The cause of world unrest;

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Cause of world unrest;

3 1924 028 683 369

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THE CAUSE OF
WORLD UNREST

With an Introduction by

THE EDITOR OF

"THE MORNING POST"

(OF LONDON)

G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS
NEW YORK AND LONDON

tlbe iRnicfterbocfter ipress
1920

Copyright, 1920,

BY

G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS

PUBLISHERS' NOTE

On the ground of its intrinsic historic importance,
and of the widespread interest it has attracted on
the other side of the Atlantic, there seems to be
good warrant for the publication of an American
edition of The Cause of the World's Unrest.

The American pubUshers desire to make clear,
however, that they do not accept responsibility
for the soundness of the conclusions presented in
this volume. They have issued the book because
of their belief that the American reading public
should be afforded an opporttmity of examining
the material.

It is the contention of the author that certain of
the plans for domination outlined in the documents
upon which his volume is based have apparently
been followed in the recent movements in Russia.

The publishers desire to point out, what the
author of the volume has himself emphasized, that,
while the statements presented do reflect upon the
purpose and the actions of certain groups of Jews,

PREFACE TO AMERICAN EDITION

There have been innumerable occasions when
the loyalty of a new citizen to his new State
has been admirable: on the other hand, both
here and in America, we have found that race
instincts have been stronger than oaths of
allegiance.

But in the case of the Jews, we find a people
which has preserved both its religious and its
racial ideals intact through many generations of
cruel persecution. A race which has persisted in
spite of such terrific pressure, constantly applied
and often without mercy or justice, must be ac-
knowledged to be a great and virile nationality in
the mere fact of its persistence. But when we
consider that this race has not merely persisted,
but has achieved enormous power and influence in
every civilized country, our admiration is easily
aroused. Yet there is another side to the pic-
ture. How are you to regard these strangers
in your midst? Are they Americans, Jewish
Americans, or American Jews? The answer
to this question is the solution of the Jewish
problem.

Jews will, however, reply with assurance that
they are not a race but a religion and that to differ-
entiate between them and other religious bodies

PREFACE TO AMERICAN EDITION

is sheer prejudice and bald Anti-Semitism. In some
cases this claim is justified. There are in England
Jewish families which have lived here for centuries
and their devotion to their country is beyond
question. It is necessary to distinguish, therefore,
between those Jews who have definitely adopted a
single nationality and those to whom the Jewish
nationality is the only one that counts. How is
one to distinguish? There again lies another
great problem in this greater problem of Jewry in
the world. Roughly speaking, the only way to
mark out a line which would separate the good
Jewish citizen from the bad Jewish citizen is to
apply the political test. As a rule, though it is not
without exceptions, a Jew who is politically active
in a country is also racially active. But there are,
of course, many Jews who are indifferent to the
politics of the country in which they live and yet
are ardent Jewish nationalists. In a word, be-
cause the Jews can and do possess a dual nation-
ality, they must remain suspect from the point of
view of the man who acknowledges exclusive
allegiance to a single country. This suspicion,
which seems to me to be natural and by no
means exaggerated, goes by the name of Anti-
Semitism.

PREFACE TO AMERICAN EDITION

Are the great mass of Jews working towards a
definite goal or are they mere ordinary citizens
against whom envy, suspicion, and long-dated
religious animosity have provoked an unfair
prejudice? The answer to this question will be
found i!n this book. Lately there has been pub-
lished both in America and England a translation
of a work entitled "The Protocols of the Elders
of Zion." It is difficult to say whether or not it
is a genuine document. I am quite sure that, if it
had been published in these cotmtries ten years
ago, it would have been received with incredulity
and, perhaps, contempt. But today, after our
experience of the War, the Peace Conference, and
the doings of the Jews in Russia, it has received
everywhere a great deal of earnest study and con-
sideration. Many of its prophecies are being
fulfilled before our eyes and, because of this, we
are justified in giving to it a greater credence than
could have been possible ten years ago. Jewish
writers and newspapers have denied with indigna/-
tion the authenticity of the protocols. But even
if indisputable proof were adduced tomorrow that
they are a forgery, there would still be asked the
same question which the protocols have provoked
and are provoking every day. Have the Jews

PREFACE TO AMERICAN EDITION

a foreign policy of their own with a definite end
in view?

It would be difficult to deny to that section of
Jewry which is best described as political, a defin-
ite national policy. There is nothing inherently
wrong or improper in this. All that we Gentiles
ask is that acknowledgment should be made that
such is the case. When that is made clear, we
can then judge whether or not such policy is to
our advantage and we can act accordingly. Yet
many Jews attempt to deny that they have any
political ambitions apart from the interests of the
country in which they live. This denial can carry
no weight, as the reader will acknowledge after
reading these pages. And it becomes incumbent
upon us therefore to study the nature and scope
of this Jewish policy in order to see how far it is
compatible with our own national policies. This
book is an attempt to give an outline of the po-
litical aims and objectives of political Jewry. But
a word of warning is necessary. Political Jewry
does not comprise all Jewry. There are many
Jewish citizens both in America and here who
differ from the rest of us only in their religion. A
blind Anti-Semitism directed against all Jews is
both bad policy and an act of injustice to Jewry.

PREFACE TO AMERICAN EDITION

But while we must be just, we must also be firm
in our determination not to allow a duality of
national policy in one and the same citizen.

H. A. GWYNNE,

Editor The Morning Post,
London.
September, 1920.

INTRODUCTION

Those who have studied their history must at
times have been astonished at the ease with which
popular movements, honest and sincere in them-
selves, have been manipulated by clever and
unscrupulous men to their own personal advantage
or to further their own political aspirations. The
people have throughout the ages presented a
pathetic spectacle. Time and again they have
been used with most barefaced effrontery as a
means of producing results which they them-
selves never desired. Indeed, in many cases,
they have suffered terribly from their own achieve-
ments. Nothing is more pitiful than the persistent
betrayal of the people by their leaders and nothing
more splendid than the people's refusal to believe
it. In earlier history popular movements were
difficult to create and direct unless they were
purely local. Kings, princes, governors stood
between the masses and their exploiters. Dis-
tances, too, were great in the days before railways,

vi INTRODUCTION

and commtinication was difficult. But, roughly-
speaking, the people were prevented by established
authority from being victimized. Today all that
is changed, and we now live in an age which will be
known, perhaps, in history as the age of the ex-
ploitation of the people.

This exploitation of the people has in later
years become something of a fine art. The party
machine, which was at first merely the instrument
by which a party tried to impress its views on the
electors, has in many cases taken charge of the
party, so that this machine and not its leaders
decides what shall or what shall not form part of
the programme. Battle cries, "slogans, " phrases,
and catchwords, deliberately framed so that they
should conceal the truth or create a false impression
have now become part of nearly every political
campaign. Do our politicians ever ponder over
this surprising fact, that the greatest response to a
semi-political appeal that England has ever seen
took place in 19 14-15, when the call was to go out
to death? And they have so Httle knowledge of
the people they govern that they are surprised
when the most tempting of battle cries, telling the
people how much they can have for the mere ask-
ing, remain without result. The explanation of

INTRODUCTION vii

this is simple enough and yet it is far too high for
the understanding of the mere politician. It con-
sists in this truth, that the people of this country-
can only be really roused by an appeal to their
better nature. That is the strength of England.

We are seeing today how the exploitation of
the people can be achieved with comparative ease
because the people throughout the civilized world
is enfranchised and there is no one to stand be-
tween the exploiters and the exploited. If we look
back in history, we shall find that the disappear-
ance of this intermediate influence has not been
altogether fortuitous. There have been kings
who exploited their people just as Lenin is today
exploiting the Russian people, but they have
mostly paid forfeit with their thrones, as Lenin one
day will pay forfeit with his life. But the tempta-
tion to get at the people and to use them for ends
to which they are indifferent and of which they are
ignorant has been great. The pages of this book
will trace the threads of a conspiracy engineered
by people whose main object has been to destroy
utterly anything — kings, governments, or institu-
tions—which might stand between them and the
people they would exploit.

Many who read the story of this subterranean

viii INTRODUCTION

scheming as it is unfolded in this book may perhaps
be disinclined to admit the correctness of the
author's statements because of the startling con-
clusions to which they lead up. But I would urge
the reader to cast aside all prejudices and to judge
the facts brought out on their merits as facts and
to suggest, if he can, other conclusions. The main
outline of the contents of this book is, in brief,
that there has been for centuries a hidden con-
spiracy, chiefly Jewish, whose objects have been
and are to produce revolution, communism, and
anarchy, by means of which they hope to arrive at
the hegemony of the world by establishing some
sort of despotic rule.

The "Protocols of the Elders of Zion, " an edi-
tion of which has been published in England, have
aroused tremendous interest and a storm of protest.
It will be noticed by the reader that the editors
of the volume have taken particular care not to
assume the authenticity of these protocols. They
may or may not be genuine. Their present im-
portance lies in the fact that, while the book which
contains them was published in 1905, the Jewish
Bolsheviks are today carrying out almost to the
letter the programme outlined in the protocols.

I have said that this secret revolutionary move-

INTRODUCTION ix

merit seems to have been engineered chiefly by
Jews. It is about time that somebody spoke out
frankly on this subject. I myself have several
Jew friends. One of them I shall always remember
with gratitude, for he would give me no peace in
the years before the war until he had convinced me
of the German danger. At his own expense he
despatched a man to visit the various dockyards
of Germany and the information thus obtained
was found extremely useful. Now this man is as
good a patriot as I am, but I say that there are
certain bad Jews who have conspired and are con-
spiring against stable government ; I point out that
over 80 per cent, of the present Bolshevik Govern-
ment are Jews, and that the Bolshevik movement
outside Russia is chiefly directed by Jews.

If I cast doubt upon the political integrity of
any Jew, or even if I disagree with his policy, I am
dubbed an anti-Semite. This is not just. I accuse
the Jews themselves of creating anti-Semitism and
I will proceed to give my reasons.

The Jews are justly proud of their race, which,
in spite of every sort of difiiculty, has not only
persisted throughout the ages, but has achieved a
position of great power and influence in nearly
every civilized country. Persecution and outside

X INTRODUCTION

pressure have taught them to stand together, and
the tradition of unity is as strong, if not stronger,
today. They may quarrel among themselves, but
they unite instantly and almost unconsciously
against any criticism from outside. The result is
that a critic of a prominent individual Jew or of a
particular Jewish policy, who begins with no sort
of prejudice against Jewry, finds arrayed against
him the serried and united ranks of Jewry. It is no
use his declaring that his objections are not to
Jewry, but to a particular Jew or a particular
Jewish policy. He is dubbed an anti-Semite, with
a consequence that he has to accept the epithet
and, in some cases, on the principle of the dog with
the bad name, promptly proceeds to justify it.

I will give a concrete instance of this. A few
months ago, as a result of the Peace Conference,
Great Britain accepted a mandate for Palestine,
and, true to her word, proceeded to carry out her
promise to provide a home for Jews in that country.
At the present moment the population of Palestine
consists of 80 per cent. Arabs and 20 per cent.
Christians, Jews, and other religions. The Arabs
are in a highly excited state of mind, because they
know of the intention of the British Government
to afford Jews a home in Palestine. Naturally they

INTRODUCTION xi

are asking each other what is to become of them
if the Jews come into their country in great num-
bers. They are not ignorant of the fact that there
has been started a great Jewish fund of £25,000,000
to aid the immigration of Jews into their country.
The situation is a highly dehcate one. On the
one hand is the declared British policy, on the
other the Arab inhabitants, fearful about their
fate. To deal with such a critical state of things
tact and, above all, impartiality was required.
The British Government for some extraordinary
reason appointed Sir Herbert Samuel, a Jew, to be
High Commissioner for Palestine. In the opinion
of the Morning Post it was a dangerous and an
improper appointment. Were Sir Herbert Samuel
the greatest of men and a very Solomon for wisdom,
the appointment would still be a gross mistake,
for even the loftiest motives and the most impar-
tial application of justice were bound to be mis-
understood. I have never yet met in private
conversation a Jew or a Christian who defended
the appointment. Yet when the Morning Post
protested against it, the Jewish papers came out
with bitter attacks, and with the usual accusations
of anti-Semitism. Cannot the good Jews see that
this is a mistaken policy? It creates, as I said

xii INTRODUCTION

before, anti-Semitism. The objection to Sir
Herbert Samuel's appointment was justified on
every count. If the British Government had
proposed Sir Edward Carson as Viceroy of Ireland,
that step would be exactly on all fours with the
choice of a Jew as High Commissioner of Palestine.
Surely criticism of such an obviously unwise de-
cision might have passed without arousing the
stupid cry of anti-Semitism.

The question which every reader of this book
will want to have answered is whether there is a
Jewish Peril and, if so, what are its ramifications.
That there is a Jewish Peril I have no sort of
doubt, but we must guard ourselves against gen-
eralizations. It is easy to prove that a certain
section of the Jews in the world are engaged in a
mighty attempt to destroy the established rule in
many countries and to bring this world into com-
munistic brotherhood. The thing is taking place
before our eyes. But it would be downright
wicked to ascribe to Jewry as a whole this mad
and dangerous policy. In that direction Hes the
danger, the hideous danger of a violent and indis-
criminate anti-Semitism. It must be averted by
the Jews themselves. The honest, patriotic Jews
must come forward and denounce and no longer

INTRODUCTION xiii

defend the revolutionaries of their race. They
should refuse to approve of any policy which tends
to undermine the pillars of civiHzed society, for
the time has come when there can be no sitting on
the fence; those who are not with us are against us.
The pages of this book will tell the tale of this
conspiracy against civilization — for that is really
what it amounts to. Perhaps I may be excused
if I give a brief summary of the circumstances and
the deductions irresistibly proceeding from them
which brought one to the conclusion that the causes
of the present world's unrest were not fortuitous
but the result of a definite plan. When the war
broke out, it seemed, and I believe it was, a simple,
plain, straightforward struggle between a people
whose pride in their warlike achievements had
forced them along the direction of a world he-
gemony and the countries who refused to accept it.
During the war it was impossible to shut one's
eyes to the fact that a certain section of the Jews
did not desire to see Germany vanquished. The
"peace without victory" suggestion had many
supporters in international circles where Jews had
influence. Again, I must warn the reader that he
must not accept this statement as a suggestion
that Jewry throughout the war was pro-German.

xiv INTRODUCTION

But it is true that there was observable in certain
Jewish circles a tenderness for Germany which we
could not understand. Then came the Peace
Conference in Paris, where this tenderness for
Germany became more and more marked. The
theory which prevailed at the Armistice that Ger-
many had offended against humanity and there-
fore had to be punished, just as a man is hanged
for murder, was displaced gradually by sugges-
tions that leniency was the best policy. All that
the ordinary man could make of it aE was that
Germany was getting off remarkably Ughtly.

Later on at the Conference we come to a phase
in the proceeding where it is possible to say that
Jewish influence did materially affect the pohcy
of the Allies. I refer to Poland, and I do not make
this assertion at random, but I base it on the
speeches and statements of Jews themselves or
Jewish newspapers.

The policy of the Allied and Associated Powers
was avowedly the creation of a strong Poland. No
country can be strong in these days of commerce
and industry unless it has an outlet on the sea
Therefore, it was obvious from the first that Dant-
zig must be part of the newly constituted Poland.
Again, no country can hope to remain strong unless

INTRODUCTION xv

it has full powers of government over all its in-
habitants within its boundaries. From the very
outset it was obvious that there was going to be a
desperate struggle in Paris to defeat all attempts
to create a strong Poland. The Jews openly threw
their influence on the anti-Polish side. The Jewish
Delegation sat throughout the Conference and
strained every nerve to deny Dantzig to the Poles
and to create special privileges for the Jews in
Poland. In this matter Jewish policy was in op-
position to British policy. Our Foreign Office,
which has been subjected to a most deliberate and
subtle campaign of calumny, declared in Paris
that Dantzig was the test of our policy, and that a
free and strong Polish Government was essential
in British interests. Here our interests and Jewish
interests were at variance. We are entitled to ask
what was the attitude of British Jews at this crisis.
Were they British first and Jews afterwards, or
Jews first — British afterwards? Is it a mere
accident that at the moment I write the whole
force of Bolshevism in this country is being or-
ganized to force our Government to allow Russia
to occupy Warsaw?

All this time the Jewish Junta in Russia was
working with feverish activity to extend its loath-

xvi INTRODUCTION

some propaganda in other countries. With the
Armistice came two Bolshevist attempts in our
country. Glasgow and Belfast tried to put into
practice here the theories of Bolshevism. These
attempts were dead failures, and it was obvious
that Sovietism would not be carried by a coup de
main in this country. So our enemies and the
enemies of civilization, the Jew Bolsheviks, de-
termined upon another plan. There was nothing
secret in this. The substitution of a slower system
of undermining civilization in this country was an-
nounced from the housetops, so to speak. Here
are the Jew-Bolsheviks' orders to their sym-
pathizers in this country :

"If such elements (Bolsheviks and Spar-
tacists) increase in numbers and strength,
everything may get changed. At first it is
necessary: (i) The centre of gravity of the
struggle must be outside of Parliaments (strikes,
revolts, insurrections, etc.); (2) the struggle
inside the Parliaments must be closely connected
with the struggle outside; (3) the representa-
tives must take part in general organization
work; (4) the representatives must act by
directions of the Central Committee and be
responsible to it ; (5) they must not conform to
the Parliamentary manners and customs.

INTRODUCTION xvii

"We have to state again that the most vital
part of the struggle must be outside of Parlia-
ment — on the street. It is clear that the most
effective weapons of the workers against Capital-
ism are : The strike, the revolt, armed insurrec-
tion. Comrades have to keep in mind the follow-
ing: Organization of the Party, instalment of
the Party groups in the Trade Unions, leader-
ship of the masses, etc. Parliamentary activities
and participation in elections must be used only
as a secondary measure — no more." {Call,
April 22, 1920.)

It required no very intelligent reading of events
to guess at such a plot without this clear and
precise declaration of policy. The disastrous re-
sults were quite plain and obvious, and a definite
plan was revealed to the most careless of observers.
From the day of the Armistice until today not a
single week has passed without a strike. Industry
is thoroughly unsettled and the future is dark
indeed. The aim of these wreckers is to produce
by the next winter such general unemployment as
to ensure a discontented population on which to
work. It is a diabolical plan, but, from their point
of view, it is by no means a difficult one to achieve.
The exploitation of the people has been brought to
a fine art. Every one of these men is an advocate

xviii INTRODUCTION

of despotic government, but they work under the
flag of extreme democracy, anarchy, or commun-
ism. Posing as the friends of the working classes,
they impose upon them with an ease which is
disturbing. The British working man is one of
the most loyal creatures alive, and perhaps the
most credulous. He will give generous support
to those who can persuade him that they are
concerned only for his welfare. He gets daily
and weekly evidence of the success of their en-
deavours. Wages are increased, and with each
increase the working man rubs his hands with
satisfaction, and blesses the people who have
wrung it out of the hated capitalist. He does
not see that, without increased production, in-
creased wages will kill the industry from which
he draws his wages. The Jew-Bolshevik policy
is to kill that industry, so that unemployment,
want, and discontent will ensue. Read the
old revolutionary maxim, on which they act
today:

"Want and opinion are the two agents which
make all men act. Cause the want, govern
opinions, and you will overturn all the existing
systems, however well constituted they may
appear."

INTRODUCTION xix

Let us see to it that here in this country they
shall not have success. Yet we shall do well to
bear in mind Karl Marx's declaration of poHcy in
regard to this country, as quoted by Mrs. Webster.
In 1870 he sent the following message to the In-
ternationale at Geneva:

1. England is the only country in which a real
Socialistic revolution can he made.

2. The English people cannot make this revo-
lution.

3. Foreigners must make it for them.

4. The foreign members, therefore, must retain
their seats at the London board.

5. The point to strike at first is Ireland, and in
Ireland they are ready to begin their work.

Ten years ago this would have been regarded
as midsummer madness. Today the case of
Ireland gives to this message the aspect of a
prophecy almost fulfilled. We should do well,
however, to keep our eyes on conditions in Eng-
land, Scotland, and Wales. The destruction of our
industries is going on apace. Our industrial exist-
ence is dependent upon having a large field of
exportation. We least of all nations can continue
to exist by "taking in each other's washing.". At
the present moment we are filling up the huge

XX INTRODUCTION

void in our home market caused by the war. These
needs will soon be met, and we shall then have to
seek markets for our goods in South America,
some parts of Europe, the Far East, and in our own
Dominions. In these markets, which are neutral,
we shall find rivals and shall have to expect severe
competition. Mr. SmiUie and his miners' execu-
tive have increased the price of everything into
which coal enters as a part of its manufacture, so
that our prices are enhanced and foreign mer-
chants wUl be driven to cheaper markets at our
expense. As it is, otir manufacttuers cannot give
firm quotations. They find themselves forced by
the disturbed industrial position in this country
to insert saving clauses in their contracts. Just
at the present moment, with such leeway to make
good, foreign and neutral buyers are willing to
put up with the inconveniences of varying prices,
but this cannot last long. Those of our manufac-
turers who have a long view are most pessimistic,
and there are signs of increasing unemployment in
the near future.

This unemployment — the constant dread of the
working man — is, in my opinion, deliberately created
by the hotheads of Labour. When the war ended,
even with the high prices of labour, a prolonged

INTRODUCTION xxi

period of industrial progress and prosperity was in
sight. Labour could have, and no doubt would
have, secured its fair share, but Labour is losing
the opportunity, and distress, poverty, and un-
employment threaten us. The moderate Labotir
leader knows the danger, and has fought stoutly
for his men. But a wave of mad communism — the
work of the Jew-Bolsheviks — has caught up a
powerful section of Labour, and there is not even
any pretence now of safeguarding the interests of
the working man. It is all a political game —
nationalization, direct action, and open revolution.
What do they want, these people? A new heaven
and a new earth, fashioned after their ideals?
They seek the "proletarian dictatorship"- — what-
ever that may mean. Governments and theories
of government must always be judged by their
result. If the Jew-Bolsheviks had produced a
system by which the governed were happier, freer,
and more prosperous than the peoples under other
systems, there would be every excuse for any
attempt to imitate them. But in Russia trades
unionism has been stamped out, religion mocked,
liberty denied, and the will of the autocracy of the
Soviets impressed on everybody. It is a system of
rule by terror. Whoever holds an opinion contrary

xxii INTRODUCTION

to the Soviet Government is executed or im-
prisoned. Disease is rampant, and from all
accounts which we get from Russia, never was
any country in such a desperately unhappy state.
And this is what our extremists want for us?

But is it? Communism, anarchy, and the
"dictatorship of the people" are words and con-
vey nothing to the student of history and poUtics.
They are mere terms used to describe phrases of
political or popular movements. When they are
achieved, there still remains a permanent system of
government to devise. We must credit the leaders
of Bolshevism with the power of seeing further than
their noses, as the common phrase goes. Indeed,
some of them are gifted with a very high inteUi-
gence, though they seem to possess a low moral
standard. They have worked it out to the nth
degree. Communism cannot in the nature of
things be the final end of their hopes and dreams.
They know better perhaps than the highest of
high old Tories that it is not, and can never be,
a permanent system of government. Indeed, in
Russia, they have by their acts acknowledged that
this is so. As for anarchy, it used to be a favourite
subject among the old Russian Nihilists, but it
has disappeared from all political programmes of

INTRODUCTION xxiii

the Reds, and does not exist now, even as a politi-
cal dream. There remains the "dictatorship of
the peolpe." Luckily for us, it is not necessary
to ponder deeply over the meaning of this. Being
in actual and active existence in Moscow, we can
see exactly what it means, how it works, and the
main results. This system of government, so
alluring to the working man, and so utterly ini-
mical to his interests, is run by a few men who have
usurped authority and have relegated the working
classes to a position of serfdom, and are now work-
ing with all seriousness for the hegemony of the
world. And 80 per cent, of them are Jews.

It would be unfair and un-English to argue
from this that all Jews are Bolsheviks. But we
may fairly say that the time has come when every
country in the world is entitled to ask its Jews
what policy they intend to pursue towards this
new and alarming danger. Here is a huge country,
of enormous resources and illimitable wealth, being
run by a company of Jews on a system which can
best be described as the denial of democracy. It
aims at spreading this abominable theory through-
out the world. This is the boast of their own men,
not our mere statement. In every country are to
be found today representatives of Sovietism, Jew

xxiv INTRODUCTION

and Gentile, working feverishly and with excel-
lent organization. In England we are seeing daily
the results of the propaganda. Bolshevists here
openly declare their intentions to have Soviet
government, and they possess a paper, the Daily
Herald, which is frankly and utterly Bolshevist.
The political Jew, who is working for his nation
and not for his religion, is active. He is everywhere
working with extraordinary activity towards the
fiirtherance of Bolshevist plans. Is it not time to
ask those of our Jewish fellow citizens who do not
share the views of their fellows to speak out
openly and fearlessly ?

The attitude of the English Jews is one of sur-
prise that their religion should subject them to sus-
picion or differential treatment of any kind. They
say in effect, "Why are we treated differently from
Roman Catholics, Wesleyans, Methodists, Church
of England, or any other religious community?"
Recently in the Jewish Guardian (March 26, 1920)
the attitude of English Jewry was thus described.

"Judaism is a religion, not a nation. It was
to Jews as members of a religious body that
national rights have been vindicated at the
Peace Conference ; and it is by Jews as members
of a religious body that Judaism will be guarded."

INTRODUCTION xxv

These are admirable sentiments, most of which
every tolerant and generous Englishman will
endorse. But perhaps he might ask the meaning
of the phrase: "It was to Jews as members of a
religious body that national rights have been
vindicated at the Peace Conference." We pre-
sume that the writer intended to convey the idea
that the Peace Conference insisted on the Jews of
Roumania and Poland having special rights, be-
cause they were a religious community and not
because they were a separate national entity. But
later on in the same article we have a remarkable
passage which tends to prove that there are a large
number of Jews who desire a distinct nationality
for themselves, apart altogether from their religion.

"Now, is this the policy of the Zionists, not
to deprive Western Jews of nationality, but to
acquire for such Eastern Jews as want it the
opportunity of developing a civic sentiment,
repressed and held in check where they dwell?
If so, we would ask them four questions: (i)
How far is this policy modified by the Minority
Treaties enacted and to be enacted, and by the
just desire to give them a fair trial? (2) How
do the Zionist leaders propose to inform their
followers and others that Jewish 'Nationalism'
outside Palestine is a mistaken term, without

xxvi INTRODUCTION

foothold in the present, or justification in the
past, or security in the future? (3) Are they
willing that Palestinians of other races and
other creeds should share with Jews the civic
sense of Palestine? And (4) how do they pro-
pose to conciliate the help and co-operation of the
many Jews, in whose behalf we are writing, who,
untouched, as they are, by poUtical Zionism, are
willing, even anxious, to assist in the restoration
of Palestine?"

It is obvious, then, that there is a large and
powerful section of Jews who cling to their na-
tionality as much as they do to their religion.
Indeed, the whole controversy in this matter boils
down to the answer to the question, "Are Jews
working as a distinct race or merely as members of
a distinct religion? "

Let us try to seek the answer to this question
from the Jews themselves. The Jewish Guardian
is out and away the ablest Jewish paper published
in England. We must bear testimony to its fair-
ness, broad-mindedness, and general excellence.
It must be remembered that it was founded only
last year as a protest against the curious attitude
of the other Jewish papers. In effect it is anti-
Zionist and anti-revolutionary. It stands in rare

INTRODUCTION xxvii

contrast to the narrowness and bitterness of its
Jewish rivals. Also the Guardian commands the
services of some of the best pens in British Jewry.
In a leading article published August 6th of this
year it refers to the question of nationality.

"We have never disguised our conviction,
unpopular in places though it has been, that
Zionism (or, more precisely, Zionist 'hotheads,'
as Lord Curzon recently described them)
brought grist to the miU of those anti-Semites
who pretend that Jews are duo-national. The
confusion between the philosophic 'nationalism,'
which Mr. Leon Simon has expounded in a
recent book, and the common nationality of
the subjects of one ruler such as King George,
has been as unfortunate as it is illogical. We
still hold that wiser counsels might have avoided
it, and that Jewish leaders, jealous for the good
name of other adherents to Judaism than the
Zionists, should always have been careful to dis-
tinguish between the two uses of one word."

Here we see the recognition of the accusation
that the Jews are a nation and the attempt to meet
it by Mr. Leon Simon. The Jewish Guardian is
certainly "up against" the same accusation, and
very gallantly, and we believe sincerely, tries to
prove that Judaism is a religion pure and simple.

xxviii INTRODUCTION

But facts are against it, and alas! facts from its
own pages.

Some time in June, the Maccabeans honoured
Mr. Lucien Wolf at the Holbom Restaurant by
inviting him to a banquet. The event is described
in the Jewish Guardian of June nth. Here is the
first sentence :

"Honour to whom honour is due, and all
honour to Mr. Lucien WoH , the man who fought
for Jewish rights at Versailles last year."

Now what precisely do the words "Jewish
rights" mean? If Judaism is a religion was there
any need to fight for its rights, since no country in
the world offers any obstacle to the exercise of his
religion by any one of its nationals? So we con-
clude that the "rights" were political and we see
the Jewish nation at work. If Mr. Lucien Wolf
receives the thanks of Jewry for fighting for Jewish
rights at Versailles, then Sir Herbert Samuel will,
no doubt, do his best to deserve the same thanks
for his fight for Jewish rights in Palestine.

Later on in the same account we come across
another significant passage. Here it is :

"The second (message) was a letter from Mr.
Israel Zangwill, pungent and self-reminiscent,

INTRODUCTION xxix

but with truth at the bottom of it, as usual.
'The Minority Treaties were the touchstone of
the League of Nations, that essentially Jewish
aspiration. And the man behind the Minority
Treaties was Lucien Wolf.' "

I have itaHcized the description of the League
of Nations as being "that essentially Jewish as-
piration." Was the establishment of the League
of Nations a religious or a poUtical question?
Surely, by no stretch of imagination or sophistry,
can the League of Nations be regarded as a re-
Hgious matter. It was poHtical, and again we see
the Jewish nation at work.

In returning thanks for the many kind things
said of him at the banquet, Mr. Lucien Wolf's
reply is thus described :

"Then came the sharing of the praise, first
to the Alliance Israelite, then to the Americans,
then to the statesmanship and goodwill of the
Conference itself. The Anglo- Jewish members
of the Delegation might claim that the first
detailed plan of the Minority Treaties was their
own. They discussed it with members of the
Commission on New States, but the governing
principle had first been accepted from them (my

XXX INTRODUCTION

italics) by the Allied and Associated Powers and
by the League of Nations. Though in the ex-
citement of hearing the Main Treaties all else
might be well lost for the moment, he would
remind them that the principle laid down in
the preamble to the Labour Convention, which
secured the rights of the working classes and
guaranteed them the protection of the League
of Nations, recognized that the rights of mi-
nority populations were on exactly the same
plane."

Here is the political Jew at work for the Jewish
nation. There is nothing deserving of blame in
this. If pohtical and intensely national Jews care
to combine to secure privileges and rights for their
co-nationals throughout Europe, they deserve well
of Jewry, but the Jewish Guardian must not talk
nonsense of Judaism being only a religion. It may
be that, but in addition it is a strong, active poht-
ical force, puUing strings in every country for the
good of Jewry.

It is here we join issue with those Jews who do
not concern themselves with the political and
national aims and aspirations of their co-religion-
ists. We want to know how we are to distinguish
between the good citizen Jew and the politically

INTRODUCTION xxxi

minded Jew who works for Jewry, right or wrong.
In this country there are many Jews holding
important political offices. We want to know for
certain that if at any time British interests and
Jewish interests clash he will be British first and
Jewish afterwards. How are we to know this?
I have shown and this book will show much more
amply the great political activity of the Jews.
Cannot the good Jews see that it is difficult for us
to tolerate this uncertainty, especially with the
world in its present state of unrest? We are
gradually being forced to deny to Jews political
office, unless we can be quite sure that it will be
exercised on behalf of our country and Empire
and not on behalf of the Jewish race throughout
the world. We have seen at the Peace Conference
the extraordinary and most successful workings
of the Jews among the delegates, and this book
win prove that their efforts were almost entirely
directed towards safeguarding purely Jewish in-
terests. It is impossible not to be amused at the
assertion of Mr. Lucien Wolf that the principle
laid down in the preamble to the Labour Conven-
tion, which secured the rights of the working classes
and guaranteed them the protection of the League
of Nations, recognized that the rights of minority

xxxii INTRODUCTION

populations were on exactly the same plane.
Taken to pieces this means that in order to secure
privilege for the minorities (i.e., the Jews) it was
found best to camouflage this step under the guise
of "securing the rights of the working classes''
and guaranteeing them "the protection of the
League of Nations" — that essentially Jewish
aspiration. Fancy our working men needing the
protection of the League of Nations, or the work-
ing classes in any other country !

This is the Jewish Peril, that a great number
of Jews, owning various nationahties and in some
cases rising to great political power, are working
for the rights of the Jewish nation. If there should
come occasions to such a Jew when the safety,
honour, and welfare of the country of which he is
a national are opposed to the safety, honour, and
welfare of the Jewish nation, on which side will he
throw the weight of his influence and power?
That uncertainty is not lessened by the spectacle
of a Jew-Bolshevik Government or by the remem-
brance of Jewish national activity in Paris and
elsewhere. If by giving expression to this policy
of alarm and suspicion that is felt by many of my
feUow citizens, I am to be dubbed "anti-Semite"
by the Jewish Press, then I suppose I must put up

INTRODUCTION xxxiii

with the epithet. But as long as I see a possibility
of the interests of this country and Empire being
risked by uncertain allegiance, so long will I con-
tinue to denounce it.

H. A. GWYNNE.

Morning Post Office,
Aiigust, 1920.

The Cause of World Unrest

CHAPTER I

In the House of Commons, on November 5, 1919,
Mr. Winston Churchill gave a very remarkable
account of the Russian Revolution. He began by-
quoting a passage from Ludendorff's book on the
war. It occurs in volume ii., page 509:

"By sending Lenin to Russia [says Luden-
dorff], our Government did moreover assume a
great responsibility, but from the military point
of view his journey was justified. Russia had to
be laid low. But our Government should have
seen to it that we were not also involved in her
fall."

So far Ludendorflf. Let us now see what Mr.
Churchill has to say upon the implications of this
passage :

"Lenin was sent into Russia by the Germans
in the same way that you might send a phial con-

2 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

taining a culture of typhoid or of cholera to be
poured into the water supply of a great city, and it
worked with amazing accuracy. No sooner did
Lenin arrive than he began beckoning a finger here
and a finger there to obscure persons in sheltered
retreats in New York, in Glasgow, in Berne, and
other countries, and he gathered together the
leading spirits of a formidable sect, the most for-
midable sect in the world, of which he was the high
priest and chief. With these spirits around him he
set to work with demoniacal ability to tear to
pieces every institution on which the Russian
State depended. Russia was laid low. Russia
had to be laid low. She was laid low in the dust.

"Colonel Ward — But she is not dead yet.

"Mr. J. Jones — Why did you not declare war
on him?

"Mr. Churchill — Her national life was com-
pletely ruined; the fruits of her sacrifices were
thrown away. She was condemned to long in-
ternal terrors, and menaced by famine. . . . Her
sufferings are more fearful than modern records
hold, and she has been robbed of her place among
the great nations of the world."

Now let us carefully consider this gloomy, im-
pressive, and almost terrifying passage. What
does it mean? It means, first of all, that the
German Imperial Government used an organiza-

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 3

tion — "the most formidable sect in the world" —
for the destruction of Russia. Secondly — as we
also gather from LudendorfE — the German Gov-
ernment ran a great risk — "assumed a great
responsibility" — in letting loose this mysterious
power. Thirdly, Ludendorff seems to suggest
that the German Government handled this power
clumsily, so that they were also brought down by
it. Fourthly — and here we come to Mr. Churchill
— the sect was not German only or Russian: its
leading spirits were drawn from New York,
Glasgow, Berne, and other countries.

It was a power outside Germany, a power out-
side Russia: it was a world-wide power. And it
was a power strong enough to bring Russia down,
and also, if we are right in our interpretation of
Ludendorff's words, to bring down the Imperial
German Government and the House of Hohen-
zoUern.

What was it?

Before attempting to answer this question,
let us make another quotation, this time from an
author long dead. The Abb6 Barruel wrote his
Memoirs of Jacobinism towards the end of the
eighteenth century. The English translation was
pubHshed in 1 797-1 798. The Abbe traced the

4 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

origin of the French Revolution through a bewil-
dering maze of secret societies, French and Ger-
man, chiefly Masonic or pseudo-Masonic in form,
and all inspired by a common plan. He suggested
that the parent sect of the Revolution was the
Illuminati founded by the famous "Spartacus"
Weishaupt in Bavaria in 1776, and after describing
the sinister activities of this and other organiza-
tions of a similar kind, he warned his readers in
these remarkable words :

"You thought the Revolution ended in France,
and the Revolution in France was only the first
attempt of the Jacobins. In the desires of a terrible
and formidable sect, you have only reached the
first stage of the plans it has formed for that
general Revolution which is to overthrow all
thrones, all altars, annihilate all property, efiface
all law, and end by dissolving all society."

