne* Lia suspended. Sidereal chronometer \n, n^s ; daily rate gaining 3"* 59* 011 mean time.]
Number
of oscilla-
tions.
Chronometer
time.
(
Temp.
Fahr.)
Extreme scale
readings.
Time of 80 os-
cillations.
Computatioji.
0
a
16
3t
32
40
80
88
96
104
112
lao
h. It', s.
b 58 I5-I
59 ■7-8
6 00 20.0
01 33.0
02 25,5
03 »7.9
0
41.0
14 0
■ 7-8
32.0
2f,.0
39-9
36-3
35-1
38.3
in, s.
10 25.2
24 3
24.2
335
2! 5
33.6
Observed time of 800
Time of one oscillalior
Correction for rate
s.
scillations = 624.05
= 7.8006
= — 0.0314
41.0
41.0
''"= 7-7792
Logarithms.
0.89093
I. 78166
0.00039
9-99974
0.00030
1.78319
8.21781
0.99430
0.09751
08 403
a) 42.1
10 44 2
11 46.5
13 49.0
13 51-5
0.00030
+ 2.0
r
-/•'«
I -(/'-/) ?
Induction.
7-1
(ar. CO.) n
ir'
M
mil
in
If
U'-fi'l
-f-o. 00060
Means
41.0
10 34.05
0.99940
Tors,
circle.
CoeOliient o. torsion
Sialc. Mean.
DilTcr-
ences.
\'alue »»f one
scale-division
= 2.737'.
Logarithms.
w; = 0.1825
//=i.ii8
9.30962
9.26132
r.' = 4.R'.
5400' -f r-
5400 iar. CO.)
3-73278
6.26761
0.00039
0.04830
•Observations of dctlcctioiis: .Mardi 17, 6'' 11"* a. m., (iiitlingen time.
I"cin|ierature, /— -^ 39.0'^ Kalir.
•wf
mil
Logarithms.
9.21J03
9.30963
8.52264
9.36132
Mean!'= 1.75
1H
Li-
(The lady pkanklin bay expedition.
(503
Record of oscillations and computation of horizontal force — Continuetl.
[March i8, -.88a. Magnet Lu suspcnilcd. Sidereal chronometer No. 198 ; daily rate gaining 31" 59" on mean time.]
„'?""'^,?; ; Chronometer ''"''V'- , Extreme scale TimeofSoos-
16
24
32
40
78
86
94
104
113
lan
6 02 36 5 +37.0
03 28.7
o( 31,3
05 33 9
06 36 5
07 38.8 36.0
13 37,0
•3 390
'4 41.5
15 59 o
17 01.0
iS 03. 5
Means
35-9
3a-5
36.0
-f-15-'' ) 10 36. 1
4-15.6 > 3f, n
-t-iS-f'} =5-9
35.1
»4.S
"3 7
Coefticicnt of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mc'in.
Oiffer-
Mean r—a.si
\'alue of one
scale-division
=^-3.737'.
I.ogaritliu.s.
v' ^-6.9'
5400' + v'
5lot. (ar. CO.)
3-73295
6.36761
0.00056
f'ompulalion.
Oliscrved time of 8.1 oscillations
Time of one oscillation
Correction for rate -
■/•'-=
s.
633 . 20
7.8150
o.oai4
7-7936
'Observations of deflections: March 18, 6* 35™ a. m., (Jlittingcn time.
Temperature,/ - + 3°-5° I'ahr.
//
mil
Logarithms.
9.31170
9.30838
8.51998
9.35999
u
[.\pril 21, 1882. Magnet I.i-j suspended. Siilereal chronometer No. 198; dail\' rate gaining 3'" s^' on iiieun tiLiicJ
Numlier
of oscilla-
tions.
16
25
33
4<
80
88
96
105
"3
131
Chronometer 1
time.
h.
m.
J.
5
32
40.5
33
43,9
34
45.0
35
57 3
37
00. 1
38
03.1
43
03 0
44
05 5
45
09 5
46
32.5
47
25-4
48 38.0
Means
Temp.
I'
(Fahr.)
+ 3.2
Extreme scale
readings.
22 8
3J-'
28.1
38.7
273
42.6
Time of" 80 os-
cillations.
CocfTicieii*. of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
DUrer-
ences.
Mean r/— 0.48
^'aIue of one
scale-division
- 2.737'.
54'«>' H •■■
5(1X1 (ar. CO.)
■ +
/
10 33.5
23.6
24 5
25.2
35.3
34.9
10 34.17
l-ogaritlims.
3 • 7325"
6.36761
Computation.
Observed time of 8.1 oscillations
Time of une osiillation
Correction tor rate -
624.17
7.a<,2i
- 0.0214
7.7807
(/' -l)q
■ -(/'-/)?
o.(.xx)30
+2.55
+0.000765
0.99934
-///
■/■■>
;« =1:0.1831
//-l.tl4
I - (/' - n ,,
induction.
(ar. 1-0.1 / ■'
.1/
mil
I.ogaritlims.
0.89103
1 . 78204
o.oooil
9, 1)9967
0.00030
1 . 78303
8.31798
0.99430
0.119727
9-. 10955
9.26380
0.04675
'Oliservalions of dclU-cli'ins: A|iril3i,3'' 16'" p. in., (i<itiiri)<cn lime.
Temperature,/ -1-0.65° Kalir.
//
mil
Logarithms,
9.31604
9 30955
8.52559
9.36280
604
TUB LADY FllANKLi:^ HAY EXPEDITIOK.
Record of oscillations and compntatim of horizontal force — Continued.
[May ao, 1882. Magnet l.ij suspended. Mcim-tinie clironoinetcr No.
daily rate losin}^ u.6* on mean time.]
m ,ji)it
o^oscilli- <hronometerl
Temp.
/'
(Fahr.)
Extreme scale
tS. 1 '""«• i
readings.
//. m. s. j
.
0 , 3 24 22.8 1
37.2
M-3
39.1
8 \ 25 24.6
16 26 35.4 j
»5
27 36.1
a,
28 37.4
41
80
29 .39-4
37-0
15.0
34.0
34 44 4
83
35 44-9
96
36 46.6
105
37 55 -o
"3
38 5«i-4
1^1
39 59 a
37 0
II. 8
19.0
Means
37-1
Coefficient of torsion.
N'alue of nne
scale-divisiiui
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean
Differ-
ences.
— 2.737'.
5400' -f !•.'
5^oo (^ar. co.)
■+4-
J
Mean I--— 2.52
Time of So os-
j cillalions.
Compulation.
1 ///. J.
1
]
10 a 1. 6
ao.3
31.3
1S.9
19.0
19.8
10 30.13
Lo^ariltiins.
3-7:5^95
6.^6761
s.
Observetl liiiu' of 80 oscilLuinns : 630. 13
Time of one oscillation 7-75>5
Corrctiun for rate ^=^-f- o-"ooi
T' rz 7-75»6
(!• - /) ,/
I -(/'-/) y
0.00030
-1-0.4
T'
■fit
Induction.
T'
(ar. CO.) 'n
IT*
M
mil
in
11
Logarithms.
0.88939
1.77878
0.00056
9.99995
0 . 00020
-f-o. 00012
0.99988
ir'.l/
>• 77949
l//=:o.l820
//=I.I29
8,22051
0,99430
0,09749
9.31230
9-2.'i974
0.05256
* Observations of deflectinns: May 20, S' ifr p. m., Guttingen time.
Temperature, /=- + 36.3'' Kalir.
+ .J7-'.
Mean 36 . 7
0.00056
■jr Mean
mH
Logarithms.
9.20718
9.31230
«l«
m
8.51948
9-=5974
[May 21, 1882.— Oscillations tlisturbcd by rapul changes In declination.]
[June 20, if.82. Mugnet I.ia suspcndcil. Sidereal chronometer No. i(^S; daily rate gaining j"" s*/ on mean time.]
T:
Number
of oscilla-
tions.
1,1
■7
40
44
48
53
57
fii
Chronometer
time.
//. Wl.
s.
2 25
20.5
«5
5'-4
26
22.1
27
01.5
27
32.7
28
ot.9
30
3' -8
3'
o^.o
3>
34-1
32
ij-o
32
44-3
33
>5-5
Means
Teii-p.
(Fahr.)
Extreme scale
readings.
0
49-2
17,2
43-0
49 9
25-0
45-8
49.0
28,1
436
49.4
Time of 40 os-
cillations.
Coefluient nf torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Mean.
UifTer-
er.ces.
A'ulue of one
scale-division
— 2-737'.
Mean 7-^^1.42
-' - 3-9
5400'-!- f'
54U0 tar, CO.)
5 '■
ti
3
6
12 o
11,5
II. 6
II. 6
S 11.60
Logarithms.
3.73271
6.26761
Computation,
Observetl time of 40 nscillalions - 311.(10
Time of one oscillation ~ 7-7900
Correftiiin for rale -^ — 0.0214
r
7.7686
t' -I
(f -I) I
i-(/'-/),/
0.00030
-f-1.03
-fo. 00031
0.9996.J
tlllr:
■J*
wi =0.1824
//=:i.iai
■fit
•+>
I -(/'-/) /
Inttuctiou,
■jt
(ar. CO.) 7'»
ir«
M
iiiir
m
11
Logarithms.
0.89034
1.78068
0.00033
9-99987
o 00020
1.78107
8,21893
0-994 5°
0-09755
9.31078
9 261 13
0.04965
M)bservations of deflections: June 20, a** 25"' p. m., (.JJittingen time.
Temperature, / --t-47.1*' Fahr.
+ 4_9 -JiS
Mean 48.38
mlt
m
Mean
Logaritluns,
9.21148
9.31078
8.52226
9-261.3
THE LADY FRANKLIN KAY KXrKDITION.
Record of oscillations and computation of horizontal J'orcc — Continued.
[June 21, i88z. .Magnet l,ij suspenlcd. Sidcie:'.! chronomotor No. 158 ; daily rate gaining j" 50" on mean time.]
Chronometer
time.
//. Ill
X,
2 34
II.O
34
42.2
35
13.6
35
52.3
Jfi
23.1
30
53-5
39
24.0
3)
55.6
40
27.1
41
04.5
41
35.8
42
06.9
ins
Me
",'''■ ICxtrcmc scale 'Iimc0l4c.cs-
(Kahr.)
58.6
56.7
rendings.
.3.8
36-9
9.2
26, 1
4'J
18.1
cilialinns.
5 '3°
•3.4
'35
12.2
12.7
'3-4
5 1303
Coeflic
lent of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
N[ean.
Differ-
ences.
M
ean v =
1.48
A'alueof one
scale-division
— a. 737'.
Logarithms.
v' ■= 4.0'
5400' -f 7''
5400 (ar. CO.)
3-73272
6.26761
. + '
(.'omimtiition.
s.
Observed time of 40 nscilialions •= 3>3 °3
Time ot line ostillaiioa 7 8258
Correction fur laic -.^ — 0.0215
T'-^ 7.8043
/' - /
it' -t).i
I -it*- n ij
0.00030
-0.1
7'
Induction.
7-2
(ar. CO.) 7'
it"
M
mir
m
If
Logarithms.
0.89233
1.78466
0.00033
0.00001
0.00020
1.78520
8.2I48U
0.99430
0.09760
9.30670
9- 25730
—0.00003
1.00003
w/- 0.1808
// =1.120
0.04940
♦Observations of detlections: June 21, 8" 51'" |>. nl., (J.illingcn lime.
Temperature, t - 55.5° lalir.
58.1
Mean 56.8
U
mff
»(»
Mean
Logarithms.
9.20791
9 ■30*70
8.51461
9.25730
[June 22, 1882. Magnet \.\> .suspended. Sidereal chronometer .No. 198 ; daily rati gaining 3'" 51/ on mean time.
Number
of oscilla-
tions.
Chrnnometer
time.
Temp.
Ka'hr.)
Extreme scale
readings.
Time of 40 os-
cillations.
Computation,
0
4
8
13
'7
21
It. III. s.
3 oj 20. s
03 51.6
04 22.7
03 02.3
05 33 2
06 04.0
0
62.8
62.0
61 .0
61.9
.3.6
'32
18. 1
30.9
^<i.3
27 4
III. s.
5 13-7
12.9
13»
12. 4
130
13.8
5 r3"7
Observed time of 40 oscillations - 3
Time of one oscillation =
Correction for rate =^ —
s.
3>7
7.8292
0.0215
7.8077
40
44
48
53
57
61
08 34 . 2
09 04.5
09 359
10 14.7
10 46.2
11 17.8
Means
1
1' - t
(/' -f)q
!-(/'- CI </
0.00030
+3.23
-| 0 . 00098
■j't
I -{/' - /) ,/
7«
(ar. CO) I-'
n'
At
mff
lit
II
Logarithms.
0.89252
1.78504
o.ooois
0.99902
9-9'»S7
i 0 . 00020
Coe
ficient of torsii.
n.
\"alueof one
scale-division
— »-737'-
Logarithms.
3-73254
6.26761
III 0.1 80 J
1.78496
8.21504
0.99430
0.09761
9.30695
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
Differ-
ences.
r'.-i.S'
5400' + 7''
5400 (ar. CO.)
9.25570
II I.
* Observations uf
25
0.05125
detlections ! Jul
Temperature,
le 22, 9'' i4'» p. m
^=^58 65 Kahr.
•;«
ll
-.nil
ii<>
fit
, (Kittingen time.
0.00015
Logarithms.
9.20445
9.30<K|5
8.51140
9.25570
Mean v — 0.66
G05
i;
606
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Record of oscillations and computation of horizontal force — Continued.
[September 2, 1882. Magnet L|, suspended. Sidereal clironometcr No. 198 ; daiiy rate gaining 3"' 59" on mean time.]
N umlier
of oscilla-
tions.
>3
17
C'hriinomeler |
time. 1
/i.
nt.
s.
7
01
.17 S
06
0Q.6
06
40.9
07
18.7
07
49-9
q8
20.7
Means
Temp.
/'
(Fohr.)
Kxtreme scale Timeofijos-
readings, cillatioris.
a5.4
41.4
40-3
39.8
Magnet swung off tlie scale.
CoefHcient of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
I Differ-
\'alue of one
scale-division
= «.737'.
Logarithms.
Computation,
Observed time of 13 oscillations :
Time of one oscillation =
Correction for rate ^
100.50
7-7308
- 0.0213
7-7095
f—t
((' - Ci 1
0.00030
-(-0.00034
o . 99966
mH=
irM/
HI =0.1807
// = 1.150
induction.
■n
(ar. CO.) T'
ir«
M
»«//
t»
H
Logarithms.
0.88703
1.77406
0.00043
9 99985
0.00020
•-77454
8.22546
0.99430
0.09760
9.31736
9.25686
0.06050
'Observations of deflections; September 2, S** 20" p. m., Giittingen
time. Temperature, / = 50.65" l-'ahr.
Logarithms.
9- "9635
//
mil
9.31736
8.5>37>
9.25686
[September 18, 1882. Magnet Lu suspended. Sidereal chronometer X 198; daily rate gaining 3*" 59' on mean time.]
■;?oS;!l^: Chronometer
tions. ""'^•
■J
'7
40
44
48
53
57
61
nt,
25
26
26
27
28
28
J.
550
26.7
57-6
35 -S
06.5
37-7
06.9
37-6
09.0
49-4
20.6
52.1
Means
Temp.
f
(Kahr.)
0
28.6
Extreme scale
readings. 1
23.0
41.9
aS.i
26.2
41.2
27.9
31-4
43-7
23.2
Tors,
circle.
Coefficient of torsion
1
Scale. i Mean.
1
Differ-
ences.
i.ci-.
,\
Uar r =.
\'alue of one
scale -division
= 2.737'.
■"' = 5.3'
5400' -I- v'
5400 (ar. CO.)
cillations.
II. 9
10.9
II. 4
•3-9
14. 1
14.4
5 "■77
Logarithms.
3-7.3282
6.26761
Computation.
Observed time of 40 oscillations = 312.77
Time of one oscillation = 78192
Correction for rate = — 0.0215
T' =
7-7977
I'-t
«' -1)9
■-U'-Of
0.00030
-i.i
-0.00033
1.00033
mff=''^
ttl =0.1841
// ~ I . lOl
,_(/'_/),
Inducthm.
r«
(ar. CO.) r'
IT*
Af
ml/
*n
H
Logarithms.
0.89197
1-78394
0.00043
0.00014
0.00020
1. 7847 1
0.2|C2^
0.99430
0.0974s
9 • 30704
9.26512
♦Observations o( ileflections: September 18, 8'' 25" p. m., Giittingen
time. Temperature, / + 29.3° Kahr.
mil
Logarithms,
9-22319
9.30704
8.53023
9.26512
THE LADY FRANKLIN T?AY EXPEDITION.
607
Ri'coni of osfillations and compulation cf horizontal forci- — Continued.
[Octnber 17, 1882. Magnet I,|jsiispcntlcil. Sidereal chrunumeter No. ii>S; daily rate ^alnin^ ,('" 5i>' cm mean time. J
Number
of oscilla-
tions.
Chronometer letnp. Extreme scile Timeof^oos-
time. I /|r„|,. 1 I readings. ] dilations. |
Computation.
'7
40
44
48
53
57
6t
It. 111. s.
10 as 14.7
=5 45-9
26 16,5
■lb 56.2
37 27-5
27 58.5
30 a6 . I
30 57.8
31 290
32 05.5
32 ;i6.3
33 08.0
ifeans
0
+28.4
11.8
28.6
.8.5
28.6
17,0
28.5
/..I
23.2
Coefficient of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
DifTcr-
ences.
Mean r'r:=2.39
\'alne of one
scale-division
r-2.737'.
,.' = 6 5'
5400' -\- v'
5400 (ar. CO.)
5 "-4
II. o
12.5
09.3
09.3
09.5
Observed time of 40 oscillati<ms 310. fis
Time ot" one oscilialion 7.7062
("orrection for rate ^^— 0.0214
T>-
7-7448
5 JO.65
1
I' -I
it' - f) ,/
1^(1' -I) </
+5.58 ■
-4-o,'-xji67
0.99833
Logarithms.
3.73293
6.26761
0.00053
»«//=
}ll -:o. 1020
//—1. 132
■Jit
Induction.
7-3
(ar. ro.) n
.1/
m/r
m
//
I Logarithms.
I o.88.;o[
1.77803
0.00053
9.99927
0.00020
I . 77803
8.22198
0.99430
0.09741
9.313C9
9.26000
0.05369
•Observations of delleciions; October 17, 8'' 14" p. m., Ctiittingen
time. Temperature, /=^-j-i8. 7** Kahr,
+ 37 '5
Mea]^
22.93
»m
If
mil
Mean
Logarithms,
9.20630
9.31369
[November a, 1882. Magnet Lia suspended. Sidereal chronometer No. 198 ; daily rate gaining 3'" 59' on mean time.]
Nuniber
of oscilla-
tions.
13
17
40
44
48
53
57
61
Chronometer
time.
111. s.
26 18.6
26 49.4
27 20.5
28 00.3
31.1
23
29 02 . 3
28.7
59-5
30- 5
II, (t
42 4
'33
Means
Temp.
(Kahr.)
+34-3
34-8
Coefficient of torsion.
Extreme scale
readings.
16.6
3>-9
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
Differ-
ences.
\'alue of ime
-call-division
a. 737'.
Time of 40 os-
cillations.
S to. I
10. 1
10. o
ir.6
ti.3
11. o
Logarithms.
Mean T'r=
5400' -t-r'
':4'-o (ar. co.)
/
6.26761
Computation.
Observed time of 40 oscillations ~ 310.68
Time of one oscillation :::r: 7.7670
Correction for rate =^— 0.0314
T' —
7-7455
1
i' --t
(t'-t)i
i-(l'-l)i
0.00030
+0.S5
-|-o. 00025
0.99975
mlf=^
■j-t
w/ = 0.1820
//= 1.129
Logarithms.
0.88906
7-/J
l-{t'-t)q
Induction,
(ar. CO.) 7''
it''
M
iiiir
m
II
1.77811
0.00067
9.99989
1.77887
8.23113
o 994.iO
0.09747
I
9.31290
9 . 2(KXj8
0.05J83
^observations of detlcctioiis; November 2, S** 28"' p. m., (Jiittingen
time. Temperature, Z.:^ .52.55° Kahr.
35-75
Mean
34-15
mil
Mean
Logarithms.
9.20726
9.31290
8.52016
9.26008
\ I
608
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Heco; d of oscillations and computation of horizontal force — Continued.
fOeccnibcr 5, 1S82. Maf^nut I.ia suspeniled. Siikrcal Lhroiionicler Nn. iy8 ; daily rate gaining? 3'" 51;' on ineim time,'
1 I'
Number
nf oscilla-
tions.
40
44
48
5.t
57
61
("lir()[H»nielur
Temp.
(Kahr.)
time.
h, in. s.
0
8 i6 10.5
4-50 -3
36 42 0
37 M-o
.17 51.5
38 M.3
38 Si-i
S-.8
4> 35.4
41 57-»
4a a8.6
43 "6-1
43 38S
44 10.7
537
M cans
51.6
Kxtreme sculo Time of 40 os-
readinr^s. j i-illHtiuns.
Computation.
23. «
Ciicfficienl «f torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
Differ-
ences.
Value of one
scate-diviRion
2-737'-
Mean z'=^3.74
?' -"T 10.2
5400' + 7''
5400 (ar. CO.)
. + ''
'4-9
15. »
14.6
■ 4.8
16.3
S <5-35
Logarithms.
3-7.33"
6.26761
0.00082
OhserveilMine of 40 oscillations : 315-35
Time <if one oscillation -- 7.8858
Correction tor rale =^-— 0.0216
y-
7.86aa
7
I' ~l
{!■ -t),,
-U'-/\,/
0.00030
+13'55
4 0,00406
o- 99594
7«
»t — o.iuoo
//=I.1I3
/
I -l/'-/ly
Induction.
7'
(ar. CO.) / "'
n»
jU
iiiH
in
II
l.of^arithms,
0.895.54
I. 79108
0,00083
9 99823
0.00020
1-79033
8 . 20967
0,99430
0,09750
9,30'47
9-35497
o.0465<j
♦Observations of detlections: Decemiier 5. s"* 22™ p. m.. (lOttlnrjen
time. Temperature, / = 38.05° Kahr,
mil
Logarithms,
9.20847
8.50994
9-»5497
[April 3. 1883, Magnet Lit suspended. Sidereal chronometer No, 198 ; daily rate gaining 3"* 59* on mean time,]
! ;
Number
of oscilla-
tions.
'3
>7
Chronometer I
time, I
w/,
27
28
28
29
29
30
s.
38.3
09,8
41-1
21 -^
52-7
24,3
46
50
54
59
63
67
36.1
57-3
28.3
II. 5
15.6
Means
Temp,
t'
(Kahr.)
o
+4>-9
41-5
41. 1
4'-5
Extreme scale ,
readings, [
10.9
42.0
15-1
39-7
24.9
40.0
i
rime of 464-6
oscillations.
47-9
47-5
47- >
50-5
50.8
5>-4
6 49.20
CoefBclent of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale. Mean,
Differ-
ences,
Value of one 1
scale-division i Logarithms.
==2,737'. I
Mean v^^i,2&
5400' + ?''
5400 tar, CO,)
3-7.1289
6-26761
Computation.
Observed time of 52 oscillations— 409.20
Time of one oscillation .-.- 7.8692
Correction for rate r^— 0.0216
7.8476
4
I' -t
(t'-t)'J
0.00030
-3-35
—0.00100
>«'/
w— O.W94
//^i.ii5
T'
Induction.
71
(ar, CO ) 7"'
ir«
M
mil
II
Logarithms,
0.89474
1.78948
0.00050
0.00043
0.00020
I. 79061
8.20939
0.99430
0.09754
9-30123
9-25379
* Observations of deflections: April 3, i'< 20'" a. .r.., GUttingen time.
Temperature / = -f 44.85° P'ahr.
//
mil
Logarithms.
9 , 20636
9.30123
8.50759
9-25379
..i.-P8&i^^
THE LADY FRANKLFT^ BAY EXPRDITION.
609
Record of oscillations
[Julys, i88). Mugnet l.ijsuspemleil
and computation of horizontal force — Continued.
Sidcretl chronometer No. 198 ; ilaily ratu gaininK j'" 51)' on mean time.]
Number
of oscilla-
tions.
Chronometer
time.
Temp.
t'
(Kttlir.)
o 10 40 19.3 +50.3
4 40 5°-4
8 41 31.4
13 42 00.2
17 4' 3" 1
31 .13 02.4 50.8
40
44
48
S3
01
45
46
46
47
47
48
3'-"
03,2
34-7
13.0
44.3
15.4
Means
514
50.8
lixlrerae scale
readings.
8.7
45-4
().o
39.1
9-9
37- ■
II. 3
34-0
Time of 40011-
cillatlons.
5 "-7
13.8
13.9
13.0
Coefficient of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean.
Differ-
ences.
Value of one
scale-division
= 3.737'-
Logarithms.
-' =5-4
5400' + v'
5400 (ar. CO.)
3' 73^83
6.36761
Mean 7= 1.98
Computation.
Observed time i>f 40 oscillations - 312,92
Time of one oscillation — 7.8330
Correction for rate = — 0.0315
'/■' =
7.8015
'/
t' -I
W -111/
0.00030
-0.35
'/
—0.00010
•'!'/
I.OOOIO ■
'"/'^'-r
m =0.1800
//=I.I27
Induction.
■/■I
(ar. CO.) ■/■'
.W
HlH
m
H
Logarithms.
0.89218
1.78436
0.00044
0.00Q04
0.00020
1.78504
8.31496
0.99430
0.09758
9 . 30684
9,35509
0.05175
•Observations of dellcitinns; July,';, i^ 28"' a, m, (iiitlinnen lime.
Temperature, / = 51.15° Kahr.
H
mir
Logarithms.
9-20334
9,30684
8.51018
9.25509
I :.! 11
[August 8, 1883. Magnet Lij suspended. Sidereal clironometer No. 198 ; dally rate gaining 3" 59.0" on mean time )
Number
of oscilla-
tions.
Chronometer
time.
Temp.
t'
(Kahr.)
4
8
>3
•7
40
44
48
53
57
61
h. in, s.
i " 09 44.3
10 15.9
10 47,5
II
27-5
II
59-4
12
30-9
13 15
03,3 1
16
34-0
05.9
44 I
17
iS-5
'7
47-1
Means
45.0
H. Mis, 393, pt 2-
-39
Extreme scale | Time of 400s-
readings. dilations.
37-9
34-6
•7-9
i3.i
.8.4
16.6
16.1
16.3
Computation.
Observed time of 40 oscillations = .117.32
Time of one oscillation = 7-9305
Correction for rate =— 0.0318
'/■' = 7.9087
Coefficient of torsion.
Tors,
circle.
Scale.
Mean
Differ-
ences.
X.5
3-5
3-1
0
30
1 30
300
30
16.3
17.9
10.8
13-'
37.8
39.1
29-3
33-0
33.0
23-5
20.0
33.1
^lean 7< =
: 2.0
Value of one
scale-division : Logarithms.
= 2-737'-
7- = 5.5'
5400' -f 7/
5400 (ar. CO.)
3-73284
6.26761
0.00030
-0,,,°
mH='
m =0.1785
//= 1. 105
T'
y/2
Induction,
(ar. CO,) '/"'
ir'
M
Logarithms.
0.89811
1 .79621
0.00045
0.00005
O.C0030
1.79691
mH
w
II
8 , 20 109
0.99430
0.09754
9-39493
9-a5'52
•Observations of dcHections: August 3, 8'' ^b" a. m., (lilttiuRen time.
Temperature, / = 45-4° I'ahr.
^ ! Logarithms.
9.20811
mil
8,50304
9,25153
' II
'M
I'll
■ \ m
f I
610
T[IE LADY FUANKMX HAY EXPEDITION.
RciapilnliUion of ivsiilts for //ir horizontal components of t/ir mai^netic fonr at Fort Conf^er, Grinncll Land, hrtaven Sr/ytrinh-r,
1 88 1, an,/ .Ini^ns/, 1883.
[Dc'iliicuil froMi observations of delU'
Mai;netk' uioini-nl ot mag-
net.
lions and osci
II.
laliiins, i;pocl), 1882,43]
)r luiri/oiilal I'urce.
Drtlf.
ri;iii|ii.raliirc.
-- _
Remarks.
I'l lirilish In ( '. Cl. S.
In lirilisli
In ( laussian
In ( . C. S.
0
unit..-.
units.
units,
units.
units.
i88t.
' 16
1.. 7 ( ■.
0. 1S4 0, 0084(1
1. 122
o. i " 7.5
0 05173
18
0.9
0. 187 863
I. I.|0
■ i2S<<
.0525A
MaMmuni.
Nin 2a
2,S. 5
0. 1 8b S5(>
I. 125
.5"'^"
•o5'87
2t
2(/. ;,
0. 182 841
I. 118
■5'5S
,05155
|)ec. 20
-.?>-7
0. 180
S2()
i.o()7
.5058
. 05058
1SS2.
1,1). Jl
- 0. S
0. 183
845
1. 114
• Sl,5<>
.05136
22
1- J.7
0. 1 82
8J7
1. 116
..SI 4"
.05146
i --^
-15.S
0. 184
847
1. 124
• 5 '83
.05183
Mar. i;.
5.4
0. 182
840
I . rrt>4
• 5044
. 05044
Mininiun),
"7
+ .i- ')
0. 1 82
841
I. 118
.S'SS
.0515s
18
0. S
0. 182
8J9
1. 118
.5155
•o5'55
Apr. 21
-17.4
0.183
844
I. 114
•S>3f'
.05136
May 20
+ 2.6
0, 182
839
I. 129
• 5206
. 05206
JMIH' 20
■K 0. I
0. 1 82
841
I. 121
.5169
. 05 1 69
21
+ 1,5.8
0. iSi
834
I. 120
.5i(.4
.05164
22
rl4S
0. 1 80
83 >
I. 1.^5
.5187
.05187
Sepl. 2
+ 10. 4
0. I8t 833
(I. 150)
Disturbances.
IS
'■5
0. .84
849
I. lot
■ 5076
. 05076
Oct. 17
5- >
0. 182
839
I. 132
.5219
.05219
Nov. 2
I. 2
0. 1 82
839
I. 129
.520f.
.05206
Dec. i
• ,v4
0. 180
S30
1. 113
■5'32
.05132
iSS;.
Apr." 2
: 7.'
0. 179 827
1.115
.5141
.05141
J"iy 5
+ 10. 6
0. iSo ; 8?0
I. 127
3'9<'
.05196
AuK'. .S
+ 7-4
0.178 S23
I. 105
.5095
• o5o<)5
i
Mean
I. 118
o.5'S5
0.05155
Compariiii; the inoriii vnhic //— 1.118 Biitisli units, or 0.05155 dynes (which vahic refers to ilie epoch 1882.4), with
the result* olitained at |)iscovery Bay l)y the British .Vrctic Ivxpcdilion of if^75-'7''>, we find our vaUie to f;xll between those
resulting from the inaLinetonieter (1.131) .ini' from the dip-needles (1.107^ If the value givci by the magnetometer is the
better of the two, then the horizontal force appears to have diminished between 1S76.0 and 1882.4 ^it ^m annual rate of
0.00203 British units, or 0,000094 dynes, or about _ part of the force
( )therwise there is no perceptible change in the force
between the two epochs, [lieutenant (irtely informs me that his m.ignetic observatory stood very nearly if not in the identical
spot where the English expedition had made observations six years jjefore, /, i\. on the shore of Discovery Bay, 197 yards [iSo"')
from the ship.
The loss of magnetism 01' L|) between 1882.4 and 1886.5 was not very great. For the former epoch the mean value for
m equals 0.182 British units at — 2.6^ C; for the latter, from two sets of deflections and a number of oscillations at ^Vash■
ington, 0.166 British units at + 33-^° C. Reducing these values to the standard temperature /^ = + 10° C. m„ becomes 0.181
and 0.168, respectively, showing an annual loss of 0.0032 British units, or 0.00015 dynes nearly.
The 23 tabular values of //show considerable variation, probably even within the limit of non-disturbance. The highe,st
value is 0.022 above antl the lowest 0.024 (British units) below the average value; these numbers equal, respectively, ,00101
and .001 1 1 dynes, or and ^ nearly of the force.
*"0n the Results of the Magnetical 1 )hserv.-itions made by the ( (tlic'^rs of the ,\rctic r,xpe(htion, lS75-'76."
R. N. Proceedings of the Royal .Society, -No. iy6, 1879.
Hy .Staflf-Cotntnander K. W. Creak,
■// Sf/>liiii/>ir,
I r
882.4), with
etween those
:)meter is the
inual rate of
; in the force
the identical
yards fiSo™]
jan vaUie for
ns at ^V;^sh■
comes 0.18 1
The highest
ively, ,00101
1' K. \V. Creak,
THE r.ADY FIJANKI.IN I5AV KXI'p]I)ITI()N.
611
(3) Olisrn'atioiis of the nM^iictii iii/> aiit/ total inlrnsity. — All dip ohsoivatioiis recorded at I'ort (lonf^er were made with
Needle No. 2 of Dip-circle No. 19. This is a Lloyd needle, i)'"" in len},nl), with the usnai three perforations at each end, hut
no use could be made of it as an intensity needle, though on March .'6-21) ohservations were made of deflections by means
of a small weight placed in the outer hole of end li, then havinj,' south polarity. These special observations are of no
further value.
An hourly series of dip observations was coinmenced September 25, 1882, and closed on June i, 1S83. Its arrangement
was as follows : " , ■ - •
Date.
Needle.
1882.
Sept. 25-_jo
No. 2
Oct. I-KJ
No. 2
Oct. 20-31
No. 2
Nov. i-jo
No. 2
Dec. i-^i
No. 2
J 883.
Jan. 1-3 1
No. 2
Feb. 1-28
No. 2
March 1-25 '•
No. 2
M.ircli 30- j I
No. 2
April i-?o
No. 2
May 1-31
No. 2
Tolarilv.
S.
s.
N.
N.
N.
N.
N.
N.
S.
S.
s.
ircle.
I'ace
1 .
of iieeiUe
1;.
1:.
W.
1
K.
K.
IC.
w.
K.
w.
K.
w.
K.
w.
E.
w.
K.
w.
E.
w.
E.
\v.
E.
The reading of the magnetic meridian was determined daily by means of the verticality of the needle when placed in
the magnetic prime vertical, and the circle was ])ut in the magnetic meridian accordingly.
During the tirst two months fretpiently and later on occasionally the dip was observed with the plane of the circle out of
the magnetic meridian, hence the true dip 0 has to be deduced by means of the relation:
tan II — tan "« cos a
Where a is the difference in the azimuths of the planes of the circle* and of the magnetic meridian. The hourly values so
affected have all been changeil to refer to the true di]).
Besides the hourly readings mentioned there were special term-day readings of tiie dipping-needle, vi/,, five-minute read-
ings throughout the day on the ist and 15th of each month, beginning with (October i, i88j, and ending with June i, 1883.
As in the preceding series, here also some of the observations were made with the circle out of the magnetic meriilian, and it
would ajjpear that this was done in order to avoid the obstruction otherwise present by the vertical sup))orts of the needle
which were insufficiently perforated.
The series of dip observations partakes therefore more of the value of differential than of absolute measures, but t«o
revers.ils of the polarity of the needle and one of the circle having been made, an approximate value of the dip could be gi\en
by determining the needed constants for th.e several corrections.
To find the inde.K error of the graduation 1 have collected 100 dilferences of results between circle vest and circle east
from a number of stations occupied with the instrument before it came into the hands of the Lady Franklin Hay i)arty. These
differences comprise an etpial number of results with two needles, and for different polarities. 'The average difference for
circle W— circle E was + 19.4' .4: 0.8', hence the index correction /== | :p 9.7' for dip' when circle | j.. only was observeil.
To determine the correction arising from want of balance of the needle a series of measurements were made (July 15 and
16, 1886) with the needle mounte<l in a dip-circle similar to that of No. 19. 'Tli-; eifoct of a change of face of .\eedle No. 2,
/. e,, for face east — face west was as follows: From 52 observations, and for markeil end south (or south polarity) +32'
+ 38' +56' +52' +41' +i6' +4.^'. mean -f4o', and from 50 obseivationN for marke<l end north (or nonh polarity) —18'
—30' —30' —36' —36' —66' —66' —59', mean —43', and the correction />, for want of balance of needle, becomes;
When face \i only was observed and for needle \ ^°""'' P«'^i''''>'
I North polaritv
polarity
When face W only was observed and for needle \ ^°"^"' polarity
th ])olarily
( Soul
\ Nor
-20'
+ 21'
-f 20'
*Tlie azimuth circle jg cJivided into four quadrants, each gradiiaied iVom 0° to 90° in the order from left to r^glit.
i
i! I
Mi
I!
U
1;^
i . t.
612
THE LADY FRANKLIX RAY EXPEDITION.
To determine the corrrection re(iuire(l for want of change of polarity or for non-reversal of the magnetism of the needle
13 reversals were made, with the following effect on the dip : For south — north polarity, difference:
— 2()' —39'
-30'
39' _,7' _48' -32' -18' -17' »
*5' -32' —3')' -25' -3'^' '
Mean
■29-S'
, ^. ,. , . , , , ( for south polarity only observed +1';'
hence the correction r, for want of reversal, becomes < • , . , ,
( for north ])olanty only observed — 15'
These several corrections, /', />, r, as well as the reduction to the magnetic meridian, were applied, when needed, before
tabulation.
After the observations of Septeml)er, 1882, had been properly reduced it became evident that the serie? was defective,
particularly in the afternoon hours, showing a steady decline up to 23'' (dip 84° 20'), and after change of observers at 24'' a
sudden increase (di|) 85° o.'); they were therefore rejected, as also the greater part of the observations foi October, 1882,
which set also indicated by its irregular readings that some observer had not yet acquired the recpiisite skill or experience.
The rej^ular character of the work commences about October 24, from which date the series is continuous. From the nature
of the case individual results may be liable to an uncertainty, estimated at not less ±10' or ±15'. It should also be
remarked that at Fort Conger the daily record of the dip was commenced with o'" and ended with 23'' and not with i'' and
ending with 24'', as proposed in the schedules of the Vienna Conference; no change was made in the record, as the Fort
Conger practice was apparently a better one,* and as it would have involved inconvenience and some inconsistency in certain
statements. In the term day series also the record is followed, beginning with o'' and o" in the daily and hourly records.
Respecting the term-day and term-hour readings, which are appended to the hourly series of the dip, and which were treated
in the same way as the latter series, it may be well to advise caution in placing too great confidence in their value; see, aUo,
on this point the pertinent prefatory remarks by Lieutenant Greely.
* In order that the first entry should corresixind to the beginninj; of the cycle.
[l-i :tl
w^HJ.Ii;
the nucUle
Jed, before
> defective,
!rs at 24'' a
3ber, 1882,
.'xperience.
the nature
Id also be
nth i'' and
3 the Fort
i in certain
ly records,
ere treated
; see, aho,
^.
.0 *
^.v^«
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
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s
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Photographic
Sciences
Corporation
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WBUTM.N.Y. MSIO
(7l6)t72-4S03
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614
TDE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
OCTOBER, 1882.
Afagnetie dip, Fort Coii'^rr, Lady Franklin Bay, Griniicll Land. {Dip-circle No. 19. Needle No. 2.)
Hourly values of magnetic dip. 80° -f tabular quantity. ^.--81° 44' oa ' >. — 64° 43' so"-=-4'' 18"' 55.3' (or 4'' 58"' 41.5' W. of Gdttingen).
(\
Sttingen hours.
Day of
month.
0
I
2
3
4
0 /
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
Noon.
0 /
1
1
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
.0 /
0 /
24
S OS
4 55
4 55
5 2'
5 oS
5 oS
5 OS
5 '4
508
5 °5
5 22
S "
4 53
^1
4 59
5 12 i
5 30 1
5 47
5 5'
5 23
5 23
5 23
5 18
5 «8
s 09
5 '7
5 '2
26
S oo
4 50
4 59 1
4 53
4 53
s 04
5 04
5 07
■ 5 07
S 07
446
4 40
4 S»
27
456
4 Sf"
5 09 '
456
4 S*"
4 56
4 56
5 "
5 OS
448
458
4 48
4 42
28
5 '4
4 56
4 45
4 53
4 53
4 S3
4 53
4 54
5 01
4 44
4 5'
4 57
4 S3
29
4 40
4 59 1
5 05
4 59
4 59
S06
5 06
5 20
4 45
5 07
4 5f'
S 04
S 00
30
4 S«
5 01 !
5 II !
5 °'
5 o'
5 09
5 21
5 '9
5 "0
4 57
S '7
4 52
5 'o
31
Mean
4 57
5 03 !
4 '6 1
4 58
5 04
5 06
5 16
S 00
456
5 06
. 508
S 08
5 08
4 5S
4 59 I
4 59 ,
1
S 06
5 05
S 06
S 08
5 "
5 04
S 01
5 03
S 00
4 59
NOVEMBER, 1882.
80" + tabular quantity. 0 : 8 1 ° 44' 00"
-64° 43' SO"
m
w
rj ■ ■
PI
IL,.
Gottingen hours.
Hay of
month.
0 /
I
0 /
2
0 /
3
0 /
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
Noon.
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
I
4 44
4 46
4 57
S 06
4 44
4 46
4 57
4 52
4 SO
4 56
4 56
4 59
S oo
2
5 07
4 SO
4 47
4 SO
4 40
S 02
4 34
6 IS
6 08
6 18
6 14
6 59
6 II
3
4 27
4 34
5 03
S 03
S OS
S 00
5 00
5 12
4 S3
4 57
4 57
4 44
4 44
4
S 02
5 29
5 21
5 05
4 59
5 "
5 09
50S
5 OS
5 «o
s 04
S08
S 00
5
4 47
438
4 52
4 52
S 03
4 40
4 52
5 01
4 54
S 01
4 58
4 43
4 52
6
4 38
4 44
4 S*)
503
4 55
4 45
4 45
4 39
4 5"
4 37
4 49
5 01
S 01
7
S 02
4 49
5 08
4 49
4 35
4 4'
4 41
4 47
5 01
4 55
S 02
4 56
4 56
8
S 44
5 44
4 33
4 42
4 42
4 32
4 23
4 47
4 56
4 40
4 53
4 5'
S 16
9
4 57
5 55
S 3f'
5 05
S 05
5 05
5 OS
5 05
4 41
S 18
S 12
5 43
5 41
0
4 41
4 41
4 3^'
4 46
5 11
5 34
5 35
5 29
5 36
S 00
s 13
4 57
5 09
II
4 48
4 48
4 48
448
448
448
4 54
S 04
4 55
S 01
S 12
4 49
5 04
12
S 00
5 00
5 00
4 49
4 49
■* 5.j
4 53
4 S3
5 01
4 54
5 02
S '7
S '9
'3
4 S«
4 5>
4 SI
4 5'
4 5'
4 58
4 58
4 58
4 59
4 56
S 04
S '5
4 49
'4
4 44
5 21
5 01
5 «2
4 46
4 SO
S «2
4 45
4 45
4 S3
4 S3
4 S3
S 02
\\
4 50
4 44
4 3S
4 46
4 44
4 35
4 47
4 52
5 01
i. 49
4 43
4 35
4 46
16
S 00
4 57
4 57
4 45
5 12
4 4"
4 36
4 40
448
4 32
4 32
4 30
448
•7
4 42
4 55
4 4''
4 4^'
4 57
4 43
4 47
5 05
4 48
506
5 06
506
5 OI
18
S 09
5 02
5 11
4 35
5 03
4 46
5 06
S06
4 58
4 47
5 19
5 '3
S 05
'9
4 43
4 54
4 30
• 4 37
4 55
4 46
4 S>
4 S«
4 5'
4 S'
4 40
4 40
4 S«
20 •
4 44
5 05
4 39
4 28
4 28
4 43
4 59
4 52
4 45
4 S7
5 "6
5 19
5 09
4 S9
21
4 34
4 47
4 SI
4 41
4 44
4 46
4 48
448
S "7
S >3
5 "3
5 "3
22
5 «3
5 '3
5 '3
5 09
S 00
5 00
4 52
4 49
S OS
5 OS
4 49
4 55
4 53
23
4 52
4 59
448
4 54
4 45
4 S'
4 51
4 5'
4 SO
4 44
4 SO
5 01
4 56
24
5 OS
4 53
4 45
4 35
4 40
4 40
4 40
5 02
4 41
4 55
4 59
4 59
S 04
25
4 59
4 54
4 45
4 49
4 49
448
4 48
4 S3
4 58
4 52
5 02
5 04
4 57
26
4 34
4 45
4 45
5 04
5 04
5 04
S 04
5 04
4 56
456
5 01
5 01
5 01
27
4 54
4 45
4 45
4 45
4 45
4 51
4 51
5 01
S 09
4 36
S 05
456
4 SI
28
458
4 SO
4 50
4 50
4 S'
5 03
S 03
4 56
5 09
4 48
4 55
4 55
S 03
29
448
448
4 48
4 54
4 54
4 54
4 54
5 03
SOI
5 'S
4 54
5 >7
4 52
30
Mean
4 51
4 56
4 5f>
4 56
4 5°
4 50
4 50
4 44
4 46
4 59
4 SI
4 SS
4 41
4 53
4 57
4 53
4 S«
4 52
4 52
4 S3
4 59
4 59
4 S9
S 02
5 04
5 02
NoTB.— Correction >i)plieil to the original record : For polarity north, r=- — 15; for circle west, i== — 10; for fiue east, 1^=4""! total correction, — 4',
of Gdttingen).
—
Noon.
r
o /
I
4 S3
7
5 12
o
4 51
8
4 42
7
4 53
4
5 oo
2
S 'o
8
So8
°
4 59
5 oo
6 II
4 49
5 02
46
48
01
OS
5«
59
>3
53
56
04
57
01
51
5 03
4 52
4 41
5 02
>n,-4'.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITIOX.
OCTOBER, 1882.
Magnetic dip^ Fort Conger, Lady Franklin Buy, Grinnell Land. {Dip-circle No, ig. Acidle No. 2,)
80° + tabular quantity. ^ = 8l"»44'oo" X - — 64° 43' 50" 4'' iS"" 55.3" (or 4I' sS"" 41.5" \V. ..fOottingenl.
615
f!6ttingen hours.
Reading
of mag-
netic
Setting of
azimuth
circle.
Dav of
;
month.
•3
•4
'5
16
0 /
17
iS ,
1
1
19
20
0 /
21
0 /
•!3
meridian.
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
S "9
5 >4
5 «4
5 00 1
4 5'
4 5"
4 57
5 .1"
5 '5
5 oz
5 0^
05 46
SO 00
24
5 >4
S20
S 07
5 '«
5 '7
5 18
sot,
5 "
5 23
5 09
5 c,
()(> 2^
50 00
2C
5 «7
5 09
5 16
4 50
4 43
4 27
4 46
4 42
4 4-!
4 .i>i
4 39
(>6 52
50 00
26
4 45
4 5'
4 49
4 49
4 53
4 55 '
4 49
4 44
4 44
t 4-:
4 4-:
OS 00
SO 00
27
5 «S
5 09
4 54
4 57
4 45
4 54 1
4 57
5 15
4 57
5 "•
4 53
(.4 27
64 27
28
4 52
458
5 03
4 55 1
4 53
4 55 '
5 OS
5 05
4 5"
5 0-2
5 "•!
b2 12
(,2 12
29
5 07
4 42
5 09
5 05 ,
5 34
456 i
5 '2
5 00
5 '^•5
4 5'
4 54
6I) 00
66 00
30
5 18
5 'o
5 02
5 '• 1
4 5«
5 24 \
4 5«
5 07
5 09
4 59
4 5"
('5 .W
71 00
3«
508
504
5 04
5 00 j
4 59 ] 4 58
1 1
4 59
5 <>4
5 "'
4 57
4 55
Mean.
NOVEMBER, 1882.
80° + Ubular quantity. ^ = 81° 44' oo-"' /. - — 64° 43' 50"
57
4 5'
03
5 «4
56
448
54
4 56
01
5 01
03
5 00
' Azimuth circle; 58° 19' at noon ; 46° 00' i p. m. to 10 p. m. ; 66° 00' n p. m.
* Azimuth circle : 64° 30' from o to 3 a. m. ; 66° 11' from 2 a. m tu a p. m. ; 66* 14' from 3 p. m. to 11 p. m.
* Azimuth circle : 65° 59' from o a. m. to noon.
616
TilB LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
DECEMBER, 1882.
Magnetic dip, Fort Conger, Lady Franklin Bay, Grinnell Land. (^Dip-circle No. 19. Needle No. 2) — Continued.
80°
4" tabular quantity.
«.-.8
i°44'oo"
?.=
-64° 43'
50"
Gdttingen hours.
Day of
month.
1
0
I
0 /
2
3
4
5
6
7
0 /
8
9
10
II
Noon.
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
1
456
4 54
4 59
4 54
5 38
5 20
4 53
4 SI
S 01
4 46
S06
456
4S6
448
S 02
448
5 07
448
4 51
4 57
4 39
4 58
4 54
4 58
2
.........
3
4 42
4 54
5 00
5 00
S 27
5 35
456
5 '1
5 06
S 19
5 07
5 OS
4 52
4
4 SO
4 58
5 >5
5 23
5 IS
4 56
458
4 46
4 41
4 41
4 41
5 12
4 58
s
4 54
4 34
4 45
\°l
5 31
448
5 09
■, 55
S06
4 54
5 17
5 46
5 55
6
4 50
5 28
5 59
6 06
S 44
S 03
4 49
4 45
5 18
5 29
4 55
4 37
5 14
7
s 23
5 22
5 11
5 03
s 41
S 24
5 58
4 33
5 29
4 52
4 52
4 37
5 48
8
s 46
5 39
5 43
5 46
4 57
4 38
4 54
5 06
4 53
4 53
456
5 13
5 00
9
506
506
5 '8
4 56
4 56
4 49
4 27
4 55
4 49
4 49
4 55
5 OS
448
10
S 24
4 59
5 H
5 o«
5 00
4 34
5 OS
4 50
4 44
4 34
4 44
4 54
4 51
II
4 57
4 5«
4 46
5 16
S 01
5 01
452
4 55
4 42
4 59
4 59
S06
S06
12
4 39
4 32
5 16
4 55
5 01
5 09
452
5 04
4 57
4 57
4 51
4 57
5 04
'3
5 ="3
5 06
5 02
4 55
5 16
5 IS
S 27
5 II
5 24
5 21
5 14
5 04
5 04
«4
4 58
4 58
4 55
4 56
S 02
5 03
4 57
508
508
5 01
4 li
4 55
5 07
'5
4 32
4 47
4 34
4 45
4 58
4 55
506
S 02
4 44
4 58
4 57
4 47
5 05
16
5 04
4 53
4 37
448
5 00
4 53
5 lo
5 13
4 58
458
4 46
S 06
5 OS
«7
4 30
4 30
4 45
4 45
4 39
436
5 II
4 47
4 59
4 56
5 01
4 57
4 54
18
4 32
5 05
5 '7
5 27
4 49
S 21
s 19
5 01
5 03
4 56
■* ^l
4 49
5 00
>9
4 42
5 04
4 40
4 34
4 45
4 42
4 42
4 46
4 51
456
4 48
4 53
5 02
20
4 39
4 39
4 46
5 07
5 07
4 39
4 31
5 03
5 04
5 17
5 05
456
5 n
21
4 38
4 45
5 10
5 IS
5 10
5 04
S 01
5 15
5 '5
4 54
5 09
5 07
s "
22
S '7
4 51
5 03
4 52
5 10
4 49
4 49
4 SI
4 58
S 12
5 01
5 03
5 18
23
5 "7
5 02
5 3>
S 39
5 21
5 21
5 21
5 04
5 08
4 59
4 59
4 55
5 15
24
5 06
506
S 20
5 32
5 2S
5 17
5 25
5 06
5 03
5 II
4 55
5 01
4 56
25
5 27
4 45
4 44
4 32
4 36
S 02
4 34
4 52
4 40
4 59
5 03
5 03
458
26
4 34
6 30
6 16
5 4«
5 42
5 42
5 52
6 II
5 a
5 14
5 14
5 28
5 2S
^2
5 «4
5 07
5 '3
5 IS
5 13
5 13
s 13
5 16
5 16
5 16
5 14
5 14
5 14
28
4 55
4 42
4 42
4 54
4 41
4 42
4 35
5 17
5 01
4 46
4 17
4 56
5 04
29
4 43
448
4 43
446
4 44
4 45
4 51
5 14
5 14
5 07
5 07
5 05
5 OS
30
4 39
4 39
4 39
4 52
4 56
4 42
4 34
4 34
5 04
5 04
5 16
5 14
5 14
31
4 34
5 '8
5 o'
4 41
4 41
S08
448
448
5 12
5 02
4 59
4 59
5 12
Mean
4 56
5 00
5 04
s 07
S OS
S 00
S 01
5 01
5 02
S 01
4 58
5 01
5 07
NuTE.— Correctiun applied tu original revord : — 4', as in preceding mouth.
.i:;!
tinned.
Noon.
/
0 /
?9
4 54
)8
4 S«
'S
4 52
2
4 S8
\b
5 55
17
5 «4
57
5 48
3
5 oo
'5
448
i4
4 5'
}6
5 06
)7
5 04
>4
5 04
>S
5 07
7
5 OS
)6
505
>7
4 54
9
5 00
.3
5 02
.6
5 II
>7
5 II
>3
5 18
S
5 15
>i
4 56
>3
4 <8
8
5 2S
4
5 14
t)
5 04
>S
505
4
5 14
9
5 12
)l
1
5 07
TUE LADY FKANKL12< HAY EXPEDITION.
617
DECEMBER, 1882.
Magnetic dip. Fort Conger, Lady Frank/in Jiay, Grinneli Land. {Dipciule No. 19. Needle No. 2)— Continued.
80° + tabular <iuantity. ^ _^ Sl° 44' 00" X = - 64° 43' 50"
G5ttingen hours.
13
14
'S
03
18
31
01
16
SO
33
09
56
54
S3
56
59
56
55
03
S$
51
59
08
03
IS
57
59
58
20
S3
13
03
05
03
5 02
45
03
53
49
22
36
49
09
04
54
01
55
24
46
44
17
55
57
16
14
10
11
07
01
58
5'
3
08
50
01
08
4 SO
5 II
5 06
4 49
5 24
16
5 05
17
18
19
20 . 31
4 59
05
5 04
4 56
4 52
4 56
5 00
5 14
5 01
5 02
50
23
24
14
17
448
5 17
5 01
5 00
S 03
5 03
5 00
03
48
46
09
03
35
II
48
48
42
10
IS
07
II
37
46
44
51
36
54
51
49
25
18
20
42
38
13
56
06
21
57
49
31
50
01
48
32
40
10
46
44
48
24
39
54
56
22
SI
56
44
56
49
5 21
02
49
OS
24
OS
41
19
II
57
4 46
5 09
S«
4 59
4 59
4 54
5 II
5 01
5 04
4 57
5 19
5 09
5 07
4 57
458
5 06
5 00
14
49
42
26
S
4
4
4
5 01
4 43
5 04
5 12
50
S3
49
20
24
01
06
58
06
50
00
08
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
4
S
4
5
SO
52
II
44
48
49
06
57
02
58
SO
4 38
5 17
5 00
5 01
4 56
4 43
5 00
5 09
4 SO
4 S3
5 12
5 25
5 23
4 S3
22
5 01
4 59
06
49
24
17
55
49
03
52
02
02
42
45
16
46
58
20
39
56
05
01
53
49
25
23
48
10
55
59
S6
05
59
23
I Reading j
! of mag- j
; netic !
meridian.'
Setting of
azimutl?
circle.
Day of
month.
06
01
48
17
47
24
17
56
46
54
55
55
16
49
S 00
35
29
16
05
13
57
07
13
23
41
26
36
49
34
41
00
0 /
66 21
65 54
65 33
65 30
66 OS
65 54
66 06
66 12
66 25
66 14
66 20
66 IS
'66 08
66 13
66 13
65 04
65 09
6s 09
65 23
65 54
65 54
65 45
66 12
66 12
66 34
67 07
66 31
66 24
66 08
66 12
66 20
5 01
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
«3
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Mean.
' Azimuth circle, 66* la', 3 p. m. to 11 p. m.
618
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
.1;:^ 1
JANUARY, 1883.
Magnetic liip. Fort Conf^er, Lady Franklin Bay, Gtinnell Land. (Dip circle No. 19. Needle No. 2) — Continued.
80° + tabular quantity. ^j = Si" 44' 00" a = 64° 43' ;,o' '
Gdttingen hours.
Day of
month.
'"
—
0
. 0 /
I
3
3
4
S
6
7
0 /
8
9
,0
II
Noon.
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
I
4 56
5 >2
506
5 "
4 47
4 46
4 5'
4 53
5 02
4 52
4 40
448
4 49
*
458
4 47
5 Of
506
5 06
5 "4
4 55
4 59
4 44
4 44
4 4«
4 47
4 33
3
5 03
4 54
458
5 OS
5 21
5 00
5 03
4 52
5 05
448
4 44
5 07
4 47
4
S 22
4 59
S 00
5 10
5 '7
5 '3
4 21
5 33
5 34
5 «7
5 12
5 29
S 2«
S
S 16
4 56
5 "7
5 07
5 07
4 55
5 01
4 S<>
4 59
5 15
4 48
S 02
4 SS
6
4 57
448
4 56
4 58
4 58
5 OS
S06
5 c-^
4 52
4 47
5 27
5 02
S «8
7
4 55
4 50
4 52
5 00
4 56
4 so
4 57
448
-V 59
4 47
5 OS
4 47
4 42
8
5 07
4 57
5 03
4 55
5 '4
506
4 58
4 47
4 52
5 «6
5 11
5 09
4 47
9
4 50
5 48
5 '1
5 «5
5 00
4 52
5 '4
5 07
5 CX3
456
4 57
4 56
S06
10
5 03
5 06
5 06
5 07
5 "7
5 '9
508
4 55
4 59
4 5'
4 56
4 59
5 01
II
5 "
5 04
5 03
5 13
5 07
5 >«
5 "
5 01
5 '3
5 02
4 54
4 56
S OS
12
5 06
5 01
5 03
5 03
5 04
5 04
5 04
5 04
4 57
4 57
4 S2
■ 4 57
S06
»3
5 '4
5 '4
5 06
5 03
5 03
5 04
5 "4
5 08
5 >5
5 12
5 12
4 56
4 54
14
458
5 o'
4 59
5 07
5 02
5 05
5 05
4 57
5 01
5 '9
5 08
4 54
5 «4
»S
5 09
4 57
5 04
4 36
5 04
5 01
5 'f'
4 59
5 «4
5 07
5 06
S '5
16
5 00
5 o«
4 5'
448
4 44
4 56
5 «o
5 'o
448
4 S'
4 5'
4 51
506
17
4 50
S 00
5 05
502
5 «o
5 ■«
4 54
4 55
4 50
4 52
4 49
4 54
4 54
18
4 59
5 '7
5 25
4 46
5 '^
5 09
4 50
4 52
4 55
4 53
4 46
4 49
19
4 26
4 50
448
452
4 58
4 5'
4 40
4 40
4 42
5 00
5 05
S 10
5 '6
20
5 01
4 29
423
42s
4 52
^55
4 56
4 57
4 56
S 02
4 Sf'
4 5>
4 S3
21
509
S 06
5 32
5 39
5 «9
4 38
4 5''
4 58
4 54
4 52
5 01
5 03
508
32
5 oi
4 48
4 59
4 24
4 48
4 54
5 OS
S06
5 04
5 04
5 "o
S 06
5 09
23
4 50
5 24
5 3'
5 "
5 5>
504
4 55
S 00
4 5'
5 04
5 06
4 59
4 54
24
4 43
4 5«
4 5'
4 54
4 54
448
4 54
4 54
4 54
4 56
4 5f'
4 Sfi
448
'i
S26
5 26
508
4 57
5 '5
4 59
5 19
5 >3
5 «9
536
5 25
4 57
4 57
aft
507
4 50
4 59
5 "5
5 "
5 14
5 09
5 04
S 00
5 03
5 05
5 04
5 '?
^I
S o«
5 ••
S 00
5 01
5 09
4 56
4 56
4 47
5 «5
4 55
5 09
Soo
4 58
506
5 20
4 55
4 55
5 o'
5 01
5 OS
4 59
4 3'
4 53
4 4i>
4 47
4 53
29
448
4 35
4 56
5 05
5 07
S 01
4 55
5 17
5 04
S 02
4 59
432
S 03
30
4 55
4 55
4 56
4 57
4 55
4 47
4 45
5 OS
503
5 OS
4 49
4 52
5 02
3«
Mean
5 >3
5 05
5 09
5 03
5 «3
S 02
5 09
S 13
4 57
5 'o
5.3
5 13
S 09
5 01
5 02
S 02
5 o'
5 OS
5 00
S 00
5 01
4 59
5 01
5 00
458
5 00
Note.— i'urrection applied to original record: — 4', as in preceding month.
f '
inued.
Noon.
0 /
4 49
4 3i
4 47
5 21
4SS
5 i8
4 42
4 47
5 o6
5 o'
5 OS
So6
4 54
5 H
S >5
506
4 54
4 49
5 >6
4 53
So8
5 09
4 54
4 48
4 57
5 'o
458
4 S3
5 03
5 02
5 09
5 00
THE LADY FIIA>JKLIN HAV EXPEUITION.
619
JANUARY, 1883.
Magni-tic dip. Fort Conger, Lady Franklin Bay, Grinnell Land. {Dip-drcle No. 19. Needle No. 2)— C'ontiiuicil.
80° + tabular ciuantity. ^i^Si" 44' 00" / . — 64° 4,5' 50"
Odttin^en hours.
<3
4 57
4 58
458
Z1
02
56
47
06
54
04
04
13
52
34
5 07
458
5 02
4 53
5 "
S 06
5 04
08
5'
46
2S
47
47
44
43
02
09
55
10
20
57
<5
50
48
46
58
54
02
58
04
36
20
«9
II
46
02
oS
00
15
S 00
16
>7
iS
56
59
46
29
48
45
59
50
57
00
58
56
56
59
35
II
II
00
43
01
41
06
17
45
06
16
44
01
07
53
00
5 00
5 02
44
44
55
21
55
5^'
10
46
07
53
56
44
48
12
17
01
28
16
45
02
II
01
04
08
>3
46
45
5>
59
04
56
>9
44
44
59
26
54
47
50
47
02
06
07
14
58
07
5 oS
5 02
5 17
4
4
4
5
4
5
4
4
4
5
5
5
5 00
5 14
5 00
4 S3
SO
44
53
21
54
17
50 I
46
55
CX)
08
17
oS
54
07
34
00
5 2'
5 03
43
54
46
16
07
00
-
0 /
5 21
4 44
4 52
5 '9
5 '3
4 59
4 50
1 4 45
4 57
S 00
4 49
456
5 04
5 07
506
5 16
5 01
4 54
4 57
4 54
458
4 30
4 59 1
5 01 1
S 16 1
4 54
5 21
4 57
5 03
5 >4
4 52
48
44
52
19
«3
5>
50
55
57
57
56
01
5 00
5 08
5 04
57
23
5 01
5 o'
4 58
5 04
Ueailing
of mai;-
iielic
meridian
5 00
01
5 03
40
35
56
26
36
>5
55
5"
04
52
16
56
5 01
5 2«
4 52
4 56
'3
04
10
00
00
06
«3
54
45
3'
58
02
08
29
23
02
16
07
56
S 01
5 21
4 56
Seltinijof
a/.imutli
circle.
5 02
66 20
66 21
66 22
66 25
66 25
66 25
66 25
66 25
67 25
67 2S
67 25
67 25
67 25
67 25
67 25
67 25
65 56
66 23
66 57
66 57
66 46
66 40
66 16
66 16
64 59
66 29
66 27
66 27
66 23
66 23
66 23
I)ny of
month.
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
ID
II
12
>3
<4
•5
16
•7
18
«9
20
21
22
23
24
25-
26
27
2«
29
30
3«
Mean.
I
620
THE LADY FKANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
I of!
I I'l
FEBRUARY, 1883.
Magnetic dip, Fort Conger, Lady Franklin Bay, Grinnell Land. {Dip-circle No. 19. Needle No, 2)— Continued.
80° + tabular quantity. 0 = 81" 44' oo" A = — 640 43' 5°"
GSttingen hours.
Day of
montli.
II
Noon.
°
1
2
3
4
5
0 /
6
7
8
9
10
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
I
4 56
5 "•
5 06
5 04
5 15
5 «9
506
5 •"
5 09
5 OS
4 56
5 "
5 «3
2
S OS
S '4
S 06
5 09
4 54
4 44
4 44
5 "3
5 •«
5 03
503
5 00
5 09
3
4 SO
S 06
5 03
4 46
5 00
5 OS
5 05
5 04
4 57
4 50
506
4 57
4 59
4
* 57
4 57
4 54
5 '5
5 05
4 59
4 59
4 49
4 57
4 57
5 «'
5 07
458
s
4 58
4 58
4 47
5 02
5 02
5 «5
5 04
5 04
4 55
5 10
4 57
5 07
5 09
6
5 '?
456
S 02
5 «'
5 "
4 50
5 >3
5 "o
5 04
5 «'
S06
S 08
5 "S
7
5 '6
5 04
5 «5
5 07
5 07
5 "
5 >i
5 •«
5 06
5 07
S 10
S 20
S08
8
S 02
5 01
5 01
4 54
5 01
508
508
5 02
5 OS
5°'
506
5 04
502
9
5 04
438
4 57
4 37
S 06
4 56
5 09
5 "4
5 16
5 18
s '^
5 16
S 20
10
S 08
5 «o
5 18
5 52
5 26
4 38
4 53
4 56
4 55
4 5«
448
446
4 45
II
4 41
4 47
4 42
5 03
4 40
5 01
4 59
4 57
4 55
4 5'
S 00
456
4 55
12
5 04
5 09
5 09
4 46
4 50
4 52
4 43
4 42
4 45
4 46
4 59
S 00
506
>3
4 40
4 49
4 42
4 59
4 S«
"* H
5 04
506
5 04
5 04
S08
507
5 07
14
5 02
4 54
4 28
5 09
5 3«
5 '8
5 «7
4 32
4 55
4 14
4 52
5 '«
4 41
«5
506
4 46
5 04
4 57
5 01
5 09
5 05
5 04
5 01
5 '7
5 05
5 00
S 03
16
5 "
5 16
5 01
5 02
5 "
5 09
5 07
5 "
S 00
4 47
5 09
4 39
4 44
'Z
S 20
5 15
S 00
5 21
4 52
4 55
4 57
4 57
4 57
5 04
4 59
5 OS
456
18
4 45
5 07
4 35
4 5«
4 59
5 01
5 '5
5 «7
4 57
4 55
4 37
503
4 55
«9
4 36
5 05
5 00
4 22
4 56
5 05
4 58
4 19
5 30
4 59
4 51
5 OS
5 03
20
5 25
5 06
4 35
4 47
5 05
4 58
5 2'
4 58
4 50
5 'S
5 'o
5 07
S 04
21
4 46
4 59
5 25
4 47
S 01
5 01
4 59
5 07
4 53
S08
4 47
4 49
4 43
22
4 34
5 'o
436
4 35
5 "
5 00
4 56
4 49
4 5«
5 07
506
4 56
S08
23
6 11
5 26
506
5 53
5 4«
5 >o
5 ii
5 27
4 5'
4 5'
506
S 02
S >6
24
4 29
4 35
4 46
4 36
4 36
4 21
4 21
4 36
4 54
4 54
S 08
S06
S "4
^1
4 35
4 24
4 37
4 49
4 49
4 56
4 56
S06
5 25
5 30
5 28
526
526
26
5 45
5 o'
5 03
5 03
4 35
4 35
4 35
4 34
5 01
5 16
5 27
448
456
i H
4 46
5 02
S 02
5 «8
4 59
4 54
4 54
5 03
5 "
5 22
4 56
S 22
S 07
1 ^8
1
4 26
5 07
4 37
5 07
4 42
4 46
5 '4
5 «o
5 16
5 16
4 39
4 56
5 oi
Mean
S 00
500
4 56
5 01
S 01
458
S 02
5 00
S 02
502
S 02
5 03
503
Note.— Correction applied to original record : — 4', as in preceding montli.
■ft
inued.
Noon.
/ 0 /
« S «3
» s 09
7 4 S9
>7 4 58
>7 S 09
>8 i S IS
«o s 08
H 50*
16 5 20
J6 4 4S
56 4SS
JO s 06
07 5 07
II 441
00 5 03
39 4 44
as 4 S6
'3 4 SS
as 5 03
57 s 04
^9 4 43
56 s 08
52 5 16
36 5 14
io 5 26
l8 456
!2 S 07
,6 5 01
>3 5 03
TIIK LADY FUANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
G21
FEBRUARY, 1883.
Magnetic dip. Fort Cotif^er, Lady Franklin Bay^ Grinnell Land. {Dip-circle No. 19. Needle No. 2) — Continued.
So" + tabular <|uanlity. 9 = 81'' 44' 00" >= — 64°43'5o"
Gnitini;cn houis.
Readini!
—
of mag-
netic
«3
.4
«S
16
•7
0 /
18
0 /
19
0 /
20
21
22
0 /
23
0 /
meridian.
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
S06
S 16
5 "
5 07
5 02
s 07
S06
4 53
5 09
5 09
5 05
66 23
S «o
S «o
S08
5 02
4 55
4 55
456
5 o.-
5 05
5 00
5 00
66 20
4 5«
4 57
4 57
5 03
5 03
5 '5
5 07
4 5"
4 47
4 49
4 57
66 20
s '^
5 01
5 01
5 01
4 5'
4 5'
4 57
4 53
4 54
5 OS
4 49
66 20
5 18
S 03
4 55
5 01
5 «o
5 «7
5 «7
4 5'
4 53
S 02
5 n
66 20
4 «9
5 '<>
5 04
4 56
5 03
5 03
4 52
456
4 50
5 '9
5 19
66 20
S >«
506
5 '4
5 04
4 56
4 56
SOS
SoS
S06
4 58
5 16
66 20
S 02
506
5 03
4 57
5 o«
5 03
508
5 oS
458
5 03
5 07
66 20
S '4
5 'o
5 «"
5 "
4 58
4 58
S Ob
4 5"
4 20
4 49
4 Sf'
66 48
4 S'
4 42
4 29
5 01
5 16
505
S08
S08
5 04
506
4 56
6637
456
S 01
508
5 08
5 01
5 05
5 02
4 5'
438
50s
4 52
66 47
S 04
S 01
5 «"
4 54
5 01
5 01
4 54
5 oi
S06
4 57
4 45
66 00
501
4 59
5 09
5 OS
5 01
5 01
5 OS
5 16
4 46
4 39
5 01
6633
s 19
506
4 57
5 01
4 39
4 59
4 47
4 35
446
5 01
S 01
6647
509
504
5 03
4 47
4 50
5 o«
5 00
5 "
4 58
5 'o
4 56
65 47
S >'
506
4 44
4 35
4 SO
4 54
4 34
4 34
4 43
4 43
5 21
66 17
4 52
4 59
4 36
4 46
4 28
S06
446
5 «3
448
4 39
5 OS
66 17
4 46
4 56
4 29
4 35
4 54
508
4 24
4 53
4 30
4 49
5 03
66 17
5°7
506
4 24
S 02
4 3"
5 03
4 04
4 30
5 'o
4 30
4 27
66 17
508
5 04
4 "7
4 53
4 39
4 24
4 35
4 35
4 42
4 42
4 41
66 17
S 00
4 3'
4 3"
4 33
5 09
5 04
4 3^>
4 41
4 41
4 35
5 01
65 44
S 03
4 41
5 '2
4 53
5 '2
5 '3
5 09
5 «o
456
504
5 04
66 IS
456
5 21
5 "2
5 «9
5 'o
5 07
4 55
4 41
5 04
5 07
4 S6
66 27
S 54
5 '9
5 24
5 28
5 2'
5 30
5 32
5 26
5 24
S 04
5 04
6s 46
S 28
5 28
5 44
s 42
s 42
5 "
506
5 «o
5 32
5 24
5 04
6s 46
4 S6
5 22
5 14
5 04
5 34
5 43
S 21
5 30
5 30
5 27
S 01
6s 46
506
5 »o
5 «S
S08
5 09
5 21
4 47
4 47
4 47
5 09
5 09
65 46
4 34
5 '7
5 «4
4 36
508
4 46
4 50
4 57
4 57
4 26
426
65 46
5 04
5 OS
5 00
5 00
5 01
5 OS
456
1 ^"
4 58
458
4 59
•---
.Setting of
azimuth
circle.
Day of
month.
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
•3
"4
«S
16
«7
18
•9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Mean.
622
TUB LADY rUANKLIN BAY EXJ'EDITION.
l;i
1' I
; :ii '
MARCH, .883.
Miignelk dip. Fort Conger, Lady Franklin Jiay, Grinnell l.and. {Dip-circle No. 19. Needle No. 2) — Continued.
80° f laliular quantity. v 81° 44' o,)" > 64° 43' 50"
Gmtingen houra.
Day of
nioiUli.
0
■
2
3
4
5
0 t
6
0 /
7
0 /
8
0 /
9
10
II
\iion.
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
1
S "
4 58
5 02
'4 24
S "
5 «o
4 54
4 5''
S '4
5 02
4 5f>
4 59
5 21
2
4 57
506
S "7
5 i'>
5 08
4 54
4 5<>
5 18
4 49
4 42
4 42
4 5°
5 07
3
5 "J
4 42
4 54
4 47
4 40
4 53
4 58
4 48
5 07
5 20
5 50
5 09
5 '6
4
4 5«
5 25
4 5'
4 5-:
4 Sf'
4 S>
4 28
5 '3
4 27
s 07
4 55
448
4 58
5
4 5'
4 42
4 52
5 55
5 3«>
5 '3
5 o'
5 o'
5 '7
5 '4
5 '4
5 "4
5 '4
6
5 "
5 16
5 '6
4 48
4 55
4 49
4 59
458
4 37
4 49
4 4<»
5 00
5 «2
7
5 ^^
5 09
4 49
5 "•'
5 06
5 24
4 5t
5 00
5 0()
S 'f'
S ''-
5 07
5 'o
8
4 2S
4 51
448
4 l^
4 5''
4 59
4 3''
4 30
4 38
508
4 34
5 02
5 06
9
S 57
5 <4
5 21
5 21
5 05
4 51
S '9
5 'I
5 '5
5 >3
5 00
5 oc)
5 o'
10
5 '"
S 20
5 16
5 '0
5 '3
5 02
4 5«
4 51
5 '7
5 '2
5 ""
s 04
4 59
II
5 '5
S06
4 46
5 "1
5 20
5 03
5 03
5 15
5 07
5 t^'
5 '4
5 '7
5 20
12
4 J"
4 37
4 53
4 5«
4 49
5 03
4 5"
4 5«'
5 05
4 57
5 "
5 "9
5 02
'3
4 V)
5 09
5 '7
4 50
4 56
4 5''
4 50
5 o()
5 '8
5 05
5 21
4 48
5 "3
"t
4 5'
5 03
5 '5
5 14
5 "
4 4^'
5 01
5 18
5 23
5 02
5 02
4 45
4 53
"5
4 5»
5 01
4 5''
5 03
4 5«
5 03
5 03
5 16
4 35
4 57
5 05
5 09
5 '5
li)
634
5 21
5 09
5 07
5 00
5 '2
5 23
5 06
4 5<
4 41
4 54
4 5"
4 47
'7
5 2''
5 '4
5 "4
5 oS
5 08
5 30
5 '-'
4 59
4 56
5 03
5 o'
4 58
4 59
18
5 00
5 09
5 oj
5 o.!
5 03
5 03
4 52
4 55
4 5<'
4 43
4 5!
5 05
5 03
«9
5 4J
5 37
5 "o
5 11
4 5'
5 04
4 4<>
4 li
5 04
5 00
4 57
5 o'
5 o>
20
5 09
5 o<J
4 52
4 52
4 45
4 57
4 57
5 03
4 58
4 56
4 5"
5 02
4 59
21
5 '«
5 05
4 54
5 'o
5 ■(>
5 It'
5 •<•
5 08
5 08
5 o«
5 o<)
5 15
503
22
5 29
5 20
5 '0
5 03
5 '3
5 03
5 "
5 1"
5 23
5 05
5 <^2
5 '3
5 «3
23
4 45
4 55
5 '7
S 09
5 33
5 37
5 2'
5 21
5 '5
5 «5
5 «2
5 '2
4 57
24
5 o-J
5 «o
5 '2
4 53
5 02
5 20
5 32
5 00
5 00
5 39
5 '9
5 'f>
5 08
^1
27
448
5 00
5 08
S 06
4 56
4 58
4 44
5 23
5 03
4 52
4 52
4 58
4 58
28
29
30
4 30
4 27
4 29
4"28'
4 27
4 3'
4*32
4 40
4 33
502'
4 46
4 43
4 43
3'
4 28
4 28
4 27
4 27
4 32
4 3<
4 33
4 ii
4 39
4 S**
4 5<'
5 24
5 13
Mean
5 06
5 04
5 01
5 02
5 02
5 02
4 58
5 0^
5 00
S 03
s 03
5 03
5 02
rl
* Rcaditif^s discrepant,
NuTE,— Correction applied to original record: March i to March 35, — 4', tisin preceding moiuh ; March 30, ji, — 15', as in following month.
I' • \
r (
—
Nbon.
0 /
9
5 2«
o
5 07
9
S '6
8
4 5«
4
5 '4
0
5 "2
7
5 «o
2
5 06
G
5 01
4
4 59
7
S 20
)
5 02
S
5 "3
5
4 53
)
5 '5
5
4 47
8
4 59
5
5 oj
1
5 o'
2
4 59
5
5 03
3
5 «3
2
4 57
()
S 08
8
4 5S
3
4 43
4
5 '3
3
5 02
TUE LADY FltANKLIN BAY EXrEDlTION.
623
MARCH, 1883.
Mitf^netic dip, Fort Conger, Lady Franklin Hay, Griiinell Land. {Dip-circle No. 19. Xcdlc No. 2)— Continued.
So" -I- tabular i|unmily. <^ 81° 44' 00" X — — 64" 43' 50"
(ii'Utin^en hours.
'J
5 OS
5 07
5 26
4 58
5 oS
5 o«
»4
5 08
4 43
5 08
5 03
01
07
59
II
5'
4>
13
59
12
07
22
10
04
09
<4
53
59
59
59
03
01
12
'9
lo
49
IS
5 '2
5
5
5
5
5 04
22
05
"3
5 '7
5 02
'3
16
5 If'
5 '3
<9
18
'5
20
"9
59
12
10
5
5
5
4 30
13
16
5 05
4 29
5 22
5 <^9
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
5 22 i
4 y- <
5 "I
^'\
5V
oS
1') I
57
21
'7
21
It
5 o"
5 05
4 33
5 '"
.
«7
0 /
5 02
5 '3
5 «3
5 '5
5 22
5 If-
5 20
5 "9
5 "5
5 "
5 1'
4 4i
5 ")
5 "
4 S-i
5 "I
5 c'
5 • >
5 "i
5 >;
5 "
5 07
18
5 12
5 o*)
"5
22
20
"9
57
01
18
10
II
38
IS
5 07
4 52
458
4 35
5 09
>9
5 23
5 IS
4 59
5 '"
5 07
5 21
5 •'»
4 5>«
5 08
458
5 20
4 37
21
"7
5^'
30
31
01
10
"3
5 '7
5 I'
5 '2
5
5
5 05
4 34
5 07
S 08
5
5
4
5
5
5
5
5 "
5 >8
07
01
07
02
20 I
23 j
09
21 !
18 i
II I
;•;
o(,
16
. "7
S 06
5 °9
5 04
21
5 0+
5 "7
5 '3
4 S*)
03
02
II
1 1
00
.'O
18
'9
5«
21
4 45
5 13
45S
5 06
5 >4
5 06
S 20
4 21
4 46
5 OS
iS
56
4 45
4 52
5 09
4 35
4 44
5 07
4 49
5 "
5 03
4 29
4 34
5 08
2J
'*?'«""8 Setlingof
circU'.
mag
iiolic
meridian.
58
16
5'
'5
13
^5
'5
04
0(1
II
10
03
07
58
58
50
59
55
05
06
06
09
1 2
1 1
08
4 24
4 23
5 03
6f> }i
6s SI 1
67 43 ,
60 52
66 S4 i
66 2? I
66 25
66 02
65 28
65 28
f'S 30
<'5 54
6s S8
6() 00
66 00 ,
66 23
6s 07 I
65 07
66 30
66 30
66 30
66 30
66 30 1
66 30 i
67 14
67 00
67 00
67 00
67 00
67 00
67 58
9
10
II
12
>3
•4
'5
16
«7
18
'9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3<
Mean.
624
TUK LADY FUANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
APRIT,, 1R83.
Ma!:;netic dip. Fort Conifer, Lady Frank/in Fay, Grlnnell Land. {^Dip-circle JVo. 19. I^eedlf No. a) — Continued.
80° -f talmlar i|unntity. 9 81° 44' 00" Xi= — 64° 43' 50"
(initingen hours.
' Day of
iiiciiith.
'"
.
0
0 /
0 /
3
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 /
II
Noon.
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
1
4 If)
5 04
4 5«
4 57
*55
4 59
4 '3
5 o«
5 '2
5 43
5 '2
5 '4
4 47
4 5"
4 55
4 47
4 54
456
5 28
4 55
4 41
4 49
3
4 55
5 29
4 50
3
S 03
S "i
458
5 03
508
S08
5 *i
5 o'
4 53
4 45
4 46
4 54
S 00
4
5 "
4 48
4 40
4 57
4 55
458
458
4 21
4 29
4 40
4 35
4 25
428
s
5 ^
4 57
4 54
4 «2
5 36
5 27
5 27
4 57
4 54
4 56
4 52
4 53
456
6
4 43
4 4-!
4 30
4 35
4 23
4 27
4 34
4 24
4 21
4 24
4 19
4 20
4 30
7
4 39
5 07
4 58
5 «S
5 27
5 27
4 52
4 45
4 35
4 13
4 30
4 29
4 14
8
448
4 23
4 23
4 36
4 36
4 39
4 21
4 24
4 20
4 "7
4 10
4 18
4 ««
9
s 'Z
5 07
5 03
4 47
5 03
5 '5
4 54
4 50
4 47
4 50
4 39
4 48
450
10
448
4 54
5 «5
5 04
504
5 '3
5 07
4 50
4 5'
4 39
4 27
4 3«
4 26
II
5 09
4 23
4 57
4 47
4 30
4 ii
4 33
4 29
4 21
4 18
4 15
4 «5
4 07
13
4 34
4 36
4 25
4 25
4 29
4 43
4 5«
4 24
4 09
4 15
4 21
4 26
4 "
13
4 54
4 54
4 59
5 o«
S 30
S 20
5 20
4 55
4 44
4 52
4 50
4 5'
4 44
14
4 54
4 56
442
4 47
4 54
4 54
4 50
5 "
5 16
5 >3
4 5'
5 23
5 32
>S
5 '9
5 04
S08
4 54
5 7
5 03
4 59
5 00
4 48
5 01
4 45
4 46
4 46
16
5 21
4 42
5 05
5 25
506
5 05
5 35
5 '9
5 19
5 24
5 '5
4 57
5 05
17
4 50
5 «o
5 37
5 27
508
5 '3
4 41
5 20
S08
5 38
5 21
5 '9
5 19
18
S08
4 52
5 '5
5 05
5 54
5 05
5 «4
S08
508
5 06
5 17
5 07
4 57
19
4 35
4 40
5 2'
4 45
5 03
5 27
5 39
5 "
5 03
503
5 03
4 52
4 52
30
5 «7
5 26
5 'o
4 58
5 'o
S 20
5 04
5 25
5 25
5 '3
5 16
5 '0
5 15
31
4 49
508
S 08
5 '4
5 34
5 'o
5 OS
4 47
4 49
5 07
5 07
5 01
5 '5
33
5 04
5 "0
5 04
5 '3
4 48
5 'o
5 34
4 54
5 23
5 >3
4 55
4 40
5 3'
23
5 09
5 40
5 '3
5 'o
5 "9
5 '«
5 07
4 52
506
5 of.
4 42
5 29
4 49
a4
4 47
5 >o
5 >5
5 04
5 05
4 n
5 '3
4 56
5 17
5 o«
S 23
5 07
IS
2J
5 "J
5 56
633
(^11
5 54
5 '•
6 25
6 44
508
4 57
5 23
5 '9
36
4 48
6 03
S 56
4 57
5 28
5 33
5 22
5 43
5 25
5 39
5 39
5 ii
5 26
27
4 5«
4 50
4 48
4 5<'
4 52
4 52
4 55
5 «9
5 28
5 28
5 25
5 >9
5 09
38
5 22
5 41
S 33
5 23
5 32
5 34
5 34
5 25
4 44
5 20
5 24
5 26
5 25
39
5 54
5 «o
5 "5
5 >2
5 27
5 27
5 52
5 «7
5 o«
5 '6
5 43
5 '3
5 21
30
Mean
4 59
5 17
5 'o
4 56
5 "
5 23
5 26
5 '3
5 '4
5 21
5 35
5 00
5 07
5 00
5.3
506
4 59
5 07
5 09
5U
5 03
456
4 58
4 57
4 56
4 55
Note.— Correction applied to origlnil record : For polarity south, + 15; for circle west, — 10; for face east, — so ; total, — ij.
THE LADY F&ANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
625
nueil.
Noon.
4 S6
28
4 4«
ss
4 49
S4
500
2S
4 28
53
4 56
20 4 30
29 4 «4
18 4 '«
48 450
31 426
IS 4 07
26 4 «« 1
«i
4 44
21
5 32
46
4 46
S7
50s
19
5 '9
07
4 57
52
4 52
10
5 «5
) o'
5 «S
> 40
5 3«
<, 29
4 49
5 07
5 '9
1^
5 33 1 5 26 1
5 ><»
5 09
5 26
5 25
5 >3
5 21
5 00
5 07
APRII,. 1883.
Magnetic dif>, Fort Coni^tr, Lady Franklin flay, Grinncll iMnd, (Difi-circlf No. 19. JVeedle No, 2) — Conrinued.
So" t- U'"'!"' qunntity. ^ M' J[\' 00" i. -64° 4,)' 50"
•3
4 55
4 58
«4
o t
1^1
53
45
\l\
50!
57 1
29
47
12
40
'5
49
44
5 22
5 «o
4"
58
22
21
50
23
30
27
a6
54
«5
«9
5 00
'5
16
/
48
59
• 9
14
09
•V 23
4 16
18
03
29
18
3«
08
02
«3
5 01
57
13
5'
"9
23
30
45
27
S«
38
38
3"
5 31
4 47
5 26
4 47
5 00
5 «3
6 18
5 04
(fi'Ktin^cn h< nn.
t7
4
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
5 07
4
4
4
5
4
5
4
5
5
6
5
5
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
35
37
26
18
45
14
45
II
03
22
«3
18
38
40
46
18
00
17
c»
13
02
5 02
18
5 36
4 55
5 07
4 58
5 42
4 28
5 24
25
07
32
S3
3«
56
47
00
43
5 04
19
4 29
5 4'
47
21
3'
•5
•5
37
25
40
25
43
53
50
47
40
03
46
27
16
04
53
42
52
17
02
30
50
14
43
5 04
30
« /
42
34
37
14
16
33
26
55
50
35
25
07
55
49
37
56
if>
45
12
3<
49
34
53
01
02
59
46
S 22
4 55
5 00
5 09
5 06
4 52
33
23
1
/ i
46 i
03'
14
II
28 I
40
18 I
22 .
1;
55
34 J
43
42
S^
39
42
08 !
4
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
6
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
S
5 24
4 58
4 Si
5 09
4 a
34
45
45
48
06
01
58
Keading
of mag-
netic
ineriilian.
5 >8
4 58
66
66
(>6
6f)
66
64 38
66 34
66 34
66 04
66 14
66 27
66 41
66 41
66 41
65 59
66 36
66 36
66 36
66 08
66 08
67 II
07 II
06 35
66 35
6635
66 48
67 00
66 41
66 43
66 37
Setting of I , , ,
circle.
month,
I
3
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
13
•3
•4
'5
16
"7
18
•9
20
21
22
23
24
^5
26
27
28
29
30
Mean.
U. Mis. 393, pt 2-
-4U
026
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
4
|:m
) i"
MAY. 1883.
Maj^netic dip, Fort Conger, Lafy Frank/in Bay, Grlnnell Lind, [Dip-fhcle No. 19. Meedle No. 2) — Continued.
8o° + tabulni-.HiaiUity. y = 81° 44' 00" / — 64° 43' 50"
I)av uf niuntli.
I
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
10
II
12
"3
'4
15
l(>
'7
18
"9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3«
Mean
(Ji'iltinticii hours.
0
0 /
0 /
2
0 /
3
0 /
4
0 /
5
0 /
6
0 /
7
0 /
S
0 /
0 /
10
■•
Noon.
0 /
0 /
0 /
5 <«
5 'f'
5 '2
5 "6
5 "4
4 50
4 43
4 57
5 '4
5 '7
5 14
5 03
5 '7
5 '5
508
4 55
4 55
5 09
5 00
4 S«»
4 52
4 49
5 18
5 '9
5 3'
5 20
5 20
5 3"
4 52
4 4^
4 52
4 5<>
4 59
4 58
4 52
4 50
4 54
4 5"
5 09
5 oq
4 36
4 41
4 41
5 09
5 '4
4 59
5 00
4 50
448
4 50
4 45
4 50
4 4«
4 40
5 '7
5 «7
5 17
4 57
4 50
4 54
448
4 5'
4 58
4 55
4 44
4 55
4 47
4 01
4 3<>
4 31
4 43
4 3'
4 3<'
436
5 00
5 07
5 >2
5 04
5 04
4 36
508
4 02
4 54
4 54
4 45
4 iS
4 21
4 35
4 45
4 37
4 4<
4 43
4 26
4 26
4 3-^
4 39
4 27
4 35
4 38
4 45
4 47
448
4 51
-', 50
4 >o
4 52
4 49
4 59
5 •«
5 >7
4 45
4 45
4 4>
4 27
4 3'
4 47
4 4^
4 52
5 01
5 17
4 25
4 52
452
4 55
4 52
5 04
4 52
4 52
5 02
4 46
4 57
4 55
4 S3
5 o'
4 59
4 57
4 53
4 52
4 54
4 54
5 09
500
5 '2
5 19
5 «7
5 30
5 '4
5 29
S 34
5 18
4 5"
5 3'
5 '9
4 50
4 56
5 09
558
5 25
5 38
5 02
5 58
5 22.
