Die Lebensweise der Vögel

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SEPARATE HISTORICAL ACCOUNTS

OF THE

SEVERAL COLLECTIONS

INCLUDED IN THE

DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY,

V1I2.:

1. MAMMALS 3 . . 2 : £ 3 3

9. DOMESTICATED ANIMALS, HYBRIDS, AND
ABNORMALITIES . i . 5 ; ROT
—-3. BIRDS > - 5 B . ed
4. REPTILES AND BATRACHIANS . . . so
9. FISHES . 3 : . > > : 5 . 533
6. INSECTA . : ; - . . : : ot
7. ARACHNIDA . ; : : > 5 ; . 655
8. MYRIOPODA . 5 E > : 3 - . 685
9. MOLLUSCA £ - 5 5 . 701

10. CRUSTACHA, ECHINODERMS, PERIPATUS,
WORMS, AND ANTHOZOA . 731

11. PROTOZOA, PORIFERA, HYDROZOA, POLYZOA,
BRACHIOPODA, AND TUNICATA . . . . 765

VOL. II. [19° 6) B

DA, 79
2 IE,
A AY br
& 3. BIRDS.
& Br £ BOWDLER SHARPE.

I. GENERAL SKETCH.

Sır Hans StoAne’s Museum undoubtedly formed the ground-
work on which the great Zoological Collection of the British
Museum was fourded. In 1753 the number of ornithological
specimens was stated to be 1,172; these, however, were not all
mounted birds, but contained many fragmentary specimens, such
as Hornbill’s heads, and odd bones. His collection of zoological
objeets could never have been of the same importance as his
Herbarium (cf. Hist. Coll., vol. i., Botany, p. 81), or even of his
collection of minerals (cf. Hist. Coll., Minerals, pp. 355, 356),
and, as far as I know, not a single specimen of a bird from the
Sloane Collection now exists in the Museum. All have perished.

Many specimens procured during Captain Cook’s voyages
were either in the Banksian Collection or in the British Museum,
or were supposed to be there. These specimens have also
perished, the reason probably being that they were inadequately
prepared, were always mounted, and, from a lack of appreciation
of their priceless value, were allowed to decay, through a want
of proper curatorial knowledge. In Latham’s “ General Synopsis
‚ of Birds” (1781-1785) are mentioned a great number of species
“ described from specimens in the Beitich Kusel, not one of

\

which now survives.

There is apparently but one relic of the birds obtained by

' Captain Cook, viz. a Tree Starling, Aplonis ulietensis, which has
. persisted in a kind of mummified state to the present day, after
„. having been mounted and exposed to the dust and light of the
“ old British Museum for nearly a century.

The Montagu Collection of British birds was purchased by the
S.nation in 1816. Colonel Montagu, who had corresponded with
\ Gilbert White, was a first-rate ornithologist in his day. Not one
N of his specimens was properly prepared—apparently no preserva-

‚tive worthy of the name having been used—and I have felt the

_ greatest anxiety as to the preserving of the relies of this ancient

British collection. The bones of the neck and other bones of the

"body were left in the specimens, which were set up by no means

s0 Zoology.

badly. During the thirty years that they have been under my
care, many have been attacked by small mites (in spite of the
camphor-laden atmosphere of the cases) and have fallen to pieces.
Notwithstanding all the efforts of the Museum taxidermists, it
has seldom been possible to dismount any specimens from the
Montagu Collection, and they have mostly been transferred
bodily to the cabinets of skins. Owing to the specimens having
no preservative, many of them, especially the fat and heavy ones,
fell to pieces from their own weight in course of time. This was
regrettably the case with the British-killed Great Bustard (Otis
tarda) which collapsed a few years ago.

The method of preserving specimens in Montagu’s time can
best be imagined byreading the “short directions” given by Johann
Reinhold Forster, “for collecting, preserving, and transporting
all kinds of Natural History Curiosities.” These directions are
appended to Forster's “Catalogue of the Animals of North
America, containingan Enumeration of the known Quadrupeds,
Birds, Reptiles, Fish, Insects, Crustaceous and Testaceous
Animals; many of which are new and never described before.”
This scarce little pamphlet was published in 1771 by Benjamin
White, Gilbert White’s eldest brother, at “Horace’s Head, in
Fleet Street.” A reproduction of this pamphlet, from a copy in
Professor Newton’s possession, was published by the Willughby
Society in 1882.

It may be interesting to give Forster’s ‘““ short direcetions ” for
preserving a bird, as it explains the method in vogue in his time,
and it is not to be wondered at that specimens, so treated, decayed
in the course of a century :—“ Birds must be opened at the vent,
their entrails, Jungs, and craws taken out, washed with the
preparing liquor, strewed with the preparing powder, stuffed
with the prepared oakhum or tow; their plumage kept clean
during the operation, sewed up with thread steeped in the
preparing liquor ; the eyes taken out, with the tongue, and both
places washed with the same liquor ; the mouth must be filled
with prepared tow in great birds, the eyes filled up with putty,
and, when dry, painted with oil-colour after the natural colour of
live birds, of the same species, and then dried in an oven ; how-
ever, as there is all the meat on the bird left, care must be taken
not to take too plump or too fat birds, and dry them slowly under
the same precaution as mentioned No. 1 [Quadrupeds). The
operation must be repeated till the bird be perfectly dry. The
attitude may be given to the bird before he be put in the oven,

Birds. $ I

by wires that are sharp on one end and thrusted through the bird’s
legs, body, breast, and neck, and others going through the wings
and body. Small birds are likewise well preserved in brandy,
rack, or rum; and when arrived at their place of destination
they must be washed and sweetened in fresh water for several
times, and lastly dipped in the preparing liquor, the plumage
laid in order, the attitude given tothe bird by wires, and then
dried. Care must be taken to kill the kirds with shot
proportioned to their size, and at a reasonable distance, that the
specimen may not be mangled and torn. Young birds which
have not yet moulted must not be taken ; but old birds in full
feather, and, if possible, a specimen of each sex; for the sexes
often vary very much in size, feather, and colour. The nests of
birds and their eggs would likewise contribute towards perfecting
the history of this branch in zoology.”

The “]liquor” was thus composed : “ An ounce of Sal Am-
moniac, dissolved in a quart of water, in which afterwards
two ounces of corrosive sublimate Mercury must be put, or four
ounces of Arsenie may be boiled in two quarts or two quarts and
a half of water, till all or the greater part of it be dissolved, and
the liguor may serve for the same purpose to wash the inside of
the skin : then the whole cavity must be stuffed with oakhum or
tow, likewise imbibed with the same liquor, afterwards dried and
mixed with a powder of four parts of Tobacco-sand, four parts of
pounded black Pepper, one part of burnt Alum, and one part of
corrosive Sublimate or Arsenie.” No wonder that specimens thus
treated fell to pieces in course of time, and it is doubtful whether
the birds of Colonel Montagu’s Collection had even this amount
of preservative bestowed upon them.

Professor Newton can remember old Montague House, as it
stood before the present British Museum took its place. Two of
our attendants, Mr. Edward Gerrard and Mr. John Saunders,
actually served in the time of the old building; and in the old
brew-house of the estate, which stood on the west of the present
Museum boundary, in Great Russell Street, the coppers were
used by them for boiling the skeletons of seals and other large
mammals from the Parry, Ross, and Franklin Expeditions.
Mr. Saunders tells me that the painted ceilings and wall decora-
tions mentioned below were bought, on the demolition of the
original house, by the lodge-keeper, a shrewd old man named
Sivier, who had been butler to the celebrated Lord Lyndhurst.
He re-sold them, and made a good bit of money by the trans-

VOL. II. @

82 Zoology.

action. Montague House, where the collections were first installed,
was a large mansion, standing in its own grounds, with a high
brick wall surrounding it. The oil-paintings which hung in the
old Bird-Gallery at Bloomsbury had been on the walls in Montague
House, within Mr. Gerrard’s recollection. The specimens were
all mounted in cases round the sides of the rooms, as well as in
pier-cases and table-cases down the centre of the latter.

In 1845 the present British Museum at Bloomsbury was
completed, and a large series of birds, forming undoubtedly the
best publie gallery of the age, was placed on view. These
specimens suffered to some extent from light, but more from
soot and dust, which penetrated the wall-cases from behind, the
wood-work being split from too close proximity to the coils of
the heating apparatus.

The Zoologieal Department was only slowly expanded from
the days of Sir Joseph Banks. Solander, who accompanied
Banks during Cook’s first voyage (1768-71) had been made
successively an Assistant, Assistant-Keeper, and Keeper, of the
Natural History Departments. Shaw, König, Leach, and
Children had succeeded him as Assistant-Keepers and Keepers,
and most of them were eflicient and zealous men. In 1824 John
Edward Gray became an Assistant, and in 1540 he was made
Keeper of the Zoological Department, a post which he held for
34 years. The Assistant in charge of the birds was George
Robert Gray, his brother, who entered the Museum in 1831, and
was Assistant-Keeper from 1869 to 1872, when he died in harness.

During the 34 years that Dr. J. E. Gray reigned over the
Zoologieal Department, immense progress in the development of
the collections took place,'not merely as the results of surveying
voyages, such as those of the Rattlesnake, Erebus and Terror,
and many others; but the increase was mostly due to the extra-
ordinary energy of Dr. Gray, who set himself the task of making
his department the foremost in the world. He has never received
full credit for his exertions, for he had to fight against much
prejudice within the Museum walls, and when the grants for
purchases had been expended, he would freely spend his own
money in buying specimens which he deemed to be of importance
to the collection. It must be remembered that in the early days of
the nineteenth century, England oceupied but a poor position from
a zoological standpoint, and France was at the zenith of her fame
as regards exploration and the encouragement of science. Paris,
Berlin, Leyden, were all increasing their zoological collections,

Birds. 83

and England was put to the test to keep pace with the progress
of the Continental museums. That this country held its own so
well is undoubtedly due to the enthusiasm of John Edward Gray.

His brother, George Robert Gray, was a man of a totally
different stamp, of much quieter temperament, and not moved to
strenuous exertion ; he had, moreover, no acquaintance with the
habits of birds, and Professor Newton (Diet. Birds, Intr., p. 30)
describes him correctly as a “thoroughly conscientious clerk.”
This he certainly was, as he worked assiduously in a clerk-like
manner, with a clear comprehension of the compilation of
synonymy, but he had no knowledge of birds in life. A story
is told of him that, as he was being continually twitted abou!
his ignorance of birds in the field, he one day hired a gun, and
went into Hertfordshire to shoot birds. He was promptly
arrested by a keeper for trespassing.

Whether the story be true or merely ben trovato, it is certain
that George Gray had a working knowledge of birds from their
skins, and during his long connection with the Zoological
Department, he became acquainted with all the best Ornithologists
>£ his time, so that, as the result of his own and their studies,
the British Museum possessed a well-named, if a small, collection
of birds. His greatest work was the “Genera of Birds,”
published in three folio volumes, long ago out of print and now
much enhanced in price. The work was arranged on the old
Cuvierian classification, with its rostral system, Tenuirostres,
Fissirostres, etc., but the characters of families and genera were
detailed, with a list of the species known up to the time of publica-
tion. Illustrations were given of the generic characters of birds,
most of these being drawn by D. W. Mitchell, who was subse-
quently Secretary of the Zoological Society. Mitchell also executed
most of the coloured plates for Gray’s work, but a few were done by
Josef Wolf, who had not long before come to England, but who
was already taking his place as the greatest natural-history artist
the world has ever seen.

As a Museum curator it is possible that Gray did the collec-
tions some harm, but for this the system of management then
in vogue was chiefly responsible, even if he cannot be entirely
acquitted of a want of judgment. It was the custom, not only in
the British Museum, but in every other museum in Europe, to
mount every specimen of value in the publie galleries : the more
valuable the specimen, the more was it exposed ın the gallery,
there to, perish. The idea of the officers in charge of the

02

S4 Zoology.

Mammals and Birds was that the public demanded to see all the
rare and unique specimens, and it is equally certain that some
donors made a great fuss if their specimens were not all exhibited.
The consequences were absurd. When I began to unmount the
historical specimens in the Bird-gallery, I found in one case
eleven specimens of an Eagle, all young birds in the same
plumage, and from the same country, mounted in a row, and
where one of the birds had lost a leg, the want was supplied
by a wire substitute. Not one of the eleven specimens gave
a proper idea of the bird in life. In those days there were
no explanatory labels, and the public wandered about the
galleries, fatigued with the sameness of the exhibitions provided,
from which they could learn nothing, nor was any attempt made
to teach them. My own experience, as a boy, was that, in the
bird-section at least, a student was an unwelcome visitor, and his
appearance on the scene resented. This was certainly my own
case, for I had always but a short time to spare, as it was seldom
that I could get leave of absence from the Zoological Society, even
for an hour. I therefore always took the precaution to write to
Mr. G. R. Gray two or three days beforehand, to ask him to
have the specimens ready for me to compare when I arrived, so
that the time of both of us might be saved. These precautions
were often useless ; the visitor was informed on arrival that there
was a Trustees’ meeting to be prepared for, or some other function
intervening, to prevent the Ourator from attending to the visitor,
who was then told to see what he could through the glass in
the gallery, the Curator arriving with the keys of the cases about
half an hour later. When one wanted to examine any unmounted
specimens, these were to be found in wooden boxes, a hundred or
more skins huddled together, so that it was often necessary to
turn out the whole contents of the box on the table to search for
a particular specimen. In this way the plumage of the birds
was ruflled, the legs and wings torn off, and great injury to the
skins resulted.

It was undoubtedly this want of management on the part of
the Museum Curators that led to the formation of the great
private collections in the nineteenth century. It was on these
that all the sound ornithological work of this country was based,
and no one cared to visit the British Museum, unless he were
forced to do so for the purpose of examining some special type
or historical specimen.

After the publication of his very useful “Handlist of

Birds. 8

(Dr!

Birds,” in which Gray focussed all his knowledge acquired since
the “Genera of Birds” had been published, he conceived the
idea of labelling the collection of birds’-skins according to the
nomenclature of the “Handlist.” He commenced by having
some labels printed with a “ Handlist No.” attached, and he then
proceded to tranfer the localities, ete., of the specimens (or what
he imagined to be these particulars) from the original labels on to
the “ Handlist ” labels, snipping off the collectors’ tickets, which
were at the same time destroyed. Only one box of birds had been
thus treated by Gray, viz., the genus Pratincola, when his death
took place, and the collection was saved! These remarks are not
made in any spirit of unkindness, for Gray was no worse than
any other curator of his time. At the same period Schlegel was
mounting every specimen as it came into the great collection at
Leyden, and the same system is pursued to this day in some
Museums, so that every specimen, however rare or of historical
value, is doomed to destruction: it is only a question of time.
A mounted specimen may last six months or fifty years—accord-
ing to the precautions which are taken by the oflicers in charge of
the museum to exclude the light—but the result is inevitable, and
the specimen sooner or later becomes bleached and deteriorated.

When I entered the service of the Museum in 1872,
Dr. John Edward Gray was still Keeper of the Zoological
Department, and Dr. Günther was Assistant-Keeper. A new
era in the administration was about to commence The
“Catalogue of Birds” was undertaken in a similar form to
Dr. Günther’s celebrated “ Catalogue of Fish,” and it is certain
that the completion of the Bird Catalogue is due to his excellent
management and administration. 'The work took 24 years to
complete, and ran to 27 volumes, which were written by eleven
different authors, as has been amusingly recorded by Dr. Sclater
in the introduction to the “ Avium Generum Index Alphabeticus,”
forming vol. ix. of the “ Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’
Club.”

“De Catalogi Avium Magni Seriptoribus undecim.”
g I ıp

““ Sharpius incepit scripsitque volumina multa ;
Seebohmus sequitur, promptus ad auzilium.
Teutonicus, zelo plenus, venit inde Gadovus,
Salvinusque bonam prsbet amicus opem.

Jam Sclaterus adest, tria longa volumina complens
Americanarum notus amans avium.

86 Zoology.

Expers Hargittus nume Picos ordinat omnes,
Hartertusque sagax Cypselidas numerat.
Multum etiam pensze Shelleyi profuit ardor,
Multum Saundersi mens operosa dedit.
Olarus ab Italia jam Salvadorius adstat,
Et tandem Grantus fine coronat opus.”

When I first came to London, in 1863, I was full of en-
thusiasm for ornithology, and by the time that I was appointed
the first Librarian of the Zoological Society in 1867, I was
already writing my “Monograph of the Alcedinids,” and had
occasionally to visit the British Museum to examine types and
specimens of rare Kingfishers. No one of the present generation,
who visits the Zoological Department at the present time, can
have any conception of the diffieulties under which we worked in
the days of the old British Museum. At the end of the
Egyptian Gallery there was a series of rooms, to which one
descended by some downward steps in a dark corner. The rooms
in which the members of the Zoological Department worked, had
been originally intended for cellars or store-rooms— windows had
to be knocked in the walls—and in the gloom of this under-
ground dungeon many of the Catalogues of the collections were
compiled. In this “ Insect room,” as it was called, the assistants
were crowded together, and there was no space for spreading out
any series of birds for study.

It was under such ceircumstances that the “ Catalogue of
3irds” was begun. Dr. Sclater, in reviewing one of my
early volumes of this work, commenced his article as follows
(Nature, vol. 16, 1877, pp. 541-542): “I£ the visitor to the
British Museum will pause at the foot of the staircase leading
up to the Paleontological gallery and look carefully into the
obscurity in the right hand corner he will perceive a door with a
brass plate on one side of it. On entering this door and
descending (with care) a flight of darkened steps, he will find
himself in the cellar, which has for many years constituted the
workshop of our national zoologists. Two small studies parti-
tioned off to the left are assigned to the keeper of the department
and his first assistant. The remaining naturalists are herded
together in one apartment commonly called the ‘ Insect-room,’
along with artists, messengers, and servants. Into this room is
shewn everybody who has business in the Zoological Department
of the British Museum, whether he comes as student to examine

Birds. 87

the collections, or as a tradesman to settle an account. Amid
the perpetual interruptions thus caused, our national zoologist
has to pursue his work.

“Some of the specimens are here, some in the galleries over-
head, and some are stored away in cellars at a still lower depth
than that in which he sits at work. The library attached to
the department contains merely some of the most obvious books
of reference ; all others have to be obtained on loan from the great
national depository of books in the centre of the building. No
lichts are allowed, and when the fogs of winter set in, the
obscurity is such that it is diflicult to see any object requiring
minute examination.

“ Under these eircumstances, which we trust to see materially
altered when the zoological collections are moved to their new
home in South Kensington, it is more than creditable to our
zoologists that they should have turned out the large amount of
seientifie work that has issued from their department of the
British Museum during the past thirty years.”

The colleetions of Bird-skins were packed in boxes, which
were arranged in book-cases, some round the wall of the
Assistant-Keeper’s study, others in the dark passage by which
the Insect-room was approached. As the collection of big birds
increased, larger wooden boxes were provided, which were placed
in racks in the same outside passage, and in the recesses behind
the Bird-gallery upstairs, each box requiring two men to carry
it; but these larger boxes were constructed after Gray’s death,
with a view to the transference of the collection from Bloomsbury
to South Kensington. Some idea of the increase in the collection
of Bird-skins between the years 1872 and 1883 may be gained
from the fact that, in the former year, the specimens of Birds
of Prey, or Aceipitres, occupied only a few wooden boxes, and
were all contained within a single book-case in the Insect-room
passage. Eleven years later, when they were removed to
South Kensington, these birds occupied 108 boxes, measuring
3x12x 1 ft., each requiring two men to lift it. They now
fill thirty great cabinets, extending down one entire side of the
Bird-room in the Natural History Museum.

I have no exact record of the number of specimens of birds
and their eggs which existed in 1872, when I took over the charge
of the collections, but I should reckon the mounted birds at
about 10,000, the skins and eggs at the most 20,000 more, so
that an estimate of the total number of specimens at 35,000 is

88 Zoology.

probably excessive. The number at the present day cannot be
less than 400,000, including 100,000 egegs.

By the time of Dr. Günther’s accession to the Keepership of
the Department, a great improvement in the tone of the latter
had taken place. The accounts were more regularly kept, and the
expenditure of the following financial year was not mortgaged in
advance, as had been so often the case in previous years. The new
Keeper showed great vigour in ameliorating the condition of the
publie galleries, replacing the bleached and faded specimens by
well mounted examples. A particular feature of his adminis-
tration was the introduction of a series of British birds and their
nests, mounted so as to represent the actual surroundings of
the latter. This was a scheme which I had always had much
at heart, and the first of these natural groups was that of the
Coots, which I proeured at Avington Park in Hampshire— parent
birds, nest, and eggs—the whole group being presented to the
Museum by my old friend, Sir Edward Shelley. A few groups
were presented by Mr. Theodore Walker, of Leicester, but the
bulk of the birds and nests were obtained for the Museuın by Lord
Walsingham, to whom the public owes a deep debt of gratitude.
One feature of these exhibitions of “ British birds in their haunts”
is not generally known. In each case the scene is as nearly a
reproduction of the actual facts as could be attained. The birds
that actually built the nest and laid the egss are there, and the
bush or tree, the herbage and the flowers, are also reproduced,
as they were on the day when the nest was taken. Although
America has claimed the services of one of the ladies who did
the reproduction of the leaves and flowers, we can still command
the services of other clever ladies who are adepts at modelling °
foliage, so that the counterfeit leaves and flowers can scarcely
be distinguished from the actual living plants. Dr. Günther
determined from the first to reproduce nothing but the actual
facts, so as to give, as far as possible, a true life-pieture of
the birds as they were in life. Thus specimens in their worn
nesting plumage have not been replaced by handsomer birds
which did not belong to the actualnest. This much, therefore, can
be claimed for the Museum series of British birds and their nests,
that the cases represent faithfully the actual conditions as they
existed on the day when the nests were discovered.

Birds. 89

In the earlier days of the British Museum there does not
seem to have been any attempt to issue an authentic Guide-book
as to its contents. An anonymous author published a little
work in 1761, entitled “The General Contents of the British
Museum: with Remarks. Serving asa Directory in viewing that
Noble Cabinet.” Two editions of this book (1761, 1762) were
printed for R. and J. Dodsley, in Pall Mall. The remarks on
the bird collections are of no importance.

We.are, therefore, only able to gain some idea of the extent
of these early collections from the “ General Synopsis of Birds,”
compiled by the celebrated ornithologist, Dr. John Lathbam, of
Dartford. In this great work, consisting of three volumes (each
in two parts, making six volumes in all), with two Supplements,
he describes all the birds known to him, and bestows an English
name on each, many of these names being still accepted in
popular parlance at the present day. The great value of
Latham’s book, as a history, consists in the fact that he indicated
the species existing in the British Museum at the end of the
18th century, so that we are able to compile a tolerably
complete record of the contents of the Bird-room in the first
days of the British Museum.

Latham separates Birds into two Divisions, viz. LaAwp Bırps
(Vols. i.-ii., 1781-1783), and Water Bıros (Vol. üi., 1785);
each volume being in two parts.

His object was to give a complete list of known birds,
with descriptions and synonymy. He included all the species
mentioned by Buffon in his “Histoire Naturelle des Oiseaux,”
and followed Ray in his primary division of the class into
“Land” and “Water” Birds. He also determined to adhere to
Linnean Genera, except in a few cases, and proclaimed his
scheme in his “ Preface ” (p. iv) as follows :—

“In these sheets will be found near four times the number of
birds mentioned in the “ Systema Natur®” ; the additions to which
will be drawn from the authors which have appeared since that
publication, added to a great number of species not mentioned
before by anyone. This we shall be enabled to do from the
numerous collections in Natural History which have been formed
of late years in England, and in which, in course, a multitude of
new subjects have been introduced from various parts of the
world, but more especially within these few years from the
indefatigable researches of those who have made so great dis-
coveries in the Southern Ocean.”

I0 Zoology.

Speaking of the museums of his day, he adds this note ——
“ Among these, the magnificent one at Leicester House, formed by
Sir Ashton Lever, ought to be particularly mentioned, as likewise
the favours received from the inspection of numerous subjects,
the produce of the last and the former voyages to the South Seas,
in the possession of Jos. Banks, Esq., P.R.S., Soho Square.”

“It will be necessary, however, to remark that, on aceount of
the uncertainty of the return of the last eircumnavigating ships,
the Aceipitrine order, here first published, was printed off before
their arrival in England, by which means a few new species of
the Falcon genus have been excluded from their place. This has
of necessity obliged us to introduce them by means of duplicate
pages, marked with an asterisk.”

The preface is signed by Latham as from Dartford, on the 1st
of January, 1781. The book was published by Benjamin White,
the elder brother of Gilbert White. The latter, however, does
not seem to have ever met Latham personally, though Latham
was acquainted with Pennant, by correspondence at least.

It will be seen from the above preface that Latham was
specially indebted for some of his descriptions to the Leverian
Museum and the Banksian Collections. Some of the species are
stated to be in the “Tower Menagerie” and in the “Royal
Society’s Museum,” as well as in his own collection. Some field-
notes were given to him by Dr. Solander and Dr. Johann Rein-
hold Forster, on their return from Capt. Cook’s voyages.

The following species are recorded by Latham as being in
the British Museum :—

DIVISION L LAND BIRDS.

King Vulture. Vol. i., p. 7 (=@yparchus papa [L.]).
Carrion Vulture, p. 9 (= (Cathartes aura [L.]).
Sea-Eagle, p. 30 (= Haliaötus albicilla [L.]).

“ This species was also met with in Botany Island by Captain
Cook.” The bird observed by the latter must have been an
immature Haliaetus leucogaster.

Spotted Eagle, p. 38 (= Aquila maculata, Gm.).

Ösprey, p. 45 (= Pandion haliaetus [L.]).

New Zealand Falcon, p. 57 (=Harpa nove zealandize
[Gm.]).

Goshawk, p. 58 (= Astur palumbarius [L.]).

Birds. gr

Kite, p. 64 (= Milvus milvus [L.]).

Surinam Falcon, p. 84 (= Falco suflator, L.).

Kestril, p. 94 (= Cerchneis tinnunculus [L.]).

Sparrow Hawk, p. 99 (= Aceipiter nisus [L.]).

Hobby p. 103 (= Falco subbuteo, L.).

Orange-breasted Hobby, n. sp., p. 105 (= Falco aurantius,
Gm.).

Merlin, p. 107 (= Falco xsalon, Tunst.).

The species of Owls mentioned by Latham as being in the
British Museum were the following :—

*Eared Owls. Vol. i., p. 116.

Great-Eared Owl, p. 116 (= Bubo bubo [L.]).
Red-Eared Owl, p. 123 (= Pisorhina asio [L.]).
Short-Eared Owl, p. 124 (= Asio accipitrinus [Pall.]).

**With smooth heads. Vol. i., p. 132.

Snowy Owl], p. 132 (=Nyctea nyctea [L.)).

Cinereous Owl, n. sp., p. 134 (=Scotiaptex cinerea [Gm.])).
White Owl, p. 138 (= Strix flammea, L.).

Tawny Owl, p. 139 (=Syrnium aluco [L.)).

Brown Owl, p. 140 (= Syrnium aluco [L.]).

Little Owl, p. 150 (= Athene noctua [Scop.]).

In ORDER II., the Pies (Vol. i., part i., p. 153), are men-
tioned the following Shrikes as being in the British Museum :—

Great Cinereous Shrike, p. 160 (= Lanius exeubitor, L.).
Red-backed Shrike, p. 167 (= Lanius collurio, L.).
Tyrant Shrike, p. 184 (= Tyrannus pipiri, Vieill.).

Pied Shrike, p. 190 (= Thamnophilus doliatus [L.]).
Spotted Shrike, p. 190 (= Thamnophilus nevius [Gm.]).
}Dusty Shrike, p. 191 (= Lanius obscurus, Gm.).
tBrown Shrike, p. 191 (= Lanius fuscus, Gm.).

Genus v. PArror. Vol. i., p. 199.
With uneven tauls.
Blue-bellied Parrot, p. 213 (= Trichoglossus nove hol-
landize |Gm.]).
Rose-ringed Parrakeet, p. 235 (= Palsornis torquata

[ Bodd.]).

+ These two appear to be species of Formicariide, but they have not as
yet been identified.

(en)
86)

Zoology.

With tails even at the end. Vol. i., p. 256.
Ash-coloured Parrot, p. 261 (= Psittacus erithacus, L.).
White-breasted Parrot, p. 305 (=(aica melanocephala
[L.). |

Red-headed Guinea Parrakeet, p. 309 (= Agapornis pul-
laria [L.]).

Sapphire-crowned Parrakeet, p. 312 (= Loriculus galgulus
[L).

Chestnut-crowned Parrakeet, p. 314 (=Pyrrhura pieta
[P.L. S. Müll.)).

Purple-tailed Parrakeet, p. 315 (= Urochroma purpurata
[Gm.]).

Grey-headed Parrakeet, p. 315 (= Agapornis cana [Gm.)).

Black-winged Parrakeet, p. 316 (= Urochroma cingulata

[Scop. ]).
Genus vi. Toucan. Vol.i., pt. i., p. 323.
Yellow-breasted Toucan, p. 326 (= Bhamphastos tucanus

[Gm.]).

Latham’s description agrees well (with the exception of the
upper tail-coverts) with Rhamphastos ariel of Vigors (Zool.
Journ., ii., p. 466, pl. xv.). Although Latham says that he saw
the species in the British Museum, one could almost imagine that
he had based his description on Daubenton’s plate, no. 307,
“ Toucan @ gorge jaune du Bresil,” a reference to which does not
appear in the “Catalogue of Birds.” Still nearer, however, do
the plate and description agree with RBRhamphastus osculans,
Gould, which must probably be superseded by R. tucanus (Gm.).

Green Toucan, p. 331 (= Pteroglossus viridis [L.]).
“Toucan verd, de Cayenne,” Daubenton, pl. 727, and “ Femelle
du Toucan verd, de Cayenne,” Daubenton, pl. 728. Latham
himself quotes these plates of Daubenton.

Genus vi. Mornmor. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 337.
Brasilian Motmot, p. 338 (= Momotus momota [L.]).
Cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 319 (1892).
Genus vii. HorxsızL. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 341.

Philippine Hornbill, p. 345 (= Dichoceros bicornis [L.]).
Cf. Ogilvie Grant, Cat. B., xvii., p. 355.

Genus ix. DBEEF-EATER. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 359.

de)
(6)

Birds.

Genusx. Anı. Vol.i., pt. i.,p. 360.

Lesser Ani, p. 360 (= Crotophaga ani [L.]). Cf. Shelley
Cat. B., xix., p. 429 (1891).

Genus xi. WATTLE-BIRD. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 364.

Genus xii. Crow. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 366.

Raven, p. 367 (= Corvus corax, L.).

Carrion Crow, p. 370 (=Üorone corone [L.]).

Rook, p. 372 (=Trypanocorax frugilegus [L.]).
Hooded Crow, p. 374 (= Corone cornix [L.)).
Jackdaw, p. 378 (= Coleus monedula [L.]).

Jay, p. 384 (=@Garrulus glandarius [L.]).

Blue Jay, p. 386 (= Oyanocitta eristata [L.]).
Magpie, p. 392 (= Pica pica [L.)).

Nuteracker, p. 400 (= Nucifraga caryocatactes [L.]).
Red-legged Crow, p. 401 (= Graculus graculus [L.]).

Genus xii. ROLLER. Vol. i., pt. i., p. 405.

Garrulus Roller, p. 406 (= Coracias garrulus, L.).
*Blue Roller, p. 412 (= Coracias eserulea, Gm.).
*Ultramarine Roller, p. 413 (=(oracias eyanea, Gm.).

Genus xiv. ORIOLE. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 417 (1782).

Red-winged Oriole, p. 428 (= Agelzus phoeniceus [L.]).

Baltimore Oriole, p. 432 (= Icterus ballimore [L.]).

White-winged Oriole, p. 440 (= Tachyphonus melaleucus
[Sparrm.], Oriolus leucopterus, Gm., pt.).

Black Oriole, p. 445 (= Quiscalus niger [Bodd.)).

Golden Oriole, p. 449 (= Oriolus galbula, L.).

Genus xv. GRAKLE. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 455.

Minor Grakle, p. 455 (= Eulabes religiosus [L.)).
Boat-tailed Grakle, p. 460 (= Quiscalus erassirostris [Sw.]).
Purple Grakle, p. 462 (= Quiscalus versicolor, Vieill.).

Genus xvi. Parapıse Bırpd. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 469.

Greater Paradise Bird, p. 471 (= Paradisea apoda |L.]).
King Paradise Bird, p. 475 (= (ieinnurus regius [L.]).

* These two species are apparently not true Rollers. I have not been
able to determine the species with certainty, as the speeimens have perished.

94

Zoology.
Genus xvi. Curucvı. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 484.

Genus xviii. BARBET. Vol. i., pt. üi., p. 493.
Black-spotted Barbet, p. 496 (=Capito niger [P. L. 8.
Müll.]).
Black-throated Barbet, p. 501 (= Tricholeema leucomelan
[ Bodd.]).
Bufi-faced Barbet, p. 504 (= Xantholseema hsematocephala
[Mull. )).
Genus xix. CucKow. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 508.

Common Cuckow, p. 509 (= Cueulus canorus, L.).
Caroline Cuckow, p. 537 (= Coccyzus americanus [L.]).

Genus xx. WRYNEcK. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 547.
Wryneck, p. 548 (= Iynx torquilla, L.).

Genus xxi. WOODPECKER. Vol. i., pt. ii, p. 550.
With three toes.
Striped-bellied Woodpecker, p. 563 (? = Ceophleus ery-
throps).
Greater-spotted Woodpecker, p. 564 (= Dendrocopus major

[L).
Lesser-spotted Woodpecker, p. 566 (= Dendrocopus minor
Yellow-bellied Woodpecker, p. 574 (=Sphyropicus varius
[L.).
Green Woodpecker, p. 577 (= Geecinus viridis [L.]).
Rufous Woodpecker, p. 594 (= Celeus rufus [Gm.]).
Gold-winged Woodpecker, p. 597 (= Colaptes auratus [L.]).
Northern Three-toed Woodpecker, p. 60 (=Picoides tri-
dactylus [L.)).

Genus xxiil. JACAMAR. Vol. i., pt. üi., p. 603.
Green Jacamar, p. 603 (=@albula viridis, Lath.).

Genus xxili. KiInGsFIsHER. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 550.

Common Kingsfisher, p. 626 (= Alcedo ispida, L.).

Genus xxiv. NuruartcH. Vol. i., pt. üi., p. 647
European Nuthatch, p. 648 (= Sitta europzea, L.)

Birds.

eo)
(>) |

Genus xxv. Topy. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 656.
Green Tody, p. 637 (= Todus viridis, L.).
Cinereus Tody, p. 658 (= Todirostrum einereum |L.]).
Dusky Tody, p. 661 (= Contopus virens [L.]).

Genus xxvi. BEE-EATER. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 666.

Common Bee-eater, p. 667 (= Merops apiaster, L.).

Genus xxvii. Hoopor. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 686.
Common Hoopoe, p. 687 (=Upupa epops, L.).

Genus xxvili. ÜREEPER. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 698.
Common Creeper, p. 701 (= Certhia familiaris, L.).
Sickle-billed Creeper, p. 705 (= Cinnyris lotenia [L.]).
Black and Blue Creeper, p. 724 (= (ereba eyanea [L.)).
Cinnamon Creeper, p. 740 (= Synallaxis cinnamomea

|Gm.)).

Genus xxix. HumnmınG-BIRD. Vol. i., pt. ii., p. 744.
With eurved bills.

Supercilious Humming-bird, p. 744 (= Phaethornis superei-
lioosus [L.]).

Black-capped Humming-bird, p. 748 (= Aithurus polytmus
LI).

Mango Humming-bird, var. A, p. 759 (= Lampornis
mango [L.]).

Harlequin Humming-bird, p. 760 (= Trochilus multicolor
[Gm.]).

With straight bills.

Violet-eared Humming-bird, p. 767 (=Heliothrix auritus
[Gm.]).

Violet-eared Humming-bird, var. A.

Red-throated Humming-bird, p. 769 (= Trochilus colubris,
2):

Dusky-crowned Humming-bird, p. 776 (= (lytolsema
rubinea [Gm.]).

Grey-bellied Humming-bird, p. 778 (= Chrysolampis moschi-
tus [L.)).

Crested Humming-bird, p. 783 (= Bellona cristata [L.)).

Crested Brown Humming-bird, p. 784 (= Trochilus puniceus,
Gm.).*

* Not referred to in “ Catalogue of Birds.”

Zoology.

ORDER III. Passerıne. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 1 (1783).

Genus xxx. STARE. Vol. ü., pt.i.,p. 1.

Common Stare, p. 2 (= Sturnus vulgaris, L.).
Crescent Stare, p. 6 (= Sturnella magna |L.]).

Genus xxxi. THRrUSH. Vol. ii., pt. i.,p. 13.

Missel Thrush, p. 16 (= Turdus viscivorus, L.).

Throstle Thrush, p. 18 (= Turdus musieus, L.).

Jamaica Thrush, p. 20 (= Turdus jamaicensis, Gm.).

Little Thrush, p. 20 (= Turdus fus<escens, Stephens).

Golden-erowned Thrush, p. 21 (= Siurus auricapillus [L.]).

Redwing Thrush, p. 22 (= Turdus iliacus, L.).

Red-breasted Thrush, p. 26 (= Turdus migratorius, L.).

Ferruginous Thrush, p. 39 (= Harporhynehus rufus [L.]).

Mimic Thrush, p. 40 (= Mimus polyglottus [L.]).

St. Domingo Thrush, p. 42 (= Mimus dominieus [L.]).

Yellow-bellied Thrush, p. 42 (= Donacobius atricapillus
[L).

Blackbird, p. 43 (= Merula merula [L.]).

White-chinned Thrush, p. 45 (= Merula aurantia [Gm.]).

Ring-Ouzel, p. 46 (= Merula torquata [L.)).

Water-Öuzel, p. 48 (= (inelus aquaticus, Bechst.).

Shining Thrush, var. A, p. 56 (= Lamprocolius splendidus,
Vieill.).

Ceylon Thrush, p. 62 (= Laniarius gutturalis |Müll.]).

Indian Thrush, p. 66 (= Turdus indicus, Gm.).

Genus xxxii. CHATTERER. Vol. ii., pt. i.,p. 91.

Carolina Chatterer, p. 93 (= Ampelis cedrorum, Vieill.).
Red Chatterer, p. 97 (= Phenicocerceus carnifex [L.]).

Genus xxxii. CoLy. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 100.

Genus xxxiv. GROSBEAK. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 104.
With four toes.

Common Crossbill, p. 106 (= Loxia curvirostra, L.).
Hawfinch, p. 109 (= Coceothraustes coccothraustes [L.]).
Pine Grosbeak, p. 111 (= Pinicola enucleator [L.]).

Cape Grosbeak, p. 113 (= Pyromelana capensis [L.]).
White-throated Grosbeak, p. 115 (= Pitylus grossus [L.]).

VOL.

Birds. 97

Purple Grosbeak, p. 117 (= Loxigilla violacea [L.)).

Cardinal Grosbeak, p. 118 (=Cardinalis cardinalis [L.)).

Grenadier Grosbeak, p. 120 (= Pyromelana oryz [L.]).

Dominican Grosbeak, p. 123 (= Paroaria larvata | Bodd.]).

Red-breasted Grosbeak, p. 126 (= Hedymeles ludovieianus
L.]).

Mn) Grosbeak, p. 127 (=Pitylus viridis [ Vieill.)).

Java Grosbeak, p. 129 (= Munia oryzivora [L.]).

Green Grosbeak, p. 134 (= Ligurinus chloris [L.]).

Malacca Grosbeak, p. 140 (= Munia malacca [L.]).

Cowry Grosbeak, p. 142 (= Munia punctulata [L.])).

Bullfinch, p. 143 (= Pyrrhula europza, Vieill.).

Black-breasted Grosbeak, p. 148 (= Spermophila eueullata
[ Bodd. ]).

Wax-bill Grosbeak, p. 152 (=Estrilda astrilda [L.]).

Minute Grosbeak, p. 158 (=Spermophila minuta [L.)).

Genus xxxv. Bunting. Vol. ü., pt. ii., p. 160.

Snow Bunting, p. 161 (= Pleetrophenax nivalis [L].).

Black Bunting, p. 166 (=Junco hyemalis [L.]).

Yellow Bunting, p. 170 (= Emberiza citrinella, L.).

Common Bunting, p. 171 (= Emberiza miliaria, L.).

Red Bunting, p. 173 (= Emberiza scheniclus, L.).

Shaft-tailed Bunting, p. 183 (= Tetrenura regia [L.)).

Örange-shouldered Bunting, p. 184 (=(Ühera procne
[ Bodd.]).

Rice Bunting, p. 188 (= Dolichonyx oryzivorus [L.]).

Towhe Bunting, p. 199 (= Pipilo erythrophthalmus [L.])).

Cinereus Bunting, p. 204 (= Emberiza cinereus [Gm.)).

Painted Bunting, p. 206 (= Cyanopiza eiris [L.]).

Genus xxxvi. TANAGER. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 213.

Red-breasted Tanager, p. 214 (= Bhamphocelus jacapa
L.]).

Red He var. A, p. 217 (= Pyranga rubra [L.]).

Mississipi Tanager, p. 218 (= Pyranga zstiva [Gm.]).

Variegated Tanager, p. 219 (= Pyranga zstiva [Gm.)).

Bishop Tanager, p. 226 (= Tanagra episcopus [L.]).

Spotted Tanager, p. 228 (= Calliste punctata [L.]).

Rufous-headed Tanager, p. 231 (=(alliste cayana [L.]).

Red-headed Tanager, p. 233 (= Calliste gyrola [L.]).

11. H

93

Zoology.

Variable Tanager, p. 234 (= Tanagra variabilis [Gm.]).

Paradise Tanager, p. 236 (= Calliste tatao [L.]).

Golden Tanager, var. A, p. 240 (= Euphonia chloro-
tica [L.)).

Negro Tanager, p. 240 (= Euphonia cayana [L.]).

Rufous-throated Tanager, p. 241 (=Glossiptila ruficollis

[Gm.]).

Genus xxxvii. FıncH. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 246.
House Sparrow, p. 248 (= Passer domesticus, L.).
White Sparrow, p. 250
Black Sparrow, p. 251.

Tree Sparrow, p. 252 (= Passer montanus, L.).

Chaffinch, p. 257 (= Fringilla celebs, L.).

Crimson-crowned Finch, p. 259—I believe this to be
Coryphospingus ceristatus.

Brambling, p. 261 (= Fringilla montifringilla, L.).

Beautiful Finch, p. 266 (= Zonogastris melba [L.]).

Orange Finch, p. 276 (= Spindalis zena [L.]).

Goldfinch, p. 281 (= Carduelis carduelis [L.]).

American Goldfinch, p. 288 (= Chrysomitris tristis [L.]).

Siskin, p. 289 (= Ohrysomitris spinus [L.]).

Canary Finch, p. 293 (=Serinus canarius [L.]).

Bahama Finch, p. 300 (= Phonipara bicolor [L.)).

Linnet, p. 302 (= Acanthis cannabina [L.]).

Greater Redpoll, p. 304 (= Acanthis cannabina [L.)).

Lesser Redpoll, p. 305 (= Acanthis rufescens | Vieill. ]).

Amaduvade Finch, p. 311 (=Sporzginthus amandava [L.]).

Brasilian Finch, p. 318 (=@Granatina granatina [L.]).

Genus xxxviii. FLYCATCHER. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 321.

The Pied Flycatcher, p. 324 (= Muscicapa atricapilla, L.).

Paradise Flycatcher, p. 345 (= Terpsiphone paradisi [L.]).

Paradise Flycatcher, var. B, p. 347.

Cinereus Flycatcher, p. 350 (= Contopus virens [L.]).

Red-eyed Flycatcher, p. 351 (= Vireo olivaceus [L.]).

Cat Flycatcher, p. 353 (= Galeoscoptes carolinensis [L.]).

Cayenne Flycatcher, p. 355 (= Myiozetetes cayennensis
>]).

I Flycatcher, p. 357 (= Myiarchus erinitus [L.]).

Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, p. 359 (= Myiozetetes cayen-
nensis [L.]).

Birds. 29

Genus xxxix. LARk. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 367 (1783).

Sky-Lark, p. 368 (= Alauda arvensis, L.).

Var. B, Dusky Lark, p. 370 (= Alauda arvensis, L.).
Wood Lark, p. 371 (= Lullula arborea [L.]).
Tit-Lark, p. 374 (= Anthus pratensis [L.)).

Shore Lark, p. 385 (= Otocoris alpestris [L.]).
Crested Lark, p. 389 (= @alerita cristata [L.]).

Genus xl. WacraıL. Vol. ü., pt. ii., p. 394.

White Wagtail, p. 395 (=Motacilla alba, L.).
Grey Wagtail, p. 398 (= Motacilla melanope, Pall.).
Yellow Wagtail, p. 400 (=Motacilla campestris, Pall.).

Genus xli. WARBLER. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 404.

Nightingale, p. 405 (= Aedon luscinia [L.)).

Blackcap, p. 415 (=Sylvia atricapilla [L.]).

Babbling Warbler, p. 417 (= Sylvia curruca [L.]).

Hedge Warbler, p. 419 (= Accentor modularis [L.]).

Black Warbler, p. 427 (=Setophaga ruticilla [L.)).

Whitethroat, p. 428 (=Sylvia cinerea [L.)).

Yeliow-breasted Warbler, p. 438 (=Geothlypis trichas
2)

Redbreast, p. 442 (=Erithacus rubecula [L.]).

Blue Warbler, p. 446 (=Sialia sialis [L.]).

Whinchat, p. 454 (= Pratineola rubetra [L.)).

Wheatear, p. 465 (= Saxicola eenanthe [L.)).

Green Indian Warbler, p. 474 (= ZEgithina tiphia [L.)).

White-poll Warbler, p. 483 (= Mniotilta varia [L.)).

Cayenne Warbler, var. A, p. 503 (= Dacnis cayana [L.)).

Cayenne Warbler, var. B, p. 503 (= Dacnis cayana [L.)).

Wren, p. 506 (= Anorthura troglodytes [L.]).

Wren, var. B, p. 507 (= Thryothorus ludovicianus [Lath.]).

Gold-erested Warbler, p. 508 (= Regulus eristatus [L.]).

Ruby-crowned Warbler, p. 511 (= Regulus calendula [L.]).

Yellow Warbler, p. 512 (= Phylloscopus trochilus [L.]).

Yellow Warbler, var. A, p. 513 (= Phylloscopus tristis,
Blyth).

Yellow-poll Warbler, p. 515 (= Dendreca zstiva [Gm.])).

Genus xlii. Manakın. Vol. ii., pt. üi., p. 517.

Rock Manakin, p. 518 (= Rupicola crocea, Vieill.).
Blue-backed Manakin, p. 520 (= Chiroxiphia pareola [L.)
H 2

100

Zoology.

Black-capped Manakin, p. 521 (= Chiromachseris manacus
[L).

White-capped Manakin, p. 523 (= Pipra leucocilla [L.]).

White-throated Manakin, p. 524 (= Pipra gutturalis [L.]).

Red and Black Manakin, var. A, p. 525 (=Pipra aureola
[L.).

Cinereus Manakin, p. 533 (=Pachyrhamphus einereus
[ Bodd. ]).

Genus xliii. Tırmouse. Vol. ü., pt. ü., p. 535.

Great Titmouse, p. 536 (= Parus major, L.).

Colemouse, p. 540 (= Parus ater, L.).

Marsh Titmouse, p. 541 (= Parus palustris, L.).

Blue Titmouse, p. 543 (= Parus czeruleus, L.).

Crested Titmouse, p. 545 (=Parus cristatus, L.).
Long-tailed Titmouse, p. 550 (= ZEgithalus caudatus |L.]).
Bearded Titmouse, p. 552 (= Panurus biarmicus [L.]).

Genus xliv.. SwALLow. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 560.

Chimney Swallow, p. 561 (= Hirundo rustica, L.).

White Swallow, var. A, p. 563 (= Hirundo rustica, L.).

Martin, p. 564 (= Chelidonaria urbica [L.)).

Sand Martin, p. 568 (= Olivicola riparia [L.]).

Aoonalashka Swallow, p. 571 (=Hirundo unalashkensis
Gm.).

Aculeated Swallow, p. 583 ( = Oollocalia fuciphaga, Thunb.).

Swift, p. 584 (= Cypselus apus [L.]).

Genus xlv. GOATSUCKER. Vol. ii., pt. ü., p. 589.

European Goatsucker, p. 593 (= Caprimulgus europzeus, L.).
Virginia Goatsucker, p. 595 (= Chordeiles virginianus

[Gm.]).
ORDER IV. CoLUMBINE.

Genus xlvi. PıGEon. Vol. ii., pt. ii.
With moderate tails.
Shaker Pigeon, p. 611.
Carrier Pigeon, p. 613.
Great Crowned Pigeon, p. 620 (= @oura coronata [L.]).
Ring Pigeon, p. 635 (= Columba palumbus, L.).
Triangular-spotted Pigeon, p. 639 (= Columba quinea, L.).

Birds. 101

Common Turtle, p. 644 (= Turtur turtur [L.]).

Barred Turtle, p. 650 (= @eopelia striata [L.]).

Canada Turtle, p. 658 (= Ectopistes migratorius [Catesb. ]).
Ground Turtle, p. 659 (= Ühamzepelia passerina [L.]).

With long tails.
Passenger Pigeon, p. 661 (= Ectopistes migratorius| Catesb.]).

ORDER V. GALLINACEOUS. Vol. üi., pt. ii.

Genus xlvii. PrAacock. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 668.

Crested Peacock, p. 668 (= Pavo cristatus, L.).
Variegated Peacock, p. 671 (=Pavo cristatus, L.).

Genus xlvii. Turkey. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 676.

Domestie Turkey, p. 679 (= Meleagris gallopavo [L.]).

Genus xlix. Pınrapo. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 685.
Guinea Pintado, p. 685 (= Numida meleagris [L.]).

Genus l. Curassow. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 690.

Crested Curassow, p. 690 (= (raw globicera, L.).
Do. the female, p. 693 (=Crax alector 2).

Genus li. PHEASANT. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 697.

Domestic Cock, p. 700 (= Gallus gallus [L.)).

Frizzled Cock, p. 704 (= Gallus gallus [L.]).

Argus Pheasant, p. 710 (= Argusianus argus [L.]).
Common Pheasant, p. 712 (= Phasianus colchicus, L.).
Painted Pheasant, p. 717 (= Chrysolophus pietus [L.]).
Pencilled Pheasant, p. 719 (=@ennzeus nycthemerus [L. |).

Genus li. Tınmamov. Vol. ii., pt. üi., p. 724.

Genus lii. Grous. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 728.
With four toes.

Black Grouse, p. 733 (= Lyrurus tetrix [L.)).
Shoulder-Knot Grouse, p. 737 (= Bonasa umbellus [L.]).
Ruffed Grouse, p. 738 (= Bonasa umbellus [L.]).
Ptarmigan Grouse, p. 741 (= Lagopus lagopus [L.]).

102 Zoology.

Genus liv. PArTRIıDGE, Vol. üi., pt. üi., p. 755.
With four toes.

Cape Partridge, p. 757 (= Francolinus capensis [Gm.]).
Francolin Partridge, p. 759 (=Francolinus francolinus

L.)).

en Partridge, p. 762 (=Perdix perdix [L.]).
Guernsey Partridge, p. 768 (=Caccabis rufa [L.].)
Green Partridge, p. 777 (= Rollulus roulroul [Scop. ]).
Maryland Partridge, p. 778 (== Orty« virginianus [L.]).
Common Quail, p. 779 (= Coturnix coturnix [L.]).
Chinese Quail, p. 783 (= Excalfactoria chinensis [L.]).

Genus lv. TRUMPETER. Vol. ü., pt. üi., p. 793.

Genus lvi. Busrarnd. Vol. ii., pt. ü., p. 796.

Great Bustard, p. 796 (=Otis tarda [L.]).
Thick-kneed Bustard, p. 806 (= (Edicnemus dienemus

[L.]).
ORDER VI. STRUTHIOUS.
Genus Ivii. Dopo. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 1 (1785).
Genus Iviii. OsrtrıcH. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 6.

Genus lix. CassowAryY. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 10.

DIVISION II. WATER BIRDS.

Orper VII. With cloven feet.

Genus lx. Spooxsgizr. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 13.
White Spoonbill, p. 13 (= Platalia leucorodia [L.]).

Genus Ixi. SCREAMER. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 18.
Genus Ixil. JABIRU. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 22.
Genus Ixiii. BoAr-BıLL. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 25.

us Ixivv. UMBRE. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 30.

Birds. 103

Genus lxv. Heron. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 32.

Crowned Heron, p. 34 (= Balearica pavonina [L.]).

Demoiselle Heron, p. 35 (= Anthropoides virgo [L.]).

Indian Crane, var. A, p. 39 (=@rus antigone [L.]).

White Stork, p. 47 (= Oiconia ciconia [L.]).

Bittern, p. 56 (= Botaurus stellaris [L.)).

Green Heron, p. 68 (= Butorides virescens [L.]).

Cinnamon Heron, p. 77 (= Ardetta cinnamomea [Gm.]).

Common Heron, male, p. 83 (= Ardea cinerea, L.).

Little Egret, p. 90 (= @arzetta garzetta [L.]).

Great White Heron, p. 91 (= Herodias alba [L.]).

Little White Heron, p. 93 (?=Dichromanassa rufa
[ Bodd.]).

Genus Ixvi. Isıs. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 104.

Scarlet Ibis, p. 106 (= Eudocimus ruber [L.]).
Bald Ibis, p. 116 (= @eronticus calvus [Bodd.]).

Genus Ixvii. CurLew. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 119.

Common Curlew, p. 119 (= Numenius arquatus [L.]).
Esquimaux Curlew, p. 125 (= Numenius borealis [Forst.]).

Genus Ixvii. SnIpE. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 128.
Woodeock, p. 129 (= Scolopax rusticula [L.)).
Common Snipe, p. 134 (= Gallinago gallinago [L.]).
Jack Snipe, p. 136 (= Limnoeryptes gallinula [L.]).
Red Godwit, p. 142 (= Limosa lapponica [L.]).
Common Godwit, p. 144 (= Limosa lapponica [L.]).
Green-Shank, p. 147 (= @lottis nebularius [Gunner.]).
Redshank, p. 150 (= Totanus calidris [L.]).

Genus lxix. SANDPIPER. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 158.

Ruff, p. 159 (= Pavoncella pugnax [L.)).

Swiss Sandpiper, p. 167 (= Squatarola helvetica [L.]).
Common Sandpiper, p. 178 (= Tringoides hypoleucus |L.]).
Dunlin, p. 185 (= Pelidna alpina [L.]).

Genus Ixx. PLovEr. Vol. iüi., pt. i., p. 192.

Golden Plover, p. 193 (= Charadrius pluvialis [L.]).
Long-legged Plover, p. 195 (= Himantopus himantopus [L.)).

104 Zoology.

Noisy Plover, p. 199 (= Oxyechus vociferus [L.]).

Ringed Plover, p. 201 (= Egialitis hiaticola [L.]).

Spur-winged Plover, p. 213 (= Hoplopterus spinosus [L.]).
Genus Ixxi. OYSTER-CATCHER. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 219.

Pied Oyster-catcher, p. 219 (= Hiematopus ostralegus [L.]).
Genus Ixxii. PrArincoLe. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 222.

Genus Ixxii. Raır. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 226.
Water Rail, p. 227 (= Rallus aquaticus [L.]).
Black Rail, p. 236 (= Limnocorax niger [Gm.]).

Genus Ixxiv. JAacana. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 241.
Chestnut Jacana, p. 241 (=Jacana jacana [L.]).
Variable Jacana, p. 244 (= Asareia variabilis [L.]).
Genus Ixxv. GALLINULE. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 249.

Crake Gallinule, p. 250 (= Crex cerex |L.]).

Purple Gallinule, p. 254 (= Porphyrio porphyrio [L.]).
Common Gallinule, p. 258 (= Gallinula chloropus [L.]).
Crested Gallinule, p. 267 (= Fulica ceristata [Gm.]).

tenus Ixxvi. SHEATHBILL. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 268.

OrDER VII. With pinnated feet.
Genus Ixxvi. PHALAROPE. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 270.

Genus Ixxvii. Coor. Vol. üi., pt. i., p. 275.

Common Coot, p. 275 (=Fulica cristata |Gm.]).

Genus Ixxix. GREBE. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 280.

Crested Grebe, p. 281 (= Podicipes cristatus [L.]).
Eared Grebe, p. 285 (= Podicipes nigricollis, Brehm.).
Little Grebe, p. 289 (= Podicipes fluviatilis, Tunst.).

ORDER IX. Web-footed.
With long legs.

Genus Ixxx. Avocer. Vol. ii., pt. i., p. 293.

Scooping Avocet, p. 293 (=Recurvirostra avocetta, L.).

Birds. 105
Genus Ixxxi. COURIER. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 298.

Genus Ixxxii. Framınco. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 299.
Red Flamingo, p. 299 (= Phonicopterus roseus, Pall.).

With short legs.

Genus Ixxxiii. AupBarross. Vol. iii., pt. i., p. 304.

Wandering Albatross, p. 304 (=_Diomedea exulans, L.).

Yellow-nosed Albatross, p. 309 (= Thalassogeron chloro-
rhynchus |Gm.]).

Genus Ixxxiv. Auk. Vol. ii., pt. i.,p. 3ll.
Pufin Auk, p. 314 (=Fratercula arctica [L.]).
Labrador Auk, p. 318 (= Fratercula arctica [L.]).
Razor-bill, p. 319 (= Alca torda, L.).

Black-billed Auk, p. 320 (= Alca torda, L.).

Genus Ixxxv. GuILLEemorT. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 329 (1785).
Foolish Guillemot, p. 329 (= Uria troile [L.]).
Black Guillemot, p. 332 (= Uria grylle [L.]).

Genus Ixxxvi. Diver. Vol. iüi., pt. üi., p- 337.
Northern Diver, p. 337 (= Colymbus glacialis, L.).
Imber Diver, p. 343 (= Colymbus glacialis, L.).
Speckled Diver, p. 341 (=(olymbus septentrionalis, L.).
Red-throated Diver, p. 244 (= (olymbus septentrionalis, L.).

Genus Ixxxvi. SKIMMER. Vol. iii., pt. ü., p. 347.
Black Skimmer, p. 347 (= Rhynchops nigra, L.).

Genus Ixxxviii. Term. Vol. iii., pt. ü., p. 349.
Caspian Tern, var. A, p. 351 (= Hydroprogne caspia
[Pall.]).
Caspian Tern, var. B, p. 351 (=Hydroprogne caspia
[Pall.]).
African Tern, p. 354 (=Sterna cantiaca, Gm.).
Common Tern, p. 361 (=Sterna fluviatilis, Naum.).
Lesser Tern, p. 364 (=Sterna minuta, L.).
Chinese Tern, p. 365 (=Sterna sinensis, Gm.).
Black Tern, p. 366 (= Hydrochelidon nigra [L.]).

Genus Ixxxix. GurL. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 369.
Wagel Gull, p. 375 (=Larus marinus, L.).

Zoology.

Genusxc. PETREL. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 395.

Giant Petrel, p. 396 (=Ossifraga gigantea [Gm.]).
Pintado Petrel, p. 401 (= Daption capensis [L.]).
Cinereus Fulmer, p. 405 (= Priofinus einereus [Gm.]).
Shearwater Petrel, p. 375 (= Pufiinus kuhli | Boie]).
Snowy Petrel, p. 408 (= Pagodroma nivea [Gm.)).
Stormy Petrel, p. 411 (= Procellaria pelagica, L.).
Blue Petrel, p. 415 (= Halobzena czerulea [Gm.)).
Pacific Petrel, p. 416.

Dusky Petrel, p. 416 (= Pufinus obscurus [Gm.])).

Genus xci. MERGANSER. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 418.

Goosander, p. 418 (=Merganser castor [L.]).

Dun-Diver, p. 420 (= Merganser castor [L.]).

Red-breasted Merganser, p. 423 (= Merganser serrator
L.j).

ae Merganser, p. 426 (= Lophodytes cucullatus [L.]).

Smew, male, p. 428 (= Mergus albellus, L.).

Minute Merganser, p. 429 (= Mergus albellus, L.).

Genus xcii. Duck. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 431.

Mute Swan, p. 436 (=Cygnus olor Gm.).

Bustard Goose, p. 440 (= (loephaga magellanica [Gm.]).

Chinese Goose, p. 447 (= Oygnopsis cygnoides [L. ]).

Canada Goose, p. 450 (=Branta canadensis [L.]).

Black Duck, p. 479 (= (Edemia perspieillata [L.]).

Harlequin Duck, p. 484 (= Cosmonetta histrionica [L.]).

Mallard, p. 489 (= Anas boscas [L.]).

Tame Duck, p. 494 (= Anas boscas [L.]).

Black-billed Whistling Duck, p. 499 (= Dendrocygna
arborea [L.]).

Shieldrake, p. 504 (= Tadorna cornuta [L.]).

Shoveler, p. 509 (=Spatula clypeata |L.]).

Common Wigeon, p. 518 (= Mareca penelope [L.]).

Pintail Duck, p. 526 (= Dafila acuta [L.)).

Buffel-headed Duck, p. 533 (= Clangula albeola [L.]).

Golden-eye Duck, p. 535 (= (langula glaucion [L.]).

Tufted Duck, p. 540 (= Fuligula fuligula [L.)).

Summer Duck, p. 546 (= #x sponsa |L.]).

Garganey, p. 550 (= Querquedula eircia [L.]).

Common Teal, p. 551 (= Nettion crecca [L.)).

Birds. 107

Genus xcii. Pınavin. Vol. ii., pt. ii., p. 559.

Crested Pinguin, p. 561 (= Catarrhactes chrysocome
[ Forst. ]).

Patagonian Pinguin, p. 563 (= Aptenodytes patagonica
| Forst. ]).

Cape Pinguin, p. 566 (= Spheniscus demersus [L.]).

Genus xeiv. PrLıican. Vol. üi., pt. ii., p. 574.
Great White Pelican, p. 575 (= Pelecanus onocrotalus, L.).
Brown Pelican, p. 580 (= Pelecanus fuscus, Gm.).
Rough-billed Pelican, p. 586 (=Pelecanus erythrorhynchus,
Gm.).
Me Shag, p. 606 (= Phalacrocorax africanus, Gm.).
Gannet, p. 608 (=Sula bassana [L.]).

Genus xcv. Trorıc Bırp. Vol. iii., pt. ii., p. 615.
Common Tropic Bird, p. 615 (= Phaethon zethereus, L.).

Genus xcvi. DARTER. Vol. iii., pt. ii.,.p. 622.
Black-bellied Darter, var. A, p. 624 (=Plotus anhinga, L.).
Surinam Darter, p. 626 (= Plotus surinamensis, Gm.).

In the first “ Supplement ” to the “ General Synopsis” (1787) a
few species are added, the following being in the British Museum.

Plaintive Vulture, p. 4 (= Polyborus tharus, Molina)).

Dubious Parrot, p. 62 (=Psittacus dubius, Lath.).
Of. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx., p. 612.

South-Sea Raven, p. 75 (=(orvultur albicollis, Lath.).

Black Roller, p. 85 (= (ryptorhina afra, L.).

African Roller, p. 86 (= Eurystomus afer, Lath.).

Doubtful Barbet, p. 96 (= Lybius dubius, Gm.).

African Creeper, var. C, p. 127 (= (innyris afra, L.).

Ash-bellied Creeper, p. 130 (= Nectarinia famosa, L.).

Red-winged Chatterer, p. 146 (=(ampophaga pheenicea,
Lath.).

Flammeous Flycatcher, p. 171 (= Pericrocotus flammeus,
Forst.).

African Pheasant, p. 210 (=Schizorhis africana, Lath.).

Of additional interest to Latham’s published works, which
give us an idea of the contents of the bird-cases in the British
Museum in the latter half of the eighteenth century, is the
naming of certain Australian birds in the “Supplements” to the
“Synopsis” and to the “ Index Ornithologieus.” Up tothe present

108 Zoology.

time, it has never been known where Latham obtained the
material for describing so many Australian, or, as they were
then called, “New Holland,” birds.

In 1902 the Museum acquired from Mr. James Lee, a grand-
son of the famous horticulturist of Hammersmith, a large volume
of paintings executed for the latter by one of his collectors,
Thomas Watling, between 1788 and 1792. These drawings had
evidently been shown to Latham, who named most of the birds,
and seems to have referred to these pictures as “Mr. Lambert’s
Drawings.” They do not seem, however, to have been Lambert’s
property at any time.

The types of Latham’s species are, in fact, founded on
these drawings of Watling’s.

The collector was sent to New South Wales by Mr. Lee, and
some of the illustrations in White’s “ Journal of a Voyage to
N.S. Wales in 1790” were drawn by Watling, who refers to
White in his volume of paintings.. (Cf. Hist. Coll. Brit. Mus.
(N H.), i., p. 52 (Libraries).

Mr. James Britten, who has examined the series of drawings,
has published the following interesting note (Journ. Botany, xl.,
p- 302 (1902)): “The British Museum has lately acquired a
very interesting volume containing drawings in colour of the
animals and plants of Australia, made by Thomas Watling in
1788-1792. Watling was sent out by James Lee of Hammer-
smith (from whose great-grandson, bearing the same names, the
collection was purchased), with a view to obtaining material for
a book on the natural history of the country.

“Apart from its contents, the volume is interesting on
account of the light which it throws upon an entry on p. 253,
vol. i., of Dryander’s ‘Catalogue of the Banksian Library ’: this
runs, ‘Volumen foliorum 70, continens figuras animalium et
plantarum pictas quas in Nova Cambria prope Port Jackson
delineavit Edgar Thomas Dell.’

“Im Banks’ copy the last four words are struck out, and a
comparison of the volume with the one acquired from Mr. Lee
shows that it is the work of the same artist. Watling was
acquainted with John White (‘ Surgeon-General to the Settle-
ment’), who sent plants to Smith, and published in 1790 his
‘Journal of a Voyage to New South Wales’; one or two of
Watling’s drawings were executed for White.

“The newly acquired volume contains several views of
Sydney which are of great interest.”

Birds. 109

Attached to the drawings of birds is a list of the species,
with the following announcement, probably in the handwriting
of Mr. James Lee himself: “This Catalogue was wrote by
Dr. Latham, author of the ‘General Synopsis of Birds.’ ”

The following is a list of the Drawings as determined by
Latham himself, and bearing his handwriting :—

1. Bold Vulture, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 10, no. 10

(1802).
Vultur audax, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. ii. (1801).

Latham copies Watling’s original note about the native name
being “ Boora-morang” (Watling writes it “ Boo-ro-ma-rang ”),
and also about the bird sometimes attacking natives, but he says
not, one word about Watling or James Lee in the text of his
book, nor can I so far find any evidence of his giving credit to
either of them as the source of his information.

The bird is drawn holding a fish under its foot, and might be
mistaken for a young Haliaetus leucogaster, but on comparing
the sketeh with specimens, it is evidently intended for a
Wedge-tailed Eagle, as is also shewn by its feathered legs.
Latham says that “the size of this bird is uncertain.” Watling
generally gives the size of his birds, but on this pieture he gives a
scale, which shows that the specimen was about three feet long.

2. Pondicherry Eagle. Qu. new species. Latham, Gen.

Syn., il., p. 32.

Latham refers to Watling’s two drawings of the White-
breasted Brahminy Kite, and as before appropriates his notes
without stating his authority. Thus: “A bird seemingly of this
last kind [Pondicherry Eagle] is found in New Holland, in which
the head, neck, and belly are pure white, without any streaks.”
On Watling’s plate Latham has written: “ Probably this should
be made a distinet species.” Watling’s note is as follows: “ The
stomach of the bird when taken was full of egg-shells.”

3. Ditto. This second picture of the Brahminy Kite has
the following note by Watling: “The Natives call this Bird
Girrenera. This hawk lives a good deal on Fish, which most of
that genus do that inhabit New South Wales, where there are
several varieties, the likeness of this kind is strongly imitated ”
[%.e. that he has made a good portrait of the bird. Latham had
evidently seen the pictures and notes of Watling when he wrote
the “ Supplement ” to the “ General Synopsis.”

4. Painting of an Elanus, with the following note by the
artist: “Natural size. The head of this drawing is rather too

'
110 Zoology.

large and long, the bill should be smaller and more rounded in
towards the breast. I had the bird alive three months, and fed
it on small birds and fish, &e.”

Nos. 5, 6. Two more paintings of an Elanus, one-half and
one-third natural size. “Native name Geo-ga-rack.” Latham
founds on this description his Axillary Falcon (Suppl. to Gen.
Synopsis, ii., p. 42). He says that it “inhabits New Holland,
but is not very common. The specimen from which the above
description was taken, was caught alive, and kept for ten months,
being fed with small birds, fish, &c.” This note is taken from
Watling’s MSS., but is not acknowledged. This pieture becomes
the type of Latham’s Axillary Falcon ( = Falco azillaris, Lath.,
Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. ix.).

7. Represents an Zlanus, which Latham, in his MS. list,
places as a variety of his Axillary Falcon, which is probably the
case.

8. Is also considered by Latham to be a variety of his Falco
azxillaris, but in reality it is a small figure of Haliaötus leucogaster
(Gm.). This latter name is founded on the White-bellied Eagle,
n. sp., of Latham (Gen. Syn., i., pt. i., p. 33*), where we read:
“This bird was brought to England in one of the last circum-
navigating ships, and is now in the Leverian Museum Its
native place is unknown.”

9. An Owl. This picture of Watling’s formed the subject of
Latham’s description of his—

Winking Falcon, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 53.
Falco connivens, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xii.
Ninox connivens (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 175.

Latham does not acknowledge the origin of his description,
merely adding : “ Inhabits New Holland, but no history annexed,
further than that it has wonderful faculty of contracting and
dilating the iris; and that the native name is ‘ Goora-a-Gang.’”

These notes he has copied from Watling’s MS., which,
however, gives the native name as “Goo-ree-a-gang.” He also
writes: “This Bird has a wonderfull power of contracting and
dilating the iris and pupil.” The picture is, therefore, the type
of Ninox connivens. x

10. “New Falcon.” On this picture is founded the description
of Latham’s Radiated Falcon, and the figure given by him is
adapted from Watling’s picture. Thus the latter becomes the
type of

* Of. Sharpe, Cat. B., i., p. 117.

Birds. En

Radiated Falcon, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 53, pl. exxi.
Falco radiatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xii.

Urospizias radiatus, Sharpe, Cat. B., i., p. 159.
Erythrotriorchis radiatus, Sharpe, Handl. B.,i., p. 254.

Watling has given the following MS. note :—“ This bird
measures from the top of the head to the end of the tail 22 in.,
and from the tip of one wing to the other 4 feet. Iris doubtful.
A new Falcon.”

ll. Another painting of the Radiated Falcon, to which is
attached the following note by Watling :—“ The skin of this bird
I found nailed up to a settler’s hut. It is the only one of the
kind ever seen. The drawing is a faithful copy. The settler who
shot it says the iris was brown, and remarked that he never saw
any bird fly with such swiftness. Its claws, which were long,
small, and sharp when he took it up, it drove quite through the
end of his fingers. A new Falcon. This bird measures from the
bill to the extremity of the tail twenty-four inches.” It will be
seen that Latham copied the notes, but did not say who had
written them.

12. A picture of a young Hobby and the type of Latham’s
Lunated Falcon, as follows :—

Lunated Falcon, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 54.
Falco lunatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xiii.

“]Inhabits New Holland, and was taken in March. Native
name @oo-roo-wang.” This native name is copied from Watling’s
MS., but I cannot find any record of the time of year when the
bird was shot.

13. Pacifie Falcon, Lath., Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 54.

Falco pacificus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xiii.

I am unable to identify the bird here figured. It has a white
head and neck. Upper surface dark brown, “blotched on the
back with dark spots, and marked on the belly (which is paler
than above and inclining to yellow) with black streaks. The tail
is long, even at the end, crossed with seven or eight black bars,
the quills also barred as the tail, with the ends black.” This is a
good description of the painting, but Icannot find any Australian
bird of prey which corresponds with it. Watling’s original note
is as follows :—“ This bird is not common in New South Wales.
The only one shot, though others have been seen of the same
kind.” The only species which it could possibly resemble might
be a young Falco hypoleucus, but our specimens in the Museum
do not favour the idea.

112 Zoology.

Nos. 14, 15. Fair Falcon, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 54.
Falco celarus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xiii.

These two figures seem to be undoubtedly intended for Astur
cinereus,* though in the “ Catalogue” I referred Latham’s “ Fair
Faleon” to A. novse hollandie. This must be a mistake, but the
figures are by no means a good representation of A. cinereus, over
which Latham’s name will take precedence, and the species must
be called Astur clarus (Lath.).

Nos. 16 and 17. Dark Falcon, Lath. MS. ; xd., Gen. Hist. B., i.,

p- 231 (1821).

There are now no pictures in the book corresponding to these
numbers, which are given in Latham’s MS. list.

No. 18. Ash-headed Falcon, Lath. MS. ; id., Gen. Hist. B., i.,

p. 219 (1821).

This is a good figure of Astur approximans, but does not seem
to have received a Latin name from Latham.

No. 19. Hooded Falcon, Latham MS.

This is Falco melanogenys, Gould. Latham does not seem to
have given a Latin name to the drawing. Watling’s MS. note
is: “ Half the natural size. It lives on small birds and fish, &e.”

No. 20. Lacteous Eagle, Lath. [MS.]; Gen. Hist. B., i.,

p. 216 (1821).

This is evidently Astur nove hollandize (Gm.), founded on the
New Holland White Eagle of Latham’s Gen. Synopsis, i., p. 40
(1781). The latter seems to have procured the description of
the bird from Dr. J. R. Forster. No specimen was in the
British Museum at the time. “ Name @o0-loo-bee ” (Watling.)

No. 21. New Holland Sparrow Hawk, Latham [MS.]; Gen.

Hist. B., i., p. 223. (1821).

“Same asNo. 22. Small Hawk. Two-thirds the natural size.”
This is a representation of an adult Aceipiter evrrhocephalus (V ieill.).

No. 22. New Holland Sparrow Hawk, Latham MS. “One-
third natural size. Native name @0o-roo-ing. It is not a very
common Hawk in New South Wales. A dark variety of the
New Holland Sparrow Hawk, No. 21.” The bird is really
Astur approximans.

No. 23. Barn Owl in Latham’s MS. list, but no figure now
in the book.

No. 24. Owl.

Boobook Owl, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 64.
Strix boobook, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xv.
Ninox boobook (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 168 (1875).

* (f. Sharpe, Cat. B., i., p. 117.

Birds. 1%

Watling’s note is: “ This bird is about the size of the common
English owl. Native name Boo-book.” The figure is the type
of the species, Latham’s name having been founded upon it.

No. 25. White-faced Owl, Latham [MS.] ; öd., Gen. Hist. B.,

i., p. 334 (1821).

This is Strix delicatula, Gould. Watling’s note : “ One-third
natural size. Native name Boo-book.”

No. 26. Hook-billed Shrike, var. A, of Latham, Gen. Syn.,

Suppl. ii., p. 70.
Lanius eurvirostris, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 72.

This is a Cractieus, and seems to be Ü. leucopterus, Gould.
It has, of course, nothing to do with Lanius curvirostris of
Linnzus, which is a Vanga from Madagascar. Watling’s note is:
“ Two-thirds natural size. Native name Karro-bee-rang.”

No. 27. Clouded Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 73.

Lanius torquatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xviii.

This figure is the type of Lanius torquatus, Lath., which has
generally been referred to Cracticus destructor.

Dr. Gadow considered the description of the Clouded Shrike
to be insufficient for recognition. There can, however, be no
doubt that the identification is correct, and L. torquatus
becomes a synonym of (. destructor, as was determined by
Gray, Cabanis, and other good ornithologists. Watling’s note:
“ This drawing is about the natural size.”

No. 28. Robust Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü.,
p. 74.

Lanius robustus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xviii.

This seems to me to be intended for Graucalus melanops
(Lath.), founded on the Black-faced Crow of Latham, Gen. Syn.,
Suppl. ii., p. 116. One of “ Lambert’s drawings ” is described by
him, and in his Supplement to the “Index Ornithologicus” he
gives it the name of Corvus melanops, having apparently forgotten
that he had described it previously from Watling’s Drawings
as Lanius robustus.. The name should therefore be Graucalus
robustus, though, as the two birds are described in the same work,
it may not be deemed expedient to enforce a priority of only
a few pages. Watling’s note is merely “natural size.”

No. 29. Erect Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 74.

Lanius erectus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xviii.

This looks like a black-headed Pachycephala, but it has a
pale yellowish bill, a white throat, greenish back, and pale yellow
under-surface. I have not been able to identify the species.

voL. IH. 1

114 Zoology.

No. 30. Yellow-bellied Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn.,Suppl. üi., p. 75.
Lanius flavigaster, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xix.

“Natural size. Native name Wee-bung. It is not a common
bird, and it drives all smaller birds from its neighbourhood ”
(Watling MS.). This looks like a yellow-bellied Pachycephala,
but it has no black pectoral collar, and I cannot identify the
figure with any known Australian species.

No. 31. Frontal Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 75.
Lanius frontatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xviii.
Faleunculus frontatus, Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 173.

Watling’s note : “One half the natural size. Not a common
bird. The tongue is a little bifid.”

No. 32. Frontal Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü., p. 75,

pl. 122.

Watling’s note: “Natural size. Supposed to be the male of
No.2. It is a rare bird, never seen but in the cold or winter
months. It is found near water, and often feeding on the seed
of reeds in marsh or wet grounds.”

No. 33. White-eared Shrike, Lath. [MS.]; Gen. Hist. B., ii.,

p- 76 (1822).

This drawing and the next are apparently meant for Faleun-
culus frontatus, but they are given a large white patch on the
ear-coverts instead of a double band of white above and below
the latter. The double band is correct, and no such bird as the
“ White-eared Shrike” has been found by me.

Watling’s note : “ Two-thirds the natural size. Native name
Tattanan.”

No. 34. White-eared Shrike, Lath. MS. [= No. 33].

Watling's note says only : “ Natural size.”

No. 35. Red-breasted or Blue-bellied Parrot, Lath., Gen.

Syn., i., pp. 212 and 213.
Psittacus hsematodus, Lath., Ind. Orn., i.,p. 87 (nec Linn.).
Trichoglossus novee hollandizse (Gm.), Salvad., Cat. B., xx.,
PT.

Watling’s note: “Native name Goevil. This Parrot has a
fine white tongue like the drawing No. 300 [= 36 of the volume],
Psittacus hsematodus var. ; called the Blue-bellied Parrot, see
Latham, Syn.”

Nos. 36 and 37. Two-thirds the natural size. Red-breasted
Parrot, Lath. Watling’s note: “ Native name is G@oo-veel.”

These three drawings are evidently intended for the same

species.

Birds. 115

No. 38. Nonpareil Parrot, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii,
p- 85.

Psitiacus eximius, Shaw, Nat. Mise., pl. 93 (1792); Lath.,
ind."Orn., Suppl., p. xxi.
Platycercus eximius (Shaw), Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 551.

No. 39, which, according to the list of plates, is another
figure of the Nonpareil Parrot, is missing, as is also No. 40,
which is said to be the same as No. 41.

No. 41. Small Parrakeet, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 88.

Psittacus pusillus, Shaw, in “ White’s Voyage to New South
Wales,” p. 262, pl. 48 (1790).
Glossopsittacus pusillus, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 71.

No. 42, given in the list as the Ground Parrot of Latham
(Pezoporus formosus, Lath.), is missing.

No. 43. Crimson-fronted Parrot, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi.,

p. 87.

Psittacus concinnus, Shaw, Nat. Misc., iüi., pl. 87 (1791).

Glossopsittacus concinnus, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 69.

No. 44. Red-shouldered Parrakeet, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

P230:

Psittacus discolor, Shaw, in White’s Voy. N.S.W., p. 263,
pl. 49 (1790).

Nanodes discolor, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 592.

The bird, according to Watling’s note, is of the “natural
size.”

Nos. 45 and 46. These plates are missing, but are given in
Latham’s MS. list as figures of the Pennantian Parrot of Latham,
Gen. Syn, Suppl.i; p. 61 (1787).

Psittacus elegans, Gm., Syst. Nat., i., p. 318 (1788).
Platycercus elegans, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 541.

No. 47. Turcoisine Parrot, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 89.
Psittacus pulchellus, Shaw, Nat. Misc., pl. 96 (1792).
Neophema pulchella, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 575.

Although Latham says that he described this Parraquet from
the drawings of Mr. Lambert, and apparently from a specimen in
the collection of General Davies, he makes use of Watling’s note,
which is as follows: “ The two centre tail feathers are entirely
green, the two next have a little yellow on the tips or points,
which increases in all the tail feathers, until the two outer ones
on each side are perfectly yellow ; from the centre or two green
feathers, the five others on each side regularly decrease in
length. This is a rare bird in N.>. Wales, is of short flight,

1,5%

116 Zoology.

never seen in more than pairs, and oftener seen on the ground
than perched on trees. The feathers of the head and shoulder
of the wing are of the most brilliant lightest azure. The
strongest quill feathers are equal as to clearness of colour, but of
a middling deep mazarine blue, tipped with black. The whole
of the bird’s colours are delightful, but these most especially
the best artist must ever despair of equalling. About a third
the natural size.”

No. 48. Scarlet and Green Parrot, a young female.

Aprosmictus ceyanopygius (Vieill.), Salvad., Cat. B., xx.,
p. 486.

No. 49. Scarlet and Green Parrot. Male.

In the “ General History of Birds,” vol. ii., p. 116, Latham
refers tothe native name “ Wellat” of Watling’s MS. note, which
reads :—“ Half the natural size. Native name Wellat.”

No. 50. Scarlet and Green Parrot, var. or young male.

No. 51. Scarlet and Green Parrot. Latham’s MS.

Watling’s note: “Female of No. 2. Half the natural size.
Native name Wellat.”

No. 52. Banksian Cockatoo, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 91-first.
Psittacus banksii, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 107 (1790).
Calyptorhynchus banksii, Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 109.

Latham’s description of this figure is as follows: “ The first
is black, except a large yellow patch under each eye, the base of
all but the two middle tail-feathers buff, dotted with black ; bill
and legs pale; not common.” He makes allusion to the
drawings from New Holland, and had evidently Watling’s
pictures in his mind. He appears to have founded his “ varieties”
of the Banksian Cockatoo on the same figures and notes of
Watling, who gives the following note: “From the tip of the
beak to the tip of the tail 2 feet 8 inches. Native name Karratt.
All the varieties of the black Cockatoos are so called ; this is the
most uncommon bird.”

No. 53. Banksian Cockatoo, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 92, no. 3.

Watling’s note: “Native name Karratt. ÖOne-fourth the
natural size.”

This figure is described by Latham : “ Thirdly, witkout the
yellow patch under the eye; but the black plumage sprinkled
with yellow dots; the tail erimson, barred with black, just as in
the Supplement to my ‘ Synopsis.’ ”

Birds. lalrı

No. 54. Banksian Cockatoo, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,
Bz2L (91), var. B.

The description given by Latham of this figure is as follows:
“This is 23 inches in length ; bill as in the last (lead colour),
the base of it hid in the feathers ; head, neck, and under parts
of the body dull brown, margined on the crown and nape
with olive; the body above, the wings and tail glossy black ; all
but the two middle feathers of the last crimson in the middle,
but not banded with black.”

Watling’s note: “The length of this bird from the top of
his head to the tip of his tail 2 feet 5 inches ; the extent of the
wings from tip to tip 4 feet. Native name Karrott. The
most common genus in New South Wales.”

No. 56. Banksian Cockatoo, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. iı.,

p- 92, no. 4.

Latham’s description of this figure is as follows : “ Fourthly,
the yellow patch under the eye composed of pale streaked
feathers ; side tail-feathers deep buff yellow, mottled with
brown ; fore part of the neck and breast marked with pale
yellow buff erescents.”

Watling’s note is: “Native name Karrott. A rare genus.
Half the size nature.”

No. 57. Seythrops novee hollandiz, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 141

(1790) ; Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 330.

Watling’s note: “The native name @oe-re-e-gang. This
singular bird is by no means numerous about us, even in the
months that it is seen, which are only three or four times in a
year. It generally makes its appearance in October, and is
seldom seen unless in the mornings and evenings; they are
sometimes seen seven or eight together but oftener in pairs ;
both on the wing and when perched they make a strange loud
screaming noise, not unlike that made by the common cock or
hen, when they perceive a hawk or any other bird of prey
hovering over them. Their errand to this part of New South
Wales seems to be merely for the purpose of pairing, building
their nests, and bringing forth their young, which when done
concludes their visit, and they migrate or depart to some other
quarter about January ; where they frequent the other part of
the year we know not. In the crop and gizzard of several which
I shot I found the seeds of the red gum and peppermint trees,
which I believe to be their principal food. The bill, which is
strong, horny, and pointed, is well adapted for breaking and

118 Zoology.

dividing the capsules, as is the tongue, which is small and
pointed, and of a hard cartilaginous substance, for picking out the
seeds. In some of their stomachs I found the capsule or peri-
carpium whole, which they not unfrequently swallow without
waiting to pick out the seeds. I have also found in their
stomachs the wings and legs of some kinds of beetles, but in a
quantity that bore no proportion to the capsule and seed already
spoken of. The bill (whose upper mandible is very pointed and
round or bent at the extremity lapping over the under) and legs
are of a lead colour, the former rather inclining to a brown ; the
toes are placed two forward and two behind, the two hind ones
opening so as to admit the two before to be placed between
them when the [bird] is sitting or perched on a limb or branch ef
a tree not too large for the toes to grasp or go round. The
bird from which this drawing is taken was a female with a
very distinet ovarium, but the eggs not formed. It measures
from the tip of the bill to the white extremity of the tail 2 feet,
and from the tip to tip of each wing exaetly the same. The tail
(which it sometimes displays like a fan) is not very short of the
length of the body, and gives it in flight or sitting a very
majestic appearance ; the legs are rather short for the size of
the bird (whole body is the size of & Crow), and partakes much
of the Parrot kind. The natives know very little about its
habits, haunts, ete., ete. However, they consider its appearance
an indication of wind and blowing weather, and that its frightful
scream is through fear, as it is not a bird of very active or quick
flight. Nothing in nature can be more fiery or fierce than the
uncommon clearness of the pupil eye. 1 had a wounded one
two days alive, but could not get it to eat; it bit everything
that approached it very severely.”

Latham has transferred this note into his account of the
Channel-bill in his “ General History ” (vol. üi., p. 300, pl. 32),
but he attributes the story of the wounded bird to “Mr. White.”

No. 58. Black-faced Crow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 116.

Corvus melanops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. 24.
Graucalus melanops, Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 30.

Watling’s note is as follows: “ Natural size. This is a bird
of prey ; the native name Kai-a-lora.” This figure is the type of
the species.

No..59. Velvet-faced Crow, Latham [MS.]; id., Gen. Hist.

B., iüi., p. 35 (1822).
Apparently taken from a specimen of Edoliüsoma tenuirostre

Dirds. 119

(Jard.), but not a very correct representation, as the black on the
head is more extended than in any of the Museum specimens.

No. 60. Variable Crow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 117.
Corvus versicolor, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxv.
Strepera euneicaudata (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 60.

This is certainly the same bird as Cracticus ceuneicaudatus of
Vieillot, 1810, so that Latham’s name versicolor takes precedence.
I have, by mistake, omitted Latham’s reference in the “ Catalogue
of Birds,” but G. R. Gray seems to have correctly identified the
species, of which Watling’s picture is the type.

His note is: “ This representation is about one-quarter the
size of the bird the drawing was taken from, and the only one
yet seen. Ihad the skin, therefore the iris is doubtful ; however,
the general likeness is very good.”

No. 61. Blue-and-white Crow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. iüi.,

ps llT.
Corvus eyanoleucus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxv.
Grallina picata (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iüi., p. 272 (1877).

Latham does not seem to have recognised these drawings as
representing his “ Pied Grakle” (Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 130),
since he gave a new name. The synonymy in the “ Catalogue of
Birds” is not complete, as I have omitted these references of
Latham’s.

Watling’s note is: “ One-half the natural size. Native name
Mur-re-gan.”

No. 62. Blue-and-white Crow, Lath.

Watling gives the following note: “Natural size. April.
Native name Karrook, a rare bird.”

No. 63. Black-and-white Crow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

pbl7.
Corvus melanoleucus, Lath., Ind. Orn. Suppl., p. xxv.

Watling’s note is: “ Half the natural size. May.”

Iam unable to identify this drawing satisfactorily. It is
evidently a black Strepera, which might be $. graculina, but it
does not quite agree with the specimens, as it is figured with a
white rump and white throat, which features are not to be found
in S. graculina.

No. 64. Pacific Roller, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 371.
Öoracias pacifica, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxv.
Eurystomus australis (Swaine.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii,

p- 36.
Watling’s note is as follows: “ Half the size of the bird was

120 Zoology.

taken from. It is a rare bird, the third only that we have seen ;
the colours are much too dull.

This drawing is the type of Eurystomus pacificus, which name
definitely takes precedence over the name of australis of Swain-
son. In the “Catalogue of Birds” I was not certain as to the
identity of Coracias pacıfica of Latham, owing, doubtless, to the
description having been taken from a drawing.

No. 65. Noisy Roller, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 121.

Ooracias strepera, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 173.
Strepera graculina (White), Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 57.

This drawing represents a black-and-white Strepera with
a yellow eye, and is undoubtedly taken from a specimen of
S. graculina.

The following note is given by Watling: “One half the
natural size. June.”

No. 66. Piping Roller, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl., p. 122.
Coracias tibicen, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxvii.
Gymnorhina tibicen, Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 91.

This figure is the type of Gymnorhina tibicen (Lath.). Wat-
ling’s note is: “ Natural size. Native name Jarra-won-nang.
This bird has a soft note not unlike the sound of a well-tuned
flute. It is a bird of prey.” Latham, as usual, has published the
original note, without acknowledgment, and has twisted it into
‘It preys often on small birds,” which is not what Watling
wrote.

No. 67. Southern Oriole, Latham MS.

= Green Grakle, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 129.
Gracula viridis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxviüi.
Oriolus viridis, Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 212.

Watling’s note: “ Half natural size.”

No. 68. White-naped Grakle, Lath. MS.

Another figure of Gymnorhina tibicen.

Watling’s note : “ Three-fourths of its natural size. Native
name Dar-rung-a. Gracula.”

No. 69. Green Grakle, Lath., Suppl. ii., p. 129. See No. 67.

A larger drawing of the Green Oriole (Oriolus viridis). Latham
does not seem to have recognised the identity of Nos. 67 and 69.-
Watling’s note says simply: “Natural size. A rare bird.”
Latham writes: “ Inhabits New Holland, where it is said to be
a rare bird.”

No. 70. Cinereous Grakle, Lath. [MS.]; :d., Gen. Hist. B.,

iii., p. 169 (1822).

Birds. 121

This is, in my opinion, the Harmonic Thrush of Latham, Gen.
Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 182 (= Turdus harmonicus, Lath., Ind. Orn.,
Suppl., p. xli.).*

Watling’s note is as follows: “ Natural size, from Port
Jackson. A kind of Thrush by its note.”

No. 71. Brown Grakle, Latham [MS.]; id., Gen. Hist. B.,

ii., p. 170 (1822).

= Megalurus eruralis, Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn.
Boc., XV., p. 228 (1826).

Oinclorhamphus eruralis, Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 498.

Watling’s note: “ This drawing is about one third the natural
size. New South Wales.”

No. 72. Blue-headed Cuckow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 137.
Cuculus eyanocephalus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxx.
Eudynamis eyanocephala, Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 324.

This drawing is the type of the species, and is a very good
representation of the Australian Koel. Watling’s note is: “ This
is the only bird hitherto found in the country of New South
Wales. Another of a similar form and magnitude but of a glossy
black colour was taken at the same time, but whether of a
different genus or the male and female of this species Mr. White
was not able to determine. In make and character it resembles
the Anomalous Hornbill ; the colour is more brown.” Latham
gives the substance of the above note, but gives credit for it to
Mr. Lambert.

No. 73. Pheasant Cuckow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 137.
Cuculus phasianus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxx.
Centropus phasianus, Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 340.

Again, this drawing is the type of the species. Watling’s
note: “One half the natural size. Native name Tem-minck.
The New South Wales Pheasant. The only one seen as yet.”

No. 74. Tippet Cuckow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 138.
Cuculus palliolatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxx.
Misocalius palliolatus, Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 279.

This drawing is the type of (uculus palliolatus o£ Latham.

Watling’s note: ‘“ One half the natural size. A rare bird.”

No. 75. Fan-tailed Cuckow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 138, pl. cxxvi.
Ouculus flabelliformis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxx.
Cacomantis flabelliformis, Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 266.

* (f. Sharpe, Cat. Birds, iii., p. 290.

122 Zoology.

Latham’s description and figure are both taken from
Watling’s drawings, but his plate represents the bird as of a deeper
red colour underneath than in Watling’s pieture, which may have
faded a little; the latter writer says that the figure was of the
“natural size.” It is the type of the species.

No. 76. Glossy Cuckow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 138.
Cuculus plagosus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxi.
Chaleococcyx plagosus, Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 297.

This is the type of C'halcococeyx plagosus of Latham, who says
that he is indebted to Mr. Lambert for some of the birds
described by him ; so that it may be that Latham, when he had
these drawings before him, had received them from Mr. Lambert.
It is curious that Watling’s name is not mentioned, as many of
the drawings bear his signature; nor is that of his employer,
Mr. James Lee.

Watling’s note: “The natural size. The yellow does not
appear so bright as in the bird, and what is very singular in this
bird it has two claws, before and behind the feet.”

No. 77. Great Brown Kingfisher, Lath., Gen. Syn., ii, p. 609.

Alcedo giyantea, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 245.
Dacelo gigas (Bodd.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 204.

Watling’s note is: “Two thirds the natural size. Native
name Goo-ge-na-gan.”

No. 78. Great Brown Kingfisher, Lath., Gen. Syn., ü., p. 609.

Another figure of Dacelo gigas, but with a more rufous tail
(i.e. female bird) and darker under-surface, the blue on the
wings indicated more plainly.

Watling’s note is: “This bird lives on insects, worms, etc.,
principally ; though sometimes seeds are found in its crop. It is
by no means numerous and very solitary ; still from its note,
which is that of a human loud and continued laugh, it might be
considered a cheerful bird. The natives call it Googanegang,
but with us it has the appelation of the Laughing Bird. None
of them have ever been observed pairing, nor has any of their
nests been found. The largest I have ever seen was the one from
which this drawing was taken—from the bill end to the tip of
the tail it measured 161 inches, and from tip to tip of the wings
1S inches. It is a bird of slow and short flight, and seems when
on the wings to have some difliculty to support its fore-part,
which regularly from the head and bill (which is large and
strong) to the tail decreases in size. The feet are of a lead
colour with black claws, and small in proportion to the size of the

Birds. 28:

bird. I have seen the feathers on the head form a more complete
crest than the drawing exhibits ; however, in other respects it is
a faithful copy. Native name Goo-ge-ne-gang, likewise this is
called the Laughing Jack Ass.”

No. 79. Sacred Kingfisher, variety.

Azure Kingfisher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 372.
Alcedo azurea, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxi.
Alcyone azurea, Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii, p. 168.

This is a very good figure of Alcyone azurea, and has nothing
to do with the Sacred Kingfisker, with which Latham attempts
to identify it. Watling gives no note to this figure.

No. 80. Collared Kingfisher, variety.

Haleyon sanctus (Vig. and Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii.,
p. 267.

A fairly good picture of H. sanctus, but not quite accurate, as
the artist has exaggerated the white nape-patch so as to form a
kind of collar.

Watling’s note: “ Natural size.”

No. 81. Orange-winged Nuthatch, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl.

ii., p. 146, pl. 127.
Sitta chrysoptera, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxii.
Sittella chrysoptera, Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 360.
Neositta chrysoptera, Sharpe, Handl. B., iv., p. 351 (1905).

This figure is the type of Sitta chrysoptera, and the figure in
Latham’s ““ Synopsis ” seems to have been copied from Watling’s
drawing.

Watling’s note is: “ Three fourths of its natural size. Native
name Mur-ri-gang. Very rare.”

No. 82. The same as No. 81.

Watling’s note: “ Two thirds the natural size. Under the
tail a fine white [patch], barred irregularly with black. A rare
bird.”

No. 83. Red-breasted Tody, Lath.,, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 147.
Todus rubecula, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxii.
Miyiagra rubecula, Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 573.

Watling gives the following note, much of which is transcribed
in Latham’s description: “ Almost the natural size. This little
bird has a bifid tongue. The points on each side the cleft are a
little divided or feathered. It is the second of the kind I have
seen in the course of six years’ residence in N. S. Wales. The
contour in general resemblance is good.”

124 Zoology.

No. 84. Variegated Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü.,
p. 155, pl. exxviii.
Merops ornatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxv. ; Sharpe,
Cat. B., xvii., p. 74.

Latham described this species from a specimen in the
collection of General Davies, but he mentions a figure as
being among “Mr. Lambert’s collection of drawings.” The
figure in Latham’s work is an impossible one, whereas Watling’s
figure is by no means bad. He gives the following note: “ The
same size as the bird this drawing was taken from ; the colours
are more brilliant. Native name Dee-weed-gang.”

No. 85 is said to be the same as 84, but the drawing appears
to be missing.

No. 86. Wattled Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 150.
Merops carunculatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., 1., p. 276.
Acanthochsera carunculata, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 269.

This drawing is mentioned by Latham (l.c.) as being in
Mr. Lambert’s collection, and he adopts Watling’s note, given
herewith, almost in its entirety: “Native name Goo-gwar-ruck,
which much resembles a word it is constantly chattering. Half
the natural size. This bird much frequents the sea shores,
where iv is pretty numerous. Itisa chattering bird, and lives
on insects and sucking honey from the different Banksias.
When other birds even larger than themselves and stronger
approaches them it drives them away.”

No. 87. Cowled Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 155.
Merops monachus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv.
Philemon corniculatus, Lath. ; Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 271.

In his list of Watling’s Plates, Latham identifies this figure
(87) as the Knob-fronted Bee-eater (= Merops corniculatus, Lath.,
Ind. Orn., i., p. 276), but in his note on the plate itself, he seems
to think that the two birds are the same, and this view is no
doubt correct.

Watling’s note is as follows: ‘“ About one third of the natural
size. This bird is generally found perching upon the topmost
boughs of the tall trees. Its food is insects and honey, which it
extracts from plants and flowering shrubs. The Paroquets hold
it in enmity, nor do they ever part before a severe combat.”

“It varies from the Knob-fronted [Bee-eater] in the sex
or age.”

No. 88. Cowled Bee-eater (juv.).

Watling’s note: “ Native name Wergan, ora Friar. January.

Birds. 105

Two thirds the natural size ; it is supposed to be a young bird.
It varies from the Knob-fronted | Bee-eater] in sex or size.”
No. 89. Golden-winged Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi.,
p. 153.
Merops chrysopterus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl. üi., p. xxxüi.
Mellivorous Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 166.
Acanthochzera mellivora (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 264.

The oldest name for A. mellivora appears to be A. chrysoptera
(Lath.), both being founded on Watling’s drawings. His notes
are quoted by Latham, as follows: “One half the natural size.
Called from our English people Querrick, from its note. Native
name Wad-de-ar-gal.”

No. 90. Golden-winged Bee-eater, Lath.

Watling’s note is: “Native name Goo-gwar-ruck. Natural
size; it lives on flies, insects, and sucking honey from the
Banksias, etc.”

“ This genus of Flycatcher are very numerous in N. S. Wales,
and seldom seen but near the seashore, especially about where
the natives resort. It is a most active lively bird, constantly in
action, either sucking honey, taking flies, or contending with
other birds. Two or three of these kind will rout a flock of the
Blue-bellied Parrots, a genus which they are often engaged
with.”

No. 91. Black-eared Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 153.
Merops auritus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv.

Watling’s note: “ Natural size.” This is a chestnut-coloured
bird, depieted with a brush-tipped tongue. Otherwise I should
have identified it as a (ünclosoma and probably intended for
O©. cinnamomeum. In view of the tongue, however, I consider
that the species cannot be properly identified.

No. 92. Black-and-yellow Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl.

ii., p. 154.
Merops phrygius, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv.
Meliphaga phrygia, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 221.

This is the type of Merops phrygius of Latham, who admits
that his description is taken from the “drawings of Mr.
Lambert.”

Watling’s note: “ Natural size.”

No. 93. Black-and-yellow Bee-eater.

The colour of the bird in this pieture has apparently very
much changed with time, but Latham seems to have had no

126 Zoology.

doubt of its identity with No. 92, and he must have examined
the drawing in its early days.

Watling’s note: “ About half the natural size. The light
tint round the eye is not plumage but a kind of fleshy exerescence,
resembling in substance the gills of a cock or hen.”

No. 94. Blue-cheeked Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 154.
Merops cyanops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv.
Entomyza eyanotis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 268.

Latham first described this bird as the Blue-eared Grakle
(Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 130), from a specimen in General Davies’
collection. He afterwards named it Gracula eyanotis (Ind. Orn.,
Suppl., p. xxix.).. He does not seem to have recognised that
his “ Blue-cheeked Bee-eater ” was the same bird, and therefore
Merops cyanops (Lath.) = Entomyza eyanotis (Lath.).

Watling’s note: “Two thirds the natural size. Native name
Der-ro-gang.”

No. 95. Blue-cheeked Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Supp!. ii.,

p. 154.

Watling’s note: “One half natural size.”

Black-headed Grakle, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.
p- 129.
Gracula melanocephala, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxviii.

No. 96. Chattering Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü.,
p. 154.

Merops garrulus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv.
Manorhina garrula, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 260.

The original description was taken from a specimen in General
Davies’ collection. Latham does not seem to have recognised
Watling’s drawings as belonging to the same species, and bestowed
a new name, cyanops, upon the bird.

Watling’s note: “One half the natural size. This chattering
bird often gives notice to the Kangaroo when the sportsmen are
after them. It is pretty numerous, and always at war with
others of the feathered kind. The yellow behind the eye is bare
of feathers, and has just the appearance of yellow Morocco
leather. The general likeness is good.”

No. 97. Chattering Bee-eater.

A full-sized picture of Myzantha garrula.

Watling’s note: “Natural size. The iris is doubtful. A
chattering bird and often prevents the sportsman from getting a
shot at the Potrigorang.”

Birds. BO

No. 98. New Holland Creeper, White, Journ. N. S. Wales,
pp. 186, 297, pls. 15, 65; Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,
p= 161.
Certhia novz hollandizx, Lath., Ind. Orn., i., p. 296.
Meliornis novse hollandie (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix.,
p. 259.

This figure is not the type of the species, the birds having
been figured by White.

Watling’s note: “Natural size. Native name Balgonera.
January.”

No. 99. Black-eyed Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi.,

p. 165.
Certhia melanops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvi.
Glyeiphila fulvifrons (Lewin), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 210.

This is the type of Certhia melanops of Latham, founded on
the “ Black-eyed Üreeper,” of which Dr. Gadow doubted the
identity. There need be no further question, however, on this
point, and the species must be called @lyciphila melanops (Lath.).

Watling’s note: “Natural size. A honey bird. A Fly-
catcher.”

No. 100. Black-eyed Creeper, variety.

Watling’s note: ‘““ Natural size. This bird has a whistling
note and lives on honey, ete.”

No. 101. Black-eyed Creeper.

Watling’s note : “ The same size as the bird the drawing was
taken from.”

No. 102. Slender-billed Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p 165, pl- exxix.
Certhia tenuirostris, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvi.
Acanthorhynchus tenwirostris, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 144.

This drawing is the type of A. tenwirostris (Lath.). Watling’s
note: ““ Natural size.”

No. 103. Slender-billed Creeper, female.

Watling’s note: “ Natural size. This bird lives on flies and
honey ; when flying it makes a singular noise as if the tips of the
wings were beat together under the bird’s belly. It hovers over
flowers and extracts honey with its brush tongue.”

No. 104. Mellivorous Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü

P=1100.5
Certhia mellivora, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii.
Acanthochsera mellivora, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 264.

* Of. fig. 89.

ie)

128 Zoology.

Watling’s note: “One-half the natural size. Native name
Goo-gwar-ruck.”

No. 105. Black-headed Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 167.
Certhia atricapilla, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii.

This figure is intended for the bird usually called Melithreptus
lanulatus (Shaw) ; cf. Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 204. Shaw’s name
is adopted by Dr. Gadow, but I cannot reconcile the des-
ceription given by Shaw (Gen. Zool., viii., p. 224, 1811)— with
the “back, wings, and tail cinnamon-brown ”— with any species
of Melithreptus. The name ought to have been dropped on this
account, but it matters no longer, as Latham’s name of atri-
capilla antedates Shaw’s name by ten years.

No. 106. Identified by Latham as his “ Black-headed Creeper,”
but it is a very poor representation, the back being brown, and
no sign of the white on the nape.

No. 107. Cochineal Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 167.
Certhia dibapha, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii.
Myzomela sanguinolenta (Lath.); Gadow, Cat. B., ix.,
p- xxxvil.

Watling’s note: “ The natural size.” (See No. 108.)

No. 108. Cochineal Creeper.

This is the type of Latham’s “Cochineal Creeper,” as is
further proved by his adoption, without acknowledgment, of
Watling’s note: “A rare bird, only seen in the spring.”

C. dibapha is a synonym of M. sanguinolenta (Lath.), but
Latham does not seem to have recognised the fact from the
drawings. 3

No. 109. Sanguineous Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi.,

p- 167, pl. e&x=
Oerthia sanguinolenta, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii.
Myzomela sanguinolenta, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 131.

This is the type of Latham’s “ Sanguineous Oreeper,” and I
believe the plate in the second “Supplement” to the ‘ General
Synopsis” to have been taken from Watling’s figure.

No. 110. Cxrulean Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p.169.
Certhia eserulescens, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxviii.
Zosterops cezerulescens, Sharpe, Cat. B., ix., p. 152.

This is evidently intended for a Zosterops, but the colours

are not very exact. The white eyelid is shown in Watling’s
drawing, which is of the “natural size.” Latham does not mention

\

Birds. 129

the white eyelid in his description, which, however, is manifestly
founded on Watling’s picture, which thus becomes the type of
Z. cserulescens (Lath.).
No. 111. Agile Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. iüi., p. 168.
Certhia agılis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxviii.

Latham’s name is not founded on this drawing, which I am
unable to identify. Dr. Gadow apparently did not know of the
name. The bird is depicted as grey above, white below, with a
brush-tongue. Watling says that the bird is of the “ natural size.”

No. 112. Yellow-winged Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 168.
Certhia pyrrhoptera, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii.
Meliornis australasiana (Shaw); Gadow, Cat. B., ix.,
p. 252.

“Watling’s note: “Natural size. The only one of the kind
ever shot. Itisa rare bird.”

There is no doubt that this drawing is the type of Latham’s
“ Yellow-winged Creeper,” and therefore his name of pyrrhoptera,
which Dr. Gadow doubted as belonging to M. australasiana of
Shaw, takes precedence over the latter name, which is founded on
“ LW’Heoro-Taire noir et blanc” of Vieillot. The species musi,
therefore, bear the name of Meliornis pyrrhoptera (Lath.), unless
this be considered inappropriate for a yellow-winged bird.

113. Yellow-winged Creeper.

Latham identifies this as the same as No. 112, but it looks
quite different, and has red on the quills, so that it is evident
that this suggested the name of pyrrhoptera. No black on the
neck or wing-coverts is shown, and I cannot identify the species,
which is evidently intended for a Honey-sucker, as the brush-
tongue is carefully indicated.

Watling’s note is: “ Natural size. A Flycatcher.”

No. 114. Hoary Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p- 168.

Oerthia canescens, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvii.

This is another brush-tongued bird of a grey colour, with a
light pinkish breast. I know of no Meliphagine bird to which
the name could be applied. Watling says that his drawing is of
the “natural size.”

No. 115. Yellow-eared Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p- 169.
Certhia chrysotis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxviii.

This figure represents Ptilotis lewini of Gadow’s “ Catalogue,”

VOL. II. K

130 Zoology.

ix., p. 229, and the latter species should, therefore, stand as
P. chrysotis (Lath.).

Watling’s note: “One half the natural size. This bird,
which is not very common in New South Wales, has one single
sweet whistling note. It is very shy and seldom seen, and, as
most small birds in this country, it has a feathered tongue for
the purpose of catching flies, ete., and sucking honey from the
flowers and plants on which most of them live.”

No. 116. Missing.

No. 117. Yellow-eared Creeper.

Latham has confused this figure with the foregoing. It
seems to have been drawn from a specimen of Ptilotis fusca of
Gould. This figure may have been taken from a bird in worn
plumage.

No. 118. Yellow-eared Creeper.

Here again Latham has confounded a very different species,
and there can be no doubt, I think, that the bird figured is
not Ptilotis chrysotis (M. 115), but is Sylıwa chrysops, Lath., Ind.
Orn., Suppl., p. liv. (Black-cheeked Warbler—not Honey-eater,
as Gadow quotes it—of Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 248).

Watling’s note is: “ Natural size. This bird has a pleasant
whistling note.”

No. 119. Yellow-eared Creeper.

This is also identified by Latham with the foregoing pictures,
but it is evidently meant for a small figure of P. lewin (=P.
chrysotis [ Lath. ]).

Watling’s note is: “Half the natural size. It is a very
lively bird, sucks honey out of the gum-tree flowers, and catches
flies, insects, etc.” "

No 120. Red-rumped Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü.,

p.. 169.
Certhia erythropygia, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxviii.
Myzomela sanguinolenta (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p.131.*

This figure represents a young bird, as the scarlet plumage
is very slightly indicated, and is evidently the same as the
Sanguineous Creeper.

Watling gives the figure as of the “natural size,” and says
that it is a “rare bird.”

No. 121. Black-eyed Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 181.

Turdus melanops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xl.
Ptilotis auricomis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 242.
* Of. figs. 107-109.

Birds. * 1:31

Watling’s note: “Natural size. The native name of this very
common bird in New South Wales is Dar-wang. It is a very
lively bird, and by us called the Yellow-eared Flycatcher. The
tongue is feathered at the tip for sucking honey, which it is very
fond of. It builds its nest on the pensile branch of some trees
or low shrubs, as I suppose, to avoid the opossum, flying squirrel,
lizards, guana, and birds and mice. The yellow at ears are
tufts of feathers longer than those on the other part of
the head.”

No. 122. Black-eyed Thrush.

This figure is the type of the “ Yellow-tufted Flycatcher” of
Latham (Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 215,= Museicapa auricomis, Lath.,
Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlix.). The species, therefore, must bear the
name of Ptilotis melanops (vide supra, No. 121).

Watling’s note: “Half the natural size. Native name
Dar-wang.”

No. 123. Doubtful Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 182.

Turdus dubius, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xl.
Sisura inquieta (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 407.

This is the type of the “ Doubtful Thrush,” which has been
correctly referred to $. inquieta by many writers. Watling’s
note: “ The same size as the bird the drawing was taken from.”

No. 124. Lunulated Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,p. 184.

Turdus lunulatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl.. p. xlii.
Geoeichla lunulata, Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p. 155.

The figure is taken from a bird which has apparently lost most
of its tail-feathers, so that it is impossible to state whether the
characters for the species are as stated by Mr. Seebohm (t.c.,
p. 149). Itisa good figure of an Oreoeichla, and is the type of
O. lunulata (Lath.). According to Watling’s note, it is of the
“ natural size.”

No. 125. Yellow-bellied Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p: 187.
Turdus melinus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliv.
Sericulus melinus, Sharpe, Cat. B., vi., p. 395.

“ Watling’s note: “Natural size. Sexual differences. May.”

The only bird for which this figure could be intended seems
to me to be Sphecotheres flaviventris, Gould, but this species has not
a red bill, and does not occur in New South Wales. At any rate,
the figure is not exact enough for me to recommend the supersession
of Gould’s name.

Watling’s figure is, of course, the type of Turdus melinus of

K2

132 Zoology.

Latham, a name universally applied to the Regent Bird (Sericulus).
This it certainly is not, and the name must be dropped, and the
latter species called Sericulus chrysocephalus (Lewin).

No. 126. Pale-cheeked Honey-eater, Lath. [MS.]; id., Gen.

Hist. B., iv., p. 167 (1822).
Manorhina melanophrys (Lath.) ; Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 259.

This is undoubtedly the same as No. 149 (vide infra), the
latter figure being the type of M. melanophrys (Lath.).

Watling’s note: “ Natural size. November.”

No. 127. Coach-Whip Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

Museicapa erepitans, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li.
Psophodes cerepitans, Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 350.

This is the type of Latham’s “ Coach-Whip Flycatcher.” He
annexes Watling’s paragraph on the note of the bird, but says
that the native name is “ Djow.”

Watling’s note is as follows : “One-half the natural size. Native
name Wan-nang. This bird, from a single note resembling the
crack of a coachman’s whip, is called the Coach-Whip Flycatcher.”

No. 128. White-cerowned Honey-eater, Lath. MS.; id., Gen.

Hist. B., iv., p. 169 (1822).
Meliornis australasiana (Shaw), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 252.

Watling’s note : “ Very numerous and common in New South
Wales. Native name Balganera. Half the size of nature.”

No. 129. White-naped Honey-eater, Lath. [MS.]; id., Gen.

Hist. B., iv., p. 168 (1822).
Melithreptus lunulatus (Shaw), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 204.

Watling’s drawing is of the “ natural size.”

No. 130. White-naped Hödney-eater, Lath. MS. (See No. 129.)

Watling’s note: “ Natural size. A male bird. December.”

No. 131. White-naped Honey-eater, Lath. MS. (See No. 129.)

Watling’s note: “Natural size. It is a lively little bird ;
frequently contends with small Parrots for flowers. March.”

No. 132. White-crowned Honey-eater, Lath. [MS.]; Gen.

Hist. B., iv., p. 169 (1822). (See No. 128.)
Blue-eared Grakle, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 130
(founded on a description given by General Davies).

Gracula cyanotis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxix.

Blue-cheeked Bee-eater, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,
p. 154.

Merops eyanops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxiv.

Blue-cheeked Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 184.

Birds. 133

Turdus eyanous [eyaneus], Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlii.
Entomyza cyanotis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 268.

A poor figure, but it can only be referred to E. cyanotis,
which Latham has described under several names.

Watling’s note: “Half the natural size. The yellow or
willow-green about the eye is entirely bare of feathers, resem-
bling much yellow morocco leather. The white on the vertex
forms a crescent, with its concave side towards the bill; the
dark feathers from which to the bill are very short and thin, and
of a deep lead colour. The belly and feathers of the tail about
the vent are white, except just under the lower mandible, where
they are of a deep lead colour for about 1} inches running down
the breast. It has only one shrill whistling note, which it is
constantly repeating. It hops like the Maspie, has a feathered
tongue, catches flies and insects of every kind, on which it
principally lives, and I am rather inclined to think sometimes
kills and eats small birds, from its attacking a Warbler I one day
put into the cage where I kept it for some time after being
wounded. This bird is very rare, and the only one seen.”

No. 133. Mustachoe Flycatcher, Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p- 221.
Muscicapa mystacea, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li.
Ptilotis auricomis, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 242 (vide supra,
no. 121).

Watling gives the following note: “Two thirds the natural
size. This bird is often seen contending with small Parroquets.”

No. 134. Black-cheeked Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p- 248.
Sylvia chrysops, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. liv.
Ptilotis chrysops, Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 236.

This is the type of Sylvia chrysops of Latham.

Watling’s note: “Half the natural size. It has a brush
tongue, and is a lively little bird; it lives a good deal on
honey.”

No. 135. The Flycatcher.

Watling’s note: “One third of the natural size. It has a
feathered tongue.” This is a brown bird, whitish underneath,
but I am unable to identify the species.

No. 136.

Watling’s note: “Half the natural size of the bird this
drawing was taken from.” This has received no name from
Latham, as in the case of the preceding. I cannot identify the

134 Zoology.

species, the figure not having the bill of a Honey-eater, though it
is represented with a brush-tongue.

No. 137.

Watling’s note: “ Honey-eater. Natural size.”

No. 138.

Watling’s note: “ Honey-eater. Natural size.”

The two figures, 137, 138, represent some small species of
Passerine bird, but I have not been able to identify them.

139. Dirigang Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 166.
Oerthia leucophza, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xxxvi.
Olimacteris scandens (Temm.), Gadow, Cat. B., viil.,

p. 337.

This figure is the type of Latham’s “ Dirigang Oreeper,” and
Dr. Gadow has wrongly identified the species. The bird which
he calls Climacteris scandens of Temminck is the true (©. leucophzea
(Latham), and ©. leucophea, Gadow (Cat., p. 336), nec Latham,
should stand as (. pieumnus, Temm. [Cf. Hellmayr, Tierr.,
18. Lief., Parid®, etc., p. 224 (1903).] Mr. Hellmayr rightly
points out that Strickland and others were wrong in assigning
Latham’s name of leucophaea to ©. picumnus, but he did not
succeed in identifying Latham’s description, and places his
Certhia leucophea among the doubtful species of Meliphaga.

Watling’s note: “ Half the natural size. Native name Deri-
gong. A small Woodpecker of New South Wales.”

No. 40 (no. 1). Black-breasted Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn.,

Suppl. ii., p. 222.
Muscicapa pectoralis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li.
Pachycephala gutturalis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., viil.,
p. 192. {

Latham writes: “ This species is found at New South Wales,
in April.” The figure is the type of M. pectoralis of Latham,
which, in striet priority, takes precedence of his Turdus gutturalis,
and the species should be known as Pachycephala pectoralis
(Lath.).

Watling’s note: “ Natural size. April.”

No. 140 (no. 2). Guttural Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 182.
Turdus gutturalis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xli.
Pachycephala gutturalis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., vüi.,
P1922

Latham says: “Inhabits New Holland; not unfrequently

seen at Port Jackson in the winter months.” Watling’s note is:

Birds. 135

“Natural size. The yellow is much brighter than the bird
supposed to be a female of no. 1, and a very rare bird, never seen
before in the cold or winter months.”

No. 141. Prasine Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 183.
Turdus prasinus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xli.
Pachycephala gutturalis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., viii.,

p. 192.

This figure is probably intended to represent a young male of
P. gutturalis. The dark spot under the eye, mentioned by
Latham, is the first indication of the approach to the adult
plumage of the male.

Watling’s note : “ Natural size. December.”

No. 142. Appears to be the same bird in slightly different

plumage and placed in another position.

Watling’s note: “The natural size of the bird this drawing
was taken from. December.”

No. 143. Volatile Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p- 183.
Turdus volitans, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xli.
Sisura inquieta (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 407.

This figure represents the same bird to which Latham has
applied the names of “ Restless Thrush,” “ Doubtful Thrush,” and
“ Flycatching Thrush.”

No. 144. Brown-crowned Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 184.
Turdus tenebrosus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlii.
Artamus sordidus (Lath.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 19.

This figure represents the young of the Sordid Thrush,
Turdus sordidus, Lath. Asthe name appears on an earlier
page than T. sordidus, it must take precedence, and the species
must be called Artamus tenebrosus (Lath.).

Watling says that the figure is the natural size.

No. 145. Blue-cheeked Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 184.

Turdus cyanous [ceyaneus], Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl.,
pad.

Enntomyza eyanotis (Lath.) ; Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 268.

Watling’s note: “ Two thirds the natural size. The blue part
round the eyes is bare of feathers and resembles a soft silky
leather.”

No. 146. Blue-cheeked Thrush.

A larger figure of the same bird.

136 Zoology.

Watling’s note: “ The natural size. This rare and curious
bird has a singular whistling note. It is often seen pursuing
smaller birds.. The general likeness is good and is a strong
copy.”

No. 147. Sooty Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 185.

Turdus fuliginosus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlii.

This name is not quoted by Mr. Seebohm, but there can be
no doubt but that it is the Norfolk Island Thrush (= the Ash-
headed Thrush of Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,p. 373). In this
volume of Watling’s drawings there are pictures of mammals
and birds from Norfolk Island, showing that he had been there.
The name of Merula poliocephala (Gould) must give way to that
of M. fuliginosa (Lath.).

No. 148. Blue-headed Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 185.
Turdus cyanocephalus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliü.

It is diflieult to say what this figure is intended to represent.
I know of no bird from New South Wales anything like it.

Watling’s note: “ Natural size. It isan uncommon bird. We
know nothing of its habits, ete.”

No. 149. Black-browed Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 185.
Turdus melanophrys, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlii.
Manorhina melanophrys, Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 259.

This drawing is the type of Latham’s description of the Black-
browed Thrush, Manorhina melanophrys (Lath.).

Watling’s note: “The tongue is short and very brushy.
Native name Dill-ring.”

No. 150. Flycatching Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p- 185.
Turdus musticola, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliüi.
Sizura inquieta (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 407.

This species has been described by Latham four times under
different names.

Watling’s note: “One half the natural size. Native name
Barra Well-Well.”

No. 151. Maxillary Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü.,

p- 186.
Turdus mazillaris, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliii.
Sphecotheres maxillaris (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 224.

Watling’s note: “The natural size of the bird the drawing

was taken from. December.”

nn

Birds. 137

No. 152. Sordid Thrush, Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi.,
p. 186.
Turdus sordidus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliii.
Artamus sordidus, Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 19.
This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Sordid
. Thrush, Artamus sordidus (Lath.).
Watling’s note: “ Natural size. Native name Goo-le-bee.”
No. 153. Frivolous Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,
p. 186.
Turdus frivolus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliii.
Pomatorhinus temporalis (Vig. and Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B.,
viil., p. #18.

This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the
Frivolous Thrush. The species should in future bear the name
of Pomatorhinus frivolus (Lath.).

Watling says that his figure is of the natural size.

The white tips to tail feathers are not given in the figure,
as they were in P. temporalis, but there is no doubt as to the
species.

No. 154. Short-winged Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi.,

p- 187.
Turdus brachypterus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xliii.
Sphenura brachyptera, Sharpe, Cat B., vii., p. 104.

This drawing is the type on which Latham founded his
description of the Short-winged Thrush, Sphenura brachyptera
(Lath.).

Watling’s note: “Natural size. This is a ground bird with
very small wings and very short flight.”

No. 155. Variable Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 250.

Pipra versicolora, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lvi.
? Chaleococeyz plagosus (Lath.), Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 297.

Watling gives the following note: “ Almost the natural
size. This bird is of very short flight ; its food moths, flies, and
other insects. The largest interior feathers of the tail are of a
dark stone colour barred with white.”

No. 156. Bearded Thrush, Lath. [MS.]; id., Gen. Hist. B., v.,

p- 129 (1822).
? Ptilotis cassidix (Jard.), Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 243.

Watling’s note: “Natural size. December.”

Nov. 157. Grey-headed Thrush, Lath. [MS.] ; id., Gen. Hist. B.,

v.Pp-113:(1822).
= Harmonie Thrush, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 182,

138 Zoology.

Turdus harmonicus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xli.
Collyriocincla harmonica (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 290.

Watling’s note: “ This is a solitary bird. It has a melodious

note not unlike a Thrush, but it does not warble.”

No. 158. Thrush.

Watling’s note: “ Natural size.”

No. 159. Thrush.

Watling’s note: “ One third of the natural size.’

No. 160. Thrush.

Watling’s note: “Natural size. Native name @oo-lang-a-ga.”

No. 161. Thrush.

Watling’s note: “Natural size. A ground bird and of very

short flight.”

No. 162. Thrush.

Watling’s note: “ Natural size.”

No. 164. Black-lined Grosbeak, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.
Lozxia bella, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlvi.

Zonzeginthus bellus, Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 293.

This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Black-

lined Grosbeak, Zonzginthus bellus (Lath.).

Watling’s note: “Native name Wee-bong. Natural size, the

only one yet seen. May.”

No. 163. Nitid Grosbeak, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. iüi., p. 198,

pl! exxzi.
Loxia nitida, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlvii.
Zonzeginthus bellus (Lath.).

This figure is the type on which Latham based his description

of the Nitid Grosbeak. It = Zonzginthus bellus (Lath.).

Watling’s note: “ Natural size. June.”

No. 165. White-headed Finch, Female, Lath., Gen. Syn.,

Suppl. ii., p. 210.
Fringilla leucocephala, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlviii.
Staganophura guttata (Shaw), Sharpe, Cat. B., xii.,
p. 292,

Watling says: “ Two thirds of the natural size.”

No. 166. Temporal Finch, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 211.
Fringilla temporalis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. xlviii.
Zgintha temporalis (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 372.

This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Temporal

Finch, Zgintha temporalis (Lath.).

Watling says the “Native name is @oo-lung-ag-ga. Itis a

very common bird in New South Wales, easily domesticated, and

Dirds. 139

of a lively disposition even when in a cage, and in a day or two
it is easily reconciled.”

Latham says : “Several drawings of birds probably allied to
this have come under our observation. In one of them the bill
is crimson, a broad streak of the same over the eye, and the rump
and vent crimson also ; the crown rather full of feathers ; the whole
of the upper parts of the plumage and tail, beneath greenish white,
with a slight reddish tinge on the breast ; tail short. In another
the bill was pale red, the streak over the eye and rump crimson ;
tail short as in the other; the plumage above greenish brown,
beneath cinereous white.

“For these I am indebted to the drawings of General Davies,
and in those of Mr. Lambert I have remarked a third, in which
the upper parts were green, the under greenish white ; bill, streak
over the eye, and rump crimson ; but differed from the others in
having the tail much longer.”

All these said to inhabit New South Wales.

No. 167. Temporal Finch.

Watling writes: “One third larger than the natural size.”

No. 168. Temporal Finch.

Watling says that the drawing is “ natural size,” and gives
the native name as Deroo-gnan.

No. 169. Red-bellied Flycatcher.

Petroca leggei, Sharpe, Cat. B., Brit. Mus., iv., p. 165.

Nos. 170 and 171. ? Petreeca multicolor.

No. 172. ? Petraca rosea.

Nos. 1698, 1739, 1749. Petraca leggei.

No. 175. Southern Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. iüi.,

pP: 219
Museicapa australis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. 1.
No. 176. Rufous-fronted Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn.,
Suppl. ii.,p. 220.
Muscicapa rufifrons, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. 1.
Rhipidura rufifrons (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 319.

This and the following figure are the types of Latham’s
description of the Rufous-fronted Flycatcher.

Watling gives the following note : “ One-half the natural size.
This bird is of very short flight and found among brush, rotten
wood, and long grass.”

Latham says: “ Inhabits New South Wales, where it is known
by the name of Burril: has hitherto only been met with in
November.”

140 Zoology.

No. 177. Rufous-fronted Flycatcher.

Watling gives the following note: “Natural size. Native

name Burril. November.”

No. 179. Crimson-bellied Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn.,

Suppl. ii., p. 221.
Muscicapa coceinigastra, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. 1.

Watling says: “Natural size. The only one of this kind

yet seen.”

Latham writes : “ Inhabits New South Wales: specimens of

this species are scarce.”

No. 180. Black-cheeked Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl.ii.,

p. 221.
Muscicapa barbata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. I.
Sericornis eitreogularis (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 302.
This figure is the type on which Latham based his description
of the Black-cheeked Flycatcher (Muscicapa barbata). The species
will, therefore, in future have to take the name of Sericornis
barbata (Lath.).

Watling gives the figure as of natural size and the month

of July.

No. 182. Grey Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 223.
Muscicapa flavigastra, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li.
Eopsaltria australis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 176.

Watling gives the figure as: “ Natural size.”

No. 183. Rose-breasted Flycatcher, Lath, Gen. Syn.,

Suppl. ii., p. 223.
Muscicapa rhodogastra, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li.
Petreeca multicolor (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 168.
This figure is evidently a dräwing of the female of P. multi-
color, the male being represented on plate No. 170.

Watling says: “ This bird is from Norfolk Island,” and gives

the figure as of “ Natural size.”

No. 184. Soft-tailed Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p- 224, ex Shaw.
Museicapa malachura, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li.
Stipiturus malacrurus (Shaw), Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 100.

Watling gives the figure as: “Natural size, and the native

name Mur-re-a-nera.”

No. 185. Soft-tailed Flycatcher, Lath. (Female).

Watling says: “ This the natural size. The bird is of a very

short flight, seldom exceeding an hundred yards at most. It is
so feeble and delicate as to be run down with the utmost ease.

Dirds. 141

Native name Mereangeree. From a resemblance of the feathers
of the tail (when in flight seems too heavy for the body) to those
of the Casuary in New South Wales, and denominated the Emu,
or Casuary Titmouse.”
No. 186. Soft-tailed Flycatcher, Lath. (Male).
No. 187. Orange-rumped Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn.,
Suppl. ii., p. 225. f
Museicapa melanocephala, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. li.
Malurus melanocephalus (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 296.
This figure, which is the type of Latham’s description of the
Örange-rumped Flycatcher, is a young male of Malurus melano-
cephalus (Lath.).
Watling says the figure is the “natural size.”
No. 188. Orange-backed Flycatcher, Lath. MS.
= Orange-rumped Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn.,
Suppl.ii., p. 225.
This figure represents the adult male of Malurus melano-
cephalus, fig. 187.
Watling says: “Qu. if not the other sex of the Orange-
rumped. See drawing 187. Natural size. Native name (?).”
No. 189. Scarlet-breasted Flycatcher, Lath. MS.
Petroeca phoenicea (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 166.
Watling’s note: “Half the natural size. Native name
Karreet. This domestie little bird frequents fields and gardens,
as does the Robin in England, and it is called the Robin of New
South Wales and Norfolk Island, where it is still more numerous
than in New South Wales. This is a male; the female’s breast is
of a much paler colour, and the back, head and tail, instead of
being nearly black, is a brown.”
No. 190. Pied Flycatcher, Lath. MS. ; id., Gen. Hist. B., vi.,
p. 207 (1823).
= Petroca bicolor (Vig. and Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv.,
p- 1173.
This drawing must have been intended for P. bicolor, though
it is not a correct figure.
Watling’s note : “ Half the natural size.”
No. 191. Barred-tailed Flycatcher, Lath. MS. ; id., Gen. Hist.
B., vi., p. 221 (1823).
Watling says: ‘“ The wings are too small for the body. It is
found in the grass and a bird of short flight. Natural size.”
No. 192. New Holland Lark, Lath. MS.; id., Gen. Hist,
B., vi., p. 307 (1823).
? Anthus australis(Vig.and Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B.,x.,p.615.

142 Zooloyy.

Watling says the figure is two thirds the natural size and

gives the name of New South Wales Lark.

No. 193. New Holland Lark, Male, Lath. MS. (See No. 192.)
Anthus australis (Vig. and Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B., x.,

p- 615.
Watling gives the following note: “Natural size. It is the
Lark of New South Wales. Only seen in the winter.”

No. 194. New Holland Wagtail, Lath. MS.

Rhipidura albiscapa (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv.,
p. 310.

Watling gives the following note: “Natural size. It has the

air and actions of a Wastail.”

No. 196. Streaked Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 247.
Sylvia sagittata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. liv.
Chthonicola sagittata (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 290.
This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Streaked
Warbler.

Watling gives the following note: “ Natural size. This bird

sings remarkably well.”

No. 197. Streaked Warbler, Lath.

Watling’s note is as follows: “Female. Natural size.

March.”

No. 198. Streaked Warbler, Female, Lath.

Watling says that his figure is one half the natural size.

No. 200. Chaste Warbler, Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 249.
Sylvia casta, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv.
Watling says the figure is th® natural size.
No. 201. White-tailed Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi.,
p- 249.
Sylvia leucophza, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv.
Mierwca faseinans (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 123.
Watling says: “One half the natural size. This little bird
follows the gardeners and workmen, picking up worms, ete. It
is very familiar.”

No. 202. Ruddy Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 249.
Sylvia rubricata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv.
Cacomantis flabelliformis (Lath.), Shelley, Cat. B., xix.,

p- 266.
No. 203. Ruddy Warbler, Female, Lath., Gen. Syn.,
Suppl. ii., p. 249.
Sylvia rubricata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv.

Dirds. 143

Eopsaltria australis (Lath.), Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 176.
Watling gives the following note : “ Native name T’hadagnan.
The almost natural size. This is a very common domestie bird
not unlike the Robins in Europe.”
No. 204. Swallow Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü
p- 250.
Sylvia hirundinacea, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv.
Diczeum hirundinaceum (Shaw and Nodder), Sharpe, Cat.
Br, =.„p.l9:
No. 205. Swallow Warbler, Lath.
Watling gives the following note: “ The natural size. This is
a scarce bird and well resembled, and the only one we have yet
seen ; the blue feathers on this bird are of a beautiful changeable
blue.”
No. 206. Crimson-breasted Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn.,
Suppl. ii., p. 250.
Sylvia rubrieollis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lv.
Watling gives the following note: “ Native name Bood-dang.
Natural size.”
No. 207. Crimson-breasted Warbler, Lath.
Watling says: “ Natural size.”
No. 208. Bonnet Warbler, Lath. MS. ; id., Gen. Hist. B., vii.,
p. 135 (1823).
Watling says the figure is of the “natural size,” and that it
is “a rare bird.”
No. 209. Ciliary Warbler, Lath. MS. ; öd., Gen. Hist. B., vii.,
p. 111 (1823).
Zosterops cserulescens (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., ix., p. 152.
Watling gives the following note: “One half the natural
size. This little bird is the only one of the kind ever seen ; the
white round the ciliary process of the eye is eomposed of the
most beautiful small white feathers. The pride and vanity of
the draughtsman has induced him to put his name to all the
drawings, but should you publish them I think the name may be
left out.”
No. 210. Ciliary Warbler, Lath. MS. (See No. 209.)
Watling’s note: “Three fourths of the natural size. The
iris is doubtful.”
No. 211. Speckled Manakin, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 253.
Pipra punctata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl. p. Ivi.
Pardalotus punctatus (Shaw and Nodder), Sharpe, Cat. B.,

xp 98

“I

144 Zoology.

No. 212. New Holland Manakin, M. and L., Suppl. ii., p. 253.
Pardalotus punctatus (Shaw and Nodder), Sharpe, Cat. B.,
XP: 56.

Watling’s note: “ Half the natural size. Allied or female to
Speckled Manakin.”

No. 213. Variety of the New Holland Manakin, Lath. MS.

No. 214. Cxrulean Manakin, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü.,

p- 254.
Natural size.
No. 215. Black-eared Manakin, Lath. MS.; :d., Gen. Hist.
B., vii., p. 242 (1823).
Natural size.
No. 216. Needle-tailed Swallow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi.,
p- 259.
Hirundo caudacuta, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lvii.
Chzetura caudacuta (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 472.

This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Needle-
tailed Swallow.

Watling gives the following note: “This bird, about half the
natural size, seems to possess, in a great measure, the qualities of
a Swallow. Its motions are amazing quick, eager of its prey,
which it seizes with the rapidity of lightning. Its favourite
food is a large locust, which at this season is plentiful. It is
strongly pounced (as a bird of prey), and has a broad flat bill—
the tail quills armed with spikes as sharp as a needle.”

No. 217. New Holland Swallow, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 259.
Hirundo pacifica, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lviii.
Micropus pacificus (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 448.

This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the New
Holland Swallow.

Watling says: “ This the supposed female of No. 1.”

No. 218. New Holland Goatsucker, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl.

ii., p. 261.
/Egotheles novse hollandize (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi.,
p- 651.
No. 219. Banded Goatsucker, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,
p- 262.
Caprimulgus vittatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lvüi.,
pl. 136.
ZEgotheles novs hollandie (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi.,
p. 651.

Birds. 145

Watling says : “ Two thirds the natural size. Musquito Hawk.
July.”
No. 220. Strigoid Goatsucker, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,
p. 262.
Caprimulgus strigoides, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl. ii., p. lviii.
Podargus strigoides (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 631.
This drawing is the type of Latham’s description of the
Strigoid Goatsucker.

Watling says the “native name is Birreagal,” and the figure

is “one half the natural size. July.”

No. 221. Great-headed Goatsucker, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl.

il., p. 263.
Caprimulgus megacephalus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lviii.
Podargus strigoides (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 631.
No. 222. Gracile Goatsucker, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,
p. 263.
Caprimulgus gracilis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Iviii.
Podargus strigoides (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 631.

Watling says the “native name is Poo-book. Half the natural

size. An excellent likeness.”

No. 223. Bristled Goatsucker, Lath. MS.; id., Gen. Hist.

B., vii., p. 342 (1823).
ZEgotheles novs hollandix (Lath.), Hartert, Cat. B., xvi.,
p- 651.

Watling says: “ Natural size, the same as the bird the drawing

was taken from. March.”

No. 225. White-faced Pigeon, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi.,

p. 268.
Columba melanoleuca, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lix.
Leucosareia picata (Lath.), Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 607.
Watling says: “One-half the natural size. Native name
Go-ad-gony. Dec., 1792.”

No. 226. Pale Pigeon, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 270.
Oolumba pallida, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. 1x.
Lopholzemus antarctieus (Shaw), Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 235.

Cf. Hartert, Nov. Zool., xii., p. 217 (1905).

Although this figure is very incorrect, I am inclined to think

that it is intended for Lopholsemus antarcticus.

Watling says: “ About one fourth the natural size. New

South Wales.”

No. 227. New Holland Quail, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl.ii.,p. 283.
Perdix australis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixii.

VOLZII. L

146 Zoology.

Synecus australis (Lath.), Grant, Cat. B., xxii., p. 247.
This drawing is the type on which Latham founded his
description of the New Holland Quail.
Watling gives the following note: “Natural size. July. It
flies like a Quail, and in its habits much resembles that bird.”
No. 228. New Holland Jabiru, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,
pp. 294 and 295, pl. exxxviil.
Myeteria australis, Lath. Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixiv.
Xenorhynchus asiaticus (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi.,
p. 310.
Watling says: “In height 5:73.”
No. 230. New Holland Crane.
Antigone australasiana (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxili.,
p- 265.
No. 231. Caledonian Night-Heron, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii.,
pt. i., p. 55 [male].
Nyeticorax caledonicus (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 158.
No. 232. Caledonian Night-Heron [female].
No. 234. The Bittern, a variety.
Botaurus peeiloptilus (Wagl.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi.,
p. 258.
No. 235. White-bellied Heron, Latham MS. ; :d., Gen. Hist.
B., ix., p. 101 (1824).
Ardetta pusilla (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 234.
This figure no doubt is intended to represent the young of
Ardetta pusilla.
Watling says: “This bird frequents marshes. It is a rare
bird.”
No. 236. Little Bittern, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii,
p- 301.
Ardetta pusilla (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 234.
Latham appears to have noticed that the Australian bird
was different from the European, as he writes on this drawing as
follows: “ A variety of Little Bittern if not new. See drawing
above, No. 237.”
Watling gives the following note: “Half the natural size.
Native name Go-ning-nah.”
No. 237. Little Bittern, variety, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,
p. 301.
Ardetta pusilla (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 234.
Watling gives the following note: “December. Half the
natural size of the bird the drawing was taken from ; the neck is

Birds. 147

longer, but this is his general attitude. Native name Duralia ;
found in marshes or moist ground.

No. 238. Pacific Heron, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 305.

Ardea pacifica, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixv.
Notophoyx pacifica (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B.,, xxvi.,
p- rl.

This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Pacific
Heron, Notophoyz pacifica (Lath.).

No. 239. Common Curlew, variety, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii.,

pt. i., p. 120.
Numenius cyanopus (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 350.

Watling gives the following note: “Near the natural size of
the English Curlew ; the native name @aarlarr-re-bing.”

No. 240. New Holland Curlew, Latham MS.

Limosa nove zealandie (Gray), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,
P> 347:
Watling says: “One fifth the natural size.”
No. 241. New Holland Snype, Lath., Gen. Sen., Suppl. ii.,
p- 310.
Scolepax australis, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixv.
Gallinago australis (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 652.
Watling says: “ Half the natural size.”
No. 242. Wattled Sandpiper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,
p- 313.
Tringa lobata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixv.
Lobivanellus lobatus (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,p. 139.

Watling gives the following note: “ Three quarters of the
natural size. It is a rare bird, sometimes, though seldom, to be
met with on the flats going to Parramatta. Native name
Kalloonagh.”

No. 243. Wattled Sandpiper, Lath. (See No. 242.)

Watling gives the native name as “ Ban-ne-re-ra.”

No. 244. Brown-eared Sandpiper, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p- 314.
Tringa aurita, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixvi.
Heteropygia acuminata (Horsf.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,
p- 566.

Watling gives the following note: “ Two thirds of the natural
size. This bird frequents the sea shore and moist places, but are
by no means numerous.”

No. 245. Grisled Plover, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 320.

Charadrius griseus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixvii.
L 2

148 Zoology.

Charadrius dominieus (P. L. S. Müll.), Sharpe, Cat. B.,
xxiy., pP. 19D.

Watling says : “One half its natural size. It was shot on

the sea-shore.”

No. 246. High-legged Plover, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p. 319.
Charadrius grallarius, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixvi.
Burhinus grallarius (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 18.

Watling says: “ This bird measured thirty inches.”

No. 247. Sanderling, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 315.
Calidris arenaria (Linn.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 526.

Watling says: “A kind of Sand or Shore Lark, not very

numerous. Native name Waddergal.”
No. 249. Crescent Plover, Lath. MS.
Erythrogonys cinetus (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,
p. 125.

Watling gives the following note: “ Half the natural size ; the

only one of the kind ever seen at Port Jackson.”

No. 250. Orescent Plover, Lath. MS. [See no. 249.]
Erythrogonys einctus (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B.,xxxiv.,p. 125.

No. 251. Great-billed Plover, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,p. 319.
Charadrius magnirostris, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixvi.
Burhinus grallarius (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 18.

Watling gives the native name as Woal-Woo-a.

No. 252. Bridled Plover, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 320.
Charadrius frzenatus, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixvii.
Burhinus grallarius (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 18.

Watling says: “One third of the natural size.”

No. 253. Brown Plover, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 320.
? Limonites ruficollis (Pall.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 545.

Watling gives the following note: “One fifth the natural

size. This is a water bird, though put on a perch.”

No. 254. New Holland Oyster-catcher, Lath. MS.
H:ematopus longirostris (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,

p. 112.
Watling says : “ Seldom seen in more than pairs. It is a very

solitary bird. Native name Booming.”
No. 255. New Holland Öyster-catcher (variety of the Pied
Oyster-catcher), Lath. MS.; id., Gen. Hist. B., ix,
p. 359 (1824).

Hsematopus longirostris (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,

p. 112.

Birds. 149

This figure is taken from a young bird.

Watling gives the following note: “ This is a recluse and
solitary bird, being never found in more than pairs. It has but
one simple plaintive tone which it never varies. The drawing is
about one fourth the natural size. This appears a variety of the
Red Bill, which is the common name it goes by here, or it is a
young one, full plumage, for most others have had the legs as red
as the bill. It frequents the sea shores and lives on spawn and
young fish, both shell and others, which gives the flesh a fat, of
which it has a great share. It is a strong fish of an oily flavour ;
both the flesh and fat are very high coloured, particularly the
latter, which is mostly red and very abundant, as before noticed.
It is naked or bare of feathers one third up the thigh, its toes are
more fleshy and thick than sea-birds’ in general, and are a little
way connected by a web or membrane in so much that they may
be called palmated. Native name Boo-aning or Boo-ming.”

No. 256. Blue-necked Rail, variety, Lath. MS.; id., Gen.

Hist. B., ix., p. 377 (1824).
Porzana palustris (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 109.

Watling gives the following note: “The natural size. The
spur or hook near the pinion cannot in common be seen, but in
the drawing it is separated from the feathers where they can
conceal it.”

No. 257. Dark Rail, Lath. MS.; id., Gen. Hist. B., ix., p. 378

(1824).
Tabuan Rail, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii., part i., p. 235.
Porzana tabuensis (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii.,p. 111.

Although Latham had himself described the “ Tabuan Rail,”
he apparently did not recognise this figure, which is evidently
intended to represent the same species.

Watling says: “A bird of Norfolk Island. Natural size.
December.”

No. 258. White Gallinule, complete, Lath., Gen. Syn.,

Suppl. üi., p. 327.
Notornis alba (White), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 208.

Watling’s note is as follows: “One third its natural size.
This bird is of Howe Island, and when young was entirely black,
from that to bluish-grey, and from that to an entire white. This
bird feeds itself with its feet like a Parrot.”

No. 259. Three changes of the White Gallinule.

Watling’s note is as follows: “ Three stages of this bird taken
at Lord Howe’s Island before it arrives at maturity.”

150 Zoology.

No. 260. Black-jointed Gallinule, Lath. MS. ; id. Gen. Hist.
B., ix., p. 427 (1824).1
Porphyrio melanonotus (Temm.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xxii.,
p- 205.

Watling gives the following note: “Native name @oo-la-
war-ring. Reduced by scale to half the size of the bird the
drawing from. August. A rare bird ; frequents swamps.”

No. 261. Black-jointed Gallinule, Lath. MS.

