How to examine apiaries and cure them of foul brood [microform]

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MiaOCOPV RiSOlUTION TBT CHART

(ANSI and (SO TEST CHART No 2)

A ^IPPLIED IN/HGE

1653 Eost Mam Street

Rochester. New York U609 USA

(716) 482 - 0300 - Phone

(716) 288-5989 ^ Fo-

BULLETIN (Special).

Toronto. July, 1903.

^^J^^^^^^^ AGRICULTUKE.

BvWM.McEvov.WcxoBOKAP.H.,Woo.auHx
colonytliK^^^^^^^^ to hive and ,ive each

the bees for a time from co,n"n' fro^ .u^'' '''^"- ^his will check
when you have a hive open aT/aree^-a''^ •'' 't^''''' *« bother you
take out a comb to exaniine it r nrn ^-^*'»'"'"g the comba When von
£!.'°"^°"««'«°^'«'a tVletrsC'v"'*^ to the sun and hd
bottom of the cells, and there )nnl?f*u'''1'' "" ^^^ '"^er siJe an
foul matter that dueditselflJr^'' ^}^ ^^'"'^ «c^les left fromthl

use a pin and lift a little of the mat^^l \ v ^^*"'=« *han to have to
pin to see if it will stretch thi4fou,7h*/^ ^*="" ^y ^^e head of a
other kinds often have oin [.'"'.f *°"' ^^.s of an inch. Dead hroJ M
^mbs will be found with «c£ Z^fl"^""' **-' ^f^^Hl cells in th^ame

h^e keeper should learn J MUl^^ot^^^^^^ thi.s reason every

other, because we often ««,! K^^k i '^^^ ^^ ^'twl brood from tui

-lony with very iSfo^ t^^Tk:' '''' ^^^^^^ 'hT at
keeper did not notice ; and afteTtestin. fh "^T 1°.™^' *^«t the bee
i"K any to stretch he felt sure that tS J^' ^*^^'' '^'"^'«. «nd not find!
froT'r^ '" ti'ne it wouldl'et wot Vnd^^^^ was ,.ot diseased when
from other colonies, and then fL r ' ^ ^^^ robhed out bv the hpPA
^^e apiary I have often bTencaltdTcr '^P^^' '^^ th-ugh

mg sure that their colonies had fn„i k T^ ^^ °"<=^ by parties fetj
sometimes found that it snot n^°°^- «"d when I got there I
den loss of the most of tl ol J bees anT' T''J *°"»d a very sSd-
decaymg This was the lesult of sUe f "'.r^ ^" 'Y ^'^^ ^ea^d and
trees while in full bloom und thp ll i '^ P*"f*'« spraying fruit
caused the sudden loss of neariv all hitnU^fP'''' """^ ^no^ving" what
decaying brood, felt sure thrtKloniesl r^^ and finding si much
-e way for .hose people that ^^^^^ fe^, tl^^'^ J^ -Jj

V)>it the lu-a<l o\- a pin int.. tl.r matter i.i th.' celU an.l litt it out, iin.l
}f it s(.vtch.-H tlu'v can .U-prn-l on it that it i> foul l.iooil: l.ut, as 1
have ofton sai.l, the most important thin;; to h-arn is to know tlie
stain marlv ol foul hroo.l, and thi-n it n.'xvr will mak.' much headway
in anv a.jiarv or oaus.- much loss, In-causi' tlu- »«•« kr.iM-r w..uM snot
tlR. .I'lsraso at a -lane aiul h.-a-l it otV at one, Honry to h,M..,m.Mli8-
t.a>o.l must first !..• ston-.l in ells wh.Mv foul hroo.l nuttt-r has be.-n
«h-ie.l .l..\vn, an.l it is tlu' Ih'hs f.M-.lin.^ th-ir larva, from th.- hom-v
sl..re.l in tU.sr .lis,.a.s.<.l colls that siava Is foul l.ro...l. M.uv broo.l
<li.'s of foul hro.Ml at th." aj,'PH of six. seven, eij,'ht an.l nino .lays than

at any .)tlier a^c. ,. , . . i • „ i

tlu. .liHcas." is si.iva.l hy hoos rolihinu' toul hro<..ly colonK's, an.
thoy carry the. list.as.-ju-t in ].n.poM ion to th.' amount of .lisi-ase.l
honov thi'V onvov t.> their o«n hives. ,. . ., *