5 54
5 58
5 40
5 06
5 20
5 3'
5 '3
5 n
5 02
5 "
5 '9
s 0--
5 32
5 n
4 4f'
5 '4
5 '5
5 15
S 3'
5 "
4 39
4 57
5 '0
5 02
4 58
4 59
5 '5
5 o'
4 55
4 58
4 53
4 47
4 59
5 01
506
5 01
5 °Z
5 08
4 59
4 54
5 "2
4 43
5 "4
4 58
5 15
5 >■
5 12
5 'o
5 '4
5 'o
5 «7
448
4 48
448
4 56
4 5'
5 '2
4 59
5 o'
5 13
5 '5
4 5'<
5 '4
501
4 5'>
S 06
5 if>
5 20
5 "
5 02
5 23
5 30
4 40
5 07
4 57
5 06
5 00
5 '«
5 "7
5 29
5 22
S 02
5 "
5 43
5 25
5 20
5 '3
5 22
5 05
5 'o
5 •(>
5 «<>
4 50
4 52
5 20
4 59
5 06
4 5'
4 46
4 47
4 SO
4 49
4 50
5 °l
5 '9
5 08
4 53
5 3«
5 37
4 45
4 45
4 4«
4 41
4 54
4 50
4 44
4 58
4 58
5 27
5 03
5 oS
5 23
4 39
4 3b
4 38
4 44
4 44
4 42
4 40
5 '9
5 07
5 '2
5 25
4 55
5 00
4 ii
4 33
4 28
4 30
4 37
4 37
4 39
4 47
4 35
5 04
5 02
4 37
4 50
4 55
438
4 53
5 05
4 04
4 59
4 Sf'
5 «7
5 '7
5 >:
5 «7
5 n
4 57
4 4')
4 48
4 49
4 50
4 43
4 39
4 3<>
5 20
5 »3
5 29
4 37
5 00
4 47
438
4 40
4 34
4 46
4 4<>
4 4f>
4 3f'
4 3f'
4 55
I °'
4 38
4 34
4 34
5 '5
5 06
5 06
5 «3
5 07
5 >2
5 '2
5 '5
5 «9
5 '9
5 '5
5 15
5 05
5 '8
5 o'
4 58
5 03
5 03
5 14
5 «8
5 00
4 56
4 55
4 5'
4 59
4 4.^
5 03
5 03
5 05
5 SI
5 23
5 '0
5 '7
5 '4
5 04
5 00
5 00
4 57
4 59
4 53
4 53
4 45
4 52
4 52
4 52
4 42
4 3''
4 38
438
4 36
4 40
4 4^^
S 0'
5 00
4 55
5 00
4 53
5 00
4 59
5 01
4 59
5 03
4 59
5 00
5 01
Note.— Correction applied to original record : — 15', as in nreceding month.
OCTOBE' , 1882, TO J UNI-;, 1883.
Pj'capit: httioii of moitthly means of hourly values of dips. Fort Conifer, Lady Franklin Bay, Grinnell Land,
So'' -f tabular uantitv rt= 81° 44' 00" A . — 64° 43' 50" —4'' 18'" 55.3" (or 4'' 58'" 41.5" W. of Giitlingen).
GSttingen hours.
1S82.
October
November . .
December ..
1.S83.
January
"I'V-nary ..
March
April
May
I
58
53
5<'
5 o'
5 00
5 06
5 00
5 01
4 59
4 57
5 00
5 02
5 00
5 "4
5 03
5 00
4 59
4 53
5 04
5 02
4 5<>
5 "1
5 of'
4 55
Wcighte.1 me.'tn . 4 59 5 01 4 59
//. w.
Local time . | 19 01
'/. III.
20 01
/;. III.
21 01
o /
5 06
4 5'
5 07
5 "'
5 o"
5 02
4 59
5 00
5 05
4 52
5 05
5 05
5 01
5 02
5 07
4 53
5 00
5 01
//. III.
22 01
h. III.
23 01
5 o()
4 52
5 00
5 00
4 58
5 02
5 09
5 00
5 oS
4 53
5 o>
5 «■>
5 02
4 58
5 '•
4 59
o /
5 "
4 59
5
01
5 01
5 00
5 "2
5 02
5 01
5 04
4 59
5 02
4 59
5 02
5 00
4 5*^'
4 59
9
10
0 /
0 /
5 o'
5 03
4 59
5 02
5 oi
4 58
5 "'
5 00
5 02
5 02
5 03
5 03
4 58
4 57
5 03
4 59
5 00
5 01
5 01
5 00 5 01
5 00
5 01
5 01
//. III.
o 01
//. III.
I 01
h. III.
2 01
ti. m.
3 01
//. m.
4 01
/i. III.
5 01
h. m.
6 01
h. m.
7 01
TIIK LADY FUANKLIX IJAY KXPHDITION.
627
•Contiiuied.
Noon.
5 «4
S oj
S '9
s 31
4 54
4 SI
4 so
4 45
4 58
4 55
S 07
5 "2
4 45
4 37
448
4 5<
4 31
4 47
4 52
5 02
S 09
S 00
4 5&
4 S<i
S 20
5 31
s «s
5 31
4 53
4 47
5 «4
S 10
4 5«
5 12
S "
S 02
5 02
5 II
5 20
4 59
S 3'
5 37
508
5 2.5
4 55
5 00
4 37
4 50
5 II
4 57
S 00
4 47
4 34
4 34
s 15
5 OS
4 59
4 45
4 57
4 59
4 40
4 46
5 00
5 01
II
Noon.
0 /
0 /
5 00
4 59
5 04
502
5 01
5 07 j
4S8
5 00 1
5 03
5 03
s 03
502
4 50
4 55
5 00
S 01
5 01
SOI
//. m.
h. m.
6 Of
7 01
MAY, 1883.
Magnetic dipy Fort Con \^fr, f.udv Franklin Bi\\ Grinnell [.vtd. (Difi-cin/,- .V<. 19. .\'r<;//r X<>. 2) — Cominuud.
80^ ! I;ilnilar iiuanlity. o = Sl°44'oo'' a - <'4° 4j' 50"
'3
5 oj
Cu'ittingeii hours.
14
IS I If)
18
19
51
15
51
47
56
54
4
5
4
4
4
4
4 41
4 40
5 04
5 II
5 15
5 02
16
28
17
52
5 13
5 00
4 59
5 2J
S lo
4 56
4 45
4 28
4 37
5 25
5 22
4 52
5 04
5 35
4 59
5 13
5 02
5 04
5 02
5 '7
5 '6
4 59
5 05
5 19
5 26
4 59
4 41
4 ii
4 40
30
5f'
00
5 31
4 54
5 20
20
17
•5
18
5 01
5 17
4 34
5 07
4 55
5 oS
4 SO
5 OI
5 14
5 OS
4 39
5 '(^
5 'o
5 20
5 04
55
'3
•9
44
14
13
48
47
01
4
5
5
4
5
5
4
4
5
5
5 07
5 2()
S 01
4 40
4 43 ,
4 40 '
5 04
4 52 !
5 24 I
5 04 !
5 06 I
5 2b j
4 59
4 45 I
4 04 I
4 52
20
^^
22 i
4
55
5
21
5
10
5
'5
5
14
IS
18
5
4
5
5
5
5
S
4 39
5 OS
5 02
5 10
5 >4
10
55
21
10
'5
14
S"
20
42
32
20
55
00
1 8
■5
04
18
04
01
17
01
50
02
14
5 07
5 '5
5 16
5 20
5 x"'
4 4^'
5 Oi
5 02
5 05
5 2i
5 '5
5 "o
4 i^
4 44
5 09
58
35
59
09
15
53
18
17
5 09
4 58
14
02
10
47
53
20
4 4''
5 05
•5 "4
5 '5
5 "5
>7
o.i
10
47
43
iS
40
02
01
05
53
09
5
5
5
4
4
5 24
5 0-!
13
07
14
II
(X)
23
44
12
39
57
oS
2S
15
ix>
15
"3
oO
S'l
09
54
41
47
5"
18
19
58
04
49
50
42
02
02
23
5 00
4 52
Roadini; „ ... - '
f „ Sctlini; of
of mni'- . ". I , , , ,
netic I '^''""""' Day 111 month.
. •■ circlf.
inericliaii.
oS i
o()
48 !
38 i
55 ;
50
5 27
5 2.i
5 3i
S 07
5
5
08
02
oS
23
55
2S
S>
2.i
I(>
02
19
4 52
4 5'
4 5(>
5 07
S 08
5 02
5<
03
59
10
13
'7
21
16
II
46
29
OI)
01
•7
16
04
49
42
55
57
05
4 49
5 07
5 12
S 14
5 OS
65 16
65 47
f>5 SO
66 42
66 24
66 00
66 00
67 28
66 23
66 so
67 12
67 55
66 52
6s 16
"5 52
67 00
67 20
<'5 57
66 s8
f>5 58
60 00
(>S 35
66 05
66 25
60 20
60 22
6s 12
'>5 45
6() 19
66 19
5 07
5 05
5 04
S 08
5 05
5 u<J
5 ^'4
5 04
5 02
t
a
3
4
9
to
II
13
13
>4
\l
\l
»9
20
31
33
3;
24
'i
26
27
28
29
30
31
NKmh,
OCTOBER, 1882, TO JUNK, 1883.
Recapitulation of monthly means of hourly values 0/ dips, Fort Coni^cr^ Lady Franklin Bay, Grin mil Land.
80° -|- tabular quantity.
,>=:8i°44'oo"
> = -640 43' 50"
■ 4'' iS"' 55.3' (or 4I' 58"' 41.5' W. of C'.oltiiifjen).
Got
17
0 /
4 59
5 00
4 59
5 02
5 01
5 09
5 02
5 04
tinycii ho
18
0 /
4 58
•^ 58
4 59
5 00
5 05
5 oS
5 04
5 08
irs.
19
0 /
4 59
4 56
501
5 01
4 56
5 OS
5 04
5 OS
•
21
23
Monthly
mean.
Weight.
1
I
I
1
1
<3
0 /
5 08
S 03
S 02
5 04
5 04
5 03
4 58
5 03
14
0 /
5 04
5 00
S 02
5 00
S OS
5 04
5 CO
5 01
IS
5 04
5 00
5 03
5 01
5 00
5 o()
SOI
S 07
16
20
0 /
5 04
5 00
5 01
5 03
4 57
5 oc)
5 00
5 o()
22
0 /
5 00
5 01
5 00
5 00
5 00
5 10
5 04
5 05
0 /
s °\
4 56
4 59
5 00
4 58
5 07
4 52
5 04
4 57
4 54
5 00
4 56
4 58
5 oS
4 5,S
5 04
0 /
1 55
4 57
5 01
5 02
4 59
5 03
4 58
5 02
0 /
4 f'S. 6
4 57-5
4 f"-3
4 60.8
4 60. 6
4 64. 3
4 60. 9
4 61. 6
1882.
Ocloher.
Novenilier.
December.
1S83.
January.
I'ehruary.
March.
.April.
May.
Weighteil mean.
Local tune.
5 03
5 02
5 03
5 03
5 02
5 03
5 CI
S 02
4 59
5 00
5 00 : 5 01.2
h. m.
8 01
h. m.
9 01
//. m.
10 01
//. ;//.
/i. III.
12 01
//. III.
13 01
//. w.
14 01
//. III.
15 01
//. Ill,
16 01
17 01
/(. III.
18 01
- -
628
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAT EXPEDITION.
The final result for the magnetic dip at Fort Conger tor the epoch February, 1883, is therefore 85° 01' N.; and comparing
this result with the value found in 1875-76 by the officers of the Discovery, viz, 84° 50', it would appear that the dip has been
on the increase between these epochs at an average ««««(// rate of 1.6'; yet this result should be regarded a weak one.
With still less certainty can we deduce the law of the diurnal variation of the dip, notwithstanding that each hourly value
is derived from more than 200 observations ; this inequality seems at any rate omall, perhaps of 4' or 5' range, with a maximum
value about two hours before (local) noon and a minimum about four hour:: before midnight. If there be a double progression
in the diurnal variation our series is not competent to verify it, the mstrumental means employed being inadequate to yield
such close results.
With the dip Hz.-&s^° 01' and the horizontal component If of the magnetic intensity = 1.118 we derive the vertical
component Fand total force F, as follows:
At Fort Conger, for epoch 1882.2:
Intensity.
In Briti.sh units
In Gaussian unit!>
In C. («. S. units (dynes)
If
I. 118
o-S'SS
0.05155
/'
12. 822
5-9>2
0.5912
12. 870
S-934
o- 5934
This would indicate an increase of the total intensity since 1875-76 of 12.870—12.559 or 0.311 British units of force
(.0143 dynes) if we take the results by the magnetometer of the British expedition; but if we take a mean between this and
the results by the Lloyd dip-needles of that expedition we get an annual increase of
0.0037 dynes.
12.870 — 12.392
= 0.080 British units or
NOTE ON AURORAL DISPLAYS IN CONNECTION WITH MAGNETIC OBSERVATIONS.
"Three Years of Arctic Service" contains many references to auroras, and in Appendix XIII, Vol. II, pp. 410-418, several
descriptions are given of the auroral displays accompanying the great magnetic storm of November 15-19, 1882,* and page 418
of Vol. II contains a list showing dates on which auroras were observed by the expedition at Fort Conger and on the retreat
from the station. The dates given below were transferred from that page, but subsequently revised from data deciphered in
letter-press copy. On August 18, 1881, the party commenced preparations for the construction of their quarters, and occupied
them up to August 9, 1883, on which day the station was abandoned. The last day of sunlight was noted on October 15, 1881,
and the sun reappeared February 28, 1882.
Dates on which auroras were observed at Fort Conger.
Year.
Month.
Days of month.
Remarks.
Year.
Month.
Days of month.
Remarks.
1881
1881
1881
1881
1882
1882
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Jan.
Feb.
21.
16, 19, 22, 25, 26, 28 to 30, incl.
10, 14, 20, 231025, incl., 27, 28.
5,11,14,17.19, 20.
10, If, 19,21 to 23, incl.
I, II, 15, 17, 19 to 21, incl., 23.
During the first win-
ter there were
noted 37 auroras in
22weeks,ornear!y
2 per week.
1882
1882
1882
1883
1883
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
l^b.
2 to 4, incl., 6, 7, 9, 10, 22 to 24, incl.
2,4,6,7, 9 to II, incl., 13 to 19, incl.,
20,21,23,24,25,28,29.
I to 12, incl., 14 to 17, incl., 28, 29.
I, 3 to 5, incl., 7 to ID, incl., 13, 16, 27.
3,5,10,14,18,24,27.
During the second win-
ter there were noted
67 auroras in 21
weeks, or 3 per week.
NOTES FROM "THREE YEARS OF ARCTIC SERVICE."
Lieutenant Greely remarks (" Three Years of Arctic Service," Vol. I, j). 158) that the arch was the most common form after
the streamer during the auroral displays of the first winter, and that magnetic disturbances were rare during colorless and slowly
changing forms. "The aurora of October 28, 1881. although of short duration, was marked by heavy magnetical disturbances,
*The year 1883, as given in "Three Years of .\rctic Service", is a clerical error. It must be rej;rettc(l that by an unfortunate mistake the original
record of auroras was left behind at Fort Conger, ami that the letter -press copy of the duplicate record was rendered very illegible through unavoidable
exposure to dampness at Caiu[) Clay and Cape Sabine, so that full descriptions are not .ilways <lecipherable.
!,,■' '
THK LADY FRANKLIN liAY EXPEDITION.
629
id comparing
; dip has been
ik one.
hv^urly value
1 a maximum
le progression
luate to yield
e the vertical
units of force
ween this and
British units or
ONS.
10-418, several
• and page 418
I on the retreat
I deciphered in
1, and occupied
tober 15, 1881,
Remarks.
gthesecond win-
here were noted
auroras in 21
ks, or 3 per week.
mon form after
less and slowly
d disturbances,
istake the original
ough unavoidable
which attained the maximum eight minutes after the last ray faded." The aurora of November 24, 1881, was accompanied by
magnetic disturbances. " In the display of January 19, 1882, there was a beautiful auroral arch, from horizon to horizon, in the
magnetic meridian, during the presence of which the needle was greatly disturbed, swinging repeatedly olT tiie scale." " The
aurora of January 21, 1882, was wonderful beyond description; • • • despite the remarkable duration and extent of the
aurora, the magnet was but slightly disturbed." The aurora of February 1, 1882, was unaccompanied by magnetic disturbances.
From Vol. II, p. 8, we copy: " From November 14 to 19 (1882) the wonderful magnetic storm, which was general through-
out the world, prevailed at Fort Conger perhaps with greater intensity than at any other point. Tiie amoral displays were
magnificent on those days, and are imperfectly recorded in an appendix (No. XIII, above referred to). The storm culminated
on the 17th, on which date the magnetic needle ranged in variation considerably over 19°, and a brilliant aurora was
visible continuously for nine hours." The extreme range in the angular motion of the needle between the i6th and 17th
of nearly 20^° has already been noted. In Vol. II, p. 4x1, Lieutenant Greely remarks on the behavior of the magnet
during this aurora: "November 17. — Sergeant Gardiner called me at 5 a. m. to observe a very brilliant and remarkable
aurora. He said that its greatest beauty had vanished before I saw it. * * * A very marked magnetic disturbance
appeared at the same time, and I ordered five-minute readings to be taken. ♦ • * Lieutenant Lockwood assisted in tl.e
work to-d.ay. The five-minute readings were continued throughout the day. • • • November 18. — The magnetic dis-
turbance still continues. Five-minute readings were made until 9 p. m. (Washington mean time), when the disturbance
apparently ceased. • • • November 19. — Magnetic disturbance again occurred, and five-minute readings were kept up
from s p. ni. Aurora appeared shortly after the disturbance of the magnet commenced. • ♦ • November 20. — Five-
minute readings continued the greater part of the day, owing to the recurrring magnetic disturbance."
COLLECTION OF MAGNETIC DECLINATIONS OBSERVED DURING GEOGRAPHICAL EXPLORATIONS.
The results interspersed in Lieutenant Greely's Narrative • are here collected for convenience of reference. The latitude
and longitude of the stations when not given were supplied by means of the map following page 36, Vol. 11 of the Narrative,
The true azimuths were obtained from bearings of the sun.
Locality.
Camp 3, near Devil's Head _ ,
Between Camps 2 and 3, near Lake
Rogers.
At Camp 6, on Cobb River, shore of
Lake Hazen.
Camp 1 1 , north of Mount Arthur
Grinnell Land.
))o.
Do.
Furthest Camp, south shore of Greely
Fiord.
On ice, off Cape Camperdown
.
Latitude.
West
longitude.
0 /
81 47
81 51
81 4S
81 20
81 00
81 08
81 05
80 48. 6
79 CO. 6
i
6 /
66 16
67 50
71 IS
74 10
70 41
73 41
74 41
78 26
74 45
Date of observation.
May 27, 1882.
June 27, 1882.
West
declination.
o /
I02 10
«o3 30
June 29, 1882 108
July 4,1882 .- 114
.M.iy 2,1883 "I 55
May 10,1883 108 13
May 11,1883
May 14,15,1883...
Observer.
Sergeant Israel .
Reference.
Sept. 7, 1883,5''?. '"•
Vol. I, p. 358
Lieutenant dreely . . Vol. I, p. 373
do .' Vol. I, p. 387
. ...do Vol.1, p, 398
Lieutenant Lockwouil and j MS. record.
Sergeant Brainarl.
do i Do.
do I Do.
115 14 do ...I Vol. n, p. 36
i i
105 09 Sergeant Israel Vol. ILp. 1 19
To have our final results at Fort Conger ready for comparison or combination with other older results in this locality
they are herewith repeated :
[/?= declination; S = dip; /r= horizontal ; /"= total force.]
Locality.
I-'"""'^'-"- loSude. Date of observ-ition.
West declina-
tion, dip
and intensity.
!
Remarks. i
1
Fort Conger, magnetic observatory ...
Do
0 /
81 44.0
81 44.0
81 44.0
81 44.0
6 r
64 43- 8
64 43- 8
64 43. 8
64 43- 8
Sept. 1,1881, to July, 1882;
Aug., 1882, to July, 18S3,
inclusive.
Oct., 1882, to May, 1883,
inclusive.
Sept., 1881, to Aug., 1883
D r^ 100° 34'
e= 85° 01'
lH= I. 118
\ / = 12. 870
1
Lieutenant Greely, Sergeant Israel,
and other members of the Expedi-
tion,
Epoch for D, 1883.0. -
Eiroch for 0, //, and i\ 18S2.2.
Do
Do.
*Three Years of Arctic Service, an account of the I^ady Franklin Bay Exi)edition of l88l-'84, and the attainment of the Farthest North
A. W. Greely, lieutenant U. S. A. Two vols. New York, Charles Scribner's Sons, 1886.
l!y
6^0
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY KXPEDITION.
11
For convenience of reference I append the following general collection of magtiLtic results, covering the region north of
the head of B.itfiti's Bay and entrance to Smith Strait from latitude 77° northward, taken from the several publications of the
American Arctic Expeditions, vi/. :
Dr. E. K. Kaiu", i85.?-'54-'S5, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Washington, 1858.
Dr. I. I. H.iyc.s, i86o-'6i, Smithsonian Contrihiitions to Knowleilgc, No. 196, Washington, 1867.
Capt. C. F. Hall, lS7l-'72-'7j, .Scientilic Rosulis of the U. S. Arctic Kxpd'n. Vol. I, I'hysical Observations, by Dr. E. Hessels,* Wash-
ini;ton, rS7f).
The (lively Kclli'f r,\|iiu!ltii)n, U. S. N., iSS;. Naval I'rofossion.al Papers, No. 19. The Variation of the Compass, Washington, 1886.
And from the results i)f thj ohscrvatmns ina'lc by tlie Hritish Expedition under Capt. G. S. Nares, 1875-76, Proceedings of
the Royal Society, No. 196, 1879, paper by Stall'-Coininander E. W. Creak, R. X.t
Locality.
I /' = declination; ^'=:dip; //t= horizontal ; /•"= total force.]
i Latitude. ! , ^^•?*', ' Date.
Van Rcn.sselaer Harbor, Fern Rock
Observatory.
Uo
Do
Do _. .. ...
Dakluyt Island, olV Whale SouniP
Bedeviled Kt'.ich, Cape Grinnell . .
Marshall iir.y
Port Koulke, Observatory Hartstenc Hay
Do ._..'
Do
Do
Netlik, Whale Sound .
Do
Do
Norllmmberland Island
Starr Island, Smith Strait
Cairn Point, Smith Strait .
Littleton Island, .smith Strait
;;aie Point, Cadogan Inlet'
Hakhiyt Island, olV Whale Sound' . ..
Last Camji, Smith Strait- ... .
Camj) Separ.ition, Kane Uasin . . .
Potato ( amp, Kane Hasin
■icouse Camp, Kane Biisin
Cache on tloe. Kane Hasin
L.'ape f lawks^
Foggy Camp, between Cape Frazer
and Cape Napoleon.''
Polaris Bay, Hall Land
Do
First Camp, Hall Land _.
Second Station, Hall Land
Third Station, Hall Land
Fourth Station, Hall Land .
Fifth Station, Hall Land
Near entrance to Kennedy Channel.
Kane Basin .
Do...
Do.... . .
7S 37
7S 37
7837
7837
77 20
78 3 1
78 5'
78 18
78 iS
78 18
78 iS
77 08
77 08
7708
77 21
78 18
7831
78 22
78 13
77 20
7838
7846
78 5(i
79 19
79 20
79 3.?
79 41
81 36
81 36
81 35
81 38
81 41
82 00
81 39
80 02
79 43
79 36
79 36
70 5.5 June 9, 26, 1S54 .
70 53
70 S3
70 Si
72 30
7' .34
08 54
73 00
73 00
73 00
73 00
71 22
71 22
71 22
72 20
73 06
72 59
73 io
76 08
72 30
71 48
72 08
72 io
72 53
72 53
73 «S
71 45
62 15
62 IS
O2 00
60 30
58 30
58 00
58 IS
684s
(>9 IS
68 00
68 45
Jan. to lune, 1S54; A|ir.
lo May, 1S55.
J Ian. to June, 1 8154 )
t .May, 1855 ...: \
June 21, 185s
.Aug. 12, 1S53 .
.Sept. 3, 1853
July.
1861
.do .
.do .
Magnetic
results.
Aug.
: Oct.,
Apr.,
i July.
! Aug.,
I May,
1S61..
do ...
do ...
do ...
i860 ..
1861 ..
1861 ..
-do ...
1S61..
1861..
-do ...
.do ...
.do ..
.li.i
do ...
.do ...
D : :
0=:
11
0:
D--
fi-
ll.
\, !■-
.-! D-
e-.
II.
D
D--
n-.
0-
fl.
D
D .
D
D-.
I).
D--
D.
Jan. to May, 1872..
do.
I Oct. 11,1871,2'' 40"' p. m .
I Oct. 12, 1871,0'' 42'" p. m .
Oct. 13, 1871, noon
! Oct. 19, 1871, 7''03'n p. m .
' Oct. 23, 1871,0'' 38"" p. m .
I Aug. 16, 1872,6'! IS"' p. m.
I Aug. 18, 1872, 6'' 23'n p. m.
I Aug. 24, 1872, 6'' 21"! p. m.
Sept. 5, 1872, 4'' GO'" p. m..
loS" 12'
84»4S-8'
I- "39
12.48
'•344
: 85° oS'
84° 49'
1 11° 40'
85° 02'
1.084
: 12.521
106° 49'
: 84° 58'
: I. no
106° 00'
: 109° 45'
1 10" 09'
= 84° 43'
: 85021'
: 85000'
: IO8O 36'
: IO5O 04'
: 105° 34'
: 112° 06'
"3° 52'
: 115° 38'
: I060 53'
Z>.^ 960
6..
84° 23'
D =
95"
D .
97.1°
D =
960
D---.
100.60
D^
97°
z>.
107° 58'
0 =
107° 39'
D:=
1070 49'
D
107.20
Observer.
K K. Kane ami A. Sonntag.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
\. L Haves, H, G. Raduliff.
H. G. Kadcliir.
Do.
Do.
H. G. Kadcliir and S. I. McCormick.
H. G. Radclilt.
Do.
H. G. Kadclifl". (?)
A. .Sonntag.
L L Have.s and S. J. McCormick.
H. G. Kadcliflf.
Do.
Do.
L L H.iyes.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
C. F. Hall and E. Bessels; Bryan and
Meyer.
E. Bessels.
C. F. Hall.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
1'". Meyer.
Do.
Do.
Observer not stated.
'Geographical position corrected.
'Longitude corrected. (See track on cliart in Contributions to Knowledge.)
^In consequence of the corrected positions of Foggy Camp and Cape Hawks corresponding corrections were made in the positions, Camp Separation, Potato Camp,
Scouse Camp, and Cache. It is ray belief i which Is shared l)y Dr. Bessels and by certain members of the Greely Expedition) tliat on tliis trip Dr. Hayes did not reach
beyond the latitude .d Cape Jiisepli Good '^ = 8o» i6'), which he mistook for Cape Liel>cr. l'"or my reasons for supposing that Dr. Hayes was here stopped by patches
of open water at Kawllngs Bay on his northern trip in May, 1861, see an article in "Science," Vol. VII, No. 159, February tg, 1886.
*The Results were collated by me with Dr. Besscl's Narrative (in German), " The American North Polar Expedition, by E. Bessels, Leipzig, 1879."
Scientilic Ap|>en(li.\ 11.
t The publication of the parliamentary paper, " Results derived from the .\rctic Expedition, 1875-76," session of 1879, is not accessible to me.
/
jion north of
ations of the
iessels,* Wash-
iini;ton, |S86.
roceeiiings of
nntag.
cliff.
J. McC'ormick.
Ict'uriiiick.
els; Bryan and
on, Potato Camp,
yes did not reach
opped by patches
Leipzig, 1879."
ssible to me.
THK LADY I-'UANKLIX BAY KXI'KDITION.
[Z? = declination; « = (ii|); //= liorizontal; /•'= totnl force. |
631
West
Kane Hasin 1 79 35
'>" - I 79 30
Uo >. 79 21
V)n 79 12
Van Rensselaer Harbor, Fern Kock ! 78 37
Observatory.
Port Foulke Observatory,. I 78 18
Polaris Mouse, near Life Boat Cove,
Smith Strait.
Northumberland Island . 77 19
78 23
Floeberg Beach...
bo
Do
Discovery Bay, oKservatory on shore J
Do.
Do.
at site of Fort Corgcr .
Near Port Foulke, Reindeer Point
1 lartstene Bay, on ice _ . .
Off East Cape, Franklin Pierce Bay- .
Dobbin Bay. _._
Off Hayes Point, on ice'
On ice, near extreme northerly posi-
tion, Lincoln Sea.
Do..
Cape Sabine, Smith Strait
On ice, off Victoria Head .
Cape I'rescott' _.
Dobbin Bay
Do
Do
On ice, near Cape CoUinson
I lannah Island, Kennedy Channel
(.'ape Frazer ...
Near Cape Louis Napoleon..
< >n ice, Walrus Island
Rawlins Bay
.\t sea, off entrance to Whale Sound.
Do
82 27
82 27
82 27
81 44
81 44
81 44
78 18
78 19
79 25
79 40
79 3'>
83 16.S
83 «7-5
7842
79 16
79 26
79 41
79 41
79 4'
80 03
81 07
79 47
79 40
79 24
80 21
77 15
77 18
69 CX)
69 IS
70 00
70 30
70 53
73 00
72 S«
71 4S
61 22
61 22
61 22
64 44
64 44
64 44
73 00
72 56
74 30
73 06
72 00
62 40
62 40
74 20
74 «o
74 00
72 53
72 S3
72 S3
70 22
(>3 S3
71 19
72 OS
74 45
70 00
71 30
71 58
Mannclic
rcMills.
( )bscrvor.
Sept. 6, 1872, 4'' 26'" p.m..' /) 106.5°
Sept. 8, 1872, 4'' 25'" p.m.. /)— 105.3°
Sept. 14, 1872, 3I' 33'" p. m. O— 106.3°
Sept. 25, l872,3''p'ni . ... />. --102.6°
May IS, 1873, 8'' 07"' a. m . D 1106.5°
May 28, 1873, 9'' 21"' a. m. J) . ^ 1 10.3°
and 6'> 27"' j>. ni.
May 31 and June I, 1873, D r- 111,3°
6h 26'" p. m. and 6'> 20"'
a. m.
June 10, 1873, il'>23"' I /> - 104.9'
I Sept. 10, I!, Dec, 1875;
Jan. and Feb., 1876.
Nov., 1875, to Mar., 1876 .
.do.
\
Oct., 187s, to Mar., 1876..
Sept., 1875, to July, 1876.
Oct., 1875, to July, 1876 I
July 28, 1875
Aug. 9. 1875
Aug. II, 1875
Aug. 14, 1875
Aug. 16, 1875
May 6, 1876
May 8, 1876
July 31, i87S-_-.
Aug. 7, 1S7S ....
Aug. Q, 11,1875.
Aug. 14, 1875...
Aug. 29, 1876...
do
Aug. 21, 1875.
Aug. 24, 1875.
Aug. 24, 1876.
Aug. 25, 1876.
Sept. 9, 1876 . .
Aug. 21, 1876.
June 25, 1884 .
do ..
/?.= 97° 57'
fl =
//
/•=
D-
//
/■-
D
D
D-
D.
/> =
r>^
D-
D-
D
D-
D
/J =
D--
D--
0 =
84° 42'
■■ i'35'
: 12.284
: 101° 44'
: 84° 50'
: 1.119'
: 12.392
: I 10° 04'
; 1 10° 02'
111° 13'
107° 25'
: 111° 23'
: I02°
: 98°
: 107° 59'
:llO° 18'
1 10° 16'
108° 14'
r 109° 01'
: 85° IS'
: 106° 01'
.97°46'{?:
; 108° S9'
: \(xf 46'
; 111° 12'
: 85° 06'
D= 97° 59'
n — 100° 34'
• Jlwervcr not stated.
Do.
Do.
1)<..
Ilryan.
Do.
F. Bessels,
( )bserver not stated.
Capt. A. H. Markham and Lieut. G.
.\. Oiffard, of the .-//«/.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Lieut. R. H. Archer and Lieut. R. B.
Fulforil, of tlie DisiOTtry.
Do.
Do.
n.i.
Officers of the Alert.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Officers of the Discm'rry.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Lieut. I'". IT. Croiiby, steamer Bear.
Lieut. C Sebree, steamer Tlietis.
■ Mean of results by un'Blar instrument and Lloyd intensity needles.
' Longitude corrected.
The preceding records afford some means, however scant, of approximating to the annual change of the decHnation
between the period 1853-1883, and supposed the same to have acted uniformly.
We have already shown that at Fort Conger the annual diminution of west declination between 1876,0 and 1883.0 was
lo' nearly.
For Van Rensselaer Harbor we now find ,an annual diminution between 1854.5 and 1873.4 of 5', and at Port Foulke
between 1861.5 and 1873.4 an annual diminution of 7' ; also at Northu.^berland Island between 1861.6 and 1873.5 ^^ annual
diminution of 5'. From these results we may conclude that for the last twenty-five years, at least, the magnetic west declina-
tion has been annually decreasing by about 6' in the region of the Northwater, Smith Strait, and Kane Hasin, and that in the
region to the north of it and including the Hall Basin this decrease was more nearly 10' during the past decade.
About July 7, 1616, Bylot and Baffin, when off the entrance to Smith Sound, noted the variation of the compass 56° west.
This was probably in latitude 78° and in longitude —74°. The value of this observation can only he estimated after we shall
have accjuired a knowledge of the secular variation sufficient to fill up the gap of more than two centuries, in order to connect
it with modern observations.
632
THE LADY KRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
In his contribution to terrestrial magnetism, No. XIII (Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc, 1872, pp. 423-424), General Sir Edward
Sabine assumes for the Smith Strait region an annual diminution of the dip of 1' when reducing observed values to his epoch,
1842.5. For this he could have had but slender foun ' ition, but as the result deduced for the period 1875-83 indicates about
lyi' of annual increase, the inference is that the dip has changed here but very little since the middle of the century.
There are no means of knowing what changes, though supposed slight, the horizontal or total force has undergone during
this time.
'i;
» :
mw '''
; !
,4^i
sir Edward
his epoch,
cates about
y-
[one during
APPENDIX No. 139".
MAGNETIC REDUCTIONS, 1881-82.
634
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
if!'' hi
&\ ./
DeclinaHon of the ma):;neiic needle obsen^ed at Fort Con);;tr, Grinnell Land.
[Latituile, 8|° 44' N. ; longitude, 64° 45' W.; at uvon hours of Ciottin^vn mean time Instrument ^lAiuth it Co.) No. 12, U. S. Coast and Oeodetic
single divisions equal 2.737 minutes; values given
Magnetic varia-
tion W., 90"+.
0 I
'
3
4
, 5
6
1
7
8
9
10
II
0 /
0' ,
1
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 t
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
Sept. 17,1881
10 00. 5 9 31.9
9 49. 5
9 19. 2
9 04- 7
9 00. 8
8 29. 7
9 03. S
908.3
9 40. 5
9 44-2
9 SO. 8 1
Sept. 18, 1 88 1
9 28. 7 9 34. 6
9 28. 3
9 23.5
9 24- 3
9 29. 2
9 32 9
9 18.0
9 27-7
9 26. 5
9 28.3
9 23- *
Sept. 19, 18S1
10 03.2 9 55.8
9 53- •
I 5 07. 2
9 5°- 3
10 01. 0
9 5«. 4
9 53.9
9 43- 5
9 54.8
9 50.2
9 58.7
Oct. 20,1881
Broken lilior delayed be
;inning of
observations.
10 14.7
10 08. 2
10 13.0
10 39- 7
10 18.9
10 26.3
Oct. 21,1881
10 23.8
10 45-9
10 :■,!,■ 3 '
10 19.3
10 19.4
10 19.9
10 18.5
10 18.5
10 19.9
10 20.0
10 20.0
ID 31.0
Oct. 22, 1S81
10 47.0
9 S^-('
10 17.7
10 14.3
9 3«- 9
9 37. 0
9 44.0
10 28, 2
10 43-4
10 23. I
10 30. 3
10 46. 9
Oct. 2J, 1881
Nov. 20, 18.S1
10 47. 1
9 53- I
10 3 to
9 57- »
10 22. 2
10 Ql. 4
10 35-9
8 57.6
10 22. 5
10 18.7
10 35.8
9 22. 2
10 10.3
9 32. 9
"h'i^'i
"9'S2."6'
9'4S-"2"
Vs^-*
Nov. 21, 1881
9 55. f
9 49- 4
9 29.0
9 28.9
9 45- 8
9 45-4
938.3
9 46. I
9 42. G
9 45- 0
9 46.8
9 43. s
■ Nov. 22, 1881
IS 40 4
15 25.0
15 29- »
15 2f..3
11 21.2
II 27.1
II 24. 2
II 31.0
n 34-7
II 30.9
II 29.8
II 32.4
Dec. 20, 1881
••^ 55- 0
7 49-7
7 37-7
7 23. 7
7 12.5
7 04.4
S 53-9
5 54.0
6 48.6
6 32.8
6 43-8
6 28.9
Dec. 21, 1881
9 22. 7
9 26.4
9 07. 8
S 34- 2
9 00. 7
8 23.4
8 38. 8
8 32. 4
8 46.5
8 39-8
838.1
8 19.8
Dec. 22, 1881
9 39.0
lo 10 2
1 J 09. I
ID 05. 2
9 5^3
9 45-3
958.6
'j s-*' l
9 44-8
9 43-5
938.5
9 41.9
Jan. 20, 1S82
10 52.5
10 12.9
7 42-5
8 31. I
9 oS. I
9 19- I
8 53-7
8 04.8
8 09. 1
9 00.5
9 32.2
9 53.3
i Jan. 21, 1882
1 (an. 22, 1882
Hrealis.
13 21. I
13 10. 8
Caused bvl'rokeu liber
^7 20. 5
'7 37- 8
10 28. 9
9 20.4
9 •4-2
9 26 9
8 51.6
835-9
8 46. 4
9 28. 5
9 00. I
9 04. I
9 '75
9 17-6
"(an. 2^, 1882
8 49-5
■S 50.4
9 00. 3
8 31.6
9 10. 0
9 12. 0
9 07.3
9 11.3
9 07- 2
8 54. 8
8 42.9
9 n-7
Feb. 21,1882
9 53- '^
10 05. 9
9 46. 6
10 04.5
9 55- 5
9 19- 6
9 52.2
10 18.2
9 53-9
10 21. 8
10 07. 2
10 II. 4
Keb. 22, 1882
10 24. 8
10 50.4
10 25.6
10 31.4
10 26. 2
10 17.8
ic 32. I
10 36.0
9 50-7
10 22. 1
10 29. 6
10 il- '
Keb. 2}, 1SS2
10 36.0
10 14. 2
10 2S.0
9 57-S
10 00. 7
'0 36- S
9 58. I
10 41. 3
10 10.2
10 29. 8
10 38. 3
10 S4. 7
Mar. 16, 1SS2
•'7 04- 7
'5 59-4
'() 02. 4
V) 01.4
■'5 5o-^
■15 00.0
^4 48. 0
10 08.9
10 01. I
9 44-9
10 05. 3
9 59. 4
Mar. 17, 1S82
10 08.0
10 14.3
10 09. 4
10 03. 9
10 16.8
10 15.4
10 05. I
10 II. 4
10 24.0
10 23. 1
10 21.3
10 34. 8
Mar. 18, 1882
10 10. 0
10 08. 3
10 13.0
10 16.0
10 08.8
10 17,6
10 0(). 5
10 12.0
9 58. 5
10 23. 2
10 27. 5
10 38. I
.Apr. 20, 1882
11 II. 7
10 24. ()
1 1 39- 2
9 55-2
10 45..
9 44-9
9 41. 8
5 24-9
4 49-8
II 01. 3
6 47-9
10 34. I
Apr. 21, 1882
13 04. 6
11 11.5
9 00.5
8 18.2
8 00.2
7 i:-,- 6
741.8
6 53.7
8 13-3
8 17-3
9 00.7
8 48.0
Apr. 22. 1882
II 47- S
9 51- 2
9 310
9 03- 0
9 45 9
8 56.0
857.5
8 54.6
9 16.8
10 II. 2
9 42-9
8 53.0
May 19, 1882
>o 37-9
10 18.5
9 5''- I
9 12.0
9 43- 8
8 59- 4
9 07.5
842.7
9 45- 3
9 11.6
10 41. I
10 37.1
May 20, 18S2
10 09. 7
9 05.0
10 48. 8
9 30- "
8 57-9
833.4
10 10. 8
II 02.8
8 33.7
858.0
10 10. 0
9 05.7
M.iy 21,1882
10 Oo. 5
9 27- 5
10 18.0
10 01. I
JO 10. 5
10 05. I
9 24.2
10 05.5
10 29. 6
10 26. 2
9 54-9
10 04. 8
June 20, 1S.S2
10 51.9
II 25- 3
13 3>9
10 26.5
10 09. 3
10 08. 0
9 54-2
1 3 03. 5
10 52.8
10 39. 1
9 579
10 03.4
June 21,1882
II II. I
11,51.6
II 16.7
n 14.7
10 04. I
10 13. I
9 55.5
: 948-9
10 08.9
10 04. I
9 38. 7
8 40.7
June 22, 1882
.Sums.. •
10 26. 2
9 14 I
1 1 2S. 3
10 08.0
9 22. 2
8 50.6
9 31.1
; 958.9
9 36.8
9 54-3
10 14-7
II 12.8
291° i 281°
291°
2S3°
269°
1 263°
259°
270°
269°
279°
274°
279°
889. 0' j 889. 6'
785.7'
676.0'
730. 0'
769.5'
lOII. l'
j 849.7'
933- 7'
896. 6'
964. 7'
1013. 3'
1
o- /
0 /
0 /
0 /
! ° '
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
Means...
10 32.72
10 12.40
10 08. 19
9 48. S3
941.72
9 3°. 67
9 30. 73
9 28.32
9 29. 12
9 47- 8g
9 46. iC
9 51-78
NoTK. — (rrand menn of all observations (except those Interpolated and affected by torsion), 10° 12' 48.5". This mean is one minute greater than that derived from
the mean of the various hours.
f':
and Oecxletic
>; values given
, 2
•3
. 2
■')
.O
3
II
9 50.8
9 23- 2
9 58.7
10 36. 3
10 31.0
10 46. 9
. 2
9 56.2
.8
9 43- 5
.8
II 32.4
.8
6 28. 9
. 1
8 19.8
•S
9 41.9
. 2
9 53-3
• s
V 37. 8
•s
9 17-6
•9
9 «"-7
.3
10 II. 4
.6
«o 33- <
•3
10 54. 7
•3
9 S9-4
•3
10 34. 8
•S
10 38. 1
•9
10 34. I
•7
8 48.0
•9
853.0
. I
10 37. 1
.0
9 05.7
9
10 04. 8
9
10 03.4
7
8 40.7
7
II 12.8
279°
7'
1013. 3'
/
0 /
16
9 51-78
lat derived from
TflK LADY TKAJ^KUN BAV KXl'KUlTlOii.
63a
Declination of the niitiinctic needle obsinuJ at Fort Con,i;rr, Gnnnell Land.
Sun'ey, reatis to one miniiti' on Inn vornirn ; reconled v.-iluca arc ilorivcil frniu llie imiii-. of two rc;iiliii;;s of osiill.itlii^ luiille, itiailc 011 mmIo Hliose
are the excus« of yo ilcyrcus, ami to the west. J
Noon.
I
2
3
4
0 /
5
0 /
0
6
/
7
0 /
8
9
10
0 /
II
0 /
M.ipnetic vnrla-
lion \V.,90° t .
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
, ,
0 /
9 i('- 3
10 51. I
10 29. 0
10 45.4
10 50.0
10 18. 1
10
4J.8
10 52. 1
10 ?». 9
9 4"- 4
9 20. 0
8 40. 3
Sept. 17, i88i
9 37- 2
9 5'- 7
9 y)- 8
9 44 0
0 44.8
9 48- '
9
, 1
9 5<'- 9
9 4'-- S
9 4-!- 8
'10 01.0
10 19.3
Si|)t. 18, iSSi
10 06. 6
10 06. 9
10 0(1. 2
10 07. 3
10 10. ()
10 14.4
10
21.5
10 21.5
9 5 ' "
9 55-2
10 06. 7
9 53- <•
Sept. 19, 1.S81
10 55.6
10 .U- 8
10 4(). 9
10 4S..S
10 35- 5
10 34. 1
1 1
00. 8
II 03.7
II 03. 8
10 44. 8
II iS.o
15 14-7
Oct. 20, 18S1
10 49-7
ID 49.0
•o .17- 7
10 40. 8
10 52.9
10 43. 2
1 1
35- 3
II 40.2
io 43. 2
II 54.7
10 4(1. 3
10 39. 1
(let. 2I,lS8i
«o 33' 4
10 42. 6
10 45.2
II 45-2
10 57.8
II 38.4
II
■4-5
II 16.4
10 52,9
II 07.6
II 03.9
10 45.6
Oct. 22, 18S1
Oct. 2{, 1881
9 56-2
9 Sf'- S
9 49.8
9 50-3
10 03. 6
10 08. 9
10
27-3
9 59. 8
10 04. 3
10 01. 8
9 44- 2
9 49 5
Nov. 20. 18S1
9 44- 2
9 38. 6
9 36. 8
10 00.6
9 35 9
9 34- <>
10
19.4
10 29. 1
14 44. 9
14 44.8
14 34 7
15 41.0
Nov. 21, i.SSi
>i 34-7
" 35-4
II 38.4
1' 57-9
II 35.8
<i 32-5
II
29.9
11 28.5
II 08.7
II 30.7
11 19. 5
II 15.8
Nov. 22, 18M
«6 24.6
6 20.3
6 25.8
6 34. I
7 22.3
6 48. 1
6
24-8
8 32- 3
6 57-5
6 48.0
6 17,5
5 52. 3
Dec. 20, 18^1
8 3"2
8 36. I
9 04.4
9 18.8
9 09.3
9 .39- 8
9
^0. 6
9 45- '
8 40. 2
8 48. <)
8 30.7
8 i.\. 0
Dec. 21, l8Si
9 43' 5
9 24.4
9 .t9. 0
9 .12- 5
9 49.0
9 56.0
9
58.2
9 27- 5
9 25- (•
9 19-2
9 20,7
9 19-9
Dec. 22, 18S1
9 32- 9
9 52-5
9 47- 0
10 04.9
10 40. 1
10 45.0
10
59-7
9 4*- 9
10 23. 3
10 19. 6
10 15. 8
I a 30. ()
Jan. 20, i,S8j
^S 04. 6
^8 09. 6
'7 44- 7
■I9 44.0
^'9 51.0
^•8 39- 8
^'9
I.,. 3
'9 44- 1
'7 20-5
■■'.S 04. 0
V 35-5
'7 25.4
(an. 21, 1882
9 'S-O
9 52. 0
9 48. 4
10 04. 5
10 02. I
9 30. 2
II
.!8.3
lo 37. 2
9 49- <>
9 18.8
10 23. 7
9 28. 8
Jan. 22, 1S82
9 10. 6
Jan. 23, 1882
l-'ol). 21, 1 88.:
9 40. 0
10 30. 8
10 23.5
10 26. 4
10 09.3
10 03. 7
10
3'- 7
9 57- 5
10 10. 7
9 55 2
10 10. }
10 20. 9
10 21.4
II 00. 5
10 1.4
" 37-4
'o 43- 3
II 15.8
1 1
08. 8
10 3(1.0
II 2/4
12 05.2
II i2.i
' ^ 3>''- 7
l-el>. 22. ISS;
10 40. 1
10 59. 5
1 1 00. 0
II 02,0
1 1 02. 9
II 19.2
10
15.8
10 29. 0
10 42.3
10 52.5
10 27.0
10 iti. 9
Id). 2^, iNSi
11 37-3
II 02.0
12 10.4
10 39.4
10 55.2
II 19.4
1 1
54-4
12 09.3
<io 23. 0
9 57- 2
9 4<'- 4
9 31-9
Mar. 16, rS2
10 ii- 7
10 45.",
'o ,i9- 7
10 51.4
'o 55-9
'o 35-4
10
29. 4
'o 33- f'
1 1 09 6
II 09.4
10 07. 9
10 19. 6
Mar. 17, 1882
10 26. 1
10 15.2
9 52.2
10 42.6
10 19. I
10 50.5
10
20.5
10 21.7
1 J oS. 7
"> 53- 5
10 04. I
10 07.6
Mar. 18. i8.S->
801.3
5 53.7
9 5'>- 9
13 58. 2
II 13.4
«4 39- 7
IS
55- 5
>4 29-3
'4 53 0
1 () 40. 5
12 08.8
12 .5"- 3
Apr. 20, 1 88 2
8 i^. 8
9 3"- 5
837.2
8 50.7
II 30.0
II 39.0
12
33-2
12 16. 3
1 J 3<). 0
'3 '5 9
12 05.5
12 02. 7
Apr. 21, 1SS2
9 S9 9
9 52. 5
10 25. I
10 14.0
II 02.8
10 30. 7
10
53-7
10 55.0
1 1 29. 9
II 09.7
II 24.7
10 23. 4
Apr. 22, 18S2
10 44.7
10 34.8
9 49- 5
10 19. S
10 16.5
II 54.1
1 1
33- 3
12 40. 6
10 4.S. 0
12 32. 2
10 .\^- 7
10 09.3
May 19, 1882
9 39 5
9 43-3
9 38. 0
9 413
II 23.0
II 42,9
1 1
23- 5
12 43. I
12 24.8
•11 58.3
9 41-5
9 20. 7
May 20, 1882
9 04.8
9 45- «
•0 -35-5
10 25.2
1 1 64. 0
10 38.4
II
12.2
" 35 4
II 14.0
12 32. 1
II 20.2
12 48.0
M.iy 21. 1.882
8 569
9 19-3
" 24.3
10 57.1
«' 54 7
12 12.3
12
47-5
II 51. ()
" 53-9
M 55-9
12 5S.(,
I { o(). 0
June 20, 1882
10 05. 5
10 04. 6
10 47. 6
10 22. 5
II 44.5
1 2 29. 0
12
if>. 2
1 2 06. I
11 39-4
" 45-3
1 1 58 0
II 31.8
June 21, 1882
10 27.9
10 21. I
■0 33-8
II II. 2
10 47.9
12 18.9
II
37-3
12 16.4
12 28. '
•:• 47.0
10 53 9
10 37.0
June 22, 1882
■ Sums.
278»
271°
278°
287°
292°
299°
305°
304°
302°
0S»
296°
291°
982.6'
974. 2°
1032. 5'
934-3'
872. 2'
960. 4'
9
17.0'
976. 7'
927.4'
1047. 2'
734- 5'
826. 3'
0 -
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 0
0
/
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
0 /
9 48. 75
9 54- 28
10 10. 78
10 25.67
10 34.21
10 51.74
II
02, 6f.
1 1 02. 64
II 5'''-8i
II 07. 14
•o 37- 75
10 30.91
Means.
* Missed on account nf fntensitv observations; value interpolated,
'Missed; cause uncertain ; value interpulated.
* Affected Iiy torsion ; not included 'n means.
*Made 13 minules late.
* Made 8 minutes late.
^i^
itf oo)
18«2.
y,£S. r
1 — :
It (0
Plate I.
IK (J
• -''\.'.
Trwi'jffBWi'mirwf
M
r
18M1'.
TKUM-hAV OIKSKUVATIONH. K(
MAdNKTlC DK(
/ Mi<ii'i .
/
40
' i 0
160 00
'to
259 00
\ 2Sa°aO
/
260 00 \
253 00
\
AY OIKSKKVATIONB. FOKT (!()N(JKK, (JKINNKLL LAND.
MAdNKTlC DKCI.INATION, KAST.
Plate 1.
t*f ,»oo'
tM ,600
S46 * Rno
zAe^eoo'
2+ei eoo
\ZA6-BO0
JO
I
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N
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Oottinaen. Iifean Time .
H Mis 393 49 1
A. Ziyvet fytcitf Oct.1886.
I Hill
Plate II.
ko
21
22
23
Mdit.
"~^
'II :
1882-'83.
TERM-DAY OBSERVATIONS. FORT
MAGNETIC DECLI>
♦"lUi*
^ ,
2
1
3
I
4
5
6
7
6
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HSERVAT10N8. FORT CONGER, GRINNELL LAND.
MAGNETIC DECLINATION, EAST.
Plate II.
10
II N. IS
/♦ »5
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n
18
li zo ei ?2
J3 84
1*6^ 600
to
tSS' 00'
40
20
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Qottinxfen Mean Z'ime .
H Mis 393 49 1
— 2*^^600'
246 * too'
2 4-6 ♦ 800
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(ja^ 1 tun)
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1883.
/
Midpt
40
1
Plate I IF.
•* /^ ^0 21 2 2 23 24l»-
i/1
In
1883.
TERM-DAY OliSEllVATlONS. FORI
MAGNETIC DECET]
a
10
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OliSEliVATlONS. FORT CONGER, GRINNELL LAND.
MAGNETIC DECEINATION, EAST.
Plate II F.
:Midn.'t.
246 *■ eoo
246% aoo'
246 *B00
246 t aoo
246 t- aoo
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GottvngerL Mean Time.
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1883.
MifhiV
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20
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22
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1883.
TERM-DAY OHSKUVATloNS. FORT (
macjnktk; I)E(;liN;\
{
■i60 00
\ 4-0
{SKliVATloNS. FORT CONCSKK, (JRINNELL LAND.
macjnktk; I)E(;linati()N. i<:a8T.
Platk IV.
-\ 1*6 * 800
- 146 + 800
246 ♦ eoo
246 + 800
1 i UJ
261 00
40
20
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H Mis 393 49 1
Midn't.
Gottirufm Mr an Time
TT— TTT
T^TJ
- 24$ ♦ 800
246 * 800
24
mdn't.
A . Ziwet fecit -, No\. /886.
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
//
f/
^ A
m
^.^
^A
4^
4^
1.0
1.1
li^
£ U£ 12.0
1.25 III 1.4
Ii4
^>.
Photogrephic
Sciences
Corporation
23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. MSM
(716) •72-4503
r«<l^»*WW'
npffw«p'<!<«*)"
i .■
m-'
m
•I
■ •■V
fi
j,i..[.iil..Xj. n'ltfriiiirM' i-i-iiiTrrr' -
1882-'83.
0^-
Plate V.
56
60
m.
Wt
»1
! I
•i
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1882-'83.
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A. Ziwet fecit; Nov. 1886.
TIDAL OBSBRVATIONS.
Al'PKNDIX No. 140.
Obseniadons reduced by the Tidal Division, U. S. CoaU (tnd Gcinirtic Siin.<ey Ofice, and reported by Alex. S, Christie, LL, M.,
computer in charge.
The principal series of tidal observations secured by tiie Polar Rxpedition under command of Lieut. A. VV. Greely, U. S.
Army, was made at Fort Conger, the head(iuarters and de|>ot of the party, on Latly Franklin Hay, Grinnell Land, in latitude
81° 44' north, longitude 64° 43.8' west from the meridian of Greenwich, identically the position of the Disivrrry, of .Sir G. S.
Nares' expedition, during the winter of 1875-76. When Lieutenant Greely abandoned the station in August, i8iSjj, the original
tidal records, too bulky for easy transportation, were left stored at Fort Conger; but by a wise prevision close transcripts had
been made and verified, and these, brought away with the party, were faithfully preserved through all the vicissitudes of the
retreat southward and the memorable struggle with hunger and cold at Cajjc Sabine. These transcripts, submitted by the
Chief Signal Officer, U. S. Army, to the Superintendent of the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, February iS, 1885, consist 01
one frt/«/>r of eleven pages, containing a record of the hourly heights of the tide from August 20, 1881, to June 30, 1882, and
one trt/z/i'r of thirty-three pages, containing the times and heights of high and low water from August 20, 1881, to July i, 1883.
A broken record of high and low waters from July i to August 8, 1883, drawn by Lieutenant Greely from his private journal,
and placed at the disposal of the Superintendent of the Survey, completes the available Fort Conger series. *
Special observations made by the expeditionary force at points in the Arctic seas other than Fort Conger, most of them
synchronous with those at the principal station, were also submitted by the Chief Signal Oflicer, and are discussed in their
proper sequence in the following pages.
In adjusting the observations preparatory to their reduction and discussion, recourse was had to all the now available
sources of extrinsic evidence— foot and marginal notes on the transcripts, written and oral communications from Lieutenant
Greely, and notes extracted from his private journal. The conclusions arrived at, with tne system of corrections applied to
the transcript values to refer the whole series to the same plane of reference, are given further on.
The following extracts from a letter addressed by Lieutenant Greely, October 21, 1886, to the Superintendent of the Coast
and Geodetic Survey, describes the method of observation and the difficult conditions under which the series was obtained.
He says:
As soon as the party was landed arrangements were made for observing the tide, in addition to observations previously iiiaile.
On August 19, 1881, a temporary wooden gauge, designated as No. I, was erected on the sloping shore, about one hundred yards [9!"'] south of
the station. It consisted simply of a narrow strip of inch tioard nailed to stout supports, which were driven as far as possiblt into the ground or sea-
bottom. The graduations were arbitrary, but later one division on the scale was found to l)e equal to 0.694 inch.
The hourly readings on Clauge No. I, as of all others, were nominally made on the even hour of Wiishington mean time, but, as determined
from the mean of ten observations, they were really made seven minutes after the even hour, as other observations and the time necessary to reach
the gauge occupied seven minutes. It may also be remarked that whenever during the first year the high or low water fell from — 5'" to -|- 7"" of the
even hour it was almost invariably recorded -\- 7"", owing to the enforced a'lsence of the observer for other rea<lings. The tiilal observations for the
first month suffered somewhat from the necessity of the observer eng.iging in manual labor between his observ.itions, and also from his being replaced
at times by men not trained observers.
* Certain tidal records obt.ained by means of a self-regislering electrical apparatus improvised by Lieutenant Greely, which gave excellent results
in the neaps, but owing to physical re.isoiis could not work woll in the springs, except for a limited range, were carefully packed several monthi prior
to retreat, and, later, time was lacking to prepare transcripts of these, as well as of the regular series obtained by direct observation upon staff gauges.
They served an excellent purpose in checking the regular readings by the observers.
637
63H
Tin: l,AI)Y FIJANKLIN IJAY KXPKIHTION.
(.. (liiiiKi' Nil. II ; .1.1, itifl liiinl liiiiluni ; /, lion litnk. sx is i d ii. liUfd wiili
slum; 1 .s, I.om: slum: Im'.iress ; /'. wiili' .'-mill uak pUiiik.
< )n AuKUitl 24 a .st.iiiil.inl lumli iii.irK \v.i» iToitcil iilHuii IJ yanK [.iIhiui i r"J Iriio ca>l nf ih,' iinrlli iii'l nf lliu main ■italiiMi bmliliiin. Tlu'
relerciicc |ioiiit in tliv Ivvi'l ti>|i iif a li.ir or irm, which, hating a (Imilile Qti»» ( 1 I ) <>n Ihu M)iilh Hide, i* fa^lciuil l>y I'ortlanil tcnit'iil u rtii.tlly liilii
(he ii|i|K'r kiirfare of a pilo <'( liriik iii.iMiiiry, Imilt with lliu name ci'ini'iit ainl renting J\ iiii-ht.'» below ihv surface iif ihe ^rminil, <>r IrHiii j In .\ liichvn
lioliiw |ierinaiiciilly rrn/cii Mill. When the Htntloti wa'i aliandoned an cmply Ihix watt turned nver thi» lieiicli mark and ttciircly wei^iitKil down with
■ lOIICIl.
(iaiij;e Nd. 1 was read until 5 \<. ni. Aui^usl 2\, iSSi, HJun ( iau^jo
No. II was liiou(;lil into u>f. TliiH nau^;e was aliout .y> yards ( i''"')
west of the slaliiHi.ona mniler.itely "loping jiart of the shore. Its iiKtliod
of I iinslruLlioii i.i liest e\|>laiucil liy the aiiiMiipanyin^ diagram.
I'he iron laiiU, loaded with stones, wa:i Mt into a slull du^ out of
the inuin liaiik, while Itn front was Mocked up with piles of si whii h
tecmrd to insure its integrity of position. 'Ihewide j inch oak plank
was secured to the tank so as to mo\e\\iili ll I he ^au^c, a nariuw
strip of inch Ix/aid, »as driven as lar iiilo ihc liollom as pussiMe, and at
its upper end was fastened to the plank l>y li^ht nails, which it wn.s
tliouj;ht Would sprin^; out or hieak In case of displacenicnl ol cilln r nan;;c
or plank.
I lie rapid accuimilalion of ice during SepleniliiT and e.irly 1 (clolpcr,
when it was some 4 feet thick ailjoiniii); the (jau^e, ivndercil it cerlain that
winter readiliHs como not l.i continued, even with a couple of men assigned
to the <Uit\ of clearing a»ay the ice. It consec|UenlIy liccanie necessary
to est.ililish a new (;aiine.
The rcconimcndaliou made to the cxpeddion to use .1 pulley and rope, supported liy a tripod over a hole in .he ice, one eiiil of the rope carryinj;
a scale and wei^jlited to the lioitom, the oilier drawn taut by a counterpoise, in no w.iy coiinneniled itsell'. 'I'lie eriainly that the m.iin ice must move,
anil eonsei|uently by diverjjinj; the line from a perpendicular im|)air the accuracy of the reailin^s, was fully Imr' e out by the fact, l.iler eslalilished, that
the main harbor lloc moved for months at an aveiajje rale of over _j feet ulf shme.
.\ lixeil uau^;e was determined on, and after experiments liaiiye \o. I II «as erect ei I al a disl.mce off shore of >. mk- 40 or 50 yard^ [,>"'" "' 4''"']-
A bar of iron Jo feet loni^ and I ij inches S'|iiarc was ilriven into the slilT clayey boltoni \ or 4 fo't. I'Me bar itself w.is scaled every to inches
by a wire rin^' soldered on the bar, and to every inch by paint. The action of ice and water on the |uint necessitated ihe subslilntion of a wooden
scale, which was lirndy bound to the rod by wire. Any displacement of the wooclen scale w.is al once evident from the chani'.eil relation ol tlio
soldered wire rinys.
It only remained to protect the gaujje by kecpinj; open a liile hole, an operation difficult in tlu- ext eme. The ice acipiired a lliickness before
the winter ended of between 7 and S feet, which rendered it neces.-,aiy to employ two men permanently in the work of Ireciii;.^ the hole Irom ice. The
water was al times covered with kerosene oil, in order to prevent ice from furniin[; rapiilly, but no satisfactory results were obtained, ipr, indeed, were
possible, as the troublesome ice, which decreased the si/e of the hole, foiiued on the siilcs, owin^; to the lower tem|ierature of the adjacent ice.
To insure comfort to the obserxer, and conse(piently nicue c. ireful rea(liii[;s durini; the many niontlis of continuous darkness, and also as a
measure of proieclion against r.ipiilly lonniii}; surface ice, a house of ice was built over the tide hole.
The movenieiit of the ice olf shore necessllated not only repeated additions to the ice house, but al.so the cm nous l.i^k of cnlar(^in^; the tide
hole laterally at times when Ihe ice raiiijed from 5 to 8 feet in thickness. This was necessarily work done by means m c.rulicial b^:;ht, and 01 a limited
space. The tidal observations during the winter half of the year represeni no less than llie cimstant labor of three 'am.
During both winters the part of the lloe toward shore grounded at low tide in the sprin^^s, but owiiij; to the slope the outer pari never did to
such extent as to impair the free ingress and egress of water.
The plan of (iaiige No. Ill is shown in the sketch. It was read from t a. m. Deicuiber 21, l.S.Si,
to 7 a. m. January 21, l.S.Sj, when (iauge No. IV, an exact counterpiil of 111, was put down within a fool
of the latter, and supeisedcil it for the regular observations.
(iaugt No. IV was read until June 19, 1SS2, when recourse was had for a few days to Ciaugc No.
II, which had ir/'/iiiirii//v hi:i:n displaced less than an inch since the jireceding October. The former
gauge was carried away by ice and the latter taken down June 2tj.
The regular rea<lings were then made from ( iauge .No. \', which was simply an iron liar I 'j inches
S(|uare, driven into the liollom near shore.
This gauge, rrequeiilly injured by lloaliiig ice in July and August, was read until I Ictober 14, l8,S2.
It was then superseded by ( laugc No. \T, similar to ( lauge No. Ill, and like placed.
To guard against changes of level the second winter a substandard, an iron bar driven some 8
or 10 inches into the fro/.en ground about 10 feel above the water's edge, was established early in I Ictober,
1882, from which levels were fre(|Uenlly run to (iauge No. VI during the winter. This gauge was read
until July I, 18S). The broken series of high and low-water observations after ihal date were made u[ion
temporary wooilen gauges, N(js. \T1, VIII, ami l.\.
Krom October. 1SS2, to June. 1S83, Ihc readings were made by .'sergt. (Icorge W. Rice, except
during the last few months, when Sergt. I'rancis Long relieved Sergeant Rice. IJoth these observers
were careful, paiiist. iking men, and me readings were ccmsiilered to be of a high order of accuracy.
The readings after |une 1. 18S3. must Ije of the least value, as Ihe freipicnt movement of ice and conse-
([ucnt injury to gauges, some of which were temporary, imjiaiied their value.
^/. tiile-KHiiee ; .-/.I. stitTcIavev biitlnm ; /■'/•',
main line, 4 to 8 leel thick ; ////, snow house ;
/), (lour.
TIN-: LADY KUAN KLIN HAY KXI'KDITION.
iuV.)
The K''"y»-"' ^v^'f^' lri.'<|iiL'iilly compared l)y ineanH of series ot" siiiuilt.iiieoiis re.ulinns al or near ihe time til" hij:li or Inw
water, es|)iciallv wlien a new nuine was l)ri)ii;;lii into use or ar» olil one (li'-euntinui.'il. In adilition to these water levels, Ser^i.
I'.clwartl l-.rai'l, ihe astrcinomer of the |iarty, oteasionally ran hues ol' s|iirit h->els w ilii a l(i|iii^;ra|)hi'r's ihecnlnlui', i onnei lin^ the
gauges with the l)eneh-n)arks ami with eat h oihi'r. Talile I e\hil)ils siuii ol' the-.e le\eU as have luen inaile ma lioni existing
(lata.
lAliLK l,^//(i\'/i/s />y if'iht-Uvel,
Dale.
f ilctirmi
nalicin.
Aiit;.
•!).
ISSI
Si'pl.
1.1.
iN.Si
I"iy
1,
1 .S.Sj
Oil,
10.
I.S.Sj
OtI.
lo.
ISS-'
( kl.
iS,
I.SSj
Ucl.
2S.
iS.Sj
Oct.
J.S.
I.S.S.'
Nov.
2.
I.S.S2
{•VI..
lo,
I.S8,
.\|.r.
'7.
ISS,,
.\|.r.
J4.
I.S.St
jlllR'
M.
I.SS)
jUllt'
.'<».
I.S.S)
June
•l".
I.S.Sf
June
.<o,
|S,S{
Numliir 111
HUil«e.
/i'ri>'>l eaiu'i , ,
'"■■'"" """!'' l.cl..« ,h„re
""' '7"^'' nuirk.
iniirk.
hWt.
1
25. 158
II
27. KJI
IV
27. .ts
Slwiri. murk.
"f'JJS 1
VI
Shorf in.irk.
'1(1. iNb
VI
\ 1
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI
VI 1
/«. //ex.
0.00
MS. ^>o
0.00
145- 70
♦142.51
146.50 1
148. K I
i5f. 70
156.70
150. 79 I
'59. 75
160.85 I
"»7S ,
'Thl»llne was run bv ScrKcant Israol, iimlcr ihe im ndliitu Hii|>ervisi.>n nf Mi.iileii.ini l.nckwu mI. Almiil lulv is l.iuiili.|i.iiit <irii.lv ilisi uvcuil I Inn l.iirkwKiil
was of nplniiiii tliul Israel r.iii lo I V iiisli..ucl of tii V. The ciplni'Mi .if Kr.icl prcvaileil 111 llie 'eilmll.m li> stiiiilanl naiine, ami that ilii iii.ni has imi liecii .llstiiilicil.
■'October 10 or a few ilavs eiirlier.
•This value was rejerlcl at I'lirt "onijer.anil. as the observer wasiogni^antol the i in iiiiislaiiies altimlinn ilMleterniination.hisileiisioii has been allotveil In sijiul.
'Rejected. Comlithms unfa iirable, anil rusi.lt clearly out.
On .September 12, 188 , a point \i inches below the zero of ('iaiit,'e No. II was asMinied as a standard zero to whit h to
reduce the reatlinjjs on all the gauges. The traiistripts hroui'hl from hurt C'ongir toniain the /V(///(V(/ readings, and the tor
rections applied in ilie i-eiIuction are exhibited in Table II below. .\ letter -press inpy of tlie original observations, jirisirved
in Lieutenant (Jreely's private journal, is still sutficiently legible to afford a means of verification for a large part of (he traiisi ript
values.
T.vm.E II. — Stiff );au^t's used at Fort Coii^tr and riirtritwiis af^plicl l\ t/i,' i<l<icircr to iii/no' tradiiii^s to ii/ral standard zero.
No. of
gauge.
I
II
III
III
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
II
\'
\ I
Time during w hich the gauge was used.
From —
.\ug. 20, 1S81 ,
.\ug. 2.1, I8S1, 5 p. 111...
Dec. 21, 'S81 . .., .
Ian. 20, 1.SS2, ,S 11. m ..
laii 21, 1SS2, .S |). in...
I'd). .S, I.SS2, () p. Ill ._
Keb. iS, i8S2,i)a. Ill ..
[line 20, 1S82, I a. 111
June 21, 1882, I a. in. ._
June 11, 1S82, I a. m
June 14, 1.SS2
lune 29, 1SS2, 5 p. m...
Oct. m, 18S2
To—
Aug. 24, 1881, 4 p. m ..
I)ec. 20, 18S1 . ...
Jan. 20, 1.SS2, 7 a. m . ..
Ian. 21, 1 882, 7 p. 111...
I'el). 8, 1882, 8 p. Ill ..
Keb IS, 1882,8 a. Ill ..
June !(_), I.S82 . ..
Juiif io, 1882, 12 p. ui .
June 21, i,S82, 12 p. ni
June 2). 1882, 12 |). Ill
June Ji), 1SS2, 4 p. Ill .
<)ct. 14, 18S2
Oct. 25, 1882 .
(.'orieclioii.
1
No. of
gauge.
huh.s.
+ 36.4
VI ,
f 12.0
VI 1
— 28.0
VI
- 35.7
VI
17-3
VI
- 24.6
VI
— 25- 7
' VI
— 26.8
1 VI
- 27.4
' VI
— 29.0
1 VI 1
4- 12.0
i VI '
+ 4.x
VI
+ 6.S
VM ,
Time cliirint; wliicli tlic ^;aui;e was used.
I'' 10111-
Oct. 26, 1S82.
Kb. 8, 188 f .
l-eb. m. I.S.Sj .
.Mar. 10, I.S.Sj.
Mar. 28, i.S.Sj.
Ajir. ,i, 1 88 5 ..
Apr. 7, l.S.S.) ..
June I, 1.S8? . .
J line 16. 188; _
June 24, l88j .
June 29, 188;
lune JO, lS8; .
July I, i8Sj,' 2
To-
I'Vli. 7, 1 88?..
Kb. 14, 1 88 5.
Mar. I), i.S8{"..
.Mar, 27. I.S.S j
Apr, 2, iSSj' _
.\pr. 6, |SS"{ .
May il, l.S.Sj .
June 15, 1S83 .
June 2j, l8Sj .
June 28, 1.S83 .
jiiiie 21), I.S83 .
July I, |S,S? ..
•\ug. y, l.S,S3..
Ct
irrectiiin.
India.
+
5.7
-f-
3-4
(
0.8
—
I. I
.._
2.9
—
3.7
—
4-,S
—
4.6
—
S.6
-_
6.6
--
7.6
—
8.6
+
39- S
640
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
m
On proceeding to the reduction of the observations, the transcript values were first laid down upon profile paper and
examined, and such as fell so wide of the mean as to be obviously due to erroneous readings, blunders in reduction to standard
zero, or errors in transcription, were corrected by graphic interpolation. It is almost needless to say that the principle involved
in the correction of observations, always a dangerous one, is especially so in dealing with tidal observations. Here theory is
limited, by the imperfection of the analytic instrument it employs, to the consideration and quantitative estimation of the t/irecf
eftects of the tide-producing forces, and the mind, thereliy rendered familiar with an ideal state of things of great comparative
simplicity, is apt to imagine a minute regularity in the phenomena of the tides which they are very far from possessing, and a
consequent disposition to soften the rugged outlines of nature might very readily lead to the elimination of facts all the more
valuable by rea.son of their egregious character. In what is t)elieved to have been the e.xercise of a sound discretion this prin-
ciple of the rejection of unusual ob.servations was very sparingly applied.
A comparison of Tables I and II indicated that the observations of the second year, beginning with the readings on Gauge
No. VI, had been reduced to a zero almost exactly lo inches lower than that selected September 12, 18S1, a result confirmed
by the plotted curve, which ranged higher the second year by some 8 or 10 inches. On computing the daily and monthly
half-tide levels the san'"' fact was clearly put in evidence, and the locality of the change of level determined with considerable
precision.
The following conclu.sions with respect to the several parts of the series were reached after an examination of all the data:
1. That from August 20, 1881, until June 29, 1882, Gauge No. II was the standard, the observers aiming to reduce all
readings to a zero point 12 inches lower than the zero on that gauge; that Gauge No. II was stable; that the rjhition in
altit'ide of the several gauges in use to Gauge No. II was from time to time ascertained with tolerable accuracy; and the cor-
tections tu reduce to it changed in accordance with tho.se determinations and the then known vicissitudes of the gauges, and
that .1 this matter we can not do better than trust to the men on the ground.
2 That Gauge No. V began to go down about noon of August 19, 1882, carrying the plane of reference with it, and that
it continued to settle until su|)erseded October 15, 1882, by Gauge No. VI. Hence a correction of some 9.8 inches must be
distributed over that j eriod. and as Lieutenant Greely's journal shows that the gauge was in almost continuous trouble from
the ice during the wlinle time, and as there are, neither in the observations themselves nor elsewhere, data to warrant an une-
qual distribution, a di^^tribution i)roportional to the time has been atlopted.
3. That from October 15, 1882, until July i, 1883, a constant correction of 9.8 inches is required.
Table III contains the corrections ap])lied to the transcript values to reduce the whole series to a plane of reference 28.191
feet below the standard bench-mark established August 24, 1881.
■ i
:|!(!
Table III. — Corrections appVud to the Foit Cont^'t-r transcript v.ilucs to reduce them to a plane of reference 28.191 feet below the
standard bench-mark established August 24, 1881.
From —
To-
Correction
in inches.
Aug. 20, 1S81
Aug. 19, 1882. Noon _.,
0
— I
— 2
— 3
- 4
— S
— 6
— 7
- 8
- 9
— 10
Aug. 25, 1S82
Aug. 26, 18S2 .
Sept. I, 1882 _
Sept. 7, 1882
Aug. 31, 1882 ___
Sept. 6, 1882
Sept. 12, 1882 _ _ . ..
Sept. 13, 1S82
Sept. 18, 1882
Sejit 19, 1882
Sept. 24, 1S82
Sept. 25, 1882
Oct. 1,1882 _.
Oct. 7,1882
Oct. 13, 1882
Sept. JO, 1882
Oct. 6,1882
Oct. 12, 1882
July I, 1883,10a. m
The series of hourly observations, extending from August 20, 1881, to June 30, 1882, inclusive, were not affected by the
instaliility of (iauge No. V. Tlicy are given in Taljle 1\' IjcIow as they stand in the record brought from Fort Conger, that
is, they are the gauge reailings affected with the corrections in Table II only. The times of observation are seven minutes
past the even hour of Washington mean time noted in the first column on the left, and the heights are referred to a horizontal
plane passing 28.191 feet below the standard bench-mark established August 24, 1881. All values marked in the transcripts
as interpolated by tlie oliservers are here indicated by an asterisk (*), and inter|)olations during this reduction by a dagger (t).
Tlie heights are given to tenths of inches, as noted by the observer, although the last figure must be regarded aa illusory. It is
rather a measure of the observer's faithful endeavor to secure valuable results than of any imantity i 1 nature.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY LXPEDITION.
641
Table IV. — Hourly readings of tide staff'.
28.191
Hours.
•
August, iSSi
20
21
22
23
24
25
I-iches.
74-0
62.0
44- S
16.0
»3-5
18.0
27.5
41.0
57- 0
68.0
74.0
71.0
61.0
49.0
31-0
19.0
>3-5
16.0
29-3
38.0
57-0
70.0
79.0
26
27
28
29
30
31
0
I
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
Noon.
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
61. 1
48.2
37-1
28.1
25-7
27.4
35-9
"48." 2
58.6
70.1
68.3
57-3
49-3
i'>-3
29.2
25.4
25-4
32.2
37-8
53-6
67.7
75-2
76.2
Inches.
69.7
44.8
39-9
29-5
20 8
2- 3
23-8
3«-5
45-4
57- 2
66.6
70.4
66.6
57-2
42.6
17.0
26.0
45-9
61.3
71-5
75.2
77-2
Inches,
78.0
t6s.o
50. 0
37- 0
2.?. I
14.6
12.9
21.0
32- j
49.0
66.0
74.0
76.7
71.0
59- 0
40.0
26.6
17.0
17. 1
t22.0
35- 0
48.5
63.0
80.0
Inches.
82.0
79.0
63.0
50.0
29.0
17.0
13.0
16.0
25. c
42. 0
58.0
7«-5
80.0
76.0
67.0
48.0
35- 0
22.5
15.0
18.5
28.5
41.0
SS-o
70,0
Inches.
80.0
78.0
68.0
60. 0
39-0
20.0
12.0
13-0
36.0
S3-0
68.0
76.8
80.0
71.2
51.0
42.0
28.0
18.0
16.0
25.0
33-0
52.0
63.0
Inches.
74.6
76.0
70-3
58.8
42.0
27.0
17.0
12.0
16.0
25.6
39-5
56.0
69.8
73-0
71.0
61.0
47.2
33-0
23-0
18.0
20.0
30.0
43-0
57- 0
Inches.
65.0
70.0
71.0
57-0
48.0
36.0
24.0
17.0
17.0
23.0
34- 0
47-0
60. 4
68.0
71.0
67.0
56- 5
44.0
34-0
26.0
25.0
31-0
39- 0
50. 0
Inches.
60. I
68.0
69.8
64.0
57-5
46.5
32.8
25.0
23.0
25.0
30.0
t42.o
SS-O
64.0
69.8
70.0
63.0
54- 0
44- S
37- 0
34- 0
34-0
37-0
45-0
40.6
37-9
38-3
42.8
45-9
54-8
55-5
58.7
55-5
52.1
46.8
41.6
36.3
34-6
41.6
36.3
33- S
35-7
40. 6
48.2
55- 2
58.6
62.4
60.7
54-5
45-8
4«-3
32-9
32-9
32-9
41-3
46.8
23-3
34-6
41.6
S3- 3
60.2
67.1
67.0
62.8
52.2
43-6
33-8
26.7
26.0
28.8
38.9
52.0
635
72.5
76.0
7^.2
68.9
75- 3
September, 1881.
I
2
III:
Inches.
S3-'
46.0
62.0
51.0
65.0
56.0
66.0
61.0
61. o
63.0
56.0
60.8
48.0
55-0 !
39- 0
47-S \
3»-o
40.0
30.0
34-5
32.0
34-0
40. 0
31.0
47.0
36.0
54- 0
42.0
62.0
50.0
67.0
55-5
66.0
60.0
62.0
61.0
56.0
62.0
48.0
56.0
43-0
51.0 1
39-5
45-5
40.5
41.8
42.0
39-6
Inches.
38-7
41. o
45- o
49.0
51.0
SS-o
SS-o
52.0
47.0
40.0
t36.o
31.0
30.
32.
35^
41,
48,
53.
53
57.
49-0
52- 5
46.0
40.0
September, 1881.
Hours.
Inches.
o
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
Noon.
I
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
35-
33.
33-
38.
42.
48,
52.0
54.0
49-0
43
41
35
29
25
24
27
35
42.0
51-3
t6i.o
63.0
62.0
55-0
47.0
S
6
Inches.
Inches.
38.0
53- 0
29.0
43-0
24.0
31.0
24. c
20.0
30.0
22.0
39-7
28.0
46.9
38-5
52-5
50.0
58-5
62.0
59-3
69.0
54- 0
66.0
45.6
58.1
.34.0
46.0
^^5
29.0
18.7
17.0
18.0
10. 0
23.0
II. 0
34-0
18. 5
45-0
3«-5
58.8
49-7
67.1
66.5
71.9
72.0
69- 3
76.5
59.0
68.5
Inches.
51.0
38-0
22.0
II. o
9-5
12.0
25.0
39-
54-
67.
73-
70,
61,
43-
24.
12.5
II. 5
II. 7
23.0
41-5
60.0
76.0
84.0
83.0
Inches.
72.0
3«-5
33-
18.
ID.
10.
14
32.
49.
65.8
78.0
81.8
76. I
59.0
39-2
20. 5
12.0
8.2
14.0
28. 5
51-0
67.0
82.0
86.2
Inches.
82.0
66.0
44-8
25.0
12.0
2.0
9.0
>7.S
34-0
55-9
70.5
80.0
80.0
71.0
S'-S
29.0
9.0
3-0
6.0
16.0
32. o
56.0
71.0
84.0
Inches.
86. c
78.0
59- o
39-5
21.5
7.0
II. o
18.0
29.0
49-5
69.0
86.0
93-0
84. c
75.0
54.0
•J3.0
iO.O
13-0
17.0
3'-5
49-5
69.0
83.0
II
Inches.
90.7
87.0
73-0
60. c
35- o
25.0
IO.O
8.0
20.0
36.0
54- o
68.0
83.8
86.0
76.0
60
43
36
17
20,
21
35-5
52.2
67.0
12
Inches.
79-4
81.2
75- o
60.0
42.0
25-5
15.0
>2.S
19. o
27.0
44-0
59- o
70.0
77.0
76
67
54
37
29
21
20. 5
30.0
41.0
58.0
13
Inches.
»4
Inches.
IS
Inches.
66.0
56.0
47-0
73-3
62.0
53-0
73-0
66.0
57-7
61.6
62.0
59.0
49.8
56.0
57- 0
34-5
44-0
52.0
27.0
36.0
43- 0
18.0
28.0
37-2
16.0
23.0
32.0
24.0
15.6
30.0
34-0
21.0
31-0
47.0
31-0
36.0
60.5
50.2
42.0
69.0
59- 0
49.0
73- 0
66. I
55-0 1
67.0
65- S
59-0
55-0
62. 0
60.0
47-0
52.0
58.0
35-0
47.0
56.0
28.5
40.0
49.0
26.7
35- 0
44.0
35-0
30.0
40.0
36. 5
31.0
37-5
46.0
35- 0
40.0
16
•7
18
Inches.
Inches.
43-0
42.0
47.0
41 5
51.0
42-5
S3-0
45.2
57- 0
50.3
S3 0
5"- 1
48.0
52- S
46.0
S'-S
42.0
49.0
38.0
45-8
37-0
42.0
37-0
38. 5
40.0
36-8
44-0
35-5
48.0
37-3
52. 0
41.0
55-0
45-5
54.0
51.0
59- 0
55-0
57- 0
57-0
53-7
58.0
So-S
52.0
45-6
49-5
43- 0
43-0
. o
■5
-5
.0
.0
.0
.0
Inches.
37-0
34-0
32.0
35-
39-
44-
49-
52-
53-
50.
46.0
40.0
37-0
31.0
30.0
' 31.0
36.0
41-3
49.0
56.0
59- o
58.0
54- o
47.0
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 41
■
to ■<
m
^m
"lit !i
tTsi!
642
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table IV. — Hourly readings of tide j/((^— Continued.
i
1
September, 1881.
October, 1881.
[ Hours.
1
19
20
1 ^'
22
In hes.
23
24
2S
26
27
28
29
30
Inches.
2
3
Inches.
Inches.
Inche:.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches. \
o
39- o
45.0
52.0
61.0
69.0
74.0
84.0
86.0
81.0
76.8
71.0
58.0
52.0
51.0
36.0 i
I
3'S
35- 0
39- 0
46.0
S3. 2
61. 5
71- S
76.0
77.0
79 0
71-5
64.0
56.0
52.0
34. 0 1
2
28.0
28.0
30.0
38.0
37-0
44.0
SS-o
65.0
66.0
73- S
70.0
66.0
60.0
SS-o
36.0 I
3
26. S
28.0
25.0
30.0
23.0
22.0
36.0
44.0
SO- 5
61.0
67. 0
64.0
62.8
56.5
41.5 '
4
29.7
30.0
21.6
15.0
21.0
17.0
24.0
27.0
36.0
49.0
44-0
59-0
62.0
60.0
47-5 i
5
! 36-6
34- 0
26.0
21.0
17.0
12. 0
16.0
18.0
25.0
32. s
36.0
51-5
60.0
62.0
54.0
6
45.0
44.0
330
3I.O
25.0
20.0
19. 5
16.0
18.0
23.0
30.6
39-0
53-0
61.0
60.0
7
5«-7
52.0
47. r
42.0
38.0
32- 0
25.0
22.5
21.0
20.0
19.8
33-0
t4S-'
56.8
61.0
8
55. 0
61.0
58. i
59°
5'-S
44-7
39- 0
32. c
32- 0
23.0
25.0
29-5
40-5
52.5
58. 5
9
56.5
64.5
66.0
67.0
68.0
63.0
58.0
46.5
42.0
310
30.0
29.0
37-0
44-5
S3- 2
lO
HI
63. 5
69,0
73' 0
78.0
76.0
73- 0
65.0
57-0
45-5
38-0
32.0
37-0
39-0
46.0
II
46.8
58.0
6^.0
74.0
79.8
82.0
85.0
81.0
72.0
59- 9
50.0
44-5
40.0
35-5
36.1
Noon.
40. 0
50.0
SJ.o
62.0
73- 0
82.0
86.5
86.8
80.0
74.0
62.0
50.0
45.0
36.0
29-5
1
30.0
42.0
',3-o
49.0
39.0
70.0
78.0
81.5
84.0
79-1
70.0
61.0
5'-5
39-5
26.5 1
2
25- 5
31. 0
32.0
34. 0
40.0
53-8
64.9
72.0
79.0
79.0
73- 0
66.5
59-5
42.5
34- 0
3
25.0
26.0
25.0
22.0
32.0
37- 0
48.0
56.5
66.5
70.0
70.7
70.0
64- 5
49.2
36.0
4
28.0
25.9
21.0
19.0
25.0
27.0
32.0
39-9
5'-4
59.0
64. 0
66.5
60.5
59-0
44.0
5
36.0
32- 0
t2I.S
23.0
19.0
20.6
24.0
27.0
37- S
47.0
SS-o
62.0
69.0
64.0
53.0
6
45.0
41.0
35- 0
37- 0
21.0
25.0
25.0
21.0
27.0
38.0
45.0
54-0
65.0
66.5
61.9
7
55°
53°
50.0
42. 0
36.3
32.0
29. 0
26. 5
26.5
27.0
29.0
47-0
61. 0
66.0
68.7
8
62.0
63.0
Or 5
56.0
51.0
SO- 5
41. 0
35- 0
32.0
31.0
32-0
42. 0
53-0
61.5
68.9
9
65.0
70.0
71.0
68.8
68.0
64.6
52.0
47-0
44-0
38.0
34-0
39-0
Si-o
55- 0
65. 0
lO
63.0
71-3
74.0
76.0
80.0
78.0
74.0
64. 0
56.0
45- 0
41.0
39-0
46.0
46.5
57-9
II
55- 0
62.0
7iS
76.0
32.0
85.0
83.0
76.0
70.0
S8.o
46.0
45- 0
47.0
40.0
48.0
Hours.
Octol
er, 1881.
4
5
Inches.
6
Inches.
7
8
9
10
II
12
13
14
Inches.
IS
Inches.
16
Inches.
17
18
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
o
37.8
47.0
57- 0
67.0
76.0
86.0
85.0
77-0
69.0
61.0
50. 0
45- 0
40.0
35- 0
42.0
I
310
38.0
42. 0
48.0
58.0
72-5
79.0
J7.0
73-0
66.0
52.0
48.0
46.0
32.0
34-5
2
25.0
28. c
27.0
28.0
31.0
54-0
63.0
69.0
68.5
71.0
56. 0
52.0
50.8
38.0
33-5
3
29.2
24.0
12.0
22,0
21.0
33- S
44.0
52.0
57.0
63.0
59.0
55.0
55- 0
38.0
38.0
4
37- 0
28.0
17.0
8.5
13.0
18.0
30. 0
31.0
42.0
50.0
56.0
550
58.7
47.0
42- s
S
48.0
37- 0
24.0
12.0
9.0
12.0
22, 0
21.0
29.5
42.0
48.0
52-0
58.0
510
48.7
6
55- 0
49.0
39- 0
22.0
n-i
9.0
10. 0
10.5
20.0
37-0
39- 0
46.0
57-0
51. 0
55-0
7
64. 0
62.0
S3- 5
39- 0
31.0
22.0
14.0
II. 0
iSS
30-5
32.0
42.0
53-5
56.0
61.0
8
68.5
76.0
70. 0
58.0
50.0
38.0
27.0
20.5
19.0
25.0
31 0
40.0
50.0
57. 0
63.0
9
67. 2
80.2
81.0
75.8
68.0
56.0
49-5
3S-6
30.0
28.0
29.0
36.8
45-5
52.0
60. 5
lO
60.5
75- S
84.3
85.0
84.2
75. 0
64.0
51.0
40.0
37- 0
33- 0
36- 5
33- 0
47-5
54 5
II
48.0
62. 9
78.0
83.0
90. s
89.0
75.0
68.0
S3-0
47-3
40.0
38-0
3I-.0
47.0
46. 0
Noon.