Watling says : “One third the natural size. November.”

No. 263. New Holland Grebe, Lath. [MS.], Gen. Hist., x.,

p- 33.
Podicipes novse hollandise (Stephens, ex Lath.), Grant,
Cat-B, zxvi., P. 919.

On this figure Latham founded his description of the New
Holland Grebe (Podieipes novze hollandise). Stephens gave the
Latin title, from Latham’s description.

Watling says: “One fifth of the natural size. Native name
Mag-a-ger.”

No. 265. American Avocet, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii., part i.,

p- 295 (part).
Recurvirostra nova hollandize (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B.,
xxiv., P. 339.

Watling says: “22 inches from the extremities. This bird
is found along the shores of the sea coast.”

No. 266. American Avocet, Lath.

Watling says: “ Native name Antiquatich.”

No. 267. American Avocet, Lath.

Watling’s note : “The natural size. This is a rare bird ; only
been seen on some lagoons. A speties of the Avocetta.”

No. 269. White Albatross, Lath.

Watling says: “ The bird this drawing was taken from was
caught some distance from the entrance to Port Jackson
at sea.”

No. 270. Crested Tern, Lath.

Watling’s note : “ One fifth of its natural size. The female.”

No. 270. Caspian Tern, var. B, Lath., Gen. Syn., iüi., pt. ii,

p. 351 (1785).

Crested Tern, Lath., Gen. Hist., B., x., p. 101.

Sterna cristata, Stephens, Gen. Zool., Aves, xiüi., pt. i.,
p. 146 (1826).

Sterna bergii (Licht.), Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 89.

This drawing is the type of Latham’s description of the

Birds. 151

Crested Tern, which, according to Mr. Howard Saunders, is
synonymous with 8. bergei, Licht.

Watling says : “ One fifth of its natural size. A female.”

No. 271. Caspian Tern, variety B, Lath.

Sterna bergü (Licht.), Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 89.

Watling says: “One fifth of its natural size. A male. It
lives on small fish. Native name G@er-ra-ger-ra.”

No. 272. Caspian Tern, Lath.

Watling says: “ Half the natural size of the bird which this
drawing was taken from.”

No. 273. Greater Tern, Lath.

Watling says: “Half the natural size, and seldom see but
one in the hottest summer weather.”

No. 274. New Holland Tern, Lath. [MS.], Gen. Hist. B., x.,
p. 103,

Sterna bergti (Licht.), Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 89.

This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the New
Holland Tern and Sterna novse hollandiz, Stephens, which =
8. bergü according to Mr. Howard Saunders.

Watling’s note: “This almost half the natural size, and a
pretty good resemblance, with this exception—only the bill not
Just so much bent.”

No. 275. Pacific Gull, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. 332.
Larus pacificus, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. Ixviii.
Gabianus pacificus (Lath.), Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 297.

This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the Pacific
Gull, Gabianus pacificus (Lath.).

Watling says: “Native name Troo-gad-dill.”

No. 276. Pacific Gull, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 332.

Watling says: “ Half the natural size. A large grey Gull.”

No. 277. New Holland Crimson-billed Gull, Lath. [MS.],

Gen. Hist., B., x., p. 145.
Larus nov& hollandize (Stephens), Saunders, Cat. B., Brit.
Mus., xxv., p. 235.

This figure is the type of Latham’s description of the New
Holland Crimson-billed Gull, on which Stephens founded the
name of Larus novee hollandise.

Watling says: “ Reduced by scale to half the size of the bira
which the drawing was taken from.”

No. 278. New Holland Crimson-billed Gull, Lath. MS.

Watling says : “ One-sixth of the natural size.”

No. 279. New Holland Crimson-billed Gull, Lath. MS.

LIBRARY
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

152 Zoology.

Watling says: “Natural size. April. Native name Ton-na-
rang. Not a very common bird in New South Wales.”

No. 280. Norfolk Island Petrel, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p- 334.
Pufinus chlororhynchus (Less.), Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,
p- 372.

This figure is, in my opinion, intended to represent Pufinus
chlororhynchus, Less., to which it bears a very strong resemblance.
If I am correct in this supposition, the “ Norfolk Island Petrel”
of Latham cannot be referred to the (Estrelata neglecta (Schl.)
as has been suggested in the Catalogue of Birds (xxv., p. 412).

Watling writes: “Norfolk Island Petrel or the Mutton bird,
in full feather.”

No. 281. Norfolk Island or Fuliginous Petrel, Lath., Gen

Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 334.

This is the figure of a young bird of the same species as
No. 280.

Watling says: “Norfolk Island Petrel or Mutton bird, in
second or middle state.”

No. 282. Fuliginous Petrel, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ü.,

p. 334.
Puffinus tenuirostris (Temm.), Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 388.

This figure, which in general appearance is darker than Nos.
280 and 231, with dark bill and feet, Iam inclined to think is
intended for Pufinus tenuirostris (Temm.).

Watling says: “A Norfolk Island bird.”

No. 283. Black Swan, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. üi., p. 343.

Anas atrata, Lath., Ind. Orn., ii., p. 834.
Chenopsis atrata (Lath.), Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p. 41.

Watling says: “The Black Swan, the size of an English
swan. Native name Mulgo.”

No. 284. Black and White Goose, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl.

ii., p. 344.
Anas melanoleuca, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii., p. lxix.
Anseranus semipalmata (Lath.), Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii.,
p- 44.

Watling says: “This bird is about the size of a goose.
Native name Bur-ra-yen-ne.”

No. 285. Hawksbury Duck, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii,

p- 958.
Anas jubata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. Ixix.
Chenonetta jubata (Lath.), Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p. 140.

Birds. 153

Watling says: “ This species of Duck is found at Hawksbury;
sometimes perching.”

No. 286. Hawksbury Duck, Lath.

Watling writes: “Half the natural size. This is the only
Duck of this kind ever seen. May.”

No. 288. Semipalmated Duck, Lath., Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii.,

p- 347, pl. cxxxix.
Anas semipalmata, Lath., Ind. Orn., Suppl., p. lxix.
Anseranus semipalmata (Lath.), Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii.,
p- 44.

Watling says: “This bird is about the size of our native
Wild Goose. They are generally found in flocks and sometimes
perching upon high trees. It has been observed by the man
who sometimes shoots these birds that, in opening some of them,
but not all, the wind-pipe formed several beautiful circum-
volutions on the breast under the skin before it entered the
thorax. An oflicer lately has opened one and confirms the truth
of the sportsman’s observations. It is called by us the New
South Wales Goose, Palmated, instead of being web-footed,
because its manner as well as taste and flavour resembles that
bird more than any other. The contour or general likeness is
here very well observed. I have been informed that at times
their note is tuneful and melodious, which appears probable from
the conformation of the wind-pipe, if that singular ecirecumstance
is true. I have now a man out attending a pond where they
most frequent, in hopes of getting one for dissection. They have
only lately been observed and shot, principally on a pond near
the Hawksburgh River. January 2nd, 1794. Native name
Now-al-gang.”

No. 291. New Holland Penguin, Lath. [MS.], Gen. Hist., B.,

x., P. 388.

Spheniscus nov& hollandiz, Stephens, in Shaw’s Gen. Zool.,
x31., pt. 1., P- 68.

Eudyptila minor (Forster), Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 646.

This drawing is the type of Latham’s description of the New
Holland Penguin, on which Stephens founded the name Spheniscus
novze hollandise. Both of these names will now become synonyms
of Eudyptila minor (Forster). Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, when writing
the “Catalogue of Birds,” was unable to identify the New
Holland Penguin from Latham’s description. (COf. Cat. B., xxvi.,
p- 625, note.) Watling says: ‘“ Native name G@ur-roo-mul. One-
fifth of the natural size ; the only one yet seen in Port Jackson.”

154 Zoology.

No. 292. New Holland Pelecan, Lath., Gen. Hist., B., x.,

p- 402.
[White Pelecan, variety, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii., part 2,

p- 575.]
Pelecanus australis, Stephens, Gen. Zool., xii., pt. i.,

p. 13;
Pelecanus conspicillatus (Temm.), Grant, Cat. B., xxvi.,

p. 483.

Although reference is given on the plate to Latham’s Gen.
Syn., iii., p. 575, Latham must have noticed that it was a new
species, as he gives a description in his “General History of
Birds,” and quotes the native name, which is on the plate.
Watling says: “ Native name Karr-ang-a-ba.”

No. 293. [Lesser Gannet, variety, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii.,

part 2, p. 611.]

Lesser Gannet, Lath., Gen. Hist., B., x., p. 437.

Sula candida, Stephens, Gen. Zool., xiii., pt. i., p. 103
(1826).

Sula serrator, Gray, ‘“Erebus and Terror,” Birds, p. 19
(1845) ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 428.

Watling says : ““ One-fourth the size of nature. Native name
Doo-ro-dang.”

Latham in his “General History of Birds,” x., p. 438, writes:
“The Lesser Gannet is also found in New Holland, and called
by the natives Doo-ro-dang.”

No. 294. [Young Tropic-bird.]

New Holland Tropic Bird, Lath., Gen. Hist., B., x.,
p- 448.

Phaeton melanorhynchos, Stephens, Gen. Zool., xii., pt. i.,
p. 127.

Phaeton rubricauda (Bodd.), Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 451.

Watling says: “ From the extremity of the bill to the tail is
eighteen inches.”

No. 295. Red-tailed Tropic-bird, Lath., Gen. Syn., üi., part 2,

p- 614, pl. ev.
Phaeton rubricauda (Bodd.), Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 451.

Watling says: “ This bird is from the tip of the bill to the
rump eighteen inches, and from the rump to the end of the tail-
feathers eighteen inches.”

Birds. 155

After the date of Latham’s “ Synopsis,” the Trustees began
to issue descriptive guides to the collections under their
charge.

A “Synopsis of the Contents of the British Museum” was
published as a sort of guide-book to the collections; it was
printed by Cox and Baylıs, of 75, Great Queen Street, but
appears to have been an official publication of the Trustees.
Many editions were issued, of which the one printed in 1808
is the earliest which we possess in the General Library of the
Natural History Museum.

This little “ Synopsis ” tells how Sir Hans Sloane’s Museum
and Library (which, he says in his will, had cost him £50,000)
were offered, at his death in 1753, to the British Government,
who had the first refusal of the collections, for £20,000. An
Act of Parliament was passed in that year sanctioning the
purchase, and vesting the property of the Museum in Trustees,
for the use of the public. A table of contents of the Sloane
Museum, given in this little work, is intended to afford some
ideas of the extent of the purchase, but the exact numbers
are not absolutely guaranteed. There were, however, stated to
be 50,000 volumes of books, MSS., and prints, and 23,000 coins
and medals; the “Quadrupeds and their parts,” 8186; the
“ Birds and their parts, eggs and nests,” 1172, ete.

In addition to the Cottonian Library, and other purchases
and bequests, the Harleian Manuscripts were also bought, the
Trustees assuming the management of these priceless treasures of
the nation, and the title of the Brırısu MusEum was bestowed
upon the National Collection, while a Lottery was authorised by
Parliament, in order to raise the funds for their recent purchases,
to secure & home for the collections, and to provide for the
permanent support of the establishment. £95,194 8s. Id. was
the sum brought in by the Lottery.

The history of the Museum, as given in the “Synopsis,” is
continued :—

“The first act of these Trustees was to provide a proper
building for the reception of the ample collections confided to
their care ; and after various proposals, they at length fixed upon
the noble mansion, built about the year 1680 by Ralph, first
Duke of Montague, who, being at that time Ambassador at
Paris, sent over French artists for erecting and adorning the
edifice he had in contemplation. This palace, together with its

156 . Zoology.

gardens and appurtenances, oceupying in the whole an area of
seven acres and twenty perches of land, was ceded by the
representatives of the Montague family for the moderate sum of
£10,000.”

“ The necessary repairs (which, the house having stood long
empty, proved very expensive) were immediately proceeded
upon; and the proper book-cases and cabinets having been
completed, and the collections removed thither and properly
distributed and arranged, the Museum was at length opened for
study and public inspection, on the 15th of January, 1759.
Besides the £20,000 paid for the Sloanean, and the £10,000 for
the Harleian Collections, and £10,000 for Montague House, the
sum of £28,663 1lös. was laid out in the purchase of £30,000
Three per cent. Reduced Annuities, and appropriated to the
maintenance of the establishment; and the remaining
£26,531 3s. 2d. raised by the Lottery scarcely sufliced to defray
the expenses of repairs, cases, furniture, removing the collections,
and various other incidental charges.”

From such small beginnings did the great Zoological Depart-
ment develop into its present position.

A history of Montague House is to be found in Timbs’
“Romance of London.” The original house was burnt down in
January 1686. The second house was variously described as a
“mansion” and as a “ palace.” It must have been splendidly
built to have borne the weight of some of the exhibits, such as
fossils, meteorites, ete., on the upper floors. The “Synopsis” of
1808 gives us some idea of the building, which was surrounded
by gardens and a high wall; and a pieture, with plans of the
various rooms, is to be found in Edwards’ “ Lives of the Founders
of the British Museum,” &vo, 1870. When the present British
Museum replaced Old Montague House, in 1845, the gardens
were done away with and the outer wall abolished, being
replaced by the iron railings and the smooth lawns of the
present day.

In the old days the procedure of those visiting the Museum
was as follows :—

“On entering the gate of the Museum a spacious quadrangle
presents itself, with an Ionic colonnade on the south side, and the
main building on the north [it measured 216 feet in length and
57 in height to the top of the cornice]; the two wings being
allotted for the dwellings of the ofücers. The architect, Peter

Birds. 157

Puget, a native of Marseilles, and an artist of the first eminence
in his time, was sent over from Paris by Ralph, first Duke of
Montague, for the sole purpose of constructing this splendid
mansion.”

The ground-floor consisted of twelve rooms, and was devoted
to the Library of Printed Books, to which “strangers were not
admitted, as the mere sight of the outside of books cannot
convey either instruction or amusement.”

“The companies, on being admitted, according to the
regulations,” says the “Synopsis” of the year 1808, “are
immediately conducted up the great staircase, the decorations of
which have been lately restored. The paintings on the ceiling,
representing Phaeton petitioning Apollo for leave to drive his
chariot, are by Charles de la Fosse, who in his time was deemed
ene of the best colourists of the French school, and of whom
there are many valuable performances in France, amongst which
are the paintings on the cupola of the dome of the Invalides,
which are ranked among the admiranda of Paris. The land-
scapes and architectural decorations are by James Rousseau,
whose particular skill in perspective has at all times been held
in high estimation.”

““ From the great staircase strangers are conducted into the
first room of the upper storey, containing a miscellaneous collec-
tion of modern works of art, from all parts of the world. The
ceiling of this room, representing the Fall of Phaeton, is painted
by La Fosse.”

On this upper floor were twelve rooms (see “ Synopsis,” p. 4).

Room I. was devoted to modern works of art. Room LI. was
“empty” in the year 1808, its contents having been removed
into other apartments upon the transfer of the collections of
Antiquities into the new building.

Rooms III., IV., V., VI., and VII. were occupied by the
collections of Manuscripts.

The Saloon seems to have been unutilized for exhibition-cases
at that time, but it must have been a fine room. We read in the
same “ Synopsis” (p. 15) :—“ The dome of this grand apartment
was painted by the above-mentioned La Fosse. It has generally
been described as representing the Apotheosis of Iris; Walpole,
in his “ Anecdotes of Painting,” deviates still further from
the truth by naming the subject the Apotheosis of Isis; but
the most probable conjecture is that the painter meant it to
exhibit the birth of Minerva, that goddess fully attired being the

158 Zoology.

most prominent figure. Jupiter is immediately above her ; and
about him are three female figures with stars over their heads,
administering to him, one of them pouring nectar, or some
healing ointment, upon his head. On one side of Minerva is
Vulcan, and elose to him Cupid with an axe in his hand ; on the
other side is Mercury, seemingly starting to announce the happy
tidings on earth. The other heathen divinities surround this
group in admiration of the event; and in a lower compartment
opposite the chimney are the Vices expelled from heaven on the
manifestation of Wisdom. In the six medallions near the
corners of the room are figured some of the principal achieve-
ments of Minerva. In the first, over the door of the MS.
Department, she is assisting Perseus in cutting off the head of
Medusa ; in the second she, with some of the Muses, presides
over harmony; in No. 3 she kills a lion (an emblem of her
valour) ; in No. 4 she assists Jupiter in fighting the Titans; in
No. 5 she contends with Neptune about the naming of Athens ;
and in No. 6 is figured the fable of Arachne metamorphosed by
her into a spider. Between these medallions are groups of
winged boys, emblematically alluding to their several employ-
ments, to arts, sciences, commerce, and war.

“The landscapes and architectural decorations are by the
same J. Rousseau who painted in the staircase ; and the garlands
of flowers are by John Baptist Monoyer, the most eminent flower
painter of his time.”

Over the chimney is a full-length portrait of King George II.
by Shackleton, and in the middle stands a table, composed of a
variety of lavas from Mount Vesuvius, presented by the Earl of
Exeter.

Room VIII. contained the Mineral collections, Room IX. the
Petrifactions and Shells, Room X. Vegetable productions and
Zoophytes, with Insects, Shells, ete., many being spirit specimens.
The Birds were to be found in Room XI., disposed, so far as
convenience would admit, according to the Linn&an mode of
arrangement, viz., into six great divisions or orders, the separa-
tions of which were marked by white lines between each. Some
birds, however, on account of the large size of the cases in which
they were contained, could not conveniently be stationed in their
proper orders, and were therefore disposed on the upper part of
the general divisions.

The Birds were classified under the headings of Aceipitres,
Pics, Anseres, Gralle, Galline, and Passeres. Those selected

Birds. 159

for particular notice were a young Adjutant, which was
described as “a young Hazgil, or Giant Crane, from India, which,
when full grown, is by far the largest of all the Heron tribe” ;
other birds were the “ Argus Pheasant, from Sumatra, the Black
or Crested Curasso-bird, the Shining African Thrush, the Long-
shafted Goatsucker from Sierra Leone, etc.”

“Some birds, on account of their inconvenient size, could not
be admitted into the general assortment. Of these the most
remarkable is the Cassowary, an Indian bird which some ornitho-
logists place among the Gralls, others among the Galline, and
others in a particular division distinet from both.”

The following interesting account of the painting of the Dodo
follows on p. 47 :——“ We must not omit a curious pivture, executed
- long ago in Holland, of that extremely rare and curious bird the
Dodo, belonging to the tribe Galline, and a native of the island
of Bourbon. The picture was taken from a living specimen,
brought into Holland, soon after the discovery of the passage to
the East Indies by the Cape of Good Hope, by the Portuguese.
It was once the property of Sir Hans Sloane, and afterwards of
the celebrated ornithologist George Edwards, who presented it to
the British Museum.” It is undated, but is probably one of
several painted by Roelandt Savery between 1626 and 1678.
(Of. Newton, Dict. B., pp. 157, 158.)

There were two table-cases in this Room XI., one containing
nests, *“amongst the most curious of which are several hanging-
nests, chiefly formed by birds of the Oriole tribe ; nests of a
small species of Asiatic Swallow, resembling isinglass in substance,
and considered as a great delicacy by the Chinese, who use it in
preparing a rich soup called bird-nest soup ; two nests of a small
bird called the Taylor-bird, composed of leaves sewed together ;
bills of various rare birds, of which the most remarkable are
several kinds of Rhinoceros-birds’ bills, quills, feathers of the great
South American vulture called the Condor, a leg of a Dodo, in a
glass.” (Cf. Newton, l.c.)

On the second table were deposited a variety of eggs and
nests, among them those of the Östrich, Cassowary, Crocodile, etc.
Mammals were in “cases between the windows,” the Black
Ourang Outang in a young state, the Chestnut Ourang Outang,
in a young state, a long-tailed Macauco, ete. “Im other parts of
the room were to be found the ‘Sea Otter, the Musk, from
Thibet,’ the ‘Vampyre, or Great South American Bat,’ the
‘Platypus anatinus, or Duck-bill’ (by some called Ornithorhynchus

160 Zoology.

paradoxus), from New Holland, the most singular of all quad-
rupeds, a large Antelope, etc.”

Room XII. was the spirit-room of the time, with “ Fishes,
Serpents, Lizards, Frogs, ete., as well as many specimens of Quad-
rupeds, preserved in spirits.”

The edition of the “Synopsis” published in 1813 follows the
plan of the earlier 1808 edition, and the arrangement seems to
have differed but very slightly during the five years which had
elapsed. The Ground Floor was still given up to the Printed
Books, and on the Upper Floor Room II. was “ appropriated to
the use of readers,” as well as Rooms III. and IV., which con-
tained Manuscripts, as did Rooms V., VI. and VII. The Saloon
still remained unoccupied, but was to receive the Mineral collec-
tions; and the contents of Rooms VIII., IX., X., XI., were the
same as in 1808, with nothing particular added to the collection
of Birds.

Two years later (ed. 1815) only the second Room on the
Upper Floor was assigned for the use of readers, but the Greville
Collection and the rest of the minerals had now been transferred
to the great Saloon. Room IX. still held the collection of Shells,
but the Birds were now housed in Room X., and the account
of the cases was given more fully than before. Thus we read
(p. 59) :—“ The Birds are arranged after the system of Linnzus.
The most interesting part of the collection of Birds, serving to
exhibit the general arrangement of the animals of that class, are
contained in cases round the room.”

Nos. 1-4. “ Aceipitres, rapacious birds or birds of prey,”
amongst them being “a singular variety of the Pondicherry
Eagle,” etc., and the Californian Vulture. This was the type of
Vultur californianus of Shaw, who was Keeper of the Zoological
Department at the time. This specimen is extant in the
Museum to-day.

Nos. 5 and 6. The upper shelf contained the Horned Owls, etc. ;
second shelf: the Spotted Shrike, the Black and Yellow Shrike,
with other birds of that genus; third shelf: Thrushes and Orioles,
amongst which the Yellow-erowned Thrush, the Spendent [i.e.
Splendent] Thrush and the Black-crested Oriole are the most
remarkable. The lower shelf: the Cape Coly, Nutcracker Crow,
Cornish Chough, etc.

No. 7. Upper shelf: The Sanguineous Paradise Bird, Abys-
sinian Hornbill ; second shelf: various species of Grosbeaks and
Sparrows ; third shelf: Warblers, Flycatchers, and Larks; fourth

Birds. 161

shelf: Swallows and Goatsuckers, amongst which that rare
species, the Sierra Leone Goatsucker, is the most eurious.

No. 8. Upper shelf: Toucans, the Smooth-billed Pogonius,
Barbets ; second shelf : White-bellied Coucal, Variegated Coucal,
Lathamian Coucal, Cuckoos ; third shelf: Woodpeckers ; fourth
shelf: Woodpeckers, Kingfishers, and Jacamars.

No. 9 contains the Columbine birds or Pidgeons, the most
conspicuous of which are the Crowned Pidgeon and the Green
Pidgeon of Africa.

Nos. 10 and 11. Upper shelf: Small African Bustard, Argus
Pheasant ; second shelf: the Ring Pheasant ; third shelf: varie-
ties of the Common Pheasant, the tail of an unknown species [!] ;
lower shelf : the Pencil and Golden Pheasants, the Jungle Cock
of India, which some have supposed to be the original stock from
whence our domestic fowls have sprung.

Nos. 12 and 13. Upper shelf: Horned Screamer, Wood
Grouse, etc. ; following shelves: various species of Partridges,
Grouse and Quails, amongst which the Lineated Partridge, the
Streaked Partridge, the Tufted Quail, and the Crowned Quail are
the most interesting. On the lower shelf is likewise a specimen
of the Pintado, from Africa, in its wild state.

Nos. 14 and 15. The Adjutant Crane, Tiger Bittern, Night
Heron, Boatbill, Tufted Umber, and the White and Rose-coloured
Spoonbills, etc.

Nos. 16 and 17. Upper shelf: Scarlet Curlew, the common
African Curlew, etc. ; second shelf: Long-legged Plover, Scarlet
Flamingo, ete.; third shelf: African Snipe, varieties of the Ruff,
a Ruff in its young state, and the Reeve, which is its female, etc. ;
lower shelf: Spur-winged Jacana, American and common Avoset,
etc.

Nos. 18 and 19. Upper shelf: Great Northern Diver, several
varieties of Darters, ete.; second shelf: Etherial Tropic-bird,
Terns, ete. ; third shelf: Ducks, amongst them the Lobated Duck
from New Holland is the most remarkable ; lower shelf:: different
species of Merganser.

“No. 20 contains some curious nests and eggs of birds; the
Soup-nests, formed by two species of Swallow; the nest of the
Taylor-Bird, ete.; in the lowermost division is deposited the
supposed leg of the Dodo, etc.”

The remaining cases, Nos. 21 to 58, were devoted to the
Invertebrata (Shells, Crabs, etc.).

Such was the report on the collection of Birds in 1815. We

VOL. II. M

162 Zoology.

learn also from the same guide-book or “ Synopsis” that the
ornithological series, consisting chiefly of the Sloanean specimens,
was “insensibly becoming retrograde in its comparative value ;
in order to supply the former of these deficiencies, the Trustees
being, in the year 1769, informed that a large collection of stuffed
Birds, in uncommon preservation, had been brought over from
Holland by a person of the name of Greenwood, who, having for
a time exhibited them to the public, became desirous to dispose
of them at a reasonable price, they readily availed themselves of
the opportunity and purchased the whole for the sum of £460.
Many additions were afterwards made by purchases and donations ;
and the aggregate soon formed, not indeed a complete, but an exten-
sive and curious a collection as any perhaps at that time extant.”

It will be noted by the ornithologist who knows anything of
the commencement of the Bird-collection in the British Museum,
that no particular mention is made in the foregoing account
of any specimens obtained by Captain Cook and Sir Joseph
Banks during their voyages round the world; and yet it seems
likely that some specimens had been given by Sir Joseph Banks,
who is included in the list of those Trustees who were often
Donors ; but ornithological specimens were apparently not among
his gifts at that time.

The account of this great naturalist is as follows :—“ To the
list [of Trustees who were donors] must be added the name of
the Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart., K.B., who, after his
return from his circumnavigation, deposited at different times in
the Museum numerous collections of natural and artificial curiosi-
ties from the newly discovered islands in the South Seas, which,
with considerable additions since "made by the Admiralty,
Captain Cook, and other ofücers who had performed similar
distant and perilous voyages, form now a very conspicuous part
of the Museum. Among the many donations of various kinds
which Sir Joseph Banks has since bestowed, and still con-
tinues to confer upon the establishment, we must not omit to
mention a large set of Icelandic books, both printed and manu-
script, which he collected in a voyage he made in the year
1772 to that island. Nor can the public be uninformed of the
indefatigable zeal he has ever displayed in his endeavours, as
a Trustee, to advance the honour and advantages of this Institu-
tion, which, together with his many other exertions for the
benefit of science, must ever rank him among her best friends
and strenuous promoters.”

Birds. 163

Room VIII. contained further Mineral exhibitions, and
Room IX. was devoted partly to Geology and to the Inverte-
brata, with a very perfect specimen of the skull and horns of
the Irish Elk on the walls. Room X. contained the Bird
colleetion, which has been described above, and also Crustacea,
Arachnides, Insects, etc., while the collection of Mollusca was
arranged in table-cases in the centre of the room.

Room XI. held the Quadrupeds, among them the Black
ÖOurang-outang and the Chestnut Ourang-outang, both in a young
state, a large Antelope, a small ditto, etc., while on the walls
were cases containing Sword-fish, etc.

Room XII. was the spirit-room of that day, and had Reptilia
and Fish in spirit, as well as many Mammals.

We are informed in the “ Synopsis” (p. xv) that “the original
building being by no means sufliciently spacious for the reception
of this and the Egyptian collections, Parliament has from time
to time voted suflicient supplies for the purpose of erecting an
additional edifice, which is now completed, and a magnificent
collection of ancient sculpture is at length opened for the
inspection of strangers as well as for the improvement of artists,
an advantage which the students in the fine arts have never
before enjoyed in this country.” The collection of Antiquities
occupied thirteen rooms, the Portland Vase being exhibited in
the ante-room to Room XII.

The next edition of the “Synopsis” in our library at the
Natural History Museum is the fourteenth, printed by Richard
and Arthur Taylor, Shoe Lane, in 1518. The “ Introduction ”
was now omitted from the ‘“ General Guide,” but it could be
obtained from the messenger at the Museum.

Considerable modifications seem to have been made in the
arrangement of the different collections. The ground floor is
still devoted to the Printed Books, but on the upper floor the
lst Room is devoted principally to Ethnology. The articles of
dress and weapons from the South Sea Islands must have been
mostly from Cook’s voyages and Banks’ donations, though the
fact is not stated.

Room II. (for the use of readers) is now “empty.” Rooms
IIT.-VII. do not appear to have been altered, and contained the
Manuscripts. The “Saloon ” is still devoted to the collection of
Minerals, of which a full account is once more given, with certain
improvements and italicisation, and a plan of the “order of the

table cases in the Saloon.” An “ Alphabetical List of the
Mm2

164 Zoology.

Minerals is also given, with references to the Table Cases and the
Diagram,” by which anyone could refer without diftieulty to
specimens exhibited.

In this year we find that the Birds have been moved to
Room VIII. The classification has been changed, and the wall
space seems to have been more ample, as the collection of Birds
and nests occupied only thirteen cases, instead of twenty. The
collection of Mollusca occupied table-cases on the floor of the
room as before, and the Echinoderma, Star-fishes, and some Corals
were also in table-cases in this room.

Room IX. was filled with Geologieal and Palsontological
specimens, and Room X. with the “ British Oryetognostic
Collection,” or British simple mineral substances.

Room XI. is to be “appropriated to British Zoology,” and is
at present under arrangement.

The spirit collection and the stuffed Mammals, which were
housed in Rooms XI. and XII. in the previous Synopsis, are not
mentioned in the edition of 1818.

The “ Synopsis ” of 1819 is almost a reprint of the previous
edition, and it is curious that in neither of these editions is any
reference made to the purchase of Colonel Montagu’s British
collection, acquired by the Trustees in 1816. It must have been
this collection which required Room XI. for its exhibition, and
in 1819 we find that the arrangement of the British Birds was
completed, and in the cases between the windows were to be
placed the spirit-specimens of KReptiles, Fishes, etc. The
“Synopsis” by this time has grown in size, as the collections
increased and were more minutely described, and the 15th
edition had risen to 162 pages instead of 92 pages as in the
previous year.

The 14th edition, o£ 1818, and the 17th edition, of 1820
(printed by, Richard and Arthur Taylor, Shoe Lane), vary but
little from the preceding ones, but the descriptions of the various
collections are improved in many instances. Four years later, in
1824, the size of the “Synopsis” has been somewhat increased ;
it was printed by G. Woodfall, Angel Court, Skinner Street.
The arrangement, however, is the same, and the Second Room on
the Upper Floor, which was empty in 1820, now contains
“ miscellaneous objects under arrangement.” In the Third Room,
the Lansdowne Library of Manuscripts, acquired in 1807, is not
yet finally arranged, the same announcement having been made
four years before. The collection of Minerals in the Saloon

Birds. 165

appears to have been increased somewhat, as the plan of the
Table-cases shows an addition of two to their number.

In Room VIII. the order of the Birds is once more slightly
changed, and some additions have been made since the last
“ Synopsis,” such as the “ Manura” from New Holland, and the
Argus Pheasant. The “ Scarlet Curlew ” of previous editions is
now correctly called the “Scarlet Ibis.” Dr. J. E. Gray was
appointed assistant in the Zoological Department in 1824, and a
change in the classification and arrangement in the Mollusca in
the Bird-room appears to have taken place.

Rooms IX. and X. contained Petrifactions and the British
Oryctognostic collection.

Room XI. The British Birds are housed here, and the
collection of eggs is arranged along with the birds, in separate
glass cases, their numbers corresponding to those affixed to the
mounted specimens. Cases 23 and 24 contain nests, windpipes,
and other parts of various British Birds. An “ Alphabetical
List of the English names of the Birds in this room ” is also
printed.

The 23rd edition of the “Synopsis,” 1826, is almost a
verbatim reprint of that of 1824 (also called the 23rd edition),
as far as the natural history collections are concerned.

The next edition of the “Synopsis ” in our Museum Library
is that of 1832 (twenty-sixth edition), and the book has now
grown to be a small volume of 236 pages, being again printed
by G. Woodfall, Angel Court, Skinner Street. C. König was
Keeper in 1832, and J. E. Gray and G. R. Gray were both
assistants. This “Synopsis” shews a great improvement in
descriptive work, and the collections have been much advanced,
particularly as regards the Mammalia, many additions from
Sir E. Parry’s Arctie voyages being recorded.

On the first landing-place of the great staircase are a Musk
Ox, from Melville Island, and a Polar Bear, “procured in the
late Arctic expeditions, and presented by the Lords of the
Admiralty.” On the upper landing are a male and female Giraffe,
or Camelopard, from South Africa, presented by W. J. Bur-
chell, Esgq. ; a Great Seal, said to be from the north-west coast of
Britain, and an Ursine Seal, presented by Capt. Fitzroy, R.N.

In this account of the Museum attention is drawn to the
various ethnological collections presented to the nation by
Captain Cook and Sir Joseph Banks, whose names are specially
mentioned as donors, as well as that of Mr. Archibald Menzies.

166 Zoology.

Rooms II., III. and IV. are devoted to the Sloanean and
Banksian collections of Plants, and to Sir William Smith’s _
collection of English Fossils, “arranged according to the strata
in which they were found.”

Rooms V., VI, VII. were oceupied by Sir Joseph Banks’
Library, with some cabinets of Insects in Room VI.

The Birds have been removed from Room VIII. to Room XII,
the place of the birds being taken by ethnological specimens.

The Saloon is now occupied by the collection of Mammalia, in
which appears, as a curiosity, “a Mule-whelp between the Lion
and Tiger, born at Atkins’ travelling menagerie at Windsor.”
In Room IX. are stated to be portraits of Sir Hans Sloane, the
founder of the collection of Natural History, and an original
pieture of John Rae, one of the earliest and most illustrious
of scientific British Naturalists, The latter is now in the
Natural History Museum. In the same room are deposited the
collections of Amphibious and Invertebrate Animals, preserved
in spirits, and the overflow of large Mammals from the Saloon.
The Batrachia and Crustacea, with other Invertebrata, were also
exhibited, many of them in spirits.

Room X. contained the collection of Reptiles in spirits,
Tortoises, Crocodiles, ete. A full description is given of these
collections (pp. 47-68). “In the Table Cases, in the centre of
the room, are arranged the Collection of Foreign Radiated
Animals.”

Room XI. is now dedicated to the general collection of Fish
and Crabs, and the table-cases contain the remainder of the
Radiated Animals. .

Room XII. is now the home of the Bird collection, arranged
in glazed cases, with the collection of Shells in table-cases.
There are 42 cases for the Birds, instead of 22 as in 1826.

The Royal collection of books having now been received,
there appears to have been a “Long Gallery” above the
“King’s Library,” and to this the collection of Minerals was
transferred.

The series of native Birds, of which Dr. Leach had published
a catalogue in 1816, was chiefly composed of the Montagu
Collection, and even at the time when I succeeded George
Robert Gray, the British collection mainly consisted of the
Montagu series.

Two years later the 2Sth edition of the “ Synopsis ” (1834) gives
evidence of continued progress in the natural history collections.

Birds. 167

Beside the Giraffes on the first landing was now a River Horse,
or Hippopetamus, from South Africa. The contents of the
various rooms were much as before, but Rooın XIT. is given over
to the British Collection of Birds and their eggs, shells, etc.
The general series of Birds is exhibited in Room XIII.

No striking alteration in arrangement of the Birds is shown
in any of the following: 29th edition (1835), 31st (1836),
33rd (1837), 36th (1838), 38th (1839). In 1840, however, when
Sir Henry Ellis was Principal Librarian, and Dr. John Edward
Gray was Keeper, considerable changes have been made. The
42nd edition of the “ Synopsis ” is now a bulky little volume of
370 pages, and the descriptions of all the collections are much
enlarged, and we find the names of Darwin, Rüppell, Burchell,
and other well-known explorers, whose collections have con-
tributed to the increase of the series. The Saloon contained the
Mammalia, both the mounted specimens as well as those in
spirit being in “upright glazed cases round the room, the
smaller in those between the windows, and the Bats in shallow
cases aflixed to the others.” Shells, Corals, Insects, and Crustacea
were “arranged in a series in the table-cases of the several
rooms.”

Room IX. had additional stuffed Mammalia, as well as
spirit-specimens, Reptilia, Mollusca, ete., and in Room X. was
the collection of Reptilia in spirits, with a full account of them,
and a table of their classification, doubtless the work of
Dr. J. E. Gray himself. The mounted collection of Fish, as
well as the specimens in spirits, occupied Room XI.

The “ Northern Zoological Gallery” had apparently not long
been finished, as Sir Henry Ellis, in his introduction, describes
the additional buildings and galleries gradually ordered by the
Government for the large collections as they were purchased or
presented. In 1823, on “the donation, of His Majesty King
George IV., of the library collected by King George III., the
Government ordered drawings to be prepared for the erection of
an entire new Museum, a portion of one wing of which was to be
oceupied by the recently acquired library. This wing, on the
eastern side of the then Museum Garden, was finished in 1828;
and the northern, and a part of the western compartment of a
projected square, have since been completed. The Townley
Gallery at present joins on to the centre of the western
compartment ; and Montague House, the old building of the
Museum, continues to form the general front.”

168 Zoology.

In the Northern Zoological Gallery, separated into five rooms,
were all kinds of lower animals—Sponges and Corallines in the
table-cases of Room I., Echinoderma, Holothurians, Star-fishes,
ete.,, in Room II, Radiated animals, Zoophytes, etc., in
Room III., Insects and Crustacea in Room IV., and “ Annulose
animals ” in Room V. Considerable information concerning the
objects in all these rooms is given, with tables of classifieation :
all this was doubtless Dr. Gray’s work.

In the “ Eastern Zoological Gallery” was the collection of
mounted Birds, the British species being distinguished by a
letter “ B” printed at the end of the pedestal. The account of
the bird-colleetion is also very full, with a tabular classification
at the end. This part of the guide was certainly written by
George Robert Gray. Down the Bird-Gallery were the table-
cases containing the Shells.

The Mollusca were personally under the charge of the Keeper,
who with Mrs. Gray, arranged the collection. A very full
description, with a table of classification, is given by Dr. J. E.
Gray of this portion of the collection.

The 45rd edition of the “Synopsis,” published in 1841, is
again a bulky little volume of nearly 400 pages, but does not
differ very much from the edition of 1840, though it is amplified
in many respects. Rooms XII.-XIII. of the upper floor have
now become the “ Mammalia Room ” and the “ Mammalia Saloon.”

The Bird-Gallery was the same as I remember it when I took
charge of the ornithological colleetions in 1872, and the shell-
cabinets occupied the floor space, having a separate gallery
apportioned to them on the removal of the Natural History
collections to the new Museum at South Kensington.

The British Birds and the collection of British Birds’ Eggs,
the latter including two specimens of the egg of the Great Auk
(Plautus impennis), were at some time or other transferred to the
British Room in the Northern Gallery, and the eggs, which
were stuck down on wooden tablets and exposed to the light,
soon became bleached and rotten. In 1842, however, the
collection of eggs was exhibited in table-cases in the Bird-
Gallery, as we learn from the 44th edition of the “ Synopsis.”
There is nothing new to remark upon in this edition, excepting
that a catalogue is given of the paintings which used to hang
on the walls of the old Bird-Gallery at Bloomsbury. Some of
these portraits are extremely interesting, among them being
those of Sir Hans Sloane, John Ray, and others.

Birds. 169

The Museum Library does not contain quite all the successive
editions of the “Synopsis” after the 44th edition of 1842.
Those examined by me have been the 46th (1844), 47th (1844),
48th (1845), 49th (1846), 50th (1847), 52nd (1847), 53rd (1848),
54th (1849), 55th (1850), 57th (1851). After 1842 the descrip-
tions of the zoological objects were much curtailed in the
“Synopsis,” as a separate “Guide to the Zoological Collections ”
was to be obtained in the Hall (cf. 46th ed., p. 10, note). The
46th and 47th editions are apparently identical, and both were
issued in 1544. Those of 1845, 1846 and 1847 (edd. 48, 49, 50)
differ only in small particulars from the previous issues. The
5lst edition is not in the Library, but doubtless did not differ
from the others published in the same year, as the 52nd to the
55th editions show little change asfar as the Birds are concerned.
The 56th edition is unfortunately missing from the set in our
Library, but the 57th is interesting as showing some alterations
in the case of the British Birds and their eggs, which were
removed from the Eastern Gallery to the 3rd Room of the
Northern Gallery, to join the general British Collection as there
arranged.

This plan of exhibition remained unaltered till the time of
the removal of the collections to the Natural History Museum
at Kensington.

Since the early voyages had enriched the British Museum
with their valuable but ill-prepared results, many collections
had been added. Leaving aside for the moment several
valuable additions, which are duly chronicled below, one of the
principal donations was that of General Hardwicke, who during
his service in the Indian army made a collection of drawings
of Eastern birds by native artists, which afterwards formed
the basis of Gray and Hardwicke’s “Illustrations of Indian
Zoology.”

He likewise presented to the British Museum a number of
mounted specimens of birds from all parts of the world, and many
of these specimens were so well mounted that they would not have
disgraced the best of modern taxidermists. General Hardwicke
seems to have been endued with extraordinary enthusiasm for
the study of natural history, and to have been a god-send to the
Museum in its earlier development. An oil-painting of this
“ grand old man” of zoology is to be found in the Natural History
Museum. Sir John Richardson gives the following account of
General Hardwicke (see Report Brit. Ass., 1845, p. 188, note) :—

170 Zoology.

“General Hardwicke began his collections of illustrations of
Asiatic zoology in the last century, and continued them till his
final return to this country in 1818. He lost many specimens
and the fruit of much labour by three several shipwrecks; but
this, instead of damping his ardour, roused him to fresh exertions,
and he was busy up to the time of his death in preparing his
collections for publication, the scientific part having been under-
taken by Mr. Gray. Among the drawings of fish which he
procured, there are some by Major Neeld, others by Major
Farquhar, and a considerable number copied from the drawings
of Buchanan Hamilton, by that gentleman’s consent, and by the
same artists whom he employed. This is mentioned because a
charge of piracy has been made in the ‘“Calcutta Journal’
against General Hardwicke, who was however too high-minded to
appropriate to himself the labours of others without due acknow-
ledgement ; and the careful references in his own writing on the
drawings of Buchanan Hamilton show that he had no intention
of claiming anything that belonged to that distinguished natu-
ralist. The General bequeathed his specimens, and the whole
of his collections of drawings, amounting to twenty folio volumes,
to the British Museum, and also set apart a sum of money to
defray the expenses of publishing the scientific description of
them. His collections have been deposited, as he wished, in the
national institution, but his intentions respecting the publication
have been entirely frustrated by a Chancery suit which was
instituted soon after his death.”

The great collections presented by Mr. Bryan Hodgson, from
Nepal, Sikhim and Tibet, marked an era in the history of the
Zoologieal Department ; but the scientific value of this collection
depended mainly upon the series of coloured drawings of the birds
executed by native artists, while the skins from wlıch the
drawings had been taken were apparently of secondary account,
and were very roughly prepared, with a label generally tied
round the neck of the specimen, bearing a number which corre-
sponded with the coloured pieture of the species. The Hodgson
donation dealt mainly with the birds of the Himalayas, with
the exception of one collection of skins from Behar; and for
many years the Museum lacked a representative series from the
greatest dependency of the Empire.

Thanks to the donations of Mr. Allan Hume, C©.B., Colonel
Wardlaw Ramsay, Dr. F. D. Godman and Mr. Osbert Salvin,
Mr. Radcliffe Saunders, and the bequests of Mr. Henry Seebohm

Dirds. 171

and Mr. Philip Crowley, the ornithological collection of the
British Museum has gradually been raised to the foremost
position, and one of its most formidable rivals, the Honourable
Walter Rothschild, is at the same time one of its most generous
patrons. I believe that the utmost estimate of the number of
birds’ skins and eggs in the year 1872, when I first took oflice,
would be 30,000, or 35,000 at the most. At the present
moment, the series is more than 400,000 in number, of which the
eggs alone number close on 100,000, The donations are
chronicled in detail below.

One more remark may be permitted. The collection of
the British Museum must always be of priceless value, as
it contains the material on which was founded the “ Catalogue
of Birds,” being a description of all the known species of
birds in the world. The great collections presented or be-
queathed to the Museum during the past twenty years were
formed with the distinct idea of illustrating the natural history
and geographical distribution of birds, and these collections
afford material for exact study unequalled by any other museum
in the world.

In the following pages are given the details of the gradual
progress of the Ornithological Section, as far as it has been
possible to compile the record from existing documents.

172 Zoology.

II. CHRONOLOGICAL ACCOUNT OF THE PRINCIPAL ACCESSIONS TO
COLLECTION OF BIRDS TO THE END OF 1905.

In the foregoing pages I have given an account of the formation
of the bird-collection so far as it could be gathered from different
publications. No actual registers were kept during the early days
of the Museum, and it was not until 1837 that a formal register
was started. Before that date G. R. Gray had commenced a
MS. catalogue of the collection of Birds, and this exists in
several vellum-bound books, most of which are still to be found
in the bird-room. They are occasionally of service in hunting up
the history of some of the ancient specimens.

As already stated, the specimens from Sir Hans Sloane’s
collection have long ago perished, and of those presented by
Sir Joseph Banks but one specimen now survives, as far as
I, can discover. Some few birds were afterwards received
from the Northern Land expeditions, being presented by Sir
John Richardson, Admiral Sir George Back, and others; but
the specimens described by Swainson and Richardson in the
“Fauna Boreali-Americana” do not appear to have been pre-
sented to the nation in their entirety. During the time that
the Zoological Society of London possessed a museum of its
own, most of the birds collected by the exploring voyages,
such as the Beagle, the Sulphur, and other ships, were given
to the Society, instead of to the British Museum. When
the Zoological Society decided to give up its museum these
valuable collections were acquired by the British Museum, but
the task of selection (presumably by G. R. Gray) was not too
carefully performed, and several types were overlooked, which
ultimately found their way into private museums, such as that of
the late T. ©. Eyton, for instance.

When the Banksian collection of birds was presented I have
no record. It is certain that some of the specimens procured
during Captain Cook’s voyages were presented, on the return
of the ships, to the Leverian Museum, Bullock’s Museum, etc.,
while others still remained in Sir Joseph Banks’ possession.
Thus much we may gather from a study of Latham’s “ General
Synopsis of Birds,” which mentions several species as being in
the above-named collections.

Bade 173

Although the disappearance of the actual specimens is never
sutbieiently to be regretted, some little compensation for their loss
is to be found in the collection of drawings made by the artists
whom Banks employed during the voyages of Capt. Cook. These
“ Drawings” came into the possession of.the British Museum with
the rest of the Banksian Library, and they are now preserved in
the Natural History Museum at South Kensington.

PARKINSON’S DRAWINGS.

The earliest of these collections is that of SypxEyY PARKINson,
who accompanied Sir Joseph Banks as draughtsman, on Capt.
Cook’s first voyage round the world (1768-1771). See Hist.
Coll. Brit. Mus., I. (Libraries), p. 44.

The figures of birds are 32 in number (Plates 7-38).
Many of them are mere peneil outlines, and it is tolerably
certain that all the artists who accompanied Banks on Captain
Cook’s voyages, Parkinson, George Forster, and Ellis, were
in the habit of drawing an outline, sometimes colouring the
bill and feet from the freshly shot bird, but much of the colour-
ing was left to be filled in at home from the actual specimens,
and in many cases this was never done.

Pl. 7. “No. 12, Falco. The colour of the beak pale bluish-

grey, the feet dirty grey blue. Terra dei Fuego.”

This plate, which is a pencil sketch only, is apparently
intended to represent Ibyeter chimango (Vieill.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B.,
i.,p. 41 (1874).

Pl. 8. “No. 5, Green Peroquet, Otahite. Aa.”

= Üyanorhamphus erythronotus (Kuhl.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B.,
x=,,P-2909)).

Kuhl’s type of his Psittacus erythronotus was in Bullock’s
Museum, and thence came into the British Museum, but is no
longer to be found there (ef. Salvad., £.c., p. 580, note). It is not
mentioned in G. R. Gray’s list of Psittacidse (p. 12, 1859).

Pl. 9. “No 3, Blue Perroquet. The face, throat and breast
white, romp and neck dirty grey, turning blue towards
the edge, the feet and beak a bright orange, claws
black, all the rest of the body wt dark ultra[marine],
shaded wt Pfale] B[lue], like shining blue steel.
Avinne.”

This plate, which is only a pencil sketch, most probably repre-

sentsthe Otaheitan Blue Parrakeet of Latham, Gen. Syn.,i.,p. 255

174 Zoology.

(Psittacus taitianus, Gm.), Coriphilus taitianus, Salvad., Cat.
B. Brit. Mus., xx., p. 46 (1891).

Pl. 10. “The whole bird black, spots on the head and on the
shoulders dirty white, the breast feathers waved with
pale brown, the outer feathers of the tail scarlet and
yellow with narrow facia of black, the iris dark
brown, the pupil black, the beak dirty white, with
the point of the upper mandible dark grey. Black
Cockatoo.”

This plate, which is also a pencil sketch, represents one
of the Black Cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus). Parkinson in his
Journal (p. 144) writes: “Large black Cocatoes, with scarlet
and orange-coloured feathers on their tails, and some white spots
between the beak and the ear, as well as one on each wing.”
Latham, deseribing his Banksian Cockatoo (Gen. Syn., Suppl.,
p. 63, pl. eix.) refers to Parkinson’s Black Cockatoo as being
probably identical.

Pl. 11. “The beak very dark brown, changing gradually into
yellowish toward the base of the upper mandible; the
feet purple brown, the length of the wing in the
natural size 7% inches. Anas antarctica. Terra del
Fuego.”

’ \ A peneil sketch japparently referable to Nettion flavirostre
(V.); Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii., p. 261.

Pl. 12. “The head, neck, breast and back soot colour, which
gradually grows paler on the coverts of the wings to
their edges, which are bordered with white; the large
wing feathers and the tail are the same sooty colour
but shaded with M. blk. The üpper coverts of the
tail and the sides pure white; the beak blk., as
are the feet, with a spot of yellow on each web.
Dec. 22, 1768.”

— Oceanites oceanieus (Kuhl); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,
p- 358.

Kuhl (Beitr., p. 136, 1820) gives the first description of this
species, but calls it “ Procellaria oceanica, Banks,” and quotes
Tab. 12 of Banks’ pictures, this being of course the above-
mentioned drawing of Parkinson’s. It is not, however, Kuhl’s
actual type of the species, as the specimen was described by him
as having been formerly in Ridell’s collection, but now in that of
Temminck. It does not appear in the Catalogue of the “ Museum
des Pays Bas.”

Bl.

Bi.

Pl:

21.

Pl.

>.
Bl.

Bl,

Birds. #7

13. “No. 6, Procellaria zequorea; Dec. 23, 1768; Lat.
37° South. The throat, breast and belly white; the
Remiges, Rectrices, and beak black; the feet black,
on the webs marks of yellow as mark’d out in the
figure.”

Is Pelagodroma marina (Lath.); Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,
p. 362. P. zquorea is the name (unpublished) given
by Solander to this species in his MS. notes, as
related by Mr. Salvin (Orn. Mise., i., p. 227).

14. “ The large feathers of the wing, the tail, beak and feet
are black, the belly and coverts of the tail white,
December 23rd, 1768. Lat. 37° South.”

Is Oymodroma grallaria (Vieill.); cf. Salvin, Orn. Mise.,
1., p. 238 ; id., Cat. B., xxv., p. 366.

15. “The beak a pale blueish lead-eolour, the legs and
toes pale blue w‘ a cast of purple; the webs dirty
white. Feb. 1st, 1769. Lat. 59° 00'.”

Most probably = Prion desolatus (Gm.) ; Salvin, Cat., xxv.,
p. 434.

16. “ The beak black, the legs and toes pale violet grey on
the outermost toe, the webs dirty white and partly

“ grey, veined with dirty purple. Feb. 15, 1769. Lat.
48° 27', Long. 93°.”

May be Halobsna czerulea (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Orn.
Nlise.,.i., p: 328; id., Cat. B., xxv., p..431.

17. “Feb. 2nd, 1769. Lat. 59° South. Giant Petrel,”
Lath., Gen. Syn., vi., p. 397 (1785). Ossifraga gigantea
(Gm.); ef. Salvin, Orn. Mise., i., p. 238; id., Cat. B.,
xxv., p. 422. A pencil outline only.

18. Coloured figure, Ossifraga gigantea ; ef. Salvin, l.e.

19. “Feb. 2nd, 1769. Lat. 58°.” Procellaria fuliginosa,
Solander MSS. ; cf. Salvin, Orn. Misec., i., p. 238.

= Majaqueus zequinoctialis (Linn.) ; Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,
p- 395.

20. “The beak is black, the legs and upper part of the
feet pallid white, the lower part, where marked oft,
dark brown; the claws black ; the under part of the
whole bird white. Dec. 23, 1768.”

Procellaria sandaliata, Solander MSS.; cf. Salv., Orn.
Misc., i., p. 328.

= (Estrelata arminjoniana, Gigl. and Salvad. (cf. Salvin,
Cat. B., xxv., p. 413).

176 Zoology.

Pl. 21. “Bill entirely black, the iris of the eye brown, pupil
black. Feb. 1st, 1769. Lat. 59° 00.”

Procellaria lugens, Banks MSS. (cf. Kuhl, Beitr., p. 144).
= (Estrelata brevirostris (Less.); cf. Salvin, Cat. B.,
xxv., p. 409.

Pl. 22. The same as 21.

Kuhl gives the MS. name of P. lugens, Banks, but he himself
refers the figures to Procellaria grisea [nec Gmelin. The
earliest published name seems to be that of (Estrelata brevirostris
(Less.).

Pl. 23. “The beak fuscus, the lower mandible paler and

biueish ; the feet of the same colour. Feb. 15, 1769.
Lat. 48° 27', Long. 93°.”

Neetris fuliginosa, Solander MSS.

= Pufinus griseus (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 386.

Pl. 24. “ The beak blue grey towards the back, and the point
black ; the legs and feet the same colour as in the
Procellaria cyanopedo. Nectris munda. Feb. 15, 1769.
Lat. 48° 27', Long. 93°.”

The late Mr. Osbert Salvin was of opinion that this peneil-
sketch represented the species described by Giglioli and Salvadori
as Pufinus elegans (Ibis, 1869, pp. 67, 68); cf. Salvin in

towley’s Orn. Misc., i., pp. 256, 257, pl. xxxiv. (1876); id.,
Cat. B., xxv., p. 385.

Pl. 25. “The face and throat white as marked of[f] on the
figure; the whole body above and below fusco-palido; the
belly, the feet, whitish w' a cast of blue, the nails
white. Dec. 23rd, 1768. Lat. 37° South. .Diomedea
exulans.” >

This figure probably represents the young of Diomedea
exulans (cf. Salvin, Orn. Mise., i, p. 238; id., Cat. B., xxv., p.
442).

a 26. “The bill entirely black, the iris of the eyes yellow-
brown, the pupil black ; the skin that goes along the
beak from the head pale violet clouded w® pale brown.
Feb. 1st, 1769. Lat. 59° 13’. Diomedea antarctica.”

= Phebetria fuliginosa (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Orn. Mise.,
i., p. 238; id., Cat. B., zxv., p. 453.

Pl. 27. “ The beak, excepting the back of the upper mandible
and part of the under one, is a dirty greenish white.
Feb. 3rd, 1769. Lat. 57° 30'.”

Is Diomedea profuga, Solander MSS., whichis Thalassogeron

Birds. 77

chlororkhynchus (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Orn. Misc., i., p. 238 ;
2d., Ost. B., xxv., p. 451.

28. “The beak is of a lead colour, whitish towards the
base of the upper mandible ; the bag is of a dirty orange ;
the feathers of the whole body is quite black, having a
cast of purple on the back; the feet and claws lead
colour.” “Rio Janeero. Specimen lost. To be coloured

Pl:

Da

from No. 3 in log No. . Pelecanus aquilus.”
This is no doubt Fregata aquila (Linn.), Cat. B,, xxvi,
p. 443.

Pl. 29. “ The beak and all the bare part round the eye is a
brownish grey, the point only excepted, which is whitish ;
the iris of the eyes grey, pupil black, the feet something
reddish.”

“Terra del Fuego. Pelecanus antarctieus.”

It is diffieult to say what this pencil sketch actually repre
sents. It may be intended for Phalaerocorax atriceps, King;
Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 390. In Solander’s MSS. in the Museum
library there is a fuller description of Pelecanus antarcticus.

Pl. 30. “ Pelecanus serrator.”

= Sula serrator, G. R. Gray; cf. Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p.
428.

Solander’s MS. refers to a specimen being procured on the
24th of December, 1769. He gives a full description of the
bird.

Pl. 31. Phaöton erubescens, Banks’ MSS.

= Phaethon rubricauda, Bodd. ; cf. Grant, Cat. B., xxvi.,
p. #51.

A complete coloured figure inscribed “Sydney Parkinson
pinx. 1769. Tawai” [Otaheite Islands]. It bears the name of
Phaeton erubescens, of which a full account is given in Solander’s
MSS. This name is first published by G. R. Gray in his “ List
of Anseres,” p. 182. A life-sized drawing of the head is also
figured on this Plate 31.

Pl. 32. “ Larus gregarius. Terra del Fuego.”

“The beak and feet the col’ of minium ; the breast and
belly white w! a cast of red, the same as in the Cocatoo
wt the red erest; the claws dark brown ; the length
of the wing in the natural size 11 inches.”

Mr. Howard Saunders, who has examined this Plate, which
is only a pencil outline, is of opinion that it is intended to repre-
sent Larus glaucodes, Meyen ; cf. Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 203.

VOL. Il. N

178 Zoology.

In Solander’s MSS. there is a fuller description : “ gregarius,
LARUS, albus, supra canus, abdomine pallide incarnato, rectri-
eibus nonnullis apice nigris, rostro pedibusque rubris.

“Habitat: juxta littora Terre de Fuego, ubi gregatim
volitant, et spe totas scopulas cooperiunt.”

Pl. 33. “Eperia.” “No. 2. Egg Bird. Otahite.”

“ The whole bird interely white ; the beak a lead colour,
as are also the toes ; the webs between white ; the Rachi
of the wing feathers pale brown and those of the tail
black.”

Mr. Howard Saunders thinks that this sketch, which is
named “Egg Bird,” is intended for Gygis candida (Gm.). It
may be noted, however, that the name “Egg Bird” is also
applied to Sterna fuliginosa ; ef. Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 106.

Pl. 34. “ (olumba porphyracea, Forster. Oopaa.” “Green
Dove. Otahite.”

The Tahiti bird is Ptilopus purpuratus (Gm.), according to

Salvadori, Cat. B., xxi., p. 105.

Pl. 35. “ Amahö, Columba pectoralis, Otahite. The red on
the neck brighter : some of a fine shiny purple.”

= Phlogaenas, sp.; cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 601,
note,

This bird is only known from Latham’s description, which
was founded on a specimen in the Banksian Collection (ef.
Salvadori, l.e.). It is apparently not mentioned in Solander’s
MSS.

Pl. 36. “No. 11, Turdus. Terra del Fuego.”

A pencil outline, probably intended for Turdus magellaniecus,
which is the only species of true Thrush found in the island
by Captain Crawshay.

Pl. 36, fig. 2. “The whole wings and tail black and little
inclining to brown; the feathers of the back at their
bases are black and their edges scarlet, which makes it
look darker : the scarlet of the Belly is more yellow
than the rest : the legs fusca : the beak black excepting
the oblong space mark’d of[f] on the base of the under
mandible, which is white. Rio Janeiro.”

This pencilled figure is intended for Xipholena atropurpurea.

Pl. 37, fig. 1. “ Rio de Janeiro.”

There is no name given to this figure, but I should say it
very fairly represents Spermophila ezerulescens (Vieill.) ; cf. Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus,, xii,, p. 126.

Birds. 179

Pl. 37, fig. 2. “ Loxia nitens, of the Coast of Brazil. Nov. Sth,
1768. Sydney Parkinson pinx. ad vivum, 1768. Brasil.”

This figure is undoubtedly intended to represent Volatinia
jaearini (Linn.), Sharpe, Cat. B., xii., p. 152, though the name
Loxia nitens has not previously been associated with it. This
same title is given in Solander’s MSS. and may be a name
attached to the drawing either by himself or by Banks.

Pl. 38, fig. 1. “ Motacilla avida, Sept. 28th, 1768. Lat. 19° 00’

North.”

This figure is evidently intended for Motacilla flava (Linn.),
and is a young bird, probably procured when the species was on
its southward migration.

Solander’s MS. contains an account of the same specimen.
The name avida is bestowed by him on the species.

Pl. 38, fig. 2. “ Motaeilla velificans, of|f] the Coast of Spain.

Sydney Parkinson pinx. ad vivum, 1768, Sept. ; T. 10,
P. 6, Sept. 4, 1768.”

This figure is evidently that of a female Wheatear, Saxicola

oenanthe (L.) ; cf. Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p. 383.

FORSTER’S DRAWINGS.

The most important of the sets of Drawings from the Banksian
Library are undoubtedly those of JOHANN GEORG ADAM FORSTER,
who accompanied his father, Johann Reinhold Forster, on Capt.
Cook’s second voyage (cf. Hist. Brit. Mus. Coll., Libraries, pp.
36, 37). His drawings are mostly on folio sheets of paper.
After fifty years a description of them was published by Heinrich
Lichtenstein in 1844.* The Birds commence with :—

Pl. 32. Falco serpentarius, Miller.

= Serpentarius secretarius (Scop.); Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit.
Mus,, i., p. 45 (1874).

Serpentarius serpentarius (Miller) ; Sharpe, Hand-list B., i.
p. 241 (1899). j

This is a large coloured figure, but no mention is made of this
or the next bird in the “ Descriptiones Animalium.”

Pl. 33. “ Falco plancus, Gm.”

= Polylorus tharus (Mol.) ; Sbarpe, Cat. B., i., p. 31.

This is a large full-sized figure, identified in a MS. hand-
writing as Falco plancus, under which name it is figured by Shaw
in Miller’s “ Cimelia Physica” (Pl. 17), 1796. Itis the “ Plaintive

* Descriptiones Animalium quae in itinere ad maris australis terras per
annos 1772, 1773, et 1774 suscepto collegit, observavit, et delineavit Joannes
Reinholdus Forster, ete., curante Henrico Liechtenstein. 8vo. Berolini, 1544.

N2

180 Zoology.

Eagle” of Latham, Gen. Syn., i.,p. 34 (1781). He quotes Miller’s
plate 17, so that part of the “ Cimelia” must have appeared before
1781. It is Vultur plancus of Forster’s Deser. Anim., p. 321.

Pl. 34. Falco leucurus.

= Ibyeter australis (Gm). ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,i., p. 38.
“ Statenland, &, Jan. 3rd, 1775.”

This bird is described by Latham as the “ Statenland Eagle,”
and he quotes some notes given him by Forster.

Pl. 35. Falco leucaötos, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 70.

—= Astur nove-hollandie (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit.
Mus, 1.,p. 118:
From New Holland.
Pl. 36. (Adult male) Falco harpe, Forst., Deser. Anim.,
pp- 68,69.
= Harpa nov:e zealandise (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit.
Mus., i., p. 372.

Pl. 37. (3, jwv.). Ditto.

Pl. 38. (9). Ditto.

Pl. 39. Strix fulva, Forst., Descer. Anim., p. 71.

— Ninox novze-zealandize (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,ii.,p. 172.
From Queen Charlotte Sound.
Pl. 40. “ Lanius leucorhynchos, Linn.”
= Artamus leucogaster (Valenc.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii.,
p. 3. “ Poeemanghee, Sept. 7th, 9, 1774.”
Pl. 41. “ Lanius cafer, Forst.” ; id., Deser. Anim., p. 398,
Cape of Good Hope (= Lanius ferrugineus, Gm., S. N.,
i., p. 306).
= Laniarius rufiventris (Swains.); cf. Reichenow, Vögel
Afrikas, üi., p. 582.

The bird from which this coloured figure was taken is
mentioned by Latham (Gen. Syn., i., p. 163) as being in Sir
Joseph Banks’ collection.

Pl. 42. “ Psittacus hysginus, Forst.” ; id., Deser. Anim., p. 159.

Count Salvadori is of opinion that this figure represents
Pyrrhulopsis koroensis, Layard ; cf. Cat. B., xx., p. 496 (vide
postea, p. ). Itisa better figure than that of Ellis, but both
probably represent the same bird.

Pl. 43. “ Psittacus bisetis, Lath.” Psittacus bisetis, Forst.,

Descer. Anim., p. 258.

= Nymphicus cornutus (Gm.); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx.,
p. 591.

“N. Caledonia, llth September, 1774.”

0 4)
ri

Birds. 1

Pls. 44-47. Psittacus pacificus, Gm.
= (yanorhamphus novx-zealandie, Sparrm. ; cf. Salvad.,
Watz B.,*xx., p. 581.

The bird figured on Plate 46 is said to be from “ Dusky Bay,
April 6th, 1778.”

Pl. 47. Is a Parraquet similar to the foregoing, but with a

red rump. It is the Pacific Parrot, var. C, of Latham’s
“ General Synopsis” (i.,p. 253).
= Psittacus pacificus, var. y, Gm. Syst. Nat., 1., p. 329.

Count Salvadori identifies this with C©. auriceps (Kuhl) ; ef.
Salvad., Cat., xx., p. 587.

Pl. 48. Psittacus palmarum, Gm.; Forst., Deser. Anim.,

p- 259.
= Hypocharmosyna palmarum ; cf. Salvadori, Cat. B. Brit.
Mus, =x., p. 78.
“Tanna, &, 16th Aug., 1774.”
Pl. 49. Psittacus sapphirinus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 201
(1844: Tahaitee).
= Coriphilus taitanus (Gm.); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx.,
p. 46.
Pl. 50. Psittacus hypopolius, Forst, Deser. Anim., p. 72
(1844: New Zealand).
— Nestor meridionalis (Gm.) ; ef. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx.,
p23.
Pi. 51. Psittacus poliocar, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 399 (1844).
= Agapornis cana (Gm.); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx.,
p- 507.
“ Madagascar, May 4, 1775.”
Pl. 52. Calleas einerea, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 74 (1844:
New Zealand).
= Glaucopis cinerea (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 142.

Said to have been found in both islands of New Zealand br
Forster (l.c.), who does not seem to have noticed the difference
in the colour of the wattles between the two species of @laucopis.
The bird figured is @. einerea.

Pl. 53. Corvus einereus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 260 (1844:
New Caledonia).

This is the type of the “ New Caledonian Crow ” of Latham
(Gen. Syn., i., p. 377, “from a drawing in the collection of Si r
Joseph Banks.” a

= Artamides caledonicus (Gm.) ; ef. Sharpe, Cat. B., iY
p: 10!

18 2 Zi oology ’

Pl. 54. Coracias pacifica, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 261 (1844:
New Caledonia).
= Aplonis striata (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 127.

This is the “ Blue-striped Roller” of Latham (Gen. Syn., i..
p. 414, pl.xvi.). He does not say whence he described the speci-
mens, but the Plate seems to have been adapted from Forster’s
drawing.

Pl. 55. Oriolus muss, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 163 (1844).

= Tatare longirostris (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii.,
p. 525. Vide postea (p. ).
Pl. 56. Ouculus faseiatus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 160 (1844:
Huaheine et Otahaitee).
= Urodynamis taitiensis (Sparrm.); cf. Shelley, Cat. B.,
xIx.,,P- 814.
“ Taheitee. Tayarabboo.”
Pl. 57. Oueculus nitens, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 151 (1844:
Charlotte Sound, New Zealand).
= Chaleococeyx lueidus (Gm.); cf. Shelley, Cat. B., xix.,
p- 295.
Pl. 58. Alcedo collaris, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 162 (1844:
Ötaheitee).
= Todirhamphus veneratus (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,
xvil., p. 288.
“ Erooro at Taheitee.”

Latham’s ‘“ Venerated Kingfisher” (Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2, p. 623,
1782) was described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum.
It is said to “inhabit Apye, one of the Friendly Isles, where it
is held as sacred among the natives as that of Otaheite” His
“ Respected Kingfisher ” (t.c., p. 624) “inhabits Otaheite, where
it is called “Erooro.” It is accounted sacred.” As Latham does
not state where he found the specimen he described, it seems
to me extremely probable that he took his description from
Ellis’ Drawings, No. 23, from “ Otaheite ”—“ Erooroo” (vide
infra, p. )

As Forster’s figure shows a dark band across the chest,
a feature not mentioned by Latham in his description of the
“ Venerated Kingfisher,” it is evident that the latter was not
described from the actual bird figured by Forster. Both the
“ Venerated ” and “ Respected ” Kingfishers of Latham seem to
be the same species, and hence Todirhamphus tutus, Sharpe
(nec Gm.), Cat. B., xvii., p. 291, will require another name,
which I propose should be Todirhamphus wiglesworthi, in memory

Birds. 183

of the young explorer who did such good work as the historian
of the Pacific Avifauna.
Pl. 59. Alcedo eyanea, Forst., Descer. Anim.,p. 76 (1844: New
Zealand).
= Haleyon vagans (Less.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 271.
“Nr. Dusky Bay, April 4, 1773.”
P1.60. Alcedocancrophaga, Forst. (nee. Lath.), Deser. Anim.,p.4.
Haleyon erythrogaster, Gould; Sharpe, Cat. B., xv., p. 234
[=H. actzeon (Less.); Oustalet, C. R., iii., Congr. Intern.
Ornith., Paris, p. 228 (1891)].
[St. Jago. ]
Pl. 61. Certhia eincinnata, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 78 (1844:
Queen Charlotte’s Sound, N. Z.).
= Prosthemadera novz-zealandise (Gm.); cf. Gadow, Cat.
Buy ix., p. 257.
Pl. 62. Certhia olivacea, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 79 (1844:
New Zealand).
= Anthornis melanura (Sparrm.) ; cf. Gadow, Cat. B., ix.,
p. 255.
Pl. 63. Certhia cardinalis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 262 (1844:
Tanna, New Hebrides).
= Myzomela cardinalis (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Handl. B,, v.,
p- 66 (1906).
“Tanna, &, 16th August, 1774.”
Latham’s “ Cardinal Creeper ” was described from a specimen
in the Leverian Museum (Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2,p. 733, pl. 33, fig. 2);
it may well have been the actual specimen figured by Forster.
Pl. 64. Certhia carunculata, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 165 (1844:
Tonga-Tabu).
= Ptilotis carunculata (Gm.); cf. Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 225.
Latham called this bird the ‘“ Wattled Creeper ” (Gen. Syn.,
1., pt. 2, p. 752), and described it from a specimen in the
Leverian Museum.
“ Tonga-tabu or Amsterdam Isle.”
Pl. 65. Anas pieta, Forst., Descer. Anim., p. 333 (1844 : Staten-
land).
= Chloephaga inornata (King); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B.,
xxvii., p. 134.
Pl. 66. Anas ganta, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 336 (1844: Tierra
del Fuego).
= Öhloephaga hybrida (Molina); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B,

Ey. DD.

184 Zoology-

Pl. 67. Anas cheneros, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 92 (1844:
Dusky Bay, New Zealand).
= (asarca variegata (Gm.); cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii.,
p. 183.
“ Dusky Bay, N.Z., April 7, 1773.”
Pl. 68. Anas pteneres, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 338 (1844:
Straits of Magellan).
= Tachyeres cinereus (Gm.) ; cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii.,
p- 373.
“ Statenland, Jan. 2, 1775.”
Pls. 69, 70. Anas montana, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 44 (1844:
Cape of Good Hope).
= Casarca cana (Gm.); ef. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii.,
p. 182. Pl. 69 is a pencil sketch only.
Pl. 71. Anas xanthorhyncha, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 342
(1844: South Georgia).
= Nettion georgicum (Gm.) (cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii.,
p. 264) ; Nettium georgicum, Sharpe, Handl., i., p. 219.
[d , Jan. 17, 1775.]

On this plate is founded Latham’s description of the
“ Georgia Duck ” (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 478) “ from the drawings
of Sir Joseph Banks.”

Pl. 72. Anas wanthorhyncha, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 45 (1844:

Cape of Good Hope).
= Anas undulata, Dubois (cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii.,
p. 212).

These two plates, named A. zanthorhyncha by Forster, repre-
sented two very different species. !

Pl. 73. Anas pyrrhorhyncha, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 45 (1844:

Cape of Good Hope).
= Pecilonetta erythrorhyncha (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B.,
xxvü., p. 285).

Although Latham (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 507) does nob
state where he found the specimen of his “Crimson-billed
Duck,” there can be no doubt that it was from Forster’s
Drawings, or from a specimen in Banks’ collection, that it was
described.

Pl. 74. Anas malacorhynchus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 94

(1844: New Zealand).

= Hymenolzsemus malacorhynchus (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., Cat.
B., xxvii., p. 455).

“ Dusky Bay, New Zealand, April 3, 1773.” “ He-weeyo.”

Birds. 185

Gmelin founded his specific name on Latham’s “ Soft-billed
Duck” (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 522). This was undoubtedly
founded on Forster’s Plate 74, with some details taken from
the account in Cook’s Voyage (vol. i., pp. 72, 97), and the
specimen figured was no doubt in the Banksian collection.

Pl. 75. Anas assimilis, Forster, Deser. Anim., p. 46 (1844:

Cape of Good Hope).
= Nettion capense (Gm.) (cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xxvii.,
p. 259) ; Nettium capense, Sharpe, Handl. B., i., p. 219.

Latham (Gen. Syn., Pt. 2, p. 519, 1785) described his “ Cape
Wigeon” from the Drawings uf Sir Joseph Banks. This plate
of Forster’s is, therefore, the type of the species.

Pl. 76. Anas viduata.

= Dendrocygna viduata (Linn.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxii.,
p. 145).
“Cape of Good Hope.”
Pl. 77. Anas leucophrys, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 93 (1844:
Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand).
= Anassupereiliosa, Gm.(cf. Salvadori, Cat. B.,xxvii.,p.206).

Latham’s “ Supercilious Duck ” (Gen. Syn., iüi., pt. 2, pl. 497)
was taken from this figure of Forster’s, which is consequently the
type of the species.

“Dusky Bay. He-tarrera.”

Pl. 78. Anas lophyra, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 340 (1844:

Staten-land).
= Anas eristata (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii., p. 216).

Latham (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 543, 1785) describes his
“Crested Duck” from Forster’s Drawings, and the figure is,
therefore, the type of the species.

Pl. 79. Anas atrieilla, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 95 (1844:

New Zealand).
= Fuligula novse zealandize (Gm.) (cf. Salvadori, Cat. B.,
xxvii., pP. 968).

“Dusky Bay. He-patek.”

This is another species, described from the Forster Drawings,
being the “New Zealand Duck” of Latham (Gen. Syn., iii.,
pt. 2, p. 543), on which Gmelin founded his Anas nova zealandize.

Pl. 80. Aptenodytes chrysocome, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 99

(1844: New Holland).
= Catarrhactes chrysocome, Forst. (cf. Grant, Cat. B.,
xxvi., p. 635).
A pencil outline.

186 Zoology.

Pl. 81. “Aptenodytes patachonica.” A. patagonica, Forst., Deser.
Anim., p. 347 (1844: Falkland Islands and South
Georgia and islands of New Guinea *); cf. Ogilvie-
Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 627.

er anal do.

Pl. 82. Aptenodytes antaretica, Forst., Comment. Götting.,

iii., p. 141, pl. iv., 1781; :d., Descr. Anim., p. 349.
= Pygoscelis antaretica (Forster); Grant, Cat. B., xxvi.,
p- 634.

Pl. 83. Aptenodytes magellanica, Forst., t.e., 1781; id., Deser.
Anim., pp. 348, 351 (1844: Tierra del Fuego, Staten-
land, Falkland Islands).

= Spheniscus magellanicus (Forst.) ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi.,
p- 651.
“ Staten Land.”

Pls. 84, 85. Aptenodytes minor, Forst., t.c., 1781; id., Deser.

Anim., p. 101 (1844: Dusky Bay, New Zealand).

= Eudyptila minor (Forst.); Grant, Cat. B, xxvi.,
p. 646.

“New Zealand. ‘Korora.”

Pl. 86. Procellaria similis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 59 (1844:
Antarctic Ocean).

= Halobsna czerulea (Gm.); Salvin, Cat. B, xxv.,
p. 431.

Pl. 87. Procellaria vittata, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 21 (1844:

Southern Ocean).
= Prion vittatus (Gm.); Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 432.

Pl. 88. Procellaria tridaetyla, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 149

(1844 : Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand).
= Pelecanoides urinatrix (Gm.) ; cf. Salvin., Cat. B., xxv.,
p. 437. ““ Teetee.”

Pils. 89-90. Procellaria nivea, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 58

(1844: Antarctie Ocean).
= Pagodroma nivea (Gm.); Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 419
“Dee. 30, 1772.” Pl. 90 is only a pencil outline.

Pl. 91. Procellaria glacialis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 25

(1844: Southern Ocean).
= Priocella glacialoides (Smith); Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,
p- 993.

* Doubtless a mispriut for New Zealand.

Birds. 187

Pl. 92. Procellaria hzesitata (nec Kuhl), Forst., Deser. Anim.,
p. 208 (1844: Lat. 45° S. Pacific Ocean) ; Gould, B.
Austr., vii., pl. 47.

= Priofinus einereus (Gm.) ; Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 390.

Latham (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 405, 1785) founded his
description of his “Cinereous Petrel” on a specimen in the
British Museum (cf. antea, p. ). From his description of
the colours of the bill and feet, it is evident that he had also
Forster’s Drawings in his mind.

Pl. 93. Procellaria fuliginosa, Forst., Descer. Anim., p. 23

(1844: Southern Ocean).
= (Estrelata macroptera (Smith) ; cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,
p- 453.
Pl. 93a. Head of Ossifraga gigantea.
Pl. 94. Procellaria fuliginosa, Forst. (nee. pl. 93).
= Pufinus griseus (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 386.

The type of Latham’s “ Grey Petrel” (unde Procellaria grisea,
Gm.) was in the Leverian Museum.

Pl. 95. Procellaria antaretica, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 60

(1844 : Antarctic Seas).
= Thalasseca antartica (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,
p. 392.

Pl. 96. Procellaria capensis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 20

(1844: Southern Ocean).
= Daption capensis (Linn.) ; cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,p. 428.

Pl. 97. Procellaria qularis.

This plate represents a Flying Petrel, and it has been referred
to Procellaria hsesitata by Kuhl and Temminck. The type of the
latter species was purchased by Temminck from Bullock’s sale,
and was described by Kuhl:: it is now in the Leyden Museum.
This is the wellknown “Capped Petrel,” but Forster’s plate
represents (Estrelata gularıs, of Peale, 1848: cf. Salvin, Cat. B.,
xxv., p. 414). It seems to me also that Procellaria inexpectata,
of Forster (Deser., p. 204), refers to this Plate 97, in which case
the species would bear the name of (Estrelata inexpectata (Forster,
1844).

Pl. 98. Procellaria leucocephala, Forster, Deser. Anim., p. 206

(1844).
= (Estrelata lessoni (Garnot); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,
p- 401.

This drawing is referred to P. hzsitata by Kuhl, but it

represents quite a different species.

1

188 Zoology.

Pl. 99. D. albatrus (nec Pall.), Forster, Deser. Anim., p. 27

(1844).
= Diomedea exulans, Linn. ; Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 442.

Pl. 100. Diomedea chrysostoma, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 24

(1844: Southern Ocean).
= Thalassogeron chlororhynchus (Gm.) ; cf. Salvin, Cat. B.,
xXV., p. 451.

Pl. 101. Diomedea chrysostoma, Forster, l.c.. This pencil
drawing appears to have been taken from a specimen of
Thalassogeron culminatus, Gould; cf. Salvin, t.e., p. 451.

Pl. 102. Diomedea palpebrata, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 55
(1844: Antarctie Ocean, 25 Jan. 1773).

= Phebetria fuliginosa (Gm.); cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,
p. 453.

Pl. 103. Pelecanus punctatus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 104

(1844: Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand).
= Phalacrocorax punctatus (Sparrm.); ef. Ogilvie-Grant,
Cat. B., xxvi., p. 354. “ Pa-degga-degga.”

Pl. 104. Pelecanus earunculatus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 102

(1844: Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand).
= Phalacrocorax carunculatus (Gm.); cf. Ogilvie-Grant,
Cat. B., xxvi., p. 384.

Latham’s “ Carunculated Shag” (Gen. Syn. iii., p. 2, p. 603;
unde P. carunculatus, Gm.), was described from a specimen in the
Leverian Museum. It may have been the bird that Forster
painted. Forster considered that he saw the same species in
Tierra del Fuego, but he evidently confused P. albiventer with
the New Zealand bird. E

Pl. 105. Pelecanus magellanicus, Forst., Descer. Anim., p. 312
(1844: Straits of Magellan).

— Phalacrocorax magellanicus (Gm.); ef. Ogilvie.-Grant,
Cat. B., xxvi., p. 388.
“Tierra del Fuego, December 28, 1774.”

This bird was also described by Latham as the “ Magellanie
Shag” (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 1, p. 604), from a specimen in the
Leverian Museum.

Pl. 106. Pelecanus pica, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 104 (1844:

New Zealand).
= Phalacrocorax varius (Gm.); ef. Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B.,
xxVi., pP. 394.

Latham’s ““ Pied Shag” (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 605) was

also described from a specimen in the Leverian Museum, but he

Birds. 153

likewise mentions having seen the species in the drawings in
Sir Joseph Banks’ possession. The egg is figured on the plate,
and described by Latham.

Bl:

Bl.

Bl:

Bl.

Pi.

107. Pelecanus piscator, Forst. (nee Linn.).

—= Sula cyanops (Sund.); cf. Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B.,
xxvi., p. 430.

“Norfolk Island, Oct. 9, 1774.”

108. Pelecanus plotus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 2785 (1844:
New Caledonia).

= Sula sula (Linn.); ef. Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B., xxvi.,
p- 436.

“New Caledonia, 9, 16 Sept., 1774.”

109. Larus scopulinus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 106 (1844:
New Zealand) ; Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 238.

“New Zealand. He-talla.”

110. Sterna serrata, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 276 (1844:
New Caledonia).

= Sterna fuliginosa (Gm.); cf. Saunders, Cat. B., xxv.,
p- 106.

“New Caledonia, ®, Sept. 16th, 1774.”

11l. Ardea ferruginea, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 274
(1844: New Caledonia).

= Nyeticorax caledonicus (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi.,
p. 158.

‘New Caledonia, Sept. 11th, 1774.”

A figure of this Night Heron is given in Cook’s “ Voyage”
(vol. ii., pl. 50). Latham founds his “ Caledonian Night Heron”
(Gen. Syn.,iii., pt. 1, p. 15, 1785) on a description supplied to him
by Forster, whose drawing thus represents the type of the species.

Pl.
Pl;

Pr.

Pr

112. Is apparently Demiegretta sacra.

113. Is a pencil sketch of a Heron, but there is no clue as
to its identification.

114. Ardea jugularis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 172 (1844:
Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand).

= Demiegretta sacra (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi.,
p- 137.

115. Ardea palearis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 47 (1844:
Cape of Good Hope).

= Bugeranus carunculatus (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii.,
p- 267.

The figure of the Wattled Crane is by “ Shumacker,” according
to Lichtenstein, but the drawing is signed “G. Forster, 1773.”

190 Zoology.

The pieture was taken from living bird in the Indian Merchants
Society’s Gardens at the Cape, and on this drawing in the
collection of Sir Joseph Banks Latham founded his description
and figure of the “ Wattled Crane” (Gen. Syn., üii., pt. 1, p. 82,
pl. Ixxviii.), which thus becomes the type of the species.

Pl. 116. Tantalus capensis | Tantalus cafer, on plate], Forst.,

Deser. Anim., p. 48 (1844 : Cape of Good Hope).
— G@eronticus calvus (Bodd.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii.,p. 17.
SIG TO
Pl. 117. Tantalus melanops, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 332
(1844: Staten Land).

Is the “ Black-faced Ibis” of Latham (Gen. Syn., ili., pt. 1,
p. 108, pl. Ixxix.) described from a specimen in Sir J. Banks’
collection, procured by Dr. Forster “in New Year’s Island, near
Staten Land.”

— Theristicus melanopis (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi.,
p- 21:
“Staten Land, Jan. 3, 1775.”
Pl. 118. Scolopax caffra, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 49 (1844:
Cape of Good Hope).
= Ancylochilus subarquatus (Güld.); Sharpe, Cat. B;
xxiv., p. 586.
Pl. 119. Scolopax phzxopus, Forst. (nee Linn.), Deser. Anim.,
p. 242 (1844: Otahaitee).
= Numenius tahitiensis (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,
p. 367.
“‘Otaheite, May 3, 1774. Tewea.”

The Otaheite Curlew was described by Latham (Gen. Syn.,
iii, pt. 1, p. 122) from a specimen in the collection of Sir Joseph
Banks, doubtless the identical one figured in Forster’s drawings.

Pl. 120. Tringa pyrrhetrea, Yorst., Deser. Anim., p. 174

(1844 : Otaheitee).

= Prosobonia leucoptera (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,
p. 525.

“Taheitee. Torow.”

The type of this now extinet species is in the Leyden
Museum.

Tt is curious that the three figures of this bird do not agree with
each other. Latham does not tell us much of the actual specimen
which he described as the White-winged Sandpiper (Gen. Syn.,
iüi., pt. 1, p. 172, pl. Ixxxii.). He appears to have seen three
specimens, which must all have been in Sir ‚Joseph Banks’

Birds. 191

possession. The only one extant to-day is the example in the
Leyden Museum, which I consider to be the bird figured by
Forster, and described by me in 1896 (Cat. B., vol. xxiv., p. 525).
The bird figured by Latham (pl. Ixxxii.) differs somewhat from
Forster’s painting, in that it is shown with a rufous eyebrow,
white lores, and a single rounded patch of white on the bend of
the wing. Forster’s specimen, it will be seen, came from Tahiti,
but the bird figured by Ellis is quite different from Forster’s and
Latham’s figures, and came, moreover, from Eimeo or York
Island, where it was called “Te-te” Ellis’ figure certainly
represents a different bird from Forster’s. It has a circlet of
rufous colour round the eye, it has a double patch on the wing-
coverts, and the median and greater wing-coverts are pale ferru-
ginous like the rump. I propose to call this bird Prosobonia ellisi.

Pl. 121. Charadrius torquatula, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 108

(1844: Dusky Bay).

= Thinornis novse zealandize (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,
xxiv., pP. 904.

“Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand.” “ Doodoorroo-
attoo.”

Latham’s “New Zealand Plover” was described from the
collection of Sir Joseph Banks, and Forster’s drawing was no
doubt taken from the same specimen.

Pl. 122. Oharadrius glareola, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 109

(1844: S. Island, New Zealand).

= Ochthodromus obscurus (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,
p: 211.

“ Ha poho-era,” April 4, 1775.

The “Dusky Plover” of Latham (Gen. Syn., pt. 1, p. 211)
was described from a specimen in Sir Joseph Banks’ collection,
and was doubtless the original of Forster’s sketch.

Pl. 123. Oharadius glaucopus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 176

(1844: Otaheitee).
= Charadrius dominieus, P. L. S. Müll. ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,
xxiy.,'p.; 195.
“ Tonga Tabboo or Amsterdam Island.”
Pl. 124. Is also Charadrius dominicus, but in more full
plumage.
‘‘ Poemanghee. New Caledonia, &, Sept. 6th, 1774.”
Pl. 125. Chionis lactea, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 330 (1844).
Is Chionis alba (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv., p. 710.
“Staten Land, Jan. 2nd, 1775.”

192 Zooloqy.

Pl. 126. Rallus troglodytes, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 110
(1844: New Zealand).

— Ocydromus australis (Sparrm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,
xxili., p. 64.

Pl. 127. Rallus paeificus, pt. Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 177
(1884, Otaheitee).

— Hypotsenidia philippensis (Linn.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,
xxiii., p. 399. Namoka, 9, July 1, 1774.

Pl. 128. Also named Rallus paeificus, but evidently a
distinet bird from the preceding one. It has a
red bill, and agrees with Forster’s diagnosis of his
Rallus pacificus, so that it must be the type of the
species.

Pl. 129. Rallus caffer, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 50 (1884:
Cape of Good Hope).

— Rallus eserulescens, Gm.; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiüi., p. 25.

Latham’s Blue-necked Rail (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 1, p. 234) is
taken from the Drawings of Sir Joseph Banks, so that this
plate is the type on which the species was founded.

Pl. 130. Rallus minutus, Forst, Deser. Anim., p. 178

(1844: Otaheitee and Tonga-Tabu).

Is Porzana tabuensis (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxii.,
paar

“Tana, 9, 12th August, 1774.”

Latham, speaking of a variety of his Tabuan Rail (Gen.
Syn., üii., pt. 1, p. 235), says :—“ Inhabits the Island of Tanna.
Sir Joseph Banks.” His remarks apply either to a specimen, or to
the drawing in the Banksian Library, probakly the former, as
there are no colours given in Forster’s Drawing, which is only
a pencil sketch (cf. Wiglesworth, Av. Polyn., p. 61, 1891;
Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 111, note).

“ Taheitee Maho.”

Pl. 131. Rallus tannensis, Forster, Deser. Anim., p. 275 (1844).
“Tana, 9, 12th August, 1774.”
= Poliolimnas einereus (V.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 130.

Pl. 132. Rallus zethiops, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 400 (1844:
Cape of Good Hope).

— Limnocorax niger (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxüi.,
p. 150. April 24, 1775.

Latham’s Black Rail (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 1, p. 236) was founded
on a specimen in the British Museum, but he does not mention
the Banksian collections in connection with the species.

| de 193

Pl. 133. O&s afra, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 51 (1844: Cape
of Good Hope).
Is Compsotis afra (Forst.) [$ ]; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii.,
p- 293.

Latham’s White-eared Bnstard (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 2, p. 802,
pl. Ixix.) is founded on “a pair in the possession of Sir Joseph
Banks” (und& Otis afra, Gm. Syst. Nat., i., p. 724).

Pl. 134. The two figures on this plate are apparently the

female and young male of Compsotis afra.

Pl. 135. Tetrao capensis, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 400 (1844;

South Africa).
= Francolinus capensis (Gm.) (cf. Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B.,
21. pP: 165).

The type of Latham’s “ Cape Partridge” (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 2,
p- 756) was in the British Museum.

Pl. 136. Oolumba leucophrys, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 168

(1844 : Otaheitee).

= Phlogenas erythroptera (Gm.); cf. Salvad., Cat. B.,
xxi., p. 600 [vide postea, p. ‚for Latham’s Garnet-
winged Pigeon, described from a specimen in the
Leverian Museum |.

“ Tahiti.”

Pl. 137. Columba argetrea, Forst, Descr. Anim., p. 80

(1844: New Zealand).

= Hemiphaga nove zealandie (Gm.) (cf. Salvad.,
Cat. B., xxi., p. 236).

“ Dusky Bay, N.Z., April 3, 1773. Harreroo.”

This seems to be the type of Latham’s “New Zealand
Pigeon” (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 2, p. 640), as he gives Forster’s
note, but does not mention the Banksian specimens or drawings.

Pl. 138. Columba zanthura, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 264

(1844: Tanna).

Latham describes this species as among Sir Joseph Banks’
drawings, but he refers to it as a variety of his “ Hooked-billed
Pigeon,” with which it has nothing to do. He names it Columba
tamnensis in his “ Index Ornithologieus,” vol. ii., p. 600, = Ptilopus
tannensis (Lath.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 127).

Pl. 139. Columba globicera, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 166

(1844 : Tonga-Tabu et Eavowe: Otaheitee).

I am inclined to think that this figure represents Columba
pacifica, Gm. (Globicera pacifica, Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 173),
though Couut Salvadori seems to entertain some doubt about it.

WOL.-II. 0

194 Zoology.

The plate is the type of Columba forsteri, Wagler, Isis, 1829,
p- 739.
Pl. 140 = 9 Columba porphyracea, Forst., Deser. Anim.,
p- 167 (1844: Tropical Islands).
Is Ptilopus porphyraceus, Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 100.
‘“ Taheiti. Oo-oö-pa.”
Pl. 141. Ditto, ditto. Male.
Pl. 142. Columba ferruginea, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 265
(1844: Tanna).
“Tanna, 9,17th August, 1774.”

This plate was examined by Count Salvadori, who was
unable to identify the species (c/. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 605).

Pl. 143. Alauda littorea, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 90 (1844 :

New Zealand).
= Anthus novee zealandize (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit.
Mus, z.,p: 616.

“ Kogoo uroare.”

The “New Zealand Lark” of Latham (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 2,
p. 384, pl. li.) was founded on this plate, “from Sir Joseph
‚ Banks’ Drawings.” The figure is therefore the type of A. nove
ealandie (Gm. ex Lath.).

Pl. 144. Sturnus caruneulatus, Forster, Descr. Anim., p. 81

(1844: New Zealand).
= (readion carunculatus (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., iii.,
p. 144.

See Latham’s description of his “ Wattled Stare,” where he
refers to Dr. Forster’s notes. See postea, p.

Pl. 145. Loxia turdus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 85 (1844: New

Zealand).

= Turnagra erassirostris (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii.,
p- 4.

“ Dusky Bay, Queen Charlotte’s Sound, April 4, 1773.”

Pl. 146. Turdus badius, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 239 (1844:

Oriadea).

= Turdus ulietensis, Gm. ; cf. Seebohm, Cat. B.,v., p. 276,
note. Aplonis inornata, Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 135,
note.

“ Raietea, @, June 1, 1774.”

Mr. Seebohm (l.c.) considered this figure to be that of a
Merula, and he gave a figure of it in the fifth volume of the
“Catalogue,” adding a yellow eyelid, which is not in Forster’s
pieture. I cannot identify the species for certain (cf. Cat. B.,
xiil., p. 276, note), but I have little doubt that it is the “ Bay

Birds. 195

Thrush”of Latham’s ‘‘ General Synopsis” (ii., pt. 1, p. 35), unde
Turdus ulietensis, Gm. The specimen is said to be “in the
collection of Sir Joseph Banks.”

Pl. 1474. Turdus phoenicurus, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 404

(1844: Cape of Good Hope).
= (ossypha caffra (Linn.) ; ef. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 39).
Pl. 1478. Turdus sordidulus, Forst., Descer. Anim., p. 404
(1844 : Cape of Good Hope).
= Saxieola familiaris, Stephens.
Pl. 148. Turdus ochrotarsus, Forst, Deser. Anim., p. 82
(1844: New Zealand). “No. 3. N.Z., Dusky Bay,
March 28th, 1773.”

Sir Walter Buller, in his “Supplement” tothe “ Birds of New
Zealand” (p. 123), separates Miro ochrotarsus from M. albifrons
(Gm.) (ef. Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., iv., p. 235).

He admits two distinct forms of Miro as inhabiting the South
Island of New Zealand, viz., M. albifrons, Gm., “with the
under parts rufescent,” and M. ochrotarsus (Forster), “ with
almost the entire under parts pale lemon-yellow, and a con-
spicuous spot of white on the forehead.”

Forster’s Turdus ochrotarsus is described as having the breast,
abdomen and vent pale “ rufescent.”

Latham’s White-fronted Thrush (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 1, p. 71) is
described from a specimen, in Sir Joseph Banks’ collection, from
“Dusky Bay, New Zealand.” It is said to have “the under
parts dirty yellowish buff-colour.” From this it would appear
that Miro ochrotarsus (Forster) is identical with M. albifrons
(Gen. Syst. Nat., i., p. 822) founded on Latham’s “ White-
fronted Thrush,” both having rufescent or buff under parts.
Sir Walter Buller’s M. ochrotarsus (nee Forster) with the lemon-
coloured belly requires a new name, which I propose to call
M. bulleri.

Pl. 149. Turdus minutus, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 83 (1844:

New Zealand).
= Petr&ca macrocephala (Gm.) ; ef. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv.,
p. 176. “Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand.”

The type of the “Great-headed Tit ” of Latham (Gen. Syn.,
ii., p. 557, pl. lv.) is founded on specimens in Sir Joseph Banks’
collection.

Pl. 150. “ Turdus diabaphus.”

Muscicapa diabapha, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 267 (1844
Norfolk Island).

0o2

196 Zoology.

— Petreca multicolor (Gm.), founded on the Red-bellied
Flycatcher of Latham (Gen. Syn., ü., pt. 1, p. 343,
pl. 50), “in Sir Joseph Banks’ collection,” probably the
same specimen as was figured by Forster ; cf. Sharpe,
Cat. B., iv., p. 168.

“Norfolk Island, &, 11th Oct., 1774.”

Pl. 151. Turdus zanthopus, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 266 (1844:

New Caledonia).

— Merula zanthopus (Forst.) ; cf. Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p.
276 ; Sharpe in Seebohm’s Monogr. Turdid., ii., p. 139,
pl. 126.

This figure represents the type of the species.

Pl. 152. Loxia oryx, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 53 (1844).

— Pyromelana oryx (Linn.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii.,p. 230.

Pl. 153. “ Loxia pulchella.’ Fringilla pulchella, Forst., Deser.

Anim., p. 273 (1844: New Oaledonia).

— Erythrura psittacea (Gm.);cf.Sharpe, Cat. B.,xiii.,p. 382.

“New Caledonia.”

The “Parrot Finsch” of Latham (Gen. Syn. ii., part |],
p. 287, pl. xlviii.) is founded on Forster’s specimens. “This is a
most beautiful species, and was shot by Dr. J. R. Forster at
New Caledonia.”

Pl. 154. Fringilla bieineta, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 405 (1844:

Cape of Good Hope).

This is the Sgure on which Latham founded his description
of the White-cheeked Finch (Gen. Syn., ii., part 1, p. 278, 1783,
= Fringilla nzevia, Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i., part 2, p. 911, 1788).
Latham says: “Inhabits the Cape of Good Hope. From a
drawing in the possession of Sir Joseph Banks.” This is
Fringillaria eapensis (Linn.).

Pl. 154. Muscicapa dubia, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 406 (1844:

Cape of Good Hope).

= Sphen&acus africanus (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii.,
p. 95.

Pl. 155. Muscicapa ventilabrum, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 86

(1844: New Zealand).

— Rhipidura flabellifera (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv.,
p. 308.

“Dusky Bay, N.Z., March 25, 1773.”

A note on the plate says: “Fan-tailed Flycatcher, Lath.,
Gen. Syn., ii., p. 340, no. 33, tab. 49, from this drawing.”
Latham seems to have seen more than one specimen, and does
not speeify where his type came from.

Birds. 197

Pl. 156. Luteous Flycatcher, Lath., Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 1.,
p. 342 (founded on Forster’s drawing), Muscicapa lutea,
Gm., S. N., p. 944 ; Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 169 (1844:
Ötaheitee), and M. atra, Forst., t.c., p. 171.
Is Pomarea nigra (Sparrm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv.,
p. 434.
Pl. 157. Muscicapa chloris, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 87 (1544:
New Zealand).
= (litonyx ochrocephala (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Hand-list B.,
Ivy p- 1.
“Queen Charlotte’s Sound.”

Latham specifically mentions that his description of his
Yellow-headed Flycatcher (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 1, p. 342) was
taken from a drawing in the Banksian Collection.

Pl. 158. Muscicapa heteroclita, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 271

(1844: Tana)).

= Zosterops flavifrons (Gm.); ef. Sharpe, Cat. B., ix.,
p- 187.

“Tana, Aug. 7, 1774.”

Latham’s “ Yellow-fronted Flycatcher” was founded on
Forster’s drawing, or on specimens in Sir Joseph Banks’ Museum.

Pl. 159. Muscicapa nzevia, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 269 (1844:

New Caledonia).
Is Symmorphus nsevius (Gm.) ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv.,p. 110.

This is the figure on which the name of the species was
founded. It is the “Nxvous Flycatcher,” Lath., Gen. Syn., ii.,
pt. 1, p. 343 (1783), = Muscicapa nsevia, Gm., Syst. Nat., p. 944.

Pl. 160. Motacilla gracula, Forst., Desecr. Anim., p. 324

(1844: Tierra del Fuego).
= (inclodes patagonicus (Gm.) ; Sclater, Cat. B., xv., p. 22.

Latham’s “Patagonian Warbler” is described from a
specimen in the Leverian Museum.

Pls. 161, 162. Motaeilla seticauda, Forst., Deser. Anim.,

p- 328 (1844 : Tierra del Fuego).

A MS. note on Plate 161 quotes Latham’s reference, and
adds: “From this figure and the following.”

Is the Thorn-tailed Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., ii., part 2,
p. 463, tab. 52. “Imhabits Tierra del Fuego. In the
collection of Sir Joseph Banks.” Motacilla spinicauda,
Gm., Syst. Nat., i., part 2, p. 978: Oxyurus spinicauda,
Scl., Cat. B., xv., p. 30: Aphrastura spinicauda, Sharpe,
Handl-list B., iüi., p. 51.

‘“ Tierra del Fuego, December 21, 1774.”

198 Zooloqy.

Pl. 163. Motaeilla magellanica, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 326
(1844: Tierra del Fuego).
= Scytalopus magellanicus (Gm.); cf. Scl., Cat. B., xv.,
p. 338).
“Tierra del Fuego, 9, 28th December, 1774.”

This drawing is the type of the Magellanice Warbler, Lath.,
Gen. Syn., ii., part 2, p. 464 (from Sir J. Banks’ drawings).

Pl. 164. Motacilla eitrinella, Forst., Descr. Anim., p. 89

(1844: New Zealand).

Citrine Warbler, Lath., Gen. Syn., ii., part 2, p. 464 (from
Sir J. Banks’ drawings).

“ Dusky Bay, New Zealand.”

This is the type of -Motaeilla eitrina, Gm., founded on
Latham’s “Citrine Warbler.” The drawing would appear to
represent an adult female, according to the identifications of
Mr. Ogilvie-Grant (“ Ibis,” 1905, pp. 595, 596).

Pl. 165. Motacilla longipes, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 88

(1844: New Zealand).
= Xenicus longipes (Gm.) ; Scl., Cat. B., xiv., p. 452.

This figure is the type, on which Latham founded the name
and description of his “ Long-legged Warbler ” ; cf. Gen. Syn., ii.,
part 2, p. 465 (= Motacilla longipes, Gm., ex Lath.). He says
that it was taken from Sir J. Banks’ drawings. He also gives
the locality, Dusky Bay, New Zealand, and the native name,
E Teetee tee poinom, evidently copied from this plate.

Pl. 166. Parus urostigma, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 90 (1844:

New Zealand).

= Üerthiparus novee zealandize (Gm.) ; cf. Gadow, Cat. B.,
viii., p. 76.

“Dusky Bay. Native name Töe töe.”

This figure represents Latham’s description of the New
Zealand Titmouse, Gen. Syn., ii., part 2, p. 558 (und& Parus
novze zealandise, Gm.). Latham mentions that it was taken from
Banks’ Drawings, and therefore Forster’s plate becomes the
type of the species. |

Pl. 167. Hirundo pyrrholaeema, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 241

(1844 : Otahaitee).

= Hirundo tahitica, Gm. ; cf. Sharpe and Wyatt, Monogr.
Hirundinid, i., p. 275.

“ Taheite.”

Lathanı speaks of having seen a specimen in the collection of
Sir J. Banks, and on this he founded the description of his
“ Otaheite Swallow.”

Birds. 199

Pl. 168. Hirundo peruviana, Forst., Deser. Anim., p. 240
(1844 : Ötaheitee).
This figure is intended to represent Collocalia franeica (Gm.) ;
cf. Hartert, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., xvi., p. 502 (note).

EıLLis’ DRAWwINGS.

Wırrıam W. Errıs accompanied Capt. Cook on his third
voyage, as an artist. His Drawings of Birds consist of 96
illustrations, mostly coloured, and are very passably executed
(ef. Hist. Coll. Brit. Mus., I., Libraries, p. 35).

Pl. 7. Oriental Falcon, Lath., Gen. Syn., i., p. 34 (1781);
“in the possession of Mr. Banks.”
unde Falco orientalis, Gm., Syst. Nat., i., p. 264 (1788)
(cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., i., p. 376).
“Flew on board off Japan. W. W. Ellis ad viv. del. et
pinx., 1779.”
A young Peregrine Falcon.

Pl. 8. Strix funerea.
= Surnia funerea (Linn.) (cf. Cat. B., ii, p. 151).
Sandwich Sound, N.W. Coast of America.

Pl. 9. Tabuan Shrike, Lath., Gen. Syn., i., p. 164 (1781).
und& Lanius tabuensis, Gm., Syst. Nat., i., p. 306 (1788).
Aplonis tabuensis, Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 130.
“The Friendly Isles, 1778.”
The Tabuan Shrike was described by Latham from a
specimen from Tongatabu in the Leverian Museum, probably
the identical one figured by Ellis.

Pl. 10. “ Pulo Condore. W.Ellisad viv. delin! et pinx., 1780.”
= (ittoeinchla suavis (Sel.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 85).

Pl. 11. Parrakeet. “ From Middleburgh.”

On the plate is written in MS.: “ Lath., vol. i., p. 214, no. 16.”
On referring to this volume we find the Tabuan Parrot figured
(Pl. vii.), =Psittacus tabuensis, Gm., Syst. Nat,2,p. 317 (1.788),
= Pyrrhulopsis tabuensis (Gm.) ; cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 494.

Another MS. note on Ellis’ plate refers the species to
Psittacus hysginus, of Forster, which Count Salvadori thinks may
have been intended for the bird now called Pyrrhulopsis kordoensis,
Layard (cf. Salvad., t.c., p. 496). This may be the case, but
Ellis’ figure is not P. tabuensis, as there is no sign of a blue
collar.

200 Zoology.

Pl. 12. A red-fronted Parrakeet. Identified in MSS. as
Psittacus paecifieus, Forster, which is Cyanorhamphus
nove zealandise (Sparrm.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xx.,
p- 581).
“New Zealand.” “W. W. Ellis ad viv. delin. et pinx.,
1700
Latham founded his “Pacific Parrakeet” (Gen. Syn., i.,
p- 252, 1781) on a specimen in the Leverian Museum. His
“ Var. A” came from New Zealand.
Pl. 13. Identified as Psittacus euchloris, Forster. It is the
““ Blue-crested Parrakeet” of Latham, Gen. Syn., i., p.
254 (1781), described from a specimen in the Leverian
Museum, probably the same as that figured by Ellis.
= Vini australis (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., t.c., p. 43).
“ Friendlv Isle.” “W. W. Ellis ad viv. ete., 1778.”
Pl. 14. Identified as Psittacus sapphirinus, Forster.
Ötaheitan Blue Parrakeet, Latham, t.c., p. 255, = Psitta-
cus taitianus, Gm., Syst. Nat., i., p. 329 (1788).
= (oriphilus taitianus (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., t.c, p. 46).
“ Otaheitee. W. W. Ellis delt, ete., 1778.”
Pl. 15. Identified as Psittacus hypopolius, Forster.
Is the “Southern Brown Parrot” o£ Latham (Gen. Syn.,
i., p. 264), from the Leverian Museum.
= Nestor meridionalis (Gm.) (cf. Salvad., t.c, p. 5).
“New Zealand.”
Pl. 16. Named, apparently by G. R. Gray, and quite correctly,
Platycercus flaviventris (Temm.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B.,
xx, 1p- 948).
‘‘ Adventure Bay, New Holland. W. W. Ellis ad vivum
delin: pinxit: 1777.”
Pi. 17. A pencil sketch of a Drongo (Dissemurus). “ Princes
Island and Pulo Condore.”
Pl. 18. Pacific Thrush, Lath.
= Lalage pacifica (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 97).
“Friendly Isles. W. W. Ellis ad vivum delin. et
pinx., 1078.
The Pacific Thrush was described by Latham (Gen. Syn., ii.,
pt. i., p. 38, 1783), from a specimen in Banks’ collection, doubtless
the one from which Ellis drew his figure.
Pl. 19. Is Colaptes auratus (Linn.) (cf. Hargitt, Cat. B,,
xviil., p. 12).

“King George’s Sound. W. Ellis del., ete., 1778.”

Birds. 201

Pl. 20. Is Picoides americanus, Brehm. (cf. Hargitt, Cat. B.,
zvill., p: 279).

«Norton Sound. W. W. Ellis ad viv. del., etc., 1778.”

Pl. 21. Is Sitta europea, Linn., from “Kamtschatka. W.
Ellis del., ete., 1779.”

This would be the form named by Taczanowski Sitta albifrons,
which Dr. Hartert (Vög. Pal. Fauna, Heft ii., p. 331) recognises
as Sitta europea albifrons. /

Pl. 22. Is apparently a figure of Todirhamphus wiglesworthi,
Sharpe (antea, p. ), wbich is T. tutus, Sharpe et
auct. passim (nec Gm.), and is the same as T. veneratus
(Gm.). See my remarks (antea, p. ):

“Otaheite.e W. W. Ellis ad viv. delin., ete., 1777.”

Latham’s description was taken from a specimen in the
Leverian Museum, probably the very one drawn by Ellis.

Pl. 23. .Is the “ Respected Kingfisher,” Lath., Gen. Syn., i.,

pt. 2, p. 624 (1781).

= Todirhamphus tutus (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xvü.,
p- 291) = T. veneratus (Gm.).

“Friendly and Society Isles. Otaheitee—Erooroo. Ulietea
—Tautoria. W. Ellis” (no date).

Latham’s description may have been taken from Ellis’
Drawing, but does not quite agree.

Pl. 24. Is Promerops cafer (Linn.) (cf. Gadow, Cat. B., ix.,

p- 283).
“Cape of Good Hope.”

Pl. 25. Is Prosthemadera novzx-zealandie (Gm.) (cf. Gadow,
Cat. B., ix., p. 257). “Certhia cireinnata, Forst.” is
written in pencil on the plate.

Pl. 26. Is Moho nobilis (Merrem) (cf. Gadow, Cat., ix., p. 284).

“Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis delin. et pinx. ad viv.,
719.2
Described as the “ Yellow-tufted Bee-eater” by Latham
(Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2, p, 683 (1784)).
= Merops niger, Gm., Syst. Nat., i, p. 465 (1788).
Of. Acrulocereus nobilis, Wilson and Evans, Av. Hawai-
enses, p. 105, pl. 40.
Pl. 27. Is Drepanis pacifica (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,x.,p. 5).
“Sandwich Isles.. W. W. Ellis ad vivum delin. et pinx.,
1779.” Cf. Wilson and Evans, Av. Hawaienses, p. 3,
pl. 3).

Pl. 28. Hemignathus obscurus (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x.,

p. 4).

Zoology.

“Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis, ad viv. delin: et pinx:
17792

Gmelin’s Certhia obseura (Syst. Nat., i., p. 470, 1788), is
founded on the “ Hook-billed Creeper ” of Latham, Gen. Syn., i.,
pt. 2, p. 703, pl. xxxiii., fig. 1 (1782). The type was in the
Leverian Museum, and at the sale of the latter was purchased
by the Earl of Derby, and is now in the Liverpool Museum.

On this plate is founded Gray’s name of Drepanis ellisiana
(Cat. B., Trop. Isl., p. 9). (f. Wilson and Evans, Av. Hawaienses,
p. 67, pl. 28.

Pl. 29. Is Vestiaria coceinea (G. Forster) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,

>
“Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad viv. delin. et pinx.,
1779.” Of. Wilson and Evans, t.c., p. 9, pls. 5, 6.

Pl. 30. Crimson Creeper, Latham, Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2, p. 739

(1882).
= Himatione sanguinea (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,x., p. 8).
“Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad viv. delin. et pinx.,

17,19%

Described by Latham from a specimen in the Leverian
Museum, doubtless the same one as that drawn by Ellis.
Cf. Wilson and Evans, i.c., p. 19, pl. 8.

Pl. 31. Olive-green Creeper, Lath., Gen. Syn., i., pt. 2, p. 740

Pl:

B.

Pl.

B

21:

-—

l:

-—

(1782; specimen in Leverian Museum).

= Himatione virens (Gm.) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 9).

“Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1779.”
Cf. Wilson and Evans, i.c., p. 29, pl. 14.

32. Is Selasphorus rufus (Gm.) (cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xvi.,
P2932):

“ King George’s Sound.”

33. “ Anas hyemalis. Kamtschatka. W.W. Ellis ad viv.,
etc., 1779.”

Is Harelda glacialis (Linn.) (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii.,
p. 389).

34. “ Anas histrionica. Kamtschatka.”

— (osmonetta histrionica (Linn.) ; Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii.,
p- 395.

35. “ Anas stelleri. Kamtschatka.”

— Heniconetta stelleri (Pall.); Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii.,
p-+419:

36. Is Merganser serrator (Linn.); Salvadori, Cat. B.,xxvii.,
p. 479.

“Sandwich Sound, N.W. coast, America.”

Pl.

Pl.

Pl.

Pl.

Bl:

BI.

Bl!

Di.

Bl:

pi:

PI.

Pl.

Bl

BT:

16

Dirds. 205

37. Is Lunda eirrhata (Pall.) ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 612.

“Coast between Asia and America. W. Ellis ad vivum
delin. et pinx., 1778.”

38. Is Simorhynchus cristatellus (Pall.); Grant, Cat. B.,
3Y1., p. 601.

“Bird Island, between Asia and America. W. Ellis ad
vivum, ete., 1778.”

39. Giant Petrel, Lath., Gen. Syn. iii., pt. 2, p. 396,
pl. c. (1785).

= Ossifraga gigantea (Gm.) ; Salvin, Cat. B., xxv., p. 422.
‘Island of Desolation. W.Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1776.”

40. Is a species of Puflinus.

““ Amongst the ice.”

41. Apparently a Diomedea of some sort (cf. Salvin,
Cat. B., xxv., p. 441).

“ Amongst the Ice. W. W. Ellis ad vivum, etc., 1779.”

42. A grey Ossifraga gigantea.

““ Amongst the Ice. W. W. Ellis, ete., 1779.”

43. Is Prion desolatus (Gm.) (cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,
p. 434).

“Island of Desolation. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1776.”

44, Diomedea exulans (Linn.) (cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xxv.,
p. 441).

« At sea between Van Diemen’s Land and New Zealand.”

45. Two figures of Catarrhactes chrysocome (Forst.);
Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 6955.

“ Island of Desolation. W.W. Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1776.”

46. Aptenodytes patagonica, Forst. ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi.,
p- 627.

“ Island of Desolation.”

47. Head of Sula cyanops, Sundev. ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi.,
p. 430.

“Turtle Island. W. W. Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1777.”

48. A small figure with head and egg (full-size) of
Phasöthon rubrieauda, Bodd.; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 451.

“Palmerston Island. W. Ellis ad vivum, etec., 1777.”

49. Is Uria grylle (Linn.) ; Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 573.
« Unalashka. W. Ellis ad vivum, etc., 1778.”

50. Is Uria lomdia (Pall.) ; Grant, t.e., p. 577.

“Unalashka. W. Ellis ad vivum, etc., 1778.”

5l. Is Rissa tridaetyla (Linn.), Saunders, Cat. B., xxv.,
p- 305.

“Kamtschatka. W. Ellis ad vivum, etc., 1778.”

204 Zoology.

Pl. 52. Is apparently Zarus veg&, Stejn.; Saunders, Cat. B.,
ZEV, P-"270.
“ Kamtschatka. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1779.”
Pl.53. Is Anous stolidus (Gm.) ; Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 136.
“ Palmerston Island.”
Pl. 54. Is apparently Sterna vittata, Gm. ; Saunders, Cat. B.,
XV, P-Dl.
“Island of Desolation. W. W. Ellis ad viv., Er 17782

Latham’s “ Wreathed Tern ” (Gen. Syn., iii., Dt. 2 2, p. 359
1785), on which Gmelin founded his Sterna vittata, was said
to be from Sir Joseph Banks’ collection. Christmas Island is
a misprint for Christmas Harbour, Kerguelen Land, as has been
pointed out by Mr. Howard Saunders (l.e.).

Pl. 55. Sterna serrata, Forst.

= Sterna fuliginosa, Gm. ; Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 106.
“Turtle Island. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.”
Pl. 56. White Tern, Lath., Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 2, p. 363 (1785,
from a specimen in the Leverian Museum).
Is @Gygis candida (Gm.) ; Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 149.
«Turtle Island. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.”
Pl. 57. Sterna frontalis, Gray ; Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 97.
“‘ At Sea between New Zealand and Modieu. W.W.
Ellis ad viv., ete., 1777.

The name of Sterna striata of Gmelin is founded on the
“ Striated Tern,” Lath., Gen. Syn., iüi., p. 358, pl. 98. The bird
is described from Sir Joseph Banks’ Drawings, and Latham’s
figure is certainly adapted from Ellis Drawing. SS. striata
appears to supersede $. frontalis as a name for the species.

Pl. 58. Is Demiegretta sacra (Gm.) (mnute phase) ; Sharpe,

Cat B, zxv1-,P.197.
“ anal, Isles.”

The Sacred Heron of Latham (Gen. Syn., iii., pt. 1, p. 92,
1785), was described from a specimen in the collection of
Sir Joseph Banks, from Otaheite.

Pl. 59. Is Chionarchus minor (Hartl.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,

pP-71%
“ Kerguelens Land. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1776.”
Pl. 60. Is probably Limonites minutlla (Vieill.); Sharpe,
Cat. B., xxiv., p. 548.
“King George’s Sound. W. Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1778.”
Pl. 61. Is Pelidna americana (Cass.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,
p. 608.
«King George’s Sound. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.”

Dirds. 205

Pl. 62. Is Heteractitis incanus (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,
p. 453.
“« King George’s Sound. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.”

Pl. 63. Is Phalaropus hyperboreus (Linn.); Sharpe, Cat. B.,

xxiv., p. 698.
“Between Asia and America. W. Ellis ad vivum, etc.,
118.”
Pl. 64. Is Rhyacophilus glareola (Gm.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,
p. 491.
““ Christmas Isle. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.”
Pl. 65. ? Prosobonia leucoptera (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,
p- 925.
“ Eimeo or York Isle. ‘ Tete.’”

This species is now believed to be extinct, and the only
specimen of Prosobonia known is in the Leyden Museum ; cf.
Schl., Mus. Pays Bas, Scolopaces, p. 18 (1564); see antea, p.
where I have described Ellis’ figure as P. ellisi.

Pl. 66. Is Aphriza virgata (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,

p. 208.
“Sandwich Sound.”
Pl. 67. Is Hgialitis eueullatus (Vieill.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiv.,
p- 302.
« Adventure Bay. W. Ellis, ad vivum, 1777.”
Pl. 68 = Oharadrius dominieus, P. L. S. Müll. ; Sharpe, Cat.
Br zziv., p: 195.
“ Christmas Isle. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1778.”
Pl. 69 = Gallinula sandwichensis, Streets. ; Sharpe, Cat. B.,
xxiil., p. 180.
“Sandwich Isles.” Cf. Scott Wilson and Evans, Av.
Hawaienses, p. 156, pl. 55 (1893).
Pl. 70. Pennula sandwichensis (Gm.).
“Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete.”

Cf. Wilson and Evans, Av. Haw., p. 175, pl. 57. Here the
whole question of these small Crakes (Pennula) is discussed,
and Ellis’ plate is reproduced for comparison with P. wilsoni,
Finsch,

Pl. 71. Is Phlogenas erythroptera (Gm.); Salvad., Cat. B.,

xx1., p. 600.
“ York Isle or Eimeo.” “Oo-00 widou W. W. Ellis ad
viv., ete., 1777.”

The plate has been identified as Columba pectoralis by some
one, probably G. R. Gray (ef. Cat. B., Trop. Isl., p. 44).
Latham’s type of his “ Garnet-winged Pigeon ”

’

was from Eimeo,

N)

206

Zoology.

and was in the Leverian Museum ; it was probably the actual
specimen figured by Ellis from Sir J. Banks’ collection.

1%

Pl;

Pi:

2:

178

Bl.

72. Is Globicera pacifica(Gm.); Salvad., Cat. B., xxi.,p. 173.
“ Friendly Isles. W. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1778.”

73. Is the “Wattled Stare,” Latham, Gen. Syn., ii.,
part 1, p. 9, pl. 36 (1783), deseribed from a specimen
in the Leverian Museum.

—= (readion carunculatus (Gm.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 144.

“New Zealand. W. W. Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1777.”

74. Fig. 1= Hesperoeichla nzvia (Gm.); cf. Seebohm,
Cat Bw, Dp. 110.

“King George’s Sound. W. Ellis ad vivum, ete., 1778.”

74. Fig. 2 is Turdus migratorius, Linn. ; cf. Seebohm, Cat.
Bz Yv.; p: 220:

“ King George’s Sound.”

75. Is Calliope calliope (Pall.) ; cf. Seebohm, Cat. B., v.,
p- 905.

“ Kamtschatka. W. Ellis ad viv., ete., 1779.”

76. Is Tatare longirostris (Gm.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii.,
p- 525 ; id., Hand. B., iv., p. 189.

« Eimeo or York Island.”

The type of Latham’s “ Long-billed Thrush ” was from Eimeo,
and he mentions several other specimens as being in Sir J.
Banks’ collection from York Island. The species was described
from a specimen in the Leverian Museum. From one of these
birds Ellis’ figure was doubtless taken.

Bi:

Bl.

Bl:

m.

77. Is Pheeornis obscura (Gm.), founded on the Dusky
Flycatcher of Latham, Gen. Syn., ii., pt. I, p. 344
(1783), described from a specimen in the Leverian
Museum, probably the very specimen figured by Ellis.

“Sandwich Isles.”

78. Is Graucalus parvirostris, Gould ; Sharpe, Cat. B., iv.,
p- 32.

« Adventure Bay, Van Diemen’s Land. W. W. Ellis ad
viv., ete,, 1717,

79. Is the “ Parrot-billed Grosbeak ” of Latham (Gen.
Syn., ii., pt. 1, p. 108, pl. 42, 1783), described from a
specimen in the Leverian Museum.

= Psittirostra psittacea (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 51.

“Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis, ete., 1779.”

80. Is Calcarius lapponicus (Linn.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xii.,
p. 579.

“ TJnalaschka.. W. W. Ellis, ete., 1778.”

Bl:

Pl.

Bl.

Pl.

2.

Jelk

Birds. Ahr

81. Is Zonotrichia coronata (Pall.); Sharpe, Cat. B., xii.,
p. 600.

“Sandwich Sound. W. Ellis ad vivum, ete. 1778.”

82. Represents the ® of Z. coronata, with nest and eggs
figured.

83. Is Montifringilla brunneinucha (Brandt) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Bas, px 278.

«Off the coast of Japan. W. W.Ellis ad viv., ete., 1775.”

84. Is a 2 Brambling, Fringilla montifringilla, L.;
Sharpe, Cat. B., xii., p. 178.

“Off the coast of Japan. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1779.”

85. Is a & Loxops coceinea (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., x.,
p- 50.

“ Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad. viv., ete., 1779.”

86. This figure has been identified in MSS. on the plate
as Turdus minutus of Forster.

= Petreca macrocephala (Gm.); Sharpe, Cat. B., iv.,
p: 1:46.

«New Zealand. W. W. Ellis ad. viv., ete., 1777.”

This identification seems to me to be wrong, and Ellis’ figure
is more like Petreca toitoi (Garn.), though the white used for
colouring the under parts has changed to a dull brown.

Pl.

87. Is Chasiempis sandvicensis (Gm.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., iv.,
p. 232.
“Sandwich Isles. W. W. Ellis ad. viv., ete., 1779.”

The “Sandwich Flycatcher ” of Latham (Gen. Syn., ii., pt. 1,
p- 344, 1783) was founded on a specimen “in the collection of
Sir Joseph Banks,” perhaps the identical one figured by Ellis.

21:

Bl:

Pi.

1a

88. Is apparently Wilsonia pusilla (Wils.) ; Sharpe, Cat.
B., x., p. 435.

“Between Asia and America. W. W. Ellis ad. viv., ete:,
1778.”

Of. Ridgw., Birds, N. and Middle America, ii., p.

89. Is Oyanecula swceica (Linn.).

Erythacus coeruleculus, Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p. 308.

“On the ice.”

90. Is Sazxicola eenanthe (Linn.); Seebohm, Cat. B., v.,
p- 391.

“On the ice. W. Ellis ad viw., etc.,1778.”

91. Young Wagtail.

“Caught on board, lat. 66°. W.W. Ellis ad viv., etc.
1778.”

Apparently a young Motaeilla flava.

208 Zoology.

Pl. 92 = Tatare sequinoetialis (Lath.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B., vii.,
p. 528.
Acrocephalus aequinoetialis, Sharpe, Handl. B., iv., p. 190.
“ Christmas Isle. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1778.”

Latham described this bird (Gen. Syn., Suppl. i., p. 187) from
the papers of Mr. Anderson, and does not mention Ellis’ Drawings
or Sir Joseph Banks’ colleetion.

Pl. 93. Fig. 1. Parus insularis, Hellmayr (cf. Hartert, Vög.

Pal. Fauna, i., p. 359).
Fig. 2. Parus minor, Temm. (cf. Hartert, £.c., p. 346).
“Coast of Japan. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1779.”
Pl. 94. Is Parus hudsonicus, Forst. (cf. Hellmayr, Tierr.
Parid, p. 71).
«Norton Sound. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1778.”
Pl. 95 = Malurus cyaneus (Ellis) ; Cat. B., iv., p. 286.
« Adventure Bay. W. W. Ellis ad viv., 1777.”

This is the Tasmanian Superb Warbler, described by me in
1879 in the “Catalogue of Birds” (iv., p. 287) as Malurus
gouldi. This must now be called Malurus eyaneus (Ellis), and
the Australian species, hitherto called M. eyaneus by authors,
“ must bear the name of M. superbus (Shaw).

Pl. 96. Is Collocalia leucophzea (Peale) ; Hartert, Cat. B., xvi.,

p- 502.
““ Friendly Isles.”

Forster’s Drawing represents a different species to that figured
by Ellis, which shows a white rump.

1809-1820.

Tue BULLOCK COLLECTION.

When Dr. Leach was Keeper of the Zoological Department,
he represented the British Museum at the sale of Bullock’s great
collection, and ' several birds were bought for the National
Museum. Unfortunately many of the most valuable specimens,
including a number from Captain Cook’s voyages, were allowed
to pass into the hands of purchasers from abroad, and left the
country. These specimens were probably acquired by Bullock at
the dispersal of the Leverian Museum.

Professor Newton possesses a copy of the Sale-Catalogue of
Bullock’s Collection, and he has most generously lent it to me,
thus enabling me to trace the history of many important

Dirds. 209

specimens from the collections made during Cook’s voyages. As
we gather from Latham’s “ General Synopsis,” quite a number of
Sir Joseph Banks’ birds must have been given by him to Sir
Ashton Lever, instead of to the British Museum.

Professor Newton’s copy is marked with the names of the
purchasers and the prices paid for the specimens.* It is a most
interesting little volume, showing that the sale was attended by
naturalists from various countries, Dr. Leach being the purchaser
for the British Museum. From the copy lent me by Professor
Newton, we learn that Dr. Adams attended for the Edinburgh
Museum, Professor Temminck for Leyden, Mr. Fector for
Vienna, while Baron Laugier represented Paris, and Professor
Lichtenstein, Berlin.

The sale commenced on the 29th of April, 1819, and the
Catalogue has, as a frontispiece, a sketch of the “ Interior of the
Great Room of the Egyptian Hall.” The following is the title of
the “ Catalogue ” :—

Pırr First, | containing the first six days’ sale. ]
Catalogue | (without which no Person can be admitted to the
View or Sale) | of the | Roman GaLLEry, | of | ANTI-
QUITIES AND WORKS OF ART, | and the | Loxpon
Museum of NaruraL History : | (unquestionably the most
extensive and valuable in Europe) | at the | Esyprıan
Harz ın Pıccaniuıy; | WHICH WILL BE SOLD BY
AUCTION, | positively without the least reserve, | BY
Mr. Burrock, | on the premises, | on Thursday the 29'h of
April, 1819, | And continue every Tuesday, Wednesday,
Thursday, and Friday, till the whole | is sold. | Te commence
precisely at Ox& o’clock.

The remaining Parts of the Catalogue, about Twenty days, will

be published with all possible | speed; the Articles to be viewed
THREE Days previous to that on which they are respectively | sold.

William Bullock was, according to the “Dictionary of
National Biography ” (vol. vii., p. 256), in 1808 a jeweller and
goldsmith in Liverpool, and it was in this town that his Museum
was originally started. In the Zoological Library in the Natural
History Museum is a small octavo tract, being the seventh

* Since Professor Newton drew my attention to the importance of this
“ Sale-Catalogue” and lent me his copy, on which I have founded my
notes, I have discovered another eopy of the same Catalogue among the
Traets in the Natural History Museum. It is praetically identical with
Professor Newton’s volume, but differs ia a few minor details.

VOL. II. 1%

210 Zoology.

edition of a guide-book to Bullock’s Museum.* It bears the
following title :——

A | Companıox | to the | LIVERPOOL MUSEUM, |
containing | A brief Description of upwards of Seven
Thousand | NATURAL AND’ FOREIGN ÜURIOSITIES, | ANTI-
QuITIES, | and Productions of the Fine Arts, | collected during
several Years of arduous Research, and at an Expense | of
upwards of Twenty Thousand Pounds, | by | WILLIAM
BULLOCK, | of Liverpool; | And now open for Publie
Inspection, in the Great Room, | No. 22 Piecadilly, London,
| which has been fitted up for the Purpose in a manner
entirely new.

«“O Nature! how in every charm supreme!
Whose vot’ries feast on raptures ever new,

OÖ! for the voice and fire of Seraphim
To sing thy glories with devotion due.”’—BEATTIE.

The Seventh Edition. | Printed for the Proprietor, | by |]
Richard Cruttwell, St. Jame’s-street, Bath. | 1809.

There is an engraved frontispiece, with three figures of men
in armour of different periods, each figure having a compart-
ment to itself, under a canopy on which appears the word
“MVSEVM. It may have been intended to represent the
entrance to the show, which must have been in existence for
some years, if the “Companion ” had reached its seventh edition
in 1809. The title-page, on its reverse, publishes an announce-
ment that the Proprietor is willing to give the “full value for
rare and uncommon Quadrupeds, Birds, Fishes, Reptiles, Shells,
Old Paintings, Carvings on Wood or Ivory, Stained Glass,
ancient and foreign Arms and Armour, or any uncommon Pro-
duction of Art or Nature.”

Then follows a list of “Names of the Ladies and Gentlemen
who have presented curiosities to the Liverpool Museum,” but I
do not detect any familiar name among the number of patrons,
though a “George Bullock ” will be referred to later on. The
list of donors ‘“ non-residents in Liverpool” includes a few more
familiar names, such as S. Polito, Dr. J. E. Smith, President of
the Linnean Society, Lord Stanley (Knowsley), and a certain J.
Bullock of Surinam.

A Preface, composed after the manner of the time, occupies

* On the cover is a printed label :—“* DEsoRIPTIVE CATALOGUDE | of the |

LIVERPOOL MUSEUM, | now open | Ar THE GreAT Room, | 22 Piceadilly,
near the Haymarket.”

Dirds. DM:

three pages (v-vii), and is dated from the “ Liverpool Museum,
July 10, 1809.” It concludes as follows :—“If tbis Treatise
then, under all its imperfections, should afford one hour of enter-
tainment, or assist the researches of those patrons and friends
who have so liberally countenanced its Proprietor since the
establishment of his Collection, his hopes are in some degree
exceeded, and his wishes accomplished.”

The “curiosities” from the South Seas contain many speci-
mens brought by Captain Cook, and are said to have been once
his property, as we are informed in a foot-note; some were
purchased at the sale of the “late Leverian Museum.” Some
feather-cloaks from the Sandwich Islands are specially mentioned.

Among the “Works of Art” were a “ beautiful Equestrian
Model of Edward the Black Prince in Armour, finely executed
by Mr. G. Bullock, of Liverpool”; and “a small Anatomical
Figure, from the original of Dr. Hunter, done in rice paste of its
natural collour.”

The “Companion to the Liverpool Museum” then proceeds
to the section of “Natural Historv” \p. 12). Among the
“ Quadrupeds” described, mention is made of a “ beautiful and
gentle animal, brought from the Slave Coast of Africa... . its
manners were quite gentle and mild. It died in the collection of
Mr. Polito, in the winter of 1808, owing probably to the severity of
the weather.” This was the “ Palatine Monkey ” (Simia Roloway).
Among the rarities of Bullock’s Museum were “the Porcupine
Ant-Eater (Myrmecophaga aculeata of Shaw), “ lately discovered
in New Holland,” and the Platypus (Platypus anatinus). Of
the Hunting Leopard (Felis jubata) we learn (p. 19) that
“three living ones were shown a few years since in the Tower,
that were part of a pack belonging to the late Tippoo Sultan.”

With respect to the Beaver (p. 21), Bullock speaks of a pair
purchased by Mr. Polito, for the purpose of exhibiting in his
collection. The latter gentleman also presented the skin of a
Panther to the Liverpool Museum (p. 23). Some of Bullock’s
notes on the Mammals are very interesting, as, for instance, the
fact that “the Kangaroo may be considered in some degree as
naturalised in England, several having been kept for many
years in the Royal domains at Richmond, which have, during
their residence there, produced young, and promise to render this
most elegant animal a permanent acquisition to tbe country.”

On the Birds many notes are given, which at that time must
have been very interesting, though they now read a little old-

pP 2

212 Zoology.

fashioned. A Golden Eagle (p. 28) is recorded as “ finely
preserved in the act of preying on the white hare of Scotland.”
The specimen is figured by Bullock in his “Companion to the
London Museum” in 1812 (plate to p. 41), and did duty for
many pictures in popular works on Natural History. Many of
us can still remember this Eagle, with its wings outspread, and
the bloodstains (sealing-wax) on the stomach of the Hare which
it held under its feet. The group was purchased at Bullock’s
sale for nine guineas by Dr. Leach, and long held a place of
honour in the British Gallery of the old British Museum.

The Proprietor of the Liverpool Museum apparently had also
a small menagerie ; he speaks of certain animals which he kept
alive, and a Mocking Bird lived for some time with him (p. 32).
He gives an elaborate account of the Birds of Paradise in his
collection, and in view of the extinction of some of these beautiful
birds in the present day by the plume-traders who supply the
ornaments for ladies’ hats, it is interesting to read that even in
Bullock’s time “the extreme elegance of the tail-feathers of this
bird have made them expensive articles of female decoration.”

The Humming Bird warrants a long descriptive note on its
plumage and nest, Bullock’s conelusion being as follows: “Such
is the history of this little being, who flutters from flower to
flower, breathes their freshness, wantons on the wings of the
cooling zephyrs, sips the nectar of a thousand sweets, and resides
in climes where reigns the beauty of eternal spring.”

In 1807 he visited the Bass Rock and procured several Gannets
in different plumages, which he describes (p. 38).

From the Leverian Museum Bullock appears to-have pur-
chased a specimen of the Crowned Pigeon (@oura coronata), which
“when living, was many years in the possession of her present
Majesty, who presented it to the Leverian Museum” (p. 39).

The Lyre Bird is spoken of as the “Botany Bay Bird of
Paradise” (p. 39)

The “Companion” ends with the following announcement:
“In a short time will be published by subscription, in two vols.,
8vo (dedicated by permission to Lord Stanley), price to sub-
seribers 11. 4s., An accurate DESCRIPTION of the SUBJECTS OF
NarturaL History, Foreign and other CURIOSITIES, &c., &c., &c.,
in the LıvsrpooL Museum, illustrated by upwards of Thirty
Etchings, by Howitt, and comprising such Articles of Natural
History and Antiquity as have been found in Lancashire and
the adjoining Counties.”

In 1809, or about that time, Bullock removed the “ Liverpool

Birds. 2.13

Museum” to London, and in 1812 he published another guide-
book to his collection, now called the “ London Museum.” The
title is as follows :—

A Companion | to | Mr. Bullock’s | LONDON MUSEUM
| and | PayrH£erıon ; containing | a Brief Description | of
upwards of fifteen thousand | Natural and Foreign Curio-
sities, | Antiquities, | and | Productions of the Fine Arts,
| eollected during seventeen Years of arduous Research, and |
at an Expense of | Thirty Thousand Pounds;
now open for Public Inspection in the | Egyptian
Temple, | just erected for its reception, in | Piccadilly,
London, | opposite the end of Bond Street; | by W"
Bullock, | Fellow of the Linnean Society, and Honorary
Member of | the Dublin Society. | [Then follows Beattie’s
verse, “O Nature!” etc] The Twelfth Edition. | Printed
for the Proprietor. | 1812.

and

It will be noticed that he now states that his Museum had
cost him £30,000, being £10,000 more than was stated in 1809.
In the “ Address” which takes the place of the “ Preface” of
1809, “Mr. Bullock respectfully begs leave to solieit the atten-
tion and patronage of the Nobility, Gentry, and the Public, to
an Establishment for the advancement of the Seience of Natural
History, which in magnitude and expense, he presumes, is un-
paralelled, as the work of an individual.”

“The very flattering and general approbation which honoured
the exhibition of his Museum on its first opening in a temporary
situation in London, was a convincing proof that his future
efforts for the extension and improvement of the Collection
woulıl be duly appreciated. His exertions to obtain articles of
rarity and interest have, therefore, been unceasing. In most
departments, the subjects have been doubled in number ; the
specimens are choice, in the highest possible preservation, and
are arranged according to the Linnean system. They consist of
about Fifteen Thousand species o£ Quadrupeds, Birds, Reptiles,
Fishes, Insects, Shells, Corals, ete., ete., colleeted during twenty
years of unwearied application, and at an expense exceeding
thirty thousand pounds.

“ In adapting the edifice which Mr. Bullock has just completed
for his present Collection, by displaying it advantageously for
the Study of the Naturalist, the Instruction of the Curious, and
the Amusement of those who are delighted in viewing the

214 Loology.

Beauties of Nature, or the Curiosities of Art, he has endeavoured
to render it worthy of the British Metropolis, whilst he has also
provided this means for enlargement, as future additions shall
accumulate.

“One department of the Museum (the Pantherion), completed
with much labour and great expense, is entirely novel, and
presents a scene altogether grand and interesting. Various
animals, as the lofty Giraffe, the Lion, the Elephant, the
Rhinoceros, etc., are exhibited as ranging in their native wilds
and forests ; whilst exact models, both in figure and colour, of
the rarest and most luxuriant Plants from every clime, give
all the appearance of reality ; the whole being assisted with a
panoramic effect of distance and appropriate scenery, affording
a beautiful illustration of the luxuriance of a torrid clime.

“The Museums of France have been enriched with the spoils
of nearly the whole Continent, and the Gallery of the Louvre
contains more treasures in Painting and Sculpture than perhaps
will ever again be amassed in one Collection. But though her
active and persevering Ruler, desirous of making his capital the

centre of attraction, has contributed to the Museum Naturale
every specimen of Natural History which in the present state of
the Continent could be procured, our unrivalled Navy, and the
extension of our Colonies throughout the habitable world, present
such advantages to this country, that the writer feels confident,
that if his exertions are seconded by the Public as they have
hitherto been, he will very sbortly be enabled to make a collec-
tion of Natural History far surpassing anything of the kind at
present in existence ; and he pledges himself to exert kis utmost
power in accomplishing this important work.

“To the numerous Royal, Noble, and liberal Contributors to
his Museum, by whose kindness his Collection has been enriched
by so many valuable articles, which could not have been procured
by pecuniary means, Mr. Bullock returns his unfeigned thanks.

“When the information and delight which may be derived
from this Exhibition, especially by the rising generation, are con-
sidered, the great sum expended in forming it, and the erection
of the present large and commodious building for its reception,
the Proprietor trusts that the terms will be approved of.

““ Admission to each Exhibition, one shilling..... Annual
Ticket, not transferable 11. 1s...... Subscriber for Life 102. 10s.

“ MUSEUM, PICCADILLY,
March 28, 1812.”

Birds. 215

As in his “Companion to the Liverpool Museum ” of 1809, so
in the “Companion to the London Museum ” of 1812, Bullock
gives a list of the “ Names of the Ladies and Gentlemen who
have presented curiosities to the Museum.” Among the names
of these donors are those of “ Her Majesty” ; H.R.H. the Princess
Charlotte of Wales, T.R.H. the Duke and Duchess of York,
Lady Banks and Sir Joseph Banks, Capt. Barrow, H.G. The
Duke of Bedford, J. Bullock (Surinam), General Davies, John
Francillon, the late B. Gurney of Norwich, J. Irby of Britwell
House, Maidenhead, A. B. Lambert, V.P. Linnean Society, W. E.
Leach, Sir John Leicester of Tabley, Mrs. Mawe, Mrs. Polito
(Exeter Change), Jonathan Salt of Shefiield, Dr. J. E. Smith,
President of the Linnean Society, Mr. Sowerby, Lord Stanley,
M.P. (Knowsley).

In contrast to the “ Companion to the Liverpool Museum ” of
1809, which commences with a description of the “ Quriosities,”
the “Companion to the London Museum” of 1812 commences
with the Natural History specimens.

The number of species exhibited has very largely increased
since 1809, but the descriptive notes of the last edition are
reproduced, save that when Bullock formerly spoke of a specimen
having been sent “to the Proprietor of this Museum,” he speaks,
in 1812, of the identical specimen as having been sent “to me.”

Bullock was his own auctioneer, and prefaced his Sale-
Catalogue with an “ Address” of three pages, which is somewhat
amusing reading, as, for instance, when he deplores that the
size of the collection renders it impossible for the Proprietor
to “publish the whole of the Auction Catalogue, with that
descriptive accuracy which the subject requires, in time for
the requisite circulation previous to the commencement of the
sale, etc.

“In submitting the whole of this valuable collection to the
hammer, without the smallest reserve or purchasing in, either
directly or indirectly, Mr. Bullock trusts to the liberality of the
Public, and confidently expects to receive a fair remuneration
for the articles which now compose the London Museum; a
collection, which is the result of thirty years of unremitting
attention, under the auspices of the most scientific characters,
not only in this country, but in various other parts of the world ;
and which has been formed at an expense considerably exceeding
£30,000.

“ As many of the articles of Natural History in this Museum
have been collected in several places, and under a variety of

216 Zoology.

eircumstances, by Mr. Bullock himself, he trusts that his know-
ledge of many particulars, which may add interest or value to
the articles themselves, will be a suflficient apology (if any be
necessary for the manner in which a man chooses to dispose of
his own property) for his appearing before the publie in the
new character of an Auctioneer: a character which he hopes to
convince those who may do him the honour of attending the
sale, he has not assumed from any unworthy pecuniary motive,
but from a proper desire to apprize the bidder of the actual
eircumstances connected with the article he may wish to buy,
that he may be fairly and fully in possession of its nature and
character.

““ Any catalogue of a sale so various and complicated as this,
must be necessarily incomplete. A catalogue must rather lead
the eye to the article than explain it in detail ; but from the
nature of even one branch of the collection, the Ornithologieal
department, a detail is utterly impossible within the limits of
any printed statement intended for general perusal. The almost
exclusive command of the seas, during a protracted war,
successively filled this country from every part of the world
with the most novel and extraordinary specimens in this branch
of Natural History, which generally centred in this Museum,
and formed an important part of its extensive attractions.
There are many thousands of birds unknown (chiefly owing to
what we have already said of the maritime nature of the late
war) to Continental Naturalists, and for which names are not to
be found in the Linnean classification. The Proprietor is aware
of what he must suffer from the impossibility of describing in
detail a very large part of this branch of his collection ; but as
he repeats his fixed determination to sell without reserve, he
relies that the liberality of the lovers of Natural History, who
must be aware of the value of particular articles in their branch
of study, which he cannot describe as they deserve, will give
him that assistance on this occasion to which they may think
his labours entitle him, and his collection deserves: he neither
asks nor expects more. The Proprietor, as they must see,
availed himself of the great opportunities his country possessed
during the late war of enriching this branch of his collection at
a great expense. He now confidently relies that the result of
his labours will not prove an eventual bar to the laudable
enterprise of future collectors.”

It will be noted that Bullock claims to have an important
series of specimens from the ships engaged during the late war,

Birds. DAT,

and many objects from Captain Cook’s voyages are included in
the Catalogue.

The Fırsr Day’s SALE (Thursday, April 29, 1519) consisted
of Roman antiquities, models in rice paste by Mr. Geo.
Bullock, ete. Most of these lots were purchased by a Mr. Davis,
including Lot 44, which fetched 33s. and consisted of “ Portraits
of various British Birds, executed in feathers, and a copy of
Tenniers in coloured straw.” A “ curious model of a Man-of-War,
near three feet long, made entirely of glass, in a mahogany glazed
case,” having a MS. note added, “ made by the proprietor when a
boy,” was sold for seven guineas. Several “models of Animals
finely executed from life in a manner entirely new,” included those
of a “Lion and Lioness, very spirited and fine,” which was bought
by Mr. Mathieson for £7, and “a large Elephant, a correct copy
of the one lately living at the Jardin des Plantes at Paris,” went
to the same gentleman for £5 ; while a Rhinoceros, a Camel, and
a Buffalo and Roman Bull were purchased by Lord Mountmorres
for £19 14s.

