The Danish Ingolf-Expedition

I '

THE DANISH

IN GOLF -EXPEDITION

VOL. III. PART 6.

CONTENTS:

H. J. HANSEN, CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV.

PUBLISHED AT THE COST OF THE GOVERNMENT

THE DIRECTION OF THE ZOOLOGICAL MUSEUM OF THE UNIVERSITY.

COPENHAGEN

H. HAGERUP.

PRINTED BY BIANCO I UNO
I 920.

THE DANISH INGOLF-EXPEDITION.

VOLUME III.

6.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV.

BY

H. J. HANSEN.

WITH 4 PLATES AND A LIST OF STATIONS.

COPENHAGEN.

PRINTED BY BIANCO LUNO.
1920.

i,rn;irv the ."■ ' [92 •

CONTENTS.

Crustacea Malacostraca. IV.

VI. /'//(■ Order Cumacea e. .

Introduction i

( in the Literature

Results and Questions 2

\ The Material 2

II The Classification 3

C Geographical and bathymetrical Distribution 4

family Bodotriid 5

I v, laspis ( '. ( I S a r s 5

I Cyclaspis longicaudata G. O. Sars 5

Ba .. mi;,i II- J. Hansen • 6

2. Bathycum 1 brevirostris Norman 6

Family Leuconida 7

Leucon Kroyer 7

1. Leucon siphonatus C alman 7

I spinulosus n. sp S

5 . tener 11 . sp 9

6. longirostris G. O. Sars 10

spiniventris 11. sp n

8. profundus n. sp 12

I I Nasica Kroyer 13

10. Nathorstii Ohliu 14

II nasicoides Lilljeborg 15

12. fulvus G. O. Sars 10

13. acutirostris G. O. Sars 17

1 4 pall i (his G. O. Sars 17

15. 'tits N'orman 18

in robustui 11. sp 20

Eudorella Norman 21

17. Eudorella emarginata Kroyer 21

[8 hispida G. O. Sars 23

iq. art In a 11 sp 24

20. parvula 11 sp 25

21 intermedia n sp. 20

22 cequiremis n. sp 27

I- udorellopsis G. O Sars 27

2 ; Eudorellopsis deformis Kroyer 27

24. Integra S i Smith 28

Family Nannastai ida 20

i ntti. Ha 1'. (I Sars 20

Page

25. Camilla tarda ll- sp 29

26. egregia n. sp [O

27. carinata H. J. Hansen ji

Cumellopsis Caiman ;2

28. Cumellopsis Helgce Caiman 32

Procampylaspis Bonnier 53

29. Procampylaspis bituberculata u sp 33

v macronyx n. sp 35

( 'ampylaspis (''..<> Sars 36

-;i Campylaspis rubit inn/a Lilljeborg 36

(2. <(//«( n. sp 38

33. laticarpa n. sp 40

; 1 undata G. O. Sars 11

35. rostrata Caiman (2

36 intermedia n. sp 43

37. horrida G. O. Sars 44

[8 verrucosa G. O. Sars (.5

39. 'lobosa n. sp 16

I" serratipes n. sp 47

Family /'s, i/,/e, »»i i//</,, 18

/'. talosarsia Stebbing 48

41. Petalosarsia declivis G. (> Sars 48

Family Lampropidcs 19

/ amprops C. O. Sars 49

(2. Lamprops fuscata 1'. <i Sars 50

Hemilamprops G. O. Sars 50

t^ Hi milamprops assimilis G 0, Sars 50

44. uniplicata G. <>. Sars 50

45. cristata G. O. Sars 51

Platytyphlops Stebbing 51

46. Platytyphlops orbicularis Caiman 52

Platysympus St ebbing 52

\- . Platysympus tricarinatus n. sp 52

Family Diastylidie 53

Diastylis Say 54

48 Diastylis Rathkii Kroyer 54

I' 1 lucifera Kroyer 6

50 hastata n. sp ,'

5 1 Goodsiri Bell 58

41899

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Crustacea Malacostraca. IV.

By

H. J. Hansen.

VI. The Order Cumacea.
I ntrod uct ion.

Before entering on the subject of the present paper I may refer to "Introductory Remarks" in "Crustacea
Malacostraca I" published in iqo8, because they contain various statements that need not be repeated
here. In that chapter I explained the limits of the area investigated by the "Ingolf" and other Danish ex-
peditions to our northern dependencies; the principal sources (apart from the "Ingolf") for the material
examined were enumerated, and the principles followed as to "occurrence" and "distribution" were
laid down. Zoologists wishing to get some information on these and allied topics may find them in the paper
mentioned.

Our earlier knowledge of the Cumacea living at the coasts of Greenland in depths down to nearly
a hundred fathoms was rather good, but as to the fauna of the deeper tracts of the adjacent seas it was very
poor. In 1887 I recorded 16 species, deep-sea forms included, belonging to the fauna of West Greenland;
in 191 5 K. Stephensen enumerated only the same number for both sides of Greenland. From the coasts of
Iceland onlv 2 species of Cumacea have been recorded (by G. O. Sars), and none from the Faeroes; from the
deeper tracts around Iceland and the areas north-west, west, and south-west of the Faeroes (southwards to
L,at. 6o° N.) scarcely more than a single species was known. In the present paper 66 species are enumerated,
and all, excepting 2 species from very deep water and not seen by me, have been secured by Danish expedi-
tions; 24 species are described as new. The "Ingolf" has gathered 41 species; 18 species have been taken
exclusively by that expedition, and 14 species are new to science. During the cruizes of the "Thor" Dr. Joh.
Schmidt brought together a magnificent material; he captured no less than 33 species (species secured at
places outside the "Ingolf" area not included); 16 of these species were taken exclusively by him, and 8
are new to science. Among the new species described on the following pages only 1 has been taken by two
expeditions, viz. both by the "Ingolf" and the "Thor". Only 9 of the 66 species have not been met with either
by the "Ingolf" or the "Thor"; 3 of them are new to science and have been gathered by the Ilnd Amdrup-
Expedition (Mag. sc. Soren Jensen), while the 2 species not seen by me were captured by the "Valorous"
(Rev. Canon A. M. Norman). Of course a number of the species taken by the "Ingolf" or the "Thor" have
also been gathered by various other Danish expeditions or collectors.

The Ingolf Expedition. III. 6. 1

•A \ l\

■ Korwa) and Great Britain maj be "i some interest! as thi Mala-

ntries have been more thoroughly invest tan in an) othei area of

Sars described 19 species from Norway, and <>i these 2]

ime among them will certainlj be found there in the futun I >•

tritain and Ireland no complete faunistic tisl exists but in looking ovei Stebbing's

I mil that the British fauna comprises 60 species, when "ofl Rockall" and th(

kail and Ireland 1- included . of these species onl) 22 are known from the "Ingoli area According

round oui northern dependencies have been proportionately rathei well ex-

though it is quite certain that main forms living in the warm area, .mil especially in depths from

have not yet been discovered

On the Literature.

On this topic very little need to be said. During the years [899 101 ; .1 series ol verj important
papers have been published by G O. Sars, W. T. Caiman, T. R. R. Stebbing and C. Zimmer. In his book
mi the Cumacea in "Das Tierreich", 39 Lief., [913, Stebbing has compiled and quoted the whole- literature
until 1912, and for this reason I have referred to his most useful hook in the synonymical list at every spe< ies
Zoologists wishing to get further knowledge on synonymy than the generally rather tew references in the

sent paper can easily find them in "Has Tierreich". Zimmer's original contribution to the knowledge

of the northern fauna is of slight importance, but his paper on the Cumacea in "Deutsche Siidpolar-Expedi-

tion 1901—1903 Bd. XIV. Zool., VI, p. 438 491 (published in r.913) contains a very interesting chapter;

"Zirkumpolaritat und Bipolaritat" (p. 183 488), in which an outline <>t the classification of families and

'..\ followed by me is given, together with the number of species of each genus in the five climatic /ones

■ he oceans

Results and Questions.

A The Material.

A comparison ol the Cumacea from the "Ingolf" area with the world's fauna of the same order may

me interest. In 101 ; Stebbing states to have enumerated 509 accepted and 23 doubtful species; of

the latti reat majority will certainly disappear as unrecognizable for ever or synonyms, and

only ■ established since [91 ;. It we therefore put the total number of valid species

Hit 1 . blished to [15, we must be near the truth. Compared with that number 66 species from the "In-

rhaps somewhat more than might be expected.

rrangement of families and then genera ol the world's fauna is that published by Zimmer
in i 'ln-r little from that adopted by Caiman, and Caiman's arrangement differs somewhat

Zimmer accepted onlj 7 families, and it is very interesting that 6 ol these

il the seventh family, the Ceratocumidae, only a single species

idded that the large familj Bodotriidse, which has very few species in the cold areas

is poorly represented in the 'Ingoli area, while the some-

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV

wliat smaller family L,eueonidte, of which not a single species is tropical, has a very high number of species,
viz. 22, in our area.

As to number of species in our area a comparison of the Cumacea with Isopoda and Tanaidacea
is rather suggestive. Of the order Tanaidacea Sars described 28 species from Norway, while I (1913) enumer-
ated from the "Ingolf" area 78 species, 52 of which were new to science; of Isopoda Sars has 84 species from
Norway, while I (1916) counted from our area 164 species, 70 of which were new. Compared with these
astonishing results the outcome as to Cumacea is proportionately moderate, viz. from Norway according
to Sars 49 species, while I enumerate 66 species, 24 among them new. As a very large number of the Tanai-
dacea and many Isopoda are smaller and not more easy to detect in sifted bottom material than the Cumacea,
and as the animals of all three orders have been searched after with the same care and interest in the same
samples, it follows that the fauna in our area of the last-named order must be much less exceeding that of
Norway (or Great Britain) than is the case with that of Tanaidacea and Isopoda in proportion to the Nor-
wegian (or British) fauna of these orders. An explanation can partly be derived from some facts to be pointed
out later on as to bathy metrical distribution.

B. The Classification.

The shape and morphological structure of the appendages is on the whole well known at least in one
form and frequently in some species of most genera. Nevertheless, the value of a number of genera is rather
questionable, and, what is more important, some of the families are not very well defined. G. O. Sars, the
first author who divided the order into families, accepted in 1879 8, in 1899-1900 9 families ; Caiman established
a new family on an aberrant form discovered at Ireland, but both the last-named author and C. Zimmer
pointed out in various papers the difficulty or impossibility of maintaining a few of the older families, and
the result is that 3 were cancelled, so that Zimmer in 1913 has 7 families; this arrangement is, I think, the
best hitherto proposed. Stebbing divided in 1912 and in "Das Tierreich", 1913, the order into 26 families,
but this radical splitting has already been criticized by Zimmer, and I cannot follow the highly meritorious
English author in his classification. But his attempt has a peculiar interest, because it is a symptom or indi-
rect indication of the difficulty every Zoologist will find in trying to circumscribe natural and well defined
families in this order. In my opinion we must know at least twice, perhaps three times as many species as
hitherto described — especially of the fauna living in from 100 to about 600 fathoms in tropical and sub-
tropical seas — before we can hope to ameliorate the classification in points essential. And perhaps the task
will prove itself partly insoluble, as seems to be the case in the suborder Amphipoda Gammarida.

In the present paper not the slightest attempt of reform as to families has been made. The large ma-
terial contained certainly a good number of new species, but not one among them differed so much from a
previously well-known species, that it became necessary or even possible to establish a new genus for its
reception. And the types of the genera dealt with here were all well studied. The only thing I could make is
in a few cases to lay more stress than generally made on some differences serviceable as specific characters;
for inst. the shape, relative size and serration of the joints in third pair of maxillipeds in Procampylaspis and
( timpylaspis (and perhaps in several other genera) ought to be considered more carefully than generally believed.

1*

>S1 R u A IV

Geographical and bathymetrlcal Distribution.

•h.it in the cold deep-sea area, with depths from aboul t°° to i [09 fathoms
.• the bottom below zero, onlj g have been taken, and tint no1

sclusivelj limited to that area \ui"n ies two, viz.

Ohlin, have in that area only been 1 Stal C26 293 fath .

the limit <>t the area / Nathorstu has also been found in Davis Strail ith.,

1 hile / ured al six stations in 1 (avis Strail . in depth- from 88 to 1 [99 fath., and

temperature and besides in low watei .it Iceland, etc. Leucon spinulosus a. sp. has been taken

Jan Mayen in r.003 fath., temp. . bul besides at three deep stations in the warm area, in

' ampylaspis intermedia a. sp. has been taken south oi Jan Mayen, 37] fath.,
tern] : . and besides in Davis Strait. 318 lath., temp. ; g Leptostylis villosa G. ( ». S. has been gathered

the cold area, in 293 and 471 lath., temp. ■ 0.5 and o.6c, bu1 besides in the warm area
in Davis Strait. ;is fath., temp. 3.9 . in low water at Iceland, furthermore south and north oi Iceland in
ths between aboul [8 and K14 fath. Leptostylis longimana G. < ). S. has been taken five times in the cold
are.; th . temp. : 0.6- . o.g . bul is was also secured at two typical stations in the warm area

ral places in the North Sea. south-easl oi our area). Diastylis Rathkii Kr. was taken in the cold
lath., temp. .im\ several times in the warm area down to 420 lath., and in lower watei

Heller was gathered once in tin- cold area. 537 lath., temp. : 0.7 . but besides in Davis
i1 m depths from 48 to about 200 fath. and the bottom temperature above zero. Diastylis polaris G. I I S
/' stygia G 0 S may be called a typical inhabitant <>l the cold area, and the "Ingolf" captured it at
ten such stations in depths from 371 to 1309 fath., temp, . 0.4 : 1 1 . bul the same ship gathered also
imens in the warm area, in Davis Strait. 5NJ lath., temp. 3.3 . and Caiman records it from many stations
America between Lat. 41 ' s X. and I. at. 37 25' N . depths generally from [149 to [769 fathom- It is
interesting that, while 8 species of Tanaidacea and 15 species oi [sopoda an- in my earlier "Ingolf "-papers
trded as only taken in the cold d< area, not a single species ,,t Cumacea is limited to that area.

\\V find also considerable differences as to bathymetrical distribution between Tanaidacea and [so-
hand and the Cumacea on the other. At the deepesl "Ingolf" station, Stat. 38, [870 lath., temp.
- oi Tanaidacea and 8 species of Isopoda were secured, hut not a single specimen of Cumac
■ I fath., temp. (.5 I an enormous bottom material, espccialh sponges, was hauled up, and
of Tana; rid 11 species ot [sopoda, bul only i species oi Cumacea. Stat 24 i i [99

yielded oi Tanaidacea t2, of [sopoda [5, bul of Cumacea only 6 -penes. The extremely
th., tern] at which only a rather small quantity of bottom material was hauled

Tanaidacea, [8 species oi [sopoda living at the bottom (besides 2 bathypelagu
. proportionate^ good number of the last-named order From Stat,
thus more moderate depth, I had 8 species oi Tanaidacea, [6 species oi [sopoda,
Bul while all the stations now mentioned were the only places really rich as to
onlj twi g them, viz. and Stat 25, contained .1 good representation

le last-named station with it- 582 fathoms the harvest was richer than from Stat

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV.

36, 1435 fath. But three other places, which have rather moderate depths and yielded lower numbers of Ta-
naidacea and Isopoda than the deeper stations just enumerated, gave the richest harvest of Cumacea. The
places in question are: "Ingolf" Stat. 32, 318 fath. (temp. 3.90), with 12 species; the "Thor" at Bat. 6i°o7' N.,
Long. cj°3o' W., 443 fath., with 13 species, and at Lat. 6i°i5' N., Bong. 9°35' W., 463 — 515 fath., with even
15 species, thus only a little less than one-fourth of the total number of species in the area.

As only rather few species of Cumacea are restricted to depths from a few and down to 50 — 60 fa-
thoms, the majority live most frequently or always in considerable depths, while only 15 species (2 among
them only taken by the "Valorous") have been found in depths from 1000 to 1870 fathoms, and only 10 of
these are known exclusively from these depths; 8 of these 10 species are new to science.

Of Tanaidacea the "Thor" secured only a few species, of Isopoda scarcely */i of all species known from
the area, but of Cumacea 33 species, half of the whole number known from our area, while the "Ingolf" had
only somewhat more, viz. 41 species. The geographical and bathymetrical distribution of the species of Cu-
macea helps somewhat to understand that remarkable fact. Many of the "Ingolf" stations are in the cold area,
which has a very poor fauna of this order. Furthermore stations with the depth exceeding 600 fathoms yielded ,
with a single exception, a comparatively considerably or much lower number of Cumacea than of Tanaida-
cea and Isopoda. The highest number of species was taken both by the "Ingolf" and the "Thor" at places
with depths between 300 and 600 fathoms; finally the bottom of the two above-named places, where the
"Thor" gathered the very high number of Cumacea, must be especially tit for animals of this order.

Family Bodotriidae.

Ot this rich family, which is widely distributed in warmer temperate and in tropical seas, only two
genera have been found in the "Ingolf" area.

CydaSpiS G. O. Sars.
The single European species of this large genus occurs in the southern part of our area.

1 Cyclaspis longicaudata G. O. Sars.

1865. Cyclaspis longicaudata G. O. Sars, Forh. Vid. Selsk. i Christiania for 1864, p. 207.
1896. Bonnier, Ann. Univ. Byon, T. XXVI, p. 534. Bl. XXVIII, tig. 2a— 2v.

11899. G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 16, Bis. VII— VIII.

1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief., p. 30.

Bonnier has described and figured the sculpture on the carapace, but did not perceive that many of
the so-called "cellules" have at the middle a more or less elevated granule. — A feature, which seems to have
been overlooked by authors, is that in females and immature males (adult males are unknown to me) the
distal part of the upper margin of the peduncle of the uropods has 3 or 4 saw-teeth.

IV

I'.ikcn b) the single station in the warm area

; ■ ■ \ I.- Hi '. . j immature females

is been captured b) the "Thor" al two plao

[5 N Long 9 15' W., \t ; 515 fath.; ;i specimens
I. at 6i 7 N l [0 W . 443 fath large number of specimens

Bars says that this fine species has l>«.cn gathered .it several places on the
. northwards to of] the Lofoten Islands, and always in depths oi more than too fathoms
• has been secured in the northern part oi the North Sea at I. at 58 ;j N . Long, t t8 I.
Iman records it 1mm places wesl ol Inland. r.12 to 454 fath.; Norman from the North Atlantic
"ii N Long. 37 11 W . 1 |v> fath., and from off the Spanish coast, J. at j> '1 X , Long. 9 [8 W.,
ith Bonniei described a specimen from the Baj oi Biscay, 510 fath. Furthermore it has been taken
m the Mediterranean near Capri in depths from 65 to 584 fath Lo Bianco, Caiman), and Eas1 ol Sardinia,
Stephensen) Finally it has been taken in the North-West Atlantic off the United States between
l.at '.'i sa and 38 22 N. in depths from [525 to [825 fath. (Caiman)

Bathycuma H. J. Hansen.

< inly one species is known from the an

2. Bathycuma brevirostris Norman.

A M Norman. Ann. Mag. Nat Hist. 5. ser. Vol. Ill, p. Ji.
Vaunthompsonia coeca Bonnier, Ann. Univ. Lyon. T. XXVI, p. 536, PI. XXVIII, figs ;a
cuniii In Caiman, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest [904 I, p. 18.

sire, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 19. Lief. p. 13.

M> three specimens are all mutilated ; thus only a single uropod is present. The serration at the median
line oi the < arapace shows t Ik- din pointed out bj Bonniei between the female and the immature male,

: the female the posterior two-fifths of the median line have some-, in my specimen 4. teeth, placid with
irregular intervals, but these teeth are wanting in the young males.

Taken by the "Ingolf" at a single station in the warm area,
and Stat, 40: I. .it "j 00 N . Long, ji [6' \V .. 845 fath., temp. 3.3 . 1 immature male.

has been taken by the "Thoj a1 a single place

land l.at 62 57' N., Long, io 58' W . 508 fath.; 1 adult female and 1 immature male.

on. Norman's type was taken to the south ol Rockall, Lai 56 26 N , Long. 14 z8' \Y.,

ilnian record-- it Iron. Ireland, ;v fath Bonnier from time place- in the Baj ol Biscay,

with the depths froi fath Finally it has Keen taken near Capri in depths from 504 to 584 fath

•

CRUSTACKA MALACOSTRACA. IV.

Family Leuconidae.

As to geographical distribution this moderately large family is extremely different from the Bodo-
triidae. While, as pointed out by Zimmer, the latter family has a greater number of forms in the tropical
than in the northern or southern temperate seas, and only a couple of representatives, both deep-sea forms,
within the "Ingolf" area, no member of the Leuconidae has been found in the tropical seas, while a rather good
number of forms inhabit the boreal-arctic and the subantarctic and antarctic seas. Three well-known genera
are represented in the "Ingolf" area.

LeUCOn Kroyer.

Of this genus the "Ingolf" and the "Thor" together has secured a large number of forms, viz. all
species taken in the area in question by earlier expeditions excepting L. longirostris G. O. Sars, furthermore
all species captured according to Sars at Norway and according to Caiman at Great Britain and Ireland,
finally 5 new species. The result is that no less than 14 species (L. longirostris G. O. S. included) are known
from our area, an astonishingly high number of this genus. A few species are found in rather low water or
in moderate depths; several are mainly from depths between 200 and 600 fathoms, and some are real deep-
sea forms.

The following arrangement, though partly somewhat artificial, may be of some use for the student
of this somewhat difficult genus.

A Species with an extremely long, freely projecting branchial siphon.

3. Leucon siphonatus Calm.

11905. Leucon siphonatus Caiman, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest. 1904, I, p. 19, PI. I, figs. 2 — 4.
1906. Caiman, Mitth. Zool. Stat. Neapel, 17. Bd. 4. Heft, p. 416, PI. 27, fig. 9.

1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. 64.

The single specimen is a female with marsupium, ^,.j mm. long. It agrees on the whole well with
Caiman's description and figures; especially the somewhat curved pseudorostrum with its very concave
lower margin is most characteristic. On the anterior part of one of the sides of the carapace I have counted
at least 16 teeth. More than the anterior half of the lower margin of the carapace is serrated, but most of
the teeth are difficult to see because they are almost subparallel with the margin. Pseudorostrum has 5 teeth
on the upper margin, but the single tooth anteriorly on the dorsal crest in Caiman's Irish specimen does not
exist in my specimen. The upper part of the anterior margin of third free thoracic segment has several fine
teeth, but no armature could be perceived on any of the other segments. In the antennula; the third joint
of the peduncle is nearly as long, but only half as thick, as the second ; it is nearly half as long again as the
external flagellum. In second pair of legs the merus is very thick and short, the caqjus very slender and
elongated, almost twice as long as the merus and a little longer than the two distal joints combined.

lCRA MAI l\

.. ■•! bj •' al .1 single station

I. .it '•; ,6 N. I. ong j | |o \\ [36 fath., temp 6.0 1 specimen
The type was secured West ol Ireland in (82 fath. (Caiman)
al several places neai Capri 111 depths from 53 to 584 fath (Caiman)

i Leucon spinulosus n. sp
(Pi. I I.. 1 d

Female (with marsupium). Carapace moderatelj oblong (fig 1 a), with pseudorostrum not in-

cluded .iliout one-tliird as long again as deep, and aboul .1- long .1- the free segments combined; when the

idorostrum 1- included the carapace is a little less than twice as long as deep The serration on the dorsal

found only on its anterior third or fourth; as a rule j rathei long teeth are seen in front, then conies

an interruption, and behind it 2 to 5 small teeth; a few teeth are found on each side between the antenna!

h and the frontal lobe; the latter has no lateral tooth (fig. 1 b) Pseudorostrum is rather long, somewhat

than half as long as the carapace, more than twice as long as deep at the base, and verj moderately

upturned, with the proximal part of the upper margin a little convex; aboul the proximal half of its uppei

side has | to ~ teeth, but these -how much individual variation in size, being sometimes all long, sometimes

rather 01 very small, or some large and others small. The lower margin of the pseudorostrum is oblique bul

not concave as in /.. siphonatus Calm., with a couple of smaller teeth near the middle. The antennal notch

is very distinct and varies in shape, generally with a small tooth on its upper margin; the front margin above

the notch generally with 2 or 3 long teeth and above them frequently 2 small teeth. The lower margin of the

pa< e 1- serrated in nearly its whole length, and the anterior teeth are long and strong; in front the margin

curves upwards to the antennal notch, below which a good-sized tooth is seen, while the tooth on the middle

the curvature is also large.

•thI and third free segments each with the anterior margin down to the middle ol the sides armed
with irregular, somewhat small teeth; furthermore the upper front angle of first segment has a couple of
teeth, the upper margin of fourth segment with 1 teeth; finally -> teeth just above the coxa of third leg on
the anterior margin of the segment, and a single tooth far downwards on the front margin of second seg-
ment; in immature specimens some or many of the teeth on the free segments are apparently wanting Al>-
domen slender and decidedly longer than cephalothorax with pseudorostrum.

'I'll'- branchial siphon is almost or fully as long as the tree thoracic segments combined The antennulae

eloped; second joint oi the peduncle twice as thick as. and slightly longer than, third

'.which; ellum, while the inner flagellum is about as long as first joint of the outer.

ir of legs mutilated m my specimens) Second pair oi g 1 c) most characteristic; the carpus

times a long as the thick merus and considerably longer than the two distal

terminal joint i- verv slender, with some very long seta at the end. The uropods

t longer than the two distal abdominal segments combined; the peduncle in the

a littl in your: l littli shorter, than first joint of the endopod, with only

inner margin, lirst joint ol the endopod a little more than two and a half times as long as

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV.

second joint, with about 4 spines on the inner margin; second joint has a single long spine and about 5 minute
spines on the inner margin, a long and thick spine and an extremely long seta on the end; exopod a little or
somewhat shorter than the endopod, with very few setae excepting some at or near the distal end.

Length of a female with marsupium from Stat. 24 3.8 mm., of an ovigerous female from Stat. 36
4.1 mm.

Remarks. This species is allied to L. siphonatus Calm., but differs in several particulars. Pseudo-
rostrum is considerably longer and scarcely curved; the dorsal edge and the anterior margin of the carapace
have more teeth ; some of the thoracic segments have marginal teeth ; in second thoracic legs the carpus is
still more elongated thaninZ,. siphonatus, while in the uropods the endopod is conspicuously longer than the
exopod. — The rather mutilated adult female from the cold area differs from the specimens from the warm
area only in having 5 instead of 2 or 3 small teeth on the dorsal edge of the carapace behind the interruption.
- It may be noted that many of the teeth, f. instance on the lower margin of the carapace, are frequently
difficult to count.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at three deep-sea stations in the warm and one station in
the cold area.

Davis Strait: Stat. 25: Lat. 63°3o' N., Long. 54°25' W., 582 fath., temp. 3.3°: 1 small specimen.
Stat. 24: Lat. 63°o6' N., Long. 56°oo' W., 1199 fath., temp. 2.4° ; 5 specimens (1

adult ?).
Stat. 36: Lat. 6i°5o' N., Long. 56°2i' W., 1435 fath., temp. 1.5°; 2 specimens (1

adult ?).
South of Jan Mayen: Stat. 117: Lat. 6g°i3' N., Long. 8°23'W., 1003 fath., temp. -M.O°; 2 spec-
imens (1 adult $).

B Species with the branchial siphon reaching at most a little beyond pseudorostrum.

a. Endopod of the uropods longer than, or at least about as long as, the exopod.

5. Leucon tener n. sp.

(PI. I, figs. 2 a — 2C.)

Female (with marsupium). Carapace oblong, half as long again as deep, and when pseudorostrum
is included twice as long as deep, about as long as the free segments combined. The serration on the dorsal
edge occupies only about its anterior third, and in this third even a long interruption is found, as two teeth
are seen anteriorly, then comes a smooth part and behind it 3 or 4 teeth. Pseudorostrum is considerably
upturned, long, nearly Vs of the whole length of the carapace, with the narrow end obtuse and the upper margin
slightly concave, while the lower margin is nearly straight and has two saw-teeth a little before the base
of the antennuke. The frontal lobe on each side with two teeth, one towards the dorsal edge, the other a little
above the lower margin. The antennal notch is feebly developed, as the antero-lateral corner of the carapace
is slightly produced, terminating in a small tooth, above which two minor teeth are seen; the lower margin

The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 6. 2

IS! RAt \ l\

abdomen is somewhal slender, .1 little shortei than the cephalothorax with

in

tched horizontallj forwards, with the tip of the outer flagellums( arcely reach-

trum; second joinl oi the peduncle is curved, thick, considerablj thickei

the outei (-jointed flagellum is verj considerablj longei than third joinl oi the peduncle,

; its two distal joints combined innei flagellum uncommonlj long, even : little

■r than lii-i joint of the outer flagellum Firsl pail oi legs (fig, 1 b) without teeth on the lower side

int; sixth joinl scarcelj longei than the fifth and much longer than the seventh Second pail ol

with the carpus in the adult conspicuously, in an immature specimen slightlj . longer than the two distal

joints combined. 1 ropods fig -< rather characteristic the peduncle as long as the exopod, with about

ines on the inner margin; second joinl ol the exopod with ; setae along the outer margin, the usual long

on the distal part of the inner margin and on the end, and besides ; well developed seta on the upper

surface; endopod somew hat longer than the exopod . its first joinl two and a half times as long as the second,

with 4 spines I in an immature specimen with 6 spines) a1 the inner margin, and the spine at its end is rather

and thick; second joint with two spines near the end. the second long and strong, and besides with an

extremely long terminal spine.

Length of the female with marsupium 4.4 mm.

Remarks. This small species is instantly recognized by the long pseudorosl mm, the very few dorsal
saw-teeth on the carapace, two pairs oi teeth on the frontal lobe, and the rami of the uropods. In the two
first-named features it shows relationsship to /.. spiniventris n. sp., but the latter is much larger and dii
from /.. tener in several sharply pronounced features.

urrence. The "Ingoli has gathered this species at three rather deep stations in the warm
Davis Strait: Stat. 25: I. at 63 30' N . Long. 54 25' W . 582 lath., temp. 3.3 ; 1 adult female
Denmark Strait Stat. 97: Lat. 65 28' N., Long. 27°39' W., 450 fath., temp. 5.5 ; 1 immature female.
South-West of Iceland: Stat 78 I. at 60 37' N., Long. 27 52' W., 799 lath., temp. 4.5 ; 1 young

specimen.

6. Leucon longirostris ('.. < >. Sars.

1. Lemon longirostris G O. Sars, Kgl. Sv. Vet.-Akad Hand! Ny Foljd. B. 9, No. 13, p. 42, Tafl. XV,

fig. 75-
Norman, Ann. Map. Nat. Hist. 5 ser., Vol, III. p. 69
Caiman. Mitth Zool Stat Neapel B. 17. p. 414, PI. 27, figs. 1
ibing, 1 »as Tierreich, ;g Lie! p 70

• ■ this characteristii species 1 have not seen any specimen, but it has been re©

: the entrance of Davis Strait: Lat. 59°io' N., Long. 50°25' W.,
ith.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. i I

Distribution. The type was taken off Portugal at Lat. 3<S°7' N., Long. 9°i8' W., 550 fath. (G. O.
Sars). Caiman recorded it from a place off the Un. States: Lat. 4o°i6'5o" N., Long. 67c,05'i5" W., 1290 fath.,
and from stations in the Mediterranean near Capri, 504 to 637 fath.

7. Leucon spiniventris n. sp.

(PI. I, figs. 3a— 3d).

Female (adult and subadult). Allied to L. longirostris G. O. S., but very distinct. Carapace with
pseudorostrum about 4 times in total length; more than the posterior half of the dorsal crest is feebly curved,
nearly horizontal, while its anterior part curves gradually considerably downwards and is armed with 2 tri-
angular teeth very distant from one another, and the anterior somewhat behind the end of the frontal lobe ;
the anterior tooth is moderately large, the posterior one considerably larger; the lateral surface of the frontal
lobe without any tooth. Pseudorostrum is a little more than '/i of the total length of the carapace, directed
considerably upwards and tapering from near the base to the subacute end ; its upper margin has the posterior
half a little concave, while the lower margin has towards the base 2 distinct teeth and 1 rudimentary tooth.
The antennal notch is regularly and somewhat flatly concave without any incision or tooth. The antero-lateral
angle of the carapace is slightly produced and equipped with a strong tooth, behind which the lower margin
has about 12 teeth. The pleural plate of the antepenultimate thoracic segment has its infero-posterior angle
produced into a slender tooth turning downwards; the last thoracic segment has on the anterior half of its
lower side two pairs of spiniform processes (fig. 3 c) directed downwards and forwards. The abdomen is rather
robust and a little longer than the cephalothorax ; its first segment has below a pair of procurved, spiniform
teeth (fig. 3 c).