40. 0
54°
64.0
72.0
87.0
92.0
85.0
77-5
67.0
56-5
48.0
41.0
3'-5
39-0
42. 0
I
33- 0
34 0
49.0
55.6
74-3
84.0
83.0
80.5
71.0
64.0
SS-o
47.0
35- 0
36.5
36. 0
2
26. 0
26. 0
30.0
37' 0
S3-0
67.0
72.0
76.0
76.0
67.0
59-0
53- 0
48.0
33-5
32-5
3
27.0
20. 0
20.0
23.0
30.5
46. 0
52-0
63 8
66.0
68.0
62. 0
58.0
50. 0
40. 0
34- 0
4
34- 0
21 0
17.0
10. 0
18. 5
3'-o
32.0
58.0
56.0
62.0
65.0
60. c
59-0
46.5
41. 0
5 i
46. 0
37- S
24-5
9.0
12. I
16.8
24.0
42.0
43-0
49.0
56.0
6c 0
60.0
55- 0
49-0
6
56.0
50.0
39- 0
25.0
I7.C
15.0
»7-S
22.0
34-0
45.0
50. 0
58.0
62.0
61. 0
57-0
7
70.5
66.0
55- 0
40.0
35- 0
24.5
18.0
19.0
27.0
39- 0
44.0
56.0
62. 0
66.0
63.0
8
77-9
78.0
71.0
59- 0
47.0
34-0
27.0
26.0
26.5
32.0
39-0
50.0
59.0
65.0
66.5
9
79.2
82.0
85- S
79.0
67.0
S'-o
42. 0
33- 0
31.0
30.0
36.5
46.0
54. 0
60. 0
65.0
lO
72.0
81.0
88.5
86.0
81.0
66.0
60.0
47.0
40.0
33- 0
37-0
42.0
48.0
53-0
59.0
II
60.0
74.0
8i.o
86.0
88. 0
82.7
74.0
60,0
52.0
40. 0
40. 0
40.0
38-0
46.0
50.0
8l.
3
Inches.
36. 0
34- 0
36.0
41.5
47-5
54- 0
60.0
61.0
58. S
53-2
46.0
36.1
29- S
26. s
34- 0
36.0
44.0
53- 0
61.9
68.7
68.9
65.0
57-9
48.0
18
Inches.
42.0
34 i
33- S
38.0
42. S
48.7
55- o
61.0
63. o
6b. S
54 S
46.0
42.0
36.0
32-5
34- o
41.0
49.0
57- o
63.0
66.5
65.0
59- o
50.0
THE LAUY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table IV. — Hourly readings of tide j/iij^— Continued.
643
October, 1 88 1.
November, 1881.
Hours.
«9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Inches.
27
28
1
29
30
3«
I
2 '
3
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches. •
0
41.0
49.0
54.0
60.0
65.0
71.0
73.0
72.0
69.5
57.0
50.1
41.0
37- «
25.0
29.0
22.7
1
32.0
30.0
32.0
44.0
46.0
60.0
65.0
68.5
70.0
62.0
59.0
50.0
42.0
23.0
22.5
19.0
2
29.0
21,0
25.0
27.0
31.0
40. s
49.0
56.0
62.0
61. 5
62.0
59.5
47.0
29.0
2' 5
14.0
3
28.0
18.0
17-5
15.0
18.5
23.0
29.0
40.0
45.0
54.0
62.0
t59.o
54.0
36.0
26.5
16.5
4
33. 5
21.0
16.0
9.0
7.0
Q. 0
13.0
25.0
33-5
44.0
58.0
58.0
58.0
43. 5
31.4
22. 2
5
40.0
31.0
25.0
14.7
4.0
S-o
35
7.0
20.0
30.0
43.0
54.5
6i.o
51.5
41-3
27.0
6
49.0
43.0
33-0
29.0
12.5
10. 0
S-o
S-o
7.0
19.0
32.0
49.0
59-5
56.0
52.8
31.6
7
57.0
57. 0
46.0
40.0
32.0
26.0
14.0
10. 0
10. 0
14.0
t26.o
40.0
54. 0
57.2
61.8
*SO.o
8
63.0
65.0
61.0
56.0
45.0
41.5
31.0
19.0
14.5
16.0
24.0
34.0
49."
S5.0
63.0
69.0
9
65.0
70.5
73- 0
70.0
05-5
58.0
48.0
36.0
26.5
19.0
25.0
32.0
40.5
47.0
53,5
71 5
10
61.0
68.5
74.0
75-0
75-5
74.5
66.0
53- 0
42.0
32. c
30.0
31-5
36.0
39. 0
47.5
70.2
II
5S-0
61.0
68.3
73- 0
79.0
8.3.2
76.8
71.0
58.0
45.0
38.0
34.0
33-°
31.0
40.0
53.5
Noon.
46.0
47.0
58.0
64.0
71.0
79.0
79.5
78.0
69.5
56. 5
48.0
41.0
34.0
25- 5
29.4
40.0
'.
36.0
35- 0
44-5
50.0
58.0
71.0
73.0
76.0
73.0
67.8
59-3
48.0
38.0
24.0
21.0
27.5
2
29.0
30.0
30.0
36.0
42.0
64.0
61.0
68.9
69.0
70.0
64.0
54.0
44.0
27.5
21.5
20.0
3
27.0
20.0
21.0
21.0
25.0
34.0
42.0
55.0
58.0
65.0
66.6
64.5
52.0
37- 0
26.0
19.0
4
31.0
20.0
21.0
14.0
14.7
20.0
29.0
39.0
47.0
58.0
64.5
67-5
57.6
47.0
37.9
25.8
5
40.0
34- 0
24.0
18.0
10.5
16.0
17.0
25.0
32.0
45.0
57.0
66.0
6,3.5
54- 0
50.7
39-9
6
50. 0
46.0
37- 0
25.0
18.0
18.0
13.0
16.0
24-5
35.0
49.0
62.0
65.0
6,V5
62. 9
58.3
7
60:
59-5
51.0
39.0
32.0
27.0
17.0
17.0
16.0
26.0
39.0
53. 0
61.0
66.0
66.0
66.2
S
66.5
69.0
64.0
55- 0
48.0
41.0
27.0
25.0
19.0
24 5
33.0
46.0
53.5
62.5
68.8
70.5
9
70.0
73.0
72.0
67.0
62.0
56.5
43.0
35.0
26.0
27.0
30.0
39.0
45.0
5S.O
65.1
72.5
10
67.0
70.0
73.0
73- 0
73.0
70.0
58.0
49.0
37.0
33-0
29.5
3S-0
37.0
45.0
54.2
06.0
II
57.0
63.0
69.0
70.0
76.0
76.0
66.0
62.0
47.0
42.0
34.0
34.0
29.0
33. 3
40.3
54.0
Hours.
November, 188 1.
4
5
6
, 7
8
9
lo
II
12
13
14
15
16
'7
18
19
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
/«. hes.
Inches
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
39.0
56.0
69.0
75.0
78.0
79.0
69.0
63.0
47.0
36.0
37- 0
29.0
26.5
26. 0
31.0
41.0
1
18.3
39- 0
53.0
64.0
70.0
73- 0
73.0
66.0
54.0
48.0
41.0
31.0
26.5
24.0
30.0
28.0
2
14.0
24.0
37- 0
44.0
58.0
62.0
63.0
07.0
58.0
5I.O
47.0
35.0
29. 0
22.3
26. 0
21.0
3
12.0
10. 0
23.0
25.0
37-0
46.0
50.0
62.0
tS5-9
53- 0
49.0
40.0
31.0
25.0
22.0
20.5
4
I5-0
7.0
16.0
15.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
51.0
44.0
5'.c-
52.0
43.0
.38.5
36.0
30.0
24.5
5
27.6
22.0
«7.S
14.5
i8.o
23- 5
27.0
34.0
36.0
46.0
50.0
48.5
50.0
44.0
40. 0
34.0
6
42.6
34- 0
26.0
20.0
19.0
20.0
22.0
24.0
28.0
36.0
45.0
48.0
54.0
47.0
49.0
48.0
7
58.0
S3-0
43- 0
28.0
27.0
23.0
21.0
20.0
23.0
3'-t
40.0
46.0
55.0
t56.o
59- 0
59.0
8
68.2
71.0
83.0
60.0
43-0
40. 0
32.0
25.0
22.0
22.0
27.0
36.0
44.0
53.0
61. 5
65.0
69.5
9
77.0
78.0
68.0
54°
43- 0
32.0
28.0
27.0
26.0
33- 0
37.5
48.0
57. 0
66.0
74.0
ir.
76.8
S9. 0
90.0
85-5
73- 0
57.0
46.0
40.0
31.0
28.0
32.0
34- <J
42.0
51.0
62.0
73.0
II
68.0
84.0
93- 0
92.8
i 75. 0
72. 5
60.0
54.0
39- 0
35.0
30.7
33-5
37.0
40.5
53- 0
62.5
Noon.
53.0
70.0
79.0
90. 6
80.3
76.0
1 7«.o
64.5
48.0
43-0
1 35- 0
33. 0
33- 0
35.0
43- 0
52.0
I
37- 0
53-5
63. 0
79.0
76.0
74.0
1 75-0
70.0
55. 0
50. 0
! 41.0
33.5
32.0
32.0
36.0
38.0
2
24.0
35.0
47.0
62.0
t67.o
70. ■:,
1 73-0
70.8
61.0
56.0
47. ->
38. 5
33.0
30.0
28. 5
29.0
3
19.0
23.0
30.0
4C. 0
47.0
S-i-o
62.0
64.0
61.0
i 59-5
52.0
43-5
38.0
32.0
27.5
23.5
4
19.0
18.0
18.0
30.0
37- 0
41.0
50.0
59-5
56.0
59.0
59.0
49-5
43.0
.38.5
31.0
25.0
S
26.9
24.0
19.0
22.0
27.0
29.0
39.0
48.0
4».o
56.0
. 54.0
54- 0
54.0
45-5
41.5
35.0
6
44.8
37. 0
29.0
21.0
21.0
22.0
28.0
38.0
41.0
50.0
50.0
56.5
57.0
54.0
52.0
44.5
7
59-3
53- 0
40.5
39"
29.0
20.0
22.0
20.0
35-7
42,0
46.0
55-5
59.0
61.0
63.0
59. 0
8
69.3
70. 0
56.5
47-7
39- 0
28.0
24.0
25.0
29.0
37.0
36.0
51.0
57.0
63.0
70.0
68.0
9
78.0
82.0
70.0
63.0
54. 0
38.0
32.0
27.0
27.0
31.0
34.0
43-0
49.5
58.5
69.0
72.5
10
77.0
86.5
79-5
75-0
67.0
52.0
45-0
36.0
28.0
29.5
30.0
39- 0
41.5
52.0
6.V5
71.0
II
63.3
80.0
81.0
b'.O
74. c
63.0
60. 0
42.0
32.0
31.0
28.0
31.0
1 32.0
41.0
53.0
60.0
w
m
*
644
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table IV. — Hourly readings of tide xA/^^Continued.
Hours.
November, 1881.
December,
1881.
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
I
Inches.
2
3
4
5
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
o
47.0
58.0
66.0
76.0
77.0
74.0
68.0
56.0
40.0
30.0
24.0
28.0
37- 0
37- 0
47.0
53"
I
34- 0
43- 0
52.0
63.0
72.0
74.0
72.0
63.0
50.0
40.0
28.0
28. 5
31.0
31.0
40. 0
40.0
2
22.0
26.0
35-0
47.0
56.0
67.0
70.0
68.0
55- 0
47.0
36.0
32.0
29.0
25.0
22.0
27.0
3
16.0
22.0
21.0
310
38.0
59- 0
59°
63.0
59.0
56.0
45- 0
40. 0
34- 0
22.0
16.0
17.0
4
17.0
12.0
14.0
17.0
24.0
35- 0
46.0
56.0
56.0
60.0
520
50. 0
41.0
26.0
14.0
14. 0
5
26.0
15.0
II. 0
13.0
16.0
20.0
41.0
42.0
49.0
60.0
57. 0
60.5
515
33. S
27.0
15- 0
6
40.0
27.0
19.0
16.0
15.0
12.0
29.0
31.0
41.0
54.0
61.0
69.5
62.0
41.0
38.0
28.0
7
56.0
44.0
34- 0
28.0
17.0
II. 0
17.0
22. 0
32.0
47.0
59 0
72.5
73.0
49- S
56.0
43' 0
8
69.0
60.0
S30
42.0
28.0
22.0
17.0
15.0
24.0
40.0
53- 0
72.0
78.0
70.0
69.0
60.0
9
77.0
75. 0
73- 0
52. 0
45.0
34- 0
28.0
17.0
22.0
33- 0
44.0
69.0
79.0
79.8
76.0
74.0
lo
80.0
81.2
82.0
75. 0
61.0
50.0
3S-5
28.0
24.5
27.0
37. 0
58-0
70.0
75-0
79.0
83.0
II
74.0
77.0
86.0
88. 5
77.0
67.0
54.0
41.0
30.0
27.5
31.0
49.0
57.0
64.0
73- 0
83.0
Noon.
62.0
65.0
79.0
88.0
86.0
80.0
68.0
50.0
40.0
3'-o
30. c
41.0
44.0
51.0
69.0
72. 5
I
50.0
53- 0
71.0
74.0
82.0
82.0
79.0
62.0
50.0
34 0
32.0
39- 0
35- 0
40. 0
550
58.0
2
37- 0
36.0
54.0
60. 0
72. 0
77.0
82.0
71.0
60.0
45.0
38.0
41.0
32.0
25.0
31-0
43. 0
3
32.0
23.0
36.0
46.0
56.0
65.0
73- 0
72.0
67.0
58.0
49.0
45- 0
34- 0
23.0
22.0
27.0
4
24.0
18.0
28.0
25.0
42.0
49.0
61.0
64.5
68.0
63.0
56.0
55-5
39- 0
26.0
18.0
21.0
S
27. s
ig.o
20.5
20. 0
26.0
35- 0
48.0
56.0
63.0
68.0
63.0
68.5
53- 0
37- 0
23.0
20.0
6
39- 0
28.0
24.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
35- 0
43- 0
59.0
61.0
67.5
75-5
6^0
49.0
36.0
28.0
7
54- 0
42.0
36.0
28.0
18.0
18.0
29.0
28.0
49.0
54- 0
67.0
80.0
72.0
63.0
Sio
43- 0
8
68.0
55.0
S2-0
43- 0
23.0
20.0
22.0
23.0
34- 0
47.0
t62.o
79.0
74.5
7'S
62.0
56.0
9
74.0
68.0
68.0
56.0
39- 0
29.0
24.0
20.0
26. 0
36.0
53- 0
69.0
71.0
75.0
70.0
68.0
lO
77.0
74- S
80.5
69.0
54- 0
44.0
32.0
22.0
22.0
28.0
42.0
57. 0
63.0
72.0
72.0
74.0
"
71.0
75- 0
82.5
76.0
67.0
56.0
43- 0
3I.O
28.0
23.0
33- 0
47.0
49.0
59- 0
68.0
74.0
Decern
ber, 188
.
• •
Hours.
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
13
»4
»5
16
17
18
19
20
21
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches \
o
66.0
72.0
74.0
70.0
66.0
57 0
54. 0
40.0
36. 0
27.0
23.0
22.0
28.0
29.0
44.0
52.0
I
52.0
S7.0
69.0
67.0
66.0
62.0
58.0
52.0
45.0
330
24.0
21. 0
19.0
21. 0
25.0
37- 0
2
3-0
50.0
55- 0
59- 0
60.0
66.0
62.0
58.0
51.0
38.0
29.0
23.0
18.0
14.0
13.0
20.0
3
19.0
26. 0
42.0
48.0
49.0
61.0
60.0
62.0
56.0
44.0
36. 0
28.0
22.0
14. 0
7.0
9.0
4
13.0
13.0
34- 0
31.0
39- 0
45.0
S3-0
58.0
57.0
49.0
42. 0
36.0
26.0
21. 0
10.0
5°
5
13.0
10. 0
22.0
20.0
29.0
35. 0
CO. 0
53- 0
56.0
53- 0
48.0
45- 0
36.0
30.0
17.0
9.0
6
22.0
19.0
12.0
16.0
20.0
24.0
47.0
45- 0
52.0
52.0
52.0
52.0
47.0
44.0
30.0
19.0
7
31.0
27.0
15.0
II. 0
16.0
21.0
39- 0
38.0
43- 0
47.0
52.0
58. 0
57- 0
58.0
45- 0
35- 5
8
49.0
43-0
23.0
ISO
17.0
20.0
27.0
36. 0
*39-5
44.0
50.0
58.0
63.0
69.5
58.0
52.0
9
67. 0
58.0
44.0
30.0
31.0
27.0
32.0
35-0
36.0
36.0
47.0
55. 0
61.5
70. 0
74.0
70.0
lO
77.0
715
60. 0
55-0
49.0
38.0
36.0
36.0
34- 0
35- 0
41.0
47.0
60. 5
67. 0
75°
80.0
II
83.0
80.0
71.0
70.0
55- 0
49.0
45- 0
40.0
35. 0
32.0
37- 0
40. 0
52. 0
57.0
72.0
80.0
Noon.
80.0
81.0
77.0
76.0
66.0
59- 0
54.0
49.0
380
29. c
30.0
33- 0
41.0
43. 0
62.0
71.0
I
66.0
73- 0
74.0
77.0
71.0
68.0
62.0
550
44.0
32. J
29. 0
28.0
31.0
32.0
44.0
56.0
2
48.0
61.0
62.0
70.0
68.0
69.0
66.0
62.5
49.0
3S.0
29.0
28.0
22.0
22.0
30.0
37- 0
3
30.0
48.0
Si.o
56.0
• 57. 0
65.0
66.5
65.0
SS-o
45.0
35- 0
30. n
24.0
17.0
20.0
22.0
4
20.0
26.0
36.0
43- 0
46.0
56.0
64.0
66.0
57.0
54. 0
41. 0
il-^
27.0
18.0
14.0
14.0
5
15.0
21.0
19.0
3IO
38.0
48.0
56.0
60. 0
56.0
59- 0
5'o
42.0
31.0
29.0
16.0
15.0
6
18.0
19.0
14.0
21.0
26.0
37-0
44-5
53°
51.0
56.0
5O.0
49.0
36.0
42- 5
27.0
21. 0
7
31.0
23.0
16.0
14.0
17.0
27.0
36.0
44.0
46.0
52.0
58.0
55.0
510
55°
41.0
36.0
8
47.0
35- 0
27.0
23.0
16.0
22.0
30.0
39- 0
40.0
48.0
54- J
57- 0
59- 0
62. I
54- 0
5'°
9
61.0
50. 0
42.0
41.0
24.0
20.0
27.0
31.0
32.0
39' 0
47.0
55. '^
50-0
7C.5
62.0
65.0
lO
70. 0
61.0
55- 0
48.0
36.0
32.0
28.0
27.0
28.0
29.0
3O. 0
48.0
S3 0
64. 0
68.0
75. 0
II
73- 0
69.0
64.0
63.0
46.0
48.0
36.0
31.0
26.0
24.0
27.0
38.0
43- 0
56.0
62.0
77,0
fnchis.
S30
40.0
27.0
17.0
14.0
15.0
28.0
43' o
60.0
74.0
83.0
83.0
72.5
58-0
430
27.0
21.0
20.0
28.0
43- o
56.0
68.0
74.0
74.0
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table IV. — Hourly readings of tide j/Vj^— Continued.
645
Hours.
o
I
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
Noon.
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
Hours.
December, 188
I.
January, 1S82.
22
23
Inches.
24
25
Inches.
26
27
28
29
30
3«
I
2
3
4
5
Inches.
6
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
67.0
75- 0
78.0
67.0
54. 0
41.0
34- 0
23- S
21.0
21.0
32.0
40.5
46.0
55- 0
66.0
60.0
I
52.0
65.0
7S0
76. 0
65.0
tS4-3
3«.5
27.0
25- S
«9S
28.0
32.0
42.0
41.2
57.0
64.0
2
35. 0
57. 5
62.0
69. 0
65.0
60.0
45. 0
39- 5
30.0
20. S
21.0
22.0
33- 0
27- 5
43 0
SI.O
3
19.0
40.0
43- 0
55- 0
57. 0
S9.0
52.5
47.0
36.0
24.0
23. 0
17.0
«2.5
13.0
28.0
34- 0
4
9.0
ISO
23.0
36.0
47.0
530
54- 0
54- 0
44.0
3«o
28. s
19.0
10. 0
6.0
17.0
20.0
S
8.0
8.0
13.0
24.0
36.0
45- 0
Si.o
57- 0
57- 0
390
34- 0
25.0
13- 0
8.0
II. 0
II. 0
6
12.0
9.0
S-o
12.0
16.0
33- 0
38.0
SI.O
59- S
46- S
48.0
3S-S
21.0
15.0
12.0
9.0
7
30.0
20.0
10. 0
S-o
10. 0
22.0
24.0
46.5
58.5
52.0
S3-0
48.0
35- 0
28.0
19.0
14.0
8
42.0
32.0
20.0
9.0
9.0
IS.o
19.0
40.0
54.0
S9-5
57. 0
56.0
50. 0
42.0
34- 0
24.0
9
60.0
52.7
34- 0
21.0
13.0
15- 0
18.0
33- 0
50.0
56.0
61. 0
«'3S
('3. 5
SO- 5
50.0
39-0
10
80.0
71.0
S40
38.0
24.0
20.0
20.0
28.0
44.0
52.0
58.0
71.0
71.0
69.5
65.0
57.0
II
87.0
«.vS
72.0
57.7
39- 0
30- 3
24.0
26.0
34-5
44- S
53- 0
64.8
70.5
74- S
75- 0
70.0
Noon.
tSj.o
89.0
74.0
73- 0
54- 0
42.2
31.0
25.0
30.0
35-0
50.0
sss
61.0
70. 0
77.0
76.0
I
71-S
81.7
76.0
79.0
67.0
S30
43- 0
34- 0
27.0
28.7
42.0
43- 0
48.0
58.0
71.0
73- 0
2
52. 0
70.0
70.0
77.0
73- 0
61.5
52.0
41.0
29- 3
26. 0
31.0
30.5
33.5
45-0
57. 0
62.0
3
34- 0
49.0
58.0
65.7
69.0
67.0
tsb.o
47.8
35-0
28.0
26.0
20. 5
21,0
30.0
41.0
47.0
4
22.0
28.0
44.0
47.6
60.0
60.6
60.0
54- 0
42.0
32.5
27.0
17.0
II. 8
19.0
25.0
32.0
S
ISO
17.0
27.0
37- 0
41.0
S2.0
58.0
57- 0
50.0
43.5
36.0
21.0
II. 7
15.0
16.0
ly. 0
6
14.0
"S
ISO
19.0
27.0
39. 0
S'-S
56.0
55-5
52.0
46.0
t32.3
20.0
18.0
14.0
12.0
7
21.0
iS.o
II. 0
II. 0
17.0
25.0
40.5
54-8
50-5
60.0
S30
42.0
3'o
27.0
20.0
14.0
8
37. 0
24.0
14.8
9-5
II. 0
19.0
30.0
46.0
53- 0
62.0
62.0
52. 2
45.0
39- 0
3I-0
24- 5
9
52. 0
39. 0
26.0
12.0
II. 0
13.0
22.0
36.6
46.0
S90
63- 5
58.0
53-0
52.0
45.0
37- 0
10
66.0
S2.0
39- 0
26.0
17.0
16.0
«7S
28.0
36.0
48.0
59- 0
6i.o
60.0
6^.0
58.0
52.0
II
74.0
69.0
56.0
39- 0
29.0
21.0
19. 5
22.0
28.0
41.0
Sio
56.0
61.0
68.0
66.0
6j.o
January, 1882.
Inches.
68.0
66.5
SS'S
40.0
24.0
'3°
8.0
II. o
21.0
36.5
49.0
61.0
73-5
73- o
66.0
54-5
39- o
23.0
ISO
12.0
18.8
27.0
40.0
53- o
8
9
10
II
12
Inches.
13
14
»5
16
«7
18
'9
20
21
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
63.0
61.0
S.IO
44.0
37-0
34-2
35- 0
32.1
26.0
41.5
45.6
61.0
77.0
87.3
67. S
66.0
65.0
53- 0
45- 5
42.0
39-5
35- 0
23.0
32.0
34- 0
48.0
66.0
79-3
59-0
64.5
69. 0
60.5
S30
48.0
48.0
40.0
22.5
30.5
22.5
31.8
48.0
OS- 3
46.6
55-3
58.0
58-3
58.5
52. 5
SO. 5
45' 5
26.0
27.6
•7-3
19.5
36.0
37-9
3'S
42.5
45-5
47.0
52.0
54- 0
61.0
SIO
32.0
30.0
18.0
15.0
22.0
20.8
18.0
28.0
33- 0
38.0
47.5
510
65.5
57-5
40.9
40.0
25- S
>7-5
18.0
10.3
II. 0
20.0
25-5
30.8
42.4
46.0
65. 5
60.3
49-5
53- S
37- 0
24.7
23. 0
9-3
10. 0
14.0
17.6
25-5
37-0
41. 8
62.0
66.0
57. 0
62.0
S2.2
,^6.5
28.0
20.3
16.0
17.0
16.0
21.5
31.0
37-4
58.3
655
61.2
70.0
68.5
58. s
42.3
33-3
28.0
26.0
21.0
22.3
27.0
33-5
54. 0
61.0
61.8
75.0
78.0
74.0
67-3
53-3
41.5
37- 0
36.0
28.0
30.0
33-8
48.5
SS-o
S7.0
74.8
82.5
86.0
84- 3
72-3
53.5
Si-S
43' 0
37- 0
36. 5
36.0
45- 0
49.0
t53-o
68.0
78-5
88.0
93-3
90.3
68.0
62.0
53-0
45- 0
45-2
39- 0
43' 7
42.0
44.9
59.0
7«-5
80.0
t9>-9
93-3
74.0
70.0
62.0
54- 0
52. 0
45- 0
44.0
39- 0
41.0
50.0
58.0
66.0
80.3
t85.3
68.0
70.0
67.0
59-3
58. 5
49.8
49.0
39- S
37-0
36.0
40. s
50.0
63.1
75-3
59- 5
68.0
62.3
60.0
60.0
54.8
SS-o
41.0
40.5
28.3
28.5
32.0
42.3
54-3
44.0
.58. S
54- 0
56.0
58.0
57- 0
58.5
47.0
44.0
28.0
23.0
24.0
25-5
42.8
33- 0
44-5
44.0
49.0
54- 0
58.7
63.0
54.2
54.0
35- 0
27.0
20.5
16.8
18.8
21.0
25.0
32.0
39- 5
45.0
5C.2
63.0
59-2
59.0
44-9
38.0
24-5
'7-3
10.8
15.0
'7-5
22.0
30.0
37- 0
50.3
62.0
61.0
64.0
5f-3
50.0
35- 0
24.5
21. 1
17.0
17.0
17.0
25.0
28.0
43-5
57-3
57-2
73-0
67.0
63.0
49.6
36.8
25-7
23.0
21.0
18.0
18.0
23.0
37. 0
48.0
51-0
70.5
12-5
72.0
66.5
55-3
38-2
36.0
29.0
23.0
21.0
21. 2
32.0
39.5
40. s
62.0
68.0
76.0
77.0
73- «
57-3
48.0
41.0
34- 0
27.0
25-7
31-5
34-5
33-3
52. S
59-5
72.5
79-5
84.9
71.2
Inches.
80.7
78.7
68.2
48.7
25-7
8.7
— 0.3
••7
12.7
3>-7
52-7
73-2
85.9
88.2
78.1
61. 2
43-7
23- 3
7-7
3-7
9-7
21. 7
40.7
61. 7
64G
TUE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table IV. — Hourly readings of tide jAr^— Continued.
Hours.
January, 1882.
February, 1882.
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3'
I
2
3
Inches.
4
S
6
7
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
o
77-7
67.7
SO. 7
30-5
24.2
21. 2
2S-S
33-2
41.7
45-7
55-7
61.7
66.7
64.7
56. 7
61.7
I
82. 9
69.7
62.2
40. 2
*34-7
26. 7
24.7
29.0
34-7
33-7
49-7
50.7
i'^-1
60. 7
59-7
65-7
2
80.2
73-7
73-7
5'-7
43' 2
33-7
27.7
27.9
27-9
27-1
33-1
37-7
44-7
52.2
SI. 2
59.1
3
66.7
67. 2
71-7
S8.7
50-7
39-7
30.2
28.9
24.7
20. 2
23-2
26. 4
30.2
36.6
37-2
48.2
4
S«-7
52- 7
64.7
57-7
53-5
45' 9
34.7
33-2
36.8
16.7
13-7
14.2
14.2
21. I
20.7
33-7
S
29.7
34-7
50.2
5>o
54-7
50.9
42.7
38.2
35-9
20,0
12.2
10.7
5-7
9-7
II. 2
17-7
6
8.2
19.7
3^.7
40. 2
50.9
55-2
SO. 2
47-6
47-2
28.7
18.7
12.7
4.8
4-2
- 0.8
II. 7
7
— 2. 2
87
t24-2
30.7
45-5
52.2
55-7
SS-7
Sb.2
42.4
30.7
23.2
II. 7
7-7
0. 2
6.3
8
7-7
7.7
iS-9
21.7
35-7
SO. 2
57-3
66.2
59- 0
57-2
45-7
37-2
25-7
18.2
8.7
10.7
9
23- 7
16.7
•5-7
16.7
29.7
45-7
54-7
70.7
66.5
65-7
60. 2
54-7
44-7
32-7
24.7
23-7
lO
42.7
29.7
22.3
17-7
26.2
40.7
49-5
68.5
68.9
72.6
71.2
69.7
61. 7
49-7
41.7
38.7
II
64.7
38-7
33-7
23.7
25-5
35-2
40.7
61.2
6.V7
71-7
74-2
76.7
71.7
62. 9
54-7
54-3
Noon.
81.7
57-7
47-7
33-7
29. s
32.2
34-2
50.7
53-7
63.6
68.3
75-5
73-7
69.7
63.7
66.7
I
88.7
76.7
60.7
42.7
35- 0
32.7
29-4
40.6
42.2
51-7
54-7
64.8
67.7
65-7
65-7
71.4
2
83.2
80.7
69.7
52-5
42.7
37-2
27.7
31-9
30.6
37-7
39-9
48.7
49-7
52.9
55-7
69.5
3
76.7
74-7
67.7
58.1
48.7
42.7
29.7
29.2
21-7
25-5
24-7
33-7
39-7
37-7
43-7
56.7
4
58.2
63.7
59-7
56. 7
SI- 7
47-5
33-7
32.9
20.7
19.2
13-7
20.3
19.7
22.7
27. I
42.2
S
37-7
48.7
48.7
SO. 7
52.7
SI. 2
39-7
40.5
24.7
20. 7
10.5
14-7
9-7
9-7
'3-7
26. 2
6
20. 2
^i-7
34-2
42.3
49.2
55-4
45-7
48.7
33-0
26. 7
15-7
12.7
7-0
2. 2
3-4
13-7
7
17- 7
18.3
22.7
34-2
42.9
S3- 9
SO. 7
50.7
44-5
38.2
29.7
20. 9
12.7
3-7
0. 2
7-7
8
«2-3
12. 2
>3-2
24.7
35-5
48.7
Si-7
61. 7
52.7
49-2
42.0
33-7
23-7
12.7
5-7
9-7
9
19. 2
•37
9-7
16.7
29.2
41.7
48.9
6.3-7
57-7
56.7
55-5
47-8
36-7
25-7
18.2
19-7
10
33-5
21. 2
II. 7
14.2
21.7
34-9
43-9
5«-9
59- 7
64.7
63-7
59-2
50.7
38.5
35-7
33-2
II
50.2
34-7
'9-3
'7-7
19.7
28.2
37-7
50.7
56.2
64.2
66.7
66.7
61.4
52- 7
50.2
47-7
Hours.
February
1882.
8
9
10
II
12
13
14
IS
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
61.5
58-4
48.4
40.4
31-4
27.1
24-9
31.6
47-6
65.4
81.4
85-3
87.3
88.8
70.8
52.0
I
68.2
65.4
57-9
49-2
?9-4
30.4
25-4
25-4
36-4
54- 4
65.4
73-3
80.6
91-3
79-8
64.3
2
67.2
70. 6
65-4
57-4
45-5
35-5
28.0
21.9
28.4
31-9
Si-4
52-3
68.3
84.8
78.3
69.4
3
62. 2
65-5
63-9
59 9
54-4
41.9
31-9
22.7
21.7
23-4
36.9
35-6
45-8
65.9
65. 5
65-3
4
46.9
54-4
53-4
58.6
56-9
48.4
37-4
29-5
2.3.4
18.9
23-9
16.8
31-5
45-3
49-3
55-6
5
32.7
38-8
46.9
52.4
55- '^
54.1
45-4
41-8
31-9
23-4
13-8
5-3
7-7
22.6
29.1
38.8
6
23-7
32-9
39-7
47-5
50-4
55- 4
53-7
50.0
43-7
35-4
20. 7
4-3
31
6.9
II. 7
24.6
7
1S.2
24-4
30-9
39-9
44-9
55-4
58.4
59-7
59- 0
5'-7
35-9
15-5
4-0
2.3
1.6
13- ;
8
16.7
22.9
27-4
32.4
40.4
52.9
59-4
67- 5
72.4
68.4
54-4
31.8
20.8
II. 8
2-3
7.8
9
26. 9
27.9
27.4
29.1
36.4
t46.4
56.6
70.7
81.4
85.4
75-7
55-3
42.5
29-5
13-3
10.3
10
37-8
37-4
32.2
29.9
34-4
42.4
52. I
67.4
82.9
93-4
90-3
75-3
60.3
49-3
30-3
21.3
II
Si-7
50-4
41.4
33-9
35-4
39-6
44-4
60.4
76.4
89-4
96.8
92-3
86.3
74-3
48.8
36.3
Noon.
65-5
61.2
50-4
40.4
38.2
33-0
37-4
50.4
64.2
78.9
90.3
92-3
95-3
89-3
64.3
Si-3
I
7'-7
70.4
60.4
48.4
41.4
33-4
32-4
39-4
49.0
63-4
75-3
81.3
92-3
93-0
76.3
63-3
2
71.7
73-4
64- 5
54.4
44-4
35-4
29-4
33-4
35-4
45-4
53- 8
62.6
67-3
83-3
74-4
66.3
3
63-7
68.9
63-4
58.4
49-1
40.4
31.2
28.5
25-5
27.0
3'- 3
37-3
45-3
65.8
64- 3
65.8
4
5'-7
60. 4
59-4
57-4
51.0
44-4
34-4
31-4
23 4
19.4
16. 3
19-3
34-3
43-8
47-3
S8.3
5
35-9
48.4
52.4
53-6
Si-9
48.9
41.7
38.6
28.9
20. 2
9-3
4-3
16. 3
20.8
30-3
«-6
0
25-7
34-9
41-2
47-9
SI-7
54.2
49.2
48.2
41-4
28.4
1 1- 3
0-3
4-3
6.3
22.5
28.5
7
IS- 7
24-9
30.9
38-4
46.7
54.3
55-9
59-9
56.4
42.4
31.8
7-8
4-3
I. I
1-3
'7-i
8
13-2
18.9
25.2
30.2
40. 6
SO. I
58-7
68.9
70.4
58.6
42.3
24-3
16.6
4.8
0.3
10.8
9
20. I
19.4
22.4
24.9
34-2
42.9
56.4
73-1
80.9
76.2
60.8
43-6
32.3
16.6
6.8
11-3
10
30.4
26.4
24.4
23.4
29.0
35-3
49.4
69.6
8.3.7
88.4
78.'8
63- 3
54- 0
33-3
18.3
16.8
II
44-4
36.7
30.
27.4
27.0
28.6
40.4
60. 4
79-7
90.0
88.3
8.-5
73-8
Si-3
34-5
28.8
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
G47
Table IV. — Hourly readings of tide staff— Coni\n\xei\,
'3-7
7-7
97
'9-7
33-2
47-7
Hours.
24
Illi/hS.
Fe
25
Iiuhes.
iruary, I
883.
28
Inches.
March, 1882.
26
Inches.
27
Inches.
I
Inches.
2
3
Inches.
4
Inches.
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
1
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
o
43-3
42.3
37-3
36. 8
37-3
42.3
53-3
68.6
66.6
72- 5
78.3
75-3
79-3
74-1
69.8
59-3
I
I'^-l
52. 1
43-3
38.3
34.8
30. 3
41.8
57-3
5S3
61.3
68.8
76.3
78.3
76.3
76.3
69-3
2
64.8
60.3
49-3
42.3
34-3
30.8
34.3
42.8
40.8
43-6
54-3
66.8
64.4
64-3
74-7
73-8
3
66.9
63.8
55-8
47-3
37-3
28.8
28.8
3'-3
25-9
25.8
37-2
35-8
51-8
53-8
65.6
71.2
4
61.8
65-3
62.3
51.6
t44.S
32.3
27.8
28.8
19.8
12.8
20.6
22.8
36-3
43-7
55-7
•)2.3
S
S3- 3
61.8
<J4-3
56.1
48.3
39-8
32- 3
30.8
16.3
"-3
«3-3
10.6
19-5
28.6
41-3
52.1
6
41.6
S6.3
04.3
61.3
56.3
49.3
t44-3
39. 3
23- 3
14-3
"•3
6-5
10.8
'>-3
28.6
40. 5
7
303
47.8
61.8
63. 3
63.8
59.3
59-5
51.8
35-3
24.6
'9-3
II. 7
8.2
16.0
21.8
32.3
8
22.8
40-3
57-3
62.3
66.8
66.8
69.1
67.0
48.8
39-4
33-3
22.3
21-3
20.3
22.3
28.3
9
21.0
3S-8
51.8
60.3
66.8
7«-3
80. 5
79.5
68.3
57-9
53-3
41.8
36.3
31-8
t3o.8
3'- 5
10
24.5
35.8
46.5
55- 4
62.6
70.4
84.3
83.8
79. 3
70.3
69- 3
59-3
54-3
48.3
44.3
39-8
II
35-6
37-6
42-3
50-3
55-3
64.4
78.3
80. 5
80.3
78.3
78.8
70-3
70.8
f>o.3
59-3
52-5
Noon.
46. 3
42.3
42.3
44-3
47.6
55-8
70.3
70.8
74-3
75-4
80.5
76.3
79-3
72.3
68.3
62. I
I
58.0
49.0
44-3
40.3
39-8
43-5
53-3
57-5
62.3
65-3
68.8
73-9
78-3
76.3
73-3
7'-5
2
64.8
S4-S
49-3
40.3
34-3
35-4
41-3
41-3
49' 5
49-8
54-8
60.3
67.4
7«-3
73-3
74.0
3
66.6
59-2
53-6
42.3
33-3
30-3
36.3
29- 3
32.3
29-3
35-3
44-3
52.1
61.3
65.1
70. 5
4
63.3
61.3
57.6
46.3
36.1
30.2
32.3
21.8
21.3
19-3
19.8
29-3
35-3
5«-3
54-3
63.2
S
5f'-3
60.8
60.3
5'-3
43-6
35-8
36.3
21.8
JS-3
9-3
9-3
«3-3
19.8
32-3
40.3
53-3
6
46.5
56.0
60.8
56.3
50-3
44-3
46.3
28.8
19.8
12. 1
6-3
S-3
9-3
"9-3
28.3
41.5
7
35-3
49-3
57-3
60.8
58.4
55-3
58.8
43-3
33-3
20.3
14-3
8-3
9-3
13-3
21. I
32- I
8
29.8
35- «
51.8
61.3
62.3
64. 1
72.3
55-3
48.5
36.1
26.1
19.8
18.3
16.3
20. I
25.8
9
24.8
26.5
46.8
58.3
62.8
69-3
79-3
67.8
64-3
53-3
43- «
35-3
28.3
25.8
26.5
28.3
lO
27.8
11- i
41.7
53-3
57- S
69-3
82.3
75- «
74-3
68.3
59-1
52.8
47-1
41-3
36.8
34-3
II
33-6
33-8
37-8
46.3
Si-3
64-3
78.8
75- >
78.3
77-3
71-3
68.8
633
57-8
48-9
44-6
March
, 1882.
Hours.
12
'3
«4
Inches.
•5
16
•7
18
"9
20
21
22
23
Inches.
24
25
26
27
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches,
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
I
56.3
45.3
36- 4
32.3
34-5
37.8
48.3
60.8
70.8
83.6
80.8
80.3
♦63.2
52.3
42.3
38.8
2
65.6
53-8
40-3
32.3
26.8
24.8
28.3
42. s
57-5
72.6
79-5
85.6
76.5
64-3
50.7
44. I
3
71.8
60.3
48.6
34. I
25.2
18.3
•7-3
22. 2
35-7
56.4
68.4
83.1
77-4
69-5
58.8
50-3
4
7I-3
64.3
55-9
39-6
27-3
14.4
S-o
6. I
«3 8
33-3
50.8
68.4
70.8
69-3
63.2
50. 5
5
66.9
63-4
59. 0
48.4
34' 3
15-8
2.4
— I. I
— 1-9
««-3
32.1
52-5
58.4
63- 4
62.0
58.4
6
59- 6
60.3
61.3
56.3
44.3
27- 3
7' 3
— 2.2
- 6.3
-3-2
13.0
30.6
42.2
54-8
57-5
58.3
7
50.8
56-6
61.3
61.3
55-3
41-5
25- 3
6.7
— 2. I
— 4-7
0.3
14.2
29-5
42-7
5'-3
57- 0
8
4I-3
5«-3
58.8
63- 9
64. 5
54-4
39-8
25.2
7-7
1.2
I.O
8.6
19.6
31-3
43-4
52.6
9
36.5
46.3
53-9
63.8
69.8
64- 3
58.6
47-3
30.3
20. 4
II. 4
12.3
16.8
24.2
36-2
46.8
lO
3S-2
41-3
46.8
60. s
69.1
71.2
71-3
65-3
52-3
38-9
32-4
28.8
23-1
21.8
32.1
41.2
II
39-3
38.7
42.7
54.2
(^l-l
69- 3
75-3
t7S-4
70.3
63-4
5>-2
45-7
35-6
27.8
32.1
38.1
12
47.1
39-4
39-3
46.0
53-2
60. s
68.2
75. 8
81.3
78.8
711
62.7
48.7
38.6
37-2
35-7
Noon.
53-8
42.8
37. 3
38-8
40.9
4"- 3
54-3
64-3
78.3
83-3
81.6
75-2
62.1
48.7
41-3
37-4
I
59-9
46.7
38.9
34-1
30-S
29.6
38.4
47-7
65.6
75-3
82.3
81.3
71.8
56.8
48.8
40-5
2
65.2
51.8
43-3
33-3
22. s
20.3
20. s
27.8
43-3
57-4
73-3
77-4
73-1
*63. 0
55-3
44-3
3
65. S
56' 4
47' 4
36.2
20. 4
7.8
4-3
8.8
20.3
37-8
53-3
64.8
67-3
63-3
58.3
t48.4
4
6i.4
58.8
52.2
4^-7
24. 5
7.3
- 0.7
- 8.2
2.8
14.8
37-9
48.8
55- S
58-9
58-3
5'-3
5
5S.8
58.3
56.5
49-3
33-6
16.3
3>
-10. 5
-4-3
— 1.2
18.6
29- 3
42.6
49-6
55-3
52-5
6
47.8
56.4
58.3
56.3
45.8
27-3
138
- 4-7
- 5-4
- 7-2
4-3
16.2
29-3
39-3
49-5
*5'-2
7
37.8
48.5
56.8
61. 5
55- 3
42.8
30.3
9-4
I. 3
- 0.7
— 1. 1
9.6
18.9
28.6
42-3
49-8
8
33' 3
42.3
52.3
62.9
62.9
56.3
SO. I
33-8
IS- 8
12.8
II. 6
13-7
16.9
21.3
35-'
45-'
9
30.8
36.3
47.0
60.3
65.5
66.3
64. 5
53-3
35-3
32-5
25.8
20.8
24-3
20.3
32-3
39-8
10
32.6
t32.6
41-3
53-3
60.9
68.3
73-8
70.8
64.8
54-3
47-8
35-3
33-3
24-5
3'- 5
36.6
II
37.8
33' 3
35-8
43.8
49-5
61.3
72.3
77-3
81.3
73-3
69. 1
50.3
41-3
33-3
35-3
34-8
■I
si
648
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table IV. — Hourly rcadiitj^s of tide j/<(^— Continued.
Hours.
March
, 1S82.
-
.April, 1
8.S2.
■
28
29
30
3«
■
2
3
4
S
6 '
7
8
9
Inches.
10
II
13
Inchts.
Inchts.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
inches.
Inches.
1
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
o
34-8
37-3
47-3
44.8
48.8
58.8
64. I
75-3
8.3.2
83.3
78.8
70.2
.S3- 8
41. I
38.8
26.3
I
39-4
35-3
42.3
36.4
3<>.7
46.0
51.6
64.3
73-2
78.8
79-3
74-7
63. 3
SI. 9
47-3
32.7
2
40. 5
3b. I
38.8
27.8
24.8
3IS
27- 5
48.6
.S8.3
67.5
70.6
70.2
63.6
57-3
.S3- 4
40.4
3
44.9
39-3
38-4
24.8
18. s
20.6
22.3
33-4
43-4
S'3
S5-2
61.2
58.6
S6.S
59-3
47- S
4
50.4
44.2
41. s
26.4
«S.4
14- S
135
21.9
29.5
36.1
39- I
47-5
47.6
5'-3
60.2
SI. 8
5
55-3
52- S
47-5
32.6
20.6
173
8.3
13-8
I.S 8
21.8
27.6
34-0
36.1
44.2
S7-3
54- 3
6
59. 0
60. 3
56.4
42.7
29. 5
26.4
17.4
16.8
15 2
«4.3
19.3
23- «
25-3
37- «
S'-4
53- S
7
58.6
64.3
b3. 3
52.3
43-3
39-3
29- S
28.6
22. I
19.2
'7-3
16. 9
15.2
27-3
42.5
49-3
8
50- S
t>S-7
68.3
61.8
57-5
S3-S
44-3
42.2
34.6
29-3
23- 9
18.5
II. 9
20.8
34.8
4«.3
9
50.9
b?,-H
69-3
<'7.3
<>7.3
65-3
62.3
S9-3
50.8
43- 3
3+-8
26.8
17.8
20.3
28.4
3t-3
lO
46.4
58.0
65-4
65.4
68.9
72.3
72.8
72.3
66.8
58.8
49-3
39-8
23-8
24-3
27-4
28.8
II
41. s
51. 1
SS-S
58.2
65.2
71. 1
7S3
80.0
78.3
71.8
63.8
50.6
34-3
34- «
28.6
25-3
Noon.
7,^- .S
42. s
46.4
45-4
54-3
61.3
67.6
76-3
79-3
78.7
71. 1
60.8
44- S
40.5
33-'
24.8
I
36.6
3!'. 4
35- <>
35- 7
42.4
47-8
56.3
66.3
72.5
7.S-8
72- S
65-3
Si-S
46.8
38.3
26.3
2
37-3
35-9
29.7
26.3
28.3
30.3
40.3
Si-3
57.8
64. 3
65- S
63.6
S4-8
52.6
45.2
31-3
3
41.4
37-7
27- 3
18.8
17.4
19-3
22.8
33-:
40.8
46.8
54-6
56.8
49-8
54.3
SS-3
37-3
4
45. 3
41.6
30.2
18.8
16.3
12.3
10.3
21.5
25 3
33-8
40-3
43-8
41. S
Si-3
51.8
43-3
S
50.6
48.8
.37-6
25.8
20.3
10.4
4-3
II. 8
11.8
19.6
21.6
26.5
28.1
45-4
49-3
48.3
6
53-6
57-5
45. S
.35- <>
28.3
18.7
13-8
14.8
9.6
II. 2
12.7
13-5
17.8
37-3
4S-3
48.3
7
55.8
64.3
54-3
48.3
42.3
32.4
28.1
32.0
lS-4
'3-7
9-9
9-3
II. 7
31.8
40. 2
46.4
8
54-3
66.3
62.3
58.3
55.3
37- >
41.7
41.6
29.9
22.5
15-9
12.4
9-1
25- 6
31.8
41-5
9
S'-3
65-3
64.8
65- .S
66.1
52.3
60. 4
59-8
48.1
40.3
28.7
18. 1
II. 6
2'- 3
26.3
35-3
lO
45-3
61.8
62.3
66.1
7».3
71.6
72.7
76.2
65- .S
.S3- 8
44.1
28.5
20.7
26.2
23-4
30.6
II
4«.3
54-3
54-3
59.6
68.3
71.9
78.4
83.5
79-3
69.9
58.8
4«-3
29-3
30-3
24.2
24. 3
Hours.
April,
1882.
>3
14
'S
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
o
21. S
23.2
35-3
49-4
67.3
80.3
85-3
81.3
74-3
69.8
S9-3
39-9
41-3
3<-5
29-3
30-5
I
22.3
17.0
25.1
33- «
49.4
61. 3
74.8
76.3
74
3
76.4
68.2
S3-0
47-8
3S-3
28.3
27.6
2
27- S
17.0
18.3
19.0
32.3
40.4
54-4
63.8
68
4
7S-9
71- S
60.5
54-3
42.6
30.8
26. I
3
34-3
23.2
I7.7
12.8
16.4
22.5
33-8
43-4
S3
3
68.4
67-3
63.8
58.8
48.6
36.8
30- s
4
41.8
32.6
24- 3
16.8
10.8
9-3
14.5
23.8
36
3
S4-9
59-2
61. I
61.0
S>-7
44-1
36.7
S
50-3
43-3
34.8
24.4
IS. 8
6.8
4.4
6.7
19
S
41.0
48.7
SS-7
S8.5
55-6
49-6
43-1
6
54- 9
53-7
49.8
40. 2
28.3
'4.5
4.8
1.9
7
4
27.1
.36.3
47-3
S3- 8
SS-3
S3- 3
so- 3
7
55.8
61. 5
62.6
S''.7
42.8
30.3
'S-S
5.0
S
3
20.3
25.6
38.6
47-3
Si-S
54-3
56-4
8
5'-3
63. 2
70.5
68.9
60. 4
47-5
30.8
16.3
II
7
18.5
18.4
31-2
39.1
46-4
51.6
57-5
9
44-5
61.3
71.8
77.3
t7o.3
64- 3
49-3
34.3.
26
3
26. 3
19.8
26. 3
32-3
39-3
45-3
54- «
lO
3,S.8
SI. 6
66.3
77-3
77.6
78.5
66.3
49.6
SI
3
37-8
26.3
27-3
29. 6
33-3
38. 3
48-7
II
26.7
41-3
.SS. 8
68.7
80.3
82.8
76.3
67.3
60
3
S'-4
36.8
38.1
30-3
20.3
31-3
4«-5
Noon,
21.9
27- 3
40.3
54. 8
69.6
77-3
79.1
73. 3
67
8
6.V3
44-3
41-3
17,},
17-3
25.8
32-8
I
17.0
20.3
24.8
37- S
52-3
63-3
68.3
70.3
68
6
71-3
51-5
48. 5
,37-8
18.8
23-3
25-5
2
18.8
15.6
16.3
21.3
29- 3
42.8
48.3
57-3
63
8
71. I
56.8
56.6
43- >
t27- 3
24-3
22.3
3
23.8
16.3
12.3
9-3
16. I
23.0
3«-3
39-3
S3
3
65.3
SS-3
58-3
t47-6
39-3
29-3
25.1
4
31.8
22.8
15.8
8.8
S-3
S-3
"•3
20.8
38
3
SO- 3
49-6
57.6
50.8
44-3
34-7
30. 6
S
39.4
34.3
25.6
14-3
7-3
03
— 0.6
4-3
21
8
38.6
.39-9
52.3
48. 5
48.3
42.7
38.3
6
48.3
44.5
38.4
26.6
18.6
4-3
— 2. 2
— 2. I
10
3
25.9
28.1
'^f-I
47-8
50-3
49-1
47-1
7
53- S
.';«'• 3
45- 8
45.1
33.3
'7-3
4-5
0-3
8
7
18.9
19.6
36.8
42.3
49- S
52-3
54-7
8
53-3
63.8
.S8.3
61.8
52.9
35-3
18. I
95
•S
S
18.8
15.8
30.8
36. 5
4S-4
51.6
59-6
9
48.8
64- 3
72.1
7S-9
70.3
5.S.6
37-4
25' 3
25
S
26.1
18.0
28.3
32-3
39-2
47.8
59- 7
10
40.5
58.6
74-3
83.6
85.0
7S-3
57-2
43- 6
39
3
34- <^
24.9
29.8
30. 2
.3,3-8
42.2
54-6
II
313
48.4
63.8
78.9
89.3
86.3
74-3
63- 4
S6.3
46- 3
32.8
34-3
l^l
30.9
36.3
45.8
1
13
Inches.
26.3
32.7
40.4
47- S
S1.8
54-3
S3- 5
49-3
41.3
34.3
28.8
25- 3
24.8
26. 3
31-3
37-3
43-3
48-3
48.3
46:4
41-5
35-3
30.6
24- 3
30- S
36-7
43- 1
SO- 3
56-4
S7-S
S4-«
48.7
4«S
32.8
25- S
22.3
25.1
30.6
38.3
47.1
54- 7
59. 6
S9-7
54.6
4S.8
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table IV. — Hourly readin^i of tide j.Ar^'^Continued.
G49
Hours.
April,
1882.
';
May,
1882.
8
9
Inches.
29
30
I
a
3
4
5
6
7
10
II
13
13
14
Inches.
Inches.
Inch.-s.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
1
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches,
0
36. ",
35-3
47-4
53-9
64.8
68.6
72.3
73-4
71. 1
62.3
4f>-5
35-3
23.2
15.9
20.3
27.3
I
30. 6
25- 5
Hi
38-8
SO. 3
49-5
65-3
7'-3
7.3-6
70.1
58-3
47-8
3"- 3
• 9- 3
16.9
19-3
2
25. 3
18.9
23-5
25-3
35- S
37-7
51.6
61.2
69. 1
71-3
62.9
56.6
40.8
26. 2
19.4
14.9
3
25-5
14.8
»3-9
15. 1
21.8
27-3
37-3
46.7
58.3
6j. 9
62.3
60.8
49-8
36. 3
28.3
16.7
4
30.3
19. I
>3-3
5-2
95
16. 9
19.9
3«-3
46.6
52.0
57-5
60.3
54.7
45.8
36. 5
25-4
S
37-5
25.6
20. 9
7-3
lO. I
4-7
7.8
16.9
29-3
40. I
47. ()
55-8
55-3
53.6
47-3
38.2
6
48-3
34-8
29.4
20.7
16.8
7-7
3-3
8.6
•5-9
25-3
3''-8
47-3
51.8
55-8
56-5
SI. 3
7
57-4
46.3
42.1
32-4
27-7
16.2
9-3
"-3
12.7
16.9
25-3
37-4
45.3
54. 3
62.1
60,8
8
61.7
55-5
52-9
46.9
42.8
27-3
22.9
«7-7
"7-3
14-3
16.9
25. b
3S.8
47.4
61.3
64-3
9
62.7
58.3
61.6
57-7
.55-8
43-9
38.8
29. 6
23.0
17-8
1.5-8
'9-3
26.1
36.5
53-8
62.8
10
56.9
56.6
62.6
64.6
64.1
57-3
5'-7
44.2
.36. 3
27-'
19. I
IS. 3
17.8
28.3
43.3
55-3
II
47-5
49-8
56.8
64. 1
66.3
64.5
62.6
57-0
48.6
39-6
28- 3
21 3
'55
19-3
3'. 3
42.3
Noon.
36-7
36.7
46.1
56.5
60.6
63.6
66.2
64.6
59- >
50.2
38.0
26.5
17.4
14.2
20.8
28.9
1
25.4
24-3
t30.S
42.1
47-'
53-8
61.7
65.6
64.6
57-5
60.9
46.5
36-4
22.2
11.3
14.3
15-9
2
18.8
15.6
16.7
25-3
39-7
38.3
49-5
60. 5
63- 3
53-2
42-4
29.3
17-3
13.8
II. 8
3
16.4
9-3
6.6
■ 2. 3
24.1
20. 1
31.6
44-3
55-7
,57-8
56. I
49.0
37.9
24-7
18.3
12.3
4
19-3
10.3
5-3
4.6
4-3
0-3
14.3
26.8
41.8
47.6
53-1
50.8
4f>.3
35-9
25,8
17.2
S
30.4
17.0
10. 2
S-3
o-S
— 1.6
2.8
II. 0
25-3
32.6
44.8
49-3
48.6
44-4
38.2
28.3
6
42.3
29.8
21.3
14.4
6.8
- «-3
— I.O
3-6
12.3
21. I
32.6
4.5-8
49-5
52-5
52.6
43-3
7
52- 4
43-3
38.2
28.4
18.8
8.4
4-7
4-7
9.4
12.3
23-1
35-1
46. I
55-4
61.0
58.8
8
60.9
54. 8
52.3
45-5
35-4
24-3
1.5-8
13- 1
10.4
10. 2
'7-3
26.5
38- 3
5:. 4
64.1
68.8
9
60.6
63-2
64.0
63-0
52.9
40.3
31.6
26.0
>7-3
12.8
14.6
20. 0
jO-5
45. 4
61. 3
74-3
10
58.4
63.2
68.4
71-3
64. S
58.4
5«-3
41-3
3>-4
21-3
"7-5
16.9
22.3
3(>. 3
5.3.5
71.0
II
45-2
56.5
64.0
72.7
71. 1
70-7
66.3
57- S
47.0
33-8
24.0
17-3
17-3
28.3
40.5
S8.8
1
May, 1882.
Hours.
15
16
'7
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
44-3
58-3
71-7
82.3
84-5
81.3
7«-5
64-3
51. I
37-3
31-3
28.0
29-3
32.9
38.8
47-7
I
31-6
43-3
57-9
70.3
78.9
81.3
77-1
72.3
59-3
45-3
37-8
3'-3
29-5
28.3
32-3
37-6
2
20.8
29.9
43-3
53-1
64-3
67.9
73-4
72-7
64.8
48-9
44-7
36-9
32.8
27.5
28.2
30,3
3
"55
16.6
21.4
34-3
47.1
58-5
63.2
68.3
63- 5
54-8
50-3
44.4
38.4
30.6
29.3
26,2
4
19. 6
>3-S
II. 8
19.9
3'-3
40. I
50.7
58.8
57.6
53-7
52-3
49-5
44.7
37.3
3.3-6
27-3
S
29- 5
18. 1
II. I
II. 8
18.0
26.3
36-6
45.6
49.1
48.6
50-7
52.8
50.5
44.4
42.3
32-3
6
44- S
29.9
'95
14.2
12.3
15-6
24-3
33-4
39-3
41. 1
46.6
52.8
54-3
50.7
51.5
43-2
7
59.1
46.3
34-9
26.3
17-8
14.8
17.8
22.9
28.5
30.3
42. I
49-5
54.5
54-6
58.3
56-3
8
69-3
61.0
SO- 3
40.1
30-3
23.9
19.8
19.9
22. 1
22. 1
34-3
42-3
50.3
55-3
61.8
62.4
9
73-3
72.2
66.7
56.9
46. 1
,35-8
27.2
24-1
20.3
18.0
27.2
35-8
43-3
5'-4
61.3
64-3
10
6I4
74.2
76.1
69-5
60.8
5«-3
39-2
32.1
24-3
18.3
22.8
28.8
35.9
44-3
55-8
62. 0
II
58-4
68.9
76.8
77-1
72-3
6.3-3
51-8
43-3
31.8
22.3
21-3
24-3
29,8
.35-6
46.4
52-8
Noon.
42.7
57-0
68.0
75.6
76.1
71.0
6.V3
53-3
39-3
29-5
2ii
22.3
24.4
25.8
36,6
41.8
I
27.8
39-3
52-3
64-5
72-3
71.8
67.8
60.1
47-4
37-2
28.5
24.8
22.3
22,3
25-5
29-7
2
15 4
21.4
34-3
46.4
58.0
64- 3
66.4
62.3
53-3
42.4
36.6
27-7
25.3
21.8
22,3
20, ?
3
10.4
II. 6
16.3
t29-3
38.8
50.8
56.8
57-3
54.8
46.6
41.9
36.8
30.4
24-3
22.4
16.3
4
II. 4
6.8
9.2
16. 0
24- S
34- 0
44.8
48.3
49-3
47.1
45-8
4,3-8
•57-7
29.8
26.3
16.2
S
19-3
9-3
6-3
8-3
13-5
2'-3
3'- 3
35-3
4>-3
44-4
48.3
49-3
44.8
38. 3
35-5
23-3
6
33-3
19.8
»2-3
9-3
8.7
ii-S
18.9
26.3
32- 5
.38.3
47-1
5'-9
52.1
48.3
4b- 3
34-3
7
49.2
35-3
25-5
17-3
13-0
«2.3
IS- 3
18. 1
24.3
32.0
42. 1
51.3
54. 3
56.3
584
47.5
8
64.8
53-8
42-3
32-1
22.3
18.0
17.8
17.9
18. I
27-3
35-3
47-3
.5,3.8
62.1
66,8
60.5
9
77-5
69-3
61.7
49-3
38-4
28.3
25-3
22.3
16.9
23-3
30.8
4«-5
50.8
61.3
' 70. 2
68.0
10
80.8
80.3
77-3
68.3
56. 2
44-3
37-9
30-3
20.9
23.6
27.6
37-3
45-3
56- 3
66,9
68.6
II
72.8
80.3
84.6
81.3
73-2
60. 3
52.2
40.3
28.8
26-3
25. S
32.3
39-3
47-3
58.8
63.0
G50
Hours.
o
I
2
3
4
S
f)
7
8
<)
lo
II
Noon.
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
S
9
lo
II
Hours.
o
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
lo
II
Noon.
I
-?
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
lo
II
THE LADY lUANKLlN BAY EXI'KDITION.
Tauli: W —JJour/y n\uiiiijis of tide j/ij^— Continued.
May,
1S82.
3'
1
Imhes.
/iiihcs
51.8
60.7
39.4
47.8
28.6
ii-i
20. I
31, 1
16.8
17. 1
21.6
17. I
28.3
23.3
44.3
3''. .\
54-7
48.4
(il. I
60.0
62.?
66.3
l^'- 9
f>S.9
46.3
58. 1
31.8
43-9
19. I
27.8
10.8
•43
8.8
12.8
12.8
8.3
23. 3
15.1
38.1
29.3
53-'
45-9
64.8
60.8
7«.5
71.3
69.4
75-9
Inches. Inches.
70.3
59. 6
44.8
29.9
18.3
13,0
17.9
26.3
40.3
53.7
64.8
69.0
66.7
56.8
40.7
2«.3
12. I
4.7
9-3
20.3
34. «
53-3
70.8
79.0
79.1
7'>.3
55.2
38.3
25- 5
14. 1
13.2
19.7
30.8
46.8
58.8
67.7
69.8
64.8
S>.3
Hi
17.8
8.0
5.9
tii.8
25.3
43.6
62. I
76.3
June, i88a.
8
Inches.
81.8
80.3
71.5
55.7
38.3
21.6
•5.3
18. I
25.8
38.6
51.8
64.8
72.4
74.2
64.8
52.6
34-3
18.6
9.0
tii.8
20. 3
34.3
51.6
68.3
Inches.
Inches
80.6
73.'
85.3
82.8
80. s
81.9
64.5
71.3
50.6
62.0
34.3
50.9
21.8
30.3
16.3
21. I
21.8
17.8
40.8
22. S
44-3
33.3
5«. 4
47.8
68.8
58.8
74.2
66.7
■/I. 3
69.7
61.7
65. 5
45. 3
56.3
30.3
41.3
•7.3
27.0
12.6
18. 1
'5-3
• 5.8
26.1
21.8
40.5
30.3
57-6
45-3
Inches.
59.8
72.3
78.5
76
67
55
4>
28
21
20
25
35
48.8
.58.3
65.6
67.4
6}.S
55. 9
43.8
a- 1
25. 6
23. 2
26.3
36. 5
10
II
Inches.
48. 5
58.3
70.8
76.3
72.7
65.3
54.8
42.8
32.3
24.3
23.9
28.8
39. f
47-3
56. 2
63. 3
64. 3
63.
55.
44.
29.
26.
29
Inches.
38.3
47-3
58.3
68.9
13
•3
"4
72.5
69. 3
62.3
5'. 3
40.8
30.1
25.5
25."
29.5
36.8
45-8
55. 9
63.1
8
66.1
8
64. 0
8
58. 3
6
49.8
5
40. 6
0
33.3
8
30.3
nches.
Inches.
31.8
21.1
38.1
21.2
46.3
25-3
57-7
n- 3
65. 8
43-2
69. 3
Si.o
68.1
*54.5
63.0
58.1
54.3
53-3
41.3
45-3
32. 3
34.'
27. 3
24.2
24-3
16.8
27-3
14.3
33.8
16. 1
42.3
22. S
52.1
3«.3
61. 5
43-3
67.3
53.3
67.5
60.8
62.6
62.6
44.3
58.7
.35. 8
50.1
26.5
38.9
Inches.
Inches.
29.8
38.8
23. 3
27.5 1
19.6
'9.3 :
25- 3
18.9 ,
i^-i
21.8 1
45. '
30.3
53-7
41.4 1
to. 5
52. 3 !
62.4
59- 3
5". 7
61.3
48.3
58.3
35-6
46.8
26.3
35.0 1
17.9
23.3 !
14.0
14.0 1
"5.5
9.7 1
21.6
13.1
32.2
21.8
44-3
34-2 !
5<'. 5
49.3 !
64-3
62.3
65.3
70.8
62.3
71.8
50.6
65-3
Inches.
52.6
4'. 3
26.3
23.1
18.5
24. 3
35.2
48. I
58.5
65.3
65.3
58.3
42.9
33.8
22.0
12.0
II.
14.
25.
40.
57
70
76
74
June, 18S2.
16
Inches.
79.0
68. o
53.3
41 3
22.3
20.8
22.3
33-4
45-4
60. I
70.0
73-1
70. 2
60. 1
34-1
28.3
18. I
•3.3
15.8
24.3
39.6
58.0
73.6
82. 5
«7
.-8
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
83.7
83. 3
78.2
68.9
59.0
50.0
45- «
36.0
31.0 1
75. 0
80,8
80.4
74.5
U8.4
59.0
53.0
42.0
35-4
60. 4
70.0
71.9
73-7
70.5
68.9
60.3
49.3
41.3
42.8
52.6
60.0
63. 9
64. S
66.3
64.1
54. 0
47.6
3°. 9
38.5
44.2
54.0
54-7
55-4
64.3
55- 0
52.0
20.3
27.3
32.5
37.7
42.0
48.0
57- 0
53-6
53.7
16.8
21.8
21. 9
29. 2
3i-^
38.6
49.8
46.5
52.0
24. 6
22.6
18. 5
20. 7
23. 9
29.8
40. 1
41.5
49-5
34.7
30.4
22.3
20. I
18.6
25.7
32.6
33.9
41.8
50. 0
41.3
32.6
25.2
20.6
21.
27.0
24.0
3'. 5
63. I
53.5
47-5
36.2
26.6
24.5
26.8
22.0
26.0
72.9
67.0
57.1
49.0
38.6
34.0
30. 5
22. 2
22.6
73.0
72.0
65- 5
59.2
48.5
43.4
38.0
25. 0
22.0
67.8
71.0
67. 5
65.0
.56.3
52.0
45-5
30.0
24. 0
53-5
63.1
64.7
64.9
59.8
57.0
51.8
38.5
30.7
37.8
t49.o
54.0
57.0
57.0
59.0
56.5
45-9
38.0
25.4
33.8
41.3
45. 5
49.5
56.3
54.9
50. 0
44.0
'5-3
20. 6
28.1
35.0
40. 6
49.5
5'-7
5''7
49.2
'3.'
14-5
18.4
24-5
31.6
40.7
45-8
49.8
52.2
18.8
16. 0
16.2
18. 5
23. J
34-3
38.5
45.0
5'. 2
30.1
22.3
21.3
19. 1
20.3
29.0
30.2
39-5
47.5
47.0
35-5
3'. I
24.7
24. I
28.3
27. 5
34-3
42.7
64.0
53.2
44-7
36. 7
31.6
3I.O
27.0
31. I
37- 0
78.0
68.0
56.0
48.0
40.8
37.0
3'.5
30.0
32.5
26
Inches.
30.3
3«.2
33.8
38.9
44.2
49.0
52.0
5'. 7
47.8
41.0
32.0
2
J
22.
22.
25
30'
37.0
45.8
51.0
56.0
56.0
52.8
46.5
39.0
27
Inches.
32.0
3'.«
34-4
37-4
40. 6
45.5
50.0
?2.8
53-5
49.0
41.5
33-5
24.0
21. 7
21.5
22. 6
30.0
39.5
48. I
58.0
60.0
59.2
54-8
47-5
28
Inches.
37.0
32.8
t28.9
26.6
28.4
33.4
40.5
52.0
55.
55.
49.
40,
3«.
23.
22,
20,
21.
28. 5
40.0
53.0
61. 2
66.0
65.0
58.2
29
Inches.
46.3
36.0
27.3
24.
23.
29
37.
48,
56.
58.
59.
54.
41,
30.
20.
14.0
12. 2
19.8
30.4
44-3
58.6
09.0
72. I
68.1
«5
Inches.
30
Inches.
57.0
45.0
3'.8
21. 7
18.6
20.8
29.8
40.7
51.9
60.8
64.8
62. 3
53.3
39.8
25.7
«4.3
10.3
12.5
21.6
37.0
50.8
65.8
75-3
75.8
65.2
5'S
38.8
26.3
19.3
21.3
26. 2
44-3
54.0
64.0
71.0
71.0
61.0
51.0
36.3
21-3
16.3
>s.«
21. o
33.8
51.0
68.0
78.8
84.0
J"iy.
1882.
Inches.
67.8
TIIK LADY FUANKLIN HAY KXI'KIHTION.
651
•5
Inclits.
65.3
SIS
38.8
26.3
19-3
a«3
26. %
44-3
54- o
64.0
71.0
71.0
61.0
51.0
36.3
16.3
IS- 1
31.0
33- 8
Si.o
68.0
78.8
84.0
1S82.
Inches.
67.8
The times and heights of the series of high and low waters observed from August 20, 1881, to July i, 1883, are given in
columns i, 3, 4, 7, 8 of Tab'e V below. The times noted in columns 3 and 4 arc Washington mean time. The heights in
columns 7 and 8 are measured from a hori/.ontal |)lane passing 28.191 feet below the standard bench-mark established August
24, 1881, that is, they are the gauge readings atfected with the corrections in Tables 11 and 111. All values marked in the
transcripts as interpolated by the observers are here indicateil by an asterisk (•), interpolations during this reduction by a dag-
ger (t). 'J'he heights were noted by the observers, and are here given, to tenths of inches, but, as heretofore remarked of the
hourly heights, the last figure has little significance save as it evidences a praisewortliy enileavt)r on the part of the observer
to secure precise results.
For economy of space other columns are inserted in Table V, to which we will have occasion to recur further on.
Tabls V. — Observed tines and heights of'hij^h and loiv miter, computed lunitidal internals, daily ha'f-tide levt/, etc.
Mo<m's
up )er and
ower
tiansit.
Time
of—
Lunilidal
of-
interval
Ileigli
tof—
Deduced
Aimos-
WilK
.
Moon'
H—
Date.
half tide
pheric
Velocity
High
Low
High
Low
High
Low
level.
pressure.
Direction.
Ml
Declina-
I'amllnx.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
miles per
tion.
1881.
Inches.
Inches.
hour.
/
h. m.
Ii. m.
h. m.
h. m.
h. m.
Indies.
Inches.
0
Aug. 19
8 02
20. 8
svv.
2.8
1 22. I
54. 4
(20 26)
,*Si
20
8 07
2 07
(II 41)
18 05
58. 7
yi 9
49. 3
29. 8
sw.
0.8
} 20. 6
54-2
21 14)
20 30
IS 07
II 39
(18 41)
68.3
34-6
21
938
9 07
3 07
(II 53)
18 16
62.4
33. 5
49.6
29. V
■sw.
0. 2
+ 1S.2
54- I
(22 00)
21 07
15 07
II 29
(17 53)
75-3
32.9
32
10 23
9 07
3 07
(II 07)
17 29
67. I
23. 3
48.5
29.8
sw.
l.o
1 iS-o
54.0
(22 44)
22 07
•5 45
II 44
(17 45)
76.0
25.6
23
II 06
ID 30
4 07
(II 46)
17 44
70.8
25- 7
49. I
30.0
sw.
IS
+ .1.2
54.0
(23 27)
*22 4S
IS 35
II 39
(16 5")
76.8
25.4
34
II 49
" »S
23 07
II 07
4 15
17 00
(II 48)
II 18
1709
(17 33)
17 18
70.8
77. 3
20.8
17.0
46.1
30.1
sw.
2.8
+ 7.0
54.2
2S
( 009)
5 07
(10 58)
74. 0
13' 5
45. 1
30.1
sw.
1-4
+ 2-5
54.5
17 30
23 'S
17 07
10 45
(16 58)
80.0
13. 5
36
(050
13 12
6 07
17 '7
12. 9
46. 7
29.9
s.
I. 2
— 2. 2
54.8
12 07
17 07
(II 16)
lib 16)
76.7
17.0
27
( ' 33)
0 07
6 07
>o 55
16 55
82.0
13.0
47.3
29.8
Sli.
6. I
— 6.8
55-2
'3 SS
12 07
18 07
(10 34)
(16 34
80.0
150
28
( « '7)
0 07
6 07
10 12
16 12
80.0
12.0
46. I
29.8
SK.
1-3
II. 2
55-6
14 40
13 07
18 30
(10 50)
(16 13)
80.0
13.0
29
( 303)
. * °7
7 07
10 27
16 27
76.0
12.0
45.2
29.9
NW.
0.2
-152
5''. 2
«S 27
*«3 IS
19 30
(10 12)
(16 27)
77.0
18.0
30
(3 52)
I 20
»7 40
9 53
16 13
72.0
17.0
46.0
29.9
K.
2.4
-18.5
5(1.8
16 17
*13 50
20 07
(958)
(16 15)
72.0
25. 0
3'
( 4 44)
2 07
8 07
9 50
15 5°
69.8
23.0
48. 5
29.7
NIC.
3.5
— 21. 0
57.5
17 II
»I4 20
*20 40
(936)
(IS 56)
71.0
34. 0
Sept. I
(5 39)
3 07
9 15
9 56
16 04
66.0
30.0
50.1
29.6
NIC.
2.0
—22.4
58.3
18 08
IS 25
*2I 30
(946)
(15 51)
67.5
39-5
2
(637)
19 06
4 07
18 07
*s 50
II 07
9 59
(I I 30)
1044
16 59
63.0
62. 0
310
48.7
29.8
E.
1.4
—22.4
59.0
3
( 736)
0 07
(17 30)
55.0
387
45-1
30.0
N.
4-9
—21.0
59-7
20 06
19 07
12 07
(II 31)
17 01
57- 0
30.0
4
(83s)
7 07
*I 15
II 01
(17 39)
54. 0
33- 0
42-3
30.2
N.
3-0
-18.;,
60. 3
21 04
20 07
14 07
(II 32)
18 01
63.0
24.0
5
( 9 33)
8 20
2 30
II 16
(■7 55)
60.0
23. 0
42.4
30.0
NIC.
2.4
-M-3
Oo. 8
22 02
20 40
14 35
(II 07)
17 31
72.0
17.0
6
(10 29)
9 07
3 07
II 05
(17 34)
69.0
20.0
42.7
30.0
N.
2-3
— 9.3
1 ()0. 9
22 57
23 10
IS 25
(II 41)
17 23
77.0
95
7
(II 24)
10 10
4 15
II 13
(17 46)
73-1
9.0
44.1
29.9
NIC.
2-5
"- 3.8
1 60.8
23 5'
22 10
16 15
(10 46)
17 18
8s. 0
II. 2
1
8
10 50
23 07
4 10
10 59
(10 50)
(17 06)
17 16
81.9
86.2
2-5
8.2
45.8
29. 7
S.
2. 0
+ 1-9
60. 4
(12 17)
17 07
9
0 43
('3 09)
II 45
5 10
17 15
II 02
(16 53)
16 32
84.0
2.0
2.0
44.1
29.7
N.
I.O
+ 7-4
59-8
10
0 05
s 07
(10 56)
(IS 58)
87. 0
7.0
49-2
29.2
NE.
8.3
+ 12.3
58.9
. ('4 02)
12 15
18 15
10 39
16 39
93-6
12. 5
II
2 28
0 15
6 20
(10 «3)
(16 i8)
93- S
30
48. I
29.4
S.
1-9
+ 16.4
58.0
(«4 S4)
13 07
18 30
10 39
16 02
86.0
12-5
(j52 Till-: I.ADY ri{ANKI-IN IJAY KXI'KDITIOK.
Taiilk \'. — Ot'Stn'iil times ami heights of hii^h a;ui bio uuihr, . omfuted lunitidal intrnui/s, etc. — Contimicd.
I )ute.
1881.
•J
'4
'5
t6
17
iS
•9
:o
21
23
2J
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
I
2
3
4
S
6
Oct.
7
8
9
10
II
12
'3
Moon'i
upper and
lower
trantit.
h. m.
3 20
{«S 46)
4 13
(16 39)
5 OS
(17 30)
5 5f
(IS 21)
6 46
(19 lo)
7 34
('9 56)
8 19
(20 41)
9 03
(21 24)
9 46
(22 07)
10 28
(22 49) I
11 II j
(23 32) ;
II 54
( o 16)
12 38
( ' °«)
«3 as
( « SO)
14 IS
( 2 41)
15 08
( 3 11)
16 03
( 4 3>)
17 00
( S 29)
17 S8
{ 6 26)
18 S5
{ 7 22)
19 50
( 8 '7)
20 44
( 9 «o)
21 37
(•o 03)
22 29
('o 5S)
23 21
(" 47)
• o 14
(12 40)
1 07
(«3 33)
2 00
(•4 27)
2 54
fiS 20)
3 47
(16 12)
4 38
(«7 03)
Tinm tif^
High
water.
h. in.
0 45
13 'o
1 07
14 07
2 07
14 40
3 07
16 07
4 07
17 40
6 07
19 50
8 07
30 20
8 50
31 IC
9 35
32 15
10 30
22 10
10 55
22 35
10 40
22 45
11 30
23 40
II 40
o 07
12 07
0 30
12 50
1 20
13 30
1 20
14 40
2 30
14 50
3 22
16 15
4 40
18 10
7 10
'9 35
8 40
20 50
9 10
21 25
10 15
21 55
10 40
22 37
11 15
23 28
II 48
23 50
12 25
0 35
12 50
1 30
13 20*
I 45
14 30
Low
water.
n. III.
7 "5
•ic, 25
7 35
20 07
9 20
21 25
9 07
22 15
10 25
•i 07
13 07
2 25
14 25
2 25
15 07
2 20
16 07
4 17
16 35
3 40
16 07
5 15
17 07
5 10
17 30
5 35
17 45
6 15
18 15
6 40
18 30
7 "10
19 25
7 07
19 30
8 35
21 07
9 35
22 20
II 10
o 45
13 07
2 20
14 35
2 50
15 30
3 45
16 07
4 18
16 19
5 07
17 15
5 40
18 07
6 20
18 33
6 40
1845
7 07
19 30
7 55
20 40
I.uniliilal interval
of—
IliKh I Low
water. I water.
Height of—
h.
( 9
9
( 9
9
( 9
9
III.
5«)
50
21)
54
28)
35
( 9 J7)
10 1 1
(9 4f')
io 54
(10 57)
12 i(>
(12 II)
12 01
(12 C))
12 07
(12 II)
12 29
(12 23)
11 42
(12 06)
II 24
(II OS)
10 51
(II 14)
11 02
(10 39)
10 42
(10 17)
10 15
(10 09)
10 12
( 9 55)
9 17
(10 09)
9 30
( 9 21)
9 24
( 9 49)
9 45
(10 48)
11 20
(II 18)
II 56
(II 40)
II il
(II 22)
II 46
(II 00)
II 19
(10 50)
II 01
(10 48)
10 41
(10 17)
10 25
(10 08)
9 56
(10 10)
9 33
( 9 31)
9 52
IliKh
water.
Low
water,
1
A. m.
/iii/ii-i.
Inchi-s. I
(16 31)
81.4
II. 0
If) 05
7S.0
30.5
{15 49)
73 ■ 3
II. u
"5 54
730
26.7
(i(. 41)
iifi. 0
13 0
16 20
7.VS
26.0
(IS 37)
59- "
30. 0
16 ly
(K). 0
370
(16 04)
57.0
(X). 5
36.0
18 21
52.5
41 S
('7 57)
Ol.o
35-5
18 51
53- 0
29- 5
(18 29)
61. 0
29.5
18 Ofl
S''5
25.0
(IS 20)
65 S
25.0
"7 17
65,0
27. 3
(18 43)
72.0
25.9
18 V
0<). 8
20.7
fi8 28)
75.0
20. 0
17 12
74,0
15.0
(17 18)
76. 6
19.0
18 04
80.0
15.0
(17 35)
85.0
19.0
17 16
84.0
10. 0
117 14)
86.0
17.0
"6 57
87.0
II. 0
(16 44)
....
22.0
16 50
86.0
10. 0
(16 25)
86.8
17.0
16 25
85-5
13.0
(IS 49)
84.3
26.0
16 02
86.0
195
(15 50)
79-5
26.5
15 04
75- 0
19.8
(14 59)
73-5
25.0
15 35
66.7
26.0
(IS 38)
70.0
39. 0
15 37
e,o
36.0
(15 54)
70.0
45 0
16 15
62.5
67.0
Ci.s
35-0
(17 23)
33- 0
17 17
69.4
26.5
(18 03)
69-5
23-5
17 51
80.0
2^.0
(17 40)
80.5
24.0
«7 53
82.5
18.0
(17 42)
84.8
10. 0
1738
89.2
I/.O
(17 23)
85,8
8.0
16 58
87.0
8.0
(17 20)
90.9
9.0
17 01
88.5
II. 0
(17 00
92.0
7.0
17 00
85.0
150
(16 47)
16 33
9.0
16.0
85.5
(16 13)
80.0
10. 0
1 IS SI
80.6
19.0
(IS 47)
75- 0
IS- 5
15 43
77-5
26.5
(IS 43 )
71.0
25.0
16 02
70.0
30.0
Dciliiceil
hairtidu
level.
tncht!.
46. S
45.0
44- 5
45' 9
47-9
46.5
43 «
43' a
46.4
45-9
46 2
48.6
49-4
513
50.5
51-7
519
48. I
49.1
52.9
51.0
45.8
48.5
50. o
49-5
47-9
49-5
49-9
48.3
47.0
47-9
48.0
Almoi-
phcric
Ijrissiire.
39. (>
29.8
39.9
!■).<)
39.9
30.1
30-2
30.1
30.0
29.9
39.8
39.7
39.7
29.7
29. 6
29.5
29. 6
29.8
29.8
29. 6
29-5
29.5
29.4
29.5
29. 6
29.7
29. 6
29. 6
29.8
29.9
29.9
30.0
Wind—
Direction.
S\V.
N.
Ni;.
NK.
E.
E.
i:.
Ni:.
E.
v..
K.
E.
E.
E.
E.
NE.
N.
NE.
E.
E.
SE.
NE.
E.
SE.
E.
NE.
NE.
NE.
E.
NE.
NE.
E.
Velocity
I >■)
inileiper
1 hour.
I
Moon'i—
8.4
51
2. n
2. 2
1.9
••7
0.7
2.6
2. 1
14
3.0
2.4
4-3
4.2
2. 2
0.9
63
3-3
• •3
1-4
1.4
2-5
1-4
0.2
1.0
3-9
2. 1
2. 1
2.0
»-3
0.7
o-S
Decllna-
linll.
Parallax.
e I
t '9. 5
I
[31.5
+ 23.4 j
\ 22. 2 i
433.9 I
,18.7
-|-I2. 2
+ 8,1
+ 3-7
— 0.9
— 5. 6
— 10. o
— 14.2
-17.7
—20.3
—21. 9
—22.3
—21.3
— 19.0
-IS- 5
— II. o
— 5.9
— 0.4
■\- S.I
-fio. 2
+ 14.7
+ 18,2
+ 20.7
-|-22. O
4-22. I
■
4-21. 2
57. <
1(^.3
55-5
54- 9
54-5
54-2
54.1
54- «
54-3
54. 5
54-9
55.3
55-7
56, 2
56.7
57-2
57-7
58,3
58,8
59-3
59' 7
60,0
60, 1
60. 1
59,8
59.3
58,6
57-9
57-0
56' 3
55.5
55,0
/
57. 1
5''. 3
55-5
54-9
54- S
54. J
54.1
54-1
54-3
S4.S
54.9
55-3
55.7
56.2
S6-7
57.2
57.7
58.3
58.8
59-3
59-7
60.0
60. 1
60.1
59.8
59-3
58,6
57-9
57.0
56.3
55- 5
55.0
TIIK LADY FltANKLlK HAY EXPEDITION.
Table ^ .'—OburvtJ Hmts and hti^hts 0/ high and Imv vattr, a»npuUd lunitidat inlcniih, ftc, — Continued.
653
Time of -
I.tmiliilnl interval
of-
iicii:h
of—
1
Willi
I.
MiMin'i -
Moon's
Doiliict'il
AlllllMl.
1
1
1
D»tc. "''['.''.'"r"
lulfti'li:
liberie
j
Velwily
tranitt.
IllRh
Wilier.
Low
water.
Iliuh
water.
Low
water.
HiKh
water.
Low
water.
kvel.
iris.siirc.
Iliricliciii.
in
n\\<» |>er
Dcclinn-
lion.
Parallax.
1
A. m.
//. /«.
/i. m.
//. »;.
ImHfs.
i
Inch.s. \
1
1
_
hour.
0
/
1881.
h, m.
fncha.
iHfhtt. '.
Oct. 14
S a?
2 30
843
( 9 27)
(>5 40)
60, 0
29. 0
46. 7
39.9 ,
E.
1.1
+ 19-3
54.$
('7 5°)
15 30
21 30
10 03
16 O)
65.0
35- 0
1
«5
6 14
3 30
9 30
( 9 40)
(IS 4")
55. 5
36. 0
47. 9
ni ,
K.
a. 4
+ 16.6
54-3
(•8 36)
IS 30
23 07
9 16
<6 53
00. S
40.0
1
16
6 59
(19 20)
7 42
4 30
18 30
io 45
( 9 54)
'" 3"
('2 30)
(16 09)
60.0
63,0
57. S
310
47. 3
29.5 1
v..
3.6
fi3.2
54. a
«7
7 50
"0 45
17 "46"
320
47-5
29.7
SE.
1. 1
+ 9.3
54. 3
(20 OJ)
• 9 +5
•3 45
12 O]
(18 25)
66. 5
35- 0
18
8 24
8 20
2 10
(12 17)
18 28
635
32.0
48. 5
29.8 .
SK.
1.0
f 5.0
54.5
(20 45)
19 40
14 30
II 16
(18 27)
67.0
32.5
\
•9
9 0»)
8 40
2 30
(" 55)
18 0(1
66.0
2S.0
46. 3
30.1
sr..
0.9
+ 0.5
54.9
(21 27)
21 07
14 50
12 01
(18 05)
70.0
25.0
30
9 49
9 10
3 >o
(<i 43)
18 04
71.0
17.0
44.8
30.1
SE.
13
— 4. 2
55-3
(22 II)
21 25
'5 «5
II 36
("7 48)
74.0
lS.o
31
•o 33
9 50
3 40
(11 39)
'7 51
75.0
■55
45-7
30.2
E.
2.6
-S.7
55-9
(22 56)
21 45
15 50
II 12
('7 39)
74.0
21.0
33
II 20
10 10
4 07
(II 14)
17 34
75-5
9.0
42.7
30'4
E.
2.6
-13.0
56.4
(23 44)
22 20
16 15
II 00
('7 19)
75.0
12.0
23
10 45
4 40
(II 01)
17 20
79.5
4.0
42.4
30- 4
SE.
13
-16.7
57.0
12 09
22 40
>6 35
10 31
(16 51)
77.0
9.5
24
( 035)
10 5^
5 'O
(10 20)
17 01
83.2
3-"
44.1
30.3
NE.
1-3
— 19. 6
57.5
13 02
23 '
17 15
10 08
(16 40)
76.5
15.0
as
( I 30)
13 58
II -IS
S 25
18 07
(10 15)
16 23
(•6 37)
16 0<)
80.0
2.0
13. 0
42. 5
io-i
NE.
1.4
-21.5
58.0
36
( I I)
0 07
6 07
10 09
72.0
5.0
42.7
30.4
NE.
0. 2
1-1 I
58.4
14 55
12 15
18 20
( 9 49)
(>5 54)
79.6
15.0
a?
( 3 24)
0 40
6 07
9 45
15 12
70. 0
7.0
41.1
30-4
E.