Mr. Davis, of Bond Street, purchased Lot 66 for £39. It
eonsisted of “ Fifteen different Animals, appropriately displayed
on a rock, modelled in cork, with foliage carved in ivory, and
inclosed in a large glazed mahogany case ; the animals consist
of the Elephant, Panther, Wild Boar, Zebra, Stag, and Hind,
White Stag, Spotted Axis, Wood Goat (male and female),
Chamois (male and female), Roe Buck, Blood Hound, and
Italian Greyhound, all copied from life, and forming a fine group
for a public exhibition.” “The original model of the Colossal
Statue of Napoleon, twelve feet high, which was taken from the
top of the celebrated Column of Peace in the Place Vendöme,
when the Allies entered Paris in 1814,” was bought for £33 12s.
by Mr. Beckford of Fonthill.

The Seconp Day’s Saue (April 30, 1819) consisted of pietures,
a few birds, property of Napoleon, ete.

Lot 19. A “ Virgin and Child and St. Anthony— Corregio ”
fetched £16, and a MS. note says: “Cost him 10d. and äd.
carriage. Bought at Tivoli, near Rome, where he found it
stopping up the window of a cow-house.”

Lot 11 was a “portrait of Titian, extremely spirited,” by
Giorgione, and fetched 23 guineas. A MS. note informs us
that it was “declared as above by Mr. West, P.R.A.”

The birds were contained in Lots 37 to 44, and are only

218 Zoology.

remarkable for the prices they fetched. They were “ arranged
in bell Glasses for Chimney-Piece ornaments.”

Lot 37. “A Glossy Thrush—extremely rare,” was purchased
by Lord Stanley for £6, and he bought, for 3 guineas, Lot 43-—
“the Spotted Tanager and Blue Creeper from Senegal ; very rare.”
These birds would not fetch as many shillings in the present day.

Among the Napoleonic treasures was the “Eagle carried
before the Emperor on State occasions.” A picture of the
meeting of the Emperors of France and Russia on the raft at
Tilsit, said to have cost 100 guineas, fetched £16.

The Tmırp Day’s SAte, May 4, 1819, consisted of “ Birds.”
In addition to the private buyers, Dr. Leach purchased for the
British Museum, Professor Temminck for Holland, Mr. Fector
for Vienna, Baron Logier (Laugier) for Paris, Dr. Adams for
Edinburgh. Among the names of the private purchasers occur
the names of Sabine, Swainson, Vigors, Yarrell, Leadbetter,
Calvert, Hale, Lincoln, Riddell, Lord Stanley, Lord Temple.

Leach purchased among other specimens :—

Lot 16. Ardea pavonia, Crowned Crane (£]).

Lot 29. Ardea garzetta, Little Egret ; very rare, British
(22s.). No longer in the British Museum.

Lot 37. Oyster-catchers (21s.).

None of these appear to be now preserved in the Museum.

Lot 38. New Holland and American Avoset (35s.). Spec. b
of Recurvirostra novz hollandizse of my “ Catalogue of Birds,” vol.
xxiv., pP. 334, may probably be Bullock’s old specimen.

Lot 39. Procellaria gigantea, Giant Petrel; very fine (25s.).
Spec. h of Salvin’s “Catalogue of Birds,” vol. xxv., p. 424, may
be the old Bullock specimen.

Lot 43. Psophia crepitans, Gold-breasted Trumpeter (male
and female), in glass cases (42s.). Probably spec. a of Gray’s
Catalogue, “ Gallin®,” p. 73 (1844): not in the Museum in 1894.
(Cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 279.)

Lot 46. Roller, Coracias garrula; very rare and fine
[“ British” added in MS.] (31s. 6d.). (Of. Gray’s “ Catalogue
of British Birds,” p. 36.) It seems to have perished. (Of.
Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 17.)

Lot 52. Crowned Crane (the female) (£5).

Lot 59. Black Curassow (15s.). This may be the specimen
recorded by Gray under Crax alector, spec. a (Gray, Cat.
“Gallin®,” p. 20, 1844).

Lot 70. Nondescript Heron, East Indies (38s.).

Birds. 19

Lot 99. Pelecanus bassanus, the Soland Goose (188). This
is still in the collection. (Cf. Gray, Cat. Brit. B., p. 245 (1863) ;
Ogilvie-Grant, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 427.)

Lot 109. Cape Penguin (31s. 6d.). This must be spec. a of
Gray’s Catalogue of 1844, p. 154, and spec. e of Mr. Ogilvie-
Grant’s volume (Cat. B., xxvi., p. 650, 1898).

The FourrH Day’s Sıre (May 5, 1819), consisted of “ British
Land Birds,” a number of which were bought by Sir Thomas
Ackland.

Lot 1. Falco Chrysaetus, the Golden Eagle (male), killed in
Scotland ; finely preserved in the act of preying on the white
hare. This well-known group, which for many years was a con-
spicuous object in the British Gallery at Bloomsbury, was
purchased by Dr. Leach for 9 guineas.

Lot 2 (the female) was purchased by Dr. Leach for 4 guineas,
as was also

Lot 3. The young and egg of ditto, the only one known in
any collection (35s.).

Lot 5. A female Sea-Eagle ; killed in the park of Sir Joseph
Banks, in Lincolnshire (extent of wing 8 feet 4 in., MS. note) ;
was bought by Sir Thomas Ackland for nine guineas.

Lot 7, a female White-tailed Eagle, was secured by Dr.
Leach for £3 8s., and Lot 8, Two young birds taken in “the Isle of
Hoy, one of the Orkneys,” were also purchased by him for £4 4s.

Lot 11. Falco fulvus, Ring-tailed Eagle (male), went to Mr,
Sabine for £7 15s.

Lot 12. The female was bought by Leach for £5 5s. ; and
Lot 13, Two young of ditto, was also purchased by him for
£5 15s. 6d. ; ef. Gray, Cat. Brit. B., pp. 3, 6 (1863).

Lot 22. F. Lanareus, Lanner (male and female). Bought by
Lord Stanley for £2 12s.

Lot 31. Strix Nyctea, Snowy Owl (male), killed in Britain,
was purchased by Leach for the enormous sum of 25 guineas.
This bird is no longer in the Museum.

Lot 32. Another Snowy Owl (killed in Shetland by
Mr. Edmonson, MS. note) was likewise bought by Leach for
£9 10s. It is still in the Museum ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 128.

Lot 34. Strix bubo, Great-eared Owl, was purchased by
Colonel Bullock for £3 10s.

Lot 36*. Strix flammea, White Owl (male, female, and young)
(and tree containing young, MS. note), fetched 15s. Bought by a
Mr. Ashmead.

220 Zoology.

Lot 37. Strix stridula, Tawny Owl, egg and young ones.
Purchased by Leach for 7s.

Lot 38. Strix nebulosa, Barred Owl. Purchased by Dr. Leach
for £2.

What bird this could have been I have been unable to
determine. It was not the true Strix nebulosa, as in 1875, when
I published the second volume of the ‘“ Catalogue of Birds,” the
Museum only possessed one specimen of this species, presented
by Lord Odo Russell (cf. Cat. B., ii., p. 258, 1875). Bullock’s
specimen may have been 8. lapponteum, spec. a. (cf. Sharpe, t.c.,
p. 255).

Lot 52. A nondescript Cuckoo, perfectly white, less than half
the size of the common; taken in Cornwall, and sent to Sir
Joseph Banks ; the only one known. Bought by Mr. Sabine for
3 guineas (the Museum copy says by Dr. Leach).

Lot 58. Merops Apiaster, Bee-eater ; very rare. Bought by
Col. Bullock for 14s.

Lot 66. Turdus roseus, Rose-coloured Thrush (female), taken
in the Orkneys, 1818; extremely rare. A MS. note states that

it was killed in the garden of the Rev. Mr. Hamilton, Isle of
Hoy. Lord Stanley bought the specimen for 3 guineas.

Lot 67. Turdus roseus, Rose-coloured Thrush (male) ; very
fine. Bought by Sir Thomas Ackland for £5 6s.. A MS. note
states that it “ flew against the light House of Isle of Sanda and
was killed. Sent to Mr. B[ullock] by Mr. Strong.”

In the Museum copy this specimen is said to have been
bought by Dr. Leach, but there is no example recorded by G. R.
Gray as being in the British Museum in 1863.

Lot 102. Little Bustard, Otis tetrax (male) ; extremely rare.
Purchased by Dr. Leach for the British Museum for £10. This
is spec. b of Gray’s “Catalogue of British Birds” (p. 134),
recorded as from “ Norfolk,” from Mr. Bullock’s Museum. In
our oflicial copy I find that I have a MS. note from the Rev.
OÖ. Pickard-Cambridge to the effect that this individual was
killed by the Rev. G. Pickard-Cambridge, at Walmwell, Dorset-
shire. This locality is given by me in the “ Catalogue of Birds”
(vol. xxiii., p. 290). Professor Newton has added a note to his
copy of DBullock’s Sale-Catalogue: “The Rev. O. Pickard-
Cambridge, says (in litt, Nov. 2, 1877), that his father sent
Bullock a female Little Bustard killed at Walmwell in Dorset in
the late autumn or beginning of winter about or before 1818.”
This was probably the female (Lot 103) which was bought for
8 guineas by Mr. Brooks, at whose sale, according to Professor

Dirds. 22]

Newton, it formed No. 43, Lot 6 (Sale-Catalogue, l5th day,
August, 1828, p. 95). The specimen in our Museum is a male,
and it is probable that the locality for it is correct, and that
Mr. Pickard-Cambridge was mistaken as regards this Museum
specimen.

Of the “British Water Birds,” according to the Sale-
Catalogue in our Museum, Dr. Leach bought Lot 108, Crane, A.
Grus, extremely rare, for £6; but Professor Newton’s copy says
that the bird was “shot by Lord Gage in Britain” and purchased
by Mr. Sabine. There is no mention of a Crane in Gray’s “ List
of Grall®,” and the purchase by Mr. Sabine was probably correct.

Lot 110. The Great White Heron, A. Alba, very rare, said
to have been purchased by Dr. Leach, had not survived till 1844,
as it is not mentioned in Gray’s “ List of Gralls, etc.”

Lot 113. Squaeco Heron, A. Comata, very rare, seems to
have met a similar fate.

Lots 116, 117, Gardenian Heron, were also both purchased by
Dr. Leach, but are no longer in the Museum.

The Fırrtn Day’s Sat (Thursday, May 6, 1819) began
with the British Water Birds. No. 15, Greenwich Sandpiper,
has a MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy: “Shot near Edin-
burgh. Supposed to have been a young Reeve.” This was
spec. p of the Rutf in Gray’s “ List of Grall®,” 1844, p. 103, and it
occurs in his Catalogue of 1863 (p. 164). It could not have been
kept, as I did not find it when I wrote the “Catalogue of Birds.”

Lot 29 contains the Corn Crake, Rallus Crex, with its egg ;
“ Common Gallinule, Gallinula chloropus (male and female). These
species were taken in the Isle of Tristan d’Ancuna.” The latter
bird must have been Porphyriornis nesiotis, described by Dr.
Sclater in 1861 from living specimens presented by Sir George
Grey to the Zoological Gardens (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 166).
Professor Newton’s copy of Bullock’s Sale-Catalogue has a note
that this Lot 29 was purchased by Dr. Leach, but I cannot trace
the specimens in the Museum records. The Museum copy says
that a Mr. Winn was the purchaser, and if this were the case,
these Moorhens did not come into the Museum.

Lot 43. Great Auk, Alca Impennis (male), a very fine
specimen of this exceedingly rare bird, killed at Papa Westra in
the Orkneys, the only one taken on the British coast for many
years; and an egg; in glass case. These specimens were
purchased by Dr. Leach for £16 5s. 6d. They are still in the

Museum, the bird being a very fine one, but the egg is not a good

222 Zoology.

specimen, having been bleached by exposure to the light for fifty
years in the old British Museum at Bloomsbury.

Dr. Leach also bought the next Lots, 44, 45, 46, 48, 49,
including Razor-Bills, Puffins, Guillemots, etc. They were
mentioned by Gray in 1863 in his “Catalogue of British Birds,”
but very few were retained by Mr. Ögilvie-Grant when he wrote
the twenty-sixth volume of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”

Lot 61, “An undescribed Gull, much allied to the Arctie
[Tern]), but much superior in size, killed at Brighton,” was
apparently the specimen of the Gull-billed Tern (Sterna anglica)
recorded by Gray as from “ Great Britain. From Mr. Bullock’s
Collection,” in his “ Catalogue of British Birds,” 1863, p. 241.
It has since been destroyed, having fallen into bad condition,
and was not recognised as the specimen purchased by Leach.

No. 68. The great white-winged Gull, Larus Glaucus, lately
killed in Shetland and Northumberland ; a fine adult male and
female, and the young of the first year. These were bought by
Leach for £6 16s. 6d. One of the young birds is still in the
Museum (cf. Howard Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 293).

Lot 78. “ An undescribed Petrel with a forked tail, taken at
St. Kilda in 1818 ; the only one known.” This was bought by
Leach for £5 15s., and is apparently the specimen described by
Temminck as Procellaria leachit (“ Man. d’Orn.,” ii., p. 812).

No. 79. Glariola austriaca, Austrian Pratincole (male), killed
in Shetland. The second specimen killed in Britain. See
Montague and Linnean Transactions. This is said to have been
purchased by Dr. Leach for eight guineas. There is no trace of
the specimen at the present time, and it was apparently not in
the Museum in 1863 (ef. Gray, Cat. Brit. B., p. 137).

Lot 83. Red-breasted Goose, shot near Berwick, was
purchased by Leach for £27. It is still in the Brıtish Museum
(ef. Gray, Cat. Brit. B., 1863, p. 185; Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii.,
p. 126, 1895).

Lot 89. Eider Duck (male and female). Young ones, nest of
eider, and eggs, taken on Papa Westra, one of the Orkneys, in
1812. These were purchased by Leach for £2, and are most
probably the series mentioned by Count Salvadori as having
“no locality” (Cat. B., xxvii., p. 429).

Lot 97. Rufous Duck (A. Nyroca) ; rare (male and female).
Purchased by Leach for £4 8s. They are recorded by Gray in
1863 as having been from the London market, but the only one
aow remaining seems to be the male recorded from “ England ”

»y Count Salvadori (Cat. B., xxvii., p. 348).

Birds. 223

Lot 114. A white variety of the Shag, and a ditto of the Jay.
The Shag has disappeared, but the Jay is mentioned by Gray in
1863 (p. 85) and by me (Cat. B., iii., p. 94).

ELEvEnTtH Days’ Sare, May 18, 1819. This day was again
devoted to birds.

Lot 4, “Crimson-breasted Woodpecker, Picus Olivaceous (sie !),
the specimen brought by Capt. Cook,” was bought by Baron
Laugier for 12s., who also purchased Lot 5 (male and female
Sacred Kingfisher) for 13s.

Lot 6, Gigantic Heron (“ female,” in Prof. Newton’s Cata-
logue), was bought by Dr. Adams for Edinburgh for 39s. The
same gentleman purchased the next, Lot 7, a male of the same
species, “a noble specimen in the finest plumage,” but he had
to pay £8 for it.

Mr. Vigors and Mr. Swainson likewise purchased specimens
on this occasion, and a good many were secured by Mr. Fector
for Vienna.

Lot 19. Belted Kingfisher, Alcedo Aleyon, and an undescribed
species from the Sandwich Islands, were bought by Dr. Leach for
a guinea. I have been unable to trace them, so far, in the
British Museum cabinets.

Lot 31. Pigmy Auk, Aptenodytas pygmzxa, “very rare: the
only specimen in Britain,” fetched 35s. from Mr. Leadbeater.

Lot 32. A Beef-eater, Buphaga africana, from Africa, fetched
£2 4s. from a Mr. Hobart—an enormous figure.

Lot 33. A Black-bellied Darter or Anhinga, Plotus melano-
gaster, was purchased by Mr. Vigors for 53s.

Lot 35. A “beautiful undescribed Roller from Africa ; the
only one known,” was bought by a Mr. Riddell for £4.

Leach purchased a number of the Petrels, spending more
than £25 on the following numbers :

Lot 39. Stormy Petrel (10s. 6d.).

Lot 41. Pintado Petrel, P. capensis (16s.).

Lot 42. Black Petrel, ZEquinoctialis (£6 16s. 6d. !).

Lot 43. Great Petrel or Mother Carey’s Goose, P. gigantea ;
a fine specimen, 3 feet long (£10!).

Lot 44. Sooty Petrel, P. grissea (male and female) (£3 6s.).

Lot 45. Cinereous Petrel, P. cinerea, “from Tristran
d’Acunha,” MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy (£2 16s.).

Lot 46. Two Petrels, undescribed, “ brot. home by Cook,”
MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy (19s.).

Lot 47. Two ditto, ditto (24s.).

224 Zoology.

The next lot was bought by Mr. Fector for 278. It is
described as

Lot 48. A Scallop Toad Darter, undescribed, from Cayenne.
It was doubtless an example of the Heliornis fulica, which has
scalloped toes, but is hardly a Darter !

Lot 56. Grey Tern, Latham MS., was bought by Professor
Temminck for 18s.

Lot 57. Wreathed Tern, S. Vittata, “from Sir Jo. Banks”
(MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy), went to Dr. Leach for
168.

Lot 60. Tern, unknown, Leach bought for 8s.

Lot 61. “The Tailor Bird, with its curious nest, from the
Leverian Museum ; the only ornithological specimen from that
collection in the sale.” This was purchased by a Mr. Ledbrook
for £27s. On the 17th day’s sale a pair of the same species
with nest (Lot 91) was bought by Lord Stanley for £3 15s.

Lot 62. Peacock Pheasant, East Indies, very rare. Bought
by Dr. Leach for 5 guineas.

Lot 64. Jungle Cock, Phasianus varius, very rare ; supposed
- to be the original stock of our domestie fowls. This was secured
by Baron Laugier for 6 guineas.

Lot 65. Short-tailed Crow, Corvus Brachyurus; very rare
(£2 23.).

Lot 66. Hawkesbury Duck, New Holland (30s.).

The above were purchased by Dr. Leach.

Lot 67, Lobated Duck, New Holland, was bought by the
Linnean Society for £2 13s. The Society also bought Lot 97,
Emew (£10 10s.), and 98, Lesser Emew (£7 10s.), Lot 106,
Ardea Antigone, 5 feet high (£6 6s.).

Lot 80, the Jacamarciri, or Great Jacamar, Galbula grandis,
was bought by Dr. Adams for 10 guineas.

Lot 81. Guinea Tody, Latham MS.

Lot 83. African Tody, ditto.

Lot 85. Sharp-tailed Nuthatch, ditto.

Lot 86. Boat-billed Tody, ditto.

None of these lots were purchased by Leach, and several
birds marked as “unknown” or “ undescribed” were also passed
by him.

Lot 93. Three-toed Östrich, Struthio camelus Americanus
(an early instance of the employment of trinomial nomenclature
in Great Britain !). Bought by Dr. Adams for the Edinburgh
Museum, for £2 4s.

Lot 94. The Ostrich, S. Camelus (a fine full-grown male)

Birds. Ä

DD

25

10 feet high ; beautifully preserved, and in the highest preserva-
tion. Bought by Professor Temminck for £33 6s. 6d.

Lot 105. Wattled Heron, Ardeas Carunculata; a noble
specimen, near 6 feet high ; from the French Museum. Pur-
chased by Mr. Leadbeater for 7 guineas. The reference to the
“French Museum” probably means that it formed part of the
loot taken by the Allies on the occupation of Paris.

Lot 116 was a “ Beautiful nondesceript diminutive species of
Woodpecker, from Africa ; the smallest known.” This was bought
by Mr. Fector for 12s. for Vienna.

Lot 117. A Ditto was bought by Mr. Vigors for 13s.

Lot 118. A Scarlet Ibis, Tantalus Ruber ; an adult bird, in
the finest plumage. This was bought for 4 guineas by “Mr.
Ledbrook for Lord Temple,” as a MS. note in Professor Newton’s
copy informs us.

The Twerrtn Day’s Saure, Wednesday, May 19, 1819, con-
sisted of “ Foreign Birds.” A certain Mr. Bell, “of Buckingham
Street,” bought many of the lots, as did also Mr. Vigors and
Lord Stanley. Dr. Leach does not appear as a bidder on this
day, but many specimens were purchased by Professor Temminck,
Baron Laugier, and Mr. Fector. The latter secured Lot 121 for
£2 15s., consisting of the “Red-breasted Roller from Mexico,
extremely rare. Latham’s Supplement, vol. ii., p. 125.”

For Lot 111, a “ Beautiful Blue Crow, from Mexico,” un-
described, Lord Stanley paid £16 5s. 6d., and for the previous
Lot 110, a “Peruvian Jay, ©. Peruvianus ; very rare,” Baron
Laugier paid the enormous sum of 17 guineas !

“Part Third” of the Sale-Catalogue announces a further
auction of six days’ duration, commencing on Thursday, the
20th of May, 1819, the FirtgEntH Day. Leach appeared again
on the scene, but bought very little. The bidders from Holland,
France, and Austria were as keen as ever, and Mr. Vigors and
Mr. Swainson purchased some lots, principally South American
birds undetermined, and some Toucans.

Lot 35, Puff-backed Shrike, Latham MS. (male and female),
went to Mr. Fector for £1 11s. 6d.

Lot 64. “ A splendid nondescript species of Lanius [altered
to Corvus in MS. in Prof. Newton’s copy], the largest and most
beautiful known ; sent to Europe by P&rouse, and perhaps the
only remaining memento of his voyage.” This specimen fell to
Mr. Leadbeater for £7 17s. 6d.

VOL. II. Q

226 Zoology.

Lot 71, Genoese Eagle, Latham MS., killed in 1814 near
Genoa, was purchased by Mr. Vigors for 32s.

Many species of the Acecipitres are said to be “ unknown.”

Lot 79 was in the latter category, but Professor Newton’s
copy has a MS. note ‘brot by Sr Joseph Bankes.” The Lot was
bought by Dr. Leach for 4 guineas.

Lot 97. Zone-tailed Eagle, bought by Leach for 308.

Lot 113, an Egyptian Vulture (female), was also purchased
by him for £2 12s. 6d.

Lot 121. “White Jer Falcon, Falco Islandieus; a beautiful
specimen of this exceeding rare British bird, in its snow white
plumage.” For this specimen Leach gave £10, but it is no longer
in the British Museum.

Although many of his purchases were afterwards found in the
last-named Museum, there is no absolute proof that he was acting
on behalf of that institution. As Professor Newton observes in
his copy of Bullock’s Sale-Catalogue, “ The specimen of the Jer
Falcon is not included in the List of Birds in the British
Museum. Hence Dr. Leach may have bought other things not
for the Museum, or some may have been destroyed since, e.g.
the Aust. Pratincole”” From the evidence of his “ Catalogue of
Mammals and Birds,” 1816, it would seem as if Leach had a
private collection.

For Lot 126, a pair of the “ Oxrulescent Hawk,” i.e. the Small
Falconet, of Java, Baron Laugier gave the extravagant (according
to our notions of the present day) price of £5 15s. 6d.!

The FOURTEENTH Day’s SALE took place on the 21st-of May,
1819, and consisted of “ Birds of the Psittacus or Parrot Genus;
of which this collection contains perhaps a greater variety, and
more undescribed species, than any other ; many of them were
brought by Sir Joseph Banks, in his Voyage of Discovery with
Captain Cook ; and are in no other collection.”

It is difieult to understand why Banks, who was a Trustee of
the British Museum and a liberal donor to our institution, should
have parted with his specimens of birds to Bullock and the
Leverian Museum.

The following were brought by Dr. Leach :—

Lot 15. Yellow-winged Parrakeet, P. verescens (15s.).

Lot 19. Horned Parrakeet, P. cornutus; brought by Sir
Joseph Banks from the South Sea; the specimen described by
Doctor Latham (£5 10s.). This was doubtless the typical bird

Birds. 997

from which Forster’s sketch was taken (antea, p. ). The
specimen is mentioned in Gray’s List of Psittacide (p. 7),

1859, but seems to have been discarded by Count Salvadori in
1891 (ef. Cat. B., xx., p. 501).

Lot 27. Great Pacifie Parrot, Latham MS., unique (34s.).

Lot 30. Pacifie Parrot, P. Australis; very rare ; South Seas
(268.).

Lot 32. Undescribed Parrot; brought by Sir Joseph Banks.
Bought by Lord Stanley for £3.

Lot 33. Undescribed Parrot. “This and the last are not
known in any other collection.” Dr. Leach brought this lot for
£2 12s. 6d. In the Museum copy of the Catalogue, Lord Stanley
is noted as the purchaser.

Lot 42. Parrot undescribed ; from the South Seas; brought
by Sir Joseph Banks. Purchased by Leach for £3 10s.

No. 43. Beautiful Small Parrot, undescribed ; it was killed on
a vine in the garden of Colonel Johnson, at Port Jackson, and is
the only one ever seen in the colony. This lot was purchased by
the Linnean Society for £4 18s.

Lot 56. Wave-headed parrot, Latham MS.; new. Fetched
£2 13s.

Lot 60. Sanguine-bellied Parrot, Latham MS. ; new. Fetched
278.

Both the above were bought by Lord Stanley.

Lot 69. COrimson-winged Parrot, P. Erythropterus (male and
female), a most beautiful species; brought in Captain Flinders’
voyage of discovery from the north coast of New Holland.
Bought by Sir T. Coates for £5 18s. [In the Museum copy the
name is given as Sir ©. Coote].

Lot 71. Lesser Sulphur-crested Cockatoo, P. Sulphureus.
Bought by Dr. Leach for £2 10s.

Lot 77. Banksian Cockatoo, P. Banksi. Linnean Society,
for £3.

Lot 78. A splendid species of Black Cockatoo, with scarlet
tail (male and female) ; undescribed.

Lot 93. A pair of beautiful Yellow Macaws (male and
female), from the Spanish main ; undescribed. Purchased by
Lord Stanley for £21.

Lot 114. Southern Parrots (male and female), P. Nestor,
very fine, and extremely rare; brought by Sir Joseph Banks
from the South Seas. Bought by Dr. Leach for 16 guineas. This
specimen is apparently still in the Museum, as Count Salvadori

qQ2

228 Zoology.

in his “Catalogue of Birds” mentions a specimen of Nestor
meridionalis from New Zealand, from Capt. Cook’s voyages
(cf. Cat. B., xx., p. 5 (1891) ).

The FiırtErntH Day’s SALE took place on Tuesday, May 28,
1819. It still consisted of Birds—“ Herons, Ducks, Wood-
peckers, Bee-eaters, &c.”

A certain Captain Laskey bought several lots, as did a
Mr. Molinari, who had purchased a few lots in the sales of the
previous days. Lots 7, 14, 37, 39, 41, 52 are marked as “sold,”
having apparently been disposed of before the sale commenced.

Lot 8. Undeseribed Heron. Purchased by Mr. Fector for
Vienna (£2 2s.).

Lot 9. Beautiful Heron; unknown. Bought by Prof.
Temminck (13s.).

Lot 10. Roufous Heron, undescribed ; from “New Holland,”
corrected in MS. in Professor Newton’s copy to “ S. America.”
Bought by Prof. Lichtenstein (14s.).

Lot 16. Unknown Heron. Bought by Lord Stanley (17s.).

Lot 17. Small Bittern; undescribed. Bought by Prof.
Temminck for 1 guinea.

Lot 27. Ibis; unknown. Lord Stanley (28s.).

Lot 28. Patagonian Penguin, A. Patachonica. Mr. Led-
brook (21s.). He also bought several other lots, presumably
for Lord Temple.

Lot 51. Albatross, Diomedia Exulanss. A MS. note in
Professor Newton’s copy adds: ““ From Tristan d’Acunha.” Lord
Stanley bought this lot for £6. }

Lot 54, Spotted Shag, is entered twice. [See No. 64.]

Lot 59. A Harlequin Duck, A. Histrionica. A MS. note
in Professor Newton’s copy adds: “Killed in Orkneys.” It
was bought by Dr. Adams for Edinburgh for a guinea.

Lot 79. Grey-headed Woodpecker, P. Canus. The locality
is entered in Professor Newton’s copy as “ Siberia.” Swainson
gave 16s. for the specimen.

Lot 88. A “Pair of Brown Woodpeckers ; undescribed.”
Bought by Baron Laugier for 223.

Lot 90. Unknown [| Woodpecker]. Bought by Swainson for 88.

Lot 91. Ditto. Bought by Molinari for 7s.

Lot 92. Undescribed (11s.).. Lot 93. Ditto (20s.). Both
bousht by Swainson.

Several lots of Honey-eaters follow, the species being described
(evidently by Latham) as Gold-winged Bee-eater, etc.

Birds. 229

Lot 104. Blue-cheeked Bee-eater, Merops cyanops. “New
Zealand” (according to the MS. note in Professor Newton’s
copy). Bought by Temminck for 20s. This specimen is Ento-
myza cyanotis, and formed the subject of Plate 471 of the
“ Planches Coloriees.” Dr. Finsch, writing to Professor Newton
in 1500, states that it is still in the Leyden Museum.

No. 109. Yellow-tufted Bee-eater, M. Fxsiculatus, was bought
by Lord Stanley for 19. A MS. note in Professor Newton’s
copy adds : “ Brot by Capt. Cook.”

No. 112. Swallow-tailed Bee-eater, Latham MS.; “from
Abyssinia ” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Bought by
Prof. Lichtenstein for 26s.

Lot 120. [Following on several “unknown ” and “ undescribed ”
Bee-eaters] Two undescribed species [of Bee-eaters|. Bought by
Temminck for 20s. Professor Newton thinks that one of these
may have been M. bullocki (cf. Donovan, Nat. Repository, i., p.
to pl. exxxvü). A MS. note in his copy adds that these birds
were from New Holland.

Dr. Leach does not seem to have been present at this
day’s sale.

The SIxTEEnTtH Day’s SALE took place on Wednesday,
May 26, 1819. Still more birds put up to auction, and Dr.
Leach was present, all the other purchasers being there as usual.
Many “unknown” Pigeons were bought by Baron Laugier,
Professor Temminck, Lord Stanley, Mr. Vigors, Mr. Molinari ;
and Lot 1 by Mr. Fector.

Lot 22. Dr. Leach bought an “unknown Pigeon,” which is
said, in a MS. note to Professor Newton’s copy, to have come
from the “S. S. Voyages” (108.).

No. 28. Hook-billed Pigeon (female) from Senegal, purchased
by Swainson for 8s., may well have been his type of Treron
nudirostris.

Lot 30. A Crowned Pigeon, C[olumba] Coronata, purchased by
a Mr. Lincoln for 35s., is stated in a MS. note to Professor Newton’s
copy to have been the “property of late Princess Charlotte.”

Lot 40. A magnificent undescribed species of Pigeon, from
the north coast of New Holland, “in Flinders’ Voyage” (MS.
note in Professor Newton’s copy). This was bought by Baron
Laugier for £4 14s. 6d.

Lot 70. Buff-breasted Partridge, Latham’s MS. [“and of his
book,” MS. note]. Bought by Professor Temminck for 208.

230 Zoology.

Lot 73. Dusky-breasted Partridge (female), Latham MS.
Bought by Lord Stanley for £2 4s.

Lot 81. Spotted-necked Quail, Latham MS., also bought by
Lord Stanley, for £1 11s. 6d.

Dr. Leach does not seem to have bought more than one lot
at this day’s sale. Perhaps his money was exhausted and the
prices were toohigh. On this occasion Mr. Ledbrook was bidding
for the Marquess of Buckingham, as Professor Newton’s copy
records that he gave £30 for a pair of cases (Lot 110) with
Crocodiles, Lizards, etc.

Lot 119, which concluded the sale, contained a magnificent
specimen of the Japan Peacock (male and female) and a Wild
Turkey, in the mahogany glass case; the whole of the birds
in which were presented by her late Majesty to the Museum.
The lot was separated “by desire,” and Mr. Warwick bought
the male Peacock for £9, and Baron Laugier secured the female
Peacock for £3 9s., and the Turkey for 7 guineas.

The SEvENTEENTH Day’s SALE took place on Thursday,
‚May 27, 1819, and Dr. Leach was not present.

Lot 24. Several species of American Fringillas, “four all
different” (MS. note). Purchased by Mr. Vigors for 11s.

Lot 32. Pair of beautiful Goatsuckers ; unknown (£2 16s.).

Lot 33. A beautiful Long-tailed Goatsucker, undescribed ;
from Africa (£3 3s.). These two lots were bought by Colonel
Brewer or Bruen.

A pair of Argus Pheasants in a mahogany case fetched
£29 18s. 6d. (Warwick).

Lot 46. A Red-egged Partridge, Tfetrao] Rufous (sie),
“killed in Suffolk on grounds of Lord Rendlesham,” fetched
27s., and was bought by Mr. Ledbrook.

Lot 54. Chinese Jacanu, P[arra] Sinensis. Bought by Baron
Laugier for 4 guineas. A MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy
adds: “Sent to B. [i.e. Bullock] from French Museum. Unique
in this kingdom.”

Lot 60. White Gallinule, F[ulica] alba. New Zealand, rare;
brought by Sir J. Banks. Purchased by Lord Stanley for 3 guineas.
It is an albino of Porphyrio melanonotus, and of the specimen a
full history is given by Dr. H. O. Forbes in the “ Bulletin” of
the Liverpool Museums for May 1901 (vol. iii., No. 2, pp. 62-68).

Further remarks are to be found in Sir Walter Buller’s
“ Supplement to the ‘ Birds of New Zealand ’” (vol. i., p. 73, note).

Burds. 231

Lot 68*. Pair of Dusky Rails. Purchased by Prof. Temminck
for 9s.

E Lot 77, containing Birds of Paradise in a case, the most
complete collection known. This case was broken up and the
birds sold in lots on the nineteenth day of sale.

Lot 85. Pair of great cases of Warblers, Motacilla.
This case also was divided and sold on the twenty-fourth
day of sale.

Lot 86. The “collection of Buntings, Emberiza,” was likewise
divided up into lots.

Lot 87. “ A magnificent species of Turkey, from the Bay of
Honduras, undescribed ; it was sent as a present to Sir Henry
Halford, and died on its passage: the only one known. Baron
Laugier bought it for £34 123.

Lot 101. Hook-billed Green Creeper, C[erthia] Obscura, was
bought by Prof. Temminck (£2 2s.).

Lot 102. Great Hook-billed Creeper, ©. Pacifica ; also bought
by Prof. Temminck (£4 4s.).

Lot 103. Hook-billed Red Creeper, C. Vestiaria. Bought by
Mr. Fector for 24s.

Lot 104. Ditto (male and female), bought by Mr. Molinari.

A note informs us that “The last four lots are used by the
natives of the Sandwich Islands in the manufacture of their
beautiful dresses.” There can scarcely be any doubt that some
of these specimens were from Capt. Cook’s voyages and were
doubtless the originals of those figured by Ellis.

The EiGHTEENTH Day’s SALE, May 28, 1819, was principally
devoted to Shells, Corals, etc. Dr. Leach bought several lots,
but none of the Birds, of which there were a few.

Lot 66. White-crowned Thrush, new; Latham MS. Lord
Stanley (33s.).

Lot 68. A Crimson and Black Thrush, from Mexico; un-
described. Lord Stanley (£5).

Lot 69. Rose-coloured Thrush, Turdus Roseus; rare; a fine
male. “Shot in Scotland” (MS. note). Mr. Vigors (£2 3s.).

Lot 91. Pair of Chinese Swallows; very rare; with speci-
mens of their curious Nest, of which the Chinese make soup.
“ Brot. home by S’J. Bancks” (MS. note). A Mr. Buckingham
bought this lot for £5.

Lot 95, Thrushes, and Lot 96, Grosbeaks, were, by consent
of all parties, to be divided into smaller lots.

232 Zoology.

In the Museum copy there is a title-page to the next part of
the Sale-Catalogue, which is missing in Professor Newton’s copy.
It is entitled “ Part Fourth, containing the 19th, 20th, 21st and
22nd days’ sale,” etc. etc.

The NınETEENTH Day’s SALE occurred on June 1, 1819.
Dr. Leach bought a few birds, as follows :—

Lot 16. Fine specimen of Mother Carey’s Goose (£5 58.).
Lot 66. Chocolate Falcon, ““ Amer. Orn.” (£1 1s.).

Lot 78. Two Hawks, from North America (12s.).

Lot 79. One Hawk and a Butcher Bird (123.).

On the TweEntIETH Day’s SALE, Wednesday, June 2, 1819,
more birds were sold, but Dr. Leach does not seem to have put
in an appearance ; all the other buyers were present, and some
new names added to the list.

Lot 94. Fifteen Bird-skins, from Sierra Leone, were bought
by Mr. Swainson for £6 18s.

Lot 95. Kingfisher from East Indies, bought by Temminck,
may be the Dacelo coromandeliana of Schlegel’s Catalogue (“ Mus.
Pays Bas,” Alcedines, p. 25) as Professor Newton suggests.
Against this lot (p. 124) is a MS. note signed “J. S.,” which
Professor Newton thinks may have been originally written by
James Sowerby, but I am inclined to think it is J. L. (= John
Latham), to whose hand-writing allthe MS. notes in Professor
Newton’s copy of the Sale-Catalogue bear a strong resemblance.

Lot 114. Larus Atracilloides, a rare Gull. Bought by
Mr. Sabine for 2 guineas.

Lot 115. Undescribed Grosbeak, from Tristan d’ Pe - 5
and the Mosambique Finch. Bought by Professor Lichtenstein
for 29s.

Lot 119. Northern Finch (male and female), Latham MS.,
and the Snow Flake. Bought by Lord Stanley for 178.

Lot 127. Fourteen various specimens of Birds, from New
Holland ; collected by Capt. Flinders. Bought by Lord Stanley
for £7 118. 6d.

Lot 128. Ten ditto, ditto. Bought by Mr. Molinari for 35s.

Lot 130. Great Rail, from New York ; Blue-necked Rail;
and another, unknown. Bought by Professor Temminck for 25s.

The Twenty-First Day’s SALE, on Thursday, June 3, 1819,
contained some various articles, but there were a goodly

Birds. 233

proportion of birds offered for sale, some of them of great interest.
Dr. Leach bought only a few lots of no great importance.

Lot 6. An “undescribed Barbet, of the new genus Pogonius.”
Purchased by Baron Laugier for 308.

Lot 16. Larus Atraciloides ; rare. Bought by Lord Stanley
for 208.

Lot 23. White-winged Crossbill ; rare, and the Snow Flake.
A MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy adds for the first-named,
‘“ shot several times in New Forest lately.” This lot was purchased
by Lord Valentia for 10s.

Lot 31. Beautiful small Plover, from the River Gambia.
Prof. Temminck (16s.).

No. 32. A ditto, from the River Gambia. Mr. Swainson (17s.).

Lot 33. Pair of small Plovers, from New Zealand. Prof.
Temminck, for 308.

Lot 34. Chestnut-breasted Plover of Latham MS., and another.
Lord Stanley (16s.).

Lot 36. Curious small Plover of New Holland, and a Cream-
coloured Plover.. Baron Laugier (£3 3s.).

Lot 37. Rail, undescribed ; from the voyage of Captain Cook.
Bought by Prof. Temminck for 35s., apparently Pennula sand-
wichensis (antea, p. )-

Lot 39. Two fine specimens (various) of the Spur-winged
Plover ; unknown. Prof. Temminck (29s.).

Lot 40. Black-breasted Plover of Latham MS.,and Chestnut-
breasted of ditto. Prof. Temminck (31s.).

Lot 44. The Yellow Shank, Norfolk Plover, and a Sandpiper.
Capt. Laskey (7s.). The Museum copy of the Catalogue says
that the purchaser was Dr. Leach.

Lot 45. Black-throated Plover of Latham MS., pair of Ring
Dottrels ; Capt. Laskey (7s.). This lot is also booked to Dr. Leach
in the Museum copy.

Lot 46. A “Singular undescribed Lizard, from the north coast
of New Holland.” “Flinders Voyage” (MS. note in Professor
Newton’s copy, where the specimen is said to have been bought
by Leach for 22s.). The Museum copy agrees with the price
fetched, but gives the purchaser as Dr. Adams, who bought for
the Edinburgh Museum.

Lot 48. Shear Water Petrel and Stormy Petrel. Prof.
Temminck (£4 10s.).

Lot 50. Woodcock, and curious variety of the Lark. Dr.
Leach (11s.).

234 Zoology.

Lot 52. Little Owl, shot in Yorkshire; rare. Professor
Newton’s copy adds a MS. note, “By Mr. Fothergill” The
lot was bought by Mr. Ryall for 12s.

Lot 54. Common Gallinule from Tristan D’Ancunha, and the
Red-necked Grebe. Also bought by Mr. Ryall, for 7s.

Lot 56. Carrier Pigeon, Wild Stock-Dove, and a Blackbird.
Bought by Dr. Leach for £1.

Lot 57. Two rare Sandpipers, and the Turnstone. Bought
by Dr. Leach for 308.

Lot 58. Dusky Sandpiper, nest and eggs, taken in Scotland.
Bought by Dr. Leach for 10s. 6d.

In Professor Newton’s copy the word “Sandpiper ” has been
erased, and the word “Lark” substituted by the scribe who
annotated the catalogue. Professor Newton adds a note: “On
the origin of Yarrell’s mistake, Br. B., vol. i, ii, p. 666.”

At this day’s sale Dr. Leach bought some Quadrupeds and
Insects, and among the “ Fossils” were some eggs.

Lot 123. Egg of the Great Auk, Alca impennia ; and other
rare British eggs. Purchased by Dr. Leach for 17. !

Lots 124, 126. Boxes, “ containing a quantity of the Eggs of
British Birds,” were also purchased by him for a guinea each.

It is of interest to note that several curios were purchased by
“Walter Scott, Esq.” Such were a “large dish of Persian ware,” ete.
It would be interesting to know if these are still at Abbotsford.
He also purchased most of the armour offered for sale on this day.

The Twenty-ssconp Dayv’s SALE, Friday, June 4, 1819, com-
menced with a number of ethnographical curios, many of them
evidently from Cook’s voyages, and it is sad reading to see how
many of these were bought by Professor Lichenstein for Berlin.
Swainson purchased a few lots, as did Colonel “Bruen” or
“ Brewin.”

“Walter Scott, Esq.,” bought Lots 36, 37, 38, and 40, con-
sisting of “ Two very curious ancient Reading Desks, and a Lady’s
Head-dress of Elizabeth’s time; pair of velvet shoes which be-
longed to Addison, the Poet, and his wig-case; two ancient
Leather Bottles, and a Lochabar Axe, etc.”

Then followed a sale of the British Birds, with a few Foreign
Birds (beautifully displayed under Bell-Glass). Some of the most
interesting lots sold as follows :—

Lot 44. The Black Eagle, “shot in Ireland ” (MS. note in
Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Ryall (14s)..

Birds. 235

Lot 46*. The Lanner, Falco Lannarius. Colonel Bullock (19s.).

Lot 52. Rose-coloured Ouzle. Mr. Swainson (22s.).

Lot 54. The Crested Titmouse ; rare. Mr. Vigors (11s.).

Lot 54*. The White-winged Crossbill (male and female) ; very
rare. Lord Stanley (22s.).

Lot 64. The Mountain Partridge ; “a pair of them were lately
killed in Cheshire by J. Davenport, Esq.,, M.P.” Mr. Bates
(£410s.). A MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy adds :—“ This
specimen from France.”

Lot 65. A pair of the curious small variety of the Common
Partridge, which rarely occurs in France. Lord Stanley (£4 4s.).

Lot 66. Curious variety of the Arctic Gull; killed in the
Orkneys “ by Mr. Sands” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy).
Baron Laugier (348.).

Lot 68. Larus Glaucus; killed on Loch Lomond ; very rare
as a British bird. “Shot by Dr. Stuart of Lugs” (MS. note in
Professor Newton’s copy). Lord Stanley (19s.).

Lot 113. A case containing Twenty Birds, from Sierra Leone ;
nearly the whole of which are undescribed ; a most interesting
lot to the naturalist. Professor Temminck (£16 10s.).

Lot 125. Doubtful Barbet; very rare and fine. Professor
Temminck (£2 4s.).

Lot 128. Yellow-pinioned Finch, Latham MS., not described.
Mr. Molinari (24s.).

Lot 128. Two beautiful Pigeons, supposed male and female;
shot by Sir Joseph Banks, in his voyage with Capt. Cook ; the
only ones known. Mr. Ledbetter (£7 7s.).

Dr. Leach did not appear at this stage of the sale, and the
prineipal British buyers were Lord Stanley, Mr. Vigors, Mr.
Swainson, Mr. Molinari [or Molinaire, as the Museum copy has
the name], Colonel Bullock, Mr. Sabine, Mr. Riddell, Captain
Laskey, Mr. Ryall, Mr. Ashmead. Many specimens went abroad
with Professor Temminck, Baron Laugier making only a few
purchases. The Marquis of Buckingham bought, for £47 5s.,
Lot 111, “The Great Boa Constrictor, thirty-two feet long, in
the act of seizing a Deer ; most beautifully set up, and considered
as the finest subject in the Museum.” A MS. note in Professor
Newton’s copy declares that “the Boa was only 20 feet long, but
much thicker.”

The Twenty-THırD Day’s SALE took place on the Sth of June,
1819, and commenced with “ foreign birds.”

236 Zoology.

Lot 1. Black Cuckow of Africa, “brot. by St J. Banks” (MS.
note in Professor Newton’s copy). Captain Laskey (5s.).

Lot 10. Manakin unknown (3s.).

Lot 11. Beautiful Manakin, unknown (19s.). Both lots bought
by Mr. Swainson.

Lot 13. Manakin, unknown. Lord Stanley (12s.).

Lot 14. White-erowned Manakin, unknown; very rare. Mr.
Riddle (11s.).

Lot 15. Olive Manakin ; rare (male and female) (14s.).

Lot 16. A beautiful Manakin, undescribed (12s.). Both lots
bought by Mr. Swainson.

Lot 18. Black-headed Chatterer, Swainson’s MS., Brazil ; very
rare. Lord Stanley (21s.).

Lot 33. A beautiful White-winged Heron, from India; un-
known. Lord Stanley (21s.).

Lot 26. Woodpecker, unknown. Prof. Temminck (£2).

Lot 30. A fine specimen of the Blue-vented Bee-eater ; very
rare. Prof. Lichtenstein (30s.).

Lot 33. Great Ivory-billed Woodpecker. Prof. Temminck
1(1.98.):

Lot 36. Two Green Manakins, unknown. Mr. Swainson (7s.).

Lot 40. Long-tailed Black Grosbeak, from the South Seas ;
unknown. Lord Stanley (£2).

Lot 42. Great Red Grosbeak of Guiana (male and female).
To this and Lot 43 are applied in MS. the name “ Tanager
Divaricata” in Professor Newton’s copy. Prof. Temminck
bought Lot 42 for 2 guineas, and Lot 43 cost Prof. Lichten-
stein 158. \

Lot 45. Little Bullfinch, from Brazil; rare. Mr. Swainson
(9s.).

Lot 50. Large Black Grosbeak, from Guiana ; unknown (male
and female). Mr. Riddell (21s.).

Lot 58. Large African Grosbeak, unknown (male and female).
Lord Stanley (398.).

Lot 65. Parrot-billed Grosbeak. In both copies of the Cata-
logue, Professor Lichtenstein is said to have purchased this lot
for a guinea. But, as Professor Newton very justly points out,
this may have been a mistake for Temminck, as the species is
not mentioned by Lichtenstein in his “ Nomenclator.” Tem-
minck, on the other hand, says that two specimens from the
Bullock collection are in the Leyden Museum.

Lot 66. Grosbeak, unknown. Lord Stanley (20s.).

Birds. 9347

Lot 67. Grosbeak, from the Cape ; unknown. Prof. Temminck
(16s.).

Lot 69. Pair of Large Black Grosbeaks, with white throats,
from Guiana. Prof. Lichtenstein (29s.).

Lot 70. Gold-back Grosbeak, from the Cape. Lord Stanley
(8s.).

Lot 71. Black Grosbeak [said in MS. note in Professor
Newton’s copy to be an “ Oriole”], unknown. Mr. Molinari (5s.).

Lot 72. A beautiful small Grosbeak, unknown, from Africa.
Mr. Riddell (9s.).

Lot 73. Ditto. Mr. Molinari (10s. 6d.).

Lot 74. Red-rumped Grosbeak from New Holland. Prof.
Lichtenstein (6s.).

Lot 75. Pair of small Black-and-white Grosbeaks, from Africa.
Prof. Temminck (10s.).

Lot 76. Ditto. Mr. Molinari (6s. 6d.).

Lot 77. Unknown. Lord Stanley (16s.).

Lot 78. Another Black-and-white Grosbeak ; new. Lord
Stanley (8s.).

Lot 79. Pair of Fine Grosbeaks, from Canada (male and
female). Unknown. Lord Stanley (£2 12s. 6d.).

Lot 83. Grosbeak, unknown. Molinari (3s.).

Lot 84. Two Grosbeaks, unknown. (15s.)

Lot 87. Two small Grosbeaks, from Africa. Prof. Temminck
(15s.).

Lot 88. Grosbeak, from the Brazils; unknown. Prof.
Temminck (22s.).

The rest of the twenty-third day’s sale consists of Flycatchers
and Thrushes, apparently those which it was agreed to sell in
separate lots on May 25th.

No. 89. Orange-breasted Flycatcher, from New Holland.
Lord Stanley (22s.).

Lot 90. Scarlet-breasted ditto, from ditto. Prof. Lichten-
stein (14s.).

Lot 91. Flycatcher, from the Cape (24s.).

Lot 92. Ditto. Lord Stanley (8s.).

Lot 94. Crested Flycatcher, from America. Prof. Lichten-
stein (22s.).

Lot 96. White-eyed Flycatcher, from America; rare. Mr.
Swainson (12s.).

Lot 97. Yellow Flycatcher ; unknown. Prof. Lichtenstein
(10s.).

238 Zoology.

Lot 98. Blue Flycatcher, from America. Prof. Temminck
(10s.).

Lot 99. Unknown. Prof. Temminck (9s.).

Lot 100. Beautiful White Flycatcher, from the Cape (“ River
Plata,” MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Lord Stanley
(£2 108.).

Lot 101. Fan-tailed Flycatcher, from New Holland (male
and female). Prof. Temminck (15s.).

Lot 102. Long-tailed Flycatcher, from Madagascar (male
and female). Prof. Lichtenstein (38s.).

Lot 103. Ditto. Professor Newton’s copy has a MS. note,
‘the fem. another species.” Mr. Swainson (£2 4s.).

Lot 104. A ditto; “the male bird” (MS. note). Prof.
Temminck (26s.).

Lot 105. Round-crested Flycatcher, from Peru. Lord Stanley
(£4). Probably a Muscivora.

Lot 106. Red-eyed Flycatcher, from Africa. Mr. Riddell (9s.).

Lot 107. Ditto. Mr. Molinari (12s.) Probably a species of
Platystira.

Lot 108. Curious Short-tailed Fly-catcher, unknown. Lord
Stanley (17s.).

Lot 109. Yellow-breasted Flycatcher from the Cape (male
and female). Prof. Temminck (32s.). Professor Newton’s
copy has the word female erased, and a MS. note, “ another
species.”

Lot 110. Flat-crowned Flycatcher from New Zealand (male
and female). Prof. Temminck (28s.)

Lot 112. A beautiful specimen of the Pied Flycatcher; a
very rare British specimen (sic). Mr. Taylor (21s.).

Lot 113. Flycatcher, unknown. Mr. Swainson (6s.).

Lot 117. Two Flycatchers. Prof. Temminck (9s.).

Lot 118. White-erowned Thrush. Prof. Temminck (17s.).

Lot 119. Red-bellied Thrush, Latham MS. (male and female).
Prof. Temminck (15s.).

Lot 120. Round-tailed Thrush, Latham MS. Mr. Riddell
(1922).

Lot 121. Rufus-bellied Thrush. Corrected in a MS. note in
Professor Newton’s copy to “ Ditto” (i.e. the preceding species).
Prof. Temminck (21s.).

Lot 122. Red-breasted Thrush ; Cook’s voyages (male and
female) ; “from S’ J. Banks” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s
copy). Mr. Swainson (15s.).

Birds. 239

Lot 123. The Rust-bellied Glossy Thrush, Latham. Professor
Lichtenstein (20s.).

Lot 124. Sky-blue Thrush, L’Echönilleur gris of Le Vaillant,
Ois. d’Afrique. Professor Temminck (19s.).

Lot 125. Glossy Thrush. Lord Stanley (£4 14s. 6d.).

Lot 128. Tetuan Thrush, Latham MS. Mr. Molinari (68. 6d.).

Lot 129. Blue Thrush (in Professor Newton’s copy altered to
“ Blue-tailed Thrush ”). Lord Stanley (32s.).

Lot 136. Embroidered Thrush, from the Cape, L’Echönilleur
jaune of Le Vaillant. Mr. Fector (20s.).

Lot 131. Sooty Thrush. Lord Stanley (10s.).

Lot 137. Unknown. Lord Stanley (22s.).

“ Lot 138. Red-vented Thrush. Lord Stanley (16s.).

Lot 139. Male and female Thrush, unknown. Mr. Molinari
(128.).

Lots 140 to 145 were all unknown species, and were pur-
chased by Lord Stanley, Mr. Molinari, and Mr. Swainson.
The latter bought three lots, one being Lot 143, unknown
Thrush, from Tristran D’Ancunha, for 18s. He also bought two
large cases (£5 8s. 6d.).

The TwENTY-FOURTH Dav’s SALE took place on Wednesday,
June 9, 1819. The Thrushes were continued, and Mr. Swainson
bought several lots.

Lot 1. Gutteral Thrush, new (in Professor Newton’s copy
the word “Holland” is added in MS. to “new”). Mr.
Swainson (4s.).

Lot 3. Pensive ditto (male and female). Prof. Lichtenstein
(108.).

Lot 4. Ferruginous Thrush. Prof. Temminck (8s.).

Lot 5. Unknown Thrush. Prof. Temminck (33s.).

Lot 6. Olive-backed Thrush. Mr. Swainson (7s.).

Lot 7. Black-breasted Thrush. Prof. Temminck (19s.).

Lot 8. Black-eyed Thrush, New Holland. Prof. Temminck
(8s.).

Lot 9. Black-browed Thrush, New Holland (male and
female). Mr. Swainson (8s.).

Lot 10. White-cheeked Thrush, New Holland. Prof.
Temminck (9s.).

Lot 11. Chiming Thrush. Mr. Swainson (6s.).

Lot 12. Senegal Thrush. Prof. Temminck (9s.).

Lot 13. Ditto. Mr. Swainson (6s.)

’

240 Zoology.

Lot 14. A Rufus Thrush, unknown. Mr. Molinari (8s.).

Lot 15. Pair of Rufus-headed ditto. Mr. Fector (13s.).

Lot 16. Black-cheeked ditto, “Latham MSS.” (note in
Prof. Newton’s copy). Mr. Swainson (12s.).

Lot 19. Red-vented Thrush, of the Cape. Mr. Swaynson
(sic) (11s.).

Lot 20. Rufous-bellied Thrush, Latham MS. Mr. Warwick
(5s. 6d.).

Lot 21. Ditto, a very fine specimen. Mr. Artis (14s. 6d.).

Lot 22. Long-tailed Glossy Thrush, a noble specimen. Prof.
Lichtenstein (£4 10s.).

Lot 23. Shining Thrush, of Senegal. Mr. Feetor (308.).

Lot 24. Ditto. Mr. Molinari (22s.).

Lot 25. Another species of ditto. Mr. Molinari (18s.).

Lot 26. Another, quite distinet. Lord Stanley (15s.).

Lot 27. A Cinereous Thrush, of New Holland. Mr. Swain-
son. (5s.).

Lot 28. A pair of the Spotted-shouldered Thrush, of New
Holland. Professor Lichtenstein (17s.).

Lot 29. Pair of the Red-breasted Thrush. Professor
Temminck (14s.).

Lot 30. Mocking Bird or Mimic Thrush, of North America
(male and female), with nest and eggs. Mr. Vigors (22s.).

Lot 31. Golden-crowned Thrush (male and female). Mr.
Swainson (9s.).

Lot 34. Golden Thrush [altered in a MS. note to Professor
Newton’s copy to “Oriole”]. East Indies.. Mr. Molinari (15s.).

Lot 35. White-backed Black Thrush ; rare. Mr. Fector
(68.). S

Lot 36. Ditto. Professor Temminck (8s.).

Lot 37. Pectoral Thrush, Latham MS. Professor Temminck
932).
\ x 38. Scarlet-throated Thrush, from the Cape; rare.
Professor Temminck (308.).

Lot 39. Brown-headed Thrush, unknown; “New Holland ”
(MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Molinari (5s.).

Thea followed the sale of the “ Warblers, Motacilla.”

Lot 40. Yellow Red-pole Warbler. Professor Lichtenstein
(dl8.).

Lot 41. Hooded Warbler (“fig. in Amer. Ornith.,” MSS.
note in Professor Newton’s copy). Professor Lichtenstein (15s.).

Birds. Al

Lot 42. Black-throated Blue Warbler (male and female).
Professor Temminck (13s.).

Lot 43. Bar-tailed Warbler. Lord Stanley (10s.).

Lot 45. Blue Warbler, or Blue Robin of America (male and
female). Professor Temminck (28s.).

Lot 46. Yellow-breasted Warbler (male and female) ; “fig. in
Amer. Orn.” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Professor
Lichtenstein (11s.).

Lot 47. Olive Warbler (male and female). Professor Tem-
minck (9s.).

Lot 48. Worm-eating Warbler. Mr. Swainson (6s.).

Lot 49. ZEquatorial Warbler. Mr. Swainson (15s.).

Lot 50. Ruby-crowned Warbler (male and female). Mr.
Swainson (10s. 6d.).

Lot 51. Grey-pole Warbler. Mr. Warwick (7s. 6d.).

Lot 52. ZEquinoctial Warbler (male and female). Lord
Stanley (19s.).

Lots 53 (10s.) and 54 (16s.). Soldier Warbler, of New
Holland. Professor Lichtenstein.

Lot 55. Black-and-green Warbler (male and female). Mr.
Vigors (16s.).

Lot 57 [56 omitted]. A ditto, different from the last (“ Black
and Blue,” MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Vigors
(16s.).

Lot 58. Blue-breasted Warbler. Mr. Molinari (10s.).

Lot 59. Crested Olive Warbler (male and female). Professor
Temminck (7s.).

Lot 60. Rufus-tailed Warbler. Mr. Swainson (5s.).

Lot 61. Three different species of Wren from America.
Mr. Swainson (10s.).

Lot 62. Pair of Bufi-headed Warblers, of New Holland.
Professor Temminck (20s.).

Lot 63. Thick-bellied (sic) Warblers, and another. Professor
Temminck (8s.).

Lot 64. Two different Warblers, unknown. Professor
Temminck (15s.).

Lot 65. Two ditto. Professor Temminck (35s.).

Lot 67. Yellow-rumped Warbler (male and female). Mr.
Swainson (9s.).

Lot 68. Rufus-vented Black Warbler, unknown. Mr.
Swainson (7s. 6d.).

Lot 69. Pair, unknown. Mr. Swainson (10s.).

VOL. II. R

242 Zoology.

Lot 70. Buff-rumped Warbler (male and female). Mr.
Swainson (10s.).

Lot 71. Two Warblers, unknown. Mr. Swainson (7s.).

Lot 72. Undescribed. Professor Lichtenstein (14s.).

Lot 73. Yellow-breasted Warbler, and another. Professor
Temminck (10s.).

Lot 74. Three Warblers, unknown. Mr. Molinari (12s.).

Lot 75. Two ditto. Mr. Swainson (4s.).

Lot 76. Spotted-winged Warbler, and another. Mr. Swainson
(16s.).

Lot 77. Two [“ Three,” MS. note in Professor Newton’s
copy]. Captain Laskey (7s.).

Lot 78. Tyrant Flycatcher (male and female). Mr. Swainson.
(18s.).

Lot 79. Male ditto. Mr. Vigors (6s. 6d.).

Lot 80. Pair of Flycatchers, unknown. Professor Temminck.
(13s.).

Lot 93. Red-winged Flycatcher ; rare. Lord Stanley (18s.).

Lot 95. Pair of African Larks. Mr. Swainson. (5s.).

Lot 96. Pair of White-throated Larks, from Africa. Lord
Stanley (13s.).

Lot 97. Two Larks, unknown. Mr. Molinari (9s.).

Lot 98. Two Black Larks (“ var. of the Common Sky Lark,”
MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Riddell (6s.).

Lot 99. Grasshopper Lark ; rare. Mr. Molinari (6s.).

Lot 100. Titlark and Grey Wagtail. (In Professor Newton’s
copy, the word “Grey” is erased, and “fem. of the Yellow ”
inserted in MS.). Mr. Swainson (5s.).

Lot 101. Black-breasted Lark (male and female). Mr:
Vigors (9s.).

Lot 102. Three various Larks. Mr. Swainson (8s.).

Lot 103. Purple-rumped Creeper ; very rare and fine. Mr.
Swainson (£2 4s.).

Lot 104. Wall Creeper ; rare and fine. Mr. Hall (28s.).

Lot 105. Coloured [“ Collared”; MS. note in Professor
Newton’s copy] Creeper ; very fine. Mr. Swainson (30s.).

Lot 106. Pair of Common Creepers. Mr. Swainson (6s.).

Lot 107. Purple-breasted Creeper ; undescribed, “from Java”
(MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Mr. Swainson (14s.).

Lot 108. Purple Creeper, unknown. Mr. Swainson (10s.).

Lot 110. A Bilue-headed Creeper, unknown. Mr. Hall

(173.).

Birds. 243

Lot 110*. A large Creeper from Africa, and its curious nest.
Mr. Swainson (308.).

Lot 112. Three various Creepers. Mr. Swainson (12s.).

Lot 114. The Yew Tanager, from New Holland. Mr.
Swainson (10s.).

Lot 117. Senegal Coly. Mr. Molinari (14s.).

Lot 118. Ditto. Mr. Swainson (21s.).

Lot 119. White-backed Coly. Lord Stanley (32s.).

Several species of Whidah Birds follow :—(Lots 121-124),
purchased by Mr. Swainson and Lord Stanley. Lot 124, un-
described Whidah Bird, is said in » MS. note to Professor
Newton’s “ Catalogue” to have been “a young bird.” Professor
Temminck bought it for 12s., as also the next, Lot 125, Curious
White-headed Bunting, unknown (12s.).

Lot 126. Green Bunting (male and female); a very rare
British bird. In Professor Newton’s copy it is said to have been
purchased by Mr. Vigors for 18s., a MS. note being added, “ The
Ortolan in change of plumage.” In the Museum copy, the
purchaser is given as “ Mr. Molinaire.”

No. 130. Golden-shouldered Bunting, and another. Lord
Stanley (20s.).

Lot 131. Ortolan (male and female). Mr. Hall [in the
Museum copy, Mr. Swainson] (9s.) In Professor Newton’s copy
is a MS. note, “Not the Ortolan from the Alpes.”

Lot 133. Red-browed Bunting (male and female), “ New
Holland” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy). Molinari
(98.).

Lot 134. Orange-crowned Yellow Bunting (male and female).
Professor Temminck (31s.).

Lot 135. Beautiful small Bunting, undescribed. Professor
Temminck (14s.).

Lot 136. Two Yellow Buntings, different species; unknown.
Professor Temminck (223.).

Lot 137. Pair of Grey Buntings, “from America. See
Wilson’s Ornith.” (MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy).
Mr. Vigors (5s.).

On the 10th of June, 1819, commenced the 'TWENTY-FIFTH
Days’ Se, with some more birds, Ducks, Warblers, and other
miscellaneous lots of lesser animals. A Mr. Morgan bought a
Buffel-headed Duck (Lot 2) for 6s., and Lot 6, two Ducks, from
America, unknown (17s.).

R 2

244 Zoology.

Lot 1. Small Blue-winged Shoveller Duck of South America.
Professor Temminck (13s.).

Lot 3. Whistling Duck of New Holland. Professor
Temminck (£1).

Lot 4. Great-billed Shoveller of ditto. Lord Stanley (5s.).

Lot 5. White-fronted Duck of Hudson’s Bay. Mr. Ryall (5s.).

Lot 6. Two Ducks from America, unknown. Mr. Morgan
(17s.).

Lot 7. Two ditto. Professor Temminck (£2 8s.).

No. 11. Grasshopper Warbler. Mr. Swainson (8s.).

Lot 12. Alpine Warbler (male and female). Mr. Swainson
(128.).

Lot 13. Faitail Warbler, Latham MS.; and the Grey-
throated Warbler. Mr. Swainson (11s.).

Lot 14. Guira Warbler (male and female). Professor Tem-
minck (16s.).

Lot 15. Great Brazilian Wren. Professor Temminck (123.).

Lot 16. Rufus-throated Warbler, Latham MS., from Jamaica.

Mr. Swainson (13s.).

Lot 17. Little Flycatcher, and Tawny-breasted Warbler,
Latham MS. Mr. Swainson (11s.).

Lot 18. Bearded Warbler ; very rare. Professor Temminck
1782):
Lot 22. Unknown Warbler of New Holland, and the Virescent
Warbler, Latham MS. Professor Temminck (12s.).

Lot 23. Tawney-rumped Warbler, Latham MS., and Yellow
Warbler. Mr. Molinari (11s.).

Dr. Leach was at this day’s sale, as he purchased Lot 25, a
very fine Cancer from Tristan d’Acunha, but he bought no birds.

The “Birds in glass cases” were chiefly bought by a
Mr. Lincoln, and by Mr. Molinari, though Mr. Swainson and
Mr. Vigors secured a few. Swainson also bought some insects,
and a skin of the Boquetaire, or Mountain Goat ; very rare (308.).
Miss Bullock bought Lot 99, a Black-winged Parrot, for 16s. ; it
may have been a family pet. Mr. Vigors bought a “ Beautiful
specimen of the Blossom-headed Parrot ” for £2. Swainson bought
several of the cases ; and one “elegant” case (Lot 118), “the orna-
ments taken from rails o£ Notre Dame” (MS. note in Professor
Newton’s copy) was bought by a Mr. Hailes for £7 178. 6d.

The TwEnty-sıxtH Day’s SALE, Friday, June 11, was devoted
to Napoleonie relics. It included “the Emperor’s carriage, taken

Birds. 245

on the eve of Waterloo, and sent, with the oflicer who took it,
by Marshal Blücher, to the Prince Regent, from whom it was
purchased by its present proprietor for the sum of three thousand
guineas.” The carriage was bought by Mr. Hopkinson, coach
maker, Holborn, for £168.

Mr. Riddell and Mr. Molinari again appear as purchasers for
soıne of the Napoleonic relies, and Mr. Vigors bought a linen
towel. Lot 103, a silver helmet, taken at Waterloo, and Lot 104, a
trophy of French arms and colours, from Waterloo, were purchased
by “ Walter Scott, Esq.,” for £5 15s. and £3 13s. 6d. respectively.

Colonel Birch’s “small but very fine collection of OÖRGANISED
Fossırs, from the Blue Lias formation at Lyme and Charmouth
in Dorsetshire, consisting principally of bones, illustrating the
osteology of the Ichthio-saurus, or Proteo-saurus, ete.,” was sold
by Bullock, “at his Egyptian Hall in Piccadilly” on Monday,
the 15th day of May, 1820, so that it would seem that, after the
dispersal of his private Museum, he still continued his business
as an auctioneer. Dr. Leach bought some of the lots, but
Lot 102, a skeleton of the Ichthio-saurus, was, according to a
MS. note in Professor Newton’s copy of the Catalogue, “ Bot in;
wants £300 for it.” A further MS. note says: ‘since purchased
for £100 for the Surgeon’s Museum, London.”

We take up once more the authentice record of the bird
collections in the year

1816.

In this year the Montagu collection was purchased. It con-
sisted of the most complete series of British birds of the time,
but, as I have stated before, owing to the defective preparation
of the specimens, many of them have fallen to pieces. Colonel
Montagu was the author of the “ Ornithological Dictionary,” an
excellent work in its day, and the specimens purchased by the
Museum were doubtless the ones which had served for the
descriptions in his work.

The Montagu collection, as it existed in 1816, when Dr.
Leach was the Keeper of the Zoological Department, may be
determined by his ““ Systematie Catalogue of the specimens of the
Indigenous Mammalia and Birds that are preserved in the British
Museum, with their localities and authorities” (8vo, pp.1-42. This
little pamphlet was printed (no doubt for the Trustees) by Richard

246 Zoology.

and Arthur Taylor, Shoe Lane, who in 1818 printed the “Synopsis
of the Contents of the British Museum” (antea, p. ). A reprint
of Leach’s “ Systematic Catalogue” was published in 1882 by the
Willughby Society, and was edited by the late Osbert Salvin. The
editor points out that, as the catalogue was printed on one side of
the paper only, it was probably intended as a label-catalogue for
the specimens, and of this, I think, there can be no doubt. It is
very useful as a catalogue of the Montagu collection of birds,
which was obtained from “ G. Montagu, Esq., Jun.” The “ Solitary
Stare,” represented by a specimen from Yorkshire given by the
Rev. James Dalton, was found to be merely the young of the
Common Stare. (Of. Leach, t.c., Errata.) Of Leach’s “ Catalogue,”
Mr. Salvin says :—“ It is also a question if it was ever actually
published in the ordinary sense, for though the printer’s name is
given at the foot of the title page, no publisher is mentioned.
(The same may be said of the Guide-book to the Museum, printed
by Messrs. R. and A. Taylor, who were then evidently employed
by the Trustees, whose name did not appear.) It is impossible
to overlook Leach’s Catalogue, as his names have been constantly
referred to by subsequent authors, and, for good or bad, must
take their place in nomenclature.”

Sir E. Maunde Thompson has very kindly supplied me with
the following memoranda from the archives of the British
Museum. On the 14th June, 1816, Leach recommended the
purchase of the Montagu collection for £1,200. The purchase
was approved by the Trustees, Sir Joseph Banks recommending
it, and on the Ist of October, 1816, Leach reported the safe
arrival of the collection.

1837.

This was the first year in which a serious attempt was
made to keep an official register of the acquisitions. 668 specimens
presented ; 591 purchased. Total 1259.

John Gould presented 172 specimens of birds to the Museum,
and 111 more were purchased from him. They were from various
localities, but included a few Australian species, showing that,
even at this early date, he was receiving specimens from someone
in that continent.

310 birds were purchased in Paris from the collection of the
late Baron Laugier de Chartrouse, who had collaborated with
Temminck in the production of the “ Planches Coloriees.”

187 birds presented by Sir W. Burnett and Captain Fitzroy.

Birds. 247

The latter officer had been the commander of the Beagle, and
this collection was probably made during that expedition.

126 birds from British Guiana, collected by Sir R. Schom-
burgk, and presented by the Royal Geographical Society.

1838.

454 specimens presented ; 245 purchased. Total number of
additions, 679.

Of special interest are the following :—

158 birds from Tasmania ; presented by Ronald Gunn, Esq.
For a long time the only collection of Tasmanian birds in the
Museum, and of great value at the time of its presentation, but
from being mounted for many years in the Gallery, the specimens
were ruined by light and dust, and but few now remain.

82 specimens of birds from India and China ; presented by
John Russell Reeves, Esq. (antea, p. )F

111 specimens purchased at the sale of the South African
Museum. Dr. J. E. Gray records the fact that they were all
“stuffed by Messrs. Verreaux” and were collected during Sir
A. Smith’s expeditions into the interior of South Africa. Many
types were included in the series (postea, ).

1839.

225 specimens presented ; 238 purchased. Total number of
acquisitions, 463.

No addition of any importance took place this year, but an
effort was evidently being made to replenish the collection of
British Birds, since 114 young birds of various species were
presented by Mr. J. Baker.

1840.

136 specimens presented ; 141 purchased. Total number of
additions, 277.

Nothing added of any great importance.

47 British birds, presented by Mr. J. Baker.

52 birds from West Australia. Presented by Capt. [after-
wards Sir George] Grey.

These specimens were obtained by John Gould, and doubtless
given to Governor George Grey, with whom Gould was on terms
of great friendship.

1841.

385 specimens presented ; 583 purchased. Total number of

additions, 968.

248 Zoology.

Only two acquisitions of any note, viz. —

332 birds from South Australia. Purchased from Mr. Gould.

78 birds from Kerguelen Land, collected by the naturalists of
the Antarctic Expedition. Presented by the Lords of the
Admiralty.

1842.

492 specimens presented; 870 purchased ; 92 received in
exchange. Total, 1454.

Of special importance were :—

120 birds from Port Essington, North Australia. Presented
by Captain Chambers, R.N.

160 birds from the Philippine Islands, including several types
of new species. Purchased of Mr. Hugh Cuming.

49 birds from Abyssinia and Shoa, including several co-types
of his new species, collected by Dr. E. Rüppell.

119 birds from New Zealand and adjacent islands, collected
by the naturalists of the Antarctic Expedition. Presented by
the Lords of the Admiralty.

1843.

2027 specimens, presented ; 799 purchased. Total, 2826.

The most important additions were :—

1302 birds from Nepal, including numbers of types. Presented
by B. H. Hodgson, Esq.

This is the first instalment of the great Hodgson donation.

302 birds from South Australia. Presented by Captain
[afterwards Sir George] Grey.

43 nests of Australian birds. Presented by John Gould, Esq.

50 birds collected in Chili by Mr. T. Bridges.

83 birds from various localities. Presented by Sir E. Belcher.

1844.

969 speeimens presented ; 368 purchased. Total, 1337.

Important additions were :—

222 birds from the Antarctic Ocean, the Falkland Islands,
Cape of Good Hope, etc., obtained by the naturalists of the
Antarctic Expedition. Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty.

139 birds from Tenasserim. Presented by J. D. ©. Packman,
Esq.

This collection was never worked out by George Robert
Gray, the specimens having been somewhat roughly preserved.

Birds. 249

With the donation of Mr. Allan Hume’s splendid series of
Tenasserim birds, many specimens from the old Packman collection
have been disposed of as duplicates.

107 birds, mostly from North Australia, collected by Dr. J.
Beete Jukes, during the voyage of H.M.S. Fly.

222 specimens from Brazil. Presented by M. Claussen.

8 specimens purchased of Leadbeater, duplicates from the
Leyden Museum.

1845.

2203 specimens presented ; 371 purchased ; 10 received in
exchange. Total, 2584.

Among the notable accessions were :—

1391 birds from Nepal, and 301 from Behar, being the second
and third instalments of the collections presented by B. H.
Hodgson, Esg.

57 birds from the Madras Presidency, including several types
of new species figured in the “ Illustrations of Indian Ornith-
ology.” Presented by T. ©. Jerdon, Esq.

30 specimens from New Zealand, including the type of
Ocydromus earli and other rare species. Presented by Percy
Earl, Esg.

52 specimens from Cayenne. Presented by H.C. Rothery, Esq.

35 birds from Port Essington. Presented by Dr. Sibbald.

54 birds from Shoa, duplicates from the collection made by
Sir W. Cornwallis Harris. Presented by the Hon. East India
Company.

296 specimens from South Africa and Madagascar. Presented
by Sir Andrew Smith.

91 specimens from Para. Presented by R. Graham, Esg.

1846.

849 specimens presented ; 1072 purchased. Total, 1921.

Among the principal acquisitions were :—

124 birds from Central Australia. Presented by Capt. Sturt.

270 birds from various localities. Presented by Edward
Wilson, Esg.

271 birds from Bolivia. Collected by Mr. T. Bridges.

147 birds and eggs from Tunis. Colleeted by Mr. Louis
Fraser.

59 birds from New Zealand, Tasmania, and the Pacific
Islands. Presented by Sir Everard Home, Bart.

250 Zoology.

1847.

563 specimens presented ; 604 purchased. Total, 1167.

The principal additions were :—

44 birds from New Zealand. Presented by Sir George Grey.

134 birds from Jamaica. Collected by P. H. Gosse, Esg.
This collection contains the types of the species described in his
“ Birds of Jamaica.”

171 birds from Australia. Presented by Sir T. Mitchell.

1848.

340 specimens presented ; 185 purchased. Total, 525.

135 birds and eggs from Repulse Bay. Presented by Dr. J.
Rae.

307 birds from Sikhim. Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
[Vide antea, p. .| The fourtk instalment of the great
Hodgson donation.

1849,

93 specimens presented ; 399 purchased. Total, 492.

147 birds from New Zealand. Presented by Capt. Stokes,
R.N., of H.M.S. Acheron. Collected by Dr. Lyall.

173 specimens from various parts of the British Islands.
Purchased of Mr. J. Baker.

1850.

671 specimens presented ; 532 purchased. Total, 1203.

230 birds from the Pacific coast of America, Galapagos
Islands, ete. Presented by Capt. Kellett, H.M.S. Herald, and
Lieut. Wood, H.M.S. Pandora.

204 birds from the Islands of Torres Straits and adjacent
parts of Australia. Presented by Capt. Owen Stanley (Voyage
of H.M.S. Rattlesnake).

36 eggs from Greenland. Collected by Governor Holboell.

37 birds from San Domingo. Collected by Mr. Auguste
Salle.e. Purchased from Mr. Hugh Cuming.

1851.

284 specimens presented ; 637 purchased. Total, 921.

44 birds from the Falkland Islands and from islands off the
Australian coast, the Louisiades, ete. Presented by John
Macgillivray, Esq. (Voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake).

Birds. 2:

[sD} |
pi

1852.

307 specimens presented ; 419 purchased. Total, 726.

115 eggs, presented by H. F. Walter, Esq.

106 birds from New Zealand. Presented by Captain Stokes,
I%.N.

29 birds from Damara Land, collected by C. J. Andersson.

1853.

158 specimens presented ; 483 purchased. Total, 646.

104 birds from Bagdad. Presented by Kenneth Loftus, Esq.

55 Humming Birds, and 86 Toucans. Purchased of Mr.
Gould.

1854.

84 specimens presented ; 540 purchased. Total, 624.
127 specimens from Bogotä. Purchased of Mr. Samuel
Stevens.

1855.

150 specimens presented ; 742 purchased. Total, 892.

403 birds from various localities. Purchased from the
Zoological Society.

On the determination of the Zoological Society to give up its
Museum, the first choice of acquiring the specimens was offered
tothe British Museum, which thus regained the typical examples
described from the voyage of the Beagle and other exploring
vessels, the collections of which should by rights have gone into
the national museum. A few seem to have been overlooked
by Mr. G. R. Gray and passed into the hands of private
collectors, but within the past few years some of these have
likewise been regained by the Museum, on the death of the
owners, whose collections have been dispersed.

1855.

101 birds from South America. Purchased of Mr. J. Gould.
88 birds from N.W. America. Presented by Captain Collin-
son, R.N. (H.M.SS. Enterprise and Endeavour,).

1856.

319 birds presented ; 160 purchased. Total, 429.
36 birds from Teheran, Persia, collected by the Hon.
C. Murray. Presented by Charles Darwin, Esq.

252 Zoology.

5 birds from New Zealand. Purchased of Mr. W. Mantell
(through Mr. Gould). Among these were the type-specimens of
Nestor notabilis and Spatula variegata, as well as the first perfect
specimen of Notornis mantelli.

46 birds from the Fiji Islands, Norfolk Island, ete. Collected
by Dr. F.M. Rayner (H.M.S. Herald). Presented by the Lords
of the Admiralty.

23 birds and eggs from Candahar. Presented by Capt.
Hutton.

Ineludes the types of several species described by the donor.

1857.

268 specimens presented ; 660 purchased. Total, 928.

66 birds from Lombok, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace.

This was the commencement of the long series of collections
made by Dr. A. R. Wallace during his celebrated expedition to
the Malay Archipelago. Dr. Wallace kept the first set for
himself, and only duplicates were sold ; but the collections were
submitted in their entirety to Mr. George Robert Gray for
description, the actual types of new species being returned, with
the first set, to Dr. Wallace’s agent, Mr. Samuel Stevens.

25 birds, with 12 types of new species, collected in Cordova,
S. Mexico, by M. Auguste Salle.

249 birds from N.W. Australia, collected by Dr. J. R. Elsey.

347 birds from various localities. Purchased of Mr. John
Gould.

1858.

114 specimens presented ; 1112 purchased. Total, 1226.

Specially interesting are the following items :—

38 birds from the Amazons (Rio Javari, ete.), collected by
H. W. Bates.

150 birds, obtained by Dr. A. R. Wallace in the Key and
Aru Islands.

58 birds from Celebes, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace.

49 eggs of British birds. Presented by Frederic Bond, Esaq.

32 birds purchased at the sale of Dr. Van Lidth de Jeude’s
Museum.

This was one of the most celebrated private collections in
Europe at the time. In addition to many specimens of interest
to the Museum, a second specimen of the Great Auk (Plautus
impennis) was acquired for the National Collection.

Birds. 253

A specimen of the Whale-headed Stork (Balseniceps rex) was
acquired by purchase.

1859.

785 specimens presented ; 638 purchased. Total, 1423.

41 birds from the Fiji Islands and other localities in the
Pacific Ocean, collectted Dr. F. M. Rayner (Voyage of H.M.».
Herald). Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty.

9] birds from Vancouver Island. Presented by Dr. Lyall
(Voyage of H.M.S. Plumper).

598 birds from Nepal. Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Fifth instalment of the great Hodgson Collection.

132 birds and eggs, including Capt. Abbott’s series of eggs
from the Falkland Islands. Purchased of Mr. Gould.

6 birds and 15 nests from St. Croix and St. Thomas, W.1I.
Presented by Professor Newton.

83 birds from Batchian, Amboina, and N.W. New Guinea
(Dorey), from Dr. A. R. Wallace’s collection.

41 birds from New Oaledonia and the New Hebrides, collected
by John Macgillivray, including types of several new species.

33 nests with eggs of birds from Natal, collected by Mr.
Thomas Ayres.

88 birds from various localities, including types of several
species. Purchased of M. Parzudaki.

94 birds from various localities. Purchased of Mr. John
Gould.

1860.

1029 specimens presented ; 956 purchased. Total, 1985.

54 birds and 36 eggs from Natal, collected by Dr.
Gueinzius.

255 specimens from Dr. Wallace’s collections, from Batchian,
Halmahöra, Ternate, Celebes, Timor, Ceram, containing many
new species.

106 birds from Vancouver Island and 131 birds from
British Columbia, collected by Mr. J. K. Lord, the naturalist
to the British North American Boundary Commission, and
presented by the Foreign Oflice.

48 birds from Guatemala. Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq.

These specimens were duplicates from Mr. Salvin’s expedition
to Guatemala (vide infra, p. ):

195 birds from Zambesia, obtained during the Livingstone

254 Zoology.

expedition, and preserved by Sir (then Dr.) John Kirk.
Presented by the Foreign Oflice.

92 birds from Ecuador. Purchased of Mr. John Gould.

584 birds from various parts of the Indian Empire, and 34
birds from Shoa. Presented by the Secretary of State for
India.

1861.

336 specimens presented ; 407 purchased. Total 743.

172 birds from Shoa. Collected by Sir W. Cornwallis
Harris. Presented by the Secretary of State for India.

40 birds from Fort Simpson in N.W. British America.
Presented by B. R. Ross, Esg.

116 birds from Dr. A. R. Wallace’s Malayan expedition, from
Mysol, Ceram, and Waigiu.

26 birds from Gaboon. Purchased of Mr. P. B. Du Chaillu.

17 birds from Upper Burma and Sikhim, with types of 6
new species. Presented by Dr. T. C. Jerdon.

1862.

133 specimens presented ; 328 purchased. Total 461.
221 birds from Dr. A. R. Wallace’s Malayan expedition, from
New Guinea, Mysol, Morotai, Timor, Sula Islands, and Bouru.
16 specimens from Camaroons, W. Africa, with the types of
4 new species, obtained by Sir Richard Burton ; presented by
Lady Burton.
1863.

8574 specimens presented ; 141 purchased. Total 1015.

398 birds from British Columbia. Presented by J. K.
Lord, Esq.

After Mr. Lord had finished his work as naturalist to the
British North American Boundary Commission, he remained for
some time in British Columbia, and made a considerable collection
of birds.

40 birds from Dr. A. R. Wallace’s Malayan expedition, from
Flores and Buru.

139 birds, 16 nests, and 38 eggs, from the Mackenzie River
district. Presented by B. R. Ross, Esgq.

84 birds from Pegu. Presented by Dr. W. T. Blanford,
F.R.S.

87 birds, presented by the Linnean Seeiety. The Linnean

Birds. 255

Society determined in this year to hand over its collection of
birds to the British Museum. It was a very important donation,
containing the types of the Australian birds described by Vigors
and Horsfield (Tr. Linn. Soc., xv., pp. 180-330), and the
Parrots described by Temminck (Tr. Linn. Soc., xüi., pp. 111-
129).

39 birds collected by Sir John Kirk during the Livingstone
expedition. Presented by the Foreign Office.

44 birds from the Zambesi and Shir@ Rivers. Collected and
presented by the Rev. Charles Livingstone, including the type
of the Livingstone Touraco (Turacus livingstonei).

An adult specimen of the Whale-headed Stork (Balzeniceps
rex), obtained by Consul FPetherick.

1864.

79 specimens presented ; 394 purchased. Total 473.
265 birds from Palestine. Collected by the Rev. Canon
Tristram.

1865.

216 specimens presented ; 323 purchased. Total 539.

88 birds from Guatemala, duplicates from Mr. Ösbert Salvin’s
collection.

115 sets of eggs. Purchased of Mr. John Gould.

160 birds from Malacca. Presented by W. Harvey, Esg.

At this time the Museum had very few specimens from the
Malay Archipelago, and the collection was of great use. By
the presentation of the Hume and Tweeddale collections, Mr.
Harvey’s series, which had no exact localities or dates, was
superseded, and most of the specimens have been given away to
other Museums.

29 birds from Halmah6era, and other islands in the Malay
Archipelago, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace.

1866.

122 speeimens presented ; 336 purchased. Total, 458.

In this year were acquired :—

66 birds from Upper Amazonia, from Mr. Edward Bartlett's
expedition to the River Amazon, being the first set of his
collection [cf. Sel. and Salv., P.Z.S., 1867, pp. 748-759].

68 nests from North America. Presented by Osbert
Salvin, Esq.

256 Zoology.

1867.

Specimens presented, 95 ; purchased 266. Total, 361.

66 Domestie Pigeons and Ducks. Presented by Charles
Darwin, Esq.

These specimens were valuable, as having served the cele-
brated author as evidence for his work on the “ Variation of
Animals and Plants under Domestication.”

1868.

Specimens presented, 18; purchased, 274. Total, 292.

The only noteworthy acquisition in this year was that of
126 birds, duplicates from Mr. Ösbert Salvin’s expedition to
Central America.

1869.

628 specimens presented ; 217 purchased. Total 845.

476 birds from Abyssinia, collected by Dr. W. T. Blanford.
Presented by the Government of India.

This was the second set of specimens from the collection
made by Dr. Blanford, the naturalist appointed to the Abyssinian
expedition. After the storming of Magdala he visited the
Anseba Valley in Bogos Land accompanied by Mr. W. Jesse.
The first series resulting from this expedition was retained by the
Indian Museum in Calcutta, but a very generous selection was
presented by the latter institution to the National Collection.

106 eggs of South African birds. Presented by E. L.
Layard, Esq., at that time the Director of the South African
Museum at Cape Town.

1870.

261 specimens presented ; 184 purchased. Total, 445.

135 birds from the Pacific Islands. Presented by Julius
Brenchley, Esq.

Mr. Brenchley accompanied Sir William Wiseman on the
cruise of the Curacao in the Pacific. The vessel visited several
islands hitherto unexplored, and many new species were
procured.

66 birds from the West Indian Islands. Presented by
Mrs. Bryant. RK

Dr. Bryant was a celebrated American naturalist, who
travelled throughout the West Indies, and, on his death, be-

Birds. IT

queathed his collection to be divided between certain museums
and well-known ornithologists, in order that these should benefit
by his labours. In England, the British Museum, Dr. Sclater,
Mr. Salvin and Dr. F. D. Godman were selected, and thus a full
series from Dr. Bryant’s collection is now in the Natural History
Museum.

1871.

14 specimens presented ; 94 purchased. Total, 108.

23 birds from Hainan, collected by Consul Robert Swinhoe.

These were duplicate specimens from Consul Swinhoe’s
Hainan collection, recorded by him in the “Ibis” for 1870
(pp- 77-97, 230-256, 342-367). Thefull collection was bequeathed
by Mr. Henry Seebohm in 1897.

40 birds from Central Chili, collected by Mr. E. C. Reed.

1872.

368 presented ; 596 purchased. Total, 964.

In September of this year I was appointed Assistant in the
Zoological Department of the British Museum, in charge of the
ornithological collection, in succession to Mr. George Robert
Gray, who died in May, 1872. My first care was to enlist the
aid of all my personal friends for the increase of the national
collection, with the results recorded in the succeeding years.

44 birds from Southern Spain. Presented by Colonel L. H.
Irby.

68 birds from South Africa. Bequeathed by the late Sir
‘ Andrew Smith.

178 birds from Archangel, and other localities. Presented
by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe.

22 Gyr-falcons and Peregrine Falcons. Purchased of Mr.
John Gould.

23 birds from Accra, W. Africa, and 17 birds from Avington,
Hampshire. Presented by Capt. G. E. Shelley.

1873.

1571 specimens presented ; 4707 purchased. Total 6278.
This year was celebrated for the acquisition of the Wallace
and Monteiro collections, and for several other donations from
my personal friends, Captain Shelley, Mr. A. Swanzy, Colonel
J. Hayes Lloyd, Commander Sperling, and Dr. Blanford, all of
voL. I. s

258 Zoology.

them contributing towards the accomplishment of the “ Catalogue
of Birds,” which Dr. Günther had then inaugurated.

2474 specimens from the Malay Archipelago, colleeted by
Dr. A. R. Wallace, and containing the types of all the new
species described by Mr. G. R. Gray and Dr. A. R. Wallace
himself.

27 Hawks and Owls from the River Amazon, collected by
Dr. A. R. Wallace (cf. Sclater and Salvin, P.Z.S., 1867, pp. 589,
590).

Dr. Wallace allowed the Museum to acquire his Amazonian
eollection of Accipitres for the purposes of the “ Catalogue of
Birds.” The remainder of his South American collection passed
into the possession of Dr. F. D. Godman, and was afterwards
presented by him with the rest of his great collection.

671 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe.

33 birds from Avington, Hants, and 117 from Egypt, etc.
Presented by Captain G. E. Shelley.

- 18 specimens from the Fanti country in Western Africa.
Presented by Andrew Swanzy, Esq.

4] specimens from Bogos Land, collected by Mr. Eisler.
Purchased.

97 specimens from various localities. Presented by John
Gould, Esq.

107 birds from Kattiawar. Presented by Colonel J. Hayes
Lloyd. This collection was described by the donor in the “Ibis ”
for 1873 (pp. 397-421), and his memoir is still the only detailed
account of the ornithology of this part of India.

62 birds from Belgium. Presented by the Brussels Museum.

42 birds from Bahia (Wucherer), S. Ural (Strader), and other
localities. Purchased of Mr. Gerrard.

39 birds from the Lower Congo. Presented by Commander
R. M. Sperling. This collection was described by me in the
““ Proceedings of the Zoological Society ” for 1873 (pp. 716-717).
A new Goatsucker was named Macrodipteryc sperlingi, but it
afterwards proved to be only the female of Cosmetornis vexillarius.

179 birds from Angola and Benguela, colleeted by Mr. J. J.
Monteiro. This collection contained types of the new species,
described by the late Dr. G. Hartlaub and myself.

18 specimens from various localities, including the type of a
new species of Owlet, Glaueidium tephronotum. Presented by
W. Wilson Saunders, Esq.

Birds. 259

1874.

1227 specimens presented ; 1084 purchased ; 325 received in
exchange. Total, 2636.

The most important accessions were :—

683 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe.

321 specimens from Baluchistan and Persia, collected by Dr.
W.T. Blanford. Presented by the Indian Museum, Calcutta.

603 specimens of African birds. Purchased.

These were the first and second instalments of my collection of
African birds, which I had to dispose of on entering the Govern-
ment service, no oflicer of the British Museum being allowed to
keep a private collection of the group of animals of which he is
in charge in the Museum (ef. infra, p. ):

99 birds from Sweden, collected by Mr. Meves.‘ Purchased.

35 specimens of Aceipitres from the collection of Consul Robert
Swinhoe. Purchased.

11 birds from Zambesia. Presented by Sir John Kirk.

59 birds from Peru and Siberia. Received in exchange from
the Warsaw Museum.

25 birds from Egypt and the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by
Sir Samuel Baker.

The types of a new species of Raven from Morocco (Corvus
tingitanus, Irby). Presented by Colonel L. H. Irby.

45 birds from the Cape Verde Islands, Gahoon, and Sene-
gambia. Purchased of Mr. A. Bouvier.

62 specimens in spirits from Gaboon. Presented by H. T.
Ansell, Esaq.

1875.

Specimens presented, 908; purchased, 1194. Total, 2102.

440 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe.

156 birds from Kamptee, Central India. Presented by Dr.
R. B. Hinde.

81 birds from New Zealand. Received in exchange from the
Colonial Museum, Wellington.

180 birds from the Transvaal and Orange River Colony.
Collected by F. A. Barratt, Esa.

591 African birds from Dr. Bowdler Sharpe’s collection.
Purchased.

2

260 Zoology.
1876.

Specimens presented, 2372; purchased, 1656. Total, 4028.

100 specimens from Europe and Asia. Purchased of Mr. John
Gould.

1246 birds from the North-Western Himalayas and Malacca.
Presented by Capt. Stackhouse Pinwill.

110 specimens of birds, nests, and eggs, collected in the Island
of Rodriguez during the Transit of Venus expedition by the Rev.
H. H. Slater and Mr. G. Gulliver. Presented by the Royal
Society.

200 birds from Upper Burma, collected by Dr. John Anderson
during the Yun-nan expedition. Presented by the Indian Museum,
Calecutta.

300 birds from Western North America, collected during the
North American Boundary Commission (49th parallel), by
Professor G. Dawson. Presented by the Foreign Oflce.

151 birds from British North Borneo, and the Island ‘of
Labuan, collected by Sir Hugh Low.

750 African birds, being the fourth instalment of Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe’s collection. Purchased.

22 birds and 114 eggs collected in Kerguelen Island by the
Rev. A. E. Eaton during the Transit of Venus expedition.
Presented by the Royal Society.

77 birds from the Philippine Islands. Collected by Professor
J. B. Steere.

1877.

Specimens presented, 845 ; purchased, 1006. Total, 1851.

Of special interest were :—

138 birds from Kingwilliamstown, East Cape Colony. Pre-
sented by Major H. Trevelyan.

53 birds from China. Presented by the Shanghai Museum.

25 birds from British New Guinea, collected by O. C. Stone,
Esaq.

12 birds from British New Guinea, collected by Dr. James.

3 birds, all new to the collection. Received in exchange from
the Darmstadt Museum.

600 African birds, being the fourth instalment of Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe’s collection. Purchased.

144 birds from Labuan and North West Borneo, collected by
Governor Ussher.

Birds. 261

265 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe.

87 birds from the Pacific Islands. Purchased from the
Godeffroy Museum.

87 birds from Queensland and Abeokuta, West Africa.
Presented by Francis Nicholson, Esq.

54 birds collected by Colonel H. W. Feilden, C.B., during
the voyage of the Alert and Discovery to the Arctic Regions.
Presented by the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury.

1878.

Specimens presented, 989 ; purchased, 1936. Total, 2925.

The acquisitions of special interest were :—

163 birds from the Ellice Islands, Fiji Islands, and Samoa.
Purchased of the Rev. S. J. Whitmee.

115 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe.

108 birds from Uruguay and Argentina, collected by Mr.
Alan Peel.

82 birds from the Congo River, West Africa, and from
Kessang, Malay Peninsula. Purchased of M. A. Bouvier.

308 birds from Cochin China. Presented by M. E. Pierre.

46 birds from the Arctic Regions, collected by Colonel H. W.
Feilden, ©.B. (H.M.S. Alert). Presented by the Lords Com-
missioners of the Treasury.

82 birds and eggs from Discovery Bay, collected by Mr. H.
Chichester Hart (H.M.S. Discovery). Presented by the Lords
Commissioners of the Treasury.

88 birds from Ceylon. Presented by Colonel Vincent Legge.

121 birds from West Java. Presented by Francis
Nicholson, Esg.

12 birds from the interior of Viti Levu, collected by
Dr. Kleinschmidt. Purchased from the Godeffroy Museum.

1038 African birds, being the fifth instalment of Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe’s collection. Purchased.

200 birds from Western Siberia and Turkestan, being the
first set of the specimens obtained by Dr. Finsch on his
expedition into Siberia.

1879.

Specimens presented, 3128; purchased, 332. Total, 3460.
Of special interest were the following items :—
52 birds from East Africa, collected by Dr. Hildebrandt.

262 Zoology.

68 birds from South Eastern New Guinea, collected by
Mr. Kendal Broadbent. Purchased of Mr. Gerrard.

1858 birds from various localities in the Old World.
Presented by Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S., and Mr. Osbert
Salvin, F.R.S.

360 birds from Matabeleland and the Zambesi, collected by
the late Mr. Frank Oates. Presented by his brothers, W. E. and
C. G. Oates, Esqrs.

700 birds from the British Indian Empire, ineluding several
types from the Indian Museum. Presented by the Secretary of
State for India.

65 birds from the Straits of Magellan, colleeted by
Dr. Coppinger (Voy. H.M.S. Alert). Presented by the Lords of
the Admiralty.

1880.

Specimens presented, 6002; purchased, 1080. Total, 7082.

4731 birds from the British Indian Empire, including
112 types of species from the Indian Museum. Presented by
the Secretary of State for India.

201 birds from Travancore, colleeted by Mr. Frank
Bourdillon.

91 skins and skeletons of birds from the Straits of Magellan,
collected by Dr. Coppinger (Voy. H.M.S. Alert). Presented by
the Lords of the Admiralty.

43 birds collected by Carl Hunstein in South East New
Guinea. Purchased of Mr. Gerrard.

1021 birds and eggs, collected during the Voyage of
H.M.S. Challenger. Presented by the Lords of the Treasury.

318 nests and eggs of birds from North West Borneo.
Presented by Sir Hugh Low.

12 birds from Duke of York Island, New Britain, New
Caledonia and Loyalty Islands, including 9 species new to the
Museum, collected by E. L. and L. C. Layard, Esqrs.

1881.

Specimens presented, 3032 ; purchased, 7102. Total, 10,134.

108 skeletons and 205 skins of birds from the collection of the
late T. C. Eyton, Esg.

56 specimens of Thrushes. Presented by Henry Seebohm,
Esq.

123 birds from Nepal and Gilgit. Presented by Dr. J.
Sceully.

Birds. 263

83 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe.

66 birds from the Island of Socotra, collected by Professor I.
Bayley Balfour. Presented by the British Association.

97 birds from Duke of York Island, collected by the Rev. G.
Brown.

6315 skins of birds, being the private collection of the late
John Gould.

The mounted series of Humming Birds from the collection of
the late John Gould.

The collection of skins of Humming Birds from the collection
of the late John Gould.

9 specimens from the Eastern Narra, Sind. Presented by
Serope Doig, Esq.

68 birds from various parts of Great Britain. Presented by
Theodore Walker, Esq.

17 specimens of Timelüdse from Burma, collected by Colonel
R. G. Wardlaw Ramsay.

260 additional specimens from the North West Himalayas
and Malacca. Presented by Capt. Stackhouse Pinwill.

85 birds from the North West Provinces, India. Presented
by Colonel Way.

19 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Coppinger.

48 birds from Egypt and Algeria. Presented by J. H.
Gurney, Esg., jun.

1394 birds from Queensland, collected by Mr. T. J. Cockerell.
Presented by Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, Esq., F.R.S.

21 birds from the Solomon Islands and Seychelles, colleeted
by Lieut. G. H. Richards, R.N.

ll birds from the New Hebrides. Purchased from the
Godeffroy Museum.

341 birds from Kandahar. Presented by Colonel Charles
Swinhoe.

106 birds from California. Presented by Lord Walsingham.

200 birds from Gilgit. Presented by Colonel John Biddulph.

1882.
Specimens presented, 1293; purchased, 2593. Total, 3886.
Of special interest were the following accessions :—
31 nests, 392 eggs, and 31 sterna of birds from Pegu.
Presented by Eugene W. Oates, Esaq.
1544 birds from Pegu, including 32 new species to the Museum,

eollected by Eugene W. Oates, Esq.

264 Zoology.

127 birds from the Islands of Torres Straits and Queensland,
collected by Dr. Coppinger (Voy. H.M.S. Alert). Presented by
the Lords of the Admiralty.

546 birds, eggs, and skeletons from Madagascar, collected by
the Rev. Deans Cowan.

190 birds from various localities. Presented by Henry
Seebohm, Esgq.

1883,

Specimens presented, 622; purchased, 327; exchanged 107°
Total, 1056.

Specially important were :—

13 specimens of Timelüd: from the Philippine Islands and
Burma. Presented by Colonel R. G. Wardlaw Ramsay.

28 birds from South East New Guinea, collected by
Mr. A. Goldie.

95 birds from Tenasserim, eollected by Colonel C. T. Bingham.

103 birds from the Tenimber Islands, with types of 21 new
species, colleted by Dr. H. O. Forbes. Presented by the
British Association.

‘40 birds from the Nilghiri Hills. Presented by
W. Davison, Esg.

77 birds from the Lawas River in North West Borneo,
collected by Mr. F. Burbidge. Presented by Harry Veitch, Esq.

13 specimens of Malayan birds, including 8 species new to
the collection. Presented by the Leyden Museum.

64 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. R.
Bowdler Sharpe.

44 birds from Brighton. Purchased of Mr. Henry Swaysland.

23 birds from theGold Coast. Presented by Sir Alfred Moloney.

74 specimens of British birds, chiefly Limicolse, from the
collection of Mr. J. Edmund Harting.

107 specimens from New South Wales. Received in exchange
from the Australian Museum, Sydney.

32 birds from Japan. Presented by Captain Blakiston.

1884.

Specimens presented, 3954; purchased, 1320. Total, 5274.

426 birds from Nigeria, and a collection of Weaver-Birds
(Ploceide) and Finches (Fringillide). Bequeathed by the late
W. A. Forbes, Esag.

19 birds from Ashanti, West Africa. Presented by
Sir Godfrey Lagden.

254 birdsfrom Nagasaki, Japan. Presented by F. Ringer, Esq.

Birds. 265

13 birds from the Solomon Islands, including 7 species new to
the collection. Purchased from Mr. Cockerell.

27 birds from Japan. Presented by Captain Blakiston.

795 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe.

64 birds from Zambesia. Presented by Sir John Kirk.

3l skeletons of Petrels, collected by the naturalists of
H.M.S. Challenger. Presented by the Lords of the Treasury.

123 birds from the Niam-niam country in Equatorial Africa,
collected by Mr. F. Bohndorff.

27 birds from Bouru and other islands in the Moluccas,
collected by Dr. H. O. Forbes.

731 speeimens of American Passeres from the collection of
Dr.P. L. Sclater (Hirundinidze, Mniotiltide, Ozerebidze), including
34 types and 56 species new to the Museum. The first and
second instalments of the Sclater collection.

38 eggs from Tenasserim. Presented by Colonel ©. T. Bingham.

25 birds from Italy. Presented by Professor H. H. Giglioli.

69 birds and eggs from Oorsica, including the type of a new
species of Nuthatch (Sitta whiteheadi). Presented by John
Whitehead, Esq.

90 birds from the Nilghiri Hills. Presented by W. R.
Davison, Esg.

826 eggs from various localities. Presented by Osbert
Salvin, Esq., F.R.S., and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S.

8 birds from Aden. Presented by Colonel Yerbury.

198 eggs from Pegu. Presented by Eugene W. Oates, Esq.

332 birds from Mhow, C. India. Presented by Colonel
Charles Swinhoe.

138 specimens of Swallows (Hirundinide) and American
Warblers (Mniotiltide) from various parts of North America.
Presented by the U. S. National Museum.

579 eggs from various localities.. From the collection of the
late John Gould, Esg.

1885.

Specimens presented 87,827 ; purchased 3024. Total 90,551. _

The chief event of this year was the presentation by Mr.
Allan ©. Hume, C©.B., of his famous collection (59,612) of Indian
birds, and their eggs (15,965). This was the largest private
collection at that time in the world.

Other accessions of great interest were :—

2365 eggs from various localities. Presented by Ösbert
Salvin, Esq., F.R.S., and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S.

266 Zoology.

910 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. R.
Bowadler Sharpe.

36 birds from France. Presented by Edward Hargitt,
Esq., R.I.

183 eggs from Betsileo in Madagascar. Presented by the
Rev. Deans Cowan.

227 specimens of Finches (Fringillide) and Hang-nests (Icte-
ridse). Presented by the U. S. National Museum.

24 birds from Aden and Lahej. Presented by Colonel
Yerbury.

2281 specimens of American Passeres—(Icteride, Tanagrid,
Fringillid), the third, fourth and fifth instalments of the Sclater
collection.

189 birds from Fao in the Persian Gulf. Presented by W.
D. Cumming, Esq.

3l birds from the island of Palawan in the Philippines,
collected by E. Lempriere, Esq.

75 birds from Mt. Kilimanjaro in German East Africa, col-
lected by Sir Harry Johnston, G.C.B., G.C.M.G. Presented by
the British Association.

66 birds from Muscat. Presented by Colonel Miles.

3l birds froın Ceylon. Presented by Colonel Vincent Legge.

354 birds from Argentina, collected by the late Henry
Durnford, Esaq.

1157 eggs from various localities ; continuation of the collection
of the late John Gould, Esq. [Cf. p. 265.]

ı! 6895 birds (Turdide and Fringillide), being the first twelve
instalments of their Neotropical collection. Presented by Osbert
Salvin, Esq., F.R.S., and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, Esq., F.R.S.

1886.

Specimens presented 2524; purchased 1496. Total 4020.

Of special interest were the following :—

480 birds, principally Hawks and Owls. Presented by
Henry Seebohm, Esq.

516 birds from various localities, purchased from the collection
of the late Sir William Jardine.

802 American birds (Turdide, Mimide, Troglodytidze), being
the sıxth, seventh, and eighth instalments of the Sclater collection.

143 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe.

35 birds from the South Atlantic, principally from the island
of S. Trinidad. Presented by the Earl of Crawford, K.T., F.R.S.

Birds. 267

84 birds from Bushire, $. Persia. Presented by A. J.V.
Palmer, Esg.

230 birds from Afghanistan, collected by Dr. Aitchison.
Presented by the Afghan Delimitation Commission.

45 birds from S. Manchuria. Presented by Sir Evan James.

33 birds from the mountains of Perak. Presented by L.
Wray, Esq., jun.

1073 birds from Yucatan and the adjacent islands, collected by
Dr. G. F. Ganmer, and presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.,
and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S. (thirteenth instalment).

1887.

Specimens presented, 25,206 ; purchased, 703; received in
exchange, 60. Total, 25,969.

The year 1887 was memorable for the presentation by Colonel
R. G. Wardlaw Ramsay of the splendid collection of Asiatic
birds bequeathed to him by his uncle, the 9th Marquess of
Tweeddale.

Other notable additions were :—

24 birds from the Solomon Islands, including the types of 3
species. Presented by Dr. P. L. Sclater.

35 birds from the Solomon Islands, including 8 species new to
the Museum and the type of Macrocorax woodfordi, collected by
C. M. Woodford, Esq.

241 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe.

75 birds from S.E. New Guinea, collected by the Hon.
Hugh Romilly. Presented by the Exhibition Commissioners of
Queensland.

35 birds from the mountains of Camaroons, W. Africa,
collected by Sir Harry Johnston, G.C.B., G.C.M.G. Presented
by the British Association.

82 birds from California and Arizona. Presented by G. Frean
Morcom, Esq.

23 birds from China, including types of two species described
by the donor. Presented by F. W. Styan, Esaq.

485 Humming Birds, being the ninth instalment of the Sclater
collection.

19 birds from the mountains of Perak in the Malay Peninsula.
Presented by L. Wray, Esq., jun.

192 birds from Derby, N.W. Australia. Presented by Captain
Bowyer-Bower. Collected by his son, the late T. H. Bowyer-
Bower, Esq.

268 Zoology.

6 birds from New Ireland, including the types of three new
species, collected by Dr. Otto Finsch.

37 birds from S. Manchuria. Presented by Sir Evan James.

17 birds from the Congo, collected by Mr. F. Bohndorft.

342 birds from Equatorial Africa. Presented by Emin Pasha.

5 birds from Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, collected during
the voyage of the Flying Fish. Presented by the Lords of the
Admiralty.

60 birds from the Caucasus and other parts of the Russian
Empire. Received in exchange from the Imperial Academy of
Sciences, St. Petersburg.

539 Cuckoos and 36 Petrels from various localities, including
the type of Cymochorea monorhis. Presented by Henry Seebohm,
Esq.

25 birds from the Sudan. Presented by Colonel Willughby
Verner.

183 birds from East Africa, including the types of Ploceus
jacksoni, Sylviella minima, and Campothera pallida. Presented by
F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G.

3335 specimens of American Corvidse, Trochilidse, and Acei-
pitres, being the fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth instalments
of their Neotropical collection. Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq.,
F.R.S., and Dr. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S.

1888.

Specimens presented, 20,392; purchased, 1986; received in
exchange, 30. Total, 22,408.

Special mention may be made of the following accessions :—

1718 specimens of Tyrannidz, Cotingide, and Piprid, including
no less than 117 types of species, being the tenth instalment of
the Sclater collection.

44 birds from East Africa. Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esgq.,
C.B., C.M.G.

57 birds from the island of Guadalcanar, Solomon Archipelago,
including the types of 13 new species. Collected by C. M.
Woodford, Esq.

68 birds from Guadalcanar. Presented by C. M. Woodford,
Esq.

5408 specimens of Tyrannidse, Pipride, Cotingidz, Striges,
Picarize, etc., being the seventeenth to twenty-ninth instalments
of their Neotropical collection. Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq.,
F.R.S., and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S.

Birds. 269

13,326 specimens of skins and eggs of North American birds,
forming the Hanshaw collection. Presented by Dr. F. Du Cane
Godman, F.R.S.

13 birds from Muscat. Presented by Surgeon-Colonel Jayakar.

198 birds from various localities. Presented by Henry See-
bohm, Esq.

26 birds from Dominica, collected by Mr. Ramage. Presented
by the West Indian Committee of the Royal Society.

19 Cormorants and Shags from Fowey, Cornwall. Presented
by Dr. A. Günther.

76 birds from the mountains of Perak. Presented by A.
Wray, Esq., jun.

52 birds from South East New Guinea, including the types of
four new species, collected by Dr. H. O. Forbes.

35 birds, collected by M. Humblot in the Comoro Islands.
Purchased of Mr. G. A. Frank.

30 birds and 5 eggs from the Island of Fernando Noronha,
including the types of two new species, collected by H. M. Ridley,
Esq. Presented by the Royal Society.

85 birds from various localities. Presented by Dr. Bowdler
Sharpe.

231 birds from the Island of Cyprus. Presented by Lord
Lilford.

23 birds from Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, including the
types of five new species. Presented by J. J. Lister, Esq.

54 birds from North West Borneo, and the neighbouring
islands, collected by Alfred Everett, Esq.

8 birds from the Comoro Islands, with four species new to
the collection. Presented by the Paris Museum.

69 birds from Ichang in Western China, collected by Mr.
A.E. Pratt.

44 birds from Benguela, including twenty species new to the
Museum collection. Presented by the Lisbon Museum.

195 birds from Fao, Persian Gulf. Presented by W. D.
Cumming, Esq.

1889.

Specimens presented, 6936; purchased, 4093; received in
exchange, 76. Total, 11,105.

364 specimens of Pigeons, Barbets, Cuckoos, Weaver-birds,
Woodpeckers, including types of four species new to the Museum.
Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esq.

4947 specimens of Aceipitres, Psittaci, Columbiformes, Oracid:e,

270 Zoology.

etc., being the thirtieth to thirty-ninth instalments of their
Neotropical collection. Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.,
and Dr. F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S.

48 birds from the Baram distriet of Sarawak, Borneo, collected
by Dr. Charles Hose.

275 birds (mostly Starlings and Larks) from various localities.
Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe.

70 birds from Mount Aboo, North West India, collected by
Colonel A. E. Butler. Received in exchange.

36 birds from the Island of Palawan, Philippine Archipelago,
collected by Mr. John Whitehead.

1952 specimens of Woodpeckers, Cuckoos, Toucans, Barbets,
Dendrocoloptide, Formicarüds, being the eleventh, twelfth,
thirteenth, and fourteenth instalments of the Sclater collection,
including 112 types.

1681 specimens of African birds, Alaudids, Ploceids, Picariz,
etc., being the first to the eighth instalments of the Shelley
collection, including thirteen types of species described by
Captain G. E. Shelley.

186 birds from the Kilimanjaro distriet and Teita in East
Africa, including seven types of new species. Presented by
H. C. V. Hunter, Esog.

44 birds from Kansu in North West China, collected by
Mr. Berezowski, including seventeen species new to the collection.
59 birds from the Lower Congo, collected by Mr. L. Petit.

98 Ducks from various localities. Presented by H. J. Elwes,
Esq., F.R.S.

ll Gulls from the collection of the late Mr. Vingoe, from
Cornwall. Purchased at the Vingoe sale.

148 birds from the collection of the Conte de Riocour,
including an example of the extinct Starling (Fregilupus varius),
of Reunion.

105 birds from Dominica, collected by Mr. Ramage. Pre-
sented by the West India Committee of the Royal Society.

121 birds from Tasmania. Presented by ©. G. H. Lloyd, Esq.

63 birds and 17 eggs from China, from Mount Kina Balu and
North Western Borneo. Presented by John Whitehead, Esq.

40 birds from Yarkand, collected by the Rev. Dr. Lansdell.

57 birds from South Wales. Presented by the Hon. W.
Edwardes (afterwards Lord Kensington).

33 Starlings from the vieinity of Lucknow. Presented by
George Reid, Esq., Director of the Lucknow Museum.

a ee

Birds. a7ı

1890.

Specimens presented, 5055 ; purchased, 1955 ; received in
exchange, 136. Total, 7147.

A variety of the Snipe anda Reeyve’s Pheasant. Presented by His
Majesty King Edward VII. (then H.R.H. the Prince of Wales).

2835 specimens of American birds, Accipitres (Birds of Prey),
Corvide (Crows), Turdide (Thrushes), Troglodytide (Wrens),
etc., being the fortieth to forty-fifth instalments of the Salvin-
Godman collection. Presented by Dr. F. Du Cane Godman,
F.R.S., and Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.

834 specimens of Picarian birds, being the final instalment of
the Sclater collection.

761 specimens of African birds, being the ninth to nineteenth
instalments of the Shelley collection.

405 speciinens of Larks, Hoopoes, and Kingfishers, mostly
from the Swinhoe collection. Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esq.

216 eggs from Fao, Persian Gulf. Presented by W. D.
Cumming, Esq.

The only known British specimen of the Siberian Thrush
(Oichloselys sibirica). Frederic Bond Bequest.

47 birds from the Altai Mountains. Presented by St. George
Littledale, Esq.

82 birds from Madeira and the Desertas Islands, including
the type of a new Sparrow-hawk (Aceipiter granti). Presented by
W.R. Ogilvie Grant, Esg.

Young birds and eggs of the Cream-coloured Courser
(Qursorius gallieus). Presented by E. G. B. Meade-Waldo, Esq.

17 birds from the Aruwhimi River, collected by the late
J. S. Jameson. Presented by Mrs. Jameson.

543 birds from Africa. Presented by J. H. Gurney, jun.
This collection was formed by the donor’s father, John Henry
Gurney, and was a most valuable addition to the National
Collection ; consisting, as it did, of much of the material on which
Mr. Gurney and Mr. Thomas Ayres had founded their memoirs
on the Ornithology of Natal and the Transvaal.

168 birds from Turkestan, collected by the late Dr. Severtzow.

100 birds from Labuan and Sarawak. Collected by
A. H. Everett, Esog.

28 birds fromEquatorial Africa. Presented by Emin Pasha.

240 birds from the Philippine Islands. Received in exchange
from E. L. Moseley, Esq.

€

DD

72 Zoology.

33 birds from the Bellenden-Ker Range, North East
Queensland. Presented by the Australian Museum, Sydney.

136 eggs from Southern Spain. Presented by Lord Lilford.

101 birds from Northern Italy. Presented by Count T.
Salvadori.

216 eggs from Fao, Persian Gulf. Presented by W. D.
Cumming, Esaq.

77 birds and eggs from the Arctic and Antarctic Oceans.
Bequeathed by Dr. Robert McCormick.

42 birds from Kiukiang, S. China. Presented by F. W.
Styan, Esq.

19 birds from the Sandwich Islands, colleeted by Mr.
Knudsen. Presented by Professor Collett, Director of the
University Museum, Christiania.

1891.

Specimens presented, 5095; purchased, 507; received in
exchange, 2771. Total, 12,883.

56 birds from Muscat. Presented by Surgeon-Colonel A. S.
G. Jayakar.

418 specimens collected during the second Yarkand Mission.
In exchange with the Indian Museum, Calcutta.

37 birds and nests from the Pamir. Presented by St. George
Littledale, Esq.

97 specimens from Corea, including the Black Woodpecker,
Thriponax kalinowski, new to the collection. Presented by C.
W. Campbell, Esaq.

13 specimens from the Shan States. Presented by E. W.
Oates, Esq.

186 specimens from the Philippine Islands, obtained during
the Steere expedition, with 20 species new to the Museum.
Purchased and exchanged with E. L. Moseley, Esq.

32 specimens from the islands of the Bight of Benin, includ-
ing six species new to the collection. Presented by the Lisbon
Museum.

16 birds from East Africa. Received in exchange from the
Berlin Museum.

10 birds from the Phenix Islands, with two species of Petrels
new to the collection. Presented by J. J. Lister, Esq.

22 birds from Montana and Dakota, including some fine
examples of North American Buzzards. Presented by E. 8.
Cameron, Esq.

Birds. 213

263 specimens from Central Chili and Tarapacä, including
many species new to the collection, among them the rare Avocet
of the Andes (Recurvirostra andina). Presented by H. Berkeley
James, Esq.

34 nests and eggs from Barbados. Presented by Colonel W.
H. Feilden, C.B.

65 Arctic and Antarctie birds. Bequeathed by the late Dr.
Robert MeCormick.

501 eggs of Gulls and Terns (Laridse). Presented by Howard
Saunders, Esq. This was a very valuable present, the donor being
our greatest authority on the Laride, which family he described in
the twenty-Afth volume of the “Catalogue of Birds.”

The first instalment of his collection of bird’s eggs, comprising
5017 examples. Presented by H. Seebohm, Esq.

In this year Mr. Seebohm commenced the arrangement of
the Museum series of eggs in cabinets.

4787 specimens of American birds, being the forty-sixth to
fifty-sixth instalments of the Salvin-Godman collection. Presented
by Dr.F. Du Cane Godman, F.R.S.,and Osbert Salvin, Esq.,F.R.S.

451 specimens of African Galliformes (Game-birds), Ralli-
formes (Rails), and Charadriformes (Plovers, ete.), being the
twentieth to the twenty-second instalments of the Shelley
collection.

1892.

Specimens presented, 10,024 ; purchased, 1013; received in
exchange, 119. Total, 11,156.

4013 eggs and specimens of O'haradriformes (Wading Birds),
Lariformes (Gulls and Terns), Ralliformes (Rails). Presented by
Henry Seebohm, Esgq.

4534 specimens, being the fifty-sixth to sixty-sixth instalments
of their collection of Neotropical birds. Presented by Dr. F. Du
Cane Godman and Osbert Salvin, Esaq.

A pair of Newton’s Gardener Bower-bird (Prionodura newtoni-
ana). Presented by the Queensland Museum.

1042 birds from Central Chili and Tarapaca. Presented by
H. Berkeley James, Esgq.

19 birds and eggs from the River Gambia. Presented by Dr.
Rendall.

16 birds from the island of Engano, collected by Mr. Modi-
gliani.

95 birds from Eastern Prussia and other parts of Germany.
Received in exchange from Dr. E. Hartert.

voL. 1. m

274 Zoology.

101 birds from Mount Dulit, Sarawak, including 24 species
new to the collection and 13 types. Collected by Dr. C. Hose.

447 birds from Nata) and the Bermudas, collected by Capt.
Savile G. Reid.

3 rare birds from Benguela and St. Thomas’ Island, W.
Africa, including the type of a new genus and species, Amauro-
cichla bocagei. JPresented by the Lisbon Museum.

58 birds from the neighbourhood of Buenos Aires, collected
by F. Withington, Esq.

A pair of the Flightless Rail of Laysan Island, Porzanula
palmeri. Presented by the Hon. Walter Rothschild, Ph.D., M.P.

180 Columbiformes (Pigeons), being the twenty-third instalment
of the Shelley collection.

ll birds from the Malay Peninsula. Presented by W. R.
Davison, Esq.

145 birds from Mt. Kina Balu and N.W. Borneo, collected
by A. H. Everett, Esq.

21 birds from New Zealand and the Chatham Islands,
collected by Dr. H. O. Forbes.

27 birds from Anguilla Island, W.I. Presented by the West
Indian Committee of the Royal Society.

52 birds, mostly from Peru, with several new to the collection.
Presented by Count Branicki.

78 birds from North Australia and the island of Dammar
in the Moluccas, collected by Dr. Bassett-Smith during the voyage
of H.M.S. Penguin. Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty.

477 birds from Hungary. Presented by the Hungarian
National Museum, Budapest.

257 birds from Nyasa Land, containing twelve types and fifteen
species new to the collection. Presented by Sir Harry H.
Johnston, K.C.B., G.C.M.G.

1893.

Specimens presented, 11,062; purchased, 202; received in
exchange, 162. Total, 11,426.

Among the important accessions were :—

502 specimens from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Harry
Johnston, K.C.B., G.C.M.G.

882 specimens of Neotropical birds. Presented by Dr. F.D.
Godman, F.R.S., and Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.

44 types of new species of birds discovered by him in
Uganda and on Mount Elgon. Presented by F. J. Jackson,
Esg., C.R., C.M.G.

a Aue

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Birds. 275

239 specimens of Herons (Ardeiformes) and Limicoline birds
(Charadrüformes). Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esq.

54 birds from Suakin. Presented by Surgeon-Major R. H.
Penton.

83 birds from Mt. Kalulong and the Baram distriet of Sara-
wak. Presented by Dr. Charles Hose.

A ‚third instalment of 8273 eggs was presented by Mr.
Henry Seebohm, making, with those previously given by him, a
donation of 16,290 specimens.

109 eggs of Australian birds from Gippsland, Victoria. Pre-
sented by Judge Philbrick, K.C.

229 birds from various parts of Australia. Presented by
Lord Leigh.

Specimens of Tetraophasis szechenyi, from Tibet, and G@rus
nigricollis, from Mongolia, both species new to the Museum col-
lection. Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esq.

32 birds from Mt. Kina Balu. Presented by Dr. H. A.
Haviland and Dr. D. G. Haviland.

22 birds and eggs from the Chatham Islands, collected by
Dr. H. ©. Forbes.

63 birds from Chili. Bequeathed by the late H. Berkeley
James, Esaq.

27 birds from Antigua, Santa Lucia, collected by Mr. Ramage-
Presented by the West Indian Committee of the Royal Society.

44 specimens of Pheasants and Grouse from various parts of
the Russian Empire. Received in exchange from the St. Peters-
burg Museum.

95 Herons, being the twenty-fourth instalment of the Shelley
collection.

60 birds from Shoa. Received in exchange from the Turin
Museum.

24 specimens from Sarawak and N. W. Borneo, collected by
Mr. A. W. Everett, including the rare Partridge of Kina Balu
(Heematortya sanguiniceps, Sharpe), and the type-specimen of
Everett’s Spider-hunter (Arachnothera everetti).

86 specimens from Mount Kalulong and the Baram province
of Sarawak, collected by Dr. Charles Hose, including the types
of Glaueidium borneense, Turdinus kalulonge, and T. tephrops.

32 birds from the Lower Congo and other localities. Presented
by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe.

31 Neotropical birds. Received in exchange from Graf
Hans von Berlepsch.

Be

276 Zoology.

1894.

Specimens presented, 4505; purchased, 1525; received in
exchange, 243. Total, 6273.

1482 speeimens of Tanagrids, presented by Dr. F. D. Godman,
F.R.S., and Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.

690 birds, viz. 354 Anseriformes (Ducks and Geese), 58
Colymbiformes (Grebes and Divers), 81 Ardeiformes (Herons),
57 Lariformes (Gulls),, 122 Charadriüformes (Waders), 18
Strigiformes (Owls). Presented by Henry Seebohm, Esaq.

183 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Harry
Johnston, G.C.B., K.C.M.G.

86 birds from the Shan States, Burma, including the types
of two new species. Presented by Eugene W. Oates, Esq.

55 birds and 61 eggs from Foochow, S. China. Presented
by ©. B. Rickett, Esq.

65 birds from the Sulu Islands, including types of four new
‚ species, and nine new to the Museum. Collected by A. H.
Everett, Esaq.

173 birds from N.W. Borneo. Received in exchange from
A. H. Everett, Esg.

171 specimens from the island of Palawan. Presented by
A. H. Everett, Esaq.

A specimen of the Seychelles Tufted Owl (Gymnoscops
insularis). Presented by Chevalier Brooks.

A pair of the Flightless Duck of the Auckland Islands
(Nesonetta aucklandica) ; a pair of Mantell’s Apteryx (A. mantelli)
from North Island, N.Z.; and a pair of the Emperor of
Germany’s Bird of Paradise (Trichoparadisea gulielmi) from the
Finisterre Mts., New Guinea. Presented by the Hon. Walter
Rothschild, D.Se., M.P.

496 skins of Gulls (Laride) from Mr. Howard Saunders’s
collection.

15 specimens from Central Asia. Presented by St. George
Littledale, Esgq.

124 birds from Kashmir and the Salt Range. Presented by
Dr. J. Aitchison.

86 specimens from the Shan States. Presented by E. W.
Oates, Esq.

60 bones of birds from the Chatham Islands, including those
of Aphanapteryx and other extinct species, with types of seven
new species. Collected by Dr, H. O. Forbes,

Birds. at

67 birds from Ecuador. Presented by W.H.D. Haggard, Esq.

63 birds from China. Presented by F. W. Styan, Esq.

669 specimens of Phalacrocoracidsee (Cormorants), Anatids
(Ducks), Aceipitres (birds of prey), Striges (Owls), and Crows
(Corvidze), ete., being the twenty-fifth and twenty-sixth instal-
ments of the Shelley collection.

1895.

Specimens presented, 2687 ; purchased, 7856; received in
exchange, 18. Total 10,561.

Of special interest are :—

2 Little Auks (Alle alle) found dead at Sandringham.
Presented by H.R.H. the Prince of Wales (King Edward VII.).

247 birds and eggs, from Madeira, Porto Santo, and the
Salvage Islands. Presented by the Hon. Cecil Baring, and
W.R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esaq.

46 Petrels (Procellariformes) and Gulls (Lariformes). Pre-
sented by Henry Seebohm, Esgq.

924 birds with nests and eggs from Rio de Janeiro.
Presented by Alexander Fry, Esq.

3124 specimens of African birds, being the twenty-seventh to
the thirty-fifth instalment of the Shelley Collection of African
Birds.

23 types of new species of birds discovered during his expe-
dition to Lake Rudolf. Presented by Dr. A. Donaldson Smith.

179 birds from Somali Land, including nine types and twelve
species new to the Museum, collected by E. Lort Phillips, Esq.

71 birdsand eggs from Aden. Presented by Colonel Yerbury.

4426 birds from Assam and Manipur, including many types
and species new to the Museum, collected by Colonel H. H.
Godwin-Austen, F.R.S.

104 birds from the Philippine Islands, the Sulu Archipelago,
and Mt. Kina Balu in N.W. Borneo, collected by A. H.
Everett, Esaq.

22 birds from the islands of Luzon and Mindoro, in the
Philippine Archipelago, colleeted by A. H. Everett, Esq.

58 birds from New Zealand. Presented by Sir Samuel
Scott, Bart.

175 birds from the Hawaiian Archipelago, including twenty-
Six species new to the Museum, collected by R. ©. L. Perkins,
Esq. Presented by the Joint Committees of the Royal Society
and the British Association.

278 Zoologyy.

178 birds from the Rio Pilcomayo, collected by J. Graham
Kerr, Esq. Presented by Capt. Juan Page.

13 birds, including nine species new to the colleetion. Re-
ceived in exchange from the Hon. Walter Rothschild, Ph.D., M.P,

64 birds and eggs from Fao, Persian Gulf, collected by W.
D. Cumming, Esq.

19 birds from the Solomon Islands, including types of four
new species. Presented by Dr. E. P. Ramsay, Director of the

L
Australian Museum,
109 eggs of Cuckoo, with sets of the eggs of the

parents, and the nests, From the collection of Leopold
Field, Esq.

1896.

Specimens presented, 19,604 ; purchased, 2210 ; received in
exchange, 56. Total, 21,900.

The most important additions were :—

The Seebohm bequest of 16,950 skins and skeletons of birds,
being the remainder of the collection formed by the late Henry
Seebohm, Esq. During the preceding years, Mr. Seebohm had
presented to the Museum his collection of eggs and many of his
birds for the purpose of aiding the preparation of the ‘ Catalogue
of Birds’ and the ‘ Catalogue of Eggs.’

420 birds from the Savana of British Guiana. Presented by
F. V. MeConnell, Esq., and J. J. Quelch, Esq.

35 birds from Mashona Land. Presented by Guy A. K.
Marshall, Esq.

77 birds from South Australia. Presented by H. Munt, Esg.

1650 specimens from the Steere expedition to the Philippines,
including 44 types and 15 species new to the Museum, collected
by Professor J. B. Steere.

97 mounted Humming Birds. Presented by the Hon. Walter
Rothschild.

66 specimens from Zulu Land, collected by Messrs. R. B. and
J. D. S. Woodward.

104 birds, chiefly from Celebes, collected by A. H. Everett,
Esg.

32 birds from Machakos, British East Africa, collected by
Dr. S. J. Hinde. B

20 birds from Matabele Land. Presented by F. ©. Selous, Esq.

1807 birds from the Palsarctic Region, from the collection of
the late Edward Hargitt, Esq., R.I.

Birds. 2.09

53 birds from Aden and Somali Land. Received in exchange
from Uapt. Nurse.

41 birds from Luzon, Philippine Islands, including eighteen
species new to the Museum, collected by John Whitehead, Esq.

45 birds from Andros Island, Bahamas. Presented by
Neville Chamberlain, Esq.

66 specimens of Eider Ducks (Somateria mollissima) and Black
Guillemots (Uria grylle) from the neighbourhood of Christian-
sund, N. Norway: illustrating the various moults and changes of
plumage. Collected by Nikolai Hanson.

72 birds from Nyasa Land, ineluding the types of three
new species. Presented by Sir Harry H. Johnston, K.C.B,.,
G.C.M.G.

37 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe,
K.C.M.G.

49 specimens from the Marianne Islands, including nine
species new to the collection. Received in exchange from the
Hon. Walter Rothschild, D.Se., M.P.

98 birds from Somali Land, and 31 from Persia. Collected
and presented by F. Gillett, Esq.

1897.

Specimens presented, 6293; purchased, 6359 ; received in
exchange, 131. Total, 12,783.

The following were of special interest :—

972 birds. Presented by Dr. F. D. Godman, F.R.S., and
Ösbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.

3045 birds from Gilgit in High Kashmir, Kashgar, Yarkand,
ete. This collection, formed by Colonel John Biddulph and pre-
sented by him to the Museum, contained also a fine series of
skins of Finches (Fringillide).

28 birds from the Southern Shan States. Presented by
Colonel G. Rippon.

81 birds from the Sandwich Islands, collected by R. C. L.
Perkins, Esq. Presented by the Joint Committees of the Royal
Society and the British Association.

17 specimens from the Cape Verde Islands, including the
types of two new species. Presented by Boyd Alexander, Esq.

47 birds from Foochow. Presented by C. B. Rickett, Esq.,
and J. D. La Touche, Esq.

25 Geese and Ducks from Walcheren, Holland. Presented
by T. M. Pike, Esq., and H. L. Popham, Esq.

280 Zoology.

34 birds and eggs from Spitzbergen. Presented by A. Trevor-
Battye, Esq.

614 specimens from the Philippine Islands, including 67
types and 68 species new to the Museum; collected by John
Whitehead, Esq. Presented by the subscribers to the Whitehead
expedition.

428 birds from Northern Nyasa Land, collected by Mr.
Alexander White. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, K.C.M.G.

61 birds from the islands off Lower California. Presented by
A. W. Anthony, Esq.

10 types of new species from Equatorial Africa. Presented
by F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G.

224 specimens from Argentina, colletted by A. N. Hol-
land, Esg.

36 birds from Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, collected by
Dr. ©. W. Andrews. Presented by Sir John Murray, K.C.B.

14 specimens, ineluding seven species new to the collection.
Received in exchange from the Hon. Walter Rothschild,
Ph.D., M.P.

116 specimens from the islands of Luzon, Philippine Archi-
pelago, collected by John Whitehead, Esaq.

157 specimens, mostliy Humming Birds, from Ecuador. Pre-
sented by L. Söderström, Esq.

111 birds from the neighbourhood of Christiansund, N.
Norway, collected by Nikolai Hanson.

26 specimens from S.E. New Guinea, including nine species
new to the Museum, collected by Dr. L. Loria.

72 birds from the neighbourhoed of Bangkok, collected by
Capt. Stanley Flower. Received in exchange from the Royal
Siamese Museum.

218 birds from Uruguay, collected by ©. V. Aplin, Esa.

136 birds from the islands of Savu and Lombok, collected by
A. H. Everett, Esg.

135 birds from Northern Celebes, collected by Dr. Charles
Hose.

72 eggs of Philippine birds, collected by John Whitehead, Esq.

42 specimens from New Zealand and the neighbouring islands.
Received in exchange from the Otago Museum.

5479 specimens of Palzarctie birds and the collection of
Woodpeckers formed by the late Edward Hargitt, Esq., R.I.

Birds. 281

1898.

Specimens presented, 4130 ; purchased, 2227 ; received in
exchange, 485. Total, 6842.

Of special interest were the following :—

678 eggs of Chilian birds. Bequeathed by the late H.
Berkeley James, Esq.

1344 birds from various parts of the Indian Empire. Pre-
sented by Dr. W. T. Blanford, F.R.S.

186 birds from Somali Land and South Arabia, including
seven types and nine species new to the Museum. Presented by
R. MeD. Hawker, Esa.

232 birds from Bering Sea. Presented by Capt. G. E.H.
Barrett-Hamilton.

40 specimens of Larks (Alaudid) and other rare species from
Morocco and Tunis. Presented by J. I. S. Whitaker, Esq.

116 birds from N.W. Foh-Kien, China, including the types
of seven new species. Presented by ©. B. Rickett, Esq., and J.
D. La Touche, Esq.

77 skeletons and birds in spirit. Presented by Dan Meinertz-
hagen, Esq.

Types of two new Pigeons from Alligator River, N.W.
Australia. Received in exchange from the Christiania Museum.

26 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by General Manning.

42 birds from Somali Land. Presented by J. Benet
Stanford, Esq.

14 birds and eggs from New Zealand. Presented by Capt
R. Snow.

75 birds from Muscat. Presented by Surgeon-Colonel
Jayakar.

64 eggs of Gulls and Ducks from the Smölen Islands, N.
Norway. Presented by Dr. Bowdler Sharpe.

61 birds from Somali Land and the Lake Rudolf district.
Presented by Lord Delamere.

118 birds from British Guiana. Presented by F. M.
McConnell, Esgq., and J. J. Quelch, Esg.

72 birds from N.W. Borneo, colleeted by J. B. Bell, Esq.

A nest with eggs of Prince Albert’s Rifle-Bird (Oraspedophora
alberti). Received in exchange from D. Le Souef, Esgq.

93 birds from the Louisiade Archipelago, collected by
Albert S. Meek, Esq.

66 birds from Mashona Land, collected by J. L. Sowerby, Esq.

282 Zoology.

21 birds from Mount Albert Edward, British New Guinea,
containing several species new to the collection. Purchased. ß

33 birds from Franz Josef Land, collected during the
Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition. Presented by Capt. F. G.
Jackson.

74 birds from the Khin-gan Mountains, Mongolia. Presented
by Dr. D. Donaldson Smith, J. E. Farnum, Esq., and G. L.
Farnum, Esq. R

53 birds from Mozambique, including the type of a new
species. Presented by H. S. H. Cavendish, Esaq. =

28 birds from New Guinea, including 5 species new to the
collection. Received in exchange from the Hon. Walter
Rothschild, Ph.D., M.P.

238 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred
Sharpe, K.C.M.G.

95 birds from Machakos, British East Africa. Presented by
S. L. Hinde, Esq.

18 birds from Central Australia, obtained during the Horn
“ Expedition. Presented by W. A. Horn, Esq.

565 eggs from Argentina, colleeted by A. H. Holland, Esaq.

76 specimens from the Philippine Islands, colleeted by John
Whitehead, Esq. b.

348 birds and eggs from the Lesser Sunda Islands and North +
Western Borneo. Collected by A. H. Everett, Esq. |

257 birds from Somali Land, including 7 types and 8 species |
new to the Museum. Collected by E. Lort Phillips, Esq. r
443 birds from Canada. Received in exchange from J. H.
Fleming, Esq. hi

65 birds from Christiansund, N. Norway. Colleeted by
Nikolai Hanson.

1899.

Specimens presented 13,290; purchased 2018 ; received in

exchange, 121. Total 15,429.
Of special interest are :—

9802 specimens of Mexican birds. Presented by Dr. F. D.
Godman, F.R.S., and Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.

1192 birds from Southern China. Presented by C. B.
Rickett, Esq.

174 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by General

Mannıing.

U et a

40 birds from Ascension Island and Diego Garcia. Presented
by Dr. Frank Penrose.

Birds. 283

114 birds, 6 nests, and 11 eggs from the Chilian Andes.
Presented by E. A. Fitzgerald, Esq.

242 birds from Argentina and Patagonia. Presented by
Dr. F. Moreno.

146 birds from Australia and Canada. Presented by Capt.

G. E. Shelley.

30 birds from Muscat. Presented by Surgeon-Colonel
Jayakar.

9 birds, 29 eggs, and 76 nests from China. Presented by

J. D. La Touche, Esq.

16 birds from the Transvaal. Presented by F. C. Selous,
Esq.

18 birds from Yarkand. Presented by Capt. P. Deasy.

27 birds and eggs from Nigeria. Presented by Dr. Cuthbert
Christy.

209 birds and 12 eggs from the Islands of Sokotra and
Abd-el-Kuri, including the types of 8 new species, collected by
W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq., and Dr. H. O. Forbes. Presented
by the Royal Society.

100 birds from various parts of Italy. Presented by Count
E. Arrigoni degli Oddi.

20 birds from Bolivia. Presented by Count H. von
Berlepsch.

63 birds and 16 eggs of birds from the Smölen Islands, North
Norway. Presented by Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe.

8 types of new species from Uganda. Presented by F. J.
Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G.

664 birds and 53 eggs from the Galapagos Archipelago,
collected by the Webster-Harris Expedition.

18 birds from Coruna, Spain. Presented by Dr. Lopez
Seoane.

103 birds from Canada. Received in exchange from J. H.
Fleming, Esg.

21 birds from the island of Basilan, Philippine Archipelago.
Collected by Mr. J. Waterstradt.

177 skins and specimens in spirit from Liberia, collected by
A. Demery. Purchased of Mr. G. A. Frank.

55 birds from the Hinterland of the Gold Coast. Presented
by the late Colonel H. P. Northeott.

23 birds from Bolivia. Presented by Sir Martin Conway.

41 birds from Mount Moari, New Guinea. Collected by Mr.
Dumas.

254 Zoology.

4 specimens of a new species of Bunting (Zonotrichia mae-
connelli), from Mount Roraima, British Guinea. Presented by
F. V. MeConnell, Esq.

77 birds from the Louisiade Archipelago. Collected by Mr.
A.S. Meek.

45 birds from Cape York. Collected by Mr. A. S. Meek.

90 birds from Ecuador and Puna Island. Collected by the
late Mr. Perry OÖ. Simons.

1900.

Specimens presented, 4629; purchased, 1209; received in
exchange, 609. Total, 6447.

The principal accessions were :—

953 birds from the Shan States, including the types of seven
new species. Presented by Colonel G. Rippon.

90 birds from Equatorial Africa. Presented by Dr. A.
Donaldson Smith.

121 birds from the New Hebrides, including the types of
twelve new species. Presented by Captain A. M. Farquhar, R.N.

87 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe, |

KICHB.

1360 birds from Southern China. Presented by ©. B.
Rickett, Esq.

307 birds collected by the late J. S. Jameson, Esq., in
Mashona Land and the Upper Congo. Presented by Mrs.
Jameson.

18 birds from Hainan, including three types of species new to
the Museum, collected by the late John Whitehead. Presented
by J. T. Thomasson, Esq.

222 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by General
Manning.

149 birds from Sarawak, collected by Dr. Charles Hose.

7 types of new species from Equatorial Africa. Presented by
F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G.

95 birds from the Zambesi River. Presented by Boyd
Alexander, Esq.

213 birds and 40 nests and eggs from Sarawak. Presented
by Dr. Charles Hose.

23 specimens of rare species of Birds of Paradise and other
valuable birds from British New Guinea. Presented by Sir R. G.
Le Hunte, K.C.M.G.

Mr A Zu

> re 2 2 a Te ra

Birds. 285

215 birds and 14 eggs from Australia. Presented by Donald
Melntosh, Esg.

82 birds from the Zeraf River. Presented by Surgeon-
Captain H. N. Dunn.

35 birds from North Queensland. Presented by Herbert C.
Robinson, Esq.

568 eggs of North American birds. Received in exchange
from the Princeton University Museum, N.J.

12 birds, including six species new to the Museum, collected
by Heinrich Kühn.

190 birds from Yun-nan and South Western China, including
the types of three new species. Presented by Captain A. W.S.
Wingate.

417 birds from Southern Abyssinia, including the types of
sixteen new species and examples of ten other species new to the
Museum. Presented by H. Weld-Blundell, Esq., and Lord
Lovat.

64 birds from Shen-si, North China. Collected by Father
Hugh.

243 birds from South Arabia. Collected during the Percival-
Dodson expedition.

22 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by Captain
Stanley S. Flower.

200 birds from Ecuador and Peru. Collected by Perry O.
Simons, Esq.

1364 birds from South China. Presented by ©. B. Rickett,
Esq.

307 birds from Mashona Land and the Aruwhimi River,
Upper Congo, collected by the late J. S. Jameson, Esq. Presented
by Mrs. Jameson.

53 birds from Northern New Guinea, collected by J. M.
Dumas.

144 birds and eggs from the island of Hainan. Collected by
the late John Whitehead.

85 birds from Mount Kenya, collected during the Mackinder
expedition to British East Africa, including the types of four new
species.

A colleetion of mummified birds from Egypt. Presented by
the Committee of the Egyptian Exploration Fund.

41 birds from British New Guinea, collected by A. S. Meek.

45 birds from Morotai Island, collected by A. H. Everett,
Esq.

286 Zoology.

102 birds from Mashona Land, colleeted by Mr. Edward
Clarke. :
32 birds from the French Congo, collected by G. L. Bates,
Esq.

33 birds and 37 eggs from the Rio Ruo, Zambesia ; colleeted
by A. Blayney Percival, Eso.

45 birds from the island of Obi Major in the Moluccas,
collected by Mr. W. Lucas.

11 birds from the island of Buru, collected by A. H. Everett,
Esaq.

1901.

Specimens presented, 17,595 ; purchased, 1165; received in
exchange, 298. Total, 19,358.

Some of the most important accessions were the following :—

52 birds from Somali Land. . Presented by H. H. the Gaekwar
of Baroda.

15,150 eggs, bequeathed by the late Philip Crowley, Esg.

150 birds, 660 eggs, and 20 nests of birds, from Fohkien,
South China. Presented by ©. B. Rickett, Esg.

122 birds and 64 eggs, collected during the Southern Cross
expeldlition to the Antarctie seas by Nikolai Hanson. Presented
by Sir George Newnes, Bart.