Now, the Abb6 Barruel's book caused a great
sensation at the time, and became the centre of a
great controversy — both in Europe and America —
now almost, if not quite forgotten. Among those
who attempted to answer Barruel was Jean Joseph
Mounier, famous in the early stages of the Revolu-
tion as President of the National Assembly.

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 5

Mounier was one of those Liberal-Constitution-
alists who seem doomed to be the dupes of the
Revolutions over whose early stages they preside.
Mounier then wrote a reply' to Barruel. In
this reply Mounier pointed out that the lUuminati
had been dissolved in 1787.

"How, therefore [he asked], could it have pro-
duced the Revolution of Prance which began in
1789? True, we have been assured that it was
continued in more secret forms ; but this assertion
is out of all probability. . . . They who say the
order stiU exists ought to give up the attempt to
persuade the Germans of it, who are witnesses of
the conduct of those who established it. . . . If
we are to believe the writings of Dr. Robison and
M. Barruel, the systems of M. Weishaupt were
diffused with the rapidity of the electric fitoid."

Here stirely is a passage upon which Time
sheds a strong and dramatic light.

In 1 80 1 no German believes that the followers of
" Spartacus" still exist as a secret society. In 1918
they come out of their shadows and attempt a
Revolution in Berlin!

In 1 80 1 it is absurd to suppose that a secret

' Influence of the Philosophers, Free-Masons, and lUuminants on
the Revolution in France (1801).

6 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

society, a "formidable sect," could spread from
Germany to France "with the rapidity of the
electric fluid. " In 19 19 Mr. Churchill asserts that
Revolution was carried from Germany to Russia
"in the same way that you might send a phial
containing a culture of typhoid."

Barruel then is justified by time. As we shall
presently show, he finds support in the researches
of modern history. The French Revolution — ^ILke
the Russian Revolution — was actuated by a for-
midable sect — "the most formidable sect in the
world."

The proofs of this statement we must reserve
for a subsequent chapter. In the meantime let us
merely state the question which these papers will
attempt to answer.

What is this "formidable sect" of which Bar-
ruel speaks in the eighteenth century, of which
Mr. Churchill speaks in the twentieth? Is it the
same then as now? That is a disturbing question.
Upon the answer may rest the safety of England —
of Christianity — and of the civilization based on
Christianity.

"The appalling thing," says Lord Acton in his
Essays on the French Revolution, "is not the tumult
but the design. Through all the fire and smoke

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 7

we perceive the evidence of calculating organiza-
tion. The managers remain studiously concealed
and masked, but there is no doubt about their
presence from the first."

What was this calculating organization? Lord
Acton does not answer. He was too absorbed in
his pre-occupation of Constitutionalism — that
wiU-o' -the- wisp which all our Whig historians are
eternally chasing through the quaking bogs and
the lurid shadows of those terrible times. Was it
by any chance the same "formidable sect" which
the German Emperor let loose upon Russia?

Mrs. Webster, in her admirable book on the
French Revolution,' suggests several answers to
this question. She recalls the "formidable sect"
of the Illuminati of Bavaria, founded by "Sparta-
cus" Weishaupt in 1776, and asks if it can be
' ' mere coincidence ' ' that the Spartacists of modern
Germany adopted the pseudonym of their fellow-
countryman and predecessor of the eighteenth
century.

We shall examine that theory later on.

Then Mrs. Webster goes on to point out that
the Internationale, by the admission of Prince
Kropotkin, had "a direct filiation" with the

' The French Revolution. By Nesta H. Webster (1919).

8 THE CAUSE ^ WORLD UNREST

"Enrages" of 1793 and the secret societies of

1795-

That also is a question we shall have to con-
sider.

They are mentioned by Mrs. Webster as an
afterthought, suggested no doubt by the terrible
events which were taking place when she was
completing her book. The main body of her work
is occupied with tracing the Orleanist conspiracy,
which beyond doubt had its share in those events.

Now the Duke of Orleans was a voluptuary
and a coward. Sober historians, after examining
his character, laugh at the idea that he could have
organized such a conspiracy. Why then was his
name — the name Philip Egalit6 — a rallying cry
of those formidable sects which organized the
Revolution? That is a question which we must
also hold in suspense for a moment.

Then Mrs. Webster allots its due share to
the Prussian conspiracy organized by Frederick
the Great, and continued by his successor, for the
destruction of France. That Prussia had its share
in the French Revolution is no longer in doubt.
"Anacharsis" Clootz, that horrible Prussian;
Ephraim, that horrible German Jew, were probably
agents of the House of Hohenzollem.

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 9

Had they also a "filiation" with the "formid-
able sect ' ' ? We shall see.

Again, there was the obsctire conspiracy to place
the Duke of Brunswick on the Throne of France.

There were also EngHsh influences at work in
the "formidable sect." English gold helped to
finance the French Revolution. That is certain.
But it is also certain, as Mrs. Webster shows, that
it was not the gold of Pitt. The Government of
George III. had no hand in the foul conspiracy.
The aid was given by certain "revolutionary
clubs" in England.

What interest had they in the destruction of the
House of Botubon? Were they also members of
the "formidable sect"? If they were — if Bavar-
ians, Prussians, Frenchmen, and Englishmen were
all working in the same conspiracy, in the same
organization — then the "formidable sect" could
not have been French merely. It must have been
International.

Are we to believe that even in the eighteenth
century there was an "International" devoted to
the destruction of Chtuch and State?

The French Clerical, the French Royalist, will
reply at once : Certainly, there was Freemasonry.

That is an answer at which Englishmen wiU be

10 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

inclined to laugh, for no one who knew anjrthing
of them could suspect our English Freemasons of
any revolutionary design. But there is Free-
masonry and Freemasonry. The danger of the
Masonic organization is this — that every secret
society which aims at revolution finds in Free-
masonry a disgiiise which it is almost impossible
to penetrate. Freemasons themselves admit, as
we shall see later on, that the trowel has been used
as a dagger, and that the square has covered a
bomb. Let us quote from a witness who upon
this point is not Ukely to lie. Louis Blanc was
himself a revolutionary, and his History of the
French Revolution is written to glorify that event.
Let us see, then, what he says on this subject.

After reminding his readers that Liberty, Equal-
ity, and Fraternity are words dedicated to Free-
masonry he continues:

"As the three grades of ordinary Masonry
included a great number of men opposed, by
position and by principle, to every project of social
subversion, the innovators multiplied the degrees
of 'the mystic ladder to be climbed. They created
occialt lodges reserved for ardent souls . . .
shadowy sanctuaries whose doors were only open
to the adept after a long series of proofs calculated

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST ii

to test the progress of his revolutionary education.
... It was to these subterranean schools that
Condorcet alluded when, in his Histoire des Progrh
de V Esprit Humain, interrupted by his death, he
promised to tell what blows monarchical idolatry
and superstition had received from the secret
societies, daughters of the Order of the Templars."

This testimony, as we shaU see, does not stand
alone. And it has the merit also of explaining a
good deal that is otherwise inexphcable. For it is
certain that in France the Duke of Orleans was
Grand Master both of the Central Masonic Lodge,
the Grand Orient, and also of the Templars ; that
Frederick the Great was Grand Master of a world-
wide system of Freemasonry, and that the Duke
of Brunswick was Grand Master of the German
Freemasons.

Whether these principals were the directors or
were the tools of the "formidable sect" is a ques-
tion that must also be answered.

But in the meantime we must examine a little
more closely the words of Louis Blanc's testimony.

We gather from this closer view that the ordin-
ary lodges and the general run of Freemasons —
even in France — were not entrusted with the de-
signs of the conspirators. These conspirators

12 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

created special lodges — "arriSres loges," as they
are called — behind (and above) the ordinary
lodges. The ' ' innovators ' ' were thus protected by
a screen or several screens, one behind the otheri
of unsuspected and unsuspecting Masons. These
were the "shadowy sanctuaries, " open only to the
adept, where blow upon blow of the revolution
could be directed in safety — as from a bomb-proof
dug-out or the armoured top of a battleship.

CHAPTER II

We have seen that the Illuminati are mentioned
both by the Abb6 Barruel and by Mrs. Webster
as one of the Prime Movers of the French Revolu-
tion. Indeed, Mrs. Webster goes further and calls
"Spartacus" Weishaupt the "inventor of world-
revolution." A careful study of Barruel, however,
suggests that the Illuminati were only one of many
sects which worked with the same means for the
same object. They are important chiefly because
we know a good deal about them. Their archives
were captured and published by the Elector of
Bavaria. That makes them interesting, for we can
study them, as we study the working of bees in a
glass hive. But it is also a danger, for we may be
led by our knowledge of them to give them too
high a place in the revolutionary hierarchy. We
know that this "formidable sect" had a hand in
the French Revolution; but it was not the only
sect, and it is doubtful if it was the chief sect.
Indeed, we shall see when we examine it more

13

14 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

closely that it leads us into a blind alley. It en-
tices us along in the most promising and alluring
way; but it ends in a dead wall.

We know a good deal about Adam Weishaupt.
He was bom in 1748, and at the age of twenty-
eight was Professor of Law in the University of
Ingolstadt, in Bavaria. We know that even before
this early age he had worked out the general
lines of his system and of his philosophy. But
there is one thing we do not know — Did he
work out the system for himself or was he in-
spired thereto by some unknown and unsuspected
teacher?

We do know, by the way, that he was a thorough-
paced scoundrel, for among his intercepted corre-
spondence was a series of letters, written by him to
various initiates, imploring them to help him to
find the means to destroy the unborn child of his
sister-in-law, before its birth should overwhelm
him with disgrace. After such a confession we are
entitled to doubt if the philosophy he professed
was the real motive of his activities.

His philosophy need not detain us very long.
It is the old familiar set of fallacies and unproved
assumptions formulated some little time before by
Jean Jacques Rousseau, and long since exploded

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 15

by historians on the one side and by men of science
on the other.

Liberty and equality are the essential rights
that man in his original and primitive perfection
received from Nature. Property destroyed Equal-
ity ; Governments and Religions destroyed Liberty;
therefore to reinstate man in his original rights it
was necessary to destroy aU Religions, all Civil
Societies, and all Property.

This was to be done by secret organization —

"Yes," he prophesied, "princes and nations
shall disappear from off the face of the Earth. Yes,
a time shall come when man shall acknowledge no
other Law than the great book of Nature. This
Revolution shall be the work of our Secret Socie-
ties, and that is one of our Grand Mysteries."

It may be noted in passing that he uses the
plural — as if he were aware that there were others
working along tunnels similar to those which he
and his confederates were digging so busily.

He began with his pupils of Ingolstadt, the
general idea being that "each class of my order
must be the preparatory school for the next."
He educated a class of " Insinuators, " whose
business was to secure initiates, and these initiates
were only let into the secrets of the organizations

i6 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

when they were proved to be faithful and had gone
too far to draw back.

The scope of these designs is revealed in the
following passage, which might almost persuade
us that we are in the presence of the "formidable
sect":

"When the object is a universal Revolution, all
the members of these Societies, aiming at the same
point, and aiding one another, must find means of
governing invisibly, and without any appearance
of violent measures, not only the higher and more
distinguished class of any particular State, but
even of all stations, of all nations, of every religion,
insinuate the same spirit everywhere; in silence,
but with the greatest possible activity, direct the
scattered inhabitants of the Earth towards the
same point."

With marvellous patience and cunning, Weis-
haupt elaborated a secret organization closely
resembling Masonry, of four classes, subdivided
into six degrees. Young men were tempted into it
upon various false pretences, and before very long
the organization had great power in Bavaria and
other parts of Germany.

Then came a great chance. Weishaupt was
fortunate in two disdples, "Cato" Zwack and the

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 17

Hanoverian Baron, "Philo" Knigge, who had
dabbled in Freemasonry, and with these two he
conceived the project of capturing or lUuminizing
the Masonic Lodges.

Weishaupt's instructions on the gentle art of
capturing Freemasonry are interesting :

"In every town of any note situated within
their district the secret chapters shall establish
lodges for the three ordinary degrees, and shall
cause men of soiuid morals, of good repute, and of
easy circumstances, to be received in these lodges.
Such men are much to be sought after, and are to
be made Masons, even though they should not be
of any service to lUuminism in its ulterior projects. "

These methods succeeded beyond expectation.
Weishaupt and his initiates were soon in secret
control of a multitude of lodges throughout Ger-
many.

But the great chance came with the universal
Masonic Congress at WUhelmsbaden in 1782.
At that Congress "Philo" Knigge was busy, and
he gleefully reports his progress to his Master:
"All of them," writes Knigge, "were enchanted
with our degrees of Epopt and of Regent." Into
these degrees the Freemasons were enlisted in
shoals.

1 8 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

The centre of the conspiracy was now in Frank-
fort, and was spreading in all directions. The
South German States, Prussia, Austria, Holland,
were all infected. A trusted agent was sent to
London "slily to iUuminize the English." Several
of the German Courts were almost completely in
the hands of the lUuminati. Their prestige was
becoming enormous.

But in the height of his success, Weishaupt
received a staggering blow. The Elector of
Bavaria swooped down upon him, obtained evi-
dence, both written and oral, which filled Germany
with horror and covered the sect with confusion.
Weishaupt fled to another part of Germany; but
his organization continued, and, as we shall pre-
sently see, its agents or fugitives helped to precipi-
tate that Revolution in France which they had
failed to effect in Germany.

We have said that our study of the Illuminati
only leads us into a cul-de-sac, a blind alley. We
come to Adam Weishaupt, and we get no further
back. But at its other end this blind alley joins
the main roads, or rather tunnels, of "occult"
Freemasonry and Revolution.

We find this "filiation" quite clearly in Mira-
beau's visits to Berlin. Mirabeau returned from

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 19

Berlin with two enthusiasms, the one for the Jews,
the other for the Illuminati. Of the former en-
thusiasm we shall have something to say later : the
latter enthusiasm bore immediate fruit. Mira-
beau induced "AmeUus" Bode, the disciple and
successor of "Spartacus" Weishaupt, to "iUumi-
nize" the French Masonic Lodges.

There is no doubt that at that time French Free-
masonry was assuming certain very dangerous
and subversive forms. France was, in fact,
covered with a web of secret organizations of the
Masonic type, and of these Lodges practically all
the Jacobins were members.

The Grand Orient itself had become a vast
revolutionary organization. Under the nominal
rule of the Grand Master, Philip Egalite, Duke of
Orleans, were the Lodges of no less than 282 French
towns; there were besides 81 Lodges in Paris and
16 at Lyons. Every Lodge sent its Deputy to the
Grand Orient, and every Lodge had its President,
whose duty consisted in forwarding the orders of
the Grand Orient, or in preparing the Brethren
for the orders which they were to receive.

As early as 1 776, the Central Committee of the
Grand Orient instructed its subordinates to pre-
pare the Brethren for insurrection. They were to

20 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

visit the Lodges throughout France, to conjure
them by the Masonic Oath, and to announce that
the time had at last come to accomplish their ends
in the death of tyrants.

Barruel (English edition, vol. ii., p. 438) gives
an accoimt of the manner in which these orders
were executed at LUle in that year. The officers
of the Regiment of La Sarre, stationed at that
town, were, many of them, Freemasons, and these
were invited to meet the Agent of the Grand
Orient, an officer of the Artillery called Sinetty.
In a grandiloquent speech he told them that the
Universe was about to be freed from its fetters,
that the tyrants called Kings were to be van-
quished, and that Religion and Eings were to give
way to Light, Liberty, and Equality. The officers
were good Masons, and they were also loyal sub-
jects of their King. They treated the message half
as a disagreeable joke, half as an incomprehensible
incident to be dismissed from their minds. But,
being bound by their Masonic oath, they did not
report the incident to headquarters.

While the Grand Orient thus organized Revolu-
tion throughout France, various occult Lodges
had their parts in the movement. Thus the Paris
Lodge of the Coq H6:on was the seat of the propa-

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 21

ganda. Its chiefs were the Due de la Rochefou-
cault, Condorcet, and SieySs, and in 1790 they
controlled funds of twenty million livres, or
£900,000, at that time an enormous sum.

Barruel quotes the main principle on which they
founded their hopes of a Revolution :

"Want and opinion are the two agents which
make aU men act. Cause the want, govern opin-
ions, and you will overturn all the existing systems,
however well consolidated they may appear."

Now Barruel quotes this revolutionary maxim
on the authority of one Dr. Girtanner, who, he
says, had been able to penetrate the secrets of
revolutionary Masonry in Paris. Was it acted
upon? Everybody knows that one main cause of
the Revolution in Paris was the scarcity of bread.
That scarcity is usually said to be due to a bad
harvest. Mrs. Webster, however, quotes many
authorities to show that the scarcity was aggra-
vated by the deliberate action of certain people
who bought and held up the grain. These people,
in her view, were agents of the Duke of Orleans
and of what is called the Orleanist conspiracy.

"Montjoie {says Mrs. Webster] asserts that
agents employed by the Due d'Orl^ans deHber-

22 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

ately bought up the grain, and either sent it out
of the country or concealed it in order to drive the
people to revolt, and in this accusation he is
supported by innumerable contemporaries, in-
cluding the democrat, Fantin-Des Odoards, Mou-
nier, whose integrity is not to be doubted, the
Liberal Malouet, Ferridres, and Madame de la
Tour du Pin. Beaulieu, however, one of the most
reliable of contemporaries, considers that the
Orleanists would have been unable to create a
famine by these means, but that they accom-
plished their purpose by stirring up public f eeHng
on the subject of monopolizers, thereby inducing
the people to pillage the grain. The farmers and
com merchants, therefore, fearing that their
supplies would be destroyed in transit, were afraid
to release them. By this means a fictitious famine
was created."

Here at least is evidence which makes Gir-
tanner's statement credible. He states that the
secret societies planned to create scarcity; con-
temporaries believed that scarcity was created, but
put it down not to the secret organizations of which
they knew nothing, but to the Duke of Orleans.

As to the other economic cause of the French
Revolution, the spell of bad trade and unemploy-
ment, it was produced by the Eden Treaty, a

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 23

commercial treaty so disadvantageous to France
that it was ascribed by contemporaries either to
corruption or treachery. Here also Girtanner's
statement furnishes a clue which might be worth
while for the student to foUow up. What remains
certain is that the economic crisis which preceded
the Revolution was intensified, if not created, by
artificial causes. That these causes were part of a
conspiracy to bring about Revolution is not cer-
tain, but possible — and probable.

But to return. Among the "arriSre loges" — in
whose "shadowy sanctuaries" the Revolution was
plotted — we must mention the Lodges of the Amis
RSunis and the Philaldthes. The latter was the
haunt of those philosophers and dabblers in litera-
ture who in aU ages are the easy prey of their
vanity. The former sheltered such political fana-
tics as Condorcet, Brissot, Danton, Saint-Martin,
and Savalette de Lange. It was to this retreat that
Mirabeau brought "Amelius" Bode, the Baron de
Busche, and the other lUuminati who were to
"iUuminize" French Freemasonry. But French
Freemasonry hardly required "iUuminization"
from Germany. The work had already been
carried through by kindred spirits, if not by fellow-
conspirators.

24 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Among these shadowy and sinister figures were
the notorious "Count Cagliostro," whose real
name was Joseph Balsamo — a practitioner of all
forms of magic, alchemy, and fraud — and the
"Count of Saint-Germain," a Theosophist, as we
should now call him, who boasted that he had lived
through several incarnations. It was this im-
postor who founded the sect of Adamites, some
Httle distance outside Paris, in which, according
to Barruel, the two sexes Hved in promiscuous
concubinage, one lady only being reserved as the
peculiar property of the founder, then, according
to his own reckoning, in his 130th year.

Nor should we forget Martinez Pasqualis,
generally reputed to be a Portuguese Jew, who
founded his Order of Cohens, with a programme
which owed something to the ancient mysteries
of the Cabala. Pasqualis and his successor, Saint-
Martin, worked in France on very much the same
Hnes as Weishaupt worked in Germany. Indeed,
the more we look at this eighteenth-century net-
work of secret conspiracy, the more probable does
it seem that they aU owed something to a common
inspiration at that time and up till now suspected
but unknown.

When the Revolution came some at least of

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 25

these secret workers emerged from their shadowy
sanctuaries and came into the open. The Jacobins
were not only initiates themselves, but ruled their
affairs in ghastly imitation of the Masonic order.

"It is not by chance [says Barruel] that the
Jacobin Clubs both in Paris and the Provinces
become the general receptacle for Rosicrucians,
Knights Templars, Knights of the Sun, and
Knights Kadosch; or of those in particular who,
under the name of Philal^thes, were enthusiasti-
cally wedded to the mysteries of Swedenborg,
whether at Paris, Lyons, Avignon, Bordeaux, or
Grenoble. . . . The list is public, and it contains
the names of all the profound adepts who had
hitherto been dispersed among the Lodges."
{Barruel, vol. iv., p. 382.)

Were they the real plotters of the Revolution,
or were they, too, puppets, who danced obediently
to the guidance of an unseen hand? Their fate
suggests their r61e, for all or nearly all of them died
under the guillotine, carrying with them their
dark secrets to be buried for ever in the quicklime
of the general fosse.

CHAPTER III

It is now evident how the Revolutionaries worked
under the cloak of Freemasonry for the downfall
of France. We are therefore driven to consider
more closely the nature not indeed of Freemasonry
in the English sense, but of those orders of Free-
masonry which in various parts of the world are
generally associated with political propaganda.

It is commonly supposed — and in our own
country and the United States there is sufficient
ground for the supposition — that Masonic ritual
consists of certain innocent and friendly, though
symbolic, ceremonies, which aim at strengthening
the noble duties of charity, fraternity, loyalty, and
fair-dealing among men who are true citizens of
their Empire and whole-hearted believers in
Christian morality. "To so high an eminence has
the credit of Freemasonry been advanced," says the
old EngUsh Charge to initiates, ' ' that in every age
Monarchs themselves have been promoters of the
art, have not thought it derogatory from their

26

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 27

dignity to exchange the sceptre for the trowel,
have patronized our mysteries and joined in our
Assemblies." In 1799 and 1817, the British House
of Commons, in specific Acts, recognized the laud-
able character of the craft and provided for its
continuance.

So far, well. The history of Freemasonry,
however, though it may start in England with
the three orders, or degrees, of "Entered Appren-
tice," "Fellow Craft," and "Master," by no
means ends there, and in the veiled accounts of
certain Continental Lodges we come upon forms
of ritual and upon dark sayings that are not only
foreign to the atmosphere of the "Mother Grand
Lodge," but that point to underlying motives
which, if they bear any real significance, are sig-
nificant of evil. Whether or not the successive
degrees in revolutionary Masonry constitute a
hierarchy, each receiving its orders from the
degree immediately above, or are mainly indepen-
dent societies, it is difficult to say ; but it is note-
worthy that the higher the degree the more mys-
terious and disquieting appear its ceremonies.
There are at least thirty-three separate degrees,
each with a peculiar ritual of its own, based on the
alleged history of the Order, and each conducting

28 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

its observances and deliberations with the utmost
secrecy.

In the lower orders the initiate into the secrets
of revolutionary Masonry is allowed to hear the
words Liberty and Equality only occasionally,
but when his ears have grown familiar with them,
and after he has learned how to be silent, he is
raised to the grade of Master. It is then that he
hears for the first time of a Founder, whose murder
has to be revenged. The succeeding grades, es-
pecially those from the ninth upwards, so accustom
him to the idea of vengeance that it finally becomes
habitual. Every Master Mason is entrusted with
a twofold commission— first, to seek for the lost
word, which he finds in a higher grade to be
Jehovah, or natural religion; and, secondly, to
revenge the death of Hiram, of which the Master's
sign is a constant memorial — a feigned stab with
the thumb. In the ninth degree (the Elected
Knights of the Nine) a still more emphatic cere-
mony is observed. According to Albert Pike's
Ritual of the Southern Jurisdiction of the U. S.
(Scottish Rite), each new entrant and eight already
Elected Knights lay aside their Masonic clothing
and jewels, and each is armed with a sword and
dagger. They enter a room which is lighted only

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 29

by a single lamp set on the floor, by the side of a
couch of leaves, on which is placed a representa-
tion of Abairam sleeping.

'"Here is the assassin?' says the Master of
Ceremonies. ' Strike boldly at his head and heart,
and revenge the death of the Master ! ' The candi-
date does so with his dagger, a voice exclaiming
'Nekum!' [Hebrew for revenge] — and the Master
of Ceremonies, having with his sword separated
the bleeding head from the trunk, gives it to the
candidate, who, holding it in his right hand,
returns to the chapter-room."

It is in the ninth order, too, that the philosophy
of goodwill and benevolence to mankind, incul-
cated in the lower degrees, is supplemented by an
eloquent appeal to destroy Ignorance, Tyranny,
and Fanaticism, and it is interesting to notice that
in this and the succeeding degrees numerous
Hebrew names and associations creep into the
rituals. The following striking passage is taken
from the ritual of the eleventh degree (the Sublime
Knights Elu of the Twelve) :

" The Venerable Master: My Brethren, are you
willing to take upon yourselves the duties of
Governors in Israel, and chiefs over the tribute,

30 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

with the resolution to discharge those duties
faithfully and impartially?

"All: We are. . . .

" The V. M.: Let then our Chancellor write the
degree . . . making these twelve our Viceregents,
each in his Province, to be obeyed accordingly."

The next three orders are engaged in symbolic
rituals dealing with the rebuilding of the Temple
of Solomon which are difficult to understand, but
considerable light is thrown upon their meaning
in the concluding catechism of the 15th degree
(the Knights of the East, Sword or Eagle) :

"Q.: Of what are the ruins of the walls of the
city and the Holy House an emblem?

"A.: Of a country that has lost its liberties,
and an Order ruined and proscribed.

"Q.: To what do the seventy lights of the
Lodge aUude?

"A.: To the seventy years of Hebrew captivity.

"Q.: Of what are the chains of the captives,
with their triangular links, an emblem?

" A.\ Of the three powers that have in all ages
fettered the human intellect and chained the limbs
of the people : the Kings, Priests, and Nobles — of
Tyranny, Superstition, and Privilege.

"Q.: What art do you profess?

"A.: Freemasonry.

"Q.: What do you build?

"A.: Temples and Tabernacles.

"<2.: Where?

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 31

"A.: In the souls of men, and among the
nations.

"Q.: Which way do you travel?

"A.: From Babylon to Jerusalem. ..."

It is not difficult to see whither all this sym-
bolism and catechism points. As the candidate
becomes more and more initiated into the secrets
and inner history of his craft he becomes more and
more familiar with the idea of liberty as a basic
principle in Masonic life and thought, and to the
possibility of himself having, if need be, to offer up
his life "in the cause of downtrodden races" and
"in defence of free government." Such an ideal
sounds noble enough, but let us try to find out
what motive lies behind it. We have mentioned
that one of the duties of a Master Mason in
revolutionary Masonry is to seek for the "lost
word. ' ' By the time he is fully initiated as a Rosi-
crucian (i8th degree) he has learned that the day
on which the word Jehovah was lost is precisely
that on which the Son of God died on the Cross.

"As soon as the candidate [says the Abb6
Barruel] has proved that he understands the
Masonic meaning of the inscription inri (Jesus of
Nazareth, King of the Jews), the Master [of Cere-

32 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

monies] exclaims, My dear Brethren, the word is
found again, and all present applaud the luminous
discovery, that He whose death was the consum-
mation and the grand mystery of the Christian
Religion was no more than a common Jew crucified
for his crimes. ... It is on the Gospel and on
the Son of Man that the adept is to avenge the
brethren, the Pontiffs of Jehovah."

The Knights Templars (27th degree) have again
and again been accused of like heretical practices,
and it seems clear from the evidence that the
charge of denying Christ and defiling the Cross at
their Ceremony of Initiation has been firmly estab-
lished. Step by step are the initiates into the
deeper secrets led to abandon belief, not only in
Christianity, but in all revealed religion, and by
making them out and out materialists the ground
is prepared for the seeds of the Jacobinical code
of Revolution. When at length the candidate is
admitted into the 30th grade, and, after going
through terrifying ordeals to test his obedience and
secrecy, becomes a Knight Kadosch, he learns that
it is no longer Adoniram or Hiram whose death
cries for vengeance. The grade of Kadosch com-
memorates, he is informed, the suppression of the
Order of Templars by Pope Clement V. and Philip

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 33

le Bel, together with the murder of the Grand
Commander, Jacques de Molai, who was burned
alive by Philip's orders on March 11, 1314.

Thus is the mask completely thrown aside, and
the hidden designs of the Red Masonic orders made
clear. The objects to be pursued and annihilated
are the two great institutions of the Christian
world, represented by Clement V. and Philip IV.,
the Church and the State. "The religion which is
to be destroyed to recover the word, or the true
doctrine," remarks Barruel with true insight (vol.
ii., p. 325), "is the religion of Christ, founded on
revelation. This word in its full extent is Liberty
and Equality, to be established by the total over-
throw of the altar and the throne."

We conclude with a few significant sentences
taken from the catechism of the Knights Kadosch
degree. (We have been unable to obtain any
authentic information on the ritual of the higher
degrees.)

"My Brother [the Candidate], you desire to
tmite yourself to an Order which has laboured in
silence and secrecy for more than five hundred
years with a single end in view, and hitherto with
only partial success. . . . The Order of Knights
Kadosch has for its mission the avenging of a great

34 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

crime. . . . Do you fully understand that this
degree is not, like much of so-called Masonry, a
sham that means nothing and amounts to nothing ;
. . . that what you are now engaged in is real,
will require the performance of duty, will exact
sacrifice, will expose you to danger; and that this
Order means to deal with the affairs of nations and
be once more a Power in the world ? "

We have seen, so far (i) that Revolution is not
a spontaneous combustion of the social order ; but
that (2) the match is set by some secret agency or
"formidable sect"; (3) that this agency conceals
itself in the shadowy sanctuaries of certain forms
of Freemasonry; and (4) that these subversive
forms of Freemasonry have a ritual of hatred for
the Cross and veneration for the Temple which
suggest a Hebraic origin.

But having got so far, we are faced by another
question — if these secret societies instigate revolu-
tions, who or what instigates the secret societies?

And here, as in the case of the Freemasons, we
must be careful not to suggest any unfair suspicion
of innocent people. If we find a distinctly Jewish
ritual in these subversive orders of Freemasons,
that is not to suggest that all Jews are Freemasons
or are subversive. On the contrary, it is evident

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 35

that many Jews are good citizens and patriotic
British subjects. What is alleged, however — and
this allegation we must examine — is that a secret
sect of Jews cherish political designs of a subver-
sive nature, and that this sect works for revolution
behind a mask of Freemasonry.

Now we have remarked that the ritual, particu-
larly of the Templars, is both Hebraic and sugges-
tive of a design of revenge. It might help us a
little, then, to inquire into the origin of this par-
ticular Order, with which the "Ancient and
Accepted Scottish Rite" as practised by the Red
Lodges is historically connected.

And, indeed, no less an authority than Augustus
Schlegel points the way:

"The Order of the Templars [says Schlegel in
his Philosophy of History] has been the bridge over
which aU that body of mysteries {i.e., of esoteric
Freemasonry) has passed into the Occident. . . .
Through them come the traditions of Solomon and
his Temple. ... A society from the breast of
which, as from a laboratory where the spirit of
destruction forged its arms, came the Albigenses,
the Jacobins, and the Carbonari, could not have a
tendency truly Christian nor a constitution poli-
tically just, nor could it exercise a beneficent
influence on humanity in general."

36 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

The most eminent specialist on this subject of
the history of the Templars is the Comte le Cou-
teulx de Canteleu, whose book' on secret societies
and sects is founded not upon legend and tra-
dition merely but upon the archives of the
Templars themselves in his own possession and
elsewhere.

The Count explains how this crusading Order
diuing its long stay of half a century in Palestine
formed a close and sinister connection with the
Order of Assassins or Hachichiens — a branch of the
Ishmaelites of the East, whose members must have
been Jewish, since their object was the rebuilding
of Solomon's Temple. This secret society infested
the mountains round Jerusalem, and carried on a
war of brigandage and assassination both against
the Saracens and the Crusaders.

"The Templars [says our author], seeing that
the Realm of Jerusalem was going swiftly towards
its ruin, made alliance and treaty with the Assas-
sins. It appears to be certain that it was Guil-
laume de Montbard who received from the Old
Man of the Mountain the Masonic initiation in a

^Les Sectes et SociUSs Secretes, Politigues et Religeuses; essai sur
leur histoire depuis les temps les plus re-ouUs jusgu' d la RSvolulion
fransaise (1863).

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 37

cavern in the Liban, and transmitted it to his
companions, who were all initiated in the Masonic
cult."

It is certain that when the Templars returned
to Europe they were accused of following an un-
christian and blasphemous ritual.

Two Masonic — or rather, as they call themselves,
"co-Masonic" — writers, A. Bothwell-Gosse and
L. J. Dickinson, find in the accounts of this ritual
preserved in the famous trial proofs that the Order
of the Templars had been initiated into the secrets
of Masonry. "It seems probable," say these two
writers in their book on the Templars, "that there
was a basis of truth even in the accusations of a
horrible or grotesque kind : but it was a truth per-
verted or misunderstood, distorted by the igno-
rance of uninitiated observers, who misinterpreted
fragments of ritual that they could not compre-
hend. " In the beginning of the fourteenth century,
Philip le Bel, of France, with the more or less
reluctant consent of the Pope, Clement V., dis-
persed the Order and burned many of its leaders —
including the famous Jacques de Molai — at the
stake.

At the same time Philip drove the Jews out of
France.

38 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Now, it is possible — although here again any-
thing in the nature of proof is wanting — that the
Templars and the Jews made common cause.
What is certain is that the Templars survived as a
secret Masonic organization with a ritual inspired
by hatred of and vengeance on Church and State.

The execution of Jacques de Molai in the four-
teenth century is one of those unhappy far-off
things for which no sane man would nourish an
active resentment; but revenge for the execution
of Jacques de Molai, turned into a ritual against
Church, and King is another matter. That ritual
was practised on the eve of the French Revolution.
When the head of Louis XVI. fell into the sack
not only was the death of Jacques de Molai re-
venged upon a descendant of PhiUp le Bel, but a
proscribed Order — and a proscribed race — were
revenged both, and at once, upon Church and
State.

And now as to the connection between the Order
of the Templars and what is called the Ancient and
Accepted Scottish Rite practised in the Grand
Orient and the Lodges of Red Masonry the world
over. When Philip le Bel dispersed the Order in
France, he advised his brother monarch, Edward
II., to follow his example in England. Edward

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 39

took his advice, although his persecution was more
rmld and more dilatory than the French King's,
and as a result of these two persecutions many of
the Knights are said to have been driven into
Scotland.

Tradition says that an eminent band of French
Templars, disguised as operative Masons, landed
on the island of MuU, and were received by the
Scottish Grand Master. These Knights, it is said,
helped Robert the Bruce to win the Battle of
Bannockburn, and with his connivance founded
the famous Lodge of Kilwinning, which claims an
apostolic succession both in ritual and government.
When the Jacobite cause found refuge in France,
the Scottish Rite was brought back to the home
of its founders, and was accepted by the Grand
Orient, as a convenient symbolism for its work of
subversion.

The ritual also reached Germany, and in 1762
Frederick the Great, who had taken under his
wing the patronage of all German Masonry, pro-
mulgated his Grand Constitution, the Constitu-
tion being confirmed also at Bordeaux in the same
year. In 1786, Frederick's new Constitution of
the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite delegated
his powers to a Council for each nation. And

40 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

from France, in 1761, one Stephen Morin — ^pro-
bably but not certainly a Jew — was deputed by the
Grand Consistory of the Sublime Princes of the
Royal Secret, of whom the Duke de Chartres,
afterwards the Duke of Orleans, was the one
designated to carry the torch to the New World.

Thus a ritual originating among the Ishmaelites
and Assassins of Mount Lebanon gradually pene-
trated Europe and the New World. It is a singular
story, but suggests rather than proves the connec-
tion between the Hebraic and Masonic secret
organizations.