The antennula? are moderately long; second joint of the peduncle is very thick, third joint much more
slender, through still robust. The outer flagellum 3-joiuted; first joint almost as long as the third joint of the
peduncle, and distinctly longer than second joint; the inner flagellum is a rather thick, subconical joint
with the end obtuse, and it is somewhat shorter than first joint of the outer flagellum. Third maxillipeds
without any conspicuous tooth on fourth or fifth joint. First thoracic legs without teeth on the lower side
of second joint ; the propodus is a little longer than the carpus and considerably longer than the terminal joint.
Second legs with the distal joints very robust ; carpus nearly as long as the two following joints combined.
Fourth legs at least in the immature female (fig. 3e) with a spine directed forwards and somewhat upwards
on the antero-interior side of second joint somewhat from its base. - - The uropods (fig. 3d) are a little
shorter than the two distal abdominal segments combined. The peduncle in the adult with about 7 spines
on its inner margin. The endopod is as long as the peduncle; its proximal joint at least five times as long as
the distal joint which terminates in a strong, somewhat curved spine longer than the joint ; this distal joint has
4 or 5 spines on its inner margin, while the proximal joint has in the adult about 17 spines; among the 8
spines on its distal fourth 3 are long and strong, while 5 are rather short; in the immature specimen 14 or
15 spines were observed on the proximal joint. The exopod is considerably shorter than the endopod.
Length of a female with brood in the marsupium 7 mm.

I\

is mon allied to L. longirosl i S than to any other northern spei

1 ie dorsal edge has only 2 teeth, whileL. longirostris has aboul 7; the pseudo-
■ nn-wli.it 1 the antenna] notch without teeth; the List thoracii segment

s, while only one paii are found in L. longirostris; in-1 abdominal segment
ti.il processes not found in anj other species, finallj the endopod ol the uropods has its
proportionatel) .1 good deal shorter than in L. longirosh
Nol taken by the fngolf", but bj Di Joh Schmidt in the middle ol Jul} [90

th of Iceland: Lai 62 s; N., Long, m 5s W v* fath. j specimens.

8, Leucon profundus n sp.
(PI. I. figs (.1 -(.l

Female (with marsupium). Carapace rather oblong, without pseudorostrum a little less than
hall igairj as deep, and slight^ shorter than the free segments combined when the pseudorostrum is

included the carapat e 1- .1 lit t k- less than twice as Long as deep. The serration on the dorsal edge 1- well devel-
: excepting a moderately short interruption somewhat before the posterioi end The frontal lobe has on
each sid. tooth .1 little above its lower margin. Pseudorostrum rather Long, a Little less than

third as Long as the carapace without pseudorostrum, somewhat upturned, half as long again as dee]);
the upper margin is slighth. concave, the lower and the terminal margins constitute together a continuous
rather convex Line, and the- terminal margin has aboul '1 somewhal small teeth. The antenna! notch is sub-
angular at the bottom and rather deep, as the antero-lateral cornei ol the carapace is considerably produced
with it- upper margin finely serrated ; the lower margin of the carapace has onlj about 7 teeth. The abdomen
is moderately robust aboul as in /.. Nasica kr . and somewhat longer than carapace with pseudorostrum.

The antennulse when stretched forward- (fig, j.b) with the peduncle long, reaching far beyond the

end of pseudorostrum. Second joinl ol the peduncle is unusually slender, third joint longer than second and

-till considerably more slendei outer Sagellum only half as long as third peduncular joint, with its first joint

than the two other joints combined; inner flagellum very short. Third maxillipeds normal; fourth

joint with z teeth, both on the distal part of its outer side, while the fifth joint has only a single tooth, situated

ll> on the outer margin. First pair ot lr-- ill- 4c) moderately robust; second joint on the distal half

e lower margin with a row ot strong teeth; third joint with a tooth on the inner, and fourth joinl with a

th on the outer margin near the end, fifth joint conspicuous!) longei than the sixth, which is not full)

th. S nd pair ol legs with the carpus rather long, somewhal Longei than the pro-

abined Qropods moderately -lender (fig rdi, the peduncle a Little Longer than
with about 3 Long and 1 short along the distal half ol the inner margin second joint of

,::<- outei margin, no setae on the upper side, while the end and the

■ inner margin have the usual loi endopod verj considerably longer than the exopod,

md a hall times as lo d joinl and slightly shorter than the exopod. with

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. lj

several — in the subadult specimen figured 8 — spines of different length on the inner margin; second joint
on the inner margin and the end with about 7 spines increasing in length from the first to the last, and the outer
terminal spine is almost as long as the joint.

Length of an ovigerous female 7.3 nun.

Remarks. This fine species is easily recognizable in having the carapace somewhat low in propor-
tion to its length, pseudorostrum rather long and longer than in the majority of forms, a conspicuous tooth
near the lower margin of the frontal lobe, the two distal joints of the antennular peduncles long and the outer
flagellum uncommonly short in proportion to the last joint of the peduncle, finally by the uropods with the
long endopod and the relative length of its joints.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingoll" at two deep-sea stations in the warm area.

Davis Strait: Stat. 24: Lat. 63°o6' N., Long. 56°oo' W., 1199 fath., temp. 2. 40; 16 specimens.
Stat. 36: Lat. 6i°5o' N., Long. 56°2i' W., 1435 fath., temp. 1.50; g specimens.

(Most of the specimens from both stations not full-grown or mutilated).

9. Leucon Nasica Kroyer.

[841. Cuma Nasica Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. B. Ill, p. 524, 532, Tab. VI, Fig. 31 — 33-

184(1. Leucon Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. 2. R. B. II, p. 189, 209, Tab. II, Fig. 5, a — b.

1849. Kroyer, in Gaimard, Voy. en Scand., Crust. PI. Ill, fig. 2, a — o.

! 1900. nasicus G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 30, Pis. XXI — XXII.

191 1. nasica Stappers, Camp. arct. Due D'Orleans, Crust. Malacost. p. 100, PI. IV, fig. 1.

1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. 66.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at a single place.

North- West Iceland: Dyre Fjord, 20 fath., mud; 13 specimens.

But this species has been secured at a good number of other localities within our area. Off West Green-
land it has been captured at Proven (Lat. 72^23' N.), 200 — 300 fath., and at Nivak (Lat. 68°36' N.), 120 fath.
(H.J.Hansen). The "Thor" gathered it south-west of Iceland: Lat. 63°46' N., Long. 22°56' W., 80 fath.
(many hundreds of specimens), and south of Iceland: Lat. 63°i8' N., Long. 2i°3o' W., 94 fath. Furthermore
it has been taken at North-West Iceland by Mag. W. Lundbeck in Onundar Fjord, 11 — 12 fath., ooze with a
few stones and some alga? (large number of specimens), and by Mag. R. Horring in Dyre Fjord, 10 — 12 fath. ;
off North Iceland by the "Thor" near Husa Vik, 42—53 fath.; at East Iceland by Mag. R. Horring in Fask-
ruds Fjord, 50 — 20 fath., and by Dr. A. C. Johansen in Loons Vik, 40 fath., ooze and clay; finally south of
Iceland by Dr. A. C. Johansen at Vestman-Islands, 68 — 70 fath., clay and ooze.

At East Greenland L. Nasica has been taken two times, viz. in Hekla Havn, Lat. jo°2j' N. (H. J.
Hansen), and in Scoresby Sound, Lat. 70 43' N., 37 fath. (Ohlin).

Distribution. This species has a very wide distribution. It inhabits the Kattegat, especially
its eastern parts, and goes southwards into the northern half of the Sound and the northern part of Store
Belt and Odense Fjord; in these southern localities it has been taken in 9 fath., and even in "7 — 9" fath. ; in

[V

I iii depth- from 70 and down to 150 fath. (Meinerl 11. J Hansen] A1 Norwa)
Fjord to Vadso in 30 too fath G. O. S rs [t has been
: gen, the most northern <>t the stations at I. at. 78 27 N , in in and
■ human Si 51 :•■' from Matot-chkin Strait. [0 IS -'"'1 |0

. the Kara S ith 11 1 Hansen), and somewhat furthei eastwards at two pi

, the mi rn locality being at Lat. 75°oo \ Long. 75°20 B Stuxberg At Scotland

ime places on the western side on the eastern side in Firth oi Forth, 40 to 4 ; fath.,
ithwards off Alnmouth and Sunderland, 59 and 45 fath. (various authors) furthermore at I. at.
; '. ; 3 W . 212 fath. (by the "Thor"), and at two places in the North Sea. the mosl southern

N Long 1 47' E., 47 fath. (by the "Thor1 Lo Bianco's statement on its occum
in the Mediterranean 1- oi course wrong. < >n the Atlantic side oi America it has been recorded from Gull oi
Si Lawrem ■■ fath. (S. [.Smith) and from two places at Labrador, one among them with 80 fath.

ally mi the Pa< ifi< side from two localities on the south coasl <>f Alaska, one among them with
■■ v dm

[O, Leucon Nuthorstii Ohlin.
(PI. I. figs.5a 5b

< ihlin, Hili. till K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. B. 26, IV No. r.2, p. 41, figs 9a?
nath Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 19. Lief. p. 68.

Some addition-, together with two figures, may be made to ohlin's brief description. My numerous

miens are rather small ; a female w ith marsupium from Jan Mayen measures only 4.3 mm in length, while

< >lilin -ays 7 nun. Pseudorostrum i- no1 quite as long as figured by Ohlin, and shaped about as in /.. fulvus

• - The frontal lobe has always a single and distinct, acute tooth on each side; I have inspected more than
thirty specimens from Jan Mayen and everj specimen from the other localities without finding any exception
When the antennuke are in a horizontal direction their peduncle terminates vertically below the end of pseudo-

trum; the outer flagellurn i- as long as the terminal joint of the peduncle, and it- first joint i- considerably

the two other joints together. Third maxillipeds on the proximal two-third- oi the lower side of

>nd joint with a longitudinal row oi small, feebl fourth and tilth joints each with 2 spiniform teeth

and I tooth di-tally on the lower side, l'n-t pan oi legs fig. S ai rather slender; second

• with only two spines very remote from one another on the lower side; fourth joint without any distal
th on the outer n ixth joint a little shortej than fifth and much longei than seventh. Second legs

■mt nearly as long as the carpus. Fig. 5b exhibits the lefl uropod oi an adult female; it
onspicuously longer than the exopod, and it- proximal joint a little move than
1: the number and relative length oi the -jane- scarcelj need an) description
Taken by tl i 11 two stations

'■ Long. s<> ;v W [18 fath., temp . i 6 specimens.
[9 X . Long, is 52' W., 293 fath., temp : 0.5 : s specimens.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. I 5

The Ilnd Amdrup-Kxpeditiou has secured this species at two places.

Jan Mayen, 50 — 60 fath., and 55 fath. ; 46 specimens.

East Greenland: North of Steward Land (ab, Lat. 70^0' N.), 158 fath., clay with stones; 1 specimen.

Distribution. Ohlin's specimens were taken at three stations at King Charles Island, Spitz-
bergen, viz. in Bremer Sound. 53—58 fath., temp. 7 1.45° ; at Lat. /8°5o' N., Long. 27°^' E., 10 fath., temp.
0.2°, and at Lat. 78°5o' N., Long. 2g°39' E., 32 — 37 fath.; furthermore it is recorded from a place at East
Spitzbergen, 45 fath., and from a locality north of Spitzbergen at Lat. 81 20' N., 530 fath. (Zimmer, in 1908).
Stappers recorded 3 specimens from two hauls taken near one another south of Novaya Zemlya, Lat. 70 20' N.,
Long. 56°35' E. and 56°34' E., 48 fath.

11. Leucon nasicoides Lilljeb.

1855. Leucon nasicoides Lilljeborg, Ofv. K. Sv. Vet. Akad. Forhandl. B. 12, p. 122.

1.1900. G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 31, PI. XXIII.

1911. — Stappers, Camp. arct. Due D'Orleans, Crust. Malacost. p. 102, PL IV, fig. 7.

191 3. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief., p. 65.

Occurrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf", but captured by several other expeditions or collectors
at various places within our area.

At West-Greenland it was known from Kekertak, Lat. 6g°58' N., 40 fath., and Godhavn, Lat. 69°i4'N.
(H. J. Hansen) ; by Traustedt it has been gathered at Holstensborg, Lat. 66°56' N. It is not known from the
northern, western or southern side of Iceland, but at East-Iceland it has been taken at four places, viz. in
Bakke Fjord, 52 — 43 fath. ("Diana", by Dr. A. C. Johansen) ; Viid Fjord, 8—12 fath. (by Mag. R. Horring),
Faskruds Fjord, 50 — 20 fath., blue clay (by Mag. R. Horring), and Breiddals Vik, 6 fath., mud and black
sand, about 200 specimens (by Dr. A. C. Johansen). Off East Greenland it has been taken by the Ilnd Am-
drup-Expedition at Cape Dalton, Lat. ca. 69°3o' N., 9 — 11 fath., 1 specimen, and it has been recorded from
Hekla Havn, Lat. 70°27' N., 10 fath. (H. J. Hansen), and from S. of Little Pendulum Island, Lat. 74°35' N.,
Long. i8°23'W., 9—12 fath. (Ohlin).

Distribution. L. nasicoides has been recorded from the southern part of Kattegat, 14V2 to 20 fath.,
the Samso Belt, 7 and 11 fath., and the northern part of the Sound, 16 fath. ; furthermore from Skager Rak,
no and 125 fath. (H. J. Hansen). At Norway it has been found in several localities from Christianiafjord
to Lofoten, 10 to 50 fath., and at Hammerfest (G. O. Sars). Stappers recorded a good number of specimens
from two hauls taken near one another south of Novaya Zemlya, Lat. 70 20' N., Long. 56 35' and 56^34' E.,
48 fath. Off North America it has been recorded from the Gulf of St. Lawrence and from Eastport in the Bay
of Fundy (S. I. Smith), finally from Lat. 45°29' N., Long. 55°24' W., 67 fath. (Caiman). -- Stebbing (1. c.) has
among the localities "Spitzbergen", depth 1000 m. ; his authority is certainly Zimmer in "Fauna arctica", but
he has overlooked that the last-named author in his Cumacea from the German "Tiefsee-Expedition", 1908,
p. 178, says that the specimens from Spitzbergen determined by him in 1900 as L. nasicoides in reality
belong to L. Nathorstii.

KA MAI.AI \ IV

Endopod of the uropods distinctly or considerably shorter than the exopod.

Leucon full us G. O Sars

Forh. Vid Selsk. Christiania for 1864, p
■ ; rs Account, III p |2, PI. XXIV.
Stappers, Camp arct. Due D'Orleans, Crusl Malacosl i> 105, I'l I\' fig
Stebbing, Das Tierreich, ;g Liei p 66

Tin- rding to S.us and Stappers, known only from depths between »> and so fathoms,

tints .1 pronounced shallow-watei form. Tin- following list oi localities shows nearly every desirable depth

to .m«l 582 fathoms, ami even that a couple oi specimens from nearly 1200 fath .11 <1 to

tin- 1 have spent a good deal of time in search for any reliable character, by which it would In- possible

the specimens from more than 50 or 100 fathoms to another species, but without result . In tin- cara]
the antennulse, the thoracic legs oi firsl and second pairs, and tin- uropods some \ ariation in minute particulars
could be found, but no real difference indicating the possibility ol dividing the form into two species. ' >nly
one feature may be noted, viz. that the 2 specimens from Stat. [5, [62 fath., 4 of the 5 specimens from Stat.

fath . and the majority of, bu1 not all, specimens from Stat. 32, 318 fath., have some or several saw-
teeth on the dorsal edge ol first and second tree thoracic segments, while such teeth are absent in the 2 spec-
imens from Stat 28, 420 lath., the 2 specimens from Stat. 12(1. 2.1 | fath., the 2 young males from Stat. 24,
1 100 fath., ami in specimens from all places with the depth less than 200 fath. The existence of such dorsal
teeth on the anterior thoracic segment*- is consequently to lie regarded as variation in specimens from con-
siderable depth.

It may he mentioned that second joint of the exopod in the uropods is always at least rather long,
but frequently not .,- long in proportion to first joint as shown by Sars. Stappers states that he lias found 4
lanceolate appendages on the ischium of third pair of thoracic legs in the adult males, and that these append-

shotter than in the other lioreal 01 arc tir forms examined l>v him ; this observation agrees completely
with males from ( tnundar Fjord examined by me, and it is mentioned here, because G.O. Sars in 1865 has an-
other statement and in 1900 a third statement, both consequently wrong,
currence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at 8 stations.

Davis Strail 31 !5'N., Evong. 56 |8' W., [18 fath., temp. |.g 9 specimen-

Stat. ;i In 66 ;5 N [yOng. 55 54' W., 's's fath., temp, t.6 . | specimens.

I. .it 65 16' N . Long. 55 05' W., [62 lath., temp. 3.6 . 2 specimens

• I 14' N\. L,ong 55 42 \\\. 420 lath., temp ; 5 . 2 specimens.

■ 2s l.at d; ;o'N\, bong. 54 2s' \V. , 582 lath, temp ;.; ; 5 specimens

: bat. ') ; 0(1' X.. bong s'> <>" W.. Il't'i fath., temp. 2.4 . 2 specimens (im-
mature males
V. bong 20°02'W., i'i| fath., temp. 0.6 24 specimens

, N bong I S S2 \Y ,20 ; lath. temp. oS . 2 specimens.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV.

'7

The "Thor" gathered L. julvus south-west of Iceland: Lat. 63°46' N., Long. 22°56' W., 80 fath.
Furthermore it has been taken west of Iceland in Faxe Bugt off Kolla Fjord, 10 fath. ; at North-West Iceland
by the "Thor" and by Mag. W. Lundbeck in ( hnmdar Fjord, 10 fath. and 11 — 12 fath.; at North Iceland in
Skjalfandi, 21 fath. (by "Beskytteren") ; finally recorded by G. O. Sars from the harbour of Reykjavik, South
Iceland.

Distribution. AtNorway it is recorded from the Lofoten islands, 6 — 12 fathoms, and from "several
places of the Finmark coast, as far east as Vardo" (G. O. Sars). Furthermore it has been taken in Advent
Bay, Spitzbergen (G. O. Sars), and Stappers recorded numerous specimens from two hauls taken near one
another south of Novaya Zemlya, Lat.70°2o'N., Long. 56°33' and 56°34' E., 48 fath. — Lo Bianco recorded
it erroneously from the Mediterranean.

13. Leucon acutirostris G. O. Sars.

1865. Leucon acutirostris G. O. Sars, Forh. Vid. Selsk. Christiania for 1864, p. 181.
!io,oo. G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 34, PI. XXVI.

1911. Stappers, Camp. arct. Due D'Orleans, Crust. Malac. p. 107, PI. IV, fig. 10.

1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. 7^.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at 5 places:

Davis Strait: Stat. 32 : Lat. 66°35' N., Long. 56°38' W., 318 fath., temp. 3. 90; 38 specimens.
Stat. 28: Lat. 65°i4' N., Long. 55°42' W., 420 fath., temp. 3. 50; 19 specimens.
Stat. 27: Lat. 64°54' N., Long. 55°io' W., 393 fath., temp. 3. 8°; 2 specimens.
Ameragdla (inner end of Ameralik Fjord), Lat. 64°i2' N. ; 1 specimen.
Stat. 25: Lat. 63°30' N., Long. 54°25' W., 582 fath., temp. 3.30; 26 specimens.
Distribution. Taken several times in eastern Kattegat southwards to off Kullen, 16 to 44 fath.
(H. J. Hansen), and three times in Skager Rak, 70 — 125 fath. (Meinert). According to Sars it has been taken
in many places along the Norwegian coast from the inner part of Christiania Fjord, 30 — 60 fath., to Vadso;
besides Sars recorded it from 200 fath. in Christiania Fjord, and Norman from 150 to 300 fath. in Thrond-
hjem Fjord. Finally Stappers recorded several specimens as taken south of Novaya Zemlya, in 48 fath.,
together with L. nasicoides, L. Nathorstii, L. julvus and L. pallidas.

14. Leucon pallidus G. O. Sars

1865. Leucon pallidus G. O. Sars, Forh. Vid. Selsk. Christiania for 1864, p. 182.

1873. G. O. Sars, Kgl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Ny Fojld. B. n, no. 6, p. 9, Tafl. Ill, Fig. 10.

11900. G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 33, PI. XXV.

191 1. Stappers, Camp. arct. Due D'Orleans, Crust. Malac. p. 106, PI. IV, fig. 9.

1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. 71.

Sars says in 1900: "Dorsal crest very fully developed, extending to the hind edge," but the crest
has always a short part somewhat before the hind margin without serration, as shown in his fig. C and in his

The lngolf-Expedition. III. 6. 3

iCA l\

ens from to and 6 fathoms the pseudorostrum Is .1 lit t U- shoi
roin deepei water, but the endopod ol the uropods is normal; it ma;

endopod i short in proportion to th< 1 xopod .1- in

curren< Taken by the "Ingoli .11 1 stations.

Da N Long \\ ' . |i8 I'.itli .. temp ib 1 1 sp

some among them mail
Sta1 25 La1 . ' i mg. 54°25' W., 582 fath., temp. 3.3 . 5 specimens

\\ ■ 31 !' v La1 63 56 N . Long, 24 |i> \\ 1 ;6 fath., temp 6.0 1 specimen

1 Mayen Stat 1 1 s Lat. 70 50 N., Long. 8 29' W., S(' fath., temp, o.i , 1 specimen
Furthermore it has been gathered bj Beskytteren in two places .it North Iceland, viz. in Skjal-
fandi, 10 fath., 2 specimens, and in Thorshofn, 6 fath., 2 specimens; at East [celand it has been secured
the "Thor" in Hjerads Floi, 28 (.7 fath . 2 specimens, and by Di \. C. Johansen in Breiddals \'ik, 10
fath., sand. 1 specimen

Distributii / pallidas is known from two localities 111 Skager Rak. 125 and 350 fath., (II. J.

Hansen) At Norwaj it has been taken in Christiania Fjord. 50 to 2 ;o fath., and in Hardanger Fjord, 150 to
(S m Throndhjem Fjord, 40 to ; fath. (Norman), and at Lofoten, [oo fath.; the "Thor" cap-

tured it south-wesl of Norway at I. at. 58 yz' X , Long \ r8 H . 1 pi fath. Furthermore it has been taken
south of Spitzbergen .11 l.at. 76 5' X . Long 1 ; 5 !•'. . 1 po fath., and at I. at. 76 eg X .. Long is r- E . 1 )'•
fath G. O Sars) Stappers recorded mani specimens as taken south of Novaya Zemlya, in j8 fath., together
with / ■ 5, /.. Nathorstii, L. fulvus and /. acutirostris, and 2 specimens from the western part of the

Kara Sea, at l.at. -1 _>(>' X'.. Long. 56 29' E . captured in a vertical haul from the bottom, 200 met. to [50
Caiman recorded [905) with a query a few immature and damaged specimens gathered west of
nd in 382 fath.; his observation, that they possessed "on either side of the cephalic lobe, just above the
>-u<l • il fissure, a small, inconspicuous denticle, sometimes two", makes the determination rather

uncertain.

[5. Leucon serratus Norman.
(PI. I. figs, oa— 6e).

Norman, Proc. Royal Soc. Vol. XXV, \> 212 nomen nudum)
Norman, Ann Mag. Na1 Hist. Ser. 5, Vol. Ill, p. 70
: | Stebbing, Das Tierreich, [9. Lief. p. 72.

nd immature Male) In general aspeel intermediate between / fulvus and /.. acuti-
J. In tl female the length oi the without pseudorostrum is in proportion to th<

■54. the length oi t! ice in proportion to the depth is as \<> ;6. The dorsal

onsiderabh before the posterior end in Norman's type the serration

my lateral spine Pseudorostrum feebly upturned, oi very moderate

■ as its terminal margin is rather long, subvertical or somewhat

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 1 9

feebly oblique, with 6 or 7 teeth. Anterolateral corner of the carapace much produced, so that the antennal
notch is deep and the terminal tooth on the corner long and strong ; the lower margin of the notch with a couple
of minute teeth. The lower margin of the carapace in my adult female with about 10 teeth. The abdomen is
moderately slender, about as long as cephalothorax without pseudorostrum.

The antennulse are very short (figs. 6 a — 6 b), in horizontal position their end is vertically below the
apex of pseudorostrum; second joint of their peduncle is very thick and distinctly longer than third joint,
which is rather robust and a little longer than the outer flagellum ; the inner fiagellum is short. Third maxilli-
peds (fig. 6c) with a row of small teeth on somewhat less than the proximal half of lower side of second joint;
fourth joint, the merus, seen from below with 3 strong, acute teeth at the terminal margin, and one large,
acute tooth distally on the outer margin ; caqjus with two slender teeth on the outer margin and one tooth
on the lower side at the end. First pair of legs cannot be fully described, because only a single leg was moder-
ately preserved, while the other five legs in the 3 specimens had lost their distal half; in an immature male
the second joint has a longitudinal row of 6 very strong, oblong teeth on the distal part of the lower side,
while in the adult female (fig. 6d) only 3 real and rather feeble teetli are found; in the last-named specimen
the distal half of the leg was uncommonly slender and its dactylus as long as the propodus, but somewhat
shorter than the carpus. Second pair of legs with the dactylus as long as the carpus. - The uropods (fig. 6e)
have the peduncle slightly shorter than the exopod, with about 4 spines along the inner margin; the exopod
has 3 shorter setae on the proximal part of the outer margin of second joint, while the end and the distal part
of the inner margin possess the usual long seta;; the endopod is much shorter than the exopod; its first
joint, which is nearly half as long again as the second, has 5 or 6 spines at the inner margin and one long
spine at its end; second joint with 4 spines on the inner margin and 2 terminal spines, the outer as long as,
or somewhat shorter than, the joint.

Length of an ovigerous female 4.9 nun.

Remarks. Norman established his L. serratus on a single female specimen measuring 6 mm in
length, thus somewhat larger than the single adult female examined by me. His description was published
as early as in 1879, without figures, and though seemingly good has its defects. Thus the relative dimensions
of the carapace stated by him had scarcely been measured with a micrometer and are therefore not accurate,
as I do not think the depth of the carapace is "subequal" to its length in any species of Leucon. Furthermore
his expression on the carapace: "antero-lateral corner produced forwards and outwards in wing-like form"
is certainly somewhat unfortunate. In order to remove these and other difficulties as to the determination
of my specimens I wrote to my able and always very helpful friend Dr. W. T. Caiman, asking him to examine
Norman's type preserved in the British Museum (Natural History) as to certain points, and I enclosed calk-
ings of my figures for comparison. He answered the questions and added sketches of the carapace, of first leg
and of an uropod. He says that "the antero-lateral angle of the carapace is not conspicuously everted", and
"there is no tooth on the side of the frontal lobe", an important character. His sketch of the carapace shows
that the dorsal edge of the type is somewhat more convex towards the middle, so that the carapace is distinctly
shorter in proportion to length than in my adult female, though without pseudorostrum decidedly more than
one-fourth as long again as deep ; furthermore lie figures only 4 teeth on the lower margin of the carapace,

V. \ [V

" i than in m> specimen, but I il<> aol think thai these differences are oi

third ra 1 ■ an see foui teeth on the merus and, I think, three on the

numbei oi teeth agrees completelj with m) description,

mentioned have a highei number oi such teeth than in any othei specii icon

ml are, besides, unusualh robusl 1 1 l- observed y strong teeth <>n second

■ l ound 6 in an immature male the difference is of no importano in nrj adult specimen

irioush week aspect, was perhaps n«>t quite normal, and therefore the low numbei of ;

the lowei side oi second joinl is no1 improbably a casual anomah Caiman's sketch oi the uropods

im< difference as to length between exopod and endopod, furthermore thai second joinl ol thi

endopod is even sUghtly longei in proportion to tirst joinl than in my fig. 6e; a difference as to spines on the

innei margin of tir-t joinl of the exopod is easilj explained l>y the supposition thai one spine or perhaps

spines near the middle ol the margin are Inst m Nun nan s type. His specimen was secured rathei neai the

where my specimens were captured, and judging from the similarity in importanl characters

I think thai my determination is correct.

currence. Taken by the "Ingoli a1 two deep-sea stations in the warm art
Davis Strait Stat. 24: I. at 63°o6 V. Long. 56°oo' W., [199 lath. temp. 2. 40; 1 ovig. female.

Sta1 [6 I .. 1 1 6i 50 X Long. 56°23 \\\, 1435 lath., temp. [.5 : 2 immature males.
The type, the only specimen hitherto recorded, was gathered by the "Valorous" at the entrance of
Davis Strait, l.at. 59 ro N Long 50°25' W., [750 lath. (Norman).

Hi Leucon robustus 11. sp.
PI 1. figs. 7 a ;d

Female (with the marsupium half developed) Rather similar to L.serratus, but showing some
sharp differences. Carapace about as deep in proportion to length as in I. serratus, bul the anterioi hall oi
the dorsal line 1- less convex; the serration on the dorsal edge is strongly developed, with the usual interrup-
tion con before the posterior end. The frontal lobe has a longitudinal row oi ; conspicuous teeth
a little above its lower margin. Pseudorostrum feebly upturned, moderately long, tapering to the acute end
with the lower margin a little convex and a tew teeth neai tin- end (fig 7b). The antenna! notch
i>- deep, angular at tin bottom, with 2 or 3 minute teeth on its upper and 5 teeth on its lower margin; the
1 corner then foi consideral ly produced; the lower margin of the carapace with aboul 9 teeth.
Tin- tree the gments < < .1 ill lined as long as pace withoul pseudorostrum. Abdomen moderately
the whole 1 1 phalothorax.
The antennui 7b) are long; the peduncle is -lender in proportion to length, reaching beyond
■ ith third joinl somewhat shorter and considerably more slender than the second;
mi 1- slightly shortei than third pedunculai joint; innei Bagellum very short.
- with a -in. roximal pari oi the lower side oi second joint; merus with one
other minute spine it the outer margin; carpus with _• well-sized distal spines, one
margin Firsi paii oi lee robust; second joinl with 3 strong teeth

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 2 1

on the lower side near the outer margin; nierus with a distal tooth on the outer margin; carpus conspicuously
longer than propodus and twice as long as dactylus. Second pair of legs with carpus somewhat elongated,
distinctly longer than the two distal joints combined. -- Uropods (fig. 7 d) somewhat similar to those in L.
serratus; the peduncle is a little shorter than the exopod, with about 6 spines along the inner margin; the
exopod is somewhat slender, witli the normal setse along the inner margin and on the end, and a few short
setae on the outer margin of second joint near its base; the endopod is considerably shorter than the exopod,
its first joint nearly more than two and a half times as long as the second, with about 8 spines along the
inner margin, and some of them long; second joint with 4 spines alon.^ the inner margin, and 2 long spines
on the end, the outer somewhat longer than the inner and as long as the joint.

Length of the largest specimen, a female with the marsupium half developed, 6.1 mm.

Remarks. L. robitstus agrees with L. nasicoidcs and differs from all other northern or European
forms in having 3 pairs of teeth on the frontal lobe, but the arrangement of these teeth is sharply different
in the two species. The uropods afford a good character in having the distal joint of the endopod rather short.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at a single station in the warm area.

Davis Strait: Stat. 36: Lat. 6i°5o' N., Long. 56°2i' W., 1435 fath., temp. 1.50; 2 immature females.

Eudorella Nor

man.

This genus is richly represented in our area, but excepting a single species the other forms are difficult.
On the following pages I have recorded 6 species, viz. E. cmarginata Kr. and 5 species allied to E. truncatula
Bate and E. hirsuta G. O. Sars, but apparently not belonging to any of these forms; 4 of the 5 species are
established as new. Especially the forms with only 2 or 3 saw-teeth above the antennal notch in the female
are very difficult, because, as already pointed out by Caiman, there is some individual variation in the arma-
ture of the anterior margin of the carapace and in other particulars generally used as specific characters.
Though my material is good, adult and subadult females ought to be collected at a much higher number
of stations within the "Ingolf" area and farther south before the individual variation and the limitation of
some of the species can be finally and satisfactorily decided. Meanwhile the following descriptions with fig-
ures may serve as help for a future investigator. It may only be added that there is probably a somewhat
high number of species of Eudorella, as the allied genus Leitcou really has numerous northern species, and
in the latter genus they can as a rule be separated with certainty, while in Eudorella the characters are gener-
allv more difficult to discover and point out, so that at the present time the personal judgment must in some
cases be applied more than desirable by the limitation of species.