33 birds from the Persian Gulf. Presented by ©. T. Ffinch,
Esq.

970 birds from the interior of British East Africa. Presented
by Lord Delamere.

100 birds from Equatorial Africa. Presented by Dr. A.
Donaldson Smith.

59 birds from the Lawas River, N.W. Borneo, collected by
the late J. S. Jameson. Presented by Mrs. Jameson.

100 birds from Somali Land. Presented by Dr. Donaldson
Smith.

226 birds, nests, and eggs from Victoria. Presented by the
Government of Victoria.

47 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by General Manning.

4] birds from Somali Land. Presented by Colonel’ J. J.
Harrison.

107 birds from Queensland. Presented by Herbert ©. Robin-
son, Esq.

103 birds from San Paulo, Brazil, collected by Mr. A. Robert.

Presented by Sir William Ingram, Bart.

Birds. 287

54 birds from the Shan States, Burma. Presented by Colonel
+. Rippon.

81 birds from Deelfontein, Cape Colony, collected by E.
eimund. Presented by Colonel A. T. Sloggett, C.M.G.

4 types of new species from Equatorial Africa. Presented by
‘. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G.

179 birds from British East Africa, including 4 types of new
pecies and 6 other species new to the Museum. Presented by
ir Harry Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B.

67 birds from New Zealand and the adjacent islands, including
he type of a new Cormorant. Presented by the Earl of Ranfurly,
sovernor of New Zealand.

294 birds and 76 eggs from the White Nile. Presented by
t. MeD. Hawker, Esg.

37 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by H. F.
Vitherby, Esq.

52 birds from North China. Presented by C. W. Campbell,
üsq.

66 birds from the Egyptian Sudan, including 3 species new
o the Museum. Presented by the Hon. N. Charles Rothschild
nd A. F. R. Wollaston, Esaq.

89 birds from the Camaroons, W. Africa, including 6 species
iew to the Museum and the types of 5 new species. Üollected
y G. L. Bates, Esq.

48 birds from Batchian Island, Moluccas, collected by Mr.
deinrich Kühn.

211 birds from Ecuador and Peru, collected by Perry O.
Simons.

47 birds and 78 nests and eggs from S.E. New Guinea,
ollected by Mr. Weiske, containing 23 species new to the
Museum, with types of 9 new species.

529 specimens of Paridz, being the collection of Tits formed
)y Professor M. Menzbier.

41 birds from the Solomon Islands, collected by A. S. Meek.

1902.

Speeimens presented, 4812; purchased, 3356; received in
»xchange, 460. Total, 8628.

The most important accessions were :—

2220 eggs of Pal®arctice and Nearctic birds. Presented by
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esaq.

866)
[0 0]
an

Zoology.

17 types of new species from Ruwenzori and Toro. Presented
by F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G.

617 birds from Western Yun-nan. Presented by Colonel G.
Rippon.

58 birds from New Zealand and the adjacent islands. Pre-
sented by the Earl of Ranfurly.

212 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred
Sharpe, K.C.B.

485 birds and 158 eggs from Foh-kien, South China, Pre-
sented by ©. B. Rickett, Esq.

385 birds from Somali Land and Southern Abyssinia, in-
eluding the types of three new species. Presented by Sir Alfred
E. Pease, Bart.

402 birds from the Upper Nile. Presented by R. McD.
Hawker, Esg.

68 birds from S.E. New Guinea. Presented by H.E. Capt.
F. R. Barton, Governor of British New Guinea.

2300 birds from Peru and Bolivia, collected by the late Mr
Perry O. Simons.

231 birds from the Camaroons, collected by G. L. Bates,
Esa.

160 birds from the frontier of Yemen, S. Arabia, collected by
G. W. Bury, Esg.

32 birds of prey from Western Australia. Presented by the
West Australian Museum, Perth.

407 eggs of North American birds. Received in exchange
from the Princeton University Museum, N.J.

31 birds from the Aruwhimi River, Upper Congo, collected
by Capt. Guy Burrows.

71 birds from Ecuador and Colombia, collected by Messrs.
Miketta and Flemming.

48 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by R. MeD.
Hawker, Esog.

48 birds from Mashona Land. Presented by J. Ffolliot
Darling, Esog.

16 birds from Bosnia. Presented by Dr. Othmar Reiser.

20 birds from the Liu Kiu Islands. Presented by the Hon.
N. Charles Rothschild.

20 birds from Shensi Province, N. China, colle cieg Father
Hugh.

43 birds from Surinam. Presented by F. P. and A. P.
Penard, Esqrs.

Birds. 289

15 Pheasants from Burma, including the type of G@ennzus
nisbetti. Presented by Capt. W. G. Nisbett.

59 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by Surgeon-
Capt. H. N. Dunn.

91 birds from Cyprus, collected by Mr. C. Glazner.

60 birds from the Caucasus, collected by Mr. Schultze.

1903.

Specimens presented, 5583 ; purchased, 3693. Total, 9576.

The most important accessions were as follows :—

973 birds, skeletons, eggs, and nests from Deelfontein, Cape
Colony. Presented by Colonel A. P. Sloggett, C.M.G.

260 birds from the islands of the South Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans, colleected by Mr. M. J. Nicoll during the voyage of the
R.Y.S. Valhalla. Presented by the Earl of Crawford, K.T., F.R.S.

35l eggs from various localities. Presented by W. Radcliffe
Saunders, Esq.

75 birds, 16 eggs, and 3 nests from the Sudan. Presented by
Surgeon-Capt. H. N. Dunn.

351 eggs from North Queensland. Presented by W. Radcliffe
Saunders, Esq.

457 birds from Namaqua Land, collected by Mr. H.C. B.
Grant. Presented by ©. D. Rudd, Esaq.

64 birds and eggs from Uganda. Presented by Dr. Cuthbert
Christy.

260 birds and nests from British East Africa. Presented by
A. Blayney Perceval, Esg.

31 birds from the Sudan. Presented by R. McD.
Hawker, Esg.

582 birds from Western Yunnan. Presented by Colonel
George Rippon.

72 birds from Sierra Leone. Presented by Robin
Kemp, Esag.

34 birds from Central Asia. Presented by Capt. H.H.P.
Deasy.

22 birds from Fernando Po, including 15 species new to the
collection. Presented by Lieut. Boyd Alexander.

286 birds from North Niasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred
Sharpe, C.B., K.C.M.G.

61 birds, 40 eggs, and 5 nests from Southern Persia.
Presented by H. F. Witherby, Esq.

VOL. II. U

290 Zoology.

96 birds from New Zealand and the adjacent islands.
Presented by the Earl of Ranfur]y.

989 birds from Foh-Kien, South China. Presented by
C. B. Rickett, Esq.

114 birds from Buenos Aires. Presented by Ernest
Gibson, Esa.

46 eggs and 2 nests from the Azores, collected by W.R.
Ogilvie-Grant, Esq. Presented by the Hon. Walter Rothschild,
Ph.D. ,.MiB

80 birds from British New Guinea. Presented by
H.E. Capt. F. R. Barton, Governor of British New Guinea.

116 birds from Upper Burma. Presented by Capt. A. Mears.

443 birds and 192 skeletons from Matogrosso,, collected by
Mr. A. Robert. Presented by Mrs. Percy Sladen.

245 birds from South Arabia, collected by Mr. G. W. Bury.

466 birds from Abyssinia, collected by Mr. E. Degen.

420 birds from Patagonia, collected by Mr. J. Koslowsky.

275 birds from Pernambuco, etc., collected by Mr. A. Robert.

254 birds from Paraguay, collected by Mr. W. T. Foster.

25 birds from the Persian Gulf. Presented by W. D.
Cumming, Esaq.

56 from Batchian and the Obi Islands, Moluccas, eollected by
Mr. J. Waterstradt.

29 birds from Cyprus, collected by Mr. A. Glazner.

102 birds from Cyprus, collected by Miss Dorothea
M. A. Bate.

302 birds from the Camaroons, West Africa, collected by
G. L. Bates, Esaq.

130 eggs of birds from North Cachar, collected by E. C,
Stuart Baker, Esq., and Dr. Coltart.

420 birds and eggs from the Southern Shan States, collected
by H. N. Thompson, and W. H. Craddock, Esqrs.

1904.

Specimens presented, 14,880 ; purchased, 3005 ; received in
exchange, 18. Total, 17,903.

The following are of especial interest and value :—

9948 eggs and 165 nests of Pal®arctic birds. Presented by
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.

34 birds and 5l eggs from Darjiling. Presented by B. B.
Osmaston, Esq.

Birds. 291

333 birds from the Chindwin River in Upper Burma.
Presented by Captain A. Mears.

498 birds from the interior of the Malay Peninsula, collected
3y Mr. H.C. Robinson. Presented by the Royal Society and
;he Universities of Edinburgh and Liverpool.

154 eggs from the province of Foh-kien in Southern China.
Presented by ©. B. Rickett, Esq.

59 birds from Victoria. Prssented by the Government of
Victoria.

45 birds from Entebbe, Uganda. Presented by J. F.
Junninghame, Esq.

60 birds from the Atlas Mountains in Morocco, with types
ff three new species. Presented by E. G. B. Meade-Waldo, Esgq.

43 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented by the Hon.
N. Charles Rothschild.

316 birds from the Azores, collected by W. R. Ogilvie-Grant,
Esq. Presented by the Hon. Walter Rothschild, Ph.D., M.P.

402 birds and skeletons, nests and eggs, from Fernando Po,
;ollected by Mr. E. Seimund. Presented by Mrs. Percy Sladen,
H.G. the Duke of Bedford, K.G., and the Hon. Walter Roth-
schild, Ph.D., M.P.

65 birds from the Vaal River, collected by R. B. Woos-
nam, Eisq.

630 birds from the Baro River, collected by Mr. P. Zaphiro.
Presented by W. N. Macmillan, Esq.

442 skins and skeletons of birds from Uganda, collected
luring the Anglo-German Boundary Commission. Presented by
Solonel ©. Delm£-Radcliffe.

11 types of species from British East Africa and the Ruwenzori
Mountains. Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., C.M.G.

41 birds from British East Africa. Presented by Surgeon-
Capt. R. E. Drake-Brockman.

592 birds from British East Africa and Uganda, colleeted by
F. J. Jackson, Esq., ©.B., C.M.G.

102 birds from British East Africa and from Florida.
Presented by C. B. Storey, Esq.

483 birds from the West Indies and Venezuela, collected by
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe. Presented by Sir Frederic Johnstone,
Bart., and Laura, Countess of Wilton.

87 eggs from Scotland, St. Kilda, ete.. Presented by J. Steel
Elliot, Esq.

427 birds and eggs from Bechuana Land and the Orange

u2

292 Zoology.

River Colony, collected by R. B. Woosnam, Esq., and R. E.
Dent, Esq.

44 birds from China. Presented by Charles Nix, Esaq.

ll birds from New Zealand, the Kermadecs and other
islands in the New Zealand Seas. Presented by the Earl of
Ranfurly.

472 birds from the Azores, West Indian Islands and Florida,
collected by Mr. M. J. Nicoll during the voyage of the R.Y.S.
Valhalla. Presented by the Earl of Crawford, K.T., F.R.S.

28 birds from Alaska. Presented by Capt. ©. E. Radecliffe.

122 eggs of Costa-Rican birds, collected by Mr. C. F.
Underwood.

745 nestsand eggs from Paraguay, collected by Mr. W. Foster.

472 birds from Sierra Leone, collected by Robin Kemp, Esq.

83 birds from Batchian and the S.W. Islands in the
Moluccas, collected by Mr. Heinrich Kühn.

116 birds from S. New Guinea and the Solomon Islands,
collected by Mr. A. S. Meek.

61 birds from the islands of Mindanao and Waigiou, collected
by Mr. John Waterstradt.

627 birds from the Camaroons, collected by G. L. Bates, Esq.

1905.

Specimens

322 birds from Japan, collected by Mr. M. P. Anderson.
Presented by H.G. the Duke of Bedford, K.G.

4 types of species from Equatorial Africa, viz. Apalis ruwen-
zori, Sylviella toruensis, Megabias sequatorialis, Batis diops.
Presented by F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B., ©.M.G.

46 birds from the West Indie. Presented by D. A.
Bannerman, Esgq.

162 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented by Sir Alfred
Sharpe, K.C.B.

265 birds from the Camaroons, W. Africa, collected by
G. L. Bates, Esq. Purchased.

Includes the types of Smithornis camerunensis, Chloropeta batesi.

52 birds from N.W. Australia. Presented by Dr. Bernard
Woodward, Director of the West Australian Museum, Perth,
W.A. Several species new to the collection.

18 Pheasants from Upper Burma. Received in exchange
from the Bombay Natural History Society.

Birds. 293

49 birds from Colorado. Received in exchange from
W. Cross, Esq.

43 birds from the Azores. Presented by Major Chaves,
Director of the Ponta Delgada Museum, Azores.

745 birds from Argentina, Matto Grosso, Bolivia, etc.
From Dr. P. L. Sclater’s collection.

498 birds from the Mountains of the Malay Peninsula,
collected by Mr. H.C©. Robinson and Mr. Annandale. Presented
by the Royal Society and the Universities of Edinburgh and
Liverpool.

41 birds from the Kermadec Islands, the Snares and
Macquarie Islands. Presented by the Earl of Ranfurly.

45 birds from Equatorial Africa. Presented by J. J.
Harrison, Esq.

30 birds from Chile. Purchased of D. S. Bullock, Esq.

98 eggs of Australian birds. Presented by A. J. North, Esq.

22 birds from Egypt. Presented by L. Loat, Esq.

60 British birds. Presented by W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esg.

1297 birds from Egypt and other countries bordering the
Mediterranean, as well as Central America and the West Indies.
Bequeathed by the late Edward Cavendish-Taylor.

61 birds from the Camaroons. Üollected by G. L. Bates, Esq.

22 birds and 1 nest from California, collected by J. W.
Maillard. Presented by Miss Nixon.

14 birds from the Transvaal. Presented by Sir A. E. Pease,
Bart.

277 birds from the Kauri Kachin district, Upper Burma.
Presented by Colonel G. Rippon.

72 birds from Karakol, Tian Shan Mts., collected by A. A.
Kutzenko. Presented by A. B. Bayley Worthington, Esq.

47 nests and eggs of Costa Rican birds, collected by Mr. C. J.
Underwood.

1162 birds from Mt. Vietoria, Chin Hills, Burma, including
ll types of the new species. Presented by Col. Rippon.

427 eggs of birds from Equatorial Africa. Purchased.

208 birds from the Chindwin Valley, Upper Burma. Pre-
sented by Capt. A. Mears.

88 birds from the Syrian Desert, containing the type of
Emberiza eitriniventris. Collected by Douglas Carruthers, Esq.

906 birds and 745 eggs from Paraguay, collected by
William Foster, Esaq.

63 birds from Jamaica. Presented by D. A. Bannerman, Fisq.

294 Zooloqy.

954 mounted birds. Presented by Lord Tweedmouth.

232 birds from Benguela, collected by Dr. W. J. Ansorge.

236 birds from Mindanao, collected by Walter Goodfellow.

450 birds from Somali Land, collected by G. W. Bury.

3 nestling Geese and a nestling Swan. Presented by F. E,
Blaauw, Esg.

450 birds from the Canary Islands and other localities.
Presented by E. G. B. Meade-Waldo, Esq.

1000 birds from Southern China. Presented by C. B.
Rickett, Esq.

430 birds from the Baro and Sobat Rivers and the White
Nile, collected by Mr. Zaphiro. Presented by W. N. Macmillan,
Esq.

200 birds from the Upper Chindwin River, Burma. Pre-
sented by Capt. A. Mears.

374 birds from S.W. Australia, collected by G. C. Shortridge.
Presented by W. E. Balston, Esq.

396 birds and eggs from Persia, collected by R. B. Woosnam.
Presented by Colonel R. C. Bailward.

328 birds from Sikhim and Tibet. Presented by Capt. H. J.
Walton. [1905. 12. 31, 1-328.]

248 birds and eggs from the Antarctic, Auckland Islands,
Macquarie Island and S. Trinidad:>Island. Collected by the ship
Discovery during the National Antarctic Expedition.

32 birds, collected by the relief ship Morning during the
National Antaretic Expedition.

1952 birds from Cape Colony, Zulu Land and E. Transvaal,
collected by H. ©. B. Grant. Presented by ©. D. Rudd, Esq.

ÄLPHABETICAL LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL DONORS, COLLECTORS AND
ÄGENTS, FROM WHOM THE SPECIMENS OF BiRDS IN THE
Brırtıst MUSEUM HAVE BEEN RECEIVED.

Edward VII. (His Majesty, King).

A specimen of Reeve’s Pheasant from Norfolk. Presented. [90. 3.
16, 1.]

Two specimens of the Little Auk (Alle alle) picked up dead at
Sandringham. Presented. [95. 6. 12,1, 2.]

Abadie (Capt. G. FAnsHaweE), 0.M.@.

31 birds from Upper Nigeria. Presented. [1900. 8. 4, 1-31.]

Capt. Abadie was a son of General Abadie, himself a keen student of
Natural History. His official duties prevented Capt. Abadie from making
large collections, but this small series from the Nigerian Sudan was of
distinet interest, especially the eggs of the Östrich (Struthio camelus).
His early death in Upper Nigeria in 1901 can never be too much
regretted.

Abrahams (J.).

2 Weaver-finches (Munia ferruginea, var.), cage birds. Presented.
[1904. 5. 9, 1-2.]

Adams (Dr. A. Leıtn).

33 birds from “ N.E. Africa” (i.e. Egypt and Nubia). [64. 3. 30, 1-33.]

An active collector in the middle of the nineteenth century, and a
great friend of the late Sir William Jardine, to whom his early collections
were sent. He was a good observer, as is shown by his papers on the
birds of Kashmir and Ladak (P.Z.S., 1859, pp. 169-190, with a coloured
plate of Montifringilla adamsi), and especially by his short essay on the
birds noticed by him in Egypt and Nubia (“ Ibis,” 1864, pp. 233-243).

Adeane (Harry R. A.).

A specimen of Coceyzus americanus, shot on Colonsay Island, Argyll-
shire. Presented. [190#. 11. 28, 1.]

Admiralty, The Lords of the.

By the Admiralty have been presented the collections made by
various exploring expeditions fitted out by Great Britain. In recent
years the co-operation of the Royal Society has been sought, and many
eolleetions have been presented through the latter medium. The results
of the earlier Antarctic Expeditions seem to have reached the Museum
through the Admiralty, and the various collections are noticed under their
special headings.

[See Antaretic Expedition; Voyazes of H.M.SS. Alert and Discovery,
Challenger, Erebus and Terror, Flying Fish, Herald, Penguin, Plumper,
and Rattlesnake.]

Afghan Delimitation Commission.
See AITCHISON.

296 Zoology.

Aitchison (Dr. J. E. T.).

230 birds. Presented. [86. 9. 16, 1-230.]

This colleetion, formed in 1884-85 by Dr. Aitch'son, the naturalist
appointed to the Delimitation Commission, was fully described by me in
1889 (Trans. Linn. Soc., new series, Zoology, vol. v., part 3, pp. 66-93,
pls. vi., vii.), with notes on the habits and distribution of the birds by
Dr. Aitchison. Two new species, Gecinus gorei, Hargitt, and Passer
yatei, Sharpe, were described and figured, as was also a beautiful new
Pheasant (Phasianus principalis, Sclater).

Alert, H.M.S.
One of the exploring ships on Sir George Nares’ arctic voyage
(1875-1876).
See FEILDEN, H. W.

Alexander (Lieut. Boyp), Rifle Brigade.

17 specimens from the Cape Verde Islands. [97. 7. 30, 1-17.]

95 specimens from Zambesia. [1900. 5. 26, 1-95.]

22 specimens from Fernando Po. [1903. 2. 14, 1-22.]

One of the most energetic and capable traveller-naturalists of the
present day. His first expedition was to the Cape Verde Archipelago,
where he discovered some new species (see “Ibis,” 1898, pp. 74-114,
2717-85). He presented seventeen specimens to the Museum, adding to
our collection two species, Spizocorys raze and Pufinus edwardsi.
[97. 7. 30. 1-17.) He next made a large collection of birds on the
Zambesi ; this was described by him in the “ Ibis” for 1900 (pp. 71-109, _
424-458, pl. i.). On this occasion he presented 95 specimens to the
Museum. Passing through the Ashanti campaign, he did not neglect his
scientific pursuits when the fishting was over, and he made considerable
collections of birds in the forests and in the hinterland of the Gold Coast.
1100 skins of birds were obtained on this trip, and the collection was
described by him in the “Ibis” for 1902 (pp. 278-333, 335-377, pls.
vii.-ix.); and he has presented to the Museum 95 specimens from this
expedition. Obtaining leave from the War Office, he next visited the
Island of Fernando Po, and having organised a supply of native carriers
from the Gold Coast, he cut his way throush the virgin forests of the
island, and attained an altitude of 10,800 feet. The result of this plucky
achievement was the discovery of no less than 39 species of birds.
Lieut. Alexander has presented to the Museum 22 specimens from his last
expedition, adding thereby 17 species which were not before represented
in the National Collection.

Alexander (Sir J. E.).

22 birds from Damara Land. Presented. [38. 4. 16, 1, 89-110.]

Captain (alterwards Sir) James Edward Alexander was one of the early
pioneers of travel in Damara Land, and his journey is described in his
little work, “ An Expedition of Discovery into the interior of Africa”
(2 vols. 8vo., 1838). For this expedition he was knisghted (Dict. Nat.
Biogr. Suppl. vol. i. p. 31). The new species of birds were named by
Mr. G. R. Waterhouse, and consisted of a new Rock Thrush (Petrocinela
brevipes), a new Francolin (Francolinus adspersus), and a new furm of
Fiycatcher (Lanioturdus torquatus). The register is marked by Dr. J.
E. Gray as “ Purchased at Stevens’s Sale Rooms chiefiy from Captain
Alexander’s collection.” The above-mentioned types do not seem to have
been acquired, and doubtless went into the Zoological Society’s Museum.

Birds. 297

Anderson (A.).

Made valuable collections of birds in the N.W. Provinces of India.
After his death, the collections were purchased by Mr. Henry Seebohm,
who exchanged away a good many specimens, but a fair number were
contained in the Seebohm Bequest.

Anderson (Dr. Jonn).

200 birds collected during the Expedition through Burma towards
Yun-nan in 1867, 1875-6. [1876. 4. 7, 1-200.]

These collections were described by Dr. Anderson in his large work
(2 vols. 4to) entitled “ Anatomical and Zoological Researches, comprising
an Account of the Zoological Results of the two Expeditions to Western
Yun-nan in 1868 and 1875.” The first set of specimens went to the
Calcutta Museum, of which he was then Director, and the second set of
200 birds passed into the hands of the British Museum, which had up to
that time no extensive series from Burma: 13 species were new to the
collection, and there were three co-types of new species described by
Dr. Anderson.

Andersson (C. J.). [1827-1867.]

See BARTLETT, A. D.; SHARPE, R. BOwDLER; STEVENS, S.

Swedish naturalist, born in Wermeland in 1827. Joined Galton’s
expedition to Damara Land in 1850. His collections were sent to
Mr. A.’D. Bartlett, afterwards Superintendent of the Zoological Gardens,
but at that time a dealer in natural history objects. Many of the birds
obtained on this first expedition were dispersed before any catalogue of
them was made, and a portion of this collection was purchased by Mr.
G. A. Frank, the well-known dealer of Amsterdam; but about 100
specimens passed into the hands of Mr. H. E. Strickland, and are now in
the Cambridge Museum.

Dr. P. L. Sclater, who commenced his zoological career under the
agis of Strickland, joined the latter in a description of this remnant of
Andersson’s first consignment. A memoir, which was entitled a “List
of a Collection of Birds procured by C. J. Andersson in the Damara
country, with notes,” was published in Jardine’s “Contributions to
Ornithology ” for 1852, and the fullowing new species were described :—
Caprimulgus damarensis (=(. rufigena, Smith), ef. Hartert, Cat. xvii.
p- 532; Platystira albicauda (= Lanioturdus torquatus), cf. Sharpe, Cat.
iv. p. 237; Enneoctonus anderssoni (=L. collusio) Grant, Nov. Zool. ix.,
p. 484; Erythropygia galtoni (= Saxicola familiaris, Steph.), cf. Sharpe,
Handl. iv. p. 175; Drymeca flavida (= kuprinodes flavidus) ef. Sharpe,
Handl. iv. p. 224; Sphenzacus pyenopygius (= Chzxtops pyenopygius), «f.
Sharpe, Hanil. iv. p. 5; Spreo bispecularis (= Lamprocolius bispecularis),
cf. Sharpe, Cat. xiii. p. 181; Alauda erythrochlamys (= Ammomanes
erythrochlamys), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xiii. p. 648; Alauda spleniata (= Teph-
rocorys spleniata), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xiii. p. 563; Alauda nevia (= Mirafra
nzvia), cf. Sharpe, £.c. p. 617; Nectarinia anderssoni (= Cinnyris
leucogaster), cf. Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 39; Haleyın damarensis (= !.
chelicuti, Stanl.), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xvii. p. 239; Campotliera capricorni ;
Charadrius damarensis (= Octhodromus asiaticus), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xxiv.
p- 230; Charadrius palliaus (= Egialitis p«llida), ef. Sharpe, £.c. p. 284;
Fun balenırum (=Sterna balenarum), cf. Saunders, Cat. xxv.
PT.

Andersson made several expeditions to Damara Land, discovered
the Okavango River, and penetrated to Lake N’gami and the Cunene

298 Zoology.

River, making large collections of birds. He also obtained a con-
siderable number of specimens during his visits to Cape Town and in
the Knysna district. 'T’hese collectivns were sent to Mr. Stevens, the
celebrated London agent, and after his retirement to Mr. Hissins in
Bloomsbury Street. T'he late Mr. John Henry Gurney, who was a close
friend of Andersson’s for many years, editing and publishing the post-
humous “Birds of Damara Land” from the MSN. left by the traveller,
secured the majority of the Birds of Prey from the latter’s collections for
the Norwich Museum. The Wading-birds were in the same manner
purchased by Mr. J. Edmund Harting, who was working out the
Limicole, and possessed a fine collection of these birds, which was
alterwards acquired by the late Mr. Henry Seebohm. Andersson’s
specimens of Limicolz have, therefore, passed by the bequest of that
gentleman into the British Museum.

A few specimens were purchased from Andersson’s agents for the
Museum, and by myself before I entered the service of the Trustees.
The latter are duly recorded in the “Catalogue” of African Passeres in
my collection (1871), and are now in the Museum. Before Mr. Higgins
retired from business, to settle in Tasmania, he came across a considerable
collection of birds, from Andersson’s later travels, stowed away in a
box. These I purchased and presented to the Museum, which now
possesses a fairly complete series representing Andersson’s indefatigable
labours. In his later years he became a trader, and settled at Otjimbinque,
being ultimately wounded in a fight between the Namaquas and Damaras,
having espoused the cause of the latter, with whom he lived. His knee
was shattered by a bullet, and he was crippled ever afterwards, finally
succumbing from the effects of this wound and the terrible privations he‘
had undergone during his expeditions through the deserts of South West
Africa. I have named some species of birds after him, since his death,
but he is best known to omithologists by the wonderful Bird of Prey
called Andersson’s Pern, Macherhamphus anderssoni (Gurney), a night-
fiying bat-eating Hawk, the representative in Africa of a genus before
supposed to be confined to the Indian region and the Papuan sub-region.

Andrews (C. W.), D.Se., Assistant in the Department of Geology,
British Museum.

Dr. Andrews was sent by Sir John Murray, with the permission of the
Trustees, to study the natural history of Christmas Island in the Indian
Ocean. The results of his stay there and a full account of the collectious
made by him have been published by the Truste«s in the “ Monograph of
Christmas Island.”

[See MURRAY, Sir Jous.] [1898. 9. 16, 1-88; 1898. 9. 27, 1-18;
1899. 5. 1, 6-11.)

During his geological explorations in Egypt Dr. Andrews has found
time to colleet a few birds, sending 20 specimens from Helouan in 1902.
[1902. 10. 9, 1-20.]

Andrews (H. D.).
26 birds from Argentina. Presented. [1901. 2. 10, 1-26).

Annandale (Nerson) and Robinson (H. C.).
See -
Ansell (H. F.).

106 birds from Gaboon. [73. 9.10, 1-8; 73.12. 26, 1-11; 74. 2. 16,
1-28 ; 74. 2. 17, 1-11; 74. 2. 20, 1-24; 74. 9. 11, 1-13; 74. 10. 1, 214

Birds. 299

Mr. Ansell was a personal friend of my own, whom I requested to send
any specimens of birds he might be able to procure. He was a merchant
on the River Danger or Ozowe, in Gaboon, and was first introduced to me
by Mr. J. J. Monteiro. In the years 1873-1874 the Museum received
seven small consignments from him, comprising 106 specimens. He
managed to obtain several rare species, one being a remarkable Lark-
heeled Cuckoo (Centropus anselli, Sharpe), and an interesting Bush-Shrike
(Dryoscopus lühderi, Reichenow), which had been procured about the
same time by Dr. Lühder in the Camaroons, and described by Dr.
Reichenow a few weeks before my description of Dryoscopus ruficeps, of
which the type was sent by Mr. Ansell, appeared.

Ansorge (Dr. W. J.).

26 specimens from Uganda. Purchased. [96. 7. 14, 1-26.]

232 specimens from Benguela. Purchased. [1905. 11. 22, 1-232.]

Dr. Ansorge is an excellent naturalist, and his collections from Equa-
torial Africa and Angola are in the Hon. Walter Rothschild’s Museum at
Trng. He has sent some large collections from Benguela to the British
Museum. (See his book “ Under the African Sun,” 18 .)

Anstey (Lieut.).

33 birds from Kingwilliamstown, S. E. Africa. Presented. [77.8.1,
1-33.]

This was the only collection received from this gallant young oflcer,
who was associated with Major Trevelyan in his efforis to procure specimens
of natural history for the British Museum. A year after the receipt of the
above collection, Lieut. Anstey was killed at the battle of Isandhlwana.

Antarctie Expedition.
See ADMIRALTY (LORDS OF THE); ROYAL SocIETY.

The first collections were received through the Council of the Royal
Society.

78 specimens from Kerguelen Land. Presented by the Lords of the
Admiralty. [41. 4, 743-791.]

119 specimens from the Antarctic Ocean, New Zealand, Auckland
Islands, T’asmania, Campbell Island, St. Paul’s Rocks, etc. [42. 12. 16,
1-119.] Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. Several “duplicates ”
were “ returned,” presumably to Dr. McCormick.

224 specimens from the Falkland Islands, Antarctice pack-ice, New
Zealand, etc. Presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. [44. 1. 18,
1-218; 44. 3. 20, 1-6.]

No detailed memoir of the birds procured during the Antarectic
expedition of the Zrebus and Terror was published at the time of
its return, but many species were mentioned in the early Museum
Catalogues. Sir Joseph Hooker was naturalist to the expedition, and the
doetors on board the two ships were also good collectors and observers,
viz., Dr. McCormick, Dr. Robertson, and Dr. Lyall. Dr. McCormick’s
excellent notes appeared in Gould’s “Birds of Australia” and “ Haud-
book”; and shortly before his death, which only took place a few years
ago, the old veteran, who had accompanied Ross on both his Polar
voyages, wrote his memoirs.*

The “Zool:gy of the Voyaze of the Erebus and Terror” gives
an account of the birds of New Zealand. It was published in 1844 and

* “ Voyages of Discovery in the Arctie and Antarctie Seas.” 2 vols.
8vo. 1884.

300 Zoology.

1845. Tlirty-five coloured plates accompanied the memoir, but some
of them are not referred to in the letterpress. These plates seem to me
to have heen drawn by D. W. Mitchell, who was about that date engaged
with G. R. Gray in illustrating the “ Genera of Birds.” Some few are by
Wolf. When the “ Appendix” was published in 1875 I re-wrote the
list of the “ Birds of New Zealand” and brousht the subject up to date,
and was also able to issue some fine plates of Antaretice species. These
Dr. J. E. Gray had apparently intended to publish, and they had
remained in his room for many years, until Mr. E. W. Janson bought the
stock and published the “ Appendix.”

Antarctic Expedition, British.
See NEWNES, SIR GEORGE.

Antarctie Expedition Committee of the Royal Geo-
graphical Society and the Royal Society.

27 birds and eggs from S. Trinidad Island, including the type of
Bstralata wilsoni, collected by Dr. E. A. Wilson, of the Discovery.
[1905. 12. 30, 130-156.]

78 birds from Macgnarie Island, Auckland Islands and Antarctie
Ocean. [1905. 12. 30, 157-234.]

124 birds and eggs, including those of the Emperor Penguin, from
Vietoria Land and other parts of the Antarctic continent, collected by
Dr. E. A. Wilson. [1905. 12. 30, 235-358, 393-412.]

33 birds from the Antarctic Seas and Victoria Land, collected by
Dr. G. A. Davidson on the relief ship Morniny.

Anthony (A. W.).

61 specimens of birds and eggs, mostly from the Revillagigedo Islands.
Presented. [97. 11. 10, 1-61.]

This young American naturalist has done veıy important work among
the birds of the Pacific coast of North America, and especially in California
and the islands which lie to the south of this portion of the continent.

Aplin (OLıver V.).
218 birds and eggs from Uruguay. Purchased. [97. 12. 2, 1-218.]
This collection is described by Mr. Aplin in his paper on the “ Birds
of Uruguay ” in the “ Ibis” for 1894 (jp. 149-215, pl. v., eggs), and from
the excellence of the author’s field-notes on the species observed by him,
the collection was of considerable value.

Argent ( ):

38 specimens from North America. Purchased. [43. 7. 20, 1-38.]
IO0E, „ Italy 7 [43. 12. 1, 1-16.]
24 „u » Mexico 5; [43. 12. 19, 1-29.]
Type of Ohrysotis

finschi (Sel.).
6 » Mexico n [44. 4. 1, 12-47.]
2 » » Shetland Isles 55 [44. 4. 10. 1-2.]
14: 055 „» Cape Colony a [44. 10. 19, 60-73.]
dar? >55 » Bouotä : [45. 2. 19, 1-15.]
u 5 „ Africa 5 [45. 3. 27, 1-11.]
ee »„ Natal 7 [45. 6. 24, 1-19.]
20 » Australia P [45 11. 17, 2-21.]
0 » Brazil R [45. 11. 19, 1-30.]

TE » Mexico h [46. 1. 16, 1008

Birds. sol

3 specimens from Europe Purchased. [46. 5. 29, 1-8.]

8 > „» Australia 5 [46. 6. 5, 1-8.]
20» » Mexico F [47. 2. 26, 1-20.]
1 » Mexico > [47. 3. 10, 1-14.]
2 „ „ India s. 48. 8. 3, 1-22.]
24 > » N. W. America s [45. 6. 3, 1-24. ]
ZA , „ India 5 [49. 1. 15, 1-24.]
53 n » West Africa r [50. 11. 18, 1-53. ]
7 Meinidad ä (52.2.3, 1-11]
The type of @lobicera rubricera (Gray). [52. 5. 14, 1.]
14 specimens from South America » [52. 11. 27, 1-14. ]
12 > » South America > [54. 2. 2, 1-12.]
57° „» Boguta A [54. 4. 6, 1-57.]

504

Most of these specimens, from the vagueness of their locality, have
been passed into the duplicates aud given away to other museums, only
those of historical interest being retained.

Argent was a dealer in natural history objects, but was unknown to
me personally. His place of business was in Bishopsgate Street, so Mr.
Gerrard, sen., tells me, and he was a great collector of tortoises and
reptiles, many of which were bought by Dr. J. E. Gray.

The rı gisters enumerate 500 specimens of birds as purchased from
Argent, but the localities were not very precise, though they were con-
sidered good enough for the days in whıch he flourished. Ihus we read
of “North America” in the first purchase made in July 1843, and he
continued to suppiy specimens until April 1854, when the registers know
his name for the last time. In 1845 the first examples (15) from Bogotä
are recorded, and in 1854 the Museum bought 57 specimens from the
same place. 'Ihese were the commencement of that endless stream of
Bogotä birds, now to bereckoned by millions, which have steadily come to
Europe as articles of trade down to the present day. 'TI’hese skins are
prepared by Indians in a somewhat rough manner, and are easily recog-
nised by their “make.” The locality is worthless, as the hunters in the
present day have to go some considerable distance into the different
valleys to obtain a supply of skins for millınery purposes, so that Bogotä
is synonymous for a very large area.

‘The first paper on the birds of Bogotä was published by Dr. Sclater in
the “ Proceedings” of the Zoological Society for 1855, and the collections
in the Museum formed the foundation of the paper which he wrote at
this time (p. 132).

Argyli (H.@. the late Duke of), K.@.

7 specimens from Sieily. Presented. [97. 10. 30, 1-7.]

This is apparently the only donation which the late Duke of Argyle
made to the collection of Birds; but he was an accomplished ornithologist,
aud, like the present Duke, an occasional vısitor to the Bird room,

Arsyll (H.@. the Duke of) K.T.

3 Gannets from Argylishire. [98. 4. 12, 1-3.]
Armitage (Miss).

24 birds from British Guiana. Presented. [1904. 9. 9, 1-24.]
Arnot (Capt. G. H.).

28 spceeiniens from Demerara. Pıesented. [1900. 8. 31, 1-28.]

302 Zoology.

Arrigoni degli Oddi (Count E.).

100 specimens of Italian Birds. Presented. [99. 8. 12, 1-100.]

Count Arrigoni degli Oddi is one of the most serious students of
Palsarctic ornitholoey of the present day, and his great work, “ Atlante
Ornitologico ; Uccelli Europei con notizie d’Indole generale et particolare,”
published in 1902 (pp. 166, xxvi., 568, tav. 1.-L.), is a monumental
volume which deals with the omithology of the Western Palwarctie
Region in a wor derfully complete manner, at once scientific and popular.

Ashmore (G.P.).
21 birds from High Peru. Presented. [99. 10. 3, 1-21.]

Aubinn (Sr. Tnomas Davıip).

A native collector on the Gold Coast, whu obtained many rare species
for Governor Ussher, and also sent collections to the Museum.

Austen (E. E.).
See CAMBRIDGE (F. O. PıcKkARD).

20 birds from the River Amazon. [96. 5. 12, 1-20.]

Mr. Austen, who is in charge of the section of “Diptera” in the
Zoological Department, has made expeditions to tlıe River Anıazon and to
Sierra Leone, by the permission of the Trustces. On the former occasion he
and his companion Mr. Pickard Cambridge obtained a small series of birds.

Australian Museum (Sydney, N.S.W., Professor RoBERT
ETHERIDGE, Director).

30 birds from various parts of Australia. Presentel.
[77. 11. 15, 1-30.]
107 birds from Australia. In exchange. [83. 12. 18, 1-107.]
This last collection formed part of the mounted series in the Aus-
tralian Court at the International Fisheries Exhibition.
38 birds fiom N.E. Queensland. Presented. [90. 9. 19, 1-38.]
Several species were new to the Museum, Collyriocinela bowert,
Eopsaltria chrysorthoa, Heteromyias cinereifrous, etc.

Ayres (Tnomas).

33 birds from Natal. [59. 5. 16, 1-33.]

Many birds from Mr. Ayres’ first collection came to the British
Museum ; the ezgs, obtained at the same time, passed into the hands of
Messrs. Salvin and Godman, and are also in the Museum.

The Accipitres obtained by Mr. Ayres were retained by Mr. John
Henry Gurney, who was then forming the famous series for which
the Norwich Museum is so celebrated. Mr. Gurney presented many
specimens tothe Museum at King’s Lynn, for which town he was then
M.P., and described the whole collection in the “Ibis” for 1859,
together with notes made on the birds sent to Europe by Dr.Gueinzius.
Many of th«se latter had been purchased by the Museum through
Mr. Samuel Stevens. Between 1859 and 1873 Mr. Gurney published no
less than eleven lists of the birds sent by Mr. Ayres* from Natal. When
the latter moved into the Transvaal, he settled at Potchefstroom and
continued his collecting, the papers being written by himself, with

* Of. Ayres, Ibis, 1869, pp. 286-303; 1871, pp. 147-157, 253-270, pl. 9;
1873, pp. 280-287; 1874, pp. 101-107, pl. 3; 1876, pp. 422-433; 1877,
pp: 339-354; 1878, pp. 281-301, 406-411; 1879, pp. 285-300, 389-405 ; 1880,
pp: 99-112, 257-273.

Birds. 303

eritical notes by Mr. Gurney. Thirteen in all were published by Mr.
Ayres, who in 1881 accompaunied the late Mr. J. S. Jameson on his
expedition to Mashonaland, and wrote the field-notes on the birds
obtained in this country, at that time an untrodden ground for the
naturalist. Mr. Ayres’ notes on the habits of South African birds are
some of the most interestinz contributions ever made by an ornithologist,
and as an estimate of his integrity as a man, it is only necessary to state
that he was allowed to remain in peace at Potchefstroom through both
the Boer wars. C(/. Gurney, “Ibis,” 1859, pp. 234-252, pl. 7; 1860,
pp- 203-221; 1861, pp. 128-136; 1862, pp. 25-89, pl. 3, 149-158, pls.
4-5; 1863, pp. 320-330, pls. 8, 9; 18564, pp. 346-361; 1865, pp. 263-
276; 1868, pp. 40-52, pl. 2, 460-471, pl. 10; 1873, pp. 254-259.

Many of Mr. Ayres’ specimens have reached the Museum through the
acquisition of Capt. Shelley’s and my own collections of African birds,
and they are remarkable for their fine preservation. After the death of
Mr. Gurney, his son John Henry Gurney divided the remaining series
bequeathed to him by bis father between the British Museum and his old
friend, Canon Tristram.

See GURNEY, J. H.; JaMmESsoN, J. S.

Ayres (T. L.).

Son of the foregoine, and an excellent colleetor. Many of his
specimens were in the Shelley and Seebohm Collections, and for some
time he occupied himself in procuring a series of birds, in moult, for my
especial study ; these I gave to the Museum.

Ayscoush (Capt. R. F.), H.M.S. Ring-dove.
4 speeimens from Campbell Island, etc., including the type of Ocydromus
scotti, Grant, Bull. B.O.C., xv., p. 78 (1905).

Baber (Rev. H. H.).

144 specimens from Madras. Presented. [43. 10. 25, 1-144.]

] have never been able to discover whether Mr. Baber was a missionary
or an army chaplain. His skins were of the usual Madras or “ Coorg”
make, with a paper band round their bodies. 'T'he collection must have
been of great service to the Museum in 1843, as at that time we possessed
scarcely any specimens of Indian birds.

Baikie (Dr.).

23 specimens from Nigeria. Presented. [62. 6. 30, 12-34.]

Cf. Mr. Oldfield Thomas’s Report on Mammalian Collections
(antea, p. ).

Bailey (Col. the Hon. J. H. R.).

2 specimens of the Common Magpie from Brecon. Presented.
[1904. 6. 8, 2-3.]
Bailward (W. A.).

31 speeimens from Taviuni Island, Fiji Archipelago. Presented.
[84. 7. 9, 1-16; 86. 7. 10, 1-15.]

Mr. Bailward, on two occasions, presented small collections of birds
from the island of Taviuni, aud among them were specimens of Chrysanas
vietor, Lamprolia victoriz, and its nest and eggs.

Bailward (Colonel R. C.).
396 birds from Persia. Presented. [1905. 12. 27, 1-396.]

5)

304 Zoology.

Colonel Bailward served in the Royal Artillery from 1874 to 1905,
He visited Persia in 1886, and again in 1889. In 1904 he made
another expedition into Persia, taking with him Mr. R. B. Woosnam, who
made an excellent collection ot birds, which Colonel Bailward has presented
to the Museum.

Baker (E. ©. StuArr).

22 specimens of eggs from Cachar. Presented. [1902. 8. 23, 1-22.]

87 specimens of eggs from Cachar. Purchased. [1902. 11. 6, 1-79;
1902. 11. 21, 1-8.]

Mr. Stuart Baker is one of the best-known Indian ornithologists of
the present day, and has contributed some important articles on the birds
of Assam and Cachar to the “ Journal” of the Bombay Natural History
Society and to the “Ibis.” Nearly all the specimens received from him
were eggs previously unrepresented in the Museum collection.

Baker (Joseph).

114 specimens of young British birds. [39. 8. 3, 1-114.]

73 birds from Cambridgeshire. [40. 6. 23, 5-22; 40. 6. 24, 48-67;
41. 6, 1672-1696 ; 44.1.1, 2-3; 44.1. 2, 1-6.]

292 birds from England. [49. 12. 24, 2-174; 50. 2. 19, 1-55;
50. 8. 13, 1-57; 50. 8. 21, 1-13; 50. 11. 5, 8-51.]

66 nests of British birds with eggs. [51. 2. 11, 1-28; 51. 11. 25,
1-38.]

15 virds from England. [54. 1. 31, 1-15.]

Joseph Baker was born at Melbourne, Cambridgeshire, and worked for

some time for Mr. Gould. Under the direction of the latter the big.

Giraffe which adorned the Mammal Gallery in the old British Museum
was mounted by Joseph Baker, and Mr. Edward Gerrard, sen., lent a
hand in completinpg the work, which was considered a big undertaking
in those days. After leaving Mr. Gould, Baker had his workshops in
Cardington Street, where my fiiends the Gerrards, father and son (to
whom I am indebted for much information about the naturalists of the
middle of the last century), used to visit him.

Towards the end of the forties a determined effort was made by Dr.
John Edward Gray to improve the exhibition series of British birds in the
public galleries at Bloomsbury, and the task of procuring the specimens
was given to Joseph Baker, who collected most of them near his
home at Melbourne, where he spent his holidays. 'T’he birds were well
mounted by him, but in the conventional attitudes of the period, and most
of them have been transferred to other Museums, or replaced by more
naturally stuffed examples. For many years Baker was employed by
Mr. George Robert Gray in mounting birds for the galleries, and as at
that time it was considered to be the röle of a Museum to mount
everything, without consideration as to its value, the exhibition series was
alone thought of, and priceless specimens were recklessly mounted, with
the result that types aud other valuable specimens were exposed to the
light and dust of the public galleries, where they were very soon bleached
out of all recognition.

When I was appointed in 1872, one of my first cares was to unmount
and remove from the galleries all specimens of historical value. In many
instances this interposition came too late, and irretrievable damage had
been done. It will hardly be credited that I have found as many as eleven
specimens of an Eagle, allin the same plumage, and all from the same
place, mounted in a row on stands, and in one instance the bird had lost

u NER N Te UN

Birds. 305

a leg, and the limb had been replaced by a wire prop. In other instances
the wings had been removed and stuck on again with glue. Such were
the methods of the Museum taxidermy fifty years ago.

Baker (Sir SAmuEL).

25 specimens from Egypt and the White Nile. Presented. [74. 6. 5,
5-29.]

Balfour (I. Bayıey).

66 specimens from Sokotra. Presented by the British Association.
[81. 3. 21, 1-66.]

Prof. Bayley Balfour, under the auspices of the British Association,
made a scientific expedition to the island of Sokotra, and obtained a very
interesting series of birds, as the island had not before been visited by a
naturalist. Prof. Balfour’s work was largely botanical, and his bird-
skins were obtained during his journeys in search of plants. The
ornithological collection was described by Dr. Sclater and Dr. Hartlaub
(Proc. Zool. Soc., 1881, pp. 165-175, pls. xv.-xvii.), and seven new species
were described, the types of which are in the Museum, viz., (isticola
incana, Drymeeca hzsitata, Lanius uneinatus, Cinnyris balfouri, Passer
insularis, Rhynchostruthus socotranus, Amydrus frater.

The duplicates passed into Capt. Shelley’s collection, and have come
with the latter into the hands of the Trustees, so that the entire series
obtained by Prof. Balfour is now in the National Collection.

See also BRITISH AsSoCIATION; ÜGILVIE-GRANT, W. R.; FoRBEs,

Dr<H..0;

Balston (W.E.).

5 nests from S.E. Australia. Presented. [1905. 9. 22, 1-5.]
374 birds from S.W. Australia, collected by G. C. Shortridge. Pre-
sented. [1905. 12. 26, 1-374.]

Bannermann (D. H.).

46 birds from the West Indies. Presented. [1905. 1. 1t, 1-46.]
63 birds fiom Jamaica. Presented. [1905. 10. 14,1 65.]

Barclay (G.).
74 birds from Guayaquil. Presented. [41. 2. 4, 441-513, 516.]
Mr. Barclay was botanical collector on board H.M.S. Sulphur. [See
Hist. Coll., i., Botany, p. 132.]

Baring (Hon. Cecır) and Ogilvie-Grant (W.R.).

247 specimens of birds, nests and eges from Madeira, the Desertas,
and the Great Salvage Islands. Presented. [495. 7. 1, 1-247.]

Of. Grant, “ Ibis,” 1896, pp. 41-55.

Barnard (Cuarues A.).

48 eggs from N. Australia. Purchased. [1900. 7. 3, 1-48.]
27 nests from British New Guinea and N. Australia. Purchased.
[1900. 8. 14, 1-13; 1900. 8. 16, 1-14.]

Barnes (Lieut. H. E.).

10 specimens from Aden. Presented. [92. 10. 20. 1-10.]

Lieut. Barnes was a cood soldier, who rose Irom the ranks. He served
in Afyhanistan, and wrote some papers for Mr. Allan Hume's journal,
“Sıray Feathers,” the principal ones being “ Notıs on the nidification of

VOL. II. x

306 Zoology.

certain species in the neighbourhood of Chaman, S. Afghanistan” (Str. F.,
ix., pp. 212-220), and “ A list of Birds observed in the neighbourhood of
Chaman ” (£.c., pp. 449-460). He got together a fine collection of Indian
birds’ eggs. On being transferred to Aden, he was much interested in the
ornithology of that Peninsula, and wrote a noteworthy paper on the results
of his studies in that inhospitable spot (“ Ibis,” 1893, pp. 57-84,
165-181).

He also published a series of articles on the birds of the Bombay Pre-
sideney in the “ Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society,” illus-
trated by himself [ Of. “ Ibis,” 1896, p. 162].

Baroda.
See H.H. THE GAEKWAR OF BARODA.

Baron (O.T.).

A German naturalist, who collected in California, and made expedi-
tions to Ecuador and Peru, He mounted all his Humming-birds in the
field, and a beautiful set of these birds was presented to the Museum by
the Hon. Walter Rothschild. ‚A series from his Peruvian colk etions was
acquired by Dr. F. D. Godman and presented by him to the Museum.
Other colleetions were sent to the Hon. Walter Rothschild. A paper was
published on these collections by Mr. Ösbert Salvin (Nov. Zool., ii., pp. 1-22),
and 16 new species were described. Mr. Baron hımself contributed some
notes on the localities visited by him in Northern Peru to Mr. Roth-
schild’s “ Novitates” (vol. iv., pp. 1-10), and some other new species have
been described by Mr. Hellmıyr (Nov. Zovl., xii., p. 503, 1905).
Baroody (S.).

18 specimens from Mount Lebanon. Purchased. [94. 5. 6, 1-18.]

72 specimens from Mount Lebanon. Presented. [94. 5. 7, 1-72.]

An interesting, but somewhat ill-preparei, series from tlıe mountains
of Lebanon.

Barratt (F. A.).

119 birds from the Eastern Transvaal. Presented. [75. 9. 30, 1-7;
75. 10. 1, 1-112.]

61 birds from the Eastern Transvaal. Purchased. [75. 10. 7, 3-68.]

This collection contained the types of two new species (Bradypterus
barratti and Andropadus (potius BDleda) flavostriatus. Mr. Barratt
was an old schoolfellow of mine, and we met after many years on his
return from South Africa. I described the new species in the “ Ibis” for
1876 (pp. 52-54), and Mr. Barratt himself described his collection in the
same volume (pp. 191-214), where Zradypterus barratti was figured
(pl. iv.).
Barrett-Hamilton (Captain G. E. H.).

192 specimens from Bering Island and the North-Western Pacific.
Presented. [95. 7. 4, 1-192.]

44 specimens from Bering lsland, etc. Presented. [98. 3.25, 1-3; 98.
11. 11, 1-41.]

21 specimens from Kamtschatka. Presented. [1900. 1. 6, 1-10;
7902..5. 1, 1-11.]

20 specimens from the Orange River Colony. Presented. [1901.
9. 20, 1-20.]

900 specimens from the Orange River Colony, S.W. Transvaal, Griqua-
land West, and Cape Colony. Presented. [1905. 12. 28, 1-900].

Capt. Barrett-Hamilton’s early studies were devoted to the Fauna and

Dirds. 307

Flora of Ireland, and he has also paid much attention to Mammalia
especially those of the Western Palsarctic region. He is particularly
interested in the Pinnipedia, on which he has written chapters in the
“ Antaretice Manual,” and in the British Museum “ Report” on the
Southern Cross cullections. He is also a student of the phenomena o
colour and sexual dimorphism in the Vertebrata.

In 1896-97 he was selected by the Foreign Ofice and the Colonial Office
to serve on the International Bering-Sea Seal Commission, and obtained
some interesting specimens of birds. In April, 1901, he accompanied
his regiment, the 5th Battalion Royal Irish Rifles, to South Africa, and
remained there till the close of the war. Being in charse of sume of the
block-houses, he utilised his leisure time in collecting specimens v
natural history, and presented to the Museum a fine series of birds.

Bartlett (Asranam Der).

8 specimens of younz Geese. Purchased. [43. 12. 30, 1-8.]

64 eges of North American birds. Purchased. [51. 6. 12, 1-64.]

29 specimens of birds from Damara Land collected by C. J. Andersson.
Purchased. [52. 5.1, 15-43.]

To this collection reference has already been made (vide supra, p. 3).

Mr. Bartlett, before he became Superintendent of the Zovlogical
Society’s Gardens, had a natural history ageney in Little Russell Street,
Bloomsbury. My old friend Mr. Edward Gerrard remembers it well, but
the house has long ago been pulled down. Mr. Bartlett was an able
taxidermist, of the school of John Hancock, and presented a few examples
of his art to the British Museum, but they do not seem to have been
registered. He was wont to mount some of the rare animals which died in
the Zuological Gardens, such as the Ailurus, which are still exhibited in
the galleries, and an Eagle Owl (Bube bubo) ; these have been the subject
of many pictures in popular works on natural history.

He belonged to a little coterie of hard-working field-naturalists, of
whom Frank Buckland and Henry Lee were the leading spirits (cf.
“ Ibis,’ 1897, p. 499).

Bartlett (Epwarp).

259 specimens from Upper Amazonia. Purchased. [66. 5. 8. 1-66;
69. 6. 5, 1-16; 69.4. 10, 1-10; 69. 6. 25, 1-146; 70. 6. 4, 1-21.]

7 specimens from Egypt and South America. Purchased. [72. 12.
23, 1-7.

10 nee from Mexico collected by Mr. Dorman. Purchased.
47.1, 1-10.]

Eldest son of Mr. A. D. Bartlett. Principally known for his natural
history explorations on the Upper Amazon, where he experienced con-
siderable hardships, but discovered many interesting birds. His coll ctions
were described by Dr. Sclater and Mr. Salvin [P.Z.S., 1866, pp. 175-201,
pl. xviıi.], and the first set purchased by the Museum in 1869. He had
previously accompaunied Canon Tristram on an expedition to Syria and
Palestine. He was for some years curator of ihe Maidstone Museum, and
a'terwards of the Sarawak Museum at Kuching. He has written the life
of his father (vide supra).

Bartlett (Col. H. W.).
12 birds from Sierra Leone. Presented. [1905. 4. 5, 1-12.]
Barton (H.E. Capt. F. B.), @overnor of British New Guinea.
68 specimens from the interior of British New Guinea. Presented.
[1902. 7. 20, 1-68.]
x 2

308 Zoology.

22 birds from British New Guinea. [1905. 7. 25, 1-22.)

Capt. Barton, who is the Governor of British New Guinea, has
interested himself in the natural history of the colony, and presented
to the Museum a valuable collection of birds, ineluding the peculiar
Torrent-duck (Salvadorina waigiuensis) and the rare Parotia helene,
a Bird of Paradise not previously represented in the collection.

Bates (G.L.).

32 birds from French Congo. 1900. 2. 24, 1-32.]

3. % „ the Como River, Gaboon. [1901. 4. 24, 1-31.]

124,5, » » Benito River. [1901. 7. 6, 1-12.]

908 ,, »„ . „ Camaroons. [1901: 10. 29, 1-46; 19027 5.415;
1-30; 1902. 7. 15, 1-100; 1902. 12. 5, 1-101; 1903. 2. 16,1-25; 1903.
7. 16, 1-100; 1903. 10. 23, 1-177; 1904. 7. 18, 1-180; 1905. 1. 24,
1-265 ; 1905. 7. 30, 1-61.]

T'he importance of the collections made by Mr. Bates cannot be over-
estimated. 'T'he first series of birds from the Como River in Gaboon was
interesting enough, but the very complete collections which he has sent
to the Muserm {rom the Benito River, the neishbourhood of Efulen, and
the River Ja, have proved of the greatest value to science. I entirely
agree with my friend Mr. Oscar Neumann, who has gone over these
collections with me, and whose experience in African zoology is derived
from personal travelin many parts of Equatorial Africa, that in Camaroons
are represented at least three zoo-geographical areas, of which the most
northern shows an afünity to the Avifauna of Nigeria and the Gold Coast,
The mountainous central rezion exhibits relations to the equatorial chain

included in my Camaroonian sub-region, whilst the more southern distriets

possess a fauna almost identical with that. of Gaboon and the Congo district.
It is in the latter province of the Camaroons that Mr. Bates has worked.
He has discovered several remarkable new species (Dryotriorchis batesi,
Aceipiter batesi, Melittophagus batesi, Callene cyornithopsis, ete.), and the
interesting series of birds which he has sent to the Museum will always
be a record of sound work performed by this industrious naturalist.

Bates (H. W.).

‚See STEVENS, S.

The great traveller, whose “ Naturalist on the River Amazon ” has
become an English classic. His collections from Ega and the Rio Javarri
(a river which had never been previously explored) were described by
Dr. Sclater (P.Z.S., 1857, pp. 261-268). Eubucco aurantiicollis was
described as new.

Cf. Dict. Nat. Biogr., Suppl. i., p. 141.

Battye.

See TREVoR-BATTYE.

Bayne (W.M.).
A specimen of Anas ceristata from Argentina. Presented. [1904. 5
551]

Beavan (Capt. R. C.).

An excellent naturalıst, who collected in the sixties in India, and did
made good work. He was a friend of Dr. Jerdon, and also of ıhe Marquess
of Tweeddale, in whose Museum most of Beavan’s collections are to be
found. A good nutice uf his career is given in the “ Ibis” for 1870 (p. Sul).

I DENE U LEGEN LTE a a ne

Birds. 309

Beck (R.N.).

13 birds from the Galapagos Archipelago. Purchased. [1902. 12.
11, 1-13.]

A well-known American explorer in the Galapagos and other Pacific
islands off the coast of Western America.

Beddington (CLAuDe).
26 birds from Ashanti. Presented. [1900. 9. 8, 1-26.]

Bedford (H.@. the Duke of, K.@.), President of the Zoological
Society.
2 specimens of the Ypecaha Rail (Aramides ypecaha). Presented.
[98. 3. 10, 1, 2.]
A Mute Swan (Oygnus olor) from Woburn Abbey. Presented.
198: 3. 29, 1.]
402 birds, eggs and nests, from Fernando Po, collected by Mr. E.
Seimund. Presented. [1904. 6. 22, 1-402.]
322 birds from Japan, collected by Mr. M. P. Anderson. Presented.
[1905.8.7,1-66, 1905. 12. 21, 1-256.]
A specimen of the rare Duck (Asarcornio scutulata). Presented.
[1905. 2. 24, 1.]
‚See SLADEN, Mrs. Percy; RoTHscHILD, Hon. WALTER.

Belcher (Admiral Sir EpwArn).

335 birds collected in various parts of the Pacific and on the coasts of
America [no exact localities seem to have been preserved]. Presented.
[42. 12. 2, 2; 42. 12.10, 2-5; 42. 12. 21, 4-7; 43. 7. 22, 1-83 (type of
Calornis nitida) ; 47. 3. 4, 92-322.]

14 eegs from Mauritius. [47. 3. 2, 1-14.]

Of. Dict. Nat. Biogr. iv., p. 142,

Bell (J. B.):
73 birds from the Lawas River and other localities in Northern
Borneo. Purchased. [98. 11. 24, 1-73.]

Benzon (A.).
A Danish naturalist, who sent many eggs to Mr. Seebohm, in whose
collection they are recorded.

Berlepsch (Hans GRAF von).

8 specimens from the Island of Nias, all species new to the collection.
Received in exchange. [93. 12. 11, 1-3.]

öl specimens from Colombia and other countries of Northern South
America. Received in exchange. [93. 12. 12, 1-31.]

13 specimens from New Guinea and other localities. Received in
exchange. [96. 12. 29, 1-13.]

21 specimens from Bolivia and other States of South America. Pre-
Sented. [99. 8. 2, 1-20; 1900. 2. 3, 5.]

22 birds from Peru and Bolivia. Purchased. [1901. 8. 2, 1-22.]

Count von Berlepsch is one of the greatest living authorities on South
American ornithology. He has frequently presented to the Museum
valuable duplictaes from his collection.

Berezowsky (M.)

44 specimens from Gan-su, in Western China. [89. 3. 25, 1-44.
Purchased.

310 Zoology.

Mr. Berezowsky took part in the Potanin expedition to Gan-su, and
is an excellent collector. No less than 17 of the species obtained from
him were new to the Museum. ((/. Bianchi and Berezuwski, Aves, Exped.
Potan. Gan-su, 1354-1887: 1891.)

Berlin Museum.

18 birds from Equatorial Africa. Received in exchange. [91. 6. 25,
1-18.]

2 Francolins (Pternistes boehmi) from German East Africa. [1901.
3. 22, 1-2.]

Betton (C. SvewArr).
28 birds from British East Africa. Presented. [97. 12.9, 1-18;
1901. 4. 17, 1-10.]

Biddulph (Colonel Jon).

Ihe type-speeimens of Podoces biddulphi and Suya obscura. Pur-
chased. [97. 6. 5, 1-2.]

448 birds from Gilgit. Purchased. [81.4. 29,1-8; 81.12. 29,1-146;
82. 4. 1, 1-294.]

3194 birds from Gileit, Kashmir, Turkestan and other localities.
Presentid. [81. 12. 30, 1-154; 97. 12. 10, 1-3040.]

Colonel John Biddulph served during the Indiau Mutiny under Lord
Clyde, and was afterwaris Aide-de-camp to Lord Northbrook, when the
latter was Governor-General of India. He accompanied Sir Douglas
Forsyth’s mission to Yarkand, when the winter was passed in that
coun'ry, Colonel B.ddulph proce-ding to Maralbashi, where he discovered

a hiew species of Desert-Chouglı (Podoces biddulphi). He also crossed the .

two Pamirs and visited Wakban. In 1877 he was posted at Gilgit, and
here he did splendid work in a practically unknown country, being also
the first European to penetrate to Hunza and Chitral. His Central Asian
collections have been described by me in the Report on the “ Scientific
Results of the Second Yarkand Mission.” Memoirs «n the birds of Gilgit
were published by Colonel Biddulph himself in the* “Ibis” for 1881
(pp: 35-102), and 1882 (pp. 266-290). He also interested himself in the
family of Fringillide and made a fine collection of these birds, which
he gave to the Museum in 1897 with the rest of his ornithologıcal
treasures.

Bingham (Colonel C. T.).

133 birds and eges from Tenasserim. Presented. [83. 4. 5, 1-30;
83. 8. 20, 1-30; 83. 12. 27, 1-35; 84. 5. 23, 1-38.]

When stationed with his regiment in tbe N.W. Provinces of India,
this indefatigable naturalist made a fine collection of birds from the neigh-
bourhood of Delhi. His specimens, collecttd and labelled in the most
careful manner, formed part of the Hume Collection, and the eggs of birds
from the Delhi distriet are desciibed and enumerated in Hume’s “ Nests
and Eggs of Indian Birds,” and in Oates’ “Catalogue of the Birds’ Eggs
in the British Museum.” Colunel Bingham’s most important work
was done when, as an officer in the Forest Department of the Indian
Emjyire, he was in charge of the Thoungyin Valley in Tenasserim (ef.
“Stray Feathers,” ix., pp. 138-198). Papers on the birds of the latter
province and Burma have appeared in Mr. Allan Hume’s journal
“Stray Feathers” (v., pp. 79-86; vii., pp. 25-33; viii., pp. 190-197,
459-463 ; ix., pp. 471-475).

Recent contributions to our knowledge of the Avifauna of the Shan

Dirds. s1l

Statesand the Upper Mekong Valley have been published by Colonel
Bingham in the “Journal” of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (with Mr.
H. N. !'hompson) for 1900 (pp. 102-142), and in.the “ Ibis” for 1903
(pp. 584-606, pls. xi. and xii.).

Blaauw (F. E.).

Eggs of Aramides ypecaha and Ocydromus australis, laid in his
menagerie. Presented. [98. 3. 15, 1, 2.]

Nestlings of Chen rossü, CO. hyperboreus, Oygnus buceinator, and
Oloephaga ruhridiceps. Presented. |[1905. 12. 8, 1-4.]

Blakiston (Capt. T. A.).

59 birds from Japan. Presented. [83. 12. 29, 1-32; 84.1. 25, 1-27.]

Capt. Blakiston’s early papers were on the birds of the Saskatche-
wan region in western Uanada (Ibis, 1861, p. 314; 1862, p. 3; 1863,
pp- 39, 121). He was a captain in the Royal Artillery, and his North
American collection appears to have been presented to the Royal Artillery
Institution at Woolwich (cf. Whitely, “Catalogue of North American
Birds and Eges arranged in cabinets in the Museum of the R. A. Institu-
tion ” 1865). In 1862 Capt. Blakiston commenced his papers on Japanese
ornithology in the “ Ibis,” and he became an intimate correspondent of
Consul Robert Swinhve, who described several new and rare species,
Ultimately Blakiston summed up the results of his labours in a little
pamphlet, “The Birds of Japan, Amended List” (188+), in which he
emphasised the fact that the fauna of Yezo was defined from that of Hondo
by a line of demarcation as the Strait of T'sugar, the animals found to the
south of thıs strait being Japanese, while the northern islands were
more truly Siberian. 'Uhus “ Blakiston’s Line” has become as imvortant
a feature in the Zoo-geography of Northern Asia as “ Wallace’s Line ” is
to the student of the Avifauna of the Moluccas.

Blancanaux (F.).

A resident in British Honduras, who made some valuable collections
of the birds of that country. The results are recorded in the “ Biologia
Centrali-Americana,” by Dr. F. D. Godman and Mr. Osbert Salvin.

Blanford (W.T.), LL.D., F.R.S., C.L.E.

84 birds from Burma. Presented. [63. 5. 15, 1-84.]

476 birds collected by Dr. Blanford during the Abyssinian Expedition.
Presented by the Government of India. [69. 10. 16, 1-476.] The first
set went to the Calcutta Museum.

72 birds from various localities, Sikhim, Godavery Valley, Sind, etc.
Presented. [73. 6. 16, 1-33; 80. 8. 12, 1-3; 80. 9. 29, 1-13; 80. 11. 11,
1-7; 1900. 8. 13, 1-16.]

325 birds from Baluchistan and Persia collected by Dr. Blanford during
the visit of the Boundary Commission (vide infra), Received in exchange
from the Indian Museum, Calcutta. [74. 4. 23, 1-325.]

1544 Dirds from various parts of India, Presented. [98. 12. 12,
1-1344.] This was Dr. Blanford’s private collection of birds formed
during his many years’ service in India and Burma. An invaluable
present, supplementing the great Hume collection.

This well-known naturalist and traveller was born in London on
October 7, 1832, and was educated at private schools. He studied at the
Royal School of Mines in 1852, receiving an Associateship, afterwards
passing a year at the Mining Academy at Freiburg, in Germany. In
October, 1855, he joined the Geological Survey of India in Calcutta, and

312 Zoology.

durinz his term of service worked in various distriets of India and Burma
Bengal and Orissa (1555-60), Trichinopoly, Madras (July to September,
1859), Pesu (1860-2). Here it was that Dr. Blanford first besan to
collect birds (C/f. “ Ibis,” 1570, p. 462), in the Bombay Presidency
(1562-5), and in the Centrai Provinces (1565-7). In the latter part of
1567 he was attached as Zoolo,ist to the Abyssinian Expedition, and
went to Magdala with the army. He afterwards made an excursion
into Bogos Land with Mr. W. Jesse, the expedition lasting till August
1568, and for more than a year he was engaged in Calcutta aud in
London in working out his collections (cf. his “ Geology and Zoology of
Abvssinia,” 187 ).

From 1869-71 he was stationed in the Central Provinces, prineipally
in the Godavery Valley (cf. J.A.S.Beng., xxxviii., pp. 164-91, 1869),
and in the last-named year and 1872 he was attached to the Perso-
Baluch Boundary Commission, and travelled throush Persia (ef. “ Eastern
Persia: An account of Journeys of the Persian Boundary Commission,
1870-71-72”). This book was prepared during furlough from 1872-4
and published in 1876. An expedition to Sikhim with Mr. H. J. Elwes
(g.v.) was undertaken in 1572, and an account of it given in the “ Journal
otthe Asiatic Sciety of Bengal” (xli., pp. 41-73, ), when Monti-
Fringilla ruficollis and Otocorys elwesi were described as new Species.
He was at work in Sind and the desert country from 1874-7 (cf. Stray
Feathers, vii., pp. 99-101, 526, 527, 1878), and was on duty at the
Survey Oflice in Calcutta from 1877 to1879. After a furlough till 1881,
he visited the North-West frontier, Quetta to Dehra Ghazi Khan, in
1881-2, and retired rom the Indian Service at the end of the latter year.
After his return to England his priucipal work was the editing of the

“Fauna of British India,” of which sixteen volumes have appeared, and -

of these he hinself has written the volume on Mammalia and Vols. III.
and IV. of the Birds. He was awarded one of the Royal Society’s
Medals in 1901.

Blewitt (F. R.).

Cullected in Oentral India. Many birds and eggs are in the Hume
collection from Saugor and Raıpur.

Blewitt (W.).
His collections of birds and eggs from the Hansi district in the Punjab
are in the Hume collec ion.

Blundell (H. Wenn), and Lovat (Lord).

416 birds from South Abyssinia. Presented by the above-named
travellers. [1900. 1. 3, 1-416.]

16 new species were described by them and by Mr. Ögilvie-Grant,
who has written an account of the collection in the “Ibis” for 1900
(pp. 115-178, 304-387, pl. ii.-vi.).

Blyth (Epwarp).

6 birds from the neighbourhood of Calceutta. Presented. [44. 3. 4,
1-6.]

11 birds from Tenasserim and Burma. Presented. [62. 6. 29, 1-11.]

A man of enormous kuowledge, and one of the cleverest all-round
naturalısts of the Victorian era. His edition of Cuvier’s “ Regne Auimal”
is quite one of the best, as is also his edition of White’s “ Selborne.”
He was appointed Curator of the Indian Museum in Caleutta in 1841,
and worked there incessantly, without any furlough, for nearly twenty-

Birds. 315

tw» years, raising the position of his Museum to one of the first impor-
tauce.e From 1841 to 1864, his monthly reports published in the
“ Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal,” on the accessions received
by the Museum, were of the highest scientific quality, and often
contained monographic articles on certain groups of Mammals and Birds.
Shortly before retiring from the Ualcutta Museum he made a brief
excursion to Burma and Tenasserim.

[See Hume’s appreciation of his work in ‘Stray Feathers,’ vii.,
p- 528 (1878). Biography—‘ Ibis,’ 1874, p. 465; J.A.S.Beng., extra
no., 1875, pp. 1-167 ; Diet. Nat. Biog., v., p. 276.]

Blyth & Co. (Messrs.).
21 birds from British New Guinea. Purchased. [98. 5. 31, 1-21.]
Some rare species were in this collection, including an example of
Eulacestoma nigripectus, De Vis.

Boate (A.)
48 birds from Ceylon. Purchased. [76. 5. 31, 1-48.]

Bocage (Prof. BarB0zA DU), Director of the Lisbon Museum [q.v.].

Under the direction of Prof. Barboza du Bocage, a large amount of
scientifie exploration has been done in the Portuguese possessions in
Africa by means of collectors (Anchieta, F. Newton, etc.) Prof. Bocage
has always been a good friend to the British Museum, to which he has
presented many rare species of birds.

Bock (Carr).
See RamsAy, Colonel R. G. WARDLAW.
Collected in Sumatra for the late Marquess of Tweeddale. His book on
the “ Head-hunters of Borneo ” is a well-known work.

Bohndorff (F.).

E "Ss specimens from the Niam-Niam country. Purchased. [84.5.1

A most important collection, containing five new species and others
not previously in the Museum, of great value as showing the extension of
the purely West African Avifauna to the western watershed of the Nile.
New species described: Orateropus bohndorfi, Sigmodus mentalis, Pionias
erassus, (euthmochares intermedius, Syrnium bohndorfi (cf. Sharpe,
Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., 1834, pp. 419-441). Bohndorff had served in the
Sudan with Gordon, and returning from Dr. Junker’s expedition to the
Niam-Niam country, was nearly cut off by the Mahdi. He met Gordon
in the middle of the Korusko desert, as he was hurrying to his fate, and
was the last European who spoke to him. See my paper (l.c.).

17 birds from ıhe Congo River, including nine species new to the
collection. Purchased. [87. 8. 12, 1-17.

After his return from the Sudan, Bohndorff colleeted on the Congo
and in East Afıica. Some of his skins, subsequently obtained in the
Zanzibar district, were presented to the Museum by Emin Pasha.

Bombay Natural History Society.

15 Kalij Pheasants from Upper Burma. Received in exchange.
[1905. 1. 25, 231-248.]

A specimen of Podoces pleskei from Kain, Persia. Presented.
1905. 7. 20, 1.]

314 Zoology.

Bond (FRrEDERIC).

49 eegs of British birds. Presented. [58. 12. 3, 1-49.]

13 British birds and nests. Present«d. [73. 11. 7, 1-18.]

A hybrid between Dafila acuta and Anas boscas. Bequeathed.
[89. 12. 21.1.]

A Spotted Sandpiper (Tringoides macularius) from Kingsbury Reser-
voir, and other rare British-killed specimeus. [90. 5. 26, 1-11.] Purchased
at Mr. Bond’s sale at Stevens’s.

3 specimens bequeathed. A hybrid between a Pochard (Aythya
Ferina) and a Scaup Duck (Kuliyula marila), a hairy variety of the
Moorhen, and the only knowu British specimen of the Siberian Tihrush
cc 'ichloselys sibirica) from Surrey (cf. Howard Sauuders, Man. Brit. Birds,

2nd ed., p. 12, 1894). [90. 5.11, 1-3.]

One of the best known of the British school of naturalists, He had a
wonderful collection of British birds and Lepidoptera, some of the latter,
obtained by himself in past years, having nuw become extinct. In 1858
he gave many valuable specimens when “Mr. G. R. Gray was trying to
renovate the British exhibition series, and at his death left to the Museum
his British specimen of the Siberian Thrush and some other rare birds.
He had an extraordinary collection of albinos, which was dispersed by
auction after his death. [C/. Harting, Zoologist, 1899, pp. 401-422,
with portrait. ]

Bone (H.P.).

4 eggs of the Aquatic Warbler (Acrocephalus aquaticus) from the
Rhine Provinces. Presented. [1904. 10. 12, 1—4.]

Bonhote (J. Lewis).

14 embryos of birds in alcohol. Presented. [1900. 8. 11,1-8; 1901.
4.1,1-6 ] -

2 birds from the Bahamas, including the type of Mimus insularis.
199326220,01:3'99.'8..9,,68.]

Mr. Bonhote is well known for his explorations in the Bahama
Islands, of which he has given an interesting accountin the “ Avicultural
Magazine” (viii., pp. 2783-85; (2) i., pp. 19-24, 54-62, 87-95); and the
“ bis,” 1903, pp. 273-315.

Another important paper on migration as observed at the Bahama
lighthouses was published in the “ Auk” (vol. xx., pp. 169-179).

Boucard (ADoLPHE).

35 birds from Guatemala and Senegambia. Purchased. [72. 12. 12,
1-35.]

Some very interesting Aceipitrine birds from Guatemala, purchased
by Dr. Günther to aid me in the preparation of Vol. I. of the “ Catalogue
of Birds.” The specimens from Senegal were collected by the well-known
traveller-naturalist Leon Laglaize, who afterwards did splendid work in
New Guinea.

14 birds, chiefly from Laglaize’s Senegambian expedition, with a few
collected by "Olcese in Marocco. Purchased. [73. 4. 5, 1-10, 13-16.]

15 birds, chiefly Aceipitres, from Panama. Purchased. [73. 6. 28,
11-16; 74. 5. 19, 58-69.]

29 specimens of Owls from different localities. Purchased. [74. a
11-24; 75.1. 23, 1-15.]

61 birds from varions localities (Madagascar, Panama, China,

Birds. 315

Marocco, etc.) Purchased. [74. 10 12, 1-13; 74. 11. 11, 1-7; 75. 4. 20,
1-10; 75. 6. 24, 1-8; 75. 10. 15, 1-10; 75. 11. 6, 1-13.]

50 birds from Colorado, Central and South America. Purchased.
(76. 2. 29, 1-39; 76. 12. 15, 1-11.]

70 birds, 20 vew to the collection, from New Guinea, mostly collected
by Leon Laglaize, and Bruijn’s hunters. Purchased. [76. 12.17, 1-2;
78. 2. 9, 1-47; 78. 3. 29, 1-5; 80. 6. 8, 7-12; 88. 4. 3, 1-10.]

37 birds from Central America; two species being new to the
Collection. Purchased. [80. 12. 15, 1-37.]

40 starlings from Marocco. Purchased. [89. 1. 24, 1-40.]

148 birds from the Riocour collection. Purchased. [89. 5. 30,
1-148.]

Mr. Boucard acquired this celebrated collection, which contained many
of Vieillot’s types, and we went in company to see it in the museum attached
to the Chäteau of the Riocour family at Vitry, near Chälons. All the
birds were mounted, and among them were specimens of the Great Auk
and the extinct Starling of Mauritius (Fregilupus varius). This, and all
the tyjes of Vieillot that I could identify, were added to the Naticnal
Collection. The Chäteau, which had been occeupied by the Germans
during the war of 1370, had been but little damaged by them, and was a
beautiful place. The old servants were quite overcome with grief at
seeing the dismantlement of the museum, which had been valued as
a priceless possession by the ol Conite de Riocour. I have never seen a
collection more carefully protected from the glare of the sun, and the
specimens were all in first-rate condition, even though some had been
mounted for the best part of a century. The MSS. notes by Vieillot,
Bonaparte, Jules Verreaux and the Comte de Riocour himself were most
interesting. T'he transporting of the Fregilupus to England caused me
no little anxiety, seeing that it was infinitely more valuable than a Great
Auk, and I was „lad when I handed it into Dr. Günther’s custody, as I
had not quitted my hold of the case for some days and nights.

34 birds from Madagascar and the Comoro Islands. Purchased.
[90. 1. 30, 1-34.]

75 birds from the Molucca Islands, Australia and South America.
Purchased. [91. 2. 12, 1-75.]

Boucard’s early collections in Mexico were described by Dr. Sclater
(see P.Z.S., 1357, p. 226; 1858, p. 95, 294; 1859, p.369; 1860, p. 250).
He afterwards settled in London, and was a very successful agent, from
whom the Museum acquired some valuable collections, especially from
Ceutral America, New Guinea, and Madagascar. He made a special
study of Humming Birds, and published his own jonrnal, the “ Humming
Bird,” in which he wrote a monograph of the TZrochili. Gradually he
amassed a fine private collection of birds, all of which he presented to the
Paris Museum, where the Boucard Collection is kept separate, and is
invaluable for reference. He also prepared a hand-list of birds, which he
published as a “ Catalogus Avium.”

In 1904 he presented to the Paris Museum a second large collection of
birds, comprising many species not contained in his first donation, and he
was appointed Uurator of the Boucard Collection for his life, which
unfortunately was then near its close. He gave 10,000 specimens to the
U.S. National Museum at Washington, and about 8,000 more to the
museums of Lisbon and Madrid. An obituary notice of this excellent
naturalist appears in the “Ibis” for 1905, pp. 299, 300.

Boundary Commissions.
Afyhan Boundary Commission. ‚See AItcHIsox, J. E. T.

316 Zoology.

Anglo-German Boundary Commission. See DeuLm# - RADCLIFFE,
Colonel.
Perso-Baluch Boundary Commission. See BLANFORD, W,T.

Boundary Commissions, North American.

106 birds from British Columbia, collected by J. Keast Lord, Esg.
[60. 2. 23, 1-106.] Presented by the Foreign Oflice.

Mr. Lord appears to have remained in British Columbia for some
time after the Commission had finished its labours, for a fine collection
was presented by him in 1862 and 1863; it consisted of more than 400
specimens (ef. his book, “ The Naturalist in British Columbia”), and
others were presented by him to the Royal Artillery Institution at
Woolwich (ef. Whitely’s Catalogue, 1865).

300 birds and 77 eggs from the 49th parallel. Presented by the
Foreien Ofüce. [76. 4. 15, 1-300; 91. 2. 16, 1-77.]

The late Prof. George Dawson was the naturalist on the British staff
of the Comn:ission, and the late Prof. Elliot Coues on the American side.
See the Report by the latter (Bull. U.S. Geol. and Geogr. Survey, vol. iv.,
no. 3, pp. 545-662, 1878). Six species were at that time new to the
Museum collection.

Bourdillon (F.).

201 specimens from Travancore. Purchased. [80. 8. 19, 1-201.]

Mr. Bourdillon’s first collection made in the then little known proviuce
of Travancore was described by Mr. Hume in “Stray Feaıhers” (vii.,
pp- 33-9, 172, 524; ix., pp. 299, 300). His second collection was
purchased by the Museum, and so the whole results of his ornithologica
work have passed into the National collection.

Bourgeau (M.).
A collection of 25 eggs from North America. Presented. [60. 2. 6,
1-25.]

Bouvier (A.).

1 specimens from the Cape Verde Islands. Presented. [74. 1.16,
1-11.

15 specimens of Accipitres from Gaboon, Senegal, etc. Purchased.
[74. 1.12, 1-18]

34 specimens from Gaboon and Senegal. Presented. [74. 2. 11,
1-34.]

158 specimens from Gaboon, the Congo, and Kessang in the Malay
Peninsula. Purchased. [75. 6. 14, 1-76; 78. 2. 23, 1-82.]

6 types and 22 species new to the Museum were included in these
collections.

Bouvier was naturalist to the ill-fated French expedition to Mexico.
After vısiting the Cape Verde Islands, and making good collections, he
settled down in Paris as a natural history agent, and when I first visited
him at his house in the Quai des Grands Augustins, in 1376, he had quite
a large collection of birds. The idea of founding the Zoological Society of
France arose with Bouvier, and the meetings were at first held at his
flat. He promoted the expeditions of Marche to Senegambia, and those
of the Marquis de Compiegne and Marche to Gaboon, from which country
he received several fine specimens of Gorillas, Ko0lo0o-Kambas, aud
Chimpanzees, all of which I saw mounted in his house, before they passed
into the possession of the Museum of Science and Art in Dublin.

He also received the early collections of Dr. Lucan and Louis Petit

Dirds. 317

from the Lower Conzo; these were described by us conjointly in the
“ Bulletin de la Soeiete Zoologique de France,” I., pp. 36-53, 300-14, II.,
470-81, III., 73-80. Among the remarkable novelties were Scotopelia
bouvieri, Lophotriorchis lucani, Psalidoprocne petiti, etc. Most ot the
types from these collections are in the Brutish Museum, but my descriptions
of a certain number of new species were taken by Bouvier to Paris
after one of his visits to London, and published in his own name, a
proceeding I should not have resented, if the typical specimens from which
the diagnoses were derived had been sold, according to promise, to the
British Museum. This unfortunately was not the case, and the types
of some of them, such as Cistieola lundanz, exist somewhere to further
puzzle ornithologists, until their validity shall be established.

Bower (Capt. T. H. Bowver).

4 specimens from Queensland. Presented. [85. 11. 19, 1-4.]

192 specimens from N.W. Australia. Presented. [87. 5. 2, 1-192.]

Capt. Bowyer Bower presented the collection made by his son in the
Derby district of Northern Australia. Dr. E. P. Ramsay, the Director of
the Anstralian Museum, Sydney, published a list of the Derby collection
[Pr. Linn. Soc. N. S. Wales (2) II., pp. 165-73.] The young naturalist,
whom I knew personally, started in hopes of achieving great ornithological
results, and took with him as assistant Mr. Walter Burton, a first-rate
taxidermist. After a successful commencement, Mr. Bowyer Bower died
{rom fever, and Mr. Burton had the mournful task of bringing back to his
parents the body of the brave young explorer. "The collection was
beautıfully prepared, and, when presented by his father, proved a very
valuable acquisition to the Museum. ((f. Ibis, 1887, p. 479.)

Bowring (Sir J.).

31 birds from Egypt. Presented. [41. 1.14, 58-88.]
Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., vi., pp. 76-80.

Bradshaw (Dr.).

14 specimens from the neighbourhood of Upington, Orange River,

Presented. [82. 9. 21, 1-14.]
See also Davıs and SoPER.

During his furlough in England I met Dr. Bradshaw several times.
He was then a medical officer in the Frontier Police Force, stationed at
Upinston in the north of Cape Colony, and he was suffering from some
affection of the lower larynx. He had to rejoin in South Africa just as
he was beginning to feel better, aud died, as he had himself predicted to
me, very shortly after.

Not only was Dr. Bradshaw an excellent observer, but no man ever
made better skins of birds. He had been through Matabeleland to the
Zambesi, and had visited the Vietoria Falls. On this expedition he
made a fine collection of birds, which he seems to have consianed to a
London firm for disposal. Luckily the firm appealed to the Museam, and
we were able to acquire a series of Dr. Bradshaw’s specimens, and Capt.
Shelley bought the remainder, so that the early collections of this
excellent naturalist are now in the British Museum. Upfortunately the
collection was never labelled, and was sold as from the Zambesi River.
Dr. Bradshaw, however, told me that scarcely any specimens were
obtained on the river itself, and that his series of birds was almost with-
out exception from the Makalaka country.

He presented some specimens to the Cape Museum, and a few from

318 Zoology.

the Orange River were given by him to the British Museum during his
stay in England.

Brandt ( )

33 specimens from various parts of Russia, Siberia, and Central Asia.
Purchased. [42. 3. 14, 14-22; 42. 4. 26, 6-9; 44. 3. 14, 5-6; 45. 4,
21, 16-23; 45. 7. 22, 5-14.]

81 skeletons of birds from Chili. Purchased. [50. 11. 14, 1-38; 54,
1. 28, 1-10; 58. 11. 20, 1-33.]

Brandt was a well-known dealer in Hamburg, and (so I have been
told) a brother of Prof. Brandt, the Director of the Imperial Museum
in St. Petersburg. Through the latter he received for disposal many
duplicates from the expeditions of the Russian Government, and thus
the Museum was able to acquire many interesting specimens. Who
collected the Chilian skeletons of birds I have not been able to discover.

Branicki (Count).

10 specimens from Poland and 22 from Peru, including 9 species new
to the collection. Presented. [92. 12. 24, 1-32.]

13 specimens from Peru and Bolivia. Received in exchange. [1903.
10. 12, 1-13.] Contained several species new to the collection.

When Dr. Taczanowski was Director of the Warsaw Museum, the
two brothers, Counts Branicki, organised several expeditions to South
America, especially to Peru. Hence 'Taczanowski was able to write his
standard work, the “Ornithologie du Perou,” in furtherance of which he
visited England and the principal Museums of Europe. Mr. Jelski, who
had previously collected on the River Oyapock in Cayenne for the Maison
Verreaux, and Dr. Stulzmann were the naturalists selected, and both did
splendid work. Many of the duplicates passed into the Sclater and
Balvin-Godman collections. Afterwards Count Branicki decided to found
the Museum Branicki at Warsaw, of which Dr. Stolzmann is now the
Director, and the collections made by Kalinowski in Peru aud Ecuador
have been described by Count von Berlepsch and Dr. Stolzmann (P.Z.S.,
1896, pp. 322-88, pls. xiii. and xiv.; 1902, vol. ii., pp. 18-60).

Brazier (Jonn).

25 egss from New Britain and the Solomon Islands. Presented.
[74#. 11. 18, 38-62.]

Mr. Bıazier is prineipally -known as a Concholoeist, but on his
expeditions to the islands now known as the Bismarck Archipelago, he
was in the habit of collecting birds in spirits, which he sent to his friend
Gerard Krefft, the Director of the Sydney Museum, and the predecessor
of Dr. E. P. Ramsay. Mr. Krefft forwarded the collections to Dr. P.L.
Sclater at the Zoological Society (ef. P.Z.S., 1865, pp. 620-22, pl. xxxv.).

Breadalbane (Marquess of).

8 specimens of Tetrao urogallus and other Game-birds from Killin and
Tyndrum, N.B. Presented. [92. 12. 18, 1-8.]

4 Ptarmigan from Blackmount, Perthshire. Presented. [1905.

3:10,16]

Bremen, Geographical Society of.

222 birds from Siberia and Central Asia. Purchased. [78. 12. 21,
20-222.

This collection was the result of the expedition to Central Asia
prömoted by the Geographical Society of Bremen.

Birds. 319

The naturalists attached to the expedition were the celebrated German
zoologist, the late Dr. A. E. Brehm, Count Karl von Waldburg-Zeil-
Trauchburg, and Dr. Otto Finsch. "The latter well-known ornithologist
has written a memoir on the birds procured during the expedition (Verh.
z. b. Ges. Wien, xxix., pp. 128-280).

Brenchley (Jurıus).

135 birds from the islands of the Pacific Ocean. Presented. [70. 3.
31, 1-135.]

Mr. Brenchley accompanied Commodore Sir William Wiseman on his
voyage to the Pacific, and has embodied the results of the expedition in
the well-known work, “ I’he Cruise of the C'uracoa” (“ Birds,” pp. 354-94,
pls. 1-21). The collection presented by Mr. Brenchley was a truly
remarkable one and contained many species new to the Museum, among
them being the types of the following species: Astur albogularis, Gray,
Eurystomus solomonensis, Sharpe, @lyciphila flavotincta, Gray, Philemon
sclateri, Gray, Lalage banksiana, Gray, Ptilopus solomonensis, Gray,
Carpophaga brenchleyi, Gray, Rhipidura spilodera, Gray, and Megapodius
brenchleyi, Gray.

Brett (Capt.).
20 birds from Valparaiso. Presented. [46. 6. 12, 1-20.]

Brewer (Dr. T. M.).

8 skins and 5 nests of North American birds. Presented. [76. 7.1,
1-13.]

A celebrated American naturalist, author of “ North American Oöloay.”
He was also joint author, with Professors Baird and Ridgway, of the
History of North American Birds” and the “ Water Birds of North
America.”

Bridges (Thomas).
See Cumins, H.

60 birds from Chili. Purchased. [43. 7. 21, 1-50; 43. 7. 22, 2-11.]

271 birds from Bolivia. Purchased. [46. 9. 9, 1-271.]

In the early volumes of the “ Proceedings” of the Zovlogical Society
the name of Mr. Bridges frequently appears. His collections were subse-
quently disposed of, and many of his specimens are in the Derby Museum
at Liverpool. His first collections from Chile were described by Louis
Fraser (P.Z.S. 1843, pp. 108-121), but subsequent work from Panama
formed the subject of a paper by Dr. Sclater entitled, “ List of Mammals
and Birds collected by Mr. Bridges in the vicinity of the town of David,
in the province of Chiriqui, in the State of Panama” (P.Z.S., 1856, p. 138).
In 1857 Mr. Bridges was a 0.M.Z.S., and Dr. Sclater contributes a list of
birds collected by him iu the Valley of San Jose, in the State of California
(P.Z.S., 1857, p. 125). In the next year Mr. Bridges himself contributed
some “Notes on Ualifornian Birds” (P.Z.S., 1858, p. 1).

His important coliections in Chili and Bolivia do not seem to have
been described in their entirety, thoush some new species were named
alter him (Drymeornis bridyesi, etc.).

Briggs (Wıruıam), the Cookham Naturalist.
See SHARPE, R. POWDLER.

Briggs was head-gardener to Mr. De Vitr€ at Formosa, near Cookham.
He was a first-rate observer and taxidermist, and much esteemed by Mr.

320 Zoology.

Gould, who mentions his prowess on more than one occasion in his
“ Birds of Great Britain.”

He was my guide, philosopher, and friend in my early days, and
mounted all my birds for me. We were planning excursions to different
parts of the coast, when he died suddenly of heart disease: he lies
buried in Cookham churchyard. When I was appointed to the Museum,
one of my first acts was to present my entire collection of Britich birds
in the name of my old friend, so that he should be connected with the
national museum of his native couutry, of which he was certainly one
of the best field ornithologists. Among this collection, mounted by Briegs,
are all the birds procured by me as a boy, the first specimen ever shot by
me being a Wryneck. It would be diflicult, under the present altered
conditions of the T'hames, to find now the birds which were to be met
with in the days of Briggs and myself forty years ago.

British Association for the Advancement of Science.

66 birds from Sokotra, collected by Prof. I. Bayley Balfour (g.v.).
Presented. [81. 3. 21, 1-66.]

103 birds from the T’enimber Islands, collected by Dr. H. O. Forbes.
Presented. [83. 5. 30, 1-103.]

75 birds from Kilimanjaro, collected by Sir Harry Johnston, K.C.B.,
G.C.M.G. Presented. [85. 6. 14, 1-75.] x

35 birds from the Uamaroons, collected by Sir Harry Johnston,
K.C.B., G.C.M.G. Presented. [87. 3. 7, 1-35.]

The British Association, in coujunction wıth the Royal Society and
the Royal Geographical Society, has often contributed funds for the
support of exploration. All the expeditions mentioned above were of
the greatest service to zoological science.

Among Professor Baltour’s discoveries in Sokotra was the wonderful
new genus of Finches (Arhynchostruthus socotranus), and many other
novelties described by Dr. Hartlaub aud Dr. Sclater (P Z.S., 1881, pp.
953-9, pl. Ixvii.).

Dr. Forbes’ expedition to the Tenimber Islands, full of difficulty and
danger, shared in tlıe most heroie manner by his wife, resulted in the
discovery of 26 species new to the Museum, of which 21 were also new
to science. [(f. Sclater, P.Z.S., 1883, pp. 48-58, pls. xi.-xiv.; Forbes,
“ Naturalist's Wanderings in the Malay Archipelaco.”]

Sir Harry Johnston’s exploration of Mount Kilimanjaro resulted in
the acquisition of eleven species new to the Museum, of which six were
previously unknown (Museicapa johnstoni, Pratincola awillarıs, Cinnyris
mediocris, Nectarinia johnstuni, N. kilimansis, and Pinarochroa hypos-
podia). [Cf. Shelley, P.Z.S., 1884, pp. 554-8, pl. li.; 1885, pp. 222-30,
pls. xiii. and xiv.]

The exploration of the Camaroons mountains in West Africa by the
same naturalist resulted in the discovery of four new species cf birds
(Poliopicus johnstoni, Laniarius atroflavus, Psalipeprocne fuliginosa,
Ploceus melanogaster. [Cf. Shelley, P.Z.S., 1887, pp. 122-6, pls. xii.
and xiv.]

Broadbent (Krxpar).
See GERRARD, FE.

A well known Australian collector, who has also visited New Guinea.
[Cf. Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., xiii., pp. 486-505. ]

He was the discoverır of Sphenura broudbenti, une of the most
interesting of recent discoveries in Australia. Of this the Museum has
only recently acquired a specinen presented by Mr. Kubert Hall.

Birds. 321

Brooke (Basır).
See GERRARD, E.; SHARPE, R. BOWDLER.

A younger brother of Sir Victor Brooke. Visited with his wife the
island of Sardinia on more than one occasion, and discovered there the
small Peresrine Falcon which I named Falco brookei | Ann. and Mag.
Nat. Hist. (4) xi., pp. 20, 222, 1873], and which is now identified with
Falco punicus, the Mediterranean Peregrine.e An excellent paper on
the birds of Sardinia was published by him in the “Ibis” for 1873
(pp. 143-55, 235-48, 3355-49). He died young, during a visit to
Mexico, and his collection was dispersed. Some of the most interesting
birds were purchased from Mr. Gerrard, and others were bought by
myself and presented to the Museum.

Brooke (H.H. Sir James), Rajah of Sarawak.

104 specimens from Singapore and Sarawak. Presented. [45. 10. 2,
11-15; 45. 10. 2, 1-25; 50. 10. 24, 1-74.]

Early collections from the Malay Peninsula and Borneo, presented by
the first Rajah of Sarawak.

Brooke (H.H. Sir CHArL£s J.), Rajah of Sarawak.
2 specimens of Spilornis, one being the type of $. raja, Sharpe.
Presented. [1905. 12. 3, 1-2.]

Brown (Rev. G.).
See GERRARD, E.

Mr. Brown was a missionary who collected in New Britain, Duke
of York Island, etc. His collections were described by Dr. Sclater,
(P.Z.S., 1877, pp. 96-114, pls. xiv.-xvi.; 1878, pp. 289-90, 670-673,
pl. xli.; 1879, pp. 446-451, pl. xxxvii.; 1830, pp. 65-67, pl. viii.; with
nineteen new species.)

The early collections were purchased by the Marquis of Tweeddaie,
and after the death of the latter, the remainder were acquired by the
Museum throush Mr. Edward Gerrard.

Brown (J. A. Harvır).
See HARVIE-BROwNn.

Brownlow (Earl).

A Peacock (Pavo cristatus var. nigripennis), died in confinement,
Presented. [1904. 5.7, 1.]

Bruijn (J.).

See BoucARD, A.

Brusina (Professor SPIRIDION).

24 birds from Croatia. Presented. [89. 12. 20, 1-12; 91. 6. 5,
1-12.]

Prof. Brusina is the historian of the birds of his native country. He
has presented specimens of his new Croatian Shag (Phalacrocoras
croaticus) to the Museum.

Brussels (Royal Museum of Natural History).
62 birds from Belgium. Presented. [73-6. 7, 1-62.]
When preparing my first volume of the “ Catalogue of Birds,” I made
an excursion to various foreign Museums to examine types of rare species
VOL. II. Y

322 Zoology.

of Aceipitres. At that time the Museum was without any series of
continental species, and my amiable and talented colleague, Dr. Dubois,
presented an interesting collection of Belgian birds, which I brought
hume with me.

Bryant (Mrs.).

66 birds from the West Indian Islands. Presented. [70. 4. 12,
1-66.]

Dr. Bryant, who was a well-known American ornithologist, made col-
lections in the Bahamas, Jamaica, Porto Rico, and other West Indian
Islands, and at his death his widow distributed his collection berween
various Museums, such as the Smithsonian Institution, the British
Museum, and the private collections of Dr. Sclater, Messrs. Salvin and
Godman, etc. 'T'he specimens received by the British Museum were then,
and are still at the present day, extremely valuable, and the intentions of
the broad-minded naturalist who gave them have been fully appreciated.

Buck (WALTER J.).
6 specimens of the Great Bustard (Otis tarda) from Andalusia. Pre-
sented. [89. 12. 16, 1-6.]

Buckley (T. E.).

20 birds from the Transvaal. Presented. [74. 4. 16, 1-13; 74. 5.15,
1-7.]

Mr. Buckley accompanied Capt. Shelley on an expedition to the Gold

Coast, and discovered a new Lark (Calandrella buckleyi) on that

occasion (cf. “ Ibis,” 1372, pp. 281-93).

He afterwards visited Matabeleland and Swaziland (ef. “Ibis,” 1874,
pp- 355-91). His Swaziland collection forms still the only foundation of
our knowledge of the Avifauna of this part of South Africa.

Mr. Buckley ultimately disposed of his collection to his old friend
Captain Shelley, and with the Shelley Coilection the whole of it has
passed into the British Museum. In conjunction with Mr. Harvie-Brown,
he wrote several valuable works on the ernithology of Scotland and
its isles, e.g. the ‘ Vertebrate Fauna of Sutherland, Caithness, and West
Cromarty,’ Edinburgh, 1887; do. Outer Hebrides, Edinburgh, 1883;

do.of Arsyll and the Inner Hebrides, Edinburgh, 1892; do. of the Moray °

Basin, Edinburgh, 1895.

Bugle (Capt.).
36 birds from Demerara. Purchased. [99. 2. 7, 1-36.]

Bullen (Rev. R. AsnıngTton).
2 birds from the Shire River, Zambesi. Presented. [1904. 9. 5, 1, 2.]

Buller (Sir WALTter Lawry), D.Se., F.R.S.

3 specimens (Platycercus alpinus and Larus bulleri) new to the
collection. Presented. [72. 11.22, 1, 2; 72.12. 21,1.

1 young Megapodius pritchardi, Nuia Foou Isl., Tonga group. Pre-
sented. [1904. 7. 29, 1.]

5 birds from Axim, W. Africa. Presented. [1905. 1. 22, 1-5.]

Sir Walter Buller is the historian of the Avifauna of New Zealand, his
native country, and two editions of his great work have been published

by him. The collections on which his history is based are in the

Rothschild Museum at Tring.

Birds. 323

Bullock (D. S.).
30 birds from Chile. Purchased. [1905. 4. 12, 1-30.]

Bullock-Webster (Rev. G. R.).
A specimen of Syrnium funereum from British Columbia. Presented.
[1905. 6. 27, 1.]

Burbidge (F.).
See VEITCH, H.

Mr. Burbidge was a botanical collector, who travelled in the East for
Messrs. Veitch. He was at the same time a govd ornithological observer,
and when in N.W. Borneo he ascended the slopes of Mount Kina Balu,
went up the Lawas River, and visited the Sulu islands, where he dis-
covered a new Parrot (Tanygnathus burbidgei). His collection was
described by me (P.Z.S., 1879, pp. 245-9).

Burls (H. T.).
160 birds from Buxton Co., West Virginia. Presented. [1906.
1. 20, 1-168.]

Burmeister (H.).
8 birds from the Argentine Republic. Purchased. [72,. 5. 31, 1-8.]
The Director of the Buenos Aires Museum and author of the “ T’hiere
Brasiliens” and the “Reise durch die La Plata-Staaten, mit besonderer
Rücksicht auf die physische Beschaffenheit und den Culturzustand der
Argentinischen Republik.” He discovered a new species of Seriama which
has been named after him Chunga burmeisteri.

Burnett (Sir W.) and Fitzroy (Admiral).

183 specimens from various parts of South America. [37. 2. 21,
231-417; 37. 3.15, 1.]

These specimens were collected by Admiral Fitzroy, a celebrated
meteorologist of his time (cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., vii., p. 414). Sir Wm.
Burnett was the King’s physician, and what he had to do with the
presentation of a collection made by the Admiral, I have never been able
to discover.

Burrows (Capt. Guy).

31 specimens [rom the Aruwhimi River, Upper Congo. Purchased.
[1902. 5. 3, 1-31.] i

Among many other interesting specimens, one of Dryotriorchis
batesi, the West African Serpent-Eagle, is the most noteworthy.
Tne collection acquired by the Museum is but a small portion of that
formed by Capt. Guy Burrows, only one box having reached England
out of several forwarded to Antwerp for transmission to this country.
[Cf. “ Land of the Pigmies, etc.,” London, 1898.]

Burton (CHaArıes).
39 birds in spirit from S. Australia. Presented. [96. 9. 16, 1-39.]
One of the sons of Henry Burton, a well-known taxidermist of
Wardour Street, to whom many specimens of Osbert Salvin’s youthful
collections were due. All the sons were clever taxidermists.

Burton (Sir RıcHArD).
16 birds from Camaroons and Fernando Po. Presented. [62. 6. 22,
83; 62. 12.1, 8-23; 62. 11. 28, 1.]
Y2

324 Zoology.

5 birds from Midian. [78. 8. 20, 1-5.]

35 birds from the Aukobra River, Wasa, Gold Coast. [82. 6. 12, 1-35.]

From Sir Richard Burton, the famous traveller and Orientalist, the
Museum received its first collections from the Camaroons, with some new
sjecies (Serinus burtoni, Cullene isabell, etc.) described by G. R. Gray
(Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) x., pp. 443-445).

In conjunetion with Capt. Cameron he went to the Gold Coast, and
the two explorers presented a small collection from the Wasa district.
[Cf. “ Life of Sir Richard Burton.” By his wife, Isabel Burton; 2 vols.,
1893.]

Burton (WALTER).
Another son of Henry Burton.
See BowYER BoWER.
Bury (G. W.).
See ÖGILVIE-GRANT, W. R.; GERRARD, E.

166 specimens from Southern Arabia. Purchased. [1902. 12. 12,
1-82; 1902. 12. 13, 1-84; 1903. 8. 12, 1-244.]

Mr. Bury was the Political Agent on the Aden Hinterland frontier, and
has for some years past been exploring parts of Southern Arabia, where
his knowledge of Arabic dialects has enabled him to travel as a native,
During these expeditions he has made some collections of birds, which
have been described by Drs. Lorenz and Hellmayr (Denkschr. Akad. Wien,
Ixxi., pp. 103-21, Taf. 1; Bull. B. O. C., xii., p. 80; xiii., p. 21) and by
Mr. Ogilvie-Grant. His most notable discoveries have been a new species
of Rhynchostruthus, Fringillaria tdthalz, Serinus rothschildi, ete. [Cf.
Grant, Nov. Zool., vii., pp. 243-273, 591, pl. x.]

Butcher (S.).

108 specimens of birds and eggs from the Persian Gulf. Presented.
[94. 11. 13, 1-108.]
Butler (A.L.).

2 birds from Kordofan. Presented. [1904. 6. 12, 1-2.]

2 Ptilopachus fuscus young from Kordofan. Presented. [1904.7.6,1-2.]

Son of Colonel A. E. Butler, and, like his father, a first-rate preserver
of mammals and birds. He has worked chiefly in the upper regions of

Egypt and the Nile, and has contributed to the “Ibis” for 1895 an.

important paper on the ornithology of the Egyptian Soudan (cf. “ Ibis,”
1905, pp. 301-401). He is now Superintendent of Game Preservation
under the Egyptian Government.
Butler (Arthur GARrDINER), Ph.D.

A Java Sparrow (Padda oryzivora), pied variety, bred in confine-
ment. [1904. 2. 5,1.]

2 Weaver-Finches (Quelea quelea, Teniopygia castanotis), bred im
confinement. Presented. [1904. 3. 1,1; 1904. 5. 8, 1.]

A young Diamond Dove (Geopelia cuneata), died in captivity. Pre-
sented. [1905. 7. 29, 1.]

A white variety of the Common Robin (Zrithacus rubecula). Pre-
sented. [1905. 9. 21, 1.]

Butler (Col. E. A.).

70 birds from Mount Abu, Western India. Presented. [89. 1. 9,
1-70.]
9 birds from Suffolk. Presented. [98. 1. 27, 1-9.]

Birds. 325

Colonel Butler is one of the most artistice preservers of specimens that
I have ever known, every single skin of his collections having been
prepared with the most scrupulous care. His entire Indian series, save a
few skins which he presented direct to our Museum, passed into the
hands of Mr. Allan Hume, and some important papers were published
on the collections (“ Stray Feathers,” iii., pp. 437-500 ; ix., pp. 367-442).

During the first Boer War he served with his reximent in Natal, aud
made a collection of birds, now in the Shelley collection. Interesting
notes on these birds were published in the “Zoologist” for 1882 (pp.
165-460).

Colonel Butler has also published two very useful memoirs, viz.,
“ Oatalogue of the Birds of Sind, Cutch, ete.,” 1879 (pp. 1-83), “ Catalogue
of the Birds of the southern portion of the Bombay Presidency,” 1880
(pp. 1-114).

Büttikofer (Dr. J.).
See FRANK, G. A.

A Swiss naturalist, who was for some years attached to the Leyden
Museum as Professor Schlegel’s ornithological assistant. He has travelled
extensively in Liberia, where, after euduring great hardships, he procured
a fine collection of nıammals and birds Irom this region of West Africa.
From this celebrated exploration the British Museum obtained a few
duplicates through the agency of Mr. G. A. Frank (cf. Büttikofer
“ Reisebilde,” 2 vols., published in 1890).

He also conducted an expedition into the mountains of Dutch N.W.
Borneo (cf. Notes, Leyden Museum, vii., viii., x., X1., Xil.). He is now
the Director of the Zoological Gardens at Rotterdam.

Buxton (Re. H. F.).
68 birds from Mombasa. Presented. [82. 12.3, 1-68.]

Calcutta Museum.
See InpıaA MUSEUM, CALCUTTA ; ANDERSON, DR. JOHN; etc.

Cambridge (F. ©. PıckArn).

See AUSTEN, E. C.
20 specimens from the River Amazon. [96. 5. 12, 1-20.]

Cameron (FR. S.).
12 Birds of Preyand Ducks from Montana. [91. 7.18, 1-9; 91. 8. 13,
1-3.]
'!'he series includes very interesting specimens, the various plumages
of Buteo swainsoni, etc.
Cameron (Capt.).
‚See BURTON, SIR RICHARD.

Campkell (©. W.), H.B.M. Consul in Corea.

96 birds from Corea. Presented. [91. 10.13, 1-75; 91.10. 19, 1-21.]

52 birds from the neighbourhood of Pekin. [1901. 5. 20, 1-52.]

Of. Seebohm, “Ibis,” 1894, p. 338. Suthora longicauda, and other
species described. The collection forms part of the Seebohm Bequest to
the British Museum.

Campbell (W. McOran.).
3 young Iceland Falcons. Presented. [1901. 9. 4, 1; 1903. 4. 9,

326 Zoology.

Canada, Government of.

27 specimens from Canada. [90. 3. 13, 1-27.]

These were some of the birds exhibited in the Imperial Institute by
the Canadian Government.

Carruthers (D.).

5 birds from Canada and a Goldfinch from Malta. Presented. [1905.
9. 23, 1-5.]

S8 birds from the Syrian Desert, including the type of Emberiza
eitriniventris, Sclater. Purchased. [1905. 10.11, 1-88.]

Carter (Ton).

9 birds, including 4 species new to the Museum, from Western Australia,
Presented. [1900. 5. 3, 1-8; 1901. 1. 24, 1.]

630 esgs of Australian birds. Purchased. [1903. 11. 4, 1-613.]

Mr. Carter is the discoverer of several new species in Western Australia
(Eremiornis carteri, Thalassogeron carteri, etc.).

Cassels (Capt. KEnNeErT).
A Tragopan (Ceriornis blythi) from Manipur. Presented. [1904.
4. 22, 1.]

Cavendish (H. S. H.).

53 specimens from Mozambique. Presented. [98. 11. 18, 1-53.]

On this expedition Mr. Cavendish was accompanied by Mr. E. Dodson
as his assistant. A new species of Weaver Finch (Zstrilda cavendishi)
was discovered, and a Swallow (Psalidoproene percivali) was new to the
collection; cf. Sharpe, Ibis, 1900, pp. 109-115.

Mr. Cavendish’s exploration of the Lake Rudolf region is described
in the Geographical Journal, xi., No. 4, pp. 372-396 (1898).

Cavendish Taylor (E.).

See TAYLOR.

Cazalet (Rev. A.).

2 Finches from Russia. Presented. [1905. 6. 23, 1-2.]

2 specimens of the Rose-coloured Pastor and Gouldian Finch.
Presented. [1905. 7. 7, 1-2.]

2 Weaver Finches. Presented. [1905. 9. 14, 1-2.]

Challenger, Voyage of H.M.S.

1172 specimens of birds, skeletons and eres. Presented by the Lords
of the Treasury. [80. 11. 18, 1-795; 80. 12. 3, 1-226; 81. 4. 16, 4-8;
82. 6. 23,1; 84. 2.29, 1-31; 90. 5.5, 1-18; 90. 11. 3, 1-21; 98.7.5
1-15.]

T'he results of this celebrated voyage have been recorded in the
volumes of the “Challenger Expedition.” Vol. ii. deals with the
ornithological collections, which were placed in the hands of Dr. Sclater
for description. 31 species of birds were added to the British Museum,
including the types of 12 new species.

Of. Tweeddale, “Rep. Sci. Results Voy. Challenger,” ii., Zool., Birds,
pp- 5-25, pls. i.-vi. (1880). Philippine Islands.

Sclater, tom. eit., pp. 25-34, pls. vii.-xi. Admiralty Islands.

Finsch, tom. eit., pp. 34-58, pls. xii.-xvii., Tongatabu, the Fiji Islands,
Api (New Hebrides), and Tahiti.

Birds. 327

Salvadori, tom. eit., pp. 58-83, pls. xviii.-xx. Ternate, Amboyna,
Banda, the Key Islands aud the Aru Islands.

Forbes (W. A.), tom. eit., pp. 81-93, Cape York, Australia, and the
neighbouring islands (Raine, Wednesday, and Booby Islands).

Sclater, tom. eit., pp. 93-99, pls. xxi. and xxii., Sandwich Islands.

Selater and Salvin, tom. cit., pp. 99-109, Antarctic America.

Sclater, tom. eit., pp. 110-117, pls. xxiii. and xxiv., Atlantic Islands
and Kerguelen Island, and on the miscellaneous collections obtained
during the voyage.

Sclater and Salvin, tom. eit., pp. 117-132, pls. xxv.-xxx., Steganopodes
and Impennes collected duriug the Expedition.

Saunders, tom. eit., pp. 133-140. Luridz collected during the Expe-
dition.

Salvin, tom. eit., pp. 140-149. Procellariidz collected during the
Expedition.

ÄPPENDIKX,

Sclater, “ List of birds’ eggs obtained during the Challenger Expedition,”
tom. eit., pp. 150-152.

Garrod, A. H., ““ Note on the gizzard and other organs of Carpophaga
latrans,” tom. eit., pp. 152-154.

Watson, M., “Report on the anatomy of the Spheniscide collected
during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger,” op. eit., vii., pp. 1-244, pls.
i.-xix. (1883).

Chamberlain (NEviLLe).

45 specimens from the Bahama Islands. Presented. [96.8.19, 1—45.]

A son of the Risht Hon. Joseph Chamberlain, and an enthusiastic
student of zoology. The collection presented by Mr. Neville Chamberlain
was of great value to the Museum, which had but a poor collection from
the Bahama Islands.

Chamberlain (WALTER).

A specimen of Rhipidura preissö from King George’s Sound, W.
Australia, new to the collection. Preseuted. [91. 11. 9. 1.}

M:. Walter Chamberlain is a younger brother of the Right Hon.
Joseph Chamberlain. He has collected in the Fiji Islands and Australia.

Chambers (Capt.).

126 specimens from Port Essington, N. Australia. [42. 1.13, 1-120;
42.1. 15, 4-9.]

Mostly from Port Essington. At that time this collection must have
been of great interest, but of the new species not one appears to have been
named by Mr. Gould after the explorer who had taken the trouble to
collect them.

Chapman (Aser).

Nestling of Syrnium aluco, from Northumberland. Presented.
[1904. 5. 10, 1.]

A specimen of the Common Eider Duck (Somateria mollissima) from
Holy Island. Presented. [1905. 4. 13, 1.]

Mr. Abel Chapman is a very well-known field-naturalist, and is
celebrated !or his discovery of the nesting of the Flamingo in Southern
Spain (“ Ibis,” 1884, pl. i-iv., pp. 66-99). C/. also his works, “ Wild
Spain” and “ Wild Norway.”

328 Zoolegy.

Charlton (Major).
27 birds from the Malay Peninsula. Presented. [46. 3. 4, 10-36.]
This collection was described by T.C. Eyton (Ann. and Mag. Nat.
Hist., xvi., pp. 227-230). The genus Philentoma was instituted, and
16 species were described as new, among them Arboricola charltuni, &
fine species of Hill Partridge, since also fvund in N.W. Bornev.

Chaves (Major).
See Poxta DELGADA MUSEUM (AZORES).

Cheetham (G. H.).

9 specimens from Stornoway. Presented. [1900. 1. 16, 1-9.]

Mr. Cheetham accompanied Mr. R. M. Hawker ou his expeditions to
the Sudan (cf. “ Ibis,” 1902, pp. 293-170).

The two friends were in the habit of shooting together in Scotland,
and during an excursion to the Hebrides in 1900 they sent tothe Museum
a few birds trom Stornoway.

Chevalier (C.).

14 birds from Aden. Presented. 86. 11. 20, 11-19; 89. 3. 2,
175-179.]

Mr. Chevalier was for a long time the superintendent of the Eastern
Telegraph Company at Aden, and devoted much of his time to the study
of natural history. He was one of the first Euglishmen to send home
specimens from South Arabia.

Chill (W.N.).
One of Mr. Hume’s collectors in the Delhi district. He made large
collections of birds and eggs. |

Cholmley (A. J.).

3 specimens from the neighbourhood of Suakin. Presented. [97. 10.
15, 1-3.]

Mr. Cholmley made an interesting collection in Suakin, and presented
to the Museum the type of Ammedperdix cholmleyi, Grant (Haudb.
Game-birds, vol. ii., p. 293), and an example of Sawieolu wanthoprymna,
new to the Museum. An account of his expedition has been published
by Mr. Cholmley in the “ Ibis” for 1897 (pp. 196-209).

Christian (J.).
10 birds from the Pelew Islands. Purchased. [99. 5. 18, 1-10.]

Christiania Museum (Prof. Rogerr COLLETT, Director).

195 birds from Norway. Presented and exchauged. [84. 11. 1,
1-43; 86. 3. 19, 1-9; 86. 11. 19, 8-22; 88.12.7, 1-17; 89. 1. 16, 185
92. 5. 5, 1-11.]

33 birds from Hawaii collected by V. Knudsen. [90. 10. 3, 1-19
95. 10. 16, 1-14.]

For many years Professor Collett has been a staunch friend of the
British Museum, and he has always procured and presented any specimens
required for the work of the “Catalugue of Birds.” The collection of
Kırudsen’s duplicates from Hawaii was a very valuable addition to our
series, and contained eight species new to the Museum.

Christy (Dr. CuTHBERT).

27 lirds and eggs from Upper Nigeria. Presented. [99. 8. 8, 1-23;
99.9. 7,1-4.]

Birds. 329

64 birds and eggs from Uganda. Presented. [1903. 5. 11, 1-64.]

75 birds from Chagwe, W. Uganda. Presented. [1906.1. 21, 1-75.]

Dr. Christy bas found time occasionally to procure a few birds for the
Museum during his travel. He has described his collections from
St. Domingo in the “ Ibis ” for 1897 (pp. 317-343).

Chubb (C.).
See REYNoLDSs, H.

Mr. Chubb has been associated with my work in the British Museum
for the past twenty-two years, in fact ever since the Natural History
collections were transferred from Bloomsbury to Kensington. By incessant
work inside the Museum and by devoting all his private time to the
study of birds, he has acquired a knowledge of the class Aves which has
been of the greatest assistance to myself and ornithologists visiiing the
Museum, while his knowledge of ornitholosical literature is probably
unrivalled. He has been of the greatest help to me in the preparation
of the concluding volumes of the “ Cataiogue of Birds,” and has assisted
me wmaterially for several years in the compilation of the “ Zoological
Record.” Mr. Chubb prepared the “ List of the Bırds of Uganda ” for Sir
Harry Johnston’s great work on that country. He has also written a
Synopsis and Index to the contents of the eleven volumes of “ Stray
Feathers.”

Churchill (W. A.).
31 specimens from Mozambique. Presented. [97. 2. 26, 1-31.]

Clarke (Epwarp).
104 specimens from Mashonaland. Purchased. [1900. 2. 12, 1-104.]

Clarke (Major R. STEPHENSON).

11 birds from Bloemfontein. Presented. [1903. 3. 8, 1-11.]

T'hese donations form-d part of a very interesiing collection made by
Major Stephenson Clarke during the last Boer war. A new Weaver
Finch has been named after him by Capt. Shelley, Sporzginthus clarkei
(ee Bull. B. ©. C,, ziv., p. 75).

Claussen (M.).
230 specimens from Brazil. Presented. [44.3.7,12-19; 44. 11. 7,1-222.]
Dr. Olaussen is mentioned in the History of the Collections (Geology,
p- 278) as having explored in Minas Geraes. He gave the Museum
some interesting birds, which were for many years almost the only
Brazilian birds it possessed.
Coale (H. K.).

60 birds from Arizona and other parts of North America. Presented.
[87. 1. 24, 1-60.]

An active American naturalist, from whom the Museum received
several interesting species. Many ot his skins are in the Sclater Collection.

Cobbold (Major R. P.).

17 birds from Abyssinia collected by Mr. Zaphiro. [1903. 12. 18,
119-135.]
Coburn (F.).

7 specimens from Northern Iceland. Presented. [1902. 6. 13, 1-7.]
Mr. Coburn made a most successful visit to Iceland a few years ago.

330 Zoology.

He has described his trip in the pages of the “Zoologist” (1901,
pp. 401-419), and a note on his c«llection is published in the “ Bulletin ”
of the British Ornithologists’ Club (xiı., pp. 14, 15). He found the
American Wigeon (Mareca americana) breeding in Iceland, and I also
described the Iceland Redwing, of which Mr. Coburn brought three
specimens all preeisely alike, as Z’urdus coburni.

Cochrane (J. H.).

A companion of Canon Tristram during the latter’s visit to Palestine.

Cockburn (J.).

One of Mr. Hume’s collectors, who did good work in Assam.
Cockburn (Miss).

A correspondent of Mr. Hume, to whom this lady sent many
interesting birds and eggs from the Nilghiri Hills.

Cockerell (J. T.).

13 birds from the Solomon Islands and New Guinea. Purchased.
[84. 1. 19, 1-13.]

The Cockerells were well-known Australiau collectors, aud made
beautiful skins of birds. The elder was a correspondent of John Gould’s,
and he made a fine collection of Australiau bırds, the bulk of the speeimens
being from Queenslaud. His collection was seut for sale to England and
was sold by Mr. Higgins to Dr. F. D. Godman, who presented ıhe whole
of it to the British Museum in 1881. Many birds from the Cape York
Peninsula, collected by Messrs. Övckerell and 'I'horpe, were also sold in
this country from time to time.

J. T. Cockerell, jun., collected in the Solomon Islands, and out of the -
thirteen specimens acquired in 1884, seven were new to the National
Collection, including the type of Myiagra ferrocyanea.

Cohen (J.).
‚See GERRARD, E.
Mr. Cohen collected in the Pelew Islands, and nearly every specimen
purchased from Mr. Gerrard represented a species new to the Museum.

Collett (Prof. RoBErr).

See CHRISTIANIA MUSEUM.

Collinson (Admiral Sir RıcHArn).

88 birds from the Arctic Seas. Presented. [55. 7. 11, 1-88.]

20 eggs of birds from Cambridge Bay. Presented. [91. 3. 13, 1-20.]

This collection, made during the voyage of H.M.S. Enterprise, cou-
tained specimens uf the Arctic Peregrine (Falco peulei) and other interestiug
birds. No account of it was ever prepared. Capt. Collinson, as he then
was, was also attached to the Voyage ot the Sulphur.

Cf. Dict. Nat. Biogr. xi., p. 383.
Coltart (.Dr.).

7 birds from the inner hill-ranges of Assam. Purchased. [1904.
7. 24, 1-7.]
Conyngham (NMrs.).

56 specimens of British birds, mostly from Torquay. Presented.
[81. 8. 5, 1-56.]

These birds were beautifully mounted, and were useful in supple-
menting our series in the public galleries.

Birds. 338

Conrad (Capt.).
See SHARPE, R. BOWDLER.

Capt. Conrad’s collection from Siam and other parts of the Malay
Archipelago and the China Seas was described by Dr. Otto Finsch.
The collection was offered for sale, and I bought it during a visit to
Germany and presented it to the Museum.

Comrie (Surgeon), R.N.

27 eggs from Ascension Island. Presented. [82. 6. 18, 1-27.]

Dr. Comrie was a naval surgeon wlıo took great interest in natural
history, and was the discoverer of the splendid Manucode from Huon Gulf
named after him Manucodia comriei (cf. Sclater, P.Z.S., 1876, p. 459,
pl. xlii).

Conway (Sir MARTIN).

23 birds from Lake liticaca and other localities in the Andes. Pre-

sented. [99. 10. 4, 1-23.]

Cookson (Commander W. E.).

13 specimens from the Galapagos Archipelago (Charles and Albemarle
Islands). Presented. [76. 7. 21, 1-13.]

When in command of H.M.S. Peterel Commander Cookson was directed
to proceed to the Galapagos by Admiral the Hon. A. A. Cochrane, and the
results of his fortnight’s stay in the Archipelago were published by
Dr. Günther in the “ Proceedings of the Zoological Society ” for 1877

(pp- 64-68).
Cooper (Sir DanıEL).
96 birds from Australia. Presented. [56. 3. 14, 1-96.]

Coppinger (Dr. R. W.).

91 skins and skeletons of birds from the Straits of Magellan and
Western Patagonia, obtained during the voyage of H.M.S. Alert. Presented
by the Lords of the Admiralty. [80. 8. 3, 1-79; 83. 10. 25, 1-12.]

176 specimens from various localities, Tongatabu, Torres Straits,
Glorioso and, Aldabra Islands, etc. Presented by the Lords of the
Admiralty. [31. 9. 26, 1-19; 82. 2. 18, 1-157.]

The first collection was described by me in 1881 (cf. P.Z.S., 1881,
pp- 6-18). The account of the other collections is embodied in the volume
on the voyage of H.M.S. Alert, published by the Trustees of the British
Museum. A new species of Turtle Dove (Turtur coppingeri) was
discovered by him in Glorioso Island.

Dr. Coppinger was an excellent collector, and gained his first experience
with Colonel Feilden in the Alert during Sir George Nares’ expedition to
the Arctic regions in 1875-76.

Of. Coppinger, “Cruise of the Alert,” 1883.

Cottle (W.).

23 specimens from the island of Nevis, W. Indies. Presented.
[39. 5. 30, 1-10; 40. 5. 13, 1-10; 41. 6, 995-997.]

I have never discovered who Mr. Cottle was, but his small collection
is still the only one which has reached the Museum from Nevis.

Coues (Prof. Eruıor).

One of the greatest of American ornithologists and a first-rate field-
nafuralist. Many specimens obtained by him are in the Henshaw
Collection.

See also BOUNDARY COMMISSION, NORTH AMERICAN.

332 Zoology.

Cowan (Rev. W. Deans).
See Hıcaıns, W.; Harrıns, J. E.

529 skins and skeletons of birds and eggs from the province of Betsileo
in Madagascar. Purchased. [82. 2. 27, 1-140; 82. 2. 28, 1-33; 82, 3.4,
1-173.]

183 eggs from Madagascar. Presented. [85. 1. 25, 1-183.]

The Rev. Deans Cowan was a missionary in Madagascar Lefore the
French occupation, and was a most energetic naturalist. His explorations
in the Ankafana Forests were most noteworthy, and besides many rare
species he discovered a new species of Sand-Maitin which I nameıl Cotile
cowani (cf. his * Notes on the Natural History of Madagascar,” P. Phys
Soc. Edinb., vii., pp. 133-150, 1885).

Cox (Capt.).

125 birds from the vieinity of Muscat. Presented. [1905. 12. 30,
1-125.]

Craddock (W. H.) and Thompson (H. N.)

420 birds and eggs from the southern Shan States. Purchased.
[1903. 12. 24, 1-420.]

Crawford and Balcarres (Earl of), K.T.

35 specimens obtained during the cruise of the yacht Venus. Presented.
[86. 2. 1, 1-35.]

The collection was described by Mr. Howard Saunders (P. Z. S. 1880,
pp- 161-165).

732 specimens collected during the cruise of the yacht Valhalla.
[1903. 12. 30, 1-260; 1904. 8. 5, 1-35; 1904. 8. 17, 1-437.]

These collections were formed for the Earl of Örawford by Mr. M.J.
Nicoll during the voyage of the R.Y.S. Valhalla, and several iuteresting
species were obtained, the most notable being old and yvung birds of
the Pitcairn Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus vaughani, Sharpe) (cf. Bull.
B.0.C., xi., p. ii.), and the types of Dendreca erawfordi and Vireo laurz
(cf. Nicoll, “ Ibis,” 1904, pp. 32-67, pl. i., pp. 555-091, pl. xi.).

Crawshay (Capt. RıcHarD).

8 specimens from Lake Nyasa. Presented. [98. 6. 8, 1-8.]

15 speciinens from British East Africa. Presented. [99. 2. 5, 1-8;
1900. 9. 4, 1-10.]

Mr. Crawshay has discovered some fine new species of Mammals in
Nyasaland (see Kepurt on Mammalia, p. 24), and is a well-known entomo-
logist. He has also sent to the Museum soıne interesting birds, including
a new Francolin (Francolinus crawshayi, Grant).

Crewdson (WıLson).
19 specimens from California. Presented. [88. 2. 25, 1-19.]
Cripps (J. N.).

An energetic collector in Upper Assam, who sent many specimens of
birds and eggs to Mr. Hume (cf. “ Stray Feathers,” xi., pp. 1-353).

Cross (W.).
49 birds from Colorado. Received in exchange. [1905. 1. 25, 250-298.]

Birds. 333

Crowfoot (Dr.).

8 birds and 24 eggs from Norfolk Island. Presented. [85. 1. 7,
1-8; 87.7.9, 1-24.)

Dr. Crowfoot, of Beccles in Suffolk, is a first-rate oologist, and the
esgs of some valuable species were included in the above donation.

Crowley (PnıLıp).

92 eggs of British birds. Presented. [84. 10. 3, 1-92.]

14,657 eggs. The Crowley Bequest. [1901. 2. 25, 1-74 (Aceipitres) ;
1901. 7. 6, 1-608 (Charadriiformes, etc.) ; 1901. 8. 12, 1-73 (Herodiones) ;
1901. 10. 15, 1-408 (Striyes, ete.); 1901. 10. 28, 1-71; 1901, 11. 1, 1-713
(Ratitz, Galliformes); 1901. 11. 15, 1-815 (Pelecaniformes, Anseri-
Formes) ; 1901. 11. 20, 1-590 (Columbiformes, Ralliformes) ; 1901.11. 30,
1-526; 1901. 12. 5, 1-838; 1901. 12. 11, 1-260; 1901. 12. 15, 1-1000
(Passeriformes, Picarie); 1902. 1. 10, 1-1008 (eggs of Cuckoos with
those of foster-parents); 1902. 2. 5, 1-287 (Lariformes) ; 1902. 2.15, 1-10
(skins of birds); 1902. 2. 20, 1-229 (Pelecaniformes, Sphenisciformes) ;
1902. 2. 23, 1-120 (Alciformes); 1902. 2. 24, 1-1002 (Ralliformes,
Passeriformes) ; 1902. 3. 1, 1-828 (Ploceide, Fringillidz, Tanayride) ;
1902. 3. 10, 1-417 (Charadriüiformes); 1902. 3. 20, 1-1014; 1902. 3. 25,
1-991; 1902. 4. 5, 1002; 1902. 4. 10, 1-1028; 1902. 4. 28, 1-87 (Pas-
seriformes).]

The celebrated Crowley Collection, bequeathed by its owner, is one
of the most valuable donations ever made to the Museum. It enriched
the egg-collection in an extraordinary degree, as is evidenced by the
“('atalogue of Birds’ Eggs.” The series of specimens from Australia,
whence the Museum had but few examples, was extremely fine, and
one of the treasures was an egg of the Great Auk (Plautus impennis),
formerly in Canon Tristram’s collection, the whole of which had been
acquired by Mr. Crowley, and of which the major part has now passed
into the cabinets of the Museum. By Mr. Crowley’s will the Trustees
were permitted to select four clutches of eags from any locality not
previously represented in the Museum, and any eggs of historical interest.
The duplicates were afterwards sold at Stevens’ on April 17, May 15,
and June 5, 1902.

One of the most interesting features of the Crowley Bequest was the
remarkable series of Cuckoo’s eggs with those of the foster-parents.

Cuming (Huch).

47 eggs from North America. Presented. [41. 6. 11, 16-57.]

234 specimens from Malacca and the Philippine Islands, collected by
Cuming himself. Purchased. [42. 2. 15, 1-234.]

In this collection are several specimens which became types in after
years, such as Baza magnirostris, Bubo philippinensis, Loriculus melano-
pterus, Gray, and L. hartlaubi, Frisch (= L. apicalis, Souanee; cf. Salvad.
Cat. B., xx., p. 528).

35 specimens from Chili. Purchased. [44. 1. 8, 12-18; 44. 10. 7,
1-28.

lected by “Renous” [whoever he was!]. The collection was at
first ascribed to Bridges.

35 birds from Honduras, collected by Dyson. (See postea, p. 343.)
[#5. 3. 15, 16-25; 45. 5. 3, 1-29; 45. 5. 21, 43-52; 45. 8. 5, 33-87.]

22 specimens from Borneo. [46. 1. 16, 8-29.]

10 specimens from Jamaica, being part of P. H. Gosse’s collection,

334 Zoology.

[46. 10. 26, 1-10, type of Hirundo peciloma, Gosse (= Petrochelidon
Julva (Vieill.); cf. Sharpe, Cat x., p. 155).]

17 birds from Oaracas, Venezuela, collected by Auguste Salle. [47.
7.16, 1217]

30 specimens from Nicaragua, collected by Salle. [48. 11. 1, 1-22,
27-34.]

64 specimens from San Domingo, collected by Salle. [50. 11. 13,
17-52; 51. 11.14, 1-28.]

140 skins from Ceylon, collected by Thwaites. [52. 2. 5, 6-43;
63. 5. 3, 1-34; 58. 10. 29, 1-20; 54.1. 18, 1-48.]

39 specimens from the Philippine Islands. [53. 5. 4, 1-19; 54. 5. 8,

1-20.]

17 birds from California, collected by Bridges. [58. 3.1, 1-9; 58.
25, 1-8.]

19 birds from the Pacific Islands and other localities. [58. 5. 8,
1-19.]

22 birds from New Caledonia, collected by John Macgillivray.
[59. 4. 19, 1-22.] Type of Phenorhina goliath, Gray.

Cumming (WALTER D.).

634 birds, nests and eggs from Fao in the Persian Gulf. Presented.
[85. 3. 7, 1-189; 85. 7. 15, 1-9; 88.-12. 6, 1-95; 90. 11. 1, 72162
1903. 2. 17, 1-25.]

64 specimens of birds, nests and eggs from Fao. Purchased. [95.
11. 15, 1-64.]

5 birds from the Mekran Coast. Presented. [1904. 11. 27, 1-5.]

These very valuable collections, from a locality whence the Museum
had never received any specimens, were described by me in the “Ibis”
for 1886 (pp. 475-493), and 1891 (pp. 103-116), when the nest
and egss of Hypocolius ampelinus were made known for the first time.
Mr. Whitaker has recently described a new species of Chat from
Mr. Cumming’s collection, as Sawicola cummingi (Bull. B. O. C., x.
p. xvii., 1900; figured, Ibis, 1902, pp. 58, 59, pl. iii.). His last donation
included specimens of the Red-throated Diver (Colymbus septrionalis
and Merganser serrator), recorded from S. Persia for the first time.

Mr. Cumming entered the Persian Gulf Telegraph Service in August
1876, and was stationed at Fao in 1883, 1836, 1890-1894, aud 1896. Fao
proved to be a guod collecting ground, being situated at the north end of
the Persian Gulf, on the right bank of the River Shat-al-arab, and about
fourteen miles from its mouth. It belongs to Turkey, the river forming
the boundary between Persian and Turkish territory.

Cuninghame (R. J.)
A Saddle-billed Jabiru from Fashoda. [1902. 11. 20, 1.]

Cunninghame (J. F.).
54 birds from Western Uganda. Presented. [1904. 6.27,1-9; 1904.
7.17, 1-45.]

Cutter (W.).

32 birds from South America. Purchased. [69. 8. 16, 1-32.]

57 birds from Madagascar. Purchased. [70. 5. 20, 1-31; 72.10. 12,
1-7; 75. 2.1, 5. 23.]

7 birds from the Zambesi district. Purchased. [76.7. 5, 1-7.]

Mr. Cutter was a well-known natural history agent in Great Russell
Street, and had a shop at the opposite corner to Mr. John Gould’s house

Birds. 335

in Charlotte Street, where the business is still carried on by the family.
He was Alfred Everett’s first agent, and it was fiom Mr. Cutter that Mr.
Gould received tbe original type-specimen of Pitta arcuata, one ol the
finest of Everett’s discoveries. I also knew him as Urossley’s agent, and
I described many fine things from Crossley’s Madagascar collections, the
types of which are in my collection now in the British Museum. After
1 had entered the Museum, I was no longer allowed to keep a private
collection of birds, and Crossley’s later consignments were purchased by
the Museum direct from Mr. Cutter. 'Thus in 1375 we acquired the types
of Eutriorchis astur, Atelornis erossleyi, Neodrepanis coruscans, Oxylabes
xanthophrys, and Bernieria zosterops |75. 2. 1, 5-23], all most interesting
species, which were described by me (P.Z.S., 1875, pp. 70-78, pls. xiii.,
ZIV.):
fe birds from the Zambesi must, I think, have been collected by
Dr. Bradshaw. They were beautiful skins, and two species were described
by me as new, Pinarornis plumosus (fig., Cat. B., vii., pl. ix.) and
Suxwicola shelleyi (cf. Sharpe’s edition of Layard, pp. 230, 246. Figured
in Oates’ “ Matabele Land,” App., pl. A.). The latter bird is really a
Thamnolza, and was named by me in honour of my friend, Sir Edward
Shelley, an old Zambesi explorer, who reached Lake Nyasa but a short
time after its discovery by Livingstone » d Kirk. Sir Edward was one
of the pall-bearers at Livingstone’s fune; '.

Dalgleish (G.).
6 eges of the Kentish Plover from the Channel Islands. Presented.
[1904. 3. 2, 1-3; 1904. 3. 3, 1-3.]

Danckwerts (W. CO.)
A specimen of the Grey Lag Goose (Anser anser) from Sutherland.
[1905. 5. 22, 1.]

Danford (C. G.).

2 Nuterackers, with nest and eggs, from the Carpathian Mountains.
Presented. #1901. 4. 14, 1-8.]

Mr. Danford, with Mr. J. A. Harvie-Brown, wrote a list of the birds of
Transylvania, mainly basei on their own observations (Ihis, 1875, pp.
188-199, 291-313, 412-431). In 1877 he described the birds collected
during his travels in Asia Minor (Ibis, 1877, pp. 261-274; 1878, pp.
1-35), and again in 1830 (Ibis, 1880, pp. 81-99).

Most of the specimens obtained during this last expedition were given
by Mr. Danford to various private collections, and thus many have come
to the Museum with the Seebohm Bequest. The typeof a new species of
Lesser Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopus danfordi) also came with the
Hargitt collection. Mr. Dantord has presented the nest @n situ, with the
esgs and parent-birds of the Nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatectes), from
Transylvania, and this is one of the most interesting of our bird-groups.

Daniels (Major Cooke).
3 skins and 14 specimens in spirit, from S.E. New Guinea. Presented.
#105. 9.18, 1- ' .]

Daniels (Miss E.).
13 birds from British Guiana. Presented. [1905. 5. 20, 1-13.]

Darling (J.).

Was one of Mr. Hume’s collectors.

336 Zoology.

Darling (J. FroLuıor).

66 birds and eggs from Rhodesia. Exchanged. [1902. 2.1, 1-18;
1902. 3. 14, 1-48.]

An interesting collection, the chief treasure being a specimen of
Reichenow’s Pitta (Pitta longipennis, Reichenow), found for the first time
in the South African Sub-region (c/. Sharpe, Bull. B. 0.C. xii., p. 49 ,1902).

Darmstadt Museum.

3 specimens received in exchange. [77. 4. 21, 21-23.]

A new Polyplectron (P. schleiermacheri) from 8. E. Borneo, Corvus
annectens fron Celebes, and Oriolus formosus from Sangi Islands, were
added to the collection.

Darwin (Cuarues), F.R.S.

A specimen of Upucerthia dumetoria from Coquimbo. Presented.
ee
| 20 en South America. Presented. [56. 3. 15, 1-20.] [Con-
tained the type of Pyrocephalus parvirostris, Gould, Zool. Voy. Beagle,
ii, p. 44.

26 in from Persia. Presented. [56. 12. 16, 1-26.]

60 Domestic Pizeons and 6 Ducks. Presented. [67. 12. 9, 1-66. ]

The collections made by Darwin durinz the voyage of the Beagle passed
into the Museum of the Zoological Society, and were afterwards acquired
by the British Museum. Unfortunately, a few of the types had either
perished or were overlooked by Mr. G. R. Gray, when he made his
selection, since they are not now inthe National Collection. From whom
Mr. Darwin received his small series of Persian birds, I never knew. The
Piseons and Ducks had served him in his works on Natural Selection.

(Cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xiv., pp. 72-84.)

Davidson (J.).

18 birds, mostly from Aden, collected by Lieut. Barnes. [97. 11. 29,
1-18.

nen of Remiza coronata from Sind. Presented. [1905.2. 7, 1.]

Mr. Davidson is the author (in company with Mr. Wenden) of a very
important paper on the Avifauna of the Deccan (Stray Feathers, vii, pp.
68-95); “Rough List of the Birds of Western Kandesh ” (Stray Feathers,
x., pp. 279-327), and his collections are now in the Museum, having been
presented by Mr. Allan Hume, with the rest of the Hume collection.
When the late Lieut. Barnes wrote a paper on the Birds of Aden
(Ibis, 1893, pp. 57-84, 166-181), I was particularly anxious to examine
some of his specimens, but they were, unfortunately, in India at the time.

Mr. Davidson afterwards acquired the collections of birds and eegs
belonging to Lieut. Barnes, and he very kindly presented to the Museum
the specimens which I desired. Another interesting species presented
by Mr. Davidson was a specimen of £rythropus amurensis from Kanara.
11897. 12.4, 17

Davies (Commander DAyRELL), R.N.

8 birds from Shanghai, 1 from Ascencion Island, and 3 from Panama.
Presented. [87. 7. 30, 1-12.]
Davies (Capt. H. R.).

8 birds from the Shan States, Presented. [99. 8. 20, 1-8.]

Birds.

os

os
<T

Davis and Soper (Messrs.).

69 birds from the Makalaka country collected by the late Dr. Brad-
shaw (g.v.). Purchased. [80. 1. 30, 1-69.]

Davison (WırLıam Ruxron).

170 birds from the Nilshiri Hills. Presented. [82. 6. 8, 1-85 ;
83. 8.1, 1-40: 84. 7. 28, 1-90. ]

14 birds from Travancore. Presented. [85. 7. 30, 1-14.]

11 birds from Pahang. Presented. [92. 9. 1, 1-11.]

Davison was one of the best collectors that the world has ever seen.
He was indefatigable as a worker in the jungle, but it was next to
impossible to get him to write anything about his experiences, although,
in conversation, his stories of the habits of birds were always interesting.
Mr. Hume has told me that even when Davison returned to Simla after
one of his expeditions, it was difficult to get him to write anything down,
as he was always wanting to be out of doors collecting among the hills.

He was entrusted with the conduct of expeditions by Mr. Hume for
many years, and his wonderful explorations in Burma, Tenasserim, and
the Malay Peninsula are described in ‘Stray Feathers,’ the most important
memoir being the account, by Mr. Hume and himself, of tke birds of
Tenasserim (Stray Feathers, vi., pp. 1-524).

When Mr. Hume gave up his ornithological work, Davison visited
England and afterwards settled down for a time at Ootacamund in the
Nilshiris, whence he sent some interesting birds to the British Museum.
He was afterwards appointed to the Museum at Singapore, and made one
more expedition into Pahang. The death of his wife and the hardships
he had undergone in his younger days proved too much even for this
strenuous man, and he died in January 1895 (cf. Ibis, 1895, pp. 478-
480).

The collections which he made for Mr. Hume’s Museum were always
beantifully prepared, and he discovered many new species, several of
which were named after him (Cyanops davisoni, Spilornis davisont,
Geronticus davisoni, Ixus davisoni, Brachyurus davisoni, Turdulus
dwvisoni, Lioptila davisoni, Hemixus davisoni).

Dawson (Prof. G.).

300 specimens obtained during the Boundary Commission on the
49th Parallel, five species being new to the collection. Presented by the
Foreign Office. [76. 4. 15, 1-300.]

Prof. Dawson was the naturalist attached to the British Commission,
while Dr. Ellıot Coues was the American zoologist. T’'he collection was
fully described by the latter (cf. antea, p. ).

Day (W.S.).
See GERRARD, E.
Deasy (Major H. H. P.).

