A descriptive list of vegetable seeds

Historic, archived document

Do not assume content reflects current
scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.

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_THE_LIVINGSTON SEED COMPANY
; FAMOUS FOR QUALITY SEEDS SINCE 1850
COLUMBUS 16, OHIO

QUALITY LAWN SEEDS

Livingston’s ‘‘Capitol Brand” Mixture

The ingredients are the choicest, extra fancy grasses suitable for making
a beautiful, durable, lasting lawn. Withstands the intense heat of summer
and the hard cold of winter. Contains high percentage of heavy, hardy
seeds of perennial grasses with small amount of clover and annual nurse
grasses. Makes thick turf of rich, velvety green. Your lawn, once established
with “Capitol Brand,” lasts for years. Owing to the high-grade seeds used
in this mixture, one pound is sufficient to sow 300 square feet of new lawn.

Livingston’s Shady Place Mixture

This mixture contains extra fancy heavy weight grasses which are es-
pecially adaptable to shaded places where it is difficult to get a stand.
-Contains high percentage of Chewing’s Fescue, the most desirable kind for
dense shade.

Livingston’s Havalawn Mixture

Another quality mixture that we make and can highly recommend to
those who want a good lawn at most reasonable cost. It contains the same
kinds of grasses as Capitol above; will make a durable turf.

Fancy Mixed Lawn Mixture

A competitive mixture in price yet a good quality Lawn Seed which will
give highly satisfactory results. Available in 2 lb. and 5 Ib. fancy printed
bags and in 100 lb. bulk bags.

Kentucky Blue Grass

Used more for lawns than any
other grass. Slow to start, however,
should be mixed with other
quick-growing dwarf grasses. Dark

and

green in color; forms close, thick
turf and is very hardy.

Red Top

One of the Bent grasses. Used on
golf courses and in all good lawn
mixtures. Does well in wet places.
Drought-resistant.

Timothy
Generally used in mixtures as a

nurse for the slower-growing grasses.

White Clover
Excellent for
with other grasses; tends to keep
crab grass in check.

lawns when mixed

Domestic Rye Grass

Makes quick growth but not per-
manent lawn. Valuable where quick
results are desired.

Creeping Bent

True creeping bent of high quality.
Used on golf greens and in high
grade mixtures.

Chewing’s Fescue

A valuable grass. Especially good

in shady places.

/

ot A. T /
Livingston's “True Blue

Descriptive List

of

Garden Seeds

FOREWARD

For 100 years the term Livingston’s “True Blue” Garden
Seeds has meant something to the discriminating planter and
grower. During this century of service to the public both in
this country and abroad, “True Blue” seeds have built up a
priceless reputation. They have become synonymous with

99 66 99 66

terms : “dependability,” “trueness of type,” “vigorous growth,”

“honest germination” and “purity of strain.”

Our policy now is truly a continuation of that policy which
has been religiously followed by The Livingston Seed Co.
this last century, to give to the public the very best seed that
is possible. To that end, this descriptive catalogue is your
guide in helping you select those varieties that are best suited
to your locality, to your soil, and to your climate, realizing
always that these factors play a vital part in the final harvest
of any planting. Measurements of size, weight, shades of
color and even lengths of maturity are variable and only
approximate.

To our thousands of satisfied customers who have bought
“True Blue” seeds over the years our heartfelt thanks and to
our many new friends our pledge of continued honesty and
fairness.

MaeeelVINGSTON SEED CO.

COLUMBUS 16, OHIO

2 The Livingston Seed Company

Asparagus

Culture—Sow seed early in spring about 2 inches deep in rows 18 inches apart.
When one to two years old, transplant to permanent bed in rows 24 inches apart,
placing them 8 inches deep and 18 inches apart in the row. Fertilize heavily in
the fall and cultivate well in the spring.

One ounce of seed will sow 60 feet of drill. About 400 plants to the ounce.

Mary Washington. This variety is the last word in the rust-resistant sorts.
It is very early, producing large shoots, even the second year from seed,
sometimes an inch in diameter, with a tendency to be oval in cross-section. Its
high-branching habit makes it possible to cut shoots, with good tight tip buds,
as much as 2 feet long. Further, the tips do not “sprangle out” or “blow”
prematurely. The seeds are large and tend to produce strong, thrifty seedings
right from the start.

Paradise. Sensationally new, early maturing, rust-resistant variety, producing
normal crop one year earlier than others and a heavier crop throughout its
life. Large, crisp, tender stalks with fine, mild flavor; 6 to 8 stalks make a
pound. Fully as rust-resistant as Mary Washington. Ideally suited for freez-
ing; excellent for commercial growers and shippers.

Broccoll

Culture—Sow the seed % inch deep in the same manner as for late cabbage, in

May, and transplant in June or July, in very rich soil about 24% by 1% feet
apart.

One ounce of seed will sow 100 feet of row. About 2500 plants to an ounce.

Italian Green Sprouting. It forms a large head consisting of a cluster of
bluish green flower-heads. When this central head is removed the plant de-

velops numerous lateral sprouts, each of which produces a small head. These:

are cut, leaving about 6 inches of the stem, and are tied in bunches for market.
Both stems and heads are cooked and served like cauliflower.

DeCicco. Extremely early strain producing heads ten days to two weeks ahead
of above. Produces many side shoots excellent for bunching or for freezing.
Plant medium tall, light green in color.

Brussels Sprouts

Culture—Start seed the same as Cabbage and transplant outside in rows 24 to
30 inches apart, placing plants about 18 inches apart in the row. Cultivate same
as Cabbage. Can also sow seed in drills, 1%4 inch deep, outside in May and trans-
plant.

One ounce of seed will sow 200 feet of drill. About 200 plants to the packet.

Long Island Improved Dwarf. Hardy, dwarf variety developing heads
along the stem. These heads mature in succession from the base of the plant
upward and should be harvested accordingly.

Table Beets

Culture—The soil best suited for the culture of the Beet is that which is rather
light, well fertilized. If wanted very early, sow in hotbeds and transplant; but
for main crop sow in April, as soon as the ground becomes fit to work, in drills
11% feet apart, %4 inch deep. For succession later sowings can be made up to
August. For winter use, the turnip varieties may be sown as late as June and

Sn ER I =

Wholesale Seeds 3

Table Beets (continued)

the seed covered 2 inches. When the plants are 3 to 4 inches in height, thin out
so that they stand 2 to 3 inches apart. Keep free from weeds by frequent hoeing
and hand-weeding if necessary. Before freezing weather sets in the roots may
be stored in cellars or pits same as potatoes. Dry earth thrown over them before
the straw is put on insures their keeping over winter.

One ounce will sow 50 feet, 5 to 6 pounds to an actfe.

Crosby’s Improved Egyptian. Of handsome form, good size, fine quality, and
rapid growth, with few small tops and very small tap-root. The shape is very
desirable, not quite so flat as the ordinary Egyptian. Looks well even in early
stages of its growth. It may be sown outside as late as July for successive
crops. 45 days.

Detroit Dark Red. One of the most popular red Turnip Beets for market
gardeners and canners. Its small top, early maturity and splendid shape and
color have made it a favorite. Top small, upright growing; root globular and
very smooth; color of skin, dark red; flesh bright red, zoned with a darker
shade. 50 days.

Dewing’s Improved Blood Turnip. Old standard variety with slightly
flattened root. Recommended for late sowing for winter storage. 56 days.

Early Wonder. (Asgrow Type.) A turnip shaped variety selected from
Crosby’s Egyptian but slightly smaller, very uniform and always smooth.
Flesh red and of excellent quality ; tops are small and erect; therefore it may
be planted closer than most other varieties.

Edmond’s Early Blood Turnip. Nearly round, dark red, uniform variety ;
purplish red flesh. A good winter keeper. 57 days.

Extra Early Dark Red Egyptian. Blood-red, medium sized, early, flattened
variety with small tops. Good for forcing for early market. 45 days.

Ferry’s Light Crosby. 48 days. A good beet for early home and market.
Used in some localities for transplanting. Roots deep turnip shaped, bright
red. Flesh bright vermillion-red with faint zoning.

Perfected Dark Red. Selection from Detroit Dark Red. A superb market

and canning variety. Globular in shape, with interior dark red. Practically
no zoning. 60 days.

Mangel-Wurzel Varieties

Culture—Sow from April to July in rows 15 to 18 inches apart as soon as the
ground can be thoroughly worked. Cover seed about 1 inch, making ground
firm over the seed. When 4 inches high, thin to 8 inches apart.

Mammoth Long Red (Jumbo Mangel, Colossal, etc.). Large, well-formed,
dark red. Big cropper, yielding 30 to 50 tons per acre; dairymen’s favorite.

Sludstrup Yellow Giant. Roots long, oval, reddish yellow. Flesh white.
Easy to pull. Of very high feeding value.

Beans
Green-Podded Dwarf

Culture—Dwarf Beans should be planted in rows 2% feet apart with 3 or 4
beans in a hill about 10 inches apart in the row. If drilled, they should be placed
3 to 4 inches’apart. Cover with 1 inch of soil and press down firmly to aid in
germination. For a continuous supply, plant about May 15th and every ten days

4 The Livingston Seed Company

Beans—Green-Podded Dwarf (continued)

until August. Do not cultivate deep after blossoms appear and never cultivate
or handle when the vines are wet. Pick frequently to insure longer bearing.
One pound will plant a row 100 feet long; 60 to 100 lbs. to an acre.

Asgrow Valentine. A stringless Black Valentine. Pods are long, straight,
oval, and completely stringless; plants, resembling Black Valentine, are sturdy
and prolific. Long distance shipper. 55 days.

Bountiful. Best flat-podded or semi-round variety—valuable for early shipping.
Light green, straight, stringless pod, 6 to 7 inches long. A hardy, productive
early sort, bearing a long time. 51 days.

Fordhook Favorite. An excellent white seeded stringless green pod bean.
Either a good marketer or canner. The white seed when mature can be used
for soup or baking. 54 days.

Full Measure. Fine, stringless, green pod, about 6 inches long, straight, very
fleshy, round, and crease-backed. 60 days.

Giant Stringless Green-Pod. Pods 5 inches long, round, fleshy, extremely
crisp, and absolutely stringless. Early and prolific; fine for canning. 56 days.

Hopkins Earliest Red Valentine. Fine strain of the old Red Valentine type.
Nearly stringless when young. 54 days.

New Long Green. An outstanding new variety round pod, stringless and of the
same excellent type as Tendergreen but will average at least a full inch greater
in length, yielding heavy crops of attractive long, slender pods of the highest
quality a day or two later than Tendergreen.

Stringless Green-Pod. Produces medium long, straight, round, saddle-backed
pods which are stringless at all stages. For best results plant in rich soil.
Very productive. One of the best general purpose varieties. 55 days.

Tendergreen. Gold Medal, A.A.S., 1933. New, tender, fine-flavored, early,
dwarf-Bean. The pods are long, round, very meaty, of a light green color, and
entirely stringless. Vines very vigorous and productive. 56 days.

Tennessee Green-Pod. A large, flat-podded variety, having strings, but of
good quality. Hardy and productive. 52 days.

Dry Shell Beans

Dwarf Horticultural (Roman). Excellent for green shell use or snaps. Pods
5% to 6 inches long. Dark green, flat, and stringless at snap stage. At green
shell stage, greenish-yellow splashed with red. Plant thrifty and productive.
Seed oval, spotted and splashed with red. 65 days.

French Horticultural. A fine green shell variety. Pods 6 to 8 inches long,
straight, splashed with carmine in green shell state. Plants erect with short
runners late in season. Productive, seed round, splashed carmine. 65 days.

Red Kidney. Standard commercial variety. Pods flattened, oval, tough and
not edible. Plant erect, bushing, and very prolific. Seed, deep mahogany,
kidney shape. 100 days.

Robust Pea (White Navy). The common white pea bean of commerce.
Pods flat and not edible. Plant large, hardy, very prolific. Seed small, round,

’ oval, white. 95 days.

White Kidney. A high quality bean for dry use. Pods flat, straight and non-
edible. Plant erect, hardy, very productive. Seed, large white kidney shape.
100 days.

White Marrow. A well-known old variety used as a dry shell bean for baking.
A good variety for home gardens. Vines 18 inches tall with short runners.
Pods 5 to 5% inches long, flattened and not edible. Seed white, medium large,
full oval shape. 100 days.