17. Eudorella emarginata Kroyer.

1S46. Leitcou auargiuatus Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. 2. Ra?kke B. II, p. 1S1, 209, 211, Tab. II, Figs. 3, a — h.
1849. Kroyer, in Gaimard, Voy. en Scand., Crust. PI. V a, fig. 2, a — s.

Iigoo. Eudorella cmarginata G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 36, PI. XXVII — XXVIII.
1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. 75.

1\

1
Long 55 )-' \\ j2o fath temp 1.5 aboul 15 spedmens.
gdla inner end ol Ameralik 1 jord . La1 64 12 N g specimen!
Fjord 20 i.ith I.- spedmens
u- Fjord -' spedmens
land and tlu Faeroes Stal 1 I. .it 64 o; N Long u 12 \Y , 237 fath . temp 2.5

1 spedmen.
Furthermon «to has been gathered by several expeditions oi zoologists .11 a large number

- within the "Ingolf" area. It has been recorded from five places .it Wesl Greenland, viz. Umanak
d, I. at ab 71 N )i" fath.; Claushavn, I. at 6g us V. 280 fath., and Nivak, La1 NT., 120 lath.

II J Hansen); 111 Nordre Stromfjord, I. at. 67 40 N Long 52 [8' \V . 202 191 lath., temp. m k
finally Julianehaab, I. at 60 1, \ . ;o fath. (H.J. Hansen) South-wesl ol Iceland, al Lai
•• N L " W . 's" fath., an enormous numbei was secured by the "Thor". Furthermore it has

thered at Iceland bj the "Thor", Mag. R Herring, Mag. W. Lundbeck, Di A C Johansen and others
in many ol the Fjords thus <>n the- western side ol Iceland in Kefla \"ik. 15 — 16 fath., Faxe Bugt, 91 ., and
.th.. Dyre Fjord, to 121 1 fath., and 0nundai Fjord, n 12 fath , on the northern side off Husa Vik.
.tli.. on the eastern side in Mid Fjord, 5 fath . Bakke Fjord, 20 28 fath., Faskruds Fjord
20 fath., and Loons Vik, 40 fath.; on the southern side- at Vestman-Islands, 68 70 fath. At the Faeroes
it has been taken at Thorshavn (Lieut. Jensen). Finally the Ilnd Amdrup-Expedition gathered it at East
Greenland in Hurry Inlet, I. at. 70 50 N , 10 fath.

Distribution. E. emarginata has a wide distribution outside our area. It is common in parts of

southern Kattegat, penetrates far in the northern half of Store Bell and the Sound, and is common in the

in parts ol Kattegat ; the depths recorded are from 7 to aboul [0 fath. ; furthermore it has been gathered

ral times in Skager Rak, 70 to ab. 220 fath (Meinerl and II. J. Hansen). It occurs "rather plentifully ah 111:4

the whole Norwegian coast, from the Christiania Fjord to Vadso, in depths varying from 30 to 150 fathoms"

rgen it has been taken lour times, both on the western, the eastern and the north-
ing northward- to I. at 79 S's N. ; the depths were from ab. ro to 23] fath . and the temper-
ature at the bottom from 2.8 down to 0 2 (< >hlin). Stappers records it from places at the southern coast ol
Zemlya, 32 and 48 fath.; Stuxberg from Matotschkin Schai ;o ;o fath., three places in the Kara
th., and from three places more easterly in the Sibirian < >cean, 16 to 26 fath., the most eastern
eing I. at. 75 40' N Long. 78 \o' E
Furthermore it has orded by various author- from various places in the North Sea. excepting

Thoi gathered it at some places in it- northern half; the depths vary from

out ; It has Keen recorded from the Hebrides (Norman), Firth of Clyde (Th. Scott), and in

e Iri- Ireland at Lat. - , r N [0 |2 fath. (Caiman) Finally'il has been recorded from several

at the Atlanti if North America, viz Labradoi ; fath Caiman) ; Gulf of S1 Lawreno ;o fath.

th Smith Caiman) off Cape Cod, 16 fath., and off Marthas

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV.

18. Eudorella hispida G. O. Sars.
(PI. I, figs. S a— 8e).

1871. Eudorella hispida G. O. Sars, Of v. Kgl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forhandl. B. XXVIII, No. 1, p. 80.
! iS7i. G. O. Sars, Kgl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Ny Foljd, B. 9, No. 13, p. 49, Tafl. XVIII,

Fig- 95—97-
1912. Caiman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. Vol.41, p. 621.

E913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief, p. 79.

Sars established this species on a single immature female, 5V2 mm long, taken in a depth of only
30 — 35 fath. From a few stations I have several specimens, among them two females with marsupium, and
in some essential points they show so much similarity to Sars' representation of E. hispida that they are
referred to this species, though they differ in a few particulars of probably slight importance and — excepting
one specimen — have been taken in rather considerable depths.

The carapace and all segments of the body have a number of thin hairs, but not nearly as man}- as
drawn by Sars in his fig. 95. The anterior part of the lower margin of the carapace is nearly straight (figs. 8 a
and 8 b), with small saw-teeth, but the angle between this line and the front margin is distinctly larger than
shown by Sars (his fig. 96). The antero-inferior tooth is straight, nearly horizontal, long or very long. The front
margin between this large tooth and the next tooth is rather long, scarcely or slightly concave and without
vestige of any tooth. The antennal notch is in females deeper and more triangular than figured by Sars, with
a small denticle on the lower and two denticles on the upper margin ; in the immature male this notch is
scarcely developed, and the front margin between the upturned tooth at the upper end and the downwards
curved tooth farther below is feebly concave without serration. The abdomen is long and robust as figured
by Sars.

The antennulae (fig. 8 a) are somewhat robust, with many setae; terminal joint of the peduncle almost
as long as the outer flagellum, in which first joint is proportionately very long, more than three times as long
as the second. First pair of legs moderately slender; propodus considerably longer than carpus and slightly
more than twice as long as the dactylus. Second pair of legs are robust ; carpus is very distinctly longer than
merus and about as long as the two distal joints combined. — The uropods (fig. 8 c) are robust and very char-
acteristic, agreeing with Sars' fig. qy; the peduncle is as long as the endopod, with a good number of spines
at the inner margin; first joint of the endopod is very long, in adult specimens between five and six times
as long as second joint, and it has numerous, in the specimen drawn 15, spines along the inner margin; second
joint has 3 small spines on the inner margin and terminates in a very robust spine slightly shorter than the
joint, and besides its end has a moderately long, thick seta; the exopod, which reaches slightly or somewhat
beyond the end of first joint of the endopod, has numerous strong setae not only along the inner margin but
about five on the dorsal surface, and some shorter seta? on the outer margin.

Length of the adult female 7.2 mm.

Remarks. The robust animal with hairs on the whole body, the long, horizontal tooth from the
antero-lateral angle of the carapace, the characteristic uropods with numerous spines and setae and the very

iCA IV

uch with Sai that I do not entertain any doubl as to

immature specimen, and the differences between this and m>
it. • whatever, bul <>nl\ accidental or perhaps local variation Caiman
individual specimens to £ hispida 01 to / truncatula Bate
ied "ii .i single adult female From the < "Id deep-sea area a1 Spitzbergen,
allied t" / that a direct comparison ol specimens "t both Forms is very desirable The

al value discovered bj me <>n his figures are Found in the uropods; according to Sars'
the second joint i>i their endopod is proportionate!} considerably longer, while fir>t joint
erablj lower number ol -pines, and the exopod onlj a single seta on it- upper side
urrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at three stations in the warm area
Davis Strail L,at 66°35'N., Long I W . ;i8 lath . temp. ;.g 2 specimens

Stat. 28 I. at (>s i-} N. Long. 55°42' W. , 420 lath., temp. ; g 6l/« specimens.
Stat. 25 I. at 63 30 N Long 54 25 W., 582 Fath., temp. 3.3 1 specimen.
Besides a single specimen has been secured by Pro! 1> Bergendal al Jakobshavn, Wesl Greenland
Lai N .

Distribution. Recorded From a number oi places at the Atlantic coast oi Ninth America

southwards to Marthas Vineyard (about I. at 41' 1 N.), in depths from 1 to 4, 5, and 10 to
70 Fath - alman).

19. Eudorella arctica n. sp.

PI. I, tigs. 9a— <|d

Female An ovigerous female and an immature specimen are to hand, and agree with one another
in nearly all Features of any importance. The species is closely allied t" E. truncatula, bul an important dif-
ference in the uropods render- .1 reference t" the latter form impossible.

The immature specimen has a number of outstanding hair- on the surface of cephalothorax and
■ .men. while they have nearly disappeared in the adult. < >n the carapace the antenna! notch is somewhat
but rather -hallow; in the immature specimen (fig. 9a) one small large tooth are found above

and two small teeth below the notch, while in the adult that serration i- still inure rudimentary. The antero-
lateral is long, robust and horizontal in the small specimen, but feebly developed in the adult.

First pair oi m E. truncatula, as the propodus 1- considerably longer than the carpus

and nearly more than twice as long as the terminal joint. In second pair oi legs (fig 9 c) the merus is somewhat
thii I I nearly as long rpus the terminal joint is moderately broad. [ntheuropods fig. 9 d)

the peduncle is a little longer than the endopod, with several in the adult about 7 spines at the inner

in the -mall specimen, even beyond tin end "t the endopod, and ha- about
"ii tin outer margin and the usual setae mi the end and mi the inner
•!■ three times as long as second joint, with about 7 spines on the inner
joint :n" ■ "ii tin- iniiei margin, .1 rather long, very thick spine and an

•id

CRUSTACEA MAI.ACOSTRACA. IV. 25

I,ength of the ovigerous female 5.1 mm.

Remarks. The striking difference in the length of the rami of the nropods between E. trnucatala
and E. arctica makes it necessary to establish the latter species.

Occurrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf", but by the Unci Amdrup-Expedition at a single place.
East Greenland: Cape Dalton, ab. Lat. 69°3o' N., 9 — 11 fath., July 20, 1900; 2 specimens.

20. Eudorella parvula n. sp.
(PI. I, fig. 10a; PI. II, figs, ia— if.)

Female (and subadult Male). Closely allied to E. truncatula, but much smaller and showing
a few minor differences. Carapace nearly as in E. truncatula; the antennal notch in the females (figs, ia — ic)
somewhat short but rather deep and without teeth on the margins ; below the notch the margin has 2 teeth
of which at least the lower tooth is somewhat large; the margin of the interruption below these is in the
females scarcely ever concave or straight, but has an angular protuberance which varies much in size and
most frequently is low. The lower margin of the carapace is. anteriorly curved much upwards, so that the
tooth limiting the interruption is directed a little upwards and in reality situated on the front margin, while
the next tooth is placed between the anterior and the lower margin, and these two teeth are uncommonly large.
The front margin of the subadult male differs as usual materially from that in the female and is shown in fig.
1 f, but a description is scarcely needed.

In the antennulae (fig. 1 a) the outer flagellum is not inconsiderably longer than the terminal joint
of the peduncle. First pair of legs (fig. 1 d) afford a character between this species and E. truncatula, as the
propodus is at most one-fourth as long again as, and frequently only a little or slightly longer than, the carpus,
and distinctly less than twice as long as the dactylus, while in E. truncatula it is more elongated, being one-
third as long again as the carpus and at least twice as long as the dactylus. Second pair of legs (fig. 1 e) nearly
as in E. truncatula, though less robust; merus and carpus similar in length. — Uropods (fig. 10 a) in the female
with a lower number of spines than in E. truncatula ; the peduncle a little shorter than the endopod, with about

4 spines along the inner margin; first joint of the endopod not quite three times as long as the second, with

5 or 6 spines on the margin, while second joint has only a single spine or two spines on the inner margin, a
long and very thick terminal spine and an exceedingly long terminal seta; the exopod has a couple of sets
on the upper surface. In the subadult male the first joint of the endopod has 8 spines.

Length of the adult females 3.4 — 3.7 mm.

Remarks. Whether this species can be maintained as valid or may better be considered only
as a variety of E. truncatula must be decided by a future investigator possessing a very large material from
numerous localities. I am apt to consider it as a valid species, as I have a large material exclusively from rather
deep stations in the Davis Strait, while not a single specimen of the much larger form E. truncatula has been
found in any part of the "Ingolf" area. And the animals of E. parvula arc very uniform as to size and features.

According to Sars E. truncatula goes to the Lofoten Islands, and he did not find it at Finmark. As
Norman records it from East Finmark, his specimens ought to be carefully re-examined ; besides I doubt

The rngolf-Expedition III 6. 4

IV

i !>\ him as taken in 1443 fathoms at Lai 55°ll' N., L01 \\ ., or

nd belong to tlii— species Caiman records a single specimen oi /
ind I have noted i1 from 70 and us fath in Skaj i i Rak, bul othei
known from pths 01 from shallow «

has been taken b) the "Ingolf" .it three rathei deep stations
: fath . temp. ;.<i . _m spe< imens

28 Lat. 65 i) N . Long 55 \z W 120 fath., temp (.5 lens.

St.ii 25 I. N Long \-\ 2; \V 582 i.itli . temp ; ; numerous spec-

inn
specimen was secured many years ago by Admiral Wandel neai the "Ingolf" stations
named, viz. at I. N Long 56 ,4 W [49 fath . temp. .;._> .

21. Eudorella intermedia n. sp.
11 II. figs 2 a— 2 d.)

Immature Female. Bo<l\ with very few hairs, excepting as usual a number above the anten-
nulae <>n the carapace Front part of the carapace completely similar to that in E. truncatula as t<> antenna!
notch, teeth below tin- m pting in one very important feature, viz.. that the front margin from

the notch upwards scarcely to the upper margin of the base oi tin- antennulae has a number oi somewhat
small saw-teeth (fig. 2 a). Antennulae as to shape as in / truncatula. hut with more seta- thus the last joint
of the peduncle ha- <> or 7 thick seta on the upper margin and (1 seta- on tin- outei side. First pair of legs

• propodus rather short, slightly or scarcely longer than the carpus, and distinctly less than twice
ctylus. Second pair of legs (fig 2 1 I nearly a- in E. truncatula; merus slightly longer than the
ind nearly as long as the two distal joints combined, which are moderately hroad. — Uropods
■ what robust : the peduncle as long .1- the endopod, with about 5 small spines on the inner margin; first
joint of the endopod nearly more than three time- ,1- Ion- a- tin second, with about 7 -pines on the inner
margin, while second joint has j spines on the inner margin, besides the Ion- and thick -pine and a very
long seta on the end; exopod somewhat shorter than the endopod, with the setae on the inner margin and
the < ■ Jy developed, and about j -eta- on the upper suri

Length of the largest immature specimen 5. ; mm.

iark-. Tin- species i- a- to the front margin oi the carapace intermediate between E. trunca-
tula I /_ . hirsuta C 0. Sars the saw-teeth above the not el 1 occupy less than two-third- of the ant.

• far from easy to observe, when the antennulae are not removed. First pan oi
r materially from those in E. truncatula, while second pair and the uropods are nearly a- in that species;
those m /•.'. hirsuta bj the short propodus
Taken by the at a -ingle deep station in the warm area

■ N Long 5I YV . ii'io lath., temp. -'4 2'/i specimens,

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA IV. 27

22. Eudorella sequiremis n. sp.
(PI. II, figs. 3 a— 3 d.)

Female (adult and subadult). Body with a moderate number of fine liairs. Carapaee (fig. 3 a) an-
teriorly almost as in E. intermedia ; the antennal notch normal, and just below it, between it and the somewhat
short unarmed part one tooth or less frequently two teeth; the margin above the notch is serrated incon-
spicuously more than half of its length, with a few of the upper teeth somewhat large, but the majority rather
small and not always easily seen; the lower margin of the carapace is anteriorly curved a good deal upwards.

The antennulae normal (fig. 3 a). First pair of legs (fig. 3 b) with the propodus a little longer than,
or only about as long as, the carpus and less than twice as long as the terminal joint. Second pair of legs
(fig. 3 c) differ from those in E. intermedia in having the carpus conspicuously longer and much thinner than
the merus, and carpus is as long as, or slightly shorter than, the two distal joints combined; terminal joint
rather narrow. -- Uropods (fig. 3 d) as long as the two distal segments combined; peduncle about as long
as the rami, with 4 spines on the inner margin; exopod with 2 or 3 seta; on the upper side and none on the
outer margin; the endopod, which does not overreach the exopod, has its first joint two and a half times
as long as the second, with 5 spines on the inner margin; second joint has on the inner margin 3 spines, on
the end the thick, rather long spine and a very long seta.

Length of an adult female 4.5 mm.

Remarks. E. cequiremis is instantly distinguished from all other northern species excepting E.
arctica in having the endopod of the uropods not longer than the exopod ; from E. arctica and the other forms
excepting E. intermedia and E. hirsuta G. O. S. it is separated in having the major part of the front margin
of the carapace above the notch serrated, but the serration extends less upwards than in E. hirsuta.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at a single deep station in the warm area.

Davis Strait: Stat. 36: Lat. 6i°5o' N., Bong. 56°2i' W., 1435 fath., temp. 1.5"; 7 specimens, among
them 2 females with marsupium, 1 subadult female and 2 young males.

Eudorellopsis g. o. Sars.

Of this genus 2 species are observed in our area; both were previously known from West Greenland.
It may be possible that the North American species E. biplicata Caiman can in the future be discovered at
West Greenland or Iceland.

23. Eudorellopsis deformis Kroyer.

184b. Leucon deformis Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. Ny Rsekke, B. II, p. 194 and 209, Tab. II, Fig. 4.

1849. Kroyer, in Gaimard, Voy. en Scand., Crust. PI. Y a, fig. 3, a — li.

1871. Eudorella G. O. Sars, Kgl. Sv. Yet.-Akad. Handl. Ny Foljd, B. 9, No. 13, p. 42, Tan. XIX—

XX, Fig. 101— 11S.
11900. Eudorellopsis deformis G. O. Sars, Account, III. Pis. XXXI — XXXII.
1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief, p. 82.

4*

M \ I \

.11 by tl "If. I>ut gathered bj othei investigators al man) places

It li it West Greenland, viz. Godhavn, Lat. 69°i4' N., 8 to fath.,

H I Hansen \' Iceland it has been taken main times by the

B. S mundsen, Mag R Herring and the ship teren in a good

ill sides "i the island. Thus at the v. oasl it has been found al Reykjavik,

mil in Faxe Bugl ueai Etolla Fjoi on the northern side in Nord Fjord

fath., in Skjalfandi, to fath., Thistils Fjord, 5 fath., Thorshofn, 6 fath , and

M>: .th . on the easl »d< of Iceland in Mid Fjord, 8' - fath., Bakke Fjord, 8 — 10 fath.. Vopna

rd, numerous specimens in stomachs ol Gadus csglefinus, Hjerads Floi, ii js lath . several hundreds,

in Seydis Fjord, <> fath.; south of Iceland it was gathered "it Eyafjalla Jokul, 10. 17 and 23 fath At the

it has been taken in Bordo \'ik. 7 ■ 10 lath., and in Trangisvaag Fjord, u i'> lath. It is not

■n from Mast Greenland or Jan Mayen.

Distribution. This species is common .it Denmark in Lille Bell and Store Belt, not found in the
Sound, hut taken several times in various parts ot Kattegat; the depths van- from 4 to 15 fath. (Meinert,
H J. Hansen It is unknown from Skager Rak, and at Norway it has only been taken three times at the
-t between I. at. 581 2 and 591 ., X.. in "comparatively shallow watei G. O Sars). In the North
it has been found at Heligoland (Ehrenbaum) and at various places more northwards, thus 0fl Horns
Rev, Northumberland, Firth of Forth, Aberdeen, Fair Isle {various authors); furthermore is it known from
Clyde (Th. Scott) and at the north-eastern I Ireland, 3 —5 fath. (Caiman). Finally taken at some places

near the east coast ol North America from off Nova Scotia at l.at. 45 04 X. southwards to Long Island,
in depths from .s to 57 I irs, Smith, Caiman).

24 Eudorellopsis integra Smith

I Eudnnila integra S. I.Smith, Trans. Connect. Acad. Vol. V, p. nn.

Eudorellopsis integra H.J.Hansen, Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. Porcniivj, i Kjobenhavn for iv^-

p. 201, Tab VII, Fig. 3 — 3 c.
— Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief, p 83

urrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at four localities at West Greenland

I t. 61 V, Long. 56 58' W., \l& fath.. temp. 3. 90; 3 specimens.

Lat. 65 14' N.. Long. 55°42' W., 420 fath., temp. 3.5"; 1 specimen.

An \meralik Fjord), Lat. 04 12' X.; many specimi

Ameralik I stuary), ;' N., 5 70 fath., 1 male.

id been : I trom four places at the more northern part of West Oreen-

1. urajak Fj< \ . (Vanhoffen); Kekertak, Lat 39 58' N., 35 [0 fath.; Claus-

th l.at 68°9 N.,Long 56 |2 W., 50 fath (H.J.Hansen

ind in any other part of the "Ingolf" area.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 29

Distribution. S. I. Smith recorded this species from off Halifax, Nova Scotia, depths from 42
to no fath., and Gulf of St. Lawrence, 70 fath. Caiman (1912) enumerates several localities near the east
coast of North America from Battle Harbour, Labrador, southwards to the Gulf of Maine at Lat. 42 44' N.,
depths from 42 to no fath.; besides he records it from two localities in the Bering Sea, between about Lat.
57 and 571/2°N., Long. 164^25' — i6^°2y' \V., 29 and 36 fath.

Family Nannastacidae.

This family is richly represented in the "Ingolf" area, as no less than 4 of the 7 genera hitherto
established have been found.

Cumella G. o. Sars.

The forms belonging to this genus differ much from each other in general aspect, as in some species
the legs and uropods are rather short and stout, but long and very slender in other forms. Furthermore the
sexual differences as to armature of the carapace, shape of some of the joints in the thoracic legs and some-
times in the eyes are uncommonly pronounced. In the "Ingolf" area 2 new species have been discovered,
and I follow Caiman in referring Campylaspis carinata H. J. H. to Cumella, so that 3 species are mentioned
here.

25. Cumella tarda u. sp.
(PI. II, figs. 4 a— 4 g.)

Adult Male. In general aspect similar to the male of C. pygmcea G. O. S.\ but it is somewhat
larger and several appendages are longer and more slender. As in that species the dorsal line of the carapace
is nearly straight and completely without teeth, but the antero-lateral corner is broadly rounded, without
angle or teeth, and the most anterior part of the carapace is less deep than in C. pygmcea, as its lower margin
is more ascending. Pseudorostrum (figs. 4 a — 4 b) is distinctly upturned, short, but yet longer than in C.
pygmcea; its front margin is, seen from the side, somewhat oblique, with about four teeth on its lower half.
The eye is not quite as large as in C. pygmcea and differs materially in having 4 pairs of ocelli, while C. pyg-
mcea has 3 pairs and besides in the median a single very large ocellus not found in C. tarda ; the dark pigment
between the ocelli is more or less developed. The free thoracic segments and the abdomen nearly as in
C. pygmcea.

The antennulse (fig. 4 c) have the peduncle slender, considerably longer and much more slender than
in C. pygnuea ; its third joint is a little shorter than the second and distinctly longer than the upper flagellum.
(The flagellum of the antennae lost). Second maxillipeds (fig. 4 d) mainly as in C . pygmcea, though more slender.
Third maxillipeds (fig. 4 e) with third to sixth joint much thinner than in C. pygmcea; as in that species the
merus has a tooth on the outer side. First pair of legs (fig. 4 f) differ much from those in C. pygmcea as fig-

1 I refer to Sars' representation of this species in [879, as he there gives a much higher number of figures of the
male than in his "Account", 1900.

\ I\

the outei side; fourth joint, the merus, is proportionately slendei
ire than twice as long as the ischium; carpus and propodus together aboul as
while in the; are considerabl) shortei than thai joinl Second pail ol legs

bined loi in • than -ecu. I joint; carpus distinct!)

lus, and both very slender and rather elongated i ropods E ited and slendei

- sixth, littli .Hid half oi fourth abdominal segmenl combined, with aboul 1 1 -] •mt--
exopod half as long as the peduncle and somewhat, l>ut nol mm h, shortei than the en-
i.ill apical spine and u spines on the innei margin, the mosl distal ol these spines much
ad thicker than the oth<

mm.
Remarks As seen in the description, the male ' tarda differs in a good numbei oi features from
the other northern species, C. pygtnaa, <>! which I have seen males taken at Shetland by A M. Norman.
M\ specimens of C. tarda are all mutilated, so thai a couple of less important particulars could not be described
The female can probably be recognized by the numbei oi ocelli and in having antennulae, third maxillipeds,
tir-t and second pairs oi thoracic legs more slender than in C. pygmma finally bj the relative length ol the
joints- in these appendages.

urrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf", bu1 1>\ the 1 1 m I Amdrup-Expedition aboul a1 the follow-
ing i'li>

South-Wi oJ the Paeroes Lai 60 .■ \ N . Long 11 21' W., pelagic haul, Sept. 23. 190&, 8 p. m.;

10 specimens

26 Cumella egregia n. sp
I'l [I, figs. 5 a— 3d.)

Adult Male Carapace lathei deep, about hall as long again as deep; the dorsal edge considerably

ex with about 1.; spiniform processes not very regularly distributed and the majority somculi.it long,

the first longer than the others. Pseudorostrum (figs. 5a- 5 b) moderately short and considerably upturned;

in the single adult specimen the lefl siphon is a moderately short cone with the end acute, while the right

siphon protrudes as a long, mem lira nous tube a g I deal more than half as long as the carapace; the oculai

has in 1 visual elements and is in the adult specimen as long as pseudorosl rum, but it is easily pert eived

that its terminal part is lost in a small specimen the ocular lobe is much longer than pseudorostrum, pro-

a process with the end ai ute and in mj figures ol the adult this shape is rendered The anterioi

1- somewhat concave, the antero-lateral corner rounded with an oblong, strong tooth.

tooth to the postero-lateral angle oi the carapace runs a row oi numerous outstanding teeth.

I less downwards than the lowei margin, it touches this margin towards both ends,

omewhat removed from it. The free thoraci< segments are togethei only hall as long

tru ' ''Mini to tilth segmenl each anteriorlj with a transverse row oi

d down 1 bin on third and fourth segments the teeth neai the dorsal line an

boul four teeth on the dorsal edge Abdomen slightly longer than the

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 31

carapace, rather slender, and all segments excepting the sixth adorned with a median dorsal row of long,
curved teeth (figs. 5 a and 5 c), a median ventral row of short teeth, and on each side far below the middle
a longitudinal row of curved teeth shorter than those on the dorsal edge; sixth segment with a few teeth.

The antennuke (fig. 5 a) slender; first joint of the peduncle much longer than second, which is some-
what longer than the third; outer flagellum about as long as second peduncular joint, while the inner flagel-
lum is minute. The antennae without seta? on the distal joints of the peduncle ; the distal part of flagellum
lost. Third maxillipeds with a strong tooth on the merus. The thoracic legs slender and somewhat long (fig.
5 a) ; in first pair the propodus is slightly shorter than the caq^us and twice as long as the dactylus ; in second
pair the carpus is as long as the dactylus; in fourth pair the second joint has several fine teeth on its outer
margin. -- The uropods are very long and slender; the peduncle, which is as long as the two posterior seg-
ments together and about twice as long as the endopod, is adorned with three rows of teeth (fig. 5 d), viz.
two with short teeth on the outer side and a row with longer teeth on the upper side rather near the inner
margin; the endopod has on the inner margin 3 short, setiform spines on the proximal half and on the distal
half 3 real spines, and between the two distal spines some three saw-teeth, while the end has a long, thick
spine; the exopod is a little shorter than the endopod, with a single spine on the inner margin and an apical
spine.

Length 4 mm.

Remarks. This species is easily recognized by the beautiful rows of teeth on the abdominal seg-
ments and the uropods. Besides the type I have the cephalothorax of a much smaller male which I refer
to this species, though it differs in having seemingly only 3 or perhaps 4 dorsal processes on the carapace,
while the teeth on the free thoracic segments are with few exceptions either lost or scarcely discernible;
antennula?, maxillipeds and thoracic legs similar to those in the type.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at a deep station in the warm area.

Davis Strait: Stat. 36: Lat. 6l°5o' N., L-ong. 56°2i' W., 1435 fath., temp. 1.5°; i"2 specimens.

27. Cumella carinata H. J. H

11887. Campylaspis carinata H.J.Hansen, Vidensk. Medd. Naturh. Forening i Kjobenhavn for 1S87,

p. 207, Tab. VII, Fig. 4 — 4 a.
1905. Cumellopsis Caiman, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest. 1904, I. (1905), p. 28.

1912. Cumella(?) - — Caiman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol.41, p. 426.

When I established the present species I had only a single specimen not belonging to our Museum,
and therefore could not well dissect the mouth-parts, etc., of its left half. In 1905 Caiman published notes
on the mouth-parts and thoracic legs as results of an examination of a single specimen, and he was liable
to refer it with some doubt to his new genus Cumellopsis. But in 1912 he returns to the subject, as he has
obtained more material, and he is now of the opinion that the curious animal is more related to Cumella,
in reality does not differ from that genus in any character justifying the establishment of a new genus. And
according to his observations we may also safely omit the query still used by him.

K \ IV

bul bj the 1 1 ml Amdrup-Expedition, Aug 21, I
H :i\ ink-! iuvenile specimen with the last paii ol legs

cot yel ■ isible
Greenland a1 Iti-kn in Nordfjord, I. at 69 57 N , js fath clay; it
■ ie Riksmuseum, Stockholm.

tributii C . cords three locaUties for this species, viz. the coasl ol Labrador; Lat.

I lath., and I. at. 45 29' N . Long. Si 2\ YV . 67 lath. In 1909 Sars recorded
■i by the Ilnd "Fram"-Expedition at Ellesmere Land (ab I. at pi\;u N Long. to6 \\
- Valley, 2 — 20 fath.".

Cumellopsis Caiman.
Only a • e< ies, tin.- type for the- genus, has been found within our area.

28 Cumellopsis Helgae Calm
PI II. figs. 0 a— 6d.)

CumeUof H %ae Caiman. Fisheries. Ireland. Sei. Invest. I. (1905), p. 28. PI. II. tigs. 20 — ',4.
.•16. Caiman. Mitth. Zool. Stat Neapel, 17. !>.. p. 418 — 419

helgae Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lie!'. p. 178.

A line material of adult females is to hand. The carapace has on the whole more depressions and

an mentioned or figured by Caiman, bul as this adornment shows a little individual variation and

the integument is rather thin and flexible, easily damaged, the value ol smaller depressions and shorter keek

is probably of rather little systematic importance. Some points may yet be mentioned. The long lateral de-

enerally rather deep but somewhat before the posterior end ol the carapace it either nearly

: is interrupted by a short, transverse ridge, which cuts n\i its long anterior deep part from the much

shorter posterior, more shallow portion. The ridge limiting that long depression below is sometimes rounded,

nuns sharp Seen from above, the "slight median keel posteriorly is distinct, but an area midway

between the pseudorostrum and the first free segment has three longitudinal rounded ridges posteriorly

nd the lateral pair, which are more distinct than the feeble median ridge, radiate forwards

and somewhat outwards; the depressions between these rounded ridges are more or less pronounced, and

between each of the outer ridges, which ceases somewhat behind the base- of pseudorostrum,

tudinal ridge limiting above the long above-mentioned lateral depression is somew hat excavated,

forming an ol ion. In the immature males the dorsal ridges and depressions arc less

1 than in adult females though still discernible. Adult males are unknown, in the 6 males to hand

of third and fourth pairs of legs are extremely short, consequently seemingly
made ou1 without dissection, which was not undertaken
it left third maxilliped, first leg and sei ond leg of an adult female. By comparison
s of an immature male it is seen that they are more slender

CRUSTACEA MAUACOSTRACA. IV.

as might be expected ; besides the carpus of third maxillipeds has distully on the outer side 3 teeth, and the
end of second joint of first leg 2 teeth not found on Caiman's figures.

Length of ovigerous females 5.5 — 5.7 mm.