Ev.-rv dis,-as,'.l ai.iarv shouM >.• tn-at.-.l act-.r.hn« to the .-xact
con.liti..n"in which it is l.mn.l, so as t.. not only .Inve out the .liseaso,
butt.,, mak.- cnsi.lerahl.. incr.ase in clonics, ami .-n-i hy havuij;
every col..nv in first class c.)n.liti..n. In th.' h..n."y s.^amm when the
hoes an. L'atherin^r fn^-lv. is the ..nlv saf<. time to mak.' increase in a
.lisoascl ai.iary, ami I nmke this im-reas.- hy tL-rmii up tw.. hives tuU
of the hcHt hron.l with about a .piart of Ix-es until th.- most ot the
bro.).l is hatch.MJ. r.y that tine. 1 will hav.- a very larcr.- sw,trm ot
v.mn"- hees iust in the prime ..f lit", and wh.-n the.e bees are all shak-
en ii(t.. a sin-le hiv,. ami treaf.l I will haven hr.st class c.l.my
ma.le out .)f them In every apiary that I had treat .1 m the hon.-y
season I always ha.l incr.;ase ma.le hy having the best hr..od tiercl up
with about a "-luart of bees, nn.l left until most .)t the b...od was
hatched, and th.-n ha.l these hees treatc.l just the sume as the old bees
that 1 shook otl the brood ami treated tirst.

HOW TO CIKK THE AIMAUIES OF Kofi, r.HO.

In the honey season wh.-n the bees are jjathering ii . rfinore
thr romhs !v th/rrrning ami shake the b.-es into their own hives :
..•ivethem fram.-s with comb foun.lati-.n starters ..n an.l let then,
build c.mh for four .lavs. The beet will make tlu- stirters into comb
durin.. the f.air days, an.l store the .lis..as...l honey m th.-ni which
thev t';,ok with them from the ol.l comb. Then i,- the ^'remv., o) the
fourth ,h,,L tak.' out the new combs and -ive thein comb toumlation
to work out, an.l then the cure will ho comph^t.-. By this metho.i of
treatment all the .liseased honey is removed from the b..es betore the
full sheet of foun.lation is worked out. Where you hn.l a large -luan-
tity of nice brood with only a few cells of foul brood in the most ot
voir coloni.-s, an.l have shaken the bees otf tor treatment, hll two
hives full with these combs of brood, and then place one hive of brood
on the other, an.l shade this tiered up bioo.l from the sun until tlie

a

)0

inostcj It IS lmtplu>.l. Tin, n, ih, ,nni„;, slmkr tlus.. Im.s ii.t,. u
sin;,'!.' hiv.' t.h'l til. 11 uivf tlii'iii tVaiius with coinl. foiiii.latiuti sinit.-is
oil lui.l l.'t tli.in buil'l c-oml. i\y. f.Mir -lays 'II,,.,,, ;,< //„. ,■,;■„;„,/ „f

th- t-»ll-tli >1<I'I, tllk.' out flu- lU'W COlllh ;ini| yiv.. tli.lil fOll-l. lolllhliltioil

to w.jrk out to coiiipl.t.' th.. puiv. Aft.T th.- }.roo.l U liatcli.,! ..iit of
the ol.l coiiil)s tlu'v iimst !»> iiia<i<> into wax or laini<M|, ari'l all llir ii.-w
C0111I.S imidr (Hit of til.' start.js .jminir tlii' four -lays umst ';,« lairii.-.l
«»r ina-l.' int.. was, oil account oF tin- flis.-as.'d liunt-v tliat wmiM 1
Ntorcfj ill tliciii.