Wholesale Seeds 5

Wax-Podded Dwarf Varieties

Improved Pencil-Pod Black Wax. An improvement over the old strain.
Pods are round, 6 to 7 inches long, stringless. Plants vigorous and productive.
Good quality. 59 days.

Sure-Crop Wax. Considered the best semi-round wax bean. A thrifty, hardy,
stringless variety with long, deep yellow pods. Less susceptible to rust than
others. Valuable for shipping and market. 62 days.

Top Notch Golden Wax. Flat, 5 inch pods, clear golden yellow, fleshy and
stringless; very productive. An excellent home garden sort. 54 days.

Brittle Wax or Round Pod Kidney Wax. Excellent for canning and for
the home garden. Pods 5% to 6 in. long, medium yellow, round, deeply
creasebacked, entirely stringless, and very brittle. Seed white, kidney shaped
with black eye. 52 days.

Pole or Running Beans

Culture—The Pole or Running Varieties are tender and should be sown a week
later than Bush Beans. They succeed best in sandy loam, which should be
liberally enriched with manure. Form hills 3 to 4 feet apart; plant three to six
Beans in a hill, 1 inch deep; leaving space in center for the pole. When well
started, thin to from 2 to 4 plants in the hill.

Two pounds will make 100 to 200 hills, according to size of Beans.

Early White Half Runner. Very prolific; light green, 514 inch pods contain-
ing 5 to 8 beans. Stringless when young and excellent as dry shell bean. 20
inches tall with short runners. 60 days.

Kentucky Wonder or Old Homestead. Old favorite. Long, fleshy, deeply
saddle-backed green pods. Very prolific, producing fine, crisp Beans until
late in the season. Slightly stringy, but of best quality. 65 days.

Kentucky Wonder Wax. Similar to the Kentucky Wonder, except light waxy
yellow. Broad pod, stringless. 70 days.

King Horticultural. New variety noted for earliness and enormous yield.
Pods are long, straight and entirely stringless; beans are exceptionally large. |
Will command attractive prices on market. 70 days.

Lazy Wife. Flat pods; stringless. 73 days.

Logan Giant. Light green podded snap beans of finest quality. 6 to 7 inch pod,
broad, round and slightly curved, produced in clusters. 60 days,

e

McCaslan Pole. Excellent market variety for snap and dry shell beans. Pods 8
inches long, flat, medium green; almost stringless. Similar to Kentucky
Wonder except seeds are white. 65 days.

Missouri Wonder. Vigorous productive variety; pods round, fleshy, 8 inches
long, of good quality; fine for home garden or market, usually grown in corn.
65 days.

St. Louis Pole. A green-podded, white seeded sort, desirable for snaps when

young. When fully developed becomes stringy and when dry and hulled makes

: baking variety of highest quality. Round, 8 to 9 inch pods; fine quality. 65
ays.

Speckled Cranberry (London Horticultural). A short snap period and dark
green at snap stage. Changing to yellow splashed with violent red at shell
stage. Dried beans remarkable for winter use. 72 days.

6 The Livingston Seed Company

Pole or Running Beans (continued)

White Creaseback or White Cornfield. An old variety for the home garden.
Vine 4 to 5 feet tall. Good climber, hardy, productive, and bears over a long
period. Pods 5% to 6 inches long, medium green, stringless when young, round
and of good quality. Seed white, oval; makes a good dry shell bean.

White Kentucky Wonder. High yielding type of Ky. Wonder, white seed.
Round pod, stringless at early stage. Good for dry shelled as well as snap
beans. 64 days.

Bush Lima Varieties

Culture—Limas are tender and must be planted after all danger of frost is over.
(Not before May 15.) Make rows 2 to 3 feet apart and plant beans on edge with
eyes down. Bush limas should be placed every 3 to 4 inches apart in the row; pole
limas, 24 to 36 inches apart, placing 2 to 3 beans in each hill. Cover to depth of 2
inches. Cultivate well, only when they are dry and up until blossoms appear.

One pound will plant 100 foot row; 60 to 90 pounds to acre.

Burpee’s Improved. Larger pods than the original Burpee’s Bush Lima.
Beans are thicker, and remain green even in the dry stage. The plants are
very prolific, bearing pods in clusters of from five to seven. The individual
pods average 5 inches long and contain up to six beans which are thin-skinned
and of delightful flavor. 75 days.

Fordhook. Outsells any other Bush Lima. The strong, erect bushes branch
freely and bear tremendous crops. The Beans are plump, remain green a long
time, are closely packed in the pods and shell easily. Pods are borne in clusters
of from four to six, average 4 to 5 inches long and usually contain four tender
beans of a delightful flavor. 75 days.

Fordhook 242. New All America variety. Outyields standard Fordhook.
Pods slightly smaller; plants larger and more vigorous. Produces better crops
in hot dry weather than Fordhook and holds uniform size and shape throughout
season.

Henderson’s. Baby Lima; heavy and sure cropper; best flavored for dry
winter use. Plants, 18 inches tall. 65 days. A popular commercial canning
sort.

Magruder’s Baby Fordhook. A new, dwarf Baby Lima that far surpasses any
other in cultivation. Plants erect, about 18 inches tall; pods borne in two sets,
2 inches long with three plump potato-shaped green beans of high quality.
65 days.

Wood’s Prolific. 65 days. Excellent for short season. Pods are 3-3% inches
long, % to inch wide and contain 3 or 4 beans each.

Pole Lima Varieties
One pound will plant 150 hills, 30 to 45 pounds to an acre.

Early Leviathan. Very early, of superior quality and wonderfully productive
and attractive. Plant vigorous and prolific. Beans large and flat. 90 days.

Giant-Podded. The largest-podded Lima in cultivation. Pods measure 7
inches long by 1% inches broad with extra large Beans of excellent quality.
90 days.

King of the Garden. Vigorous grower, pods containing five to six large,
white, flat Beans, which are of fine quality. The vines grow strong and yield
heavily. 88 days.

Wholesale Seeds 7

Carrots

Culture.—Sow in early spring as soon as the ground can be worked, in drills 15
to 18 inches apart, finally thinning the plants to 2 to 3 inches apart. Do not allow
growth to be checked; water, if necessary. If sown early on moist soil, a half-
inch is deep enough to cover the seed. The seed is slow to germinate. Keep clean
by frequent hoeing and weeding. If neglected, the young plants are easily
smothered, and the crop lost. Successive sowings can be made up to July.

One ounce sows 100 foot row, 4 pounds to an acre.

Chantenay, Long Type. An improved strain of Chantenay which is about an
inch longer than the original, being about 7 inches. Tops medium size, neck
small. The root tapers slightly and is decidedly stump-rooted. Color is deep
orange red; flesh is fine grained, crisp and tender and of splendid quality. A
heavy cropper. 69 days.

Chantenay Red Cored. Finer texture than Improved Chantenay, also roots
slightly shorter. Good either for canners or Market Gardeners. Suitable for
freezing. Tender and very sweet. 70 days.

Imperator. Award of Merit, All-American Selections, 1933. Bred for market
and shipping; a fine buncher. 7 to 8 inches long, sloping shoulders and semi-
blunt end. Rich orange color with indistinct core. 77 days.

Improved Danvers. Redcored. (Half-Long.) The best for general crop as it
will yield the most per acre. Tops medium size; roots orange, large, but of
medium length, tapering uniformly to a blunt point. 75 days.

Improved Long Orange. Deep orange color, good flavor; requires a deep
light soil. 10-12 inches long, tapered, pointed. 80 days.

Morse’s Bunching. An ideal market bunching variety. Tops are short and
rather coarse but strong; roots are 8 inches long, cylindrical and well stumped;
color is a deep orange. 77 days.

Oxheart. Early; intermediate in length and diameter. Adapted. to shallow
soils. Good keeper, much used for stock feed. Roots reddish orange, broad and
blunt. Easily harvested. 74 days.

Strong Top Nantes. New strain of the popular Nantes having stronger tops
making it easy to pull and ideal for bunching. Roots are 6 inches long, straight,
almost without a core; fine grained and sweet flavored. Highly recommended
for muck. 70 days.

Touchon. An improved Nantes, being slim and coreless with longer root but
not so strong a top but sufficiently strong for bunching. A good basket carrot.
Satisfactory on muck. 70 days.

o

Cauliflower

Culture—Cauliflower delights in a rich, moist soil. Sow the seed in the hotbed
in February or March and transplant the plants 2 to 3 inches apart in boxes, or in
another hotbed, until such time as they may safely be planted in the open ground.
For fall crop, sow seed in June. Set the plants in the field 30 inches by 18 inches
apart. When heading tie the outside leaves loosely over the head to protect it
from the sun.

One ounce produces 3000 plants, 6 to 8 ounces to an acre.

Henderson’s Early Snowball. One of the best for market purposes. Profitable
to force under glass, and does well for late planting. It is a sure header. 55
days from trans.

8 The Livingston Seed Company

Cauliflower (continued)

Super Snowball. An extra fine selection from Early Snowball. Medium large,
compact, pure white heads. Fine on river bottom soil for late or main crop.
Can be used for early on upland soils. 57 days from trans.

Snowdrift. New market variety. New Snowball type that produces larger
heads without material loss in earliness. Heads under adverse conditions;
resists “fuzziness” and “riciness.”

Veitch’s Autumn Giant. Used mainly by plant growers. 95 days from trans.

Cabbage

Culture—Cabbage does best in rich, mellow, well fertilized soil. For early, sow
seed inside in a box or in hot-bed in late February or early March. Transplant
into other boxes later and harden off by gradual exposure outside. Transplant
outside in April, in rows 2 feet apart and 1% feet in the row. Set plants down to
the first leaf and do not cover the heart with soil. Cultivate often and deeply.
For later Cabbage, sow seed outside in May and transplant in about four weeks.
Maturities given are from date of transplanting.

One ounce produces 2,500 plants; 4 ounces to an acre.

Early Varieties

Allhead Early. Deep, flat, solid head, uniform in size, shape and color. Very
compact and may be planted closely. 70 days.

Yellows-Resistant Allhead Early. Same as Allhead Early except is resistant
to Cabbage Yellows. 73 days.

All-Season. (Yellows-resistant.) Heads very large, round, solid, and of fine
quality, keeping as well as the winter sorts. Remarkable for its ability to stand
hot sun and dry weather. Does not head up all at once. 76 days.

Copenhagen Market. Early, large, round-headed strain averaging 5 to 8
pounds in weight. The compact growth of the plant, the solidity of the head,
its excellent flavor, and extreme earliness make it one of the most popular.
66 days.

Early Dwarf Flat Dutch. Excellent second-early variety, producing fine large
heads. Highly valued for its fine quality and ability to resist heat. Heads very
solid, broad, round, flattened on top, tender and fine-grained.

Early Jersey Wakefield. Good early variety. Pyramidal in shape, with
blunted peak; very sweet. Large heads for an early sort. 62 days.

Early Round Dutch. Same as Early Flat Dutch except head is round. 76 days.

Globe. (Yellow-resistant Enkhuizen.) Same as Glory of Enkhuizen in type
and maturity, but has an unusually short core.

Glory of Enkhuizen. Larger and a week or 10 days later than Copenhagen
Market, and quite round. A long-keeping sort. Dwarf and compact, allowing
of close planting. Size ideal for marketing. 72 days.

Golden Acre. Earliest Standard Strain. Round, firm, uniform, medium sized
heads with small outer leaves, permitting closer planting than ordinary; stands
a long time without bursting. 55 days.

Jersey Queen. (Jersey Wakefield Yellows-resistant.) An improved strain of
Jersey Wakefield selected for resistance to yellows. The earliest resistant
variety to mature. The heads are solid, conical with a broad base and pointed
top. Compact plant; very productive. 58 days.

Wholesale Seeds 9

Cabbage—Early Varieties (continued)

Marion Market. (Copenhagen Yellows-resistant.) Same type as Copenhagen.
If you are unable to grow a satisfactory crop because of this disease, we recom-
mend this variety. 69 days.

Yellows-Resistant Golden Acre. A yellows-resistant strain of Golden Acre.
Same type and habits.

