1
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
AND
PROCEEDINGS
OK THE
ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
OF THE
ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES
OF
PHILADELPHIA.
VOLUME XXX, 1919
PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Kditor.
E. T. CRESSON, JR., Associate Editor.
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JANUARY, 1919.
ENTOMOLOGIUAL NEWS
Vol. XXX.
No. 1.
Thaddeus William Hams
1795-1856.
PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Editor.
E. T. CRESSON, JR., Associate Editor.
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JAN <J]9J9
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ENT. NEWS, Vol. XXX.
Plate I.
LACHNIDS-WILSON.
A, ESSIGELLA CALIFORNICA ; B, E. PINI ; C, UNILACHNUS PARVUS.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NliWS
AND
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VOL. XXX.
JANUARY, 1919.
No. i.
CONTENTS:
Wilson— Three new Lachnidswith Com-
parative Notes on three others
( Hoinop.) i
Malloch — On an Undescrihed Species
Medeterus (Dipt., Dolichopodidae) 7
Howe — The Odonata of Concord, Mas-
sachusetts 10
Schwarz— On the Early Stages of Cato-
cala titania Dodge, and a Descrip-
tion of Three new Varieties of Cato-
cala (Lep.) 14
Cockerel I — A new Genus of Bees from
Peru ( H ym. ) 17
Alexander — Notes on the Genus Dicra-
noptycha Osten Sacken (Tipulidae,
Diptera) 19
Cockerell— C ordulegaster dorsalis
( Odonata ) as an Enemy of Trout ... 22
Editorial — The News for 1919 23
Cockerell — Bittacomorpha c 1 a v i p e s
(Dipt.) 23
Becker — A One Year Life Cycle for Sap-
erda Candida Fab. Reared in an
e (Co!, i 24
Botanical Abstracts 25
Malloch— The Larval Habitat of Clial-
comyia aerea Loew. (Diptera, Syr-
phidae ) 25
Fall— A Change of Xanu-s < Coleoptera ) 26
Howard — Note on the Yinegarone
( Arach , Pedip:ilpi ) 26
WeNs and Xicolay -Kmnerus strigatus
Fall, the Lunate Onion Fly, in New
Jersey ( Dip. ) 27
Ferris— A Remarkable Case of Longev-
ity in Insects < Hem., Horn.) 27
Entomological Literature 29
Three new Lachnids with Comparative Notes on
three others (Homop.).
By H. F. WILSON, University of \Visconsin.*
(Plates I and II.)
Essigella californica (Essig). (Plate I, A, figs. !-(">.)
Description made from specimens collected on Pseudotsnga
douglassi at Corvallis, and on Pinus poudcrosa.' at < irant s I '
Oregon, and from specimens sent to me by K. < >. Kssi^. 1mm
California. They occur on the needles and are hidden by the
sheath so that close observation is necessary to find them.
Apterous ririHirotis female. General color, a palo yellowish gr<
to brownish yellow with a row of small In-own dots on i-r.ch
•ncnt. A short sharp spine arises from each spot. Antenna'- an.! '
dusky brown. The body is elongate with the head and thorax •
rangular and the abdomen ovoid and ending in a sharp pointed cau
The antennae are five-segmented and reach almost to thr
of coxae. The third segment usually does not h:iv<
*The drawings used in this paper were ma i
Nehrlich Pickett, since deceased.
l/i
JAN
2 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS . [Jan., '19
some specimens one or two may be present. The fourth segment has
one large, and the fifth one large and several small sensoria. The
rostrum reaches slightly beyond the third pair of coxae and has a very
distinctive structure. Plate I, A, fig. 6. The third and fourth segments
are quadrangular, while the fifth is but a small half moon-shaped piece
closely attached to the fourth segment. The nectaries have a very
small, narrow, cone-shaped base. The cauda is triangular and ends in
a nipple-like projection. The legs and front part of the head are set
with prominent long spline-like hairs. Length of body 2.2 mm.
Alatc viviparous female. General color the same as in the apterous
forms, except that the thoracic shield is deep brown and the head and
prothorax are dusky brown. The body is elongate and slender, and
the general shape and size of the antennae, beak, abdomen, nectaries
and cauda are like those of the apterous forms, except the antennal
sensoria on the third segment and the legs, which are longer and more
slender in this form. The third antennal segment has two or three
large circular sensoria, usually widely separated. The wings are long
and slender, with the median vein once forked. The base of the fork
is very indistinct and in some specimens cannot be distinguished. Each
branch becomes more distinct towards the distal part.
Measurements. Length of body, 2.5 mm. Length of antennal seg-
ments, III, 0.187 mm.; IV, o.i mm.; V, 0.145 mm.; total length, 0.62
mm. Length of wing, 2.78 mm. Length of hind tibia, 1.34 mm.; hind
tarsus, o.i mm. and 0.187 mm. Length of beak, 0.92 mm.
Essigella pini new species. (Plate I, B, figs. 1-6).
Description made from specimens collected on Finns vir-
g'mlana, by W. L. McAtee, at Plummers Island. Maryland,
June 27 and 28, 1914. This species resembles very closely
Essigella californica Essig, described from California, but
several distinct differences are easily found. The main dif-
ference is found in the length and shape of the hind tibiae and
the wings. The hind tibiae of E. pini are short and stout while
those of £. californica are longer and slender. The wing of
the former species normally has but a simple median vein,
while the latter has normally two or more or less connected
branches. Specimens in balsam. Types in writer's collection.
Apterous viviparous female. .General color a light yellowish green,
with a series of rows of small brown spots on the abdomen. The fore
part of the body is quadrangular, while the abdomen tapers to a point.
The antennae are five-segmented and of a peculiar shape, as shown in
the accompanying drawing. The rostrum of this species and of H.
californica are also quite distinct and are unlike that of any other
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 3
known species. The nectaries are small and without the large cone-
shaped base found in most species of Lachnids. Length of body, 1.5 mm.
Alatc viviparous female. The antennae are five-segmented, as shown
in Plate I, B, fig. 6. General color, yellowish green, the thorax being
brownish (?). The abdomen is marked with a series of brown spots
which occur in longitudinal rows. The antennae are short and have
five segments; distal half of the third and the fourth and fifth seg-
ments brown. The fifth segment is longer than the fourth, and the
fourth and fifth together are slightly longer than the third; third seg-
ment with three and sometimes four roundish sensoria ; fourth with
one large one at the distal end, and the fifth with one large and several
small ones near the tip. The head is set with coarse spines, six of
which are set in front. Similar spines are found on the body. The
antennae have a few inconspicuous spines widely set apart. The legs
are distinctly spiny, but not as much so as in Essigella calif oniica. The
rostrum is short with the third and fourth segments quadrangular and
the terminal segment half moon-shaped and not acutely pointed as in
other species of Lacluiiuac. Wings long and narrow, front wing
usually with the median vein simple. The tibiae are short and rather
stout, while in E. calif oniica they are longer and more slender. The
nectaries are but openings with thickened edges. The cauda is angu-
lar with the tip elongated into a sharp nipple-like projection.
Measurements. Length of body, 1.55 mm. Length of antennal seg-
ments, III, 0.21 mm.; IV, o.i mm.; V, 0.145 mm. Total length, 0.6 mm.
Length of wing, 2.33 mm.; width, 0.9 mm. Length of beak, 0.64 mm.
Length of hind tibia, 0.85 mm.; hind tarsus, o.i mm. and 0.145 mm.
Eulachnus thunbergii new species. (Plate II, D, figs. 1-8.)
Descriptions made from one male and six oviparous females
mounted on slides in balsam. This material was secured for
study through the kindness of Dr. L. O. Howard and Mr. A.
C. Baker, of the United States Bureau of Entomology.
Original notes made by Mr. Theo. Pergande are as follows,
"Pergande ace. 12127." "March, 1906. Received from Dr.
T. S. Kuwana, of the Imperial Agricultural Experiment Sta-
tion, Hishigahara, Tokio. Japan, alcoholic specimens of a
Lachnid, marked 267, with the following note: On the twigs
of Sciadof>\tis irrticillnta and Pinns t1iunber<ii> P:irl. Tabata.
Tokio, Nov. 25, 1905, winged form ; II, head and antennae
black, eyes red, Prothorax dark yellowish green, dorsal aspect
of meso-metathorax, black; abdomen yellowish green. Ilmuv
tubes black; wingless form II, body yellowish green, long and
narrow; head black; eyes reddish purple. Antennae dark yel-
4 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '19
low, but the tips black ; honey tubes black. Mounted them in
balsam. This appears to be a new species, near L. agilis Kal-
tenbach."
I have not seen specimens of Eulachnus agilis Kaltenbach
which may or may not be the same as Eulachnus rileyi Wil-
liams, but I find this species to be distinctly different from Wil-
liams' species. Types in U. S. Bureau of Entomology collec-
tion.
The main differences are shown in the following comparisons
between the two.
Oviparous Female Eulachnus rileyi Eulachnus thutibcrgii
Hairs Coarse, spinelike Fine, semi-setaceous
Antenna 1.22 mm. long 1.02 mm. long
Hind Tibia 1.78 mm. long i.n mm. long
Alate male Eulachnus rileyi Eulachnus thunbcrgii
Antenna 2 mm. long 1.53 mm. long
Hind Tibia 2.05 mm. long 1.33 mm. long
S e n s o r i a Numerous, small Numerous, larger
than in E. rileyi
Apterous oviparous female. Specimens in balsam appear to have
about the same color and characteristics as E. rileyi? Color grayish
brown. Antennae and legs dusky brown. Body elongate and furnished
with long semi-spinelike hairs. Similar hairs occur on the antennae
and legs. Beak short and extending to the hind coxae. The last seg-
ment is a narrow black piece without length and is hardly separated
from the preceding segment. Antennae reaching slightly beyond the
base of the hind coxae. Third antennal segment approximately as long
as the fourth and fifth. The fifth slightly longer than fourth or sixth,
the latter two being about equal. The fourth and fifth segments each
bear a single sensorium near the distal end. Cornicles with the base
hardly more than a millimeter in depth. Cauda short and broadly
rounded. Hind tibia somewhat stout and with numerous small sen-
soria along the basal two-thirds.
Measurements. Length of body, 2.34 mm. Length of antennal seg-
ments, III, 0.378 mm.; TV, 0.16 mm.; V, 0.2 mm.; VI, 0.16 mm. Total
length, 1.53 mm. Length of hind tibia, i.ii mm.
Alate Male. General color, head and thorax black. Antennae and
legs, except the middle parts of the first and second tibiae, deep brown.
Genital plates dusky black. Cauda light colored. Hairs on antennae,
legs and body as in the apterous forms. Body long and slender, an-
tennae reaching beyond the hind coxae.
Vol. XXX] ENTM.MoLor.ICAI. NF.YVS 5
Antennae coarse and with numerous circular sensoria of irregular
size. The fourth and fifth segments are about equal in length and are
shorter than the third and longer than the sixth.
Nectaries as in the apterous forms. \Yings long and narrow with
median vein having but a single fork. Angle between branches wider
and shorter than in Eitlacliiius ri/e\i.
Mesurements. Length of body a little more than 2 mm. Length of
antennal segments not definite because of a deformity in the only
available specimen. Ill, 0.56 mm.; IV, 0.34 mm.; V, 0.34 mm.; VI,
0.26 mm. Length of hind tibia, 1.33 mm.
Eulachnus rileyi Williams. (Plate II, E, figs. 1-6.)
Description made from specimens sent to me by J. J. Davis,
and from specimens collected at St. Louis, Missouri ; Chicago,
Illinois, and Madison, Wisconsin.
. Iptcrons viviparous female. General color, orange brown to green-
ish black; the color is caused to vary more or less by a grayish pul-
verulence covering the body. \Yhen placed in balsam four rows of
black spots are visible on the body, and from each one there arises a
long spine-like hair. Antennae light at the base and shading to black
at the tip. Antennae long and slender and quite spiny. The third
segment is not quite as long as four and five together, segments four
and six approximately equal. The rostrum is short, not quite reaching
the hind coxae. The nectaries are small with a narrow cone-shaped
base. Entire body covered with long spine-like hairs.
Length of body, 2.4 mm. Length of antennal segments, III, 0.45
mm.; IV, 0.24 mm.; V. 0.31 mm.; VI, 0.24 mm. Total length, 1.4 mm.
Length of hind tibia, 1.6 mm.; hind tarsi, 0.12 mmm. and .22 mm.
Alatc viviparous female. General color dark green or brown, cov-
ered with white waxy powder or threads. When mounted in balsam
the head and thorax are brownish and the abdomen greenish brown.
Antennae and hind pair of legs black, the tibia of the front pair of legs
light colored except at the ends of the segment. Antennae long and
slender and set with long black spine-like hairs. The third segment
without sensoria, fourth and fifth with one each. Other characters
as in apterous form.
Measurements. Length of body 2 mm. Length of antennal seg-
ments, III, 0.44 mm.; IV, 0.25 mm.; V, 0.26 mm.; VI, o.i<> nun. Total
length, 1.3 mm. Length of hind tibia, 1.6 mm. Length of hind tarsus,
0.12 mm. and .22 mm.
UNILACHNUS new genus.
The characters upon which this <jcnus is based are the un-
branched median vein and blunt terminal segment «\ the n>s
6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '19
trum. In the true genus Lachmts the terminal segment is long
and tapering.
Type of genus LacJmits pamis Wilson.
Unilachnus parvus (Wilson). (Plate I, C, figs. 1-5).
This species is included in this paper to illustrate the genus
and also to show the distinction between this and other species
which have a simple or once forked median vein. A complete
description will be found in Volume 41 of the Transactions of
the American Entomological Society, 1915, p. 104. It occurs
on the needles of Pinus rirginiona and P. rigida and the type
locality is the District of Columbia.
Alatc viviparous female. Body elongate and slender, antennae and
legs medium slender and thickly covered with long slender hairs. An-
tennae reaching to the third pair of coxae and the beak reaching to
the second pair ; beak broad and blunt at the tip. The third antennal
segment bears about eight small sensoria, the fourth two and the fifth
a single large one near the distal end ; sixth with the usual large one
near the base of the antennal spur. Wings hyaline and the median
vein but a very indistinct single piece as indicated in the accompany-
ing figure. Nectaries small and more or less bell-shaped. The opening
rather large for the base. Cauda bluntly angled.
Measurements. Length of body, 1.48 mm.; width, 0.6 mm. Length
of antennal segments, III, 0.32 mm.; IV, 0.154 mm.; V, 0.176 mm.;
VI, 0.154 mm. Length of wing, 2.5 mm. Length of hind tibia, 0.92
mm. Length of hind tarsus, 0.066 mm. and 0.3 mm. Length of beak,
0.49 mm.
Lachnus juniperivora new species. (Plate II, F, figs. 1-5.)
From material collected by W. L. McAtee on Plummers Island,
Maryland, July 5, 1914, on Juniperini&s virginiana. Types in
writer's collection.
Alate viviparous female. Specimens in balsam show no distinct
coloration of antennae and legs, these parts appearing to be light dusky
throughout. Third antennal segment approximately equal in length
to the fourth and fifth segments, fourth segment shorter than the fifth,
fifth and sixth about equal. Third segment with about six round sen-
soria of irregular size and not in alignment ; fourth segment with two
and fifth with two. Beak extending to the tip of the abdomen. The
antennae are quite distinct from those of the other species in this
genus and the nectaries are much broader at the base than those of
Lachnus tomcntosus. The wing venation is shown in Plate IT, F,
fig. i. Nectaries with a wide sloping base. Cauda rounded, anal plate
ENT. NEWS, Vol. XXX.
Plate II.
LACHNIDS-WILSON.
D, EULACHNUSTHUNBERGII; E, EU. RILEYI; F, LACHNUS JUNIPERIVORA.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 7
angular. Antennae, legs and body with a moderate number of short
medium hairs.
Measurements. Length of body, 1.8 mm. Length of antennal seg-
ments, III, 0.37 mm.; IV, 0.166 mm.; V, 0.187 mm.; VI, 0.187 mm-
Total length, 1.02 mm. Beak, III, 0.21 mm.; IV, 6.21 mm.; V, 0.07 mm.
Total length, 1.82 mm. Length of hind tibia, 1.36 mm.; hind tarsus,
0.083 mm. and 0.21 mm.
EXPLANATION OF PLATES I AND II.
PLATE I. — A. Essigella calif arnica, alate viviparous female ; i.
wings; 2. cornicle; 3. head; 4. hind leg; 5. antenna; 6. rostrum.
B. Essigella pini, n. sp., alate viviparous female; I, wings; 2. cor-
nicle ; 3. head ; 4. hind leg ; 5. rostrum ; 6. antenna.
C. Unilachnus parnis, alate viviparous female; I. wings; 2. cor-
nicle ; 3. rostrum ; 4. antenna ; 5. hind leg.
PLATE II. — D. Eulachnus tlntnbcr<iii. n. sp., I. wing of male;
2. antenna of male; 3. head of male; 4. head of oviparous female;
5. leg of oviparous female ; 6. antenna of oviparous female ; 7. rostrum
of male; 8. cornicle.
E. Eulachnus rilcyi, alate viviparous female; i. wings; 2. cornicle;
3. rostrum ; 4. head ; 5. hind leg ; 6. antenna.
F. Larhnus junipcrirora, n. sp., alate viviparous female; I. wings;
2. cornicle ; 3. rostrum ; 4. antenna ; 5. hind leg.
On an Undescribed Species of Medeterus (Diptera,
Dolichopodidae) .
J. R. MALLOCH, Urbana, Illinois.
In the June number of Entomological News for 1918
(p. 216) Mr. W. Marchand described the larva and pupa
of Arg\ra albicans Loew, at the same time making some
pertinent comments on the paucity of our knowledge of
the life-history of the members of this family, and a sug-
gestion that the "cyclorrhaphous" form of opening in the
evacuated cocoon might indicate evolutionary relationships.
Unfortunately the latter contention cannot be maintained by
an examination of the facts. The cyclorrhaphous exit is
produced by orthorrhaphous insects through a turning move-
ment of the body, causing a cutting off of the cap of the
cocoon through the abrasion by the sharp cephalic thorns of
the material composing the cocoon. In Cyclorrhapha the
ecdysis is facilitated by the expansion of the ptilinum on the
8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., ' Kj
head of the enclosed imago, which presses against the cephalic
extremity of the puparium, causing a rupture to take place
along lines, or pseudosutures. previously existent. As a mat-
ter of fact the similarity between the cap-like lid left on
the empty cocoon of species in Orthorrhapha and that of
the other suborder on the puparium, which is merely the
larval skin, is more imaginary than real, as the cap in the
latter consists of at least 2, and often 4, distinct pieces. The
cocoon of Orthorrhapha and the puparium of Cyclorrhapha
are not identical in character, the former having no physio-
logical relation to the insect, and to show evolutionary rela-
tionships it is essential that the same physiological features
be compared.
In this paper I describe a new species of the genus Medeter-
us. Unfortunately no larvae were preserved as the specimens
were merely side-products of another experiment. I have
already recorded the fact that the imagines of one species at
least of this genus in North America are predaceous. The
larvae have the same habit.
Medeterus caerulescens sp. n.
$ and 9. — Metallic blue; frons, center of face, thorax and abdo-
men distinctly gray pruinescent. Antennae, palpi and proboscis black.
Face deep blue, becoming violet-colored below antennae. Dorsum of
thorax not distinctly vittate, the pruinescence most distinct in center
anteriorly; pleura brighter blue than dorsum, especially below. Abdo-
men with a blue-green tinge; processes of hypopygium yellowish. Legs
black, extreme apices of femora and bases of tibiae and basal half of
midmetatarsus yellow. Wings clear, veins black, paler at bases. Post-
ocular cilia white ; bristle above fore coxa black ; tegular cilia black.
Halteres yellow.
$ .—Third antennal joint higher than long, with a slight indentation at
insertion of arista, the latter very long, almost bare; face of equal
width on its entire length ; palpi with a few hairs. Dorsum of thorax
with 2 rows of acrostichals on anterior half; scutellum with 2 strong
apical and 2 weaker sub-basal bristles; propleural bristle short. Hypo-
pygium long, reaching almost to base of venter, the processes slender.
Fore tibia without bristles ; mid tibia with the usual 2 bristles ; basal
joint of mid-tarsus nearly as long as joints 2 to 5 combined, the entire
tarsus slightly longer than tibia ; hind tibia rather thick, with weak
hairs, which are most distinct on apical half of posterior surface, no
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL N'F.WS 9
bristles present; basal joint of hind tarsus slightly over one-half as
long as second, the latter about as long as joints 3 to 5 combined, the
entire tarsus slightly longer than the tibia. Veins 3 and 4 convergent
apically; outer cross-vein at about 1.5 its own length from apex of filtii
vein.
9. — Similar to the male in chaetotaxy; genitalia very slender.
Length, 2.5 to 3 mm.
Type and allotype, White Heath, Illinois. April 19, 1918;
larvae under bark of fallen cottonwood tree ; imagines emerged
April 26, 1918.
Closely resembles maurus Wheeler, but has black tegular
cilia and differs in other respects.
The larva makes a cocoon similar to that of Drapctis but
not so tough. The pupa is white, distinctly shining, with th/
cephalic thorns dark brown. The following notes indicate
distinctions between this species and Argyra albicans Loew
as described by Marchand.
The thoracic respiratory organs are more slender, the ce-
phalic thorns are closely contiguous, with 2 long hairs at their
bases above and 2 slight elevations ventrad of them, on each
of which there is a long hair. The two protuberances re-
ferred to as converging bristles above the mouth-parts by
Marchand are the apices of what I take to be the aristae,
which are straight in Medctcrus, the remainder of the an-
tennae being clearly traceable to the bases of the cephalic
tubercles. The wing-pads are longer in Mcdcterus than shown
by Marchand, extending to base of third segment of abdo-
men ; the position of the legs is similar in both species. The
abdomen differs from that of albicans in having a series of
long, sharply pointed, dense, appressed bristles on apices of
segments i to 8 inclusive. In other respects the specit -.
similar, except that cacrulescens is only 3 mm. in length.
Imagines of Medeterus are nearly always found on tin-
trunks of trees or on exposed vertical surfaces close to in
while those of Argyra are found either on low vegi or
on bare sand close to streams. Both genera are common to
Europe and North America.
IO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS a"-. 19
The Odonata of Concord, Massachusetts.
By R. HEEER HOWE, JR., Concord, Mass.
In Thoreau's "Summer" the following entries comprise the
first records of dragon-flies for the township of Concord:
"June 6, 1852. — First devil's needles in the air, and some
bright green ones on flowers." "June 6, 1854. — I see some
devil's needles, a brilliant green with white or black, or open
work and black wings [Libellula?] , some with clear black
wings [A. inaculatum ?] some with white bodies and black
wings, etc." [P. lydia?]. "June 10, 1857. — Many creatures,
devil's needles, etc., cast their sloughs now." "June 14, 1853.
p. m. To White's Pond — Large devil's needles [Basiaeschna?]
are buzzing back and forth. They skim along the edge of
the blue flags, apparently quite around this cove or further,
like Hen Harries beating the bush for game." The first spe-
cific species recorded from Concord was Celithemis elisa listed
by Dr. P. P. Calvert in Occasional Papers, Boston Society
of Natural History, VII. Fauna of New England, 41, 1905,
based on a specimen in the Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia. The first list of local dragon flies was pub-
lished by Edward L. Peirson, Jr., in the Proceedings of the
Thoreau Museum of Natural History I 41, 1915, and numbered
twelve species. The second, and a preliminary list was pub-
lished by R. Heber Howe, Jr., in Psyche 23:12-15, 1916. This
list contained fifty-two species. In a Manual of New England
Odonata Memoir II, Part I, II & III March I9i;-August
1917, July, 1918, 1-32, Thoreau Museum of Natural History,
various Concord records appeared. The present list, probably
nearly complete, numbers eighty-seven species. A complete
collection of specimens on which these records are based is to
be found in the Thoreau Museum of Natural History, Con-
cord.
ZYGOPTERA.
AGRIONIDAE.
Agrion aequabile (Say). Uncommon; Spencer brook, May 29 to
June 24.
Agrion maculatum Beauv. Common; Spencer brook, Fairyland, May
20 to August 2f>.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
II
COENAGRIONIDAE.
Lestes congener Hagen. Uncommon; Willow pond (Carlisle) and
adjacent ponds, August 19 to October 9.
Lestes disjunctus Selys. Rare; Willow pond region, August 14 to
September 18.
Lestes eurinus Say. Rare; upper Spencer brook valley. Flaxdam
pond (Wayland), June 5 to July 20.
Lestes forcipatus Ramb. Rather uncommon; Willow pond region,
August 13 to September 7.
Lestes rectangularis Say. Uncommon; June 21 to September 18.
Lestes uncatus Kirby. Commor ; John Brown farm ponds, May
30 to June 27.
Lestes unguiculatus Hagen. Ver> common; ponds, brooks, etc.,
August 9 to September 5.
Lestes vigilax Hagen. Rather uncommon; Bateman's, Willow
pond region, Sudbury river, August 5 to September 5.
Argia moesta (Hagen). Rare; Walden pond, June 16 to August 20.
Argia violacea (Hagen). Common; Fairhaven bay, Willow,
Bateman's, Walden ponds, May to September 10.
Argia sedula (Hagen). Two tenerals taken on June 24, 1916, were
of doubtful determination by Mr. E. B. Williamson.
Enallagma aspersum (Hagen). Rare; Willow, Bateman's, Goose
ponds, August 13 to September 5.
Enallagma calverti Morse. Not uncommon; Fairhaven bay, Goose
ponds, Spencer brook, May 19 to June 15.
Enallagma civile (Hagen). Common; river and ponds, May to
September 10.
Enallagma ebrium (Hagen). Common; Fairyland, Willow, Bate-
man's ponds, May 26 to August 30.
Enallagma geminatum Kell. Common; Bateman's pond, July 20
to October 2. Taken by Mr. L. W. Swett in Bedford.
Enallagma hageni (Walsh). Rare; Spencer brook, June 8. Taken
by Mr. L. W. Swett in Bedford.
Enallagma laterale Morse. Common; Bateman's pond, May to
July 7.
Enallagma divagans Selys. Rare; Walden pond, June 19. Taken
by Mr. Swett in Bedford.
Enallagma pollutum (Hagen). Common; Bateman's pond, June
23 to September 10. Taken by Mr. Swett in Bedford.
Enallagma signatum (Hagen). Common; Concord river, Bate-
man's pond, May 26 to September 5.
Enallagma traviatum Selys. Rather rare; Bateman's pond, August
1 to 20.
Nehalennia irene (Hagen). Rare; Willow, Strawberry Hill. \Val-
den ponds, June 8 to September 7.
12 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '19
Chromagrion conditum (Hagen). Uncommon; Fairyland, Bate-
man's, Walden ponds, June 4 to 23.
Ischnura posita (Hagen). Very rare; June 16 to September 3.
Ischnura verticalis (Say). Common; Willow and Goose ponds, May
29 to October 9.
Anomalagrion hastatum (Say). Rare; Goose, Strawberry Hill and
Willow ponds, August 13 to 19.
ANISOPTERA.
AESHNIDAE.
Cordulegaster diastatops (Selys). Uncommon; Bateman's, John
Brown farm brooks, May 28 to June 18.
Cordulegaster maculatus Selys. Uncommon; Spencer, John Brown
farm brook, June 8 to 28.
Hagenius brevistylus Selys. Rare; Walden, Bateman's, Willow
ponds, August 16 to September 3.
Ophiogomphus aspersus Morse. Rare; Bateman's pond, Spencer
brook, May 26 to June 11.
Gomphus borealis Needh. One female, Bateman's pond, May,
1915, collected by Peirson.
Gomphus exilis Selys. Common; Bateman's, Walden ponds, Spen-
cer brook, May 30 to August 8.
Gomphus spicatus Hagen. Common; Bateman's, Walden ponds,
May 13 to June 23.
Gomphus spiniceps (Walsh). One specimen recorded by Peirson.
Gomphus furcifer Hagen. Rare; Strawberry Hill pond, June 9 to
11. Taken by Dr. N. Banks at Lexington, June, 1917.
Dromogomphus spinosus Selys. Uncommon; Bateman's, Willow
ponds, July to September 8.
Boyeria vinosa (Say). Uncommon; Spencer brook, John Brown
farm brook, August 23 to September 15.
Basiaeschna Janata (Say). Common; Spencer brook, Bateman's,
Walden ponds, May 17 to June 24.
Gomphaeschna furcillata (Say). Rare; Bateman's pond, June 7-8.
Recorded by Peirson in May.
Anax junius (Drury). Common; Goose, John Brown farm, Bate-
man's, Willow ponds, May 18 to September 19.
Aeshna canadensis Walk. Common; Bateman's, Willow ponds,
August 8 to September 27.
Aeshna clepsydra Say. Common; Concord river, Willow pond,
August 19 to October 9.
Aeshna constricta Say. Uncommon; Willow, Bateman's ponds,
August 19 to September 26.
Aeshna eremita Scud. Concord, October 1.
Aeshna tuberculifera Walk. Rare; Strawberry Hill pond. August
1] to September 6.
Vol. XXX ] KNTO.MllLOCK \l. NKWS I ^
Aeshna umbrosa Walk. Common; August 15 to October 20.
Aeshna verticalis Hagen. Common; August 15 to October 2.
Epiaeschna heros (Fabr.). Rare; Bateman's pond. June 7. Re-
corded by Peirson in May.
LlBELLULIDAE.
Didymops transversa (Say). Common; Bateman's, Willow, Wai-
den ponds, May 17 to June 23.
Epicordulia princeps (Hagen). Common; Bateman's pond, May
25 to August 29.
Helocordulia uhleri (Selys). Rare; Willow, Bateman's pond, Spen-
cer brook, May 17 to June 18.
Tetragoneuria cynosura (Say). Abundant; May 3 to June 20.
Tetragoneuria cynosura var. simulans Mutt. Uncommon; Bate-
man's pond, May 28 to June 23.
Tetragoneuria morio Mutt. Rare; Bateman's pond, May 20 to 29.
Tetragoneuria spinigera Selys. Uncommon; Bateman's pond, May
19 to June 18.
Dorocordulia libera (Selys). Rare; Bateman's pond, June 8-9.
Dorocordulia lepida (Hagen). Rare; Bateman's pond, August 9
to 13.
Williamsonia lintneri (Hagen). Rare; Bateman's and Willow
pond. May 16 to June 1. Recorded by Peirson.
Cordulia shurtleffi Scud. Rare; Bateman's pond, June 9-27, and
Flaxdam pond, Wayland.
Somatochlora kennedyi E. M. Walker. Common; Bateman's pond,
upper Spencer brook, June ?> to 24.
Somatochlora tenebrosa (Say). Rare; Bateman's pond, Septem-
ber 8.
Somatochlora walshii (Scudder). Rare; a male found floating on
the Assabet River on September 15, 1918, by H. M. I\ yes.
Libellula cyanea Fabr. Uncommon; Willow and Bateman's pond,
June 4 to September 4.
Libellula exusta (Say). Common; May 19 to July.
Libellula flavida Ramb. Rare; Fairyland, August 14.
Libellula incesta Hagen. Abundant; June G to September 17.
Libellula luctuosa Burm. Common; Bateman's, Fairyland ponds.
June 16 to August 19.
Libellula pulchella Drury. Abundant; June fi to Septen
Libellula quadrimaculata I. inn. Common; Walden, Goose. Bate-
man's, Strawberry Hill ponds, May 19 to August 19,
Libellula semifasciata Burm. Rare; John Brown farm. Strawberry
Hill pond, June 9 to August 22.
Plathemis lydia (Drury). Common: May 27 to SepU'inlxT
Perithemis domitia var. tenera (Say). Common; Bateman's, John
Brown farm ponds, July to September 5,
I4 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [jail. ,'19
Erythemis simplicicollis (Say). Uncommon; Concord river, July
to September 3.
Sympetrum costiferum (Hagen). Rare; Willow, Bateman's pond,
August 15 to September 26.
Sympetrum rubicundulum (Say). Abundant; June 9 to Septem-
ber 30.
Sympetrum rubicunduium var. obtrusum (Hagen). Rare; Septem-
ber 5 to October 5.
Sympetrum semicinctum (Say). Common; Bateman's, Willow
ponds, July 25 to September 18.
Sympetrum vicinum (Hagen). Common; August 14 to November 7.
Pachydiplax longipennis Burm. Common; Bateman's, Willow
ponds, Fairhaven bay, July 28 to September 9.
Leucorrhinia frigida Hagen. Rare; Willow, Strawberry Hill ponds,
June 8 to August 19.
Leucorrhinia glacialis Hagen. Uncommon; Fairyland, Willow,
Walden, Goose, Strawberry Hill ponds, May 19 to June 21.
Leucorrhinia intacta Hagen. Common; May 17 to June 28.
Celithemis elisa (Hagen). Common; Willow, Walden ponds, Spen-
cer brook, May 19 to June 18.
Celithemis eponina (Drury). Common; Bateman's, John Brown
farm ponds, July to September 3.
Tramea Carolina (Linn.). Rare; Strawberry Hill pond, June 8 to 11.
On the Early Stages of Catocala titania Dodge, and
a Description of Three New Varieties
of Catocala (Lep.).
By ERNST SCHWARZ, St. Louis, Missouri.
Catocala titania.
Ovum. — Glossy emerald green, changing in about ten days to liver
brown; rather flat, concave ventrally; 42 to 48 ribs, many crossribs.
Micropyle area rather large, granulated with many hexagonal eleva-
tions ; micropyle slightly raised. Shortly before hatching the color
changes to transparent blue.
Larva, Stage i. — Head large; sides of head light brown. Body
tapering to the sixth segment, from there enlarging; body color trans-
parent bluish. Setae on first four segments only, whitish ; three rows
of dark brown tubercles on dorsal portion, each bearing a black spine.
Ventral faintly pinkish with the usual blotches dark brown.
Stage 2. — Head smaller than in stage i ; brown. First and second
segments a shade lighter than the rest of the body, which is a watery
green color ; two lateral lines a shade darker than body color. Dorsal
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 15
bears three rows of brownish tubercles, each set with a single spine ;
the saddle is faintly marked, with no elevation. Ventral as in stage I.
Stage 3. — Head bilobed, ashen color ; a black band below crest. Crest
reddish, a black longitudinal dash in inverted "V" space. Body color
faintly pinkish, thickly dotted with black, so that the general aspect is
brownish gray. There is a faint middorsal line; the three rows of
tubercles are tipped with orange, as is also the blunt elevation on saddle
above third pair of prolegs. Spiracles black surrounded by the body
color. Setae pinkish, short and are not present between segments
nine and ten. Ventral light pinkish, with blotches of light blue.
Stage 4. — Head is body size ; color and markings as in stage 3. Hump
above third pair of prolegs is more prominent; setae pinkish, short
and stout.
Stage 5. — Head strongly bilobed ; posterior part brown, darkest at
cleft; sides marbled with liver color; two black transverse bands in
inverted "V" space. Crest orange, from which protrudes a tubercle of
light orange set with a black spine. Body color greenish ashen sprin-
kled with many minute black dots; no distinct lines; all tubercles tipped
with orange. Hump on saddle is prominent, brown tipped with reddish,
and of a very fine texture; a second hump about half the size of the
first and inclined toward it is on the same segment: dark brown,
setae pinkish, stout. Ventral pinkish, with blotches of dark blue.
Pupa has no distinctive features from the Catncala type.
The larvae of C. titania can be collected until May 19, by
bush beating night or day, as they do not leave the top of the
tree for resting. When grown, the larva is easily recognized
by the double horn above the third pair of prolegs ; the
posterior one is much the smaller, about half the size of the
anterior.
The behavior of the larva of C. titania varies but little
from that of other species of the genus. During the first stage
they do not leave the margin of the leaf upon which they feed ;
in the second stage they rest on the lower surface of the midrib
of the leaf; in the third stage they rest on a twig just a
little larger in diameter than the body, and continue so during
the remaining stages. They seem to be comfortable only
when resting on a branch a little thicker than themseK o. in
either an upright or a horizontal position. Pupation occurs
in most instances amid the thick foliage of a tree.
In every stage the caterpillar mimics the color of its rot-
l6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., "iQ
ing-place : this gives the organism almost certain protection.
In a previous article* on the habits of C. titania, I have men-
tioned that the imago rests in its similarly-colored environ-
ment in perfect confidence of safety and cannot easily be
alarmed. Thus we see that throughout all the stages of its
life cycle, this species is protectively colored.
Catocala titania Dodge, n. var. distincta.
Primaries. — Ground color whitish gray, sprinkled with brown spots
of various shades ; lines all prominent. T. a. line doubled, the anterior
part faint, the posterior prominent throughout its entire length, but
most conspicuous on costal region; median shade prominent, joins
anteriorly the reniform. T. p. line very much in evidence, mostly so
at "M" and sinus at vein I. Reniform concolorous with subterminal
line; subreniform closed, a shade lighter than ground color. Subter-
minal space dark brown, merging costally in the ground color ; subter-
minal whitish and prominent ; terminal line brownish but faint. In all
other respects as in the type. Expanse 39 mm.
Types : One male and one female in collection of the
author. Paratypc : One male in collection of R. Lange. Habi-
tat : St. Louis, Missouri.
In general aspect, this variety resembles C. alabarna. ex-
cept that the forewings of the former are much the narrower.
Catocala minuta Edwards, n. var. eureka.
9 . — Thorax silvery gray; body yellow, concolorous with hind wings;
basal portion to b. h. line concolorous with thorax ; from this point to
subterminal line the primaries are blackish brown; all markings in this
space very obscure ; subterminal space very prominent, silvery white ;
terminal space light gray; lunula blackish, centered with silvery dots;
fringes concolorous with terminal space. Expanse 38 mm.
$ . — The terminal space not so prominent as in the female ; in all
other respects as in the female.
Habitat: St. Louis, Missouri.
Types: One male and one female in author's collection.
Paratypes: One male and one female in collection of Fred. T.
Naumann, of St. Louis, Mo. The females and one male bred
by Mr. F. Naumann ; the other male taken by the writer.
Eureka is to minuta what the variety gisela is to micro -
nympha, and scintillans is to innubens.
*Ent. News, 27:68.
Vol. XXXJ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS I/
t
Catocala minuta Edwards, n. var. obliterata.
$ and $ .— Forewings so heavily overlaid with blackish scales as
almost to obscure the ground color and markings, except the ring sur-
rounding the black reniform center, which is light brown, and subter-
minal line at costa, which is also light brown. Hind wings as in
minuta, with the exception of the absence of the yellow apical patch.
Expanse 40 n,m.
Habitat: St. Louis, Missouri.
T\[>es : Collection of the author.
This variety bears the same relation to minuta as agatha to
unijuga, and Ivdia to faustina, and souunis to Iticiana.
A New Genus of Bees from Peru (Hym.).
By T. D. A. COCKERELL, Boulder. Colorado.
Among the Old World Halictine bees is a very singular
genus, Thrinchostoma of Saussure ; first described from Mada-
gascar, but now known to be widely distributed in tropical
Africa and Asia.* The species have the mouth region pro-
longed and more or less snout-like, the malar space large. The
wings are hairy, and in the males there is a patch of black hair
situated on the second transverso-cubital nervure. There is
a hyaline fold or spurious vein extending from the base of the
stigma obliquely across the first submarginal cell and across
the lower part of the second. The abdomen is subclavate, es-
pecially in the males. The tongue is long and slender.
At Huascaray, Peru, September 21, 1911, Prof. C. H. T.
Townsend collected a very peculiar bee, having the aspect of a
male Thrinchostoma, but with slender simple hind legs, and no
patch of black hair on the second transverso-cubital nervure.
Closer inspection shows it to be a female, and as it is wholly
without pollen- collecting apparatus it must be a parasitic in-
sect. It is thus quite distinct from Thrinchostoma and it is
an interesting question whether it represents an isolated group
of an old Thrinchostomine stock, or an independent evolution
of parallel characteristics. It represents in any event a gnms
new to our classification, though it has in fact been provided
* See Canadian Entomologist, Feb., 1913, p. 35; July. 1915, p.
Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Dec., 1914, p. 452.
l8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '19
with a generic name. Vachal, in Miscellanea Entomologica,
xii (1904), p. 127, described a species Halictits chlerogas, from
a female taken at Callanga, Peru. It is considerably smaller
than our species, and metallic green but it is evidently con-
generic. Vachal, struck by its peculiar characters, surmises
that it may represent a new parasitic genus and adds that if
this should prove to be the case the genus might be named
Chlerogas, and the species C. latitans. According to the rules,
however, it will be Chlerogas chlerogas (Vachal).
CHLEROGAS Vachal.
Halictine bees without pollen-collecting apparatus in the
female, the abdomen of this sex clavate, truncate and hirsute
at apex, without any caudal rima ; hind legs of female long
and slender, the tarsus much longer than tibia or femur; no
hind patella ; hind spur with three long teeth ; head prolonged
beyond the eyes, snout-like, malar space very large ; inner or-
bital margins deeply emarginate ; ocelli ordinary ; antennae long
for a female ; scutellum binodose ; wings conspicuously hairy ;
basal nervure falling short of transverso-median ; second sub-
marginal cell nearly square, first recurrent nervure meeting
second transverso-cubital on entering extreme base of the large
third submarginal cell ; stigma large. Type C. chlerogas, but
also includes :
Chlerogas hirsutipennis n. sp.
9 . — Length about 12 mm., anterior wing nearly n; face prolonged
about 1.3 mm. beyond eyes; head and thorax black, not metallic; lab-
rum, mandibles and apical margin of clypeus dull yellow ; clypeus dull
with sparse very feeble punctures ; antennae black, flagellum and apex
of scape obscure, reddish beneath ; face, vertex, mesothorax and scu-
tellum with thin black hair; hair of metathorax thin, erect, ochreous ;
mesothorax dull, without evident punctures ; area of metathorax with
extremely fine oblique striae ; posterior truncation of metathorax long,
oblique, narrow, with a median sulcus, only the lower end defined on
each side by a carina ; tegulae dark reddish ; wings dusky, stigma honey-
color, nervures dilute fuscous ; legs bright ferruginous ; abdomen
piceous above, dull, without bands, base of second segment pale red-
dish; apex with coarse black hair; second and third ventral segments
light ferruginous.
Huascaray, Peru ; type in U. S. Nat. Museum.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS If)
Notes on the Genus Dicranoptycha Osten Sacken
(Tipulidae, Diptera).
By CHARLES P. ALEXANDER, Lawrence, Kansas.
The genus Dicranoptycha was erected by Osten Sacken in
1859 to include four closely allied crane-flies from the eastern
states. In 1910, Coquillett designated the first of these four
species, D. germana, as the genotype. Later on, in the Mono-
graphs (1869), Osten Sacken relegated D. sororcula to the
synonymy of' D. sobrina, where it still remains. Besides the
four valid Nearctic species, there are two European species of
the genus. The Oriental D. slgnaticollls v.d.W. is undoubtedly
a Libnotes rather than a Dicranoptycha. The known species of
the genus are all very closely related and are separable only on
slight differences of color and structure.
Of the American species, D. germana O. S., the largest form,
is characteristic of the Canadian life-zone and its range rarely
overlaps those of the other species. The three remaining
forms, together with the two species described in this paper,
are characteristic of the Austral and lower Transitional life-
zones. They frequent open woods, often but not necessarily
near water, and several species may be found flying together.
Thus at Plummer's Island, Maryland, in July, 1915, Mr. Mc-
Atee and the writer found D. sobrina and D. wlnnemana com-
monly. At Lawrence, Kansas, in July and August, three
species fly commonly at the same time, D. winnemana, D.
minima and D. tigrina. These species appear on the wing in
about the order given, D. ivinnemana emerging first in early
June, D. minima in early Julv and D. tigrina in mid- July,
though all three species continue on the wing throughout
August and most of September. They frequent the open
Austral woodlands such as North Hollow on the University
Campus and in such situations may be found resting on tin-
leaves of tall herbage and low shrubbery. They arc almost
invariably the only Limnobiinae occurring but fly with a numbi-r
of species of Tipula which have a much shorter flight period
(Tipiila dlctzlana, T. mingive, T. morrisoni. T. unimaculata,
T. nmbrosa, T. flavoumbrosa, T. flavibasis, etc.).
The general distribution of the American species lias hi-m
indicated by the writer in an earlier paper M'rnc. Acad. \'at.
Sri., Phila., 1916, pp. 496, 407). All of the species are com-
paratively restricted in distribution excepting D. sohnim. In
the Monographs (1869, p. 117) Osten Sacken stated that tin-
Calif ornian specimens represented a in-\\- species which be did
not characterize. In his Western Diptera ( 1877. pp \n~,
2O ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ T^H., 'ig
however, he indicated that the species was very probably D.
sobrina. I have examined a great number of specimens from
the western states and must state that I cannot distinguish the
material from typical eastern sobrina and so must consider this
species as being trans-continental, the widest distribution for
any species of the genus. Specimens from New Mexico break
this rather discontinuous range of sobrina and the species may
be looked for in Texas and other intermediate states. D.
nigripes is still known only from the unique type taken in
Georgia. Specimens that were distributed by me under this
name are herein described as a new species, D. minima. D.
unnnemana, described from Plummer's Island, Maryland,
ranges from Maryland and Georgia westward to Kansas. The
new species described below have as yet been found only in
scattered localities in Douglas County, Kansas, but unquestion-
ably have a wide range in this section.
The larvae of the species that T have reared, D. u'innemana
and D. minima, are very similar to one another and are very
characteristic in appearance. They are unusually elongate,
slender, the body terete ; the skin very thin, glassy, entirely
transparent, and glabrous so that the head-capsule and contents
of the alimentary tract show through as clearly as through a
very thin glass. The head-capsule is of the massive Limnobiine
type and is readily told from all other crane-flies with the
exception of Epiphragma by the three-toothed mentum. The
spiracular-disk is comparatively small, surrounded by four
small, slender, pointed lobes, two being lateral and two ventral
in position. The inner face of these lobes and the disk itself
are variously marked with black lines. The anal swelling is
fleshy and highly protuberant. The larvae live in the moist or
rather dry earth where they occur beneath the surface layer of
leaf-mold and other debris. The pupa is likewise very char-
acteristic since it apparently lacks pronotal breathing horns,
these being sessile as in the higher Diptera. The pupa lives
encased in a small, oval case of earth. The above observations
were made on material reared by my wife, Mabel M. Alex-
ander. Detailed observations on the immature stages of this
interesting genus are given in another paper.
A Key to the American species of Dicranoptycha.
1. Wings with a strong reddish-brown or fulvous tinge; Rs notably
longer than cell 1st A/2; Canadian life-zone. (Northeastern
United States) gcrmana O. S.
Wings not strongly fulvous ; Rs approximately as long as cell
1st M2 ; Austral and Transitional life-zones 2
2. Tips of the femora conspicuously black; abdominal tergites uni-
formly light brown or yellow 3
Vol. XXX] ENTOMdl.ociCM. XRWS
21
Tips of the femora not black; abdominal tergites banded or at
least the seventh segment blackish
3. Size large (male, length, about 10 mm.); wings brownish yellow;
male hypopygium with the gonapophyses acicular, prominent
(Georgia) nigripcs O. S.
Size small (male, length, under 8 mm.) ; wings brown; male hypo-
pygium with the gonapophyses small, not projecting. (Kan-
sas.) minima, sp. n.
4. Coloration yellow, the wings deep yellowish. (Eastern United
States) winnemana Alex.
Coloration brown or gray; wings pale brownish or grayish 5
5. Abdominal tergites uniformly dark brown or only the seventh seg-
ment darker ; male hypopygium with the gonapophyses not
acicular or projecting. (United States) sobrina O. S.
Abdominal tergites banded, tigrine in appe?rance, the apical third
of each segment pale; male hypopygium with the gonapophyses
acicular, prominent. (Kansas) tigrina, sp. n.
Dicranoptycha tigrina, sp. n.
$ . — Length, 9 mm.; wing, 9.8-10 mm. 9 . — Length, 10 mm.; wing,
9.3-9.5 mm.
Rostrum reddish. Palpi black. Antennae with the scape reddish
yellow, the flagellum black. Head grayish brown, the vertex narrow.
Mesonotum dark brown with a sparse brownish yellow pollen and
without distinct stripes. Pleura clear gray becoming more yellowish
below. Halteres pale. Legs with the coxae brownish yellow, the an-
terior coxae darker brown ; femora brownish yellow, the tips of the
femora darker brown ; tibiae and tarsi brown. Wings with a strong
gray tinge, highly iridescent ; veins dark brown. Venation : Sc mod-
erately elongated, extending to about midlength of the basal deflection
of ^4+5; Rs moderately elongated, about as long as the long cell
ist Mz and half again as long as the deflection of 7^4+5; basal de-
flection of Cm inserted at or before one-third the length of cell ist .1/2.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the apical third of each segment
more yellowish, producing a banded or tigrine appearance ; segment
seven dark brownish black; hypopygium reddish yellmv. Sternites
similar but the pale posterior margins to the segments are still broad-
er. Male hypopygium with the dorsal pleural appendage bent at a
right angle before midlength, the long apical point provided with num-
erous setae ; ventral pleural appendage a short, broad, flattened blade,
with a short curved tip and the inner margin with 8 or 9 acute serra-
tions. Gonapophyses long, acicular, projecting conspicuously between
the pleurites.
Habitat: Kansas.
Holot\pe, $, Lawrence, Douglas County. Kansas, alt. QOO
ft., July"i6, 1918. Allotopotype, 9 . Paratopotypes, 50
July 16-30, 1918.
This species is apparently close to D. >m/n/v.v < >. S. in the
structure of the male hypopygium but the coloration of the
wings and body are very different.
Dicranoptycha minima, sp. n.
$ .—Length, 6.7-7.2 mm.; wing, 6.5-7-8 mm. $ .-Length, about
6.5 mm. ; wing, 7-7.2 mm.
Rostrum brownish yellow. Palpi black. Antennae with the scape
22 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '19
bright yellow, the flagellum brownish black. Head brown ; vertex
rather broad.
Pronotum grayish brown. Mesonotum light brown without stripes ;
pseudosutural foveae distinct, black. Dorsal pleurites indistinctly gray-
ish, the ventral pleurites yellow. Halteres brown. Legs with the coxae
and trochanters yellow ; femora dull yellow, the tips narrowly and
abruptly blackened ; tibiae yellowish brown, the extreme bases and tips
a little darkened; tarsi brown, the metatarsi more yellowish. Wings
with a strong brownish tinge, more yellowish basally and along the
costa ; veins dark brown, subcosta yellow. Venation about as in D.
tiprina.
Abdomen yellowish brown without distinct darker markings ; tergite
seven concolorous with the other abdominal segments. Hypopygium
yellowish. Male hypopygium with the dorsal pleural appendage flat-
tened, very broad, the surface covered with setae. The narrow ventral
appendage is produced into a long slender apical point. Gonapophyses
short, not acicular or projecting conspicuously between the pleurites.
Habitat: Kansas.
Holotype, $ , Lawrence, Douglas County, Kansas, alt. 900 ft.,
July 16, 1918. Allotopotype, ? . Parato'potypes, 50 $ $ .
The types of the new species are in the collection of the
author. Paratypes have been placed in the leading collections
of the country.
— • <»» ' —
Cordulegaster dorsalis (Odonata) as an Enemy of Trout.
Mr. Frank Springer writes from the Abbott Ranch, Rito de los
Frijoles, New Mexico, Sept. i, as follows:
"I am sending you some beasties, that I should like to know a little
more about. They are highly predaceous devils, and I first discovered
them in the act of seizing some of 'a lot of young trout which I was
placing in the brook here. The bug lies buried in mud or sand, in
shallow parts of the stream where the current is not very swift, with
only his eyes projecting. When a little fish (about an inch long) comes
wiggling along close enough over the bug, he snaps, projecting his
formidable mandibles [lateral labial lobes] and the shovel-like part
below them for quite a distance to the front, and catches the fish by
his wiggling tail. By simulating the wiggling motion of a fish with a
knife-blade, I could induce the bug to snap at it, and thus saw the
motion several times I found the creatures quite numerous
in the shallow, quieter waters where T was planting the young fry, and
apparently they constitute a rather serious menace to the stocking of
the stream, as they infest the shallow places, while the deeper water
is dangerous on account of the older fish. I find that the trout eat
these bugs to some extent, as in several instances they were contained
in the stomach, and they are readily taken when offered as bait."
Specimens sent agree in all particulars with Cordulegaster dorsulis
Hagen, as described and figured by Needham. — T. D. A. COCKERELL,
Boulder, Colorado.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., JANUVRY, 1919.
The News for 1919.
Whether the hopes for the betterment of Entomology ex-
pressed in our editorial for November last are any farther
toward realization may well be doubted. In one respect, affect-
ing the NEWS very strongly, it is certain that conditions are
worse than at any time in the past. We regret to say that in-
creased charges for labor within the last few months, unac-
companied by any decrease in other expenses, positively com-
pel us to reduce the number of pages which we are able to pub-
lish each month and to forego all illustrations in plate or text,
except where authors bear their cost. Even with these curtail-
ments we look forward to a considerable deficit at the end of
1919. We surely owe this statement of our outlook for the
new year to our many friends and contributors when they
open the pages of the present number and note its smaller size.
It is unnecessary to say that they can not regret this condi-
tion more than do the editors and committees of the NEWS.
Whenever financial matters improve, we shall respond at the
earliest possible moment by restoring this journal to its former
thickness.
Bittacomorpha clavipes (Dipt.).
On Sept. I, as I was crossing a road in Boulder, Colorado, I saw a
strange apparition. What seemed to be a series of black and white
specks, symmetrically arranged, was passing rapidly through the air. I
realized at once that I was looking at Bittacomorpha claripcs, which I
had never before met with in my years of collecting at Boulder. Having
no net, I could only knock it down with,my hat, breaking off the strange
and beautiful legs. This is not the first capture of B. claripcs in Colo-
rado, as Mr. C. P. Alexander informs me that Dr. F. H. Snow took it
in Alanitou Park, in August, years ago. The group is an ancient one,
now represented by comparatively few species, scattered over the earth.
A species of the same genus (/>'. niiocctiica Ckll., 1910) has been found
fossil in the miocene shales at Florissant. — T. D. COCKF.RKLL, Boulder,
Colorado.
23
24 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS |]an., '19
Notes and News.
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS PROM ALL QUARTERS
OF THE GLOBE.
A One Year Life Cycle for Saperda Candida Fab. Reared in an
Apple (Col.).
In Bulletin No. 156 of the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Sta-
tion the writer called attention to the fact that it seemed quite prob-
able that Saperda Candida could be reared through all of its stages in
the fruit of apple. At the time of the writing of the above mentioned
bulletin the writer had in rearing two larvae which were at that time
nearly one year old. The eggs from which these larvae had hatched
had been deposited in an apple by a beetle during the season of 1917.
The eggs hatched in this apple, and the larvae were allowed to bur-
row around in the fruit until it began to decay, after which each larva
was transferred to a fresh fruit. The borers were transferred to fresh
fruits whenever the condition of the latter made it necessary to do so.
During the winter the apple containing the insects was kept in the
laboratory so that temperature conditions were favorable for them all
the year.
Reared in this way, one larva pupated and emerged as an adult in
the summer of 1918, which was just one year after the egg from which
it hatched, had been deposited. During the course of their develop-
ment larvae were fed upon all sizes of apples, ranging from young
green fruits not much over one and one-half inches in diameter to fully
ripened and matured fruits. Part of the time the borers fed upon soft
and rotten fruits. The larva which matured in the fruit had probably
fed upon six different apples during the course of its development
It is possible, in fact quite likely, that the unfavorable conditions
under which the larvae were reared, were responsible for the develop-
ment of one of them in one year. The beetle which developed from this
larva was only about 15 mm. long, whereas a normal beetle is usually
from 18 to 20 mm. in length. The second larva died at about the time
when the first one pupated. It seems most likely that the second larva
died because of the condition of the apple at the time of its death. The
latter was in the same soft and rotten condition as the apple in which
the first larva pupated.
In view of the rapid and apparently normal development of the lar-
vae up until winter of their first year, it seems quite likely that they
would attain their normal development in the fruit if they were given
fresh material from time to time so that the medium in which they were
feeding would not become soft, gelatinous and even liquid as was the
case many times in the apples in which we reared our larvae.— GEO. G.
BECKER, Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Fayetteville, Ar-
kansas.
Vol. XXXJ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 25
Botanical Abstracts.
Under this title there has appeared No. i, Vol. I, dated September,
1918, of "a monthly serial furnishing abstracts and citations of publi-
cations in the international field of botany in its broadest sense.
The Board of Control of Botanical Abstracts has charge of the publi-
cation. With the beginning of the year 1919, the membership of the
Board of Control will be representative of the [13! various American
botanical societies. At that time each society will be represented by
two members, one elected for a period of two years and the other for
a period of four years. After January, 1919, each society will elect a
member for a period of four years, at intervals of two years, to re-
place its representative who automatically retires." It is planned to
issue two volumes of 300 pages each within one year, at $6.00 for the
two volumes. This first number bears on its cover the names of an
editor-in-chief and 15 editors for different divisions of botany with
others still to be announced. As Entomology is so closely linked with
Botany this magazine will be very useful to those cultivating the for-
mer. Indeed so "broad" is the "sense" of botanv interpreted that we
find in this number summaries of articles whose content is zoological
or entomological and not botanical, e. g., "Inheritance in Orthoptera,"
"A preliminary report on some genetic experiments concerning evo-
lution" [largely concerned with the gypsy moth], "Studies in inheri-
tance in the hybrid Philosamia (Attacus) ricini (Boisd.) $ Philo-
samia cynthia (Drury) $ ." The publishers are the Williams and
Wilkins Co. of Baltimore.
The Larval Habitat of Chalcomyia aerea Loew. (Diptera,
Syrphidae).
On March 4 Dr. R. D. Glasgow brought to me a number of larvae
of the above species which he had found in a dead basswood log at
Augerville Woods near Urbana. Along with these were several
larvae of the tipulid Xiphura fitmificnnis O. S., and one of Xylota
fraudulosa Loew. On March 13 the latter produced an imago, and on
March 14 two males of aerea appeared.
The only record of the larval habitat of the latter is that published
by Metcalf in his "Syrphidae of Ohio." His record states that a pupa
was found under the bark of a log lying close to a river and whether
the larva had gone there to pupate or had lived in the log was left
in doubt. The larvae very closely resemble those of Eristalis, posses-
sing a long slender tail-like caudal respiratory appendage, but the log
in which the specimens before me were found was not supersaturated
and as Xylota fraudulosa does not possess a long caudal appendage
it is difficult to explain the relation between the structure of Chalcomyia
larva and its habitat. — J. R. MALLOCH, Urbana, Illinois.
26 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '19
A Change of Names (Coleoptera).
Thanks to the courtesy of Mr. C. W. Leng, my attention has been
called to a number of pre-occupied names used by me in recent
descriptive work. These, with the new names now proposed, are as
follows :
For Bled'ms dissimilis Fall (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1910, p. 107)
Substitute B. philadelphicus new name.
For Blcdius fraiclhts Fall (loc. cit. p. 112)
Substitute B. transitus new name.
For Pachybrachys instabilis Fall (Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. 1915, p. 4/O
Substitute P. hector new name.
H. C. FALL, Tyngsboro, Massachusetts.
Note on the Vinegarone (Arach., Pedipalpi).
Professor Comstock, in his Spider Book, concerning the giant whip-
tail scorpion (Mastigoproctus gigantcus), writes, "In some parts of
the South they bear the local name grampus and are greatly feared on
account of their supposed venomous powers ; but it is probable that
there is no foundation for this fear; for although it has been stated
often that their bites are poisonous, I can find no direct evidence that
this is true, and no poison glands have been found in this order."
Many years ago, when the late Dr. George Marx was connected with
the United States Department of Agriculture, he kept one or more
specimens of this dangerous looking creature in a glass jar in the labo-
ratory of the Division of Entomology and made a careful study of its
possibility for harm, but both experimentally and by dissection failed
to find any basis for the common superstition. For a long time it was
a standing joke in the Division of Entomology to test the nerves of
occasional visitors by inviting them to handle one of these specimens.
I remember that no less a person than that excellent entomologist,
John B. Smith, refused absolutely to touch one, while those of us who
knew handled them with impunity.
As is well known, the name z-inegarone in the southern United States
was originally given by French settlers from the French West Indies,
and arose from the vinegar-like, intensely acid secretion which the
whip-tail scorpion exudes when approached.
An interesting story was told me the other night at the Biological
Society of Washington by General T. E. Wilcox, to the effect that in
1877 at Camp Supply, Indian Territory, a blacksmith crushed a rinc-
garone on his upper left breast. Blisters resulted which extended over
the whole breast, and the glands were involved to some extent. He
stayed away from work for a week, and General Wilcox, who at that
time was a surgeon in the Army, treated him. Of course there was no
sting, and the blisters resulted simply from the acid secretion. — L. O.
HOWARD. U. S. Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C.
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 2/
Eumerus strigatus Fall., the Lunate Onion Fly, in New Jersey
(Dip.)-
On February 6, 1918, an adult of this European species, kindly iden-
tified by Dr. Bequaert, was taken in a greenhouse at Rutherford, New
Jersey. This is the first definite record of its occurrence in New Jer-
sey, but its presence was suspected several years ago in connection
with iris roots injured by Macronoctua onusta Grote (Psyche, June,
1915, p. 106). Felt (27th Kept. State Ent., N. Y., p. 119) records it
from Saratoga Springs, New York, and states that Dr. Chittenden in-
formed him that it had been bred from bulbs received from Connecti-
cut and Texas. Its presence in New Jersey at Rutherford is not sur-
prising in view of the fact that huge quantities of Holland bulbs are
consigned to this locality every year. In "Ziekten en Beschadigingen
der Tuinbouwgewassen," by Van Den Broek en Schenk, it is listed as
a pest of narcissus in Holland and it is stated that it and Merodon
cquestris constitute the most important insect enemies of that plant.
According to the Dutch authors, the flies appear in May and June
and the eggs are evidently laid on the bases of the leaves. The larvae
enter the nose of the bulb, from 10 to 30 being found in a single one.
When full grown they are from 7 to 9 mm. in length. The maggots
feed in the interior, which soon becomes slimy and decayed and the
destruction appears to be more complete and rapid than that caused
by Merodon cquestris larvae with which they are sometimes associated
in the same bulb. The puparia are usually found in the outside layers,
or at the nose of the bulb, during August and it appears that a second
brood of flies, of which little is known, appears in September and Octo-
ber. On bright, sunny days the adults can be seen flying low over the
narcissus plants. It is also recorded as attacking hyacinths and onions.
In Holland the destruction of infested bulbs appears to be the common
method of control.
Verrall (British Flies, 8, 615, 1901) states that it is recorded from
all North and Middle Europe and Italy, and Walker (1851, Insecta
Britannica, Diptera, I, 241-42) records it as being generally distributed
in Great Britain and states that the larvae of the genus feed on bulbous
roots. Considering the fact that it was first noted in the United States
in 1006 (Chittenden), it is strange that more records of it have not
turned up. On account of its reputation as an onion pest in Europe
its presence in this country should be of interest, especially in such
states as Ohio, New York, Texas, California, Indiana, Illinois, Louisi-
ana, Massachusetts, Kentucky and New Jersey, which are the ten main
onion States in the order of their importance. — H. B. WEISS and A. S.
NICOLAY, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
A Remarkable Case of Longevity in Insects (Hem., Horn.)
The genus Maryarodcs (Hemiptera, Coccidae) contains certain
curious species in which the first stage larva possesses legs and
antennae, these appendages being lost in the intermediate stages and
reappearing in the adult. All of the described species are subterranean
in habitat and in all the appendageless, intermediate stages are enclosed
within a tough, hard cyst formed from the secretions of certain
dermal glands of the insect. The details of the life histories of most
of the species are unknown but one species. M. ritinm Giard, has
received a considerable amount of attention.
28 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan..'l<J
This species is a native of Chile and Venezuela, where it feeds upon
roots of grapes and at times becomes somewhat of a pest. It has been
the subject of a number of more or less extended papers and in one of
these Mayet1 has recorded the astonishing fact that adults were
observed by him to issue from cysts that had been kept for a period
of seven years, during which time the insects had taken no food. The
emergence of the adult was induced by immersing the cysts in water
for a considerable period. Apparently this ability to lie dormant for
long periods is an adaptation to the peculiarities of the climate of the
insect's native land, the adult insects emerging normally during the
rainy season. Some one has said that in certain parts of Chile it rains
but once in seven years and sometimes skips this.
The Stanford collection of Coccidae contains several cysts of this
species, collected in Chile by Lataste and received by the University
from Professor Cockerell in 1902. In December of 1917 several of
these cysts were opened by the present writer, the enclosed individuals
being found dead and shriveled as was to be expected. However, the
insect removed from one cyst was so soft and white as to induce the
belief that it must still be alive. There being no appendages the
movement of which might reveal the presence of life, histological
preparations were made from the specimen.
These preparations have been examined by competent authorities,
including Professors F. M. McFarland and Harold Heath, all of whom
agree that the specimen must have been alive at the time it was
removed from the cyst or at the most but a very short time before.
The tissues appear in all respects to be perfectly normal, the nuclei
of the hypodermal cells and of the walls of the alimentary canal not
differing in any recognizable degree from those of the same organs
seen in preparations of other Coccids known to have been alive at the
time of fixation. Astonishing as this may seem, there is no reasonable
explanation other than that the insect was indeed alive.
Correspondence with Professor Cockerell has elicited the informa-
tion that the material from which this specimen was taken came into
his hands in 1899 or 1900 or perhaps earlier. When they were collected
is not known, nor, of course, is it known how old they were when
they were collected. There is, however, the definite and indisputable
record that this insect remained alive for at least 17 years without food.
It would be most interesting to know whether the insect could still
have transformed into an adult and issued from the cyst under the
stimulus of moisture. Unfortunately all the remaining cysts contain
only specimens that are unmistakably dead and shriveled and the
opportunity is past. — G. F. FERRIS, Stanford University, California.
aMayet, V. Note sur Margarodes vitium Giard. Bull. Soc. Ent.
France (7), 6, p. 50. 1896.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 2Q
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.
Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, how-
ever, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be recorded.
The numbers in Heavy- Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered
in the following list, in which the papers are published.
All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their
first installments.
The records of papers containing new species are all grouped at the
end of each Order of which they treat. Unless mentioned in the title,
the number of the new species occurring north of Mexico is given at
end of title, within brackets.
For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record.
Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied Kn-
tomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento-
mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B.
4 — Canadian Entomologist, London, Can. 10 — Proceedings of
the Entomological Society of Washington, D. C. 11 — Annals and
Magazine of Natural History, London. 13 — Journal of Entomol-
ogy and Zoology, Claremont, Calif. 16 — The Lepidopterist, Salem,
Mass. 17 — Lepidoptera, Boston, Mass. 18 — Ottawa Naturalist, Ot-
tawa, Can. 51 — Archiv fur Mikroskopische Anatomic, Bonn. 52 —
Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipsic. 53 — Nature Study Review, Ithaca,
N. Y. 54 — Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington,
D. C. 55 — Bulletin de la Societe Vaudoise des Sciences Naturelles,
Lausanne, Switzerl. 56 — Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of
Sciences. Indianapolis. 57 — Biologisches Zentralblatt, Leipzig.
58 — New York State Museum Bulletin, Albany. 59 — Journal of
Agricultural Research, Washington. 60 — Maine Agricultural Ex-
periment Station, Orono. 68 — Science, Lancaster, Pa.
GENERAL. Dewitz, J. — Ueber kunstliche aufhebung des spin-
nens der arthropoden. 52, 1, 27-30. Escherich, K. — Zeitschrift fur
angewandte entomologie. Band iv, Heft i, 1SS pp. Felt, E. P.—
Key to American insect galls. 58, 200, 310 pp. Harris, H. W.—
Field notes. 17, ii, 8fi.
GENETICS. Cromwell, H.— Further experiments with the
mutant, scarlet, from Drosophila repleta. 56, 1917, 287-93. Zeleny,
C. — Germinal changes in the bar-eyed race of Drosophila during
the course of selection for facet number. 56, 1917, 73-7.
ARACHNIDA AND MYRIAPODA. Pillichody, A.— Photo-
graphic d'une toile d'araignee. 55, lii, 157-fiO.
Chamberlin, R. V. — Two new diplopods from Louisiana. 4, 1918,
361-3.
NEUROPTERA. Ballowitz, E.— Ueher die samenkorper dcr
Libellen. 1. Die spermien und spermiozeugmen der Aeschniden.
51, Abt. 1. xc. 1fi()-s.v Darsie, D. L. A list of Odonata chiefly from
beach. 13, x, 79.
30 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Jan., '19
Walker, E. M. — On the American representatives of Somato-
chlora arctica with descriptions of two n. sps. 4, 1918, 365-75.
ORTHOPTERA. Caudell, A. N.— Zorotypus hubbardi, a n. sp.
of the order Zoraptera from II. S. 4, 1918, 375-81. Two n. sps. of
the blattid genus Arenivaga. 10, xx, 154-7.-
HEMIPTERA. Riley, C. F. C.— Food of aquatic Hemiptera.
68, xlviii, 545-7. Jones & Gillette — Life history of Pemphigus pop-
uli-transversus. 59, xiv, 577-94. McAtee, W. L. — Genera of the
Eupterygidae (Jassoidea). 54, xxxi, 109-24.
McAtee, W. L. — Notes on Nova Scotian Eupteryid leaf-hoppers,
including descriptions of two n. sps. 4, 1918, 360-1.
LEPIDOPTERA. Acker, C. T.— The study of moths and but-
terflies as a recreation. 53, xiv, 337-43. Ainslie, C. N. — A note <>n
the economic importance of Samia cecropia. 10, xx, 150-2. Barnes
& McDunnough — Illustrations of the N. Am. sps. of the genus
Catocala. (Mem. Am. Mus. N. H., n. s., iii, pt. 1, 47 pp.) Dognin,
P. — Heteroceres nouveaux de 1'Amerique du Sud. Fasc. xiv, 27 pp.
Ehrmann, G. A. — New exotic [neotropical] papilios. 17, ii, 82-4.
Riser, O. F. & J. S.— Life history of Catocala nuptialis. 16, ii, 66-9.
Prout, L. B. — New L. in the Joicey collection [S. Am]. 11, ii, 412-
18. Rowley, R. R.— A long-fasting lepidopter. 4, 1918, 363-4.
DIPTERA. Greene, C. T.— Note on the habits of Pegomyia
affinis and other anthomyid genera. 10, xx, 160. Lindner, H.—
Ueber die mundwerkzeuge einiger dipteren und ihre beziehungen
zur ernahrungsweise. 52, 1, 19-27.
Alexander, C. P.— New [5] nearctic crane flies. 4, 1918. 381-6.
COLEOPTERA. Hudson, C. H.— Concerted flashing of fireflies.
68, xlviii, 573-5.
Chapin, E. A. — A new Hydnocera (Cleridae). 54, xxxi. 107-8.
Swaine, J. M. — Canadian bark-beetles. Part 2. [8 new]. (Canada,
Dept. Agr., Ent. Branch. Bui. 14.). Woods, W. C.— The biology of
Maine species of Altica \?> new]. 60, Bui. 273.
HYMENOPTERA. Cockerell, T. D. A.— Descriptions and rec-
ords of bees [Neotropical]. 11, ii. 418-25. Cushman, R. A. — Notes
on the cocoon spinning habits of two sps. of Braconids. 10, xx.
133-6. Henning, H. — Zur ameisenpsychologie. Fin kritische erort-
erung uber die grundlaTen der tierpsychologie. 57, xxxviii. 208-20.
Rohwer, S. A. — North American snecies of the sawfly genus Lau-
rentia. 10, xx, 157-9. Sladen, F. W. L.— The genus Vespa in Can-
ada. 18, xxxii, 71-72. White, G. F. — Note on the muscular coat of
the ventriculus of the honey bee. 10, xx, 152-4.
Gahan, A. B. — A synopsis of the species belonging to the chal-
cidoid genus Rileya [4 new]. 10, xx, 136-50.
The NEWS for December, 1918, was mailed at the Philadelphia
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ENT. NEWS, VOL. XXX.
Plate III.
ODONATA ANISOPTERA FROM GUATEMALA.-CALVERT.
1-6, ERPETOGOMPHUS SCHAUSI ; 7-9, E. DIADOPHIS, PARATYPE ; 10-12, E. DIADOPHIS7.
CAYUGA ?.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
AND
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SE(
VOL. XXX.
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.'''
--X — t, •
-«&\
FEBRUARY, 1919.
CONTENTS:
Calvert— Od on a t a Anisoptera from
Guatemala 31
Stoner — Swarmingof the Monarch But-
terfly in Iowa ( Lep. ) 38
Wilson and Davis— A New Genus and
Species of Aphid ( Hem., Horn.).. . 39
Cockerell — Neocorynura, a Genus of
Halictine Bees (Hym.) 41
Crampton — Notes on the Phylogeny of
the Orthoptera 42
Skinner— A few hours on Mt. Washing-
ton ( Lepid. ) 48
Editorial— Entomology at the Convo-
cation Week Meetings 49
Entomological Literature 50
Review of Prof. Carlos E. Porter's
Collector's Manual in Spanish 53
Review — Washhurn's Injurious Insects
and Useful Birds. 54
Review — Rau's Wasp Studies Afield.. 54
Doings of Societies — Ent. Sec., Acad.
Nat. Sci. of Phila 56
American Entomological Society.. 56
Feldman Collecting Social 58
Obituary— Victor Arthur Erich Daecke 58
Odonata Anisoptera from Guatemala
Collected by Messrs. William Schaus and John T. Barnes.
By PHILIP P. CALVERT, University of Pennsylvania, Philadel-
phia, Pa.
