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RECEIVED
te JUL 6 1920 woF
U. 8, Department of Agriculture:
GRAPES, ROSES, SHRUBS, ETC., ETC.
Fy
GEORGE A. SWEET,
NURSERYMAN,
DANSVILLE, N.Y.
J §O/
CONTENTS.
FRUIT DEPARTMENT.
PAGE
Apples DS cele Mie a Phas ak eee Aa aOR Mone Hay es CA eee et Se) ae ena carte Caen 10
HATO TIC OLS Riis Sass MONEE He) ESE ARDS Rane it Cree My a AUR A RITA mein tape cae ts wna rt ag ea 27
PAS DAN AO NIG cr RM te Kei © SS a thie orci CON Aaa cee pau “eee Rae ON ANG ee ea 41
BIA GRD ERTIES AM Te Herre Daun ies Oi ane autre a RPM EC! eae NISL) NIN Ady ead a saa am 40
QATULOT SL COR HO ALE PONE TSR wtagden sera Bh GRRE TCS n eer 0 eal Aru Pia SC Ran 4
(He TII ES ees Ae Oy ee HS at Ne oan nega area Make oe Cound rae Stee Mee eR i NEO) ea 20
Correspondence, Advice to OT ag RN se aM eS SISO Pe ch OL OPAL AO ca ee Ee
Crap PA plese sews vith ian ier ieaiagteleaai Wes ign ne cue” oar panel oa Fk Cah ne Sa 16
WUEKAN TS tere Mri sad) anes pA C es Ab epg CU TRCN) Cima te cpu dan DeLee Ey La tareus iN 7 oan ey epee 35
Directions| tone Transplanting es Goes wey eeeaa ia el ee ce Ne Na aaa 5
Distances) kona Gin pe ss oe Secs ys en haart eile. SY on ikon GL SO ee ie ase
GG OSE eerie ss es FUNK air Ae Tas Mgaire RR NGI fe apa te uray ceed. SSS igen a 36
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Tern Clad ae BSA NI REN SAM ISR a BURR RAR ones cham. sls 6 Sota Gnd ThA aie a
(NUTIDERTICS ss Oe CATR nie ee sapere Reais Natta ie Met Pye Wyler ANE DE te Gada 40
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PUTAS cre eo Ue Tidy Ce Rapa 8s Rea NDR SRA IRE Ques ligt a Men P MACE ncyhiidi= Ea 1 he aia 9 22
PPTOHMOL Hirt Rai suomi ie ate tem we meses PORE ee RNAS Jota Oe ee oi ea 8
QTM CES 2A OSA sis eae ie ee ne mR nate ey oo Be ah Astin Lead at end ar eae 28.
ARASPWEVLTES sey er eh aes hen elec wake came aR etree SUL Reavy ee he ROCCE ATS Oe 37
EULA Dy 29 hae RAGS a i SG ee gem eater em te alee eC SRR V oR oe yin age et oe ee 41
Wintering Stock Bought in Fall____-_.________ AE es Os Sige lay PFU ies Ss Dae age 6
Young Trees Best’ for PL ATIUIA GS oe Ne cuseetts ir ea je nto ate ee ets wA ys US aaa ven 7
ORNAMENTAL DEPARTMENT.
ATHENA ONC Age Wp CME SIE Ay NataliaBe ines ch Rela se eeu bay MYL ESE Panne Mins. Seen Oe eS ee Om 64
lena bigs bao Veh fe OCaa OVA ta Wie te rae, Maly ea ta he hao Ars ee NS RUG Veh eue A 56
SRV OT EPCOT POS cee tat wae Sesh Re ese Raat Rac OLIN ahi ae ate ears Avs OO mage aR Oe US 50
Handy @lnmbinioiPlain ig cse mre cre n Chip erie ciel a rari) Ae eae tate) aera . 55
eledigemPlanisye ke a Sy icc hat aaech pig cy Auman P Us UTM BR UNE ae Se UCU: ice thot 63
Introduction— What to NET e hi Mieco RNR CLT ied ARUN ide Ndi Bes ie Maia pe 42
fy RS RLU RDS RR LAM OREN. ads Nene ORS AL alge eye oo LB Ae ts OS, 64
BY AVO(o OVO KehaVGl (dy okser gues dann WuaNh es eANRINGT iS A Rtg hs | ie eee AN RR UR at et OZ Ae
Roses, Tepid hug NON ae Sie A ek Saleh pee Sct aM NAN nN alee yelp heal UNBAN ad 59
Poe ON bs cat ovk nl Me puesrag Sung oe rs, Ute len aE Se aan ae ay MN Sra GR CF oN Leyen
Ue EUV OSS Up Oana ON Sn elanin See paiar a HUA YR aang EOE ND ilo Saar deh. 0 Car aNd a a 62
$V ORT GON OnE LD GUUA Lis ya UR ipa aes cies Ute LS A RSs es a a a 63
Upright dD (eerta ovo r¥stl Sa ip Vi cfs palestine gM ates Nec ca ae 2 ESS ee MAN a BS 51
ae EE SPEGS esis atta Stes CURIA eee PSOE NG UL NE NE 43,
Weeping a Pea nies e ASL. uN pba Sea SASL Mpean em cyanate cet, Wl 48
LUKGCep i ok Leyes at Ninny OE ABUL Ay Cesar, dinar in. Lea te eae SE Ee MORMON SEU RAIN Ui
PESschi Pry CATALOGUE
FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES
GRAPES, ROSES, SHRUBS, ETG., ETC.,
GEO le Se ei EE,
NURSERYMAN,
DA NSW Pew. IN. . Y¥:.
ESTABLISHED 1869.
we
POST-EXPRESS PRINTING COMPANY,
ROCHESTER, N.Y.
ea/(ce) a
JeJnunileyetOld,
E take pleasure in presenting a new edition of our Descriptive Catalogue, carefully
W revised and corrected by the addition of descriptions of new and promising sorts
and the omission of such as greater experience and progress in horticulture and flori-
culture have proved no longer worthy of general dissemination.
We have not attempted a full and complete description of all varieties named, but
shall be pleased to answer by letter any enquiries sent with stamp for reply, as to
planting, cultivating, &c., and as to the most desirable sorts for planting in different
localities, and for different purposes.
Nothing better illustrates the progress of our country, the advance in civilization
its people are making, and the fact that they are learning to live better, than the greatly
increased and continuing demand for nursery stock, both fruit and ornamental.
To the planter or purchaser of nursery stock, at least three things are indispensable;
first, varieties true to name ; second, healthy, vigorous well matured trees or plants ;
and third, careful and judicious packing, without which all may be lost.
We give the most careful scrutiny to the propagation of varieties, endeavoring by
all methods known to us, to protect ourselves from error or imposition, and rejecting
anything of which we have reason to feel suspicious. By such careful and constant
watching and attention, we are warranted in offering our stock as pure, and absolutely
true to name.
Good cultivation—by which we mean keeping the ground sufficiently fertile and at
all times mellow and free from weeds, together with thorough drainage, either natural
or artificial—is absolutely necessary to success. This, with judicious pruning, and
proper selection of varieties, suitable for the locality, will, in nearly all portions of the
United States, produce gratifying results.
Our soil being of a character best suited to produce the healthiest conditions of
growth, that solid, firm texture of the wood, with abundant fibrous root, so necessary to
successful transplanting, we are enabled to offer the products of our Nurseries, with
entire confidence to planters in all sections of the country.
We give to our packing and shipping careful personal supervision, and_ still
further to protect our patrons, as well as ourselves, against loss in this direction, we
employ the most skilled and competent hands to assist us.
We aim to keep fully abreast of an enlightened and cultivated taste, in the intro-
duction of new and valuable varieties of fruit, and novelties and valuable acquisitions
in ornamentals ; accepting with pleasure everything that has real merit, we shall with
equal readiness discard and discountenance the sale of worthless humbugs.
By careful consideration of the wants of our trade and faithful attention to business,
we hope to continue to merit and receive a share of the patronage of lovers and buyers
of choice fruits and ornamentals.
GEO. A. SWEET,
Dansville, N. Y.
ADVICE 1@ “CORP ESEONDENGS
a
[PLEASE READ BEFORE MAKING OUT ORDER. |
CORRESPONDENTS will greatly oblige by observing, as far as possible, the following
regulations :
1st. All orders by mail should be sent in as early as possible to insure prompt
attention, as it is our rule to execute them in the order in which they come to hand ;
hence we cannot, except for extraordinary reasons, delay orders received first, for those
coming late in the season and requiring attention at once.
2nd. Buyers, ordering by letter, should write out the order plainly, on a separate
list, and not in the body of the letter. It will prevent mistakes in the hurry of the
packing season.
8d. Give plain and explicit shipping directions. When none are given we forward
according to our best judgment ; but in no case, except on orders made through our
agents, do we assume any responsibility after the delivery of stock in good condition to
the forwarders. ;
4th. All orders from unknown correspondents must be accompanied with a bank
draft, post office order, or money by registered letter ; fractions of a dollar may be sent
in postage stamps. ;
5th. Where particular varieties are ordered, and particular ages and sizes of trees,
kinds of stock, etc., it should be stated whether, and to what extent, other varieties, sizes,
ages, etc., may be substituted, in case the order cannot be filled to the letter, as happens
occasionally in all establishments. Our rule is not to substitute in any case without
being expressly requested to do so.
6th. All trees and plants are carefully labeled and packed in the best manner for
any part of the United States, Canada, or Europe, for which a moderate charge is made,
but no charge is made for the delivery of packages at the railroad.
7th. All orders from unknown correspondents must be accompanied with a draft
on some of the principal cities, or post office order for the amount.
8th. Our customers are requested to notify us instantly of any errors that may be
committed in filling their orders, so that we may at once make ample amends. as we
desire conduct our business in all respects satisfactorily to those who favor us with
their confidence,
o
CAUTION.
We caution the public against certain persons who are in the habit of using our
catalogues and circulars, and representing themselves as our agents, but who in reality
have no dealings with us. The reputation of our establishment has already been injured
in several parts of the country by such parties.
See that orders given to agents are made out on our printed blanks addressed in type
at the top to Gro. A. SwEEr, DANSvILLE, N. Y.
HINTS TO PLANTERS. 5
DIRECTIONS ;FOR: TRANSPLANTING, ETC.
Preparation of the Soil.—Prepare a rich, deep bed of mellow soil, and have
the land sufficiently drained to relieve the roots from standing water. To insure a fine
growth, land should be in as good condition as is required for a crop of wheat, corn or
potatoes.
Preparation of Trees or other Stock.—We use great care in digging and
packing, but the loss of some small roots and fibres is unavoidable. If stock is properly
prepared before it is planted, no permanent injury will result from this, but the preser-
vation of the natural balance between top and roots render a vigorous eutting back of the
Sormer, absolutely necessary in most cases. And therefore, prune off broken or bruised
ends of roots, if any; (a smooth cut root granulates or makes ready to extend sooner than
one broken off); cut back the tops to the extent of about one-half the previous season’s
growth, taking care at all times to prune in such a manner as will tend to develop a well-
formed head, sufficiently open to admit air and light freely. To insure success, Peach
trees should have all the side branches cut off before they are planted. Evergreen and other
ornamental trees, the beauty of which depends on preserving their natural form, should
be pruned very little. Hence, great pains should be taken in planting and caring for
these. If not ready to plant when the stock arrives, ‘‘ heel it in” by placing the roots
ijn a trench and covering them with mellow earth, well packed.
Planting.—Make the holes large enough to admit the roots without cramping or
bending, and deep enough to bring the tree to its natural depth. The fine surface soil
should be used for covering the roots, and this should be carefully worked among them.
If the ground is dry, it is well to pour in some water when the hole is partially filled.
’ See that the ground is firmly and solidly packed over all parts of the roots by exerting the
full weight of the planter upon it,so there will be no opportunity for dry air or frost to
enter and destroy roots deprived of the full benefit of their natural protection. Omrsston
TO PACK THE EARTH SOLIDLY IS THE MOST FREQUENT CAUSE OF FAILURE IN PLANT-
ING NURSERY sTock. Fill the holes full enough to be even with the surrounding
surface after the fresh earth settles. Always remove the label when planting. If this
is left until the tree is grown, the connecting wire often cuts into and destroys the tree
or branch to which it is attached. Never use manure in contact with roots. When
planting dwarf trees set them low enough to cover the stock upon which they are
budded, but not lower. Large standard trees should be staked and tied, so that the
wind will not loosen the roots. This should be so done that the bands will not chafe the
trees. It is a very good way to drive two stakes and confine the tree between straw or
hay bands, stretched from stake to stake.
Mulching.—When trees or bushes are planted, they should be mulched or
covered with a layer of coarse manure or litter from three to six inches deep, for a space
of say two feet more in diameter than the extent of the roots. This keeps the earth
moist and of even temperature.
After-Culture.—Grass should not be allowed to grow about young trees or
plants. The ground should be cultivated for a space of at least one foot outside the
roots. If the ground is poor it should be enriched with surface application of manure,
Pruning shoulda be varied according to the condition of the tree. and the purpose of the
planter. It should be done regularly every spring, before the buds swell any. In this
way the removal of large branches will be avoided.
6 HINTS TO PLANTERS.
Fall Planting.—When planted in the Fall, all trees should be banked up at least
one foot high until Spring. This overcomes the tendency of the trees to heave out, pro-
tects them from mice, and prevents the roots from freezing before they have taken hold
of the soil. In planting roses, shrubs, vines and other delicate stock in the Fall, the tops
should be nearly or quite buried with mellow earth during the first winter. 'The surplus
earth should be removed early in the Spring.
Injured Trees.—If trees are received in a frozen state, place the package
unopened in a cellar, away from frost and heat, until thawed out, and then unpack. If
partially dried from long exposure, bury entirely in the ground, or place in water from
12 to 24 hours.
WNAON TDA IONE: IN WIR SIDI STOCK IPINOCUWIRIE|ID
WN, Wists) Tebilly,
In sections where the winters are very severe, it is not advisable to set out young trees
and plants in the Fall, but the practice of procuring them in the Fall and planting them
in the Spring is becoming more and more popular as experience has demonstrated its.
advantages. In the Fall nurserymen are not hurried with their own planting; the
season for shipping is comparatively long, and the weather not nearly so changeable as
in the Spring. Railways are not so much hurried, and there is much less chance for
injurious delays than in the Spring. It being practicable to plant trees so procured as
soon as the frost is out, they become thoroughly established the first season.
There is a popular impression that trees dug in the Fall and heeled in over winter
are worthless. Jf the heeling is well done there could not be a greater mistake. Peach and
some other young trees, if left standing during their first winter, are frequently killed or
injured by frost, while if dug in the Fall and treated as below described, they come
through bright and uninjured.
To insure success, select a dry spot where no water will stand during winter, having
no grass near to invite mice. Dig a trench deep enough to admit one layer of roots, and
sloping enough to permit the trees to lie at an angle of not more than 380 degrees with the
ground. Having placed one layer of roots in this trench, cover them with mellow earth
extending well up on the bodies and see that this ts firmly packed. Then add another
layer of trees over-lapping the first, continuing as at first until allare heeledin. As soon
as this is done cover the tops so well with evergreen boughs that they will be thoroughly
protected from winds. Roses and other small stock may be wholly covered with earth.
HINTS TO PLANTERS. 7
PLANT YOUNG, TREES.
We cannot too strongly recommend our customers to procure young trees, especially
for orchard planting. They cost less, they can be taken up with more perfect roots, are
much more likely to live, and will become sooner established in a new location. They
can also be more readily trained to any desired shape. The largest and most successful
planters invariably select young, thrifty trees.
BEST) DISTANCES, FOR, PLAN TING.
StandandeAnp les es a" aa ee ae en a ae ee eee 30 feet apart each way.
Standard Pears and strong growing Cherries----------------- tN) PE ae _
Dukesand: Morello) Chenriesis< 622 dean b 4428 Jeseses Se ifs} 0 <5 ¥
Standard Plums, Apricots, Peaches, Nectarines__-_...--.----- UGS iio) alle} & ah
Diwali Rearst< «9.52 = Soph sees Sec es See ae ee eae oe LOMO; 12s rg
Dawa ive Asp plese ee Geek etch fee ee, See ee elo ee 10tol2 <* i.
Quinces\ Fooe. 22-82 2S. Seek So oe eeen oe sees 10to12 “ ii
Grapesaeeee te eee es See mee rows 10 to 16 feet apart ; 7 to 16 feet in rows.
@urrants “and. ‘Goosebernies: <= 2- = ee eee ee 4 feet apart.
Rasphernies!and, Black benleg ss-- en os see eee ee eee 4 by 5 feet.
Sirsw berries stor feldy culture: see. a= ase pee ee ---l by 34 feet.
Sirawpernies for hulcoltures => = ==ee eee See ne ee 2 feet apart each way.
NUMBER OF TREES, ON, AN ACRE.
30 feet'apart each way -------------=- 50° | 10 feet apart each way -------------- 435
25 ss EO) ae Nea ed >. thg Mp 70 8 oa SELEY (Renn a meray 2 29.8 y 680
20 He CS i ees Se 110 6 a ed a ye heey yaad 1210
18 23 pe = eee Se nee 135 5 = eT see as ee 1745
15 “ ss Be Peas eee U5 4 * Og MAS eA 28 eased 2725
12 cs year a aspen Bea tlic, $9 ee 300 3 oH Cites eRe) ema der ye Ci 4840
RvuLE—Multiply the distance in feet between the rows by the distance the plants are
apart in the rows, and the product will be the number of square feet for each plant or
hill ; which divided into the number of feet in an acre (43,560), will give the number of
plants or trees to the acre.
8 PROFIT OF FRUIT RAISING.
lle Ole JR CIC IVA TSIUN G.
CRABS.
Mr. Eras SHarpe, of Lockport, N. Y., who has been for many years endeavoring
to find a hardy fruit that will be profitable to grow for market, and who has spent time
and money with a lavish hand to secure this result, says that the most profitable apples
that can be grown are the improved varieties of Crabs. He sent a quantity of this fruit
to Boston one Fall, where one variety sold for $16 per barrel, and the others at $10 per
barrel. Mr. Lovanpo Suarpez, of the same place, after growing them with profit for
several years, planted an orchard of 1,500 trees.
PEARS.
The market value of the Pear is a good indication of the amount of attention which
this fruit deserves. The following are a few examples: Dr. C. W. Grant, of New-
burgh, gathered four hundred specimens from a tree of the Flemish Beauty, only eight
years planted, which he sold for $30. T. G. Yromans, of Walworth, on one occasion
sold nearly his entire crop of one variety at 12 cents each by the barrel ; at another time,
one barrel, filled with one hundred and twenty-five pears, sold for $35.65, and eleven
barrels for $315. T. R. Austry, near Boston (says Hon. MarsHatL P. WILDER), set
out 500 Dwarf Pears. They commenced bearing in about.three years, and have borne
regular and abundant crops ever since. An account was kept of the sales from them for
the second six years, which amounted to $3,498. They occupy about an acre. A wagon
load of pears of the Beurre D’Anjou variety was sold by E. Moony, of Lockport, N. Y.,
in Boston, for $500. We learn that the same man sold at the same place sixty-three
barrels of the same variety at about $20 per barrel, or $1,200 for the lot. This is a very
choice variety of pear.
CHERRIES.
The Cherry can be grown for market with great profit. Many varieties are regular
and abundant bearers, and fruit commands a high price in the market. They can be
sent by express, in baskets, to even distant markets, and thousands upon thousands of
bushels are being dried or canned every year. For canning they bring about ten cents
per pound, and at this price $1,000 per acre would be a very low estimate of sales of a
full grown orchard.
PLUMS.
This fruit always finds a ready market at good prices, and as is well known, the trees
are remarkably productive. It is estimated that an acre of Plums should produce on the
average from 150 to 200 bushel of fruit, which at $4 per bushel (a low average price)
would make the handsome total of $600 to $800. per acre. That this is a low estimate
can be seen from the fact that from 185 to 170 trees should be planted on an acre, and
that good single trees will produce at least ten dollars’ worth of fruit.
PEACHES.
Mr. ARNOLD, of Starkey, N. Y., bought a fruit farm of fifty acres, about one-half in
peaches, and the balance in apples, cherries, grapes and berries. Price paid for farm,
$11,000. In the fall of the same year he sold peaches to the amount of $5,000, the buyer
doing his own packing and marketing. He also received over $1,000 from the other
fruits, thus realizing more than half the purchase money of the farm during the first six
months. Equally favorable results could be given in a great number of instances if
space permitted.
PROFIT OF FRUIT RAISING.
QUINCES.
Orange Quinces have frequently brought $5 per bushel in the eastern markets, and
CHAMPION Quinces will do even better. Planted at 10 feet apart each way we have 430
trees to the acre. After a short time these bushes may be expected to bear from one-
half to one bushel each; this gives at least 200 bushels per acre, and at even $2.50 per
bushel we have an income of $500 per acre.
GRAPES:
FRANKLIN Davis & Co., of Richmond, Va., say: ‘‘ There is no fruit, excepting,
perhaps, the strawberry, that yields so great, so quick and so certain a return for the
attention necessary for its production, as the grape.” Vines have frequently been known
to produce fifty pownds of fruit the fourth year from planting, and at the common price
of fine grapes, fifty pounds would be worth from $4 to $6. Planted ten feet apart, an
acre holds 436 vines. If each vine produces only two dollars’ worth, the income would
amount to $872 per acre. STRAWBERRIES
FRANKLIN Davis & Co., of Richmond, Va., from whom we have just quoted, report
sales from one acre of land, in strawberries, to the amount of $621.72, and they say this
was not the result of an extraordinary yield, or an unusual price.
Three hundred bushels per acre is not an unusual crop, nor ten cents per quart to the
grower an unusual average price.
RASPBERRIES.
Raspberries, both red and black, may be made very profitable with good cultivation.
The demand for them is well illustrated by the fact that one of the canning houses in
this city canned ten tons of Raspberries in a single day. The canning houses pay from 8
to 10 cents per quart for black and 10 to 12 cents for red varieties, but even at these
prices leading growers who have the facilities for so doing prefer to dry their entire
crops. Ohio and Gregg may safely be relied on to yield 250 bushels per acre, and Cuth-
bert 200 bushels per acre.
CURRANTS.
Considering the ease with which currants are grown (for if our directions are followed,
the trouble from worms is not worth considering) there are few fruits that pay better
than currants. They can be shipped to distant markets. The demand for them for
household use, canning, drying, preserving and making jelly, is constant and increas-
ing. They may be relied upon to bring good prices. From 200 to 250 bushels per
acre is a safe estimate of the yield.
GOOSEBERRIES.