There is, indeed, at least one document which
supports this theory. It is quoted in Deschamps'
Les Societes Secretes et la SociSte (vol. iii., Annexe
B), and purports to be a letter from a certain Jean
Baptiste Simonini written from Florence on the
1st August, 1806, to the Abb6 Barruel congratulat-
ing him on his book, which Simonini had just read.
The Abb6, it will be remembered, had contended
in his Memoirs of Jacobinism that the French
Revolution had been in great part engineered by
certain Masonic organizations. Simonini informs
the Abb6 that his conclusions are correct but do
not go far enough, and that behind the Masons
were the Jews. He goes on to tell how during the

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 41

Revolution he was at Pi6mont, and for his own
safety contrived to persuade certain Jews who were
active in the Revolution there that he was himself
a Jew by descent. They induced him to become a
Mason, and told him, when he had thoroughly
won their confidence, that Maues and the Old Man
of the Mountains were Jews; that the Freemasons
and Illumines were founded by Jews; that aU anti-
Christian sects emanated from them, that they had
many partisans within the Church both in Italy
and Spain ; that the Bourbons were their hereditary
enemies; that they had made themselves masters
of Christian wealth, which they were using to
promote revolution; and that they promised them-
selves in less than a century to be masters of the
world; to aboHsh all other sects; themselves to
become the Rulers; to make synagogues of the
Christian churches; and to reduce the Christian
peoples to a state of slavery.

Barruel, who had written his book without any
such suspicion, was puzzled what to do with the
letter. He did not desire to give publicity to a
statement which he could not prove, and he deter-
mined to inform the authorities of its contents and
give the letter into the keeping of his ecclesiastical
superiors (in whose archives it stiU remains). In

42 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

the course of his short annotations on the docu-
ment, however, he suggests that, owing to the
double persecution of Philip le Bel, the Jews may
have made common cause with the Templars, and
that this may be the origin of the Masonic degree
of Kadosch,

A remarkable attempt to supplement evidence
by argument is made by M. Copin-Albancelli in his
book. La Conjuration Juive Contre le Monde Chre-
tien (1909). M. Copin-Albancelli's thesis is that
except the Jews there is no race or interest capable
of inspiring the continuous hatred of Church and
State which he finds in French Freemasonry.
Further, that the Jews at one time had a Govern-
ment ; that there is evidence of the existence of this
Government after the Dispersion; that it was
driven underground by the various persecutions to
which the Jews have been subjected; but that it
still exists as a secret organization. And he comes
to the conclusion, from an elaborate process of
argument, that the occult power which works
behind Freemasonry is no other than the secret
government of the Jewish nation (p. 435).

We do not propose to examine the logical steps —
some of them giant strides — ^by which M. Copin-
AlbancelU advances to this conclusion. We may

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 43

point out, however, that there are certain obvious
diflficulties. One is that Freemasonry in general —
both in England and in Germany — was closed to
the Jews, at least through the greater part of the
eighteenth century, although there is reason to
suppose that this exclusion did not apply in certain
of the governing or occult orders of Continental
Freemasonry.

CHAPTER IV

We have seen how M. Copin-Albancelli attempted
to prove that subversive Freemasonry was the
secret government of the Jews. This argument
has the horrible implication that certain groups of
the Jewish race have a secret organization which
works for the destruction of the Christian nations.

A moderate and probably truthful view of this
question is contained in a very remarkable book
by the Abb6 Joseph Lemann (L'EntrSe des Israelites
dans la SociStefrangaise) . L6mann, it is important
to note, was himself a Jew who embraced Chris-
tianity and became a Christian priest.

Lemann, then, describes the assertions which
we have discussed as an exaggeration — "une thbse
exagerSe." He admits, however, that very close
relations exist between Jewry and the secret
societies. And he sets these relations down to the
Hebraic antagonism against Christianity which
led the Jews "to utilize secret societies, more or
less, for their own interests."

44

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 45

L6mann points to the origin of these occult
Masonic societies in the Cabal — a Hebrew word
meaning "received tradition." From the time of
Moses to the time of Christ, the Cabal had existed
as the oral but secret custodian of the most sublime
truths of the Hebraic religion. It was the philo-
sophy of the Hebrews. But at the Dispersion it
turned from wine to vinegar, and passed either
into a shadowy realm of vain speculations, or occu-
pied itself with magic, terrible vows and sinister
symbols, and the operations of a hateful conspiracy
against the Christian religion. It was the father
of Sorcery, Astrology, Alchemy, and of all the false
sciences of the Middle Ages.

But here L6mann makes an important reser-
vation :

"This science cabalistic, abstruse on its specu-
lative side, bad and wicked on its practical side,
was known only to a small number of Israel. Most
honest Jews, occupied with their daily affairs, and
their patriarchal customs, although not loving the
Saviour of the World and His Church, had no
penchant for, nor pleasure in, this commerce with
the Cabal and with magic."

Owing to the strict watch kept by the Church
and by the Christian monarchs, it was difficult, if

46 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

not impossible, to establish relations between the
Hebrew Cabal and the secret societies. Moreover,
an Albigeois or a Templar would have been too
proud to call a Jew his companion in arms — and in
mysteries.

But with the eighteenth century things changed
for the worst. The various secret societies con-
centrated in Freemasonry and became democratic
and universal. The Convention of Wilhelmsbaden
was their Grand Hall of Reunion.

How far did Judaism participate? L6mann
answers this question. In 1754, he says, a Por-
tuguese Jew, named Martinez Paschalis, had
founded in France a sect, based on the Cabal, under
the name of the Order of Cohens (a Hebrew word)
or Priests. After his death the famous Saint-
Martin had developed the sect, which spread from
Paris and Lyons as far as Russia. Its sectaries
were then called Martinists, or French Illuminfes.

Such was the preface of the liaison positive be-
tween Judaism and the secret societies.

It was a disturbing apparition — says L6mann —
this union between this perverted Judaism and
these degraded societies. For the one seemed to
say to the other: "Tomorrow you will be with
me, my plans will be your plans."

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 47

L6mann proceeds to describe "this little battal-
ion of advanced Jews" — Moses Mendelssohn, who
took the delicate r61e of conciliator between Jews
and Christians; Wilhelm Dohm, a Prussian official,
who utilized the arguments of Rousseau for the
emancipation of the Jews ; the banker, Cerfbeer,
who undertook singlehanded to break down the
Jewish pale of Strasbourg — to these men came
Mirabeau, the Gentile Revolutionary and Free-
mason.

In the work on Masonic ritual in America,
prepared by Albert Pike, an interesting passage
in a supplementary note to the Fourteenth Degree
deplores the springing up of "a dissident Masonry,
opposed to the orthodox," to which schism are
ascribed "the greatest calamities of the French
Revolution," and, in an attempt to vindicate the
ideals of "orthodox" Masonry, the passage con-
tinues:

"We shall perhaps be asked how if Masonry
is so sublime and so holy, it could have been pro-
scribed and so often condemned by the Church?
We have replied to this question in speaking of
the schisms and profanations of Masonry. . . .
Masonry has not only been profaned, but it has
even served as a veil and pretext for the plottings

48 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

of anarchy, by the secret influence of the avengers
of Jacques de Molai. . . . The Anarchists have
retaken the Rule, the Square and the Mallet, and
written on them 'Liberty, Equality, Fraternity.'
That is to say. Liberty for the covetous to plunder,
Equality for the basest, and Fraternity to destroy. "

Such protestations of sorrow from "orthodox"
Freemasons of the Red Orders may or may not be
genuine. We do not take it upon ourselves to
judge. The hope of a more profitable inquiry lies,
we fancy, in another direction: to what precisely
does the above passage refer? Like all Masonic
writing, it is enigmatical, and it would be a mistake
to give it a too narrow and Hteral interpretation.
Two points are clear, however. The "dissident"
Masons are charged with using Masonry "as a veil
and pretext for the plottings of anarchy," and
these plottings are held in real, or assumed, ab-
horrence by the "orthodox" Masons. Let us see
if we can discover the historical origin of this
schism.

In the year 1761, a certain Stephen Morin was
invested by the Grand Consistory of Sublime
Princes of the Royal Secret in Paris with power to
carry the Rite of Perfection to America. Among
those who signed the paper was the Duke of

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 49

Chartres, afterwards the Duke of Orleans, "Philip
figalit6, " Grand Master both of the Grand Orient
and the Templars, and Morin himself is described
as a Grand Perfect Elect and Past Sublime Master,
etc., of all orders of Masonry. Now it has been
stated that Morin was a Jew, but the Jewish En-
cyclopcBdia, in its article on Freemasonry, says
that this point is in doubt. What is certain is that
when Morin arrived in America he gave powers to
a number of deputies who certainly were Jews.
Thus, for example, his deputy inspector, Henry
Francken, appointed Moses M. Hayes at Boston,
and Hayes in his turn made Brother Da Costa
deputy inspector-general for South Carolina,
Solomon Bush deputy for Pennsylvania, and
B. M. Spitzer deputy for Georgia. In 1783, Da
Costa established in Charleston a Sublime Grand
Lodge of Perfection ; a Council of Princes of Jerusalem
was also constituted, and also a Coundl of Knights
Kadosch. In 1786, Charleston received the Grand
Constitution from Germany, and in 1801 a Con-
vention was held to form a Supreme Council of the
Thirty-third Degree of the Ancient and Accepted
Scottish Rite. In those various institutions, such
Jews as Meyers, Spitzer, John Mitchell, and
Frederick Dalcho were prominent, and although

50 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

the Jewish Encyclopcsdia alleges that the Jews
were not in control of the movement, and were not
in the highest degrees, it is quite evident from the
names in the original proceedings that in the
creation of these Charleston institutions Jewish
influence was either supreme or very strong.

In the year 1896 there appeared in Paris a
curious publication called Le Diable au XIX'
Sibcle. It was an attack upon Freemasonry, and
came out in parts, illustrated with grotesque and
repulsive engravings. The name on the title-page
is Dr. Bataille, but it is stated in the British
Museum Catalogue that the real authors were
Gabriel Jogand-Pag^s and Charles Hacks. The
book, with evident knowledge and a show of
authority, set out to trace the connection between
Freemasonry and revolutions, but its sensational-
ism and the extremely doubtful character of some
of the documents produced brought it into dis-
repute. It is now forgotten, and yet it contains a
good deal that can be verified from other sources,
and some things also which seem to be verified by
recent events. In particular there is a letter — or
an alleged letter — said to have been written by
Albert Pike, the "Sovereign Pontiff of Universal
Freemasonry, " assisted by the Ten Ancients of

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 51

the Grand Lodge of the Supreme Orient at Charles-
ton, to "the very illustrious brother" Giuseppe
Mazzini. This letter is dated (in Masonic style)
August 15, 1871, and sets forth an anti-clerical
policy which Mazzini is to follow in Italy. The
measures proposed, including secular education,
the expulsion of the religious orders, and so forth,
need not detain us. What is to our purpose occurs
towards the end of the letter, on page 605 (vol. ii.).
The writer explains that owing to the working out
of this policy the Pope may be driven at some
future time out of Italy, and that established
religion wiU then find its last refuge in Russia.
And the letter proceeds :

"That is why, when the autocratic Empire of
Russia wiU have become the citadel of Papal
Christianity (adonaisme papiste), we shall imchain
the revolutionary NihiUsts and Atheists, and we
shall provoke a formidable social cataclysm, which
win demonstrate clearly to the nations, in all its
horror, the effect of absolute unbelief, mother of
savagery and of the most bloody disorder. Then,
everyTvhere, the citizens, obliged to defend them-
selves against the mad minority of revolutionaries,
wiU exterminate these destroyers of civilization,
and the multitude, disillusioned of Christianity,
whose deist soul will up to that moment be without

52 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

compass, thirsting for an ideal, but not knowing
where to bestow their worship, will receive the
True Light, by the universal manifestation of the
pure Luciferian doctrine, at last made public, a
manifestation which will arise from the general
movement of reaction following the destruction of
Atheism and Christianity, both at the same time
vanquished and exterminated."

Now this letter is at least as old as 1896 (if it is
a forgery) ; if it is genuine, it is as old as 187 1. It
must therefore be considered remarkable, whether
as a forgery or as a genuine document. For it
predicts what has happened in Russia, and it
claims for its authors that they were preparing to
bring about what has happened.

If we compare more closely the words of the
Masonic letter with what has actually happened
in Russia, we cannot but see how close is the
correspondence between the threats and the
reality :

The Masonic Letter. Mr. Churchill's

... we shall unchain the Description.

revolutionary Nihilists and ... in the same way that you
atheists, and we shall provoke might send a phial ... to
a formidable social cataclysm tear to pieces every institution

. . . horror . . . savagery long internal terrors . . .

the most bloody disorder. menaced by famine . . . suffer-

ings more fearful than modem
records hold.

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 53

Whatever explaxiation we may incline to give,
we must at least allow that it is a document which
is very difficult to explain. And there is this much
to be said in support of it — that Mazzini certainly
was connected (as we shall see) with the birth
of that movement of "Revolutionary Nihilism"
called the International.

One thing is certain: the motive suggested by
Albert Pike for the destruction of Russia is not
adequate. The cult of Adonaism, whatever that
may be, and the hypothesis that the Pope might
take refuge in Russia, would never have driven a
body of conspirators to plot the destruction of
Russia. But if the Charleston Lodge was, as it is
generally supposed to be, very largely Jewish in
origin and control, the motive becomes intelligible;
it would lie in the hatred of the political Jew both
for Russia and for Christianity.

CHAPTER V

The intelligent reader may have surmised from
our last chapter that Albert Pike's enigmatical
passage may have had some connection with the
founding of the International.

The history of that remarkable movement takes
us back to the agitation which preceded the stormy
years of 1848 and 1849. Benjamin Disraeli, in his
Coningsby, written in 1844, testified beforehand
that "that mighty Revolution which is at this
moment preparing in Germany, and which will be,
in fact, a second and greater Reformation, and of
which so little is yet known in England, is develop-
ing entirely under the auspices of Jews."

And Disraeli was at least so far right that the
two ablest heads in that movement were Jewish —
Ferdinand Lassalle and Karl Marx.

Now as to these two men, there is one very re-
markable coincidence which has never before been
noticed. They were not only Jews ; but they both,
in their youth, dedicated their lives to revenge.

54

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 55

Ferdinand Lassalle (or Lassal) was bom of
Jewish parents at Breslau on April 11, 1825. In
Breslau, it should be explained, the Jews were not
emancipated until 1843. In his youth he kept a
diary, and that diary (for the years 1 840-1) was
afterwards published by Paul Lindau.

In that diary (on February i, 1840) Lassalle
writes : " I think I am one of the best Jews in exist-
ence, although I disregard the ceremonial law.
I could, like the Jew in Bulwer's Leila, risk my life
to deliver the Jews from their present crushing
condition." He speaks of his childish dream "to
make the Jews armed — I at their head — ^free. "
And on July 30, 1840, commenting on certain
accusations of ritual murder then being made
against the Jews, he says :

"... the time will soon be at hand when
we, in very deed, will help ourselves with Christian
blood. Aide-toi et le del t'aidera. The dice are
ready: it only depends upon the player."

So far LassaUe. Let us now turn to Marx.

In his Karl Marx, His Life and Work, John
Spargo says that the true patronymic of the family
seems to have been Mordechai. Mordechai, a
grandfather of Karl Marx, was a rabbi: "one of a

56 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

long line of rabbis, unbroken from the sixteenth
century until his son Heinrich, father of Karl
Marx, adopted law instead of religion for a career.
On his mother's side, also, Karl Marx had a long
hne of rabbinical ancestors." But in 1824, when
Karl was six years old, Heinrich and his wife
suddenly embraced Christianity, and they with
their children were baptized. Mr. Spargo tries to
make out that Heinrich forsook Judaism as a
matter of conviction, but we can hardly credit
such an explanation, and for the following reasons:
At the time Heinrich adopted Christianity the
Jews in the Rhine Province (the Marxes Uved in
Trier) were subject to extortion and mild persecu-
tion at the hands of the Prussian officials. The
Code Napoleon of March 17, 1808, had been
issued provisionally for a period of only ten years,
and fixed the status of the Jews in the Rhine
Province; and Heinrich Marx was a convinced
disciple of that enemy of Christianity, Voltaire.
Moreover, Liebknecht, long the intimate associate
of Karl Marx, and himself a Jew and a revolu-
tionary, says in his Memoirs that the acceptance
of Christianity by the parents was compulsory,
that it was due to an official edict by the Prussian
Government compelling all Jews holding official

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 57

positions or engaged in the learned professions to
forgo these or formally renounce Judaism. The
same writer says that the boy Karl felt keenly this
insult to his race, of which he was so proud, and
that "his whole life was a reply and a revenge."

Spargo and other biographers of Karl Marx
naturally do not accept this explanation of their
hero's activities, and do their best to discredit
Liebknecht. But the story, despite their efforts,
is, as we have seen, historically credible.

Here then we have a motive hitherto unsus-
pected by those Gentiles who follow the Red
Banner — the motive of destroying the Christian
nations in revenge for the wrongs of Judaism.

But to proceed. Karl Marx succeeded, by
September 28, 1864, in founding the International
Working Men's Association — inaugurated at St.
Martin's Hall in London. In organizing this
movement, Marx had considerable trouble with
Giuseppe Mazzini, who had himself organized the
Italian Working Men's Association, and desired to
control the movement. Mazzini prepared a draft
address, and presented it to the General Council
of the International; but it was turned down in
favour of another written by Marx, in much the
same terms as the famous Manifesto.. Mazzini

58 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

thereupon withdrew from the International, and
for the rest of his life was a bitter opponent of
Marx.

But Karl Marx was now to encounter a more
formidable opponent than Mazzini. Michail
Bakunin has been called the Russian Revolution-
ary Lion. He was, in fact, a Slav, and his gospel
was a curious mixture of pan-Slavism and An-
archy. Part of his plan was to organize a great
Slav Power to include all the Slav elements of
Europe, and with this engine he designed to
destroy not only the Russian Empire, but the
German and Austrian Empires as weU.

Now, we have no means of discovering the real
motive behind these ideas. But that the inspira-
tion was at least as much that of race as of class is
evident. Bakunin bitterly denounced Karl Marx
and his "clique of Jews"; Karl Marx as bitterly
denounced Bakunin's pan-Slavism.

Can it be that the fight between Socialist and
Anarchist veiled and covered another fight more
fierce and instinctive — ^between Slav and Jew?
Certain it is that Karl Marx's immediate plans did
not include the destruction of the Gerrnan Empire.
Marx, despite his exile, had certain connections
with the Prussian Government, and he used all his

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 59

influence in the International movement to weaken
France and strengthen Germany in the Franco-
Prussian War. But to return to the conflict.

Bakunin became a member of the International
by joining the Branche Romane at Geneva. He
immediately began his campaign to secure control
of the entire movement. He formed within the
International the Alliance de la Democratie So-
cialiste, with a programme of its own and branches
throughout Europe. When Marx got wind of this
plot, he got the General Council of the Inter-
national to denoimce the Alliance as a scheme for
disrupting the International. Bakunin capitulated,
dissolved the Alliance, but immediately reor-
ganized its branches as branches of the Interna-
tional! Marx said nothing, but at the Basle
Congress of 1869 he got his friend Eccarius to
propose that the Congress should give the General
Council the power to expel any section contraven-
ing the principles of the association. To every-
body's astonishment, Bakunin supported the
motion. He thought that his supporters at the
Congress outnumbered those of Marx, but he was
wrong. He had still a long way to go before he
finally overthrew his rival.

"Taking advantage," says Mr. John Spargo, in

6o THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

his Life of Karl Marx, "of the situation in Europe
which resulted from the Franco-Prussian War and
the Paris Commune, Bakunin went on building up
his separate organization, the AUiance, especially
in Italy and Spain. . . . Many of those who
joined the Alliance had no idea that they were
being used by Bakunin as a means of injuring the
International." The struggle came to a head in
September, 1872, when the International Congress
met at The Hague. Marx had, at first, not in-
tended to be present, but Bakunin had let it be
known that he would attend for the purpose of
"exposing Marx and his clique." Marx and
Engels accepted the challenge. After a five days'
word battle they routed Bakunin and prevented
him from capturing the International, but to save
their society from further molestation, they de-
cided to remove their headquarters to New York.
In 1876, the International was formally dissolved
at a meeting held in Philadelphia.

These conflicts remain obscure; but they at
least suggest an explanation of Albert Pike's
enigmatical passage: "Masonry has not only been
profaned; but it has served as a veil and a pretext
for the plottings of Anarchy, by the secret influence
of the avengers of Jacques de Molai."

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 6l

Hithaito we have explored a dim subterranean
twilight region by the candlelight of hints and
surmises. We have not attempted to prove any-
thing in the strict or even in the historical sense
of that much abused word. No, we have merely
attempted to indicate the probability of an or-
ganization of a secret order — a "terrible sect" —
working for revolution in the world, and the other
probability that this sect is controlled by Hebraic
conspirators — not indeed orthodox Jews: — ^who as-
pire to the dominion of the world.

That idea is not too vaguely indicated in a very
remarkable passage of a book from which we have
already quoted, the Abbe Joseph Lemann's L'En-
trie des Israelites dans la Societe frangaise, which
was published in 1886. There is a plan, says
Lemann — apian "d'enfer" —

"to disorganize at one blow Christian society,
and the beliefs and customs of the Jews, then with
this double organization to bring about a state of
things where, religiously speaking, there will be
neither Christian nor Jew, but only men stripped
of divinity, and where, politically speaking, the
Christian will become, if not the slave, at least the
inferior of the Jew, the master. ... At the hour
in which we hold the pen we see this plan un-

62 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

rolling itself in sombre horizons and great fune-
real lines."

Now what does this passage suggest? It sug-
gests that there is some formidable secret organiza-
tion, some terrible sect, controlled and directed by
Jews for the destruction of our present social order.
It suggests also that these Jews are not orthodox
Jews, but Jews who have freed themselves from the
faith of their ancestors. And it suggests further
that the design of these people is not merely
anarchy but to create a world domination in which
these infidel Jews are masters, and in which the
Christian peoples are, if not their slaves, at least
their inferiors.

Here, again, however, we are moving in a world
of shadows, hints, and surmises, of "sombre hori-
zons and funereal lines." The man of the world,
who believes in nothing except what he finds
proved, and who refuses to consider anything but
a clear and precise statement, may be inclined to
dismiss this passage as mere moonshine.

But now we are to emerge suddenly from
shadows and moonshine into a fierce blaze of light.
For we have now to consider a document which
professes to set forth fully and plainly the plan of

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 63

campaign of this "formidable sect" for the de-
struction of the social order. Let us now consider
what this document is.

In the year 1903 a Russian, Serge Nilus, pub-
lished a book entitled The Great in Little. The
second edition, which was published at Tsarskoe
Selo in 1905, had an additional chapter, the twelfth,
under the heading "Anti-Christ as a Near Political
Possibility." This chapter consisted of some
twenty pages of introduction followed by the text
of twenty-four "Protocols of Meetings of the
Learned Elders of Zion, " and the book ends with
some twenty pages of commentaries on these pro-
tocols by Nilus.

Directly after the protocols, comes a statement
by Nilus that they are "signed by representatives
of Zion of the thirty-third degree. These protocols
were secretly extracted (or were stolen) from a
whole volume of protocols. All this was got by
my correspondent out of the secret depositories of
the Head Chancellery of Zion. This Chancellery
is at present on French territory." An English
translation of these protocols has now been pub-
lished (Eyre and Spottiswoode, 2s. 6d. net). This
translation, which we have compared with the
Russian 1905 edition in the British Museum, is

64 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

substantially correct, but in a work of such impor-
tance we have preferred to use our own translation.

Now the contention of Nilus is that these proto-
cols are the plans of a secret organization or govern-
ment of Jewry for the return of this organization
or government to Zion, and for the government of
the whole world by a Jewish dispensation. This
plan, Nilus asserts, is not of yesterday but has been
developed through many ages. What is usually
understood by the Zionist movement, initiated at
Basle in 1897, was not, it is said, a modem de-
velopment of Jewry, but an indiscreet revelation
of part of a plan long entertained. For that reason
— i.e., that the Zionist movement was a revelation
to the world of secret designs — it was not regarded
with favour by the real leaders nor by certain great
Jewish capitalists. That indiscretion was com-
mitted by the impetuous Dr. Theodor Hertzl, a
Vienna journalist and dramatic critic, who ener-
getically brought forward to a world-wide public
certain age-old plans of these secret leaders of
Jewry.

The symbolism of the snake, says Nilus, typifies
a coiling and encircling movement by which "all
Europe, and through Europe all the rest of the
world, by the use of all forms of force, by wars of

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 65

conquest, and by economic pressure, will be sub-
jected to the influence of Jewry." "All the
States, " says Nilus, ' ' passed over by the symbolic
snake, not excluding Germany, with her apparent
might, are in reality undermined by constitutional
Liberalism and economic derangement. On the
economic side, England and Germany are still
spared, but only until such time as the irrevocable
conquest of Russia, towards which all energies are
now concentrated, has been accomplished. . . .
Constantinople is the eighth and last stage towards
Jerusalem."

We have said that this document flashes a blaze
of light, and so it does, but whether this document
is genuine or not, whether the blaze of light is
true or false, can only be judged by internal evi-
dence and probabilities. We may say at once that
Nilus advances nothing in the nature of real
evidence to prove the document, and that his
account of how it came into his hands consists of
assertion only, without evidence to support it.
We can only say that if the document is not
genuine it is a very extraordinary forgery, since it
predicts with certainty not only the fact but the
manner and mechanism of a great revolution before
the event. Moreover, it says before the event that

66 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

this destruction will be carried out by a Jewish
organization — a formidable sect — and such evi-
dence as we have of the Russian Revolution
confirms this prediction.

Thus, for example, Lieutenant-Colonel Malone,
the Member of Parliament who went on a friendly-
visit to the Bolsheviks and returned in the latter
part of 1919 to England, stated in the House of
Commons on November 5th: "It is said openly
that the Soviet Government is a Government of
the Jews. Why, there are not in Lenin's Cabinet
as many Jews or crypto-Jews as there are in any
other Cabinet in Europe. There is only one —
Trotsky. Of course, there are Jews in control in
Russia. There are Jews behind the commissars, and
there is no doubt that in Russia at this time the
Jews are not subject to those horrible persecutions
which they have endured for countless ages."
And this is supported by numerous Christian
refugees from Russia, who all assert that the chief
actors in the Revolution are Jewish, and that the
Jewish bourgeoisie have been spared by the
revolutionaries.

Here, then, are two very remarkable pieces of
corroborative evidence: first, that the document
was published before the event which it predicted,

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 67

and, second, that those whom it states to be the
conspirators are afterwards found to be the prin-
cipal agents of the Revolution. We shall not begin
the examination of the document itself at this
stage of our inquiry, but we shall content oiu'-
selves merely with a quotation from Disraeli's
novel Coningsby, which is well worth reading over
again in the Hght of recent happenings. Those who
know the novel will remember the mysterious
character Sidonia, who describes himself as a
Spanish Jew and an international power. He tells
Coningsby how his ancestors had settled in Aragon
before the Moorish invasion, how they had been
persecuted and had adopted the veil of Chris-
tianity, remaining Jews in secret, how they had
betrayed Spain to the Moors, and how they had
again been persecuted when Ferdinand and Isa-
bella re-established Christian domination, how
they had again disguised themselves as Christians,
but how as soon as their descendants had reached
England, he had set up the Mosaic altar. He refers
to his tutor, RebeUo — ' ' a Jesuit before the Revolu-
tion, since then an exiled Liberal leader, now a
member of the Spanish Cortes; RebeUo was always
a Jew." He refers also to "the subterranean
agency of which the world in general knows so

68 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

little, but which exercises so great an influence on
public events." And he proceeds, "You never
observe a great intellectual movement in Europe
in which the Jews do not greatly participate. The
first Jesuits were Jews; that mysterious Russian
diplomacy which so alarms Western Europe is
organized and practically carried on by Jews ; that
mighty Revolution which is at this moment pre-
paring in Germany, and which will be in fact a
second and greater Reformation, and of which so
Uttle is yet known in England, is developing en-
tirely under the auspices of Jews."

CHAPTER VI

We have given some account of the extraordinary
document printed by the Russian Nilus in the year
1905 as an appendix to his book. That document
consists of twenty-four protocols, running to about
thirty thousand words. In form, as we have said,
it takes the shape of a series of lectures "at the
meetings of the learned elders of Zion." The
lecturer speaks sometimes as if the initiates whom
he was addressing were the secret government of
the Jews and sometimes as if they were the heads
of a Jewish Masonic organization. The general
object of the conspiracy which the protocols dis-
cussed is the government of the world by a king of
the blood of David. How that end is to be secured
we shall see as we proceed, and we gather that
Masonry is used by the organization as a cloak and
a veil. Thus, for example, in Protocol 4 we find
the passage:

"Who and what is in a position to overthrow
an invisible force? And this is precisely what our

69

70 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

force is. Exterior Masonry blindly serves as a
screen for us and our objects, but the plan of
action of our force, even its very abiding-place,
remain for the whole people an unknown mystery."

But here we come to a very clear distinction.
The speaker constantly refers with infinite con-
tempt to what he calls the goyim or Gentiles, the
Christian and non-Je-nish peoples of the world;
and he mentions an inner or Jewish Masonry, the
true governing power, and an outer or Gentile
Masonry, which bUndly follows the lead of a
direction it does not suspect. Thus, for example,
in Protocol 1 1 :

"For what purpose, then, have we invented this
whole policy and insinuated it into the minds of
the goyim (Gentiles) without giving them any
chance to examine its under Ijnng meaning? For
what, indeed, if not to obtain in a roundabout way
what is for our scattered tribes unattainable by a
direct road? It is this which has served as the
basis for our organization of secret Masonry, which
is unknown to, and has aims which are not even so
much as suspected by, these g03'twi-cattle, at-
tracted by us into the 'show* army of Masonic
Lodges in order to throw dust into the eyes of their
fellows."

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 71

When at last the final Revolution comes,
Masonry is to be brought to an end as having
served its purpose. "Those Gentile Masons who
know too much" are either to be banished or kept
under constant fear of exile. In the meantime,
Masonry is to be organized and directed as a
weapon against Church and State in accordance
with their plan.

This plan is not new. It is followed from genera-
tion to generation. Thus, for example, in Protocol
I we find :

"Before us is a plan in which is laid down
strategically the line from which we cannot deviate
without running the risk of seeing the labour of
many centuries brought to nought."

In pursuance of this plan they brought about
the French Revolution. "Far back in ancient
times," says the first protocol, "we were the first
to cry among the masses of the people the words
'Liberty, Equality, Fraternity.'"

"In all comers of the earth, the words 'Liberty,
Equality, Fraternity ' brought to our ranks, thanks
to our blind agents, whole legions who bore our
banners with enthusiasm. And all the time these
ysrords were cankerworms at work boring into the

72 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

well-being of the goyim, putting an end every-
where to peace, quiet, soHdarity, and destroying
all the foundations of the goyim States. As you
will see later, this helped us to our triumph : it gave
us the possibility, among other things of getting
into our hands the master card — the destruction of
the privileges, or, in other words, of the very exist-
ence of the aristocracy of the goyim, that class
which was the only defence peoples and countries
had against us. On the ruins of the natural and
genealogical aristocracy of the goyim, we have set
up the aristocracy of our educated class, headed by
the aristocracy of money. The qualifications for
this aristocracy we have established in wealth,
which is dependent upon us, and in knowledge, for
which our learned elders provide the motive force."

And, again, we find in Protocol 3 a definite claim :

"Remember the French Revolution, to which it
was we who gave the name of ' Great. ' The secrets
of its preparation are well known to us, for it was
wholly the work of our hands."

But not only does the speaker claim for his
organization the authorship of the French Revo-
lution. He states also that the liberal and consti-
tutional movements which have agitated Europe
and have weakened the authority of government

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 73

have been set going in the same way and for the
same purpose.

' ' The word ' Liberty ' brings out the communities
of men to fight against every kind of force, against
every kind of authority, even against God and the
laws of nature. For this reason we, when we come
into our kingdom, shall have to erase this word
from the lexicon of life as implying a principle of
brute force which turned mobs into blood-thirsty
beasts."

He boasts that by means of Liberalism and
Constitutionalism they had destroyed the power
of Kings, and especially of the aristocracy, to
protect the people. ' ' The people, "he Says, ' ' under
our guidance, have annihilated the aristocracy,
who were their one and only defence and foster-
mother, for the advantage of the aristocracy is
inseoarably bound up with the well-being of the
people." The result of the destruction of the aris-
tocracy is that the people have fallen into the grip
of merciless money-getting scoundrels who have
laid a pitiless yoke upon the neck of the workers.

Having effected so much by Liberalism they
then come forward as "saviours of the worker,"
and propose to the workers that they should ' ' enter
the ranks of our fighting forces — Socialists. An-

74 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

archists, Communists, to whom we always give
support."

Besides these secret powers, the organization
has another power, the power of gold. "In our
hands is the greatest power of our day — gold. In
two days we can procure from our storehouses any
quantity we please."

With command of capital the organization has
the power to create financial and industrial crises,
and as a means of bringing off the last and greatest
revolution there is to be a great financial crisis
which wUl reduce the workers to the verge of
starvation and make them ripe for the most des-
perate acts.

"We shall raise the rate of wages, which, how-
ever, wiU not bring any advantage to the workers,
for at the same time we shall produce a rise in
prices of the first necessaries of life."

"In order that the true meaning of things may
not strike the Gentiles before the proper time, we
shall mask it under an alleged ardent desire to
serve the working classes, and the great principles
of political economy about which our economic
theorists are carrying on an energetic propaganda."

We have given a general account of these proto-
cols published by Nilus m 1905. Let us now ex-

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 75

amine them more in detail. The first protocol
begins, as it were, in the middle of a sentence:

"... Putting aside fine phrases, we shall speak
of the significance of each thought : by comparisons
and deductions we shall throw light upon surround-
ing facts. ... It must be noted that men with
bad instincts are more in number than the good,
and therefore the best results in governing them
are attained by violence and terror, and not by
academic discussions."

After the assertion that every man aims at
power and most would sacrifice the general good
for their own welfare, there follows the statement :

"Political freedom is an idea but not a fact.
This idea one must know how to use as a bait to
attract the masses of the people so as to crush
those in authority. This task is the easier if the
opponent himself has been infected with the idea
of Liberty or Liberalism, and for the sake of an
idea is willing to yield some of his power. It is
precisely here that the triumph of our theory
appears: the slackened reins of government are
immediately, by the law of life, caught up and
gathered together by a new hand, because the
blind might of the nation cannot for a single day
exist without guidance and the new authority

76 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

merely fits into the place of the old already weak-
ened by LiberaUsm."

The lecturer points out that this doctrine is no
more immoral than the doctrine of foreign war,
that "the political has nothing in common with
the moral, " that frankness and honesty are vices
in politics, "for they bring down rulers from their
thrones more certainly than the most powerful
enemy, " and that right lies in force.

"In any state in which there is a bad organiza-
tion of authority, an impersonality of laws and of
rulers who have lost their personality amid the
flood of rights that are multiplying out of Liberal-
ism I find a new right — to attack by the right of
the strong and to scatter to the winds all existing
forces of order and regulation, to reconstruct all
institutions, and to become the sovereign lord of
those who have left to us the rights of their power
by laj^ng them down voluntarily in their Liberal-
ism. Our power in the present tottering of all
forms of power will be more invincible than any
other, because it will remain invisible until the
moment when it has gained such strength that no
cunning can any longer undermine it."

There follows a justification of "the programme
of violence and make-believe," and of the use of

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 77

"bribery, deceit, and treachery" to attain good
ends. We read of the absurdity of the cry of
EquaUty, since "Nature herself has estabUshed
inequality of minds, of characters, and of capacities,
just as immutably as she has established subordi-
nation to her laws."

The true strength of the dynastic rule, it is
argued, was "that the father passed on to the son
a knowledge of the course of political affairs in such
wise that none should know it but members of the
dynasty, and none could betray it to the governed."
This secret "of the political" was lost, and this
loss "aided the success of our cause."

"The abstraction of liberty has enabled us to
persuade the mob in all countries that their gov-
ernment is nothing but a steward of the people,
who are the owners of the country, and that the
steward may be replaced like a worn-out glove. "

"It is this possibility of replacing the repre-
sentatives of the people which has placed them at
our disposal, and, as it were, given us the power of
appointment."

Such is the cynical philosophy propounded in
the first protocol. The second protocol begins
with a reference to the value of economic wars,
which place the Gentiles in the conspirators'

78 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

hands. It speaks also of their international agents
with their "millions of eyes ever on the watch";
it boasts that "we shall choose from among the
public administrators with strict regard to their
capacities for servile obedience"; that these per-
sons will not be trained in the arts of government,
and that therefore they will easily become "pawns
in OUT game — in the hands of our men of learning
and genius, bred and reared from early childhood
to rule the affairs of the whole world."

The second protocol ends with the boast that
"the Press has fallen into our hands"; and again,
"through the Press we have gained a power to
influence while remaining ourselves in the shade."

Thus these two opening protocols express a
philosophy of government more cynical than
Machiavelli's, and they make also the disturbing
claim that Liberalism and Modernism, if not
created by the Jews, have been used by them as
the means of misleading Christian nations and
destroying their power of self-defence.

CHAPTER VII

The third protocol opens with these very remark-
able words: "Today I may tell you that our goal
is now only a few steps off. There remains a smaU
space to cross, and the long path we have trodden
is ready to close in circle of the Snake by which we
symbolize our people. When this ring closes all the
States of Europe wiU be locked in its coils as in a
vice.