0.9
-JI.4
58.7
15 53^
13 07
19 18
( 9 43)
('5 54)
73- 0
>5.5
38
(421)
I 10
655
9 17
15 02
63,0
14.0
42.3
30.2
SE.
o.S
— 19.4
58.9
16 50
14 07
20 05
( 946)
(15 44)
70.0
24- 0
29
( 5 17)
2 30
8 40
9 40
>s 50
63. 0
23. 3
46. 2
30.0
E.
13
-16. 2
59.2
,'J ^^.
14 50
21 23
( 9 33)
(16 06)
67. 0
29.5
. 30
( f> 12)
3 10
9 30
9 25
15 45
69- 5
3'- 5
49-3
29.7
E.
0.9
— 12.1
59.3
18 39
16 07
22 30
(9 55)
(16 18)
67.5
7,1- °
3'
( 7 04)
19 30
4 35
17 50
II 07
9 56
(10 46)
16 28
61.5
65.5
33- 0
46.8
29.9
E.
1.6
- 7.2
59-3
Nov. I
(7 55)
6 43
..-..-...
"(>7"30"'
58.0
22.0
42.6
30.1
SE.
0.5
— 2.0
59.3
20 21
19 17
12 35
(II 22)
17 OS
66.0
24.0
2
( 846)
7 30
I 10
II 09
(17 15)
63.0
19.0
42. 6
30.1
S.
0.2
+ i-i
59.1
21 II
19 45
•3 >5
('o 59)
1654
69.0
21.0
3
( 9 36)
8 so
2 07
II 39
(17 21)
72.0
14.0
44.1
30.0
E.
0.6
+ 8.4
58.8
22 02
20 25
•5 07
(10 49)
17 56
73. 0
19.0
4
(10 28)
9 27
3 10
II 25
('7 34)
78.0
II. 0
45-9
29.9
E.
2-3
-M3.I
58-4
22 54
21 45
15 40
(•I 17)
1738
78.5
18.0
5
(II 20)
10 10
4 07
II 16
(•7 39)
89.2
7.0
50.3
29.4
E.
1-3
I +16.9
57-9
23 47
22 07
16 07
(10 47)
17 13
86.5
18.0
1
6
10 40
4 35
16 30
10^1
('7 15)
16 43
93-5
82.0
K.O
52. 3
29. 3
NE.
1. 4
: +.9.8
57-3
"(•2'm)"
22 50
(10 36)
17-5
J"' J
7
0 41
II 17
4 45
10 36
(>6 31)
93'
'3-4
51.8
29.5
NE.
2.8
+21.5
56.7
(13 08)
23 30
17 20
(10 22)
16 39
82.0
20. 2
8
> 35
(14 01)
2 27
'« 55
5 35
18 07
10 20
(16 27)
16 12
80.3
15.0
21.0
49-3
29. 6
E.
1.8
-i-22. 1
56.0
9
0 '3
6 20
(10 12)
(16 19)
79.2
19.0
48.7
29.8
NE.
3-9
. +21. 5
5j 4
(«4 52)
12 25
18 40
9 58
16 13
79.0
20.0
10
3 18
0 50
7 07
( 9 5S)
(16 15)
71.0
21.0
46.7
29.8
NE.
2. 2
+ 19.9
54.9
('5 42)
13 25
•9 30
10 07
16 12
75.8
21.0
II
4 06
I 40
7 45
( 9 58)
{1603)
67.0
19.0
44.5
29.9
E.
\ 0.4
+ 17.4
54- 5
(16 29)
14 07
20 20
10 01
16 14
70.8
24.0
1
1
12
, "^52
2 '5
825
( 946)
(>5 56)
60.0
21.0
41-7
30.2
E.
'5
-f 14.2
54-3
■7 14)
14 25
20 30
9 33
15 38
61.5
26.0
>3
5 36
2 50
9 07
(9 36)
(15 53)
53- 0
26. 0
42.3
30.0
1:.
0.5
+ 10.5
54.2
17 57)
15 30
22 07
9 54
16 31
62.0
29.5
14
6 18
4 07
10 30
(10 10)
(16 33)
52.0
30.0
41.3
30.1
E.
0.4
+ 6.4
54.3
('8 39)
16 30
22 50
10 12
16 32
j 55.0
28.0
»
j.
Hi
654 THIS LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table V, — Observed times and heights of fiigh and low water, computed lunitidal intervals, etc, — Continued.
i
Time of—
I.unitiUal interval
of-
Ileigl
tof—
Wind.
Moon
s —
Moon's
Deduced
Atmos-
Date.
iijiperaml
lowtr
half-tide
pheric
Velocity
transit.
Hig'
Low
Higli
Low
High
Low
level.
pressure.
Direction.
.,'"
Declina-
lV»r'tj]ax.
watci.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
M.J lA %*^Ht^tt>
mues per
tion.
1881.
hour.
//. m.
/;. m.
//. ni.
/;. m.
h. m.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
/
Nov. IS
7 00
(19 21)
5 07
18 07
II 30
(10 28)
II 07
('6 5')
48. s
56.5
32-5
41-3
30.0
0
0.0
+ 2.0
54-6
16
7 42
6 30
0 20
(11 09)
17 20
56.0
"25-5"
42.7
29.9
E.
o.S
- 2.6
55- «
(20 03)
19 07
1" 45
II 25
(«7 24)
59-0
32.0
•7
8 25
8 07
• 30
(i2 04)
17 48
61. 5
22.0
43.8
29.9
E.
0.3
- 7'
55-7
(20 48)
20 20
14 15
'« 55
(18 12)
64.0
29.0
18
9 ««
9 07
2 50
(12 19)
182s
66.0
21.0
46.0
29.7
0
0.0
-"•5
56.3
(21 35)
20 50
I-, 07
'" 39
(18 19)
71.0
27.5
>9
9 59
9 07
3 07
(" 32)
17 56
74.0
20.5
47-3
29-5
N.
0. 1
-IS. 4
57- 0
(22 25)
21 25
•5 25
II 26
('7 5°)
73- 0
23.0
20
10 51
9 43
3 30
(II 18)
'7 31
80.0
«S-5
48.4
.29- 4
E.
I.O
-13.7
57- 7
(23 '9)
22,15
16 07
II 24
('7 42)
78.0
24.0
21
II 47
10 30
22 45
11 07
4 20
16 25
4 50
(II II)
10 58
(•o5>)
17 29
(1706)
17 03
82.2
75.0
86.0
10. 0
17.0
10. 0
46.7
29.6
NE.
1-5
—21.0
58.4
22
"(oVb)
49.1
29-3
E.
15
— 22. 0
58.9
12 45
23 05
17 10
10 20
(16 54)
83.0
20.0
23
( I 15)
II 30
S 20
(10 15)
•635
89-5
II. 0
50.1
29.4
E.
1.2
-21.7
59-3
13 45^
23 45
17 40
10 00
(■6 25)
77.0
19.0
24
( 2 14)
14 44
6 07
18 07
16 22
15.0
18.0
49.1
29.7
E.
1. 0
— 20. 0
59.5
12 30
"(io'i6)"
(>5 Si)
'88.0'"
25
( 3 12)
0 50
7 07
10 06
1623
750
II. 0
46.9
29.8
E.
2.2
—17.0
59. 6
•5 41
13 15
19 20
('o 03)
(16 08)
835
17.0
26
{ 4 08)
I 25
7 30
9 44
•5 49
73- 0
16. 0
47.2
29.8
NE.
0.3
—13.0
59-5
•6 35
14 07
20 14
( 9 59)
(16 06)
82.0
21. 0
27
( 5 01)
2 20
830
9 45
IS 55
69.0
14.0
44.0
29.8
E.
0. 2
-8.3
59-3
17 28
14 40
21 07
( 9 -9)
(16 06)
74.0
20.0
28
( I s-J)
3 18
9 15
9 50
•5 47
60.0
21. s
43-3
29.7
SE.
0. 2
- 3-2
59. 0
18 18
'5 45
22 07
( 9 52)
(16 14)
Ci().o
22.0
29
( 643)
4 15
10 30
! 57
16 12
00. 5
26.5
44-5
29.7
E.
0.2
+ 2-1
58.7
19 07
16 45
23 10
(10 02)
(16 27)
68.0
22.5
30
( 7 32)
«9 57
6 07
II 00
61.0
46. I
29.6
E.
0.7
+ 7-2
58.4
■^0
12 15
(II 08)
"1708
68.0
""28.'o""
Dec. I
( 822)
6 4C1
0 55
«o 43
(•7 23)
72.5
28.0
53.5
29.2
E.
0.8
+ 11. 8
58.0
20 47
19 15
«3 >S
('o 53)
17 18
80.5
38.0
2
(912)
8 15
2 10
II .-8
(17 48)
82.0
28.0
54-3
29.4
NE.
0.2
+ 15-9
57-5
21 3S
20 15
14 07
('I 03)
17 20
74. 5
32.0
3
(10 04)
9 07
2 30
II 29
(17 18)
79.8
22.0
49.1
29-5
NE.
0.2
+19.0
57- 0
22 31
21 08
15 10
(II 04)
«7 32
750
22.0
4
('o 57)
9 5°
330
II 19
(17 26)
79.0
13.0
46. 1
29.6
NE.
0,2
+21. 1
56.5
23 24
22 10
16 07
(«' '3)
■7 36
72.5
18.0
S
('! 50)
«o 35
22 40
4 20
16 40
II II
(10 so)
("7 23)
17 16
84.0
75.0
13 0
19.0
47-4
29.7
E.
2.0
+22.0
56.0
6
'"0 \y
II 07
4 50
10 50
(17 00)
83.0
•2.5
45-6
29.8
E.
0.2
+ 21.8
55- S
('2 43)
23 25
17 IS
(10 42)
16 58
74.0
13-5
7
I 09
(•3 33)
II 40
5 30
>7 45
10 31
(16 47)
16 36
(16 42)
82.0
8.0
:8.o
45-4
29.9
0
•
0.0
+20.6
55.1
8
» 58
0 07
() IS
(•0 34)
74.0
II. 0
44-5
30.0
0
0.0
+ 18.4
54-7
(14 22)
12 IS
18 25
10 17
1627
79.0
13.0
9
2 46
0 30
<i 45
(10 08)
(16 23)
71.0
JO. 0
42.8
29.8
E.
0. 1
fiS-4
54-4
(•5 08)
•3 W
19 ?.o
10 21
163.
77.0
14.0
10
3 30
0 50
7 25
( 9 42)
(16 17)
67.0
ISO
42.4
29.9
E.
0.9
+ 11. 8
54.2
(•5 5')
•3 30
•9 SO
10 00
16 20
72.0
iS-o
II
4 13
2 07
8 07
(10 16)
(16 16)
66.0
20.0
43-4
29.7
E.
1.4
+ 7.8
54. 1
(■6 34)
H 25
20 30
10 12
16 17
70.0
19.0
12
4 55
2 35
835
(10 01)
(16 01)
63.0
27.0
45-7
29.5
E.
0. 2
+ 3-5
54.3
(17 15)
14 40
21 07
9 45
16 12
68.0
27.0
J3
5 36
3 07
9 07
{ 9 52)
Cs 52)
62.0
35-0
47'
29.4
E.
0. 1
— 1.0
54.6
('7 57)
IS 20
21 40
9 44
16 04
67.0
27.0
14
6 18
4 07
10 20
(10 10)
(16 23)
570
.13- 0
43- >
29.6
E.
'•3
- 5.5
SS-i
(18 40)
16 30
22 45
10 12
16 27
57-5
26.0
«S
7 02
('9 25)
5 07
«7 30
II 30
(10 27)
10 28
(16 so)
53.0
59- S
27.0
40.9
29.7
E.
0-3
-9.8
55-7
16
7 48
6 20
0 07
('o 55)
17 OS
53- 0
23.0
40.8
29.8
E.
0. 1
-139
56. s
(20 12)
19 07
•2 45
II 19
(17 20)
58.0
29.0
■-
IV.i-iiIax.
54.6
55-1
55.7
56.3
57-0
57-7
58.4
58.9
59-3
59-5
59.6
59.5
59- 3
59. 0
58. 7
58-4
58.0
57-5
57-0
56-5
56.0
55- S
55..
54-7
54-4
54-2
54-1
54-3
54-6
55-1
55.7
56-5
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table V. — Obscned times and heights 0/ high and hw water, computed luiiitidal intcn'als, etc, — Continued.
655
Moon's
Time of—
I.iKiitidal interval
of-
Hcigl,
tof-
^Vi^(l.
Moon's —
Di'iliiced
Atnio.s-
,
U.ntc.
upper anil
lower
transit.
iialf-tide
plieric
Velocity
Higli
Low-
High
I .ow
High
I.inv
level.
pressure.
I )irL'ction
in
Declina-
I'arallav
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
A 'IA^^*llV'lt«
miles per
tion.
& lAifttAAL**^*
/;. m.
h. >•!.
Inches.
i
hour.
1881.
//. III.
/;. III.
//. 111.
llll/llS.
IiiiIh's.
llHlli\\.
0
>
Dec. 17
8 37
7 20
I 07
^11 08)
17 19
59.0
21.0
41-3
29.7
0
0.0
-17.4
57-3
(21 04)
19 20
»3 07
10 43
('6 55)
57.5
28. 0
18
, 9 .^v
8 20
2 07
,11 16)
17 30
66.0
17.0
40.1
29.8
0
0.0
— 20. I
58.2
(21 59)
20 45
14 45
II 14
('7 45)
60.0
20. 0
19
10 28
9 07
2 50
(II oS)
17 19
70.0
10. 0
39-5
29.8
0
0.0
-21.7
59- 0
(22 58)
21 15
15 23
10 47
('7 24)
64.0
16.0
20
11 28
10 07
3 20
(II 09)
16 52
75.0
6...
40.4
29.7
E
0. 2
— 22. 0
59-7
(23 59)
22 30
16 15
11 02
(«7 17)
69.0
IJ.O
21
10 30
4 20
16 fO
('o 30
10 i6
If) 52
(■(> 31)
81.5
78. 0
4.0
12.0
43-<''
29. 6
0
0. 0
—20.8
60. 2
12 29
22 45
22
{ 0 59)
II 15
■5 07
(10 16)
16 38
87-5
8.0
46.4
29.5
0
0.0
— iS. 2
fio. 5
'3 29
23 3"
•7 30
10 01
(!(> 3')
77.0
13.0
23
( '-58)
14 27
5 40
16 II
7.0
II. 2
46.4
29.4
K.
4. I
— 14.4
60.5
12 07
iS 05
(10 09)
(16 07)
89. 0
24
{ 2 54)
0 15
6 20
9 48
•5 53
80. 0
4.0
43- 0
29-5
K.
5' 1
- 9-7
60. 2
15 22
12 30
19 07
( 9 36)
(X' '3)
77.0
II. 0
25
( 348)
1 15
7 25
9 53
iC> 0?
7f'.3
4.0
41- 3
29.7
E.
0.8
- 4-5
J9.8
16 14
13 07
19 20
( 9 >9)
(■5 32)
79.0
9.0
26
( 4 39)
I 30
7 40
9 16
15 2f.
66.0
8.0
39- I
29.9
E.
0.4
+ 0.8
59-3
17 05
14 07
20 20
( 9 28)
('5 41)
73- 0
10. 0
27
( 5 ,30)
2 30
8 30
9 25
15 25
62. 0
14.0
38.6
30.1
E.
0. 2
+ 6.0
58.7
•7 55
14 40
21 07
( 9 'o)
(15 .^7)
68.0
13.0
28
( 6 19)
3 25
9 30
9 30
IS 35
55.0
17-5
37-7
30.1
N.
0. I
-fio.8
58.0
iS 44
16 07
22 05
(94S)
('5 4«i)
60. 0
17-5
29
( 7 09)
4 30
10 25
9 4f'
15 41
5S.0
20. 0
39- 1
29.9
0
0
-j 14.9
57-7
19 35
i6 40
23 30
( 9 3')
(16 21)
57- S
20.0
30
( 800)
20 26
5 55
18 40
10 20
60. 5
57- 0
40.7
30. 0
0
0
+ iS. 3
56. ^^
12 20
(10 40)
16 45
27.0
31
( 852)
7 40
I 30
II 14
(17 30)
59-5
16.5
41- 3
29.9
E.
0. I
+20.6
S<''-3
21 18
20 07
14 07
(11 15)
17 41
62. 0
26.0
1882.
Jan. I
( 9 44)
8 04
2 07
10 46
('7 15)
70.0
21. 0
44-5
29. 6
NW.
0.5
+ 21.9
55-8
22 II
21 07
1707
(11 23)
19 49
(>i-S
26. 0
2
(10 36)
10 05
3 '5
II <:,!
('7 3>)
71.0
16 5
41.1
29. 9
0
0
j 22.0
55- 4
23 02
22 07
16 15
(11 31)
18 04
61.0
16. 0
3
(11 27)
10 45
4 15
11 43
(17 39)
73- 0
9.0
38. 6
30.2
N.
0.1
-f 21. I
55- 0
23 52
23 07
16 40
(II 40)
17 38
61.0
11.7
4
II CX) .
4 4"
II oS
(■7 «3)
75.5
5-5
40.7
29.8
SE.
0-3
+ 19.2
54-6
"(i2'i6)"
23 23
17 06
(II 07)
17 14
68.2
14.7
5
0 40
11 35
5 24
•0 55
(17 08)
78.2
10. 0
42.5
29.7
E.
1.8
-fi6.4
54-3
(13 03)
23 40
17 50
('0 37)
17 10
69.0
13-5
6
I 26
5 50
IS 2C
('f> 47)
16 54
8.8
41.5
29.8
1:.
0.5
f-13-o
54- 1
(13 48)
12 20
10 54
77-2
II. 0
7
2 10
0 25
6 2t
(10 37)
(>6 37)
69.0
7.0
40.9
20.9
0
0
+ 9-1
54- 0
(14 31)
12 35
18 5c
10 25
16 40
75-5
12.0
8
2 52
0 55
7 00
(10 24)
(16 29)
68.0
10. 0
41-7
29. 9
N.
0. I
+ 4-9
54- 0
(15 12)
12 iS
1S45
9 33
15 S3
75-5
15.0
9
3 ii
I 10
7 20
( 9 5^)
(16 oS)
06. 5
13.0
42.3
29.9
SE.
0. 2
: 0-5
54.2
(15 53)
13 35
'9 :5
10 02
16 02
71.0
16.5
10
4 14
1 35
7 45
( 9 42)
(15 52)
715
16.0
41.9
30.0
0
0
— 3.9
54.5
(i6 35)
14 00
20 20
9 4''
If) 06
67.0
16. 0
II
4 56
2 00
8 10
( 9 25)
('5 35)
60. 5
21. 0
40-3
30.0
0
0
-8.3
54-9
(17 18)
14 30
20 45
9 34
15 49
61.0
I/.O
12
5 40
2 25
9 '5
( 9 07)
(15 57)
62.0
i,6.o
41.4
29.7
SE.
I. I
-12.3
55-6
(18 03)
15 20
21 30
9 40
IS 50
60.5
20.0
'3
6 26
3 20
9 30
( 9 '7)
('5 27)
54.5
32.0
44.5
29.5
E.
1-3
— 16.0
5<''.3
(■8 5>)
16 15
22 30
9 49
16 04
59. 0
31.0
•4
7 16
4 40
II 25
( 9 49)
('f' 34)
(-s-s
43- 0
SO. 7
29- 3
E.
0-3
— 19.0
57-2
('9 43)
17 30
23 50
10 14
>6 34
63-5
32.0
•5
8 10
7 00
('1 17)
.. _. .
66.0
48.2
29. 6
0
0
-21. I
58.2
(20 39)
19 10
'"13 15"
II 00
(•7 32)
62. 4
38.0
16
9 08
8 15
1 25
(" 3f')
17 '5
62.0
21.5
48.5
29.4
NE.
17. I
— 22. 0
59-1
(21 38)
19 50
14 00
10 42
1 («7 21)
1
73-7
37.0
1
Wv
656 TUE LADY FIvANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Taulk V. — Obsei-ved times ami heights of high ami low water, computed lunitidal intervals^ etc — Continued.
Time of —
I ).itc.
1882.
Jan. 17
iS
19
20
21
22
•23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3>
Feb. I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
•3
•4
«S
If)
17
Moon's
i upper and
lower
transit.
//. III.
10 08
22 38)
11 09
23 39)
12 09
038)
'3 W
' 35)
14 03
2 30)
•4 57
3 23)
'5 49
4 >5)
16 40
5 06)
'7 32
5 58)
18 23
6 49)
19 IS
7 41)
20 07
832)
20 58
9 24)
21 49
10 13)
22 37
11 00)
23 23
" 45)
o 07
12 28)
0 50
>3 n)
1 32
13 52)
2 13
•4 33)
2 54
15 16)
3 37
»S 59)
4 22
•6 45)
5 09
•7 34)
6 cx)
18 26)
6 S3
19 21)
7 50
20 19)
849
21 19)
9 49
22 18)
10 47
23 i6)
11 45
High
water.
I
//. III.
9 '3
21 30
10 00
22 15
10 55
23 25
ri 36
23 55
12 20
0 40
12 45
1 '5
13 30
1 so
14 00
2 40
14 40
3 '5
15 40
4 25
16 3?
5 40
18 00
7 iO
19 i;o
8 40
21 CX)
9 30
21 50
10 18
22 25
43
'7
II 45
23 35
12 07
o 10
12 10
0 50
12 45
1 07
"3 «S
1 30
«3 40
2 12
14 ID
2 14
"4 32
2 S7
15 12
3 35
16 13
5 20
18 10
8 07
20 17
9 08
21 21
9 55
22 17
10 24
22 43
Low-
water.
.',. in.
2 30
15 40
3 25
16 00
4 00
17 00
5 10
'7 35
6 00
18 22
6 40
18 30
7 20
19 25
7 45
20 15
8 45
21 oo
9 25
21 55
10 30
22 50
11 45
o 45
13 40
2 25
«4 45
3 25
15 40
4 12
16 15
4 30
16 40
5 07
18 07
6 10
18 07
6 20
18 25
6 40
19 07
7 10
19 07
7 35
20 07
8 07
20 13
8 25
20 52
9 12
21 20
9 40
23 07
12 10
o 26
14 10
2 24
15 12
3 40
16 07
4 26
16 34
I.iinitidal interval
of-
Iligh
water.
II 35)
i: 22
22)
II
II 06
II 16)
II 16
1058)
10 48
10 45)
10 37
10 15)
10 18
10 07)
10 01
9 45)
10 00
9 34)
9 43
9 42)
10 02
9 46)
10 25
10 19)
11 13
II 18)
II 42
II 36)
II 41
II 37)
II 41
II 25)
II 20
II
II
32)
38
II 07)
II 17
10 59)
1038
10 58)
10 32
10 34)
10 21
10 14)
10 03
10 13)
48
29)
23
23)
12
9 09)
0 20
9 59)
10 20
11 48)
II 28
II 4')
3'
Low
water.
//. m.
II 37)
II 30
II 08)
10 58
22
02)
17
22)
01
57)
53
47)
00)
23
02)
56
00)
OS
54)
S3
57)
07
6 01)
[6 30
7 04)'
7 33
7 53)
7 47
8 01)
51
59)
38
30)
17
22)
8 00
7 42)
7 17
7 09)
6 53
48)
54
37)
13
19)
30
oS)
SI
40)
43
38)
20
14)
14
49)
36
51)
15
53)
SI
49)
39
18)
Height of—
High
water.
Inches.
76.0
72.0
82. 5
77.0
89.0
80.5
95-2
88.1
93-3
81.7
89.2
83-7
91.7
74-7
80.7
75.2
71-7
60. 2
58.7
57-2
52.7
55-2
55-4
58.2
51-7
71.7
63-7
69. 2
61.7
73-7
65.7
74-7
66.7
77-7
68.7
73-7
65. 2
69.7
60. 2
66.2
65. 7
71.7
70. 2
73-2
70.9
73-5
65.9
65. 2
59-9
58.4
57- o
51.9
55- 8
54-4
59-4
58.8
70.7
73-2
83.2
84.0
93-9
90.8
Low
water.
Inches.
26. 3
27.0
16.5
23.0
15.0
20.5
17.0
IS- 1
9-3
7-4
- 1-3
2.7
1-7
9-7
6.7
10.7
IS ^
9-
IS-
14.
24.
19.
31-
26.7
27. 2
28.6
24. 2
20. 2
16. 2
18.7
10.7
9-7
10.7
12. 7
4-7
7.0
3-7
I.
- 4-
o.
5-
7-
16.0
13. 2
22. 9
18.2
26. 3
21. 9
29.0
22. 7
34- o
27.0
32.9
24. 6
29.4
21.4
28.4
21.0
23- 4
18.4
18.4
Deduced
half-tide
level.
Atmos-
pheric
pressure.
Inches.
Inches.
SO. I
29- 5
SO. 1
29.7
51.4
29.8
52.5
29.9
48.6
29.9
43- <
29.9
45-3
29. 6
:..• '
29. 3
41.9
29.6
37-2
29.9
38.3
29.8
41. I
29.5
41.4
29.6
4£.2
29-3
43-7
29-5
42.8
29-3
40.7
29.4
41.5
29. 6
38.3
29.9
35- 0
30.4
3'- 7
30. 5
37.6
30.0
42.9
29.6
45-5
29.6
44-3
29.8
42. S
29.9
42.1
29.9
42.2
29.9
42.8
30.0
47.4
29.6
52.1
29.4
54-6
29.4
Wind.
Velociiy
Direction.
miles per
hour.
NE.
4-S
E.
0.3
E.
0.4
E.
0.2
E.
0.2
0
0
.SE.
5-3
SE.
0.4
N.
0. 1
0
0
0
0
E.
0.6
SE.
0.3
NE.
1-3
NE.
0. I
NE.
I.O
SE.
0.3
E.
0.4
N.
0. I
0
0
SE.
0.4
E.
0. 1
E.
0. 2
NE.
0. 1
NE.
0. 1
0
0
0
0
NE.
o.S
NE.
0.4
E.
0.4
NE
0.6
SE.
o.S
Moon's-
Declina-
tion.
-21.5
—19.6
-16.3
— II. 8
-6.7
— 1. 2
+ 4-3
+ 9-4
+ 13-8
+ 17-4
+ 20.0
+21.5
-|-22. O
+ 21.3
+ 19-7
+ 17-2
+14- o
+I0.3
+ 6.2
+ 1-9
— 2.5
— 6.9
— II. o
—14.7
-17.9
— 20. 2
—21. 6
—21. 7
-20.5
— 17.9
— 14.0
- 9.2
Parallax.
f
60.0
60. 7
61. I
61.2
61.0
60.5
59-8
59- o
58.2
57-3
56.6
55-9
55-4
54-9
54-5
54-3
54-1
54. o
53-9
54- o
54-2
S4.'S
54-9
55-5
56.1
57.0
57-9
58.8
59-8
60.6
61. 2
61. 5
i—
Parallax.
/
60.0
60. 7
6m
6l.2
61.0
60. s
59-8
59- 0
S8.2
57-3
56.6
SS-9
55-4
54-9
54-5
54-3
54- «
54. o
S3- 9
54- o
54-2
S4.'S
S4-9
SS-S
S6.1
57- o
57-9
58.8
59- 8
60.6
61. 2
61. S
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table \ . — Observed times and heights of high and low water, computed lunitidal intervals, ^/tr. — Continued.
657
H. Mis. 393, pt 2 42
Time
.,-
Lunitidal interval 1
of- 1
Heit;ht of—
Wind.
Moon
's
Moon's
upper and
lower
J
Deduced
Atmos- ,
Dale.
half-tide
pheric
Velocity
transit.
High
Low
High
Low
High
Low
level.
pressure.
Direction.
in
Declina-
Parallax.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
miles per
hour.
tion.
1882.
//. ;«.
h. III.
/(. m.
h. III.
//. III.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
/
Feb. 18
(0 '3)
II 12
4 56
(10 59)
17 II
9'- 3
13-8
51-6
29-4
NK.
0-3
-3-8
61.4
12 40
23 26
17 20
10 46
(•7 07)
89.2
8.3
19
( « 08)
13 35
II 50
5 49
18 04
(10 42)
17 09
(16 56)
16 55
93-8
3-4
0-3
1-3
46.7
29.8
NE.
f-S
+ 1.8
61.0
20
( 2 02)
0 17
6 30
10 42
"87."6"
47.1
29-7
NE.
0.6
+ 7-2
60.4
14 '!9
12 32
18 31
(10 30)
(16 29)
96.3
2.6
21
( 25s)
0 40
652
10 II
16 23
91.8
1.9
46. 1
29.9
E.
I. I
+ 12. I
59-5
IS 22
12 s8
19 14
(10 03)
(.6 HJ)
93-3
0.7
22
( 3 49)
' 25
7 34
10 03
to 12
80.8
0.8
39-3
30.3
0
0
+ 16. 1
58-5
16 16
13 37
19 40
( 948)
(IS so
77-3
- o.s
23
( 442)
2 00
8 13
, 9 44
15 57
69.4
/•3
38.6
30-3
E.
0.6
+ 19- 1
57.6
17 09
14 25
20 31
( 9 43)
(IS 49)
69.8
9.6
24
( 5 35)
2 42
8 55
9 33
IS 46
67.6
20.8
44-3
29.9
E.
0.5
-I-21.0
56. 7
18 02
14 59
21 07
( 9 24)
(IS 32)
67.3
24.8
25
( 628)
3 21
9 26
9 19^
IS 24
67.4
35-3
47-5
29- 5
E.
0.8
+21-7
55-9
«8 55
IS SO
21 07
(922)
(14 39)
61.3
26. 3
26
( 7 20)
4 30
10 14
9 35
IS 19
64.3
41.8
49.9
29-3
E.
0.7
+21.3
55-2
•9 45
17 32
23 39
(ij 12)
(16 19)
60.8
36.8
27
(8 :o)
20 34
6 40
10 55
63.8
61.4
50.2
-"9-4
E.
0. 2
-f20.0
54- 7
19 40
'1325'
(II 30)
17 40
39-9
2S
(857)
8 35
2 10
12 01
CI8 00)
70.3
34.1
49-4
29- S
S.
0-3
4-. 7, 8
54- 3
21 21
21 07
14 50
(12 10)
.r
62.8
32.6
Mar. I
( 9 43)
9 10
2 55
II 49
(^7 58)
71.4
28.3
49-5
29-7
S.
I.O
+ 14-8
54-1
22 05
21 36
15 35
(II 53)
18 14
70-3
29-3
2
(10 27)
10 07
3 44
12 02
(18 01)
84.3
27.1
55-4
29.2
NE.
0.2
+ 11. 2
54- 0
22 49
22 27
16 24
(12 00)
18 19
83..
318
3
(II 10)
10 1,1
438
II 44
(18 II)
84.6
28.0
52-0
29.4
E.
0.3
+ 7-3
53-9
23 31^
22 4'"
16 45
(II 30)
,'7 56
"•^
20. s
4
(•« so
10 53
22 56
11 19
4 46
17 07
5 12
II 22
('I OS)
II 07
(17 39
17 36
(17 21)
81.8
78.3
79.2
15.8
IS- 3
10.8
47-2
29.8
E.
0-4
+ 3-0
54- 0
s
0 12
44-3
29-9
SW.
1-9
— 1-4
54.2
(12 33)
23 35
17 19
(11 02)
17 07
78.8
8.3
6
0 54
(•3 IS)
5 43
18 07
(17 10)
17 13
9-3
6-3
43-5
29.8
E.
5-9
- 5-7
54- 4
12 00
II 06
80. s
7
, ' 36
0 17
6 23
(II 02)
(17 08)
77-4
5-8
41.7
29-9
NE.
0.7
- 9-9
54-7
(13 58)
12 30
18 30
10 54
16 54
76.9
3-3
8
2 20
0 37
6 46
(10 39)
(16 48)
81.3
7-6
43-7
29-7
NE.
0.6
—13-7
55- 1
(14 43)
12 so
18 18
10 30
15 58
79.8
8-3
9
3 07
0 50
7 '7
(10 07)
(16 34)
78.6
16.0
45-8
29.6
NE.
0-3
—16.9
55-6
(15 31)
13 «9
19 20
10 12
16 13
76.9
13-0
10
3 55
I 28
7 34
(9 57)
(16 03)
77.8
20.6
47- S
29- S
NE.
0.4
-19-5
S6.2
(16 21)
13 41
19 45
9 46
IS 5°
74.8
19-3
II
4 47
I S3
8 07
( 9 32)
(IS 46)
73-9
28.1
49.8
29-4
0
0
—21. 1
56.9
(17 14)
14 16
20 25
9 29
IS 38
74.2
24.6
12
\ '^K
2 34
8 50
( 9 20)
(>5 36)
73.2
34. 5
50.1
29- 5
NE.
1.0
-21.5
57-7
(1809
IS 07
21 10
9 26
IS 29
65-9
30.8
«3
637
3 17
10 20
(908)
(16 II)
64.7
38-3
48-4
29.7
E.
0. 2
—20.8
58. S
(19 06)
15 45
22 25
9 08
IS 48
59-3
32-3
14
7 34
5 40
II 33
(10 34)
(16 27)
61.9
36.5
47-3
29.8
SE.
0. 1
—18.8
59- 3
IS
(20 03)
8 31
18 00
7 24
10 26
(II 21)
64.6
"3i."9""
47-3
29.9
E.
0. 1
-iS-6
60.1
0 30
"i6"s6"'
(20 59)
19 iPi
13 35
II U9
(17 32)
63. 3
32.8
16
9 27
823
I 45
(II 24)
17 14
70.8
24.8
44.4
30.2
E.
0. 1
— II-3
60.7
(21 55)
21 10
14 40
II 43
(17 41)
66.3
19-3
17
10 23
9 31
3 19
(II 36)
17 52
71-4
13-8
39-3
30- s
0
0
- 6.3
61. 1
(22 50)
21 43
IS 40
II 20
(17 45)
68.6
6.8
18
II 17
10 00
3 50
(II 10)
17 27
75-3
2. 1
37-0
30-5
E.
0-3
— 0.8
61.2
(23 45)
22 34
16 IS
II 17
(•7 25)
74.8
— 1.2
19
10 52
4 40
(II 07)
II 07
17 23
76.9
— 2.9
35- 1
•?o. 4
E.
0.2
+ 4-7
60.9
12 12
23 19
17 08
(17 23)
78.0
-10.5
20
( 0 39)
:» 21
5 2S
(10 42)
17 13
81.8
- 7-0
37-2
30.2
NE.
0. 2
+ 9-9
60.4
13 rZ
23 50
17 35
10 44
(16 56)
84.4
-8.7
21
( I 34)
14 01
II 58
5 55
18 20
(10 24)
16 49
(16 46)
84.3
- S 0
- 7-7
38.9
29.8
SE.
3-3
+ 14-3
59-7
I
i
658
THE LADY FRANKLm BAY EXPEDITION.
Table V. — Observed times and heights of high and low water, computed lunitidal intervals, etc, — Continued.
Moon's
upper and
lower
transit.
Time of—
Lunitidal interval
of—
Height of
Wind.
Moon'
s —
Deduced
Atmos-
Date.
half-tide
pheric
Velocity
High
Low
High
Low
High
LoiV
level.
pressure.
Direction.
in
Declina-
Parallax.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
\
miles per
hour.
tion.
i88:.
h. m.
/;. m.
/(. ni.
A. m.
A. m.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
/
Mar. 22
( 2 29)
0 25
6 29
10 24
16 28
82.1
-0.6
40.9
29- 3
NE.
0.5
+ 17.8
58.8
14 57
12 42
18 55
(10 13)
(16 26)
83.2
— 1-7
23
(3 24)
I «5
7 21
10 18
16 24
85.8
7-4
44.6
29.4
E.
0.4
+ 20.2
57-8
«S 52
13 32
19 40
(10 08)
(16 16)
82.1
8.3
44
( 4 ly)
I 46
7 50
, 9 54
15 58
78.4
16.7
45- I
29.6
E.
0.2
+21.3
56.9
i6 46
14 OS
20 16
(946)
(15 57)
73-3
16.3
25
(5 '2)
2 19
832
9 33
IS 46
70.3
21.4
44-7
29.8
E.
0.3
+21.3
56.0
17 39
14 43
20 55
( 9 3')
(15 43)
69.5
20.3
26
(604)
3 '5
9 25
9 36^
IS 46
63- 4
28.8
44.8
29.7
E.
0.4
+20.2
55- 3
18 29
IS 36
21 45
(932)
(15 41)
59-5
31-3
27
(653)
4 15
10 28
9 46
IS 59
58.5
3SO
45-3
29.7
E.
0.3
-j-i8. 2
54.8
19 17
16 35
22 50
( 9 42)
(15 57)
53- 0
34-8
28
( 7 40)
20 03
6 15
18 40
10 58
59. 6
4<5.3
29.6
E.
0. 2
+ 15-4
54-4
12 27
(II 00)
"Vi'io"
|5f
34-3
29
( 8 25)
7 50
I 07
II 47
(17 27)
65.8
35-3
So.o
29.2
E.
0.2
-(-12. 1
54-1
20 46
20 10
14 ID
('I 45)
1807
66.3
35-2
30
(908)
839
2 30
II 53
(18 OS)
70.1
37-4
48.9
29.5
SE.
2.6
+ 8.2
53-9
21 29
20 50
14 45
(II 42)
17 59
64.8
26.8
31
( 9 50y
9 21
3 10
II 52,
(i8 02)
67.5
24. 6
42.5
29.9
E.
1-7
+ 4-1
54- 1
22 10
21 40
15 30
(II SO)
18 01
66.3
14- 3
Apr. I
(10 31)
958
3 45
II 48
('7 55)
69.0
14-3
42.1
29.9
NE.
0.7
— 0.2
54.2
22 52
22 07
16 10
(11 36)
18 00
71-3
IS- 3
2
(«i '3)
10 30
4 20
II 38
(17 49)
73-3
14. 1
42.2
29.9
E.
03
-4.6
54.5
23 34^
22 55
16 42
(II 42)
17 SO
72.8
10. 0
3
(II 56)
II 00
23 22
5 00
17 12
II 26
(II 26)
(17 47)
17 38^
76.3
79.1
8.3
3-7
41.8
30.0
E.
0.8
- 8.8
54.8
4
'""0 18
II 20
5 25
II 02
(17 29)
80.3
lo.S
45.8
29.8
E.
1-3
-12.7
55-2
(12 41)
23 45
17 32
(II 04)
17 14
85.9
9-3
5
I 04
(13 28)
I 53^
II 45
5 45
17 55
6 IS
10 41
(17 04)
16 51
(16 47)
80.3
II. 2
9-3
13-4
46.6
29.8
E.
2. 0
-16. 1
55-6
6
0 07
(10 39)
""83.V'
4<J-3
29.8
E.
1. 1
-18.8
56.1
(14 18)
12 07
18 32
10 14
16 30
78.8
10.9
7
2 44
0 45
6 50
(10 27)
(16 32)
80.4
15.6
44-4
30.0
E.
1.4
— 20. 6
56.6
(15 10)
12 55
19 07
10 u
16 23
72.5
9-7
.
8
33:
I 12
7 15
(10 02)
(16 OS)
74.8
16.3
/.0.5
30.3
E.
4.0
-21.3
57-2
(16 04)
13 04
19 15
9 27
IS 38
65.3
8.7
9
4 32
I 30
7 40
(926)
(15 36)
64.3
11.4
34- T
30.9
E.
l-T,
—20. 9
57-7
,'17 00)
13 55
20 00
9 23
IS 28
S5-0
9.1
10
, ^^\s
2 15
82s
(9 15)
(15 25)
58. S
17-5
37-1
30.6
E.
2.3
-19.2
58.3
17 56)
14 36
20 40
9 08
15 12
55-9
18.3
II
623
3 30
9 30
( 9 34)
(15 34)
60.8
27.2
40.5
30-5
SE.
2.8
— 16. 4
58.9
(i8 50)
15 40
22 13
9 17
15 50
55-8
2?. I
12
~ 17
(•9 M)
8 II
4 45
17 36
6 20
II 15
{ 9 55)
10 19
(10 36)
(16 25)
54-3
49-4
56.2
24- 3
37-6
30.5
E.
I.O
-12.6
59-5
«3
0 07
16 50
21-3
36.2
305
SE.
0.9
— 8.0
60.0
(20 38)
19 20
12 ^0
II 09
(16 46)
54-3
153
14
9 04
8 07
I 25
(II 29)
17 14
63.2
156
39- 1
30.1
NE.
0.9
- 2.8
60.3
(21 31)
20 30
14 35
II 26
(•7 57)
65.2
15.6
>S
9 57
8 50
2 35
(II 19)
17 31
^^i
16.0
43- 0
29.8
E.
1.2
+ 2.5
60.4
(22 24)
21 22
15 00
II 25
(17 29)
75-8
12.3
l6
10 50
9 36
3 20
(II 12)
17 23
78.3
12. 1
45' 0
29.7
NE.
2.2
+ 7-7
60.3
(23 «7)
21 55
15 43
II 05
(17 19)
84.3
8.3
«7
II 45
10 16
22 35
10 55
4 10
16 16
(10 59)
10 50
(10 42)
17 20
(16 59)
16 55
82.9
89.6
83.2
9-3
45
4-3
45.7
29.7
K.
0.9
+ 12.4
59-9
I8
"(on)'
4 40
43-8
30.0
K.
0.5
+ 16.4
59-4
12 40
23 26
17 15
10 46
(17 02)
87.3
— 0. 2
«9
( «o8)
13 37
II 38
5 28
17 30
6 16
(10 30)
1648
(16 22)
16 39
80. 1
2.4
— 2. 7
41. 0
30.2
E.
1.7
+ 19' 2
58.6
20
( 2 05)
0 07
ID 30
"Si.l"'
-0.4
37.5
30-4
E.
1. 1
+ 20.9
57.8
14 33
12 25
18 30
(10 20)
(16 25)
73. 6
— 3-2
21
( 301)
0 42
6 45
10 09
16 12
74-5
1-7
38.2
30.2
SE.
1.6
+ 21.3
56.9
15 28
12 53
19 10
(9 52)
(16 09)
69.3
8.3
32
(3 54)
I 15
7 30
9 47
i6 02
76.7
17.4
44.8
30. 0
S.
IS. 3
+20.5
56.1
16 20
'3 31
1938
( 9 37)
(IS 44)
726
18.3
1
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION. 659
Taule V. — Observed times and heights of high and low water, computed lunitidal intervals, etc, — Continued.
57-8
56.9
56.0
SS-3
S4.8
54-4
54-1
53-9
54.1
S4.2
54- S
54.8
55- 2
55- 6
56.1
56.6
S7.2
57-7
58. 3
S8.9
59- 5
60.0
60.3
60.4
60.3
59-9
S9-4
58.6
57.8
56.9
S6.1
Time
of—
Lunitidal interval
of—
Height of—
Wind
.
Moon's— 1
Moon's
upper and
lower
Deduced
Atmos-
Date.
half-tide
pheric
Velocity
transit.
High
Low
High
Low
High
Low
level.
pressure.
Direction.
in
Declina-
*arallax.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
*^f 14 ^%#VAV/*A*
miles per
tion.
hour.
0
1882.
h. m.
h. m.
//. m.
h. m.
A. m.
Imkes.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
/
April 23
( 4 45)
I S«
8 00
931
15 40
71.6
18.4
40.9
30.4
SE.
I. I
-fi8.8
55-4
17 10
14 OS
20 17
( 9 20)
(IS 32)
57-3
153
24
( 5 34)
2 so
857
9 40
IS 47
64.0
24.8
42.5
30.1
N.
0.3
+ 16. 2
54-9
17 57
IS 10
21 20
(936)
(IS 46)
59- 0
27.9
25
(620)
3 30
9 37
, 9 33^
15 40
61. 2
27-3
41.7
30.2
E.
6-3
+ I3-0
54-5
18 42
15 SO
22 07
( 930)
(•5 47)
513
30.2
26
( 7 04)
4 20
9 38
SS.8
50.4
38.1
30.3
E.
0. 7
4-9-3
54- 2
1925
18 10
12 00
(II 06)
17 18 '
•7-3
1 y 0
27
( 7 46)
635
0 2S
II 10
(17 21)
54-3
27.8
38.8
30.3
E.
0. 2
+ 5-3
54-2
20 07
19 25
13 20
(II 39)
17 55
52.4
22.8
28
(828)
8 08
I SO
12 01
(18 04)
57.6
25-3
40.7
30.2
E.
0-3
-f 1.0
54-2
20 48
20 25
1409
(II 57)
18 02
60.2
22.3
29
( 9 09)
8 50
2 40
12 02
(18 12)
62.7
24.8
40. 2
30.2
N.
0.8
- 3-3
54-5
21 30
*20 50
15 07
(II 41)
18 19
bl. I
16.3
30
(9 52)
9 22
3 12
n 52
(18 03)
58.8
14. 5
36-4
30.2
NW.
0.9
-7-6
54.8
22 14
21 30
IS 30
(II 38)
18 00
63- 9
9.2
May I
(10 36)
9 50
3 42
II 36
(17 50)
62. 7
II. 6
36.0
30.2
N.
0.7
—11.6
55-3
22 59
22 07
IS 55
(II 31)
17 41
68.4
4.8
2
(.1 23)
10 27
4 18
II 28
(17 42)
65 3
4.6
36.7
30.1
NW.
0.8
-IS. 2
55-8
23 48
22 40
16 33
(II 17)
17 34
73-5
3.6
3
IDS?
4 5°
II 10
(17 27)
66.3
7-9
36.4
30.2
SE.
S-6
—18. 1
56-3
"(i2"i;r
23 18
17 07
(II 04)
17 »9
72.0
0.5
4
0 39
II 40
5 30
II 01
(f7 16)
65-5
2.9
34.6
30.3
NE.
2-3
—20.2
S6.8
(«3 OS)
23 52
17 45
(10 47)
17 06
72.4
-2.5
s
I 32
6 og
(17 04)
16 30
2. 7
35-4
30.2
NW.
0.6
—21.2
57-3
(•3 59)
12 00
18 02
10" 28
"ll'.V
— 1. 1
6
2 27
0 10
6 18
(10 II)
(16 19)
73.8
6.6
37-2
30.1
E.
0.9
— 21.0
57-8
('4 55)
»2 33
18 39
10 06
16 12
66.3
31
7
3 23
0 4S
6 53
( 9 50)
('5 58)
73-6
II. 8
39-2
30.0
SE.
1-7
— 19.6
S8.2
(IS 5')
«3 04
19 14
9 41
IS SI
64.6
9-3
8
4 19
I 23
7 30
(932)
(15 39)
71.9
139
38-5
30.2
E.
4-1
—17. 1
S8.6
(16 46)
14 00
20 02
9 41
15 43
60.9
10. 1
9
, S '3^
2 18
835
(932)
(15 49)
633
IS- 3
36-9
30.3
NE.
1.2
-13-5
59-0
(«7 40)
14 55
21 02
9 42
15 49
S6.1
14-5
10
6 06
3 IS
9 33
(9 35)
(IS S3)
61.3
18.2
36-2
30.3
SW.
0. 2
— 91
S9-2
(18 32)
15 49
22 10
9 43
16 04
SI. 4
16.8
II
658
4 29
10 47
(9 57)
(16 15)
SS.8
IS- 3
34-2
30.3
NW.
0.7
— 4.2
59-5
(19 24)
17 25
23 55
10 27
16 57
49.8
15.8
12
7 49
6 18
(10 54)
II 36
56.1
\\.%
30.2
S.
o-S
+ 0.9
59-6
(20 IS)
19 25
13 07
~W43)'
56.1
"m.!""
J*T' ^
«3
8 41
7 40
I 35
(II 2S)
17 46
62.8
15-7
38-1
30.0
SE.
6.7
+ 6.1
59-6
(21 07)
20 17
13 50
," 36
(17 35)
64.4
13-4
14
9 33,
833
2 27
(II 26)
17 46
64.5
14-3
40.7
29.9
NE.
0.4
+ 10.8
59-4
(22 00)
21 13
14 40
II 40
(17 33)
74.8
10.8
«S
10 27
9 30
3 22
(II 30)
17 49
74.8
15-2
44-5
29-7
NE.
5-3
+ 15-0
59-1
(22 54)
22 CX)
IS 41
II 33
(17 41)
80.9
9-3
16
■ I 22
#9 SO
4 17
(10 56)
17 SO
80.8
13-2
45-4
29.8
SW.
i-S
+18.2
S8.6
(23 50)
22 42
16 22
II 20
(17 28)
82.1
6-3
17
10 47
4 55
(10 57)
10 59
17 33
82. I
10.3
45- 4
29.8
S.
o-S
+20.3
S8.o
'"i2"i8"
23 17
17 OS
(17 IS)
8s. I
6.3
18
(046)
II 38
5 28
(10 52)
17 10
77.6
8.9
44-9
29.8
NW.
I.O
+21.2
57-4
13 »4
23 55
17 44
10 41
(16 58)
84.8
7.8
19
( 141)
14 08
6 10
16 s6
II. 2
44-9
29. 9
NE.
1.6
+20.9
56.7
12 OS
18 20
(10 24)
(16 39)
"76:3""
8-3
20
(234)
0 30
6 38
10 22
16 30
82.9
12.3
45- 0
30.0
NE.
i-S
+ 19- 5
56.0
15 00
12 40
18 SO
(10 06)
(16 16)
76.3
II-3
1
21
(32s)
I 00
7 15
10 00
16 is^
77-1
16.8
44-6
30.1
SE.
1. 1
+ •7-2
55-3
15 49
13 25
19 32
(10 00)
(16 07)
70.7
15-3
22
(4 13)
I 40
7 49
9 51
16 00
74.8
18.3
43-5
30.2
SE.
1.4
+ 14- I
54-8
1636
13 5°
19 55
(9 37)
(15 42)
67.4
17- 3
i
23
(4 58)
2 04
8 26
9 28
IS SO
64.8
19. 1
40-3
30.4
E.
0.8
+ 10.5
54-5
17 20
14 36
20 43
(938)
Cs 45)
63- 3
16.8
1
1
24
( S4I)
3 00
9 10
9 40
IS 50
55-4
17-3
35-6
30.4
i N.
'-5
-f 6. 6
54-3
18 02
«5 30
21 35
( 9 49)
(IS 54)
47-4
23.0
■
660 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table V. — Observed times and heights of high and lojv water, computed lunitidal intervals, etc. — Continued.
!!•
Moon's
upper and
lower
transit.
Time of—
Lunitida
of
interval
Height of—
Wind.
Moon's —
Deduced
Atmos-
Date.
half-tide
pheric
Velocity
High
Low
High
Low
High
Low .
level.
pressure.
Direction.
in
Declina-
Parallax.
1882.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
Inches.
miles per
hour.
tion.
0
Ii. m.
/;. /«.
//. ///.
/t. m.
h. tn.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
/
May 25
( 6 2J)
3 46
10 20
9 44
16 18
53- I
21.0
36.8
30-3
N.
0.8
+ 2.4
54-2
18 44
17 07
23 13
(10 44)
(16 so)
48.3
25-3
26
( 7 05)
19 25
5 37
18 18
II 49
10 S3
(II 13)
11 27
17 OS
53-9
52.5
55-2
21.8
38.7
30.2
K.
0.4
- 1-9
54-4
27
( 7 47)
652
0 36
"(i7"30'"
29, 0
39-8
30.2
S.
4.9
-6.2
54-7
20 08
19 18
13 04
(II 31)
17 39
54-4
iz. 2
28
( 8 30)
7 49
I 32
II 41
(■7 45)
55.6
27-3
41.2
30-2
SE.
6.4
-10.3
55-1
20 52
20 13
14 00
(II 43)
17 S2
62.3
21.8
29
( 9 'S)
837
2 27
II 45
(17 57)
62.4
27.0
44-4
3f^-^
NE.
2. I
— 14.0
55-7
21 39
21 09
14 49
(II 54)
17 57
70.3
21.6
30
(10 04)
9 36
3 24
II 57
(18 09)
65.8
24- 3
43-4
30.1
E.
8-3
-17.2
56-3
22 29
21 55
IS 48
II 51)
18 09
69-3
16. I
31
(10 56)
10 45
4 07
12 16
(18 03)
64.4
16.7
40. 2
30-4
S.
0.8
— 19. 6
57-0
23 23
22 22
16 IS
(II 26)
17 46
717
8.3
June I
(II 5°)
10 26
22 55
11 18
4 30
iC 29
5 00
II 03
(11 OS)
II 00
(17 34)
17 06
(17 10)
67- 3
76.2
69.4
14.2
6.7
13.0
40.7
30.3
,SE.
0.3
—21.0
57.6
2
""o\l"
413
30.1
E.
I. 2
—21.2
58.2
(12 46)
23 30
17 24
(10 44)
17 06
80.3
4.6
3
1 '5
(13 44)
2 13
II 47
5 35
17 50
6 23
10 32
(16 49)
/'^ 35^
(16 39)
70.2
10.3
6.9
12.9
42.2
30-1
S.
0.8
— 20. I
58.7
4
0 14
(10 30)
"si.'g"
44-7
30-0
SE.
1-9
-17-8
59-0
(«4 4')
12 35
18 25
10 22
16 12
75-2
8.3
S
3 09
0 40
6 47
( 9 59)
(16 06)
8s. 8
IS- 2
46.4
30.0
E.
4.8
—14-4
59-3
(IS 30)
13 10
19 18
10 01
16 09
74-3
12-3
6
. l°^^
I 24
7 42
( 948)
(16 06)
83.8
16.9
46. I
30. 0
W.
1-3
— 10.2
59-4
(16 29)
13 53
20 05
9 50
16 02
69.8
iS-8
7
4 55^
2 IS
8 27
( 946)
(■5 58)
79.1
20.4
46.9
30. 0
.S\V.
0-3
— 5-4
59-4
(17 21)
14 35
20 47
9 40
15 52
67.8
23-2
8
5 46
2 56
9 so
(9 35)
(IS 49)
76.8
23-8
47.2
30.0
SW.
1.4
- 0.3
59-3
(18 II)
15 37
21 5°
9 51
16 04
64.4
26,0
9
637^
4 07
10 25
(956)
(16 14)
72.5
24.2
47-7
30.0
W.
I. I
+ 4-8
59- 1
(19 02)
17 12
23 20
10 35
16 43
66.3
29.8
10
7 28
(19 54)
5 33
18 27
II SI
(10 31)
10 59
(16 49)
71. I
68.0
24.1
46. s
30.1
S.
0.6
+ 9-6
58-9
II
8 20
7 07
0 50
(II 13)
17 22
58.1
21. 1
39-8
30.0
SW.
2. I
+ 13-9
58.6
(20 46)
19 48
13 12
II 28
(17 18)
62.6
14.2
12
, 9 '3^
8 09
I 58
(II 23)
17 38
62. 5
19.6
40.2
29.9
E.
I. I
+ 17-3
58.2
(21 40)
20 35
14 07
II 22
(17 21)
66.1
14.0
•3
10 08
8 40
2 40
(II 00)
17 27
61.6
19- 3
40.5
29.9
W.
I- 5
+ 19-8
57-7
(22 35)
21 42
IS 14
II 34
(17 34)
72.6
10.6
14
II 03
9 54
3 49
(II 19)
17 41
65-7
18. 1
42.7
29.8
SW.
1-4
+21. 1
57-2
(23 30)
21 50
16 00
10 47
(17 2S)
76.2
II. 9
'S
" 57
10 26
4 21
(lo S6)
17 18
73- 1
17. I
46.7
29- 5
SE.
7-5
-f21.2
56- 7
23 10
16 35
II 13
(17 OS)
84.0
14- I
16
( 0 24)
II 28
5 07
(II 04)
17 10
73' 4
20.9
47-4
29- S
E.
4-1
-)-20. 2
56.1
12 50
23 50
17 40
II 00
(17 16)
83-7
13.0
17
( I 16)
13 41
6 05
18 10
17. 15
(16 54)
16.8
47-0
29 S
v..
10.8
■f 18. I
SS-6
12 15
(lo'sg)"
""73-9
13 I
18
( 2 OS)
0 10
6 23
10 29
16 42
83- 3
20.3
47-3
29. 6
SF.
15
+ 15-3
55- 1
14 29
12 26
18 25
(10 2.)
(16 20)
72.7
•4-3
«9
( 2 50
0 33
6 42
10 04
16 13
81.2
18-3
45-5
29.7
S.
5-5
+ II-9
54-7
15 «4
12 55
19 IS
(10 04)
(16 24)
68.4
16.2
20
(3 36)
I 20
7 31
10 06
16 17
75-5
19.2
43-8
29.9
s.
<5-2
+ 8.0
54-4
IS 57
13 49
19 55
(10 i.^)
(16 19)
65.5
17.2
21
( 4 IS)
2 09
8 20
10 12
16 23
70- 5
18. I
42. I
30.0
S.
7->
-1- 3-9
54-2
16 39
14 .30
20 35
(10 12)
(16 17)
59-8
20. I
22
( 5 ^^)
2 42
84s
10 03
16 06
70.5
21-3
43-7
29.8
s.
2. 0
— 0.4
54-2
l'^ 21
15 00
21 07
(10 00)
(16 07)
59.3
28.3
23
( s 42)
3 16
9 29
9 55
16 08
f'5-3
2S.8
42.9
29.8
SE.
2-5
- 4-7
54-4
18 02
IS 44
^i 55
(10 02)
(16 13)
57-0
27.0
24
( 6 23)
4 07
10 18
10 05
16 16
550
22.0
39-7
30.1
s.
2-3
- 8.8
54-8
18 45
16 35
22 44
(10 12)
(16 21)
53- 0
30.0
25
( 7 08)
4 57
II 18
10 12
16 33
53-7
21.8
39-7
30.1
SW.
1.9
— 12.6
55-3
19 31
17 30
23 38
(10 22)
(16 30)
54.0
29.8
Parallax.
/
S4-2
54-4
54. 7
55- >
55-7
56.3
57.0
57-6
58.2
58.7
59.0
59. 3
59-4
S94
59- 3
59-1
58-9
58.6
58.2
57-7
57-2
56-7
56. 1
55.6
55. I
54-7
54-4
54-2
54.2
54-4
54.8
55-3
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITIOtf.
Table V. — Obserred times and heights of high and loiv water, computed lunitidal intervals, etc, — Continued.
661
Time of —
Lunitidal interval
of-
Height of—
Wind.
Moon'
s —
Moon's
upper and
lower
transit.
.
Deduced
Atmos
Date.
half-tide
pheric
Velocity
High
Low
High
Low
High
Low
level.
pressure.
Direction
in
Declioa-
Parallax.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
^J ■■ \*\#LlV#lla
miles per
hour.
tion.
A i*444tl&*««l
1882.
//. in.
h. m.
//. m.
h, m.
h. m.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
/
June 26
( 7 55)
20 19
5 52
10 21
52. 2
56.7
40.3
30.1
s.
1.8
— 16. 0
55.9
18 30
12 14
(10 35)
16 43"
"'2i.'8""
27
( 844)
7 20
0 44
II 01
(16 49)
55.5
30.8
41-3
30.0
s.
3.2
-18.7
56.7
21 10
20 10
13 41
(II 26)
17 22
61.0
21.3
28
{ 9 37)
8 45
2 34
II 35
(17 5°)
57-0
25. I
4' 5
30.1
SE.
12.8
-20.5
57-5
22 05
21 10
14 55
(II ii)
17 45
66.5
20.0
29
(10 33)
9 34
3 30
II 29
(17 53)
60. 9
22, 7
41 3
30. 0
S.
13.0
-21.3
58.3
23 02
22 OS
IS 43
(II 32)
17 38
72.1
12.0
30
(" 31)
10 30
22 38
4 12
16 2S
II 28
(II 07)
10 50
(17 39)
17 23
('7 19)
65.3
77-1
68.6
17.8
8.8
41-7
3". 0
SE.
12.5
-20.7
59.0
July I
0 CX)
10 SO
4 5°
14.8
417
30.0
p.
2.4
-iS. 8
j9.5
(12 29)
23 i6
»I7 10
(10 47)
17 10
80.1
*4.8
2
0 58
II 46
5 30
10 48
(17 01)
71.4
ii-S
41. I
30.1
s\v.
1-5
—15.7
59. 9
(13 27)
23 55
*i7 56
(10 28)
16 S8
79.7
»2.8
3
I 55
6 OS
(16 38)
16 29
8.5
6.8
40.7
^0. 2
E.
I. 2
—II. 6
60. I
(«4 23)
12 21
18 24
10 26
70.1
.>". "
4
250
0 22
6 48
( 9 59)
(■6 2S)
78.3
4.0
39-3
30.1
s.
2.2
-6.8
5o, I
('5 «7)
13 10
19 IS
10 20
16 2S
69. 2
4.1
5
. 3 43^
I 30
7 42
(10 13)
(16 25)
78.8
»5.8
39.9
29.9
sw.
2. I
— 1.7
59.9
(1609)
14 10
20 20
10 27
16 37
69.6
7.8
6
4 34
2 30
8 29
(10 21)
(16 2C)
75.8
8.6
sg.*"-
29.8
w.
2.0
+ 3.5
; 9- 5
(17 00)
14 34
20 40
10 00
16 06
66.9
8-3
7
5 26
2 35
837
( 9 35)
(15 37)
70.8
12.7
40.4
29.8
SE.
8.1
+ 8.4
59.1
(17 SI)
15 30
21 31
10 04
16 05
64.3
19.2
8
6 17
3 47
10 19
(956)
(16 28)
66.0
16.8
40.7
29.7
S.
7.8
+ 12.8
58.6
(«8 43)
16 35
22 37
10 18
' 16 20
62.7
17.8
9
7 09
4 40
II 03
(9 57)
(16 20)
62.6
19.0
40.2
29.8
S.
3.0
+ 16.5
58.0
(19 36)
17 II
23 18
10 02
16 09
60.8
19-3
10
8 03
5 45
(1009)
10 36
60.8
40.9
29.9
SE.
4.1
+ 19.2
57.5
(20 30)
18 39
12 40
"(I'loX)
59-8
"20. i"
II
,*57^
7 j6
0 45
(10 46)
16 42
55.6
27.3
40. 1
30.0
S.
2.0
+20.8
56.9
(21 24)
20 00
13 45
II 0^
(17 IS)
60. 1
19. 1
12
, 9 51
8 44
2 29
(II 2b)
17 32
57-6
21.9
29.9
30.0
w.
1.2
-f 21. 2
56. 5
(22 17)
20 s8
14 45
II 07
(17 21)
65.9
15-6
«3
10 43^
9 30
3 18
(II 13)
17 27
63.2
21-5
43.0
29. 6
SE.
4.2
+ 20. 6
56.0
(23 09)
22 00
IS 35
II 17
(17 18)
73-9
15.8
14
II 34
10 22
4 23
(11 13)
17 40
67.4
21.8
44- S
29.5
S.
I. 2
+ 18.9
55-5
(23 59)
22 S7
16 35
II 23
-(17 26)
77.1
13.9
iq
10 S7
4 50
(10 58)
10 57
17 16
70.8
17.6
45. I
29.5
SE.
7.1
+ 16.3
55. 1
J
'"ii'23'"
23 20
17 06
(17 07)
79-7
■ / *
14.6
16
( 046)
13 09
( I 31)
II 45
5 43
17 58
(10 59)
17 20
(17 12)
17 10
72.5
13.6
16.8
45.8
29.5
SE.
5.6
+ 13- 1
54.7
17
"o"is'
6 19
II 06
"lai""
15-6
45-4
29.7
S.
3-9
+ 9.4
54.4
13 S3
12 20
18 22
(10 49)
(16 SI)
72.3
12.8
18
(2 15)
0 30
^31
10 37^
16 38
76.8
14.8
45.4
29.5
E.
2.9
+ 5-3
54-2
14 36
12 35
18 48
(10 20)
(>6 33)
73-7
17.3
'9
( 257)
0 46
7 06
10 10
16 30
77.8
17.6
46.8
29. 5
W.
0-5
+ i.i
54'
IS 17
13 15
19 20
(10 18)
(>6 23)
772
20.3
20
(338)
I 28
7 20
10 II
16 03
75.8
19.9
45.9
29.6
SW.
1-7
- 3-2
54.1
IS 59^
13 32
19 44
(9 54)
(16 06)
70.6
21.2
21
( 4 20)
I 54
8 08
, 9 55^
16 09
68.8
9.8
42.4
29.7
•SW.
1.8
— 7-3
54.3
16 41
14 10
20 20
( 9 50)
(16 00)
65.6
25.3
22
( S03)
2 23
8 40
9 42
15 59
67.0
22.8
45.5
29.7
sw.
1.4
— II. 2
54.7
17 24
IS 00
21 13
(9 57)
(16 10)
64.8
30.4
23
( 5 47)
3 20
9 38
9 56
16 14
62.4
25.8
44-7
29.8
SW.
2.0
-14.7
55-3
18 10
15 55
22 13
(10 08)
(16 26)
59. 0
34.3
24
(634)
4 30
10 40
10 20
16 30
56.8
26.9
45-7
29,7
sw.
1.9
-17.7
55-9
18 59
16 48
23 17
(lo 14)
('6 43)
58.8
40.1
25
( 7 25)
19 51
(8 18)
5 33
18 20
II 4S
10 34
(10 55)
11 00
16 46
60. 2
61.8
32.8
48.4
29.6
SW.
1.4
—19.8
56.7
26
651
0 37
"07"i2)'
59.3
39-0
48.1
29.6
S.
4.4
— 21. 0
57.6
20 46
19 21
13 0'\
(II 03)
17 13^
63.6
30.8
27
( 9 IS)
8 10
I 24
II 24
(17 06)
64.3
37.9
49.8
29.4
s.
4.5
.^21.0
58.6
21 43
20 OS
13 Sc
(10 so)
17 04
71.8
27.8
662 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table V. — Observed times and heights of high and low water, computed lunitidal intervals^ etc. — Continued.
fi
i'.if
Time of—
Lunitidal inteival
of—
Height of—
Wind.
Moon's—
Moon's
upper and
lower
transit.
Deduced
Atmos-
Date.
half-tide
pheric
Velocity
High
Low
High
Low
High
Low
level.
pressure
Direction.
in
Declina-
Parallax.
water..
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
*-* ■• ^WfclV'tt.
miles per
tion.
hour.
1882.
h. m.
h. m.
A. m.
h. m.
h. m.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
/
July 28
('o «3)
839
2 27
10 56
(17 12)
71.8
35-8
54-7
29. 2
SE.
16.6
-19.7
59-5
22 42
21 IS
14 58
(II 02)
«7 >5
80.3
37-3
29
(II II)
10 00
3 54
II 18
(•741)
80.8
27.9
SI- 5
29. s
SE.
2.8
-17. I
60.1
23 40
22 24
16 14
(" '3)
17 32
82.1
17.8
30
, , .
10 32
4 24
10 S2
('7 13)
83.8
15-8
47-9
29.8
SE.
I.O
—13-4
60.7
^12 oS)
22 48
16 40
(ID 40)
17 00
84.8
8.5
J-
, 0 37
II 10
5 03
JO 33
(16 54)
82.0
12.8
47.8
29. 6
W.
IS
-8.7
60. 9
('3 05)
2.: 35
17 22
(10 30)
1 «6 45
91.0
8.0
Aug. I
« 32
(•3 59)
2 26
II so
5 48
18 IC
10 18
(«6 43;
-6 38
('6 36)
83- 8
««-3
6-3
6.8
48. I
29.6
s.
4.4
-3-6
60.8
2
0 18
63s
(10 19)
92.0
46.9
29.7
SE.
8.7
+ 1.8
60. s
(M 53^
12 55
19 lu
10 2 J
16 44
84.8
5-8
3
J 20
« 17
7 35
(10 24)
(16 42)
»86.8
*7.2
45'
29.9
E.
2.8
+ 69
60.0
(«5 47)
13 40
19 45
10 20
16 2S
81.8
6.0
4
4 13
I S3
8 03
(10 06)
(l6 16)
81.6
7-3
43-4
29' >
NE.
I. 2
-I-11.6
59-3
(16 40)
14 28
20 45
10 IS
16 32
76.8
8.9
3
5 06
2 55
8 s8
(10 IS)
(16 18)
77-3
15.8
44-5
29.8
SE.
'•5
+ IS.S
S8.6
(•7 3i)
'5 07
21 05
10 01
»5 59
71.6
18. r>
6
5 59
3 17
9 32
( 9 44)
(•5 59)
,9.3
20.6
43- 0
30.0
SE.
8.3
+18.4
57-8
18 26)
'5 43
21 so
9 44
15 51
61.3
20.8
7
,^S3
4 00
ID IS
(9 34)
(>5 49)
66.8
22.3
42.1
30.0
S.
2.3
+20.3
57- 1
(19 20)
17 33
23 53
10 42
17 00
58.0
23- >
8
7 47
6 00
(10 40)
10 S3
t6o.8
46. I
29.7
SW.
1-4
+ 21. I
56. s
(20 14)
18 40
12 06
"{\1"aI)'
'"{I'.r
J J
9
8 40
7 20
I OS
(II 06)
17 18
60.8
37.8
48.9
29. s
SE.
8.0
+20.7
55-9
(21 06)
20 04
'3 35
II 24
(17 21)
68.9
32.6
10
, 9 3;
8 40
2 2S
(" 34)
17 45
62.4
32- 3
47-9
29.7
S.
1.4
+ 19-3
55-4
(21 56.
21 15
14 55
II 44
(17 49)
72.8
26.4
II
10 20
9 35
3 24
(" 39)
17 53
60.9
27.8
47-3
29.7
S.
I-/
+ 17.0
54-9
(22 43)
22 12
IS 40
II S2
(17 44)
78.9
23.6
12
II 06
«o 35
4 23
(II 52)
18 03
71. I
23.6
48.3
29.8
SE.
41
4-14.0
54.6
(23 29)
22 S3
16 40
II 47
(»7 57)
t79-3
19.4
»3
" 5«
II 20
23 23
5 10
17 2S
5 30
("« 51)
II 32
(" >5)
18 04
(17 56)
«7 39
73.8
82. S
21.8
18.3
18.8
48.7
29.8
SE.
10.6
+ 10. s
54-3
14
"(Vi'j)'
II 28
77.1
48.7
29.9
SE.
8.4
+ 6.5
54- 1
»2 34
23 50
17 45
II 16
(17 32)
86.3
'5-3
15
( 05s)
13 15
6 00
17 26
(17 18)
14. 6
16.6
48.7
29.9
N.
1.8
+ 2.4
;4. 0
12 03
18 13
"(m'^)"'
77.0
j^'
16
( « 36)
0 IS
6 18
II 00
17 03
86.9
16.3
49-3
29.8
SW.
1.2
- 19
53-9
. 13 57
12 30
18 so
(10 54)
(«7 14)
78.8
17.8
17
( 2 18)
I 03
7 15
11.06
17 18
80.8
»i6.8
48.3
29.9
s.
1.6
- 6.0
S4. 1
14 38
13 -'5
19 20
(u 07)
(17 02)
74.8
20.8
18
K ' 5y)
. IS
7 22
10 40
16 44
82.2
1S.8
47.2
29.9
SE.
0.6
- 9.9
54-3
15 21
•J 25
'9 23
(lo 26)
(16 24)
73-3
*20. 0
'9
( 3 43)
J 30
7 35
10 09
16 14
*730
*I9. 0
47-9
29.6
SE
9-7
-I3'5
54-7
16 05
'3 43
20 00
(10 00)
(16 17)
*83.o
12.0
20
( 4 28)
2 08
823
10 03
16 18
77-3
27.8
SO. 3
19.6
SE.
<o. 6
-i6.6
55' 2
1
16 52
14 <:
21 02
(10 17)
(16 34)
74.8
•?8.6
21
( 5 16)
3 06
9 10
10 14
16 18
69.9
3'3
St.-. 9
29.7
SE.
1-3
—18.9
55-8
17 41
15 21
21 30
('0 OS)
(16 14;
70.8
32.8
22
( 6 07)
3 40
9 40
9 59
15 59
67.8
35-6
5' 7
29 7
SW.
I. 2
-20.5
56.6
'8 34
16 03
22 07
( 9 56)
(16 00)
65.0
43-7
23
( 7 01;
4 18
ID 30
9 44
15 56
61.4
36.8
49-9
29.8
.. S.
30
~2C 9
57- S
19 28
16 37
22 49
(936)
(1548)
59- 0
38.6
•
1
24
( 7 56)
20 25
5 ^l
17 s6
I J 4-«
10 04
( io 00)
jo 20
16 14
64-3
SO. 8
61.3
36.0
49.8
29.9
SE.
30
—20.2
58.5
25
(8 53)
6 45
03s"
"(i6"39)
40.8
48.3
30.0
SE.
2.6
-18.2
.■:9-4
, 1
21 22
19 so
'3 30
(J-' 57)
17 OS
*64 8
30.8
z6
( 9 50)
8 32
2 03
u 10
(17 10)
*r.l. ?,
».,i.8
4'. 6
JJ.o
E.
0.4
-15.1
60.3
22 19
20 s8
14 47
(II 08)
•7 25
*^2. ?.
20.8
27
(lo 48)
9 26
3 15
II 07
("7 2S)
*69.8
2C.8
46.0
30.0
SW.
p-3
—10.9
60.9
23 16
21 55
»s 40
(II 07)
17 21
«77.o
»I4. 8
28
(" 44)
10 20
4 05
II 04
(17 17)
*8o.8
23. 4
47-9
30.0
S.
0.9
— S-9
61.3
22 40
16 27
(10 56)
17 II
*84. 8
10. 0
toon
's —
na-
Parallax.
/
■7
59. 5
.1
6o. I
•4
60.7
7
60. 9
.6
60.8
8
60. s
9
60.0
,6
59-3
58.6
57- 8
57- «
56. S
55-9
55- 4
54-9
54.6
54-3
54. 1
54. o
53-9
54.1
54-3
54. 7
6
55.2
9
55-8
S
56.6
9
57- S
2
58.5
2
59.4
I
60.3
9
60.9
9
61.3
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION. 663
Table V. — Observai times and heights of high ami low water, computed lunitidal intervals, ^A.— Continued.
Moon's
upper and
ower
transit.
Time
of-
Lunitidal
of-
interval
Height of—
Wind.
Moon'
9 —
Deduced
Atmos-
Date.
lialftide
pheric
Velocity
HiKh
Low
High
Low
High
Low
level.
[iretsure.
Direction.
in
Declina-
*arallax.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
■'■■ ^^%i^^*i*
miles per
tion.
h. m.
Inches.
hour.
1882.
/i. m.
Ii. m.
h. m.
h. m.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
1
Aug. 29
0 12
«« >5
4 SO
II 03
(1706)
86.3
8.8
48.2
29.8
s.
41
- 0.5
61.4
(12 40)
23 20
«7 «S
(10 40)
17 03
91.8
8.9
30
1 07
(«3 35)
2 02
II 48
5 30
18 03
10 41
(i6 so)
16 56
(16 48)
88.8
6.8
7.6
5-8
49.1
29.9
SE.
1.6
+ 4.8
61. I
3>
0 10
623
"Oo '{{)'
94.2
50.2
29.7
SE.
2. 1
+ 9.8
60.5
(«4 30)
12 20
18 40
10 18
16 38
91.8
11.3
Sept. I
2 57
0 55
7 07
(<o 25)
(16 37)
91.4
10. 4
Sl-7
29. 6
W.
2.5
+ 14. 1
59.8
(IS 25)
13 08
19 17
10 II
16 20
89.8
15-8
2
3 52
I 30
7 45
(10 05)
(16 20)
90.8
16.8
53.1
29.6
sw.
I. I
+ 17.5
58.9
(16 20)
'3 50
20 05
958
16 13
85.6
23- 3
3
4 48
2 18
8 28
( 9 58)
(16 08)
83- 9
22.8
53.6
29.6
s.
1.3
+ 19-7
58.0
(17 15)
14 41
20 55
9 53
16 07
79.7
31.8
4
s 42
3 06
9 «7
( 9 50
(16 02)
79-8
24.0
54.1
29.6
y.v
0.4
+20.7
57-1
(1809)
15 30
21 50
9 48
16 08
78.2
42.3
5
6 36
4 05
10 20
(956)
(16 II)
67.8
28.6
52. I
29.7
E.
i-S
+ 20.6
56.3
(19 02)
16 25
22 43
9 49
16 07
66.8
45-3
•
6
7 28
4 55
II 10
(9 53)
(16 08)
65.8
31.8
S3- 9
29.6
N.
20.4
■fi9S
55-6
(19 53)
17 31
23 55
1003
1627
68.8
48.7
7
8 17
6 15
(10 22)
10 31
67.8
55. 3
29.7
NIC,
6-5
+ 175
55- 1
(20 41)
18 48
'12 27"
'(i6'34r
64.8
'*4o.'8"
8
9 04
7 16
I 03
('o 35)
16 46
«7o.8
*44.8
S3. 9
29.9
S.
1.8
+ 14-7
54.6
(21 27)
19 50
13 28
10 46
(16 47)
68.8
33.8
9
, 9 49^
8 17
2 07
(10 50)
17 03
69.8
39-8
50.5
30.0
w.
1-7
+ 11. 3
54.3
(22 II)
20 52
«4 39
II 03
(17 12)
71.8
27-3
10
10 32
9 30
3 16
(II 19)
17 27
69.2
22.8
46. 1
30.2
NE.
0.6
+ 75
54-1
(22 53)
21 S3
15 43
II 21
(17 32)
73-8
19.8
II
II 14
10 48
4 20
(II ss)
1748
80.0
15.6
48.1
30.1
N.
o.S
+ 3-4
54- 0
(23 35)
23 15
16 58
12 01
(18 05)
78.6
19.8
12 II 56
II 30
2% SO
s 25
17 37
(II 55)
II 54
18 II
(18 02)
77.3
78.8
18^8
47-9
29.9
E.
1-3
— 0.7
53.9
13 To'i?)"
0 J
" 55
5 53
(II 38)
17 57
77.8
tiS.8
48.1
29.9
SE.
1. 1
— 4.9
54- 0
12 38
( 0 59)
18 07
(17 50)
17 42
18.3
15.7
'4
.........
6 20
II 37
"iV.i"
48.7
29.8
NE.
3-4
— 8.8
54.1
13 20
«2 33
18 40
(II 34)
(17 41)
80.0
17.8
«S
( • 42)
0 46
♦6 47
II 26
17 27
83.2
*8.8
42.5
29.8
NE.
2.8
—12.5
54.4
14 04
12 47
19 OS
(II 05)
(17 23)
*73-8
6.8
16
(226)
I 02
7 00
10 58
1656
65.8
2.8
36.1
30.0
E.
1.2
-15.7
54.7
14 49
"3 OS
19 20
(10 39)
(16 54)
64. 3
10.8
«7
( 3 13)
I 20
7 22
10 31
1633
65.3
9.6
39-4
30.1
NE.
1-3
—18.2
55.2
15 37
13 35
19 25
(10 22)
(.6 12)
68.0
19.3
18
(402)
« 37
7 45
10 00
16 08
63.8
7.8
40.5
30.1
N.
5-6
—19.9
55.8
16 27
'3 45
20 05
( 9 43)
(16 03)
66.8
25.8
»9
(4 53)
2 18
8 20
9 SI
15 53
60.8
16.9
41.9
29.8
NE.
3.9
— 20.7
56.5
! «7 «9
14 33
20 44
( 9 40)
(15 SI)
63.4
26.1
20
( 546)
2 55
9 00
9 36
15 41
59.8
20.4
44.1
29.4
N.
2-7
-20.3
57-3
18 13
15 J3
21 20
( 9 27)
(IS 34)
68.0
26.8
21
{ 640)
3 30
10 00
9 '7
15 47
58.8
41.0
51.7
29. 3
N.
1.4
—18.9
58.2
19 o3
«6 35
22 47
(9SS)
(16 07)
67.0
46.6
22
( 7 36)
20 04
4 55
18 18
n 32
9 47
(10 42)
10 52
16 24
61.6
65.8
38.8
S1.6
29- 5
SW.
5-7
-16.3
59-1
23
(832)
6 56
""o'ss"
"(I7'22)'
62.9
32.3
49-3
29.5
SW.
II. I
— 12.6
60.0
20 59
19 19
*i3 10
(10 47)
17 06
70.6
31.8
24
( 9 27)
7 30
I 22
10 31
(16 50)
64.8
32.8
48. I
29- 5
NE.
4.7
— 8.1
60.7
21 54
20 15
13 40
(10 48)
16 41
74.4
26. 2
25
(10 22)
845
2 29
10 51
(17 02)
64.3
19.8
46.9
29.7
E.
6.1
- 3.0
61.2
22 49
21 25
15 12
(II 03)
17 18
88.8
175
26
(II 16)
9 50
3 39
If 01
(17 17)
84. S
16.7
52.7
29.5
NE.
1.2
+ 2.4
61.4
23 44
22 25
1 6 oS
(\i 09)
17 19
96.8
14.8
27
10 52
4 40
i\ 08
(17 24)
90.8
15.8
52.7
29.6
S.
4. 0
+ 7.6
61.3
(12 12)
23 25
17 >S
('I 13)
17 31
99.8
7-3
28
0 40
n 45
S 37
II 05
(17 25)
88.3
g.8
49.2
29.8
SE.
0.8
+ 12.3
60.8
29
(13 08)
« 37
18 06
63s
17 26
(17 27)
'«9l."8"
2.8
50
46.4
30.0
N.
0.7
+ 16. I
60.1
- 2
(II 14)
(1406)
18 48
II 06
17 II
85.6
8.8
66 1
THE LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXI'KDITION.
Table V. — Observed times aiiii heights of high and low water, computed lunitidal intervals, etc. — Coiitiuucil.
Si
I
'
Time
of-
Lunitidal interval
of—
Height of—
Wind.
Moon's
Moon's
up)erancl
ower
transit.
1
Deduced
Atmos-
1
1
Date.
1
half-tide
pheric
Velocity |
Ilirh
I.ow
High
Low
High
Low
level.
pressure.
Direction.
in
Dcclina
'arallax.
•
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
^J A • ^ «« %■«#■« I
miles per
hour.
tion.
1883.
h, m.
k. m.
h. m.
h. m.
A. m.
Incha.
Inchet.
Inches.
Inchts.
0
1
Sept. 30
^ 2 35
I 02
7 16
(10 56)
(17 10)
82.8
1-3
45-9
29.7
NE.
32
+ 18.8
59.2
(«5 04)
•3 30
«9 23
10 SS
16 48
84.3
18.2
Oct. I
3 32
•i 40
7 43
(10 36)
(16 39)
•78.8
14.8
49' 5
29.8
NK.
9-5
+20.3
58.2
(16 00)
'3 50
20 10
10 18
16 38
83.3
23.8
3
4 28
2 30
8 45
(10 30)
(16 45)
75.8
16.5
49-9
297
NE.
8.7
+ 20.6
57-2
(•6 SS)
»4 58
21 13
10 30
16 45
76.8
34. 3
[
3
, 5 ^^^
3 23
9 35
(jo 28)
(16 40)
70.8
24.8
SI. 4
29.6
NE.
132 1
+ I9'7
56.4
17 48
"5 49
21 55
10 27
16 3i
73- I
36.8
1
1
4
^'3
4 20
10 28
(10 32)
(16 40)
66.8
41.8
53- 0
29.6
N.
6.4
+ 17.9 1
35.6
(•8 37)
16 SO
23 20
10 37
17 07
67.1
39.8
1
S
7 01
5 23
II 27
(10 46)
(16 50)
59- 1
40.8
50.4
29.8
NE.
I.I
+15-3 ;
550
(19 24)
17 44
23 55
10 43
16 54
63.1
36.8
6
7 47
6 20
(■0 56)
II 00
58.8
52.0
29.8
E.
I. 2
4-12. 0
54.5
(20 09)
1847
12 27
(17 03)
67.0
""43'8"'
7
831
7 40
I 05
(II 30
17 18
61.0
40.8
SI. I
29.9
E.
0.6
+ 8.4
54. a
(20 52)
20 23
•3 58
II 52
(17 49)
70.4
32.3
8
9 «3
8 38
2 28
(II 46)
17 57
67.1
38.4
49.9
29.9
E.
2.0
+ 4-4
54.0
(2« 34)
20 58
14 47
II 45
(17 55)
70.8
27. 6
9
9 55
9 45
3 16
(12 11)
18 0{
72.8
23.8
48.6
29.6
E.
2.9
+ 0.3
54- 0
(22 16)
22 20
16 00
12 25
(18 26)
73-8
24.8
10
10 36
II 03
4 47
(12 47)
18 52
t75-3
22.6
48.1
29. 5
NE.
0.7
- 3-9
54.0
(22 57)
23 25
17 20
12 49
(19 04)
t74.5
20.8
II
II 19
(23 40)
II 42
538
17 50
(12 45)
19 02
(18 S3)
19 23
74.2
19.8
20.8
47.8
29.6
NE.
1.8
- 7-9
54-2
12
0 20
6 42
13 01
77.1
23.8
47-8
29.6
NE.
2.0
-U.6
54-4
12 02
12 39
1845
(12 59)
(19 OS)
70.7
22.8
13
( 0 24)
0 so
7 03
12 48
19 01
68.3
27.2
4.';. 9
29.6
NE.
1. 1
-14.9
54-7
12 47
12 00
18 00
(II 36)
(•7 36)
79.0
19- 3
14
( ' >')
0 18
6 20
II 31
17 33
76.6
12.8
46.7
29.7
N.
4.3
-I7-5
55.1
•3 35
II so
18 13
(10 39)
(17 02)
81.8
13 I
»s
( 2 00)
0 12
6 17
10 37
16 42
77-5
>35
47.2
29.7
NE.
2.6
—19.4
55- 5
14 24
12 22
18 27
(10 22)
(16 27)
81.2
18.9
16
( 2 so)
0 40
6 50
10 16
16 26
76.5
IS- 5
46.0
30.0
NE.
1.6
— 20. 4
56.0
IS i6
•3 '5
19 25
(10 25)
(16 35)
750
19.0
17
( 3 42)
I 35
7 53
10 19
16 37
69.7
13- 5
43- I
30. 1
E.
0.6
—20.4
56.6
16 08
14 10
20 oq
(10 28)
(16 27)
67.5
22.5
18
( 4 35)
2 20
823
10 12
16 15
66.8
19. 3
43-6
30.0
E.
o.s
—19.2
57-3
17 02
14 25
20 35
( 9 50)
(16 00)
67.0
26. I
>9
( 5 28)
2 50
9 08
948
16 06
57. 0
21.3
40.3
30.2
NE.
0.9
-17.0
58.0
17 55
15 16
21 32
(948)
(16 04)
58.7
25-3
20
( 6 22)
3 40
9 55
9 45
16 00
49-5
25.0
39- 6
30.1
N\V.
0.2
-13-8
58.7
18 48
16 10
23 25
( 948)
(17 03)
55- 0
26.0
21
( 7 14)
19 41
5 25
18 12
II 25
10 37
(10 58)
11 14
1637
56.5
60.7
61.0
27- 3
42.6
29.9
E.
1.8
— 9-7
59-5
22
( 807)
655
-------
"{n'lg}'
"26."]"
41.9
29.8
N\V.
1.2
— 5.0
60. I
20 34
19 26
1328
(II 19)
17 47
56.5
24.7
23
{ 9 01)
7 53
I 30
II 19
(17 23)
62. 5
18. 5
39-5
30.1
S.
0.4
+ 0.1
60.6
21 28
20 20
14 12
(II 19)
17 38
67.0
iS-5
24
( 9 55)
853
2 35
U 25
(17 34)
68.5
10. 0
38.7
30.2
E.
0.4
+ 5-3
60.9
22 22
21 20
"5 13
(II 25)
17 45
71.0
10. 0
2S
(•o 50)
9 49
336
II 27
(17 41)
67. 5
— 0. 2
36.6
30.2
E.
0.2
-f 10. 2
60.9
23 >9
22 20
'5 55
(11 30)
17 33
70.5
6.5
26
(" 47)
II 00
23 20
4 26
17 25
II 41
(II 33)
II 12
(17 36)
18 06
87.7
70. 2
-3-4
— 7.9
36.3
30.3
E.
0. I
+ 14.4
60.6
27
0 16
II 28
5 20
(17 33)
78.0
-8.3
35-3
30.3
E.
0.9
+ 17-7
60.0
('2 45)
23 43
17 30
(10 58)
17 14
73-2
- 1-5
«
28
I IS
5 50
(•7 OS)
16 57
- 5.6
37. 3
30, 2
NE.
0. ri
+ 19.7
59.3
(13 44)
12 OS
18 12
10 50
"si.'s"
2-5
29
2 13
0 17
6 20
(10 33)
('6 36)
72.0
- 1-3
37- 0
30.1
NE.
0.8
+ 20.5
58.4
(14 42)
«2 35
1837
10 22
16 24
79.2
- 31
30
3 10
0 45
655
(10 03)
(16 13)
70.3
-3.8
37.9
30.0
E.
0. 1
+20.0
57-4
(•5 37)
>3 07
19 20
9 57
16 10
76.9
14-7
3'
4 04
I 25
7 35
(948)
(15 58)
64.8
12.4
40.8
30.0
0
0
+ 18.5
56.5
(16 30)
>3 SO
20 00
9 46
15 56
68.2
19.2.
TIIH LADY FllANKLIN HAY KXPKDITIOK.
005
Table V. — Obsencd times aiitl heights oj high and low waUr, (ompuled InniliiUtl iiilenah, etc. — Continucil
f
59. a
58. a
57. a
56.4
SS.6
55.0
54. S
54. a
54- o
54. o
54- o
54.2
54.4
54.7
55. 1
55-5
56.0
56.6
57-3
58.0
58.7
59-5
60. 1
60.6
60. 9
60.9
60.6
60.0
59-3
58.4
57-4
56. 5
J
Moon'i
Time
of-
I.uiiitidnl
ol-
interval
Height
(if—
l)e(lucC(l
Atmos-
Wind.
.Moon's —
Date.
upper and
lower
transit.
halllidu
pheric
Velocity
High
I.ow
Iligh
Low
High
Low
levcL
,ire»«ure.
Direction,
in
Dcclina-
'arallax.
water.
water.
water.
w.itcr.
water.
water.
miles per
tiun.
/(. III.