The demand for canned Gooseberries, for use as table sauce and in making pies, seems
to be unlimited, and this has caused an unusual degree of interest in this fruit. When
we say that some of the most experienced producers of canned fruits have made planta-
tions of from 10,000 to 20,000 plants of Downing Gooseberry, some idea of the interest
in this fruit may be gathered. The fruit can be picked while green and shipped 1,000
miles without injury. Good plants produce from 250 to 400 bushels per acre, according
to size. They commence to bear at once and bring from $3.00 to $5.00 per bushel.
BLACKBERRIES.
One grower reports that he has received about $650 per acre for his Blackberries. The
bushes averaged 100 bushels per acre, and sold at from twenty to twenty-two cents a
quart.
William Parry, the well-known fruit-grower of Cinnaminson, N. J., says that ‘‘at the
average price at which Blackberries have sold in the market for ten years, a field with
ordinary treatment will yield from $400 to $500 per acre, net.”
COLOSSAL ASPARAGUS.
Peter Henderson, one of the largest gardeners, and the highest authority on this sub-
ject, says the Asparagus crop sometimes yields $1,000 per acre, and for ten years, begin-
ning with the planting, an average annual profit of $400 per acre.
10 z SUMMER APPLES.
FRUIT DEPARA WeNae
SHC WP IPIGIES,,
The first fruit in importance is the apple. Its period of ripening, unlike that of other
fruits, extends nearly or quite through the year. By making judicious selections of
Summer, Autumn and Winter sorts, a constant succession can be easily obtained of this
indispensable fruit for family use.
There is no farm crop which, on the average, will produce one-fourth as much income
per acre as will a good apple orchard. As it takes from six to eight years for an orchard
to come into bearing, some people hesitate to plant, regarding the time and expense as in
a great measure lost. In reply to this we would quote the remarks made by O. C.
Chapin, of East Bloomfield, N. Y., to J. J. Thomas. He said that he considered the
yearly growth of each apple tree planted in his immense orchard of over one hundred and
fifty acres, to be worth fully one dollar before they commenced bearing. He has had
experience of nearly half a century, and he says he considers this a low estimate. At
fifty trees per acre, this would make a yearly increase of value of fifty dollars per acre.
The average prices paid for the fruit is steadily on the increase, and the immense
demand for home consumption, foreign shipment, canning and evaporating, assures us
that prices will continue to increase. :
If apples are planted at the rate of fifty trees per acre, rows of peach trees can be
planted between the apples, which, growing more quickly than the apple trees, soon
protect them from winds, and thus prove a great benefit to them. After eight or ten
years of productiveness, as the space is needed for the apples, the peach trees may be
removed, leaving the orchard better for the protection, and at the same time having
yielded the planter a large return for his outlay and labor.
SUMMER.
Y Early Harvest (Yellow Harvest)—Medium to large; pale yellow; fine flavor. Tree
a moderate, erect grower, and a good bearer; a beautiful and excellent variety for
both orchard and garden. Middle to end of August.
be Early Strawberry—Medium, striped with deep red; tender, sub-acid, and excellent;
a poor grower, but productive. August.
‘Golden Sweet—Rather large; pale yellow; very sweet and good. Strong grower
and good bearer. August.
Y Keswick Codlin—Large, conical; tender, juicy, acid; excellent for cooking. Tree
erect, vigorous, productive and early in bearing. July to October.
‘ Primate—Above medium; straw color, tinged with blush, tender, fine grained, juicy
and sub-acid; a moderate grower and abundant bearer. MRipens August and
September.
*Red Astrachan—Large, roundish ; nearly covered with deep crimson, overspread
with a thick bloom; juicy, rich, acid, beautiful. The tree is a vigorous grower,
\y with large foliage, and a good bearer. August.
Sweet Bough—Large; pale, greenish yellow; tender and sweet. Moderate grower
and good bearer. August.
\ Sops of Wine—Medium size, oblong, red; flesh white, often stained; mild and
; pleasant; productive. August and September.
’ Tetofsky—A Russian apple which has proved profitable for market growing. The
tree is an upright, spreading grower, forming an open head; comes into bearing
extremely early, usually the second year after transplanting, and bears every year.
Hardy asa Crab. Fruit good size, nearly round; yellow, beautifully striped with
red; flesh white, juicy, pleasant, acid, aromatic. July and August.
AUTUMN APPLES. 11
\-
Williams’ Favorite—Medium size, roundish; flesh, yellowish white; flavor very
mild and agreeable; bearsabundantly. Very popular in Massachusetts, especially
about Boston. August and September.
Yellow Transparent—A new Russian variety imported in 1870 through the Agri-
cultural department. | Pronounced by some who have seen it as ‘‘ the most valu-
able early apple ever introduced.” Tree an upright grower and a very early and
abundant bearer. Fruit of good size; skin clear white, turning to a pale yellow;
flavor acid, and very good. Ripens from ten days to two weeks earlier than Early
Harvest.
AUTUMN.
wy : hice : i
Alexander (Emperor)—Of Russian origin. Large; deep red or crimson; flesh yellow-
ish white, crisp, tender with pleasant flavor. Very hardy. October.
“Arabskoe (Arabian Apple)—Large; three inches in diameter, roundish, inclining to
conical; greenish yellow ground, mostly covered with purplish red and a light
bloom; flesh fine grained, white, juicy, sub-acid; a moderate grower; foliage very
large, over four inches long, with long stalks; a beautiful apple. Ripe here in
October, but will keep later.
/ . . . . > .
Autumn Strawberry—Medium, streaked; tender, juicy, sub-acid, fine; vigorous
and productive. September and October.
Colvert—Of large size; striped; sub-acid, tender; a strong grower and great bearer.
October.
Duchess of Oldenburg—Of Russian origin. Large size, roundish; streaked
with red and yellow; flesh whitish, juicy; flavor sprightly, sub-acid; tree a vigor-
ous grower, very hardy; very early and abundant bearer. While it is indispens-
able in the North, it is almost equally so in the South. We confidently recom-
mend it for the orchard as one of the most valuable sorts for market, or in the
garden for domestic use. September.
Fall Jennetting—Large, oblate; pale greenish white, with a blush; tender, juicy,
mild and sub.acid. Tree vigorous, spreading and productive. November.
Fall Pippin—Very large, yellow; tender, juicy and rich. Tree vigorous. October
¥ to December.
Fameuse (Snow Apple)—Medium size, roundish, oblate; whitish ground, striped with
deep red; flesh very white, juicy and pleasant. Tree very hardy; one of the most
valuable Northern sorts. November and December. :
Gravenstein—Large, striped and beautiful; tender, juicy and high flavored; vigor-
ous and productive. September and October.
Vv ’ : : C A
Haas (Gros Pommier, Fall Queen)—Medium size; pale greenish-yellow, shaded and
striped with red; tender, juicy, sub-acid. Tree vigorous and very hardy; up-
right grower; bears early and abundantly. September to November.
Jersey Sweet—Medium, striped red and green; very sweet, rich and pleasant. Good
grower and bearer. September and October.
Maiden’s Blush—Medium size, flat, quite smooth and fair; pale yellow, with beauti-
ful red cheek; tender, sprightly, pleasant acid flavor. Fair grower and good
‘ bearer. September and October.
' Peach (Irish Peach)—Medium size, round or a little flattened; yellowish green,
streaked with brownish red; flesh white, tender and juicy. ‘Tree a moderate
grower and very hardy; highly prized in extreme North. September.
‘ . .
*Porter—Rather large; yellow; tender, rich and fine. Moderate grower, but produc-
tive. September.
‘Pumpkin Sweet—@umpkin Russet)—A very large, round, yellowish russet apple,
very sweet and rich. ‘Tree a vigorous, rapid, upright grower; valuable. October
and November.
' Rambo—Medium; yellowish streaked with dull red and somewhat dotted; mild, ten-
der and good. Fine grower, productive; more especially valuable at the West.
October to December.
12 WINTER APPLES.
\ Red Bietigheimer—A rare German variety, recently introduced. Fruit large
to very large ; skin pale green color, mostly covered with purplish crimson ; flesh
white, firm, sub-acid, with a brisk, pleasant flavor. Tree a free grower and
abundant bearer. This is one of the largest and handsomest of apples, and
promises to be extensively cultivated. September and October.
St. Lawrence—Large ; yellowish, striped and splashed with carmine. Flesh white,
lightly stained, crisp, juicy, tender and vinous. Tree hardy and productive.
September.
‘VSherwood’s Favorite, or Chenango Strawberry—Medium size, oblong, and
indistinctly ribbed ; of a light color, splashed with dark crimson; flesh white,
juicy, very mild and tender, slightly sub-acid, good. September.
Smokehouse—Large ; yellow, shaded with bright red ; flesh firm, crisp, juicy and
fine flavored. Especially esteemed in Pennsylvania. October to November.
“Stump—aA well tried apple, but recently introduced to the public. Of good size ;
roundish, conical. Flesh firm, crisp, tender, sprightly sub-acid, good. Greenish
yellow, shaded with red. Beautifully fair, and has commanded the highest prices
wherever shown. October to December.
Titovka(Titus Apple)—Large ; three and one-quarter to three and a half inches in dia-
meter; roundish, tapering slightly to crown; color greenish yellow striped and
marbled with light red in the sun; usually with a light bloom; flesh rather coarse,
tender, juicy, very mild acid. Tree a free grower and very productive. Foliage
very large. Ripe in September.
V :
Twenty Ounee (Cayuga Red Streak)—Very large, nearly round; yellow, striped
with red. Quality good. Vigorous and good bearer. Popular as a market
variety. November to December.
WINTER.
WwW
AntonovkKa—Russian. Tree perfectly hardy, a true ‘Iron Clad.” Fruit large,
resembling Grimes’ Golden, only more oblong, and, when ripe, has a light golden
color. February & March.
VY Aucubefolia—This is a Russian apple of real merit, nearly as large as Baldwin ; of
fine appearance, and a rich sub-acid flavor. Good for both eating and cooking,
‘ and keeps well into January. Tree perfectly hardy, and very productive.
‘Bailey Sweet—Large, deep red; tender, rich, sweet. Vigorous, upright, good
bearer. November to April.
Baldwin—Larege, roundish; deep bright red; juicy, crisp, sub-acid, good flavor.
Tree vigorous, upright, and-very productive of fair, handsome fruit. In sections
where it thrives, one of the best and most popular winter apples. January to
April.
Belle de Boskoop—Pronounced one of the most beautiful and profitable of the
Russian varieties. Large, bright yellow, washed with light red on sunny side,
and sometimes with a sprinkling of russet; flesh crisp, firm, juicy, sprightly
Y sub-acid ; quality very good ; a late keeper.
Bellefieur, Yellow—Large ; yellow, with blush cheek; very tender, juicy, sub-
acid. In use all winter. Very valuable. A moderate grower and good bearer.
VBen Davis (New York Pippin, Kentucky Streak, &c.)—A large, handsome striped
apple of good quality. Tree very hardy, vigorous and productive; a late keeper;
highly esteemed in the West and South-west.
Bethel—Large ; deep red; flesh crisp and tender. A native of Vermont, where it is
highly prized for its quality and the extreme hardiness of the tree ; a moderate
\ grower. December to February. :
Bottle Greening—Resembles Rhode Island Greening in size and flavor ; but tree a
better grower and much hardier. A native of Vermont. December to March.
Clark’s Orange—New Iron Clad. Originated in Pewaukée, Wis., where for five
successive years it received the first premium at the State fair, and was declared
entitled to the highest award of the Society, on seedlings. Fruit medium to
large, nearly round like an orange ; skin yellow, covered partially with vermillion
and carmine striped; very smooth and beautiful; flesh white, juicy, sub-acid.
Good for dessert or cooking. November to January.
WINTER APPLES. 13
Cooper’s Market—Medium, conical; yellow, striped with crimson ; flesh white,
tender, brisk, sub-acid ; vigorous, upright grower. December to May.
V Delaware Red—Medium to large ; bright red, highly colored ; flesh fine grained ;
crisp, juicy, sub-acid ; excellent. Remarkable for its long keeping qualities, and
an early and abundant bearer. November to February.
Fallawater (Fornwalder, Tulpehocken)—Very large, globular ; yellowish green, dull
red cheek ; juicy, crisp, pleasant sub-acid flavor. Tree a strong grower, very
productive, even while young. November to March.
Franklin Sweet—A new sweet apple which originated in Franklin County, Maine,
and is considered very desirable. It is considered perfectly hardy and good
quality. Fair size, flesh white and very juicy ; color similar to Bellflower; keeps
through January without any trouble and has been kept until March. *We think
S it a very valuable Winter sweet apple.
Gano—Originated in Missouri. Form conical, good size and smooth; deep red,
shaded on sunny side to mahogany, very attractive; flesh pale yellow, fine
grained, tender, pleasant, mild, sub-acid; is a good shipper and keeper; tree
Vv healthy, vigorous and hardy, ‘An annual and prolific bearer. February to May.
Gideon—Raised in Minnesota from Crab seed by Mr. Gideon. An upright grower ;
medium to large ; color yellow, with vermillion blush on sunny side. Mild acid;
quality, very good. December to March.
Golden Russet—Medium size; dull russet with a tinge of red on exposed side;
flesh generally crisp, juicy and high flavored. Tree a vigorous grower and a
Re great bearer. Very popular. November to April.
Grimes’ Golde n (Grimes’ Golden Pippin)—An apple of the highest quality; medium
Vv to large size; yellow. Tree hardy, vigorous, productive. January to April.
Hubbardston Nonsuch—Large ; striped yellow and red ; tender, juicy and fine.
Strong grower and good bearer. November to May.
Hurlbut—Medium size, conical; yellow, shaded with red stripes, and splashed with
darker red; flesh white, crisp and tender, juicy, mild sub-acid ; quality excellent;
begins to bear while young and continues with regular and constant crops ; very
hardy and suited to the extreme North. In season during mid-winter.
King (Tompkins County)—Large and handsome; striped red and yellow. Tree
vigorous and productive ; one of the best. November to May.
‘Lady Apple—A beautiful little dessert fruit; flat, pale yellow, with a deep red cheek;
\ juicy, rich and pleasant. November to May.
Lankford Seedling—Originated in Kent County, Md. Tree a stout grower ; bears
\ young and every year; flesh firm, juicy, mild, sub-acid. January to March.
Longfield—A Russian variety imported some years since. Tree a free, upright
grower, early and abundant bearer. Medium to large; yellow, with a flush on
the sunny side like the Maidens Blush; rich, sprightly, sub-acid ; quality as good
s as Fameuse and somewhat like it. December to March.
Magog Red Streak—Origin, Vermont. Bears annually large crops; valuable for
its extreme hardiness, vigor, productiveness and long keeping ; fruit medium or
nearly so; roundish, inclining to oblong ; skin yellow, shaded with light red over
half the fruit ; flesh yellowish ; a little coarse, moderately juicy; mild, sub-acid.
vv December to March.
Mann—“Fruit medium to large, roundish oblate, nearly regular; skin deep yellow
when fully ripe ; flesh yellowish, half fine, half tender; juicy, mild, pleasant, sub-
acid. Good to very good.” The tree grows straight and symmetrical and makesa
large tree in the orchard. It is an early and annual bearer.
Waste Red—An exceedingly valuable, hardy Canada sort. Medium size, nearly
covered with dark red. Flesh white, fine, very tender, juicy and refreshing. A
good annual bearer of fair, handsome fruit. Resembles the Fameuse, but larger
and more hardy and fully equal in quality to this standard sort. November to
February.
14 WINTER APPLES.
VY Monmouth Pippin (Red Cheek Pippin)—Large ; greenish yellow, with a fine red
cheek ; juicy, tender and good. Tree erect, vigorous and productive. Keeps well
till March or April.
Vwodhead (Jewett’s Fine Red)—Medium sized ; greenish white, striped and splashed
with crimson, having a dull, greyish bloom; flesh tender, juicy, almost sweet.
Popular in northern New England on account of its great hardiness. A great
\ grower and bearer, but needs well manured land.
Northern Spy—tLarge, roundish, slightly conical, somewhat ribbed ; striped, with
the sunny side nearly covered with purplish red. Flesh white and tender, with a
mild sub-acid, rich and delicious flavor ; in perfection in January and keeps till
June. The tree is a strong upright grower, and forms a very compact head ;
should be kept open by pruning, so as to admit the air and light freely.
4
Peter—We take pleasure in calling the attention of all lovers of fine fruit to this new
hardy sort. Origin Wealthy seed, and in form, size, and color an exact duplicate
of the parent, but differing in flavor and season, keeping from four to six weeks
longer. At the Iowa State Fair in 1886 the Peter apple was pronounced by the
judges to be superior to the Wealthy in every respect. The tree is hardier than
the Duchess or Wealthy.
Pewaukee—A seedling from Duchess of Oldenburg. Fruit medium to large, surface
bright yellow, partially covered with dull red ; flesh yellowish white, breaking,
juicy ; flavor sub-acid, rich, aromatic, spicy, something like the Jonathan; quality
Ni good to best. Tree strong grower, and very hardy. January to June.
Plumb’s Cider—A native of Wisconsin, where its hardiness has been abundantly
proved. Tree vigorous, round-headed and productive. Flesh whitish, fine,
tender, juicy, mild, sub-acid. September to January.
V
Rawle’s Janet (Never Fail)—Medium, roundish, ovate; greenish yellow, striped
with red ; crisp, rich and juicy ; one of the best and longest keepers in the South
. and South-west.
‘Rhode Island Greening—Large; greenish yellow; tender, juicy and rich, with
rather an acid flavor; growing strong and spreading; an abundant bearer.
December to April.
v. . .
Russet, Roxbury or Boston—Medium to large; greenish or yellow russet;
crisp, good, sub-acid flavor. Tree vigorous and productive; very popular on
account of its long keeping. June.
Salome—tTree a strong grower; equals Wealthy in hardiness; an early and annual
bearer; fruit of medium and uniform size; quality very good, which it retains
even into Summer; keeps well with ordinary care until July.
’Seek-no-Further (Westfield)—Medium to large; slightly russetted with dull red
stripes; tender, rich, spicy and fine. Good grower and bearer. November to
February.
Smith’s Cider—Medium, striped; flesh tender, juicy, sub-acid; very popular in
Pennsylvania and Western States. December to March.
VY Stark—Esteemed in Ohio as along keeper and valuable market fruit. Fruit large,
roundish; skin greenish yellow, much shaded with light and dark red, and
sprinkled with brown dots; flesh yellowish, juicy, mild sub-acid. January to
May.
Talman’s Sweet—Medium; pale yellow, slightly tinged with red; firm, rich
and very sweet. The most valuable baking apple; vigorous and productive.
November to April.
“Wagener—Medium to large; deep red in the sun; flesh firm; sub-acid and excellent;
very productive; bears very young’ December to May.
“Walbridge—Medium size; striped with red; handsome and of excellent quality.
Vigorous grower and productive. Very hardy and considered of great value in
\ the North and North-west. March to June.
y
Wealthy—A native of Minnesota, where it has proved perfectly hardy, vigorous
and productive. Fruit of medium size, red, streaked with white; quality good.
December to February.
i
|
EXTRA HARDY OR IRON-CLAD APPLES. 15
Vv a
Winesap—Medium; dark red; sub-acid, excellent. Tree a moderate grower and
\ abundant bearer. A favorite market variety in the West. December to May.
Wolf River—A new and beautiful fruit of the very largest size. Originated near
Wolf River, Wisconsin, and may well be classed among the iron-clads. Skin
greenish yellow, shaded with crimson; flesh white, juicy, tender, with a peculiar,
pleasant, mild, sub-acid flavor. Tree a strong, stout grower, and a great bearer.
January and February.
York Imperial—Of medium size, truncated, oval, angular. Skin greenish yellow;
flesh tender, crisp, aromatic. Highly esteemed in Pennsylvania, where it origin-
ated.
EXTRA HARDY OR IRON-CLAD APPLES.
The opinion has prevailed that the attempt to produce valuable apples in the northern
sections of New York, New England, and the adjoining portions of Canada, Wisconsin,
Minnesota, and other sections unfavorable for general fruit growing, must prove a fail-
ure. While this is true as to many varieties successfully grown in more temperate or
favorable regions, its general application is quite erroneous. Experience in growing
Russiati or other varieties of northern origin, has shown that a limited variety of fine
apples can be grown as far north as Montreal, and that some of these varieties may be
planted with equal profit in all sections, North and South.
Below we give a list of the most valuable extra hardy apples, with reference to the
pages of this catalogue on which descriptions of them may be found:
SUMMER. | PAGE
V PAGE NBottle Greening. yee oe 12
mhetofsky <2 225-2... SE ae LOM Melarkisi@ran gc pera? ae ee eee oe 12
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AUTUMN. ee ei PoRueere aay Mnerae 13
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Duchess of Oldenburg___________- EVeiivs|siongheldasss Shee is ee 13
ameuSe e250 Se eee nae see ee (i Wanner fs ep alias, oo dekh Sek: pee ile
tage ea et 8 een 11 |\WMagog Red Streak ___._._________ 13
Gee ot PR eg eee Bee {ile |MIVicIntoshy he dee ee ee 13
Blvtovicare a" eae oe eS A? \ Niodhead sate eee. eee ene ee 14
Peter tes oe titel te ae ae 14
WINTER Baa hee: ee eet eee 14
pAnitonouicai tsa che set 4 EE 10 oiNPlumbsiCidere een ees eee 14
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Wetec ses es ee ie MNwealthye qt eee ere eee ee 14
16 CRAB APPLES.
SHUN ClAIS) AME ILIES,
Within the past few years much attention has been given to improving this class of
fruits, because of their adaptability to cold sections where only a few varieties of apples
can be successfully grown. These efforts have been attended with marked success.
Crab apples succeed equally well in all sections, and are valuable for cider, preserving,
jelly, ornament, and some of the improved sorts are excellent for eating. Sent to the
eastern markets, they command a very high price.
VExcelsior—Raised from seed of Wealthy, in Minnesota. Very hardy, productive, and
one of the best flavored varieties. September.
/General Grant—Tree an erect, vigorous grower; fruit in dense clusters; of high
quality, equal to Duchess of Oldenburg. October to December.
Y Hyslop—Almost as large as Early Strawberry Apple; deep crimson; very popular on
account of its large size, beauty and hardiness. Keeps well into the winter.
Viady Elgin—Fruit beautiful, resembling the Lady Apple. Flesh yellowish, moder-
ately. juicy, mild, sub-acid. Tree a vigorous grower, and very productive. No-
vember and December.
\NMartha—Gideon’s new seedling, No. 5, from Minnesota. Immensely vigorous, hardy,
producing every year. Mr. Gideon says: ‘‘For sauce it surpasses any apple
x we ever grew.” <A great acquisition. October.