(Plate III)
Messrs. Schaus and Barnes, whose extensive collecting of
Lepidoptera in Guiana, Mexico and Costa Rica is well known,
turned their energies to Guatemala in February, 1915, remain-
ing in that country until April. 1918. During that period they
sent to me from time to time a number of Odonata which add
to our knowledge of the fauna of ( iuatemala over and above
that recorded in the Xeuroptera volume of the Biologia Ccn-
tr ali- Americana. I have listed them, following the order of the
species in the Biologia and occasionally adding some descrip-
tive matter. Mr. Schaus made some notes on the fresh colors
of some of the specimens and these I have enclosed in quota-
tion marks. He has also given me data on some of the more
unfamiliar localities at which they took (')dnnata, as follows:
32 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
Caballo Blanco, "13 miles beyond Retalhuleu on the branch line to
Champerico ; it consists of grazing country with a little vegetation
along the rivers, but no forest near at hand, and the soil is humid and
very fertile."
Cayuga, 23.4 miles from Puerto Barrios and a little west of Tene-
dores. A farm house recently abandoned was fitted up by the United
Fruit Company and placed at their disposal; it was their Guatemalan
headquarters. "The house stands on a hill by itself, 150 feet above
the railway and river, with the most glorious views in every direction.
The chief veranda faces the south with the winding [Motagua] river
threading through thousands of acres of bananas, limited by virgin
forests, and with the mountains of Honduras in the distance; to the
north we are close to forest clad hills and almost all my day collecting
is along [their] trails and streams. The elevation of the [railway]
station is 107 feet and the forest ridge about 400 feet higher. The
hills on the south side are covered with dense tropical forest,
no pines at all." On October 7, 1915, he wrote: "I cannot understand
why with the heat and rain there are not more things flying." On
April 30, 1917: "The conditions here (climatic) are still disastrous and
not an insect is to be seen except a few wasps. Not a drop of rain
has fallen since I last wrote and all the weeds around the place are
dead and dried up and there are extensive forest fires, fanned into
energy by strong easterly gales which blow all afternoon and evening.'
Chcjcl, in Baja Vera Paz, eleven miles from Tucuru, elevation 3100
feet. "I have had five weeks at Che j el, where I have been visiting
most charming friends" | in June, etc., 1917].
Iguana, "a flag station, 72.3 miles from Barrios, elevation 493 feet,
and at the beginning of the dry section of the Motagua valley; the
country is hilly, with scattered pines and swampy in places. We only
went there once for a few hours and found your Odonata flying in
the wet places."
Joaquina, "a flag station, 170 miles from Barrios, elevation 2269 feet;
a dry district owing to steep mountains with muddy ditches along track
in rainy season, little vegetation and some 200 feet above river. We
were delayed there several hours by a land-slide, so I put my net on
and caught a few insects."
Montufar, "44 miles from Barrios (Motagua valley)."
Oncida, "Motagua valley near Morales, 25 miles from Barrios, eleva-
tion 300 feet."
Polochic River. Writing Aug. 17. 1917 : "I am still in Vera Paz
since a week I have worked every night with my lamp until 3 A. M.
Barnes is doing the day work and rides nine miles down the moun-
tains to the Polochic River and gets in several hours' collecting."
Pundha "is the correct spelling, not Purula, as Champion spells it."
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 33
In the letter just quoted : "I have had throe weeks at I'urulha."
Quiriyua "is 57.4 miles from Barrios, elevation 240 feet, and is in the
humid banana district. The Motagua valley is very broad there, with
hills on the south side covered with forest of poor growth, chiefly
pines and the manaca palms; there are small streams in all the
valleys. The forest in the main valley has all been cleared by the
Fruit Co." In their first year in Guatemala they had a month or six
weeks at Quirigua before going to Cayuga.
San Felipe, "in the department of Retalhuleu, elevation 2056 feet,
surrounded by sugar cane and coffee plantations."
Santa Maria, Volcano, department of Quezaltenango, elevation 5500
feet.
Tactic, Baja Vera Paz ; "ten days in Tactic" (Aug. 17, 1917).
GOMPHINAE.
Gomphoides elongata Selys. Gualan, August, 1 $.
Very close to the only male of elongata which is available
for comparison, viz., from Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, July,
by Schumann, listed in the Biologia volume, page 157. This
Gualan male is smaller (abdomen 43.5, hind wing 31 mm.),
less robust, the lateral margins of abdominal segments 8 and
9 are less dilated, that of 9 less angulate, angle distinctly
rounded, superior anteapical angulation of the superior ap-
pendages also rounded.
Gomphoides suasa suasa Selys. Cayuga, May, 101 T, 1 $. Qui-
rigua, forest, June 2~>, 1 t? , 1 9.
Erpetogomphus schausi n. sp. (PI. I IT, figs. 1-6).
Purulha, forest stream, July / , i $ , type, in the writer's
collection at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.
$. Black or blackish brown, the following bright green: greater
part of the frons (except its postero-dorsal and antero-ventral mar-
gins), the rhinarium, a transverse streak on the middle of the free
margin of the labrum, the greater ("anterior) part of the fore pro-
thoracic lobe, anterior margin of the propleuron, the greater part of
the transverse dorsal mesothoracic ridge (but not where it joins the
mid-dorsal carina or the humeral suture), an antehumeral stripe
separating the dark submedian and antehumeral stripes, increasing in
width cephalad and ventrad and confluent with the green of the trans-
verse mesothoracic ridge just mentioned (at mid-height this green ante-
humeral stripe is a little wider than half of the dark submedian and
narrower thnn the dark antehumeral stripr), a n>nndrd triangular spot
just below the antealar sinus and anterior to the humeral suture,
34 ENTOMOUJGICAI, NEWS. [Feb. ,'19
almost confluent with the upper end of the green antehumeral stripe
(this spot apparently represents the upper end of an otherwise ob-
solete pale humeral stripe), a mesepimeral stripe wider above, a round-
ed superior spot and an inferior stripe on the metepisternum, a wider
stripe on the metepimeron (each of these three sclerites being margined
with black on all sides, but the postero-ventral angle of the metepimeron
is green), and the dorsal interalar sclerites. (PI. Ill, figs. I, 2.)
Mandibles, maxillae and labium buff, but the apices of the first
two- and of the median and lateral labial lobes black.
Ventral thoracic surface dull greenish with pruinose traces in the
depressions.
Abdomen blackish-brown, its pale markings evidently faded, such
as are visible being the sides of i inferiorly, the auricles, a postero-
ventral spot and possibly a mid-dorsal stripe on 2, a mid-dorsal basal
stripe or spot of indeterminable extent on 3-6, a basal lateral spot on
the same four segments, the basal half of 7, a large (reddish) spot
on each side of 10.
Femora reddish-brown, blackening distally, fore pair pale greenish
inferiorly. Tibiae and tarsi wholly black.
Occiput non-tuberculate, its hind margin moderately convex.
Abdomen narrowing from segment i (2.6 mm.) to the middle of 3
(.8 mm.), thence widening very gradually to apex of 6 (1.4 mm.),
thence widening rapidly to the apex of 8 (2.6 mm.), thence narrowing
to the apex of 10 (1.9 mm.).
Superior appendages (PI. Ill, figs. 3, 6) 1.96 mm. long, slightly
longer than 10, subequal to 9; in dorsal view, their external margins
straight and parallel for two-thirds' length of the appendage, each
appendage constricted at its extreme base, following which, on the
internal side, it is swollen for its first third, then gradually narrows,
the terminal third of the appendage strongly curved mesad forming a
blunt hook; in profile view, the superior margin is almost straight for
two-thirds of the length of the appendage, the inferior margin sub-
parallel, but swollen a little at two-fifths of the same length, no
superior or inferior teeth or tubercles, the terminal third of the
appendage curved strongly ventrad to an acute apex ; superior append-
ages yellow, brown at apex.
Inferior appendage blackish-brown, stout, two-thirds as long as the
superiors; in profile view, its superior margin concave throughout
except for the first fifth of the appendage's length, which is straight,
slanting caudad and ventrad, and forms an obtuse angulation where
the concave curve begins, terminal half of the appendage curved strong-
ly dorsad and slightly cepha?ad ; in ventral view, the appendage is bifid
for its entire visible extent f, c., its distal two-thirds, the proximal
third being concealed by the sub-anal plates), the two branches in
Vol. xxx ) Kvn>.M<ii.<H,ir.\i. v]-:\vs. 35
contact with each other, their external margins slightly converging,
their apices roundedly truncate from within laterad.
Genitalia of abd. seg. 2: (PI. Ill, figs. 4, 5). Anterior lamina
brown, low, entire, with a marginal row of brownish hairs; the other
genitalia darker. Anterior hamules bifid at tip, internal branch the
longer and more acute, interval separating it from external branch
elliptical, narrower at the mouth. Posterior hamules one-and-two-fifths
times as long as the anterior hamules, tapering to an acute apex.
Vesicle of the penis projecting subequally with the anterior hamules,
having on each side a stout antero-ventral angle of somewhat less
than oo degrees. Posterior margin of each auricle almost straight,
slightly convex, bearing 5-6 denticles.
Wings barely smoky yellowish. Stigma dark reddish-brown within
black veins, surmounting 5-6 cells. Venation, including the costa,
black. Forewings with 20 (r), 18 (1) antenodals, the 7th (r) or 6th
(1) thicker, 14 (r), 15 (1) postnodals, two posttriangular rows in-
creasing near the level of the nodus with 7-8 marginal cells, a maxi-
mum of three rows of cells in the second cubital area. Hind wings with
13 (r), 14 (1) antenodals, the 6th thicker, 13 (r), 14 (1) postnodals,
3 posttriangular cells, then two rows, increasing near the level of
separation of Rs bridge from All +2, with 13-14 marginal cells, proxi-
mal row of postanal cells 5, distal row of 4, a maximum of five rows
of cells in the second cubital area, anal triangle 4-celled.
Abdomen 33, hind wing 30, costal edge of stigma of fore wing 3.5
mm.
Only the type male has been seen. This handsomely colored
species falls near E. cittainia and /:. i-ipcrinus in the synopsis
of species of Erpctogoinphus in the Biologia volume, pages
159-160. It differs from E. cutainia in the absence of an in-
ferior longitudinal carina on the basal third of the superior
appendages, in the strongly ventral curvature of the terminal
third of the same appendages and in the shape of their apices,
the apparent absence of a second pale antehumeral stripe sepa-
rating the dark antehumeral and humeral stripes, and of a
yellow line on the costa anteriorly, the greater number of ante-
and postnodals and the longer wings.
From E. t'ipcrinns, E. scJiansi differs by the presence of
dark markings on the face, the stronger ventral curvature of
the terminal third of the superior appendages, the apparent
absence of a second pale antehumeral stripe the greater number
of ante- and postnodals, etc.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS,. [Feb., '19
Erpetogomphus diadophis ? Calvert (Plate III, figs. 10-12).
Cayuga, house, October 25, i $ . Very similar to the paratype of the
species (in coll. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia) in the shape of the
occiput, the very reduced vulvar lamina and the characteristic semi-
circular groove on the sternum of 9. It is smaller (abdomen 29, hind
wing 24, costal edge of stigma, front wing 3 mm.) and the annulate
appearance of the abdomen, on 3-7, due to the presence of a trans-
verse median yellow band in diadophis, is on first examination not
distinct, owing, perhaps, to the apparently less matured coloration
of the body generally. I believe that I can recognize the annuli on
segments 6 and 7, at least. Color differences, due, possibly, to the
same cause (immaturity), are the smaller extent of the dark para-
median stripes of the thorax (mesepisternum) and of those at the
humeral, at the obsolete first lateral and at the second lateral sutures,
in comparison with those of the paratype of diadophis, as our figures
show. (PL III, figs. 10 and n, 7 and 8).
The similarity of the vulvar laminae in the two specimens is not
identity. The two lobes of the lamina in the Cayuga female are rel-
atively more widely separated than in the paratype (cf. PI. Ill, figs. 12, 9),
although the absolute measurements are as follows : from apex of
. right lobe to apex of left lobe, Cayuga 9 .3 mm., diadophis 9 para-
type .4 mm.; length of lobes measured from the anterior (a) of the
two transverse lines shown in PL III, figs. 12, 9: Cayuga 9 .2 mm.,
9 paratype .3 mm.
In addition to the possession by both females of the semicircular
groove on the ventral side of segment 9, mentioned above and shown
in our figures quoted, both females show a transverse groove (0 on
the sternum of 8, anterior to the vulvar lamina, and situated in both
at three-fourths the length of the sternite, measuring from its anterior
extremity to the same line o.
Neither the paratype of diadophis nor the female from
Cayuga is in perfect condition ; the former, ever since I re-
ceived it from the late Mr. McLachlan, has lacked segment
10 and the ahdominal appendages. \Yithont additional ma-
terial jt is not possible to decide whether these two females
are conspecific or not. All that I am able to say at present
is that they appear to be very near to each other on the basis
of structural characters, while differing in size and in details
of coloring.
Epigomphus subobtusus Selys. Cayuga, dark forest, April :.'.">,
T9 ; forest, May 3, i teneral 9 ; forest, i $ over stream, i teneral 9 ;
stream in dark forest, May 28, i $ , "oblique black and greenish blue
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 37
streaks on thorax. Abdomen black with fine yellow segmental lines;
a broak yellow mark before end" [/. c. on segment 7].
CORDULEGASTERINAE.
Cordulegaster godmani McLachlan. Furulha, forest, July 10,
i <5 i 9 "in cop."
AESHNINAE.
Anax amazili ( Burmeister). Cayuga, June 2, stormy night, at
light, 1 9; August 24, at light, 1 9.
In the key to the species of Ana.r in the Biologia volume,
page 176, I stated for ainazili "Superior frontal marking a
triangular black spot, no dark ring," by way of contrast with
j mi ins and walsinghami. In well-colored individuals there is
on each side, right and left, of the triangular black spot and
separated from it by a yellow line, a triangular blue spot, as
Hagen (1861, 1867), Brauer (1866) and Martin (1908) have
stated. Occasionally these two blue spots are not visible, as
in a Costa Rican female before me ; in other cases, as in the
Cayuga female of June 2, the blue has become a dark brown,
although the two spots are not united anteriorly and hence
form no ring as in juniits and walsinghami. Still my state-
ment of 1905, quoted above, is incomplete and hence a little
confusing. It may be bettered by inserting after "a triangular
black spot:" "usually with a separate triangular blue (some-
times brown) spot to right and left."
The capture of these two females at light is interesting.
Aeshna cornigera Brauer. Chejel, June 2fi, 1 $ , "almost entirely
black; some pale greenish markings on thorax laterally." Purulha,
forest, July 10, i $ , "f rons and base of abd. turquoise blue. Broad
green lateral oblique stripes on thorax. Fine broken green transverse
lines on abd." Antigua, 5500 feet, November 24, i $ , i 9 . Volcan
Santa Maria, November, i $ .
Aeshna multicolor jalapensis (Williamson). Santa Maria, 5.r>00
feet, June i:i, 1 $. Volcan Santa Maria, October 31, 1 9.
Aeshna virens Rambur. Cayuga, on veranda, September 5, I 9.
Gynacantha trifida Rambur. Cayuga, at dusk, April, 1 9 ; forest,
August 23, 1 9, and 27, 1 $.
Gynacantha septima Selys. Cayuga, at dusk, April, 1 $ ; forest,
September 1(5, 1 9. The male has the anal triangle 3-celled.
Gynacantha mexicana Selys. Cayuga, at dusk, June 3, 1917. 1 $.
Gynacantha tibiata Karsch. Cayuga, forest, August 30, 1 9.
38 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. |Keb.,'l()
Gynacantha gracilis Burmeister. Cayuga, forest, September 4,
] 9. This is the most northern locality for this species yet re-
corded; I have taken it also in Costa Rica, in the Banana River
country.*
EXPLANATION OF PLATE III.
Figs. 1-6, Erpeto-gomphus schausi n. sp., type $, Purulha, Guate-
mala, July 7. Figs, i, Dorsal, and 2, Right lateral views of the meso-
metathorax showing the color pattern, x 6.6. Figs. 3, Dorsal, and 6.
Left lateral, views of the apex of the abdomen, x 7. Fig. 4, Right
lateral view of penis and vesicle removed from the other genitalia of
the s-econd abdominal segment, inverted. Fig. 5, Right lateral view of
genitalia of the second abdominal segment, inverted, penis lying be-
tween the hamules of the right and left sides; all, anterior, and ph,
posterior, hamules ; Tp, vesicles of the penis, ah' , anterior hamule viewed
antero-laterally to show form of apex; am III, anterior margin of
abdominal segment 3. Figs. 4-5 x 14.3.
Figs. 7-9, Erpetogomphus diadophis Calvert, $ paratype, Texas.
Figs. 7, Dorsal, and 8, Right lateral views of meso-metathorax showing
the color pattern, x 6. Fig. 9, Sternite of abdominal segment 8 and
part of groove (</) on sternite of segment 9. x 12.
Figs. 10-12, Erpetogomphus diadophis ? ? Cayuga, Guatemala, Oct.
25. Figs. 10, Dorsal, and n, Right lateral views of meso-metathorax
showing the color pattern, x 6.5. Fig. 12, posterior part of abdominal
segment 8 and all of segment 9, ventral view, x 12.75.
In figs. 9 and 12: a, anterior of the two transverse impressions, and
t, transverse groove, cephalad of the vulvar lamina (r/) (see page 36) ;
g, semicircular groove on sternite of 9.
All these figures are based on camera lucida drawings, using a Zeiss
compound microscope with objective A (its lower lens off), and ocular
2 (figs. 4, 5, 9 and 12), or compensating ocular 2 (the remaining fig-
ures).
(To be continued)
Swarming of the Monarch Butterfly in Iowa (Lep.).
While driving along a country road three miles northwest of Vinton,
Iowa, on Sept. 8, 1918, a swarm of Monarch butterflies (Aiiosia plc.rip-
pus Linn.) attracted my attention. The immediate region is hilly, ouce
wooded, but now only small white oak groves scattered here and there
remind one of that fact. At least several hundred butterflies were in
this swarm, which, at the time of my observation, did not seem to be
moving in any particular direction. Some of the individuals were
flying about rather aimlessly a few feet above the ground, while others
had alighted on the leaves and branches of the white oak trees. The
observation was made at 6.10 P. M., and it is probable that the insects
were preparing to settle for the night. The weather was partly cloudy
and there was little or no breeze. — DAYTON STONER, State University
of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
* Calvert, A. S. & P. P. A Year of Costa Rican Natural History,
New York (Macmillan), pp. ::i5-3is. 1917.
Vol. XXX I ENTO.MOLO<;iCAL NEWS. 39
A New Genus and Species of Aphid (Hem., Horn.).
By H. F. WILSON, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis-
consin, and J. J. DAVIS, U. S. Bureau of Entomology,
\Y. Lafayette, Indiana.
Descriptions made from specimens collected on choke cherry
(Prunus serotina) at Portage and Madison, Wisconsin, dur-
ing June and July, 1916 and 1918, respectively. Found in
colonies at the tips of the twigs where the forms were noticed
in early June but no alate specimens could be found until
July 6. The sexual forms were also collected on Prunus,
September 8, 1912, at Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin. This
species is quite distinct from other species found on Prunus
spp. because of missing nectaries, although all the other
characters are typical of the genus Aphis.
ASIPHONAPHIS new genus.
Antennae with six segments and wing venation and cauda
as in Aphis. The character which makes it distinct from
Aphis is the lack of visible nectaries. The male as well as
the oviparous female is apterous.
Type : Asiphonaphis pritni n. sp.
Asiphonaphis pruni new species.
Apterous viviparous female. — General color whitish green with bands
of dark green, extending across the abdomen. There are about eight
distinct bands on the abdomen and two more or less indistinct marks
between the thoracic segments. The bands on the abdomen are en-
Jarged in the middle and at both ends. The enlarged areas in the
center are angular, while those on the ends are rounded. In the center
of each end spot a light spot can be seen which is the opening to the
spiracle. In the older individuals the central group of spots are more
or less confluent and form a longitudinal stripe extending the length
of the abdomen. The last three cross bands show a series of white
spots regularly placed either four or six in the first band and four in
last.
Antennae light at the base and dusky to black at the tip. Legs, ex-
cept the knees and tarsi, light colored. Antennae with six segments,
the spur of the sixth being slightly longer than the third. The apterous
forms producing the sexes in the fall usually have the third and fourth
antennal segments coalesced.
40 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
Prothorax with a large broad tubercle on each side and abdomen
with a series of smaller tubercles along each side.
Cauda curved upward and knobbed at the tip.
Measurements. — Length of body 2.5 mm. Length of antennal seg-
ments, III. 0.35 mm.; IV, 0.25 mm.; V, 0.25 mm.: VI, base, 0.166 mm.;
spur, 0.46 mm.
Alate viviparous female. — General color of antennae, head and
thorax, black. Abdomen light green, with darker green bands as in
the apterous female. Antennae and legs dusky to black except the
base of the antennae and the basal two-thirds of the tibiae.
Third antennal segment with numerous round sensoria of irregular
size and with a thick edge. Fourth segment with three to six or more
similar sensoria and fifth with none to two or three small ones besides
the usual large sensorium near the distal end.
Prothorax with a large wide tubercle on each side and a series of
unusually conspicuous tubercles and hairs along each side of the ab-
domen.
Wings with two cubital veins and the median vein with two forks
the terminal branch about one-third the distance from the tip to point
where the first branches. In several individuals at hand the second
cubital vein is also forked close to the edge of the wing. In the hind
wing it is not uncommon to find the median vein branched near its
base. The wing veins conspicuously brown.
Measurements. — Length of body, 2 mm. Length of antennal seg-
ments, III, 0.41 mm.; IV, 0.31 mm.; V, 0.27 mm.; VI, base, 0.18 mm.;
spur, 0.52 mm.
Apterous male. — Only apterous observed. Head blackish, thorax
dusky and abdomen yellowish and slightly dusky with three paler longi-
tudinal areas. Antennae black, legs dusky, cornicles and cauda con-
colorous with abdomen.
The spur of the sixth antennal segment nearly twice as long as the
third ; small sensoria on all, excepting the two basal segments, irregu-
larly placed and in numbers as follows : Third segment with none to
six, fourth with 8 to 19, fifth with 14 to 17, not including the usual
distal one, and base of segment six with none to 2, not including the
usual group at apex. Body bearing conspicuous tubercles along each
side as in other forms.
Measurements. — Length of body, 1.25 mm.; width, 0.51 mm. Length
of antennal segments, III, 0.19 mm.; IV, 0.14 mm.; V, 0.16 mm.; VI,
base, 0.09 mm. ; spur, 0.35 mm.
Cotypes in the collection of the U. S. National Museum and
the authors' collection.
Vol. XXX | ENTOMOLOCJCAL NEWS. 41
Neocorynura, a Genus of Halictine Bees (Hym.)»
By T. D. A. COCKERELL, Boulder, Colorado.
Schrottky proposed the name Neocorynura for Cacosoma
F. Smith, preoccupied. The species are very numerous in
Peru, and adjacent parts of Bolivia and Brazil ; but they also
extend as far north as Mexico, and the following form is to
be added to that fauna :
Neocorynura discolor knabiana subsp. n.
9. — Length about 8 mm., anterior wing 6.7 (true discolor 9 mm.,
wing 7.5 mm.) ; first abdominal segment reddish-black, brilliant green
at sides and base ; second segment with laterobasal corners bright
green; third with a green basal band, covered with white tomentum.
Antennae red at apex.
Cordoba, Yera Cruz, Mexico, January 20, 1908 (F. Knab),
U. S. Nat. Museum.
Differs from typical N. discolor, as described by Smith, and
again (from four examples collected by Salle) by Vachal. in
the green base of abdomen. The wings are greyish, with the
marginal cell and beyond broadly fuliginous. This is also very
near N. chloroc'wn (Yachal), but is easily separated by the
black face. It is also related to N. lign\'s (Yachal), which
Mr. Knab took at Cordoba on the same day.
The following key separates this from a series of Mexican
and Central American specimens now before me, and records
some new localities :
Abdomen elongated, distinctly clavifonn, segments 2 and 3 green at
base; males. (Cordova, Mexico, May 10, L. O. Hoivard)*,
X. chlorocion (Vachal)
Abdomen ordinary, or scarcely elongated; females i
1. First abdominal segment with very large coarse punctures; marginal
cell and beyond fuscous (Tabernilla, Canal Zone, Panama, July,
1907, Any. Busck) N. ciiprifrons (F. Smith)
First abdominal segment not thus punctured 2
2. Smaller; area of metathorax brilliant pale green,
A", discolor knabiana Ckll.
Larger; area of metathorax not thus green... Ar. liynys (Vachal)
* One of the N. chlorocion males carries two stylopids ; this adds a
genus to the list of those parasitized by Stylnpids. The Ar. chlorocion
have the wings appreciably dusky and the second abdominal segment
quite closely punctured, but they are surely this species, which was
originally recorded from Orizaba.
4-2 ENTOMOLOCK'Al, XK\VS. |l''eb.,j9
Probably one of tbese is Rhopalictus chalcozonia Sichel, of
which Sichel said that he had a series from Mexico, but lacked
time and space to describe it. Such time and space were never
found, so far as I can discover, and the name remains nude.
Halictits hoiiowi Ducke is the same as N. cicprifrons, as Ducke
himself stated. Smith, for no valid reason, described the in-
sect as a Mcgalopta, so Ducke's mistake is not surprising. I
have examined Smith's type.
From Chanchamayo, Peru (Rosenberg), the U. S. Nat.
Museum has specimens of N. lainptcr ( Vachal) and N. lepi-
dodcs (Yachal). The latter was described from Bolivia, and
is new to Peru. I have one from Mapiri, Bolivia, sent by
Schrottky.
— <»» • —
Notes on the Phylogeny of the Orthoptera.:::
By G. C. CRAMPTON, Ph.D.
Practically all of those investigators who have recently dis-
cussed the phylogeny of the Orthoptera, agree in deriving them
from Blattid-like ancestors. In a number of papers dealing
with a phylogenetic study of various structural features in in-
sects related to the Orthoptera, I have maintained that the
Plecoptera rather than the Blattidae are more like the ancestral
stock from which all of these forms are descended, and I
would briefly summarize the reason for so thinking in the fol-
lowing discussion.
The appended diagram is offered to aid in visualizing the re-
lationships of the different lines of descent here discussed ; but
it should be borne in mind that such a diagram should be rep-
resented in three dimensions rather than in one plane, if the
real relationships of the different groups are to be correctly
portrayed. Thus the three lines of descent depicted as though
clustering about the Blattids should be represented as though
springing off from the main stem at right angles to the plane
of the other groups, since these larger groups approach one
another from different angles, and the same holds true for
the various branches within a larger group ; but the diagram as
given will serve for all practical purposes.
The "Lepismoid" insects such as Lcpisma, Nicoletia, etc.,
(with which such forms as Afacliilis might be likewise includ-
*Contribution from the Entomological Laboratory of the Massachu-
setts Agricultural College, Amherst, Mass.
Vol. xxx
!•: N TOM ( ILOG1 CAL NEWS.
43
ed, although not belonging to the' same order) are anatomically
intermediate between the other Apterygota and the Pterygota,
and are therefore placed at the base of the stem. The fossil
Palaeodictyoptera seem to be very near the first winged in-
sects to be evolved, and are therefore placed a little above the
Lepismoid forms in the diagram. The Ephemerida are very
closely connected with the Palaeodictyoptera, and also ex-
hibit undoubted affinities with the Plecoptera, so that it is
extremely difficult to determine whether to group them with
the Palaeodictyoptera, or with the Plecoptera — or even in a
distinct group to which the strongly aberrant order Odonata
should be added. The Ephemerida are placed a little above
the Palaeodictyoptera, since they are among the most primi-
tive living winged insects known, (although in some features
GRYLLIDAE
"LOCUSTIDAE"
PHASMODIDAE
GRYLLOBLATTIDAE
ISOPTERA
MANTIDAE
BLATTIDAE
TRI DACTYL I DAE
ACRIDIDAE
PHASMIDAE
DERMAPTERA
EMBIIDAE
PLECOPTERA
EPHEMERIDA
PALAEODICTYOPTERA
LEPISMOIDEA
44 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb./IQ
they have become rather highly specialized), and it is to the
living forms that the following discussion is largely limited.
The Plecoptera appear to be a "synthetic" group combining
in themselves a number of features which are carried over in-
to the other lines of development by the more primitive rep-
resentatives of each group. The Lepismid-like head, the
primitive wings, thoracic sclerites and appendages (even the
trimerous tarsi may prove to be more primitive than the penta-
merous type) and the nature of the abdominal region with its
appendages, not to mention the primitive condition of the
nervous system, alimentary tract, and other internal struc-
tures, all point to the fact that the Plecoptera have departed
as little as any living forms from the probable ancestral con-
dition of the forebears of the higher groups, and the palaeon-
tological record is in full accord with this view. As is indi-
cated in the diagram, the Embiidae are extremely closely re-
lated to the Plecoptera, and the Dermaptera are closely re-
lated to both Embiids and Plecoptera, although they seem to
have somewhat more in common with the Embiids than with
the Plecoptera. These three orders, together with the
Coleoptera, constitute the superorder Panplecoptera. Certain
Palaeodictyoptera such as Stenodictya exhibit a number of
features which have been retained by certain members of the
superorder Panplecoptera, and it is quite possible that some
fossil forms such as the Haplopteroidea or Hadentomoidea
might be included in this superorder also ; but too little is
known of the structural details of most of these fossil insects
to enable us to definitely determine their closest affinities in
the present state of our knowledge of their anatomy — which
seems to be confined largely to wing-veins !
The P>lattidae are regarded by most investigators as the
lowest living representatives of the group to which they be-
long, and their type is undoubtedly an extremely ancient one ;
but I am by no means certain that the Blattidae are so much
more primitive (anatomically) than the Isoptera, as some
palaeontologists would have us believe. The opisthognathous
head, which is typical of the Blattids as a whole, is certainly
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 45
of a higher type than the more prognathous one found in many
Isoptera, and the great extent of the compound eyes upward
toward the top of the head, which occurs in so many Blattids
should also be regarded as a more highly specialized condition.
The thickening of the fore wings to form tegmina indicates
another specialized condition in the Blattids, as does the ex-
tremely flattened condition of the body developed in connection
with their hiding habits. The asymmetrical development of
the genitalia of the males and the asymmetry of the cerci (in
regard to the number of segments composing them) and other
similar features would indicate that the Blattids are somewhat
more modified than the Isoptera in some respects ; although in
others, the Blattids are much more primitive than the Isoptera.
The Isoptera have preserved a number of features occurring
in the more primitive members of the group to which the
Plecoptera belong, such as the nature of the thoracic sclerites,
etc., which suggest that the Isoptera are even closer than the
Blattids are, to the very primitive Plecopteroid group ; so that
if we are to regard the Plecoptera as the nearest living rep-
resentatives of the ancestors of the other groups under dis-
cussion, it might be argued that the Isoptera are near the an-
cestral type connecting the Blattoid group with the Plecop-
teroid group. I am as yet unwilling to go to this extreme,
however, since I regard the lower Blattids as more primitive
than the lower Isoptera, taking their anatomy as a whole. The
fossil Protoblattoidea as reconstructed by Handlirsch cer-
tainly show a marked resemblance to certain members of the
group to which the Plecoptera belong, as well as to the
Palaeodictyoptera, and it is quite probable that these Pro-
toblattoidea more nearly represent the ancestral type leading
back to the Plecoptera-like forebears than the Isoptera do,
particularly since the Isoptera are quite highly specialized in
regard to many features in which the Blattids are decidedly
primitive.
The Blattids and Mantids are extremely closely related, and
their lines of development soon merge in a common stock when
traced back toward their point of origin. Handlirsch would
4.6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb./IQ
derive the Mantids from Protoblattoid ancestors, and if this
be correct, it is very probable that the Blattids also are
descended from the same type of ancestor, and the Proto-
blattoids might be regarded as the forms connecting the Blat-
tids and Mantids with the ancestral Plecopteroid stock. The
Isopteron line of development does not follow that of the Blat-
tids quite as closely as the Mantids do, and I am not certain
whether the Isoptera branched off from the common Blattid-
Mantid stock at a point near the origin of this common stock,
or somewhere further along its path of development. There
is some reason for considering that the Isopteron line arose
rather near the base of this common stock, however, and I
would consider that the lack of fossil remains of Isoptera in
the earlier strata is again due to the incompleteness of the
palaeontological record rather than to the fact that the
Isoptera supposedly did not arise until a much later geolog-
ical period than the Blattids, as Handlirsch would maintain.
At any rate, the Isoptera have retained some very primitive
characters which occur among the lower representatives of the
Plecopteroid group, and their early or late geological appear-
ance cannot alter this fact ; so that the study of the ancestral
features occurring in the Isoptera and Mantids is extremely in-
structive for a phylogenetic comparison with the structures of
the Dermapteron and Embiid representatives of the Plecop-
teroid group, with which they have a surprisingly large num-
ber of features in common. The Isoptera, Mantidae and Blat-
tidae have been grouped in the superorder Panisoptera and it
is possible that the fossil Protoblattoidea belong in this super-
order also ; but I would not group the Corrodentia, Mallophaga
and Siphunculata with them, as Handlirsch seems to do. The
Corrodentia with the Neuroptera appear to be an offshoot of
the Plecopteroid stock leading toward the Hemipteron line of
development, and as has been pointed out in several papers, the
Corrodentia, Mallophaga, Siphunculata (Anoplura), Thysan-
optera, Hemiptera and their allies constitute the superorder
Patilioiuoptcra whose line of development parallels remarkably
closely that of the superorder Panneuroptera (composed of
the Neuroptera, Mecoptera, Diptera, Siphonaptera, Hymen-
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 47
optera, Trichoptera, Lepidoptera, and such fossil forms as the
Protomecoptera, etc.)- The relationships of these other forms,
however, have no bearing on the ancestry of the Orthoptera,
and need not be further considered here.
In making a study of the ancestry of the Orthopteroid in-
sects, the condition found in such primitive representatives of
the group as the Grylloblattids and Phasmids is fully as instruc-
tive as the study of the fossil Orthoptera thus far described,
since these fossil forms appear to be in many respects even
more highly modified than the Grylloblattids, etc., and one can
make out practically nothing of their anatomical details from
figures of them, due no doubt to their poor state of preserva-
tion, yet in most cases it is just these structural details which
give us the clue to relationships and greatly simplify an other-
wise extremely difficult study. On this account I have given
more attention to the study of the interesting little insect
Grvlloblatta camf>odeiforniis (described by Dr. E. M. Walker)
which is so to speak a ''living fossil" having preserved many
features occurring in the more primitive representatives of the
other lower groups of insects, and which appears to have de-
parted as little as any known form from the probable ances-
tral condition of the Orthoptera as a whole. No one insect,
however, has retained all of the ancestral feature's, and the
study of such primitive Phasmids as the interesting little in-
sect Tiiiicuni califoniica Scudder is no less important, since
it has preserved certain features which even Grylloblatta has
lost. Unfortunately both of these insects are wingless; but T
do not consider this a great handicap in such a study, since I
cannot help thinking that too great weight ha? been placed up-
on a phylogenetic study of the wing veins alone, and anyone
who will go into the matter at all deeply will soon become con-
vinced that it is only through an examination of a widely dif-
ferent series of structures from as many parts of the body as
possible, that we can come to an approximately correct con-
clusion in the matter of determi.iing the relationships of the
different orders of insects, so that it may perhaps be a good
idea to give the already overworked wing- venation a rest, and
take up the consideration of some other Features as well
48 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., 'iQ
Dr. Walker (Canadian Entomologist, Vol. xlvi, page 93),
has maintained that the line of development of Grylloblatta
should be traced back to the Blattids as the nearest living rep-
resentative of the ancestors from which the Grylloblattids
were derived, while I have contended that although Gryl-
loblatta exhibits undoubted affinities with such Hlattoid in-
sects as the Mantidae (and Isoptera also), the Kmbiids and
Dermaptera more nearly represent the ancestral stock from
which the Grylloblattids were descended.*
( To be continued. )
A Few Hours on Mt. Washington (Lepid.).
On July 31, 1918, I ascended Mt. Washington, on the carriage road,
to just beyond the five mile post. Below the Half-way House a short
distance, the first Argynnis montiiius was seen. A little farther on
the road they were fairly abundant, one appearing on the wing every
few minutes. They settled to feed on the flowers of Solidago I'irgaurea
Linn., a very pretty little species of goldenrod, and while so occupied,
could be caught, if approached carefully. Some specimens settled in
the road, but I did not see any on flowers other than the one men-
tioned. The specimens were all fresh and in fine condition. Dr. Scud-
der gives July I2th as the earliest date of their appearance and the
latest as September I5th. Some years ago I caught a number of speci-
mens on August 20th at the same locality, but they were not in as fine
condition. It is likely that they do not appear before the month of
July. Their life history is unknown and to elucidate it some days
should be spent on the mountain. I caught a number of females of the
species, but was not fortunate enough to find one ovipositing. Tt is not
unlikely that the female drops her eggs over the food plant as is the
habit in some other species of the genus. The collector would probably
always find the species on clear days during the time of its appearance.
In the afternoon, when the east side of the mountain was in the
shadow, I did not see any of the butterflies.
Plusia u-aurcum Guen. was quite abundant on the goldenrod and in
perfect condition. One female of Chinnobas scinidca was taken just
above the five mile post. This is probably a low altitude for it on the
mountain. This particular day was wonderfully clear and the views
superb, and it was a great pleasure to have good collecting and an inter-
esting tramp up the big hill. — HENRY SKINNER.
* Mr. A. N. Caudell has kindly permitted me to make a study of
specimens of Zoraptera (whose line of descent branches off near the
base of the Isopteron line), and an examination of this material would
indicate that the fairly even balance of characters in the Grylloblattids
between the superorders Panisoptera and Panplecoptera is made to
swing slightly nearer the Zoraptera and other Panisoptera, thus swing-
ing the base of the line of development of the Grylloblattids slightly
toward the side of the Zoraptera (with the Isoptera and Mantidae),
although the Grylloblattids are also very close to the Embiids and
Dermaptera. It is very probable that the genitalia of male Gryllo-
blattids will be found to resemble those of the Zoraptera remarkably
closely.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., FEBUARY, 1919.
Entomology at the Convocation Week Meetings.
When arrangements were first made in the Autumn of 1918
for the meetings of the American Association for the Advance-
ment of Science and Affiliated Societies at Baltimore, Decem-
ber 23 to 28, 1918, wartime conditions were such as to lead to
positive discouragement of any large attendance. With the
signing of the armistice, an increased interest was manifested
and several societies, which had decided to hold no sessions,
arranged scientific programs. Nevertheless the annual pro-
gram of the seventy-first meeting of the A. A. A. S. and of
the meetings of other societies is a slim pamphlet of but forty-
four pages in comparison with those of recent years. The
number of papers, which can be called entomological in any
sense, listed therein is but 64, and is much smaller than for
many years. Fifty-two of these appear on the program of the
American Association of Economic Entomologists, including
the Apicultural and Horticultural Inspection Sections. 6 on
the joint program of Section F, Zoology, of the A. A. A. S.,
and the American Society of Zoologists, 2 each on those of
the American Society of Naturalists and of the Ecological So-
ciety of America, i each on those of Section I, Social and
ti
Economic Science, A. A. A. S., and the School Garden Asso-
ciation.
The presidential address before the Economic Entomol-
ogists, by Dr. E. D. Ball, was on "Economic Entomology,—
Its Foundation and Future." Prof. Herbert Osborn, as retir-
ing Yice-President of Section F. spoke on "Zoological Aims
and Values." Dr. L. O. Howard ga\e a paper at the confer-
49
5O ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb./lQ
ence between Government and Laboratory Zoologists arranged
for the same section, and Prof. J. G. Needham led the discus-
sion following. Dr. Howard also spoke on "Economic Ento-
mology and the War" before Section I. The two papers with
entomological bearing given before the Ecological Society were
by H. C. Oberholser, "Ecological Investigations under the
Federal Government" and V. E. Shelford, "Suggestions as to
the Climograph of Deciduous Forest Invertebrates, as illus-
trated by Experimental Data on the Codling Moth." Not in-
cluded in the numbers given above were the papers presented
to the Optical Society of America on various optical apparatus,
of interest to entomologists.
Smokers for biologists, and dinners for the Naturalists and
Ecologists were held as usual.
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.
Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, how-
ever, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be recorded.
The numbers in Heavy- Faced Type refer to the journals, ae numbered
in the following list, in which the papers are published.
All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their
first installments.
The records of papers containing new species are all grouped at the
end of each Order of which they treat. Unless mentioned in the title,
the number of the new species occurring north of Mexico is given at
end of title, within brackets.
For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record,
Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied En-
tomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento-
mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B.
2 — Transactions of the American Entomological Society, Phila-
delphia. 4 — Canadian Entomologist, London, Can. 5— Psyche,
Cambridge, Mass. 7 — Annals of the Entomological Society of
America, Columbus, Ohio. 9 — The Entomologist, London. 11—
Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London. 12 — Journal
of Economic Entomology, Concord, N. H. 16 — The Lepidopterist,
Salem, Mass. 17 — Lepidoptera, Boston, Mass. 19— Bulletin of the
Brooklyn Entomological Society. 20 — Bulletin de la Societe Ento-
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL \ KWS. 51
mologique de France, Paris. 51 — Archiv fur Mikroskopische Ana-
tomic, Bonn. 54 — Proceedings of the Biological Society of Wash-
ington, D. C. 61 — Proceedings of the California Academy of Sci-
ences, San Francisco. 62 — Bulletin of the American Museum of
Natural History, New York. 63 — Memorias de la Sociedad Cuhana
de Historia Natural "Felipe Poey," Habana. 64 — Parasitology,
London. 65 — Archives des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles,
Geneve. 66 — Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. 67 — Le
Naturalise Canadian, Quebec. 68 — Science, Lancaster, Pa. 69—
Comptes Rendus, des Seances de I'Academie des Sciences, Paris.
70 — Journal of Morphology, Philadelphia. 71 — Novitates Zoologi-
cae, Tring, England. 72 — The Annals of Applied Biology, Lon-
don. 73 — Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales,
Sydney. 74 — Proceedings of the Staten Island Institute of Arts
and Sciences, New York. 75 — The Anatomical Record, Philadel-
phia. 76 — Nature, London.
GENERAL. Bentley, G. M.— Benefits to be derived from ob-
serving, collecting and studying insects (Tennessee State Board
of Entomology, Knoxville. Bull. No. 20). Cardin, P. G.— Notas
entomologicas. 63, iii, .53-01. F. A. D. — Nursing habits of ants and
termites. 76, cii, 308-9. Ellsworth, A. — The vastness of insect life.
17, ii, 92-4. Knab, F.— Obituary. 12, xi, 484-5. Mann, W. M.—
Myrmecophilous insects from Cuba. 5, xxv, 104-6. Swett & Cas-
sino — The White Mountains of New Hampshire. 16, ii, 90-6
(cont.). Woodward, C. W. — The pronunciation of insect names.
19, xiii, 122-3.
GENETICS. Nakahara, W. — Some observations on the grow-
ing oocytes of the stonefly, Perla immarginata, with special regard
to the origin and function of the nucleolar structures. 75, xv, 203-
15.
MEDICAL. King, W. V. — Memorandum on a case of derma'
myiasis caused by Lucilia sericata. (New Orleans Med. & Surg.
Journal, Ixxi, 106-8.).
ARACHNIDA AND MYRIAPODA. Brethes, J.— Nephila ri-
verai, nouvelle araignee argentine. 20, 1918, 216-18.
Chamberlin, R. V. — Myriopods from Okefenokee Swamp, Ga.,
and from Natchitoches Parish, La. [10 new]. 7, xi, 369-80. New
spiroboloid diplopods [7 n. sps.L 54, xxxi, 165-70.
NEUROPTERA. Banks, N.— Termites of Panama and British
Guiana. 62, xxxviii, fi.V.i-f.r. Dobson, R. J.— A European termite,
Reticulotermes lucifugus, in the vicinity of Boston. 5, xxv, 90-101
Howe, R. H. — Distributional imtcs on New England Odonata. II.
52 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., '19
5, xxv, 306-10. Kennedy, C. H.— The varieties of the dragonfly,
Agrion aequabile. 4, 1918, 406-11. Peacock, A. D. — The structure
of the mouthparts and mechanism of feeding in Pediculus humanus.
64, xi, 98-117. Stohr, R. P. — Odonates des environs de Saint Alex-
andre, Ironside, P. Q. 67, xiv, 81-5. Tillyard, R. J.--The structure
of the cubitus in the wings of' the [Australian] Myrmeleontidae.
73, xliii, 116-22. Whedon, A. D. — The comparative morphology
and possible adaptations of the abdomen in the Odonata. 2, xliv,
373-437.
ORTHOPTERA. Chopard, L.— Apropos des Cylindrachaeta,
genre de gryllides endophyte [S. Am.]. 20, 1918, 233-16. Cramp-
ton, G. C. — The thoracic sclerites of the grasshopper Dissosteira
Carolina. 7, xi, 347-68. Dusham, E. H. — The wax glands of the
cockroach (Blatta germanica). 70, xxxi, 563-81.
HEMIPTERA. Ball, E. D.— The phlepsids of Mexico and Cent
Am. (Cicadellinae). 7, xi, 381-9:2. Becker, G. G. — Empoasca mali
attacks man. 5, xxv, 101. Fracker, S. B. — The Alydinae of the
U. S. 7, xi, 255-82. Green, E. E.— A list of Coccidae affecting
various genera of plants. 72, v, 143-56. Olsen. C. E. — Xotes on
some Cicadellinae in the U. S. Nat. Museum. 19, xiii, 119-21.
Parshley, H. M. — Three sps. of Anasa injurious in the north. 12,
xi, 471-2. Taylor, L. H. — The thoracic sclerites of Hemiptera and
Heteroptera. 7, xi, 225-54. Weiss & Dickerson — The life-history
and early stages of Corythucha parshleyi. 4, 1918, 401-6. Weiss
& Nicolay — The life history and early stages of Calophya nigri-
pennis. 12, xi, 467-70.
Knight, H. H. — Interesting n. sps. of Miridae . . . with a note
on Orthocephalus mutabilis [7 new]. 19, xiii, 111-16. Van Duzee,
E. P. — New species of H., chiefly from California [many new]. 61,
viii, 271-308.
LEPIDOPTERA. Bonniwell, J. G.--Arachnis zuni. 16, ii, 85.
Davidson, W. M. — The California pistol-case bearer (Coleophora
sacramenta). 12, xi, 446-53. Hampson, G. F. — Some small families
of the L. which are not included in the key to the families in the
catalogue of Lepidoptera Phalaenae. 71, xxv, 366-94. Mosher, E.
— Pupae of common Sphingidae of eastern No. Am. 7, xi, 403-4:..
Pictet, A. — Sur 1'origine du dimorphisme sexuel de coloration chez
les lepidopteres. Intervention de 1'elevation de la temperature
pour provoquer 1'eclosion des papillons. 65, xlvi, Suppl. 17-:.".',
32-34. Prout, L. B. — A provisional arrangement of the Dioptidae.
71, xxv, 395-429. Reiff, W. — Colias philodice, f. nigrofasciata. 17,
ii, 90-1. Swett, L. W. — A new geometric!. 16, ii, S2-4.
\ol.XXX I ENTOMOLOGICAL MiWS. 53
Cassino, S. E. — A new form of Cataloca [Catocala] blandula.
Catocala faustina f. rul>ra. 16, ii. 81-2; 84-5. Grinnell, F. — Some
variations in the genus Vanessa [3 new]. 5, xxv, 110-15.
DIPTERA. Cameron, A. E.— The oviposition habit of Gastro-
philus nasalis. 68, xlix, 2(5. Davis, W. T.— The Tabanidae of Sta-
ten Island, N. V. -74, vi, 201-:;. Johnson, C. W. — Notes on the
species of the genus Dioctria. 5, xxv, 102-'.}. Morris, H. M. — The
larval and pupal stages of Scatopse notata. 72, v, 102-111. Pra-
shad, B. — Larval and pupal stages of an Indian Chaoborus and
Dixa. 66, xv, 153-8. Roubaud, E. — Rythmes physiologiques et vol
spontane chez FAnopheles maculipennis. 69, 1018, 967-9. Royer,
M.— Note sur la ponte d'Anopheles maculipennis. 20, 1918, 211-1.'?.
Aldrich, J. M. — The kelp-flies of N. Am. (Fucellia, Anthomyii-
dae), [4 new]. 61, viii, 157-179. Malloch, J. R. — Three new North
Am. Chloropidae. 19, xiii, 108-11. Petley, F. W. — A revision of the
genus Sciara of the family Mycetophilidae [2:28]. 7, xi, 319-46.
COLEOPTERA. Davis, A. C.— Notes on Pleocoma (II). 19,
xiii, 116-18. Denier, P. — Sur le genre Picnoseus (Meloidae) [S.
Am.]. 20, 1918, 208-10. Kraatz, W. C,— Scirtes tibialis, with ob-
servations on its life history (Dascylidae). 7, xi, 393-402. Leng,
C. W. — Some beetles of a Staten Island garden. 74, vi, 204-9.
Woods, W. C. — The alimentary canal of the larva of Altica bimar-
ginata. 7, xi, 283-318.
Blatchley, W. S. — Some new or scarce C. from western and
southern Florida [3 new]. 4, 1918, 41(5-24. Wolcott, A. B.— Notes
on Cleridae [2 n. gen.]. 19, xiii, 107-8.
HYMENOPTERA. Buchner, P.— Vergleichende eistudien I.
Die akzessorischen kerne des hymenoptereneies. 51, xci, Abt. 2,
1-202. Cockerell, T. D. A. — Descriptions and records of bees
[Alex.]. 11, ii, 470-82. Bees from British Guiana. 62, xxxviii,
085-90. Howard, L. O. — Two new instances of polyembryony
among the Encyrtidae. 68, xlix, 43-4.
Beutenmuller, W. — Two new Cynipidac. 19, xiii, 118-19. Brad-
ley., J. C. — Descriptions [of :> new sps.j and records of some inter-
esting parasitic H. mostly collected ... in Tompkins County,
N. Y. 19, xiii, 98-10(5. Cockerell, T. D. A. — Some halictine bees
[2 new]. 9, 1918, 2(11-2.
A COLLECTOR'S MAX UAL ix SPANISH. — That very energetic worker,
Prof. Carlos E. Porter, Director of the Museum and Laboratory of
Applied Zoology, etc., at Santiago, Chile, has recently published a
54 K\T().\iMi,<)<;i</Ai, NEWS. |. Feb. ,'19
compact, comprehensive and well illustrated manual entitled "Breves
Instrucciones para la Recoleccion, Conservacion y Envio de Ejemplares
de Historia Natural Para los Museos." In this manual he includes
illustrations and instructions covering virtually the whole animal king-
dom, and adds seven pages on botany and nine on geology. The portion
on Entomology is full and well illustrated. This is evidently a third
edition of this useful book, the previous editions having been published
in 1901 and 1903.
We have nothing just like this in English, although the U. S. National
Museum has published several pamphlets giving directions for collect-
ing and preserving different groups. The bringing of all this material
together might be advisable, since many people could use such a work.
Evidently Professor Porter has found that his manual is of value in
South America, as is shown by the necessity for publishing three
editions. — L. O. HOWARD, Washington, D. C.
INJURIOUS INSECTS AND USEFUL BTRDS. SUCCESSFUL CONTROL OF
FARM PESTS. By F. L. WASHBURN, M.A., Prof, of Entomology, Univ.
of Minn. ; Entomologist to the Minn. Exper. Station, and State Ento-
mologist; Fellow of A. A. A. S., Member Amer. Assoc. Econ. Ent. ;
Ent. Soc. Amer., Am. Soc. Naturalists, etc. 414 illustrations in text
and four colored plates. J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia and
London. — Prof. Washburn states that the suggestions in his book are
largely the results of twenty-one years of work in Economic Ento-
mology. The book is intended for the use of high schools, agricultural
colleges, farmers, orchardists, vegetable growers, owners of gardens
and housekeepers. The questions at the ends of chapters are useful,
and in addition to the usual chapters on insects injurious to vegetation
there are chapters on insects affecting man and the household ; insects
and insect-like animals attacking stock and poultry. A very valuable
feature is the chapter on the relations of birds to agriculture, which is
illustrated by the useful birds. The work closes with the chapter on
some of the four-footed pests of the farm. This is an all-round good
book and we can heartilv recommend it. — HENRY SKINNER.
WASP STUDIES AFIELD. By PHIL RAU and NELLIE RAU. with an Intro-
duction by WILLIAM M. WHEELER. Princeton University Press.
1918. Price $2.00.
We take pleasure in helping to introduce this mightily interesting
book. The authors are well known to students of animal behavior for
their accuracy in depicting the life and ways of insects. The fact that
Prof. Wheeler gives the introduction vouches for the scientific im-
portance of the work. The subject, with one or two exceptions, is the
Vol. xxx I ENTOMOLOGICAL :• :
habits of the wasps that build their nest-; in burrow-. Mow they go
about this, how they provide food fur their youn.tr, how they find their
well-concealed nest again, are all described in the most interesting
manner. Marvelous instances of place memory, < of instinct.
are mentioned, also ingenious experin on the hominc:
the common paper-nest wasp. The book is the result of four years'
out-of-door study, generally within a radius of thirty miles of St. Louis,
of these wasps "in their natural haunts while pursuing their occupat'
in their own ways." One of the most interesting chapter-, is that on
"Some Bembicine Wasps," in which are described the nesting an<l social
habits of the western burrowing ; Bembix nubilipennis. The pe-
culiar nuptial or sun dance is vividly pictured in words. A colon \
these wasps nested year after year in a bald and bare space in a field
which the boys of the neighborhood kept packed hard in pursuit of
their weekly baseball game. Even though suddenly interrupted in
their sun dance or nest building, the wasps returned at the first oppor-
tunity. How the mother attends the nest and her young until it-
maturity, and other minute details in the habits of this wasp are men-
tioned, showing close and patient observation. The chapter on pom-
pilid wasps, especially ' as regards fiunpiloidcs tropicus, is
less interesting. Here are described the peculiar methods of carrying
the prey, erratic actions during excavation of the burrow-, and the
constant guard against parasites. The patience of tin ol servers is
somewhat realized when reading this chapter, especially that part
relating to the tantalizing actions of Priocnemis pompilius. Other
chapters describing the habits of some fly-catching wasps, bee-killing
wasps, the muddaubers which build their mud nests in the gables and
on the rafters of our buildings, wood-boring wasps, the sand-loving
ammophila, and the mining eumenid wasps, are all of absorbing inter-
est. The nesting habits of the bun; • ; lera in the genera
Alysoti, Tachysphcx, and particularly I'rlououyx atratnin and thoi
are minutely described. Here is told how the cow-bird was]), .V;
iiiiiciiictus, watches thoinac make and .supply her nest and, when it is
sealed and camouflaged, burrous down <! thomae's egg and lays
her own. In the last chapter, on general considerations, the authors
comment on the evidences deduced from their observations. They si
that "the data secured give evidence of four very definite attitudes
[types?] of behavior: I. That there are very definite and iron-clad
instincts. 2. That, despite these instincts, which arc constant in each
species, there is much variation in the behavior of t'
3. That there is a display of the expresoon of emotions in
tures. 4. That, in many instances, there is much aptitude for i
display of memory, profiting \>: <• perience and wh..
tioiial conduct." — E. T. Cri . Ju.
56 ENTOMUUIGICAI, NliVVS. | Feb. ,'19
Doings of Societies.
Entomological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia.
'Meeting of September 26th, 1918, Director Philip Laurent presiding;
eleven persons present.
Orthoptera. — Mr. Rehn made a few remarks on the discovery of
a new Asiatic species of a hitherto exclusively North American genus
of Decticinae (Tettigoniidae), the comments illustrated by a series of
all the known species of the genus.
Lepidoptera. — Dr. Skinner reported that he secured a good col-
lection of Ar</ynnis inontiiuis in the White Mountains this summer.
Mr. Baylis exhibited a specimen of Catocala hcrodlas, captured at
Lakehurst, New Jersey, this summer, also several specimens of
Chlonpfe clyton bred from larvae taken along the Perkiomen Creek
near Philadelphia. — E. T. CRESSON, JR., Recorder.
American Entomological Society.
Meeting of April 25, 1918, in the hall of the Academy of Natural
Sciences of Philadelphia. Twelve persons present including Dr.
Edwin C. Van Dyke, of the Pacific Coast Entomological Society,
visitor. Dr. Henry Skinner presided.
Coleoptera. — Dr. Van Dyke made an interesting communication
on the general character, habits, distribution, relationship and taxonomic
history of the family Elateridae. He discussed and described some
of the characters upon which present students are basing their classi-
fication in correlation with larval characters, showing some of the
faults of the older system. He called attention to specialized charac-
ters of protection and adaptation, also to others which show an affinity
to, or parallelism with, the Lampyridae. He then took up some of
the more important genera, giving general characteristics and distri-
bution, leading into more detailed discussions of those of North
America. He divided our fauna into genera of northern, southern,
and of isolated origins, and explained the reason for the relationships
of some widely separated species. The family is considered very
primitive, which, to some extent, accounts for their similarity in
general habitus. The work of Schwarz in the Genera J iiscctontin was
severely criticized as not being of the constructive character as that of
Leconte, Horn and Candeze. He commended the work of Hyslop in
his investigations into the characters of the larvae. The speaker made
special mention of the genus Cardiophorus and discussed in some
details some of its peculiar characters. In answer to questions arising
in the discussion following his communication, I >r. Van Dyke took
up in more detail the origin and general distribution of the coleoptera
Vol. xxx I KNTOMOUH;IC\I. XKWS. 57
of North America, especially in regard to the Glacial, Ozarkan and
Sonoran zones of dispersal.
Mr. Rehn spoke of similar zonal dispersion in some orthopteran
genera.
Dr. Calvert brought up the question as to the origin and relation-
ships of the Elateridae and Lampyridae, to which Dr. Van Dyke re-
plied that they were evidently very close; probably of the same origin
with more or less parallelism in their development of certain characters.
Both families are considered by most authors as being of the most
primitive of the coleoptera.
Mr. Rehn illustrated the error in considering species as widely
spread over certain areas while, in fact, if more detailed collecting
was done and more detailed data given as to locality, altitude, and
environment, it would be found that such species are more or less
restricted, with distribution following only a well-defined, connected
life zone.
Meeting of June 10, 1918, in the same hall, Dr. Henry Skinner,
President, in the chair. Sixteen persons present including Messrs.
Passell and Kline, visitors.
The custodian announced the following donations to the collection :
two specimens Tabanus fusco-punctaius from Florida, from G. M.
Greene; twenty species Crane flies and larvae in alcohol, from C. P.
Alexander; 300 microscopic slides of the male genitalia of the genus
Lycacna (Lepidoptera) and the insects from which the segments
were taken, from R. C. Williams, Jr.
Orthoptera. — Mr. Rehn exhibited the series of the Acridid genus
sicrniiria from the Hebard collection, all the known forms being rep-
resented by large series. The speaker also made some comments on
the relationship and distribution of the species, followed by discus-
sion on the distribution of insects in general by Messrs. Calvert,
Skinner and Williams.
Coleoptera. — Mr. Laurent exhibited specimens of Hylotnifcs ba-
jitlns Lee., and the destructive work the larvae had done in a pine
board. The speaker cited a case at Anglesea, New Jersey, where the
larvae of this beetle had honeycombed the yellow pine flooring of a
house to such an extent that it was necessary to lay an entire new
floor.
Lepidoptera. — Dr. Skinner reported .-llypia octomaculata as abun-
dant here this year and swarming in New York.
The following were elected to membership: Messrs. Arthur H.
Napier, Geo. M. Greene and J. Wagener Green. — R. C. WILLIAMS, JR.,
Recording Secretary.
58 EXTO.MOI.MCICAI, \K\VS. [Feb.,'i(j
Feldman Collecting Social.
Meeting of September i8th, 1918, at the home of H. W. Wenzel,
5614. Stewart Street, Philadelphia; ten members present. President
H. W. Wenzel in the chair.
Lepidoptera. — Air. Haimbach mentioned Eucosina adctinantaiia Gn.,
a species described from Lapland and never seen again from that time
until rediscovered by Air. Daecke in New Jersey sixty years later. Said
he had gone to Lucaston on September 12 and, though it was the
proper time and he worked over the ground for six hours, he was
unable to get a single specimen. Also said he has bred thousands of
Callosamia promcthca Dm. and this year was about to liberate
several specimens when he noticed an odd form which proved to be
the aberration caeca described from a unique female from Xew York
by Cockerell in Packard's Monograph of the Bombycine Moths of
North America III, p. 228, 1914, and the type presented to the United
States National Museum.
Coleoptera. — Dr. Castle said his annual trip to Maryland was a
complete failure though he had gone a week later than usual. All
species which were generally common were not found at all. Exhibited
specimens of Popillia japonica Newm., the Japanese pest, which he had
gotten at Riverton, New Jersey, IX-I, saying they will eat anything,
that boys are paid to gather them and bring them in by the quart.
Diptera. — Mr. Hornig recorded a species of mosquito, as new to
this vicinity, Acdcs currici Coquillett, from the northwest, and found
here under the same conditions and in the same place with the swamp
mosquito. — GEO. M. GREENE. Sec'y.
OBITUARY.
VICTOR ARTHUR ERICH DAECKE.
In the NEWS for December last we briefly announced the
death of our fellow member of the Advisory Committee at
Richmond Hill, Long Island, New York, on October 28, 1918.
Thanks to the kindness of his sister, Mrs. Jenny Schwensen,
of that town, we are able to give some data on his early
life.
E. Daecke, as his autograph appears on letters of the past
year, was born at Scharnikan, in the province of Posen, Ger-
many, March 28, 1863, and was the son of Julius and Augusta
Daecke. Most of his early years were spent in I'romberg,
Germany, where he attended the Gymnasium and the Real
Yi.'l. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL XKWS. 59
Gymnasium. From his early childhood he was a serious lo\er
of nature and of art, the latter interest influenced, no doubt,
by a visit through Italy, as a youth.
He came to the United States in 1881 and lived at Mont-
clair, New Jersey, Richmond Hill and Xew York City, before
coming to Philadelphia about 1900. He applied his artistic-
ability in various lines, being at one time artist with the United
States Printing Company, at Brooklyn, and at the time of our
first acquaintance with him was connected with the Philadel-
phia Press as an illustrator. .He soon became known to the
Philadelphia entomologists and apparently the first record of
his speaking at the Feldman Collecting Social is that given in
the NEWS for December, 1900, (page 642). At the October
meeting of that year, he gave the results of some collecting at
Castle Rock, Pennsylvania, and Manumuskin, New Jersey.
He was nominated for membership on the same evening, his
residence being given as 1709 Chestnut Street, and elected
at the following November meeting. On November 22, 1900,
he became an Associate of the Entomological Section of the
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and thereafter
scarcely a volume of the NEWS does not contain, under the
heading of "Doings of Societies," some records of his collect-
ing activities in New Jersey or Pennsylvania.
In 1907-08 he suffered from a long illness, but after his re-
covery removed to Harrisburg to become an assistant in the
Pennsylvania State Department of Zoology, under Professors
H. A. Surface and J. G. Sanders, a position which he held
until his death. On October 27, 1910, he was elected a mem-
ber of the Advisory Committee of the NEWS.
He was a charter member of the Entomological Society of
America and a member of the American Association for the
Advancement of Science since 1907-08. He became a member
of the New York Entomological Society previous to his re-
moval to Philadelphia and in 1895 \\as Chairman of its Publi-
cation Committee.
Mr. Daecke was a most enthusiastic and careful collector.
devoting himself to the local fauna wherever he might be.
He gathered insects of all orders and paid much attention to
60 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Feb., '19
their early stages, life histories and habits. In the early years
at Philadelphia he did much with the Odonata, as a paper
in the NEWS for January, 1903, indicates, a notable discovery
of his in this order being that of Tclagrion? dacckii at
Manumuskin ; nor did he ever neglect them, as a note in our
issue for last July (page 2/8) evidences. Later the Tabanidae
especially attracted his energies and he prepared the list of
species of this family for the 1909 report on the Insects of
New Jersey. In this report. Prof. John B. Smith wrote of
him : "An excellent general collector whose expeditions into
South Jersey have produced a large number of most useful
records in almost all orders." Many of his associates are
indebted to him for valuable material and he unquestionably
did much in the way of accumulating positive data on geo-
graphical distribution. The writer especially will greatly miss
his kindly aid extending over nearly twenty years.
His nephew, Mr. Erich E. Lehsten, of New York City,
writes of him : "Mr. Daecke was always exceedingly self-
contained ; very rarely discussing his private affairs with any-
one ; doing all the good he could ; giving those with whom he
came in contact every assistance in his power, and, to the best
of my knowledge, has never injured anyone." He never mar-
ried, but was a great lover of children.
He contributed the following papers to the NEWS. To bring
together his collecting records contained in volumes XI-XXIX
is a task of some considerable extent which, we believe, has
not been attempted.
Notes on Priona[>tcr\.\- ncbnlifcra Steph. Vol. XVI, pp. 12-14, P'- ''
and text figure. January, 1905. [Lepid.l
Two new species of Diptera from New Jersey, t. c. pp. 249-251, text
figs. October, 1905. [Chrysops bistellatus, amazon.]
On the Eye-Coloration of the Genus Chrysops. Vol. XVTI, pp. 39-42,
1>1. i. Feb., 1906. [Dipt.l
Mydas fuh'ifrons. Illiger. t. c., p. 347. Nov., 1906. [Dipt.]
Annotated List of the Species of Chrysops occurring in New Jersey,
and Descriptions of two New Species. Vol. XVI11, pp. 139-146, pi.
vi, text figures April, 1907. [C. pcinntlus and hind new.]
Trypetid Galls and Hnrosla ctsa n. sp. Vol. XXI, pp. 341-343, pi- x.
Oct., 1910. [Dipt.; the new species named for his niece, Elsa Schwen-
sen]. Til ii. IP P. CALVERT.
List of Colcoptcra of North America
BY CHARLES W. LENG
A complete list of described species, varieties, subspecies,
and synonyms, with page reference to work in which each was
originally described, and general distribution of each.
Also a complete list of all works containing original de-
scriptions of .North American species from 1758 to the end of
1918, and complete list of the fossil species of North America
by Professor H. F. Wickham.
Price, unbound, including delivery, $5.50 ; printed on one
side only, $7.00.
Payment in advance is requested to assist in financing pub-
lication. It will be necessary to advance the price upon pub-
lication.
Less than 200 subscriptions have so far
been received. There should be 500 in
hand before publication.
Please send your subscription at once to
the publisher.
JOHN D. SHERMAN, JR
24 CLAREMONT AVENUE
MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK
NEW ARRIVALS
u
From Columbia, So. America :
OVER 10,000 BUTTERFLIES, INCLUDING
Morpho cypris Morpho amathonte
stilkowskyi Caligo spp.
From Cuba :
1500 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
Papilio columbus Urania boisduvali
andraemon Erinyis guttalaris
celadon Protoparce brontes, etc.
devilliersi
u
II
From Venezuela :
Over 5000 Lepidoptera
200 Dynastes hercules
From New Guinea
2000 Coleoptera
200 Orthoptera
From Assam, India :
1200 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
Papilio arcturus Kallima inachis
philoxenus Brahmaea wallachi
And Many Other Showy Species
U
From Tibet (Bhutan)
Armandia lidderdalii Parnassius hardwicki
CATALOGUES OF
ENTOMOLOGICAL SUPPLIES AND SPECIMENS
ON APPLICATION
If interested kindly send your list of desiderata for further information to
THE KNY-SCHEERER CORPORATION
Department of Natural Science New York
G. Lagai, Ph.D. 404-410 W. 27th Street
MARCH, 1919.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
Vol. XXX. No. 3
M
Thaddeu-- William Harris
1795-1856.
PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Editor.
E. T. CRESSON, JR., Associate Editor.
HENRY SKINNER, M.D., Sc.D., Editor Emeritus.
ADVISORY COMMITTEE:
EZRA T. CRESSON, J. A. G. REHN,
S'HILIP I-AURENT, GEORGE M. GREENE, H. W. WHNZEL.
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ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
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ENT. NEWS, Vol. XXX.
Plate IV.
4
v
M
EPIPSILIA MONOCHROMATEA.-HOOKER.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
AND
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
'
VOL. XXX.
MARCH, 1919.
No. 3-
CONTENTS:
Hooker — Notes on the Life History of
Epipsilia monochromatea Morr.
(Lepid., Noctuidae) 61
Crampton — Notes on the Phylogeny of
the Orthoptera 64
Calvert— Odonata Anisoptera from
Guatemala 72
Hebatd— Remarks on the Species as-
signed to Cavotettix Hancock, a
Synonym of Neotettix Hancock
(Orthopt., Acrididae, Acrydiinae) 78
Davis — An Entomologist's Handbook 82
Editorial— The Next International En-
tomological Congress 83
The Jubilee of the Canadian Entomo-
logist 83
An Appeal from Belgium 84
Entomological Literature 85
Doings of Societies — Feldman Collect-
ing Social (Coleop., Orthop., Dip.) 88
Obituary— Benjamin Hayes Smith 88
Notes on the Life History of Epipsilia monochromatea
Morr. (Lepid., Noctuidae).1
By HENRY D. HOOKER, JR., Ph.D.
(Plate IV.)
In the course of some work on Droscra rotundifolia during
the summer of 1915, Droscra plants collected from Beaver
Swamp in the city of New Haven, Connecticut, were found
to be attacked by the larva of a noctuid moth, which is as far as
I know the only insect that eats with impunity this insectivor-
ous plant.2 The larvae collected in the early part of July
were not more than 3 millimeters long and were readily caught
and eaten by the Droscra plant when brought in contact with
the secreting glands of the tentacles. However, the larva
1 Contribution from the Osborn Botanical Laboratory, Yale Uni-
versity, New Haven, Connecticut.
2 H. D. Hooker, Jr., 1916. Physiological enervations on Drosera
rotundifolia. Bull. Torrey Club 43 : pp. 4, 5.
61
62 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., 'iQ
avoids this clanger by crawling up the under or abaxial side
of the leaf petiole and by attacking the leaf from beneath.
When young the larva is pale and feeds on the tips of un-
folded leaves and on the central bud. As it grows older it be-
comes greenish and eats mature leaves, invariably approach-
ing them from the under side. When larvae were placed on
the upper or adaxial side of the petiole, they immediately
crawled around to the opposite side. This was found to be
due to the presence of epidermal hairs on the adaxial surface
of the petiole. The abaxial surface of the petiole and the
under side of the leaf blade are free from these hairs.
The following summer, 1916, it was accidentally discovered
that when the larvae reached a length of about 15 mm. they
changed their diet, giving up Droscra for the cranberry, Vac-
chihnn iiiacrocarpon.
The mature larva is 16 mm. long when extended. 12 mm. long when
contracted and 2 mm. thick. It is reddish brown on the back and
pale yellow-green toward the front on the ventral surface. There is
a well developed white dorsal stripe between two parallel black lines.
On either side there are three more dark lines. The head is shiny and
very dark honey yellow in color. The true legs are of the same color
PS the h??d. b'it i"ot shiny. There are four pairs of transparent false
legs, that are dark at the tip. The anal prolegs are of the same color
as the dorsal side.
A single mature larva was obtained, which was taken care
of and reared by Dr. W. E. Britton at the Connecticut Agri-
cultural Experiment Station in New Haven. The larva pu-
pated between March T and 20. 1917. and a male moth emerg-
ed May 8, 1917. It was identified by Dr. William Barnes as
Bpipsilia monochromatea Morr.3 This form was originally
described by Morrison4 as Agrotls tnonochrotnatea, and is listed
as Pachnobia monochromatea Morr. by Dyar and Smith.6 It
3 W. Barnes and J. McDunnough, 1917. Check list of the Lepidoptera
of North America, No. 1475. Decatur.
4 H. K. Morrison, 1874. Description of new Noctuidae. Proc. Bos.
Soc. Nat. Hist. 17. p. 165.
5 H. G. Dyar, 1902. A list of North American Lepidoptera, p. 131,
Washington.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 63
has been reported from Massachusetts,7 Durham. New Hamp-
shire,8 and Canada.9 The first specimen discovered in Con-
necticut was collected in New Haven, May 24, 1910, by Mr.
B. H. Walden. of the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment
Station. This specimen was a female. Subsequently a mature
larva was found in some sphagnum collected by Professor G.
E. Nichols in Beaver Swamp in April, iQi8. Mr. Walden
found a pupa in the same swamp April 29, 1918; the adult
emerged May 25, 1918. Detailed descriptions of the moth are
given by Morrison,10 Smith11 and Hampson.12 Morrison de-
scribes the form as follows.
The expanse of wings measures 32 mm. The male antennae are very
strongly bipectinate. The collar, thorax and anterior wings are uni-
formly reddish brown. All the lines and spots are obsolete, except the
two median lines, which are dark, broad, outwardly curved and sub-
parallel. The posterior wings are brownish fuscous, with yellow
fringes.
The life history of Epipsilca monochromatea may be out-
lined as follows. The eggs are laid and hatch out in June
or July. The young larvae feed on Drosera until August, and
then live on cranberry. The mature larvae pass the winter in
Sphagnum, pupate in April and the moth emerges in May.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV.
Fig. I. Young larvae feeding on Drosera rotnudifolia. Photographed
by Professor G. E. Nichols, x i.
Fig. 2. Mature larva contracted. Photographed by Mr. B. H.
Walden. x i.
Fig. 3. Mature larva on Sphagnum. Photographed by Mr. B. H.
Walden. x i.
Fig. 4. Pupa. Photographed by Mr. B. H. Walden. x I.