18 birds from the Pamirs. Presented. [99. 8. 3, 1-18.]

36 birds from Tibet. Presented. [1903. 10. 3, 1-36.]

For an account of Major Deasy’s adventurous journeys to Central
Asia cf. Geogr. Soc. Journ. xi., pp. 544, 545, 665, 666, 1898; xvi.,
pp- 501-527, 19
Degen (E.).

67 birds’ skins and specimens in spirits from South Australia. Pur-
chased. [99. 8. 14, 1-19; 1900. 10. 7, 1-48.]

VOL. II. 2

33 Zoology.

462 specimens from Abyssinia. [1903. 9. 5, 1-312; 1903. 10. 20,
1-146.]

Mr. Degen was a pupil of the late Professor Rütimeyer at Basel, and
is an accomplished and skilful preparer of skeletons, in which capacity he
has for many years done excellent work for the Museum. He is also
interested in the moulting and phyiogeny of the Class Aves, and has
written two elaborate memoirs on these subjects. [Bull. B.O.C., vol. ü.;
Trans. Zool. Soc., xvi., pp. 347-418, pls. xxxvi.-xxxvii.]

His recent expedition to Abyssinia resulted in a most valuable collec-
tion of fishes, and an interesting series of birds, including two new species,
Melanobucco tsane and Mirafra deyeni, and a very rare Owl, Asio
abyssinieus. (Cf. Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1904, pp. 250-280, pls. v., vi.)

Delamere (Lord).

61 birds from Somali Land. Presented. Collected by Dr. Atkinson.
[98. 12. 11, 1-61.]

970 birds from Equatorial Africa. [1901. 2. 22, 1-970.]

I'he last-named collection is one of the most complete ever made on
an expedition to Equatorial Africa. Lord Delamere took Mr. Leonard
Harwood with him as taxidermist, and consequently the skins were
beautifully prepared. At least twelve species were new to the Museum,
of which seven were types,

Delme-Radcliffe (Colonel C.).
405 birds and 37 skeletons from Uganda, colleeted during the Anglo-
German Frontier Commission, including two types of species new to

science, collected by the late W. G. Doggett. Presented. [1904. 10. 23,

1-100; 1904. 10. 27, 1-305; 1904. 10. 29, 1-37.] (Cf. Ogılvie-Grant,
Ibis, 1905, pp. 199-212.)

Dent (Capt. R. E.).
16 birds from Kronstadt, Orange River Colony. Presented. [1903.
3. 21, 1-16.] Collected during the last Boer War.
See also W00SNAM, R. B.

De Oca (Rararr).
See GERRARD, E.
A well-known Mexican collector, who travelled principally in the
state of Jalapa (cf. Sclater, P.Z.S., 1859, p. 362).

Derby (Earl of).

94 birds from various localities. Presented. [37. 5. 13, 1-2; 37.7.8,
31-53; 38. 5. 12, 102; 42. 12. 6, 19-68 ; 46. 9. 1, 1-9, 12-21.]

The 13th Lord Derby, the founder of the Derby Museum at Liverpool,
gave, from time to time, many interesting specimens of birds to the
British Museum.

De Vis (C. W.).

See QUEENSLAND MUSEUM, postea, p.

De Winton (W.E.)

16 birds from various localities. Presented. [94. 11. 15, 1-7;
94.11. 25,1; 94. 12. 18, 1-8.]

1 example of the Common Teal (Nettium cerecca) from Pembroke-
shire. Presented. [1904. 10. 17,1.)

co
co
Jo)

Birds.

Dickinson (Dr.).
3 specimens from the Zambesi. [64. 12.7, 1-3.]
Includes the type of Oerchneis dickinsoni.

Dismore (Water B.).

23 biıds from Florida. Presented. [83. 3. 17, 1-23.]
Dixon (CHARLES).

The collections made in St. Kilda and in Algeria by Mr. Dixon
passed into the collection of the British Museum along with the rest of
the Seebohm collection. The St. Kilda Wren, Anorthura hirtensis
(Seebohm, Zool., 1884, pp. 333-335) was discovered by Mr. Dixon.
Dixon (Lieut. KennErr).

12 birds from Antipodes, Bounty and Campbell Islands. Presented.
[1903. 3. 20, 1-11.]

This small collection was most interesting, and contained specimens
of Anthus steindachneri with its nest and eggs (the latter unfortunately
broken in transit); also a specimen of the nearly extinct Mergus australis.

2 heads and 2 eggs of the Wandering Albatross (Diomedea ewulans)
rom Antipodes Islands. Presented. [1904. 6. 16, 1-4.]

2 Australian Grebes ( Podicipes nove hollandiz) from Dauphin Island,
New Hebrides. [1904. 12. 25, 1-2.]

Dobree (E. A.)

A Sabine’s Gull (Xema sabinei) from Christchurch, Hants. Presented.

[1904. 3. 7, 1.]
Doggett (WALTER G.).

See DELME-RADCLIFFE, Colonel; JOHNSToN, Sir Harry.
Doig (ScRoPE).

9 birds from Sind. Presented. [81. 7. 11, 1-9 ]

Mr. Scrope Doig did valuable ornithological work in Sind, and his
series of birds and eges collected in the Eastern Narra Range are in the
Hume Collection (cf. Stray Feathers, viii., pp. 369-379; ix., pp. 271-
282; x., pp. 503-512).

Done (R. H.).

A Knot and a Ruff, from South Uist. Presented. [1905. 9. 16, 1-2.]
Dorman (R. P.)

10 birds from the Congo Free State. Presented. [1905. 4. 8, 1-10.]
Doubleday (Henry).

22 birds from Epping. Presented. [41.1.18, 1-14; 41.1. 26, 2-9.]

Doubleday is principally known as an entomologist, and was a brother
of the celebrated entomologist, Edward Doubleday, but he was a first-rate
naturalist of the old school. The birds which he gave to the Museum
were for years the best-mounted specimens in the collection.

Cf. Dict. Nat. Biog. xv., p. 254.

Drake-Brockman (R. E.).

41 birds from British East Africa. Presented. [1904. 4. 4, 1-41.]

34 eggs from East Africa. Presented. [1904. 5, 11, 1-34.]

9 birds from Berbera. Presented. [1905. 6. 1, 1-9.]

h a from Somali Land. Presented. [1905. 7.24, 1-7 ; 1905. 12.19,
-11.
z2

340 Zoology.

Dresser (H. E.).

4 birds from Europe and Asia Minor. Presented. [72. 12. 16, 1-4.]

A Pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus) from Dalmatia. Preseuted
[73. 12. 26. 12.]

46 eggs irom Central Asia. In exchange for duplicates from the Museum
Collection. [1902. 4. 25, 1-46.]

At the time that I entered the service of the Trustees, Mr. Dresser
was engaged with me in writing the “Birds of Europe.” Being unable
to eontinue this work and at the same time write the “ Catalogne of
3irds,” I preferred the latter wo k, and surrendered the “Birds of
Europe” to my partner. he collection on which this work was lounded
contained many specimens of birds obtained in my younger days. Mr.
Dresser sold his collection to a gentleman, by whom it was presented to
the Victoria University, Manchester. 'The donor is now known to have
been Mr. J. T. I’'homasson.

Du Chaillu (Pau B.).
See STEVENS, S.

This celebrated collector, the rediscoverer of ihe Gorilla, worked in his
early days forthe Maison Verreaux. Jules Verreaux, who came to England
when the German army approached Paris in 1870, was received by tlıe
Enelish ornithologists with great sympathy, and lived for some three
weeks in my house. He told me that Du Chaillu was not only a first-
rate collector, but an absolutely straıghtforward man, and that after his
first efforis at scientific collecting he was entrusted with money fur a
second expedition into the interior of Gaboon by certain Fıench zoologists.
Du Chaillu’s second collection was lost in a shipwreck, and when he
afterwards arrived in Paris with another consignment, he made known
his arrival to Jules Verreaux, and announced his intention of surrender-
ing the collection he had brought with him for the benefit of the former
subscribers. The latter, however, were unreasonable, and wanted to
prosecute Du Chaillu for the loss of the money contributed towards
his second venture, aud he therefore sailed away to America; and thus
Cassin was able to describe the wonderful novelties which Du Chaillu had
brought back from Gaboon. He afterwards went back to the latter
country under the auspices of the Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia, and continued his researches [cf. Cassin, Proc. Acad. Nat.
Sci. Philad., 1855, p. 439; 1856, pp. 156-159 (Moonda river), 316-322
(Cape Lopez); 1857, pp. 33-40 (Muni river}; 1859, pp. 30-55, 153-144,
172-176, pls. 1 and 2 (Camma and Ogowe rivers) . This was the story
told me by my old fiiend, Jules Verreaux.

Of. Obituary, Geogr. Journ., pp. 680 and 681, 1903.

The following account of the explorer appeared in the “Daily
Telegraph ” of May 1st, 1903, and, as the best record of Du Chaillu’s work,
is worth preserving :—

Although the name of Paul Belloni du Chaillu cannot be placed in
quite the same category as those of Speke, Grant, Gordon Cumming,
Burton, Baker, Stanley, or others of the explorers who, during the past
sixty years, unrolled to the knowledge of the civılised world the
mysterious wonders of the Dark Continent, yet his work was of great
importance, and in some respects his investigations were directed in a
more scientific direction than those of many of the men mentioned. M.
du Chaillu was a Frenchman, and was born in Paris on July 31, 1835.
His father held an oflicial appointment in the French settlement on the
(Gaboon River on the West Coast of Afıica, where he also carried on a

Birds. 341

commercial concern, and thither the youth went at an earlyage. His
education by the Jesuits of that colony doubtless tended to create in his
mind a taste for exploration, for the members of the famous society have
always been noted for the zeal and ability with which they have pursued
geographical and ethnological research. When he was about seventeen
years of age young Du Chaillu entered his father’s trading business, and
proceeded to the United States with a cargo of ebony. It was in New
York that he took his initial plunge into literature, a very able series of
articles on the Gaboon country appearing in the New York Tribune from
his pen.

In 1855 he was naturalised as an American citizen, and in the same
year returned to West Africa, where he immediately set out upon his
first long journey in the iuterior. For nearly four years he pressed
onward through a country up to that time untrodden by the foot of the
European, travelling on foot or in canoes without white companions, and
eovering a total distance of about 8,000 miles. During this protracted
itinerary M. du Chaillu shot and preserved thousands of specimens of
bird and animal life, sixty of which were previously unknown. The
great discovery, however, which overshadowed all his other achievements,
brought about a very bitter scientific controversy, but finally placed his
name on a secure basis, was that of the Gorilla. It is, of course, well
known that for many years rumours from native sources had reached the
cvast of an extraordinary species of man-like apes, gifted with superbuman
agility and strength, and endowed with something like human intelligence ;
and, inderd, certain specimens of the skin and skull of a great Simian had
been obtained. But down to the time that Paul du Chaillu returned from
his wanderings, no European had ever claimed personal acquaintance with
this most remarkable member of the monkey tribe, and it was generally
believed that the so-called Gorillas were nothing more than unusually fine
specimens of the Chimpanzee or Ourang outaug, both of which were
familiar enough to zoologists. Therefore, when, in 1860, Du Chaillu
came back to civilisation from the eloomy forests of West Africa and
gave to the world his news that he had himself seen in its natıve fast-
nesses the mysterious creature in question, a war of wurds arose that has
rarely been equalled and never exceeded in the history of science Du
Chaillu, of course, had his opponents and his supporters. On the former
side were ranged such men as Dr. Petermann and Dr. Barth, two names
to conjure with in Germany, and, indeed, in Europe. On the other were
Sir Roderick Murchison and that greatest of modern c 'mparative anato-
mists, Sir Richard Owen. Magazine and newspaper articles, papers before
learned societies, pamphlets tollowed one another in rapid succession,
aliernately attacking and defending M. du Chaillu and the statements
eontained in the book, “Explorations and Adventures in Equatorial
Africa,” in which he had set forth his experiences. Not only were his
zoological researches discounted, but his maps and other geographical data
were questioned, and the controversy reached a climax one night at the
meeting of a certain scientific body, when a scene of considerable violence
oceurred between the explorer and his critics.

Intensely irritated‘ by the reception which his statements had
encountered, Du Chaillu was not at all discouraged. He went out again
to West Africa, and, in 1863, he departed on another journey, by which
he hoped to eross the continent. He was delayed by the loss of his outfit
through the capsizing of a boat, but eventually a start wasmade. Passing
up the Fernand-Vaz river to Obindji he went on to Olenda, in Astivialand,
whence he explored much of the surroundıng country, later on procet ding,

342 Zoology.

to the Apono, Ishogo, and Ashanco territories, meeting on the way a
enrious race of negro dwarfs, of nomadic habits and of a very low type.
'’his journey came to an untimely end. Ata villaze over 400 miles from
the point of deparrure one of M. du Chaillu’s men had the misfortune to
kill a native throuch the accideutal explosion of a rifle. The enraged
villagers attacked the party, M. du Chaillu and his companions were
obliged to flee for their lives, and practically the whole of his instruments,
scientihe collections, note-books, and photographs were abaudoned and
lost in the jungle. 'T’he expedition effected its retreat only under great
difheu!ties, but eventually reached the territory of friendly tribes in
safety. This second journey, althongh a brief one, was very fruitful in
scientific results, and has always been regarded as of more permanent
value than the earlier and more protracted explorations of M. du Chaillu.
By the time he returned to London, in 1865, the Gorilla controversy had
to a large extent died cut, and the fresh evidence which he was able to
adduce set the matter definitely at rest. There is little doubt, indeed,
that M. du Chaillu had hiniself largely to blame for the adverse critieism
encountered by his earlier statements. His first book was couched in the
form rather of a popular work of adventure than of a serious and sober
account of a series of learned researches. Not content with recounting
what he had himself seen, he embellished his narrative with a good deal
of more or less sensational hearsay, probably derived from native sources,
Heuce matter-of-fact zoological experts, accustomed, above all things, to
the preeise terms and data of scientific exposition, were prone to put down
ag mere “traveller’s tales” the stories of a man who, althouga given
somewliat to exaggeration, had yet a very solid substratum of truth for bis
assertions. he matter, however, is now at rest, and no one doubts -
existence of the great monkey.

After his expedition of 1865, the results of which were embodied in
two furtber books, M. du Chaillu carried out no more explorations in
Africa. For some years he lived in America and England, delivering a
large number of public lectures, in which he recounted his experiences with
much success. In the seventies and eighties he turned his attention to
Scandinavia, and visited many of the more remote parts of Norway and
Sweden, as tie result of which he publish-d a very fascinating book,
entitled, “The Land of the Midnight Sun.” During his life in those
northern countries he made many researches into their ancient records,
buildings, and folklore, and his work, “The Viking Age,” published in
1887, dealing with the early history, manners, and customs of the
ancestors of the Enelish-speaking nations, is a classic.

In person, M. du Chaillu was well equipped for the arduous toils of
exploration. Although his body was short and thick-set, almost to the
verge of deformity, he was possessed of great muscular streneth, and he
enjoved admirable health. He spoke and wrote English admirably, and
his literary style, thoush floıid and diffuse, was vigorous and picturesque.
His knowledge of the languages, or dialects, of the mauy savage races with
which he came in contact was considerable, and in coolness, pertinacity,
and nerve few explorers have ever equalled him.

Ducie (Earl).

A hvbrid Pheasant (Phasianus colchieus x P. reevesi) from Gloucester-
shire. [1904. 2. 4, 1.]

Dumas (J. M.).

94 birds from N. New Guinea. Purchased. [99. 11. 3, 1-41; 1900
4. 10, 1-53.]

Birds. 343

A companion of Mr. Alfred Everett during his travels in the Molucca
Islands. After Everett’s death, Dumas visited several islands in the
Moluccas, and procured some interesting species. Geocichla duması,
Rothschild, from Buru (Bull. B.0.C. viii., p. xxx.), and other new species
were discovered by him (c/. Nov. Zool. vii., pp. 226-242).

Dunn (Surgeon-Captain H. N.).

234 specimens of brds and egss from the neighbourhood of Khartum
and the White Nile distriets. Presented. [1900. 8. 29, 1-82; 1902.
12. 17, 1-59; 1903. 2. 4, 1-48; 1903. 2. 7, 1-46.]

6 birds from Somali Land. Presented. [1904. 6. 14, 1-6.]

T'hese collections contain many interesting species, and should be
carefully examined by anyone writing on the ornithology of the Eastern
Sudan.

Dunstall (G.K.). - |
3 birds from British Guiana. Purchased. [1904. 10. 50, 1-3.]
11 Birds of Paradise from New Guinea. Purchased. [96. 3. 16, 1-11.]
10 specimens from New South Wales and New Zealand. Purchased.
[96. 5. 1, 1-10.]

Durnford (Henry).

9 eggs of birds, collected by the late H. Müller, from the Färoe Isles ;
and 3 rom Walney Island. Presented. [75. 1.5, 1-12.)

304 specimens from Argentina and the Chuput Valley in Patagonia.
Purchased. [1885. 11. 20, 1-354.]

This fine young naturalist, wbose career was cut short by an early
death (cf. Ibis, 1878, p. 493), was a nephew of the late Dr. Durnford,
Bishop of Chichester. He collected in the Färoes and also in the Frisiaa
Islanus (Ibis, 1574, pp. 391-406). He afterwards settled in South
America, and his papers on the birds of Buenos Aires were published in
the “ Ibis’ for 1576 (pp. 157-166) and 1877 (pp. 166-203). In the latter
volume al-o appeared his account of his expedition to the Chuput Valley
(Ibis, 1877, pp. 27-46), with a further paper (Ibis, 1878, pp. 389-
406). Porzana spiloptera was descıibed by him and figured in the ‘ Ibis’
for 1877 (pl. iüi.), and I have named an Oyster-catcher (Hematopus
durnfordi) after him (Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xxiv., p. 117, pl. vi.). The
account of his last expedition, to Tucuman and Salta, was published in
the “ Ibis’ for 1880, pp. 351-364, pls. ix. and x. The collection acquired
after his death contains all the specimens obtained by Durnford in South
America.

Dyer (Sir Tuıseuton), Director, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

(q.v.).

A young White Stork (Ckconia alba). Presented. [1904. 5. 31, 1.]

Hybrid Goose (Chenalopex zgyptiaca x (0. magellanica). [1904.,
10. 28, 1.]

A Semipalmated Goose (Anseranas semipalmata). Presented. [1904.
12. 8,1

A specimen of the White Stork (Ciconia alba). Presented. [1905.
9. 27, 1.]

Dyson (Davıp).
See also UUMING, HucH.
38 birds from Honduras. Purchased. [45. 11. 2, 1-38.]
127 birds from Venezuela. Purchased. [46. 11. 2, 1-18; 47. 2.10,
1-25; 47. 3. 22, 1-35 47.5.1, 1-32; 47.10. 18, 15-31.]

344 Zoology.

This contains the type of Nothocercus bonapartei, Gray, from Aragua
Vallev, Veneznela.

No list of Mr. Dyson’s collections appears to have been published, but
a species of Ducco was named after him by Dr. Sclater (P.Z.S., 1855,
p. 195). Some account of his life is published in the Proceedings ot the
Manchester Field Club (vol. i., pt. 2, 1900-1901), cf. Britten, Journ.
Botany, 1905, p. 134. See also tl:e ‘ Naturalist,’ 1857, pp. 43, 44.

Earl (Percy). .

30 birds from New Zealand. Purchased. [45. 1. 13, 1-30.]

3 nests of New Zealand birds. Presented. [45. 3. 6, 2-4.]

One ofthe Weka Rails presented by Mr. Earl was described by G.R.
Gray in his list of the “ Birds of New Zealand ” as Ocydromus earli (Ibis,
1862, p. 238).

Earle (Epwarn).

See STARES, JOHN.

East India Company (Hon.).

See Inoıa MuszuMm, London.

Eaton (Rev. A. E.).

Mr. Eaton was the naturalist to the Transit of Venus expeäition, and
was stationed in Kerguelen Land. He did excellent work, aud his field-
notes on the habits of the birds are full of interest. 'I’he ornithological
collections made by the expedition are described by me in the Report
pnbli-hed by the Royal Society (Phil. Trans., vol. elxviii., pp. 101-162,
pls. vi.-viii.). 'I'he eggs were described by Mr. Howard Saunders (Z.c., pp.
163-166).

The Teal of Kerguelen Island proved to be new to science, and was
named by me Querquedula eatoni (“ Ibis,” 1875, p. 328; figured Phil. Trans.,
elxviii., pl. vi.). It bas since been made the type ol the genus Dafilula.

Edinburgh, University of.

See RogInson, H. ©.; RoyAL SocIETY.

Edwardes (Hon. W.) [Lord KExsıngton].

126 birds from St. Brides’, South Wales. [88. 11. 14, 1-14; 88. 12,
13, 1-22; 89. 12. 17, 1-57 ; 91. 4. 28, 1-33.]

Lord Kensington was endeavouring to procure for the Museum &
complete series of birds from South Wales. He went with his regiment
to South Africa, was severely wounded during the Boer War, and subse-
quently died of enteric fever at Bloemfontein. He also presented the
nesting groups of the Carrion Crow and the Shag.

Egypt, Exploration Fund (through Professor W. M.FLINDERS
PETRIE).

Bones of a Crane from Egypt. Presented. [1904. 9. 8, 1.]
Many bones of mummified Mammals and Birds.

Elliot (Dr. EnmunD A. S.).

10 Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) from Devonshire. Presented. [89.
3.8, 1.103

When I was working at the distribution and migration of the
Common Starling, Dr. Elliot procured me some interesting specimens.
He is a well-known authority on the ornithology of Devonshire, and is

Birds. 345

also interested in the birds of North America (cf. Bull. B.0.C., v.,
pp- xxi., xlii.). He is the author of “ A Century’s Work on Ornithology
in the Kingsbridge District ” (Rep. Devon. Ass., xxix., pp. 167-174, 1897).

Elliott (GEORGE Francıs ScoTT).

8 specimens from Madazascar. Presented. [89. 9. 25, 1-8.]

35 specimens from Ruwenzori and Lake Albert Edward. Presented.
[96. 2. 12, 1-55].

Mr. Scott-Elliot is chiefly known as a Botanical Collector, but he
procured some specimens of birds during his travels in Equatorial Africa,
and discovered a new species of Zosterops on Ruwenzori, which has been
named after him, Zosterops scotti, by Mr. Oscar Neumann (Orn. M.B.,
vii., p. 24, ). See Hist. Coll. Brit. Mus., i. (Botany), p. 146.

Elliott (J. STEELE).

A specimen of the Sub-Alpine Warbler (Sylviu subalpina) from St.
Kilda, being the only known specimen from the British Islands. [1901.
1.4, 1.]

29 eggs from St. Kilda, Donegal and Shropshire. Presented. [1902.
7. 7, 1-13; 1904. 8. 11, 1-16. ]

87 eggs of British birds. Presented. [1904. 10. 20, 1-87.]

Elsey (J. R.).

249 specimens from N.W. Australia. Presented. [57. 9. 18, 1-56 ;
57. 10. 28, 1-198.]

Dr. Eisey was the medical officer attached tv the Gregory Expedition.

Elwes (H. J.), F.R.S.

98 birds (Ducks). Presented. [89. 4. 3, 1-80; 89. 4. 9. 1-18.]

The record ot Mr. H. J. Elwes constitutes as fine a display of energy
and devotion to scientific work as any iu the anuals of English science.
Born in 1846, he was educated first at Mr. Goldney’s school at Toonbridge,
where the present Lord Walsingham made the study of natural history
the rage, and this doubtless had its influence in the after career of Mr.
Elwes. After four years at Eton, he joined the Scots Guards in 1869,
and it was in 1863 and 1864 that he made his first expeditions in pursuit
of natural history to the Orkney Islands. He stayed at Stromness in the
house of the well-known collector, John Dunn, and was nearly drowned
durivg one of their expeditions in the very boat in which Dunn lost his
life a few years afterwards. Mr. Elwes visited Islay on several occasions,
and again on one of these visits be narrowly escaped drowning through
the swamping of the boat in which he. was sailing. 'T'he ornithological
notes which he made were sent to the late Robert Gray, who was at that
time engaged in writing his book on the “ Birds of the West of Scotland.’

In 1868, when the Guards were quartered at the Tower, he obtained
leave for the summer, and spent three months in the Hebrides, accom-
panied for the first ten days by T. E. Buckley. In those days the
White-tailed Eagle (Haliaötus albieilla) was common in Skye, three nests
being found in a couple of days, and to two of these he descended over the
cliffs by means of a rope. Sixty of these birds had been destroyed on
the farm of Glenbrittle by Mr. Cameron, the tenant, with whom the
travellers stayed, and who was afterwards killed by being thrown out of a
window in a row which took place at Portree.

In 1869, Mr. Elwes went with the late Mr. T. E. Buckley on an
expedition to Greece, Turkey, and the Crimea. While in Attica, the

346 Zoology.

party narrowly escaped capture by the very same band of brigands who
murdered Mr. Herbert, Mr. Vyner and the Secretary of the Italian
Legation the year afterwards. (For an account of this expedition, see
the “ Ibis ” for 1370, pp. 59-77.)

Being unable to effect an exchange into a regiment in India, Mr.
Elwes left the Army in 1870, and detırmined to devote his time to
travel and the pursuit of natural history. He went to Madras with the
late Colonel Barne and Colonel tbe Hon. F. Bridgman. After hunting
Elephants and Bison in the Cardamum Hills of Travancore, and making
sıme notes on birds (Ibis, 1570, pp. 526-528), an expedition was
made after Tiger and Rhinocers in the Terai, with Colonel Sir F. (now
General Lord) Grenfell and Colonel Bridgman; but, as the latter was
invalided by a bad attack of fever, Mr. Elwes made a trip to Darjiling in
April and stayed there till the end of October. He joined with Dr. W.
T. Blanford in the well-known explorations of the head-waters of the
Tista River in Tibet, a locality only once before visited, viz. by Sir Joseph
Hooker, twenty-two years previouslv. Anaccount of this expedition was
published by Dr. Blantord in the “ Jourmal’” of the Asiatic Society of
Bengal (vol. xli., pp. 41-75), and three new species of biods were described.

In November Mr. Elwes went to Assam with the late Colonel

Haugshton, C.l.E., the Commissioner of Kuch Behar, but was laid up with
fever. After an expedition to Kangra and the north-western Hinıalayas
he returned to England in 1871, and married. T'he result of his Indian
experiences is summed up in his paper on the “ Geographical Distribution
of Asiatic Birds” (P.Z.S., 1873, pp. 615-682, pl. li., map). He like-
wise wrote a revision of the genus Zenicurus (Ibis, 1572, pp. 250-262,
pl.4x.):
In 1874 Mr. Elwes started to join the late Lord Lilford in his yacht
on an expedition to Cyprus, but the yacht was disabled and could not go,
so Mr. Elwes travelled by himself from Smyrna to Lycia, and collected
birds and plants. Several new bulbous plants were discovered on this
expedition, and one of them, Galanthus elwesi, has become a very
popular garden-plant in England.

From this date he became especially interested in horticulture, and did
little more in ornithology, but in Mav, 1880, he accompanied the late
Henry Seebohm on a collecting trip to Denmark and Holland, when they
obtained the eggs of the Black Stork ((kiconia nigra), the Kite (Milvus
milvus), the Avocet (Lecurvirostra avocetta), and many others (cf. Ibis,
1380, pp. 385-399).

In 1579 he turned his attention to Lepidoptera, and in April, 1882,
he went to Algeria, accompanied by Mr. ©. Dixon, and discovered a new
Chat (Saxicola seebohmi) in the Aures Mountains. (C/. Ibis, 1882,
pp- 550-579, pl. 14.)

For the last twenty years Mr. Elwes has devoted himself to the study
of Lepidoptera and Botany, and has made many expeditions, in pursuit
of insects and plants, in different parts of the world. In 1884 he was at
St. Petersburg as the British Delesate to the International Congress of
Botany and Horticulture. In 1886 he was appointed by the Government
of India a member of its Embassy to Tibet, a mission which came to
naught owing to the political diflieulties which led to the war in Sikhim,
in 1358. Being unable to cross the Tibetan frontier, Mr. Elwes speut
six months in Sikhim and the Khasia Hills.

After the death of his father in 1891, he settled down on the family
estates, and has since devoted his time to forestry and horticulture, varied
by occasional visits to Norway, the Tyrol, eic.

Birds. 347

In 1888 we find him, accompanied by Mrs. Elwes, in Mexico, where
he joined his brother-in-law, Dr. F. D. Godman, F.R.S., in whose
company a very large number of Birds and Lepidoptera were collected.
The return journey was made via California, Oregon, and the Yellowstone
Park. In 1893, and again in 1895, Mr. Elwes was again in North
America, when he visitel the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, Montana,
and Alberta, and discovered several new species of Butterflies. By this
time his interests were chiefly centred in the collecting of Lepidoptera,
and reviews of several genera, Hneis, Colias, Argynnis, Erebia, etec.,
appeared in the “ Transactions ” of ihe Entomological Society, and in 1900
he disposed of his omithological colleetions, consisting of some 4000
specimens, which were transferred to Mr. Rothschild’s Museum at 'Tring.

In 1895 Mr. Elwes made an expedition into Siberia with Mr. W. A. L.
Fleteber, D.S.O., the well known oarsman, to hunt wild Sheep. A very
fine collection of Lepidoptera was obtained, which was described in the
“ Transactions” of the lntomolosical Sceietv for 1899 (pp. 295-367,
pls. xi.-xiv.). The principal omithological discovery was that of tbe
breeding of Stejneger’s Scoter ((Edemia stejnegeri) on the salt lakes of
the Tehuja Steppe, 2000 miles Irom the sea. A fine collection of dried
plants was unfortunately lost in crossing a river.

In the winter of 1901-1902, Mr. Eiwes went to Chile and collected
plants and butterflies, the latter being described in the Eutomological
Society’s "* Transactions.”

In 1903 he wrote a paper on the “Habits and present condition of the
Elk in Norway ” (P.Z.S., 1903, pp. 133-151, text-figures 18-26).

For the past tlıree years he has been engaged in arranging the collection
of Lepidoptera in the British Museum, having in 1902 presented to the
nation the pick of his collection, amounting to some 30,000 specimens.
He is also engaged in a work on the Trees of Great Britain anı Ireland,
with Dr. A. Henry as his coadjutor.

Emin Pasha.

370 specimens from Equatorial Africa. Presented. [87. 9. 28, 1-342;
90. 7. 1, 1-28.]

The collections presented by Emin Pasha to the Museum were some
of the most valuable ever received by the 'Irustees. 'They have been
described by Captain Shelley (P.Z.S., 1888, pp. 17-50, pl. üii.). An
interesting new species of Pratincole was named G/lareola emini.

A further collection was despatched by Emin Pasha for the Museum
shortly before his death. It was entrusted to the ex-missionary trader
Stokes, who was hung by Major Lothaire under well-known circum-
stances. The collection intended for the British Museum found its way
to Berlin, thus fulfilling the prophecy uttered by a friend of mine when
he heard that Emin Pasha had entrusted a collection for the British
Museum into the bands of Stokes. He warned me that the latter would
either get rid of the incubus by throwing ıhe cases into the first cataract
he came to, or would sell the collection to Germany. The notes relating
to the consignment were sent by Emin to the then Director of the
Museum, Sir William Flower, and published by him in the “ Proceedings”
of the Zoological Society for 1894 (pp. 596-606). Whether Stokes sold
the collections or not was never discovered, but the fact remains that
they went to Berlin instead of coming to London.

“Erebus” and “ Terror” (H.M.SS.)
See McÜorMIck, Dr. H.

348 Zoology.

Esler (E.).
See GERRARD, E.

Mr. Esler went to the Sudan for Mr. Carl Hagenbeck to collect the
larger Mammalia in pre-Mahdian days. He made collections of birds in
Bogos-Land, chiefly in the neighbourhood of Keren. Many of these early
consignments were bought by nyself and by Capt. G. E. Shelley, and are
included in our respective collections of Alrican birds now in the Museum.
A few were also bought from Mr. Gerrard in later years.

“ Euphrates” Expedition.

46 birds and eggs collected during thisexpedition. Presented. [50. 10.
21, 40-86.]

Evans (Capt. G. N.).

A specimen of a rare Duck (JAsarcornis scutulata) from Bhamo.
[1900. 5. 20, 1.]

Everett (ArLrrep Harr).
See GERRARD, E.; Hıcaıss, T.

Mr. Everett’s whole life was spent in thecause of science, and no man
underwent more privations than this brave naturalist, who undoubtedly
sliortened his days by his devotion to zoological work. From the time
that he entered the service of Raja Brooke in Sarawak his whole mind
was devoted to the study of zoology. I described several of his early
collections from Borneo in the ‘Ibis’ for 1876, pp. 29-52, pl. ii.; 1877,
pp. 1-25; 1893, pp. 550, 559, 560-563, and in the P.Z.S. fur 1879,
p- 343, where Prionochilus everetti is figured (pl. xxx., fig. 1). The
results of his explorations in the Philippines, where he travelled for the
late Marquis of Tweeddale, were described by the latter (P.Z.S.,
1377, pp. 636-703 (Luzon), 755-769 (Cebu), 816-834 (Mindanao);
P.Z.S., 1878, pp. 106-114, pls. vi.-viii. (Dinagat, etc.), 280-288 (Negros),
339-346 (Leyte), 379-381 (Panaon), 611-624, pls. xxxvii., xxxviii.
(Palawan), 708-712 (Bohol), 936-954, pls. lvii.-lix. (Zamboanga); 1879,
pp- 68-73 (Basilan). Several remarkable novelties were discovered by
Everett in the Philippines as well as in the Sulu Archipelago (ef. Sharpe,
“ Ibis,’ 1894, pp. 238-259, pls. vi., vii.).

His later work was for the Hon. Walter Rothschild, and consisted
of exploratiouns in the Lesser Sunda Islands and in Celebes and the
neighbouring islands. The following papers refer to these expeditions:
Hartert, Nov. Zool. i., pp. 469-483 ; ii., pp. 466-478 (Natuna Islands);
iii., pp. 69-71, 149-165 (8. Celebes), PP: 591-599 (Lombok) ; iv., pp.
170-172 (Flores, Djampea Island), 253-273 (Savu), 513-528, pl. ii.;
v., pp. 42-50, pl. i. (8. Flores) ; v., p. 111 (Timor), 455-465 (Lomblon,
Pantar, Ombay), 477-505 (Sumba).

Mr. Everett himself published some valuable papers and notes, the
most importaut being his essay on the zoo-geographical relationship of
the island of Palawan (P.2.8., 1889, p. 220), and his “List of tbe Birds
of the Bornean Group of Islands ” (J. Straits’ Branch R. Asiatie Soc.,
1589, P- ale

173 birds from Borneo. Exchanged. [94. 7. 5, 1-173.]

199 birds from Borneo and Palawan. Preseuted. [93. 7. 4, 1-18;
94. 8. 6, 1-171; 95. 3. 8, 1-10.)

For obituary notices, see ‘ Ibis,’ 1898, p. 627, Nov. Zool., v., p. 606.

Birds. 3

Everett (Harorp H.).
See Hısaıss, 'T.

A brother of Alfred Everett and a good collector. I described a
collection of his from Sarawak, with some notes on Üyornis rufifrons, and
a new Bulbul (/xidia paroticalis) in the “ Ibis” for 1878 (pp. 417-419).

The Rev. H. H. Slater described another collection of Mr. Harold
Everett’s from the Bangal Hills in Sarawak, and named Miyiophoneus
borneensis and Parus cinerascens (Ibis, 1885, pp. 123, 124). The latter
rame being preoccupied, he changed it to P. sarawacensis (Ibis, 1885,
p- 327). It has never been found again, whereas Myiophoneus borneensis
has been met with on several mountains in N.W. Borneo (Kina Balu,
Dulit, etec.).

Exton (Dr. H.).

51 birds and eges from the Orange River Colony and the Transvaal.
Presented. [76. 1.25, 14; 76. 10. 18, 1-23; 77.2.5, 14; 77. 4. 23,
1-20.]

Petrochelidon spilodera was new to the collection. Dr. Exton collected
in Matabeleland when it was still an unexplored country, and resided
for some time at Kanye. Darbatula extoni was a new Barbet discovered
by him.

Eyton (Tuomas CAnmPBELL).
See GERRARD, E.

Eyton was a well-known Shropshire naturalist and a coadjutor with
Jardine in the days of the “ Contributions to Ornithologsy.” He was the
author of “ A Catalogue of the British Birds,” 8vo, vi. + 68 pp. (1836) ;
“ History of the Rarer Brıtish Birds,” 8vo, pp. 1-101 (1836) ; “ Monograph
of the Anatid&” (1838); and “ Östeologia Avium.” One of his prineipal
papers was a “Catalogue of a Collection of Birds from Malaya,” with
descriptions of new species (P.7.S., 1839, p. 100), wherein some now very
well-known forms were described for the first time.

After his death his collection was purchased by Mr. E. Gerrard, and
I made a selection of the types for the Museum. The labelling of the
collection was in such an illesible handwriting that I fear I missed identi-

fying a few of them, but the majority of the Eyton types are now in the
British Museum.

Cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxviii., p. 107.
Farnum (J. E. and G. L.).

74 birds from the Khingan Mountains, Mongolia. Presented. [98. 11.
15, 1-74.]

See SMITH, DONALDSON.

Faber (Yon).

‚See GERRARD.

Farquhar (Capt. A. M., R.N.).

121 specimens from the New Hebrides.. Presented. [1900. 1. 10,
1-121.]

2 specimens of Hgithalus macedonica, new to the collection. [1901.
4.13,1 and 2.]

This remarkable donation of birds by Capt. Farquhar added 12 new
species to the Museum, and these were described by me in the Bulletin
of the British Ornithologists’ Club, vol. x. (pp. xxxviii, xxxix), and in

350 Zoology.

the “Ibis” for 1900 (pp. 337-354), when a complete account of the
collection was given, with a figure (pl. vii.) of a beautiful new King-
fisher (Halcyon farguhari). Some notes on the birds of the New
Hebrides are added by Capt. Farquhar himself in the same volume of the
“Ibis” (pp. 607-612). His ship having been recently on the Medi-
terranean station, he has procured specimens of Zgithalus macedonica for
the Museum, and has written a paper on the nesting of Falco eleonore in
the Levant (“ Ibis,” 1902, pp. 166-168).

Fayrer (Sir Joszru), Bart., LL.D., F.R.S.

A Black-headed Gull (Larus ridibundus) and Black-throated Diver
(Colymbus arcticus) from Falmouth. [1904. 2. 6, 1; 1905. 12. 4, 1.]

A Herring Gull (Larus argentatus), a Shag (Phalacrocorax graculus),
and a Great Northern Diver (Colymbus glacialis) Irom Falmoutli. [1901.
12. 6,1; 1902. 12. 28, 1; 1903. 1. 18, 1.]

Sir Joseph, who is one of the survivors of the siege of Lucknow, has

always taken a great interest in Natural History, and, since his retirement
from Indian service, has continualiy procured specimens for the British
Museum (see “ Who’s Who,” 1905, p. 528).

Feilden (Colonel H. W.), ©.B., 0.M.Z.8.

Visited the Froe Islands in 1872 (cf. Zooloeist, 1872, pp. 3210-3225,
3245-3257, 3277-3294). Was naturalist to H.M.S. Alert during Sir
George Nares’ Arctic voyaze. Has collected in many countries, and done
good work on everv occasion. In company with Colonel A. E Butler
and Captain Savile Reid he made an interesting collection of birds near
Newcastle, in Natal, durivg the first Boer War (cf. Zuologist, 1882, pp.
165-171, 204-212, 243-258, 297-303, 335-845, 423-430, 460). He has
accompanied Mr. Henry J. Pearson on his expeditions to Novaya Zemlya
and other parts of Northern Europe (cf. Hist. Coll. Brit. Mus., i., p. 288;
Pearson, postea, p. ):

100 specimens of birds and eggs from Greenland and the Arctic
Regions, obtaind during the expedition under Sir George Nares in
H.M.S. Alert (cf. P.Z.S., 1877, pp. 28-32; Ibis, 1877, pp. 401412).
Presented by the Lords of the Treasury. [77. 11. 10, 1-51; 77. 11. 23,
1-3; 78.7.2, 1-46.]

Among the specimens obtained by Colonel Feilden on this occasion
were three nestlings of the Knot (Tringa canutus).

A nest and four eggs of the Dartford Warbler (Melizophilus undatus)
(cf. Zoologist, 1872, p. 3272), and two eggs of the Black urouse (Zyrurus
tetrix) from Wolmer Forest. Presented. [78. 9. 20, 1-7.

3l eggs, 2 birds, and 1 nest from Barbados. Presentel. [91. 7.11,
1-34] (cf. Feilden, “ Ibis,” 1889, pp. 477-503).

29 birds from various localities. Presented. [94. 11. 1, 1-29.]

16 birds and 8 skeletons from N. Greenland and Spitsbergen.
Presented. [94. 11. 22, 1-16; 95. 2. 10, 1-8.]

and Harvie-Brown (J. A.).
39 birds from the Petchora River. Presented. [76. 5. 1, 4-42.]
These were duplicates from the collection made on the Petchora River,
by Mr. Harvie-Brown, who was Seebohm’s companion (ef. “Ibis,” 1876,
pr. 105-126, 215-230, 289-311, 434-456). Colonel Feilden and Mr.
Harvie-Brown have jvined collections.

in nn u — — — ——

Birds. 351

Ferguson (HaroıD S.).

22 birds from Travancore. Presented. [1900. 5. 24, 1-12; 1900.
10. 6, 1-10.]

Mr. Ferguson was the Director of the Museum at Trevandrum, and
sent some interesting species to the National Övllection.

Ferguson (R.).

16 speeimens from the Himalayas. Presented. [38. 7. 9, 1-10.]

Ferryman.
See MOCHLER-FERRYMAN.

Bunch (B.T.), C.I.E.
33 birds from Fao, Persian Gulf. Presented. [1901. 9. 16, 1-33.]

Field (Leoroun).
‚See STEVENS, H.
A well-known oologist, whose collection was dispersed in 1895. A
beautiful series of the eygs of Cuculus canorus, with the eggs of the
foster-pareuts, was secured by the Museum.

Finckh (H. E.).
2 eggs of the Kagu (Ithinochetus jubatus). Purchased. [1904. 7. 25,
1-2.]

Finn (Frank).

5 specimens from Calcutta. Presented. [1902. 10. 18, 1-8.]

2 specimens. [1903. 7. 2, 2-3.]

Until recently Mr. Finn was the Assistant Director of the Indian
Museum, Calcutta, and he has written some interesting papers in the
‘ Journal’ of the Asiatic Society of Bengal and the * Proceedings ’ of the
Zoological Society.

Finsch (Dr. Orro).
See BREMEN, GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY OF; SCHNEIDER, G.

A few duplicates from Dr. Finsch’s ornitholosical cullections have
fouud their way into the British Museum, and the first set of the series
from his well-known Siberian expelition was purchased by the Trustees,

A record of the life-work of this diligent zoologist is to be found in
his “ Systematische Uebersicht der Ergebnisse seiner Reisen und schrift-
stellerischen T'bätiekeit ” (1359-1899), published in Berlin in 1399. His
voyages to West Siberia (1876), the South Sea Islands (1879-1885), New
Guinea (1834-1885), and their results are fully described, and a list of his
works and papers (uver 400 in number) is given.

Dr. Finsch was until recently the Curator of the Ormnitholosical
Department in the Leyden Museum, where he was employed as an
Assistant in hıs young days, when he wrote his celebrated monosraph of
the Parrots under eircumstances of great dificulty. He has done much
in recent years to elucidate the treasures of that great Museum, and
many valuable memoirs have appeared in the “ Notes of the Leyden
Museum.”

Fisher (THEoDoRrE).

70 Biitish birds collected and mounted by himself, Presented,
[88. 5. 20, 1-70.]

352 Zoology.

Fitzgerald (E. A.).

127 birds from the Andes, collected by P. H. Gosse during the expedi-
tion to Aconcagua. Presented. [99. 1. 20, 1-95; 99. 2. 4, 1-32.]

In Mr. Fitzgerald’s book “ The Highest Andes, 1899,” a chapter on
the birds of the Aconcagua Valley is written by Mr. Gosse (pp. 342-352).

Fitzroy (Admiral).
See BURNETT, Sir W.
Of. Dict. Nat. Biog., xix., pp. 207-209.

Fleming (J.).
5l birds from Darjiling. Presented. [
(Suthora ruficeps) new to the collection.

Fleming (J. H.).

546 birds from Canada. Received in exchange [98. 5. 10, 1-344;
98. 9. 91, 1-99; 99. 4. 4, 1-103.]

A valuable addition to the Museum collection, as there were scarcely
any Canadian birds in the series of North American species.

2 examples of Nuttall’s Goat-suckers (Phalznoptilus nuttalli) from
California. Presented. [1904. 8. 10, 1-2.]

Flower (Capt. STANLEY S.).

See ROYAL SIAMESE MUSEUM.

38 birds from Siam. Presented. [98. 10. 30, 11-20; 99.1. 12, 1-9;
99. 8. 10, 1-19] (ef. Flower, Ibis, 1898, pp. 319-327).

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A new Grakle was named by me Sturnopastor floweri. [Of. Bull.

B.0.0, vil., p- zvi., 1897-1]

22 birds from the White Nile. Presented. [1900. 8. 30, 1- 22.

A female Ostrich from the neishbourhood of Khartum. Presented.
[ 1903. 11. 30, 1.]

A son of the late Sir William Flower, Director of the Natural History
Museum. Captain Flower is now the Director of the Zoological Gardens
at Ghizeh in Egypt.

“ Flying Fish ” (Voyage H.M.S.).
See MACLEAR, Admiral.

Forbes (H. O.), LL.D., Reader in Ethnology at the University
of Liverpool.
See BRITISH ASSOCIATION; GERRARD, E.; JANSOoN, O.; OGILVIE-
GRANT, W.R.

10 specimens from the Tenimber Islands and Sumatra. Presented.
[84. 5. 10, 1-10.]

6 specimens of Anas supereiliosa from Lake Wakolo, Buru. Presented.
[84. 6.2, 1-6.]

5 specimens of Hirundo gutturalis from Kajeli, Buru. Presented.
[84. 7. 30, 5-9.]

68 specimens from the interior of British New Guinea, including
the types of 4 new species, Zthectes meridionalis, Melirrhopetes batesi,
Pseudogerygone einereiceps, Rallicula forbesi ; and 7 species new to the
collection. Purchased. [88. 3. 24, 1-52; 88. 4. 4, 1-13; 88. 6. 19, 1-3.]

25 birds from the New Zealand and the Chatham Islands. Presented.
[94. 2. 20, 1-20; 94. 4. 18, 1-5.]

In this series was the type of a new Fruit Pigeon (Carpophaga

Birds. 393

chathamica, Forbes, Nature, vol. xlvi., p. 252, 1892, = (0. chathamensis,
Rothschild, P.Z.S., 1891, p. 312, pl. xxviii.).

133 skins and bones of birds from the Chatham Islands. Purchased.
[92. 10. 31, 1-21; 93. 1. 30, 1-35-78; 93. 6. 24, 1-16; 93. 12. 31, 1-6;
94,4. 18, 1-5; 94. 5. 1, 1-60.]

While on the Chatham Islands a series of bones of Diaphorapteryx
and other specimens of extinct forms of birds were procured and described
by Dr. Forbes, as well as examples of Cabalus modestus, the peculiar Rail
of the islands, now believed to be extinct (cf. his paper on “ The Birds of
the Chatham Islands,” Ibis, 1893, pp. 521-546, pls. xiv., xv.).

After his adventurous explorations in the Tenimber Islands and other
Malayan and Papuan Islands, Dr. Forbes was for some years Director
ofthe Museum at Christchurch, New Zealand, and shortly after his return
to England he was appointed Director of Museums at Liverpool, where
he has done some excellent work. A recently published volume on the
Zoolugy of Sokotra gives an account of the expedition to that island,
which he made in company with Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant.

(Of. Forbes, “ A Naturalist’s Wanderings in the Eastern Archipelago,”
1885, where a complete account of his early labours is published ; cf. also
Nicholson, F., on the birds collected by Mr. H. O. Forbes in the Island
of Java, Ibis, 1881, pp. 139-156; in Sumatra, Ibis, 1882, pp. 51-65,
66-71; 1883, pp. 235-257, pl. x.).

Forbes (W. A.).

426 specimens from Nigeria (vide infra), and his collection of Weaver-
birds (Ploceide), eight species being new to the collection. Presented
by his executors. [84. 1. 10, 1-426.]

Forbes was the successor of Garrod as Prosector to the Zoological
Society, and was an equally brilliant man. After a successful expedition
to Pernambuco (cf. “ Ibis,” 1881, pp. 312-362), he made a voyage to the
Niger, where he unfortunately died—a grievous loss to science (cf. Shelley,
“Ibis,” 1883, pp. 538-562; ZEgialitis forbesi, n.sp., pl. xiv.). Forbes’
last journal is published in the “Ibis” for 1883, pp. 491-537 ; 1884,
pp- 119-120.] His collection he bequeathed to the Nation. His Per-
nambuco collections are also in the Museum, having been’ given by
Forbes to Dr. Sclater and to Messrs. Salvin and Godman. A complete
collection of his memoirs, edited by Mr. F. E. Beddard, with an account
of his life by Dr. P. L. Sclater, was issued in 1885.

Foreign Office.
See N. AMERICAN BOUNDARY COMMISSION (pP. ); “CHALLENGER,”
H.M.S. (p. ); N. AmERIcAN BOUNDARY COMMISSION (p.

Foresman (A.).

21 birds from the Transvaal. Presented. [69. 10. 7, 1-21.]
Forrer (A.).

24 birds, including three species new to the collection, from Van-
couver Island and California. [80. 5. 5, 1-24.]

Mr. Forrer was a very good collector who travelled in Western North
America, Western Mexico, and also visited the Tres Marias Islands. The
first series of his Mexican collections was purchased by Dr. F. D. Godman,
and is described by Messrs. Salvin and Godman in the “ Biologia Centrali-
Americana,” where Chrysomitris forreri is named after him.

Forrester (T. W.).

19 birds from Spain and other localities. Presented. [1904. 8.8, 1-19.]
VOL, II. 2A

354 Zoology.

Fortnum (C.D. E.).

39 birds from South Australia. [42. 6. 29, 17-55.]

Foster (W.).

14 birds from Paraguay. Presented. [1902. 3. 24, 1-14.]

253 birds and 312 eggs from Sapucay, Paraguay. Purchased. [1903.
12. 22, 1-114; 1903. 12. 23, 1-139 ; 1904. 7. 26, 1-312.]

906 birds and 745 nests and eges from Paraguay. Purchased. [1905.
10. 12, 1-906; 1905. 10. 13, 1-745.]

Fothergill (Major H.).

A skeleton of Cloephaga magellanica. [98. 4. 7, 1.]

A specimen of Orossoptilum manchuricum. [98. 4. 14, 1.]

A young example of a Magellanic Goose (Chloephaga magellanica),
died in captivity. Presented. [1904. 7. 4, 1.]

Fotheringham (J.).
20 birds from Darjiling. Presented. [77. 4. 21, 1-20.]

Franeis (H. F.).

9 birds from the Transvaal. Presented. [96. 2. 13, 1-9] (ef. W.L.
Sclater, Ibis, 1859, pp. 111-115).

Frank (G. A.).

143 specimens of skins and skeletons of birds from various localities.
Purchased. [45. 6. 3, 1-5; 45. 7. 16, 1-4; 46. 5. 5, 6-36; 49. 3. 2,
41-67; 66. 2.13, 1-13; 72. 2. 10, 1-23; 72. 10. 4, 7-46.]

F'rank was a natural history agent in Amsterdam, from whom the
Museum received many fine Mammalia and Birds. For years he received
the duplicates from the Leyden Museum, and offered the best of these
to the Trustees until the time when Count Turati began forming his
splendid Museum at Milan, when mest of the birds were sold to him by
Frank, as the Count gave prices which no public Museum could affurd.

Frank (G. A., jun.).

35 birds from the Comoro Islands. Purchased. [88. 5. 4, 1-35.]

177 birds’ skins and specimens in spirit, from Liberia. [99. 7.1,
1-162; 99. 8. 10, 23-37.]

A son of the above, who succeeded to his father’s business, which was
tran-ferred t» London. After the death of Professor Schlegel, the
explorations of the Dutch Government in their East Indian Colonies
gradually ceased, and there were no more duplicates from the Leyden
Museum for disposal to our Museum.

Frank bousht up many of the duplicates of the Humblot collection
from the Comoro Islands (cf. Milne-Edwards and Oustalet, “ Etudes sur
les Mammiferes et les Oiseaux des Iles Comores,” Nouv. Arch. Mus. (2)
x., pp. 211-297, pls. iv.-ix. 1389), and the set purchased from him in 1888
contained the new genus Aumblotia and twelve species unrepresented in
the national collection. Many duplicate skins and birds in spirits were
purchased from Dr. Büttikofer’s Liberian collection through Frank.

Fraser (Louis).

300 specimens of birds, skeletons, and eggs from Tunis. Purchased.
[46. 10. 30, 1-147 ; 47. 8. 26, 6-28; 47. 10. 21-10, 14-21, 25-53; 48.1.
10, 1-22,

Birds. 309

19 specimens from West Africa. Purchased. [51. 11.5, 1-3; 51. 11.
27, 1-12; 53.1. 26, 1-5.]

76 specimens, registered as from “Seuth America.” [59. 1. 12,
1-19; 59. 4. 26, 1-13; 60. 6. 12, 1-4; 60. 11. 9, 1-13; 60. 12.5, 1-19;
62. 1. 17, 1-7.]

Mr. Gerrard, senior, can remember Fraser as a young man employed
at the Zoological Society’s Museum in Brewer Street, Golden Square.
Here he picked up his knowledge of natural history. He wrote several
pıpers and described various new species of birds in the “ Proceedings ” of
the Zoological Society, from 1839-1845, 1850-1856. Was appointed
naturalist on board H.M.S. Wilberforce in the expedition up the River
Niger, 1841-42 (cf. Allen and Thomson, “ Narrative of the Expedition
to the Niger in 1841,” i., p. 467, 1848; list of the species described, op.
eit., ii., pp. 483-508).

He was an excellent naturalist, and was a protege of the Earl of Derby,
who procured him a consular appointment in 1850 at Whydah, West
Coast of Africa. In 1357 he was in Ecuador, collecting for Dr. Sclater
(cf. P.Z.S., 1858, pp. 449-461; 1859, pp. 135-147; 1860, pp. 73-98,
272-501).

I only remember him in his later life, when his caligraphy was
really beautiful, and he was employed by Dr. Sclater to write the labels
for the animals in the Zoological Gardens. He afterwards had a shop for
living animals at the Polytechnice in Regent Street, and I remember him
also ın another small shop near Tattersail’s, Knightsbridge, after which
I heard that he had gone to California, where, I believe, he died.

Cf. Dict. Nat. Biogr., xx., p. 215.

Frere (R.T.).
28 eggs of British birds. Presented. [52. 3. 20, 1-28. ]

Fry (ALEXANDER).

947 birds from Rio de Janeiro. Presented. [95. 4. 1, 1-947.]

Mr. Fry was a well-known coleopterist, and was always a good
friend to the British Museum. His collection from the neighbourhood of
Rio de Janeiro is probably one of the most extensive ever made in that
province, and its value to the Museum can scarcely be overestimated.

Fulton (H.T.).
86 birds from Chitral. Presented. [1904. 12. 5, 1-36.]

Gaekwar of Baroda (His Highness The).

52 birds from Somali Land. Presented. [1901. 4. 20, 1-52.]

H.H. The Gaekwar is a very keen naturalist, and the Baroda Museum
is a feature of the country over which he rules. Dr. Donaldson Smith,
the well-known African explorer, made an expedition into Somali Land
on behalf of the Gaekwar, who kindly allowed the British Museum to
take any specimens ot interest for the National Collection. The results of
the expedition were described by me in the “ Proceedings of the Zoological
Society ” (1901, vol. ii., pp..298-316), and a new Warbler (Camaroptera
gaekwari) was named after His Hishness the Gaekwar.

Galton (Sir Francıs).

h = birds from the 5tn Cataract of the Nile. Presented. [49. 2. 8,
-34.

A232

.

356 Zoology.

Gätke (Heinrich).

4 birds from Heligoland, mounted by himself and presented. [76. 10.
17, 4-17.]

In company with the late Henry Seebohm and Mr. Frank Nicholson,
of Manchester, I visited Helisoland in 1876, and shared with them
those wonderful experiences which Seebohm has so graphically described
in his books.

Gätke was undoubtedly one of the grandest-looking old men I have
ever seen, with the exception of Edward Blyth, who resembled him in his
leonine appearance. He had resided in Heligoland for many years, and
was an accomplished marine painter. Around his studio he had arranzed
his collection of birds, all mounted by himself, and mostly first-rate
specimens. Several White’s T'hrushes (Oreocichla varia) and other
migrants to this wonderful island resting-place were mounted in glass
cases. Unfortunately the studio was lighted from the top, and the
windows being unprotected by blinds, and exposed to the sun of every
North Sea summer, the most lamentable exhibition of damage by light
which it has ever been my lot to behold ensued in Gätke’s studio,
Specimens of unique and priceless value were bleached almost beyond
recognition, and I was not sorry that Seebohm’s negotiations for the
purchase of the Gätke collection fell to the ground. His intention was
to buy the collection (after the surreuder of the island to Germany) and
present it to the British Museum, providing for it a special case, in order
to teach the public what {he migration of birds to one isolated spot really
meant. Considerinz the faded condition of the specimens, I was decidedly
glad that Seebohm’s generous offer (far beyond the actual value of
the collection) was refused, and that the German Government, in a proper

patriotic spirit, decided that the Gätke collection should not be trans-

frred to this country.

(Of. Gätke, “ Vogelkarte Helgolands,” 1891, 8vo, pp. 1-609. English
translation by Rosenstock, Edinburgh and London, 8vo, pp. x and
599, illustrated. (/. also Seebohm, Ibis, 1892, pp. 1-32; Cordeaux,
Ibis, 1875, pp. 172-188. Obituary Notice, Ibis, 1897, pp. 291-
294).

Gaumer (Dr. G. F.).

Collected in Yucatan, and on the islands of the Bay of Honduras (ef.
Lawrence Salvin, Ibis, 1888, pp. 241-265 ; 1889, pp. 359-379; 1890,
pp- 84-95).

Geale (F.).

10 specimens from Prince’s Island, Bigbt of Biafra. Purchased.
[66. 7. 20, 1-10. ]

These birds were duplicates from Dr. Dohrn’s collection (cf. P.Z.S.
1366, pp. 324-332, pl. xxx.). They were prepared by J. G. Keulemans,
who as a boy accompanied Dr. Dohrn in his expedition to the Cape
Verde Islands and West Africa.

21 specımens from Mexico. Purchased. [66. 12, 21, 1-21.]

Geale was assistant to Hugh Cuming, and carried on the business
after the death of the last-named naturalist. When I knew him he had
a shop in Drury Lane. 1 purchased the Kingfishers from the Dohrn
collection, and this was my first experience (as a boy) of the high
prices it was possible to pay for bird-skins, when necessary for my
Monvograph of tlıe Alcedinida !

Birds.

co
[ri
—I

Gedge (Ernest).

10 specimens rom Uganda, including the type of Francolinus gedgei,
Grant, “Ibis,” 1891, p. 124; Sharpe, “Ibis,” 1892, p. 551, pl. xiv.
Presented. [93. 12.1, 46; 94. 2. 24, 1-9.]

Genoa Museum (Director, Professor RAFAELLO GESTRO).

2 specimens from Papuasia, new to the collection. Received in
exchange. [76. 7.18, 1, 2.]

6 specimens from the Arfak Mts. in N.W. New Guinea, including
three species new to the Museum. [82. 5. 30, 2-7.]

26 specimens irom SNouth-eastern New Guiuea, collected by the
Marquis L. Lorie. Purchased. [97. 8. 29, 1-26.]

9 species new to the collection, 4 specimens being co-types (cf. Salva-
dori, Ann. Mus. Civic. Genoa, (2), xvi., pp. 55-120, 1896).

Gerrard (EpDwArD, jun.).

44 specimens from Chile, collected by Mr. E. C. Reed, of Santiago.
Purchased. [71. 6. 28, 1-44.]

60 specimens from Panama. Purchased. [72. 2. 8, 1-60.]

15 specimens from Ecuador, Purchased. [72. 5. 27, 25-39.]

3 specimens of Oreotrochilus chimborazo from Ecuador and 24 birds
from the Rio Negro and Patagonia (cf. Sclater, P.Z.S., 1872, pp. 534-550,
pl. xxxi.). Purchased. [72. 5. 28, 1-27.]

58 specimens from Costa Rica. Purchased. [72. 5. 29, 1-58.]

11 specimens from Jalapa collected by M. de Oca. Purchased.
[72. 10. 25, 15-25.]

11 specimens from South America. Purchased. [72. 10. 28, 1-6;
72. 11. 23, 2-6.]

56 specimens from Bogos-Land collected by Mr. Esler [q.v.]. Pur-
chased. [73. 2. 25, 1-41; 74. 11. 13, 4-15.]

12 birds from Yarkand. These specimens are the types of the new
species described by Mr. A. O. Hume in the “ Ibis” for 1871, pp. 407-411;
they were collected by Dr. G. Henderson (cf. Henderson and Hume,
“ Lahore to Yärkand”). [73. 6. 30, 1-12.]

15 birds from the Southern Ural Mountains collected by Dr. Strader.
These birds were received from the Moscow Museum by Jamrach, who
sold them to Gerrard. Purchased. [73. 7. 2, 1-15.]

89 specimens of Hauks and Owls from various localities. Purchased.
[73. 8. 20, 1-42, 73. 10. 31, 2-24, 74.1.10, 1-4; 74. 4. 29, 3-19.]

12 specimens, one new to the collection, from the Interior of Queens-
land, collected by J. B. White (c/. Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1375, pp. 337-339).
Purchased. [75. 4. 19, 1-12.]

43 speeimens, ineluding the type of Falco brookei, from Sardinia,
collected by the late A. Basil Brooke. Purchased. [75. 5. 1, 6-48.]

93 specımens from various localities, 3 new to the collection. Pur-
chased. [76. 1.4, 1-6; 76.1. 31, 1-52; 76.9. 18,1-6; 77. 5. 31, 1-29.]

25 specimens from Ceylon, including Bubo pectoralis, new to the
collection, collected by A. Whyte. Purchased. [77. 11. 9, 1-25.]

10 specimens, adding four species not previously represented in the
collection, from Duke of York Island and New Britain, collected by the
Rev. G. Brown. Purchased. [78. 3. 14, 1-10.]

4 specimens, including Micr«ca papuana, new to the collection, from
New Guinea, duplicates from the celebrated expedition of Dr. A. B. Meyer.
Purchased. [78. 4. 27, 1-4.]

358 Zoology.

15 specimens from N.W. Borneo collected by the late Governor H. T.
Ussher. Purchased. [78. 5. 3, 1-15.]

50 specimens from Colombia collected by the late T. K. Salmon.
Purchased. [78. 9. 30, 2-51.]

These consisted of a few species required by the Museum at the time, but
the bulk of this excellent collector’s specimens passed into the hands of
Messrs. Salvinand Godman, and Dr. Sclater. With the acquisition of these
great collections, the British Museum possesses nearly the entire results of
Salmon’s work in Antioquia. 468 species were obtained by hin, and his
collections were described in 1879 by Dr. Sclater and Mr. Osbert Salvin in
their paper, “On the Birds collected by the late Mr. T. K. Salmon in the
State of Antioquia, United States of Colombia ” (P.Z.S., 1879, pp. 486-
550, pls. xli.-xlüi.). Ihe collection was especially rich in eggs, many of
which were figured for the first time. Several new species were described :
Oyphorhinusdichrous (pl. x\i.), Buarremon eleoprorus, Automolus ignobilis,
Grallaria rufoeinerea, and Brachyyalba salmoni. All the types of these
species are now in the British Museum.

4 speeimens, two new to the collection, from the Arfak Mountains.
Purchased. [78. 10. 23, 1-4.]

10 specimens from Angola collected by Mr. A. S. Heath. Purchased.
[78. 10. 23, 5-14.] (See Sharpe, R. Bowdler, infra, p. s

Heath was a clever young man who succeeded to an excellent business
as a solieitor, built up by years of labour by his father. He would not
stick to the drudgery of a city life, and wanted to go abroad and collect
specimens for the Museum, but 22 skins were all that we ever received
from him.

40 birds from the Pelew Islands collected by Mr. Cohen. Purchased.
[78. 10. 29, 1-40.]

I do not know who Mr. Cohen was, but his collection was purchased
by Gerrard and offered to the Museum, whereby we obtained a number
of interesting species, of which twelve were new to the national collection.

11 specimens, of which 6 species were new to the national collection,
from the Molucca islands. Purchased. [78. 11. 12, 1-11.]

25 speeimens of Passerine birds, including 10 species new to the
collection, from India and Burma. Purchased. [79. 2. 4, 1-25.]

69 specimens, including 16 species new to the collection, trom the
neighbourhood of Port Moresby, in British New Guinea, collected by
Mr. Kendal Broadbent. Purchased. [79. 3. 6, 1-69.]

T’his collection was described by me in the “Journal” of the Linnean
Society (Zool., xiv., pp. 626-634, 1879). I had named, in April 1879, two
new species as Pacilodryas flavieincta and Aprosmictus broadbenti, in the
“ Annals and Magazine of Natural History,” 1879, p. 313. Mr. Broadbent
had, however, sent specimens to the Sydney Museut, and Mr. E. P.
Ramsay described the same species as Aprosmictus chloropterus and
Pecilodryas placens, so that my names were pre-occupied.

58 bones of the extinct Goose, Onemiornis caleitrans. Purchased.
[79. 3. 11, 1-58.]

36 birds, one species new to the collection, from Borneo and the
Philippines, collected by Harold Everett. Purchased. [79. 5. 3, 1-86.]

20 specimens from Burma, Central and South America, containing one
species new to the collection. Purchased. [80. 9. 13, 1-20.]

43 specimens, including types of three newly-described species and
nine new to the national collection, from $.E. New Guinea, collected by
C. Hunstein (ef. Sharpe, Ann. and Mag. N. H. (5), vi., pp. 231, 232, 1880).
Purchased. |[50. 9. 13, 21-63.)

Birds. 359

293 birds and 108 skeletons from the Eyton collection. Purchased.
[80. 12. 31, 1-88; 81.1. 17, 1-103; 81. 2. 18, 1-205.]

To the importance of the Eyton collection, with its 71 types
of ancient species and seven new to the collection, I have already

referred (supra, P. ). The skeletons, being the specimens on
which his “ Osteologia Avium ” was fouuded, were also a most desirable
acquisition.

6 specimens from Australia, collected by A. P. Goodwin, and two from
S.E. New Guinea, collected by A. Goldie. Purchased. [81. 3. 15, 1-8.]

100 specimens from New Britain and Duke of York Island, collected
by the Rev. G. Brown (cf. Sclater, P.Z.S., 1579, pp. 446-451, pls. xxxvi.
and xxxvii., and 1880, pp. 65-67, pls. vi.-vıii.). Purchased. [81. 3. 29,
1-100.

m collection contains 8 types of birds descrihed as new to science
by Dr. Sclater and 21 species hitherto unrepresented in the national
collection.

11 birds from Borneo. Three species from the Lawas river, collected
by Sir W. H. Treacher, were new to the collection. Purchased. [81.4. 21,
1-11.]

4 birds from S.E. New Guinea. Purchased. [81. 4. 22, 1-4.]

17 birds from the Gold Cvast, collected by the late Governor Ussher.
Purchased. [81. 9. 24, 1-17.]

This is a fragment only of the great collection of birds made by
Governor Ussher before his death. He was keenly interested in the
natural history of the colony over which he ruled, and shortly before
his death I received letters from him annonneing his return to England
with the largest collection of birds he had ever made, with rare species
like Picathartes gymnocephalus and many other apparent novelties from
the interior of the Gold Coast. He had also made a special study of the
game-birds from the Accra district, and believed that he had obtained a
complete series of these birds.. What became of this collection, of which
there must have been several cases, was never actually discovered, but a
few seem to have found their way to England and to have come ultimately
into Gerrard’s hands. One of these specimens threw me off my guard
on this occasion, and I described a pale moulting bird which looked like a
Flycatcher as Muscicapa ussheri. lt turned out to be a Garden Warbler
(Sylvia simplex) !

45 birds from various localities. Purchased. [81. 11. 5, 1-45.]

55 birds from Sikhim and other parts of the Indian Empire. Pur-
chased. [81. 12. 28, 3-57.]

These were duplicates from the Hume coll«ction sent home by Mr.
Hume for disposal or for exchange. Many of these skins were uf the
utmost service tv me in the preparation of the “ Catalogue of Birds,” as
of course at tlıat time I had no idea that four years later Mr. Hume
was going to present his wonderful collection to the Museum.

132 birds from South-eastern New Guinea, collected by Mr. A. Goldie.
Purchased. [82. 3. 5, 1-5; 82. 3. 8, 1-121; 83. 6. 5, 1-6.]

These collections contaıned 33 species not previously represented in
the Museum, eleven of them being new. I described the collection in
the Linnean Society’s “Journal” (vol. xvi., pp. 917-319, 422-447).
Among the novelties were such fine birds as Trichoglossus goldiei,
Hthomyias guttata, Eupetes pulcher, Munia grandis, Phonygama hun-
steini, and Ptilorhis intercedens.

14 birds from the west coast of Sumatra, collected by Dr. von Fabır.
Purchased. [82. 7. 24, 1-14.]

360 Zoology.

516 specimens from the Jardine collection. Purchased. [86. 6. 24,
1-516.]

This important collection, full of historical specimens, was dispersed
by auction ın London after Sir William Jardine’s death. I did my best
to identify the type-specimens as the collection lıy in a crowded auetion
room, and eventually the Museum secured twenty-five of the most impor-
tant ones, but some were purchased over our heads. The fate of this
most interesting collection is one of the saddest memories I have. The
printed catalogue was simply ridiculous, for if I remember rightly it
recorded the types of Linnean species like the Peregrine Falcon and the
Common Swift, and the collection ought to have fetched more thousands
of pounds than it did hundreds. The Museum did not get half what we
wanted, and one of the things I most regret was the series of South
African species, wbich included a set of Sir Andrew Smith’s skins.
There were many beautiful skins of Bustards, and I felt the want of these
when I was writing the “Catalogue of Birds.” I fear that the bid
offered by the Museum was outdone by someone who wanted the
specimens for fly-fishing !

54 birds from N.W. Borneo, collected by A. H. Everett, including the
type of Carpophaga everetti from Mantanani Island. Purchased. [88. 8.
13, 1-54.]

40 skins from Kashgar and Yarkand, collectted by the Rev. Dr.
Landsdell. Purchased. [89. 7. 3, 1-26; 89. 7. 30, 1-14.]

235 specimens from the Baram Province of Sarawak, collected by Dr.
Charles Hose, the Resident of Baram. Purchased. [89. 1. 17, 1-21;
89. 7. 31, 1-14; 89. 9. 21, 1-13; 90. 2.1, 1-13; 92. 4. 29, 1-51; 92. 8.
25, 1-50; 94. 2. 2, 1-21; 94. 6. 26, 1-21; 1900. 9. 1, 1-31.]

This collection, which was made by Dr. Hose on Mounts Dulit, -
Mulu, and Kalulong, contains the types of the descriptions given in
the “Ibis” for 1892, pp. 322-324, and Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, i., pp. 4
and 5 (1892).

11 birds from Madagascar, collected by A. Majastre. Purchased.
[89. 9. 5, 1-11.]

100 specimens from Labuan and Mount Penrisen, N. W. Borneo,
collected by A. H. Everett and Dr. C. Hose. This collection includes the
type of Siphia everetti and 9 species new to the collection. Purchased.
[90. 6. 14, 1-100.]

447 specimens from Captain Savile G. Reid’s collection. Purchased.
[92. 5. 6, 1-447.]

This collection, which was principally from Bermuda and Natal, forms
part of the material on which Captain Reid’s “ Birds of the Bermudas,”
and Butler, Feilden and Reid’s “ Ormithological Notes from Natal,” were
based (cf. “* Zoologist,” 1877, pp. 393-424, 473-493 ; op. eit., 1882, pp. 165-
171, 204-212, 243-258, 297-303, 335-845, 423-429, 460).

230 specimens from the mountains of N.W. Borneo, principally from
Mount Kina Balu, collected by A. H. Everett. Purchased. [92. 10. 30,
1-118 ; 93. 6. 22, 1-23; 95.1. 26, 1-7; 95. 11. 19, 1-82.]

These collections contained several species new to the Museum, and
types of two undescribed species, Scops mantananensis and Arachnothera
everetti.

34 bones of Dinornis and Harpagornis from Omeru, New Zealand,
from Dr. Forbes’ collection. Purchased. [93. 1. 30, 1-34.]

65 birds from the Sulu Archipelago collected by Mr. A. H. Everett.
Purchased. [94. 4. 20, 1-52.]

This collection, containing 4 types of species new to science and 5

Birds. 361

not previously representel in the national collection, was described in
the “ Ibis ” for 1894, pp. 238-259, pls. vi. and vii.

5 esgs of Apteryx australis from South Island, New Zealand.
Purchased. [94. 11. 20, 1-5.]

27 birds from N. Mindoro, collected by A. H. Everett. Purchased.
[95. 6. 13, 1-27.]

66 birds from Zululand, collected by Messıs. R. B. and J. S. D.
Woodward. Purchased. [96. 4. 17, 1-66.]

Includes the type of Stactolema woodwardi (cf. “ Ibis,” 1897, pp. 400-
422, pl. x., 1898, pp. 216-231).

74 specimens from $. Celebes, Bonthain Peak, Mount Kina Balu, etc.,
collected by A. H. Everett. Purchased. [96. 6. 10, 1-72.] Iu this
collection there were 5 species new to theMuseum.

21 Kingfishers for the Public Gallery. Purchased. [96. 6. 11, 1-21.]

32 specimens from Djampea Island, collectted by Mr. A. H. Everett.
Purchased. [96. 10. 3, 1-32.]

11 species new to the collection (cf. Hartert, Nov. Zool., iii., pp.
165-183).

6 birds from Monnt Victoria. Purchased. [96. 10. 4, 1-6.]

6 specimens of Prionodura newtoniana, from N. Queensland, collected
by W.S. Day. Purchased. [96. 11. 24, 1-6.]

23 specimens from the Talaut Islands. Purchased. [97. 5. 12, 1-23.]

20 mounted specimens of Pigeons, for the Exhibition Gallery.
Purchased. [97. 10. 14, 1-20.]

488 birds and eugs from the Lesser Sunda Islands (Savu, Flores,
Sumbawa, Lombok, Bali, etc.), collected by Mr. Alfred Everett. Purchased.
[97. 11. 1, 1-136; 98.5. 4, 1-125; 98. 6. 30, 1-39; 98. 12. 5, 1-56; 98.
1226, 1-6; 98. 12..7,1-15; 98. 12. 7, 18-25; 98. 12. 8, 1-90; 98. 12.
9, 1-13.]

135 birds from N. Celebes, collected by Dr. Charles Hose. Purchased.
[97. 12. 14, 1-104; 97. 12. 24, 1-31.]

The collection of birds made by Dr. Hose in the mountains of N.
Celebes is described by him (C. R. Congr. Intern. Orn., iüi., pp. , 1902).

118 birds from Goodenough and Ferguson Islands and from St. Aignan
in the Louisiade Archipelago, collected by A. S. Meek. Purchased. [98.
4. 30, 1-93; 98. 6. 28, 1-25.] This collection contained 7 species new to
the Museum.

36 specimens from the Owen Stanley Mountains in British New
Guinea. Purchased. [98. 11. 20, 1-24; 98. 12. 4, 1-12.]

92 skeletons. Purchased. [98. 12. 3, 3-94.]

37 birds from Borneo, collected by Mr. T. Waterstradt. Purchased.
[98. 12. 10, 1-37.]

118 specimens from $.E. New Guinea, collected by Mr. A. S. Meek,
Purchased. [99. 5. 17, 1-56; 99. 5. 20, 1-21; 1900. 2. 7, 1-41.]

45 birds from Cape York, N. Queensland, collected by A. S. Meek.
Purchased. [99. 5. 21, 1-45.]

21 birds from Basilan, Philippine Islands. Purchased. [99. 5. 22, 1-21.]

12 specimens from New Guinea. Purchased. [99. 5. 23, 1-12.]

51 specimens from Mt. Mada, in the Island of Buru in the Moluccas,
and 45 specimens from Morotai Island, collected by A. H. Everett.
Purchased. [99. 5. 24, 1-40; 1900. 2. 8, 1-45; 1900. 3. 24, 1-11.]

21 birds trom $S.E. New Guinea. Purchased. [99. 8. 17, 1-21.]

143 birds and eggs from the Island of Hainan, collected by Mr. John
Whitehead. Purchased. [99. 1. 2, 19-162.] Iucluding the types of
7 species new to science (cf. Grant, P.2.S., 1900, pp. 457-504, pls. xxxiii.
and xxxiv.).

362 Zoology.

56 skeletons of birds, skulls, ete. [1900. 7. 6, 1-56.]

26 egus from St. Aignan Island in the Louisiade Archipelago, and
41 birds from the Solomon Islands, collected by Mr. A. S. Meek. Pur-
chased. [1900. 8. 1, 1-26; 1901. 11. 5, 1-41.]

32 mounted Birds of Paradise, for the Exhibition Gallery. Pur-
chased. [1901. 1. 12, 1-32.]

48 speeimens from Batchian Jsland in the Moluccas, collected by
Mr. Heinrich Kühn. Purchased. [1901. 10. 5, 1-48.]

32 specimens from Nyasaland, collected by Mr. Brown. Purchased.
[1901. 11. 6, 1-32.]

29 birds, collected in Pahang, Malay Peninsula, by Mr. John Water-
stradt. Purchased. [1903.5.1,1-29.] Included a specimen of Ohaleurus
inopinatus, the new species of Peacock-Pheasant described by the Hon.
Walter Rothschild.

56 birds from Batchian and the Obi Islands in the Moluccas, collected
by Mr. John Waterstradt. Purchased. [1903. 6. 2, 1-56.]

19 birds from the Solomon Islands, collected by Mr. A. S. Meek.
Purchased. [1903. 6. 3, 1-19.]

44 birds from New Guinea, collected by Mr. A. S. Meek. Purchased.
[1904. 4. 19, 1-44.]

24 birds from the Malay Archipelago. Purchased. [1904. 4. 23, 1-24.]

27 birds irom Batjan, collected by H. Kuhn. Purchased. [1904.
5.4, 1-27.]

12 birds from Mount Madang, Moluccas. Purchased. [1904. 5. 6, 1-12.]

11 birds from Sarawak. Purchased. [1904. 5. 30, 1-11.]

21 birds from the Solomon Islavds, including three species new to the
collection, eollected by A. S. Meek. Purchased. [1904. 6. 9, 1-21.]

35 birds from the Solomon Islands, collected by Mr. A.S. Meek. Pur-
chased. [1904. 7. 11, 1-35.]

37 birds from the Philippine Islands and Solomon Islands. Purchased.
[1904. 7. 13, 1-37.]

180 birds from the Camaroons, collected by G. L. Bates, Esq. Pur-
chased. [1904. 7. 18, 1-180.]

16 birds from Solomon Islands, collectted by Mr. A. S. Meek. Pur-
chased. [1904. 11. 16, 1-16.]

592 birds from the Usanda Protectorate, duplicates from Mr. Jackson’s
collection. Purchased. [1904. 11. 20, 1-592.]

265 birds from Efuler, Camaroons, and River Ja, collected by G.L.
Bates, Esq. Purchased. [1905. 1. 24, 1-265.]

230 birds from Sierra Leone. Collected by Robin Kemp, Esgq.
Purchased. [1905. 1. 25, 1-230.]

427 ecgs from Uganda, duplicates from Mr. Jackson’s collection.
Purchased. [1905. 9. 15, 1-427.]

27 birds and 10 eggs from the Solomon Islands, collected by Mr.
A.S. Meek. Purchased. [1905. 11. 25, 1-37.]

450 birds from Somaliland, collected by Mr. G. W. Bury. Purchased.
[1905. 11. 27, 1-253; 1905. 12, 23, 1-197].

236 birds {rom Mindanao, collected by Mr. Walter Goodfellow.
Purchased. [1905. 11. 26, 1-236.]

Mr. Edward Gerrard has been for the last thirty-five years a natural
histery agent and taxidermist, to whom the Museum has entrusted its
most valuable commissions and its most important work. He is the son
of Mr. Edward Gerrard, sen., whose honourable career in the British
Museum is one of the longest on record in that Institution.

This old gentleman, beloved and respected by every one of us in the
Museum, has not long retired from the service. When the Zoological

Birds. 363

Society transferred its oflices to Leicester Square, he entered its employ on
the same day as the late Mr. G. R. Waterhouse, and assisted in arranging
the Museum and making skeletons for the latter. Dr. J. E. Gray vften
visited the Society’s Museum, and ultimately wrote to Mr. Gerrard
offering him a post in the British Museum. his he accepted, entering
the service in April 1841, when Sir Henry Ellis was the Principal
Librarian, an! the national collectiom was stored in Montauue House,
Bloomsbury. Here the collections were arranged in the various rooms
in cases standing along the centre, after the manner of the present Bird
Gallery at South Kensington. He witnessed the demolition of this
historic building and the gradual development of the great British
Museum at Bloomsbury under Panizzi, as well as the ultimate removal of
the natural history collections to their present home in the Museum in the
Cromwell Road. His early duties consisted in assisting Dr. Gray in the
arrangement of the old British Museum, and especially looking after the
collections of Mammalia, Reptiles and Fish, and keeping the registers.
Mr. Gerrard, sen., is still hale and hearty at the age of 95.

Gestro (Pror. R.).
See GENOA MUSEUM.

Getting (B. H. F.).
35 birds from British Guiana. Purchased. [97. 10. 16, 5-39.]

Gibson (ERNnesT).

114 birds from Argentina. Presented. [1903. 12. 18, 1-114.]
This collection has been described in the “ Ibis ” for

Gifford (Lord).

29 birds from Tibet. Presented. [51. 7. 2, 1-29.] The types of
Syrrhaptes tibetanus and Montifringilla hematopygia (cf. Gould, P.Z.S.,
1850, p. 92; 1851, p. 115) are included in this collectıen.

Lord Gifford was tbe elder brother of the celebrated 9th Marquis of
Tweed:ale (9.v.).

Giglioli (Professor H. H.), Director of the Royal Museum of
Natural History at Florence.
40 birds from Italy. Presented. [84. 7.12,1-25; 86.12. 28, 1-15.]
Dr. Giglioli has done a great work in forming a museum of the
animals indicenous to the Italian Peninsula and islands.
He has written some important works on Italian Ornithology.

Gillespie (F.).
A specimen of the St. Helena Sand-Plover (Zgialitis sanctz-helen)
and two eggs. Presented. [79. 6. 10, 1-3.]

Gillett (Fren».).

98 birds from Somali Land. Presented. [96. 4. 18, 1-98.]

31 birds from Persia. Presented. [96. 12. 21, 1-31.]

Mr. Gillett accompanied Dr. Donaldson Smith on his first celebrated
expedition to Lake Rudolf, but was summoned home on the death of his
tather, and was not able to go the eıtire journey. He aiterwards under-
took an expedition into Persia by himself. Both collections given by
him to the Museum contained specimens of much interest.

Gladstone (Hucn E.).

8 specimens of Black Game in changes of plumage, from Dumfries-
shire. Presented. [1902. 9. 2, 1-8.]
33 nestlings and embryos of various birds. Presented. [1903.7.31,1-33.]

3064 Zoology.

4 specimens, Black Game and Red Grouse, Pheasants, etc. Presented.
[1903. 8. 6,1; 1903. 11. 27, 1-2; 1904. 2. 2, 1.]

5 egas of Red Grouse from Dumiriesshire. Presented. [1905. 5.
13, 1-5.

A le of the Red-necked Phalarope (Phalaropus hyperoreus) from
Belmullet, Co. Mayo. Presented. [1905. 7. 21, 1.]

Glazner (C.).

142 birds from Cyprus. Purchased. [1901. 8. 20, 1-22; 1902. 8. 2,
1-40; 1902. 19. 6, 1-51; 1903. 7. 5, 1-29.]

30 birds from Cyprus. Purchased. [1904. 4. 18, 1-30.]

Mr. Glazner has made several interesting collections in Cyprus, and
discovered some new species in the island. The Museum has received
from him a good series of Parus eypriotes, Pisorhina cypria, Garrulus
glazneri, and other rare birds.

Glossop (Commander Joun C.T.).
9 eggs from tbe Campbell Islands. Presented. [1904. 10. 18, 1-9.]
Godeffroy Bros.

131 birds from the Pacific Islands and the Bismarck Archipelazo.
Purchased. [77. 11. 17, 1-52; 78. 10. 23, 17-28; 79. 6.2, 1-4; 81. 11.
22, 1-11; 82.7.5, 1-30; 82. 8. 19, 1-21.]

This well-known firm of Hamburg merchants employed a number of
collectors in their service, of whom the most celebrated were Andrew
Garratt, Kubary, Kleinschmidt, and others whose names are household
words among ornithologists. Althoush the collections of fishes came to
the British Museum (see Report on Fish Collections), only a few duplicates
of birds reached England, but there were some very rare species among
them, 26 being previously unrepresented in the national collection.

Godman (Freperic Du Cane), D.C.L., F.R.S.

Trustee of the British Museum.

[See also SALVIN, OÖSBERT.]

N.B.—I have not separated the names of these two distingnished
naturalists as donors to the British Museum. Mr. Salvin’s name will
always be associated with that of Dr. F. D. Godman, and in my notes I
have pointed out where the donations were jointly made.

8 birds from the Azores. Presented. [78. 7. 30, 5-12.]

These were a few duplicates from his Azorean collection, and added
4 species to the Museum, including a specimen of the new Bullfinsh
(Pyrrhula murina) discovered by him. This species is now nearly extinei.
It was at one time so common that it descended in large numbers on the
fruit-gardens and did great damage. Unfortunately, in suppressing its
ravages the species has been all but wiped out.

1914 specimens from various parts of the Old World. Presented by
Messırs. Salvin and Godman. [79. 4. 5, 1-1858; 75. 4. 15, 1-50;
83. 4. 21, 1-6.]

This is a very interesting and historical collection, adding 4 species
new to the collection and the type of a species new to science; it
proved a welcome gift to the Museum, which at that time possessed
a very poor collection of Palsarctie birds.. There were numbers of
interesting specimens procured by well-known naturalists in different
parts of Europe. Included in this donation were birds from Northern
Norway, obtained by Dr. F. D. Godman and his brotker, Mr. Percy Godman
(ef. “ Notes on the Birds observed at Bodö,” “Ibis,” 1861, p. 77), and the
birds collected in Tunis by Mr. Osbert Salvin (cf. “ Birds’-nesting in the
Eastern Atlas,” “ Ibis,” 1859, pp. 174, 302, 352). "There were also numbers

Birds. 365

of interesting specimens obtained from other collectors, such as those from
Palestine (Canon Tristram), Turkey (T. Robson), Asia Minor (0. @.
Danford), China (Consul Swinhoe), Natal (T. Ayres), and many others.

To the ornitholosist, however, there will always occur the interest
surrounding the British speeimens which were acquired by the donors
during their school and college days, Mr. Salvin’s being mostly collected
around Finchley and Hampstead, while Dr. Godman’s were chiefly obtained
in the neichbourhood of Park Hatch, the family s>at near Godalming.

In this Palaaretie collection were likewise all the specimens obtained by
Dr. F. D. Godman and Mr. Percy Godman in the Azores, including the
types of Pyrrhula murina (cf. “Ibis,” 1866, pp. 88, 109; also Dr.
Godman’s work, “The Azores,” 1870), as well as the series of birds
obtained in Madeira and the ÜOanaries, with the types of the new Pigeon
discovered by Dr. Gudman and named by him Columba bollei (cf. his
paper, “Notes on the Resident and Mieratory Birds of Madeira and the
Canaries,” “Ibis,” 1872, pp. 156-177, 209-224).

3 young specimens of the Australian Cassowary ((asuarius australis).
Presented. [80. 3. 24, 1-3.]

T'hese formed part of the Cockerell Collection, which was presented in
the next year.

1394 specimens from various parts of Australia. Presented. [81.11.7,
1-1315 ; 81. 13. 7, 1-38; 81. 12. 9, 1—41.]

This was the celebrated Cockerell Ovllectioa. It was supposed to
eontain several new species, but these invariably turued out to be well-
known forms from the Aru Islands, where Mr. Cockerell was said to
have been engaged in the pearl-fisheries. Whether this fiasco was due
to the representations of the collector himself or to his asent in
England will never be known, but the result was that the collection,
badly labelled in the first place, was purchased by Dr. Godman under the
idea that it contained several undescribed species of Australian birds,
whereas there was not a single new species to be described. "The preser-
vation of the skins was excellent, and to the Museum, possessed of but few
Australian birds, its worth was inestimable. Most of the specimens were
undoubtedly from the neishbourhood of Brisbane and from Cape York.

22 specimens from S.E. New Guinea, collected by Mr. A. Goldie.
[83. 4. 4, 1-22.]

Contained the types of Paradisea decora and Pachycephalopsis fortis.

6 specimers of birds from South America. Presented. [83.4. 21, 1-6.]

These were Vireonidz presented for the purposes of the eıgbth volume
of the “ Catalogue of Birds.” 'T'wo species, Vireo gundlachi and Hylophilus
muscicapinus, were new to the collection.

3191 eges. Presented. [84. 9. 2, 1-826; 85. 1. 1, 827-2162;
85. 4. 20, 2163-3191. ]

This collection is a model one for all oologists. The volumes which
accompany the donation contain the records of the various expeditions,
donations, and exchanges by which the collection was built up, and they
show the absolutely exact method adopted by the British school of
ornithologists in their early collectig days. Tinis method was inaugurated
by John Wolley aud Professor Newton, and can best be studied in the
two volumes of the “Ootheca Wolleyana,” written by the last-named
naturalist.

The above collection, presented jointly by Dr. F. D. Godman and Mr.
Ösbert Salvin, must always remain of great historical interest to British
ornithologists, as it contains the eges collected by them in their young
days, when it was possible to obtain the eggs of Emberiza eirlus, Dendro-

366 Zoology.

copus major, and Geeinus viridis at Hampstead and Finchley in places
long since built over.
52120 specimens of Nearctic and Neotropical birds. Presented.

In the year 1885 Dr. Godman and Mr. Salvin decided to present their

wonderful collection of Neotrojical birds to the nation. The first instal-
ments were receivet in January of that year, and during my absence in
India the registration and incorporation of this great collection were
superintended by Mr. Osbert Salvin. Separate registers for the collection
were provided, to which reference is made below.

(1) 669 specimens of Turdidz and Mimidz (T’hrushes and Mocking-
birds). (8. G. Rex., Vol. I., pp. 1-13.) [85. 3. 2, 1-669.]

10 types and 13 species new to the Muserm.

(2) 517 specimens of Paridz and Troglodytide (Tits and Wrens).
(S. G. Reg, Vol. I., pp. 14-23.) [85.3. 6, 1-517.]

18 typ-s and 16 species new to the Museum.

(3) 890 specimens of Motacillide and Mniotiltide (Wastails, Pipits, and
American Warblers). (S.G. Reg., Vol. I., pp. 25-42.) [85. 3. 8, 1-890.]

15 types and 15 species new to the Museum.

(4) 285 specimens of Vireonid® and Laniide (Greenlets and Shrikes).
(S. G. Reg., Vol. I., pp. 43-48.) [85. 3. 10, 1-285.]

7 types and 20 species new to the Museum.

(5) 713 specimens of Ampelide, Hirundinide, and Cerebide (Wax-
wings, Swallows, and American Creepers). (8. G. Reg., Vol. I, pp. 50-64.)
[85. 3. 20, 1-40; 85. 3. 24, 1-209; 85. 4. 1, 1-364.]

4 types and 4 species new to the Museum.

(6) 1814 specimens of Tanagride (Tanagers). (S. G. Reg., Vol. I,
pp- 66-104.) [85. 6. 4, 1-653; 85. 6. 7, 1-717; 85. 6. 8, 1-454.]

4] types and 48 species near to the Museum.

(7) 2088 specimens of Icteride and Fringillide (Hang-nests and
Finches). (S. G. Reg., Vol. I., pp. 107-120, 122-148.) [85.11. 2, 1-694;
85. 12. 14, 1-1394.]

19 types and 19 species new to the Museum.

(8) 1073 specimens from the islands off the coast of Yucatan and
Hon«turas (Cozumel, Jolbox, Ruatan, Meco, and Bonacca). (S. G. Reg,,
Vol. L, pp. 153-173.) [86. 9. 9, 1-1073.]

2 types and 3 species new to the Museum. Thiscollection was formed -

by Dr. G. F. Gaumer, and was an exceedingly interesting one (cf. Salvin,
“Ibis,” 1888, pp. 241-265; 1889, pp. 359-379 ; 1890, pp. 84-95; Salvin
and Godman, “ Biologia Centrali-Americana, Aves.”) A small collection
from Cozumel, formed by Mr. E. C. J. De Vis, had been previously
described by Mr. Salvin (“ Ibis,” 1885, pp. 185-194, pl. v.), when several
new species were named. '[’'hese, however, were anticipated by Mr. Ridgway
in bis description of the collection made during the voyage of the U.S. ship
“ Albatros” (P. U.S. Nat. Mus., VIII. p. 560, 1885).

(9) 186 specimens of Corvide (Crows, Jays, etc.). (S. G. Reg,,
Vol. I., pp. 176-179.) [87. 3. 9, 1-186.]

2 species new to the collection.

(10) 2134 specimens of Trockili (Humming-Birds). (S. G. Reg,,
Vol. I, pp. 82-222.) [81. 3. 22, 1-2134.]

17 types and 8 species new to the Museum.

(11) 1015 specimens of Aceipitres (Birds of Prey). (S. G. Reg,,
Vol. IL., pp. 1-201.) [87. 5. 1, 1-1015.]

9 types and 14 species new to the Museum.

(12) The Henshaw Collection, consisting of 13,326 specimens, with
3 types and 30 species new to the Museum.

re

Birds. 367

This fine collection was purchased and given to the British Museum
by Dr. Godman.

Many American ornithologists have told me that they are glad
that we have the Henshaw Collection in England, and the advantage to
students of Ornithology has been simply incalculable. Before this time
there could not ve said to be any collection of North American birds worthy
of the name in England, but since Dr. Godman acquired the Henshaw
Collection we have been able to comprehend and appreciate the work of
our American colleagues in a manner before impossible, and the advantage
to the writers of the “ Catalozue of Birds ” cannot be over-estimated.

An act of courtesy on the part of the authorities of the United States
National Museum deserves grateful recognition. Professor Ridgway was
permitted to devote his time to the identification of the specimens with
Mr. Henshaw, so that the collection when it arrived was found to be not
only completely and neatly labelled, but the names attached to the species
represented the most recent conclusions of American naturalists. "These
determinations have proved to be of immense advantage to English
ornithologists.

Dr. Godman’s primary object in securing the Henshaw collection was
to have a thoroushly authentice series of North American birds for com-
parison with his series from Mexico and Central America, and to further
this object he shortly afterwards purchased a set of birds from Florida,
2500 in number, collected by Mr. W. E. D. Scott.

1866 specimens of T’yrannide (Tyrant-birds). (S. G. Reg., Vol. II.,
pp- 27-62). [88. 1.1, 1-1866.]

34 types and 107 species new to the Museum.

976 specimens of Cotingide (Chatterers). (S. G. Reg., Vol. II.,
pp: 67-85). [88. 1. 20, 1-976.]

16 Types and 49 species new to the Musenm.

177 specimens of Procellariide (Petrels). (8. G. Reg, Vol. II.,
pp- 88-91). [88. 5. 15, 1-177.]

9 Types and 16 species new to the Museum.

This is the collection on which Mr. Salvin’s portion of the 25th
volume of the “Catalozue of Birds” was based. It was got together with
an idea of publishing a Monograph of the Procellariide.

325 specimens of Striges (Owls). S. G. Reg., Vol. II, pp. 9-99.
[88. 7. 20, 1-325."

3 types and 6 species new to the collection.

74 specimens of Cypseli (Swifts). S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 105, 104.
[88. 7. 30, 1-74.]

l type and 2 species new to the Museum. .

205 specimens of Caprimulgi (Night-jars). S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp.
106-109. [88. 8. 1, 1-205.]

2 types and 1 species new to the Museum.

635 specimens of Pici (Woodpeckers). 8. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 112-124,
[88. 8. 5, 1-635.]

5 types and 44 species new to the collection.

125 specimens of Momotidz (Mot-mots). S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp.
127-129. [88. 8. 10, 1-125]

l type and 2 species new to the Museum.

120 specimens of Halcyones (Kingfishers). S. G. Reg., Vol. IL, pp.
132-134. [88. 8. 16, 1-120.]

l type and 1 species new to the collection.

309 specimens of Trogones (Trogons). S.G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 136-141.
[88. 8. 20, 1-309.]

“

368 Zoology.

2 types and 1 species new to the Museum.

114 specimens of Galbule (Jacamars). 8. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 144-146.
[88. 8. 2, 1-114.]

l type and 1 species new to the Musenm.

154 specimens of Buccones (Puff-birds). S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 148-151.
[88. 8. 22, 1-184.]

l type.

224 specimens of Ouculi (Cuckoos). 8. G. Reg., Vol. IT., pp. 153-157.
[88. 8. 23, 1-224.]

2 types and 3 species new to the Museum.

71 specimens of Capitones (Barbets). S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 159,
160. [88. 12. 20, 1-71.]

3 types and 2 species new to the Mnsenm.

203 specimens of Rhamphastides (Toucans). S. G. Reg., Vol. II,
pp. 162-165. [89. 1. 8, 1-208.]

l type and 1 species new to the Museum.

535 speeimens from Motto Grosso, collected by Mr. and Mrs. Herbert
Smith. 8. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 166-176. [89. 1. 16, 1-538.]

This was the second set of the birds procured by those truly wonderful
colleetors Mr. Herbert Smith and Mrs. Daisy W. Smith. The collection
formed the subject of a memoir by Prof. J. A. Allen in the “ Bulletin ” of
the American Museum of Natural History, Vols. III., pp. 337-880; IV.,
pp- 331-350; V., pp. 107-158.

2 species new to the Museum.

503 specimens of Psittaci (Parrots). (S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 178-
187.) [89. 1. 30, 1-503.]

14 types and 19 species new to the Museum.

482 specimens of Columbiformes (Pigeons). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IL,

pp- 189-198.) [89. 2. 12, 1-482.]
2 types and 2 species new to the Museum.

This collection consisted of Pizeons of the Old World, which had been
gathered together by Messrs. Salvin and Godman with a view of writing
a monograph of the Columbiformes. 'T’'he working out of the “ Biologia,”
however, occupied the whole time of the authors, and left no leisure for
monographs, so that the collection of Pigeons was handed over to the
Museum to aid Count Salvadori in writing the twenty-Ärst volume of the
“ Öatalogue of Birds.”

564 Pigeons of the New World. (S. G. Reg., Vol. II., pp. 199-209.)
[89. 4. 20, 1-564.]

10 types and 21 species new to the Museum.

845 specimens of Dendrocolaptide (Spine-tails). (S. G. Reg., Vol. I.,
pp- 210-226.) [89. 5. 14, 1-845.]

7 types and 56 species new to the Museum.

With this collection the second volume of the Salvin-Godman Registers
concludes. Vol. III. is devoted to the Henshaw collection.

In the early part of 1889 the supplementary collections from Mexico
began to arrive in England, the result of Dr. Godman’s visit to that
country in 1887. In the last-named year he made a special expedition to
Mexico, in which he was joined by Mr. and Mrs. Elwes (vide antca,

), for the purpose of exploring some of the distriets on the northern
frontier of the Neotropical region. Berides working very hard himself,
he ensaxed the services of several other good collectors, among the
number being Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Smith, Mr. W. Lloyd, Manuel
Trujilio, and Mr. W. B. Richardson. The latter was afterwards employed
by Dr. Godman for nearly ten years in travelling through the various

Birds. 369

mountain ranges of Central America, and not only has he explored
Mexico in various directions, and visited nearly every province, but he
has also collected in San Salvador, Nicaragua, Guatemala, and Honduras.

Mr. W. Lloyd worked for Dr. Godman in Sunora and Chihuahua,
Mr. and Mrs. Smith in Guerrero and the adjoining States, and Trujillo in
Vera Cruz, while at the same time Mr. F. B. Armstrong, who made most
beautiful skins, visited Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas. From this collector
Dr. Godman also purchased a very fine series of birds from Texas,
prineipally from the neishbourhood of Corpus Christi and Brownsville,

386 specimens of Galliformes. [89.6. 1,1-886.] (S.G. Reg., Vol. II,
pp. 228-235.)

8 types and 5 species new to the Museum.

Vol. IV. of the Salvin-Godman Registers is occupied with the rezistra-
tion of the Salvin-Godman collection, keeping pace with the later volumes
of the “Catalogue,” which contain the Rails, Herons, etc., the specimens
of which groups were sent to the Museum as they were required by
the authors. In this register, therefore, not only is the main collection
included, but also the additional material received from the Mexican
travellers.

138 specimens of Aceipitres. Supplementary collection. (S. G. Reg.,
Vol. IV., pp. 1-3.) [89. 4. 4, 1-136.]

1025 specimens of Formicariid® (Ant-birds). (S. G: Reg., Vol. 14,
pp- 6-25.) [89. 7. 10, 1-1025.]

?1 tynes and 72 species new to the Museum.

260 snecimens of Ralliformes (Rails, Coots, etc.). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV.,
pp- 27-31.) [89. 4. 20, 1-260.]

6 types and 9 species new to the Museum.

413 specimens of Accipitres. 2nd Supplementary collection. (8. G.
Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 35-42.) [90. 4. 28, 1-413.]

8 types and 4 species new to the Museum.

181 specimens of Striges (Owls). Supplementary collection. (S. G.
Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 43, 46.) [90. 5. 16, 1-181.]

442 specimens of Corwidz (Crows). Supplementary collection. (8. G.
Reg., Vol. 1V., pp. 47-55.) [90. 5. 30, 1-442.]

2 species new to the Museum collection.

595 specimens of Zurdide. (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 56, 67.) L[90.
6. 20, 1-593.]

1 species new to the Museum collection.

1206 speeimens of Troglodytid®. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 69-92.)
[90. 12. 20, 1-1206.]

l type and 2 species new to the Museum.

210 specimens from various islands in th: West Indies, presented by
Mr. C. B. Cory. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 94-97.) [91. 1. 25, 1-210.]

9 species new to the Musenm collection.

566 specimeus of Larid& (Gulls). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 98-101,
164-171.) [91. 5. 22, 1-162; 91. 10. 30, 1-404.]

346 skeletons of birds. (8. G. Reg., IV., pp. 102-107.) [91. 7. 20,
1-346.]

42 specimens of German birds sent by Count von Berlepsch in
exchange. [91. 9. 20, 1-42.]

392 specimens of Paride (Tits, etc.). Supplementary collection.
(S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 108-115.) [91. 10. 10, 1-392.]

3 species new to the Museum.

1480 specimens of Charadriiformes (Wading-birds). (S. G. Reg,,
Vo). IV., pp. 116-144.) [91. 10, 20, 1-1480.)

voL. ı, SB

370 Zoology.

2 types and 3 species new to the Museum.

336 speeimens of Galliformes (Game-birds). (S. G. Reg., IV., pp.
145-151.) [91. 10. 21, 1-236.]

5 species new to the Museum.

525 specimens of Oolumbiformes (Pigeons). Supplementary collection.
(S. G. Reg, Vol. IV., pp 152-162.) [91. 10. 26, 1-525.]

628 specimens of Laniide and Vireonidz (Shrikes and Greenlets).
en collection. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 173-185.) [91. 11.
3, 1-628.

229 specimens of Ralliformes (Rails). Supplementary collection,
(S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., 187-191.) [91. 11. 4, 1-229.]

1 species (Rallus scotti), new to the Museum.

254 specimens {rom the West India Islands, presented by Mr. C. B.
Cory. (S. G. Reg., IV., pp. 202-206.) [92. 1. 12. 1-254.]

6 new to the Museum.

270 specimens of Troyonide (Trogons). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp.
193-197.) [91. 11. 10, 1-270.]

57 specimens of Certhiide (Creepers). Supplementary collection.
(S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 198, 199.) [92. 1. 11, 1-57.]

305 specimens from British Guiana, colleeted by Henry Whitely.
(8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 208-213.) [92. 1. 16, 1-305.]

284 specimens of Grebes (Podicipedid®) and Divers (Colymbid).
(S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 215-220.] [92. 1. 20, 1-284.]

The type of the Flightless Grebe (Centropelma micropterum).

485 specimens of Geese and Ducks (Anseriformes). (S. G. Rge.,
Vol. IV., pp. 221-230.) [92. 2. 1, 1-488.]

4 types and 2 species new to the Museum.

100 specimens of Paridz (Tits). Supplementary collection. (8. G.

Reg., Vol. LV., pp- 232, 233.), :[92. 3..1, 1-100.]

405 Wagtails and Pipits (Motacillide), Swalluws (Hirundinidz), Chat-
terers (Amgelid»). Supplementary collection. (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp.
235-242.) [92. 3. 20, 1-405.]

2 species new to tlıe Museum.

2494 specimens of American Warblers (Mnüotiltide). (S. G. Reg,,
Vol. VI. pp. 243-289.) [90. 4. 1, 1-2454; 94. 6. 1, 1-40.]

187 specimens of Tinamous (Tinamid&). (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp.
290-293.) [92. 6. 9, 1-187.]

5 types and 10 species new to the Museum.

956 specimens of Cranes (Gruiformes) and Herons (Ardeiformes).
(S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 294-312.) [92. 2. 1, 1-956.]

The type of Salmon’s Tiger-Bittern ( Tigrisoma salmoni).

1245 specimens of Tanagrid& from Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua.
Supplementary collection. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 317-340.) [94,
7. 1, 1-1245.]

136 specimens from British Guiana, collected by the late Henry
Whitely, including the types of Hapalocercus striaticeps, Capsiempis
caudota, and Todirostrum pietum (cf Salvin, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club, XII,
pp. xv.-xvii, 1897). (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 342-344.) [9. 11
27, 1-136.]

85 specimens of Accipitresand Striges from Mexico, ete. Supplementary
collection. (S. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 345, 346.) [96. 5. 9, 1-85.]

480 specimens from Peru, colletted by O. T. Baron, including
15 species new to the national collection, and 12 types of species new
to science (cf. Salvin, Nov. Zool., Il., pp. 1-22, pls. ı., ii., 1895). (S. G.
Reg., Vol..IV., pp. 347-356.) ‘[96. 10. 6, 480.] ; om

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245 specimens of Parrots from Mexico and Central America. Supple-
mentary collection. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 364-368.) [96. 12.1, 1-245.]

200 specimens of Goatsuckers (Caprimulgide) from Texas and Mexico.
Supplementary collection. (S. G. Reg., Vol. 1V., pp. 370-373.) [97. 2.
1, 1-260.

262 En of Cuckoos (Ouculide) from Mexico and Guatemala.
Supplementary collection. (8. G. Reg., Vol. IV., pp. 375-380.) [97. 4.
1, 1-262.

510 een of Turdide, Troglodytidz, Mimide, etc., from Mexico,
Guatemala, and Nicaragua. Supplementary collection. 2types of species
new to science and 2 new to the Museum. (8. G. Reg., IV., pp. 381-
390.) [97. 10. 1, 1-510.]

298 specimens from the Lesser Antilles, collected by Mr. and Mrs. H.H.
Smith, includinze 3 new to the national collection. (8. G. Reg., IV.,
pp. 411-416.) [98. 2. 8, 1-298.]

14 specimens from Colombia, etc., with 3 types and 5 new to the
Museum. (S. G. Reg., IV., p. 417.) [98. 3. 12, 1-14.]

990 specimens of Woodpeckers [Picide], principally from Mexico.
(S. G. Reg., IV., pp. 418-437.) [98. 3. 14, 1-990.]

The type of Melanerpes canescens, Salvin.

321 specimens of various species from California, Texas, etc., received
from Mr. C. K. Worthen. (S. G. Reg. IV., pp. 440-446.) [98. 7.12,
1-304; 1900. 2. 26, 1-17.]

3 species new to the Museum.

Dr. F. D. Godman was born at Park Hatch, near Godalming, in
Surrey, in 1834. He was educated at Eton and at Cambridge. While
at the University he became acquainted with Oxbert Salvin and Professor
Newton and his brother, Sir Edward Newton, and, with them and a few
‚other kindred spirits, he assisted in founding the British Ornithologists’
Union, with its journal, the “ Ibis.”

Having been prevented by an aceident from joining Canon Tristram
and Mr. Salvin in their expedition to Algeria in the spring of 1857, he
went with his brother Percy to Bodö in northern Norway, where the
travellers made a good coliection of birds and eggs, taking several nests of
the Great Snipe. Crossing thence from Alten they visited John Wolley
at Munioniska, where he was then living, aud, descending the 'l'ornea River
to ihe Gulfof Bothnia, they afterwards visited Stockholm, St. Petersburg,
Moscow and Nishni Novgorod,. before returning to England.

In August, 1861, Dr. Gudman went with Mr. Salvin to Guatemala,
remaiuing a month in Jamaica en route. A year was speut in Guatemala,
collecting birds and insects in various parts of the country. While there
they instructed some natives in the art of preserving bird-skins, and by
these pupils several collections were afterwards despatched to England.
The best known of these collectors was Enrique Arce, who did some
excellent work in Costa Rica and Panama.

Dr. Godman returned home in 1862, and in 1865 he went to the
Azores, visiting the islands of St. Michael, Terceira, Fayal, Pico, Flores
and Corvo, and making a good collection of birds and insects, discovering
a new species of Bulltinch, Pyrrhula mur/na. In 1871 he spent three
months in the Canaries, visiting Tenerife, Palma, and Gran Canaria, but,
in consequence of the prevalence of small-pox, communication between
the islands was difhicult.

In 1886 Dr. Godman joined Mr. H. J. Elwes in an expedition to
Native Sıkhim, and as in the autumn of 1887 he had to go abroad for
the benefit of his health, he sıarted for Mexico, taking with him the

VB 2

372

Zoology.

well-known collectors, Mr. H. H. Smith and Mr. W. B. Richardson. A
good series of birds was obtained, chiefly in S.E. Mexico, but after
Dr. Godman’s departure, he employed a number of collectors, who explored
difierent parts of Mexico, and sent home large collections.

Godman (Percy).

Brother of the above-mentioned F. D. Godman, and his companion on
several ornithological expeditions.

Godwin-Austen (Colonel H. H.).

3582 specimens from the Hills of N.E. Bengal (Naga, Miri, Dafla,
Khasi, Garo Hills, and Manipur, etc.). [71. 1. 13, 1-5; 76.5. 3, 1;
76. 5. 22,2; 78. 10. 14, 1-8; 95.7. 14, 1-3329; 96. 7. 13, 1-10, 2
6. 31, 1-78; 1900. 10. 10, 1-147.]

T'he results of Colonel Godwin-A usten’s explorationsin the Naga Hills
and the other hill-ranges of the N.E. frontier of India have been
described by him in the “Journal of the Asiatic Society of Benzal”
(xxxix., pp. 91-112, 264-275, 1870; xli., pp. 142-143, 1872; xlüis
pp. 151-180, pls. iv.-x., 1874). The Hume Collection contained a
good series of specimens from Manipur, but had not a great many from
the above-mentioned localities, so that Colonel Godwin-Austen’s series
proved to be a very valuable addition to the British Museum. There
were many types ol the species described by him in his Memoirs, and a
series of birds supplementing the great Hume Collection.

Goldie (A.).
42 birds from S. E. New Guinea. [80. 6. 23, 1-42.]
2 types (Geocichla papuensis, Seeb., Cat. B., v., p. 158, pl. x;

Otidiphaps regalis, Salvin and Godman, “Ibis,” 1880, p. 364, pl. xi.),
and five species new to the collection.

Goldie was a botanical collector, who penetrated from Port Moresby
to the Astrolabe Range in British New Guinea, where the Goldie River is
named after him. Another collection was purchased from Mr. Edward
Gerrard (vide antea, p. )>

Gomez (Ramon).
A naturalist in Tenerife.

Goodfellow (WALTER).
‚See GERRARD, FE.
2 types of Helianthea hamiltoni from Ecuador. Presented. [1900.
6. 29, 1-2.]
Goodwin (A.P.).

36 birds from the Richmond River, N.S. Wales. Purchased. [80.
4. 2, 1-36.] One species new to the collection. Preseuted. [97. 11.
6, 39-40.]

Goodwin was a Dane, who made excellent skins of birds, and procured
sever»| interesting species for the Museum.

His notes on the Paradise Birds of British New Guinea were published
in the “Ibis,” 1890, pp. 150-156.

See also GERRARD, E. [antea, p. |].

Gordon (Sir ArtHuur H., now Lord Stanmore).
13 birds from the Fiji Islands. Presented. [85. 12. 24, 1-13.]

FUEL Z SE AR

Birds. 373

Gordon-Cumming (Hon. Mrs.).
10 specimens of Australian birds. Presented. [1902. 11. 16, 1-10.]

Gosse (PnıLıp Henry).

159 birds Irom Jamaica. Purchased. [45. 4. 29, 1-4; 47. 6. 8, 1-21.]
Types of Anas maxima, Gosse = Cairina moschata x Anas boscas, cf.
Salvad., Cat. xxvii., p. 53; Eyretta ruficollis, Gosse ; Uyanopterus inornatus,
Gosse = Querquedula discors (Linn.), cf. Salvad., Cat. xxvii., p. 299;
Ephiultes grammieus, Gusse; Rallus concolor, Gosse; Myiobius stolidus,
Gusse; Laterirallus gossei, Bp. = Porzuna flaviventris (Budd.), ef. Sharpe,
Cat. xxiii., p. 110; Myiobius tristis, Gusse = Blucicus barbirostris
(Swains.), cf. Sel. Cat. xiv., p. 244; Eluinea cotta, Gosse; Myiobius
pallidus, Gosse ; Sylvicola pannosa, Gosse = Dendraca cwerulescens (Gm.),
cf. Sharpe, Cat. x., p. 329; Sylvicola eva, Gosse; 8. pharetra, Gosse ;
Hirundo euchrysea, Gosse ;, Spermophila adoxa, Gosse = Phonipara
lepida (Jacq.), cf. Sharpe, Cat. xii., p. 145; Spermophila anozantha,
Gosse; (oturnieulus tixierus, Gosse = Ammodromus savannarum (Gm.),
cf. Sharpe, Cat. xii., p. 687. [47. 6. 9, 1; 47. 6. 16, 1-109; 47. 8. 30,
1-15; 47. 10. 11, 6-14.]

Gosse’s “ Birds of Jamaica ” is still the standard work on the hirds of
this island, and the specim:ns above recorded are doubiless the material
on which his descriptions were founded. Unfortunately they have much
deteriorated, having been mounted for many years in the British Museum
Galleries at Bloomsbury, and ruined by exposure to light and dust. A
good series of Jamaican Birds is a great desideratum to the Museum.

Some of his birds apjear to have been sent to Hush Cuming (vide
antea, p. )- (Cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxii., pp. 258-260.)

Gough (Earl).
6 birds from Buenos Ayres. Presented. [1904. 4. 5, 1-6.]

Gould (Joun), F.R.S.

97 birds from Brazil. Presented. [37. 3. 15, 60-153, 158-160.]

38 Humming Birds. Presented. [37. 3. 6, 639-676.]

78 bırds from South Australia. Presented. [37. 4. 4, 418-495.]

126 specimens, principallv from Braziland India. Purchased. [37. 5.13,
100-211; [38. 5. 12, 103-117.]

97 birds and nests chiefly from Australia. Present«d. [38. 1. 19, 208-
229, 232-244 ; 41. 3, 540-541 ; 41. 6, 1669-1671 (Australian birds) ; 42.12.
21, 11-20 (nests of Australian birds); 43. 4. 4, 1-43 (nests of Australian
birds); 43. 12. 30, 18-20 (types ot Coryphilus dryas, Gould; Halcyon
saurophagus, Gould).]

100 birds from various localities, but chiefly from Tamaulipas, Eastern
Mexico. 38. 5. 12, 1-100.]

25 birds from Jamaica. Presented. [44. 1. 22, 20; 44. 1. 23, 4-7;
44. 5.16, 2-21.]

280 birds and 91 esgs from Australia. Purchased. [41. 6, 990-1093,
1269-1501, 1669-1671; 44. 2. 10, 92-117.]

14 birds from South America. Purchased. [44. 12. 12, 1-14.]

55 Humming Birds. Purchased. [53. 5. 17, 1-34; 53. 11. 28, 1-21.]

149 specimens, mostly Rhamphastide (loucans). Purchased. [53.
12. 26, 1-86; 54. 5. 25, 1-12.]

39 birds from Guatemala and Brazil. Purchased. [54. 12. 20, 1-29].

43 birds from various localities. Purchased. [55. 11.5, 1-43. ]

Includes the types of Formicarius erythropterus, Monarcha leucoti

374 Zoology.

Thamnophilus melanurus, Ptilotis filigera, Bourcieria fulgidigula, Ar-
remon erythrorhynchus, Oinclosoma castanothorax.

113 birds from Europe and South America. Purchased. [55. 12. 17,
1-101; 56. 10. 28, 1-12.]

The type of Ptilopus eugeniz (Gould), P.Z.S., 1856, p. 137 (Solomon
Islands). Presented. [56. 10. 14, 15.]

90 birds from various localities. Purchased. [57. 10.16, 1-71; 57.
11. 171,,1194

4 Humming Birds. Purchased. [57. 11. 20, 1-4.]

251 birds, chiefly from South America. Purchased. [57. 11. 28,
1-251.]

127 birds from Ashanti. Purchased. [58. 1. 4, 1-127.]

On this collection was founded the record of the locality “ Ashanti,”
which so often occurs in Hartlaub’s “ Ornithologie West-Afrika’s,” on the
authority of specimens in the British Museum, but I greatly doubt if any
of them came from Ashanti proper. They seem to me to be all skins of
the ordinary Fanti make, and were probably preserved by Aubimu, a
professional negro hunter, who in Governor Ussher’s time, some twelve
years later, was an old man, but still an active collector ; he ultimately
died of small-pox. Among the speecimens thus procured from Mr. Gould
were several interesting additions to the Museum collection.

40 specimens from various localıties. Purchased. [58. 3. 5, 18;
58. 6. 25, 9-38; 58. 9.7, 67.

38 birds, mostly from South America and Australia. Purchased.
[58. 12. 2, 1-38.]

236 birds, nests and eggs, mostly from South America. Purchased.

[59. 3. 25, 28-84 (Falkland Islands); 59. 6. 5, 2-79; 59. 6. 29, 1-86;

59. 7. 6, 1-65 (Indian eggs).]

Some eggs are from Mexico, but the registering is faulty, and many
have no locality at all. T'he type of Gawvia roseiventris of Gould is also
included in this purchase (P.Z.S., 1859, p. 97) = Larus glaucodes, Meyer.
(Cf. Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 200.) -

15 nests from Epping. Presented. [59. 7. 6, 66-80.]

93 birds from various localities. Purchased. [60. 1. 16, 1-93.]

2 types, Otocorys penicillata (cf. Gould, P.Z.S., 1837, p. 126), and
Ruticilla erythroprocta (cf. Gould, P.Z.S., 1855, p. 78).

92 birds from South America (chiefly Ecuador and Amazonia).
Purchased. [60. 11. 26, 1-92.)

1 type (Toccus hartlaubi) and 1 (Thamnophilus corvinus) new to the
Museum.

176 Humming Birds. Purchased. [61. 11. 11, 1-176.]

11 birds from South America. Purchased. [61. 11. 11, 177-187.]

Ineludes the type of Chordeiles pusillus and a specimen of Moho
nobilis.

10 specimens of birds and 22 eggs from various localities. Purchased.
[62.6. 22, 1-32.]

3 specimens of birds and 13 sets of eggs from N.W. America.
Purchased. [62. 11. 4, 1-16.]

5 specimens of birds from West Africa. Purchased. [64. 2. 7, 1-5.]

Includes the type of Smithornis rufilateralis, Gray, P.Z.S., 1864,
p. 143, pl. xvi.

115 sets of eggs and 105 birds from various localities. Purchased,
[65. 2. 3, 1-115; 67. 3. 16, 1-105.]

Among these birds were the nestlings figured by Gould in his “ Bus
of Great Britain,” and several hybrid Game-birds.

Bürds. 375

168 birds from various localities. Purchased. [68. 1. 27, 1-41; 69.
6. 4, 1-102 (Humming Birds); 69. 6. 9, 1-25 (Samoan biras).]

In these purchases the Museum acquiret from Mr. Gould several
valuable types of species which be was theı figuring in his “ Supplement ”
to the “Birds of Australia,” such as Malurus hypoleucus, Gerygone
personata, Cyclopsittacus coxeni, Geopsittacus occidentalis, and (acomanlis
castaneiventris.

= specimens, mostly Humming Birds. Purchased. [72. 5. 28,
28-77.

The type of Otidiphaps nobilis is included in this purchase.

2 specimens of the Gyr-Falcon (Hierofalco gyrfalco) from Lapland
and West Finmark. Presented. [72. 11-8, 1-2.]

These were two of Wolley’s specimens lent for the purpose of
illustration in the “Birds of Great Britain.” (Cf. Newton, Ootheca
Wolleyana, p. 94.)

20 specimens of Acerpitres. Purchased. [72. 11. 8, 3-22].

Sume of these are the orıginals of the plates in the “ Birds of Great
Britain.”

7 Accipitres from various localities. Presented. [73. 6. 6,
1-97].

Including the type of Pernis celebensis.

18 birds from Australia. Purchased. [75. 11. 8, 1-18].

4 types of species, Strepera melanoptera, Oractieus cinereus, Ö. argenteus,
and (©. crissalis.

100 specimens, prineipally from Europe and various parts of Asia.
Purchased. [76. 1. 7, 1-100].

6315 specimens of birds. Purchased. [81.5. 1, 1-6315].

This was Gould’s private collection of birds, and was purchased by
the Trustees after his death. It contained a large number of interesting
species, 22 of which were new to the collection, as well as 59 types.

1155 eggs. Purchased. [84. 10. 1. 1-268; 84. 11. 20, 269-579;
85. 1. 8, 580-1264; 85. 3. 1, 1265-1687; 85. 7. 21, 1688-1736).

This collection of eggs was purchased at the saıne date as the bird-skins,
but was not registered until some tııe after. It contained a number of
Australian eggs which were new to the collection.

93 Humming Birds, with 8 types. Purchased. [88. 7. 25, 1-59;
90. 10. 14, 1-24].

This was the commencement of the registration of the Gould Collection
of Humming Birds, which was never completed. \

For Gould’s biography, reference may Ihe made to the memoir published
by me in my “ Analytical Index to the Works of the late John Gould,” in
1893, and to the “ Dictionary of National Biography ” (vol. xxit., p. 287).
Both these works give a full account of his labours, and especially of hıs
epoch-making journey to the Antipodes. His co lection of Australian
birds “comprised examples of both sexes of nearly every known species,
1800 specimens in all, in various sta.es of ylumage, each carefully
labelled with the scientific name and the name of the place where killed.”
The expedition to Australia cost Gould £2000, and he offered the collection,
with its numbers of priceless types, to the Truste s of the Bıitish Museum
of that day, for £1000. The otfer was declined, and Gould, in a fit of
chagrin, allowed Dr. Thomas Wilson of Philadelphia to buy the whole
collection for £1000; it has since been one of the greatest treasures of the
Academy of Natural Science in that town. ((/f. Cassın’s Report on the
Ornithological Collection, Proc. Acad. Philad., 1849, pp. 256-260 ; Witmer
Stone, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1899, pp. 5-63.)

376 Zoology.

Gould (Dr. Henry).

Eldest son of John Gould. He was in the Indian Medical Service,
and sent some collections of birds and eggs from Sind to his father.

Graham (R.).
80 specimens from Para. Presented. [45. 8. 25, 24-114.]

Graham (Sir R. J.), Bart.

3 hybrid Ducks (Anas boscas x A. strepera). Presented. [1905. 11.
20, 1-3.]

"A remarkable hybrid Drake (Anas boscas x Marcea penelope x Dafila
acuta). Presented. [1905. 12. 5, 1.]

Grandidier (ALFRED).

3 birds from Madagascar. Presented. [73. 6. 7, 63-65.]

M. Grandidier for many years devoted himself to the exploration of
Madagascar, and published, with Professor Alphonse Milne-Edwards, a
monumental work, “Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Mada-
gascar.”

A considerable number of Mammalia were presented by him to the
British Museum, but only three birds, Coua coquereli, C. gigas, and 0.
ruficeps, passed into the collection; these he kindly gave me on my first
visit to Paris in 1873.

Grant (Craupe H. B.).

Was an excellent taxidermist in the Museum, and with Seimund (q.v.)
joined the Imperial Yeomanry during the last Boer war. 'The two
troopers made a splendid collection of natural history objects in the
neighbourhood of Deelfontein (cf. Sharpe, Ibıs, 1904, pp. 1-29, 313-367,
pl. viii.). He has since been travelling and collecting in various parts of
South Africa for Mr. C. D. Rudd (q.v.).

Grant (W. R, OGILviE-).
See OGILVIE-GRANT.

Gray (Major ANSTRUTHER).
5 specimens of the Cereopsis Goose. Presented. [1905. 1. 17, 1-5.]

Gray (Capt. Davıp).

13 birds from the Arctic Seas. Presented. [93. 10. 8, 1-13.]
Saxicola cenanthe and Plectrophenax nivalis are among these speci-
mens, procured in long. 4° E., lat. 79° 30’ N.

Gregory (Sir A. C.).
See also ELsEy, J. R.

26 birds from the Gregory Expedition to N.W. Australia. Presented.
[56. 12. 24, 1-26.]

Gregory, accompanied by Dr. F. von Mueller as botanist, made expe-
ditions into N. W. Australia from 1855-58. (C/. Who’s Who, 1905, p. 662.)

Gregory (Dr. J. W.).

7 birds from Equatorial Africa. Presented. [94. 12. 21, 1-7.]

These few specimens were obtained during Dr. Gregory’s well-known
expedition to the Rift Valley in Equatorial Africa in 1892-93.

Birds. u

Grey (Sir GEORGE).

60 birds from West Australia. Presented. [40. 10. 13, 1-52.]

373 birds, mainly from South Australia. Presented. [43. 1. 4, 1-35;
45. 6. 14, 1-3; 43. 7. 14, 1-267; 44. 9. 3, 32-59; 44. 12. 18, 1-3;
45. 11. 7, 1-37.]

95 birds and eges from New Zealand. Presented. [47.1.8, 1-44;
51.7. 18, 145; 52.1. 20, 1-6; 54. 5. 31, 1-14.]

14 birds irom the Loyalty Islands. Presented. [54. 5. 31, 1-14.]

Contains the type of Myiagra viridinitens, Gray; Aplonis atronitens,
Gray; Zosterops melanops, Gray.

Sir George Grey always took an active interest in natural history, and
many of the Australian birds which he presented were obtained by
Mr. Gould, with whom he was on terms of friendship all his life.

Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., Suppl. II., pp. 357-361.

Grubbe (Admiral Sir WALTER Hunr).

2 specimens of Delegorgue’s Quail (Coturnix delegorguei) from St.
Thomas Island, W. Africa. Presented. [1905. 11. 9, 1-2.]

Gueinzius (Dr.).
See STEVENS, S.

Dr. Gueinzius was an early collector in Mozambique and Natal, and
his specimens are mentioned by the late Mr. J. H. Gurney in his first
memoirs on the ornithology of the latter country (cf. “Ibis,” 1859,
pp. 234-251). The Accipitres were purchased by Mr. Gurney for the
Norwich Museum, but the bulk of the other specimens passed into the
British Museum.

Guillemard (F. H. H.).

A very well-known traveller and naturalist who discovered many
new species of birds during the voyage of the Marchesa to the Malay
Archipelago, 1881-84. He has also made collections in Cyprus (cf. Lord
Liltord, postea, p. ).

Gulliver (H.).
See RoYAL SOCIETY.

Mr. Gulliver was the naturalist appointed to the Transit of Venus
Expedition to Rodriguez. He procured skins of Bebrornis rodericanus
and Foudia flavicans, with their nests and eggs (cf. Sharpe, Phil. Trans.,
extra vol. 168, pp. 459-469, 1879).

Gunn (Ronarp).

158 birds from Tasmania. Presented. [38. 1. 15, 48-205.]

This collection, comprising a very complete series of Tasmanian birds,
has now almost perished, the specimens having all been mounted for years
in the public galleries.

Günther (Dr. Auserr C. L.), F.R.S.

Collection of osteological specimens.

7 birds from Pagham Harbour, Sussex. Presented. [72. 10. 2, 1-7.]

37 specimens of Gulls and Cormorants from Fowey, Cornwall.
Presented. [76. 10. 21, 1-27 ; 78. 10. 4, 1-10.]

12 specimens of Guillemots, etc., from St. David’s, Pembrokeshire.
Presented. [81. 9. 30, 1-7; 82.9. 18, 1-5.]

31 specimens of old and young Cormorants and Shags from Fowey,
Cornwall. [84. 1. 29, 1-12; 88. 10. 15, 1-19.]

378 Zoology.

15 specimens of Terns and other shore-birds from Norfolk. Presented.
[89. 3. 11, 1-15.]

Dr. Günther was Keeper of the Zoological Department for twenty
years, and took a keen interest in ornithulogy. During his keepership
the groups illustrating the nesting of British birds were commenced and
carried out under hıs direetion. Some of them were also presented by him.
Dr. Günther likewise initiated and carried through the “ Catalogue of
Birds,” which was completed in twenty-seven volumes.

Gurney (Joun Henry).

5 specimens of Cathartes aura, etc., from California. Presented.
[73. 7. 19, 19-23.]

44 birds from the Transvaal. Presented. [76. 6. 5, 1-26; 78. 6.18,
1-15.] Including a specimen of Geocichla gurneyi, wlich was new to
the collection.

Mr. Gurney was the greatest antherity on the Accipitres of his day,
and it was throuch his exertions that the magnificent collection of Birds
of Prey was formed at Norwich. He told me that the way in which this
collection came to be made was through a eurious aceideut. When it was
resolved to give up the museum of the Zoological Society an agent was
entrusted with some money to buy a selection of the birds for the Norwich
Museum. The sale commenced in scientific sequence with the Aceipitres,
and the agent bid with diligent persistence until all his money was gone,
with the result that he bought ouly Birds of Prey. With this foun-
dation Gurney determined to devote himself to a special study of these
birds, and made the collection of Aceipitres at Norwich the most famous
in the world. He also took particular interest in the ornithology of
South Africa, and wrote many papers in the “Ibis” on the birds of
Natal and the Transvnaal, based on the collections made by Mr. Thomas
Ayres (q.v.). A list of Mr. Gurney’s papers is given in my edition of
Layard’s “ Birds of South Africa,” p. xiii. He also edited the “Birds of
Damara-Land,” from the MSS. left by ©. J. Andersson (g.v.).

Gurney (Joun Henry), jun.

63 birds from Esypt. Presented. [76. 1. 22, 1-18; 81. 10. 24, 1-48]
(ef. Ibis, 1871, pp. 68-86, 289-301).

541 specimens from the Transvaal. Presented. [90. 10. 16, 1-445;
90. 12. 20, 1-96.]

This was a donation of a portion of the African collection formed by
his late father during the latter’s life-time. It included many valuable
specimens, the series being divided between the British Museum and
Canon Tristram, whose share has now passed with the rest of his great
collection into the Liverpool Museum.

Habel (Dr. A.).

63 birds from the Galapagos Islands. Purchased. [75.4. 2, 1-63.]

Dr. Habel was a well-known explorer of the Galapaeos, and his
collection was described by Messrs. Sclater and Salvin (P.Z.S., 1870,
pp. 322-327), when 7 new species were named. The bulk of Dr. Habel’s
birds, with the types of the new species, was purchased by Dr. Godman ;
and the collection formed part of the ground-work of Mr. Salvin’s memoir
on the “Birds of the Galapagos” (Trans. Z. S., ix., pp. 447-510, pls.
lzxxiv.-Ixxxix.).

Birds. 379

Haggard (W.H.D.).
67 birds from the Andes of Ecuador. Presented. [94. 2. 15, 1-67.]
Mr. Haggard has been H.B.M. Resident Minister in Ecuador,
Venezuela, and the Argentine Republic. The birds presented by him
were collected by his friend Mr. L. Söderstrom, the Swedish Consul in
Ecuador, who has himself aiso given some valuable birds to the Museum.

Haigh (GerorGE Henry Carton),

17 specimens of Sturnus vulgaris from Tetney, Lincolnshire, Pre-
sented. [89. 1. 2, 1-17.]

Mr. Caton Haigh was one of several friends who helped me in my
unluckily futile endeavours to determine the migratory routes of the
Common Starling in Europe, and he obtained a series of specimens from
the Lincolnshire coast. My object was to ascertain what proportion of
the birds which migrated from the Üontinent to our eastern shores
in winter were the Scandinavian form (the true Sturnus vulgaris of
Linnaus) or were tinged with an admixture of the Purple-headed Starling
(Sturnus menzbieri, Sharpe). Althoush it was evident that many of our
eastern birds were of the intermediate form, which Mr. Prazak, rushing
in where I had feared to tread, afterwards called Sturnus intermedius, it
was impossible to prove whether the Starlings which were procured on
our eastern and southern coasts were misrants from the Continent or
birds which came south from the north of England or from Scutland (ef.
Eagle Clarke, Ibis, 1902, pp. 246-269).

45 Skylarks (Alauda arvensis) from the neighbourhood of Great
Grimsby. Presented. [90. 10. 20, 1-43.]

These Larks were also collected for me by Mr. Caton-Haigh for the
same purpose as the Starlings, viz., to attempt to settle the lines of
migration of our own Skylark and the larger Continental form.

57 Wading Birds from Great Grimsby. Presented. [91. 10.1, 1-35;
91. 10. 25, 1-22.

Hall (Roserr),.

10 birds from N.W. Australia. Presented. [1902. 6. 12, 1-10.]
1 new to the collection (Pseudogerygone tenebrosa).

Mr. Hall is one of the most energetic of Australian naturalists, and has
also collected in Kerguelen Land (cf. Ibis, 1900, pp. 1-34), and on the
River Lena in Siberia (cf. Hartert, Ibis, 1904, pp. 415-446).

Hamilton (Capt.).
16 birds from Jamaica. Presented. [58. 10. 1, 12-27.]

Hamilton (G. E. H. BArrETT-).

See BARRETT-HAMILTON.

Hanson (Nıkorar).

308 specimens of birds and eggs from N. Norway. [96. 10. 2, 1-37;
BR, 129597. 2. 61-27; 97. 5. 11, 1-21; 97. 11. 16, 1225;
97. 12. 12, 1-38; 98. 4. 28, 1-37; 98. 5. 3, 1-28; 98. 6. 24, 34-66.]

These birds were collected in the Sundal Fjord and the neighbourhood
of Christiansund, as well as on the Smoleu Islands, whither he accompanied
mein May 1898. He obtained a most useful series shewing the changing
plumages of the Black Guillemot (Uria grylle), and especially of the
Eider Duck (Somateria mollissima).

Hanson died during the Antarctic Expedition of the Southern Cross,
of which he was the zoologist. On this occasion he made a fine collection

3850 Zoology.

of seals and birds, but his notes were lost. His diarv was published
by me in the “Report on the collections of Natural History made in the
Antarctic Regions during the voyage of the Southern Cross,” Aves,
pp. 106-173, pls. vii.-x., published by the Trustees in 1902. He was one
of the most conscientious and energetic collectors I have ever known.

See also NEWNES, Sir GEORGE, Bart.

Hanson (BErnArD).
33 eggs of Norwegian birds. Purchased. [89. 6. 24, 1-33.]
A younger brother ot the above, and a very good collector.

Harcourt (EpwAarn VERNON).

A specimen of the Andalusian Hemipode (Turnix sylvatica). Pre-
sented. [52. 10. 8, 1.]

Mr. Vernon Harcourt published a list of the birds of Madeira
(P.Z.S. for 1851, pp. 141-146). In 1854 he described as new Regulus
maderensis (P.Z.S., 1854, p. 153), and in a further list published in 1855
in the “ Annals and Magazine of Natural History,” (2), xv., pp. 430-438,
he described a new Petrel from tlıe Desertas Islands, Procellaria castro.
Neither of the types came to the Museum.

Hardwicke (General).

See antea, p.

Hargitt (Epwarp), R.I.

: specimens from the Vosges Mountains. Presented. [51. 11. 28,
1-2.

36 birds, mostly from the North of France. Presented. [85. 1. 12,
1-36. ]

109 birds from various localities. Purchased [86. 9. 13, 1-73] and
presented [86. 12. 1, 1-36].

1307 specimens of Woodpeckers (Piei). Purchased. [97. 11. 10,
1-1807.

Pr bis earliest years Edward Hargitt was a devoted student of
ornithology, and collected in the Orkneys and the Highlands of Scotland
during his excursions to these localities as an artist. He afterwards made
a fine collection of European birds and eggs, but he gradually dropped
this portion of his work in order to devote himself to the study of
the Picide. Of these birds he acquired a large collection, and
wrote memoirs on several groups of Woodpeckers. In 1887 he was
asked by Dr. Günther to write the eighteenth volume of the “ Catalogue
of Birds,” which he did with his usual conscientiousness ; it is one of the
best-written volumes of the series. For the last few years of his life his
health failed him, but he occupied himself with painting a series of
pictures of Woodpeckers, which, it is hoped, may be secured some day for
the British Museum, as his collection of birds, from which the paintings
are mostly taken, is now in the National Collection. Of a singularly
lovable disposition, Hargitt was endeared to a large number of artistic
and scientifie men, and his death was mourned by a wide circle of
friends.

Harington (Captain H. H.).
9 birds from Upper Burmah. Presented. [1905. 12. 20, 1-9.]

Harris.
See WEBSTER-HARRIS,

Birds. 381

Harris (Sir W. CoRNWwALLIS).

Sir © rnwallis Harris, the author of the “ Hishlands of Ethiopia,” and
other works on the game and wild animals of Southern Africa, accom-
panied the British Expedition to Shoa in ‚and made a collection of
birds, chiefly in the neighbourhood of Ankober and Angolalla. These
collections passed into the India Museum, and were all registered as from
« Abyssinia” bv Messrs. Horsfield and Moore in the “Catalogue of the
Birds in the Museum ot the East India Company.” Fortunately the
original labels were not detached from the specimens in the India
Museum, so that the record of locality was not lost ; but all the birds
transferred to tne British Mrıseum had, after the fashion of those times,
the labels carefully removed, and a card-board ticket marked “ Abyssinia”’
attached ! (Of. Diet. Nat. Bivgr., xxv., p. 28.)

See Inpıa Museum.

Harrison (Colonel J.J.).

31 birds from Somali Land. Presented. [1901. 3. 15, 1-31.]

Colonel Harrison made an expedition, in company with Mr. A. E. Butter,
Captain Powell Cotton and Mr. W. F. Whitehouse, through Somali Land
to Lakes Rudolf and Baringo. He made a good collection of birds, which
was described by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant in the ‘Ibis’ for 1901 (pp. 278-299,
pl. vii.). A species of Finch-Lark described as Pyrrhulauda harrisoni
turned out to be P. signata, Oust. The specimens presented by Colonel
Harrison were all of great interest to the Museum.

45 birds from the White Nile district. Presented. [1905. 2. 3, 1-45.]

Hart (H. CuicHzster).
See LoRDS OF THE TREASURY.

Mr. Hart was the naturalist on board the Discovery during Sir George
Nares’ expedition towards the North Pole. He has given an account of
his experiences in a paper published in the ‘ Zoologist’ for 1880 (pp. 121-
129, 204-214). He has also written a book on the Fauna and Flora of
Sinai, Arabia Petr»a, etc. (1891).

Hartert (Ernsr).

98 birds from East Prussia and other parts of Germany. Received in
exchange. [92. 4. 11, 1-98.]

Dr. Hartert is the Director of the Hon. Walter Rothschild’s Museum
at Tring, and is one of the most energetic of modern naturalists. His
experiences in Eastern Prussia have been described in the ‘Ibis’ for
1892 (pp. 353-372, 504-522), and the account of bis travels in many
foreign lands is given in his memoir, “ Ausden Wanderjahren eines Natur-
forschers,” first published in the ‘ Novitates Zoologie» ’ for 1901 (pp. 221-
355, 383-39, pls. xii.-xvii.), and 1902 (pp. 141-160, 193-339, pls. 1-5),
and afterwards as a separate work.

Harting (J. EnmunD).

23 birds from Madagascar, collected by the Rev. W. Deans Cowan.
Purchased. [80. 5. 1, 1-23.]

Among many interesting species was the type of Oxylabes cinereiceps,
Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1881, p. 197.

80 mounted specimens of British birds. Purchased. [73. 11. 17, 17-
22; 83. 11. 10, 1-74.]

Among these were several authentic examples of rare birds killed in
Great Britain, among them being three specimens of the so-called Sabine’s

382 Zoology.

Snipe (Gallinago sabinei), and the Red-breasted Snipe (Macrorhamplrus
griseus), etc.

29 Aceipitres from South Queensland, collected by Mr. J. Bell.
Presented. [1901. 12. 8, 1-20; 1902. 7. 31, 1-9.]

2 specimens of Willow Grouse from the Altai Mts., procured by
Prince Demidotf. Presented. [1902. 7. 31, 10, 11.]

Mr. Harting is one of the best-known British naturalists, and there is
probably no one living who can so well remember the days belore
enclosure had done away with the natural harbours on the south coast,
where birds were plentiful in places now dominated by the ploush. His
reminiscences, like my own, carry him back to the palmy days of Pagham
Harbour, wben some fine collecting was to be done on the mud-flats, and
a number of specimens obtained by him in his early life are in the
Museum. He was for many years the best authority on Wading Birds,
and made a fine collection of C'haradriide, which was ultimately acquired
by the late Mr. Henry Seebohm, who made it the basis of his work on
the “ Geographical Distribution of the Family Charadrüdz.” With the
Seebohm bequest the whole of this celebrated collection of Waders was
added to the national collection. Mr. Harting has published many
popular books on natural history, and has done much to spread the love
of the study of birds among the people.

Harvey (W.).

160 birds from Malacca. Presented. [65. 6. 30, 1-160.]

These birds, prepared in the usual Malay type of skins, were
without particulars of sex or date, and being now replaced by Mr. Hume’s
beautiful series, have mostly passed into the duplicates.

Harvie-Brown (J. A.).
‚See also FEILDEN, Colonel H. W.
11 birds from Dunipace, Larbert, N.B. Presented. [92. 12. 19, 1-11.]

Hauxwell (J.).

Was an old companion of H. W. Bates, and settled in Upper Ama-
zonia. He travelled on the Ucayali River in the early fifties, and made
a large collection, which was exhibited to the Zoological Society by
Gould in May 1855 (P.Z.S., 1855, pp. 77, 78). In 1867, after a long
period of inaction, he again forwarded a collection from Pebas, a
town on the north bank of the River Amazon. This was described
by Messrs. Sclater and Salvin in the “ Proceedings ” for 1567 (pp. 977-
981, pl. xlv.), when four new species of birds were characterised.
The bulk of the collection passed into the hands of Messrs. Salvin and
Godman and Dr. Sclater, but a few were purchased by the British
Museum. [See Higgins.) Out ofa later consignment sent to Mr. Whiteley
from Samirja, some specimens were acauired for Dr. F. D. Godman.
In Professor James Orton’s book, “The Andes and the Amazon,”
he mentions his meeting with Hauxwell at Pebas, where he was com-
fortably established and received the traveller with great hospitality.
Pebas is situated on a high clay bluff, beside the Ambiyacu, a mile above
its entrance into the Maraüon.

Haviland (Drs. H. A. and G. D.).

32 sn from Mt. Kina Balu in N.W. Borneo. Presented. [93. 6.
10, 1-32.

Two species (Merula seebohmi and Hyloterpe hypoxantha) were new
to the Museum.

Birds. 383

Hawker (Rıcnarp McD.).

21 specimens from Lahej, S. Arabia. Presented. [98. 4. 30, 94-114.]

In this small series were specimens of the Lanner Falcon (Falco
Feldeggi) and the Pintail Duck (Dafila acuta). Cf. Ibis, 1898, pp.
374-376.

163 specimens from Somali Land. Presented. [98. 6. 13, 1-163.]