/;. III.
Inches.
fiic/us.
1
hour.
e
/
1882.
h. in.
//. III.
//. III.
Indus.
Inches.
Nov. I
4 55
2 08
S 10
( 938)
("5 40)
60.0
19.7
41.7
29.8
K.
0.8
-f l6.o
55-7
('7 19)
14 20
20 45
9 25
15 50
64.0
25.1
2
5 42
2 S3
9 03
( 9 34)
("5 44)
57-2
24.2
42.9
29.7
K.
03
+ 12.9
55. I
(18 05)
>s 30
21 55
948
16 13
(>l, 1
30.2
3
6 27
4 12
10 25
(10 07)
(16 20)
54-9
34.1
44-7
29.7
S.
0. 2
-t 9.4
54.6
(18 49)
.655
23 23
10 28
I6 56
59.8
30.5
4
7 «o
(•9 3')
6 00
(II II)
II 08
53.7
57- 0
43.7
29.9
S.
0. «
-1 5.5
54.3
18 18
12 12
(17 23)'
33- 3
5
7 52
7 05
0 35
(II 34)
17 25
55-5
JU.2
43-2
29.9
K.
l.o
+ 1.4
54. 1
(20 «3)
•9 55
•3 23
12 03
(■7 52)
59-4
30.5
6
834
843
2 30
(12 30)
18 38
58.0
23. 2
42.3
30.0
NK.
I. I
•^.7
54.1
(20 55)
21 25
■5 '7
12 51
(19 04)
61.8
26.7
7
9 16
9 33
3 30
(12 38)
18 56
64. 2
20.5
42.3
30.1
NK.
2-5
6. S
54.2
(21 37)
21 40
>5 38
12 24
(18 43)
63.7
22.7
8
9 59
9 45
3 42
(12 08)
18 26
68. 3
15.2
40. 2
30.1
E.
3.2
— 10.6
54. 5
(22 21)
21 57
•5 5°
II 58
(18 13)
62.7
17.0
9
10 44
10 10
4 00
(II 49)
18 01
67-5
6.7
36.8
30-4
i:.
0. S
— 14.0
54.8
(23 07)
22 25
16 17
II 41
(17 56)
62.2
10. I
10
" 3«
10 47
4 35
(II 40)
17 51
72.7
3.7
38.1
30.2
K.
0.4
16.9
55.2
(23 55)
23 00
16 55
II 29
(17 48)
66.9
97
II
II 10
5 03
(II 15)
17 32
76.7
5-2
41.9
29.9
SE.
0. 2
— 19. 0
55.6
12 20
23 25
17 20
II 05
(17 25)
72.7
13-5
12
( 046)
II 37
5 32
(10 51)
17 12
82.4
9. I
46.1
29. 5
SE.
0. 2
--20. 2
56.1
13 12
23 45
17 40
10 33
(16 54)
75.8
16.6
'3
( I 38)
14 05
5 50
18 15
16 38
13. 7
49.6
29. 3
E.
I. 3
20. 4
56.6
12 30
(10 52)
(16 37)
'"86.'i'"
23.2
^
14
( 2 3")
0 28
6 40
10 23
16 35
76.3
15.9
50. 6
29.3
SE.
0,9
-IQ. 5
57-1
1458
«2 55
19 10
(10 24)
(16 39)
84.4
25.4
'5
( 3 25)
' >5
7 23
10 17
16 25
76.7
24. 1
51.8
29-3
SE.
2.4
-17-5
57.6
IS 22
'3 40
19 48
(10 IS)
(16 23)
84. I
25-7
16
(4 18)
I 55
758
10 33
l6 36
69.0
21. 2
46.6
29.6
N.
4.6
14.6
5«.i
16 4^
14 10
20 23
( 9 52)
(•6 05)
72.3
23. 7
»7
( 5 10)
2 45
852
10 01
16 08
63.1
22.4
44-7
29.7
E.
I.O
--10. 8
58.6
>7 36
15 20
21 35
(10 10)
(16 25)
69.5
25.9
18
(602)
3 52
10 20
10 16
16 44
57-4
26.7
43-6
29.8
0
0
-6.3
59. I
18 27
16 30
22 57
(10 28)
(16 55)
64. 2
25.1
'9
(653)
5 30
II 52
II 03
17 25
57.2
28.6
43.3
29.9
E.
0. 2
— 1.5
59.5
20
19 18
( 7 44)
18 15
6 50
(u 22)
11 32
62.7
58. 7
-----
42.2
30.0
E.
0.8
-1- 3-5
59.8
0 32
(17 39)
20 10
19 20
13 12
(II 36)
17 54
63-5
25.7
21
(837)
7 40
I 28
II 30
(17 44)
62.1
15.9
38.8
30.2
E,
0.5
•1- 8-4
60.0
21 04
20 09
13 5°
(II 32)
17 40
62. 2
17-5
22
(931)
845
2 18
II 41
(17 41)
63.7
5-3
34 S
30.3
E.
0. 1
+ 12.8
60. 0 1
21 59
21 18
15 OS
(II 47)
18 01
60.0
8.5
23
(10 28)
9 40
328
It 41
(•7 57)
68.8
— 0. 1
33.6
30.4
0
0
-i-16.4
59.8
22 57
21 58
15 SO
(II 30)
17 51
63.2
3-9
1
24
(II 26)
10 22
4 10
II 25
(17 42)
73-9
- ii
35-5
30.3
0
0
+ 19.0
59-4
23 55
22 40
16 35
(II 14)
17 38
68.7
3-5
25
10 55
4 47
II 00
(17 21)
17 05
80.2
— 1.2
t7. 3
30. 3
S.
0. 2
+20.3
58.8
(12 24)
23 10
17 00
(10 46)
08. 5
2.7
26
0 53
II 30
5 17
10 37
(16 53)
77.7
- 3-5
37.1
30.5
SE.
0. 2
+20.4
58.1
(13 22)
23 47
17 40
(10 25)
16 47
68.7
3.7
27
I 50
(h 17)
S 55
18 22
(16 33)
16 32
I. 2
Vi. Q
w. 2
SE.
o-S
+ 19. 2
57.3
12 10
10 20
79.2
9-4
j^' y
0
28
'■ 43
0 30
6 43
(10 13)
(16 26)
70.7
7.2
41.4
30.2
]•:.
0. I
+ 17.1
56.5
(15 08)
1258
19 13
10 15
16 30
78.2
II. 7
29
3 33
I 25
7 37
(10 17)
(16 29)
65.3
10.4
40.6
30.2
E.
0. 2
+ 14.2
55.8
('S 57)
'3 53
20 10
10 20
16 37
71. I
16.5
j
30
4 21
2 25
8 42
(to 28)
(i6 45)
61.4
19.7
41.9
30.0
E.
0-3
-T 10. 7
55- 2
(•6 43)
14 55
21 08
10 34
16 47
67.5
20. 2
Dec. I
5 05
3 15
9 22
(10 32)
(16 39)
58. 7
24.0
41.2
30.0
E.
0. 2
+ 6.8
54.7
('7 27)
IS 25
21 28
to 20
16 23
58. 5
24-3
2
5 48
3 38
9 5°
(10 M)
(16 23)
55-7
29.2
42.2
30.0
0
0
■^ 2.7
54-3
(1809)
16 05
22 27
10 17
16 39
59-7
25.5
i
j
f!
666 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPKDITION.
Tablk V. — Ol'stniii times ami hnghts of hi);h ami liii' ivaier, tom/ititii iioii/iiiai ifi/enais, fit; — Continued.
' V
Dale. "i;!'"""''
lower
1S82.
Dec. 3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
II
12
»3
14
>S
16
>7
18
»9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3"
1883.
Jan. I
Moon's
ip|ieran(
lower
transit.
A. m.
6 30
(18 51)
7 "
(19 33)
7 54
(20 16)
8 38
(21 01)
9 24
(21 4«)
10 12
(22 48)
11 04
(23 30)
" 57
C o 24)
12 52
( I 19)
• 3 47
( 2 14)
14 40
( 3 07)
15 3?
( 3 59)
16 25
( 4 50)
17 '5
( 5 40)
18 06
(632)
18 58
( 7 24)
19 51
(8 18)
20 45
( 9 13)
21 41
(10 10)
22 39
(II 07)
23 35
(12 03)
0 30
(12 56)
1 22
('3 47)
2 12
(14 35)
258
('5 20)
3 42
(16 03)
4 24
(16 45)
5 06
('7 27)
5 48
(1809)
6 3«
(18 53)
Time of—
IliKi,
water.
//. 1)1.
4 48
17 Ji
6 o{
1 8 35
7 22
20 08
8 54
21 34
9 40
31 46
10 07
22 15
10 IS
22 20
10 30
22 53
11 25
23 47
12 15
o 18
12 30
o 53
*I3 22
' 43
14 00
2 20
14 40
3 08
"5 43
4 10
16 35
5 30
18 20
653
19 25
8 00
20 28
9 00
21 35
10 02
22 05
10 38
22 55
" 15
23 45
12 20
0 48
12 58
1 17
"3 25
> 45
'4 03
2 22
14 38
2 55
'5 15
3 50
16 05
4 40
16 58
Low
water.
II 05
23 40
12 20
058
'3 47
2 42
15 27
3 38
"5 45
4 00
16 10
4 17
16 20
4 23
16 43
5
'7
5
18
6
07
35
55
12
25
18 40
7 08
«9 35
7 50
20 07
20 50
9 22
21 55
10 22
23 02
12 00
038
13 12
1 40
14 20
2 38
15 18
3 50
16 10
4 «5
16 45
5 08
17 30
6 07
18 38
655
'9 05
7 15
19 40
7 53
20 12
8 32
20 50
8 55
21 28
9 58
22 25
10 45
23 12
Lunilldttl inter\al
of
High I Low |li(Th
water. water. water. I water,
/;. III.
'O 39)
«o 53
11 12)
II 24
II 49)
14
"2 38)
12 S(>
"2 39)
12 22
12 19)
12 03
II 30)
II 16
II 00)
10 $(>
11 01)
10 S5
10 46)
10 31
10 16)
10 13
•o 15)
10 10
10 01)
9 55
9 50)
9 53
10 03)
10 04
10 03)
10 32
10 s6)
11 02
II 07)
15
«5)
•9
25)
23
10 s8)
11 03
10 S2)
10 45
10 49)
10 58
11 01)
10 46
JO 37)
10 27
10 25)
ID 21
10 19)
10 14
10 10)
10 09
10 23)
10 17
10 31)
10 27
A. III.
16 56)
17 K)
17 29)
•7 47
IS 14)
15 48
19 II)
19 00
18 44)
18 V'
18 22)
18 05
«7 32)
17 '9
17 '3)
17 10
17 II)
"7 03
16 53)
16 3S
16 26)
16 28
16 28)
16 17
16 08)
16 08
16 CO)
16 07
16 15)
16 16
16 30)
17 02
17 «4)
'7 3'
17 22)
«7 35
•7 25)
«7 37
17 40)
>7 3'
17 08)
17 10
17 05)
17 00
17 II)
17 16
17 08)
16 ii
16 40)
16 42
16 33)
16 30
16 29)
16 26
16 10)
1 6 22
'6 31)
16 37
i6 36)
16 41
Inthes.
S3
55
49
54
S3
56
59. 9
49- a
54-2
61.7
69. s
62
71.3
66, s
73. 9
65.6
76.4
66.7
75.6
64. I
74.5
06.0
73. 7
63.7
71.9
58.1
63.6
56.0
65.7
61.3
67.5
61. 2
65-5
63-7
61. 3
64.5
62.9
71.7
64. 1
73.
63.
77-
69.
83-
70.
79.0
»7.9
75-7
67.5
78.2
70.3
75-2
69- 5
72. 2
62. 2
62. 7
53-7
54.3
50.0
5>.2
It of
--
Deduced
Atmuii-
half-tide
pheric
Low
level.
preuiire.
water.
Inches.
iHihfs.
Inihis.
3"7
40.8
30.1
24.2
39.2
30- 3
30.2
20.3
40.7
30.0
29.3
28.7
43. 7
30.0
3«-2
26.2
41.2
30.0
27.7
19.7
42. 7
30. I
21.4
10.9
40.2
30-3
15.0
4.7
39.0
30-4
12.0
'•7
37-6
305
(). 2
-0.3
36.6
30.6
6.0
- 1.6
36.5
30. 5
79
5-7
38.6
30- 3
10. 5
6.9
37.7
30' 4
97
9.0
3S4
30- S
9.2
18.3
39.6
30.1
19.2
27.5
44.5
29.7
23- 7
44. 7
29.7
28.7
21.7
42.9
29.9
25.9
14.2
40.3
30.2
19.7
II. 4
40.5
30.1
16.7
5-5
37.8
30- 3
8.2
2.2
39-4
30.1
95
5.0
42.0
30. 0
10.3
5-2
40. 1
30.2
6.2
6.0
39.6
30. £
9-3
10.2
43-2
30.0
18.7
17.0
45.6
29.9
19. I
24.7
46.0
29.9
20. 9
23- 3
41.6
30.2
19.4
25.2
38.1
30-4
19.1
28.9
37. 1
30.1
19.7
Wind.
Velocity
in
mileiper
hour.
Direction.
K.
0. 3
v..
0. 1
v..
0.3
v..
0.9
si:.
0-3
s.
0. 2
K.
0.3
NK.
0.5
NE.
0.7
NE.
0.2
NR.
0-3
E.
0.2
NE.
0.2
E.
0.2
E.
0. I
E.
0.2
E.
0. 3
NE.
0. I
NE.
0. 2
SE.
0.2
E.
0. I
N.
0-3
S.
>S
E.
13
E.
0-3
E.
0.3
SE.
2. 1
NE.
4.8
NE.
I.O
NE.
0. I
E.
0.6
^toon's
Declina-
tion.
— 1.4
— 5.5
— 9.4
-12.9
— 16.0
-18.4
— 20.0
-20.5
—19.9
— 18.2
—IS- 4
— II. 8
— 7-4
— 2.7
-f 2. 2
+ 7-»
+ ■■•5
+ «5-3
-f 18.2
+ '9-9
+20. 5
■f«9-9
+ 18. I
+ 15-S
+ 12. 2
+ 8.4
4- 4-3
+ O. 2
— 3-9
— 7-9
—II. 6
Parallax.
54. a
54-2
54. 4
54.8
55- a
SS-7
5<'.3
56.9
57-4
57-9
58.3
58.6
58.9
59-1
59.3
59.3
59-2
59.1
58.8
58. S
58.0
57-5
56.9
56.3
55-6
55- «
54.6
54-4
54.2
54. 3
54. S
rarallax.
f
54- a
54- a
54. 4
54.8
55- a
55- 7
56.3
56.9
57-4
57.9
58.3
58.6
58.9
59- «
59. a
59. a
59- a
59. I
58.8
58.5
58.0
57.5
56.9
56.2
55.6
55. '
54.6
54-4
54.2
54.3
54.5
• TIIK LADY FRANKLIN BAY KXPKDITION.
Table \ ,—Observeii timrs and htif^hls 0/ high and lotv water ^ iomJ>uli'd /iiiiilUal intfirah, f/t.^CuiUinued.
OB?
Moon's
Time of -
I.unitidnl interval 1
.>f - 1
llci^lit
of-
DeilucctI
Atmos-
Will.
1.
Moon'i
I—
1
Dftte.
ii|> >er anil
1
hair-tiile
pheric
Velocii;
owcr
transit.
Iliith
Low
HiKh
I.0W 1
Ililih
I^w
level.
irensure.
Direction.
in
Declina-
'arallax.
wuter, '
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
1
miles per
tion.
A. m.
h. m.
1
filcfits.
iHthlS.
hour.
e
1883.
//. m.
h. m.
M. HI.
iHchti.
iHches,
/
J«n. ^
7 If.
18 07
II 45
('o 37)
(16 52)
46.7
36.7
35-7
30.3
K.
0.7
14.8
54.9
(«9 39)
803
10 51
(10 56)
47- 5
4
635
"o'lY
17 07
52.3
"io.'i"
40.7
39.9
E.
0.3
-17. s
SS-4
(20 27)
19 40
13 10
II 37
«7 3")
56.7
33$
5
852
837
3 05
(13 10)
18 02
67.4
26.7
47.3
29.6
E.
0.8
—19.4
56.1
(21 18)
21 07
IS 00
12 15
(18 33)
62.7
34.3
1
1
fi
9 45
9 35
3 25
(13 17)
18 hi
71.2
25.1
47.6
39.6
hK.
0.4
-20.4
56.8
(23 12)
21 55
IS 55
13 10
(18 37)
66. 9
27- 3
7
10 39
10 05
4 00
(II S3)
18 15
80.3
^l''
50.5
29.5
K.
o.s
-ao.3
$7-5
(23 07)
22 20
16 12
II 41
(1800)
74- 5
28.3
8
•I 35
10 50
23 10
4 30
17 05
(II 43)
II 35
(II IS)
17 51
(17 58)
17 38
84.2
74.9
18.7
22. u
49.9
39.8
E.
0.4
—19.0
58.3
9
( 0 03)
II 18
S '3
88.0
15-3
48.8
30.1
E.
0.3
—16.6
58 8
la 31
23 40
17 30
II 09
(■7 27)
77.2
^V
10
(058)
13 26
( I 5a)
II 58
I 50
18 10
(11 00)
17 19
(17 12)
17 04
86.7
8.7
9.7
45- 5
30- 3
E.
03
-"31
59.3 ,
II
0 20
6 10
10 54
"76:;'"
2.2
42.9
30.3
E.
0.3
-8.9
59.$
14 19
13 42
18 so
(10 50)
(16 58)
84.4
6.5
12
( a 45)
0 58
70s
10 39
16 46
77.0
5-4
43. 9
30,0
v..
0. 1
- 4.1
59.7
15 12
13 15
19 22
(10 30)
(16 37)
86.2
8.3
13
( 338)
I 35
7 40
10 23
16 28
76.4
7.0
43' 4
29.9
E.
0. 2
+ 0.9
59-6
16 04
14 00
30 10
(10 22)
(16 32)
82.7
7-7
14
( 4 a9)
3 20
8 28
10 16
16 24
72.7
13- 3
44. 5
29.8
E,
0.3
+ 5-8
59.4
1655
14 40
20 50
(10 11)
(1621)
78.7
14.7
«S
(5 21)
3 00
9 08
10 05
16 13
73. 0
19.7
45.1
29.8
E,
0.2
+ 10.4
59-3
17 48 .
IS 18
21 30
(9 57)
(16 09)
74-3
iS-9
16
( 6 14)
3 50
10 05
10 02
16 17
64.7
22.3
41.3
30.0
0
0
+ 14-3
58.8
18 41
16 20
22 28
(1006)
(16 14)
63.7
17.0
«7
( 708)
4 45
II 00
10 04
16,9
56.9
25.9
39-7
30.0
S.
o.s
+ 17.4
58.4
19 36
17 12
23 25
(10 04)
(16 17)
57.2
19.4
18
( 804J
20 31
5 51
10 17
55.0
40. 7
29.9
s.
0. 3
+ 19.4
58.0
1855
"iVll'
(10 SO
16 49
59. 2
"27."7"
>9
(859)
7 45
1 20
II 14
(17 16)
60.9
21.2
43.4
29.8
E.
0.2
+20.4
57.6
21 26
20 38
14 15
(II 39)
17 44
63.3
28.4
20
( 9 54)
9 12
3 57
II 46
(17 58)
70.5
21.2
43-5
30.1
0
0
+20. 1
57.1
22 21
32 05
IS 40
(12 II)
18 14
62.4
21.5
21
(«o 47)
10 25
4 IS
12 04
(1821)
73.7
12.9
42.3
30.3
NE.
0.4
+ 18.8
56.6
23 >3
22 37
16 w
(II 50)
18 09
66.2
15-5
22
(II 38)
10 50
32 58
4 45
16 55
II 37
(II 20)
II 07
(•7 58)
17 42
81.7
73-5
14.5
15. 2
45-3
29.8
E.
0.4
+ 16.S
56.2
23
0 03
II 10
S03
(17 25)
84.1
II. 4
46.4
29.4
E.
0.5
+ 13-5
55-7
(12 27)
23 3i
17 20
(II oS)
.'^ 'Z
75-7
14.9
24
0 SI
(13 13)
18 25
(17 18)
II. 7
48.7
29.3
E.
0. 4
+ 9.9
55-3
13 07
"W'll"
17 34
""87."r'
17.3
25
I 36
035
6 45
(II 22)
(17 32)
81.2
16.9
51.6
29.2
NE.
0. 2
+ 5-9
54.8
(13 57)
12 50
1855
II 14
17 19
90.7
18.7
26
2 19
0 58
7 00
(u 01)
(17 03)
80.7
16.2
48.9
29.4
NE.
0.2
+ 1.8
54.4
(14 ->)
«3 07
19 12
10 48
16 53^
83-9
14.4
27
3 02
I 20
7 25
(10 40)
('6 45)
75-5
14.7
45-9
29.6
E.
1-5
— 2.4
54.3
(15 23)
13 35
19 41
10 33
16 39
78.1
15.9
28
3 44
I 55
8 00
(10 32)
(•6 37)
72.2
18.7
45.2
29.7
0
0
-6.4
54.1
(16 05)
14 07
20 15
10 23
16 31
74.8
16.7
29
4 26
a 25
8 30
(10 20)
(16 25)
67.0
22.0
43- 1
29.9
E.
I.O
—10. 1
54.2
(16 47)
14 35
20 42
10 09
16 16
67.7
17.9
30
5 09
2 48
853
(10 01)
(16 06)
60.3
23.7
40.9
30.2
•
0
-13.5
54-4
(17 32)
15 08
21 25
9 59
16 16
61.0
19-3
3'
5 55
3 40
9 45
(10 08)
(16 13)
56.0
28.4
40. 2
30.2
E.
0. 1
—16.4
54-9
(18 18)
15 53
32 00
9 58
16 05
55.4
21.3
Feb. I
642
4 10
10 20
(9 52)
(16 02)
54.0
31-4
40. 1
30.2
E.
0. 1
-18.S
55.4
('9 07)
16 40
32 58
958^
16 16
SO. 5
25.4
2
7 32
(19 58)
8 25
5 20
18 0;
II 55
(lo 13)
10 33
(16 48)
52.7
55.5
37- S
42.9
29.8
NE.
0.6
-19.9
56.1
3
655
0 30
(10 57)
'ia'si"
57.2
"'26."7'"
43.1
29.8
E.
0. 1
—20. 3
57.0
(20 52)
'9 45
13 27
II 20
(17 29)
SS.6
31.6
668
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY KXPEDITION.
^1
I
h
Taiile V. — Observed times <ini/ /iei);/ifs of hii;li <in,/ A'w wate'\ i\>mpiit,\i lunitiJdl iiilen-ah, etc. — ("ontinueil.
{
Moon'r.
'lime iif —
I.iiiiitiila
interval
lleii;lit cif—
Wind.
Moon'
s — -
Deduced
Atmos-
Date.
' .ipper antl
lower
transit.
half-tide
[iheric
Velocitv
lligl.
Low
lliuh
T.ow
Iliyh
low
level.
pressure.
I )ircctii)ii.
in
I )eclina-
rarallnx.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
miles per
hour.
tiiin.
/
1883.
';. m.
/;. m.
A. VI.
h. m.
Inclics.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
Feb. 4
9 '9
8 25
2 07
('« 3.5)
17 42
64.2
26.2
46.5
29.5
S.
0. 2
— '95
57-9
(21 47)
21 07
14 45
II 48
('7 Si)
65.^
32. 8
5
10 15
10 00
3 35
(>2 13)
iS 16
78.1
24.4
50. 6
29.5
c^
0. :
-17.6
58. 7
(22 4.i)
22 20
16 12
!2 05
(■8 25)
71.9
30.2
6
II II
'o 33
4 25
'" 50)
18 10
86. 2
21.2
53- I
29.4
K.
0. 2
— 14.6
59-5
(23 3S)
22 55
16 42
n 44
(■7 59)
81.3
27-3
7
u IS
23 32
5 08
>7 25
(" 37)
II 26
■•' 57
('7 47)
86. 5
77.7
19.2
12.7
49. I
29. 8
NK.
0.4
—10.7
60. 1
12 06
■J
( 034)
'3 01
II 45
5 37
■7 SO
6 07
(II 11)
17 31
(17 161
17 06
94.1
8.2
134
12. 1
50-7
29.4
L.
0. 2
- 6.0
60. 5
9
( I 2S)
0 00
10 59
90. 2
50- 5
29. {
K.
0.6
I.O
60.6
>3 55
12 IS
18 28
(>o 47)
(17 00)
96. 6
6.8
10
( 2 22^
0 55
7 20
II 00
17 25
82.9
5-9
46.3
25 5
K.
0.7
+ 4-1
60.4
14 48'
13 20
>9 25
(10 sS)
(17 03)
87.7
7-2
II
( 3 15)
I 30
7 33
10 42
16 45
82.4
9-4
47.0
20.5
0
0
f 8.9
60. 1
IS 42
13 35
19 45
(10 20)
(i6 30)
87.2
10. 2
12
( 4 10)
2 00
8 05
10 18
16 23
81. 1
12. 2
47- "
29. 5
K.
0. 2
+ iJ-«
59-5
16 37
14 12
20 20
(10 02)
(16 lu\
83.1
12.4
l.i
( 5 05)
2 25
8 30
9 4S
•5 53
77-9
21. I
4S.7
29.4
K.
0.6
-I-16.5
58.9
17 32
14 40
20 50
( 9 35)
(•5 45)
78.2
20.9
14
( 600)
3 05
9 25
9 33
•5 53
72.6
30.2
48. 3
29.4
K.
0.6
+ 18.8
58.3
iS 27
>5 -iS
2.? iO
( 9 45)
(16 10)
69. 9
24.2
>5
( (> 55)
4 38
II 05
10 II
16 38
62. S
32.2
44.'-
29.7
K.
0. 2
-|-20.0
57-6
19 22
17 30
23 50
('o 35)
('6 55)
58.8
26.0
If)
( 7 40)
20 16
6 05
18 30
,•0 43
(IO 41)
570
55- J
43- 0
29. s
K.
0. 2
+ 20. I
57.0
12 20
"i6"s8'"
32.3
17
( 8 43)
7 05
0 45
1049
fi6 56)
59.8
26.3
45-1
2.). 7
K.
0. 2
( 19. I
56.4
21 09
20 00
'3 35
(■I 17)
17 19
62.0
32.8
18
( 9 34)
S S3
2 30
II 44
(>7 47)
70.1
29.0
48.1
29. 2
K.
0.4
-1 17.1
55-9
21 59
21 20
15 10
(II 4<>)
18 01
67.0
29-3
i<)
UO 23)
9 47
3 30
II 4S
(■7 56)
76.3
22.8
48. 3
29. 0
0
0
+ J4-3
55-5
23 46
22 10
16 00
(•« 47)
18 Ol
73-3
22.3
20
fll 09)
10 40
4 25
>i 54
(18 02)
81.5
21-3
48.0
29.1
E.
0. 1
+ 10.9
55-'
23 32
23 OS
17 00
('I 5")
18 14
74.0
18.0
21
('I 54)
H «3
23 28
•I 33
5 10
17 20
5 30
II 41
(" 34)
II 17
(18 Ol)
17 48
(17 3<')
80.6
72. S
76.4
13.8
10. 9
8.0
44.2
29.4
K.
0. 2
+ 7-2
54-7
22
0 16
39- 5
29. 7
•SK.
0.7
+ 3-1
54.4
('2 37)
23 45
•738
(II oS)
17 22
69.8
4. 1
23
0 58
S 55
(17 18)
17 14
2-5
3-6
37-8
29.7
K.
0. 4
— 1.0
54.2
(13 20)
12 OS
18 12
II c/
73-3
24
I 41
0 20
6 ^0
{11 00)
(17 10)
73.4
5-3
38.2
30.0
NE.
0. 2
— 5-0
54-1
(14 02)
«2 35
18 38
10 54
16 57
74.6
I. 1
25
2 J3
0 40
6 45
('038)
('6 43)
68.1
2-3
35-7
30. I
NE.
0.3
— 8.8
54- 0
('4 45)
12 so
'8 55
10 27
16 32
<'7. 3
4-4
2(,
3 oti
0 58
7 05
('0 '3)
(16 20)
68.8
9-5
38.2
29.9
NE.
0.6
— 12.3
54.1
('5 28)
13 12
19 25
10 06
16 19
70.0
7.6
27
3 50
' 35
7 50
(10 07)
(16 22)
63.8
'31
38. 3
29.8
NE.
0.4
— >5-3
54-4
(■6 «•>)
14 00
20 07
10 10
|6 17
64.0
10.8
2S
4 3''
2 10
8 17
( 9 57)
(16 04)
66.0
21.8
43.'
29.5
E.
0. 2
— •7.7
54.8
(1700)
'4 25
20 45
9 49
16 09
66.3
23- «
Mar. I
5 24
3 00
9 05
(10 00)
(16 05)
64.2
26.8
43-8
30.0.
NE.
0. 2
— 1 9^3
55-3
(•7 49)
IS 10
21 30
9 46
16 06
60. s
24.5
2
6 14
3 45
9 55
( 9 5''>)
(16 of>)
60.0
3'.4
39- <J
29.9
NE.
0. 1
— 20.0
56.0
(iS 40)
16 00
22 10
9 46
IS sc>
49- '•
20.8
.!
7 06
4 25
10 45
( 9 45)
('6 05)
45- f>
-7.4
3f>.4
30.1
E.
0. 2
— 19.7
Sf>-9
(19 33)
17 07
23 30
10 01
.624
46.5
25.1
4
8 00
6 00
(IO 27)
10 55
50.5
44.2
35. 7
30. 2
0
0
-18.4
57.8
(20 27)
iS 55
12 25
('6'S2r
^28.1""
5
8 54
8 00
I 30
('I ii)
17 30
47.2
15.0
3»-S
30. 7
S.
0. 2
— >59
58.7
(21 21)
20 55
14 27
12 Ol
(18 00)
48.5
11.4
(')
9 49
9 55
3 25
(>2 34)
18 31
59.8
9.5
34-7
30.2
S.
"•3
-•2.5
59-7
(22 17)
22 10
16 05
12 21
:>8 44)
56.8
'4-5
7
10 44
10 20
4 17
('2 03)
18 28
68. 3
10.5
38. 5
30.0
.s.
0. 6
- 8.2
60.4
(23 ")
22 25
16 23
II 41
(18 06)
72.5
8.5
u
TUE LADY lltANKLIN 13AY EXPEDITION.
669
Table V. — Obsenhd times ami heights oj hi^h and low water, computed luniriJal intervals, etc, — Continued.
57- 9
SS.7
59- S
6o. I
6o.s
6o.6
60.4
60. I
59- S
58.9
58.3
57-6
57-0
S'''-4
55-9
55-5
55- 1
54-7
54-4
54-2
54. 1
54.0
54. I
54-4
54- S
SS-3
56.0
Sfi.9
57-8
58-7
59-7
60. 4
IJatc.
1883.
Mar. 8
9
10
•3
'4
'5
1 6
>7
iS
>9
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
3<
Apr. I
2
3
4
5
f)
7
8
Time of-
Moon's 1
iip|x:r and
lower
transit.
//. HI.
II 38
High
wafer.
( o
12
( '
13
( '
14
( 2
IS
'A
( 4
17
^i
( 6
«9
( 7
'9
(8
20
( 9
21
(9
22
(10
22
("
23
(12
of.)
34
02)
29
58)
26
55)
23
52)
20
49)
17
45)
12
39)
06
31)
56
20)
44
07)
30
52)
•4
36)
57
18)
39
00)
0 21
(«2 43)
1 04
(13 26)
1 47
(14 10)
2 33
('4 57)
3 20
(«5 44)
40 8
(■(• 34)
4 59
(•7 25)
5 50
(18 17)
6 43
(19 09)
7 35
(20 02)
8 28
(20 55)
9 22
(21 49)
10 16
(22 44)
11 II
(23 39)
12 07
( o 3^')
«3 05
/;. m,
:o 40
22 55
II 20
23 43
12 00
o 17
12 30
o 40
13 00
« »5
«3 40
' 55
14 10
2 45
15 IS
3 50
16 22
4 52
17 35
6 25
19 23
8 18
21 00
9 25
21 35
9 55
22 12
10 30
23 00
11 IS
23 23
II 3-
23 45
II SS
lx)w
water.
//. /«.
4 35
16 45
5 OS
17 30
5 55
18 05
6 25
18 35
o 48
19 05
7 30
19 48
8 00
20 25
9 10
21 27
10 12
22 40
11 13
o 10
12 20
0 38
13 00
1 OS
13 12
1 40
14 00
2 20
14 37
2 S3
15 20
4 12
16 55
5 48
18 48
7 45
ao 15
8 32
20 50
9 10
21 35
10 05
22 35
• 10 S3
23 OS
:i 25
23 40
0 cx)
12 55
1 SO
«4 45
3 15
15 30
3 42
16 05
4 20
16 45
5 10
17 20
5 27
17 35
5 50
18 02
6 15
18 2S
6 55
19 00
7 12
19 27
7 55
20 10
8 30
20 45
9 05
21 45
10 35
23 20
12 IS
1 17
14 05
2 25
14 40
2 55
15 22
3 45
16 20
4 4S
17 00
5 15
17 30
I.unitidnl interval
of—
llcighl of —
High
water.
(II 29)
II 17
(II 14)
II 09
(10 sS)
10 48
('o 32)
10 14
(10 OS)
9 52
( 9 48)
9 35
( 9 21)
9 28
( 9 30)
938
( 9 43)
9 46
(ID 04)
10 29
('I 03)
11 34
(■• 53)
II SS
(>i 43)
II 41
(II 36)
II 3i
(II 42)
II 3'J
(II 23)
II II
(II 02)
10 51
(10 44)
10 }}
(10 28)
10 27
(10 08)
9 52
(956)
9 52
( 9 46)
938
( 9 28)
9 30
( 9 55)
10 12
(lo 39)
11 13
(II 43)
II 47
(12 37)
II 28
(II 21)
II 19
(II 21)
II 24
(II 14)
10 58
(10 40)
10 3S
Low
water.
>liKh
water.
Low
water.
//. III.
1
IttihiS.
17 51
76.1
(17 34)
70.8
17 27
77.8
(17 24)
74.1
17 21
(17 03)
77-9
16 56
79-3
(iC 37)
85.5
16 22
76.7
(16 10)
79.6
16 07
82.2
(■5 Sf')
79.1
15 40
79-9
(IS 3")
75-3
IS S3
69- 5
(IS 42)
63.2
lO 00
57.3
(16 01)
55-6
16 07
S'>.o
_ _ , .
SI. 6
(10 29)
59.5
1 6 59
53-9
(17 30)
58. 9
18 01
59. I
(18 oS)
(>8. ? 1
18 00
<>3-7 i
(17 so)
68. 9
17 51
75-9
(17 44)
74.4 t
17 48
70-7
('7 52)
68.4 ,
17 41
68. 6 1
(>7 27)
74- I !
17 14
74-4 !
(■7 07)
68.6
'.6 50
(16 49)
70.1
16 58
67.7
(i(> 45)
69.2
16 27
67.1
(16 15)
6S.0
16 07
6z.i
(16 II)
62.8
16 02
57.6
(IS 50)
59-8
15 46
53-5
('5 40)
54.5
15 55
49.2
(i(. IS)
57.4
If) 37
53- I
58.7 i
(17 o(.)
52. 3
17 42
59-5
(18 03)
60.8
17 57
(.8. I
(17 45)
66. 3
17 i.\
72 0
("7 M)
7 I
17 29
;6. 3
(17 .30)
80. 1
17 M
80.0
(17 21)
81 I 1
1708
78. 5 !
(■6 54)
»4.i 1
Iiiilus.
6.3
2-3
- 3-f'
-13-7
- 12. I
-12.3
- 4-9
- 9.8
- 7-1
-2.8
5-3
8.7
19.9
18.4
22. 9
19.0
26.5
25.4
32. 9
29.9
26. 4
18.7
18.0
20. 4
15. 0
13- 5
It 4
1S.9
13- I
7.6
2. I
5-4
4.9
7-7
0.7
6.2
1-9
8.1
7-4
II. 7
8-3
15-8
12. 7
19
17
25
25
31
Dl'iIiicciI
half-tiilc
! level.
6
6
4
9
9
31.0
32. 3
25. 6
25-5
»4-3
22.3
18.5
II. 7
10.3
6.5
7-5
i-S
- 2. o
- 4- 3
fll,/l,S.
38.4
32.8
36-7
37-0
43.0
46.7
42.9
40.9
42.4
j 40.9
j 38.9
i 41. I
42.7
43- S
38-9
37-4
36.4
37-4
37- o
36. 8
37- o
38.6
42.9
43 o
42.4
44-4
42.7
42.5
41.0
39. 7
.Alnids-
pherio
pressure,
Wind.
Incites.
30.0
30.5
30.2
29.9
29. 9
29.6
29.5
29.8
30.1
29.9
i 29.9
30.0
30.0
29. S
20. 7
30.4
30.2
30-4
30.4
30.2
30.2
30.1
30.2
30.0
29.7
29. 6
29-5
29.4
29. 6
29.7
-'9. 9
30- o
iJirection.
S.
SK.
K.
S\V.
NK.
v..
S.
SK.
m;.
i;.
!■;.
NL.
K.
1;.
S,
SK.
NK.
i:.
SK.
SK.
SK.
SK.
K.
E.
NK.
NE.
1:.
NE.
NK.
K.
1:.
K.
Velocity
in
miles por
hour.
l6. 2
I. 2
o. 2
0. 1
0.9
1. I
0.6
2. 2
I. I
-.6
1.4
1-7
1. 2
0.7
0.5
51
2. '»
I. I
3-2
1-3
o-S
0.0
I. 2
0.9
0.7
l.o
i
I o. 9
; 1.5
1
15
Moon's-
Peclina-
tion.
-- 3-3
i- '-9
1- 6-9
• 'IS
i '5-3
-hiS. o
Parallax
419.2
( 17-4
! 14-9
+ II-7
-I- 8. I
I 4. I
■V o. I
II-3
14.4
16. 9
-IS. 7
— 19.7
-19.7
— 1 8, 8
16.8
-13.8
lo. o
— 5. 4
'- n.5
1.8 t -I 4.f>
1.4 I 9.5
I
61.0
61.2
61. 2
60. 8
60. 2
59-4
1I9<'' I 58.5
ti9.9 ; 57-7
S<''.9
56.2
55-5
55- o
54''>
54-3
54- I
3- 9 i 54- o
i
7.8 I S4.0
54.0
54. 1
54-4
54-8
55.3
55-9
56-6
57-5
58.5
S').4
60. 2
60. 9
61.,,
61.4
1.6
13. 7 ' 61. I
!i :
670
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table V. — Obsenrd times and /leig/its of high ami hnv water, computed lunitidalintervah, etc. — Cominucd.
Moon's
upper and
lower
transit.
Time
Of-
Lunitidal interval
of—
Height of—
Wind.
Moon'
s —
Deduced
Atmos-
Date.
half-tide
pheric
Velocity
High
Low
High
T.ow
High
Low
level.
pressure.
Direction.
in
Declina-
Parallax.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
miles per
tion.
hour.
1883.
//. m.
//. m.
/(. /;/.
h. m.
//. m.
Indies.
Inches.
Inelifs.
Inches.
0
/
Apr. 9
( I 35)
14 05
II 58
\ 5°
18 IS
6 30
{10 23)
16 45
(16 40)
16 25
82.1
4-5
3-7
4.9
43-6
29.8
E.
I'S
+ 16.9
60.6
10
( 235)
0 10
10 05
"86.'3""
43. I
29.9
E.
I.I
+ 19.0
59.8
IS 04
12 30
18 50
( 9 55)
(16 15)
80.3
1.7
II
( 3 33)
I 18
7 30
10 14
16 26
80.5
10.7
43-7
29.7
E.
2.0
+ 19.C
58.9
16 02
13 35
19 45
(10 02)
(16 12)
74-7
12.7
12
( 4 30)
2 OS
8 20
10 03
16 18
76.9
17.9
44-5
29.9
E.
0.7
+ 19-3
57-9
16 58
14 20
20 35
( 9 50)
(16 OS)
67. 5
16.7
«3
(s 25)
2 45
8 55
9 47
IS 57
74.8
20.7
42.0
30.0
E.
I. 2
+ 17-8
57.0
«7 5'
15 00
21 05
( 9 35)
(IS 40)
56.7
22.0
14
(6 16)
3 26
9 44
9 35
IS S3
58.9
25.5
38.6
30.1
E.
I. 5
+ I5-S
56.2
18 41
16 02
22 12
( 9 46)
(IS 56)
49-3
24.5
«5
( 7 05)
4 50
II 10
10 09
16 29
49-7
24.5
36.1
30.3
NE.
1. 1
+ 12.4
55-5
19 28
17 27
23 40
(10 22)
(16 35)
44.9
25.0
16
( 7 50
20 13
6 17
ic 49
(II 24)
SO. I
48.2
36.8
30.3
E.
I. 3
+ 8.9
54- 9
19 15
12 50
17 22
24.3
>7
(835)
8 10
' 5?
II 57
(17 59)
54.5
23-5
37-7
30.2
E.
1.4
+ S-o
54-5
20 56
20 25
14 18
(II 50)
18 05
S3' 9
20. 3
, 18
(9 17)
9 00
2 45
i.'i 04
(18 10)
59-2
23.2
40.3
30.1
E.
1.6
+ I- 1
54.2
21 38
21 20
IS 10
(1- 03)
18 14
61.5
20. 0
19
( 9 59)
9 35
3 27
II 57
(18 10)
62.7
22. 0
42.4
30.1
NE.
1-3
— 30
54. 0
;J2 20
22 00
IS 45
(.'2 01)
18 07
67.4
18. I
20
(10 40
10 25
4 IS
\-i 05
(18 16)
70.8
22. s
43-3
29.9
S.
I.O
— 6.8
54.0
23 02
22 35
16 30
(11 54)
18 10
72-5
11-3
21
(n 24)
10 40
438
II 38
(17 57)
71.9
14. I
41.6
30.0
s.
0.4
-10. 5
54. 0
23 46
22 45
16 40
(II 21)
17 38
74-9
7-5
22
10 55
23 10
4 50
17 OS
II 09
(11 02)
(17 26}
17 19
69. 5
72.0
10. 2
38.2
30.4
s.
1-3
—13-7
54- 1
'(l2'o8)'
1-3
23
0 30
II 30
S 20
II 00
(17 12)
66.3
5.6
35.7
30.7
E.
0.5
-16.3
54-3
(12 54)
23 55
17 40
(11 01)
17 10
71-3
— I. 1
24
I '7
6 05
18 12
(17 11)
16 55
6.5
0.7
36.0
30.5
E.
0.6
-18. 3
54-6
(«3 42)
12 10
10 S3
"l\'.T
25
2 06
0 17
6 25
(10 35)
(16 43)
71.2
9.1
37-5
30.4
E.
0.8
-19-5
55- 0
(14 30
12 25
18 32
10 19
16 26
66.0
51
26
2 55
0 40
6 50
(10 09)
(16 19)
71.8
12.0
39-7
30-3
E.
0.7
—19.7
55-5
(15 21)
12 25
iS 55
10 00
16 00
64.8
II. I
27
3 46
I 05
7 20
( 9 44)
(IS S9J
72.6
20.5
42.3
30.2
NE.
1.6
— 19.0
56.0
(16 12)
13 35
19 46
9 49
16 00
64.2
15.6
28
4 37
I 55
8 05
( 9 43)
(IS S3)
67-3
19.7
39-7
30.4
E.
0.8
-17-3
S6.7
(17 03)
14 08
20 IS
9 31
'1 38
57-5
16. s
29
5 29
2 35
9 OS
( 9 32)
(16 02)
60.3
20.3
36.2
30.6
E.
1.0
—14.7
57-4
(17 55)
15 20
21 37
9 SI
16 08
49.8
15.2
30
6 20
3 55
10 05
(10 00)
(16 10)
54- 0
20. 1
35-9
30- s
E.
0.2
— II. 2
58.2
(18 46)
16 22
22 48
10 02
16 28
48. 1
22.0
May I
7 'I
(«9 37)
8 03
5 15
18 00
II 38
(10 29)
10 49
(II 03)
(16 52)
56.9
54-5
62. 9
23.8
39-6
30.1
E.
0. 1
- 7-1
59.0
2
6 40
0 20
17 09
24.'s"
40.8
30.0
NE.
1-3
— 2. '
59-8
(20 29)
19 20
13 03
II 17
(17 26)
58. S
21.0
3
,«S5^
7 47
I 35
(II 18)
17 32
62. s
17.7
38.4
30.1
E.
3-7
+ 2.5
60.4
(21 23)
20 30
14 10
II 35
(17 41)
64.8
10. 9
4
9 5°
852
2 45
(II 29)
17 5°
65.7
12.9
; .2
30.2
E.
1.9
+ 7-4
60. 9
(22 18)
21 10
15 03
II 20
(17 40)
69.9
3-9
5
10 46
9 25
3 15
(II 07)
17 25
70.3
4.5
36.9
30.2
E.
1-3
+ II-9
61. I
(23 16)
22 05
IS 45
11 19
(17 27)
77-3
-2.0
6
II 45
10 20
4 15
(II 04)
17 29
72.5
2. I
36.1
30-4
E.
1-3
+15-6
61.0
7
22 45
II 10
16 28
5 07
II 00
(10 55)
(17 12)
17 22
77.8
71.9
-6.0
- 3-7
34.2
30.6
E.
1.2
+ i8. 2
60. s
"(q\'{)'
12 45
23 28
17 13
10 43
(16 58)
79.2
—10.4
8
( ' '5)
13 45
( 2 15)
II 48
5 37
17 56
632
(10 3J)
16 52
(16 41)
16 47
71.6
-4.6
- 9.6
- 2.7
34- 0
30.7
NK.
1.0
+ 19.6
59-9
9
0 20
10 35
■77.T"
34.2
30.5
NK.
1.7 «
+ 196
59- 0
14 44
12 36
18 40
(10 21)
(i6 25)
68.2
-4.7
10
( 3 13)
0 55
7 10
10 II
16 26
76.2
2.8
36.5
30.4
NE.
1.2
+ 18.5
58.1
'5 4'
13 18
19 22
(10 05)
(16 09)
67.9
2. 1
UMi
's—
Parallax.
/
60.6
S9.8
58- 9
57-9
57- 0
56.2
SS-S
54- 9
54- S
54-2
54- 0
THE LADV" FKANKIilN BAY EXPKDITIOX. 071
Table V. — Observed tima and heights ij/iigh and low water, computed liinitidal inten\rls, etc. — Continucil.
' Seems to have been 19' 01" iii original. An impfrfcct or erroneous figure In tlie transcript led to the adoption of 18'' 01"
Time of—
Lunitidal interval
of-
Heigh
of-
1
Wind.
Moon*!
1 —
Moon's
upper and
lower
transit.
1
1
1
1
,
1
Deiluceil
Atnios- 1
1
i
Date.
i
i
i
half-tide
pheric
Velocity
Hit'h
I.DW
Hifh
Low !
High
Low-
level.
)ressHre.
Direction.
ill
Declina-
[*ara1lax.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
% ' !■ **V-*iV.'*<»
uiles per
tion.
hour.
0
1883.
h. m.
/;. m.
A. m.
//. m.
/;. m.
Inc/ies.
Inches.
liii/us. 1
Inches.
/
May II
( 4 07)
I 30
7 48
9 49
l6 07
72.1
1-S
37-8
30.2
NK.
0.9
+ 16.3
•57.2
16 33
13 54
20 04
( 9 47)
(15 57)
63-5
II. 0
I?
( 458)
2 15
8 23
9 42
15 5°
68.5
159
40.4
30.1
NK.
0.6
+ 13-4
56.3
>7 23
14 47
20 53
( 9 49)
(IS 55)
60. 3
193
"3
( 5 44)
3 IS
9 32
9 52
16 09
66.3
25.6
44.1
29.8
E.
3-6
+ 9-9
SS-6
18 09
IS 38
21 48
( 9 54)
(16 04)
61.6
30.7
'4
( 631)
4 00
10 08
9 SI
15 59
57.0
27.7
42.1
29.9
NK.
12.0
+ 6.1
55- 0
18 S3
16 29
23 03
( 9 58)
(16 32)
53-6
27.5
>5
( 7 IS)
>9 36
( 7 57)
5 22
18 29
7 28
II 47
10 29
(II 14)
11 52
16 54
58.4
56.0
60.3
25-5
42.2
29-9
NVV.
2.0
+ 2.1
54- S
16
—....-.
"(i7'42r
30.2
42.7
29. 8
NK.
1.6
- 1.9
54.2
20 18
19 39
13 34
(II 42)
17 58
58.8
23- 5
17
( 839)
8 04
I 47
II 46
(17 so)
59-7
27. 0
40.5
30.1
NK.
1-7
-S-8
54-1
21 00
20 21
14 08
(II 42)
17 50
60. 5
19. 1
18
( 9 22)
8 42
*2 21
II 42
(17 42)
59-2
*i5-S
38.2
3"- 3
K.
0.5
- 9-5
54. 1
21 43
21 12
14 45
(II 50)
17 45
03-1
14- 3
«9
(«o 05)
9 25
3 28
II 42
(18 06)
61.7
179
40. 2
30.1
.SW.
0. I
—12.9
54.2
22 27
21 47
15 28
(II 42)
17 45
69.9
12.4
20
(10 SI)
10 02
3 57
II 35
(17 52)
66.6
19.2
44.5
29.9
K.
0.7
-IS- 7
54.4
23 14
22 31
16 04
(II 40)
17 37
79.0
14.2
21
('I 38)
10 46
22 ce
4 32
16 43
II 32
(II 17)
(17 4>)
17 29
75-1
80.5
22.9
14. 6
47^7
29.7
SK.
i-S
—17.9
54.7
22
0 02
II 03
5 05
II 01
(17 27)
75-1
18.5
47-7
29. 6
K.
0,6
-19-3
55.1
(12 27)
23 22
17 04
(lo 55)
17 02
83.6
13-6
23
0 52
II 46
5 30
10 54
(17 03)
76.4
20.7
48.4
29.6
E.
o.s
—19.8
55.5
(13 «8)
23 54
17 46
(10 36)
16 54
83.8
14.0
24
I 43
(14 09)
6 II
(16 53)
16 32
18.5
46. 7
29.8
SK.
2.8
—19. 3
56.0
"W'Vl"
18 15
10 30
72.1
13.8
25
2 34
0 34
647
(10 25)
(■6 38)
80.8
19-3
46.7
29.8
K.
1-5
-17.8
56.5
(IS 00)
12 53
18 56
10 19
16 22
72.7
15.4
26
3 26
I 06
7 27
(10 06)
(lO 27)
79.1
21.4
47.1
29.8
SW.
0.7
-iS-4
57.0
{'S 52)
13 25
19 25
9 59
IS 59
70.9
18.2
27
4 «7
I 46
8 03
( 9 54)
(16 II)
77.5
23-5
47-7
29.8
NK.
9.8
—12.2
57-6
(16 42)
14 03
19 57
9 46
15 40
68.4
23.2
28
5 07
2 33
9 02
( 9 50
(16 20)
75-3
26.8
48.8
29.7
N.
2-3
- 8.2
58.2
('7 32)
15 04
21 08
9 57
16 01
68.1
27-5
29
5 57
3 15
9 22
( 9 43)
(15 50)
72. 2
29. 0
49.1
29. 6
N.
0.6
-3-8
58.8
(18 23)
15 39
22 21
9 42
16 24
63.6
32-3
30
6 48
4 52
II 02
(10 2y)
(16 39)
73-2
28.2
49.1
29-5
S.
12.0
+ 0.9
59. 3
(19 14)
17 33
23 38
10 45
16 50
64.9
32.2
3"
7 40
(20 07)
5 53
'18 01
(10 39)
10 21
69. 4
47.0
29. 7
S.
14. 1
+ 5.7
59.8
12 10
"('I'C'I'O)'
64.5
"'2S.'3''
"^ J
1 J /
June I
833
7 17
I 10
(II 10)
'7 30
61. I
27.9
44-5
29.7
s.
II-3
f 10. 2
60.2
(21 01)
20 02
13 50
II 29
('7 43)
70.4
20.0
2
9 29
8 30
2 15
(II 29)
17 42
72.7
24.8
48.0
29.6
NW.
0.8
--14.2
60.3
(21 58)
20 50
14 34
II 21
(17 33)
78.6
19. 1
3
10 27
9 10
3 00
(II 12)
17 31
75-7
23-5
49.6
29. s
W.
0. 2
+ 17-2
60.3
(22 57)
21 40
IS 20
II 13
(17 22)
85. 0
17.2
1
4
II 27
9 47
3 45
(10 50)
17 IS
78.2
21.2
SO- 3
29.6
W.
0. 1
+ 19-2
60. 0
(23 57)
22 20
16 02
10 53
(17 05)
88.4
14.4
i
5
10 42
4 34
(10 45)
17 07
79.6
19. 9
50.6
29.7
W.
I. I
+ 19. 8
59. S
12 27
23 09
16 49
10 42
(<6 52)
90.0
13.6
6
(056)
13 25
( « 52)
II 28
S 27
17 43
(10 32)
17 00
(■6 47)
16 40
81.4
18.4
IS-2
20.4
51-5
29.7
SW.
1. 1
+ 19-2
; 58.8
7
0 03
6 05
"'10' 38""
91.7"
52- I
29.6
s.
16.9
+ 17-4
58.0
14 21
12 09
18 17
(10 17)
(16 25)
81.6
16.4
8
( 247)
038
f> 57
10 17
16 i6
88.4
21. 2
51-7
29.6
s.
4-5
-f 14-7
57.2
IS 13
13 07
19 09
(10 20)
(16 '22)
78.7
20.7
9
{ 3 38)
I 17
7 24
10 04
16 II
85.4
24. 6
52-5
1 29-5
N.
2.6
+ II-3
56. 3
16 02
13 44
19 51
(10 06)
(16 13)
76.6
26.5
10
(4 25)
2 09
8 27
10 07
16 25
82.1
26. 7
S'-5
29.6
SW.
2.9
■1- 7- 5
55.6
16 48
14 36
20 35
(10 II)
(16 10)
71.7
28.3
II
( S 10)
2 46
9 08
9 58
16 20
74.1
27.0
48.8
29.8
SW.
3-2
+ 3-5
55.0
1
17 32
15 14
21 14
(10 04)
(16 04)
65.2
30' 9
il
Vl
^■'\
I '
672 THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Tahuk V. — Observed times ami heights of high and low watcr^ eompntcd iunitidal intervals ^ etc. — Continued.
Moon's
upper anil
Time of—
Lunitidal interval
of-
Height of—
Deduced
Atmos-
Wind.
Moon's—
Dale.
half-tide
pheric
Velocity
lower
transit.
High
T.ow
High
I .<>w
High
I.l'W
level.
pressure.
Direction.
in
miles per
hour.
Declina-
Parallax.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
water.
tion.
1SS3.
/'. m.
/;. ni.
/;. m.
/(. III.
h. m.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
0
/
June 12
V 5 S3)
3 29
9 54
9 57
16 22
68.4
28.6
46. I
29.9
.sw.
2-3
-o.S
S4.6
18 14
16 05
22 05
(10 12)
(16 12)
60. 9
27.7
13
(63s)
4 39
10 32
9 55
16 18
60. 5
27.8
43-3
30.1
s.
7.6
— 4-S
54-3
18 56
16 48
23 00
(10 13)
(16 25)
54-6
32.4
14
(7 18)
>9 39
3 31
18 27
10 35
(II 09)
58.4
44. I
30.1
E.
4.9
— 8.3
54-2
S2 04
"i7"o8"
27-5
'5
( 80.)
7 02
0 47
II 23
(17 29)
58.6
34-6
45-7
30.0
W.
2. 1
—II. 8
54.2
20 2J
19 35
13 13
(II 34)
17 34
62.6
27. 6
16
( 846)
7 50
I 48
II 27
(17 47)
65.6
34-4
48.6
29.8
s.
2.6
-14.8
54-4
21 08
20 20
14 04
(II 34)
17 41
67.5
29.9
>7
( 932)
8 41
2 35
II 33
(17 49)
63.3
32.9
47.9
30.0
w.
0.9
'7-3
54.8
21 56
21 31
14 54
(II 59)
17 46
71-5
25-3
18
(10 21)
10 01
3 49
12 05
(18 17)
67.9
30.1
48.6
30.0
NK.
8.9
—18.9
55-2
22 45
22 06
IS 59
(II 45)
18 03
74.7
23-8
•9
(II II)
10 18
4 12
II 33
(1751)
68.4
27.7
48.6
30.0
SW.
I.7
— 19.8
55-6
23 37
22 34
16 27
(II n)
17 42
78.2
21.5
^
20
10 47
4 41
17 53
It 10
(17 30)
i8 16
71. 1
76.9
25- 7
23-5
49. 3
29.9
W.
1.2
—19.6
56.2
(12 "03)
*23 S3
(II so)
21
0 29
(»2 S5)
1 21
II 59
5 54
*i8 00
II 30
(17 SO
17 31
70.8
25- I
17.6
48.4
30.0
SW.
13
—18.4
56.7
22
0 04
6 04
(II 09)
("7 09)
'82.0"
23.0
48.8
30.1
SW.
1.9
—16.2
57-2
(13 47)
12 oO
18 08
10 45
16 47
73-6
17-3
23
2 13
0 14
6 30
(10 27)
(16 43)
81.6
21.4
49-9
30.1
NK.
2.8
-13- 1
57-7
(•4 39)
• >2 35
18 31
10 22
16 18
75-7
23-7
24
3 OS
0 48
7 04
(10 09)
(16 2S)
84.0
25-3
Si-7
29.7
N.
13- I
- 9-3
58.1
CS 30)
13 10
19 10
10 OS
16 OS
76-3
21.4
25
3 SS
I 32
7 36
(10 02)
(16 06)
82. 2
24.4
50.3
29. fi
W.
4.S
- 50
58.5
(16 20)
»3 57
20 0^
10 02
16 08
72.3
23.6
26
4 45
2 14
8 26
( 9 54)
(16 06)
79.0
24.5
49- 5
29.9
H.
3-9
- 0-3
58.9
('7 n)
'4 37
20 58
9 52
16 13
69.4
27. s
27
S 36
3 II
9 22
(10 00)
(16 II)
74-4
25.6
47.8
30.0
S.
0.7
+ 4-4
59-2
(18 02)
15 28
21 40
9 52
16 04
64.6
28.6
28
6 28
3 52
10 II
( 9 50)
(16 09)
68.4
26.6
47-5
29.9
NK.
3.3
+ 8.9
59-4
('8 SS)
16 30
22 52
10 02
16 24
63.8
33-3
29
7 21
(19 49)
8 16
5 IS
18 05
6 20
II 24
(10 20)
10 44
(16 29)
66.6
64. 2
27.4
47.6
29.8
NE.
9.1
+ 13-0
59-5
30
0 15
(10 31)
16 54
63- 9
32.4
47.3
29.9
SW.
2.4
+ 16.3
59-5
(20 45)
19 23
12 31
II 07
(16 42)
67.9
26.3
July I
9 14
7 42
I 32
(10 57)
17 16
67.9
313
29.9
SW.
2.4
+18.6
59- S
On proceeding to compute the lunitidal intervals, or the intervals of mean solar time by which the moon's transit, either supe-
rior or inferior, precedes the timr of high and low water, it was deemed best, although a preliminary investigation indicated the
" age of the tide" to be in e ccess of a whole day, to refer the tide to the last lunar transit that "ould render the time of high
water, less the time of transit, invariably a positive quantity; and, in conformity with universal usage, to take the interval for low
water next greater than for high. The times of lunar transit in Washington mean time for the meridian of Washington were
read out of the Ephemcris and entered in column 2 of Table V, the lower transits being distinguished by parentheses, and
then columns 5 and 6 formed by taking each transit from tlie next following high water and the succeeding low water, and
writing the remainders in the appropriate column opposite to the corresponding subtrahend, as may readily be made out from
the table itself. Tlie intervals derived from lower transits were inclosed in parentheses.
It appears from an inspection of Table V that the lunitidal intervals and heights are all fluctuating quantities, the range
of interval being 3'' 54'" and 5"' 10'", the range of height 55.6 inches and 62.4 inches for high and low water, respectively. A
cursory examination liaving shown tliat phase is the most poti'ic factor in this fluctuation, it was decided to make it the basis
of the principal classification in that search for mean values inti. vhich all quantitative study of tidal phenomena resolves itself.
For this purpose both lunitidal intervals and heights were distriL 'ed into groups according to that hour of moon's transit in
column 2 to which they relate, distinguishing between high and low water and upper and lower transit, and taking the heights
tij the nearest whole inch. It is hardly \rorth while to burden these pages with this mass of figures. A specimen of the ar-
rangement will suffice. No observation was rejected.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
673
Example of the arrangement of lunitidal intervals and heights according to mean solar hour of moon's transit
[Far high waters following lower transit. |
Parallax.
/
54-6
54-3
54.2
54-2
54-4
54-8
55-2
55.6
56.2
56.7
57-2
57-7
58. 1
58. S
58.9
59-2
59.4
59. 5
59-5
59.5
MoouM
transit.
h. m.
637
6 26
6 12
6 35
Lunitidal
interval.
Height.
Moon's
transit.
1
Lunitidal ti ■ v.
interval. ,"''«>"•
Moon's
transit.
Lunitidal
iniurval.
1
Ileiglu,
//. »/.
II 30
9 49
9 55
10 13
62
70
67
65
736
7 22
7 04
7 "18
//. ///.
II 3'
10 48
10 46
11 09
57
67
65
68
835
8 17
846
_
8 46
//. III.
II 32
II 18
«o 59
II 34
69
69
77
6 27. 6 10 04. 0
59-7
7 28.6
10 48. 9 S7. 9
8 30. 0 II 21. 5 ■ 62. 6
1
Tlie means of each column — liour of moon's transit, lunitidal interval, and height— were now taken for each of the ninety-
six groups and the results brought together in Table VI for comparison and further treatment. It appears upon inspection of
this table that the results accord well with w lat theory would lead us to expect, that is, the period is half a synodic month,
and there is substantial agreement between upper and lower transit values. Besides this confirmation of theory, the distribu-
tion into ninety-six instead of twenty-four groups afforded a check against gross errors in computation.
Tabi-E VI. — Mean lunitidal interval and height for high and low water, upper and lower transit of the moon, for eatery mean solat
hour of the mooti's transit.
High
water.
Low water.
Upper transit.
Lower transit.
Upper transit.
Lower transit.
h. in. \
//. »/. !
Inches.
/;. m.
//. III.
Inches,
h. m.
//. in.
Inches.
//. m.
//. ///.
Inches.
0 30
II 02
78.3
29
0 31
II 00
81.5
27
0 30
17 08
8.1
29
0 31 i
17 07
10. 6
27
I 30
10 40
78.0
26
I 30
10 37
82.5
25
I 30
16 47
8.6
26
I 30
16 45
7.8
25
2 30
10 21
76. 5
29
2 30
10 19
79.1
28
2 30
16 25
II. 0
29
2 30
16 23
II-3
28
3 30
10 03
73-3
27
3 31
10 02
76.2
26
3 30
16 13
15.8
27
3 31
1609
14- 5
26
4 30
9 51
67.3
29
4 30
9 49
69.7
26
4 30
16 02
20.5
29
4 29
15 56
19.4
26
5 31
9 52
62.5
29
5 28
9 46
65.0
28
5 31
16 07
25-3
29
s "-l
IS 59
25.0
28
631
ID 09
57-7
26
6 28
10 04
59-7
26
6 31
16 34
28. I
26
6 28
16 19
29.2
26
7 28
10 57
58.7
28
7 29
10 49
57-9
30
7 28
17 20
27.5
28
7 29
17 10
28.4
30
8 29
II 30
61.0
28
8 30
II 21
62.6
27
8 28
17 48
24.2
29
8 30
17 41
24.6
27
9 32
II 40
69. 1
30
9 30
II 34
67-3
28
9 32
17 49
'9-3
30
9 30
17 49
18.5
28
10 30
II 11
74-4
23
10 30
II 30
73-7
27
10 30
17 41
13- 9
23
10 30
17 43
14- 3
27
II 29
II 21
77.8
29
II 29
II 17
76.0
27
II 29
17 29
II. 2
29
II 29
17 24
10. 6
27
12 29
II 03
80.0
24
12 28
10 59
77-7
27
12 29
17 15
8.2
24
12 28
17 07
8.5
27
13 29
10 39
81.0
^8
13 30
10 41
78.0
29
13 29
16 48
8.4
28
13 30
16 48
8.4
29
14 30
10 19
78.7
27
14 30
10 16
76.3
27
14 30
16 25
8.6
27
14 30
16 28
10.6
27
15 29
10 02
74-7
26
•5 30
10 03
72.8
28
15 29
16 09
1 34
26
15 30
16 13
16.3
28
16 29
9 50
70.7
27
i6 27
9 55
68. 3
26
16 29
15 59
19. 3
27
16 27
16 06
21. I
26
17 29
9 43
62. 5
27
17 28
9 46
62.2
30
17 29
15 55
24.6
27
17 28
15 58
26.5
30
18 31
10 03
58.6
30
18 29
10 06
58.2
28
18 30
16 24
28.5
30
18 29
16 25
29. 6
28
19 31
10 49
59. 0
25
19 29
10 52
58.9
27
19 30
17 to
29.0
25
19 29
17 14
29.4
27
20 30
II 27
62.6
29
20 29
II 41
62. 4
30
20 29
17 41
24.7
29
20 29
17 56
25.7
29
21 30
II 35
67.6
27
21 30
II 42
68.0
27
21 30
17 55
18.7
27
21 30
17 54
20.0
27
22 31
II 33
73' 7
29
22 32
II 35
74-3
2)
22 31
17 43
14.0
29
22 32
17 42
16.0
29
23 30
II 17
77-7
25
23 32
II 19
78.2
"
23 30
17 25
9.0
25
23 32
17 26
II. 8
25
Adding lower to upper transit values, then superposng the last half of the synodic month upon the first, adding, dividing
by 4, and then adiling to the intervals the following corrections, viz, +49.3'" for difference of time between Fort Conger and
Washington, +1.7'" for mean motion of moon in right u:cension while passing from the meridian of Fort Conger to the
meridian of Washington, and —0.6'" for delay the first year in reading the gauge when high or low water fell between —5'"
H. Mis, 393, pt 2 43
074
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
and +7"' of the even hour, or a total correction of +50.4'", we finally obtain Table VII. It is free from diurnal inequality
and every declination effect depending upon odd powers of the moon's declination; but all its lunitidal intervals and heights
are affected by parallax and by declination effects depending upon the even powers of the declination. Table VII is repre-
sented grajjhically by figures 2 and 3, Plate II. The regul.tr course of the hourly values, which all fall in the figure upon a
tolerably smooth and regular curve, is a proof of the reliability of the determination.
Taiii.e VII. — Mean lunitidal internal ami height of hi^h and low water for every hour of the moon's transit for half a synodic
month, reckoning from either syzygy.
High water, upper and lower transit.
Low water, upper and lower transit.
Hour
of moon's
transit.
//. m.
0 27.8
1 27.9
2 28. s
3 28.3
4 27.3
5 27.4
6 27.8
7 27. I
827.7
9 28.7
10 29. 2
11 28. 5
Lunitidal
interval.
Height.
Number of
observa-
tions.
Hour
of moon's
transit.
Lunitidal
interval.
Height.
Inches.
8.9
8.3
10. 4
'S-o
20. 1
2S.3
28.9
28.6
24.8
19. 1
14- S
10.7
Number of
observa-
tions.
107
108
III
107
108
114
no
no
114
112
108
106
//. III.
'I 5'-3
II 29. 8
II 09. I
10 52.8
10 41S
10 37. I
•o 55- 9
11 42.3
12 20.4
12 28.0
12 23. I
12 08.8
Inches.
79-4
79.9
77-7
74-3
69. 0
63.1
58. s
S8.6
62.1
68.0
74.0
77-4
107
108
III
107
108
114
no
no
114
112
108
106
//. III.
0 27.8
1 27.9
2 28. 5
3 28.3
4 27.3
5 27.4
6 27.8
7 27.3
8 27.2
928.7
10 29. 2
11 28.5
//. in.
«7 59.5
>7 37. S
«7 JS7
17 01. 5
16 51.2
16 so. 3
17 IS. 9
18 03. 9
18 37.0
18 42.0
18 32. s
18 16.4
28.0
'I IZ-Z
70.2 i,3'S 28.0
•7 4S-3
17.9
1.31S
THE SEMI-MENSUAL INEQUALITY.
If the means for the synodic half month be taken from the individual values corresponding to the several hours of moon's
transit there rcstdts the semi-mensual inequ.ality exhibited in Table VIII.
Tadle VIII. — 77ie semi-mensual inequality.
For high
water.
I'or low water.
Moon's
transit.
Inequality in
time.
Inequal-
ity in
height.
Number of
observa-
tions.
Moon's
transit.
Inequality in
time.
Inequal-
ity in
height.
Inches.
Number of
observa-
tions.
//. m.
m.
Inches.
/;. in.
in.
0 27.8
+ 18,0
+ 9.2
107
0 27.8
+ 14.2
- 9.0
107
I 27.9
- 35
+ 9-7
108
I 27.9
- 7-8
-9.6
108
2 28.5
-24, 2
+ 7-S
III
2 28. 5
-29. 6
- 7-5
III
3 28.3
— 40. S
+ 4-1
107
328.3
-43-8
— 2.9
107
4 27.3
-SI- 8
— 1.2
108
4 27.3
-54. 1
4- 2.2
108
s 27.4
-S6-2
- 71
114
S 27.4
-SS-o
+ 7-4
114
6 27.8
—37-4
-II. 7
no
6 27.8
—29. 4
-fii.o
no
7 27.1
+ 9.0
-II. 6
no
7 27.3
+18.6
-fio.7
iro
8 27.7
+47-1
-8.1
114
8 27.2
+51-7
+ 6.9
114
9 28.7
+54- 7
— 2,2
112
928.7
+S6. 7
+ 1.2
112
ID 29. 2
+49.8
+ 3-8
108
10 29. 2
+47- 2
-3-4
108
n 28.5
+35- S
+ 7-2
106
n 28.5
+31 I
-r-2
106
inequajity
nd heigh Is
II is rcpre-
II re upon n
If a syiwiiic
TOE LAUY FUANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION. 675
This ineiiuahty is very faithfully represented by the following periodical functions :
For high water :
Inetpiality in time, in minutes, =35.2 cos </>— 41.7 sin f^— ii.i cos 2r/;+2.i sin up
■\- 4,0 cos 3f/j+ 1.9 sin 3f^— 0.8 cos .jy^— i.i sin 4f/>
Inequality in height, in inches, = 9.2 cos ifi-\- 5.7 sin tp— 0.5 cos 2f/> — 1.2 sin 2<^
+ 0.1 sin 3^— 0,2 cos \if}
For low water :
Inequality in time, in minutes, =30.5 cos f/>— 46.1 sin f^— 10.7 cos 2<p-\-\.\ sin 2^
■\- 4.2 cos 3(/>+ 1.4 sin 3f/;— i.o cos 4f/>— o.i sin 4(/>
Ine(iuality in height, in inches, = — 9.1 cos ip— 4.9 sin (p-\- 0.6 cos 2(^+0.6 .sin 21^
+ 0.2 cos %<p— 0.2 sin yp-\- o.i sin 41^
tp is reckoned from the syzygies, one hour of phase ecjual to thirty degrees of arc. The computed are compared with
the observed values in the following table :
Table IX. — Computed compared with observed semi-mensual inequality.
s of moon's
High
water.
Low water.
Hour of
moon's
transit.
Inequality
Inequality
Inequality
Tnequiility
in time.
in height.
in time.
in height.
0 — c
0— <■
D— c
0 — c
//. /«.
m.
Inch.
m.
Inch.
0 30
+0.5
—0. I
+0.4
+0.2
' 30
— 03
+0.1
—0. 2
0. 0
2 30
—0. 1
0.0
— 0. I
— 0. I
3 30
+0.2
+0.1
+0.2
— 0. I
4 30
-0-3
—0.2
-0.5
—0. 2
5 30
+0. 2
+0.2
+0.2
0.0
6 30
— 0. 1
—0. I
— 0. 2
0.0
7 30
0.0
0.0
+0.2
—0. I
8 30
+0.6
0.0
0. 0
+0.1
9 30
—0.4
—0. I
—0.2
—0. 2
10 30
+0.9
0.0
+0.4
-fo. 2
II 30
—0.7
—0.2
-0.4
—0. I
A less exact expression for the semi-mensual inequality, but one more interesting, on account of its brevity and the signi-
fication of its two parameters, is furnished by the wave theory.
Put (p = the mean solar time of moon's transit.
# = the lunitidal interval.
A. = the mean lunitidal interval.
n = the retardation or " age of the tide."
//■,// = the height of the lunar and solar tides, respectively.
A', r = the maximum and minimum ranges of the tide.
]',y = the height of high and low water, respectively.
Then for the semi-mensual time inequality, or 6—X in the preceding notation, we have by the equilibrium theory
// sin 2<p
tan 2{d—X)z
and then by the wave theory, introducing the retardation,
tan 2(6/— A)=-
H-\-li cos 2ip
h sin 2((p—n)
H-'f/i cos 2{(p—a)
or, finally, putting />=>6
tan 2(0— A)= —
k sin 2 (</>—«)
1+^ cos 2\<p—a)
676
TIIK I.ADY KIJANKI.IN MAY KXl'KDITIDN
, ■ .J
By a graiihical process wc liiul that for high water the iiK.m iiUerval occurs at i'' 19.7'" and 7'' 18.7"', hence «=i'' 19 3'"
= 19° 48'; for low water the mean interval occurs at i'' 08.5"' and 7'' 06.2'", lience rr=i'' 07.3'"= 16° 49.5'; for hif^h walcr
the niaxinium range in tlie interval is 1'' ri,5"i = 27° 52.5', its sine [().6G()f^\ = /<' : for low water the ninximum ranije in the
interval is i*" 55.o"' = 28'' 45.0', its sine |9.6H2i)=X', and therrtoie for high water
and for low water
tin >(H-\)^- l9-f>69S| ^i" -M'/'-'9" 48')
■^ I+I9.6698I cos 2(f^— II," 48')
"^ i+|9.68?i| <os 2{f/>-i6''49.5'j
By the etiuilibrium theory the height of the tide is expressed ' y ti" formula
''= V ■' -r/i'-, ?:'l'/l ■ >■■ 2(p
and hencc by the wave theory, introducing the tidal rcl.irc' iiinn i-v.
We also have
whence
j¥=2(//+//)
in ci'X r 'if}— a)
/==2(//— //)
From Fig, 3, Plate II, we have, with all the precision re(|uisite in the application of this method, ^=72.1 inches, ^=28.4
inches, hence /f=2$,i inches, //= 10.9 inches. We also see from the same curves ;l)at iiighest high water lags behind the
syzygies 1'' 14'", lowest high water behinil the (juadratures 57'", lowest low water behind th«; sy/ygies i*" 12"', highest low water
behind the quadratures 55.5'", hence for high water
and for low water
.r=>-^(i" i4"' + 57'")=i" os.5"'=i6'' 22.5'
.t=J<(i" i2'" + S5.5"') = i" o3.7"'=is° 55.5'
The formula for the height thereby becomes:
For high water
For low water
y= a/(25.iJ*+(io.9)'+2X25.i X 10.9 COS 2{9>— 16° 22.5')
,)--■/ (25. 1 )'^+ ( I o.gY-ir 2 X 25. rxio.9 cos 2(7,7^ 1 5° 55.5')
The intervals and heights have been computed fron. these formulae, and the semi-mensual inequality obtained has been
compared with the observed value and the result stated in Table X: ' .
Table X. — Computed and compaird with obsenud semi-mensual inequality.
High
water.
Low
water.
Hour of
moon's
Iiieqiiality
Inci|iia!ity
;nei|iialily
Inequali'y '
in lime.
in lKii;lil.
11; tune.
in height.
o—c
0 — (■
Inches.
,)--,•
o-r
/(. III.
m.
»/.
Inches.
0 30
-t- 2-3
— 0. I
^- 2.0
+ 0.4
• 30
— 0. 2
+ 0.2
- 0.2
- 0. I
2 30
— 19
— 0. 2
-3-3
+ 0.1
3 30
- 1-3
-+ 0. I
- 0.7
+ 0.9
4 30
0.0
0.0
+ 0.8
+ 0.9
s 30
- 0.9
- 0.2
+ 0.9
+ 0.5
6 30
+ 0.3
- 0-5
+ 2.5
-0.3
7 30
+ 0.6
+ 0.1
— 1. 1
- 0.9
8 30
+ 0.1
- 0.3
— 0.9
— 0.7
9 30
- 0.9
0.0
f 0.1
— 0.8
10 30
+ 1-9
+ 0.7
f- 0.8
— 0.2
II 30
+ 2.2
+ 0.1
+ O.S
0.0
TIIK liADY FRANKLIN HAY KXPKDITION.
077
: l'' 19 ?'"
igc in the
■■■^
For the tide-producing power of tiie sun, incasurcd by tiiat of the moon as unit, wc have ' rce values, 0.468 from the
range ol the high- water interval, 0.481 from tlie range of the low-water interval, and 0.434 from the range of the tide. Their
mean is 0.461 an'l its reriiirocal 2.17.
••'or (», the i itervai by whit' the maxim.im and minimum efletts follow the maMnu:in and min''"ini of the tidal forres,
we have four values, viz, 79.2'", O7.3'", 65.5'", and 63.7'", derived from the higli-\v;iter intervals, tht w water intervals, tlie
high-Wuier heights, and the low-water liei;;hts, respectively. The mean is /r = 68.9"', and dividii tr ti by 48.8'", the moon's
' lean retard on the sun in a me ' solar day, we have
1.41''= !•• 09.8''
f' • tb' u^e of the tide" at Fort Conger.
i, r=28.4
ehind the
low water
EFFElT OK CHANGES IN THE LUNAR I'ARAl.I.AX UPON THE SEMI-MENSUAI. INEyUAI.lTV.
'lo determine the effect ujjon the semi-mensual ineijuality of a variation in the lunar parallu.x, tiie lunitidal intervals and
heights were distributed into groups according to the double argument, |iarallax and [jhase. 'I'lie lunar par.illax for noon of
each tlay having been entered in the last column of Table V, all int-'-vals and heights corresponding to a parallax of 57.0' or
less were taken out and distributed into twelve groups, according; n- ■ ')f moon's transit; all intervals and heights corre-
sponding to a parallax of 57.1', or greater, in like manner into twc'v ; o' groups. The means for each of these groups are
brought together in Tables XI and XII, and for comparison tl- semi sual inequality from Table VII. In making this
distribution the intervals and heights were referred, not to the ■).-•■ a'.,, c ot iht same day, but to that of the preceding day, the'
effect at this station following the cause by an interval consic .ibiv i.i excess of a day, as appears from the several values for
a brought out by the preceding investigation.
Table XI. — T/ie lunar parallactic effect
semi-tnensual inequality 0/ high water.
has been
Parallax 53.9' to 57.0'.
•s .
jn
Parallax 53.9' to 6
1.4'.
S3
M
I'.ir.iHas 57.1' to 6
1.4'.
J/1
i
«i
JA
k.
S5
^
8 .
«
=^^^
0 J,
8
c
ean parall
or each ho
of transit.
:ti
8 .
a
ean parall
or each ho
of transit.
^S
our of m
transit
•3-5
'a
a
ean par
for each
sf transi
0 0
ll
e u
a j>
our of m
transit
'5
a
1
umber 0
servatio
our of m
transit
uuitiiial
val
4J
umber 0
servatio
//. m.
^
Inc/ies.
'A
X
h. III.
A
Inchis.
^.
"4,
X
//. lit.
A. III.
=
*B
Z
It. in.
h. VI,
/
Inches.
/
0 28.5
II 59.4
76.7
550
56
0 27.8
>' S'-3
79-4
57-2
107
0 27. I
II 42.3
82.3
S9-7
51
1 27.7
>' 35-. 3
76. ()
55. 0
54
I 27.9
II 29. 8
79. 9
57-3
108
I 28. I
II 24. 2
82.7
59. 7
54
2 28.6
II 12.0
74-4
55'
57
2 28.5
II 09. I
77-7
57-2
I II
2 28.4
1 1 06. 2
81. I
59-4
54
3 -^go
10 54- 2
7>-3
55-2
50
3 28. 3
10 52.8
74-3
57- 0
107
3 27.6
'o 5' 3
77. 4
58.9
3«
4 28.4
10 41. 0
66.5
55-3
57
4 27-3
10 41.5
69.0
56.9
108
4 26. 2
10 42. 1
71.7
587
5<
S 27- «
10 40. 4
60.8
55-2
60
5 27.4
10 37. 1
63.1
56.8
114
5 26.9
'O 33-4
65.6
58.5
54
6 27.3
10 56.7
55-9
55-2
59
() 27. .S
10 55-9
5«.5
56.7
110
6 28. 3
10 54.8
bi.5
58.5
5«
7 26.6
II SI. I
56.7
55-2
60
7 27. I
II 42. 3
58.6
56.8
no
7 27.9
II 34.2
60. 9
58.6
50
8 27. 5
12 31.4
61. S
55- «
02
8 27.7
12 20.4
62. I
56.9
114
8 27. 7
12 07.5
63.0
59.0
52
9 28-5
12 37.8
66.7
55- 0
62
9 28. 7
12 28.0
68.0
57.0
1 12
9 28.9
12 15.8
(.9.7
59-4
50
10 28.4
'2 .33-9
72.4
55- 0
57
10 29. 2
12 23. I
74.0
57-2
108
10 28.9
12 12.3
75.8
59.6
5«
II 28.4
Means
Ranges . . .
12 17.9
74-5
55.0
57
It 2S. 5
Means ...
Ranges...
12 08.8
77-4
57.2
106
II 28.6
Means ...
Ranges...
II 58. 2
80.9
59. 7
49
" 39-3
67.9
55'
697
'« 33-3
70.2
57- 0
■3>5
11 26.9
72.7
59.1
618
118. 8
21.6
III. 5
21.5
102.5
22. I
678
THE LADY FRANKLIN I'.AY EXI'EDITION.
Table XU. — Tht lunar parallactic effect upon the semimensuat inei/uality of low water.
e-
o
d '
O
B
2«,
28,
28,
2(),
28,
28.
0 27.
7 27.
8 27.
9 28.
10 28.7
11 28. 4
Means
Ranges
Parallax 5 j.<^' in 5
7.0'.
11.
1-51
0 0
■3 75
•a
Jc
-S2
a
/m/ies.
Meai
for
oft
h. III.
/
18 07. 5
II. 8
55°
5"
17 42.1
II. 0
55'
54
17 18.2
•3-4
5511
5'>
'7 03- S
If). 8
55-2
SO
16 52. I
22.4
55-3
57
If' 53. 7
27. I
55-3
61
17 16. 2
30-2
55-2
59
18 10. 0
30.1
55-2
62
18 49.5
27.4
55- •
62
18 51.3
21.3
55- 0
60
18 40. 8
17.0
55- 0
57
18 24.9
12. 5
55- 0
57
17 so. 8
20. 1
55'
697
122
19.2
Tarallax 53.9' to 61.4'.
f5
X
li. III.
0 27.8
1 27- 9
2 28. 5
3 28. 3
4 27. 3
27.4
27.8
27- 3
27. 2
28.7
10 29. 2
11 28.5
Means .
Ranges .
— — -
X is
V
A I
2
•a-=.tj
1
ean pa
Tor each
of tians
..4
X
<,
A. m.
Inches.
/
'7 59-5
8.9
57- 2
'7 37-5
8.3
57-3
"7 '5-7
10. 4
57-2
17 01.5
15.0
57- 0
16 51.2
20. I
5'^'. 9
16 5°- 3
25-4
56.8
17 15.9
2S. 8
56.7
18 04. 0
28.,
56.8
18 37.0
24.8
56.9
18 42.0
19. I
57. 0
18 32. S
14.6
57-2
18 (6.4
10.7
57-2
'7 45-3
• 17.9
S7.0
«'5
20.8
ti
o o
3 I/.
107
108
III
107
loS
114
no
110
114
112
108
iu6
131S
Parallax 57.1' to 61.4'.
£■5
o
S
A. »;.
0 27. I
1 28.0
2 28. 9
3 27.0
4 26. 2
5 26.4
6 28. 3
7 27.1
8 26. 9
9 28.8
10 29. 7
11 28.5
Means . . .
Ranges
B
h. Ill,
17 508
17 33- o
"7 132
ir. 59.2
16 50. 2
16 46. 2
17 155
17 56.2
18 22. 1
18 31.1
18 23. 2
18 06. 5
17 38.9
•05
■a
.a"
Jl^
E
Inches
5-7
5
7
>3
'7
23
27
26.5
21.8
16.7
II. 9
8.5H
'5.5
21. 6
59. 7
59- f'
59. 3
58.9
58.7
58.6
58.5
58.8
59- 1
59-4
59-7
59-7
5'
54
55
5"
5'
53
5'
48
52
52
51
49
59-2
618
Subtracting the values in the first division of Tables XI and XII from the corresponding values in the second division,
those in the second from those in the third, writing I. II. ]'. for Interval, Height, Parallax, and then dividing the interval and
height differences by the |)arallax differences we obtain the lunar-parallactic effect in the form of Table XIII.
Table XIIL — T/u- c/i.i/i!;;r in the scmi-mensiial intervals and heights corresponding to a change of i' in the lunar parallax.
Hour
of moon's
transit.
High water.
Low
water.
/'-S3-9
' fo 57.0' /'=S7'
' to 61.4'
^'-53-9
' to 57.0'
/'-S7.I
' to 61.4'
,M
'!//
61
.1//
.1/
iH
((/
.!//
J/'
(!/'
6J'
.ly
IT'
Tr
.1/'
.ly
/;. w.
m.
Inches.
ni.
Inches.
m.
Inches.
m.
Inches.
0 28. 3
-3-7
+ 1.2
-3-7
+ 1.2
-3.6
— '•3
-3-5
-1-3
1 28.3
-2.4
1-3
"2.3
I. 2
—2. I
— 1.2
— 2.0
— I.I
2 28.3
-1.4
1-3
-1-3
"5
— I. 2
— 1.6
—1.2
-15
3 28.3
-0.8
1-7
—0.8
1.6
— I. I
— I.O
— 1.2
— 1.0
4 28.3
+0-3
1.6
+0-3
•■5
-0.6
-1.4
-0.6
-1.4
5 28.3
—2. I
1.4
—2.2
1.5
-2.3
—I. I
—2-3
— I. I
6 28.3
-0.5
'■7
-0.6
1-7
—0.2
-0.9
—0. 2
—0.8
7 28.3
-5-5
1.2
-4.5
1-3
-3-7
— 1.0
-39
— 1.0
8 28.3
-6.1
0-3
-6.1
0.4
-6.9
-1.4
-6.8
-1.4
9 28. 3
-4.9
0.6
-51
0.7
-4-7
— I. I
-4-5
— 1.0
10 28.3
—4.9
0.7
-4-5
0.7
-3.8
— I. I
-3-7
— I. I
II 28.3
-4.1
'•3
—4.2
1.4
—3-9
—0.8
-4.0
-0.9
-3-2
+ 1.2 -3.1
+ 1.2
-2.9
— 1.2
—2.9
— I. I
The close accord of these values for different parallaxes entitles them to confidence, and enables us to write the lunar-par-
allactic effect in the briefer form of Table XIV.
c
• —
p
u »
"^ V
-
3 1
y.
/
1-7
."ii
). (i
54
»-.i
55
>■'>
51
1.7
5'
!. fi
SJ
'•5
S>
i. S
4«
). I
52
)-4
52
)7
5«
>-7
4'J
fil8
TIIK LADY FKANKLIN HAY EXI'KDITION.
679
Tablk XI Vt — Tht change in the itmi-mtmualintervals ami lui^lils (orrespomiing to a c/i<tn,i,'f of \' in the lunar parallax.
IIiKh
wntur.
I.iiw wiilur.
llniir
Imniiil.
.1/
Ml
-1/
All
.1/'
,\/'
,1/'
,\r
h. m.
III.
/mill'!.
«/.
iHi-hfS.
O 2«. 1
37
1 1.2
3.f>
1-3
1 28. i
-2.4
) "•2
2.0
1. 2
2 28. '\
'-.3
1 1.4
— 1.2
•5
.3 28. :,
-0.8
( i.r,
— 1. 2
1.0
4 2«. .1
t-o- .1
l-«-5
-0. f.
14
5 28. J
-2. I
♦ '-5
-2.3
1. 1
6 28. \
0. f.
+ '•7
- -0. 2
0. (,
7 28. J
50
M 2
3.«
I.O
H ;'8. ^
6.1
(0.4
6.8
1.4
9 28. 3
50
10.7
-4.6
— I.I
lo 28. 3
4.7
fo.7
-3-7
-1. I
II 28.3
-4.2
1 ••4
-3-9
-0.9
-3'
1 I. a
- 2.9
- 1. 1
Here ^ — -j__ and ^j i,= />_ /< > 'i- Hu P\ being the interval, h'.-ight, ami [mrallax of tlie semi-mensual inequality
ilcrived from all the observations, or the middle division of Tables XI and XFl.
These give the formulae
r)/
/=A+a/-<^-^'^
For the non-periodical part of the lunar-parallactic effect upon the intervals and heights we have —
For high water ;
For low water :
/=/.-3.i"' (/'-.??')
/=/,-2.<,-(/'-S7')
//=//,4. 1.2 '"■•'"■•(/'- 57')
//=//,- 1.1 '"'■'"•- (-^-57')
that is, an increase of i' in the 1 arallax decreases the mean establishment for both high and low water by about 3"", increase
the height of high water 1.2 inches, decreases the height of low water i.i inches, and hence increases the range 2.3 inches.