"The constitutional scales of these days will
shortly break down, for we have given them a
certain lack of accurate balance in order that they
may oscillate incessantly until they wear through
the pivot on which they turn. The goyim believe
that they have made them sufficiently strong, and
keep on expecting that the scales will come into
equilibrium. But the pivot, the kings on their
thrones, are hemmed in by their representatives,
who play the fool, distraught with their own un-
controlled and irresponsible power. This power
they owe to the terror which has breathed into the
palaces. . . . We have made a gulf between the

79

8o THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

far-seeing Sovereign Power and the blind force of
the people, so that both have lost all meaning, for,
like the blind man and the stick, both are powerless
apart."

After boasting of the means by which the "elders
of Zion " have instilled class hatred into the people,
the protocol continues:

"This hatred will be stiU further magnified by
the effect of an economic crisis, which will stop
dealings on the exchanges and bring industry to a
standstill. We shall create by all the secret sub-
terranean methods open to us, and with the aid of
gold, which is all in our hands, a universal economic
crisis, whereby we shall throw upon the streets
whole mobs of workers simultaneously in all the
countries of Europe. These mobs will rush with
delight and shed the blood of those whom, in the
simplicity of their ignorance, they have envied
from their cradles, and whose property they will
then be able to loot.

' ' Ours they will not touch, because the moment
of attack will be known to us, and we shall take
measures to protect our own."

Such, then, is the plan of the "elders of Zion,"
and in the succeeding protocols they elaborate the
means by which it is to be brought about. Thus,
for example, by attack upon religion :

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 8i

"It is indispensable for us to undermine all
faith, tear out of the minds of the goyim the very
principle of Godhead and the Spirit, and to put in
its place arithmetical calculations and material
needs."

There are several passages which seem to suggest
the League of Nations, as, for example:

"By all these means we shall so wear down the
goyim that they will be compelled to offer us inter-
national power of such a nature as will enable us
without any violence gradually to absorb aU the
great forces of the world and to form a super-
government. In place of the rulers of today we
shall set up a bogey which will be called the Super-
Government Administration. Its tentacles will
reach out in all directions and its organization wiU
be so colossal as to subdue all the nations of the
world."

Education, politics, law, the theatre, are aU
discussed as means of creating revolutions, and
throughout there breathes a spirit of almost in-
describable hate for the Christian nations, as, for
example, in such a sentence as this, from Protocol
II : — "The goyim are a flock of sheep and we are
their wolves."

But it is only fair to say of this extraordinary

82 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

document that while half of it is devoted to the
destruction of the present order, the latter half of
the document gives an outline of a new order, an
order of world government in the hands of the
sect.

These "elders of Zion" are by no means anar-
chists. On the contrary, they make it quite clear
that they only use anarchy as a means to an end,
and that they thoroughly believe in the natural
divisions of society into classes and in the benefits
of a strong Government. The Government is not
to be a free Government — they propose, indeed, to
erase the very word of liberty from the languages
of the world — nor will it permit equality of races.
The Gentile "cattle" are to work for their Jewish
masters without any hope of liberation. But it is
to be a just and orderly Government. Great atten-
tion is given to the reform of the law and of the
judiciary. The King is to be very carefully chosen
from among the descendants of the Royal House of
David. If he shows weakness or vice he is to be
replaced by another, and everything is to be done
to make him popular with the people. Of the
value of prestige the lecturer makes a special study,
and there are detailed instructions as to the use of
the Press and the organization of the police.

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 83

The system of education is calculated to wipe
out of the minds of the goyim any recollections of
their former state. In religion atheism is only to
be tolerated during the time of revolution ; when it
has done its work, the Jewish religion is to be es-
tablished as the universal faith. By such means
the speaker believes that they will be able to pro-
duce a tranquil world:

"The errors of the Gentile Governments will
be depicted by us in the most vivid hues. We shall
implant such an abhorrence of them that the
peoples will prefer tranquillity in a state of serfdom
to those rights of vaunted freedom which have
tortured humanity and exhausted the very sources
of human existence. . . . Useless changes of
forms of government to which we instigated the
goyim when we were undermining their State
structures will have so wearied the peoples by that
time that they will prefer to suffer anything under
us rather than run the risk of enduring again
all the agitations and miseries they have gone
through." (Protocol No. 14.)

The final protocols become ecstatic in their
enthusiasm for the new order. Before it comes
they are to sweep away all those forces of anarchy
and revolutionary Masonry by which they have

84 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

prepared its entrance, so that in its path be left
"no knot, no spHnter." And again:

"Then will it be possible for us to say to the
peoples of the world : Give thanks to God and bow
the knee before him who bears on his front the seal
of the predestination of man, to whom God him-
self has led His star that none other except him
might free us from all the before-mentioned forces
and evils."

The following internal evidence is available as
to the authenticity of the protocols. We know
about Serge Nilus, who gave them to the world,
little more than that he was a Russian of good
family and repute. He may be alive or he may be
dead. As to his comments on the protocols and
his account of how he came to print them, we have
no evidence beyond his own word that he is telling
the truth.

There is, however, one undoubted fact upon
which to build, and that is the date at which these
protocols were given to the world. Fortunately
that is set beyond doubt by the existence of a copy
of the 1905 edition in the British Museum.

From what we can gather from Russians who
have sought refuge in this country, the book made

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 85

little or no impression when it appeared. Some of
them allege that the whole edition except a few
copies was bought up by the Russian Jews, but it is,
of course, impossible to prove such an allegation.
It is certain that the warning contained in these
protocols was disregarded — their significance was
not suspected. It was only when the Revolution
fulfilled them in spirit and in letter that their
importance was realized. And now they are in the
mouth of every Russian. They all believe them
genuine, by evidence which they at least regard as
unassailable. "The proof of the pudding lies in
the eating."

As to the date on which the protocols were de-
livered we have the assertion of Nilus that they
were known to the Zionist Congress at Basle.
That Congress brings us to the date 1897. But
there is no evidence in the document that its
authors have any concern with the Zionist move-
ment ; indeed, their project of a universal domina-
tion might appear to render Zionism unnecessary.

From one bombastic reference to the possibility
of blowing up the capitals of Europe by laying
mines in the underground railways we see that the
document is, at all events, modern. There is
besides one reference to a living European states-

86 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

man, a statesman prominently concerned with
Freemasonry, secular education, and the League
of Nations, who is described as "one of our best
agents." There is also this curious reference:

"In order that our scheme may produce this
result we shall arrange elections in favour of such
presidents as have in their past some dark undis-
covered stain, some 'Panama' or other . . . then
they will be trustworthy agents for the accom-
plishment of our plans out of fear of revelations."

The first Panama Company, it may be re-
membered, became bankrupt in 1889, and the
scandal occupied the French public in the decade
which followed.

There is no reference to England in the protocols,
the nearest approach being a statement by Nilus
himself that the protocols were shown, among
others, to a very wealthy and influential British
Jew, now dead. But for this statement there is, of
course, no evidence in the protocols themselves.

So much then for the date. The protocols must
have been delivered or written at some time be-
tween 1889 and 1905.

Now it must be considered evidence — not con-
clusive, certainly, but very strong — that at that

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 87

date there was foreknowledge or prediction of the
great revolutionary movement which is now taking
place. The means by which it was to be brought
about, wars, the rise in prices, the corruption of
governments, and the use of Jewish agents, all
apply to the revolution in Russia, and to the
attempted revolutions in Germany and Hungary.
It is known, for example, that the two Spartacist
leaders in Germany were Jews, that Bela Kun,
Szamuelly, and in fact nearly every one of the
Hungarian revolutionaries were Jews, and there is
universal testimony by all Christian refugees from
Russia that the Soviet Commissaries, almost to a
man, are Jews. Lenin is one of the few prominent
figures not Jewish, but even Lenin is said to be
married to a Jewess.

In any event it is plain from the protocols that
the leader of anarchy is not the King of Zion to
whom they refer. He only leads the way and
must himself be swept aside so that there may be
not a splinter in the path of the King of the House
of David. In the fourth protocol the course of a
revolution is very accurately described: "In the
early days mad raging by the blind mob . . . the
second demagogy, from which is born anarchy,
and that leads inevitably to despotism."

88 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Apparently not only Russia but the whole world
must pass through these stages before the Eling of
ZIon is proclaimed.

In the meantime it is at least clear, as Colonel
Malone admitted, that Jews are behind the Revo-
lution in Russia, and that is what, after all, the
protocols claim.

As to the several references to "our international
super-government," these may or may not refer
to the League of Nations, but it is my contention
that such a government will play into the hands
of the international Jews, and will weaken the
sovereignty of nations.

The boastful and bombastic character of the
protocols remind us rather strikingly of those
passages in Disraeli's Coningsby which claim for the
Jews the control of European affairs, both on the
revolutionary and conservative side. If these
documents are genuine, this boastfulness is a crumb
of comfort to the Christian peoples, since pride
proverbially goeth before a fall.

There is no doubt, however, that the Jews have
a right to claim a very considerable influence in the
movement of thought generally called "Modern-
ism," or in politics "Liberalism." We have seen
how Lemann asserted that the Jews who worked

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 89

for this movement in Germany before the Revolu-
tion were themselves faithful to the national or
tribal principle of Judaism. We must, therefore,
suppose that these Jews embraced Modernism,
not for itself, but as a means of weakening Chris-
tian nations.

In this connection it is noteworthy that at the
universal conference of the Jews held at Leipsic in
1869, when the Alliance Israelite Vniverselle was
founded, the following resolution was proposed by
Dr. Philippson, of Bonn, seconded by Astrup,
Chief Rabbi of Belgium, and adopted with ac-
clamation :

"The Sjmod recognizes that the development
and realization of modern principles are the most
certain guarantees of the present and the future of
Judaism and its members. They are the most
energetically vital conditions for the expansive
existence and the most high development of
Judaism."

It seemed to some democrats then a little hu-
miliating that their universal movement should be
claimed as serving the cause of a particular na-
tionalism ; but if the apparently innocent resolution
of 1869 has been translated into these terrible

90 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

protocols of world revolution, the modern world
must feel not merely humiliation, but horror.

So much then for the internal evidence on its
broad lines, the correspondence, that is to say,
between the known activities of political and
revolutionary Jewry and the claims of these
protocols. We might sum up the case for their
genuineness in the shrewd words of Abraham
Lincoln :

"When we see a lot of frame timber different por-
tions of which we know have been gotten out at
different times and places, by different workmen —
Stephen, Franklin, Roger, and James, for instance
— and when we see these timbers framed together
and see they exactly make the frame of a house or
a mill — or if a single piece be lacking, we see the
piece in the frame exactly fitted and prepared, yet
to bring such piece in — in such a case we find it
impossible not to believe that Stephen and Frank-
lin and Roger and James all understood one
another from the beginning, and all worked upon a
common plan or draft drawn up before the first
blow was struck."

At the same time, we must in fairness state our
belief that if the document be genuine, it ought
certainly not to be regarded as an indictment of all

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 91

Jews, but of that section which, under a veil of
Masonry and through the revolutionary parties
among the Gentiles, works for ends kept secret no
doubt from the majority of Jews themselves.

CHAPTER VIII

We have now passed these protocols in general
review. We have summarized their contents.
We have pointed out that the document, as far
as we know, cannot be "proved" in any legal
sense. For the manner in which it was obtained
and for its authorship alike there is the testimony
of but one man — the Russian Nilus.

And if we consider the internal evidence fairly
it amounts to this: that the document predicts a
world revolution, and a world revolution carried
out by a Jewish organization, and that the revolu-
tion now in progress — the Bolshevist Revolution —
is in fact carried on mainly by Jews, and is an
attempt at a world revolution.

There we must leave it. If our readers believe
that such a prophecy could have been made with-
out foreknowledge by some anti-Semitic fanatic,
then, of course, they will not accept the document
as genuine. If, on the other hand, they believe
that such a hypothesis is untenable, then there is

92

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 93

only the alternative that the document is genuine.
If they believe the former they may sleep comfort-
ably in their beds; if they beUeve the latter then
they must regard the document as a very serious
warning of a very terrible menace. They will,
however, have this comfort — to be forewarned is
to be forearmed.

But before we leave this subject there is one
side of the question which we must consider more
fuUy, and that is the passages in these protocols
which refer to Freemasonry. The main passage
occurs in Protocol 15:

"We shall create and multiply Freemasonic
lodges in all the countries of the world, absorb in
them all who are or who may become prominent
in public activity, for in these lodges we shall find
our principal intelHgence office and means of in-
fluence. All these lodges we shall bring under one
central administration known to us alone and to
all others absolutely unknown, which will be com-
posed of our Learned Elders. The lodges will have
their representatives, who will serve to screen this
central administration, and from whom will issue
the watchword and programme. In these lodges
we shall tie the knot which binds together all
revolutionary and liberal elements."

94 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Now, the attentive reader will connect this
passage with certain other passages curiously
similar which we have quoted in the course of these
pages. There was, for example, the passage from
Louis Blanc's History of the French Revolution:

' ' They created occult lodges reserved for ardent
souls . . . shadowy sanctuaries whose doors were
only open to the adept after a long series of proofs
calculated to test the progress of their revolu-
tionary education."

They will remember, also, that remarkable
passage from Albert Pike's Masonic Ritual:

"Masonry has not only been profaned, but it
has even served as a veil and pretext for the plot-
tings of anarchy, by the secret influence of the
avengers of Jacques de Molai."

They will remember, also, the passage quoted
from the same author's Ritual of the Southern
Jurisdiction of the United States:

"My brother, you desire to unite yourself to an
Order which has laboured in silence and secrecy
for more than five hundred years with a single end
in view, and hitherto with only partial success —

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 95

that what you are now engaged in . . . will ex-
pose you to danger, and that this Order means to
deal with the affairs of nations and be once more
a power in the world."

These words, let it be remembered, are part of
the ritual of an Order of Freemasonry known to
have been chiefly founded by Jews, and suspected
of being still largely under Jewish influence.

We might carry our quotations further. The
Grand Orient of France is generally believed to be
under Hebraic influence. On April 2, 1889, the
Grand Orient issued a circular which contained
these words :

"Masonry, which prepared the Revolution of
1789, has the duty to continue its work."

Again, these protocols speak of the destruction
of religion as a means of undermining society.
Let us see what the Grand Orient says of reUgion :

"The triumph of the Galilean," says the Presi-
dent of the Grand Orient, Senator Delpech, on
September 20, 1902, "has lasted twenty centuries.
But now He dies in His turn. The mysterious
voice announcing (Julian the Apostate) the death
of Pan today announces the death of the imposter

96 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

God, Who promised an era of justice and peace
to those who believed in Him. Masons, we re-
joice to state that we are not without our share
in this overthrow of the false prophets."

Of these passages at least there is no doubt at
all, for they are taken from the official literature
of the Grand Orient. Let the reader decide for
himself whether they are the mere vapourings of
fanatical atheists or a part of the design of world
revolution outlined in the protocols.

But the protocols asserted that they intended
to multiply Freemasonic lodges as a preliminary to
revolution. What is actually being done? We
know that English Masonry generally is non-
political and loyal to British institutions. If there-
fore these conspirators are carrying out their plan
in this country it must be by the introduction into
England of the Oriental or Scottish Orders of
Masonry, that is to say. Masonry of the revolu-
tionary type.

Now in the year 1893 a French lodge called
Les Litres Penseurs constituted itself into La
Grande Loge Symbolique Ecossaise de France, Le
Droit Humain. One of the peculiarities of this
Order was that it admitted women as well as men,

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 97

and the movement has come to be known as Co-
Masonry. And with this Co-Masonry was curi-
ously mingled the cult of Theosophy. Those who
have studied the movement find that the leading
lights of Theosophy are usually members of the
Co-Masonic lodges.

But to proceed. In 1900, this new Grand Lodge
transformed itself into a Supreme Council of the
Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite.

There are now a hundred lodges working under
the Supreme Council, and they are to be found in
France, Belgium, England, Scotland, India, Hol-
land, Java, Switzerland, Norway, South Africa,
and South America. Those lodges of this Order
which use the English language have a subsidiary
Council of their own, but are nevertheless an in-
tegral part of the Continental Order. On the
Council of the 33d Degree there are three English
Co-Masons out of the total of nine, so that the
British representatives are outnumbered by two
to one.

It is hardly necessary to say that this movement
is not recognized by the Grand Lodge of England,
which has cut off all relations with the Grand
Orient of France on the ground of its atheism and
also of its subversive political tendencies. But the

98 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

original French members of the Co-Masonic move-
ment were too advanced even for the revolutionary
Grand Orient of Paris.

As we have said, the British Co-Masonic lodges
have a special Grand Council, and in England
they have restored the Bible and the name of God
to their ritual. . But six members of the Grand
Council are carefuUy selected from above, and the
representatives of the lower degrees are in a hope-
less minority on the Council, while the Council
itself is subject to the control of the 33d Degree
sitting in Paris. Thus no new lodges can be
founded without the sanction of the Supreme
Council of Paris, and the petition must first be
endorsed by the Council of England. It wiU thus
be seen that this Co-Masonic organization has been
very carefully thought out, and that its activities are
subject to the control of an unseen hand in Paris.

Now we do not allege that all the members of
the Co-Masonic movement are conspirators. On
the contrary, we believe that many of them are
either honest enthusiasts or "those light-minded
people" to whom the protocols so contemptuously
refer. What we do suggest is that the movement
was probably inaugurated and may probably be
directed to revolutionary ends.

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 99

We do not propose for the moment to say any-
thing more of this Co-Masonic movement except
this, that while some of its members seem to be
respectable and innocent people, some others who
are connected with it and who help to promote it
are known also to be connected with the revolu-
tionary and seditious movements which have
recently disturbed and, indeed, endangered the
British Empire, Of that we possess proofs. In
the meantime we would confine ourselves to warn-
ing the public of both sexes to beware of such
movements. They are put before them in an
alluring form, but those who join them may dis-
cover too late that they are "the shadowy sanc-
tuaries of revolution."

It may now be useful to summarize what has
gone before and also to make some general remarks
upon the natiire and effects of revolution. Our
summary, then, is, first, that in all the revolu-
tionary movements we have examined there are
plain traces of design, and there is evidence also
that this design is common to all revolutionary
movements. In the second place, we have seen
that certain Orders of Freemasonry have been
active in this design, and that they have always
been inspired by the same ferocious hatred of

100 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

Christian Church and National State. And in the
third place we have observed that a certain type of
"advanced" or political Jews have been active,
both in the Masonic organizations and in the revo-
lutions themselves. They have not, it is true, led
the forlorn hopes ; they are seldom to be seen either
on the barricades or on the scaffold, but they lurk
behind, active and energetic in intrigue, and giving
the impression of a purposeful activity.

We have seen how the Abbe Lemann, himself by
race a Jew, was careful to distinguish between the
advanced, or political, Jew, who nourished great
ambitions for himself and for his race, but who had
Uberated himself from his religion, and the mass of
Jews who are content to remain good citizens of
the country of their adoption and satisfy the ideal
side of their nature with the rehgion of their
ancestors.

We may take it, then, that these ardent po-
litical spirits dream a political dream which is a
modern development of the Messianic prophecies,
and that they have also in their blood a traditional
and racial hatred for the Christian nations which in
ages past have not treated their people too well.
We see this hatred in the realm of Jewish thought,
in the revolutionary system of Alexander Hercen,

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST loi

the intellectual founder of Russian anarchy, in the
explosive economics of Lassalle and Karl Marx,
and in the passionate dreams of Heine. Heine
gloats over the prospect of the "German thunder
that is coming slowly but will come — when you
hear an uproar such as there never was in history,
know then that the German thunderbolt has
struck its mark . . . the Germans will then stage
a play in comparison with which the French Revo-
lution was but an idyll." And, again, in his pre-
diction of the r61e of Russia — "We do not mind a
little slavery more or less, for through Russia we
shall be liberated from the remains of feudalism
and clericalism."'

And, lastly, we have found that all these ele-
ments come together in a revolutionary propa-
ganda both Semitic and Masonic, which has been,
as a fact, behind revolutionary movements both
in the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries, and
probably also in the eighteenth centtu-y.

We arrive at these conclusions altogether in-
dependently of the NUus book, a book the credibil-

' These quotations from Heine are taken from an extremely-
interesting article by the Count de Soissons on the Jews as a
revolutionary leaven in the January, 1920, number of the Quar-
terly Review.

102 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

ity of which rests, as we have said, entirely upon
internal evidence.

If these conclusions are well founded, a revolu-
tion is not the result of what we might call spon-
taneous social combustion but the result of design.
Yet there is this caution to be made : a house does
not spontaneously ignite, but it will bum fiercely
if its materials are dry, combustible, and rotten.
It will probably not catch fire at all if it is built of
fireproof material and is inhabited by people who
take proper precautions against fire. So with a
nation; the social organization cannot be fanned
into the flames of revolution, no matter what secret
societies are at work, unless the conditions are
favourable to revolution. The conditions favour-
able to revolution have been diagnosed by states-
men and by historians. They are not, properly
speaking, the business of these papers, which was
simply to look for the incendiary design, not to
devise a fireproof house. Yet nevertheless we may
suggest briefly the causes which predispose to
revolution in all ages and in all nations. Wars
certainly, and in particular unsuccessful wars,
which leave soldiers unemployed, and produce in
men a fitness for desperate deeds, are one cause.
Bad trade, which throws men upon the streets

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 103

and leaves them idle and ripe for mischief, which
makes thousands of men think that any change is
better than present conditions — that is another
cause. We shall find if we look into it that prac-
tically every revolution is preceded by a period of
bad trade and unemployment. Bad harvests and
scarcity of food, producing hunger and envy in the
masses of the people, are another cause. Party
rivalries and factions in the State, producing bands
of men at enmity with the presiding Government,
and willing to bring it down for their own purposes
— these certainly constitute another cause. The
character of the Government itself, whether it
suppresses too much the common liberties of the
nation, or, on the other side, is too indulgent with
treason and crime, or, again, is inspired by imprac-
ticable ideals which bring the State to disaster —
here we have stiU another cause of revolution. And
extravagant ideas in the minds of the people,
whether of liberty so great that it injures others,
or of wealth so easy that it resembles plunder,
these, too, may induce to revolution.

Moreover, it has happened in history that an
astute and unscrupulous ruler, as, for example,
Frederick the Great, may promote a revolution in
a neighbouring country for his own purposes, by

104 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

propaganda and by what we now call peaceful
penetration.

Certainly a country well governed by respected
nilers, whose industries are prosperous, and whose
subjects are reasonably happy, is the sort of na-
tional house that does not readily take fire. It is
for our statesmen to consider whether England is
at present in this case.

When all or any such disturbing conditions
exist, then the wreckers work, then the shadowy
sanctuaries of revolution become busy, and the
people ripe for trouble are persuaded on every
hand that their ills can be redressed by the de-
struction of society.

It is a terrible fallacy. A nation, and especially
a modern nation, is a highly complex system of
life. It has grown, it has developed, and it exists
by the intricate interaction of millions of parts one
with another. Russia was a country which of all
countries in Europe could best stand a revolution,
for its industrial organization was comparatively
low. Ninety per cent, of the people lived on the
land in a manner almost self-contained. They
could live, although the machinery of modern in-
dustrialism was brought to a stand. Yet even in
Russia the inhabitants of the great towns and the

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 105

middle and upper classes, aU. essential to the
national life, have been almost altogether de-
stroyed, except those aUens who were able to come
to terms with the ' ' terrible sect. ' ' The population
of great cities has in many cases almost disappeared.
Whole classes have been either destroyed or have
fled the country. But consider the situation of
such a country as England in a revolution, where
less than half the people live upon the land, and
more than half depend upon great intricate indus-
tries in which they are all specialists, and the
profits of which buy for them all their necessities.
Let us consider, too, that in this country most of
OUT food does not come from the farm in the coun-
try cart, but by ship and railway from great dis-
tances and from foreign countries. If the industrial
machinery is brought to a stop, if the carrying
machinery is paralyzed even for a fortnight, more
than half the nation is deprived of the means of
existence. As individuals they are helpless; they
must starve. If they rush the shops and plunder
the warehouses, if they rob their richer neighbotu-s
and forage through the country in plundering
hordes, they may exist a little while longer, but the
end is no less inevitable. In any revolution which
was really successful from the point of view of the

io6 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

revolutionaries, that is to say, in any revolution
which paralyzed what is called the capitalistic
organization by which we live, at least half and
probably three quarters of the population would
die of starvation. Let us not say that it cannot
happen because it has not happened so far. If a
revolution occurs it must happen.

France was comparatively fortunate in the
Reign of Terror, because her population at that
time was chiefly agricultural, yet it is certain that
a large part of the population died, whether by
massacre or by starvation. Prudhomme estimates
that the death-roll in France during the Terror,
including losses through civil war, was 1,025,711.
In Nancy alone, by the guillotine, shooting, and
wholesale drownings and by pestilence, 32,000
people lost their lives. Taine says that there were
nearly half a million victims of the Terror in the
eleven provinces of the west alone. We now know
that the revolutionaries saw clearly that the popu-
lation could not continue to exist, and were deter-
mined to reduce it. Courtois, in his report on the
papers seized at Robespierre's house, spealcs of a
plan to annihilate twelve or fifteen millions of the
French people. One of the lUuminati, Gracchus
Babeuf , said that depopulation was indispensable.

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 107

Prudhomme asserts that the Terror was part of
a plan of depopulation conceived by Marat and
Robespierre. Carrier, one of the instruments of
the Terror, said: "Let us make a cemetery of
France rather than not regenerate her after our
manner." Jean Bon Saint- Andr6 is reported (by
Larevelli^re-L6peaux) to have asserted that in
order to establish the Republic securely in France,
the population must be reduced by more than
one half.

And these massacres were indiscriminate. Mod-
ern analyses of the names of the victims show that
they were not chiefly aristocrats, but were drawn
in the main from among poor and obscure people,
small shopkeepers. Of the 1366 victims of the
Great Terror in Paris, the largest proportion was
either from the middle or the working classes.
Hundreds of working men and working women
were guillotined for reasons that cannot now be
ascertained. It is probable that many of them
were denounced out of panic, and many others for
reasons of blackmail. People killed in order not
to be killed, and the tribunal demanded victims
at the rate of so many a day in order to overawe
those who remained.

Such things take place when the social order is

108 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

in dissolution, when criminals and fanatics usurp
the place of Government. And there is another
terror added. For the enemies of a nation in revo-
lution take the opportunity of attacking it, and
invasion and internal war complete the destruc-
tion. No nation can without a terrible catastrophe
destroy its social and industrial order and its
national discipline.

CHAPTER IX

"Want and opinion are the two agents which make
all men act. Cause the want, govern the opinions,
and you will overturn all the existing systems,
however well consoUdated they may appear."
That maxim of revolutionary Freemasonry quoted
by the Abb6 Barruel in his Memoirs of Jacobinism,
towards the end of the eighteenth century, epi-
tomizes the strange creed whose evolution has been
traced. The inferences to be drawn from those
mysterious pronouncements, beginning with the
foimdation of the Illuminati in Bavaria in 1776,
down to the publication of the now famous Pro-
tocols of Meetings of the ' ' Learned Elders of Zion "
in 1905 by the Russian, Serge Nilus, are that for a
long period of time a conspiracy has been gradually
developing for the overthrowing of the existing
Christian form of civilization, that the prime
agents of that conspiracy were Jews and revolu-
tionary Freemasons, and that its object, which it
is claimed is now near fruition, is to pave the way

109

no THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

for the world supremacy of a chosen people. We
do not profess to be able to substantiate these in-
ferences; all we can do is to draw attention to
some of the great forces which in recent years
have been moulding government and opinion and
to see if they bear any resemblance in themselves
and in their effects to the dreams and schemes
fashioned by these eager and determined fanatics.
Now, the first point which must strike any
student of world movements at the present
moment is that men are certainly acting. Indeed,
compared with the ceaseless activities both in
thought and action of the men of today, our fore-
fathers were men who merely slept. Daring revolu-
tionary ideals, daring revolutionary movements,
are sweeping the world either towards a new
heaven or towards the abyss — it depends upon
one's point of view. Men, indeed, are acting, and
the forces which are moving them are want and
opinion! Strikes follow one another all over the
world with the rapidity and concerted action of
waves beating upon a shore, and the strikers
proclaim that driven by want they are out
for large increases in wages. In that connection
it is worth quoting again a sentence from the
Protocols:

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST in

"We shall raise the rate of wages, which, however,
will not bring any advantage to the workers, for
at the same time we shall produce a rise in prices
of the first necessaries of life."

So much for want. And as for opinion, great
masses of men of different nationality, race, re-
ligion, class, and profession are in these days
swayed and driven and almost consumed by a new
gospel which boldly bids for the place held through-
out the Christian era by the old. This gospel is
Bolshevism. It is derived primarily from the
beatitudes pronounced by the Jew, Karl Marx,
and its present fountain head is Moscow. Bolshe-
vism is openly anti-Christian and revolutionary.
It seeks to abolish property, to fotmd the dictator-
ship of the proletariat, to place the world under an
international control. Now nearly all the Bolshe-
vik leaders are Jews. That is a fact of tremendous
significance. Here is a list, the result of much
labour, and the work of several hands, which gives
the pseudonyms, the real names, and the racial
origin of fifty persons who either are the actual
governing powers in Soviet Russia, now or were
responsible for the establishment there of the
present rSgime:

112 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

Pseudonym.

1. Lenin

2. Trotsky . .

3. Steklov

4. Martov

5. Zinoviev . .

6. Goussiev . .

7. Kamenev . .

8. Souhanov . .

9. Sagersky . .

10. Bogdanov. .

11. Gorev

12. Ouritzky . .

13. Volodarsky

14. Sverdlov . .

15. Kamkov . .

16. Ganetzky . .

17. Dann

18. Meshkovsky

19. Parvus

20. Riazanov . .

21. Martinov . .

22. Tchemomorsky

23. Piatnitzky..

24. Abramovitch

25. Solntzev . .

26. Zverzditch . .

27. Radek

28. Litvinov, alias Fin

kenstein . .

29. Lounatcharsky

30. Kolontai . .

31. Peters

32. Maklakovsky

33. Lapinsky . .

34. Vobrov

35. Ortodoks . .

36. Garin

Real

Name.

Oulianov . .

Bronstein . .

Nachamkess

Tsederbaum

Apfelbaum

Drapkin

Rosenfeld . .

Ghimmer . .

Krachmann

Silberstein . .

Goldman

Radomislsky

Kohen

Sverdlov

Katz

Purstenberg

Gourevitch

Goldberg . .

Helphandt . .

Goldenbach

Zimbar

Tchemomordik

Levin

Rein

Bleichman . .

Fonstein

Sobelson

Wallack . .
Lounatcharsky
Kolontai
Peters
Rosenbloom
Levenson . .
Natansson . .
Akselrode . .
Gerfeldt

Race.

Russian
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew

German
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew

(?) Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew

Jew
Russian
Russian
Lett
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew
Jew

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 113

Pseudonym.

37. Glazounov . .

38. Lebedieva. .

39. JoflFe

40. Kamensky . .

41. Naout

42. Zagorsky . .

43. Izgoev

44. Vladimirov

45. Bounskov . .

46. Manouilsky

47. Larin

48. Krassin . .

49. Tchicherin

50. Goukovsky

Real

Name.

Race.

Schulze

Jew

Simson

. Jewess

JofiFe

Jew

Hoffman

Jew

Ginzburg

Jew

Krachmalink

Jew

Goldman

Jew

Feldman

Jew

Foundamentzky . .

Jew

Manouilsky

Jew

Lourie

Jew

Krassin

. Russian

Tchicherin

. Russian

Goukovsky

. Russian

According to certain authorities Lenin's mother
(as likewise the mother of Karenski) was a Jewess.
Mr. Krassin's wife is also a Jewess.

Some of these names are so familiar now to Eng-
lish readers that it is unnecessary to give their
biographies, but the following brief notes concern-
ing the less known, but still prominent Bolsheviks
may be useful :

"Martov (4) was the leader of the Menshevik
faction at the famous London Conference of 1893
when the words 'Bolshevik' and 'Menshevik'
first came into use. Lenin, representing the Bol-
sheviks, was his opponent at that time. He is the
only prominent Menshevik who has taken an

H4 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

active part in the Bolshevist regime. He has done
so despite the fact that he has never ceased to
predict ultimate disaster for the present Govern-
ment.

"Kamenev (7) is Trotsky's brother-in-law and
the chief oratorical support of the Bolshevist cause.
He is anything but democratic in manner and in
some respects is cultivated. He is or was President
of the Moscow Soviet.

"VoLODARSKY (13) is now dead. He was a
Jewish tailor from London, who joined the move-
ment soon after it took form and became one of
the most hated of the original Commissars. A
mob of workmen killed him, but he did much to-
wards launching Bolshevism.

"Ganetzky (16) for a long time acted as liaison
officer between the German General Staff and the
Bolshevist leaders, making innumerable secret
trips between Berlin and Moscow. It was through
his efforts that German military aid was brought
to the Red Army. Also he arranged the recent
payment to Esthonia of 15,000,000 gold roubles,
bringing the money to Reval from a bank in
Stockholm.

"LouNATCHARSKY (29) is one of the few idealists
in the movement and the man through whose in-
fluence the Red Terror was moderated.

"KoLONTAi (30) is the 'heroine' of the Bol-
shevist movement and her marriage to Dybenko,
leader of the sailors in the uprising which put the

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 115

Bolsheviks in power, has been termed the 'romance
of the Revolution.' It took place shortly after
the establishment of the present Government, and
she and Dybenko went off on a kind of honey-
moon to preach in the Ukraine, not Commun-
ism, nor Bolshevism, but Anarchy. This brought
her into the bad graces of the Soviet, but later
she modified her -^dews, and is now the Soviet
Commissar for Public Welfare. She is said to
be a most violent personality. Her family was
noble.

"Akselrode (35) is the man who, after the
Revolution, closed down all the newspapers and
seized their presses. Since that time only Bolshe-
vist newspapers have been published in Russia.
He is now Commissar of the Press.

"GouKOVSKY (50) was the head of the Bolshe-
vist mission to Esthonia, which was almost ex-
clusively Jewish."

Everybody, friendly or unfriendly, who has
come in contact with the Bolsheviks agrees that
they are almost entirely Jews. One of the first
to meet them in an official capacity was Count
Czernin, the Foreign Minister of the Dual Mon-
archy. ' ' Their leaders, ' ' says the Count in a letter
written in November, 191 7, "are almost all of them
Jews with altogether fantastic ideas, and I do not

ii6 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

envy the country that is governed by them." Of
the Bolsheviks who took part in the Brest- Litovsk
negotiations Trotsky was the one who most im-
pressed the Count. "Trotsky," he says, "is un-
doubtedly an interesting, clever fellow and a very
dangerous adversary. He is quite exceptionally
gifted as a speaker, with a swiftness and adroitness
in retort which I have rarely seen, and has, more-
over, all the insolent boldness of his race." This
was in the humiliating days of Brest-Litovsk.
What must now be the arrogance of Trotsky, the
conqueror of Koltchak, Judenitch, Derdkin, and,
the organizer of victory, and the prime instrument
in bringing England and her Allies nearer and
nearer to the peace table !

Here is another piece of evidence one takes at
random out of many. In the inquiry into Bolshe-
vist propaganda by the Committee of the Judiciary
of the United States, evidence was given by Mr.
R. B. Dennis, a teacher in North-western Uni-
versity, who had worked in Russia from November,
1917, to September, 1918, first for the American
Y. M. C. A., and since April in the Consular
Service. He had been all over Russia, in Rostov,
Kharkoff, Moscow, Nijni Novgorod, and Petro-
grad. He says:

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 117

"A thing that interested me very much was to
discover a number of men in positions of power,
Commissaries in the cities here and there in Russia,
who had lived in America ... in the industrial
centres. I met a number of them, and I sat around
and listened to attacks upon America that I would
not take from any man in this country.

"Senator Wolcott — In the main, of what na-
tionality were they?

"Mr. Dennis — Russian Hebrews."

But perhaps the most impressive piece of evi-
dence concerning the supremacy of the Jew in the
Russian Revolution is that furnished in a report
drawn up by Mr. Gerard Shelley, an Englishman
who was present in Russia in 1918. The Russian
Anarchists, he points out, are entirely distinct
from the Bolsheviks, and in their individualism,
which runs to extraordinary extremes, have much
more in common with the Slav temperament than
with the highly concentrated system of govern-
ment associated with Trotsky and his brethren.
These Anarchists took a number of buildings, both
in Moscow and Petrograd, which they used for
teaching and other purposes. Their principal
lecturer was the well-known Anarchist, Lev
Cherny, and Mr. Shelley attended a series of

Ii8 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

lectures delivered by him in the Officers' Eco-
nomic Society in Moscow in April, 1918. These
lectures caused tremendous excitement, particu-
larly the last of them, in which the lecturer
dealt with the Bolsheviks. He pointed out that
Marxism, on which Bolshevism is founded,
really did not express the political side of the
Russian character, and that the Bolsheviks were
not sincere Socialists or Communists, but Jews,
working for the ulterior motives of Judaism.
Lev Cherny divided these Jews into three main
classes — ^firstly, financial Jews, who dabbled in
muddy international waters; secondly, Zionists,
whose aims are, of course, well known; and,
thirdly, the Bolsheviks, including the Jewish Bund.
The creed of these Bolsheviks, according to the
lecturer, is briefly, that the proletariat of aU
countries are nothing but gelatinous masses, which,
if the Intelligentsia were destroyed in each country,
would leave these masses at the mercy of the
Jews.