Montreal Beauty—Fruit large, bright yellow, mostly covered and shaded with rich
red; one of the most beautiful of all Crabs in appearance. Flesh yellowish. rich,
firm and acid. Very good. October and November.
Orange—Tree moderate grower, an annual and abundant bearer. Fruit larger than
Transcendent. Flesh firm, crisp, juicy and delicious. October to December.
Quaker Beauty—A new, hardy, strong-growing sort; bears large crops of fine fruit.
December to May.
‘Transcendent—All things considered, this is one of the most valuable varieties of
Crab Apples grown. Tree remarkably vigorous, growing to a good size, and
immensely productive. Fruit very large, from one to two inches in diameter,
Excellent for sauce and pies, being juicy and crisp; is also by many considered a
a good eating apple. Skin yellow, striped with red. September and October.
Vv a : : .
Van Wyck—Large; skin mottled with bright red; sweet, Tree vigorous.
*“Whitney’s Seedling—Large, averaging one and a half to two inches in diameter;
skin smooth, glossy green, striped, splashed with carmine; flesh firm, juicy and
rich. Said to be a great bearer and very hardy. Tree a vigorous, handsome
grower. Has no superior if equal.
SAH JP veS.
The cultivation of this noble fruit is rapidly extending as its value is appreciated.
The range of varieties is such that, like apples, they can be had in good eating condition
from August until early Spring. For small grounds and market planting we would ad-
vise planting mainly Dwarf Trees.
The melting, juicy texture, the refined flavor, and the delicate aroma of the Pear,
give it rank above all other fruits, except the grape. The Pear like most things highly
desirable and valuable, cannot be had without attention and labor. The relative prices
of the Apple and the Pear being about as one to ten, purchasers of the latter can well
afford to give the trees the high cultivation necessary to secure the best results.
Dwarf Pears are the result of budding Pears on Angers Quince stocks, and they
must always be planted SUFFICIENTLY DEEP to cover the junction of the Pear and Quince
PEARS. 17
two or three inches—the soil made rich and well tilled, and about one-half the previous
summer’s growth cut off each spring. Under this treatment Dwarfs are everywhere suc-
cessful. The side branches should not be removed higher than one foot from the ground
jn Dwarfs, while Standards may be trimmed to the height of three or four feet if desired.
Train in pyramidal form. Ripen the fruit in the house, Gather when, on gently lifting
the fruit, the stem will readily separate from the limb. Place in a dark room until fully
matured. Winter Pears may hang on the trees until there is danger from frost, then
place in a dry cellar to ripen.
The letters ‘‘D” and ‘‘S,” appended to the descriptions of varieties, indicate favorable
growth either as ‘‘ Dwarfs” or *‘ Standards,” or both.
\ SUMMER
Bartlett—Large size, often with a beautiful blush next the sun; buttery, very juicy and
high flavored. Tree a strong grower; bearing early and ‘abundantly; very popu-
\ lar. Last of August and first of September. Grows best as a Stand: rd.
Beurre Giffard—An excellent variety; medium; greenish yellow, red in the sun;
very early, Tree slender but healthy; very productive. August. D and 58.
Brandywine—Medium size; dull greenish yellow, with a little russet; high flavored
and good quality; melting, sugary and vinous. Tree a vigorous upright grower
and uniformly productive, In season during August and September. D.andS.
re Rapp’ s Favorite—Large size; pale lemon ygilow; figsh fine grained, juicy, melting,
rich, and buttery; a cross between Bartlett and Plemssh Beauty; earlier than
Bartlett, and resembling the Flemish Beauty in growth, having its fruit evenly
distributed over the tree, of a uniform size. It is equally hardy with Flemish
Beauty; a good grower and productive. In season during August and September.
Care should be taken to pick the fruit at least ten days before it would ripen upon the
\ tree. D.andS.
Doyenne dd’ Ete—Small size, yellow, with a blush on sunny side, melting and sweet,
with pleasant flavor. Tree a strong grower and very productive. In season dur.
ing August. D. and §8.
Lawson, or Comet—A new, choice, and reliable Pear. The tree is a vigorous, up-
right grower, productive, bears young and early in the season; foliage clean and
healthy, and its introducer says has never been affected by blight: fruit good
size, yellow, flushed with the most beautiful crimson; flesh crisp and juicy; a firm
good shipper, and a salable and valuable market variety. August.
Le Conte—tTree very vigorous and productive, partaking of the nature of the Chinese
Sand Pear, of which it is a seedling. Fruit large; skin smooth, pale yellow.
\, Quality ordinary. Ripens about with Bartlett.
Manning’s Elizabeth—Below ‘medium size; bright yellow, with a lively red cheek,
dotted with brown and red dots; flesh juicy and melting. A. beautiful dessert
~N fruit. Tree a moderate grower.
Margaret—(Petite Marguerite). Medium size; skin greenish yellow, with brownish
red cheek, and covered with greenish dots. Flesh fine, meliing, juicy, vinous and
of first quality. Tree a vigorous. upright grower, and an early and abundant
bearer. Succeeds admirably as a standard or dw arf. The finest Pear of its season
F and worthy of special attention. Ripens latter part of August. D. and 8S.
Osband’s Summer—Medium size, inclining to round; juicy and melting, with a
rich, sugary flavor, and often slightly perfumed. Tree moder: ately vigorous, an
erect grower and very productive. In season during August.
Vv
Tyson—Above medium size, deep yellow at full maturity, slightly russet, with a crim-
son cheek; melting, juicy and fine-flavored, a vigorous and rapid grower; one of
the finest summer varieties. In season during Augyst.
18 PEARS.
AUTUMN.
Y Anjou (Beurre d’Anjou)—A large, handsome pear, buttery and melting, with sprightly
vinous flavor; keeps into mid-winter. Tree a vigorous grower and good bearer.
We have no hesitation in pronouncing it to be the most valuable pear in the cata-
logue. Does equally well as a standard or a dwarf. Keeps until the winter holi-
days, when it commands very high prices in the market. D. and S.
V
Baronne de Mello—Medium size, enormously productive, hardy, thrifty, quality
very best, rich, melting, vinous. Mr. Barry, Pres. Am. Pom. Society, says: “‘It
is a royal pear.” November to January.
BVA s : . re . O20 :
Belle Lucrative—Large size, yellowish green, melting and delicious; an upright
grower and productive; bears while young; first quality in all respects. In season
during September and October. D. and 8.
AY
Beurre Bosc—A large and beautiful russetty pear; very distinct, with a long neck,
high flavored and delicious. A moderate grower and rather irregular; bears well.
We top graft in order to obtain good standard trees. September and October. 3.
Beurre Clairgeau—We call particular attention to this variety, on account of its
importance and popularity. Its size, early bearing, productiveness and beauty,
render it a profitable market variety. It should only be grown as a standard.
Very large, light yellow, shaded with crimson and russet; an early and abundant
bearer. From its handsome appearance and productiveness, one of our best
market varieties, and is extensively planted for this purpose. S.
Boussock (Doyenne Boussock)—Large; lemon yellow, a little russeted; melting, juicy,
with a sprightly, vineys flavor; good grower. October. S.
“Duchesse. ad’ Angouleme—Very large sige, with rough and uneven surface, of a
greenish yellow, with patches of russét®and a dull réd cheek; a vigorous and
strong grower and good bearer while quite young. It attains its greatest perfec-
\ tion on the Quince root. In season during October and November. D.
Eastern Belle—Originated in Maine; probably a seedling of the Belle Lucrative ;
fruit medium, yellow, shaded with light red and some russet; juicy, half melting,
sweet and rich, with peculiar musky perfume; of excellent quality; very hardy
and an abundant and regular bearer. September. S.
Flemish Beauty—Large size, greenish yellow and brown, with large spots of russet,
rich and juicy, with a melting and musky flavor; an old and highly esteemed
variety, a strong grower and great bearer, hardy and desirable. This variety
ranks for hardiness among Pears as the Duchess of Oldenburg among Apples.
V, In season during September and October. S. - .
Frederick Clapp, or Clapp’s No. 22—A very fine pear. Tree a vigorous
grower. Fruit medium to large, roundish; skin smooth, bright yellow; flesh
whitish yellow, fine, very juicy, melting, rich, highly vinous and slightly aro-
\ matic. Ripens from middle to last of October. 8.
Goodale—tThis hardy pear originated at Saco, Maine. Fruit large, flesh white and of
excellent flavor and quality. Tree hardy, vigorous, and upright in growth, and
uniformly productive; a valuable acquisition. October. 8.
Hardy (Beurre Hardy)—A large pear; cinnamon russet; melting and fine. Tree a
strong grower and good bearer. One of the finest pears, deserving much more
attention than it has hitherto received. October. S. and D.
J
Hoosic—This fine new variety originated in Williamstown, Mass. Fruit large size,
skin greenish yellow, flesh fine grained, melting and juicy, with a rich almond
flavor. In quality it ranks among the best; it is an erect, fine grower, very hardy,
and a great bearer. It has been fruited here for several seasons and we believe we
‘ are safe in recommending it to the public as a desirable sort. Season, October. 8.
Howell—Large size, light waxen yellow, sweet and melting, of excellent quality; a
strong and hardy grower and good bearer. One of the best American varieties
and extensively planted all over the country. In season during September and
October. S. and D.
PEARS. 19
‘indian Queen—Also from Maine; very hardy, vigorous and productive, and a good
market fruit; rather large size; pale yellow with red, moderately juicy and sweet;
it is not a high flavored Pear, but we corfsider it especially adapted to northern
\ sections and of great value for its hardiness and sure crops. September. 8.
Kieffer’s Hybrid—Said to be a hybrid between the Bartlett and the Chinese
Sand Pear. The tree is a vigorous grower, an early and regular bearer and very
productive. Fruit large, rich yellow, tinged with red, some »what russety and very
handsome. Flesh white, buttery and juicy. The editor of Gardner's Monthly
says: ‘‘ We have eaten fruit of the Kieffer Pear which was equal in luscious rich-
ness to any we ever ate.” Ripens in October. Commands the highest price in the
market. The American Agriculturist says: ‘‘ We have not in a long time seen a
V fruit that appears to unite so many eleme nts of popularity.” 8.
Louise Bonne de Jersey—Large size, oblong, pyriform, pale green in the shade,
but overspread with brownish red in the sun; very juicy and melting, with a ric h
and excellent flavor; a profitable market variety, succeeding better on the Quince
V than the Pear root. In season during September and October. D.
President—A very large handsome Pear, greenish yellow with red in the sun. Flesh
juicy, with an agreeable vinous flavor. Popular in New England. November. 8.
Rutter—Fruit medium to large, and nearly globular; skin rough, greenish yellow,
sprinkled with russet; flesh white, moderately juicy, nearly melting, sweet,
\ slightly vinous; good bearer. Very good. October and November. Ss”
Seckel—Small size, yellowish russet, with a red cheek; flesh whitish, buttery; very
juicy and melting, with a peculiarly rich spicy flavor and aroma; the richest and
finest variety known, and extensively planted all over the country. A most pro-
lific bearer. September and October. 8.
Vsheldon—Larg ‘ee size, roundish, greenish yellow, mostly covered with thin light russet,
very juicy; melting, sweet and vinous; a dine grower and good bearer, but does
not’ succeed on the Quince; it should, however, have a place in every colle ction,
no matter how small, on account of its good quality. In season during October
and November. 38.
\Guperfin | Beurre Superfin)—A large, fine pear, very juicy and melting, with a rich,
pee and sprightly sub-acid flavor; all dares considered, one of the best pears
known to cultivators. Its valuable qualities are not sufficiently appreciated. Tree
\ vigorous. October. S.
Swan’s Orange (Onondaga)—A very large, melting, sprightly, vinous Pear. Tree
vigorous, hardy and extremely productive. October and November. S.
ermont Beauty—A beautiful new seedling pear that originated in Northern Ver-
mont. Fruit of medium size; flesh melting, sprightly, and of the best quality;
tree healthy, hardy and very productive. October. S.
\ WINTER.
Duchesse de Bordeaux—Large size, greenish yellow, with lines of russet; flesh
buttery, juicy and sweet, with an agreeable flavor; a very productive and valuable
Vv Winter variety. In season from November to January. 8.
Easter Beurre—Large size, yellow, with a brownish red cheek, of excellent quality,
rich and melting. A moderate strong grower and productive; one of the best
keeping varieties; succeeds best on the ‘Quince root. D.
Jones’ Seedling—Medium size; yellow, shaded with russet; flesh buttery, sugary,
vinous. One of the best. Frequently sells in the Eastern market for $15 per
hy barrel. A free upright grower. 3.
Josephine de Malines—Medium to large, roundish; pale straw color; flesh rose-
colored, melting and delicately perfumed: first quality. Tree a moderate, irregu-
lar grower, with small leaves; fruit borne in clusters; succeeds well on the quince,
though not a handsome grower. This variety improves as the tree advances in
age. One of the most delicious of our long keeping table pears, and it deserves
\ extensive culture. D. and S.
Lawrence—Above medium size, yellow, tender and melting, of eaceleu quality, and
one of the best Winter Pears. In season during Mid- Winter. .and §.
20 CHERRIES.
VMount Vernon—Medium size, light russet: red in the sun; flesh inclining to yellow,
juicy and aromatic. Tree a good grower, an early and abundant bearer. In
season during Mid-Winter. S.
V eae i :
President Drouard—A variety recently introduced from France, highly recom-
mended for its rich flavor and great keeping qualities. Tree a vigorous grower.
Fruit large and handsome; melting and juicy, with a delicious perfume.. March
to May. S.
Vicar of Winkfield—Large size, long, fine, rich yellow when fully ripe, very vigor-
, ous and productive, and one of the best for general cultivation. D. and §.
Winter Nelis—Medium size, greenish yellow, spotted with russet, melting and
buttery, with a rich sprightly flavor, Tree of straggling growth; one of the very
best early Winter Pears. 8S.
SAL CW CisUBIRRIUS,
The Cherry thrives best on a sandy or gravelly soil, and there attains its highest per-
fection, but will do very well in almost any situation except a wet one. It is one of the
most ornamental of all fruit trees, which, with its delicious and refreshing fruit, makes
it very desirable for planting near the dwelling, where beauty and shade, as well as fruit,
are so much sought for and so desirable.
We divide them into two classes, Hearts and Bigarreaus, and Dukes and Morellos.
Thé first are strong and vigorous growers, making large, open, spreading heads or tops,
are best suited for the purposes of shade, and produce large, heart-shaped, sweet fruit.
The Dukes and Morellos are all of slower growth, and do not eyer attain so large a size,
and are more hardy, less liable to get injured by bursting the bark, and generally pro-
duce acid fruits, and make the most beautiful Dwarfs. One and two year old trees are
the most desirable for transplanting, and are usually from four to six feet high.
HEART AND BIGARREAU CHERRIES.
Fruit heart-shaped, with tender, sweet flesh. Tree of rapid growth, with large, soft
drooping leaves.
‘ 0 ae G F =
’ Black Eagle—harge, black; tender, rich, juicy and high flavored. Tree a moderate
grower and productive. Ripe beginning of July.
‘Black Heart—(Black Ox Heart)—A very old variety. Fruit medium size, heart-
shaped, rather irregular; skin glossy, deep black; flesh tender, juicy, rich, sweet.
Tree a rapid grower, hardy and productive. Early in July.
YBlack Russian—European origin. Fruit large, deep black, glossy; flesh very solid
and firm, yet juicy and delicious. The most valuable late sweet Cherry.
"Black Tartarian—Very large; purplish black; half tender; flavor mild and pleas-
ant. Tree a remarkably vigorous, erect and beautiful grower and an immense
bearer. Ripe last of June and beginning of July. One of the most popular yari-
eties in all parts of the country.
Goe’s Transparent—Medium size; pale amber, red and mottled next the sun; ten-
der, sweet and fine; one of the best. End of June. Tree vigorous and erect.
WwW
Downer’s Late—Rather large, light red; tender and juicy; slightly bitter before
fully ripe. Tree a vigorous, erect grower, and productive. One of the best late
cherries.
Early Purple—Small to medium size; purple; tender, juicy and sweet. Growth
free, slender and spreading. First to middle of June.
‘Elton—Large, pointed; pale yellow, nearly covered with light red; half tender, juicy,
rich and delicious. Tree very vigorous, spreading and irregular. End of June.
CHERRIES. 21
2
Gov. Wood—The finest of Dr. Kirtland’s seedlings, of Ohio; clear, light red, tender
and delicious. Tree a vigorous grower and most productive. End of June. Hangs
\ well on the tree.
Knight’s Early—Large, black; tender, juicy, rich and excellent. Tree a free grower
and very productive; branches spreading. Ripe a few days before the Black Tar-
‘4 tarian.
*
Napoleon Bigarreau—Fruit of the largest size; pale yellow, with a bright red
cheek; flesh very firm juicy, and, when fully ripe, of an excellent flavor; tree
\, vigorous and productive. Ripens early in July.
Rockport—Fruit large, obtuse heart-shaped; skin pale amber, light red in the sun,
flesh rather firm, sweet and excellent; tree vigorous, erect, and produces well.
Menmidtcs Bigarreau—A most promising Cherry; fruit of immense size, of a rich,
deep black; flesh dark, tender, very juicy, with a fine flavor; bears abundantly,
V and makes a most noble dish for the table.
Tradescant’s Black (Elkhorn)—Very large; black; very firm, juicy and good.
Tree vigorous and upright, with peculiar gray bark. <A great bearer, and so late
\s as to be very valuable. Middle and last of July.
Windsor—New. A seedling originated at Windsor, Canada. Fruit large, liver-col-
ored, resembling the Elkhorn, or Tradescant’s Black Heart, nevertheless quite
distinct; ripens three or four days after that variety; flesh remarkably firm and of
fine quality. Tree hardy and very prolific. A valuable late variety for market
\ and for family use.
Yellow Spanish—Large, pale yellow, with a bright red cheek in the sun; flesh firm,
juicy and delicious; one of the best, most beautiful and popular of all light-col-
ored cherries. Tree erect, vigorous and productive. End of June.
DUKE AND MORELLO CHERRIES.
These two classes of cherries are very distinct from the preceding. The trees are of
smaller size; and grow more slowly; the leaves are thicker and more erect, and of a deeper
green. The fruit is generally round, and in color varying from light red to dark brown.
The Dukes have stout, erect branches usually, and some of them, like Reine Hor-
tense, quite sweet fruit; while the Morellos have slender, spreading branches; and acid
fruit invariably. These two classes are peculiarly appropriate for dwarfs and pyramids,
on the Mahaleb stock, and their hardiness renders them well worthy of attention in local-
Bes where the Heart and Bigarreau are too tender.
Belle Magnifique—A magnificent, large, red late cherry, excellent for cooking and
fine for table when fully ripe; rather acid, tender, juicy and rich. Tree a slow
grower, but a most profuse bearer; makes a fine dwarf or pyramid on the Mahaleb.
*) Last of July. Very valuable.
Dyehouse—Partakes of both the Duke and Morello in wood and fruit; a very early
and sure bearer; ripens a week before Early Riehmond, of better quality, and
\ quite as productive. June.
Early Richmond—An early red, acid cherry; very valuable for cooking early in the
season. Ripens through June. Tree a free grower, hardy, healthy and very pro-
ductive.
Empress Eugenie—Large, dark red, flesh juicy, rich; tree robust and moderately
N productive.
Late Duke—Large; light red; late and excellent. Tree robust, and makes a nice
dwarf or pyramid. End of July. Valuable.
ci 2A new Morello, one week later than Early Richmond, and claimed to be very
superior. End of June.
ay Duke—An old, well-known, excellent variety; large, dark red; juicy, sub-acid,
rich. Tree hardy, végorous and fruitful; ripens over a long period; fine for dwarfs
and pyramids. Middle of June.
22 PLUMS.
‘nM ontmorency Large—No doubt one of the finest acid cherries; tree very hardy
and an immense bearer; commences to fruit while young, and is loaded annually
thereafter with fine crops; fruit of good size, fine flavor, and of bright, clear, shin-
ing red; valuabie everywhere, especially for northern latitudes; about a week later
than Early Richmond.
Montmorency Ordinaire—A beautiful, large, red, acid cherry; larger and finer
than Early Richmond, and fully ten days later, ripening with Tradescants. Being
extraordinarily prolific and very hardy, it can be recommended as a variety of
great value. Treea free grower.
‘Morello English—Large, dark red, nearly black; tender, juicy, acid, rich. Tree
dwarf and slender; makes a fine bush on the Mahaleb. If trained on a north wall
it may be in use all the month of August. Valuable. p
Olivet—This variety promises to be of the greatest value. Differing from nearly all
other early sorts, it is a very shining deep red, and continues fruiting through
most of June and July without iosing its quality. Fruit large; flesh red, with
rose-colored juice, tender, rich and vinous, with mild, sub-acid flavor; as fertile
and productive as the best of the Duke sorts, and probably the largest of this
class.
{
\Gouhaitn or Russian Cherry—A hardy cherry, imported from the nurseries of
Dr. Regel, of St. Petersburg, Russia. It has been tested in the severest winters of
Minnesota, and found to be perfectly hardy. Charles Downing thus describes it:
“Fruit large, roundish, obovate; flesh liver color, tender, juicy, almost sweet,
sub-acid; very good. Season middle of July.” Morello class.
Vv
Reine Hortense—A French cherry of great excellence; large, bright red; tender,
juicy, nearly sweet and delicious. Tree v¢égorows and bears well; makes a beauti-
\ ful pyramid.
Royal Duke—One of the largest and finest of this class; ripens after May Duke.
SWIC JP UIMS,
The Plum attains its greatest perfection on a strong, clay soil, where they grow the
most thriftily, and suffer the least from the “‘curculio” and ‘‘ black knot,” and, as is
the case with all other fruits, they are greatly benefited by thorough cultivation.
There is no difficulty in protecting the crop of Plums from the attacks of the cwreulio,
by giving it a little extra care. This should be done as follows: Immediately after the
trees have done blossoming, and when the fruit is in its first stages of growth, make the
ground clean and smooth under each tree, and spread a sheet upon it, so that it will
extend as far as the outside edge of the outer branches, and then suddenly jar the tree,
so as to shake down all the stung fruit and insects which should be destroyed. If this
operation be carried on daily for a short time, it will insure a full crop of this delicious
fruit, and will well repay the little daily, attention given it. It is very important that
this should be done early in the morning.
Standard trees are generally ftom four to six feet, and should be encouraged after
planting to form branches low down, or near the ground, and by this means low-headed
trees will be secured.
Y Botan—Lemon yellow ground, nearly overspread with bright cherry and heavy bloom;
large to very large; oblong, tapering to a point like Wild Goose; flesh orange yel-
low, melting, rich and highly perfumed. August.
/ Beauty of Naples—A new variety of the highest promise; size large, color greenish
yellow. Flesh firm, juicy and very fine flavored; tree very hardy and prolific.