Recurring to Tables XI and XII we see that the /fr/W/Vrt/ range of the interval decreases 4.1'" for both high and low water for
I ' increase of parallax. All these results are in accord with theory. The periodical range of the height, on the contrary,
seems slightly increased by an increase of i' in the parallax (o. i inch for high and o 6 inch for low water), which is contrary to
what the theory of the superposition of small waves would lead us to expect. The values are too small, however, to entitle
them to be regarded as an exception.
EFFECT OF VARIATION.S IN THE LUNAR DECI.INATION UPON THE SEMI-MENSUAL INEQUALITY.
The moon's declination for noon of each day having been entered in tlu- next to the last column of Table V, a distribu-
tion of the lunitidal intervals and heights according to the double argument, declination and phase (the ileclination taken without
regard to sign) was now made in the manner of the preceding investigation for [larallactic effect, and as there, and for like
reason, the intervals and heights were associated with the declinations of the preceding day. The result of a distribution into
six groups is presented in Tables XV and XVI.
ObO
TllL liADV
FKANKlilN ItAY UXt'EiJlTIO^.
»
Table W,— 'Effect of vatiations in lunar dtduutlion upon the seml-memual inequality of liiy^h water.
Decli lint ion u" to 5°.
No. of obser-
vations. 1
Declination 5
.1" til ID.O".
I 111 lin.ilii'ii 111 \" lo 14.4°.
Li
1 i
i
i
//. ///.
•a
1
Height.
Dedinati
//. III.
1
s
//. III.
1
huhti.
\
1.1
H
1
6
X
Inches.
1
1
6 5
"A
Inches.
e
e
//. M.
h.
IH.
0
o 27.6
12 00.8
79-4
30
19
0 27.7
II 50.4
82.9
7-4
<5
0 25. 8
II
59. 3
79. 1 1 12.3
30
■ r-^)
' I 39. 3
82.4
\.l
16
1 28.5
1" .594
8,. 4
7-7
33
I 25.7
II
.W.8
81.5 1 13.7
16
2 26.4
n 24.5
78.8
•4
2 32.9
II 12.8
80.8
7.7
"9
2 28. 0
1 1
09. I
76.5 1 13.9
30
.! 27-5
II 01.3
7b. 3
3.8
'5
3 3-'. 4
10 573
75.4
8.4
16
3 32.8
10
57-2
73.6 1 12.6
'7
•t 24- 5
10 44. 8
70.1
3»
17
4 30. (.
10 51.5
69. 0
7.5
13
4 28.4
10
49.0
71. I
12. 3
18
i 5 24.6
10 4''. 3
62.8
2.3
19
5 30.6
"o ,i8.3
f>5.'
7-4
10
5 27.4
10
44.7
61.0
12.3
32
6 24. S
II 10.0
to. 7
2.6
20
<> 32.5
II 15.1
55.7
7.7
19
6 26. 1)
10
55. 0
57-4
13.3
16
7 25- 7
«2 03. S
60.3
2.5
19
7 30. 4
13 03.7
.5«.7
7.7
32
7 24.5
II
.39. 7
56.9
12.6
"7
8 31.1
12 34.1
62.7
2.5
•9
8 21.5
'2 37.9
()2.0
7.9
21
8 29.3
12
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9 27.6
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69. 8
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10 .55. 2
'2 34-7
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2-5
18
10 2(>. 4
12 19.0
74.0
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10 28. 0
12
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7.3.3
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20
II 32.9
.2 .3.2
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1 1 24. 6
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78.9
7.4
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II 29.2
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13,3 ; 78.0
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II 524.9
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344.5
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850.7
91.7
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7>5
2.6
28. 7
II 41.0
70.9
7.6
27.8
II
36.1
70,3 12.4
1
1
declination 14.5° to 17,7°.
H
1
Declination 1;
//. III.
.8° to 20.0°.
W> •!-•
Declin
*
ation 20.1° to 23.0°.
V. ■£
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A
B
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59.4
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8 31.0
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19
9 27.0
12 27.9
66.4
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9 29.6
12 29.0
67.9
18.7
15
9 39.8
12
16. 9 68. 4
20.8
20
10 31.2
12 23.7
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828.6
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215
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69.9 16.2
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69. 1
19. 0
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21. 8 i 69. 7 21. 1
ao
|6
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17
18
22
16
17
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30
20
22
18
18
'7
"7
17
•9
20
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19
20
16
17
2'S
TMK LAUY rUANKI-IN HAY K\ I'KIHTloN.
I'aule X.V l.—/'f//ii/ uJ variatwns in lunar lUxliiMtion upon llu- iiHn-mcnmal tiiiiiiuiltly oj low whId,
fim
Ilccliiiatiuii 11" 111 5".
Dccliiialion 5.1° Id in.o".
Ilecliiialiiiti 10.1° III 14.4"
^
H
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m.
0
JO. 4
I
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2
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J
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57
29
26. o
48.7
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26. 9
17 656.8
17 54.7
2
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6.4
72
'3'
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27.1
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19.9
16. I
14.9
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181. 2
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25
310
3.6
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159
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13
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30 3
25.9
92.4
7-7
217
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18
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17
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5
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14.6
12.9
12.6
21.7
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35.9
34.6
36.9
12. 2
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12. 1
17.2
12.8
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12. t
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17
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19
31
20
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17 585- 4
17 48.8
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16.9
148.8
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333
Declination 14.5' to 17.7°
//.
o
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
II
m.
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28.3
28.0
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12
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Declination 17.8" to 20.o».
5J
0
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17 40.5
filches.
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19. I
8. I
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22.9
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234-7
22S.0
19. 6
19.0
24
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24
22
25
21
18
•9
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14
•9
•9
Declination ao.i" *i 33.0*.
•a
I
//.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
II
30.3
28.8
27-9
26. 4
23-9
23-5
26.6
25-7
30.2
30-J
27-3
28.7
/(.
>7
17
16
16
16
16
16
•7
18
18
18
18
m.
46.
25-
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47-
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54-5
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29.4
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25-3
03.2
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9.2
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12.6
16.6
20. s
29
36
34
29
23
16
12
20.9
20. 9
21. I
21.0
21. I
21-3
21. o
21.0
21.0
20.9
21. I
21. I
O >
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16
20
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17
17
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20
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22
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241
32') 4
27.4
'7 393-2
17 32.8
251. I
20.9
[253.4
21.0
217
Putti'ig ' , /„ //„ for the mean declination, Uinitidal inturv.il. an 1 heij^ht in Table VII, and comparing with the like (|iian-
litie- . Tajl ;. .\.V an 1 XVI, wj shall have fir the non-periotlical jiart of these tables the formula; :
High water:
/-/„,= 1.7"'+ 168'" (sin-.5,„-sin'(5)
Low water: f
/-y„=i.7"'+i64'» (sin»a,,-sin»3)
//-/;„.=o.3i"+i5.6(sin2.5„-sin'<5)
/(-//„r=-o.5"'-4,;.7 sin'-J^-sin^a)
The presence of a constant term indicates that the mean lunii I'al intervals and hei,.h' , in Table VII do not exactly cor-
respond to the mean declinations in that table, owing to the non-hn' 1 ch.iracier ■>! \.W -elation; also, since the station lies
only 8° 16' from the terrestrial pole, the equators of the lunar and oUr tidal spheroids will fall south of the station whi.n the
682
TUE LADY FRANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
soutli declinations of those bodies an: in excess of 8° i6', giving rise to complexity and want of symmetry not felt at stations
in middle latitudes. Perhaps this fact should liave been taken into consideration in the preceiling distribution into declination
groups.
The failure of the periodical part of Tables XV and XVI to satisfy the formula
/_/„-(sin^rt\.-sinM) (//-f //sin 2 (<y>-/?)^*
was so marked that it could serve no useful ])ur|)ose to ])ublish the tables of residuals. 'I'liis was probably due in large
measure to the fact that the periodical values of Tables XV and XVI depend upon only a few observations and are not free
from incidental irregularities.
mvESTiGA rroN of the diurnal inequality.
At Fort Conger there occur on the average two high and two low water? eich mean lunar day. Usually, however, the
two high waters are of unei|ual height, and divide the twenty-four lunar hours into une(iual parts, and the like is true of the two
low waters. This disparity of times and heights is observed to characterizj the semi-diurnal tides in almost all parts of the
world, and is known as the diurnal ineipiality. Some of its laws are obvious. For example, s"p[)ose the successive semi-diurnal
liigh waters at a station to be numbered i, 2, 3, etc., then observation shows that for about half a tropical or declination month
the odd tides are higher than the even, followed by the rven higher than the odd fo.' an cjual period, and so on alternately,
tiie disparity in height tUictuating gradually, and with more or less regularity, between its extreme limits, its complete cycle
a declination month. In like manner it will be found that for about half a ileclination month at a time the even follow the odd
tides at an interval less than twel. : lunar hours, then for a like period at r.n interval greater than twelve lunar hours, and so
on alternately. The phenomenon is c>s pronounced in the case of low a<'. in that of high waters, and follows like laws.
Observation having shown that the diurnal inequality runs thrjugh a complete cycle in a period usually not differing
materially from a declination month the phenomenon is sujiposed ;;o depend principally upon the varying declination of the
moon, and in expository writings not purely analytical is ascribed to a conseciuent oscillation in latitude of the poles of the
lunar tidal spheroid. This explanation may suffice for the diurnal inequality of high water, both in time and height, but the
writer is unable to perceive that it makes the slightest advancf; toward accounting for the equally well established diurnal
inequality in low water.
To separate the wave causing the diurnal inequality fro'n the semi-diurnal wave the method adopted was a graphical
process devised by the late Assistant L. F, Pourtales of the- U. S. Coast Survey.! The hourly observations were laid down
upon profile paper to convenient scale, as far as they extended, followed by the observed high and low waters to the end of
the series, and the continuous curve drawn in with a free hand. A tracing in ink havmg been taken the traced curve was
shifted forward in epoch twelve mean lunar hours and a mean curve run in with a pencil; the traced curve was then shifted
backward from its first position twelve mean lunar hours and a second mean curve run in with pencil; and, finally, the mean
of the two iiencil curves was run in with ink (of another color) and taken as the serai-diurnal wave, the difference between the
two ink curves as the superposed wave causing the diurnal inequality.
The methotl of Pourtales, though laborious, is presumably not more so than the numerical methods hitherto devised, and
in ])oint of precision it suffices, as proved in this reduction, to bring out distinctly a ([uantity amounting in the maximum to
only a few inches, using a scale of 1-20. The adoption of a larger scale would readily raise the [jtecision of the method to
equality with that of obseivations of standard excellence made under the most favorable circumstances. The method
possesses the signal advantage of bringing out i\\t physica/ fact, unaffected by the preconceived theories of the investi_i:;ator, a matter
of some importance in tlealing with tidal observations, where a numerical analysis, based upon a misconception of the period
or nature of a phenomenon, might result in values depending for their appearance upon imperfect elimination. Where the
series is long enough to complete the elimination the null result would put the computer upon inquiry, but even in this case the
loss of labor is well worthy of consideration.
Plate I cxhii)its a specimen of the results obtained by an application of Pourtales's method to the Fort Conger series, the
minor irregularities of the curves being omitted. 'I'he exam[)le was chosen to exhibit the diurnal wave at a time when the
sun's declination is large. It is s^en that the solar effect ujjon the heigiits is fully eq.ial to the lunar, and that the period of
*Whe\vell, I'liil. Trans., 1S34, ]). 40.
t'rhis method wa.s liist inililislicil liy AssislaiU Cliarlus A. Schott, of tlie U. S. Coasl Survey, in hi.s tli.scussioii cf Dr. Kane's lidal oliservations .it
Van Renssilacr Harlior (Sn\itlisonian (!ontrilmtions to Knowled^t., Vol. XIII). Mr. Sclioit again made ii.se of the method in his discussion of Dr.
Hayes's tidal observations at Port I'oulke (Sm thsonian Contriljutiois, Vol. .W). In the present clisciission tliese two memoirs l)y Mr. Sc'iolt have heen
freely consulted, ''he reader is here referred to them for much v.'.luahle information on tidal theory ar.d phenomena not ct ntained in these pages.
■■'!
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
683
the diurnal wave, instead of oscillating about a mean lupnr day, is approximately a solar day. There is, indeed, during the
calendar month represented in the plate a tendency on tne part of the iliurnal wave to out-run the sun, high water coming
ahmg somewhat earlier from day to day.*
On proceeding to read and tabulate the high and low waters of the diurnal ineciuality wave it was found that the first
year only of the series was well fitted for the pur[)ose, tiie free-hand continuous curve through the observed high and low
waters of the second year not conforming with sulhcient precision to the law of the wave. The readings of the diurnal
ineejuality wave from August 21, i88t, to August 25, 1882, are given in Table XVIL The times of higli and low water being
much more indeterminate than the times when the wave vanishes the curve was read for high and low water at [joints midway
between the nodes or points of no wave. This probably displaces in some degree the times of higli and low water and
diminishes the range.
The readings have also been partially freed from incidental irregularities by two ap|)licati()ns of the method of successive
means, or the numerical bisection of chords. Wherever the hour is affected with the minus sign the (luantity must be sub-
tracted from 24'', and one day from the date, in order to obtain the epoch in the usual notation. Thus the tabular time of low
water, 1882, June i, —10.9'', is 1882, May 31, 13.1'' after midnight in the ordinary reckoning. The iieights are measured
from the surface of the semidiurnal wave.
Table XVII. — Times and heights of
///j,'// aiK
/ h'w diunuil fiiir
atcr.
1^ ....
llighv
High,
vrtter. j
l.DW water. [
1
Dntf.
1 iig]i \
vatci".
I ,i)\V w
v:Uc,r.
1 .1 1 ,v «
.Uur.
1 talo.
Time.
Height.
Time.
Height.
Time.
Height. '
Indies.
Tliiif.
1
Hoight.^
/lll/llS.
1 '.1' t-.
Time.
HcIkM.
Time.
Height.
fiii/irs.
1881.
//.
liuht-s.
//.
/«,/vi.
1
1 881. 1 //.
iSSi.
/lh/„S. h.
Aug. 21
•f23-S
i S'3
.Sept. 28
+ >7-3 !
-t-6.0
+ 5-3
-3-5
Nov. 5
(-•4-»
+.i-7
4- 2,0
2. 5
22
+ 23-5
4-3-3
"\\\'.'{
-3-5
29
+ 18-3
+ 5-5
-f- 6.1
-3-5
()
+ •4-5
+4- 3 1
-1- 2. 1
3-5
23
t 23. 1
+3-0
+ >i-S
-3-5
30
+ >8-9
+3-7
4 6.7
-4-5
7
+ •5-3
+5-0 i
+ 2.81
-50
24
+ 22.5
+ 2.5
I-I0.9
-3-0
Oct. I
+ '9-7
+ 3-3
+ 7-5
-4-5
8
f 16. 1
+4-5
+ 3-7
-4-7
25
+ 2I-9
+ 1-5
-|-10. I
-2.3
2
+ 20.3
+3-5 1
+ 8.5
-3-5
9
f 16-5
+4-0
+ 4-3
- 4- 3
26
J 21.6
-fo.7
+ 9-2
—2. 0
3
+20. 7
+3-0
+ 8-5
-30
10
+ •<>. 3
+4-3
+ 4-5
5.0
27
-1-21. S
-♦-0.3
+ 9-3
—2.0
4
+-"--• 9
+ •-7
+ 8.5
-2-5
11
-I-15.9
+4-3
+ 4-3
-5-7
28
+ 21.3
-fo.3
+ 9-4
-'■7
5
+ «9-9
+0-7
+ 8.4
-2-5
12
+ •5-7
+3-5
+ 4-^
5-3
29
+ 20.9
+ »-3
+ 8-9
-2.5
6
+ '7-9
+ 0.3
+ 6.8
-4-5 •
«3
f^5 5
+3-0
■\- 3- 7
-4.0
30
-f 20.4
+ 2-5
+ 8-7
-3-0
7
+ 16.6
+0.3
+ 5-4
-5-0
•4
+ •5-0
^l-l
+ 3-3
—4.0
.?'
+ '9-7
+ 3-0
+ 8.3
-3-0 I
8
+ 15-9
+ •-7
+ 4-5
-3.0 .
•5
1-14-9
+3-7
+ 2.8
-4-5
Se;it. I
H9-7
+ 3-3
+ 7-8
--3-3 1
9
+ 15-7
+ 2-7
+ 3-7
-2.0
16
i '4-5
+.V7
+ 2.7
—4-5
2
-f 20. 6
+3-S
+ 8.3
-3-5
10
+ •5-9
-13-5
+ 3-5
-2.5
•7
1 14-2
+3-3
+ 2.3
-3-7
3
4-21.9
+3-5
+ 9-S
-35
II
+ 16.2
+ 5-3
+ 4-0
4-3
18
i 14- '
+3-5
+ 2.1
-3-0
4
-1-22.9
+3-7
+ 10.6
-3-7
12
+ •6.5
+5.5
+ 4-5
-4-7
•9
1-13-9
-F4-7
+ '-9
3-7
S
-f23-2
+4-0
+ 11.4
-3- 7
•3
+ 16.7
+4-7
-1- 4- 5
-3- 3
20
+ •3-8
+5-3
+ •■7
—4-3
6
+ 22.8
+3-7
-fu.i
—4.0
14
+ >7-7
+3-7
+ 5-0
-30
21
r'4-3
+4-5
+ 2.1
—4. 0
7
f22.3
+3-0
+ 'o-3
4-5
«5
+ 18-9
+3-0
+ 6. 3
-3-5
22
: 15.1
+3-5
+ 2.7
-4-7
8
-f22.3
-f2.0
+ IO-3
-3-5
16
+ «9-5
+ 2-7
+ 7-5
-3-0
23''
! •5-7
+3-5
+ .3-5
-53
9
-f22. I
+ I-S
+ 10.2
—2.5
•7
+ 19.8
+2-3
+ 7-9
-2-3
24
+ '5-8
+4.3
+ 3-8
—3-7
10
-)-2I.2
+ 1-7
+ 9-5
-3- 3
18
+ 18.7
+ •■7
1- 7- 2
—2.0
25
( 15.6
+4.0
+ 3-4
—3.0
II
4 20. 1
-+-2.0
+ 8.7
-■4-3
19
+ 17-6
+ •■5
-i- 5-9
-2-7
26
+ '5-6
+4-3
-1- 3-6
-4-3
12
-f-19. 1
+2.0
+ 7-5
-4-3
20
+ I7-3
+ ••7
+ 5-4
-3-5
27
l-'5-5
+ 5- 7
+ 3-9
-5-3
•3
+ >8-5
+ 2-5
+ 6.7
-3-7
21
+ 16.4
+2.3
+ 4-9
-3-3
28
+ •4-9
+5-5
+ 3-4
-5-3
14
+ 18.5
+3-5
+ 6.5
-3-5
22
+ 15- '
+3-0
+ 3-9
-30
29
+ •3-9
+3-3
4- 2.7
-3-7
•5
+ 18.9
+4-0
f 6.6
-3-7
23
+ 14.4
+4-0
+ 2.7
-2.7
30
+ •3-7
+3-0
+ 1.8
-2.5
16
+ I9-3
+3-7
+ 7-1
-3-7
24
+ 14-7
-f4-5
■f 2.4
-2-5
Dec. I
t.3-8
+4-0
4. 1.5
—3-0
'7
-t-20. 0
+3-0
-f 8.0
-3-3
25
+ '5-3
+4-5
\- 2.9
-2-5
2
+ •3-9
+2-5
+ 1.8
-3-3
18
1 20. 7
+ 2.5
+ 8.7
-3-0
26
+ 15-9
+ 4-7
+ 3-5
-2.7
3
(-•3-9
+ 2.0
+ '-9
-2. 7
•9
+20.6
+2.5
+ 9-1
-2.7
27
4-16.4
+ 5-0
+ 4-^
-3-3
4
+ •3-7
+4-7
+ J-?
—3-7
20
-1-20. S
+ 2.3
1- 8. 9
—2-3
28
-1-16.8
(4-7
-t- 4 7
-4.0
5
+ >3-9
4-6. 0
+ 1-9
-5-3
21
-t 20. 5
+ 1-5
+ 8.,
-1-7
29
+ 17-1
+4-3
-t- 4. 9
4-5
6
(-14.0
+5.0
+ •■g
-5-0
22
+ «9-5
+0.3
+ 7- 5
>-3
30
-f-16.7
+ 3-7
-f- 4. 7
—4.0
7
1 14-2
+5-0
4 1.9
-4-5
23
-1 '7-7
—0.3
f 6.0
'5
31
+ •6-3
+3-5
+ 4- 5
3-7
8
-t '5'
+5-3
+ 2.7
-4.3
24
+ l6.g
+ 1.0
+ S-J
2.7
Nov. 1
+ •6.5
+3- 5
-f- 4- 7
-5-0
9
-^•5■9
+4-0
+ 3-5
- 3- 7
25
-f 16. 9
+2.5
+ S-o
-3-7
2
+ •5-7
+ 3- 3
-!- 4- 2
-5-5
10
-f-14-1
+30
^- 3-^
-3 5
26
+ 16.9
+3-3
+ 4. 7
-4-3
3
+ •4-5
+ 3-5
+ 3- •
-4.0
II
-1-12.9
+ 3- 3
1- 1.4
-30
27
+ 17.1
+4-5
+ 4-7
-4-3
4
+ •4-2
+40
+ 2-3
-2.7
12
•112.7
-1-3- 5
+ 0.3
-2. 5
*Whewell, Phil. Trans., 1837, p. 227. "The diurnal inecjuality of the height of high and low water ni.iy be conceived to arise from an oscil
lating wave, of which tlie niaNininni heiglit conies to eacli place once in twenty-four (hmar) Imurs." Tliis notion seems to have lieen propagated
through tidal literature even to our own times. Mr. H.aughton seems to regaril the diurnal ine(|uality as due to two waves, the one coming rounil once
each lunar, the other once each solar day. See I'hil. Trans , 1863, \i\i. 243-251;, 1875, PP> 33'-353'
684
II
m
THK LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table XVII. — Times and heights of high and low diurnal tide — Continued.
IJ.ltl-.
High
water.
Low water.
Date,
High
water.
Low water.
Dale.
High
vater.
Low water.
Time.
Height.
Time.
Height.!
Time.
Height.
Time.
Height.
Time.
Height.
Time.
Height.
Inches.
I88I.
/;.
Iiuliis.
//.
Iiii/ies.
1882.
//.
In flies.
h.
Inches.
1882.
h.
Inches. \
Dec. \\
t I3-3
r3.5
-I I. I
-2.7
Feb. 16
4-12.3
4-3-5
— 0. I
—3-5
Apr. 23
-f 3-8
+4.5 1
- 8.5
-3-0
'4
f I3-9
+3-0
4- 1-9
-2.5
•7
+ 12. I
4-2.7
+ o.S
—2.0
24
4-4.6
+3.7 I
- 7.9
—4-S
'5
14. I
+2.3
4- 2.1
-2.3 1
18
4-«i-3
+4.0
+ 0.3
—2.0
25
+ 4.5
+3.0
- 7.7
—4.0
ID
"35
;-2-5
-1- 1.8
-3- 0
«9
+ 10.3
4-2.7
— 1. 1
-2-5
26
4-4.2
+2.3
— 7.9
—3.0
«7
,12.0
r4- J
; 0.7
4.0
20
-r 9-0
to. 5
3.2
-«.7
27
4-4.6
+ 1.7
- 7-5
—2.7
18
+ 11. 4
+5.0
- 0-5
-4-7
21
-1-8.8
4 "-3
- 3-9
-•5
28
+ 4-7
+ 1.7
- 7.4
— 2.0
19
+ 12.5
-t-3-7
- 0.3
-5-3
22
4- 9-0
4-0.3
- 3.1
-2-7
29
+ 3.7
4-2.0
- 7. 7
—2.3
20
413-9
+ 3-3
4- >-3
-6.3
23
4- 9-0
40 3
- 2.9
-3-3
30
+ 2.3
+ 2.3
-8.5
-3-3
21
^'45
+3-3
■t- 2.4
-7.0
24
+ 8.8
4-1-5-
— 2.9
—2.7
May .
+ 1.3
-f2.3
—10. I
-3.0
22
+ 14. I
+4.0
t 2.3
-6-3
25
-f 8.7
4-4- 0
— 3-'
—3-7
2
+ '.2
4-1.5
—II. I
—2.5
23
-(-I3-4
-4-7
+ ••7
-5.0
26
4- 9-5
4-5-5
- 2.7
-5-3
3
4-2.0
4-1.0
-10.5
— 2.0
24
H3<'
+4.0
-t- 1-5
-4-3
27
4- 9-9
4-4-7
— 2.0
-4.0
4
+ 2.7
4-'.5
— 9-7
-2.5
25
•H3.8
+4.0
+ 2. 0
-4-3
28
4-10.0
4-4-3
— 2.1
-2-5
5
+ 3.'
+3.0
— 9.2
~l'5
26
+ 13-7
t-4-3
r "-9
-4.0
Mar. I
4-«i-3
4-4-3
— «.9
-2.7
6
\- 3.5
+4.3
-8.9
—8.0
27
+ 14. I
I-4- 0
4- 1.7
—3-3
2
4-12-9
4-3-3
— 0. I
-2.3
7
-f 3-8
-1-4.0
- 8.3
-7.3
28
+ 14-3
+4-3
4- 2.1
-3.5
3
4-13-7
4-2-5
+ 1.5
-•-5
8
-f 4-1
+3.3
— 7.9
-5.3
29
+ I3-9
+5-0
4- 1.7
-3-5
4
4-13- I
-1-2.0
+ 1.7
-«.5
9
4- 4-S
+3- 5
- 7-5
-4.3
30
+ «30
+4-7
4-0.9
-3-0
5
+ 11. 2
+ 1-3
+ 0.5
-0.7
10
-h 4-8
+3-5
- 7-3
- 3- S
„ 3«
rI3-9
-t-3-5
+ i-S
—2.7
6
+ 8.5
4->-5
— 2. I
-0.5
II
4-4-4
+ 2-7
- 7-3
-3.0
1882.
7
-1-7.0
4-1.5
— 4-7
—1-5
12
+ 3-8
4-2.7
— 8.1
-3-3
Jan. I
.4.6
-33
4- 2.5
-2.7
8
4-7-4
+ 1-3
— 4-9
—2.0
'3
+ 3-0
4-2.7
— 8.8
—3.3
2
• ■40
^3.5
4- 2.4
—30
9
4- 7-7
-^2.3
— 4.1
-2-5
14
+ 1-9
+2.7
- 9-5
-3.0
3
-t->3-7
+ 3-7
+ 1.8
-30
10
-H 7-3
4-2.7
— 4-7
-3- 3
15
+ 1-7
4-4.0
-10.3
-3.7
4
+ 12.0
+ 6.0
4- '-9
-5.0
II
4-7-4
4-2. s
— 5.0
—3-3
16
4- 1-2
+6.3
— lO.O
-4.5
5
+ 13-6
+8.0
-f 2.5
-4-5
12
4- 7-1
+2.5
— 4-7
-3-7
•7
+ 1-2
4-8.0
- 9.5
- 5.0
6
+ 14-5
+5-7
4-3-0
-6-5
13
4- 7.1
+2.5
— 4.9
-4-5
18
+ 3-J
+7.7
— 9.1
"S- 3
7
+ 14.4
-h4.5
4- 2.5
-3-7
14
4-8.3
+3.5
— 4.2
—3-7
19
+ 3-7
+6.3
— 8.6
-4.5
8
+ 14.6
+3.7
-f 2.5
-4.0
IS
+ 9-5
+4.5
— 2.9
—2-7
20
+ 3-8
+5.0
— 8.1
-4.5
9
+ •4.3
+2.3
4- 2.S
-2.7
16
4-9-6
+3-5
— 2.2
—2.0
21
+ 3-5
+4.7
- 8.2
-4.7
10
+ 14-5
+ 1-7
4-2.7
-'•3
«7
4- 9-5
+2-5
— 2.2
-'-5
22
+ 3-2
4-5.0
- 8.8
-4.3
It
-f 14-5
4-3.0
4- 2.7
-2.3
18
-1- 9.9
+2.5
- 2.5
-'•5
23
4-2.9
+3.7
-8.9
-3-5
12
-1-M-3
4-4-0
4- 1-9
-3-5
«9
4- 9-5
+ 1.7
- 2.4
—'-5
24
+ 2-7
4-2.0
— 9.2
—2.7
«3
+ 11.7
+4.0
+ 0.1
-3-5
20
' 7-8
+0-5
— 3-3
-•-5
25
+ 2.7
+ '.7
— 9.5
-2.7
14
+ 11. I
4-4-7
— 1-3
-4 3
21
-r 5.7
+0.3
- 5-3
-'-7
26
+ 2.7
+2.3
- 9.4
-3.0
'5
+ I2.5
+6.0
— 0.4
—6.0
22
+ 4-7
+ 1.0
-6.7
-1-7
27
+ 1-9
+2.7
— 9-5
-2.7
16
+ 13-7
-1-6.7
4- I --3
-6.5
23
4- 5-7
+ 1-5
-6.9
—0.7
28
+ 1.2
+3-3
-10.3
-2.7
17
-'•,5.5
+8.0
+ 1-7
-6.3
24
4- 6.9
+2.0
— 5-6
—0.3
29
4-0.9
4-4.0
—II. 1
-3-5
i8
• 13-5
4-8.5
4- 1-5
-7-5 '
25
4- 7-1
+3-5
- 4-7
—1-7
30
4-0.6
+S.0
-"-3
4.3
'9
- 13-9
+6.3
4 t-9
-7-5
26
-H 6.8
+4-0
- 5-«
-3-5
31
4-0.9
4-6.0
— II. I
-4.7
20
+ 13.8
4-4.3
-t- 1-9
-5-5
27
4-6.5
+3-0
- 5-5
-3-5
June I
+ 1.5
+6.5
— 10.9
-4.7
21
+ 14-0
4-3-5
4- 1-9
-4-7
28
4-6.9
+ 2.7
- 5-3
—3-0
2
1 2. 1
-1-5-7
-10.3
-5.0
22
■ 14.4
4-2.7
-f 2.2
-4-5
29
4- 7-3
+2.7
- 5.0
-2-3
3
4- 2.4
+S- 3
9.7
-6.3
23
• 14 5
-h3-o
+ 1.9
-3.0
30
+ 6.3
4 1-7
- 5-3
-•-3
4
-f 2.8
+5-7
2-5
—6.0
24
' '3-9
4-4-0
4- 2.3
-1-7
. 3'
4-5-9
+0.5
- 5-7
-0-5
5
-f- 3- 3
4-5-5
8.9
-4. 7
25
+ 12.0
■f4-o
+ 1.2
-1-7
Apr. !
+ 6.1
-f 0. 0
— 5-7
+0.3
6
4 3. 7
+4-7
- 8.2
-SO
26
f 10. 9
+3-7
- 0.5
-3-0
2
+ 6.3
-j-o. 0
- 5-8
-fo.5
7
+ 3.4
+4.5
- 8.7
-5.5
27
4-10.9
4-3-7
+ 1-5
-4-3
3
4 S.8
4-0.7
— 6.0
-0. 3
8
+ 2.5
4-4.0
-9.6
-5.0
28
f«i-3
-f5-o
+ 0.9
-4-3
4
4- 3-5
+2.0
— 7-4
-1-3
9
4- 1.6
+3.0
— 10. 2
-4-3
29
411. 4
4-6.5
4-0.3
-4-3 1
5
4- 1-9
+ 2-5
— 95
--1.5
10
+ 0.5
+ 2.3
-10.7
-3-3
30
+ 11. I
4-7-0
+ 0.7
—4.7
6
-f 2.6
+3-0
— 9.9
-'•7
II
4-0.4
+2-3
1 1. 7
-2-7
3'
: II. I
-t6.o
-f I.O
-4-5
7
' 3-9
+3-5
— 8.8
—2.0
12
-f 0.2
^3-3
—12. 1
~- 3- 3
Fel.. I
ri2. I
-h4.7
- 0.5
3-5
8
4-4-6
4 4-7
- 7-7
-3-0
"3
-r «. t
-4.3
"-3
- 3 3
2
+ 13-3
4-3-5
-t- 0.3
-.'• 3
9
4- 5-2
4-50
-6.9
-5-3
14
4 1.8
+4.7
10. 5
-3-7
3
M3-7
+i-3
-J I. 1
—4.0
10
4- 5-7
+4-7
-- 6.6
-5-7 '
•5
+ 2.0
4-6.0
- 10. 1
4-5
4
+ 14. I
-f3-o
+ 2. I
-i-i
II
-f 6.0
+4-7
- 6.3
—4.0
16
+ 2.1
4-8.0
-10. 0
-6.0
5
+ 13- S
-f2.7
+ 2.5
-••s
12
-f 6.2
-f-3-5
- 5-9
—3-0 ,
•7
+ 2.3
4-8.0
- 9-8
-7.5
0
r 12. I
42.7
4- I- I
-'-3
•3
+ 6.3
+ 2-5
- 5-9
-3.0
18
+ 2.5
4-6.0
- 9-4
-5-3
7
+ 10.9
2.5
- 0.8
-i.S
'4
4-6-3
+3-0
- 5-9
-3-3
19
+ 2.3
4-5.0
- 9. 5
-3-3
8
+ 10.5
-1-3- 3
- «-7
-2-3
«5
4- 5-5
+3-5
— 6.2
-3.5 '
20
+ 2.0
44.7
— 10. 0
4.0
9
f 11.3
4-4-3
" I. I
-3-i
16
4- 4-3
+3-7
-- 7.0
—3-1
21
+ 1-9
+4-5
10, I
4-5
10
+ 11.7
^3-7
— 0.4
-3-7
»7
4- 3-0
+3-7
— 8.1
-2.7
22
+ 2.1
+4-3
10. I
-4-3
u
1 10. 9
4-3.0
- 0.7
—3-7
18
4- 2.7
+3-7
- 9.1
-2.7
23
4-2.0
+3.5
9-9
-3.0
12
■l-IO. 2
'3-7
1.4
-4-S
'9
+ 3-2
4-4.3
-8.9
-4.0
24
4- 1.3
+3.3
- 10. I
—2.3
•3
4 10.2
• 4-7
'■7
-5-3
20
4- 3-6
4-4.0
— 8. 2
-4.3
25
f 0.7
+3.7
10.9
-3.5
14
+ 10. s
- 5- .S
- '5
-5-5
21
4- 3-9
+4.3
— 8.0
—2.7
26
+ 0.3
+3.7
-".5
— .
'5
11.5
■ 5.5
I. 0
-5.0
22
+ 3-7
+ S.O
-8.3
— 2.0
1
27
f 0.3
4-4.0
— 12. 1
-4.5
Height
Ittihes
-30
—4.5
—4.0
—3.0
-2.7
— 2.0
—2-3
~IZ
—30
-25
—2.0
-2-S
-5.5
—8.0
i ~7-3
-5-3
—4-3
-3-5
-30
-33
-3-3
-3.0
-3-7
-4-5
-S-o
~S-3
-4-S
-4-5
-4-7
-4-3
-3-5
-2.7
—2.7
-30
—2.7
-2-7
-35
-4- 3
-4-7
-4.7
—5.0
-6.3
-6.0
-4.7
^S.o
-l-l
-S-o
-4-3
-3-3
-2.7
—i-l
-ii
; -3-7
-45
-6.0
7-5
5-3
-3- 3
-4.0
-4-5
-4-3
-30
—2.3
-3-5
-4-S
THE LADY I'HANKLIN J?AY EXPEDITION.
Table XVII. — Times and liei)^hts of hi^h ivni low liiurnal tide — Continued.
(585
Date.
Hi;;!,
ivater.
1
Low water. '
IIi<;h
water.
1 .ow \\
1
alcr.
1 )ate.
Tim>!.
Hciijht.
Time.
i
Height.
1 Time.
Height.
Time.
Height.
l8,S2.
//.
liiihes.
//.
Inches.
I8S2.
//.
Inches.
//.
/«,/;,.>.
1 882.
June 28
+ 0.5
-I-4-7
-12. s
-S-5 ,
July
'9
-f- 1-5
1-2.3
~io. 0
-ii
Aug. 8
29
+ 0.3
-14.5
— 12. I
-6.3.
20
-h o- 3
+ 1-5
— II.O
-2-5
9
, . 30
+ 0.9
13-3
-II. 4
-5-3 1
21
- 0.3
+ >-3
-12- 5
-2.0 1
10
July I
+ 1.4
+ ••7
— 10.7
-3. 5 '
22
— >-3
+ 2.0
-•3-5
-.3-3 1
11
2
+ 2.3
-l-i.S
— 10. I
- 1.3
23
— 2. I
+ 2.7
-13-9
-3- 3
12
3
+ 2-3
+30
-9-7
-0.7
24
— 2.3
+3-5
— 14. 1
-3-3
'3
4
+ 1.8
+4.5
-10. 1
-2.7
25
— 1-7
+4-0
14.0
—4.0
>4
5
+ 2-5
+ 50
-10.3
—4.0
2b
— 1.2
+3-3
-•3-5
-3-5
'5
6
+ 4-3
+3-5
- 8. 9
-30
27
— 0.8
+ 1-7
-13.0
-2.7
16
7
+ 4-8
+ 1.0
-6.S
— '•3
28
— <-3
+ •-3
-^11
-2.3
17
8
+ 4-3
+0.5
-6.9
— 0-5
29
— 2. 0
+ '-5
-13-8
-1-5
18
9
+ 3- 7
+ ••3
- 7-7
-0.5
30
— 0-5
+ >-3
-13-1
-o-S
"9
10
+ 2.1
+ 2.0
- 9-2
-0-5
31
+ 1-7
■^-2.o
- II. 3
-0.7
20
II
+ 0.0
+ 2-3
— II. 6
—'•5 1
Aug.
I
+ 2.7
+2.;
- 9-9
-2-3
21
12
+ 0-5
+ 2.3
-12.7
-3-7
2
+ 2.5
+ 1-7
- 9-3
-2- 5
22
>3
+ 0.5
+ 3-0
— 12.0
-s-7 :
3
+ 2.1
+ 1.0
— 9-4
-1-5
23
'4
+ i-J
+ 2.3
-10.9
-S-7 !
4
+ 2.0
+ '-3
- 9-7
1.3
24
>s
4- 1.2
+ 1.0
-10.5
—4.0 1
5
+ 2.1
+ «-7
9-7
- »-5
25
16
-| 0. 0
+ 2.3
— II. 4
-2.7 1
6
-1- 2.4
+3-5
- 9-4
- 2. 0
'7
+ 0.3
-Vi-l
— 12. 2
-2-S
7
+ 0.9
+4-7
- - 9-9
-2.3
Means ._
18
+ '-5
+ 2.7
-10.9
—2-7
//.
Inches.
- 2. I
1-3.5
— 2.7
+3-0
- '-S
+4-5
— 0. 9
+7-0
— 0.6
-1-4-7
- o.s
~o. 3
- 0-7
+1-5
- o.s
•t-4- 7
— 0.0
+4-3
— 0.0
+ 3-3
- 0-5
+ 2-5
- 0.8
-0-3
— 0.9
-3-0
— 1-3
2-3
1.7
40. S
— 0. 5
12.3
+ "-5
42.S
1- '-I
+3- 3
1 .(IW w
Iter.
Time.
1
Height.
1
Inches.
12.9
2.0
-15-4
^■S
14.4
2-3
13.0
3-7
--'2-7
4.0
■2-5
-I. I
-12.5
|o. 1
■2.5
-1-7
'2-3
-3-5
— 12.0
—3-5
-«2.3
—3-0
-12.7
—2.0
-12.8
— I.O
-12.9
—0.0
1 -«.V5
-0.0
-'Xh
>"3
2-5
\ I*- 3
-3-0
1
1
-3-34
-I 3-.^4
The tendency e.xhibited by the diurnal inequaUty wave in Plate I to out-run tlie sun is confirmed by Table XVII, where
the mean period is seen to be about a sidereal day, that is, in 365 solar days there occur 366 high and j;66 low tliuriial
inequality tides, high water oscillating about the sidereal epoch 19'' 36.1"', low water about the sidereal epoch 7'' 36.1'", This
appears more clearly from an inspection of fig. i, Plate II, where the initial points of the civil days have been taken on the
a.xis of abscissas at intervals of a millimeter, the mean solar hour of high and low diurnal inetjuality tide for each day laid off
as ordinates, and the sidereal epochs, 19'' 36.1"', 7'' 36.1"', as oblique a.xes. It has also been found from further readings of the
diurnal inequality curve that 27 high waters between June 4 and 30, 1883, arrived at tiines ranging fioii'! 16.9'' to 22.2'' side-
real time, the mean epoch being 19'' 29™-
The theory that the diurnal inequality is caused by a tide that comes along on an average once each lunar day is thus
seen not to be true at Fort Conger. Nor is it true at Polaris Bay, Van Rensselaer Harbor, or Port Foulke, as an examination
of the reductions for those stations shows. The breaking away from lunar time was brought out by Pnurtales's method in Mr.
Schott's reduction of the Port Foulke tides and did not fail to fix his attention. He remarks, page i6o; "The epoch of the
diurnal wave a|ipears to remain sensibly the same during the twenty days for whicii it has been brought out, that is to say, its
high water apjiears to occur at noon, and consecjuently its low water at midnight; the variations from these hours are confined
within an hour before or after. The Van Rensselaer Harbor tides afforded but a bare glimpse at the diurnal tide which
occurred between October 30 and November 22, 1853; there also its high water ap[)eared to hang about the lu)iirs two or
three after noon, and its low water the same number of hours after midnight; but as theory points out a different relation than
that of solar time, and ionscqiicntly a gmdital sloui shifting from the iolar hours, and as our series is too short to show its con-
formity or non-conformity therewith, we are compelled to leave this interesting branch of the discussion."
Reading the diurnal inequality tide from Plate III, accompanying Mr. Schott's reduction of the Port Foulke tidal observa-
tions, we have as the mean from 20 high and 20 low waters between November 21 and December 10, i860, 17. i'' for the
sidereal tiine of high water on November 30. From the corresponding plate at Van Rensselaer Harbor 24 high and 24 low
waters, -between October 30 and November 22, 1853, give 18.4'' as the sidereal time of high w.iter of the diurnal ineipiality
tide on November 10. The mean establishment at Van Rensselaer exceeds that at Port Foulke by o.V- .\ssiiming the same
velocity of propogation for the diurnal wave this would bring the Port Foulke diurnal high water to \'an Rensselaer at 17.5"
sidereal time on Nnvember 30, i860. On November 10, 1853, it arrived at the sidereal hour 18.4''. The inference that the
period of the diurnal inei|ualily wave does not differ materially from a sidereal day in the neighborhood of these stations
seems a just one. The assunifition of a mean solar day would give the outstanding residual more tlian twice as great, while
a period ai)pro\iinatiiig to a liii>ar day is very improbable.
! ; I
• I
!•. it!
^;J
686
TUE LADY FliANKLlN BAY EXPEDITION.
This characteristic of the diurnal inequality wave is not noticed in the reduction of the seven-month series at Polaris Hay,*
luit fortunately the method of Pourtales liaving been employeil and two examples given in the plates, we have to hand the data
from which to establish its existence. From 8 readings of high and 8 of low water between January i and 8, 1872, i^ of high
and 15 of low between May 22 and June 6, following, it appears that the high water of the diurnal inecjuality wave arrived
at I'olaris Day January 4 at 23.3'' and on May 29 at 21.7'' sidereal time. The probability that the period of tiiis wave differs
materially from a sidereal day is very slight.
i'he inference from these facts is that from Smith Sound to Robeson Channel the mean periotl of the diurnal inequality
wave is practically, if not i)recisely, a sidereal day.t
The range of the diurnal inequality wave at Fort Conger is small, the mean of 370 high waters rising 3 34 inches above
and the mean of 369 low waters falling ^.;^\ inches below llu; surface of the semi-diurnal wave. The mean range of the semi-
diurnal tide may be taken as approximately 49 inches. Hence the ranges of the two components are to each other as 6.68 to
49, or as I to jyi nearly. At Fort Foulke these ranges were to each other nearly as 1 to 2"/j. The disparity of these ratios
is worthy of attention.
To tletermine the respective influences of the moon and sun in raising the diurnal inequality wave Tables XVlll ami
XIX were formed from Table XVII acconling to a principle that readily appears from inspection of the tables themselves.
To allow for retard the declinations antedate Iv; .1 day the heights with which they are associated. The mean lunar range,
derived from 54 high and 54 low waters, or nearly two declination months, the sun's declination meanwhile confined within
the limits ±5.1°, was found to be 5.0 inches; the mean solar range, derived from 54 high and 54 low waters, the moon rang-
ing in declination from —4.5'-' to +S-i°> ^vas found to be 4.9 inches, that is, the moon and sun have practically at this sta-
tion aa ec^ual influence in causing the diurnal inequality.
Tahle XVIII. — J/<(i;/U of till- lunar diurnal wave.
* U. .S. Arctic Kxj.eiliiion, •temui r >iiin^. ^ F lldl, commaiulini;, dI. I, pp. 19-8O.
fflie Supfriiilemlci ul t'le C i. 1 ^oast iimi ('.fo.l-ti> Siiivi.'y j;^ ■ ,)eriiiis^i(in to stale llial wliilc Ihcso pa^jes arc t^oiiit; tlmnigli the press a de-
coiM|ifisitioii liy f'diirlales' iiielin '■ <n . .ear' iKiilimi./'is ii'.j.ervation.s l)y ilie survey at Kailiak fslaiul, Alaska, in prc)t;ress at this ( .'It'ce, shciws that the
periud of tlie iliurnal ineiiiialiti • :^>c at (hat il.ilii/li is within a few ^Lcmils of a sidereal day. Kor the discussion in full see the .Superintendent's
Reports (prol)ably 1887).
TUE LADY FliANKLlN BAY EXI'EDITIUN.
687
uis IJay,*
1 tlie data
Q ot high
'u arrived
[ive differs
inequahty
he.s above
the seini-
as 6.68 to
lese ratios
VI II and
em.selves.
nar range,
ed within
oon rang-
t this sta-
Taiile XIX. — Height of the solar diurnal tide.
Ilei
ght.
Ilei
ght.
Moon'.s
Sun'.s
Moon's
.Sun's
Dale.
declina-
tion.
1 .1:.
Date.
1882.
declina-
tion.
rld^/^li Y\'\
(leLiiua*
lion.
H.W.
L.W.
(.ILLIina
tion.
H.W.
L.W.
Inches.
l88l.
0
0
Inches.
Inches.
0
0
Inches.
Aug. 26
+ 2.5
4 10.6
-1-0.7
-2.0
Mar. 5
13-0
<i-3
••3
0.7
27
— 2. 2
10. 2
0.3
2.0
6
-1.4
- 5-9
+ 1-5
-0.5
Sept. 8
-3.8
5.8
2.0
3-5
>9
—0.8
-0.8
+ ■■7
-1.5
9
1-1.9
5-5
••5
2-5
20
■•-4.7
— 0.4
0.5
— I. c
22
+3-7
05
+0-3
«-3
Apr. I
+4.I
-f 4-3
0.0
■\'--i
23
-0.9
-f 0.1
-0.3
i-S
2
—0. 2
4.7
0.0
to. 5
Oct. 6
—0.4
- 5°
-io.3
4-5
>S
-2. 8
9-5
3 3
--3- 5
7
+S-1-
5-4
0-3
5.°
16
+ 2.5
9 •>
3-7
ii
20
+0-5
10. ?.
••7
3-5
29
-l-i.o
14-3
2.0
2.3
21
—4.2
10. 6
2-3
3-3
30
-3-3
14.6
2-3
3.3
Nov. 2
--2. 0
14.6
ii
l-S
May 12
—4.2
18.0
2.7
3.3
3
-r3-3
15.0
3-5
4.0
•3
H 0.9
18.2
2.7
3' 3
16
-1-2.0
18.7
3-7
4-5
26
•1-2.4
21.0
2.3
30
'7
—2.6
18.9
3-3
3.7
27
-1.9
21.2
2.7
2.7
29
-3-2
21.4
3-3
3-7
June 9
-0-3
22.9
3.0
4-3
30
+ 2.1
21.6
3-0
2-5
10
-1-4.8
23. c
2.3
3-3
Dec. 13
-^3•5
23- I
3.5
2.7
22
-f3.9
23- S
4-3
4-3
»4
— I.O
23.2
3-0
2.5
23
-0.4
23.4
3-5
3>o
26
-4-5
23-4
4-3
4.0
July f.
-••7
22.8
3-5
30
27
-1-0.8
23.4
4.0
3.3
7
-+-3-5
22.7
1.0
•■3
1882.
20
-fi.i
20.8
'•S
2-5
Jan. 10
+0-5
22.0
1-7
"•3
21
-3-2
20.6
1-3
2. 0
II
-3. 9
21. 9
30
2-3
Aug. 2
-3-6
17.9
17
2-5
23
— I. 2
19.6
30
30
3
-fl.8
17.7
1.0
••5
24
+ 4.3
«9-3
4.0
'•7
16
-f2.4
14.0
4.3
3-5
Fob. 6
+ 1.9
15.8
2.7
'•3
! '7
— 1.9
+ i3-f>
+3-3
-3-5
7
-2.5
«S-5
2.5
i-S
>9
-3-^S
"•5
2.7
2-5
y i-.ms ..
+ 2.25
—2. 66
20
-t-i.8
II. I
o.s
••7
rminatc. The means of groups are, however, entitled to
of the high waters vanishes 2'' 22'' after, that of the low
Table XX shows the relation of the vanishing of the moon's declination to the vanishing of the diurnal inequality at
observed high and low water. The nia.ximum value of the ineqn ility being only a few inches, a (luantity easily masked by
meteorological effects, the points of vanishing are more or less in
confidence. It appears from this table that the diurnal inc(iua
waters i'^ 08'' before the vanishing of the moon's declination, hence, that tiie inecjuality of low water vanishes 4'' 06''
earlier than the inequality of high water. There seems to be i elation to the season of the year in the magnitude of the
interval between the vanishing of the diurnal incciuality of hiuli md low water, respectively, the grouping of eciuinoctial and
solstitial values giving the following results; S[)ring e(iuinc ' 12'', summer solstice 4"' 05'', fall equinox 4"^ 08*", winter
solstice 4"^ 05''; or, equinoxes 4'* 10'', solstices 4'' 05'' — the d ijnce being insignificant.
press a de-
ws lliat the
inlendent's
-^^Sia^i^feh
088
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table XX. Jir/a/ioii of the iimi-x ofraiiishiiii^ of the diurnal Ihli' at ol'served high and hu< ivatcr to the times of vanishing of
the moon''s deiUnation.
-1 It
I!
■I ;1
■|ir
Date.
1881.
Aii);iist
Septcniher
Do
October
Do
Do
November
Do
December
Do
1882.
January
Do
reliruary
Do
March
Do
Do_
April
Do
Mav
' Do
June
Do
J»iy —
Do
August
Do
Do
Seplenil)er.
Do
October
Do
Noveml)er
Do
Do
December
Do
1883.
January
Do
February
JJo.
March
Do
April
Do
May .
Do
Do
June
Do
I.unar decli-
nation zero.
a
,t. //.
,/.
//.
./.
//.
,/.
/. 1
,/.
/,.
it.
//.
26 01
-27
22
20
If)
-j I
21
—5
09
\1
06
8 04
10
06
7
I() ■
+2
02
— 0
12 i
+ 2
14
22 07
25
12
19
20
+3
OS
— 2
1 1 !
+5
16
5 U
7
16
4
if)
+2
02
— 0
22
+3
00
19 14
-> f
10
if)
23
+ 1
20
— 2
15
+4
II
32 21
34
00
3"
'4
+ '
03
—2
07
-f-3
10
15 22
1 8
20
14
09
+2
22
— I
10
+ 4
14
29 02
3'
i(.
2S
OS
+2
14
—0
18
+3
08
i.i "7
16
22
10
04
+ 3
H
-3
0^,
+ 6
18
26 08
30
o(,
26
.4
-t 3
22
+0
ofa
+ 3
16
9 '5
13
If)
10
'2
+4
01
+0
21
+3
04
22 17
2()
20
24
18
+4
03
+2
01
+2
02
5 22
II
o()
6
04
H-5
08
+0
06
+S
02
19 04
24
>4
M
22
+5
10
+0
18
+4
i()
5 05
8
l(.
4
1 8
+ 3
II
—0
11
i-3
22
18 IS
22
i(>
II)
10
+4
01
—2
05
+fa
0()
32 II
34
l()
2S
12
+2
05
-3
23
+f
04
15 01
15
22
12
21
+0
21
— 2
04
+3
01
28 17
29
01
24
16
+0
08
—4
01
+4
09
12 08
"3
•4
I I
07
ri
06
— I
01
+ 2
07
26 01
28
02
24
00
+ 2
01
— 2
01
+4
02
8 '3
10
18
7
12
+2
05
— I
01
+3
06
22 10
25
04
21
oS
+2
18
— I
02
+ 3
20
s 19
10
04
5
19
+4
09
0
00
+4
09
19 18
24
00
12
+4
06
— 2
06
+ 6
12
2 04
7
10
3
12
+ 5
06
+ 1
08
+3
22
16 01
19
12
15
00
-\i
II
— I
01
+4
12
29 14
35
00
29
II
+ 5
10
— 0
03
+S
13
12 08
16
10
10
14
+4
02
— I
18
+ 5
20
26 01
29
14
25
00
+3
>3
— I
01
+4
>4
9 '3
12
1 1
8
22
+2
22
—0
'5
+ 3
•3
23 II
22
1 1
21
i()
— I
00
— I
19
+0
19
5 20
7
01
3
02
+ '
05
-2
18
+ 3
23
19 '9
21
09
'7
20
+ 1
14
— I
23
+ 3
«3
3J 04
35
00
3'^
02
+ 2
02
—3
02
+ 5
04
17 01
20
00
10
04
+ 2
23
— 0
21
+3
20
30 13
34
08
29
20
+■3
19
—0
17
+4
12
13 08
19
oS
13
10
+'"'
00
+0
02
4 5
22
26 22
3'
24
2(1
20
+ 5
02
— 0
02
+ 5
04
9 '7
■4
20
10
04
-rS
03
■1-0
II
+4
lb
23 o'')
27
12
21
20
+4
06
-«
10
+ 5
16
9 03
'3
If)
9
00
+4
'3
-0
03
+ 4
16
22 13
24
U)
>9
'7
+ 2
03
—2
20
+4
23
5 '4
6
10
4
■4
+0
20
— I
00
+ 1
20
18 18
'9
12
'5
08
+0
18
-3
10
H-4
04
3 00
3
12
I
04
+0
12
— 1
20
+ 2
08
16 01
17
05
1 3
I 2
+ 1
04
— 2
>3
+3
17
30 07
32
OZ
2S
22
4-1
19
— I
09
+3
04
12 09
15
00
1)
23
J-2
15
—2
10
-f-s
01
26 13
29
22
2()
02
'3
09
— 0
II
! 3
20
+ 2 22
— I 08
+4 06
The iiuii-siimiltaiicoiis vaiiishiiij; of the liiumnl inc(iuality of" liij;h iiid low wntc-r lias l)ecn remarkL'd at various places,
both witlihi ami without the .Vrctic circle. Of the tonne' places we may nieiuii,ii I'nrt Fotilke. I'ort Leoijold, and I'olaris
Bay. At all three of these places also the iiietptality tor low water vanishes I'ifore the declination of the moon. Theexiihina-
tions offered by philosophers do not .seem to be sufficient. At Port Leopold* the interval by which the vanishing of the
♦Philosophical Transactions, vol. 153 (anno 1863), Part I : On the Tides of the Arctic Seas. By the Rev. Samuel Ilaughton, M. A., F. R. S.,
Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. Pait 1: On the Diurnal Tides of Port Leopold, North Somerset.
THE LADY FltANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
689
hing of
places,
Polaris
xplana-
; of the
F. R. S.,
inequality of low water preceded the vanisliing of the inequality of high water was a maximum at the solstices and a minimum
at the cfiuinoxes, and Mr. llaugluon, in his discussion of the observations, has shown that this fact accords with what might
be expected from tidal theory. No such periodicity is, however, observable in the like interval at Fort Conger.
In view of the fact that the tide causing the diurnal inequality at Fort Conger comes round once in a sidereal instead of
once in a lunar day, ond that the same thing seems to have place at Port Foulke, Van Rensselaer Harbor, and Polaris liay,
and also because the vanishing of the diurnal inequality at Fort Conger fails to conform to accepted theories, it is conceived
that an attempt to analyze this inequality by recourse to a ^t\\ very simple considerations and to furnish a rational cxjjlana-
tion of some of its salient phenomena, whether wholly successful or not, will be deemed neither presumptuous nor irrelevant.
If we number the successive high waters as tliey arrive at any station where diurnal inequality exists, i, ;, 3, etc., denote
odd numbers by one dash, even numbers by two dashes, and write // for the higher, // for the lower of two successive high
waters, then we shall have by observation a series like the following :
//' //" //' //"
//' //" //' //",
there being a daily alternation of higher and lower high waters, with a reversal every half declination month, that is, if at any
time the odd-numbered tides are the higher, then the even numbered will be the higher a fortnigiit later. The fortnightly
reversal is accomplished gradually, and every declination month shows a steady progress through all the phases : odd tides at
greatest height above even tides, equality, even tides at greatest height above odd tiiles, equality.*
This fortnightly reversal or gradual transference of superiority from odd to even, from even to odd high tides, may be
conceived of as marking the progress of a wave superimposed upon the lunar semi-diurnal wave divested of diurnal inequality
(which call the lunar semi-diurnal), and moving relatively to the latter so as either to gain or to lose a mean lunar day in a
mean tropical or declination month.
Let <r = a mean tropical month,
^ = a mean lunar day,
s = the mean apparent rate of motion of the sun,
V = the speed of the superimposed lunar diurn' 1 ii.' 'luality wave,
n = the height of the latter wave, .
then
j=the number of mean lunar days in a mean tropical month,
2± i = the number of times that the lunar diurnal inequality wave comes round during a mean tropical month,
2S
-T-= the speed of the lunar semi-diurnal wave ;
we have, then,
Putting 2;r=36o°
V : ^':: ^,± i : ?^ whence v=s (U L)
POO \b ay
v=2n i -T-iz- j per mean solar day,
= 15° ( -T±- ) per mean solar hour,
= 2nb( ^±- ^=2n{ j per mean lunar day,
and, expressing t in mean lunar days, we have
^ =li, sin { 2n Q~^ • /+fi^ j +//2 sin 2 j 2;r (^^- • t+s^ } +//a sin 3 | 2;r Q'^^'- ■ t+e^J } +etc.
//,=/('i sin I 2;i- (^~'-f+,fiJ I -f-X-a sin 2 | 2n(^~- f+t/ij | -f/f-a sin 3 | 27r(j-^- f+ijA | +etc.
♦Tills phenomenon must be distinguished from the semi-mensual inequality, whereby the odd and even tides increase and decrease together, the
complete cycle being a synodic month, without materially altering the relative height of consecutive tides.
n. Mis. 393, i)t 2 44
n
690
TOE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
for the most general expression of the two waves contributed hy variations in lunar declination to the production of diurnal
inequality in the lunar semi-diurnal high and low waters. // out-runs the moon, gaining a lunar d.'.y ir n troi)ical month; //(
is out-run by the moon, losing a lunar day in a tro[)ical month.
1' in be any integer, // any positive inti ger, and / vanish for some lunar semi-diurnal high water, then
^i'
11=0
sm
(2//+ l)\27l ("--— • /+— , , ) ]
in (2«+i
'<i->rl>
''"^4T2«+i)'
a-\-/> 2111
Hx"= ^ r/,„ + , sin (-V/+ I ) { 2'T ( „• f+
<!-/>
4(2//-)-i) a
t')]
-'7-)!
are such special cases of /< and //i that //' and /^i' taken togctlier will cause any designated diurnal ine(iuality (subject to a fort-
nightly reversp!) in lunar semi diurnal high waters without affecting low waters, and, Ticc irrsa, ft" and //)" will produce any
recphrcd diurnal inequality in lunar semi-diurnal low waters without affecting high waters; and if /(', //i', /(", /.ii" coexist, the
2/)l-\- t
diurnal inequality will vanish for low water — lunar days later than for higli water. /<' and //" together are not more
4
general than i*, nor y// and //j" together more genenl than /i,. Hence ;/ and /ii would account for any designated diurnal
inccjuality m lunar semi-diurnal high and low waters, subject to the one condition of completing its cycle in a tropical month.
If tile \ iri.i.^ons in lunar declination cause a diurnal inequality in the lunar semi-diurnal high and low waters, resolvable
into the two superimposed wave's // and //j, so the variations in solar declination will cause a diurnal inequality in the solar
semi-diurnal high and 1 ■ , w iters, resolvable by the preceding method into two other superimposed waves. A reversal of 'he
solar diurnal inequality will occur twice each mean tropical year, and the phenomenon may be conceived of as due to a wave
superimposed upon the solar semi-diurnal wave stripped of diurnal inequality (whi :h call the so'ar semi-diurnal), which moves
relatively to the latter in such wise as either to gain or to lose a mean solar day in a mean tropica; y.ar.
Put c=i\ mean tropical or declination year,
//=3. mean solar day,
u=thc speed of the superimposto' s ilar diurnal inequality wave,
(7 = the height of the latter wave,
then
=the number of mean solar days in a mean tropical year,
-j± i=the number of times that the solar diurnal inequality wave comes round during a mean tropical year;
whence we have
,± I
or
u=z27t( j [ler mean solar day,
= ' 5 ( " ' ) per mean solar hour,
= 2/T 1 - — ) . /■' jier mean lunar day,
and expressing / in mean solar days, we shall have
(r=/i sin j 27t(^'^^'- • t+Bx^ J +/jsin 2 { 2nQ'^^' ■ t+e^^ \ -f/, sin 3 j inQ-^'- ■ /+O3J J -fete.
(Ti=>/t sin I 27r(^ ^- ■ /+3i^ | +^2 sin 2 | 2^Q~' ' Z+SaJ | +1/3 sin 3 | 2^ ('7' ' ^+^^) ] +ctc.
TDB LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXrEDITION.
691
as the most general expression for the two waves contributed by variations in the solar ileclination to the production of diurnal
inciiuality in the solar semi-diurnal higli and low waters.
F,et M be the 'unar and .9 the solar wave, each divested of diurnal inequality. Then the observed wave is the resultant
of the six roni[)oncnts, /», AA, ;(], (T, S, a\. J/ and .S' combine to form tlie observed wave divested of diurnd inequality (repre-
sented in I'late I by tlie dotted line); /r, ;/|, ff, ff| combine to form the wave eausing diurnal inei|uaiity in the observed wave
(represented in I'late I by the continuous line); and, finally, these two compound waves unite to jiroduce the observed wave
(rei)reseiUed in I'late I by the line and dot alternating).
With the astronomical data
0=27.32156 mean solar days, ^=1.035050 mean solar days <-=365.2422 mean solar days
wc obtain the velocities of propagation and periods of the six components, us follows:
Component.
Speed per mean solar lioiir.
Period in mean solar time.
0 0
d h m 1
/*
'5xG+7,)=='S°4io7
0. 997269s = 23 56 04. oS
M
ISXy, —14.49205
1.035050 =24 50 28.3
fi
"sx(^-i)= 13. 94304
1.075806 =25 49 09.6
a
•SX (1 +-')=• IS- 04107
0. 997269s — 23 56 04. oS
S
s
1 r=24
ai
'5 X (1-7) =14-95893
1.002745 1^24 03 57.2
The periods of /i and a, the one due to lunar, the other to solar action, arc necessarily the same,* that is, a wave tliat
out-runs the sun a day in a tropical year out-runs the moon a lunar day in a tropical month, and Tur ivvj-,?. Hence ;/ and o"
do not admit of separation by observation, but move as a single wave, of which the period is (7 sUt'n-n! i/,r_v. 'i'his, t.iken in
connection with the results of the graphic analysis by Pourtales's method at Fort Conger, Polaris 15ay, Van Rensselaer Harlior,
and Port Foulke, would indicate that from Smith Sound to Robeson Channel the sum of /x and a preponderate over either ;q
or ffi to such an extent as to fix their speed upon the total diurnal inequality wave, the existence of y/i and o'l giving rise to,
and being evidenced by, such inequalities in time and height as appear in the results at Fort Conger. (See tig. i, Plate II.)
/J. and a cause a fortnightly reversal in the observed diurnal inetiuality, since they gain on the moon a lunar day in a
tropical month, /(i will also tend to cause a fortnightly reversal, since it loses on the moon a lunar day in a tropical month;
but whether it will conspire with or oppose ja and a in this respect will depend upon the relations of their epochs, d of
itself would cause a reversal every sixteen days, since it gains on the moon a lunar day in 32.1 2841 mean solar days; hence
its effect at Fort Conger is to cause an inequality in the times of vanishing of the observed diurnal inequality.
The relative influences of the moon and sun upon the diurnal inequality can not be determined from the sidereal waves
fx and ff, since these do not admit of separation. This ratio is, however, determinable from /v, and ffi.
To obtain the amplitude and epoch of any one of these component waves it is only necessary to group the observations
according to the period of the component sought, superposing its like phases throughout the series and taking the mean. The
other components are thus eliminated, if the series be long enough, by the progressive superposition of their unlike phases.
Uy an application of Fourier's Theorem the component picked out by this process can then be resc'ved into a series consist-
ing of a principal term and its harmonies. Whether a particular component exists, and with what amplitude and epoch, must be
determined from the observations.
Pourtales's graphical analysis demonstrates to the eye the existence of the wave of sidereal speed at Fort Conger, Polaris
Bay, Van Rensselaer Harbor, and Port Foulke. /<i and ffi must be found by the geneial method of the superposition of like
l)hases. Now this method is the one employed in the Harmonic Analysis of the Tides, and it has b'^en a[)plied at a large
*A wave gaining on a celestial body one revolution while that body loses a revolution relatively to the stars must have sidereal speed.
fit-
t
('v-
;'--l:.'^t^ti^^
692
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPP:DITI0N.
number of stations in various quarters of the globe.* At almost all of these stations the wave of sidereal speed is sufficiently
large relatively to the other diurnal waves to impress its character upon the sum of .nil. The diurnal inequality wave at these
stations will have sidereal speed; that is, its high water will occur once each sidereal day, and sui h component waves as //|
and Oi will simply give rise to inequalities in its time ami height.
Viewed in the light of the preceding analysis there is nothing surprising in the non-simultaneous vani^l^ing of the high
and low water diurnal inequalities; indeed, it woukl be extraordinary were they to vanish together, and it isfpiitesafe to assert
that they will do so at a very small proportion of tid.d stations either witiiin or without the Arctic circle. Mr. Haughton's
researches t have sho»vn that at nine stations on the coast of Ireland the diurnal ineiiuality vanishes on an average i'' ^y^^'
earlier for low than for high water. At only one of the stations do the ine(iualilies vanish together.
DETERMINATION OF THE HALF-TIDE I.I.VEL.
The half-tide level is best defined by a statement of the method of its derivation. In the appended example the third
column contains the observed high and low waters arranged in the order of time ; the entries in the fourth column are derived
from the third by taking the means of successive [lairs of alternate numbers; the fifth column is derived from the fourth exactly
as the fourth is derived from the third; the entries in the sixth column are the half-tide level, and are obtained by taking the
mean of the entries on the same line in the fourth and fifth columns; the sevenih column contains the half-tide level for each
day, found by taising the mean of all the entries for the day in the sixth column. It will be seen that the half-tide level is free
of the diurnal and semi-mensual inequalities. For ordinary purposes it may be taken as the sea level, and its mean for a series
as the mean sea level, but in fine work it must be distinguished from the level obtained by taking the mean of say half-hourly
orilinates. The latter is a level such that the sectional area of water above it is equal to the sectional area of deficiency below
it, a condition that does not necessarily hold for the half-tide level.
Date.
riiascs of
tide.
Reading of
gauge.
Alternate means.
H.-ilf-tidc
level.
Daily half-
tide level.
iS8l.
Aug. 20
21
22
23
L.
H.
L.
H.
L.
H.
L.
H.
I>.
II.
L.
H.
L.
Inches.
37-9
58.7
34-6
68.2
33.5
62.4
32.9
75-3
23- 3
67.1
25.6
76.0
25.7
70.8
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
Inches.
49-3
36.3
63. S
34.1
65-3
33-2
68.9
28.1
71.2
24. s
7i-S
25.7
73-4
35. 2
64.4
33.7
67.1
30.7
70.1
26.3
71-3
25.1
72. 5
49-3
49. 3
49- S
SCI
49.8
49-1
48.7
47-9
48.3
49.1
49.6
48. S
The daily half-tide level has been entered in the ninth column of Table V.
1 ' ' ■ I- i
EFFECT UPON THE HALF-TiDE LEVEL OF VARIATIONS IN THE ATiMOSPHERIC PRESSURE.
The mean reading of the barometer for the period covered by the tidal series was found to be 29.88 inches. The com-
puted daily half-tide levels for each month were then taken froin Table V with the mean reading of the barometer for the
same day and distributed into two classe' iccording as the barometric reading was less or greater than the mean. The results
are presented in Table XXI:
*For a large collection of results, see paper by Mr. G. II. Darwin, Proc. Roy. Soc, vol. 39, pp. 135-207. For an excellent account of the
Harmonic Analysis of the Tides, with formulne and tables, see Mr. Darwin's report to the Brit. Asso. at its Southport meeting, 1883. In these papers
A' corresponds to // and a, O to /i,, and P to a^,
t See Phil, Trans., i ■{63, p. 249.
I'il
iciUly
those
its /<l
THE LADY rUANKLIN IJAY EXPEDITION. G93
Taule XXI. — Effal upon the half-tide lerel of variations in the atmospheric freisure.
Month.
Ilarometer 29.8 inches and less,
Ilarometer 29.9 inches and greater.
No. of
observa-
tions.
Sums.
Means.
No. of
obierva-
tions.
Sums.
Meani,
Half tide.
Barometer.
Half tide.
Uarometer.
Half tide.
Inches,
117(1.8
632. 7
'345-9
1829. 3
1747.1
1654.4
323-6
931-4
1037.0
'413-2
1267.4
1540.7
Ilarometer.
Half tide.
Barometer.
January
Kebruary . . .
March
April
May
June
July
August
September..
October
November . .
December ..
34
40
27
14
17
23
23
23
37
29
29
24
/«( hts,
1555-9
i85,S. 1
1248-5
617.6
793-0
1112.5
1049- 3
1114-4
1823.4
1417.0
1370. I
1071. I
Iiu hcs,
1005.8
1180.7
799- 1
415.6
505-3
682.2
681. 1
683.6
1096. 3
859.6
858. I
710.8
Inches,
45.76
46.45
46.24
44- II
46.65
48.37
45-62
48-45
49- 28
48.86
47-24
44-63
Inches,
29. 58
29.52
29. Oo
29. 69
29- 72
29. 66
29.61
29. 72
29. 63
29.64
29.59
29. 62
28
16
35
46
45
'\
20
23
li
35
Inches,
841.2
481. 1
1055.0
xyyo.b
'358.4
1110.6
240. 2
599- '
690.3
993- 9
933- I
1144.8
Inches.
42- oj
39. 54
3«- 45
39- 77
38.82
44-71
40.45
46. 57
45-09
42.82
40.88
40.54
Inches,
30.04
30.07
30. 14
30.23
30. 19
30.02
30.03
29. 95
30. 01
30. 12
30. 10
30'3
From which we derive Table XXII :
Table XXII. — Ratio of variations in the half-tide level to corresponding variations in atmospheric pressure.
Month.
No. of
observa-
tions.
Variation in
height of
barometer.
Variation in
half-tide
level.
Ratio.
- 8.1
12.5
14.4
8.0
16.7
10. 2
'2-3
8.2
U. I
12.6
'2.5
— 8.0
January
l-'ebruary
March
April ... ...
May
June
J"iy
August
September...
October
November...
December
Sums .
62
56
62
60
62
60
31
60
62
60
62
Inches,
+ 0.46
0.55
O.S4
0-S4
0.47
0.36
0.42
0.23
0.38
0.48
0.51
+0.51
Inches,
— 3-73
6.91
7-79
4-34
7-83
3-66
5- 17
1.88
4-19
6. 04
6.36
— 4-09
+5-45
—61.99
We obtain from the whole series, cxtetiding over 680 days, —61.994-5.45 = — 1 1.4 for the ratio of the variation of the
sea level to the variation in the mercurial column. This effect is partly direct, due to transference of sea water from points
of greater to points of less superincumbent pressure; partly indirect, due to the mechanical action upon the surface of the sea
of winds set in motion by differences of local pressure; and these causes will usually conspire. Other things being eciual a
greater effect upon the sea level will be attained : first, the nearer to the station the point of maximum or minimum pressure
has place; second, the more restricted tlie area over which the barometric variation extends; third, the more persistent the
barometric variation in the same direction; and, fourth, the more ample the means of ingress and egress of waters to and from
the station. The weight ratio of sea water and mercury is about 13.2. Considering all tl ' circumstances of the case, and the
little likelihood of the simultaneous occurrence of all the conditions for a maximum effect, it does not seem that the above
ratio, 1 1.4, is too small. On the contrary it would probably be reduced by the discussion of a longer series.
The winds at Fort Conger during the progress of tidal observations were usually light and the sea was exposed to their
action for only a small part of the year. A careful comparison of the half-tide level with the direction and force of the wind
brought out no very itnportant results. Southwest and west winds seem to have had an elevating, northwest a depressing
effect upon the half-tide level, which fact, so far as it goes, would indicate that the effect was local and mainly restricted to
Discovery Harbor.
^.
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
y
'^^\^'
£ 125
1.0 S
i» Uii 12.2
= 111
1.1
£ Its 12.0
■tUU
6"
Hiotographic
Sdences
Corporation
\
^
•^
c\
\
^
^
23 WiST MAIN STRIET
WEUTIII,N.Y. MSm
(716)t72-4S03
'<!y
694
TOE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
t. ,;■
TIDAL OBSERVATIONS AT SUBSIDIARY STATIONS ON THE COASTS OF GREENLAND AND GRINNELL LAND.
To further the solution of tidal problems in this part of the Arctic seas, more espc ially to determine, if possible, whether
the tides in Franklin Bay and Robeson Channel enter those immediate waters from the south or from the north, the observa-
tions at Fort Conger were supplemented by short series at outlying stations along the coasts of Greenland and Grinnell Land
simultaneous with the progress of the series at the principal station. These subordinate series of observations were made upon
staffs securely fastened to the shore ice-wall in the tidal crack and presumably absolutely fixed, a presumjition not rebutted by
the observations themselves, except perhaps those at Black Horn Cliffs, where the inconsiderable range of the tide might sug-
gest a rising and falling of the shore ice carrying the staff. This matter will be recurred to further on in considering the co-
tidal lines of this region. At all the subordinate stations the readings were made at short intervals — usually one minute — about
the times of high and low water, with simultaneous readings of like frequency at Fort Conger, so that the times of these jjhases
were determined at both ends of the line with all practicable precision. All times were noted in Washington mean time. The
record of the high and low waters so observed are given in Table XXIII. The last column contains the computed interval
by which high or low water at the station precedes the like phase at Fort Conger.
Table XXIII. — Record of tidal obsctTations upon fixed gauges at subsidiary stations.
Subsidiary station.
Cape Cracroft.
Cape Daird .
Distant Cape.
Cape Beechey .
Cape Sumner
Kive miles SW. Repulse Harlx>r
lilack Horn Cliffs ..
Fort Conger.
Station
Latitude.
Longitude.
Date.
Time.
Height.
less Fort
Time.
Height.
Conger.
o /
0 /
1SS3.
/i. III.
Inches.
/(. ///.
Inches.
m.
8l 22
64 30
May 30
4 43
53-7
4 52
73-2
— 9
.
10 51
4.9
II 02
28.2
— II
17 23
44.7
«7 ii
64.9
—ID
23 47
10.4
2338
32.2
+ 2
31
5 45
50.3
5 53
69.4
— 8
12 21
I. 1
12 10
25-3
+ 11
1859
45. 0
19 01
64.5
— 2
June I
1 03
4.8
I 10
27.9
— 7
8i 32
64 30
May 7
10 42
75. 5
II 10
71.9
—28
«6 S3
2. 2
17 '3
— 10.4
—20
23 22
80,4
23 28
79.2
— 6
8
5 32
8.2
5 37
-4.6
- 5
II 36
73-8
II 48
71.6
— 12
17 45
2.3
'7 56
-9.6
—II
9
0 12
77-9
0 20
77-1
— 8
C 30
9.0
632
~ ^7
— 2
12 34
69.9
12 36
68.2
— 2
Si 42
04
May 21
22 49
85-5
22 55
80.5
— 6
2T.
4 55
24. 6
5 05
18.5
— 10
II 05
80.3
II 03
75- 1
+ 2
17 00
19. 1
17 04
13- 6
— 4
23 20
88.6
23 22
83.6
— 2
23
" 55
82.0
II 46
76.4
+ 9
17 44
19.4
17 46
14.0
— 2
24
0 02
89.0
—0 06
8?. 8
+ 8
6 18
25.8
6 II
18. S
+ 7
29
22 18
38.6
22 21
32- 3
— 3
30
4 42
78.7
4 52
73.2
— 10
17 24
69. s
•7 33
64.9
— 9
23 26
38.8
23 38
32.2
— 12
3'
5 43
75-4
5 53
69.4
—10
12 OS
30.6
12 10
25.3
— 5
1847
70.0
19 01
64.5
-14
81 S2
63
May 21
22 57
70.9
22 55
80.5
+ 2
^
22
4 53
19.8
5 05
18. 5
—12
10 59
67.1
II 03
75- 1
— 4
17 06
14.8
17 04
13.6
+ 2
23 25
74-9
23 22
83.6
+ 3
23
5 37
23.0
5 30
20. 7
+ 7
II 38
70. 2
II 46
76.4
— 8
17 37
15. I
17 40
14.0
— 9
23 5°
75-2
23 54
83.8
— 4
81 5S
60 45
Apr. 9
12 06
100.6
II 58
82. 1
+ 8
18 20
40.4
18 15
3.7
+ 5
10
0 51
'03- 5
0 10
86. •{
+41
82 03
59 30
Apr. 7
10 48
83.2
10 S3
80.0
- 5
17 28
30.5
17 00
- 15
+28
23 31
79-9
23 05
81. I
426
82 12
57 30
Apr. 3
8 35
33-4
7 45
59-5
+50
14 33
22.6
14 05
25.5
-f28
20 32
32.3
20 15
60.8
+ 17
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
695
, whether
; observa-
nell Land
ladc upon
Dutted by
iiighl sug-
ig the co-
te— about
.'se phases
me. The
1 interval
The CO iclusions from Table XXIII are presented in Table XXIV, where S stands for the subsidiary station, C for Fort
Conger. Since high and low water advance in shallow waters with different velocities, it was deemed best, in forming the column
.S'— Cfor use in tracing the progress of the tidal wave, not to confound the low with the high water residuals, save at the three
most northern stations, where the fewness of the observations made it advisable to combine them. The last column gives the
ratio of the range of the tide at the subordinate and principal station.
Tabi.e XXIV. — Timfs of /ii,i;/i auil lo70 water ami rafr^e of the tide at stations on the coasts of Greenland and Grinnell Land
relatively to the corresponding times and ranges at Fort Conger.
Subsidiary station.
Ca\te Cracroft
Cape Kaird
Distant Cape
Cape Beechey
Cape Sumner
S miles SW. of Repulse Harbor
Black Horn Cliffs
Latitude.
Longitude.
0 /
0 /
8j 22
64 30
8i 32
64 30
8l 42
64
8i 52
63
8i SS
60 45
82 03
59 30
82 12
57 30
Station less Fort ("onyer.
High water.
Time.
— 7-
— II.
— 3-
— 2.
+24.
+ 10.
+i3-
Number
obs'ns.
Low water.
Time.
+ o.
— 9.
— 4.
— 3-
+ S
+28
+28
Number
obs'ns.
Adopted
S—C
III.
— 7
— II
— 4
— 3
^I8
+ 16
+32
Range of tide.
.Sub.sidi-
ary
station.
Inches.
43- «
70. I
53- o
53-5
61.6
Si.o
10.3
Conyer.
Inches.
39-6
80.4
53-8
63. 2
80.5
82.0
34-6
.s— t
1.09
0.87
0.99
0.8s
0.77
o. 62
0.30
TIDAI, onSERVATION AT THE HKAD OK GREELV FIORD.
The following is an extract froin Sergeant Urainard's journal, under date of May 13, 1883, the day Lockwood and
Brainard reached the head of Greely Fiord :
I examined the shore carefully to ascertain what I could about the tide, but very little was gathered on which a theory could be based or an
opinion given. The action of the tide is appjircnt, but the range is very small. The ice-foot bore evidences of having been flooded recently. The
fiord was discovered at 5I' 15'" a. m., and the tide .-it that time had just begun to ebb. Making due allowance for the slight f;dl, I considered 4 a. m.
as the approximate time of high water.
This would make high water at the head of Greely Fiord 45"' later than at Fort Conger, where it occurred on the same
day at 3'' 1 5™ a. m.
TIDAL OnSERVATIONS DURING THE RETREAT .SOUTHWARD FROM FORT CONGER.
Several observations of the time of high and low water, the direction of ebb and flow tidal currents, and estimates of the
range of the tide were made after the party abandoned Fort Conger. They are brought together in Table XXV, and the
computed establishments in Table XXVI. The establishments have been corrected for the phase of the moon, using the
results at Fort Conger as a basis, and the mean establishments thus derived are also given.
il
ll
696
TDE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Tadle XXV. — Record of hi^li and low waters obsen'cd between Capes Baird and Sabine.
Locality.
Latitude.
Longitude.
Date.
1S83.
Aug. 15
Aug. 18
Aug. 18
Aug. 19
Aug. 19
Aug. 20
Aug. 22
Aug. 23
Aug. 23
Aug. 24
Aug. 25
.\ug. 26
Oct. 2
Nov. 16
Washington mean time.
Remarks.
High water.i Low water.
Between Carl Ritter Hay and Cape Lawrence.
II miles NE. of Cape Lawrence
0 /
8044
80 28
80 25
80 21
79 S3
79 49
79 4«
78 34
78 47
0 /
68
68 18
68 35
69 20
71. I
71. 1
71.6
75
74 13
/;. 111.
20 45
//. m.
14 40
4 43
16 55
5 OS
Tides evidently from 12 to 15 feet in the
springs, ebbing tide moving the ice rap-
idly to the north.
Range nearly 14 feet.
Watch fast 3 or 4 minutes.
Watch fast S to 6 minutes. Highest tide
between October 15, 1883, and June 22,
1884.
7 miles NE. of Cape Lawrence
23 30
12 00
I mile W.SW. of Cape T,awrence
18 13
«9 35
2 miles .S. of Cape Norton Shaw
Cape John Barrow
« 45
14 "S
*i 40
Inside Joy Toinf, about 3 miles NE. of Cape
Louis Napoleon.
Eskimo Point, near Le Conte Sound, N. side
Baird Inlet.
Camp Clay, about 4 miles NW. of Cape Sabine.
3 35
5 IS
11 40
12 OS
*A high water, and so taken in the reduction.
Table XXVL — Mean establishments of faints of obsen'ation, Cafes Baird to Sabine.
Locality.
Latitude.
Longitude.
Date.
Lunitidal interval.
Correction for phase.
Mean establishment.
High water.
Low water.
I Ugh water.
Low water.
H igh water. Low water.
Between Carl Ritter Bay and Cape Law-
rence.
II miles NE. of Cape Lawrence
7 miles NK. of Cape Lawrence
1 mile W.SW. of Cape Lawrence
2 miles S. of Cape Norton Shaw
Cape John Barrow
0 /
So 44
80 28
80 25
80 21
79 Si
79 49
79 41
7834
7847
0 /
68
68 18
68 35
69 20
71. 1
71.1
71.6
75
74 13
1883.
Aug. 15
Aug. 18
Aug. 18
Aug. 19
Aug. 19
Aug. 20
Aug. 22
Aug. 23
Aug. 23
Aug. 24
Aug. 25
Aug. 26
Oct. 2
Nov. 16
/(. m.
II 55
//. lit.
18 17
18 06
17 52
17 34
17 19
16 51
III.
-55
m.
-58
— 17
h. m.
II 00
h. m.
17 19
17 29
17 25
17 13
— 27
— 21
II OS
II 06
— 7
+ 3
10 58
11 09
+ 7
+40
17 26
17 31
10 33
10 36
11 33
10 32
11 09
II 20
10 54
+43
+48
+51
+57
+37
-18
00
II 16
11 24
12 24
II 29
II 46
II 02
10 54
Inside Joy Point, about 3 miles NE. of
Cape Louis Napoleon.
Eskimo Point, near Le Conte Sound, N.
side Baird Inlet.
Camp Clay, about 4 miles NW. of Cape
Sabine.
HARMONIC ANALYSIS OF THE FIRST YEAR'S OBSERVATIONS.
For this analysis the hourly observations from A.ugust 20, 1881, to July i, 1882, contained in Table IV, were laid down
upon profile paper to convenient scale and a curve drawn in such wise as to eliminate suspiciously large irregularities. The series
was then continued from July 1 to August 25, 1882, by laying down the observed high and low waters of Table V and draw-
ing in the curve with a free hand, conforming as nearly as pru'^ticable to the sweep of the curve afforded by the hourly readings.
The entire curve, extending from August 20, i88i, to August 25, 1882, was then read off at intervals of half a mean solar
hour, and these oidinates were subjected to the analysis. The results for eleven of the principal components are presented in
Table XXVII:
eet in the
e ice rap-
ghest tide
1 June 22,
lishment.
Loww
ater.
h.
m.
>7
19
17
29
17 25 1
»7
13
17
26
17
3>
laid down
The series
and draw-
1 readings,
nean solar
esented in
TUB LADY FilANKLIX BAY EXPEDITION. 697
Table XXVII. — S/ioniing t/w amplitudes and epochs of the principal harmonic components of the tide at Fort Conger.
Compo-
nent.
Speed.
11
i
X 1
Mcin
level.
Compo-
nent.
.Speed.
li 1
K
Mean
level.
0
Inihes.
0
/;;,//«.
0
Inches.
0
IlliltCS.
S\
■ S.OOCXXXX)
0.24
66
44.19
0,
'3-9430356
1. 10
199
44.19
Si
30.0000000
10.67
"9
l\
14.9589314
0.92
m
44.21
5,
45.0000000
0. 14
7
. • •
('.
13.3986609
0.03
102
44.09
i»/i
14.4920521
0. II
276
44.18
1.1
29. 5284788
0.79
18
44.04
Ml
28. 9841042
23- 55
335
• ■ >
N.i
28. 4397296
4-53
309
44.02
Ah
43-4761563
0.38
235
• ■ •
Vi
28. 51258^0
0. 25
326
43-99
M*
57. 9682084
0.22
322
■ • •
H-i
27. 9682084
0.52
288
44.19
K,
15. 0410686
336
222
44.20
Sa
0.0410686
2.39
208
44.09
K,
30.0821372
3.60
«7
Ssa
0.0821372
1.72
335
. . .
ORIGIN OF THE TIDES IN LADV FRANKLIN liAY AND THE ADJACENT WATERS.
The production of a sensible tide within the narrow seas communicating with the Atlantic through Davis Strait and with
the Polar Ocean through Robeson Channel being out of the question, there are but four possible sources for the tides of those
waters. They may be due to the Atlantic tides entering Davis Strait and flowing up the west coast of Clreeiiland; or flowing
up west of Spitzbergen, rounding Greenland, and entering Robeson Channel from the north; or to a tide generated in the
Polar Ocean by the immediate action of the tidal forces and giving ofl'a wave through Robeson and other channels into the
west Greenland seas; or, lastly, in like manner from a Polar Ocean tide derived from the Pacific Ocean tiirough Bering Strait,
The supposition that the Polar Ocean is materially aflfected by tides entering from the Pacific through a strait only about
40 miles in width and averaging not to exceed 30 fathoms in depth, with far-stretching shoal approaches on either side, is not
a very probable one; but that such derivative tides should be felt so far to the eastward as the Greenland coast is a proposition
not requiring refutation.
If the circumpolar area be largely occupied by land masses any considerable tidal motions in its interspersed waters must
necessarily be derived from seas in lower latitudes; but even if all the unexplored portions slunild be free from land masses the
tides originating in the Polar Ocean would still be small. For not only are the tidal forces weak near the pole, but tlie tidal
wave would be dissipated as a free wave in waters of moderate depth. Even at a distance of 6 degrees from tiie pole a free
wave in water of 150 fathoms depth would out-run both sun and moon, antl in 600 fathoms, or less than two-thirds of a statute
mile, would have more than twice their speed in longitude, a state of things that would be adverse to the production of large
tidal effects.
There remain to be considered tides derived from the Atlantic Ocean. The three tables following have been prepared
to exhibit the progress of the tide-wave in the Arctic seas. The co-tidal hour in the last column is the mean solar time elapsed
from the Greenwich transit of the moon to high water at the station. To obtain Mr. Wiiewell's co-tidal hour these values should
be diminished by a thirtieth part, that is, 0.1'' should be subtracted from every ^\* In making use of Table XXVI low-water
were reduced to high-water establishments by subtracting G"" 12".
* Researches on the Tides. Sixth series. By the Rev. William Whewell, M. A., F. R. S. Phil. Trans., 1836. Tart II. See p. 293. Mr.
Whewell's method amounts to the substitution of lunar for solar time. He has been followed by other writers, and his and their results have been
perhaps universally adopted; yet probably not one person in a thousand having occasion to use them would ever suspect that the co-tidal hour-linos are
drawn i*' 02" apart. This substitution of a kind of time known only to astronomers was neither necessary nor convenient. To refer a tide to a lunar
transit.one earlier or one later, it is only necessary to add to the lunitidal interval in the former case and subtract from it in the latter the interval between
the two transits — in Mr. Whewell's example 12'' 24™. When the interval between transits is not known I2'> 25™, the mean interval, shoidd be used.