Late Varieties Cabbage

Danish Ballhead Short-Stem. (Hollander, Dutch Winter.) Most popular
of all the late ballhead types. Well-known for its solidity, being very compact
with medium core, weight and superb keeping qualities. Fine for storage.
Will be appreciated by those who ship and sell by weight. 83 days.

Livingston’s Premium Flat Dutch. The main crop, late variety. Because
of its solidity and compact manner of growth it is a heavy yielder. The heads
are large, white, crisp, tender, and sure to head. Grown largely for late market
and kraut-making. 85 days.

Penn State Ballhead. Improved strain of Ballhead. Medium sized plants
with short stems. Heavy yielding and very uniform. Recommended for
growers who prefer the flatter type. 100 days.

Yellows-Resistant Hollander No. 8. A strain of Danish Ballhead. Origi-
nated where “Yellows” is very prevalent. 91 days.

Savoy Cabbage

Chieftain. Award of Merit, A.A.S., 1938. Early variety with crisp, large, firm
heads; good quality ; long standing habit.

Improved American Savoy. A late dark green, long-keeping variety which
stays crisp and brittle in the fall.

Red Cabbage

Mammoth Rock Red. Large heads, deep red to center. 84 days.

Red Hollander, Yellows-Resistant. Resistant variety of Danish Ironball.
84 days.

Chinese Cabbage

Also known as “Celery Cabbage,” “Odorless Cabbage,” “Chinese Lettuce,” etc.

Culture—Fine crop for muck land. Cannot be grown successfully as a spring
crop as it bolts to seed, neither can it be transplanted well. Sow seed % inch deep
in July, in rows 2% feet apart and thin to stand 12 inches apart in the row. Use
care in cultivating.

Chihili. Early and sure heading. This variety runs very true to type. Length
of head is about 16 inches. Outer leaves dark bluish green, while the inside is
creamy white and of fine quality.

Sweet Corn

Culture—The Sweet or Sugar Corn varieties, being liable to rot in cold or wet
ground should not be planted until May or when the soil has become warm and
dry. For a full supply for the table during the entire season, plant every ten days
or two weeks until the last week in July, in hills 2 by 3 feet apart for the early

10 The Livingston Seed Company

Sweet Corn (continued)

kinds, and 3 by 3 feet for the large late sorts, using four or five grains to the hill.
Give frequent and thorough cultivation all the season. A pound of Sweet Corn
contains about 2,000 grains.

One pound will plant 200 hills, 12 to 16 pounds to an acre.

Standard White Varieties

Aunt Mary. Said to be the oldest and sweetest corn in the world, yet entirely
new to today’s grower. Most excellent quality, having unusually high sugar
and starch content. Stalks regularly bear two ears, 7 to 8% inches long and
8 to 10 rowed. Pure white, deep kernels. Highly recommended to market;
home and roadside gardeners.

Black Mexican. Said to be the sweetest of all table corns. Stock 5% to 6 feet
tall. Pale green leaves, medium amount of foliage; ears 7 to 8 inches; 8 rows
and often, two ears per stock. Kernel not deep. White when young changing to
bluish black in later stage. A good corn for the home garden, as it remains
tender over a long period. 83 days.

Country Gentleman. One of the richest flavored of all the late varieties.
Pearly white kernels, placed irregularly. Ears average 7 inches long by 2
inches in diameter. 96 days. A favorite canning sort.

Early Adams. A hardy table variety that can stand more cold, damp weather
than regular Sweet Corn. While the quality is not as good as the regular
Sweet Corns, it is much used because of its dependability and worm resistance.
Ears 7 inches long; 12 to 14 rows. Kernels white and tender. 72 days.

Early Evergreen. Ears are about 7 inches long with 16 to 18 rows. 87 days.

Howling Mob. Medium early; ears are 7 to 8 inches long with 12 to 14 rows
of pure white kernels of good sweet flavor. 80 days.

Livingston’s Early Sugar. Very distinct and valuable early market variety.
Compared with other earlies it has larger ears with more even, well-filled rows.
Ears are 8 inches long with 10 to 12 rows of deep, sweet kernels. Stalks are
almost sucker free and 60% carry 2 ears. Strong husks provide insect protec-
tion. 80 days.

Stowell’s Evergreen. Considered by many the best late variety. Favorite
with canners and market gardeners for late use. Ears are 8 to 9 inches long
with 14 to 18 rows of deep kernels. 92 days. Remains in good table condition
a long time.

Whipple’s Early White. Of the narrow-grained Evergreen type, but ready
for use much earlier. Ears 8 to 9 inches long, 16 to 18 rows of pearly white
grains. The chief distinction of this variety is that it is by far the earliest of
the narrow-grained Evergreen types and has a large sugar content.

Standard Yellow Varieties Sweet Corn

Barden’s Wonder Bantam. Same type, season and quality as Golden Bantam,
but longer ear. Stalks grow from 5 to 6 feet high and have ears 8 to 10 inches.
long; 8 rows of rich golden kernels. 80 days.

Golden Bantam. Standard for high quality. 6 inch, 8 rowed, well filled ears.
78 days. Kernels rich golden yellow, tender and sweet.

Golden Evergreen. Combines good qualities of Bantam and Evergreen. 8
inches, 12 to 14 rowed. For canning or market. Kernels rich golden color
of excellent quality. 90 days.

|

Wholesale Seeds 11

Standard Yellow Varieties Sweet Corn (continued)

Golden Sunshine. Originated in North Dakota and necessarily extra early.
12 rowed. Quality equal to Bantam. 74 days.

Improved Golden Bantam. A development from Golden Bantam, but with
ears from 6 to 6% in. long, having from 12 to 14 rows of tender, sweet, golden
corn. Has a longer tender stage than regular Golden Bantam. 80-82 days.

Whipple’s Early Yellow. This new variety is double the size of Golden
Bantam, only a few days later, and fine quality. The ear is 7 to 8 inches long
and has 12 to 16 rows of large kernels. 80 days.

Yellow Hybrids

Big Eared Lincoln. An early midseason Hybrid Yellow Corn, developed at
Connecticut Exp. station. Ears are large, 8 to 9 inches long, tapering, well
covered with husk; 12 to 16 rows of bright golden kernels of good quality.
Tall grower, desirable for both home and market. 83 days.

Improved Carmel Cross Hybrid. A Hybrid of the Marcross type but 3 to 4
days later in maturity. The stalks resemble Marcross in size and vigor. Ears
7% to 8 inches long, well filled with 12 to 14 rows of deep yellow kernels; an
ideal variety to come between Marcross and Golden Cross Bantam. 79 days.

Golden Cross Bantam. Sturdy stalks and broad leaves; withstands adverse
conditions. Fars are 8 inches long and 10 to 14 rowed. Outyields other com-
mercial varieties and matures all at the same time. 84 days.

Golden Hummer Hybrid. The largest, earliest, high quality hybrid strain.
Ears 6% to 7 inches long; 12 rowed; kernels golden yellow, deep, broad, con-
taining a high sugar content. Very productive and very uniform. One of the
best hybrids for the early, profitable market. 64 days.

Ioana. A cross originated at Iowa State College. Productive and highly re-
sistant to wilt. Tall plants with broad leaves. Ears are 7% to 8 inches long
with 12 to 14 rows of medium-narrow light yellow kernels of excellent flavor.
Has proven more resistant to adverse conditions than Golden Cross Bantam.
85 days.

Gold Rush (Corneli). A remarkable early yellow Hybrid. Ears 8% inches
long, 12 to 14 rowed, filled clear to tip with tight husk. Succulent and sweet.
Mostly two ears to stalk. 69 days.

Marcross C-6-13. A popular early Hybrid. Ears 7 to 8 inches long. 10 to 14
rows of kernels which are medium yellow in color and of good quality. A
very desirable variety for an early yellow. Grows 5 to 6 feet high. Matures
in approximately 74 days.

Ohio Gold No. 1. 84 days. Developed by Ohio State University. Excellent
quality ; finest flavor. Ears 7 to 7% inches long with 12 to 14 rows of medium
yellow deep kernels. Outyields most other varieties.

Spancross C-4.13. An extra early hybrid of good quality and somewhat re-
sistant to Stewart’s Wilt. The ears are about 6% inches long, having plump,
sweet kernels; plants are short, growing only 4 to 5 feet high. 69 days.

White Hybrids

Country Gentlemen Hybrid 8x6. Plants 6% to 7 feet tall. Ears 8 inches in
length; well filled with a zigzag pattern of very delicious deep narrow, ivory
kernels. 98 days.

Narrow Grained Evergreen. New variety; very uniform and highly de-
sirable for canning. Stalks sturdy, upright with no suckers; leaves wide, dark
green. Ears uniformly tapered with 18 to 22 rows of deep, narrow kernels. 90
days.

12 The Livingston Seed Company

White Hybrids (continued)

Stowells Evergreen Hybrid. Ears 7% to 8% inches long, with 14 to 18 rows
of deep narrow kernels, which are tender and sweet; recommended for home or
market garden and canning. Differs from open pollinated Stowells Evergreen in
having a smaller ear, narrower and deeper kernels, and greater uniformity of
maturity. 90 days.

Pop Corn

Hulless Japanese (Tom Thumb). A white, small, slender, pointed kernel
type, short, stubby ears, about 3% inches in length. Erect, slender stalks.
Kernels zigzag on cob with a high ratio of popping volume. Unusually tender,
sweet, and pure white when popped. 85 days.

South American (Dynamite) (T.N.T.). A popular, widely adopted variety
where the season is long enough for its maturity. The kernels are large, dark
yellow, smooth. Ears 7 to 7% inches long with 12 to 16 straight rows. Very
productive, high yield of shell corn per acre. When popped, it has a creamy
appearance and expands to exceptional large size. 100 days.

South American Hybrid. This hybrid combines high yield with good expan-
sion and excellent quality and has become one of the most popular of the three-
way hybrids. The ears are medium to large (7-8 inches) with 14 to 16 rows
of medium yellow kernels. In kernel size it is intermediate between the small
type of Purdue 22 and the larger kernels of Purdue 3 and Purdue 38. The
plants are six to six and one-half feet tall, hybrid will develop at least two
good ears per stalk.

White Rice. A white pointed kernelled type, producing long, slender, 10 to 16
rowed ears. Ears about 6 inches in length. An old variety but a very good one.
Popped corn is white and of good quality. 90 days.

Celery

Culture—Sow the seed in a hotbed or coldframe, or in the open ground, as soon
as fit to work in the spring. Prepare the soil well before sowing, also keep quite
moist until the seed germinates. Cut back to within 2 inches of the crown when
4 inches high. Transplanting of the early sorts should be done about June 15 and
from that on to August 15, for the late varieties. Set plants in a single row, 6
inches apart, giving them a good watering. The rows should be 3 feet apart
where boards are to be used for blanching, or 4 feet apart where soil is used.

One ounce produces 4000 plants, 10 to 12 ounces to an acre.

Cornell No. 19. A wonderful yellow or self-blanching type. The long stalks
are smooth ribbed, deeply rounded, thick, tender and without strings. The
entire plant is delicious to eat, and the flavor is finer than any other yellow
celery. Adapted to both muck and upland soil. Recommended for main crop
and storage.

Giant Pascal. Local market money maker. Very desirable, long keeping green
winter variety. Hearts blanch to golden yellow and stalks to pearly white;
crisp, solid and free from strings.

Golden Plume. A strain of Golden Self-blanching, having beautiful color and
that rich, nutty flavor so much desired by Celery-lovers. Its superior quality,
marked resistance to blight and rust, and early maturity, combine in making
it a valuable sort for the market gardener. Care should be taken in outside
sowings to have soil fine and well firmed. Comparatively new but is already
one of the most popular Celeries.

Golden Self-Blanching. Tall and Dwarf. Of French origin. Heavy, com-
pact plants that grow to good size. Very tender and crisp; of excellent quality

——

Wholesale Seeds 13

Celery (continued)

and beautiful golden color. The tall strain will be ready for market some
days before the dwarf.

Summer Pascal. New early Green variety of superior quality. Plant is not
tall but sturdy and robust; stems are 8 to 9 inches long to first joint, very thick
and tender, making a very solid plant that blanches to a pure white but mostly
sold in green stage. It has a rich full flavor, seldom found in celery. A popular
commercial sort.