Five species were new to the collection, of which two (Mirafra mar-
ginata, Apalis viridiceps) were types of new forms. The collection was
described by Mr. Hawker in the “ Ibis” for 1899 (pp. 52-81, pl. ii.). M.
marginata is now considered to be the same species as M. cantillans of
India.

451 specimens of birds, nests, and eggs from the Egyptian Sudan.
Presented. [1901. 8. 3, 1-76 ; 1902. 4. 20, 1-358; 1902. 7. 10, 1-17.)

This collection is described by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant in the “ Ibis” for
1902 (pp. 393-470, pls. x., xii.).

81 birds from Berbera, Somali Land. Presented. [1903. 8. 5, 1-31.]

5 birds from the Sudan and 5 birds from Australia. Presented.
[1905. 6. 30, 1-10.]

Hearsey (Brigadier-General T.).

10 specimens of birds from the Punjaub. Presented. [54. 12. 6,
1-10.]

Heath (Aurken).
‚See GERRARD, E.

Helms (Dr. OrTto).

37 Greenland Gyr-Falcons (Hierofalco candicans) and Iceland Gulls
(Larus leucopterus). Purchased. [1900. 6. 26, 1-15; 1901. 3. 16, 1-8;
1902. 9. 29, 1-14.]

A very interesting series of skins, showing the changes of plumage in
the Greenland Falcons.. See Dr. Helms’ memoir, “ Ueber Grönlands
Vogelwelt” (J. f. O., 1902, pp. 91-101, 126).

Henderson (Messrs. [o£ Dundee] ).

9 specimens of Greenland Gyr-Falcons (/lierofalco candicans) from
Greenland. Purchased. [99. 11. 2, 1-9.]

Henderson (Dr. GEORGE).
See GERRARD, E.

Dr. Henderson was the naturalist attached to the British Mission to
Yarkand, under Sir Douglas Forsyth, in 1870 (ef. “ Lahore to Yarkand,”
by G. Henderson and A.O. Hume, 8vo, 1873). During the expedition
s-veral new species were discovered, and the types of these (Falco
hendersoni, Saxicola hendersoni, Podoces hendersoni, P. humilis, Trochalo-
pterum simile) were purchased for the Museum through Mr. Gerrard.
They are all figured in the above-mentioned book.

Henning (J.).
115 specimens of Finches. Purchased. [87. 1. 25, 1-115.]

“Herald,” Voyage of H.M.S.

See RAYNER, Dr. F. M.; MaAcGiuLıvrAY, John.

384 Zoology.

Hewett (W.).

236 eggs of Guillemots from the Bempton clifis. Purchased. [1901.
10. 27, 2-151; 1902. 11. 5, 1-86.]

This series, selected from many hundreds of eggs obtained by Mr.
Hewett, is exhibited in the Great Hall of the Natural History Museum
as an example of the variation in the colour to be found in the eggs laid
by one single species.

Hiekman (J.).

26 birds from Fanti, West Africa. Presented. [91. 2. 11, 1-26.]

Some rare birds were contained in this collection, among them four
specimens of Pzoptera lugubris.
Higgins (T.).

A specimen of Andersson’s Pern (Mach@rhamphus anderssoni) from
Damara Land. Purchased. [62. 2. 23, 1.]

23 birds from Damara Land. Purchased. [66. 12. 24, 1-23.]

These were from some of the last collections sent home by Andersson.

25 specimens from N.E. Australia and Upper Amazonia. Purchased.
[67. 2. 25, 1-6; 67. 10.1, 1-19.]

Ten of these birds from Cape York and Champion Bay were collected
by Cockerell ; the other nine were collected by Hauxwell.

14 birds from Zanzibar, and other localities. Purchased. [68. 1. 29,
1-9; 68. 2. 21, 2-6.]

21 birds from N.E. Australia. Purchased. [69. 8. 17, 1-21.]

Three species, O'yelopsittacus coxeni, Ptilotis cockerelli, and Myzomela

pectoralis were new to the collection. T'hey were from one of the series

obtained in Cape York and Queensland by Cockerell and T'horpe.

15 birds from Celebes. Purchased. [72. 5. 27, 1-15.]

These were some of the duplicates from Dr. A. B. Meyer’s expedition
to the Moluccas.

9 birds from Fanti, W. Africa, collected by Mr. G. Lyall. Purchased.
[75. 5. 21, 1-9.]

3 species new to the Collection, Pxoptera lugubris, Myiocey& ruficeps,
and Dendropicus lugubris.

175 birds from Borneo and the Philippine Islands, colleeted by Alfred
Everett. Purchased. [75. 8. 16, 1-57; 76.7. 28, 1-96; 78.1.4, 1-5;
78. 5. 20, 80-96. ]

These were Everett’s early Bornean collections, made chiefly im
Sarawak, together with a few specimens from the Philippines. They
contained the types of Micropus immaculatus, Prionochilus everetti,
and Phyllornis vıridinucha. His Bornean collections were described by
me in the ‘Ibis’ for 1876, 1877, 1893, and in the P.Z.S. for 1879
(cf antea,p. ).

469 biıds, nests, and egss, from Labuan and Lumbidan, N.W. Borneo.
Purchased. [76. 5. 2, 1-151; 80. 9. 14, 1-318.]

Collected by Sir Hush Low, and forming the material for my paper
in the “ Proceedings” of the Zoolıgical Society for 1875 (pp. 99-111),
1879 (pp. 317-354, pl. xxx.).

12 birds from the collection made by the late Dr. James in British
New Guinea. Purchased. [77. 4.6, 1-12.]

Dr. James was killed by the natives of Yule Island shortly after
his arrival in British New Guinea. His collection was described by me
in the ‘Journal’ of the Linnean Society (Zool., vol. xiii., pp. 305-821,
1878). He discovered the following new species: Phonyyama jamesi

a RR Zr

Birds. 385

(Cat. B, III, p. 181), Tanysiptera microrhyncha, and Melidora
eollaris.

16 birds from the Fiji Islands and New Caledonia, collected by
E. L. and E. L. C. Layard. Purchased. [76. 2. 3, 4-15; 78. 5.20,
76-79.

7 Pen new to the collection (ef. Ibis, 1876, pp. 137-157, Fiji
Islands ; 1877, pp. 355-863 ; 1878, pp. 250-267, New Caledonia).

75 birds from Sarawak, collected by Mr. Harold Everett. Purchased.
[78. 5. 20, 1-75] (vide supra, p. ).

5 specimens from the neighbourhood of Antananarivo, Madagascar,
col'ected by Mr. Lormier. Purchased. [79. 3. 5, 25-29.]

The five specimens included an example of Heliodilus sowmagnei, and
the types of a new Warbler (Dromzocercus seebohmi).

Higgins was a retired doctor with a strong love of natural history, who
succeeded to Mr. Samuel Stevens’ celebrated zonlogical agency, when the
latter retired from attive work. Higgins ultimately settied in Tasınania,
and died there.

Hildebrandt (Dr.).

57 specimens from Fast Africa. Purchased. [79.3.4,1-52 ; 79.3.5,
1-5.) 6 species new to the collection.

Dr. Hildebrandt collected in the Teita distriet of British East Africa,
and his birds were described by Dr. Cabanis (J. f. ©., 1878, pp. 213-246).
He afterwards travelled in Madagascar, where he died.

Hinde (Dr. R. B.).

156 birds from Kamptee, C. India. Presented. [75. 7. 13, 1-156.]
Dr. Hinde was the uncle of the well-known traveller, Dr. Sydney L.
Hinde.

Hinde (Dr. S. L.).

144 birds from Machakos, British East Africa. Presented. [96. 9.11,
1-32; 98. 5. 13, 1-95; 99. 2. 1. 1-17.]

2 types (Cisticola hindei, Serinus fagani) and 5 species new to the
collection (cf. Ibis, 1898, pp. 576-587, pl. xii., fig. 2).

39 birds from Masai Land, including types of Euprinodes hildegard:e.
[99. 10.30, 1-19; 1900. 2. 6, 1 and 2; 1900. 2. 23, 1-18.]

21 birds from the Athi River, including the types of Crateropus hindei.
Presented. [1901. 5. 6, 1-19; 1901. 5. 7,1 and 2.]

Dr. Hinde saw much service with the Congo Free State armv on the
Upper Congo, and has written a very interesting work on the “ Downfall
of the Congo Arabs.” He has since held appointments under the Foreign
Office in British East Africa, and has made several good collections of
birds, in the formation of which he has been aided by his wife,

Hobson (H. E.).

9 birds from Northern Formosa. Presented. [77. 10. 22, 1-9.]
1 new to the collection.

Mr. Hobson was H.B.M. Consul in Formosa, and presented many
Butterflies to the Museum, as well as a few birds.

Hodgson (Brıan H.).

2596 birds from Nepal and Tibet. Presented. [43. 1. 13, 1-1302;
44. 12. 27, 14; 45. 1. 9, 1-841; 45. 1. 12, 1-414 (skeletons), 478-
'513.]

These were Hodgson’s early collections, and were presented by him to

VOL, II. IC

386 Zoology.

the Museum when he left Nepal in 1843. It is from these specimens
that the native drawings of the birds were taken. Every one of the
Hodsson drawings has its name and its number, and the specimens
orizinally had a label tied either round the neck or the foot, bearing a
number corresponding with that of the drawing. In Dr. Gray’s
“ Zoological Miscellany ” for 1844, Hodgson, writing from Canterbury on
the 24th of June,* gave a list of Nepalese birds, with an indication of
the Hodgsonian number, and he stated that “a nearly complete series
[of drawings] has been sent to the British Museum.” Consequentlv, these
drawings constitute the types of Hodgson’s species. A second set of
drawings was retained by Hodgson himself, and afterwards given by him
to the Zoological Society; these two sets have never yet been collated
together.

In the “Dictionary of National Biography ” (Suppl., vol. ii., pp. 429-
432), it is said that after his resignation of the Indian Civil Service in
1543, he came to England, but that, alter less than a year at home, he
resolved to return to India. He fixed his residence at Darjiling, where
for thirteen years he livel the life of a recluse, suffering a good deal from
weak health, but this did not abate his ardour for colleeting or his devotion
to learning. Dr. J. E. Gray, in his preface to the “Ontalogue” of the
Hodsson collection, writing on the 10th of December, 1846, speaks of him
as having returned to India, to continue his studies and complete his
series of drawings.

801 birds from Behar. Presented. [45. 5. 19, 1-301.]

This series of skins from Behar was never made by Hodgson’s Hima-
layan collectors. The method of preparation is quite different. It may
have been made for Hodgson by some friend of his, or he may have
employed a native of the country to prepare the skins. Ican find no
evidence that Hodgson was ever resident in Behar.

307 birds from “India”! [See small register.] Presented. [48. 6. 4,
1-307.

In Is as mentioned above, Hodgson was living at Darjiling, and
there can be no doubt that this collection came from Sikhim. On looking up
some of the specimens which are registered by G. R. Gray himself (with-
out any specific localities and with only the Hodgsonian number added),
I have found skivs labelled by Gray as from Behar! Any one who com-
pares the preparation of the Behar examples with that of the Himalayan
taxidermists, will see at a glance that this 1848 collection has been made
by the same hands as the early Nepal collections, and doubtless Hodgson
had imported some of his native skinners from Nepal. The question is
settled, however, by an entry of Gray’sin the register: “211 duplicates
transferred to the Hon. E. I. Comp.” ; and in Horsfield and Moore’s Oata-
logue of the latter collection (Vol. I., Intr., p. v.), we read: “1848.
B. H. Hodgson, Esqg. Several birds from Sikim and Darjiling,” showing
that Moore knew where they were from, if Gray did not.

These Sikhim specimens wıll have to be carefully relabelled ; but it
shows the truth of Professor Newton’s criticism on G. R. Gray, tbat he
was a good ornitholosical clerk; but in the case of the Hodgson col-
lections he was not even entitled to this praise, for he destroyed all
Hod«son’s origiual labels.

598 birds from Nepal. Presented. [59. 3. 4, 1-598.]

For some reason Hodgson was offended with his treatment by the

* Mr. Gerrard, sen., remembers going to Canterbury to pack the collection
for transmission to London.

Birds. 387

Grays, and in 1853 he sent a large collection of birds from Nepal and
Tibet to the E. I. Company’s Museum, but, in 1859, he appears to have
once more determined to send his collections to the British Museum.

When the India Museum was broken up in 1881 and its zoological
contents were merged in the British Museum, the whole of the
Hodgsonian series was once more united under one roof, and great praise
is due to Mr. F. Moore for having preserved the original labels on those
specimens which had been under his charge. Two Catalozues of the
Hodgson collection were published by the 'I'rustees, one in 1846, and a
second in 1863.

Besides the article in the “ Dictionary of National Biography,” a life
of Hodgson has been written by Sir William Hunter.

Cf. also ‘Ibis,’ 1894, pp. 580, 581.

Holboell (Governory.
See also STEVENS, S.

5 birds and 31 eggs from Greenland. Purchased. [50. 11. 9, 23-58.].

Holboell was the Danish Governor of South Greenland, and took great
interest in natural history. He discovered the intermediate race
between the typical Gyr-Falcon of Greenland and that of Iceland, and
named it Falco arcticus. As this name was preoccupied, I named the
bird Hierofalco holboelli in his honour. The large Red-poll (Cannabina
holboelli), from Scandinavia and Siberia, is also named after him. The
latter species has occurred occasionally in England.

Holden (W.L.).
7 birds from Paraguay. Presented. [1904. 11. 30, 1-7.]

Holland (Arraur H.).

789 birds and esgs from Argentina. Purchased. [97. 11. 14, 1-224;
98. 3. 25, 1-565.]

Mr. Holland is an energetic young naturalist who has devoted much
attention to the ornithology of the Argentine Republic, on which subject
he has published some interesting papers (Ibis, 1890, pp. 424-428;
1891, pp. 16-20; 1892, pp. 195-214; 1893, pp. 467-469; 1895, pp. 213-
217; 1896, pp. 315-318).

His collection of eggs, 565 in number, has proved to be of the utmost
value to the Museum, as can be seen in the published voiumes of the
“('atalogue of Eggs.” Among the birds was the type of Hapalocercus
hollandi, Sclater, Ibis, 1896, p. 317.

Holst (P. A.).

44 birds from Central Asia, of which 7 were new to the collection.
Purchased. [83. 4. 3, 1-37; 83. 5. 23, 1-7.]

Duplicates from the Severtzoff and Russow collections. Also some
interesting species from the Caucasus.

9 birds from Sweden. Purchased. [84. 7. 29, 1-9.]

50 birds from Russia, Siberia, Turkestan, and other parts of Central
Asia, with 3 species new to the collection. [84. 9. 25. 1-20; 86. 3. 31,
1-30.

a was a young Swedish collector who settled in England for a time
as an agent, and from whom the Museum purchased several interesting
specimens. He afterwards travelled in the East for Henry Seebohm, aud
visited the Volcano Islands, the Liu Kiu Islands, and the Bonin group,
as well as Formosa. Here he discovered a beautiful new Tit (Parus holsti)
named after him by Seebohm (Ibis, 1995, pl. vi.).

203

388 Zoology.

Home (Sir James Everarp), R.N.

59 birds from New Zealand and Tongatabu. Presented. [46. 12. 4,
59.]

A son of the well-knöown Sir Everard Home.

Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxvii., pp. 227, 228.

Hooker (Sir JosEPpH).

17 nests from various localities. Presented. [66. 11. 17, 1-17.]

Sir Joseph Hooker was naturalist to the Antarctie Expedition, surgeon
to the Erebus during the celebrated voyaze of Sir James Koss in 1839-43,
assisted by Dr. McCormick and Dr. Lyall. 'I'he cullections made by Sir
Juseph at the various ıslands visited were very complete (cf. my paper on
the Birds of Kerguelen Island in the 168th volume (extra vol.) of the
“ Philosophical Transactions ”).

Of. also “ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 751.

Hopkinson (Dr. E.).

25 skeletons of birds from the Gambia. Presented. [1904. 4. 28,
1-13; 1904. 6. 26, 1-12.]

Horn (W. A.).

19 birds from Central Australia, including a specimen of the rare
Queen Alexandra’s Parrakeet (Spathopterus alexandrz), new to the
collection. Presented. [95. 11. 18, 1; 98. 5. 15, 1-18.]

In 1894 Mr. Horn promoted the celebrated “ Horn Scientific Exploring
Expedition ” to Central Australia (see the “Journal,” ete., published by
the Government of South Australia, as a Blue Book, in 1896). 'The hirds
obtained on the expedition were described by Mr. A. J. North (Rep. Hoın
Exped. Centr. Austr., Part Il., Zoology, Aves, pp. 53-111, pls. v.-vii.).

Horsbrugh (Crarıes B.).

26 nests from the Sundal Valley, Norway. Presented. [99. 8. 31,
1-26.]

Mr. Horsbrugh accompanied me during one of my excursions to
Norway, when we made a careful study ot the nesting habits of the
Brambling (Fringslla montifringilla) and the Chafünch (F. czlebs), and
collected a number uf nests.

The nest @n situ, with the parent birds and four nestlines, of the
Tawny Owl (Syrnium aluco) from Martock, Somersetshire. Presented.
[1901. 5. 2, 1-6.] Exhibited in the Bird Gallery.

Horsfield (Dr. Tomas).

3 specimens of Indian birds. Presented. [47. 9. 17, 1-8.]

Horsfielll served under Sir Stamford Raffles in Java, and was well
known for his work on the Zoology of the island (cf. his paper in the
Linnean Transactions, xiii., pp. 133-200, 1820—“ Sytematic Arrangement
and Description uf Birds from the Island of Java”; also “ Zoological
Researches in Java,” 4to, 1824), and in conjunction with Vigors he wrote
a valuable memoir on the “ Australian Birds in the collection of the Linnean
Society ” (Trans. Linn. Soc., xv., pp. 170-331, 1825-26). Many new
species were described, the types of which were afterwards eiven to the
British Museum. He was appointed, in 1820, Keeper of ıhe Museum
of the Hon. E. I. Co., a post he retained till his death in 1859. He wrote
several catalogues of the eontents of the Museum, but,in the case of the
Birds and Lepidoptera, the woık was chiefly done by his assistant, Mr.
Frederie Moore.

Cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxvil., pp. 379-880.

. Birds. 389

Hose (Cnarues), D.Sc.
See also GERRARD, E.

16 specimens of Esculent Swifts (Collocalia), with their nests and
eggs, from Sarawak. Presented. [88. 1. 6, 1-16.]

83 birds from Mts. Kalulong aud Dulit in N.W. Borneo. Presented.
193. 7. 2, 1-83.]

For the description of the Mt. Dulit collection, cf. ‘ Ibis,’ 1892, pp.
322-324, 430-442, pls. x., xi. The collection Irom Kalulung is described
in the “Ibıs’ for 1893, pp. 546-550.

60 specimens of Bornean birds in spirits. Presented. [97. 2. 29, 1-24.]

277 specimens from various districts of Sarawak and the island of
Celebes. Presented. [99. 8. 31, 1-6 (Mount Dulit and Mount Mulu);
1900. 2. 15, 1-150; 1900. 3. 20, 1-45.]

96 birds in spirits from Borneo. [1904. 5. 2, 1-96.]

Hubbard (Rev. E. H.).

8 speeimens from Nassa, Speke Gulf, Victoria Nyanza. Purchased
through Mr. F. C. Smith. [95. 3. 3, 1-8.]

Contained the types of a new Francolin (Francolinus hubbardi)
described by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant (Bull. B.O.C., iv., p. 27, 1895).

Hudson (W. H.).
61 nests and eggs from Buenos Aires. Presented. [74. 5. 21, 5-65.]
Mr. Hudson is the well-known uaturalist who has thrown so much
lieht upon the omithology of the Argentine Republic (see “ Argentine
Ornithology,” by Sclater and Hudson). His accounts of the habits of
birds have always been most interesting. His collections from Conchitas
were described by Messrs. Sclater and Salvin (P.Z.S., 1868, pp. 137-146).

Hudson’s Bay Company.
A specimen of the Gulden Eagle. Presented. [43, 11. 28, 10.]

Hügel (Baron A. von).

4 Gannets (Sula bassana) from the Bass Rock. Presented. [73.11. 4,
1-4.]

These were presented with the idea of forming a group of Bass Rock
birds.. Some of the specimens are in the great case now in the Bird
Gallery.

35 specimens from various localities. Presented. [73. 12. 3, 1-33;
73. 12. 26, 13-14.]

Very interesting specimens of Palzarctic birds, including the skin of a
Griffon Vulture (G@yps fulvus).

16 birds from Hampshire. Presented. [74. 3. 14, 28-43.]

23 birds from New Zealaud. Presented. [50. 5. 3, 1-23.] The
types of Phalacrocorax stewarti are included in this donation (ef. Cat. B.,
xxvi., p. 386).

Baron von Hügel is the son of the celehrated Baron Cari von Hügel,
who wrote the well-known work of travel, “Kaschmir und das Reich der
Siek,” 1840-1848.

The donations to the British Museum were from his collection of
British birds which the young Baron made before he went out to the Fiji
Islands and New Zealand. Some of the specimens which he gave to the
Museum were of great intrinsic value.

390 Zoology.

Hugh (Father).

94 birds from the province of Shen-si in Western China. [98. 10.30,
1-10 ; 1900. 4. 28, 1-47; 1900. 9. 9, 1-17; 1902. 10. 10, 1-20.]

Father Hugh’s early collections were described by me in the “ Comptes
Rendus’” of the third International Congress of Ornitholugists at Paris in
1900 (Ornis, xi., pp. 173, 185).

Humblot (Governor).
See FRANK, G. A., antea, p.

Hume (Arran Ocravıan), O.B.

10 specimens of birds from the Nicobar Islands, and other parts of
the Indian Empire. Presented. [74. 1. 17, 1-10.]

At this time nearly all the species were new to the collection—
Kthopyga nicobarica, Halcyon saturatior, Carpophaga insularis, etc.

75,577 skins and eggs of birds from varioııs parts of the Indian Empire.

The collection consisted of about 82,000 specimens, of which 75,577
were placed in the Museum cabinets, as follows :—

2830 Birds of Prey (Accipitriformes). [85. 8.19, 1-2830.] (Vol. i.
of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

Types of eight species, Astur poliopsis, Accipiter melanoschistus,
Spizaetus sphynx, Spilornis davisoni, 8. minimus, Milvus melanotis,
Pernis tweeddalei, Baza sumatrensis, Falco atriceps, and Polioaetus
plumbeus.

1155 Owls (Strigiformes). [86. 2. 1, 1-1155.] (Vol. ii. of the
“ Catalogue of Birds.”)

Types of nine species, Scops brucei, 8. nicobaricus, 8. balli, Carine
pulchra, Heteroglau® blewitti, Ninox obscurus, Asio butleri, Syınium
maingayi, and Strix de-roepstorfli.

2819 Crows, Jays, Orioles, etc. [86. 3. 1, 1-2819.] (Vol. iii. of the
“ Catalogue of Birds.”)

5 types: Corvus lawrencei, Corone insolens, Dendrocitia assimilis,
Garrulus leucotis, Dissemuroides dieruriformis.

a 4493 Cuckoo-shrikes and Flycatchers. (Vol. iv. of the “ Catalogue of
irds.”)

21 types: Volvocivora intermedia, V. neglecta, V. innominata,
‚Pericrocotus subardens, P. neglectus, P. flammifer, Pratincola albisuper-
eiliaris, P. macrorhyncha, Leucocerca infumata, Terpsiphone nicobarica,
Philentoma intermedium, Cryptolopha jerdoni, Siphia rufigularis,
Oyornis olivacea, C. albo-olivacca, O. poliogenys, C. mandellü, Siphia
minuta, S. frenata, Anthipes submoniliger, Muscitrea cyanea.

4670 Thrushes and Warblers. (Vol. v. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

28 types: Sylvia althca, S. minula (or S. minuscula), Phylloscopus
burmanicus, P. seebohmi, P. tytleri,* P. humei, P. flavo-olivaceus, P.
neglectus, P. sindianus, P. mandellıi, P. subviridis, P. davisoni, Jerdonia
agricolensis, Acrocephalus macrorhynehus, Locustella subsignata, Tribura
major, T. mandelliü, T. intermedia, Herbivocula brooksi, Cettia
cettoides, Horornis erythrogenys, H. pallidus, H. brunnescens, Turdulus
davisoni, Geocichla trieolor, Turdus subpallidus, Saxicola albonigra, 8.
kingi.

* Canon Tristram (Cat. Coll., p. 150) mentions the type of P. tytleri of
Brooks as being in his collection. Brooks’ original speeimens are in the
Hume Collection, and the Museum has also ihe example mentioned by
Brooks as being obtained by Col. Tytler at Simla (cf. Brooks, Ibis, 1872,
p- 22).

Birds. 391

3100 Bulbuls and Wrens, Dippers, etc. [86. 9, 1-3100.] (Vol. vi. of
the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

16 types: Zgithina nigrolutea, Hypsipetes concolor, Hemixus hilde-
brandti, H. davisoni, Iole terricolor, Micropus fuscoflavescens, Oriniger
gutturalis, ©. burmanicus, C. theoides, Molpastes humei, Otocompsa per-
sonata, Pyenonotus davisoni, P. wantholemus, Ixidia weberi, Anorthura
neglecta,* Sphenocichla humei.

7304 specimens of Timeliine birds. [86. 10. 1, 1-7304.] (Vol. vii.
of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

30 types: Myiophoneus eugenei, Lioptila davisoni, Blanfordius
striatulus, Suya albigularis, Drymoipus terricolor, D. rufescens, D.
insignis, Orthotomus nilidus, Trochalopterum erythrolema, Argya echipes,
Pomutorhinus obscurus, P. austeni, P. tickelli, P. inglisi, Dryonastes
subeerulatus, Pyctorhis qriseigularis, Pellorneum minus, P. ignotum,
Trichastoma minor, Stachyridopsis rufifrons, 8. poliogaster, Minla rufigu-
laris, Scheniparus dubius, Ixulus humilis, I. rufigenis, Alcippe brucei,
4A. bourdilloni, Siva castaneicauda, S. sordida, Accentor jerdoni.

2119 specimens of Tits and Shrikes. [86. 11.1, 1-2119.] (Vol. vii.
of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

Itypes: Lophophanes humei, Zgithaliscus manipurensis, Pterythius
intermedius, Hylocharis occipitalis, Certhia mandellü, C. hodgsoni, (.
manipurensis, O. stoliczke, Sitta kashmeriensis.

1789 specimens of Sun-birds (Nectariniide) and White-eyes (Zoster-
opidz). [86. 12.1, 1-1789.] (Vol. ix. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

8 types: Chalcostetha insperata, thopyga nicobarica, ZE.cara, LE.
waldeni, Arachnothera intermedia, A. andamanica, Arachnothera simü-
lima, and Zosterops aureiventer.

3724 specimens of Swallows (Hirundinide), Wagtails, and Pipits
(Motacillide). [87. 2.1, 1-3724.] (Vol. x. of the “ Catalozue of Bırds.”)

8 types: Diczum wirescens, Prionochilus modestus, Hirundo sub-
striolata, H. pallida, HA. intermedia, H. anchetes, Anthus cockburnie,
A. griseorufescens. The type of Ootile obscurior was not in the collection,
and the specimen did not reach the British Museum.

2375 specimens of Finches (Fringillide). [87. 6. 1, 1-2375.] (Vol.
zii. of the “ Catalogne of Birds.”)

8Stypes: (Coceothraustes humei, Propasser ambiguus, P. saturatus,
Procarduelis mandellüi, Chrysomitris tibetana, Montifringilla blanfurdi,
M. mandellii, Pyrrhospiza humei.

3766 specimens of Starlings (Sturnida), Weaver-birds (Ploceid), and
Larks (Alaudide). [87. 7.1, 1-3766.] (Vol. xiii. of the “Catalogue of
Birds.”)

22 types: Sturnus nitens, $. ambiguus. 8. minor, $. menzbieri, 8.
nobilior, Sturnia incognita, Calornis irwini, O. tytleri, Ploceus mega-
rhyuchus, P. chryseus, Munia semistriata, M. non-striata, M. superstriata,
M. inglisi, Estrelda burmanica, Alauda yuttata, Calandrella tibetana,
Alaudula adamsi, Mirafra immaculata, M. microptera, Galerita magna,
and Spizaluuda simillima.

807 specimens of Ant-Thrushes (Pitti)z), Broadbills (Eurylzmide).
[87. 5. 1, 1-807.] (Vol. xiv. of the “Catalozue of Birds.”)

4 types: Pitta oatesi, P. davisoni, Eucichla gurneyi, and Psarisomus
assimilis.

* Brooks’ actual types of Troglodytes negleetus are in the Hume Collec-
tion, and are marked “type.” Canon Tristram’s specimen quoted as the
type (Cat., p. 167) can only be considered a co-type.

892 Zoology.

1110 specimens of Hoopoes (Upupe). [87. 8. 20, 1-135.] Swifts
(Oypseli), Nightjars (Caprimulgi), and Frog-mouths (Podargi). [37. 8.
1, 1-975.] (Vol. xvi. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

8 types: Ohztura indica, Collocalia innominata, C. inexpectata,
Caprimulgus unwini, (©. andamanicus, Lyncornis bourdilloni, Ba-
trachostomus castaneus, B. pumetatus.

2277 specimens of Picarian birds, Hornbills (Bucerotes), Bee-eaters
(Meropes), Kingfishers (Haleyones), Rollers (Coraciz), Trogons (Tro-
gones). [87. 8. 20, 1-1753; 87. 9. 1, 1-277; 88. 11. 10, 1-247.] (Vol.
xvii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

lltypes: Burystomus lstior, Pelargopsis intermedia, Alcedo simil-
lima, Carcineutes amabilis, Halcyon saturatior, H. vidali, H. armstrongi,
H. humei, H. davisoni, Rhytidoceros narcondami.

2339 specimens of Woodpeckers (Pici). [87. 8. 10, 1-2339.] (Vol.
xviii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

ö types: Gecinus nigrigenys, Dendrocopus pyrrhothorax, Mieroptır-
nus burmanicus.

2417 specimens of Honey-Guides (Indicatores), Barbets (Capitones),
and Cuckoos (Coceyges). [87. 12. 2, 1-1658; 88. 11. 30, 1-759.] (Vol.
xix. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

8 types: Hierococey& nanus, Ololygon tenuirostris, Centropus inter-
medius, ©. maximus, (. acheenensis, Indicator radeliffei, Cyanops
davisoni, O. incognita.

813 specimens of Parrots (Psittaciformes). |[89. 1. 26, 1-813.]
(Vol. xx. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

3 types, Palzornis indoburmanieus, P. finschi, P. tytleri.

1615 specimens of Pigeons (Columbiformes). [89. 2. 2, 1-1615.]

(Vol. xxi. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

5 types: Sphenocercus minor, Columba neglecta, C©. palumooides,
Turtur humilior. The type of Macropygia assimilis (Hume, “ Stray
Feathers,” ii., p. 441, 1574), from Moulmein, was not in the col-
lection.

2120 specimens of Sand-Grouse (Pterocletes), Game-birds and Mega-
podes (Galliformes). [89. 5. 10, 1-2120.] (Vol. xxii. of the “ Catalogue
of Birds.”)

8 types: Turnix albiventris, Mieroperdix manipurensis, M. blewitti,
Arboricola mandellü, Caccabis pallidus, CO. pallescens, Franeolinus
melanonotus, Phasianus humiz.

The type of Caccabis arınaria, from Aden, was not in the col-
lection.

852 specimens of Rails (Zalliformes), Cranes (Gruiformes), Bustards
(Otides). [89. 11. 1, 1-588; 90. 2. 10, 1-45; 90. 2. 20, 1-249.]
(Vol. xxiii. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

6 types: Hypotznidia obscurior, H. abnormis, Rallina telmatophila,
Porzana elwesi, Grus lilfordi, @. sharpei.

2415 specimens of Wading Birds (Charadriiformes). [91. 10. 1,
1-2415.] (Vol. xxiv. of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”)

4 types: Phalaropus asiaticus, Lobipes tropieus, Bgialitis tenuirostris,
Totanus haughtoni.

852 specimens of Gulls and Teıns (Lariformes) and Petrels ( Procel-
lariiformes). [90. 5. 20, 1-882.] (Vol. xxv. of the “Catalogue of
Bird».”)

6 types: Sternula korustes, Sterna saundersi, 8. gouldi, Larus
innominatus, Stercorarius asiatieus, Pufinus persieus.

1089 specimens of Ibises (Ibididz), Herous (Ardeid&), Pelicaus and

Birds. 393

Cormorants (Steganopodes), etc., Grebes (Podieipediformes). |93. 10.1,
1-15; 95. 10. 2, 1-689; 94. 6. 20, 1-220; 95. 2. 10, 1-165.] (Vol. xxvi.
of the “ Catalocue of Birds.”)

7 types: Graptocephalus davisoni, Butorid-s spodiogaster, Ardetta
pulchra, I’haethon indicus, Pelecanus longirostris, P’odicipes albipennis,
P. albescens.

761 specimens of Geese and Ducks (Anseriformes). [94. 6. 1, 1-761.]
Vol. xxvii. of the “ Oatalegue of Birds.”

2 types: Oygnus unwini, Nettion albiyulare.

15,965 specimens of eggs. [91. 3. 20, 1-9999; 92. 9. 1, 1-5966.]

This splendid collection has been described by Mr. Hume himself in
his “ Nests and Egus of Indian Birds,” 8vo, 1873, and again in Mr. Oates’
edilion of the above work (3 vols., 8vo, 1889-90), also in the “ Catalogue
of Birds’ Eggs iu the British Museum ” (vols. i.-v., 1901-1906).

In the formation of this collection Mr. Hume received the assistance
of a devoted body of Indian oologists, and the notes that they gave him
are published in Mr. Hume’s books quoted above. Among the best-known
of the conıributors were General G. F. L. Marshall and his brother,
Colonel ©. H. T. Marshall, Colonel C. T. Bingham, Messrs. J. Gammie,
L. Mandelli, E. W. Oates, W. Davison, W. Blewitt, R. Thompson, Rhodes
Morgan, and Miss Cockburn.

Mr. Allan Hume is the youngest son of the celebrated Joseph Hume,
M.P., and has spent the best part of his life in India, where he was
Commissioner of Öustoms and Secretary to the Government of India,
and has held manv other appointments. During the mutiny he saved
the women and children from Etawah, where he was in command at the
time, as well as all the archives and treasure in the city, all of which he
brought in safety to Agra. Besieged by the mutineers ın the latter city,
he took a brave part in the defence, and received his C.B. for gallantry in
the field.

He will, however, be principally remembered for the wonderful
eoliection of Indian birs and eggs, which he made between the years
1862-1835. Not only did he colleet vigorously himself, but he employed
naturalists in all parts of the Indian Empire, and himself conducted
expeditions to Sind and the Mekran Cvast, the Andaman and Nicobar
Islands, the Laccadives, and the hill regions of Manipur, etc.

His assistant, William Ruxton Davison, was provided with a staff of
taxidermists, elephants, etc., and travelled for Mr. Hume in various
distriets of British India, durinz the space of 13 years. Davison was a
skilled taxidermist and collector, and his explorations in Tenasserim and
the Malay Peninsula resulted in the discovery of many new and inter-
esting species. Mr. Hume also supplemented his own endeavours by the
purchase of several other well-known collections, such as the late Mr.
Mandelli’s series of Sikhim and Tibetan birds, the late Mr. W. E. Brooks’
collections from the plains of India, and many others. For fifteen years
he brought out a journal, “ Stray Feathers” (1873-1888), in which he
published the results of his own efforts and those of his colleagues.

The Hume Collection was one of the most splendid donations ever
made to the Nation, and added to the Museum, which had previously but
a poor series of Indian birds, the largest and most complete collection
of birds and egus from the British Indian Empire the world has ever seen.

The Hume Collection contained 258 types.

Hungarian National Museum, Budapest.

nn birds from Hungary. Presented. [92. 6. 10, 1-104; 92.7.9,

1-573.

394 Zoology.

This fine series of Hungarian birds was presented by the National
Museum after the Ornithological Congress at Budapest, and contained
several species of great iuterest.

Hunstein (Cart).
See GERRARD, E.

The expedition of this young naturalist into the Horseshoe range of
the Astrolabe Mountains resulted in the discovery of two magnificent
new species of Birds of Paradise (Paradisornis rudolfi and Astrarchia
stephaniz), as well as a species of Diphyllodes which was called
D. hunsteini (ef. Finsch and Meyer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn., 1I., pp. 369-391,
pls. xv.-xxii.), besides other new species. Hunsteın was afterwards
drowned by a tidal wave in New Bıitain.

Hunter (H.C. V.).

186 birds from the Teita district and Kilimanjaro in East Africa.
Presented. [89. 3. 21, 1-186.]

10 species were new to the collection, 7 of which were described by
Capt. Shelley (P.Z.S., 1889, pp. 356-372, pls. xl., xli.). 'I'he new species
were Cinnyris hunteri, Batis mixta, Xenocichla nigriceps, X. placida,
Aleippe kilimensis| = Lioptilus abyssinieus], Cisticola hunteri, Zosterops
perspicillata. Mr. Hunter was in pursuit of big-game, but he found time
to make an interesting collection of birds for the Museum.

15 birds from S.W. Siam. Presented. [89. 5. 23, 1-18.]

Hutton (Capt.).

23 birds and eggs from Kandahar. Presented. [56. 3. 26, 1-23.]

It appears on further examination that this donation included the
types of species discovered by Capt. Hutton in Afghanistan, viz.,
Emberiza huttoni, Blyth, J.A.S. Beng., xviii., p. 811, 1849, Oarpodocus
erassirostris, Blyth, J.A.S. Beng., xvi., p. 476, 1847 ( = Erythrospiza
githaginea), Argya huttoni, Blyth, t.c., p. 476, Emberiza aurifrons, Blyth,
t.c., p. 476 (= Serinus pusillus).

The types of the species of Palzornis described by Capt. Hutton in
“Stray Feathers” (Vol. i., p. 335) as P. sivalensis, P. sacer, P. punjabi
and /. vindhiana, do not appear to have come to the Museum.

Ihering (Dr. von), Director of the San Paulo Museum, San
Paulo, Brazil.

3 birds from San Paulo. Presented. [1901. 8. 10, 1-3.]
The type of @isella iheringi, Sharpe, Bull. B.O.C., viii., p. xl., 1899.

Imperial Commission of Agriculture, West Indies.

An example of the Sanderling (Calidris arenaria). Presented. [1904.
7.1]

Imperial Institute,
15 birds from Australia. Presented. [90. 12. 21, 1-15.]

Im Thurn (Lieut. J. K.), R.N.

9 birds from Turkey and Greece. Presented. [1904. 6. 17, 1-4;
1904. 7. 19, 1-5.]

Birds. 395

Ince (Mrs.).

42 birds, principally from China. Presented. [82. 12. 10, 1-42.]

Capt. Ince saw some service in China, and was, so I have been
informed, a friend of John Reeves, who gave so many specimens to the
Museum. Gould also knew him, and named a Paradise Flycatcher after
him—Muscipeta incei, from Shanghai. The type of this species was
given by Gould to the India Museum (ef. Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co.,
1.,p.892). In the “Catalogue” a reference is made to the orieinal descrip-
tion as “Gould, P.Z.8., 1852, p. ,” butthe bird was never described
in the “Proceedings.” Capt. Ince seems to have been a friend of
MacGillivray’s, as among the birds presented by his widow was the type
of Nectarinia australis, Gould, which we may presume was given to
Capt. Ince by MacGillivray or by Gould.

India, Secretary of State for.
See InpIA Museum.

India Museum, Caleutta.
See also ANDERSON, JOHN; BLANFORD, W.T.

200 birds from Yun-nan and Upper Burma, collected by Dr. John
Anderson. Presented. [76. 4. 7, 1-200.]

418 specimens from Yarkand. Exchauged. [91. 7. 22, 1-418.]

This was a set of the duplicates of the collection obtained by the
second Yarkand Mission under Sir Douglas Forsyth. The collection was
fully catalogued by me in the report published by the India Office. To
this publication Mr. Hume presented several beautiful plates which he
had had drawn for his projected “ Birds of India.”

A specimen of Nyroca baeri from Bengal. [98. 4.18, 1.]

45 birds in spirits. Presented. [99. 4. 16, 1-17; 1900. 7.5, 1-28.]

India Museum, London.

23 birds from India. Presented by the Hon. E. I. Co. [42.11. 8,
7-29.

Mlsdy common species, but amongst the specimens was the type of
Ibidorhynchus struthersi.

54 specimens from Shoa, -collected by Sir W. Cornwallis Harris.
Presented by the Hon. E. 1. Co. [45. 6. 6, 1-54.]

A set of the birds obtained during the expedition to Shoa promoted
by the Hon. E. India Co.

14 specimens from the Himalayas (mostly Hodgsonian specimens).
Presented by the Hon. E. I. Co. [56. 5. 21, 7-20.]

6015 specimens from various parts of the Indian Empire. Presented
by the Secretary of State for India. L[60. 4. 16, 1-584; 79.11. 28,
1-700; 80.1.1, 1-4731.]

The transference of part of the India Museum collection to the British
Museum began in 1860, but the final incorporation of the old Company’s
collection took place in 1880 (vide infra).

172 birds from Shoa, collected by Sir W. Cornwallis Harris. [61. 2. 5,
1-34; 61. 5. 8, 1-138.] Presented by the Secretary of State for India.

In this collection was the type of Dienemellia dienemelli (Rüpp. ex
Horsf.).

R above records chronicle the dispersal of the celebrated Museum of
the old East India Company, and its incorporation in the National
Collection. The history of the bird-colleetion is epitomised in the
“ Introductory Remarks ” to the “ Catalogue of Birds in the Museum of

396 Zovlogy.

the Hon. East India Company,” by Dr. Horsfield and Mr. F. Moore
(2 vols., 8vo, 1853-1858), the work being actually done by the latter.
Many famous naturalists helped to make this Museum celebrated, and
the collections of Sir Stamford Raflles, Dr. Horsfield, Dr. MeClellaud,
Sir R. Strachey, Dr. Cantor, Colonel Sykes, and other well-known men
were preserved in the India Museum, which was at first kept at the
House of the East India Company in Leadenhall Street. After the
Mutiny the collections were removed to Fıfe House in Whitehall, and
there I can remember seeing them when I began my work on the King-
fishers. Ican well recollect my kind reception by Mr. Frederie Moore, aud
with what reverence I handled the Kingtishers of that ancient collection.
The Horsfieldian types have unfortunately nearly all perished, having
been imperfeetly preserved, and during the removal of the colleetions from
Leadenhall Street to Fife House, although they were carefully packed,
moths destroyed nearly the whole of thein; they are now in the British
Museum, but are nearly all devoid of feathers. The destruction of these
valuable specimens has always been a source of great erief to Mr. Moore.

The preservation of birds in the olıier days was not much considered,
and the specimens obtained by Colonel Sykes and Dr. McOlelland were all
preserved in a rough and ready manner, so that they have not withstood
the ravages of time. Sir Stamford Raflles does not appear to have made
many skins, but to have chiefly presented coloured drawings of the species
he described.

Among the Javanese birds of Horsfield’s collecting were the types of
the following »pecies :—Hypotriorchis severus, Spizaetus limnaetus, Astur
soloensis, Polioaetus ichthyaetus, Glauceidium castanopterum, Scops lempiji,
S. rufescens, Bubo orientalis, Ketupa ketupa, Phodilus badius, Syrnium
seloputo, Collocalia linchi, Macropteryx klecho, Caprimulgus macrurus,
C. affinis, Eurylemus javanicus, Carcineutes pulchellus, Halcyon melan-
opterus (= H.cyaniventris), Alcedo meninting, A. biru (= 4. beryllina),
Hemipus obscurus, Buchanya eineracea, Lanius bentet. Graucalus javensis,
Brachypteryx montana, Oreoeichla varia, Merula javanica, Myiophoneus
Hawvirostris, Arrenga cyanea, Turdinus sepiarius, Timelia pileata, Pomato-
rhinus montanus, Pyenonotus bimaculatus, Pyenonotus simplex, H. & M.
(= P. plumosus), Pyenonotus analis (Horsf.), Rubigula dispar, Oriniger
gularis, Tole maclellandi, Chloropsis viridis, ©. javensis, Zosterops flava,
Z. javanica, ZEgithina scapularis, Oriolus zanthonotus, Copsychus
amenus, Siphia banyumas, Stoparola indigo, Orthotomus sepium, Prinia
Familiaris, Cettia montana, Mirafra javanica, Corone enca, Phrenotris
temia (= ÜUrypsorhina varians), Chotorhea javensis, Kantholema australis,
Miglyptes tristis, Thriponax javensis, Ohrysocolaptes strictus, Chrysonotus
tiga, Gecinus puniceus, Zanclostomus javanicus, Surniculus lugubris,
Chaleococcey® szanthorhynchus, ©. basalis, Phenicophaus melanoqnathus
(= Rhinococeyx curvirostris), Arboricola orientalis, Heteropygia acuminata,
Scolopaw saturata, Ardeola speciosa, Dendrocygna arcuata, and D.
javanica.

The above list has been taken from Horsfield and Moore’s Catalogue
and my “ Hznd-list of Birds,” but there may still be a few of Horsfield’s
types which have escaped my notice. A certain number came into the
Museum, but many were eaten up by moth.

Of Raffles’ types many were represented by actual specimens as well
as by drawings, and these came with the rest of the cullecıiion from the
East India Company’s Museum. It is interesting to see from the intro-
ductory remarks to Horsfield and Moore’s Catalogne that the ealry
collectiong made by Horsfield were presented by Raffles, as Lieutenant-

Birds. 397

Governor of Java, in 1813 and 1817. It was not until 1819 that
Dr. Horstield presented specimens on his own account.

The following Rafflesian types were added to the Museum byIthe
dispersion of the India Museum :—Spizaetus caligatus, Ninox scutulata,
Lanius divaricatus (? = L. tigrinus), Tephrodornis gularis, Mixornis
gularis, Ethopyga siparaja, Chrysococye malayanus, Zanclostomus
sumatranus, Rhinortha chloropha@a, Micropternus badius, Gecinus afinis,
Chotorhea versicolor, Tanygnathus sumatranus, Ducula badia, Rallina
fasciata, Eurylamus ochromelas, Corydon sumatranus, Calyptomena
viridis.

There were also the types of Colonel Sykes’s collection from the Deccan,
described by him in the “ Proceedings of the Zoological Society for 1832 ”
(pp-77-99) :—— Columba elphinstonei, Sykes, Accipiter dukhunensis(= Astur
badius), Astur hyder (= Butastur teesa), Circus pallidus (= Ü. macrurus),
Circus variegatus (= ©. eruginosus), Milvus govinda, Museicapa poonensis
(= Alseonax latirostris), M. ceruleocephala (= Hypothymis azurea),
Hemipus picatus, Petrocincla maal (= Monticola eyana), Argya malcolmi,
Crateropus somervillei, Pomatorhinus horsfieldi, Hypolais rama, Burnesia
socialis, Prinia inornata, Orthotomus benetti and OÖ. lingoo (= Sutoria
sutoria), Budytes beema, B. melanocephala, Motaeilla melanocephalus
(= M. feldeggi), Megalurus ruficeps (= Pellorneum ruficeps), Anthus
agilis (= A. trivialis), Saxicola bicolor and 8. erythropygia (= Pratincola
caprata), 8. rubeculoides (= Muscicapa albieilla), Calandrella dukhu-
nensis, Spizalauda dera, Emberiza suberistata (= Melophus melanicterus),
Lonchura cheet (= Aidemosyre malabarica), Pastor mahrattensis, Corvus
culminatus, Psıttacus melanorhynchus (= Palzornis peristerodes), Cin-
nyris vigorsi, O. minima, C. concolor (= Ä. vigorsi, 2).

In addition 50 these very important types there are also those of several
species described bv Mr. Frederie Moore :—Drachypteryx nipalensis,
Pnoepyga longicaudata, Aleippe cantori (= Malacopterum affine, Blyth),
Turdinus magnirostris, Mierotarsus olivaceus (= Pyenonotus simplex),
M. cantori (= Pinaroecichla euptilosa), Hypsipetes nicobariensis, Iculus
castaneiceps (= Staphidia castaneiceps), Irena malayensis (= I. eyanea),
Nemura hodgsoni (= Nitidula hodgsoni), Ruticilla nipalensis (= R.
rufiventris), k. hodgsoni, R. vigorsi (= R. erythrogaster), R. rufogularis
(K. erythronota), Orthotomus flavoviridis (= O. atrigularis), Horeites
major, Duya atrogularis, Prinia nipalensis (= P. inornata), Abrornis
albigularis, A. hodgsoni, A. afinis, Accentor huttoni (= A. atrigularis),
A. rubeculoides, ZEgithaliscus leucogenys, Vtocorys longirostris, Emberiza
stracheyi, E. castaneiceps, Uroloncha leucogastroides, (Corvus sinensis
(= (. levaillanti), ©. tenwirostris, Megalema macclellandi (= Thereicerys
lineata), Ohrysococeyx hodgsoni (= C. maculatus), Upupa nigripennis,
Arachnothera temmincki (= 4. erassirostris).

Of McdQlelland’s species described in the “ Proceedings of the Zoological
Society ” for 1839 (pp. 146-167), the types of ıhe following were acuired
from the India Museum :— Spizaetus (= Astur) rufitinctus, Tinnunculus
interstinctus, Hirundo brevirostris (= (ollocalia brevirostris), H. brevi-
caudata (= Ulivieola sinensis), Phenicornis elegans (= FPericrocotus
speciosus) (cf. Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Bıris, I., p. 474), P. afinis (= P.
brevirostris), Muscicapa (= Hemipus) capitalis, Iolemacclellandi, Hypsipetes
gracilis (= Lioptila yracilis), Graucalus maculosus (= Campophaga
lugubris), Ianthocincla gularis, I. lunaris (= Dryonastes ruficollis), Ixus
monticola (= Otocompsa j0cosa), Sawicola olivea (= Oligura cyaniventer),
Liothrix lepida (= Siva cyanuroptera), L. signata (= Niltava mac-
gregorie), L. ornata (= Minla ignotineta, but the type was apparently

398 Zoology.

never sent to the India Museum), Mirafra assamica, M. flavicollis
(= Emberiza aureola), Lonchura melanocephala (= Munia atricapilla),
Dendroeitta frontalis, Coracias afinis, Gecinulus grantia, Oinnyris assa-
mensis (= Ethopyga saturata), O. labecula (= E. seherie), Chloropsis
chrysogaster (= (0. hardwicki).

Ingall (G.).

88 specimens of sterna, etc., of British birds. Presented. [44. 12.28,
1-88.]
Ingham (Sir James).

13 specimens from the Louisiade Archipelagro and Cloudy Bay,
S.E. New Guinea. Presented. [78. 10. 19, 1-13.]

These were obtained by his son, who was an official in British New
Guinea when the colony was first founded. This collection contained an
example of Goura albertisi, received by the Museum for the first time.

Inglis (J.).
See WATKINS and DONCASTER.

Mr. Inglis collected in Cachar, and a series of his skins is in the
Hume Collection. He has also written several papers on birds (cf. Stray
F., v., pp. 1-47 ; ix., pp. 241-259; Journ. Bomb. N. H. Soec., xiii., pp. 621-
631; xiv., pp. 132-139, 362-371, 554-563, 764-771; xv., pp. 70-77,
337-343.

Ingram (CoLLınGwoon).

26 birds from Argentina. Presented. [1901.9.25,1-18; 1901.11.9,
1-8.]

A variety of the Mistle Thrush (Turdus viscivorus). Presented.
[1905. 7. 1,1.]

A specimen of Turtur ferrago. Presented. [1904. 7. 3, 1.]

Mr. Collingwood Ingram is the son of Sir William Ingram, Bart., and
has collected specimens for the Museum in the countries in which he
travels.

Ingram (Sir Wıruıam), Bart.

135 birds from San Paulo, Brazil. Presented. [1901. 3. 28, 1-103;
1902. 2. 22, 1-32.]

This collection was made by M. Robert at Sao Paulo, S.E. Brazil,
and presented by Sir William Ingram, who was one of the subscribers to
the expedition.

4 specimens of Orypturus tataupa, Plegadis faleinellus and Phlogeenas
crinigera. Presented. [1904.12.3, 1-2; 1904. 12 20,1; 1904. 12. 29, 1.]

2 young specimens of the Abyssinian Francolin (Piernistes leucoscepus).
Presented. [1905. 6. 22, 1-2.]

A Cape Penguin. [1905. 7. 23, 1.]

A young Scarlet Ibis (Eudocimus ruber). Presented. [1905.8.3,1.]

A specimen of Rhynchotus rufescens. Presented. [1905. 9. 1,1.]

A Francolin and a Burmese Myna (Ampeliceps coronatus). Presented.
[1905. 9. 13,1; 1905. 11. 12, 1.]

Irby (Col. Leonarn HowaARrD).

98 birds from Gibraltar and Southern Spain. Presented. [72. 10.3,
22-64; 72.10.4,5; 80.12. 14, 1-44; 87.6. 3,1-5; 87. 6. 29, 1-5.]

9 birds from Suffolk. Presented. [88. 3. 10, 1-9.]

9 birds from the island ot Tiree. Presented. [88. 12. 15, 1-9.]

Birds. 399

A specimen of the Hobby (Falco subbuteo) from Cuckfield, Sussex.
Presented. [1904. 10. 14, 1.]

Colonel Irby is the well-known historian of the Omithology of the
Straits of Gibraltar (cf. London, 1875, 8vo, pp. 1-236; 2nd edition,
London, 1895, 8vo, pp. 1-326). Among the rare species presented by
him to the Museum from Southern Spain was Savi’s Warbler (Locustella
luscinioides), of which he gave a series of the birds with nests and

eggs.

Jackson (Captain FREDERICK G.).

33 birds from Cape Flora and other places in Franz Josef Land. Pre-
sented. [98. 1. 2, 1-33.]

Nest and eggs, with parent-birds, of the Ivory Gull (Pagophila
eburnea). Presented.

Mr. Jackson was the leader of the Jackson-Harmsworth expedition to
the Arctic (ef. his work, “ A Thousand Days in the Arctic,” London and
New York, 1899 (?), 8vo, I., pp. xxi, 551; II., pp. xv, 580). He was
keenly interested in natural history, and did what he could to collect
during his two winters passed in Franz Josef Land. He discovered a
nesting colony of the Ivory Gull (Pagophila eburnea), and presented to
the Museum an interesting case of these birds, with the nest and eggs
. in situ—one of the most interesting of the bird-groups. He also recorded,
for the first time, the occurrence of the Lapland Bunting (Calcarius
lapponicus) in Franz Josef Land.

Jackson (FREDERICK J.), 0.B., C.M.@.

162 birds from Teita and Mt. Kilimanjaro, Manda Island and Lamu.
Presented. [87. 11. 3, 1-33, 54-176; 87. 11. 29, 1-7; 88. 2.1,
1-44. |

This collection contained no less ihan 18 species new to the Museum,
including thetype of Ploceus jacksoni and many other valuable specimens.
lt was described by Capt. Shelley in the “bis” for 1888 (pp. 287-306,
pls. vi. and vii.).

Two eggs of Struthio massaicus. Presented. [91.1. 30, 1, 2.)

47 birds from Mount Elgon and the neighbouring districts. Pre-
sented. [93. 12. 1, 1-47.]

Of these 47 specimens, no less than 44 were types of new species.
The collection was described by me in the “Ibis” for 1891, pp. 117-127,
233-260, pls. iv.-vi., 587-602, pls. xii. and xiii., 1892, pp. 152-164, pl. iv.,
299-322, pl. vii., 534-555, pl. xiv.

10 types of new species from Uganda. Presented. [97. 4. 1,1;
97. 10. 31, 1-9.]

18 types of new species from the Nandi district. Presented. [99. 8.
13, 1-8; 1900. 6. 22, 1-6; 1901. 10. 9, 12; 1901. 11. 12, 1-2.]

26 types of new species from the Ruwenzori Range. Presented.
930221228, 1-17; 1903..9: 16, 1; 1904: 4. 25, 1; 190& 6. 28,1, 2;
1905. 1. 10, 1-4; 1906. 1.5, 1.]

Described by me in the “ Bulletin cf the British Ornithologists’ Club,”
vol. vi., p. xlviii.; viı., pp. vi., vii.; x., pp. xxvii., xxviii.; xi., pp. 28, 29,
57; xiii., pp. 7-10, 20, 21, 50; xiv.,pp. 19, 94; and by Mr. Jackson in
vols. viii. (pp. xxii., 1.), xiv., pp. 74, 94. A few spec’es have also been
described by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant, and others by Mr. Oscar Neumann.

8 birds from British East Africa and Uganda. Presented. [1904.
10. 10, 1-8.]

Some idea of the value of Mr. Jackson’s donations to the National

400 Zoology.

Uollection may be gathered from the following list of types (96 in
number) presented by him :——Francolinus jacksoni, F. uluensis, F. strep-
phorus, F. elgonensis, F. kikuyuensis, Numida reichenowi, Haplopelia
Jacksoni, Turturena sharpei, Lophoceros jacksoni, Irrisor jacksoni, Melitto-
phagus oreobates, Ouculus jacksoni, Barbatula leucomystax, B. jacksoni,
Gymmobucco cinereiceps, Trachyphonus elgonensis, Dendromus pallidus,
Dendropicus nandensis, Mezopieus ruwenzori, Hirundo arctieincta, Pari-
soma jacksoni, Platystira jacksoni, Oryptolopha leta, ©. mackenziana,
Trochocercus albonotatus, Graucalus purus, Bleda pallidigula, B. kaka-
meg&, BD. kikuyuensis, b. leucolema, Andropadus letissimus, Orateropus
buxtoni, Turdinus atriceps, T. jacksoni, Dathmedonia jacksoni, Merula
elgonensis, M.barake, Callene equatorialis, Cossypha griseisticta, C.warcheri,
Erythropygia ukambensis, Alethe poliophrys, Myrmecocichla eryptoleuca,
Cisticola ambigua, ©. chubbi, Oalamoeichla jacksoni, Oryptillas rufescen:,
Apalis pulchra, A. jacksoni, A. personata, Euprinodes cinereus, Dryodro-
mas rufidorsalis, Sylviella jarksoni, 8. minima, 8. leucophrys, 8. barak,
Camaroptera griseigula, Burnesia ugande (= B. reichenowi, Hartl.), Fiscus
mackinnoni, Dryoscopus albofasciatus, D. pringlei, D. nandensis, D. jack-
soni, Laniarius castaneiceps (= D. lühderi, Reichenow), Parus nigri-
einereus, P. barakz, Zosterops kikuyuensis, Nectarinia barake (= N.
purpureiventris, Reichenow), N. zneigularis, N. jacksoni (= N tacazze,
Rüpp.), Oyanomitra alinez, Cinnyris bradshawi (= (©. deminuta, Cab.),
©. reichenowi, Anthus latistriatus, Maeronyx wintoni, M.sharpei, Serinus
albifrons, Poliospiza striatipeetus, Drepanoplectes jacksoni, Penthetriopsis
humeralis, Urobrachya nigronotata, Pyromelana szanthochlamys (= P.
ansorgei, Hartert), Oryplospiza jacksoni, O. ocularis, ©. shelleyi, Heter-
hyphantes stephanophorus, Hyphantornis jacksoni, Sycobrotus insignis,

S.nandensis, Nigrita schistacea, Sitagra aliena, Lamprotornis brevicauda,

Galeopsar salvadorii, Po&optera greyi, Amydrus elgonensis, Pholidauges
sharpei.

Jamaica Institute.
20 birds from Jamaica. Purchased. [1905. 1. 31, 1-20.]

James (Harry BERKELEY).

1382 birds and 678 eggs from Chili. Presented. [91. 9. 9, 1-263;
92. 2.10, 1-1042; 93.7.1, 1-63; 96. 12. 31, 3-16; 98. 1. 4, 1-678.]

Mr. Berkeley Ja'nes made considerable collections of birds himself and
purchased specimens from Leybold and other Chilian naturalists. He also
acquired the collections made by Messrs. Rahmerand A. A. Lane in 'Tara-
pacä (cf. Sel., P.Z.S., 1886, pp. 395-404, pl. xxxvi.). Mr. James wrote the
“New List of Chilian Birds,” which is the latest catalogue of the birds
of that portion of South America. His donation of such a complete series
of birds and eggs was a very valuable one. It included the type of
Phonicopterus jumesi and a Sand Plover (Kgialitis occidentalis), new to
the collection.

James (Sir H. Evan).

62 birds from South Manchuria. Presented. [86. 12. 21, 1-45;
87. 6. 2, 1-37.]

Two interesting collections of birds were presented by Sir Evan
James, being the only ones which the Museum has ever obtained from
this part of Northern Asia. Sir Evan James, when stationed in Sind,
made some collections ot birds which he sent to Mr. Hume (Str. F.,i..
pp. 419-421; iii., p. 418; v., pp. 61, 62; ix.,p. 235).

Birds. 401

James (Dr.).
‚See Hıccıns, T.
12 birds from British New Guinea. [77. 4. 6, 1-12.]

Jameson (Mrs.).

17 specimens from Yambuya, on the Aruwhimi River, Upper Congo.
[90. 3. 3, 1-17.]

These birds were presented to the Museum by Mrs. ‚Jameson after her
husband’s death ; 6 species were new to the Museum, and the types of
3 new species, described by Capt. Shelley in the “Ibis” for 1890
(pp. 156-170, pl. v.), and by myself in the Appendix to the “ Story of
the Rear-column ” (1890, pp. 392-422) (Cossypha burtteloti, Pholidornis
Jamesoni and Diaphorophyia jamesoni), were added.

205 specimens from Mashona Land. Presented. [1900. 2. 4, 1-205.]

This was the collection made by the late J. S. Jameson during his well-
known expedition to Mashona Land in the days wlıen it was practical y
unexplored. He was accom; anied by the veteran naturalist, Mr. Thomas
Ayres, who wrote some interesting notes on tlıe habits of the birds
collected by the expedition (c/. Shelley, Ibis, 1882, pp. 236-263, 349-368,
pl. vii.). A few specimens were given by Jameson to Capt. Snelley, and
nave passed into the Museum along with the Shelley collection of African
birds, and the remainder were presented by Mrs. Jameson.

102 specimens from the Aruwhimi River. Presented. [1900. 2. 10,
1-102.]

This was the collection made during tbe Emin Pasha relief expedition,
and was viven by Mrs. Jameson after her husband’s death.

A second collection, left by Jameson at the time of his death at
Yambuya, never reached his wife, but was ultimately disposed of by a
survivor of the expedition to the Hon. Walter Rothschild as having been
collected by hiinself; some of the specimens, however, bore labels in the
handwriting of uıy late friend.

59 specimens {rom the Lawas liiver, N.W.Borneo. Presented. [1901.
1. 31, 1-59.]

In 1877 Jameson visittd N.W. Borneo, and made an expedition up
the Lawas River, which was tuen very little known. He discovered
Machzrhamphus aleinus in Borneo, but most of his early collections were
mounted in glass cases, and unly a small portion of the Lawas series
passed into the Museum.

Jameson was an enthusiastic collector, and made a great mistake in
paying money to be allowed to join the Stanley expedition for the relief
of Emin Pasha. He could easily have made an expedition on his own
account, and would then have had a real opportunity for collecting; as it
was he was able to do very little natural history work on the Congo, and
ultimately lost his life. His aim was to have done something important
in the way of scientific exploration, and his “ Apologia ” is to be seen in
his posthumous volume on the adventures uf the Rear-column (q.v., }p.
392-422).

Janson (EpwArp Westey).

9 birds from Chili. Purchased. [72. 5. 27, 16-24].

17 birds from Japan. Purchased. [76. 7. 25, 1-17.]

9 birds from the Fiji Islands, collected by Dr. Smith. Purchased.
[78. 8. 3, 1-9.]

38 birds from Japan and the Liu-Kiu Islands, collected by the late
Harry Pryer. Purchased. [80. 11.1, 1-26; 87. 10. 2, 1-12.]

VOL. II. 2D

402 Zoology.

Two species of Woodpeckers (Gecinus awokera and Iyngipicus kisuki)
were new to the collection.

6 birds from Queensland, collected by Mr. Horace Flower. Purchased.
[81. 3. 5, 1-6.]

40 birds from Japan, collected by Professor Milne. Purchased. [83.
3.29, 1-40.]

27 specimens from the Tenimber Islands, Buru, and Amboina, collecied
by Dr. H. O. Forbes. Purchased. [84. 5. 14, 1-27.]

These were a few additional specimens from the Timor-laut expedition,
with the type of Myzomela wakoloensis, and examples of Aprosmictus
buruensis and Rhipidura lenzi, new to the c. llectiou.

11 specimens of British birds from the sale of the Vingoe collection.
Purchased. [89. 5. 27, 1-11.]

Among these was the specimen of the Iceland Gull (Larus islandicus),
shot in Mounv’s Bay in April 1873.

Janson (OLIVER E.).

41 birds from Luzon, Philippine Islands, collected by Mr. John White-
head. Purchased. [96. 1. 17, 1-15; 96. 1. 18, 1-26.]

24 species new to the collection.

76 birds from Samar, Negros, Mindoro, Leyte, and North Luzon, also
collected by Mr. John Whitehead. [98. 1. 11, 1-76.]

The Museum purchased the second set of Mr. Whitehead’s collection
from his Philippine expedition.

104 birds in spirits and 34 eges from C'osta Rica, collected by Mr. C.
F. Underwood. Purchised. [99. 11. 30, 1-34; 1900. 6. 21, 1-104.]

Mr. Underwood is a well-known collector in Costa Rica, and has
described some of his experiences in a paper published in the “Ibis” tor
1896, pp. 431-451.

5 birds from Flying Fish Cove, Christmas Island. Purchased. [1900.
3. 23, 1-5.]

104 birds in spirits from Costa Rica, collected by Mr. C. F. Underwood.
[1900. 6. 21, 1-104.]

122 eggs from Costa Rica, collected by Mr. C. F. Underwood. [1904.
7. 10.9.1227

47 nests and eggs from Costa Rica, collected by Mr. C. F. Underwood.
Purchased. [1905. 9. 6, 1-47.]

Mr. E. W. Janson was a very well-known entomologist, and com-
menced business with his son Oliver in Bloomsbury in 1867 as a natural
history agent, bookseller and publisher. He was of Dutch extraction,
was born March 14, 1822, and educated at the college of La Fleche in
France, and afterwards in Edinburgh.

The agency is continued by Mr. Oliver Janson since his father’s
death on Sept. 14, 1891. The son is also a good entomologist. The
library formed by Mr. E. W. Janson passed into the possession of Mr.
Van de Poll of Amsterdam, and his collection of Elateridz was purchased
by the British Museum.

Jardine (Sir WırLıam), Bart.

5 birds from Tobago. Presented. [45. 4. 17, 1-5.]

These were a few birds from the Tobago collection sent by Mr. Kirk
to Sir W. Jardine, and described in the “ Contributions to Ornithology ”
for 1852 (pp. 63-68).

For the dispersal of the Jardine collection, see antea, p.

See also “ Diet. Nat. Biogr.,” xxix., pp. 251-252.

Birds. 403

Jayakar (Surgeon-General A. S.).

174 birds from Muscat. Presented. [88. 10.13, 1-13; 91.2.1,1-56;
98. 5. 16, 1-75; 99. 2. 6, 1-30.]

The first colleetion made by Dr. Jayakar was presented by Colonel
Miles, the Governor of Muscat, to the Museum, which has received several
subsequent consignments of valuable birds from Dr. Jayakar himself. I
described the original collection in the “ Ibis” for 1886 (pp. 162-168,
pl. vi.), where a new Eagle-Owl (Bubo milesi) was firured. A new Bee-
eater (Merops muscatensis, Sharpe) was figured by Mr. H. E. Dresser in
his “ Monograph of the Bee-eaters” (pl. 10).

Jerdon (T. C.).

147 biris from various parts of India. Presented. [45. 1. 10, 1-57;
46. 4. 30, 1-51; 46. 11. 9, 16-49; 47. 3. 18, 11-15.]

Most of Dr. Jerdon’s specimens were registered and published as from
“Madras.” 'I’'his may be true as regards the Presidency from which they
came, but it is certain that his early collectivus were made in the Nilshiri
Hills, though he also travelled tlırvugh the Carnatic, the Northern Circars,
the Wynaad, etc.

Most of the types of his new species appear to have been presented to
the Museum, but not all. I have discovered the following types
in the collection :——Ochromela nigrorufa, Turdulus wardi, Merula
simillima, Hypsipetes nilghiriensis, Prinia sylvatica, Acrocephalus
agricola, Pyenonotus xantholema, Malacocercus orientalis (= ÜOrateropus
canorus), Megalurus striatus (= Ohztornis locustelloides), Mirafra
erythroptera, M. afinis, M. hayi (= Spizalauda deva), Dendrocopus
ellioti (= Chrysocolaptes festivus), Gecinus chlorigaster, Rhopodytes
viridirostris, Osmotreron bieincta, Crocopus chlorigaster, Lophophorus
sclateri, Tragopan blythi.

The types of Muscicapula supereiliaris, Munia pectoralis, Anthus
similis, Ducula cuprea, Iyngipicus hardwickei, Micropternus gularis,
Thriponaw hodgsoni, and Macrorhamphus semipalmatus do not
appıar to have come to the Museum. One of the types of Hirundo
iytleri was given by Jerdon to Gould, aud by the latter to Seebohm
[98. 10. 20,187].

17 birds troın Upper Burma. Presented. [62. 1. 17, 12-28.]

Included the types of Orypsirhina cucullata, Pericrocotus albifrons,
Pycenonotus blanfordi, Pyetorhis altirostris, Orthotomus coronatus, Sturnia
nemoricola, and S. burmanica. 'T'hese species were described by Blyth
(J.A.S. Beng, xxxi., ». 342, 1862) and by Jerdon himself (P.Z.S.,
1861, p. 199, 1862, p. 19).

Jerdon was only sixty-one years of age when he died, and I knew him
very well after his retiırement from India. He entered the service of the
Hon. East Indıa Company in 1835, and in 1869 he was a “ Retired
Deputy Inspector-General of Hospitals” His early work was done in
the Madras Presideney, but he alterwards visited other parts of the
Empire, discovered some new species in Sikhim and again in Assam and
Burma, receiving from the Government of India special facilities for
travel and collecıiing. His “Birds of India” was an epoch-making book,
and laid the foundation for the splendid work which was inaugurated by
Mr. Hume and his successors (cf. “ Ibis,” 1872, p. 342; Diet. Nat. Biogr.,
xxix., p. 338).

An excellent memoir of Jerdon and his work was published by his
old friend, Sir Walter Elliot, in the “ Proceedings of the Berwickshire
Naturalists’ Club.”

2D23

404 Zoology.

Jesse (W.)

Naturalist to the Abyssinian Expedition, 1868. He arrived too late
to accompany the march to Maglala, but collected around Senafe, and
afterwards accompanied Dr. W. T. Blanford in an excursion to the Anseba
Valley. His collection was purchased by the Marquis of Tweeddale, and
was presented to the Museum, with the rest of the Tweeddale collection,
by Colonel Warilaw Ranısay (q.v.).

Johnston (Sir Harry H.), @.0.M.@., K.O.B.

1400 birds from Nyasa Land. Presented. [92. 9. 10, 1-267; 93.6.1,
1-334; 93.7. 30, 1-168; 94. 5.5,1-148; 94.8. 20,1-35; 96. 2.10,1-15;
97.11. 4, 1-389; 97. 12. 29, 1-39.]

These collections were described by Capt. Shelley in the “Ibis” for
the following years :—1893 (pp. 1-29, pls. i.-iii.), 1894 (pp. 1-28, pls. i., ii. ;
pp. 461-478, pl. xii.), 1896 (pp. 177-184, pl. iv.), 1897 (pp. 518-554,
pls. xi., xii.), 1898 (pp. 316-381).

The foll»wing species were characterised as new by the above-named
author :—Francolinus johnstoni, Haplopelia johnstoni, Agapornis lilianz,
Prodotiscus zambesiz, Lybius zombez, Smilorhis whytei, Hirundo astigma
(=H.emini), Alseonax subadusta, Pogonocichla johnstoni, Batis dimorpha,
Andropadus masukuensis, kurillas zombensis, Phyllostrophus cervini-
wentris, Bleda milanjensis, DB. fuseiceps, B. olivaceiceps (= B. strüifacies),
Merula milanjensis, Cossypha modesta, Callene unomala, Oryptülas nyas,
Cisticola nigriloris, Apalis flaviqularis, Sylviella whytei, Laniarius
bertrandi, Parus zanthostomus, Serinus whytei, Pyrenestes minor,
Cryptospiza australis, Hyphantornis bertrandi, HA. nyas&, Oriolus
chloricephalus.

181 birds from Uganda and other parts of British Equatorial Africa.
[1901. 10. 20, 1-158; 1901. 10. 24, 1-23.]

This collection, made during Sir Harry Johnston’s travels in Uganda
as H.B.M. Commissioner, when he visited Mau, Baringo, Suk, Nandi,
Elgon, Basoga, Uganda, Unyoro, Toro, the Aukole districts, Ruwenzori,
the Semliki Valley, and the forests on the border of the Congo Free State.
In these journeys he had as taxidermist Mr. Walter G. Doggett, who was
afterwards unfortunately drowned during the late Anglo-German Frontier
Commission. This collection I have described in the “Ibis” for 1902
(pp. 96-121, pl. v.), where is also figured the beautiful new Touracou,
Gallirex johnstoni, Sharpe.

Sir Harry Johnston, in addition to being a famous administrator of
British African yossessions, has always actively developed the natural
resources of the countries over which he has ruled, and both in Nyasa-
Land, where he was H.B.M. Commissioner for many years, and in
Uganda, where his later administrative work was done, he has made
valuable collections of natural history objects. Forty species new to the
Museum, with 30 types of new species, were sent by him from Nyasa-
Land. 'hese birds were chiefly collected by Mr. Alexander Whyte, the
Government botanist. Since Sir Harry’s retirement from Nyasa-Land,
the good work of zoological exploration has been continued by his
successors, General Manning and Sir Alfred Sharpe.

‚See also antea, BRITISH ASSOCIATION.

Johnstone (Sir FREDERIC), Bart.

169 birds from the West Indies and Venezuela. Presented. [1904.
3. 25, 1-5; 1904. 5. 28, 1-164.]

Birds. 405

Jones (Lieut. W. A. Warts), R.E.

8 birds from Yun-nan. Presented. [99. 8. 5, 1-8.]

These were skins of Game Birds, Peacocks (Pavo muticus), and
Amherst’s Pheasants (O'rysolophus amherstie).

Lieut. Watts Jones had all the making of a good collector in him, but
he was unfortunately killed during the outbreak of the Boxers in China.

Jones (Major Henry).

6 specimens of the Sungarian Pheasant (Phasianus alpherakyi), from
Kharbin. New to the collection. Presented. [1903. 4. 5, 1-6.]

7 birds from South Paraguay. Presented. [1904. 4. 6, 1-7.)

Major Jones has made a special study of the Game-Birds (Galliformes)
and Ducks (Anseriformes), and has a series of really beautiful paintings,
all executed by himself, and illustrating monographically every species of
the above-mentioned Orders of birds. The specimens of Phasianus
alpherakyi which he gave to the Museum were purchased by him in
Leadenhall Market, when a large consignment arrived from Kharbin
in 1903.

Jourdain (Rev. F. C. R.).

4 esgs of the Black-tailed Godwit (Limosa limosa) from Holland.
Presented. [1904. 7. 2, 1-4.]

Jukes (Dr. JosEpH BEETE).

153 specimens of birds and eggs, mostly from the northern coast of
Australia and Tasmania. Presented. [44. 7. 16, 1-107; 46. 10. 14,
1-35 ; 46. 10. 15, 1-16. ]

Dr. Jukes was naturalist to H.M.S. F7y on the surveying expedition
of that vessel to Cape York, Port Essington, and the northern coast of
Australia. See his book, the “ Voyage of H.M.S. 71,” vols. i., pp. 1-423,
ii., pp. 1-362 (1847). The Fly River, in Southern New Guinea, was
discovered during the voyage of the Fly, and was named after the ship
(ef. Dict. Nat. Biogr., xxx., p. 224).

Kaup (Dr. J.).

5 European birds. Presented. [46.1.1, 1-5.]

Dr. Kaup was a well-known figure in scientific circles during the early
years of the nineteenth century, and was a devoted exponent of the
quinary system. He was for many years Director of the Darmstadt
Museum, and made special study of the Aceipitres (ef. Jardine’s “ Con-
tributions to Ornithology for 1852,” pp. 103-122; Tr. 2. 8., iv., pp. 201-
260, pls. lvi., lvii.).

On the Fulconide he wrote monographic articles in the “Isis”
(1847, pp. 39-79, 83-121, 161-212, 241-283, 325-386). His “ Skizzirte
Entwickelungs-Geschichte u. natürl. System der europ. Thierwelt,” in
1829, was one of the important books of the quinary times, and contained
many descriptions of new genera, which were well characterised, and
many of them are recognised at the present day.

Kelaart (Dr. E. F.).

21 specimens from Ceylon. Presented. [52. 11. 26, 9-29.]

Dr. Kelaart was the pioneer of our knowledge of the Avifauna of
Ceylon, and his “ Prodromus Faun& Zeylanic® ” was for many years the
standard book on the subject, until the appearance of Colonel Legge’s
monumental work.

406 Zoology.

The types of hıs new species, described by Blyth, went to the Calcutta
Museum (cf. Lesge, Birds of Ceylon, Introduction, p. x.).

Kellett (Capt.) [afterwards Sir Hexer].

273 birds from the Pacific Coast of North America. [50. 1. 31, 1-230;
51. 9. 10, 1-21; 51. 10.1, 1-22]

When in command of the Herald, in 1850, Capt. Kellett and Lieut.
Wood made considerable collections of birds, some of which were of great
interest to the Museum. Apparently all were proj.erly labelled, but the
smaller birds were put into paper cones which came off in transit, and
very few of the original labels were preserved. (f. Speelman, “ Voy.
H.M.S. Herald,” 2 vols., 8vo, 1853.

8 nests and eggs of birds from Panama. Presented. [50.2. 12, 1-8.]

Qy. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxx., p. 342.

Kelsall (Major H. J.).

36 birds from Singapore and Pahang in the Malay Peninsula.
Presented. [94. 2. 3, 1-36.]

Kemp (Rosın).

72 birds from Sierra Leone. Presented. [1903. 8. 9, 1-24; 1908.
9. 15, 25-72.]

6 specimens of the Sierra Leone Francolin (Francolinus thornei).
Presented. [1903. 11. 3, 1-6.]

473 birds irom Sierra Leone. Purchased. [1904. 6. 3, 1; 1904. 6. 5,
1-242; 1905. 1. 25, 1-230.]

205 birds from Lower Nigeria. Purchased. [1906. 2. 1, 1-20).]

Mr. Robin Kemp was born in North London in 1871, and in 1902
was Assistant Accountant to the railway then being coustructed at Sierra
Leone. He made three collections ot birds during his stay in that colony,
one at Rotitunk in 1902, and two at Bo in 1903 and 1904. He discovered
an interesting new Bush Babbler, which has been named by me
Amauroeichla kempi (cf. Ibis, 1905, p. 231). Mr. Kemp has recently
made a collection of birds on the Lower Niger, and has described a new
species of Weaver-Finch as Zstrilda anambrae.

Kennedy (Capt. A. W. M. CLArk-).

21 birds from his collection, sold at Stevens’ auction rooms. [86. 4.20,
1-21.]

I tirst remember Clark-Kennedy as a boy at Eton, when I helped him
in the preparation of his “Birds of Berkshire and Buckinghamshire ”
(8vo, 1568). This was a capital book to have been written by a boy of
sixteen, and gave promise that the author would develop into a first-rate
ornithologist. For some years Clark-Kennedy kept up an interest in
birds, especially in Ducks and Wild-fowl, but he never afterwards did any
serious work, and died young (cf. Ibis, 1868, p. 337).

Kenrick (Major).
21 birds from the Kilimanjaro district Presented. [9s. 7. 24, 1-21.]

Among these specimens was the type of a new species of Pxoptera,
which Capt. Shelley named P. kenricki.

Kensington (Lord).

2 specimens of the Carrion Crow (Corvus corone) from South Wales.
Presented. [1905. 2. 20, 1-2.]

Gronp ol Carrion Crows wıth nest and eggs [rom South Wales, May.
Presented.

Birds. 407

Kerr (J. Grauan).
See PAGE, Capt. (infra, p. ).

Kershaw (J. C.).

3 eggs and 3 nests from Macao, South China. Presented. [1905.
6. 29, 1-6.]

Kew, Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens.

43 specimens from Bogota collected by Mr. Purdie [81. 12. 8, 1-43 ;
ee 25, 1: 998.25, 1-2.]

Specimens of the Gentoo Penguin (ZP’ygoscelis papua); Sheldrake
(Tadorna tadorna); 2 Pelecans (Pelecanus onocrotalus); 1 Üereopsis
Goose (Cereopsis nov& hollandiz);, and a nestling Stork ((tconia ciconia).
Eresented. 51900. 8. 17, 1; 1901. 5. 5, 1; 1903. 3. 6, 1-2; 1908.
7. 5, 1; 1904. 5.°81, 1.]

King (PuıLıp PARKER).
‚See Hist. Coll. Brit. Mus. (N.H.), vol. i., Botany, p. 159.

King (Dr.).
Collected for Mr. A. O. Hume in Mt. Abu. His specimens are in the
Hume Collection.

Kirk (Sir Jonn), K.O.B., @.0.M.@G.

115 birds from the Shire River and Lake Nyasa, and from other parts
of Zambesia. [63. 12. 30, 1-39; 74. 4. 29, 20-31; 84. 2. 6, 1-64.]

These specimens were collected by Sir John Kirk when he was chief
ofüicer to the Livingstone Expedition of 1858-1864. The collection was
described by Dr. Sclater in the “Ibis” for 1864 (pp. 301-307, pl. viii.),
and by Sir John himselt (£.c., pp. 307-339). There were also many
specimens obtained by the expedition and prepared by him, which reached
the Museum through the Foreign Offce, by the direction of Earl Russell.
[60. 12. 31, 1-193; 63. 12. 8, 1-43.]

During the preparation of their work on the Birds of East Africa,
Drs. Finsch and Hartlaub visited the British Museum and described
several species which had remained undetermined in our cabinets. Among
these birds, described in the “Vögel Ostafrika’s” by Drs. Finschj and
Hartlaub, were Nicator chloris (p. 360), Hyphantornis wanthopterus
(p. 399), and Erythrocercus livingstonei (p. 302).

Mr. G. R. Gray described a new Touraco as Turacus livingstonei
(P.Z.S., 1864, p. 44) and Inamed the Zambesi Babbling Thrush Crater-
opus kirki (Sharpe, ed. Layard, B. S. Afr., p. 213, 1875).

While Consul-General at Zauzıbar Sir John Kirk sent collectors te
various parts of East Africa, Lamo, Melindi, and the Usambara Hills,
and he himself visited the Comoro Islands (ef. Shelley, P.Z.S., 1379,
pp. 673-679; 1881, pp. 561-602, pl. lii.). Several new species were
described by Capt. Shelley, to whom the collections were sent (vide
infra, p. ;

Of. “ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 860.

Kirtland (Professor J. P.).

22 specimens from Ohio. [44. 1. 15, 1-22.].

Professor Kirtland was a well-known zoologist of the early part of the
nineteenth century. Dendraca kürtlandi was named after him by
Professor Baird.

408 Zoology.

Kleinschmidt ( ):

‚See GODEFFROY MUSEUM.

Kleinschmidt was one of the best of the collectors employed by the
celebrated brothers Godeffroy. He explored the Fiji Islands, and after-
wards collected in New Britain, where he was murdered by the natives
in 1881.

Knowles (H.).

29 specimens of Tits (Parus palustris and Parus ater). Purchased.
[99. 8. 1, 1-29.].

Mr. Knowles is a dealer in Hammersmith, and has procured many
Tits for our series of Bıitish Paride.

Kosslowsky (J.).
See RosENBERG, W. [See postea,p. .)]
A Russian naturalist who made a large collection of birds in the
Chubut Valley in Patagonia. This collection was secured for the
Museum through the good oflices of Mr. Thursby.

Krauss (Professor).
22 birds from South Africa. Presented. [40. 6. 24, 26-47.]

Krüper (Dr. Tn.).

Director of the Museum at Athens, who has collected much in Greece
and in the neichbourhood of Smyrna. Mr. Seebohm made an excursion
with him.

Kühn (Heinrich).
See ROSENBERG.

Mr. Kühn has been exploring several of the Molucca Islands for the
Hon. Walter Rothschild, and a few duplicates from his collection of birds
have been purchased by the Museum [c/. Hartert, Nov. Zool., vii.,
pp. 13-14 (1900); vii., pp. 1-5, 93-101, 163-176 (1901); x., pp. 18-38,
232-254 (1903); xi., pp. 174-221 (1904)].

Lagden (Sir GoDFREY).

19 birds from Kumasi in Ashanti. Presented. [84. 1. 15, 1-19.]

In this small collection was the type of a new species of Bush Shrike
(Laniarius lagdeni) (cf. Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1884, p. 54, pl. v.

Of. “ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 872.

Laglaize (Leon).
See BoucArD, A.

The Museum haus purchased through M. Boucard several specimens
obtained by M. Laglaize in Senegambia and in New Guinea, where he
discovered some fine new species of birds.

Landbeck ( ):

A well-known collector of Chilian birds, and author, with Dr. Filippi,

of several papers on the subject.
Langworthy (E. M.).
50 birds from Kashmir, etc. Presented. [76. 10. 17, 22-71.]

Birds. 409

Lansdell (Rev. Dr.).
‚See GERRARTD, E.
Dr. Lansdell brought back from Kashmir and Tibet a small collection
of birds, containing some species of interest to the Museum (cf. his book
on “Russian Central Asia,” 1885).

Larkin (Colonel EpGAr).
9 birds from Upper Egypt. Presented. [93. 7. 12, 1-9.]

La Touche (J. D.).

85 nests of birds from N. W. Fohkien. Presented. [99. 2. 9, 1-76;
99. 2. 21, 1-9.]

57 birds and eggs from Kuatun. Presented. [99.8. 16, 1-29; 1901.
1. 20, 1-28.]

2 birds from Formosa and Chinkiang, including one species new to the
eollectivn. Presented. [1905. 6. 15, 1-2.]

Mr. La Touche is an energetic collector of birds, and especially of
egss, in China, and has presented a very interesting series to the
Museum [cf. Ibis, 1837, pp. 469, 470; 1892, pp. 400-430, 477-503;
1895, p. 305 ; 1896, pp. 489-495 ; 1897, pp. 138, 169-176, pl. iv., 600-610;
1898, pp. 328-333, 356-373; 1599, pp. 169-210, 400-451; 1900, pp.
34-51; Bull. B.O.C., vi, p. 37 (1897); viii., p. 9 (1898)].

Laugier de Chartrouse (Baron).

309 specimens fıom his collection. Purchased. [37. 6. 10, 372-681. ]

Baron Laugier was coadjutor with Temminck in the “ Planches
Coloriees.” The sale of his collection took place in Paris in 1857, and
a copy of the Catalogue in the British Museum bears the following note:
“La vente publique de cette collection se fera au mois de juin 1837.
Le jour en sera fixe ulterieurement par les journaux jusqu’& cette epoque.
On traiterait a l’amiable de la totalite.” "This sale-catalogue was printed
at Arles and sent to Dr. J. E. Gray, and we are further informed: “La
rapidite avec laquelle a &t& fait ce travail, et l’absence du proprieta're,
n’out pas permis de suivre d’autre classification que celle des armoires de la
galerie.” Unfortunstely no attempt seems to have been made at the time
to identify any of the specimens described and figured in the “ Planches
Coloriees,” and many of them have since been given away as duplicates.

Layard (Epcar LeoroLn), 0.M.@.
Ste also Hıcaıns, T.; Trıstram, Canon.

27 eggs from Ceylon. Presented. [53. 12. 6, 1-27.]

106 eggs from South Africa. Presented. [69. 10. 8, 1-106.]

Mr. Layard was an ornithologist from h's youth, and when a civil
servant in Ceylon, where he served from 1846 to 1855, he did excellent
work, as will be seen by his papers in the second series of the “ Annals
and Magazine of Natural History ” (vols. xii. (1853), pp. 97-107, 165-
176, 262-272; xiü. (1854), pp. 123-131, 212-218, 257-264, 446-453;
xziv. (1854), pp. 57-64, 105-115, 264-272).

Layard has given the following account of his Ceylonese days in
Leage’s “ Birds of Ceylon ” (Introduction, p. ix.): “I arrived in Ceylon
in March 1846, and for some time, having no employment, amused my
leisure in collecting for my more than friend, Dr. Templeton, who had
nursed me through a dangerous illness, and in whom I found a congenial
spirit. My chief attractions there were the glorious Lepidoptera of the
island; but I always carried a light single-barrelled gun in a strap on my

410 Zoology.

back to shoot specimens for the Doctor. He himself, like Dr. Kelaart,
never shot, but depended on his friends for specimens. I, of course, soon
becanıe interested in the ‘Ornis’; and on Trempleton’s leaving, at the end
of 1847 or beginning of 1848, he begged me to take up his correspondence
with the late Edward Blyth, then Curator of the R. A. S. Calcutta
Museum. He left me his list of the species then known to exist in the
island, numbering 183, and Blyth’s last letter to answer. From that day
almost monthly letters passed between the latter and myself, till I left
Ceylon in 1853. When I left I had brought up the list to 315; deduct
from this the novelties added by Kelaart, and some which 1 think he has
wrongly id‘ ntified (but which are included in my list in the “ Annals’),
22 in number, and it leıves me the contributor of 110 species to the
Ceylonese ‘Ornis,’ examples of most of which fell to my own gun.

“My collecting trips never extended to the hill-parts where Dr.
Kelaart collected, Nuwara Elliya, &c. I was twice in Kandy, once at
‘Carolina,’ an estate near Ambegamoa, and once as far as Gillymally via
Ratnapura.”

The species discovered by Layard were sent by him to Blyth at
Calcutta, and the latter described a good many of them. None came to
the British Museum; many were presented to Oalcutta, and the bulk
of his collection was given by him to a relative, and is now preserved
at the Poole Free Library, in Mount Street, Poole.

The following is a list of the species discovered by Layard and
named either by himself or by Blyth :—@allus lineatus, Blyth (=@.
lafayettei) (cf. Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 736); Palzornis layardi, Blyth
(= P.torquata) (cf. Salvadori, Cat. B., xx., p. 443); P. calthorpe, Layard
[this name has always been written calthroy z, the mistake arising originally _
from a printer’s error, but Layard himself told me that he intended to
name the species after his wife, who was a Miss Calthorp (cf. my note,
p- 32 of “Handlist of Birds,” vol. ii.)]; Zyngipieus gymnophthalmus,
Blyth; Chrysocolaptes stricklandi, Layard; Cuculus bartletti, Layard
(= C. poliocephalus, juv.) (ef. Legze, B. Öeylon, p. 231); Centropus chloro-
rhynchus, Biyth; Tephrodornis afinis, Blyth; Dierurus minor, Blyth;
D. leucopygialis, Blyth; Leucocerca compressirostris, Blyth (= Rhipidura
albofrontata) (cf. Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 412); Butalis muttui, Layard ;
Oreocincla spiloptera, Blyth; O. imbricata, Layard ; Dumetia albigularis,
Blyth; Aleippe nigrifrons, Blyth ; Drymocataphus fuscicapillus, Blyth ;
Cisticola malura, Blyth (=. eisticola, Temm.); Drymeca robusta,
Blyth (nec Rüpp.) (= Prinia sylvatica, Jerd.); Hirundo hyperythra,
Blyth; Hetzrornis albofrontata, Layard (= Sturnornis senex); Eulabes
ptilogenys, Blyth; Cissa puella, Blyth ex Layard N.S.

In 1855 Layard went to the Cape at the invitation of Sir George Grey
and entered the Civil Service of Cape Colony. He founded the South
Afriean Museum, and in 1867 published the “ Birds of South Afriea,”
which was the means of stimulating the study of African birds in as great
a degree as had been done by Jerdon’s “ Birds of India” in the East. He
afterwards accompanied Sir George Grey on a special mission to New
Zealand, and then returned to the Capeas Judge and Commissioner under
the Slave 'I'rade Treaties. In this capacity he visited the east coast of
Alrica as far north as Zanzibar.

He was next appointed Consul at Parä, where he made a good collection
of birds for the Marquis of Tweeddale. 'T'his was described by him in the
“Ibis” for 1873, Picolaptes layardi and Thamnophilus simplex being
characterised as new by Dr. Sclater. After quitting South America Layard
was employed by the Government in the Fiji Islands, where he acted as

Birds. 4ll

Commissioner, and here again he did much good ornithological work (cf.
Ibis, 1876, pp. 137-152, 387-394; 1881, p. 170), as aiso in New
Caledonia when he became H.B.M. Consul at Noumea. His son Leopold
U. Layard assisted him in collecting in New Caledonia, and also undertook
expeditions to the New Hebrides and the Loyalty Islands (ef. Ibis, 1879,
pp- 95, 221, 364, 369; 1880, pp. 336, 381; 1881, p. 542; 1884, p. 122;
1888, p. 491; 1900, p. 404.

Leach (J. H.).

69 birds from Ichang on the River Yang-tze, collected by A. E. Pratt.
Purchased. [88. 9. 6, 1-69.]

Une species ( Yuhina diadlemata) new to the collection.

Mr. Pıatt made a wonderful collect.on of Lepidoptera when travelling
in Ohiua tor Mr. Leach (cf. Insects). He also obtained a few birds,
which were purchased by the British Museum.

Leadbeater (Messrs.).

98 birds from Mexico. Purchased. [39. 8. 2, 1-98.]

92 birds from various lvcalities. Purchased. [42. 1. 19, 1-92.]

Mauy of these were duvlicates from the Leyden Museum, and included
species new to the British Museum, from the expeditions of S. Müller and
otlier Dutch naturalists.

35 birds froın Brazil. Purchased. [42. 12. 3, 1-35.]

T'hese were collected by a Dr. Such.

60 bırds from Jamaica. Purchased. [42. 12. 29, 1-60.]

Spindalis nigricephala was new to the collection. Ihese specimens
were probably duplicates received from Mr. P. H. Gosse.

35 specimens trom Abyssinia and Shoa. Purchased. [43. 2. 8, 1-35.]

'I'hese were duplicates from Dr. Rüppell’s collection, aud the Museum
thus secured several co-types froın hıs celebrated expedition.

233 speeimens, mostly from Uentral and South America. Purchased.
[#3. 5. 24, 1-200 ; 43. 6. 13, 15-33; 43. 9. 8, 1-15.]

The Guatemalan birds, some obtained at Oovban, Esenintla, ete., were
apparently collected by a Frenchman, as notes are made in the register,
“ yeusx bleu, yeux roux-cair,” etc.

21 birds from Mexico. Purchased. [43. 9. 18, 1-21.]

19 birds from Celebes. Purchased. [43. 9. 19, 1-19.]

These were some more duplicates from the Leyden Museum. As
showing the lax notions of geographical distribution entertained by some
ornithologists of that day we find in the register: “ @. Oolaris gularis. Cöte
de Guinee”” "Ihe word “ New ” is inserted, and the specimen is catalogued
in the “List of Fissirostres,” 1848, p. 33, as Kurystomus gularis, Irom
New Guinea!

101 birds from Japan. Purchased. [44. 5. 1, 1-9; 46.1. 31, 1-60;
46. 3.11, 1-8; 46. 10. 5, 1-24.]

Among these collections were more duplicates received from the Leyden
Museum by Mr. Leadbeater, who seenıs to have had many dealıngs with
Temminck.

I'he Leadbeaters, father and son, were for many years the leading
natural history agents in London, and had a shop in Brewer Street,
Golden Square, which ın my early days I used to visit in search of
African birds. The father, alter whom Cacatua leadbeateri was named by
Vigors, was a scientific man, and wrote several papers on ornithology.

After the death of the father and son the business was continued for a
short time by a nephew.

412 Zoology.

Lefebvre.

222 specimens, mostly sterna of European birds. Purchased. [46. 5.
27, 1-222.
Legge (Colonel W. VINCENT).

150 birds from Ceylon. Presented. [75. 12. 20, 1-6 ; 76. 6. 6, 1-15;
73. 10. 4, 11-88; 81 5. 24, 10-14; 82. 3. 24, 1-15; 85. 11. 12, 1-31.]

Five species were new to the collection, Spizaetus ceylomensis, Buchanga
minor, Dissemurus lophorhinus, Chrysocolaptes stricklandi, Brachy-
pternus intermedius. T'hese were duplicates from Oolonel Legge’s colleetion
of Ceylonese birds. His memoir on the avifauna of Ceylon is one of the
most excellent works ever written by an ornithologist.

Le Hunte (Sir GEORGE RuTHvEn), Governor of South Australia.

23 birds from British New Guinea. Presented. [1900. 2. 19, 1-23.]

Sir G.R. Le Hunte was Governor of British New Guinea trom 1898 to
1903. Among the specimens presented were some rare Birds of Paradise,
such as Loria marie, Astrarchia stephaniz, Epimachus meyeri.

Of. “ Who’sWho,” 1904, p. 902.

Leigh (Lord).

221 birds from New South Wales. Presented. [93. 4. 4, 1-221].
Of. “ Who's Who,” 1904, p. 902.
Lempriere (E.).

öl specimens from the island of Palawan. Purchased. [85. 4. 2, 1-24;
85. 4. 3, 1-7.] 7 others were presented.

Mr. Lempriere’s collection was described by me inthe “ Ibis” for 1884
(pp- 316-322, pl. viii.), when the following new species were characterised :—
Thriponax hargitti, Siphia lemprieri. In the “ Proceedings” of the
Zoological Society for 1885 (p. 446, pl. xxvi.) I also described a new
Hornbill, now known as Gymnolemus lemprieri.

In the “Ibis” for 1883, pp. 85-90, Mr. F. Nicholson published an
account of a collection from Sandakan made by Mr. Lempriere, who
discovered a new Jay-Shrike (Platylophus lemprieri). This Sandakan
collection was purchased by Canon Tristram, and is now in the Liverpool
Museum.

Le Soeuf (Dunprey). Director of the Zoological Gardens,
Melbourne.

11 birds, nests and eggs. Presented. [97. 11.11, 1-8; 98. 11. 27,

1-3.]
Leyden Museum.
See also LEADBEATER.

60 birds from the Malayan Archipelago. Presented. [73. 5.9, 1-8;
78. 11. 12, 1-34; 83. 10.1, 9-21; 88. 4. 7, 1-5.]

These are birds presented by Professor Schlegel and Dr. Jentinck,
Directors of the great Rijks-Museum at Leyden, during the progress of the
“ Catalogue of Birds.” My first visit to Leyden was paid in 1869, when I
was writing my “ Monograph of the Kirgfishers”; and during the prepara-
tion of the first volume of the “Catalogue,” I worked there for many days,
and ‚my friend Professor Schlegel gave me several species lacking to the
British Museum, for which I purchased specimens on my return to
England, and sent them in exchange. On this occasion the following
species of Accipitres were new to the British Museum: Cerchneis zori-

Birds. 413

ventris, Baza madagascariensis, Astur hiogaster, A. muelleri, Accipiter
rhodogaster, Spizaetus gurneyi, Ninox ochracea.

When I was writing the fourth volume of the “ Catalogue,” I again
went over to Leyden, and effected a similar exchange with Professor
Schlegel, obtaining for our Museum many species of Flycatchers which
we dıd not before possess— Poecilodryas brachyurus, Gerygone melano-
thorax, G. notata, G. magnirostris, G. flaveola, Pristorhamphus versteri,
Oryptolopha grammiceps, Todopsis bonapartei, T'. coronata, Monarcha
kordensis, Piezorhynchus diadematus, Anthipes solitaria, Erythromyias
mülleri, Pachycephala obiensis, Rhipidura obiensis.

In 1883 Professor Schlegel also gave me the following desiderata
for the succeeding volumes of the “Catalogue”: Hirundo striolata,
Diczum maforense, D. keiense, Napothera pyrrhoptera, Zosterops rufifrons,
Z. uropygialis, Stachyridopsis melanothorax, and Turdinus lepidopleurus.
Some of these species are not included in the tenth volume, which
appeared in July 1883, as I had not been able to visit Leyden for the
purpose of checking my MSS. In October of that year, however, I was
able to get away, and found that there were many omissions in the
volume, which I rectified in a paper on Timeliide, published in the
“ Notes from the Leyden Museum ” (vol. vi., pp. 167-178).

The last donatıons, in 1888, consisted of five specimens, of which

- Pericrocotus lansbergi, Lamprolia minor, Chloropsis venusta, and Aecci-
piter büttikoferi were new to the collection; and a specimen of Ortholo-
phus albocristatus from Liberia, which has since become the type of my
Ortholophus finschi (** Ibis,” 1904, p. 610).

Lidth de Jeude (Dr.).

See WARWICK.

Lilford (Lord).

3 specimens of the Spanish Green Woodpecker (Geeinus sharpei), from
S. Spain. Presented. [72. 7. 9, 1-3.]

'Ihis species was named by Mr. Howard Saunders (P.Z.S., 1872,
p- 153). In 1894 the late Prof. V. L. Seoane re-described this Wood-
pecker as Gecinus viridis galiciensis, in a pamphlet to which he attached
the date of 1870. This was the most bare-faced attempt to secure the
priority of a name given twenty-two years too late, which has ever come
under the notice of the writer (c/. Zool. Rec., 1894, Aves, p. 38).

31 specimens of Herons, Spoonbills, ete., collected by kuiz near
Seville. Presented. [74. 11. 18, 3-33.]

A specimen of Sylvia melanothorax, Tristr., from Cyprus, new to the
collection. Presented. [75.7.6,1.]

Parent birds with nest aud eggs of the Flamingo (Phanicopterus
roseus) from Southern Spain. Presented. [80. 6. 8, 1-6.] These are the
specimens mounted in the public gallery, and form group No. 159.

234 specimens from Cyprus and the countries of the Mediterranean.
Presented. [88. 7. 26, 1-205; 88. 8. 16, 1-18; 88. 8. 26, 1-11.]

This collection of birds was formed by Lord Liltord himself, by
Mr. W. Pearce, and more particularly by Dr. Guillemard, who has
written an excellent essay on the birds of the island (Ibis, 1888,
pp- 94-124, pl. ii.; 1889, pp. 206-219), aud Lord Lilford has also
published an interesting memoir on the ornithology of Cyprus (Ibis,
1839, pp. 305-350).

17 Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) from Lilford. Presented. [88. 9.
2, 1-17.]

414 Zoology.

136 eggs from Southern Spain. Presented. [90. 9. 30, 1-136.]

6 birds from S.E. Africa. Presented. [94. 6. 17, 1-6.]

For a very complete memoir of this well-known ornitholosist, see
the “Ibis” for 1896 (pp. 430, 593-596), “Lord Lilford on Birds,” by
A. T'revor-Battye (4to, 1903), and “ Lord Liilford ; a Memoir by his Sister,
the Hon. Mrs. Drewitt” (8vo, 1900, pp. xxiv., 290).

“ Linnea,” Berlin.

21 birds from Salanza Island. Purchased. [82. 3. 21, 1-15.]

The collection of birds made by Capt. Weber on Salanga was
described by Dr. A. Müller (J.t.O., 1382, pp. 353-448). He described
a new species of Woodpecker as (@ecinus weberi, of which the type-
specimens were acquired by the Museum. Mr. Hargitt has united this
species with @. viridanus (cf. Cat. B., xviii., p. 47). This Captain Weber
is the same individnal that /aidia webberi, Hume, is named after (Str. F.,
1879, pp. 40, 68). Ir should, therefore, be called /xidia weberi.

From the “Linnen” ıbe Museum also acquired some rare species of
East African b.rds; of which Zisturgops ruficauda, Parisoma boehmi,
Cosmopsarus unieolor, and Muscicaypa infulata were new tu the collection.

[87. 8. 14, 1-6.]

Linnean Society.

When the Linnean Society determined to give up its private Museum,
the birds were sent to the Brıtish Museum in 1863, in two lots.

The first series consisted of the types of Parrots and Pigeons described
by l'emminck in 1819 (vol. xiii., pp. 107-150), in his pajer entitled:
“ Accoımt of some new species of Birds of the genera Psittacus and
Columba, in the Museum of the Litinean Society.” [63. 7. 6, 1-15.]

Psittacus cooki, n. sp. (p. 111). d = (alyptorhynchus banksi (Lath.),
cf. Salvad., Oat. B. Brit. Mus., xx.,p. 109. 2 =. viridis (V.), cf. Salvad.,
Tepe

Psittacus solandri,n. sp. (p. 113) is the young of (©. viridis, cf. Salvad.,
£.c., p. 112.

Psittacus nasicus, n. sp. (p. 115), = Licmetis nasica, Salvad., £.c.,

. 133.
n Psittacus flavigaster, n. sp. (p. 116). This hybrid name is changed on
p-. 117 to P. flaviventris, but without assigning any reason. It is Platy-
cercus flaviventris of Salvadori (p. 545).

Psittacus baueri, n. sp. (p. 118),= Barnardius zonarius (Shaw), cf.
Salvad., t.c., p. 260.

Psittacus browni, n. sp. (p. 119),= Platycercus browni, Salvad., £.c.,
. 549.

. Psittacus multicolor, n. sp. (p. 119),= Psephotus multicolor, Salvad.,
t.c., p. 966.
Psittacus icterotis, n. sp. (p. 120), = Platycercus icterotis, Salvad., £.c.,
. 554.
5 Psittacus venustus, n. sp. (p. 121),= Neophema venusta, Salvad., £.c.,
. 570.
; Columba dilopha, n. sp. (p. 124),= Lopholemus antarcticus (Shaw),
cf. Salvadori, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., xxi., p. 235.

Columba magnifica, n. sp. (p. 125), = Megaloprepia magnifica,
Salvadori, £.c., p. 167.

Columba leucomela, n. sp. (p- 126), cf. Salvad., £.c., p. 320.

Oolumba scripta, n. sp. (p. 127), = Geophaps scripta, Salvad., £.c., p. 531.

Columba humeralis, n. sp. (p. 128),= @eopelia humeralis, Salvad., £.c.,
p- 455.

Birds. 415

Columba phasianella, n. sp. (p. 129), = Macropygia phasianella, Salvad.,
t.c., p. 349.

The second donation consisted of 72 speeimens of Australian birds
[63. 7. 7, 1-72], collected by George Caley, and among them were the
types of species described by Vigors and Horsfield in the “ Transactions”
of the Linnean Society (vol. xv., pp. 170-331). Their paper was called
“ A description of the Australian Birds in the collection of the Linnean
Society,” etc, The following are the types which came into the
Museum :—

Astur raü, n. sp,=Astur cinereus (V.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., Brit.
Mus., i., p. 117. 4. fasciatus (p. 181), A. approximans (p. 181). The
former is the young and the latter the old bird of the same species,
Sharpe, £.c., p. 126.

Falco cenchroides, n. sp. (p. 183), = Üerchneis cenchroides (V. aud H.),
Sharpe, £.c., p. 431.

Falco beriyora, n. sp. (p. 184),= Hieracidea berigora (V. and H.),
Sharpe, t.c., p. 421. Haliaetus calei, n. sp. (p. 186), = Urospizias radiatus
(Lath.), Sharpe, £.c., p. 159. H. canorus, n. sp. (p. 187), = Haliastur
sphenurus (V.), Sharpe, £.c., p. 316.

Noctua maculata, n. sp. (p. 189), = Ninox maculata (V. and H.); cf.
Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 174.

Hirundo pyrrhonota, n. sp. (p. 190),= Petrochelidon nigricans (V.);
cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x. (p. 190).

Caprimulgus guttatus, n. sp. (p. 192). C. albogularis, n. sp. (p. 194,
note) ; cf. Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 607, where Dr. Hartert identifies these
two birds as being one and the same species, viz. Burostopus albigularis,
©. guttatus being the young bird, and (. albigularis the adult.

ZEgotheles, n. gen. (p. 194), type ZH. nova hollandie (Lath.); cf.
Hartert, Cat. B., xvi., p. 646. Podargus stanleyanus, n. sp. (p. 197), P.
humeralis, n. sp. (p. 198), P. cuviers, n. sp. (p. 200), all=P. strigoides
(Lath.); cf. Hartert, £.c., p. 631.

Dacelo leachi, n. sp. (p. 205), ‘“Keppel Bay, 24 Oct., 1802” (Brown) ;
cf. Sharpe, Cat. B, xvi., p. 206. Haleyon sanctus, n. sp. (p. 206) ; cf.
Sharpe, 2.c., p. 267. Merops melanurus, n. sp. (p. 208),=M. ornatus,
Lath.; cf. Sharpe, £.e., p. 75. Falcunculus gutturalis, n. sp. (p. 212),
= Qreoica eristata (Lewin) ; cf. Gadow, Cat B., viii., p. 174. Colluroieincla
cinerea, n. sp. (p. 214),= (0. harmonica (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iii.,
p- 29v. Campophaga leucomela, n. sp. (p. 215),= Lalage leucomelena
(nom. emend.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iv., p. 106. Graucalus men-
talis, n. sp. (p. 216); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 37. Malurus lamberti, n. sp.
(p. 221) ; cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 293. M. browni, n. sp. (p. 223),= M. dorsalis
(Lewin); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 296. M. exilis, n. sp. (p. 223), = Cisticola
exilis (V. and H.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 269. Acanthiza nana, n.sp.
(p- 226); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 292. 4. reguloides, n. sp. (p. 299); cf.
Sharpe, £.c., p. 299. 4. fronlalis, n. sp. (p. 226), = Sericornis frontalis
(V. aud H.); cf. Sharpe, t.c., p. 308. 4A. pyrrhopygia, n. sp. (p. 227), =
Hylacola pyrrhopygia (V.and H.); cf. Sharpe, t.c., p. 346. 4A.buchanani,
n. sp. (p. 227); cf. Sharpe, t.c., p. 291, note. N.B.—The type of this
species was in the collection of Mr. Walter Buchanan, F.L.S., and did not
come to the Museum. 'I'he species is still unidentified, but I suggested
in the “ ('atalogue ” that it might be Eiphthianura tricolor.

Megalurus ceruralis, n. sp. (p. 228), = (inclorhamphus eruralis
(V. and H.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii.,p. 498. Anthus australis, n. sp.
(p. 229), and A. pallescens, n. sp. (p. 229) [= A. australis (V.and H.);
cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 615]. 4A. minimus, n. sp. (p. 230), = Chthoni-

416 Zoology.

cola sagittata (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 290. 4A. fuliginosus,
n. sp. (p. 230), = Calamanthus fuliginosus (V. and H.); cf. Sharpe, £.c.,
p. 501. 4. rufescens. n. sp. (p. 230), = Cinclorhamphus rufescens
(V. and H.); cf. Sharpe, &c., p. 501. Dasyornis australis, n. sp
(p. 232), = Sphenura brachyptera (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 104.
Grallina bicolor, n. sp. (p. 232), = @. picata (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, Cat.
B., iii, p. 272. Zosterops dorsalis, n. sp. (p. 235), = Z. cerulescens
(Lath.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., ix., p. 152. Sawicola solitaria, n. sp.
(p. 236), = Origma rubricata (Lath.), cf. Sharpe, Cat. B, vii., p. 135.
Pachycephala striata, n. sp. (p. 240), = P. rufiventris (Lath.); cf. Gadow,
Cat. B., viii., p. 208. P. fusca, n. sp. (p. 240), and P. fuliginosa, n. sp.
(p. 241), = P. gutturalis (Lath.) ; cf. Gadow, £.c., p. 192. P. olivacea,
n. sp. (p. 241); cf. Gadow, £.c., p. 212.

Muscicapa goodenovii,n. sp. (p. 245), = Petreeca goodenovü (V.and H.);
cf. Sharpe, Car. B., iv, p. 171. ZRhipidura motacilloides, n. sp. (p. 248),
= .R. tricolor (V.); cf Sharpe, £.c., p. 839.

Myiayra rubeculoides, n. sp. (p. 253), and M. plumbea, n. sp. (p. 254),
= M. rubecula (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 375. MM. macroptera, n. sp.
(p. 254), = Miercca fascinans (Lath.).

Fringilla latham', n. sp. (p. 256), = Steganopleura guttata (Shaw);
cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 292. Pringilla bichenovüi, n. sp. (p. 258), =
Stictoptera bichenowi (V. and H.); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 313.

Ptilonorhynchus macleayi, n. sp. (p. 265), = P. violaceus (V.); cf.
Sharpe, Cat. B., vi., p. 381. P. smithi, n. sp. (p. 264), = Hlurzdus
viridis (Lath.); cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 385. Corvus coronoides, n. SP.
(p. 261); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 20.

Platycercus barnardi, n. sp. (p. 283), = Barnardius barnardi (V. and

H.); cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 558. Trichoglossus matoni, n. sp. (p. 291),

= Psitteuteles chlorolepidotus (Kuhl), Salvadori, Cat. B., xx., p. 65. Z,
rubritorguis, n. Sp. (p. 291); cf. Salvad., £.c., p. 60.

Orthonyz temmincki, n. sp. (p. 294); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 329
(s. n. O. spinicauda).

Quculus inornatus, n. sp. (p. 297), and O. albostrigatus, n.sp. (p. 298),
= (. pallidus (Lath.); cf. Shelley, Cat. B., xix., p. 261. C. cineraceus,
n. sp. (p. 298), and (Ü. incertus, n. sp. (p. 299), = (acomantis flabelli-
formis (Lith.); ef. Shelley, £.c., p. 266. Cuculus variolosus, n. SP.
(p- 300), = Cacomantis variolosus (V. and H.); cf. Shelley, £.c., p. 272.
Cuculus metallicus, n. sp. (p. 302), = Ohalcococcyx plagosus (Lath.) ;
cf. Shelley, £.e., p. 297. Eudynamis flindersii, n. sp. (p. 305) = E. cyano-
cephala (Lath.); ef. Shelley, £.c., p. 324. Meliphaga indistincta, n. sp.
(p. 315), = @lyeiphila ocularis, Gould ; ef. Gadow, Cat. B., ix., p. 213.
M. brevirostris, n. sp. (p. 315), = Melithreptus brevirostris (V. and H.);
cf. Gadow, £.c., p. 207. Myzantha flavirostris, n. sp. (p. 319), = Macro-
rhina melanophrys (Lath.); cf. Gadow, £.c., p. 259.

Mimeta meruloides, n. sp. (p. 327), = Oriolus viridis (Lath.); cf.
Sharpe, Cat. B., iii., p. 212. Pomatorhinus temporalis, n. sp. (p. 330),
and P. superciliosus, n. sp. (p. 330).

Linney (ALzeErT).
9 birds from the Falkland Islands. Purchased. [1901. 4. 30, 1-9.]

Lisbon Museum (Prof. J. V. BarBoza Du Bocagk, Director).

48 birds from Benguela and the island of S. Thome, collected by
Anchieta and F. Newton. Presented. [82. 7. 1, 1-4; 88. 12. 1,
1-44.)

Birds. 417

Nearly a score of species new to the Museum were added by this
donation, all of great interest—among them Fiscus souze, Sylwiella
ruficapilla, Parus rufiventris, Nilaus afınis, Salpornis salvadorü, Frin-
gillaria major, Pternistes rubricollis, Nectarinia newtoni, Oriolus cras-
sirostris, Turdus olivaceofuscus, Symplectes sanctithome, Haplopelia
simplex.

32 birds from the islands of the Bight of Biafra (S. Thom& and IIha
do Principe), collected by Mr. Francesco Newton. [91. 8. 20, 1-32.]

Among these specimens were the following, new to the Museum :—
Nectarinia thomensis, Oinnyris newtoni, Lanius newtoni, Prinia mölleri,
Amblyospiza concolor.

For many years the Portugnese Government employed the services of
natualists to make collections for them in various parts of their African
possessions. The most celebrated of these explorers was Anchieta, who
travelled extensively iv Angola, Benguela and Mossamedes. 'I'he results
of these expeditions are n 3st!y incorporated in the “ Ornithologie d’Angola,”
written by Professor Barboza du Bocage, for many years the Director «f
the Lisbon Museum, and a staunch friend of our own Museum, to which
he has made many valuable donations.. Many specimens were also given
in exchange to myself and Captain Shelley, and are now incorporated in
the British Museum along witn the rest of our private colleetions.

Another well-known naturalist who collected in the Portuguese islands
in the Bight of Biafra is Mr. Francesco Newton, who obtained several
interesting new species, duplicates of which were sent by Professor Bocage
to the British Museum.

Lister (J. J.).

23 specimens from Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean. Presented.
[88. 8. 12, 1-23.]

Mr. Lister was naturalist on H.M. Surveying Ship Egeria in 1887,
and visited Christmas Island. He discovered on this occasion five new
species on the island, the types of which he presented to the British
Museum :—Zosterops natalis, Collocalia natalis, Chalcophaps natalis,
Urospizias natalis, Ninox natalis (cf. P.Z.S., 1888, pp. 512-529, pls.
xxVvi., XXvil.).

10 specimens from the Phoenix group of islands in the Pacific Ocean.
Presented. [91. 4. 24, 1-10.]

Mr. Lister was again naturalist on the Zgeria in 1889.

The collection consisted of marine birds, but among them (Zstrelata
parvirostris and Pufinus nativitatis were new to the Museum. Several
other specimens, presented by Mr. Lister to the late Mr. Henry Seebohm,
have passed into the British Museum with the collection bequeathed by
the latter.

Littledale (St. GEORGE).

100 speceimens of birds and eggs from various varts of Central As
Presented. [89.1. 10, 1-2; 89. 3. 3, 1-8 (Altai Mts.); 90. 5. 20, 1-39
(Saiar Mt».); 91. 5. 2, 1-37 (Pamir) ; 94. 2. 1, _-5 (Turkestan).]

Mr. Littledale is a well-known big-game hunter, and has presented to
the Musctum most valuable animals (cf. Rep. Mamm.,p. ). He has
also found time to collect a few interesting species of birds during his
travels.

Liverpool, University of.
See Rogısson, H. C.; RoyAL SocIETY.
VOL. II.

[80]
[>|

418 Zoologqy.

Livingstone (Dr.).
See Kırk, Sir J.

During his later explorations in Africa the great missionary traveller
did not collect any birds, but on the Zambesi expedition, when he was
accompanied by Sir John (then Dr.) Kirk, a considerable colleetion was
formed. This was described by the latter naturalist in a paper on tlıe
“Birds of the Zambesi Region ” (Ibis, 1864, pp. 307-838). Several new
species were discovered during the exptdition, and a fine new Touracou
was named Turacus livingstonei by G. R. Gray.

Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxxili., p. 384.

Lloyd (C. G.).
121 birds from Tasmania. Presented. [89. &. 12, 1-121.]

Lloyd (Colonel J. Hayes).

107 birds irom Kathiawar in North-western India and Matheran,
Bombay. [75. 6. 6, 98-204.)

Orateropus somervillei and Luscinola indica were new to the Muscum.

This collection, a most important one at the time, as coming from a
district then ornıtholo.ically unexplored, was described by Colonel Hayes
Lloyd in the “ Ibis” for 1873 (pp. 397-421) and 1874 (pp. 97, 98). He
presented specimens of O'yornis tickellie and C. jerdoni, proving that the
former was the female and the latter the male of the same species. Tlıis
difference in the colour of the sexes in the genus ('yornis had not been
suspected before, and led to a similar identification with other species of
the genus.

Colonel Lloyd described a new species of Green Barbet from Matheran
as Megalema sykesii (Ibis, 1873, p. 124). Ihe type of this species
is in the Tweeddale collection, and is referred by Captain Shelley to
Cyanops viridis (Bodd.), ü.e. Thereicery® viridis, Blautord, Faun. Brit.
Ind., Birds, iii., p- 389.

Tooat-(W. Las).

12 birds from the Pyrenees. Presented. [96. 8. 21, 1-12.]

22 birds from Egypt. Presented. [1905. 6. 4, 1-22.

Mr. Loat is an enthusiastic ornithologist, but is best known for his
important coliections of the Nile fishes (see Report, Fish Collections,
p-

Loder (Sir G.).

2 eggs of the Emeu (Dromzus nove hollandix). Presented. [94. 6.7,
1-2.]
Lodge (GeorGE E.).

9 Marsh Tits (Parus dresseri) from Surrey. Presented. [1901. 4. 8,
1-9.]

4 birds from Norway, Perthshire, and Hertfordshire. Presented.
[1904. 10. 21, 1-4.]

Mr. Lodge is the well-known artist, and is an excellent observer of
bird life, as may be recognised from his account of the Humming-Birds of
the West Indies (Ibis, 1896, pp. 496-519) and other ornitholo,;ical memoirs.

Loftus (WırLıam KeEnnErTT).

83 birds and eggs from the neighbourhood of Bagdad. Presented.
[53. 1. 6, 1-79, 44-98.]

Birds. 419

Mr. Kennett Loftus was a well-known archzologist and traveller.
He was geologist to the Turko-Persian Frontier Commission, 1849-1852
(ef. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxxiv., p. 80).

Londesborough (Earl of).

öl specimens of sea-birds (Herring Gulls, Guillemots, etc.) from
Flamborough Head. Presented. [87. 9. 8, 1-16; 87. 9. 10, 1-15.]

Lord (Jonn Keasr).
See BOUNDARY ÜoMMISSION, BRITISH N. AMERICAN,

137 birds and eggs from British Columbia and Vancouver Island.
Presented by the Foreign Office. [60. 2. 23, 1-106 ; 60. 11. 22, 1-131.]

435 birds, nests, and egss from British Columbia. Presented. [62.
12. 10, 1-37; 63. 1. 7, 1-398.]

T'he first collections were made by Mr. Lord during the time of his
employment as naturalist to the Boundary Commission. He seems to
have stayed in British Columbia alter the labours of the Commission were
over, and to have made further collections which he gave to the British
Museum (cf. his book, “ The Naturalist in Vancouver Island and British
Columbia,” 2 vols., 8vo, London, 1566).

Lovat (Lord).

See BLUNDELL, H. WELD.

Low (Sir Hucn).
See also HıGsıns.

5 specimens from the Sulu Archipelago. Presented. [76. 5.30, 1-5.]

These formed the types of my Oriolus suluensis (Cat. B., iii., p. 205),
a species now considered to be identical with O. chinensis, and Sarcops
lowi.

Sir Hugh Low was an active collector in all branches of natural
history during the many years which he spent in the Malay Archipelago
as Inspector at Labuan and afterwards as British Resident at Perak, at
which latter place he established the Museum. I described one of his
collections from Labuan in the * Proceedings’ for 1875, but owing to some
carelessness on the part of his agent, this consignment was handed over
to me as being all from Labuan, whereas a considerable portion of it was
from the mainland of Borneo, mostly from Lumbidan. Governor Ussher,
on being appointed to Labuan, made extensive collections on the island
itself and in the mainland, and in describing this series and anotber
made by Sir W.H. Treacher, I was able to give a more exact account
of the Avifauna of the island (cf. P.Z.S., 1379, pp. 317-354, pl. xxx.),
and to expunge from my previous list many hypothetical species.

Governor Ussher pays the following tribute to Sir Hugh Low :—
“Natural history in Borneo owes a large debt to him, and his name is
well known to science. His labours in every department of zoology and
botany, as well as his numerous excursions and travels in Borneo, and his
intimate acquaintance with the various tribes of the great island, make
him the foremost authority on all matters connected with that part of the
Malay Archipelago.”

Lowe (Dr. Percy R.).

3 birds from the West Indian Islands, two of which were new to the
collection (Spindalis salvini and Vireo bermudianus). Presented. [1904.
6. 6, 1-3.]

11 birds from Jamaica. Presented. [1904. 9. 13, 1-11.]

2E2

420 Zoology.

Lucas (W.).

45 birds from Obi Major. Purchased. [1900. 3. 1, 1-45.]
Carpophaga obiensis and Ptilonopus granulifrons were new to the
collection.

Lucas (W.).

A collector in the Eastern Transvaal, especially in the Rustenberg
district, where he obtained many interesting species. Several of his
skins are to be found in the Shelley and Seebohm collections.

Lundbkorg (H.).

9 mounted birds from Sweden. Purchased for the public gallery.
[97. 10. 17, 1-9.]

Mr. Lundborg is a celebrated Swedish taxidermist.

Lyall (Dr.).
See also STOKES, Capt.

7 eggs from New Zealand. Presented. [52. 1. 16, 10-16.]

137 birds from Vancouver Island and N.W. America. Presented.
[59. 1. 26, 1-91; 60. 8. 24, 9-34; 61. 8. 12, 1-20.]

He was attached as Surgeon to H.M.S. Plumper, and made quite an
interesting collection on Vancouver Island, in the Straits of San Juan
de Fuca, etc.

Lynes (Commander Huserr), R.N.
11 birds from Southern Spain. Presented. [1905. 8. 5, 1-11.]

MeBarnet (A. C.).
4 birds from Bahia. Presented. [1905. 8. 6, 1-4.]

McCaw (G.1.).
10 birds from the Zambesi. Presented. [1905. 8. 1, 1-10.]

McCleannan (J.).

Made large collections of birds in Panama, many specimens being
described by the late G. R. Lawrence. A good series are in the Salvin-
Godman collection (cf. Salvin, P.Z.S., 1867, pp. 129-161; 1870, pp.
175-219).

McClelland (Dr.).

See InpıA MusEuM (Pp. ):

MeConnell (FREDERIC VAVASOUR).

6 birds from British Guiana. Presented. [99. 12. 26, 14;
1900. 5. 4, 1; 1901. 11. 14, 1.]

Mr. McÜonnell discovered a new DBunting on the summit of
Mt. Roraima, which I named Zonotrichia macconnelli. He presented the
types of this species to the Museum, as well as that of a new species of
Piculet, Picumnus macconnelli (Sharpe, Bull. B.O.C., xii., p. 4, 1901).

He also presented to the Museum a skin of a Goshawk (Urospizias
jardinei, Gurney), of which no specimen was in the National Collection.
[1900. 5. 4,1] Only one other specimen was known, viz., the type in
the Norwich Museum, supposed to have come from New Caledonia.

Ru

Birds. 421

MeConnell (F. V.) and Quelch (J. J.).

546 birds from British Guiana. Presented. [95. 11. 28, 1-420;
97. 4.6,1-8; 98. 11. 21, 1-118.]

This fine collection was made in the neighbourhood of Georgetown,
Demerara, on the Essequibo River, and in the inland Savana country. It
contained several interesting forms ın spirits, such as Heliornis, etc., and
a good representative set of the low-country birds.

MceCormick (Dr. RoßeErr).

142 birds and eggs from the Falkland Islands and the Antarctic Seas.
Bequeathed. [90. 12. 13, 1-77; 91. 2. 15, 1-11; 91. 6. 16, 1-54.]

One morning in the year 1384, several of the oflicers of the Natural
History Museum were surprised at the sight of a little old man ascending
with quite an elastic step the staircase of the upper floor of the Museum
and disappearing into the Botanical Department. He belonged evidently
to a by-gone age. A rather broad-brimmed hat covered a very evident
wig, his neck was encircled by a high stock, his waistcoat was white and
very low, exposing a wide front of flannel shirt of the hues of a Scotch
plaid. His swallow-tail coat was of a dark blue with gilt buttons, and
his trousers were of a pronounced shepherd’s plaid. I was telling some
of my colleagues afterwards of the wonderful appearance of the old
gentleman I had seen, when a knock came at my door, and on opening
it, I found myself face to face with the individual in question. On his
introdueing himself as Dr. McCormick, I could not repress my astonish-
ment and told him that I thought he had been dead years ago. “ Yes,”
he replied, “I know I ought to have been, but I am not. Iam eighty-
four years of age, and I thought, before I died, I should like to see some
of the animals I shot when I was naturalist to the Hrebus and Terror,
as l am writing my memoirs.” This book appeared shortly after his visit.
I conducted the old veteran round the Bird-Gallery, where he recounted
how he had shot the Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) in the
Antarctice Ice-Pack with a rifle. The old gentleman did not manage to
visit the Museum again, but I used often to go and see him at his home,
Hecla Villa, Wimbledon, and I hope that I helped to cheer his last days,
when he was wonderfully interested in the tame white Duck which he
has immortalised in his book. At his death, as a votive offering to me, he
bequeathed his natural-history specimens tothe Museum. They consisted
of certain duplicates from the Antarctic expedition, which he had been
permitted to retain, but they had been sadly neglected for many years
and were nearly all moth-eaten. I was, however, able to keep a few
for the Museum. One of the most notable facts in connection with
Dr. McCormick’s specimens was that they were carefully labelled with
the date of capture, etc., but these particulars were seldom preserved by
the Museum authorities at the time.

During the Antaretic expedition, some specimens of a Great Skua
(Megalestris) were discovered, and these ultimately turned out to belong
to an undescribed species, which was named Megalestris maccormicki
by Mr. Howard Saunders (Cat. B, xxv., p. 321, pl. i.. Many
excellent notes on the habits of Antarctic birds from Dr. McCormick’s
pen have been published by Gould, and it seems somewhat sad that this
old hero should have been allowed to pass to his grave comparatively
forgotten by his country, for which he had done such sterling work.
His book, which appeared in 1884, bore the following title: “ Voyages of
Discovery in the Arctic and the Antarctic Seas and round the World,
being personal narratives of attempts to reach the North and South Pol: s,

422 Zoology.

and of an open boat expedition up the Wellington Channel in search
Sir John Franklin and Her Majesty’s ships ‘ Erebus’ and ‘Terror,’
Her Majesty’s boat ‘Forlorn Hope,’ under the command of the author
to which are added an autobiography, appendix, portraits, maps, and
numerous illustrations.” 2 vols., 8vo, vol. i., pp. xü, 412; vol. ii,
pp- xx, 482.

Cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xxxv., p. 11.

McFarlane (Rev. S.).

26 birds from British New Guinea. Purchased. [76. 6. 16, 1-13;
80. 3. 11, 1-13.]

Mr. McFarlane was one of the early pioneer missionaries in British
New Guinea, and interested himself in the natural history of the country.
An account of his collection was published by me in the Linnean Society’s
Journal, vol. xiii., pp. 79-83. Two species, Graucalus angustifrons
(=@. hypoleucus) and Zosterops albiventer, were described as new.

MacGillivray (J.).

14 birds from Cape York (Voyage of H.M.S. Rattlesnake, 1846-1850).
Presented. [51.1. 11, 1-14.]

Among these specimens were the types of three species described by
Gould, viz., Tanysiptera sylvia, Syma flavirostris, Chlamydodera cervini-
ventris, and of (alornis purpurascens, Gray.

16 birds from the Falkland Islands (Voyage of the Rattlesnake).
Presented. [51. 1. 29, 1-16.]

5 birds and 4 eggs from Moreton and Goose Islands (Voyage of the
Rattlesnake). Presented. [51. 4. 2, 1-9.]

13 birds from Cape York and the Louisiade Archipelago (Voyage of -
the Rattlesnake). Presented. [51. 10. 11, 1-13.]

The types of Ptilopus strophium, Gould, and Piezorkhynchus lucidus
(Gray) are in this collection.

14 birds from New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands, also from
Tristan d’Acunha (voyage of H.M.SS. Kattlesnake and Herald).
Presented. [56. 10. 14, 1-14.]

In this donation were included the types of Nesocichla eremita, Gould,
Ptilopus greyi, Gray, Columba hypoenochroa, Gould, Coryphsenas cerassi-
rostris, Gould, Lorius chlorocercus, Gould, Centropus milo, Gould,
Hirundo subfusca (=H. tahitica) (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 141), and
Tropidorhynchus lessoni, Gray.

MacGregor (Sir WıLLıam).

3 rare birds from British New Guinea (Paramythia montium and
Daphznositta miranda). [97. 4. 20, 1-4.]

MeGregor (R.C. S.).

10 birds from Battle Creek, California. Presented. [98. 12. 14,
1-10.]

McIlwraith, McEacharn and Co.

7 birds from Mt. Victoria, British New Guinea. Purchased.
[96. 1. 5, 1-7.]

A small selection from a New Guinea collection, offered to the
Museum by the above-named gentlemen, who are merchants in the City.
Since that date the colleetions have been acquired by the Tring Museum.
They have all contained specimens of value, and a Lorikeet has been
described by Mr. Rothschild as Cyelopsittacus macilwraithi.

Birds. 423

In the small collection acquired by the Museum were four species
new to the collection, two of them being new to science (Oreopsittacus
‚grandis, Grant, Melipotes atriceps, Grant (= M. fumigatus, Meyer).
Specimens of Paramythia montium, De Visand Amblyornis macgregorie,
De Vis (= A. inornatus, Schl.), were also added to the Museum
collection.

MeIntosh (DonaAun).
229 birds from Australia, mostiy from Victoria. Presented. [1900.
6. 11, 1-204 ; 1900. 6. 24, 1-25).

A well-known Australian sportsman, who presented some interesting
birds.

Mackinder (Prof. H. J.).

85 specimens from the Mackinder expedition to Mount Kenya.
Purchased. [1900. 1. 19, 1-85.]

For an account of Professor Mackinder’s Expedition, see the
“Geographical Journal” for 1900 (vol. xv., p. 453). 56 species were
obtained during the journey, which were described by me in my account
of the collection (P.Z.S., 1900, pp. 596-609). Four were new to science,
viz., Bubo mackinderi (pl. xliii.), Pinarochroa ernesti and Hyphantornis
camburni, Campothera huwusbergi; and a fifth species, Oisticola neumanni,
from the Settima Range, has been described by Dr. Hartert (Bull.
B.0.C., xii., p. 13, 1901). A Flycatcher which I at first identified as
Chloropeta interina turned out to be new, and I described it as (. kenya
(Bull. B.0.C.,xii.,p. 35). Laniarius abbotti was also new to the collection.

McKinlay (Dr. A.).

36 birds from the Malay Archipelago and the coast of China.
Presented. [82. 12. 1, 1-36.]

Dr. McKinlay was surgeon on board H.M.S. Mosguito during the
service ot this battleship.on the China station. He procured a specimen
of the rare Scops Owl (Pisorhina stictonota).

Macmillan (W.N.).

430 birds from the Baro and Sobat Rivers and Upper White Nile,
collected by Mr. Zaphiro. Presented. [1905. 12. 25, 1-430.]
Macpherson (J.).

One of Mr. Hume’s correspondents who sent him eggs from Mysore.
Majastre (A.).

‚See GERRARD, E.
Major (Dr. Forsyrn).

See RoYAL SocIETY.

A collection of birds and skeletons of birds from Madagascar. An
account of the expedition made by Dr. Forsyth Major and Mr. A. Robert
will be found in the “ Proceedings” of the Zoological Society for 1896
(pp. 971-0981). For a full account of his work cf. Hist. Coll., i.,
Geology, p. 309.

Maltzan (Baron H. von).

29 specimens from Haiti and San Domingo. Purchased. [89. 3. 27,
1-29.]
Man (E. H.).

6 egus of the Nicobar Megapode (Megapodius nicobariensis). Pre-
sented. [81. 7. 29, 19-24] (cf. Oates, Cat. Eggs Brit. Mus., i., p. 16).

424 Zoology.

Mandelli (L.).

13 birds from Sikhim. Presented. [78. 3. 29, 6-18.]

When I first began to work at the Museum, I found the series of
birds from our Indian Empire to be a very poor one, both as regards
the number of species and the condition of specimens, and I wrote to
Mandelli to bez for a few of the Flycatchers necessary for my work in
tie fourth volume of the “Catalogue ot Birds.” He promptly sent me
the 13 specimens recorded above, which were most useful at the time,
and added five species to the Museum, viz., Nitidula hodgsoni,
Muscicapula sapphira, Erythrosterna pusilla, Oyornis magnirostris, and
Ü. unicolor.

Mandelli employed a number of native collectors, and amassed a fine
series of birds from Sikhim, Native Sıkhim, the adjacent portions of Tibet,
and the Bhutan Dooars. So particular was he as to the condition of his
skins that he made a point of throwing away any which were not well
preserved. T'he unfortunate man ultimately took his own life, and his
collection was purchased by Mr. Allan Hume, and came to the British
Museum with the rest of the Hume collection in 1885. It was one of the
features of this wouderful donation.

Manning (General W. H.).

435 specimens of birds from Nyasa Land and the neishbouring
countries. Presented. [99. 1. 2, 1-26; 99. 3. 1, 1-148; 1900. 11. 12,
1-222; 1901. 6. 20, 1-33; 1901. 7. 5, 1-9.]

The good work begun in Nyasa Land by Sir Harry Johnston was
continued by General (then Colonel) Manning, who succeeded him as
H.B.M. Commissioner for British Oentral Africa. The collections sent by
General Manning were described by Capt. Shelley in the “ Ibis” for 1899
(pp. 281-283, 369, 564-580, pls. v., vi.; 1901, pp. 161-177, 586-549.
Chlorophoneus manningi is named after him (cf. Ibis, 1899, pp. 281-283,
364-350, pls. v., vi.), and other species, Lybius macclouni, Oisticola
alticola, aud Cypselus alfredi, were discovered by Mr. McÖloun and the
naturalists employed by General Manning.

Of. Who’s Who, 1905, p. 1067.

Mantell (Dr.), F.R.S.

10 specimens, including cast of the head of the Dodo, eggs and skulls
of Östrich and skeletons of other birds. Presented. [41.1. 12, 36, 38,39;
41.1. 14, 26,28; 41.1. 14, 36, 44, 57; 41.1. 17,2, 3.]

Of. Dict. Nat. Biogr , xxxvi., p. 99.

Mantell (Warter), Esq. [Son of the above.]

5 specimens from New Zealand. Purchased (through Mr. Gould).
[56. 5. 28, 1-5.]

The original example of Notornis mantelli was purchased on this
occasion. T'he history of the specimen is given by Mr. Gould in his
“ Handbook to the Birds of Australia” (vol. ü., pp. 576-579). The
types of Nestor notabilis, Gould, were also acquired at the same time.

A second specimen of Notornis in the Museum bears no register
number, but is said to have been procured bv Mr. Walter Mantell, and is
so chronicled by Sir Walter Buller (B. New Zealand, 1st ed., p. 192). The
two specimens were mounted by the late Mr. A. D. Bartlett, and were for
many years exposed in the public Bird Gallery. When the colleetions
were transferred to South Kensington from Bloomsbury they were removed
and placed in the bird-cabinets, where they are no longer exposed to the
risk of bleaching.

Birds. 4935

The type of Spatula variegata, Gould, was bought at the same time
(cf. Salvacdori, Cat. B., xxvii., p. 314).
Maries (C.).
, 46 birds from China and Japan. Purchased. [80. 2. 27, 1-46.]
This collection added a specimen of Ampelis phenicoptera to the
collection.
14 mounted specimens from Gwalior. Presented. [91. 6. 20, 1-14.]
These birds were beautifully mounted by Mr. Maries, when he was
Curator to the Gwalior Museum.

Markham (Admiral A. H.).

10 specimens of eggs from Novaya Zemlya. Presented. [79. 11.15,
1-10.]

Some of these eggs were very interesting, especially those of the
Glaucous Gull (Zarus glaucus), ete.

Marsden (Mr. Hereerr).

20 embryos and nestlings of Fulmar Petrels and other St. Kilda birds.
Purchased. [99. 7. 11, 1-20.]

Marshall (Colonel C. H. T.).

37 specimens, chiefly from the Himalayas. Presented. [78. 3.11,
1-19; 78. 5. 4, 7-24.]

10 specimeus from Chamba, N. W. Himalayas. Presented. [84. 7. 22,
1-10.]

Includes the type of the new Monaul (Lophophorus chambanus), now
believed to be merely a variety of the common species, L. refulgens.

Marshall (Guy A. K.).

41 specimens of birds from Mashonaland. Presented. [96. 3. 15,
1-35 ; 1900. 2. 20, 5-10.]

Eldest son of Colonel C. H. T. Marshall, and a first-rate naturalist and
collector. He has done some very extensive work with South African
Lepidoptera, and has written a very interesting paper on the Birds of
Mashonaland (Ibis, 1900, pp. 221-270). The collections presented by
Mr. Guy Marshall contained several interesting species hitherto supposed
to be confined to S.W. Africa.

Martin (Dr. Henry C.).
Two curious grey varieties of the Rook (Trypanocorax frugilegus)
From Wiltshire. Presented. [1902. 7.8, 1-2. |

Meade-Waldo (E. G. B.).

60 birds from the Atlas Mountains, Marocco, including the types of
Parus atlas, Motacilla subpersonata and Cotile mauritanica. Presented.
[1904. 4. 12, 1-60.]

A skeleton of Bubo ignavus from Norway. Presented. [1904. 6. 24, 1.]

An egg of Syrnium wralense, laid in confinement. Presented. [1905.
6-21, 1.

450 ee from the Canary Islands, etc. Presented. [1905. 12. 23,
1-450.]

Mears (Capt. A.).

116 birds from the Upper Chindwin River. Presented. [1903. 12. 4,
1-104; 1903. 12. 11, 1-12.]

340 birds from the Upper Chindwin River, Burma. Presented.
[1904. 12. 6, 1-7 ; 1904. 12. 12, 1-333; 1905. 9. 24, 1-200.]

426 Zoology.

Meek (A. S.).
‚See GERRARD.

Mr. Albert Meek has been one of the band of naturalists who have
collected for the Hon. Walter Rothschild in Papuasia and North
Australia. In company with his brother-in-law Mr. Eickhorn, he has
carried out some surprisingly successful expeditions, which are recorded in
the following papers in the “ Novitates Zoologie ” by the Hon. Walter
Rothschild and Dr. Hartert: vol. ii., 1895, p. 61 (Fergusson Island);
iii., 1896, pp. 233-251 (Fergusson, Trobriand, Egum, Wovdlark Islands);
v., 1898, pp. 521-532 (Sudest Island) ; vi., 1899, pp. 76-84 (Rossel Island),
206-217 (St. Aignan Island), 423-428 (Cape York); viii., pp. 179-189
(Kulambangra, Florida Islands, Solomon Archipelago); pp. 373-382
(Guadalcanar) ; ix., pp. 581-594, pls. vii.-ix. (Isabel Island), xiii., pp. 244-
268 (Solomon Island).

Meinertzhagen (Dan).

77 skeletons and birds in spirits. Presented. [98. 5. 7, 1-77.]

Of allthe young naturalists whom I have known, Dan Meinertzhagen
was certainly one of the most promising, and his early death was a real
misfortune for ornithological science. 1 have seen his MSS. written when
a boy at Harrow, and they not only show an extraordinary method of
observation, but are accompanied by drawings far above the usual school-
boy level. He was particularly interested in the Accipitres, of which he
kept a fine collection of living exanıples at his father’s residence at Mottis-
font Abbey. He had also a very good collection of eggs, and had besun
to travel in pursuit of ornithological knowledge, making a successful
expedition into Lapland in company with Mr. R. P. Hornby. Had he
lived he would no doubt have risen to very high rank as a scientific
observer. “Bird Life in an Arctic Spring,” London, 1899, 8vo (pp.
xxxiv., 150, pls. 27) gives his diary of his Lapland expedition, wıth an
interesting memoir of the author by his mother.

Menzbier (Professor M.).

168 birds from Turkestan, collected by the late Dr. Severtzow, and
purchased through Professor Menzbier [90. 3. 8, 1-168.]

This collection added largely to our Palzarctic series. (helidon
lagopus and Cynchramus polaris were new to the Museum.

529 specimens of Paride. Purchased. [1901. 5. 4, 1-529.]

This was the private collection of Professor Menzbier, who had
intended to write a monograph of the Paridz or family of Tits.
Finding that his duties at the University of Moscow had so much
increased that there was little hope of his being able to write his intended
monograph, he offered his collection to the Trustees of the British
Museum, who thus acquired a beautiful series of the Pal®aretie species,
including four which were previously unrepresented in the National
Collection, with Remiza macronyx, Lophobasileus elegans, ete., and types
of Parus songarus, P. afinis, P. superciliosa and Acredula atronuchalis.
As the eishth volume of the “ Catalocue of Birds,” notoriously defective
and out of date, is about to be re-written, this collection of Paride will
be found to be of immense service.

Merlin (Consul C. W.L.).

58 birds from Greece and Asia Minor. Presented. [43. 7. 8, 1-27
45. 5. 28, 1-13; 65. 8. 18, 1-18.]
Mr. Merlin was for many years H.B.M. Consul at Athens, and was a

Birds. 427

rsonal friend of Dr. Krüper, with whom be made several expeditions.
He sent many interesting bırds to the Museum.

Merriam (Dr. C. Harr).

9 birds from Locust Grove, New York. Presented. [84. 10. 6, 1-9.]