It may be added that in Tables XXVIII-XXX the correction for longitude, or the time that the moon requires to pass from the meridian of Green-
wich to the meridian of the station, is separated into the solar correction and the moon's. retard on the sun simply to prevent a possible miscon -eption
as to the nature of the co-tidal hour so obtained.
II
G98
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
Table XXVIII. — Progress of the tide-wave east of Greenland.
Name of station.
Nubarbik
Jan Mayen
r.lcouorcn Bay
Cape Droet Kuys
Jackson I.sland
.Sal>ine Island
I.ittic Pendulum Island
Cape I'hilip IJroke
Cape Borgen
X
o
(')
(')
(')
8
*rf t
V
t g
%
1
Dngitude
from G
wich.
?
'A
►J
o
0
63- 4
42.0
71.0
8.S
/3.4
25.1
73- S
20.1
73. 9
20. 0
74- S
18.7
74.6
18. 5
74-9
17-7
75-4
18.0
Kstablishmcnt
high water.
Range of tide.
Full and
change.
i
//.
6.3
II. 3
10. s
10.6
10.8
II. 0
11. I
II. 2
11.9
i
1-
1
s
A
1 /,.
6.5
11.6
10.7
10.8
II. 0
II. 2
".3
".4
12. 1
Feet.
2.0
2.2
Feet.
!,.
+2.8
0.6
1-7
1.3
1-3
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
3.0
3-2
2.7
2.3
2.7
.2 t
A.
+ 0.1
0.0
o. I
0.0
0.0
o. o
0.0
0.0
0.0
.A ^
- it
■a. if
//.
9.2
II. 9
12.3
II. 9
12.2
12. 2
12.3
12.4
«3i
' Captnln Karl KoUlewey, Die zweite deulsche Nonlpolarfahrt, i869-'7o, Vol. II, 1874; not accessible to the present writer. But see Sixth Supplement on the
Northern ami Eastern Extension of the (iuif Stream, t'. S. Ilydrographlc Oflice, Washington, April, 18-5, pp. 67 ; Admiralty Manual and Instructions fur the Arctic
Expedition, 1875, p. 666; and Die .\merikanische Nordpol-Kxpcditiun, von Emil Ilcssels, 8°, Leipzig.
'Die Ucsterreichiscbc Polar-Statiun Jan Mayen, iSBi-'Sj. Hcobachtungs-Ergcbnissc, i. Hand.
Table XXIX. — Progress of the tide-wave west of Greenland.
Name of station.
9
<
Frederiksdal
Julianshaal). .
I'rederiksbaab. .
(lodthaab
Ilolsteiiiborg Harbor
Whalellsh Islands
Godbavn
Upernivik
Wolstcnholm Sound
I'ort I'oulke
Van Rensselaer Harbor
I'.skiniu Point, near I.e Conte I.sland
Camp Clay, 4 miles N\V. Cape Sabine
3 miles Nl",. Cape Louis Napoleon
Cape John Harrow
2 niilis S. Cape Norton Shaw
I mile W. S\V. Cape Lawrence .
7 miles Ni;. Cape Lawrence
II miles NE. Cape L.awrence
Detween Carl Kilter Pay and Cape Lawrence .
Cape Cmcroft
Cape liaird
Thank God Harbor, Polaris Hay
Distant Cape
Fort Conger, Lady Franklin Pay
Cape Heechey
Cape Sumner .
5 miles S\V. Repulse Harbor
liKick Horn Clifls
Cape Sheridan
Head uf Greely Hord
P
(')
(')
(')
C)
(-0
(')
h
(")
(")
"3
(")
(")
(!,')
(")
(")
<::>
(")
(")
(")
(")
00
(■'
(")
(■\)
t:
o
125
59-9
rx).6
62.0
64
66.9
69.0
69.2
72.8
76. S
7S
78
78. 6
78.8
79-7
79.8
79-9
80.3
80.4
80.5
80.7
81
81
«:
81
81
81
81
82
82
82
II
Establishment
high water.
Ranire of tide.
To § .a
44- S
46. I
50.1
51 43-5
53-7
53-2
5.5-5
5<'>.i
68.9
73 00
70 53
75.0
74.2
71. 6
71. I
71. I
69- 3
68. 6
68.3
68 J
S el
i
;2-S
>3
h.
//.
2.9
51
4-9
6.4
6.2
6.6
^^4
64
61
64
64
63
60 45
59 30
44
57
61
30
30
6.5
8.3
9.0
II. o
II. I
II. 4
II. 9
23. 4
6.3
8.1
8.8
10.8
10.9
II. 2
II. 7
II. o
10.9
II. 7
II. 9
II. 3
II. 2
l'. O
11. 0
11. 1
12-3
II. 6
10.6
•c
Feet.
9.4
7
9
10
8
VA
9.9
II. I
I4{?)
i4T?)
S-4
6.0
2.6
s.
Feet.
4-5
5
5
5.0
4.7
2.4
.2
.2 B
f 'I
o —
Feet.
10.0
7.7
7-9
3.9
4.4
//.
+3.0
3
3
3
3
3
3
3-7
4.6
4.9
4-7
5.0
49
41
4-3
O T3
5 "
O >H
3"&
//.
fo.i
O. I
O. I
O. I
O. I
O. I
O. I
O. I
O. 2
O. 2
O. 2
O. 2
O. 2
0.2
O. 2
0.2
O. 2
O. 2
0,2
O. 2
41
/l.
6.0
8.1
9.6
10. I
10. o
II. 7
12.5
14.6
15.7
16.3
16.6
16.2
16.0
16.7
16.8
16.2
16.0
'5-7
15.7
15.8
15-9
15.8
16. s
15.9
16.0
16,0
16.3
16.3
16. s
14.8
16.8
1866.
' Missionary .\sl)oe, i86j-'64 ; Rev. Samuel Haughton, Phil. Trans.,
' British .\Oniiiiilty Tide-Tables for 1887.
'Dbscrvalioiis International Polairc, iS83-'83. Expedition Danoise. Copen-
liajtue, iSSf. Tome II. 1'" I.ivraison .II. Kiux et Reflux de la .Mer.
•Captain Ingletield, 185J; C. .\. Schott, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowl-
edRC, Vol. X\*.
• Parry's Tliird X'oyage ; ('. ,\. Schott, ifiit.
• Map in Narrative of Kane's First Voyage ; C. A. Schott, it>iit. .
'Captain Ingleiield, 1854; C. A. Schott, iiiit.
C. A. Schott, iiiif.
C. A. Schott, Smithsonian Contribu-
"C. A. Schott, /•*;,/.
" Dr. Ilaycs' Observations, i86o-'6i.,
"Dr. Kane's Observations, i853-'s4
tlnns to Knowledge, Vol. XIII.
" I.ieut. A. W. Greely, U. S. Army, 1883.
" ('. S. .\rctic Expedition, steamer J'o/mis, C. F. Hall, commanding, Vol. I
" I.ieut. A. \V. Greely, U. S. Army, i88i-'83.
" C^apt. Sir G. S. Nares, Voyage to the Polar Sea, 1875-' 76. London, 1878,
Vol. II. Appendix No. XIX by the Rev. Samuel Haughton, F. R. S.
o
u
a
si
X
rt
r3
•a
tf
A
a
o
A
9
2
II
9
12
3
1 II
9
12
2
12
2
12
3
12
4
«3
I
cment on the
fur tbe Arctic
6^
h.
6.0
8.1
9.6
lo. I
lO.O
II. 7
14.6
>S-7
16.3
16.6
16.3
16.0
16.7
16.8
16.2
16.0
•S-7
'5.7
15.8
15-9
15-8
16. s
15.9
16.0
16.0
,6.3
16.3
16. 5
14.8
16.8
untribu-
, Vol. I.
in, 1878,
R. S.
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
099
Tahle WX.—J^vj^ress <>/ the tide-wave in the North American Archipelago.
Name of station.
Button Islands
I''ury anil Hecla Strait, Melville I'cninsula..
Un^ava Hay
Vork Factory
I'ort Kennedy, Hellot Strait
Refuge Cove, Wellington Channel
Krebus Hay, Harrow Strait
I'ort I^eopold, Harrow Strait
tJriflith Island, Melville Island
Northumberland Sound .
Melville Island
Dealy Island, Uaring Island .
•c
I
a
<
(')
(')
S
(*)
(')
(^)
I")
a
X.
'A
60.7
69.4
58.6
57
72
75
74- 7
74.0
74.5
76
74.8
74-9
52
1%
Kslalili.slinKnt
high water.
65
81.
68.
9*
94
92
92.7
90.0
95-7
97
lie. 8
108.7
32
15
10
I-
//.
6.8
7.0
8.9
II. 2
23.8
-0.4
o. I
o. I
03
O. I
"•5
1.8
a
8
/;.
6.6
6.8
8.7
II. o
II. 2
II. 8
<2..1
•2-3
'25
'2.3
•3.7
14.0
Range of title.
a.
/<•<■/.
8
38>i (?)
10-14
4.0
5-7
8
6
3¥
1.8
3.8
4
Feet.
1.7
>-3
3
I
I. 2
/;■<■/.
30
2.6
•s. .
a -r
o 3
•3.ti
1^
(4.3
5-4
4.6
6.2
f'-3
6.1
6.2
6.0
6.4
6.5
7-4
7-2
A.
I o. 2
O. 3
o. a
o. 2
o. 2
o. 2
o. 2
O. 2
O. 2
O. 2
O. 2
O. 2
•3
■a.y
H.
II. I
12.4
•35
17.4
17-7
18. I
IS. 7
18. 5
19. 1
19.0
21.3
21.4
> British Admiralty Tide-Tables for 1887.
•CapUin Sir Leopold McClintock, i8si>; Rev. Samuel I laughton, Phil. Trans., 1875.
>Slr Edward Belcher, K. N., 1853 ; Rev. Samuel Ilaughton, i'hil. Trans., 1875.
<Slr James C. Ross, R. N., i848-'49; Rev. Samuel llaufiliton, Hbil. Trans., 1863.
'Admiralty Manual and Instructions for the Arctic Expeditiun, 1875.
•H. M. S. Resolute, McDougall, mate, 1853; British Admiralty Tide-Tables for 1887.
There is no difficulty and no doubt about the tides of Baffin Bay. They come through Davis Strait and are easily traced
into Smith Sound. The co-tidal hours in Smith Sound and northward are, for greater clearness, laid down on tiie sketch faring
page 698.*
The tide that travels up through Davis Strait and Baffin Bay as a free wave, entering Smith Sound with a mean range of
almost 8 feet at Port P'oulke and Van Rensselaer Harbor, does not and can not vanish in Kane Hasin. Difiusing its motion over
an ampler expanse of waters it will cross Kane Basin with diminished range, but on entering Kennedy Ciuinnel its aggregate
quantity of motion, though somewhat decreased by internal friction and the resistance of boundaries, and prol)al)ly by giving
off a wave through openings to the westward, ought to produce, when gathered into that narrow sea, a tide nearly eijual to
the one observed at Van Rensselaer Harbor, an exhibition of power, it may be remarked, for which it will pay by a rapid
dissipation of its energy. This tide ought, nevertheless, to be still quite sensible to observation when it enters the Polar
Ocean, and may well afford a tide of a foot or more in range as far north as Lady Franklin Bay when still further diminished
in range by diffusion over the larger area of Hall Basin and Petermann Fiord.
But the Smith Sound can not be the only tide at Fort Conger. The co-tidal hour in Smith Sound, well determined by
the observations at Port Foulke and Van Rensselaer Harbor, may be taken as 16.4''. The distance is about 200 nautical
miles, and the average depth may be safely put at not more than 200 fathoms. Hence the Smith Sound tide would require
about 1.7'' to reach Lady Franklin Bay, making its co-tidal hour at Fort Conger 18.1'', or in other words its high water arrives
at Fort Conger at least two hours later than the high water there observed.
Again, although the principal component of the diurnal inequality tide is sidereal in its speed both in Smith Sound and
Lady Franklin Bay, the ratio of the diurnal inequality to the whole tide differing so materially (it is about f at Port Foulke
and ^ at Fort Conger) would seem to mark the tides in these waters as specifically distinct from each other.
It is almost a certainty that a part, and probably the major part, of the Lady Franklin Bay tide has traveled up from the North
Atlantic through the east Greenland seas, rounded Greenland, and entered Robeson Channel from the north. The substan-
tial continuity of the Atlantic has been demonstrated by soundings as high up as the eightieth parallel. The Arctic Ocean is
its head, and unless an undiscovered contineiit intervenes the tides of the North Atlantic are by far the greatest that beat upon
the shores of the circumpolar seas. The passage between Greenland and Spitzbergen is broad and deep, the soundings ranging
up to 2 and 3 miles. The tidal wave that reaches Dane Island in northwest Spitzbergen with the co-tidal hour 11.5 would be
able to round Greenland in latitude 85°, longitude 20^^ W., and reach Cape Sheridan, on the coast of Grinnell Land, a total
arcual distance of 1 1° 40', in 3.3'', through waters averaging 670 fathoms, or three-fourths of a statute mile in depth. This is not
an improbable average depth, and would bring the Spitzbergen wave to Cape Sheridan with a co-tidal hour 14.8, the observed
value at that station. If Greenland extend further to the north or east the average depth of the ocean would rcciuire to be
greater; but the foregoing assumptions are deemed not improbable values of the existing related elements of oceai: de|)th and
continental extension.
*In this sketch "Kane, Hayes and Nares" should read "Kane, Hayes, Hall and Nares."
700
THK LADY I'UANKLIN HAY KXI'KDITION.
The tiilal crest that reaches Cape Sheridan wiih a t o-tidal hour 14.8 oiigl\t to arrive at Fort Conger some 40'" hiler, or
with a co-tiilal hour 15.5. We have estimated the like crest from Smith Sound to come along 2.6'' hiter, with a co-tidal hour
18.1. This would make the tide from the north the printiiiai contrilnitor to the Fort Conger tide, which has the co-tidal hour
16.0. Tliese numerical relations are by no means i)rc(isely ascertained, hut some such combination of tides in all likelihood
obtains at Fort Conger, the tiile from the north having perhaps double the range of the tiile from th.- south.
Assuming the epochs 15.5'' and 18. 1'' for the arrival at l^'ort C!ongerof the two component tides to be correct, their phases at
that station differ by 2.6''. doing southward fron> Fort Conger the epoch of the tiile through Robeson Channel will continually
increase; that of the Smith Sound tide will iliminish at an eipial rate. At a time ilistance of 1.3'' south of F'ort Conger and 0.4''
north of Smith Sound there will be complete coincidence of phase, liigh water of the one falling upon high water of the other,
low water of the one upon low water t)f the other. Taking the probable depths into account this jjoint would be reac hed some-
where between Capes Lawrence and Frazcr. Other things being etpial, the highest tides would be found here. But other
things arc not cipial, and the greatest range might be confidently e.\pe< ted somewhat to the northwaril, where there is substan-
tial though not exact accord of phase, but where b(Jlh tides furnish intenr^er manifestations of their inherent energies on a more
restricted field, that is, somewhere well south in Kennedy Channel. It was in this region that Lieutenant Cireely (see Table
XX\') noted ranges much in excess of any ever observcil elsewhere between Cape Farewell and Robeson Channel. Cioing north-
ward from Fort Conger the two component tides would ditTer more and more in ])hase. At Cape Sheridan they would differ
by nearly 4'', and would thus be opposing rather than conspiring with each other. 'I'he small range of the tide north of Fort
Conger (see Tables XXIV and XXIX) is probably partly due to this cause.
Tables XXVIII to XXX, wiih other data, have been used in the construction of the acconi])anying "chart showing the
approximate co-tidal lines of the north Atlantic and north Pacific Oceans and the Arctic seas." It m- -r* scarcely be remarked
that the meeting of the two Atlantic tides is not in fact confined within the restricted limits indicated on the chart. This is
simply a region where their amplitude; are su])[)osed coniijarable and which is the theater of their most striking combined effects.
The casual observation at the head of Cln-'ely Fiord, so far as it has weight, tends to confirm the hypothesis that Grinncll Land is
not indefinitely extended toward the west. It seems probable that this fiord receives its tide fiom the north. In considering
the Cape Ijarrow tide it is well to remember that Cape Harrow lies at the head of the Atlantic basin, almost directly over the
pole from Spit/bergen and the ample channel of the east Greenland sea, and at about the same distance from Spitzbcrgen as
Spitzbergen is from Ireland. The co-tiiUn line ol Cape Clear is 4.5'', of Dane Island 11.5'', and of Cape Barrow 22.5'', or the
time distances are 7'' from Ireland to Si)it/bergen and 11" from Spitzbergen to Cajjc Barrow, indicating that the latter course
is shallower or more circuitous than the former. An average depth of 375 fathoms would suffice to bring the Dane Island
tide over a direct course to Cape Barrow. The feebleness of the Cai)e Barrow tide (the range is considerably less than a
foot) is not so marked as it probably would be after traveling 30 degrees over so shallow a course. The intervention of land
masses and a circuitous course through deeper waters is not imi)robable.
Pressure of other duties forbids a further discussion of this interesting series, and a number of important questions are
reluctantly left untouched. The laws of the tides in the Arctic seas, a region where the absence of controlling astronomical
forces is favorable to a species of titlal anarchy, can only be determined from a cordon of long series of observations generously
distributed about the polar basin. The establishment and maintenance by Lieutenant Greely of one such station, and his
])reservation of the records of observation, will be regarded as a substantial contribution to science by all interested in this
branch of physical inquiry.
o"' laicr, or
o-ti(lal liour
)tiilal hour
11 likelihood
;ir phases at
continually
:cT and 0.4''
)f the other,
,(hcd somc-
13ut other
: is substan-
s on a more
• (see Table
ioing north-
would dificr
)rth of Fort
showing the
je remarked
rt. This is
ined effects.
ncll Land is
considering
tly over the
itzbcrgen as
^2.5'', or the
itter course
ane Island
less than a
ion of land
lestions are
stronomical
generously
on, and his
ted in this
— u
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*
i:h
TIDAL OBSE
Hi
TIDAL OBSERVATIONS. PLATE I
SEPARATION OF THE DIURNAL M
ATION OF THE DIURNAL AND SEMI-DIURNAL WAVES.
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TIDAL OBSERVATIONS.
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TIDAL OBSERVATIONS. PLATE 11.
FIQ. 1. EPOCH AND AMPLITUDE OF
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EPOCH AND AMPLITUDE
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IIDAI. OIISKRVATIONS. I'l.ATK II.
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TIDAI. onSEkVATlONs.
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IM'XDULIM 0 lis F.R VAT IONS.
Ai'ri.NDix III.
A pi'iKhiliiin rurnishcil by llic U. S. Coast .iii.l (icoilcti.- Survey was swiiiiu forty d-ht
as rc^iards c.iu:il)Io temperature, and onrrespondinK ^^^-'ts "f time oliservatiuiis wm; m-uuC
Detailed information on this point has been given the Co.isi Survey, to win. h ,ilil,e these ohse
ber J4, 1.S.S6.
lines under favonblo rnnditinns,
lAMtioiis were sent Septeni-
A. w . c;.
PENDULUM OnSERVATloXS.
Report by C. S. I'l.ikci:.
In iS8t the Chief Signal OfTirer applied to the Superintendent of the Coa.t and Geodetic Survev for pen.hilmn appa-
ratus, mstruetions, etc.. to enable I-ieutenant Creely to determine the acceleration of gravity at I.ady Franklin Day. Mr.
Carlisle P, Patterson, then Superintendent of the Survey, was a man of high intelligence'. aiurth,)u-h he did not class' himself
among scientific men, yet had for so many years conducted investigations in asso( iaiion with iheiii that he understood most of
the conditums of success in scientific woik. He at on.e put me into personal commiini( ation with Lieutenant Creely, and
instructed me to do what was necessary to further the end in view, without hampering the business bv ie<iuiring the observance
of intricate forms. We were just then < ommencing the construction of the series of Peirce pendulums. These instruments
will be elsewhere described, and it is only necessary to say here that they are invariable reversible pendulums of nearly cylin-
dricai contour, so that the elTects of viscosity can be theoretically ascertained.
It was agreed that Lieutenant Greely should take with him No. i of this series of pendulums, and that lie should send
me one of his companions, Mr. K. Israel, to be instructed in the use of the instrument. \'eiy little time remained, however,
after the completion of the pendulum before it was necessary to pack it up for transportation. The prcliminarv oi.eiations iii
Washington were therefore somewhat hurried. Eight swingings of the pendulum were made in room No. C, in the basement
of the Coast Survey building. This station had never been used before, and I unhappily found out, too late, that the saiid-
ctone piers had the peculiarity of bending back and forth by a considerable amount under the os. illating pendulum, without
el.istic restoration. Accordingly, it became of the very highest moment for the success of the whole work that these pieis, or
rather the entire dolmen, should be preserved intact, so that the pendulum could \k again swung on the same suiiport after
its return. Unfortunately, while I w,is afterwards in the field, a naval ollicer was permitted to remove the stone ca])ping the
piers, to carry with him to South America, in order, ai)parently, to save the trouble of culling a hole in a plank. The result is
th.at these prelimi-.ary swingings must be reg.arded as of no value. The position of the center of mass of the pendulum was
determined by me before it was sent out; and the distance between the knife-edges was carefully compared with the (Jennan
normal meter. No. 49, to which I have referred the lengths of all the reversible pendulums used bv me.
The pendulum was finally placed in a wooden box having holes bored in it in such a way as to permit air to be blown
through it and through the hollow stem of the pendulum; and a current of air, thoroughly dried with chloride of calcium, was
passed fur a long lime through the box, which was then stoppered, placed in a tin case, and soldered u]i. TTie object of this
proceeding was to prevent the pendulum being found covereil with frost when wanted for use in its arctic destination. TTien
701
702
Tin: LADY I'KA.NKI-IN IJAY KXI'KIHTION.
tlu' iicniluluiu «.is larricd to FDrt Coiiult, liy lar ilu- iim'*! norihcrly itation which ever hi» been or i-* rvcr likely to l»e otcu-
|iiiil for cx;at nc ientific oliservations, ami it was there swung on siniecn tl.iy» by Lieutenant (Ireely, aiileij by Mr. Israel, with
a rem.irkable iie^;ree of skill and enerny.
riie ilirx lions a( cotiiiianMnn the in>triiment were that the |icmlulu" . loulil be swudk on ei^ht <lays, onu- eat h ilay with
heavy end il<>\vn .iinl twiie with heavy end u|>, the one swin^jing in the foimrr position \n:\i\g intermediate in lime between
the two in i!u- i.itler. Afier tliese ei^ht days' s\vingini;s the knives were to be ii-moved and inlenhanneil, and ei^lit days more
wDik was to be d>>ne in the same manner in the new position of the knives. I lis |iro^ramine was fiilhfiilly larried out ; but
alter the interehange of knives the |)eriods of oscillation show a larjje change, and this is of hUih a ehararler as not to be elim-
inated by tlie formula for tlie reversible pendulum. This seems to have been due to a dilTirence in the rylindrit ily of the
edj^es, (iimliined with tiie elVei t of some a< tident to the pendulum. 'Ihe lesult is that only the observations made after the
interehanyc of knives can be used.
On the abandonment of Fort Con ^;er the head upon which the pendiilui i Iiad been supported in its os< illations (the
beaiin>;s of the knilced^;es formin>,' a part of it) was left behind; but the peiidulu n itself was courageously brought away and
tarried down to the cam|i, from whii h the survivors of the parly, of whom the lannnteil Israel was not one, were res( ueil. It
seems almost inconceivable that any instrument could have p>ne through that terrible journey over it e hummot ks, etc., inlai t.
The chronometer brought back at the same time arrived almost sinashe<l It) piet es. Nevertheless, a remeasuremeni of the
peiululum after its return lo Washington shows that it had only umlergtine an int rease of ;i„o„i)< •' change wliii h might almost
be expected without any special acciilent: namely, in June, 1881, the pemlulum wa:> fouml 397.2 microns longer than Meter 49,
and in Detemlier, 18S4, it was found 4^9.3 microns longer, both at io"" C. The |)endulum was ost illaleil at the Smithstmian
Institution, and, iiMUg the formula for the reversible pendulum, these experiments give a value ft)r [gravity at that st.ition
agreeing closely with that given by our best pendulum, I'eircc No. 2, antl in act onlance with other results: namely, the peritxl
of o>cillation t)fa meter i>endulum (subjet t to some small correi lions) was, according to No. i, 1.00^13191*, while at t tirtling
to No. 2 it was 1.006.^186'. This slunvs that the knixesof rendulum Nt). 1 never umlerwent any permanent tlam.ige.
Hut, though there was so little change in the length of the peiululum, there is cvitlence that it lost a large part of its mass.
In i8Si illness prevented my weighing the pemlulum myself, ami it was not weigheil at all in its fmishetl slate. Hut my
assistant re|iorieil th.U while still symmetrical, antl alter ha\ ing been jiolisheil, its mass was 6477 grams, th.it the atldetl loail was
.1985 grams, ami that in the atljustmeiit 4.6 gr.ims were tlediu led, so th.it its total mass must have been 10457 grains. My
experience in the tonstruttion of other pemiulums shtiws that the mass so calculateil was probably in excess by 5 or 10 grams,
owing to the ojieration of polishing. Hut the pendulum now weighs only 10436 grams, so that it woulil seem to h.ue lost
from 10 to 15 grams, probably on the journey fioin lort Conger to l'am|i Clay. The tenter of mass, Itio, was apparenily
mo\Ld 0.32 millimeter lowaid the center of figure. Namely, I fouml in 1881 that the tlistance from the center of m iss lo
the nearest knife edge was 25.105 centimeters, while Mr. K.uipihar now finds that with the same arrangement of the kniM's the
same clist.ime is 25.137 tentimeters; yet as ecoiiomit al (onsideralioiis h.ive alw.iys preveiiled our exjieiuling the sum tit $50
retiuireil for a suitable instrument In measure this tjuantity, I should not think these measures by themselves conclusively proved
athange. This, how e\er, is not all. Theext ess t)f the |)eriod of ost illalion with the he.ivy eml tlowii over that witn the heavy
end up, corrected for tlexure and brought to the standanl pressure antl temiierature (one absolute atmosphere anil 15" t!.), was
+ 0.0006514", while the correspomling ilifTerence at Washington, after the return, was ft)und tti be -f 0.0007001/. The differ-
ence between these corrected for tliffereme of gravity is -f 0.0000494". This result, not depemling upon the (oelticieiitof
expansi<in, is probably nearly ctirrei:t. Hut there is an eiiualion to be satisfied between the loss of weight, the shifiing 01 the
center of mass, and the change of jieriod. Moreover, any two of these <iuantities determine the |ioint (supposetl on the axis
of the pendulum) where the loss took place; ami the tjuestion arises whether this was a point at whit h such a lo.ss louhl lake
j)lace. Now, there are but three jioints where the loss was possible. One of these is 3 t entimelers outside of the knife-etlge
at the heavy end. If 12 grams were lost at that point the tenter of mass woulil be shilteti by 0.3 j millimeter, the amount
observed; ami tlie excess of the period with heavy end down over that with heavy end up would be int reased by -f o.oooo.t72\
or very nearly the amount obscrvetl. The agreement of these numbers temls to show that the alteration whith the pemlulmn
umlerwent during its homewartl journey diti not involve any dilTerence in the distance between the knife-edges, so that the
pemlulum may still be treated as invariably reversible, though not as two invariable pemiulums.
Having thus narrateil the history of the instrument, I proceed to consider the dilTiculties of tleilucing any result from
the observations. The atmospheric jircssure at Fort Conger exhibits no great range, ami tloes not tlilifer much from that at
Washington, so that the small corrections can be satisfactorily calculated from theory. The case is far otherwise with the
tem])erature corrections. The tlifTerencc of tcm|)craturc between the two stations was about 50° C. This woulil make so
much difference in the effect of the atmosphere as to involve it in some doubt. Still, as long as the pendulum is treated as
ievcrsil)le. but not as invariable, except as to the distance between the Anife-edges (a treatment necessitated by the circum-
stances just narrated), this is a matter of little conscuucnce.
suit from
im tluit at
with the
make so
ircatcil as
le circura-
Tlli: I-\I)Y IKANKI,|\ PAY KXl'KDITION.
703
The ccoiru iiiil i>( lApahsion «>f ihis pcn-hihiin, an. I ,.f aiioiIiLr, IVirrc iVo. .|, ronstriK UmI of brass pur. Iu^^•.l .11 il:c same
tiim- as ih.' initcriil ..f No. 1, was .IctiTiiiiiicl by romparisons ..f those peixhilunis wiili a nulir iiiirkcl I'. S. C. S.— C. S.
I'.— i«7.H"lt., at (lilliriMit li'inpcratiires. This bar was nia.lc at tlic same time as ami is in ev.ry nspc t a maf 1> 'viih the
meter A, who.e roeirii ieiit ui expai)M..n was .arelully .IctermiiiL.l by m.' an.l puMi>lie.l in my Me.isMniutnts of Cravity at
Iniii.il Siati.ms.* This meter il has a series of ililVerent luies at one en.l. I he nu m of ten skilllul i..mpariMm> by Mr. I), {•.
Chapm.m. <.n five .lays ..f |»e< . inber. iSS,, between peu.liilum \o. 1 an.l meter II, lAen at its outer line, mikes ilie pen.lulnm
longer b) 4-i5i.r.'' | o.^- at i8.»0 1 ami the mean ..I li\e . i.inp.iri-.on-i ..n two d.iys by the same oli^erxer during llie same
month makes the same excess j^a.yM 1 o.i" at 30.9., C. Ihe expansion of tiie pen.hiiuni was, ,n< n.r.ling lo these measures,
0.7 1" less than that of the meter per decree. Six < ..mp.irisons ..f pen.lulum I'eir.e No. 4 witii the same meter at the third
line from tlie. iid, made m liie presioiis O.t-.ber, .m three da)s, make the ex. . of the |iendulum — o../ I o.j» at i6.83^ a 1
six (.impirisoiis ,.n lour days in tlu- sime month, all by the same excellent observer, make llie exeess -6.5" I u. p' at i^.^i".
I'his ni\es for the ex. ess of ihe exp.Mision per .le^ree (entij;ride of the pemlulum o\er meter II, - 0.65M ; but I jnefer to use
Ihe <.ini|iarisMns .it Pen.lulum N.i. i; and sin.e the toelfu lent of meter A w.is iWund to be iS.qsc wc assume i.S..vp' for the
l>en.hiluin. At ,in extremely low tenijieratiire this coetrK ient woid.l, of course, be smaller. The coetiieient iS.jj« is for the
temperalur.' ..f .'(.6' C. Now, I'i/e.iu (C<'//i/>fr( r,/i,/tts, I, Will. p. 1 ij;) examine.l a sjieeimen of brass whose coetfu ient of
expaiision at :\.(>' C. was iS.jS nnlli.iiiths; ami this toellieient was lound to in. le.ise 1.96 imlhonths jier 100' (', of clevati.m
(if temper.iture. .\h the first eoolluient was so nearly tlie same as that of IVndulum No. i, we may assume that the se(ond
wiiul.l be so. too. I'iu! ol)servati.)nsat Fort ( 'oiijjer after the interelian,i;e of the knives were at a ukmu lempeiMiure of —30.4° C.
To redui e them to +15" C. we must use the r.ieffuient f.ir -7.7'' C, and since this is ^;.f b.iow the temperature fur uhiih
the coellieient was oiiservcd, we calculate the eoelficieiit to be used as follows:
{'oertiiient of expansi.)n at 24.6 =iS,'j mi. roiis per ilej^ree C.
Correction to —7.7" t'.= i.9Cx.323= .f<3
.•. CoelVicient .if expansion at— 7.7' ('.= 17.61
Kxperiments at ditTorcnf stations, especially in \Vashinj,'ton and in Ithaca, show, however, conclusively, th.ii while the
life, ts of temperature cal. u,,,,v ,1 from the exp.iiision and the atin.ispheric theory answer well enough for he.uy end up (in
win. h position the atmospherii- eftecis, beini; three times as great .is with heavy en.l down, gre.iily re.lucc the etiect of exp.in-
sion), \et with heavy eml .l.)wn the elfe. I of temperature on the perio.l is iiuk h l.irger in f.u t th.m the theory iiiilic.ites. Sim-
il.ir phenomena h.ive preseiite.l themselves to m.my ex|)ermKnlers ; and the Liter Rejisiilil iieiululums ina\' be said t.> be almost
exi tptional in not showing anything of the sort to any in. irked extent. The cause of the plunoineuon .an only be surmise. 1.
In order to determine the proper value of tlie expansion t.i be use.l iu re. In. in;; the periods it would be necessary to le.ive
a pendulum support nn.listurbj.l for six months and re-f)C( iijiy the same st.iiioii at the end of th.il time ; an.l in order to un.ier-
siand the effect sulficieiitly to allow for it with certainty it should be siu.lie.l through a large range of temper.iture. l'i>r this
jiurjiose a station like Minneapolis should be chosen. 15ut in the present state of our knowledge, and in a case like this, the
expansi.)H de.hiced from linear measures must be used,
Klaborate observations upon the descent of the arc were ma.le by .Mr. Israel, and these have been reduced by .Mr. II.
Fanpihar, of the Coast and (leo.letic Survey, .according to the method given in my •' Me.isurements of (Iravity at Initial Sta-
tions," with some improvements in detail. In the following tables these observaii.ins with the reductions are fust given, and
are fillowed by the observations of periods, an.l then by the measure of llexure. In these Mr. Israel s.ays he used " the
weight of 2.5 pounds;" but I think tliat this must have been the weight which in the Coast Survey Report for iSSi, p. 377,
is said to weigh 1.0818'' = 2.38 lb., and I have so treated it in the reductions.
» U. S. Coast Survey Report for 1876, Appendix 15.
704
THE LADY FllASKl.IN IJAV KXPKDITION.
DiriYinrnf of atw — Oliu-n'Cif Do t in swin^^s with hi-iivy nij up.
<>
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.029
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. cxx;
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4
6
7
9
10
13
16 . 18
19
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1.0 1.0
-- 13
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4.1 4.1
5.0 4.2
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17 V.8
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1.7 2.0
1.9 2.0
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2-9 3-2
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4.8 4.7
4-9 6.4
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--- 33
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2.7 3.0
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4.2 4S
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1.2 1.3
1,7 1.7
1.7 1.9
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37 3-2
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5.2 4.2
S-S 57
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[6.9] —
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57 51
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2.8 2.7
31 30
31 30
37 33
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4.5 4.1
5-5 5-4
— [7..]
... 1.9
... 2.2
... 2.S
2.0 2.3
2.3 27
2.2 2.7
2.3 3-2
2.5 40
2.8 4.9
3-6 5-3
4S S-6
47 70
[5.2] ...
... 2.0
1.8 2.0
1.9 1.9
2.1 2.1
2.1 2.1
2-4 2.5
2.3 2.4
31 31
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S.I 4.9
S-o 57
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0
21
22
23
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39
43
46
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45 4-6
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6-1 55
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37 3-5
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5.7 ..-
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2.9 30
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4-5 5«
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33 40
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[5"]--
m. HI.
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1.9 1.9
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3-3 35
36 4-5
4-6 4-5
S.o 5.2
5-3 7-0
NuiE.-Tlic nolatiuii is that uf " MeaSur«meiils of Gravity at Initial Stations.'
THE hAlJV 5UANKLIN HAY JiXI'KDITIOxV.
705
Ohscnrd a, till swiii^^s uuth luavy ni./ ,i,
WC'fl.
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1 3-2
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33
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I 2. 2
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7.8
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11.6
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17.6
M
706
TIIH LADY FRANKLIN 15AY KXI'KDITION.
M
Cihiiliilii'ii oj ttmc oj infiiiiti- tiir Jroin itl>pivxii>uitt- ,
^n loll
l-M II"
(.5) 4"
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III.
III.
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11.8
III. III. III.
23.7 : 37.1 ....
--- 24-' I .?9- I
23.7 .... i 37.0 ....
— 23.9 30.0 38.7
22. 3 .^6. 3 38. 2
... 23.(1 35.6 38.1
III.
59-2
59. 9 I 40. 6
59-9 !
"I.
4"- 3
40. 2
-- I 4"''
58.9 59.8 40.4 ....
.... Oo. o > 40. 2
23.0
22
22
-•2- 5
■!"-5
20.3
24.0
24. 1
24. o
.'40
-'4. 3
24- 3
24.4
24.7
-•4-7
24.9
24. 9
25. 4
-•5 3
25. I
25.6
.^5-2
.55- 8
35-7
35-3
34-9
3-i- «
ii- 9
.US
.54.7
35- '
35-2
.54-8
34- 2
.^3- 2
32. 8
32.2
30,8
27- 3
.18-9
39.0
.?90
.18. 9
.?8.5
.58.5
39- 2
39 9
40.5
41. 6
42.0
42.3
42. I
42.7
42.8
43-5
43- 3
42-3
58."6
58."s
58."4
58.2
5S.3
57-9
57- f'
55- 9
60. 2
60.5
60. 4
60. 5
61. I
f.i:5
62.1
41. 1
41.2
41-3
4 1 . ()
417
42- 3
42. 6
42.7
43- '
43- <>
43 5
4» 2
9. 4 9. 4
(). 9 In o
'"5 "3
Id. o 11.5
2.V4
22. 7
2 2 "*
20. 6
239
24- 3
-5 1
25.4
36.6 38.6
34. 7 40- 2
33.1 42.8
27.8 42.0
59. I 59- 9
58. 4 60. 5
57.8 61.7
55-9 63. fi
40. 6
40.8
41.0
41. I
4I-7
41.5
41.(1
41-9
42.5
42. 2
4.!-3
41 7
42.1
40. 5 40. 2
41.7 4«o
43.2 42.0
44.5 42.0
I3-6
13. 6
14.0
«3-9
14. o
13.9
14. I
1 3' 9
13- 5
13-7
14.0
14.0
>3-9
'3 3
12.4
II. 8
15.8
15.9
16. 4
If'. 5
1(1. 8
17.1
III.
50. 2
50.0
49.9
50.0
49.8
'7-
17-
'7-
18.
19. o
19. 8
20. 7
20. 9
21.8
■J9. 3
49. 3
49- "
48.7 ...
49.'
48.9 ....
49.2
49.0
49. 2
49. 2
49. I
49. 3
- - - 49- 5
49. 3
49.2
48.4 ....
Ii5 15.1
■ 3-8 17.1
13 ') 20. I
12.5 22.9
50.1 49.9
49. o 49. I
49. 3 49- 4
48.4 49.0
.(47)
0"
III.
III. 1
57-7
!
- . - _
57-1 1
56.4
i
55-2 1
55- 0
53.7
1
50.5
■ * "."
49.7
49.6
;
- _ - _
49.5
48.9
49. 4
49- 2
... - -
48.5
47.2
-. - _
478 ;
47- 9
48.7
47.2
.... 1
.t6. 1
47.6
49. ()
45.(1
j
....
(48) 5"
52
5
5
56.4 55-8
48. 9 41). o
47-4 47-4
49.2 45.0
5-3
5"3
5-4
5.7
S"6
6.' 2
6.5
6.9
7.0
7.6
"7'8
79
3 5-3
2 6.5
4 75
9 7-9
I- V
-■
49 ■ 3
'■ .!
. .
49.0
. 7
--
49. 1
•9
49-2
.0
49-2
. 2
49. 1
49-5
•3
49-2
•4
--
. I
49-9
. 0
49- "
•3
49.4
•4
49.0
48)
5''
;/.
W.
■>
53
■ 3
5-3
• 3
5-4
"6
V'l
.8
S.6
6.2
■9
6.S
. 2
. _ -
6.9
.0
- __
_ ,
7.0
. 2
fi
7.6
7.8
•3
7-9
•4
•3
. 2
■4
S-3
75
TIIK LADY FRANK UN HAY EXPEDITION.
I'altics oj (till/ I'J tlic ratio li,;rvy t'lid (li<;oii to hravy riij 11/',
No. of swings.
Heavy civl
down.
III.
'. 2- 3
1 10. 3
4. 5. f>
ill. 1
7. s, 9
114. 9
10, II, 12
no. 7
«3. < 4. 15
[ 5'>. 3]
lf>, 17, IS
115-7
19, 20, 21
112.6
2i, 2,?. 24
113. 1
25,26,27
109. 1
28, 29, 30
113. I
3«.32.33
112. 0
34. 35. ?'>
1 13.0
37. 3S. 39
119. 0
40,41.42
105.4
43. 44. 45
III. 7
46,47, I'i
roo. 9
Ratio,
ilowii ; up
:'!'■ I
370
3S.7
2.9i
36.6
38.6
•95
3S-3
40.3
•92
3S. I
,21.5]
40.7
.91
37. ?
39- 9
.87
39-9
38.5
.87
41-5
41.1
■74
39-9
40.9
.70
37-9
39- 7
.91
39- I
41. I
•79
3«.4
38. r>
■ 94
41. 0
41.6
.88
37.7
40.3
.70
38. 8
39"
.87
41.2
41. I
•45
Fort Conckr. ri-Siu hm, Pkirck No, i,
UK.WV KND DOUN'.
709
No. of
'rempcTa
Pressure.
Me.in instant, first
.Mean instant, last
.\rc cor-
No. of
L'ncnriccteil
.
Interval.
oscilla-
Kale.
.mil face.
tiire (!•).
tr.m.Mi.s.
transits.
rection.
tions.
pcrioii.
0
in.
//. /;/.
s.
/;. III. s.
i.
s.
J.
2B
- 9-5
29. 892
S 01
50. 956
10 18 58. 229
0.085
8227. 187
8190
I. 00454c 5
+ 293
Si--
10. 1
29. 9 if)
l> 21
54- »^77
8 43 25. 124
0.087
.S490. 360
S452
•- 0045337
+ 293
8 V
— 10.8
29- -^25
5 45
40. 0O(>
8 07 51, 636
0. ogfi
•''5,i'-5,i5
^^493
1.0045372
+ 293
II F
-14.6
29. i)ii)
5 5'
16.041
8 12 45. 177
0. 088
,S4SS. 14S
8450
I. 0045145
+ 293
14 H
IS. 3
3"- "41
7 4'
37. 613
9 16 14. 870
0.044
5077. 211)
5f'52
1.0044611)
' 293
17 It
— !(.. I
29. 84 1
(. 51
10.445
9 '4 29.119
0. o9()
8598. 578
85 (>o
1 . 0045068
+ 293
20 li
-16.0
2(). 2.Sf)
7 53
5I1, 610
10 25 41- 479
0. 093
<)lo4. 776
9064
I . 0044986
+ 293
23 1''
- 15-4
29. 7S9
805
37- 325
ID 28 47.1)1)8
0. 090
8590, 5S4
S552
I. 0045117
+ 293
■ 26 F
— 18. 1)
29.717
s ;s
0(). 007
ID 53 30. 815
C.083
S.io-. 725
8271
1 . 0044402
+ 294
29 F
- 20. 8
2>). 1)75
8 0(1
30. 1S4
'o 37 34- 324
0. 093
0064. 047
()024
1.0044378
+ 294
32 H
-21.3
29. 77(.
S 05
19.742
10 32 42. 974
0.094
S,S43. 13S
8804
1.0044455
+ 294
35 1"
21. S
29 999
8 iS
25-3.<'
10 41 07. 292
0. Ol)0
8501.871
S524
1.0044429
-f 294
38 11
21.6
29. 44(1
10 II
28. 548
12 37 41- 455
0. oi)5
,S7-.^,Sl2
f<734
1.0044438
+ 340
41 F
25.0
2(). 872
11 01
36. 205
II 13 17.033
0. 084
7900. 744
7,806
1.0044170
4.?40
44 1"'
— 2(). ()
2.), 821
8 38
41-315
10 56 14. 701"
0. oS()
S250. 302
8214
'- 0044195
+ 340
47 H
25-9
29. 2S7
9 01
45.7S2
1 1 o,S 54. 270
0. otiS
7628. 420
7595
1 . 0044003
+340
710
TIIK LADY FUANKI-IN HAY HXl'KDITION.
F"('ki- CoNcKK, PKNDrn'M, Pkik(|-. Nn. 1 — Contlmicil.
IIKW V KMt IT.
No. of ...
an.l face' '"•^^^'■)-
\llMII illsl.Ult, lll>l
IniiiNit-..
4 '■
U 1!
7 1!
') 1"'
lO li
12 I'
ISK
If) K
iS IS
10 15
;i i;
22 i;
2 , I
25 li
27 I-
2,S K
so li
31 I!
34 M
.V I!
37 1;
40 I!
42 1-
43 1-
45 !■'
4*) I'
4S
<). <)
10. I
10. 0
<). ^
"S
U). S
I V ^
I,;. .S
10. S
o
— 15
— If)
—'5
II),
i()
'5
ii>.
IS,
IS
20.
20. 2
21. S
21. I
22. 4
—-'5
-2()
III.
2(). S7 ?
21). 91 )S
20. 04^
2)J. <)2S
2.). S29
20. S ;(i
2i|. 1)>.X1
29. 94S
30- 043
30. 036
20. 8<)2
29. ■;Sq
!')■ M^i
29. 267
29. 7'if'
21). 7,S()
20. «>(.s
■!'» 7.';5
2l).9<)0
29. 05.S
29. 760
29- 793
29. 997
29. 1)0')
20. 4SS
-'<■ 393
20. S42
29. .Sg9
2(). S.U
21). cS JO
-'>• 373
20. 21;.
//. III.
5 20
II IS
4 15
10 02
3 5.S
5 .,.,
4 <)()
5 50
«' '3
10 29
5 M
10 00
'^' '3
11 IS
6 2.S
I I Oi)
f) :;7
12 04
f) \o
II 44
f) 20
II iS
() 2(1
II 14
S 22
13 SO
7 ^4
II 44
(. 5S
II 34
7 14
1 1 |o
I ;
'4
41. 202
5.V413
43- 0-2'**
39- ^>^2
"3- 7<^'
24. 040
3I-5SS
57 0'\?
25. (,25
2.5. 92S
37- 2(^)
05. 9S5
5S. J20
.',2. Sol
37-'"i
2;,. Ill)
34 o>'7
42. 121
29. S(.|
-o- ,S,i5
57. SN9
'3- 7'^ I
;i. 51 iS
01. 2 ;(i
20.471
44. (.40
32- 24.')
;,S. 207
%>'. ioi
SO. f).?2
04 . .S( 1 ;
A. III.
0 iS
12 oS
5 "2
10 55
4 40
9 35
5 <ic>
9 21
6 51 )
10 50
6 10
10 S2
7 04
12 05
7 'S
12 00
7 47
43- IIS
01. S112
of). 354
3<'- S4>i
2,S()
373
573
I -'7
l()S
"55
55
IS
37
10
09
17
00
12
14 41
S oi(
12 30
7 4f>
I 2 22
S oS
'-' 35
35- "91
II. 1S2
07- •'^73
2I.,SoS
00. 475
37- "<»<*<
5S -)I5
40. S73
43. 2S(.
02. 015
4S. 105
35 S02
17.52S
54- 3"7
.^.^- 'K>4
55.326
22. i|lK)
30. <)2fl
15. 2S4
43 212
OI). oi)S
03. 470
.\rc cor-
rcctiun.
(). 027
o. 027
o. 024
0.027
o. 02S
o. 02S
o. 024
o. ooS
o. 019
o. on
o. 029
o, 029
o. 029
o. 02S
o. 027
O. 02i)
o. 020
o. 029
o. 027
O. 02c)
o. 02S
o. 051
O. o'2,S
o. 027
o. 030
o. 02S
o. 026
o. 02S
o. 02S
o. 025
o. 031
o. o ;o
liitcrNMJ.
s.
21)67
727
1 2i)60
665
2770
017
1 3170
4't3
: .)<>2I
S7(,
i 2057
"30
322S
(kxi
1 I4S0
53'
2574
(.07
: 1275
21S
1 3551
7)5
1 .v>9.;
ss.,
!<"'!•
SV)
2963
4(K)
2>»73
555
.1^59
,S(iS
3"35-
77^'
.i"'''5-
•'<57
2SS1.
l.iS
3152.
1 1 "1
3"27-
<'.U
.^"37-
672
.i<'6 (.
700
27S2.
7n
3".)2.
6iS
3'»>!5
S26
2(.7S.
2S7
275s.
'•'53
N... of
ii'.iill I
tiol)^.
2S57. 050
2So(). S.SO
3190. 275
3298. 636
2956
2041)
27IK)
3 1 "4
31)10
2040
32 1 II
147''
2504
1271
35 ;^
30S2
3"5o
2052
21)1.2
3<'4^
3024
.>"5 >
2S70
314"
3oi()
3026
3'\52
2772
3021
,^"74
2M.S
274S
2S4h
2700
3l7f<
32S6
rncurrciliil
porioil.
s.
1.0039671
1.0030550
'■""3' '5 5.?
I. (K)3otS5
1.0030.(55
I, 01)31)509
I. ix)3oi7i)
I . ODJOlPlJO
I. 0030201
I . <x)33 1 00
I . 003SS21
i.<x)3S55o
I. (K);S,S.S|
I , tx)3SS22
I. 0030010
I. (H13S()3S
I. (K)3Si)2i
I. 003SS25
1. 00 jSS()7
I . (XI jSCios
1. <xi3S57i
1.1X13S572
I. (x)3So6i
1. 1.X13SO47
I. 003S523
I. (X)iS,|7i
I. ix)3S55S
I. (x)3S7(i7
I. (X)3SS25
l.(Xi;.So33
I. rKi;S025
I.(K)5,S455
Kate.
! 203
+ 203
I 21)3
t 293
i 293
I 20 i
i 203
i 2'»3
I 203
I 293
I 293
I 293
I 293
•! 21)3
i 293
! 293
! 21)3
i 293
! 21)3
1 203
1 293
I 293
i 293
I 34"
I 34"
! 34"
' 34"
I 34"
f .54"
! 34"
! 34"
i'l-MHU I \1, I'i'INi I \.). I.
in-..\\ V K\i) DOW.N.
I'lfliiic ii)li ii !i.iii'.4i' cif k]iivcs.
-No. of r
5
8
II
14*
•7
20
23
iDilu-niliDi-,
-i 132° !■'.
3
7
4-
2
I
4
4
2
9
-
2
S
2
2
! IViio.l .,,) ,, , ilcrioiUoirctlcl
^'^^"'''.' ri-clnlfor 'i'"!'" "'II'' I'll— 111! ror I Id iiif.ii) pross
29.7S4 in. ^^^^ inrrcitiipii. rnlni). iiiii- a))il u-hjixt
atiirc.
/«.
y
; 0. los
I. (X145110S
; 0. 152
5".')"
1 0. 04 1
5'"''5
• "• 135
543''*
10.057
53''i
-0. 4()S
527"
to, cos
S4IO
* .\i( cssarily rejei led (ill iii 1 mini of irrinular ilcsi c-nt nf the arc.
TUE LADY FKANKLIN IJAY KXI'KDITloN.
Pendulum, Pkirck No. i— Continued.
HK.WY END DO\VN-(„„tl,„u-.|.
After intercli.Tii^;c i>f knives.
No. of
■|\iii|Hraliirc',
rro.»Miri;,
Period roi
swim;;.
t 22.7" !•■.
i'l.y 57 in.
re; ..■il for
rale.
0
/«.
s
2fl
\ 3-8
0.020
1 . 0044696
29
+ '-9
+ 0. 2.{S
4672
32
■j ••4
1 o- <'39
4749
35
1 '■2
f 0.262
4723
3«
+ I.I
0. 291
477S
41
- 2.3
( o- '35
4S'o
44
- 39
1 0. 0S4
4535
47
— 3-2
—0. 450
4343
■rini|RiaUire l'ii>.,nre (or
eorreili(jn. leilion.
-179
- «9
- 66
~- 56
- 52
( loS
I "5"
lime of oscillation at 22.7" V. and 29.7 ^yi" |.te>Mir
Currectioii lo slandard alnins|iluTe
IC\|i,in.-.ioii lu 15" ( '.
Flexure
I'.levalion, 2 ; feel.
Corrected period.
+
3
34
37
f
41
10
i
ij
f't
Period coirecteil
to mean press
iMeand lein|jer
ature.
1.0044520
4.i4'>
4''77
46 JO
47"7
45'i'l
4706
45.S7
l.oo4462(>
- 6S1
+ 4014
f'SS
— 1 1
1.004729,!
711
1II'..V\V K.SD i:|'.
Iiefore inlerclianj;e of knives.
I
3
4
6
7
I)
10
12*
13
IS*
16
18
19
21
22
24
I'enipcratiire,
1
' I'rcssure,
- 29.794 in.
Period cor
reeled for
rale.
s
0
III.
( 3-7
\ . 079
I. 0059064
( 3.5
t- 114
>,S4j
t J. 6
(.148
9S46
t 4-4
)- 134
977S
1 2. I
\ • 035
974S
( 2.8
t.0.56
0802
~ 1.9
4 . 106
9472
3-2
+ .249
0554
- 2.9
-f.OQS
<)ii4
" 2.0
.014
885 2
- 30
-•45<-'
9 '74
2.4
-•5-!7
9115
— 2. 2
4. 002
9303
- 2.4
— .ooS
923'
.Mean
Temper.) lure Pressure cor
correction. ; rcction.
— 106
— too
-103
— 126
— 60
-- 80
+ 55
f 92
+ '83
•f 57
I 86
t 69
+ f'3
4 69
- 3i
- 48
- f'3
- 57
15
- 15
- 45
- 106
4- ('
4 '93
+ 22.,'
— I
+ 3
Period correclei
lo mean press-
ure and leni|ier
ature.
1 . 00 59825
9695
9680
9595
9'>73
<(7"7
9482
9540
9" 55
8015
9453
94"7
931 '5
93''3
1.00J94S5
•Necessarily rejeeteJ on account of irrcRuliir tlescer.t nf the arc.
712
Till-; LADY ri!ANKMN I5AY KXI'KIUTI'IN.
Pendulum, Tkirci No. i— Continual.
IIK.VV V KMi I'P ( iMilMiTicd.
AlUi inlt'rclinnijc uf knives.
27
.?<'
.14
.57
.V)
40
4-:
4.1
4.i
.(II
4^
I
4.1
4.4
23
2-4
I. I
•5
o. 2
0.4
1.6
1.3
2.8
^4
.?S
.?•.?
rri>siirc,
Jcj.7J() in.
ill.
.071
I •oi.j
I ■ 2J,<
■) . 222
I o?o
I -"57
I .2(>l
-f . 2(M1
- . 251
- ■.?4.?
4 . lo()
I ■ I'M
f . 09S
I .CK)4
- i('.\
-.51.S
rrriixl II T
riili'd fur
mif.
I.(x-)i()2l4
rili.S
• IIOO
8898
S,S64
88f>5
.S<)54
.S940
S.S6}
SSll
.S,S.)S
<>lo7
«)l('5
927.?
S<)»>S
>'7'»';
I Perioil corrt'Clnl
rtnitur.iliiri' I'tesMiri- cor lo iman pns^
rnrrrtliDii. rcilinii. iiir ami Icnipir
.itiiriv
inu'
nrric
vpaii
lixni
li'\al
I irrcc
22.6" !•. .Tiiil j().7;i,i" pr,
In >l.in(laril alrnosiiliiic
r CM ill.ilioi) nl
lion
iirU
lull,
Uil I
2.5 foil,
wrioil.
" '
"■"■
t
-118
1 .5"
1. ()Oi(»l26
126
- 8
89S4
f>.?
- 99
89.58
fH,
94
«7.1S
3»
'.?
8819
- 43
— 24
8798
6
III
K8.i7
II
IKI
88 19
- 46
( ICXJ
892,5
- J4
( MS
8<)22
f 80
45
«9.!.!
1 '«)
- 69
9107
t 100
42
922.?
+ '»S
40
9.128
1 «o<J
1 154
9228
1 lo<)
f 220
9124
ri-
1. ix)5S(M)o
+ 4006
— 220
- II
1.01)407.59
/•'/f.xuir of Pniihi'um Pj,r%.
Oh^nvrr, K. I>k.\i-.i, i.S.Si.
*
Ikfliitin^; f.nri-, ih,- Hui(^l,i ,,f 2.5 i„„inil.-i. [ Irealf.l .xs 2.3S lb.]
I rev. uiicr. at 12° K. — 0.001704I"
.Scale 7.843!" forward
.Scale 15 S5.S hack
.\l ceiikr knife-C(lf;c
\\\. pcnd. 2 5.0 lb. .-. MS
Flexure.
r.
0.299
0.656
0.414
.—0.0007 lo""
— 0.00686'" — I74.2M
Tllli LADY KKANKLIN lUV KXI'KDITI.^N.
Pendulum, I'iikci No. i.
I88l, June 1 1-14.
Comparison with Meter No. 49, nii,/,//e /</ii};s.
713
TempiTnliiri' V.
..l.st-rvi-,1 < '"•r.-clM.n ( .,rnrli„n ,
Mean
liiii' and P*^"'i>i'"i" liulum
meter.
70.3
'>9- J
<>9- S
69. 6
69. «
70. o
70. 2
69. 9
69.9
70.0
70.1
70. 2
70.3
f'9-S
69. 6
69. 8
"ver ini-lcr.i
+0. 2
— o. I
0.0
— O. 2
0.0
— O. 2
— O. I
-0.4
— O. 2
— O. 2
— O. 2
—0.2
— O. 2
-0. I
O. I
— O. 2
/'
399- 5
397- 5
39.S- o
400. 0
397- S
393- 5
39^'- 5
390.0
391. S
393- o
3yf>- 5
393- o
394- o
400.0
393- o
395- S
/'
|o. I
o. 2
-0. 2
O. I
— O. I
o. o
+ 0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-fo. I
-fo. I
— O. 2
— O. I
— O. I
/'
—2. I
-fl.O
0.0
+ 2.1
0.0
+ 2. I
+ 1.0
i-4. I
+2.1
+ 2.1
+ 2.1
+ 2.1
+ 2.1
+ 1.0
+ 1.0
+ 2.1
Corr. error of thcrmonietcr.s
At68°
corrcclcil,
/<
.397- S
398. 3
.597. 8
402. o
397.4
395- f>
397- f'
394- I
.393- f>
,105- I
,?9.S. 6
395- 2
39l'. 2
400. .s
.392. c,
397- 5
39*^- 9
J96. 6
397-2
Pendulum, Peirck No. 1.
1884, December 1-10.
Comparison with outer line oj Meter B.
Temperature
I'endulum
Reiiiiccil to
C.
— meter.
20° C.
0
/*
/'
17.24
+ 252.4
+ 251. I
18. II
+ 252.8
251.6
17.98
+ 253-2
250.1
18.19
+ 252.7
253- 9
IS. 38
+ 252.3
252-5
18. 82
+ 251.4
251.7
19. 00
+ 249.0
250. 3
19.74
+ 249.8
250.9
19.32
+249. 6
251. 1
19-83
-t 248. 0
250.9
30 30
+ 242.5
250.7
30-57
+ 241.9
250.9
30.92
+ 242. 1
250.7
31-45
+ 241.9
250.4
31-7'
+ 242.2
250.9
Mc.in pendulum — 7? ist line +251.2
1st line — ird line + 199. 4
/' 3rd line — No. 49 — 12. o
Correction to tliernionietcrs -j o. 7
+ 429.3
714
TIII<: LADY FRANKLIN HAY KXPKDITION.
I imw j;ivi- ;i sumin.iry ol the oliscrvatioiis made witli this jicndnliim in WasiiiiiKlim in i88.j-'85 '•>' '"t'. "'''> ''h' assist*
and- <>| Mr. U . 11. hairhcid.
Pendulum No. i.
l884-'.Ss.
Ai Smithsonian InMiliiiiiin, Wnshincliin, I), r.
Heavy I'liil iliiwii.
Ili'uvy I'liil ii|>.
No, of
1
! cinpiT.itiiri'.
I'nsMiro.
n r.
svvini;.
o
///.
,
1
Jn. I ^
J-).7ii
I5"«»5 -".S
J
JO. sS
j.». (.4.!
. j>)
.?
20. (1 J
-'»• "S.^
. JlJ
•»
2"- .S.<
,?o. <H4
. JJC)
S
JO. JO
J<». l>J4
•-'74
i>
JO. (l()
Jl). *>|,S
■ -.)- 1
7
JI.04
Ji». ,S()(>
. Jill
,s
Jl. IS
!"■ 078
. JOJ
')
-'"■ .1.1
,50. (),S|
• 2.1"
lo
JO. 54
,}(>■ <'4o
.J7(.
r 1
JO. 4,S
.?o. (>o8
.282
1 2
20, lO
io. 4<>2
.240
I5'X>.S- -i-tt
Minns
JO. 54
30.061
Cnrr. t.
slanil. nimiis.
-i -o'S
Kvpaii-
mil I.I 15" V.
-- •75-'
McAlllC
-i.of7
< ■•rriHt
■'1 lime
•5"0.i-l.S')
I I
,. No. of .,, . ,,
'//. „ I eniiieratiirf. rrc^siin,
swinj;. ■
20.7s
21.02
J I. J?
Jl. Jl
JO. ()()
JO. i)S
2 1 . 0 )
JO. I)()
III.
((). jso
{11. Jdli
io. 2S2
30. 300
!?"• !w>*
.?o. J.?6
,<o. 344
30. 402
Means
il.OJ
.?"-.?'7 502S.070
( iirr. 1(1 slaml ntnios.
I^\|l.ln^illn lo 15° ('.
Mexure
("orrecU'il time
10,000 (isc. Minplr |io!iihiliim lOf>C)5. Sk^
In romi).irin,Li the observations made nt Fort ('011,1,'er with tliose at Washington I shall make use of a fipire of the earth
\vhi(h 1 liave deduced from tiie tot.dity of the e\|ieriinents wiili Kater invariable |)enduhims down to and iiuludinj; the e.xpedi-
tion of .\lr. Kdwin Smith. In this disc ussion I have ascertained by least scjuares tliat the rorreetion for elevation is o.oo4o6».*
The (ciefticient of sin- </( i-. jj^.q}". and I have also introduced a term in sin' ((t-'i sin y/, the roetVic ient of which is i..-!2*.
this operatini; to increase the last etTect at the north pole. .\c cordinj,' to this di.scussion gravity is in excess at Washington by
+ 0.76".
Inasmuch as it is certain that the pendulum underwent some alteration between its last swinging at Fort Conger and its
s«ingin- at Washington, but of such a nature that the distance between the knife-edges was not altered, we have to comiiaie
the periods of the pendulum at the two stations, reduced .according to the i)rinc ijile of the reversible pendulum. This period
for this iiendulum is obtained by adding 8 in the seventh pKice of decimals to \ the period of heavy end down, minus \ the
period of heavy end up. This gives, at Fort Conger. 1.0050578" as the period of oscillation of the simple pendulum of the
same length between the knife-edges. We now proceed as follows:
2 lofj. of ])erio(l at Fort Conger
("orrection In ci|iialor
Corri'ciiiiM rrcini ii|ualiir and sea level to Washington
— statimi irinr at \Va^^lillglOll
— 2 lo^. |icrio<l at Wa-shington
— .station error at I'ort Conger
-f O. «343S2I
j o. OOJJI74
- o. 030.S904
70
- o. 0056982
-j-o. 0000033
It appears from this that gravity is slightly in deficiency at Fort Conger, by only — o..^3"; and since a careful scrutiny
of these observations has fully convinced me that they are by far the best that ever have been made within the arctic circle, it
is gratifying to find that they satisfy .so well the tigure already deduced by me, and that they go to confirm the reality of some
small harmonic function of the third order, such .as that which 1 have introduced.
*Hcre, as elsewhere, by 1 second in such a connection I mean one unit in the (iflh place of the common logarithm of gravity.
U' asMst-
TlIK LADV KKANKMN I5AY KXPKDITION. 7]5
MUMORANDUM IIV Till; iiKHCEK COMMANDING THK EXPEDITION.
It <iiilv i|,|KMr. \Kn\K-r. ill .1 in.ittri ol siirh iinportaiKx- to the scientific world as the pendulum observations of the Lady
Fr.iiikim i;.iy I'ivpcdition, th.it its coiiiinaiidiii},' olfircr shoui.l make some brief statements bearing on tlie opinions of I'rofessor
C. S. I'ciirc. whu h are believed to be erroneous. An opinion is expressed nii pa^e 702, as follows: "This seems to have been
dii.' to a difference of cylimlri. ity of the ed^es, , oinbined witli the etile( t of some a. (idem to the pen.liihmi." No adident
in any way, shape, or manner, oieurreil to this pendulum. It wun never handled by any one in reversion or suspensicm
cxceplinii bv tnvself: so that i ran sneak with a iitT>ioii;il ;iiiil iio..itiv.- Ln.>ul.>/l.r,. tiv.t ii, .n,i..i.,.„ ,-.i „.... 1 1 ...i.m.
EXPl.AMATORV NOTK.
Mr. Peirce, upon seeing the meinoiamhim by (leiicral (Ireely on page 715, desires to say that he is
sho( ketl to I'lnd that any words of his are construed as imputing blame— or, indeed, anything less than the
highest honor— to Cieiieral dreely or to Mr. Israel in regard to the treatment of the pendulum apparatus.
lie theiefore asks leave to make the following corre<tioiis to his report;
Page 702, third paragraph from the bottom, line .'. before the words "left behind" insert "very properly".
Same page, at the end of the last pai igr.ipii but one, insert: It will be seen that I merely set forth the
circuniMantial evident e in favor of a loss of mass for what it is worth, while limiting myself to the conclusion
stateil in the first two lines of the third paragrajih on i)age 714. Moreover, whatever may have been the nature
of the ;dteration of tlu' pciiduhim, I hold, as implied in the sentence above, beginning •' It seems almost incon-
ceivable", etc., that it was absolutely unavoidable. Pemlulums Ireipiently undergo such changes under the
most careful handling.
Mr. Peirce desires further to say that his report contains no kind of reflection upon the management of
the Coast and Cieodetic Survey, except that it does make a ipiite unavoidable protest against a certain
derangement of ajjparatus under a former administration of the Survey. Mr. Peirce wishes to say as little
as ]iossible about a matter now past ami gone; but he must not be understood to admit that the various
surmises ottered in ilefense of the act complained of are in accortlance with the Idiots, nor that they would
constitute a sufticient vindication even if they were so.
In regard to the many criticisms in this Ajjpendix upon himself", Mr. Peirce will reply to them in another
|ilace. He has here only space to remark that the iletermination of gravity has been signally successful, and
that the only iloubt which aftet ts the result, namely, that which relates to the temperature-correction, is des-
tined to be resolved in liiii' time by the me.ms imlit aled tow:ui| the end of the se(<inil paragraph on page 703.
-tiiii^iiic III 01
ji .sum acciuciiis ,1111 iinsiiaps eri:iiiies tnose (Hscussing tne observations to apply suitable corrections, on the
other hand any misstatements or denials might result in misleading the zealous student of such observations.
It is admitted that the preliminary observations with this pendulum in Washington, under conditions left entirely to Pro-
fessor Peirce, were practically failures, through whose fault I know not. To the embarr.assments, discomforts, and privations
which Mr. Israel and myself (the former very indifferently instructed in pendulum work, and myself without any definite
verbal and no written instructions) experienced in making these observations should not be added the ch.irgc of having injured
the peiululmn (which was luvcr wfig,hi-d in its fini^lud utatc iiittd afkr its return) and caused a considerable loss of mass without
adducing the dearest proof that such mass had been lost while in our possession. These statements of Professor Peirce
have been maturely made after being assureil by me that no injury came to the pendulum and that no such loss of mass was
possible. 1 leave it to the scientific world to pass on this matter.
A. W. C.REKLV,
Late Commanding Lady Franklin Bay Expedition,
Washinc.ton, D. C, Juh\ 18S8.
714
TlIK LAI»Y KUANKIilN HAV KXI'KIHTION.
I now i^ivc a suinm.iry of tl\i; oI)!.crvalii)ns maili- with this |icniluliiiii in WahliinKlun in i«84-'85 by mc, with tl»c assist.
anci' i>\ Mr. W. i;. I'.iirtii.lil.
riCNKUI.UM No. I.
i«84-'«S.
At SmilliMiiij.in IrKtilnliiin, \V.isliiiij;t(in, tt. ('.
Iliai V niil iliuMi, 11 lliiiw ( ii'l (III
N". of ,,
ompiTitiinv
l'ri'>Mirf.
Hf
No. of
n'-' -t 0.004 ;,.S .31
I orriiliiiii III finiator j 0.002.' 1 7.J
Cnrnclidn fnim i-.|iiatnr a\u\ sc.i level to Wabhinj;liin - o. ojiiS</J4
- .>.lati(in irrnr at Wasliin^ioii 76
— 2 log. pcriud at Wasliiinjtoii 0.00561^82
-station error at I'ort ("onjjer
-fo. 0000033
It appears from this that gravity is slightly in deficiency at Fort Conger, by only -o.^V: •tnd since a careful scrtitiny
of these observations has fully convinced tne that they are by far the best that ever have been made within tlie arc tic circle, it
is gratifying to find that they satisfy .so well tiie figure already dediiceil by me, and that they go to confirm the reality of some
small harmonic function of the third order, such as that whicli 1 have introduced.
*H<rf. ns tlsewjurc, l>y i secoii.l in such a connection I mean uiie unit in tlie liflh place of the common logarithm of ^;ravity.
Till-; I.ADV FKANKLIN MAY liXI'liDITION.
716
n
MKMoHANMIM HV THK ntfrcKK (OMMANtHNH THK EXPEDITION.
It ..i,lv ,,|,,,o,.r, i.r..|uT. Ml ,. ni.ita ot su. I. imp,)rtan..e t.. the sdcntilic world as the pcn.lulum ohscrvatinns of the I.ndy
I'rai.klM. II,.) Ks,.c.i.t.n.,.tl...t Us . <.mn.an.|,„K' nlti.xT shr.uM make son.o l.rief siatnncnts l.^arinK on the ,.,,i,n,.ns of l'ro|•c,^„r
( . s. IViri:o, whirl, arc l.clicvnj t.> l.c mo.io.us. An o|..n...n is cN|.r.ssol on lu^r 70^. ,.s L.JI.nNs : "This .ccn.s to have l.cen
.111.' to a .I.HiTcn. .■ cf ryhndri.ity of the cdKcs. . .Hnhincd wiih ih.' ,tle. t of v.n.e a. .idem lo the iMii.hilum." No a. . ident
111 any way, shape, or manner, o.riirred to this penchdmn. it «as nev>r lundl.d l.v anv mie in reversion ur suspension
excepting hy mvsell; so tiiat i cm speak with a personal and positive knowie-l^e li.al the penduimn was never harmed while
at Kurt foHKer. As soon as the series of observations w.is (ompleled, the pendulum was carefully removed, wiped dry. and
.ifjaiii soldered u|> in the original tin Imx.
I'he statement is also made, lliat "on the liiandoninent of h.rt ('onger, the head up.m whi. h the penduh :. ha.i heen
siipporl.d 111 its OS. illati..n. (the h.Mrmns of the knifee.lK'e f.)rminK part of it) was left hehm.l." Ihe metal pie. e referred to
never was. in any way. shape, or maimer, ,dlu.led to liy either the .Siiperinten.leiit <d" the Coast .Survey, the late CaHisle !'.
I'.itteison. or i'rofessor I'eir. c. ,1, bemj; of the sh-htesi utility, an.l the m.tru. tions ^iven me were to tlie effect that the only
iinportaiii p.iit to \,r lin.ii^;hl li.i. k w.is tlu pendulum, then s.il.iered in a tin box. if the omission to brinn hack the plaie hait
any b.Mrin^; niioii these oliseiv,itions. as .Iocs n.)t plainly appear from i'rofessor I'eirce's rem.irks, it is simply the fault of either
Ihe late .Mr. i'.utrrson or I'rolessor I'eirce himself.
l„ii.r the st.it.'inent is m.ide. " Hut. thonuh there was little .■h,inj;e in the leiiKth of the |ieniluhiiii. it is evident it lost a
l.ir^e jMrt .if its m,iss." In the very next line it is adinittci by I'rofessor I'eir. e th.it the i.en.hihim w.is not weij^he.l at all in
Its Imished state, .md that the loss in ailjnstment, 4.6 j;r-iiiiS «:is calculated. Conseiiueiuly the statement that -it (the
pendulum) woul.l seem to have lost from ten t.) hiteen «>■•""■*. probably on the journey from I'ort Coii^^.t to Camp Clay."
rests on a surmise an.l an estimate. The pen.luhim w.is brouj^ht ba. k to Camp Clay soldere.l in ilu' .)rit,'iii,il metal bo\, ni
which it was so carefully pa. ked that no vibratory motion . nuld o. cur in sue h manner .is to cause loss of weij^ht. The peii.hi-
hiin. ,ilili.)U^h han.lled him.lre.U of times, was alw.iys treale.l with spe.ial consi.ler.ition, as w.is dso a box .(intaininu photo-
^;raphi.' ne;;,itives ; ,iiid .is an iiist.m. c of the c.ire exer. iscd with these pa. k,i^;es, may be nieiili.ineil the la. I. th.ii .Hit of fortv-
ei^^ht i;l.iss ne^.itives only four were fr,i< tiire.l. alihounh necess.irily han.lle.l scores of times, un.ler cireumf.tances when a
moment's .lel.iv ,ipparently entaile.l .( loss .if boats ,111. 1 life.
It is possible. .Is sii},'>;este.l in the followim; .Sup|ilementar\ Rep.irt. that during the observ.uions the screws hol.linf; one
of the pen.bibim e.l^^'es in pla. i- might have been loosened .). tightened. .111. 1 this seems very iir.ibable. as the wrong screw
might e.isilv h.ive been ton. he. I under the extremely disa.lvaiitage.ius . irciim.,t,inces in connection with the swinging of the
pen.lulum. «lii. li \n,is .lone in ,in ice house, where one's breath congealed the moment it left the mouth, and the darkness was
br.iken : imply by the light from a single can. He so that the tem|)erature of the |)endulum might not be affected, (Jn one
occasion sonielhing of this kind imdoubte.lly oc. urred. Ibr the pemlulum was stopped after swinging a few minutes, as its arc
of oscillation decreased so rapi.lly as to show conclusively that its vibrations would cease in about one-iiuarterof the usual time.
It seems but justice to the late Mr. Israel, the astronomer of the expedition, who had charge of the (leiululum, both
during our stay at I'ort Conger and our retreat later, that these statements should be made. Besides, they may have a bearing
in other si ieiililic discnissions of these observations and so be of a certain importance. It would not be just to those who con-
sult these results t.i deprive them of the fullest ,inil most .omplete iiUbrmation on this |)oint. The commanding officer of the
exiie.lition h.is h,id to.i nui. h i\|ierien. e with jihysic al observations not to re,ili/,e the importance of a full and free statement
of all the t,ii Is in ,inv case. He re.ili/es cle,irly tli.it acci.leiUs an.l mishaps may occur in any set of observations. While a
full statement of such ac.i.lents and mishaiis enables those discussing the observations to apply suitable corrections, on the
other hand ,iny misstatements 01 .lenials might result in mislea.ling the zealous stu.leiit of such observations.
It is adniilled that the preliminary observati.ins with this pendulum in Washington, under conditions left entirely to Pro-
fessor I'eirce, were practically failures, through whose fault 1 know not. To the embarrassments, discomforts, and privations
whi. h Mr. Israel and mvself (the former very in.lifferently instructed in |)en.lulum work, anil myself without any definite
v :\k\\ an.l no written instructions) experienced in making these observations should not be added the charge of having injured
tl'.e pendulum (which was /urtr jiu-i^'/u-if in itsfiiihlud state until nftcr its return) and caused a considerable loss of mass without
aciaucing the c;learc-st proof that such mass had been lost while in our possession. These statements of Professor Peirce
have be "11 maturely lua.le after being assured by me that no injury came to the pendulum and that no such loss of mass was
possible. I leave it to the .scientific world lo pass on this matter.
A. W. CiKKlI.V,
Lute Commanding Lady Franklin Bay Expedition,
WASHiN.noN, n. C., July, 18S8.
ON Till- I'KMH I.l M OHSliKVATIONS AT I'ORT (ONCIiK.
Si I'I'l.lvMKNTAKV KKrokl" IiV Hi'NKV I'\\Kni IIAK.
U. S. Coast Scrvkv Ohkk, Afiiy ii, 1SS7.
F M. Thorn. Ks(].,
Sii['iiinti->iiiiiit ['. S, Coiist SiOTry :
Uk.ak Sik: At your Vfrbnl letiucst for i statement of such facts within my personal knowleiine as mij,'lit help to clear up
the (piestion of respoii^iliilitv witli regard to certair. thari;es explicitly or implicitly made hv Assistant (". S. I'eirce against the
manaj;ement of this otti< e in his rcjiori on the Pendulum ( »liservations at l''ort Conyer, 1 here undertake th.e task, joining
with sut h statement a jiresentaiion, kn what it is worth, of {iHulusions at variance with his on two or tlirei' |>oints. and a few
notts and additional data that seem to me nece^^arv to m.ike the results of flie work as cle.ir ;is they should hi'. Mr. I'ein e's
long lamiliarity with every det.iil of gravity determinations, the real additions to gcner.d knowledge of the subject that are
due to him. the fa< t that this important part of the ai tivitv of the .Survev has In n from its first inception under his control
(all work lieing performed either liy himself or. according to his methods, by observers and computers trained under him), and
the fiuiher f.u t that the discussion of this Fort Conger work was expressly gi\en into his charge, have, in your judgment,
entitled him to the courtesy of transmitting his report through \our hands without amendment. lUit for the very reason that
these causes will gi\e an increased weight both to his retlections on the IJureau and to the coiiclusiDiis drawn by him from the
oliservations the advisability of testing them by iiertinent facts will be recogni/.ed.
I. The failure. |irobabl\ complete, of the observations in room 6 of this building is correctly ascribed to the absence of
a reli.dile determination of the flexure of the supjiort. That the deticiencv has been irremedi.d)le smce the removal of the
cap->tone i> not dcined, though, as the flexure must be largelv iluo to the unfortimate situation of the jiiers over a brick an h-
w.iv. even tiii^ is doubtful. l>ut when it iN ntnembered that in ^U( h researches large corrections are u^ually. c.-,pecially where
their exact cU !. imiii.uion is difficult, v.iriable c nrrections, th.it in this c asc the yielding i^ desc ribed as ha\ ing been of sue h a ihai-
ac ter aswnuld ii.iiurally be produced bv.i < a use like impertectU' -hardened mortar unclerthe rec eutly erei ted piers, and that it might
have become essenti.dly changed by a settling ii the archw.iv bene.ith, an at curate measurement of the flexure .it tlie time of the
observations is seen to ha\e been the c hief clesideralum, and the maintenance of this c cintc^sedl) unreli.ible stand to have been of
far less importance. Result^ from .1 later swinging on the same sujiport would fiot improbably have been misleading. I hat
observations of flexure were not prevented by lack of time, notwithstanding Professor Peirce's illness at the most imfortimaie
|ioint, is clear, tor the stone was removeil in .August or September, 1.SS2, the pendulum having been swung from it in June,
1.S81. And as if to fix the res]ionsibility beyond possible c|uestion, Mr. Peirc e in this rejiort calls especial attention to the
liberal discretion allowed him b\ Mr. Patterson, who was Superintendent until August, iSSi. it is certain that Superintendent
Ililgard would not have permitted the remov.U of the stone n.td not Mr. I'eirce failed to impiess iipcui him the import. uic e
of reiaining it. or had it been given him to understand ih.it observations essenti.d to the .ivail.ibihly of work done months
before were yel uniiKide. The simple truth I believe to be. that because cif the want of time for proper preparations, the
unsiiitability f)f the pl.u e. and the newness of the observer. .Mr. Peirce expec ted no \- ilii.ible results at the time from the
swingings in room d. aiicl alt.ic hed no sue h import, nice to them as he now a|ipe,irs to att.u h.
'i'he loss to the service from the- neci'ssity ol using lur the Peirce |)endulums a center of' mass apparatus adapted to .1
st!ialler stem Professor Peirc e slightlv c)verr.ites. In conseipietii e of the forced removal of parts of the apjiiratus the fneas-
ure is renclered more diffic ult wiili the new pendulums; but as two independent determinations of the clistinci- //„, made last
January, gave (when reduced lo edge c^ at he.ivy end) 25.140'"' and 25.135'"', it is improbable that the uncertainty of the
result c an be so great as to admit the earlier value, 25.105'"', as an ecjually exact observation of the same ipianlity. I have
not examined the 18.S1 observations with care, but 1 believe them to have been less com]ilete than those of 1887,
710
IIIH I'ADV KUAMvLIN l!AV KXI'MDITION.
17
II- IlK- rvi.l.i.n. ,lut ,1,0 ,,.n,lulu,n lost Malfan ou„.e n. weight hctwecn ,88, and ,887 is not .ondusivc. In the fust
l.la.v, l.K- wcglu nl ,l,c l,r:.ss a,|,lol ,n < onslnunon at the heavy eml was uriHinally estimated tVom its density and ealcu-
■•;'-l 'iM.Hn.onv no. tound hy the l.alan.e, and it was pretty . ertainly less than was intended. Hv the caicu'a.u.n the eenlcr
ot mass »as ,0 have been at one fourth the .listan.x- between the edges, a result whirl, would havJ hven more nearly attained
■vlh a hvuier load S.-eonu'v. the atmospheru: eorre.lu.n applied in the For, C-onger reduetion, on which the diHeren. e
u...en heayv e,.d down and up depends, ,s, a lew lines l.elow, said lo he •• involve.l in son.e doul.t." and is no, nnpiohahly
uo snu I. Ihndlv, ,1 IS ineiedil.le that so .onsideral.le a loss could have escaped the notice of Mess, ■, IVir.e and W I!
Knrliel.i at the tnne ol the Smithsonian experiments, lourlhly. a re.ent earelul examinati.m hy Mr. Fa,:r„.l.| ami mvself
shows no sign ot It. There was, u may be sai.l, , ertuinly no surh loss within s""' of the kaife-edge if the inslrunu-nt'was
ongmally syn.metrual. Finally, (Jeneial (Jreely ,> ,si,ive in his disbelief that any su. h .lisas.er eodd have befallen the pen^
(kiliim while in his ( harge. '
To show more .dearly the true ehameter of the change in the perio.l of oscillation after ,he in,ciThange of knifeedges the
following l.ible ol periods Iree Iron, difleren. e of edges and a,mospheric , orrcCions in ^cneial. those of a simple pemhilum
ol length e.iual to the distance between the two suspensions, as dclu, ed from each set ol three swings, is given. This neriod
IS cijual to '
in which the factor umier the radical may usu.dly be neglec ted. /' and /' beiii;
5 thai at the •'down" swings, — .^ the mean .it ih
•^i';.i:ii l)e'ing values obtained from Mr. I'eirc e's tabic
i nearl)- ecpial.
e two '-up," in Fahreiiheil degrees +2.
I'erioi
The temperature here eiprils
'i'hree reduili.ms are made:
'eirces lalile ol "1 eriod corre. ted" reduced to one temperature and pressure. J',,.,, re-
sulting fnm) ihe substitution of a Ingher rate of exp.iiision, fouml by le.ist squares on the theory that the . har.,^e was due'to fall
( f temperature, and /:„,,, resulting from the use of the coefficient of e.xp.iiision 17.4./, 18.24" 'H'ing taken as .rue at +8° C,
and reduced lo —30" C. by Fi/eau's ecpiaiion:
»
.S« iiij;s.
I'Liiipciiaurc.
^i'^) J
^!iiiii ^
J''(4K1)) ^
2 - l,i
0
1 12.8
I. 0047111 2-122
i.<x)474i2 i.)4
1. (.K>4Soo('i- oc)4
5— t. <>
i 1 1.6
7903-131
7447 if>i
79S.S 112
N 7. ')
1 'I.4
8004 0 jo
7558 050
,So,SS— 012
II ID. 1 5
1- S. 2
8001 on
7(180 i 072
.^061 - 0(9
17— 1(>. iS
t 5-9
S247 21 i
8017 • 409
S29I 1 191
20 K), 21
+ (>. 2
So ;,S j 004
779(1 j iSS
80S4 - 01(1
2,; 22, 24
-1 6.8
:ii,ii f 0.(7
78054.257
81S1 : o,Sl
2(>-25, 27
1 2.S
7325 191
721(1 392
7346-1 ('5
29 2.S, 30
-4 0. 9
7479-037
7444-164
74.S6— 025
32 -.51. j.?
f 0. 7
70X5 , 169
7(.5,S-fo5o
7(1901 179
35 34. M>
1 0.9
7(105 ■ 0S9
757" "3'"<
7(112 1 101
3>*— 37. 39
1 0. 2
77<'3 i 247
7755 1 147
77<'4 i 25,i
41 4". 42
- 2.9
74<.i 055
7574 034
7440-071
44 43.45
- 49
74(),!— 02J
7673 1 "('S
7459-052
47 4<>.4'*<
- 3- <>
73 '9 197
7460 148 !
7293 218
Means _ . .
1 f 9.0
•i.r I set .
I. oo4So^4- -oji
475i"±o3S
I i.oo47(ioS-j30,i7
1 HK14SUKI; 027
'l 475lld;"39
I'rolKililt; IT
±096
ii42 ,
io95
In view of the huge value, .almost ei|ii.d to the exp.uision itself, that has to be given the sii]i])osed unknown factor depend-
ing on the temper, (lure .ind not on the vis-\i\a in onler to reconcile the twn series of observations, and of its failure lo
bring them lo a s.itisf.ictory accord (two swings ha\iiig less weight, the factor being introduced, than one without it), it apjieais
ill, It the hypothesis of l.irge unknown effects oi' tempcr.iture oiierating in this way is of no assistance. It is plain, also, that
ihe s.inie dili'u ullies, improbabU lar;',e In pi.ihelical corrections and gre,itl\' increased resiclu,il -, must meet any other assumed
c.iuse which is gradual and c (intinnoiis in its ojieration. •■ lm|irovmcnl in the rigidiiy of the supporting piers," unless by a
figlileniiig of screw laps, etc., at the liiiu' of the change (which did not occur), is thus e(|ually excluded as an explanation;
also defective el.isliiity in the br,»ss of ihe |)enclulum, through which it does not at once respoiui to change ol tcanperature.
Tluit the ch.ingeiook place abrupth .it the time of the iransposiiion, ,nid not ,1 little before and a little alter, is about .is evident,
718
THE LADY FKANKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
indeed, as thai it look place at all. The progression that aj^pears in ilie rornier iialf of tho results (lielonging, it should be
observeil, entirely to the heav;.-end-u|) swings) is in the wrong direction tor continuity, and there is no steady progression in
the latter half. The hypothesis of a "ditTerence in the lylindricity of tlie edges" is suggested by Professor I'eirce. If v.e re-
gard the edges a:j cylindric, and suppose No. y to ha\e had a radius of curvature 2().$'' greater, the dift'erence between first
and last values of /',«,, disappears. Observations of decrement of arc >how a slightly greater fri( tic>n on edge g. Hut this
hypothesis reipiires (see formuhv in I'oast Survey Report for 1876, p. .176 [77 of ;\i)pendi\ 15I) a dil'lerence between the two
edges of 87.4'' about half the measured ditTerence. The supposition of another "accident" at the time of the interch.mge
of edges ap]>ears uiUenai)le, jiartly because it i> dithcult to understand how the in>triiment could have had two serious acci-
dents without afterward showing a trace of either, and p.irtly bee .uise CieiKral (Ireely, in wiiose l)re^ence the interc hange was
carefully made, testifies confidently that then, is no |)o>.ibiHty of .my sucli accident.
One explanation remains: i'liat there was a re.il ditVereiue m the length of the pendulum, as swung before and aftei the
interchange. The inea;i perioils in tlvj two positions were for lemiierature —2^" F. and jiressuie -<>75"' (using the toetiicient
.00000489):
jr. t.
First (l.iyi /;, =-1.0045 145 1 10 ?■- ioo;.9'^7 * 47
La-st days /j I.ix>44(i5l> t^Jo /'„ I ik)j(/ki(j ',.'9
Ditrtreiices .oooo48v±22 .cxxx)278jt:55
UilTcrences. calcul.itcti • .ixxx)S()o .0001672
The distance of eilge 9 from its be.iring plane, as measured by Dr. J. J. Cl.irk in January, 1887, is 504. o/i, md that of edge
to is 670.6/1; difference. i66.f)/i. Hence is calculated the theoretical dec rc.isc in period, eiilcred above; ne.irly the cjbserved
amount for heavy end down and very dit'fereiit for heavy end up. It seems highly [irobabie, therefore, that the edge at the
heavv end was farther from the < enter of m.iss u the e.iilienibser\ati<)iis tii.ui at the later. This edge, that is to say, was loose,
so as to have a play of an eighth of a milluneter m the .iverage until tiie transposition was made, and w;rs nroperly tightened
after it. insiiec tion of the earlier heivy-end-up corrected periods pl.iinly suggests (when the lower exp.msion-coetlic ieiU is
used more plainly yet) that the play of this edge may have increased progressively, as they show a pretty steady dimimilion.
The effect of remci\ing the lieavyend knife-edge, ol a m.iss equ.il In , I]",., that of the itendulum, l)y a distance J(//,.-|-//„) = .v
from the other edge will be to increase //,, bv 150.V: 104^6 and //„ by 102S6.V: 10436; J(^i'l !'iay be taken ecpial to
! !;o : 104 ^6 of jrj/(r being the distance of the center of the slutted m.iss iVom the other edge) and hence to loo.gX i Jo-V ; 5218 ;
^()-J)~.i(/i' — ^i/-\-^iu'} ^^i" I'l^i' ^"^ l('°0'9 — ^'1) '5° + io'86//„).v : 5218. Substituting these values in
we find J /', = -|- .000 1 o.v and J '/'„ = — .ooi)('>j,.\. '{"aking .v = 0.01188"", and correcting the periods before interchange
,i( c ordinglv, we have T,, = 1.0045133", '/'„= 1.0040131". and '/',„ tiie same as the later value 1.0047511". '''*-' clitTereiices
between llie periods for first and last d.i_\s will thus become 0.0000477' ''"'^ o.oooi422', one-seventh less than those calculated
frum measurement of the edges.