Occurrence. Taken by the Tngolf" at a single station.

South-West of Iceland: Stat. 81: Lat. 6i°44' N., Long. 2/°oo' W., 485 fath., temp. 6.1°; 1 immature

male.
Besides the "Thor" captured this form at 3 places.

South of Iceland: Lat. 63°I5' N., Long. 22°23' W., 114 — 172 fath.; 1 immature male.

South-West of the Fseroes: Lat. 6i°i5' N., Long. 9°35' W., 463 — 515 fath. ; 17 specimens, most of

them adult females.

Lat. 6i°7'N., Long. 9°3o' W., 443 fath.; 5 adult females.

Distribution. Hitherto known only from a single locality west of Ireland, viz. yy miles W.N. W.

of Achill Head. co. Mayo, 382 fathoms.

PrOCampylaspiS Bonnier.

This interesting genus is easily separated from all other genera by the curious shape and armature
of the terminal joint of second pair of maxillipeds. It may be remarked that first pair of legs are long, consider-
ably longer than second pair, while in Campylaspis first pair are at most slightly longer and generally shorter
than second pair. Only 4 species are recorded by Stebbing (1913), 2 among them from the southern hemi-
sphere. In the "Ingolf" area 2 new species have been discovered, and it may be possible that a third species,
P. artnata Bonnier, also can be found1.

29. Procampylaspis bituberculata 11 sp.

(PI. II, figs. 7 a— 7 m.)

Subadult Female. Carapace, seen from above (fig. 7 b), almost half as long again as broad,
somewhat oblong-ovate and rather narrowed forwards; considerably behind the middle a pair of propor-
tionately large, broad and somewhat low, conical protuberances, each with a small spine on the top. Seen
from the left side (fig. 7 a), the dorsal line shows the shape of left protuberance; pseudorostrum is turned
sharply and considerably upwards, and its anterior margin is straight, yet directed from above a little back-
wards, without any notch, and the corner between this line and the lower margin is a very obtuse angle.
The ocular lobe is narrow with the sides parallel, not half as long as pseudorostrum and without eyes. The
free thoracic segments in the main as in P.armata; first segment dorsally at the middle produced as a small,
bifid lamina with its two teeth curved distinctly forwards, second segment with similar, but nearly vertical
teeth ; fourth and fifth segments each with a pair of teeth somewhat from the median line. First abdominal
segment with a pair of dorsal granules; otherwise granulation on the abdominal segments is indistinct or
wanting.

1 Of P. armata Bonn., first gathered in the Bay of Biscay, later in the Mediterranean and west of Ireland. 2 females
and 1 male have been taken by the "Thor" in 1905 at I.at. 0U14 X., Long. i°i9 E., 85 fath. thus north-east of Shetland.
The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 6. =

CI \ \l \I. U ' >S1 B u \ IN'

. somewhal similai to thai in /' armata, bul the interesting
\- in thai species this joinl has two proximal teeth and three i
ul tin- two teeth are considerably broader, oblong-triangulai and the pi
in /' at mala, « hile the distal tooth has a secondary small tooth on its distal margin .

i than the proximal tooth and marked ofi by a suture; tl •
rved, and a seta originates a1 its base; the terminal proci - is rather curved and
newhal longer than the tir-t. Third paii of maxillipeds (fig ye) in the main as in /' armata, diffei
daily m having ao teeth on the innei 01 outer margin of second to fifth joint excepting a tooth on the outer
^in of the carpus the merus has on the outer margin somewhal from the end a kind of tubulai pro
which might be taken as the basal pari of a broken seta, luit the asped oi its wall is different, and on the
same -pot I have found a similai tube in the male of the next species. Pirsl pan of legs (Fig 7 I near!
in / upus is almosl as long as the merus. Second pair of legs (figs 7 g and 7 h) with merus

us and propodus somewhat robust; carpus not half as long again as merus, and at the end of its innei
rgin with a conical process (fig. 7 h) directed vertically inwards; dactylus not quite twice as long as the
us I ropods fig 7 1 oi moderate length; the peduncle about as long as the two posterior abdominal
segment- combined, somewhal less than twice as long as the endopod, which has 3 spines on its inner margin
the terminal spines on both rami losl

Length oi the specimen with the marsupium half developed 5.5 mm.

Adult Male. Carapace from above (fig. 7 1) very oblong-ovate, about three-fourths as long again
onsiderably behind the middle a pair of small spine- somewhat removed from one another, but
the protuberances bearing in the female these spines have almost disappeared in the male. Seen from the side
rapace 1- a good deal lower than in the female pseudorostrum is turned considerably upwards,
but it- front margin is angular at the middle, as its upper half is subvertical, its lower half directed not only
downwards bu1 besides a little forwards The ocular lobe is linear, much longer than in the female, though
rter than in the male P. armata. < >n the right side of the carapace the specimen to hand has three out-
■ ding teeth 011 the posterior part of the lower margin. First and second free segment each with the dorsal
median bifid lamella as in the female; the three posterior segments each with some dorsal small teeth and
granules, and besides the lateral margins of all segments are irregularly adorned with a few teeth or sometimes
only a single tooth. The granulation on the dorsal side of the abdominal segments very fine. -- The uropods
Qger than in the female: the peduncle which is only a little longer than the two posterior ab-
dominal segmenl I er and considerably less than twice as long as the endopod, has on the inner edge
a good number of thin se1 :t and rather close together on the proximal half, and then gradually more
gstrongly in length ; the endopod has 8 spines on the innei margin and a long apical spine.
Length 5.7 mm.

marks. This species is allied and rathei similai to P. armata, but is instantly distinguished

imewhat from one anothei on the upper side ol the carapace rather behind its

and in the femali these spines is placed on the top ol a large broad, conical protuberance.

s rud in the I bird maxillipeds have no teeth on the inner margin oi second to fifth

CRUSTACEA MAI,ACOSTRACA. IV. 35

joint, while several teeth are found in P. armata; the conical process on the inner margin of the carpus of
second legs is found in both sexes, but does not exist in P. armala or P. macronyx.

Occurrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf" but by the "Trior" in May 1904 at a single place.

South-West of the Faeroes: Lat. 6iQi5'N., Long. 9°35'W., 463 — 515 fath. ; 1 male and 1 female.

30. Procampylaspis macronyx n. sp.

(PI. II, figs. 8 a— 8 g.)

Adult Male. Carapace from above nearly as on P. bituberculata, excepting that no vestige of any
dorsal spine or protuberances is found. Seen from the side, the carapace is not so low as in the preceding
species, as the dorsal line is somewhat convex. Pseudorostrum is, seen from the side (fig. 8 a), peculiarly
shaped, as its upper margin is considerably convex, the anterior margin concave and somewhat oblique,
because the upper part of pseudorostrum is produced considerably forwards. Seen from above no ocular
lobe could be observed between the lamellae of pseudorostrum, and this lobe seems to be wanting. The two
anterior free segments each with two submedian teeth, but these are smaller and scarcely originating from
a lamella as in P. bituberculata ; the segments otherwise nearly as in that species, but the number of teeth
and granules is somewhat higher. The abdominal segments with some or a few teeth on the sides and very
finely granulated above; first segment or besides the second with very few dorsal teeth.

Second pair of maxillipeds (figs. 8 b and 8 c) with the terminal joint most peculiarly developed.
This joint has the same number of teeth and processes as in P. armata and P. bituberculata, but they differ
exceedingly as to shape and size ; the proximal tooth is triangular, of moderate size and much smaller than
in the forms named ; second tooth is rudimentary ; the proximal process is more slender than in the two other
species (in the mutilated "Ingolf" specimen this process is longer than in the type); second process is thin
and close to the terminal process, which is somewhat curved and exceedingly elongated, nearly three times
as long as the distance from its base to the origin of the joint. Third pair of maxillipeds (fig. 8 d) nearly as
in P. bituberculata ; there is no tooth on the outer side of the carpus, but the tubular process (t) on the merus
is present. First pair of legs (fig. 8 e) in the main as in the preceding form, but the carpus is distinctly shorter
than the merus. Second pair of legs (fig. 8 f) with the merus thick and not half as long as the somewhat slender
carpus, which is only a little shorter than the dactylus and without any process at the end of the inner margin.
— Uropods (fig. 8 g) considerably longer than in the male P. bituberculata ; the peduncle is very long, almost
as long as the three posterior abdominal segments together and more than two and a half times as long as the
endopod, on the inner margin with about 15 pubescent setae increasing much in length towards the end;
the endopod which is a good deal longer than the exopod, has 5 or 6 spines on the inner margin and a very
long apical spine.

Length of the type 6 mm., of the "Ingolf" specimen 7.5 mm.

Remarks. The male P. macronyx is easily separated from all other species hitherto known by the
extremely elongated terminal process on the dactylus of second maxillipeds, and as the armature of the
dactylus in other forms does not show sexual difference, the elongated process is in all probability also found

5*

rRACA. i\

d bj this feature ThemaleofP macronyx differs besides from the same
-. uppei margin ol pseudorostrum, no dorsal spines on the
cles of the uropods.
• he "Ingoli at a single stati(
Iceland Stat. io Lai 64 24' N.. Long 28 50 \\\. 788 fath . tem] 1 mutilated male

I by the "Thor" in [904 at the following locality
ith-WesI "i the Faeroes Lai 6i 15 X.. Long. 9 35' W . 463 -515 fath.; 1 male itype).

Campylaspis G. o. Sars.

• his large genus about 24 species have been described in the literature, and representatives are
known from nearly every sea. In the "Ingolf" ana ro species have been captured, but 5 among them are new.
which indirectly indicate- that even the European fauna of this genus is still somewhat imperfectly known1.
Among the cephalothoric appendages especially second and third pairs of maxillipcds and first and
ad pair- ni legs H. generally recognized as affording specific characters. According to my experience
third maxillipeds differ more from species to species than any of the three other pairs, and ought therefore
always to be carefully figured, especially merus. carpus and propodus show excellent characters. It may be
mentioned here that the merus shows a gradual development from a normal shape, f. inst. in C . intermedia
PI. III. figs. 6e — 6 f) to thai found in C. verrucosa (fig. s a), from this again to the allied deep-sea form C.
gloh, ■ 1 .m the Davis Strait, where the shape of the merus is rather curious, while in the close-

ly allied antarctic species I frigida H. J H (in Res. Voy. Belgica, iqoN) the merus has been developed in
the ■ traordinary way in the same direction, so that its shape in C. globosa is intermediate between those

sa and in C. frigida; all these 3 (or 4) species arc allied and somewhat similar in aspect, and we
have here an interesting connection between a boreal form, a deep-sea form from a sea with its coasts sub-
ic or arctic and a real antarctic species — but no bipolarity of a species

Finally it may be mentioned that the colour of the species in some forms does not agree well with
Sars' statements; variation or difference is mentioned later on at C. rubicunda, C. undata and C. horrida.

[i. Campylaspis rubicunda Liljeb.

l'l III. fig. 1 a.)

uma tbicunda Lilljeborg, Ofv K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh. Bd C2, p 121.

1-. Kg] Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Ny Foljd, Bd. n. no 6, p r.o, Tav.

IV. Fig. 14 — 16.

OStata 1. O. S. have not been found in the [ngoli .irr.i but ,i> both have
been - . 1 ,' N l.on- r i , I -, t.iili .end the last-named i'orm besides

• of the Hebrides at o' N I."' '' • I all . it may be possible thai thej can be found west or ^mitli

•

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 37

1887. Campylaspis rubicimda H. J. Hansen, Vid. .Meddel. Naturh. Foren. i Kjobenhavn for 1887, p. 207

(and 2og).
11900. G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 84, Pis. LVI— LYII.

1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. 190.

In 1887 (1. c.) I stated that the eye or the ocelli in this species had not been mentioned in the litera-
ture, and that I found two ocelli. In his Account Sars says: "Eye distinct, semicircular and somewhat prom-
inent", which is misleading. It is not the eye but the ocular lobe which is "semicircular and somewhat prom-
inent" ; on each side of this lobe I have constantly found an ocellus, but it was impossible to find any dorsal
ocellus between the lateral pair, while on the end of the lobe one finds with difficulty two oblong, semi-
vertical ocelli lying close together in the median line. Therefore Sars' figures O and O x on PI. LXI present a
curious difficulty, as his fig.O, the lobe seen from the left side, has two ocelli respectively on the side and at
the end, consequently only two pairs, but his fig. O x, exhibiting the lobe from above, has an apical pair,
a lateral pair and a single, large, dorsal ocellus at the base. In my specimens from various localities such a
median dorsal ocellus does not exist.

Sars points out that the dactylus of second pair of maxillipeds has "four strong spines increasing
in length from before backwards". This is a very fine character which I can verify, as I found the four spines
increasing backwards in length both in a specimen from Norway and in one of the anomalously coloured
females from Lat. 63^6 ' N. (fig. 1 a). So high a number of spines has not been found by Sars in any other
species from Norway, nor by me in any species from the "Ingolf" area excepting C. serratipes n. sp., but in
this species the second spine is much shorter than the third or the proximal spine.

The "Ingolf" specimen and the male from Lat. 63°i5' N. have the red colour of the body well pre-
served and no dark dots. But the 6 speximens of both sexes from Lat. 63°46' N. are at least now only light
reddish, and they have a large number of dark-brown, mostly very oblong dots spread partly irregularly
on the body ; these dots are sometimes so numerous on certain parts of the carapace that they are nearly
confluent. It may be added that I found the joints in third maxillipeds and in first and second legs of one of
these dotted females agreeing well as to shape and marginal teeth with Sars' figures.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at a single station.

North of Iceland: Stat. 12S: Lat. 66°5o'N., Long. 20°02' \V., 194 fath., temp. 0.6°; 1 specimen.

C. rubicunda has been recorded from three places at northern West-Greenland, viz. Olrik Bay, Lat.
ca. yy° N., 15 — 20 fath. (Ortmann) ; Kekertak, Lat. 6g°58' N., 60 — 70 fath. (H. J. Hansen), and oft" Holstens-
borg, Lat. 66 59' N., Long. 55 27' W., 57 fath. (Norman). The "Thor" has secured it at the following two
localities.

South-West of Iceland: Lat. 63°46' N., Long. 22°56' W., 80 fath.; 3 males, 3 females.

South of Iceland: Lat. 63°I5' N., Long. 22°2j' W., 114 — 172 fath.; 1 male.

Distribution. Recorded from the northern part of the Sound and the entrance to Odense Fjord
(Meinert), a few places in Kattegat, 13 to 30 fath., and three places in Skager Rak, 85, 100 and 350 fath.
(H. J. Hansen). At Norway it has been taken at several places from Christiania Fjord to Vadso, generally
in 30 to 100 fath. (Sars, etc.). Sars records a single very large specimen gathered by the Swedish Spitzbergen-

IV

i numb, imens was t.ikcn south ol Novaya Zemlya

)> t .it li (Stappers) The ithered h at a station north-

nli it has been recorded It.hu the North Sea west "i
il | ii. from two 3 on the east coast of North England, 19 and 25 fath (Nor-

itland in Firth of Forth, Firth "t CI3 de, Mora] Firth and Lot h Fyn< Th S( "it
known from places .it tin- Atlantic coasl • .! the I'n States, \ 1/ Ln the Gull "l Maine, 15 I I
in the stomach oi Pseudopleuronectes americanus, and of! Cape Ann, Mass
fath S 1 Smith' furthei south from Marthas Vineyard ;6 Path (Caiman).

)2. Campylaspis alba n sp.

PI III. figs. 2a— 2 1).

Adult Female. Carapace strongly vaulted, proportionately short and deep; seen from above
and with pseudorostrum included scarcely half as long again as broad; seen from the side (fig
only somewhat less than halt as long again as dec]. Pseudorostrum forms an obtuse angle with the dorsal
line and is not even quite horizontal seen fromabove (fig. 2 a) it is acutely triangular, seen from the sid<

the lowei margin is strongly ascending, and only a vestige ot an antenna! notch is discoverable. The ocular
lobe (fig 2 b 1- a small triangle occupying scarcely the basal fourth Let ween the pseudorostral lamella-,
and it has no visual elements. The whole surface of the carapace is smooth, shining and look-- as polished.
The dorsal part of the three anterior tree segments nearly or totally overlapped by the carapace : the two ante-
ments with -omewhat protruding dorsal lamellae. Abdomen slender and very conspicuously shorter
than the carapace.

Second pair of maxillipeds (fig. J d) robust . carpus (fig. 2 e) with .1 triangular tooth on the inner part

■ rminal margin; dactyl us with three long and strong spines subequal in length, and just before them

ry robust seta considerably longer than the spines; the propodus has a somewhat small, oblong tooth

at the distal innei angle, and the spine from the end is much longer than the spines on the dactylus and

distinctly Lent somewhat from the end. Third maxillipeds (fig. 2 I: broad, and in this respect nearly as in

ibicunda or < . glal 1 G O. S. ; ischium produced on the inner side with a strong tooth on the end ; merus

id, nearly as broad as second joint, about two-thirds as long again as broad, with the lateral margins

subparallel and the inner margin without teeth, but a large, oblong tooth is found on the distal end at the outei

mat. ■ arcely two-fifths as long as merus and a little longer than broad, with 5 strong teeth on the

inner margin and a single tooth on the outei propodus with 3 teeth on the inner margin. First pail ol legs

with the distal halt rather -lender; ischium with a tooth on the end. merus with a small tooth at the

•he outer margin, and otherwise all joints are unarmed. Second pair of legs (fig. _> In with the carpus

lightl) longer than tl I lus, whi< li 1- thin and regularly tapering to the end. —

'It v surprising that this species can live in th.it great depth The specimen, a large but immature male,

entation uncommonly n.lm-t e pccialh th< uropods (his fig it ari extremeh thick I think the
•hat tin- young mali had been captured while swimming ..r adhering to somi floating
, unfor • that it .- impossible t" judge .>t its distanci from lesser depths

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 39

Uropods (fig. 2 i) slender and very long ; the peduncle is fully as long as the three posterior abdominal segments
combined, almost two and a half times as long as the endopod, with about 4 thin spines on the distal part
of the inner margin; the endopod with 10 spines on the inner margin, a very long terminal spine, and all
spines pectinate on both margins; the exopod is very little shorter than the endopod.

Length of females with marsupium 4.3 — 4.7 mm.

Male. The carapace differs in the usual way from that of the female; its anterior part seen from
above is shown in fig. 2 k; the antennal notch is distinct, but its margin only very moderately concave;
the shining, polished surface is characteristic. Uropods (fig. 2 1) still longer than in the female; the peduncle
varies from being a little more to a little less as long as half of the third abdominal segment and the three
posterior segments combined, not fully two and a half times as long as the endopod, with about 12 setiform
spines along the inner margin; the endopod nearly as in the female, with about 12 thin spines on the inner
margin, not counting the very long terminal spine; the exopod somewhat shorter than the endopod.

Length 5.1 mm.

Remarks. Many years ago I had determined this species as C. nitens Bonnier, established on an
immature male scarcely 5 mm. long, but a closer examination revealed such differences in three of the append-
ages that my form must be considered a different species. Bonnier says that the inner margin of third to
sixth joint of third maxillipeds is "regulierementdenticule", and this statement agrees with his fig. 4 m (PI. 28),
but in my animals the large fourth joint has no vestige of such serration, third joint only the terminal tooth,
and furthermore instead of the big tooth on the distal outer angle of the merus his figure seems to exhibit
three small teeth on the outer margin. Though in other species of Campylaspis I have found some individual
variation as to serration on the limbs, the differences in this respect between Bonnier's description and my
animals are far too great to be considered as due to variation. His figure of second pair of legs has the carpus
considerably shorter and thicker than in ray animals, and he describes and figures the dactylus as "elargi",
while in my specimens it is slender. Finally his description and figure of the uropods differ very much from
my animals; according to Bonnier the inner margin of the peduncle is finely serrated, but such serration is
not found either in the male or the female; furthermore he figures 5 or 6 spines on the inner margin of the
endopod. while my specimens have a much higher number. Besides some further differences between C. ni-
tens Bonn, and C. alba can be found by a comparison of the figures. While C. nitens Bonn, must be another
species than mv animals, I am convinced that the immature females taken west of Ireland and referred
by Caiman with a query to Bonnier's form in reality belong to C. alba, as his notes, pointing out differences
between his specimens and C. nitens, show agreement with my form. — C. pulehclla G. O. Sars is also similar
in general aspect to C. alba, but differs sharply in the spinulation of the uropods, while second and third
pairs of maxillipeds in C. pulchella are unknown.

Occurrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf" but by the "Thor" at two localities.

South-West of the Faeroes: Lat. 6i°i5' N., Long. o.°35' W., 463— 515 fath. ; 10 females, 1 male.
— Lat. 6i°07' N., Long. 9°3o' W., 443 fath. ; 24 specimens, 2 and o-

Distribution. According to the "Remarks" gathered west of Ireland, 312 fath. (Caiman).

MAI ICOS1 R M A IV

Campylaspia laticarpa n

PI 111. figs ;a -3I.)

lewhal -miliar to C rubicunda, but considerabh lai

ind pseudorostrum included is a little more than hall a- long again

ite, but a good dial ot tlu- posterioi margin i- very feebly convex, and tin- anterior

third <>t the lateral margin to the middle "t the frontal lobe 1- .1 little more convex than in C. rubicunda,

while ti. ingle of 1 istrum 1- less acute. The ocular lobe (fig. 3 b) occupies more than hall oi the

udorostrum; it 1- oblong, broadei beyond the middle than at the base, anteriorly rather broadly

rounded and a pair of lateral ocelli are sometimes hut not always perceptibl Seen from the side

the carapace with pseudorostrum is twice as long as deep; pseudorostrum i- moderately <hort,

nearly I d; the antenna! notch is small but very distinct, triangular, and the angle below it a little

\liout on the anterior half of the dorsal surface and somewhat downwards on the sides the eara-

- a number ot irregularly distributed, very small and low, rounded protuberances, which sometimes

rathei distinct, sometimes verj teebly developed; besides the middle part of the dorsal median line is

'■in not always, distinctly impressed. The carapaci co ers nearly totally the three anterior tree

ents, and the dorsal part of each of the two anterioi segments protrudes a little, but has no distinct

lamella The abdomen is moderately robust and as long as the carapace.

■nd pair of maxillipeds (fig, ; d moderately strong: carpus with a broad, acute protuberance
on the inner side before the end; propodus (rig. ;e) with the inner distal angle produced as a triangular, acute
protuberance, and the distal half of the inner margin nearly straight with numerous short spines, while
the spine on the outer terminal angle 1- not very long but extremely robust, with the usual bend beyond the
middle and its distal part with some spines on the inner margin ; dactylus with 3 spines, the first a little shorter
than the third ami considerably overreaching the second. Third pair of maxillipeds (tig. 3 f) are very charac-
•ic. merus is large, long and broad, a little less than twice as long as broad, distallv with the outer part
much produced but its end obtuse, carpus is very large, two-thirds as long a-, and not much narrower than,
the merus. propodus proportionately small, oblong; all joints without marginal teeth. First pan m

rmal; ischium with a tooth on the inner angle: merus thicker but not longer than the carpus, and

both joints without marginal teeth. Second pair of legs (fig. 3 h) of very moderate length, as carpus and dac-

tylus are somewhat short, and equally long Uropods fig. 3 i) only moderately long, peduncle a little

ger than the two posterior abdominal segments together and considerably more than twice as long as the

endopod, with the inner margin fineh serrated endopod with 3 spines on the inner margin and 3 terminal

the median ■ the outei very short; exopod somewhat shorter than the endopod.

Length 7 mm.

Ma! k differs in the normal waj from thai oi the female, and has similar rudi-

• nnal notch is moderatel) and evenly concave, deeper and especialh
• be lemale. but an angle below it 1- not developed. The median dorsal lamella on first and second
I'ropods (fig. J 1: more -lender and distally longer than in the female

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 4!

peduncle about as long as the two posterior abdominal segments and half of fourth segment combined, slight-
ly more than twice as long as the endopod, with most of the outer margin extremely finely serrated, while
the inner margin has about 12 robust setae increasing in length from the first to the last; endopod with 10
spines on the inner and 2 on the terminal margin; exopod a good deal shorter than the endopod.

Length 7.5 mm.

Remarks. C. laticarpa is separated especially by having the carpus of third maxillipeds longer and
very much broader than in any other northern species of Campylaspis; the size and shape of merus and carpus
can easily be seen without dissection, and the absence of marginal teeth in this pair of appendages is, besides,
a good specific character. On the colour little can be said ; the animals are now whitish, often with numerous
extremely small, dark-brown dots ; in some specimens larger and partlv confluent brownish red dots are found
on the peduncles of the uropods.

Occurrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf" but by the "Thor" in May 1904 at two places.

South-West of the Fasroes: Lat. 6i°i5' N., Long. g°^' W., 463 — 515 fath. ; 38 specimens, § and 3.

Lat. 6i°07' N., Long. 9°3o' W., 443 fath.; 2 specimens.

34. Campylaspis undata G. O. Sars.
(PL III, fig. 4 a).

1865. Campylaspis undata G. O. Sars, Forh. Vidensk. Selsk. Christiania for 1864, p. 205.
1.1900. G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 88, PI. LXI.

1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. 195.

A comparison between my female specimens and Sars' representation gave the following results.
The carapace agrees with his figure excepting that the pseudorostrum seen from the side looks a little more
produced and has its front margin distinctly as a whole more oblique ; between the upper longitudinal ridge
and the lower one there is anteriorly nearly below the large sublateral protuberance a more or less conspicuous,
very rounded, subvertical ridge not figured by Sars in the female C. undata, but in the male, and besides in
C. liorrida and C. verrucosa; furthermore there is sometimes a feeble and short piece of longitudinal keel
rather far behind between the two very long lateral keels. In second pair of maxillipeds the distal inner
corner of the carpus is somewhat produced in a triangular tooth; the propodus has near the end of the inner
margin a very conspicuous, oblong tooth, thus the two teeth mentioned are considerably more developed
than in Sars' fig. nip2, but there is complete agreement between his figure and the maxilliped examined by
me in the spines on the dactylus and the terminal spine on the propodus. Third pair of maxillipeds (fig. 4 a)
differ in some particulars from Sars' fig. mp3; the ischium has 2 teeth (not a single tooth) on the inner end;
merus differs considerably in shape, as in my specimens the inner margin is distinctly concave, the outer
margin feeblv angular near the middle and sooner convex than concave, while in Sars' figure both margins
are curved in the way opposite, but I think that this figure is incorrect; as to marginal serration the differ-
ences between Sars' figure and the features observed by me are of no importance (in maxillipeds of three
specimens I found also a little variation as to marginal teeth). First pair of legs differ only from Sars in having

The Ingulf-Expedilion. III. 6. 6

IV

! paix nt legs in having a few teeth on the proximal pari

i hi the innei margin ol the endopod oi th< uropods Sars inly |

cimen, but otherwise 4 or 5 spines As to the colour it oughl

t Imtli body and appendages are adorned with numerous or innumerable dark-brown or

sometimes confluent, and on the carapace these dots ai ially

iberances, which therefore areverj conspi< uous in opposition to the more or less
ts .iu- proportionate!} moderatelj few in Dumber.
In spite ni tin- differences pointed ou1 1 believe that my specimens belong to ( undata G 0 S

Nol taken by the 'Ingolf" bu1 !>y the "Thor" al hm> places, together with the two
od some of the following species ol this genus.
Snuth-W eroes I. at .6: is N . Long. 9°35' W., 463 — 515 fath. ; 7 specimens

I. at. 6i°0/' N .. Long •! [0 W . 44; fath ; 1 specimen
Distribution. Hitherto only recorded with certainty from ofi the Lofoten Islands, 100 — 200
fath G. O Sars The "Thor" gathered a specimen between Shetland and the Fseroes at Lat. 61 ;s N
Long ( [9 W . 212 fath. Lo Bianco's statement on its occurrence in the Mediterranean ought to be considered
.1- doubtful.

35. Campylaspis rostrata Calm.
PI. Ill figs. 5 a— 5 c).

This species, which was established on .1 single immature female, has been well figured and described
by Caiman. The form is instantly separated from all other northern species by the long and most peculiarly
shaped pseudorostrum As Caiman did not examine the two posterior pairs of maxillipeds in his specimen,
they an- figured and briefly mentioned here Second pair of maxillipeds (figs. 5 a and 5 b) robust; carpus with-
out any tooth on the inner side: dactylus with 3 spines, the first and the third strong and subequal in length,
while the seciiiul is quite short propodus produced considerably at the end of the inner side, but the tooth is
short and blunt, while the spine on the distal end is robust, only a little overreaching the distal spine of dacty-
lus, and with a sharp bend a little before the end Third maxillipeds with the distal hall somewhat slender
liium extremely produced forwards on the inner side aud terminating as a triangle without any
th; merus only half as broad as the middle part oi second joint, its inner margin nearly straight with a
cou] the end of the outei margin a thick, nearly blunt tooth; carpus with some 3 teeth

on the outer margin, and propodus with a single strong tooth on the proximal part of the inner margin.

No1 taken by the "Ingolf", but by the "Thor" at a single locality,
ith-WesI of the Faeroes: Lai 6i 07 N ., Lo 0 W J43 fath.; 1 subadult and 1 very young

specimen.
stribution. The type was gathered wesl of southern Ireland, [12 fath Besides specimens have
Travailleur and Tali-man" al I. at ,s 2/) 45' N . Long ro in 7 ' \V., 640 fath., and I. at
. 1 .' ■• Caiman).

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 43

36. Campylaspis intermedia n. sp.

(PI. Ill, figs. 6 a— 6 i).

Female (with the marsupium scarcely half-developed). In general aspect nearly intermediate between
C. costata G. O. S. and C. verrucosa G. O. S. Carapace seen from above (fig. 6 a) rather oblong, as the pro-
portion between breadth and length is about as 3 to 5 ; a good deal of the lateral margins feebly divergent
from in front backwards, but anteriorly these margins rather suddenly converge strongly to near the end of
pseudorostrum, which is broadly rounded. The ocular lobe about as long as the pseudorostrum in front of
the lobe. Seen from the side (fig. 6 b) the carapace is of moderate depth, scarcely half as deep as long including
pseudorostrum, which is somewhat produced and a little upturned; the anteroinferior margin is rather
oblique, the antennal notch well developed, and the angle below it a little protruding. The sides of the cara-
pace show as in C. costata two longitudinal, long ridges separated by a deep depression, which considerably
behind the front end is partly interrupted by a low, broad protuberance; besides between the posterior third
of these ridges a third ridge, which has its anterior end united with the long lower ridge, but this species
differs from C. costata in having several rounded, moderately low tubercles on the upper and about three
tubercles on the intermediate ridge. Seen from above, the carapace (fig. 6 a) has in more than its posterior
half a longitudinal, a little curved row of about five tubercles on each half not far from the median line, and
just behind the outer end of the suture separating the pseudorostrum a large tubercle is very conspicuous;
besides some small tubercles are observed on the anterior half. The tubercles, excepting the anterior sublateral
pair, are on the whole low and rounded. The two anterior free segments are overlapped by the carapace;
they have dorsally no really lamellar expansion. — Abdomen moderately robust, as usual conspicuously
shorter than the carapace; the three anterior segments each with a pair of obtuse tubercles.

Second pair of maxillipeds (figs. 6 c — 6 d) somewhat slender ; carpus with a triangular tooth on the
distal inner angle; dactylus with 3 spines, the first strong and rather long but shorter than the third, while
the second is very small; propodus with the inner angle somewhat produced, acute, while its terminal spine
.scarcely overreaches the third spine of the dactylus. Third pair of maxillipeds (fig. 6 e) with the distal half slender ;
second joint serrated on the distal part of its inner margin; ischium with two teeth at the inner end; merus
(fig. 6 f) conspicuously less than half as broad as long, its inner margin distinctly concave with several fine
teeth, the outer margin a little convex with a large tooth towards the end and a couple of much more proximal,
minute teeth ; carpus with some teeth on the outer margin. First pair of legs (fig. 6 g) with the distal halt
slender; second joint serrated on the distal part of the inner margin; the following joints without teeth, and
merus a little longer but slightly thicker than carpus. Second pair of legs (fig. 6 h) without marginal teeth ;
carpus of middle length and slightly shorter than dactylus. -- Tropods (fig. 6 i) somewhat slender; the pe-
duncle as long as the two posterior abdominal segments together, slightly more than twice as long as the
endopod, with low saw-teeth on the inner margin; the endopod with 5 spines on the inner margin, a very
long spine and a quite short one on the end; exopod about as long as, or slightly shorter than, the endopod.