Utah Pascal. (Salt Lake). The Best Green Celery. Has received enthusiastic
praise. A superior green variety for fall market and storage. Plant grows to
a good height with a well developed and heavy heart. Individual stalks are
very thick, of high quality and blanch more quickly than other green sorts.

Celeriac (Turnip Rooted Celery)

Culture—-Sow the seed same as for Celery. Transplant into rows 18 inches
apart and 6 to 8 inches in the row. Thorough cultivation is necessary to secure
good roots.

Smooth Prague. Large, smooth roots; free from side roots and has short top.

Cucumber

Culture—As soon as the weather has become settled and warm (about May 15),
plant in hills 4 to 6 feet apart each way, with 8 to 10 seeds in a hill; cover % inch
deep, smoothing the hill off with the hoe. Later, thin to 3 or 4 plants to a hill.
For pickles, plant from June 1 to August 1. The fruit should be gathered when
large enough for pickling, whether required for use or not; if left to ripen on
the vines, it destroys their productiveness.

One ounce plants 50 hills, 2 to 3 pounds to an acre.

A & C Special. Popular with growers because of the large yield of straight,
smooth fruits, making a very fancy pack. 8 to 9 inches long by about 2 inches
in diameter; very dark green. Vines are strong and healthy and very pro-
ductive. 70 days.

Arlington White Spine. An early, very productive variety. Quite uniform;
about 7 inches long and well rounded at either end; bright green color. Good
slicer and fine for pickles when planted late. 63 days.

Davis Perfect. Popular variety of fine quality. Used quite often as a forcing
variety but retains its rich, dark green color when grown outside and long
after picking. 9 to 11 inches by 2% inches thick, tapering at both ends. Our
stock of this variety has proven highly satisfactory. 68 days.

Early Fortune. Quite long, averaging about 9 inches in length, slightly taper-
ing; vines very strong growing, disease resistant and productive. Popular
both as a slicer and for pickles. A good shipper. 66 to 70 days.

Early Green Cluster. Small, short prickly pickles, borne in clusters of two
and three. Fine for bottling. 53 days.

Green Prolific or Boston Pickling. Uniform short, blunt ended, green
variety, seldom too large for pickling; immensely productive. 53 days.

Improved Long Green. Fruits average 8 to 10 inches long; color, dark green;
has few seeds. Vines are very strong growing and productive. Fine for slicing.
A most popular home garden sort. 72 days.

14 The Livingston Seed Company

Cucumber (continued)

Livingston’s Extra-early White Spine. The most uniform and shapely
variety of White Spine known. Good for first early as well as general crop
purposes. A great bearer keeping green much longer than the yellow varieties.
60 days.

Longfellow. Ideal variety for “straight pack” shipping. Equally desirable for
both greenhouse and outdoor culture; holds color well after picking. A long,
slender, dark green variety, 12 to 14 inches long by 2%4 inches diameter. Good,
healthy, productive grower; fairly early. 74 days.

Marketer. A new variety producing very dark green cylindrical fruits, slightly
tapered at ends. 7% to 8 inches long. Vines prolific and vigorous white spined.
70 days.

National Pickling. Black spine, blocky type. Very uniform shade and size;
very prolific. One of the best for high grade small pickles.

Straight “8”. Gold Medal, All-American Selections, 1935. Quite straight,
regularly 8 inches long and about 2 inches in diameter ; rounded at ends, nearly
ideal dark green and almost devoid of objectionable stripings and pale tips.
Vines are vigorous and productive. 70 days.

White Wonder. A white spined white cucumber, staying white at all stages
of growth. Long with rounded ends. Fruit crisp, tender and of distinctive

flavor. 60 days.
Collards

One ounce produces 2500 plants; culture same as Cabbage.

Cabbage Collard. A heading variety with hard heads. Rich green with lighter
veins. 60 days.

True Southern or Georgia. Endures heat. A non-heading type with loose
cabbage-like leaves. Excellent for greens. 60 days.

Dill
Culture—Sow in April or May, thinly in rows about 1% feet apart. Cover seed
about % inch. Dill is used in large quantities for flavoring cucumber pickles and
vinegar.
One ounce will sow 100 feet of row.

Mammoth. Largely used for flavoring.

Eggplant

Culture—Sow seed %4 to % inch deep in hotbed or window box in late March
Temperature should be about 75 degrees. When large enough to handle, trans-
plant to other boxes; keep covered and warm, and occasionally water. Harden
plants by gradual exposure to sun and air. Transplant outside in late May or
June, into warm, rich soil, 2 to 3 feet apart each way. When about a foot high
draw earth up to the stem.

One ounce will produce 1500 plants, 5 to 6 ozs. to an acre.

Black Beauty. 80 days. Earlier than the purple varieties, and therefore
adapted to northern sections. Fruits rich, lustrous, purplish black, very at-
tractive in appearance and entirely spineless, holding its color a long time
after picking. Plants remarkably healthy and very productive, tall and erect.

Early Long Purple. 80 days. 6 to 8 inches long by 3 inches through; good
quality and very prolific. Suitable for early market.

Livingston’s Mammoth Purple. 86 days. Quite early for such a large sort,
and a sure cropper. Plants are large, vigorous, productive. Fruit uniform.

Wholesale Seeds 15

Endive

Culture—For an early crop, sow in April in rows 15 inches apart, cover % inch,
and later thin the plants to stand 1 foot apart in the row. The main sowings are
made in June and July. When nearly full grown, gather up the leaves and tie
them by their tips to blanch the heart. Tie a few at a time as needed.

One ounce sows 150 feet of row, 3 to 4 pounds to an acre.

Fine Green Curled, Green Ribbed. Smaller plant and more finely cut than
Large Green Curled.

Full Heart Batavian. (Escarolle.) New, earlier strain of broad leaved, pro-
ducing twice as many leaves as the old type. Large head with full heart
blanching to light yellow. Leaves large, thick, and slightly wrinkled.

Golden Heart Summer. This variety is grown for early summer markets,
it makes a very compact finely curled Endive, the center changing from a green
to a beautiful creamy yellow, without tying up. Sow seed after danger of
frost in 12 to 14 inch rows and ‘thin to stand 8 inches apart.

Large Green Curled, Pink Ribbed. Hardy, vigorous growing; bright deep
green leaves. Stands hot weather better than Green Ribbed and produces a
full golden heart. Colored rib disappears when blanched:

Kale or Borecole

Culture—Sow ¥% inch deep about the middle of April, but can be sown as late
as July. For wintering over, sow in late August. Thin or transplant and culti-
vate like cabbage. Does not form heads, but furnishes abundance of curled leaves.
Will endure considerable frost without injury.

One ounce sows 200 feet of drill, 1 to 2 lbs. to an acre.

Dwarf Blue Curled Scotch. Dwarf, spreading type with large, bluish-green
leaves which are finely curled and of excellent quality. Hardy.

Dwarf Green Curled Scotch. Dwarf and spreading. The leaves are beauti-
fully curled and of a bright green color. Not as hardy as Blue Scotch.

Long-Standing Siberian. Slightly darker green and more curled than Siberian.
Will stand from a week to ten days longer before shooting to seed in the spring.

Siberian. Dwarf growth; bluish green leaves. Sow in late August, in rows a
foot apart, and cultivate the same as spinach. Very hardy.

Kohlrabi ;

Culture—Sow in hotbed in March and transplant in April or May, or sow outside
in April or May. Make rows 18 inches apart, cover seed % inch and thin to
stand 6 inches apart in the row. The bulb above the ground is the edible part.
Fine for table when young; good for stock feeding when mature.

One ounce sows 300 feet of row, 3 to 4 pounds to an acre.

Early Purple Vienna. 60 days. Very early, desirable sort. Plant small with
purple leaves and stems. Bulbs globe shaped, purple in color, flesh white and of
fine flavor.

Early White Vienna. 55 days. The most popular variety for forcing, home
or market. Plant small, short leaves and stems, green in color. Bulbs globe
shaped, light green in color, flesh white, tender and of fine flavor.

16 The Livingston Seed Company

Lettuce
Heading Varieties

Culture—Head Lettuce requires a longer growing season than leaf lettuce but
must reach maturity before hot weather and while the nights are relatively cool.
Therefore, the secret of growing it is an extra-early start, quick and uninter-
rupted growth. This requires diligent cultivation and a constant and fairly high
moisture content in the soil. It is best to start seed inside or in hotbed in March
and transplant later in rows 15 inches apart. Plants should be 12 inches apart in
the row. Seed can also be sown outside in early spring or late summer.

Maturities given are from transplanting date.

Bibb. 57 days. There seems to be unanimous agreement that the tenderest, most
brittle of all lettuce leaves are found in the loose, dark green heads of this variety
which chefs of luxury hotels and high priced food shops all over the country
have begun to feature. In the garden it grows fast in the spring and fall,
maturing its loose heads, as big as a fist, from seed sown in the open ground,
with reasonable thinning. In hot weather it runs quickly to seed, so start it
early and sow a fall crop in midsummer.

Big Boston. (White-seeded.) This selected Lettuce is a very desirable large
variety for forcing in coldframes and for outdoor planting. Plants large, hardy,
vigorous. Leaves broad, smooth, thin, of a light green color tinged with brown
on the margins of outer leaves. Center buttery yellow. It forms good-sized
heads and does particularly well during the cool fall and spring months.
Superior quality.

Great Lakes. 60 days. A tight heading variety of the commercial New York
type bred to produce mature heads in the hot summer weather of the middle
west. It is slow to run to seed but needs fertile soil, and ample spacing in the
garden row.

Iceberg. Beautiful large, curly leaves of light green, with a slight red tinge
at the edges. Heads solid, crisp, tender, and of fine flavor. Do not confuse
with Wonderful; they are entirely different. 50 days.

Improved Hanson. Large heads; outer leaves are bright green and frilled;
inner leaves white, sweet and crisp. Reliable header, stands heat. 48 days.

Livingston’s Crisp-as-Ice. Introduced by us in 1895. The large, solid heads
deserve their name as they are exceedingly crisp, tender and brittle. Beauti-
fully crimped and curled with outer leaves variegated dark brown, bronze and
green; heart, creamy-yellow. Quite hardy. 50 days.

May King. An early variety of head lettuce. Grows quickly, producing fine,
medium-sized heads, even in poor soil. It is not easily affected by cold or wet
weather. 45 days.

New York No. 12. A new strain of New York. Perfectly round; solid and
crisp; grows to a large size. Prefers cool weather and well fertilized soil.
Matures early and is a sure header. Popular for shipping. 60 days.

Trianon Cos (Romaine). The long, narrow leaves, which form solid heads,
blanch and become snowy white. Excels in quality and crispness. Can be
eaten same as celery.

Wonderful (New York). A truly wonderful heading variety. It is peculiar
in having a dark green leaf when growing, but the head blanches to a light
green with a center of creamy white. Heart is solid, sweet, tender, and crisp.
This variety frequently weighs 2 to 3 pounds and has been known to grow to 6
pounds, Should be planted to avoid hot seasons for heading. 60 days.

Wholesale Seeds 17

Leaf or Loose Headed Varieties

Culture—To grow good Leaf Lettuce outside sow the seed very thinly (4% inch)
in rows 15 inches apart, covering with very fine soil. This can be done in April
as soon as the cold wet days of spring are past. Successive sowings can be
made at 2 weeks intervals for a continuous supply. Diligent hoeing, especially in
dry weather and plenty of water are essential. Thin plants to 2 inches apart when
a few leaves appear and normal use will further thin the row as they develop.
For fall crop sow seed in August. For extra-early crop sow in cold-frame in fall
and protect through the winter or in hot-bed in early spring and set out when soil
is dry and warm.

One ounce of seed sows 100 square feet; plants 120 feet of row; produces 3,000 plants.

Black-Seeded Simpson. Very popular among market gardeners, and fine for
the home table. Forms a large, loose head of light green, curly leaves that are
large, thin, very tender, and of good quality. Early and can be grown easily.

Early Curled Simpson. Forms a compact mass of curly leaves of light yellow-
ish green, very tender and crisp and of good quality.

Grand Rapids. Especially adapted for greenhouse culture; also good to sow
outside early in the spring. It does not form a head, but makes large, compact
bunches of light, attractively curled and fringed leaves. It grows very rapidly
and keeps in good market condition for a long time after cutting. Should be
sown more shallow than the other sorts, otherwise it may not germinate.