Dr. Hart Merriam is now the chief of the Division of Biological Survey
in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, and under his administration some
admirable work has been done, as may be seen in the “North American
Fauna,” which is published under his direction. On assuming his
appointment in the U.S. Agricultural Department he save up the special
study of ornithology, in order to devote his whole time to the duties of his
important position. His collection of birds, mostly from Locust Grove,
the Adirondack Mountains, and other distriets of the State of New York,
passed into the hands of his friend, Mr. H. W. Henshaw, and formed an
important part of the great Heushaw collection presented to the '['rustees
by Dr. F. D. Godman (vide antea, p. ).

Meves (W.).

131 birds from Sweden. Purchased. [74.1.1,1-99; 74. 1. 25, 1-32.]

Meves was one of the best taxidermists of his age, and certainly one of
the best collectors. He was a great friend of Sundevall and Wahlberg,
the latter of whom named a Glossy Starling Lamprotornis mevesi,* from
Damara Land. One of my first thoughts on being appointed to the
Museum was to get together a good collection of Swedish birds, as being
the typical species described by Linn»us. I therefore applied to my old
correspondent, Meves, from whom I had had much help when compiling
the “ Birds of Europe,” and he sent over a nice series of the common birds
of Sweden, in various stages of plumage.

Meyer (Dr..A.B.).
‚See GERRARD.

The Museum was able to acquire a few duplicate specimens from
Dr. Meyer’s celebrated expedition t0 New Guinea and the Moluccas. A
few more were received with the Gould collection.

Miles (Colonel).

66 birds from Muscat. Presented. [85. 11. 5,1-52; 85. 11. 7, 1-14.]

This collection created a great deal of interest amongst ornithologists
on its arrival at the British Museum, coming as it did from a locality on
the borderland between the Indian and Palsarctic regions. This
interesting fact is emphasized by the occurrence of a new Eagle Owl,
Bubo milesi, allied to the African forms of Bubo, and a Bee-eater, Merops
muscatensis, which finds its nearest ally in M. viridis of India and
M. cyanophrys of Aden. "Ihe collection was described by me in the
* Ibis’ for 1888 (pp. 162-168, pl. vi.).
Milne (Professor).

See JANSoN, E. W.
When studying volcanic action in Japan, Professor Milne sent home

some collections of animals which were offered to the British Museum,
and we obtained some interesting birds.

* The English name for this bird must be Meves’ Starling, not Meve’s
Starling, as given in the “ Fauna of S. Africa,” Birds, i., p. 32.

428 Zoology.

Milner (Capt. W. H.).

43 birds from Central and South America. Presented. [91. 10. 9,
1-25 ; 95. 3. 10, 1-8; 96. 4. 3, 1-10.]

Captain Milner was in command of one of the steamers of the Royal
Mail Steam Packet Company, and sometimes found time to shoot a few
sea-birds, such as Frigate-birds, ete., which he brought home in the freezing
chamber of the vessel.e. The Museum thus procured some interesting
species of birds suitable for mounting in the Public Gallery, and for
niaking into good skeletons.

Miramende (Mr.).

2 specimens of Uratelornis chimera, the Long-tailed Ground-Roller
of Madagascar. Purchased. [1902. 12. 10, 1-2.]

Mitchell (Sir Tuomas).

212 birds and 14 eggs from Australia. Presented. [39. 8. 2,
101-128; 42. 7. 4, 1-27; 47. 8. 14, 48-164.]

Mochler-Ferryman (Capt. A. F.).

20 specimens from Shonga, Upper Nigeria. Presented. [90. 3. 23,
1-20.)
Of. his book, “ Up the Niger,” 1892, App. Birds, p. 310.

Moloney (Sir ALrren), K.C.M.@.

23 birds from the Gold Coast. Presented. [83. 10. 22, 1-23.]

5 birds from Lagos. Presented. [90. 2. 7, 1-5.]

Sir Alfred Moloney was successively Steretary to the Gold Coast,
Administrator of the Gambia, and afterwards of Lagos, and took great
interest in the natural history ot the dependencies over which he ruled.
He also made a good collection of Senegambian birds for Captain Shelley
this has passed with the Shelley collection into the British Museum.

Of.“ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 1075.

Monteiro (JoacHım J.).

179 birds from Angola and Benguela. [73. 12. 10, 1-179.]

Monteiro was a great personal friend of my own, and he was one of
the most clever and amiable men I have ever met. His wife, who was
an accomplished musician, was also a born naturalist and an excellent
collector, and shared with her husband all the difficulties and discomforts
connected with a life in the wilds of Africa. Monteiro was one of the
first of our British naturalists to visit Angola, and his collections were
described by Dr. Hartlaub in the ‘ Proceedings’ of the Zoological Society
for 1860, pp. 109-112, pl. elxi.; 1565, pp. 86-96, pls. iv.-vi.; cf. also
Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1870, pp. 142-150, pl. xiii.; and the ‘Ibis’ for 1862,
pp- 933-342, pl.xi. There were many new forms, and for a long time Mon-
teiro was unwilling to part with his collection ; but in 1873 he yielded to
my entreaties and offered it to the T'rustees, whereby the Museum became
possessed of the types of many interesting species: Ortygometra ango-
lensis, Hartl. (= Orecopsis egregia, Peters; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,xxiii., p. 81),
Otis pieturata, Hartl. (= Heterotetraw rüppelli, Wahlberg ; cf. Sharpe,
t.c, p. 29), Ahinoptilus bisignatus, Asturinula meridionalis, Lophoceros
monteiri (Hartl.), Toccus elegans, Hartl. (=Lophoceros elegans, Grant,
Cat. B., xvii., p. 415), Upupa decorata, Hartl. (= U. africana, Bechst.;
cf. Salvin, Cat. B., xvi., p. 14), Caprimulgus fulviventris, Hartl., Hirundo
monteiri, Hartl., Platysteira albifrons, Sharpe, Muscicapa lugens, Hartl.,
Pyenonotus tricolor, Hartl., Aethocichla gymnogenys, Hartl., Laniarius

Birds. 429

monteiri, Sharpe, Dryeoscopus guttatus, Hartl, D. angolensis, Hartl.,
Nectarinia chalcea, Hartl. (= (innyris cupreus, Shaw), Vidua decora,
Hartl., Hyphantornis xanthops, Hartl., Pytelia monteiri, Hartl., Certhi-
lauda benguellensis, Sharpe.

Obituary Notice, Ibis, 1578, p. 208.

Moore (F.).

See HoRSFIELD, Dr., and Inpra Museum, LoxDon.

Mr. Frederic Moore was born May 13th, 1830, at the house of the
Zoological Society, 33, Bruton Street, his parents being the Office- and
House-keeper to the Society; these duties being continued by them at
the Society’s House and Museum in Leicester Square, Pall Mall, and at 11
Hanover Square. His school days were spent at the Academy of Mr. w.
Chambers, F.Z.S., in Castle Street, Leicester Square, which he left in 1845.
He then went as Entomological Assistant to the Rev. F. W. Hope, at his
Museum in Upper Seymour Street. In 1848 he was appointed Assistant
to Dr. T. Horsfield, in the Museum of the East India Company in
Leadenhall Street, and, after the abolition of the Company, he filled the
duties of Assistant-Curator and Zoological Superintendent of the India
Museum till its transference to the Crown, in 1880, when he retired on a
pension from the Indian Government. From 1880 he fulfilled the Office
of Entomologist in the Economic Section of the Science and Art Museum
at the branch in Bethnal Green, till the abolition of this Section in 1883.
From 1881 to 1837, he compiled and published the three vols. of the
“ Lepidoptera of Ceylon,” and from the latter year to the present (1905)
has also prepared and published six vols. of the “Lepidoptera Indica.”
In 1893 he received the Honorary Degree of D.Sc. from the University of
Pennsylvania.

Moore (SPENCER).

25 eggs of Brazilian birds. Presented. [1900. 8. 19, 1-28.]
Morcom (G. Frean).

82 specimens of birds from California. Presented. [87.1. 27, 1-82.]

The type of Colinus ridgwayi is included in this collection.
Moreno (Dr. F. P.).

242 birds from the Argentine Republic. Presented. [99.1. 27, 1-242.]

Dr. Moreno was one of the Commissioners of the Chili-Argentina
Boundary Settlement. The collection which he gave to the Museum was
prineipally from the Salta district, and contained a number of interesting
species, among them being a new Dove (Gymnopelia morenoi, Sharpe,
Bull. B.0.C., xii., p. 54, 1902).
Morgan (Rev. CuanceLLor A.).

3 birds from Monmouthshire. Presented. [73. 12. 6, 1-3.]

Chancellor Morgan was a friend of Dr. Günther, and sent specimens
for the collection.
Morrogh (Dr. A. McCarrtny).
3 Er birds from Uganda, British East Africa. Presented. [1902. 7. 30,
Moseley (E. L.).

73 specimens from the Philippine Islands, Purchased. [90. 9. 9
1-25; 91. 4. 25, 1-48.] ;
$ a specimens from the Philippine Islands. Exchanged. [90. 12, 1a

430 Zoology.

Mr. Moseley was one of the band of naturalists who joined the
celebrated expedition of Prof. J. B. Steere to the Philippine Archipelago
(vide infra, p. )and alterwards took part in the Mearns expedition to
the same group.

In the above purchases were numerous species new to the Museum :
Chrysocolaptes samarensis, Centropus mindorensis, Cranorhinus waldeni,
Loriculus worcesteri, L. mindorensis, L. siquijorensis, (eyx fluminieola,
C. malamaui, and the type of Ceyx bournsi, Graucalus mindorensis,
Edoliisoma panayensis, Jole siquijorensis, I. mindorensis, Irena elle,
Arachnothera philippinensis, Zeocephus cinnamomeus, Maeronus minda-
mensis, Abrornis olivacea, Diezum besti, Cinnyris guimarasensis, Orypto-
lopha nigrorum, Sarcophanops sumarensis, Ptiloeichla basilanice, Mixornis
nigricapitatus, and Oittocincla cebuensis.

Mougel ( Y
A correspondent of Edward Hargitt, in whose collection are many
specimens from the Vosges Mountains obtained by Mougel.

Moulden (E. S.).

37 eggs of birdsfrom Adelaide, South Australia. Presented. [1900. 5. 21,
1-9; 1900. 5. 25, 1-28.]
Munt (H.).

77 specimens of birds from Australia. Presented. [96. 4. 8, 1-77.]

Murray (A.).
See also Ross, B. R.

40 birds from Fort Simpson, W. Canada, collected by B. R. Ross.
Presented. [61. 7. 9, 1-40.]

Murray (Sir Joun), K.O.B.

152 specimens of birds’ nests and eggs from Christmas Island, Indian
Ocean. Presented. [97. 12. 15, 1-36; 98. 9. 16, 1-88; 98.9. 21, 1-10;
98. 9. 27, 1-18.]

Sir John Murray supplied the funds for a scientifie exploration of
Christmas Island, and Dr. Andrews, of the British Museum, was the
naturalist selected. 'T'he results of this very successful expedition are set
forth in a memoir published by the Trustees: “ A Monograph of Christmas
Island (Indian Ocean),” London, 1900, 8vo, Aves, pp. 37-50, pls. iii.-vi.

Museums.
See AUSTRALIAN (pP. ), AZORES (p. ), BRUSSELS (p. ),
CALCUTTA (p. ); SALANGORE (Pp. ), SOUTH AFRICAN
(pP. ) WEST AUSTRALIAN (p. ).

Musters (J. P. CuaworTH).
5 specimens of birds from Spain and Norway. Presented. [1902.
3. 26, 1-5.]

Nelson (E. W.).

A very celebrated American field-naturalist, who has done most
excellent collecting work in Alaska (ef. “ Oruize of the Corwin”), and
especially in Mexico for the U.S. Biological Survey. Many specimens
from his Alaska expedition were in the Henshaw collection.

Neroutcheff (D.).
7 specimens from Baku, Caspian Sea, including specimens of Anser
rhodorhynchus and Dranta ruficollis. Exchanged. [1902. 8. 15, 1-7.]

Birds. 451

Newnes (Sir GEORGE), Bart.

186 birds and eggs from Victoria Land. Presented. [1901. 1. 5,
1-64; 1901. 1. 7, 1-104; 1901. 2. 5, 1-6; 1901. 12. 1, 1-12. ]

This is the collection made by the late Nikolai Hanson and Mr. Huch
Evans on the expedition of the Southern Cross, and described in the
“ Report on the collections of Natural History” from that voyage (Aves,
pp- 106-172, pls. vii.-x.), published by the Trustees in 1902.

Newton (Professor ALFRED), F.R.S.

21 specimens from the islands of St. Thomas and St. Croix in the
West Indies. Presented. [59. 3. 25, 7-27.]

An account of ihe birds collected in St. Croix by Professor Newton
and his brother, Sir Edward Newton, is published in the ‘Ibis’ for 1859
(pp- 59-69, pl. i., 138-150, 252-264, 365-379, pl. xii.).

For the scientifie work of this celebrated British omithologist, see
“Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1186, from which publication I have extracted
the following notes :—

Professor Newton was a Travelling Fellow of Magdalene College,
Cambridge, 1854-63, visiting Lapland, Iceland, West India Islands, and
North America; re-elected Fellow, 1877 ; in 1864 accompanied Mr. (now
Sir) Edward Birkbeck to Spitsbergen ; brought the subject of Bird Pro-
tection before British Association, 1868; for several years Chairman of
the Close-time Committee, during which time were passed the first three
Acts of Parliament for Protection of Birds, especial attention to expiring
faunas of Mascarene and Sandwich Islands; Chairman many years of
British Association Migration of Birds Committee; has been Vice-
President of the Royal and (frequently) Zoological Society ; President of
Cambridge Philosophical Suciety; awarded gold medal of Linnean Society,
and one of the Royal medals adjudged by the Royal Society, 1900.
Publications: “ I’he Zoolozy of Ancient Europe,” 1862; “ The Ornithology
of Iceland” (Appendix to Mr. Baring-Gould’s work on that island, 1863);
“Ootheca Wolleyana,” 1864-1902; “Aves in the Record of Zoological
Literature ” (vols. i.-vi.); “ Zoology,” 1874 (2nd ed., 1894); “ Birds of
Greenland ” (Arctic Manual, 1875); “A Dictionary of Birds ” (1893-96) ;
numerous contributions to scientific journals and articles in “ Encyelo-
psdia Britannica,” 9th ed.; editor of the “Ibis,” new series, 1865-70;
“The Zoological Record,” 1870-72; “ Yarrel’s British Birds” 4th ed.,
vols. i. ii., 1871-82.

Nicoll (MicHAeL J.)

An enthusiastic young observer who has accompanied the Earl of
Crawford’s voyages round the world, as naturalist on board the Valhalla
(1902-3) (1903-4) (1905-6). He was born at Bepton in Sussex in 1880,
and takes great interest in the birds of his native county.

See CRAWFORD, Earl of.

Nicholson (Francıs).

31 birds from Heligoland. Presented. [76. 11. 28, 1-31.]

Mr. Nicholson is a very zealous ornithologist, and formed one of our
party when I accompanied Mr. Seebohm on his well-known journey to
Helisoland (cf. ‘ Ibis,’ 1877, pp. 156-165).

69 birds from Abeokuta, West Africa. Presented. [77.11.25, 1-69.]

I'hese birds were collected by Mr. Robin and were described by
Mr. Nicholson in the “ Proceedings” of the Zoological Society in 1878
(pp. 128-131, pl. x.). Zstrilda sharpei was described as new: it has

432 Zoology.

since been found to be identical with Estrilda capistrata, and should be
called Pytelia capistrata (Hartl.) (ef. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 390, note).

18 birds from Cape Palmas, Queensland, etc. Presented. [77. 12. 6,
1-18.

in birds and nests from Java, collected by Dr. H. O. Forbes.
Presented. [78. 10. 21, 1-121; 82. 9. 26, 1-17.] Includes the type of
Zosterops buxtoni (=Z. aureiventer ; ef. Cat. B., ix., p. 165).

Dr. Forbes’ Javan collection was described by Mr. Nicholson in the
“ Ibis” for 1879 (pp. 164-171, 1882, pp. 66-71.)

11 birds from Sumatra, collected by Dr. H. O. Forbes. Presented.
[83. 2. 19, 1-11.] (ef. Nicholson, Ibis, 1882, pp. 51-65). Hemixus
sumatranus and Zosterops chlorates were new to the collection.

Nisbett (Capt. W. G.).

15 specimens of Silver Pheasants from the Kachin Hilis in Upper
Burma. Presented. [1902. 11. 9, 1-15.]

Included the type of Gennzus nisbetti, Oates, Ibis, 1903, p. 99.

Nix (CHARLES).

44 birds from China. Presented. [1904. 12. 1, 1-44.]
Nixon (Miss).

23 birds from California. Presented. [1905. 8. 11, 1-23.]
Noble (Hrartey).

6 specimens of the rare Duck, Elasmonetta chlorotis, from New
Zealand. Presented. [99. 10. 17, 1-6.]

2 specimens of White’s Thrush (Oreocichla varia) with nest. Presented.
[1900. 5. 7, 1-2.]

These are the specimens exhibited in the nesting series, Group No. 26.

25 embryos of birds in spirit. Presented. [1900. 8. 10, 8-32.)

4 specimens of the Steamer-Duck (Tachyeres cinereus), from the
Falkland Islands. Presented. [1900. 11. 30, 1-4.]

7 birds from Southern Spain. Presented. [1901. 7. 17, 1-7.]

Nordvi ( )-

Many specimens of eggs collected by Nordvi are in the Seebohm
collection. His name frequently occurs in Pleske’s “ Kola Halb-Insel.”

Norman (G. C.).

6 eggs of British birds, from Bristol. Presented. [86. 6. 15, 1-6.]

Mr. Norman was for some years a volunteer assistant in the Bird
Room, and was a great help in registering and incorporating our acces-
sions. He wrote a paper “On the Geographical Distribution of the
Crested Cuckoos (Coceystes), in the ‘Ibis’ for 1888, pp. 396-409, and
described a new species, Ü. caroli.

North (A. J.).

98 eggs from Australia. Presented. [1905. 5. 21, 1-98.]

Born in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, of English parents, Alfred
John North exhibited in his earliest years an inborn taste for ornithology.
During his school-days, the nucleus was formed of his large private
collection. Visits were made to the National Museum, Melbourne, where
he occasionally met the Director, the late Sir Frederick McCoy, but more
frequently (owing to Sir Frederick’s professorial and other duties) the
late Mr. William Kershaw, and the late Mr. Jobn Leadbeater, who

Birds. 433

respectively had charge of the Entomological and Ornithological depart-
ments. In August 1878, he spent that month in the fern-gullies and
hills of the Strzelecki Ranges in South Gippsland. The ruthless act of
the selector and bushn-fires had then but barely touched one of Nature’s
fairest domains, the home of the Giant Fern and towering Eucalyptus,
the latter ranking among the tallest trees in the world. I'he locality was
rich in bird-life, and a fair representative collection of bird-skins and eges
was made during this and many succeeding visits to the same district.
Ptilotis cassidix and Pyenoptelus floccosus were amongst the most common
birds there, and the nest and ergs of the latter species were discovered.
In 1880 he became one of the original members of 'he Field Naturalists’
Club of Victoria, and, though absent from that State for the past
eighteen years, still remains an active member. Since 1878 he had been
corresponding with Dr. E. P. Ramsay, Curator of the Australian Museum,
Sydney, from whom he received many valuable hints as to the proper
mode of collecting birds and their eggs, their correct identification and
nomenclature, and the importance of making full notes relative to their
habits. This information was supplemented by exchanges of specimens
from Dr. Ramsay’s private collection at Dobroyde. At intervals, until
September 1886, collecting-trips were made, principally to the Ballarat and
south-western distriets of Victoria, South Gippsland, and Western Port.
All the sets of eggs from Victoria and New South Wales sent to the late
Mr. Phillip Crowley, and now in the British Museum, as well as others
presented direct to the Trustees of the latter institution, were personally
taken by him.

Mr. North then left Victoria, to arrange the Dobroyde collection for
Dr. Ramsay, with the further intention of proceeding to Cairns, in North-
eastern Queensland, to join a relative who had spent the two preceding
years in that distriet, and who from time to time had forwarded him
specimens of bird-skins, eggs, and insects. It was, however, decided
otherwise. After a stay of five months in Sydney, arranging at his
leisure the Dobroyde collection, and subsequently the collection of birds’
eggs in the Australian Museum, he was asked in February 1897 by
the Trustees of the latter institution to undertake the preparation of a
Catalogue. This he did, and it was published in 1899 under the title of
“ Descriptive Catalogue of the Nests and Eggs of Birds found breeding in
Australia and Tasmania.” Later on he was appointed to assist the
Curator, Dr. Ramsay, principally in the preparation of the “ Catalogue of
Australian Birds in the Australian Museum.” In company with Dr.
Ramsay, collecting-expeditions were made to different parts of the State.
In addition to obtaining birds and eggs, in 1888 he made large collections
of Silurian fos-ils at Lilydale, and Tertiary fossils at Muddy Creek and
Schnapper Point, Victoria, and in the following year of Permo-carboni-
ferous fossils at Gerringong and Crooked River, New South Wales, On
the 4th Auzust, 1891, he was appointed to the posıtion he now holds, as
Ornithologist, in the Australian Museum. In 1896-7 he visited the
inland plains between Narrabri and Moree, and northward to the neigh-
bourhood of the Queensland border, making a collection of birds, nests,
and esgs, a short trip being made in the following year to the Upper
Clarence River District.

His official duties keeping him for the most part in town, he has
chosen for residence outlying suburbs, where he has made himself
thoroughly acquainted with the habits and nidification of each bird,
and, where possible, has studied the life history of a species. Thus five
years were spent at Dobroyde and Ashfield, lour more on the outskirts of

VOL. II. DE

434 Zoology.

Canterbury and Croydon, and seven years at Chatswood and Roseville.
The latter is beautifully timbered, with scrub and heath-lands in places,
‚Intersected with creeks and ravines leading to Middle Harbour, and is
likely to remain a delishtful hunting ground for the ornithologist for
many years to come. 'T'he results of his labours have chiefly appeared in
his many contributions to the “ Proceedings of the Linnean Society of
New South Wales,” the “ Records of the Australian Museum,” and the
“Sydney Town and Country Journal” (the latter anonymous) ; to a less
extent in “The Victorian Naturalist,” the “ Proceedings of the Zoological
Society ” (London), “ The Ibis,” and kindred publicativus. Not forgetting
the “ Descriptive Catalogue” previously referred to, among his other more
important contributions to ornithological literature are the “ Aves of the
Horn Scientific Expedition to Uentral Australia,” published in 1896, and
a “List of Birds collected by the Calvert Exploring Expedition in Western
Australia,”* published in the “ Proceedings of the Royal Society of South
Australia” for 1898, the field notes being supplied in both instances by
that indefatigable collector, Mr. G. A. Keartland.

The work on which Mr. North is now engaged, and of which four Parts
and an Index forming Volume I. have been publi:hed by the Trustees of
the Australian Museum, is “ Special Catalogue No. L” His life-histories
of Khipidura albiscapa, Micrzca fascinans, Gerygone albigularis, Malurus
lumberti, and Origma rubricata, show what can be done by daily
observation, under favourable auspices, and in the neighbourhood uf a
large eity. Especial attention has also been paid to the family of Bower-
birds (Ptilonorhynchid&) in the work, which is freely illustrated with
drawings of birds and photographs of nests, mostly taken in situ by the
author.

Northbourne (Lord).
A specimen of Baillon’s Crake (Porzana bailloni) from Deal. Pre-
sented. [1905, 10. 10, 1.]

Northeott (Colonel H. P.).

55 birds from Gambaga in the Gold Coast Hinterland, West Africa.
Presented. [99. 9. 20, 1-55.)

A list of Colonel Northevtt’s collection was published by me in the
“ Bulletin” of the British Ornithologists’ Club for 1899 (pp. vi., vii.).
Amiongst other interesting species obtained by him was ZLundus
gubernator, Hartl., previously only known from Equatorial Africa. In the
same number of the “ Bulletin ” some new species from Gambaga were
described by Dr. Hartert from Captain Giffard’s collection (£.c., p. v.; id.,
Nov. Zuvol., VI., pp. 402-403). Colonel Northeott was at a moment’s
notice despatched from England to join Lord Methuen’s staff on the
Moiider River, and was ki:led almost immediately on his arrival.

(Cf. Sharpe, Bull. B.0.C., x., p. xxvi.)

Nurse (Capt. C. G.).
53 birds from Aden and Somali Land. Exchanged. [96. 2. 18, 1-53.]
Captain Nurse made some interesting collections, principally of
Lepidoptera, but the Museum also received some birds from him, among
them being our first speeimens of the Somali-Land Sparrow (Passer
castanopterus).

* Proc. Roy. Soc. South Austr., vol. xxii., p. 125 (1898).

nr er NE

Birds. 4535

Oates (EuGEnE W.).

67 birds from Burma. Purchased. [82. 1. 9, 1-67.] Among other
interesting species, the Burmese Merlin (Poliohierax insignis) was added
to the Museum collection.

62 nests and sterna of Burmese birds. Presented. [82. 1. 16, 1-31;
82. 1. 17, 1-31.]

1562 specimens of Burmese birds. Purchased. [82. 1. 20, 1428;
85. 4. 17, 1-9; 88. 8. 18, 1-49.]

A splendid series of Pelicans, and 34 species new to the collection,
were acquired on this occasion.

610 eggs of Burmese birds. Presented. [82. 3. 20, 1-393; 84. 10. 2,
1-198; 85. 7. 21, 199-218. ]

99 specimens from the Shan States. Presented. [91. 3. 15, 1-13;
94. 7. 3, 1-86.]

The first scientific collections received by the Museum from Burma.
Graculipica fuscogularis, Salvad., was new to the National Collection,
but the specimen was afterwards referred to @. burmanica by Mr. Oates
(“Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds,’ i., p. 535). Pomatorkinus imberbis, Salvad.,
was new to the Museum, as also the type of Ixulus elarki, Oates.

Mr. Oates was an oflicer in the Public Works Department in Burma,
and rose to the highest positions in this branch of the Service. In his
leisure moments he devoted himself to the study of natural history, and
it is as a naturalist that he will always be known to fame. No more con-
scientious worker has ever lived, and his “Birds of British Burma,” and
the first two volumes of the “ Aves” in the “Fauna of British India,” are
models of what such books should be. His influence on the history of
zoology has been great, and his work is held in hish esteem by all
ornithologists. His recent illness, which has compelled him to fore go the
eompletion of the “Catalogue of Birds’ Eggs in the British Museum,” of
which he wrote the first two volunıes, has been much regretted by all his
colleagues in the British Museum.

Oates (Frank).
See OATES, W. E. and C. G.

Oates (W.E. and C. G.).

350 birds from Matabele Land. Presented [79. 9. 7, 1-350.]

This collection was made by Mr. Frank Oates, the brother of the
donors, and was described by me in the Appendix to “ Matabele Land
and the Victoria Falls” (8vo, London, 1881), App., pp. 294-328, pls.
A,B. Bradyornis oatesi and Sawicola shelleyi were described as new, but
the latter species of Chat is now considered to be a Thamnolea (cf. Sharpe,
Handl., iv., p. 170). Frank Oates was a most enthusiastic sportsman and
naturalist, and would have done much good ornithological work, had his
life been prolonged. He died during his journey back from the Zambesi.

Ogilvie (F. Menteıth).
28 specimens of Game-birds from Argylishire. Presented. [91. 12. 24,
1-28.]

Ogilvie-Grant (W.R.).
See also Barıng, Hon. Cecın ; and Forges, Dr. H.O.; Reıp, Capt.
G. SavıLE; RoTHscHILD, Hon. WALTER.
59 birds and eggs from Crieff, Perthshire. Presented. [84. 5. 16,
1-10; 84. 6. 3, 1-6; 97. 11. 6, 1-43.]
272

436 Zoology.

S birds from Bournemouth. Presented. [89. 2. 27, 1-87.]

27 birds from Banfishire. Presented. [89. 10. 1, 1-27.]

82 birds from Madeira and the Desertas. Presented. [90. 5. 7, 1-82.]

Among many other interesting species, a new Sparrow Hawk, Aceipiter
granti, was described by me.

10 specimens of Shags and Cormorants from Cromarty. Presented.
[97. 5. 14, 1-10.]

16 specimens of Geese and Pigeons from Cromarty and Sutherlandshire,
Presented by W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Capt. Savile Reid, and G. A. St.
Quintin. [97. 5. 16, 1-16.]

The groups of the Grey Lag-Goose (Anser anser) and Rock Dove
(Columba livia), with their nests, eggs, and natural surroundings, were
obtained on this occasion. [Nos. 147 and 82 of the nesting-groups.]

9 British Marsh Tits, and other birds [rom Kent, Hertfordshire, Berk-
shire, Surrey, Sussex, etc. Presented. [1902. 1. 21, 1-4; 1902. 1. 24,
1-3 ; 1902. 1. 27, 1-2; 1902. 3. 27, 3-15.]

52 birds from Clandeboye, Ireland, and Chislehurst. Presented.
[1905. 6. 5, 1-52.]

8 birds from South Wales. Presented. [1905. 7. 19, 1-8.]

Mr. Ögilvie-Grant has been my colleague in the British Museum since
June 1882, and bas worked with great enthusiasm. He has procured 27
of the nesting-groups ot British Birds, many taken by himself, others in
company with Capt. Savile Reid and Mr. G. A. St. Quintin. He has also
made expeditions to Madeira and the neighbouring islands (with the Hon.
Cecil Baring), Canarıes, Salvage Islands, Azores, S. Arabia, and Sokotra
(with Dr. H. O. Forbes), adding, in every instance, valuable series of
specimens to the collections. He is a great authority on the game-birds,
and described the Order Galliformes in vol. xxii. of the ‘Catalogue of
Birds.” He has also written a large portion of vols. xvii. and xxvi. of the
* Catalogue.’

Among the nesting-groups of British Birds, the Museum owes the
following to Mr. Oeilvie-Grant:—Rook, Jackdaw, Hooded Crow, Tree-
Pipit, Robin, ! hiffchaff, Swallow, House-Martin, Partridge, Black Grouse,
Cape:caillie, Lesser Spotted Woodpecker, Rock Dove, Sıock Dove, Red-
throated Diver, Corn-Crake, Dottrell, Herring Gull, Saudwich Tern,
Roseate T'ern, Heron, Sheld-Duck, Peregrine Falcon, Buzzard, Golden
Eagle.

Olcese (M.).
See BOUCARD, A.

ÖOlcese was the successor of the celebrated naturalist Favier, in
Tangier. He made considerable collectiovons in the neighbourhood of
that town, and the Museum has secured some interesting Specimens
through Mr. Boucard.

Oldham (Professor THuoMmAs).

35 birds from India. Presented. [56. 6. 10, 1-35.]
Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xlii., p. 111, for Prof. Oldham’s interesting
career.

Oliver (Lieut. GERALD).

11 eggs of birds from Troughton Island, N.W. Australia. Presented.
30. 12.25, 3-10

Biras. 437

Olph-Galliard (M. Vıcror Aımx L£on).

5 birds from S. France. Presented. [76. 7. 27, 1-5.]

I met M. Olph-Galliard in Paris, and arranzed an exchange of British
fr Freuch birds with him. He died soon after, before he had obtained
any series beyond a few Long-tailed Tits. He was a very sound ormitho-
logist, and wrote one of the few existing books on ıhe French Avifauna,
“Oontributions & la Faune Ornitholoeique de l’Europe oceidentale”
(Bayonne, 8vo, 1884-1892). He was also the describer of Moussier’s
Redstart (Rutici/la moussieri) in 1846, and wrote in 1891 a “ Catalogue
des Oiseaux des environs de Lyon” (cf. Ibis, 1893, p. 478).

Osmaston (B. B.).

51 birds’ nests and eggs from Darjeeling. Presented. [1904. 12.7,
1-85.

Otago Museum, New Zealand.

42 birds from Antipodes Island, the Chatham and Auckland Groups,
Kermadec Islands, and Snares Islands. keceived in exchange. [97. 12.6,
1-42.]

Owston (Aran).
A specimen of Oceanodroma tristrami. Purchased. [1900. 2. 5, 1.]

Packman (J. C. D.).

139 birds from Tenasserim. Presented. [44. 3. 25, 1-139.]

This was probably the first collection of Tenasserim birds ever made,
but it was so badly preserved that most of the specimens have perished,
or have been given away, since the acquisition of Mr. Hume’s splendid
series of birds from this part of the British Empire.

Page (Capt. Juan).

178 birds from the Pilcomayo River. Presented. [95. 9. 8, 1-178.]

An expedition for the exploration of the Gran Chaco and the Pilco-
mayo River was started in 1390 under the leadership of Capt. Page of the
Argentine Navy, who died at Fortin Page. Dr. Graham Kerr was the
naturalist to the expedition, which suflered great hardships, and the col-
lection of birds was only saved with much difficulty. He has written an
interesting paper on the “ Avifauna of the Lower Pilcomayo” in the “ Ibis”
for 1892 (pp. 120-152, pl. iii.). Two new species of Woodpecker, (eleus
kerri and Picumnus pilcomayensis, were described by Mr. Edward Hargitt
(Ibis, 1891, pp. 605, 606).

Palmer (A.J.V.).

84 specimens from Bushire. Presented. [86. 7. 1, 1-59; 86. 7.6,
1-25

This interesting collection was described by me in the “ Ibis” for 1886
(pp. 493-499).

Paris. Musee d’Histoire Naturelle.

8 birds from the Comoro Islands. Presented. [88. 4. 8, 1-8.]

The duplicates from the collection made by M. Humblot were
presented to the British Museum by Prof. Alphonse Milne-Edwards,
by whom, and his successor Prof. Oustalet, the most friendly feeling has
always been exhibited for the British Museum. Four species were

438 Zoology.

new to the national collection, Turdus comorensis, Humblotia flavirostris,
Cinnyris humbloti, and Terpsiphone comorensis, described by Milne-
Edwards and Oustalet in the “ Comptes Rendus,” ci., 1885.

Parker (Prof. T. JEFFREY).
4 specimens of Kiwis, Aptery® australis, A. mantelli, A. oweni.
Presented. [96. 3. 13, 1-4.]

Parry-Evans (Rev. J. D. S.).
12 eggs from the Transvaal. Presented. [1904. 2. 3,1-12.]

Parzudaki (M. Enırr).

33 sterna of birds from Algeria. Purchased. [51. 8. 25, 32-64.}

69 birds and eggs from various localities. Purchased. [51. 9. 11,
6-8; 52.3. 8, 1-20; 52. 5. 27, 1-18; 58. 6. 23, 1-28.]

Many of the specimens are from South America; but a number of
birds from different parts of Europe were also purchased.

86 birds and eggs, mostly from South America. [53. 9. 28, 1-25;
53. 12. 6, 3444.]

One uf the types of Ortalis wagleri, Gray, was included in this series,
and Acroptornis orthonyx, Lafr., and Psaltriparus minimus were added
to the Museum collection.

145 birds aud eggs from various localities. [54. 6. 24, 1-14; 54. 6.
28, 1-3; 58. 6. 2, 1-128.]

Included the type of Turturena malherbei.

A specimen of Balzniceps rex. Purchased. [58. 11. 20, 34.]

The Whale-headed Stork was d«scribed by Gould in 1851 from a
specimen brought from the Upper White Nile by Manstield. The bird
purchased from Parzudaki was the first one obtained by the British
Museum, and the present resting-place of the type-specimen is, I believe,
unknown. There is no information as to the origin of the Parzudaki
specimen.

223 specimens of Parrots from various localities, several being from the
Massena collection. Purchased. 59. 11. 22, 1-88; 60. 11. 7, 1-5;
60. 11. 8, 1-130.]

I'ypes of Conurus chloropterus, Souance; ©. rubrolarvatus, Massena
and Souance; Conurus astec, Souance; Pyrrhura hematotis, Bouance ;
Chrysotis chloronota, Sovuance: P. moline, Massena and Souance;
Ohrysostis coceineifrons, Souance (=Ü. viridigena, ÜCass.; cf. Salvad.,
Cat., xx., p. 297); Loriculus apicalis, Sovance; L. regulus, Souance ;
Psittacula eyanopygia, Souance; P. chrysogaster, Parzud. (nom. nudum)
(= P. passerina, L.; cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 245); Gnathositta
eterotis, Massena and Souance; Pionus seniloides, Massena and Souance.

The following species were new to the cullection: (onurus petzi
(Leibl.)= ©. canicularis (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 201), Anodorhynchus
glaucus (V.), Cyanopsittacus spixi (Wagl.), Pzocephalus fuscicollis,
Neophema splendidz, Cyanorhamphus erythrotis, Loriculus stigmatus,
Palzornis eques, Lorius lory, L. garrulus.

Payne (W. A.).
8 eggs from the Transvaal. [1902. 11. 18, 1-8.]
Pearce (W.)

Sent many birds from the neighbourhood of Constantinople, and was
apparently a pupil of Mr. T. Robson’s, as he prepared his specimens in the
same way. He afterwards collected in Cyprus for Lord Lilford.

Birds. 439

Pearson (Henry J.).

13 specimensfrom Waigats, Novaya Zemlya,etc. Presented. [98.8.2
1-13.]

Ineluded skins, spirit-specimens and nestlings of several rare Arctic
species, Limonites minuta, Anthus cervinus, etc.

18 eggs of the Little Stint (Limonites minuta) from Waigats Island,
and Dolgoi Island, N. Russia. Presented. [1900. 11.10, 1-18] (ef. Vates,
Cat. Eggs Brit. Mus., iij., p. 53, 1902).

3 specimens of Totanus fuscus, imm. from Russian Lapland. Pre-
sented. [1904. 5. 12, 1-3.]

Mr. Henry Pearson was born in 1850 at Chilwell, Notts (the
adjoining village to Beeston, where John Wolley resided, when in
England). He was prevented untıl 1891 from devoting much time to
ornithology, by the more urgent pressure of business. In that year he
and his brother, Charles Pearson, went to Norway; and, having chartered
a small steamer, explored many of the Lofoden Islands, trom Andö
in the north to Röst, the most soutbern one. Iu 1892 be spent some
time during the nesting-seasın on the Dovrefjeld and the distiiet round
the Nordfjord; and again visited these parts in 1902. An interesting
excursion, on which Messrx. Edward Bidwell and Charles Pearson accom-
panied him, was made to the Lofoden Islands, Porsanger Fjord and other
parts of Northern Norway in 1893, and recorded in the ‘Ibis’ for April
1894. The following year was devoted to an exploration of the Southern
Fiskevötra of Iceland; the results were published in the ‘Ibis’ for April
1895. In 1895 a more extended voyage was attempted, viz., to Novaya
Zemlya. Mr. Pearson was acconıpanied by Colonel H. W. Feilden, the
Rev. H. H. Siater and Mr. C. Pearson ; but the unsuitability of the yacht
chartered for the expedition prevented his plans from being carried out
in full. A short excursion was made to the north of Norway in 1896,
when Mr. Pearson ascertained that most of the red gulis’ eggs so prized
by collectors were laid by Larus argentatus. Warned by the failure of
1895, a larger vessel was chartered in 1897 and a more successful voyage
was made to Novaya Zemlya, his companious being Coionel Feilden and
Dr. Frederick Curtis. The results obtained in 1895 and 1897 were
published in “Beyond Petsora ‚Eastward,” a book which has valuable
appendices by Colonel Feilden on the botany and geolory of the countries
visited. Mr. Pearson’s visit to Russian Laplaud, with Mr. C. Pearson, in
1899, was recorded in the ‘Ibis’ for October of that year. In 1901 he
again went to that country and made a short stay on the Kanin Peninsula
on the opposite side of the White Sea; while 1903 was spent in the interior
to the south of Kola, the old capital of Russian Lapiand. Mr. Pearson’s
last book, “ Three Summers among the Birds of Russian Lapland,” contains
a detailed account of these expeditions.

Pease (Sir ALrrep E.).

386 birds from Somali Land and Southern Abyssinia. Presented.
[1902. 1. 20, 1-386.]

14 birds from the Transvaal. Presented. [1905. 8. 13, 1-14.]

This collection represents the result of Mr. Pease’s expedition to
Abvssivia. Besides many rare and interesting species new to the Museum
eullection, were further added the types of three new species, Oisticola
lavendul®, Upupa intermedia, and Prodotiscus peasei. "The collection
was described by Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant and Mr. R. J. Reid in the
‘Ibis’ for 1901 (pp. 607-699, pl. xiii.), where some good field-notes by

440 Zoology.

Sir Alfred Pease will be found. He has also written a large work, entitled

“

Peek (Sir Henry), Bart.

60 specimens of birds and eggs from Labrador. Presented. [98. 4.
16, 1-60.]

Sir Henry Peek was a collector of British Birds, and having received
an offer of this collection from Labrador, purchased it at my request, and
presented it to the British Museum. At his country seat at Rousdon, in
Devonshire, is a colleetion of mounted birds, perhaps the most complete
representation of the species in the “ British List ” in the Kingdom.

Peel (Arın).

39 birds from Uruguay. Purchased. [73. 6.28, 2-10; 76.3.18,1-80.]

108 birds from Buenos Aires. Purchased. [78.1. 25, 1-108.]

Mr. Alan Peel was a personal friend of Dr. Günther’s, and his
collections were of considerable value to the British Museum.

Peel (C. V. A.).

19 birds from Somali Land. Presented. [98. 4. 13, 1-19.]

From Mr. Peel the Museum received its first specimen of the rare
Somali Bustard, Feterotetrax humilis. He has written a book, “ Somali-
land, being an account of two expeditions into the far interior, with a
complete list of every Animal and Bird known to inhabit that country,
and a list of Reptiles collected by the author” (London, 1900, 8vo,
pp- xviii., 340), Appendix (Birds), pp. 805-333.

Penard (Messrs. F. P. and A. P.).

43 birds from Paramaribo, Surinam. Presented. [1902. 10.31, 1-43.]
241 eggs from Surinam. Presented. [1904. 11. 22, 1-241.]

Penguin (Voyage H.M.S.).
Of. Smith, Dr. F. W. Bassett (p. >
Penrose (Dr. Frank).

40 skins of Sea-birds from Ascension Island. Presented. [99. 1. 4,
1-40.]

Penton (Surgeon-Major), R.N.

54 birds from Suakin. Presented. [93. 9. 20, 1-54.]

10 birds from Wady Halfa. Presented. [95. 7. 15, 6-15.]

T'he last collection contained two speeimens of the African Wood-Ibis
(Pseudotantalus ibis).

Percival (A. BLAyner).

71 birds aud esgs from the Ruo and Shire Rivers, Zambesia. Pur-
chased. [99. 6. 8, 1; 1900. 2. 27, 1-33; 1900. 3. 21, 1-37.]

This collection was described by Mr. Percival in the ‘Ibis’ for 1902
(pp. 581-599). It contained several rare species, such as Andersson’s
Pırn (Machzrhamphus anderssoni, Dissodectes dickinsoni, ete.), besides
the type of anew Roush-winged Swallow, Psalidoprocne pereivali, Grant
(=P. orientalis, Reichenow ; cf. Reichenow, Vög. Africas, ii., p. 428, 1902).

260 birds and nests from Mombasa, Melindi, etc., Lake Naiwasha,
Kikuyu, and other distriets in British East Africa. Presented. [1903. 8.1,
1-191; 1903. 9. 2, 1-69.] A

Mr. Percival was the first to procure Macherhamphus anderssoni in
British East Afıica, and he also discovered a new species of Oriole
(‚Oriolus percivali) named after him by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant.

Birds. 441

Pereival (A. Brayney) and Dodson (W.).

251 specimens from South Arabia. Purchased. [1900. 8. 5, 1-243
1901. 11. 8, 1-8.]

3 birds from Southern Arabia, including the type of Rhyncostruthus
percivali. Presented. [1901. 12. 16, 1-3.]

The collection made by the Pereival-Dodson expedition was of very
great interest, and contained the types of three new species, Telephonus
percevali, Ammomanes saturatus, and (Kdienemus dodsoni (cf. Grant,
Nov. Zool., vii., pp. 243-273, 591, p. x., 1900).

Perkins (R. C. L.).

See RoYAL SocIETY and BRITISH AssocIATıon.

Persian Boundary Commission.
See BLANFORD, W.T.

Perks (Dr. R. H.).
197 birds from South Australia. Purchased. [98. 5. 17, 1-197.]

Perth (W. A.).

See WEST AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM.

Petherick (Consul J.).

10 specimens from Khartum. Purchased. [62. 6. 21, 5-14.]

A specimen of Balsniceps rex from the Upper White Nile. Purchased.
[63. 12. 17, 1.]

Consul Petherick was Resident at Khartum for some years, and
created quite a sensation in England by sending living specimens of the
Balzniceps to the Zoological Gardens.

Petit (Louis).

56 birds from Landana, Lower Congo. Purchased. [89. 3. 26, 1-59.]

M. Petit pere was a dealer in Paris, and his son Louis collected first
in Senegambia and afterwards on the Lower Congo with Dr. Lucan.
Their collections were sent to M. A. Bouvier, who asked me to write an
account of them [“ Etudes d’Ornithologie Africaine, par R. Bowdler Sharpe
et A. Bouvier. Catalogue d’une Collection recueillie & Landana et Chiu-
chonxo (Congo) par M. Louis Petit, pendant les mois de janvier, f&vrier,
mars et avril, 1876,” Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1876, pp. 36-53, 301-314,
pl. ii.; 1877, pp. 470-481; 1878, pp. 73-80]. Psalidoprocne petiti was
described as new and figured in the first paper, and the second paper,
appearing in the same volume of the “Bulletin” (pp. 300-314), was
entitled “Sur les Collections recueillies dans la Region du Congo par
MM. le Dr. A. Lucan et L. Petit depuis le mois de mai jusqu’en
septembre.” Bradypterus rufescens was described as new (p. 307) and
Nigrita lucani (= N. luteifrons, 2).

The Congo collections were brought over to London by M. Bouvier
and named by me, on the understanding that the British Museum should
be allowed to purchase all specimens required. Unfortunately M. Bouvier
did not keep to his part of the bargain, and on returning to Paris he pub-
lished my descriptions of some of the new species under his own name
(Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1876, pp. 228, 229).

449 Zoology.

This publication was a matter of small concern to me, but he faile”
to send back all the types, as he had promised, and consequently I do not
know to this day what became of the original specimens of (Oisticola
landanz, etc.

Petrie (Professor W. M. FLinDers).

Bones of a Crane from Esypt. Presented.
Professor Flinders Petrie has also collected a large series of mummies
of Mammals and Birds in Egypt.

Philbrick (His Honour Judge F. A.), K.C.

109 eggs from Gippsland. Presented. [93. 2. 2, 1-109.]

These eggs were collected by Judge Philbrick’s son, and were a
valuable addıtion to our Museum.

Cf. “ Who's Who,” 1904, p. 1207.

Phillips (E. Lorr).

6 specimens of birds from Somali Land. Presented. [89. 3. 20, 1-6.]

Included a specimen of Sawicola phillipsi, new to the collection.

79 birds from Somaliland. Purchased. [95. 7. 12, 1-79.]

Thirteen species were new to the collection, and the following 9 types of
new species: Trachyphonus shelleyi, Upupa somaliensis, Coracias lorti,
Dryoscopus ruficeps, Telephonus jamesi, Argya aylmeri, Parus thruppi,
Saxicola phillipsi, Spreo shelleyi.

Most of these species were described by Captain Shelley in his paper
“On Mr. E. Lort Phillips’s Collection of Birds from Somali-Land,” ‘ Ibis,’
1885, pp. 389-418, pls. x.-xii.

257 birds and eggs from Somaliland. Purchased. [98. 7. 27,
1-257.]

Included many rare birds, and types of the following new species:
Corvus edithe, Poliospiza pallidior, Rhyncostruthus louise, Pseudalemon
Freemantlei, Merula ludovieiz, Tricholema blandi, Francolinus lorti.
The eggs of the new Ouzel (M. ludoviciz) were also in the collection.

20 birds in spirits, from Somali Land. [1900. 10. 5, 1-20.]

Mr. Lort Phillips was one of the earlier explorers in Somali Land,
having accompanied the late Mr. F. L. James in his celebrated expedition
(see James, ‘“Horm of Africa”) The party consisted of. Messrs. James
Aylmer, Thrupp, and E. Lort Phillips (Of. “A Journey through the
Somali Country to the Webbe Shebeyli,” P. R. Geogr. Soc., 1885,
pp- 625-646), and the names of all of these explorers were associated by
Captain Shelley with the new species obtained on the expedition.
Mr. Lort Phillips has since made three visits to Somali Land, the results
of which have been published by himself in the ‘Ibis’ (1896, pp. 62-87,
pl. il.; 1897, pp. 448-449; 1898, pp. 382-425, pls. vii.-x.; 1899,
pp- 303-5 ; 1900, p. 369).

A hybrid Pintail and Wigeon from Loch Swilley, Donegal. Presented.
1905.17]

Pickard-Cambridge (F. O.) and Austen (E.).

20 specimens from the River Amazon. Presented. [96. 5. 12, 1-20.]

Pierre (A.).
308 birds from Cochin China. Presented. [78. 6. 19, 1-308].

Birds. 443

Mons. A. Pierre, who was a hish Government official in the French
eolony in Cochin China, presented a large collection of birds to the
Paris Museum. The duplicates he very generously gave to the British
Museum, where they have proved of great service. Among them were
such rare species as Polyplectrum germaini, and Porphyrio edwardsi,
previously unrepresented in the British Museum.

Pike (A.).
29 birds from Eastern Turkestan. Presented. [98. 7. 23, 1-29.]

Pike (H. J.), and Pike (T. M.) and Popham (H.L.).

69 specimenus of Geese, Ducks and Wading Birds from Walcheren,
Holland. [95. 2. 6, 1-14; 96. 2. 20, 1-12; 97. 2. 24, 1-21; 1900.1.
15, 1-5; 1902. 12. 14, 1-4; 1902. 12. 27, 1-4; 1903. 1. 15, 1-7.]

The Museum is exceedingly indebted to the above-named gentlemen
for a fine series of European Anseres, of which we previously possessed but
a scanty collection.

Pinwill (Captain STACKHOUSE).

1532 specimens from the N.W. Himalayas, the Indian Peninsula,
and Malacca. Presented. [76. 1.15, 1-26; 76. 2. 12, 1-980; 76. 2. 28,
1-54; 76. 3. 7, 1-137 ; 76. 10. 20, 1-75; 81. 7. 30, 1-260.]

The Museum is under a debt of gratitude to Capt. Stackhouse Pinwill,
who gave a fine collection of Indian birds for the furtherance of the
“Catalogue of Birds,” at a time when the series of specimens in the
Museum, before the presentation of the great Hume Collection, was poor
indeed. The first specimen of the rare Bat-hunting Pern (Macherhamphus
alcinus) we owe to Oapt. Pinwill, as also the types of Pomatorhinus pinwilli,
in addition to many other rare species of Indian birds, such as Acanthoptila
nipalensis, from the North-West frontier of Nepal, and others.

“ Plumper,” H.M.S.

‚See LYALL, DR.

Ponta Delgada Museum, Azores (Major Cuavzs, Director).
45 birds from the Azores. Presented. [1904. 6. 21, 1-3; 1905.1. 26,
1-39; 1905. 6. 6, 1.]

Popham (H. LeyYBournxe).
‚See Pıkz, T. M.

Pratt (A. E.).
See LEACH ; ÖLDFIELD THOMAS; SEEBOHM.

Mr. Pratt is chiefly known as an entomologist, but he has collected
many interesting species of birds and their ezgs. In the “Catalogue of
Eggs ” are recorded those uf rare Thibetan species, mostly from Ta-tsien-lu,
obtained by Mr. Pratt, and bequeathed to the Trustees by the late
Mr. Henry Seebohm.

Pretyman (Capt. E. J.).

A Grey Phalarope (Orymophilus fulicarius) from Ipswich. [1900,
93.1.
Of. “ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 1238.

444 Zoology.

Pretyman (W.).
$ birds from the Lawas River, N.W. Borneo. [83. 10. 1, 1-8.]
Specimens of Lobiophasis bulweri and the Bornean Peregrine Falcon
(Falco ernesti) were included in this donation.
Prichard (HeskErn).
15 birds from Santa Cruz, Patagonia. Presented. [1903. 4. 6, 1-13.

Princeton University, New Jersey, U.S.A.
975 nests and eggs of North American birds. Received in exchange.
[1900. 6. 25, 1-568; 1903. 1. 30, 1-407.]
A most valuable collection, chiefly made by Mr. W. E. D. Scott [q.v.].
Pryer (Harry).
See SEEBOHM, H.

Mr. Pryer spent some years in Japan, and also visited the Bonin and
lLiu Kiu groups of islands. His collection was afterwards purchased by
Mr. Henry Seebohm, and formed the basis of the latter’s work, “ Birds
of the Japanese Empire” (roy. 8vo, London, 1890, pp. i.-xxiv., 386).
Amongst other interesting discoveries made by Pryer was a new species
of Megalurus from the neighbvurhood of Yokohama, which Seebohm
named Megalurus pryeri (“ Ibis,’ 1884, p. 40).

Pryer (W.B.).
See Janson, E. W.

Brother of the above. A collection made by him in the province of
Sandakan in N. E. Borneo was described by me in the “ Proceedings” of
the Zoological Society for 1881, pp. 790-800.

Purdie (J.).

See Kew, Director of Royal Botanic Gardens.

Queensland Museum (C. W. De Vıs, Director).

2 rare birds (Macgregoria pulchra and Daphenositta miranda) from

British New Guinea. Presented. [97. 8.16, 1; 98. 10. 10, 3.]
Quelch (J. J.).
See McConNELL, F. V.

Mr. Quelch was for some time an assistant in the Zoological Depart-
ment of the Museum, and afterwards Director of the Museum at George
Town, Demerara.. He has made some excellent collections in British
Guiana, and done much to increase our knowledge of the Avifauna. He
accompanied Mr. McÜonnell on his celebrated expedition to Roraima.

Radcliffe (Capt. C. C.).
28 birds from Alaska. Presented. [1904. 9. 12, 1-28.]

Radcliffe.

See Col. DELME-RADCLIFFE.

Rae (Dr. Joun).

139 birds and eggs from Hudson’s Bay Territory, chiefly from Repulse
1024 Presented. [48. 3. 13, 26-137; 48. 4. 14, 1-23; 53. 1. 6, 100-
104.

l'or Dr. Rae’s record as a traveller and collector cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr.,
xlvii., p. 151.

Birds. 445

Ramage (G. A.).

See RoYAL SOCIETY.

Ramsay (Dr. E. P.).

A skin and skull of the Tooth-billed Bower-bird (‚Scenopzus denti-
rostris), new to the collection. Presented. [83. 11. 16, 1, 2.]

19 specimens from the Solomon Islands. Presented. [95. 12. 24,
1-19.]

In exchange for specimens from the British Museum, Dr. Ramsay
presented several rare birds from the Solomon Islands, amongst them the
types (or co-types) of Rhipidura rubrofrontata, Pachycephala collaris aud
Aplonis feadensis.

While Director of the Australian Museum at Sydney, Dr. Ramsay
raised the status of that Museum to the first rank among the natural
history institutions in the Southern Hemisphere. He assısted me always,
but especiallv when I was writing my first book, the “ Monograph of the
Kingfishers,”” when I exchanged my collection of British birds’ eggs with
him for specimens of Australian Kingfishers, which were of great service
to me at the time.

Ramsay (Colonel R. G. WARDLAW).

105 birds from Sumatra (©. Bock), Karen Hills, Burma, and other
parts of the Indian Empire. Presented. [80. 4. 21, 1-12; 80. 10.19,
1-54 ; 81. 7. 29, 1-17; 83. 2. 6, 1-13: 83. 11. 6, 1-7.]

These were duplicates from his collection, and among them were a
number of species unrepresented in the British Museum. Colonel Wardlaw
Ramsay presented many rare specimens of birds which were much wanted
for description in the “Catalogue of Birds,” and he lent me speeimens on
all occasions.

20,186 specimens of Asiatic Birds. The Tweeddale Collection.

On the death of his uncle, the 9th Marquess of Tweeddale, he received,
as a bequest, the maznificent cellection of Asiatic birds formed by the
Marquess, together with the unique Tweeldale library of scientific books.
In the year 1887, Colonel Wardlaw Ramsay presented the whole of this
great collection and library to the nation.

806 Aceipitres [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [87. 11.1, 1-806.}

Contained types of Spülornis pallidus and Poliohierax insignis.
Spizaetus philippensis new to the collection.

350 Striges ['T'weeddale coll»ction]. Presented. [87. 11. 11, 1-350.]

Types of Scops everetti, Ninox spilocephala, N. odiosa, and Pseudoptyn&
gurneyi.

1355 Corvide, Dierurid&, Oriolide, etc. [Tweeddale collection]. Pre-
sented. [87. 11. 20, 1-1355.]

Types of Corone pusilla, Manucodia comrii, Oriolus celebensis, O.
palawanensis, O. assimilis, O. consobrinus, O. consanguineus, Dierurus
mirabilis, Chibia palawanensis, 0. lemosticta, ©. sunatrana, Buchanga
chapmani, B. mouhoti, B. wallacei.

207 Eurylemidez and Pittide [Tweeddale collection], including the
type of Hydrornis soror. Presented. [87. 12. 1, 1-207.]

1404 Campophagide and Muscicapide [Tweeddale collection]. Pre-
sented. [87. 12. 30, 1-1404.]

Types of Edoliisoma alteruma, E. mindanense, Terpsiphone nicobarica,
Cyanomyvas calestis, Abrornis chrysea, Piezorhynechus verticalis, Stoparola
sordida, Siphia herioti, Niltara cucopraeta, Myiagra tannensis, and Gery-
aone simplex.

446 Zoology.

971 Turdide and Sylviide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88.
2. 20, 1-971.]

Types of @eoeichla layardi, @. andamanensis, and Merula masxima.
Merula tempesti new to the collection.

877 Pycenonotide ['Tweeddale collection). Presented. [88. 4. 1,
1-877.

De of Chloropsis chlorocephalus, Hemixus brunneiceps, HM. suma-
tranus, Jole everetti, Oriniger palawanensis, O. sumatranus, Ü. aureus,
Inus annectens, and Pyenonotus cinereifrons. Chloropsis lazulina was
new to the collection.

1290 Timeliide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 4. 20,
1-1290.]

Types of Myiophoneus castaneus, Copsychus niger, Lioptila saturata,
Cittoeincla stricklundi, Suya erythropleura, Prinia inornata, P. rafflesi,
Orthotomus nigriceps, Oisticola ruficapilla, C. grayi, C. albigularis, O.
beavani, Latieilla cinerascens, Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps, P. mariz,
Garrulax leucogaster, Actinodura ramsayi, Timelia jerdoni, Turdinus
marmoratus, T. rufifrons, Drymocataphus fulvus, D. rubiginosus, Dasy-
erotopha speciosa, Mixornis bornensis, Anuropsis cinereiceps, (orythocichla
striata, Stachyridopsis assimilis, Aleippe magnirostris, and Brachypterya
buxtoni.

T'he following species were not previously represented in the col-
lection : Myiophoneus melanurus, Rhopophilus pekinensis, Orthotomus
ceinereiceps, Oisticola marginalis, Megalurus amboynensis, Dabax lanceo-
latus, Trochalopterum austeni, T. formosum, Janthocinela mazxima, 1.
artemisie, I. lunulata, Mixornis capitalis, Corythocichla brevicaudatus,
Herpornis tyrannulus, and Mesia laurine.

769 specimens of Laniidz [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 5.
30, 1-769.]

Types of Hyloterpe philippinensis, H. sulphureiventer, Sitta magna,
and S. neglecta.

The following species were new to the collection: Parus semilarvatus,
Pachycephala jaequinoti, aud Dendrophila enochlamys.

873 Nectariniide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 7. 1,
1-873.

Di types of the following species were included : Hthopyga sangwinei-
pectus, Cinnyris osiris, Ö. aurora, Arachnothera flammifer, Anthothreptes
griseigularis, Myzomela chloroptera, Zosterops everetti, Z. austeni, and Z.
nigrorum.

Ethopyga bella, Eudrepanis pulcherrima, E. duyvenbodi, Cinnyris
sanghirensis, Hermotimia cordeliz, Arachnothera dilutior, Myzomela
splendida, Zosterops vatensis, and Z. cineres were species not previously
represented in the national collection.

861 Diczide and Motacillide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented.
[88. 7. 12, 1-861.]

Types of Diczum eximium, D. santhopygium, D. everetti, D.
modestum, Prionochilus guadricolor, P. olivaceus aud Anthus lugubris.

Diczum sanghirense and D. dorsale were new to the collection.

140 Tunagrid® and 591 Fringilide (Tweeddale collection). Pre-
sented. [88. 9. 1, 1--140; 89. 9. 12, 1-591.]

Type of Passer assimilis. Emberiza chrysophrys was new to the
collection.

1221 Sturnide, Eulabetide, Ploceide, and Alaudide ['Tweeddale
collection]. Presented. [88. 9. 20, 1-1221.]

Types of Eulabes andamanensis, Calornis cerassirostris, Artamus

Birds. 447

insignis, Munia brunneiceps, M, fumigata, Oxycerca everetti, Mirafra
philippensis, and Alsmon jessei.

The following species were new to the collection : Artamus pelewensis,
Hyphantornis tenioptera, and Uroloncha jagori.

131 Tyrannide and Dendrocolaptid:e [| weeddale collection]. Pre-
sented. [88. 9. 22, 1-84; 88. 9. 25, 1-47.]

196 Cypselide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 10. 1, 1-196].

Contained tke type of Ohztura pieina.

604 Caprimulgide, Upupide, and Coracidx. Presented. [88. 10.
3, 1-260; 88. 10. 6, 1-47; 88. 10. 12, 1-297.]

792 Alcedinide [T'weeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 10. 20,
1-792.

of Alcedo rufigaster, Pelargopsis malaccensis, P. burmanica,
P. floresiana, P. gigantea, (eyx dillwynni, OÖ. argentata aud Tanysiptera
nigriceps.

Ineluded in the above series is the whole of my private collection of
Kingfishers, on which my “ Monograph of the Alcedinidz” was founded.
This collection was purchased by the Marquess of 'Iweeddale on the
completion of my book.

225 Bucerotide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [83. 10. 30,
1-225.

is of Hydrocorax semigaleatus and Penelopides afınis.

1101 Picide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 11. 1, 1-1101.]

Types of Geeinus erythropygius, Mulleripieus fuliginosus, Iyngipieus
ramsıyi, I. fulvifasciatus, Tiga everetti, Ohrysocolaptes rufopunctatus,
C. zanthocephalus, and Thriponax pectoralis.

122 Musophagidz, Trogonidz, and Galbulide [Tweeddale collection].
Presented. [88. 11. 9, 1-5; 88. 11. 12, 1-108; 88. 11. 20, 1-9.]

426 Capitonide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 11. 25,
1-426.]

Types of Megalema ramsayi, M. sykesi, and M. inornata.

845 (uculidze [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [88. 12. 10,
1-845.

Tvies of Hierococey& bocki, H. crassirostris, and Chrysocoeey&
limborgi. f

671 Psittacide [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [89. 1. 20,
1-671.

Dies of Trichoglossus meyeri, Loriculus meyeri, L. tener, and
Tanygnathus everetti.

The following species were new to the collection: Aprosmictus
tabuensis, A. buensis, A. taviunensis, Trichoglossus aureicinetus, T.
Josephine, T. muschenbreki, T. rubiginosus, Geoffroyius mysolensis, aud
M. jobiensis.

1005 Columbid& [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [89. 2. 10,
1-1005.

En of Carpophaga griseicapilla, ©. pulchella, lanthoenas griseigu-
laris, Macropygia browni, Leucotreron incognita, Phlogenas erythroptera,
and ?. johanne ; and the !ollowing species were new to the collection :
Carpophaga geevinkiana, Janthanas leopoldi, Ptilopus zanthorrhous, P.
heinsheimi, P. muschenbroeki, P. geminus, P. richardsi, Chrysaena correi,
Phabotreron brewirostris, and P. nigrorum.

585 Galliformes [Twecddale collection]. Presented. [89. 5. 13,
1-586.

Tre of Turnix nigrescens and Megayodius dillwynni. Peloperdix
rubrirostris was new to the collection.

448 Zoology.

374 Ralliformes [Tweeddale collection]. Presented. [89. 11. 3,
1-374.

188 Lariformes ['Tweeddale collection], including the type of Sterna
tibetana. Presented. [91. 5. 21, 1-188.]

ns Charadriiformes [T'weeddale collection]. Presented. [91. 10.5,
1 723.

597 Ardeiformes and Anseriformes [Tweeddale collection], containing
the type of Phenicopterus rubidus. Presented. [92. 4. 2, 1-597.]

26 specimens from Tillicoultry, N.B. Presented. [92. 11. 36, 1-13;
92. 12. 10, 1-13.]

Colonel Wardlaw Ramsay was born on the 25th of January, 1852.
Son of R. B. Wardlaw Ramsay, of Whitehill, Midlothian, and Tillicoultry,
Clackmannanshire, and Lady Louisa Hay, daughter of George, 8th Marquess
of Tweeddale. He was educated at Cheam and Harrow, and entered the
army as ensign, by purchase, in the 67th (South Hants) Regiment in
January, 1871.

In 1872 he sailed for India with the resiment, and was transferred to
a company going on duty to the Andaman Islands, just after the assassina-
tion of Lord Mayo. The birds of these islands were then but little known,
and he made a fine collection of them. The arrival of Mr. Davison at the
same time, on behalf of Mr. A. OÖ. Hume, deprived him of the credit of
many new species which he discovered, as Davison had all his time at his
disposal. Colonel Wardlaw Ramsay records great kindness and assistance
from General (afterwards Sir Donald) Stewart, the Chief Commissioner.
The results of the expedition were published in the Ibis by Lord
Walden. In May, 1873, he joined the headquarters at Rangoon, and in
the following August he made a collecting expedition to Malacca. In
December half of the regiment moved up to 'I’onghoo (then a frontier
station) by boat, where he obtained leave to go by road for collecting
purposes.

At Tonghoo, from Dec-mber, 1873, to Mav, 1876, he was acting as
Adjutant, but found time for working the country, and many specimens,
previously known from Major Malcolm Lloyd’s collections, were sent to
Lord Walden. In March, 1875, he accompanied the Political Expedition
from Toughoo to Karennee, under Major Lloyd, who asked him to
accompany the expedition and showed him much kindness. Several
new species were discovered.

In May, 1876, he quitted Burmah for Fort St. George, Madras. Some
collections were made there and in the Nilshiri Hills. In December, 1879,
he went to Afghanistan, aud made a small collection in the early part uf
the war.

He heard of the death of the Marqness of Tweeddale in December,
1879, when at Jhelum, and later on he received the news that his uncle’s
collections and library had been bequeatiied to him. In 1881 he was
promoted Captain, and exchanged to the 74th Hishlanders. In 1882 he
was appointed Adjutant, Midlothian and Peebleshire Rifle Volunteers,
He retired in 1883, on the death of his father, to take over the care of the
family’s estates. Owing to pressure of affairs both public and private, he
had no time for ornithological work, and therefore determined that others
should have the use of his collections and library, with which intent
he presented them to the British Museum.

Ranfurly (Earl of).

233 birds from New Zealand and other adjacent islands. Presented.
[1901. 10. 21,1-67; 1901.11. 10, 1; 1902. 2. 21, 1-58; 1903.5.15,1-4;
1903. 7. 17, 1-92; 1904. 8. 2, 1-11.]

ee

Birds. 449

11 Warblers from New Zealand. Presented. [1904. 8. 2, 1-11.]

4 specimens of Mergus australis. Presented. [1904. 8. 4, 1-4.]

41 birds from the Kermadec Islands, New Zealand, and Auckland
Islands. Presented. [1905. 2. 2, 1-41.]

When Governor of New Zealand, the Earl of Ranfurly sent to the
Museum several collections of birds, among them being a new species of
Cormorant (Phalacrocorax ranfurlyi, Ogilvie-Grant, Bull. B.O.C., xi.,
p- 66, 1901), from Bounty Island, and rare species, such as O’hasiempis
dimidiata and Ptilopus raratongensis from Raratonga Island.

“ Rattlesnake,” Voyage of H.M.S.

See STANLEY, Capt. OWEN; MACGILLIVRAY, J.

Ray (J.)

147 sterna of British birds. Presented. [46. 4. 7, 1-147.]

I never have been able to find out who Mr. Ray was, but he gave a
good series ot sterna to the Museum, as is shown in Gray’s “List of
British Birds,” 1863, and in the “ Catalogue of Birds.”

Rayner (T. M.).

46 birds from the Fiji Islands (“ Voy. 4.M.S. Herald”). Presented.
[56. 8. 30, 1-46. ]

Included the type of Pachycephala vitiensis.

Dr. Rayner was apparently a medical officer on board the Herald,
when John MacGillivray was naturalist [9.v.]. A subsequent, collection
made by Rayner was presented by the Lords of the Admiralty. [59.1.
10, 1-41.] It contained the type of Aplonis cassini, Gray (i.e. Aplonis
vitiensis, Layard; Sharpe, Cat. B., xiii., p. 131, 1890).

Reed (E. C.).
See GERRARD, E.

Mr. Reed is a well-known Chilian naturalist, who made large
collections in the province of Santiago. A series of his birds is in the
Museum, from the Sclater and Salvin-Godman Üollections.

Reeves (Jonn).

127 birds from India and China. [38. 8. 26, 1; 38. 10. 29, 1-13,
30-97 ; 46. 6. 13, 1-14; 51. 8. 27, 44-74.]

Mr. John Reeves was Inspector of Tea at the Hon. East India
Company’s establishment at Canton, and made careful study of the
natural history and resources of China (see B. B. Woodward, Hist. Coll.
“ Libraries,” p. 46). He gave many interesting specimens to the Museum,
and the magnificent Pheasant, Syrmaticus reevesi, was named after him
by Dr. J. E. Gray.

Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xlvii., p. 416.

Reeves (Joun Russe).

Son of the above, for thirty years in the service of the Hon. East India
Company at (anton (see Woodward, l.c.).
Uf. also Sir John Richardson, Report Brit. Ass., 1845, p. 187.

VOL, II: De

450 Zoology.

Reichenow (Professor Dr. Anton).

5 Partridges (Perdix perdix) from Holstein and Brandenburg,
Presented. [92. 12. 23, 1-5.]

Professor Reichenow has been for some years the Curator of the
Ornithological Collections in the Imperial Museum of Natural History at
Berlin, where he succeeded the celebrated Professor Cabanis. In his
young days he made an expedition to West Africa, visiting the Gold
Coast and Camaroons, and forming most valuable collections of natural
history objects. His interest in African ornitholvey remains unabated,
and he has now probably written more essays on the Avifauna of the
Ethiopian region than any living man. His life-work is now being
focussed in a most complete manner in the “ Vögel Afrikas,” which
he has just finished. A list of his papers and a summary of his
ornithological work up to the year 1896 (now largely increased during
the eight years which have since elapsed) was published by his friend
Herman Schalow under the title “ Anton Reichenow: Ein Verzeichniss
seiner bisherigen Arbeiten, 1869-1896.” 288 separate memoirs are
chronicled, with the names of 38 new genera, and 342 new species
described by Dr. Reichenow.

Reid (C.).

14 birds from De Aar, Cape Colony, and Namaqualand. Presented.
[1904. 6. 20, 1-14.]

A son of Capt. Savile Reid.

Reid (GEORGE).

33 birds from Lucknow. Presented. [89. 8. 8, 1-33.]

Mr. Reid was the Honorary Curator of the Luckuow Museum for
many years, and wrote a catalogue of the collection of birds in that
instirution (“Catalogue of the Birds in the Provincial Museum, N.W.P.
and Oudh, Lucknow, on the 1st of April, 1889,” Allahabad, 1890, 8vo,
pp: iv., 358). He sent me a fine series of the Starlings from that locality,
when I was writing the thirteenth volume of the “Catalogue of Birds,”
most of them being Sturnus menzbieri.

Reid (Capt. SavıLE G.).
‚See also GERRARD, E.
20 specimens from Canada, Bermuda and other localities. Presented.
[82. 12. 20, 1-20.]
Anthus butleri, Shelley (= A. chloris, Licht.), was new to the

collection.
40 eggs of birds from Bermuda and North America. Presented.

[1903. 2. 18, 1-40.]

Capt. Reid has done some excellent ornithological work, in many
quarters of the globe. Born in 1845, he was educated at tbe Royal
Military Academy at Woolwich, and obtained his commission in the
R:yal Engineers in 1865. With a great love for the study of all branches
of natural history, but especially of birds, he commenced serious work at
Gibraltar from 1870 to 1874. He was quartered in Bermuda in 1874
and 1875, and made a special study of the birds, and published a series of
notes in the “Field” in 1875. These notes were afterwards re-printed
in the “ Zoologist” in 1877, and again in Bulletin No. 25 of the U.S.
National Museum, 1884.

During the first Boer War, Capt. Reid was ordered to Natal, where,

N N re re

Birds. 451

in conjunction with Colonel H. W. Feilden and Colonel E. A. Butler, he
made a good collection of birds and eges, an account of which, with
excellent field-notes by all three uflicers, was published in the “ Zoologist ”
for 1882.

A visit to Teneriffe in the spring of 1887 resulted in the publication
of some notes on the birds of that island (ef. Ibis, 1887, pp. 424-435 ;
1888, pp. 73-83).

Capt. Savile Reid has also assisted in the preparation of the third and
fourth volumes of the “ Catalogue of Birds’ Eggs in the British Museum,”
since Mr. E. W. Oates, owing to ill-health, was compelled to relinquish
the task.

Reijkavik Museum, Iceland.

4 young Iceland Falcons. Presented. [1902. 4. 9, 1-2; 1902.
Ba]

Reiser (Dr. OTHMAR).

16 birds from Bosnia. Presented. [1902. 8. 10, 1-16.]

Dr. Reiser is the well-known authority on the ornithology of the
Balkans, and is Director of the Museum at Serajevo in Bosnia. His
“Ornis Baleanica” and other kindred essays are the standard authority
on the Avifauna of this portıon of Europe. He has also carried out a very
successful expedition to Southern Brazil (ef. * Ibis,’ 1903, pp. 140, 141).

Rendall (Dr. Percy).

23 birds, nests and eggs, from Bathurst, River Gambia. Presented.
[92. 1. 9, 1-23.]

Dr. Rendall has travelled in the Zambesi region, where he discovered
a remarkable species of Weaver-Finch, which was named Serinus
rendalli by Canon Tristram, and afterwards made the type of a new
genus, Anomalospiza, by Captain Shelley (Bull. B.O.C., xii., p. 30, 1901).
Reynolds (H.).

34 birds from Liberia. Purchased. [1905. 5. 28, 1-34.]

Cf. Chubb, P.Z.S., 1905, pp. 205-210.
Ricardo (Miss).

8 birds from Canada. Presented. [1900. 12. 30, 1-8.]
Richards (Lieut.).

‚See TRISTRAM, Canon.

Richardson (Sir JoHn).

13 specimens from Port Essington. Presented. [51. 3. 7, 1-13.]

Poephila personata and Stictoptera amnulosa, two rare species of
Weaver-Finches, were new to the collection.

Was naturaliss to Sir John Franklin’s Polar Expedition in 1819, and
till 1822 he was engaged in various explorations in Arctic America

Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xlviii., p. 236.

Rickard (J. C.).

21 speeimens from Port Elizabeth, S. Africa. Presented. [87. 1.
23, 1-21.]

"Rickard was a correspondent of Layard’s, and oltained many in-
teresting species of birds from East London aud Port Elizabeth. His
name occurs frequently in my edition of Layard’s “Birds of Souıh
202

- ET

452 Zoology.

Africa,” and in 1887 he presented some specimens to the Museum. A
few of his skins are also in my collection of African birds, now in the
Museum.

Rickett (Cnarıes BoucHeEy).

56 birds and 61 eggs from Foochow, China. Presented. [94. 10. 27,
1-56; 94. 11. 26, 1-61.]

In this collection were specimens of the Chinese Falconet (Miecro-
hierax melanoleueus), Anthus infuscatus and Lanius fuscatus, new to
the Museum.

254 birds from Fohkien Province. Presented. [98. 5. 11, 1-19;
98. 8.12,1; 99. 4. 1, 1-90; 99. 6. 3, 1-2; 1900. 10. 15, 1-55.]

These collections contained a number of rare and interesting species,
several of which were previously unrepresented in the Museum, viz.,
thopyga latouchei, Allotrius pallidus, etc.

1511 specimens {rom Foochow. Presented. [1900. 1. 18, 1-1106;
1900. 3. 10, 1-18; 1900. 3. 25, 1-99; 1900. 6. 28, 1-69; 1900. 12. 14,
4-19; 1901. 4. 9, 1-17.]

In this large donation is represented a complete series of the birds
collected by Mr. Rickett near Foochow, including the types of the new
'Troson (Harpactes yamakanensis) and the new Reed Warbler (Lusciniola
melanorhyncha) (cf. Mr. Rickett’s papers).

20 nests and 652 eses from Foochow. Presented. [1901. 1. 10,
1-452 ; 1901. 1. 15, 1-200; 1901. 1. 27, 1-20.]

128 birds from Penang. Presented. [1901. 5. 1, 1-128.]

450 birds from Foochow. Presented. [1902. 8. 5, 1-450.]

36 birds and 102 eggs from Chinkiang. Presented. [1902. 11. 13,
1-138.]

cr birds from Feochow. Presented. [1903. 7. 3, 1-989; 1904.
6.2, 1:

154 eggs from South China. Presented. [1904. 12. 11, 1-154.]

1000 birds from Southern China. Presented. [1905. 12. 24, 1-1000.]

Mr. Rickett, who was born in 1851, joined the eastern staff of the
Hongkong and Shanghai Bauking Corporation in January, 1871. He
remained on the staff of the Bank till his retirement in April, 1904,
and was stationed at various times in Japan, India, Java, the Straits
Settlements and China.

Being always fond of ornithology from his youth, he first made a
collection of Singapore birds which was destroyed by moth and damp.
He ıhen collected a few skins in Penang, but did not begin serious work
till 1889, when he was ordered to Foochow.

In conjunction with Mr. F. W. Styan and Mr. J. D. La Touche, Mr.
Rickett has written some excellent memoirs on Chinese ornithology,
as follows :—

RıckEtT, ©. B—On some Birds collected in the vieinity of Foochow.
“ Ibis,” 1894, pp. 213-226.

—— Notice of Errors in his paper on Foochow Birds. Ibis, 1895,
p- 168.

—— Description of Harpaetes yamakanensis. Ibis, 1899, p. 444.

—— Additional Notes on the Birds of Fohkien. Ibis, 1900, p. 52.

—— Deseription of Scops latouchei. Ibis, 1900, p. 535.

—— Additional Field Notes on the Birds of Folıkien. Ibis, 1903,
pp. 215-222.

Rickert (C. B.) and LA Touchte (J. D.).— Additional Observations on
the Birds of the Province of Fohkien. Ibis, 1896, p. 489.

u ee RL ein Ze

_

Birds. 453

—— Additional Observations on the Birds of the Province of Fohkien.
Ibis, 1897, 600-610.

—— Description of some apparently new Birds from China. Ibis,
1897, p. 451.

GRANT, W. R. O.— Description of new Birds obtained from Fehkien.
Ibis, 1598, p. 297.

—— Further Observations on the Birds of the Province of Fohkien,
China. Ibis, 1898, p. 328.

SLATER (H. H.).—On a Further Collection of Birds, made by Messrs.
I ns and Rickett, from N. W. Fohkien. Ibis, 1897, pp. 169-
176, pl. iv.

Rickett (C. B.) and La Touche (J. D.).

144 birds from Fohkien. Presented. [97. 12. 8, 1-47; 98. 1. 28,
1-97.]

In this collection were the types of several new species, Oryptolopha
ricketti, O. sinensis, Fulvetta guttaticollis, Suthora davidiana, Üettia
russula, Lepocestes sinensis, Gecinulus viridanus.

Ridley (H.N.).
See RoYAL SOCIETY.

Mr. Ridley was for some years an assistant in the Botanical Depart-
ment of this Museum. In 1887 he made au expedition to the island of
Fernando Noronha, where he discovered two new species of birds, Klainea
ridleyana, Sharpe, and Vireo gracilirostris, Sharpe. He is now Director
of the Botanic Gardens in the Straits Settlements.

Ringer (F.).

254 specimens from Nagasaki. Presented. [84. 1. 16, 1-254.]

The above collection consisted of the duplicates which Mr. Seebohm
did not require from Mr. Ringer’s series: it added one species, Remiza
consobrina, to the Museum. 'T'he Seebohm Bequest contains a full series
of Nagasaki birds from Mr. Ringer.

Riocour (Comte de).
See BoUCARD, A.

The Comte de Riocour possessed one of the most famous private
collections of birds in the world. Vieillot described many types from it,
and some new species, such as the Swallow-tailed Kite of Africa (Nauelerus
riocouri) were named after the old Count. T'he present Comte de Riocour
was not a naturalist, and the colleetion was disposed of to Mr. Boucard,
who made the first offer of it to the British Museum. In Mr. Boucard’s
company, I made a journey to the Chäteau de Riocour, near Vitry,
and selected all the Vieillotian types I could find, and the Museum also
obtained a specimen of the extinct starling of Mauritius (Fregilupus
varius). 'he collection consisted entirely of mounted birds, and occupied
a large room in the chäteau, being arranged in glass cases, the birds all
being perched on white stands, and the windows rigidly darkened with
green venetian blinds. It is due to the care with which tlıe light had
been excluded that this old collection had remained in such excellent
preservation. Besides the MS. labels of the old Comte de Riocour, I
found from the writing on several of the stands that, in addition to
Vieillot, Prince Bonaparte and Jules Verreaux must have visited the
collection and determined some of the species. In addition to the
Fregilupus, the collection also contained a fine speeimen of the Great
Auk (Plautus impennis).

454 Zoology.

Rippon (Colonel G.).

1058 speeimens from the Southern Shan States. Presented.
[96. 12. 28, 3, 4; 97.1. 4, 1-22; 1900. 12. 20, 1-953 ; 1901. 10. 6, 148.]

Uontained the types of the following new species, Trochalopterum
ripponi, Scheniparus intermedius, Drymocataphus einnamomeus, Stachy-
ridopsis sulphurea, Alcippe fratereula, Yuhina ampelina.

6 specimens from the Kauri-Kachin Hills. Presented. [1901.7. 8, 1-6.]

Ineluded the types of Dryonustes caurensis and Trochalopterum
sharpei.

1170 birds from Mount Victoria. Presented. [1905. 9. 10, 1-1170.]

T'he collection contained the following new species ——4egithaliseus
sharpei, Lophophanes pecilopsis, Suthora ripponi, Janthocinela vietorie,
Trochalopterum holerythrops, Stachyris binghami, Ixops poliotis, Sitta
victoriz, Certhia vietoriz, Urocichla oatesi, Babax vietorie, Hthopyga
victoriz, Pyrrhula victorie.

582 specimens {rom Western Yun-nan. Presented. [1903. 8. 8,
1-582.]

Includes several speries new to the collection, and among them the types
of Suthora styani, Yuhina yanofuensis, Abrornis ripponi, Certhia yun-
namensis, Emberiza yunnanensis, Propasser ripponi, and Anorthura
talifuensis.

277 birds from the Kauri Kachin distriet of Burma. Presented.
[1905. 8. 16, 1-277.]

Rırron (Colonel G.).—Notes on some birds obtained at Kalaw, in the
Soutliern Shan States. Ibis, 1596, pp. 357-362.

—— On the Birds of the Southern Shan States, Burma. Ibis, 1901,
pp. 525-561, pl. xi.

—— Onnew species of Birds from the Southern Shan States. Bull.
Brit. Orn. Ulub, xi., pp. 11, 12 (1901).

—— On new species from the Kauri-Kachin Tract. Op. eit., xii., p. 13
(1902).

—— On new species from Yunnan. Op. eit., xiii., pp. 54, 60 (1903).

—— Ona new species ot lit from Western Yunnan. Op. eit., xiv., p. 18.

—— On new species of Birds from the Southern Chin Hills. t£.c., p. 83.

Colonel Rippon has added greatly to our knowledge of the mountain
fauna of Burma and the adjacent countries, and has spent all his spare
time for several years past in explorations in the Shan States, the Chin
Hills, and has even penetrated into Western Yun-nau. In cunsequence,
our knowledge of the avifauna of these regions has been greatly increased,
and a large number of new species, some of them being of exceptional
beauty aud interest, has been added to the collection of the British
Museum, to which Colonel Rippon has been a mıost generous donor,

Rishton (J. E. W.).
12 specimens of Australian birds. Presented. [69. 11. 16, 1-12.]

Robert (A.).

21 skeletons of birds from Säo Paulo, Brazil. Purchased. [1902.3.15,
1-21.]

275 birds from Pernambuco. Purchased. [1903. 12. 16, 1-275.]
Roberts (C. C.).

30 nests and eggs from Johannesburg. Presented. [1904. 11. 26,
1-30.]

vi

=

Birds. 455

Robillard (M.).

7 specimens from the Forest of Ancaya, Madagascar. Purchased.
[83. 6. 3, 1-9.]

The first examples of Mesites variegata and T’ylas fulviventris were
here acquired by the Museum.

Robinson (H. C.).

149 specimens from the Bellenden Ker range in Queensland and the
Cape York Peninsula. Presented. [97. 4. 21, 1-7; 1900. 4. 26, 1-85;
1901. 3. 20, 1-107.]

13 skeletons of birds from the Malay Peninsula.. Presented.
[1903. 1. 7, 1-13.]

A specimen of Turdinulus humei, from Salangore. Presented.
[1905. 1. 21, 1.]

3 birds from Pahang, including one type and one species new to the
collection. Presented. [1905. 4. 4, 1-3.]

13 skeletons. Presented. [1903. 1. 7, I-13.]

498 birds from the mountains of the Malay Peninsula, collected by
himself and Mr. N. Annandale. Presented. [1905. 2. 1, 1-498.]

Mr. Robinson is a young naturalist who made a successful expedition
to Queensland, and, on his return, worked in the Liverpool Museum,
under the Director, Dr. H. O. Forbes; some excellent papers on birds in
that great institution were published conjointly with the latter in the
“ Bulletin of the Liverpool Museums.” He afterwards visited the Malay
Penivsula with Mr. N. Annandale, when the two explorers made a large
collection of birds in Perak. (Cf. Fasciculi Malayeuses, Zool., part iii.,
1905.) Mr. Robinson is now Director of the State Museum ot Salangore.

Robson (T.).
See STEVENS, S., and SHARPE, R. BOWDLER.

4 birds from Turkey, including the types of Orites tephronotus.
Presented. [1865. 3. 31, 1-2; 1865. 4. 25, 1-2.]

Mr. Robson was a well-known colleetor in Turkey, chiefly in the
neighbourhood of Constantinople and the opposite coast of Asia Minor.
He contributed many excellent notes to the early parts of the “ Birds of
Europe,” and was the discoverer of the Long-tailed Tit, Hgithalus
tephronotus (Günther), ‘ Ibis,’ 1865, pp. 95-98, pl. iv.

Romilly (.Dr.).

75 birds from the Horse-shoe Range in the Astrolabe Mountains.
Presented by the Commissioners of Queensland. [87. 2. 6, 1-75.]

This collection was exhibited at the Colonial Exhibition at South
Kensington, and was afterwards presented 10 the British Museum by the
Queensland Commissioners. It contained many rare species of birds new
to the Museum collection, among them being the female of Paradisornis
rudolphi and other Birds of Paradise.

Rosbach (A.).

21 esgs from the Smolen Islands, N.Norway. Purchased. [98. 6. 20,
1-21.]

Mr. Rosbach was an excellent observer, whom I met on my first
expedition to the Smolen Isles. He had lived there for thirty years, and
was thoroushly well acquainted with the birds of that Archipelago and
their habits. T'he Museum purchased from him eggs of the Turnstone
(Arenaria interpres), the Sheld-Duck (Tadorna tadorna), Teal (Nettium
crecca), and the Hooded Crow (Corone cornix).

456 Zoology.

Rose (H. F.).

3 birds from Nairn-shire. Presented. [88.2.29, 1-8; 88.3.7, 1-5.]
Specimens of the Common Wren (Anorthura troglodytes), and several
species of Tits.

Rosenberg (W.F.H.).

90 birds from Guayaquıl and Puna Island, collected by the late Perry
O. Simons. Purchased. [99. 4. 30, 1-90.]

22 birds from N. Ecuador, chiely from Paramba. Purchased.
[99. 11. 1, 1-22.]

411 specimens from Ecuador and Peru, eollected by Mr. Perry
OÖ. Simons. Purchased. [1900. 10. 2, 1-100; 1900. 12. 2, 1-100;
1901. 4. 25, 1-100; 1901. 10. 14, 1-11; 1901. 10. 30, 1-100.]

Contained the types of new species, Buarremon simonsi, B. pallidi-
ceps, and Conirostrum dilutum, Orypturus berlepschi, etc., and many
other species new to the Museum.

The remainder of the Simons collection, 2300 specimens. Purchased.
[1902. 3. 13, 2300.]

71 specimens from Ecuador and Colombia. Purchased. [1902. 5.5,
1-71.

13 birds from Bosos Land, N.E. Africa, collected by Mr. Schrader.
Purchased. [1902. 12. 9, 1-19.]

420 birds from the Chupat Valley, Patagonia, collected by J. Koss-
lowsky. Purchased. [1903. 12. 8, 1-420.]

19 birds collected in the Tukan Besi Islands, Moluccas. Collected by
Mr. H. Kühn. [1903. 12. 9. 1-19.]

48 birds from Venezuela collected by Messrs. Andre and Boddington.
Purchased. [1903. 12. 12, 1-48.]

24 birds from the Moluccas, 14 new to the collection. Collected by
H. Kühn. [1904. 6. 10, 1-24.]

59 birds from South Western Islands, H. Kühn. Purchased,
[1904. 7. 21, 1-59.]

8 birds from British Columbia. Purchased. [1905. 1. 29, 1-8.]

61 birds from Efulen and River Ja, Camaroons. Collected by G.L.
Bates. Purchased. [19u5. 7. 30, 1-61.] {

Mr. Rosenberg’s first expedition was to Colombia in 1894, where he
remaiued about a year, exploring the western side of the Cauca Valley.
As he paid more attention to entomoloey, his first collection was some-
what small. It was acquired by Mr. Boucard, who described two new
species of Humming-birds, Polyerata rosenbergi and Glaueis columbiana.
A new species of Nishtjar was described as Caprimulgus rosenbergi by
Dr. Hartert (Bull. B.0.C., v., p. 10, 1895).

In 1896 Mr. Rosenberg proceeded to N.W. Ecuador, and made a
somewhat extensive collestion of birds, the whole of which (with the
exception of a few of the Trochilide) is in Mr. Rotlschild’s museum at
Tring. The fullowing species were new to science :—— Nemosia rosenbergi,
Rothsch. (Bull. B.O0.C., vii, p. 6, 1897); Buthraupis rothschildi,
Berlepsch (Bull. B.0.C., vii., p. 3, 1897); Odontophorus parambe,
Rothsch. (Bull. B.0.C., vii., p. 6, 1897); Orypturus berlepschi, Rothsch.
(t.e., p. 5, 1897); Automolus nigricauda, Hartert (£.c., p. 30, 1898);
Cercomacra rosenbergi, Hartert (Bull. B.O.C., vii., p. 29, 1898);
Polioptila schistaceigula, Hartert (Bull. B.O.C., vii., p. 30, 1898);
Thamnophilus cachabiensis, Hartert (Bull. B.O.C., vii., p. 29, 1898);
Cercomacra berlepschi, Hartert (Bull. B.O.C., vii., p. 29, 1898).
Mr. Rosenberg also obtained specimens of the three new Colombian

Birds. 457

species mentioned above, as well as examples of Pionopsittacus pulcher
and Turdus dagux, Berlepsch, which had been described from Western
Colombia subsequently to his visit to that country. During this second
expedition Mr. Rosenberg met with several species previously unrecorded
from Ecuador, and thereby established the close afüinity of the Avifauna
of N.W. Ecuador with that of Colombia.

On his departure from Ecuador, Mr. Rosenberg arranged for further
eollections to be sent from that country by two of his friends, Mr. G.
Flemming and Mr. R. Miketta, from whom he has received several
consignuments coutaining species of very great interest. Among them
were the following, which were new to science :——Neocrew uniformis,
Hartert (Nov. Zool., viii., p. 369, 1901); Automolus pallidigularis
albidior, Hartert (£.c., p. 369); Sclerurus mexicanus obscurior (id., Nov.
Zool., ix., p. 370, 1901); Pittasoma rufopileatum, Hartert (Nov. Zool.,
viii., 370, 1901); Euphonia fulvierissa purpurascens, Hartert (t.c., p. 370) ;
Dacnis berlepschi, kKothsch. and Hartert (Bull. B.0.C., xi., pp. 44, 70,
1901); Grallaria parambz, Rothsch. (Bull. B.O.C., xi., p. 36, 1900).

Many duplicates from the above-mentioned collections have passed
into the collection of the British Museum, including specimens of some
of the new species, but the complete set is to be found in the Tring
Museum.

Ross (BernarD R.).
‚See also MURRAY, A.
139 specimens of birds, 39 eggs, and 16 nests collected during the
exploration of the Mackenzie River. Presented. [63. 1. 28, 1-194.]
Many specimens from Fort Simpson. This is still the only collection
which the Museum possesses from Western Canada.

Ross (Sir JoHN CLARK).
See ADMIRALTY, LORDS OF THE.
Voyages of H.M.SS. Enterprise and Investigator, Erebus and Terror.

Rothery (H. C.).

32 specimens of birds from Cayenne. Presented. [45. 5. 1, 16-68.]
(Cf. Dict. Nat. Biogr., xlv., p. 309.)

Rothschild (Hon. L. WALTER), Ph.D., M.P.

3 specimens of Nyroca ferina from 'Tring Reservoir. Presented. [85.
4. 15, 1-3.]

13 specimens of birds, mostly new to the collection of the British
Museum. Received in exchange. [95. 10. 17, 1-13.]

This collection added many species of extreme value and rarity to the
Museum collection, among them being examples of (Estrelata nigripennis,
(E. gularis, Diomedea bulleri, D. immutabilis, Thalassogeron salvini,
Pteridophora alberti, Bowdleria caudata, Miro dannefordi, Traversia
Iyalli.

4 specimens of birds from Laysan and Rarotonga Islands. Received
in exchange. [96. 1. 8, 1-4.] Three species new to the Museum
collection (Aplonis cinerascens, Telespiza cantans, Himatione freethi).

8 specimens of Humming-Birds from Ecuador. Presented. [96. 2.
11, 1-8.]

97 Humming-Birds from Mexico, and from Ecuador. Presented.
[96. 5. 3, 1-97.]

458 Zoology.

This is a very remarkable series. Every specimen was mounted by
Mr. ©. T. Baron, the well-known traveller-naturalist, on the spot, when
the specimens were shot by him. With the exception of Mr. Rothschild’s
private collection of Humming-Birds, mostly mounted by Mr. Baron in
the field, no Museum possesses such a beautiful exhibition of Humming-
Birds as the British Museum, augmented as it is by the prejarations
desiuned to show the structure of this remarkable Order of birds, as
prepared for public exhibition by the late Sir William Flower.

45 specimens of birds from the Marianne Islands. Received in
exchange. [96. 7. 16, 1-45.]

In this collection were many species new to the Museum (Zosterops
conspieillata, Corvus kubaryi, Megapodius laperousei, Phlegenas
pampusa, etc.

7 specimens from New Zealand and the neishbouring islands.
Exchanged. [97. 11. 18, 1-7.]

Eudyptes schlegeli, Phalucrocorax colensoi, P. nychthemerus, new to
the Museum collection.

7 birds from New Guinea. Exchanged. [97. 12. 5, 1-7.]

Specimens of rare species of Birds of Paradise new to the Museum
collection, Astrapia splendidissima, Rothsch., Onemophilus macgregori,
Paradisea intermedia, Macgregoria pulchra.

48 eogs, from the Salvage Islands, collected by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant.
Presented. [1903. 8. 11, 1-48.]

316 birds from the Azores cullected by Mr. Ogilvie-Grant. Presented.
[1904. 12. 31, 1-316.]

Rothschild (Hon. N. CuArLes).

20 specimens from the Liu Kiu Islands. Presented. [1902. 9. 27,
1-20.]

45 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented. [1904. 12. 14, 1-43.]
Rothschild (Hon. N. CuarLes) and Wollaston (Dr. A. F. R.).

66 birds from the Egyptian Sudan. Presented. [1901. 10. 1. 1-66.]

Several rare species added to the national collection, Bubo desertorum,
Caprimulgus esimius, Passer rufidorsalis, etc. The series of the
beautiful Goatsucker, ©. ewimius, was a donation of very great value,

Routledge (ScorEsBY).

A specimen of Jackson’s Francolin from Equatorial Africa. [1905.
1715917]
Rowland Ward (Messrs.).

2 young Snowy Owls (Nyctea scandiaca). Presented. [1904. 4. 13,
198
Royal College of Surgeons.

155 specimens from various localities. Presented. [45. 2. 21, 262-396.]
Royal Geographical Society.

See SCHOMBURGK, Sir R.; NATIONAL ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION.

Royal Society.

66 birds, nests and eges, from Rodriguez Island, collected by the Rev.
H. H. Selater during the Transit of Venus Expedition. Presented. [76.
3. 14, 1-66.] Specimens of Bebrornis rodericanus and Foudia flavicans,
new to the Museum.

Birds. 459

44 nests and ergs and skeletons of birds, from Rodriguez, collected by
H. Gulliver. Presented. [76. 3. 15, 1-22.

The collections made by the Rev, H. H. Slater and Mr. H. Gulliver
during the Transit of Venus Expedition were described by me in 1879
[Phil. Trans., elxviii. (extra volume), pp. 101-162, pls. vi-vüi.].

22 specimens of birds and 114 eegs from Kerguelen Island. Collected
by the Rev. A. E. Eaton. [76. 4. 26, 1-22; 76. 6. 19, 1-114.]

These specimens were collected by Mr. Eaton during the Transit of
Venus Expedition. He discovered a new species of Duck, which I named
after him Querguedula eatoni, since separated as a distinct genus,
Dafilula, by the late Dr. Ellivt Coues. Owing to various circumstances,
the collection made on the "'ransit of Venus Expedition was a very small
one, and by no means to be compared with that made by Dr. Kidder and
the American expedition (cf. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., no. 2, pp. 1-47, 1875;
no. 3, pp. 1-20, 1876). Mr. Eaton’s notes were, however, excellent, being
the work of a first-class field-naturalist. The Challenger had visited
Kerguelen but a short time before, and he believed that a complete series
of the birds of the island had been obtained, and therefore preserved only
a few specimens. By unearthing the collections of birds made by the old
Antaretic Expedition from the buxes of skins in the British Museum,
concerning which nothing had been published, I was able to compile a
tolerably complete memoir on the birds of these Antarctie regions [cf.
Phil. 'Trans., elxviii. (extra volume), pp. 101-162, pls. vi.-viii., 1879].

30 specimens of birds from the Island of Fernando Noronha, collected
by Mr. H.N. Ridley. Presented. [88. 6. 1, 1-50.]

''wo new species were obtained by Mr. Ridley, viz. Elainea ridleyana,
Sharpe (P. Z. S., 1858, p. 107), and Vireo gracilirostris, Sharpe, Journ.
Linn. Soc. Zool., 20, p. 478, 1890. For Mr. Ridley’s own account of the
expedition, see Journ. Linn. Soc., Botany, vol. xxvii., and “ Zoologist,”
1888, pp. 41-49.

81 specimens from the Island of Dominica, W.l., collected by Mr.
G. A. Ramage. Presented. [88. 9. 21, 1-11; 88. 10. 4, 1-15; 89. 6. 10,
1-58.] For a description of these collections, see Sclater, P. Z. S., 1889,
pp. 326, 327.

50 specimens from Santa Lucia, collected by Mr. G. A. Ramage.
Presented. [89. 8. 5, 1-50] (cf. Selater, P.Z.S., 1889, pp. 394, 395).

27 specimens from Antigua, colletted by Mr. G. A. Ramage.
Presented. [93. 7. 9, 1-27] (ef. Selater, P.Z.S., 1892, pp. 498-500).

62 skeletons of birds from Madagascar, collected by Dr. Forsyth
Major. [97. 5. 10, 1-62.]

Royal Society and British Association.

256 specimens of birds from the Hawaian Archipelago. Presented.
[95. 7. 20, 1-175; 97. 10. 28, 1-81.]

This important collection was made by Mr. Perkins, who has written
a ınost interesting account of the birds of the Hawaian Islands (cf. “ Ibis,”
1893, pp. 101-112, and “ Fauna Hawaiensis,” vol. i., 1903).

In addition to the type-speceimen of the new species, Drepanorhamphus
funereus, the following additions were made to the colleetion of the
British Museum :—Heterorhynchus hanapepe, H. wilsoni, H. afinis,
Hemignathus obscurus, H. procerus, Oreomyza mana, OÖ. montana,
Loxops jlammea, Himatione maculata, H. newtoni, Ithodecanthis
palmeri, Pseudonestor xınthophrys, Chloridops kona, Chlorodrepanis
parva, 0. kalaana, O. chloris, C. chloridoides, O. wilsoni, Ohrysomitridops
ceruleirostris, Phaornis lanaiensis, Acrulocercus bishopi, A. mobilis,

460 Zoology.

Palmeria dolei, Viridonia sagittirostris, Loxops aurea, L. ochracea,
Corvus tropieus, Chaseimpis gayi.

221 birds, nests, eggs, and skeletons from the Islands of Socotra and
Abd-el-Kuri, collected by Mr. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant and Dr. H. O. Forbes.
Presented. [99. 4. 5, 1-51; 99. 8. 11, 1-170.]

The first set of specimens from this celebrated expedition was
presented to the British Museum. The types of the fullowing new
species were included :—Scops socotranus, Phalocrocorax atrigularis,
Caprimulgus jonesi, Fringillaria socotrana, F. insularis, Passer hemi-
leucus, Motacılla forwoodi (cf. “The Natural History of Sokotra and
Abd-el-Kuri,” by W. R. Ogilvie-Grant and H. O. Forbes, LL.D., Aves,
pp. 19-72, pls. iii.-vii.).

Royal Society, and the Universities of Edinburgh and
Liverpool.

498 birds, nests, and eggs from the Malay Peninsula, colleeted by
W.C. Robinson and N. Annandale. Presented. [1905. 2. 1, 1-498.]

Rudd (C. D.)

2952 birds, 29 eggs, 2 nests, collected by H. C. B. Grant in Cape
Colony, Great Namaqua Land, Zulu Land, and E. Transvaal. [1903. 7.
20, 1-72; 1903. 10. 14, 1-385 ; 1905. 12. 29, 1-1952.]

Rüppell (Dr. E.).

57 birds from Abyssinia and Shoa. Purchased. [43. 8. 15, 7-10,
12-13; 42. 8. 16, 1-36; 42. 4. 8, 1-6, 45. 6. 2, 6-15.]

These were duplicates from Dr. Rüppell’s great expedition to
Abyssinia, and the British Museum, with the oflicers of which the
celebrated traveller was on very friendly terms, profited greatly by these
acquisitions.. Many species, new to the collection, were added, the
specimens being co-types and of the greatest value, among them being
the following ——Buteo augur (Rüpp.), Schizorhis zonura, Rüpp., Centropus
monachus, Küpp., Khinopomastus minor (küpp.), Sterna afinis, Cretz-
schm. [= $. media (cf. Saunders, Cat. B., xxv., p. 86)], Zurtur lugens
(Rüpp.), Pxocephalus meyeri (Rüpp.), P. flavifrons (Rüpy.), Lamprotornis
rufiventris, Rüpp. [= Spreo pulcher (P.L.S., Müll.)] (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,
xiii., p. 191), Spreo superbus (Rüpp.), Cinnamopterus tenuirostris (Rüpp.),
Hirundo striolata (Rüpp.) [= H. puella, Temm.] (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x.,
p. 154), H. melanoerissa (Rüpp.), Serinus zanthopygius, Rüpp., Sazxicola
isabellina, Uretzschm., Crateropus leucopygius (Rüpp.), Parus dorsatus,
Rüpp. [= P. leuconotus, Gu£rin] (cf. Gadow, Cat. B., viii., p. 10).
Russell (Lord Ono).

29 specimens of North American birds. Presented. [58.10.29, 1-29.]

Lord Odo Russell was created Baron Ampthill in 1881. He obtained
some interesting birds when attached to the Legation at Washington.

Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., xlix., p. 468.

Sabine (Sir EpwArD).

5 birds from various localities. [84. 7. 21, 1-5.]

Sir Edward Sabine gave many specimens from West Africa in the early
part of the nineteenth century, but no register of the donations appears
to have been kept. A Bush-Shrike (O’haunonotus sabinei) was named after
him by J. E. Gray in the “ Zoological Miscellany,” i., p. 6. He is best
known to English ornithologists by the Fork-tailed Gull (Xema sabinei),

the type-specimen of which was presented to the Museum by his executors
in 1884.

Birds. 461

St. John (Sir OLIVER).

See STEVENS, S.; BLANFORD, W.T.

St. Petersburg Museum.

104 specimens from the Caucasus, Central Asia, and other parts of the
Russian Empire. Exchanged. [87. 11. 2, 1-60; 93.8.1, 1-44.]

Most of the valuable duplicates from the St. Petersburg Museum were
exchanged with the late Mr. Henry Seebohm, and passed into the British
Museum with tbe Seebohm Bequest. A certain number were, however,
received by the Museum through direct exchange, and amongst other
species, the followinz Game-birds were added to the collection, Caccabis
magna, Phasianus talischensis, P. tarimensis and P. satschuenensis.

St. Quintin (GEOFFREY A.).
See also ÖGILVIE-GRANT, W.R.

11 specimens of Cormorants and Shags from Cromarty, N.B. Pre-
sented. [98. 3. 4, 1-11.]

Salangore State Museum (HergBerr C. Rogınson, Director).
13 birds from Salangore. Presented. [1904. 6. 18, 1-13.]

Salle (Aususr).
See also CumInG, H.; SCLATER, P. L.

28 specimens from San Domingo. Purchased. [51. 11. 14, 1-28.]

58 specimens from Southern Mexico. Purchased. [57.7. 30, 4-25;
58. 9. 27, 1-19; 58. 10.1, 1-11; 59. 6. 28, 15-21.]

Salle’s early travels in Central America were principally for the
purpose of making entomological collections, but his ornithological work
was also important, and he discovered several interesting new species.
He first went to San Domingo in 1349, and the collections were sent to
Mr. Hush Cuming [g. v.] for disposal. They were described by Dr.
Sclater (P.Z.S., 1857, p. 230), who also wrote memoirs on Salle’s Mexican
collections (P.Z.S., 1856 |c/. Ibis, 1897, p. 147], pp. 283-311, pls. exx.,
exxi.; 1857, pp. 81, 82, 201-207, 226-230; 1858, pp. 95-99, 294-805).
Salmon (T. K.).

See GERRARD, E.

Mr Salmon was an engineer who, owing to ill-health, left England
in 1872 for Colombia, where he made an excellent collection of the birds
of that country, and their eegs. The collection was described by Dr.
Sclater and Mr. Salvin in the “ Proceedings ” of the Zoological Society
for 1879 (pp. 486-550, pls. xli.-xliii.). "The new species were Oyphorhinus
dichrous, Buarremon eleprorus, Automolus ignobilis, Grallaria rufo-

cinerea and Brachygalba salmoni.
Of. Obituary notice, Ibis, 1879, pp. 384 and 385.

Salvin (ÖsgeErr), F.R.S.

189 birds and 7 eggs from Guatemala. Presented. [59. 2. 5, 1-7;
60. 11. 20, 1-48; 61. 7.16, 1-52; 65. 5. 19, 3-91.]

68 nests of North American birds. Presented. [66. 4. 26, 1-68.]

63 birds from Central America. Purchased. [68. 2. 17, 1-63.]

63 birds from Costa Rica. Purchased. [68. 6. 30, 1-63.]

The two latter collections were duplicates from those sent to Mr.
Salvin by his correspondents. Thronehout his life he was a very keen
ornithologist, and when at a tutor’s at Finchley he began his collecting.
Many specimens of birds and eggs obtained in the neighbourhood of

462 Zoology.

Hampstead and Finchley are in the Salvin-Godman collection, many of
them taken in places now given over to the builder. At Cambridge he
became one of the founders of the British Ornithologists’ Union, with the
two brothers Newton, Canon Tristram, P. L. Sclater, and F. Du Cane
Godman. Here was started that brotberhood which has made tlıe
British school of ornithology pre-eminent in the history of the science,
and from these college days began that close companiouship and
loving friendship which has had such a great influence on the progress
of zoology—I mean, of course, the partnersbip of Mr. Salvin and
Dr. Godman, which finally eulminated in the publication of the “ Biologia
Centrali-Americana.” To myself Salvin was always the kindest of friends,
and I owe much to his advice and guidance throughout my life. In
addition to themany papers which he published, a list of the principal ones
being given by Dr. Godman in his “ Introduction ” to the volumes of the
“ Biologia,” he wrote for many years in conjunetion with Dr. P. L. Sclater,
a complete list of these essays being given in the Memsir of the last-
named Ornithologist published in 1896 by the U.S. National Museum
(Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus., No. 49).

Salvin (O.) and Godman (F. D)).
See GoDMAN, F. D.
Sambon (Dr. Lust).

9 specimens of birds from the Campagna Romana. Presented.
[1901. 1. 29, 1-9.]

These were collected by Dr. Sambon during his stay in {he Campagna,
when he was prosecuting his researches into the causes of malaria.

Sandeman (FLEETWOoOonD).

A young Peregrine from Surendal Valley, Norway. Presented.
[1904. 10. 26, 1.]

Saunders (Ernest).

16 birds from Norfolk Island. Purchased. [88. 10. 5, 1-16.]

Ernest Saunders was an attendant for some time in the Zoological
Department, and was the son of one of our most respected attendants in
the Museum— John Saunders. T'he son afterwards went to Australia,
and was ultimately in the employ of the Australian Museum at Sydney,
taking part in expeditions to Norfolk Island and Lord Howe Island (cf.
E theridge, “The General Zoology of Lord Howe Island,” Mem. Austr.
Mus. Sidney, i. ‚ Birds, pp. 1-48, 1889).

Saunders (Howarp).

101 specimens from Southern Spain. Presented. [72. 11.4, 1-27;
74.4.9,1; 75.11. 22, 1-73.]

'hese included Mr. Saunders’ collection of Aceipitres, which he gave
to the Museum in order to help me with my first two volumes of the
“ÖGatalogue of Birds.” In tbis collection were the only authentic
speeimens of Klanus czruleus aud Falco barbarus obtained in Southern
Spaiv, as well as beautiful skins of Agwila adalberti, Gypaetus barbatus,
and other rare species.

97 birds from various localities (Tangiers, Mogador, S. Spain, etc.)
Presented. [74. 4. 2, 2-8; 79. 4. 19, 1-4; 82. 6. 3, 1- 26; 82. 12. 21,
1-60.

en ergs of Gulls and Terns. Presented. [91. 4. 3, 1-255.]

496 specimens of Laride. Purchased. [94. 10. 58, 1 -496.]

This was the private collection of Gulls and Terns, perhaps the finest

Birds. 465

then in existence, which Mr. Saunders had gathered together for the
purpose of writing a monograph of the Zaridze. When he undertook
to describe these birds in the “Catalogue of Birds,” he parted with his
great collection to the British Museum.

64 specimens from various parts of the world. Presented. [94. 12. 24,
1-15; 95. 10. 12, 1-12; 97. 11. 17, 1-37.]

Mr. Howard Saunders has always been a staunch friend of the Museum.

Of. “ Who’s Who,” 1904, p. 1355.

Saunders (W. RADCLIFFE).

962 eggs, from Alaska, California, Australia, ete. Presented. [1902.
10. 15, 1-962.]

1266 eggs from Canada, the United States, Queensland, etc. Presented.
[1902. 10. 25, 1-964; 1902. 10. 30, 1-302; 1903. 7. 30, 1-351.]

A further large consignment of eggs, chiefly of Palearctic species, was
presented in 1904.

9 birds from the Canary Islands, Japan, etc. Presented. [1905. 4. 11,
1-9.]

Mr. Radcliffe Saunders possessed a very fine collection of eges from
all parts of the world. In 1902 he proposed to restrict his collection to
Palsarctic species, and he presented the whole of his series from the other
regions of the world to the British Museum. He has recently given his
entire Palearctıc collection also—the whole donation consisting of about
10,000 speceimens, vastly increasing the series of eggs in the Museum, and
adding those of a large number of species previously unrepresented.

Saunders (W. WıLson).

18 specimens of birds from various localities. Presented. [73. 5. 30,
1-18.

a patron of science in his dıy. Though chiefly devotine
his attention to other branches of natural history, he had a very good
collection of birds, which I catalogued for him. At my request, he
presented a few specimens which I coveted for the British Museum,
among them the type-specimen of the pretty little Dwarf-owl, Glaueidium
tephronotum, Sharpe, which still remains unique. No second specimen
has yet been discovered, aud the habitat is still unknown.

Schlüter (WILHELn).

65 egas of Cuculus canorus from Germany, with the esgs of the
foster-parents. Purchased. [92. 7. 8, 1-8; 92. 7. 14, 1-86; 93. 8.12,
191]

30 birds from Germany. Purchased. [1901. 5. 3, 2-5; 1901. 7.3,
1-15; 1902. 3. 21, 1-11.]

16 birds from the Palsarctie region. Purchased. [1905. 1. 28, 1-16.]

6 birds from Europe. Purchased. [1905. 4. 25, 1-6.]

Mr. Schlüter is the well-known natural-history agent of Halle a. $.,
and many specimens for mounting in the public gallery have been
acquired from him.

Schmitz (Padre ERNESTO).

20 specimens of birds and eggs from Madeira. Purchased. [95. 9.5,
1-10; 96. 2. 6, 1-6; 96. 7.1, 1-7.]

22 birds from Madeira. Purchased. [1904.7. 22, 1-22.]

Padre Schmitz is Director of the Seminario at Funchal, and has
forned a most interesting Museum of the Fauna of Madeira and the

464 Zoology.

Desertas Islands. It is one of the best local Museums that I have ever

seen, and the Padre is a most efüicient Director, training his pupils to

collect, and to become good naturalists.

Schneider (Gustav).

15 specimens from South-eastern New Guinea. Purchased. [86. 2. 26,
1-15.]

T'hese were from the collection made by the late Carl Hunstein in the
Horse-shoe Range of the Astrolabe Mountains. The following species
were new to the Museum — Parotia lawesi, Lophorhina minor, Zölurzdus
melanocephalus, Phonygama purpureiviolacea, Eos incondita, Psittacella
madaraszi, Oharmosyna stelle, Ptilopus patruelis, and Melidectes emilüi.

6 specimens collected by Dr. Otto Finsch in New Ireland. Purchased.
[37. 1. 26, 1-6.]

Among these were the types of Donacicola hunsteini, Myzomela
ramsayi, and Carpophaga subflavescens.

Schomburgk (Sir R.).

50 birds from British Guiana. Presented by the Royal Geographical
Society. [37. 2. 3, 179-228.]

145 birds from British Guiana. Presented. [37.7. 15, 1-66; 39. 12.1,
1; 40.7.3, 1-71; 44.7. 2,1; 44. 9. 4, 100-105.]

28 specimens from Barbados. Presented. [47. 8. 10, 1-28.]

5 specimens from Bermuda. [47. 10. 25, 1-5.]

Sir Robert Schomburgk died in Berlin in March 1865.

Of. Ibis, 1865, p. 240.

Schrader (G.).

‚See ROSENBERG.

Schultze (H.).

60 birds from the Caucasus. Purchased. [1902. 12. 7, 1-60.]

The Caucasian Long-tailed Tit (Zgithalus caucasicus), was received
for the first time. Other specimens have since been acquired with the
Menzbier collection of Paride.

Sclater (PnıLıp LutLey), D.Se., F.R.S.

8 specimens, from South America, including the types of Turdus
ignobilis and Rallus semiplumbeus. Presented. [57. 11. 5, 1-3;
57.11. 18, 1-5.]

7 specimens from 8. Mexico, collected by A. Salle. Purchased.
[63. 9. 5, 1-7.]

2 type-specimens of Sawicola spectabilis, Hartl., from Windvogelberg
(ef. P.Z.S., 1865, pp. 428, 429, pl. xxüi.) (= Myrmecoeichla bifasciata,
'Temm.; cf. Seebohm, Cat. B., v., p. 355, 1881), collected by Capt.
Bulger. Presented. [65. 10. 16, 1-2.]

10 specimens from Santiago, Chili, colleeted by Landbeck. Purchased.
[67. 5. 16, 1-10.]

An esg of the Spotted Bower-bird, Ohlamydodera maculata. Presented.
[73. 6. 27, 5.

10 RER from Central and South America. Purchased.
133. 4. 20, 1-10.]

521 specimeus of American birds (Zirundinide and Mniotiltide.
Purchased. [84. 5.15, 1-521.] Thirty-three species were added to the
collection, including the types of Cotile fulvipennis (= Stelgidoptery&

u

Birds. 465

serripennis, Audub. ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., x., p. 206), Polioptila boliviana,
P. lactea, Leucopeza semperi, Geothlypis speciosa, Basileuterus roraime,
B. mesochrysus, B. griseiceps, B. cinereicollis, B. fraseri, B. mesoleucus,
B. semicervinus, B. uropygialis, B. leucopygius, Setophaga albifrons,
Gramnatellus pelzelni.

210 specimens of American birds (Orebide). Purchased. [84. 7. 31,
1-210.

a species, with the following 14 types, were added to the
Museum :—Diglossa gloriosa, D. indigotica, Diglossopsis czerulescens,
Oreomanes fraseri, Conirostrum fraseri, Daecnis carebicolor, D.
pulcherrima, D. salmoni, Chlorophanes guatemalensis, O. purpurascens,
Czreba carneipes (= C. eyanea, L-; cf. Selater, Cat. B., xi., p. 32),
O©. lueida, Certhiola dominicana, ©. braziliensis.

769 speeimens of American Fringillide. Purchased. [85. 2. 8,1-8;
85. 2. 10, 1-761.]

71 species added to the Museum, with types of the following
25 species :— Pheueticus crissalis, P. uropygialis, Oryzoborus occidentalis,
O. melas, O. funereus, O. ethiops, Spermophila pileata, S. ophthalmica,
S. ocellata, 8. corvina, Paroaria cervicalis, Poospiza erythrophrys, P.
whitei, P. bonapartei, P. czsar, Phrygilus ocularis, Zonotrichia quin-
questriata, Peucza botterü, P. boucardi, Embernagra olivascens, Pipilo
albieollis, Coccothraustes maculipennis, Ohrysomitris uropygialis, Sycalis
pelzelni, S. chrysops.

1124 specimens of Tanagride. Purchased. [85. 6. 12, 1-1124.]

45 species added to the collection, with the types of the following
65 species:—Procnias tersa occidentalis, Chlorophonia frontalis, 0.
flavirostris, Euphonia pyrrhophrys, E. coneinna, E.finschi, E. fulvierissa,
E. melanura, E. vittata, E. chalcopasta, E. chrysopasta, Chlorochrysea
nitidissima, Cailiste tatao czlicolor, ©. xwanthogastra, O. virescens, (0.
icterocephala, O. ruficapilla, ©. chrysonota, O©. ceyanolema, 0. vieilloti, Ö.
eyanescens, O. cyanopygia, 0. taylori, ©. melanotis, ©. cyanotis, Ö.
rufigenis, ©. lunigera, ©. venusta, Iridornis porphyrocephala, Tanagra
subeinerea, Tanagra auricrissa, Rhamphocelus dorsalis, R. ephippialis,
R. uropygialis, R. unicolor, Phenicothraupis erythrolema, Tachyphonus
albospecularis, T. eristatellus, Nemosia guirina, N. auricollis, N. insignis,
N. albigularis, N. ornata, Ohlorospingus chrysophrys, Sphenops ignobilis,
Chlorospingus oleagineus, (©. castaneicollis, CO. goeringi, ©. melanotis,
Urothraupis stolzmanni, Buarremon phzopleurus, B. inornatus, B. casta-
neiceps, B. spodionotus, B. eleoprorus, B. taczanowskii, B. castaneifrons,
B. eitrinellus, Arremon spectabilis, A. nigrirostris, A. axillaris, Saltator
laticlavius, S. Hlavidicollis, S. isthmicus and Tanagra olivina (= Schisto-
chlamys atra, Gm. ; cf. Sclater, Cat. B., xi., p. 301).

384 specimens of American /eteride. Purchased. [85. 7. 12, 1-384.]

Ineludes 10 types, viz.:—Ostinops salmoni, ©. oleaginus, Cassicus
flavierissus, O. microrhynchus, Ageleus imthurni, A. forbesi, Leistes
erythrothorax, Neopsar nigerrimus, Jeterus laudabilis, I. wagleri.
25 species were new to the Museum collection.

33 birds from S. America, including the type of Hzmophila pulchra.
Purchased. [86. 8. 1, 1-33.]

310 specimens of American Turdide and Mimid&z. Purchased.
[86. 8. 2, 1-310.]

Included the types of nine species, C(atharus oceidentalis, C.
pheopleurus, Turdus leucauchen, T. ephippialis, T. fulviventris, T.
pinicola, Melanoptila glabrirostris, Harporhynchus ocellatus, Cinclus
leuconotus.

voL. II. 2H

466 Zoology.

468 specimens of American Troglodytide and Vüireonide. Pur-
chased. [86. 9. 15. 1-468.] Included 36 types, as follows :—

Campylorhynchus qularis, ©. jocosus, 0. nigriceps, ©. striaticollis,
Cinnicerthio fulva, Oyphorhinus pheocephalus, C. dichrous, Mierocereulus
squamulatus, J.eteroenemis albigularis, Miecrocerculus marginatus,
Thryophilus nigricapillus, Thryothorus mystacalis, T. euophrys, T. felir,
T. martinicensis, T. mesolencus, Troylodytes intermedius, T. solstitialis,
T. brunneicollis, Uropsila leurogastra, \ireusylvia cobanensis, V. joseph,
Vireo modestus, V. hypochryseus, Hylophilus pectoralis, H. museirapinus,
H. insularis, H. brunneiceps, H. orhraceiceps, Hl. rubrifrons, H. feru-
gineifrons, H.luteifrons, H. semieinereus, Oyelorhis flavipectus, C. viren-
ticeps, Eremophila pereyrina.

25 specimens from the Solomon Islınds. Pıesented. [87.1.20,1-25.]

Included the types of four species, Ninox solomonis, Sharje (= N.
variegata, Q. and G.; cf. Salvad., Orn. Pap., i., p. 88), Rallus intactus,
Selater (= G@ymmnocrex plumbeiventris, Gray ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii.,
p. 52, 1894), Mino kreffti, Selater (cf. P.7.8., 1869, pp. 118-126,
pls. ix., x.).

485 speeimens of Trochilide. Purchased. [87. 3. 14, 1-485.]

1718 specimens of Tyrannide, Pipride, and Cotingide. Purchased.
[83. 1. 13, 1-1718.]

25 species were new to the collection of the British Museum, and the
following types were added to it:—Agriornis pollens, A. insolens,
4A. solitaria, Ochlheca fumicolor, O. superciliosa, O. polionota, O. leuco-
metopa, O. eitrinifrons, ©. lessonii, O. nigrita, O. salvini, O. gratiosa,
OÖ. murina, Mecocerculus stictopterus, M. calopterus, M. peeilocercus,
Fluvicola atripennis, Unipolegus hudsoni, C. pusillus, Copurus fusei-
capillus, Muscisaxicola fluviatilus, Platyrhynehus flavigularis, P. albi-
gularis, P. coronatus, Todirostrum nigriceps, T. pulchellum, T. schista-
ceiceps, T. picatum, Oncostoma cinereigulare, Euscarthınus pelzelnt,
E. impiger, Hapalocereus fulviceps, H. flaviventris, Pogonotriccus guala-
quizz, Serpophaga hypoleuca, 8. subflava, Anzretes agilis, Leptopogon
pecilotis, L. peruvianus, L. erythrops, Phyllomyias berlepschi, Myiopatis
semifusca, Ornithion inerme, O. imberbe, T’yranniscus cinereiceps, 1. im-
probus, T. gracilipes, T. viridissimus, T. chrysops, T. flavidifrons,
T. leucogonys, Elainea semipagana, E. gigas, E. riisü, E. griseigularis,
E. modesta, E. hypospodia, E. pudica, E. fallax, E. implacens, E. elegans,
E. flavivertex, Sublegatus glaber, Phyllomyias platyrhyncha, Rhynchos
eyclus zquinoetialis, R. fulvipectus, R. einereiceps, R. viridiceps, Pitangus
taylori, Myiodynastes nobilis, M. atrifrons, Syristes albocinereus, Mega-
rhynchus chrysogaster, Museivora occidentalis, Onipodecles subbrunneus,
©. minor, Myiobius sulphureipygius, M. villosus, M. aureiventris,
M. flavicans, M. pulcher, M. bellus, M. erypterythrus, M. eryptoxanthns-
Pyrocephalus mexicanus, Empidochanes fringillaris, E. pecilurus, Mitre-
phanes phzocercus, Empidonax ridywayi, Contopus brachytarsus, Myi-
archus phzonotus, M. apicalis, M. nigricapillus, M. nigriceps, Tyrannus
niveigularis, T. rostratus, Chloropipo holochlora, Masius coronulatus,
Metopothrix aurantiacus, Pipra flavieollis, P. leucorrhoa, Tyranneutes
brachyurus, Sel. aud Saıv. (= Pipra virescns, Pelz.; cf. Scl., Cat., xiv.,
p- 302), Machzropterus delieiosus, Pipra flavitineta, Sel. (= Chiro-
machzris flaveola, Uass. ; cf. Scl., Cat., xiv., p. 315), Heteropelma wallacer,
H. amazonum, H. stenorhynchum, H. flavicapillum, H. igniceps, Hadro-
stomus homochrous, Pachyrhamphus spodiurus, P. einereiventris, P.
dorsalis, P. albogriseus, Lipaugus immundus, Attila eitriniventris,
IThamnophilus strenuus, Sel. (= Attila rhammophiloides, Spix: cf. Scl.,

Birds. 467

Cat., xiv, p. 364), A. torridus, Casiornis fusca, Pipreola jucunda,
Cephalopterus penduliger, Doliornis sclateri, lacz.

347 specimens of American Woodpeckers (Piei). Purchased. [89. 2.26,
1-347.]

Five species were added to the British Museum, and the following
tvpe-specimens :—Picumnus wallacer, Harzitt, Dryocopus fuscipennis,
Sclater, Melanerpes pulcher, Sclater, Oeleus subflavus, Sclater (= (. flavus,
Müll.; of. Hargıtt, Cat., xviii., p. 440, 1890), C. fraseri, Malh. (= (0.
luricatus, keichenb. ; cf. Hargitt, Cat. B., xvii., p. 482, 1890).

658 specimens of Dendrocolaptide. Purchased. [59. 5. 20, 1-658.]

8 species were new to the collection, and the following types were
acquired :——@eositta erassirostris, Furnarius agnatus, F. torridus, Upu-
certhia excelsior, Oinclodes albidiventris, Lochmias sororia, Leptasthenura
pileata, L. andicola, Synallaxis moestı, 8. spixi, 8. elegans, S. elegantior,
S. hypospodin, 8. subpudica, 8. pudica, Siptornis antisiensis, 8. curtata,
S. erythrops, S. suberistata, 8. arequipe, 8. hudsoni, 8. wyatti, Phace-
lodomus rufipennis, Thripophaga guttuligera, Automolus holostictus, H.
ignobilis, A. striaticeps, A. rubiginosus, A. rubidus, A. melanopezus,
Philydor consobrinus, P. erythronotus, P. panerythrus, P. cerwicalis,
Anabazenops oleagineus, A. variegaticeps, A. temporalis, A. striaticollis,
4A. subalaris, Xenops littoralis, Ancistrops linraticeps, Dendrornis eytoni,
Picolaptes puncticeps, P. layardi, Xiphorhynchus thoracicus, Scl. (=X.
trochilirostris, Licht. ; ef. Scl., Cat.,xv.,p. 159), X. pusillus, Dendrocincla
homochroa, D. ruficeps, Dendrocolaptes puncticollis, D. radiolatus.

726 speceimens of Formicariide. Purchased. [39. 9. 20, 1-726.]

The following types were included :— Thamnopnilus melanoerissus, T.
transandianus, T. immaculatus, T. zthiops, T. melanvochrous, Myrmelastes
plumbeus (= Thamnophilus plumbeus; cf. Sel., Cat. B., xv., p. 193),
T. nigrieinereus, T. nigriceps, T. capitalis. T. simplex, T. amazonicus,
T. leucauchen, T. loreto-yaquensis, T. melanonotus, T. puncticeps,
Thamnistes anabatinus, T. zquatorialis, Pygoptila margaritata, Dysi-
thımmus leucostietus, D. ardesiacus, D. unicolor, D. gutturalis, Myrmo-
therula pyrrhonota, M. erythrura, M. melena, M. cinereiventris,
M. urostieta, Herpsilochmus frater, H. pectoralis, Formieivora speciosa,
F. caudata, F. boucardi, Rhamphocznus albiventris, R. sancta-martiz,
Microbates torguatus, Cercomaera napensis, O. nigricans, Ü. carbonaria,
C. maculicanda, Perenostola fortis, Heterocnemis leucostigma, Myrme-
cizu immaculata, M. pelzelni, Hypocnemis hypoxantha, H. erythrophrys,
H. melanura, Pithys leucaspis, P. lunulatus, Thamnocharis dignissima,
Grallaria mexicana, @. regulus, @. haplonota, (#. nuchalis, G. ruficeps,
G. rufocinerea, G. flavotincta, @. erythroleuca, @. erythrotis, G. grisei-
nucha, @. fulviventris, Grallaricula loricata, @. cucullata, Conopophaga
torrida, Sel. (=Ü. peruviana, Des Murs; cf. Sel., Cat., xv., p. 831),
C. castaneiceps, ©. gutturulis, Sel. (= C. eustaneiceps; ef. t.c, Pp. 332),
Agathopus mieropterus, Se. (= Sceytalopus analis, Lafr.; cf. Scl., Cat.,
xv., p. 342), Liosceles thoracicus, Rhinoerypta fusca.

745 birds from varıous localities. Purchased. [1905. 1. 30, 1-745.]

726 specimens of Formicariidz (Ant-Thrushes), including 67 types.
Purchased. [89. 9. 20, 1-726.]

221 specimens of Picarian birds (Cuckoos, Toucans, Barbets) including
2 types (Diplopterus excellens, and Cayito aurantüicollis), aud 5 species
new to the collection. Purchased. [89. 9. 27, 1-221.]

196 specimens of Cypselide (Swiits) and Caprimulgide (Night-jars),
including 2 types (Hemiprocne biscutata, and Chatura cinereiventris), aud
5 species new to the collection. Purchased. [90. 2. 18, 1-196.]

2 u 2

468 Zoology.

154 speeimens of Picarian birds (Motmots, Todies, Kingfishers,
Trogons), ineluding the type of Momotus microstephanus. Purchased.
[90. 4. 20, 1-154.]

266 specimens of Psittaci (Parrots), including 7 types (Conurus
holochrous, O. rubritorques, ©. rhodogaster, Chrysotis sallei, Urochroma
stietoptera, U. delectissima), and 4 species new to the collection.
Purchased. [90. 6. 1, 1-266)].

71 specimens of Galbulid® (Jacumars), including 5 types (Urogalba
amazonum, Galbula rufoviridis, G. melanogenia, G. inornata,
G. fulviventris). Purchased. [90. 8. 12, 1-71.]

157 specimens of Buecconidz (Puff-birds , including 5 types (Bucco
napensis, B. leucocrissus, D. pulmentum, Malacoptila inornata, Nonnula
brunnea). Purchased. [90. 8. 28, 1-137.}

26 eggs of various birds (Struthio molybdophanes, Casuarius wester-
manni, Chauna chavaria, etc.). Presented. [91. 6. 21, 1-26.]

58 bırds from Lomas de Zamora, Buenos Aires, collected by
Dr. F. Withington. Purchased. [92. 6. 59, 1-58.]

This collection was described by Dr. Sclater in the Ibis for 1888
(pp. 461-473).

16 birds from the West Indies, colleeted by Mr. W. B. Richardson.
Purchased. [93. 12. 16, 1-16.]

6 birds dsom Adis Abeba, Abyssinia, colleeted by the late
Capt. Welby. Presented. [1901.1. 28, 1-6.]

Contained a specimen of Z’uracus donaldsoni, previously only known
from Somali Land.

6 specimens of Colies in spirit from South Africa. Presented.
{1905. 5. 17, 1-6.]

Dr. Sclater was for more than forty years the Secretary of the
Zoological Society of London. He took office, on the retirement of
Mr. D. W. Mitchell, who had accepted the 1ost of Director of the
“Jardin d’Acelimatation” in Paris. The affairs of the Zoological
Society were then at a low ebb, but by the eflicient management and
enthusıasm of the new Secretary the Society was re-constituted, and a
career of ever-increasing success was inaugurated. It is needless to
allude to the fame of the Society, since Dr. Sclater became its Secretary,
as the proof is patent in the volumes of the ‘Proceedings’ and
‘ Transactions’ since the year 1859 to the present time. A Memoir by
Professor G. Brown Goode, recording “the published writings of Philip
Lutley Sclater, 1844-1896,” appeared in the last-named year as “ Bulletin
No. 49 of the United States National Museum.” At that date his
contributions to zoological literature amounted to 1297! "The memoir by
Professor Brown Goode gives a full synopsis of Dr. Sclater’s work, a
wonderful example of a man’s energv ; but there is one feature in the
character of this truly great Englishman which has not yet been
published, and that is his extreme kındness and encouragement to the
yvung men commencing their scientific career. T'here are many men
now living, besides myself, who can testify to the assistance which was
freely oftered to us by Dr. Sclater, when we were putting our first
footstep on the ladder.

He was born in 1829 at Tangier House in Hampshire, educated at
Winchester College, whence he went to Oxtord, here meeting Hugh E.
Strickland, who was Reader in Geology to the University. Strickland
became bis ınstructor, and a close friendship resulted between the two
men, continued up to Stricklaud’s untimely death. A joint paper on
the birds of Damara Land appeared in the “Contributions to Orni-

Birds. 469

thology” for 1852. It was by Strickland’s advice that Srlater took up
the study of American birds, and after some few papers on British species
as observed by him in Hampshire, near the family seat at Hoddington
and in the neighbourhood of Odıham, he commenced his work on the
Tanagers in 1350. Since that time he has written a continued series of
memoirs and papers on Neotropical birds, and he got together a splendid
collection of Passeres from that region. This colleetion was purchased
by the Trustees of the British Museum, when Dr. Sclater agreed to write
some of the volumes of the “ Catalogue of Birds.” The great number of
types in the collection rendered this one of the most valuable acquisitions
ever made by the National Museum.

In addition to the separate memoirs and papers, now amounting to
some 1,300 in number, Dr. Sclater has published many important bo.ks,
the best known of which are the “ Argentine Ornithology ” (with Mr. W.H.
Hudson) and “ Exotic Ornithology.” "The latter work was written in collabo-
ration with the late Osbert Salvin, who for many years was joinr-author
with Dr. Sclater of a long series of memoirs dealing with Neotropical
Ornithology. It must not be supposed, however, that the latter subject
alone occupied Dr. Sclater’s energy, lor he has written on many other
subjects, and has been prominenily connected with all the recent
expeditions which have been promoted either by the Government, or the
Royal Geographical Society, or the British Association. He was the editor
of the first series of the Ibis from 1859-1864 and with the exception
of the second and third series (1865-1875), he has been joint-editor down
to the present time. For a full and complete account of Dr. Sclater’s
career, the reader is referred to Prof. Brown Goode’s memoir, already
noticed.

See also * Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1434.

Scott-Elliott.

‚See ELLIOTT.

Scott (G. FırrH).

19 birds from South-Western Australia. Presented. [1904. 7. 14,
1-9; 1905. 11. 19, 1-10.]

Scott (Sir SamveL Epwarn), Bart.

58 birds from New Zealand. Presented. [95. 3. 15, 1-53].
Of. * Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1440.

Scott (W.E. D.).

See PRINCETON MUSEUM, N. J.

When QCurator of ıhe Princeton Museum, New Jersey, Mr. Scott
visited England and exchanged a valuable collection of duplicate eggs
from his museum for a large series of bird skins from the British
Museum. His life has been a very adventurous one, especially for a man
who was delicate and afflicted with lameness. He made large collections
of birds in Arizona, Culorado, and Florida, as well as in many of the
Eastern States of North America. T'he history of his life is told in his
interesting “ Story of a Bird-Lover ” (New York, 1905).

Scully (Dr. J.).

63 birds from Gilgit. Presented. [81. 2. 25, 1-33; 81. 7. 12,
1-30.]

An important memoir on the birds of Gilgit was published in the
‘Ibis’ for 1881 (pp. 415-453, 567-594). Dr. Scully’s donations

470 Zoology.

contained specimens of Anorthura cashmiriensis and Fringillauda
sordida, new to the Museum collection.

60 birds from Nepal [>1. 3. 19, 1-60].

These specimens were duplicates from the collection made by
Dr. Scully uurivg his residence at Khatmandu in Nepal. The rest of
the series obtain: d at this time was gıven to Mr. Hume, and came into
the Mus-um with that gentleman’s collection in 1885.

29 Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia, from Yarkand [83. 6. 6, 1-29.]

Seale (Auvın).
* 26 birds. Purchased. [97. 10. 25, 1-26.]

Seebohm (Henry).

27 birds from Norway and the Petchora River. Presented. [76.3. 22,
3. 29.] (cf. Seebohm, Ibis, 1576, pp. 105-126, 215-250, 289-311, 434-
456, pls. v., vii.).

23 birds fıom Heligoland. [76. 10. 17, 8-21; 76. 11. 29, 1-9.]

For an account of Mr. Seebohm’s visit to Heligoland, in which I had
the good fortune to accompany him and Mr. Francis Nicholson, cf. Ibis,
1877, pp. 156-165.

20 Warblers and Flycatchers from the Petchora River, the Yenesei
River, Heligoland, etc. Presented. [78. 12.23,1-15; 78. 12. 31, 15-19.]

51 birds from various localities. Presented and exchanged. [79. 2. 3,
14; 19.3.8, 1-6; 79. 3.:14, 1-17; 79.3. 24, 135, 79 HS BE
81. 2. 24, 1-15.]

41 Thrushes (Turdide). Presented. [81. 2. 24, 16-56.]

In 1850 Mr. Seebohm commenced to write the fifth volume of the
“Catalogue of Birds,” and gave many specimens to the British Museum.

190 specimens of Timeliide (Babbling-Thrushes) from the Himalayas,
Ch'na, etc. Presented. [82. 3. 1, 1-190.]

3 specimens ol Pallas’ Sea-Eagle (Haliaetus pelagicus). [85. 4. 19,
1-3.

ns form part of the mounted group of this great Sea-Eagle in the
Bird Gallery.

480 Accipitres and Striges (Birds of Prey). Presented. [86. 3. 25,
1-463; 86. 11. 18, 1-17.]

In the year 13856 Mr. Seebohm determined to present to the British
Muscum all the large birds in his collection, finding a want of space in his
private house for big skins. Among the Aceipitrine types given in 1886
were those of Aquila amurensis, Swinhoe, Milvus palustris, A. Anderson,
Cerchneis pekinensis, Swinhoe, Aetupa magnifica, Swinhoe, Athene
plumipes, Swinhoe, Scops glabripes, Swinhoe, $. umbratilis, Swinhoe,
Glaueidium pardalotum, Swinhoe, Strix pitheecps, Swinhue.

17 Hawks and Owls, ineludiug the type of Spilornis rutherfordi,
Swinhoe. Preseuted. [86. 11. 18, 1-17.]

7 birds from Japan, the Caucasus, ete., including 4 specics new to
the collection. Presented. [87. 8. 16, 1-7.]

539 Cuckoos (Cueuli) from various localıties, including the types of
Quculus kelungensis, Swinh., and (. monosyllabicus, Swinh. Presented.
[87. 12. 19, 1-539.]

87 Petrels (Procellariide), including the type of the Oceanodroma
monorhis (Swinhoe). Presented. [87. 12. 19, 540-515.]

35 specimens from Pinetown, Natal, collected by Mr. T. L. Ayres.
Presented. [88. 3. 11, 1-35.]

Birds. a7ı

85 speeimens of Starlings, inelnding the type of Acridotheres siamensis,
Swinhoe. Presented. |88. 7. 10, 1-85.]

13 Game-birds from the Futtegurh distriet, in Northern India,
collected by the late Andrew Anderson. Presented. [88. 8. 1, 1-18.]

Mr. Anderson was a first-rate field-natnralist, as was abundantly
evidenced by the essays which he wrote, ad by the colleetion which he
made. This collection was purchased by Mr. Seebohm, and was of great
servi: e to him in his exchange with the St. Petersburg Museum, whereby
thhe British Museum benefited to such a wonderful extent by the Seebohm
Bequest. At the ıime of his death, his cllection of Palaarctic birds was
one of the most crlebrated in the world, and contaned a number of
specimens from the collections made by Russian travellers, Przewalski,
Severtzow, Russow, and others.

60 birds from Turkestan. Presented. [88. 12. 30, 1-60.]

Many iuterestiug species we e viven by Mr. Seebohm on this occasion,
amongst them being examples of Phasianus vlangeli and P. strauchi, both
new to the collection.

21 specimeus of Barbets (Capitonide), including the types of Oyanops
nuchalis (Gould), and C. faber (Swinhve). Presentet. [89. 2. 1, 1-21.]

174 specimmens of Pig ons (Culumbidx). Presentei. |39. 3. 2, 1-174.]

Among the types of Pi:eous presented by Mr. Seebuhm at this date
were those of Macropygia minor, >Swinhoe [= M. swinhoei, Wardlaw
Ramsay]|, Chalcophups formosana, Swinhve (cf. Salvad., Cat. B., xxi.,
p. 514), Treron sororius, Swinhoe, 7. formos®, Swinhoe, Osmotreron
domvillei, Swinhoe.

104 specimens of Ploceidz (Weaver-birds and Weaver-Finches, includ-
ing tne type of Munia formosana and M. topela, Swinhoe). Presented.
[39. 3. 15, 1-104. ]

41 specimens of Pigeons, Cuckoos, etc. Presented. [39. 3. 16, 1-41.]

4 species of Woodpeckers (Pieide) new to the Collection, being the
types of Picus noguchii, Seebohm, /yngipieus doerriesi, Hargitt, and
J. nigrescens, Seebonm. [39. 5. I, 1—4.]

21 specimens ot Weaver-Birds, etc. Presented. [39. 5. 21, 1-21.]

237 specımens of Larks (Alaudidx). Presented. [90. 1. 29, 1-257.]
Inceluded the following types from the Swinhoe collection, (alerita
le ıutungensis, Swinhve, Alauda intermedia, Swinlive, A. pehinensis,
Swinhve, A. cwlivox, Swinlwe, A. wattersi, Swinhoe, A. sula, Swiuhoe,
Mirafra parva, Swiuho., Oulandrella cheleensis, Swiuhoe.

79 specimens of Kıuzsfisuers (Alcedinide). Presented. [90. 10. 6,
1-8; 90. 11. 4, 1-71.]

44 speeimens of Hoopoes, Rollers, and Barbets. Presented. [90. 12.
10, 1-25; 91. 4. 20, 1-17.] Inciuded specimens of the Mountain Barbet
(Oyanops monticola) from Mt. Kina Balu, N.W. Borneo, new to the
coliectiun.

177 specimens of Gu'ls and Terns (Laride). Presented. [92. 5. 4,
1-120; 94.1. 6, 1-57.]

1,013 specimens of Wading-birds (Charadriiformes). Presented.
[92. 8. 1, 1-403; 92. 8. 3, 1-545.] C/.. Seebohm, Geogr. Dist. Ohara-
drüde, 1888.

3 specimens of Pigeons, new to the collection (Columba nitens, (.
versicolor). Presented. [92. 11. 23, 1-3.]

370 specimens of Heıons (Ardeiformes), Waders (Oharadriiformes),
and Rails (Aalliformes), including the tvpe of Ortyyops exquisita.
Presented. [93.1. 25, 1-289; 94. 1. 20, 1-81.]

5 specimeus of birds, three new to the collection [@rus nigricollis,

472 Zoology.

Tetraophasis szechenyi, Rhinoptilus seebohmi (type)]. Presented. [93. 5.
1, 1-2; 9. 11. 24,1; 93. 12. 2141-2.]