Length 5.5 mm. (An immature male from Stat. 116 is 5.8 mm.)

Remarks. C. intermedia is distinguished from C. sulcata by the tubercles on the sides, from < .

6*

\ IV

the carapace being less numerous and especiallj much lov
bj the shape of the merus in third maxilUpeds
tngolf" at two •

A' . ;i8 t.itli tei | , e< imens

X I.oi: I W . ;;i 1 .it li . temp ho.40; 2

imens
Campylaspis horrida G 0 Sars
PI III. fig. - a).

■ Sars Porh Vidensk Selsk. Christiania for 1869, p. r.62
Norman, Ann Mag. Na1 Hist ser. 6, Vol. XIII, p .27s, PI. XII, 11:4s. 6 — 7.
r, 1 1 Sars, Account, III. p 89, l'l I. XI I
Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. [96
The species 1- characterized by the rather produced pseudorostrum and especially by the high,
conical tubercles mi the carapace. It agrees on the whole- with Sars figures, but some remarks must be made.
The carapace of the female has always posteriorly between the submarginal ami tin- subdorsal keels a short
keel with two to five tubercles visible from the side, while the right figure of Sars shows only a single tubercle
In the two posterior pairs of maxillipeds I found some diffi From Sais figures Second maxilUpeds

epting in two points, viz. that the carpus lias an oblong tooth on the distal inner angle, and propodus
a rather large, oblong one on the inner side near the end Third maxillipeds differ in having the ischium
shorter and without distinct teeth, but the latter point is certainly on insignificant variation; a more impor-
tant difference is found in the shape of the merus (fig. 7 a) which is conspicuously more narrow than figured
- ;i-. with its mner margin somewhat concave. The uropods show very considerable variation as to
length, thickness and serration of the peduncles, breadth "t the endopod and its number of spines
hat their peduncle is "coarselj serrated on both edges" and the endopod "armed with
only 4 spinules"; according to his figure ; on the inner margin, 1 long terminal spine, while the small
■ 1 terminal spine is not counted; in his figure ot the adult female the peduncle is scarcely as long as the
two : abdominal segments combined, while his fig."urs" shows the saw-teeth on the inner margin

'her high and distinctly higher than those on the outer margin. In a lew specimens with vestiges
of marsupial lamella? the peduncli 0 a little shorter than the two posterior segments together, robust,

with thi ' ai on both margins as in Sars figure, while the endopod is somewhat broad, as drawn by

th j or 4 spines on the inner margin and the 2 terminal spines. In two Females with the marsupium
full-. the peduncles are proportionate!} more slendei and considerably longer, even in one female

• what lonuer than the tv isterioi n1 ombined, and the serration on both margins is conspic-

y more feeble, on the outer margin nearly indistinct, the endopod more narrow . with 3 spines on the inner
ma- ith the marsupium rudimentary are intermediate between those described, though

miilar to the adults, but the number of spines on the limei margin of the endopod varies
Th' scribed -how that length and serration of tin- peduncles slenderness and

■ 'o be . i], phed with caution as specific characters in this genus

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. " 45

In most of my females the ridges and tubercles of the carapace are adorned with small dark dots,
and some similar dots are also frequently found on the abdomen, the uropods, etc.

Occurrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf" but by the "Thor" at four localities.

South of Iceland: Lat. 6j°i5' N., Long. 22°23' W., 114 — 172 fath. ; 2 females.
— - Lat. 63°05' N., Long. 2Oo0j' W., 290 fath.; 2 females.

South-West of the Faeroes: Lat. 6i°i5' N., Long. 9°35' W., 463 — 515 fath.; 2 females.

Lat. 6i°07' N., Long. Q°3o' W., 443 fath.; 5 females.

Distribution. At several places at the west coast of Norway from Hardanger Fjord to Lofoten,
100 — 300 fath. (G. O. Sars). The "Thor" captured it south-west of Norway at Lat. 58°32' N., Long. 4°i8' E.,
149 fath. Caiman referred with some uncertainty a broken specimen from Lat. 39°59x/2' N., Long. 70°303/4' W.,
428 fath., to this species; he refers also with some doubt a specimen from Sagami Bay, Japan, to C.homda,
but his remarks on its size and especially the more slender distal joints in some appendages make it rather
certain that it must be a different species, which he also suggests as a possibility. Lo Bianco's statement
on its occurrence in the Mediterranean may possibly be correct, but it is not very probable.

38. Campylaspis verrucosa G. O. Sars.
(PI. Ill, fig. 8 a).

1866. Campylaspis verrucosa G. O. Sars, Nyt Mag. for Naturv. Vol. XV, p. 105.

1894. Norman, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 6. ser., Vol. XIII, p. 278, PI. XII, fig. 7.

!iqoo. G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 90. PI. LXIII.

1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief, p. 198.

Only a few remarks on some appendages shall be made for comparison with Sars' figures. I found
in second pair of maxillipeds a well developed, triangular tooth on the distal inner angle of the carpus, a
somewhat slender tooth on the distal inner angle of the propodus, only a slight difference in the length of
first and third spine of the dactylus, both these spines longer than figured by Sars, and between them the
second, very small, but distinct spine. In third maxillipeds I found more important difference in the size
and shape of the merus; fig. 8 a shows this joint larger than figured by Sars in proportion to carpus, only
a little narrower than the distal part of second joint, and somewhat expanded inwards, as its inner margin
has the proximal two-thirds somewhat convex, and then it is suddenly angularly bent; some differences in
the teeth on the merus and the two following joints may be observed by comparison between fig. 8 a and
Sars' fig. nip3. In first pair of legs I found on the outer margin of the merus some small teeth and a long sub-
terminal tooth ; otherwise his figures of this leg and of second leg agree with my preparation. The expansion
of the merus of third maxillipeds is a good character and besides of special interest (see "Remarks" at the
next species).

Occurrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf" but by the "Thor" at four localities.

South of Iceland: Lat. 63°i8' N., Long. 2i°3o' W., 95 fath.; 1 specimen.

Lat. 63°i5' N., Long. 22°23' W., 114 — 172 fath.; 15 specimens.

\ l.un; \ [6 , sis nth man) pi

\\ 44 | i.itli large aumbei oi spe< in

ng the whole south and west! coast "t Norwaj .1- fai aorth .i- the U>-

Sars .ui«l Norman, however, had in [872 and [894 recorded it

ah Taken three times in Skagei Rak in depths from 280 to 150 fath

H 1 ].; Ireland, [20 to 454 Fath. (Caiman), and several times in the Mediterranean

; ntarctica Calm from Lai 66 3 Long 8o°38 !•'.
.ill in all probability in the future be recognized as a separate, valid species, and Stebbing has already
11, 1 . Lie! p [99 established it as C. antarctica Calm.

Campylaspis globosa n sp
(PI, III. figs, via gg; PI, IV. figs. 1 a— 1 b

\dnlt Female The carapace somewhat similar to that in ' verrucosa, but seen from above
proportionately broader with tin.- major part ol tin- lateral margins more convex, conspicuously less
than ha'. gain as broad; seen from the side (fig. i in twice as long as deep, with pseudorostrum

somewhat produced and a little upturned; the antenna! notch rathe] deep, the corner below it angular,
and the margin above it somewhat convex and rather oblique. Both above and on the sides the carapace
is adorned with tubercles, all rounded and differing much in size, the majority arranged into four pairs of
gitudinal but somewhat curved or partly irregular rows; the lateral impression is anteriorly bent consider-
ably upwards, and its middle pari is deep I >orsal erect lamellae on the two anterioi tree segments could not
be detected. Abdomen considerably shorter than the carapace; on the two anterior segments dorsal tubercles
are feebly developed, on third segment scarcely perceptible.

md pair of maxillipeds fig 9 a and 9b) rather similar to those 111 ( verrucosa, but the tooth
on the inner angle of both carpus and propodus is small; tirst and third spun- on the dactylus long, while
pine is very short and thin; the spine on the end of propodus somewhat overreaches the spines on
the dactylus. Third pair of maxillipeds (fig. 9c) somewhat slender; second and third joints without teeth.
merus extremely characteristic (fig. yd), as it is expanded considerably on the inner side in a low triangle,
the proximal halt of its inner margin is nearly straight and directed not only forwards but considerably in-
wards, while the distal half of the margin forms an angle with the proximal half, is directed considerably
outwards and b< niewhat conca\ e; the merus is about half as long again as broad, with a rather

11 tooth at the base of the distal, -lion- seta carpus normally shaped, rather oblong, with about two
• th on the outer margin. First paii oi legs tig. ge) slender, second joint tapers considerably from the middle
the end; ischium with a tooth on the inner margin; merus very slender, considerably longer but slightly

joints without teeth. Second pair oi legs (fig. 9 ti with carpus elongated

: than the very long and thin dactylus. ■- Uropods (fig, 9 g) modei.it. 1\

•he two posterioi abdominal segments together ami distinctly less

with more than hall of the niiiei margin somewhat coarse!) serrated.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 4/

and the major proximal part of the outer margin finely serrated; endopod with 3 spines on the serrated
inner margin, one long and one short apical spine.

Length 5.6 mm.

Remarks. This species is intermediate between C. verrucosa G. O. S. and C. jrigida H. J. H.,
though nearer to the latter form, which was collected by the "Belgica" at Lat. 70°48' S., Long. qi°54' W.
The curious expansion of the merus is still more developed in C.frigida, in which that joint is as broad as long;
as to the shape of merus C. globosa is intermediate between C. verrucosa and C. jrigida, and the relationship
between these three species from most different localities has been mentioned above on p. 36.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at a very deep station in the warm area.

Davis Strait: Stat. 36: Lat. 6i°5o' N., Long. 56°2i' W., 14.55 fath., temp, r.50; 1 adult female.

40. Campylaspis serratipes n. sp.

(PI. IV, figs. 2 a— 2 h).

Subadult Female (and immature Male). Carapace seen from above (fig. 2 a) nearly regularly
oblong-oval, excepting at the front end which is cut off transversely, and it is considerably less than twice as
long as broad; seen from the side (fig. 2 b) the carapace is highly vaulted, very deep, with the pseudorostrum
included considerably less than twice as long as deep, about as deep as broad. Pseudorostrum short and a
little upturned; the antennal notch moderately or somewhat feebly developed, and the upper part of the
oblique margin below the notch with some saw-teeth. The ocular lobe broader than long, nearly half as long
as pseudorostrum. The dorsal side of the carapace with a pair of longitudinal rows of tubercles; the rows
are posteriorly nearer the median line than anteriorly, and each row consists of 5 or 4 rather small, more or less
conical or rounded tubercles ; behind the pseudorostrum a broad but proportionately somewhat low tubercle
is placed more laterally; finally the upper part of each side has one just discernible small tubercle and some-
times a vestige of a second or even a third tubercle. The dorsal part of the two anterior free segments frequent-
ly completelv concealed by the carapace, when visible it is observed, that each segment has a high transverse
keel, which is not really lamellar. Abdomen as usual conspicuously shorter than the carapace; the segments
without dorsal tubercles.

Second pair of maxillipeds (figs. 2c and 2 d) peculiarly armed; carpus with an extremely long, spini-
form process on the distal inner angle and before it an acute tooth; propodus with an uncommonly long,
spiniform process on the inner margin before the end, and the outer terminal spine is rather long; dactylus
with 4 spines, the first long, about as long as the third and considerably longer than the second, while the
fourth is only about half as long as and much thinner than the third. Third pair of maxillipeds (fig. 2 e) with
second joint uncommonly short, much shorter than the five following joints combined; ischium with two
teeth on the inner margin; merus normally shaped, somewhat less than twice as long as broad, with two
strong teeth on the inner margin and some three teeth on the outer ; carpus oblong and scarcely longer than
the breadth of merus, with three strong teeth on the inner and four on the outer margin ; propodus rather long,
with three very strong teeth on the proximal part of the inner margin and a smaller tooth on the outer mar-

U \ IV

bium with two teeth on the innei side; tnenis .1 little
with .1 tooth al the end ol each margin; carpus distinctly shorter and more
th "ii the innei and three on the outei margin Second paii oi l<

and moderatel) slender; dactylus \er\ long, even slightly longer than
LTropods fig 2 h) vary as to length ; the peduncle is from a little mor<
in the t\\«» posterior abdominal segments combined, and it- Length in proportion to the
from being " , to scarcely ' , the inner margin oi the peduncle 1- coarse!} serrated,
and eth are elongated, nearlj spiniform, a Uttle curved and directed much backwards

while the outer margin is parti) finely serrated 01 smooth , the endopod is long, with the inner margin serrated
u l( and aimed with ; spines, the distal one at the end near the very long terminal spine,
while the outei terminal spine 1- \ei\ small. The exopod is somewhat shorter than the endopod.
I.ei._ females with the marsupium halt developed 3 3.6 mm.

Remark-. I serratipes 1- in general aspect somewhat similar to C. a/finis, but it is considerably
smaller and its appendages differ in many particulars; especially the armature of the two distal joints of
ad maxillipeds and the serration on third to sixth joint of third maxillipeds and third to fifth joint of
tir-t legs differ much in the two species further differences are found in the uropods, especially in the number
of spines on the innei margin of the endopod. The name serratipes has been chosen, because the marginal
serration in some pan- oi appendages 1- more developed than in any other northern species. — Sometimes
a proportionately somewhat low uumbei ol small dark dots may be seen on carapace and abdomen.
Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at two stations in the warm area.

West of Iceland: Stat. 90: bat. 04 45' X., Long. 290b \V ., 568 lath., temp. 4.4 ; 1 specimen.
South-\\ Iceland : Stat. 78 I..11 <>o 7,7' X., Long. 27°52' W., 799 lath., temp. 4.3°; 12 specimens.

Family Pseudocumatidae.

This small family comprises only two marine genera with some few species, but it has arrived at much
richer development in the Caspian Sea. Only one of the marine genera has been found in the Ingolf area.
but as the other genus. Pseudocuma G. O. S., goes northwards to Lofoten, Fair Isle and Scotland, it may
possibly occur at the Faeroes.

Petalosarsia Stebbing.

Onl ies is known

41 Petalosarsia declivis G. 0. Sars

Jars l-'orh Vidensk. Selsk. Christiania For [864, p. [97
ount, III. p 77 PI LIV.
S1 »amp Due d'Orleans, Crust Malac. p. 121. PI. VI, figs, n -12.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 49

Sars says that the inner edge of the endopod of the uropods is "minutely serrate and densely hairy
throughout", which agrees well with his fig. urs., but is not quite correct. The hairs constitute a dense clothing
on the inner side of the endopod, and the saw-teeth are arranged in a straight line a little above the clothing,
and directed not only inwards and backwards but besides a little upwards; when the abdomen is seen vertical-
ly from above the saw-teeth originate slightly inside the margin and are seemingly minute, but when the en-
dopod is turned a little so that one sees it from above and a little from the outer side, the saw-teeth, only
about 12 in number, are perceived to be rather strong, and the distal teeth even produced in a slender triangle.
- Sars has no figure or description of the male uropod, but Stappers has filled up that small gap ; the endopod
has on the distal part of the inner margin 9 somewhat small, ciliated spines but no hairs, while the hairs
are well developed on the major proximal part of the inner margin; Stappers' fig. 12 agrees completely with
the uropods of a male taken by the "Thor", excepting that I find the hairs on the inner margin much longer
than drawn by Stappers, longer than the diameter of the joint.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at two stations.

Davis Strait: Stat. 31: Lat. 66°35' N., Long. 55°54' W., 88 fath., temp. 1.6°; 3 specimens.

West of Iceland: Stat. 86: Tat. 65°03'6" N., Long. 23°47'6" W., 76 fath.; 1 specimen.

Furthermore it has been gathered at North-East Iceland in Myre Bugt, Lat. 66°n' N., Long. I3°04"W.,
33 fath., 2 specimens, by "Beskytteren" ; the "Thor" secured it at two localities, viz. East Iceland: Hjerads
Floi, 15 — 25 fath., 3 specimens; and south-west of Iceland: Lat. 63°46' N., Long. 22°56' W., 79 fath., 10
specimens.

Distribution. At Norway gathered off Lofoten, 50 — 60 fath., and at Finmark near Hasvig and
Yadso 20 — 40 fath. (G. O. Sars). Furthermore taken at the southern end of Spitzbergen, Lat. 76ui9' N.,
Long. i8°i' E., 142 fath. (G. O. Sars), at Cape Flora, Franz Joseph Land, 10 fath. (Th. Scott), and south
of Novaya Zemlya, Lat. 70°2o' N., Long. 56°34' and 56°35' E., 48 fath. (Stappers). In the North Sea at
Lat. 56°2i' N., Long. 5°32' E. (Ehrenbaum), at two places in North-East England, ^y to 57 fath. (Norman
and Brady), and in Firth of Forth (Th. Scott). Walker recorded it from the Irish Sea, ^t, fath. Finally it
has been taken off Newfoundland, 89 fath., and off Marthas Vineyard, 39 fath. (Caiman).

Family Lampropidae.

This family comprises hitherto only a moderate number of species (nearly 30), but as to generic
types it is rather well represented in the "Ingolf" area, as 4 among the S genera referred by Zimmer to the
family are to be mentioned on the following pages.

LampropS G. O. Sars.
Only a single species is hitherto known from our area.

The Ingolf-Expedition. III. 6. j

VCA IV

l amprops tus( ata G. O

Vidensk Selsk. Christiania foi r864, p i • ._'
ount, III. p 20, PI XI
Stebbing, 1 las Tiern i Lief p

taken by the "Ingoli Bu1 it has been collected at foui loi alities in West Green-

i '-I 1. 1 X and 68 |6 X Three oi these places have already been recorded

Breddal, I »isko, s lath. . Godhavn, 8 to fat h., and Nivak, 5 [5 fath, The fourth locality

1- k land, where Mag si Kruuse took a sample of bottom material, in which 2 females

M(l.

itribution. At Norway common from Lofoten to Vadsd, shallow water G. O. San At No-

1 Zemlya it was taken in the western outlet of Matotschkin Schar, 8 10 fath. (Stuxberg) a1 Franz

ph Land Uy in West Hay, 2 10 fath. (Th finally off Newfoundland, 67 fath. (Caiman).

\ adult females taken at two localities in Alaska have "provisionally" been associated with I., fuscata

!'iij but some of the diffen om the normal form pointed out by him are in my opinion

not unimportant, and I suppose that the specimens from Alaska belong to a separate species.

Hemilamprops G 0 Sars.

this genus 6 species have l>een established, and 3 among them are found in our area.

43. Hemilamprops assimilis G. 0 Sars

Hemilamprops assimilis G. ( > Sars, Forh. Vidensk. Selsk. Christiania for [882, no. [8, p. 55. Tab. 1,

Fig. 23 1
G < > Sars, Account, III, p. 23, PI. XV.

Stebbing, l>.i- Tierreich, 19 Lief., p. 56.

currence Not taken by the "Ingolf", but by the "Thor" at a single station.

roes I. I 6] is X.. Long. 9 35' \V. 463 515 fath.; 3 specimens.

tribution. l-'irst taken at Varda in East Finmark, [0 50 fath., later besides at two places

in West Finmarl 10 fath. 1 ! 0 Sars). When Walkei teste Caiman) recorded it from the Irish

>.ork. I venture to suppose that the determination was not correct.

44. Hemilamprops uniplicata G O. Sars.

uniplica Forh. Vidensk Selsk Christiania for 1871, p. 270.

la G 0 \< -count. Ill, p. 24, Pis. XVI X\'II

ibing, I »as Tierreich, ;o Lief p

by the "Ingoli . bu1 b) the "Thor' at a single station.

X , I. on. 0 ''A ;i. fath [0 specimens (mutilated

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 5 I

Distribution. West coast of Norway at five places, from Hardanger Fjord to Lofoten, 60 — 150
fath.; rather far from Norway at Fat. 6j°io' N., 417 fatli., temp, -i- i.o°, and at Fat. 66°4i' N., 350 fath.,
temp. -h 0.9° (G. O. Sars). Besides west of Ireland, 199 fath. (Caiman). — Caiman states that the species
"is recorded, with an indication of doubt, from E. Foch Tarbest (F. l'yne) by Brook and Scott" ; its occurrence
in that Loch may be possible, but is not very probable.

45. Hemilamprops cristata G. O. Sars.

1870. Lamprops cristata O. O. Sars, Forh. Vidensk. Selsk. Christiania for 1869, p. 157.
! 1900. Hemilamprops cristata G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 25, PI. XVIII.
1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Fief., p. 57.

As Caiman points out differences between the telson in most of his specimens and Sars' account,
it may be stated, that I have examined the telson in many females and found it to agree with Sars' figure
both in shape and in length and number of spines, excepting that sometimes four pairs of lateral spines were
found. Caiman suspects that H. Normani Bonnier will prove to be a synonym to H. cristata; it may be pos-
sible, but seems to me rather improbable. — It may be mentioned that the Hpicarid^C it mocclius insignis
H. J. H. was found in the marsupium of three females from Fat. 6i°o7', Fong. 9°3o' W.,

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at a single station.

Davis Strait: Stat. 25: Fat. 63°3o' N., Fong. 54°25' W., 582 fath., temp. 3.3°; 2 specimens.

Besides taken by the "Thor" at 4 localities in our area.

South of Iceland: Fat. 63°i5' N., Fong. 22°23' W., 114 — 172 fath.; 4 specimens.

Fat. 62°io' N., Fong. I9°36' W., 1010 — 1142 fath.; 6 specimens.

South-West of the Faeroes: Fat.. 6i°i5' N., Fong. 9°35' W., 463 — 515 fath.; 12 specimens.

Fat. 6i°07' N., Fong. 9°3o' W., 443 fath.; 84 specimens.

Distribution. Taken four times in Skager Rak between Jutland and Norway, 226 — 350 fath.
(H. J. Hansen); the "Thor" captured it south-west of Norway at Fat. 5S°32' N., Fong. 4°i8' E., 148 fath.
At the west coast of Norway in several places from Hardanger Fjord to Fofoten "in depths of more than 100
fathoms" (G. O. Sars), yet in 1886 Sars stated to have gathered it at Huso in 80 — 100 fath. The "Thor"
secured it north-east of Shetland, Fat. 6i°i4' N., Fong. i°i9' E., 85 fath.; Norman recorded it from south
of Roekall, Fat. 56°07' N., Fong. I4°i9' W., 630 fath., and Caiman from five stations west of Ireland, 199 —
382 fath. But when Sars (1900) writes: "British Isles (Robertson)", it can only be founded on a single locality ,
according to Norman it was in i860 published by Robertson that this species had been taken in the Firth
of Clyde.

PlatytyphlopS Stebbing.

Of this very interesting genus only 2 species are known, one from each hemisphere. The northern
species has been discovered in the "Ingolf" area.

\ l\

Platytyphlopa orbicularis Calm.

Ireland, Sd [nve I p t ;. PI V. figs. 77 8i

1 S Nat Mus \ "1 11, p. 631, figs 20, ;'!
ibing, I >aj Tierr< Lii I p

'- • taken by the but l>> the "Tl 1 single -t.iti

]..ii ''i 1 N . Long g |o \\ 11, i.itli.. [2 specimens, all mutilated,

mosl of them fragmei I
tribution. Th< tablished on iecimen gathered wesl ol Ireland: 77 miles

W N W "i Achill Head, co Mayo, 382 t .it li it has been recorded from 4 stations situated

itnerica, from I. at. 39. 54' _, N . Long. 7c J" W to La1 [2 N Long 71 ,- W

<. di

Platysympus Stebbing.

this fine genus only 2 species arc known. One among them, /'. typicus.G ' >. Sars, ha- been taken

at the v. Norway in souk- localities from Lofoten to Hardanger Fjord, besides wesl ol Ireland

and in the Mediterranean, consequently it might Ik- possible to find it in the southern part ol tin- "Ingolf"

an-a It has, however, not been discovered there, but I was somewhat surprised in seeing that a couple of

npus taken south of Iceland belong to a new species.

47, Platysympus tricarinatus n. sp.
(PI. IV. figs ;a ,;c).

Immature Specimens Male and Female). Carapace (fig eems to lie proportionately a

little broader than in P. tvpiats (',. ( ). S., and with the lateral margins less converging forwards, but as it
■ icked in both specimens some uncertainty as to the outline remains. Hut a valid difference between it
and that in the last-named Spi 1 ies 1- that it- surface is adorned with three obtuse but distinct keels, one in
the median line, and one about halfwaj between the median keel and the lateral margin; these sublateral
Dteriorly near the end of the fissure separating the pseudorost rum . the surface is a little hollowed
alonu the lateral 1 ij I 'ice segment differs extremely from that in /'. tvpiru^: it is scarcely half as

ch antero-lateral comer produced, curved somewhat forwards and acute,
whili ■ half is strongly narrowed, less than half as broad as the anterior part, and the lateral

ave. Second free segment without distind keels

•hn-e pairs of maxillipeds and second pair of legs differ only in a few minute partieu-

other cephalotl es are mutilated. Uropods (fig. [b

■ than the two po b riot - J segments together and

pod; both peduncle and endopod a- in P. typicus, bu1 tJ "I diiters

il joinl oi the endopod, while in the othei species it does not

CRUSTACEA MAI,ACOSTRACA. IV.

reach that end. Telson with the proximal part of the lateral margins more convex, while these margins are
about at their middle more concave than in P. typicus, according to Sars' figure; the end with 3 spines, but a
smaller spine is in both specimens observed on one of the coarsely serrated lateral margins near the end.

Length of the young male 5.6 mm, of the female with the marsupium rudimentary 5.7 mm.

Remarks. By the three keels on the carapace and above all by the curious shape of the narrow
first free thoracic segment this species differs strongly from P. tvpicus.

Occurrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf", but by the "Thor" at a single station.

South of Iceland: Lat. 62°57' N., Long. I9°58' W., 508 fath. ; 2 immature, mutilated specimens.

Family Diastylidae.

This large family, which is distributed all over the world, is especially represented in the arctic-
subarctic and boreal regions by a large number of species; from the "Ingolf" area 19 species are dealt with
in the present paper. But some questions as to the limitation of its genera are difficult ; certain features fre-
quently used are of slight value as generic characters. For instance, rudimentary exopods in third and fourth
pairs of legs in the female are found in Leptostylis and wanting in Diastyloid.es, while in Diastvlis they are
wanting in most species, but according to Caiman (1912) distinct in some forms. Whether third and fourth
free thoracic segments are fused or separated is another feature used as generic character, but it has scarcely
been observed that every transition between complete fusion of these segments without vestige of dorsal
suture and movable articulation of these segments against one another can be pointed out ; a few facts may
be mentioned. Sars saj's that in Diastvlopsis resima Kr. (referred here to Brachydiastylis Stebb.) these two
segments "are very firmly connected", but "a well-marked suture may in reality be proved to exist between
them"; in Makrocylindrus spiniventris n. sp., the suture is distinct on the sides but its transverse part on
the dorsal surface is wanting. In the female of the gigantic DiastylisGoodsiri Bell these segments are seemingly
both dorsally and on the sides well separated, but a closer inspection shows that the furrow between them
is firmlv chitinized, so that they are immovably coalesced. In Diastvlis polaris G. O. S. and Diastvlis longi-
caudata Bonnier there is a narrow but real, movable articulation between the two segments, especially on the
dorsal side; D. scorpioides Lep. is intermediate between D. Goodsiri and /). polaris; in Diastyloides serrata
G. O. S. and Leptostylis grandis n. sp. the articulation is well developed.

Taking these and other difficulties into consideration, I decided as to the genera to follow a middle
way between Stebbing and Zimmer. The genus Adiastylis Stebb. is not adopted, but Brachydiastylis Stebb.
is maintained, especially because a new species allied to R. resima Kr. shows some of the peculiarities found
in that Kroyerian species developed to a still higher degree, so that these two species constitute a natural
group. Finally it may be stated here that for reasons to be given later on a new species is referred to Makro-
cylindrus Stebb., though it differs from the diagnosis of this genus in a special feature of the telson. — Five
genera are represented in the material.

u \ iv

Diastylis s..\

mong them new, bul an additional species not seen by me
Strait, ,uh1 must ui course 1»- included

Diastylis Rathkii ki

Kr ■ Naturh. Tidsski B III. p ;i, Tab V VI, Fig 17

Kroyei Naturh., Tidsskr., Ny Raekke, B II. p 144. 207, Tab I Fig .) and 6
Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr., Nj Raekke, B II. p [56, 206, Tab I Fig 2, Tab II.

Fig 1. .1 1
... Kroyer, in Gaimard, Voy. en Scand., Crust. PI. V. fig i, a -u.
Kroyer, in Gaimard, Voy. en Scand., Crust. PI. V, fig. 2 a
Rathkei G 0 Sars Account, III. p. 44, Pis XXXIII XXXIV.
Raihkeiv&r. G. O Sars Account, III. p. 107, Pis. LXX l.XXII.

feii Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief., p. 98 (with the enormous synonymy).

It may be mentioned that in the marsupium of females from West Greenland specimens have been
foui nella da ■ II I II a parasitic Copepod of the family Choniostomatida

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at 7 stations.

I "avis Strait St.it 32 I. at 66 55 X.. Long 56 38 YV . ;i8 tath., temp. [.9 8 specimens.
Stat.35: Lat. 65 16' N., Long. 55°05' W [62 tath.. temp. 3.60; 11 specimens.
Stat. 28 La1 65 14 X., Long. 55°42' W., 420 fath.,temp. 3.5 ; rfumerous specimens.
Stat 27 Lai 64 54' X.. Long ss to' \\\, 393 fath., temp. .-5.0 ; (> specimens
Stat. 25: Lat. 63 to X . Long 54 25' W., 582 fath., temp. 3.3 : several specimens.
th-Eas1 "i Iceland: Stat. 4: Lat. '14 07 X.. Long. 11 12' W., 237 fath., temp. 2.5 . 1 specimen.
North-W'i >t <>! the Faroes: Stat i_;.s I. at 63 26 X . Long. 7 56 YV.. 471 fath., temp -i-O.6;

7 specimens.
This species is common at West Greenland; already in [888 I enumerated 17 localities — most
of them near the coast and 5 among them more distant Irom land in Baffin Bay or Davis Strait between
:: X . and 60 X . the depths were most frequently from ab. 10 to so fath . but six among them
fath. Later it has Keen found at two places on the same coast not recorded in the literature.
esminde l>y Pro! Bergendal, .md at Holstensborg La1 N bj Mag Traustedt; Stephen-

om Northern Stromfjord, ab. Lat. 67 4/ X.. 30 fath. and 4— 11 fath., and from Brede Fjord,
'•' . -'' 8 5 and 5 8 fath. Ohlin and Ortmann recorded i1 from two places very tar northwards
in '.'• • ■!, ■:! Bay, ab Lat 77 30 X.. Jo 25 fath.. and Murchison Sound, ab Lat

ith.
The "Tl - south-west oi Iceland Lit 63 1'' X.. Long. 22 56 W . 80 lath.;

Di A C. Johansen in Loons Yik. 40 fath. Norman records it from
X . Long 9 c8' YV.. ij.u fath. At East Greenland it ha- been

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 5 5

captured six times; the Unci Amdrup-Expedition gathered it at ab. Lat. 74°28' N., Long. I5°36' W., no
fath., and in Hurry Inlet, Lat. 70 50' N., 50 fath. Ohlin recorded it from Lat. 70°43' N., Long. 22°2a/ W.,
Scoresby Sound, 37 fath.; I,at. ~jz°2&' N., Long 2i°48' W., 95 fath., and Lat. 74°52' N., Long. iy°i6' W.,
186 fath. Finally taken by the Due d'Orleans near Lat. 75°58' N., Long. I4°o8' W., 159 fath.