Grand Rapids, Washington Strain. Finest curly-leaf type for forcing, super-
seding Arlington Fancy Curled for this purpose. It is more curled and pro-
duces more weight to a given space. Highly recommended.

Grand Rapids, U.S. No.1. A new strain of this popular variety that is definitely
superior both for forcing and outdoor growing. Plant are more robust, very
uniform and well curled. The color is the much desired light green.

Grand Rapids New Tip-Burn Resistant. A new strain of Grand Rapids
that is resistant to tip burning. A heading variety that gives greater weight
per square foot due to compactness and does not become spindly or bolt to seed
as quickly as others. Excellent for greenhouse growing but equally as good
outside. Developed by the Ohio Agricultural Experiment Station.

Oak Leaf. This excellent old variety has again become the most popular leaf
lettuce for home gardens from coast to coast. The rich dark green of its leaves,
its tenderness, and resistance to hot weather, are all outstanding. We consider
it one of the best of the leaf type for home gardens.

Prize Head. Heads are large, light green tinged with brownish red, and of
superb flavor. Even the outer leaves are crisp and tender. Extremely hardy.
Very fine for home use but too tender to ship any great distance.

Fd

Muskmelon

Culture—A rich, sandy soil and good seed are absolutely necessary for success

in raising the best Muskmelons. ‘The seed should not be planted until the

ground has become dry and warm; plant in hills 6 feet apart each way; old, well-

rotted manure should be thoroughly mixed with the soil in each hill and in liberal

quantity. Put six to ten seeds in the hill and when danger from insects is past,

leave three or four of the strongest plants only. Cultivate often and not deep.
One ounce plants 60 hills, 2 to 3 pounds to an acre.

Green Fleshed Varieties

Honey Dew. Sweet as honey. Averages 6 inches in diameter and weighs 5
to 6 lbs. A late variety and should be started inside in pots or baskets. 100 days.

18 The Livingston Seed Company

Muskmelon—Green Fleshed Varieties (continued)

Livingston’s Ohio Sugar. A green-fleshed Tip-Top. One of the sweetest and
most luscious. Round, inclined to oval in shape, heavy in proportion to size
because the flesh is deep. The gray-green skin is distinctly ribbed and well
netted. Because of its firm flesh, it is a good shipper to nearby markets. The
flesh is of exquisite texture, sugary, juicy, tender, and entirely free from stringi-
ness. 80 days.

Rocky Ford. Earliest, high quality, green fleshed variety. Rather small, almost
round, slightly ribbed and densely netted. 75 days.

Salmon Fleshed Varieties

Banana. A delicious melon shaped like a huge banana. A late maturing variety,
but a vigorous grower. Flesh slightly pink with a suspicion of banana flavor.
90-92 days.

Bender’s Surprise. Popular variety in the East, particularly in New York
State; similar to Tip-Top; oblong, full and rounded at the ends; skin light
greenish when ripe; flesh, yellow; only slightly netted. Fair shipping and
keeping qualities. A good main-crop variety. 80 days.

Golden Delicious. One of the most profitable melons to grow for local market
and roadside stands because of its earliness. Wéith our strain you can get fine
good-sized melons almost two weeks before Bender’s and thus get highest prices.
The melons are moderately ribbed and well netted, and the flesh is quite thick
for such an early variety. The vines make a good vigorous growth and produce
tremendous yields.

They will not stand long distance shipping but the remarkable sweetness and
flavor of the melons grown from our strain makes them ideal for early crop on
nearby markets.

Hale’s Best No. 45. Mildew-resistant. New strain that resists mildew; heavily
netted, therefore unsurpassed for shipping; oval shape, 6 by 5 inches with thick
salmon flesh, small seed cavity. 75 days.

Hearts of Gold. (Hoodoo.) A medium-sized, oval melon with flesh of ex-
ceptionally fine quality; well netted, desirable shipper. Vine is vigorous and
quite blight-resistant. 73 days.

Honey Rock. Gold Medal, All-American Selections, 1933. A new, early
productive variety. Almost round, being about 5 inches across by 6 inches
long and very heavily netted. These features make it excellent for shipping.
Skin is gray-green turning to golden yellow when ripe. Flesh is deep orange,
thick and very sweet. Will command top market prices.

Livingston’s Tip-Top. Introduced by us in 1892. Tip-Top in quality, appear-
ance and productiveness; has held its own for many years against all introduc-:
tions. Fruits are of large size, slightly oblong, moderately netted. Flesh bright
salmon, sweet, juicy, firm and fine flavored. For close markets. 80 days.

Pride of Wisconsin. Recent introduction of merit. Similar to Queen of Colo-
rado; slightly oval with heavy, coarse netting and faint ribs; thick salmon
flesh, small seed cavity, extra high sugar content.

Shoon’s Hard Shell. 90-95 days. The hard shell makes this a fine shipper.
Deeply ribbed, well netted, excellent flavor. Similar to Bender’s Surprise.

Mustard

Culture—Sow seed % inch deep about the middle of April, in rows 12 to 18 inches
apart and when up, thin to stand 4 to 6 inches apart in the row. Successive sowing
will give tender leaves throughout the season.

One ounce sows 100 feet of row, 3 pounds to an acre.

Wholesale Seeds 19

Mustard (continued)

Fordhook Fancy or Ostrich Plume. A finely curled plume lke mustard,
slightly smaller and finer than Southern Giant curled. Of excellent eating
quality. Slow to go to seed.

Southern Giant Curled Long Standing. The most popular and best variety.
Very high in quality and attractiveness. Plant large and upright, leaves large,
long oval, crumpled and fringed on the margins. Bright medium light green
in color. This variety has superseded the old standard Southern Giant Curled
and Fordhook Fancy or Ostrich Plume.

Okra (Gumbo)

Culture—Sow seed in May, after the ground is warm and dry, in drills 2 feet
apart, covering % inch and thin to stand 18 inches apart. Make early and late
sowing for a continuous supply.

One ounce sows 100 feet of row; 6 pounds to an acre.

Dwarf Long-Pod. Early variety growing three feet high. Sets dark green,
pointed long pods early and remain in good condition over a long period of
time. 45 days.

Perkins Manimoth. 3-4 foot plants produce dark green 7-8 inch long pods;
fleshy, tender, distinctly ribbed and tapered. 60 days.

White Velvet. The large pods are perfectly round, smooth and of an attractive
velvety white with superior flavor and tenderness. Plant is dwarf, of compact
branching growth and very prolific. 51 days.

Onion

Culture—Onion seed should be sown as early in April as it is possible to get
the ground in shape, even though the weather is cold. Thorough preparation of
the soil is one of the most essential points in successful onion-growing. They
delight in a rich, deep, sandy loam, but excellent yields can be obtained from
heavier soils properly fertilized. Sow the seed in rows 12 to 15 inches apart
and about % inch deep. After they are well started, or about 3 to 4 inches high,
thin out to stand about 2 inches apart, keeping them well hoed and free from
weeds at all times throughout the season.

One ounce will sow 100 feet of row, 4 pounds to an acre.

Yellow Varieties

Early Yellow Globe. Attractive deep yellow, globe-shaped onion with a fine
top skin which makes them good keepers. Ripens quickly. Stores better than
most early varieties—fine quality. 85 days.

Mammoth Yellow Prizetaker. Globe-shaped, very uniform size and shape,
of good quality and productive. One of the best varieties for transplanting.
110 days.

Riverside Sweet Spanish. A large globe-shaped onion of excellent appearance.
Mild flavor; good keeper and shipper. Deep amber-orange with small neck.
110 days.

Southport Yellow Globe. A standard main crop variety, deep globe shape,
excellent color. Stores and ships well. 110 days.

Yellow Globe Danvers. Uniform shape, bright color and excellent quality
make this a popular variety everywhere. Flesh white, tinged with yellow,
good keeper. 105 days.

20 The Livingston Seed Company

White Varieties

Evergreen Long White Bunching. Strictly a bunching onion. Plants do
not form bulbs, but long, smooth white stems; twice the size of ordinary
branching onions. Very hardy and can be planted either in spring or fall.

Southport White Globe. Perfectly globe-shaped, uniform in size with good-
keeping qualities. Bulbs medium large, flesh white, mild flavor. Best standard
late variety. 110 days.

White Portugal or Silverskin. One of the best white onions. Medium size,
flat, mild flavor. Used for bunching and pickling. A good set variety—keeps
well. 95 days.

White Sweet Spanish. Selection from Riverside. Slightly flattened, used ex-
tensively for green bunching.

The Best Red Onion

Southport Red Globe. Largest and best red onion. Almost round, and keeps
very well. Flesh white, tinged with pink. 110 days.

Parsley

Culture—Sow seed in April, in rows 1 foot apart, covering % inch. Thin to
3 to 6 inches apart. Succeeds best in rich, mellow soil. Taken up in the fall and
placed in 6 inch pots and kept well watered, Parsley will produce an abundance
of leaves all winter.

One ounce sows 150 feet of drill, 3 to 4 lbs. to an acre.

Champion Moss Curled. Grows 8 inches high, leaves dark green and finely cut
and curled. 70 days.

Hamburg (Rooted). Parsley-like foliage with roots resembling slender pars-
nips. May be stored in winter. Roots used for flavoring. 100 days.

Paramount. A tripled-curled, fine parsley of very dark green. Very uniform,
with a good strong stem for bunching and does not tip-burn, or turn brown at
the edges with age or in cool weather. 12 inch plants, spread 20 inches. 80 days.

Parsnip

Culture—Sow seed in early April, as soon as the soil can be prepared, in drills
15 inches apart, and % inch deep in well dug rich soil. Keep crust from forming
and cultivate often. Thin to stand 4 inches apart. Roots improve by being left in
ground until next spring.

One ounce sows 200 feet of drill; 5 to 6 lbs. to an acre.

Hollow Crown (Large Sugar). Roots are white, smooth and of excellent
flavor ; 12-15 inches long. 3 inches wide at shoulder tapering to tip. 100 days.

Livingston’s Ideal. Clear white roots with small core; straight and free from
stringiness. Wide thick shoulders, deep hollow crown.

Pumpkin

Culture—Pumpkins are not so particular in regard to soil as melons or cucum-
bers, but in other respects are cultivated in a similar manner. Sow in the month
of May, when you plant your corn. Make hills the same as you do for squashes,
but about 8 to 10 feet apart each way. Place about 8 seeds in a hill, cover 1 inch,
and thin to 3 to 4 vines. It is preferable to grow Pumpkins in the field, and not
in the garden, as they mix with the squashes and other vines. You can sow some
among the late corn, putting in a few seeds, say every third or fourth hill. This
will give you plenty for the table, and your stock the coming winter.
One ounce of seed will plant 15 hills; 3 to 4 pounds will plant an acre.

Wholesale Seeds 21

Pumpkin (continued)

Common Yellow Field. (Yankee Cow; Conn. Field.) The common variety
cultivated by farmers for stock-feeding, and is used to some extent for canning.
Very productive. Same color as Small Sugar but not so sweet.

Large Sweet. (Kentucky Field.) A large, round, flattened Pumpkin that is
hardy and productive. It grows 1 to 2 feet in diameter and has thick orange
flesh of extra-fine quality. A splendid sort for canning, family, and market
use.

Mammoth Potiron. A really enormous variety (specimens often grow 2 feet
in diameter and sometimes weigh 150 lbs.) with depressed ends and slightly
ribbed salmon-color skin; flesh bright yellow. Great exhibition sort.

Small Sweet. (Sugar). This is the small, sweet Pumpkin that has made the
New England States famous for their Pumpkin pies. The flesh is very fine
grained, most deliciously sweet-flavored, and a splendid keeper. It averages
about 10 inches in diameter and is of deep orange-yellow color.

Winter Luxury. A quality pie pumpkin and the best winter keeper. Nine or ten
inches in diameter; its skin is a beautiful deep orange-yellow with a close
netting. 100 days.

Peas

Culture—Peas thrive best in a rich soil and moderate temperature. Smooth
seeded varieties are extremely hardy and can be planted quite early about 2 to
3 inches deep. Wrinkled varieties are not so hardy but are of superior quality.
They should be planted when the ground is warm and dry and if they are planted
quite early they should be covered only 1 inch to prevent rotting in the ground.