Fig. 5. Posterior hooks of pupa. Photographed by Mr. B. TI.
Walden. x 5.
Fig. 6. Adult $ . Photographed by Mr. B. H. Walden. x 2.
6 J. B. Smith, 1893. A catalogue of the species of moths of the
Lepidopterous superfamily Noctuidae found in boreal North America,
p. 62. Washington.
7 H. K. Morrison, he. cit.
8 G. F. Hampson, 1903. Catalogue of the Noctuidae in the collection
of the British Museum Vol. TV, p. 483. London.
9 A specimen was collected by Dr. Fletcher in Canada.
10 H. K. Morrison, loc. cit.
11 J. B. Smith. 1890 Revision of the species of the genus .-It/rotis.
Bull. No. 38 U. S. Nat. Mus. p. 55.
12 G. F. Hampson, loc. cit.
64 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., 'iQ
Notes on the Phylogeny of the Orthoptera.*
By G. C. CRAMPTON, Ph.D.
(Continued from page 48.)
Structures which are of but little importance to the life of
the organism, are not greatly affected by natural selection ( or
by use and disuse, if these are factors in evolution) and are
among the least-varying structures within an order or super-
order of insects. It is just these structures, however, which
are of the utmost phylogenetic importance, since their reten-
tion is almost wholly due to heredity alone, and on this ac-
count I would lay much greater stress upon the evidence af-
forded by such structures than upon those which are of greater
value in the struggle for existence (and hence subject to its
modifications), yet vary a great deal even within the same order
of insects. Such structures which furnish very serviceable
clews as to the interrelationships of the orders of insects are
the cervical sclerites or neck plates, which are remarkably
constant within an order, or even superorder of insects, and I
have therefore laid greater stress upon the character of the
cervical and prothoracic sclerites than upon any other one set
of structures, although unless supported by the evidence
drawn from many other sources as well, the evidence afforded
by these structures alone would be wholly inadequate — as is
true of any one set of structures taken alone.
In Vol. 28 (p. 393) of Ent. News for 1917, it was shown
that the lateral neck and prothoracic sclerites of Grylloblotta
are astonishingly like those of the Embiids, even in regard to
the minutest details — and the resemblance cannot therefore be
attributed to a mere convergence (parallelism) in develop-
ment. Such a resemblance in these unimportant and little-
varying structures can only mean that these types of sclerites
were inherited froir a common ancestry. While the antennae
may vary considerably within an order, or even family of in-
sects, the remarkable resemblance (even in the matter of the
relative lengths of the segments, etc.) between the antennae
* Contribution from the Entomological Laboratory of the Massachu-
setts Agricultural College, Amherst, Mass.
Vol. xxx ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 65
of Grylloblatta and Euibia major Imms adds further sup-
port to the contention that the Grylloblattids are quite closely
related to the Embiids, as was pointed out in the June, 1917,
issue of The Canadian Entomologist (page 213).
In Ent. News, Vol. 26, page 337, attention was called to the
resemblance of the tergal thoracic plates of Grylloblatta to
those of the Dermapterous representative? of the superorder to
which the Embiids also belong, and the lateral thoracic sclerites
of the Grylloblattids are very like those of the Embiids, al-
though it must be admitted that the lateral thoracic sclerites
of Grylloblatta are also quite like those of the Isoptera, and
the ventral thoracic plates resemble those of the Zoraptera
and Mantids as much as those of any other insects.
The legs of Grylloblatta are quite like those of the Blattids
(and Zoraptera) ; but I fail to find any other marked Blattid
features in the Grylloblattids — although the investigations
of Dr. Walker (who is at present working upon the anatomical
details of the recently discovered males of Grylloblatta) may
bring to light other Blattid-like characters in the Grylloblattids.
The cerci of Grylloblatta are very like those of certain Plecop-
tera in regard to the relative lengths of the component seg-
ments, etc., as was pointed out in a paper published in Vol.
25 of the Journal of the New York Ent. Society (page 225),
and I also find a marked resemblance between the cerci of
Grylloblatta and those of the immature Dermaptera, such
as "D\scrihna" longisctosa, Diplatys, Karschlclla and other
earwings in which the forceps of the adult are preceded by
segmented cerci in the nymphal stages. On the other hand,
Ihe cerci of Grylloblatta also resemble those of the Man-
tids to some extent. The ovipositor of Grylloblatta could
easily be derived from the type found in certain Dermaptera
such as Hchinosotna; but on the whole, the ovipositor of
Grylloblatta is more like that of certain Mantidae.
From the foregoing discussion, it is evident that Grylloblatta
resembles the Panplecoptera in regard to the least-varying
structures, while in regard to its body as a whole (with the ex-
ception of the body contour and its slender nature in which it
66 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '19
is strongly similar to the Embiids and Dermaptera) the re-
semblances are fairly evenly divided between the Panplecoptera
and the Pandictyoptera. Grylloblatta has many features in
common with the Embiids, Dermaptera, Isoptera, Zoraptera
and Mantids, and fewer in common with the Blattids and
Plecoptera, so that the choice which we make as to what
forms more nearly represent the ancestors of the Grylloblattids
depends upon what structures we consider the most important
for a phylogenetic study. From my own studies of a rather
wide range of anatomical structures, I would be more inclined
to regard the neck and prothoracic sclerites as the most de-
pendable features, and taking the evidence as a whole, I have
become convinced that Grylloblattids arose from a Plecopteroid
stock* ( Panplecoptera) rather than from a Blattoid stock
(Panisoptera), although it is quite evident that the Grylloblat-
tids branched off from the Plecopteroid stock very near the
point at which the Blattoid lines of development likewise
branched off from the same Plecopteroid stock, as indicated in
the diagram (page 43).
While much attention has been paid to Grylloblatta as the
most primitive represent? tive of the Orthopteroid group, it
must be borne in mind that all of the evidence of relationship
must be considered from every available source, and in this
connection it would be a very grave error to slight the evi-
dences of relationship presented by that other very primitive
Orthopteroid insect Tiincma calif ornica Scud., (a small wing-
less Phasmid), since Timciua has preserved certain features
which even Grylloblatta has lost. Tiinenia, like Grylloblatta, is
wingless in both sexes, and anyone who will compare Timema
and Grylloblatta with the wingless females of the Embiids or
Dermaptera will certainly concede that the general appearance
of the body is very much more similar in these insects than is
the case when one compares the Grylloblattids with the average
wingless Blattid or Mantid (or even with the Isoptera, for
that matter). Again, while the tarsi of Grylloblatta are five-
jointed and the legs arc quite like those of the Blattids, the
*See footnote, page 48.
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 6/
tarsi of Timema, on the other hand, are but three-jointed, and
the legs are extremely similar to those of the Plecopteroid in-
sects, so that in this respect Timema is as strongly Plecopteroid
as Grylloblatta is Blattoid ! The head and its appendages in
Timema are more like these structures in the Plecopteroid in-
sects, as is markedly true of the neck and prothoracic sclerites.
I find a strong suggestion of the pronouncedly demarked in-
tersegmental region in front of both the meso- and metathorax
in Timema, and since to my knowledge, this condition occurs
elsewhere only in such Plecopteroid insects as the Embiids and
Plecoptera, I think that it is a very important feature in de-
termining the ultimate affinities of Timema! The terminal ab-
dominal structures (exclusive of the rather aberrant genitalia
of the male) of Timciua are strongly suggestive of Dermap-
teron affinities — such for example as the flattened cerci com-
posed of a single segment and bearing mesal prong-like pro-
jections, the projecting epiproct (eleventh tergite) and the
dorso-ventrally flattened paraprocts (or plates on either side of
the anus) .which are quite similar in both Dermaptera and
Timema as may be readily seen by comparing the figures of
these structures shown in a paper published in Vol. 13 (page
49) of the Bulletin of the Brooklyn Ent. Soc. for June, 1918.
Although the ovipositor of Timema is more like that of the
Blattids and Mantids, it could have been derived from the type
of ovipositor present in such Dermaptera as Echinosoma as
well, so that the fact that most of the Panplecoptera have
not developed (or preserved) an ovipositor would not stand in
the way of deriving the Orthopteroid insects from ancestors
resembling the Panplecoptera, since some Panplecoptera, at
least (Echinosoma, etc.), have an ovipositor — and then, too,
all of the Orthopteroid insects have not preserved an oviposi-
tor either, since the Gryllotalpids, for example, have none.
From the foregoing discussion, it is apparent that Timema
is much more like the members of the group Panplecoptera
(and the Dermaptera in particular) than it is like the mem-
bers of the group Pandictyoptera. That I am not alone in
this view is evident from the following passage from Mr.
68 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '19
Caudell's paper on the North American Phasmidae (Proc. U.
S. Nat. Museum, Vol. 26, p. 884) in which he says "This
species (Tiinema calif ornlca} apparently represents a step in
the transition from the Phasmidae to the Forficulidae. The
forcipal cerci of the males, ventrally attached legs, short, broad
head, and especially the short, stout legs with the three- jointed
tarsi, indicate a relation to the earwigs. As Phasmids these
creatures are certainly anomalies, having in one instance at
least, been mistaken for a species of Perlid larvae." Handlirsch
himself must have been struck with the resemblance of the
Orthopteroid insects to the Dermaptera, since he attempts to
derive the latter insects from the former, although it is as-
tonishing that he should seek to reverse the evolutionary se-
quence and derive the Dermaptera from the Gr\llidac — which
is just about on a par with the recent sensational attempt of
an English writer to prove that apes are descended from men!
The .only reason Handlirsch gives for thus arbitrarily discard-
ing all of the evidence of comparative anatomy, embryology,
etc., which clearly show that the Dermaptera are more primi-
tive than, and are doubtless "ancestral" to* the Orthoptera
in question, is that the known fossil remains of these Orthoptera
geologically antedate those of the fossil Dermaptera thus far
discovered. Handlirsch makes no allowance for the fact that
when the geological formations have been more thoroughly ex-
plored it will undoubtedly be found that Dermapterous in-
sects occur m these earlier strata also, and it is this calmly
ignoring the evidence of comparative anatomy and embryology
that has led him into all sorts of absurdities, such as attempt-
ing to derive the winged insects directly from Trilobites (which
are not even in the direct line of descent of the Insecta) with-
out reference to the anatomically primitive Apterygota (such
as the Protura, etc.), which he is inclined to regard as de-
generate winged insects! It may be an indication of the trend
*In stating that the Dermaptera are "ancestral to" the Orthoptera in
question, it is merely meant that they have departed hut little •from the
condition which was prohahly characteristic of the ancestors of the
Orthoptera in question.
Vol. XXXJ ENTOMor.oC.irAT. XF.WS 69
of the times that so many of our most learned physicists,
psychologists, and others, have accepted with blind faith, the
revelations of the spiritualist ''mediums," but I must confess
that I am still old-fashioned enough to be astonished at the
ready acceptance that even the most revolutionary ideas of
Handlirsch have met with at the hands of such eminent geol-
ogists and paleontologists as Schuchert, Lull and others who
seem to see nothing at all remarkable in the view that winged
insects were derived directly from Trilobites !
When it comes to the discussion of the lines of descent of
the saltatorial Orthoptera, however, I would more nearly agree
with Handlirsch in his conception of the interrelationships of
these insects. The Gryllidae (with the Gryllotalpids, etc.),
are undoubtedly very closely related to the Tettigoniidae (for-
merly called "Locustidae") and their allies, while the Tridac-
tylidae seem to be quite closely related to the so-called Acri-
didae and their allies. In certain respects, the Tridactylidae
occupy a position intermediate between the Acrididae and the
Gryllidae, but their line of descent parallels that of the Acri-
didae quite closely. I formerly proposed that the Acrididae
(and Tridactylidae) with their allies constitute an order of in-
sects distinct from that composed of the Locustidae and Gryl-
lidae with their allies ; but this is largely a matter of individual
opinion depending upon the value one places upon structural
differences.
With regard to the relationship of the saltatorial Orthop-
teroid insects to their more primitive allies, it would appear
that such primitive "Locustoid" insects as PJwsinodes are
very like Grylloblatta in many respects, and their line of de-
scent has been represented as though quite near that of the
Grylloblattids in the diagram. 1 find many evidences of a
rather close relationship between the Oecanthidae and the Gryl-
loblattidae, however, and it is very difficult to determine from
the evidence available whether the Grylloblattidae are more
closely related to the "Locustidae" or to the Gryllidae. Dr.
Walker has contended that the Grylloblattids and Locustids are
the more closely related, and a further study of the more primi-
/O ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS | Mar., 'iQ
tive "Locustids" may indicate that his view is the correct one;
but, since the Gryllid and ''Locustid" lines of descent very
quickly merge in a common ancestry, in tracing them back to
the common stem forms from which the saltatorial Orthoptera
arose, it is rather difficult to say which of the two lines is the
more closely related to Grylloblatta, and until all of the avail-'
able evidence has been brought forward, it is preferable to
suspend judgment in the matter.
I have maintained that the line of development of the
Acrididae is closer than that of the Locustid-gryllid group to
the Phasmid line of development (of which the Phylliidae are
an offshoot), and the recent work of Turner, 1916, on the
breeding habits of the Orthoptera (Vol. 9, page 117, of the
Annals of the Ent. Soc. of America) would seem to support
this view. Handlirsch considers that the Phasmids are con-
nected by the fossil Chresmodidae with the fossil Elcanid fore-
bears of the Tridactylids ; but I do not think that such highly
specialized Orthopteroid insects as the Elcanidae and their
saltatorial allies can be regarded as ancestral to the much more
primitive Phasmid Timcma, whose structural features clearly
point to a Panplecopterous ancestry ; and the relationship of
the lines of descent of these insects as shown in the diagram
is more in harmony with the evidence of comparative anatomy.
So far as I can judge from the description of these insects,
the fossil Elcanidae, Locustopsidae and Chresmodidae should
doubtless be included in the superorder Panorthoptera, of
which the Phasmidae, Acrididae, "Locustidae," Gryllidae, Gryl-
loblattidae and their allies, form a part. The Thysanoptera,
which Handlirsch would group with these insects, seem to
have closer affinities with the insects descended from Psocid-
like forebears (superorder Panhomoptera), and the Dermap-
tera (including the Hemimeridae or "Diploglossata," which
are true Dermaptera and are not a distinct branch of the
Gryllid stock as Handlirsch seems to think) are undoubtedly
more closely related to the other members of the superordc-r
Panplecoptera, instead of being more closely related to the
Gryllid stock, as Handlirsch would have us believe.
Vol. XXXJ EXTO.MorjHilCAL NEWS "\
Since Handlirsch's views are so widely accepted, I would
briefly summarize the differences between bis grouping and
derivation of the different lines of descent of the lower winged
insects, and that here proposed. Aside from the great differ-
ence between Handlirsch's idea of the direct origin of winged
insects from Trilobites t while I would derive winged insects
from Apterygota, which, with their relatives the Symphyla,
are descended from Crustacea related to Bathynclla and the
Isopoda) the principal points wherein the method of grouping
and deriving the lines of descent of the lower winged insects
as here proposed, differs from that of Handlirsch as given in
his book "Die Fossilen Insekten," may be stated as follows. 1
would gather the Plecoptera, Embiids, Dermaptera, and their
allies in an ancestral group, instead of scattering them, as
Handlirsch does in his diagram. Handlirsch regards the
Dermaptera as an offshoot of the saltatorial Orthoptera in-
stead of placing them in the ancestral superorder Panplecoptera
as is here proposed, and he also represents the Diploglossata
(Hemimeridae) as a distinct offshoot of the saltatorial Orthop-
tera, while in reality the Hemimeridae are Dermaptera and
should be grouped with them in the superorder Panplecoptera.
Handlirsch regards the Phasmids as an offshoot of the salta-
torial Orthoptera, while I regard them as nearer the ancestors
of these Orthoptera, and I would derive the whole Orthopteroid
stock from Panplecopterous forebears — although this Orthop-
teroid stock branched off very near the point of origin of the
Blattoid stock. Handlirsch regards the Thysanoptera as an
offshoot of the saltatorial Orthopteroid stock, related to the
Dermaptera, while I place the Thysanoptera together with the
Corrodentia, Mallophaga and Pediculidae (all of which Hand-
lirsch derives from the Blattidae) in a superorder with the
Hemiptera (i. e. in the superorder Panhomoptera ) , and I con-
sider that this superorder arose at the base of the Neuropteroid
group, to which all of them are very closely related. They,
with the Neuropteroids, are descended from Plecopteroid (not
Blattoid) forebears, and the Hymenoptera arose from the base
of the Neuropteroid stock also, and are therefore to be traced
72 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., 'n,i
back to Plecopteroid forebears rather than to Mantoid ances-
tors as Handlirsch considers to be the case. I place the
Coleoptera in the group Panplecoptera, next to the Dermap-
teron line of descent, thus differing from Handlirsch who
would derive the Coleoptera from the Protoblattoidea. There
are many other points of difference, especially in the grouping
and derivation of the higher insects ; but these will be taken
up under the discussion of the phylogeny of the other groups
of insects, in a series of papers dealing with each group in
detail.
Odonata Anisoptera from Guatemala
Collected by Messrs. William Schaus and John T. Barnes.
By PHILIP P. CALVERT, University of Pennsylvania, Philadel-
phia, Pa.
(Continued from page 38.)
LlBELLULINAE.
Libellula foliata (Kirby). Purulha, 5500 feet, June .30, 1 $ ,
"body orange brown, costal margins orange," 1 $ , swampy road.
Guatemala City, July 1, 1 $.
These three specimens are younger than those described in
the Biologia volume and by Ris, in the Cat. Coll. Zool. Selys,
the males having the frons and vertex pale ochre, the female
pale greenish brown, both sexes with the labrum orange yel-
low. In the male from Guatemala City the genital lobe has a
posterior process or lobe similar to that figured for Brechmo-
rhoga postlobata ( Proc. California Acad. Sci. 3d Ser. Zool. I,
pi. xxv) but even more distinctly developed. I find no other
differentials correlated with the presence of this process so,
in spite of the precedent set by naming this Brcchuwrhoga,
do not consider this male worthy of a separate name, at least
until additional similar specimens come to hand.
Libellula herculea Karsch. Chejel, 3100 feet, June :->(>, 1 <J , "at
same place as spec. 1. Thorax laterally and below whitish lilacine.
Abdomen above deep crimson."
Pseudoleon superbus (Hagen). Zacapa, June 30, 1 $. Sanarate,
November 21, I $, 1 9. Escuintla, railway track, July 7, 1 $.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 73
Uracis imbuta (Burmeister). Cayuga, forest, May 27, "very dry
just now," 1 9 ; edge of forest near half dried stream, May 2H. 1
pruinose $, "head and body grey-blue"; forest, November 19,
1917, 1 9. Quirigua, 500 feet, pine woods, February 17, 1 9 ; Feb-
ruary 18, i $ ; February 24, i $ ; forest, March, 3 9 . Escuintla,
April, 1 9.
Uracis fastigiata (Burmeister). Escuintla, May. 1917, 1 $.
Tholymis citrina Hagen. Cayuga, January 25, I'.)lf>, dusk, 1 9,
"flew into house"; September 2, 1917. veranda. 1 9.
Micrathyria didyma didyma (Selys) Ris. Cayuga, forest: June
10, 1 9 ; August 25, 1 $ , 1 9 ; September 4, 1 $ .
Micrathyria aequalis (Hagen). Cayuga, August 25, 1 9 on
veranda.
Orthemis ferruginea (Fabricius). Cayuga, at light: Atarch 7, 1
teneral 9 ; April 3, 1 teneral 9 ; August 12, 1 $ (adult) ; September
20, 1 $ , "abdomen purple."
Cannaphila insularis funerea (Carpenter) Ris. Cayuga, April
20, i teneral $ a, 2 $ b; Cayuga, Rio Xegro trail, forest, April
30, 2 $ a; trail behind Cayuga, forest ridge, dry, May 17, 1915,
i $ , i 9 b ; Cayuga, forest, May 27, i 9 b, "abdomen above golden
brown with black segmental lines" ; June 5, i $ b : in forest, June 20, i
9 a, "body fuscous; pale dorsal yellowish line interrupted seg-
mentally; a similar short lateral streak at base of abdomen: oblique
pale greenish streaks on thorax." Escuintla, July 7, 1 96.
This is the Cannaphila angustipennis ( Rambur) of the Bio-
logia volume, page 241, a name which Dr. Ris has shown to be
untenable on account of the priority of angustipennis Stephens,
a homonym. The letters a and b are employed in the above
list of specimens as in the Biologia to indicate specimens with
entirely yellow labium (a) or with the labium more or less
marked with black (&). It would seem that this difference in
labial coloring has no geographical, seasonal or ontogenetic sig-
nificance.
Cannaphila vibex (Hagen). Tactic, July 30, 1 $. Escuintla,
May, 1917, 1 9-
Anatya normalis Calvert. Cayuga, April 21, 1 <? ; forest. August
31, 1 (5 , 1 9, both teneral; September, 1 £.
Erythrodiplax funerea (Hagen). Gualan, August, 1 $. Caballo
Blanco, August, 1 teneral $. Polochic River, July 25, 1 $. Pu-
rulhn, October, 1 9 . Iguana, open marsh country, August 24, 1
adult $.
74 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '19
Erythrodiplax umbrata (Linnaeus). Iguana, open marsh, Aug-
ust 24, 1 $. Quirigua, February 8, 1 teneral $ ; open country,
March 3, 1 $ not fully colored, the dark band on the wings smoky
brown instead of pale ochraceous, ill-defined, much narrower at
the hind margin than at the costa.
Erythrodiplax ochracea ochracea (Burmeister) Ris. Cayuga:
forest, March 29, 1 teneral $ ; April, 1 $ ;May 19, 1 $ ; near
stream in bananas, May 28, 1 $', "thorax black; abdomen reddish
purple; base of wings rich brown"; 1 9, "thorax greenish yellow
shaded with brown above, abdomen black with yellowish streaks
on each segment; base of wings orange brown"; August, 1917,
1 teneral $ . Quirigua, 1 teneral $ .
Erythrodiplax connata fusca (Rambur) Ris. Cayuga, May 1,
1916, 1 9, "at light, 2 a. m., quiet night," abd. 16, hind wing 20,
pter. f. w. 2.5 mm.; stream in bananas, May 28, 1 $ , "thorax, base
of abdomen and base of wings dark brown, abdomen lilacine,
terminally black," abd. 20, hind wing 22.5, pter. f. w. 3.5 mm., the
brown at base of hind wings not quite attaining triangle; October
27, 1 9, 16, 20 and 2.5 mm.; bananas, October 29, 1 teneral $, 17,
22, 2.5 mm., I $ , 16, 20, 2.5 mm. Montufar, November, 1917, I $ , 16,
20, 2.5 mm. Iguana, open marsh, August 24, 3$, 16.5-18, 19.5-22,
2.5-3 mm. All of these specimens fall under the section Hrythrodiplax
connata. e, Biologia, pages 259, 261. The measurements and other data
here given may aid in the ultimate elucidation of this variable species.
Dythemis velox Hagen. Cayuga, forest, September 4, 1 $ .
Gualan, August, i $ . Joaquina, April 28, I 9 .
Brechmorhoga vivax Calvert. Che j el, June, 2 $ , one having in
the posttriangular field, hind wings, three single cells, then two
rows, hence "as in B. nubccula.
Brechmorhoga praecox praecox (Hagen) Ris. Escuintla, forest
stream, July 12, 1 $ .
Brechmorhoga pertinax pertinax (Hagen) Ris. Purulha, June
27, i $ ; forest stream, July 7, i 9 . This is B. pertinax, a, of the
Biologia, page 284.
Brechmorhoga rapax crocosema Ris. Chejel, June 18, 1 9 .
"markings greenish blue, spot on abdomen orange;" June 17, I <J ;
August, i 9 . This is the Guatemalan-Costa Rica form of rapax of the
Biologia, page 285, not of the original type form of rapax which is
Venezuelan.
Brechmorhoga inequiunguis (Calvert). Escuintla, July 6, 1 9 .
Dr. Ris (Cat. Coll. Zool. Selys, fasc. ix, p. 34, 1909; fasc.
xv, pp. 868, 870, 1913), defining the genera on a somewhat
different basis, has referred this species to Macrotlicinis, as I
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL XK\VS 75
originally did, and placed it as a subspecies of M. tcsscllata
(Burm.). I have not restudied the questions involved.
Macrothemis pseudimitans Calvert. Escuintla, July (>, 1 $ ',
track, August 8. 1 $ , "eyes, shoulders and dorsum lilac."
Macrothemis hemichlora ( Burmeister). Quirigua, March, 1 <J ,
1 9, the latter "railway track." Caballo Blanco, August, L 9.
Mazatenango, November 30, 1 9.
Macrothemis inacuta Calvert. Zacapa, June .30, 1 <$ , 1 9 ; July
20, 1 $.
Tramea cophysa Hagen. Cayuga, at light: September 10, 1 9 ;
October 11, 1 $ ; November 15, 1917, 1 9. The October male is
of the "longicauda, var?" of the Biologia, page 303, which, follow-
ing Dr. Ris, I place here.
Perithemis domitia (Drury). In listing this material I have fol-
lowed the order of the Biologia volume and have given data on the
individual specimens, believing such will be useful in later studies
of this protean species.
P. domitia form domitia (Drury) ? Cayuga, February 2, 1918,
1 $ : front wings, internal triangle 2-(right) or 3-(left) celled,
three posttriangular rows begin at the level of separation of Rj
from Ml + 3: all wings uncolored from base to nodus posterior to
subcostal space, yellow for whole width from nodus to apex and
in subcostal space from base to nodus. Cayuga, Rio Negro trail,
forest, April 30, 1 9; front wings, internal triangle 2-(left), 3-
(right) celled, discoidal triangle 2-celled (right), free (left), three
posttriangular rows begin at the level of separation of R.J from
Ml + 3; discoidal triangles, hind wings, free; all wings orange from
base to apex for entire width, a little paler toward hind margin on
front wings.
P. domitia form iris (Hagen), i. 4 $ unlabeled as to locality or
date.
P. domitia form iris (Hagen), ii. Gualan, November 4, 3 <J ,
1 of them with discoidal triangle 2-celled, all wings, internal tri-
angle free (right), 2-celled (left).
P. domitia form iris (Hagen), ii or iii. Cayuga, bananas, Octo-
ber 29, 1 $ .
P. domitia form mooma (Kirby). Cayuga: open hill top, June 4,
1 $ : August, 1 9 : September 27, close to house, 1 9 : October :.'::,
house, 1 9. Caballo Blanco, August, 1 9. The male, of course,
might equally well be referred to form iris. iii.
Rhodopygia hinei Calvert. Oneida, March 1, 1917, 1 9.
The female of this specks has not been described, where-
fore the following:
/6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '10
Vertex and frons ochre brown, clypeus and occiput paler, more
yellowish. Lips yellow, a tendency toward orange in the free margin
of the labrum. Rear of the head and bases of the mandibles pale
greenish.
Prothorax obscure yellowish, inclining toward ochre in the middle
lobe. Thorax brownish yellow, darker on the mesepisterna, which
in addition to the long hairs bear numerous closely-set brown spinules.
Abdomen brownish yellow, perhaps even golden yellow in life, more
robust than in R. hollandi 9-, the only species of this genus of which
a female is available for comparison, compressed and evidently partly
distorted. Vulvar lamina reaching to one-fifth the length of the lateral
margin of 9, flattened on to the sternum thereof so that it is impossible
to state its angle of projection, bilobed in its distal half by a semi-
circular emargination whose width is a little greater than its depth
and is subequal to one-fourth of the basal width of the whole lamina.
Appendages concolorous, longer than 10, a little shorter than 9, rather
stout, very acute at apex.
Legs brownish yellow becoming darker distally on the tibiae and
tarsi, the third tarsal joint almost black; spines on the legs black.
Wings hyaline, front wings very pale yellow at base, almost impos-
sible to say where this color ceases but hardly visible distad of the
level of the arculus ; hind wings a slightly deeper yellow at base, also
gradually fading out at the level of the triangle and at about two cells
posterior to the level of the hind end of the ash-colored membranule.
Stigma pale brownish yellow. Front wings with 19 antenodals, I3R,
I4L postnodals, 2 rows of cells between Rs — Rspl a maximum of 3
rows in the anal field proximal to the triangle. Hind wings with
I4R, isL antenodals, 15 postnodals, i row (with I double cell) R, 2
rows L between Rs — Rspl, 4-3 rows between A3 and the hind mar-
gin at the level of the triangle.
Abdomen 33, hind wing 43.5, costal edge of stigma of front wing
4.5 mm.
I refer this individual to hind because of its robust abdomen
and the presence, in three of the four wings, of two rows of
cells between the subnodal sector (Ry). and the supplementary
sector next below (Rspl).
In this connection, I may remark that the size of the
pterostigma and very venational characters which Dr. Ris
has commented on in his descriptions of R: Jwllandi and R.
chloris (Cat. Coll. Zool. Selys, Libell. fasc. xiii, pp. 610-612,
1911) lead me to think that it is his chloris which is the same
form as that which I described previously as hollandi, and that
Vol. XXX ] KXTOMOLOC.ICAL XF,\VS 77
his hollandi requires a new name. As far as I can judge the
anterior lamina of the true hollandi and of chloris is less prom-
inent than in his hollandi, "Dinikcl braun" is rather too dark
for the basal spot of the hind wing of true hollandi.
Having written Dr. Ris to this effect, he has replied (i5, ix,
1918):
"Rhodopygia hollandi as described by myself from Surinam shows
evidently some slight differences from your type of Matto Grosso. Be-
sides the specimens recorded in the main text of Lib. [;'. c. Cat. Coll.
Selys cit.] there are three more mentioned in the appendix from the
Williamson collection. No doubt Mr. Williamson will send you his
specimens for inspection. From these my Rh. chloris is evidently differ-
ent and seems more closely allied to cardinalis than to them."
Mr. Williamson has kindly lent me two males from British
Guiana, Tumatumari and Georgetown, respectively, both bear-
ing Dr. Ris' own identification label "Rhodopygia Hollandi."
An examination of them does not incline me to change my
opinion as to their difference from the typical hollandi as ex-
pressed above. On comparing them with two paratypes of
hollandi Calvert (Demerara i $ , Cuvaba i $ ), now in the
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, I find that they
have
One row of cells between Rs (subnodal sector Selys) and Rspl
(supplementary sector next below) on all the wings (two rows in true
hollandi) ; costal edge of the stigma, front wings, 3.25-3.5 mm. (4 mm.
in true hollandi) ; the apex or posterior angle of the external branch of
the hamule less acute than in typical hollandi, when the hamtile is view-
ed in profile so that both external and internal brandies are visible at
once (as in fig. 54, pi. IX, Biol. C. A. Neur., which does not exaggerate
the acuteness of this apex) ; first femur blackish anteriorly for the
whole length (reddish brown in typical hollandi'), first tibia blackish
both above and below (pale reddish or pale reddish yellow in typical
hollandi), second legs blackish on femur and tibia near their articula-
tion (not so in typical hollandi) ; coloring at the bases of the front
and hind wings a darker brown, but of the same extent as in typical
hollandi. Abd. 32, hind wing 35-36 mm.
Whether hollandi Ris varies into hollandi Calvert can only
be determined by fuller series of specimens.
Sympetrum illotum virgula (Selys). Yolcan Santa Maria: Oc-
tober 22, i<5, "abdomen crimson;" October 31, i £ and i pair "in "
78 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar.. '19
(5500 feet) ; November i, i$. Antigua, 5500 feet, November 24, i <$ .
In none of these males does the yellow of the front wings extend con-
tinuously to the nodus where each, however, has a small yellow cloud ;
the blackish basal streak in the subcostal space of the hind wings
reaches to the level of the arculus in those of October 22 and November
24 ; in the other two and in the two females it stops at the first anteno-
dal or but slightly distad. The female of October 31 has the basal yel-
low confined to a very narrow border around the blackish basal streaks
and a mere trace of yellow at the nodus, in that of November i the
yellow in the subcostal space fades out just beyond the level of the
triangle, but the nodal cloud is distinct.
Erythemis attala (Selys). Cayuga, edge of forest in bananas,
June 20, i $ , "body brown black, 4 large paired yellow spots on ab-
domen dorsally." Quirigua, forest, September 16, i 9 .
Lepthemis vesiculosa (Fabricius). Cayuga, August, 1 $ , "emer-
ald green and black."
Remarks on the Species assigned to Cavotettix Han-
cock, a Synonym of Neotettix Hancock (Orthop-
tera, Acrididae, Acrydiinae.)
By MORGAN HEBARD, Philadelphia, Pa.
In the month of November, 1918, there appeared a paper
by Dr. J. L. Hancock in the ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, in which a
new genus and two new species were described. As one of the
species described by Rehn and Hebard in 1916, as a member
of the genus Ncotetti.r, was assigned to this new genus, the
author's interest was at once aroused as to the reason for such
generic reassignment.
In order to weigh carefully the features in the problem to
be considered, the very large series of Ncotetti.r feiiwratns
(Scudder) and Ncotetti.r boltcri Hancock, in the Philadelphia
collections, have been examined and compared with the mater-
ial at hand referable to the species assigned to Coi'otetti.r by
Hancock. From these studies we are satisfied that Cavotettix
Hancock must fall as a synonym of Ncotetti.r Hancock.
Taking Hancock's description of Cat'otctti.r, we find that
the majority of the features, given as diagnostic for that genus,
are those resultant from the retention of an immature pronotal
Vol. XXXJ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 79
type in the adult condition. These are : ''the body apterous or
subapterous the tectate dorsum, with the median carina
of the pronotum, compressed-cristate the broad scapular
area at the sides of the pronotum ; the lateral lobes of the pro-
notum bearing but one deep and angular excavate sinus, the
superior tegminal sinus being vestigial or entirely obliterated ;
the tegmina either absent or rudimentary, normally covered
from view." These are of no more generic value than similar
features shown by species of the genus Acr\diinn, showing the
retention of an immature pronotal type in the adult condition.1
The remaining characters given for Cavotctti.v are :
"The median carina of the vertex more compressed." This
is correct for the species there included. It is in itself insuffi-
cient for generic separation.
"The somewhat wider scutellate frontal costa." This is in-
valid as a generic feature. In N. boltcri the frontal costa has
been found to vary from the narrower type found in the geno-
type, N. fcmoratns, to a condition fully as wide as found in the
species assigned by Hancock to Carotetti.r.
"The first joint of the hind tarsi nearly twice the length of
the second and third combined." This is a specific but not a
generic feature, as the difference between the species discussed
and fcmoratus and boltcri is not as decided as might at first
be supposed, when the moderate amount of individual variabil-
ity in this feature is noted.
Neotettix proavus Rehn and Hebard.
1916. Neotettix proai'iis Rehn and Hebard, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Phila., 1916, p. 139. [<J, 9 : Murphy, North Carolina; Macon, Buck-
head and Jasper, Georgia.]
1918. Cai'otclti.v aptcnis Hancock, Ent. News, XXIX, p. 345. 1$,
9 '. Clarksville, Tennessee.]
1918. XcotcHi.v f>roai'us Fox, Ent. News, XXIX, p. 347. (Descrip-
tion of caudate phase.) [9 : Clarksville, Tennessee.]
After careful examination and comparison of a considerable
1 In reference 1o this remarkable feature, Rehn and Hebard have
stated : "That this condition is deep seated in the subfamily is quite
apparent, and it is equally evident that it is characteristic of certain
species and again occurs as a variant in species normally of the usual
type." Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1916, p. 138, (lpr6).
80 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '19
series from Clarksville, Tennessee, with the type of proai'its
and other specimens of this species, we unhesitatingly assign
Cavotettix apterus Hancock to the present synonymy.2
In considering the characters given by Hancock as diagnostic
for aptcrus, we find them attributable wholly to individual vari-
ation, excepting the presence or absence of tegmina and wings.
From examination of the series it is ascertained that in this
species greatly atrophied tegmina and much reduced wings are
present in all, but apparent only in occasional examples.3
Measurements (in millimeters}
Length Length Width Length Width
of body4 of pro- of pro- of caudal of caudal
notum notum femur femur
$
Jasper, Ga
8-5
7 I
2.25
C
2.
Macon, Ga. All o type
8-5
/ • *
7-1
2-45
J •
4-9
River Junction, Fla
7.8
7-
2-35
4-9
1.95
Clarksville, Tenn. (20) . .
7-5-8-6
7.1-8.1
2.4-2.8
5-3-5-6
2. -2. 1
Greenville, Ala
7.8
7.2
2 ^
2.
Evergreen, Ala ...
/
8.3
/ •"•
7
2.65
C.
2.
$
/ *
Buckhead Ga . . .
9 9
8 T,
2.0
c o
:> I r
Macon, Ga. T\pc
y*y
10.4
•J
8.8
2.85
•J*-x
c, 7
2.1
* *-'**-|-
'•^J
«.' /
River Junction, Fla. (2)
9.8-9.9
8.-S.6
2.8-3
5-5-5-8
2.I-2.I
Clarksville, Tenn. (18)..
9.5-10
8.4-9-1
3--3-I5
5.6-6.1
2.1-2.3
Clarksville.Tenn.5 (2) ...
10.8-10
H.-H.3
3-4-3-4
5.8-6
2.15-2.2
- We have received full concurrence in this opinion by James A. G.
Rehn, Henry Fox and W. S. Blatchley. The pair from which apterus
was described was given to Blatchley by Fox, who in turn loaned the
specimens to Hancock for examination. Though Hancock stated that
aptcrus might be only a race or variety of proavus. it is clear that he
made no real effort to secure further material for comparison, or to
determine the actual values of the characters given as of specific
diagnostic importance.
3 Through a desire to damage or distort the male allotype of proavus
as little as possible, Rehn and Hebard erred in making the statement
"Tegmina absent." Examination of this specimen relaxed shows that,
as in the other specimens at hand, vestigial tegmina are present though
wholly concealed. It is believed that Hancock is similarly incorrect in
his statement concerning apterus in his key, "Tegmina absent in female,"
which statement is qualified by "or entirely hidden from view" in his
description.
4 From vertex to apex of abdomen.
5 Caudate examples.
Vol. XXXJ EXTOJMOUHirCAL XK\VS 8l
The great majority of the specimens are brown (maximum recessive,
tawny olive), individually varying to blackish brown. The velvety black
posthumeral triangles are very conspicuous in the majority, in a few
weakly defined. One female from River Junction is decidedly mottled;
while the male from that locality and the female type from Macon
alone show a very striking bicolored condition, blackish in the cephalic
half, paler and decidedly contrasting verona brown caudad of the
posthumeral triangles, the external faces of the caudal femora alone
blotched with blackish proximo-mesad.
This species has been found by Dr. Henry Fox to be a spring
form ; the majority of the series assembled by him were taken
about the middle of June. This is probably also true for N.
)inHisini(s (Hancock). As our field work has been largely
undertaken in the late summer and during the fall, the reason
why we have not collected much larger series is apparent.
We have given here a reference to the discussion of the
recently discovered caudate type of the present species by Dr.
Henry Fox. This is a most interesting feature, ably treated
by that author.
Specimens Examined: 50; 26 males6 and 24 females.
Jasper, Georgia, elevation 1550 feet, VIII, 5, 1913, (R. ; woodland
composed of mixed pine and oak), I $, paratypc, [A. N. S. P.]
Buckhead, near Atlanta, Ga., VIII, 2, 1913, (H. ; hillside oak forest),
i 9, paratypc, [A. N. S. P.]
Macon, Ga., VII, 30 and 31, 1913, (R. & H.; woodland of short-leaf
pines) ,i $, i 9, type, allotype, [Hebard Cln.].
River Junction, Florida, VIII, 31, 1915, (R. & H. ; in damp sandy
area of ravine deciduous forest among very scant herbage), i ^,29,
[Hebard Cln. and A. N. S. P.].
Clarksville, Tennessee, V, 27 to VII, 24, 1917, (H. Fox), 20 $ , 20 9,
(2 9 caudate), [Fox, A. N. S. P. and Hebard Clns.].
Greenville, Alabama, VIII, 3, 1915, (H.), i $, [Hebard Chi.].
Evergreen, Ala., VIII, 4, 1915, (H.; in leaf litter on almost bare
ground of heavy forest of magnolia, gum and some holly and tulip
trees), I <$ , [Hebard Cln.].
Neotettix nullisinus (Hancock)
1918. Ctri'otctti.v intllisinus Hancock, Ent. News, XXIX, p. 344. [9 :
Brownsville, Texas.]
The less decidedly tectiform pnmotum. with cephalic margin
6 One male labelled only "Schaum's Collection" is in the Hebard Col-
lection.
82 KXTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., 'iy
of dorsum transverse or very feebly obtuse-angulate produced,
and the tegmina which, though reduced, are normallv in large
part apparent, readily distinguish this interesting species from
N. proai'iis Rehn and Hebard.
The previously unknown male of this species is a smaller
replica, in all ambisexual features, of the female sex.
Measurements (in millimeters)
Length Length Width Length Width
of of of of of
body pronotum pronotum caudal caudal
femur femur
Houston, Tex 7.3 7.2 2.3 4.8 2.1
W'ebster, Tex 7.4 7. 2.3 4.8 2.2
Webster, Tex 7.7 7.2 2.35 4.7 2.
Webster, Tex 7.8 7. 2.35 4.75 2.1
9
Houston, Tex 9.5 8.8 ^. =1.7 2.3
Webster, Tex 9.9 8.8 2.9 5.8 2.3
With the exception of one female, the series is uniform fuscous black
in general coloration. The velvety black humeral triangles are weakly
indicated in the males, slightly more conspicuous in the females. One
female is of the bicolored type which is also found in proants; in this
example, the portions cephalad of the posthumeral triangles are black-
ish brown, those caudad of that point distinctly paler, saccardos umber
shading to sepia toward the medio-longitudinal carina on the pronotum.
Specimens Examined: 6; 4 males and 2 females.
Houston, Texas, VIII, 12, 1915, (R. & H. ; on ground covered with
scant short grass under scattered oaks7), i $ , i 9, [Hebard Cln.]
Webster, Harris County, Tex., VII, 19, 1912, (H.), 3 $ , i 9, [Hebard
Cln. and A. N. S. P.].
An Entomologist's Handbook.
An entomologist's handbook or compendium is very much needed,
especially by economic entomologists. It is planned to compile such a
handbook, which will include principles and methods of studying the
life histories of insects, of conducting field experiments and demonstra-
tions, handy tables for field workers, et cetera. It is desired to have
references, or better, to have separates of all published notes dealing
directly or indirectly with the subject and to have details, and if pos-
sible, drawings or photographs as well, of cages, apparatus, methods,
etc., as yet unpublished. The handbook will be a compilation and full
credit given to all contributions.
The co-operation of entomologists is solicited. — JOHX J. DAVIS, Box
95, West Lafayette, Indiana.
7 Long continued search in this area, with a view to securing fur-
ther specimens of this insect, proved fruitless.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., MARCH, IQIQ.
The Next International Entomological Congress.
The first International Entomological Congress, held in Brus-
sels, Belgium, in 1910, was an unqualified success, both from
the scientific and social standpoints. The exposition being
held at the same time and place was an additional interest.
The second Congress was held in Oxford, England, during
August, 1912, and was equally enjoyable in every way. A
feature of this meeting was the pleasant excursions to places
near Oxford and the very profitable and enjoyable day spent
at Tring. There was a relatively large attendance of Amer-
icans at this meeting, seventeen being present and but three
at the first Congress.
The third Congress was to have been held in Vienna, Aus-
tria, in 1915, but unforeseen, non-entomological European in-
terests made the meeting difficult, if not impossible, so it was
not held.
The termination of the war has led some entomologists to
think of the next meeting of this association.
Dr. C. Gordon Hewitt, the Dominion Entomologist, sug-
gests holding the Congress in the United States next year,
\\ hen traveling conditions become settled. He believes that
if the congress were held in one of our large cities the atten-
dance would be a record one.
There is no question but that a meeting on this side of the
ocean would greatly increase the membership and would afford
much pleasure to the delegates and members from abroad who
have not visited America.
They would probably also be glad of the opportunity to
study our museums and collections.
It will be interesting to know what American entomologist^
think of the suggestion to have the meeting on this side.—
HENRY SKINNER.
The Jubilee of the Canadian Entomologist.
With the number for December. miS, "//;.- i '</;iu<//</n Entomologist
completed its fiftieth volume. Volume I. Xumber I, bearing the date
August i, 1868. We offer our hearty congratulations to our oldest
monthly sister of this continent.
83
84 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '19
Notes and News.
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS
OF THE GLOBE.
An Appeal From Belgium.
The following letter has been received from the Curator of the
Entomological Section of the Royal Museum of Natural History of
Belgium :
[Translation]
Brussels, 11-1-1919.
Dear Sir :
It is absolutely necessary that you write some notices in the Ameri-
can scientific journals in order to save the Selys Catalogue. I have
lost twenty subscriptions in Europe and I must retrieve them in the
United States. Financial aid from the de Selys family is impossible
for a long time. Each new subscription will bring a little capital to
the reconstitution of this work which can be brought to a termination
with a little energy and with the aid of all. The great institutions,
libraries, etc., ought to put some of their pennies into subscriptions.
Here we have suffered much from the slow and inexorable hunger,
from the nervous depression of our abominable slavery that no one
can describe. Our museum and our collections are saved, but I have
lost one of my two sons who was at the front, a fine boy of 24 years,
a captain of engineers. I have lost a part of my small fortune and my
health, but more I fear that the sufferings from hunger have comprom-
ised the future of my younger son and of my grandchildren.
The balance sheet is sad and I have little courage to take it up. I
would not, however, see the Catalogue, to which I have devoted myself
for years, founder. This is why I call for your aid. Write to your
entomological friends and sustain me.
Yours sorrowfully,
G. SEVERIX.
The Baron Edmond de Selys Longchamps (1813-1900) was known
as the chief authority on the taxonomy and geographical distribution
of the Odonata. He formed an extensive collection of these insects and
of other "neuropteroids" from all parts of the world, and of the
vertebrates and some other groups of Europe. These collections were
presented after his death to the Brussels Museum by his two sons.
The publication of the Catalogue Systeniatique ct Descriptif dcs Col-
lections Z.oologiques du Baron Edin. dc Selys Longchamps, "designed
to realize the supreme desire of their late possessor and at the same
time to serve science," was begun in 1906 under the care of the two
sons, M. Scverin and a number of zoologists, who undertook, as special-
ists, the preparation of certain parts thereof.
Vol. xxx] EXTO.M(;L(K;R-.\L NEWS 85
It was planned to appear in 32 fascicules of a varying number of
pages, of large quarto size, illustrated by text figures and some plates.
The subscription price for the complete work was fixed at 25 centimes
(20 centimes for the fascicules on Orthoptera, Lepidoptera and Verte-
brates) per page of text, 2.75 francs per colored plate and 2 francs per
bleck and white plate, with an increase of 25 per cent, for subscriptions
to separate parts only.
At the beginning of the war 21 fascicules had appeared, treating
of the Orthoptera, Embiidae, Perlodides. Megaloptera, Trichoptera,
Ascalaphidae, Libellulinae, Cordulinae, Aeschninae, Birds, Mammals,
Amphibians and Fishes, at a total price of 703.50 francs. The eight
fascicules on the Libellulinae by Dr. F. Ris, of Rheinau, Switzerland,
constitute the most extensive monograph on that subfamily ever pro-
duced, and several other groups have been dealt with in a similar
fashion. Several fascicules are in such an advanced state of prepara-
tion or of printing that they can lie issued in a short time.
There are many reasons — scientific, humanitarian, international, ap-
preciative of the nation which has suffered so fearfully — why the Sely-
sian Catalogue should be carried to completion, and it is to be hoped
that readers of this appeal will personally do all in their power to aid
in this accomplishment by inducing institutions which they can in-
fluence to subscribe. All correspondence relating to subscriptions should
be addressed to M. G. Severin, Musee Royal 1'Histoire Naturelle. 31
Rue Vautier, Bruxelles, Belgium. — PHILIP P. CALYKKT, University of
Pennsylvania.
— • «•» • —
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.
Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, how-
ever, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be recorded.
The numbers in Heavy- Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered
In the following list, in which the papers are published.
All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their
first installments.
The records of papers containing new species are all grouped at the
end of each Order of which they treat. Unless mentioned in the title,
the number of the new species occurring north of Mexico is given at
end of title, within brackets.
For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record,
Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied En-
tomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento-
mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B.
4 — Canadian Entomologist, London, Can. 5— Psyche, Cambridge,
Mass. 8 — The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, London. 10—
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, D. C.
15— Insecutor Inscitiae Menstruus, Washington. 17 — Lepidoptera,
86 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., 'ID
Boston, Mass. 20 — Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de
France, Paris. 22 — Bulletin of Entomological Research, London.
51 — Archiv fur Mikroskopische Anatomic, Bonn. 58 — New York
State Museum Bulletin. Albany. 59 — Journal of Agricultural Re-
search. Washington. 63 — Memorias de la Sociedad Cubana de His-
toria Natural "Felipe Poey," Habana. 68 — Science, Lancaster, Pa.
77 — Comptes Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologic, Paris.
78— Bulletin Biologuque de la France et de la Belgique, Paris.
79 — Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard
College, Cambridge, Mass. 80 — Revue Suisse de Zoologie, Geneve.
81 — The Journal of Parasitology, Urbana, Illinois. 82 — The Ohio
Journal of Science, Columbus.
GENERAL. Gautier, C. — Etudes physiologiques et parasitolo-
giques sur les lepidopteres nusisibles. La ponte des Apanteles para-
site de Pieris brassicae. 77, Ixxxi, 1152-55. Howard, L. O. — Ento-
mology and the War. (Scientific Monthly, Lancaster, viii, 109-17).
Mortensen, T. — Observations on protective adaptations and
habits, mainly in marine animals. (Pub. Univ. Zool. Mus. Koben-
haven, N I., pp. 57-96). Ramsden, C. T. — Vida y exploraciones zoo-
logicas del Juan Gundlach en Cuba. 63, iii, 146-68. de Sagarra, I.—
Instrucciones por los recollectores d'insectos. (Mus. Barcinonensis
Sci. Nat. Opera, Zool., Barcelona, iv, 97 pp.) Sturtevant, A. H.—
An analysis of the effects of selection. (Carnegie Inst. Wash., Pub.
No. 264, 68 pp.) Weiss, H. B. — Insects which attract public atten-
tion. (Scientific Monthly, Lancaster, viii, 179-86.)
MEDICAL. Sturtevant, A. H. — Flies of the genus Drosophila
as possible disease carriers. 81, v. 84-5.
ARACHNIDA & MYRIAPODA. Carl, J.— Miscellanees diplo-
podologiques. (Neotropical). 80, xxvi, 417-68.
Chamberlin, R. V. — New [5] polydesmoid diplopods from Ten-
nessee and Mississippi. 5, xxv, 122-27.
NEUROPTERA. Banks, N.— Antillean Isoptera. 79. Ixii, 475-
89. Howe, R. H. — Odonata of the Franconia region, New Hamp-
shire. 4, 1919, 9-15. Kennedy, C. H. — A new sp. of Argia. 4, 1919,
17-18. Moore, W. — The effect of laundering upon lice, (Pediculus
corporis) and their eggs. 81, v, 61-8.
ORTHOPTERA. Chopard, L.— Diagnoses d'Orthopteres nou-
veaux ( Phasgoneuridae) [Neotropical]. 20, 1918, 243-6. Du Porte,
E. M. — On the structure and function of the proventriculus of
Gryllus pennsylvanicus. 5, xxv, 117-22. Pantel & Sinety. — Reac-
tion chromatique et non chromatique de quelques phasmides aux
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL XHWS 8/
excitations dependant de la lumiere. 78, Hi, 177-283. Piers, H.—
The Orthoptera of Nova Scotia; with descriptions of the species
and notes on their occurrence and habits (Proc. & Trans. Nova
Scotia, Inst. Sci. xiv, 201-354).
HEMIPTERA. Muir, P.— Notes on the Delphacidae in the
British Museum Collection. 4, 1919, 6-8. Osborn, H. — The meadow
plant bug, Miris dolabratus. 59, xv, 175-200. Wilson, H. F.— Some
new [7] lachnids of the genus Lachniella. 4, 1919, 18-22 (cont.).
LEPIDOPTERA. French, G. H.— Catocala ulalume vs. C. Caro-
lina. 4, 1919, 16. Kaye, W. J. — Catagramma pitheas and C. cyclops
distinct species. 8, 1919. 5-6. Knetzger, A.— Hesperids rare at St.
Louis, Mo. 17, iii, 6. Rothke, M. Contributions to the life histories
of Thyris lugubris, and T. maculata. 17, iii, 4-5.
DIPTERA. Carter, A. E. J.— Note on the "singing" of Syrphus
ribesii while at rest. 8, 1919, 18. Hadwen & Cameron. — A contri-
bution to the knowledge of the bot flies, Gastrophilus intestinalis,
G. haemorrhoidalis, and nasalis. 22, ix, 91-106. Lamb, C. G.— On
a parasitic Drosophila from Trinidad. 22, ix, 157-62. Lodge, O. C.
—An examination of the sense reactions of flies. 22, ix, 141-52.
Ludlow, C. S. — Note on Limatus durhami. 5, xxv, 127-8. March-
and, W. — First account of a thermotropism in Anopheles puncti-
pennis, with bionomic observations. 5, xxv, 130-35. Mosier &
Snyder — Fur'ther notes on Tabanidae in the Florida everglades.
10, xx, 182-84. Ross, W. A.— The identity of 'the wheat midge in On-
tario. 4, 1919, 16.
Brues, C. T. — New [7] No. Am. Phoridae of the genus Aphio-
chaeta. 15, vi, 183-94. Felt, E. P.— A study of gall midges. VI.
[many new]. 58, No. 202, 76-205. McAtee, W. L. — Key to the ne-
arctic species of the genus Laphria (Asilidae) [12 new]. 82, xix,
143-70. Townsend, C. H. T. — New muscoid genera, species and
synonymy. 15, vi, 157-82.
COLEOPTERA. Barnes, P. T.— Fireflies flashing in unison. 68,
xlix, 72. Champion, G. C. — Notes on various species of the genus
Chalchas. 8, 1919, 1-3. Fisher, W. S.— Chrysobothris tranquebarica
versus impressa. 10, xx, 173-77.
HYMENOPTERA. Cockerell, T. D. A.— Some halictine bees in
the U. S. National museum. 10, xx, 177-S2. Gatenby, J. B.— Note
on Apanteles glomeratus, a braconid parasite of the larva of Pieris
brassicae. 8, 1919, 19-24 (cont.). Weiss & Nicolay — Notes on Clos-
terocerus cinctipennis in New Jersey. 5, xxv, 1MS-30.
Rohwer, S. A. — Notes on, and descriptions of sawflies belonging
to the tenthredinid tribe Hemichroini [2 new]. 10, \x, Hii-73.
88 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS | Alar., '19
Doings of Societies.
Feldman Collecting Social.
No meeting was held in October owing to the epidemic of influenza.
Meeting of November 20, 1918, at the residence of Wm. S. Hunt-
ington, 1006 N. 64th St., Philadelphia ; eleven members present ; Presi-
dent H. W. Wenzel in the chair.
Coleoptera. Mr. Harbeck said a man in Trenton, New Jersey
had complained to him of his war garden being ruined by a large
"bug" coming from the ground at night in great numbers, and when he
had examined specimens, found them to be Lncanus da ma Thunb.
Mr. Wenzel said there was no doubt but there was something in the
garden to attract them, and they were not merely digging in the ground.
Mr. H. A. Wenzel said they had found inazama LeC. in the west in
early morning, running along the trails looking for a place to hide.
Mr. H. W. Wenzel said that in July and August he had noticed great
numbers of Cotinus nitidus Linn, and some weeks later, while cutting
the grass, he had seen what he at first had mistaken for an ant hill.
When this pile of dirt was pushed aside, quite a large hole was dis-
closed, and he then took a steel wire with a hook on one end which
he inserted in the hole twelve or fourteen inches, and after turning
a few times, drew out a large Scarabaeid larva. Many of these were
found later. Some he was unable to hook and he came to the con-
clusion that these burrows had lateral galleries at the bottom. Dr.
Castle exhibited a phial containing many larvae and pupae of Popillia
japonica Newm. from Riverton, New Jersey. Mr. Laurent reported the
capture at Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, Pa., of Lcbia tricolor Say on
October 5, Tachiuus Unibatiis Melsh. on September 4, and the intro-
duced species, Sphaeridium 2-pustulatum Fabr. on October 19.
Orthoptera. Air. Laurent mentioned that for many years he
had reported the large mantis, Paratenodera sincnsis Sauss. as com-
mon, but this year, for the first time, it was scarce, though the nymphs
were quite plentiful during June and July.
Diptera. Mr. Hornig stated that this year the first mosquito
larvae were found March 27, and the last November 14. — GEO. M.
GREENE, Secretary.
OBITUARY
BENJAMIN HAVES SMITH, a collector of Coleoptera, died at
his residence, 4704 Chester Avenue, Philadelphia, on Novem-
ber 25, 1918. He was born -in Upper Darby, Delaware County,
Pennsylvania, May 7, 1841, son of Dr. George Smith and Mary
(Lewis) Smith. Dr. Smith was a prominent physician and
citizen of the county and was especially active in the Delaware
Vol. XXXJ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 89
County Institute of Science at Media. He was a botanist of
note and author of a list of plants of Delaware County which
appeared in an important historical work, the History of Dela-
ware County, of which he was also the author.
Benjamin H. Smith was educated at Haverford School, af-
terward Haverford College, where he graduated in 1859. The
study of Natural History was strongly encouraged at the
school, the collecting of insects being then the favorite pastime,
and young Smith, who shared his father's interests, became in-
tensely interested in forming a collection of Coleoptera, a pur-
suit which he followed for many years afterwards whenever
opportunity offered. At the outbreak of the Rebellion he join-
ed the Anderson Troop and served under General 'Buell
throughout the campaign in Tennessee, Alabama and Miss-
issippi, which was later conducted by General Rosecrans, the
troop being attached to headquarters.
Smith's ambition had always been to locate in the far west
and in 1869 he visited Denver. Colorado, returning in 1872 to
take a position in the Surveyor General's office in the Mining
Department. He had been married in 1866 to Miss Addie L.
Brooke, of Delaware County, and his wife followed him to
Colorado as soon as he had established himself and they re-
sided there until 1876, returning again to occupy the same posi-
tion from 1880 to 1887. His work took him to various parts
of Colorado and offered splendid opportunities for the prose-
cution of his natural history pursuits. He collected beetles
assiduously and sent back packages of plants to his father.
During his later residence there, botany seemed to occupy his
main attention and upon his return to Delaware County, in
1887, he devoted his leisure time almost exclusively to this
study. He had visited California and Oregon in 1887, and in
1893 and 1894 spent most of the summer in New Mexico,
while he engaged in many other trips to various parts of the
east, combining his botanical interests and his love of trout
fishing. He was a close friend of the late Dr. Thomas C.
Porter and in later years Dr. C. S. Sargeant, with whom
he made many trips. After his return to the east he was en-
gaged as an investment broker.
,90 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Mar., '19
He was a member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia, the American Entomological Society and the Phil-
adelphia Botanical Club, as well as of many historical and lit-
erary societies. In the Entomological Society he served on
the Committee on Coleoptera in 18/9, on the Executive Com-
mittee in 1888 and on the Publication Committee from 1889 to
In spite of his great interest in Natural History, his publica-
tions seem to have been entirely upon historical subjects, most
of them being contributions to the Pennsylvania Magazine of
History and Biography, issued by the Historical Society of
Pennsylvania.
Mr. Smith was a remarkably well read man, with a knowl-
edge of a variety of subjects, but modest and retiring, so that
few realized his attainments. In science he was one of those
who find greater satisfaction supplying valuable material and
information for the use of others than to engage in original
publication. — WITMER STONE.
In August, 1918, he presented his collection of Coleoptera,
neatly labeled and arranged in ninety boxes, of a modified
Schmitt type, to the Zoological Laboratory of the University of
Pennsylvania, where it has been installed in Brock cases. Ac-
cording to a memorandum in the copy of Henshaw's List which,
marked for the species represented, served as a catalogue of
his collection, he had about 10,000 specimens of 2333 species,
very largely from Delaware County, Pennsylvania, and from
Colorado, but from other States as well. Many of the locality
labels (and this applies to the Colorado specimens) give the
State name only. At the time when he made this gift, he re-
called his personal association with Doctors Le Conte and Horn
in the early decades of the Entomological Society, and that
failing eyesight caused him to turn his studies from beetles to
plants. He left a number of drawings of details of Rhyncho-
phora which his daughter, Miss Alice L. Smith, has placed
in the writer's custody ; it may be that they can be utilized as
illustrations for some future publication on the group.—
PHILIP P. CALVERT.
Entomological Books
Complete Set
Proceedings Entomological Society of Philadel-
phia, Vols. I-VI, and Transactions American
Entomological Society, Vols. I-XL, with Sup-
plementary Vol. XIV.
Price on application.
Catalogue No. 6
Just issued — 142 pages — entirely devoted to Books
on Insects.
Sent on application.
Leng's List
Send in your subscription for Leng's List of North
American Coleoptera.
Price $5.50 unbound, including delivery.
Printed on one side only $7.00.
JOHN D. SHERMAN, Jr.
24 CLAREMONT AVENUE
Mount Vernon, New York
NEW ARRIVALS
From Columbia, So, America :
OVER 10,000 BUTTERFLIES, INCLUDING
Morpho cypris Morpho amathonte
sulkowskyi Caligo spp.
From Cuba :
1500 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
Urania boisduvali
Erinyis guttalaris
Protoparce brontes, etc.
Papilio columbus
" andraemon
" celadon
" devilliersi
From Venezuela :
Over 5000 Lepidoptera
, 200 Dynastes hercules
From New Guinea :
2000 Coleoptera
200 Orthoptera
From Assam, India :
1200 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
Papilio arcturus Kallima inachis
" philoxenus Brahmaea wallachi
And Many Other Showy Species
From Tibet (Bhutan)
Armandia lidderdalii Parnassius hardwicki
CATALOGUES OF
ENTOMOLOGICAL SUPPLIES AND SPECIMENS
ON APPLICATION
If interested kindly send your list of desiderata for further information to
THE KNY-SCHEERER CORPORATION
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APRIL, 1919.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
Vol. XXX. No. -4.
Thaddeus William Harris
J795-J856.
PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Editor.
E. T. CRESSON, JR., Associate Editor.
HENRY SKINNER, M.D., Sc.D., Editor Emeritus>
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ENT. NEWS, VOL. XXX
Plate V.
EUCLEMENSIA BASSETTELLA.-HOLLiNGER AND PARKS.
' '•»
*
'
>
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
-
. . .
AND
PROCEEDINGS OE THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VOL. xxx.
APRIL, 1919.
No. 4.
CONTENTS:
Hollinger and Parks — Euclemensia
bassettella (Clemens), the Kermes
Parasite (Micro-lepidoptera, Tine-
oides, Oecophoridae ) 91
Skinner — A new Species of Copaeodes
(Lep) 100
Weiss — A Resurrected Paper on Mos-
quitos and Malaria ( Diptera) 101
McDunnough — Change of Address.... 102
Ferris — Two Species of Phylloxera
from California ( Hemip ; Aphidae) 103
Kennedy — The Naiad of the Odonate
Genus Cory phaeschna 105
Braun — Descriptions of New Species of
Coleophora ( Micro-lepidoptera). . . 108
Coleman — An Aberration of Polygonia
progne (Lepid.) 112
" Seventeen Year Grasshoppers" 113
Editorial — Swat the Fly Versus Starve
the Brute 114
Cockerel! — Crabro montanus Cresson
(Hym.) 114
Cockerel! — Capture of Ants by Gummy
Exudations ( Hym. ) 115
Entomological Literature 115
Doings of Societies — Ent. Sec. Acad.
Nat. Sci. Phil. ( Hymen.. Lepid.).. 118
Feldman Collecting Social (Lepid.,
Coleop., Orth , Dipt.) 119
Ohio Entomological Workers 120
Euclemensia bassettella (Clemens), the Kermes Para-
site (Micro-lepidopterat Tineoidea, Oecophoridae).
By ALBERT HAROLD HOLLINGER, Bryan, Texas, and HARRIS
BRALEY PARKS, College Station, Texas.*
(Plate V.)
HISTORY
In March, 1864, Clemens established the genus Hamadryas
for a microlepidopteron received from H. F. Bassett, of
Waterbury, Connecticut. Clemens named the species in honor
of Bassett, and it was known as Hamadryas bassettella Clemens
until April, 1878. Grote in that year called attention to the
pre-occupancy of Clemens' genus Ha)iiadr\as in the Lepidop-
tera by Hiibner and Boisduval, and he proposed the name
Euclemensia as a generic substitute. It has since been referred
to as Euclemensia bassettella (Clemens) in literature and in
manuscripts.
*The authors' names are alphabetically arranged, and do not denote
seniority.
92 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Apr./IQ
There seem to have been some conflicting notes in literature
relative to the habits of this pretty moth (plate A", C). Clemens
quotes Bassett, saying: "The species is very common in the
neighborhood of \Yaterbury, Connecticut, and the larva feeds
in a gall found on a species of oak which I call Oncrcns tiuc-
toria. The galls are found on the smaller branches, three or
four being aggregated, are globular, yellowish-brown, shining
and hard."
Comstock (i8So£>)t says that this beautiful moth with red-
dish-orange-marked fore wings was bred from a large gall-like
coccid from Cedar Keys, Florida, and that Riley pointed out
to Bassett that his supposed gall was in reality a coccid. Com-
stock further says : "The rearing of the same moth from what
is evidently a closely allied, if not the same, species of coccid
from two such widely separated localities as Connecticut and
Florida, is a strong indication of the permanence of the car-
nivorous habit in this species."
Packard (iSyo/?) on page 219 of his "Forest Insects" says:
"The following species are said by Clemens and Chambers to
live on the leaves of various species of oak," and on page 220
R. bassettella (Clemens) is listed as a leaf miner of the under
surface of oak leaves, with a further note that it feeds, in galls.
Evidently Packard overlooked Comstock's record.
King (1899) says that in Massachusetts Kcnncs galliformis
Riley is attacked by Euclemensia bassettella (Clemens).
Britton (1916) states: "Specimens of a Kcnncs. probably
K. sassceri King, were collected on an oak at Yalesville. April
13, 1916, by B. H. Walden. On examining this material dur-
ing the summer four specimens of a small moth were found
in the box, and in the scales were holes from which the moths
had emerged. The moths proved to be Euclemensia bassettella
(Clemens)."
Lawson (1917) records this moth from Kcnncs galliformis
Riley taken at Lawrence, Kansas, and identified by Dr. Mc-
Dunnough.
Due to the fact that in both Missouri and Texas this oecoph-
fDates in parentheses refer to the bibliography listed at the end of
this article,
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 93
orid moth has been reared abundantly from Kcnnes of more
than one species, the writers are led to believe that Bassett's
"galls" were nothing more nor less than some species of Ker-
wes, and that Packard merely copied Clemens' notes which
accompanied the original description of this microlepidopteron.
This view is strongly emphasized or even substantiated by the
records of Comstock, King, Britton and Lawson.
OTHER RECORDS OF PARASITISED KEKMES.
The only other known records of the genus Kcnnes being
infested by lepidopterous larvae are those given below.
Chambers (18/8) described Blastobasis cocchorclla, a spe-
cies of Tineoidea which was reared abundantly from a large
coccid, Kerntes sp. from Florida. Comstock (18800) says that
some of the scales were pierced by round holes and entirely
eaten out. By dissecting apparently sound ones, he found a
few full-grown lepidopterous larvae measuring about eight
millimeters long. These were plump, the 4th and 5th abdominal
segments being the largest. The general color was milk-white,
the head light brown with darker brown mouth-parts. The
prothoracic plate was narrow, light brown, and divided longi-
tudinally in the middle. It had six well-developed thoracic legs
and five pairs of pro-legs. When the larva began pupating, it
first cut an opening through the exterior of the coccid, which
up to that time had been entire. Then it spun up a compara-
tively compact cocoon on the outside of the coccid, attached to
the edges of the circular hole.
Dyar (1902), however, does not record Chambers' species
at all, and the writers can find no other place in literature where
B. cocch'orella Chambers is mentioned. Is it a synonym of
some valid species, or was it entirely overlooked by Dyar in his
check-list ?
Comstock ( i88ort) described a tineid moth, Dakniina cocci-
dh'ora (=Dakruma pallida], which was reared from a species
of Kcnnes from Sanford and from Fort George. Florida, lie
gave the following account of the larval habits of the parasite:
"When full-grown the larva leaves the coccid. which it in-
fested, and makes a cocoon which is attached to the outside of
94 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Apr., 'iQ
the coccid or to a neighboring twig." Daknuna coccidii'ora
Comstock is now known as Lactilia coccidh'ora (Comstock).
(Fracker, 1917).
Packard (1890(7), from some of C. V. Riley's unpublished
notes, states that: "These scales from Silver City, New Mexico,
were infested with the larvae of a lepidopteron apparently
belonging to Lactilia (= Daknuna)," which issued in April,
1881. It is quite possible that this species is the same as that
described by Comstock (18800).
DISTRIBUTION.
Euclemensia bassettclla (Clemens) has been reported in
literature from the following states : Connecticut, Florida, Kan-
sas, Massachusetts and Texas. Having found it to occur
abundantly in both Missouri and Texas, we believe it safe to
say that this parasitic lepidopteron is generally distributed at
least over the eastern half of the United States. It is our fur-
ther opinion that this species will be found to occur in nearly
every state east of the Rocky Mountains, and possibly even
throughout the extent of this country.
OCCURRENCE IN MISSOURI.
While on a collecting trip the twenty-sixth of April, 1917,
Parks was attracted by a pair of downy woodpeckers, Dr\o-
batcs piibcsccns niedianus, which were working arduously in
a clump of watersprouts of a shingle oak, Oncrcits iinbricaria
Michx., near Albany, Gentry County, Missouri. Subsequent
investigation showed that the oak was heavily infested by Kcr-
mes pettiti Ehrh., (plate V, H). Each bird detached a Kcr-
vics and then placed it securely in a fork made by two twigs or
in some roughened crevice in the old trunk. After some little
hammering and pecking they withdrew something from the
interior of the Kenncs and swallowed it. They would then
look for another coccid and after finding one to their liking
they would again go through a similar procedure. In all cases
they left the hard shell of the dismembered Kenncs behind
them.
Later investigation showed the presence of white lepidopter-
Vol. XXXJ ENT().M()l.(l(,lCAI. NEWS. y5
ous larvae (plate V, A) within many of the gall-like coccids.
With exception of a few Kcnncs that the birds had opened in
situ, no attached specimens showed the presence of abnormal
conditions at this date, (plate V, Hb).
Much of the Kcnncs material was given over to Hollinger,
and it was placed in the laboratory in a rearing cage on the
ninth of June. The first moth appeared on the twenty-sev-
enth of June and by the middle of July twenty-three moths
had emerged and which were identified as Eitclciiicusia bas-
scttella (Clemens) by Mr. A. IJusck, of the United States
Bureau of Entomology. On the twelfth of July some of the
apparently normal Kcnncs were opened, and from these were
obtained three larvae and four pupae.
The adult moths have been observed in July, 1917, by Dr. L.
Haseman, Entomologist of the Missouri Agricultural Experi-
ment Station. They were frequenting the blossoms of the gar-
den onion. Hollinger collected an adult on the fifteenth of
August flying in his own garden. These two records of the
moths flying at large, with exception of a recent additional
record from Texas, are the only ones that have come to the at-
tention of the writers.
OCCURRENCE IN TEXAS.
Since the writing of the first draft of this article, the writers
have removed to Texas. Our new positions have given us un-
usual opportunity to observe the occurrence and habits of
Euclemcnsia basscttclla (Clemens) in that state.
Early in January, KjiS, a remarkable infestation of Kcnncs
galliformis Riley was discovered on Q Kerens stellata Wang,
near Corsicana, Navarro County, Texas. The Kennes were in
such large numbers that many limbs had succumbed to their
attack. Investigation revealed the fact that the coccids were
heavily infested by the euclemensid larvae. From specimens
collected the adults emerged in the laboratory about the middle
of July. Numerous other severe infestations have been under
observation, and the following list will give the host plants and
the locality from which Euclemensia-iniested Kcnncs have
been reared, together with the dates ot emergence of the
adults.
96 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Apr., '19
Quercus marilandica Muench
Black Jack Oak Anderson County . . . July, 1918
Brazos County
Henderson County. .
Quercns stcllata Wang, Post Oak. .Brazos County
Fannin County
Navarro County 26 July, 1918
Robertson County... July, 1918
Van Zandt County.
Quercns i-irginiana Mill, Live Oak. McLennan County... 24 July, 1918
San Patricio County. July, 1918
Travis County
Qucrcus nndulata Torrey
Shinnery Oak Comanche County . .
Crosby County 26 July, 1918
Quercus nigra L., Water Oak Brazos County July, 1918
Cook County
Grayson County
On the third of August, 1918, a single adult Euclemensia
bassettella (Clemens) was collected by Parks in Robertson
County from the flowers of cultivated onions. This is the only
adult that has been seen flying at large in Texas.
HABITS.
When the larva (plate V, A) becomes full-grown, it cvits a
circular to oval hole about one or one and one-half millimeters
in diameter through the hard body-wall of the host (plate V,
D, F, Ha). This hole is then closed securely with a thin, tough
mesh of silken threads (plate V, Fc), after which the larva
crawls backward to the end of its retreat. Here it transforms
to the pupal stage, which is naked, (plate V, B) no cocoon
being spun.