Distribution. Found in some parts of Kattegat, common in both Belts and also going through
the Sound to the Baltic, where it has been taken in the Bay of Kiel, off Bornholm and eastwards to Gotland
(various authors) ; it occurs generally in the deeper tracts of the named areas, is rare in 7 — S fath., though
yet found in 31 2 fath. In Skager Rak it was secured several times in 35 to no fath., but also taken in ab.
220 and 350 fath. (H. J. Hansen). It occurs along the whole coast of Norway, generally in 10 to 30 fath:
(G. O. Sars), was taken between Greenland and Spitzbergen at Lat. 8i°oo' N., Long. i°oo' E., 540 fath.
(G. O. Sars), and a few times at western and northern Spitzbergen, northwards to Lat. 8i°2o' N., in depths
from 80 to 531 fath. (Sars, Ohlin, Zimmer). Furthermore it was recorded from Franz Joseph Land (Heller,
Th. Scott), from places in the Barents Sea, 60 and 120 fath. (Hoek, Stuxberg), from places at the west and
south coasts of Novaya Zemrya, Matotschkin Schar and Jugor Schar in depths from 4 — 10 fath. and down
to 30 — 70 fath. (Stuxberg, Stappers) ; from several places in the Kara Sea in depths from 3 to 60 fath. (Stux-
berg, H. J. Hansen), besides in the Sibirian Ocean at Long. 78°4o' E., 26 fath., at Long. 8o°58' E., 5 fath.,
and at several places between Cape Tchelyuskine and Long. i73°24' W., near Bering Strait, 3 to 12 fath.
(Stuxberg).

G. O. Sars recorded this species from two stations in the cold deep sea area west of Norway, viz.
Lat. 69°46' N., Long. i6°i5' E., 649 fath., temp, -h 0.70, and Lat. 62°44' N., Long. i°4«S' E., 412 fath., temp.
■f- 1 ,o°. It is common in theNorth Sea southwards to the Belgian coast ; has been found at places on the eastern
and western coast of Scotland and England and at the south coast of Devon and Cornwall (various authors),
but is unknown from the west side of Ireland (Caiman). It has been taken at Port Kennedy (Bate, as D.
borcalis), at five places at the east coast of Baffin Land between Lat. 73^43' N. and Lat. 7i°42' N. in 5 — 10
and down to 10 — 28 fath., and at Lat. 66°33' N., 6 fath. (Ohlin) ; in places at Labrador in depths from 7 to
50 fath.; at some stations off Halifax and the east coast of America southwards to Lat. 4i°ii1/2'N., 20
to 499 fath. (S. I. Smith; Caiman); finally at Point Franklin on the east side of Bering Strait (Murdoch),
and at a number of places at Alaska and the Aleutian Islands southwards to Sitka, in depths from 5 — 7 and
down to 15 — 20 fath. (Caiman).

The distribution of this species is very interesting. It is really circumpolar and goes southwards
to the southern coast of Cornwall; it is generally found in depths from 10 to 50 fath., but has been taken in
3 fath., and several times in depths from 300 to 649 fath. Furthermore it seems rather independent both
of salinity and temperature, because it goes far eastward in the Baltic and has been captured not only in
300 to 582 fath. at stations belonging to the warm area, but also by Sars and the "Ingolf" in 412, 471 and
649 fath. at stations belonging to the cold deep-sea area1. Extremely few, if any, other species of Malaco-

1 Here a special point may be mentioned. Ohlin imputes me to have committed an error in 1S8S in saying that
/). Rathkii had been recorded by Norman from the entrance of Davis Strait, 1750 fath., but I said that D. Rathkii had been
taken at West Greenland in every depth down to 410 fath., the greatest depth where dredging had been undertaken, excepting
that by Norman in 1750 fath. Consequently I did not include 1750 fath. as a locality for this species.

ICA. IV

. ipltical di great independence ol depth, temperature

Diastylis lucifera ki

Kroyei Naturh Tidsski B HI. p 527, 531, Tab VI, Fig ,i
Kroyer, Naturb Tidsskr N\ R, B II p. 171
Kroyer, in Gaimard, Voy. en Scand Crust PI, III, fig ; .1 k
G.O.S ounl III. p 49, PI. XXXVIII.

lucitet Stebbing, 1'as Tierr< Lief p 101

Occurren I iken l>> the "Ingob tations,

Davis Strait Sta1 ;i I. .it 66 35' N , Long. 55 54' W 88 lath . temp, t.6 1 specimen.

Stal [2 I. at 66 [5 N . Long 56 ;8 W . |i8 lath., temp. 3.9 ; t8 specimens.
Stat. 35 Lat. 65 r.6'N., Long 55°05"W., [62 fath., temp ;.6 14 specimens
Stat. 28 I. at 65 [4 N . Long. 55 4J \\'.. 420 fath . temp. 3.50; u as.

Distribution. Distributed in the major part oi Kattega ng the northern half oi the Si mud

and going through Stun- Bell into Langelands Belt; the depths generally r.2 to 30 lath., a single time only
th.; furthermore frequently captured in Skager Rak in depths from 35 to 350 fath. (Meinert, 11 J Han-
ther common along the whole coast oi Norway, from the innermost part of Christiania Fjord
tu Vadso, in 20 to 50 fath. G. O Sars). It is rather common in the major part of the North Sea, in the eastern
part southwards at least to I. at 55 (Ehrenbaum), while in its western tracts it has been taken near Aber-
in Firth of Forth (Th. Scott) and at sour- places a1 Northumberland and Durham, js to 59 fath. (Nor-
man and Norman records it from a place near Plymouth. Caiman records it from off Newfoundland,
Fath and from the Gulf of Maine. 54 fath.; S I. Smith possessed it from the Bay of Fundy, 60 and yy
fath , Whiteaves from the Guli of St. Lawrence.

50. Diastylis hastata n. sp
PI IV, figs. 4 a | r

Adult Female (and immature Male). Cephalothorax, not including pseudorostrum, rather oblong
•in above and from the side, nearly as slender as 1>. Rathkii. Carapace moderately vaulted above,
al margin somewhat sloping, especially anteriorly; majoi anterior part of the dorsal
number oi irregularly distributed small or rather small spinules, and several such spines
rt of 1 0 ulai lobe with a few minute denticles; the whole lower

I ' eth which are long on the anterioi part and also found on the posterior
tion, while on aboul the post cum two-thirds ,,t the margin the teeth are con-
ad towards the hind margin thej are subquadratic Pseudoro-
■ m-what i little shorter than the 1 arapace from the front end of the ocular

rably upturned, tapi 1 ilarly to the subacute cud. with the uppi 1

., while hall "i the lowei margin has a small numbei oi remote.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 57

minute saw-teeth, and the posterior part of this margin is, as already mentioned, armed with strong and
closely set teeth rapidly increasing in length to below the insertion of the antennulse. Free thoracic segments
rather considerably shorter than the carapace; last segment with two pairs of sublateral denticles, and some-
times also a pair of denticles on fourth segment; postero-lateral angle of last segment scarcely produced.
Abdomen somewhat slender; the two anterior segments each with a pair of sublateral denticles, and some-
times also a pair of denticles on fourth segment; fifth segment long, almost twice as long as the sixth, with
about four pairs of sublateral denticles on its posterior third; sixth segment with a pair of sublateral denticles
near the posterior margin.

Antennula? (fig. 4 a) very long, as the peduncle is almost as long as pseudorostrum ; its first joint
seen from below about as long as the second, with a somewhat long tooth below and a similar tooth on the
inner side at the end; third joint somewhat shorter than the second; upper flagellum considerably shorter
than third peduncular joint, 3-jointed; lower flagellum shorter than first joint of the other flagellum, 3-jointed.
Antennae with a thin and moderately long, plumose seta on the end of the terminal joint; mandibles as in
Diastylis sens. Sars. Third pair of maxillipeds normal; second joint a little broader and proportionately
shorter than in I>. Rathkii, and armed with several teeth along the distal part of its inner margin; ischium
with a tooth on the inner margin, and merus with a tooth below; the long proximal joint of the exopod
without teeth. First pair of legs (fig. 4 b) moderately long, stretched forwards reaching scarcely to the end
of the antennular peduncles; second joint with about 7 strong teeth on the distal half of the inner margin
and the same number of teeth below near the outer margin; propodus a little shorter than the carpus and much
longer than the dactylus; the long proximal joint of the exopod with a number of teeth on the middle part
of its outer margin. Second pair of legs (fig. 4 c) a little more than half as long as first pair; second joint with
a few teeth on the inner margin and some teeth on the lower side ; ischium with a somewhat small tooth on
the inner corner; carpus about twice a long as the dactylus; the long proximal joint of the exopod with
fine teeth on half of the outer margin. Third and fourth pairs of legs without exopods; fourth pair (fig. 4 d)
with the carpus about twice as long as the two distal joints together. — Uropods somewhat long; peduncle
in the adults almost as long as the two posterior abdominal segments together, with 6 or 7 spines on the inner
margin ; in subadult specimens without marsupium or with its plates small the peduncle is somewhat shorter
(fig. 4 e) than the two abdominal segments together and with 6 marginal spines ; rami long, as the exopod
is only somewhat shorter than the peduncle and somewhat or rather little longer than the endopod, which
is slender, 3-jointed, its first joint as long as the two distal joints combined, with 6 or 5 marginal spines in
the adult, 5 or 4 such spines in subadult specimens; second joint longer than the third and with 2, or in the
adult ], marginal spines. Telson not much shorter than the peduncle of the uropods; its slender part is con-
spicuously longer than the thickened proximal portion, with 5 pairs of lateral spines; the terminal spines
are longer and thicker than the lateral ones.

Length of the females with marsupium 6 mm.

Remarks. This interesting species is a typical Diastylis, excepting in having the pseudorostrum
extremely long, even proportionately longer than in any other species of the order.

Occurrence. Gathered by the "Ingolf" at two deep stations in the warm area.

The Ingolf Expedition. III. 6. 8

u \ IV

W [I9Q fath., temp - I numerous specimens

f., Long ^''Ji \\ i i ; ", fath., temp. 1.5 1 specimens

l>i;ixtylis Goodsiii Bell.
Bell Belcher's Last of the Arct. Voj Vol. II, p. 403, PI. XXXI\ q

11 1 Hansen, Dijmphna-Togtets zool.-bo1 Udbytte, p. 241, Tab XXII. Fig

s 5 n; Tab. XXIII
1 Sars, Account, III. p. 54, l'l XI. 1
Stebbing, I >as Tierr< ich, 19. Lie! 1

Occurrenct Taken l>y tin- "Ingolf" .it 3 stations.

Davis Strait: Stat..;.' Lai 61 N Long. 56°38' W., [18 fath., temp \.g . specimens,

Stat. ;v Lat. 65 t6 X. Long. 55°05' W [62 fath., temp 6 1 specimens,
South of Jan Mayen: St.it. 115: I. at. 70 30 X . Long. 8 29' \\ ith., temp, o.i ; r.2 specimens.

< trtmann and Ohlin recorded it from two localities in the mosl northern West Greenland, viz. Foulke

N | 15 — 20 lath., and Murchison Sound (ab I. at 77 ;o X 50 fath.
Furthermore it is known from tun places in Davis Strait, viz. I. at 66 45 X.. Long. 56 30' W.. ab.
fath K Stephensen), and I. at. *>s ;V X . Long 54 50' W., 80 lath. :II. J. Hansen); besides taken in
lefjord, Wes1 Greenland, at Lat. '»> 4V X.. 1 ; ; 14N fath.. and ah. <> miles further south in Skovfjord,
48 fath. | K. Stephensei
At Inland tin- species ha- been gathered a few times; on the north-western side it was taken )>y the
Thoi in 0nundar Fjord, 12 — o fath.; on the northern side bj Admiral Wandel in Ska^est rands Bugt,
110 fath.. temp. J o . and by tlie "Thor" off Husavik, 43 and 48 53 fath ; at the easl coasl by the "Thor"
in Rode Fjord, 74 fath. The Ilnd Amdrup-Expedition collected it at Jan Mayen. ca. 55 fath.. and at two
rreenland, viz. in Hurry Inlet. I, at. 70 50' XV. 7 0 fath.. 1 large females, and at ab, Lat.
;s 36' \\\. no fath., 1 large female, ohlin recorded it from four places at Easl Greenland
between I. at. 70 43' X.. and I. at. 74 10' X . depths 1 ; 21 to to6 fath.

Distribution. Taken at the north-western side <>l Norway, in Fjords near Tromso at ab. I. at
X . further north in Porsanger Fjord, and at the easl coast in Varanger Fjord at Vadso, ab. 60 fath
rom several places off Spitsbergen or in its Fjords or Sounds, ; | C25 fath. (G 0
lin, Zimmer); furthermore from Barents Sea, 148 fath., temp. 1 1 G. O Sars) and from 8 other
the same sea, 41 I th (Hoek). Stuxberg recorded it from Matotschkin Schar, 5 -15 and .',0— 70

fath.; in tin I ommon, taken in [6 to [0 fath. (Stuxberg, II. J. Hansen), and it has been found

in tl n Polar S twards to La1 76°52' N., Long. n6°o' E., 20 to 40 50 fath. (Stuxberg). Caiman

■ dons situated somewhat south-easl oi Cape Sable, Nova Scotia (al ab. I. at 13
northward- to 1 ;s' _. W . in depths from 70 to 218 fath Ohlin possessed it from the

6 : ith., and from three places at the east coasl ol Baffin Land
X to! N., 5 20 to 10 28 fath The type specimens were taken in Wellington

I. W.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 59

52. Diastylis polaris G. O. Sars.

1872. Diastylis polaris G. < >. Sars, Ofv. Kgl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh. Arg. 38, p. 797.

1872. stygia G. O. Sars, 1. c. p. 798.

1873. polaris G. O. Sars, Kgl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Ny Foljd, Bd. 11, no. 6, p. 4, Tan. I, Fig.

1—3-
1873. stygia G. O. Sars, I.e. p. 6, Tan. II, Fig. 4 — 7.

1887. G. O. Sars, Challenger Rep. Vol. XIX, II, p. 44, Pis. VI— VIII.

1901. polaris Ohlin, Bihang K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Bd. 26, IV, 110.12, p. 50.

1913. stygius and polaris, Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Fief. p. 100.

More than a year before* )hlin cancelled D. stygia as a synonym to D. polaris I had arrived at the same
result while determining the "Ingolf" material, viz. the specimens from Stat. 25 in the warm area and from
the stations in the cold area. I found that two or three oblique ruga? were always more or less developed on
the carapace, which is a character for D. polaris, while in females without marsupium and in immature males
(adult males are unknown) each of the three anterior free thoracic segments has in the median ventral line
a more or less developed denticle, and many, but not all, specimens have an erect, fine, spiniform denticle
above on the last thoracic segment, but both these features are according to Sars (in 1N72) characters for
1>. stygia. From Stat. 36 (1435 fath., in the warm area) three young specimens with the last pair of legs still
wanting were put aside for future study; these specimens are proportionately large, the largest measurint;
8 mm. in length, while specimens without last pair of legs from the cold area or from 582 fath. in the warm
area are only about 5.8 111111 long. When in rgig the present paper was worked out. the material was again
examined; I found that the young specimens from Stat. 36 have no vestige of oblique ruga- on the carapace
and agree on the whole well with Sars' first description of D. stygia, excepting in possessing not a single spine
but two spines in the median dorsal line of last thoracic segment, the first spine larger than the second, and
Sars describes two such spines in his "Challenger" specimens. According to Sars first pair of legs are shorter
in D. stygia than in 1>. polaris, and in the three specimens without rugre the carpus of these legs is rather far
from reaching the end of pseudorostrum — but in young specimens from the cold area with rugae but still
without last pair of legs, first legs show the same feature, because they are proportionately shorter in such
young than in subadult or adult specimens. — The result is that I must consider absence of ruga- in the young
specimens from Stat. 36 as mere variation, that I), polaris and I), stygia are the same species, which shows some
variation, partly individual, partly according to localities. If D. stygia shall be kept as a separate form, the
only character hitherto observed seems to be the absence of ruga? on the carapace — ami of the "Ingolf"
material only the specimens from Stat. 36 have no ruga;.

It may be mentioned that the Epicarid Cumoechus insigiiis H. J. H. was found in the marsupium
of specimens from the "Ingolf" Stat. 113 and 138.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at 12 stations.

Davis Strait: Stat. 25: Fat. 63-30' N., Fong. 54 25' V., 582 fath., temp. 3.3 ; 16 specimens, the

major part mutilated and young.

8*

\X, \ [V.

I i \\ i i , , fath . temp t.g [verj young

imens
\o N . Long, [5 i" \\ . (.95 1. all., temp "•> 1 specimen.
ml St.it. 102 1. , N . Long i" 26'W . 750 fath . temp o.g 5 spec-

imens.
St.it i"| I \ . Long ; 25' W., 957 fath., temp : 1.1 )-i">-

imens
Iceland Stat. [20 I. .it 67 29 N . Long. 11 32 \\ 885 fath., temp

imens
Sta1 tig I. .it 67°53 N. Long i<> i<, \\ . coio Fath temp. : t.o

specimens
South "i Jan Mayen: Stat. 118 La1 68 2 X . Loti \V . [060 Fath., temp, h 1.0 1 spec-

fC\ 0 imen.

Stat. 117: I. at ,69 1 ; n., Long 8°23'W., 1003 fath., temp. : t.o ; ro
^- ' specimi 1

Stat. 11 ; I. . N\, Long 7 06' W., i ;og Fath., temp. : t.o ; ab. 30

specimi
Stat. ti6: 1. at. 711 05' x.. I. on- 8 26 \Y . 171 fath., temp. : 0 t 1 spec-
imen.
North oi the Faroes Stat. 1 ;<, Lat.63 .;•> X.. lam-. 7 [0 W., 702 fath., temp. !-o.6 . 6 specimens.
Finally captured by the "Lightning" south-wesl "i the Faeroes I. at 60 ,;i X.. Long. 9 18' \V.. _>_>o
lath A M. Norman, and determined by him as 1>. polaris). S.u^ recorded l>. polaris from two places within
thr i, viz. Easl <>l Iceland: I. at. 65 5 3' X., Long. 7 [8'W., 1 1(>; latli.. temp. : 1.1 , and between

mil ami Ian Mayen: I. at. 69 2' X.. Long. 11 26'W., r.004 lath., temp. : 1.1 .

Distribution. Sat-' type of I), polaris was taken wesl "I X'orth Spitzbergen: I. at. 80 X.. Long

th.; his type of p. stygia was taken between Spitzbergen and Greenland at I. at. 78 X.. lam-.

W . and the depth was st at id to In.- 2(1110 fath., lmt < )hlin says that this is an exaggeration, as the greatest

depth 11 I by modern and exad methods in the so-called "Swedish depth" is 3200m., or ab [700 Danish

- the two above-named stations Sars recorded /' polaris from four and /'. stygia from three

ted in the cold area west oi Norwaj and furthei north to wesl oi Spitzbergen, between

\'., and I. at. jj 58 X . [50 to 1 ;.;.; fath. Ohhn recorded it from three places wesl and south-

reat depths, down to 1434 fath., temp. : [.3 to : i.| Sars mentioned D. stygia

.: i.f X.. Long. 65 45' W., off Nova Scotia, [340 lath.: Caiman records what he considers as

off tin- t oi tin- I'm Static between I. at |i 281 _, X and I. .it 37 _>VX\,

station with 146 fath. is with good reason suspected by Caiman as an en

acoupli of immature specimens from Lai 48 50' N., Long 11 <i W .
bu1 on "I two of features observed by him makes the determination somewhat

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 6 1

53. Diastylis scorpioides Lepechin.

17S0. Oniscus scorpioides Lepechin, Acta Acad. Sc. Imp. Petropol., 1778, vol. I, p. 148, Tab. 8, fig. 2. [teste

Stebbing].
1841. Cuma Edw'ardsii Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. B. Ill, p. 504, 531, Tab. V, Fig. 1 — 16.
184b. Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. Ny Raekke, B. II, p. 128, 207, Tab. I, Fig. 1, 1*, .;, 5,

9—14.
brevirostris Kroyer, I.e. p. 174, 208, Tab. II, Fig. 6 [<?].

1849. Edwardsii Kroyer, in Gaimard; Voy. en Scand., Crust., PI. IV, fig. 1, a — o.

brevirostris Kroyer, 1. e. PI. Y A, fig. 1, a — t. [<J].

Iicjoo. Diastylis scorpioides G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 58, PI. XLIV.

1911. Stappers, Camp. arct. Due. d'Orleans, Crust. Malac. p. 112, PI. IV, figs. 2 — 6,

11, 12.
1913. Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. 102.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at a single station.

Entrance of Brede Fjord, West Iceland: Stat. 86: Lat. 65°03'6N., Long. 2347'^ W., 76 fatli.,

1 specimen.

D. scorpioides is common at West Greenland. Ortmann recorded it from Barden Bay, 20 — 25 fath.,
and Robertson Bay, 5 — 15 fath., both places at ab. Lat. 77°3o' N., and besides from Granville Bay, ab. Lat.
77° N., 20 — 30 fath.; Ohlin mentioned it from Murchison Sound, ab. Lat. 77°3o' N., 50 fath.; Caiman from
Upernivik, Lat. 72 ''47' N., 13 fath. In 1888 the present author enumerated it from ten localities at or off
West Greenland between Lat. 71 cTo'N., and Lat. 63°35'N., depths from 8 — 10 to 200 fath. ; in 1890 Prof. Bergendal
secured it at two new localities, viz. Jakobshavn, Lat. 69°i3' N., 10 fath., and Egedesminde, Lat. 68°42' N.;
later K. Stephenseu recorded it from Nordre Stromfjord, ab. Lat. 67°4o' N., depths from 4 — 11 and down to
27 fath., and from Bredefjord, ab. Lat. 6o°45' N., together with the more southern Skovfjord, depths from
5 — 8 and down to 120 — 153 fath.

On the northern side of Iceland this species has been taken by "Beskytteren" in Skjalfandi, 21 fath.,
and by the "Thor" off Husavik, 42 — 53 fath.; on the east side of Iceland, by Dr. A. C. Johansen in Bakke
Fjord, 20 — 28 and 52 — 43 fath., and in Loons Yik, 40 fath. ; by Mag. R. Horring in Faskruds Fjord, 50 — 20 fath.

The Unci Amdrup Expedition secured it at Jan Mayen, 50 — 60 and 55 fath., — at this island it has
been taken by Prof. Nathorst in 7 — 11 and 12 fath. (Ohlin) — and in four places at East Greenland between
Lat. 69°3o'N., and Lat. 74°I7' N., viz. Cape Dalton, 9 — 11 fath.; Turner Sound, 3 fath.; Hurry Inlet, 10
fath. and 7 — o fath., finally Cape Borlase Warren, 10 fath. It is on the whole common at northern East Green-
land; in 1913 K. Stephensen puts together the statements published by Ohlin, H. J. Hansen and himself;
he enumerates ten places between Lat. jo°2j' N. and Lat. 76:45' N., and in most of these localities the depths
were between 1 and 10 fath., the greatest depth 18 — 32 fath.

Distribution. Found at several places in North Norway, going southwards to Salten Fjord,

ab. Lat. 67' 4 N. (G. O. Sars).1 Furthermore taken at some places on the east side of Spitzbergen, in 7 — 8

' In 1913 K. Stephensen wrote: "Helgoland (Ehrenbaum, i8y5)». Ehrenbaum has in his faunistic list (1S97) not D.
scorpioides, and it certainly does not live at Heligoland; an error must exist, but its origin may be difficult to trace.

inn i Ohlin) in tlie Murman at a number of places on the wesl

id m the straits to the Kai | 6 and down i" ;o 70 fath, (Stu\-

>t wards in the Sibirian Polai Sea to Long s,,1 , E . to to 50 fatli

corded by Sars, viz. from Jones Sound, La1 7(< -'< N L01 \ <>\ W .

81 and, Rice Strait; < >hlin possessed it from three places i>n the east coasl ol Baffin Land

N and I. at to and down to to 28 fath Caiman records it from near

ind from off Newfoundland, I. at N . 206 fath

Thus I ' ; an arctic species, which generally has been taken in -hallow water, but sometimes

in 50 to 150 fath., and the greatest depth recorded 1- 206 fath,

54. Diastylis spinulosa Hellei

■ Hellei Denkschr, .Math Nat. Classe Akad. Wissensch. in Wien, B. XXXV,

p. 28, Tat. I. Fig s

G. 0 Sars, Norw. North.-Atl. Exp. Crusl I. p 61, Pi. VII, figs 1 — 4.

spinulosa G 0 Sars, Account, III. p. 55, l'l. XI.II

Ohlin, Bihang K. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Bd. 26, IV. no. i-\ p. 47. PI. VI, figs

10 a — d.
spinulosus Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief., p. 94

urrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at two stations.
Davis Strait: Stat. 3] I. at 66 ;V N., Long. 55 54' W., <s.s lath., temp. 1.6 , 1 specimen.
East <it Iceland: Stat. 101: Lat. 66 23 N., Long. 12 05'W., 537 fath., temp. 0.7 1 specimen.
It has ln.-t.-n recorded from Murchison Sound, West Greenland, 50 fath 1 >1 ! and from four places
enland in Baffin Bay and Davis Strait between I. at. 71 10' N and Lat. 65 11 N II J. Hansen;
K Stephensen). The Ilnd Amdrup-Expedition secured it two times at East Greenland, vi/.. north of Stewart
Land, ali Lat. 70 ;o N [58 fath., and a1 ab I. at 74°28' N., Long. 15 36 \Y.. 1 10 fath. ; Ohlin recorded it
Hum- Inlel - 01 sb) Sound. I..i1 70 1, N 37 lath.
Distribution. At Norway taken only in Porsangei Fjord and Varangei Fjord, thus the most
northern and north-eastern Fjords, in about coo fathoms. G.O Sars Sars recorded it from a station some-
it north-i I. at 70°36' N., Long. ;2 ;s E., 148 fath., temp 1 '1 ; and from a more northern
•'atioi 25 N . Lon , E., [97 fath., temp. 2.2 . Ohlin recorded it from Lat. 77, 27' X . Long
:i 1 tth., ten It has been taken seven times at both sides of Spitzbergen, northwards

om 5 to 231 fath Zimmer, Ohhn, G 0 Sars furthermore five times in Barents

1 and 15 [8 E., [20 to 220 lath, (Hoek) ; between Franz Joseph Land and

Heller); in Matotschkin Schar from 5 15 and down to 30 70 fath. (Stuxberg in the Kara

11 1 Hansen), and somewhal more eastwards in the Polai Sea to ab. Long

Finally it has been recorded by l >hlin from the east side of Baffin Land:

When Lo Bianco records it from the Mediterranean, it musl

.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 63

55. Diastylis echinata Bate.

E865. Diastylis echinata Bate, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 3, Vol. XV, p. 81, PI. I, fig. r.
1 [909. G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 57, PI. XPIII.

1913. echinatus Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Fief, p. 104.

It may be mentioned that the Epicarid Cumoechus insignis PI. J. IP was found in the marsupium of
two specimens from Pat. 6i°07' N., Pong. 9°3o' \Y.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at two stations.

Davis Strait: Stat. 32: Pat. 66°35' N., Pong. 56c3cS' W., 318 fath., temp. 3. 90; 3 specimens.
Stat. 25: Pat. 6 3 30' N., Pong. 54°25' W., 582 fath., temp. 3.3 ; 3 specimens.

Besides captured by the "Thor" at 3 places within the "Ingolf" area.

South of Iceland: Pat. 63 '15' N., Pong. 22°23' W., 114 — 172 fath.; 1 specimen.

South-West of the Faeroes: Pat. 61 15' N., Pong. 9°35' W., 463 — 515 fath.; 38 specimens.

Pat. 6i°07' N., Pong. 9°3o' W., 443 fath.; iq specimens.

Distribution. Taken some few times in Skager Rak in depths from no to 350 fath. (Meinert,
H. J. Hansen). At Norway distributed along the coast from Christiania Fjord to Hasvig in West Finmark,
100 to 417 fath. (G. O. Sars). Zimmer recorded it from north of Spitzbergen, Pat. <Si°2o' N., Pong. 20°3o' E . .
531 fath., which is somewhat surprising. Sars recorded it from off Norway in the cold area at two stations,
viz. Pat. 66°4i'N., Pong. 6°59' E., 350 fath., temp. ~ 0.90, and Pat. 63°io' N., Pong. 5°o' E., 417 fath.,
temp, -h 1.0°; Bates' type was taken off Shetland, and Norman recorded it from a place south-east of the
Faeroes: Pat. 6ouio' N., Pong. 5°59' W., 550 fath.; Caiman mentions it from a place west of Ireland, 199
fath.1

56. Diastylis longicaudata Bonnier.
(PI. IV, tig. 5a).

11896. Leptostylis longicaudata Bonnier, Ann. l'Univers. Pyon, vol. XXVI, p. 557, PL XXX, fig. 2 a — o.
1913. Adiastylis longicaudatus Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Diet'., p. 115.

Bonnier established this species on an immature female a little less than 10 mm. long. Three specimens
from a single locality I refer to this form, though they differ in some particulars from his description. The
two largest specimens are females with the marsupium half developed and measuring 8.1 mm.

The carapace agrees in outline completely with Bonnier 's figure, and it is, as described by him,
studded with innumerable denticles which, for the rest, differ considerably in size; the anterior half of the
lateral margin behind pseudorostrum is finely serrated with obtuse teeth, and this serration is partly indicated
in Bonnier's figure. The shape of the thoracic segments and abdomen, the antennulie, the third pair of
maxillipeds with a thick spine on the lower side of merus, the small but very distinct, biarticulated exopods

1 In oFanna Arctica Zimmer refers D.spinosa Norman (1869) as a synonym to D. echinata, which is wrong {D. spinosa
is the male of D. Ralhkii), but the result is, that in his list of distribution the reference to Norman 111 1S119 and to Metzger,
Mobius and Ehrenbaum on the occurrence of D. echinata in the North Sea must be cancelled. That Zimmer's statement: ndanische
Gewasser, 550 F. (Norman 1894).! is wrong is easily seen, as no such depth is to be found near Denmark, but he has design-
ated Norman's locality, the Faeroe Channel, as danische Gewasser.

KA IV

tly with Bonnier Bui the differences in various minor features

tion 01 figun anj spine on the uppei -mi a. e >>i the free thora< ic segments,

gments are "inermes"; in my two largesl specimens the last thoi

median dorsal denticle, and some small d< nti< li are] I on the uppei side <>i the

e two, anterior abdominal segments. 2) ' ta tin- distal joints in firsl pail "i lej ■ Bonnier

"le il lite, mi peu plus long que le propodite", and tliis agrees with In- fig. 2 »/. 1 »vi t in tin- single

i in my specimens the dactylus, measured by micrometer, is a little shortei than tin- propodus;

it may be added that in Sars Account the dactylus in tin- forms belonging to this family i- never longei ami

|uently distinctly >>i considerably shorter than the propodus, and therefore I Mi]i|m-.c thai Bonnier's

ment is due t<> a casual variation or anomaly in his specimen. 3) In one of my specimens the telson has

1 minute teeth on the proximal thud "i tin- lateral margin, hut in the other specimen such teeth are

discernible; in Bonnier's figure the telson ha- no lateral teeth. 4) Finally the French author says

that tin.- peduncle <>t the uropods ha- 7 spines on the distal halt' of the inner margin, hut in a specimen I found

mi that niacin i 3 "i 1 | small spines -nine of spines are Inst . hut their places <>| insertion distinct : (the rami

are unfortunately mutilated or losl in my specimens) The differences pointed out between Bonnier's

representation and my animals are scarcely <>i specific value, hut onbj variation.

Occurrence Not taken by the "Ingolf", hut by the "Thor" at a single station.
South-West of the Faeroes I. at . 6i [5'N., Long. Q°35' W., 463 sis lath, 3 specimens
Distribution. The type was taken in the l'.a\ oi Biscay: I. at. 44 \6' N., lam-. | 25' W., .',45
fath. (Bonnii

57. Diastylis armata Norman.

.lis armata Norman. Ann. Mag. Nat. Ili-t. Ser. s. Vol. III. p. 64.
uniuitits Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. 95.

this e\4dently rather characteristic species only the type specimen is known.
urrence. The single specimen was taken by the "Valorous" at the entrance ol Davis Strait,
N Long 5o°25' W., 1750 lath (Norman).

Makrocylindrus Stebbing.

This Wished in [912, and M. fragilis Stebb. from off (.'ape Natal may he con-

The only distinctive character between Wakrocylindi us and some spe< ies "i Diastylis

the telson ha- no lateral spines on the narrow and rather shorl distal part, hut only the normal two

ram Stebbing tion oi 1/ fragilis Zimmer points oul another and more important

rkable reduction oi the basal fan oi second maxillipeds in adult female-.