For dwarf varieties make the rows 20 to 30 inches apart and for tall varieties
make them 30 to 36 inches apart. The seed should be placed 1 to 2 inches apart
in the row. In the home garden, double rows, 6 inches apart, with brush or
trellis between is ideal for conservation of space. Cultivate often and gather the
crop as rapidly as it is fit for use. Successive sowings will provide food over a
longer period.

Two pounds sows 100 feet of row: 75 to 100 lbs. sow an acre.

Alderman. (Dark-podded Telephone.) A late wrinkled variety bearing freely
large pods of a dark green color, and on this account considered by many
superior to Telephone. Quality extra fine. 4 feet tall. 72 days.

American Wonder. Esteemed for earliness, productiveness, and quality. It
grows about 10 inches high, and produces pods about 2%4 inches long which are
filled with fine-flavored peas. 60 days.

Blue Bantam. (See Laxtonian.)

Dwarf Telephone. Excellent for home gardens, truckers and shippers. Plant
light green. From 8 to 10 peas of finest quality in pods. Vines approximately
20 inches high. 70-72 days.

Early Bird. (Laxton’s Superb.) The earliest large podded dwarf sort, ex-
tremely hardy and productive. Vines grow 18 inches high and produce dark
green, 4 inch pods with 9 to 10 large peas. Popular with market growers.
60 days.

Extra-Early Alaska. Earliest grown—good canner, maturing all about the
same time. 5 to 6 blue-green smooth peas that retain their color after cooking.
30 inches tall. Can be planted earlier than the wrinkled sorts. 57 days.

Giant Sugar Pod. (Edible Pod Pea.) 84 days. Large fleshy pods which are
cooked without shelling. 3-4 ft. vines.

Gradus or Prosperity. Old popular variety. 4 to 4% inch, straight pods
filled with handsome peas of superb quality. 3 feet tall. 65 days.

22 The Livingston Seed Company

Peas (continued)

Greater Progress. (New.) An Improved Laxton’s Progress, ripening about
2 days earlier, and bearing more uniformily large dark green pods and a
heavier yield. Vines about 18 inches, Pod 4-4%4 inches. Pods are all of the same
uniform large size, and mature evenly.

Hundredfold. (See Laxtonian.)

Improved Stratagem. Strong, vigorous vines having large pods, 5 inches in
length, containing eight to ten large, rich Peas. 2% feet tall. 83 days.

Laxtonian (Hundredfold or Blue Bantam). Resembles Laxton’s Progress
but is a few days later and has taller vines. Vines 18 to 20 inches tall, uniform
dark green and productive. Pods 4% to 4% inches long, broad, curved, pointed,
dark green and usually contains 7 to 8 large peas of excellent quality. 65 days.

Laxton’s Progress. Earliest of the large-podded dwarf varieties. Very pro-
ductive. Pods are 4 to 4% inches long, pointed, deep green in color and con-
tain eight large peas of delicious, sweet flavor. 15 to 18 inches tall. 64 days.

Little Marvel. This Pea has been rightly named. It is an early wrinkled sort,
grows about 12 to 15 inches tall, and bears heavily, and the quality satisfies
everybody. Adapted to home-gardens. Pods dark green, 3 inches long, round
with square end, and often contain seven rich, dark green Peas. Little Marvel
outsells all other varieties in its class. 63 days.

Nott’s Excelsior. Extra-early, dwarf, wrinkled Pea. Foliage medium green
and rather heavy. Pods 3 inches long, filled with large sweet Peas and all are
ready to pick at once. A great yielder. 12 to 15 inches tall. 59 days.

Potlatch. A late variety of great value, with very large pods, measuring up to
6 inches in length. Vines and pods are a rich, dark green, and pods contain
eight or nine immense Peas. The plant is vigorous and the pods are borne in
pairs. It is a great producer. 2 feet tall. 83 days.

Premium Gem. Pods are 3 inches long, light green, round, with blunt end
having an average of six light green Peas of good quality. Vines 18 inches.
65 days.

Telephone. Vine large, with coarse leaves, height about 4 feet. Large light
green pods with large Peas, tender, sweet, and fine quality. Superseded by
Alderman as the darker pods are more desirable. 72 days.

Thomas Laxton. One of the most popular. Yields heavy. Large 4 inch,
square ended, well-filled pods. Unsurpassed for quality. 3 feet tall. 62 days.

World’s Record. Earliest tall wrinkled Pea. Really an extra-early strain of
Gradus, but more productive. Medium green vines and pods. Pods 3% to 4
inches long, broad and pointed. 7 to 9 large, dark green peas. 2 feet tall.
60 days.

Black Eye Peas. (Large Type.) Grown for summer use green and winter
use dry. A main crop sort which is very productive. Dry seed white with
black eye.

- Peanuts

Culture—Peanuts require rich, sandy soil. Plant when the soil is warm and dry,
about the middle of May. Plant 2 to 3 inches deep, with the hulls on, in rows
about 3 feet apart, and about 10 inches apart in the rows. When ripe dig up
the vines and hang up to dry.

Improved Large Virginia. (Jumbo.) Very productive, extra large peanut
with rich flavor. Vines spread 314-4 feet. Vines may be used for fodder.
120 days.

Sweet Spanish. The earliest variety grown. Pods are small, well filled. 110
days.

Wholesale Seeds 23

Peppers

Culture—Peppers should be started in a hotbed or coldframe and transplanted
about the end of May into a sunny corner of the garden, in rows about 2 feet apart,
with the plants about the same distance between them in the rows. They can be
sown % inch deep in open ground in a seed-bed when all danger from frost has
passed and the weather has become settled and the soil warm. When the little
plants are about 3 inches in height, transplant as above into the rows where they
are to remain. Some very rich fertilizer, stirred into the soil when the plants
are about 6 inches high, will be found very beneficial. Maturities given are from
transplanting dates.

One ounce of seed will produce about 1,500 plants, 5 to 6 ounces to an acre.

California Wonder. One of the most important market varieties. Large size,
having wonderfully thick flesh—often 4% to 3% inch thick which is deliciously
crisp, tender, and sweet, like the finest pimientoes. In color it is a brilliant
dark green, changing to crimson when ripe, and is of uniform shape and
smoothness. Should be grown on heavy soil for best results. 65 days.

Calwonder. Large, heavy, thick fleshed variety of the California type, being
somewhat larger. Very sweet, uniform and smooth; a heavy cropper for such
a large variety. A week earlier than California Wonder.

Chinese Giant. Mammoth size, 4 to 5 inches broad and of equal length;
bright red flesh, and mild flavor. Strong, bushy plants. 63 days.

Hungarian Special Sweet. Our selection from Hungarian Wax, Medium
Hot. Same shape and size; very prolific and of highest quality.

Large Bell or Bullnose. Early variety of mild flavor. It is of medium
size with skin fairly thick and fleshy. 50 days.

Mammoth Ruby King. Splendid size and handsome appearance; large fruits,
5 to 6 inches long by about 3 inches thick; color green turning to brilliant red.
Plants are vigorous, very bushy, growing about 2 feet in height, thickly set with
fruits. 59 days.

Oshkosh. Glossy green. Bright canary yellow when ripe. Large smooth,
slightly ribbed, heart-shaped. Prolific. 60 days.

Sunnybrook. (Pimiento.) Improvement on the older type tomato-shaped.
Brilliant red; thick, sweet flesh, early and productive. The best of this type.
53 days.

Sweet Banana. New, prolific, early sweet variety. Pods are pointed, about
6% inches long by 1% inches through, yellow turning to bright red at maturity ;
flesh thick and sweet.

we

Hot Varieties

Hungarian Long Slim. (Hot.) A waxy canary yellow in color, turning to
. crimson at maturity. 5 to 6 inches long, rather slender, tapering to a somewhat
twisted point. Very prolific and pungent. 53 days.

Hungarian Wax. Large Type; Medium Hot Strain. Waxy canary yellow
turning to crimson; 4 to 5 inches long by 2% to 3 inches through with 1 to 4
lobes. Very prolific and mildly pungent. 53 days.

Livingston’s Improved Thick Long Red. Introduced by us in 1889. Bright
red 4 inch pods; thicker than Red Cayenne. Flesh thick and very hot. Very
prolific and quite early. 50 days.

Long Red Cayenne. 3 to 4 inches long, quite narrow and hot. 50 days.

24 The Livingston Seed Company

Peppers—Hot Varieties (continued)

Small Cayenne. (Red Chili.) 1% inches long; very hot. Used for making
pepper sauce. 50 days.

Radish
Culture—All varieties thrive best in light, sandy loam. For early use, sow in
the hotbed in February, giving plenty of ventilation, or outside in the garden,
in drills 1 foot apart as soon as the soil is warm and dry. Cover seed % inch deep.
Sow every two weeks from March until September for a succession of crisp
Radishes for table use. Radishes must grow rapidly to be crisp, mild-flavored,
and tender. We offer a very fine assortment.

One ounce of seed will sow 100 feet of drill; 8 to 10 pounds will plant an acre.

Round or Oval Varieties

Cavalier. Extra short top Scarlet Globe type for greenhouse, frame forcing
and growing on muck. Extremely uniform and stands long time, making it
possible to pull practically 100% first grade. Deep scarlet color; true olive
shape; very early.

Comet. Award of Merit, A.A.S., 1936. Ball shaped, bright scarlet variety
with thin tap-root. Grows to large size and remains crisp and solid after others
are pithy. Very uniform.

Cooper’s Sparkler. (Scarlet Turnip White-tip.) Lower portion white, upper
half bright scarlet; a splendid, crisp variety. Suitable for home or market.
Tops small. Roots almost globe shaped. 27 days.

Crimson Giant. Medium small tops. Largest of the early turnip rooted
sorts. Fine for home or market. 25 days.

Early Scarlet Globe. Most popular globe-shaped early variety grown. Used
more than any other by market gardeners for both forcing and outside planting.
Very uniform; bright red skin and pure white flesh; always crisp, tender
and of delicious flavor. With due consideration to the gardeners’ needs we give
special attention to selection of our strains. 25 day maturity.

General Strain, Livingston’s No. 11. Recommended for upland and sandy
soils and for early and late planting on muck; also for midwinter greenhouse
forcing. Medium tops.

Special Muck Strain. Special for muck soil. Small tops and tap-roots.

Special Greenhouse Strain. Special selection for forcing in early spring and
fall, featuring small tops and tap-roots.

Early Scarlet Turnip. Quite early, small, round Radish with rich dark scarlet
skin. 27 days. 2

Long Varieties

Cincinnati Market. Our introduction. The best long red variety. Grows
straight and about 6 to 7 inches long; fine scarlet color. Top small, permitting
close planting. 32 days.

French Breakfast. Oval scarlet sort, tipped with white; mild and tender.
25 days. For home or market, also suitable for forcing. Becomes pithy if
not used when first ready.

Wholesale Seeds 25

Radish—Long Varieties (continued)

Long White Icicle. Very similar to Livingston’s Pearl. It grows 4 to 5 inches
long, is slightly stump-rooted, and of transparent whiteness. Matures quickly.
Most excellent flavor. A long-standing sort. 29 days.

White Icicle. Special Short Top for Muck and forcing under glass. Roots
slightly shorter than regular Icicle.

Best Winter Radishes

Chinese Rose Winter. A very handsome and distinct bright rose variety, crisp
and tender; cylindrical in shape, very smooth. Keeps through autumn and
winter. 48 days.

Long Black Spanish Winter. Grows 7 to 8 inches long. Diameter about 14
inches. Skin black; flesh white and firm. 50 days.

Round Black Spanish Winter. Similar to Long Black Spanish, except in
shape. 50 days.

White Chinese Winter or New Celestial. Large Radish with white skin
and flesh. Can be sown from July 1 to August 15, and will keep in prime con-
dition a long time; mild in flavor; brittle and never woudy. 48 days.

Rutabaga

(Swedish or Russian Turnip)

Culture—Rutabagas are more especially adapted to northern sections, They
require a longer season for maturing, hence should be sown earlier than turnips,
or about June 15. Make rows 18 inches apart, cover seed 1 inch and thin to
6 inches in the row. Maturity 90 days.