Now comes the extraordinary sequel. On the
very night on which this last lecture was delivered
the Bolsheviks attacked with cannon, cavalry,
and machine-guns all the Anarchist headquarters
both in Moscow and Petrograd, and murdered all

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 119

the men they could find, Lev Cherny, however,
escaping.

As regards the programme of these Bolshevist
Jews, a very interesting document was published
by the Gazette de HoUande at the end of March,
1919. It contained detailed instructions to Bol-
shevist agents abroad drawn up at a Council held
at the Kremlin in November, 191 8, at which Lenin
presided, and Trotsky, Radek, and Tchicherin
were present. A copy of this document fell into
the hands of the Ukrainian General Staff, and the
translation we take from M. Miliukov's illuminat-
ing book on Bolshevism. In parallel columns we
give the Bolshevist proposals for direct action,
drawn up in 191 8, and the rules of conduct laid
down by the "Elders of Zion" in 1897:

Revolutionary Work Protocols of the

OF THE Bolshevist "Learned Elders of

(Communist) Party. Zion."

The work of the Bolshevist Our international million-
organizations in foreign coun- eyed agents, who are possessed
tries is defined as follows. of absolutely unlimited means

(Protocol 2). We must not
stop short before bribery,
deceit, and treachery (Protocol
I).

I. In the domain of inter- The intensification of arma-
«a/40»o/ politics: ments, the increase of poUce

120 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

(o) To support Chauvinist
movements and national con-
flicts.

(6) To provoke agitation in
order to bring about national
conflicts.

(c) To make attempts on
the representatives of foreign
Powers.

By these means internal dis-
turbances and coups d'Stat will
be brought about, and there
will be increased Social Demo-
cratic agitation.

2. In the domain of internal
politics :

(o) To compromise by aU
possible means the influential
men in the country, to make
attempts on the men in power,
and to provoke agitation
against the Government.

{b) To provoke general and
partial strikes, to damage ma-
chinery and boilers, and to
spread propagandist literature.

By these means coups d'etat
will be facilitated, and it will be
possible to seize the supreme
power.

forces are all essential. . . .
Throughout all Europe, and
by means of relations with
Europe in other continents
also, we must create ferments,
discords, and hostility. . . .
We must be in a position to
respond to every act of opposi-
tion by war with the neigh-
bours of that country which
dares to oppose us; but if these
neighbours also should venture
to stand collectively against us,
then we must offer resistance
by a universal war (Protocol
7). We have broken the
prestige of the goyim kings by
frequent attempts upon their
lives through our agents (Pro-
tocol 1 8).

In order that our scheme
may produce this result, we
shall arrange elections in
favour of such presidents as
have in their past some dark
undiscovered stain, some
"Panama'' or other . . .then
they will be trustworthy agents
for the accomplishment of our
plans out of fear of revelations
(Protocol lo).

We appear on the scene
as alleged saviours of the
worker from this oppression
when we propose to him to
enter the ranks of our fighting
forces — Socialists, Anarchists,
Communists. ... By want

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 121

3. In the economic domain:

(o) To provoke and sup-
port railway strikes, to blow
up bridges and railway lines,
and do ev--rything to disorgan-
ize transport.

(6) To impede and prevent
the provisioning of the towns
with com, to create financial
difficulties and inundate the
market with forged banknotes.
Special committees should be
formed.

In this way an economic up-
heaval will bring about the in-
evitable collapse, and the coup
d'etat will receive the sympathy
of the masses.

and the envy and hatred which
it engenders we shall move the
mobs, and with their hands we
shall wipe out all those who
hinder us. When the hour
strikes for our sovereign lord
of all the world to be crowned,
it is these same hands which
will sweep away everything
that might be a hindrance
thereto (Protocol 3).

We shall soon begin to
establish huge monopolies,
reservoirs of colossal riches,
upon which even large for-
times of the goyim will depend
to such an extent that they
will go to the bottom together
with the credit of the States
on the day after the political
smash (Protocol 6). We shall
replace the money markets by
grandiose government credit
institutions. . . . These in-
stitutions will be in a position
to fling upon the market five
hundred miUions of industrial
paper in one day (Protocol 22).
We shall create by all the
secret subterranean methods
open to us, and with the aid
of gold, which is all in our
hands, a universal economic
crisis whereby we shall throw
upon the streets whole mobs
of workers simultaneously in
all the countries of Europe
(Protocol 3).

122 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

The complete annihilation
of the army will be effected,
and the soldiers will adopt the
Social Democratic Labour
programme.

The supreme lord who will
replace all now existing rules
dragging on their existence
among societies demoralized
by us . . . will be obliged to
kill off these existing societies
though he should drench them
with his own blood, that he
may resurrect them again in
the form of regularly organized
troops fighting consciously with
every kind of infection that
may cover the body of the
State with sores.

So much for Russia and the part which Jews
have played in the development of Bolshevist
doctrine and organization.

CHAPTER X

The Russian Revolution overshadows, of course,
all others of modern times, and in a previous chap-
ter evidence was submitted to show that the Bol-
sheviks who engineered it are in an overwhelming
majority Jews, and that their plan of campaign
is to a considerable extent based upon the direc-
tions laid down in the Protocols of the "Learned
Elders of Zion." It now remains to discuss some
other revolutionary movements in our day and to
see what features and agents they had in common,
and how far they can be traced to the same organi-
zation or organizations which brought Lenin and
Trotsky to the Kremlin and made Moscow the
revolutionary storm centre of the world. Prior to
and following the war, there have been revolu-
tions or serious revolutionary outbreaks in Turkey,
Portugal, Prussia, Bavaria, and Hungary, and
there have been serious conspiracies in many other
countries, notably in HoUand, Switzerland, and
only this year in France and Denmark. In all of

123

124 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

these foreign influences played a notable part, and
the question arises whether if these foreign influ-
ences had been absent the revolutions would have
been successful or necessary. Because a revolu-
tion occurs it does not follow that it was either
desirable or inevitable. The metaphor of a bacil-
lus attacking a "run-down" body seems to fit. A
State becomes weak, corrupt, insecure, and im-
mediately the revolutionary bacilli flock to the
enfeebled organism and begin the process of dis-
integration. In some of these States, notably in
Bavaria and Hungary, the revolutions had a short
life, and the bacilli were soon expelled. But in
others, Turkey and Portugal, they came to stay.
As to Portugal, it may be a moot point to some
whether their invasion has been to the benefit of
the State. But in Turkey there can be no doubt.
The revolutionaries who seized Constantinople and
deposed Abdul Hamid sold their country in bond-
age to the German. Enver and Talaat and the
others were the willing instruments of Bieberstein
and Wangenheim. The Turkish Revolution was
the knell of the Turkish Empire. The example of
Turkey, in a word, seems to remind us that a
revolution may not be a healthful though drastic
process but a scourge.

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 125

The Turkish Revolution, it can be stated em-
phatically, was almost entirely the work of a
Masonic- Jewish conspiracy. The Young Turks,
who consisted chiefly of Jews, Greeks, and Ar-
menians, did not meet in the beginning with much
success in their schemes, and it was not until they
came in contact with Continental Freemasonry
that things began to move. The following quo-
tation from the well-known French Masonic re-
view Acacia (October, 1908, No. 70) explains
succinctly what was going on:

"A secret Young Turk Committee was founded,
and the whole movement was directed from Salon-
ika, as the town which has the greatest percentage
of Jewish population in Europe — 70,000 Jews out
of a total population of 110,000 — was specially
qualified for this purpose. Besides, there were
many Freemason lodges in Salonika in which the
revolutionaries could work undisturbed. These
lodges were under the protection of European
diplomacy, the Sultan was defenceless against
them, and he could not any more prevent his own
downfall."

Indeed, one can go so far as to say that the
Committee of Union and Progress was practically
born in the Masonic lodge called "Macedonia

126 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Risorta" established by the Salonika Jew, Em-
manuele Carasso. The same review to which we
have referred above mentioned in 1907 that though
Freemasonry was forbidden in Turkey there were
two lodges in Salonika under the Grand Orient of
Italy, the one we have mentioned above, and the
other the Lodge " Labor et Lux." It is interesting
to note that Carasso afterwards formed part of
the Commission that deposed Abdul Hamid.

Further information concerning the part that
these Masonic lodges played in the Revolution is
given in an interview which the Paris Temps of
August 20, 1908, pubUshed with Refik Bey, one
of the leading members of the Committee of Union
and Progress. The correspondent of the Temps
asked him about the part played by Freemasonry
in the Revolution, and he replied:

" It is true that we found moral support in Free-
masonry, especially in Italian Freemasonry. The
two Italian lodges, 'Macedonia Risorta' and
'Labor et Lux,' rendered us real service and offered
us a refuge. We met there as Masons, for many
of us are Freemasons, but in reality we met to
organize ourselves. Bes!.Ies, we chose a great
part of our comrades from these lodges, which
served our Committee as a sifting-machine by

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 127

reason of the care with which they made their
inquiries about individuals. At Constantinople,
the secret work that went on at Salonika was
vaguely suspected, and poHce agents tried in vain
to obtain an entrance. Besides, these lodges
applied to the Grand Orient of Italy, which prom-
ised in case of need to procure the intervention of
the Italian Embassy."

The Committee of Union and Progress retained
after the Revolution its Masonic and largely Jew-
ish character. As a striking instance of its influ-
ence, we may mention that Ahmed Riza Bey, the
President of the Chamber, refused to use the word
"Allah" in taking the oath prescribed by the
Constitution, on the ground that, Hke Senhor
Machado in Portugal, he was a Positivist. Here,
then, is a curious link between revolutionary
Portugal and revolutionary Turkey.

Then came the counter-revolution of 1909, and
it is interesting to note that the mutinous out-
break of April 13th of that year, which was attrib-
uted by the Committee to Abdul Hamid, was
really led by troops of the Salonika Committee
commanded by a Salonika Jew and Freemason,
Colonel Renzi Bey. At any rate, immediately
after the crushing of the counter-revolution the

128 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Jewish elements of the Committee of Union and
Progress acquired more and more importance.
Djavid Bey, the Finance Minister; Talaat Bey,
the President of the Committee Party, who was
perhaps more responsible than anyone else for
handing over Turkey to Germany and thus en-
compassing her ruin; Djahid Bey, Editor of the
Tanin, were all Masons, and the first named was
a Jew. Political Masonic lodges sprang up like
mushrooms all over Constantinople, and on April
1st of that year (1909), representatives of 45
Turkish lodges met in Constantinople and founded
the "Grand Orient Ottoman." Mahomed Orphi
Pasha was elected Grand Master, and the follow-
ing "Turks" were elected among the highest
officials: David Cohen, Raphael© Ricci, Nicholas
Forte, Marchione, Jacob Souhami, George Sur-
sock. The Jew Djavid Bey, who later became
Turkish Minister of Finance was elected Master
of one of the Constantinople lodges.

Terrorism and intimidation of every kind fol-
lowed, and here Constantinople links itself up
with Moscow and Budapest. The Ministry of
Police was abolished and replaced by a "Public
Security Department" on French Republican
lines, and put under the direction of GhaUd Bey,

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 129

a Freemason. It may be noted that the imitation
of the French Revolution in many ways by the
Young Turk is another interesting Unk in the
revolutionary chain. For example, a Committee
Senator proposed to abolish the word "subject"
and replace it by the French "citoyen," while
the first "Young Turkey" issue of coins had the
motto "Liberte, EgaUte, Fraternite" inscribed on
them.

And here we may again quote from the first
Protocol :

"Far back in ancient times, we were the first to
cry among the masses of the people the words
'Liberty, Equality, Fraternity.' ... In all
corners of the earth the words ' Liberty, Equality,
Fraternity' brought to our ranks, thanks to our
blind agents, whole legions who bore our banners
with enthusiasm. And all the time these words
were cankerworms at work boring into the well-
being of the goyim, putting an end everywhere to
peace, quiet, solidarity, and destroying all the
foundations of the goyim States. As you will see
later, this helped us to our triumph; it gave us
the possibility, among other things, of getting into
our hands the master card — the destruction of
the privileges, or, in other words, of the very
existence of the aristocracy of the goyim, that

130 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

class which was the only defence peoples and
countries had against us. On the ruins of the natu-
ral and genealogical aristocracy of the goyim we
have set up the aristocracy of otir educated class,
headed by the aristocracy of money. The quali-
fications for this aristocracy we have established
in wealth, which is dependent upon us, and in
knowledge, for which our learned elders provide
the motive force."

Furthermore, the Press was put under the con-
trol of the "Directeur de la Presse Anterieur,"
called Nejib Fazli Bui, while the foreign Press was
handed over to another Jew. Djavid Bey, the
Minister of Finance, had a Jewish Mason, Messim
Russo, as chef de Cabinet, and the Committee
Part]' in the Chamber contained ninety Free-
masons who voted as directed by Talaat. Within
the Cabinet, there gradually was formed an inside
Masonic Cabinet composed of Talaat, Djavid, the
Sheik-ul-Islam, Moussa, Kiasim, and Mahmud
Mukhtar Bey, Minister of Marine. The Proto-
cols speak of an inner or a Jewish Masonry, the
true governing power, and an outer or Gentile
Masonry, which bUndly follows the lead of a di-
rection it does not suspect. The Grand Vizier,
Hilmi Pasha, who showed some signs of rebellion,

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 131

disappeared and was replaced by Hakki Pasha
with a Jewish private secretary, whose brother-
in-law, Jacques Menashe, was the go-between of
Djavid Bey, the Minister of Finance, in negotia-
tions for the loan with the Bernhard Drej^us
group in Paris, and in other matters of finance
and concession. In a word, the Turkish State was
held in a Judaso-Masonic group which extended
its power to the provinces by the creation of a
network of lodges and clubs.

One or two other points in connection with the
Turkish Revolution are worth noting. Immedi-
ately after the deposition of Abdul Hamid two
papers were started in Constantinople, the Ger-
man-Jewish organ, the Osmanischer Lloyd, edited
by a German Jew, Dr. Moritz Grunwald, and the
Jeune Turc, whose proprietor was Sami Hochberg,
an Ashkenazin Freemasonic Jew. Both papers
were upholders of Turkish Masonry and Zionism,
and the Jeune Turc certainly aimed at the crea-
tion of a Judaso-Turkish State which would sub-
jugate the other populations in the Turkish
Empire.

At that period, too, a Jew named Santo Semo,
who was at one time on Sir W. Willcocks's Irri-
gation staff, gave conferences in Constantinople,

132 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Salonika, and other places, and strove to poison
the Turkish mind against everything British in
Mesopotamia. The "Agence Ottomane," the
"Turkish" official agency which was managed
by a Bagdad Jew named SaHh Gtiirgi, was busy
with the same game.

It is unnecessary to emphasize again how this
combination joined itself up with the Germans, but
one quotation may be given from the Salonika corre-
spondent of the Morning Post in a message from him
which was published on May 19, 191 1. He said:

"The Army officers and the Turks have long
been displeased at the prominence acquired by
individuals who are not regarded as true Turks,
and whose connections with the Jews of Europe
have been considered as facihtating Zionism. The
Turks believe Zionism to aim at the establishment
of a Jewish State in Asia Minor, and suspect that
the Jewish colonies which the Zionists are planting
in Syria are destined to be centres of foreign and
especially German influence, for the Turks have
long noticed the curious fact that the Jews, par-
ticularly the Ashkenazim or Russo-PoUsh-German
Jews, are aU partisans of the German Empire."

These, indeed, were prophetic words, and read-
ers of the German Press will find any number of

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 133

articles cordially approving from a German
point of view the creation of such a Zionist
State.

There just remains one more development to
add. " Constantinople," says one of the protocols,
"is the eighth and last stage towards Jerusalem."
Now one of the latest issues of the Moscow Pravda
received in London contains the report of a meet-
ing held recently in the Great Hall of the Moscow
Polytechnic Museum, during which Bukharin,
speaking on behalf of the Soviet of People's Com-
missars, declared that the Bolsheviks are aiming
at the reconstruction of a great and powerful
Socialist Russia, which cannot exist if she does not
hold the Straits of Constantinople. A member of
the audience interrupted the speaker by crying:
"That is Miliukov's policy." Bukharin called the
interrupter a blackguard who does not wish to
realize the interests of proletarian Russia. "If
MiUukov would consent to work with us we would
gladly give him a place of honour in our ranks,"
declared Bukharin.

According to the Daily Express, Mustafa Kemal
Pasha issued from Angora on July 8, 1920, a long
proclamation addressed to the "Brothers of Islam
and Communist Comrades." He said:

134 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

"Communist Comrades, an abominable crime
is about to be perpetrated. The Great Powers
have decided to exterminate a fresh victim, whose
blood will be sucked by the capitalists of Europe.
Our peasants are dying, weapon in hand. They
can be sure that the days are near at hand when
Islam, the ally of Communism, will avenge them."

Later, Mustafa Kemal issued this further proc-
lamation {Morning Post, July 20th) :

"We have armies ready to march from Persia
to Anatolia. After the Bolshevist victory in Po-
land the Bolsheviks wiU enter Roumania. The
Roumanians will answer the call to arms by a
general strike. The Bulgars, too, are ready to
unite with the Bolsheviks. The aim of our armies
is to guard our independence and deliver the
capital from the British."

In 1910 came the turn of Portugal. Here, again,
there is overwhelming evidence that the force at
the back of the Revolution was Continental Free-
masonry. Dr. Friedrich Wichtl, in his book Welt-
freimatierei, Welt Revolution, Welt-republik, says :

"Some readers may ask us which were then
those circles which contributed the most to the
downfall of the Portuguese Royal family? They

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 135

are the leading families of the'Castros, the Costas,
Cohens, Peireras, Ferreiras.Teixeras, Fousesas,etc.
They have many widespread branches besides
Portugal, also in Spain, Holland, England, etc.,
and in America, where they occupy prominent
positions. They are all related to each other,
they are all united by the mutual ties of Free-
masonry and . . . the Alliance Israelite
Universelle."

This close connection between Portuguese Re-
publicanism and Continental Freemasonry was
indeed apparent from the outbreak of the Revo-
lution. Senhor Magalhaes Lima, a Masonic Grand
Master, was one of the chiefs of the Portuguese
Republican Party and its delegate in France. He
was in Paris dtuing the outbreak on October 3,
1910, and in a pamphlet which he published at
that time, entitled Republican Portugal, he said :

"This Revolution will bear fruits, for the proc-
lamation of the Republic in Portugal wUl not be
an isolated case. It wiU have a world-wide effect,
and first of all in Spain."

Another prominent revolutionary was Senhor
Luciano de Castro, a reputed Monarchist, who,
however, did much to bring discredit to the Mon-

136 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

axchy. We have already referred to Senhor Ber-
nardino Machado, the President of the Republic
and a prominent Freemason.

The violent anti-Christian character of the Re-
public, particularly in its early days, is too well-
known to need recapitulation. What, perhaps, is
not so familiar is the close connection of the Ger-
mans with the whole movement and the use which
was made of it in the German Press immediately
on its outbreak for the purpose of discrediting
England, the untrustworthy ally of Portugal,
which was unable to save its King. Germany
then began to lay its grip on the Portuguese colo-
nies, just as she began to seize the Turkish admin-
istration immediately after the triumph of the
Young Turks. Readers of the Lichnowsky Apolo-
gia will recall how the former German Ambassador
in London, in a deal which does not reflect much
credit on British diplomacy and on loyalty to an
ally, was able, early in 1914, to effect with Great
Britain a division of the Portuguese colonies con-
ditional on Portugal's acceptance. It was a daring
move, too, for a member of the Entente Cordiale
to propose, for the proposed division would have
seriously jeopardized in favour of Germany the
French African possessions, and it is now almost

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 137

a matter of history that strong representations
were made by Paris to Sir Edward Grey (as he
then was) on the subject. Fortunately, the pro-
posed deal never came off, because the Withelm-
strasse, or, rather, the German General Staff,
fearing that such a diplomatic agreement might
postpone indefinitely the Great Day, vetoed the
negotiations. But though Germany refused to
accept the agreement, she still kept an eye on the
colonies, and through her friends at Lisbon had
begun a campaign for their seizure by the favour-
ite device of sending missions, which were actually
in Africa when the war broke out.

Thus in both these revolutions we see an alien
movement seizing authority and overthrowing the
established forms of Government and religion and
the predatory German coming in to seize the spoil's.

In the revolutions in Prussia, Bavaria, and
Hungary, the influence of the alien authority,
which in this case is openly that of the Bolsheviks,
will be traced.

CHAPTER XI

With the adven-t of the Bolsheviks to power in
Russia, a new situation was created in the inter-
national conspiracy. In the Turkish and Portu-
guese outbreaks, which have already been dis-
cussed, the Continental Freemasons, working
through their secret organizations, were the
chosen instruments; with Lenin installed in Mos-
cow, and using Russia as a platform, Bolshevist
emissaries pure and simple were the means for
disseminating unrest and provoking discord.

We will now deal with their activities in Prussia,
Bavaria, and Hungary. It is notorious, of course,
that the Germans used Bolshevism as a means
towards their own victory (witness Brest-Litovsk),
though at the same time they were exceedingly
uneasy at the consequences which its progress
might have in their own country. But the whole
attitude of Germany towards Bolshevism is very
enigmatic, and in keeping with German mentality.
Just as they were prepared to use the submarine

138

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 139

warfare as a means of defeating the Entente (with-
out considering seriously the consequences which
might follow from America's entry into the war),
so they are willing to toy with Bolshevism for the
purpose of rendering nugatory the Treaty of Ver-
sailles (without weighing risk of the revolution
which Soviet government might bring about in
the Fatherland). At any rate the possibility of a
Bolshevised Germany must always be considered
by the Allies. When aU allowance is made for
German duplicity, the present situation is suffi-
ciently serious, for already the Jews of Moscow,
working through their emissaries in Germany,
have succeeded to some extent in setting Prussia
against Bavaria and town against country.

Hungary is interesting because more than any
other country it throws a vivid light on the inter-
national character of Bolshevism. All the Bol-
shevist forces (including those in England) are
being called on to break down the Magyar ram-
part, which stands resolute, with something of
the spirit of the intolerant but impressive Count
Tisza, against the floods that are pouring forth
from the East.

Revolution, when it came in Germany, was not
a new and isolated event. War circumstances

140 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

brought about revolution first in Russia, and
Lenin's achievement was to recognize the psycho-
logical moment at which to strike for it there. He
succeeded. But this success in Russia was, in his
eyes, only a first step to a wider success through-
out the world. With this end in view, and revo-
lution in Germany especially, he was ready to
countenance any inconsistency in Russia, and to
impose on her any fresh sacrifices. He was willing,
for example, to postpone peace and continue war,
and did this, when thereby he could promote his
larger policy. Only by remembering this can we
understand the Bolshevist manoeuvres at Brest-
Litovsk, or their later designs on East Prussia.

Only by remembering this, too, can we realize
the full significance of the revolutionary attempts
in Germany. The fact that in Russia circum-
stances permitted the Revolution to approximate
at once to the wholesale scheme of Lenin — a
scheme almost identical, as we have shown, with
that of the Protocols — and the fact that in Ger-
many revolution sought to move by partial stages
in accord with the struggle between Socialist and
Spartacist, these facts must not hide the conclu-
sion that, in both, revolution was related with one
and the same conspiracy. In both, as everywhere

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 141

else, Lenin is an opportunist on behalf of his pro-
jected international upheaval.

Already in May of 1918, the Soviet had an ac-
credited agent in Berlin. This was the Bolshevist
Jew, Joffe, who was Red Ambassador there until
the beginning of November, when he was returned
across the frontier. The reason for his expulsion
was his notorious activities in league with the
Spartacists, as well as with the extremists among
the Independent SociaHsts whose help the Ma-
jority Socialists now felt able to do without.

These Independents have not disavowed their
traffic with Joffe, and through him with Moscow,
in preparing for the Revolution in Germany.
Barth, who seems to have been the chief medium
for it, denied only that Moscow financed it. Barth
has admitted every kind of support and assistance
from the Bolsheviks in furthering the Revolution
except money. This denial of financial help is not
corroborated by Joffe. The expelled Ambassador,
on the contrary, boasted of having given Barth
"hundreds of thousands of marks." In any case,
that large sums were passed from him to the Spar-
tacists is as much beyond doubt as that Joffe had
deep resources of money for this particular revo-
lution-fostering campaign. In Lenin's own words

142 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

it was "a chain of revolutions" that was being
forged, and in that chain "the chief link was the
German one. " His artisan Joffe, at work in Berlin
on the German link during the summer of 1918,
is beUeved to have had four million marks placed
at his disposal by the Soviet for the job.

JofEe had scarcely disappeared from BerHn when
Radek (Sobelson) arrived there. Jew succeeded
Jew. Joffe had been sent as Ambassador to the
Government of the Kaiser, and his secret traffic
with the Spartacists revealed itself gradually.
Radek, on the other hand, entered Germany by
stealth, and was Lenin's representative sent ex-
plicitly to negotiate with the Spartacists, and
with the Jew Liebknecht in particular. For
Liebknecht had by now been Hberated from
prison, and as between him and the revolutionary
Government, of which Noske was proving the
strong man, the game of "pull Devil, pull baker,"
had begun. Radek immediately took a hand on
Liebknecht's end of the rope. On the last days
of 1 91 8, these two were openly advocating a
"Revolutionary Communistic Labour Party of
the German Spartacus-band." On an early day
of 1919, according to good authority, a document
signed by both clinched the connection between

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 143

the Moscow and the Berlin "comrades," Lieb-
knecht putting his name to it as prospective
President of the German Soviet Republic, and
Radek as accredited Plenipotentiary of the Rus-
sian Soviet Republic.

The terms of this alleged pact, which is believed
to have been concluded in the attic of the Jewess,
Rosa Luxembourg, in Berlin, are given by M.
Paul Miliukov. Lenin on his part undertook

"i. To recognize Liebknecht as President of
the German Soviet Republic;

"2. To furnish important funds for Spartacist
propaganda ;

"3. To place specially trained agents at the
disposal of the Spartacists; and

"4. To order Soviet armies to take the offen-
sive and cross the German frontier in support of
a simultaneous Spartacist rising in Berlin";

while Liebknecht undertook

" I. To estabUsh a Soviet Government in Ger-
many immediately upon his advent to power;

"2. To observe faithfully and put into prac-
tice all the teachings of Lenin's doctrines; and

"3. To raise a Red Army of 500,000 men to
be placed under the supreme command of the
Commissary for War at Moscow."

144 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Eichhorn — who, it is worth remembering, had
been in JofTe's service earlier — was in this league,
and a few days later the rising under his direction
was scotched by Noske's troops, and Liebknecht
and Rosa Luxembourg were murdered. The hand
of Moscow in this attempt was proclaimed abroad
by the Majority Socialist Government itself,
which threatened reprisals against such Russians
as should have been found to have shared in it.
Radek was arrested ; but Radek by this time had
contrived to establish some thirty Bolshevist or-
ganizations throughout Germany, and so, with him
as well as fifty or a hundred Spartacist leaders off
the scene, the attempted new revolution of March
6th to 13th was still possible. It, too, failed, even
with the Independents' help, but it brought into
the light once more the strength of the union
between the German and the Russian Bolsheviks.

All Lenin's eggs were never in one basket, or
even in half a dozen baskets. The smashing or
cracking of them in one place or in six was re-
garded by him as merely a local reverse. His
objective was world-wide revolution, and he was
pursuing it everywhere. Radek' s activities had
spread far beyond Berlin and Russia, as the March
risings on the Rhine and in Hamburg and else-

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 145

where proved, and in Bavaria they had important
restilts.

Immediately following the murder of the Prime
Minister, Kurt Eisner (himself a Jew, Saloman
Kusnowsky by name), and the proclamation of a
Soviet Republic in Bavaria by the Munich Wom-
en's, Peasants', and Soldiers' Council, a Russian
Bolshevik appears prominently. Max Livien, a
Jew of Moscow, was on the spot, awaiting events
and preparing for them. There was always some
emissary of Lenin on the alert at points of out-
break. Livien was at once elected a member of
the Executive Committee, and he at once declared
a poUcy in accord with that of the Russian Bol-
sheviks. There was to be no Diet, but only a
proletarian dictatorship. Bavaria was to be al-
lowed to work out its own scheme of government
without interference from Prussia. All over Ger-
many, independent Soviet RepubUcs were to be
set up. Here, in fact, were all the signs of Lenin's
world-revolution policy — the disintegration of the
State, a Communist subversion of authority, and
the rule of Moscow supreme. The Bavarian plan
was only partially successful from the beginning,
and in the end it failed, but it dovetailed into the
general conspiracy and helped it forward.

146 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

It is, in fact, the great strength of Lenin's ma-
noeuvres that even when immediately unsuccessful
they dovetail into the general cause, working for
its ultimate good. Germany did not prove ready
to jump to the Soviet idea, but the attempts to
force her to it, even while they failed, increased
that "attenuation by suffering" through which,
in Lenin's own declarations, the peoples through-
out the world could be brought to Bolshevist heel.

Thus, although Liebknecht had disappeared,
Moscow still dallied with the project, signed with
him, of ordering Soviet armies to take the offen-
sive against Germany. That was only one of sev-
eral offensives contemplated, and in attempting
these together the Bolsheviks bit off more than
they could chew. But if nothing came of this par-
ticular military enterprise, it has to be remem-
bered that the others in the plan — against the
Allies in North Russia and Denikin and Koltchak
in the South — have now all been accomplished,
largely no doubt through Allied mistakes. Lenin
has always known how to wait.

And circumstances have always enabled him
when pitted against other opportunists to wait
longest. Here let us recall that while it was
Germany who gave Lenin safe conduct to Russia,

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 147

it was ourselves who introduced Trotsky to his
side in that tinhappy country. Against the single
purpose which those errors aided, hand-to-mouth
policies had no chance ; and the aid lent to world-
revolutions by the errors was so timely that the
speculation is unavoidable whether they were not
deliberately directed to this end. The question
may well be asked how it came about that
Lenin and Trotsky were allowed to foregather in
Russia just in the nick of time for their grandiose
design.

The German Goverimients — both the Imperial
before the Revolution and those that came after
it — splayed an opportunist game with Lenin as he
with them, but he played it better. We have
Trotsky's account of Brest-Litovsk, and how Mos-
cow bided its time while that apparent victory for
the ex-Kaiser's policy worked out to its undoing.
His Socialist successors have similarly played fast
and loose with the Bolsheviks, according as the
Spartacist fortunes seemed to allow them to flout
Moscow or to favour it. The game is not finished.
Lenin's chief pawn in it is the Third International,
the creation of which, through the defeat of its
predecessors, has been his constant aim throughout
the war and since; and it is significant that revo-

148 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

lution in Germany is specifically set by the Third
International in the forefront of the Revolutions
which it was pledged to foster. The Bolshevist
hand was detected, by the most competent ob-
servers, in the Kapp rising, and this Mon-
archist failure strengthened the Spartacist cause
in Germany. We can trace the same design in
still more recent events, such as the Bolshe-
vist order which has gone forth for the expul-
sion of so influential a rival as Kautsky from
the ranks of the German Independent Socialists.
This is to be interpreted as a renewal of confidence
in Moscow, following on successes against Poland
to take a directing hand in German revolutionary
politics.

The Revolution in Hungary is particularly in-
structive. Here the Bolsheviks made clever use
of the exasperation aroused in a proud country by
peace conditions which placed it in a position of
inferiority to its ancient and despised enemies.
Bolsheviks make use of any weapon, even the
nationalism which is their main obstacle. If a
principle or a prejudice has possibilities they use
it; when it has served its purpose they throw it
aside. This dexterous inconsistency is one of the
secrets of their power. The appeal to nationalism

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 149

was for the time being successful in Hungary, just
as no doubt Lenin hopes he will have a similar
result from the appeal he is at present making to
the reviving national spirit in Russia, as shown
in the talk about recovering Russian territories
in Poland and the revival of the claims to
Constantinople.

The "National Council" which, it will be re-
membered, overthrew the Hungarian Government,
was composed, according to Mr. Ashmead-Bart-
lett, the special correspondent of the Daily Tele-
graph, of the leaders of the Radical wing of the
Old Independent Party, the Jewish Mafifia and
the Social Democrats. The ground had been care-
fully prepared by Jewish-Bolshevist propaganda,
and according to an account of it written by an
Hungarian lady. Mile. Charlotte Geocze, who at
the time of writing was obviously unaware of the
existence of the Protocols, it bears a striking re-
semblance to the plan of campaign outlined by
the "Learned Elders of Zion." In a series of
articles edited by the former Hungarian Prime
Minister, M. Huszar, the writer of one of them,
the editor of the Nenzeti Ujsag, emphatically de-
clares in that connection that Bolshevism cannot
be explained alone by the revolutionary spirit in

150 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

the air and by the economic crisis occasioned by
the war, unless at the same time one accepts the
fact that its moving force is the tenacious and
secret solidarity of the Jews. A further point
made is the continuous immigration of Russian
Jews into Hungary from the East, which proceeded
in a regular rotation; Jews settling down among
the Ruthenians as money lenders, ruining the
peasants and then returning home. A particular
race of Jews, the Khozar, took a prominent part
in this movement.

Bela Kun, the leader of the Hungarian Bolshe-
viks, was a Jew, and nearly all his ministers, like
Friedlander, Wertheim, Dorscak, and Kohn, were
also Jews. Kun was in close touch with Lenin,
and was directly inspired by him in all his acts.
Wireless communication was maintained between
Moscow and Budapest, and some of the messages
thus exchanged made exceedingly interesting read-
ing. In a weU-known message of greeting Lenin
was informed:

"The Hungarian Proletariat, which yesterday
took the entire State power into its hands, has
introduced the Dictatorship of the Proletariat into
the country, and greets you as the leader oj the
International Proletariat."

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 151

Many of these messages are to be found in the
book, Secret Documents of the Bolshevist Propa-
ganda, compiled by Professor Szabo, of Hungary,
and published in Budapest over a year ago. One
message from Tchicherin, the Bolshevist Com-
missary of Foreign Affairs, to Bela Kun, sent in
cypher, with reference to preparing the soil in
London, says:

"It would be useful to get into touch with the
Russian People's Information Bureau in London.
You could best do this by means of Sylvia Pank-
hurst, whom you can approach through the Daily
Herald."

In the Daily Herald of there recently appeared
the following:

"Mrs. Despard, Robert Dell, and Harold Gren-
fell, as the 'Donors' Committee' of the People's
Russian Information Bureau, are asking for £500
to clear off outstanding liabilities and the estimated
deficit on the next year's work of the Bureau.
The Bureau, as most of our readers know, exists
to circulate, coUect, and tabulate information on
the Russian situation."

Mrs. Despard is weU known. Mr. Dell was
formerly Paris correspondent of the Manchester

152 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Guardian, and was requested by the French
Government to leave Paris during the war. Mr.
Grenf ell was formerly in the Navy and attached to
the Embassy in Petrograd. He was the subject of
a question addressed to the Prime Minister by Mr.
Raper in the House of Commons on July ist, 1920.
Mr. Raper supplemented his question by asking
Mr. Bonar Law if he was aware that documents
had recently been sent to London by the British
Minister in Finland impHcating General Sir Hubert
Gough, head of the late Inter-AUied Military
Mission to Finland, also Commander Grenfell,
and Professor Cotter, "as being associated with
a notorious Bolshevist agent in Helsingfors."
Mr. Bonar Law rephed that he had not heard of
it, and subsequently, on July 13th, in reply to a
further question by Mr. Raper, the Leader of the
House said that he had read the letters referred
to, but did not think that they called for any
action.

The overthrow of Bela Kun was one of the
severest blows dealt at Bolshevism, but it is worth
while noting that General Smuts was entrusted
with one of those amazing Prinkipo missions for
the purpose of coming to some understanding with
the Bolsheviks before the French and the other

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 153

Allies were allowed to advance on and occupy
Budapest.