■ known whethei this reduction 1- found in females of the other forms

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 65

< )ur knowledge of the 3 or 4 European species of Makrocylindrus, viz. M . serricauda Th. Seott, M .
dubius Bonn., M. Josephines G. O. S. (and M . erinaceus G. O. S.), together with Didstylis longicaudata Bonn.,
D. longipes G. O. S., D. costata Bonn, and /). armata Norm, is insufficient. These animals, which all have the
thick part of the telson long and cylindrical, the narrow part rather short with three pairs of lateral spines
or without spines, are not common, their integument is fragile and consequently damaged, they are more or
less spiniferous, and this armature shows some variation; adult females have not been dissected and adult
males are unknown. Under these circumstances it is sometimes not possible to refer specimens with certainty
to species already described, or in even' case to establish an absolutely valid new species, and the reference
of species to a genus as Makrocylindrus must be provisional, as its diagnosis ought to be revised.

The material from our area comprises one of the species referred by Stebbing to Makrocylindrus,
and besides a few specimens of a species which may be considered as new ; this new species differs materially
from Stebbing's diagnosis of the genus in possessing 3 pairs of dorsal spines on the distal part of telson,
but as it in the shape of the carapace, the uropods, etc. seems to be related to the South African M. fragilis,
it is provisionally referred to the present genus.

58. Makrocylindrus Josephinae G. O. Sars.
1871. Diastylis Josephines G. O. Sars, Ofv. Kgl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh. Arg. $j, p. yy.
11871. 0. (). Sars, Kgl. Sv. Vet.-Akad. Handl. Ny Foljd, Bd. 9, no. 13, p. 36, Tail. XV,

Fig. 72—74.
1905. Caiman, Fisheries, Ireland, Sci. Invest., 1904, I, p. 44.

1913. Makrocylindrus JosephincB Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. 120.

< )l this species I have examined 3 specimens, one from the "Ingolf" area, the others from more southern
localities. In two females without marsupium somewhat more than the proximal half of the thick part of
telson is serrated on the sides, in a female with marsupium half developed the saw-teeth on the sides are
very small ; in all three specimens the narrow part of the telson is completely smooth, while about the proximal
half of the thick part is serrated in the ventral median line. : — Caiman (1. c.) mentions variation according
to age in uropods and telson ; on the uropods I can say nothing, but his remarks on the telson may possibly
indicate that he, as suggested by Stebbing, did not separate it from M . serricauda Th. Scott.

Occurrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf", but by the "Thor" at a single locality.

South-West of the Faeroes: Fat. 6i°i5' N., Long. 9°35' W., 463 — 515 fath. ; 1 specimen (imm. ,).

Distribution. Norman (1879) recorded it from Fat. 67°7' N., Long. 521' W., 500 fath., a station
near the polar circle in the cold area, wherefore I suppose that there is a misprint in the latitude 670 instead
of 6o°N., and this would agree better with the other stations from the "Lightning"- Fxpedition. The same
author recorded it from the sea in the triangle: the Faeroes — Shetland — the Hebrides, 344 to 542 fath., and
from a point far south-west of Ireland, 725 fath. ; the "Thor" captured a specimen not far from the last-named
place, 674 — 624 fath. (Stephensen). Caiman records it from west of Ireland, 199 to 454 fath., in 1910 from
three places in the southern part of the Bay of Biscay and from one place south-west of Fissabon, depths
from 196 to 718 fath. ; Sars' type was taken south-west of Fissabon at Fat. 38 m1 .,' N., Long. 9°25' W., 750 fath.

The Ingolf Expedition 111. 6. ,,

U \ IV

Makrocylindrua Bpiniventris n. sp

l'l ]\ I '..l

ide the carapace, no1 including the considerably produced

from above ii is rather oblong-oval. The oculai lobe withoul

inien with a single large -pine, in anothei with .1 pail oi similai large spines

■ I much forwards. Behind the oculai lobe the carapace has .1 transverse, sattle-shaped

• ■in the sii jusl behind the oculai lobe there is a smaller,

1 1 ii ml th rge and thick, procurved spine. The uppei margin oi pseudorostrum is anteriorly

mch downwards, so that the end is rather obtuse, and a little behind this end a pair i>t dorsal, lai

- and fit ><i- behind these two minute denticles, are found. Pseudorostrum has besides on the

■ ular lobe two or three large and thick spines, and below the sattled-shaped depression and

• ■ on backwards the lateral surface has a good number <>i somewhal small to minute denticles

ularly dispersed; ln-hind the base of the antennae the lower margin has 4 long and robust teeth, and

In-hind them a few minute teeth. The free tho gments smooth; third and fourth segments completely

': without any suture between them' above and half downw ards the- sides l The abdominal segments

inert- a si- in length from the second to the fifth, which is about as long as the sixth. First segment has below

in tin- median line 3 very long, spiniiorm teeth rather near each other at their base but diverging strongly,

and somewhat behind them a rather small tooth directed much backwards 111 the figure indicated as seen

through the leg); the same segment has, besides, between the up] ce and the side 2 or [spines the

terior on< ; nent with a pan oi robust sublateral denticles; the following segments show

individual variation, as in one specimen they have no denticle, while in another specimen of the same

third and fourth segments have a similar pair oi sublateral denticles, .ux] fifth segment 3 pairs of sublateral

-terior pair robust.

Antennu long; in the peduncle first joint ha- a Ion-, spiniform process below at the end;

nd joint, which : beyond pseudorostrum, is a little less than twice as long a- tir-t joint and more

- the third; the upper fiagellum scarcelj a- Ion- as second peduncular joint, 4-jointed,

with the 3 proximal joint- subequal; lower fiagellum somewhat longer than first joint of the upper, 3-jointed,

hut third joint \ ery short. Firsl pair of legs broken at the end i >i se< i md joint , w hich i- very rolmst

wit! mg teeth on the lower side. The three posterior pairs of legs have a single tooth or a couple

on the proximal pari oi the anterior or posterior margin oi second joint ; merus of third and fourth

ited, lmt 1101 fully half a- lo in a- the three distal joint- together, and

with a tiny rudir n exopod terminating in a -eta. this rudiment i- so -mall that on

render it proportionately too large Uropods fig 6 d) somewhat short and

■ • the anal door- oi the telson and ha- =, 7 spines on it- inner margin;

ely two-fifths as long as the peduncle, with 7 spines on the distal half of its

rl with 3 marginal spines 'third joint mutilated in m\ specimens); the

ether of the endopod. Telson fig 6 d, and t) very long,

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA IV. 6j

a little longer than the two posterior abdominal segments combined, with slightly more than its proximal
two-thirds cylindrical and no vestige of lateral teeth on this part ; the distal part much narroved towards
the end which terminates in two short spines, while on the dorsal side of the telson before its end 3 pairs of
sublateral spines are inserted, and the posterior pair of these spines longer than the terminal pair.

Length of two females without marsupiuin 7 — 7.1 mm.

Remarks. M. spiniventris agrees with Diastylofsis (?) dubia Bonnier in having third and fourth
thoracic segments completely fused, in general outline, etc., but it differs in having the transverse sattle-
shaped depression on the carapace, in the spines on the anterior part of carapace with pseudorostrum, in the
relative length of the joints in the antennular peduncle and the armature of its first joint, in the upper anten-
nular flagellum, in the extreme reduction of the exopods on third and fourth pairs of legs, in the armature of
first abdominal segment, in haying no lateral serration on the proximal part of telson, while its terminal
part has 3 pairs of dorsal spines, finally in the number of spines on the endopod of the uropods. — M. spini-
ventris agrees more with Diastylis longipes G. O. S. as figured and described by G. O. Sars and Bonnier, and
in spite of several differences I should have considered my animals as younger specimens of the last named
species, if both Sars and especially Bonnier had not most distinctly figured third and fourth thoracic segments
as well separated respectively by a suture and an articulation across the dorsal side; it may, for the rest, be
added that there is such differences between Sars' representation of the immature male and Bonnier's descrip-
tion and figures of the immature female of D.lon^ipcs, that it does not seem unthinkable that the two authors
have examined animals of different species.

In the remarks on Makrocylindrus (p. 65) I have said why I refer the new form to this genus.

Occurrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf", but by the "Thor" at a single station.

South-West of. the Faeroes: Lat. 6i°i5' N., Long. 9°35' W., 463 — 515 fath. ; 3 immature females.

Diastyloides G. o. Sars.

Of the two species hitherto known at least one and probably both live within the "Ingolf" area,
but have not yet been found there, while a third, undescribed form has been gathered.

60. Diastyloides scabra n. sp.
(PI .IV, fig. 7 a).

Adult Female. The single specimen is somewhat mutilated with a part of the carapace broken,
but the species can easily be made recognizable. Carapace as to general outline, shape of pseudorostrum, and
serration on a little more than half of the lower margin as in D. biplicata G. O. S., but it has no vestige of
dorso-lateral keels or plicae, and its surface is scabrous, covered with distinct sharp granules ; almost the post-
erior half of the lower margin is not serrated but seen from below crenulated. Postero-lateral angles of last
thoracic segment produced into an acute point. The two anterior abdominal segments each with a pair of
sublateral denticles near the posterior margin. Abdomen slender; fifth segment long, nearly as long as second
and third segments together, and twice as long as the sixth segment.

9*

I\

■ with most of th< teeth on the inner margin less developed
M. ill teeth a1 the end ol the innei margin o
un.l in / and D biplicala; ischium with ;i small, slendei tooth

ind about as long as the distal joints togetl LIropod

than the t\\" 01 abdominal segments combined, with about 8 spines

shorter than the peduncle, its firsl joinl somewhal less than twice
nts combined, with ; spines on the inner margin; second joint conspicuous!)
the third, with 2 spines; third joint with the long terminal spine and a small spine neai the end;
listim tlv beyond the second joinl of the endopod, Ti Isoi «- long as the exopod

thickened pari i- short, while more than its distal bali is very slender, with \ paii
thei distant from each other; the terminal spines lost in the spei imen.
_ih oi the adult female 5.1 mm.
Remarks. /' scabra is instantly separated from D. biplicala in having no plies on the carap

n having the distal part of the telson much longer and more slender, and by the proportionately
.1 oi the urop It may be remarked that I have not examined the mandibles oi the single

imen, but the antennae agree with those in Diastyloid.es serrata; besides telson, uropods, shape ol caraj
• • relationship to D biplit ata.

urrence Not taken l>y the "Ingolf", but by the "Thor" at a single station.
ith-West ol the Faroes: I. at. 6] 07' X . Long. 9 30' W., 44.: lath.; 1 female with marsupium.

Brachydiastylis Stebbing.

This genus was established on a single species of Diastylis ol somewhat aberranl aspeel D resima
Ki Amen- the material to hand 1- the adult female ol another species, which is allied to B resima, bu1 posses-
still highi most oi the peculiar features which separate the last-named form from the spe<

Consequently it may be justified to keep the two species in a separate genus which may be
nguished by the following diagnosis.

udorostrum, which is long and somewhat or much upturned, has at leasl in the female several

ong the lower margin and anteriorly upwards on the sides and above behind the end. Anten-

■ h the two proximal joints ol the peduncle thick and short : third joint elongated, with a row of plum*

upper flagellum 4-jointed, the lower 3-jointed. In the female third and fourth segments are immovablj

I, and there 1- a considerable distance between the insertion oi second and third pan- ol : ond

uale unusually short, not hall as long as the first pair; in the male1 second legs are anomal-

int much expand pus elongated and much longei than in the female, propodus

■ from the end. Third and fourth pairs oi legs extremely robusl and " a>\

■ I very thick setse on the short and broad carpus; third legs with a long, spiniform

bul in"--! probabh second legs are in the male ol B.nimia n. sp built as in

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. ' " I

process on the anterior margin of second joint towards the end. Uropods with the exopod elongated, much
or very much longer than the endopod, and terminating in an extremely long seta. - - The other features
as in Diastylis.

61. Brachydiastylis resima Kroyer.

1846. Cuma resima Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. Ny Rsekke, B. II, p. 165, 206, Tab. II, Fig. 2 a — b.

1849. Kroyer, in Gaimard, Voy. en Scand., Crust. PI. Ill, fig. 1, a — p.

! 1900. Diastylopsis resima G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 65, PI. XBYII

1913. Brachydiastylis resimus Stebbing, Das Tierreich, jg. Lief. p. 107.

It may be remarked that Sars has not mentioned or figured the long, spjniform process on the anterior
margin of second joint of third legs in the female; the process has the same size and shape as in B. nimia
(shown in fig. S f on PI. IV). Besides on Sars' figures the inner terminal seta on the exopod of the uropods
is far too short ; it is in reality longer than the exopod.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at a single locality.

North-West Iceland: Dyre Fjord, 20 fath. ; about 10 specimens.

According to Kroyer a couple of specimens w:ere secured by Holboll at "the southern Greenland ',
most probably Godthaab, Lat. 64 n'N. In 1900 Prof. Bergendal gathered 2 specimens at Jacobshavn,
West Greenland at Bat. 69 13' N. A large number of specimens have been secured by Mag. W. Bundbeck
at the north-west side of Iceland in ( (nundar Fjord, 1 1 — 12 fath. ; at the east coast of Iceland it has been taken
three times, viz. in Bakke Fjord, 12 — 15 fath., and Breiddals Vik, 6 fath., by Dr. A. C. Johansen; in Faskruds
Fjord, 50 — 20 fath., by Mag. R. Horring. At East Greenland it has been found in three localities, viz. by the
Ryder Expedition in Hekla Havn, Bat. 70°27'N., and by the Ilnd Amdrup Expedition at Cape Dalton,
ab. Bat. 69°3o' N., 9 — 11 fath., and off Hurry Inlet, Bat. 70°5o' N., 20 fath.

Distribution. Taken several times in the eastern part of Kattegat, 12 to 23 fath., and three times
in Skager Rak off Skagen. 70 and no fath. (Meinert, H. J. Hansen, Bjorck). Found in several places at the
coast of Norway to Yaranger Fjord, generally in 6 to 20 fath. (G. O. Sars). Furthermore taken in Advent
Bay, West Spitzbergen, at Bat. 7$ 16' N., 60 fath. (G. O. Sars), at the west coast of Novaya Zemlya near
Bat. 73° N., 6 — 10 fath., in Matotschkin Schar, 4 — 6 fath., and in the Kara Sea, 10 fath. (Stuxberg). Taken
off Fair Island, north-east of Scotland (Th. Scott). Ohlin records it from the east coast of Baffin Band,
Bat. 72"3<S' N., 12 — 16 fath. ; Caiman had it from a station off Nova Scotia at Bat. 45 04' N., 57 fath.

62. Brachydiastylis nimia n. sp.
(PI. IV, figs. 8 a— 8g).

Adult Female. Cephalothorax seen from above (fig. 8 a) rather oblong, not including pseudoro-
strum twice as long as broad, with the major part of each lateral margin from outside the ocular lobe to the
posterior end of third segment very feebly convex, and the lateral margins diverge feebly from off the
ocular lobe to near the end of third segment. Seen from the side (fig. 8 c) the carapace with pseudorostrum
is a little more than twice as long as deep, and the upper margin of pseudorostrum occupies somewhat more

M ILACi >STH u \ IV

ehind the oculai lobe .1 few dentil and below these

les; the anterolateral cornel below the base i>t the antennula
cute process; from this process the lower margin i- sen
irlj the anterior hall ol the saw-teeth are somewhat long and strong,
liddle to iK-.ir the posterior end oi the margin thej are gradually smaller Pseudorostrum
upturned, with i lu- upper margin slight!} sinuate, the lower margin posteriorly a little con-
in has i "i s rather long, plumose setae, while ; 01 \ parti) still Ion are situated
th< side and above jusl behind the obtuse end. The Free thoracic segments longer than
without pseudorostrum; a distind suture is observed between third and fourth segments on the
Abdomen somewhal slendei and ol middle length fifth segment slightly longei than the sixth.
Antennula figs 8b and s c) long; the peduncle reaches beyond the end ol pseudorostrum; upper
elluni nearly as long as third peduncular joint; lower flagelrum as long i I joinl ol the upper. First
il moderate length as in B.resima; second joinl (fig sd on the inner side with one very long,
spiniform process, two teeth and some minute denticles; exopod with half of the miter margin ol the long
:imal joint serrated Se< ond p: \ s e) proportionately very short . second joint with two good-
>ses and a few minute denticles on the inner margin; carpus only a little longer than the propodus,
which is as ' the dactylus. Third pair (fig s ; very robust; second joint with a long, strong, acute,
a little curved, spiniform process on the anterior margin near the end; merus more than twice as long as the
rpus, which has 7 very thick seta- on the convex posterioi upper) margin; propodus small
with 1 similar seta. Fourth legs in the main as third pair, though somewhat shorter and still more robust, but
without any process on second joint ; fifth legs considerably smaller than the preceding pair, but rather similar
in structure. Uropods figs 8a and 8 g) onlj a little shorter than the-six abdominal segments together;
peduncle shghtly longer than the two posterior segments combined, without spines, hut with a lew hairs
cially on the outer margin; exopod even somewhat longer than the peduncle, with the inner terminal
'liiu and onl) a little shorter than exopod and peduncle together, while the outer terminal seta i- consider-
ably shorter; the exopod i- about three and a half times a Ion- as the endopod, which consequently look-
nearly rudimentary, i- 3-jointed, terminate- in a rather Ion- spine and has _• spines on the inner margin,
bout two-third- a- Ion- a- the peduncle ol tin uropods, with the part behind the anal valves con-
uoush shorter than the proximal part ; this narrow part terminates in two long, pubescent spines, but the
no spines, only some 3 pair- ol hairs, and the di-tal pair i- somewhat long and robust

•ou- female ; 6 mm
/.'. nimia, though allied to /;. rcsima, differs in the outline of the carapace and especially
1 direction of pseudorostrum. Besides the uropods with their extremely Ion- exopod and verj
ry inten ford ai ellent ■ ter

• ' ken by the "Ingolf", but by the Ilnd Amdrup-Expedition in a single locality.
North of Si> i and, ab. J, at. 70 30' X .. [58 fath. (29 VII, [900 . z ovigerous

female-.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. ; I

Leptostyl'lS G. O. Sars.

Of this characteristic genus 4 species have been gathered in the "Ingolf" area; 1 among them is
new to science.

63. Leptostylis longimana G. O. Sars.

1865. Diastylis longimana G. O. Sars, Forh. Yid. Selsk. Christiania for 1864, p. 173.
Iigoo. Leptostylis — G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 68, PI. XLA'III.
1913. longimanus Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief, p. 127.

Sars says (in 1900) that the carapace is only clothed with scattered small hairs; I have found some
individual difference as to the number of such hairs, which vary from being present in a moderately good
number (from Stat. 27) to very few or perhaps nearly none. In the most hairy specimen the characteristic
uropods are completely as in typical specimens from the North Sea. It may be remarked that in different
genera of Cumacea (f. inst. Eudorella and Diastylis) a low or a somewhat higher number of hairs on carapace
(or abdomen) does not as a rule afford a specific character; perhaps hairs are frequently broken at the base
and lost.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at 7 stations.

Davis Strait: Stat. 27: Lat. 64°54' N., Long. 55°io' W., 393 fath., temp. 3. 8°; 1 specimen.

Denmark Strait: Stat. 91 : Lat. 64:44' N., Long. 3i°oo' W., 1236 fath., temp. 3.1"; 1 specimen.

East of Iceland: Stat. 105: Lat. 65°34' N., Long. 7°3i' W.. 762 fath., temp. H-0.80; 1 specimen.
Stat. 102: Lat. 66°23' N., Long. io°26' W., 750 fath., temp. -^0.9°; 2 specimens.
Stat. 103: Lat. 66°23' N., Long. 8°52' W., 579 fath., temp. -ho. 6°; 1 specimen.

North-West of the Faroes: Stat. 138: Lat. 63°26' N., Long. y^6' W., 471 fath., temp. -ho.6°; 1

specimen.
Stat. 139: Lat. 63°36' N., Long. 7°3o' W., 702 fath., temp. -ho. 6°; 4

specimens.

Distribution. Taken a single time in northern Kattegat, 30 fath., and several times in Skager
Rak in depths from 70 to 350 fath. (Meinert, H. J. Hansen). At Norway taken at the south and west coast
from near Christiania to Lofoten, "generally" in depths from 30 to 100 fath. (G. O. Sars). Caiman records
it from west of Ireland, 199 and 382 fath. ; S. I. Smith wrote that "a single female, apparently of this species,
was dredged in Casco Bay".

It may be remarked that the bathymetrical distribution of this species and its occurrence both in
the warm and the cold deep-sea area is rather interesting, especially as it has also been taken both in Kattegat
and at Norway in a depth of only 30 fathoms.

In a female with marsupium from the "Ingolf" Stat. 138 a probably new species of Homoeoscelis
(a genus of parasitic Copepoda of the family Choniostomatida;) is found in the branchial cavities.

U A 1\

i eptost] lis grandia n sp

l'l !\

rather deep and long, more than twice as long as the dorsal side ol

small number <>t hair- seen from the side the outline oi the cephalothoi

male / .is figured 1>\ Sars, but seen from above it is narrower, more oblong-

• -.aiii is moderately protruding, with the dorsal line horizontal, and the margin below the

thus constituting a feeble antenna! notch and se1 with several quadrangular

I behind this notch the anterior half of the loweT margin ol the carapace is closely serrated

with triangular teeth. Postero-lateral comer of fifth free segment angular, bul not produced. Abdomen

lender and very long, a little less than halt gain as cephalothorax .1- the latter is 1.5 nun.

wink- the abdomen with telson issmm. long; fifthsegment very long, much longer than the fourth and

full) - the sixth

The antennular peduncles consist of three thick joints, but the terminal joint has not obtained the

brush of senson filaments; the Qagella in this transition-stage afford scarcely any character. First pair ol

mutilated second joinl below on the distal part with a row of about 8 teeth. Second pair of legs with

md joint as long as merus and carpus together; carpus consequently rather elongated, as long as dac-

tylus phis half of the propodus. Uropods (fig. <»a) long; peduncle somewhat shorter than the two

rioi abdominal segments together, somewhal less than twice as long as the endopod and twice as long

copod, with 15 id spines on the inner margin; first joint of the endopod a little shorter than the

two other joints together, with 3 a spines on the inner margin, second joinl slightly longer than the third,

with a single spine; the exopod reaches the middle of third joint of the endopod. Telson nearly twice as

■ rminal spines shorter than usual, only half as long as the breadth of telson; besides 2

lateral spines on the mosl distal part of telson

Length ol the subadult male 8.5 mm.

Remarks. /.. grandis is considerably larger than any other species of this genus from the northern
hemisphere. In general outline, length of abdomen, existenceol teeth on the lower side of second joint ol first
in relative length of the joints in second legs it is closely allied to /.. macrura G. O. S., but it differs
in the relative length of the joints in the endopod of the uropods and in the numbei ol spines on the telson

Taken by the "Ingolf" at a single very deep station in the warm area
Stat [6 I. at 61 50 N., Long 56°2i' W., 1435 fath., temp. 1.5 ; 1 subadult and 1 very

young male

65. Leptostylis ampullacea Lilljeb.

1 ampullacea I.il! ifv K Sv. Vet.-Akad. Forh. Tolfte Arg . t [855, p [20

ampull • •- Account, III. p. 70, PI. I., fig 1

Stebbing, has Tierreich, 39. Lief., p. 124.

Taken by 1 I olf" at a single station

\ Long 20 05' W., 44 fath., temp 5.6 I specimen.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 73

Dr. A. C. Johansen has gathered this species in two places at the east coast of Iceland, viz. in Bakke
Fjord, 25—32 fath., and 43 — 52 fath., and in Breiddals Yik, 6 fath. ; Dr. Th. Mortensen captured it at the
Faeroes 6 miles north-west of Kalso. 60 fath.

Distribution. Taken several times in eastern Kattegat and the northern part of the Sound.
rare in south-west Kattegat and the northern part of Store Belt: depths generally 14 — 16, but varying from
8 to 30 — 35 fath. (Meinert, H. J. Hansen). According to G. O. Sars found along the whole coast of Norway
from Christiania Fjord to Yadso, 30 to 100 fath. ; Norman wrote that he captured it in Throndhjems Fjord,
250 — 300 fath., a depth which seems to be somewhat doubtful. Norman records if from off CO. Durham, 40
fath.; finally it has been found in the Gulf of Maine, 52 — 90 fath. (S. I. Smith).

66. Leptostylis villosa G. O. Sars.

1869. Leptostylis villosa G. O. Sars, Nyt Mag. for Naturv. 16. B., p. 344.
Iigoo. — G. O. Sars, Account, III, p. 71, PI. L, fig. 2.

1913. villosus Stebbing, Das Tierreich, 39. Lief. p. 125.

Probably L. gracilis Stapp. and L. borealis Stapp., established respectively on adult males and on
immature females captured partly in the same localities at the south coast of Novaya Zemlya, are synonyms
to L. villosa G. O. S. — Stappers established both species in 1908, and his full account is found in Camp. arct.
Due d'Orleans, Crust. Malac, 1911, p. 116 and 120, Pis. V — VI, figs. 1 — 10; PI. VII. Unfortunately Stappers
does not mention any serration on the lower margin of the carapace, and his figures show no trace of saw-
teeth, which certainly is erroneous, and in the present case it is especially unfortunate, because L. villosa,
as pointed out and figured by Sars, is distinguished in having nearly the whole lower margin of the carapace
adorned with very peculiarly formed, lamellar teeth. According to my own observation L. villosa shows
some individual variation in the relative length of the exopod of the uropods, which sometimes is not much
longer than the two proximal joints together of the endopod, sometimes reaches the middle of third joint ;
Stappers' figures of the uropods in his two species agree rather well with these appendages in L. villosa. Sars
says that the two anterior free thoracic segments exhibit a structure as in L. ampullacea, viz. "each having the
anterior edge emarginated in the middle, and forming on each side of the emargination a slight appressed
lappet." This peculiar structure is well developed in adult females of L. villosa (as figured by Sars), but in
females with the marsupium half developed the lappets are very feebly developed, and in females without
marsupium and in males lappets are indistinct or wanting — consequently the absence of lappets in Stappers'
specimens does not afford a specific character.

Occurrence. Taken by the "Ingolf" at 4 stations.

Davis Strait: Stat. 32: Bat. 66°35' N., Long. 56°38'W., 318 fath., temp. 3.90; 1 specimen.

North of Iceland: Stat. 128; Lat. 66°5o' N., Long. 20°o2"W., 194 fath., temp. o.6°; 4 specimens.

Stat. 126: Lat. 67°iq' N., Long. i5°52' W., 293 fath., temp. ^-0.5°; 1 specimen.

North-Yvest of the Faeroes: Stat. 138: Lat. 63°26' N., Long. 7°56' W., 471 fath., temp. ~ 0.6"; 2 specimens.

The "Thor" captured this species at 3 stations.

The logolf-Kxpedition. III. 6.

&

■ •.; '. rRACA. I\

•A . Bo fath. hundreds ol specirti
I. .it : ■ ■ . \\" . i i i i ;-' fath i spei imen.

\ Lo ;4 w i , o i iili i specimen.

\Y i.e. ecured specimens a1 the north-wes1 side ol Iceland in 0nundar Fjord,

Im \ C Johansen I it in two places al Iceland, viz, at the south-east coasl in lyoons

isl at Vestman Islands, 68 70 fath.
bution. Found in the eastern pari ol Kattegat and the northern pari oi the Sound, r.2 to
Meinert, 11 J. Hansen, W. Bjorck) ; the "Thor' captured it two times in Skagei Rak, too and 1 , ;
ptured in several places from Christiania Fjord to Vadso "in depths below 60 fathoms"
The "Thor" gathered it in the middle western pari ol the North Sea a1 I. .it. 56 ; ; N , Long
45 fath., .mil Tli Scotl records it from the western side ol Scotland in the Firth ol Clydi

VII. The Order Nebaliacea.

this very small but extremely interesting ordei .1 single species has been known from Greenland
"'i The "Ingolf" captured another species described from Norway. More than these 2 species cannot
spected to live in our area.

The four main-papers both on genera and species and on morphological structure, etc. have been

published l>y Claus in r.888, by G. O. Sars in C887 and [896, and bj Joh. Thiele in 1904. A paper by Joh.

Thiele: "Beobachtungen iiber die Phylogenie der Crustaceenbeine" [1905), may be named, because it deals

ome length with the appendages in Nebaliacea, but its ideas have never been and will scarcely evei bi

bj Zoologists with real knowledge ol Crustacea. - In 1904 \V. T. Caiman published a valuable

er on the classification of the Malacostraca, and in liis excellent hand-book (1909) the Zoologist will find a

1 view on the organization and position in the system of the series Leptostraca with the single recent

order, the Nebaliacea.

In the present paper the morphological structure of the appendages in this order is treated, as 1

• itements published by Claus, Sars or Thiele; the general outline of an appendage and

the old idea that in Crustacea the sympod (or protopod) of legs etc. typically consists ol two joints, or besides

observations on musculature, have been the basis of their interpretations It may be added

that the investigation is a section of earlier studies on the morphologj of the appendages, etc . ol Arthropoda

i published in a not too remote future.

The idea, on which the study is based, is that one ought to examine the chitinized pie< es in appen-

ipoda) quite as a Zoologisl examines the ossified parts in legs oi Vertebrates,

ble bones in heads ol Pisces and Reptiles foi comparison with the elements in

biri Is And mouth-parts my point oi departure is that then loins are processes on the

quently a chitinized piece on the free posterioi or lower side ol each lobe
.ilia, maxillipeds, must be connected with the chitinized outei part of the joint, to which

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV 75

Some further points ma}- be mentioned. The musculature in legs may sometimes be of importance
for the study of homology of joints, but the disappearance of musculature from a joint cannot as a rule be
used in morphological interpretation, because muscles are not found when a joint shall not be moved; by
fusion of two joints in an appendage the movement between them ceases, and when a joint is much reduced,
its chitinized part proportionately small, muscles to its movement are frequently not found. I'rom detailed
study of the musculature in the head of various families of Diptera I have learnt, that a moderately well
developed morphological element is in one family completely without musculature, while in other families
it has an active, not only a passive function, is consequently larger and equipped with muscles. The chiti-
nized tubes or plates of an appendage are the most important elements in morphological
investigation; the musculature is secondary.

As the order Nebaliacea generally and with good reason is considered as the lowest type among
the Malacostraca, one may expect that the appendages show some primitive features rather well preserved.
Consequently my old "theory", that in the antenna.-, mouth-parts and legs of Crustacea the sympod consists
originally of three joints, should find some support in this order, and we shall see how far it can be realized.
But before entering the topic a few remarks on the performance of such investigation may be made. In order
to study the chitinized elements of appendages, especially of mouth-parts of Crustacea (or Arthropoda),
it is frequently necessary to have the musculature partly or totally removed. It can be made in different
ways, but it is sometimes necessary to put the object in a convenient solution of caustic potash, then to
remove the dissolved contents by cautious handling in water or glycerine, examine the animal or the ap-
pendage first under the simple microscope, because it is then possible by the aid of two knifes as broad as
a well-sized needle to discover the limits between the membranous parts and the more firmly chitinized
elements; when laid under the compound microscope the cover-glass must be hindered by a minute wooden
wedge from pressing the appendage.

The order Nebaliacea comprises 4 valid genera; but of Nebaliella Thiele and Ncbaliopsis G. O. S.
I have only a single young specimen of each genus, and the following study is in the main made on Nebalia
bipes from Greenland. As Nebaliella exhibits two primitive features in the antenna?, Thiele's representation
and an observation of my own are referred to.

The Antennulce (fig. 10 a) are described by Sars and Thiele as having the peduncle 4-jointed, which
is correct, but what they name first joint consists of two different parts. The large proximal part of this
so-called joint must be interpreted as a protuding portion of the head (/;) ; it is on the outer side marked
off from the skeleton behind it by a fine curved line, which neither in Nebalia nor in Nebaliella shows the
slightest degree of movability, when one attempts to move it by two minute knifes; furthermore the right
protruding portion is united on the lower side with the left portion without any suture, and the whole undi-
vided lower wall is well chitinized; at the distal end of this solid part is seen a narrow transverse band (1),
which is firmly chitinized and very movable, in reality the first joint of the antennula. The 3 following joints
of the peduncle are well known.