Middle of September.
PLUMS. 23
Dihaway 7a Green Gage (Reine Claude de Bavay)—One of the best foreign varieties.
As large as the Washington, and of fine flavor; roundish oval; greenish, marked
with red in the sun. Tree a free grower and remarkably productive. Middle to
end of September. Hangs long on the tree.
Bradshaw—A very large and fine early plum; dark violet red; juicy and good. Tree
v erect and vigorous ; very productive; valuable for market.
Coe’s Golden Drop—Large and handsome, oval; light yellow; flesh firm, rich and
sweet; adheres to the stone. Tree a moderate grower and very productive. Valu-
able not only on account of its large size and fine appearance, but its lateness.
\ Last. of September.
Duane’s Purple—Very large and handsome, oval; reddish purple; flesh juicy and
sweet; adheres to the stone. Tree a moderate grower and very productive.
Beginning of September.
‘Fellemberg (French or Italian Prune)—A fine late Plum; oval; purple; flesh juicy
and delicious; parts from the stone; fine for drying. Tree a free grower and very
productive. September.
‘German Prune—Medium; oval; purple or blue; juicy, rich, fine. Tree vigorous
and very productive. September.
Vv
General Hand—Very large; yellow, handsome; parts freely from the stone. Tree
\ stocky, vigorous and productive. September.
Geuii—Fruit very large, deep bluish purple, covered with thick bloom; flesh yellowish
green, coarse, sweet and pleasant; great bearer and very early; tree a hardy and
rapid grower. This new variety is regarded-as very valuable for market by
\ growers along the Hudson river. First to middle of September.
Grand Duke (New)—A valuable addition to late plums; as large as the Bradshaw,
of same color, and ripening latter part of September. Entirely free from rot.
Green Gage—Small, but of the highest excellence. Tree a moderate grower. We
have to top graft it to get good trees. September.
Imperial Gage—Rather large; oval; greenish; flesh juicy, rich and delicious; parts
from the stone. Tree a vigorous grower; very productive and one of the best of
plums. Middle of August.
Jefferson—aA fine variety; yellow with a red cheek; flesh orange-colored, juicy and
rich; parts from the stone. Tree a slow, poor grower, but productive. End of
August. E
Lombard—Medium size; oval; violet red; flesh yellow, juicy and pleasant. Tree
very vigorous, a great bearer, and peculiarly well adapted to light soils. Septem-
+ ber.
Mariana—An accidental seedling originating in Texas. An unusually strong, rapid
grower. Fruit larger than the Wild Goose. Round, and of a peculiar light red
color. Its productiveness is marvellous, and it ranks among the best, if not the
\v best of the Chickasaw varieties. August.
‘
Monroe—Medium size; greenish yellow; flesh firm, rich and sweet; tree very vigorous
and healthy; bears abundantly. In season during September.
“Mooer’s Arctie—Size medium or below; skin purplish black, with a thin blue
bloom; flesh greenish yellow, juicy, sweet, and pleasant flavor. Charles Downing
speaks of it as follows: ‘‘ A new, hardy plum, which originated on the high lands
of Aroostook county, Maine, where, unprotected and exposed to cold, it has for
many years born enormous crops, and is claimed to be the hardiest plum grown,
and so far free from black knots. Tree healthy, vigorous; an early and abundant
y bearer.”
Niagara—Of extra large size and first rate flavor. Color dark blue; good bearer, not
liable to rot. Ripens about August lst. E. Moody & Sons, of Lockport, N. Y.,
says it is one of the most profitable varieties to grow, and rank it very high. We
y regard it as one of the best new ‘varieties.
\
Pond’s Seedling, or Font Hill—A magnificent English plum; form of Magnum
Bonum; light red changing to violet; flesh rather course. Tree a vigorous grower
and most abundant bearer. One of the most attractive in cultivation. September.
24 ; PEACHES. —
*Prunus Simoni—aA distinct species from China. Growth erect, flowers small, white,
appearing early in Spring; fruit large, flattened, of the size and appearance of a
Nectarine, and of a brick-red color; flesh yellow, with a peculiar aromatic flavor.
” Quackenboss— popular Hudson river variety; large, deep purple; flesh greenish
yellow, juicy and sweet, with a sprightly flavor; good. September.
; Shipper’s Pvride—Originated in the State of New York near Lake Ontario. An
unusually thrifty grower, and stands our coldest Winters without injury. Very
productive, the original tree having never failed to produce a good crop since it
was old enough to bear. Fruit of large size and nearly round ; color handsome
dark purple; quality fine, juicy and sweet; excellent for cannihg and an unusual
good shipper. Ripens from first to middle of September; a splendid market
j plum.
Shropshire Damson (or Prune Damson)—An English variety of great merit for
preserving. Large, and much more desirable than the common Damson. Tree
vigorous grower, very free from attacks of curculio; hardy, and an abundant
\y bearer. October.
Smith’s Orleans—Very large; reddish purple; flesh yellow, firm and juicy, with a
rich, brisk, vinous flavor. Grows well and bears abundantly; very fine. Last of
August.
\
‘Stanton—Fruit medium size; color dark purple, with a beautiful bloom; very pro-
ductive; ripens from September 15th to October 1st, and has been kept two weeks
after ripening with no tendency to decay; asa fine canning fruit it has no super-
ior, and has fine quality as a table fruit.
v
Warner’s Late (Middleburgh)—Fruit large; skin red, with a blue bloom; very fine
grained; free, vigorous and productive, and said never to be troubled with black
Vv knot. Ripens in October after all others are out of the market.
Washington (Bolmar’s Washington)—All things considered, this is one of the finest
and most popular Plums. Fruit very large, roundish oval; skin yellow, with a
slight crimson blush in well ripened specimens; flesh very sweet and luscious.
Tree vigorous, with broad, handsome foliage; very productive. Last of August.
Wild Goose—A good variety of the Chickasaw; medium; roundish; oblong; reddish
yellow; valuable and profitable at the South and Southwest, where the European
plum will not succeed. Tree a free grower.
Yellow Egg (Magnum Bonum Yellow)—Very large and beautiful; yellow; a little
coarse but excellent for cooking; vigorous and productive. August.
\ Yellow Gage (Prince’s Yellow Gage)—Fruit large, oval; skin golden yellow; flesh
deep yellow, rich, sugary and melting. ‘Tree very vigorous and productive.
Middle of August.
SJ IT IAC S02,
The ease with which Peach trees may be cultivated, their comparative freedom from
disease, the short period before they become productive, with the immense demand for
the fruit and the facility with which it may be shipped to distant markets, make peach
growing extremely profitable.
To secure healthy, vigorous and fruitful trees, the ground must be kept clean and
mellow, and it should receive an occasional dressing of wood ashes. It should be re- -
membered that peaches are all borne on wood of the previous season’s growth, and that
this makes it absolutely necessary to prune the trees yearly, to remove dead branches and
let in light and air, and keep the trees in good shape to produce bearing wood.
'Y Alexander—Originated near Mt. Pulaski, Ils. Medium size; skin greenish white,
nearly covered with rich red; flesh melting, juicy, sweet; tree vigorous and pro-
ductive; ripens two weeks earlier than Hale’s Early.
PEACHES. 25
Amsden—Originated at Curthage, Mo., in 1882. Medium size; skin greenish white,
nearly covered with purple in the sun; ripens with the Alexander and closely re-
sembles that variety, but some think it a little higher flavored.
Amelia—A very large and handsome freestone peach, white, nearly covered with
crimson. Small stone, white flesh, juicy, with sweet, rich and vinous flavor. One
of the best and most desirable for home consumption, but too tender for long
transportation. Ripens with Crawford’s Early, or just before.
‘Barnard’s Early (Yellow Alber ge)—Medium to large; yellow, cheek purplish red,
flesh yellow, red at the stone, juicy, sweet and rich. ‘One of the very best yellow
\ fleshed peaches. First to middle of September.
4
Crawford’s Early—A magnificent large yellow peach of good quality. Tree vigor-
ous and very produc tive. Its fine size, be: vuty and productiv eness make it one of
the most popular sorts; no other v: ariety has been so extensively planted. First of
September.
Crawford’s Late—Fruit of large size; skin yellow, or greenish yellow, with dull
red cheek; flesh yellow; tree vigorous, moderately productive; one of the finest
\ late sorts. Last of September.
Conkling—A new, large, beautiful golden yellow peach; marbled with crimson; suc-
ceeds the Crawford’s Early; of,fine quality; very handsome.
Downing—Of good size; a deep red color; as early, and better than Amsden. Tree a
vigorous, compact grower. Very desirable
Y
Early Canada—Originated at Jordan, Canada. As early as the earliest. Of good
size, of firm quality, and handsome appearance. Its earliness, origin, and the fact
that the flesh cleaves from the stone almost as freely as with the later varieties,
creates an unusual demand for trees of this variety.
‘Early Rivers—Large; color creamy white, with a delicate pink cheek; flesh melting,
with a remarkably rich, racy flavor. Larger and ten days later than Alexander.
One of the finest of all peaches for home use or near -by market.
Early York (Serrated Early York, Early Purple)—Medium size; greenish white,
\ covered in the sun with dull red; flesh greenish white, very tender.
Foster—Originated near Boston, Mass. Large; deep orange red, becoming very dark
red on the sunny side; flesh yellow, very rich and juicy, with sub-acid flavor.
Ps Ripens with Early Crawford. Very handsome.
Garfield, or Brigdon—A new Peach; originated in Cayuga Co., N. Y. Flesh
yellow, very rich and juicy; color deep orange red. Middle of September.
Globe—A rapid, vigorous grower, and an enormous bearer; fruit very large, globular
in form; flesh firm, juicy, yellow, shaded with reddish crimson towards the pit or
stone; quality good; very rich and luscious. September and October.
Pemee? s Golden—This is without doubt one of the most valuable yellow fleshed
peaches. Large, round, rich golden yellow, almost covered with deep crimson ;
flesh firm, yellow, juicy, rich, and of the highest quality ; pit very small. Tree a
strong grower, hardy and an annual bearer of immense crops of beautiful fair
fruit. One of the best and most profitable for market. Ripens just after Craw-
ford’s Early.
Hale’s Early—Medium size; greenish white; with red cheek; first quality. Tree
healthy, good grower and productive.
*Hill’s Chili—Tree very hardy, slow grower, great bearer ; excellent ; late.
Honest John—Medium to large; yellow; flesh yellow, of good quality. Tree
vigorous and productive. First of September.
Jacques’ Rareripe—Very large, deep yellow; hasa high reputation. Last of August.
V . . . . . . .
Large Early York—Large, white, with red cheek ; fine grained, very juicy, rich
and delicious; vigorous and productive; one of the best. Last of August.
Lord Palmerston—Originated with the celebrated nurseryman, Thomas Rivers, of
England. Fruit very large, skin whitish, with a pink cheek; flesh firm, melting,
rich and sweet. Last of September.
26 PEACHES.
Vay? ’s Choice—New; a large and beautiful yellow Peach of the highest quality,
ripening immediately after the Early Crawford ; in size and form closely re-
sembling that variety, but superior to it in richness of color and high vinous
flavor ; tree a good bearer ; very desirable. Last of August.
vi
AiGantain Rose—Large ; red; flesh white, juicy, rich and excellent; one of the
best early Peaches, ripening with Troth’s Early, and much larger and finer than
that variety. Should bein every collection. First of August.
\Morris White—Medium ; straw color, tinged with red ; juicy and delicious ; pro-
ductive. Middle of September.
YOld Mixon Cling—Large; pale yellow, with red cheek; juicy, rich and high
flavored ; one of the best clingstone peaches. Last of September.
“Old Mixon Free—Large ; pale yellow, with a deep red cheek; tender, rich and
good ; one of the best. First to middle of September.
Red Cheek Melocoton—A famous, old, well-known and popular variety ; large,
oval; yellow, with a red cheek . flesh yellow, juicy, rich and vinous. Tree very
har dy and productive ; valuable forthe orchard. Succeeds Crawford’s Late.
Salway—Fruit large, roundish; deep yellow, with a rich, marbled, brownish red cheek;
flesh yellow, firm, juicy, rich and sugary. Promises highly as a late showy
market sort.
‘Smock Freestone—Large size ; light orange yellow, with red cheek ; flesh yellow,
juicy, rich, and free from the stone. Ripens in October.
Stevens’ Rareripe—New, and said to be producing remarkable crops in the vicinity
of the Hudson river, which are sold at very high rates; fruit resembles our
enlarged Old Mixon Free, being of very high color and very beautiful. Very pro-
ductive and free from disease. Commences to ripen immediately after Late
Crawford, and continues three or four weeks. Last of September and first of
October.
“Steadley—Large, round, of a greenish white color, flesh white to the stone, and of a
delicious flavor ; freestone, very hardy. First of October.
’ Stump the World—Very large, roundish ; skin white, with a bright red cheek ;
flesh white, juicy and good. End of September.
Troth’s Early—A very carly and excellent peach, of mreditace size ; whitish, with a
fine red cheek ; flesh juicy, sweet and very good ; one of the most popular and
profitable varieties for early marketing. Middle of J uly.
Wager—Large ; yellow, more or less colored in the sun; juicy and of a fair flavor.
While the highest quality cannot be claimed for this fruit, the trees have such
remarkable vigor and vitality that they not only produce fruit in great quantities,
but produce it with a degree of certainty and regularity which is quite unusual.
These facts commend it to all See for market, canning and drying purposes.
Last of August.
‘Waterloo—Originated at Waterloo, N. y. Of medium to large size ; color whitish
green, marbled with red, deepening into dark purple crimson in the sun; flesh
greenish white, with an ‘abundance of sweet, vinous juice ; adheres some to the
stone, like Amsden, Hale’s Early, etc. Ripens about with Alexander. For so
early a peach it is a remarkable keeper, ripe specimens having been kept in perfect
condition for nearly a week. This makes it valuable for shipping.
W heatland—Originated with D. 8. Rogers, near Rochester, N. Y. Mr. R., who has
large orchards, including the leading sorts thinks this the finest of all. Fruit
large ; color golden yellow, with crimson tint; flesh firm and of fine quality.
Ripens between Crawford’s Early and Late.
\yYellow Rarerip { deep yellow, dotted with red; melting, juicy, with a
rich flavor. Ripens one week later than Crawford’s Harly. Closely resembles
Jacques’ Rareripe.
Vv
APRICOTS AND NECTARINES. 27
SeLBeCY HP RICOES:
A delicious fruit of the plum series, valuable for its earliness. It is liable to be
attacked: by curculio, and requires the same treatment as the plum_; it bears immense
crops, ripening in July and August.
Breda—Small ; dull orange, marked with red; juicy, rich and vinous; productive
and hardy. First of August.
arly Golden (Dubois)—Small; pale orange; juicy and sweet; hardy and pro-
ductive. First of July.
Moorpark—One of the largest ; orange. with a red cheek; firm, juicy, with a rich
flavor ; very productive. August.
\Peach—Very large ; orange. with a dark cheek ; juicy and high flavored.
RUSSIAN APRICOTS.
These are quite distinct from other European varieties. Their leading characteristics
are extreme hardiness, early bearing, productiveness, and freedom from diseases. The
following are the best that have been thoroughly tested :
N = . sale :
Alexander—YVery hardy ; an immense bearer ; fruit large, yellow, flecked with red ;
very beautiful, sweet and delicious. July.
vAlexis—Very hardy, an abundant bearer ; yellow with red cheek, large to very large,
slightly acid, rich and luscious. July.
“N : yr ° . ° ° P
- Catherine—YVery hardy, vigorous and productive ; medium sized, yellow, mild, sub-
acid, good. July.
YGibb—Tree hardy, grows symmetrical, productive; fruit medium, yellowish, sub-acid,
juicy and rich ; the best early variety, ripening soon after strawberries. A great
acquisition. Last of June.
Vv ; < .
J. L. Budd—tTree a strong grower and profuse bearer ; fruit large, white with red
cheek ; sweet, juicy, with a sweet kernel, as fine flavored as an almond ; the best
late variety, anda decided acquisition. August.
Nicholas—Tree hardy and prolific ; fruit medium to large, white, sweet and melting.
A handsome and valuable variety. July.
' NECTARINES.
This is a delicious, smooth-skin fruit, much resembling the Peach, of which it is
only a distinct variety. It is subject to the attacks of the Curculio. and the same treat-
ment is recommended as is necessary to secure the Plum in perfection. They are budded
on the Peach stock, and sold at the age of one year, being then from three to four feet
in height.
’ Boston—Large size ; bright yellow ; with red cheek ; flesh sweet and pleasant ; a free
stone variety. August.
Downton—Large ; greenish white, with a dark red cheek ; flesh greenish white, rich
and high flavored ; one of the best. Freestone.
VeEarly Violet (Violet Hative)—Medium size ; yellowish green, with a purple cheek,
flesh pale green; melting, rich and highly flavored ; freestone. Last of August.
v Victoria—Very large ; the finest of all the English varieties.
3
28 QUINCES AND GRAPES.
OQOPpUNiCizs,
The Quince is generally well known and highly esteemed for cooking and preserving.
It thrives best in a deep, rich soil, and is benefitted by a clean, high cultivation. It is
said to be improved by the application of salt in small quantities. The Quince is usually
sold at the age of two or three years, and is from three to four feet in height.
VALUE FOR MARKET.
The fruit is very profitable, as it requires but little space, and is very productive.
Planted at ten feet apart each way, we have 480 trees per acre. A low estimate of the
yield of an acre of Quinces would be 200 to 250 bushels which at a very low price
would bring more than $500.
Apple or Orange—Large; bright golden yellow. One of the best and most
desirable quinces in cultivation.
YChampion—Fruit very large, fair and handsome. Tree very productive, surpassing
any other variety in this respect; bears abundantly while young; flesh cooks as
tender as the apple, and without hard spots or cores. :
Meech’s Prolific—A valuable new quince, remarkable for its early and regular
bearing and great productiveness. The fruit is of good size and form, and
beautiful color; it is shaped like a handsome pear, with smooth, fine skin, of a
bright orange yellow ; flesh very fragrant, delicious and tender. Unsurpassed for
\V cooking.
Missouri Mammoth—New, from Missouri. Tree a strong grower and produces
immense crops of very large, fine fruit, of good quality.
’ Rea’ s (Rea’s Mammoth)—We consider this the best of all the quinces. The largest and
in every respect the finest variety of the quince. A strong grower and very
productive.
SEL E Cis GHAR ES:
The Grape is the most healthful of all fruits, and the most highly esteemed for its
many uses. It can be grown by everyone who has a garden, a yard, ora wall. It can
be confined to a stake, bound to a trellis, trained over an arbor, or extended until it
covers a large tree or building, and ‘still it yields its graceful bunches, and luscious,
blooming clusters. Capable of most extraordinary results under wise management, it
is prone also to give the greatest disappointment under bad culture or neglect. Other
fruits may be had from plants that know no care; but grapes are to be had only through
attention and forethought. We will endeavor to point out a few essential points in its
successful culture, and refer the cultivator to other and more extended works for more
details. ;
Soils.—Good grapes are grown on various soils, sandy, clayey, loamy, etc. The
soil must be well drained, and there should be a free exposure to the sun and air. Hill-
sides unsuitable for other crops are good places for grapes.
Crops.—Crop grapes moderately, if you would have fine, well ripened fruit. A
vine is capable of bringing only a certain amount of fruit to perfection, proportioned to
its size and strength; but it usually sets more fruit than it can mature; reduce the crop
carly in the season to a moderate number of good clusters and cut off all the small, infe-
rior bunches; the remainder will be worth much more than the whole would haye been.
A very heavy crop is usually a disastrous one.
eerie Ata
GRAPES. 2
Pruning.—<Annual and careful pruning is essential to the production of good
grapes. If the roots are called upon to support too much wood, they cannot bring to
maturity a fine crop of fruit. The pruning should be done in November, December,
February or March, while the vines are entirely dormant.
Training Vines.—There are many methods of training grape vines, but as trel-
lises are more generally employed, we will confine our suggestions to a description of the
trellis method. To construct a trellis, take posts of oak, cedar or chestnut, 8 to 10 feet
long; set them 38 feet in the ground and about 12 feet apart. Stretch No. 9 galvanized
wire tightly along the posts, and fasten them to each. Let the first wire be 18 inches
from the ground, and the distance between the wires about 12 inches. Wooden slats
about 1 by 2 inches may be substituted for wires. Trellises should be at least 10 feet
apart; a greater distance is preferable. Set the vines about 20 feet apart. Prune the
vines to two canes each for two years after they are planted. In February or March
these canes should be cut back to 5 or 6 feet each, and tied along the lower wire or slat
of the trellis, horizontally.
FRUITED GRAPE VINE.
When the growth commences in spring, the young shoots must be reduced by dis-
budding, so that they may stand about a foot apart on the cane, selecting, of course,
strong, healthy shoots; as they grow they are tied up to the second, third and fourth
wire or slats, and all superfluous ones removed, as well as the young laterals which
will appear on vigorous vines; but the fruit-bearing shoots are allowed to extend themselves
at will until September, when they may be pinched off at the end to assist the ripening
of the wood. The vine in the autumn, with the fruit on, will present the appearance of
the above cut, and before pruning in the autumn, after the leaves are off the following
appearance. The next pruning, which may be done in
November or December, if it is desirable to lay the }
vines down and cover them over for the winter, or in
February or March if not laid down, consists in cutting
back all the young wood of the previous year’s growth
(except such shoots as may be required to extend the BEARING VINE BEFORE PRUNING.
horizontal arms) to within one or two good buds of the bearing canes on the lower wire,
giving the vine the appearance of the following cut :
PRUNED VINE.
Each season thereafter the vines are to be treated in the same manner, cutting back
every year to the /ower wire or slat, extending the vine only in a horizontal direction,
30 GRAPES.
thinning vines in the rows by digging up every other plant if necessary; but never grow-
ing any grapes above the second wire, and renewing the bearing canes by new shoots
from the stump when required.
Gathering and Keeping.—Grapes for keeping to be used in their fresh state
should be allowed to remain upon the vines until perfectly matured, but not much
longer. Pick them when perfectly dry. Let them stand in open baskets or boxes for
about ten days, in a cool, dry room; and after sorting out all decayed or imperfect
berries. pack them in shallow boxes and cover closely. Use no paper, but basswood or
elm boxes, if convenient. Pine and other resinous woods should not be used, as they
flavor the fruits disagreeably. After packing, keep the boxes where it is both cool and
dry. Under careful management some varieties may be kept until spring.
V CLASS I.—BLACK GRAPES.
Barry (Rogers’ No. 43)—Bunch large but rather short; berries large, roundish, much
like Black Hamburgh; delicate, sweet and tender. Ripens with Concord. Vine
‘ve vigorous and productive. One of the largest and finest of the Rogers’ Hybrids.