The campaign led by the Bolsheviks against
Hungary ever since the return of civilized govern-
ment has been extraordinarily malevolent and
widespread. Bela Kun's Jews, imported from
Russia, carried out appalling atrocities during
their tenure of power, and on his expulsion there
were some sporadic massacres organized by infu-
riated Hungarian officers, whose womenfolk had
been shamefully maltreated. But the Govern-
ment did, and is doing, all in its power to check
any such excesses. Notwithstanding that fact,
the pro-Bolshevik papers in Europe, including
those in England, were deluged with lurid accounts
of atrocities committed by the anti-Bolshevik
Hungarians. So persistent were these reports that
official inquiries were made by the Allied Missions
in Budapest, and their conclusions, which were
pubhshed in a British White Paper, were to the
effect that there v/ere practically no atrocities at
all, and that instead of thousands being massacred
not more than fifty had been put to death. Yet
in spite of this exposure, international labour has
decided on a boycott of Hungary, though in the
same breath it objects to any anti-Bolshevik

154 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

measures against Russia on the ground that it
would be interfering in the internal affairs of
another country.

In both Germany and Himgary and, since the
writing of this paper, also in Poland, the Jews of
Moscow have suffered checks, but the battle has
not yet been fought to a conclusion.

Revolutionary movements, both prior and sub-
sequent to the war, have now been analyzed, and
evidence of a common design, of a universal con-
spiracy, operating secretly through Freemasons
and openly through Bolsheviks, has been put
forward.

CHAPTER XII

To describe the unofficial activities of the Jews in
Paris would be to describe the work of the Con-
ference. Mr. Wilson was surrounded by them;
even M. Clemenceau had his watch-dogs; and as
for the British delegation, one has only to mention
the names of Lord Reading and Mr. Montagu
and the close interest they took in the delibera-
tions. Indeed, it will be remembered that there
was a strong movement to include the Lord Chief
Justice in the original delegation, but, owing to
the strong opposition aroused in this country,
nothing came of it.

Now the statesmen of Paris, like the Bolsheviks,
were guided by general principles. That is the
dominant, the peculiar feature of the Peace Con-
ference at Paris. And in that connection let us
quote from the History of the Peace Conference,
the first volume of which has just been issued
under the auspices of the Institute of International
Affairs. The concluding paragraph of an interest-

155

156 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

ing chapter on the Bolshevist attitude at Brest-
Litovsk is as follows:

"Thus by the close of the year it was evident
that the demand for evacuation and the right of
self-determination meant for the Bolsheviks no-
thing but the right of 'bolshevising,' and the appeal
of their peace formulae at Brest had long since
lost its original force. Yet, in their arguments
with the Germans, they had applied self-deter-
mination in a bold and far-reaching way, that
remained not without influence in many quarters ;
Ireland and Bosnia, Egypt, India, and Persia ap-
peared along with Posen and Alsace-Lorraine and
Armenia. The Russian catchword of ' peace with-
out annexations or indemnities,' which the Bol-
sheviks had taken over and amplified, had made
a deep, if indefinite, impression. The demand for
no economic boycotts figured among the war aims
of many anti-Bolshevist bodies of opinion, and
the precedent of the attempt to realize 'no secret
diplomacy ' was not forgotten. The effect of these
ideas was conflicting, and to a large extent impal-
pable, and they had become in the main divested of
any specifically Bolshevist setting, but, in conjunc-
tion with President Wilson's enunciation of princi-
ples, they coloured the minds and imaginations of
such numbers that they exercised an immediate and
profound influence upon the Peace Conference."

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 157

It is not by any means the first time that the
principles enunciated by President Wilson have
been linked up with the new gospel which is
being preached at Moscow. Indeed, there is rea-
son to believe that a famous European statesman,
smarting under the indifference of the Paris Mount
Sinai to the grievances of his country, bluntly
told the President that he and Lenin were preach-
ing the same doctrine, and that between the
Fourteen Points and the Kremlin manifestoes
there was little to choose. And really if judged
by their distintegrating force, there is little to
choose between the one set of pontifical ex-
plosives and the other. A Sinn Feiner or an
Egyptian Nationalist can justify murder from
either, and "making the world safe for democracy"
and "the dictatorship of the proletariat" sound
equally sweet in a rebel's ear. Common to both
Washington and Moscow is the necessity of an
international control of the world ; to one it is the
League of Nations, to the other it is the Third In-
ternationale. The idea is the same though the
instruments are different.

And it is difficult to estimate who shouted the
louder cry of self-determination. Trotsky and
his Jews were ready to barter away the whole

158 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Russian Empire for the sake of this holy principle.
Why ? Because Hke the ' ' Learned Elders of Zion' '
they saw beyond the ignorant present. At the
time of Brest-Litovsk the application of any
principle to the Russian Empire, shattered by war
and under the menace of Hoffman's whip, really
did not matter very much. But what about the
British Empire, and its diverse nationalities aU in
different stages of political development? Such a
principle skilfully appUed might have all the mys-
terious effects of an arsenical dose. The need for
some such doctrinal poison was all the more neces-
sary because to the surprise and disappointment
of the Bolsheviks the war did not end in a draw,
but in an overwhelming victory for the Entente
Powers. Accordingly the parrot cry of self-deter-
mination was used for all it was worth, and to the
intense gratification of Moscow was taken up in
Washington, and in many a sonorous sentence
was commended to French Senators and British
working men.

It worked, and is working extraordinarily well,
in Ireland, Egypt, India, and, who knows, perhaps
soon in Central Africa. The only place where
apparently it is not allowed to work is Palestine,
where less than twenty per cent, of Jews tmder Sir

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 159

Herbert Saxnuel are providing themselves with a
national home at the expense of eighty per cent,
of Arabs. To sacrifice an Empire for a principle
is surely a new thing in political idealism. Self-
determination has indeed proved the choicest
weapon in the Bolshevist armoury. Trotsky could
afford to be generous to Finland if it meant in
time the gradual break-up of the United Kingdom ;
he could scatter constitutions among the Baltic
States and the Tartars of the Caucasus if the news
of this largesse were to awaken the appetites of the
politically half-baked communities of the British
Empire. All Trotsky's anticipations have been
amazingly realized as the British taxpayer rue-
fully admits when he thinks of the mihtary bud-
gets of Egypt, Ireland, Mesopotamia; war can be
fought with ideas as well as with minenwerfer.

The British Empire at this moment is in the
full throes of the revolutionary trouble bequeathed
to it by the Peace Conference with its crude views,
its mandates and plebiscites, and all the parapher-
nalia of democratic quackery. Self-determination
is producing its monstrous brood all over the
Empire, but it is curious to note how quiescent it
is at present in the lands where the Bolshevist
writ runs. It is now on the ebb, and the tide is

i6o THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

running in favour of nationalism; witness the
recent declaration of Bukharin on behalf of the
Soviet of Peoples' Commissions for the reconstruc-
tion of a great and powerful Socialist Russia,
"which cannot exist if she does not hold the Straits
of Constantinople." Here again is another illus-
tration of the way in which the Bolsheviks will use
a weapon and then discard it when it has served its
purpose.

It is, then, a curious coincidence that, apart
from their divergent views on the subject of capital,
Washington and Moscow should have so much in
common. The trump card of both is the same —
international control — and if Lenin abominates
the League of Nations, he does so because it
is capitalistic, not because it is international.
Whence, then, did Mr. Wilson derive his material?
It was a subject which greatly interested Paris
during the Peace Conference, and much was
written about the eminent Jews who surrounded
the President. The present scheme for the
League of Nations was originated in 19 14 at the
Conference of the League to Enforce Peace under
the leadership of Dr. Eliot and ex-President Taft.
The plan then submitted was the basis of the
scheme of the League as drafted at the Paris Con-

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST i6i

ference by Lord Robert Cecil, General Smuts, and
President Wilson. These names do not give war-
rant for the theory that the League of Nations as
now constituted is the result of the work of Jewish
Internationals.

During the war, before America intervened,
writes "Pertinax, " in the Echo de Paris "was
founded the American Neutral Conference Com-
mittee, which took upon itself the task of bringing
about peace with a victorious Germany. Then
appeared for the first time all the formulae of the
League of Nations, the anathemas launched against
the 'old diplomacy,' which was said to be respon-
sible for bringing about the war. On this point
consult the work. How the Diplomatists Caused the
War, written by Mr. Heubsch, the colleague of
the Neutral Conference Committee."

The brilliant French writer, M. Charles Maur-
ras, in his book Les Trois Aspects du PrSsident
Wilson also deals with this subject — "The decisive
influence exercised on Mr. Wilson by a very small
company, financiers by profession, domiciled be-
tween Hamburg, Frankfort, and New York."
"They were," he says, "identified with the Asso-
ciation for the League of Free Nations, with its
seat in America. M. Maurras goes on to declare

i62 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

that Mr. Wilson in time fell completely under their
influence, and that there is written evidence to
that effect, and he is inclined to the opinion that
Freemasonry was used as the channel for the dis-
semination of these ideas.

Here, then, there opens up a most fruitful field
of speculation. But let us carry the argument a
little further. The principle of self-determination,
as we have seen, not only tends to act as a solvent
of existing Empires, but it also handicapped
seriously the creation of the new States which
were brought into existence by the magicians of
Paris. To imagine that a nation could be created
by a plebiscite, and that a State could be con-
stituted on the principle of nationality alone, with-
out securing for it adequate economic safeguards
and strategic frontiers, was a fallacy entertained
at Paris which has had most unfortunate conse-
quences for the peace of Europe. In Turkey, the
fallacy reached ludicrous lengths. An independent
Armenia was created, and the guarantors of its
independence at present are Viscount Bryce and
the humanitarians of the world; nobody else wUl
touch it.

Moreover, even if it were safely constituted,
other believers in self-determination — Assyro-

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 163

Chaldeans, and so on — ^would raise claims against
it. The Hapsbuxg Monarchy has been divided
into States all beautifully constituted on the same
wonderful principle, but apparently incapable of
standing on their own legs. In plain words, the
Peace Conference was unable to reach a political
settlement, and because there was no political
settlement we now have economic unrest, high
prices, demands for increased wages, strikes to
enforce them, and general Bolshevism. The
protocols say:

"We will create a universal economical crisis
by all possible underhand means, and with the
help of gold which is aU in our hands."

Now, the supreme instance of this attempt to
create States on an unsure foundation, and with-
out proper economic and strategic frontiers, is
Poland. Let us briefly summarize the case for that
country. The policy of France throughout her
history had been to seek some ally in tne East who
would act as a check on any move by the German
States across the Rhine. Turkey, Sweden, Russia,
all acted as that counterpoise, and with the fall of
Russia French statesmen looked to the creation of
a strong Poland to serve that historic purpose. A

i64 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

strong Poland was, therefore, a French interest,
and, as Great Britain is the ally of France, pre-
sumably a British interest also. Indeed, to judge
from a recent quotation by Mr. Lloyd George of
a speech of Disraeli, a strong Poland would, in
British eyes, act as a check not only on Germany
but on Russia.

Now, what happened at Paris? Strategically
and economically Poland was compelled to make
a bad start. The Polish Commission three times
reported in f avotu: of giving Dantzig to Poland, and
three times their report was turned down — by Mr.
Lloyd George. On the question of Upper Silesia
the Commission was also favourable to Poland,
and therein it was backed by President Wilson.
But one fine day the President veered rotmd, and
insisted on a plebiscite. That change of mind was
one of the mysteries of the Conference which may
some day be revealed. The same story of a vague,
unsettled conclusion applies to Eastern Galicia.
Thus, in such vital matters as sea communications,
coal and oil supply, Poland was severely handi-
capped from the very beginning. Why? A strong
Poland is not a Jewish interest. For one thing, how
many EngHshmen are aware of the enormous
Jewish population which lives within the ethno-

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 165

graphical boiindaries of Poland ? In 1 9 1 o the total
number of Jews in the world was, roughly, 12,506,-
238, and in 1900 almost five million Jews lived in
Polish territory. It is interesting, too, to note that
since the Russian Revolution of 1905, there was
a distinct movement in Poland to get rid of the
monopoly exercised by the Jews in aU commercial
and financial activities in Poland by the creation of
Polish Co-operative Societies. It is perfectly clear
that a strong national Polish Government would
further develop that policy, and might lead in
time to measures which would by no means prove
welcome to the enormous Jewish population con-
centrated within its territories.

Now, a strong Poland is also not a German
interest, and here the Jews and the Germans work
hand in hand. Thus, the semi-ofi&cial Deutsche
Allgemeine Zeitung of January 30, 1919, recog-
nizes openly the solidarity of German and Jewish
interests. It goes in for a study of the postu-
lates, which are almost identical to those we
have just entimerated, and draws the following
conclusions :

"Considering that the majority of the Jewish
population knows the German language, and that

i66 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

German civilization is familiar to them, the Jewish
element may be of the greatest use to Germany
for the reopening of those international relations
which have been interrupted by the war. Ger-
many will not cease to interest herself in Oriental
questions. The foundation of a Jewish Palestine
must be greeted with approval. This will, for
the reasons quoted above, help Germany in
ascertaining economic and intellectual links with
the East.

"The Jewish question will be of interest to Ger-
many on account of her vicinity in the Near East
with countries inhabited by Jewish masses. The
autonomy of the Jews in the East is one of the
foundation-stones of order and tranquillity in
these countries.

"It may be seen (says this newspaper, in con-
clusion) that there is no contradiction between
the desiderata of the Jews and German interests.
For this reason Germany will support Jewish
demands at the Peace Conference."

It was notorious during the proceedings of the
Peace Conference that whenever any decision
favourable to Poland was reached, Jewish gentry
from London hurriedly crossed the Channel for
the purpose of trjang to revoke it.

Thus, as we have said, Poland, as created by

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 167

the pundits of Paris, started badly. Her subse-
quent history has been equally unfortunate. The
Bolsheviks were exceedingly anxious to secure
their grip on a State which with its Christian faith
and Western traditions barred their march towards
the West. In the letter which Trotsky sent to
French Socialists as long ago as October, 1919, and
which was given in the Morning Post, he made it
clear in his bragging way that Poland's turn was
to come next. That Bolshevist offensive was
launched in March last, and failed for reasons
which have been explained by Major-General
Maurice, the military critic of the Daily News.
To say, then, that Marshal Pilsudski attacked
Russia, which all the Pacifists and Bolsheviks in
England are trumpeting forth every day, is untrue.
Marshal Pilsudski tried to do what the Serbians
were prevented from doing, that is to say, to
anticipate the enemy's offensive. From the very
beginning of his attack, a violent anti-Polish cam-
paign was started in England, and the English
dockers and railwaymen were called upon to
prevent the sending of munitions to Warsaw.

At the present moment, Russia and Germany
are joining hands over the threatened body of
Poland. If Russia and Germany are able to

i68 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

overwhelm Poland, the Treaty of Versailles be-
comes a scrap of paper, and the war has been
fought in vain.

Dr. Dillon, in his book on the Paris Peace Con-
ference, says:

"Of all the collectivities whose interests were
furthered at the Conference, the Jews had perhaps
the most resourceful and certainly the most in-
fluential exponents. There were Jews from Pales-
tine, from Poland, Russia, the Ukraine, Roumania,
Greece, Britain, Holland, and Belgium; but the
largest and most brilliant contingent was sent by
the United States."

And with reference to that great achievement
of the Jews at Paris, the Minority Treaties, he
says:

' ' It may seem amazing to some readers, but it is
none the less a fact that a considerable number of
Delegates believed that the real influences behind
the Anglo-Saxon peoples were Semitic. They con-
fronted the President's proposal on the subject of
religious inequality, and, in particular, the odd
motive alleged for it, with the measures for the
protection of minorities which he subsequently
imposed on the lesser States, and which had for

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 169

their keynote to satisfy the Jewish elements in
Eastern Europe. And they concluded that the
sequence of expedients framed and enforced in this
direction were inspired by the Jews assembled in
Paris for the purpose of realizing their carefully
thought-out programme, which they succeeded in
having substantially executed. However right or
wrong these Delegates may have been it would be
a dangerous mistake to ignore their views, seeing
that they have since become one of the permanent
elements of the situation. The formula into which
this policy was thrown by the members of the
Conference, whose countries it affected, and who
regarded it as fatal to the peace of Eastern Europe,
was this : ' Henceforth the world will be governed
by the Anglo-Saxon peoples, who, in turn, are
swayed by their Jewish elements.' "

It should be remembered that the original claims
of the Jews went much further than those which
were eventually sanctioned by the Conference.
"The hero of the Minority Treaties," to quote the
phrase of the Jewish Guardian, the able and
moderate organ of Anglo- Jewry, was Mr. Lucien
Wolf — the same gentleman who has recently been
attacking the protocols. As Mr. Israel Zangwill
said, "The Minority Treaties were the touchstone
of the League of Nations, that essentially Jewish

ijo THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

aspiration, and the man behind the Minority
Treaties was Ludeu Wolf."

Let us in conclusion briefly summarize the argu-
ment which has been put forward above. Bolshe-
\ism and Wilsonism have much in common —
including their insistence on international control
and on the principle of self-determination. That
principle tends to promote rebellion in the British
Empire, and at the same time to lead to the crea-
tion of artificial States unpro\dded by adequate
economic and strategic safeguards. Poland is an
instance of such a State, and Poland has had to
face an opposition in which Jews, Bolsheviks,
Germans, and pro-Bolsheviks in this country' are
pla>-ingapart. Poland at this moment is menaced
with destruction, and if it succumbs the Entente
Powers of the West have lost the war.

CHAPTER XIII

Previous chapters have dealt with plots that have
come to full accomplishment either in success or
failure. The present is concerned with a con-
spiracy still in the making, which bids fair to be
more vast and fraught with more terrible conse-
quences than any that preceded it. Moreover, it
intimately concerns the British Empire, though it
is not exclusively directed against it. It is only
necessary to talk with any one who is weU ac-
quainted with the East to learn beyond all shadow
of doubt that there exists throughout the Orient
an organized intrigue against European and Chris-
tian supremacy. If the person consulted has made
a long and careful study of the tortuous politics
and secret tendencies of Asia, the information
given will become startling by its definite menace
and by the proof of the existence of a revolutionary
organization that spreads its tentacles from Europe
and America over the whole of North Africa and

Asia.

171

172 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

Before discussing the danger that must be faced,
it may be well to consider how far Great Britain,
the Power most seriously threatened, is in a posi-
tion at home to overcome this serious threat.
After the Russian Revolution a section of the
Jewish Press displayed an alarming affection for
Bolshevist ideas, and openly encouraged Bolshe-
vist propaganda in Great Britain. The Morning
Post had occasion to draw attention to this danger-
ous campaign, which was disavowed by the leading
patriotic Jews, as is shown by the following letter
published in its columns:

"Sir, — We have read with the deepest concern
and with sincere regret certain articles which have
recently appeared in two closely associated Jewish
newspapers in this country on the topic of Bolshe-
vism and its 'ideals.' In our opinion, the publi-
cation of these articles can have no other effect
than to encourage the adoption of the theoretic
principles of Russian Bolsheviks among foreign
Jews who have sought and found a refuge in Eng-
land. We welcome, accordingly, your suggestion
that British Jews should 'dissociate themselves
from a cause which is doing the Jewish people
harm in aU parts of the world.' This is profoundly
true, and we, on our own behalf and on behalf of
numbers of British Jews with whom we have con-

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 173

ferred, desire to dissociate ourselves absolutely
and unreservedly from the mischievous and mis-
leading doctrine which these articles are calculated
to disseminate. We repudiate them as dangerous
in themselves and as false to the tenets and teach-
ings of Judaism.

"Partly in order to counteract the mistaken
poHcy of the newspapers referred to, the League
of British Jews was founded in November, 1 91 7.
The proceedings and views of the League are pub-
lished in a monthly bulletin, entitled Jewish Opin-
ion, which can be obtained at the offices of the
League, 708-709, Salisbury House, E.C.2, and
which may eventually be merged in a larger jour-
nal appearing at more frequent intervals. For we
thoroughly concur with your criticism that 'the
British Jewish community, most of whom,' as you
rightly say, ' are by no means in sympathy with this
(Nationalist) crusade, are being served very badly
by their newspapers.' Meanwhile we take this
opportunity of repudiating in public the particular
statements in those newspapers to which you have
felt it your duty to call attention. — Yours, etc.,

Lionel de Rothschild. Leonard L. Cohen,

swaythling. i. gollancz.

Philip Magnus. John Monash.

Marcus Samuel. C. G. Montefiore.

Harry S. Samuel. Isidore Spielmann.

"April 22, 1919."

174 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Unfortunately the attitude of these patriots
was not that of all British Jews, and they were
violently attacked for their action. Nor can it be
said that the political behaviour of those Jews who
have taken a leading part in the Government of
Great Britain has been reassuring. It can scarcely
be said that Sir Alfred Mond's political achieve-
ments merit his inclusion in the Ministry. The
connection of Lord Reading, our Lord Chief Jus-
tice, with the Marconi affair was, to say the least
of it, by no means in accordance with the traditions
of our public life. More serious still is the appoint-
ment of Sir Herbert Samuel as Governor of Pales-
tine, where a Jew will be called upon to hold the
balance between an Arab majority and a Jewish
minority in a hot-bed of intrigues. Then Mr.
Montagu, despite his family relationships with a
firm which has established something resembling
a monopoly in the silver market, is Secretary for
India.

As for Mr. Montagu's attitude, he disclosed it in
a fit of irritation in his opening speech in the Dyer
debate in the House of Commons. His speech was
not the calm advocacy of his Government's policy
which one has the right to expect from a Minister
of State whose conscience is untroubled. It was an

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 175

elaborate extenuation of Indian sedition by one
who has confessed himself proud of the friendship
of that leader of rebellion, Mr. Gandhi, and Mr.
Montagu's excited denunciation of British "ter-
rorism" in India might take its place beside the
striking poster referred to by Mr. Rupert Gwynne:
"Conquer the English monkeys with bravery.
This is the command of Mahatma Gandhi. Get
ready soon for the war, and God will grant victory
to India."

The idea of a world conspiracy directed against
law and order, and indeed against Christian civili-
zation itself, would before the war have seemed
absurd and impossible to the average Englishman.
The idea that there could be an intimate connec-
tion, say, between a revolution in Portugal, a strike
at home, and a murder in India would never have
occtirred to any ordinary man before August, 1914.
The war has produced a complete change of men-
tality, because we have had concrete proof of close
connection between rebellion in Ireland, trouble in
Egypt, disaffection in India, revolution in Russia,
to mention only a few of the disorders brought
about by Germany.

It might have been expected that when the war
was finished German propaganda would have

176 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

come to an end and everything returned to its
previous state of tranquillity. But it is becoming
every day more evident that the conspiracy against
civilization did not finish with the defeat of Ger-
many. The Germans certainly used various or-
ganizations against us, but, as it has been our
object to show, they never really controlled or
directed them. Behind the scenes was a "formid-
able sect" using the Germans for their own ends
instead of being used by them, and when Germany
fell and German money disappeared, the conspir-
acy still went on unimpeded.

The Germans, when they sent Lenin to Russia,
availed themselves of those secret forces of which
they had already made use against Great Britain.
The directors of the secret conspiracy were quite
ready to use the Germans for their own ends of
poisoning European democracy. Yet the first
result of Lenin's journey to Russia after the col-
lapse of Russia was, as Ludendorff admits, the
downfall of Germany.

Those who were with the Allied troops after the
Armistice in the sectors of the front where the
enemy had been demoralized by Bolshevist propa-
ganda had clear evidence of the terrible power of
the forces that the Lords of Germany had so

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 177

foolishly let loose. When the French troops first
reached the Rhine at Neu-Brisach, a number of
motor lorries were surrendered. Each lorry was
driven across the river by two chauffeurs, one of
whom wore the red rosette that marked him as a
member of the Soviet, and the trembling officers
watched them as they simg songs of triumph, and
did not dare to give an order. A number of officers
had been shot down the night before. Many of the
lorries were decorated in celebration of defeat, and
it was only in the French lines that the officers
could insist on these decorations being removed.
It was no small local conspiracy that had tri-
umphed so completely over the arrogant Imperial-
ism and iron discipline of the German Army, and
the French showed their realization of this fact by
sternly upholding the German officers against any
sign of insubordination among the troops, who
were promptly ordered to remove the red rosette
from their caps.

Germany, in her lust for world rule, coquetted
with the hidden powers that were conspiring to
destroy not only the British Empire and the Allied
Nations but the whole of civilization and Christen-
dom. There can be no doubt that the enemy
employed the secret organizations which are the

178 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

cause of the world unrest, and spent money like
water to obtain their support. The "formidable
sect" was ready enough to take German money
and cause trouble among the Allies, but it jealously
guarded the control of its organizations, and when
the time came it left Germany to its fate.

Experts are agreed in saying that the cause of
the existing unrest in India is mainly an organized
form of propaganda which has been at work for
years, disturbing, as Mr. Montagu would say,
"the placid, pathetic contentment of the masses,"
and investigation shows that this organization,
which is steadily gaining strength, is of amazing
complexity. In 1 9 1 2 attention was officially drawn
to the existence of a conspiracy, organized with
extraordinary ingenuity in some centre which
cotdd not be discovered, throughout India in the
proceedings of the Commission on the Indian Army
of which Field- Marshal Lord Nicholson was Presi-
dent. India is not the only country affected; on
the contrary, the new gospel is preached in every
country of the East, whether under European con-
trol, semi-independent or independent, through-
out North Africa from Morocco to Egypt, in
Turkey, Arabia, and the whole of Asia including
Japan. Thus it is possible to find agents preaching

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 179

the same doctrines slightly adapted for local needs
in a "douar" in Morocco, in Teheran, Kabul, Con-
stantinople, or Calcutta. The whole of this vast
area is divided up into zones, each with its con-
trolling centre, from which direction is given, and
which passes on the word received from other
centres.

The character of the propaganda is even more
surprising than the perfection of the organization.
It is, generally speaking, neither rehgious nor
national, and this very point brings it at once into
line with our general inqtdry. On the positive side
it is what may be called democratic, and on the
more definite negative side anti-European and
anti-Christian. If the protocols are to be beHeved
the essential part of the universal conspiracy is
first the use of the word "Liberty, " which "brings
society into conflict with aU the Powers, even with
that of Nature and God," in order to set "all
Powers one against the other by encouraging their
Uberal tendencies towards independence." Else-
where the protocols state that "the triumph of our
theory is its adaptability to the temperament of
the nations with which we come in contact." In
the East, Liberty, EquaHty, and Fraternity, the
watchwords of the French Revolution, have been

i8o THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

replaced by American Republicanism. Republi-
canism is particularly suited for the East, since
"Republican rights are an irony for the pauper."
On the other hand, the fundamental notion of the
"formidable sect" is the destruction of Christian-
ity and all rehgion except the Jewish.

There is certainly a great similarity between
the propaganda now being carried on in Asia and
"the programme of violence and hypocrisy" ad-
vocated by the protocols. ReKgion is regarded
by the Asiatic intriguers as a useftd weapon, but
they do not insist upon it except when a reHgious
question gives them a chance of causing sedition
and fiu"thering their ends. They are aiming defi-
nitely at setting the Eastern world against the
Western, and therefore it is their intention to unite
the East and bridge over all reUgious and national
differences. The gospel they are secretly preaching
is Pan-Oriental, and their desire is to shake au-
thority in the States under Christian tutelage and
to arouse anti-Christian sentiment in independent
Eastern States. Asia against Europe is the object
at which they are aiming, and no doubt the plotters
hope to gain their ends in the world-wide confusion
that would accompany a war between West and
East.

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST i8i

One of the objects of the secret conspiracy is
"with the aid of Europe to promote on other con-
tinents sedition, dissension, and mutual hostility."
With this object in view the promoters of disorder,
who have one of their most important headquar-
ters in Switzerland, have portioned out the areas
on which they are to work. Seditious literature
and agents pass from Europe to Turkey, and their
influence spreads by definite routes over Asia
Minor to Persia and Afghanistan. From there
they pass to the tribes of the North-west Frontier,
and the zones of influence radiate out so that not a
village is missed.

Books that secretly hint at rebellion, speeches
made in Europe, and cunningly distorted articles
from European papers are distributed among those
who can read. The agent emphasizes every local
grievance and turns a molehill into a mountain,
always inculcating the doctrine of hatred of the
Christian. Above all, he uses everywhere he goes
his personal influence to persuade those he meets
that they are hardly treated, condoling with one
man on his undeserved poverty, flattering another
with tales of the great power that his abilities
merit.

There is no scarcity of such agents. They are

i82 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

produced in thousands, these missionaries of dis-
content, and their education is not the least of
the cares of the secret conspiracy. There are men
trained in India, Europe, and America who have
drunk in with their study of European knowledge
and culture a hatred of Europe. The teachers of
Eastern religions and their priests afford a use-
ful recruiting ground for such agents. Naturally
they are opposed to Christianity, and are ready to
pass on to their pupils the poison of hatred which
is all the more formidable that it is secretly or-
ganized. There are many European agents, some
of them mere faddists, who pass on the dangerous
doctrines unconsciously, while others deliberately
betray their own blood. From this point of view,
Eastern Freemasonry was extremely dangerous
when the Eastern lodges sought to emtilate the
secret societies of the French Revolution, but the
vigorous action taken by our authorities during
the war, especially in Egypt, has considerably re-
stricted its activity. The ' ' Invisible Force ' ' which
is arraying its might against Christendom has
never doubted the importance of education. It is
laying its hand in the East on the coming genera-
tion, for wherever there is a native school within
the limits of its propaganda, its gospel is being

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 183

preached, and the most certain proof that the
whole movement is being directed by a single
secret agency is that this teaching is identical from
Morocco to the heart of Asia.

Among the agents employed in the East there
are few Jews. It must be remembered that the
people of the East have an insuperable if tolerant
contempt for the Jew. This attitude is not the
least of the reasons why it appears supremely im-
politic to have Mr. Montagu Secretary for India
and Sir Herbert Samuel Governor of Palestine.
If the great conspiracy is to be overcome there
must be the strictest impartiality on the part of
rulers and governors. If revolution has not al-
ready broken out it is that there is stUl a mass of
moderate and indifferent opinion which is refrac-
tory to this propaganda.

Whether this gigantic plot of throwing East
against West is to be attributed to the "formidable
sect" is a question that must be left to the individ-
ual judgment. All that can be said is that the
purpose pursued and the methods employed are
practically identical with those which have been
considered in these papers. A concrete instance
of the working of this conspiracy and a considera-
tion of certain disquieting circumstances that

i84 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

accompanied it may throw some light on the
question.

It may be remembered that on July i, 1909,
Colonel Sir W. Curzon Wyllie, an Indian official
respected and admired by both natives and Euro-
peans, was murdered at the Imperial Institute by
a native named Dhingra, who paid for the crime
with his life. There were certain facts connected
with this murder which were never made public.
There is reason to believe that shortly before the
crime, Dhingra had been in Paris, and it was said
that a Nationalist manifesto dated from Paris was
found among his papers. It is certain that a week
before, the Anarchist section of the Paris police
was informed that a group of Indian conspirators
in Paris were displaying great activity, and that
they were preparing to bring off a coup either in
France or England, probably the latter. Unfor-
tunately this information was not passed on to the
English police, as possibly further investigation
might have prevented this dastardly murder.

This Paris group had been working against the
Empire for a considerable period, and its existence
was well known to the French police, who took all
necessary precautions that no outrage should be
committed in the territory for which they were

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 185

responsible. Many meetings were held in a house
in the Rue Laffitte and elsewhere, and a vigorous
propaganda carried on. There were some genuine
native fanatics among the conspirators, and
several members of the Indian colony were terror-
ized into supporting them with ftmds and declaring
a reluctant sjonpathy with a movement that filled
them with alarm and reptdsion. In particular,
the plotters sought adherents among the young
natives who came to the Paris University to study,
and their threats and bloodthirsty language scared
some of these students, who were anything but
warlike by nature, almost out of their wits.

An important member of the group was a woman
of German extraction, who appeared to be the
chief controller of its action. There was, however,
another woman, a Jewess, who was in friendly
relations with the conspirators, though there is no
proof that she took any part in their plots. This
Jewess was a very remarkable person. Good-
looking and ambitious, she flaunted as the con-
fidante of a dignitary of the Third Republic, and
it was public report that, with the aid of her own
people and the invaluable support of the Grand
Orient, she exercised behind the scenes a power
equal to that of many a Minister.

i86 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

In those days French Freemasonry was still a
great political power. It was no longer practically
supreme in politics, since its position had been
badly shaken by the discovery of the part that
it had been playing in the Army. The scandal
that led to the resignation of General Andre, the
Minister of War, showed that secret reports drawn
from Masonic sources were being officially used to
the prejudice of officers who were opposed to the
form of Freemasonry existing in France. Attend-
ance at church was reported to the authorities and
actually served as a bar to promotion. The popu-
lar outcry that resulted from these disclosures
seriously weakened the political power of the
Grand Orient, though in secret, thanks to its or-
ganization and hold on the Radical Deputies and
Senators, it still possessed immense influence.

It must be remembered that in France the
Masonic movement was permeated with Jews.
The Hebraic element was strongly represented in
the Gentile lodges, and there existed Jewish
lodges to which no Gentile members were ad-
mitted and in which no language other than Yid-
dish or German was spoken.

The "formidable sect" has never hesitated in its
recognition of the importance of "encouraging the

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 187

ideas of others and using them for its own pur-
pose." Further, the protocols admit that their
poUcy includes "a number of private assassina-
tions accomplished by our agents, the blind sheep
of our flock, who can easily be induced to commit
a crime, so long as such a crime is of a political
character." The stupid murder of Sir Curzon
WyUie was, according to the murderer, a political
"removal."

CHAPTER XIV

Ha\t:ng already given an outline of the vast
Asiatic plot which is aimed directly at the whole
of Europe as well as the British Empire, we will
now draw attention to the conspiracy which, each
day gro'ttong in violence, is directed at "the
Achilles's heel of England," Ireland. The imme-
diate purposes of these intrigues are clear enough,
and it is evident that they would fit perfectly into
"the programme of violence and h3rpocrisy " which
has been put forward in this book as the secret
cause of world unrest.

The crimes which are Ireland's daily history
cannot plead the excuse of hot-headed impulse or
blind revenge. They are carried out in a spirit of
cold, calculating brutality, and as a Roman Catho-
lic priest wrote in a letter to the Dublin Daily
Express, they are "the diabolical work of an or-
ganization." Throughout the world tlie story is
the same — murder, outrage, and disorders con-
trived and controlled by some invisible power of

1 88

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 189

evil. In his Red Peril and Green, a book which is
a mine of information on the Irish question, Mr.
Dawson remarks that during the war "nothing was
more astonishing or nerve-racking than the cob-
web of intrigue, spun by a hidden hand, in which
the nation was enmeshed, and in which it felt itself
entangled at every crisis." Even more astonish-
ing and nerve-racking is the survival of this cob-
web after the defeat of Germany. During the war
at least we knew the identity of the spider which
sptm the web, but now the cause of aU the trouble
is obscure and mysterious, and the forces of civili-
zation seem to be fighting in the dark.

The stability of the British Empire is the chief
obstacle which those who aim at ^the overthrow
of European civilization have to overcome, and
Ireland is, according to Karl Marx and the modem
Bolsheviks, the Empire's weakest point. Mrs.
Webster, in her letter to the Morning Post pub-
lished on July 18, 1920, quoted Karl Marx on
Ireland, and his proposal to the International that
they should, in order to prepare the way for re-
volution in England, support the Irish demand
for independence.

This Marxian view is still accepted by the In-
ternationalists, and the whole question has recently

igo THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

been discussed by Dr. Hermann Goiter, author of
The World's Revolution, and described in the Bol-
shevist Press as a Professor at the Moscow Uni-
versity. He is connected with the Dutch Com-
munists, and he writes frequently for the Bolshevist
papers of this country. Writing in the Workers'
Dreadnought, Miss Sylvia Pankhurst's paper, on
"Ireland: the Achilles's Heel of England," Dr.
Gorter states that the demand of small nations for
independence can now be supported by Bolsheviks,
because Imperialistic CapitaUsm is shaken, and
"this independence now becomes a means to
weaken the position of aU the big capitalistic
nations, and even to cause their downfall."

Developing the application of this idea, which is
one of Lenin's, the Bolshevist professor writes:

"For no country is this more true than for
Ireland. If Ireland should become independent,
Great Britain would be struck to the very founda-
tions. Now, therefore, it is the duty of aU British
Communists to demand the complete independence
of Ireland, and to take all the measures required
to bring it about, and for the entire Third Inter-
national this is of the utmost importance. Again,
England is the rock on which Capitalism is firmly
rooted, the bulwark of world Capitalism, the hope

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 191

of all counter-revolution and all reaction. But
Ireland is the Achilles's heel of England. For the
revolution on the European continent, therefore
for the world revolution, it is a vital question that
British Capital shoiold be hit there."

Dr. Gorter states that "the gigantic genius of
Marx saw all this long ago," and he quotes the
following from Marx, which supplements Mrs.
Webster's quotations :

"That country which makes entire nations into
its proletarians, which encompasses the whole
world in its gigantic arms, that once already has
defrayed out of its own funds the cost of a Euro-
pean restoration, in the very heart of which the
class-antitheses have developed into the most
pronounced and shameless extreme: that England
seems to be the rock against which all revolu-
tionary waves are broken, and which starves the
new society already in the maternal womb. Eng-
land dominates the world's market. A subversion
oj the national economic relations in any country of
the European continent, or in the whole of the Euro-
pean continent, would be without England no more
than a storm in a glass of water. The relations of
industry and commerce within every nation are
dominated by their intercourse with other nations,
and depend on their relation to the world market.