The Antenna (fig. 10 a) are described by authors as having the peduncle j-jointed in Nebalia and
~Paraneba.Ua, 4-jointed in the two other genera; it has been seen by Sars and Thiele that in Nebalia the third

V.CA IV

Ij fused, and thai these two joinl 11 separated in Neba-

rally admitted thai the Nebaliaeea are more related to the Mysidacea

■ i- known thai in Mysidacea and Isopoda Asellota the -- \ 1 1 1 ] »< »* 1 oi

ind thai the exopod is more 01 less developed, Furthermore thai beyond the

the endopod are very different in aspect from the flagellum, so thai in the

with th< "i squama much reduced the peduncle oi the antenna 1 onsists oi 6 distini t joints.

thai tlu- same parts are found in Nebalia. What the authors considered to be the iir-1 joinl

two well separated joints (fig ioa, / and 2), the firsl being in Nebalia well chitinized on mosl

ind separated from the second by a narrow membrane. Near the end oi the lowei margin

iird joint in Nebalia is on the outer side an insignificant, low elevation, but in Nebaliella antarctica i-

gured by Thiele in oblong protuberance, which in my young specimen is well marked

•■ linlj is the reduced squama; in several Asellota the squama is also quite small .mci oi similai

shape. At the end of third joinl the fourth is represented by a transverse, movable, well chitinized plate

also in Mysidacea and Asellota this joinl is short. Fifth and sixth joints are, as already said,

fused in Nebalia, well separated in Nebaliella and Nebaliopsis.

The Maxillula (fig. to b) are rather easy to investigate. Each consists of a proximal broad part.

thesympod, and an extremely long"palp", the endopod. The sympod consists of 3 joints; firsl (i and third

ich with a lobe on the inner side, while second joint (2) has none, completely as in Mysidacea,

The chitinized elements of joints and lobes arc seen in fig to b; the membranous -kin between

them hi ish shading. An exopod is wanting in this ordci

The Max ilk consisl of a sympod with a 2-jointed endopod and an unjoin ted exopod.

Tlie sympod consists in other orders of Malacostraca oi ; most frequently well separated joints, with a lobe,

frequently bifid, from second and from third joint, but never any lobe from first joint. In Nebalia the

plate of first joinl 1 is united with thai of second joint, as there is no distinct line between them; the

from second joint 1/-1 has its chitine bipartite, while the lobe from third joint (/3) is only bifid.

The thoracic Legs fig. tod). Only sympod and endopod need to be mentioned. The sympod

1 authors oh 2 joints, bu1 it is in realitj 3-jointed. The first joint can lie seen by a strong

ket-lens in a Nebalia, when the carapace is taken away and the epipods pushed aside; the joint is short,

hut its outer sjd,- j> well chitinized and well marked off both from the following joint with the epipod and

• ■I the segment; seen from ln-hind this joint (fig. tod, 1) is a transverse triangle Second

join' t kind oi low lobe on the inner side, and this lobe is always distinctly clett rather little behind

the distal end. As to third joint (3) it is difficult to decide whi inmates and the endopod begins. In

nit 5 joints in the endopod, the two or three most distal marked off by a line

tween the more proximal joints this line is distinct only towards the inner margin.

- I counted with certainty (> joints (fig tod); the sympod was then considerably

litional, rimal transverse line is visible near the inner margin and situated opposite

In the penultimate legs ,,| Paranebalia I found features verj valuable for

tandii the inn in oi the narrow endopod of the leg lice verj small, narrow and

VOL

^o-

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. J/

quite short musles are distributed with long intervals; these musles are longitudinal though somewhat oblique ;
each of the more distal muscles is crossed at its distal end by a distinct line on the leg indicating an articula-
tion, while the line is indistinct across the second and could not be seen across the proximal muscle, which
is situated a little beyond the base of the exopod, though near the opposite margin of the limb. As five muscles
are distinct, we have consequently 5 movable joints in the endopod. But the last joint is very long,
and its short terminal part is marked off by a moderately distinct very obliquely transverse line also seen
and figured by Thiele, and partly indicated by Sars in his figure of the last thoracic leg. When this terminal
piece is considered to be a joint we have 6 joints in the endopod, thus the same number as seems sometimes
to exist in Nebalia. Consequently in all 9 joints in a thoracic leg. In all other orders of Malocastraca first
joint, praecoxa, has disappeared, is in the Decapoda most probably a part of the pleuron bearing the pleuro-
branchia?; in Mysidacea the leg has 7 joints plus a terminal claw, and this claw is probably a modified joint,
viz. the short terminal joint observed in Paranebalia, while in Nebalia it is considerably longer.

The natatory Legs (fig. 10 e), four pairs, have according to authors a 2-jointed sympod. But on
the exoskeleton of a Nebalia cleaned in caustic potash it is not difficult to see, that between the tergite and
the long distal joint of the sympod small chitinized plates are found, and these are very naturally interpreted
as belonging to two joints. Fig. 10 e shows the tergite (t), the plates (1 and 2) and the proximal part of the
long joint (3) of third leg from the outer side in natural position ; the lettering ma}' be sufficient for the under-
standing. This structure is similar to that found in abdominal legs of Cirolana, Mga and Arcturus as described
and figured in my7 work on the "Ingolf" Isopoda.

Nebalia Leach.
Two species have been found in the "Ingolf" area.

1. Nebalia bipes O. Fabr.
(PI. IV, figs. 10 a — 10 e).
1780. Cancer bipes O. Fabricius, Fauna Groenlandica, p. 246, fig. 2.
1847. Nebalia bipes Kroyer, Naturh. Tidsskr. Ny Raakke, Bd. II, p. 436.
184c). — Kroyer, in Gaimard, Voy. en Scand. PI. XL, fig. 2.

[1896. G. O. Sars, Fauna Norvegise, Bd. I, p. 9, Tab. I, Fig. 1—3; Tab. II— III, Tab. IV,

Fig. 1—8; Tab. V.
1904. Thiele, Die Leptostraken, in Wiss. Ergebn. Deut. Tiefsee-Exped. Bd. VIII.

Occurrence. Not taken by the "Ingolf", but gathered by many collectors.
It has been secured at many places along the coast of West Greenland. It is recorded from Saunders
Isl., ab. Lat. 761/2° N., 5 — 10 fath (Ortmann) ; Cape Dudley Digges, Lat. 76°09' N., 17 — 25 fath. (Ohlin) ;
Lille Karajak Fjord, Lat. 701 /2° N. (Vanhoffen) ; Sondre Stromfjord, ab. Lat. by'2 3: N., 5 to 30 fath. (Ste-
phensen) ; Lat. 66°59' N., Long. 55°27' W., 57 fath. (Norman); Kvanefjord, ab. Lat. 6i°55' N., Bredefjord,
Skovfjord, Julianehaab (Lat. 6o°43' N.), in depths from 3 to 5 — 8 fath. (Stephenseu). The Museum pos-
sesses specimens secured by seven collectors from the following hitherto unrecorded places in West Green-

l( \ I\

desminde, Holstensborg, [kertok Fjord, [o fath., Godtha
ai Frederikshaab, 5 to is fath.
n mi the north-wesl side in [sefjord, 4 fath., bj "Diana on tin
is fath., bj Di A C Johansen, and in Faskruds Fjord, -;>> S" fath .
Uj on the south-wesl side al Reykjavik, 6 fath . "Diana" At the Faeroes it has
Kl.ik--. ' : itli . l>y I »r. 'I'h Mortensen

Al I enland this form has been taken at nine places re< orded bj Bui hholz, l ihlin and K

phei I the last-named author has pul them together in his Conspei tus I [91 () The places are situated

between Lai ' 6 N . the depths generally from 1' _. to ab i" fath excepting a single state-

ment bj Buchholz: 150 fath., which most probably is erroneous. Finallj Mag. Kxuuse secured a specimen
at a more southern locality in Eas1 Greenland, viz. Tasiusak, I. at < «s ,7 N

Distribution. The Copenhagen Museum possesses specimens from two places in Kattegal ami

Hombsek, in tin- northern end <>i the Sound. N ilong tin- coast ol Norway, from Christiania

Vadso, generally in to to 30 tath (G. 0 Sars) Recorded from West Spitzbergen at I. at. 711 4;' N.,

is lath. (Ohlin); from various places at the British Isles, f. inst. at Northumberland and Durham, and

at tin- south coast oi Devon and Cornwall (Norman); from places at tin- easl coast "t Baffin Land north-

wards t>> I.at. 71 57 N 5 20 fath. (Ohlin); finally from Unalaska, s 12 lath. (Thiele).

11 11 i~ possible to walk with tolerable certainty. lint according to tin- literature N. bipes shall

have a much wider distribution. Specimens of Nebalia with the eyes well developed have been found a1

various places jn the Mediterranean, at the French coast and at Madeira A '. ! II Milne-Edw.) ; at

Cuba; in tin Red Sea al Ceylon; at Japan [N . japanensis Claus); at the Pribyloff Islands at Chile \

- - Claus in the Strait ><\ Magellan; finally at New Zealand {N longicornis Thorns.). In 11*04 Thiele

• 1 all these "forms" to a northern species, N. bipes O. Fabr., and a southern species N.longi-

1 '. M Thomson, and speaks of "subspecies". < >ne gets the impression that our present knowledge

lite insufficient, that a monograph of Nebalia based on rich material from most seas must he worked

by an able Zoologist, who after a critical study of the animals and the specific characters points out

the limitation of the species, and consequently their distribution.

2. Nebalia typhlops G. 0 Sirs
a typhlops 1. 0 Sars Forh Vid Selsk. Christiania for 1S69, p. 169.

G 0 Sars, Fauna Norvegias, Bd. I. p. ,;i ; Tab. I. Fig. 4 Tab. IV. Fig. 9 — 19.
■ urrence. Taken by tin- "Ingolf" at a single station.

3ta1 La1 66 ;s N . Long 56 ;8' W., 318 lath., temp. 3.9; many specimens.

Distribution. At tin- wesl coast of Norway taken off Stavanger, in Throndhjems Fjord ami at
i. Sars Recorded from west oi Ireland, r.20 .mt\ [99 lath (Tattersall
G Ilaller ami Lo Bianco, test. Joh. Thiele).

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 79

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

Plate I.

Fig. 1. Leucon spinidosus n. sp.

Fig. 1 a. Cephalothorax of a female with marsupium from the "Ingolf" Stat. 24, from the left side; X 30.
Major part of the siphon omitted.

— ib. Anterior part of carapace of an ovigerous female from the "Ingolf" Stat. 36, from the left side;

X 50.

1 c. Left second leg of an ovigerous female from the "Ingolf" Stat. 36, from below; x 41. Major

part of second joint omitted.

— 1 d. Left uropod of an immature female from the "Ingolf" Stat. 24, from above; x 76.

Fig. 2. Leucon tener n. sp.

Fig. 2 a. Carapace of an ovigerous female, from the left side; ■ 45.

2 b. Distal part of left first leg of an immature female from the "Ingolf" Stat. 97, from below; x 52.

— 2 c. Left uropod of an ovigerous female, from above; X 52.

Fig. 3. Leucon spiniventris n. sp.

Fig. 3 a. Immature female, from the side; x 13. Distal half of abdomen omitted.

— 3 b. Anterior part of carapace with left antennula of the same female, from the side; x 25.

— 3 c. Three posterior thoracic segments and first abdominal segment of the same female in order to

show the ventral and marginal processes, from the side; x 19.

— 3d. Left uropod of a female with marsupium, from above; X 37.

Fig. 4. Leucon profundus n. sp.

Fig. 4 a. Cephalothorax of a female with marsupium from the "Ingolf" Stat. 24, from the side; x 35 .->.

— 4 b. Anterior part of carapace with left antennula of the same female; x 36.

— 4 c. Deft first leg of a female with the marsupium half developed, from below; x 32. Exopod omitted.

— 4 d. Left uropod of a female from the "Ingolf" Stat. 36, from above; x 31.

Fig. 5. Leucon Nathorstii Ohlin.

Fig. 5 a. Left first leg of a female with marsupium from Jan Mayen, from below; x 40.

— 5 b. Left uropod of an adult female from Jan Mayen, from above; X 44.

Norman

rous female, from the side;
i male, from the side
xilliped >>t an ovigerous female, from below

hi ongerous female, from below
rous female, from aboi i

Fig ~ I . m on robustus n sp.

Cephalothorax with left antennula oi .1 female with the marsupium hah developed, from the
side
7 li Anterior pari of carapace with left antennula oi the same specimen
! leg oi .111 immature female, from In-low ; \g

uropod of the largesl immature female, from above; 35.

Eudorella hispida G. O Sars

Front pari of carapace with left antennula of an adult female, from the side;
Front end pace of an immaturt female; 49.

iropod oi an adult female from the "Ingolf" Stat. 32, from above;

End ella arctica n. sp

Front end oi carapao immature female, from the side; x 80.

Dis1 J pari oi left firsl leg of an immature female, from below;
Distal pari oi left second leg oi an ovigerous female, from below; < 35.
• id Righl uropod of an ovigerous female, from above; x 40

Fig. to. Eudorella parvula a sp.
Left uro] erous female from the "Ingolf" Stat. 25, from above; ■ so

Plate II.
Fig. 1. Eudorella parvula n. sp. (continued
. • pari of carapace with left antennula of an adult female from the "Ingolf" Stat 25, from

a female without marsupium from the same station; 80.
male with marsupium from the same station; ■ 80.

.1 pai .rolls female from the same station, from below; ■ 4J.

oi the last-named female, from below; ■ 55.
n immature male from the same station. • 90.

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 8 1

Fig. 2. Eudorella intermedia n. sp.

Fig. 2 a. Front part of carapace of an immature female, from the side; ■ 53.

2b. Major part of first left leg of the same female, from below; x 29.

2 c. Major part of left second leg of another immature female, from below; X 29.

— 2 d. heft uropod of an immature female, from above; >■ 36.

Fig. 3. Eudorella cequiremis n. sp.

Fig. 3 a. Front part of carapace with left antennula of an adult female, from the side; x 44.

— 3b. Major part of left first leg of an adult female, from below; > ;;

— 3 c. Major part of left second leg of an adult female, from helow; x 44.

— 3d. Left uropod of a subadult female, from above; X 45.

Fig. 4. Cuniella tarda n. sp.

Fig. 4 a. Anterior part of carapace with eyes and the proximal portion of the branchial siphon of an adult
male, from the side; x 54.

— 4b. Eyes and pseudorostrum of an adult male, from above; X 54.

— 4 c. heft antennula of an adult male, from the outer side; x 48.

— 4 d. Left second maxilliped of an adult male, from below; x 43.

— 4 e. Left third maxilliped of an adult male, from below; X 43. Seto on exopod omitted.

— 4 f , Left first leg. mutilated, of an adult male, from below; x 43.

— 4 g. hast abdominal segment with right uropod of an adult male, from above; X 41.

Fig. 5. Cumella egregia n. sp.

Fig. 5 a. Adult male, from the side; x 16.

— 5 b. Front part of carapace with left antennula? and the proximal part of the branchial siphon of

the same male; X 32 0. ocular lobe, the distal half of which is lost in the adult specimen, but
has been added on the figure from the well preserved lobe in the small specimen.

— 50. Fourth and proximal part of fifth abdominal segment of the same adult male, from the side;

X 50.

— 5 d. Posterior part of abdomen with left uropod of the same male, from above; x 33.

*

Fig. 6. < 'umellopsis Helgce Caiman.

Fig. 6a. Left third maxilliped of a female with marsupium, from below; x 29.

— 6 h. Left first leg of the same female, from below; x 29. Setae on exopod omitted.

— 6 c. Left second leg of the same female, from below ; X 29. Seta? on exopod omitted.

— 6 d. hast abdominal segment with left uropod of an adult female, from above; < 29.

The [ngoIf-Expedition III 6.

>v \ IV

ulata ii

ubaditll female, from the sid»

from abovi 1 1

I maxilliped ol the same female, from below
listal ond maxiUiped, from below 66

I • third maxilliped oi the same female, from below 23. / tub< see the texl

il the female, from below m exopod omitted.

I leg oi the female, from below
7 h. Carpus and propodus oi the leg exhibited in fig. 7 g, from below; 41.

: -• , li.loinin.il segment with righl uropod oi the female, from above; • 21.
Cephalothorax oi the adult male, from the side -,;' 2.

7 1. Cephalothorax of the same male, from above; x n.
-in. I. .1-1 abdominal segmenl with right uropod of the male, from above; x 21.

8. Procampylaspis macronyx n. sp.

Anterior pari of cephalothorax of an adult male, from the side; .- 14.
8b. Major pari of left second maxiUiped of the same male, from In-low; x 24.

Distal joints oi second maxiUiped exhibited in fig. 8 b, from below; ■ 4s.
8d. Left third maxiUiped of the same male from below; • -'4. t. tube

] ■ firsl leg oi the same male, from below; x 24.

Ma 01 pari of Kit second leg of the same male, from below; \ 24.

Sixth abdominal segmenl with left uropod oi the same male, from above; 24.

Plate III.
Fig. 1, Catnpylaspis rubictmda Lilljeb.
1 a. Distal joints of k-ft second maxiUiped of a female from I.at. (>.; 4'' N . from below; x 91.

1 1. 2. ( (tuipvhispis alba n. sp.

Cephalothorax of an adult female, from above; ■ 12.
2b. Anterior part of tl ipao of the same female, from above; |

Cephalothorax of an adult female, from the side; • 12.

2d. L,i 1 maxilliped oi an adult female, from below; • 31.

]>i-t.d joints of the same maxilliped, from below; ■ 77.

• third maxiUiped lult female, from below;

Left first thoi Female, from below ; • 32.

— leg oi the same female, from below : 32.

idomen with left uropod oi an adult female, from abov<

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV.

Fig. 2 k. Anterior part of carapace of an adult male, from above; X 24.

2 1. Posterior part of abdomen with left uropod of an adult male, from above; X 23.

Fig. 3. Campylaspis laticarpa n. sp.

Fig. 3 a. Cephalothorax of an adult female, from above; x 8.

— 3b. Anterior part of carapace of the same female, from above; x 19.

— 3 c. Cephalothorax of an adult female, from the side; X 8.

— 3d. Left second maxilliped of an adult female, from below; x 32.

— 3 e. Distal joints of the same maxilliped, from below; X 80.

— 3 f . Left third maxilliped of an adult female, from below; x 22.

— 3 g. Left first thoracic leg of the same female, from below; x 22.

— 3 h. Left second thoracic leg of the same female, from below; x 22.

3 i. Posterior part of abdomen with left uropod of an adult female, from above; x 22.

— 3 k. Cephalothorax of an adult male, from above; x 15/2.

3 1. Posterior part of abdomen with left uropod of an adult male, from above; X 22.

Fig. 4. Campylaspis nndata G. O. Sars.

Fig. 4 a. Knd of second joint, ischium, merus and carpus of left third maxilliped of a female, from below;
X 49.

Fig. 5. Campylaspis rostrata Caiman.

Fig. 5a. Left second maxilliped of a subadult female, from below; x 30.

— 5 b. Distal joints of the same maxilliped, from below; x 69.

— - 5 c- Left third maxilliped of a subadult female, from below; x 30.

Fig. 6. Campylaspis intermedia n. sp.

Fig. 6a. Cephalothorax of a subadult female, from above; x 12.

— 6b. Cephalothorax of the same female, from the side; X 12.

— 6 c. Left second maxilliped of a subadult female, from below ; x 28.

— 6 d. Distal joints of the same maxilliped, from below; x 82.

— 6 e. Left third maxilliped of the same female, from below; x 28.

6 f . End of second joint, ischium, merus and carpus of the same maxilliped, from below; x 60.

— 6 g. Left first leg of the same female, from below ; X 28.

— 6 h. Left second leg of the same female, from below; x 28.

6 i. End of abdomen with right uropod of a subadidt female, from above ; X 28.

Fig. 7. Campylaspis horrida G. O. Sars.
Fig. 7 a. Merus of left third maxilliped of a female, from below7; X J2>- Setae omitted.

ICA. I\

G 0 3ars

rd maxilliped ol a female, from below - I ■ omitted, excepting the

ta

' ampylaspis globosa a. sp,

•ml maxilliped oi tin- adult female, from below; ■ 25.

■ i joints of the same maxilliped, from below;
Left third maxilliped oi the adult female, from below ■ 25.

Bnd "i second joint and the three following joints oi third maxilliped, from below ,
Left tirst leg of the same female, from below 25.

• second joint ol the same female from below 25.

End "t abdomen with left uropod oi the same female, from abovi

Plate IV.

Fig. 1 ( atnpylaspi tinued

Cephalothorax oi an adult female, from above; ■ 11.
— 1 li. Cephalothorax. "I the same female, from tin- side; ■ to.

Fig. _' ( ampylaspis serratipes n sp

Cephalothorax oi a subadult female, from above; • [9
2b. Cephalothorax <>t a subadult female, from the side; eg

I. rit -in. ml maxilliped oi a subadull female, from below; • 41.
j (1 Distal joints <>t the same maxilliped, from below; > :

Left third maxilliped of the last-named female, from below • 41.

Left iir-t thoracic leg ol the same female, from below; |i

id thoracic leg of tin- same female, from In-low; 41
2 h. Right uropod <■; .1 subadull female, from above; ■ 41.

Fig. 3 Plaiysympus tricarinatus n. sp.

ami first thoracic segment oi an immature female, from above; x 12.
' rior part of abdomen with left uropod oi an immature male, from abov< 32

U rt oi telson of the last-named male, from above; 84

I Diastylis hastata 11. sp.
and the three anterior abdominal segments of an adult female from the "Ingoli

CRUSTACEA MALACOSTRACA. IV. 85

Fig. 4 b. Left first thoracic leg of a subadult female from the same station, from below; X 34.

— 4 c. Left second thoracic leg of the last-named specimen, from below; X 34.

— 4 d. Left fourth thoracic leg of an adult female, from the outer side; x 34.

4 e. Posterior part of abdomen with left uropod of a female without marsupium (5 mm. long), from
above; x 26.

Fig. 5. Diastylis longicaudata Bonnier.

Fig. 5 a. Posterior part of abdomen with peduncle of right uropod of a subadult female, from above;

x 2:,.

Fig. 6. Makrocylindrus s-piniventris n. sp.

Fig. 6 a. Anterior part of carapace of an immature female, from above; x 25.

6 b. Anterior part of carapace with left antennula and antenna of another immature female, from

the side; x 25.
6 c. Three posterior thoracic and two anterior abdominal segments of the last-named specimen,

from the side; x 25.
6 d. Posterior part of abdomen with right uropod of an immature female, from above; x 25. t. Distal

part of telson more highly magnified, showing the dorsal spines.

Fig. 7. Diastyloides scabra n. sp.
Fig. 7 a. Posterior part of abdomen with right uropod of an adult female, from above; X 23.

Fig. 8. Brachydiastylis nimia n. sp.

Fig. 8 a. Adult female, from above; X 31j2.

— 8 b. Anterior part of carapace of the same female, from above; x 31.

— 8 c. Cephalothorax of another adult female, from the side; X 26.

— 8 d. Left first thoracic leg of an adult female, from below; X 45.

— 8 e. Left second thoracic leg of the same female, from below; x 45.

— 8 f. Left third thoracic leg of the same female, from the outer side; X 45.

— 8 g. Posterior part of abdomen with right uropod of the female shown in fig. 8 a, from above; X 31.

Major part of the two terminal setae on the exopod omitted.

Fig. 9. Leftostylis grandis n. sp.
Fig. 9 a. Posterior part of abdomen with left uropod of a subadult male, from above; X 22.

Fig. 10. Nebalia bipes O. Fabr.

Fig. 10 a. Front end of the head with right eye, antennula and antenna of an adult female, from the right
side; x 13. /;. parts of the head. The ciphers at antennula and antenna indicate the number
of the joints.

CEA MAI LCA. n

Distal pari <>! endopod omitted / iir-t joinl /' its ]<>1"
• I third joint with it'* lobe, l*\ / fourth joint. The membranous

. below firsl joint, scarcely marked ofi from second joint, - . /-' bipar-

tbird joint, with its bifid loin-, /a. ex. exopod
■ third thoracic leg, from behind; ■ i~. Majoi pari ol thi m the terminal joint end

the inner mat the t\\<> preceding joints omitted. / firsl joinl 2 second joint, bearing

the epi] third joint, bearing the r\<>pod.

: • ximal pari <>! left third abdominal leg, from the outei side; • u. /. tergite <>t the segment;
/ and 2. chitinized plates ol first and second joints in the leg; .;. j >r< >xm i.il pari oi third joint.
The membranous part lighl greyish.

The ///>/<>//' Expedition . Ill 6

II </ Hansen,. Crustacea Walawstrata Jf.Pl I

i, i

1 \ heiicnn spimilofut n sp 2.1 tener n sp 3. I. Sfrtrvtveivtris tv.sp. ^._£ prot'i/iii/us rusp.
.'■I. Xti/borxtu ri/Uh,. 6.Z. serratus Warm 7. I. .TolwstUS rusp. 6 ' Kwl 'ore II iJ Ttisvtda O.O.S.
- ' ■'• ' 9. IS are lieu a sp 10 E pari'U hi n .<■/> tx Mailer

The Tngvtf Expedition III o

U.J. flun.tm i.'rustacea Malacoftraot. IV I'f II

la

,v„

I J.'ii.h ii'i'llo fiiiri'ijla t, up. 2. ~E. intermedia ru tp. 3m.atpj.rremtfn.sfi. !f. CiemeUa tarda n. ip
■ C egre-gia n ip. ff. Cumellopsis //>>/</■)• Calm,. 7. Vroeainpijlaspix bituberculata ru sp.

T X llillUr so>. /^».V

1

The ///</»//' Expedition lilt!

II. I Hansen Crustacea MaJacostraca /'//'/ 111

II -F. ltrTnSf-T <l-l

. CarrcpifLcusp-t& ritbieurvda. ztlLjab 'J C. abba n >y 'i i".J nl ic<i.-pn n rp. ^ C.xaida.ta G.Q.S
5 '-■' rosl rii-ta. Calm o' i' i n /ff/n t'/fi 1/ n.sp 7 r ' hm-ri <l<i CuO.S 8. C. z>erru.eofa &.O.S.

." C tflobosa, n..sp.

T. ZK lloU.; '■■

The- Tt^rolf Expedition* III 6.

II, J Hansen Crustacea Mdlacostrwi If7. PI /,

I . i \i.THptf/<i~?j>i~f g Zt>ho so. n.sp . 2. C. serra tipes n.?p. 3. I'l a ttfsipmpus rriniftn ,t t lis n.sp j. Ihilsiifl i v h ,lsl .1 1 .1 m.v/..

,•; n hiiiqu-iiiiilato n.-m, <S MoJcrocy i '/ it<1rns sptnioeti 1 rix it.jp TDiastyloides seaira mr.
,V Jtri/r/ii/,j/,j.rti///.r n i nit, i •, .rp. M Li'/'tu.v/ 1/ 1 is tp'andis iuap. It' Xfh,i 1 1 ,t in pry ,'f.iio-.

H.J TTanssn d*l

T V M.,11.- r „■

THE INGOLF-EXPEDITION

i 895 — 1 896.

THE LOCALITIES, DEPTHS, AND BOTTOMTEMPERATURES OF THE STATIONS

Depth

Depth

Depth

Station
Xr

Lat. N.

Long.W.

in
Danish
fathoms

Bottom- j
temp

Station

Nr.

Lat. N.

Long.W.

in
Danish
fathoms

Bottom-
temp.

Station

Nr.

l.at X

Long.W.

in
Danish

fathoms

Bottom-
temp

1

62° 30'

8° 21'

132

7°2

24

63° 06'

56° 00'

1 [99

2°4

45

61° 32'

9° 43'

643

4°i7

2

63° 04'

9° 22'

262

5°3

25

63° 3"'

54° 25'

582

fi

1"

61° 32'

n°36'

720

2°40

3

63° 35'

io0 24'

272

o°5

63° 5i'

53° 03'

1 V

47

6l° 32'

13° 40'

950

3°23

4

64" 07'

11° 12'

237

2°5

26

63° 57'

52° 41'

34

48

61° 32'

15°"'

1150

3°I7

5

"1 1"'

12° 09'

155

64' !7'

54° 24'

109

49

62° 07'

15° 07'

1 1 20

2°9I

6

<•: t;'

M° 34'

90

7°»

27

"4° 54'

55° 10'

393

3°8

5°

62° 43'

15° 07'

1020

3°I3

7

63 1 !'

15° 41'

600

4°5

28

65° M'

55° 42'

420

3°5

51

<>4° 15'

14° 22'

68

7°32

S

63° 56'

240 40'

130

6°o

29

65° 54'

54° 3i'

68

0°2

52

63° 57'

13° 32'

420

7°87

9

640 IS'

27° 00'

295

5°8

3°

ob° 50'

54 28'

12

i°°5

53

63° 15'

15° 07'

795

3°o8

10

"T 2)'

280 50'

78S

3°5

31

'

55° 54'

88

, 6

54

63° 08'

15= 40'

691

3°9

1 1

&4° 34'

310 12'

1300

1 '6

32

66 15'

56° 3S'

318

3°')

55

63° ii'

15° 02'

316

5°9

12

64 [8'

32° 37'

1040

o°3

! !

"7 57'

55° 30'

35

o°8

56

64" 00'

15° 09'

68

7°57

13

64° 47'

14 13'

622

3co

34

05° 17'

54° 17'

55

5 7

63° 37'

13° 02'

350

3°4

M

64 iV

35° 05'

176

4J4

i5

65' 11.'

55° 05'

362

|°6

58

64° 25'

12° 09'

21 1

o°8

15

66° 18'

25° 59'

33°

-o°75

36

6l° 50'

56° 21'

M35

i°5

59

65° O&

11° 16'

310

— o°i

10

65° 43'

26° 58'

250

6° 1

37

6o° 17'

54° 05'

1715

i°4

60

65° 09'

12° 27'

124

o°9

17

62° 49'

260 55'

745

3°4

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I°0

THE DANISH INGOLF-EXPEDITION.

1915.
1914.

HITHERTO PUBLISHED:

Vol. 1, Pari I. i Report <>i tin- Voyage b) ( F. Wandei (1 plal

j Hydrography by Martin Knudsen <;i plates) ... |
Part II. j Tin- deposits of the sea-bottom by 0 B Boeggild\

I

I Current-bottles by C I Wandei {1 plate) I

Vol. II. Part I. The ichthyological results by Chr. I. it/km (4 pi;
Pari II. < >ii the Appendices genitales (Claspers) in the G
land Shark. Somniosus microcephalus (Bl. Schn.), and other

Selachians by //■ / / ]ui l

Pari III. Nudibranchiate Qasteropoda by R. Bt plates)

Part IN'. The North-European and Greenland Lycodinae by

.! i in Jensen > to plates)

Pari \. 1 imellibranchiata, Pari I. by Ad. S. Jensen (4 plates

and 5 figures in the text)

Vol. III. Pari I. Pycnogonidae by Fr. Meinert (5 plates)

Part II. Crustacea Malacostraca, I: Decapoda, Euphausiacea,

Mysidacea by //. ./. Hansen (5 plate-:

Pari III. Crustacea Malacostraca, II Tanaidacea by II /.

Hansen ( 12 plates)

Part IV. Copepoda I. Calanoida. Amphascandria by Carl With

!_■_' textfigures)

Pari V. Crustacea Malacostraca, III. Isopoda by //. J. Hansen

1 it> plates)

Pari VI. Crustacea Malacostraca, IV : Cumacea and Nebaliacea

by //. /. Hansen (4 plates)

Vol. IV, Pun I. Echinoidea, Pari I. by Th. Mprtensen (21 plates)...
Part II. Echinoidea, Tart II. by Th. Mortensen [19 plal

Pari III. Chaetognaths by R von Ritter-Zdhony

Part IV. Annelids I. by Hjalmar Ditlevsen (6 plates and 24

figures in the text 1

Vol. V, Part I. Pennatulida by Hectoi i I. /■■ , plates)...

Part II. Ctenophora by Th. Mortensen (io plates and 15 figures

in the- text 1

Part III. Ceriantharia by Oskar Carlgren (5 plates and 10

figures m the texl \

Part I\'. Zoantharia by Oskai Carlgren [y plates and 6 figures

in the text)

Part V. Stylasteridae by Hjalmar Broch (5 plates and 7 figures

in the ' ;

Pari VI. Hydroida, Pari I. by Hjahnar Broch (2 plates and

20 figures in the text)

Part VII. Hydroida, Pari II, by Hjalmar Broch (1 plate and

ures m 1

Pari VIII. Medusae, Pari [,%?. /.. Kramp (5 plates, ^figures

in the text, and 14 maps)

Vol. VI, Pari I. Porifera, Pari I. Homorrhaphidae and Heterorrhaphidae

Will. Lundbi • ■ I '

Pari II. Porifera, Pari 2, Desmacidonidae (Pars) by Will. Lund-

III. Porifera Pari ;. Desmacidonidae (Pars) by Will
: : plates

Kr.

25,00
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6,50

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( - 25)

( [6]