One ounce sows 100 ft. of row; two to four pounds plants an acre.
Golden Neckless Purple-Top. Improved strain without neck. Tops rather

short but has good sized root. Flesh deep yellow and fine grained. Quite dis-
tinct. Quality excellent.

Improved American Purple-Top. Heaviest cropping sort; globe shaped with
a rich purple top and light yellow below; quality fine; very tender, and not
stringy. Small neck, flesh firm. Valuable table variety.

Salsify or Oyster Plant

Culture—Good substitute for oysters. Sow early, in rows 1% feet apart, and
cover firmly 1 inch deep; thin to 3 inches apart in the rows. Will stand winter
weather.

One oz. of seed will sow 50 feet of drill; 8 lbs. will plant an acre.

Mammoth Sandwich Island. Very uniform, large and of mild flavor. Should
not be used until after a hard frost. 140 days.

Sunflower

Mammoth Russian. Gigantic growth; heavy foliage, which is sometimes mixed
with corn as ensilage; iarge flower heads, filled with seed. Use 10 to 12
pounds of seed to the acre.

26 The Livingston Seed Company

Spinach

Culture—Will succeed in any ordinary soil, but rich soil promotes better growth
and makes leaves more tender and succulent. Can be grown as a spring or summer
crop, but seed will not germinate in extreme dry weather. Sow in April, in rows
12 to 15 inches apart, covering seed 1 inch deep, and thin to 2 to 3 inches apart.
For fall crop sow about August first, and for wintering over, about September
first, and cover lightly with straw or other litter at approach of cold weather.

One ounce of seed will sow 50 feet of drill; 12 to 15 pounds will plant an acre.

Bloomsdale Savoy Long-Standing. A new strain of merit. Almost as early
as the old-type but stands in marketable condition much longer. Deep green
leaves, intensely crumpled and blistered.

Bloomsdale Savoy Reselected. A new selection where male plants have been
eliminated, preventing shooting to seed so early. Completely crumpled and
blistered leaves; long-standing qualities.

Extra Dark Green Bloomsdale. A new and better strain of Reselected above.
Being darker green, the plants have a fresh appearance for a longer time after
cutting. It does not stand as long as Long-Standing but remains in prime
condition much longer than the old Savoy-Leaved and is just as early.

Haarlem Market (Prickly-seeded). Extra fine for early sowing. Erect, vig-
orous plants with glossy, dark green, extremely crumpled leaves.

King of Denmark. The New Evergreen Spinach. Long-standing and fit for
use in 30 days. Recommended for greenhouse growing, being of upright growth
and not so susceptible to mold.

New Zealand. Cut-and-come-again variety. Branching plants; thick, succulent
leaves. Thrives during hot weather and in any soil.

Nobel, Dark Green Giant Smooth. The best so-called smooth-leaved sorts.
Large, dark green, thick leaves. Grows rapidly and is ready to cut early.
Remarkably long standing. Profitable strain for spring sowing.

Old Dominion. A blight-resistant variety. Same as Virginia blight-resistant
in type but has longer standing qualities; therefore can be sown in July for
early fall crops and in September for early spring crop, as it winters well.

Special Summer Savoy. New. A Bloomsdale type adapted to hot summer
growing. Heavier crumpled and blistered, darker green and longer standing
than Long Standing Bloomsdale but does not replace it for spring growing.

Virginia Blight-Resistant Savoy. Fine for fall planting, about August 15,
but tends to go to seed when grown as spring crop. Type, same as Bloomsdale
but darker.

Swiss Chard or Spinach Beet

Culture—A peculiar variety of Beet. The leaves only are used as greens and the
leaf-stalks or midribs may be cooked like Asparagus. Sow seed 1 to 2 inches deep
in April or May in drills 12 to 18 inches apart, and thin to 8 to 10 inches apart in
the row.

One ounce sows 100 feet of row; 4 to 5 pounds to an acre.
Fordhook Giant. Leaves broad, upright in growth, very dark green, savoyed,

with broad white midrib. This variety, on account of its giant size and pleasing
deep green color, will supersede other sorts.

Su ———’{T_ —

Wholesale Seeds 27.

Swiss Chard or Spinach Beet (continued)

Lucullus. Improved; heavy yielding. Creamy white curled leaves. Erect plant
stems, round and finely ribbed, foliage dark green.

Squash

Culture—Plant after weather has become fully settled and the ground is warm
and dry, in hills 5 to 6 feet apart for bush varieties, and 6 to 8 feet apart for running
varieties. Hills should be thoroughly manured. Slightly elevate the hills and
place seven or eight seeds in each, finally leaving but three plants. Press the
seeds down firmly before covering, and cover early planted ones 1 inch deep, and
late ones 1% inches.

One ounce plants 40 hills; 3 to 4 pounds to an acre.

Summer Varieties
Early Prolific Straightneck. Award of Merit, A.A.S., 1938. Earlier and
more productive than the standard strain. Somewhat smaller and less warted
but much more uniform. Bright yellow; quite free from greenish colorings.

55 days.

Early White Bush. (Patty-Pan.) Flat saucer-shaped fruits; scalloped edges ;
6 to 8 inches in diameter ; ready for use very early. Should be used while young
and tender for stewing or frying. 50 days.

Giant Golden Straightneck. Same as crookneck except in shape. 58 days.

Giant Golden Summer Crookneck. The largest and considered best Crook-
neck variety. Dwarf, bushy habit; rich golden-yellow fruits, thickly warted.
58 days.

Golden Custard. (Mammoth Yellow Bush Scallop.) Deep orange; 8 to 10

inches in diameter. Best edible stage when 4 to 5 inches in diameter. The
finest quality of any of the scallop sorts. 60 days.

Mammoth White Bush Scallop. Excellent large strain, 10 to 12 inches in
diameter, and creamy white. 60 days.

Fall and Winter Varieties

Acorn. (Table Queen.) 6 inches long by 4 inches wide, just right to serve
one-half to a person. Dark green, except when over-ripe, when it changes to
buff ; flesh is orange color and fine-grained. 75 days.

Blue Hubbard. Large variety having a hard blue-gray shell. Long-keeping;
good quality. 95 days. A

Butternut. 10 to 12 in. long and 4 to 5 in. in diameter. Yellow flesh makes
excellent pies. Good keeper. 110 days.

Chicago Warted Hubbard. Similar to regular Hubbard but larger. Dark
green heavily warted; thick yellow flesh of fine quality. 100 days.

Golden or Red Hubbard. Skin bright, rich orange-red; shell hard and warty;
flesh deep golden yellow, fine-grained, cooks dry. 100 days.

Hubbard. Color dark green turning bronze at maturity. Flesh rich orange-
yellow, fine-grained, sweet; long keeper. A standard winter squash for home,
market or shipping. 100 days.

Livingston’s Improved Cushaw. Crookneck sort, mottled green and white
striped. Flesh yellow, solid, fine-grained and very sweet. 75 days.

28 The Livingston Seed Company

Italian Summer Squash

Cocozelle. Oblong, 12 to 16 inches in length and 5 inches in diameter, slightly
ribbed; color marbled yellow and dark green stripes. Best edible condition
when 6 to 8 inches long. 60 days.

Dark Green Zucchini. Resembles above except rich dark green with no strip-
ing or mottling. 65 days.

Zucchini. Light colored Italian variety. Should be used when about 5 to 6
inches long. 55 days.

Tomato

Culture—In this locality, for very early fruit, the seed should be sown in a
hotbed about the first week in March, in drills 5 inches apart and % inch deep.
Later sowings may be made until the last of April. You can approximate your
sowing date from this according to your location. (Sufficient plants for a small
garden can be started by sowing a few seeds in a shallow box or flower-pot and
placing in a sunny window in the house.) When the young plants are about
2 inches high, they should be set 4 to 5 inches apart in another hotbed or cold-
frame, or transplanted into small pots, allowing a single plant to a pot. Expose
to the air as much as possible to harden them for planting out. Water freely at
the time of transplanting in the open ground and shelter from the sun a few
days until the plants are thoroughly established. Cultivate as long as the vines
will permit, but the last two or three workings of the soil should be very shallow.
The use of fertilizer, high in potash, makes tomatoes more solid and tends to keep
them from cracking.

Tomatoes grow splendidly trained to stakes or trellises. The fruits
are of better quality and appearance and ripen earlier. This method is common
with market gardeners and is practiced by private gardeners where neatness
and conservation of space is desired. The usual method is to set one strong plant
to a stake 5 to 7 feet high, tying the plant up with wool or other strong, soft twine,
and pruning quite freely as the vine advances in growth. By this method plants
may be set much closer than in the ordinary way.

One ounce produces 2000 plants, 4 ounces to an acre. Maturities given are from transplanting
into the field to first ripe fruits.

Pink Varieties

Livingston’s Beauty. Introduced by us in 1886. One of the most popular
purple varieties for home-market and home-garden use. Fruits are large,
smooth, slightly more flat than Globe, retaining their size until late. Can be
picked green and ripens up nicely and keeps a long time. 70 days.

Livingston’s Globe. Introduced by us in 1905. The greatest shipping variety
known. Very valuable to Southern growers and shippers. As a greenhouse
sort, it is not excelled by any other pink variety. Fruits are large, smooth and
firm and a good marketable size is retained quite late in the season. Early and
productive; almost blight-proof. 65 days.

Livingston’s Magnus. Introduced by us in 1900. Large purple fruits, quite
deep through from stem to blossom-end. Heavy cropper. Has broad-potato-
leaf foliage. 62 days.

Marvelous. (Marhio.) Pink Marglobe. New wilt-resistant variety. Fruits
are large, glossy rose in color, surprisingly free from cracks and of best quality.
A vigorous grower and heavy cropper. Requiring high temperatures, it has
proven to be an excellent fall forcing variety. Also good for outside as it is
free from cracks. 62 days.

Wholesale Seeds 29

Red Varieties

Bonny Best. Good red for greenhouses. Is of medium size, bright scarlet,
always smooth, and of uniform size and shape. A splendid sort to follow
Earliana in the open field. 57 days.

Break-O-Day. Wilt-resistant. Developed from Marglobe and Marvana, having
their disease resistant qualities. Resembles Marglobe in shape and size, but
not so productive. Has vines of open habit like Marvana. Fruits are solid,
meaty and a beautiful scarlet color. Needs fertilizer high in potash. 58 days.

Earliana. Compact plants, with short, close-jointed branches, setting fruits
very early. Fruits are bright red, of uniform medium size, fleshy, solid and
smooth. Flavor more acid than later varieties. 55 days.

Greater Baltimore. (Purdue Strain.) Much more uniform and productive
than original. Heavy, firm variety; ripens evenly and is free from cracks
and ridges. Canning and outside commercial growing sort. 63 days.

John Baer. Extra-early. Fruits are large, nearly round, smooth and of good
quality. Quite productive. 60 days.

Livingston’s Stone. Introduced by us in 1889. Greatest canning, tomato
juice and sauce making variety known. Excellent shipper. A large, firm,
perfectly smooth, main crop variety. Noted for its high-yielding, even ripening,
and good keeping qualities. 76 days.

Marglobe. (Wilt and Nailhead Rust-resistant.) Has made wonderful record
in sections where these diseases prevail. Produced by crossing Livingston’s
Globe with other varieties. Vigorous grower in greenhouse or field; very pro-
ductive; bright red, large, almost round. 60 days.

The Pritchard. (Scarlet Topper.) Wilt-resistant. A cross between Mar-
globe and Cooper’s Special; inherits the good qualities of the well known
Marglobe and its self-topping characteristics from Cooper’s. Fruits are of
medium size, solid, and slightly globular. The color is scarlet with dark red
interior. Vines are short and branching, with fruit clusters of about 5 each.
Good rich soil is recommended. 60 days.

Rutgers. Wilt-resistant, Globe type. Outstanding features are large size,
solid structure, deep red color all over and high yield. Its habit of ripening
from the inside out is an asset in the manufacture of juice, catsup, etc. Vines
are strong and sturdy with ample foliage. Does best on light, sandy soil
without too much nitrogen. A good home garden sort. 60 days.