192 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

England, however, dominates the world market,
and the bourgeoisie dominates England."

Dr. Gorter points out that the above ' ' applies in
almost a magic way to our own times." England's
"gigantic transport fleet" is a menace to the
Socialist order, and now that Germany is defeated,
England practically dominates the markets of the
world. "Now also Great Britain is the rock of
Capitalism in Eiu-ope." He then quotes Marx on
Ireland. Marx wrote :

"Ireland is the stronghold of English landed
aristocracy. The exploitation of this country is
not only the main source of the national wealth,
it forms likewise England's greatest moral strength.
It represents, in fact, the domination ot England
over Ireland. Ireland, therefore, is the great
expedient, by means of which the English aris-
tocracy maintains its domination in England itself.
On the other hand, withdraw the English Army
and police from Ireland tomorrow and you will
straightway have an agrarian revolution in Ireland.
The fall of the English aristocracy in Ireland,
however, needs must imply and inevitably leads
to their overthrow in England. Through this the
primal condition for the proletarian revolution in
England would be fulfilled."

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 193

The remainder of the quotation given by Her-
mann Gorter from Marx is the one given by Mrs.
Webster. Commenting on these statements of
Marx, Gorter says that while the conditions in
Ireland today have changed since Marx wrote,
what he said to the First International "applies
still, and a himdred times more, to the Third.
The Third International must strive by every
possible means to promote the independence of
Ireland."

"But in the hands of the British workers lies
the fate of Ireland (concludes Dr. Gorter). They
must follow the example given by Lenin and the
Russian Bolsheviks, who, in order to make
the revolution in the whole of Russia, demanded
the independences of Finland and Poland and the
Baltic States. The attitude of the British workers
with regard to Ireland is the barometer for the
British revolution." (From the Workers' Dread-
noughi, May 8, 1920.)

Since Trotsky, Lenin, and Hermann Gorter have
paid so much attention to the need for breaking
up the British Empire, the organs of Bolshevism
and Revolution have followed this lead. The
Socialist (Glasgow), the organ of the Socialist
Labour Party, in its leading article on June 17,
1920, discussing the trouble in Ireland, remarks:
13

194 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

"V affaire Irlandaise will yet prove the rock on
which the British Empire, the greatest partner-
ship of world-robbery and slaughter in history,
will perish. The dissolution of the British Empire,
the centre and stronghold of world-capitalism, is
the necessary prelude to the success of the world
revolution of the working class. We of the Social-
ist Labour Party of Great Britain are everywhere
attempting to the best of our ability and resources
to awaken British Labour to action in recognition
of its duties and responsibilities to Ireland. . . .
The success of the Irish working class is our
success."

During the last decade a great and striking
change has come over Irish aims and methods.
The struggle against the British Empire is being
controlled by far more dangerous and subtle brains,
and one is forced to the conclusion that the real
directing force regards Irish independence not as
an end in itself, but as a means towards the accom-
plishment of world-wide anarchy. In the past
Ireland complained of English misgovemment,
and at least admitted a solution of the problem
which would have left it within the Empire. To-
day Ireland will have no part or parcel in the
British Empire, and seeks in the pursuit of its
independence the destruction of the social order.

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 195

The time of sporadic rebellion has passed with
the period of Parliamentary agitation. Sinn Fein,
once an intellectual movement, has been swept
away and finds itself united with organized Irish
Labour and the Social Revolutionaries pledged to
the cause of Bolshevism and Anarchy throughout
the world.

It is a suggestive study to trace the means by
which this vital change was brought about. The
principal agent was James Connolly, who intro-
duced into the politics of Irish disaffection the
philosophy of Social Revolution. From 1903 to
191 1, ConnoUy was in America, and there, as Mr.
Dawson points out in the book quoted above, he
came under the influence of L6on, who counted
Lenin among his disciples. It was Connolly's
work that enabled Mr. de Blacam to make the
proud boast that Bolshevism was born in Ireland,
and Lenin himself admitted that he owed much to
the Irish rebel who was executed after the rebellion
of 191 6. Here we have incontrovertible proof of
the unity of control and direction that underlies
disorders in every part of the world. Long before
Germany had fallen and could no longer provide
Ireland with the sinews of war, the Irish movement
had come into contact with the High Priest of

196 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Bolshevism and was ready to play its part in the
world conspiracy. ConnoUy was one of the or-
ganizers of the Industrial Workers of the World in
America, and as such had every reason to become
acquainted with many of those who brought about
the Russian Revolution. There he must have
learnt the doctrines that the "formidable sect"
was spreading through the world for its own
purposes.

A direct Unk between the great Asiatic con-
spiracy and the Irish plot is apparently to be
found in the person of Liam Mellowes, who played
a leading part in America in bringing about the
open alliance between the Sinn Fein organization
and Russian Bolshevism. In the rebellion of 191 6,
this Mellowes commanded a rebel force in County
Galway, and after its coUapse he escaped from
Ireland, probably to Germany. Later, he is to be
found in New York working with a German agent.
His main object on this occasion was to organize
another revolution in Ireland in the spring of 1918,
an attempt that failed but another of his enter-
prises was from our point of view very significant,
since it consisted in forwarding money to the
Turks and establishing a mysterious Turkish or-
ganization in America. It would be interesting

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 197

to know whether this organization which thus
came into existence after the United States had
entered the war has disappeared, or whether it
maybe anyway responsible for the perpetual flow
of subversive propaganda that finds its way into
Asia from America.

Of the part played by Sinn Fein during the war
there is no need to speak at length. It is a mat-
ter of public knowledge that German money was
poured into Ireland to encourage rebellion, and the
sinister figure of Casement serves as a perpetual
reminder of the treachery that was at work. So
far as the world conspiracy was concerned, Ireland
had long ago shown that it possessed good material
on which the promoters of disorder could reckon.
What better aUy could the "formidable sect"
desire than the Ribbonmen of 1850, who wore a
ribbon on their sleeves and in their hearts carried
the words of the Ribbon Oath:

"In the presence of Almighty God, and this my
brother, I do swear that I will suffer my right hand
to be cut from my body and laid at the gaol door
before I will waylay or betray a brother, and I will
persevere and not spare from the cradle to the
crutch and the crutch to the cradle; that I will not
hear the moans or groans of infancy or old age,

198 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

but that I will w^ade knee-deep in Orangeman's
blood and do as King James did.

Such an oath might well find its place in the
Protocols of the "Elders of Zion, " and Mr. Daw-
son, when he describes the Ribbon Society as
"imrivalled for the purpose of social revolution,
unscrupulous, mysterious, pitiless, "deaf to the
moans of infancy or age,'" wrote a phrase that
could equally well be applied to the world-wide
secret societies with which we have been dealing.

When Germanj'^ fell and rebellious Ireland could
hope for no more aid from that quarter, it was
natural that Sinn Fein should seek alliance with
Bolshevist Russia. The negotiations were carried
on in America by Mellowes, of whose acti^-ities
we have already spoken, and Dr. McCartan, Sinn
Fein "ambassador" to the United States. The
Bolsheviks sent over a Mr. Martens, and an offen-
sive alliance was concluded. Dr. McCartan pro-
claimed to the world:

"The four mOHon people of the Republic of
Ireland, in their struggle to free themselves from
military subjugation, want and welcome the aid
of the free men of the Russian Socialist Federated
Soviet Republic. Between the Russians and the

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 199

Irish, isolated in their struggle against British
armies of occupation to found securely the Re-
public of Ireland, there can exist only the sense
of brotherhood which a common experience, en-
dured for a common purpose, alone can induce."

That the programme of Sinn Fein as at present
constituted is practically identical with that of
the Moscow International, founded to enforce the
dictatorship of the proletariat, the abolition of all
existing forms of government, and the expropria-
tion of all property, is shown by the following
parallel passages quoted by the Duke of North-
umberland in a speech made at a meeting of
members of the Houses of Lords and Commons
on July 7, 1920.

The Third International. Sinn Fein, 1918 and 1919.'

Immediate universal die- The enrolment of all workers

tatorship of the proletariat, in the Union, the Transport

involving the seizure of gov- Union forming an organized

emmental power to replace it proletariat. The establishment

by the apparatus of proletarian of Dail Eircann, a council of

power. This implies the set- duly elected representatives of

ting up of working-class institu- the Irish people to constitute

tions as ruling power, and the de facto as well as de jure a

principle of all rights to workers National Government. The

and no rights to any but establishment of Republican

workers, and is to be effected Courts and the compulsory

' Prom the Reports and Memoranda presented to the Inter-
national Labour and Socialist Conference at Berne, February,
1919.

200 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

by the displacement of all bour-
geois judges and establishment
of all proletarian courts, the
elimination of control by Gov-
ernment oflBcials, and substitu-
tion of new organs of
management of proletariat.

The disarming of the bour-
geoisie and the general arming
of the proletariat in order to
make revolution secure.

The dictatorship of the pro-
letariat should be the lever of
the immediate expropriation
of capital and the suppression
of the right of private property
in the means of production
which should be transformed
into the property of the whole
nation.

The fundamental principle
is to subordinate the interest of
the movement in each country
to the general interests of the
international revolution as a
whole.

withdrawal of litigants from
British Courts. The formation
(promised but not yet accom-
pUshed) of a board responsible
for local government to take
the place of the Local Govern-
ment Board.

With the Irish Volunteers
and formation of the Irish
Republican Army the latter
part of this ordinance may be
said to have been carried out in
Ireland.

To recover for the Nation
complete possession of all the
natural physical sources of
wealth of the country. To
win for workers of Ireland the
ownership and control of the
whole produce of their labour.
To abolish all powers and
privileges, social and political,
based on property not granted
or confirmed by the freely ex-
pressed will of the Irish people.

To assist in the efforts of the
working class of all Nations in
their struggle for emancipation.

This adoption of the Bolshevist programme has
meant wealth for Sinn Fein. Seven years ago it
was almost bankrupt; today it runs newspapers,
keeps up an army, and even equips its assassins
with motor-cars. A Helsingfors despatch of April,
1919, gives the key to this sudden accession of
riches. "The Council of People's Commissaries

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 20i

. . . have voted the sum of 500,000,000 roubles
monthly for the bureau of foreign propaganda.
The first payment of 500,000,000 roubles for the
month of February was sent to the Sinn Feiners in
Ireland."

Naturally enough, the Bolsheviks in England
stretched out a helping hand across the Irish
Channel to aid a movement that is admirably
organized, well furnished with the sinews of war,
and in all respects congenial to them. Mr. Snullie,
who was so honourably mentioned in Lenin's
despatches, sought to tempt Sinn Fein to the
"acctursed reactionary chamber" by the bright
prospect of finding there an array of Labour mem-
bers pledged, like them, to the world conspiracy,
and suggested : ' ' Your fight is our fight ; come over
and help us." The cry was promptly taken up by
the Bolshevist Press in this country, and the follow-
ing quotations show how close is the alliance sworn
between British Bolsheviks and Irish Sinn Feiners:

"In the fight of the world proletariat for the
overthrow of Capitalism, every conscious section
realizes that the British Government typifies
reaction in its worst form. It is Britain which
fights the war against Russia, Britain is behind
Horthy in Hungary, Britain is behind the German

202 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Junkers. Generally speaking, the overthrowing of
the British Government will be a tremendous
impetus to world revolt, and any people or class
which is helping to fight British reaction is de-
serving of support. Ireland, the nearest country to
Britain, is in revolt, and in spite of every cruelty
and repression, is more than holding her own."
(The Socialist, organ of the Socialist Labour Party,
and affiliated to the Moscow International, July
8, 1920.)

The British Socialist Party (London) published
in the CaK of April 22, 1920, the following manifesto:

' ' You wish to set up an Irish Republic. So be it.
The workers of Britain have no real quarrel with
your demand. Only the British ruling caste, drunk
with imperialism, and sodden with prosperity,
denies your claim — as it denies the similar claims of
the peoples of Egypt and India. The B.S.P. con-
demns the brutal methods employed by the
British Government in Ireland . . . and pledges
the B.S.P. to assist by all means in its power the
endeavours of the Irish people to national self-
determination."

The Worker, the organ of the Scottish Workers'
Committees, also affiliated to the Moscow Inter-
national, printed on July 17, 1920, an appeal from
a Sinn Feiner to Irish people in Britain :

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 203

"In the future you must view the industrial
centres in Britain as it were from a military point
of view and the outposts of our fighting front.
Realize the importance of your position and your
power to its full significance as a cog in the ma-
chinery that produces and distributes the means of
existence for Britain. You can help in changing
the control of the machinery, or if needs be, destroy
it — Thiggin Thu. Therefore, your place is in the
Workers' Committees."

The Call, June 10, 1920, in a leading article on
Mr. J. H. Thomas and the Irish railwaymen, says:

"Consider the Jrish situation! The vilest and
most despicable 'tyranny of modern times has
driven the Irish people into open rebellion. They
hold Ireland against their English masters. They
are desperately reckless, unscrupulous, if you will,
in their fight for the independence which has been
their dream for centuries. But they are right. . . .
AH that Austria, Russia, Spain, the tyrannies of
the past stood for, England stands for now. By
the sword, and by the sword alone, she holds
Ireland. The Irish railwaymen are bound to refuse
to carry troops, etc. They would be craven curs if
they did less, and it is the duty of every decent
Englishman to support them to the utmost limit
of his power."

204 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Equally explicit is a leading article in the
Worker of April 24, 1920:

"Come, fellow workers, stir yotirselves. We
have to go through it yet, for until we do Ireland
cannot be free, nor can we ourselves be free. Not
until we have attempted to cleanse the earth of
this foul garbage of Capitalist Militarism can we be
called men. So long as we make no move to pre-
vent these atrocities, we ourselves are participants
in them. Down tools and let Britain rot imtil
Ireland's wrongs are removed."

Tom Quelch, of the B.S.P. Executive, in an open
letter to a young comrade printed in the Call of
April 29, 1920, bids him:

"Think of the men of '48; think of the Com-
munards, think of the Chicago martyrs, think of
Marx, of Bebel, of Jaures, of William Liebknecht,
of William Morris, of Jim Connolly, of Debs, of
Lenin, of Karl Liebknecht, of Rosa Luxembourg,
of Bela Kun — think of all who have given so much
for the solidarity and happiness of the human
race — and work, and strive, and, if needs be, fight
in the service of the World SociaUst Republic."

Space will not permit more than a brief outline
of the activities of the Bolshevist conspirators in

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 205

South Africa, Australia, and Canada. In Johan-
nesburg and Capetown, two Russians preached the
world revolution, and as they spoke in Russian to
their own compatriots the meaning of their propa-
ganda was not as first realized by the authorities.
The result of their efforts was displayed in a strike
at Johannesburg, which the leaders proclaimed as
the herald of general revolution. M. Miliukov,
in his Bolshevism, An International Danger, tells
how when they were sailing from Mozambique at
the request of the authorities, who had discovered
their mission, one of them, named Lapinsky, told
the revolutionaries who had come to see them off
that the Russian Bolsheviks were the advance
guard of the world revolution, and that some day
he would return in triumph.

Very characteristic of the world conspiracy were
the means used for spreading revolutionary ideas
in Australia. A secret society organized in small
groups was at work preaching the Bolshevist
doctrine. It wiU have been noted that there is
an invariable tendency in this conspiracy in every
part of the world to use pseudonyms, partly no
doubt for security's sake, but also to enhance the
mystery that is not without its effect on the im-
agination of the public and to conceal too obvious

206 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

traces of racial origin. Thus, as we have shown,
many of the secret leaders of the French Revolu-
tion chose their own names, and it is the exception
to find a Russian Bolshevik who is not known by a
name that is intended not to define, but to hide his
family and race. In Australia we find the same
system. The members of the secret society con-
cealed their identities under false names, and car-
ried on their propaganda by unsigned typewritten
pamphlets. Their activities resulted in a violent
demonstration at Brisbane, which eventually
ended in the discomfiture of the Bolsheviks at the
hands of returned soldiers, and it is reasonable to
see their hand in the industrial unrest that followed
this aflEair.

Better known to the public are the results of
"the programme of violence and hypocrisy" in
Canada, where the movement is very closely con-
nected with the powerful revolutionary organiza-
tions of the United States. Toronto could boast
three Bolshevist societies, of which the members
were ninety per cent, foreign and seventy-five per
cent. Russian. The riots at Wumipeg, which were
ended by the vigorous action of the North-west
Mounted Police, a force that knows how to use
force when force is necessary, and by the arming

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 207

of loyal citizens, proved that Bolshevist propa-
ganda had made its impression in the West, though
the revolutionaries would never have attained
the temporary success they enjoyed had it not
been that the war veterans were canying on a
demonstration of their own for an entirely different
purpose. Among the Canadian Bolshevist leaders
there are many Russian and Jewish names, and
the gospel preached is the now familiar demand for
the overthrow of the ' ' damnable trinity of ReUgion,
Government, and Capitalism." It would be
difficult to find a better summary of the doctrines
set out in the protocols to be preached to all
peoples in order that the "formidable sect" may,
when the moment comes, grasp from the midst
of world anarchy universal dominion.

CHAPTER XV

The manifestations of the world conspiracy have
not affected really closely the daily life of the
average British reader. Revolutions in Russia or
Turkey, the failure of the Peace Conference, or
even disorder and bloodshed in Ireland, have less
immediate result on every day existence than the
menace of a German air raid. The subject now to
be discussed is of intimate concern to the pocket
and ambition of every citizen of the British Isles.
Since the Armistice, the clash between Capital and
Labour, the increasing demands for more money
and less work on the part of the labouring classes,
have had a definite and concrete effect on every
Englishman's pleasure and business. The main
pillar of British supremacy has been our indus-
trial predominance, and it is the object of this
chapter to ascertain how far the attacks now being
directed against that predominance are due to
external influence and to "the programme of
violence and hypocrisy" preached under the con-
trol of the "formidable sect."

308

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 209

The British working man is naturally "insular"
in his outlook, and it is only through foreign in-
fluence that the "formidable sect" could bring
him into line with the revolutionaries of the Conti-
nent. Such influence is mainly concealed, though
sometimes the alliance between British Labour
leaders and Russian Bolsheviks is flaunted before
the worid. No more comical example of this
alliance could be discovered than the presentation
of the Soviet Military Medal to Mr. Robert Wil-
liams, Secretary of the Transport Workers' Federa-
tion. It was to be expected that the Moscow
authorities would be anxious to confer the same
medal on Mr. Smillie, who has fought so nobly in
the cause of Bolshevism.

Throughout Great Britain, an attempt is being
made to create what Lenin would describe as "a
revolutionary situation." It has been shown how
continuous beneath the surface are the secret
influences that control all revolutions. This fact is
often ignored by the general public. It regards
each outbreak of revolution as a peculiar phenom-
enon due to conditions of contemporary society,
and quite unconnected with similar outbreaks in
the past. The demands and methods of our
present-day revolutionaries are regarded as quite

2IO THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

modem, and as an evidence of advanced thought,
if not ejcactly an indication of moral and social
progress. The Bolsheviks in Russia and the Left
Wing of the British Labour movement are not the
advocates of new and up-to-date doctrines, the
result of the better education, and, in the words
of Mr. FranJc Hodges, "the awakened conscious-
ness" of the workers, but they are putting before
the proletariat a rehash of shibboleths that have
been the stock-in-trade of the Litemationalists
and world-revolutionaries for well over a century.
To understand the revolutionary movement in
Great Britain, it is first necessary to explain that
the Socialist societies in this country are, with one
or two exceptions. International organizations;
and that their aims and methods and phraseology
are derived from foreign sources — ^mainly from
the Jews of Central and Eastern Europe. We shall
never really understand so-called British Socialism
if we fail to grasp this important fact. It is the
key to much that is otherwise inexplicable. It is,
of course, exceedingly difficult for those who are
not familiar with the ramifications of International
Socialism to perceive this alien influence in move-
ments that are apparently of British origin. This
diffictdty is increased by the fact that in this

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 211

country the known leaders of revolutionary or-
ganizations are generally of British birth. The
International Jew does not usually appear as the
leader, as he so frequently does on the Continent
and even in the Labour movement of America.
The British workman will not, as a rule, knowingly
be led by men of an alien race. There are, of course,
exceptions, as in the case of the Clyde strike in
January, 1919, when the chairman of the Strike
Committee was a Polish Jew tailor, and close
study shows that the Left Wing of the British
Labour and Socialist movement is completely
dominated by anti-British sentiments; and the
origin of these sentiments is to be found in the
foreign influences operating on the Continent and
in America.

An essential point in the study of the plans for
a revolution in Great Britain and in other parts of
the Empire is the connection between the theories
and doctrines of the German Jew, Karl Marx, and
the methods of our revolutionary Socialists and
Syndicalists. The British leaders of Socialism in
the latter part of the nineteenth and the beginning
of the present century were influenced very little
indeed by the writings of Marx. Mr. Robert
Blatchford, for instance, has often admitted that

212 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

he has never even read Marx's Capital. Mr.
H. M. Hyndman was the best exponent of Marx-
ism, but he is generally regarded by the modem
Marxians as "unsound," because he is a "Social
patriot." Until recently, then. Socialism in Eng-
land was more English in its aims and methods
than International or Marxian Socialism. But
just before the outbreak of war there was a
noticeable drift of the young men in the Labour
movement towards Marxian Socialism, with the
consequent tendency towards Internationalism and
revolution. Since the Armistice this Left Wing
movement has grown considerably, and Marxian
economic classes have been constantly increasing
in numbers. Hundreds of workers now attend
these classes, where they are taught the ethics of
the "class war" and the need for revolution.

It was the demand of the Marxists for this type
of "education" for the wage-earners that caused
the split in Ruskin College and led to the forma-
tion of the Labour College, now financed by the
National Union of Railwaymen and South Wales
Miners' Federation, and by the recently formed
Postal Workers' Union. This so-called educa-
tional movement is one of the most active Bolshe-
vist organizations in this country. The staffs of

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 213

the colleges, especially in the North, are ahnost
entirely composed of avowed Bolsheviks and offi-
cial members of societies affiliated to the Third
International at Moscow.

The Labour Colleges and the local economic
classes run in connection with these Colleges are
mainly concerned with the promulgation of Marx-
ism and the peculiar Internationalism, or anti-
patriotism, that is the foundation of the revolu-
tionary movement in Great Britain. Just prior
to the outbreak of war negotiations were taking
place for the establishment of an "International
of Young Proletarian Students." The people most
interested in the formation of this International
organization were the Germans. The German
Social Democrats were to be mainly responsible
for the financing of the whole scheme. Here in
England, the persons chiefly concerned with the
plan were the Marxists, including German and
Russian Jews. The scheme should have been
launched at the International Congress which was
fixed for August, 1914. The war prevented the
Congress being held. It is not without significance
that the persons in this country who were conduct-
ing the negotiations with the Germans became,
on the outbreak of war, actively associated with

214 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

various pro-German and Defeatist societies, and
some of them got into trouble with the authorities
in consequence.

This German-inspired scheme for the Inter-
national education of the proletariat of every
country contained the following proposals:

"(i) An International Federation of such So-
cialist and Labour Colleges as are provided and
controlled by working-class organizations inde-
pendently and not in co-partnership with those
bulwarks of Capitalism — the Chtu-ch and the
Universities.

"(2) An International Working-class Students'
Union, in order to secure the rank and file character
of this union, the unit to be not the Labour ' Leader"
or the Great Committee of such ' Leaders ' but the
class (controlled by the workers) for the study of
the principles of International Socialism.

"(3) A system of International Travelling
Scholarships to facilitate an interchange between
various countries of lectures on International
Socialism, and also to make it possible for working-
class students (men and women) to visit and study
the conditions in other countries than their own,
and to report to their organizations.

"(4) An International Socialist Library, in
order to bring within the reach of working-class
students translations of the best works on Inter-

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 215

national Socialism published in various countries,
and in connection with this library an Inter-
national Journal of Education showing the de-
velopments in education in different coimtries."

The war prevented the realization of this plan,
and now that Germany is scarcely in a position to
finance the scheme, efforts are being made to link
it with the Third International and to make the
Soviet Government responsible for its direction and
control. The Labour delegates to Russia brought
back a letter from Tchicherin on this matter in
which he promises to consider how this scheme
can be put into operation. The recipient of this
letter, Mrs. Bridges Adams, writing to a Bolshevist
paper, the Socialist, official organ of the Socialist
Labour Party, states that some months ago, if
peace had been made with Russia, it was proposed
to send from Britain this summer a party of
students of the many classes now being held for
the study of Marxian economics and industrial
history — about two hundred, including a con-
tingent from the James Connolly Labour College
in Dublin, to Russia, the others to Italy, Germany,
and Switzerland.

Mrs. Adams adds that at the present time, in
order to meet the cost of this Mission, Mrs. Ethel

2i6 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Camie Holdsworth, the ex-mill-girl authoress, is
appealing for £2000.

"However, if the money is not forthcoming in
Britain, an international appeal will be issued.
From Russia, when once the difficulties of which
Tchicherin has written me are removed, the re-
sponse will be generous, even to the extent, if
necessary, of sending a ship for the students and
defrajdng the cost of the Mission. Comrades will
see the great possibilities of this movement."

Mrs. Adams expresses the hope that this Inter-
national of Young Proletarian Students will work
"within and as an integral part of the Moscow or
Third International." She desires support for
Tchicherin's policy ' ' to bring together our Socialist
Labour students and Russian students ; to support
him by an earnest propaganda on the movement
here outlined in the factories and in the mines, and
in the branches of working-class organizations.
No mission from Britain would be more welcome
in Russia than a proletarian students' mission.
The Russian Socialists understand the meaning of
International Labour solidarity, and will not visit
upon young British workers the hellish crimes of
British Imperialism against Soviet Russia. . . .
Long live the youth of the Red International."

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 217

From the above statement it seems that the
Soviet Govermnent, with its overwhekning Jewish
influence, is now likely to take the place originally
assigned to the German Social Democrats for the
control and direction of the "education" of the
Labour movement in Great Britain and other
countries. In either case, however, the Inter-
national Jews would be the controlling power, and
we know that the instruction provided for the
wage-earners at the economic classes and at the
Labour Colleges is based on the writings and
theories of Jewish authorities in the world of In-
ternational Socialism.

The "Young Socialists' International" is a
movement to capture for Bolshevism the boys and
girls of the working class. At an international
Conference held at Berlin last December, it was
decided to call it the "Young Communist Inter-
national," and to affiliate to the Moscow Inter-
national. The British Section is the "Young
Socialist League, " and its official organ, first issued
in May last, is the Red Flag. The editor is Nathan
B. Whycer. The leaders in London are persons
with such British names as Saphire, Zeital, and
Troubman. In the first issue of the Red Flag
there is an article on the Berlin Conference of

2i8 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

young Socialists, written by A. Fineberg. This
article is followed by a letter from the "Executive
Committee of the Young Communist Inter-
national, " dated Berlin, February, 1920. The
letter concludes with the following statement :

"Just as the Russian youth in Russia are de-
fending the Socialist Republic in the front rank
of the Red army, just as in Germany the Socialist
youth are the standard bearers of revolutionary
Socialism, so the proletarian youth in the countries
of the Entente will enter the struggle for the over-
throw of the bourgeois Governments and the de-
struction of the Capitalist States, and for the
victory of communism through the dictatorship
of the proletariat."

Before a revolution can take place in any coun-
try, much preparatory work must be done. A
revolutionary situation must first be created, and
if the natural conditions of society do not tend in
this direction, efforts must be made to force them
into the right channel for revolution. This is the
purpose of the revolutionary Socialists and Syn-
dicalists in this country. Our revolutionaries,
working in conjunction with foreign revolution-
aries, who are mainly International Jews, have to
find ways and means of creating in Great Britain

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 219

an industrial crisis of such a magnitude that a
revolution will be practically inevitable. This is
the immediate problem of the revolutionary move-
ment here. How will this crisis be brought about?
A very significant quotation has already been
given:

"Want and opinion are the two agents which
make all men act. Cause the want, govern the
opinions, and you will overturn aU the existing
systems, however well consolidated these may
appear."

This is sound revolutionary doctrine. Now, the
whole case for Marxism rests on the entire break-
up of the existing social order. Marx himself
believed that this would be brought about by
hunger and want driving the masses into a violent
revolution. The theory was that the development
of the capitalist system wotdd be in the direction
of an ever- widening gulf between the rich and the
poor. He wrote that "the rich are getting richer,
the poor poorer, the middle class is being crushed
out," and he predicted that the condition of the
workers would become worse until they were
driven by sheer desperation to revolution. "Then
the knell of the capitalistic system will have

220 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

sounded. The producers will assert themselves
under the pressure of an irresistible impulse ; they
will repossess themselves of the implements of
production of which they have been so long
deprived."

These predictions of Marx have been falsified
by events. The extreme poverty and sufferings
of the workers, on which his anticipations were
based, have not been experienced, least of all in
this country. The British worker has, on the
whole, greatly improved his economic position
since Marx made his predictions. And this com-
parative prosperity of the British worker is the
greatest obstacle, not only to a revolution in this
country, but to the world revolution planned by
the foreign revolutionaries. It is admitted by
Trotsky and by Dr. Hermann Gorter, author of
The World Revolution, that their plans for a world-
wide revolution cannot be successful so long as
there is a united British Empire. This was also
the opinion of Karl Marx.

The problem of the international organizers of
revolution consists of (i) how to destroy Britain's
industrial prosperity, and (2) how to break up the
British Empire. The first of these objects is to be
realized by strikes, the reduction of output, and by

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 221

constant demands for higher wages until the profits
of each industry are absorbed by Labour. The
second object is to be attained by supporting and
organizing rebellions and insurrections in various
parts of the Empire. The cumulative effect of this
policy, if successful, would certainly be extreme
poverty and suffering for the masses, and a "revo-
lutionary situation" would undoubtedly exist.
If at the same time opinion were properly con-
trolled it would be possible to overthrow the exist-
ing social order, and to set up a Dictatorship of the
kind advocated by the International Socialists.
In the International publications of the Bolsheviks,
which are widely circulated in this country, will
be found proposals for the destruction of our in-
dustries, the break-up of the Empire, and for the
control of opinion by a Minority acting as a Dic-
tatorship. In this effort to bring about a revolu-
tion all sorts of methods are proposed. A writer in
the Worker, the organ of the Scottish Workers'
Committees, states:

" It must not be supposed that, though we pin
great faith in improved industrial organization,
we are industrial absolutists, relying on industrial
action alone to bring about the workers' emancipa-
tion. As Karl Radek so finely puts it: 'Victory

222 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

has got to be earned by a daily combat with the
bourgeoisie on all the domains of social Hfe, a com-
bat developing finally into direct revolutionary
strife, class against class.' The industrial weapon
will have to be supplemented by other weapons
evolved by the workers as the struggle increases in
intensity. The strike, supplemented by the other
weapons, will have to be used against the State, as
well as against the employers, until the Capitalist
State has been brought to the ground and the
workers, under the shield of the proletarian dic-
tatorship, are building up the new Communist
Republic." (The Worker, June 12, 1920.)

What the Jew, Karl Radek, means is indicated
in an article he has recently written for the Call,
the organ of the British Socialist Party — a party of
which the members in London are mainly foreign
Jews, as any one can see who attends a London
meeting of the party. In this article, Radek states
that if Great Britain does not come to terms with
the Soviet Government, the British Empire will be
attacked by the Bolsheviks at its most vulnerable
point — India. The quotation the Worker gives
from Radek recalls the boast of the "Elders of
Zion" that they have instilled class hatred into
the peoples.

The revolutionaries in Great Britain, acting on

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 223

instructions from the International at Moscow,
profess to believe that the capitalist system cannot
recover from the economic effects of the war, and
they quote in support of this conclusion a book.
Capitalism Today, by Ernst Kahn, an American
Marxist. This book is very popular with the
Marxian economic classes, and a cheap edition is
shortly to be published by Charles Kerr, publisher
for the American Socialists. Under the economic
crisis that is developing, the workers will be driven
"to rebel against the whole regime, and will sub-
stitute their own power. It is here that the func-
tion of the Communist arises. The workers, as a
whole, rebel against a regime of which they feel
the pricks, without any preconceived doctrinaire
theory. It is the business of the Communist to
guide their movements into its realization in the
dictatorship of the proletariat."

This advice is, we find, generally acted upon in
Labour disputes in this country. For instance, in
an article on the gas strike at Manchester, in the
Workers' Dreadnought, July 17th, 1920, it is stated
that "Communists ought to be on the spot wher-
ever such spontaneous revolts occur, doing vital
propaganda, endeavouring to communistically
educate discontent."

224 THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

The writer goes on to express satisfaction with
this strike, and states that this working-class
power "if used in the general strike would bring,
not merely a wage increase for a few, or all, but
create in the industrial world right and ripe condi-
tions for full proletarian control."

CHAPTER XVI

In every part of the country we find that the In-
ternational Revolutionaries desire to control and
direct Labour unrest and discontent. They have
a general contempt for the intelHgence of the
masses, and assume that they will never go in the
right direction without their guidance. This con-
tempt for public opinion is fully expressed by Mr.
G. D. H. Cole in his book, The World oj Labour,
P-34-

"For if there can be greater dishonesty in en-
visaging the problem, a greater refusal to face the
facts, than that which the aspiring politician has to
learn, it is assuredly to be found in the narrowness,
egoism, and intellectual indolence that characterize
the great British public. If the industrial revolu-
tion has turned the worker into a mere producing
machine, it has quite equally turned the public
into a mass of mere consumers, with consciences
always in their pockets and brains nowhere or
directed to anything rather than the social ques-
tion. In this country, at least, it is useless to

« 225

226 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

invoke public opinion, because it is selfish, unen-
lightened, and vindictive."

How this direction of the workers towards re-
volution is to be secured is explained in the Call
of May 20, 1920, in an article on "Communist
Organization. ' ' The Call is the oflBcial organ of the
British Socialist Party (London), and Tchicherin,
Litvinov, Fineberg, and other members of the
Soviet Government were active members of the
B.S.P. when living in London. Karl Radek, Clara
Zetkin (German Spartacists), N. Osinsky, and
many other Jewish revolutionaries of the Con-
tinent are frequent contributors to it. The party
is affiliated to the Third International, and the
letter from Lenin to the British Workers, brought
by Messrs. Shaw and Turner, was directed to the
B.S.P., and contained a covering letter on behalf
of Lenin, signed by Marcel Rosenberg.

The article referred to outUnes the methods to
be adopted by the revolutionaries to prepare the
Labour movement for the coming revolution. The
writer describes the working-class organizations
as in the main "like rudderless craft in conflicting
currents. The mission of the Communist is to
supply the rudder."

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 227

"During the stormy period of transition from
Capitalism to Socialism, we shall require new
machinery of government and production. May
it not be that we can use the Trade Unions as our
machinery of production, and the Co-operative
movement as the framework of our machinery of
distribution?

"We need a revolutionary Communist group in
every Trade Union branch, in every local Labour
Party, on every committee of management of a
Co-operative Society; responsible directly to the
branch of the Party in that locaUty, guiding the
mass of the workers into the Communist path, pre-
paring for the day when the existing machinery
of society is no longer adequate to carry out the
desires of the people.

"By these means the existing working-class
organizations can be made to serve the purpose of
the revolutionary proletariat. Each branch of the
Party should co-ordinate the activities of these or-
ganizations in its area and render periodical reports
to Party headquarters. Headquarters would thus
become the real nerve-centre of Communist propa-
ganda. By this means, in a short time it would be
possible to ensure the election of Communists to
all executive and organizing posts in the Trade
Unions and the Labour Party.

"At the same time, recruiting should be pro-
ceeded with from the point of view of attracting
to our Party the flower of the proletariat. If a

228 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

young man of promise is elected as branch secre-
tary or shop-steward in a Trade Union, he should
become the objective of intensive personal propa-
ganda to convert him to our ideals. By thus
supplying the bulk of the acknowledged leaders
of the working class, it would follow that the
lead of the Communist Party would be in-
stinctively followed in a time of crisis. Wherever
workers meet to discuss wages or the conditions of
existence, there should be found a group of com-
rades ready to help them in their immediate aims,
and at the same time point to the root cause of all
their grievances and suffering in order to make
them realize that only with the overthrow of
CapitaHsm can their conditions be permanently
bettered. . . .

"It is at least certain, however, that only by
becoming the leaders and guiding force of such
organizations as exist today can the Communist
and the revolutionary tomorrow hope to carry with
them the mass of the proletariat.

"Close up the ranks, comrades!"