Champion—aA large grape of medium quality; a strong grower and very hardy; the
7 earliest of all; succeeds in all sections, and this makes it a valuable market grape.
Clinton—Bunches small and very compact; berries small with sprightly flavor; when
thoroughly ripe is a good table grape, and keeps well.
Concord—A large, handsome grape, ripening a week or two earlier than Isabella; very
hardy and productive. Sweceeds over a great extent of country, and although
not of the highest quality, is one of the mos@ popular market grapes.
’ Downing— —Vine very Vizoxous, very productive, short jointed; leaves medium sized,
lobed, coarsely serrated, thick, and overlap; bunch very large (ten to twelve
inches long), compact shouldered: berr y large to very large, oval or roundish oval,
black with grayish bloom; flesh firm; meaty, tender, sweet, rather rich; very
good. A promising market grape. Ripe September 10th to 20th.
, leathery, covered on the underside with a thick brownish-
yellow Aone: ’ Bunch very large, weighing 12 to 25 ounces; compact, often
double shouldered; berries very large, many one inch in diameter, round, black,
_ covered with a heavy blue bloom; adheres firmly to the stem. Seeds large, from
one to four; skin thin, but tough, with no bad taste when eaten close; pulp quite
large, tender, dissolving easily in the mouth. Very juicy, as good or better -
quality than the Concord, with much less of the native odor. Ripens with Con-
\ cord or a little earlier.
Early Victor—This new extra early grape of Kansas origin, is gaining a good repu-
tation throughout the entire country. In bunch and berry it is rather below the
average, but ripens very early, and what is of special importance, it is very pure
in flavor with very little pulp, and without a trace of foxiness or other unpleasant
taste, while it is exceptionably sweet, sprightly and vinous, never cracks, and
adheres firmly to the bunch. Vine as hardy as the Concord and one of the few
that resists mildew perfectly. Color black with a fine bloom. Last of August.
EKumelan—A native black grape. Bunches above medium, very handsome, double
shouldered and moderately compact; berries round or slightly oval; in size
medium, in color black. Its flesh is tender to the very center; its flavor rich,
vinous and sprightly. Ripens early.
Hartford Prolific—Bunches rather large; berries large, globular; color almost
black, covered with a beautiful bloom; of fair quality; ripens three weeks before
the Isabella; valuable for its abundant bearing and early maturity.
: Herbert (Rogers’ No. 44)—Bunch rather long but compact; berry large; tender, sweet
and rich; early and productive. A handsome variety, and one of the best of the
Rogers’ in quality.
Vive’s Seedling—Hardy, productive, with a tough, acid centre. Valuable at the
South.
GRAPES. 31
4¢ — —E — — $$
Isabella—An old, standard sort, highly prized where it will thoroughly mature.
Bunches long, large, loose; berries large, oval, sweet and musky; a good keeper.
Merrimace (Rogers’ 19)—Bunch medium to large; berry large, sweet and rich; vigor-
ous and productive; one of the earliest and best of the Rogers’ sorts.
Mills—This variety was raised by Mr, William H. Mills, of Hamilton, Ont., by cross-
ing Muscat Hamburgh with Creveling. Bunch very large, compact, shouldered,
some clusters weighing over twelve ounces. Berry large, round, jet black,
covered with a thick bloom; flesh firm, meaty, juicy, breaking with a rich,
sprightly flavor. Skin thick; berries adhere firmly to the peduncle. Vine vigor-
ous and productive; foliage large and healthy. Ripens about with the Concord,
or a little later, and is a long keeper.
Moore’s Early—Raised from seed by John B. Moore, Concord, Mass., in 1872.
Bunch large; berry round (as large as the Wilder or ‘Rogers’ No. 4); color black,
with a heavy blue bloom; quality better than the Concord; vine exceedingly
hardy; has never been covered in winter, and has been exposed to a temperature
of more than twenty degrees below zeY0, without injury, and it has been entirely
exempt from mildew or “disease. Its earliness makes it desirable for an ear ly crop,
and more particularly adapts it to New England and the northern portion of the
United States, maturing as it does ten days before the Hartford, and tw enty before
V the Concord.
Wilder (Rogers’ No. 4)—Bunch very large, compact, shouldered; berry large, round,
black; flesh tender, slight pulp at center, juicy, sweet. Ripens about with Con-
cord. Vine vigorous, hardy and a good bearer. Regarded as one of the best of
the black varieties, and on account of its size and beauty is very valuable for
market.
orden—Said to be a seedling of the Concord. Bunch large, compact, handsome;
berries large 1 of the Concord. It ripens a few days earlier, and
is superior to it in flavor. Destined to become very popular for the vineyard and
garden.
y CLASS II1—RED OR PURPLISH GRAPES.
Agawam (Rogers’ No. 15)—Bunches large, generally loose; berries large, round; color
dark red or maroon; flesh quite tender, juicy, vinous, with a peculiar flavor, much
admired by some; vine vigorous and productive. Like the others of Mr. Rogers’
Hybrids, this vs ariety is liable to mildew in cold, damp locations, and is not suited
to the extreme north.
Panber Queen—A new and promising variety, which originated in Massachusetts.
Bunch and berry of medium size; color light amber; flesh tender to the center;
juicy, sprightly and delicious. Larger than and as early as Delaware.
juicy, sprightly 1 del Larger tl 1 as earl Del
Brighton—Our experience with the vine and fruit of the Brighton has convinced us
more and more thoroughly of its superiority as a family grape. Its remarkable
vigor and hardiness of vine, large compact bunches, rich wine shade of’ the
ripened berry, delicate skin, tender, almost seedless pulp, sugary juice and rich
flavor, are combined qualities that are not united to such a ‘degree i in any other
sort with which we are acquainted. It ripens a week to ten days before the Dela-
ware and bears most abundantly; having thick, large foliage, it is enabled to
withstand the heat of the Summer, and being a vigorous grower, it exhibits
extreme hardiness, and is enabled to endure the * Winter in extreme localities. We
commend this sort especially as a standard variety for the vineyard or garden. See
next page.
Catawba—Well known as the great wine grape of Ohio, Kentucky, ete. Bunches
large and loose; berries large, of a coppery red color, becoming purplish when
well ripened; two weeks later than Isabella; requires the most favorable soils and
situations, good culture and warm seasons, to mature in Western New York,
\ Delaware—Still holds its own as one of the finest grapes. Bunches small, compact,
shouldered; berries rather small; round; skin thin, light red; flesh very juicy,
without any hard pulp, with an exceedingly sweet, spicy and delicious flavor,
Vine moderately vigorous, hardy and productive. Ripens two weeks before the
Isabella.
32 GRAPES.
aaa] BSSESSSSSSSa SS
BRIGHTON.
GRAPES. 33
V ane
Diana—A bout the same size and color of the Catawba, of which it is supposed to be a
seedling; a beautiful and delicious grape; ripens about the same time as the Isa-
bella. Vine remarkably vigorous; rather a shy bearer while young.
YGeertner (Rogers’ No. 14)—Bunch large; berry very large, round; skin thick. color a
beautiful light red, with bloom; fruit almost transparent; pulp tender, sweet,
pleasant, rich. The most showy grape in our collection. Vine vigorous and _ pro-
ductive. Desirable either for the garden or vineyard.
Tona—Bunch medium to large, shouldered; flesh soft, tender, juicy, brisk sub-acid,
high flavored, sprightly and refreshing; keeps till mid-winter with its freshness
unimpaired. In this locality one of the finest table grapes. <A little earlier than
Catawba. Should be in every garden where the climate admits of its being ripened.
It must not be allowed to overbear.
Jefferson—Produced by a cross of the Concord and Iona, by J. H. Ricketts, New-
burgh, N. Y. Bunch large, shouldered, often double shouldered, compact; berry
medium to large, roundish, oval; skin rather thick, light red, with a thin lilac
bloom; flesh meaty, yet tender, juicy, swect, slightly vinous, aromatic and rich.
A handsome, excellent grape where the season is long enough for it to mature.
Lindley (Rogers’ No. 9)—Bunch medium, somewhat loose ; berry medium to large ;
round; color a rich shade of red, rendering it a very handsome and _ attractive
grape; flesh tender, sweet, with a rich aromatic flavor; ripens soon after the Dela-
ware; vine vigorous and productive. It sometimes fails to set a full crop. We
7 regard itas one of the best red grapes in our collection.
Massasoit (Rogers’ No. 3)—Bunch medium, rather loose, as the fruit does not always
set well; berry medium, brownish red; flesh tender and sweet; very good; one of
the best flavored of the Rogers’. Early as Hartford. A desirable garden variety.
\Moyer—A new grape originated in Canada. In habit of growth and hardiness it re-
sembles the Delaware very much, but ripens earlier. Flavor sweet, delicious; skin
tough but thin; pulp tender and juicy.
VNorfolk—A new variety of great vigor and hardiness, originating in Massachusetts.
It resembles the Catawba so closely in color and flavor that a committee of the
Massachusetts Horticultural Society visited the grounds of the originator, only to
find that while the Norfolk was thoroughly ripe, the Catawba was hard and
green. The sprightly flavor of the Catawba in a hardy early grape would indeed
\ be an acquisition. Subject to mildew.
Poughkeepsie Red—A seedling grape, raised by A. J. Caywood; claimed to be a
cross of Iona and Delaware with Walter; somewhat larger than Delaware, but re-
sembling it in general appearance. Itis fully equal to the Delaware in quality,
ripens early and keeps well. So faras tested, much like the Delaware vine in habit
= of growth. :
Salem (No. 52)—Bunch large and compact; berry large, of a light chestnut or Catawba
color, thick skinned, perfectly free from hard pulp; very sweet and sprightly,
with a most exquisite aromatic flavor; as early as the Delaware, having never
failed to ripen in the most unfavorable season for the past six years; keeps well.
Ulster Prolific—aA native seedling, grown by A. J. Caywood. A red Grape of
good quality, healthy growth and great productiveness. Will probably be found
valuable for general use as it seems to have all the characteristics of our hardy
and healthy native varieties. September.
Vergennes—This is a chance seedling found in the garden of Mr. William E. Green,
Vergennes, Vt. Foliage downy and free from mildew ; very productive ; clusters
large, berries large, holding firmly to the stems; color light amber, flavor rich and
delicious. flesh meaty and tender. Ripens as early as Hartford Prolific, and is an
excellent late keeper.
Wyoming Red—An extra early red grape, resembling the Delaware in appearance,
but double its size and ten days earlier. Bunch small, compact and hand-
some ; berry medium, bright red ; skin thin and firm, flesh sweet, a little foxy,
but not enough to be objectionable. Much in demand as an early profitable grape.
34 GRAPES.
— — stom: oe = =
CLASS III—WHITE GRAPES.
‘ Diamond—A white grape recently introduced, and undoubtedly very valuable. A
cross between Concord and Iona. A vigorous grower, with leaf resembling Con-
cord, very free from mildew. Bunch large, well filled, moderately compact, berry
about the size of Concord ; flesh melting and juicy, sweet to the center, and free
from foxiness ; skin thin, but sufficiently tough to bear packing and handling
well, Ripens about with Delaware. Very productive.
Eldorado (Ricketts)—A white grape of most exquisite quality and exceedingly high
flavor, resembling pine apple ; has little or no pulp, and is sweet, rich and good.
\, The vine is a strong grower, healthy and hardy, and ripens its fruit very early.
Empire State—The Empire State is a seedling of the Hartford Prolific, fertilized
with the Clinton. A good grower and fruiter in every respect. Bunches large,
from six to ten inches long, shouldered ; berry medium size, roundish oval ;
color white with very light tinge of yellow, covered with a thick, white bloom ;
leaf thick, smooth underside; flesh tender, juicy, rich, sweet and sprightly,
continuing a long time in use; vine hardy.
Green Mountain—New. Found growing in a garden on the side of the Green
Mountains in Vermont, at an altitude of 1,400 feet, where it ripened its fruit per-
fectly. Vine strong, vigorous, healthy, very hardy and productive. Bunch
long, compact shouldered. Color green or greenish white; skin thin, pulp ex-
y ceedingly tender and sweet. Very early, being three weeks earlier than Concord.
Jessica—A new white grape; the originator claims that it is hardy, early and pro-
ductive, and of excellent quality. It is a native of Canada, and is meeting with
great favor in that section. The color is at first a greenish yellow, but mellowing
to a light amber ; too small to be of value for market.
N Lady—Said to be a seedling of the Concord. Bunch medium; berry medium to large;
skin thin ; color light greenish yellow, with white bloom ; pulp tender, sweet and
pleasant. Vine hardy and vigorous. A valuable early white grape. Ripens
with Hartford Prolific.
“Lady Washington—One of Mr. Rickett’s seedlings. Bunch very large, compact,
generally double shouldered ; berry medium to large, round, color yellow with a
tinge of red on the sunny side, and covered with bloom ; flesh soft, tender, juicy,
sweet and good, not rich. Vine remarkably vigorous and productive, and the
fruit is beautiful when in perfection. It ripens here after the Concord.
Vv
Martha—Bunches and berries of medium size, greenish white, with a thin bloom;
flesh tender with very little pulp, juicy, sweet and rich. Vine vigorous, hardy
and productive. Ripens about with the Concord.
’ Niagara—“ This new white grape originated in Lockport, N. Y., in 1868, and isa
cross between the Concord and Cassady; first fruiting in 1872; it has since
regularly borne large crops of fine fruit. The vine isa remarkably strong grower
and very hardy ; the leaves are thick and leathery and dark glossy green; bunches
very large and uniform and very compact; berries large or larger than Concord,
and skin thin but tough, which insures their shipping qualities ; quality good,
V very little pulp, melting and sweet to the center ; ripens before Concord.”
Pocklington—Bunch medium to large ; berry large, round, of a rich yellow color ;
flesh pulpy, juicy, and of good quality ; ripens at the time of the Concord; vines
vigorous, healthy, very hardy and productive. Though not of the highest
quality, it is considered a very valuable and reliable variety, and is constantly
growing in favor.
CURRAN!
FAY’S PROLIFIC.
36 GOOSEBERRIES.
SHI W CWORIEVAIN IS.
Ripe just before raspberries are gone, and continuing in prime order for several
weeks, there is no more useful fruit than the currant, and it is among the easiest to
cultivate.
Plant in rows four feet apart each way, if practicable. Light and air will do as
much to enhance the value of currant bushes as with other plants. Keep the ground
mellow, free from weeds, and in a good state of fertility, and prune freely every spring.
Should the currant worm appear, dust a little white hellebore powder, from a small,
coarse bag, over the bushes when the leaves are damp. In some instances it may be
necessary to repeat this process, but the trouble and expense of exterminating the worms
is trifling, if the powder ts applied as soon as the worms appear.
~’ Black Champion—A new variety from England ; pronounced to be the finest Black
Currant ever brought to notice. The bunches are said to be very large and the
flavor of the fruit ‘excellent,
~ Black Naples—Very large ; black, rich, tender, and excellent for jellies and wine ;
\ very productive. :
Cherry—Very large; deep red; rather acid; bunches short. Plants erect, stout
vigorous and productive.
Fay’s Prolific—Originated in Chautauqua Co., N. Y. A cross between Cherry’and
Victoria. Of large size, fine flavor, and claimed to be twice as prolific as the
Cherry. Universally commended by those who have seen or had experience with
it. A great acquisition. See cut.
‘La Versaillaise—Very large: red; bunch long; of great beauty and excellent
quality. One of the finest and best, and should be in every collection. Very
productive.
Lee’s Prolific Black—A new English variety. The fruit is large, and of superior
quality ; the bush is a vigorous grower and enormously productive, rendering it
. very profitable.
Victoria—A splendid variety, ripening two or three weeks later than the others, and
continuing in fine condition for a long period. Bunches extremely long; berries
of medium size ; brilliant red and of the highest quality.
hite Grape—Very large ; yellowish white; sweet, or very mild acid; excellent
quality and valuable for the table. The finest of the white sorts. V ery distinct
from White Dutch, having a low, spreading habit, and dark green foliage. Very
productive.
COOSEBERRIES.
This fruit is so useful for cooking, when green or ripe, and it may be canned with
such facility, that it is beginning to be cultivated very extensively for both home use
and market.
It requires the same cultivation and treatment for worms as the currant.
The American varieties, though not quite so large as the English, are of fine
_ quality and unlike the latter are not subject to mildew.
VY Downing—Large size, oval, greenish-white ; plant very vigorous and hardy, with
stiff, strong shoots ; foliage heavy, covering the fruit from the sun, and resisting
mildew ; bears most abundantly and is profitable for market and home use. The
best of all the American varieties.
VY Houghton’s Seedling—A vigorous American sort; very productive, free from
mildew. Fruit medium, roundish, smooth, of a pale red color ; tender, sweet,
and of delicious flavor.
YSmith’s Improved (Smith’s Seedling)—One of the largest American varieties of
value ; oval form ; light green when ripe; sweet and excellent. Plant vigorous,
healthy and hardy. Raised from seed by Dr. Smith, of Vermont.
GOOSEBERRIES.
ENGLISH VARIETIES.
There are very few of these that succeed here on account of their liability to mil-
dew. The following varieties are believed to be exempt from this drawback, and we
therefore offer them believing that they will meet every requirement.
rown Bob—Large, roundish oval, red, hairy ; of first quality.
x)
ee (oe
INDUSTRY GOOSEBERRY.
\ AR 2 ey oval; dark red, hairy; rich and agreeable. Although this is a
foreign variety it has succeeded admirably on our grounds, where it has fruited
extensively for several years. We can confidently recommend it, both for the
garden of the amateur and the market plantation. The plant is remarkably
vigorous and productive, and the fruit large, beautiful and of excellent quality.
Y Where shoots are left long, they fruit to the very tips. We regard it as, on the
whole, the best foreign Gooseberry ever introduced.
Whitesmith—Large, roundish oval, yellowish white, slightly downy; of first quality.
SELECT, RASPBERRIES,
Coming immediately after strawberries, when there is a dearth of other fresh fruits,
Raspberries are equally desirable for planting in the garden for home use, and in the
field for market. They are easily cultivated. Beds seldom require renewing. Their
season of ripening is long. The fruit bears transportation well, and aside from the
demand for it for immediate consumption, it brings highly remunerative prices for
drying and canning.
38 RASPBERRIES.
Plant in good soil, and manure from time to time freely. The hills should be not i
less than four feet apart each way, with two or three plants in a hill. Cut out the old
and weak shoots each year, preserving not over six for fruiting. If the location is so |
much exposed that the plants are inclined to kill down seriously, they may be bent over ~-
in the fall, on mounds of earth formed at one side of the hills and covered sufficiently
to keep them down until spring. Surplus suckers take strength from the bearing plants.
They should be cut away or hoed up frequently.
CLASS I.—_RED AND YELLOW VARIETIES.
’ Brandywine (Susqueco)—Large; bright red; very firm. Valuable for market on ac-
count of its fine shipping qualities.
“Caroline—A seedling from Brinckle’s Orange, combining the peculiarly melting and
luscious flavor of that variety, with canes of great vigor, entire hardiness, and
extreme productiveness. Color, pale salmon; berries large and of fine quality.
‘Clarke—Large; light red; moderately firm; high flavored. <A strong grower, produc-
tive, and very hardy. One of the very best for home use.
CUTHBERT.
Vv >
Cuthbert (Queen of the Market)—Large, conical; deep, rich crimson; firm; of exce
lent quality. A vigorous grower, entirely hardy, and immensely productive.“ I
regard it as the best raspberry for general culture.”—Chas. Downing. * Now
regarded by careful and experienced horticulturists as the best raspberry in exis-
tence for general cultivation. I have it in a specimen bed with twenty-five other
kinds, and it surpasses all others.”—E. P. Roe. : i
RASPBERRIES. 39
Golden Queen—This variety is a seedling of the Cuthbert, but the color of the fruit
is a rich golden yellow. he flavor is of the highest quality, pronounced by some
superior to the old Brinckle’s Orange, the finest flavored of all the Raspberries. In
size equal to Cuthbert; immensely productive; a very strong grower and hardy
enough even for extreme Northern latitudes, having stood uninjured when even
the Cuthbert suffered. The desire for a yellow Raspberry of high quality, com-
bined with vigorous growth and perfect hardiness, is believed to be fully met in
this variety.
Hansell—Medium tolarge, bright crimson, firm; flavor fine; canes vigorous, hardy and
productive; earliest of all.
‘Herstine—Fruit large, oblong, crimson, moderately firm, juicy ; flavor sub-acid and
very good; an abundant bearer; season early to medium; one of the best.
* MarlIboro—The best early red Raspberry for the North, ripening soon after the Han-
sell; hardy and productive.
~ Reliance—Large, roundish, dark.red; firm, with a pleasant, sprightly acid flavor;
hardy, vigorous and very productive; may be described as an improved Phila-
delphia. A valuable sort.
‘Shaffer’s Colossal—Fruit large, purple, soft, with a sprightly sub-acid flavor; plant
very vigorous, hardy and productive. Much esteemed in some localities. Season
medium to late.
\ Turner—A comparatively new red variety from Illinois; whichis proving wonderfully
successful in Northern latitudes. Very productive and hardy; of good size, light
handsome red, and of fine flavor. Its success in extreme localities must render it
of great value. We believe that there is no other sort except the Cuthbert, which
will stand so much cold without injury.
CLASS II.—BLACK CAPS.
,
“ Davison’s Thornless—Similar in appearance and quality to the common black
cap, but much earlier and nearly thornless, which is alone sufficient to make it
\, very desirable.
Doolittle (Doolittle’s Black Cap)—This is an improved variety of the common Black
Cap, of medium size, dark purplish black, with pleasant sub-acid flavor; much
esteemed for cooking; entirely hardy.
Gregg—Of great size; fine quality; very productive and hardy. It takes the same
position among black caps as Cuthbert among the red sorts. No one can afford to
be without it.
V Sohnston’s Sweet—A variety of great merit. It is said it will eventually take the
-place of many varieties now used for evaporating. Rather smaller than the Gregg,
of same color. A good strong grower, healthy and hardy; ripening with Tyler;
stands up well in picking and handling. Its greatest merit is in its high quality
and delicious sweetness of berry. Mr. Johnston made an offer of 25 cents per
pound for all first-class evaporated frait of this variety for season of 1888, showing
his confidence in its merits.
Miransmoth Cluster—Large size, black or dark purplish black; very juicy, high
flavored and delicious; perfectly hardy, and sufficiently firm to bear transportation
to the most distant market. Of all the raspberries of this class this has proved
the most valuable and worthy of general cultivation.
Ohio—A very strong growing, hardy sort; fruit nearly as large as Mammoth Cluster;
more productive than any other variety, and one of the most if not the most valu-
able for market ; also much esteemed for drying.