In all the infested Kenncs examined, the larva apparently
produces a more or less distinctly "U-shaped" retreat or bur-
row, (plate V, E) living entirely within this division and not
working at large throughout the body of the Kennes. This
retreat occupies the lower half of all the infested hosts and
nearly comes together at the ends, yet leaves a small space
between the ends of the "U."
After emerging from its pupa, the moth in some way breaks
the strands of silken threads over the opening cut by the larva
Vol. xxx ] K.\To.Moi.o(,ic.\i, M-;\VS. 97
and makes its escape (plate V, Km). While most of the larvae
inherit the instinct to cut the hole through the body-wall of the
Rcrmcs large enough for their bodies to pass through, some
apparently fail to make the- exit holes quite large enough for
the adults to leave their hosts, for several imagoes have been
found dead in their retreats with their heads through the open-
ings or with parts of their bodies through the exit holes (plate
V. Km), not being1 able to enlarge in the least the hole through
the hard body-wall of the Kcnncs.
SrpposED OCCURRENCE ix GALLS.
At Corsicana, Navarro County, and at Bryan, Brazos County,
Texas, some limbs of post oaks, Quercns stcllata Wang., bore
numerous specimens of Kcnncs galliformis Riley which were
badly infested by this oecophorid parasite. They also bore
numerous hymenopterous galls which resembled in size and
shape the specimens of Kcrmcs. Many of these galls con-
tained clean-cut holes resembling in general appearance those
made by Euclemensia bassettclla (Clemens). In order to as-
certain whether or not Bassett. as quoted by Clemens (1864),
and Packard ( 1890/0 were correct in their previous state-
ments that this lepidopteron bred in galls, many of these galls
were collected and enclosed in rearing cages. Some time in
July several specimens of a large hymenopterous insect emerg-
ed from the gall material. Specimens sent to Dr. Howard on
thirty-first of July were returned in early August with the
following notes : ''The insect which you considered to be a
gall-maker is a species of Callinioinc, not a gall-maker, but a
parasite on some gall maker. It is a Chalcidid of the family
Toryminac, but undeterminable specifically. It is possible that
it is a parasite of the Euclemensia."
The writers would refute this latter possibility, however, be-
cause the several hymenopterous galls were placed in separate
rearing jars from the Kcnncs material, and from the gall
material Hynicnoptcra alone emerged. Kurthermore. there is
no possibility of Callinioinc being a parasite of Eitclcnicnsia
bosscttclla (Clemens) because the writers have never reared
the lepidopteron from the grills nor have lepidopterous larvae
98 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Apr., '19
ever been found within these galls when they were dissected.
In all cases various sized hymenopterous larvae were found
after dissection of the galls. On the other hand, no Hymen of>-
tera — not even Calliuioinc — have ever been reared by the
writers from any Kermes either in Missouri or Texas. All
dissections of parasitized Kermes have shown lepidopterous
larvae and never hymenopterous grubs.
DESCRIPTION.
The larva (plate V, A) is a whitish grub about five millimeters long
and two millimeters in diameter at the fourth and fifth abdominal seg-
ments. The head and the first thoracic segment are chestnut-brown.
The pro-thoracic segment is marked longitudinally with a narrow
white line which continues along the vertex and down either side of
the front to the margins of the clypeus. The pairs of short thoracic
legs are edged with chestnut-brown. The pro-legs occur on the
third, fourth, fifth, sixth and tenth abdominal segments, and are appar-
ently not much developed. Each pro-leg has the crochets or hooks
arranged in a uniordinal circle. Fracker (1917) gives as one of the
characters of the Oecophoridae, the family to which Euclcmensia bas-
settella (Clemens) belongs, the biordinal circle of crochets. Evidently
E. bassettclla (Clemens) is an "exception that proves the rule," for
it has a clearly defined uniordinal arrangement. The body is but
sparsely dotted with setae. The spiracles are small, brownish, and
circular.
The pupa (plate V, B) is light brownish in general color, measuring
about four millimeters in length and about two millimeters in diameter
at its middle. The abdomen, in general, is a cream color, and the
spiracles are distinctly marked with brownish. The dorsal terga are
slightly chitinized with brown. The empty pupal case is a uniform
yellow-brown.
Inasmuch as the original description of the adult is excellent
and undoubtedly inaccessible to some readers, the writers have
thought best to reproduce it verbatim (Clemens, 1864).
"Fore-wings bright reddish-orange, sometimes tinted with yellowish-
orange, with a black spot at the base of the fold of the wing and a
broad black stripe showing bluish or greenish reflections along the
inner margin extending from the middle of the fold to the tip of the
wing and occupying nearly one-half the breadth of it. Along the costa,
about the middle of it, is a shining black stripe, which becomes nar-
rower as it approaches the apical third of the wing. Cilia blackish.
Hind wings shining, dark greenish-black. Head and thorax black.
Antennae black. Labial palpi yellowish-orange." (plate V, C).
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. (J9
Chambers (1878) later notes color variation in Euclemensia
bassettella (Clemens) ranging from "sulphur to almost brick-
red."
SUMMARY.
The writers desire to emphasize the following points :
(1) Enclemcnsia bassettella (Clemens) is a Kenncs parasite
and not a gall feeder as has been reported.
(2) Euclemensia bassetlella (Clemens) larvae have habits dif-
fering from those of other /vVn;i<?.y-infesting Lcpidop-
tera.
(3) There would appear to be but one generation of this lepi-
dopteron a year.
(4) No parasites are known to attack any stage of this Ker-
mes parasite.
(5) Euclemensia bassettella (Clemens) is undoubtedly more
widely distributed than its records show.
(6) In a few cases this parasite has been abundant enough to
materially reduce the coccids' numbers.
LITERATURE CITED.
BRITTON, \Y. K., 1916. In i6th. Report of State Entomologist of
Connecticut, for the year 1916, part 2.
CHAMBERS, V. T., 18/8. "Tineina,'' in Canadian Entomologist, X,
pages 50-54.
CLEMENS, B., 1864. "N. A. Micro-Lcpidoptcra," in Pro. of Ent. Soc.
of Phil., II, pages 415-430.
COMSTOCK, ]. H., iSScw. "Notes on Predaceous Lepidoptera" in Rpt.
of U. S. Com. of Agr., 1880, pages 241-244.
COMSTOCK, J. H., 1880/5, '•Euclemensia bassettella." in do. page 245.
DYAR, H. G., 1902. "A List of X. A. Lepidoptera," in Bui. No. 52,
U. S. Nat. Mus.
FRACKER, S. B., 1917. "The Classification of Lepidopterous Larvae,"
in 111. Bio. Mon., II, No. i, page 85.
GROTE, A. R., 1878. "Note on JIamadryas," in Canadian Ento-
mologist, X, pages 67-69.
KING, G. B., 1899. "Cont. to the Knowledge of Mass. Coccidac," in
Canadian Ent., XXXI, pages 139-143.
LAWSON, P. B., 1917. "The Coccidac of Kansas," in Bulletin of U. of
Kans. Biol. Series, XVIII, No. i, page 185.
PACKARD, A. S., 18900. "Ins. Inj. to Forest and Shade Trees," in
Fifth Rpt. of U. S. Ent. Com., page 100.
PACKARD, A. S., 189(1/1. do., page- Jjo.
100 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Apr. ,'19
EXPLANATION OF PLATE V.
A— dorsal view of three larvae of Enclcnicnsia basscttclla (Clemens)
(about x3)
B — dorso-lateral and ventral views of three euclemensid pupae (about
x3)
C — dorsal view of imago with wings expanded (about x3), showing
the relative and comparative sizes of the wings and the broad
fringe of cilia.
D— lateral view of Kcnncs pcttitl Ehrh. (about xi4), showing oval exit
hole of Enclcnicnsia basscttclla (Clemens). The upper half of
this Kcnncs was pecked away by woodpeckers, leaving the cov-
ered "U-shaped" retreat shown in Fig. E.
E — Kcnncs pcttiti Ehrh. (about xi) in situ on an oak twig; dorsal
view of Kcnncs shown in Fig. D, showing the covered "U-
shaped" retreat of a larva of this euclemensid parasite.
F — aggregation of three infested and one apparently uninfested
Kcnncs (about xio), showing: (c) the silken coverings over
exit holes and made by the larvae of Euclemensia basscttclla
(Clemens) but broken by the emergence of the adults; (m) an
adult moth in the act of emerging from her Kcnncs host. How-
ever, this particular one died in the larval retreat, due to the
fact that the larva had not cut a large enough exit hole through
the body-wall of the host for the imago to escape from.
H — Kcnncs pcttiti Ehrh. (about xi), showing: (a) group of specimens
in Fig. F; and (b) a normal uninfested Kcnncs.
A new Species of Copaeodes (Lep.).
By HENRY SKINNER.
Copaeodes chromis n. sp.
Color of all wings deep chrome. Primaries have a brown border
2 mm. wide, which extends from near the middle of the costa to the
middle of the inner margin. The stigma is a narrow line at the end of
the discoidal and it runs parallel to the outer margin.
The secondaries have the costal margin brown.
Undersides same color as above and immaculate except for a small
brown spot at the base of the primaries.
Head, thorax and abdomen deep chrome. Expanse 25 mm.
Described from one male ( ?) specimen from Colima, Mex-
ico.
Type in the collection of The Academy of Natural Sciences
of Philadelphia.. It resembles procris but the primary wings
are more rounded and procris does not have bordered \\ i
Vol. XXX ] EXTU.MOI.nijiCAl. NEWS. IO1
A Resurrected Paper on Mosquitos and Malaria
(Diptera).
By HARRY B. WEISS, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Mr. George A. ()sborn. Librarian of Rutgers College, re-
cently called my attention to a paper entitled "The Mission of
the Mosquito" by J. Suydam Knox, which appeared in Vol. I,
1873, °f "Our Home, a Monthly Magazine of Original Articles,
Historical, Biographical, Scientific and Miscellaneous," mostly
by Somerset and Hunterdon County (New Jersey) writers on
subjects largely pertaining to these counties, edited by A. V. D.
Honeyman, attorney-at-law, Somerville, New Jersey.
Mr. Knox starts out by quoting Josh Billings on the mosquito
and describes at length its method of securing a meal. He also
states that during the summer of '67, while resident surgeon
of one of the hospitals of the city of B., he determined to
investigate the mission of the mosquito. Vast numbers of
specimens were caught, their heads separated and macerated in
alcohol.
"The tincture was then strained, boiled, filtered and set aside to cool.
Slowly small white crystals formed on the bottom. They were evap-
orated to dryness and examined. Eureka, the question was solved.
They were isomeric with quinine. Their chemical composition was the
same, C 30 H 12 N O. 2. They presented the same fluorescent appear-
ance when dissolved in water. The same reaction occurred in chlorine
and ammonia. The sole difference was their influence on polarized
light, producing deviation of the plane to the right instead of the left.
The mission was found. The question of ages was answered. The
mosquito carried in its sting the antidote to malaria."
After remarking upon the presence of mosquitos in districts
where fever and ague prevailed, the results of further experi-
ments are given as follows :
1. Blood was drawn from the arm of a patient and examined: a
mere trace of quinine was found. Said patient was bribed to expose
himself to mosquitos and then bled. Abundance of quinidia was found
in the vital fluid.
2. Three patients, suffering from ague, were selected and placed in
separate rooms. One was given a solution of quinine and rigidly ex-
cluded from mosquitos. The second received a solution of morphia,
and was also excluded from the insects. The third received a similar
1O2 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Apr., '19
solution of morphia at night to induce sleep, and was freely bitten.
The first and third recovered. The second still had ague. Here in
the first case quinine cured as was expected. Of the other two, who
took only morphine, he alone was cured who was freely inoculated
with the virus of the mosquito.
3. With much care, sufficient of the chrystals of quinidia were ob-
tained to make a saturated solution for experiment. And among the
many ague patients of the hospital, twelve were chosen as near alike as
possible in age, constitution and violence of disease. Six were treated
with hypodermic injections of the solution of the virus and six with
similar ones of solution of quinine. All twelve recovered. But those
injected with the virus of the mosquito got well in one-third less time
than the remaining six.
In "The Mosquitos of North and Central America and the
West Indies" by Howard, Dyar and Knab, Vol. I, p. 188, under
"Early Ideas," appears a statement, by Dr. Samuel W. Francis
from his paper entitled "Curious Facts Concerning Man and
Nature with a Few Practical Suggestions on Other Subjects,"
1874, to the effect that in a previous work of his entitled "Life
and Death," p. 210, Mar., 1871, mention is made that
"The time will come when it will be publicly acknowledged that the
little fluid they (the mosquitos) inject into your blood contains certain
specific properties for different diseases. To prove that I am right,
let any skillful chemist test the powerful drop contained in a mosquito's
sack and he will find many of the properties of Quinine."
The statements of both Knox and Francis are curious in-
stances of a conclusion diametrically opposed to the right one
having been drawn from practically the same premises.
In the "History of Hunterdon and Somerset Counties, N. ]".,"
compiled by J. P. Snell, 1881, the following brief biographical
account of J. Suydam Knox is given:
Born July 26, 1840, graduate of College of New Jersey, 1860; of
Physicians and Surgeons, N. Y. City, 1866; City Hospital, Brooklyn,
1868; practiced in Somerville, N. J., from 1866 to 1873 when he re-
moved to Chicago, and became lecturer and clinical professor in Rush
Medical College.
— • —
Change of Address.
I am giving up my position as Curator of the Barnes Collection
to accept a post in the Entomological Branch of the Department of
Agriculture at Ottawa, Ontario. I expect to commence my new duties
April ist. — J. McDuNNOUGH.
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL XF.WS. IO3
Two Species of Phylloxera from California
(Hemiptera ; Aphidae).
By G. F. FERRIS, Stanford University, California.
The western portion of the United States appears to be very
poorly supplied with species of Phylloxera. Aside from the
notorious pest of the vine there appear to be but two species
known from California, Davidson having recorded P. popularia
Pergande from poplars and P. salicola Pergande from willow.
I am here describing an apparently new species from oak, per-
haps the first to be recorded from oak west of Missouri, and
am presenting some notes upon one of the other species.
Phylloxera stanfordiana n sp. (Text figs. B, D.)
In life. Occurring upon the twigs of the host, concealed be-
neath any chance covering, especially numerous under the
twig-encircling egg masses of a moth, (possibly Malacosoma
disstria.} Entirely destitute of any secretionary covering; of
a light yellow color.
Apterous female. Length (flattened on slide) .75 mm. Shape some-
what pyriform. Dorsum entirely destitute of pores, bearing a few
very minute spines, of which those on the head are borne upon slight
prominences. Derm minutely roughened in the cephalic region, else-
where quite smooth. Beak reaching somewhat beyond the posterior
legs, five-segmented. Antennae with the third segment somewhat
longer than the other two combined and rather prominently annulated ;
sensoria. if present at all. borne at the extreme tip of the third segment.
Abdominal spiracles apparently lacking.
Type host and locality. From Oucrcns doncjlasii, on the
campus of Stanford University, California; Sept. 10. 1918.
Collected by the author. Holotype and paratvpes in the Stan-
ford collection.
Notes. This probably belongs to the group of P. rilevi and
P. qucrceti, but the almost obsolete dorsal tubercles and the
absence of a conspicuous sensorium on the third antennal seg-
ment separate it at once. Attention should be called to the ap-
parent absence of abdominal spiracles. I find the same condi-
tion in specimens of what T take to be /'. rilcyi and in the
species later to be discussed in this paper as P. salicola. Tn P.
vastatrir the abdominal spiracles are certainly present.
IO4
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[Apr., '19
Phylloxera salicola Perg.? (Text figs. A, C.)
1904. Phylloxera salicola Pergande, Proc. Davenport Acad. Sci., Vol.
9, pp. 267-69, pi. XXI, figs. 161-168.
1015. Phylloxera salicola Perg/; Davidson, Jn. EC. Ent, Vol. 8, p.
419, pi. 25.
In life. Exposed upon the bark of the host, chiefly on the
smaller twigs. Entirely covered with wooly, white secretion.
Apterous female. Length (flattened on slide) .9 mm. or less. Shape
regularly oval, slightly more pointed posteriorly. Dorsum with numer-
ous areas of pores, these arranged in three more or less definite, longi-
tudinal rows. Each cluster of pores is grouped around a small spine,
A, C.— Phylloxera salicola Pergande (?) ; apterous female and antenna of same. Speci-
men from Populus trichocarpa.
B, D. — Phylloxera stanfordiana n. sp.; apterous female and antenna of same. All figures
drawn to same scale.
the clusters on the head being largest, the others becoming progress-
ively smaller posteriorly. Derm otherwise smooth, not at all roughened
or beset with fine points. Last two segments each with a small, trans-
verse, chitinized area. Ventrally there is a small cluster of pores
behind each of the first pair of spiracles. Antennae short, the third
segment about as long as the other two combined, annulations few and
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOI, dCIC \l, \K\VS. IO5
very faint, extreme tip apparently with a small sensorium. Beak
reaching somewhat beyond the posterior legs, eight-segmented. Ab-
dominal spiracles apparently lacking.
Hosts. From Populus trichocarpa and Sali.v sp., S?.n Fran-
cisquito Creek, near Stanford University, California, and from
Populus candicans, Salt Lake City, Utah, (R. W. Doane, coll.).
Notes. I am inclined to regard it as somewhat doubtful that
this is really P. salicola Perg. The original description lacks
definiteness in regard to the most important details and the
figure is somewhat impressionistic but it is obvious that the
species at hand is at least close to salicola. It certainly is not
P. popiilaria Pergande as the latter is described and figured
as having the dorsum thickly beset with minute points. The
description and figures here presented, will, it is hoped, aid
in clearing the matter up.
I am entirely unable to separate the specimens found on
poplar from those found on willow, the only visible difference
being that the abdominal groups of pores are perhaps a trifle
larger in the specimens from the latter host. In the specimens
from poplar in Utah, this difference is quite noticeable, the
number of pores in all the groups being much reduced, some
of those toward the posterior end of the abdomen bemg en-
tirely lacking.
It may be noted that the above descriptions are based upon
carefullv stained material.
The Naiad of the Odonate Genus Coryphaeschna.
By CLARENCE HAMILTON KENNEDY, North Carolina State
College, West Raleigh. Xorth Carolina.
Recently while examining Mr. Rrimley's collection of in-
teresting southern Odonata the writer was shown among other
immature specimens the largest aeshnine naiad* he had ever
seen — a regular behemoth of a naiad. Mr. Rrimley believed
*See Comstock. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., iqi8, vol. XI, pp. 222-224.
I have adopted Prof. Comstock's term for the imnuture state of the
Odonata. It is a most happy term for distinguishing the immature
stages of the aquatic orders.
io6
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[Apr., '19
it to be Coryphaeschna iiigens, but very kindly suggested that
the writer try to identify it more definitely and describe it.
This specimen was taken by Mr. Brimley, May 26, 1908, at
Lake Ellis, Craven County, which is in the lowlands of south-
eastern North Carolina. It was found on the shores of the
lake and had died in the act of emergence, for the skin had
3
Coryphaeschna ingetis naiad.
Fig- i.— Dorsal view, natural size.
Fig. 2. — Lateral view of appendages.
Fig. 3. — Lateral view of prothorax showing the lateral process of the middle
lobe and the supracoxal processes.
split and the thorax protruded in a large hump, but no part of
the imago had been withdrawn from the naidal skin. The
genus was determined by removing a wing pad and boiling the
crumpled wing in caustic potash while the species was checked
by elimination as no other species in the genus has Been re-
Vol. xxx ] ENTOMOLOGICAL XEWS. 107
corded so far north, and by the shape of the appendages which
were fully expanded within the abdominal skin, as good for-
tune had let this be a male. The following is the descrip-
tion :
Total length 65 mm., abdomen 44 mm., hind femur 8 mm.; width of
abdomen 10 mm.
Body elongate, slender, smooth ; a narrow sharply defined stripe
down the middorsal line of the abdomen, a lateral stripe twice the
width of the dorsal stripe above each lateral keel ; legs probably ob-
scurely banded in life.
Head slightly concave behind, its posterior margin being a thin edge ;
the hind angles are almost right angles, obtuse but well defined and
not rounded, neither do they carry any spines or other armature ; sides
of head straight, diverging cephalad slightly, three-fifths as long as the
eye. The labium is missing, but from the very flat under surface of
the head it is wide anteriorly and from the shape of the submentum
extends at least posterior to the first coxae. Antennae seven-jointed,
minute.
Prothorax with the median lobe terminating laterally in a prominent,
obtusely rounded point which is larger than either supracoxal process;
posterior supracoxal process more than twice the size of the anterior
one, its point rounded. Tn life probably the hind wing pads extend
to the apex of abdominal segment 3. The legs are noticeably small
for so large a naiad because when these are extended the claws of the
hind leg reach only to the middle of segment 5.
Abdomen widest at segments 5-7, whence it tapers regularly
cephalad to segment i, which is two-thirds as wide, and caudad to
segment 10, which is one-half as wide. Segment 10 is one-half as long
as either segment 5 or segment 6. There are lateral spines on seg-
ments 6-O, but all are small, slender and acute, those on segment 6
being minute and easily overlooked. The superior appendage and
ventral paired appendages are equal in length and two and one-third
times as long as segment 10. The dorsal paired appendages are sub-
equal to the others and very slender. The superior appendage is slen-
der, widely cleft at the apex and has a single, dorsal tubercle directed
caudad placed at one-third of the distance from base to apex.
This naiad resembles those of the genus .-Icshiiti in the ma-
jority of its characters, especially in having lateral spines on
segments 6-9 and in having a single tubercle on the superior
appendage of the male. It differs from the known naiads of
the- North American Aeshnas in having tin- dorsal paitvd ap-
pendages with their length scarcely less than that of the others
IOS ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Apr.,'l<)
and in having the posterior angle of the head thin-edged and
more angulate than in any described Acshna. It differs from
Ana.v in the small eye, the angulate head and in having, in this
male skin, but a single tubercle on the superior appendage
where there is a pair in the latter. It differs from Bo\cria,
Nasiacschna, Basiaeschna and Eplaeschna in having the ap-
pendages all of approximately equal length.
The specimen described has been deposited in the Academy
of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Pa.
Descriptions of New Species of Coleophora (Micro-
lepidoptera).
By ANNETTE F. BRAUN, Cincinnati, Ohio.
The following paper contains descriptions of a number of
species of Coleophora reared by the writer. Of these here
described, one, C. viburniella Clemens, was previously named
from case and larva. C. cretaticostclla Clemens was described
from flown specimens, without knowledge of the life history.
The remaining five are described as new. As far as the writer
can determine from comparison with published descriptions of
species taken only in the imaginal state, none of these has
been described before. It has not been possible to make a
comparison with types. In connection with the matter of types,
it may be well to call attention to some remarkable statements
of Chambers made in "Correspondence" with the Canadian
Entomologist (Vol. IX. pp. 38-40). Here, after remarking
that he seldom took the trouble to pin and spread common
species at all. Chambers makes this statement: ''But a few
years ago I began to make a collection to be preserved as types
of all my species. These were all pinned and spread. Un-
fortunately, during my absence in Colorado, the greater part
of this collection was destroyed. One or more specimens of
the greater number of species were fortunately prrs -rved, and
most of the other species can be supplied. This collection is
now in the Cambridge Museum. It contains types — pinned and
spread — of something over 200 species." It mav well be
Vol. xxx ] KXTOMor.o';rr.\T. NEWS.
109
doubted whether in a genus such as Colcophora, where the
species require such careful discrimination, Chambers' types
always represent the actual species described. Only where the
type is in the best condition of preservation, could most species
be determined with certaintv. It is not, therefore, in my opin-
ion, advisable to withhold from publication descriptions of
species whose life history is known, because the certainty of
future easy determination of such species will far outweigh
any disadvantage occasioned by the possible creation of
synonyms.
Coleophora apicella n. sp.
Head shining brassy; palpi simple; basal four-fifths of the antennae
black slightly thickened with scales, apical fifth silvery white, with
each segment marked beneath witli a minute black spot. Thorax
brassy. Fore wings lustrous brassy at the extreme base, shading out-
wardly into reddish bronze or deep blue according to the light. Hind
wings, legs and abdomen dark brown, with a slight brassy lustre.
Expanse: 9.5-11 mm.
Locality: Cincinnati, Ohio. Type ( 9 ) and paratypes (two
males, seven females) in the writer's collection.
The larval cases are found on the lower side of the rosette
leaves of the fire pink (Silcnc rirci'mlca L.). The summer case,
which is spun entirely of grayish silk, is cylindrical, three-
valved at apex, with mouth scarcely or not at all deflexed.
This case is gradually enlarged during the summer, but retains
its general shape until the following spring, when the larva
resumes feeding on the overwintering leaves. Tn the forma-
tion of the mature case, the overwintering case is split open
and may be distinguished as a darker gray patch occupying
about one-half the dorsal surface of the completed case. The
mature case is cylindrical, / to 9 mm. long, with slightly de-
flexed mouth, the silk between the mouth and the old part of
the case roughened and wrinkled transversely : it tapers some-
what posteriorly, flaring again to form the conspicuously three-
valved apex. The larvae feed until about the middle of May :
images, A Fay 31 to June 10.
The moth is distinguished from the other bronzy metallic
species bv the silvery apical fifth of the antennae.
IIO ENTOMOLOGICAL XKNYS. [Apr., 'iQ
Coleophora viburniella Clemens.
Colcophora riburnicUa Clemens, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila., I, 79, 1861 ;
Tin. No. Am., 167, 1872.
This species was originally named from larva and case ; the
characteristic case described by Clements renders its recogni-
tion certain. Three cases with larvae feeding on black haw
(Viburnum pninifolium L.) were collected August 27, in
Clermont County, Ohio. From these one moth was reared,
emerging May 30 of the following year. The description of
the imago follows.
Head white, slightly tinged with yellow ; palpi white with a little
fuscous on the under side. Antennae with the basal segment enlarged
with a yellowish white tuft projecting in front and a little at apex;
stalk white, annulate with dark brown.
Thorax and base of fore wings whitish. The wings shade into straw
color, which becomes deeper toward apex and slightly coppery-tinged.
Hind wings grayish, toward the apex becoming concolorous with the
fore wings. Legs white. Abdomen white beneath, grayish yellow
above and fuscous along the mid-dorsal line. Expanse: 11.5 mm.
Three cases are cut from the leaf ; the first cut from a mine in
the middle of the leaf, the second and third from the margin of
the leaf. Before forming the -second case, the first is attached
at the margin of the leaf, from which the larva mines into the
leaf, and then cuts out a triangular piece of leaf, of which the
angle projecting into the leaf forms the mouth, the other angles
of the triangle at the leaf margins forming the projections
"near the hinder end above and below" of which Clemens
speaks. The third case is formed likewise by the addition of
a triangular piece of mined leaf, similarly cut. Here, however,
the second case is attached very near the long very oblique
cut which forms the lower edge of the case. The upper edge
of the case is formed of a shorter slightly oblique cut and the
serrated margin of the leaf (the two remaining sides of the
triangle) ; the resulting pointed flat projection constituting the
"flattened wing-like appendage." The surface of the case is
doubly convex in a line from mouth to apex, the projections
on each side remaining flat. Length of case 10 mm. ; height of
wing-like appendage above the case 2.5 mm.
When collected, the larvae were in process of constructing
the last case, and continued to feed for about six weeks.
\ol.XXx] ENTCniUl.oCICAL NHWS. Ill
Coleophora cretaticostella Clemens.
Coleophora cretaticostella Clemens, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil., 1860,
5; Tin. No. Am., 89, 1872; Chambers, Can. Ent., VII, 124, 1875;
X, 112, 1878; Busck, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., V, 192, 1903.
I have eleven specimens reared on blackberry, two captured speci-
mens from Cincinnati and one captured specimen from Bedford,
Massachusetts, which I refer to this species. The general ground color
is a shining ocherous, deepest in the apex and along the border of the
broad white costal streak, becoming much paler, and in worn specimens
whitish toward the dorsal margin. It is only somewhat worn speci-
mens which show the streaking with ocherous, really due to the slight
abrasion of the surface along the veins. The scales thickening the
basal segment of the antennae form, in perfect specimens, a tuft pro-
jecting not only in front but for the length of two segments at the
apex.
The cases are found on the under side of leaves of black-
berry, the larvae mining into the leaves during late summer
and fall, and in the spring feeding on the young leaves which
they skeletonize in irregular patches. Four cases are cut
from the mined leaf, of which the third and fourth show on
the dorsal edge the serrations of the margin of the leaf.
Usually a portion of the earliest case and often part of the
second are lost before the fourth piece of leaf is added. In cut-
ting this last portion of the case, the preceding case is attached
on the under side of the leaf near the margin so that when
first constructed, this portion of the completed case is not in
a line with the earlier portion. The larva winters in this case,
which is at this time flattened, with the separate leaf frag-
ments of which it is constructed easily distinguishable, and
shows the leaf serrations along its upper edge; the lower edge-
is undulating with a distinct projection marking the hind end of
the last leaf fragment. The case becomes much worn during
the winter, and where the larvae winter on the food plant in
the open, the serrations on the dorsal edge, and often much of
the leaf covering of the case are worn off. In the spring the
case is rounded out. further strengthened with silk which may
partially cover the worn leaf surfaces, so that the mature case
often bears slight resemblance to the case of the fall before.
This case is evenlv curved backward on its dorsal surface: on
112
ENTOMOLOGICAL XK\\ S.
| Apr.,' 1
the under surface there is a slight hump ahout two-thirds from
the mouth, behind which the case narrows abruptly to the
rather pointed two-valved apex.
The moths appear from May 30 to June 10; the Massa-
chusetts specimen is dated June 20.
(To be continued.)
An Aberration of Polygonia progne (Lepid.).
By LAURENCE V. COLEMAN, Jamaica Plains, Boston, Massa-
chusetts.
Polygonia progne, ab. nov. martineae.
Expanse — 54 millimeters.
Upper Side — Primaries have the usual ferruginous marginal band
and submarginal patch at the inner angle suffused, forming a broad
marginal band of ferruginous, dusted along the margin with greyish
Polygonia progne, aber. nov. nuntineae.
lilac scales which are most numerous near the apex and at the inner
angle. Within the ferruginous border is a narrow irregular band
extending the entire width of the wing. Its anterior third is pale
yellow, which shades posteriorly into the fulvous ground color of the
normal form. The discal area of the wing is occupied by a large,
subtriangular, rich ferruginous patch, extending from the costa almost
Vol. XXxJ KXTOMnl.i Hiir.M. NEWS. II,}
to the inner margin. Its inner boundary form-; an <>1;tuse angle, whiK'
its emarginate outer edge encroaches deeply upon the narrow fulvous
band where it is crossed by the two branches of the cubitus vein. The
basal area is of the typical fulvous ground color, which also extends
narrowly along the inner margin of the \ving to join the fulvous sub-
marginal band. The center of the discal cell is marked by the two
usual spots. The costa is concolorous with the broad marginal band.
Secondaries are of a rich ferruginous color shading into well denned
greyish lilac along the costal and outer margins and on the tail. The
fulvous basal area and submarginal band of the primaries are continued
faintly on the secondaries. The dark color between these bars gi\es
the wings a general appearance of being crossed by a single dark band
on a slightly lighter field.
Under Side — The pattern and colors are essentially normal except in
a few minor respects. Primaries have the contrast between light and
dark areas less marked than normally, and the entire pattern is some-
what dulled. The usual dark band along the posterior two-thirds of
the outer margin is widened, and the greenish metallic crescents along
the inner border of this band are enlarged. Secondaries show much
less contrast between light and dark areas than do the primaries, but
more than do the normal secondaries. The greenish crescents, tho
indistinct, are present, and are spaced from the margin to correspond
with those in the primaries. The abnormally heavy silver mark is
striking. Its vertical limb is 0.5 mm. wide, while its horizontal one
tapers from the same width to a point. Each limb is 1.7 mm. long.
Type — Catalog No. 5500. Peabody Museum, Yale Univer-
sity.
One female without data. The specimen was probably cap-
tured in Connecticut, for it was pinned with miscellaneous
material from that locality.
"Seventeen Year Grasshoppers."
It is predicted that we arc to have the i~-year locusts this summer.
This brood of insects have been lying 15 or _>o feet under ground for
the past 17 years and now their long sleep is about to end, and when
the spring is full on its way the air will resound with their mu-ic.
This insect is popularly supposed to IK- a locust, but it is not so. It
is a grasshopper, the same that riddled Kansas and other green spot-
years auo. These interesting insects emerge from the ground at the
same moment, betake themselves to trees and ferns, raise their fami-
lies in a few weeks of aviation and son;,;, then drop to earth, reoccupy
their old haunts and resume their slumber for another T~-year period.
While mingling with terrestrial scenes they eat up everything they
can lay their months to and at the same time enjoying a delightful
cabaret with their feasting. < > f course these grasshoppers will wear
a big W on their wing^. which always means war. Hut this a new
and the choir may not appear."- -Newspaper.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., APRIL,
Swat the Fly Versus Starve the Brute.
This is the time of year when we think of many problems in
relation to domestic animals and plants. There is a renewed
effort to increase the egg-laying capacity of the domestic hen
and to decrease the activity of the cootie. The house-fly is a
domesticated animal and many so-called sanitarians are wag-
ing a war on this dipteron on account of its disease-transmit-
ting proclivities. The cry has been taken up to ''swat the fly,"
and so far as we know the word "swat" was coined by a
Kansan who used the term to sell illustrated postal cards. The
numbers of Mitsca domestica in a community form a rather
exact index of the amount of fermenting and decomposing
vegetable and animal matter that has become derelict and mis-
placed, and if one pair of flies, barring accident, will produce
billions of progeny in a single season, their early stages would
eat millions of pounds, or thousands of tons, of filth. It is
quite possible that this material is a distinct menace to health
and man should do his own scavenger work and not shove it
on to the proboscis of the poor fly. Buzzards and vultures
would not be tolerated and protected as scavengers if they
came into our houses and visited the cream pitcher and the
butter plate. It is time for our sanitarians to get busy, have
all filth removed from cities once a week and starve the fly,
and then there would be more time to study the nidification
of the hen. The fly swatter could also be relegated to the
museum as a curiosity. — HENRY SKINNER.
Crabro montanus Cresson. (Hym.).
Strand, in Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, 1916, p. 98, points out that
Crabro montanus Cresson, 1865, is a homonym of C. nwntanits Gistel
1857, and proposes for Cresson's- species the new name montivagans.
It is hard to understand why he did not at least look in Dalla Torre's
catalogue, where he would have found the available name Crabro
cristatus Packard. In our modern nomenclature, the species will be
Solcnius cristatus. — T. D. A. COCKEREI.L, Boulder, Colorado.
114
Vol. XXX J KXTO.MOl.nCICAI. NEWS. Ii;
Capture of Ants by Gummy Exudations (Hym.).
A number of years ago I observed tbat certain ants (Mynnica brcri-
nodis) were attracted by the gummy exudations of broken sunflower
stems and, attempting to eat the stick\ juice, were snared and finally
perished. A specimen showing this was figured and discussed by
Wheeler in Bull. Amer. Mus. Xat. Hist., XXII, p. 417. I then sur-
mised that the ants being essentially boreal and the sunflowers austral,
there was maladjustment where the ranges overlapped, owing to the
relatively short time since the organi.'ins occupied the same area.
Dr. Wheeler was skeptical, and a new case which has just come to
hand can hardly be explained in the manner suggested, since both
types concerned are characteristic of the arid plains. Mr. E. Bethel
sends a specimen of the plant LyijoiL-si lia juncca, collected at Denver,
on which are several workers of i ' >:/t>n<)iiiyrnic.r occidcntalis, with
their mandibles firmly fixed in the \vllow gum. The gum exudes
freely from the plants and the ants are caught and die, quite unable
to escape. Mr. Bethel assures me that many ants are killed in this
way. — T. D. A. COCKERELL, Boulder, Colorado.
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.
Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects, how-
ever, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be recorded.
The numbers in Heavy- Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered
in the following list, in which the papers are published.
All continued papers, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their
first installments.
The records of papers containing new species are all grouped at the
end of each Order of which they treat. Unless mentioned in the title,
the number of the new species occurring north of Mexico is given at
end of title, within brackets.
For records of Economic literature, see the Experiment Station Record,
Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied En-
tomology, Series A, London. For records of papers on Medical Ento-
mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B.
4 — Canadian Entomologist, London, Can. 6 — Journal of the
New York Entomological Society. 8 — The Entomologist's Month-
ly Magazine, London. 9 — The Entomologist, London. 10 — Pro-
ceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, D. C. 11—
Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London. 12 — Journal
of Economic Entomology, Concord. X. II. 17 — Lepidoptera, Bos-
ton, Mass. 19 — Bulletin of the I'.ronklyn Entomological Society.
23 — Bolletino del Laboratorio di /oologia Generale e Agraria,
Portici, Italy. 54 — Proceedings of the Biological Society of Wash-
ington, D. C. 68 — Science, Lancaster, Pa. 69— Comptes Rendus.
des Seances de 1'Academie des Sciences, Paris. 79— Bulletin of
n6 KXTO.MOLOCICAL M-;WS. [Apr.,'ii>
.tlie Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Cam-
bridge, Mass. 82 — The Ohio Journal of Science, Columbus. 83—
Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society, Edinburgh. 84 — Bole-
tin de la Sociedad Aragonesa de Ciencias Naturales, Zaragoza.
85 — The Journal of Experimental Zoology, Philadelphia. 86 — The
Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, London. 87 — Arkiv
for Zoologi, K. svenska vetenskapsakademien, Stockholm. 88—
Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michi-
gan, Ann Arbor.
GENERAL. Ball, E. D. — Economic entomology — its founda-
tions and future. 12, xii, 24-35. Foa, A. — L'epitelio dell'intestino
medio nel baco da seta sano e in quello malato di flaccidezza. 23,
xii, 217-44. Gibson, E. H. — Relation of the systematist to the eco-
nomic worker. 19, xiv, 1-3. Giulio, C. — Osservazion sull'influenza
della tiroide sullo sviluppo degli insetti (Atti. Reale Ac. d. Lincei,
1918, 376-9). Hampson, G. F. — Systematic papers published in the
German language. 68, x!ix, 193. Johnson, C. W. — Insect collec-
tions of a museum. (Museum Work, Am. Assoc. Mus., Providence,
R. I., i, 154-8. > Leng, C. W. — History of the New York Entomo-
logical Society, 1893-1918. 6, xxvi, 129-33. Longinos Navas, R. P.
— Insectos Chilenos. 84, xvii, 212-230. Nicholson, C. — Sugaring.
9, 1919, 43. Slosson, A. T.— Reminiscences of the early days of the
New York entomological society. 6, xxvi, 134-7. Torre Bueno,
J. R. — The far flung field of entomology. 19, xiv, 24.
PHYSIOLOGY, GENETICS, ETC. Castle, W. E.— Ts the ar-
rangement of the genes in the chromosome linear? The linkage
system of 8 sex-linked characters of Drosophila virilis. (Proc.
Nat. Ac. Sci. of U. S., v, 25-36.)
MEDICAL. Hutchison & Pierce — Studies on the dry cleaning
process as a means of destroying body lice. 10, xxi, 8-20. Pierce,
W. D. — Some new phases of the entomology of disease, hygiene
and sanitation brought about by the great war. 12, xii, 42-9.
ARACHNIDA AND MYRIAPODA. Barrows, W. M.— Taxo-
nomic position of Mysmena bulbifera (Glenognatha bulbifera) with
some observations on its habits. 82, xix. 210-12.
NEUROPTERA. Williamson, E. B. — Archaeogomphus, a new
genus of dragon-flies [from Colombia]. 88, No. 63.
ORTHOPTERA. Caudell, A. N. — Palinodes praetans and its
prey. 10, xxi, 40. Pantel, J. — La calcium dans la physiologic nor-
male des Phasmides: oeuf larve eclosante. 69, clxi. 127 9.
Davis, W. T. — A new Stagmomantis from Florida. 19, xiv, 4-7.
Vol. XXX I I fOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 117
HEMIPTERA. Baker, A. C.— Identity of Smynthurodes betae.
10, xxi, 36-8. Muir, F.— Some new [neotropical] American Delpha-
cidae. 4, 1919. :;5-9.
Davis, W. T. — Mississippi cicadas, with a key to the species of
the southeastern U. S. [l new]. 6, xxvi, 141-5.-,. Knight, H. H.—
Male of Lygus nnivittatus with the description of a new Lyyns.
19, xiv ,.'Jl-:2. McAtee, W. L.— -Xote on nearctic Hcteroptera ['2
new]. 19, xiv, 8-16.
LEPIDOPTERA. Ehrmann, G. A.- New tropical American
Papilios. 17, iii, 10-11 (cont.). Forbes, W. T. M.— Guenee's Her-
minidae revived. 6, xxvi, 224-5. Kaye, W. J.— New South Ameri-
can butterflies. 11, iii. 215-18. Prout, L. B.— New and insufficiently
known moths in the Joicey collection [some neotropical]. 11, iii,
165-90. Unzicker, R.— Notes on Basilarchia astyanax var. albofas-
ciata. 17, iii, 9-10.
Franck, G. — Papilio cresphontes, var, maxwelli, nov. 19, xiv, 3.
DIPTERA. Bfczzi, M.— Ulteriori notizie sul gen. Himantostoma
Lw. 23, xii. :>r2-4. Brues, C. T.— The Phoridae of Grenada. 79,
Ixii, 499-506. Edwards, F. W.— Some parthenogenetic Chironomi-
dae. 11, iii, 222-8. Keilin, D.— On the structure of the larvae a.nd
the systematic position of the genera Mycetobia, Dityomyia, Sym-
merus. 11, iii, :!3-42. Riley, W. A.— Occurrence of Drosophila
larvae and puparia in bottled milk. 12, xii, 41. Stark, M. B. — An
hereditary tumor. 85, xxvii, 509-:'?. Townsend, C. H. T.— Note
on Leskiine synonymy. 10, xxi, 20. Wallis, E. F. — The "singing" of
Syrphus ribesii while at rest. 8, 1919, 33.
Johnson, C. W.— North American D. described by Nils S. Swe-
derus !l n. name]. 4, l'.H9. 32. Malloch, J. R. — One new genus
and two n. sps. of Anthomyiidae from the vicinity of Washington,
D. C. 54, xxxii, 1-4.
COLEOPTERA, Aurivillus, C.— Neue oder wenig bekannte C.
longicornia [some neotropical]. 87, x. :::;5-M). Blatchley, W. S.—
Home of Hormops and its proper position among other Rhyncho-
phora. 8, xxvi, l.V.-iil. Burke, H. E. — Biological notes on some
flat-headed bark borers of the genus Meianophila. 12, xii, 105-8.
Claycomb, G. B. — Notes on the habits of hcterocerous beetles. 4,
1919. :>5. Hayes, W. P. — Life-cycle of Lachnosterna lanceolata.
12, xii, 109-117. Huie, L. H. The bionomics cf the tiger beetle
(Cicindela campestris). 83, xx. 1-11. Munro, J. W. — The genv-
Jlylastcs, and its importance in y: a stud\ in scoiytid struc-
ture and biology. 83, xx, 123-53. Nicolay, A. S. — A list of the
lluprestidac and Cerambycidae t;.ken <>n Long M;ui<l. N. Y. 19,
xiv, 1 ;-:.'(> (cont.). Notman, H. • r.orraphilu<, ;i genus of staphvli-
Il8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. | Apr. ,'19
nid C. new to No. America [l new]. 6, xxvi, 182-89. Razzauti, A.
-Contribute alia conoscenza del tonchio del faginolo (Acanthos-
celides obtectus). 23, xii, 94-12:2. Sharp, D. — Studies in Rhyncho-
phora. VI. "The New York weevil." 6, xxvi, 215-18.
Fall, H. C. — New No. American species -of Apion [7 new]. 6,
xxvi, 218-23. Fisher, W. S. — Note on Macrobasis murina. A new
gen. and sp. of Cerambycidae from Colorado. 10, xxi, 1-2; 38-40.
Leng, C. W. — A new race of Cicindela, with notes on other races
and species. Notes on some changes in the list of C. 6, xxvi, 138-
41; 201-11. Pierce, W. D. — Contribution to our knowledge of the
weevils of the superfamily Curculionoidea [new gen. & families].
10, xxi, 21-36. Schaeffer, C. — On some genera and species of the
family Ostomidae C.12 new]. Miscellaneous coleopterological notes
and descriptions [4 new]. 6, xxvi, 190-201; 211-14. Van Dyke,
E. C. — Review of the species of the coleopterous genus Silis, which
are found in America, north of Mexico [7 new]. A new gen. and
sp. of cave-dwelling carabidae from the U. S. 6, xxvi, 161-79;
179-82.
HYMENOPTERA. Bequaert, J.— Identity of Evania urbana,
190S, and E. punctata. 1832. 19, xiv, 23. Cockerell, T. D. A.— De-
scriptions and records of bees [some neotropical]. 11, iii, 118-25:
191-98. Imms, A. D. — Observations on the insect parasites of some
Coccidae. 86, Ixiii, 293-374. MacGillivray, A. D. — Leucopelmonus
confnsus. 4, 1919, 33-5.
Cockerell, T. D. A. — [Four] new and little known American bees.
4, 1919, 26-8. Gahan, A. B. — A new gen. of chalcid-wasp belonging
to tbe family Eulophidae [l new sp.]. 10, xxi, 2-4. Rohwer, S.
A. — Descriptions of 3 parasites of Agrilus angelicus. 10, xxi, 4-8.
Roman, A. — Ichneumoniden aus West-Groenland [2 new]. 87,
x, No. 22.
Doings of Societies.
Entomological Section of The Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia.
Meeting of November 21, 1918. Director Philip Laurent in the
chair, ten persons present. The death of Mr. Erich Daecke, an Asso-
ciate, was announced.
Mr. Rehn called attention to the valuable work being done by C. D.
Sherborn in establishing tbe dates of issue of many of the works of
early authors which were issued in parts.
Hymenoptera. Mr. Cresson exhibited a nest of small bees found
in a dye-wood log from Tehuantepec, Central America. Mr. Rehn
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. M'J
spoke of the work of Dr. Bequaert in the Belgian Congo, especially
his Revision of the Vespidae from that region. The speaker called
attention to the homely but expressive remarks regarding the
similarity in the different color phases existing in the wasps of widely-
separated genera. The peculiar structure observed at the base of the
abdomen of some species, which Dr. Bequaert termed acarid cavities,
was commented on by the speaker.
Lepidoptera. Mr. Laurent exhibited a series of 15 female speci-
mens of Eurymus (Colias) fhllodlce, collected at Mt. Airy, Philadel-
phia, which showed great variation in the presence and absence of
yellow scales in the black border of the anterior wings. Specimen
No. i has the border entirely black without a yellow scale, while No. 15
has nearly as much yellow as black. — E. T. CRESSON, JR., Recorder.
Feldman Collecting Social.
Meeting of December 18, 1918, at the residence of H. W. Wenzel,
5614 Stewart St., Philadelphia. Nine members present, Mr. Ernest
Baylis, of this city, and Mr. Edgar Vandermark, of Falls Church, Va.,
visitors. Pres. H. W. Wenzel in the chair.
Coleoptera. Mr. Baylis exhibited some specimens he had collected,
among the rare forms being: Toxotus cylindricollis Say, Pocono
Lake, Pennsylvania, VII-3I, Acinacops thoracica Hald., Castle Rock,
Pennsylvania, IV-i6, and Buprestis ultramarina Say, Clementon, New
Jersey, V-i6. Dr. Castle exhibited a specimen of Platynus Icrralis
LeC. from Uniontown, Pennsylvania, IX-20, and an unnamed allied
species from Port Columbia, Washington, VI-2O-I5; also a heavily
marked race of Cicindela hirticnllis Say from Kent Island, Maryland,
VI-30.
Diptera. Mr. Hornig exhibited specimens illustrating life histories
of nine species of local mosquitoes.
Lepidoptera. Mr. Laurent exhibited a number of Lepidoptera col-
lected by Air. H. W. Wenzel, among which was a specimen of Plitsia
balhica Geyer from West Philadelphia, VIIT-2O. The speaker stated
that this was one of the most beautiful as well as one of the rarest
Plusias found locally.
The 3 ist annual meeting was held January 15, 1919, at the same
place. Eleven members were present. Messrs. H. B. Kirk and Josef
N. Knull, of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, visitors; Pres. H. W. Wenzel
in the chair.
The President read his annual address, which was ordered to be in-
corporated in the minutes.
The present officers were re-elected to serve for 1919 and are as
follows: President. H. W. Wenzel; Viee-1'resident, Wm. S. Hunt-
I2O ENTOMOLOGICAL XF.WS. |Apr.,'lQ
ington ; Treasurer, H. \V. Wenzel ; Secretary, Geo. M. Greene, and
Assistant Secretary, J. Wagoner Green.
Coleoptera. Messrs. Kirk and Knull detailed some of their methods
of rearing Cerambycidae in the state insectary. Air. Hornig exhibited
a specimen of Carnl us neinoralis Mull, which he collected in German-
town, Philadelphia. X-is-iS. Dr. Castle exhibited from Uniontown,
Pennsylvania, Scal'liinntits •: iiluits Dej., VII-io to VIII-27, S. f/ennari
Chaud. VII-20 to VIII-25 and S. ridiugsii Bland VII-io to VIII-is.
Mr. H. A. Wenzel spoke of sieving material collected from a swamp
at Upper Darby. Delaware County, Pennsylvania, 1-5-19, and finding
Dicer,i pugionata Germ, (previous records of which were beating
alder in June and July) and D. lurida Fabr. ; he was surprised to
find them hibernating.
Orthoptera. Mr. Huntington mentioned a man from Sewell, New
Jersey, who trapped roaches in his house by placing a sponge soaked
with vinegar, over which was spread sugar and grated onions, in a
screen trap which was placed in a dark room and proved a great
success.
Diptera. Mr. Hornig said he had had a complaint from a house
that many small flies were in the dining-room and found they were
Drosophila in great numbers, but was unable to find the manner in
which they bred. — GEO. 'M. GREENE. Sec'v.
Ohio Entomological Workers.
The Annual Stale Meeting of Entomological Workers in Ohio Insti-
tutions was held in the Botany and Zoology Building, Ohio State Uni-
versity, Columbus, Ohio, on Thursday, January 30, 1919.
Brief addresses were made by Raymond C. Osburn, Head, Depart-
ment of Zoology ?nd Entomology, Ohio State University; H. A. Gos-
sard, Entomologist, Experiment Station, and E. C. Cotton, Chief,
Bure?u of Horticulture.
The following reports and papers were presented : H. A. Gossard,
Timely Notes: Herbert Osborn, Further Notes on Meadow Insects;
W. C. Kraat7, A Study of Scirtes iibiulis Guer. ; W. M. Barrows,
Grassland Spiders Stratification in Associations; Robert K. Fletcher,
A few notes on the Miridae of Meadows and Pastures; D. C. Mote,
Report on Anthelmintic Experiments; T. H. Parks, The Bioclimatic
Law (Law of Altitude, Latitude and Longitude) as Applied to Hessian
Fly Control in Ohio; Edna Mosher, Some Interesting Beetle Larvae;
A. J. Basinger, Preliminary Studies in Ohio Tachinidae; C. H. Young,
Notes on Tropisternus glaber (Llerhst) ; R. C. Osburn, The Onion Fly,
Eumcrus strigatus, in Ohio; J. S. Hine. The University Entomological
Collect'ons; J. S. Houscr, An Undeveloped Profession.
T. S. Hnrsi R. ,SVr;v/<jrv.
Entomological Books
Complete Set
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phia, Vols. I-VI, and Transactions American
Entomological Society, Vols. I-XL, with Sup-
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on Insects.
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ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
Vol. XXX.
No. 5
Thaddeus William Harris
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ADVISORY COMMITTEE:
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• - -
•
ENT. NEWS, Vol. XXX.
Plate VI.
FREDERIC DuCANE GODMAN.
I* MAY,, ,9,<<
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
AND
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
Mu*^
VOL. XXX.
MAY, 1919.
No. 5.
CONTENTS:
Obituary — F. D. Godman 121
Weiss and Nicolay — Notes on Zeugo-
phora scutellaris Suffr. , a European
Poplar Leaf-miner, in N. J. (Col.)- 124
Braun — Descriptions of New Species of
Coleophora ( Micro-lepidoptera). . . 127
Marchand— Collecting the Larvae of
Tabanus and Chrysops (Dip.) .... 131
Aldrich — Leiomyza in North America
(Dipt., Drosophilidae). 137
Gage— The Staining of Coccids ( Horn.) 142
Editorial— Entomologia Resurgens
Belgica 144
Wellhouse — An Horrid Feeding on Rust
Spores ( Itonididae, Diptera ) 144
Entomological Literature 145
Review — Comstock's The Wings of In-
sects 148
Doings of Societies— American Ento-
mological Society 150
Feldman Collecting Social (Coleop.) 150
Frederic DuCane Godman.
( Portrait, Plate VI.)
Dr. F. D. Godman, a founder and editor of the Biolin/ia
Centrali- Americana and a writer on butterflies, birds and other
subjects in natural history, died February 19, 1919.
Two autobiographical notices of Dr. Godman have been
published. One is in the second volume of the Jubilee Supple-
ment of The Ibis for March, 1909 ; it is in the third person,
either having been written by himself or compiled from notes
furnished by him. The other, in the first person, is in the
Introduction to the Introductory Volume of the Biolot/ia, Lon-
don, 1915. From them the present account is derived.
Frederick DuCane Godman, third son of Joseph Godman,
of Park Hatch, Surrey, was born on January 15. 1^34. lie
attended Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge, but
121
122 ENTOMOLOGICAL, NEWS. [May. 'ig
before going to Cambridge he made a tour to Constantinople,
the Black Sea and Greece, during which, deliberately emulating
Leander, he swam the Hellespont to the Asiatic side.
It was in October, 1853, that he went to Cambridge, where,
already interested in natural history, he soon became acquainted
with Osbert Salvin and the brothers Newton, and together
they made many ornithological and lepidopterological expedi-
tions in the neighborhood.
In August, 1861, he and Salvin went to Jamaica, Belize and
Guatemala, collecting birds, insects, plants and fishes. A trip
to the Azores, in 1864, yielded a book (The Azores, 1870) on
the natural history results of the expedition. In 1872 he vis-
ited the Canaries and Madeira to compare their faunas more
critically with that of the Azores.
In 1878, he and Salvin matured their plans for publishing
some connected record of their natural history experiences in
Central America, the now well known Biologia Ccntrali- Ameri-
cana, the first part of which appeared in September, i87g, and
the last, the Introductory Volume, in 1915. In the summer
of 1879 they, in conjunction with H. J. Elwes and W. A.
Forbes, collected Alpine butterflies in the Dauphine Alps. In
1886, he and Elwes collected plants, birds and butterflies in
many parts of India and in Ceylon..
In 1887, he was recommended by his doctor to spend the
winter in a warmer climate and so went by way of New York
to Central and Southern Mexico, collecting material for the
great work. He was accompanied by Mr. and Mrs. H. H.
Smith, ''who proved marvellously good collectors in various
branches of entomology."
He was not only a collector himself, but also purchased
many insects brought together by others, such as Lidderdale's
North Indian, Bates' Amazonian and H. Druce's butterflies;
Salle's, Boucard's, Ferrer's and Hoge's Mexican and Central
American Coleoptera, F. Bates' Heteromera, part of J. S.
Baly's Phytophaga, Janson's Elateridae, and miscellaneous col-
lections by Becker, Biolley, Blancaneaux, Conradt. Gaunu-r.
Janson, Lankester, Morrison, Rhoads, Staudinger, Under-
wood, Van Patten, Wittkugel and others. Among those whom
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 123
he and Salvin employed for the collecting of insects and other
specimens for the Biologia were G. C. Champion, H. Rogers,
E. Arce, \Y. B. Richardson, F. B. Armstrong, W. Lloyd and
M. Trujillo.
All of these collections were subsequently presented to the
British Museum of Natural History, of which Dr. Godman
became a trustee. Some indication of their extent has been
given in the NEWS for May, 1916, page 196.
From very early days Godman exhibited an intense love of
sport — hunting, fishing, shooting and stalking; he often fol-
lowed the hounds. He keenly enjoyed horticulture and he
collected ceramic ware.
Oxford made him a D.C.L. ; he was a fellow of the Royal
Society, President of the Entomological Society of London
(1891-2), and of the British Ornithologists' Union, etc.
His great contribution to biology is the series of volumes
forming the Biologia Centrali- Americana, accounts of which
have been given in the NEWS for December, 1905, and May,
1916, and we have expressed our appreciation thereof editori-
ally in the latter number. It is not superfluous to recall here
and now that, in conjunction with Salvin and others, he wrote
the volumes on Lepidoptera Rhopalocera and on Birds, as well
as a large part of the Introductory Volume ; in the treatment
of the Hesperidae he made much use of characters drawn
from the male genitalia.
The most recent letter which the writer received from Dr.
Godman is dated December 4, 1915, and reads, in part:
Very many thanks for your kind letter of congratulations on the
completion of the "Biologia." Of course, after so many years, I am
glad to see it finished. Had it not been for the kind assistance I have
had from the large number of contributors, nearly all of which has
been gratuitous, it could not have been done.
As one of those contributors, with the recollections of
nearly ten years of my early manhood largely devoted to a
small part of the Bioloyhi, I feel with the passing of Dr. God-
man— whom, alas, T never met personally — as if a certain por-
tion of my own life also had passed away.
PlIIUI1 P. C \I.VI£RT
124 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, 'iQ
Notes on Zeugophora scutellaris Suffr., a European
Poplar Leaf-miner, in New Jersey (Col.).
By HARRY B. WEISS and ALAN S. NICOLAY, New Brunswick,
N. J.
This Chrysomelid, not heretofore recorded from New Jer-
sey, was first observed in the State by Mr. Nicolay in a nursery
at Arlington on June 23, where it was feeding on the foliage
of poplar (Popiilns deltoidrs). It is a European species oc-
curring in Middle Europe and also appears to be widely dis-
tributed in the United States. A specimen in the Schaeffer
collection is labelled "New Mexico" ; Mr. C. A. Frost writes
that he has a specimen from Champaign, Illinois, and Blatch-
ley in his "Coleoptera of Indiana" records it as rare in Starke
and Wells counties. He further states that it was beaten from
the leaves of hickory. In New Jersey we have found it only
on poplar. Smith, in his list of the insects of New Jersey (N.
J. State Mus. Report, 1909), mentions a related species, Z. i<ari-
ans Crotch, as being rare on poplar, and Blatchley also records
this latter species from Indiana under similar conditions.
In New Jersey Zeugophora scutellaris is a feeder on poplar
during its adult stage, and a leaf miner during its larval stages.
It was very plentiful during the last week of June. The adults
were active in the sunshine and when disturbed some would
drop for six or eight inches, then recover and fly off. Many
were observed in copula. The terminal leaves were preferred
for feeding purposes and everything appeared to be eaten
except the upper leaf surface and the supporting veins, even
the smallest veins being left. The leaves were therefore skele-
tonized from the lower surface. Later, the upper leaf tissue
and the veins dry and break, leaving irregular holes.
Eggs are deposited on the leaves and the larvae mine the
tissue during July. By the first week in August many are full
grown. They then leave the mines and drop to the ground
in which pupation takes place, the adults appearing the early
part of the next summer.
During the middle of September it was possible to find the
yellowish, curved larvae from one to five inches below the
Vol. xxx !
KNTOMOLodlCAI, NHWS.
125
surface of the soil, most of them bein«- at a depth of only one
or one and one-half inches. Many of these larvae had been in
the soil over one month and showed no signs of pupating.
From this it seems likely that pupation takes place during the
spring.
The larval mines are blackish, irregular and blotch-like.
Poplar leaves showing larval mines and adult feeding of Zeitgophora scntellai ;'.v.
many of them extending over an entire leaf surface. They
show more plainly on the upper surface, and as a rule only
faintly on the lower. Usually a mine contained one larva, but in
126 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, '19
a few cases two, and as many as four were found. The com-
bined feeding and mining produces an injury which results
in killing the foliage completely, most of it drying and falling
to the ground. At Arlington the infestation was so severe that
practically every leaf on four or five medium sized trees was
infested.
Egg from dissected female. Length 0.6 mm. Greatest width 0.2
mm. Yellowish, oval, with broadly rounded extremities, one end slightly
wider than the other, chorion smooth. Females collected on July i
and dissected were found to contain from eight to thirteen well de-
veloped eggs and others in the process of development.
Full grown larra. Length 4-5.5 mm. Width, including tubercles,
1.7 mm. Color yellowish white, becoming yellowish when full grown,
head and mouth parts dark. Body somewhat depressed, composed of
13 segments, apodous, anal end subtruncate. Sides of thorax and abdo-
men subparallel. Head with projecting mouth parts subtriangular, bear-
ing median, dorsal dark line and several hairs. First thoracic segment
flat, twice as long as second ; second and third of equal length ; first
thoracic segment with faint, dorsal, transverse, foveiform impression,
remaining thoracic and all abdominal segments except the last with
transverse, undulating, impressed line on dorsal surface; lateral margin
of first thoracic segment bearing two hairs ; lateral dorsal portions
second and third thoracic segments and each abdominal segment bearing
two hairs arranged transversely. Abdominal segments subequal in
length ; sides of abdominal segments I to 8 produced into triangular
tubercles, each bearing a hair. Ventral surface somewhat similar to
dorsal, except that the lateral portions of the thoracic and abdominal
segments bear only one hair. All hairs comparatively long, with some-
what tuberculate bases.
Adult. This was described by Suffrian in his paper "Frag-
rriente zur genauern Kenntniss deutscher Kafer" (Entomo-
logische Zeitung, zu Stettin, 1840), who gives Populus nigra
as the food plant and the localities Aschersleben, Magdeburg
and near Leipzig. The following description is from the
original and from Blatchley's re-description :
"Elongate-oblong, convex. Black, except for the head, thorax, legs,
pro- and mesosterna and the first three antennal joints which are clear
yellow. Scutellum brownish. Thorax longer than wide, strongly con-
vex, sides extended into prominent tubercles, surface coarsely punctate.
Antennae stout, less than half the length of the body. Length 3.5-
4.5 mm."
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMol.oClfA], NEWS. 1 _'7
It is evident that the life history and habits of ZeugopJwra
scutcllaris are similar to those of Z. fhn'icollis. Kaltenbach,
writing about this latter species in Pflanzenfeinde, 1874, p. 544,
states that it occurs in Sweden and Germany on poplar, that
the adults feed on the lower leaf surfaces and that the larvae
are miners in the leaves of Popttlits nigra, the mines consisting
of black spots on the upper surfaces. The larvae are legless,
yellow with brown heads and flattened serrate bodies. Pupa-
tion takes place in the soil, the adults appearing- in May of the
following year.
\Ye are indebted to Mr. C. \V. Leng for supplying us with
references to the foreign literature and to Mr. A. J. Mutchler,
who, through the courtesy of Dr. F. E. Lutz, showed us this
literature in the American Museum of Natural History.
Descriptions of New Species of Coleophora (Micro-
lepidoptera).
By ANNETTE F. BRAUN, Cincinnati, Ohio.
(Continued from page 112.)
Coleophora polemoniella n. sp.
Head brown, palpi white, with a minute projecting tuft on the second
segment, and marked with a brown streak along the outer side of the
second and lower side of the third segment. Antennae with the basal,
and three or four succeeding segments slightly thickened with scales ;
stalk whitish, annulate with brown. Thorax brown.
Fore wings golden brown, a distinct, rather broad white streak along
the costa, fading out beyond the middle of the costa ; a white streak
along the fold nearly to the margin and broadest near the base ; a
white streak from the middle of the cell to its lower angle, broadest
outwardly. Costal veins and one or two veins beneath the apex in-
distinctly marked with white. The spaces between these veins are
shaded with dark brown, deepest toward the margins, but not extend-
ing into the cilia ; the ground color above the discal streak is sometimes
deepened. The conspicuousness of the white streaks varies ; in some
specimens all except the costal streak and the streak in the fold are
almost indistinguishable. Cilia brownish, somewhat hoary along the
costa. Hind wings dark grayish brown. Legs whitish, with a brown
line along the outer sides. Kxpanse : 13-14 mm.
Locality: Cincinnati, Ohio, and vicinity. '/"y/V (a spirhiK'n
showing all the marks described above) and paratypes in
128 ENTOMOLOGICAL NKWS. [May, '19
writer's collection ; paratypes in the Academy of Natural
Sciences of Philadelphia and in the United States National
Museum.
The larvae feed on the lower side of leaves of Greek valerian
(Polemoninm rcptans L.), where they mine out the entire
parenchyma, leaving silvery white patches. The mature case,
of almost pure white silk, except where the overwintering
grayer case marks its dorsal surface from mouth to one-half
its length, is cylindrical, 9 to 10 mm. long with scarcely re-
flexed mouth, and with flattened, broadly expanded two-
valved apex which is one and one-half times as broad as the
maximum breadth of the case elsewhere. The apex is slightly
asymmetrical, rather fish-tailed in shape. The mature cases
were first observed April 16 and 18, and the larvae continued
to feed for several weeks, pupating later on sticks and dead
leaves near the food plants, where they are conspicuous be-
cause of their white color. Forty-two moths emerged from
May 1 1 to June 2.
Mined leaves were collected June 13. The larva is yellow
and makes a very fine whitish transparent thread-like mine,
much contorted, which at last encloses in outline a slightly
flattened ellipse, — that portion of the leaf which is to be cut
out to form the first case. The portion cut out measures 2
mm. by i mm. This piece, in which the parenchyma is not
consumed, forms the foundation for the case. It is folded,
seam on under side and closely sewed together ; it extends to
the mouth of the case, but toward the apex, the case is made
entirely of pale greenish silk, this silken portion projecting
about half a millimeter beyond and of a slightly less diameter
than the leaf part, and lacking the expanded apex of the mature
case. Feeding ceases about July i, when the case is about 4
mm. long, and is not resumed until early the following spring.
Coleophora ericoides n. sp.
Head grayish white; second segment of palpi fuscous outwardly,
with a minute projecting tuft; third segment white, fuscous beneath.
Antennae simple, whitish fuscous, indistinctly annulate beneath only.
Thorax and fore wings pale grayish ocherous. A rather distinct
white streak along the costal edge to beyond the middle, where it blends
Vol. XXX ! KNTOMOLOCICAL \F.\VS. IJ( )
with the whitish costal cilia. White streaks usually indistinct and in-
terrupted mark the course of the veins; of these the most distinguish-
able are along veins n and 10 and along the upper margin of the cell.
A faint narrow line runs for half the wing length above the fold and
parallel to it; another short line lies 'just below and alongside of the
fold. A short streak sometimes runs through the outer half of the
cell. The dorsal margin is narrowly white. Dorsal cilia concolorous
with the wing. Hind wings grayish ocherous. Legs whitish, with
the outer surfaces marked with brown. Expanse : 12 mm.
Locality : Cincinnati, Ohio. Type and six paratypes in
writer's collection.
The larva mines the seeds and receptacle of a wild white
aster (Aster ericoidcs L.). Numhers of the small seeds of
the flower heads may be found eaten out presumably by the
larva before making a case, or while the case is still very small.
Later the mature case is attached to the surface of the re-
ceptacle and the larva mines into it, eating out the pithy cen-
tral portion ; one or two circular holes mark the point of en-
trance. The mature case is short, cylindrical, with three-valved
apex, measuring 4.5 to 5 mm. in length, with a greatest diame-
ter of 1.3 mm. The case is spun entirely of silk, in color vary-
ing from pale straw to brownish cinereous ; it is more or less
densely covered with pappus from the flowers, attached ir-
regularly over the surface and extending backwards beyond
the apex. It is thus difficult to discern in the ripening seed-
head. The larvae are fully fed in the latter part of Novem-
ber and early in December may be found crawling or attached
to stems and sticks in the neighborhood. The moths emerged
September 17 to 28.
Coleophora amaranthella n. sp.
Head pale dull ocherous, palpi whitish, apex and projecting tuft of
second segment fuscous. Antennae whitish, annulate indistinctly with
brownish ocherous. Thorax whitish dull ocherous.
Fore wings pale brownish ocherous, the spaces between the veins
reaching the costal edge white, more or less densely dusted with fus-
cous ; beneath the apex the ground color is irregularly sprinkled with
white and fuscous scales. A white dusted streak extends through the
cell, starting faintly near the base and broadening outwardly and ends
at the lower angle of the cell in a rather conspicuous fuscous spot. A
dusted white streak along the fold and another along the dorsal mar-
gin. Hind wings pale grayish ocherous. Legs whitish with a fuscous
130 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, '19
line along the outer surfaces ; tarsi fuscous. Abdomen whitish be-
neath, grayish ocherous above. Expanse : 13 to 14 mm.
Locality: Cincinnati, Ohio (probably widely distributed with
its food plant.) Type and paratypes in writer's collection;
paratypes in Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
and in the United States National Museum.
Twenty-eight specimens reared from larvae eating out the
seeds of pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus L.). Mature case
6 mm. long, subcylindrical, with mouth slightly bent over,
thickest just behind the middle whence it tapers slightly be-
fore flaring to form the three-valved apex. It is spun en-
tirely of rough brownish silk decorated with numerous ir-
regular, small, huffish gray particles. The larvae feed through-
out the autumn and remain during the winter hidden among
the old flower clusters. Images emerged from July 27 to
August 23.
The fuscous spot near the lower angle of the cell is the dis-
tinguishing characteristic of this species.
Coleophora granifera n. sp.
Head whitish, ocherous above ; palpi dark fuscous on the outer sides ;
antennae whitish, with the basal segment enlarged with scales near the
extreme base. Thorax whitish ocherous.
Fore wings with the white color predominating, so that the ground
color may be regarded as white with ocherous streaks. Costal edge,
for one-third its length ocherous, extreme costa near the base fuscous.
There is sometimes a very small ocherous streak near the costa, just
proximal to vein n; ocherous streaks lie in the spaces between the
remaining costal veins, and the apex of the wing is ocherous. An
ocherous streak extends from near the base through the upper half
of the cell and runs into the apex. There is sometimes an ocherous
streak through the lower half of the cell, running into the ocherous
outer margin of the wing. This may be as distinct as the other discal
streak or entirely wanting except near the outer margin. An ocherous
streak from the base below the fold usually reaches the wing margin.
There is sometimes faint fuscous dusting, especially in the apex and
along the costal ocherous streaks. Cilia ocherous and white inter-
mixed. Hind wings pale grayish ocherous to fuscous, usually darker
than the fore wings. Legs whitish, fuscous outwardly. Abdomen
whitish beneath, fuscous in the mid-dorsal line. Expanse: 12.5-14 mm.
Locality: Cincinnati, ( )hio. Type and paratypes in writer's
collection.
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL XK\VS. I,}1
The cases are found on the under side of leaves of sister
shortii Lindl. The nearly full-grown larvae with mature cases
feed on the lower leaves near the ground in early spring. The
mature case is about 10 mm. long, cylindrical, with mouth
slightly deflexed and with two-valved slightly expanded apex.
It is spun of brownish red silk, paler toward apex, with a dark
brown granular spot on the upper side beneath the mouth. The
larvae continue to feed until the middle of May, and produce
moths from June 2 to July 10. Eleven specimens reared; two
captured.
Leaves mined by the larva before constructing its first case,
were collected in the latter part of June. This mine is irregular,
sometimes trapezoidal in shape, and is several times the area
of the first few mines made after the larva spins its minute
case, which is covered closely toward apex with the black
frass taken from the mine. These mines extend in a curve
across the leaf, gradually increasing in size. The case is
gradually elongated at apex and mouth and increased in diame-
ter by the splitting open and filling in of the under surface
with silk. These additions are pale gray at first, later becom-
ing reddish, and the original frass-covered case forms the dark
brown patch on the upper side of the mature case. During
late summer and fall, the larvae mine the small leaves up
amongst the inflorescence.
The imagos of this species, particularly the paler specimens,
are only with difficulty distinguished from those of C. vcriwni-
aeella Chambers, in which the position and course of the mark-
ings are practically the same. The latter species is larger and
paler, with the outer margin mostly white, instead of ocher-
ous. — ^__
Collecting the Larvae of Tabanus and Chrysops (Dip. ).
By WERXKR MARCH AND.
(From the Department of Animal Pathology of The Rockefeller Insti-
tute for Medical Research, Princeton, New Jersey.)
While the larvae of mosquitoes and many other Diptera
Nematocera are comparatively well known, as they are aquatic
in habitat, and while the larvae of many Brachycera have been
132 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, '19
frequently reared from all sorts of decaying material, the
mud-inhabiting larvae of the Tabanidae have received but
scanty attention from entomologists. Yet the Tabanidae con-
stitute a family of wide distribution, rich in species and abun-
dant in individuals. They are therefore entirely worthy of
the attention of the scientific dipterist. Moreover, the Tabani-
dae represent a considerable source of trouble to cattle and
live stock, being so numerous in some localities as to be
seriously disturbing.
The large black horseflies have been noticed by most of us.
The '"greenheaded" flies are a serious and well-known pest,
especially in the region of the shore. In certain regions in
the South Tabanidae are so numerous that they are especially
mentioned by travelers, and particular regions have their par-
ticular flies. Some species, for instance those of CJirysops and
Diachlorus ("the yellow fly of the Dismal Swamp") will at-
tack man freely and inflict painful bites. These flies are also
very common in New Jersey, sixty-five species having been
listed.
The reason why apparently the larval stages of these flies
have been very generally overlooked lies in the fact that they
inhabit the wet soil in the immediate neighborhood of water.
In other words, they are not taken by the ordinary collecting
methods of the fresh-water-exploring entomologist, since, for
the purpose of taking water insects, usually a net is employed,
and the taking of much mud into the net is carefully avoided.