3 specimens of Rollers (Coraciide). Presented. [93. 12. 13, 1-3.]

122 specimens of Waders (Churadrüformes) aud Owls (Strigiformes),
Fe the type of Cursorius somalensis. Pıesented. [94. 2. 19,
1-122.

354 specimens of Ducks (Anseriformes), including the type of
Nettapus kopschi, Swinhoe (= N. coromandeliana (Gm.), cf. Salvad.,
Cat. B., xxvii., p. 68). [94. 8. 12, 1-354.]

60 specimens of Grebes (Podicipediformes) and Wading-Birds (Chara-
drüformes). Presented. [94. 9. 1, 2-61.] Includes the type of Ahinop-
tilus hartingi.

18 a of Owls from Japan and Formosa. Presented. [94. 12.
23, 1-18.

46 Petrels (Procellariiformes), and Guils and Terns (Zariformes),
from the Gulf of the Amur, and the Kurile and Bonin Islands. (Of.
Seebohm, Ibis, 1890, pp. 95-108). Presented. [95. 3. 7, 1-21; 9.5.
14, 1-25.]

Mr. Seebohm died on the 26th of November, 1895, and bequeathed his
collection of birds to the British Museum.

827 specimens of Wading-Birds (Charadrüformes) and Game-Birds
(Galliformes). Seebohm Bequest. [96. 1. 1, 1-827.]

Among the Game-birds were the types of several species described by
Swinhoe and Seebohm himself. These were as follows :—Arboricola
bambuse, Swinh. (= Bambusicola thoracica, Tenım., cf. Grant, Cat. B.,
xxil, p. 258), Crossoptium leucurum, Swinhoe, C. mantchuricum,
Swinhoe, Oreoperdix erudiyularis, Swinh., Pucrasia darwini, S&winlior,
Phasianus prineipalis. Sclater, P. tarnowskii, Seebohm (=P. zerafscha-
nicus, Tarnowski, cf. Grant, Cat. B., xxii, p. 326), P. decollatus,
Swinhoe, Callophasis ellioti, Swinhoe.

230 skeletons of Birds. Seebohm Begnest. [96. 2. 16, 1-230.]

84 Swifts (O'ypseli) and 23 birds from Mt. Kina Balu. beebohm
Bequest. [96. 4. 4, 1-107.]

Ineluded in this douat.on were the types of Oypselus pekinensis,
Swinhoe, 0, tinus, Swinhoe (= Tachornis infumata, Sel, cf. Hartert,
Cat. B., xvi., p. 467).

12 mouuted birds for the publie gallery! Seebohm Bequest. [1896.
5.10 1-9: 1896. 5. 24, 1-8.]

15 birds fıom Forniosa, cllected by Mr. P. A. Holst. Seebuhm
Bequest. [96. 5. 2, 1-15.] (f. Seebohm, Ibis, 1895, p 211.

1031 specimens of Zurdid (Thrush«s). Seebobm Bequest. [96. 6.
1, 1-1031.]

5 species new to the Collection. Types of Geocichla aurata, Sharpe,
@G. dixoni, Seebohm, Merula scanthoscelis, Jard., M. mareensis, Layarı,
M. pritzbueri, Layard, M. tempesti, Layard, M. bicolor, Layard, M.
albiceps, Swinhoe, M. seebohmi, Sharpe, M. vanuensis, Seehohm (=M.
vitiensis, Layard, cf. Sharpe in Seebohm’s Monogr. Turdid, i1., p. 133),
A. layardi, Seebohm.

1350 Wading-Bırds (Charadriiformes), including the types of Vanellus
occidentalis, Harting, [= Belenopterus chilensis, Mol.] (cf. Sharpe, Cat.
B.,xxiv., p. 165), and Zgialitis dealbatus, Swinhoe [#. alewandrina (L.),
cf. Sharpe, f.c., p. 275], Seebohm Bequest. [96. 6.2, 1-51 ; 96. 7.1, 1-1299.]

This was an especially valuable donation, as it consisted of the
material on which Seebotım founded his great work on the “ Geographical
Distribution of the Oharadriüide” (Sotheran & Co., 1885). The founda-

Birds. 473

tion of this work was the collection of Wading Birds formed by Mr. J. E.
Harting, which was purchased by Mr. Seebohm.

93 specimens of Pelecaniforınes (Cormorants, Divers, etc.), Seebohm
Bequest. [1896, 10. 1, 1-93.]

663 specimens of Corvide, Oriolidz, Diceruride, Prionopide.
Seebohm Bequest. [97. 6. 1, 1-663.]

In this series of Crows and allied families were the types of Corone
colonorum, Swinhoe [= 0. levaillanti, Less. (cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., iii.,
p- 39], Urocissa brevivexilla, Swinhoe [=U. erythrorhyncha, Gm. (cf.
Sharpe, £.c., p. 71)]; Oriolus ardens (Swinhoe); 0. nigellicauda
(Swinhoe) ; Chaptia brauniana (Swinhoe); Buchanga innexa, (Swin-
hoe); Pinarolestes maximus (Layard); P. macrorhynchus (Layard) ;
P. compressirostris (Layard); P. fortune (Layard).

1106 specimens of Campophagide and Muscicapide. Seebohm
Bequest. [97. 7. 2, 1-1106 ]

In th s series were types of the following species, Arfamides rex-pineti,
Swinhoe, Pericrocotus fraterculus, Swinhoe, P. cantonensis, Swinhoe,
Musecicapa griseisticta, Swinhor, Rhipidura bulgeri, Layard, Myiagra
azureicapilla, Layard, Oryptolopha fulvifacies (Swinhoe), Niltava vivida
(Swinhoe).

657 specimens of Herons, Gannets, Auks, etc. Seebohm Bequest.
[97. 10. 30, 1-657.]

The types of tne following species are included, Ardetta eurythma,
Swinhoe, Ardeola prasinoscelis, Swinhoe [= Ardeola bacchus, Bp. (cf.
Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 211)], Herodias eulophotes, Swinhoe, Tantalus
longimembris, Swinhoe [= Pseudotantalus leucocephalus (Forst.); cf.
Sharpe, Cat. B., xxvi., p. 323], Rallina mandarina, Swinhoe [= Limno-
benus paykulli (Ljungh.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xxiii., p. 149.]

2570 Warblers and Chats [Vol. V. of the “Catalogue of Birds”; vide
antea, p. .] Seebohm Begq:.est. [98. 9.1, 1-2570.]

The following types were included, Phylloscopus scanthodryas,
Swinhoe; P. burmanicus, Brooks; P. tenellipes, Swinhoe; P. mandellii,
Brooks; Acrocephalus bistrigiceps, Swinhoe; 4A. sorgophilus, Swinhoe ;
Locustella macropus, Swinhve [= Z. lanceolata (Temm.), (cf. Seebuhm
Cat. B., v., p. 118]: Cettia minuta (Swinhoe); (. robustipes, Swinhoe
[= €. fortipes (Hodgs.), (cf. Seebohm, £.c, p. 136]; C. canturiens
(Swinhoe); C. ussuriana, Seebohm; Monticola gularis (Swinhoe);
Saxicola montana, Gould.

86 specimens collected by Mr. John Whitehead on Mt. Kina Balu in
N.W. Borneo. Seebohm Bequest. [98. 9. 12, 1-86.]

Mr. Seebohm purchased the second series of Mr. Whitehead’s Kina
Balu collections, the first ser, with all the types of the new species,
having been acqnired by the Hon. Walter Rothschild for the 'Tring
Museum. Many species, new to the British Museum, were included in
the Seebohm Bequest.

1257 specimens of Sunbirds (Nectariinde), White-eyes (Zosteropid),
and Meli,hagide. Seebohm Bequest. [98. 9. 30, 1-1091.]

Among the types of these tamilies of birds were those of Cinnyris
rhizophorz (Swinhoe); Zosterops simplex, Swinhoe; Z.subrosea, Swiuhoe ;
Z. erythropleura, Swiuhoe; Z. inornata, L. and L. C. Layard; and
Z. minuta, E. L. and L. ©. Layard; Ptilotis similis, Layard; Myzomela
splendida, Layard.

365 specimens of Bulbuls (Pyenonotide), Wrens (Troglodytide), and
Dippers (Cinclidz). Seebohm Bequest. [98. 10. 2, 1-365.]

In this series were the types of Ohlcropsis lazulina (Swinhoe) ; Hypsi-

474 Zoology.

petes perniger, Swinhoe; H. nigerrimr's, Gould; F. niveiceps, Swinhoe
[= H.leucocephala (Gm.). Of. Sharpe, Cat. B., vi., p. 41]; Zaus andersoni,
Swinhoe [= Pyenonotus ranthorrhous, Anlerson. (/f. Sharpe, Cat. B., vi.,
p: 159]; P. hainanus, Swinhoe ; also the type-specimens of tlie S Kılda
Wien, Anorthura hirtensis, Seebohm.

139 specimens of Lanidz. Seebohm Bequest. [98. 10. 4,
1-139.]

Contained the type of Zanius melanthes, Swinhoe.

1039 specimens of Babblers ( Timeliid) and Accentors (Accentoridz).
Seeb’hm Bequest. [98. 10. 3, 1-1039.]

Among these were types of the following spec’es: Myiophoneus insı-
laris, Gould; Lamprolia minor, Layard: Drymıaca pekinensis, Swinh. ;
Megalurus pryeri, Seebohm; Suya striata, Swinh. [= $. criniyera,
Hodgs.; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 177]; Prinia sonitans, Swiuh. ;
Henicurus leucoschistus, Swinh. [= H. schistaceus, Hodgs. ; cf. Sharpe,
Cat. B., vii, p. 315]; Pferorhinus davidi, Swinh.; Trochalopterum
taivanım (Swinh.); Malacias auricularis (Swinh.); Pomatorhinus musi-
eus, Swinh.; P. nigrostellatus, Swinh.; P. stridulus, Swinh. [= £. rufi-
collis, Hodgs. ; cf. Sharpe, Cat B., vii., p. 426]; P. styani, Seebohin;
P. erythrocnemis, Gould; Garrulax ruficeps, Gould: Dryonastes pecilo-
rhynchus (Gould); Garrulax pieticollis, Swinh.; @. rugillatus, Swinh. ;
Dryonastes sannio (Swinh.); Suthora bulomachus, Swinh.; 8. suffusa,
Swinh.; S. fulvicauda, Campbell; S. longicauda, Camybell [=S. mant-
churica, Tacz.; cf. Sharpe, Hand-list B., iv., p. 70]; Stachyrdopsis
precognitus, Swinh. [= 8. ruficeps, Blyth: cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii.,
p- 598]; Staphidia torgueola (Swinh.); Alcippe morrisonia, Swinh. ;
Herpornis tyrannulus, Swinh.; Oisticola volituns, Swinh. [= C. ewilis,
Vigors and Horsf. ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 269].

1297 specimens o' Swailows (Zirundinidze) aud Wagtails and Pipits
(Motacillidz). Seebohm B quest. [98. 10. 20, 31-1297 ]

Many types ot species were includıd in this series, including those of
Chelidon whiteleyi, Swiuhoe [=(. lagopus (Pall.); cf. Sharpe, Cat. B.,
>. 0 sol: C. blakistoni, Swinh. |= (. dasypus, bp ; cf. Snarje, Cat. B.,
x., p. 90|; Hirundo seullyi, Seebohm ; Motacila ocularis, Swinhoe ; M.
japonica, Swinhoe; M. blakıstoni, Seebohm [= M. lugens, Kittl.; ef.
Sharpe, Cat. B.,x, p. 474]; M. felix, Swmhoe; M. amurensis, Seebohn: ;
M. scehuenensis, Swinhoe; M. franeisei, Swinhoe [= M. leuco; sis, Gould.
Cf. Sharpe, £.c., p. 482]; M. taivana, Swinhoe; M. zanthophrys, Sharpe ;
Anthus blakistoni, Swiuhoe; A. gustavi, Swiuhoe.

1575 speeimens of Finches and Buntings (Fringillid®). Seebohm
Bequest. [98. 11. 1, 1-1875 ]

Including types of the following species: Fringilla kittlitzi, Seebohm ;
Erythrospiza mongolica (Swinhoe); ZLoxia albiventris, Swiuhoe; Pyrrhu-
lorhyncha pyrrhulina (Swinlioe); Amberiza cunescens, Swinhoe; E. yesso-
ensis (Swinhoe); E. elegantula, Swinhoe.

379 specimens of Starlings (Sturnidz), Weaver-birds (Ploceide), and
Larks (Alawdide). Serbohn Bequest. [98. 11. 10, 1-379.]

Among the type-specimens in this series are those of Aplonis vitiensis,
Layard; and Erythrura eyaneifrons, Layard.

68 specimens from varıous countries of the Palxarctic Region. Seebohm
Bequest. [98. 11. 14, 1-68.]

757 specimens of Jicarian Birds, Rails, ete. Seebohm Bequest.
[98. 12. 2, 1-757.

Inceludes types of Platycercus taviunensis, Layard; P. koroensis,
Layard; P. hobbsi, Tristram; Caprimulgus stictonus, Swinhoe [= (.

Birds. 475

monticola, Frankl. ; ef. Hartert. Cat. B., xvi., p. 547]; Rallina formosana,
Stebohm [cf. Seebohm, Ibis, 1895, p. 210].

Henry Seebolım was one of the most enthus’astic naturalists that ever
lived, and one of the best field-ornithologists in his dav. He wasa successful
manufacturer in Sheflield, and devoted his spare time to the study of
ornitholosy, and acquiring the knowledge of the habits of our native birds,
which resulted later on in his “ History of British Birds” (1883-85).
After a recovery from smallpox, he was oıdered by his medical adviser to
go abroad for a stason. The idea of leaving h’s business was distasteful to
him, bnt the deetor’s orders being imprrative, he went to the Mediterranean,
and die much useful work in Greece and Asia Minor, travelling with the
veteran ornithologist, Dr. Krüper. This was the commencement of a
seıies of ornithological expeditions. He went to Norwav, Russia, Holland,
and Northern Germany. On his expedition to Heligoland in 1876 he
asked me to accompany him, and I experieuced one or ıhe most exeiting
and interesting episodes of my life.

In 1575, Seebohm went to the Petchora Valley in N.E. Russia in
company with his friend J. A. Harvie Brown, and found the eggs of the
Grey Plover (Squatarola helvetica), the Little Stint (Limonites minuta),
and other rare birds. (See his book “Siberia in Europe,” 1880.) In
1877, in compıny with Captain Wisgins, who died but a few months ago,
Seebohm departed on his adventurous journey to the Yenesei River, a
description o: which is to be found in his work “ Siberia in Asia ” (1382).
When he had made up his mind to publish a work on the Plovers and
Snipes and their geographical distribution, finding many questions to be
solved regardinz their moults and winter quarters, he went to South
Africa to study the problems for himself. His heart, however, was with
tlıe birds of the Pala»arctic Region, and after the purchase of Mr. Harry
Pryer’s collection of Japanese birds, and sending Mr. Holst to explore the
Jaj auese islands, he published his book on the “Birds of the Japanese
Euipire ” in 1890.

Seebohm’s intimate acquaintance with the Thrushes, Warblers, and
Chats led Dr. Günther to ask him to write the fifth volume of the
“ Catalogue of Birds,” and his work was excellent. His untimely death
prevented him from completiug the Monograph of the Thrushes which he
had contemplatıd, and of which he had prepared but a fragnıent of the
text. Allthe jlates, however, were drawn and coloured at the time of
his death, and I endeavoured to supply the letterpress as I believe my
friend would have written it himself.

For an obituary notice and au excellent account of his life-work, ef.
Ibis, 1896, pp. 159-162.

Seebohm (FE. Vıcror).

Son of Henry Seebohm. He was fond of travelling, and during his
various expeditions he collected some interesting birds and eggs for his
father’s collectiou.

Selous (F. CoURTENAY).

21 birds from Matabele Land. Presented. [96. 10. 9, 1-21.]

16 birds from Potchefstroom, Transvaal. Presented. [99. 6. 26, 1-16.]

This well-known traveller and naturalist found time during his
expeditions after big Game to coll-ct a few birds for the Museum.

Of.“ Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1446.

476 Zoology.

Sennett (G. B.).

9 birds from Arizona. Presented. [86. 3-4, 1-9].

12 birds from Texas. Presented. [86. 7. 7, 22-33.]

During a visit to Europe, this excellent naturalıst spent some time at
the British Museum and went with Edward Hargitt and myself to study
at the Leyden Museum. His work in Texas was most important. For
an account of his lite and work, see the * Auk ’ for 1900, p. 193.

Seoane (Dr. Vıcror Lopzz).

44 birds from Galicia, Spain. Presented. [94. 5. 30, 1-22; 94. 6.8,
1-4; 99.9. 5, 1-18].

So few specimens have reached the Museum from the north of Spain,
that Dr. Seoane’s donations were much appreciated. His views on natural
history subjects were sometimes rather eccentric, as, for instance, when
he issued in 1894 a description of a supposed new Woodpecker (Geeinus
viridis galiciensis), aud attached to it the date of publication as 1370—
or fourteen years earlier than the paper really appeared. By this means
his intention was evidently to ante-date Mr. Howard Saunders’ description
of Gecinus sharpei, published in 1871. [Cf. Sharpe, Zool. Rec., vol. xxxi.,
p- 38, 1894.]

Seth-Smith (D.).
A nestling of Phaps elegans,died in confinement. Presented. [1904.
83,1]

A young Tinamou (Urypturus tataupa), died in confinement. Pre-
sented. [1904. 6. 29, 1.]

Severtzoff (Dr. N.).
See MENZBIER, Prof. M.

Seymour (Percy).

3 (Estrelata gularis from Preservation Inlet, New Zealand. Purchased.
[1904. 7. 27, 1-3.]

Shanghai Museum.

53 specimens from Cbina. Presented. [77.1. 23, 1-53].
T'wo species were new to the Museum, viz., Otis dybowskii and Fulix
baeri.

Sharp (Henry).

1 Pintail (imm.), and 5 Knots from Lincolnshire. Presented. [1904.
8. 3, 1-6.]

Sharpe (Sir Aurren), K.C.M.@.

574 specimens from Nyasa Land. Presented. [96. 2. 9, 1-37; 98.
5.1, 1-238; 1900. 1. 20, 1-87; 1902. 7. 12, 1-91; 1902. 11. 12, 1-121;
1905. 1. 23, 1-162].

160 birds from Nyasaland. Presented. [1905. 1. 23, 1-160.]

Sir Alfred Sharpe succeeded Sir Harry Johnston as Commissioner of
British Central Africa. Like his predecessor, he has irterested himself ın
the natural history of the Colony, and his collections have been described
by Capt, G. E. Shelley, the well-known authority on African birds, in the
“bis” from, 1896 to 1905. Of. Shelley, ‘Ibis,’ 1896, pp. 229-241,
1898, pp. 551-557, 1901, pp. 161-177. Of. also Sclater, P.Z.S., 1900,
pp: 1-3.

The following new species were discovered by Mr. Alexahder Whyte

Birds. a7

and Mr. McClounie, the Government collectors in British Central Africa,
and presented by Sir Alfred Sharpe: Otyphantes shurpei, Amydrus nyasz,
Oypselus alfreti.

Of. also * Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1454.

Sharpe (R. BowpLer), LL.D.
See also GERRARD, E.

164 birds, mostly from parts of the Palsarctic Region. Presented.
210751 720577210. 1, 192, 72. 10. 29, 14; 72. 11. 4, 2463);
72. 11. 18, 1-2; 72. 11. 23, 7-10; 72. 12. 21, 2-3.)

Specimens from Scotland, Pagham Harbour, Sussex, Archangel,
Turkey, etc.

14 birds from Natal and the Transvaal, collected by Mr. T. Ayres.
Presented. [72. 10. 2, 1-14.]

The above-mentioned series of birds was intended for my private
collection, but arıiving shortly alter my appointment to the Museum, was
presented to the latter.

82 birds, chiefly from the 'Transvaal. Presented. [73. 1. 23, 1-22;
73. 10. 13, 1-9.]

17 birds from Belgium, Germany, S. Russia, etc. Presented. [73.5.
5, 8-24. |

44 birds from Cookham, Berkshire. Presented. [73. 5. 5, 1-7;
73. 9. 13, 6-15 ; 74. 4. 15, 1-27.]

The collection of skins of European birds in the Museum was a very
poor one in 1872, when I first held office, and much of my vacation
was spent in getting together a series of British specimens fiom Cookham,
where my family Jived at the time, from Pagham Harbour in Sussex
(before it was reclaimed from the sea), and at Avington Park, Hampshire,
the seat of my old fiiend Sir Edward Shelley. Here Capt. G. E. Shelley
and I made considerable collections of birds from 1871 to 1886.

6 specimens from various localities, including an example of Spheniscus
mendiculus from the Galapagos. Presented. [73. 9. 11,1; 73. 9.13,
16-18, 29-30.]

44 birds from Denkera in the interior of the Gold Coast, collected by
Mr. St. Thomas David Aubinn, a native hunter. Presented. [73. 5. 24,
1-44. ]

28 specimens, mostly of Aceipitres, from Central America. Presented,
[73. 5. 28, 1-28.]

29 specimens, mostly Wading-birds from Pagham Harbour. Presented.
[73. 6. 4, 1-29.]

26 specimens from Greenland, New Zealand, etc. Presented. [73. 6. 5.
1-26.

2 speeimens from Cookham, mounted by Mr. W. Briggs (vide antea).
Presented. [73. 6. 9, 1-57.]

This was the collection ot birds made by myself when a boy at Cookham.

10 specimens of Accipitres from Darjiling, collected by Major Sharpe,
and sold at Stevens’ sale-rooms. Presented. [73. 7. 3, 1-10.]

I have never found out who my name-sake was, and he was unknown
to Mr. Hume, but he had a fine collection of Himalayan birds, from which
I procured some of the Aceipitres, in which Order of birds I have always
taken a great interest. One ot the specimens obtained on this occasion is
the type of Aguila murina ot Sushkin.

A specimen of Milvago carunculatus, new to the collection. Presented.

Da A]
E 15 specimens of Accipitres. Presented. [73. 7. 8, 1-18.]

478 Zoology.

-

’ specimens from various localities, including a specimen of Pittu
sanghirensis. Presented. [7#. 7. 19, 10-16.]

69 specimens from Mombasa, collected by the Rev. T. Wakefield.
Presented. [73. 9. 9, 1-69.]

Tıis collection was described by me in the ‘Proceedings’ of the
Zoological Society for 1873 (pp. 710-716, pl. lviii ). Types of two species
(Treron wakefieldi and Bradyornis subalaris) were include,

3 Hawks and an Owl from Darjiling, collected by Major Sharpe.
Presented. [73. 9. 15, 8-11.]

42 specimens, collected near Bangkok, on the Natuna Islands, in
China, and Japan, by Captain Conrad. Presented. [73. 10. 20, 9-50.]

This collection was described by Dr. O'to Finsch and Capt. Conrad.
(Verh. z. b. Ges. Wien, xxiii., pp. 341-360.)

194 birds from Damara Land, collected by C. J. Andersson [vide antea,
pP. ]. Presented. [73. 10.20, 51-244.]

This was the last collection sent bv Mr. Andersson to this country. I
discovered it among the s!ores of Mr. Higsins’ Agency in Bloomsbury
Street, and purchased it from him. There were also a few skins from
Lake N’gami, collected by Chapman.

29 specimens from Madagascar, Mauritius, and Reunion. Presented.
[73. 10. 25, 1-29.]

40 birds irom Avington, Hampshire. Presented. [73. 11. 17, 1-14;
73. 11. 26, 9-34.]

4 specimens from Fantee. Presented. [73. 11. 26, 1-4.]

A Griffon Vulture (@yps fulvus) from S. Spain,and a Ground Hornbill
(Bucorax cafer) from S. Africa. Preseuted. [73. 12. 26, 15-16.]

30 spscimens of Aceipitres from Tliuringia and S. Africa. Presented.
732.81, 13 7280 1-27]

'[hese specimens were presented to me hy Professor Peters, the
Dire-tor of the Berlin Museum, in exchange for some African birds I
gave to the latter Institution.

2 Woheatears (Sawicola leucorrhoa) and 6 Birds of Prey, including
2 Greenland Jerfaleons (Flierofalco candicans) and 2 Holboell’s Jerfalcons.
Presented. [74. 1. 14, 1-8.]

176 birds, in spirit, from various localities. Presented. [74. 2. 9,
1-176.

22 N of Accipitres from Demerara. Presented. [74. 3. 20,
1-22.

72 birds from the Andamans and Nicobars. Presented. [74. 5. 13,
3-42; 74, 10. 26, 3-34.]

These were duplicate specimens from Colonel Wardlaw Ramsav’s
collection. "Ihe first set, with the types of the new species, went into the
collection of the Marquess of Tweeddale. At the time this donation of
mine was of great importance to the Museum, which possessed no speci-
mens from the islands of the Bay of B.ngal, as may be judged from
the fact that 21 species were added to the Museum collection.

23 nests and egaes from Ross-shire, being those of Chrysomitris
spinus, Loxia eurvirostra, and Turdus viseivorus. Presented. [74. 5.20,
1-23.

"Ihe esgs of the Mistle-Thrush were sent to me by my correspondent
as those of the Fieläfare ( Turdus pilaris).

19 specimens from Accra. Presented. [74. 5. 30, 1-19.]

36 Nightjars from various localıties. Presented. [74. 7. 4, 6-41.]

7 specimens from Natal aud a Thrush from U. S. Colombia. Prescnued.
[74. 9. 12, 6-12.]

De

Age

Birds. 479

29 birds from Cookham, collected by me in July 1874. Presented.
[74. 8. 5, 1-29.]

61 bir s from Pa:ham Harbour, Sussex. Presented. [74. 10. 12,
14-74.

öl 1 Sen from Sweden. Presented. [r4. 11. 26, 1-51.]

"This collection was made by Mr. W. Meves, and contained a number of
beautifully prejiared skins of birds, illustrating many of the changes of
plumage. A series of Swedish birds is absolutely essencial to the student
of Palx»arc ie Ornitholo:y, as Linn»us was a Swede himself, and the
narıes of his common species were fouude I on Swedish examples.

126 birds, nes's, and egzs from the island of Labuan, collected by Sir
Huch Low. Prisented. [74. 12.1, 11-104; 74. 12.9, 1-17; 74. 12.19,
1-5:

En birds and eg:s from theneishbourhood of Constantinople, collected
by Mrs Robson. Presented. [75. 1. 28, 1-11; 75.4. 27, 1-28;
75.5.8, 1-14; 75.5..21,.11-34; 77.10. 11, 1-43.]

63 birds from various localities, mostly from Mr. Basil Brooke’s
Sardinian enlleetion. Presented. [75. 3. 31, 1-5; 75. 5. 5, 1-58.]

24 specimens from Kashniir. Presented. [75. 5. 29, 3-26. ]

8 spe-imens from Greenland. Presented. [75. 9. 18, 7-14. |

42 birds from Yarkand, collected by Coiovnel Chapman, including
snrecinens of Turdus mystacinus, Severtz., and Accentor fulvescens,
Severtz., new to the Museum. Presented. [75. 9. 24, 1-42.]

19 specimens, inostly Wading Biras, f om Muddiford Harbour, Christ-
churen, Hants. Present:d. [75. 10. 12, 5-19.]

86 svecimens 'rom Nazeerah, Upper Assaın, collected by Reid.
Presented. [75. 10. 19, 1-86. ]

34 specimens from various localities. Presented. [75. 11. 4, 5-11;
75.12. 31, 1-5; 77. 5. 24, 1-18.]

12 speeimens from the Astor Valley, Cashmere. Presented. [76. 12.5,
1-12.]

43 specimens, mostly Sylviidz, from Putchefstroom, 'Transvaal. Pre-
sentei. [77. 5. 30, 1-9; 77. 7. 10, 1-34.]

32 birds from Avington, Hampshire. Presented. [77. 6. 13, 1-32.]

43 specimens, mos ly Arcipitres, from various localities. Presented.
[77. 8. 16, 1-37, 77. 8. 28, 1-6.] The rare Harpogus fasciatus from
Mexico was new to the Museum.

157 birds from various localities. Presented. [77. 8. 29, 1-8; 77.
10231736; 7a..11.17, 94286 5177.12. 6, 19-65); 78. 2. 18,71-61;
7841 14,1-19.]

‚Several interesting species added to the Museum, Pinarolestes vitiensis,
Ptilotis provocator, Uulicipeta tephrocephala, ıte.

43 bırds from the neighbourhood of Constautinople, collected by Mr.
W. Pearce. Presented. [77. 10.11, 1-43.]

34 birds from the United States. Presented. [78. 1. 21, 3-36.]

45 biıds from various localities. Presented. |19. 2.20, 1-11; 81. 3.
11, 1-10; 83. 10. 9, 1-24.]

12 birds from Quilombo, Angola, collected by A. H. Heath. Presented,
[81. 4. 19, 1-12.]

110 birds from various localities. Presented. [81. 5. 24, 1-9;
81.:10. 25, 1-52; 82.1. 10,.1-28; 82. 9. 17, 1-14; 83. 9. 21, 1-7.]

12 birds ffom Romney Marsh, etc. Presented. |83. 8. 10, 1-7;
83. 10. 8, 1-5.]

179 birds, nests, and egss from Brighton, collected by R. B. S.,
W. Swaysland and Henry Swaysland. Iresented. |85. 11. 23, 1-21;

480 Zoology.

84. 2.1, 1-40; 84. 4. 17, 1-12; 84. 4.18, 1-10; 85. 1. 5, 1-11; 86. 1.
21, 1-6; 92. 7. 7, 1-23.]

131 birds from various localities. Presented. [84. 1. 30, 1-104;
84. 2. 25, 1-27.]

27 specimens of the Pied Wagtail (Motaecilla lugubris) from Cookham,
Brighton, etc. Presented. [84. 2. 4, 1-20.]

107 speeimens of Motacillide (Wagtails and Pipits). Presented.
[84. 3. 6, 1-107.]

274 birds from varions localities. Presented. [84. 5. 8, 1-20; 84. 9.
1, 19-95; 84. 9. 24, 1-125.]

65 birds from the United States. Presented. [84. 9. 28, 1-10;
84. 10. 5, 1-55.]

147 birds from various parts of Great Britain and North America.
Presented. [84. 11. 25, 1-127; 84. 12. 17, 1-20.]

56 specimens, mostly from Natal. Presented. [85.1. 3, 1-56.]

125 specimens from various localities. Presented. [85.1.6, 1-41;
85. 3. 13, 1-26; 85. 4. 14, 1-30; 85. 7. 16, 1-28. ]

A great many of these were British species collected by me at
Cookham, Brishton, Romney Marsh, etc.

325 specimens from various localities, mostly Finches (Fringillide).
Presented. [82. 3. 30, 1-123; 85. 2. 20, 1-52; 85. 11. 18, 1-98;
86. 10. 20, 1-52.]

650 specimens from various localities, Ceylon, Malacca, South Africa,
Shoa, etc. Presented. [85. 7. 24, 1-208; 85. 9. 1, 1-248; 86. 1. 4,
1-12; 86. 7. 7, 1-21; 86. 9. 14, 5-10; 86. 12. 20, 1-52; 87. 5. 8,
1-104]

Amongst these collections were some rare species new to the Museum,
such as Cerchneis alopex, Heugl., etc.

45 specimens, mostly Sturnide. Presented. [87. 3. 25, 1-22;
88. 8. 27, 1-23.]

19 birds from Swan River, West Australia. Presented. [88. 6. 18,
1-19.

n specimens of Larks (Alaudidz) from the Transvaal, Orange River
Colony, and Natal. Presented. [88. 6. 26, 1-20.]

14 birds from New Britain and Duke of York Islands. Presented.
[88. 6. 28, 1-14.]

206 Starlings from the neighbourhood of Brighton. Presented. [89.
1. 1, 1-206.

When en the 13th volume of the “ Catalogue of Birds,” I made
a large collection of the Common Starling from every locality I could
think of, in order to prove, if possible, the questien of the influx of the
Siberian Starling (Sturnus menzbieri) into Western Europe, and
especially its appearance in Great Britain. At Brighton I received great
assistance from the well-known naturalists, Mr. Swaysland and Mr.
Brazenor, and the bird-catchers were instructed to note the size of the
fiucks out of which the specimens were obtained. No practical result
came from all this trouble and expenditure, it keing impossible to
discover, during the season of migration, whether a flock ot Starlings
on the Brighton Downs had arrived from the north of Europe
across the Baltie Sea, or had mierated south from the north and
middle of England. 'l'he conclusion arrived at was that, while Starlings
from Western England were appareutiy the true Sturnus vulgaris,
indistinguishable from the typical Swedish bird, a number of those from
the east and south of England were intermediate between the true
Sturnus vulgaris and 8. menzbieri, being much more purple than green

Birds. 481

on the head. T'he inference was that the Siberian Starling, extending its
range westward, inter-bred with the ordinary $. vulgaris of Western
Europe, and that the result was a mixture, just as iu the case of the
Carrion Crow (Corone corone) and the Hooded Crow (C. cornix).

24 birds from Hungary. Presented. [93. 3. 7, 1-24.]

Spesimens shot by me during the excursions to the Neusiedler Lake
after the 2nd International Ornitholozical Congress in 1891.

13 birds from Elopura in N.E. Borneo, collected by Mr. Harry Pryer.
Presented. [93. 11. 26, 1-13.]

18 specimens from Equatorial Africa, collected by Emin Pasha, and on
the Lower Congo by L. Petit. Presented. [93. 12. 2, 1-18.]

6 birds from Wells, Norfolk. Presented. [93. 12. 5, 1-6.]

8 birds from British Guiana, collected by H. Whitely. Presented.
[93. 12. 9, 4-11.]

16 birds and 111 eggs from the neishbourhood of Christiansund and
the Smolen Islands. Presented. [98. 6. 21, 1-64; 99. 8. 9, 1-63.]

6 birds and 53 eggs from the Sundal Valley, N. Norway. Presented.
[99. 8. 15, 1-20; 1900. 8. 27, 1-33; 1901. 1. 30, 1-6.]

46 specimens of Cnaffinches from Bıighton. Presented. [1900. 2. 9,
1-46.

By the rule of the Civil Service, which very properly prohibits the
keeping of private collections of any group to the custody of which an
oflicer is appointed, my series of African Passeres was transferred to the
British Museum, as follows :—

474 specimens of Nectariniide, Sturnide, Caprimulgide, Oypselide,
Hirundinide, Coraciide, Upupid&, Meropidz ; including 17 species new
to the collection, with types of Anthreptes aurantia, Verr., Pholidornis
rubrifrons, Sharp- and Ussher, Macrodiptery& sperlingi, Sharpe [= Cosmet-
ornis vexillarius, 2 | Lamprocolius decoratus, Hartl., Lamprocolius porphyr-
urus, Chetura ussheri, Sharpe, Tachornis gracilis (Sharpe), Hirundo
domicella, Finsch and Hartl., Caprimulgus cinnamomeus, Sharpe, Hapo-
loderma constantia, Sharpe and Ussher, Irrisor castaneiceps, Sharpe.
Purchased through Mr. E. Gerrard. [74. 5. 1, 1-474.]

129 specimens of Alcedinide, Promeropide, including 3 species new to
the collection, with the type of Promerops gurneyi, Verr. Purchased
throush Mr. E. Gerrard. [74. 5. 16, 1-129.]

591 specimens of Campophagidz, Muscicapide, Laniide, Prionopide,
Oriolidz, Dieruridz, Picide, with 18 species new to the collection, and
the types of Pseudobias wardi, Sharpe, Artomyvas ussheri, Sharpe,
Laniarius melanothorax, Sharpe, Lanicterus qwiscalimus, Finsch ; Cam-
pophaga major, Sharpe. O. anderssoni, Sharpe, Stizorhina finschi, Sharpe,
Artomyias ussheri, Sharpe ; Campothera striata, Layard. [75. 4.9, 1-591.]

750 specimens of Sylviide, Turdide, Zosteropide, Timelüide, Pyeno-
notidz, Paridz, Alaudide, Motacillide, with 57 species new to the cul-
lection, and types of the following, described by R. B.S., viz. ——Drymaca
swanzüi, D. brachyptera, Baocerca flaviventris, Kögithalus caroli, Ora-
teropus haynesi, Alethe castunonota, Geocichla crossleyi, Pyenonotus
gabonensis, Illadopsis gularis, Oriniger verreauxi. |[16. 5. 23, 1-750.]

600 specimens of Turdidz, Coliide, Motacillide, Ploceide, Frin-
gilide, wıth 20 species new to the collection, and types of many new
forms, viz.:—Urobrachya bocagei, Poliopiza cerocopygia, Crithagra leu-
coptera, Nigrita emiliz, N. uropygialis, Pytelia hypoyrammica. Purchased
throuch Mr. E. Gerrard. [77. 7. 11, 1-600.]

364 specimens, principally Nectariniide, ineluding 10 syecies new to
the collection, with thetype of Nectarinia fantensis, Sharpe | Anthothreptes

" vorL. ıı. 9

482 Zoology.

rectirostris (Shaw)]. Purchased through Mr. E. Gerrard. [78. 10. 26,
1-364.]

675 specimens of Ploceide, Fringillide, Psittacide, Ouculide, Capi-
tonidz, ete., including 17 species new to the collection, and types of
Ceuthmochares australis, Nigrita luteifrons, Hypochera nigerrima. Pur-
chased through Mr. E. Gerrard. [78. 12. 31, 223-897.]

Appointed Librarian to the Zoological Society of London in January
1867; resigned in January 1872; appointed Senior Assistant in Depart-
ment of Zoclogy, British Museum, in September 1872; Assistaut Keeper,
Department of Zoology, November 1895.

See * Whv’s Who,’ 1905, pp. 1454-55.

Shaw (Rev. G.).

30 birds from Betsileo, Madagascar. Purchased. [79. 6. 7, 1-30.]
Upupa marginata was new to the collection.

Shelford (R.), Director of the Sarawak Museum.
13 nestlings of Bornean birds. Presented. [1900.'7. 12, 1-5; 1900.
7.15, 1-8.]

A specimen of Spilornis pallidus from Sarawak. Purchased. [1905.
11. 24, 1.]

Shelley (Sir Epwarn), Bart.

50 specimens from Avington, Hants. [76. 6. 15, 1-50.]

Nest and eggs of the Coot (Fulica atra), with the parent birds, from
Avinston, Presented.

This group is interesting as being the first of the series mounted to
illustrate the nestinz habits of our British birds.. 'The nest was found by
myself on the lake in Avington Park during a visit to my old friend Sir
Edward Shelley.

Shelley (Capt. G. E.).

7 birds from Accra on the Gold Coast. Presented. [72. 10. 25,
26-32.

kn Shelley visited the Gold Coast with the late T. E. Buckley,
and dixscovered some interesting new species of birds.. T'he winter home
of our Nightingale and Wood-wren were for the first time discovered in
West Africa. A memoir on the results of the expedition was published
in the ‘Ibis’ for 1872 (pp. 281-295).

87 birds from various localities (Egypt, Gold Coast), and a few from
Avington. Presented. [72. 12. 5, 1-40; 73. 11. 17, 15-16; 73.12. 3,
33-75.

37 IN EN from Avington. Presented. [73.1. 6, 1-37.]

Captain Shelley had formed by this time a ınost interesting collection
of African birds, which he allowed the Museum to acquire for a much
less sum than he had spent on its formation. The first instalments of
this great collection were added in 1889.

236 specimens of Starlings (Sturnidz and Eulabetidz), including the
types uf Cosmopsarus unicolor, Shelley, Amydrus walleri, Shelley, Spreo
hildebrandti, Sharpe. Purchased. [89. 3. 6, 1-236.

114 specimens of Woodpeckers (Piecid®). Purchased. [89. 3. 9,
1-114.

us specimens of Barbets (Capitonide), including the types of
Tricholema afiine (Shelley), Stactolema olivacea (Shılley), Melanobucco
albicauda (Shelley). [89. 6. 20, 1-128.]

Birds. 483

185 specimens of Cuckoos (Cuculide), including the types of Coceystes
elbonotatus, Shelley, and Centropus natalensis, Shelley. Purchased.
[89. 6. 25, 1-185.]

811 specimens of Weaver-Birds and Weaver-Finches (Ploceid),
including many species new to the Museum, and types of the following :—
Lagonosticta polionota, Shelley, L. jamesoni, Shelley, L. /andanz, Sharpe,
Drobrachya zanzibarica, Shelley, Sharpia gurneyi (Sharpe), S. ayresi,
Shelley, Malimbus rubropersonatus, Shelley. Purchased. [89. 7. 20,
1-551; 89. 7. 25, 1-260.]

207 Weaver-birds (Ploceide) and Larks (Alaudid®), including the
type of Calandrella buckleyi, Shelley, “ Ibis,” 1873, p. 142. Purchased.
[39. 9. 13, 1-207.]

273 specimens of Rollers (Coraciide), Hornbills (Ducerotide), and
Bee-eaters (Meropidz), containing the type of Merops dresseri, Shelley,
[= M. boehmi, Reichenow; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xvii., p. 83]. Purchased.
[90. 5. 25, 1-66 ; 90. 6. 6, 1-66; 90. 6.10, 1-141.]

310 specimens of Plantain-eaters (Musophagidz), Kingfishers ( Alcedi-
nidz), and Parrots (Psittacide). Purchased. [90. 7. 7, 1-64; 90. 10. 2,
1-64; 90. 10. 10, 1-73; 90. 12. 28, 1-110.

177 specimens of Hoopoes ( Upupide), Trogons (Trogonide&), Nightjars
(Caprimulgidz), and Swilts (Cypselid), containing the types of Upupa
somalensis, Salvin, Hapaloderma wittatum, Shellev, and Cypselus
pallidus, Shelley. Purchased. [90. 12. 4, 1-48; 90. 12. 6, 1-12;
90. 12. 16, 1-112.]

161 specimens of Game-birds (Galliformes), including the type of
Francolinus shelleyi, Grant. Purchased. [91. 5. 1, 1-161.]

290 specimens of Gulls (Lariformes), Petrels (Procellariiformes),
Gannets, Frigate-birds, etc. (Pelecaniformes), Rails (Ralliformes), and
Wading-birds (Charadriformes). Purchased. [91. 6. 18, 1-121;
91. 8. 1, 1-169.]

180 Pigeons (Columbiformes), including the type of Turtur sharpei,
Shelley (= T. isabellinus, Bp.; cf. Salvadori, Cat. B. Brit. Mus., xxi.,
p- 400). Purchased. [92. 8. 2, 1-180.]

526 specimens of Herons and Storks (Ardeiformes), Geese and Ducks
(Anseriformes), Birds of Prey (Accipitriformes), and Cormorants, Gannets
(Pelecaniformes), et. Purchased. [93. 8. 4, 1-95; 94. 6. 16, 1-431.]

238 specimens of Crows, Orioles, Drongos, etc., including the type of
Bradyornis modesta, Shelley. [94. 8. 16, 1-238.]

256 specimens of Cuckoo-Shrikes (Campophagid&) and Flycatchers
(Muscicapidz), ineludinz the types of Hyliota australis, Shelley, and
Erythrocercus thomsoni, Shelley. Purchased. [95. 5. 1, 1-286.]

377 specimens of Thrushes (Turdidz). Purchased. [95. 5. 1,
2837-663. ]

135 Bulbuls (Pyenonotide), including the type of Phyllostrophus
sharpei, Shelley [= £. strepitans, Reichenow ; cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., vi.,
p- 117.] [95. 5. 1, 664-798.]

597 specimens of Babbling-Thrushes ( Timeliide), including the types
of Drymocataphus cleaveri, Shelley, Cichladusa rufipennis, Sharpe,
Sphenzacus nutalensis, Shelley, 8. intermedius, Shelley, Apalis sharpei,
Shillev, Dryodromas nigriceps, Shelley. [95. 5. 1, 799-1395.]

465 specimens of Ti's (Paride) and Shrikes (Laniide), including the
types of Parus albiventris, Shelley, and P. wanthostomus, Shelley. [1905.
5, 1, 1396-1861. ]

291 specimens of Swallows (Hirundinidz), Wagtails, and Pipits
(Motaceillide). Purchased. [95. 5. 1, 1862-2152.]

212

454 Zoology.

548 specimens of Sun-birds (Nectariniide) and White-eyes (Zostero-
pide), including the types of Cinnyrıs bouvieri and Zosterops kirki.
Purchased. [95. 5. 1, 2153-2700.]

424 specimens of Sun-birds (Neetariniid) and Finches (Fringillid),
including the types of Nertarinia bocagei, Cinnyris nesophilus, O. micro-
rhynchus, Emberiza orientalis. |[95. 9. 9, 1-424.]

151 specimens from Canada and Australia. Presented. [99. 1. 30,
1-145.

Captain George Ernest Shelley is the youngest son of the late Sir
Timothy Shelley, and from his boyhood was devoted to tbe study of
ornithology. He made four expeditions to Erypt, and has written the
standard work on the birds of that country, in 1370. He has since devoted
himself to the study of African birds, and has visited the Gold Coast,
the Cape Colony and Natal. On consenting to write a volume of the .
‘Catalogue of Birds,’ he parted with his private collection to the British
Museum, which thus acquired one of the most celebrated collections of
modern times.

Shortridge (G. C.).

See Bauston, W.E.

Shufeldt (Dr. R. W.).

26 skeletons of North American birds. Purchased. [1902. 2. 2,
1-26. ]

Siamese Royal Museum, Bangkok.

72 specimens from Siam, including the type of a new Grakle (Sturno-
pastor floweri, Sharpe). Receivel in exchange from the Director, Capt.
Stanley 8. Flower (q.v.). [97. 9. 1, 1-72.]

Sibbald (Dr.).

35 birds from Port Essington. Presented. [45. 5. 21, 8-42.]

Simons (Perry O.).
See ROSENBERG.

Mr. Simons was an American collector who travelled in Ecuador,
Peru, and Bolivia, in which last-named country he was murdered.
Sladen (Mrs. Percy).

443 birds and 192 skeletons, collected by Mr. A. Robert in Matto
Grosso. Presented. [1903. 12. 20, 1-635.]

,„ —; H.@G. the Duke of Bedford, and the Hon. W.
Rothschild.

402 birds, eggs and nests from Fernando Po, containing the types of
three species new to science and to the national collection. Presented.
[1904. 6. 22, 1-402.]

Slater (Rev. H. H.).

See RoYAL SocIETY.

Sloggett (Col. A. T.), C.M.G.

1054 birds, eggs, and skeletons from Deelfontein, Cape Colony. Pre-
sented. [1901. 9. 5, 1-81; 1903. 1. 6, 1-19; 1903. 3. 9, 1-54.] (f.
Sharpe, Bull. B.0.C., xii., p. 1; öd., Ibis, 1903, pp. 1-29, 313-367, pl. viii.

This collection was made for Colonel Sloggett by two of the Museum

Birds. 485

taxidermists, ©. E. Seimund and Claude Grant, who joined the Imperial
Yeomanry and fought throush the Boer War. T'he collection was made
in the neighbourhood of Deelfontein, where Colonel Sloggett was the
officer in charge of the Yeomanry Hospital. A full description was given
by me in the Ibis (l.c.), and a new species of Bunting was named
Fringillaria media.

Smith (Dr. ALEXANDER).

5 birds from Old Calabar. Presented. |[77. 11. 23, 4-8.]

Dr. Smith was a nmiissionary in Calabar, aud sent a few specimens in
spirits to the Museum, among them being a remarkahle little bird which
had white lobes on the gape, and l named it Zobornis alexandri after the
discoverer. It has recenıly been proved that these white lobes are a sign
of immaturiiy, and 2. alexandri is only the young of a Parmoptila,
probably P. woodhousei.

Smith (Lieut. A.).

30 birds and eggs from New Zealand and the Falkland Islands. Pre-
sented. |43. 9. 16, 1-17; 43. 9. 26, 5-17.]

Lieut. Smith was one of the oficers on board H.M.S. Erebus during
the Antarctic Expedition.

Smith (Sir AnDREW).

295 birds from South Africa. Purchased. [45. 7.6, 1-292; 48. 3. 21,
1-3.]

Inceluded Smith’s types of Ploceus ocularius, P. aureoflavus, P.
subaureus, P. tahatali, P. mariquensis, ‚Ploceipasser mahali, Poliozpiza
gularis, Mirafra africana, Alemon semitorguata, Euryptila subein-
namonea, Calamonastes fasciolatus, Scops canensis, Asio madagascariensis,
A. capensis, Glaucidium capensis, Smithornis capensis, Cinnyris
verreauxi, Caprimulgus natalensis.

14 birds from South Africa. Presented. [63. 3. 10, 1-14.]

68 birds from South Africa. Presented after his death. [72. 10. 4,
52-120.]

Sir Andrew Smith was one of the early pioneers of travel into thethen
unknown interior of South Africa. He discovered many new species,
most of which he described in his “ Report of the Expedition for exploring
Central Africa, from the Cape of Good Hope, June 23, 1834, under the
superintendence of Dr. A. Smith. Published for the subscribers only.
Printed a‘ the Government Gazette Oflice, Grave Street, Cape Town,
1836.” He also published some fur ther notes in the “ South African
Quarterly Journal” (nos. i.-v., 1329-1831; 2nd series, nos. i-iv., 1833-
1834). While in South Africa he made the acquaintance of the Verreaux
brothers, and his collections were mounted by Jules and Alexis Verreaux.

On his return to England with the collections he had made, he
onened an exhibition of the results of his travels at the Egyptian Hall,
Piccadilly, in 1837 (the hall Bullock had built for his Museum about the
year 1811). A suide to the exhibition was called “ A Catalogue of the
South African Museum, now exhibiting at the Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly,
the property of a society entitled “The Cape of Guod Hope Association
for exploring Central Africa’ This catalogue may be had at the Hall, or
of Smith, Elder & Oo., Cornhill, 1837. Price one shilling.”

To the great chagrin of Sir Andrew, who had done so much hard
work, and discovered such a number of new forms of animal life, the
exhibition was a failure, and on the 6th of June, 1838, the sale of the

486 Zoology.

collection was commenced by Messrs. J. C. and S. Stevens at their rooms
in King Street, Covent Garden. 'I'he British Museum acquired most of
the types, but a few passed into other hands.

A number of skins from Sir Andrew Smith’s early expeditions were
in the collections of Sir William Jardine and Mr. P. J. Selby, but I
could not discover whether they were sent direct to these gentlemen by the
explorer, or whether they were purchased at the sale above mentioned.

Sir Andrew published a big work, entitled “ Illustrations of the
Zoolozy of South Africa, consisting chiefly of figures and descriptions of
the objects of Natural History collected during an expedition iuto the
interior of South Africa in the years 1834, 1835, and 1836; fitted out by
the ‘Cape of Good Hope Association for exploring Oentral Africa,’ ” 4to,
London, 1838-1848 (Aves, plates 1-114).

Of. Diet. Nat. Biogr., liii., p. 15.

Smith (Dr. A. DoxaLpson).

23 types of new species, collected in Somali Land.

The collection made by Dr. Donaldson Smith was a very important
one. It was worked out and described by myself (cf. Sharpe, P.Z.S.,
1895, pp. 457-520, pls. xxvii., xxviii.), and the types of the new species
were generously presented to the Museum by the explorer.

The new species were described by me in the Vol. iv. of the
“ Bulletin of the British Ornithological Club,” and were as follows :——
Spizocorys personata, Alaudula somalica, Dryoscopus rufinuchalis, Ntilaus
minor, Bradyornis pumilus, ‘Melznornis schistacea, Eremomela
Havierissatis, Cisticola somalica, Pycnonotus dodsoni, Phyllostrophus
pauper, Argya saturata, Turacus donaldsoni, Lophoceros medianus,
L. sibbensis.

104 specimens collected on Dr. Donaldson Smith’s expedition to Lake
Rudolf. Presented. [1901. 6. 15, 1-104.]

Many interesting species added to the Museum, including the types of
Cossypha omoensis, Sharpe, and Ploceipasser donaldsoni, Sharpe. The
collection was described by me in the “ Proceedings” of the Zoological
Society for 1901 (pp. 602-622, pl. xxxvi).

Smith (Dr. A. Doxaupsoxn), Farnum (J. E.), and Farnum
(GEB):

74 birds from the Khingan Mountains in Mongolia. Presented.
[98. 11. 15, 1-74.]

This collection was deseribed by me in the “Ornis” for 1901
(cf. Sharpe, Ornis, xi., pp. 155-172).

Smith (F. C.).

8 birds, collected by the Rev. E. H. Hubbard at Nassa, in Speke Gulf,
Victoria Nyanza, containing the type of Francolinus hubbardi, Grant.
Purchased. [95. 3. 3, 1-8.]

7 birds, nests and eggs from Bathurst, Gambia. Presented. [1905.
9. 3, 1-7.]

Smith (H.)

3 specimens of the Ptarmigan (Zagopus mutus) from Newtonmore,

Scotland. Presented. [1905. 9. 8, 1-3.]

Smith (METCcALFE).

93 birds from Australia, mostly from Queensland. Presented. [95.
4.2, 1-7; 99. 2. 10, 1-43.]

Birds. 487

Smith (Dr. P. W. Bassett).

21 birds colleeted in N.W. Australia and Dammar Island in the
Banda Sea, during the voyage of H.M.S. Penguin, including the types
of Zosterops bassetti and Rhipidura büttikoferi (cf. Sharpe, Ann. Mag.

Nat. Hist. (6), xiv., p. 57). Presented by tne Lords of the Admiralty.
[92. 4. 4, 1-21.]

Smith-Shand (Surgeon A. K.), R.N.

A specimen of a Wren from Iceland ( Troglodytes borealis). Presented.
1904. 7.12, 1.]

Smithsonian Institution, Washington.
See also U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM.
48 birds from the West Indian Islands. Presented. [70. 4. 13, 1-48.]
4 birds from Arizona and New Mexico. Presented. Gymnokitta
cyanocephala, Aphelocoma woodhousei, and A. ultramarina were new to
the collection.

These specimens were sent to aid in the preparation of vol. iii. of the
“ Catalogue of Birds.”

Sneed (Frank L.).

2 specimens of Gennzus rubripes from the Ruby Mines, Burma.
Purchased. [1905. 12. 1, 1-2.]

Söderstrom (L.).
157 birds from the Andes of Ecuador. Presented. [97. 11. 12,
1-157.]
See also HaGGARD, W.H.D.

South African Museum.

8 birds from South Africa. Purchased. [38. 6. 9, 1-98.]

Included many types of species described by Sir Andrew Smith
and others, among them those of Euplectes taha, Prionops talacoma,
Schizorhis concolor, Ortygis lepurana, Francolinus natalensis, F. lechoho,
F. swainsoni, Merula libonyana, Amadina erythrocephala, Megalopterus
australis, Pyrrhulauda smithi, Philzterus lepidus, Mirafra africana,
M. sabota, M. africanoides, M. cheniana, Erythropygia pena, Strix
capensis.

149 birds from South Africa. Purchased. [41. 4. 808-834; 43. 2.
28, 21-122.]

Included Smith’s types of Merops bullockoides, Pyrrhulauda australis,
P. verticalis, Ammomanes ferruginea, Burnesia substriata, Spiloptila
ocularia, Cisticola subruficapilla, ©. cherina, C. terrestris, (. aberrans,
O. natolensis, O. cheniuna, Bubo capensis, Syrnium woodfordi, Cerchneis
rupicoloides, Francolinus coqui, F. zephena, F. gariepensis, Spatula
capensis, Krismatura maccoa.

South African Museum, Cape Town (W. L. ScLATER,
Director).
54 Cormorants (Phalacrowrax capensis) from Table Bay. Presented.
[1905. 2. 5, 1-5.]
Sowerby (J. LAWRENCE).

66 birds from the Fort Chiquaqua, Mashonaland. Purchased. [98.5.
2, 1-66.]

488 Zoology.

This collection was made by a young trooper during the Matabele
war, all the specimens being procured with a Mauser rifle, no gun or shot
being available. A Barbet was new to science (Stactolema sowerbyi,
Sharpe, Bull. B.O.C., vii., p. 35, 1898). The collection was described by
Mr. Sowerby in the “ Ibis ” for 1898 (pp. 567-575, pl. xüi.).

Spanner and Co. (OLIVER).
5 Grouse au.d 3 Owls from Canada. Purchased. [96. 9. 7, 1-8.]

Spatz (Mr.).
6 birds from Tunis, Oypselus koenigi and Caccabis spatzi being new
to the collection. Purchased. [96. 9. 5, 1-6.]

Sperling (Commander R. M.).

39 birds from the Congo. Presented. [73.9. 8, 1-39.] (/f. Sharpe,
P.Z.S., 1873, pp. 716, 717.

Commander Sperling saw service both on the east and west coasts of
Africa, and was an excellent naturalist. He died suddenly of typhoid
fever on his return fıom one of these cruises. (f. Obituary Notice
(Ibis, 1874, p. 465). |
Spring-Rice (Commander Hon. Francıs), R.N.

10 birds from Valencia Island, Ireland. Presented. [1904. 12. 24,

1-2; 1904. 12. 28, 1-8.]

A Razor-bill (Alca torda) from Valencia Island, Ireland. Presented.

[1905. 4. 27, 1.]

Stanford (J. BENNET).

42 specimens from Somali Land, containing the type of Caprimulgus
torridus, Lort Phillips, Bull. B.0.C., viii., p. 23 (1898). Presented.
[98. 1. 14, 1-42.]

Stanley (Capt. Owen).

219 specimens of birds, skulls, nests and eges, collected by Mr. John
Macsillivray during the voyage of H.M.S. ZRattlesnake. Presented.
[50. 7. 20, 14; 54. 12. 5, 135-315; 55. 4. 11, 1-25.]

Capt. Stanley was in command of the Rattlesnake, and was a keen
naturalist himself. Many new species were discovered during this
voyage, one of the most interesting being Queen Victoria’s Rifle-bird
(Ptilorhis vietorie).

Stares (JOHN).

111 Cuckoos’ eggs, with the nests and eggs of the foster-parents,
Meadow Pipits, from the beach near Portsmouth. Presented. [983.7. 3,
1-55; 95. 7. 13, 10-40; 96. 3. 18, 1-27.]

Stares (Joms) and Earle (Epwarn).

24 specimens of Avocets and Black-tailed Godwits from Denmark,
with eggs (for the Public Gallery). Presented. [1900. 6. 20, 1-24.]

Steele Elliot.
See ELLIOT.
Steere (Prof. J. B.).
74 birds from Michigan. Presented. [76. 8. 21, 1-74.]
77 birds from the Philippine Islands, collected during Prof. Steere’s
first expedition to the Archipelago. Purchased. [76. 8. 28, 1-77.]

Birds. 489

These were duplicates from the first c.llection which was described
by me ['Irans. Linn. Soc. (2) i., pt. vi., pp. 307-355, pls. xlvi.-Liv. (1877)].
20 species were new to the Museum.

2650 birds, nests and eggs from the Philippine Archipelago, including
the types procured by Prof. Steere and his companions during the second
expedition to those ıslands. Purchased. [96. 4. 14, 1-88; 96. 4.7.15,
1-117; 96. 6. 6, 1-1445.]

The following types of new species were includel in this series —
Circus philippinensis, Penelopides mindorensis, P. basilanica, P.
samarensis, Corvus samarensis, Oriolus basilanicus, Artamides min-
dorensis, A. panayensis, Edoliisoma panayensis, Pseudolalage minor,
Pericrocotus leytensis, Hypothymis samarensis, Uyanomyias helenz,
Rhinomyias samarensis, Urthotomus panayensis, O. samarensis, Cıtto-
cincla cebuensis, lole guimarasensis, ]. mindorensis, ]. siquijorensis,
Poliolophus basilanicus, Macronus mindanensis, Ptilocichla basilanica,
P. mindanensis, Zosterops basilanica, Cinnyris jugularis intermedia,
C. guimarasensis, Arachnothera philippensis, Diezum besti, Prionochilus
samarensis, Surcophanops samarensis, (eyx basilanica, C. samarensis,
C. fluminicola, Thriponax philippensis, T. mindorensis, Chrysocolaptes
rufopunctatus, Iyngipieus fulvifasciatus, I. leytensis, Centropus min-
dorensis, Bolbopsittacus mindanensis, Loriculus worcesteri, L. siquijorensis,
L. mindorensis, Prioniturus luconensis, P. mindorensis.

Steet (G. CArRIcK).
18 birds from New Zealand. Presented. [95. 2.1, 1-18.]

Stephens (G.).

52 specimens from Sierra Leone, Madeira, and the West Indies,
including a speceimen of Thryothorus musicus new to the Museum.
Presented. [94. 5. 23, 1-52.]

Stevens (SAMNUEL).

64 specimens from various localities. Purchased. [48. 11. 21, 1-17;
50. 8. 14, 1-24; 51. 4. 29, 1-23.]

86 skeletons, chiefly of British Birds. Purchased. [49. 11. 13,
21-57; 51. 12. 23, 9-13; 52. 1. 23, 11-39; 52. 2. 28, 8-12.]

17 specimens from Bolivia, probably collected by T. Bridges.
Purchased. [51. 5. 23, 7-23.]

27 specimens from the River Amazon, collected by Wallace and
Bates. Purchased. [51. 10. 3, 1-20.]

9 birds and eges from the Himalayas, “from Major Charlton’s
collection.” Purchased. [52. 9. 4, 1-9.]

44 specimens from Boyotä, U. 8. Colombia. Purchased. [53. 10. 30,
1-44.

24 birds and esgs from Greenland, collected by Governor Holboell,
including the type of Hierofalco holboelli, Sharpe, as well as the eggs.
Purchased. [53. 12. 21, 1-9; 53. 12. 29, 1-15.]

26 birdsfiom Ceylon. Purchased. [54. 1. 12, 1-15; 54. 3. 15, 1-4.]

127 birds from Bogotä. Purchased. [54. 1. 25, 1-127.]

50 specimens from South America. Purchased. [56. 1. 31, 1-50.]

50 specimens from the island of Lombok, collected by Dr. A. R.
Wallace. Purchased. [87. 6. 13, 1-50.]

This was the first collection sent from the Malay Archipelago by
Dr. Russel Wallace. The understanding between the traveller and George
Robert Gray was, that the latter should describe the collections in their

490 Zoology.

entirety, which was done. The first set Dr. Wallace retained for himself,
and the second set was to go to the British Museum. These separate
series were selected by the traveller, and the types of the new species
remained in the care of Mr. Samuel Stevens, until tbe return of
Dr. Wallace. When he came back to England after his wonderful
expedition to the Malay Archipelago, he settled in London, and I
remember having an introduction to him from a friend, and visiting him
in the Gloucester Road, Regent’s Park. I was then working at my
“Monograph of the Kingfishers,” and I remember his showing me his
private collection of these birds—many species of Tunysiptera, which I
had never seen before; and his generous conduct in lending me his
specimens to figure in my “Monograph ” will never be forgotten by me.
Never had any tyro such a good friend as Dr. Wallace proved to be in
my case.

38 specimens from the River Amazon, collected by Mr. H. W. Bates.
Purchased. [57. 10. 14, 1-38.]

74 specimens from Makassar, Celebes, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace.
Purchased. [57. 8. 3, 4-19; 58. 12. 2, 39-96. ]

Many species new to the collection: Gazzola typica, Macroptery&
wallacei, Hypothymis puella, Geocichla erythronota, Lalage leucopygialis
and Penelopides exarrhatus.

22 specimens from Orizaba, Mexico. Purchased. [57. 12. 22, 1-22.]

56 specimens from the River Amazon and River Javari, collected by
H. W. Bates. Purchased. [58.1. 11, 1-37; 58..4. 27, 34-52.

Many species new to the Museum, viz.: Thamnophilus melanurus,
T. plumbeus, T. leuconotus, Hypocnemis cantator, H. leucophrys,
H. theresz, H. myiotherina, Pygoptila maculipennis, Pteroglossus
humboldti.

150 specimens from the Aru Islands and Key Islands, collected by
Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [58. 3. 10, 1-150.]

16 birds from Amboina, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace, including
Oyanaleyon lazuli new to the collection. Purchased. [59. 3.25, 1-5;
59. 3. 30, 1-11.]

74 birds from Dorey, New Guinea, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace.
Purchased. [59. 4. 5, 1-7.]

Several species new to the collection, e.g., Corone orru, Gymnocoras
senex, Pseudorrhectes ferrugineus, Chalcophaps stephaniand Mino dumonti.

24 birds from Mozambique, collected by Dr. Gueinzius. Purchased.
[59. 5. 21, 1-24.]

4 specimens of Semioptera wallacei from Batchian, collected by
Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [59. 6. 13, 1-4.]

39 specimens of birds from New Üaledonia, collectted by John
MacGillivray. Purchased. [59. 6. 14, 1-39].

Several species new to the Museum, viz., Artamus melanoleucus,
Symmorphus nzvius, Merula xzanthopus, Aplonis striata, Pachycephala
xantherythrea, with the type of Myiagra melanura, Gray.

54 birds, 12 nests and 25 eggs from Natal, collected by Dr. Gueinzius.
Purchased. [60. 1. 19, 1-90.]

103 birds from the island of Batchian in the Moluccas, collected by
Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [60. 2. 4, 1-103.]

This collection added to the Museum the following species: Ceyx
uropygialis, Alcyone afiinis, Hermotimia auriceps, Diezum schistaceiceps,
Lalage aurea, Melitoyrais giloloensis, Carpophaga basilica, Graucalus
papuensis, Piezorhynchus nigrimentum, JPitta cyanonota and P.
rufiventris.

Birds. 491

14 birds from Siam and Cambodia, collected by M. Mouhot, and
eontaining the type of Garrulaxw mouhoti, Sharpe, Cat. B., vii., p. 444
(1883). Purchased. [60. 7. 2, 3-16 ]

79 birds from Timor, E. Gilolo, Ternate, collected by Dr. A. R.
Wallace. Purchased. [60. 9. 5, 1-79.]

T'he following species were new tothe collection : Oreicola melanoleuca,
Megaloprepia formosa, Eulipoa wallacei, Aprosmictus hypophonius,
Pitta maxima, Rhipidura rufiventris, Philemon timoriensis.

46 birds from Uelebes, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased.
[60. 9. 6, 1-46.]

The following were new to the collection : Ptilopus qgularis, P.
formosus, Curpophaga radiata, Myristieivora luctuosa, Macropygia
albicapilla, Chalcophops stephani, Coracias temmincki, Pelargopsis
melanorhyncha, Lyncornis macropterus, Seissirostrum dubium, Prioni-
turus platurus and Hypotznidia celebensis.

52 eugs of Indian bırds.. Purchased. [60. 11. 10, 1-52.]

27 birds from Ceram, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased.
[60. 12. 6, 1-27.]

Among this series were the following species new to the collection:
Baza reinwardti, Philemon subcorniculatus, Ceyx lepida, and Eelectus
cardinalis.

116 birds from Ceram, Waision, Mysol, etc., collected by Dr. A. R.
Wallace. Purchased. [61. 12. 11, 1-116.]

T'he following species new to the collection : Philemon nov& guinee,
Rhectes uropygialis, BR. cerviniventris, Pseudorhectes leucorhynchus, P.
Ferrugineus, Machserorhynchus albifrons, Monarcha nigrimentum, Piezo-
rhynchus aruensis, P. guttulatus, Todopsis wallacei, Miereca flavovires-
cens, kdoliisoma schistaceiceps, Pachycephala griseonota, Collocalia
esculenta, Puradisea sanguinea and Geoffroyus rhodops.

114 specimeus from East Timor, collectted by Dr. A. R. Wallace.
Purcnased. [62. 3. 20, 1-114.]

Ptilotis maculata, Philemon inornatus, Myzomela vulnerata, Diezum
mackloti, Halcyon australasie, Rhipidura semicollaris, R. rufiventris,
Ptistes jonquilaceus, Artamides personatus, Pachycephala calliope, Lalage
timoriensis, Turacena modesta, and (Geopelia maugei, were new to the
collection.

35 birds from Morotai, Gilolo, Ternate, New Guinea, Salawati,
collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Purchased. [69. 2. 11, 1-35.]

Tanysiptera doris, ZEluredus buccoides, Locustella fasciolata,
Todopsis eyanocephala, Erythrura trichroa, Piezorhynchus bimaculatus,
Oriolus pheochromus, Oriniger chloris, Philemon fuscicapillus, Lycocoras
pyrrhopterus, Oyclopsittacus desmaresti, Ptilopus monachus, Henicophaps
albifrons, Habroptila wallacei, and Eutrygon terrestris were new to the
collection.

30 birds from the Sula Islands, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace. Loriculus
sclateri, Psitteuteles flavoviridis, Oriolus frontalis, Oriniger longirostris,
Pitta crassirostris, Pelargopsis melanorhynchus, Chibia pectoralis,
Artamus monachus, Hypotznidia suleirostris, and Rallina minahassa
were new to the collection. Purchased. [62. 12. 21, 1-30.]

27 birds from Formosa, collected by Consul R. Swinhoe : Bambusicola
sonorivox, Myiophoneus insularis, Trochalopterum taivanum, Pomato-
rhinus musicus, P. erythrocnemis, Dendrocopus insularis, Pericrocotus
griseigularis, and Hypsipetes nigerrimus were new to the collection.
Purchased. [63. 2. 16, 1-27.]

15 birds from Bouru, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace: Pitta rubrinucha,

499 Zoology.

Rhipidura bouruensis, Monarcha loricata, Philemon moluecensis, Oriolus
bouruensis, Edolüisoma marginatum, Oriniger mystacalis, Athene hantu,
Myristieivora melunura, Tanygnathus affinis, and Ninox squamipila
were new to the collection. Purchased. [63. 2. 16, 29-43.]

25 birds from Gaboon, collected by P. Du Chaillu: Camaroptera
brevicaudata, Nigrita luteifrons, Pyrenestes coccineus, Alethe castanea,
and Turdinus fulvescens were new to the collection. Purchased,
[63. 12. 15, 1-25.]

25 birds from Flores, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace: Rhipidura
diluta, Pachycephala fulvotineta, Teniopygia insularis, Sporzginthus
Slavidiventris, Zosterops aureifrons, Diczum ignifer, Osmotreron floris
and Aceipiter sylvestris were new to the colleciion. Purchased.
[63. 12. 16, 1-25.]

29 birds from various Molucca Islands, collected by Dr. A. R. Wallace.
Purchased. [65. 9. 7, 1-29.]

8 birds from Damaraland, collected by Mr. C. J. Andersson. Lanio-
turdus torquatus new to the collection. Purchased. [65. 9. 9, 1-8.]

16 birds from Turkey in Europe, and Asia Minor, collected by
T. Robson. Purchased. [65. 9. 10, 1-16.]

11 birds from various localities.. Purchased. [65. 9. 18, 1-11.]

49 birds from Japan, colleeted by Capt. St. John. Purchased.
[65. 11. 29, 1-49.]

36 birds from Mohambo, Madasascar, collected by Mr. Gerrard
(cf. Newton, P.Z.S., 1865, pp. 833-837). Purchased. [66. 5. 5, 1-36.]

38 birds from Port Albany, N. Australia. Purchased. [65. 5. 7,
1-38.]

19 birds from Southern Africa, collected by C. J. Andersson.
Purchased. [66. 7. 19, 1-19.]

Stewart (Lieut. A. T.), R.N.

A specimen of the flightless Merganser (Mergus australis) from the
Aukland Islands. Preseuted. [1904. 4. 30, 1.]

Stirling (Mrs.).
21 birds from India and South Africa. Presented. [87. 2. 12, 1-21.]
Mrs. Stirling is the daughter of the late Mr. Arthur Grote, who wrote
an excellent memoir of his friend Edward Blyth (ef. Journ. A. 8. Beng.,
Extra No., August, 1875). The few bird-skins which she found amongst
her father’s effects contained specimens of some rare African Bustards.

Stokes (Capt. ), R.N., H.M.S. Acheron.

140 birds from New Zealand. Presented. [49. 12. 12, 1-47; 52.1.
17.3.931

T'hese specimens were collected by Dr. Lyall. Among them are the
types of Xenicus stokesi and T’urnagra erassirostris, new to the collection.

5 birds in spirit from New Zealand. Presented. [53. 2. 14, 37-41.]

Storey (C. B.).

55 birds from British East Africa. Presented. [1904. 2. 1, 1-11;
1904. 4. 8, 1-27; 1904. 4. 14, 1-17.]

Contained a specimen of Laniarius cathemagmenus, new to the
eollection.

48 birds in spirit from Florida. Presented. [1904. 5. 13, 1-24;
1904. 5. 14, 1-24.]

Birds. 495

Stoliczka (Dr. F.).

6 birds from the N.W. Himalayas. Presented. [67. 9. 24, 1-6.]
Of. Pelzeln, Ibis, 1868, pp. 302-321.

Dr. Stoliczka travelled in many parts of India and the Malay
Peninsula, and collected everywhere. He was also attached to the Second
Yarkand Mission and made a valuahle collection of birds.

(Of. Ibis, 1866, p. 412, 186%, p. 302, 1869, p. 208, 1871,p. 474; Journal
of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1870, p. 277, 1872, p.120; Stray Feathers,
i., p- 425; i., p. 461, 462; iii., pp. 251-220.

Of. Obituary, Ibis, 1874, pp. 470, 471; Stray Feathers, ii., pp. 2-8.

Stone (Ocravıus C.).

25 specimens from S.E. New Guinea. Purchased. [77. 2.9, 1-25.]

Mr. Stone’s collection was described by me (Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool.,
xiii., pp. 486-505), and the following new species were described : Spheco-
theres salvadorii, Diezum rubrocoronatum, ZElurcedus stonei, Gerygone
cinerascens and Janthenas rawlinsoni (=Columba albigularis, Bp. cf.
Salvad., Cat. B., xxi., p. 313). (f. “A few months in New Guinea,”
by O.C. Stone, 8vo, London, 1880, 258 pp.

Strachan (Lieut.-Col.).
18 birds from the River Gambia. Presented. [76. 6. 1, 1-18.]

Strader (Dr.).

See GERRARD, E.

Strange (F.).

Collected in New Zealand and Australia, and made beautiful skins. I
have not been able to find out any records of his career, but I can
remember that Mr. Gould always spoke of him with high appreciation as
a coilector.

Stuart (H. E. JoHNsToNE).

Two specimens of the Nubian Bustard (Lissotis nuba) from the
Egyptian Sudan. Presented. [1904. 8. 9, 1-2.]

Sturt (Capt. CHARLES).

124 birds from the interior of Australia, including the type of
Oinclosoma cinnamomeum, Gould. Presented. [46. 5. 22, 1-124.]

These specimens were procured by Captain Sturt on his adventurous
journey into the interior of the Australian continent (cf. Dict. Nat.
Biogr., lv., p. 136).

Sturt (Gen. Narıer), CB.
28 specimens from India and Abyssinia. Presented. [78. 3. 8, 1-28.]
General Sturt served in the expedition to Magdala, and procured some
species of birds which supplemented the collections made by Dr. Blanford
and Mr. Jesse. 'T'hese he presented to the Museum.

Styan (F. W.).

23 specimens from Shanghai and Szechuen. Presented. [87. 3. 8,
1-23.]

Types of Pomatorhinus styani and Trochalopteram einereiceps, new
to the Museum. ,

494 Zoology.

105 specimens from Kiukiang. Presented. |90. 12. 24, 1-42; 94.2,
17, 1-63.

10 from Szechuen, Ichang, Chefoo, etc. Presented. [99. 2,
22, 1-10.

Mr. AR is a well-known authority on the birds of the Chinese
Empire, and the following are some of the most important of the memoirs
which he has written on the subjeet :—

On a new species of Trochalopteron (Ibis, 1887, p. 166-168, pl. vi.).

On a collection of birds from Foochow (Ibis, 1857, p. 216-234).

Some notes on and additions to the Chinese Avifauna (Ibis, 1889,
pp. 443-446).

On the birds of the lower Yangtse Basin, Part I. (Ibis, 1891,
pp. 316-359).

On the birds of the lower Yangtse Basin, Part II. (Ibis, 1891,
pp. 481-510).

On five apparently new species of birds from Hainan (Ibis, 1893,
pp. 54-57).

Descriptions of Pyenonotus taivanus and Diczum cyanonotum (Ibis,
1893, pp. 469-470).

Notes on the ornithology of China (Ibis, 1894, pp. 329-337, pl. ix.).

On some Chinese species of the genus Alcippe (Ivıs, 1896,
pp. 309-312).

Description of Chrysophlegma ricketti, n. sp., Bull. B.O.C., vii.,
p- 40 (1898).

Additions to the list of Lower Yangtse birds (t. c., pp. 286-289).

On birds from West China (Ibis, 1599, pp. 287-300).

Descriptions of three new species of birds from China (Bull. B.O.C.,
viii, p. 26 (1899).

On the occurrence of Nyeticorax magnifica in the Anhwei, Province
of China (Ibis, 1902, p. 164).

Sudbury Museum.
42 birds from Bahia. Purchased. [43.11. 27,2-41; 43.11. 29, 3-4.]

Sushkin (Dr. P.).

16 birds from Russia, including two specimens of Fierofalco cherrug
from the Province of Tula. Presented and exchanged. [1901, 1. 26,
1-16.

“ Sushkin spent some time in England in 1900, and studied the
collection of Aceipitres in the British Museum. He bas published several
important papers on the Birds of Prey.

Swan (Messrs.).
12 specimens from the Gran Chaco, Argentina. Purchased.
[99. 11. 12, 1712]

Swanzy (ANDREW).
31 specimens from the Gold Coast, including the type of Diaphorophyia
blissetti. Presented. [72. 10. 26, 33-45; 73.1. 28, 1-18.]

Swaysland (W.).

44 specimens from Brighton. Purchased. [83. 10. 20, 1-44.]

The Swayslands, father and sons, were well-known Brighton natura-
lists, and contributed much to the history of our native birds. Seebohm
made many excursiouns with them, and I spent a month bird-catching
in November 1894, one of the most interesting experiences I ever had.

Birds. 495

T'bey watched the spring and autumn migrations for a series of years, and
many species were detected by them for the first time in England. Some
of their rarest captures passed into the collection of Mr. T. J. Monk, of
Lewes.

Swinhoe (Col. CHARLES).

341 birds from the neighbourhood of Kandahar, Afghanistan.
Presented. [81. 12.1, 1-341.] (/. Colonel Swinhoe’s paper on the Birds
of Southern Afghanistan, (Ibis, 1882, pp. 95-126).

332 birds from Mhow, Central India. Presented. [84. 10. 8, 1-332.]
Qf. C. Swinhoe and H. E. Bırnes’ paper on the Birds of Central India,
(Ibis, 1885, pp. 52-69, 124-138).

Colonel Swinhoe is a well-known Indian zoologist, who made
some useful and interesting collections of birds, which he gave to the
Museum, having been always an enthusiastic contributor to the National
Collection.

Swinhoe (Consul RoBErT).

4 British birds and 5 nests with eggs. Presented. [54. 5. 29, 1-9.]

16 specimens from Amoy. Presented. [58. 6. 18, 1-16.]

23 speciimens from Hainan. Purchased. [71. 3. 21, 1-23.]

8 species new to the collection, viz., Micropternus holroydi, Hemizus
castanonotus, Jvus hainanus, Criniger pallidus, Hypsipetes perniger,
Garrulax monachus, Hthopyga christine, Aruchnechthra rhizophore.

22 specimens of Birds uf Prey from China. Purchased. [74. 2. 21,
14-26; 74. 3. 26, 1-9.]

A few specimens were purchased by the Museum from the collections
of Chinese birds made by Consul Swinhoe, as occasion offered. His
private collection was purchased, after Swinhoe’s death, by Mr. Henry
Seebohm, and was bequeathed to the nation with the rest of his
collection by the latter.

The following is a list of the papers published by Robert Swinhoe: —

Notes on some new species of birds found on the Island of Formosa.
Journ. North China Branch R. As. Soc. (Shanghai), May 1859.

Ornithology of Amoy (China). Ibis, 1860, pp. 45-68, 89, 130,
357-861.

On Chinese birds. £.c., pp. 428, 429.

Notes on the Ornithology ot Hong Kong, Macao and Canton, made
during the latter end of February, March, April and the beginning of
May, 1860. Ibis, 1861, pp, 23-57.

Notes on some birds observed about Talien Bay (N. China), from
June 21 to July 25, 1860. L.c., pp. 251-262.

On the Ornithology of Amoy and Foochow. £.c., pp. 262-268.

Notes on Ornithology taken between Takoo and Peking, in the
neishbourhood of Peiho River, Province of Chelee, North China, from
August to December, 1860. £.c., pp. 323-045.

Ornithological ramble in Foochow, in December, 1861. Ibis, 1862,
pp- 253-269.

On some Tientsin birds collected by Mr. Fleming, R.A., in the
possession of Mr. Whiteley. P.Z.S., 1862, pp. 315-325.

Additions and Corrections to the Ornithology of Northern China.
Ibis, 1863, pp. 87-97, pl. iii.

The Omithology of Formosa, or Taiwan. £.c.,, pp. 198-219, pl. v.;
250-311, pl. vi.; 377-435.

Notes on the Ornithology of Northern Japan. f.c., pp. 442-447,

496 Zoology.

On new and little-known birds from China. P.Z.S., 1863. pp.
87-94.

On the species of E inhabiting China and Japan, with the
description of a new species. pp. 203- "205.

Catalogue of the birds of la with remarks prineipally on their
geosraphical distribution. £.c., pp. 259-339.

Örnitholosical notes from Formosa. Ibis, 1866, pp. 292-316, pl. ix.,
392-406, pl. xi.

Descriptions of four new species of Formosan birds; with further notes
on the Ornitholo:y of the Isiand. Ibis, 1564, pp. 361-370, 413-418.

A voice on Ornithology from Formosa. Ibis, 1866, pp. 129-138,
)l. v.

Ornithological notes from Formosa. Ibis, 1866, pp. 392-406, pl. xi.

Jottings on birds from my Amoy Journal. Ibis, 1867, pp. 226- 237,
385-413.

Örnithological notes from Amoy. Ibis, 1868, pp. 52-65.

On the Ornithology of Hainan. 1bis, 1870, pp. 77-97, 230-256,
342-367, pls. iv., ix., X.

On the Pied Wagtails of China. P.Z.S., 1870, pp. 120-124, 129
and 150.

On a new species of Accentor from North China. £.c., pp. 124 and
125, pl. ix.

Descriptions of seven new species of birds procured during a eruise up
the River Yangtsze. £.c., pp. 131-136, pl. xi.

On the Plovers of the genus "Fyialites found in China. d.c.,
pp- 136-142, pl. xii.

Zoolosical notes of a journey from Canton to Peking and Kalgan.
t.c., pp. 427-451.

"List of birds collected by Mr. Cuthbert Collingwood during a cruise in
the China and Japan Seas, with notes. £.c., PP. 600-604.

On a new Chinese Gull. P.Z.S., 1871, pp. 273-275, pl. xxii.

A revised catalogue of the birds of China and its islands with descrip-
tions of new species, references to former notes, and occasional remarks.
t.c., pp. 337-428.

"Deseriptions of two new Pheasants and a new Garrulax from Ningpo,
China. P.Z.S., 1872, pp. 550-554.

Ona Scaup Duck found in China. P.Z.S., 1873, pp. 411-413.

On the White Stork of Japan. Z.c., pp. 512 and 513.

On the Long-tailed Jay of Northern China with further notes on
Chinese Omithology. t£.c., pp. 687-690.

On a Black Albatros of the China Seas. £.c., pp. 784-786.

On a new species of Little Bittern from China. Ibis, 1873, pp. 73, 74,

1:31.
- On a new Chinese Owl of the genus Aetupa. £.c., pp. 127-129.

On the Rosy Ibis of China and Japan (Ibis nippon). t.c.,
pp. 249-253.

Notes on Chinese Ornithology. £.c., pp. 361-372.

Notes on Chinese Ormithology. Ibis, 1574, pp. 266-270, pl. x.

On some birds from Hakodadi, in Northern Japan £.c., pp. 150-166.

Ornithological notes made at Chefoo (Province of Shantung, North
China). £.c., pp. 422-447, pl. xiv., 1875, pp. 114-140, pl. iii.

On a new form of Reed-bird from Kastern Asia, Ibis, 1877, pp. 203-
205, pl. iv.

On a new bird from Formosa. f.c., pp. 473-476, R" iv.

Obituary. Ibis, 1878, pp. 126- 128.

el A

Birds. 497

Swinny (H. H.).
32 birds from West Pondo Land. Purchased. [1904. 6. 4, 1-21;
1904. 7.5, 1-11.]

Sydney Museum.
See AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM.

Taylor (J.).

21 birds from Mexico. Presented. [41. 6, 1524-1544.]

A MS. note by Dr. J. E. Gray adds: “Who received them from
Mr. Morgan, of the Rio del Monte Cemp. They were examined and said
to be described by Mr. Swainson.”

Taylor (EpwAarp CavenDisn).

1279 birds and 868 egsgs from various localities, chiefly from Egypt
and the Mediterranean. Bequeathed. [1905. 6. 28, 1-1279.]
Of. Ibis,1905, pp. 498-500.

Thackeray (F.).

11 birds, 3 from Ireland, 8 from Cape Colony. Presented. [84. 7.
24, 1-11.]

Thomas (OLprIELp), F.R.S.

6 birds collectei in the Province of Antioquia, U.S. Colombia, by
Mr. A. E. Pratt. Presented. [98. 10. 6, 1-6.]

7 birds from California. Presented. [1904. 4. 24, 1-7].

Thomasson (J. P.).

18 specimens from Hainan, collected by the late John Whitehead.
Presented. [1900. 1. 2, 1-18.]

Mr. J. P. Thomasson was the son of Thomas Thomasson of Bolton.
He was born May 19th, 1841, and died May 16th, 1904. His father was
a staunch supporter and personal friend of Richard Cobden, and Mr.
Thomasson became an executor under Mr. Cobden’s will.

In 1876 Mr. Thomasson founded one hundred Exhibitions and
Scholarships to the value of £25 a year, tenable for three years. By this
scheme he constructed an educational ladder by which the children of the
working classes in Bolton could pass from any Elementary school to the
best Secondary school available, and ultimately to the Universities.

In 1877 he was presented with the Grand Cordon of Takova by Prince
Milan of Servia, as a recognition of his gifts to the Servians when down-
trodden and oppressed by the Sultan.

In 1880 he was elected Liberal M.P. for Bolton, which he represented
until the following election in 1885. In 1881 he purchased and pre-
sented Mere Hall and the surrounding estate, with a further gift of £5000
for a public park and Museum, to the town of Bolton.

In the same year he presented the Haulgh Board-School to the town,
and also founded the T’homasson Gymnasium. In 1902 the Freedom of
the Borough of Bolton was conferred upon him.

Throuzhout his life the late Mr. Thomasson maintained the deepest
interest in the welfare of his fellow-townsmen in Bolton. By large
yearlv grants of money he made it possible for students at Elementary
schools to pass into higher “Secondary ” schools, and on to a University
training; an aivantage to which many now owe their high positions in the

voL. 11. 2 K

498 Zoology.

world. A similar scheme was founded by him a little later by which the
same advantages were placed within the reach of pupil teachers in
Elementary scuools, one of the largest Elementary schools in the Borough
being erected at his sole expense.

Soon after the establishment of a Natural History Museum in the
town, he purchased from Mr. Starkie Gardner of Folkestone his
collection of fussils from the Gault, Greensand and Chalk—about 1500
carefully prepared examples—and presented them to the instıtution.
Again, in 1894, he purchased a fine collection of British Lepidoptera,
containing about 7500 speeimens, and gave them to the town. This
formed a strong nucleus, round which has grown the present Museum
collection of Entomological specimens.

In 1904 he acquired an exceedinglv fine colleetion of British birds”
egas, formed by a Boltonian, Mr. F. W. Peaples, and until his death
Mr. Thomasson was busily engaged in arranging them. Unfortunately
he did not live to finish the work, but he left the entire collection, with
the cabinets containing it, to the Museum. It includes 1700 clutches of
eggs, and over 7000 specimens, as well as 200 nests of British birds. Par-
ticularly interesting are the very full sets of Guckoo’s eggs with those of
the foster-parents, of which there are 70 sets, with the eggs of 30 species
of foster-parent. The examples of the eggs of Guillemots, Ospreys and
Plovers are also very complete and valuable.

The Mere Hall Art Gallery, opened in 1891, was another of Mr.
Thomasson’s gifts to the town of Bolton, and this he supplemented by a
grant of £1000 towards the purchase of artistic objects. The Mere Hall
was a family mansion standing in a park of about 8 acres, which
Mr. Thomasson pnrchased and presented to the town for an open space,
now known as the Thomasson Park; and he afterwards gave a sum of
£6000 towards the adajtation of the Hall for the purposes of an Art
Gallery and Branch-Library.

Mr. Thomasson took great interest in Zooloey, and travelled much in
Norway and Lapland. He was also one of the subscribers to the White-
head Expedition to Hainan. Hısdonation included the types of Harpactes
hainanus, Lepocestes hainanus, Ohrysophlegma styani, and Dryonastes
castanotis.

Thompson (ARTHUR).
A mounted pair of Elliot’s Pheasant (Calophasis ellioti). Purchased.

[80. 3. 9, 1-2.]
A mounted pair of the Common Snipe (Gallinago gallinago).

Preseuted.

Thornhill (T. B. CLArke).
16 birds from the N.-W. Himalayas. Presented. [1904. 6. 19, 1-16.]

Thwaites (T.).

See Cumıne, Hvcn.

Treacher (Sir Wıruıam Hoop), K.C.M.@.

See GERRARD, E.

When in Labuan as Acting-Governor, Sir W. Treacher made collec-
tions in that island and on the Lawas River, and on Mt. Kina Balu. He
discovered Hzmatortyx sanguiniceps, Bambusicola hyperythra, Dendro-
eitta cinerascens. He presented his collection to the Oxford Museum.

Birds. 499

Treasury, Lords of the.
‚See FEILDEn, H. W.; HART, H.C.

Trevelyan (Major HERBERT).

168 birds from the district of Kingwilliamstown, South Africa.
Presented. [76.3. 19, 1-9; 76.6.8, 1-6; 76.12. 5,13; 77.1. 20, 1-43;
77.7. 28, 1-20; 77. 10.15, 21-95; 79. 8.1, 1-6; 80. 11. 4, 1-8.]

4 birds and 2 exes from Loch Erne, Ireland, and from. Devonshire.
Presented [1905. 6. 25, 1-3; 1905. 9. 7, 1; 1905. 11. 4, 1; 1905.
117.0.941]

During his service in South Africa, Major Trevelyan collected
extensively, and gave many interesting species of birds to the Museum.

Trevor-Battye (A. B. R.).

23 birds from Spitsbergen. Presented. [97. 2. 28, 1-23.]

Mr. 'I'revor-Battye is well known for his travels in Northern Europe,
and his adventures in Kolguev are described in his book “ Ice-bound in
Kolguev,” 4to, 1895.

Qf. also “ Who’s Who,” 1905, p. 1620.

Tristram (Canon H. B.), D.D., F.R.S., etc.

265 specimens from Palestine. Purchased. [64. 11. 22, 1-265.]

Of. Tristram, P.Z.S., 1864, pp. 426-456; id., Fauna and Flora of
Palestine, 4to.

41 specimens from various Parific islands (Fiji group, New Caledonia,
Loyalty Islands, etc.) Purchased. [79. 3. 5, 6-24; 80. 8. 10, 1-12;
82 5. 29, 1-10.]

These were duplicates from Mr. E.L. Layard’s collection, the first set,
with the types, being purchased by Mr. Seebohm, and bequeathed by
him to the British Museum.

Some of Mr. Layard’s collections were sent to Canon Tristram for
description, and many of the duplicates were offered to the Museum,
which thus acquired several rare species new to the National Collection,
such as Turdus pritzbueri, Olytorhynchus pachycephaloides, Myiagra
luguiei, Pachycephala littayei, Erythrura eyaneifrons, Zosterops inornata,
Z. minuta, Myzomelu lifuensis, Graucalus lifuensis, and Megapodius
layardi, etc. Cf. Layard, Ibis, 1878, pp. 265-280; 'Iristram, Ibis, 1879,
pp- 180-195, pls. iv.-vi.

27 birds from the Solomon Islands, and the New Hebrides, collected
by Lieut. Richards. Purchased. [80. 2. 10, 1-5; 81. 11. 14, 1-21.]

Canon Tristram was born under the shadow of the Cheviot Hills, and
passed his early life in Northumberland. He early developed a taste for
natural history study, and did much field-work in company with his
father’s friends, the late Ralph Carr-Ellison of Hedgely and J.C. Langlands
of Old Bewick. The inclinatious of the lad towards natural history may
have been hereditary, as he is a great nephew of the Hon. Daines Bar-
rıngto , Gilbert White’s correspondent.

"Like other boys, he began by making a collection of birds’ eggs,
and before the aue of fittven he had taken with his own hands,
and within a walk of his home, the egss of the Kite, Buzzard,
Marsh Harrier, Hen Harrier, Peregrine Falcon, and Raven. At school
and at Oxford he actively cherished his love fur ornithology and
entomolory, having as a boy at Durham School practised taxidermy
under old William Proctor, the Öurator of the Museum, who had made
several expedi'ions to Iceland. After leaving cullege, 'Iristram went to

voL. I. I

500 Zoology.

Switzerland for six months, and resumed his lessons in taxidermy with a
Mr. Linder, a naturalist of Geneva, who once disposed of a speeimen of
the Great Auk for £5! Entomology occupied his attention more than
omitholugy, though he studied the habits of the Nutcracker, Wall-
Creeper and Alpine Accentor. A year was »pent in Italy, notable for a
visit to Savi at Pisa. Ou his rerıurn to England he held a curacy in
Devonshire, where he met with many species of birds unknown in his
native Norihumbria. Ill-health compelled him to go abroad, and he
became acting Naval and Military Chaplain in Bermuda. Here he found
several keen ornithologists, who became his life-long friends, Colonel H.
Drummond-Hay, the first President of the British Ornithologists’ Union,
Colonel Wedderburn, J. L. Hurdis, and Sir J. Campbell Orde, of which
little band of workers Canon 'Iristram is the sole surviver. They all
collaborated in working at the subject of migration of birds, and during
the whole time of his stay in Bermuda, Tristram kept up a continual
correspondence with Sir William Jardine, while he formed the nucleus of
his great collection of birds, increased during a six menths’ tour through
the United States and Canada.

Canon Tristram ıeturned to England in 1849 to the rural parish of
Castle Eden, Durham, a unique collecting ground for botany and
entomology. In 1852 he made an excursion into Norwegian Lapland,
finding the nests of the Great Snipe, Bar-tailled Godwit and Green
Sandjiper, the eges of which were figured in the second edition of
Hewitson’s work. Ill-health, however, soon made him an irregular
migrant. He spent two ycars ın Alseria and the Sahara, and a third
in vachting in the Eastern Mediterranean with his friend William
Gibbs.

'I'hese three years gave the naturalist a rare opportunity of observing
and collecting birds, and he took full advantage of ıt. He was also able
to make an expedition up ıhe Nile, and passed a few weeks in Palestine,
not forgettiug tlie Jordan Valley "The ormithological results of these
tlıree years are set lorth at considerable length in the early numbers of
the “Ibis,’ and in his volume on tlıe “ Great Sahara.”

It was after Canon 'I'ristram’s return from the Levant that the idea of
fornıing the British Omitholvgists’ Union took shape in his study at
Castle Eden, when John Wolley, Alfred Newton, and Ösbert Salvin were
on a visit. The matter having been Jully discussed, they all went to
Cambridge for the meating of tne British Association uf 1858, and with
the addition of J.H. Gumey, Dr. P. L. Sclater, F. Du Cane Godman,
Perey Godman, Edward Cavendish Taylor and W. H. Hudleston (then
W. H. Sımpson), the foundation of the British Ornıthologists’ Union was
accomplished, aud in January 1859 the first number of the “ Ibis” was
put lished.

Since that time Canon Tristram has devoted his attention principally
to the Ornitholory of Palestine and Syria. His first hurried visit had
suggested to him what the Jordan Valley might reveal, and having been
asked by the S.P.C.K. and by Mr. John Murray to write a work on the
Holy Land, he obtamed leave ot absence from his little country parish
and spent a year (1863-64) in a sy stematic exploration of Palestine, taking
with him Dr. B. ©. Loune as Botanist, and Mr. Edward Bartlett as
Taxidermist, with several valued private friends-—Sir W. ©. P. Medlicott,
H. M. Upcher, and others.

"The outcome of thıs expedition was satisfactory, as it led to the forma-
tion of the Palextine Exjloration Fund, through the efforts of the late
Dean Stanley and Sir George Grove, the Dean making a tour with Canon

Birds. 501

Tristram to the Universities and some of the chief towns in Great Britain
for the purpose.

An expedition to Moab in 1872 with several other friends, Lonis
Buxton, M. Trotter, R. C. Johnson, and Amhurst Hayne, was more
fruitful in archzological than biological results, as was another very
interesting seven months spent in 1881 in Northern Syria, Mesopotamia,
and the Euphrates Vailey, of which a full account was published in the
“Ibis”? The same periodical contains an account uf the by no means
inconsiderable results of the exploration by Canon Tristram and his
indetatigable friend, E. G. B. Meade-Waldo, ot all the seven ıslands of the
Canary group.

In 1891 he passed seven months in Oentral China and Japan, and has
since made twu journeys to the east, but without doing much biological
work. On his last vısit to Palestine he was kicked by a mule and
had his leg broken, but has since been as active as ever, and still
perforuss his auties in Durham Cathelral. Appalled by the disaster
which overtook the badly-catalogued collection of Sir William Jardine,
which was suld for a fıaction of its real value, Canon Tristram prepared
and printed a catalogue ot his own collection. Th's was purchased by
the Liverpool Museum in . His interest in Ornithology is, however,
as keen as ever, though he writes no more. Ina letter recently received
by me, he says: “It is something to have known in my youth Jardine,
Selby, Yarrell, Salmon, Johnstone, and the Hancocks.”

Turin, Royal Zoological Museum.

60 specimens from Shoa. Received in exchange. [93. 11. 20, 1-60.]
Three species, Oypselus shelleyi, Eleocerthia ragazzii and Urobrachyw
traversi, were new to the collection.

Turner (Mr.).

54 specimeus from various localities. Purchased [37. 7. 15, 67-100;
89. 4.15, 1-6; 39. 12. 18, 25-34; 43. 2. 9, 1-16).

13 birds from Pacıfic Islands. Purchased 19. 7. 29, 1-13].

27 Humming-birds. Purchased [47. 3. 27, 1-37].

9 Skeletons. Purchased [51. 7. 28, 37-45].

Turner was a dealer, whose specimens often wanted exact localities.
Most of them have now been transferred to the duplicates.

Tweeddale (Arrnur, 9h Marquess of‘).
16 birds from Ceylon. Presented [66. 5. 28, 1-16].
10 birds from Guatemala, Burma, etc. Presented [76. 2. 22, 1-10].
6 specimens of Glaucidium aud Garrulax leucotis, Gecinus erythropy-
gius, new to the collection.
See also Ramsay, R. G. WARDLAW.

Tweedmouth (Lord).
954 specimens of British birds, Humming- birds, Birds of Paradise, and
Game-biıds. Presented. [1905. 11. 11, 1-954.]

U.S. National Museum.
20 speeimens of Hirundinidz from various localities in North America
Presented. [84. 7. 30, 10-29.]
119 specimens of Mniotiltide from North America. Presented. [84.
11. 21, 1-119.]
227 specimens F Fringilledz and Icteridz from North Amen Pre-
sented. [35. 2. 6,:1-227.]

502 4 oology.

The U.S. National Museum, like the Smithsonian Institution, has
always been a steadfast friend of the British Museum, and the above
eollections were sent to aid the production of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”
Upcher (H. M.).

11 birds from Buenos Aires. Presented. [97. 3. 16, 1-11.]

Mr. Upcher is a well-known Norfolk naturalist. He was one of the
early members of the British Ornithologists’ Union, and accompanied

Canon Tristram on one of his expeditions to Palestine.
Of.“ Who’s Who,” 1905, p. 1637.

Ussher (Herrgerr Tavror), 0.M.@.
See also GERRARD, E.

8 birds from Lagos. Purchased. [74. 2. 21, 27-34.]

144 birds from Lumbidan and Brunei, N.W. Borneo and Labuan
Island. Purchased. [77. 9. 27, 1-144.]

This collection contained the types of Lobiophasis castaneicaudatus,
Pitta ussheri, and Oypselus lowi, described by me in the * Proceedings’ of
the Zoological Society for 1877 and 1879.

7 birds from Sarawak and the Lawas River. Presented. [78. 5. 4,

1-7.
A birds from Lawas River and Labuan. Presented. [78. 5. 30, 1-3.]
Governor Ussher was an enthusiastic naturalist, and collected in
most of the colonies of which he was the head. When Governor of the
Gold Coast he made extensive collections in the interior, employing a
native hunter and skinner named Aubinn in the furests of Denkera.
Many new species were discovered by him, and his collections were
divided between Capt. Shelley and myself. When appointed to Labuan,
he made great exertions to discover the exact relation of the avifauna of
the island to that of the opposite coast, and sent home valuable collections,
which I described in the ‘Ibis’ for 1879.

Ussher (R. J.).
5 birds from Algeria. Presented. [1905. 4. 17, 1-5.]

Van Dam (D. C.).

15 birds from Reunion. Presented. [73. 5. 9, 9-23.]

Van Dam was the companion of Pollen on the latter’s expedition to
Madagascar. I met him in Leyden in 1873, and he gave me a few
specimens from Reunion, which he had procured on that expedition.

Vaughan (Lieut.).

7 specimens (in spirits) of Tatare vaughani, Sharpe, Bull. B.0.C.,
xi., p. 2 (1900), from Pitcairn Island. Presented. [1900. 11. 25, 1-7.]

Veitch (Harry).

77 birds from the Lawas River and Mount Kina Balu in N.W. Borneo,
as well as the Sulu Islands, colleeted by Mr. F. Burbidge. Presented.
[&3. 9. 20, 1-77.]

Mr. Burbidge was a botanical collector sent out to Borneo by the great
firm of hortieulturists., He made some good observations on the bird-life
of the country, and discovered three new species, Tanygnathus burbidgei,
Buchanga stigmatops, and Gallus stramineicollis. Uf. Sharpe, P.Z.S.,
1879, pp. 311-317; Salvad., Cat. B., xx., p. 432, pl. xi.

8 specimens from the Arfak Mts. in N.W. New Guinea, one, Oreocharis
arfaki, being new to the collection. Presented. [94. 2. 16, 1-8.]

Birds. 50

=

Verdey (Madame A.).

13 birds from Siberia, collected by Dr. Dybowski. Purchased. [75.
3. 15, 1-13.]

25 South American birds, mostly from Cayenne. Presented. [81. 2.
26, 1-25.]

Madame Verdey carried on the business of the Maison Verreaux in
Paris after the Verreaux lamily had given it up.

Verner (Col. WILLOUGEBY).

4 specimens of the Little Tern from Dungeness. Presented. [87.7.
20, 1-4.]

25 birds and 19 eggs from the Sudan. Presented. [87. 12. 22, 1-25;
88. 2. 15, 1-19.]

5 birds from Crete. Presented. [87. 12. 30, 1-5.]

Verreaux, Maison.

84 birds from Gaboen, Cape Colony and Natal. Purchased. [43. 11.
17, 1-80; 51. 2. 26, 1—4.]

164 birds from various localities. Purchased. |[51.7. 23, 7-33;
82. 8. 5, 21-26; 52. 5.12, 1445; 53. 3.7, 1-11; 84.1. 17, 1-75.

52 birds, mostly frem Gabeon. Purchased. [54. 5. 23, 1-52.

127 birds from various localities. Purchased. [55. 4. 25, 1-37;
55. 5. 29, 1-8; 55. 7. 10, 1-40; 55. 9. 4, 1-11; 56. 3. 12, 2-9, 11-13.]
Among these was the type of Myiagra modesta, Gray.

149 birds from various localities, chiefly Central and South America.
Purchased. [56. 11. 5, 1-27; 56. 12. 17, 1-5; 58. 2.4,1-48; 59. 2. 25,
1-43; 59. 2. 25, 2-17; 59. 6. 28, 5-14; 60.7. 21, 1-17; 60. 8. 24, 3-8;
62.1. 17, 8-11; 62. 2.11, 1-5; 62. 8. 26, 1-11.]

18 birds from New Caledonia, Formosa, etc. Purchased. [64. 11.30,
32-49.]

31 birds from W. Africa, Madagascar, etc. Purchased. [66. 5. 22,
1-21; 66.7. 21, 1-10.]

152 birds from various localities. Purchased. [67. 6. 18, 1-49;
69. 5. 10, 142; 70. 4. 18, 1-61.]

The Maison Verreaux’ was one of the greatest, if not the greatest,
emporium of natural histery that the world as ever seen. The three
brothers, Jules, Edouard, and Alexis were collecting in South Africa at
the time of Sir Andrew Smith’s expeditions, and they mounted the
specimens which were afterwards exhibited in London, and ultimately
became the property uf the British Museum.

The whole of the beautiful collecıion formed by the three brothers
was lost at sea, and on the return of Jules and Edouard to Paris (Alexis
having died in South Africa), the Maison Verreaux was founded. Jules
was a:terwards Curator of the Ornithological Department of the Parıs
Museum for many years, and, in his spare time, he determined and
labelled the birds in the Maison Verreaux. The specimens were often
issued without any exact indication of locality, but had attached to them
in Jules’ haudwriting a large label giving the synonymy from Bonaparte’s
*“ Conspectus,” without which book Jules never travelled. He possessed an
immense knowledge of birds, probably greater than any man of his
generation.

See DU CHAILLT, antea, p.

Victoria, Government of.

58 birds and 226 ecgs from Victoria. Presented. [1901. 5.10,
1-226 ; 1904. 4. 29, 2-59.]

504 Zoology.

Vieira (Dr. Lopez).

35 birds from Portugal. Presented. [86. 11. 20, 1-9; 86. 12. 19,
1-12; 87. 3.18, 1-14.]
Vienna, Hof. Museum.

7 birds from Austria. Presented. [72. 10. 26, 46-52.]

Villiers (Mrs. F.).

7 Weaver Finches, died in captivity. Presented. [1905. 7.11, 1-2;
1905. 7. 271-2; 1905. 8.4, 15.1905.'9. 2, 2; 1905..9. 47,33
Villiers (Col. E.).

2 specimens of the Capercailzie (Tetrao urogallus) from Aberdeen-
shire. Presented. [1905. 6. 2, 1-2.]

Vincent (Capt. B.).
A specimen of Querquedula formosa from Corea. Presented. [1904.
621,01:
Vingoe (Mr.).
See Janson, E. W.

Vorderman (Dr.).

11 birds from Java, including the type of Siphia vordermani, Sharpe,
and Turdinus lepidopleurus and Corythocichla epilepidota, new to the
collection.

Dr. Vorderman is Government Physician at Batavia, and has written
much on the Avifauna of Java. Hearinz from me that there were some
Javanese species unrepresented in tlıe Museum, he very kindly sent the
above specimens.

Waddell (Surgeon-Col. L. A.).

21 specimens from Darjiling, including the type of Garrulax waddelli.
Presented. [96. 6. 30, 1-21.]

Colonel Waddell was attached to the Tibet Mission of 1903-4, and
collected several birds. These, however, did not come to the British
Museum with the rest of the collections of the expedition, but were sold
privately.

Wakefield (Rev. Tmomas).

See SHARPE, R. BOWDLER.

Waldo.

See MEADE-WALDo.

Walker (THEoDoRE).

The groups of the Magpie, Linnet, Nightingale, Skylark, Moorhen,
and Great Crested Grebe, with the nests and eggs, from Leicestershire, for
the Exhibition Gallery. Presented. [78. 12. 31, 7-14.]

114 birds from various localities in Great Britain, mostly Sea-birds
from St. Kilda, Isleof Skye and Lincolnshire. Presented. [79. 4. 21,
1-9; 79. 12. 5, 1-8; 81. 7. 13, 1-34; 81. 10. 20, 1-34; 82. 10. 12, 1-29.]

Wallace (Dr. ALrrep Russe), F.R.S.
See WARWICK, Mr.; STEVENS, S.

27 Accipitres from Amazonia. Purchased. [73. 3. 19, 1-27.]
Dr. Wallace very kindly allowed me to have his collection of Birds of

u

EU EEE

Birds. 505

Prey for the purposes of my first volume of the “ Catalogue of Birds.”
The rest of his South American collection passed into Dr. #. D. God-
man’s possession, and has been presented by the latter gentleman to
the Museum. Dr. Wallace’s collection was described by Dr. Sclater
and Mr. Salvin (P.Z.S., 1867, p. 566).

2474 birds from the Malay Archipelago. Purchased. [73. 5. 12,
1-2474.]

This was Dr. Wallace’s celebrated collection from the Malay Peninsula
and Archipelago, Gelebes and the Molucca Islands, and New Guinea.

The following types were included: Oriniger mystacalis, U. simplex,
©. longirostris, Oyornis rufigula, Oryptolopha helianthea, Zosterops
atrifrons, Acrocephalus insularis, Gerygone palpebrosa, @. sulphurea,
@G. neglecta, G. inornata, @. superciliosa, Aethomyias spilodera, Phyllo-
scopus flavescens, Monarcha loricata, M. dichroa, Sawicola dumetorva,
Campephaga marginata, Ohrysococcey® peeilurus, Cacomantis megarhyn-
chus, Picus sondaicus, Rhipidura torrida, R. longicauda, K. hyperythra,
R. emeria, R. bouruensis, R. diluta, Pachycephala zwanthocnemis, P.
rufescens, P. mentalis, P. clio, P. brunnea, Turdus erythropterus, Oisticola
Fuscicapilla, CO. rustica, Megalurus timorensis, Butalis hypogrammica,
Cyornis rufifrons, Piezorhynchus nitens, Myiagra puella, Todopsis grayi,
Corydalla media, Pitta rubrinucha, P. erassirostris, Oypselus infumatus,
Nectarinia grayi, N. proserpina, Myzomela simplex, Nectarinia flavo-
striata, N. porphyrolema, Diczum ignifer, D. vulneratum, FPtilotis
sonorides, P. virescens, Tropidorhynchus plumigenis, T. fuscicapillus,
Prionochilus aureolimbatus, Oriolus frontalis, Pereicrocotus exul,
ogotheles wallacei, Mwyiolestes afinis, Estrelda flavidiventris, Munia
pallida, M. tristissima, Erythrura modesta, Tanysiptera acis, T. doris,
T. sabrina, T. hydrocharis, T. galatea, Halcyon nigrocyanea, (Cey&
cajeli, Halcyon rufa, Coryphilus pulchella, Trichoglossus coccinei-
Frons, Oyelopsitta blythi, Loriculus sclateri, L. flosculus, L. amabilis,
Tanygnathus afinis, T. albirostris, Elanus hypoleucus, Accipiter ery-
thrauchen, A. rubricollis, Astur equatorialis, A. muelleri, A. wallacei,
A. griseogularis, A. henicogrammus, Athene florensis, Scops sylvicola,
S. leucospila, Athene hantu, A. rufostrigata, Baza stenozona, Spizaetus
nanus, 8. gurneyi, Cuwcuma leucogaster, Eudynamis facialis, Graucalus
czruleogriseus, Calornis gularis, C. placidus, Dierurus megalornis, D.
atroceruleus, D. amboynensis, D. pectoralis, Cacatua cristatella, Treron
pulverulenta, T. floris, Ptilopus humeralis, P. celebensis, Maecropygia
batchianensis, M. macassariensis, M. mayna, Chalcophaps hombroni,
Ardea aruensis, Rallus plumbeiventris, R. tricolor, R. celebensis, Rallina
moluccana, R. rufigenis, Gallinnla frontata, Turnix rufilatus, and T.
rufescens.

See his book, * Malay Archipelago,’ 1869.

Of.“ Whu’s Who,’ 1904, p. 1583.

Walsingham (Lord), F.R.S.

106 birds from Mt. Shasta, California. Presented. [81. 12. 10,
1-106.]

12 specimens of the Wild Duck (Anas boscas), showing the moults
and various stages of plumage. Presented. [98. 12. 23, 1-10.]

The following monnted groups of British birds, with their nests and
eggs or young, have been presented by Lord Walsingham :—

Starling (Sturnus vulgaris), Norfolk.

Jay (Garrulus glandarius), with eggs, Norfolk.
Jay (Garrulus glandarius), with young, Norfolk.

506

Zoology.

Lesser Redpoll (Linota rufescens), Norfolk.
Chaflinch (Fringilla ecelebs), Norfolk.

Hawfinch (Coceothraustes eoceothraustes), Norfolk.
Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis), with young, Nortolk.
Yellow Ammer (Emberiza eitrinella), Norfolk.
Reed Bunting (Emberiza schenielus), Norlolk.
Skylark (Alauda arvensis), Norfolk.

Yellow Wagtail (Motaeilla eampestris), Norfolk.
Pied Wagtail (Motaeilla lugubris), Norlolk.
Tree-Pipit (Anthus trivialis), with young, Norfolk.
Ring-Ouzel (Turdus torquatus), Yorkshire.
Mistle-Thrush (Turdus viseivorus), Norfolk.
Dipper (Cinelus aquaticeus), Yorkshire.

Whinchat (Pratineola rubetra), Norfolk.
Stonechat (Pratineola rubieola), Norfolk.
Wheatear (Saxicola eenanthe), Norfolk.
Willow-warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus), Norfolk.
Sand-martin (Riparia riparia), Norfolk.
Whitethroat (Sylvia einerea), Norfolk.

Garden Warbler (Sylvia hortensis), Norfolk.

Sedge Warbler (Acrocephalus phragmitis), Norfolk.
Tree Creeper ((erthia familiaris), Norfolk.
Nuthateh (Sitta ezsia), Norfolk.

Spotted Flycatcher (Museicapa grisola), Norfolk.
Golden-erest (Regulus eristatus), with eggs, Norfolk.
Great Titmouse (Parus major), Norfolk.

Green Woodpecker (Geeinus viridis), Norfolk.
Greater Spotted Wovdpecker (Dendrocopus major), Norfulk.
Wryneck (Iynz torquilla), Norfolk.

Wood-pigeon (Columba palumbus), Norfolk.
Turtle-dove (Turtur turtur), Norfolk.

Little Grebe (Podieipes fluviatilis), Norfolk.
Cuckoo (Cueulus eanorus), Norfolk.
Hedge-sparrow (Tharrhaleus modularis), with young.
Nightjar (Caprimulgus europzus), Norfolk.
Long-eared Owl (Asio otus), Norfolk.
Sparrow-Hawk (Aceipiter nisus), Norfolk.

Golden Plover (Oharadrius plwvialis), Yorkshire.
Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), Yorkshire.

Snipe (Gallinago gallinago). Norfolk.

Stone-Plover ((Bdienemus @dienemus), Norfolk.
Gadwall (Chaulelasmus streperus), Norfolk.

Teal (Nettion erecca), Norfolk.

Shoveler (Spatula elypeata), Norfolk.

Tufted Duck (Fuligqula eristata), Norfolk.

Pochard (Nyroca ferina), Norfolk.

Walter (N. F.).

157 nests and eggs of British Birds. Presented. [51. 7. 7, 1-44;
51. 12.1, 6-7; 52.1. 7,1-27,, 62. 3. 20, 29-92; 52. 11. 29, 3-20
5 eggs from Spain and 35 from Cape Colony. Presented. [54. 1. 9,
1-5; 54. 10. 24, 1-35.]
Walton (Capt. H.J.) (Naturalist to the Tibet Frontier Commission).
416 birds from S. Tibet, etc., including types of several new species.
[1905. 12. 31, 1-416.]
Ward (RowLan).

12 birds from Madagascar. Purchased. [97. 11. 3, 1-12.]
8 birds from Ashanti. Presented. [99. 10. 23, 1-8.]

Birds. 507

A specimen of the Shoe-billed Stork (Balzniceps rex) from Lake
Mweru, British Central Africa. Presented. [1900. 2. 26, 1.]

Warsaw, Branicki Museum.

51 birds from Siberia and Peru, including the following species
new to the collection, Pecile brevirostris, P. obtecta, P. kamtchatkensis,
Pyrrhula cinerea, Sitta amurensis, Acrocephalus bistrigiceps, Thinocorus
orbignianus, Grallaria andicola, Fulica gigantea, Penelope rufiventris
and Vanellus resplendens. Received in exchange. [74. 5. 19, 8-57.]

Warwick ( ):

326 birds from various localities. Purchased. [30. 12. 18, 1-24;
41. 2. 302-401; 44. 6. 2, 34-44; 44. 10. 19, 1-59; 44. 11. 15, 10-35;
44. 12. 29, 2-25; 45 3. 6, 5-7.]

23 birds from South Australia and Port Natal. Purchased. [45. 3.15,
26-39; 45. 4. 5, 3-11. ]

41 birds from various localities. Purchased. [46. 1. 31, 61-67;
46. 4. 8, 8-42.]

35 birds from Java. Purchased. [46. 11. 24, 3-37.]

161 skeletons of birds and 136 eggs. Purchased. [46. 12. 4, 1-29;
482 8:8, 1397 50. 12. 28, 129; 51. 7. 5, 5-12; 51. 9. 26, 1-35;
52. 2. 20, 1-14; 52. 5. 10, 6-10; 52. 6. 4, 1-20; 52. 7. 22, 1-10;
52. 11. 22, 1-38; 52. 12. 5, 16-20; 53. 1. 18, 4-29; 53. 5.4, 20-35;
53. 7.12, 7-13, 16-17; 53. 10. 13, 1-19; 53. 10. 23, 3-14.]

222 bırds from various localities. Purchased. [49. 11. 21, 1-7;
49. 12. 4, 1-24; 50. 8. 15. 11-161; 51. 1. 24, 1-36; 50. 4. 11, 1-12;
61. 7.4, 1-2.]

93 birds from various localities. Purchased. [52. 11. 22, 40-52;
65282281, 1-15; 55. ..10..4 1-2; 55. 112 20, 1-94-57,. 3.8, 1-14
58. 1. 11, 38-77.]

Woaterstadt (Jonn).

‚See GERRARD, E.

[For descriptions of his collections sent from the Moluccas, cf. Hartert,
Nov. Zool., v., pp. 88-91 (1898); ix., pp. 537-580 (1902); x., pp. 1-17
(1905); pp. 43-64.]

Watkins and Doncaster (Messrs.).

15 birds from N. Cachar, collected by Mr. J. Inglis (q.v.). Purchased.

[81. 10. 17, 1-15.]

Watling (T.).

See pp.
Watson (J.).
50 birds from the neighbourhood of David, Chiriqui. Purchased.

[98. 10. 7, 1-19; 98. 11. 23, 1-31.]

Way (Colonel).

85 birds from N.W. India. Presented. [81. 9. 20, 1-85.]

Webb (—).

23 birds from the vicinity of Shanghai, including the type of Suthora
webbiana. Presented. [52. 3. 19, 2-24.]

Webster (F. B.) and Harris (C. M.).
713 specimens from the Webster-Harris expedition to the Galapagos
Archipelago (cf. Rothschild, Nov. Zool.). Purchased. [99.9 1,1-718.]

508 Zoology.

The Hon Walter Rothschild and Dr. Hartert have written a memoir
on this great expedition, the chief series of specimens, with the types
of the new species, beiug in Mr. Rothschiild’s collection. (Cf. Nov. Zuol.,
vi. pp. 85-205, pls. v., vi. (1549). The British Museum secured the
second set, and the following species were new to the collection:
Nesomimus macdonaldı, N. adamsi, N. personatus, N. barringtoni, N.
hulli, N. bindloei, N. bauri, Certhidea ridgwayi, CO. luteola, O. becki, C.
mentalis, C. cinerascens, ©. bifasciata, Geospiza platyrhyncha, G@. coni-
rostris, G. propinqua, @. albemarlei, G. dubia, @. fratercula, G. minor,
@G. acutirostris, @. debilirostris, @. interm-dia, @. 7 @G. barring-
toni, G. septentrionalis, G. salvini, G. townsendi, @. pauper, @. incerta,

and @. aflinis.
Weiske (Enır).

47 birds and 78 eggs from the el of British New Guinea.
Purchased. [1901. 4. 28, 1-47; 1901. 7. 4, 1-78.]

This collection contained the tes of several species described by
Professor Reichenow (Orn. M.B., ix., pp. 185-188), Eutolmaetus weiskei,
Oreopsittacus frontalis, Cacomantis weiskei. Syma weiskei(= 8. megar-
hyncha, 2; cf. Rothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., vii’., p. 149), Graucalus
cornix, Rhectes pheocephalus, Rhectes schistaceus, Ohasmostoma weiskei,
all from S. E. New Guinea, (limacteris weiskei, from N. Queensland.

The following species were new to the coll.ction: Astur melano-
chlamys, Syma megarhyncha, Rhipidura auricularis, R. fallax, Pachy-
cephala obscurior, Heteromyias armiti, Pecilodryas caniceps, P. subeyanus,
Nasiterna bruijni, Ifrita coronata, Sericornis nigrorufa, 8. perspieillata,
and Melanocharis striativentris.

Wellington, New Zealand. Colonial Museum.

80 birds from New Zealand and the Chatham Islands, including a
specimen of Apteryx haasti, new to the collection. Received in exchange.
[75. 7. 2, 1-89.]

West Australia, Government of.

98 specimens of West Australian birds. Presented. [94. 10. 26,
1-93].

This collection formed the exhibit of the Government of Western
Australia at the Colonial Exhibition held in London. The specimens
were of value to the Museum, as very few examples of birds irom this
portion of the Australian Coutinent were in the National Collection.

West Australian Museum, Perth, W.A. (Dr. BERNARD
WOODWARD, Director).

32 specimens of Aceipitres from various parts of Western Australia,
presented through Dr. Bernard H. Woodward, the Director of the W. A.
Museum. 11902. 12. 30, 1-32.]

52 birds from Western Australia, including six species new to the
collection. [1905. 1. 24, 1-52.]

Wharton (C. ByGrAvE).

25 specimens from Darjiling. Presented. [76. 2. 3, 16-40.]
3 speeimens from Öorsica. Presented. [76. 7. 26, 1-3.]

Wharton (Henry ’T.).
16 e#3s from New Zealand. Presented. [98. 7. 3, 2-17.]

Birds. 509

Whitaker (J. I. S.).

40 birds from South Tunis, including specimens of Rhodopechys alinz,
Whitaker, and Garrulus enops, Whitaker, new to the collection. Pre-
sented. [98. 10. 12, 1-40.]

3 specimens of the Sicilian Long-tailed Tit (Zgithalus siculus,
Whitaker), new to the collection. Presented. [1902. 10. 27, 1-3.]

2 specimens of the Red-necked Goatsucker (Caprimulgus ruficollis)
from Southern Spain. Presented. [1905. 11. 18, 1-2.]

Whitehead (Jonn).
See also GERRARD, E.; JANSoN, O.

69 specimens from Corsica, including the type of Sitta whiteheadi.
Presented. [84. 7. 16, 1-69.]

36 specimens from Palawan, Philippine Islands. Purchased. [89.1.
20, 1-86].

The following species were new to the collection: Prioniturus
cyaneiceps, Siphia erythacus, Xantholestes panayensis, Ptilocichla falcata,
Prionochilus johannx (ef. Sharpe, Ibis, 1890, pp. 38-61, pl. ii.)

60 specimens from N.W. Borneo and Mount Kina Balu, including an
example of Cissa@ jefferyi new to the collection. Presented. [89. 7. 1,
1-60.

a Whitehead’s wonderful collection made on Mount Kina Balu was
described by me in the ‘Ibis’ (1857, pp. 435-454, pls. xiii., xiv.; 1888,
pp- 383-396, pls. ix.-xii.; 1889, pp. 63-85, pls. ii.-iv., 135-205, pls. vii.,
viii., 265-283, pl. ix., 409-443, pls. xii., xıii; 1890, pp. 133-149, pl. iv.,
273-292, pl. vüii.).. 5 new genera and 42 new species were described in
the above-mentioned Memoirs.

9 birds and nests from Luzon and Negros. Presented. [96. 2. 3, 1-3;
96. 10. 31, 1-6.]

Mr. Whitehead presented the nest, with the birds, of Diczum
pygmeum, D. hematostietum and Hthopyga magnifica.

12 specimens from N.W. Luzon. Purchased. [97. 3. 10, 1-12.]
Cf. Grant, Ibis, 1894, pp. 501-522, pls. xiv., xv.

116 birds from tlıe Philippine Islands, including the types of Pithe-
cophaga jeffreyi and Batrachostomus mierorhynchus. Syrnium whiteheadi
was new Io the collection. Purchased. [97. 6. 14, 1-116.] (C/f. Grant,
Ibis, 1897, pp. 20V-250, pls. v. and vi.)

74 birds’ eegs from the Philippine Islands. Purchased. [98. 4. 11,
1-74.] (Cf. Grant and Whitehead, Ibıs, 1898, pp. 231-249, pls. v.
and vi. (C/. Whitehead, Field-notes on birds collected in the Philippine
I-lands in 1893-6, Ibis, 1899, pp. 81-111, 210-246, 381-399, 485-501.
Notice ot death, £.c. p. 642.)

Cf. Diet. Nat. Biogr., Suppl., p-

Whitehead (JEFFREY).

13 eggs from Java and Mount Kina Balu. Presented. [1905. 2. 24,
113].

Father of John Whitehead, the celebrated explorer and collector.

Whitehead Expedition, Subscribers to the.
‚See THOMASSoN, J. l.; SEEBOHM, H.

69 birds from the Philippine Islands. Presented. [97. 5. 13, 1-66 ;
97. 12.11, 1-48.] Included the types of the following species :— Muscica-
pula samarensis, M. luzonensis, Rhabdornis minor, R. inornatus, Turdus
nigrorum, T. mindorensis, Turnix whiteheadt, Carpophaga mindorensis,

510 Zoology.

Zosterornis dennistouni, Z. striatus, Z. whiteheadi, Z. pygmceus, Hypsi-
petes fugensis, Prioniturus montanus, Collocalia whiteheadi, Pyrrhula
leucogenys, Pseudotharraleus caudatus, Brachypteryx poliogyna, Scops
whiteheadi, Rhinomyias insignis, Zosterops aureiloris, Z. luzonica,
Cinnyris flayrans, OÖ. whiteheadi, C. obscurior, ZEthopyga flavipectus,
Hyloterpe albiventris, Stoparola nigrimontalis, Cettia seebohmi, Ohimar-
rhornis bicolor, l,anius validirostris, Dendrophila mesoleuca, Dieeum
luzoniense, Loxia luzonensis, Scops longicornis, Chlorura brunneiventris.

Whitely (G. M.).
Nephew of Henry Whitely. He collected in Honduras.
Of. Sclater and Salvin, P.Z.S., 1870, pp. 835-839.

Whitely (Henry).

34 birds from Senegambia and Madagascar. Purchased. [66. 1. 30,
2-24 ; 66. 5. 9,1-11.]

14 birds from Japan, collected by his son, Henry Whitely, jun. Pur-
chased. [67. 2. 21, 1-14.] (C/. Ibis, 1867, pp. 193-211, pl. üıi.).

120 birds from various localities. Purchased. [67. 5. 24, 1-14;
67.11. 30, 1-14; 68. 6. 20, 1-58; 69. 5. 12, 4-19.]

Many of these were from his son’s collections from Peru (Arequipa,
Tinta, and the Tambo Valley).

25 birds from Peru (Cosinpata, Tinta, etec.), collectted by Henry
Whitely, jun. [70. 6. 10, 1-25.]

40 birds from China and Hainan, collected by Consul Swinhoe, dupli-
cated from the Swinhoe Collection. Purchased. [72. 5. 27, 40-79.]

82 birds from various localities. Purchased. [72. 6. 1, 1-11; 72.10.
4, 47-52; 72. 11. 22, 4-11; 73.1. 10, 1-17.]

174 specimens from various localities. Purchased. [74. 4. 2, 13-25;
74. 8. 19, 1-11; 75. 3. 31, 6-14; 75. 6. 24, 9-26; 76.1.6, 1-90; 76. 2.
17, 1-22; 78. 3. 28, 1-11.]

17 specimens from Yquitos, Upper Amazonia, collected by his son,
Henry Whitely, jun. Purchased. [79. 3. 25, 1-17.]

Porzana hauxwelli was new to the collection.

57 birds from various localities. Purchased. [80. 4. 30, 1-84;
80. 10. 13, 1-23.]

Old Mr. Whitely was formerly employed in Woolwich Arsenal, and
was Curator of the Royal Artillery Institution’s Museum. He had a
Natural History Agency in Wellington Street, Woolwich.

See SCLATER, P. L.; GoDMANn, F. D.; Sauvıs, O.

Whitely (Henry), jun.

Son of the above. A most enterprising traveller and collector in
Japan and in various countries of South America. Hedied in the interior
of British Guiana, and an obituary notice of his career appears in the
‘Ibis’ for 1893 (pp. 287-288).

Whitmee (Rev. J. S.).

6 specimens of Collocalia from Samoa (in spirits). Presented.
[76. 6. 9, 1-6.]

152 birds and eggs from Samoa, Savage Island, the Ellice Islands,
Loyalty Isles, etc. Purchased. [78. 1.19, 1-14, 36-163.] (C/. Whit-
mee, Ibis, 1875, pp. 436-447; Sharpe, P.Z.S, 1878, pp. 271-274.)
Includes the type of Lalage whitmeei.

Birds. 51l

Whyte (ALEXANDER).
See GERRARD, E.; SHELLEY, Capt. G. E.

Mr. Whvte was a chemist in Ceylon, but turning his attention to
Natural History he made some interesting collections in that island. He
was for a long time Assistant to Sir Harry Johnston in Nyasa Land,
being a good botanist and an all-round collector. He has since done some
excellent work in Uganda and Liberia.

Wickham (Captain F.).
13 birds from the Chin Hills, including a male of Blyth’s Tragopan
(Tragopan blythi). Pıesented. [98. 11.1, 1-13.]

Wickham (H. A.).
A specimen of Megapodius duperreyi from the Conflict Islands,
British New Guinea. Presentred. [1904. 7. 28, 1.]

Wilday (A. GascoIGNE).
12 birds (presented) and 18 (purchased) from Hamilton Island, Corea.
[91. 4. 30, 1-12; 91. 5. 3, 1-18.]

Williams (T. B.).
10 nestlings and embryos from Canada. Presented. [1901. 7. 21,
1-10.]

Wilson (C..J.).
A specimen of the White-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) from
co. Galway. Presented. [1904. 6. 15, 1.]

Wilson (Dr. E. A.).

See ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION: “ Discovery.”

Wilson (EpwaArp).

270 birds from various localities. Presented. [46. 7. 16, 1-270.]

24 birds from Nicaragua. Presented. [47.1. 16, 1-24.]

10 specimens of Hunmming Birds. Presented. [47. 3. 18, 1-10.]

Edward Wilson was the brother of Thornas B. Wilson, who was
President of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and con-
tributed so largely to the collections of the Academy. His brother
Edward acted as his agent in Europe, and procured for America the Gould
collection of Australian birds and the great Masseua collection in Paris.
In the latter business he was helped by Dr. J. E. Gray of the British
Museum, and probably in acknowledgment of this assistance, he gave
a certain number of specimens to this Museum. Among them was the
type of Sceloglaux albifacies from New Zealand. (Cf. Witmer Stone,
Auk, xvi., pp. 166-177, 1899.)

Wilson (J. W.).
A Fire-backed Pheasant (Zophura ignita) from North Borneo. Pre-
sented. [1905. 4. 9, 1.]

Wingate (Captain A. W. S.).

184 specimens from Yun-nan, including 6 species new to the col-
lection, and the types ol Sitta yunnanensis, Lania nigriceps and Siva
wingatei. (Cf. Grant, Ibis, 1900, pp. 573-606, pl. xıi.)

512 Zovlogy.

Winton.
See DE WınTon.

Witherby (H. F.).

37 birds from the White Nile, including the type of Cksticola aridula,
Witherby, and Anthoscopus punctifrons, new to the collection. Presented.
[1901. 3. 27, 1-36 ; 1901. 12. 12, 1.]

Mr. Witherby has written several essays on the birds he has studied
in different lands. His travels have been extensive, and their scope is
best illustrated by the titles of the Memoirs he has published :—“ Forest
birds” (8vo, 1894); “Birds of S.W. Spain” (Knowledge, 1899); “On
the Birds observed in the Kola Peninsula” (Ibis, 1900, pp. 475-492);
“An ÖOmithological Expedition te the White Nile” (Ibis, 1901, pp.
237-278); “Bird-hunting on the White Nile” (8vo, 1902); “An
Ornithological Journey in Fars, S.W. Persia” (Ibis, 1903, pp. 501-571).

Withington (Dr. F.).
See SCLATER, Dr. P. L.

Wolley (Jonn).

This prince of field naturalists laid the foundation of all that splendid
method of collecting specimens of natural history, especially birds’ eogs,
which has been the distinguishing feature of the work done by British
Ornithologists since his day. A certain number of specimens obtained by
him in Scandinavia and Lapland are in the British Museum, but his
collection of eggs was bequeathed to his friend Professor Newton, who
has published a most interesting and important record of the collection in
“ Ootheca Wolleyana,” vols. i., ii.

Wood (Lieut.).

See KELLETT and W oo».

Woodford (CHArLes M.).

35 birds from the Solomon Islands. Purchased. [87. 1. 17, 1-35.]

6 species new to the collection, and the type of a new Crow, Macro-
corax woodfordi.

57 birds from the island of Guadalcanar, Solomon Archipelago. Pur-
chased. [88. 2. 7, 1-57.]

Many new species described (c/. Sharpe, P.Z.S., 1888, pp. 182-185 ;
Grant, P.Z.S., 1887): Astur shebz, Sharpe (= A. pulchellus, Ramsay; cf.
Kothschild and Hartert, Nov. Zool., xii., p. 251, 1905); A. woodfordi,
Snarpe [= A. ulbiqularis,|Gray : üd., Nov. Zool., viii., p. 379 (1901)]; 4.
holomelas, Sharpe [= 4. albigularis, var. melanot. üid., Nov. Zool., viii.,
p. 380 (1901)] ; Ninox granti, Sharpe; Nasiterna aol&, Grant; Graucalus
holopolius, Sharpe ; Kdoliisoma erythropygiale, Sharpe; Pomarea erythro-
sticta, Sharpe; Myzomela sharpei, Grant [=M. dubia, Ramsay]; Phlo-
genas solomonensis, Nyeticorax mandibularis, Grant; Ardeiralla wood-
‚Fort, Sharpe.

68 specimens from Gmuadalcanar, New Georgia, Rubiana, and Alu.
Presented. [88. 3. 9, 1-68.]

[Cf. Sharpe, P.2.S., 1888, pp. 182-185; Grant, P.Z.S., 1887, pp.
328-333, pl. xxvii.; 1888, pp. 185-204, pl. x. ; Woodford, “ A Naturalist
among the Head-Hunters ot the Solomon Islands ” (8vo, 1890).

Cf.“ Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1:68.

Birds. 513

Woodward (BERNARD), Director of the West Australian Museum,
Perth.

See WEST AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM, antea, p.

Woodward (R. B. and J. D. S.).
See GERRARD, E., antea, p.

20 specimens from Zululand. Purchased. [99. 4. 3, 1-20.]

The brothers Woodward made some important collections in the Zulu
country, described by me in the ‘Ibis’ for 1897, pp. 400-422, pl. x.,
pp- 495-517. They afterwards wrote an excellent summary of their work
with field-notes (c/. Woodward, Ibis, 1898, pp. 216-228, 517-525).

Woosnam (Capt. R. B.).
See also BAILWARD, Colonel R.C.
65 birds from the Vaal River. Purchased. [1904. 11. 19, 1-65.]

Woosnam (R. B.) and Dent (R. E.).

237 birds from the Orange Colony. Purchased. [1904. 4. 1, 1-61;
1904. 11. 18, 1-176.]

41 birds from Bechuana Land. Purchased. [1904. 6.7, 1-41].

99 birds from the Kuruman district, Cape Colony. Purchased.
[1904. 7. 23, 1-99.]

Worthen (K.).

32 specimens from Texas, California, etc. Purchased. [1900. 11. 30,
11-32.]

Worthington (A. B. Bayrry).

71 birds from Karakol, Tian Shan Mountains. Presented. [1905.
9. 14, 1-71.]

Wray (LEoNARD).

139 specimens from the State of Perak in the Malay Peninsula.
Presented. [86. 5. 11, 1-11; 86. 12. 22, 1-33; 87. 3. 20, 1-19; 88. 3.
18, 1-68; 88.9. 9, 1-8.]

Mr. Wray was the first naturalist to ascend the mountains of Perak,
and he discovered many new species, of which the types are now in the
British Museum— Artamides larutensis, Pericrocotus wrayi, P. eroceus,
Oryptolopha davisoni, Muscicapula westermanni, Trochalopterum penin-
sul, Melanoeichla peninsularis, Gampsorhynchus saturatior, Alcippe
peracensis, Minla soror, Siva sordidior, Cutia cervinierissum, Zthopyga
wrayi, Ohrysophlegma wrayi.

The collections were described by me in the ‘Proceedings’ of the
Zoolosical Society (1887, pp. 431-443, pls. xxxvil, xxxviil.; 1888
pp- 268-280, pl. xv.).

Of. * Who’s Who,’ 1905, p. 1776. ’

Wyatt (Craupe W.).

3 species new to the collection. Presented. [76. 3. 3, 1-3.]

Scotocerca inquwieta, Carpodocus sinaiticus, from the Peninsula of
Sinai, and Pachyrhamphus einnamomeus, from the Magdalena Valley,
U.S. Colombia.

Wyatt was an enthusiastic naturalist and a good artist. He visited
Palestine, Egypt and the Peninsula of Sinai, publishing the results of
his journey to the last-named place in the ‘Ibis’ for 1870 (pp. 1-18);

VOL. II. 2 L

514 Zoology.

cf. also the Ordnance Survey of Sinai, 1873. In 1870 he made a
successful expedition to the Magdalena Valley in Colombia, and brought
back a good series of birds, Synallaxis wyatti being named after him by
Dr. Sclater (ef. Ibis, 1871, pp. 113-131, 319-335, 373-384. He travelled
to all quarters of the glohe in order to procure appropriate sketches for
his pictures of scenery to illustrate the plates of the “Monograph of the
Swallows,” to which book the present writer supplied the letter-press.
His book on “ British Birds” (2 vols., 4to, 1894) was a labour of love to
him, and he took great delight in the production of the plates, all of which,
like those of the “Monograph of the Swallows,” were drawn on stone by
hinıself.
Obituary, cf. Ibis, 1901, p. 347c.

Yerbury (Col. J. W.).

103 birds and eggs from Aden. Presented. [84. 7. 19, 1-8; 85. 12.
23, 1-24; 95.5. 13, 1-58; 95. 5. 15, 1-13.]

Colonel Yerbury’s donation of Aden birds was a very valuable one, as
the Museum had not a good series of birds from that locality. He has
written an important paper on the omithology of the district (* Ibis,’
1886, pp. 11-24, pl. ii.).

Young (Capt. J. B.), R.N.

20 eggs of the Sooty Tern (Sterna fuliginosa) from Ascenscion Island.
Presented. [1904. 6. 4, 1-20.].

Zaphiro (P.).
See also MACMILLAN, W.N.

57 birds and 34 eges from Harar, Abyssinia. Purchased. [1902. 4. 8,
1-47; 1902. 11. 8, 1-44.]

Mr. Zaphiro settled at Harar and interested himself in the study of
natural history. He was employed by Mr. W. N. MacMillan to collect
ior him on the Baro and Sobat Rivers.

See MAcMILLAN, antea, p.

Zincke (Rev. BARHAM).
60 eugs from Jamaica. Presented. [44. 1. 24, 1-60.

Zoological Society of London.

An Emu (Dromzus ater) from South Australia [= D. nove hollandi,
Salvad., Cat. B., xxvii, p. 588]. Presented. [37. 7. 8, 23.]

2 specimens, one being Anas chrysophthalma [= Clangula glaueion).
Presented. [38. 1. 27, 2.]

50 skulls and skeletons of birds. Purchased. [50. 11. 22, 75-95;
51. 11. 10, 40-68.]

403 specimens, purchased at the dispersal of the Society’s Museum.
[55. 12. 19, 1—403.]

This collection contained a number of types from the voyage of the
Beagle and other early expeditions. A few of the type-specimens were
apparently missed by Mr. G. R. Gray, and found their way into other
collections, but the greater number of them passed into the British
Museum, as will be seen by the following list, compiled by Mr. Charles
Chubb.

The following types were included: Palzornis modesta (Fraser),
Lorius superbus, Fraser [= L. eyanauchen, 8. Müll. (C/. Salvad.,
Cat. B., xx., p. 36]; Zrichoglossus mitchelli, Gray ; Ohrysotis augusta
(Vig.); Pzocephalus rüppelli (Gray); Rhodovechys sanguinea (Gould);

Birds. 515

Camarhynchus psittaculus, Gould; Cactornis afinis, Gould; Spermo-
phila nigrogularis, Gould [= 8. cerulescens (Vieill.) C/. Sharpe, Cat. B.,
xil., pP. 126]; Zonotrichia canicapilla, Gould; Otocorys penecillata
(Gould); Alauda sinensis, Waterh. [= Melanocorypha mongolica (Pall.)
Cf. Sharpe, Cat. B., xiüi., p. 558]; Fringilla formosa, Gould [= Phry-
gilus gayi (Eyd. and Ger.). (Of. Sharpe, Cat. B., xii., p. 751]; Ammo-
perdiv bonhami (Fraser) ; Oreortye pietus (Douglas) ; Limnornis
rectirostris, Gould ; Limnophyes curvirostris (Gould); Odontophorus
guttatus (Gould); Paradoxornis flavirostris, Gould ; Henicornis pheni-
cura (Gould); Mierohierax erythrogenys (Vizors) ; Phegornis mitchelli
(Fıaser); Mimus »arvulus (Gould); Synallaxis brunnea, Gould
[= Siptornis sordida (Less.). (Of. Sclater, Cat. B., xv., p. 68]; Synal-
lawis rufogularis, Gould [= Siptornis anthoides (King). (Of. Sciater,
Cat. B., xv., p. 70]; Francolinus adspersus, Waterh.; Uropsila leuco-
gastra (Gould); Salpornis spilonotus (Frankl.); Brachyotus galapagoen-
sis, Gould [= Asio aceipitimus (Pall.). C/f. Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 234];
Caprimulgus parvulus, Gould ; Synallaxis major, Gould [= Anumbius
acuticaudatus (Less.). (f. Sclater, Cat. B., xv., p. 75]; Pyrocephalus
dubius, Gould [= P. nanus, Gould. (f. Sclater, Cat. B., xiv., p. 214];
Buteo galapagensis, Gould; B. ventralis, Gould [= B. boreulis (Gm.).
Of. Sharpe, Cat. B., i.,p. 188]; Mimus melanotis (Gould) ; M. trifasciatus
(Gould); Agriornis leucura, Gould [=4. maritima (d’Orb. et Lafr.)
(Of. Sclater, Cat. B., xiv., p. 6]; A. microptera, Gould [=4. striata,
Gould. (/f. Selater, £.e., p. 5]; Circus megaspilus. Gould [= (©. maculosus
(Vieill.) (f. Sharpe, Cat. B., i., p- 62]; Nyctala richardsoni, Bp. | = N.
tengmalmi (Gm.). (f. Sharpe, Cat. B., ii., p. 284]; Palzornis modesta,
Fraser; Gauropicoides raflesi (Visors); Treron crassirostris, Fraser ;
Ptilinopus chalcurus, Gray[=P. coralensis, Peale. (/f. Salvad., Cat. B.,
xxi., p. 104]; Picus modestus, Vig. [= Microstietus funebris (Valenc.)
Of. Hareitt, Cat. B., xviii., p. 492]; Lyncornis macrotis (Vig.); Syrnium
rufipes (King) ; Coceyzus ferrugineus, Gould ; Glaueidium nanum (King) ;
Actinodura egertoni, Gould; Nesoceleus fernandin® (Vie.); Pyro-
cephalus obscurus, Gould; Cactornis inornata, Gould. [55. 12. 19,
1-403].

259 birds from various localities. Purchased. [57. 8. 4, 1-12; 57.
11. 4, 1-52; 58. 4. 3, 1-160; 59. 6. 7, 1-10; 64. 12. 26, 1-8; 67.7. 22,
1-8; 67.12.12, 1-4; 71.1. 14, 1-2; 71. 3. 20, 1-3.]

The type of Lophophorus selateri. Purchased. [71.12.1,1.]

54 specimens of Parrots. Purchased. [91. 4. 1, 1-54.]

The type ot Zorius tibialis was included.

50 egas of birds, laid in the Gardens. Purchased. [91. 6. 22, 1-50.].

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