Y Souhegan—A new variety commended very highly as a market sort by those who
have grown it. Said to be enormously productive, perfectly hardy and free from
disease of any kind.
40 BLACKBERRIES AND MULBERRIES.
BLACKBERRIES:
This excellent and profitable fruit should be planted for garden use in rows six feet
apart with plants four feet apart in the rows; for market, in rows eight feet apart, with
plants three feet apart in the rows. Give the plants the same cultivation as raspberries.
Y Agawam—Ripens carlier than other kinds, and has a flavor similar and equal to the
wild berry. Perfectly hardy.
Early Harvest—A new variety of great promise, being exceedingly early in time of
ripening and alwaysreliable. The canesare strong and upright in growth, branch-
ing stout and vigorously. Hardier than Kittatinny or Lawton; an enormous
bearer. Berries sweet and of the highest quality, though not as large as some
varieties.
Krie—A new variety from northern Ohio; plant a’vigorous grower; berry large, round,
and of a high quality.
‘Kittatinny—Large, black, sweet; soft, when black; very hardy; ripens up gradually
like the Lawton. One of the best, except in northern sections.
Snyder—Extremely hardy; enormously productive; medium size; no hard sour core;
half as many thorns as Lawton or Kittatinny, and they are nearly straight and
short.
“Taylor’s Prolific—aA new variety of the greatest value. ~It is so extremely hardy as
to have stood 30° below zero unharmed. Berries large (nearly as large as Kitta-
tinny), and of the highest quality. Canes of strong, spreading growth, and in
productiveness it is simply remarkable, fully equalling in this respect the Snyder.
It ripens with Kittatinny. The editor of the Indiana Farmer, in speaking of
this variety, says: ‘‘ Never have we seen such masses of fruit growing on vines
before. The strong stalks were literally bent down to the ground with the
weight that was upon them.”
Wachusett Thornless—Of fair size and excellent qualita ; canes hardy, of strong,
healthy growth. It is almost free from thorns, and is fairly productive.
‘Wilson’s Early—Very large size, oblong oval, black, quite firm, rich, sweet and
good. Ripens early and matures all its fruit rapidly, and retains its color well
\ after picking.
Wilson Junior—This is a noble variety and it continues to yield enormous crops of
large fruit. It combines many good qualities: size, earliness and productiveness.
Its capacity for yielding is extraordinary. The fruit in all respects, both as
regards appearance and marketing properties, fully equals its parent. A little
tender in this section.
MULBERRIES.
‘Downing’s Everbearing— —The beauty of this as a lawn or street tree is quite
enough to commend it; but in addition it yields an abundant supply of its large
refreshing berries for about three months. ° ‘I regard it as an indispensable addi-
tion to every fruit garden; and I speak what I think when I say I had rather have
one tree of Downing’s Everbearing Mulberry than a bed of strawberries. ”_ Henry
y Ward Beecher.
New American—aA new variety, forming a beautiful tree; very hardy and produc-
tive. Undoubtedly the best of all the Mulberries. Tree a strong grower, with
beautiful large leaves and spreading branches; perfectly hardy ; bearing annually
large crops of delicious berries 14 inches long ‘and 3 $ inch in diameter, jet black in
color, and of a rich, sugary, sprightly vinous flavor, continuing to ripen on
the tree for a space of six to eight weeks during July and Au gust.
ASPARAGUS AND RHUBARB.
41
, FRUIT OF MULBERRY.
Russian—A very hardy, rapid growing timber tree of great value, introduced from
Russia by the Mennonites; foliage abundant, and said to be very desirable in the
culture of silk worms.
ASPARAGUS:
This earliest and finest of spring vegetables is among the easiest cultivated and most
profitable. A bed once planted suffers no deterioration for thirty years or more, if it is
properly attended to and well manured.
CULTIVATION.
See that the ground is well drained, naturally or otherwise; work it up fine and deep
and make it very rich with well rotted barn-yard manure. Locate the plants eight inches
apart in rows three feet apart. Spread out the roots in a trench made deep enough to
permit their crowns to be covered with three or four inches of mellow earth.
Give the
bed liberal dressings of manure at intervals, and, except near the sea shore, three pounds
of salt per square yard early every spring. Do not cut for use until the plants have
grown two seasons.
Conover’s Colossal—This variety is much superior in size and quality to any other,
being remarkably tender and fine flavored.
RE ans, Oh Pr Ea aa Nae
This deserves to be ranked among the best early products of the garden.
It affords
the earliest material for fine pies and fresh table sauce, continues long in use, and is
valuable for canning. Make the ground rich and deep, as recommended for Asparagus.
Plant four feet apart each way.
Myatt’s Linnzeus—Those who have never grown this variety, which is of superior
quality, will hardly recognize the old ‘‘ Pie Plant.” It is an early, tender variety,
without being in the least tough or stringy, with.a mild, sub-acid flavor.
42 HINTS TO PLANTERS.
ORNAMENTAL DEPARTMENT
~——__—__—_>
While most people appreciate well arranged and well kept grounds, large or small,
many fail to realize that they can have equally fine grounds. They have tried a few
shrubs or roses, perhaps, growing in thick turf, with no attention given to pruning or
cultivating. Under such circumstances, good results cannot be expected.
Aside from the pleasure of having fine trees, shrubs, vines and flowers in the
grounds surrounding a home, few realize how much these add to the commercial value
of a place. A purchaser having to decide between a house with bare, unkempt grounds,
and one surrounded by fine ornamentals, invariably chooses the latter at a marked
advance in price, because he sees that he will at once enjoy what it would otherwise take
some years to secure. Sagacious men are led by a knowledge of these facts, to plant fine
trees and shrubs about vacant lots they are intending to put upon the market. Lots
thus planted readily secure purchasers at good prices, when bare grounds go begging
for buyers.
HOW TO PLANT.
Do not make the mistake of planting at random. A fine, well-cut lawn is one of the
handsomest features of a place. Trees may be planted along a lane or avenue leading to
the house, or dotted about the lawn on lines radiating from it. This will secure light
and air with good views. When practicable, upright shrubs and roses should be planted
in beds, each class by itself, about the borders of the grounds. These beds should be
well cultivated and the plants annually pruned. When the growth of the plants has
made them very thick, some should be taken out. It will not do to plant so little that
years must elapse before a fine effect will be produced. A surplus should be planted at
first, and this gradually be taken out. Vines should be planted near to and allowed to
climb upon and about the house, or they may be trained on posts, arbors or stakes,
placed in suitable locations on the lawn.
WHAT TO PLANT.
A detailed list of desirable ornamental trees and shrubs would be little less than a
recapitulation of our entire list, but as few have room for all, we here present a list of
the most desirable in each class, and refer the reader to the proper places in the catalogue
for descriptions of them.
Flowering Trees: May—White Dogwood, Magnolias in variety, Judas Tree,
Horse Chestnuts, Double flowering Cherry; Jume—White Fringe, Laburnum, Moun-
tain Ash, Thorns in variety, Catalpa Syringzefolia, Lindens in variety, Virgilea Lutea;
. July—American Sweet Chestnut.
Trees Valued for their Form and Foliage—White Fringe, Magnolias,
Cut-leaved Weeping Birch, Purple-leaved Birch, Kilmarnock Willow, Weeping Moun-
tain Ash, Oak-leaved Mountain Ash, European Weeping Ash, Camperdown Weeping
Elm, European Linden, White-leaved Weeping Linden, Salisburea, Norway Maple, Pur-
ple-leaved Maple, Wier’s Cut-leaved Maple, Imperial Cut-leaved Alder, Purple-leaved
Beech, Fern-leaved Beech.
Evergreen Trees—Norway Spruce, Austrian Pine, Siberian Arbor Vite, Irish
Juniper, American Arbor Vite, etc.
DECIDUOUS TREES. 43
Upright Flowering Shrubs : April—Daphne Mezereon; May—Forsythia,
Japan Quince, Rhodotypus Kerroides, Spirea Prunifolia, Lilacs in variety, Tartarian
Honeysuckle, Cornus Mascula Variegata; Jume—Deutzia Gracilis, Deutzia Crenata
flore pleno, Viburnum Plicatum, Snowball, Weigelia in variety, White Fringe, Syringa,
Golden-leaved and plain, Calycanthus (at intervals through summer), Exochorda Grand-
iflora, Spirea Lanceolata, Spirea Golden-leaved, Halesia, Japan Globe Flower; July—
Spirea Callosa Alba, Spirea Callosa; August and September—Altheas in variety,
Hydrangea Paniculata Grandiflora, Anemone.
Climbing and Trailing Shrubs—Clematis in variety (flower from June to
November), Ampelopsis Veitchii, American Ivy, Climbing Honeysuckle in variety (flower
all summer), Aristolochia Sypho (flowers in May and June), Akebia Quinata, Bignonia
or Trumpet Vine, Wistaria.
Evergreen Shrubs—Rhododendron in variety, Mahonia, Dwarf Box.
Roses—Climbing and Moss, blooming in June; Hybrid Perpetual and Perpetual
Moss, blooming at intervals all summer, and Tender Roses, blooming constantly.
>
UPRIGHT DECIDUOUS PREES.
Alder (Alnus).
ImpertAL Cut-Lear (Laciniata Imperialis\—A charming tree of stately, graceful
growth, having large and deeply cut foliage. Vigorous and hardy; one of the
best lawn trees.
Ash (Fraxinus).
AvucuBA-LEAVED (Aucub:efolia)—A fine tree with variegated gold blotched leaves,
valued for planting near purple trees.
EUROPEAN (Excelsior)—A lofty tree of rapid growth, with spreading head; pinnate
leaves and black buds.
EvROPEAN FLOWERING (Ornus)—Grows from 20 to 30 feet high; flowers greenish,
white, fringe-like; produced early in June in large clusters at the ends of the
twigs.
GoLpD Barkep (Aurea)—A conspicuous tree at all times especially in winter on
account of the yellow bark and twisted branches.
WiLitow-LEAVED (Salicifolia)—A beautiful variety of fine form, rapid growth, hav-
ing narrow wavy leaves. *
Beech (Fagus).
EUROPEAN (Sylvatica)—A beautiful tree, growing to the height of sixty or eighty
feet.
FERN-LEAVED (Heterophylla)—An elegant tree of symmetrical habit, having beauti-
fully cut foliage.
PURPLE-LEAVED (Purpurea)—Discovered in a German forest. An elegant, vigorous
tree, growing 40 to 50 fect high. Foliage deep purple, changing to crimson.
Like all varieties of the beech this is difficult to transplant, hence small trees
three feet high are preferable.
Birch (Betula).
EvuroPEAN WHITE (Alba)—A fine tree of moderate size, with silvery bark and slen-
der branches.
PURPLE-LEAVED (Foliis Purpureis)—A variety possessing the vigorous habit of the
species, and having rich purple foliage.
44
DECIDUOUS TREES.
BAS Nai
YOPNe
PURPLE-LEAVED BEECH.
DECIDUOUS TREES. 45
Gatalpas.
Sprecrosa—A variety originating at the West ; more upright and symmetrical in its
growth than the common Catalpa (Syringzefolia), and blossoms two or three
weeks earlier. Very valuable for timber, fence posts, railroad ties, etc., posses-
sing wonderful durability. A very orn: imental and valuable tree.
SyrInG HroLtia—A native of the South. A rapid growing, beautiful tree, with very
large heart-shaped leaves, and pyramidal clusters of white and purple flowers a
foot long. Late in July.
Treas’ JAPANESE Hysrm—This is a cross between Catalpa Speciosa and the
Japanese Keempferi, and, in vigorous, upright growth, it surpasses either. It
has large, luxuriant foliage, and large, handsome white flowers, with purple
dots, and a touch of yellow around the throat, which have a pleasant, delicate
fragrance, and a tree in bloom not only presents a magnificent spectacle to the
eye, but also fills the air for quite a distance with ‘its agreeable odors. In
rapidity of growth, it rivals the most luxuriant trees of temperate climates,
while its hardiness has been demonstrated by its standing uninjured twenty-five
degrees or more below zero.
Cherry (Cerasus).
Dwarr Wuitr FLOWERING (Humilis, fl. pl.)—A variety of the Morello, with
double white flowers. Both this and the succeeding are very ornamental.
LARGE DouBLE FLOWERING (Flore Alba Pleno)—A variety of the Heart Cherry,
with pretty double flowers.
Chestnut,
AMERICAN (Castanea Americana)—A well-known forest and nut-bearing tree; of
great value for ornamental purposes. This tree is now receiving great attention,
and being widely and extensively planted for profit as well as ornament.
SPANISH (Vesc: 1)—A valuable species for both ornament and fruit. It forms a
handsome lawn tree, and produges fruit three or four times as large as the
American Variety.
Dogwood (Cornus).
AMERICAN WHITE (Florida)— A native tree of fine form and beautiful foliage,
growing from 20 to 25 feet high, producing white flowers three inches in diam.
eter, early in the spring, before the leaves appear. <A very desirable tree.
Elm (Ulmus).
AMERICAN WHITE (Americana)—The noble, spreading, drooping tree of our own
woods. One of the grandest and hardiest of park or street trees.
ENGuisu (Campestris)—An erect, lofty tree with rather small leaves.
PURPLE (Stricta purpurea)—A beautiful variety ; leaves of rich purple color when
young.
Scorcn: or Wycu (Montana)—A fine, spreading tree of rapid growth; foliage large.
Fringe (Chionanthus).
Waite (Virginica)—A small native tree or shrub, with dark glossy leaves, and
drooping racemes of pure white flowers, having narrow fringe like petals. Its
foliage as well as its flowers make it one of the most desirable lawn trees.
Horse-Chestnut (#sculus).
WauitE Frowerine (Hippocastanum)—A very beautiful, well-known tree, with
round, dense head, dark green foliage, and an abundance of showy flowers in
early spring.
DovusLE WHITE-FLOWERING—A superb variety, with double flowers, in larger
panicles than the common sort, and of fine pyramidal habit. The absence of
fruit by which much litter is avoided, is an important argument in favor of its
employment. It is one of the best ornamental trees.
Judas Tree or Red Bud (Cercis).
AMERICAN (Canadensis)—A small growing tree, covered with delicate pink flowers
before the leaves appear.
Laburnum (Cytisus).
GOLDEN CHAIN—Bears long, pendent racemes of yellow flowers in June ; showy
and beautiful. Should be in every lawn.
Larch (Larix).
EUROPEAN (Europzea)—An excellent, rapid growing, pyramidal tree; also valuable
for timber. Small branches drooping, with needle-shaped foliage like the
spruce or hemlock.
46 DECIDUOUS TREES.
Linden (Tilia).
AMERICAN (Americana)—A rapid growing, beautiful native tree, with very large
leaves and fragrant flowers.
EUROPEAN (Europzea)—A very fine pyramidal tree, with large leaves and fragrant
flowers. Only desirable on large grounds.
WHITE OR SILVER-LEAVED (Argentea)—A handsome, vigorous growing tree ; large
leaves, whitish on the under side, and have a beautiful appearance when ruffled
by the wind. One of the best.
MAGNOLIA SPECIOSA.
Magnolia—One of the most beautiful species of flowering trees. Being difficult to
transplant, small trees three to four feet high are preferable.
AcuMINATA (Cucumber Tree)—A beautiful pyramidal growing, native species;
growing to the height of sixty or seventy feet, with large glossy leaves; flowers
yellow, tinted with bluish purple. :
Conspicua (Chinese White)—Tree of medium size and shrub-like growth. Flowers
are large, pure white, very numerous and appear before the leaves.
me la
»
ADA GS et gh RL TN
DECIDUOUS TREES. 47
LENNEI (Lenne’s Magnolia)—Recently introduced ; foliage large, flowers purplish
crimson or magenta, and although not a handsome grower, a superb variety.
NorBerttana (Norbert’s Magnolia)—Tree a fine regular grower, foliage fine, flowers
very large, white and purple. One of the best.
SOULANGEANA (Soulange’s Magnolia)—A French hybrid, a rather irregular grower,
foliage large, glossy and massive, flowers very large, three to five inches in
diameter, white and purple. Very effective.
Sprecrosa (Showy Flowering Magnolia)—A good grower, tree generally round-
headed and of fine form; flowers a little smaller and of a lighter color than
those of Soulangeana, but being produced in wonderful profusion, this is one of
the best varieties.
Maple (Acer).
AsH-LEAVED (Negundo fraxinifolium)—A fine, rapid growing variety, with hand-
some light green pinnated foliage and spre: ding head. Very hardy.
Norway (Platanoides)—A native of Europe. Its large compact habit, broad deep
green shining foliage, and its vigorous growth render it one of the most desirable
species for streets, parks and lawns.
PurRPLE-LEAVED SycAMORE (Purpurea)—A strong, rapid grower; foliage deep
green on the upper surface and purplish red underneath. Produces a fine effect
with other trees.
ScarLeEt (Rubrum)—A native variety of medium size, producing deep red blossoms
S 5S ae
before the leaves appear. In the autumn the leaves change to a brilliant scarlet,
rendering the tree very effective.
ScHWEDLER’s Norway (Schwedlerii). A beautiful variety, with the young shoots
and leaves of a bright purplish and crimson color, which changes to purplish
green in the older leaves. One of the most valuable trees of recent introduction.
SuGAR oR Rock (Saccharinum)—The well-known native variety, valuable both for
the production of sugar and as an ornament in lining streets and avenues, <A
stately form and fine, rich foliage renders it justly popular as a shade tree.
SrtvER-LEAVED (A. dasycarpum)—One of the most ornamental of the species ; the
under surface of the leaves a soft white. It is exceedingly rapid in its growth,
often making shoots six feet long in a season ; valuable as a street tree.
Wetr’s Cur-Leavep (Weirii Laciniatum)—A silver maple with remarkable and
beautiful dissected foliage. Of rapid growth;. shoots slender and drooping, giv-
ing it a very graceful appearance. Should be in every collection. While it
makes a large tree if undisturbed, it will bear any amount of pruning and may
be easily adapted to small lawns.
Mountain Ash (Sorbus).
EvrRopEAN (Aucuparia)—A fine, hardy tree; head dense and regular, covered from
July till winter with large clusters of bright scarlet berries.
Oaxk-LEAVED (Quercifolia)—A hardy tree of fine habit; height and breadth from
twenty to thirty feet, foliage simple and deeply lobed. A very fine lawn tree.
Mulberry (Morus). iy
For description of several fine varieties, see pages 40 and 41.
Peach (Persica).
DouBLE Roske-FLOWERING (Flore Rosea Pleno)—Flowers pale rose color, double,
produced in great abundance and very handsome.
DovsLe Warre-FLOWERING (Flore Alba Pleno)—Very ornamental flowers, pure
white—hardy.
Poplar (Populus).
CaroLina—Pyramidal in form, and robust in growth. Leaves large, serrated and
pale to deep green in color.
LoMBARDY (Fastigiata}—W ell known for its erect, rapid growth and commanding
form; very desirable in large grounds or along roads to break the aver age
height and forms of other trees.
SILVER- -LEAVED (Alba)—/ A tree of wonderfully rapid growth and spreading habit;
leaves large, dark, rich green above and white as snow beneath.
Cut-LEAVED SILVER ‘(Bolleana)—A beautiful symmetrical growing variety, with
finely cut silvery-white foliage.
48 WEEPING DECIDUOUS TREES.
Salisburea.
Mamwen Harr or Gineko TREE (Adiantifolia)—One of the most beautiful of lawn
trees. A native of Japan. Of medium size, rapid growth and rich, glossy,
fern-like foliage. Rare and elegant.
Thorn (Cratezgus).
DovuBLE SCARLET (Coccinea fl. pl.)—Flowers deep crimson, with scarlet shade; very
double, and considerably larger than the double red; fine, rich foliage.
DovuBsLE WHITE (Alba Flore Pleno)—Has small, double white flowers.
Pavuu’s DouBLE ScARLET (Coccinea fl. pl. Paulii)—Flowers large, deep carmine
scarlet. Superior to any other variety.
Tulip Tree (Liriodendron). ;
TuLIPFERA—A magnificent native tree, with broad, glossy, fiddle shaped leaves and
beautiful tulip-like flowers. Allied to the Magnolias, and like them, difficult to
transplant, unless of small size.
Walnut (Jugilans).
Brack Waunur (J. Nigra). <A native species of large size and majestic form, foli-
age beautiful, being composed of from thirteen to seventeen leaflets.
Eneuisu, or MAprerra Nut (J. regia)—A handsome tree which produces fine fruit.
Should be more extensively planted as it is quite hardy.
Willow (Salix).
RosEMARY-LEAVED (Rosmarinifolia)—Budded five to seven feet from the ground, it
makes a very handsome round headed, small tree; branches feathery, foliage
silvery.
WHEPIN G DE CI DU OCS ml Wairs:
Ash (Fraxinus).
EvuRoPEAN WEEPING (Excelsior Pendula)—The common, well-known sort, one of
the finest lawn and arbor trees, covering a great space, and growing rapidly.
Gou_p Bark WEEPING (Aurea Pendula)—An elegant variety; bark in winter as yel-
low as gold.
Beech (Fagus).
WHEPING (Pendula)—A native of Belgium; a fine, vigorous and beautiful tree,
attaining a large size; though ungainly in appearance when divested of its
leaves; it is extremely graceful and effective, when covered with its rich, luxur-
iant foliage.
Birch (Betula).
Cut-LeAvED WEEPING (Pendula Laciniata)—Extremely vigorous and hardy. Mr.
Scott, in his ‘‘Suburban Home Grounds,” says of it: ‘‘ No engraving can do it
justice; like the palm trees of the tropics, it must be seen in motion, swaying in
the lightest breeze, its leaves trembling in the heated summer air, its white bark
glistening through the bright foliage and sparkling in the sun, to enable us to
form a true impression of its character.”
ELEGANT WEEPING (Elegans Pendula)—First exhibited at the Paris Exhibition
in 1876, where it attracted great attention. It has beautiful foliage and an
elegant weeping habit. It is very desirable in grounds that admit of variety.
Youne’s WrEEprne (PenduJa Youngii)—Originated near Milford, England, where
it was found trailing upon the ground. Grafted into stems of some height,
it forms pendulous heads drooping to the ground in fine, thread-like shoots—
very beautiful.
Cherry (Cerasus).
EVERFLOWERING WEEPING (Semperflorens)—A very fine drooping variety, with
beautiful globular head, that bears flowers and fruit all summer.
Elm (Ulmus).
CAMPERDOWN WEEPING—A vigorous grower, and forms one of the most pictur-
esque drooping trees. Leaves large, dark green and glossy, and cover the tree
with a luxurious mass of verdure; very desirable.
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50 EVERGREEN TREES.
Mulberry.