The Tabanid larvae are never, or only in very young stages,
found submerged under water, hence they are never taken with
the fishing net.1 On the other hand, the land-collector will
1 This statement apparently has to lie modified. That Tahanid larvae
may he found occasionally suhmerged, at least in the fall, possihly in
preparation for passing the winter, is a fact which I owe to Dr. Rohert
J. Leavitt in Trenton who, in October, 1918, took three half-sized larvae
of T. atratus in mud (or water), while dredging with a net for tad-
poles and sunfish in water eight or ten inches deep, over mud in which
grows a characteristic mud vegetation. The locality was a pond on a
dairy farm near Trenton Junction. The three larvae were taken in
Vol. xxx ] ENTOMOLOGICAL XF.XVS. 1.^3
examine vegetation, bark and stumps of trer.-. heaps of dead
leaves, or whatever is found underneath stones ; he will oc-
casionally proceed to sifting, but in this case, of dry material.
He will not examine, as a rule, the wet soil adjoining water;
therefore he will take Tabanid larvae only occasionally.
These larvae are, however, almost invariably present in the
soil immediately above water, at the edge of brooks, ponds,
lakes and streams, small springs and wrater holes ; in short,
almost any kind of permanent body of water. They may be
three different dips of the net and always at two or three feet distance
from shore. There was no possibility that they came from anywhere
but in or under the water.
Tabanid larvae of various species have been taken by myself in the
mud of the edge, not submerged, in the months of September, October,
November and February when the weather was mild, but it is possible
that they are able to pass the cold periods of the winter below the
water since, according to my experience, they apparently do not stand
much freezing; on the other hand, their need of oxygen is not as great
in winter as in summer. That the very young stages of many species
(Chrysops^ undoubtedly live submerged, has already been stated; those
stages may derive oxygen from submerged plants (algae, etc.).
I notice that H. H. King (Report Wellcome Tropical Research
Laboratory, Bulletin of Entomological Research, Vol. i. Part 4, De-
cember, 1910, page 265.) has stated of the larvae of the African
T. ditacniatus, that they were found submerged in a small water
channel, the water of which was overgrown with a covering of green
slime and if this was cleared away, a few larvae could generally be seen
at the surface. "On stirring the mud at the bottom and edges of the
water," says King, "more would appear, while if one waited for an
hour or so, specimens would continue to rise. They were apparently
living at the bottom of the pools and coming periodically to the surface
to breathe. They could be seen rising to the surface by a lashing
motion, and if left undisturbed would, after a few seconds, sink out of
sight again."
Certain species of Tabanidae live, as larvae, under stones in shallow,
rapid-flowing water, notably T. kiiu/i (King) and 7'. riVd.r (I line).
The latter species may be taken if a sieve is held so that as a stone is
being lifted, the larvae under it are swept into the sieve by the current
(Hine).
These exceptional cases should be taken into consideration by collec-
tors, but, on the whole, the rule holds i;ood that Tabanid larvae are
found in the soil and mud immediately above water and near the edjje,
as hundreds of captures have demonstrated.
134 ENTOMOLOGICAL, NEWS. [May, '19
most easily obtained by means of a wire kitchen strainer six
inches in diameter and of medium size mesh, with strong
handle. These strainers are used in households and can be
furnished by any hardware store. In sifting for the larvae,
a lump of mud the size of a fist or larger is taken from the
edge of the water and placed into the strainer. The latter is
then gently shaken, at the same time immersing it in the water
near the edge. The earthy constituents are washed through
the wire meshes and the Tabanid larvae become visible. This
process is repeated until it gives positive results, which is near-
ly always the case within less than half an hour. If the
larvae are not found readily in one place, they will often be
present in another place only a few feet distant. It is often
found convenient to seize bundles of sod by the roots and
shake them with water in the strainer until the earth is washed
off. Frequently the larvae are found clinging to the grass
roots. Wherever soft mud is exposed to the surface directly
adjoining the water, it should be put through the strainer and
it will usually contain some larvae. Even sandy and muddy
banks without any vegetation will frequently yield an abun-
dance of larvae of Tabanus and Chrysops. At ponds where a
rich green vegetation of Lenina and aquatic weeds is present,
the half-decaying masses which border the edge of the mud un-
derneath may contain larvae. Brooks with coarse sand or
gravel are not favorable because the coarse sand does not pass
through the meshes of the strainer and therefore the larvae are
often overlooked or injured. Generally, the larvae are located
only a few inches from the surface, but may be found to a depth
of one foot, and in some localities even deeper. In places where
the water has receded, owing to dry weather, the larvae will of-
ten follow the receding water and be found at the new edge, but
if the ground retains some moisture they may be looked for all
over the formerly inundated region. Ponds or brooks with a
definite permanent border give better results than indefinitely
bordered swamps, wet meadows, etc. One has always to bear
in mind that the larvae are air-breathers and as such may scat-
ter in swampy regions with low water level over wide areas,
while in all localities where the water maintains a certain level,
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NKWS. 135
they are forced to aggregate at the horders. On the other hand,
being dependent on moisture, they do not usually go any great
distance away from these borders.
It is not difficult for the entomologist to identify the Tabanid
larvae as such. The larvae are nearly always cylindrical in
shape, whitish, grayish or yellow in color, and characteristical-
ly hard and firm to the touch. This is due to their strong
chitinization and their contraction at the moment when they
are taken. They generally will soon begin creeping and then
will appear more slender and more pointed at the cephalic end.
The small larvae of Chrysops are usually taken when between
5 and TO millimeters long; the smaller ones escape attention.
The Chrysops larvae are whitish or greenish yellow, the end of
the abdomen often darker. The Tabanns larvae are found in
all sizes from 5 to 45 millimeters, more frequently, however,
of the medium size. They are usually whitish, yellowish or
reddish grey, either without pattern and shiny, or with gray
or brown transverse markings. In all larvae the proleg-bearing
ridges may be quite conspicuous. The larvae of most species
do not float at the surface but sink to the bottom of the
water ; certain species as, for instance, T. I'm col a and T. atni-
tus, have inflated tracheae and float at the surface when washed
out of their habitat. This facilitates their capture, and in
places where these larvae alone occur, a strainer is not neces-
sary. All that is needed is to throw lumps of mud and sod,
grass, bushes, etc., from the edge into the water, stir them -and
work them over for a while and the larvae will soon rise to
the surface where they betray their presence through vigorous
wriggling or lashing movements.
Together with the Tabanid larvae, one may obtain, by means
of the strainer, the larvae of other Dipterous families, chiefly
Dolichopodidae, Leptidae and Tipulidae. The former two
families comprise larvae usually of the size of Clir\sops larvae
but more slender, shiny white or yellowish, the end of the
body not pointed or rounded but truncated or ending in several
lobes. The Tipulid larvae, when belonging to larger species,
are generally gray or blackish in color; those belonging to
136 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, '19
smaller species may be yellow, white or greenish. All Tipulid
larvae are distinguished from Tabanid larvae by being quite
soft to the touch, with no well-marked circular annuli.2
Tabanid larvae can be taken at all times of the year ; certain
species seem to have a preference for definite localities where
they are regularly present while other equally common species
are absent, having their breeding-places elsewhere. It is there-
fore possible to obtain breeding material of definite species at
all seasons provided a good breeding locality has been found.
But some species are found pretty nearly everywhere. Late
fall, winter and early spring are favorable seasons for collect-
ing, as the presence of vegetation is not as interfering as in
summer.
When collected, the larvae should be placed with wet plant
material, and then should be isolated as soon as possible, as
they will proceed to eat one another in a very short time. Each
larva ought to be placed into a glass vial. The writer uses
test-tubes with lip, and lined with filter paper, but small, so-
called homoeopathic vials answer the purpose perfectly well.
For moisture, a lump of plant material, or wet filter paper,
blotting paper and the like should be placed in the bottle. The
neck should be covered with cheesecloth or linen. Instead of
string, rubber bands may be very conveniently used. If the bot-
tles have no neck or lip the larvae will frequently escape, as
they are able to force their way through almost any passage. As
food, small earthworms, or pieces of such, or small pieces of
raw meat, can be given,3 but the larvae can do without food for
a long time if kept moist, since they are very hardy. In this
condition the larvae are ready for mailing ; a number of such
bottles or vials, with locality labels attached to them, can be
packed in cotton and shipped any distance.
It is to be hoped that collectors stationed in localities where
2 The larger Tipulid larvae are found more abundantly among decay-
ing leaves, grass roots, etc., in the edge of the water than in the mud
itself.
3 I notice that larvae of T. atratus take boiled as well as raw meat. Tf
boiled meat is given, care should lie taken that it is not salted, as in this
case the larvae would probably not accept it.
Vol. XXX] I..X TOMOLOGICAL XF.WS. 737
Tabanidae are numerous and where species occur, the larvae
of which are not known at all, will utilize their opportunity
for the sake of entomological science, and kindly send such
material to the specialist. The systematic study of the larvae
of Tabanidae is not only of direct interest for the classification
of the flies of this family, but is also of great importance for
our understanding of Dipterous larvae in general and of their
phylogeny.
A few words might be added with reference to the pupae.
The Tabanid larvae pupate in their normal habitat, in wet soil,
near the surface, and the pupae are not infrequently found in
the strainer, though, owing to the shortness of the pupal period
as compared with the larval stages, they are not nearly so
commonly found as the larvae. The small pupae of Chrysops
are about 10 mm. long and brownish or grayish yellow in color.
The Tabanns pupae may be much larger, and of grayish,
greenish or fuscous coloration. The pupae of both genera look
much like Lepidopterous pupae, having, however, the abdom-
inal segments bordered with narrow fringes of spiny bristles ;
by means of these fringes the pupae work their way to the
surface when the water rises, and when the fly is about to
hatch. If placed on moist, but not too wet, ground the pupae
will usually hatch within less than two weeks. The pupal
shells should be carefully preserved together with the fly which
emerged from them. If the larval skin is still present, it should
be placed in alcohol ; the exuvia is often all that is necessary
for a description of the larva.
Leiomyza in North America (Dipt., Drosophilidae.)
By J. M. ALDKICH, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau
of Entomology, Washington, D. C.
HISTORICAL.
Lciomyza was proposed by Macquurt in iS^ fur Meigen's
Agrouiyca (jlabricula and lacruiata, which, as Macquart ob-
served, differed too much on the absence of vibrissae and of
anterior frontal bristles to remain in .-I'/roinvzu; he also men-
138 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, "'19
tions approximated crossveins and the forward curvature of
the fourth vein as generic characters, but the former of these
proved to be a mistake.
Meigen in 1838 accepted the genus and added a third species,
Heteroneura scatophagina Fallen, which he had himself pre-
viously referred to Agromyza. He figures glabricnla, but the
venation is not quite alike in the two wings, and he shows a
full complement of basal cells which afterward proved an
error. He mentions as generic characters only the absence
of bristles on the anterior part of the front and the course of
the fourth vein.
Westwood in 1840 placed Lciomyza as a subgenus of Agro-
myza, defining it in a few words and repeating Macquart's
error about the approximation of the crossveins ; he mentioned
scatophagina as ''typical species," although he probably had no
thought of giving it any taxonomic prominence above the
other two by so doing. As it was not originally included, it
could not be the type species in a modern sense.
Zetterstedt in 1848 gave the best description of the genus
yet published, evidently drawing the characters from Fallen's
type of scatophagina, which he also redescribed ; he also des-
ignated this species as "T\f>ns generis."
Schiner in 1864 was unable to give a satisfactory account
of the genus, his only material being a determined specimen
from the Haliday collection and one from Winnertz, which
were obviously not congeneric, yet both resembled the descrip-
tions. We can now decide that Winnertz was right, but
Schiner could only adapt the earlier descriptions after a
fashion, leaving the genus more confused than before.
Rondani never attempted to place the genus.
Becker cleared up the matter very much in 1902 by publish-
ing the characters of the specimen standing as type of laein-
gata in the Meigen collection, with a figure of the venation.
This specimen has the characters assigned by Meigen to the
genus, but specifically agrees better with glabricnla, as it has
yellow halteres and the hind femora not black at tip. The
glabricnla type, or supposed type, is preserved with it but is
now headless. It has the same wing characters and is un-
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOCir AT, XF.WS. 139
doubtedly congeneric. Becker makes the genus out as a per-
fectly good one, differing from Astcia chiefly in having a hind
crossvein and a longer (normal) second vein, and lie places
it in Drosophilidae next to that genus. From the material
( Xorth American) that I have seen, I entirely agree with this;
we have a genus still more nearly related. Slcialocssa, which
possesses a hind crossvein, hence differs hardly at all except in
its greatly shortened second vein.
Czerny in 1903 gave some notes on a speciment of scaiopha-
</ina in Zetterstedt's collection, including additional generic
characters. This species is strictly congeneric with the other two,
if not in fact an earlier name for glabricula. Meigen in the
original description of laevigata suggested that it might he
only a variant ( Abanderung) of ylabricnla. As no valid des-
ignation of a genotype has been made, glabricula is hereby
designated.
Williston in 1896 (a) reported the genus from North Amer-
ica and placed it in his table of Agromyzidae (i896b) ; but in
1908 he omitted it, evidently not satisfied with his identification.
Melander in 1913, in his exhaustive treatment of Agro-
myzidae and related families, mentions Leioiiiyrja as a genus
unknown to him.
Lorenz Oldenberg in 1914 gives generic characters from
numerous specimens and from Becker and Czerny. He finds
the flies in the forest in Germany on exuding sap of trees, on
tree fungi, and on boards in the sun. His specimens show
considerable variation in the amount of infuscation of the
front, antennae and femora, but seem to agree with laevigata.
With this historical review, I proceed to a description of
the genus and two new North American species.
GENERIC CHARACTERS.
Head nearly hemispherical, concave behind, the eye very
large, bucca and para facial extremely narrow. Antennae or-
dinary, inserted at about the middle of tin- li-.-ad in profile.
arista bare or slightly pubescent. Face short, not carinale ;
a minute pair of vibrissae present. Front and face of e<|ual
width, less than one-third that of head; front flat, smooth, or-
140 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, '19
bits more or less differentiated above for a short distance,
and shortly above antennae with a transverse depression. Two
pairs of verticals, one of frontals, which are at the level of
the median ocellus. Post-verticals absent (in ours, said to be
divergent by Oldenberg).
Thorax and abdomen in all the species black and highly
polished. Chaetotaxy of thorax: dc i, npl i, stpl i, sc i (and a
very minute lateral pair, apparently absent in the female of
slossonae} ; acrostichals in the North American species a very
delicate single row of hairs, laterad of which the surface is
entirely bare to another row in the dc line. Wing as figured,
second basal and anal cells wanting, fourth vein gently curved
forward from near the crossvein, so that the first posterior
cell is about two-thirds as wide at apex as near its base.
Table of North American Species.
Front and hind femora distinctly stouter than middle ones
slossonae n. sp.
Front and hind femora of about the same diameter as the middle
ones
melanderi n. sp.
Leiomyza slossonae n. sp.
Front brown, including an extension to the vertex on each side of
the ocelli ; ocellar triangle and the upper third of frontal orbits shining
black; lower edge of front yellow; antennae yellow, third joint, oval,
slightly infuscated or not on upper edge ; arista microscopically
pubescent, appearing bare under hand lens. Face, parafacials and
bucca almost white, sometimes more yellowish, with a narrow brown
line usually perceptible separating the first two and bordering the sides
of the mouth cavity. Palpi yellow ; proboscis small, yellow. Halteres
yellow. Legs including coxae wholly yellow except last tarsal joint,
which is brown ; front and hind femora thickened in both sexes, and
their coxae and trochanters a little elongated. Length 1.8 mm.
Types, one male (holotype), one female, mounted on same
pin, from Franconia, New Hampshire, collected by Mrs. Slos-
son and in her possession. Paratypes, one each from Pullman,
Lyndon and Almota, Washington, and one from Moscow
Mountain, Idaho, all collected by Professor Melander. Para-
type from Washington deposited in the United States National
Museum.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOI OCICAl, XKWS.
Leiomyza melanderi n. sp. (Text Fig. 1, wing).
Smaller than slossonae (1.5 mm.), all the femora slender; legs pale
yellow, last tarsal joint almost hlack. Face not usually so whitish,
more yellow. The specimen from Montreal has the head darker, front
hlackish-hrown, with a faint median paler streak, lower edge pale
'""'•„ / rt$
'"-v^w ;;^,v,mrrrr<i»'('^
Text Fig. i. — Leiomyza melanderi n. sp. Riglit wing, under side. X 46.
yellow, face and bucca quite dark yellow, third antennal joint about
half infuscated. This I can only regard as a dark form of the same
species, although the front looks different.
Types, one male, one female, Moscow Mountain, Idaho ;
paratypcs, one each from Moscow Mountain, Idaho ; Pull-
man, ( )lga, Everett and Almota, Washington; all the preceding
collected by Professor Melander, in whose possession the types
remain. Also one female paratype from Montreal, Canada,
collected by Rev. Jos. Ouellet. Two paratypes from Washing-
ton in the United States National Museum.
LITERATURE CITED.
BECKER, 1902, Zeitsch. f. Hym. u. Dipt., ii, 340.
CZERNY, 1903, Wien. Ent. Zeit, xxii, 127.
MACQUART, 1835, Hist. Nat. Dipt., ii, 605.
MEIGEN, 1838, Syst. Beschr. eur. Zweifl. Ins., vi, 394.
MEI.ANDER, 1913, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., xx, 228.
OLDENBERG, 1914, Arch. f. naturgesch., 80 Jahrg., Abth. A. Heft 2.
p. 36.
SCHINER, 1864, Fauna Austr., ii, 309.
WESTWOOD, 1840, Tntrod. 'Mod. Class., ii, app., 152.
\YILUSTON, 18963, Ent. News, vii, 394.
In., i8o6b. Manual of N. A. Dipt., sec. ed., 104.
In.. 1908, Manual, 3d ed.
ZETTERSTEDT, 1848, Dipt. Scand.. vii, 2676.
142 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. | May. '19
The Staining of Coccids (Homop.).*
By J. HOWARD GAGE.
Students of the Coccidae have long desired a stain that
would permanently color the chitinous exoskeleton and at
the same time give enough contrast to make the more minute
details of structure plainly visihle under the microscope. Un-
til the present time such a stain has not been found. In most
cases in specimens that have been stained the color disinte-
grates with age, leaving them muddy, and in fact, in a much
worse condition for study than they would have been had no
stain been used.
In my work with the Coccidae several of the more common
stains were tried, one by one they were discarded until only
saurefuchsin remained. This substance gave on the whole
the best results, but even in specimens colored with this stain
the color faded after a time. Saurefuchsin is, as the name
implies, an acid stain having enough acid combined with the
coloring properties of the substance to produce acidity, pro-
viding the specimen treated is neutral or acid. It is evident,
then, that the presence of an alkali even in minute quantities
will impair the working of the stain, for such an alkali would
neutralize the acid of the stain and cause it to break down.
To remove all traces of the potassium hydroxide ordinarily
used in cleaning specimens requires more than the customary
three or four baths of distilled water ; in fact one can never,
according to the theory of limits, remove all of the alkali
simply by washing, even though one might reduce it to a
negligible quantity. In order to prevent any alkali being
present, a ten per cent, solution of hydrochloric acid was add-
ed to the staining solution. This excess of acid neutralized
the small amount of potassium hydroxide that remained, pre-
cipitating it as a potassium salt, leaving an excess of hydro-
chloric acid in the staining solution and the specimen.
HC1 (in excess) + KOH = = KC1 + HOH + HC1.
The precipitated potassium chloride is very highly soluble in
water, but since all of the water is removed during the de-
hydration of the specimen there remains nothing except a few
crystals of potassium chloride and hydrochloric acid in ex-
cess. As there is an excess of acid in the specimen, it is clear
that if it be mounted and sealed in with acid balsam it will
^Contributions from the Entomological Laboratories of the Univer-
sity of Illinois. No. 59.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOI.OCICAI, N'KXVS.
remain an acid preparation and its color will not disintegrate.
A check series of experiments was carried out to determine
the action of alkali on the stain. In this series the staining
bath was made strongly alkaline by the addition of potassium
hydroxide. The results of the experiments show, conclusively,
that the presence of an alkali does cause the color of the stain
to disintegrate. In fact, when the specimens were removed
from the staining solution all of the color had faded from the
bath itself and the specimens showed no color whatsoever.
Various strengths of staining solutions were tried in a careful
ami somewhat extended series of experiments. In this series
species of coccids with a thin cuticle, those with a medium
heavy cuticle, and those with a heavy cuticle were used. As
a result of these experiments it was found that the following
formula produced the best coloring in all of the species tried:
Saurefuchsin 0.5 gram
10 per cent, hydrochloric acid 25.0 cc.
Distilled water 300.0 cc.
The above formula is recommended as a solution of a stain
that will produce a permanent and successful color in the
Coccidae and their near relatives in thirty to forty minutes,
it can be kept indefinitely in a glass-stoppered bottle and used
whenever there is an occasion.
Specimens to be stained should be removed from the potas-
sium hydroxide and thoroughly washed in three or four
changes of distilled water, then placed in a Syracuse watch-
glass containing a few cubic centimeters of the staining solu-
tion for twenty or forty minutes. After the staining is com-
pleted, they should be removed and treated in the manner
usually followed in making preparations of coccids. Saure-
fuchsin is not highly soluble in either carbol-xylene, clove oil, or
alcohol, therefore, the specimens may be left in solutions of
these substances a sufficient length of time to insure complete
clearing and dehydration.
The explanation of the so-called fading of color in stained
coccids is that they are probably alkaline, and if the specimens
are made acid, that is to have an excess of acid present, they
will not become muddy or colorless. Specimens that were
stained, using this formula, in the winter of 1915, are at
the present time as brightly colored and show as much contrast
as they did when freshly prepared, while specimens stained
at the same time using a neutral solution, or one that did not
contain an excess of acid. ha\e become almost colorless.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., MAY, IQIQ.
Entomologia Resurgens Belgica.
The American Entomological Society has lately received in
exchange Number i of the Nineteenth Year of the Revue Men-
siicllc de la Societc Entomologiquc Namnroise, dated Namur
(Belgium), Jan. 25, 1919. The opening paragraphs are as
follows (translated) :
After 53 months of silence, our review reappears ; at first under a
modest aspect that we will seek to improve in order to give it as
rapidly as possible all its old vitality. We appeal for the aid of all
our friends; during the long months of desolation, entomology has
been a consolation and we count on an ample harvest of notes and
interesting observations, continuing to give to our review that personal
character which has made it so valuable. It does not enter into our
plan to speak of the war ; our beautiful patriotic song, "To The Fu-
ture," ought to be our guide; it will inspire us and will show us our
path; with the help of God we do not doubt of success. Our Society
has decided to break off all relations with the German countries and
their allies. The barbarism, of which we have been the victims, ap-
proved by their savants (?), has made this purification necessary.
Andenne, Dinant, Tamines, Lou vain, Rheims and how many other
cities and villages are not scraps of paper which a Chancellor can
ever make disappear.
Let us by a League of Nations, or by any other means, and
by all means prevent a repetition of the horrors which have
compelled our Belgian confreres to write these words.
An Itonid Feeding on Rust Spores (Itonididae, Diptera).
During the summer of 1918 some interesting itonid larvae were
found living in hypertrophied fruits of Cratacgus at Ithaca, New York.
The adults, when bred from the fruit, were sent to Dr. Felt for identi-
fication. He found them to be Mycodiplosis ccrasifolia Felt. This
species was first reared September 4, 1907, from irregularly thickened
folded choke cherry leaves taken at Newfoundland, New Jersey, and
described by Dr. Felt in "New Species of Cecidomyiidae II," p. 21,
1907. A figure of the gall produced on choke cherry leaves is given
in Thompson's Illustrated Catalog of American Insect Galls (plate 8,
figure 327) and this is reproduced in New York State Museum Bulletin
200 (plate 11, figure 4) by Dr. Felt.
The infested fruits of Cratacgus on examination were found to have
a fungous disease called Crataegus rust or quince rust, Gymnosporan-
yhim clarifies C. and P. According to Weimer (Cornell University
Bull. 390) this disease is widely distributed in the eastern and central
144
Vol. XXX 1 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 145
United States and is sometimes of considerable economic importance
on the quince. It attacks fruit, leaf petioles, stems and thorns of
Crataeyus, causing rough enlargements from which the long finger-
like aecia begin to break out the last of July or first of August. The
peridium or spore sac which covers the aecium is white and is filled
with a mass of orange-colored aeciospores.
These itonid larvae live among the aeciospores and feed upon them.
Larvae collected August i were washed in alcohol to remove the spores
adhering to their moist cuticula and examined under the microscope.
The alimentary canal was found to be filled with the orange-colored
spores, and these caused the larvae to appear orange. The larva is
1.85 mm. long and 0.35 mm. broad at the middle when full grown. It
does not show the characteristic "breast bone" so commonly seen on the
larvae of this family.
When infested fruit was placed on moist sand the larvae trans-
formed to adults on the surface of the sand and when infested fruit
was placed in a tin box with no earth or sand the larvae transformed
on the bottom of the box. This seems to indicate that under natural
conditions the larvae go to the surface of the ground to pupate.
Larvae which were brought into the laboratory August i left the
fruit within two days and emerged as adults August 12. Other larvae
were found feeding on the spores in the field September 6 and October
i, so that there are probably several generations a year. The insects
are not present in the hypertrophied fruits during the winter, so it
seems probable that they hibernate as pupae on the ground.
The swellings due to this rust were found quite often at the bases
of the thorns as well as on the fruit, and every one examined contained
larvae. They were never found within the fruit or thorn itself, but
always in the fungus. They were found on Crataci/its uc.ifln-rialis,
C. pitnctata, C. macracantha, C. pniinosa and C. tomcntosa. The
red cedar Junipcrus riri/iniana is the alternate host of the rust and
Crataegus trees near a red cedar are more liable to lie infected than
those farther from it.— WALTER H. WELLHOUSE, Dept. of Entomology,
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
Kntomological Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.
Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects,
however, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be re-
corded.
The numbers in Heavy -Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered
in the following list, in which the papers are published.
All continued papei s, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their
first installments.
The record;; of papers containing new genera or species occurring north
of Mexico are all grouped ;it the end of each Order of which they treat.
For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Keeunl,
Office of Experiment Stations. Washington. Also Review of Applied En-
tomology, Series A. London. For records of papers on Medical Ento-
mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B.
4— -Canadian Entomologist, London, Canada. 5 — Psyche, Cam-
bridge, Mass. 9 — The Entomologist, London. 10 — Proceedings
of the Entomological Society of Washington, D. C. 11 — Annals
and Magazine of Natural History, London. 15 — Insecutor Insci-
146 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, '19
tiae Menstruus, Washington, D. C. 16 — The Lepidopterist, Salem,
Mass. 17 — Lepidoptera, Boston, Mass. 18 — Ottawa Naturalist,
Ottawa, Can. 24 — Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France,
Paris. 25 — Bulletino della Societa Entomologica Itaiiana, Firenze.
28 — Entomologisk Tidskrift, Uppsala. 29 — Proceedings of the Lin-
nean Society of New South Wales, Sydney. 52 — Zoologischer
Anzeiger, Leipsic. 76 — Nature, London. 82 — The Ohio Journal of
Science, Columbus. 89 — Zoologische Jahrbucher, Jena. 90 — The
American Naturalist, Lancaster, Pa. 91 — The Scientific Monthly,
Lancaster, Pa. 92 — Archives de Zoologie Experimentale et Gen-
erale, Paris. 93 — Bulletin, Division of the Natural History Survey,
Urbana, Illinois.
GENERAL. Bradley, J. C. — An entomological cross-section of
the U. S. 91, viii, 350-77 (cont.). Calvert, P. P. — An appeal from
Belgium. 4, 1919, 62-3. Crampton, G. C. — Evolution of arthropods
and their relatives with especial reference to insects. 90, liii, 143-
79. Davis, J. J. — Contributions to a knowledge of the natural ene-
mies of Phyllophaga. 93, xiii, 53-138. Felt, E. P.— Insect galls
and gall insects. 18, xxxii, 1:27-31. Godman, F. D. — Obituary
notice. 9, 1919, 71-2; 76, ciii, 5-0. Holmgren, N. — Zur vergleichen-
den anatomic des gehirns . . . Arachniden . . . Myriapoden
und Insekten. (Kung. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Ivi, No. 1.).
Knab, F. — Obituary by Caudell, Busck, Howard [with bibliog-
raphy]. 10, xxi, 41-52. Tillyard, R. J. — The panorpoid complex.
A study of the phylogeny of the holometabolous insects with spe-
cial reference to ... Panorpoidea and Neuropteroidea. The
wing coupling apparatus with special reference to the lepidoptera.
Wing trichiation ... 29, xliii, 205-319; 620-57.
PHYSIOLOGY, GENETICS, ETC. Nabours, R. K.— Parthe-
nogenesis and crossing-over in the grouse locust. Apotettix. 90,
liii, 131-42.
ARACHNIDA AND MYRIAPODA. Brade-Birks, H. K. & S.
G. — Notes on Myriapoda: Some observations on nomenclature.
11, iii, 253-G. Dalmas, C. — Synopsis des araignees de la famille des
Prodidomidae. 24, Ixxxvii, 279-288 (cont.). Muller, A. — Ein bei-
trag zur kenntnis der weibchen der subfamilie Phalangiini. 89,
xli, Ah. f. Syst., 535-80. Patten, B. M.— Photoreactions of partially
blinded whip-tail scorpions. (Jour. Gen. Physiology, Baltimore, i,
435-58.).
NEUROPTERA. Whitehouse, F. C.— Drasonflies of Alberta
(with descriptive notes as a means to identification). (Alberta
Nat. Hist. Soc., Red Deer, 10 pp.).
ORTHOPTERA. Morse, A. P.— New records of O. in New
England. 5, xxvi, 10-18.
Giglio-Tos, E.— Mantidi esotici. 25, xlviii, 43-103.
Vol. xxx 1 I-;XTOMOL<K;U:AL XEWS. 147
HEMIPTERA. Parshley, H. M.— New England Hemiptera-
Heteroptera, new records. 4, 1919, TO-:.'. Tullgren, A. — Zur mor-
phologic und systcmatik der Hemipteren, I. 28, xxxix, 11:5-;;:).
LEPIDOPTERA. Buckholtz, O— On the larvae of Datana
chirignensis. 16, iii, 102. Dean, F. R. — Catocala season of 1918 in
St. Louis County, Missouri. 17, iii, 18-19. Dognin, P. — Heteroceres
nouveaux de 1'Amerique du Sud. Fasc. xvi, xv. Dyar, H. G.—
Some Tropical American Phycitinae. Some Tropical American
moths. 15, vii, 40-63; 74-85. Ellsworth, A. — Butterfly names. 17,
iii, 10-21. Hampson, G. F. — Descriptions of new Pyralidae of the
subfamilies Crambina'e and Siginae [some neotropical]. 11, iii,
275-9:2 (cont.). Hufnagel, A. — Recherches histologiques snr la
metamorphose d'un lepidoptere (Hyponomenta padella). 92, Ivii,
47-202. Walker, F. H. — Synchronous movements in Vanessa anti-
opa larvae, with notes on the attractions of certain male L. by the
females of their own species. 5, xxvi, 13-16.
Busck, A. — Two [new] microlepidoptera injurious to strawberry.
10, xxi, 52-3. Cassino, S. E. — A new Catocala. An undescribed
form of Catocala aspasia. 16, iii, 99; 103. Heinrich, C. — A new
Olethreutid from New York. 15, vii, 65-6.
DIPTERA. Barret, H. P.— Observation on the life history of
Aedes bimaculatus. 15, vii, 63-4. Cockerell, T. D. A.— The oldest
mosquitoes. 76, ciii, 44. Cole, F. R. — The cyrtid genera Thyllis
and Megalybus. 4, 1919, 54-62. Dyar, H. G. — A note on Argentine
mosquitoes. 15, vii, 85-9. Dyar & Knab — New sps. of tropical
American mosquitoes. 15, vii, 1-9. Koch, A. — Studien an larven
von Culex pipiens bei der submersion. 52, 1. 105-111. Melin, D.
— Nagra tankar om mimicry och skyddande likhet med stod av
dipterologiska studier. 28, xxxix, 239-94.
Dyar, H. G. — A note on Lesticocampa, and a new sp. [neotropi-
cal]. Westward extension of the Canadian mosquito fauna. 15,
vii, 9-11; 11-39. Johnson, C. W. — New sps. of the genus Villa (An-
thrax) [Bombvlidad. 5, xxvi, 11-13. McAtee, W. L.- -Notes on
the nearctic Nusa (Asilidae). 82, xix, 244-s.
COLEOPTERA. Barber, H. S.— Avocado seed weevils. 10,
xxi, 53-60. Metcalf, C. L. — A malformed Lcptinotarsa decemline-
ata. 5, xxvi, 9-10.
HYMENOPTERA. Lovell, J. H.— The flower and tin- bee.
I'lant life and pollination. (New York. Charles Scribner's Sons,
191S.). Wheeler, W. M. — Two gynandromorphous ants. 5, xxvi,
1-9. Wolff, M. — Prodtotrupiden-gattung Lagynodes. 89, xli, Abt.
f. Syst., 581-606.
148 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [May, '19
"THE WINGS OF INSECTS," by J. H. COMSTOCK, Emeritus Professor
of Entomology and General Invertebrate Zoology in Cornell Univer-
sity. 410, pp. XVIII. +430, plates i-x, figs. 1-427, and Bibliography.
Published by the Comstock Publishing Co., Ithaca, N. Y. Price $3-75-
This fine volume marks the completion of the edifice which has been
its author's life's work, viz., the study of the wings, and in particular
the wing-venation, of insects. Though there are still some conserva-
tive entomologists who refuse to accept the Comstock-Needham system
of notation for the wing-veins of insects, their number must be
rapidly decreasing, and the system is indispensable to any student who
would work beyond the limits of a single order.
Amongst the many fine chapters in this book, the author himself
would probably be the first to acknowledge that the most important is
that on the basal connections of the tracheae of the wings, by R. N.
Chapman, M.A. — a quite original piece of work which stamps its
author as one of the finest entomological dissectors of the age. Origin-
ally the study of these basal connections, as well as of the specializa-
tions at the bases of the veins themselves, was greatly neglected. In
the present volume, a great advance has been made in overcoming this ;
but it is evident that much more remains to be done, and we must
not accept this book as in any way the final decision on many im-
portant points. It is, perhaps, especially to be regretted that the au-
thor should have attempted to fix a single type of venation, with a
definite number of branches, as the original possession of the first
insects ; for any student of the Palaeozoic fossils can only come to
the conclusion that there was nothing more variable from the very
first, than the number of branches of each of the main veins. In
working from this type, and so determining every known type of vena-
tion in terms of it, the author falls into some grave errors of which,
perhaps, the most serious is the determination to keep the cubitus
two-branched in the Lepidoptera, the extra basal branch being ex-
plained as the first analis migrated over to join the cubitus. By this,
the obvious homologies of the cubital branches in the Lepidoptera,
with those of the older Megaloptera, Mecoptera and Planipennia, are
entirely lost sight of.
The removal of the Micropterygidae from the Lepidoptera to the
Trichoptera is the most drastic change from accepted classification
proposed in the book. It is a good example of the kind of conclusion
that can sometimes be reached by considering only one set of charac-
ters, and ignoring all the rest. But even from the point of view of
wing-venation it is scarcely defensible, for a careful study of the fresh-
ly turned pupae of any of the older families of Lepidoptera will show
that their wing-tracheation agrees closely with that of Micropteryx,
particularly in the different courses of Cu and lA in fore and hind
wings. Moreover, the pupal wing of Micropteryx has a complete trache-
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 149
ation ; the imaginal wings have broad, well developed scales of a higher
type than any found in the Trichoptera ; the f orewing does not possess
a separate M4 ; and the hind wing has a definite frenulum. In all these
points this family is definitely Lepidopterous. Neither the larval form
nor the imaginal mouth-parts are Trichopterous, so that there is really
no justification for so radical a change, which must remain as a serious
blemish in a fine work.
The most complete and detailed chapter is that upon the wings of the
Neuroptera, in which much splendid original work is displayed. But
here, more than anywhere else, the mistake of trying to work back to
the supposed ancestral type is most evident, and a reference to the
known Triassic and Liassic fossils, almost all of which are closely
and densely veined, should have convinced the author that his theory
was wrong in detail. Consequently, we have the statement made that
Hcmerobins is an archaic genus and Mcgalonnis highly specialized,
whereas the reverse is certainly the case ; the Mantispidae are dealt
with quite "in the air," instead of with their close allies, the Chry-
sopidae and Berothidae ; and the Apochrysidae likewise.
In contrast with this, the painstaking working-out of the heteroneur-
ism in the Alyrmeleontoid families, without the aid of the pupal
tracheation of the older families, is worthy of the highest praise;
more recent studies of these pupae in Australia show Comstock's
work to be correct in almost every particular.
There is one striking omission in the book, viz., the neglect to
utilize the wing-trichiation as an aid to homologies. The importance
of this cannot be over-estimated, especially in those orders in which
the pupal tracheation fails, as in the Mecoptera, Trichoptera and
Diptera. This failure accounts for two serious errors, viz., the in-
terpretation of the limits of the media and cubitus in Mcrope and also
in Rhyphus (and consequently in all Diptera). In both cases, an
oblique vein carrying strong macrotrichia has been interpreted as a
cross-vein, when, as a matter of fact, it is the basal piece of a branch
of a main vein.
It should be noted that the author tacitly throws overboard the
untenable "Meyrick's Law," which he espoused and christened in a
much earlier work. Nearly all the original work in this book is a
witness of the fallacy of this supposed "law." But perhaps it would
have been better to have stated definitely the author's changed con-
ception. It is harder to explain the failure of the author to deal with
the unbranched radius theory in the Order Odonata ; whether he agrees
with it or not, he should surely not have ignored it completely, as he
has done.
But when all these criticisms have been made, it remains to be said
that the book is a magnificent piece of work, and well worthy of the
labor that its talented author has spent upon it. To all entomologists
I5O ENTOMOLOGICAI, NEWS. [May. 'iQ
who would progress beyond the general level of stagnation, this book
should be an absolute necessity; and the more of them who "read/
mark, learn and inwardly digest" its contents, the better it will be for
the future progress of Entomology.
The general appearance of the book could not be improved upon,
the type being very clear, and the plates and text-figures as fine as
we have seen. Only those who know the great difficulty involved in
producing even only a moderately good photograph of a delicate wing-
tracheation, can really appreciate the immense amount of skilled labor
that must have gone to the making of the illustrations in this book.
Plate i is a perfect masterpiece of technical art. — R. J. TILLYARD.
Doings of Societies.
American Entomological Society.
Stated and annual meeting, December 9, 1918, in the hall of the
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Vice President J. A.
G. Rehn in the chair; fifteen persons present. The annual reports
were read. The Publication Committee reported that Volume 44 of
the Transactions had been completed, but that the Memoirs for 1918
had been delayed by war conditions. The death of Mr. Benjamin
Hayes Smith, a member of long standing, was announced, together
with the fact that his collection of Coleoptera had been given by him
to the University of Pennsylvania some months previous to his death.
The meeting then proceeded to ballot for officers and committees
for the year 1919, resulting in the following elections : President—
Henry Skinner, Vice-President — J. A. G. Rehn, Corres. Sec'y — Mor-
gan Hebard, Recording Sec'y — Geo. M. Greene, Treasurer — E. T.
Cresson. Publication Committee — J. A. G. Rehn, E. T. Cresson, P. P.
Calvert. Finance Committee, J. A. G. Rehn, D. M. Castle, Morgan
Hebard. Property Committee— E. T. Cresson Jr., 'Morgan Hebard,
Philip Laurent. — Capt. R. C. WILLIAMS, Recording Secretary.
Feldman Collecting Social.
Meeting of February 19, 1919, at the home of II. W. Wenzel, 5614
Stewart St., Philadelphia; six members present. Pres. H. W. Wenzel
in the chair.
Coleoptera. Mr. Wenzel recorded, for J. Wagener Green, the
finding of Phyllotreta armoraciae Koch at Easton, Pennsylvania, and
read Chittenden's account from Insect Life, vii, p. 404. 1895, of the
first record of this "horse-radish flea-beetle" found within a quarter
of a mile of the Columbian Exposition Grounds at Chicago, Illinois.
He exhibited his own specimens, which are from Okanchee, Wis-
consin. General discussion followed. — GF.O. M. GKKI.XK, Sec'y.
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ENT. NEWS, Vol. XXX.
Plate VII.
SL.
3.
5.
6.
EC.V-.B.
BUPRESTIDAE FROM WESTERN UNITED STATES.-VAN DYKE.
i, 2, Acmaeodera sinuata. 5, A. wheeleri. 8, A. pubiventris.
3, A. sinuata sex-notata. 6, A. cubaecola. 9, A. pubriventris var lanata.
4, A. wenzeli. 7, ^4. marginenotata.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
AND
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VOL. XXX.
JUNE, 1919.
No. 6.
CONTENTS:
VanDyke — New Species of Buprestidae
(Col.) from the Western United
States, with Supplementary notes
concerning others 151
VVinn — Argynnis apacheana Skinner
and Edwards' Plates of A. nokomis
(Lep.) 156
Calvert— Od on a t a Zygoptera from
Guatemala 160
Emerton — The Flights of Spiders in
the Autumn of 1918 ( Arach., Aran. ) 165
Tillyard — A Further Noteon the Wing-
Coupling Apparatus in the Family
Micropterygidae ( Lep. ) 168
Lindsev — A New Skipper from South
America ( Lepid., Hesperidae) 169
Metcalf — Eumerus strigatus again
(Dip., Syrphidae) 170
Schaus — A new Amastus from Argen-
tina ( Lep., Arctiidae) 174
Editorial — A League of Nations Means
the Metric System 175
Editorial— Stop Thief ! 175
Entomological Literature . 176
Doings of Societies — Ent Sec., Acad.
Nat. Sci. (Orth., Lep.) 179
Feldman Collecting Social (Dip.,
Lepid., Coleop.) 179
Obituary — Eliza Klages 180
New Species of Buprestidae (Col.) from the Western
United States, with Supplementary
notes concerning others.
I'.y EDWIN C. VAN DYKE, University of California, Berkeley,
California.
(Plate VII.)
This paper embodying the descriptions of certain new species
and notes pertaining to others, will constitute the third short
paper dealing with the Buprestidae which I have written. It
is presented like the previous ones1' with the idea of
increasing our knowledge of this interesting family.
1 "New Species of Buprestidae (Col.) from the Pacific States," by
Ivlwin C. Van Dyke, Entomological News, Vol. xxvii (1916), pp.
405-412.
2 "New Species of Buprestidae (Col.) from the Pacific Sink's," l>y
K'Uvin C. Van Dyke, Kntomological News. Vol. \.\i.\ (nnS), pp. 53-58.
IS2 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 'iQ
Acmaeodera sinuata n. sp. (PI. VII, fig. 1).
Form moderately depressed, bronzed, clothed with rather long erect
hair which is black on the disc of elytra, apex of pronotum, and base
of head, white on anterior part of head, basal part of pronotum, and
sides of elytra, thorax without yellow side markings, each elytron with
a broad yellow lateral band, somewhat roseate on inner margin, com-
mencing at the humeri, at first as a narrow marginal band, then sud-
denly broadening and continuing as such with a sinuate inner border
to near the apex.
Head rather densely, coarsely punctured and sulcate, clypeus broadly
and moderately deeply emarginate ; thorax twice as wide as long,
apex slightly bisinuate, base truncate, sides slightly arcuate, broadest
one-third distance in front of base, and narrowed at apex, margin
narrow, only partly visible from above, surface somewhat densely and
coarsely punctured, a slight median basal impression and oblique
lateral.
Elytra as wide at base as the thorax, sides subparallel from base
to beyond the middle, thence gradually narrowed to apex, margin
serrate posteriorly, disc convex, punctato-striate, punctures moderately
coarse, intervals with single row of punctures somewhat less than half
as prominent as those of striae.
Body beneath bronzed, coarsely and closely punctured over thorax,
rather finely and sparsely on abdomen, moderately clothed with rather
long white hair, the anterior prosternal margin sinuate, the last ventral
bluntly rounded and without carina.
Length 9 mm., breadth 3.25 mm.
This very distinct species belongs in the emarginate group
as defined by both Horn3 and Fall,4 though some specimens
show a tendency toward having a trisinuate prosternal margin.
The facies of the species is also somewhat like that of A.
jocosa Fall in the sinuate group and the markings suggestive
of those given in the description of A. horni Fall. It how-
ever belongs near A. prorsa Fall, but differs from that as well
as from A. horni Fall by lacking the broadly dilated prothorax
and cuneate form. Its markings will enable it to be readily
separated from all of our other species. The markings are
not constant, though, for the yellow band may have its inner
margin almost straight, as shown in Fig. 2, or be broken, form-
3 "Revision of the Species of Acmaeodera of the United States," by
George H. Horn, M.D., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc., Vol. vii (1878), pp. 2-27.
4 "Synopsis of Species of Acmaeodera of America, North of Mex-
ico," by H. C. Fall, Journ. New York Ent. Soc., Vol. vi (1899), pp. 1-37.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 153
ing spots as in the variety described below. Intergrades how-
ever exist which link them all together.
The species so far as I know is confined to California,
though widely distributed there as well as uncommon. I have
seen one specimen from the Sierra Madre Mountains of Los
Angeles County, collected July 6, 1912, by J. C. Bridwell and
now in the collection of the Division of Entomology, Univer-
sity of California; five from near Placerville, including speci-
mens collected by H. E. Burke, F. H. Herbert, and the type,
one from Hullville, Lake County, collected by L. R. Reynolds,
and three from Los Gatos, collected by F: H. Herbert. The
material secured by Mr. Burke and Mr. Herbert was taken on
Ccanothus cuneatus Nutt.
Type in my own collection, collected above Placerville along
the Placerville road, El Dorado County, June 9, 1906, by F. W.
Nunenmacher and by him kindly presented to me.
Acmaeodera sinuata sex-notata n. subsp. (PI. VII, fig. 3").
Like typical form except proportionately broader and with the lat-
eral yellow band broken up into large spots. These are situated, one
just posterior to the humeri, a second at al^out the middle of the sides,
and a third between that and apex with a trace of a fourth slightly
posterior to the last. The three large spots are all somewhat trans-
verse, extending from the margin of the elytra inwards to almost the
second stria in the case of the first, almost to the third stria in ihe
second, and to the third in the third. Length 9.5 mm., breadth 4 mm.
This variety superficially resembles in size, shape and mark-
ings typical forms of A. robusta Horn. It can however readily
be distinguished from that by lacking the yellow spots of the
thorax as well as by its more bronzed elytra and less sinuate
anterior margin to prosternum. While all the specimens in the
lot from which the type was taken are broad, others have been
seen which were of the exact shape of tvpical sinuata. These
were also taken in company with the latter. T have seen four
specimens of the broad form in the collection of Dr. F. E.
Blaisdell and know that Mr. L. R. Reynolds also possesses
some six or eight taken at the same time and place as the type
and from Crmint'ius cuneatus \Tuft . and t\vo specimens of the
narrower phase in the collection of Mr. II. E. Burke, both
154 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 'iQ
bred from Ccanothus cuncatus Nutt. that was secured from
Placerville.
Type in my own collection, collected at Hullville, Lake
County, Cal., June 14-17, 1917, by Dr. F. E. Blaisdell, to whose
generosity I am indebted for the same. Paratypes are in Dr.
Blaisdell's collection.
Acmaeodera wenzeli n. sp. (PI. VII, fig. 4).
Form elongate, subparallel, slightly depressed, bronzed, elytra with a
bluish tinge, sparsely covered above with moderately long, erect, black
hair, changing to white laterally, prothorax unicolorous, each elytron
with three distinct yellow maculations placed as follows : One triangular
blotch placed halfway between base and apex and extending slightly
forward along margin and inwardly four intervals from the margin, a
second fascia between this and apex and extending from the third
stria obliquely outward almost to margin, the third a small spot placed
subapically and on the third and fourth intervals (in my specimen
there is also a fourth spot on right elytron between the second and
third maculation).
Head moderately coarsely and sparsely punctate, no frontal carina,
clypeus deeply semicircularly emarginate, antennae with fifth joint
suddenly dilated ; thorax less than twice as wide as long, apex and
base subtruncate, sides rounded in front, parallel and straight for
posterior two thirds, margin fine, not visible from above, disc with a
slight median basal impression and a deeper one each side midway
between this and the posterior angles, the latter the terminations of
shallow oblique lateral impressions, the disc rather finely and sparsely
punctate and the sides coarsely and cribrately punctured.
Elytra as wide at base as the thorax, umbones feebly prominent,
sides slightly sinuate to posterior two-thirds where elytra are widest,
thence gradually convergent and rounded to apex, margin slightly ser-
rate posteriorly, disc somewhat convex, striae finely impressed snteri-
orly, quite deeply posteriorly, and with rather coarse punctures basally
and fine apically, intervals flat and with a single series of fine punc-
tures.
Body beneath coarsely, densely punctured anteriorly, finely, sparsely
over abdomen, clothed with long white hair, the anterior r.iargin of
prosternum subtruncate, the last ventral with distinct subapical carina.
Length 9.25 mm., breadth 3.25 mm.
This species belongs with the species having a truncate pro-
sternal margin and is close to A. consors Horn, from which it
differs by having a different type of maculation as well as a
diverse shape, particularly in respect to the prothorax, and
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 155
another style of punctuation. The unicolored thorax as well
as the deeply emarginate clypeus will always enable this to be
separated from the darker and narrower phases of A. pul-
chcllus Herbst and its allies.
Type in my collection, collected in the Chisos Mountains,
Texas, July 19, by Mr. H. A. Wenzel and kindly presented to
me by his father, Mr. H. W. Wenzel, after whom 1 take pleas-
ure in naming it. Two other specimens are now in the collec-
tion of Mr. Wenzel.
Acmaeodera wheeleri n. sp. (PI. VII, fig. 5).
Form elongate, subparallel and subcylindrical, head and prothorax
markedly bronzed, the latter with a small obscure yellow spot near
posterior angles, the elytra a deep blue, each elytron with two rows of
large yellow spots, the discal with four, one subbasal, one subapical
and two between equally distant from each other and the
nearest of these, the marginal with three spots which practically alter-
nate with the discal, the head and thorax clothed with short white
semi-erect squamulose hairs, the elytra with rows of short white semi-
erect setae, the latter arising from the punctures of the elytral inter-
vals.
Head coarsely, shallowly, cribrately punctured, the clypeus rather
deeply emarginate, antennae with fifth joint suddenly dilated; thorax
two-thirds as long as broad, base truncate and apex bisinuate, broader
at base than apex and broadest at middle, sides evenly though slightly
arcuate, margin narrow and concealed from above, surface closely,
evenly, cribrately punctured, three basal foveae, one at middle, the
other at either side and midway between middle and posterior angles.
Elytra twice as long as wide, as wide at base as the thorax, umbone
feebly prominent, sides slightly sinuate in front and gradually nar-
rowed from just beyond middle to apex, margins moderately serrate
posteriorly, disc convex, striae deeply impressed, especially near suture
and at the sides, and punctured with large approximate punctures, the
inner intervals slightly flattened, the outer convex, with single row of
fine punctures down the centre from which project short semi-erect
setae.
Body beneath rather coarsely, closely punctured anteriorly, more
finely and sparsely over abdomen, densely clothed with white recum-
bent squamulose hairs, the anterior margin of prosternum truncate,
the last ventral with a short subapical carina. Length 9.5 mm., width
3 mm.
This elegant and very distinct species likewise belongs with
the species having a truncate prosternal margin. It should be
156 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [JllllC, 'iQ
placed next to A. cribricollis Horn with which it agrees in gen-
eral size, form and in regard to the cribrate type of prothoracic
punctuation. It, however, differs markedly from this in regard
to its coloration, the type of vestiture, and so on, and bears no
resemblance whatever to any of our other North American
species.
Type and paratype in my collection, collected in the Sabino
Canyon, Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona, July 23, 1917, by
Prof. W. M. Wheeler and by him kindly presented to me. Sev-
eral other specimens are now in Prof. Wheeler's possession.
The species is named in honor of its captor.
( To be continued. )
Argynnis apacheana Skinner and Edwards' Plates of
A. nokomis (Lep.).
By ALBERT F. WINN, Montreal, Canada.
It is not without a certain amount of fear and trembling that
I venture to make a few remarks on a species of this most per-
plexing genus of butterflies.
Under the name of A. nokomis Edw. we acquired last month
for the collection of the Lyman Entomological Room, McGill
University, a perfect pair of the species, which has been known
under that name until a few months ago when Dr. Hy. Skinner
rechristened it as Argynnis apacheana.1
There seems to be no doubt that he is correct in his contention
that the single male specimen that Edwards received in 1862 and
described in the Proceedings of the Academy of Natural
Sciences,2 under the name of A. nokomis, is identical with
what he afterwards described as A. nitocris3 from another
single male example, and that, therefore, A. nitocris Edw.
becomes a synonym of A. nokomis Edw. — leaving the species
described as A. nokomis, with figure showing both sexes and
upper and lower surfaces in plate4 — in need of a name, which
Dr. Skinner has now supplied — apacheana.
!Ent. News, XXIX, 67-68, Feb., 1918.
- Proceedings of the Acad. Nat. Sc. of Philadelphia, 1862, p. 221.
3 Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. V (not XV as quoted in Knt. News), p. is
(1874).
4 Edwards, Butterflies of N. A., Vol. I, pi. IV of Argynnis, pp. 73-
74; 1873 (not 1868).
Vol. XXX 1 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 157
There is one statement made by Dr. Skinner which appears
to need modification or explanation; namely, that Edwards did
not publish the plate drawn by D. Wiest, showing the male
that he had described in 1862.
In Vol. I, Butterflies of North America, p. 175, (following
the author's instructions regarding pencilling in the numbers
for plates and text pages), is given a list of "Dates-of Issue of
Parts i-io." Part i reads as follows: "June, 1868, (on cover
April, 1868) containing Argynnis Diana, A. cybclc, A. aphro-
dite, A. nokomis, A. atlantis." That the part was duly sent
out is shown by the following quotation from The Canadian
Entomologist under the heading of "Review of New Entomo-
logical Works" :5 "The part contains 5 large 4to plates of these
various species of Argynnis, viz., A. diana, cybclc, aphrodite
nokomis and atlantis, accompanied by descriptive letter press
of a valuable character."
In Kirby's Catalogue" the reference to Argynnis nokomis
Edw. reads: "Proc. Ac. Na. Sc., Phila., p. 221 (1862) But. of
N. Am. I, iv (1868) ;" the locality is cited as Montana.
Edwards, Synopsis,7 species 4, of Argynnis reads "nokomis $
F.dw. Proc. Ac. Na. Sc., Phila., 1862. $ But. N. A., pi. iv of
Argynnis (1868)."
It therefore seems quite evident that Part I, with its 5 plates,
including that of nokomis, male only, drawn by D. Wiest, and
accompanying letter-press for each, was duly forwarded to sub-
scribers.
A further reference to "Dates of Issue" shows Supplement,
Ian., 1873, "containing new plates of Argynnis diana, A. noko-
mis, A. Icto." So it seems that, after five years elapsed since
the plates of A. diana and A. nokomis were issued, new plates
were made and sent out with new letter press likewise, but
whether subscribers were requested or instructed to replace the
originals by the revised ones or not I have no means of know-
ing, but there seems no doubt both were issued ; in fact, in the
5 Can. Entom. I. pp. 22-23, Toronto, Oct. 15, 1868.
{; Synonymical Catalogue of diurnal Lepidoptera, p. 157. 1871.
"Synopsis of X. A. I'.utterflies, p. i_>. 1'hila., iS;_', (also in reprint
of 1879).
l6o ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 'iQ
Odonata Zygoptera from Guatemala
Collected by Messrs. William Schaus and John T. Barnes.
By PHILIP P. CALVERT, University of Pennsylvania, Phila-
delphia, Pa.
This paper is essentially a continuation of that published in
the NEWS for February and March, 1919, to which reference
should be made for general information concerning localities
visited by the collectors.
C ALOPTERYGI N AE.
Hetaerina cruentata (Ramhur). Chejel, June, 1917, 1 $. San
Felipe, February, 1 9 .
I postpone until a later occasion a consideration of the dif-
ferences stated by Dr. Ris (Archiv. f. Naturges., 1916, A, 9,
1918) to exist between the females of cruentata and caja.
Hetaerina tricolor ( Burmeister). Cayuga, bananas, October 29,
2 9 (1 teneral), November 23, 1 $. Quirigua, February 21, 1
teneral $ ; forest, February 22, 1 teneral 9, March 30, 1 $. All
these specimens have well-developed pterostigmata.
Hetaerina titia (Drury). Cayuga, April 20. 1 $ ; edge of forest,
April 30, 1 9; forest, May 3, 1 $, May 8, 1 9 ; in banana trail.
May 25, 1917, 1 9 ; forest stream. May 29, 1 $ ; forest, June 1, first
good rain yesterday, 1 9, "entirely black, white spots [= pterostig-
mata] on tips"; forest, August 14, 1 teneral $ ; August 29, 1
$. Quirigua, forest, March 30, 1 $. The Cayuga male of Au-
gust 29 has no pterostigma on any wing; all the other individuals
of both sexes have this distinctly developed.
Mr. Williamson (Ent. News, xxiii, pp. 98-101, March, 1912)
has come to the conclusion "that in the United States one vari-
able species hitherto known as Hetaerina titia and H. tricolor
exists." His evidence, which I am quite disposed to accept,
refers only to the males. If these two nominal species are in
reality variants of but one, we should find gradations from the
females erf tricolor to females of titia. In a key to the females
of Hetaerina in the Biologia volume, page 21, I separated tri-
color from a number of other species as follows:
"b. Metallic green on either side of the thoracic dorsum (mesepister-
num) divided into two spots, the anterior contiguous to the mid-
dorsal carina, the posterior separated from it by buff or brown,
tricolor
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL XF.WS. l6l
bb. Metallic green of each mesepisternum continuous, contiguous to
the mid-dorsal carina (or nearly so) throughout its entire length,
tit la and other species
We should, then, find females in which the anterior and pos-
terior metallic green spots of tricolor females approach and
finally fuse with each other and some in which the posterior
spot becomes connected with the mid-dorsal carina. The pres-
ent Guatemalan material does not furnish any of these inter-
gradations, but two females from the Rio Machuca, Costa
Rica, January, 1907, by Prof. P. Biolley, cited on page 345 of
the Biologia, afford some of the intermediate conditions sought
for.
One of them has the upper end of each posterior (superior) metallic
green spot connected by a narrower curved stripe of metallic blue
with a black line which runs contiguously to the whole length of the
mid-dorsal carina ; the distance between the anterior and posterior
metallic green spots however is greater than the greatest dimension of
the anterior spot.
The other female has the posterior metallic green spot more broadly
connected at its upper end with a narrow metallic green stripe which
borders the black line that, as in the first female, runs contiguously
to the whole length of the mid-dorsal carina ; this narrow, bordering
metallic green stripe unites with the postero-mesal angle of the anterior
metallic green spot. This latter female suggests that a broadening
laterad of the "narrow, bordering metallic green stripe" may be the
method by which the transition from the thoracic pattern of typical
tricolor female to that of typical titia female is made.
Hetaerina macropus Selys. Cayuga, forest stream, May 31, 1 $ .
Escuintla, February, 1 $, July 10, 1 9. Mazatenango, in forest,
July 19, 1 $ .
The Escuintla $ has no stigma on one front and one hind wing,
the 9 none on the right hind wing ; in all three wings a more oblique
thickened postnodal (postcubital) cross-vein represents the missing
part. The female differs from the characters stated for macropus on
page 347 of the Biologia volume (under H. capitalis 9 ) in that the
metallic green stripe on the mesepimeron reaches to the upper end of
the sclerite. // the differentials of the females of macropus and of
capitalis there given be correct, one female (at least) from Cacao,
Alta Vera Paz, Guatemala, referred to macropus on page 346 of the
volume should be corrected to capitalis.
Hetaerina capitalis Selys. Cayuga, forest stream, May :u, 1 $,
"body black, thorax with obliqur dark brown streaks; base of
l62 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, '19
wings crimson, below with lilacine streak"; forest, June 4, 1 $ .
Volcan Santa Maria, 5000 feet, April 19, $ 9 "in cop."
The lengths of the abdomens and hind wings of the three males
and one female, respectively, are: 41.5, 29.5; 36.5, 27; 43, 35; 36, 34
mm. All four specimens have pterostigmata.
Cora marina Selys (race alcyone Selys?). Cayuga, near stream
in bananas, May 28, 1 $, "Black with subdorsal dark grey inter-
rupted streak. Ventrally dark grey." Abd. 28, hind wing 26 mm.
Front wings: from base to nodus 13.5, from nodus to apex 14 mm.;
29 antenodals, the llth thicker, 24 (right), 22 (left) postnodals;
extreme length of the stigma 3.22, its costal edge 2.38 mm. The
nasus is crossed by a median black band .35 mm. in width. The
mid-dorsal black band on abdominal segments 2-7 is wider on each
segment than on that preceding and on all of them wider than
the lateral pale band; in side view of the abdomen the half of this
mid-dorsal black band that is visible is from one-sixth (on 2) and
one-fourth (on 3), to one and one-half times (on 7), as wide as
the pale lateral band. The black mid-dorsal thoracic stripe is at
its narrowest place .59 mm. in width, and the black stripes on the
humeral and first lateral sutures reach widths of .35 and .21 mm.
respectively.
This female is similar to Costa Rican females which I have
referred* to marina or to forms intermediate between marina
and alcyone, but is still smaller and with more black on all three
regions of the body. Dr. Ris, writing of specimens of marina
from Panama and Bugabita in Panama, says :
"Die Serie entspricht somit den kleinen Massen [der C. marina]
bei Calvert, und bei Selys den Massen der C. alcyone (3. Addit.
Synops. Calopt., p. 39, 1873, $ Bogota). Diese ist so gut wie sicher
keine besondere Art, sondern mit diesen kleinen Exemplaren der C.
marina identisch." (Archiv f. Naturges., 1916, A, 9, p. 19, 1918.)
LESTINAE.
Lestes tenuatus Rambur. Cayuga, caught on verandah, May 24,
1 $ . "Thorax dark green with lateral black stripe, pale green below
stripe. Abdomen olive brown above; fine whitish segmental lines
antTeriorlly and fine black lines posteriorly on each segment.
Abd. whitish brown below."
Not previously recorded from Guatemala, although known
both to the north and to the south.
* Calvert, A. S. and P. P., 1917. A Year of Costa Rican Natural
History, New York, Macmillan, p. 368.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 163
AGRIONINAE.
Megaloprepus coerulatus (Drury). Cayuga, forest, May 24, i $,
May 28, i $ . Both specimens agree with the characters given for .17.
coerulatus coerulatus by Dr. Ris (Archiv. f. Naturges., 1916, A, 9, p.
68, 1918).
Pseudostigma aberrans Selys. Cayuga, April 19, 1 $, April 21,
1 $ ; forest, May 21, 1 $ . Mazatenango, May, 1 9 .
In all three males the false pterostigma stops short of reaching the
end of the "median vein" (R) by a distance less than its own length,
but its length is much less than in the material described in the Biologia
volume, page 54, being on front and hind wings for the three males
respectively, measured in a straight line from end to end on the wing-
margin, 6, 7 ; 6, 6.5; 7, 7.5 mm. The number of cells in the first "row,"
i. e. between C and R, is 14-24, and in the second "row," i. e. between
R and Mi, is 3-7, front and hind wings affording nearly equal varia-
tions.
Pseudostigma accedens Selys. Quirigua, February 24, 1 9, abd.
segs. 8-10 lacking.
The false pterostigma occupies three rows of cells on both front
and hind wings; hind wing 60 mm.
Mecistogaster ornatus Rambur. Escuintla, February, 1 9.
Mecistogaster modestus Selys. Cayuga, Rio Negro trail, forest,
April 30, 1 $ , 1 9 ; forest, May 3, 1 teneral 9 , June 7, 1 9 . Quirigua,
March 10, 1 $ ; forest, March, 1 teneral £ . Purulha, forest, July
7,1 $ . Escuintla, forest, March, 1 teneral ^ .
Some remarks on the taxonomy of this species subsequent to
the publication of the Biologia volume will be found in Ent.
News, xxii, p. 457, December, 1911, and by Dr. Ris, Archiv. f.
Naturges., 1916, A, 9, p. 73, 1918.
Heteragrion tricellulare Calvert. Purulha, July 11, 1 £ .
Heteragrion alienum Williamson (Occas. Papers, Mus. Zool.
Univ. Mich., No. 68, p. 33, 1919). Cayuga, forest river, March 21,
1916, 3 $, "all pale markings orange": forest stream, April 5, 1 $ ;
forest, May 3, 1 $ ; forest, June 4, 1 $ .
Argia pulla Hagen. Cayuga, bananas, October 29, 1 £ .
Argia oculata Hagen. Cayuga, forest, April 25, 1 $, 1 9. The 9
has the labrum black with two small pale spots, no pale mid-dorsal
or inferior longitudinal lines or stripes on abdominal segment 5 but
the mesostigmal lamina agrees with figure 11, pi. IV of the Bio-
logia.
Argia difficilis Selys. Cayuga, April !'.», 1 9 ; Quirigua, forest,
March, 1 9 .
Prof. Foerster has remarked (Archiv. f. Naturges., Soter
Jahrg., 1914, Abt. 2, 2 Heft, p. 66) :
164 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June. 'iQ
In Synopsis des Agrionines hat De Selys ein 9 als A. difficilis be-
schrieben, von Jurimaguas in Peru. Calvert identifiziert damil eine
Argia vom otulata-Typus von Zentral-Amerika, Kolombia und Ekua-
dor. Ich halte diese aber fur die typische oculata. Selys beschreibt
letztere von Venezuela. Ich besitze Ecuador-Exemplare, welche mit
Hagens Abbildung in den Appendices iibereinstimmen. Von Madre de
Dios in Peru liegt ein Mannchen vor, welches ich fur typischer halte
als Calverts Exemplare.
From his description of this male I quote only the following:
Pterostigma rhomboid, Innenseite und Aussenseite ziemlich gleich,
die hintere kaum langer, Vorderseite etwa 6/5 der hintern.
Prof. Foerster says nothing as to whether his Madre de Dios
male is conspecific with de Selys' female type of difficilis, and
until this is positively ascertained one cannot be sure that he
has correctly identified his specimen. In favor of his view,
indeed, is de Selys' statement : "pterostigma brun, plus f once au
centre, rhomboi'dal aussi long que large, surmontant une cel-
lule," whereas in the specimens which I have regarded as diffi-
cilis the stigma is longer than wide, as the following measure-
ments show :
"Difficilis" 9 , Cayuga, April 19, fore wing, stigma, anterior side .9,
posterior side .9, proximal side .78, distal side .78 mm. These measure-
ments were all made from the outside of the enclosing veins ; cor-
responding measurements of the same stigma made inside the en-
closing veins are .78, .78, .55, .61 mm.
"Difficilis" 9, Quirigua, March: .86, .9, .77, .65 (.78, .69, .53, .53) mm.
"Difficilis" $, Bucay, Ecuador: .86, .86, .57, .61 (.77, .69, .45, .49) mm.
Oculata $, Cayuga, April 25: .82, .82, .61, .61 (.69, .65, .49, .49) mm.
Oculata 9, Cayuga, April 25: .94, .96, .77, .65 (.82, .82, .61, .57) mm.
Dr. Ris (Archiv. f. Naturges., 1916, A, 9, p. 107, 1918) has
accepted my interpretation of difficilis and makes no reference
to the views of Prof. Foerster ; it is of interest to note that he
quotes i $ , 2. 9 , Oberer Madre de Dios. Peru, as of A. ocu-
lata (t. c., pp. 105-6).
Argia cuprea Hagen. Cayuga, January, 1918, $ 9 "in cop."; they
are of the "form a" of Dr. Ris (Archiv f. Naturges, 1916, A, 9, pp.
110-112. 1018).
Argia extranea Hagen. Purulha, October, 1 9 .
Acanthagrion gracile (Rambur). Quirigua, March 1, 1915, 1 $.
Like other Central American and Mexican examples, this will
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 165
probably require another specific name when the penis of the type
of gracile shall have been examined.
Telebasis digiticollis Calvert. Cayuga, house, October 25, 1 9 .
Metaleptobasis bovilla Calvert. Cayuga, house, September 2,
1917, 1 $.
The single (type) $ was imperfect, wherefore the following:
rhinarium and labium yellow, anlennal joints following the second
very slender, blackish. Prothorax orange, unmarked, hind lobe
low, convex, apparently entire. The transverse basal pale rings on
abdominal segments 2-8. Ultra-nodal sector (Mia) arising at the
ninth postnodal on the hind wings (11 postnodals in hind wings),
upper sector of triangle (Cul^l ending at level of eighth or ninth
postnodal (front wings) or eighth (hind wings).
Mr. Williamson also has described a single male of this spe-
cies from near Puerto Barrios, Guatemala, taken June 23, 1909.
(Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 48, pp. 602, 604, 1915.)
Palaemnema sp. Cayuga, forest. April 2,">, 1 teneral $, abd. segs.
7-10 lacking.
Neoneura aaroni Calvert. Cayuga, house, bath-room, August 28,
1 $ , of the very young stage (a) of the original description (Bio-
lom'a. p. 139), the hind wing a little longer, (18 mm.).
This species has not been found previously south of Texas.
Additional figures have been published by Mr. Williamson
(Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., xliii, p. 241, 1917).
The Flights of Spiders in the Autumn of 19 18
(Arach., Aran.).
By J. H. EMERTON, Boston, Massachusetts.
The Indian summer of 1918 came on early, and continued
in periods of two or three days at short intervals until the last
of November. October 9 was one of the first of these davs.
and at noon eight species of spiders were noticed on. garden
fences in Cambridge, Massachusetts, some of them making ef-
forts to fly. Eavorable weather continuing the next day, T went
to my usual autumn hunting ground at Readville, just south
of Boston, where a long stretch of wire fences furnish landing
places for the spiders flying from several miles of marsh along
the Neponset River. Twenty-eight species of spiders were
found between the hours of ten and twelve, most of them of
l66 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June. 'iQ
species that might have been swept from the tall grass and low
bushes of the neighboring- fields at any time during the sum-
mer. The only adults were six species of Attidae, but one of
them, Zygoballus terrestris, a regular autumn flyer. The small
Linyphiadae, which are so characteristic of the late autumn
flights, were entirely absent. The flying went on several days
of the following week, and on October 17 twenty-six species
were taken, three of them adult Attidae, and eight adult small
Linyphiadae that live in the summer near the ground, among
grasses and other low plants. As the season went on the
number of Linyphiadae increased and that of the Attidae and
Thomisidae diminished, only Xysticns quadrilineatus continu-
ing through the season, with Misumena asperata abundant the
first two wrecks. Tnieticns bostoniensis and Diplostyla albo-
irntris came in on October 17 and, opposite certain fields, con-
tinued abundant through the season.
Of the regular fliers the young of all the species of Pirata
and Pardosa increased in numbers until the very last of the
season, and at all times there were some individuals of Epeira
prompta, Epeira displicata, Singa varlabilis, Anyphocna rubra
and Dolomedes se. v pun c talus. The largest number of species
and of individuals was taken on November 8, when there were
adults of twelve species of Linyphiadae and young of two
others, with great numbers of young Lycosidae of all kinds.
The best flying weather of the season occurred November
16 between 9.30 and 10.30 A. M., when a hundred spiders o-f
the species listed under that date were taken. At that time
there was no wind that could be felt, and several half -grown
Pardosa were seen to rise vertically from fence posts until out
of sight. At 10.30 the wind rose slightly and changed to the
east, and the flying stopped. Nothing new in regard to the1
method of flight was observed this season. Several spiders,
while ascending, were seen to draw out a thread attached to
the starting point. Several species were seen to drop and hang
swinging by a thread, two or three inches long, and in this posi-
tion to let out flying threads and drift away in the air.
Sixty-nine species in all were observed. Very young Epeira
iusularis and trifolium show that these species sometimes de-
Vol. xxx]
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
I67
velop far enough to leave the cocoon in the fall, instead of
waiting until spring. The accompanying table shows the spe-
cies seen on fences during some of the largest flights and their
changes through the season. Only those with the sex marks
were adult, but many others were within one molt of maturity,
including Lophocarenum f lor ens, Dictyna rolucripes, Linyphia
phrygiana, Anyphoena rnbra and Pardosa glacialis, all of
which mature very early in the spring. The Lycosidae were of
all sizes, most of them very small, while other individuals of
the same species were nearly ready for the final molt.
Oct. jo
Oct. 17
Oct. 23
Nov. 7
Nov. 8 Nov. 16
Theridion murarium ....
Theridion frondeum ....
—
—
—
— '
—
—
Enoplognatha mannorata
Mimetus interfector
Ceratinella bntnnea ....
Ceratinella emcrtoni ....
—
—
. . .
-c??
-c?
-cT
~4
• • •
-c?
— 9
— <?
— 9
Cornicularia indirecta . . .
Cornicularia communis . .
Spiropalpus spiralis
Gonatium ntbriun
-c?9
. . .
-j
-&
=f
-<?9
-c?9
-c?
. . .
— c?
-9
-9 '
=f
Grammonata ornata
Lophocarenum f lor ens . .
Lophocarenum spiniferum
Lophocarenum crenatum
Tmeticus trilobatus ....
Tmcticus bpstoniensis . .
Tmeticus plumosus
• •
-J
— 9
— J9
— d1 '
— &
—&
-tf
—J9
— &
— d1
• • •
— d1
^
— o^9
— cf
-c?9
— c?
. . .
-c?
Microneta rectangulata .
Bathyphantes anyulata . .
— c?