.\ loosening of the lieavy-end edge, after the me.isures made in 1881, might have taken place in one of several con-
ceivable ways. The observer, whose zeal an 1 indii-,try surji.issed his experiem e, could have turned one of the sc rews hold-
ing this edge in jplace, about the beginning nl the experiments, mistaking it fi)r a similar screw by whii h tiie pendulum is
raised or lowered. .\n artisan, in packing the instrument, could acc:identally have touched the screw. Dirt nl Mime kind
ciiuld liave remained on one of the brass slides holdiii^ the edge in place (a recent examination shows that ihj ^hde at the
name end of the heavy edge holder is consider.ibly staineil with rust, verdigris, etc., over its inner surfat e, whic h m.iy be a
trace <<\ it) ;ind this dirt not have been S(|uee/ed out till after the measures of length (June 1 1 to 14, 18S1, befim- the pendulum
had been swung even in Washington), but become m), gradu.ii'.y peril, ips, liefiire the edges were tr,ui?>posed. W'itliout coin-
riittmg Mursei\c-s to any one of tiiese possiiile e\|il.iiiatiiiiis, we must .idiiiit tiiat the hypothesis of a sligiit loosening of one
edge during the first swings is tlu- only one yet suggested that seems to meet tiie f.u:ts.
.Attention siiould iie c .illed to a jioiiit til, it seems to be plainly i)rougiit out in tiiese swingings: Tlie c-onsiderable difl'erence
between tlie atniospherii viscosity, as d'-du< ed a f^iiurt by I'rolessor IVirc e, and used in correcting for pressure, and the lesist-
ftnce proportion, li to first jiower of ,ii'ii)litude dediic ed Irom liie ubsersitioiis. For tlie Repsold pendulum, at widely difierent
pressures and temperatures, the coetfic ieiit of this resist. iiiie for "heavy end u|)" was found to agree with tiie formula
^ = .ooi3rl-|- .02368/^*--*, the unit of/ iielng a standard ;itiiiospliere, of 7288° ('., the temperature having been increa.sed
by 273', and of /' the reciprocal of a minute. The second loetfic ieiit, divided by 6oir, w;is used as the coeflieienl of
the effect of ilie viscosity on Mie period. In liiis reduction tiie viscosity coeluciv'Pt Jor heavy end up is 0,0000994, and
THE LADY FKANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
719
should be
)j;rcs.si()n in
1 1 v.c re-
el wcc II first
. liut this
en tile two
interchange
erious acci-
i haiifie was
ul aftei the
I.' tuctluient
tiiai 1)1' edge
le (jhserved
e(|^;e at the
•, was loose,
ly tightened
oelhfient is
iliininution.
'/.-f//„) = .v
II eijual to
;o.v : 5^18;
iiterchange
(liMLTcnces
calculated
everal con-
re ws hi lid-
nduhiMi is
siiine kind
>lu!e at the
may l)e a
|)cn(hiluni
llioul coin-
liiig ot one
i; dilTereiice
I the resist-
Iv dilVerent
le lorniula
n increased
ciricienl of
joy94, iUjd
the average b is .02536 (min)-'; rl = 0.8885, r-J= 1.020 and/J= 1.0C4. 0.0000994X 6orr x 1.020 x 1.004 = 0.01921, a
value for the second jjart of/' little over four-tifths of that in the Rei)sold pendulum, which seems to require that the first co-
elticient be 0.0069, more than five times as great, to produce 0.02536. As such a dilference between the two |)en(lulums, due to
atmospheric viscosity alone, is not easily credible, it seems clear that an important jiart of this resistance is due to some other
cause, as indeed I'rofcssor Peine suspects. In the Fort CongCi .jbs'.Tvations, n.ltliough, as tlie table of calculated 1 ;/' shows,
nearly uniform througiiout, tiie resistance was certainly greater than in this iiuilding seven months before, where this (|uantity
was 41'" or 43'" with heavy end up, and i.;3"' or 130'" witii heavy end down. Much of this difference is due to the value of
the quantity <■, tiie coelhcienl of resistance proportional to square of velocity, employed. I'he heavy-en(l-u[) swings at Fort
Conger gave 0.075 f'"' ''' ■ '' •""' ''^^^ heavy-enddown 0.048; the constant value 0.056, a wcigiited mean, was used in the
reduction. Substituting tiie value 0.0413, used in the earlier reductions, these swings are best satisfied by taking r : /'=:42.2"'
and 1 20.7'" on tiie average, the heavy-end-down value showing a decidedly more rapid rate of decrement. Mr. I'eirce deduces
for tile pendulums of this |)attern, using A :<= 0.0413, a value of 130.3'" with heavy end down, thus making the I'Ort Conger
tlecremeiU ap[)ear still more abnormally ra[)id. That the higher degree of resistance thus unmistakably indicated may have
had some inthieiue on the period of oscillation is altogether [)robable. Supposing that the |)erio(l was thereby shortened, and
applying to each heavy-end-down period, exce|>t in swing 14, a [ilus correction of 0.013" times the excess of the /' deduced for
each swing over a standard value, the agreement of the se|)arate results is perceptibly improved, io bring swing 14 into
agreement with the others a coelVicient of +0,050" is required. The heavy-end-up swings, after the interchange of edges,
are improved by a correction in this direction; not so those before interchange, ex( ej)! the aberrant swings 12 and 15. The
former of these indicates a correction of +0.041" J/', while the arc observations in swing 15, not being satisfied by increase
of the coellicients /' and <•, as are 14 and 12, show that the resistance, whatever it was, was in this swing irregular. The cal-
culated values of i : /'are in general smaller, indicating greater resistance when the [jcndulum is sus[)ended from edge No. y
in either position, but very slightly so, so that no eiii])irical correction of tli.s nature is tbuml ij have an appreiiable effect in
explaining away tiie apparent decrease of lenglli in tlie pendulum at the 1 mic (jf the i luaige of edges, and we are left to
believe that such decrease actually occurred.
The probability of a loose kiiile edge is tlie real justification of the course jiroperly followed by Mr. I'eirce in depending
on the latter half of the observations alone Ibr a value of gravity. One correction to his linal result appears, however, to be
needed: An increase of the expansion allowance by 0,0000074". He states that his exi)aiision ''coefticient 18.24'^ is lor the
temperature of 24.6'' (.!.," apparently because the coni|)ariM'!is between I'enduhim No. i and Meter I! were made about that
temperature. lUit the observations of .Meter A, on which the adoi)ted coeffu ieiit for 1! tlepcnds, were made (1876 Report,
page 274) about 8° C; taking this as the teini)erature at which the coetficient 18.24^^ holds good, we have as the value for
— 7.7" C. 17.93". Increasing 7',, /;„ anil the "reversible i)endulum" i)eriod by o.ooooo74^ we must increase the double
logarithm by 0.0000064, when the -station error" becomes —0.0000097, and the conclusion in favor of a term in odd powers
of the sine of the latitude is correspondingly weakened. It should be remembered that this result is subject to three uncer-
tainties; Whether the latter observations were alone made with a i)enduhmi of the length found in 18S4; whether, in (or-
recting periods of the simple i)eiiduliim for temperature, allowance for the expansion of the metal is sufficient, and
whether the unusually rapid decrement of arc at this station was due to a cause that left the i)criod unati'ected. Another
point, which does noi ajipreciably affect this result, is nevertheless worth noting. If the reversible-pendulum period
e(iual's (74.914/,; -25. 160 7J -i- 49.754, :l 7,', - i /;, must be increased by 0.0057(7;,- /;)=o.ooooo4o" at the Smithsonian,
0.0000037" at Fi)rt Conger. This might be diminished by 2 in the seventh place to allow for the factor under the radical in
the first formul.i.above. I'rofessor I'ein e. at the en<l of his report, uses a cpiite ditilerent correction.
III. The additional tables here submitted are:
(1) A discussion of the time observations on which depends the rate of the chronometer used.
(2^ The times of rea( hing successive thousandths of radius in ob^ervations of decrement of arc. These are taken directly
fron- the records left bv Mr. Israel.
(3^ A general summary (>•" the results for time of infinite arc, mean of right and left readings, for four arcs at about e(pi;d
intervals of time, bv preliminary assumed values of /' ' ami by corrected values of /'';/. having weights equal to 35, 42,
6 ami 1 fi.r the four arc-readings selected the correction to /- ' is fi)und from the excesses ot the separate /. over their
w'ei.di.ed men, being \ the last excess Y\ H'^' tl'i"l +" '1>^- ^^•'"'"' " V l''^" '"'r^t- 'A'l>^" agreement of the lour values ol
t^ would obviously be improved if a correction of /v ' (the constant value 0.056 being used 111 the calculation) were also intro-
duced ; but the exactness attained is sufficient for the arc correction.
(4) A more complete presentation of the center-of-mass observations made in January last.
Yours, very respectfully,
720
TiUi LADV I'liANKLlN liAV lOXl'lOlilTlUN.
COMPIHATIOV OF I'lMK FROM TRANSIT OHSKRVATIONS AT FORT CONC.KR.
(I)eceinl>er 28. iSSi, to I'cl.niary 4, 1882, inclusive.) *
Two in.lependen, computations h:,vo hec, „v. Ic. In the socun.l .oniputation the a.i.nuth was assume.! ronstant for sev-
.n^ sets .hu-,n, ,ve ,,cno,l>, the we„luc 1 n,.,,a of tl.e vah.os o|.,a,nc.l separately lor each set being use.l in reducing all sets
n the peno.1. In the least.,,uare work the we,,hts nu.lt.plie.l by se.:-' . (.-C-) were t.rst ioun.l. am! the weight of 'he si'
. .servatu.n m .letern.Mnn, .ne tnne corre.lion < ,v) ol.,,.ine>! by nu.ltiplying this by co,^ ,). The weights wc.c obtained by the
metho,! nt Mr. Seh..tt s pamphlet ( U. .S. Coast Survev Report for .S80, Appendix ,4) ^
.\s the errors of ol.serv.uion an,! of reading the sheets (u, most of the observations; i„ a few ca.ses the sheets were ac
c ss,l.le an.l ,he latter c ass o, errors corrected by a secon.l reading, were al.norn>alIv large, a special con^putation of the error
of.ransu over a thread was re,,u,red; for that purpose all the n,con,plete transits in wh,ch the star was observe acZ
-'-, threa.ls „he n,ean of the threads having been calculated separately for each threa.l observed) were ta J and ,|,;
.r tor d,e star tound by divi.hng the sum of the s,,uares of the individual discrepancies bv the number <,f threads observe.! less
one. .Means.,, values of ,nr' were foun.l, ,f there was ,nore than one f.,r a given value of sec^ -J. Re.luctions for the
observer s reading ol . hronograph sheets and lor the se.:on.! rea.ling were ma.le separately
Ihe lollowmg table shows the results of this work, the column •' .!„. calc'.l" being derive.! from the formula
me =0. i-|-o.3sec-iJ
The v-alues A.r "secon.l rea.lings" corr.^pon.1 to about one-.h>rd of these, as is also shown in the table. Se.:on.I rea.lings
.ue ticelore given treble weigiu witlvn.t further inve,„ga,ion. The nuu.Oer ..f cases in which these rea.lings slu.we. m
Hence the weigh, of an incomple,..iy-observe.! star appears to be inversely as ccS + ^'^f .>r ^ + '°.. I„ ,he case of
sec.ind rea.lings this <|U.".nti,y be.Dnies 14-
liie weights used in computation were
3A''
•C- =
13
(3+ u,s'
CIO
I + ^ or I -f
.V
1^
■4
.1
lilt for sev-
:ing all sols
}( the star-
iictl by the
ts were ac-
if the error
k'eil across
n and the
served, less
lis for the
I readings
hovved an
ii;e in the
jcndix 14,
l; case of
TUE LADY FRxYNKLIN HAY EXPEDITION.
721
Transit obserr'ations at Fort Conger. Mean error of a single thread.
Sec''<5.
I. 0
1. I
1.2
"•3
1.4
1.6
1-7
1.8
2.0
2. I
2. 2
2-3
2.7
4.6
t . I
6.9
8.0
8-5
10.8
•3-S
14.2
20. 9
33- 9
First
reading.
do. calc'd.
-3
Second reading.
No. obs.
2
2
S
5
I
I
2
I
5
3
3
I
1
NIC
— 3
No. obs.
I
2
0. 41
0.58
0.73
0. 30
0.24
0. 01
0. 26
0. 64
0. 91
1. 06
o"S
0. 76
0.40
0-43
0. 46
0.49
0.52
0.58
0. 6l
0. 64
0. 70
0-73
0. 76
0.79
0. 91
1. 48
••93
2.17
2. 50
2. (.5
3^34
4-15
4.36
6.37
10. 27
0.13
0. 14
0.05
0. iS
0.17
o^45
I
0.23
0.24
0. 03
0.14
2
2
0. 30
0.41
I
I
2
I
I
I
I
I
3
«
I
0. 39
0. 28
0. 40
••37
0. S8
1.65
4- 95
6.25
6.39
The thread intervals were deduced from a discussion of all the stars completely observed during the period, second read-
ings being given treble weight. They are, for illumination west:
1-44-455
2 — 22.019
3 — 0.162
4+21,919
5 + 44-717
H. Mis. 393, pt 2-
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY KXPKDITION.
1
11
Tlic lullovviii;; tables sImw tlic rc^iiliials in lU't.iil, with the v.ihio of the imhii.iiion for each star
Date.
Dec. 2S
Ian. 6
J,in. 7
1.111.
Jan. S
T.in.
i )..n.
Jan. lo
Jan. II
Jan. II
Jan. 1 3
Jan. ij
Ian. 17
Jan. l8
J-n. iS
Jan. l(j
Slar.
Ian. 1 7 t
I".
^ir. .5373
IVi;a>i ..
(.'I'phci ..
*>«»' ---
l"c|ilioi ..
lVr>vi...
I aiiri .
l.iiiri II
t.'aiiul.i|>. II
Li>. Maj. II
l!un|i> II ...
1 >rac. II
ll.K.tis II ...
I'eisci
Cell
l'er>ei
'r.uiri .
Can. Von . .
IViM'i .
Taiiri
^l■r^ei
.Xiiri^x II
( irii'iiis II..
.\tiri)4.u II . .
(icniiii. II . .
Hiioti-
Lrs. M.ij....
Ho<)ti>
IVr-ci
IVrsci . _
I'aiiri
.XuiiiM
lr>.'.Mai. II
Diao. ll.
HoMtiS II
r.iiiri . .
Aiiiit;i II
Tauri II
Cainoloi>. II .
Houlis. .
Urs.v Maj
Huotis
CV.n.n. li
'I'.uiri
(.'ainil'iji
Hercuh.s I
( iri'iiiis _
.Vurij^.L'. .
I.yr.i 1,.
(itniinuniin
H.>.iiis
Lr.vt Mill
I'crM-i I,
Con in. li
I llTLllli.S .
Tauri
'lauri
C'amclop
llcrculi> L. II..
< iriijiii.- II . .
.\iiri(;.i- II
I ..run. li. II.
I'.rM-i I.. II ..
Ileriuli.s II
IKrculi:, II ....
•i'.uiri II
HiM.Miiis I,. II
Orioiiis II
.\liri;;. II
IlLTLlllis I.. II .
(jeminorani II ..
Level.
wC*
R«i.
s.
s.
. iS
1. 1
—••3'
•3
•7
-f9. 01
■ 45
I. 1
+ .63
—■2i
I. 0
+ .42
— . II
'»
1.82
-.07
I.O
i .08
f.OI
1. I
4- •Si
tt.oi]
1.2
— ••23
+ o.{
1.2
- .4')
+.06
1.0
+ ■ 7-'
-.05
I..S
- -55
- ■ 59
2}
1 I. 20
-.06
2. 1
- -7^
t .06]
1.9
+ .4-'
— . 10
•9
— 1. ,i>
-.16
1.9
-1 . 10
-.05
I. 2
+ •■'
—.02
■7
.00
+•35
1.2
+ .-7
+ .68
•9
— .40
—.28
1.0
-.14
1.2
+ .28
+ .OS
1.0
— .20
+.21
.8
+ .lo
+•59
1.9
— -77
.—•^i
1.8
+ •S?
L-.231
1.6
— . i(>
+.07
1.9
— .04
— .01
I. I
.00
-•03
•9
+ .08
+•03
■9
+ .07
— '5
1.2
— ^54
+■19
•9
+ -57
+•05
1.0
+ .3f
+.05
I. I
— .49
+ ■03
2. I
+ .23
— . 10
2-3
+ ^95
[-.10]
I. 2
— .51
-.02
«S
+ ^99
- .07
••9
— I. 20
+•05
•■9
- ^34
+ .02
2-3
+ .66
—.26
I.I
— 33
■ 41
I. I
+ 3 02
[ -41]
I. I
— . 19
- . 10
•9
+ • 3V
-.oS
• 3
-•■45
- .04
•9
-\ 2. 84
+ .24
I. 2
+ 1.60
[—05]
1.0
+ .18
— 05
.6
- I. 16
[-■7]
I. I
— • I')
-.30
• 9
- -iiS
-■•5
I. I
+ .03
--• '7
I. 1
+ 1.79
.67
1. 2
+ • 6.5
-.41.
1. 1
• .1'
-• 5«
I 2
..(1
^. II
• '>
i 1. 15
[-^- .?3]
1.0
+ •■•'<
+•55
'3
- 1.3.)
—.01
2. 1
-1.05
[-.02]
14
— .1')
•03
1. ll
■ ' 5
-•23
'■')
.42
- .10
I. 2
+ .72
+.14
2. I
— 29
+ . 3S
2.0
+ -27
.cXj
1.9
- . 32
—•37
1.9
+ ^83
-f-.OI
I. 8
-\- .6!
[ + .0']
.8
-.64
-t-.2I
1.9
— . 12
■i . 03
1.9
- -55
I >ati'
Slur.
Jan. l<i )
I C
j r
Ian. 20 1'
Tan. 20
Jan. 21
Jan. 23
Jan. 25
Ian. 25
Jan.
Jan. 26
Ian. Z')
Feb.
i
)'
(I
,1
1
V
'I
u
,i
}'
a
lrs. Min
( i>r..ii. I!
I'lTMi I
Hcrriilis.
•'•rionis
( 1. ininiinini
( K'liiiiuinini
t itiiiiiioiuni . .,
I'lT'-ri 1.
I'rs. Min
t'lirun. It . .
IVrsoi I.
( nr.in. li i..
lien iilis
lU-riiilis I
I 'riiinis
■^un^-v
( )riniiis
( liniiiKiriiin .
( icniinoruni
HiMilis. .
Lrs. Min
Curon. H
IVrsei 1
.StTpentis .
Ciimn. li
( Kininnrtiin
Diaconis I. ..
Hy.lr.e
Urs. M.ij
Iiraiiinis
Ccniinuruin L
Lvr.L'
I.>ra- .
Caiiiclnp.
Axiiij^.v
Tauri
Orioni.s
.\iiripL-
lioulis _.
lrs. Min
Coron. H
Coron. B..
I'er.sci I.
llrrciilis
lltrmlis I
Orionis
Aurij;* ...
22 Caniclii|) . .
/t (!cniiiii'riiiii
I iraconis I,
ll.iiiti^
IVrsii I .
liootis
L'rs. Min
Coron. It
rer>ci I,
ci ( It'iiiinnriiin
a • aiii.-- Mm
li ( ii'iiiiiiuriini
<;>. 137^
n' L'rs.i Maj
)'
("
a
/'
a
a
>i
a
.)
.1
}'
a
e
c
T
I
a
X
(I
It
>t
(Vi:!:.i 1.
I.cciiiis
l.coni>
I.i-<inis
I, con is .
iJrac
Aniironi. I.
Ur^.i' Maj..
Level.
wC
Res.
s.
s.
[-•")]
'•3
14- II
- . i<»
- 1.08
- .3"
1. I
+ .40
f .07
1.0
+ .24
—•43
1.0
- .05
[-•29]
1. 0
+ .22
-.14
•9
- . 19
+ •23
•7
— 03
-f-.o(.
I. I
— .08
— . 22
I. I
+ .?■ 12
t .221
I. I
- .65
. 10
. .s
•03
— . 10
•7
t ^23
— . 10
.8
+ ^43
-■23
1. 2
.85
+ •25
1.0
- ^53
— . 10
.8
+ ■9'
+.07
1.0
+ ^42
1 •03l
• 7
- -57
—.14
1.0
+ ^72
+.11
I. 1
- 55
-•35
«-3
+ ^67
- -• 3«
I. I
+ .20
-.02
1.0
+ .10
[+•"1
•9
+ -13
+ ■23
•7
-— .01
+ •09
.8
+ .08
— ■ "3
• 3
+ m6
+ ••3
1.0
-j .05
+•03
I. 2
- .38
-■33
1.2
+ .01
— . 22
1.0
+ .01
—•53
.8
— .02
[-5.0
I. I
+ •OS
+■64
.6
- I. 42
+ •55
I. I
- ^47
+.58
•9
+ .67
[ + • "9]
1.0
+ .01
+• f'9
.6
— .46
—.02
1. I
-- . 24
+ ■17
••3
+ 1.16
—.05
I. I
+ 05
—•27
I. 1
+ -03
-.27
1.2
— .22
— . 22
1.0
-f .08
— ■24
I. 2
+ .22
— •. II
1.0
+ •IS
—.22
.6
- 1. 10
—•03
•9
+3-93
+ • 19
•5
-1.60
—.02
"•3
+2 53
.05
.6
4 17
[-02]
I. I
— -44
+ .01
I.I
- 32
—•44
• 3
-( 2. 34
-.11
1 1
.28
[-«■]
I. J
+ -73
-•49
1. 1
•03
[-4'<
[• .09
I. 0
1- ^27
I. 1
• 48
.ex;
•')
-f 2. 79
—•39
. 0
-f .20
r" ■ •'^n
1. 2
-\ I.3'''
[ r-]
1. 0
T 04
—■3*
I. 0
1 .20
— . 21
1.0
-1 ■ 19
-.65
1.0
-I- 34
-«5
I. 1
+ 1-33
[-.8c.]
I. 2
— .01
-•75
1.0
+ .44
Res.
i.
+ 4
. II
— I
.08
+
40
+
24
—
OS
+
22
-
X)
- .oj
- .08
+ 3. la
-•6s
+
■OJ
2J
+ -4.?
— -^S
— -Si
+ -91
+ .42
— -57
+ -72
— -55
+ -b:
-f • 20
+ .10
4- "J
— .01
+ .08
+ m6
4 -05
— -JS
+ .01
+ .01
— .02
+ .05
— 142
-- -47
+ .67
+ .01
— .46
— .24
+ 1. 16
-i- -OS
+ 03
— .22
+ .08
-j- . 22
+ 'S
— 1. 10
+3- 93
— 1.60
+2 53
+ n
— -44
— 32
-f 2. 34
— .28
+ -73
— OJ
+ -27
- .48
+ 2-79
-f . 20
4 1-3^'
T -04
-f .20
+ . 19
-••34
I ••33
— .01
+ ^44
Till': LADV n!AMvl,IN BAY KXI'KDITION.
7'i///i' ol>sn~!\iti<>in. Siiinimin of rcsiilh,
723
A-'iinulli.
I"|ioch,siilcrcaltimc.
I)<c.
Jan.
I'd..
2.S
(>
7
7
«
8
9
10
10
II
II
13
13
•7
<7
iS
18
IV
«9
20
20
21
21
25
25
26
2t>
-'9
4
//.
21.4
20.8
4.0
«3
3
13
3
5
•S
4
13
5
'5-2
5.6
'5-7
5.«
iS-8
5-9
15-9
6.3
15.6
SO
'5-5
S.5
IS. 4
5-4
15- 7
(l.O
1 5- 3
10. -,
t'nmputcd.
s.
-¥>7- 5
4,H. 2
445-3
429.0
444.8
445-3
-454- 8
462. o
453- I
467. 6
45s. 6
470.9
■ 495- 4
49I). 2
499. 2
490. J
493- 4
502. 6
485- 2
4')9- 8
5o». S
497^ 7
404. 4
.|()7. ()
-4S1). 0
4S.1. J
4,S(>. 5
4SS. 9
-503- 9
496. 8
Used.
-440. 2
440.2
440.2
440.2
440. 2
44". 2
440.2
-401
461
4(11
4()l.
40 1 .
461
-497-
497. 3
497- 3
497- 3
4')7. 3
497- 3
4' 17- 3
497- 3
4'»7. 3
497- 3
4'>7. 3
4'i7. 3
-4S7. S
4S7. 8
4S7. 8
4S7. 8
-4'»7. 6
497. 6
Ciillirn.T-
tioii.
s.
-(>. 2S
6.08
5-65
5.(,.S
5- 4-:
5"
5. SI
-5-4^'
5.66
5.S7
3- 33
3-S4
-2. 97
3- 24
2.55
3- 57
3^73
3- 32
3-3'
3- .i5
3.^5
76
31
25
44
89
72
16
55
CirrectiDii lo 2490.
+ 1
4S
49
50
59- 1 1
21.70
26. 25
26. 77
2S. 82
30- 03
34- ¥>
31-67
32-49
33- 37
35-20
38. 91
39-!'!4
52- 95
52.67
52. 89
52. 33
54- 0,5
55-14
56. 00
5S. 04
I. 10
o. 15
5-65
(I. ^2
II.S5
12.75
14.94
15-03
24.70
40.79
Kate
' 0, l"a]i|iliLd.
Rates r -f . 1052"
applied \-|-. i22»
Residuals.
/,.
"1. s.
/'. III. s.
■f 1
49 4- 17
+ ' -19 4-73
— 1.72
5-22
4- .V'
— 2.09
<). 05
8. 10
+ I.71
8.56
7.61
+ 1. 16
9-31
8.30
+ I-8S
9.51
8.44
+ '-99
12.49
"•35
H 4-90
7.08
5.80
- .65
6 99
5.66
— -79
6.54
S->4
— '^i
7.41
5-96
- ^49
7- 19
5-54
— .91
7. 12
S-42
— 1.0 J
n.S9
9-44
4-2.99
10. 50
8. 10
-f 1.65
9.18
6.91
+ .46
7-55
5.22
— 1.2^
7. S4
5-44
•I. 01
7-95
5-50
- -95
7-37
4-S4
-1.61
S.48
5.90
— -55
10. II
7.46
+ 1.01
S. 20
9. 60
5-50
- -95
48 57-27
— -27
9. 48
5"- 93
- .61
1 1- 3'
57- 99
+ -45
II. 18
57-63
+ -09
11.94
58. 08
+ .54
II. 10
57-04
— -50
14- 34
58. 86
+ 1-32
•5-74
57-03
- -51
'Ilio rorroctiof, to 2490, the chronometer used in the time observations, lias, first, the uniform hourly rate of +o.i» applied,
and a more exact rate is found liy a least-s(|uare calculation. The observations are divided into two parts, those up to and
those after the se<()nd set on Janu.iry 21. 'I'lie results
cor
_ j + «" 49'" 6.45"+ 0.1052' (tiiiv !.i hours from January o, o'') to January 22, at 2'' sid. t.
( 4- i'' 4.S'" 57.54'+ 0.122" (timv. a hours from J.uiuary o, o'') after January 22, at 2'' sid. t.
are tested by com|iariM)iis with the observations on the last column above.
'J'he residuals found do not generally exceed the probable errors of observation, and the irregularities indicated are shown
by coinpari.son of other chronometers to be cither (1) the effect of some cause afiecting all of them nearly eiiually m the same
way, or (2) errois in tiie time observations themselves. The second view is jjreferred, and the two uniform rates of •4-0.1052"
and +0.122' therefore ado[)ted.
In working out the chronometer conii»arisons the mean chronometer (\o. 124) was treated as a sidereal chronometer
liaving a liigh rate, and llie corrections of all the chronometers were roduce<l to something near constancy bv the apjilication
of uniform rates. The going of all five chronometers after the application of these uniform rates, as also the changes in the
azimuth, are shown in the accompanying ilIu>tration.
Seven errors in the comparisons receive hypothetical corrections in the reduction.
11",
I
\
724
TUli LADV FRANKLIN BAY KXIM- DITION.
T,mr obsemUions, rnvrs of ,hvn,>m.-trn, ,u,J appliuUion of unif.r.
Ill nifrs.
No. IgS.
Correction (Ironi Kale 004"
124).
1 aj>|ilic(l.
'.'■ III. s.
//. Of. .V,
4 -V 4(). (KJ
4 >V' 45- 4'i
») 1 . 05
55-tX
<'l.|»4
55.60
(xi. 71
53' 91
(K). J5
53- 04
00.77
53- 01
<>l.,5j
53-o<(
5''. '>4
5 1 . 20
2J 2. S2
S3- 54
6.99
57-2'»
8. 70
S'^i- 47
9.76
S<>. o<)
9.53
5^- .1')
•S 2J
6j. .,2
It>. 02
(12. ()0
20. 64
6s. 02
22.02
<'5- yi
22. SS
(15. .S2
24. 13
(,(.. 75
25.20
67.21
25. (KJ
(>7- 17
24. 89
65.07
25. 92
Ml. 50
24.49
64. (.1
23.36
6?. 01
24.91
64. 10
• 26. 14
63- 77
25.60
62. 76
25.29
62.0?
24.68
()o. 52
24- 25
59 5'»
24 13
5'^- '».s
23. 57
57- </>
25.0(1
57-92
23- M
55- 0.}
22-55
54. or,
25- 24
55 21
32- 40
5-^- 47
No. 1425.
'3>o supposed 2o" out.
' <43.s >-iip|iosecl 5" out.
•See uUi .,f tli.oiioraclCFSsuiipos«d iiUtrcUange.l.
Ciirrfi'liciii
(Ir.mi 124).
A. i>i. s.
4 2 9. S.S
I 40. 12
30.28
J8-33
25-51
23- f>S
i')-4'
1,5.91
12. ().)
'3-25
10.41
7.40
"3- 5"
o 54. 02
51 ■?>
33-54
29. 24
28. 09
2(). tl()
25 15
2i.7,S
15. 99
16. 25
"2.59
7- 97
7-22
3 59 55- 48
52-67
49- 19
42. 97
'.i''- 95
35- 89
34.01
20. 94
I J. 69
II. 19
5^59-01
34-52
Rale f 0,26"
apiilieU.
A. m. s.
4 2 17. 10
l<'-32
11.52
>2.54
I J. 04
13.48
12. S9
10.77
'3-35
ii>. 52
16. 94
'"■77
15.96
1(1.00
17 24
15 II
16. oj
18. 7S
'9- 75
22. 10
21. 62
21.97
22.48
2 1 . S(!
20. 28
22,49
20. 9 I
21. 17
20.44
20.02
20. 29
19.40
20. 47
'7.^8
16. 2T,
16. 16
14. 26
15.07
* 3 ro supposed io«out.
* i»4 supposeil 111" (lut.
* jio supposed i" out.
' M2<i i» out.
• 124 ulloH i-il to run Jowii (III the 37th.
/v,
1-5-
Kale f 0,26'
:l|'|.litv|.
'''■ '". s.
4 i 17. 10
11.52
>2-54
I.). 04
13.4s
12.89
10.77
16. 32
16.94
16.77
15.96
l*>. 00
17.24
15 11
10.03
18.78
"9.75
32. 10
21.62
21.97
22.48
21.86
20.28
22.49
20. 91
21. 17
20.44
20.02
20. 29
19.40
20. 47
■7..i«
II.. 23
III. II.
14. 26
15.07
miith, i/iiiin^' ii/'.si-n'd/ions
1
1
■i
MHl
nt .
ml
(1
tr
II
I.IJ
1
2
iifir
•i
1
4
r.
1
7
X
'
»
1
■J
:i
1
r.
17
H 1.1 ■.'(!
M '.'4 '.'."i
linmrv
.-
-
_
.._
^
—
—
- -
-
1^1 'MW
*5
^
•"w
3
■J
^
^
—
—
_
_
1
J
\
\
Ss
— — -
■1 49" as
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Jan. 21, jl' 111
Jan. 21
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Jan. 23
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Jan. 23
, 4I' 111
Jan. 23
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Jan. 25, |i' 111
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Jan. 25, s" to
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44
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F
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Jan. 29, 5I1 tu
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Jan. 25
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, 2'' to
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5
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, 2'' to
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Jan. 26, s"" to
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Jan. 2(
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5
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12.7
52.1
53-7
34.6
23- 5
.... 59'
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38. 8
3<'.. 2
04.6
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'3-2
16.8
363
35-7
27.9
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44.0
41.6
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19.5 20.8
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55.3
57-3
37-6
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21.4 22.7
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28. 6
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43-5
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57. 9
12.9
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25-7
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--. 37-5
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49.6
23' 3
27.8
01). 2
07.9
52.2
335
38.4 — -
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728
THE LADY FRANKLIN BAY EXPEDITION.
( I
Correction for arc. Tabic of mean /, ami corrected /'-'.
/j, for^l =
/
u, for <J =
Swing.
Approx.
/« wt.
mean. !
t'orr.
.
1
adopted.
.02S0
.014S
.0084
.0050
1
.0280
/;. t>i.
.0148
.0084
m.
.0050
m.
m.
h. m.
m.
m.
f».
m.
m.
m.
///.
I
39
10 53-3 +
S2-4\
S'-7
50. 0
52-7 •
3' 0
•o 55-5
55-6
55-8
55-0
55- 6
-»
112
II 58.2
57-3
5*x8
j6. 0
57.6 +
1 10. 3
12 0. 1
0. 0
0-3
0.2
0. 1
3
3'»
4 42.04
41. Si
42.0+
41.4
41.94
38-7
4 42-4
42.3
42-7
♦ 2. I
42.4
4
3'»
9 }<}■ 1
37- 8 -f
37. I +
35- >* i
i^i
36. 6
9 41-7
41.6
42.0
41.9
41-7
5
lij
10 iS. 7 t
18.2
19.0
15- 't
18.4 t
HI. I
10 19.7
19.6
20. 8
17.4
"9-7
t)
3'>
i 26. 0
25- 4
26. 34
26.0
25-7
38.6
3 26.4
26. 0
27.0
27.0
26. J
7
3'>
9 10. s
19.2
«9. 34
19. s
«9.44"
■38-3
9 20. 6
20.3
20.8
21. i.
20.5
S
112
9 44. 9 f
46.1 +
48.7
46.64
45-84
1 14- 9
941.8
41.8
42.8
39-4
41.8
9
39
2 '(■4t
10. I
10. 64
IQ. 9
9-84
40-3
2 8.0
8.1
8.0
7-6
8.0
lO
39
9 ^S-2 f
27.6
27.6 ,
27-3
27-9
38. 1
9 29.2
29.0
29-5
29-5
29.1
II
112
9 49- 0
47-4;
49.0
48.9*
48.2
no. 7
9 50.4
49-5
51.6
52.2
50.1
12
39
1
69. 6
61. 2
53- 9 r
68. 24
21-5
2
37-0
36.8
37-7
37.0
"3
39
>• 33' 5
3'- 9
32.54
33-94
32- 64
37-3
"I 35-4
34-6
36.0
38.2
35-'
14
112
10 103.6
770+
54. 4 1
41.8
86. I
59-3
12 41.6
39.6
41.6
53-5
40.7
>S
39
3 54-t'T
46.44
35-7
22. 64-
48.8
19 3
4 16.3
"73
15.8
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I6
39
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35- 44
36.04
36- '4
35-3^
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112
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52. 2 i
55-54
51. 8)
51-8
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10 4(). 5
40. 5
48.0
• 4J. 6
46.6
1 8
39
3 24- 4 •
25.1
2«^-34
26.8
24- 94
40.7
3 22.6
22.4
22.9
22.6
22.5
19
39
II 37.S ■
37- 9 f
39 0
39- 8 i
38.0
39. 9
II .<f>-9
36-5
37.2
37-6
.36.7
20
112
>i 53-3 •
52. 9 t
55-24
54-3
53-3
1 1 2. 6
II 52.7
52.0
54-0
52.8
52-4
21
39
4 40- 3 •
40. I
40. 1
3'J- 3+
40. 2
38- 5
4 40. 9
40.9
4I-I
40. 6
40-9
22
39
II
52.4+
53- 8+
54- >
52-6+
4'-5
II
48.5
48.8
47-8
48- 5
2.?
112
0 3-9-
37
6.2+
5-9
4.0
113. I
0 2.7
2.0
4.0
3-2
2-4
24
39
4 i.h 5
34.4
35-7
36-4+
34- « 4
41. 1
4 3«-2
3« 1
3«-4
3'-2
3'-2
25
39
0 22. 1
22.3
23- 44
23- 44
22.3
39-9
0 21. 1
20.9
21.6
21.2
21.0
26
112 .
0 3^-5
29.6
3'-2-t
33-3
30- 9-
109. I
0 35- 7
34 I
37-1
42.6
35-'
27
39
S 2S.8
29. S
30.8
31-7 •
29-34
40.9
S 26.7
2«..5
26. 9
27.0
26.6
aS
39
" 55-5 +
54-7
54-84
54-8
55-0-
37-9
II 56.8
5" 4
y7. •
57.6
56.6
29
112
0 0. 1
6.2
7-74
8-5
6-3
113- I
0 4.9
4-5
5-5
5-7
4-8
30
39
5 9-4
9.8
10. 24
9 4-
96;
39-7
5 8.6
8.7
8.8
7-7
8.7
3«
39
I" 53-9
5.V7-t
54-2+
54-44
53-84
39- >
II 53.8
53-<'>
54.0
54-2
53-7
32
112
II 65.9
65.6
f'5-9
67.6
65.8
112. 0
«2 5-9
5-f>
5-9
7.6
5.8
li
39
4 44- 5
45. 3
46.74
47-4 4
45 «
41. I
4 42-2
42.0
42-;
42.2
42.1
34
39
i> 5' 3 •
50.9
S'l
5^-4
51.1
384
ij 52.0
51. 8
52.3 : 51.9
51.9
35
112
0 16. S4
17.1
18.84-
16.2
17-14
113. 0
0 «5-7
15.6
16. 8
'3-7
"5-7
30
39
4 39- I +
3S. <- •
39- 3 *
38. 74
38-9
38.6
4 39- ()
39-3
40. 2
3'».7
39.5
37
39
I 47.2
48.0
49- 3 *
50. 24
47-8
41.0
I 45 0
44.9
45-3
45-2
45.0
3.S
112
2 '1.5
«3'r
16. 2 t
16-44
II. 9
119. 0
I 61.8
62.2
62.0
58.9
62.0
39
39
7 14-3
15-4 +
17.0
'7-7
15.1
41.6
7 11-4
II. 4
II. 7
II. 2
11.4
40
39
0 50. 0
49. 0.
49- 34
48.7
49- 44
.i7-7
0 51-4
51.1
52.0
52.0
5'-3
41
112
0 tio. s
58. 6 +
53-24
47.0
58-9
105.4
I 7-8
9.0
6.7
3-5
8-3
42
39
3 9-4
9-9 t
10.9
'0-74
9-^
4<>-3
5 8.0
7-9
8-3
7-5
8.0
43
39
0 23. 6 -f
23- 5
23.64
23.0
23-54
38.8
' 0 23. 9
2.3.8
24-1
2.?-5
23 9
44
i;2
0 37. 6
37- 4 '
37-94
35-2
37-5
III. 7
0 37- 9
.37-9
38. 6
36.0
37-9
45
39
4 5"- 5
59-4-1
59-74
59- 74
59- S
39.1
4 59 4
59-3
59-5
59 5
59-4
40
39
0 40. 3 f
41-3^
42. 6
4?. 2 4
41.04
41.2
0 37 9
37-0
38.1
37-8
37-9
47
112
0 56. I
48. 9 4
47-4
47-4
5« 7
100. 9
I 8.3
6-3
10. 0
"5-2
75
4S
39
5 53
(>i-
7-44-
',-4
6.0
41. I
5 30
3-1
3-2
2.1
3.0
TUE LADY la{A^•KLl^' I3AY EXPEDITION.
729
Pkndui.um, I'i-irlf, No. i.
Qiitir of iihtss.
(II. Fiiri|iili;ir, i>l)M.ivcr, Ia:iu.iry lo, 1887.)
Ill miiiillc.
Near li^^lit end.
In middle.
Near lie
a\y end.
In middle.
Near heavy end.
In middle.
Near light einl.
\
Numlicr
Xiiniber
Nund)er j Number
Number ! ;f umber
.Number
Number
ilown.
up.
up.
down.
0. 428
up.
down.
0.445
down.
0.717
up.
0.722
0-75.?
^- 75.?
o. 453
0.43S
• 7.V)
•753
.444
.4.?«
•4.i5
.450
• 4t<>
• 724
.724
60.067
•75-'
■747
10.027
• 4.16
10.027
.446
• 429
60. 048
.72(.
•725
.74,
.752
••(42
• 4.;5
' • 443
•443
.714
•724
- o- 749
•755
•750
- 0. 440
.450
• 43S j
— 0.442 1 .447
■432
- 0. 723
•723
•725
0.724
S9-3'S
Diflerence
0.748
0.751
9. 587
0. 445 0. 435
Dillereiicc.
0. .V45
0-439
59- 325
0.721
49- 73"
i
49. 740
.Vdopteil mean /i,t //„
Reduction to stop-meter at 68.
(1)1. cm.
■^•7.?C>
'"- *"4<;r4l"'" ■^••"+
ft,i~~fi» in terms of slo|) nu'ter
//,( -\ //„ in terms ol stop-meter.
Tlicse iiicasurcs were made with e(lj,'c 9 at light ciul and 10 at heavy end. The edges being inteixlianged tlie center of
mass is moved by tlie ratio ol" the dit'terence between the ma.sses of 9 and 10 (found by Dr. Clark to be o.6744«"') to that of the
iiendulum, multinlied by the distance between the two edges in position, or °' '^"^ X ioi.8'"' = o.oo66'"', and with refvi-ence to
' ' ' - o . 10456
the edges by the diHerence between the distances of the two from the center of figure, or 0.0167'"', making a total change in
h^ or /*, of 0.0233'"'. ^^ *-' '''i^*-' t'^^'"' ''"^''' c'l'ing^-' of f.Iges
//j=74.9t4 + . 023 = 74.937
//„--2S.i6o-.o23 = 25.i37
h
-;
:\ f-
""■■npiirjppwm— i^p
INDEX.
Acraspeda, 39-42.
,/■,,'(.;////.[ /liiitidila, 25.
yKfiina citrra, 42.
Ai^litnthn iiiiiitsi/in/ini, 43.
ili_^'ilii/is, 45.
,4;,'/('/i'/7</.'; ila<y>Ui,hyttm, 15.
,/(Vi/ tiritictt, 15.
Alilricli, r., l.icutciiaiit, cited, 2, 27.
AlU- ,i!U\ 21.
Allmaii, (1. J., cited, 41.
Ali'Piairus tilpiniii, 15.
Alt-a/iiiuilli Ni). 12,482.
Amhlyiti\^iiim lycofiodioiilis, 17.
minutissimum, 1 7.
uiiiiiinliiiii, 17.
t> i fill i urn, iS.
Ammolryf'iiiii' iiiiA<j^',isUr, 49.
Aniiiliipoda, 50.
Aiulruiiioda, II.
4-ltti/rosiiCt- Sf/i/fH/>ioitd/is, 14,
Aiuniomctir, jo6.
Annelida, 4S.
Annua! change of declination and d'j), l853-'83, 631, 632.
Archer, K. il., Lieutenant, cited, I.
Arctitgroslis Uitifotit, 15.
Arr/iirus .''ii^Hi, ^i<,S^-
Arrtiii/iti iit/i't/'ns, 25, 26.
r.rttii, 13.
Armstronj,', A., Sir, cited, 3, 5, 28.
Arniiit nionliiiiii, 14.
Ait,ir/,\ 57.
A.^teroida, 47.
Aslriinciniical oliserv.itions, 59-78.
north coa.st "f ( Ireenhuid, 60-76.
by field parties, 77-7H.
record and results of, for the detainination of local 'iine, latitmie.
lonL;itiide, and a/innith of a ninrk, 482-504.
mot hod of reduction, 4S2.
transit uhservations at I-'oll ('ont;er, lNSl-'S2, 721 -72^.
Airii/iiiiw (/•iiiiu'Miiiii 1^;) ), 16.
Auk, little, 21.
A»/,i.oiiiiiiitiii (/■,;/;//,'■;/«/, Muell. (?)), 16.
imxii/iiin, 10.
Auri-liii Ihivuliih, 39.
li/iiii/ii, 39.
Auroral displays, niaijnetic observations during, 628, 629.
special observations during', S'^I'S^S-
Auroral oljservations, 386-400.
dates of observations at Fort Conger, 628.
Azimuth, value of, during observations for gravity, 724, chart,
of marks, 490-491.
Back, (!., Sir, cited, 28.
lidloiici i/iys/i<t/us, 9.
Barhiilii nlpiiut, 16.
Haronieter, 94, 95, 401.
liear, 1,2.
Iiearded seal, 8.
lielcher, V.., Sir, cited, 5, 57.
Heliii^a catodoH, 9.
lienchmarks, 637-640
Hi'iiiiilii brmta, 24.
licrov. rcneolii, 44.
liesscls, F.., Iir., cited, 4,8,21,22.
ISirds, table showing dates of arrival and departure at various arctic sta-
tions, 30-37.
ii.st of, observed north of Sl° 30' from 1871-83, 29.
Bl't'li.iio-ia irycot'IiyH.i, 18.
livlina, 44.
ISotany, report by I.ieut. A, \V. Crcely, 1 1 -18.
lioutelle, J. B., assistance in reducing magnetic observations, 511
Ihailiylhccium /<lumi'siiiii, 17.
sah-lnviiim, 17.
cin/iosiim, 1 8.
r.rainard, 1). 1.., Sergeant, cited, 6,7,9, '2,27.45.379-
mosses and lichens from 'Farthest North," collected by, 16,
lirant, 24.
/iidiUa herniiUi, 24.
Uniya iil[<ina {fuifurmccits), 12.
lirovvn, K., Dr., cited, 3, 9.
Br\'um l>ro-a'>iii, 16.
liufiii'lii, 16.
piHiiululll, 16.
fiurpurascciis, 16.
luyHiKittim, 16.
ariluitin, 17.
otlo/'liyHuiii, 17.
iJunting, snow, 27.
Ihirgomaster, 22.
Caiii/ris airitinit:, 25.
Ci/ia-^i-ii coi<lij:<iiuni, 17.
dilataUim, 17.
liihaidioni, 17.
731
(I
i32
INDKX.
I 1^
I!
Ol//<' .,-.'« .UtPDhllti'SUIH, 17.
tu>\;tsi(iu, 17.
Ciu7iiti»iii ormifii, 40.
Cim/'/i<//i,iiitm >ii/fi:.!, 17.
( 'iini/'yu'/'iis /l< xiii'siis, 10.
Cijiiii lupus, 5.
CarJiimiiii fniti-iuis, 1 3.
tiJ;Y.( ,i.'r,i/ii (uiliil.ilii), 15.
mi.uviiirii, 1 5.
Hiin/iitii, 15.
ru/'i-s/ris, 1 5.
vu/i,'iins, 15.
rarnivora, 1-4.
(■.Mj/i'/i' litni^iiiii, 14,
Ctp/'hus iiianJtii, 20.
Ci-raslium nlpinuin, 1 3.
t'elacca, 9, lo.
Citraria 1 «. i7///.;/7, iS.
ihrxsiinthii, iS.
ChatogiLilha, 4S.
CliKSlosyHis ivnU.ii, 49,51.
C/iiiraJiius tt'o»iiiii,us, 25.
■iiXiuiiUi ,L'»iiiii,us, "i^.
Charts, lisl of melctprnlo^ical, 92.
Cheiranlhus /■v^niuus, 12.
Chin hybi-rhorca ni:u>iis, 24.
liyfciboreU', 24.
Cnircli'ta Ai-r is, 47.
tlirii-liaiiscn. 1'. T., citcil, 7.
Cl.ii>tie, .V. S., report on lulal observations, 657-700.
Clinmometer No. 124, ciprrection ami rate, 4S6.
Clironomctcr transjiortatioii, (ielcnnination of longitude \>\, 492-495.
Cliruiionieters, coni|i,irisun, 45>2, 4SJ. 4f>5,4^0.
ilescrii'lion, 4S2.
rate of chninonii'tcr, 725.
diagram showing errors, 724, chart.
CktysOiiomus, 57.
Cimtiilium a>\li,tim, 16.
sty^iu'ii, 10.
siitrotunUum, 16.
CliiJonia raii^i/iiiiij, 1 8.
diiii^ui'ti hyunalii, 23.
Clark, J. J.', Dr., ixf^.'r-^-
Clay, U., titeil, 25.
cy/i';;<- /<;/;//;< 7; c;,<i;, 50, 52.
Cloudiness, mean, l.SSi-Sj, 3f>7.
connection with t>:iiiierature, 367, chart 14.
hours of clear, fair, or cloudy, 3fiS.
hourly amount, kind, and direction, .\ugusl 5, 1881, to July 3,
1SS3, 318-365.
CoshUariii Jciii-trata, 1 1.
officinal s {t) /inis/mlj, 12.
Coefficient of expansion of peiidiiluni. I'eirce No. 1, 70;, 7i()-7i9.
C\iymliui si/'/in/i ion,i/.s, 20.
1,'y.liiiitli', 2S.
Connell, M., Sergeant, 40.
Constants, iiistrunmilal, for lliedelcrnnnalion'-f llie hori/<i]ilal l"orce,5S6-
5'S'>.
for the deterniinalioii of iln.- dijp, 011, 612.
Cop]iinger, R. W., I)r., cile<l, I, 27.
t()>T7(i lofitx siniiiifiii, 27.
<.'rane, little l.rown, 24.
Crasjiedoti, 43.
Cniitacea, 49, 50, 53, plates ii, iii.
Crymofhylus fulii iin'us, 24 .
Mhi/us, 28.
Clenophora, 44.
Curtis, G. K., rc|Kirt on Lieutenant I.ockwood's astronomical okservations
on north cast oft ireenland. (>o-r)3.
Cyanc: arclini, 39.
Cys/ifti>is/iiii;i/is, 1 5.
Dail, \V. II., identilicition of nn.llu.^ca hy. 57. 58.
I)aHson, Captain, l(-.S, 170.
Declination, niagmtic, measures of, 505-585.
oh. crvatioii.s Irom September, iSSi, to .\ugiist, 1SS2, with discus-
sion. 50S-510.
average daily and annual variation, 510, chart,
scries of hourly observations at I'ort C"onger, from July I, 1SS2, to
August I, 1SS3, with reduction and discussion, 514-5S6.
recognition and analysis of the disturbances, 539-543.
reduction and (li.-<iussion of the ob.-ervalions from |uly I, I.SS2, lo
.August 1,1883. 5.,4-555.
iliurnal disturbance variation, 54S.
table of values of m, as Compaied with the monlMy uii'aii for that
hour, S4(>-54S.
monthly means of the hourly \alues at lorl Conger, .\ugust 1, 1S.S2,
to .\ugust 1, 18S3, 550. 551.
monthly values of the hourly normals at Tort Conger, .\ugust 1, 1SS2,
to .Augu.'.t 1, 1S83, 550,551.
.solar diurnal variation after separation of the larger disturbances,
552-554, chart,
larger disturbances at I'ort Conger, .August 1,1882, to .August I,
18S3, with discussion, 555-560, chart,
extremes in the hourly series at I'ort Conger. 555.
term (lay observations at I'ort Conger, July 1, 18S2, to .August I,
1883.561-574,635. plates i-iv.
term hour observations at I'ort Conger, July 1, 1 882, to .August I,
18S3, 575-580,1)35, I la'.es v-vi.
s[)ecial term observations r.t I'ort Conger during auroral dispUays
and grrni disturbances, 5S1-5S5.
observ.ations diring ge0graphic.1l exjdorations, 629.
annual deirease. l.'"'53-'83, 631.
reductions of the ob.-,i.rvations at I'ort Conger, lSSl-'82, 633-
("MS-
I)clleclions with theodolite magnetometer, S90-597.
I)e Long, <i. W., Captain cited, 9, 28.
J)esi/iiimf>siii bn-rifoliii, 1 5.
Diiipen.\ia iiippoitiiO, 15.
Dicri,,(rii<fiitii iiis/'ii/ii, 18.
Didymoiion rubellus, 17.
Dip, magnetic, instrumental constants for the determination of, Oil,
612.
observations, t )ctober, 1882, to .May, 1.V83, 614-1127.
nuinthly means of hourly valies, October, 18S2, to .May, 1 883,
1)26, (127.
diurn.al variation of, 628.
average annual rate of increase, 628.
aniaial change, l875-'S3, (132.
Dip circle (Kevv No. 19), location, 480,481.
unsatisfactory working of, 4S1, 612.
observations, with needle No. 2,611-627.
Diiliihhiiii i,ip['t!la.,m. Id.
inilhiiiliim, 17.
Disturbance variation, <liurn.d, 54S.
Disturbances of the declination, recognition anil analysis, 539-543.
larger, at I'ort Conger, August, 18S2, to August, 1883, with dis-
cussion, 555-560, chart.
^\
Cnl observations
>i, with (liscii
["ly '. lSS2,to
S>4-5«S0.
Illy I, iS.Sj, tn
iniraii fur tliat
lUgust I, iS,S2,
'llgllst I,I,SS2,
liistiirbanccs,
, tu August I,
to Aiitjiist I,
to Aii^;iibt I,
oral <li.si)lays
on of, 6ii,
May. i88j,
S4J.
, with dis-
INDEX.
733
Disturbances, rtl.ilivc rrc.|iieiicy, liourly rati<s, 560.
Diver, rcd-tliroatcil, jo.
ureal norllicrii, 2S.
Dovcliio, ?i.
Draba ,i//'i>hi, 12.
'vratlii, 12.
/liltij, 12.
iii/'i-i/n's, 12.
Duck, liingtailed, 2?.
oldsiiuaw, 2J,
Eagle, wbite-tailcd, 26.
Kiaysea, 26.
ICartli Itmpcratiire, 370.
Kchinodermata, 47, 53, plate ii.
Kgerton, G. Le C, Lieutenant, K. X., cited, 9.
F.ider, 25.
king, 2j.
Klison, ]., Sergeant, 2.
mosses and lichens prepared by, lO.
taxidermist, !y.
/•'/'i/'ii/i.i, 44.
Kpilobiinn /,itif.!iuin, 14.
Eliiiii-ttim (])~vnst\ 15.
•. :irii-.;ii/Hm, 15.
£n\'i-ron lompositus, 1 4.
iiiii/lonis, 14.
Eiiophonim ,iii.;ii'^lif,'!iiiiii, 15.
Ilrniine, 4.
Jui:iih/'/,i )-/:,il>,/,h<iif;i, 17.
Eiiihyiuhiiim Taiii/hri, 17.
F.tilrctiia fdn-ariliii, IJ.
lOvaporation, ;6('i.
method of observation, 370.
discussion and sunnnary, 370, 371.
l-'.xplor.itions, geographical, collection of magnetic declinations
during, 629-631.
Fairfield, NV. 1!., pendulum observations made in Wasliiugt.m 1
J'aico I iiiitliains, 20.
iil,iH</us, 26.
I'alcon, ( Ireenl.ind, 26.
lariuhar, II., reduction of pendulum observations liy, 7'-\5-
supplenienlary report on the pcmlulum observations at I-'o
710-729.
reply to charges made by Professor I'circe, in regard to
I'eirce No. i, 710-719.
" Tarthest North," vegetation at, iS.
observations for I'ine and latituilc at, 63.
Fcilden, II. \V., Major, tit.'.., 1,2,4,5,6,7,9, 15, 16, 17, iS, :
23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 50.
mosses and lichens found by, 17, 18.
Fencker, Mr., ornithologist, services, 19.
cited, 28.
Ferrcl, W., cited, on atmospheric circulation, 15S.
Festtua ruhni, 15.
Fewkes, J. W., report on niedus.v, 39-45.
report on echinodermata, vermes, Crustacea, and pteropcji
47-50. 5j'1'1'>'<-"s 'b 'i'-
Fiord-seal (" (loerat"), 7, S.
Foramitiipr, 57,. 58.
Fort Conger, meteorological observations, 9I-45J'
observed
ri4-
rt ( 'oni-er.
licmlulum
-■J.
mollus
Fort Conger, magnetic observations, 475-635.
most northern of tlie thirteen international stations, 479.
geographical [losition, 482-504.
time observations, 482-486, 489-490.
latitude observations, and results, 486-4S8.
longitude observations, 492-504.
tidal observations, 637-700.
lieuduluni observations, 701-729.
Fox, arctic, 2.
blue or Sdiity, 2, 3.
I'l lilt renin III (til <i, 20.
Frederick, J., Sergeant, 27.
Fulmar, 23.
liiliiiaiiis glafialis, 23.
CSdiiimniiiiiiiithiii loriuiliis, 49, 52.
Gardiner, II. S., Scrgeai.:, cited, 40, 41,43,45, 47,48,49, 57.
meteorological observer, 91.
Ciarlington. I",. .\., Lieutenant, 94.
Gavin lUini, 22.
GifTard, G. A., Lieutenant, R. N., cited, 7.
CIntlingen mean time used in magnetic observations, 4S1.
corrections to reduce to local or Washingto.i, 481.
Goose, brent, 24.
lesser snow, 24.
Gravity, comparison between the observations at Fort Conger and Wash-
ington, 714.
.S'lV, alit', IViululum observations.
Gray, .\., botanical s]iecimens identified by, II.
(ireely, A. \\'.. Lieutenant, commanding expedition —
report on mammalia, l-io.
rejiort on botany, 11-18.
report 011 mosses and lichens, 15, 16, iS.
report on ornithology, 19-37.
notes cui medus.e, 42, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 57.
report on mollusca, 57, 58.
report on astronomical oliservations, 59, 60.
description of magnetic observatory, instruments, and methods of
observation, 480,481.
remarks on magnetic disturbances during auroras, 628, 629.
electrical self-recording tide-gauge improvised by, 637.
letter describing the tide-gauges and methods of observation, 637-639.
memorandum concerning statements of Professor I'eirce regarding
the pendulum observations, 715.
Ciiis iMiiiuliiisii (?), 24.
(luilleinot,lilack, 20
Uruennich's, 21.
Gull, glaucous, 22.
Iceland, 22.
ivory. 22.
Sabine's, 22.
Ross's, 28.
Gyrfalcon, 26.
lla-ckel, E„ cited, 40, 41,43-
I/ali.ii-tii! iilhidlh, 26.
Hare, 5.
ILm-Ulii :^hioalis, 23.
llarmotluk imbricata, 48, 5 1 ,
Ilarpidium (,imblys/--i;iiim) lyeo/'OiiioiJcs, 17.
(amb/ysf<x'i">i) loi'iimliim, 17.
7vriiiivsitm, 17.
Hart, C. M., cited, 16, 17, iS, 20, 26, 27,
H
734
INDKX.
I)
Harf. C. M., amnpemciit of s|icciLS mulcr ilu' iiiw nuincnclaturc, 20,
Hart, H. C, mosses ami Ikiicns found l>y, 17, iS.
Hayes, I. I., Captain, lited, I. ;„9, 20, 21, 22, 2O, 2y, 2$.
Ha/en, II. A., cited, 2;,S. 3:7.
lia/cn. \V. I!., (lincral, Co oper.ilion willi llic liili ni.ilinnal I'ular Coin
mission, 479.
Heiiatic.v, iS.
//«/(•; (J /'txm„ii.<. 12.
Ililgard, I'rofcs.sor, 716.
Hoar-fro.st. nutliod of oliscrvalion, 369.
daily amount, _;7o.
IIolo;luirioiiUa, .}7.
Hooker. J. It., .^ir. c ud. iS.
Hooper, C. I.., Captain, l'. S. K. M., cited, q.
Horizontal components of the ni.ii;Melic force, measures of tlie, witli
results, 5S()-(iio.
Horizontal force, instrumental constants for llie detcrminatii>n of the, 586-
5S9.
record of deflections, raid comi)utatiun of the, 5')0-597.
record tjf oscillations, and compulation of the, 5';'^-l'09.
Horner, Dr., cited, 27.
Hourly oliservations, liarometer, yfi-ISj, I'i7. K'S, 175.
thermometer, 22.S, 2 5(1, 237.
anemometer, 312, ;i3.
declination, 5i4-5St).
dip, 620,027. •
tidal, 641-650.
Humidity of the atmosphere, method of ol>si rvation, 23S.
tridaily rea<liut;s, alisolute and relative, .\u^iisl, iS.Si, to Jidy,
iS.Sj, 23.)-25(..
olisenations from St. John's to lort Conger, 402,403.
//vii/rii lii,l,n(al>i. 50, 52, 5S.
Hyi;roineter, 23S.
Hyptiiim /•/icii/eii, 1 7.
Ice, inland, 379.
mean thickness of saltwater, lSSi-'S3, 3S1.
measurements, |,SS|-'S3, jJ^j. 3X4.
record of movement of pack from I'ort Conner to ('amp Ci.iy,
412-421.
Inclination. S,i- I)ip.
Instruments, maj^netic, ripiipnient. 47(^4.Si.
tidal, 637-639.
pendulum, 701 703, 715-719.
International I'olar < 'ominission, ol.jecl of, 471).
Israel, V.., .Serjeant, astronomer and niaj;netist, 59, 61, 71), 91, 4S0, 4S1,
63<>.
.accuracy of work. 4.S2.
pendulum wmk liy, 701,702,703,705.
IsoiKjda, 50.
Jae|;er. ]iarisitis, 21.
loiiy tailed, 21, 22.
|Miiiiarine, 2.S.
Jewell. W, S., Seij;eant, 91.
Juiiiii I'i^liinih, 14.
Jungvrmiinniii ; iiilruvsa, 18.
Kane, 1'.. K., 1 )r.. cited, 27.
Killer or swordlish, 9.
Kill); eider, 23.
Kislingbury, !•'. I",, I.ieuteii.iiit. mosses and lichens collected hy, 15.
citeil, 26.
Kittiwakc, 22,
Knot ( /';/«;',; ,;ni!i/iis), i'lentilied v^^ of, K), 24, 25.
A'l'/irtsiit Sihfhlii, 15.
Kumlicn, I.., cilcil, 20, 25, 27, 2S.
Fji'.^-i'/'lif ruf-fslriu 26.
Lainont, Mr., cited, i, 3, 27.
Liirus x/''i<'ii!, 22,
Ifiiiof'ti-riis, 22.
Latitude of " Tarthesl North," oliservations for, 63.
Fort Conner, observations for, and results, 4S6-4.S.S,
/('(/./ /'oitiiiniiiiii, 57.
I.efroy, J. II., Captain. 170.
I.elmert. Iv, Rev., mosses and lichens identilied by, 16-18.
I.emmini,', 4,5.
l.i-^tiibiyuni l>ynj\'rmi\ I S.
I.ifiiiU) ill. ^.\.
Lichens, report by Kev. K. Lelinert and Lieut. A. W.tJreely, 15-18,
Litorimt gnxntiindii a, 57.
Lloyd. II., Dr., cited, 548.
Lock VN< Mid, J. 11,, Lieutenant, 1, 2, 4, 5. 6, S, 0, iS, 26. 27, 44,45, 50, 339.
astronomical observations on north coast (pf (ireeiilaiul by, 61-76.
I.onj;. I'., Serjeant, tidal observer, 638.
Lon^ituile and time, observations for, at I'ort Con(;er, 41/2-504.
Lon^;itude b> means of chronometer transportation, 492-495.
Ironi nioiin culminations, 495-50I.
by means of occultations, 502,
by means of lunar ilistanccs, 503, 504.
I.HZHui hyl'irhoriii (yonJUiii), 14.
I.yjinis ,ifil,i/,i. 13.
trijloni, 13.
Lyon. Captain, cited, 1,4,25,
ItlcClintock, 1'. I.., Sir, cited, 26.
MeCormick, l)r., i.ile.1, 9, 20, 21, 22, 25.
Magnetism, terrestrial, report on the record, with compul.ition and results
of the ni.i(;netic observations, iS.Sl-'84 (Scliotl), 475-635.
magnetic observatory and apparatus, description, 479-4.S1.
local time, observ.ations at Fort Conger for, 483-4.*>6, 492-504.
latitude of I'ort Conger, observations and result, 4S6-4S8.
azimuth of magnetic mark, observations for, 489-41)!.
longitude of Fort Conger, observations for, 492-504.
magnetic axis of long magnet, delerinination of, 505-507.
magnetic ileclinalion, observations and results, September, iSSl, to
.August, 1S82, 50S-510.
solar diurnal variation for the year ending .\ugust, iS,S2, 510
chart,
seriesof hourly declinations bel\»een July I, l.S,S2,and .August I,
1S83, 511-538.
recognition and analvsis of the distuibances of, 539-544.
reduction and discussion of the observations between July 1, 1S82,
and .\ugust I, 1883, 544- 5S9.
table of values of m, or of tlie mean deviation of an observed
declination as Coiup.uid with the niouthlv mean for that hour,
54i)-548.
monthly means of the hourly v.ilues, .\ugust I, 1 882, to .Vugust I,
'•^Sj, 550, 551.
monthly values of the liouily normals, .August 1, iSS2,to .August
I, 1883, 550, 551.
solar diurnal variation for the year ending .\ugust 1, 18S3, 552-
554, chart,
the l.irger dislurbaiices at I'ort Conger, .August, 1882,10 August,
"S-*<J. 555-5'^'o. chart.
INDKX'.
735
ily, iS-iS.
mil liy, 61-7O.
-504.
J5-
oil and resulls
■ 47S-f'J5-
• 492-504.
4S«.
507.
iIht, iSSi, to
■I. iNSj, 510
111! .\ii(;ii.sl I,
-S44.
July i.iSSj,
an 0l1.serM.1l
"I- that hour,
lo .\ul;ii.-,i I,
-.to August
, 1883, SS2-
J, to August,
MnRiiclism, terrestrial, tcrmday oli.servalion.s at Fori Contier, luly i. tSSz,
to AuRii.st t, iSS.i. 501-574, (,,5, ,,|a,es i..iv.
term hour ol>.scrvations at Korl Conner, luly 1. iSS^.to Aii-iM i
If<!<.!.S7S-5*<". ''.?.=;. plalesv.xi.
.speci.il term ob.M-rvalion.s (hirii.;; aiirni-.,l ,lis|,l;u> ,,r |.;reat niai;.
lletie (li.-.liirliaMCe,-., 581 s,>\h.
ohserxalioiu iluriin; t;e.,(;raplri> .,1 explnialion.s. (.j(H',,!2.
rciluctioiis of the .leclinali(.n.s oh.served at I'ort Con^jer, Seiileni
her 17, 18S1, 1,1 [uiie 21, iS,S2, i>,i.i-6;5.
measures of the liori/oiital coniponenl> ..f the niat;iielie force, 586-
610.
record of ilelleclion.s, with partial reihictiuii, 5go-5,-,7.
reconl of o.sc iH.uion.s :iii.l eoiii|Hitalioii of hori/ontal force, 59S-
(km).
rcc.i].ilulatioti of re.Milt.s for, lietwecti Se|ilenil)cr, iSSi, and Aii-
gu>t, iSSj, (no.
iiiaj;iietic dip, ol).^er^ ilit.iis at I'orl ( 'oiitjer, CVtober 24, 18S2, to [utie
I, 1883,611-627.
hourly scries of the dip, 614-627.
results fo- dip, vertical and total inten>ilv, 6jS.
recapitulation of moiuldy menus of hourly values, ( ictnher iS.S.',
to June, iSS,', 626, (127.
auroral displa)s in eoniieetion with ma^;iietic oll^crvatioli.^, 6.\S,
620.
magnetic results, coverini; the region of approaches to and nonli
of .Smith Sound, 6;o-()j2.
Magnetometer (No. 12!, location, 4S0, 4,S|. 505.
osciU.ilions and dellections made with, 5S(i-l)0 5.
>!allemuke, 2 ;.
Miimmalia, leporl liy I.icut .\. \V, (ireely. l-lo.
distriliution in a):.i northwanl of Kennedy Channel, 10.
Miiri^arilii /hliiiuii, S'-i
ii'iil'ili, I'lis, 58.
Mark, locaticm and des-ription. 4S0.
observations for adnuith of, 4811,490.
Markliam, C. K., cited, 1. 3, 3, 12.
Mean deviation (///) of an ol).-,erveil declination, as compiared with the
monthly mean for that hour, table of values of tlie, 546-54,S.
Medu.s.e, report on, 3')-45, plate i.
tree hyilruid, list of arctic, 4;.
miknown, remarks on, 45-
list of Collections by the e,\peililioii, 45.
Merganser, red breasted, 28.
j)/i7y;</«.( (///<■, 2 1 .
Mergiis s<-rrator, 28.
Mii/iMsiii Viiim (?), 44.
Meteorological charts, list, 92.
ob.scrvalions, report, 91, t53.
tables, list, 92,93.
observations by field [larties, 441-453.
Abilliisea, report, 50, 53, plates ii, iii, 57, 5S.
Mcii.h/on moiiihi-nis, 9, 10.
Moon culminations, ileleriniiialion of longitude by, 495-501.
Mo.ss, v.. 1,., hr., K. N., cited, 27,44,48, 50, 3S0.
Messes and lichens, report, 15-18.
Murdoch, J., cited, 4, 27, 28, 42, 47.
Murre, 21.
Musk o,\, 6, 7.
food of, i.S.
Musttla iTmhi,<i, 4.
Afya ii/Yiiiirid, 57, 58.
/iii)i<(i/ii, 57, 58.
1 .Vysh o,ii!„i,, (?), 50.
I Myiirell.i ,i/>i,ti/at.i, 17.
I^arwhal or unicorn, 9, 10.
.Varcoinedu.-.e, 42.
N'ares, C, Sir, 380, 582.
.\',iii^/i,iiil,i /<o/,iiis, 40, plate i, 45.
sp. iiov., 40-42.
Nelson, K, W., cited, 27.
Nephthyiile, 49.
N'cHton, .\., citi'ii, 19, 20, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28.
Nordenskiul.l, .\. K., cited, i, 2, 4, 7, 11, 12, 14, 15, 21, 26.
Northumberland Island, annual decrease of west declination at, 631.
Xyiti-ii )iyi/,;i, 2!), 27.
SfiiitJiiiiii, 26-27.
Nye, I'", !•;., Captain, cited, 9.
Observations, astronomical, 59-78, 4S2-504.
meteorcilogicai, 91-453.
niai,'netic, 505-635.
lid, 11, (■37-700.
liemluium, 701-729.
Observatory, magnetic, description of, 479-481.
Occultatioiis, delemuiiation of longitude by, 502.
('"//>//.//(/;■/,; (?), iS.
( bihelida', 49.
()/''/iiii/>/io/is ciiii/idfii, 47.
Oinithology, report by I.ieut. A. W. Greely, 19-37.
list of birds observed north of Si'' 30', iS7i-'83, 29.
table of earliest and latest dates on which birds have been seen at
various arctic stations, 30-37.
OiihotJuiiiim i/iiyseiim, 16.
nifiscciis, 16.
(,/,7/i,'/".'."V(:-')), 17-
rii!'i-//ii»i, 17.
Oiihoh'uhiiiii! :/'e,ii^stim, 17.
Osborn, S., Ca]ilain, cited, 28.
Chi/'os mosi/iii/ns, 6, 7.
Owl, snowy, 26, 27.
Oxyriii iiii;yihi, 14.
nnformis^ I4.
Ptii^op/ii'ii ci'iinita, 22.
Viiptivcp- niiduiiuh', 12.
I'arry, W. E., Sir, cited, S, 9, 26.
Piinvii <i>riti,o/ii, 12.
P.itterson, C. 1'., 701, 715, 716.
Paulsen, .\. F. \V., 108.
Pavy,i)., m., cited, 8, 50, 58, 59.
Pctiii f^iivnliiiu/iiiis, 57.
l\-i/iiiil>in\ capitatii, 14.
liUr^sJorffii, 14.
I'eircc, C. S., report on pemlubim observations, 701-714.
I'eii'j penduhim No. I, 701-703, 714-715, 716-719, 729.
memorandaui by (leneral (iicely in regard to charges made by
Professor I'eirce concerning, 715.
reply by Professor l''ari|uhar to tiie same charges, 716-719.
r,Uii;.-i<i ii/^'iZ/wMi, 1 8.
Pendulum observations, reix)rt by C. S. Peirce, 701-714.
history of Peirce pendulum No. I, 701,702, 715.
coelhcient of expansion of pendulum, Peirce No. I and No. 4, 703,
716-719.
730
INDEX.
u
I i
!l
H
i y-
rend.ilum oliscrv.iliniis, rocurd of uliscrv.itiont, 704-713.
flcMirc of pciiiliiliiin piirs at I'orl Conjicr, 712.
Comparison of pcii'liihim, IViri'c No. 1 with nicttr No. 49 and
». 71.?-
ol)scivalions at the SinilliKoiiiaii with pcncliilum, I'circc No. 1, 714.
Coni| arixiii of obsirvalioiis at Fort Conner with Ihosi' at Wasliin^;-
ton. 714.
meiiioianilimi l>y (.icni'ral lircdy In reply to statements of Profes-
sor I'eirce concerniiij; the care ami use of pemluliim No. 1 at
Fori I'onjjcr, 715.
supplementary rc|x)rt on the pendulum observations at Fort Conger
liy II. larpihar, 7li)-7J<).
reply to .'-tattuiints of rrofessi>r I'eirce as to responsiliilily for
failure of preliniinar)' observation* in room d, and respecting
the sup|V)sed loss of weight of |ienduliini No. 1, 716-7I0.
compulation of time from transit observations at Fort Conger,
iSSi-'Si. 7Jo-7»4, charr.
Curretliou and rt'j of f. ur cironometers, 7J4, chart,
record of arc observations at Fori Con^;(.l and correction fir arc,
72;-72S.
measures for center of mass ol' pendulum, 7J0.
/'(>;/;;•//.; Ii\ii, inthina, y).
I'erry transit (Coas' Survey, No. 1 1 1, 4,S|, 4X2.
I'halarope, red, 24.
northern, iS.
r/iitliiropiu fuiicariui , ^4.
riicnolojjy, dales dI tlowe.ing of arctic plant ,11.
dates of arrival and dejiarture of birds at various arctic stations,
30-37-
r/iiloMotisfontiitui, \( .
J'hoiii Jatiiia (or /ii.</ii/it), 7,8.
diiriii/ii, 8.
i;ranl<in<ii,(i, 8.
r/iy//t<,/o,f, up. (?),4S, 51.
rinnipedia, 7-9.
J'/ii,-',/iiini in-nu/ti/iim, iS.
fUi^iins, i.S.
riant4, arctic, dates of llowcring, tl.
tlowcring, list and desuiption, 12-15.
Plectrophtitiix niiiilis, 27.
Pteiirobiiiihia r/iin/i'duity/ii, 44.
Mover, golden, 25.
ringed, 25
black bellied, 28.
gray, 2.S.
/"I'l;, ahbrc-.iiilti, 1 5.
tilpina, 15.
arctic t, 15.
cciia, 15.
cciii'i,}, 15.
/,«,;, 15.
Pi'i;cnatiim nl/^iitiiKi, 16.
(iif-il'iiic, 16.
rolych.eta, 48.
Pitlyxonum -jivijiarui'i, 14.
PolynoiiUr (?), 48.
Fiitytri. Ilium formo:u,:<, 1 6.
Polmtittii nii;,t, IV
muculiit.i, I J.
;:,l,l,cl!„, 13.
Pottia luinsii, 17.
rrecipilation, <laily amgunt.s, August 5, 1S81, to July 31, iSSj, ^iS-J^^iJ.
Precipitation, nmnber of hours of rain or snow, 368.
methods of observation, 36S.
niontldy means, iSHi-'S3, 369.
d.iily anupuiits of hoar frost and snow, 370.
rainfall from St. John'.* to Fort Conger, 404,40$.
I'rcssurc of the !»tmos|ihere, list of charts and tables, 92,93.
re|M)rl, 94-1(15.
accuracy of observations, 1)4.05.
hourly readings uf aneroid, .\ugust to December, 1881, f)(t-\o^.
hourly readings of mercurial, .\ugust, 1S81, to .\ugust, 1883,
106-151.
mean d.iily, at h'ort Conger, 152, 153.
mean hourly, at Fort Conger, 154, 155.
mean, by decades, at Fort I onger and Discovery Hay, 156.
annual mean for .\rctic .\nierica, 156, 157.
amiual lluctuation for northern hemispheie, 157-1115, charts I-4.
annual llucluatio;, at I'ort Conger, I0<>. chart 5.
duini.il lluctuation at 1 orl Conger, Ib7, chart (>.
diurn.d lluclualions at intenialional stations, itiS-170, charts 7,8.
annual, ab.solute, and daily ranges at Fort Conger, 171, 172.
rapid tluctuations, 172, 173.
methods of observation, 401.
barometer readings from St. John's to Fort Conger, 402,403.
barometer readings in Kennedy I'hannel and Kane .Sea, 408,409.
barometer readings at Cam|i Clay, 422-425.
daily mean in Kennedy Channel, Kane St«, and at Camp Clay, 437.
ell'ecl of variations \\\w\\ half-tide level, 692,693.
Pii'ce/litiiii :;liiciii/is, 23.
Ptarmigan, rock, 26.
l'tero|x)da, 50.
PufTm, 20.
Radiation, report, 371-37.''.
niethi'ds of oijser\alion, 371, 378.
daily solar and terrestrial thermumetcr readings, September 8, l88l,
to July 31, 1883,372,373.
solar, ilaily excess of maximum black bulb in tiicuo, 374.
terrestrial, deficit of minimum radiating thermometer, 375.
e.\ I rimes and means of solar thermometers, 1 875-' 76, l88l-'83, 376,
solar and terrestri.il, animal curves, 377, 378, chart 17.
moiithly extremes and means of lerrcstrial thermometers, 378.
Kainfall. Sfc Precipitation.
Rain gauge, 368.
Ralston, 1). C., Sergeant, 91. •
J^(ini;i/er titninJiis, 7.
A'dnuncuiMi a finis, 1 2.
»/■;•,. i, 12.
UavPi., .^7.
Reconls, magnetic and tidal, transcripts made at Fort Conger, 480, 637.
original, abandoi\cd a' Fort Conger,48l.
origimil, Accuracy of transcripts from, 481.
Reindeer, 7.
Repsi 'd pendulums, 703, 'iS.
j\h(ithot}i>pi^ tiiitU'iitii, 50.
Pliiici'milrium iiinin^inosuni, 18.
KluHioiltthia rosea, 28.
Rice, ( ;. W., Sergeant, 382.
tidal observer, 638.
Richards, <!. II., Sir, citc<l,9.
Richardson, J., Dr., ci'-cl, 1,5,28,
Rissa tridaclyla, 22.
Rodentia, 4, 5.
Ross, J., Sir, cited, 4,
93-
iS8i, 96-105.
■> AuKiist, 1883,
Hay, 156,
^'5, charts 1-4.
70, charts 7, S.
I7M72-
•, 40:, 40 J.
c Sea, 408, 409.
Camp Clay, 437.
INDEX.
737
ptcmlierS, i88i,
". 374-
er. 375-
. iSSi-'83.376.
17-
ictcrs, 378.
jer, 480, 637.
Ross, J.C..Sir,cilo,I,2,3,4,j.
R'ltm", 21.
Rumiii.iiitia, f>, 7.
Snbint, K., Sir, cilcil, 5, 548, 63a.
Sailille hack .seal, S.
SaKilta,sp, (?),48,si,
Sn/i.r iintiiit, 14,
Sanilcrlin^, 25.
Sandpipfr, iiiirple, 25.
Saunders, II., cited, 23.
SaxifdTii iiri/iiu, 57.
Saxi\ol,i itndiilh,', 27, 28.
Saxift,};.'a opf>'iUiJv!i,t, II, 13,
lernua, 13.
Jl.t-dhris, 13.
riviilaris, 13.
trianpi.lalii, 13.
«rsf<iti'!ii, 14.
ni:<i!is, 14.
Schizo|M)(Ia, 50.
Schotf, C. A,, rc(liicii<in of astrnnomiMl ohservaf'-r.-, 55.
cited, 2}i, 234.
report on the record with, and results of the ma(^netic oh3erv.ition.s
made hy tlie expedition to Lady Ft.mklin Bay, l88l-'84,
47S-''j5-
Scorcshy, W., Captain, cited, 4.
Sea pigeon, 20.
Seatemperalure, 379-385.
(liscii.ssion of mean daily surface, 380, 381.
monlldy mean at various depths, lSSi-'83, 38'>
monthly mean of surface, iS82-'f3, 382.
discussion of annual mean, 382.
rcadint;s at various depths, 1881-83, i^i< 384.
surface, at hi^h and low water, lSS2-'S5, ^85.
observations from St. John's to I'ort Conger, 406, 407,
Seal, fiord, 7,8.
lieariled, 8.
Secliohm, Mr., cited, 3, 4, 19, 22, 25, 26, 28.
Sextant, 61.
Sherman. (). T., 382.
Shrimp, red-cro.ss, 50, 52.
Siemens, Mr., cite<l, 6.
Simultaneous weather charts, March 8, 9, 1883,317, charts 15, l6,
Siphonophora, 44.
Skua, llulfon, 21,23.
common, 21.
|K)matorhine, 28.
Smith, Krarup, Herr, omithological collection of, 19.
Smith, I,., cited, 21, 27.
Solar diurnal variation of the declination, 510, chart, 552-555, chart.
Solar Ihernionielers, extremes and means of, 378,
Solar variation. See Kadiation.
Solmuii,/il!a,!:\^. (?), 42. ,
Solmii>h!iis,?,\i. (}),^2,
Somateria mollissima, 23,
speclabilis, 23.
Sound, velocity at low temperatures, 79-89>
Splachnum rnnulosum, 17.
wormsiioldii, 17.
Squiiliirohi helvetica, 38.
Sie'.laria lont;if>es, 13,
II. Mis. 303, pt 2 47
Stephenson, IF. K, Ciplain, cited, 8.
Slenoniriui l,'H,;iiauJus, 21, 22.
f'drailiius 21.
pomniiuus, 28. .
SUrnn iiiiuii4i(i, 22, 23,
/•it>;ii/i\.,,i, 22, 23.
Stone chat, 27, 28.
Storms, list f„r i8Si-'83. with discu.ssion, 315-317. charts 15, 16.
Stnf'iiliis wlerpris, 25, 26.
Syllidic, 49.
fiililiUi i-i/u'dnhii, 50, 52.
'J'iiiii.f<iiuiii vjjuiiuili', 14.
Temperature, list of clu>rts and tahlcs, 92, 93.
report, 174-23.8.
accuracy of ohseivatioiis, 174, 175.
hourly readings, Aunu.sl, i8,Si, to August, 1883, 176-225.
<Iaily ..leans, Kort Coii^jer, 226, 227.
hourly means. Fort Conger, 228.
decade means, I-'ort Conger and Discovery I!.-iy, 229.
annual mean. Fort Conger and .Arctic .\mcrica, 230, 23I.
annual llucluation, Fort Conger and Arctic America, 231-333,
chart 9.
mean, monthly, daily, and absolute ranges, Fort Conger, 232, 233.
diurnal ampl-!-.'.^, I'uri Longer anU Af^iii. stations, 233, 234, chart
10.
diurnal lluctuation, Fort Conger, 234-236, chart ■!.
rajiid lUictuations, 236,237,
number of hours of freezing, and zero, at Fort Conger, 238.
connection with cloudiness, 367, chart 14.
sea, 379-3''''5. 40'-407.
observations, 401.
observations from St. John's to Fort Conger, 402-403.
observations in Kennedy Channel and Kane Sea, 410, 411.
observations at Camp Clay, 426-432.
daily mean in Kennedy Channel, Kane Sea, and at Camp Cl.ay, 438.
Term-day obscrv.ations of declination at Fort Conger, July i, 1882, to
August 1, 1883, 561-574, 635, plates i-iv.
Term-days, 481.
Term hour observations of declination at Fort Conger, July i, 1882, to
August I, 1883,561-574, 635, plates i-iv.
observ.ations, special, during auroral displays or great disturbances,
581-C85.
Tern, arctic, 22, 23.
Terebellidie, 49, 51.
Terrestrial magnetism, report on the record of magnetic observations at
Lady I'ranklin l!ay, 1881-84, by C. A. Schott, 475-635.
See, also, Magnetism.
TetraploJon mnioides, 16.
urceolatus, 17.
Theodolite magnetometer, deflections with, and partial reduction, 590-597.
Thermometers, 174, 175.
maximum black-bulb, 371.
diiily excess of, 374.
minimum radiation, 375, 378.
glacial, 379.
sea, 379.
solar, extremes and means of, i875-*76, i88l-'83, 376.
terrestrial, nionllily extremes and means of, 378.
solar and terrestrial, daily readings, September 8, iSSi, to July 3I,
iii«3. 372,373■
7(V7/v/ conifera, 43.
Tidal observations, record from Frrt Conger to Camp Clay, 412-414.
!l
li
738
illDEX.
Tides, rc|iori liy A. S. Christie, 6i7-7o<x
rccdfil 111 ol.Mrvaii.ms, dj;, (141-672, 61)4-696.
sl.ilions, j^m^r.iplui.il |him(I(iii, 0(7, (>c)4 (mjo.
eledrk'.il .self ri-curiliii^; t;.iiit;c of Lioulciiaiit Cirecly, 6(7.
tide causes anil iiu'lhods uf oliservaliur. 3j7,6.(8, fM)4,6<)5; cuts.
liciu'h marks, liius of levols, homogeneity of icrici, 6j7-(>40.
luiiiliilal iiitirtals ami hei^hls, dsi-dSj.
leminiciiMial iiif.|ualily in intervals and heiKhls, 674-682, 7cx),
plale ii, tins, 2, 3.
parallactic clTcct U|xin, 677-679.
declin.ilion I'tToct ii|>on, 67c)-6S2.
diurii.il iiR|u,iliiy in times and heights, 682-693, 7cx), plates i,ii,
half tide level, 651-672,674.
elVect of variations of atmospheric pressure upon, 692, 69 ^
rcsi.lls of harmonic analysis of one year's observations, fMj6, 697.
mean sea le\el, 6<)7.
i)rij;iii of lilies jn lady Franklin Hay, 697-700, chart.
approMmale coiidal lines, 700, chart.
Time, Washington used except in m.ignetics. 481.
oliserNalioiis for, hy Sergeant Israel, 4X1-486,490-491.
and longiluile. olisenations for, at I'ort Conger, 4112-504.
com|iiilalion "^rom transit observations, iSSi-'iii, 720-724, chart.
Timmiti iiuiliiiint, 17.
Torsion, 4S1
Tortulii iiiihhlrf'/iilii, 17,
Itucossoma, 17.
rutaUf, 17.
Total intensity, 628.
Tracliomediis.i', 43.
Transit, I'eriy ^Coast Survey, No. tl), 481, 482.
observations and computations of time from, 720-724, chart.
Triihet hus tcsmiirm, 8, 9.
7'rit /lotrc/is /oi-fnHs, 58.
Tringa cami/ii , 2^, 2^.
tvariliniii, 25.
Trisetiim suh'finttum, 15.
Trill ofis am!, itltt, 50,52.
Trout caught in l.ake Alcxamlra, near Fort Conger, 55, plate.
Tunicata, 50.
Turnstone, 25, 26.
U. S. Coast and Cicodetic Survey, magnetic, tidal, and pendulum reduc-
tions by, 477, 637, 701.
co-operalioii with Sij^nal Service in furnishing instruments and in-
structing observers, 479, 480, 70I,
Uria grylle, 20.
truiU (or hmvia), 21.
IMnator lumme, 20.
t'n'nafnr ,i,i,tiinii, j8.
( > (« I nhinlimu 1,1,2,
Van Ken.sselaer llarUir, annual decrease of west declination at, 631.
Vasey, t;., I)r., JHiianical specinu'n.i identihcd by, II,
Veget.\tion at " Karlhi-st North," 18.
Vermed, 48, 4i(, 5 ). plate.s ii, iii.
Vertical intensity, (128.
t'l-ti. ,111,1 ,ir,ti,ii, 12.
I'lifi,! hyf'frhoffii, 1 7.
I'ul/'fi Ij^ifiis, 2.
hi;i>f,us /ulii;iiiouis, 2, 3,
Walru.s, 8,9.
U.ishiiigtiPii mean time used except in mngnctics, 481.
Walson, S , iMil.iiilcal specimens idenlilieil by, II.
Wciither, observations Ironi St. John's lo I'ort ( onger, 404,405,
record rroiii lorl Conger to Camp Clay. 412,421.
record at Camp Clay, 4,l.?-436.
charts, sinndlaneous, March 8, 9, 1883, 317, charts 15, 16.
H'lhtiii III umiiiiilii, 16.
ifUilil, 16.
/oni;i,,<!l,i, 16.
spitti^niip/ii, 16.
Whale, right or common, 9.
white, 9.
Wheat ear, 27, 28.
Wind, list of charts and l,ibles, 92, 93.
rei>ort, 257-314.
hourly direction and velocity, August, iS.Si.to July, 1S83, 25S-305
method and place of observations, joO.
comparative velocities, 307.
high winds, 308.
monthly freipiency and velocity, 309.
record of various velocities, 310.
monthly ami hourly resullanis, 312-314.
annual and diurnal tluctualioii of direction, 314, charts 12, 13.
observalicuis from St. John's to lorl Conger, 404, 4115.
record from Kort Conger to Camp Clay, 412-421.
record at Camp Clay, 433-436.
comparative anemoineter readings at Dutch Ulaml and Fort Con-
ger, 439,440.
Wind vane, 306.
Wohlgemuth, K. von, Ca|itain, cited, 20, 168.
Wolf, 3.
WfKMlniff, T. M., Lieutenant, citeil on movements of cold waves, 158.
Xema suhinii, 22.
Ziwet, A., reduction of magnetic uUervations by, 477,511.
lination at, 6jl.
I.
•r, 404,405.
421
charts 15, 16.
o July, 1883,258-305.
314, charts 12, 13.
, 404, 405.
1-42 1.
Island and Fort Con-
of colli waves, 158.
.477.5««'
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