TrEA’s WEEPING RusstAn—The most graceful and beautiful of hardy weeping trees,
and wholly unlike anything heretofore introduced, forming a perfect, umbrella-
shaped head, with long, slender, willowy branches, drooping to the ground,
parallel with the stem. These hang like the most delicate vines from a hanging
basket, and are swayed by the slightest breath of wind. All who see it agree
that in light, airy gracefulness, and delicacy of form and motion, it is without a
rival. It has handsome foliage of a beautiful glossy green. Being a true Rus-
sian it possesses the wonderful vigor and health for which that species is noted.
It is perfectly hardy, enduring unharmed not only the severe cold of the North,
but the far more destructive heat and drouth of the South. It is one of the
safest and most successful trees to transplant, enduring exposure and hard
treatment that would kill almost any other tree. Admirably adapted to ceme-
tery planting. See cut on fourth page of cover.
Poplar (Populus). :
Larce-LEAVED WEEPING (Grandidentata Pendula)—A variety having, when grafted
standard high, long, slender branches, like cords, which droop very gracefully;
foliage large, dark shining green, and deeply serrated. One of the finest weep-
ing trees in cultivation.
Willow (Salix).
AMERICAN WEEPING (Purpurea Pendula)—An American Dwarf, slender branched
species: grafted five or six feet high, it. makes one of the most ornamental of
small weeping trees; more hardy than the Babylonica.
Ki~MARNocK WEEPING (Caprea Pendula)—An exceedingly graceful tree, with
large, glossy leaves; very hardy.
WEEPING (Babylonica)—The well-known common weeping willow.
BV ERGRE BIN airs:
Evergreens are very desirable, but they are difficult to transplant, and both the time
and manner of transplanting should be looked to. They should never be set in the fall,
after the growth of other trees have ceased. They may be set in August, or after they
have started in May; but they should be subjected to as little exposure as possible and
be set with great care.
Arbor Vitze (Thuja).
AMERICAN (Occidentalis)—This is one of the very finest evergreens for hedge. It is
very hardy, and if set at the proper time with care and without undue exposure,
it may be relied upon to live; but small-plants 12 to 18 inches high, which have
been transplanted several times are preferable. It bears shearing better than
any other variety, and may be made a very beautiful and dense hed@e or screen
to divide grounds, or for any purpose where it is not required to resist cattle or
other animals.
SIBERIAN (Siberica)—One of the best of the genus of this country; exceedingly
hardy, keeping color well in winter; growth compact and pyramidal; makes an
elegant lawn tree.
Tom TuHumMB—Similar to the Heath-leaved, but more desirable; remarkable for slow,
compact growth; valuable for planting in cemeteries and small places, where
large trees are not admissable.
°
Juniper (Juniperus).
Irisu (Hibernica)—Very erect and tapering in its growth, forming a column of deep
green foliage; a pretty little tree or shrub, and for its beauty and hardiness is a
general favorite.
Savin (Sabina)—A low, spreading tree, with handsome, dark green foliage; very
hardy, and suitable for lawns and cemeteries; can be pruned to any desired
shape, and made very ornamental.
UPRIGHT DECIDUOUS SHRUBS. 51
Pine (Pinus).
AusTRIAN OR BLAck (Austriaca)—A remarkably robust, hardy, spreading tree ;
leaves long, stiff, and dark green; growth rapid; valuable for this country.
Scorcu (P. Sylvestris)—Also very rapid in its growth. ‘‘ A dark, tall evergreen,”
with bluish foliage and rugged shoots; hardy, and grows well, even on the
poorest soils.
Both the above are very ornamental, and well adapted to thrive in this country.
Silver Fir.
BALSAM, OR AMERICAN (P. balsamea)—A very regular, symmetrical tree, assuming
the conical form even when young; leaves dark green above, silvery beneath,
retaining their color during the severest winter; grows rapidly, and is very
hardy.
Spruce Fir.
Norway Spruce (Abies excelsa)—One of the handsomest and most popular of
evergreens; when young, the tree is remarkably rich and luxuriant; as it grows
older, its branches droop with a fine graceful curl or sweep, some specimens,
however, more than others; and when covered with its large pendant cones, it
is an object exceedingly picturesque and beautiful. Plants of all sizes can be
furnished. Makes fine hedges.
Buiur Spruck (A. pungens)—This species has been tested at various points on the
prairies of the North-west with perfect success, enduring a temperature of thirty
degrees below zero, in exposed situations, without injury; and also very exten-
sively near Boston, where it has stood out entirely uninjured during the past
sixteen years. This isnot only one of the hardiest, but the most beautiful of
all the Spruces. Miss Bird, in her ‘‘ Lady's Life in the Rocky Mountains,”
mentions it as the most attractive tree she has seen, beautiful alike in shape and
color. ‘‘It looks,” she writes, ‘‘as if a soft blue powder had fallen upon its
deep green needles; or as if a bluish hoar-frost, which must melt at noon, were
resting upon it.” Beautiful in color and outline, and hardy, it isa valuable
acquisition. Very rare. Price, one foot high, $1.50.
HeMuock SPRUCE; ComMMON HEMLOcK (A. Canadensis)— When finely grown, almost
the handsomest of all evergreens, with delicate, dark glossy foliage, and droop-
ing branches; when old, it loses its conical shape, and assumes irregular and
picturesque forms. Should be transplanted young.
UPRIGHT (DECIDUOUS SHRUBS:
Althea, or Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus).
The Altheas are fine, free growing flowering shrubs, of very easy cultivation. Desir-
able on acggunt of flowering in August and September, when nearly every other shrub
or tree is out of bloom, :
DovuBLE RED (Rubra flore pleno).
DouBLE PURPLE (Purpurea flore pleno).
DovusLE Wuite (Alba flore pleno).
SmvetE Rep (Rubrum).
SINGLE PURPLE (Purpurea).
SrnGLE WHITE (Alba).
VARIEGATED-LEAVED DOUBLE FLOWERING (flore pleno fol. variegata)—A conspicu-
ous variety, with foliage finely marked with light yellow. Flowers double pur-
ple. One of the finest variegated leaved shrubs.
Almond.
Dwarr DouBLE-FLOWERING (Prunus Japonica)—A well-known beautiful small
shrub, with handsome, double, pink flowers early in the Spring.
DovusLe WuttE-FLOWERING (P. Japonica alba)—A pretty sort, with double white
flowers.
52 UPRIGHT DECIDUOUS SHRUBS.
Berberry (Berberis).
PuRPLE-LEAVED (Purpurea)—A very handsome shrub, growing from three to five
feet high, with violet purple leaves and fruit. Makes a fine ornamental hedge.
EvROpPEAN (Vulgaris)—A fine shrub with yellow flowers in drooping racemes, pro-
duced in May or June, followed by orange scarlet fruit.
Calycanthus, or Sweet Scented Shrub (Calycanthe).
The wood is fragrant, foliage rich, flowers of rare chocolate color, having a pecul-
iarly agreeable odor. Flowers in June and at intervals afterwards.
Currant (Ribes).
Crimson FLowerRtnc—Produces an abundance of crimson flowers in early spring.
YELLOW FLOWERING—A native species, with yellow flowers.
Deutzia.
This valuable species of plants comes to us from Japan. Their hardiness, luxuriant
foliage, and profusion of attractive flowers render them deservedly among the most popu-
lar of flowering shrubs. The flowers are produced in June, in racemes 4to 6 inches long.
DovuBLE FLOWERING (Crenata flore pleno)—Flowers double white, tinged with rose.
One of the most desirable flowering shrubs in cultivation.
SLENDER BRANCHED (Gracilis)—A charming variety, introduced by Dr. Siebold.
Flowers pure white, and so delicate that they are very desirable for decorative
purposes.
RouGu-LEAVED (Scabra)—An exceedingly profuse white flowering shrub.
PRIDE OF RocHESTER—A new variety said to excel all others in size of flower, length
of panicle, profuseness of bloom, and vigorous habit. A charming acquisition.
Dogwood (Cornus). :
Rep BRANCHED (Sanguinea)—A native species, very conspicuous and ornamental in
the winter, when the bark is a blood red.
VARIEGATED (Cornus mascula yvariegata)—Variegated Cornelian Cherry. <A small
tree or shrub, producing clusters of bright yellow flowers, early in spring
before the leaves appear. Has beautiful foliage, variegated with white. One
of the prettiest variegated shrubs in cultivation.
ELEGANTISSIMA VARIEGATA—An improvement on the preceeding, and one of the
finest variegated shrubs, of rapid growth; foliage beautifully marked with
creamy white and tinged with red, while some leaves are entirely white; should
be in every collection.
Elder (Sambucus).
A well-known shrub, which blossoms in the spring, and afterwards is covered
with handsome berries; there are several varieties.
GoLDEN (S. Aurea)—A beautiful-variety, with light yellow leaves, which hold their
color well, and render the plant very conspicuous and effective. |
Euonymus (Burning Bush, Strawberry Tree).
A very ornamental and showy bush, whose chief beauty consists in its brilliant
berries, which hang in clusters from the branches until midwinter; berries rose colored;
planted with a background of Evergreens, the effect of contrast is very fine.
Exochorda.
GRANDIFLORA—A most beautiful shrub, producing large white flowers in May. A
native of North China, difficult to propagate, and hence it will always be rare.
Filbert.
PurPLE-LEAVED (Corylus avellana atropurpurea)—A vigorous shrub with large
deep purple leaves; very ornamental; produces good fruit.
Forsythia, or Golden Bell (Forsythia viridissima).
A very singular and quite ornamental shrub. Its branches in the early spring,
before the leaves appear, are covered with bright golden yellow, pendulous flowers.
Fringe Tree. :
PURPLE, OR VENETIAN SUMACH, OR SMOKE TREE (Rhus cotinus)—A very elegant
and ornamental large shrub, with curious, hair-like flowers, which being of a
pinkish brown color, give it the names ‘‘ Purple Fringe” and ‘‘ Smoke Tree.”
The blossoms are in July, sometimes literally covering the tree, and remaining
all summer.
UPRIGHT DECIDUOUS SHRUBS. 53
Fringe.
Wurtre (Chionanthus Virginica)—An entirely different plant from the preceding;
has handsome, large foliage, and racemes of delicate white flowers, that hang
like finely cut shreds, or fringes, of white paper.
Globe Flower (Kerria Japonica).
A slender, green-branched shrub, five or six feet high, with globular yellow flowers
from July to October.
ARGENTEA VARIEGATA (Silver Variegated-leaved Corchorus)—A dwarf variety from
Japan, with small, green foliage, edged with white; very slender grower. One
of the prettiest and most valuable of dwarf shrubs.
Halesia (Snow Drop Tree).
Strver Bett—A beautiful large shrub, with handsome, white, bell-shaped flowers
in May. Very desirable.
Honeysuckle (Loniceray
Rep TarrariAN—A beautiful shrub. Vigorous, and producing large, bright red
flowers striped with white, in June.
Waite TArtTARIAN—A large shrub, having white flowers in May and June.
Hop Tree or Shrubby Trefoil (Ptelia).
A large shrub or small tree of rapid growth and robust habit. Fruit winged and in
clusters. Flowers in June.
Hydrangea. : :
Oraksa—Foliage a beautiful deep green. Produces immense clusters of rose col-
ored flowers in profusion in July. Should be planted in tubs and protected in
winter.
PANICULATA GRANDIFLORA—A fine, hardy shrub, growing to the height of eight or
ten feet; flowers white, in great pyramidal panicles a foot long, produced in
August or September, when most other shrubs are out of bloom. Very elegant
and showy.
Lilae (Syringa). : :
LarGE FLOWERING Wuitk (Alba grandiflora)—Very large, pure white tufts of
flowers.
PuRPLE, Common (Vulgaris). The well known sort.
Plum (Prunus).
P. Prissarpi—The finest purple-leaved small tree or shrub of recent introduction.
The young branches are a very dark purple; the leaves when young are lust-
rous crimson, changing to a dark purple, and retain this beautiful tint till they
drop late in Autumn. Flowers small, white single.
DovuBLre FLowertine (P. Triloba). A very desirable shrub, introduced from Japan.
Flowers semi-double, of a delicate pink, upwards of an inch in diameter, thickly
set. Hardy flowers in May.
Quince, Japan (Cydonia). : ;
ScarLtet—Has bright scarlet, crimson flowers, in great prefusion, early in spring ;
one of the best hardy shrubs; makes a beautiful ornamental hedge ; for defence
against boys and cattle it has no superior, and for ornament no equal.
BiusH—A beautiful variety, with white and blush flowers.
Snowball (Viburnum).
OpuLus sTErRILis (Guelder Rose, Snowball Tree.)—A well known, favorite shrub,
of large size, with globular clusters of pure white, sterile flowers the latter part
of May.
VY. piicatum. (Plicate Viburnum.) From North China. Of moderate growth;
handsome, plicated leaves, globular heads of pure white neutral flowers early
in June. It surpasses the common variety in several respects. Its habit is
better, foliage much handsomer, flowers whiter and more delicate. One of the
most valuable flowering shrubs.
Spirea.
CaLLosA ALBA—A white flowering variety, of dwarf habit; very fine, remains in
flower all summer.
GoLpEN Lraven (Foliis Aureis.)—A beautiful dwarf plant with golden yellow foli-
age. It keeps its color the entire season and creates a very pleasing effect
among other shrubs.
54 UPRIGHT DECIDUOUS SHRUBS.
Spirea (continued).
PRUNIFOLIA FLORE PLENO—A beautiful shrub from Japan, with double white
flowers in May.
REEVES OR LANCE-LEAVED—A charming shrub, with narrow-pointed leaves, and
large, round clusters of white flowers that cover the whole plant.
DovusLtE LANcr-LEAVED—A beautiful double flowering variety. One of the best,
if not the best.
Van Hovurve’s (S. Van Houttei.\—The most showy of all the Spireas, and one of
the very best flowering shrubs in cultivation. The plant is a rather tall, up-
right grower, with long, slender branches that droop gracefully with their
weight of foliage and flowers. Foliage curiously lobed and rounded, of a lively
green color. Flowers pure white in great clusters and whorls, forming cylin-
drical plumes two to three feet long. Few plants present a more charming ap-
pearance when in blossom, or are more tasteful at.other times. This is one of
the hardiest of all the Spireas.
Strawberry Tree (See Euonymus).
Syringa.
EUROPEAN FRAGRANT, or ‘‘ Mock ORANGE,” (Philadelphus coronarius.)—A well
known, very hardy shrub, with showy white flowers, which are very fragrant.
LARGE-FLOWERING (P. grandiflorus.)—Large showy flowers. A valuable variety.
GOLDEN-LEAVED (P. foliis aureis..—A beautiful new variety with bright yellow
foliage, which affords pretty contrasts with other shrubs, especially with the
purple-leaved varieties.
Weigela (Diervilla).
AMABILIS, OR SPLENDENS—Of robust habit; large foliage and pink flowers ;
blooms freely in Autumn ; a great acquisition.
Canpipa—Thought by some to be the best of all. Of vigorous habit, an erect
grower, flowers pure white, produced in great profusion, in June, the plants
continuing in bloom through the summer.
Desporsti—A beautiful variety, with deep, rose-colored flowers, resembling Josea,
but much darker. One of the darkest and best.
FLORIBUNDA (Crimson Weigela).)—We take pleasure in calling the attention of oul
customers to this beautiful Weigela. The flowers are dark crimson, with t h
white stamens projecting from them, reminding one somewhat of Fuchsi
flowers. Iteblooms in Spring with other Weigelas; but if plants are toppe
off after young growth has been made, they bloom profusely in the Fall. There
is a ready sale found for it on account of its beautiful color, and it is conceded
to be one of the best of the numerous varieties of Weigelas.
Horrensis NivEA—Flowers pure white, retaining their purity during the whol®
time of flowering ; foliage large.
RosEA—An elegant shrub, with fine rose-colored flowers; introduced from China by
Mr. Fortune, and considered one of the finest plants he has discovered. Quite
hardy; blooms in May.
VARIEGATED-LEAVED (Fol. Variegata.)—Leaves bordered with yellowish white,
finely marked ; flowers bright pink.
RHODODENDRON (Rosebay).
The Rhododendrons are magnificent flowering Evergreen Shrubs. All prefer a
peaty soil and a somewhat shaded situation. The Catawbiense varieties are the most
hardy, and succeed in our climate better than any other. In this latitude they require
to be protected in winter.
Ru. CATAWBIENSE. Catawba Rosebay.—A bushy shrub, with broadly oval leaves,
and compact, round clusters of lilac and violet flowers in June. We have a
large collection, embracing the best varieties of this hardy species. Plants
with flowering buds, about 18 to 24 inches.
HARDY CLIMBING PLANTS. 55
HARDY CLIMBING, PLANTS.
Ampelopsis.
AMERICAN Ivy, or VrRGINIA CREEPER (A. Quinquefolia).—A native vine of rapid
growth, with large, luxuriant foliage, which in Autumn assumes the most
gorgeous crimson and purple coloring.
A. Verrcutt (Veitch’s Ampelopsis)—Japan. Leaves a little smaller and more Ivy-like
in form than the foregoing. Overlapping each other they form a dense sheet
of green. It grows rapidly and clings to the surface of even a painted brick wall
with great tenacity. The foliage is especially handsome in summer, and changes
to a scarlet crimson in autumn. For covering walls, stumps of trees, rocks, etc.,
no plant is more useful or beautiful.
Royati—New. A larger and stronger growing variety than the preceding, other-
wise quite similar.
Aristolochia, or Dutchman’s Pipe.
SypHo—A rapid growing vine with magnificent foliage ten to twelve inches in diam-
eter, and curious pipe-shaped yellowish-brown flowers.
Honeysuckle (Lonicera),
CHINESE TWINING (Japonica.)—A well known vine, holding its foliage nearly all
winter. Blooms in July and September and is very sweet.
Common Woopsineé (Periclymenum).—A strong, rapid grower, with very showy
flowers, red outside, buff within. June and July.
Haxv’s JAPAN (Halleana.)—A strong, vigorous, evergreen variety, with pure white
flowers, changing to yellow. Very fragrant, covered with flowers from June
to November.
JAPAN GOLD-LEAVED (Aurea reticulata.)—A handsome variety, having foliage beau-
tifully netted or variegated with yellow.
Montruty FRAGRANT (Belgica.)—Blooms all summer. Flowers red and yellow.
Very sweet.
ScarLer TRUMPET (Sempervirens.)—A strong grower, and produces scarlet inodor-
ous flowers all summer.
Ivy, American (See Ampelopsis.)
Ivy.
Common Enewtsy (Hedera helix.)—The Ivy, being an evergreen, not very hardy,
and suffering from exposure to the Winter sun, should be planted on the north
side of buildings or walls. It is very effective, grown in pots, for inside deco-
ration.
Trumpet Vine (Bignonia Radicans).
A splendid climber, vigorous and hardy with clusters of large, trumpet-shaped scar-
let flowers in August.
Wistaria.
CHINESE PuRPLE (Sinensis.)—A most beautiful climber of rapid growth, and pro-
ducing long, pendulous clusters of pale blue flowers. When well established,
makes an enormous growth ; it is very hardy, and one of the most superb vines
ever introduced.
CHINESE Wuite (Sinensis Alba.)—Introduced by Mr. Fortune, from China, and
regarded as one of his greatest acquisitions. Rather tender.
56 CLEMATIS.
CLEMATIS,
or Virgin’s Bower.
Ew The different varieties and species of Cle-
a) i matis now in cultivation are of the highest
)) ¥ beauty and utility. They vary greatly in
S their foliage and flowers, and are adapted
such as our common native sort, (C. Virgin-
!/ cana), and the European Virgin’s Bower (C. flammula), are quite fragrant, \and
are particularly attractive on this account. The large-flowered varieties,} like
the well-known C. Jackmanni, are extremely showy, and produce great num-
bers of their beautiful flowers. These plants are trained on trellises, and over
porches and pillars; they are also planted in beds and the stems allowed to run upon
the ground, being pegged down to keep them in place, thus producing great masses of
bloom which make a grand appearance, especially when contrasting colors are in prox:
imity. All are hardy, of easy growth, and will adapt themselves to nearly or quite
all soils. They will make themselves at home in any good garden.
AMERICAN (C. Virginiana)—One of the most rapid-growing kinds, covered in August
with the greatest profusion of pale white flowers, which are succeeded by brown
hairy-like plumes; very beautiful and unique.
CoccrnEA—Distinct from other varieties; bright coral scarlet flowers. July to
October.
CrispA—A handsome native variety, with nodding, bell-shaped, lavender-purple,
fragrant flowers, which are an inch or a little more in length and breadth, with
revolute sepals ; very distinct.
FLAMMULA (European Sweet)—The flowers of this variety are very fragrant; requires
a slight protection in Winter ; very desirable.
ViticeELLA—An old European sort, with small blue flowers on long stems—very
hardy and vigorous. ! -
Clematis, Large Flowering.
ALEXANDRA—This is one of the continuous blooming sorts of real merit; has a vig-
orous habit of growth and in flower is remarkably showy and ornamental. The
flowers are large and of a pale reddish violet color. New and desirable. July
to October.
BrEauty or WorcEsTER—New; a large and handsome eight-petalled flower, of a
lovely bluish violet shade, with prominent pure white stamens. It possesses the
singular habit of producing both single and double flowers on the same plant for
its earlier bloom, and as the season advances single flowers only are borne on the
laterals.
BELLE oF Woxrne—A fine new double variety of the Florida type; the colorisa
delicate tint of bluish-mauve or silver-gray. A decided acquisition.
CountEss or LovELACE—A decided advance on John Gould Veitch, both in habit,
color and form. A bluish-lilac, rosette shaped, forming a double flower.
DucHEss oF EpinpurcH—This is without doubt the best of the double white varie-
ties. The flowers are pure white, four inches across, very deep, consisting of
from ten to eleven rows or series of sepals, which are short and close set, so as
to form a compact and completely filled out flower. They are also remarkably
sweet scented.
Duke oF EprnpsurGH—F lowers medium sized, six sepaled. Bluish violet; anthers
dark purplish-chocolate.
CLEMATIS. 57
Clematis, Large Flowering, (continued.)
Farr Rosamonp—Free-growing and handsome. The flower is fully six inches
across, and consists of eight sepals. The color is white with a bluish cast, hav-
ing a light wine red bar up the center of each sepal. Flowers very fragrant,
and are abundant through June and first of July.
Fortunri—This was introduced from Japan by Mr. Fortune. The flowers are
large, double, white and somewhat fragrant.
GrM—A new and valuable perpetual blooming variety. The flowers are of a deep
lavender blue. The parent plant, though much weakened by propagation, had
upwards of one hundred flower buds as late as the middle of October, 1871.
June to October.