. . .
— cf
Q
Diplostyla alboventris . . .
Diplostyla concolor
— c?
— 9
— c?9
— c?9
—
—
Linyphia mari/inata
Linyphia phrygiana
—
—
—
r,pcu a stella-ta
Rpcira prompta
—
—
F.peira patai/iata
—
—
Epcirci displicata
Epcira insulcins
r.peitn trifoliiim
Sing a variabilis
—
—
—
Tetra</nafha laboriosa . . .
T 68
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[June, '19
Lycosa nidicola
Lycosa lepida
Pirata minuta
Pirata insular is
Pardosa glacialis
Pardosa nigripalpis
Pardosa diffusa
Dolomedes sexpunctatus
Pisaura undata
Anyphaena rubra
Anyphacna saltabunda . .
Cheirocanthium viridc . .
Prosthesima atra
Misumena asperata
Coriarachne versicolor . .
Xysticus quadrilineatus
Xysticus gulosus
Xysticus stomachosus . . .
Tmarus caudatus
Philodromus pictus
Tibellus oblongus
Phidippus tripunctatus . . .
Phidippus multiformis . .
Wala mitrata
Zygoballus bcttini
Zygoballus terrestris ....
Epiblemum sccnicum ...
Salticus cfihippiatus ....
Icius hartii
Dcndryphantcs aesth'alis
Dendryphantcs niilitaris. .
Oct. 10
Oct. 17
Oct. 23
Nov. 7
Nov. 8
Nov. 16
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
. . .
. . .
. . .
—
• • •
=
,
.
_
„ „
-9
— 9
— 9
— 0" 9
— cf 9
— c?
— cf 9
— c?9
— c? 9
— 0"
— c? 9
A Further Note on the Wing-Coupling Apparatus in the Family
Micropterygidae. (Lep.).
The short note made by the author on this subject in Ent. News,
Vol. xxix, p. go (March, 1918), needs correction in an important par-
ticular. The study was carried out on the five genera Microptcry.r,
Sabatinca, Mnesarchaca, Eriocrania and Mnemonica. Of the first
three genera plenty of good material was available, and the results
obtained were undoubtedly correct. Of the other two, the author had
unfortunately only one or two very poor specimens. Further work on
better specimens since received has demonstrated clearly that these
two genera, belonging to the subfamily Eriocraniinae. though they
possess a frenulum as before stated, do not have the jugal lobe turned
under the forewing; this lobe projects backwards above the costa of
the hindwing, as Comstock has recently figured it. Thus there is a
very distinct difference between the condition of the jugal lobe in the
Micropteryginae and Mnesarchaeinae on the one band, and that of the
Eriocraniinae on the other. Considering also the differences in larval
structure, it seems clear that we are really dealinec with three distinct
families, and that Meyrick's uniting of them all into one can only
result in much confusion of ideas. — R. J. TILLY ARD, Hornsby, New
South Wales, Australia.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. IOQ
A New Skipper from South America
(Lepid., Hesperidae).
By A. W. LJNDSEY, Decatur, Illinois.
A specimen received from Colombia, South America, in
the spring of 1918 has been placed as a new species of Ma-
bille's genus Haemactis. Mabille concludes his description
with the statement, "Tibias posterieurs nus a une paire d'epe-
rons" (hind tibiae bare, with one pair of spurs), but the speci-
men at hand bears a short tuft of hair at the distal end of the
hind tibiae and a long tuft at their proximal end. Its great
similarity to H. sanguinalis, type of Haemactis, in other re-
spects has led to *ts being placed with that species, for the
secondary sexual characters alone seem insufficient for the
establishment of a new genus.
Haemactis pyrrhosphenus n. sp. (Text-fig.).
Upper surface of wing? deep brown with the following bright scarlet
marks : On the primaries a basal patch and a sub-basal cuneate band
extend from the costa almost to the anal vein. These are followed,
just before the end of the cell, by a similar pair of cuneate spots ex-
tending inward to the middle of the cell. All of these marks are cut
by the brown ground color along the veins so that their cuneate shape
is only approximate. The four subapical spots so common among the
skippers are present, but are outwardly indistinct and merge through
a powdery area with the terminal marks. Next to the cell they are
ochreous. The outer margin has a rounded-cuneate mark of the same
shade of scarlet in each interspace and two between Cu2 and A, which
are somewhat longer than the rest. Fringes brown, paler than the
ground color. Secondaries similar to primaries but lacking the costal
marks. The terminal cuneate marks are about one-quarter as long
as the wing and are inwardly more acute than those of the primaries.
Beneath, the primaries are fuscous brown with the inner margin
paler and a short, whitish dash along the base of the cubital stem.
Only the apical red mark, part of the middle costal patch, and the pre-
apical spots are visible on this surface. The secondaries are fuscous
brown between the costa and cell, thence gradually blending into the
grayish-luteous inner margin. The veins are marked with the same
shade as the costal portion and the outer margin is tinged with scarlet.
Fringes of both wings fuscous.
The body is brown above, palpi brown, and head with a few red
scales forming a thin transverse line behind the eyes and a small patch
of white scales in front of each eye. Underneath the body and legs
are concolorous with the wings and the palpi show a few white scales.
170
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
[June, '19
Attached to the inner surface of the hind tibia of the male at the
proximal end is a slender tuft of long hairs which extends beyond
the distal end of the tibia. Here, on the opposite side of the leg, is
attached a tuft of shorter hairs which lies along the upper surface of
the metatarsus and does not quite reach its end. (See figure. )
Expanse of type 40 mm.
Type one male from Muzo, Colombia, South America, taken
June, 1917, now in the collection of the writer.
Eumerus strigatus Again (Dip., Syrphidae).
By C. L. METCALF, Ohio State University.
In an interesting article by Messrs. Weiss and Nicolay,
"Eumerus strigatus Fall., the Lunate Onion Fly. in New Jer-
sey" (ENT. NEWS, xxx, p. 27. Jan., 1919), the authors call
attention to the capture of an adult in a greenhouse in New
Jersey and to its having been reared from roots and bulbs
found in New York, Connecticut and Texas (B).*
The authors appear to be of the opinion that the fly is prac-
ticallv unknown in North America, for thev say:
-• j j
"Considering the fact that it was first noted in the United States
in 1906 (Chittenden ) , it is strange that more records of it have not
turned up."
A hurried survey of the literature reveals the following rec-
ords ; probably others have been overlooked :
*The letters refer to articles in the bibliography below.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 17!
(A) 1910, Dec., JOHNSON, CHARLES W., Some Additions to the Dip-
teran Fauna of New England, Psyche, xvii, 6, p. 230.
(B) 1912, Jan., FELT, EPHRAIM PORTER, 27th Report of the State En-
tomologist, N. Y., 1911 (N. Y. State Ed. Dept., Bui. 510, 1912,
pp. 119, 120.)
(C) 1915, April, DAVIDSON, W. M., Occurrence of Eumcrns (Syrphi-
dae) in California, Can. Ent., xlvii, 4, pp. 134-135.
(D) 1916, June, JOHNSON, CHARLES W., Some New England Syrphi-
dae, Psyche, xxiii, 3, p. 80.
(E) 1916, Oct., DAVIDSON, W. M., Economic Syrphidae in California.
Jour. EC. Ent., Vol. 9, No. 5, p. 457.
(F) 1916, Oct., METCALF, C. L., Syrphidae of Maine, Me. Agr. Exper.
Sta. Bull. 253, p. 217.
(G) 1917, June, GIBSON, ARTHUR, The Occurrence of Eumerus stri-
yatus Fin. m Canada, Can. Ent., xlix, 6, pp. 190, igi.f
Felt (B) says: "There appears to be no published record of
the insect having been found in America." W. M. Davidson
(C) and Arthur Gibson (G) in articles in the Canadian Ento-
mologist, both accredit the first record of the species from
America to Felt (B). All of these authors appear to have
overlooked the note by Mr. Charles W. Johnson in Psyche
for December, 1910 (A), which antedates the record by Felt
by more than a year, and which is, so far as I am aware, the
first published record of Ennienis in America. The specimens
noted by Johnson were taken in 1908 and 1909. Hence, the
first ca pi nrc of the species on the American continent may be
that by Doctor Fletcher at Ottawa, in 1904, as reported by
Gibson (G).
The chronological record for this species in North America,
so far as reported, appears therefore to be as follows :
1904, August 19, Ottawa, Canada; adult, Doctor Fletcher. (First cap-
ture) (G).
1906. October, reared at Washington, D. C., from bulbs from Buffalo,
N. Y., from Connecticut and from Brownsville, Texas; Doctor
Chittenden (B).
1908, June 3, Buffalo, N. Y. ; adult, M. C. Van Duzee (A).
t Since this article was submitted for publication, there have ap-
peared in the Journal of Economic Entomology (Vol. 12, No. 2, April.
1919, p. 135) two short notes on the occurrence of these flies, by E. R.
Sasscer and R. C. Osburn, which further extend the known distribu-
tion of Eumenis strif/ahis to Ohio, Philadelphia. Colorado and the
State of Washington.
T/2 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, IQ
1909, June, Brookline, Mass.; adult, Charles W. Johnson (A).
1910, April, Victoria, B. C. ; reared from Narcissus bulbs, E. A. Wal-
lace (G).
1910, October, Victoria, B. C. ; larvae abundant in greenhouse, C. G.
Hewitt (G).
1910, December, first published record; Johnson, C. W. (A).
1911, August 19, Saratoga Springs, N. Y., reared from Iris roots, E. P.
Felt (B).
1914, May to July, Walnut Creek, Berkeley and Oakland, California;
ten specimens on the wing, W. M. Davidson (C).
1916, Melrose Highlands, Mass.; adult, R. T. Webber (D).
1916, San Francisco Bay region, Calif.; adults, W. M. Davidson (E).
1916, July 2$, Bar Harbor, Mt. Desert Island, Maine ; I took a num-
ber of adults on the wing in one of the large nurseries. They
were flying about among low-growing ornamentals, feeding
from the blossoms. The nurserymen had no record of damage
by the larvae to their bulbs.
1917, February 5, Montreal, Quebec; adult in greenhouse, J. I. Beaulne
(G).
To these records I can add the following:
1916, May 23, Eburne, B. C. ; adult, R. S. Sherman.
In 1917 I received through the kindness of Mr. H. F. Dietz,
of the Federal Horticultural Board, a number of larvae of this
species which had been intercepted in Narcissus bulbs from
Holland in November. The larvae pupated in the laboratory
from February 12 to March i, and adults emerged from Feb-
ruary 28 to March 14. On this last date some of the speci-
mens were still larvae.
The species is recorded to have two generations a year. Its
host plants include onion, Iris, shallot, Narcissus, hyacinth, and
Amaryllis. Its reported distribution in America ranges from
Maine to California and from Texas to British Columbia,
Ottawa and Quebec. I believe that this species, like its com-
panion in habit, Mcrodon cqncstrls. is thoroughly established
in widely separated regions of this continent ; that many other
records of its occurrence at intermediate points will be forth-
coming ; and that it constitutes a real and totally unappreciated
menace to the interests of horticulturists, florists and onion
farmers. It will be very surprising if we do not have a sud-
den and severe outbreak of one or both of these pests, when
they have become a little more thoroughly acclimated and have
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 1/3
experienced a period of conditions favorable to their rapid in-
crease in numbers.
I note the following records of the occurrence of the latter
species, known as the larger Narcissus- or Daffodil-fly, which
are in addition to the records of its interception in shipments
of bulbs from abroad.
(H) 1908, Jan., OSBURN, R. C., British Columbia Syrphidae, New
Species and Additions to the List, Can. Ent., xl, i, p. 10. A
number of specimens from several localities. Believes it es-
tablished.
(I) 1911, HEWITT, C. G., Report of the Dominion Entomologist, Can-
ada Expt. Farms Reports, 1911, pp. 207-235, pis. 3, figs. 3. A
serious pest in British Columbia ; some 50,000 Narcissus and
Daffodil bulbs having been destroyed near Victoria during the
year.
(J) 1911, NORMAN, P., Merodon equestris in southern British Colum-
bia, Proc. Brit. Columbia Ent. Soc. n. ser. 1911, No. I, pp.
22-26.
(K) 1914, CHILDS, L., The Large Narcissus-bulb Fly (Merodon eques-
tris), Mo. Bui. Com. Hort. Cal., 3 (1914) No. 2, pp. 73-76, figr
2. Taken frequently in Sutter Co. and San Rafael, Calif.
(L) 1916, June, JOHNSON, CHARLES W., Some New England Syrphi-
dae, Psyche, xxiii, 3, p. 79; Blue Hill, Mass., June 5, 1910,
Great Barrington, June 16, 1915.
(M) 1916, Sept., BANKS, NATHAN, et al., District of Columbia Diptera :
Syrphidae, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., xxix, p. 188 ; record a speci-
men labeled Aug. 4, 1907.
(N) 1916, DAVIDSON, W. M., Economic Syrphidae in California, Jour.
EC. Ent., Vol. 9, p. 457-
(O) 1916, Oct., METCALF, C. L., Syrphidae of Maine, Me. Agr. Exper.
Sta. Bull. 253, p. 217.
This species was taken in company with Eu'incrns (vide
supra) at Bar Harbor, Maine, July 25, 1916. The three speci-
mens taken in the few minutes available for collection represent
three of the many diverse color varieties. See in this connec-
tion also Johnson (L).
Norman (J) states that it is said to have been introduced
to British Columbia about 1905, and that six months are passed
in the larval stage, pupation occurring in the soil in February
and the adults emerging in late March, and ovipositing in May.
Childs (K) says the females oviposit throughout the greater
part of tin- summer. Stocks,* ho\ve\vr, states that ihe lile-
174 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 'uj
cycle is of two years' duration, the larvae being destructive
from July of one year to February of the second following
year, spending about 19 months in the bulb. Childs (K) lists
its host plants as follows : Narcissus, Amaryllis, Yallota, Ha-
branthus, Eurycles, Galtonia, and the bulbs of the wild hya-
cinth, Scilla nutoris.
The control measures for these flies are given as follows by
MacDougallt and Childs (K) : Examine all bulbs to be planted,
destroying all sickly, discolored and infested ones. The in-
festation can often be detected by pressing between thumb and
fingers ; if there is a distinct "giving," the bulb is probably in-
fested. Bulbs may be at least partly freed of infestation by
submerging for from two to eight days, then thoroughly dry-
ing. If an attack is noted in the field, the bulbs should be taken
up and burned and the top soil deeply buried in September
or early October. (Collinge: Manual of Injurious Insects.)
A new Amastus from Argentina (Lep.t Arctiidae).
By W. SCHAUS, U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C.
Amastus formosana sp. nov.
$ . Antennae brown. Head, collar and thorax dark steel grey ; a
small yellow spot on tegulae ; a fine yellow streak outwardly on patagia.
Palpi: first and second joints crimson fringed in front with dark steel
grey, the third joint entirely steel grey. Thorax below dull red mot-
tled with yellow brown ; legs dark grey partly streaked with crimson
at base. Abdomen above crimson, underneath dark grey, expanding
laterally towards anal segment, where it meets dorsally.
Fore wings fuscous brown, the costal margin lighter brown the same
shade as the antennae ; markings light ochreous brown ; antemedial
elongated spots: one in cell small, one below cell larger with a similar
spot above submedian and a narrow streak below submedian ; a large
spot at end of cell, its anterior edge curved and truncated close to
median vein, its outer edge almost straight ; postmedial spots large
only separated by veins from vein 7 to submedian, below which there
is only a minute streak; a series of small subterminal spots, partly
lunular, the spot between veins 5 and 6 larger and coalescing with the
postmedial spot.
Hind wings semihyaline yellowish white, tinged with roseate at anal
angle ; a narrow line on discocellular, hairs on inner margin, cilia and
tips of veins fuscous brown. Expanse: 61 mm.
Habitat — El Saltadillo, Argentina. Type in the United
States National Museum.
*Stocks, G., The Daffodil-fly, Merodon Equestris, in The Daffodil
Year Book, London, 1914, Roy. Hort. Soc., pp. 50-59, pis. 2.
tjour. Brd. Agr. (London) 16, (1909) No. 4, pp. 293-297, pis. 2, fig. i
and ibid., 20, (1913) No. 7, pp. 594-599, figs. 2.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., JUNE, 1919.
A League of Nations Means the Metric System.
A few years ago we published an editorial in the NEWS
endorsing efforts made in the House of Representatives to
enforce the use of the Centigrade thermometric scale in United
States Government publications. The strongest argument for
such action was that the Centigrade scale was already in well
nigh universal use.
The progressive World Trade Club of San Francisco is
urging the United States and Great Britain (the only large
nations not using the Meter-Liter-Gram system) to take ad-
vantage of the present opportunity in the world's history and
legalize the exclusive use of the metric system of weights and
measures. The same reason for this change exists as is the
case in the matter of thermometry.
As entomologists we have been giving the size of insects in
millimeters for many years, and when we go back to some old
description and have to translate "lines," or some other an-
tique unit, into modern equivalents, we feel a sinking of the
heart. Let us, in these days of a League of Nations, inter-
nationalize our standards of measurement as well as our polit-
ical relations. Let everyone urge his Congressmen to do their
utmost to accomplish this result.
Stop Thief!
What is the mental attitude of the thief toward himself?
Does the knowledge that he is a thief lower him in his own
estimation? It is with sorrow and regret that we admit that
there are thieves among entomologists. The individual who
will steal from a museum where collections are kept for the
benefit of all interested is of the mean kind of person who
has no real love for the pursuit and is usually of the collector
type who spends his life in sticking specimens over labels and
ticking them off in a list and reminds one of many postage
stamp collectors. It is almost impossible to give access to a
collection and stand over each person every minute to prevent
176 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 'l()
a mean skunk from pilfering, or to go through the clothes of
every person as he finishes studying a collection. Such a
course would be offensive to the many visitors to a museum
who come for legitimate study and comparison. Many insects
are quite small and readily concealed and some weasel may
quickly slip into a box the things he covets to fill out the blank
spaces in his own collection. We can only repeat with shame
that such degraded persons exist among those who are sup-
posed to truly love nature and science for their own sakes.
Theft is as far from the thoughts of the true naturalist as
murder. — HENRY SKINNER.
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.
Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, -pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects,
however, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be re-
corded.
The numbers in Heavy -Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered
in the following list, in which the papers are published.
All continued papeis, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their
first installments.
The records of papers containing new genera or species occurring north
of Mexico are all grouped at the end of each Order of which they treat.
For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record,
Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied En-
tomology, Series A. London. For records of papers on Medical Ento-
mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B.
4 — Canadian Entomologist, London, Canada. 5 — Psyche, Cam-
bridge, Mass. 7 — Annals of the Entomological Society of America,
Columbus, Ohio. 8 — The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, Lon-
don. 9 — The Entomologist, London. 10 — Proceedings of the En-
tomological Society of Washington, D. C. 11 — Annals and Maga-
zine of Natural History, London. 12 — Journal of Economic Ento-
mology, Concord, N. H. 17 — Lepidoptera, Boston, Mass. 19 — •
Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society. 20 — -Bulletin de
la Societe Entomologique de France, Paris. 25 — Bulletino della
Societa Entomologica Italiana, Firenze. 30 — Tijdschrift voor En-
tomologie, The Hague, Holland. 31 — Proceedings of the Ento-
mological Society of Nova Scotia, Truro. 50 — Proceedings of the
United States National Museum, Washington. 54 — Proceedings
of the Biological Society of Washington, D. C. 59— Journal of
Agricultural Research, Washington, D. C. 64 — Parasitology, Lon-
don. 6&— Science, Lancaster, Pa. 76 — Nature, London. 81 — The
Journal of Parasitology, Urbana, Illinois. 82 — The Ohio Journal
of Science, Columbus. 85— The Journal of Experimental Zoology,
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 177
Philadelphia. 94 — The American Journal of Science, New Haven,
Conn. 95 — Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Paris, Zoologie.
GENERAL. Baumberger, J. P. — Nutritional study of insects,
with special reference to microorganisms and their substrata. 85,
xxviii, 1-81. Bentley (G. M.) — Benefits to be derived from ob-
serving, collecting and studying insects. (Tenn. Sta. Bd. Ent.,
Bui. No. 20.) Crampton (G. C.) — Remarks on the origin and sig-
nificance of metamorphosis among insects. 19, xiv, 33-40. Fenton,
C. L. — Insect migration in Floyd and adjoining counties in Iowa.
(American Midi. Nat., vi, 13-15.) de Meijere, J. C. H. — Zur evolu-
tion der zeichnung bei den holometabolen insekten. 30, Ixi, 57-75.
Onslow, H. — Colour of the scales of iridescent insects in trans-
mitted light. 76, ciii, 84. Riley, W. A. — A use of galls by the Chip-
pewa Indians. 12, xii, 217-18. Van Dyke, E. C. — Distribution of
insects in western N. Am. 7, xii, 1-12.
MEDICAL. Parman, D. C. — Notes on Phlebotomus species at-
tacking man. 12, xii, 211-13. Sweet, E. A. — The transmission of
disease by flies. (U. S. Pub. Health Service, Suppl. 29, Pub. Heal.
Rep.)
ARACHNIDA AND MYRIAPODA. Nuttall, G. H. P.— The
biology of Pediculus humanus. 64, xi, 201-20.
Howard, C. W. — Preliminary report on the Trombidiidae of Min-
nesota. (Rep. Sta. Ent. Minn., xvii, 111-44.)
NEUROPTERA. de la Torre Bueno (J. R.)— Note on neurop-
teroids. 19, xiv, 48.
Chapin (E. A.)— New species of N. A. Siphonaptera. 19, xiv,
49-62.
ORTHOPTERA. Giglio-Tos, E.— Saggio di una nuova classi-
ficazione dei Mantidi. 25, xlix, 50-87. Morse (A. P.)— List of the
O. of New England. 5, xxvi, 21-39.
HEMIPTERA. Gibson, E. H.— Hemiptera collected by the Yale
Dominican expedition of 1913. 50, Iv, 275-7. Five n. sps. of Jassoi-
dea from Honduras (Homoptera). 54, xxxii, 25-28. Morrison, H.
— Report on a collection of Coccidae from Argentina, with descrip-
tions of apparently new sps. 10, xxi, <>3-91. Oestlund, O. W.—
Contribution to knowledge of the tribes and higher groups of the
family Aphididae. (Rep. Sta. Ent. Minnesota, xvii, 46-72.)
LEPIDOPTERA. Allen, E. C.— Key for determining the Cram-
binae of Nova Scotia. 31, No. 4, 86-8. Busck, A. — On some generic
synonymy in the family Gelechiidae. 10, xxi, ;i4-6. Ehrmann (G. A.)
— A new tropical American Papilio. 17, iii, 30-1. Herrick & Det-
wiler — Notes on the repugnatorial glands of certain Notodontid
178 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 'iQ
caterpillars 7, xii, 14-8. Knetzger (A.) — A quick relaxing method.
17, iii, 30. Mabille & Boullet — Essai de revision de la famille des
Hesperides. 95, ii, 199-258. Raymundo, B. — Noticia sobre alguns
lepidopteros serigcnos do Brasil. (Rio de Janeiro, 70 pp.) Rothke
(M.)— Notes on Brephos infans. 17, iii, 25-7. Rummel (C.) — Ob-
servations on Physiodes nycteis. Trapping for larvae of Apantesis.
19, xiv, 47; 62-3. Swinhoe, C. — On the geographical distribution of
the genus Cosmophila, a noctuid of the family Gonopteridae. 11,
iii, 309-14. Van Escke (R.) — Geschichtlich-anatomische untersu-
chung von den genitalorganen der L. 30, Ixi, 147-231. Worms-
bacher (H.) — Useful hints to collectors. 17, iii, 28-9.
DIPTERA. Aldrich, J. M. — The dipterous genus Imitomyia
(Himantostoma). 4, 1919, 64. Bezzi, M. — Rinvenimento di una
Chionea nei dintorni di Torino [with bibliography]. 25, xlix, 12-49.
Bishopp & Laake — The dispersion of flies by flight. 12, xii, 210-11.
Edwards, F. W. — Note on the egg-bursting of eucephalous fly-
larvae. 11, iii, 372-76. Enriques, P. — Ricerche sulla eredita delle
mosche (Rivista di Biologia, Roma, i, 72-81.) Frost, S. W. — Two
sps. of Pegomyia mining the leaves of dock. 59, xvi, 229-44. Kei-
lin (D.) — On the alimentary canal and its appendages in the larvae
of Scatopsidae and Bibionidae. . . . 8, 1919, 92-6. Supplementary
note on the formation of a cocoon by cyclorhaphous dipterous
larvae. 64, xi, 237-8. McAtee & Walton — District of Columbia D.:
Tabanidae. 10, xx, 188-206. Parker (R. R.) — Concerning the sub-
species of Sarcophaga dux. 19, xiv, 41-6. Parker & Wells — Obser-
vations on and experiments with Cuterebra tenebrosa. 81, v, 100-4.
Malloch (J. R.)— A new Phorid from Illinois. 19, xiv, 47-8.
COLEOPTERA. Gravely, F. H.— Contribution towards the re-
vision of the Passalidae of the world. (Mem. Indian Mus., vii, No.
1.) Mosher, E. — Notes on the immature stages of Deltometopus
rufipes. 7, xii, 49-55. Wickham, H. F. — Fossil beetles from Vero,
Florida. 94, xlvii, 355-7.
Fall, H. C. — The California!! species of Malthodes. 7, xii, 31-43.
Fisher, W. S. — Descriptions of a new genus and species of Bupres-
tidae from Arizona. 10, xxi, 91-3. Five new sps. of Ptinid beetles.
50, Iv, 295-9.
HYMENOPTERA. Bradley, J. C.— The status of Parabates
Foers., and Parabatus Thorns. (Ichneumonidae). 11, iii, 319-24.
Burrell & Smith — Key to the species of Wisconsin ants, with notes
on their habits. 82, xix, 279-92. Cockerell, T. D. A. — A new col-
letid bee from Ecuador. 10, xx, 206-7. Cushman & Rohwer—
Genus Ephialtes first proposed by Schrank. 10, xx, 186-8. Emery
(C.) — Sur le genre Tranopelta et sur le type du genre Cremasto-
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 179
Raster. 20, 1919, fiO-2. Eraser, H. J. — Few notes on ant history
and habits. 31, No A, 6-9. Perkins (R. C. L.) — Note on some
genera of Nyssonidae. 9, 1919, 7G-7. Robertson, C. — Erroneous
generic determination of bees. 68, xlix, 422-3. Rohwer & Pagan-
Additions and corrections to "The type species of the genera of the
Cynipoidea. . . ." 50, Iv, 237-40. Washburn, F. L. — Hymenoptera
of Minnesota. (Rep. Sta. Ent. Minn., xvii, 145-237.)
Cockerell, T. D. A.— Some fossil parasitic H. 94, xlvii, 376-80.
Gahan, A. B. — New reared parasitic H. with some notes on synon-
ymy. 50, Iv, 113-128. Kinsey (A. C.) — Fossil Cynipidae. 5, xxvi,
44-9. Wheeler (W. M.) — A new subspecies of Aphaenogaster trea-
tae. 5, xxvi. 50.
Doings of Societies.
Entomological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia.
Meeting of January 23, 1919. Five persons present, Director Philip
Laurent presiding.
Mr. Robert Lee Haines, Moorestown, New Jersey, was proposed
as a contributor and elected.
Orthoptera. — Mr. Rehn made a few remarks on the species of
the Acridid genus Chhcaltis, showing, with the aid of a sketch map,
the distribution of the three species, one of which is now being de-
scribed by Mr. Hebard and himself. An interesting feature of the
geographic size variation found in the genus was also discussed.
Lepidoptera. — Mr. Laurent exhibited a series of nine males of
Eurymns (Colias) philodice Gdt. collected at Mt. Airy, Philadelphia,
in which the specimens show considerable variation in the number and
size of the spots in the submarginal space of the under side of the
wings. No. i has seven large markings on each of the fore wings
and six on each hind wing, while No. 9 is without markings on the
fore wings and only three faint marks on each of the hind ones.—
GEO. M. GREENE, Recorder.
Feldm-n Collecting Social.
Meeting of March 19, 1919, at the residence of TI. W. Wenzel, 5614
Stewart Street, Philadelphia. Nine members were present, President
H. W. Wenzel in the chair.
Diptera. — Mr. Hornig said he had collected some mosquito eggs
in South Philadelphia and the first to hatch were .-/iv/i-.? .vy/rv.v/n'.?
Theob. on March 15th; the next larvae to appear were A. cnrrici Coq.
on March I7th. Also recorded the finding today of ff 'v«'"/»v/</ si-iilliii
Coq. in pitcher plants at Brown's Mills, New Jersey. The live !arvae
of sylvestris and sinithii were exhibited, as were the macerated frag-
l8o ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [June, 'iQ
ments of insects of several orders taken from one pitcher plant. Mr.
H. W. Wenzel said he had found along the line of the old Lancaster
Pike, Pennsylvania, on January 26th, an old chestnut log and after
tearing off the outer bark had found in the fibrous part beneath two
clusters of larvae about an inch in diameter, each containing forty or
fifty larvae. These were placed in a jar and soon pupated. In the
last two weeks many Diptera have emerged and he was surprised to
note they are of several species and are as follows: Tipula sp. ?,
Lonchaca polita Say, Pseudotephritis ran Say, and a new species,
Stoptera digna, being described by E. T. Cresson, Jr.
Lepidoptera. — Mr. Haimbach recorded two specimens, captured
flying, of the "Codling moth," Carpocapsa pomonclla Linn., on his
place at Lower Merion Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania,
February i6th.
Coleoptera. — Mr. Laurent showed a copy of "A preliminary list
of the insects of the Province of Quebec. Part III, Coleoptera," by
G. Chagnon, 1917, and stated that of the 1810 species listed somewhat
over 1300 are in the New Jersey list. — GEO. M. GREENE, Secretary.
OBITUARY
ELIZA KLAGES was born opposite the present courthouse,
Grant Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, January 14, 1835, and
died in Crafton, in the same city, March 13, 1919. She was
the third of seven children and the only daughter of Jacob
and Elizabeth Poth (nee Winter) who came from Germany in
their early life, were married in Baltimore, and settled in
Pittsburgh in 1828. On November 7, 1850, she married G. A.
Klages, from which union eight sons and two daughters were
born, of whom but half now survive. Of the sons attaining
manhood, Charles (the oldest) became devoted to floriculture,
and four others became interested in entomology. Frederick,
the oldest of these four, did very creditable field work in
Jamaica in 1884, and died in 1886 in his 28th year.
Although not listed among the entomologists, Eliza Klages
was a lover of nature from her childhood and for many years
manifested a lively interest in entomology, which she retained
until her last illness. She was particularly informed on the
Coleoptera and enjoyed the short collecting trips taken with
ihe writer, whose collection is much the richer because of her
interest and devotion. — Her son, EDWARD A. KLAGES.
MO I T D The entire catch of insects in all orders except
QfiLlJ Coleoptera (also some families of Coleoptera) on
a two months' collecting trip in New Mexico, California and Oregon.
Five weeks in a. section which has not been collected. If interested write at once.
W. J. CHAMBERLIN, 33 Murray Street, New York, N. Y.
FOR SALE
Entomological News, Vols. 1 to 28, complete, unbound.
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FOR RENT.
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1500 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
(4
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U
From Venezuela :
Over 5000 L/epidoptera
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Protoparce brontes, etc.
From New Guinea :
2000 Coleoptera
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From Assam, India :
1200 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
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And Many Other Showy Species
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JULY, 1919.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
Vol. XXX.
No. 7.
Thaddeos "William Harris
J795-J856.
PHILIP P. CAL^ERT, Ph.D., Editor.
E. T. CRESSON, JR., Associate Editor.
HENRY SKINNER, M.D., Sc.D., Editor Emeritus.
EZRA T. CRESSON,
PHILIP LAURENT,
ADVISORY COMMITTEE:
GEORGE M. GREENE,
J. A. G. REHN,
H. W. WENZEL.
PHILADELPHIA :
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ENT. NEWS, VOL. XXX.
Plate VIII.
NEW AND RECENTLY DESCRIBED LEPIDOPTERA.-MENGEL
I, 2, Perisania inconspicua ; 3, 4, P. sinerubra; 5, Catagraniina liontii.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
AND
JU
r*/y
°nal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VOL. XXX.
JULY, 1919.
No. 7.
CONTENTS:
Mengel — A new Perisama from South
America (Lepid., Kliop ) 181
McAtee — Preliminary Key to the
N e a r c t i c Species of Eupteryx
( Homoptera ; Euptervgidae) 182
VanDyke — New Species of Buprestidae
(Col.) from the Western United
States, with Supplementary notes
concerning others 186
Mitchell — Notes on Diacrisia virginica
(Lep.) iqi
Baker — A Melaphis from Moss (Horn.) 194
Schwarz — The early Stages of Catocala
minuta and a Description of a New
Variety of C. obscura (Lepid. ) .. 196
Mickel — A new Genus of Cerambycidae
from Wyoming (Col.) 198
Parker — North American Sarcopha-
gidae ; New Species of the Genus
Sarcofahrtia R. Parker (Dip ) 201
Editorial — International Relations of
Entomological Societies after the
War 204
Entomological Literature 206
Review — Lochhead's Class Book of
Economic Entomology 209
Obituary— William Francis de Vismes
Kane, Sydney Webb, Grand Duke
Nicolas Michailovitch, Raphael
Blanchard, Jules Kunkel 'dHercu-
lais. Herbert Huntington Smith, R.
Kobert 209
A new Perisama from South America (Lepid., Rhop.)»
By LEVI W. MENGEL, Reading, Pennsylvania.
(Plate VIII.)
Perisama sinerubra n. sp.
Kxpansc 43-45 mm. Upper side — primaries black with broad diag-
onal blue-green bar from middle of costal margin to the exterior angle.
There is a small dash of blue-green near the apex. A few bars of
the same color radiate from the base.
The inferiors are black with a bluish reflection toward the base.
There is a broad marginal band of the same blue-green color. Fringes
of wings white.
Under side — primaries largely black with a white spot in centre of
tli£ costa changing to blue and extending halfway across the wing,
toward the exterior angle. Rase of wing gray, changing to blue.
Apex of wing light gray, with a faint black band dividing the gray
color almost equally.
Under sides of inferiors without red costal and basal bar. Uniform
gray in color. A thin black bar extends from the costal margin
toward the inner angle. A black marginal band, comparatively regu
lar, extends parallel along the exterior margin.. Then.- is an irregular
row of 5 black spots in the wing between the bars.
181
l82 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ July, 'iQ
Smcrubra is nearest to P. cotvora Hew., from which it is
very different.
Described from 7 specimens from Cavinas, Bolivia. Type—
The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Paratypes
—Collection Mengel.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE VIII.
Figs. 1-2, Pcrisama inconspicua Mengel, Bolivia. (Ent. News, xxvii.
p. 423, 1916).
Figs. 3-4, Pcrisama sinerubra Mengel, Bolivia, n. sp.
Fig. 5, Catagramma horstii Mengel, U. S. Colombia. ( Ent. News,
xxvii, p. 423, 1916).
Preliminary Key to the Nearctic Species of Eupteryx
(Homoptera ; Eupterygidae).
By W. L. McAxEE, Biological Survey, Washington, D. C.
For bibliographic references and history of the genus Eup-
teryx Curtis, see article by the writer on Genera of the Eup-
terygidae, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washing-
ton, Vol. 31, pp. 109-124, Nov. 29, 1918.
Diagnostic characters in this family : Membrane without ap-
pendix ; hind wing without submarginal vein, and with three
apical cells.
After determining that forewing lacks appendix, the easiest
method of recognizing Eupteryx is to lift outer apical part of
forewing; if the hindwing then exposed has no submarginal
vein and the first two sectors are joined by a crossvein, the
insect is a Eupteryx.
Key to the Species.
A. Fourth apical cell of forewing distinctly 5-sided (in other words,
the second sector forms part of the outer horder of the cell) ; three
black spats on vertex, three pairs of irregularly oval, brownish,
ocellate spots on disc of forewings melissae Curtis.
AA. Fourth apical cell of forewing 4-sided (second sector does not
form part of its outer border, no more than tangent to it, and some-
times separated by a short stalk) ; coloration otherwise.
B. Forewings white; vertex, thorax and scutellum mostly black,
vandusei Gillette.
BB. Forewings not white ; general color above smoky to blackish
sometimes varied with yellow or sanguineous,
flavoscuta Gillette.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 183
Eupteryx melissae Curtis.
Eupteryx melissae Curtis, John. British Entomology being Illustra-
tions and Descriptions of the Genera of Insects found in Great Britain
and Ireland, Vol. 14, No. 640 [p. 2], April, 1837 [Niton].
A group of nominal European species which are very close-
ly related includes 'urticae Fabricius, melissae Curtis, stachy-
dearum Hardy and collina Flor. Characters adequate for dis-
tinguishing' these species have not as yet been pointed out. Of
the four names urticae is the oldest (Fabricius, 1803), and in
case all are synonymous, has priority. However, urticae by
one character — half of hind tibiae being" black — is contrasted
with the other three, and may be varietally if not specifically
distinct. The next oldest name — melissae Curtis — is, there-
fore, here adopted. Its synonymy appears to include :
Typhlocyba stachydeantm Hardy, James. Descriptions of some new
British Homopterous Insects. Transactions of the Tyneside Natural-
ists' Field Club, I, 1846-50 (1850), pp. 422-3 [Axwell Park].
Typhlocyba collina Flor, Gustav. Die Rhynchoten Livlands in sy-
stematischer Folge beschrieben. 2, 1861, pp. 433-5 [Kudling, Sege-
wold, Kremon].
Eupteryx- quinquemaculata, Baker, C. F. New Typhlocybini. In-
vertebrata Pacifica, Vol. i, p. 8, Sept. 15, 1903 [Stanford University,
California].
Head evenly and fully rounded both laterally and vertically. Length
of vertex: interocular width:: 6:10. General color of upper surface
of body and of the legs pale yellow; of forewings delicate green
fading toward apex ; eyes yellowish green. Head with 2 smaller spots
on front, 2 larger on transition from front to vertex, and one of about
same size on middle of hind margin, black. All of these spots vary
from round to V-shaped or quadrangular ; hence do not have the im-
portance in distinguishing species assigned to them by European auth-
ors. Pronotum with two black spots, just behind median spot on ver-
tex, and one lying just behind and to the side of each of these. Most
of disc of pronotiim covered by a greenish fuscous cloud, nearly
touching the black spots. A dimly visible brown line connects the
black spots, and, being a little more conspicuous at the ends, forms a
curved brown dash, to the outer side of each of the posterior pair of
dots. Scutellum with two pairs of black dots, the anterior larger and
more separated.
Forewings with irregular greenish fuscous markings, the color deep-
est at periphery (like blots the center of which has been sucked up),
as follows : One larger and a few smaller on inner anterior angle of
184 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
forewing, three larger (the median decidedly so) on main body of
clavus and a long narrow one along whole claval suture ; between
second and third sectors, three, of which the anterior is largest; and
one just outside latter on costa. The veins of the apical cells are mar-
gined with brown clouds and there are two black spots near exterior
border of wing at a point two-thirds of the distance from base.
Long triangular mark on cheeks below insertion of antennae, lower
surface of thorax and entire abdomen black, the segments of latter
margined posteriorly (sometimes very broadly) with yellow. Last
ventral segment yellow, genitalia chiefly yellow in male, mostly black
in female. Tarsi and apex of beak black. Length 3-3.25 mm.
Specimens examined : North East, Pennsylvania, Oct. 10,
1912, F. Johnson (U. S. N. M.). Hagerstown, Maryland
(U. S. N. M.).
Eupteryx vanduzei Gillette.
Eupteryx vanduzci Gillette, C. P. American Leaf-hoppers of the
sub-family Typhlocybinae. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 20, No. 1138, April
20, 1898, pp. 748-9, Figs. 98-100 [Hamburg, New York].
Scutellum and anterior parts black or blackish shading into pale
yellow on anterior margin of vertex and upper part of face ; lower
part of face smoky. Legs, except tarsal claws, and abdomen pale yel-
low. Both pairs of wings milky white; apical cells of forewings
fumose. Length of vertex: interocular width:: 7:13. Length of in-
sect 3.5 mm.
One specimen only, the female type, New York. Type No.
3439, U. S. Nat. Mus.
Prof. Gillette states that this and six other specimens (of
the same sex) used by him in original description were col-
lected by E. P. Van Duzee at Hamburg, New York, July 10.
Variations mentioned by Gillette are whitish markings on
posterior margin and angles of pronotum, and on apex of scu-
tellum, and dark coloration of tarsal apices and of basal seg-
ments of abdominal tergum.
Eupteryx flavoscuta Gillette.
^Eupteryx flavoscuta Gillette. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 20, No. 1138,
April 20, 1808, pp. 749-50 f Hamburg, New York].
Eupteryx nigra Osborn, Herbert. Jassidae of New York State.
20th Rep. State Entomologist, 1904, in 58th Ann. Rep. N. Y. State
Museum, 1904, Vol. 5, Appendix 7, 1906, pp. 543-4 [Jamaica, New
York; Columbus, Ohio].
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOI.OOIC.U, NEWS 185
The original account of this species states that the type local-
ity is Hamburg, New York, and that the type is in the U. S.
National Museum, No. 3440. There is no specimen in the
Museum from Hamburg, N. Y., and that bearing No. 3440 is
from Washington, D. C, June 23, 1890. If this is really part
of the original material, it is only a paratype ; the whereabouts
of the holotype is unknown to the writer.
Key to Color Varieties.
A. Thorax with a median and 2 marginal sanguineous vittae,
var. juvenis n. var.
AA. Thorax without sanguineous vittae.
B. Scutellum with broad median yellow vitta.
C. Costa broadly and clavus chiefly yellow. . .var. clavalis n. var.
CC. Costa less broadly yellow ; clavus with only a faint spot,
var. flai'oscuta Gillette.
BB. Scutellum without yellow vitta var. nigra Osborn.
Eupteryx flavoscuta var flavoscuta Gillette.
For convenience, description of the typical variety is given first and
with it are included the few details of color and proportion that, so
far, seem to have specific value.
Smoky brown to blackish above, except anterior margin of vertex,
an indistinct spot on clavus, and broad median vitta on scutellum pale
yellow. The costal margin of the forewing, except sometimes at
middle, is more or less broadly yellow, sometimes overlaid with pru-
inosity, apex of wing fumose hyaline, clear near margin, first, second
and third apical cells with clear spots, that in first the largest. Face,
legs and underparts pale yellow, abdominal segments and genitalia
more or less margined with brownish. Length of vertex : interorbital
width : : 1:2. Length of insect 3.3 mm.
Specimens examined : Greensburg, Pennsylvania, July 24,
1904, M. Wirtner; also same locality, no date (U. S. N. M.).
Eupteryx flavoscuta var. clavalis new variety.
"Unusually wide vittae on scutellum and costal margin and almost
whole clavus pale yellow.
Specimen from Uhler Collection, labeled only Sept. 23.
Type (U. S. N. M.).
Eupteryx flavoscuta var nigra Osborn.
Scutellum concolorous with general dorsal surface.
Specimens examined: Columbus, Ohio, Sept. 15. 1903.
[Paratype kindly loaned by H. Osborn and now in his colleo
l86 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July, '19
tion.J Penn. Sta., Pennsylvania, Sept. 4, 18, 1904, M. Wirtner.
[U. S. N. M.]. Patton, Pennsylvania, Sept. 25, 1902, M.
Wirtner. [U. S. N. M.]. Orono, Maine, Aug. 31, 1913 [H.
Osborn]. Bar Harbor, Maine, Aug. 31, 1913 [H. Osborn].
Washington, D. C, June 23, 1890 [U. S. N. M.]. Difficult
Run, Virginia, July 25, 1915, C. P. Alexander [W. L. M.].
Specimens from Uhler Collection, labeled only Sept. 23 [U. S.
N. M.].
Eupteryx flavoscuta var juvenis new variety.
General color decidedly lighter than in the other varieties, being
grayish smoky ; vertex with two sanguineous vittae closely bordering
median line ; thorax with narrow median vitta and sides behind eyes
also sanguineous.
The specimens examined, from Orono and Bar Harbor,
Maine, Aug. 31, 1913, kindly loaned by Prof. Herbert Osborn,
in whose collection they are, are more or less teneral, leaving
the question of fully matured appearance and perhaps of the
varietal status of the form in doubt. The type is a male from
Bar Harbor.
New Species of Buprestidae (Col.) from the Western
United States, with Supplementary
notes concerning others.
By EDWIN C. VAN DYKE, University of California, Berkeley,
California.
(Continued from page 156)
Acmaeodera squamosa n. sp.
Form short, cylindrical, hardly depressed, piceous bronzed, clothed
on both upper and under surfaces, except the apical ventral of females,
with minute white scales which, under high power magnification, ar'e
shown to be tuft-like, each elytron with two rows of small elongate
reddish yellow spots, the first row on the third interval and the second
on the ninth or humeral interval, the discal spots being placed, the
first at about the middle, the second midway between that and apex
and overlapping laterally on to the fourth and fifth intervals, and the
third about equidistant between this last and apex, the lateral spots
with the first just posterior to umbone, the second near the middle, and
the third and fourth following closely behind. Head coarsely, shal-
lowly and closely punctate, with squamules arising from each puncture,
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS l8/
front feebly impressed, no carina, clypeus deeply semicircularly emar-
ginate, antennae with fifth joint suddenly dilated; thorax unicolored,
nearly twice as wide as long, apex narrower than base and bisinuate
with median lobe projecting forward over head, the base truncate, the
sides rather strongly arcuate from base to apex, margin fine, not visible
from above, disc convex, coarsely and closely punctate and with squa-
mules as on head, the median longitudinal impression well-defined,
lateral foveae at base within posterior angles.
Elytra almost four times length of prothorax, umbqne well devel-
oped, sides sinuate before middle, margin serrate posteriorly, disc con-
vex, striae with deeply impressed large round and approximate punc-
tures, intervals somewhat convex, the alternate more prominent, with
double but irregularly placed rows of punctures, the squamules arising
from all punctures.
Body beneath of a brilliant purplish coppery color and densely squa-
mulose, coarsely closely punctate in front, much finer posteriorly, the
apical segments in the female also quite granulose and furnished with
rather long semi-erect silken hair which curves toward the front, the
anterior margin of prosternum slightly sinuate, the fifth ventral with-
out any trace of subapical carina. Length 7.5 mm., breadth 3 mm.
This species is most closely related to A. guttifcra Lee. and
is no doubt congeneric but is now most decidedly distinct. It
differs from guttifcra in being more robust, by having the pro-
thorax more grossly punctate, the elytral intervals not flat but
somewhat convex, especially the alternate ones, and with a
double series of punctures, by having the prosternum of a
slightly different type, and by having a dense squamose vesti-
ture instead of a sparse hairy one. This vestiture covers the
entire under surface in the male and all but the apices in the
female, these last segments in this sex having the long silky
hair as in guttifcra. This is the species listed by Fall5 as a
variety of guttifcra. I have a number of typical guttifcra in
my collection, also several A. vcrsuta Horn, now considered
to be the males of the preceding, and have seen numbers of
others. They all agree in the essentials of sculpture and vesti-
ture and stand well apart from their Arizona relative. Their
different areas of distribution also argue in favor of their be-
ing different -species. In the genus Acmacodcra the typical
Arizona species are most decidedly different from the species
5 Fall, H. C, Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., Vol. vii (1899), P- 21.
l88 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July, 'iQ
found in California outside of the more desert regions of the
Southeast. The specimen mentioned by Fall, from Texas,
having an intermediate type of vestiture, is either a variety of
the Arizona species, or a species distinct from either this or
gu'ttifera. It cannot be a connecting form, seeing that it is not
from intermediate territory but from a region at the extreme
end of the distribution of one of the species.
Type and paratype, both females, collected at Florence, Ari-
zona, by C. R. Biederman, in the collection of the American
Entomological Society at the Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia. Nine other specimens from the National Mu-
seum collection I have also critically examined. Two of these
were collected at Catalina Springs, Arizona, April 26 and May
5, by Hubbard and Schwarz, one on Jatropha multifida, the
other seven at Hot Springs, Arizona, in June, by Barber and
Schwarz. One of these was reared from "Palo verde." These
nine specimens all have the two anterior discal elytral spots
three intervals broad and have five instead of four lateral
spots, the additional spot being placed subapically. Four of
the Hot Springs specimens I have designated as paratypes, a
male and female which will remain in my own collection, and
a male and female which will be returned with the five others
to the U. S. National Museum. For the privilege of studying
the two Florence specimens I am indebted to Dr. Henry Skin-
ner and Mr. E. T. Cresson, Jr., and for the others to Dr. E. A.
Schwarz and Mr. H. S. Barber.
Acmaeodera quadrivittata Horn.
This species is not as constant in marking as Dr. George
Horn supposed. The specimens from Southern Arizona gen-
erally have but one yellow stripe, the lateral one disappearing
in certain cases or coalescing with the discal stripe in others.
In the latter case the stripes are of course broad and they also
often have one or two black spots. These specimens are also
generally larger and more robust than typical specimens.
Acmaeodera pubiventris Horn. (Plate VII, figs. 8, 9).
A series of specimens of this species which were collected at
Mojave, California, and which were kindly given to me by the
collector, Mr. C. L. Fox, have furnished me with the proof
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS lX<)
that A. lanata Horn and A. pubivcntris Horn are but phases
of one species. A. lanata Horn is but a vittate form of the
other, as Mr. Fall surmised. A. bicdermanii Skinner. I find,
after having carefully examined the type, is almost an absolute
synonym of A. lanata Horn. My series shows that the species
varies from the typical phase to the vittate phase, var. lanata
Horn, on one side and, on the other, to a phase having the
markings numerous, small and irregular. The vittate phase
may be found in the same territory with the others, but usually
is not. In this connection I wish to state that several of our
species which have unstable color patterns have the same type
of variability, possessing a vittate type of maculation as one
extreme and a nebulous as the other. Besides the species just
discussed, this condition is found in A. acuta Lee. and A.
gemina Horn and approached in A. hepburni Lee. and A. neg-
Iccta Fall.
Acmaeodera plagiaticauda Horn.
As more specimens of this very fine species have been col-
lected we find that it too is very variable. In certain specimens
like those from the more desert regions, such as Bishop, Cali-
fornia, the lateral fascia of the elytra may have its extreme yel-
low instead of being all red. In others the discal markings may
be entirely eliminated, leaving but three or four marginal spots.
In a couple of specimens from the Sierra Madre Mountains,
near San Gabriel, the anterior of the three lateral spots was
yellow, the other two the normal red. Those specimens which
have all of the spots red, narrow and lateral, like certain ones
recently secured by Dr. F. E. Blaisdell near Hullville, Lake
County, California, look superficially very much like the rare
A. postica Fall. This last can, however, be separated by hav-
ing a different type of prosternal margin, by being of a coppery
bronze color in contrast to the purplish bronze of the other, and
by having the punctures of the elytral striae and intervals of
about equal prominence with the striae themselves, poorly de-
veloped, whereas in the other the striae and strial punctures
are prominent and interval punctures weak. A. plagiaticauda
Horn has in most cases been beaten from the manzanita. Arc-
tostaphylos, and no doubt breeds in this.
IQO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
Acmaeodera cubaecola Duv. (Plate VII, fig. 6).
This species, as was pointed out by Kerremans in his mono-
graph, is the one that we have for some time been calling A.
pulcherriina Duv. Mr. Fall in his synopsis had unfortunately
accepted the rather hasty determination of Mr. Linell. Mr.
Mutchler, of the American Museum of Natural History, who
called my attention to the above correction, likewise showed
me a Cuban specimen of the true A. pulcherrima Duv. which
is a very much larger species and quite differently marked, as
can be seen by referring to the splendid illustration given in
Kerremans' Monograph. The original description of Duval
tallies exactly. A. pulcherrima Duv. has, so far as I now, never
been taken in this country, but the beautiful orange-spotted
A. cubaecola Duv. has not only been captured in Cuba but on a
number of the Florida keys, as Key Largo, Key West and
Metacombe Key. The species that we have erroneously listed
as A. cubaecola Duv. is A. marginenotata Chev.6 It is a Cuban
species, but it has also been taken on Key Largo and Meta-
combe Key, Florida. See Plate VII, fig. 7.
Acmaeodera cribricollis Horn.
I have a typical specimen of this rare species in my collec-
tion, taken in the Imperial Valley, California, and have seen,
besides, the type from Texas, one other from Southern Ari-
zona. It is thus proven to be a species which has quite an ex-
tensive range along our Mexican border.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE VII.
Figures of the right elytra of Acmaeodera (enlarged) :
No. i. Acmaeodera sinuata n. sp. typical.
No. 2. Acmaeodera sinuata n. sp. variety.
No. 3. Acmaeodera sinuata var. scx-notata n. subsp.
No. 4. Acmaeodera ivenseli n. sp.
No. 5. Acmaeodera ^vhcclcri n. sp.
No. 6. Acmaeodera cubaecola Duv.
No. 7. Acmaeodera maraincnotata Chev.
No. 8. Acmaeodera pubivcntris Horn.
No. 9. Acmaeodera pubivcntris var. lanata Horn.
6 "Coleopteres de i'lle de Cuba. — Famille de Buprestides, Throscides,
Eucnemides et Elaterides," par 'M. Aug. Chevrolat. Anns. Ent. Soc. Fr.,
Vol. vii (1867), p. 583-
Vol. xxx ]
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
IQI
Notes on Diacrisia virginica (Lep.).
By J. D. MITCHELL, U. S. Bureau of Entomology.
In July, 1917, larvae of Diacrisia virginica were observed
all over Victoria County, Texas, in limited numbers, feeding
on various species of weeds. At Placido they attacked three
fields of cotton and, on about one acre in each field, defoliated
the cotton, leaving the green bolls on the stalks. They spun
cocoons in August. Owing to the extreme drought and the
arrival of the cotton leaf worm, Alabama argillacca, Diacrisia
virginica was lost sight of, and its work during the fall was
unnoticed.
In May, 1918, severe infestations appeared in Victoria and
adjoining counties, and many complaints came in of cotton be-
ing damaged. The writer spent some time in observations in
Victoria and Calhoun Counties.
The larvae were found feeding on the following plants and
shrubs :
Cardiospermum halicacabum
Lupinus subcarnosus
Cassia occidcntalis
Cassia chamaccrista
Crotalaria sagittalis
Hclianthus multiflora
Helianthus argophyllus
Helianthus angustifolius
Tagetes sp.*
Convolvulus (two species)
Lippia nodiflora
Amaranthus retroflc.vus
Amaranthus albus
Amaranthus spinosus
Amaranthus hybridus
Croton capitatus
Croton texensis
Salvia species
Ii'a ciliata
Ambrosia trifida
Ambrosia elator
Ludivigia natans
Partlieniuin hystcrophorus
Euphorbia sp.
"Balfour vine"
"Blue bonnet"
"Punk weed"
"Partridge pea"
"Rattle weed"
"Common sunflower"
"Satin sunflower"
"Prairie sunflower"
"Marigold"
"Bird weed;" "Morning glory"
"Fog fruit"
"Careless weed"
"Careless weed"
"Careless weed"
"Careless weed"
"Large leaf sage"
"Narrow leaf sage"
"Wild sage;" "Bush sage"
"Marsh elder"
"Blood weed"
"Rag weed"
"Water purslane"
"Road weed"
Tall prairie "Milk weed"
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July, 'iQ
Asclepias sp. Small "Milk weed"
Solanum rostratum "Horse nettle"
Amphiachyris dracunculoidcs "Broom weed"
Monarda punctata "Horse mint"
Vcrbesina helianthoidcs "Crownbread"
Xanthium strumarium "Cockle bur"
Chcnopodium botrys "Jerusalem oak"
Chenopodium album "Lamb's quarter"
Phytolacca decandra "Poke root"
Eupatorium altcrnifolium "Ditch weed"
Xanthoxylum clava-hcr culls "Prickly ash"
Acacia farncsiana "Huisache"
They were found feeding on the following cultivated crops :
Gossypium hirsutum Cotton
Zca Mays (only the silk is eaten) Corn
Cucumis mclo Cantaloupe
Medicago satiz'a Alfalfa
Arachis hypogoea Peanut
They eat all garden truck.
The first infestation appeared on weeds in pastures and on
the roadsides. Where the weeds were plentiful they did no
damage to crops, but where weeds were scarce the caterpillars
invaded the fields, especially cotton fields.
When very young, three pounds of Paris green and five
pounds of lime, made into fifty gallons of spray, will kill the
caterpillars ; but where they are large, no poisons or repellants
seem to have any effect on them.
Some farmers claim to have kept caterpillars out of their
fields, until a fair yield was assured, by dusting ahead of them
with pure Paris green. When the caterpillars reached the poi-
soned plants they turned back. Other farmers claimed to have
saved a paying crop by going along the infested side and hand-
picking and killing the caterpillars. This was practicable up to
August and no doubt did some good. The caterpillars do not
feed fast and do not all travel in the same direction as most
army worms do.
Up to October all of the caterpillars were of the light yellow
variety, occasionally a mature specimen approaching a light
brown. After October 10 all caterpillars were black.
* This is possibly Bocbera papposa (Tagctcs).
Yol xxx] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS IQ3
From May until October 15 there were five fairly well mark-
ed generations, although from August on to the end of the
season all sizes from very young to mature caterpillars could
he found.
About November i I first observed dead caterpillars on weed
stems. The living caterpillars would clasp the weed, usually
as high as they could climb, and die, then swell up and exude
a substance which clung to the hairs, giving the dead caterpil-
lars a gray appearance. They would dry and remain clinging
to the weed stems until knocked off. On November 5 I count-
ed 701 caterpillars in three different directions from the town
of Victoria, 662 dead and 39 still alive.
Between October 26 and November 10 I put 100 mature
caterpillars in cages in groups, to carry them through the win-
ter. I have three cocoons from the lot. The balance died of
this disease, which has been determined by Doctor Speare as
Entomophthora anticae Reich.
The caterpillars spin cocoons under trash, dead leaves or
clods of earth, frequently in a bunch of twenty to thirty at-
tached to each other.
When the moths emerge they climb up the weed stems to
stretch and dry their wings. They usually emerge in the night
and I have observed them mating in cages the next day and
laying their eggs during the second night and third day. The
moths are averse to flying in the daytime and when disturbed
stretch their wings straight up, curve the abdomen downward
and remain rigid ; occasionally one, when thrown high in the
air, will use its wings in coming back to the earth, but usually
they fall to the earth without an effort to fly. I believe the
males fly at night when seeking a mate. I have never observed
a moth feeding in the field and T have never had one to feed in
captivity, although I have tried them with flowers, fruits and
sweets. The usual length of life of captive moths is about
five days.
Reports from Jackson and Calhoun Counties indicate that all
of the last generation caterpillars are black, and practically all
of the caterpillars are dying clinging to the weed stems.
IQ4 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [JU^V» 'IC)
The damage to cotton by Diacrisia virginica in Victoria and
Calhoun Counties in 1918 is claimed by farmers to be from
twenty-five per cent, to total destruction. I visited the land of
Mr. Jay Hubbard in Calhoun County, and found the destruc-
tion of cotton on sixty-five acres to be complete. The fields of
Mr. Hubbard as well as the lands adjoining were free of weeds.
The only parasite bred from this species is Eremotylus
arctiac Ashmead, which has been determined by R. A. Cush-
man.
A Melaphis from Moss (Horn.)
By A. C. BAKER, U. S. Bureau of Entomology, Washington,
D. C.
Only one American species has been recorded in the genus
Melaphis. This is the type species, Melaphis rhois (Fitch), a
form which produces galls on the sumach. Certain closely
related species, occurring in other countries and like rhois
forming galls on sumach have been referred to the genus
Schlectendalia. This genus the writer (ENT. NEWS, Vol. xxviii,
p. 385) has placed as a synonym of Melaphis. All of the spe-
cies referable to Melaphis, therefore, form galls upon some
species of sumach. It is noteworthy that these are fall galls,
not spring ones like most of the common galls produced on
poplar, etc.. by species of Pemphigus and other aphids. The
spring generations of our Melaphis rhois have not been dis-
covered.
On April 29, 1916, Mr. E. B. Blakeslee sent the writer sam-
ples of moss which he found infested with an aphid at Spring-
field, West Virginia. At the time these samples were received
only young apterous forms were present. It is quite probable
that these were produced by stem mothers originally present,
but no such forms were found. The moss was placed in breed-
ing cages and the young insects reared to maturity. All of
these proved to be winged forms which were unable to live
upon the moss. Slide mounts of several of these were pre-
pared, but before a careful study could be made of them all of
the other alate insects were dead.
As soon as a careful study was made of the specimens it
Vol. xxx ]
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
I9S
was found that they seemed to fall in the genus Mela[>his.
This had not been suspected or transfers to sumach would
have been made to see if by any possible chance these might
be the long missing spring migrants of rlwis. It is true that
they differ quite distinctly from rhois, but a connection with
that species would be a remote possibility and worthy of a trial.
Since the specimens mentioned no other examples have been
found and as the species may not be again met with for several
years it seems advisable to publish a description of the insect
and thus call the attention of other workers to it in the hope
that someone may have the opportunity to study its life history.
Melaphis minutus n. sp.
Alate viviparous female. — Color yellowish green. Head and thorax
darker. Eyes dark brown. Legs, antennae and borders of wing veins
dusky.
Length from vertex to tip of cauda about 0.96 mm., measurements
of the antennal segments and their sensoria given in the accompanying
Details of Melaphis minutus.
A, Antennal segments III, IV, and V ; B, Forewing ; C, A caudal pore plate
from head ; D, Thorax with two pore plates.
table. Sensoria somewhat oval and transverse with a distinctly visible
rim and surrounded with a row of dark black points. It is impossible
to ascertain the exact nature of these but under the highest power
available they appear as minute, thick spines. Segments III, IV and V
irregularly imbricated (Fig. i-a). Head with three pairs of wax-pore
plates visible from above, one of these on the vertex, one on the top of
196 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July, '19
the head, slightly in front of the eyes and the other near the caudal
margin of the head. The number of facets in these (Fig. i-ct varies, the
caudal pair having about five each, whereas the more frontal ones have
only two. Thorax with two large pore plates near the inner margins of
the lobes (Fig. i-d). These are composed of a rather larger number
of facets, there being usually about ten. Forewing (Fig. i-b) with the
veins rather heavy, the media atrophied for some distance at the base.
Cubitus and anal arising close together, sometimes united at their bases.
Hind wing with the two oblique veins some distance apart at their bases.
Hind tibiae about 0.352 mm. long, middle tibiae 0.272 mm. Beak reach-
ing to the hind coxae. Cornicles absent. Abdomen with rather small
marginal wax plates. Cauda and anal plate rounded.
DETAILS OF ANTENNAE OF MELAPHIS MINUTUS.
Ant. Ill
Sen.
Ant. IV
Sen.
Ant. V
Sen.
0.08 mm.
8
0.048 mm.
3
0.08 mm.
4
0.096 mm.
7
0.048 mm.
5
0.08 mm.
4
0.096 mm.
7
0.048 mm.
3
0.08 mm.
4
0.096 mm.
7
0.048 mm.
3
0.064 mm.
4
0.08 mm.
7
0.048 mm.
5
0.064 mm.
4
Described from a number of cotypes on balsam mounts bear-
ing Bureau of Entomology, Q., No. 13052, and reared from
moss on May 5, 1916. These slides have been deposited in the
United States National Museum Collection.
The Early Stages of Catocala minuta and a Descrip-
tion of a New Variety of C. obscura (Lepid.).
By ERNST SCHWARZ, St. Louis, Missouri.
Ova. Elongated oval, transparent, smooth, glossy, light ochre. Area
about micropyle rather large, marked by a ring of many small protu-
berances ; micropyle diminutive.
Larva, Stage I. Head of larva light ochre, body whitish green,
tubercle places marked with black dots. The anterior two pairs of
prolegs are rudimentary, the posterior two are well developed and are
lined posteriorly with black.
Stage II. Head bifurcated, not deeply cleft; color whitish green,
and the lines on side of lobes are irregular. Body color greenish
white with the longitudinal lines a darker shade of green. The tuber-
cles are marked by black dots. The true and prolegs concolorous ;
no lateral setae. The ventral portion of the body is white, slightly
tinged with green, usual dark blotches present.
Stage III. Head small, bifurcated, rather round, cleft not promi-
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS IQ7
nent. The inverted "V" space is lined and centered with an upright
black dash. Beyond this space is a perfect "Y" mark of the same
color; between this mark and the crest band is a very conspicuous
upright line. There are no tubercles below the crest. Body: Color
light-ashen, sprinkled with black; tapering in both directions from
the eighth segment. There is a mid-dorsal whitish line most conpicu-
ous posteriorly from the elevation on the eighth segment ; this elevation
has a white center with a black ring at base. All tubercles are black,
set in a ring of the ground color of the body ; the true legs are con-
colorous, the prolegs are pinkish with a black oval band, centered with
violet. Fringes short, reddish white. The ventral surface is whitish
green with the usual blotches black.
*Stage IV. Head with stripes, which are more confluent on top and
at the sides than in front. Body gray, with numerous blackish irrora-
tions. Longitudinal lines very narrow and much broken, sometimes
hardly traceable, with the intervening space somewhat paler. Eighth
segment with the summit of the elevation whitish. Posterior half of
seventh and anterior half of eighth segments at the sides pale gray.
Fringes at sides fleshy white. Warts black. Underside white, with
a black patch on each segment, between the abdominal legs. Thoracic
feet translucent white, with black marks on the outside. Abdominal
legs with an inverted, black loop on the outside of each. Length 25 mm.
Stage V. Mature larva. — Head semitranslucent, lilac gray, with
whitish dots ; sides and top of head black. Body sordid gray, densely
covered with minute black dots, giving it a gray appearance. Warts
small, with the summit orange. Eighth segment with a rather prom-
inent elevation, black, summit pale. Dorsal warts on the last three
segments larger than on the others. Fringes at sides pink. Posterior
parts of the segments between the longitudinal lines darker than the
anterior half. Underside white, with a large black patch on each seg-
ment. Thoracic feet bluish white, each with two black dots outside.
Length 40 mm. Food plant — Honey locust. (Gleditsia triacanthns.)
The descriptions of stages IV and V, as recorded by Beuten-
mueller for alcoholic specimens, are in every way as I have
noted for living material.
Biological Notes. The eggs of C. minuta are deposited sin-
gly or in clusters, in crevices of bark on large trees, as well as
openly on small shrubs of the honey locust. The eggs of this
species are not covered with a fibrous substance as are those
of C. titania and C. illccta. The eggs of the latter species are
covered with a glossy silken mass. The habits of the larva of
* Stages IV and V are taken verbatim from an article by Wm. Beu-
tenmueller in Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. 16: 381-82, 1902.
IQ8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS f July, '19
this species are very similar to those of C. titania. Bush-beat-
ing by day or night is productive for all stages, as they rest
near their feeding places. The black tubercles, the thorn-like
elevation on the dorsal surface and the whitish mid-dorsal line
are all factors in beautifully blending the larva with the color
of its surroundings.
Catocala obscura var. obvia n. var.
Primaries : Ground color glaucous finely sprinkled with various
shades of brown ; all lines are prominently dark brown ; t. a. line is
single-lined anteriorly with light gray. Basal dash is not quite as
dark as the t. a. and t. p. lines. This dash runs from the base to the
middle of the t. a. line, and from there to the lower part of the sub-
reniform, which is made up of two separate parts, the lower being a
part of the t. p. line, while the upper part is oval in shape and smaller
in size. Both parts are concolorous with the lining of the t. p. line.
The t. p. line is prominent throughout its length, and is lined posteri-
orly with light gray ; the subterminal space is clear light brown ; the
terminal line is light gray fused with brownish gray, the color of the
terminal space: All veins in the space marked with deep brown. The
round reniform is concolorous with the subterminal space, ringed and
centered with gray.
The lower surface and secondaries above are same as in type. Wing
expanse 70 mm.
Habitat. — St. Louis County, Missouri. Type, i $ ; para-
types, i <3 , i 9 ; collection of author.
These variants are larger in size than C. obscura, and I had
at first taken them to be the variety simulatilis A. R. Grote, but
since in the check list of Barnes and McDunnough simulatilis
is a synonym of obscura, I have'felt obliged to give this variety
the above name.
A new Genus of Cerambycidae from Wyoming (Col.).
By CLARENCE E. MICKEL, University of Nebraska, Lincoln,
Nebraska.
MEGACHEUMA n. pen.
Body subparallel, elongate. Last joint of palpi subtriangu-
lar, truncate at the tip. Labrum free. Base of antennae partly
enveloped by the eyes. Eyes finely granulated. Antennae sub-
serrate, joints three to six produced above at the apex into
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS IQ9
short, sharp spines. Prosternum narrow between the coxae,
declivous posteriorly. Anterior two-thirds of inesosternum
oblique, posterior third flat. Scutellum very broad, rounded
behind. Epimera of metathorax produced over the angles of
the first ventral segment. Intercoxal process of first ventral
segment rounded. Anterior coxae globular, prominent. An-
terior tibiae not grooved. Tibial spurs large. Hind tarsi com-
pressed. Apices of elytra rounded.
Genotype, Megachcnma melon osticum n. sp.
Differs from Cyllene and Trichoxys by having the proster-
num narrow between the coxae, declivous posteriorly rather
than vertical, in the subserrate antennae, and the rounded
apices of the elytra. Differs from Calloides in the subserrate
antennae and the prosternum narrow between the coxae rather
than wide. Differs from Arhopalus in the subserrate antennae
and the oblique mesosternum. Differs from Glycobius in the
form of the antennae which is less serrate and less compressed
than in that genus ; also the prosternum is narrow between the
coxae rather than broad as it is in Glycobius, and the elytral
apices are rounded rather than truncate.
Megacheuma melanosticum n. sp. (Text figs. 1-3).
9 . Length 16 mm. Body subparallel, elongate, thickly clothed with
depressed, lemon-yellow pubescence. Head inserted in the thorax;
covered with depressed, lemon-yellow pubescence and very sparse,
erect hairs; frons flat, impunctate ; a median line running from frons
to occiput ; vertex with very sparse, moderate, shallow punctures ;
occipital region bare of pubescence, shiny, moderately and irregularly
punctate (some of the punctures confluent, others widely separated).
Antennae reddish testaceous, subserrate, joints three to six produced
above at the apex into short, sharp spines; first four joints of antennae
covered with depressed, cinereous pubescence; remaining joints opaque
and puberulent ; second joint of antennae about two-fifths the length
of the third, which is equal in length to the fourth ; apical joint of
antennae one and three-fifths times the length of the penultimate
joint, suddenly constricted a little beyond the middle and tipped with
very fine, golden pubescence.
Prothorax a little wider than long, sides rather strongly arcuate,
very narrowly constricted at the base ; covered with cinereous pubes-
cence, except the lemon-yellow pubescence on the sternum and sides,
joo
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
[July, '19
and a brown, trilobate cloud on the disk. Scutellum very broad,
rounded behind. Elytra subparallel, clothed with lemon-yellow pubes-
cence, fasciate with black as shown in figure ; apices rounded. An-
terior two-thirds of mesosternum oblique, posterior third flat.
Legs reddish testaceous, except the femora which are pic^ous ;
clothed Avith short, depressed, cinereous pubescence and longer, semi-
Fig. 3. X15
Megacheuma tnelanosticum. Fig. i, dorsal view ; fig. 2, antenna ; fig. 3, prosternum.
erect, golden-brown pubescence ; the latter very sparse on the femora,
booming denser on the tibiae and tarsi ; tarsi with a few, interspersed,
hlack hairs; hind tarsi compressed, the first joint equal in length to the
combined lengths of the remaining joints.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NK\VS 2OI
$. Length 13 mm. Differs from the $ as follows: The finer, re-
cumbent pubescence of prothorax and legs entirely lemon-yellow ex-
cept the brown, transverse, median fascia on the disk of pronotum ;
black fasciae on the elytra a little less extended; first joint of hind
tarsi slightly longer than the combined length of the remaining joints.
Type, female; Big Horn Basin, Wyoming, August 13, 1910
(H. S. Smith).
Allot\pc, male; Big Horn Basin, Wyoming, August 13, 1910
(L. Bruner).
The type and allotype are deposited in the entomological col-
lection of the University of Nebraska.
North American Sarcophagidae ; New Species of the
Genus Sarcofahrtia R. Parker (Dip.).1
By R. R. PARKER, Bozeman, Montana.
Sarcofahrtia montanensis n. sp. (Text figs. 1, 3).
Holot\'f>c (male) ; collection of R. R. Parker.
Length 10 mm. This species differs from the genotype in the fol-
lowing essential characters : Breadth of front at narrowest part about
two-fifths that of eye; cheek height approximately three-sevenths that
of eye ; arista very short plumose : costal spine vestigial ; calypters
without dark hair on margin ; hind femur greatly enlarged, arched
and with a deep ventral emargination in profile, a row of bristles
dorsally on its distal two-thirds, anteriorly, ventrally, and distally with
a single bristle ; hind tibia with anterior and posterior beards of
medium long hair ; middle tibia slightly bearded, submesotibial bristle
present; fourth abdominal segment dark pollinose throughout; geni-
talia specific (Fig. i); forceps prongs approximated.
Described from one male specimen taken at an altitude of
6,000 feet on Beaver Creek, Madison County, Montana, in
August, 1913.
Sarcofahrtia madisoni n. sp. (Text figs. 2, 4).
Holotypc (male) ; collection of R. R. Parker.
Length 9 mm. This species differs little from .S\ montanensis ex-
cept that the tibiae lack beards, the hind femur is slightly different
in shape (Figs. 3, 4), and the genitalia are specific.