Stokesdale. Wilt-resistant, early medium-sized scarlet fruited variety of the
globe type. It features smoothness, solidity, ripening from the inside outward,
and high productivity. Excellent shipper; well adapted to northern sections.
58 days. a

Valiant. Extra early, extra large variety; solid, brilliant scarlet fruits of the
globe type. Vines are rather open therefore should be grown on heavy, well
fertilized soil to avoid danger of fruit sunburning. 57 days.

Victor. Bronze Medal, A.A.S. 1941. Extra early, vigorous scarlet variety.
Features even ripening all over and smoothness without the cracks of Earliana,
yet almost as early. Small vines permits close planting. Recommended only
for early market—not a main crop variety.

Yellow Varieties

Golden Ponderosa. Golden Ponderosa equals Ponderosa in size, shape, and
quality, but it is a golden yellow in color. In other words it is, as the name
indicates, a yellow-fleshed Ponderosa. 82 days.

30 The Livingston Seed Company

Tomato—Yellow Varieties

Jubilee. A delightful new bright orange tomato with perfectly smooth round
fruit weighing about 6 ozs. each. The interior is of equally bright orange-
yellow color. Juicy with few seeds and of a delightful sub-acid flavor.
Awarded a Bronze Medal in the 1943 All-America Selection. 72 days.

Livingston’s Golden Queen. Introduced by us in 1882. Of superior flavor,
solid, always smooth, large, ripens early. Rich golden yellow skin with a
tinge of pink on the blossom end. Fine for slicing. 78 days.

Big Varieties

Brimmer. Immense fruits of splendid flavor; very solid and meaty. The vines
are vigorous, healthy and bear heavily right up to frost. The tomato has
practically no core, very few seeds, pink in color and well shaped for being so
large.

Crimson Cushion (Beefsteak). A red Ponderosa. It is an extremely large,
bright red variety that ripens evenly and is of good quality. 84 days.

Italian Potato Leaf. A large, solid, non-acid pink potato leaf variety with few
seeds. Suitable for road stand markets and home gardeners. Not a com-
mercial variety. Retail plant growers should try it.

Livingston’s Giant Oxheart. Introduced by us in 1925. Attractive pink
skinned variety ; exceedingly smooth and tender and almost seedless, frequently
weighing 2 Ibs. and almost seedless. Mild flavor, attractive Oxheart shape,
large size and excellent table qualities. Rich soil adds greatly to its produc-
tiveness. 87 days.

Ponderosa. The pink fruits ripen late, are very solid, almost seedless, of good
sub-acid flavor, and of immense size, frequently weighing more than two
pounds. It is now producing a much smoother fruit than when first intro-
duced. Splendid slicer. Late variety. 84 days.

Turnip

Culture—Turnips serve the double purpose of summer greens and useful roots.
Early varieties should be planted as soon as the ground is dry in spring. Sowings
of these and other later ones can be made as late as August. Early sowing
should be in rows 12 to 15 inches apart, covering seed % inch and thinning to 4 to
6 inches apart in the row. Cultivate often and thoroughly. Late sowing can be
broadcast rather than sown in rows.

One ounce of seed will sow 100 feet of drill; one to two pounds will plant an acre.

Early Snowball. Medium-sized round Turnip; pure white; very fine flavor;
flesh is fine-grained. One of the best. 54 days.

Japanese Shogoin. It is the best combination variety for both bulbous roots
and tops for “greens.” The roots are white, semi-globe shaped, very sweet and
mild. The tops or leaves are large, thick, juicy and stand erect. This variety is
louse-resistant and thrives even in the hottest dry weather.

Purple-Top Strap-Leaf. Comes next to Purple-Top Globe in popularity. An
early variety, very extensively used for the table. Leaves are few and upright
in growth. Roots flat, of medium size, purple or dark red above ground, white
below; flesh white, fine-grained, and tender. 56 days.

Wholesale Seeds 31

Turnip (continued)

Purple-Top White Globe. Most popular main crop Turnip. Roots are large,
purple or dark red above ground, white below and when in best condition for
the table, are about 3 inches in diameter. Flesh white, fine-grained and tender.
Popular for market garden use. 56 days.

Red Top White Globe. (Reselected.) An improved strain of Purple-Top
White Globe. Purplish tinged red top which extends well down on the root.
Fine flavored, white flesh. A fine commercial strain. 58 days.

Seven Top. Tops are extensively used for greens. Roots inedible.

Watermelon

Culture—A light, sandy soil, with good exposure to the sun, is best for Water-
melons. The ground should be prepared deeply, but receive shallow cultivation.
Hoe often and very thoroughly about the hills. Plant 1 inch deep in hills 6 to 8
feet apart each way, with a shovelful of well-rotted manure mixed with the soil
in each hill. Plant eight to ten seeds in each hill, and when danger from insects is
past, thin out to three strong plants.

One ovnce of seed will plant 20 to 30 hills; 4 to 6 lbs. will plant an acre.

Cole’s Early. Very hardy; a sure cropper for northern states. Flesh dark
red; rind green, striped with lighter shades, thin and very brittle; of medium
size, and nearly round; matures early. Dark brown seeded. 75 days.

Dixie Queen. A remarkable new melon destined to become a leader for home
gardens, local market and shipping. One of the sweetest in cultivation. Round
with light and dark green stripes ; uniform in size and appearance; size medium
to large. Thin, tough rind; flesh bright scarlet, solid, of fine texture. Fewer
seeds than any other variety. Vines very vigorous and prolific. Small white
seeded. 85 days.

Ice Cream. True white-seeded. A good home-garden and home-market melon.
Good size and solid. Oblong, medium green, thin rind, flesh red. 80 days.

Improved Kleckley’s Sweets (Wonder.) An improved strain of Kleckley’s
Sweets, being more full at either end. It is large, heavy, oblong and has an
even dark green skin and rather thin rind. Flesh is bright scarlet, with solid
heart. Home garden and local market variety. White seeded. 85 days.

Improved Kleckley’s Sweets No. 6. Wilt-resistant Strain of the popular
Kleckley’s Sweets above, marking a distinct advancement in the development
of melons for sections where soil disease is prevalent. White seeded. 85 days.

Stone Mountain or Dixie Belle. Large, medium dark green, round melon
of excellent quality. Flesh highly colored, very solid with few seeds. A tough
rind makes it good for shipping. Being early it can be grown farther north
than many others. White seeded. 85 days.

Stone Mountain No. 5. Wilt-resistant strain of the above popular variety
making it available for planting in diseased sections. Same characteristics as
the above with the same excellent quality. White seeded. 85 days.

Sweetheart. Popular in South for shipping. Oval in shape; very heavy; gray
with light green veining; flesh pink. Dark brown seeded. 80 days.

Tom Watson. A long melon of attractive appearance, uniform in shape and
quality. Weighs 35 to 40 pounds, and is about 24 inches long by 10 inches in
diameter. The thin, tough rind stands shipping or hauling well. Brown
seeded, mottled white. 90 days.

GARDEN Notes

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Cabbage Plants

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Seeds or Dist epth Rows Rows
; Plants Apart Planting Apart Apart
Time to Plant for in Ro a Hand Field
100 foot in hachied Cultiva-| Cultiva-
Row Inches tion tion
April 1 to 15 2 oz. 1 to2 | 18 to 24 | 30 to 36
April 75 plants 18 8 24 to 36 | 36 to 48
May 15 to June 20 | 1 pound 6-10 1 30 30 to 36
May 15 to June 30 | % pound 24-36 2 30 to 36 | 36 to 48
May 10 to Aug. 5 | 1 pound 3-4 2 24 to 30 | 30 to 36
May 15 to July 20 | 44 pound 18-24 2 30 to 36 | 30 to 36
April to August Droz: 2-3 % 12 to 15 | 30 to 36
April to July 1 oz. 8-10 1to2 | 15to 18 | 30 to 36
April to July 75 plants 18-30 % 30 to 48 | 30 to 48
April 100 plants 12-18 % 30 30 to 36
Y4 oz. % 30
May 5 to June 1 Y%oz. %
April 1 to July 20 | 75to80plts.| 14-18 30 to 36 | 30 to 36
April to July 75 plants | 18-24 | % 30 to 36 | 30 to 36
April to July Loz 2-3 y% 12 to 15 | 30 to 36
April 1 to May 10 | 4 oz. 1-8 12 to 30 | 36 to 42
May to August 150 to 200 6-8 12 to 30 | 36 to 42
May to June 150 to 200 6-8 1-8 18 30 to 36
May 10 to July 10 | 14 lb. 14-36 1to2 | 30 to 36 | 36to 42
May 15 to July ¥% oz. 48-72 Yy-1 48 48 to 72
April to August 102; 4-8 % 15 to 18 30
Plants May 20 50 plants 18-24 | 30 36 to 42
April to Aug. 1 oz. seed 8-10 % 12 to 15
April 3 pounds 4-6 1 pA oi EO nea
Apr., Aug., Sept. 1-07: 2-4 yy 15 to 18 | 30 to 36
a April to July Yg oz. 6-8 % 15 to 18 | 30 to 36
April to Sept. 6 OZ. 2-4 Yy 12 to 15
April to Aug. 4 OZ. 12-15 Y% 1 23to.15
April 1 oz. 6-10 % 15 to 18 | 30 to 36
4 May 15 to June 15 4, OZ 48-72 |1 to 11%] 48to72 | 48 to 72
: May 20 to June1 | 1 oz 72-90 1 to2 | 72to90 | 72to90
April to August 1 oz. 4-6 Ye 12 to 15
April to May 6 0z ¥% to1 |12to15
Early as Possible 1 oz. 2-3 ¥% to1 |} 12to15
March to July 1 to 2 lbs. 2-3 1 12 to 15
2 Aug., Sept. 1 to 2 Ibs. 3 2 to 4 | 18to 24 | 30 to 36
} May 1 oz. 18-24 YA 24 30 to 36
April, May 4 OZ 3-6 Y% 12 to 15 S0igeae
March, April Y oz. 5-12 y% 12 to 15 | 30 to 36
March, April 2 pounds 2 2to3 | 15to 24 | 30to 36
April, May 2 pounds 2 2 to 3 | 18 to 36 | 30 to 36
Plants May 20 50 plants 18-24 yy 24 to 36 | 30 to 36
_| April to July 10 pounds 12-14 4 24 to 30 | 30 to 36
May 15 to June 75-100 plts. 12 30 30 to 36
May 20 1 oz.,15h’ls| 72-86 i 96 estas
April to Sept. 1 oz. 2-3 y% 946 15
Aug., Sept. 1 02. 2-6 1 12 to 15 30
July, Aug. 1 oz. 3-6 1 12 to 15 | 30to 36
April V4 oz 3-5 1 12 to 15 | 30 to 36
Apr., Aug. & Sept. | 2 oz 2-3 1 12 to 15
April to July 1 oz. 8-10 1to2 | 12to18 | 30 to 36
May 20 1 0z., 40 h'ls 48 1to2 | 48to72 | 48to72
May 20 10z.,40h'ls| 96 1to2 |72to96| 96
May, June 1 pkt. ¥%
May 10 to July 10 | 30 to 40 24-48 24 to 48 | 36 to 48
Apr., Aug., Sept. 1 oz. 3-4 4% 12to15

VEGETABLE PLANTING TABLE

Cultural directions will be found

Name of Vegetable

—— nal eee
Asparagus Seed

Bush Lima Beans

Pole Lima Beans

Bush Beans

Pole or Corn Beans

Beets, Table
Beets, Stock
Broccoli

Brussels Sprouts
Early Cabbage Seed

Late Cabbage Seed

Cauliflower
Carrots

Celery Seed ~

Celery Plants
Celeriac
Corn, Sweet
Cucumbers
Dandelion
Egg Plant

eS

Endive

-Kohlrabi

Lettuce Seed, Head
Leeks

Melon, Water
Mustard

Onion Seed, Sets
Onion Seed, Large

Onion Sets

Parsnips
Peas, Early
Peas, Late
Peppers:

Potatoes, Irish
Potatoes, Sweet

Pumpkins
Radish

Radish, for Winter

Rutabaga
Salsify
Spinach

Seca@hard |.
Squash, Bush
Squash, Vining

Tomato Seeds

Tomato Plants

Turnips

under each heading

THE LIVINGSTON SEED COMPANY

FAMOUS FOR QUALITY SEEDS SINCE 1850
COLUMBUS 16, OHIO

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