GLOIRE DE Sv. JuLIEN—One of the best new perpetual white varieties. The flow-
ers are very large and abundant. June to October.
Henryi—This is the finest of all white Clematis, and should find a place in every-
collection. Itis not only a vigorous grower—it is a remarkably free and con-
tinuous bloomer, beginning with the earliest and holding on with the latest.
Flowers large, of a beautiful creamy white; consisting generally of from six
to eight spreading sepals. Unfortunately art cannot produce a picture corres-
ponding in any degree to the wealth of beauty found in the flowers of this
variety. Especially desirable. June to October.
JACKMANNI—This is perhaps the best known of the fine perpetual Clematis, and
should have credit for the great popularity now attending this family of beauti-
ful climbers. The plant is free in its form of growth, and an abundant and
successional bloomer, producing flowers until frozen up. The flowers are large,
of an intense violet purple, remarkable for its velvety richness. Though raised
in 1862—since which time many new varieties have been raised and introduced—
the Jackmanni has no superior and very few, if any equals. July to October.
JACKMANNI ALBA—A light colored variety of vigorous growing habit; the flowers
are four to six sepaled, of a grayish white. It is the nearest approach yet made
to that great desideratum, a white-flowered Clematis Jackmanni.
JoHN GouLD VerrcH—Sent from Japan in 1862. The flowers are very handsome,
distinct, large. double, and of a light blue or lavender color. It is like Fortunei,
. except in the color of the flowers. June and July.
Lavy BovittE—This very fine variety has peculiar and well-formed cupped flowers,
of a clear, soft, grayish blue. It is a vigorous grower and free and continuous
bloomer. July to October.
Lapy CaroLinE NrevitLte—A remarkably fine variety of the Lanuginosa type, pro-
ducing flowers successionally through the summer and autumn months. Color
pale mauve, with lavender bar; anthers pale reddish-brown.
LANuGINOSA CANDIDA—A variety of the above, having large, delicately tinted,
grayish white flowers, which become white after the flowers are fully expanded.
One of the best. July to October.
LAwsonraAna—One of the finest of all; a vigorous grower and continuous bloomer.
The flowers are very large, often nine inches in diameter. Opening a rich,
glistening, rosy purple, they gradually change to a mauve purple. June to
October.
Lucie Lemorne—New. Flowers white, double, large and well formed; composed
of 75 to 90 petals, very showy. June.
Mapam GRANGE—A remarkable and vigorous-habited variety; flowers five inches
across; of a rich, deep velvety, maroon-crimson, becoming purplish with age;
having a red bar down the center of each sepal.
Miss BarEMAN—One of the most charming of the spring-flowering hybrids, having
large white flowers, with chocolate red anthers, and somewhat fragrant. May
and June.
PRINCE OF WALES—This is one of the very profuse flowering varieties of vigorous
habit; showy and free. The flowers are of deep purple with a red bar in the
center of each flower leaf. First-rate for bedding as well as training up. July
to October.
Princess oF WaALEs—A deep bluish mauve, with a satiny surface. An exceed-
ingly fine Clematis. .
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:
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58
HARDY ROSES.
Clematis, Large Flowering, (continued.)
PurpPurREA ELEGANS—Deep violet purple, light-colored filaments, and pinkish brown
anthers. First-class certificate Royal Horticultural Society.
Ramona—Said to be an American seedling of the Jackmanni type; one of the
strongest growers; flowers lavender blue, similar to the Gem.
RuseLLA—One of the finest of the Jackmanni class, having the same habit of
abundant and continuous blooming until frozen up. The flowers are large and
of a deep velvety claret color; showy and effective. July to October.
Rusra VroLaAcEA—This is another of the Jackmanni class, producing flowers in
great profusion, which are of a maroon-purple, flushed with reddish violet.
One of the best. July to October.
Star or InprA—A very showy, very free flowering sort with large flowers, first of
a reddish plum color, changing to a violet purple, with turkey-red bar in the
center of each flower leaf. A distinct variety of great merit. July to October.
VELUTINA PURPUREA—This variety has great merit in being the darkest colored
Clematis of the class. It has the vigorous, free-blooming character of the
Jackmanni. The flowers are large and of a very rich blackish mulberry-purple
color. New and choice. July to October.
VITICELLA RUBRA GRANDIFLORA—This is the nearest approach to a crimson Cle-
matis yet obtained. The flowers, which are very abundant, are of a dull crim-
son color, and have green stamens. July to October.
VITICELLA VENOsA—A beautiful Clematis, of free growth. The flowers are above
medium size; the color is a pleasing tint of reddish-purple, elegantly veined
with crimson. July to October.
WiiiiAM KEnNETT—A choice new variety, having large flowers of a deep lavender.
July to October.
ROSES.
We have continued our extensive propagations of Roses on their own roots, so that
our largely increased facilities for growing and storing over winter have been taxed to
their full capacity. We are constantly adding the most promising new kinds to our
list, and claim to have one of the largest, as well as best grown and best selected stocks of
Roses in the country.
Cultivation.—Roses require plenty of manure and good cultivation. Old and
decayed branches and at least half the previous season’s growth should be cut away
HARDY ROSES. 59
early each spring, and a little cutting back after the first blooming will insure more late
flowers. The so-called tender Roses must be carefully protected in winter by covering
them with leaves and evergreen boughs; and the hardy sorts will be rendered more vig-
orous and productive of fine flowers, if they too, are similarly protected.
Insects.—If the ‘‘thrip” or fly appears, syringe the plants daily with a strongly
steeped solution of tobacco stems (one pound of stems to five gallons of water), or a solu-
tion of whale oil soap (one pound of soap to eight gallons of water), until the insects are
mastered. Rose bugs, which work at the flowers, must be picked off. The presence of
the rose caterpillar can be detected by its glueing two or more leaves together to form a
shelter. These leaves should be promptly pressed together with the thumb and finger.
Insects which eat the leaves can be destroyed by applying White Hellebore when the
foliage isdamp. The secret of success in destroying all species of insects lies in applying
the appropriate remedy as soon as the insects appear.
Our Roses are strong plants grown out of doors, well-rooted and every way desir-
able. They have already bloomed before being sent out, and are in every respect much
better and stronger plants than the ones that are so fully advertised and sent out by mail,
which are small, tender shoots, started ina greenhouse, and after a few weeks sent out
before they have established growth and constitution enough to stand the shock of
transplanting.
CLASS A~HARDY HYBRID PERPETUAL OR REMON-
TANT ROSES:
In this class are ifcluded the so-called ‘‘ Hyprim Norserres,” also a few of the
“Hysrip Tras.” These two groups contain some very beautiful varieties, which can-
not be omitted from any good list of Roses for out door cultivation, but as they are much
more tender than the others in this class, they must be thoroughly protected in Winter
by a covering of forest leaves or other light litter. We also include the Summer Roses
(Hybrid China and others,) blooming but once in the season, but very hardy and beauti-
ful. As for the rest of this class it comprises many of the most beautiful Roses in culti-
vation, and as they are hardy and easy of culture, with the desirable habit of producing
a second crop of flowers in the Autumn, they must be as a class the most popular and
reliable for the multitude of planters. To ensure their blossoming freely in the Autumn,
however, they must be cut back in the Summer, and a portion of the first crop of flowers
sacrificed.
The most of our Roses are propagated on their own roots from cuttings. They are
never liable to throw up suckers of an inferior kind.
Alfred Colomb—Brilliant carmine crimson, very large, full, of fine globular form
and extremely fragrant.
ANNE DE DIESBACH— One of the best and most satisfactory Hybrid Per-
petual Roses. A strong, vigorous grower, extremely hardy; producing very
large, double flowers, of a lovely shade of carmine, and delightfully fragrant.
American Beauty—Large, globular; deep pink shaded with carmine ; delicious
odor; has proved to be a most desirable variety for forcing, and may be found
valuable for cultivation out of doors.
Antoine Mouton—Deep rose, tinged with lilac. Hardy and fragrant.
Antoine Quihon—Very deep velvety crimson, darker than Prince Camille. A good
grower, of bushy habit. Very desirable.
Augusta Mie—Delicate pink; finely cupped. A vigorous grower.
Baron de Bonstetten—Rich velvety maroon; large, full. A splendid sort.
60 HARDY ROSES.
6
Caroline de Sansal—Clear delicate flesh color; fine form; a strong grower, and one
of the best of its color.
CLIMBING JULES MARGOTTIN—Carmine-rose, fine in open flower and in
bud; the best of all the climbing sports. It may be grown either as a Pillar Rose,
or by pruning, kept in bush form; it should be in every collection.
CLIMBING VICTOR VERDIER—Resembles Victor Verdier, of which it is a
seedling, but having a decided climbing habit. Bright rose with carmine center,
a very fresh shade of color; free bloomer; wood nearly smooth. This variety is
particularly desirable on account of its vigorous constitution and free flowering
habit.
Comtesse Cecile de Chabrillant—Deep pink, of medium size; full, fragrant,
of perfect globular form. A lovely rose, very hardy.
COQUETTE DES ALPES—White, slightly shaded with carmine; form semi-
cupped; wood long jointed; larger flowers than the others. The strongest grower
of the entire class.
COQUETTE DES BLANCHES—Pure white, sometimes faintly tinged with
pink; flowers of medium size, somewhat flat, but full and very pretty; growth
more bushy and symmetrical than any of the others. One of the hardiest. Later
than the rest in coming into flower, but continuing to produce immense quanti-
ties of beautiful white Roses in large clusters throughout the season, until frost
appears.
Countess of Oxford—A seedling from Victor Verdier. Bright carmine, fading in
the sun; very large and full; not fragrant. Wood almost thornless; foliage very
handsome, large and distinct. Fine in the bud; valuable for forcing.
Dinsmore—A new seedling from New Jersey. A splendid bedding sort; perfectly
hardy, of vigorous growth, and produces an abundance of bloom all Summer.
The flowers are large, perfectly double, and of a bright crimson color.
Duke of Edinburgh—Bright crimson, large double flowers, slightly fragrant.
Foliage large and attractive. A free bloomer early in the season.
Fontinelle—Bright, shining scarlet, beautifully shaded with rich crimson; petals
edged with violet; very large, handsome flowers; full and double, and exceedingly
sweet. A vigorous grower and very hardy. ‘
Francois | evet—Cherry-red; medium size; well formed; one of the Paul Verdier
style; very free bloomer and vigorous grower.
GENERAL JACQUEMINOT— Brilliant crimson, large and very fine; one of the
handsomest and most showy Roses of this color. Beautiful in the bud; semi-
double when full blown. Of fine free growth; a universal favorite.
General Washington—Fine crimson; very full and double; a moderate grower;
one of the handsomest of roses when well grown.
Gloire de Margottin—New. This is the brightest colored rose yet introduced, and
is in every way a most desirable variety, being a good strong vigorous grower and
free bloomer; good for either forcing or out-door culture.
Jean Liabaud—Fiery crimson; large and double; fragrant; one of the best dark
roses; vigorous.
John Bright—Glowing crimson. Said to be the brightest rose yet raised.
John Hopper—A seedling from Jules Margottin, fertilized by Mme. Vidot. Bright
rose with carmine center; large and full; light red thorns, not numerous. A pro-
fuse bloomer and standard sort.
Jules Margottin—Bright cherry red; large and full; free flowering and hardy.
La France—Delicate silvery rose; very large and full; an almost constant bloomer;
equal in delicacy to a tea rose; the most pleasing fragrance of all roses; only a
moderate grower, but most desirable.
La Reine—Brilliant glossy rose, very large; cupped and beautiful; a very hardy,
useful rose.
La Rosiere—Velvety crimson. A fine rose, excelling Prince Camille; petals with
good substance.
Leopold Premier— Bright dark red; fine form; large, ‘and a strong grower.
Louise Odier—Bright rose color, medium size, full; well formed and hardy.
HARDY ROSES. 61
Louis Van Houtte—Crimson maroon; medium size; sometimes large, full. <A
tender sort, but very free blooming, and, altogether, the best crimson Rose we
have. A moderate grower.
MAD. GABRIEL LUIZET—For loveliness in color, fragrance, size and free-
dom of blooming qualities, this rose has no equal to-day; equally good as a bed-
ding rose out-doors. Pink, distinct, very large, cupped shape; somewhat frag-
rant. Asan exhibition rose, will rank with its rival, Baroness Rothschild.
Madame Plantier—Pure white; medium size, full; flowers produced in great
abundance early in the season.
Marie Rady—Vermilion, shaded with crimson; large, very full, of fine globular
form. A fragrant, superb sort, but ashy bloomer in Autumn. A free grower.
Magna Charta—Bright pink, suffused with carmine; very large, full and fragrant,
with magnificent foliage. A free bloomer. For the earliest deep color is still the
best.
Marshall P. Wilder-—Raised from the seed of the Gen. Jacqueminot. It is of vig-
orous growth, with healthy foliage; flowers large, semi-globular, full, well
formed; color, cherry-carmine. In wood, foliage and form of flower, it resembles
Alfred Colomb.
Maurice Bernardin_-Bright crimson, large, moderately full; a good free-flower-
ing sort, often coming in clusters.
MRS. JOHN LAING—New. As a bedding rose this is undoubtedly one of the best
varieties yet introduced, being hardly ever out of bloom all summer. Color, a
beautiful shade of delicate pink; of large size and very fragrant. It is also a
good forcer from January onwards.
Meteor—As a dark crimson perpetual blooming rose this ranks as one of the best yet
introduced of any class. It is especially valuable for summer and fall blooming
either in the greenhouse or in open ground, and where there is a demand for fine
roses in summer, this variety will become a great favorite.
Pzeonia—Red; large or very large; fragrant, and a free bloomer. A good garden
variety.
PAUL NEY RON —This magnificent Rose should be in every collection. By far the
largest variety in cultivation ; the flowers are of immense size, many of them be-
ing five to six inches in diameter, very double and full, of a beautiful deep rose
color, and delightfully fragrant, borne upon vigorous upright shoots in great
abundance throughout the entire season. AS showy as the Peony, it has the de-
licate coloring and exquisite scent of the Rose. The wood is nearly smooth and
foliage tough and enduring. We recommend this variety very highly for general
planting, as it is calculated to give more satisfaction to the masses than any
other known variety.
Persian Yellow—Deep, bright yellow; small but handsome ; double ; a very early
bloomer, and much the finest hardy yellow rose.
Pierre Notting—Blackish red, shaded with velvet; globular in form; very large
and full, and one of the finest dark roses. Needs some winter protection.
Pius [X—Deep rose, tinged with carmine ; large and full; a robust grower and pro-
fuse bloomer.
Prince Camille de Rohan—Deep velvety crimson, large, moderately full. One
of the darkest in cultivation, and a splendid rose.
Queen of Queens—Pink, with blush edges; undoubtedly the finest Rose of its
color ; extra free flowering.
Sydonie—Light rose, large and distinct ; buds especially fine; a strong grower, pro-
ducing magnificent foliage and an abundance of flowers.
ULRICH BRUNNER—A superb Rose; a seedling from Paul Neyron; extra large,
bold flowers; full and globular ; petals large and of good substance; color, rich
glowing crimson, elegantly lightened with scarlet ; fragrant.
Victor Verdier—Fine, bright rose, shaded with carmine; very hardy and a fine
bloomer ; a splendid rose.
62 PERPETUAL TENDER ROSES.
HARDY CLIMBING ROSES.
Baltimore Belle—Pale blush, nearly white ; double ; the best white climbing rose.
Gem of the Prairie—Carmine crimson, occasionally blotched with white; a cross
hybrid between Madame Laffay and Queen of the Prairie.
Greville, or Seven Sisters—Crimson, changes to blush ; flowers in large clusters ;
not as hardy as others.
Queen of the Prairie—Bright rosy red, frequently striped with white; large,
compact and globular.
MOSS ROSES.
COUNTESS de MURINAIS—Pure white; large; very desirable; the finest
white moss.
Crested—Deep pink buds, surrounded with mossy fringe and crest. Very beautiful
and fragrant; growth slender.
Glory of Mosses—A moderate grower. Flowers very large; appear to best advan-
tage when full; color, pale rose.
Luxembourg—Deep crimson ; fine grower.
Madam Alboni—Pink; very large. <A beautiful and desirable sort.
Madame de la Rochelambert—Light red; a free summer bloomer, and a fine
grower.
Princess Adelaide—A vigorous grower; pale rose of medium size and good form;
good in bud and flower.. One of the best.
Perpetual White—Pure white; produces very few flowers.
SALET—A vigorous grower and perpetual bloomer. Light rose, large, full. The
best of the class. A true perpetual moss, blooming at intervals from June until
November.
White Bath—White, sometimes tinged with flesh; attractive in bud and open flower.
This is by far the best white moss.
PERPETUAL TENDER ROSES.
Under this head we include all classes of Tender Roses—Bourbon, China, Noisette
and Tea, and indicate the class to which each variety belongs with the letter B. C. N. or
T., respectively.
Agrippina (C)—Red, velvety crimson; moderately double; fine in buds; valuable for
planting out. One of the best.
Bon Silene (T)—Rosy Carmine, shaded with salmon; fragrant and very free flower-
ing. Valuable for the buds.
Catharine Mermet (T)—Bright flesh color, with the same peculiar lustre possessed
by La France. Large, full and beautiful. One of the finest Teas.
Cornelia Cook (T)—Pale yellowish white, tinged with flesh. A superb rose when
well grown.
Douglas (C)—Crimson; medium size; semi-double; fine buds.
General Tartas (T)—Deep crimson; often mottled; of special value for its buds.
Gloire de Dijon (T)—(Climber)—A combination of salmon, orange and buff; flower
large and of good globular form; hardy.
‘Hermosa (B)—Bright rose; a most constant bloomer; hardy; one of the best.
Madame Welch (T)—Pale yellow, orange centre. Large, full, of good form.
——
HEDGE PLANTS. 63
Marechal Niel (N)—Deep yellow; very large; very full, globular; highly scented.
Requires careful treatment. It should be severely pruned. The finest yellow
rose.
Niphetos (T)—Pale yellowish-white, often snowy white. Long, large buds. Very
beautiful. :
PAPA GONTIER (T)—Rose shaded yellow, reverse of petals crimson; large,
semi-double, fragrant, free growing, profuse flowering; very popular for winter
forcing
g.
PERLE DES JARDINS (T)—A beautiful straw color, sometimes deep canary;
very large, full, and of fine form; stiff shoots or stems, and very free flowering.
Now established as the most popular yellow rose for forcing. ‘
Puritan (H T)—A hybrid from Mabel Morrison and Devoniensis. In size and shape
resembles the former; flowers large, often badly formed, pure white, sweet; fine
foliage. This variety has greatly disappointed us. It has little merit apparently.
Safrano (T)—Safron and Apricot. A very free bloomer. One of the oldest and best
varieties, especially when used in the bud state.
Souvenir de la Malmaison (B)—Pale flesh, with a fawn shade; very large;
showy; beautiful. An old favorite.
Sunset (T)—A sport from Perle des Jardins. Identical in every respect with that
variety except that its color, instead of being a canary yellow, is of a rich, tawny
shade of saffron and orange, similar to but deeper than Safrano. In size, vigor and
productiveness it is in all respects the same as the variety from which it sprung.
The Bride (T)—A lovely, pure white Tea Rose of large size. Admirable for forcing
as well as for Summer flowering. The buds have more substance than Niphetos,
are full and double and possess the good characteristics of Cath. Mermet.
PED GE erin ANS:
Hedges are valuable as a defence against animals, as wind brakes to protect orchards,
gardens or farms unduly:exposed, and as ornamental fences or screens to mark the
boundaries of a lawn or cemetery lot.
HEDGES FOR DEFENCE.
Honey Locust—For turning cattle and as a farm hedge, is much the best in the
Northern States. It is of vigorous growth, perfectly hardy; thrives with ordi-
nary care, and is sufficiently thorny to be impenetrable. It bears the shears
well.
Osage Orange—In the South and Southwest is in great favor, and wherever
it can be grown without Winter killing, it makes a very efficient hedge.
HEDGES FOR WIND BRAKES.
Norway Spruce is the best. Its vigorous habit, rapid, dense growth, when
properly sheared or pruned, large size and entire hardiness, are characteristics
not easily obtained in any other Evergreen.
American Arbor Vitze comes next. Belts of Pines are also useful as a
protection.
ORNAMENTAL HEDGES OR SCREENS.
American and Siberian Arbor Vitz, Norway Spruce, Hemlock and
especially Japan Quince and Purple Berberry, all described in their
appropriate places in this catalogue, make beautiful screens or hedges.
Privet—A pretty shrub with smooth, shining leaves and spikes of white flowers,
also makes a beautiful hedge. :
64 PZEONIES.
As @INGSS:
A splendid class of shrubs, flowering in all shades, from red and lilac to white, with
blooms from four to eight inches in diameter. Many of them are very double, and have
a delicate and refreshing fragrance; they are easily cultivated and require but little pro-
ection.
Class I—PAZEONIA MOUTAN. TREE PAONIES.
P. Moutan—tThe parent species, is a native of China. The varieties are handsome
flowering shrubs, attaining from 6 to 8 feet in height in about ten years, with
proper care. The flowers are remarkably striking, of gorgeous colors, very num-
Crore and enormous in size, often measuriug 6 to 9 inches across, and appearing
in May.
P. Banksii (Chinese Double Blush Prony.)--Very large, fragrant flowers; rosy blush,
with purple centre. One of the finest.
P. alba plena—Double white, shaded with purple at the center.
CLASS II._CHINESE HERBACEOUS PAONIES.
These are beautiful, showy, and easily cultivated plants, blooming from the begin-
ning of May till the end of July. They should have a place in every garden. A selec-
tion will give a continuous bloom for three months. We offer the best sorts, varying
from pure white, straw color, salmon, flesh color and blush, to lilac and deep rose.
ANEMONE JAPONICA (Wind Flower).
RED FLowERING—A distinct and beautiful species; flowers 23 inches in diameter;
bright purplish rose, with golden yellow centers, borne in great profusion from
September to November. Height, 253 feet; habit neat and compact; very desir-
able and effective as a pot plant, and in lines or masses in beds or mixed borders.
WHITE FLowrrinc—A distinct and beautiful variety of the preceding; flowers 23
inches in diameter; pure white, center golden yellow, borne in great profusion
from September to November; very desirable and effective as a pot plant, and
in lines or masses in beds or mixed borders.
YUCCA FILAMENTOSA.
A handsomely formed plant, with lance-shaped leaves. In the Spring it: throws
up a flower-stem some three feet in height bearing a great number of beau-
tifully lily-shaped, pendant white flowers. Highly ornamental.
GRAPE VINE.
From a photograph ; showing three and one-half feet section of the original vine.
BRIGHTON
TEAS’ WEEPING MULBERRY.
The Best Hardy Weeping Tree.
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