Described from one male specimen taken at an altitude of
, J Contribution from the Entomology Laboratory of the Montana
State College, Bozeman, Mont.
202
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
[July, '19
EXPLANATION OF FIGURES.
Fig. i. — Genital segments and accessory structures of Sarcofahrtia montanensis n. sp.
Fig. 2. — Genital segments and accessory structures of 51 madisoni n. sp.
Fig. 3. — Profile view of hind femur of 51. montanensis n. sp.
Fig. 4. — Profile view of hind femur of .S. madisoni n. sp.
Fig. 5. — Genital segments and accessory structures of -S1. atlantica n. sp.
Fig. 6.— Arista of 5. atlantica n. sp. v
Abbreviations : a. p. , accessory plate ; a. c. , anterior clasper ; />. c. . posterior clasper ;
f,. forceps ; g. s. 2, second genital segment ; fe, femur ; /. , tibia ; /., copulatory organ.
Vol. XXXJ ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 2O3
6,000 feet on Beaver Creek, Madison County, Montana, in
August, 1913.
The hind femora of 6". montanensis and 5". madisoni resem-
ble those of Metoposarcophaga incurva (Aldrich), but lack the
ventral protuberance and brush.
Sarcofahrtia atlantica n. sp. (Text figs. 5, 6).
Holotype (male) ; collection of R. R. Parker.
Length 6.5 mm. The essential characters for distinguishing this
species are as follows : Gena with irregular row of cilia ; second anten-
nal segment light colored ; arista pubescent, distal segment slightly
bulbous at base; bend of fourth vein an obtuse angle, thence almost
a straight line to the margin ; section VI of costa very short ; scutel-
lum with more than four pairs of bristles ; submesotibial bristle absent ;
the accessory plate is large and seems to be fused with the second
genital segment (Fig. 5).
Described from one male specimen collected at Hamden,
Connecticut, May 22, 1911, by B. H. Walden.
This species is markedly different from others of the genus.
Table of Species.
1. Hind femur much larger than normal, in profile with ventral
emargination 2
Hind femur of normal size and shape 3
2. Hind femur as in figure 3; genital parts as in figure i,
S. montanensis n. sp.
Hind femur as in figure 4; genital parts as in figure 2,
S. madisoni n. sp.
3. Arista short plumose, its shape normal S. ravinia R. Parker
Arista pubescent, its distal segment slightly bulbous at base,
S. atlantica n. sp.
The species herein described as new agree with the generic
characters as originally listed (Psyche, vol. 23, p. 31, 1916),
except that the tibiae are bearded in 5". montanensis and the
genae bear cilia in .S". atlantica. The accessory plates are of in-
terest due to their position and shape in montanensis, madisoni
and ravinia, and because of their size and apparent fusion with
the second genital segment in atlantica. The posterior claspers
in all the species are smaller than the anterior pair and are
approximated on the median dorso-ventral plane. All the
species have a row of strong bristles on the "hump" of the first
genital segment, but the posterior marginal bristles are weak
or lacking.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., JULY, 1919.
International Relations of Entomological Societies after the War.
At the meeting of the Entomological Society of France, held
December 24, 1918, the Council of the Society made a report
on international relations after the war. After reciting the
action taken by the Society from time to time as to its mem-
bership from countries with which France was at war, in-
cluding the expulsion of all those of its members who belonged
to enemy nations, as voted on March 28, 1917, the report says
[translation] :
Now that the war is finished, the accounts ought to be regulated and
definitively closed. Your Council .... has been specially incited
by the decision recently taken by the interallied conference of scientific
academies held at London October 9-11 last. An extract from the
resolutions of this conference .... have recently been sent to the
Entomological Society by the Academy of Sciences. [Then follow
quotations from the proceedings of the conference, after which the
Council of the society recommended the adoption of this statement:]
The Entomological Society of France declares that, for a period
subsequently to be indicated :
1. No individual appertaining to the nations which have made war
on the allied nations can be admitted as a member of the Society.
We designedly employ the expression "which have made war," and
not "which have been at war," in order to specify that we do not
intend to touch by this interdict members of nationalities oppressed
for a long time by the German and Austro-Hungarian empires and
who found themselves, against their will, in a state of war with us —
Danes, Czechs, Poles, Croats, etc., or with greater reason, is it neces-
sary to say, our brothers of all time, Alsatians and Lorrainers.
2. Under penalty of expulsion, no member of the Entomological
Society of France can take part in scientific societies of nations which
have made war on the allied nations.
Those members of the Society who belong to enemy societies should,
as soon as circumstances will permit them, send in their resignations
as members of those societies in such way as they prefer, either indi-
vidually or collectively.
3. Under penalty of expulsion, no member of the Entomological
204
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 2O5
Society of France can publish anything in the journals or reviews of
the enemy countries.
4. The Entomological Society of France does not subscribe directly
for any publication of the enemy countries ; it will procure those which
appear to be necessary through intermediaries.
5. The Entomological Society of France does not furnish its pub-
lications directly to any national of the enemy countries ; such must, if
they desire them, procure them through intermediaries.
Moreover, the Entomological Society of France expresses the wish
that, among the reparations which will be demanded from the enemy,
the allied and associated governments will include those for injuries
caused to allied entomologists by destruction or pillage of their col-
lections and libraries.
The conclusions of this report were put to vote and adopted
unanimously. (Bulletin Soc. Ent. France, 1918, No. 20, 1919.)
At the meeting of the same Society, held February 26, 1919,
the President, M. E. Moreau, read a letter written in the name
of the Entomological Society of Belgium by the latter's Secre-
tary, H. Schouteden, dated Brussels, February 18, 1919, stat-
ing, inter alia, that the Belgian Society had unanimously rati-
fied the expulsion of all its German and Austro-Hungarian
members without exception, and decided to entertain no rela-
tions whatsoever with the entomologists of the central empires
and not to make any exchange of publications with them.
(Bull. Soc. Ent. France, 1919, No. 4.)
The severance of relations between scientific bodies, as above
declared, is one of the least of the evils due to the recent war.
We can appreciate the feelings of those who decline to have
any direct communications with the enemy and it is not to be
expected that intercourse will be restored for many years to
come. When we turn from these lesser evils to the greater
and consider the enormous losses in life, in happiness, in op-
portunities for productive labor, in property, which to some
degree have been experienced by every one of the inhabitants
of the civilized world, no punishment can be deemed too severe
for the imperialistic group which, positively or negatively,
plunged mankind into the horrible struggle. No false notions
of forgiveness, charity, or mercy should be allowed to stand
between that group and the death penalty.
2O6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Juty* '19
Entomologica.1 Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.
Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including- Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects,
however, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be re-
corded.
The numbers in Heavy- Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered
in the following1 list, in which the papers are published.
All continued papeis, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their
first installments.
The records of papers containing new genera or species occurring north
of Mexico are all grouped at the end of each Order of which they treat.
For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record,
Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied En-
tomology, Series A. London. For records of papers on Medical Ento-
mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B.
2 — Transactions of the American Entomological Society, Phila-
delphia. 4 — Canadian Entomologist, London, Canada. 6 — Journal
of the New York Entomological Society. 8 — The Entomologist's
Monthly Magazine, London. 10 — Proceedings of the Entomologi-
cal Society of Washington, D. C. 17 — Lepidoptera, Boston, Mass.
20 — Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, Paris. 22 —
Bulletin of Entomological Research, London. 32 — -Insecta. Revue
Illustree d'Entomologie, Rennes. 33 — Annales de la Societe Ento-
mologique de Belgique, Brussels. 50 — Proceedings of the United
States National Museum, Washington. 54 — Proceedings of the
Biological Society of Washington, D. C. 59 — Journal of Agricul-
tural Research, Washington, D. C. 77 — Comptes Rendus des
Seances de la Societe de Biologic, Paris. 80 — Revue Suisse de
Zoologie, Geneve. 82 — The Ohio Journal of Science, Columbus.
85 — The Journal of Experimental Zoology, Philadelphia. 88 —
Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michi-
gan, Ann Arbor. 91 — The Scientific Monthly, Lancaster, Pa. 92 —
Archives de Zoologie Experimental et Generale, Paris. 96 —
Physis. Revista de la Sociedad Argentina de Ciencias Naturales,
Buenos Aires. 97 — Anales del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural
de Buenos Aires.
GENERAL. Hopkins, A. D. — The bioclimatic law as applied to
entomological research and farm practice. 91, viii, 496-513. Jack-
son, F. S. — A method for the preservation of insect larvae and
pupae. 4, li, 117-18. Lochhead, W. — Class book of economic ento-
mology (P. Blakiston's Son & Co., Phila., Pa., 436 pp.). Snyder &
Shannon — Notes on the insect fauna of bank swallow's nest in Vir-
ginia. 10, xxi, 110-12. Weiss & Dickerson — Insects of the swamp
rose-mallow, in New Jersey. 6, xxvii, 39-68. Winn, A. F. — Kirby's
insecta: Vol. IV. Fauna Boreali Americana. Restriction of an in-
definite locality. 4, li, 104.
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 2O/
PHYSIOLOGY, GENETICS, ETC. Bridges, C. B.— The ge-
netics of purple eye color in Drosophila. 85, xxviii, 265-304.
ARACHNIDA AND MYRIAPODA. Brolemann & Lichten-
stein — Les vulves des diplopodes, memoire preliminaire. 92, Iviii,
173-218. Page, L. — Etudes sur les araignees cavernicoles. III. Le
genre Troglohyphantes. 92, Iviii, 55-148. Walter, C. — Hydraca-
rinen aus den peruanischen Anden und aus Brasilien. 80, xxvii,
19-59.
Barrows, W. M. — New spiders from Ohio. 82, xix, 355-60.
Chamberlin, R. V. — A new Parajulus from Br. Columbia. 4, li,
119-20. Emerton, J. H. — New spiders from Canada and the ad-
joining states. No. 2. 4, li, 105-8.
NEUROPTERA. Howe, R. H.— Addition to the Odonata of
Franconia region, N. H. 4, li, 93. Macnamara, C. — Remarks on
Collembola. 4, li, 73-80. Snyder, T. E. — Some significant struc-
tural modifications in nearctic termites. 10, xxi, 97-104. William-
son, E. B. — Notes on species of the genus Heteragrion, with de-
scriptions of new sps. [neotropical]. 88, No. 68, 65 pp.
ORTHOPTERA. Hebard, M.— Studies in the Dermaptera and
Orthoptera of Colombia. I. Dermaptera and orthopterous families
Blattidae, Mantidae and Phasmidae. 2, xiv, 89-179. Vinal, S. C.—
The respiratory system of the Carolina locust (Dissosteira Caro-
lina). 6, xxvii, 19-32.
Rehn & Hebard — A new sp. of grasshopper of the genus Chloe-
altis from the Pacific slope. 2, xlv, 81-87.
HEMIPTERA. Blanchard, E. E.— Una nueva especie de "Aleu-
rothrixus" (Homoptera, Aleyrodidae). 96, iv, 344-47. Bruch, C.—
La forma macroptera de "Neoblissus parasitaster." 96, iv, 353-4.
Gibson, E. H. — Notes on the N. Am. species of Corizus (Coreidae).
4, li, 89-92. Pennington, M. S. — Notas sobre la larva y la pseudo-
imagen de la "Nezara abnormis." Un hemiptero nuevo para la
Argentina. 96, iv, 332-34; 335-6. Tothill, J. D. — Some notes on the
natural control of the oyster-shell scale. 22, ix, 183-96.
Baker, A. C. — An undescribed sps. of Dryopea injurious to
Phyllostachys. (Aphididae.) 10, xxi, 104-6. Davis, W. T. — Cicadas
of the genus Cacama, with descriptions of several n. sps. 6, xxvii,
68-7'.). Ferris, G. F. — A contribution to the knowledge of the Coc-
cidae of southwestern U. S. (Leland Stanford Jr. Univ. Pub., Univ.
Ser., 68 pp.). Gibson, E. H. — The genera Corythaica and Uolicho-
cysta (Tingidae). 54, xxxii, 97-104. McAtee, W. L. — Key to the
nearctic genera and sps. of Berytidae (1 k-tcroptera). 6, xxvii, T'.i-1.):.'.
2O8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS ly, '19
LEPIDOPTERA. Brethes, J.— Sohrc una lepidopterocecidia del
lecheron "Sapium aucuparium." 96, iv, 356. Brocher, F. — Les or-
ganes pulsatiles meso-et metatergaux des lepidopteres. 92, Iviii,
149-171. Ehrmann, G. A. — New tropical American Papilios. 17,
iii, 36-8. Giacomelli, E. — Observaciones entomologicas. 96, iv, 363-
66. de Joannis, J. — Les Gallerides doivent former une famille di-
stincte des Pyralidae. 20, 1919, 105-8. Knetzger, A. — Vanessa cali-
fornica at St. Louis, Mo. 17, iii, 33-4. McMurray, N. — Some luna
notes. 17, iii, 34. Sanchez, D. — Sobre ciertos elementos aisladores
de la retina periferica del Pieris brassicae. (Trab. Lab. Invest. Biol.
Univ. Madrid, xvi, 1-18.). Stowers, N. — Notes on Feralia major.
17, iii, 35-6.
Barnes & McDunnough — A new race of Plebeius icarioides from
Vancouver Island. Notes on the genus Olene, with description of a
n. sp. 4, li, 92-3; 102-4. Busck, A. — A new sp. of Bucculatrix inju-
rious to hollyhock. 10, xxi, 109-10. Clark, B. P. — Some undescribed
Sphingidae (Proc. N. England Zool. Club, vi, 99-114).
DIPTERA. Brethes, J.— Description de la galle et la cecido-
myie d' "Aeschynomene montevidensis." 96, iv, 312-13. Grimshaw,
P. H. — The collection and preservation of diptera. (Scot. Nat.
1919, 55-61, cont.). Pierre, C.— Nervulations anormales de quelques
dipteres Tipuliformes. 20, 1919, 75-7. Townsend, C. H. T.— Ovi-
position of Rhinogastrophilus nasalis. 4, li, 120.
Aldrich, J. M. — Two new gen. of Anthomyiidae. 10, xxi, 106-9.
Cole, F. R.— The dipterous family Cyrtidae of No. Am. 2, xlv, 1-79.
Malloch, J. R. — A new sp. of Hylemyia and of Coenosia from Can-
ada (Anthomyiidae). 4, li, 95-6.
COLEOPTERA. Bedel, L.— Le Silpha indica, considere comme
enigme est un Megalodacne de I'Amerique du Sud. 20, 1919, 114-16.
Blair, K. G. — Notes on the Pythidae with descriptions of n. sps. 8,
J919, 112-20 (cont.). Brethes, J. — Description de deux Coleopteres
Cantharides de Catamarca. 96, iv, 360-1. Bruch, C. — Nuevos hues-
pedes de hormigas procedentes de Cordoba. Captura de ceram-
bicidos. Descripcion de nuevos cerambicidos argentinos. 96, iv,
186-95; 354-5; 355. Frers, A. G. — Metamorfosis de la "Lema bili-
neata." 96, iv, 336-39. Pic, M. — Deux especes nouvelles du genre
Camaria, du Bresil. 20, 1919, 117-18.
Dawson, R. W. — New sps. of Serica (Scarabaeidae). 6, xxvii,
32-9. Notman, H.— C. collected-at Cochrane, northern Ontario....,
with descriptions of six n. sps. 6, xxvii, 92-102.
HYMENOPTERA. Arthus, M.— Recherches experimentales sur
le venin des abeilles. 77, Ixxxii, 414-15. Brethes, J. — Description
d'une nouvelle espece de "Sphex" de la Republique Argentine. Un
Bembecido cazador de hemipteros. 96, iv, 347-48; 348-9. Cockerell,
T. D. A. — Bees in the collection of the U. S. National museum.—
3. 50, Iv, 167-221. Frers, A. G. — Nidificacion y mctamorfosis del
"Pachodynerus argentinus." 96, iv, 323-26. Holmberg, E. L. — Suple-
Yol > | ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 2OQ
mento 1 a las especies argentinas de Coelioxys. 96, iv, 145-66.
Sladen, F. W. L. — Further notes on the latimanus group of the bee
genus Megachile. 4, li, 85. Urbahns, T. D. — Life history observa-
tions on four recently described parasites of Bruchophagus fune-
lius. 59, xvi, 165-73.
Banks, N. — New Psammocharidae and Philanthidae. 4, li, 81-5.
Brues, C. T.— Notes and descriptions of N. Am. Serphidae. 6,
xxvii, 1-10. Cushman, R. A. — New genera and sps. of ichneumon
flies. 10, xxi. 112-20. Gahan, A. B.— Notes on some genera and
sps. of chalcid-flies belonging to the Aphelininae. with description
of a n. sp. 50, Iv, 403-7. Muesebeck, C. F. W. — Three new sps. of
Braconidae. 4, li, 113-16.
CLASS BOOK OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY. With Special Reference to
the Economic Insects of the Northern United States and Canada. By
WILLIAM LOCHHEAD, B.A., M.S. (Cornell), Professor of Biology in
Macdonald College of McGill University, etc. With 257 illustrations.
P. Blakiston's Son and Co., 1012 Walnut St., Philadelphia. Price
$2.50 net.
This hook is another addition to the increasing number of works
on this subject, its make-up is admirable and there is a large amount
of valuable information condensed into its 436 pages. Part One is
devoted to the structure, growth and economics of insects, and includes
the external anatomy, special organs of sense, internal anatomy, embry-
ology, development, metamorphosis, insects in relation to birds and
plants, relation to the transmission of disease, behavior toward stimuli,
to temperature and humidity, distribution and methods of study. Part
Two is one of great usefulness as it consists of tables for the identi-
fication of insects and the tables are arranged under different headings
— cereal crops, indian corn, clover and alfalfa, stored grains, roots,
garden vegetables, fruits, shade trees, greenhouse plants, domestic
animals, including poultry, and also household pests. Part Three is
devoted to the classification and description of common insects. Part
Four treats of remedial and control measures and the book concludes
with a glossary of terms and an index.
As a text-book and as a practical guide to injurious insects this is
one of the very best books thus far published. — HENRY SKINNER.
(Advt.).
OBITUARY NOTES
WILLIAM FRANCIS DE YISMES KANE, known for his Cata-
logue of the Lcpidoptcra of Ireland (1901), Handbook of the
Butterflies of Europe (1885) and for his writings on other
groups of animals, archaeology, etc., died at Drumreaske
House, County Monaghan. April 18, 1918. Tie was horn near
Exniouth. Devon, England, in 1840. ( >l>itunry notices are in
the Ent. Mo. Mag., Nov., 1918, and the Entomologist, Oct.,
1918.
2IO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [July. '19
The Entomologist (London) for May, 1919, contains an
obituary&friotice of SYDNEY WEBB (1837-1919), a writer of
monographs on British Tineina and other Microlepidoptera.
At the meeting of the Entomological Society of France held
February 12, 1919, it was announced that "the Grand Duke
NICOLAS MICH AILOV ITCH, honorary member of the society,
and two of his brothers had been recently massacred at Petro-
grad. The news appears unhappily certain today.'1 The Grand
Duke is known entomologically for the nine volumes of "Me-
moires sur les Lepidopteres rediges par N. M. Romanoff," St.
Petersbourg, 1884-1897, consisting of essays by himself and
others on chiefly Palaearctic species and illustrated with col-
ored plates.
Dr. RAPHAEL BLANCHARD, parasitologist and historian of
medicine, who died in Paris, February 3, 1919, aged 62, pub-
lished on pathogenic Diptera and also a separate work, Les
Moiistiqucs (Paris, 1905). An obituary notice recently ap-
peared in Science (April 25, 1919).
JULES KUNKEL D'HERCULAIS, honorary assistant at the Na-
tional Museum of Natural History, Paris, died December 22,
1918, at Conflans-fin-d'Oise, France, aged 75 years. His work-
on Volu-cclla (1875) was awarded one of the great prizes of
the Academy of Sciences. In the course of his studies in Al-
geria and the Argentine Republic, he published important
memoirs on migratory Acrididae and on the early stages of
their parasites. Mylabrus and Cleridae. (Bull. Soc. Ent.
France, 1918, No. 20.)
Dr. W. J. Holland has given an interesting account of the
life and activities of the well known collector, HERBERT
HUNTINGTON SMITH, in Science for May 23. 1019. We hope
to have an article from the same pen, specially devoted to Mr.
Smith's entomological work, in the next number of the NEWS.
Mr. Smith was born at Manlius, New York. January 21, 1851,
and killed by accident March 22, 1919, in Alabama.
R. KOBERT, professor of pharmacology at Rostock, whose
death on December 27, 1918, aged 64, is announced in Science
for June 6, was known entomologically for his Bcitraac cur
Kenntniss dcr Giftstinncn door), containing his results on
the poison of the Malmignatte (Latrodectcs tredecimguttatus) .
CHANGE OF ADDRESS.
We have moved from 512 Burnside Avenue, East Hart-
ford, to 62 South Whitney Street, Hartford.
After shutting down completely durin^ the war
we are starting up again this year with a larger line of
Lepidoptera Specialties
than we had before. Details of our different products will
be announced in later advertisements or may be had by
direct application to
S. C. CARPENTER, Lepidopterist,
62 South Whitney St., Hartford, Conn.
FOR RENT.
NEW ARRIVALS
From Columbia, So. America:
OVER 10,000 BUTTERFLIES, INCLUDING
Morpho cypris Morpho amathonte
" stilkowskyi Caligo spp.
From Cuba :
1500 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
Urania boisduvali
Erin y is guttalaris
Protoparce brontes, etc.
Papilio columbus
andraemon
celadon
" devilliersi
From Venezuela :
Over 5000 Lepidoptera
200 Dynastes hercules
From New Guinea :
2000 Coleoptera
200 Orthoptera
From Assam, India :
1200 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
Papilio arcturus Kallima inachis
philoxenus Brahmaea wallachi
And Many Other Showy Species
u
From Tibet (Bhutan)
Armandia lidderdalii Parnassius hardwicki
CATALOGUES OF
ENTOMOLOGICAL SUPPLIES AND SPECIMENS
ON APPLICATION
If interested kindly send your list of desiderata for further information to
THE KNY-SCHEERER CORPORATION
Department of Natural Science New York
G. Lagai, Ph.D. 404-410 W. 27th Street
OCTOBER, 1919.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
Vol. XXX. No. 8
.
•-
Thaddeos William Harris '•*,.
1795-1856.
PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D., Editor.
E. T. CRESSON, JR., Associate Editor.
HENRY SKINNER, M.IX, Sc.D., Editor Emeritus
ADVISORY COMMITTKK:
EZRA T. CRESSON, J. A. G. REHN,
PHILIP I.AURHNT, GEORGE M. GREENE, H. W. WENZEL.
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ENT. NEWS, Vol. XXX.
Plate IX.
HERBERT HUNTINGDON SMITH.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
AND
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VOL. XXX.
OCTOBER, 1919-
No. 8.
CONTENTS:
Holland — Herbert Huntingdon Smith 211
Alexander— Two new Crane-flies from
California (Tipuhdae, Diptera) 214
Skinner — A New Species of Argjnnis
from Utah (Lepid., Rhop ) 216
Lankester — Costa Rican Butterflies
(Lepid., Rhop.) 216
Funkhouser — A New Tylocentrus from
Arizona (Membracidae ; Homop.) 217
Felt— Five Non-gall-making Midges
(Dip., Cecidomyidae) 219
Parshley — On the Preparation of He-
rn iptera for the Cabinet 223
Editorial— The Resting Place of Col-
lections 228
Prison — The Occurrence of Eurema
mexicana Boisd. in Illinois (Lep.) 228
Severin — The Cause of the Delay of
Publication of the Selys Catalogue 229
Scott — Abundance of Cicadas in Belu-
chistan 230
Changes of Address 230
Prof. Bruner's Retirement 231
Memorials to the late F. D. Godman . . 231
Martin— Notes on the Occurrence of
Schizax senex in California (Col.,
Cerambycidae) 231
Entomological Literature 232
Fletcher's Report of the Imperial
Entomologist, 1917-1918 237
Miyake's Studies on the Fruit-flies of
Japan 237
Doings of Societies — Feldman Collect-
ing Social (Dip., Col., Hym., Lep ) 23*
Amer. Ent. Soc. (Col., Lep., Dip.,
Orth.) 239
Ent. Sec., Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. ( Lep. ) 240
Herbert Huntingdon Smith.
(Portrait. Plate IX)
In the death of Herbert Huntingdon Smith, which occurred
on March 22, 1919, at Tuscaloosa, Alabama, the world lost
one of the most indefatigable and successful field-naturalists
who has ever lived. In recent years Mr. Smith was afflicted
by deafness, and was struck by a railway train, of the r.p-
proach of which he was unaware, and was instantly killed.
He was born at Manlius, New York, on January 21, 1851, and
\vas therefore in his sixty-ninth year at the time of his death.
He leaves his widow, Mrs. Amelia Woolworth Smith, and an
only son, Huntingdon Holland Smith, the latter a successful
young man of affairs, residing at Atlanta, Georgia.
Mr. Smith was well known in scientific and literarv circles.
While still a student at Cornell University in 1870, he accom-
panied his friend and teacher, the late Prof. ('. K. I lartt. to
Brazil. In 18/4 he returned to Brazil and spent more than
three years in making natural history collections in the vicinity
212 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., '19
of Santarem. on the northern tributaries of the Amazons, and
on the Tapajos, concluding his stay in the country by a sojourn
of some months in the neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro. Shortly
after his return to the United States he was commissioned by
the Messrs. Scribner to write a series of articles for their
magazine upon Brazil and twice revisited the country, on one
trip being accompanied by an artist, who was employed to
illustrate the papers he wrote. One of the results of these
journeys was the volume entitled "Brazil, the Amazons, and
the Coast," which was issued from the press of the Scribners
in 1879. In the fall of 1880 he married Miss Amelia Wool-
worth Smith of Brooklyn, N. Y., and together they repaired
to Brazil, residing there until the spring of 1886, making
their headquarters at Rio de Janeiro, but traveling extensively
in all parts of the country and making great collections of
natural history specimens. A volume in the Portuguese tongue
entitled "De Rio de Janeiro a Cuyaba" was one of the by-
products of these years of travel and research. The year 1889
was passed in Mexico, where extensive collections were made
for Mr. F. Ducane Godman, who was engaged in the prepa-
ration of his monumental work, the "Biologia Centrali-Ameri-
cana." From 1890-1895 he spent much of his time in the
employment of the West Indian Commission of the Royal
Society in making a biological survey of Trinidad and tKe
Windward Islands. At the same time he was engaged in
writing and editing as a member of the staff of the "Century
Dictionary," the "Century Cyclopedia of Names," and "John-
son's Cyclopedia." In these works almost everything" relating
to South and Central America and their fauna and flora is
from his pen. From 1897-1903 he was most of the time in
the employment of the Carnegie Museum, three years being
spent in collecting in the province of Santa Marta in Colom-
bia: From 1904 until his death he resided in Alabama, during
the last ten years of his life being the curator of the Museum
at the University of Alabama.
Mr. Smith was interested in all branches of zoology and
botany. He collected vertebrates and invertebrates equally
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 213
well. Tn Colombia he made a vast collection of plants. In
every field a multitude of new and undescribed species re-
warded his diligence. The literature of science for the past
thirty or more years so far as it contains descriptions of new
or little known neotropical species is everywhere replete with
the notation "(H. H. Smith coll.)."
The writer has not been able to command the time to make
a search for the total of new species which he turned up and
which have so far been described, but ventures with perfect
confidence the assertion that such species must already ag-
gregate several thousands.
The work done by Mr. Smith in the field of entomology
was particularly great. The entomological collections made
by him are mainly contained in the National Museum at Rio
de Janeiro, in the British Museum (derived from the gift of
the collections of F. D. Godman) and in the Carnegie Museum,
though parts of his collections are scattered widely in other
museums. There are in the Carnegie Museum in the neigh-
borhood of 25,000 species of Brazilian Coleoptera assembled
by him and many thousands of species of insects in other or-
ders. A memorandum recently received by the writer from
Mrs. Smith states that the Arthropoda collected during the
years of Mr. Smith's journeys in Brazil up to May, 1886, ag-
gregated approximately 40,000 species, distributed as follows :
Hymenoptera 5,ooo
Diptera 2.500
Lepidoptera 2,600
Coleoptera 23,000
Hemiptera 3,300
Orthoptera 600
Neuroptera 300
Arachnida 2.000
Crustacea 250
Total 39.55O species
The collections contained an aggregate of at least half a
million of individual specimens. Portions of the collections
have been carefully studied and reported upon. Ashmead,
Cresson, and others have in part worked over the Hymen-
214 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., '19
optera. Williston did something with part of the Diptera. The
Lepidoptera so far as they represented the species of Middle-
America were studied by Godman and by Herbert Druce.
Champion wrote np a part of the Coleoptera, but the beetles
of Brazil as a whole remain for the most part to be studied ;
P. R. Uhler has described many of the Hemiptera, as did
also \Y. L. Distant. The Orthoptera have been studied by
Dr. Lawrence Bruner and the Odonata by Dr. P. P. Calvert.
Nevertheless there remains a residuum of unstudied and
undetermined material in England and America garnered by
H. H. Smith which still calls for attention and which probably
represents many thousands of nondescript species, especially
among the micro-coleoptera.
.Herbert H. Smith and William Doherty, both Americans,
were undoubtedly the two ablest zoological collectors in the
field during the last two decades of the Nineteenth and the
first decade of the Twentieth Century.
W. J. HOLLAND.
Ocean House, Watch Hill, R. I., Aug. 26, 1910.
Two new Crane-flies from California (Tipulidae,
Diptera).
By CHARLES P. ALEXANDER, State Laboratory of Natural His-
tory, Urbana, Illinois.
Erioptera (Acyphona) sparsa sp. n.
General coloration yellow ; femora with a narrow dark-brown hand
just before the tips; wings subhyaline with sparse brown markings.
5 . Length 5.8 mm. ; wing 6.4 mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennae with the basal segments
yellowish, the apical half brown. Head dark.
Mesonotal praescutum dull yellow with three brown stripes ; scu-
tellum yellowish. Pleura more infumed. Halteres pale, the knobs
orange-yellow. Legs with the coxae dull yellow: trochanters yellow;
femora yellowish with a narrow brown ring that is close before the
tip ; tibiae yellow, the tips narrowly and indistinctly darkened : tarsi
brown, the metatarsi paler basally. Wings pale yellowish subhyaline
with dark-brown markings, including a narrow seam along the cord;
small spots at the base of the wing and the origin of the sector;
Vol. XXXJ KXTO.MOLOGICAL NEWS. 215
larger marks at the ends of the longitudinal veins, ^4+5 excepted.
Venation: Similar to the closely related £. annillaris, but m slightly
before midlength of ,1/3.
Abdomen dull yellow, the pleural region brownish. Ovipositor very
long and slender.
Holotypc: 9, Berkeley, California, May 28, 1915 (M. C.
Van Duzee).
Type in the collection of the author.
E. sparsa is very similar to E. annillaris O. S. of the Eastern
United States, but the wings are paler with a much more
restricted pattern, the marks at the origin of the sector and
the ends of the anal veins small, and the femoral brown ring
narrow and closer to the tips.
•
Limnophila hepatica sp. n.
General coloration dark liver-brown, the thorax unstriped ; wings
with a faint brownish suffusion, the stigma and a blotch at r-m brown.
9. Length 7.5 mm.; wing 8 mm.
Rostrum and palpi dark brown. Antennae dark brown, the first
scapal segment elongated. Head dark gray.
Mesonotum dark liver-brown, shiny, without stripes, the postnotum
a little more reddish. Pleura dark brown, the dorsopleural membranes
more yellowish. Halteres pale, the knobs a little darkened, the stems
rather elongated. Legs with the coxae yellowish, the fore coxae a
little darkened; trochanters yellowish; legs except the fore pair
broken, these latter with the femora dark brown, the basal quarter
more yellowish ; tibiae and tarsi dark brown. Wings with a faint
brown suffusion ; stigma large, oval, dark brown ; a brownish cloud
on r-in and adjoining veins; base of the wing slightly yellowish; veins
dark brown. Venation: Sci ending opposite the basal deflection of
/?4+5; r removed from the tip of Ki ; Rs long; 7?2-r3 a little shorter
than the basal deflection of Cm ; r-m in alignment with the basal
deflections of /?4+5 and AIi+2; cell 1st .1/2 small; petiole of cell .17 1
about as long as this cell; basal deflection of Cm slightly beyond mid-
length of cell ist .1/2.
Abdominal tergites dark brown, the basal shield of the ovipositor
dull black, the valves long and slender, rusty in color; sternites dull
yellowish.
Holotypc: 9. Fieldbrook, California, May 18, 1903 (H. S.
Barber).
Type in the collection of the United States National Mu-
seum.
2l6 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., '19
A New Species of Argynnis from Utah
(Lepid., Rhop.).
By HENRY SKINNER.
Argynnis utahensis, n. sp.
Uppersidf. Primaries dull fulvous with the extra discal rounded
spots as in Argynnis chit one except that the spots near the apex are
somewhat smaller than in that species and they are not so black and
well pronounced. The basal area of the wing is not nearly so dark as
in chiione.
Secondaries are the same color as the primaries with the usual black
markings. The base of the wing is not obscured by dark scales as is
the case in some of the allied species.
Underside. Primaries relatively light in color with two spot? near
the apex and three of the submarginal lunules faintly silvered.
Secondaries much as in chitone, but lighter in color with less black
around the silver spots. Some specimens are devoid of silver spots.
The female is like the male, but slightly larger, and the base of the
primaries is much redder than in the male.
This is the species that has always been confused with chitone Edw.
It can be readily differentiated by less black on the basal areas above
and below and by the generally lighter colors.
The male expands 53 mm. and the female 55 mm.
The type was taken by the writer in City Creek Canyon,
Salt Lake City, Utah, July 6th, and the allotype at Silver Lake,
Brightens, Utah, July I2th. There are nine paratypes from
City Creek Canyon, taken on the 4th to the 6th of July. Four-
teen specimens from Ogden, Utah, and four from Park City,
Utah, taken by A. J. Snyder in the first half of July. Three
specimens from Provo, Utah, taken by T. Spalding in July,
and four specimens from David Bruce labelled "Utah."
The types and other specimens are in the collection of The
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.
Costa Rican Butterflies (Lepid., Rhop.).
On December 3oth (1918) I took on the Cairo branch a female of
Hypolimnas misippus, which may be a first record for Costa Rica.
We have found larvae and reared them, on Hygrophila r. »»/»/«
(Acanthaceae), of Amphircnc epaphus, though as this is so common
a species, it is unlikely to confine itself to that plant and probably
affects other species of the same family. The larva is very handsome,
velvety black with pale yellow bars at the segments, the chrysalis grass
green. — C. H. LANKKSTER, Cartago, Costa Rica.
Vol. XXX j ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 2 IJ
A New Tylocentrus from Arizona (Membracidae ;
Homoptera).
By W. D. FUNKHOUSER.*
(Plate X)
The genus Tylocentrus VanDuzee was erected for the ac-
commodation of T. rctlculatus VanDuzee, described! from
specimens from I "tali and Arizona. The type species is ap-
parently common throughout the southwestern part of the
United States and I have received from Mr. H. H. Knight of
Ithaca, Xe\v York, a long series of specimens collected by him
during the Summer of 1917 in the vicinities of Fabeus, Texas,
and Ft. Stockton. Texas. Mr. Knight's field notes record the
host-plant of this insect as the "screw-bean" (Strombocarpa
odorata (Torrey) A. Gray)t and the specimen labels bear the
dates of July 5 for the Ft. Stockton material and July 9 for
the Fabeus specimens.
Since the description of the type species, the genus has re-
mained monotypic but the following' insect must now be added :
Tylocentrus quadricornis sp. nov. (Plate X; Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4).
Near Tylocentrus rctlculatus VanDuzee but differing prin-
cipally in the shape of the head and clypeus. the shape of the
posterior process and in having four distinct pronotal horns
in the female.
Robust, mottled yellow, brown and black, finely punctate, pubescent ;
four \ve!l developed pronotal horns extending in a row across the dor-
sum in a line with the humeral angles, the middle pair being the
shorter; scutcllum plainly exposed, bidentate ; posterior process narrow
at base, high and arcuate at extremity, slightly elevated above teg-
mina; tegmina semiopaque, mottled yellow, ferruginous and brown;
legs yellow, banded with brown.
Head twice as wide as long, very roughly sculptured, swollen in
centre, brown with black markings at margins of eyes and a black
spot above each ocellus, finely punctate, closely pubescent with whitish
* Contribution from the Zoological Laboratory of the University of
Kentucky.
f Van I 'u/re. !•'.. I'. Studies in North American Membracidae. Hull.
Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. ix, pp. 118-119, pi. 2, figs. 39 and 40. April 18, 1908.
J.S'.v/;. I'r»si>^is pithi'sci'ii.* I'.cntham. ?
2l8 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., 'iQ
hairs ; base of head elevated and strongly sinuate, highest above ocelli ;
eyes gray, elongate, much wider than high ; ocelli small, brown, not
conspicuous, protruding, about equidistant from each other and from
the eyes and situated about on an imaginary line drawn through cen-
ters of eyes; inferior margin of genae convex, protruding, sinuate;
clypeus three times as long as broad, brown in centre, darker at mar-
gins, luteous at tip, extending for more than two-thirds its length
below inferior margins of genae, punctate, pubescent, tip rounded,
swollen, pilose with long white hairs.
Pronotum yellow with a spot over each eye, the tips of the horns
and the apical half of the posterior process black, the area behind the
horns and before the base of the posterior process brown, the entire
pronotum finely punctate and densely pubescent with white or grayish
hairs ; metopidium much wider than high, slightly sloping, somewhat
convex and swollen in center, entirely light yellow except for a black
callosity above each eye ; median carina distinctly percurrent ; humeral
angles large, prominent, triangular, blunt, extending outward almost
as far as the suprahumeral horns above them; suprahumeral horns
short, heavy, blunt, somewhat flattened dorso-ventrally, about one-
fourth as long as the distance between their bases, brown with the
tips black, extending outward and upward but not at all forward or
backward, apices blunt, roughly carinate and slightly bent downward;
between the two suprahumeral horns and on a line with them are two
other horns which are short, conical, blunt, yellow with black tips,
extending almost directly upward, about equidistant from each other
and from the suprahumerals and about as long as the distance be-
tween their bases; scutellum plainly exposed on each side, about as
long as broad, strongly bidentate, base brown, punctate and pubescent,
tip yellow ; posterior process short, slightly upraised, basal half nar-
row and nearly straight, distal half wider and strongly upraised to
form a high arcuate crest, this crest longer than high, the tip black and
acute and extending almost to the internal angles of the tegmina.
Tegmina semiopaque ; base brown, coriaceous, punctate and pubes-
cent;, next to the coriaceous base a semicircular whitish fascia; cen-
tral part of tegmina brown; tip lighter and subhyaline ; veins very
strong, heavy, brown, with short irregular branches projecting out into
the cells. Apparently five apical and three discoidal cells. Marginal
membrane very narrow.
Sides of thorax brown, punctate and pubescent. The white arc
made by the fascia just before the base of the tegmen is continued
downward over the sides of the metathorax and mesothorax and up-
ward over the pronotum by a line of white tomentose pubescence.
Abdomen brown, margins of segments lighter. Femora brown; tibiae
strongly mottled with alternate patches of brown and yellow, spinose;
tarsi flavous; claws brown.
ENT. NEWS, Vol. XXX.
Plate X.
1
TYLOCENTRUS QUADRICORNIS.-FUNKHOUSER.
Y';l. XXX j ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 2IQ
Length including tegmina 5.2 mm.; width between tips of supra-
humeral horns 2.8 mm.
T\pc: female. Locality: Lewis Springs, Arizona.
Described from two females collected at Lewis Springs,
Arizona, on June 18, 1915, by Mr. Harold Morrison. Mr.
Morrison's field notes record that the insects were taken in
"miscellaneous beating and sweeping" but no data as to its
peculiar host-plant are available. 'I'ype and paratype in
author's collection.
EXPLANATION' OF PLATE X.
:-ig. i. Lateral view of Tyloccntnts quadricornis sp. nov.
2. Front view of head and thorax.
3. Dorsal outline.
4. Right front wing of type specimen.
Five Non-gall-making Midges (Dip., Cecidomyidae).
By E. P. FELT, Albany, New York.
The members of two subfamilies and one tribe of the third
Mib family of our gall midges, make no galls and are of little
interest to the students of vegetable deformations. These
anomalous gall midges are extremely interesting to the sys-
tematist, morphologist and the biologist because in many re-
spects they present most interesting gradations between the
gall producers and the series of small flies, living for the most
part in decaying vegetable matter.
j The types, presumably, are in the State Museum at Albany.
-ED.]
Prionellus eremi n. sp.
The male described below was collected at Brainerd Lake,
Boulder County, Colorado, by Prof. T. D. A. Cockercll, dated
August 28, and forwarded in April, 1918. This species is allied
to P. hcspcria Felt and P. latipcnnis Felt, from both of which
it may be easily separated by its greater size and the rclativrK
longer basal enlargement of the flagellate antennal segment-
and the relatively shorter fourth palpal segment.
c . Lfii.uth 1.5 mm. Antennae nearly a-- !<>n ,r as the l>"dy, sparsely
haired, reddish hrown, 14 segments, the 5th with a -.tern ; ; thi.- length
22O ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [( )ct, '
of the subcylindrical basal enlargement, which latter has a length
times its diameter. Terminal segment reduced, with a length about
twice its diameter and tapering to an irregular, rudimentary knob.
Palpi : first segment short, quadrate, second a little longer, more slen-
der, third as long as the second, and the fourth about ]/2 longer than
the third.
Mesonotum dark reddish brown. Scutellum reddish brown. Post-
scutellum yellowish brown.
Abdomen mostly dark yellowish brown, the basal genitalic seg-
ments darker.
Wings hyaline ; halteres fuscous yellowish. Coxae yellowish brown.
Legs mostly fuscous straw, the distal tarsal segments dark brown.
Genitalia : basal clasp segment short, stout, terminal clasp segment
short, somewhat swollen distally, tapering and curving to an irregular,
obtuse, heavily setose apex.
Type Cecid. A. 2903.
HORMOSOMYIA n. gen.
The genus belongs in the Porricondylariae and may be easily
recognized by the five long veins, the cross vein being' nearly
parallel with costa, the fourth vein simple, weaker than the
others and obsolescent basally, the fifth vein simple and the
sixth free. The structure of the antennae and the genitalia of
the male are most suggestive of Porricondyla Rond. from
which it is easily separated by alar characters.
Type : H. orcgonensis n. sp.
Hormosomyia oregonensis n. sp.
$ . Length 4 mm. Antennae as long as the body, sparsely haired,
16 segments, the 5th with a stem 2^/2 times the length of the basal
enlargement, which latter has a length nearly three times its diam-
eter, a sub-basal whorl of short, stout setae, a subapical whorl of much
longer, slender setae and a sparse apical whorl of shorter, slender
setae lying mostly parallel with the axis of the segment. Terminal
segment produced, tapering gradually and with a length about five
times its diameter and apically an irregular, spindle-shaped appendage.
Palpi : moderately long, first segment with a length about three times
its diameter, the second and third segments each nearly as long as the
first, and the fourth segment nearly twice the length of the third and
somewhat dilated.
Mesonotum shiny reddish brown, the submedian lines sparsely hair-
ed, the collar, the posterior median area, scutellum and postscutellum
mostlv yellowish.
Vol. XXX ] i:\To.MOLOGICAI. N KWS. 221
Abdomen rather thickly haired, dark brown, genitalia fuscous yel-
lowish.
Wings hyaline, subcosta uniting with the margin near the basal half
and the cross-vein nearly parallel with costa, the third vein stout,
strongly curved distally and joining the margin well beyond the apex.
i;' urth vein simple, weaker than the third, obsolescent basally. Fifth
vein a little stouter than the third, simple, obsolescent basally ; sixth
vein simple, moderately stout, strongly curved distally and uniting
with the posterior margin a little before the basal half. Halteres
mostly pale yellowish.
Legs nearly uniform dark brown, the femoro-tibial and the tibio-
tarsal articulations narrowly yellowish. Claws moderately long, stout,
curved, unidentate, the tooth with a series 'of minute denticulations
basally. The pulvilli about half the length of the claws.
Genitalia : basal clasp segment moderately long, stout ; terminal
clasp segment long, tapering triangular when seen from the dorsum,
the length being about 2l/2 times the greatest width. The apex slightly-
curved and obtuse, and not noticeably chitinized. Dorsal plate short,
broad, tapering to a broadly, slightly emarginate. somewhat lobed
posterior margin. Ventral plate divided, the lobes broadly quadran-
gular and sparsely setose. Style short, stout, acute apically.
Type Cecid. i/QO.
This remarkable specimen was collected by Mr. F. R. Cole,
October 10, 1918, at Forest Grove, Oregon.
Porricondyla consobrina n. sp.
This insect was collected August 3, 1918, at Gull Lake, near
Muskoka, Ontario, Canada, by H. S. Parish. The species is
very close to P. iirccnalis Felt, from which it is most easily
separated by its somewhat larger size, paler color, reduced
chitinization of the abdominal segments and the distinctly
longer tips of the lance-like harpes.
$. Length 2.5 mm. Antennae a little longer than the body, thickly
haired, fuscous, the stems whitish transparent, 16 segments, the fifth
with a stem two and one-half times the length of the basal enlarge-
ment, which latter has a length one-half greater than its diameter.
Terminal segment with a length four times its diameter and tapering
gradually and nearly uniformly to an acute apex. Palpi: first seg-
ment with a length about four times its diameter, the second about as
long as the first, a little stouter, the third one-half longer than the
second, more slender, and the fourth one-half longer than the third.
Thorax and bodv a nearly uniform pale yellowish. Halteres yel-
lowish transparent.
222 ENTOMOIvOGICAf, NEWS. [Oct., '19
Coxae and femora basally of the fore and midlegs pale yellowish,
the entire femora and tibiae basally of the hind legs pale yellowish,
the remainder of the legs dark brown. Claws moderately long, stout,
slightly curved, the pulvilli nearly as Ion1? as the claws.
Genitalia : basal clasp segment short, very broad, terminal clasp seg-
ment short, greatly swollen and heavily spined apically, dorsal plate
long, broad, deeply and narrowly incised, the lobes roundly quadrate
and sparsely and coarsely setose apically ; ventral plate moderately
long, broad, deeply and roundly emarginate, the lobes narrowly
rounded, setose. Harpes slender, lance-like, the strongly chitinized
apex turned at almost right angles and with a length nearly one-half
that of the basal portion.
Type Cecicl. 1797.
Porricondyla fultonensis n. sp.
This male was taken probably on June 17, 1916, by Mr. C.
P. Alexander at Woodworth's Lake, Fulton County, New
York, and forwarded for determination in December, 1918.
Tt falls in the series with sixteen antennal segments and is
allied to P. canadcnsis Felt and P. dilatata Felt, from both of
which it is easily separated by antennal differences as well as
other structural characteristics.
<5 . Length 2 mm. Antennae a little longer than the bodv, thickly
haired, dark brown, the stems whitish transparent, 16 segments, the
5th with a stem i% the length of the basal enlargement, which latter
has a length 2^4 times its diameter. Terminal segment slightly pro-
duced and with a subglobose node apically. Palpi : first segment with
a length nearly three times its diameter, the second a little shorter, the
third at least the length of the second, and the fourth nearly twice
the length of the third and somewhat compressed.
Mesonotum dark reddish brown, the submedian lines sparsely haired.
Scutellum and postscutellum yellowish orange.
Abdomen sparsely haired, dark brown, genitalia reddish yellow.
Halteres mostly dark brown, fuscous yellowish apically. Legs mostly
fuscous straw ; coxae dark brown. Claws stout, simple, the pulvilli
about half the length of the claws.
Genitalia : basal clasp segment broad, sparsely setose, terminal clasp
segment as long as the basal clasp segment, slightly curved, moder-
ately stout, tapering at both extremities. Dorsal plate short, broad,
rather deeply and roundly emarginate, ventral plate a little longer,
broad and broadly rounded.
Type a2Q53.
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NKVVS. 22$
Colpodia colei n. sp.
The male described below was collected June 2, lyiS, at
Forest Grove, Oregon, by F. R. Cole. It is related to C.
amcricana Felt, from which it may be most easily separated by
its larger si/e and marked differences in the structure of the
genitalia.
(J. Length 2 mm. Antennae one-half longer than the body, sparsely
haired, dark brown, ? 16 segments, the fifth with a stem twice the
length of the basal enlargement, which latter has a length one-half
greater than its diameter. Palpi : first segment with a length three
times its diameter, second as long as the first, stouter, the third one-
half longer than the second, more slender, and the fourth one-half
longer than the third, more slender.
Mesonotum dark brownish red. Scutellum and postscutellum mostly
pale yellowish.
Abdomen yellowish brown. Halteres pale yellowish.
Legs a nearly uniform pale straw. Claws moderately long, stout,
tmidentate, the pulvilli nearly as long as the claws.
Genitalia : basal clasp segment short, stout, terminal clasp segment
short and greatly swollen, apically pectinate. Dorsal plate moderately
long, deeply and narrowly incised, the lobes broadly rounded. Ven-
tral plate long, incised, the lobes narrowly rounded. Harpes appar-
ently consisting of two slightly bowed, long chitinous pieces, the tips
crossing near the median line and a basal chitinous structure with
heavy, sublateral processes extending posteriorly. The structure of
the harpes is very different from C. amcricana Felt.
Type C. 1791.
On the Preparation of Hemiptera for the Cabinet.
By H. M. PARSHLEY, Smith College, Northampton,
Massachusetts.
Some years ago the Editor of this Journal published a lead-
ing article in which he urged the importance of care and neat-
ness in mounting and labeling insect specimens, and no doubt
there has been some general improvement in subsequent years,
especially in the matter of recording full data. But there is
still need for attention to this department of entomological
technique, as I am frequently reminded in going over the c<jj-
lections of Hemiptera which pass through my hands. It may
seem surprising to note that the worst offenders in this respect
224' ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., '19
are not to be found among those who pursue the study as an
avocation, often interested more particularly in other orders,
but rather among the students of agricultural colleges where
entomology occupies a large share of attention and each of
the various groups of insects presumably receives due notice.
Many of these student collectors are to become professional
entomologists and yet their instructors, in many cases, fail to
insist upon this elementary matter of adequate skill in mount-
ing specimens and preserving them in a condition fit for study.
Still, perhaps this is what we might reasonably expect. To
my mind this state of affairs is one of the manifestations of
the "practical" spirit which is making such notable headway
in the state universities — the same spirit which eliminates the
study of the classics, elevates every trifling trade to the dignity
of an academic pursuit, and in general places the things of the
dollar above the things of the spirit. The science of entomol-
ogy has reached its present state of advancement very largely
through the unpaid effort, the labor of love, of enthusiasts,
and we may hardly look for any progress that is worth while,
in the technique of mounting specimens or in matters of
higher import, if entomologists, professional or otherwise,
come to be actuated as a class by any spirit other than that of
the true amateur.
Among the dealers also are many who display a hopeless
lack of skill in mounting specimens, probably because of the
same fundamental reason ; the shining exceptions 'are invari-
ably men who love the study for itself, quite apart from any
commercial interest. In spite of the immense labor involved,
it is usually necessary for the purchaser to order his speci-
mens unmounted and to provide his own printed labels, if he
is to obtain materials worth keeping. Strange indeed that in
the case of dealers practical considerations do not lead to
proficiency in the methods required in mounting insects of the
various orders. Slovenly mounting is an unmixed, wide spread,
and unnecessary evil ; poorly mounted specimens are frequent-
ly almost worthless for purposes of study and always quite
unfit for admission to the collection of the student who feels
Vol. XXX | KXTOMOLOCICAL NEWS.
any concern for the neatness of his cabinet. How many
tedious hours must he spent in relaxing and remounting ex-
amples which by reason of extreme rarity or some special
scientific interest are withheld from the waste-basket — a fate
otherwise well deserved ! It requires but little additional ef-
fort to prepare specimens properly in the first place, and it is
hoped that the suggestions offered below may be of some ser-
vice in the matter.
In mounting Hemiptera, only the black steel pins of Ameri-
can manufacture should be used. They are of course far su-
perior in every way to the bright brass pins, so liable to cor-
rosion and so prone to bend, and yet some collectors still use
the latter. It is true that the steel pins will rust in the
presence of moisture, as at the sea-shore or when the collec-
tion is stored in a basement, but under the same conditions
mould will grow on the specimens and hence undue humidity
must always be avoided, aside from the question of pins. It
is often recommended that Hemiptera be pinned through the
scutellum, but with certain families this is not advisable. In
the Reduviidae, for instance, the scutellum is proportionately
so small as to be entirely destroyed by a pin otherwise of suit-
able size for the insect, and in such cases it is usually best to
pin through the posterior lobe of the pronotum. The Corixi-
dae, where the scutellum is usually concealed, may be pinned
through the right hemielytron, like beetles. For convenience
in. comparing specimens under the binocular, as well as for
aesthetic reasons, the insects should all be set at a uniform
distance from the head of pin, with about ^ the length of the
pin projecting above the insect — an oft-repeated injunction
but one little heeded. This is to be accomplished with the aid
of the pinning block described below. As it is often necessary
to examine the hind win^s and dorsal surface of the abdomen,
a specimen or two of each sex in every species should be pin-
ned with the wings unfolded, but not spread on a setting
board, an artificiality not needed in mounting Hemiptera.
Specimens so small as to be injured in the least by a No. 2 pin
should be mounted on points, e. g., almost all Miridae, Antho-
226 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., Y.
coridae, Saldidae, etc. Disregard of this rule, which is not un-
common, results either in badly damaged specimens, or the
use of inconveniently fine pins, or both.
There are many forms of double mounts, recommended for
use in mounting small insects. For Hemiptera I find the card-
board point most suitable, the others clumsy in appearance as
compared with the minute specimens which they are designed
to support, and otherwise objectionable. But there are points
and points ! Thin paper is not at all suitable, though often
used : extremely large or extremely small points are alike bad ;
celluloid is refractory in several ways. A rather heavy white
bristol board of the very best quality may be recommended
as the finest material. This should be cut in strips 7-8 mm. in
width, from which the elongated triangular points are easily
made with scissors, the tips of varying widths from sharp to
blunt depending on the form and size of the insect to be
mounted. The point should be placed on a No. 3 black pin
at a height slightly less than that of ordinary pinned insects,
and the tip bent sharply downward so that it may be affixed
to the right side of the insect with a minute quantity of ad-
hesive. By this method of mounting, the entire surface of the
specimen, except a part of one side, is in full view — a great
and obvious advantage, but it is rare indeed to meet with mate-
rial thus prepared. In the few cases where the form of the
body does not lend itself to this method of mounting, a very
narrow point may be used, so placed as to conceal as little of
the ventral surface as possible. The best adhesive material,
in mv experience, is white shellac, which mav be obtained in
* *
dissolved form at hardware stores. By a little manipulation,
drying or thinning with absolute alcohol according to circum-
stances, a consistency may be obtained such that the speci-
mens will remain in place immediately upon affixing,
fixative should be very restricted in quantity, so that the stu-
dent may be spared the labor of experimenting with various
solvents in the effort to bring to light the imbedded specimen.
For fixing specimens, points, and labels at uniform heights
on the pins, some form of pinning block is a necessity. I have
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 2.2.J
found a metal block superior in many respects to the more
common wooden kind. It is a cylindrical piece of brass, 5 cm.
in diameter by 4 cm. in height, with three numbered holes,
bored very carefully with a I.; mm. drill to the following
" r' +S O
exact depths: No. I, 27 mm. for fixing points; No. 2, 17 mm.
for locality labels; No. 3, 10 mm. for adjusting the height of
specimens by inserting the head of the pin.
Most collectors now label their specimens with locality and
date of collection, but there are still those who omit to mention
the collector, perhaps because of embarrassment at seeing such
frequent repetition of their own names. This natural feeling
of modesty should, however, be repressed, since it is frequent-
ly of the utmost importance for the student to know who the
collector is. Very often it is desirable to write to the collector
for further information regarding some specimen under ex-
amination, but more important than this is the fact that the
collector's name indicates definitely the ultimate authority, the
person responsible for the record. There is unfortunately
a wide variability among collectors in the care which they be-
stow upon their specimens and hence in the reliance which
can be placed on their data, so that in the presence of speci-
mens indicating unusual distribution, for instance, the student
has every reason to require the collector's name. As an in-
stance in point, might be cited certain specimens of Hemiptera
which came to my notice some time ago. The data accom-
panying these specimens indicated an occurrence far beyond
the known range of the species, and I would have viewed the
case with some suspicion had not the collector's name, printed
on the labels, been that of a Coleopterist well known for his
extremely careful methods of work.
One of the finest aspects of our science is the opportunity
for co-operation which it affords. Most entomologists are
specialists of necessity and all frequently meet with materials
which would be of great value to others, if collected and pre-
served with cure. It may steal some attention from one's espe-
cial pursuit to learn and practice faithfully the methods of
others, but it would seem most decidedly worth while, most
certain to advance the study of entomology in general.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., OCTOBER, 1919.
The Resting Place of Collections.
If possible, decide during your life time what you wish
done with your collection after your death, and make a will.
If you don't do this the collection will probably go to the very
place you would least like to have it ; or it may go to the devil
via the Anthrcnus route.
Do not give it or will it on condition that it be kept intact,
as that is a most foolish form of egomania and will defeat
your wishes and make the collection a source of trouble wher-
ever it is, and it will be practically neglected.
You must trust some one and why not trust the entomolo-
gists that will have charge of it? A collection that is not
growing and added to, unless it contains types, is surely a
dead one. Imagine a museum with numerous collections to
be kept intact and separate, and examining all of them, one
after the other, for purposes of study. Memorials should
take some other form : perhaps special pin labels and a good
picture of the donor, displayed in the museum, suitably in-
scribed. There is a tendency in these days to keep.holotypes
separate and this would also make the intact collection of less
use for study. There are many excellent reasons for our
advice and a number of cases in illustration could be cited,
but space forbids. — H. S.
Notes and. News.
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS
OF THE GLOBE.
The Occurrence of Eurema mexicana Boisd. in
Illinois. (Lepid.).
The capture of Eurema mexicana Boisd. in Illinois is so uncommon
an occurrence that a few notes on the subject are perhaps not out of
place.
Dr. Henry Skinner, in his Synonymic Catalogue of the North Amer-
ican Rhopalocera, listed this species as occurring in Mexico, the ex-
treme southwestern states and occasionally in Nebraska, loxva and
228
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 22Q
Illinois. Dr. H. G. Dyar records the species from Mexico and on the
authority of Dr. Skinner from the Mississippi Valley. Dr. W. J.
Holland says the species is abundant in Mexico, common in Arizona
and not uncommon in Texas.
On October 18 and 19, 1911, the writer took fourteen specimens of
this species at Champaign, Illinois. Prior to that time and since then
no additional specimens of the species have been taken. My attention
was first attracted to this butterfly because of its slow low flight, fre-
quently interrupted by short stops among the grasses on the ground.
Any number of specimens of this pierid might have been captured as
they were flying in flocks as certain other butterflies do during migra-
tions. The butterflies were flying in a southwesterly direction. —
THEODORE H. PRISON, Champaign, Illinois.
The Cause of the Delay of Publication of the Selys Catalogue.
The publication of the Catalogue dcs Collections Selys has been com-
pletely stopped during the war because, in order to proceed with it, it
would have been necessary to submit it to the odious German cen-
sorship.
It was not that there was ever any fear that authorization to publish
would have been refused us. The enemy, on the contrary, would
have asked nothing better than to be able to show publications made
in Belgium; he would have drawn an argument from them to defend
his bad cause and make the world believe that the sufferings of the
Belgian people were greatly exaggerated, since the intellectuals could
continue their work under the shield of the magnanimous occupant!
Besides, ever rapacious, he found in the conditions regulating
authorizations a source of benefices : whoever published must deliver
to the censor a certain number of copies and when works of a certain
commercial value were in question, it was extortion erected into a
system. Moreover, distribution of copies could only take place through
the German booksellers who centralized everything at Leipzig, from
which place delivery was made to foreign countries.
It seemed, in these circumstances, neither dignified nor patriotic
(and never would we have consented) to submit the publication of the
scientific monument erected to the memory of the great Belgian, that
Edm. de Selys Longchamps was, to such shameful merchandising.
We do not think, moreover, that the delay caused by the war to so
many publications, begun or in preparation, constitutes a scientific
calamity. Science, who is sometimes invoked to an extent beyond her
higher and imprescriptible rights, is rarely injured by delays of publi-
cation; often she gains thereby, for the works deferred arc frequently
better, more finished, more matured. That scientists cKrlare them-
selves injured we willingly admit, but that has nothing in common
2'30 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., 'iQ
with the interest of science herself. There is a confusion here which
is often desired and which it is good to dissipate. Be that as it may,
when priority is concerned, the interest of descrihers is entirely worthy
of consideration ; we guard ourselves from misconception and w-e
honor the more those whose sense of their dignity and their patriotism
has caused them to decide to impose upon themselves the great sacri-
fice of deferring the publication of a description of a species or of a
more important scientific discovery.
It is fitting, and we make it a duty to ourselves, to signalize the
case of one of our most distinguished collaborators, Dr. F. Ris, of
Rheinau. The printing of his masterly work on the Libellulinae was
completed in 1916 and the last fasciculus could only be distributed
today, March i, 1919. Many descriptions of new species have lost
priority by the fact of this delay. We think that there is ground for
establishing the rights of Dr. Ris in certain cases and we beg our
colleagues to examine them and to act toward him in all equity, now
that the quite exceptional cause of the delay is known to all. — G.
SEVERIN, Conservator at the Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de
Belgique. [Translated.]
Abundance of Cicadas in Baluchistan.
Apropos of the present year as a 17-year Cicada year the following:
"At Quetta, from the I5th to the end of June, 1918, there was a regular
plague of Cicadas. A certain road, running out of Quetta for about
five miles, was lined with small mulberry and a few willow and other
trees. The trunks and branches of these trees were so closely studded
with the Cicadas that they appeared • gnarled and discolored. When
a motor car passed along the road the insects continually rose in a
swarm, resembling a swarm of large bees. The ground on either side
of the road was pitted with the holes of the pupae, and the empty
pupal cases clung in dozens to every plant and shrub. In the evening
the noise near the trees was deafening. The imagines were about
two inches long, colored yellow with red markings, but unfortunately
1 was unable to identify the species. On being disturbed they squirted
a clear white fluid from the abdomen. If a drop of this entered the
eye it caused smarting and irritation. In «pite of this dogs, cats and
chickens all eat them with relish. At about the end of June they began
to die off and the ground under the trees was littered with their
bodies. Some of the smaller trees were so damaged by their attacks
that they lost their leaves. — F. B. SCOTT in Entom., London, April, 1919.
Changes of Address.
CHARLES W. LENG, Secretary of the New York Entomological So-
ciety and Research Associate in the American Museum of Natural
History, has been appointed Director of the Museum of the Staten
Island Institute of Arts and Sciences.
Yd. XXX ] KXTOMOLCKUCAL XK\VS. 23 1
EDMUND H. GIIIMIX has resigned his position with the U. S. Bureau
of Entomology and is entering upon a new field of endeavor for him-
self. Believing that entomology can be put on a dignified professional
business basis the same as law, medicine, engineering, etc., he is taking1
the initial step and believes that after a certain amount of pioneering
work the field should open up to other entomologists. Mr. Gibson's
headquarters, for the time being, will be Alexandria, Virginia. His
professional card is worded "Consulting Entomologist and Agricul-
tural Engineer."
Prof. Bruner's Retirement.
Prof. Lawrence Burner, eminent for his work on Orthoptera of
North, Central and South America, has retired from active charge of
the department of entomology in the University of Nebraska, accord-
ing to Science for August 30, 1919. 'Myron H. Swenk succeeds him
in this office and in that of State Entomologist.
Memorials to the late F. D. Godman.
Memorials in the form of a bronze tablet, with medallion portraits
of Dr. Godman and his lifelong associate, Osbert Salvin, to be placed
in the Natural History Museum at South Kensington, and of a "God-
man Memorial Exploration Fund" are planned, according to the same
number of Science. The initiative for the tablet is due to a committee
of which Lord Rothschild is chairman ; the Fund has its beginning in
an offer of £5000 from Dame Alice Godman and her two daughters.
Contributions received by the Committee over and above the amount
required for the tablet will be added to the exploration fund.
The committee will welcome the co-operation of Americans. Con-
tributions should be sent to Mr. C. E. Fagan, honorary treasurer, God-
man Memorial Fund, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, Lon-
don, S. W. 7.
Notes on the Occurrence of Schizax senex in California (Col.,
Cerambycidae).
The fascination of the deserts of Southern California which leads
visitors to her grim fastnesses to a longing to return again and again,
is particularly strong to the entomologist who revels in the strange
fauna as well as the glowing sunsets with their ever changing colors
and mysterious sjiadows. Like the prospecting "desert rat," who
fares forth in search of mineral wealth, the collector of insects is
constantly buoyed up by the hope of a lucky strike. New species may
be found and rare treasures of insect life lure one back to ano'lu-r
camp in some still unexplored canyon.
From the glowing coals of a mesquite camp fire near Palm Spring
I was led to the discovery of a rare cerainbycid which I do not find
232 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., 'iCJ
recorded from California previously. Large brush piles furnished a
plentiful supply of fuel and led me to take a few sticks home to try
its burning qualities in a stove. These sticks laid in the wood shed
until December, when I tried splitting one of the sticks and greatly
to my surprise found neatly packed away in a cell next to the outer
bark a beetle new to my experience. This stranger turned out to be
Schizax scncx Lee., previously recorded from Arizona.
The galleries a'nd cells of Schizax were most numerous in the limbs
ranging in size from one-half to one inch in diameter. The cells
were very little larger than the gallery and extended to the thin outer
bark. In December there were both pupae and adults in the cells, but
in February all were adults fully matured and with normal coloring.
Other mesquite brush heaps of the same age about four miles distant
showed no signs of Schizax borings, though the first pile yielded about
fifty pairs. From the above I am inclined to think that this beetle is
local in occurrence.
From some of these infested boughs which I took home and placed
in a cage (home was then in Pasadena) the beetles emerged from
March 3 to 25. — J. O. MARTIN, Berkeley, California.
Hntomological Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.
Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects,
however, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be re-
corded.
The numbers in Heavy- Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered
in the following list, in which the papers are published.
All continued papeis, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their
first installments.
The records of papers containing new genera or species occurring north
of Mexico are all grouped at the end of each Order of which they treat.
For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record,
Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied En-
tomology, Series A. London. For records of papers on Medical Ento-
mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B.
4 — Canadian Entomologist, London, Canada. 5 — Psyche, Cam-
bridge, Mass. 7 — Annals of The Entomological Society of Amer-
ica, Columbus, Ohio. 9 — The Entomologist, London. 12 — Journal
of Economic Entomology, Concord, N. H. 13 — rjournal of Ento-
mology and Zoology, Claremont, Calif. 16 — The Lepidopterist,
Salem, Mass. 17 — Lepidoptera, Boston, Mass. 20 — Bulletin de la
Societe Entomologique de France, Paris. 21 — The Entomologist's
Record, London. 33 — Annales de la Societe Entomologique de
Belgique, Brussels. 34 — Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de
Belgique, Brussels. 35 — Proceedings of the South London Ento-
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
233
mological £ Natural History Society, London. 36— Transactions of
the Entomological Society of London. 50— Proceedings of the
United States National Museum, Washington. 52— Zoologischer
Anzeiger, Leipsic. 54 — Proceedings of the Biological Society of
Washington, D. C. 68— Science, Lancaster, Pa. 71— Novitates
Zoologicae, Tring, Englanad. 76— Nature, London. 77— Comptes
Rendus des Seances de la Societe de Biologic, Paris. 78 — Bulletin
Biologique de la France et de la Belgique, Paris. 82 — The Ohio
Journal of Science, Columbus. 98 — Annals of Tropical Medicine
and Parasitology, Liverpool. 99— Bulletin du Museum National
d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
GENERAL. Cockayne, E. A. — The relation between the sec-
ondary sexual characters and the gonads and accessory sexual
glands in insects. 36, 1916, 336-42. Cockerell, T. D. A.— The varia-
tions of insects. 4, 1919, 121-3. Collinge, W. E.— Wild birds and
distasteful insect larvae. 76, ciii, 404, 483. Crampton, G. C. — A
phylogenetic study of the mesothoracic terga and wing bases in
Hymenoptera, Neuroptera, etc. 5, xxvi, 58-64. Escherich, K.—
Zeitschrift fur angewandte entomologie, IV, Heft 3. Ford, H. D.
-Mould on insects. 9, 1919, 167. Krecker, F. H.— The fauna of
rock bottom ponds. 82, xix, 427-74. Labitte, A. — Resistance vitale
de quelques larves d'insectes. 99, 1917, 399-400. Moignic & Norero
— Recherches sur la distribution dans le poumon des huiles in-
jectees par la trachee. 77, Ixxxii, 1002-4. Rabaud, E. — L'immobili-
sation reflexe et 1'activite normale des arthropodes. 78, liii, 1-149.
Rothschild, L. — On the naming of local races, subspecies, aberra-
tions, seasonal forms, etc. 36, 1918. 115-16. Schunk, C. A. — For-
maldehyde for "mould" on insects. 9, 1919, 137-8. Speyer, E. R.—
Wild birds and distasteful insect larvae. 76, ciii, 445-6.
PHYSIOLOGY, GENETICS, ETC. Bridges & Mohr— The
inheritance of the mutant character "Vortex" (Genetics, iv, 283-
:!()(»). Gowen, J. W. — A biometrical study of crossing over . . .
in the third chromosome of Drosophila (Genetics, iv, 205-250).
Mohr, O. L. — Character changes caused by mutation of an entire
region of a chromosome in Drosophila (Genetics, iv, 275-282).
ARACHNIDA & MYRIAPODA. Brolemann, H. W.— Quelques
indices devolution chez les Myriapodes (Trav. Inst. Zool. Univ.
Montpellier, Mem. No. 28). Clayton, F. — Mimicry in spiders
(Jour. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., xxvi, 302-3). Houssay, B. A.-^
Action physiologique du venin des scorpions (Buthus quinque-
striatus et Tityus haliiciiM's ) (Jour. Phys. Path. Gen., xviii, 305-317).
Leitao, M.- Dra^s, ulrns do Brasil (Arch. Esc >la Sup. \'_rr. Mod.
Voter., Nictheroy, E. do Rio, Brazil, ii, 17-75).
234 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., 'l(J
NEUROPTERA. Butterfield, W. R.— Note on Protura and how
to collect them (The Museum Journal, xviii, 196-7). Longinus
Navas, R. P. — Insecta nova [Neotropical] (Mem. Pont. Ac. Rom.
d. Nuovi Lincei, iii, 1-22). Howe, R. H.— A list of dragon-flies col-
lected at Wareham, Mass., during 1911-1913. 5, xxvi, 65-8. Roth-
schild, N. C. — Convergent development among certain ectopara-
sites. 36, 1916, cxli-clvi. Morrison, E. R. — The may-fly oviposi-
tor, with notes on Leptophlehia and Hagenulus. 4, 1919, 139-46.
ORTHOPTERA. Chopard, L.— Diagnoses d'especes nouvelles
d'Orthopteres [Neotropical]. 20, 1919, 153-4. DuPorte, E. M.—
The propleura and the pronotal sulci of the O. 4, 1919. 147-53.
de Kelper, W. — Causerie sur le grillon champetre. 34, i, 38-47.
Labitte, A. — Une extraordinaire aberration genitale d'un orthop-
tere acridide, le Pamphagnus numidicus. 99, 1917, 401. Roth, H. L.
—Observations on the growth and habits of the stick insect. Ca-
rausius morosus; intended as a contribution towards a knowledge
of variation .... 36, 1916, 345-86. Walker, E. M.— On the
male and immature state of Grylloblatta campodeiformis. 4, 1919,
131-9.
HEMIPTERA.. Drake, C. J.— On some Tingidae new to the
fauna of Canada. 4, 1919, 159-60. Moore & Hirschfelder — An in-
vestigation of the louse problem (Pediculus corporis). (Res. Pub.,
Univ. of Minnesota, viii, No. 4.) Peterson, A. — Some studies on
the eggs of important apple plant lice (New Jersey Ag. Exp. Sta.,
Bui. 332). Stoll & Shull — Sex determination in the white fly (Ge-
netics, iv, 251-260). Strindberg, H. — Zur entwicklungsgeschichte
der oviparen cocciden. 52, 1, 113-138.
Drake. C. J.— On some N. A. Tin«-idap. 82, xix. 417-21. Hart,
C. A. — The Pentatomoidea of Illinois with kev^ to the Nearctic
genera. (Illinois Nat. Hist. Survev, Bui. xi-'i, 157-223) McAtee,
W. L.— A new genus for Tettigonia tHfaschta (Euoterygidae).
54, xxxii, 121-4.
LEPIDOPTERA. Beutenmuller, W. — Catocala aspasia and va-
rieties. The larva of Melipotis jucunda. 16, iii, 110: 111. Burke,
H. E. — Notes on the California oak worm. Phrvganidia califor-
nica. 10, xxi. 124-5. Burrows, C. R. N. — Dwarf lepidoptera. 21,
1919, 89-90. Busck, A. — A microlepidopteron injurious to Avocado.
10, xxi, 125-6. Buxton, P. A. — On the protocercbrum of Microp-
teryx. 36, 1917, 112-53. Chapman, T. A.— The rein-sheath in Ple-
beiid blues. Resting attitudes in some L., examples of recapitu-
lation in habit. Micropteryx entitled to ordinal rank; Order
Vol. XXX] KXTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 235
Zeugloptera. The evolution of the habits of the larva of Lycaena
arion. 36, 1916, 297-300; 301-9; 310-14; 315-21. Further notes on
recapitulatory attitudes in L. 36, 1917, 338-48. Cockayne, E. A.