In the same issue is an article by Otto Maschl,
reproduced from Le Bulletin Communiste, on the
function of Workers' Councils, in which he de-
scribes them as "revolutionary ante-chambers."
"They are the touchstones, which constantly
excite the hatred of the bourgeoisie, even if they

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 229

are not at all inspired with revolutionary senti-
ments. For they are the most suitable instruments
for keeping alive the class war."

The aims of these organizers of revolution are
revealed in an article by Clara Zetkin, specially
written for the Call of April 29, 1920. This writer
is a Jewess, and has taken the place of Rosa Luxem-
bourg as a leader of the German Communists. In
this article she describes the progress the Inter-
national Revolutionaries are now making.

"Over Italy roar the thunders of the coming
storm; in France there is sheet-lightning; storms
rage through the proud Empire of Great Britain.
In England and Scotland growing masses of
workers unite round the Socialist, the Communist,
flag. Ireland, Egypt, and India are in revolt. The
wage slaves in the United States muster for the
class struggle; their strikes become greater and
greater in extent, more important, and take a
revolutionary character. The international situa-
tion, in consequence of the diplomatic squabbling
among the Allied Powers for the booty of the world
war, is rich in conflicts, pregnant with future wars.
Here, too, the economic basis of Capitalist order,
class antagonism, and class struggles, grow in
intensity and bitterness. From beneath the
volcanic depths of Society rises Socialism, Com-
munism."

230 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

She goes on to call not for resolutions but for
mass action.

' ' Now the battle between workers and bourgeois
is no longer one for reforms in the Capitalist order,
its aim is to overthrow, to subdue this order. Capi-
talism or Socialism and Communism is the battle-
cry. No resolutions on paper must be the aim, but
the Uving, powerful action of the working masses."

She concludes by appealing to the British
workers to rally "to the red banner of the Third
International, " and sends them greetings from the
Commtmists of "Germany in revolution."

In the Socialist, the organ of the Socialist Labour
Party (Glasgow), which is afiSUated to the Third
International and provides nearly aU the strike
leaders on the Clyde, there appeared on April
22, 1920, a statement from the Communist Bureau
at Amsterdam urging the workers in Great Britain
to strike on May Day. The appeal is signed by
H. Roland Hoist. In the course of this statement
it is declared that "a real peace" with the Soviet
RepubUc of Russia "is impossible under Capital-
ism." "A real peace for Russia means the victory
of the World Revolution, and nothing less." He
advises other countries to strive towards Soviet
Republics.

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 231

"This inspiring aim we must always have in
mind in all our deeds, in all our actions. We must
fill our heads with revolutionary thoughts, we
must be witling to destroy the weapons of oiu:
enemies. . . . AU this we can only achieve in a
constant fight with our exploiters, by giving this
fight a general revolutionary character. It means
a complete break with bourgeois civilization, bour-
geois morals, bourgeois supremacy. It means
Labour as the basic principle of social and moral
Ufe. . . . The outward fagade of the bourgeois
state of society stiU exists, but it may fall to pieces
at any moment, although a long and severe struggle
wiU. doubtless be necessary, as much to finally
crush the bourgeoisie as to affect in the mass of the
people the moral and intellectual transformation
that will make them able to institute the Com-
munist Commonwealth, and render them fit to
Hve in it. We may be convinced that any little
thing, an indifEerent circumstance, may now at
any moment, by causing the countless elements of
the new revolutionary consciousness floating aU
over the world to unite into a new body and mani-
fest themselves with unexpected force, be the
instigator of renewed strife and promiseful up-
heaval. . . . The times for the passing of Capital-
ism are ripe, and any dead calm may be the
foreboder of new social storms unexpectedly
rising."

"Prompted by these considerations," the Am-

232 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

sterdam Bureau urges the workers' organizations
to be prepared for action and to strike on May Day
1920, "in favour of Soviet Russia."

The Executive of the Amsterdam Sub-Bureau
of the Third International is one of the chief
foreign influences that affect our revolutionary
societies. The manifestoes of this Bureau are
signed by D. J. Wynkoop, Henrietta Roland Hoist,
and G. J. Rutgers. In the B.S.P. organ, the Call
of April I, 1920, there is a long manifesto from this
Bureau entitled "German Revolution: An Appeal
to the British, French, and Belgian Proletariat."
After condemning the Allies for their treatment of
Germany, it bursts into exhortations.

"Workers of the Entente! Loudly proclaim
your solidarity with the German revolution!
Compel your Governments to withdraw the troops
from the occupied territory. Railway men! Re-
fuse to allow the transport of any troops or any
arms or munitions to Germany. All of you answer
any attempt on the part of your Governments to
strangle the German revolution by extending and
intensifying yoiu- own revolutionary activity."

The writers of this manifesto compliment the
British Proletariat on the magnificent meetings

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 233

of the "Hands ofiE Russia" Committee, and they
state that the revolutions in various countries are
part of one revolution, the Social Revolution. The
"fate of the European Revolution depends on
you," they write, and conclude with "Hurrah for
the Communist Revolution in Germany ! Hurrah
for the World Revolution, the Universal Soviet
Republic!"

In an article by Dr. Hermann Gorter written
for Data (February, 1920), the "organ of the
Socialist Information and Research Bureau"
(Scotland), he specially appeals to the British
workers to lead the European Revolution — the
English proletariat "must place itself at the head
of the proletariat in Western Europe. " " The fate
of the world revolution, the fate of humanity, lies
in the hands of the English workers."

Among the supporters of this Bolshevist cam-
paign against the British Empire is Mr. E. D.
Morel, of the notorious Union of Democratic
Control. Writing in Foreign Affairs, the organ of
the U.D.C., for June, 1920, Mr. Morel discusses
"The Why and the Wherefore of the War against
Russia." The British attack on the Bolsheviks is,
according to Mr. Morel, inspired by fear of the
result of a strong Socialist State in Russia,

234 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

"The advent of a great Socialist State in Europe
is a solvent of Empire. Empire — the dominion
over many nationally conscious peoples by a single
alien people — and Socialism are irreconcilable
factors. They are mutually destructive. The
Imperialists who presently govern the British
Empire and who contemplate the consequences
of the triumphant emergence of a great Socialist
State in the geographical position of Russia — half
European, half Asiatic — are not thinking in terms
of Britain when they seek to prevent such a con-
summation. They are thinking in terms of the
British Empire."

After stating that British capital has nothing
' ' to fear from the growth to adolescence of a Rus-
sian Socialist State," because Lenin is wilHng to
give us trading concessions if we will make peace
with him, he says: "But British Imperialism has
everything to fear from the survival of Soviet
Russia."

' ' The heart of the British Empire beats in Asia —
I speak, not of the Commonwealth, but of the
Empire. . . . The Russian mind knows how to
read the Asiatic mind. Picture Russia a SociaUst
State, freed from her external foes, flanked by a
series of racially alien or politically allied — some-
times both — lesser States, not in Europe only but

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 235

in Asia, States enjoying full autonomy, permeated
with Socialist ideals and precepts and practices
radiating from a centre where education and
science have been elevated into fine arts, where the
treasures of knowledge, the accumulated learning
of the ages are thrown open to all, made accessible
to the humblest citizen. Picture Russia thus —
then look at India, Persia, Afghanistan, Burma,
under present conditions. Need you ask why
British Imperialism shrinks at the prospect and
fears; fears unutterably as it scans the future?"

Mr. Morel goes on to declare that British Im-
perialism is today more unyielding and intolerant
in consequence of the "very magnitude of its
successes in the war, " which have intoxicated it.
"It has become a militarist Imperialism as it never
was before." Lenin and Trotsky have discredited
Western diplomacy, and "the dangers to be
apprehended from the future are so enormous for
the existing Order that the Russian wreckers of
the occult power which rules the people's lives
must be broken." Morel therefore concludes that
British Imperialism is fighting the Bolsheviks
because it "knows its very existence is at
stake."

These statements from Morel resemble those of

236 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Trofoky and Radek on attacking the British Em-
pire in Asia.

The "Elders of Zion " used "anarchy as a means
to an end." This view is supported by the mani-
festo of the Executive Committee of the Third
International, published in the Call of April 22,
1920, and signed by G. Zinoviev. This manifesto
states that the revolutionary forces in France,
America, England, and Germany are growing, and
"Anarcho-Socialist bodies and those individuals
who tiU now claimed to be orthodox anarchists,
mix themselves up with the others in the general
current. The Executive Committee of the Third
International welcomes this most cordially." After
explaining how Syndicalists and Anarchists, being
opposed to Parliaments, may help on the world
revolution, the Committee declare that "the
bourgeois State, its Kings, Presidents, Parliaments,
Constituent Assemblies, etc., are our deadly ene-
mies and must be crushed." They point out that
it is possible at times to further the revolution in a
country by participating in political action, and
they instance Liebknecht in Germany and Hog-
lund in Sweden. The latter, ' ' utilizing Parliament,
precipitated the coUapse of Parliamentism. No-
body has ever done more than he in Sweden for the

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 237

Revolution." The same again in Bulgaria, where
the "Communists also used the pulpit of Par-
liament for the propagation of the ideas of the
Communist Revolution." These revolutionaries
are to enter Parliament with the intention of
getting "into closest touch with its machinery,
and then put spokes in its wheels."

Conditions in England, France, and America
are not yet ripe for the overthrow of the State.
In these countries "there have been very few
individuals who could be said to resemble
the Russian Bolsheviks or the German Spar-
tacists." So the Committee at Moscow advise
that:

"If such elements (Bolsheviks and Spartacists)
increase in numbers and strength, everything may
get changed. At first it is necessary: (i) The
centre of gravity of the struggle must be outside of
Parliaments (strikes, revolts, insurrections, etc.);
(2) the struggle inside the Parliaments must be
closely connected with the struggle outside; (3)
the representatives must take part in general or-
ganization work; (4) the representatives must act
by directions of the Central Committee and be
responsible to it; (5) they must not conform to the
Parliamentary manners and customs."

238 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

The manifesto concludes with the following
interesting instructions:

"We have to state again that the most vital
part of the struggle must be outside of Parliament
— on the street. It is dear that the most eflEective
weapons of the workers against Capitalism are:
The strike, the revolt, armed insurrection. Com-
rades have to keep in mind the following: Or-
ganization of the Party, instalment of the Party
groups in the Trade Unions, leadership of the
masses, etc. Parliamentary activities and partici-
pation in elections must be used only as a second-
ary measure — no more."

{Call, April 22, 1920.)

This manifesto also appeared in the Socialist
(Glasgow) and other Bolshevist papers in this
country. The National Council of Shop Stewards'
and Workers' Committees, a body aflBhated to the
Moscow International, is carrying out these Mos-
cow Instructions on the industrial side.

Confirmation of the anti-Christian nature of
the Jewish secret organizations described earlier
in this book is found in an article in the Call of
April I, 1920. An article entitled "Man has
Arisen!" by John Bryan, describing the new
' ' Ught in the East ' ' — ^Bolshevism — says :

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 239

"The pagan world could not have been worse
than this world of Christianity. Only it had no
bishops to preach from the pulpits the Easter He,
and to administer 'opium' to the masses, as the
Bolshevik inscription on one of Moscow's church
gates boldly puts it."

But "a new light has arisen in the East, and not
a win o' the wisp, a Ught that reveals the truth,
and shows the road, that inspires hope and con-
fidence, that warms and encourages, that adds to
the strength of the body and the soul . . . Russia
led by the Bolsheviks, Russia guided by the
transcendent genius of Lenin, and assisted by a
host of workers with Trotsky, the incomparable
organizer, at their head — this Russia has been the
saviour of the world, its redeemer from cynicism,
scepticism, and demoralization which had been
gnawing at its very vitals, threatening destruction
and death. ' ' For this part Russia has been ' ' cruci-
fied by the capitahst Powers, " and she is bleeding
from every pore. "But, unlike Christ, she did
not weep bloody tears out of pity for herself when
making up her mind rather to be crucified than to
betray the trust which history had placed in her
hands ; nor is she likely to die on the cross before
she accomplishes her mission . . . she Hves, and

240 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

gives life, and, soon, she will descend from the cross
and cry out to the world: 'Man has risen!*"

In the study of the revolutionary movement
in this country, it is important to note how it is
guided by the writings of foreign revolutionaries,
mainly Jews. The following are only a few of the
more prominent and frequent foreign contributors
to the Bolshevist Press in Great Britain, whose
books and articles are largely circulated in this
country in connection with the Marxian economic
classes, and for the purpose of revolutionary
propaganda. The works of Maix and Engds are,
of course, textbooks in all classes run by the
Labour Collie Movement and by the Bolshevist
Societies.

The articles of Lenin and Trotsky are published
r^ularly in the Call, the Socialist, the Workers'
Dreadnought, the Worker, and other Bolshevist
papers. Bela Kun is also another frequent con-
tributor to British Bolshevism, and he writes to
the current issue of the Workars^ Dreadnought
suggesting that the "Hands off Russia" Com-
mittee "should be used for Bolshevist ends in the
home movement." Dr. Hermann Gorter also
writes regularly for papers in London and Glas-
gow, and his book. The World RevoluUon, published

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 241

by the Socialist Information and Research Bureau
(Glasgow), is on sale at most revolutionary meet-
ings in London and the provinces. The following
may be mentioned as International Revolutionary
leaders who contribute to the movement in this
country :

N. Hoglund, of Sweden; Lucien Deslini^res, of
France; N. Bucharin, of Moscow, author of the
Programme of the World Revolution; Clara Zetkin,
Jewess and leader of the German Communist
Party; M. I. Kalinin, chairman of AU-Russian
Central Executive of Committee of Soviets; Karl
Radek, of Moscow; Sadoiil, Souvarine, Shtimi-
atzki, I. Marchlevski (Karski), Alexandre Kolon-
tay, Russian Soviet Commissary for Social Welfare.

We have now concluded our inquiry into the
cause of world tmrest, and it is for our readers to
judge how far it provides an explanation of the
revolutionary movements which are disturbing
alike the faith of Christian men and women and
the whole system of government on which Western
civilization has been bmlt up. The famous proto-
cols may or may not be genuine, but even the most
sceptical must admit that they are the abstract of
a philosophy which may be devilish, but which is

certainly coherent, and that in many important
16

242 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

points they not only anticipate, but explain, some
of the ills from which the world is at present suffer-
ing. It is the element of time which is inclined to
prejudice the Western, particularly the English,
reader against them. Can it be possible that any
body of men can seriously commit themselves to a
plot which is to be worked out not in years but in
centuries, and the fruits of which they themselves
can never gather? But it must be remembered
that the whole idea is Eastern, and in the East
they still think in centuries. A child with difficulty
can span the period of a week, the ordinary Eng-
lishman that of a decade. But an Englishman who
has lived long in the East has quite a different
conception of time, and would not find the long
roll of years between the prophecy and its fruition
a ban to belief. Therefore, let the scoffers re-
member that all periods of time are relative, and
that to some a thousand years may be as a day.

In the first part of this book, the doctrines and
programme of revolutionary Freemasonry were
described and the liaison between them and the
protocols examined. In later chapters, modem
revolutionary phenomena were considered in the
light of the plot revealed earlier. Can we trace a
connection between the two? Our readers must

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 243

decide for themselves on the evidence submitted
to them. It has been shown that the Continental
Freemasons were primarily responsible for the
revolutions in Turkey and Portugal, and that in
the former at least, the Jews had a prominent share
in this Masonic conspiracy. When the Bolsheviks
seized power in Moscow — and we gave a table
showing that the vast majority of them were Jews
— the propaganda of Litvinov, Radek, and com-
pany took the place to a considerable extent of the
subterranean Masonic activities and the threads
of the plot were therefore easier to trace. For
example, we showed how this Bolshevist- Jewish
gang tried to take control of the Governments of
Prussia, Bavaria, and Hungary.

We also drew attention to the secret influences
working in Paris during the Peace Conference, to
the curious fact that the principle of self-deter-
mination, so dangerous at present to the authority
of the British Empire, was common to both WU-
sonism and Leninism, and that Poland, which
both Jews and Germans fear, was left economically
and strategically weak by the Conference and,
along with Hungary, has been malevolently at-
tacked by the forces of International Labour
working under Bolshevist direction. Finally, we

244 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

sought to trace a link between the conspiracy and
some of the agitations which are at present gravely
threatening the security of the British Empire.

Throughout this book we have referred to the
menace which this conspiracy constitutes not only
to civiHzed government but to the Christian faith.
It is indeed clear that never in its history has that
faith had to undergo so organized and sustained
an attack. Men's thoughts are continually being
concentrated on things material, on the inequali-
ties of wealth, on mean and trivial pleasures, and
are being told that the cure for all their ills Hes not
in themselves but in a peculiar form of government.
The Bolsheviks know perfectly well that their
cause can make no lasting progress unless it first
gets rid of Christianity with its superb indiflEerence
to the things on which the world sets such store.
Therefore it may be taken as certain that these
attacks will be redoubled. And therein perhaps
Hes the surest proof of the ultimate failure of
Bolshevism. For to the peoples of Western
Europe, whether they are conscious of it or not,
Christianity is still the beacon that wiU guide them
out of the slough of despond in which they now
groan. If that Ught were extinguished, ttey might
well say of the world what Montaigne thought of it

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 245

when he lost his friend : " Ce n'est qtiefumie, ce n'est
qu'une nuit obscure et ennuyeuse." Do the Bol-
sheviks honestly believe that they can conquer two
worlds?

APPENDIX A

To the Editor 0/ the "Morning Post"

"Sir, — ^Will you allow me to add another linlf
to the very valuable chain of evidence set forth in
your columns on the question of Secret Societies
and World Revolution? This is the organization
known as the Alta Vendita or Haute Vente Ro-
maine, which originated with the Carbonari early
in the nineteenth century. Monseigneur Dillon,
in his remarkable series of lectures delivered in
Edinburgh in 1884, traced the origin of the Car-
bonari back to the Illiuninati of Bavaria. The
Carbonari, however, did not begin as a revolu-
tionary body; its founders were RoyaHsts and
CathoHcs who, deluded as to the real aims of
Illuminism, followed the precedent laid down by
Weishaupt of taking Christ as their Grand Master.
But before long the adepts of revolutionary
masonry invaded their ranks and obtained the
mastery over the whole association.

"As soon as, perhaps sooner than, Weishaupt
had passed away, the supreme government of all
the secret societies of the world was exercised by
the Alta Vendita or highest lodge of the Italian

246

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 247

Carbonari. . . . The permanent instruction of
this body to its adepts consists mainly in war on
the papacy, but it also admits : ' Our final end is
that of Voltaire and the French Revolution, the
destruction of Catholicism, and even of the Chris-
tian idea.' "

The Alta Vendita was thus a direct continuation
of the lUuminati, and in accordance with the
custom of their German predecessors, its members
aU elected to be known by pseudonyms. Thus as
Weishaupt had taken the name of Spartacus,
Clootz that of Anacharsis, and Babeuf that of
Gracchus, the head of the Order, a corrupt Italian
nobleman, is only known to us as Nubius. This
young man, rich, handsome, eloquent, and ab-
solutely reckless, was "a visionary with an id&e
fixe, that of elevating a pedestal to his own vanity."
But it was not in the band of dissolute young
ItaHans he gathered around him, but in his Jewish
allies that Nubius found his principal support.

The documents of the Alta Vendita, afterwards
brought to light, revealed, says Monseigneur
Dillon, that:

"his funds for carrying on the deep and dark
conspiracy in which he and his confederates were
engaged came chiefly from rich German Jews.

248 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Jews, in fact, from the commencement played
always a prominent part in the conspiracies of
Atheism. They do so still. Piccolo Tigre, who
seems to have been the most active agent of Nu-
bius, was a Jew. He travelled under the appear-
ance of an itinerant banker and jeweller. This
character of money-lender disarmed suspicipn. . . .
Of course he had the protection of the Masonic
lodges everywhere. The most desperate revolu-
tionaries were generally the most desperate scoun-
drels, otherwise they were gamblers, spendthrifts,
and the very class with which a usurious Jew would
be expected to have money dealings. Piccolo
Tigre thus travelled safely and brought safely to
the lodges of the Carbonari such instructions as the
Alta Vendita thought proper to give."

Piccolo Tigre was only one of many Jews em-
ployed by the Haute Vente; others of his race
worked for the conspiracy in Germany, Hungary,
Portugal, and kept up a regular correspondence
with Nubius. How far were these men acting
merely as the agents of their Italian chief? Or
were they animated by some ulterior aim? The
author of the articles now appearing in the Morn-
ing Post has indicated the possibility of a Jewish
conspiracy numing through Freemasonry, and Mon-
seigneur Dillon propounds the same hypothesis.

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 249

"Monseigneur de S6gur," he writes, "connects
modern Freemasonry with Jews and Templars.
. . . There are reasons which lead me to think
he may be right in doing so. The Jews for many
centuries before the Reformation had formed secret
societies for their protection and the destruction of
Christianity which persecuted them and which
they so much hated. The rebuilding of the Temple
of Solomon was the dream of their lives. ... It
is therefore not improbable that they admitted
into their secret conclaves some at least of the dis-
contented Templars burning for revenge upon
those who dispossessed and suppressed the Order.
That fact would account for the curious combina-
tion of Jewish and conventional allusions to be
found in modern Masonry. . . .

"The Jewish formulas employed by Masonry,
the Jewish traditions which run through its cere-
monial, point to a Jewish origin or to the work of
Jewish contrivers. It is easy to conceive how such
a society could be thought necessary to protect
them from Christianity in power. It is easy also
to understand how the one darling object of their
Hves is the rebuilding of the Temple. Who knows
but behind the Atheism and desire of gain which
impels them to urge on Christians to persecute the
Church and destroy it, there lies a hidden hope to
reconstruct their Temple, and at the darkest
depths of secret-society plotting, there lurks a
deeper society still which looks to a return to the

250 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

land of Juda and to the rebuilding of the Temple of
Jerusalem!"

Whether, therefore, as M. Cretineau Joly sug-
gests, Nubius made use of Judaic hatred of Chris-
tianity for the purpose of the Haute Vente, or
whether the Jews made use of the Haute Vente to
further their own cause, it cannot be denied that
Jews played an important part in secret societies
at this period. Piccolo Tigre at any rate seems to
have occupied a position of considerable authority,
for on January i8, 1822, we find him issuing in-
structions to the Haute Vente Piedmontaise in
these words :

"AU Italy is covered with religious confraterni-
ties and with penitents of diverse colours. Do not
fear to slip some of your people into the very midst
of these flocks, led, as they are, by a stupid de-
votion. . . . Gather together in one place or
another — in the sacristies or chapels even — these
tribes of yours, as yet ignorant; put them tmder
the pastoral staff of some virtuous priest, weU-
known but credulous, and easy to be deceived.
Then infiltrate the poison into those chosen hearts ;
infiltrate it in little doses and as if by chance.
Afterwards, upon reflection, you will yourselves be
astonished at your success.

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 251

' ' The essential thing is to isolate a man from his
family, to cause him to lose his morals. He is
sufficiently disposed by the bent of his character
to flee from household cares and to run after easy
pleasures and forbidden joys. He likes long talks
in the cafes, the idleness of spectacles. Lead him
along, sustain him, give liim an importance of
some kind, teach him discreetly to weary of his
daily labours, and by this manoeuvre, after ha\'ing
separated him from his wife and children, and
having shown him how painful are aU duties, you
wiU inculcate in him the desire of another existence.
Man is a bom rebel. Stir up the desire of rebellion
until it becomes a conflagration, but in such a
manner that the conflagration does not break out.
This is a preparation for the great work that you
have to begin.

"When you have insinuated into a few souls
disgust for family' and for religion (the one nearly
always follows in the wake of the other), let fall
certain words which will provoke the desire of
being affiliated to the nearest lodge. This vanity
of the citizen or of the bourgeois for being enrolled
in Freemasonry is something so hanal and so uni-
versal that I am alwaj's fuU of admiration for
human stupidity. I am not surprised to see the
whole world knocking at the door of all the Ven-
erables and asking these gaitlemen for the honour
of being one of the workmen chosen for the re-
construction of the Temple of Solomon. ... To

252 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

find yourself a member of a lodge, to feel yourself,
apart from your wife and children, called upon to
guard a secret which is never confided to you, is for
certain natures a delight and an ambition. . . .
It is upon the lodges that we coimt to double oxir
ranks. They form without knowing it our pre-
paratory novitiate. They discourse without end
upon the dangers of fanaticism, upon the happi-
ness of social equality, and upon the grand prin-
ciples of religious liberty. They laimch amidst
their feastings thundering anathemas against in-
tolerance and persecution. This is positively more
than we require to make adepts."

It was thus that in 1822 as in 1789 the con-
spirators foimd their dupes in the ranks of Masonry
but, as Monseigneur Dillon points out :

"beyond the Masons, though generally formed
from them, lay the deadly secret conclave which
. . . used and directed them for the ruin of the
world and their own selves."

This, then, was the secret force at work beneath
the surface dtiring the period usually represented
to us as the dawn of Socialism. Many of the men
who have gone down to history as the early
Socialists, "champions of liberty," and so forth,
went to the Haute Vente for guidance; Saint

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 253

Simon, Bazard, Buonarotti consulted Nubius
"after the manner of a Delphic oracle." From
Russia Colonel Oestel, one of the principal leaders
of the Dekabrist outbreak in 1825, sent to him for
orders. Later we find Mazzini, already a Car-
bonaro, aspiring to become a member of the Haute
Vente — a suggestion dismissed with scorn by
Nubius. For the methods of the Carbonari were
not those of the Haute Vente, which held that the
mind rather than the body should be the point of
attack.

"The murders of which our people render them-
selves guilty ..." writes Vindex to Nubius, "are
for us a shame and a remorse ... we are too
advanced to content ourselves with such means.
. . . Our predecessors in Carbonarism did not
understand their power. It is not in the blood of an
isolated man or even of a traitor that it must be
exercised; it is on the masses ... do not let us
make martyrs, but let us popularize vice in the
multitudes. Let them breathe it in by their five
senses, let them drink it, let them be saturated
in it. . . . It is corruption en masse that we have
undertaken; the corruption of the people by the
clergy and the corruption of the clergy by ourselves,
the corruption that ought one day to put the
Church in her tomb. The best dagger with which

254 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

to strike the Church is corruption. To the work,
then, even to the very end."

It was thus that Mazzini excited the derision
of the Haute Vente, for, as Nubius observed to
Beppo, all his declamations on humanitarianism,
and so on —

"reduce themselves to a few miserable defeats or
to assassinations so vulgar that I should send away-
one of my lacqueys if he permitted himself to get
rid of one of my enemies by such shameful means.
Mazzini is a demigod to fools by whom he tries to
get himself proclaimed the prophet of fraternity.
... In the sphere where he acts poor Joseph is
only ridiculous; in order to be a complete wild
beast he will always want for claws. He is the
bourgeois gentilhomme of the secret societies."

Mazzini on his part suspected that secrets were
being kept from him by the chiefs of the Haute
Vente, and Malegari, assailed by the same fears,
wrote from London to Dr. Breidenstein these
significant words :

' ' We form an association of brothers in all points
of the globe, we have desires and interests in
common, we aim at the emancipation of humanity,
we wish to break every kind of yoke, yet there is

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 255

one that is iinseen, that can hardly be felt, yet that
weighs on us. Whence comes it? Where is it?
No one knows, or at least no one teUs. The asso-
ciation is secret, even for us, the veterans of secret
societies."

Here, then, we catch a glimpse of the mechanism
of revolution — the Socialists and Anarchists Uke
animated marionettes waving their arms, de-
claiming, and aU the while ptilled by wires from
behind, held in the hands of their sinister directors.
Doubtless the Socialists imagined that they made
the revolution of 1 848 . Piccolo Tigre can enlighten
us further on this point. On January 5, 1846, he
writes to Nubius :

"The journey I have just accomplished in
Europe has been as fortunate and as productive
as I had hoped. Henceforth nothing remains but
to put our hand to the task in order to reach the
dhumement of the comedy. . . . The harvest I
have reaped has been abvmdant . . . and if I can
beKeve the news communicated to me here (at
Livomo) we are approaching the epoch we so
much desire. The fall of thrones is no longer a
matter of doubt to me now that I have just studied
the work of our societies in France, in Switzerland,
in Germany, and as far as Russia. The assault

256 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

which in a few years, and perhaps even in a few
months from now, will be made on the princes of
the earth wiU bury them beneath the wreckage of
their impotent armies and their decrepit thrones.
. . . What have we asked in return for our
labours and sacrifices? It is not a revolution in
one country or another. That can always be
managed if one wishes it. In order to kill the old
world surely, we have held that we must stifle
the Catholic and Christian germ, and you with the
audacity of genius have offered yourself with the
sling of a new David to hit on the head the ponti-
fical Goliath."

Two years later the revolution broke out in
Paris, and as every book of history will tell us, was
openly directed by the secret societies. The con-
nection between these underground conspiracies
and the second great outbreak of world revolution
is therefore not a matter of surmise but of historical
fact. — Yours, etc.,

Nesta H. Webster.

P.S. — The correspondence of the Haute Vente
quoted above is taken from VEglise Romaine en
face de la Revolution, by J. Cretineau Joly, who
pubHshed them from the archives of the Haute
Vente.

APPENDIX B

To the Editor 0/ the "Morning Post"

Sir, — In the fifth article of the series "Behind
the Red Curtain" the author states that Marx
founded the International Working Men's Asso-
ciation. May I be allowed to point out that this
is paying too much honour to Marx? The idea of
an International coaHtion of labour originated with
real workingmen animated by no desire for bloody
revolution, and it was not until after the famous
meeting at St. Martin's Hall that Marx obtained
control of the movement. On this point we have
the evidence of James Guillaume, the chronicler
of the Association, who was intimately acquainted
with its workings. "It is not true," he writes,
"that the Internationale was the creation of Karl
Marx. He remained completely outside the
preparatory work that took place from 1862 to
1864. He. joined the Internationale at the moment
when the initiative of the English and French
workmen had just created it. Like the cuckoo, he
came and laid his egg in a nest which was not his.
His plan from the first day was to make the great
workingmen's organization the instrument of his
personal views." {Karl Marx, Pan-Germaniste,

257

258 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

p. 2.) What were these views? According to M.
Gtiillaume they were Pan-Germanist, and your
correspondent has clearly indicated the support
given by Marx to German Imperialism. But he
also goes on to inquire whether Jewish interests
may not have played a part in Marx's policy, and
in this connection refers to the feud between Marx
and Bakunin. "Can it be," he asks, "that the
fight between Sociahst and Anarchist veiled and
covered another fight more fierce and instinctive —
between Slav and Jew?" Now we know that
Bakunin was strongly anti-German, and that it
was the Germanism of Imperial Russia which
inspired many of his diatribes against its govern-
ment. It might therefore have been on this ac-
count that he incurred the hostility of Marx. His
attitude towards the Jews, however, is clearly
defined in a significant passage. The letter in
which this may be foimd is not included in Bakun-
in's correspondence, and was only pubUshed for
the first time in 191 1, so that I think it may have
escaped the attention of your correspondent. It
appears that Bakunin had been attacked in the
Paris paper, Le Reveil, by a German Jew named
Maurice Hess, and it was in reply to this that
he wrote his poUmique contre les juifs in October,
1869. But Bakunin had evidently not overestim-
ated the power of the " formidable sect" to which
he referred, for his letter never saw the light until

unearthed by the publishers of his works forty-
17

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 259

two years later. This is the passage to which I
refer:

"I begin by begging you to believe that I am in
no way the enemy nor the detractor of the Jews.
Although I may be considered a cannibal, I do not
carry savagery to that point, and I assure you
that in my eyes all nations have their worth. Each
is, moreover, an ethnographically historic product,
and is consequently responsible neither for its
faults nor its merits. It is thus that we may ob-
serve in connection with the modern Jews that
their nature lends itself little to frank Socialism.
Their history, long before the Christian era, im-
planted in them an essentially mercantile and
bourgeois tendency, with the result that, considered
as a nation, they are par excellence the exploiters of
other men's work, and they have a natural horror
and fear of the popular masses, whom they despise
moreover, whether openly or in secret. The habit
of exploitation, whilst developing the intelligence
of the exploiters, gives it an exclusive and disas-
trous bent and quite contrary to the interests as
weU as to the instincts of the proletariat. I know
that in expressing with this frankness my intimate
opinion on the Jews I expose myself to enormous
dangers. Many people share it, but very few dare
publicly to express it, for the Jewish sect, very
much more formidable than that of the Jesuits,
Catholic or Protestant, constitutes today a verita-

26o THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST

ble power in Europe. It reigns despotically in com-
merce, in the banks, and it has invaded threequarters
of German journalism and a very con siderable por-
tion of the journalism of other countries. Woe, then,
to him who has the clumsiness to displease it ! "

In these words Bakunin expresses a profound
truth. Few, if any, educated Jews believe in
Socialism. To say this is merely to pay a tribute
to their intelligence. The Jew is essentially aristo-
cratic in his outlook — that is to say, he believes in
government by the best men; he knows the im-
possibility of mob rule, and he has learnt the lesson
of past revolutions as we, alas! have never learnt
them. It is therefore probable that Marx never
believed a word he wrote on the "dictatorship of
the proletariat" and the other shibboleths he had
filched from earlier revolutionary writers and
which he used to stir up the workers of whom he
made his tools. It is true that in the above quoted
letter Bakunin specifies only "the crowd of Jewish
pygmies" as the exploiters of the people and
exempts from his strictures ' ' the two Jewish giants,
Marx and Lassalle." But Bakunin did not yet
know Marx. It was not until three years later,
when the clique he refers to as "the German Jew
company " had turned him out of the Internationale

THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST 261

that he dimly realized the depths of Marx's perfidy.
In the words he then wrote we see how completely
he had been the dupe of this subtler brain. After
paying tribute to Marx's intellect, Bakunin goes
on to say :

"There was never any frank intimacy between
us. Our temperaments did not permit of it. He
called me a sentimental idealist, and he was right ;
I called him vain, perfidious, and crafty, and I was
right too." Although Bakunin still endeavours to
believe in Marx's entire devotion to the cause of
the proletariat which "he never betrayed know-
ingly," he is obliged nevertheless to add, "yet he
compromises it immensely today by his formidable
vanity, by his malignant character, and by his
tendency to dictatorship even in the midst of the
revolutionary Socialist Party."

Whether, therefore, Marx was an agent of the
German Government or of the "formidable sect"
referred to by Bakunin, he was certainly never the
representative of the workers who had started the
Internationale. It was Marx and not the workers
who triumphed. The Internationale perished, but
Marx's programme survived, and has since then
been carried out "according to plan." The
Russian Revolution was not the outcome of the

262 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

Russian revolutionary movement, of which the
principal leaders were throughout the Anarchists,
disciples of Baktmin, on whom the Bolsheviks
turned their machine guns at the outset of their
reign. The Irish Revolution now in progress is
not the result of the Irish national movement ; Sinn
Fein is merely the tool of the International or-
ganization for carrying out the plan laid down by
Marx. As long ago as 1870 this secret message
was sent by Marx from London to the Inter-
nationale in Geneva :

1. England is the only country in which a real
Socialistic revolution can be made.

2. The English people cannot make this revolution.

3. Foreigners must make it for them.

4. The foreign members, therefore, must retain
their seats at the London board.

5. The point to strike at first is Ireland, and in
Ireland they are ready to begin their work.

This is what is happening today. The chaos
now reigning in Ireland is simply the prelude to
the same condition of affairs in this country. To
cause revolution in England is the first and most
essential point in the programme of the Interna-
tional revolutionaries. "Every revolution on the
Continent," said Marx, "that does not spread to

THE CAUSE OP WORLD UNREST 263

England is a storm in a teacup." In other words,
England is the pivot of the world's civilization.
If England goes the whole world goes with her.
Marx was right in his surmise; he was right, too,
in believing that English workingmen will never
make this revolution. "Foreigners must make it
for them." They are making it now. Shall we
allow them to accompKsh their work?

It seems to me, then, that the situation resolves
itself into this. An immense revolutionary ma-
chine exists, and has long existed, but now all the
parts have been perfected, every cog is complete.
Your correspondent has admirably described the
process of its construction. Yet I do not think it
can be ascribed to one race only ; many hands have
worked — French, Italian, Russian, very few Eng-
lish, hilt many German and Jewish — and all these
in turn have taken part in its manipulation. But
from 1872 onwards, this formidable engine of de-
struction has been mainly in the hands of a section
of Germans and Jews, and it is they who now con-
trol its workings. The essential thing therefore is
not merely to indicate the mechanicians, but to
smash the machine in the interests of the whole
human race. For this machine will destroy not
only those against whom it is directed, but those

264 THE CAUSE OF WORLD UNREST

by whom it is handled; no provision has been
made for the recoil, and "the iron battalions of
the proletariat," finding themselves duped, wUl
turn in fury on the men who drove them forward
to destruction. In warning the world of the con-
spiracy at work, the Morning Post is rendering an
immense service to civilization, and those who
turn a deaf ear may live to repent their foUy when
they find themselves engulfed in the general chaos
of world revolution. — ^Yours, etc.,

Nesta H. Webster.

July 17th.