\\ luTt' thr iliscas.-.j poldtiicH an- wi-ak in hecs, put tln' liocs dI' two,
three or I" Mir to;;rtli.'r, so as to u:''t a tiood-sizcl swnrm to start tlie
cinv witli. as it does not pay to spen. I time fiissin-,' with little weak
colonies. All th." ciirin;j or treatiii;; of diseased colonii-s should !>«
d;)ne in the evening;, so as not to hav.' any roMiiiiy; done or cause any
ot tile bees fnaii the diseased colonies to mix and ;,'o in with the l.ees
ol sound eolraiies, \',y ihnwy all the work in the eveiiim,' it j,dves the
)»ee8 a chance to settle down very nicely I.efore mornini,', and then
there is no confusion or troul>le. When the hees are not ^mtherin"
honey, any apiary can he cured of foul l.rood l.y reiiiovinLf the dis"!
eased coiuhs in the evenin<;s and ^'ivinj; the hec's frames with Cijiiib
foundution starters on. Then. aNo in the evenini,'s feed the Lees
plenty of siijrar syrup, and they will draw out the foundation and
store llie diseased honey vhirh they took wiia them from th" old
combs. In the fourtli eveninj,' remove the new cdndis made out of
the starters, and j^ive the liees fidl sheets of comb found ition. and
feed plenty of suijar syrup eacii evening; initil every colony is in Hrst
class (ji-der every way. Make the syrup out of «,'ra*nulated siirjar. ami
put one pound of water to every two pounds of sut,'ar, ami then brinj;
it to a boil.

Where you Knd the disease in a few yood colonie:, after all honey
gathenni,' is over, do not tinker or fuss with these in any way just
then, but carefully leave them alone until an eveninj; in Ortohfr.'-.mi]
then jj;o to the diseased colonies and take evtiiy comb out of these col-
onies and put six combs of all sealed or capped stores in their place,
taken from sound colonies, and on each side of these all-capped combs
place a divi.sion board This will put these colonies in first class order
for winter with little or no bother at all, and the disease crowded
clean out at the same time. Hit some may say that the di.sease can-
not be driven out .so simply in the fall by'takinj,' away the disea.sed
combs and giviiii; the bees six combs that r.re capped all over rii;ht
down to the bottom of the frames. It can and does cure every time
when properly done, and if you will stop to think you will see quite
plainly that the bees must keep the diseased honey they took out of
the old combs until thej- consume it. as they cannot find any place in
all-capped combs to put it, and that will end the tlisease at onoe. Many
bee-keepers will no doubt say that this fall method of treatment

will no*; work \n their apiaries at »11, bec*u»e thty wouM not have
enough of the ail-cappe \ coiiib« to wpare from the Hound tolonie*. even
if they could tind nonte all-Healed. Very true ; but you cnn very uatily
H(>rnr<> abundance of all-capped coinba by patting miller feeders on
your Rounfi colonies in the eveningti in September, and feeding the»e
colonien all the sugar syrup yoii can get them to take : and then in
O -tober each oJ theee fed colonies can jare the two outside com>«,
which will be nicely capped all over right down to the bottom of the
framea, and with these all capped conib^ vou will be provided with
plenty of ({ood stores to carry out my fall methcKl of treatment. I
tinished the curing of my own apiary in the fall of 187S by this
sealed comb treatment, when I hatl foul brood in my own apiary. All
of my methods of treatment are of my own working out, and none of
them ever fail when properly carried out.

Empty hives that had foul brood in do not need any disinfecting

in any way.

In treating diseaited colonies never starve any bees, because it
unfits the bees for businecs and makes them thin, lean and poor, and
is lao hard on the (lueens. I never starved any bees, but always tried
to see how fat I could make them while treating them by fee.ling
plenty of sugar syrup when the bt'es wore not gathering honey.

If you have nice, white coirbs that are clean and dry and that
never had *ny brood in them do not dcHtroN' one of these, as they are
perfectly safe to use on any colony of bees just as they are. and are
very valuable to any bee-keeper. I have always saved this class of
combs for every bee-keeper. I once got a liee-keeper in the State of
Vermont to save over two thousand niie white combs, when he wrote
to me for advice, and the saving of this class of conies must have been
worth fully three hundred dollars to him. But I have always advised
bee-keepers to convert into wax all old con that ever had one cell
of foul orood in them, and the only article th».i will take all the wax
out of the old combs is a good wax press ; and as these will pay for
themselv38 many times over their cost, I urge the bee- keepers every-
where to buy one Every bee- keeper should also obtain the "ABC
of Bee Culture," published by the A. I. Root Company, of Medina,
Ohio. It is a very valuable book of near./ 500 pages with every-
thing right up to date.

Note : Any bee-keeper desiring to know whether his bees are
affected with foul l-rood may send by mail a sample of the diseased
comb. end.. sed in a pasteboard box, to William McEvoy, Woodburn
Ont. Please see that the sample is free from honey so that other
mail matter will not be injured.