— Gynandromorphous Agriades coridon, A. coridon ah roystonen-
sis. Gynandromorphous L. 36, 1916, 243-63; 322-35. Condition
of the scales in the leaden males of Agriades thetis and other
Lycaenids. 36, 1917, 165-8. Comstock, J. A. — Collecting in the
Tehachapis. 16, iii, 112 (cont.). da Costa Lima, A. — Nota sobre
o microlepidoptero Pyroderces rileyi. (Arch. Escola Sup. Agr.
Med. Veter., Nictheroy, E. do Rio, Brazil, ii, 75-8.) Dodge, E. A.
— Catocala notes. 17, iii, 54. Durrant, J. H. — Collation of the cor-
rected genera of the Tantamen and "Verzeichniss bekannter
Schmetterlinge" of J. Hubner. (Sep. of Ent. Record, xxxi, No. ">. I
Ehrmann, G. A. — Collecting in a silent city. 17, iii, 51. French,
G. A. — Catocala ulalume, a correction. 4, 1919, 130. Gautier, C.
— Recherches physiologiques et parasilologiques sur les lepidop-
teres nuisibles. Parthenogenese chez Apanteles glomerutus. 77,
Ixxxii, 10002. Hewlett, E. P.— Notes on Samia ruhra. 17, iii.
50-1. Joicey, J. J. — On a collection of Heliconine forms from
French Guiana. 36, 1916, 412-31. Joicey & Kaye— Notes on a
large Heliconine collection made in French Guiana in 1917. 36,
1918, 347-53. Mclndoo, N. E.— The olfactory sense of lepidop-
terous larvae. 7, xii, 65-84. Merritt Hawkes, O. A. — On the fac-
tors which determine the cocoon colour of Plusia moneta and
other L. 36, 1916, 404-11. Meyrick, E.— Descriptions of So.
Am. Micro-L. 36, 1917, 1-52. Mosher, E. — Notes on lepidopter-
ous borers found in plants, with special reference to the European
corn borer. 12, xii, 258-68. Reiff, W. — Notes on [Marumba mo-
desta, Callosamia calleta, Cethosia hypsinal. 17, iii, 52-3. Roth-
schild, L. — Supplementary notes on the review of Houlbert and
Oberthur's monograph of Castniinae, by Talbot and Prout. List
of types of L. in the Tring Museum. 71, xxvi, 1-27; 193-251.
Sich, A. — A beginner's remarks on the Tortricina. 35, 1918-19, 11-
14. Smulyan, M. T. — Some observations on the webbing clothes
moth (Tineola biselliella). 5, xxvi, 71-3. Talbot, G. — Review of a
monograph of the "Castniinae." 71, xxvi, 28-35. Traver, J. R.—
Ecological relations of the lepidopterous genus Depressaria. 5,
xxvi, 73-80. Turati, C. E.— Variabilita del Parnassius apollo pumi-
lus. E ricerche sull'origine dei Parnassius. (Atti Soc. Italiana.
Sci. Nat. . . . Milano, Ivii, 29-89.) Turner, A. J.— Observation^
on the lepidopterous family Cossidae, and on the classification of
the L. 36, 1918, 155-90.
Swett & Cassino — Some new Geometrids. 16, iii, 105-10.
23 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. | ( )Ct., '19
DIPTERA. Cockerell, T. D. A.— Glossina and the extinction of
tertiary mammals. 76, ciii, 265. Evans, A. M.— On the genital
armature of the female tsetse-flies (Glossina). 98, xiii, 31-56.
Hawley, I. M. — A note on temperature in relation to Sciara copro-
phila. 12, xii, 271. Lamb, C. G.— Falkland Islands D. 38, 1916,
387-95. McColloch, J. W. — Variations in the length of the flaxseed
stage of the hessian fly. 12, xii, 252-5. Metcalf, C. L.— A proposed
nomenclature for the parts of the posterior respiratory apparatus
of dipterous larvae ... 5, xxvi, 54-8. Weiss, H. B.— Notes on
the early stages and larval locomotion of Leia vivittata. 5, xxvi,
80-2.
Dietz, W. G. — The Streptocera group of the dipterous genus
Tipula. 7, xi, 85-94. Greene, C. T. — A new genus in Scatopha-
gidae. 10, xxi, 126-9. Hine, J. S. — Robber flies of the genus Erax.
7, xi, 103-58. Malloch, J. R.— Two new N. A. Anthomyiidae. 54,
xxxii, 133-4. Parker, R. R. — North American Sarcophagidae : Flies
of the genus Metoposarcophaga. 4, 1919, 154-8.
COLEOPTERA. Blatchley, W. S.— Change of name (Serica
carinata Blatch. to S. evidens n. n.). 4, 1919, 153. Bordas, L.—
Nouvelles observations sur 1'appareil digestif des Cetoninae. (Bui.
Soc. Zool. France, Paris, xlii, 7-12.). Bugnion, E. — Le ver luisant
provencal. 77, Ixxxii, 994-99. Burke, H. E. — Notes on a cocoon
making Colydiid. 10, xxi, 123-4. Champion, G. C. — On new and
little-known Lagriidae and Pedilidae [some neotropical]. 36, 1916,
1S1-242. On new and little known Lagriidae from Tropical Amer-
ica. 36, 1917. 169-267. Claassen, P. W. — Life history and biologi-
cal notes on Chlaenius impunctifrons (Carabidae). 7, xi, 95-102.
Dury, C. — A new Ciside genus with n. sp. from Manitoba. 4, 1919,
158. Kerremans, C. — Descriptions de Buprestides nouveaux [neo-
tropical in part]. 33, lix, 41-62. Mellerio, A. — Observations bio-
logiques faites sur quelques insectes coleopteres. 99, 1918, 418-19.
Muir, F. — Notes on the ontogeny and morphology of the male
genital tube in C. 36, 1918, 223-29. Peschet, R. — Description d'un
Dytiscidae nouveau de 1'Amerique du Sud. 20, 1919, 145-7. Pic,
M. — Nouveaux C. exotiques [Neotropical in part]. 99, 1917, 258-63.
Sharp, D. — Studies in Rhynchophora. IV. A preliminary note on
the male genitalia. 36, 1918, 209-22. Tower, W. L.— Mechanism
of evolution in Leptinotarsa. (Carnegie Inst. Wash., Pub. No.
263. 382 pp.).
HYMENOPTERA. Bodkin, G. E.— Notes on some British
Guiana H. (exclusive of the Formicidae). 36, 1917, 297-321. Brues,
C. T.— Note on the genus Liobracon, with the description of a n.
Vol. XXX ] KXTO.M OLOCIC'AL XKYVS. 237
sp. [Neotropical]. 5, xxvi, 68-71. Cockerell, T. D. A.— The anti-
quity of the Ichneumonidae. 9, 1919, l:M-:.>. Crampton, G. C.—
The genitalia and terminal abdominal structures of males, and the
terminal abdominal structures of the larvae of "Chalastogastrous"
Hymenoptera. 10, xxi, 129-55. Lichtenstein & Picard — Etude
morphologique et biologique du Sycosoter lavagnei. Hecabolide
parasite de 1'Hypoborus ficus. (Trav. Inst. Zool. Univ. Mont-
pellier, Mem. No. 29.). Morice & Durrant — Further notes on the
"Jurinean" genera of H., . . . 36, 1916, 4.'i2-42. Reymond, R. B.
— Ueber den gang mit kunstlichen beinen. (Archiv. f. Anat. u.
Phys., 1917, Phys. Abt., 222-244.). Rohwer, S. A.— Description of a
new Cynipoid from Trinidad. 10, xxi, 156. Sladen, F. W. L.—
Notes on the Canadian representatives of British species of bees.
4, 1919, 124-30. The stinging instinct in bees and wasps. 76, ciii,
325. Turner, R, E.— New sp. of H. in the British Museum [some
Neotropical]. 36, 1917, 53-84. Wheeler, W. H. — [List of the] ants
from the Claremont laguna region. 13, xi, 38.
Cushman, R. A. — Descriptions of new No. Am. Ichneumon-flies.
50, Iv, 517-43. Gahan, A. B. — Some chalcid wasps reared from ceci-
domyid galls. 7, xi, 159-70. A new sp. of the Serphidoid genus
Dendrocerus. 10, xxi, 121-3. Rohwer, S. A. — Descriptions of four
new parasitic H. 4, 1919, 160-2.
REPORT OF THE IMPERIAL ENTOMOLOGIST, 1917-1918. By T. BAIN-
BRIGGE FLETCHER. Calcutta, Supt. Gov't. Printing, India, 1918. (From
Scientific Repts. Agr. Res. Inst., Pusa, 1917-18, pp. 84-116, pis. iii-xx.)
—In addition to dealing with the insect pests of cotton, rice, sugarcane,
indigo, mulberry, fruit, stored grain, wood and lantana, with insecti-
cides, bees, lac and silk, this report tells a familiar story of insufficient
assistance and funds, of growing collections and the difficulty of caring
fur them. The definitely named species in the collection at Pusa have
increased from 2221 in 1908 to 6471 in 1918, the Lepidoptera and Cole-
optera heading the list in point of numbers.
STUDIES ON THE FRUIT-FLIES OF JAPAN. T. JAPANESE ORANGE-FLY, by
Dr. TSCNKKATA MIYAKE Government Entomologist. (From Bulletin
Imp. Cent. Agr. Exper. Sta. Japan, II, 2, pp. 85-165, pis. ii-x.) X'ishi-
gahara, Tokyo, Feb., 1919. — An elaborate account of the external and
internal structure of the various stages of DCICHS tsunamis n. sp. (/'.
ferrugineus Kuwana, nee Fabricius), its life history and habits, the
methods of control, and descriptions of five other new Japanese spe-
cies of Trypaneidae. The beautiful plates illustrate all of these topirs.
'238 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., '19
Doings of Societies.
Feldman Collecting Social.
Meeting held April 16, 1919, at the residence of H. W. Wenzel. 5614
Stewart Street, Philadelphia. Seven members present, Pres. H. W.
Wenzel in the chair.
Mr. Ernest Baylis, of Frankford, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was
elected a member.
Diptera. Mr. Hornig said that Acdes canadcnsis Theob. is now on
the wing, taking at this time of the year 31 days to mature from the
egg, while at the height of the season it will take about n days.
Coleoptera. Mr. Geo. M. Greene recorded seeing Hydrous triangu-
laris Say at light during the evening of April 8th, and the next day
Creophilus villosus Grav. and Platynns cupripennis Say on the side-
walk. Mr. H. W. Wenzel mentioned some new varieties of Cychnis
lately named, after which there was a general discussion on the genus.
Mr. H. A. Wenzel exhibited a large series of Hylecoctcs lugubris Say
which he had collected at West Overbrook, Pennsylvania, IV- 13 and 14
in a poplar log which he supposed had been dead about a year. The
bark was slightly loose and in the sap beneath had found the beetles,
just ready to emerge. They bore in the wood similarly to Scolytids,
but one peculiarity was noted on the specimens of the wood shown — it
is vertically grooved and ridged alternately and all the beetles had
emerged (as far as they had gone when found) through the ridges
and none in the grooves, though by coming through the latter they
world have had less wood to bore through. The sexes are quite
unlike and the males have wonderfully feathered palpi which are
much larger than the antennae — GEORGE M. GREENE, Secretary.
Meeting of May 21, 1919, at the same place. Ten members were
present, Dr. J. C. Bradley, of Cornell University, and Mr. John H.
Hodgins, of this city, visitors. President H. W. Wenzel in the chair.
Dr. Bradley detailed collecting trips he had taken to the canons of
the Colorado Desert, Southern California, in December, 1917, and
March, 1918.
Coleoptera. Dr. Castle read a letter from Mr. Leng, dated April 7,
saying he had seen the records in the minutes of the January meeting,
published in Ent. News xxx, p. 120, 1919, relative to Scaphinotus
riding ni Bland. He enclosed a separate in which he described this
form which should be S. ridingsii monongahelae Leng. Dr. Castle
also had a newspaper clipping from "The San Francisco Examiner,"
M?rrh 16. 1919, on "Experts hunt winter home of ladybirds," in which
was described the manner of collecting the Coccinellids in winter time
after they hibernate in great numbers under the pine needles at the
snow line in the mountains of California. These are placed in cold
storage and later liberated in the orange groves to destroy the aphids
Y6l. XXX] K.VfoMOLOGICAL NEWS. 239
upon which they feed. Mr. Hornig said since catching Carabus ncmo-
ralls Mull, in Germantown, Philadelphia, he buried on May i6th a
saucer containing molasses in his yard and the next morning had one
specimen and since then has taken some each day. Mr. H. W. Wenzel
said, in continuation of his son's communication of last meeting on
• Hylecoctus lugiib/is Say, that his specimens were found just emerging
on April I3th and I4th, and Say in his description of this species
says it was caught flying in the vicinity of New Harmony, Indiana, on
April i6th. Mr. Geo. M. Greene exhibited Liodes basalis LeC. from
Wissahickon Creek at Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, V-ig-'ig, from de-
cayed wood, E.voinius pellucidus Boh., same place and date, running
on the ground, and Hoplia trifasciata Say (all males), same place, V-
H-'IQ, on nettle and specimens of the last species from Falls Church,
Virginia, V-20-'i7 (also all males).
Diptera. Mr. Hornig stated that he had recorded Aedcs curriei
.Coq. as new to this locality and now it has almost disappeared and in
its place is A. onondayensis Knab and Dyar; the imagoes are
difficult to distinguish, but the larvae are very different. Mr. Geo.
M. Greene exhibited Straiizia hngipcnnis Wied. from Wissahickon
Creek at Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, V-14 and V-19-'19.
Hymenoptera. Mr. Baylis exhibited a specimen of I'espa crabro
Linn, which he had found dead at Frankford, Philadelphia, V-iS-'ip.
Lepidoptera. Mr. Geo. M. Greene recorded Anthocharis gcnutia
Fabr., both sexes, common, flying along the Wissahickon Creek at
Germantown, Philadelphia, V-5-'ip. — GEO. M. GREENE, Secretary.
American Entomological Society.
Meeting of February 27, 1919, in the hall of The Academy of Nat-
ural Sciences of Philadelphia. Fifteen persons present, Vice-Presi-
dent Rehn presiding.
Coleoptera. .Mr. Laurent exhibited Alaus oculatus Linn, and full
grown larva of same, the latter taken from the roots of common silver
maple at Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, Pa., February I2th. Stated that he
has taken imagoes of this species in May, June, July and August.
Lepidoptera. Mr. Baylis exhibited an odd light form of Mcliiacn
phaeton Drury which he collected in Philadelphia, June 29, 1918. The
differences from the common type are more noticeable on the under
side of the hind wings.
Diptera. Mr. Baylis exhibited a Tipulid which had been impressed
in paper apparently when the paper was made. Mr. Hornig said he
had seen Chironomus flying yesterday over water in Germantown,
Philadelphia.
Orthoptera. Mr. Rehn made some remarks on the Acridid genus
Dcrotmcma which he had been studying. The speaker discussed the
area of distribution of the genus, the various forms, and the charac-
240 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [Oct., 'lO
ters of chief use in separating them, as well as their respective areas
of distribution and some of the questions of synonymy involved. The
results of his work have been reached after examining over eight
hundred specimens of the genus. The distributions were shown by
means of a blackboard sketch and their habitats by lantern slides.
General. Mr. Cresson exhibited a copy of Say's "American Ento-
mology," his first attempt, published in 1817, containing six plates.
There is only one other copy known. The regular edition of this work
is dated 1824. Also a copy of Say's "Descriptions of new species of
North American Insects," most of which had previously been pub-
lished in the Disseminator.
Meeting of April 24, igig, in the same place; ten persons present.
President Dr. Skinner presiding.
Mr. W. J. Coxey, of Camden, New Jersey, was elected a member.
Orthoptera. Mr. Rehn made some remarks, illustrated by speci-
mens and a map, on the distribution of certain species and races of
the genera Mestobregma and Metator. The effectiveness of the Rocky
Mountains as a barrier in controlling the distribution of insects was
discussed.
Diptera. Mr. Geo. M. Greene recorded seeing a specimen of Calli-
ccra johnsoni Hunter flying in West Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, in
the morning of April 21 St.— GEO. M. GREENE, Recording Secretary.
Entomological Section, Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia.
Meeting of March 27, 1919, nine persons present; in the absence of
the Director and Vice-Director Dr. Skinner presided.
W. J. Coxey, of Camden, New Jersey, and R. L. Haines, of Moores-
town, New Jersey, were elected member and contributor respectively.
Lepidoptera. Mr. West exhibited the larvae of Catocala rcticta
Wlk. from Philadelphia, VI-3O-'i3, and C. aspasia Strcck. from Phila-
delphia, VI-2i-'i3. Dr. Skinner remarked on the genus saying many
people had been interested in it and had bred the species and lately
the interest has been renewed by the memoir published by the Amer-
ican Museum of Natural History; he expects that the various forms
will finally be placed in the near future. Dr. Skinner exhibited I'yra-
ineis carve LIubn. and the aberration iimclleri Letch., the latter col-
lected at Los Angeles, California, VII-6-'i3, by V. Duran ; also an
aberration of Aryynnis inyriiia Cram, from Glenside, Pennsylvania,
and a peculiar 9 of Colius curydicc Boisd. from Topango Canyon.
Los Angeles County, California, VIII-6-'i4, collected by V. Duran.
General. Mr. Rehn exhibited the differences between the German
Zeiss binocular microscope (duplicated in America by the Bausch and
Lomb Co.) and the American Spencer, saying the latter is the more
satisfactory and far superior to the other. — GKO. M. GKKKXK. Recorder.
TO STUDENTS
OF NORTH AMERICAN COLEOPTERA
Realizing the great desire of all students of our Beetles to possess
the various papers of Dr. Le Conte, F. E. Melsheimer, S. S. Haldeman,
W. F. Rogers, P. R. Uhler, and D. Ziegler, originally published in
the now almost unobtainable Volumes 1-8 of Proceedings of Academy
of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1843 to 1856, Mr. Laurence R.
Reynolds and Mr. Sherman are considering the reprinting of these
papers on Coleoptera, 58 titles in all, embracing about 500 pages of
text with 2 plates. The eight complete volumes in question would
easily bring $100.00 if they could be obtained by themselves.
It is propo?ed to furnish the above articles on Coleoptera in about
30 separate papers, preserving the original pagination, with date and
place of publication on each. The important Melsheimer descriptions
of some 600 new species presented in seven different issues, of Vol-
umes 2 and 3, and which were never issued as author's separates, will
be printed in one paper of about 132 pages, with separate cover.
In addition to the papers from these eight volumes of the Proceed-
ings of the Philadelphia Academy, there will be included in this col-
lection reprints of Dr. Le Conte's second paper on N. A. Coleoptera
— '"Some new and interesting Insects inhabiting the United States,"
7 pages and plate, originally published in Boston Journal of Natural
History, 1844, and of the same writer's "Remarks on the Coleoptera
of Lake Superior" (1850, with 44 pages and plate) and "List of the
Coleoptera of Vancouver Island" (1869, 17 pages). No author's sep-
arates of either of the last two papers were distributed, while both
are very vamable and important in taxonomic studies.
Provided 50 subscriptions for the above series of reprints, at $25.00
/',T set, can be secured, Mr. Sherman will proceed at once with this
undertaking. Ther° is little doubt that at least this number of sub-
scriptions will be forthcoming, but in case they are not secured by
November I, 1919, all money will be returned on that date.
In PRESS
The North American Species of Coelambus
By H. C. Fall
A full account of our species of this difficult genus with synoptic
table of the 37 species, of which 14 are described for the first time.
Price $1.00
All subscriptions and remittances for above reprints and for Dr.
Full's paper should be sent promptly to
JOHN D. SHERMAN, JR.,
24 Claremont Ave., Mount Vernon, New York
The present opportunity is taken advantage <>f by Mr. Sherman to
state that Mr. Lena's "LIST OF THE COLEOPTERA OF \oKTH
AMERICA," now in the printer's hands, will in all probability be
issued before December i. KJKI. Price $7.50. unbound.
NEW ARRIVALS
From Columbia, So. America :
OVER 10,000 BUTTERFLIES, INCLUDING
Morpho cypris Morpho amathonte
" sulkowskyi Caligo spp.
From Cuba :
1500 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
Papilio columbus
u andraemon
" celadon
devilliersi
u
From Venezuela :
Over 5000 Lepidoptera
200 Dynastes hercules
Urania boisduvali
Erinyis guttalaris
Protoparce brontes, etc.
From New Guinea :
2000 Coleoptera
200 Orthoptera
From Assam, India :
1200 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
Papilio arcturus Kallima inachis
philoxentis Brahmaea wallachi
And Many Other Showy Species
u
From Tibet (Bhutan)
Armandia lidderdalii Parnassius hardwicki
CATALOGUES OF
ENTOMOLOGICAL SUPPLIES AND SPECIMENS
ON APPLICATION
If interested kindly send your list of desiderata for further information to
THE KNY-SCHEERER CORPORATION
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NOVEMBER, 1919.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
Vol. XXX.
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Thaddeus William Harris
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01919
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ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
AND
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VOL. XXX.
NOVEMBER, 1919.
No. 9.
CONTENTS:
Van Dyke— A few Observations on the
Tendency of Insects to Collect ou
Ridges and Mountain Snowfields.. 241
Barnes and Lindsey — A New Geomet-
rid from Arizona ( Lepid.) 245
McAtee— Notes on two Miridae, Camp-
tobrochis and Paracalocoris (Het.) 246
Skinner — An Interesting Gynandro-
morphic Butterfly (Lepid., Rhop.) 247
Van Duzee — Two New Asyndetus with
a Table of the North American spe-
cies ( Dolichopodidae, Diptera) 248
Chalcid Travels Through Blackbird
( Hym ) 250
Weiss— Tinea cloacella Haworth bred
from Fungi (Lepid. ) 251
Bryant— Richness of Borneo in Coleop-
tera 252
Goe — Life History and Habits of Sil-
pha inaequalis Fab. (Coleop. ) 253
Howard —On the Hymenopterous Para-
sites of Kermes ( Horn., Coccidae) 255
Morrison — Appended Note to preced-
ing ;•••• 258
Braun — Notes on Cosmopterygidae,
with Descriptions of new Genera
and Species ( Microlepidoptera). .. 260
Editorial— The Use of the Term Larva 265
Entomological Literature 266
Moore and Hirschfelder — An Inves-
tigation of the Louse Problem 270
Ruggles — Seventeenth Report of the
State Entomologist of Minnesota.. 270
A few Observations on the Tendency of Insects to
Collect on Ridges and Mountain Snowfields.
By EDWIN C. VAN DYKE, Berkeley, California.
The article on the insect life of high altitudes,* recently
contributed to this journal by Dr. L. O. Howard, has tempted
me to add a few more notes on the same subject from my
own field experiences.
While collecting in the high Cascades and Sierra Nevadas,
I have found at times, particularly during the early summer
when insect life was most abundant, that my most profitable
work could be done above the normal line of vegetation. On
the snow fields insects were to be found either running over
those portions adjacent to the bare rocks and ground or more
or less widely scattered over the face of the ice at higher
levels. On the bare peaks and rocky ridges other- insects were
also to be found.
* "A Note on Insects Found on Snow at Hiph Elevations," by T.. ' >
Howard, Kntom. \Y\v^. Y<>1. xxix, \i>. m (Dec., i'»iX), p. ^75
241
242 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., 'iQ
On our higher mountains as well as in the far north the
summer advances rapidly and insect life as a consequence
appears with a rush. Insects will always be found following
close upon the retreating snow. On the moist earth, just be-
low the lower margins of the rapidly melting snow fields,
numerous predaceous Coleoptera, such as the smaller Cara-
bidae and Staphilinidae as well as small Diptera, can be found.
These insects and numerous spiders become very active during
the warmer parts of the day and their peregrinations are
often extended during this time over the adjacent snowfields
and sometimes for considerable distances. One summer I
found certain species of Platynus and Bembidium so numer-
ous along the lower margins of the snow on Mt. Lyell that I
was kept busy for quite a time gathering them in. This same
tendency of the smaller Coleoptera to run out over the snow-
fields was also noted later when on Mt. Rainier and on the
mountains of the Aleutian Islands.
On the snowfields at higher levels, chiefly those on favorable
exposures, other insects were to be noted. These were of mis-
cellaneous types, such as are normally to be found flying
about the trees and over the grassy slopes of the mountains at
lower altitudes, and were no doubt carried upwards by the
gradually rising currents of air. Becoming tired or somewhat
chilled as they were wafted over the icy slopes, they were
impelled to settle, when they soon became benumbed and ulti-
mately frozen. On the west slopes of Mt. Rainier during the
middle of July, 1905, I often amused myself by traveling
over the lower snowfields looking for the unlucky derelicts.
The insects which I found were of all orders, Hymenoptera,
Diptera, Lepidoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera. Of the
Hymenoptera I remember particularly the Ichneumonidae and
Formicidae, particularly the large wood ants of the genus
Camponotus. Of the Hemiptera I secured several Cicadidae,
many Pentatomidae and Coreidae and noted remains of nu-
merous Miridae, which last, because of their frail nature, had
so rapidly disintegrated that they were not worth picking up.
Of the Coleoptera there were many Cerambycidae, both day
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL XI-.WS 243
and night-flying species, a few Buprestidae, numerous Chry-
somelidae, Byrrhidae, Coccinellidae and Scarabaeidae, and
some Elateridae, Rhynchophora and other miscellaneous
groups. Some of the specimens were merely benumbed, oth-
ers quite dead, while still others were badly disintegrated. The
more recent arrivals were on the surface of the snow, but
those which had been trapped earlier were sometimes several
inches below the surface, at the bottom of small shafts, where
the heat of their bodies, or the greater amount of heat at-
tracted by their darker coloring, had caused them to be de-
posited by the more rapid melting of the snow in their im-
mediate neighborhood. On the snowfields in the Sierras the
same thing has been observed. In fact, so general is this con-
dition during the early summer months that it is wise for col-
lectors planning work in the high mountains to make arrange-
ments to take advantage of this. One's eyes should always
be protected by smoked glasses and the face blackened as the
glare of the snow on bright days is very intense. The insects
are very conspicuous against the white background, so are
easily seen and besides contain many prizes. One may also
often have the good fortune to appear upon the scene soon
after a mountain storm, when the booty will sometimes be
very great. These high winds sometimes lift up hosts of
many of the more powerful flying insects and leave them
chilled and stranded on the icy slopes of the higher mountains.
The alpine butterfly, Ocucis h-allda Mead, has several times
been found so distributed on the high mountains of the south-
ern Sierras.
About the bare peaks and ridges insects are also quite evi-
dent. Here, however, they are alive and active. Certain
kinds even seem to have a particular liking for such localities,
as for instance among the Diptera, the Bombylidae, Syrphidae
and Tachinidae. Among the butterflies several species have
also been noted which seem to take delight in seeking the
highest points of the ridges. Papilla zolicaon I'.oi^d. is one of
these, and the alpine species of Picris also favor such place-
The peaks are also favorite congregating regions for vast
quantities of Coccinellidae, especially Ifi^mlaniia ~>-si</n<it<t
244 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., 'iQ
Kirby, though a few Cocinclla monticola Muls. are often as-
sociated with them, and multitudes of the winged ants of the
genus Camponotits. The lady beetles and the ants finally
perish in such places and through the succeeding years often
form considerable accumulations in .the crevices of the rocks.
This was noted on the summits of the Tatoosh Range in the
Cascades, also on Mt. Tallac and other peaks of the Sierras.
Though this tendency of the Coccinellidae to collect on the
exposed peaks is injurious to their race and might be classed
as a pathological condition, the beetles do have a normal con-
gregating instinct which, when directed to more favorable
localities, as in sheltered valleys and lower ranges, is a benefit.
This normal habit of congregating for purposes of hibernating
is however not peculiar to the lady beetles. Among the Cole-
optera it is almost equally common among certain Chrysome-
lidae and Rhynchophora and is to be found also among the
Hemiptera. In fact, the custom of certain species of Cocci-
nellidae, Chrysomelidae and Rhynchophora to seek the up-
lands and tops of the lower ridges of certain parts of Califor-
nia as winter approaches has been so well known to certain
entomologists that they purposely do much of their winter
collecting in such places. In the clefts of the rocks along the
crest of the San Bruno hills, which form the southern bound-
ary of San Francisco County, we have often found during the
winter months fair assemblages of such beetles as Hippo-
damia convergcns Guer., Dison\c!ia maritiina Mann, and Cas-
sida nigripes Oliv., and at the bases of the rocks Notiophilns
scmiopacus Esch. and Amara aurata Dej. Several of these are
only to be found at other times of the year as isolated
specimens and never on the ridges. On Mt. Tamalpais. just
across the Golden Gate from San Francisco, winter colonies
of Phagiodcra prasinclla Lee. and Sitones sordidus Lee. can
always be found and T have noted various small colonies of
similar beetles on the Berkeley hills as well as on the hills
near Los Angeles. The list of species which congregate in
various places for purposes of hibernation or aestivation is
really quite extensive.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 245
A New Geometric! from Arizona (Lepid.).
I'.y \Y.M. BARNES, M.D. & A. \V. LINDSEY, I'n.D., Decatur.
Illinois.
In the "Novitates Zoologicae" XXV, p. 376, under his new
genus Anurapteryx, Sir George F. Hampson mentions an un-
described species of which 1 )r. McDunnough has informed
him. The species is represented in the Barnes collection by
two females, from which we have drawn up the following
description.
Anurapteryx crenulata sp. nov.
Vestiture of head and thorax luteous with the scales dark gray
near the tips. Front paler. Antennae brown with luteous scales
above, powdered with gray scales and obscurely annulate toward base.
Abdomen luteous, powdered with gray. Under surface similar.
Primaries above pinkish luteous with a broad transverse median
band heavily powdered with dark gray scales, widest from cubitus to
costa, constricted behind cubitus, and widened again just before inner
margin. Outer margin of band scalloped, inner very indefinite. Basal
area paler, powdered with gray. Median band followed by a narrow
band of the ground color, which is the most conspicuous feature of
the wing. This band shades into fuscous toward the s. t. line. There
is a subterminal series of slightly paler lunules, outwardly edged with
dark gray. Terminal area and fringes concolorous with lunules, cut
by ground color at veins. Veins alternately marked with dark gray
and pinkish luteous. Entire wing with obscure, slender, powdery,
transverse lines, outwardly scalloped, which may be so indistinct as
to give it a strigate appearance. Under surface with the outer mar-
gin of the median band distinctly marked; basal half grayish. Sub-
lerminal dark shade visible, terminal area pale, sharply separated
from dark shade on the crenulate s. t. line.
Secondaries: Basal half powdered with gray, this area terminating
in an irregular dark line which is lost toward the costa. Beyond this
the wing is similar to the primaries, but a little more pinkish and
more evenly powdered. Under surface with dark line reproduced.
Terminal half of wing powdered with gray except near dark line.
Veins as above. Entire wing a little more pinkish than the primaries.
The crenulate lines of the paratype are less definite than
those of the type, giving the specimen a regularly strigate
appearance, and there are a few other minor differences in
the markings. The species differs from hcckcri Druce (Biol.
246 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., '19
Cent. Am., Lep. Het. PI. 98, fig. i) in the conspicuous trans-
verse band of the primaries, equally pale throughout its length,
and the absence of the yellow shade of the secondaries.
Type i 5 , Paradise, Arizona, July. Paratype i 5 , Palmer-
lee, Arizona. Both in coll. Barnes, Decatur, 111.
Hampson includes Amtraptery.v in the family Sematuridae.
According to Forbes it falls in the sub-family Coronidiinae
of the Geometridae, (See Jn. N. Y. Ent. Soc., XXV, 47, 52,
1917). No representatives of either have previously been re-
corded from this country.
We take this opportunity to call attention also to a specimen
of Zunacetha annulata Guer. taken at San Benito, Texas, and
now in the Barnes collection. The species has not previously
been recorded north of Vera Cruz, Mexico.
Notes on two Miridae, Camptobrochis and Paraca-
locoris (Heteroptera).
By W. L. McAxEE, Washington, D. C.
Camptobrochis poecilus Reuter ms.
Specimens of Camptobrochis have been distributed under
this name by the late Otto Heidemann and, using his applica-
tion of the name, by the writer. Having collected numerous
specimens both on the food plant and in hibernation, I became
interested in finding out the true name of the bug. It soon
became apparent that Camptobrochis valid us Reuter was
rather a lost species and that the C. poecilus ms. seemed to fit
the description of validus very well. At this stage of the
study I was assisted very much by the kind loan by Mr. E. P.
Van Duzee of a specimen of C. validus determined by Reuter.
To make a long story short, it appears that Camptobrochis
poecilus Reuter ms. is the same as Camptobrochis validus var.
cunealis Renter,* originally described in part from District
of Columbia material.
The distinguishing character of the variety is the chiefly
* Bemerkungen uher Nearktische Capsiden, etc. Acta. Soc. Sci.
Fennicae, 36, No. 2, 1909, p. 59.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 247
red cuneus. From simply having the cuneus red, the form
varies in rubescence, until in extreme cases the legs chiefly
and the venter entirely are involved.
The variety hibernates in the adult stage and has been
found under bark of birch, sycamore and maple. The food
plant, or at least a food plant, is alder (Alnus rugosa), from
which at Great Falls, Virginia, nymphs were collected August
21. Associated with this Caniptobrochis were C. nebulosus
and species of L\(/ns.
Paracalocoris acceptus McAtee var. marmoratus n. var.
P-yccilocapsns marmoratus Uhler ms.
Color markings usually more extensive, and deeper than in the typi-
cal variety,* brownish black. Antennae darker, especially the third and
fourth joints; second with a distinct pale annulus just basad of middle,
two complete dark vittae along upper part of side of thorax, and a
much interrupted vitta on lower pleurae. Two short fuscous vittae on
disc of scutellum.
Type, a female from San Jose del Cabo, Lower California,
Type No. 22,592 U. S. National Museum. Four paralypes
also from Lower California (U. S. N. M.)
While on the subject of Paracalocoris it is worth noting
that /'. liiubns (loc. cit., p. 380), described from an elevation
of more than 2000 feet near Clayton, Georgia, appears to be
a mountain form, as it has subsequently been received from
Southern Pines, North Carolina, and from Mt. Tom. Massa-
chusetts.
An Interesting Gynandromorphic Butterfly (Lepid. ; Rhop.).
Master George F. Pettinos, of Merion, Pennsylvania, has recently
captured a gynandromorphic specimen of Papilio turnus. The left
hand side of the specimen has the wings normal male, and the right
side of the specimen has the wings normal male, and the right side is
black female. Mr. W. H. Kdwards in his Butterflies of \orlh
.lincrica, Vol. 2, figures a specimen in which the left wings are black
female and the right wintrs are yellow female. This is the first
specimen I have seen in which the two sides represent the male and
female. — HENRY SKINNER.
*Paracalocoris iicref^lus. McAtee, W. L., Key to the Nearctic spe-
cies of Paracalocoris. Ann. Ent. Soc. Am., Vol. 9, No. 4, Dec., !Qi6,
p. 389 [Organ Mts., N. Mex.J.
248 ENTOMOLOGICAL, NEWS [Nov., 'ig
Two New Asyndetus with a Table of the North
American Species (Dolichopodidae, Diptera).
By M. C. VAN DUZEE, Buffalo, New York.
Table of Males.
1 All tibiae partly or wholly yellow 2
Hind tibiae black , 5
2 Fore tarsi modified ; hind tibiae blackened at base 3
Fore tarsi normal; hind tibiae blackened at tip 4
3 First joint of fore tarsi incrassated ammop'hilus Loevv
Second joint of fore tarsi with a clavate, haltere-like, yellow ap-
pendage appendiculatus Loew
4 Front and face very wide and covered with silvery pojlen ; palpi
black latits V. D.
Ground color of the front and face showing through the white
pollen ; palpi rather large, white candatus V. D.
5 All tibiae black or brown . . . . f 6
Fore- tibiae yellowish, sometimes the middle ones also 9
6 Third antennal joint large, about twice as long as wide 7
Third antennal joint rather small, but little longer than wide... 8
7 Second antennal joint extending over the upper edge of third
joint to near its middle occidentalis sp. nov.
Second antennal joint not extending beyond the base of third
joint nigripes V. D.
8 Mesonotum with a brownish-dusted vitta, between two bluish gray
ones fratellus Aid.
Mesonotum not vittate inlerruptus Loew
9 Third antennal joint somewhat quadrilateral in outline 10
Third antennal joint not at all quadrilateral in outline, but with
a point or rounued at tip 12
10 Fore tibiae with only short hairs; third antennal joint but little
longer than wide cornutus V. D.
Fore tibiae with long bristle-like hairs on the whole upper surface ;
third antennal joint twice as long as wide; second joint extend-
ing to the middle of the third above, at which point the third is
attached 1 1
11 Second antennal joint ending in a rounded tip near the middle of
third joint, which is nearly straight above. .. .syntormoides Wh.
Second antennal joint ending in a sharp point at tip; upper edge
of third joint concave harbccki-i V. D.
12 Third antennal joint rounded at tip; second joint reaching the
middle of the third above loutjipalpis sp. nov.
Third antennal joint rounded below, pointed at tip 13
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 249
13 Third antennal joint notched where the arista is inserted; fore
tibiae with a row of rather long slender bristles above,
johnsoni V. D.
Third antennal joint not notched on upper edge where the arista
is inserted; fore tibiae with a row of small hair-like bristles
above or nearly bare te.ranus V. D.
Asyndetus occidentalis sp. nov.
$. Length 2.5-3 mm- Face moderately wide, a little longer than
wide, with thin white pollen, the ground color showing through.
Front a little wider than the face, shining green ; palpi and proboscis
black. Antennae black (Fig. i), not large, second joint extending
narrowly to near the center of the upper edge of third joint, at which
point the third joint is attached. Lateral and inferior orbital cilia
white, a few of the upper cilia black.
Thorax and pleurae shining green with more or less blue reflections,
in the holotype the thorax is mostly blue. Abdomen green with black
incisures and coppery reflections; hypopygium small with small
bristles.
Antennae of Asyndetus. — Fig. i, A. occidentalis male ; fig. 2, A. occidentalis female ;
fig. 3, A. nigripes female; fig. 4, A. longipalpis male.
Coxae and femora metallic green ; tibiae and tarsi black ; fore
femora with a row of black bristles below, which are not as long as
the width of the femora, outer side with rather long hairs ; fore tibiae
with a row of hair-like bristles above. Calypters and halteres whitish,
the former with white cilia.
Wings grayish; last section of fourth vein bent near its apical
third but not interrupted, beyond this bend the vein is very thin, not
much more than a fold in the wing; cross-vein far before the tip of
the first vein.
9 . Agrees with the male, except that the fore tibiae have three
small bristles and a row of short hairs above. The antennae are also
smaller than those of the male.
Described from two males and twelve females taken at Los
Ratios, California, May 22, 1918. by K. P. Van Duzee.
T\pc in the collection of the California Academy of
Sciences.
250 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., '19
The male differs from that of A. nlgnpes in the formation
of the antennae and the last portion of the fourth vein is more
slender. The female differs in the form of the antennae. Fig.
3 is the antenna of the female of nigripes, while Fig. 2, repre-
sents that of the female of occidcntalis.
Asyndetus longipalpis sp. nov.
$ . Length 3.7 mm. Face wide with silvery white pollen ; front
blue-green, the white pollen of the face extends onto the lower half of
the front. Antennae black (Fig. 4), third joint broadly rounded at
tip, attached to the second at a point near the middle of its upper
edge ; palpi nearly as long as the antennae, narrow, black, fringed
with black hairs ; upper orbital cilia black, lower whitish, becoming
longer below.
Thorax shining green with bronze reflections and with grayish pollen
along the front, which forms quite distinct vittae. Scutellum and sec-
ond abdominal segment with strong blue reflections. Abdomen green
with quite abundant white pollen ; base of segments three to five
blackish, the border of this black color and the base of the second seg-
ment coppery. Hypopygium small, in the type with one large bristle
(probably there were more but they have been broken off).
Coxae and femora black with slight green reflections ; fore femora
with a row of bristles below; middle femora with long hairs below.
Fore and middle tibiae yellow ; hind tibiae blackish ; middle and hind
tibiae each with about four bristles above, those of the middle pair
the longest. All tarsi blackish. Calypters and halteres whitish, the
former with white cilia.
Wings tinged with brown, especially in front; last section of fourth
vein broken near its second third, its last portion being entirely sep-
arated from the first; cross-vein nearly opposite the tip of the first
vein.
9. Face a little wider; palpi of the usual form, black; thorax with
three narrow coppery vittae on the dorsum ; wings less tinged with
brown.
Described from one pair taken at Puerto Barrios, Guatemala,
in March. T\pc in the author's collection.
Chalcid Travels Through Blackbird (Hym.).
At the meeting of the Entomological Society of London, held Dec.
4, 1918, the President, Dr. C. T. Gahan, exhibited a Chalcid, Torymus
elegans Borkh., which had emerged from a rosaceous seed which had
passed through the alimentary canal of a -blackbird, together with the
seed from which it had appeared. (Hnt. Mo. Mag., London, Febru-
ary, 1919.)
Vol. XXX] KNTO.Mdl.niilCAI. NKWS -'5 I
Tinea cloacella Haworth bred from Fungi (Lepid.)«
By HARRY B. WKISS, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
In Dyar's List of North American Lepidoptera (Bull. 52,
U. S. TM. M.), the distribution of Tinea cloacella is given as
follows:— "Kurope, U. S. ?" Dietz in his revision of the Tine-
iuae (Tr. Am. Ent. Soc. vol. NNNT, No. i, 1905, p. 67) writes
as follows concerning this species: "Mr. A. Busck very kindly
sent me a European specimen of this species for study and
which corresponds in all particulars with the description given
by European authors of this species. I have not seen any
species from within our faunal limits that could be recognized
as cloacella nor do I know of the existence of a well-authenti-
cated specimen anywhere. I cannot help, therefore, but to con-
sider the occurrence of cloacella in our fauna as very doubt-
ful."
At Matawan, New Jersey, on February 25, an old specimen
of Poly poms sulphureus1 Bulliard ex Fries collected from a
telegraph pole was partly broken and found to contain num-
erous, small lepidopterous larvae. The remainder of the fungus
was kept in a warm room and during the last of March and
first half of April, moths of this species2 emerged. Polyporus
tsngae Murrill ex Overholts, collected at New Brunswick,
New Jersey, is also a host of this moth as specimens emerged
from this fungus during the second week of April. The species,
therefore, hibernates as a larva and pupates during' the spring.
Of course in the warm laboratory, the moths emerged sooner
than they would have done in the field. The larvae feed in the
context of the fungus and pupate in the tubes. So as to facili-
tate the emergence of the moths, the pupae issue partly from
the lower surface of the fungus.
Poly poms tsngae occurs on or about stumps and trunks of
hemlock and pine, while Polyporus sulphureus is found on the
stumps and trunks of deciduous and coniferous trees. Ac-
cording to Von Schrenk and Spanieling (U. S. D. A. Bur.
1 Identified by Mr. Erdman West.
2 Identified by Mr. A. Busck through the courtesy of Or. I.. O.
Howard.
252 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., '19
Plant Indus. Bull. 149) Polyporus sulphureus occurs chiefly on
oaks, chestnut, maples, black walnut, butternut, alder, locust,
apple and pear and is widely distributed throughout the United
States and Canada and in most of the forest regions of Europe
where it is regarded as a destructive parasite both on deciduous
trees and conifers.
Full Gro^vn Larva. Length 6.2 mm.; width 1.4 mm. Subcylindrical ;
whitish except for head and mouth parts which are dark ; sparsely
hairy, hairs long, arising from somewhat tuberculate bases; entire
body surface covered with a fine short pile ; antenna cylindrical, two-
jointed, terminated by one long and several short hairs; ocelli lateral,
five in number, three in one group and two in the other ; dorsal sur-
face of second and third thoracic and first abdominal segments trans-
versely wrinkled ; legs whitish, terminated by strongly chitinized
hooks ; abdominal segments 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 longer than other body
segments.
Pupa. Length 5 mm., width i.i mm. Brownish, sparsely hairy;
dorsal surface of abdominal segments 3, 4, 5 and 6 bearing two trans-
verse rows of short stout spines placed close together ; remaining
three abdominal segments bear a single dorsal row of larger and
fewer spines ; abdominal dorsal spines point posteriorly ; last abdom-
inal segment bears a ventral pair of chitinous hooks curved anteriorly.
Adult. Tinea cloacclla Haworth, Lc[>. Brit., 563, 1829; Dietz (loc.
cit.) gives the following description by Meyrick: "Head whitish
ochreous. Forewings ochreous brown, more or less mixed with
whitish and strigulated with dark fuscous; a spot on base of costa,
another beyond it, a thick oblique spot from costa reaching middle of
disc, an elongate spot on fold before middle, and some small posterior
costal and dorsal spots dark fuscous ; a small round whitish posterior
spot in disc. Hindwings fuscous. Exp. 10-17 mm."
Richness of Borneo in Coleoptera.
"The great majority of the Coleoptera taken at Mount Merinjak
were again new to me, which goes to show how every hill and moun-
tain in a great island like Borneo must be thoroughly explored before
we have any idea of the tremendous wealth of species the island will
produce. Wallace during his stay in Borneo spent nearly the whole of
his time on the Sadong River in Simunjan, and collected nearly 2000
species of Coleoptera, of which nearly 300 were Longicorns. During
my short stay [six months] I obtained examples of approximately
3189 species, of which 369 were Longicorns, about 90 of these prob-
ably nov. spp. We must remember that Wallace was collecting prac-
tically all orders, whereas I was specializing more or less." [A table
of the number of species by families is given.] — G. E. BRYANT in The
Ent. Mo. Mag., London, April, 1919.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 253
Life History and Habits of Silpha inaequalis Fab.
(Coleoptera).
By MILTON T. GOE, Portland, Oregon.
On July i6th while strolling in a secluded place, my object
being to secure some live insects for life history observations,
1 discovered the carcass of a cat, under or near which were
many kinds of beetles that gather around decaying animal mat-
ter. From among these I secured a few live specimens of
Silpha inaequalis which I took home and placed in wide-
mouthed tobacco jars containing- a couple of inches of fresh
moist soil, a few dry leaves beneath which they could hide, a
shallow vessel of water, and a small piece of beef. The jars
were then covered with a tin cover, the center of which had
been cut away and a piece of cheese-cloth glued over the open-
ing so as to admit plenty of air.
Two pairs were kept for study, but as one female laid but
one batch of eggs and as both male and female soon died the
data here given are from a single pair.
Freshly-killed flies were often thrown into the jar and were
eaten by the beetles in preference to the stale meat. They
sometimes dug themselves into the soil but remained on top
most of the time, often hiding under the leaves, seldom under
the stale meat. They were frequently found drinking. Close
watch was kept for eggs, and on the twentieth day of July
the first eggs were found and in the soil. As it is generally
stated that these insects deposit their egg's in the carcass, I
wish to emphasize the fact that these Silphas, without an ex-
ception, deposited their eggs in the soil. Only once did we
observe this female in the act of laying, and then she placed
the tip of her abdomen deep in the soil and when she had fin-
ished scratched the dirt back with her front tarsi to cover the
eggs more securely.
The eggs arc white, almost round, and about two millimeters
in diameter. The egg-laving period covered thirty-six days
and she averaged a little less than two eggs per day.
Following are the dates and the exact number of eggs laid
each day :
254 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., 'if)
July 20 6 eggs August i 2 eggs
July 21 3 eggs August 3 i egg
July 23 9 eggs August 5 I egg
July 24 3 eggs August 15 4 eggs
July 26 6 eggs August 18 6 eggs
July 28 5 eggs August 20 7 eggs
July 30 5 eggs August 23 2 eggs
August 25 2 eggs
Total 62 eggs
On August 27th this female died. The six eggs laid July
2Oth were buried in some moist soil in a jar to hatch, and July
26th four coal-black larvae with yellowish red beads and black
antennae made their appearance. These larvae were quick of
motion ; fed freely on the stale beef ; rarely entered the soil,
but usually could be found close together under the dry leaves.
Moulting occurred twice before they entered the soil to
pupate ; the first time July 3Oth, the second time August 3rd.
When moulting the exuviae split at head and thorax and the
insects crawl out, leaving the cast skins much resembling dead
larvae.
During the afternoon of August nth two of the larvae en-
tered the soil to transform and the two remaining out were
acting very strangely. They would dash frantically across the
jar in which they were kept, suddenly stop and curl up on
their sides, lie so a second, then roll over on their backs, then
up and dash away again. These actions were repeated many
times showing the unrest at the time this transformation was
about to begin.
As an experiment, we dropped a few drops of water upon
them, which seemed to have a soothing effect, as they lay
quietly as if appreciating it. During the night, they, too, en-
tered the soil. August i8th we uncovered them and they were
unchanged in form but were pure white in color. Three of the
four larvae developed, coming out of the soil as adults August
28th, 2Qth and 3ist, respectively.
In this instance, the period of incubation was six days ; the
larval period sixteen days ; the pupal period from seventeen to
twenty days.
The young beetles ate very little at any time, and during the
Yd. XXX] F.XTOMOLOr.ICA!. \F.\VS -'55
\vinter months took no food at all. They spent most of their
time in the soil, seldom being seen on top.
March 3oth a piece of liver was placed in the jar and a few
hours later one of the beetles was found clinging to it, this
being the first evidence of their eating anything since Novem-
ber. During April these insects died, thus closing our investi-
gations.
[Blatchley, in his Coleoptera of Indiana, p. 276, has figured the vari-
ous stages of Silplia inaequatts after Riley. — ED.]
On the Hymenopterous Parasites of Kermes
(Homop., Coccidae).
My L. O. HOWARD, \Yashington, D. C.
In the very interesting article in Entomological Nc-'^'s for
April, 1919, on "Euclemensiabassettella (Clemens), the Kcrmcs
Parasite," by A. H. Hollinger and H. B. Parks, the authors
have brought together much important material concerning
this unusual parasitic Lepidopteron. In the course of this
article, the writers state that they have never reared any
Hymenoptera from Kermes, either in Missouri or Texas.
From the context, however, they apparently have not studied
the subject for a very considerable length of time, and I feel
reasonably sure that Hymenopterous parasites of Kermes will
be found sooner or later in both Missouri and Texas, just as
they have been found in so many other parts of the world. A
good many years ago (in 1890) I found Kermes at Ithaca,
New York, infested both by this Lepidopterous parasite and
by a Hymenopterous parasite which I subsequently described
as Aphyeus pulchcllus (afterward^ placed by Timberlake in
his genus Aenasioidea) .
I have taken the trouble to go through the records and to
examine the bred specimens in the notes and collections of the
Bureau of Entomology and the- National Museum, and submit
the following list of Hymenopterous parasites of Kcnues. both
from these sources and from the literature. There can lie no
doubt that the hoMs in the rases of the American rearing^
256 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., '19
were true Kermes, but following the first list is a list of rec-
ords taken from the remarkable list of rearings by Giraud
collected and annotated by Laboulbene and published in the
Annales de la Socictc Entomologique de France for 1877
(pages 397-436) in which the identification of the hosts as
Kennes is open to doubt, judging from the food plants on
which they occurred. No true Kermes are known except upon
oak, and the food plants indicated in this French list belong
to a variety of genera. It is altogether likely that Giraud
called almost any naked Lecaniine Kennes. And these rec-
•
crds are included here simply because they are already mat-
ters of record. It is evident that they should not be accepted
except possibly in the cases where they are recorded as occur-
ring on Oncrciis. Mr. Harold Morrison has prepared a note
on these Giraud rearings which* is appended to the list.
Aenasioidea kermicola Timb.
Kennes gaUifonnis Riley. Murray, Utah, Sept. 16-21, 1914, P. H.
Timberlake.
Kennes cssigii King on Quercus ac/rifolia. Pasadena, California,
Aug. 7, 1912, P. H. Timberlake. Timberlake, 1916, Proc. U. S.
N. M., 50, p. 584.
Aenasioidea latiscapus (Gir.).
Kcrincs pnbcsccns Bogue on oak. Urbana, Illinois, A. A. Girault.
Girault, 1911, Can. Ent., 43, pp. 168-78.
Aenasioidea (Aphycus) pulchella (How.).
Kennes on Quercus tinctoria. Ithaca, New York, Jan. 25-30, 1890,
L. O. Howard. Howard, 1898, Proc. U. S. N. M., 21, p. 242.
Aenasioidea tenuicornis Timb.
Kennes miyasakii Kuwana. Akabane, Japan, Aug., 1909, S. I.
Kiuvana. Timberlake, 1916, Proc. U. S. N. M., 50, p. 583.
Blastothrix longipennis How.
Kennes pubesccns Bogue. Guelph, Canada, Alfred Eastham. East-
ham, Rept. Ent. Soc. Out., 1910, p. 75.
Chiloneurus lineascapus Gahan.
Kennes on oak, College Park, Maryland, May 7- 1898, A. B.
Gahan. U. S. N. M. collection.
Kennes on lilac, College Park, Maryland, May 7, 1898, Franklin
Sherman, Jr. Gahan, 1910, Can. Ent., 42, p. 207.
Chiloneurus dubius How.
Kermes sp. Maiden, Massachusetts. Bureau Ent. Notes, No. 2404.
Vol. X.\x] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS -'57
Chiloneurus cushmani Cwfd.
Kcnncs sp. Vienna, Virginia, May .24, 1911, R. A. Cushman.
Crawford, 1911, Proc. Ent. Soc. Wash., 13, p. 126.
Comys sp.
Kcnncs gallifonnis. Los Angeles, California. U. S. X. M. Col-
lection.
Comys, n. sp.
Kcnncs nigropunctaius. \\hittier, California, E. \\". Rust. I!u-
reau Ent. Notes.
Comys sp. (probably fnsca).
I\cnncs sp. on live oak. Houston, Texas. March 19, 1919, A. I).
Hopkins. Bureau Ent. Notes.
Cristatithorax pulcher Gir.
Kcnncs pubcscrns Bogue on oak. Urbana, Illinois, A. A. Giranlt.
Girault, 1911, Cant. Ent, 43, pp. 168-78.
Encyrtus sp. (cyancus group).
Kcn>ics on oak. Tallulah. Louisiana, May 21, 1907, A. H. Rosen-
feld. U. S. N. M. Collection.
Microterys speciosissimus Gir.
Kermes pubescciis Bogue on oak. Urbana, Illinois, A. A. Girault.
Girault, ign. Can. Ent., 43, pp. 168-78.
Microterys cincticornis Ashm.
Kcnncs pitbcsccns Bogue on oak. Urbana, Illinois, A. A. Girault.
Girault, 1911, Can. Ent., 43, pp. 168-78.
Kermes pnbcsccns on oak. Lawrence, Massachusetts, Geo. B. King.
Bureau Ent. Notes, No. 8143.
Coccophagus n. sp.
$ $ Kcnncs i;ncrcns (undnlata). Nogales, Ari/ona, May 3. 1897,
A. Koebele. U. S. N. M. Collection.
Coccophagus scutatus How.
Kcnncs sp. on Oncrcus agrifolia. Los Angeles, California, A.
Koebele and D. W. Coquillett. Howard, 1911, Jour. Econ. Ent.,
4, p. 277; Mercet, 1912, Trab. Mus. Xat. Madrid, p. 244.
Kermes niyropunctatus. Southern California, Aug. 7. 1909, E. R.
Sasscer. U. S. N. M. Collection.
Myiocnema compere! Ashm.
Kcnncs acaciac Mask. Sydney, Xew South \Yales, Dec. 21, iS<>n,
A. Koebele. U. S. N. M. Collection.
Prospaltella citrella How.
$ $ Kcnncs tincrcns ( unditlata). Nogales, Arizona, May 3, iS<)7,
A. Koebcle. U. S. N. 'M. Collection.
Gyrolasia sp.
Kcnncs futbcsccnx Bogue on oak. Urbana. Illinois. A. A. Girault.
Girault, njii, Can. Ent., 43, 1'P- 108-78.
258 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., '19
Pachyneuron micans How. (?)
Kennes pubescens Bogue on oak. Urbana, Illinois, A. A. Girault.
Girault, 1911, Can. Ent., 43, pp. 168-78.
Giraud's records of his French rearings (Ann. Soc. Ent. France,
1877).
Pachyneuron, kermiphagus Giraud. Kcrmcs on Fcstuca, Carpinus and
Crataegus.
Eunotus obscurns Giraud. Kennes on Carpinus, Crataegus and
Ostrya.
Encyrtus punctipes Dal. Kcrmcs on Crataegus, Carpinus, Acsculus,
Alnus, Quercus and Ulmus.
Encyrtus erichsoni Westw. Kennes on Ostrya I'ulgaris, Acer crio-
carpus and Fcstuca.
Encyrtus apicalis Dalman. Kcrmcs on Acer criocarpus, Ostrya vul-
gar is and Finns pice a.
Coccophagus scutellaris Nees. Kennes on Alnus and Fcstnca.
Coccophagus circumscriptus Ratzbg. Kcnncs on Finns picca.
Ericydnus paludatns Halid. Kennes on Finns picca.
Ceraptcroccrus cornigcr Haliday. Kcrmcs on Quercus sessiliflora.
Ccrapterocerus mirabilis Westw. Kerwes on Fcstuca.
Chiloncurus elec/ans Westw. Kennes on Laurus ccrasus.
Chiloneurits ornatus Westw. Kermes on Sali.\'.
Coccophagus panthefinus Girand. Kcrmcs on Fcstuca.
Comys obscnnis Dalman. Kermes on Salix.
Encyrtus aralius Walker. Kennes on Fcstuca.
Encyrtus cyancus Dal. Kermes on Fcstuca.
Encyrtus festncae Giraud. Kennes on Fcstuca.
F'ncyrtns pasciiorum Foerster. Kennes on Fcstuca.
Encyrtus pratorum Giraud. Kennes on Fcstuca.
Eunotus cretaceus Walker. Kermes on Festuca.
Rhopu; debilis Foerster. Kermes on Triticinn rcpcns.
Appended Note by HAROLD MORRISON.
None of the species of "Kermes" in the Giraud list appears
to belong to that genus in its modern taxonomic sense. This
opinion is based on the fact that with two exceptions, one of
which appears to be accidental, only Quercus spp. are recorded
as host plants of the species of this genus, and that there are
in France certain common Lecaniine scales known to occur on
the host plants given in this list. The probable identity of
these different scale insects is given below :
Vol. XXX] KXTOMOLOCICAL XKWS 259
1'cstuca spp. All records from this host plant are probably liriopcltis
fcstucac or E. lichtcnstcinii, the latter being probably a synonym
of the first. This species is covered by a cottony sac in the last
stages, just before oviposition, but appears to be naked in its earls-
stages of growth.
Triticum rcpcns. This record is probably for the preceding species.
Quercus scssiliflora. Regarding this "Kermes," Reh. Allg. Zeitschr.
Ent., 8, 1903, p. 355, states: "der 'Kermes du Chene' der franzosi-
schen Autoren' ist Lccaninm piilclintin King." This statement
probably applies to this record from the list <>f (iiraiul and I.aboul-
bene.
Lauras cerasns. A number of Lecaniine species have been reported
from Laitnis. The most common is Con us licspcridum. but it is
impossible to suggest any certain genus and species for this record.
,S\;//.v spp. This coccid is possibly Lccaninm caprcac, but might be
one of several Lecaniine species.
Plints picca. This reference is probably to riiysokcrrncs piccac, al-
though it might refer to one of several species.
Almis sp. Probably refers to Lccaninm coryli.
Acer sp. Possibly Lccaninm corni, but might be one of several
species.
Ostrya rulgaris. Perhaps Lccaninm corni, but might be one of sev-
eral species.
Cratacgns sp. Afight be any one of several species of Lccaninm.
Carpinus sp. Probably Lccaninm c.iryl;, but might be one of several
species.
.Icsculus sp. Probably Lccaninm coryli.
I'hnns sp. Might be one of several species of Lccaninm or even
Gossyparia spuria.
Regarding the taxonomic position of the Genus Kcnncs
Boit., this genus has at various times been included with the
Lecaniine scale insec's, and with the large group of the mealy-
bugs, as recognized by Cockerell and by the Fernakl Catalogue
of Coccidae. Of recent years, however, there has been a grow-
ing tendency to consider this single genus as a separate group
of the Coccidae having subfamily value as compared with the
subfamilies at present recognized. The name Hanicoccnuis
is given to this group. What its ultimate position in the cla-
sification of the family will be it is impossible to state, but at
present it seems a little more closely related to the Lecaniinae
(or Coccinae) than to any other subfamily.
260 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., '19
Notes on Cosmopterygidae, with Descriptions of new
Genera and Species (Microlepidoptera).
By ANNETTE F. BRAUN, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Cosmopteryx opulenta n. sp.
Palpi white, outer and inner surfaces each marked with a black
longitudinal line. Antennae grayish brown; becoming darker towards
apex ; with a conspicuous white line on anterior surface near base ;
last segment black, or sometimes merely black-tipped ; next three pre-
ceding segments white ; next three segments black, followed by a
white, then a black, then a white segment. Head and thorax grayish
brown, with three longitudinal white lines.
Fore wings brownish gray, or seal brown, with the basal half
marked with five fine white longitudinal lines; one starting from base
just within the costal edge diverges from the costa outwardly, ex-
tending about two-thirds through the basal brown area; a second
extends along the extreme costa from the basal fourth almost or quite
to the yellow fascia, becoming broader outwardly; a third along
middle of wing from base to a little beyond the costo-basal streak:
a fourth shorter streak below fold not attaining the base; a fifth
white streak dorso-basal. Just beyond middle of wing, a yellow
fascia. Four patches of metallic scales ; the costal one of the inner
pair limits the fascia inwardly, not touching the costa, and has a few
black scales on its outer margin ; dorsal patch placed farther back
and with black scales on its inner margin ; the yellow fascia extends
between them and borders the inner side of the dorsal patch, some-
times almost to dorsal margin. Posterior pair of metallic patches
almost opposite, attaining the margins, and limiting the yellow fascia
outwardly, except in the middle of the wing where the- fascia extends
between and a little beyond them. Costal cilia immediately following
the second costal metallic patch white ; occasionally the yellow of the
fascia is almost confluent with this white patch. Remainder of apical
portion of wing and cilia of the basal brown ground color, except
for a long white line extending from just beyond the yellow fascia to
the tips of the apical cilia. Hind wings and cilia concolorous with
fore wings. Legs gray streaked and banded with white.
Expanse: 9.5-10.5 mm.
Locality: Rivera, Los Angeles County, California.
Type and paratypes in writer's collection.
Nine specimens brecl from irregular mines on Ambrosia
psylostachya. The mines expend principally along the midrib,
with irregular projections branching out on either side. The
larva spins a cocoon on the densely pubescent under side of
the leaf, constructed of silk, and the whitish pubescence of the
leaf. Mines collected in October; imagoes in April of the
following year.
This species is apparently intermediate between C. dclica-
tclla AVlsm. and C. qmidrUincclla Cham. ; the additional white
streak along the second fourth of costa distinguishes it from
both.
Vol. XXX] EiNTU.MOl.OCICAI. M-.\YS 26l
Cosmopteryx clemensella Stainton.
The larvae of this species mine the overwintering leaves of
Car ex la.riflora var. latifolia, making long semitransparent
irregular galleries, often deserting one mine to form a new
one. The larvae feed during t]u. fan anfj carly winter, when
the weather is sufficiently mild, and become full fed in the
spring. They pupate in a wrinkle in the leaf, and the moths
appear in May and June. There is apparently hut one gen-
eration a year.
PERIPLOCA new genus.
Labial palpi long, recurved, laterally flattened, terminal
joint shorter than second, acute. Head short, vertex broad.
Antennae 2-3, basal segment flattened, somewhat enlarged,
projecting posteriorlv. Fore wings ovate-lanceolate, acumi-
nate; ib furcate, 2 from near end of cell, indistinct, 3 from
angle, 4 obsolete toward origin, especially in female, 5 and 6
out of 7, 8 out of 7 before 5, 9 approximate to their stalk, 10
arising opposite 2 in female, much nearer base in male, in
which it is nearly parallel to 1 1 , which in both sexes arises be-
fore middle of cell, transverse vein indistinct between 4 and 7.
Hind wings linear-lanceolate, 1-4, cilia 5, costal shoulder pro-
nounced ; 2, 3, 4, equidistant and parallel, 4 and 5 connate or
nearly so, approximate to 7, 6 out of 7 near apex ; transverse
vein indistinct but perceptible. Posterior tibiae with bristly
scale? above and long hairs above towards apex.
(iciwtypc: Perlploca pivrpuriclla n. sp.
Periploca purpuriella n. sp.
Palpi bluish black, face bronzy. Head, antennae, thorax and base
of fore wing bluish black, gradually shading outwardly to reddish
bronze. According to the light the wing may appear almost entirely
deep blue, or entirely reddish bronze except at extreme base. Hind
wings shining, becoming bronzy towards apex. Legs deep bluish black.
Expanse : 8 mm.
Locality: 1-Yedalba, San Bernardino Mts., California. Aug-
ust 19 to September i ((i. R. Pilate).
/'y/v and paratypes in writer's collection.
Described from about 45 specimens.
AMAUROGRAMMA new genus.
Head rather elongate, front prominent. Antennae 2-3. bi-
serrate in o-iter half, basal segment ratlK-r long, slightly en
larged distally. Labial palpi long recurved, somewhat thick-
262 ENTOMOLOGICAL NKNVS [Nov., '19
ened with scales, third segment a little over one-half the sec-
ond, acute. Posterior tibiae rough-haired above and on outer
half beneath.
Fore wings with tufts of raised scales ; very narrow, apex
long pointed; ib furcate, lower side of furcation obsolete,
2 absent, 3 and 4 long stalked from angle of cell, 5 indistinct
except near margin. 7 and 8 out of 6, n from middle of cell.
Hind wings 1-3, linear beyond costal shoulder, with apex pro-
duced; cilia 6; most of veins obsolete, lower margin of cell
distinct, 2 and 3 given off close to margin, 4 and 5 absent, 6
and 7 long stalked.
Genotype: Amaurogramma e.rtensa n. sp.
A development of Chrysopeleia, from which it differs by
the more elongate and slender palpi, the difference being due
to the greater length of the second segment, and the narrower
elongate wings, with stalking of 4 and 5 in the fore wing; the
extreme narrowing of the hind wings is accompanied by the
obsolescence of most of the veins. Chrysopeleia quadricrista-
tclla Chambers apparently belongs here, but is distinct from
the species described below.
Amaurogramma extensa n. sp.
Head, thorax and fore wings clothed with whitish-tipped gray
scales, producing a uniformly irrorated aspect. Four patches of black-
ish raised scales on the fore wing, each margined inwardly with dull
whitish ; the first below the fold at one-fourth, the second on the disk
in the middle of the wing, the third a little beyond it on the dorsum,
the fourth at end of cell ; a fifth raised patch beyond is distinct in
the male. Minute tufts along the termen. Hind wings and cilia gray.
Legs gray, with tips of segments whitish; hind tibiae with an oblique
white bar across the middle of the outer side. Abdomen gray, upper
side of first four or five segments yellowish. Expanse : 7.5-9 mm.
Type (male), Loma Linda, California, July 22; paratype
(female), Loma Linda, California, June 3 (G. R. Pilate), in
writer's collection.
Ithome unimaculella Chambers.
Ithomc unimaculella Chambers, Can. Ent. vii, 94, 1875; xi, 9, 1879.
The statement by Chambers that Ithome cannot be sep-
arated generically from Pcrimcdc is apparently the basis for
the accepted view that /. unimaculella is a synonym of P. er-
ransclla Cham. While the two insects are superficially much
alike, they can be easily separated structurally and by mark-
ings. The characters of Ithome Cham, are as follows :
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 263
Palpi long recurved, slender, smooth, third segment a little exceeding
the second, acute; antennae a? in Perimede, basal segment somewhat
elongate, slightly clavate, stalk serrate near apex. Fore wings with-
out scale tufts; ib furcate, 2 from very near angle of cell (opposite
origin of 10), 3 from angle, 4 remote at origin, but curving immedi-
ately downward toward 3, 7 and 8 stalked, 6 out of 7 near apex, n
from middle of cell. Hind wings 1-2, linear lanceolate, 2, 3. 4 parallel,
equidistant, 5 approximate to or connate with 4, 6 and 7 long stalked,
cell open between 5 and 7. Hind tibiae rough haired above.
Apart from the stalking of 6 with 7 in the fore wing, and
the stalking of 6 and 7 of hind wing, the position of vein 2
of fore wing is the chief difference1 between this genus and
Perimede, where this vein arises but slightly beyond n. The
o
hind wings are much narrower, with more deeply excised
costa and pronounced costal shoulder. To Chambers' genus
Eriphia it has no resemblance.
In addition to these structural differences, Illwme itnima-
culella differs from Perimede erransella by its smaller si/e
(7.5-9 mm.), the series of distinct white spots on the under
surface of the third palpal segment (varying in number from
four to seven, including the white extreme apex as a spot),
the absence of markings except the costal spot before the
cilia, a very minute plical spot, and the immaculate under sur-
face of the wings. As both species easily become worn on
the upper side, and a slight abrasion produces a sordid whitish
spot, the palpal markings and the immaculate under surface of
the wings are the most reliable characters.
Perimede falcata n. sp.
Head and thorax shining whitish gray, densely dusted with fus-
cous; palpi shining grayish brown with the upper sides whitish, lower
surfaces faintly hoary. Antennae dark grayish fuscous.
Fore wings shining grayish white almost overlaid with purplish
fuscous dusting. Three spots of raised black scales margined with
white inwardly, the first in the fold sometimes elongate, the second
in the middle, the third at the end of the cell; a whitish costal spot
at the beginning of the cilia and an opposite dorsal one. A black spot
in apex, margined inwardly with white scales; a series of minute
raised black specks along the termen, usually with whitish scales h<>r
dering them inwardly. _ Cilia along costa to a point opposite apex
dark fuscous, beneath apex for about half the termen white, rest of
cilia dark fuscous, the line separating the white from the HIM on-,
terminal cilia curving obliquely across the cilia. Under surface oi
264 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., 'l(J
wings with apex black and series of black spots repeated. Hind wings
dusted grayish fuscous; extreme apex on both surfaces black; the
under surface mottled with white. Abdomen fuscous, paler beneath,
with four black spots on each side of under surface. Legs fuscous,
apices of joints white. Expanse: 11.5-14 mm.
Localities: Cincinnati, Ohio; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
(Engel).
Type ( o ), Cincinnati, Ohio, July 28; paratype ( $ ), Cin-
cinnati, Ohio, July 5; four paratypes, Pittsburgh, Pennsyl-
vania, June 12-30, all in writer's collection.
The conspicuous white patch in the terminal cilia distin-
guishes this species from P. crransella Cham, and from P.
particornella Busck ; from the latter the unicolorous antennae
also separate it. It is a much broader winged species than
P. crransella; with this exception its structural characters
differ in no respect from the type of the genus.
Psacaphora metallifera Wlsm.
A number of moths bred from larvae mining leaves of
Cuphea petiolata answer the description of Elachista ( ?)
metallifera Wlsm. described from a single specimen in which
the type of marking is evidently that of Psacaphora. The an-
tennal markings are by no means constant ; sometimes the
last four or five segments are entirely silvery white ; some-
times there is a series of four or five whitish or grayish spots
separated by dark spots ; and sometimes the entire antennal
stalk is dark brown. The blue and purple iridescent dorsal
spot is in all, except one specimen, extended along the termen
to the apex ; in other respects the specimens agree minutely
with the description. It is remarkable for its minute size ;
expanse varying from 4.7 mm. to 6.5 mm. ; that of the type
was given as 5 mm.
The larva makes several mines ; the earliest extremely short
and narrow and difficult to discern ; later it makes long con-
torted serpentine mines or blotches, eating out the whole of
the smaller leaves near the top of the plant. The larva often
crawls for a couple of inches with the greatest ease amongst
the extremely viscid hairs of the plant, in which ants and small
flies are often caught and held fast. The general color of the
larva is bright red, due to the obscuring of the yellowish
ground color by the confluence of the bright red markings
on either side of the mid-dorsal line. Cocoon spindle-shaped,
of dense straw-colored silk.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., NOVEMBER, 1919.
The Use of the Term Larva.
We have recently reread Professor Comstock's article in
the Annals of the Entomological Society of America for June,
1918, entitled "Nymphs. Naiads and Larvav." It will be re-
called that in it he proposes to limit the term n\mpli to the
early stages of insects which have a gradual metamorphosis,
as the Orthoptera and Hemiptera. and that naiad be used fur
used for the immature stages of Pleceptera, Odonata and
Fphemerida ("incomplete metamorphosis"), while larva is to
be restricted to the young of insects wi;h complete metamor-
phosis, Diptera, Lepidoptera et al., as some have already done.
To us. however, this very narrow use of larra appears de-
cidedly objectionable, since the word has come to posses> a
much wider significance, having been very generally employed,
in various languages, to denote the active, postembryonic stage
of many phyla which presents a more or less distinc ly differ-
ent aspect from the adult. Thus, Professor Edmond Pi-rrljr,
even after writing:
The words larva and metamorphosis-, borrowed from the vocabulary
of the entomologists, have indeed in Entomology a precise signification
from which one turns aside absolutely when one applies them to the
development of the Echinoderms, or to that of the Crustacea, or of
the great majority of worms. Metamorphosis is a more or less rapid
change, either in the internal organs or in the external forms, of an
organism already in possession of all the morphological units of
which its body is to be formed,
goes on to add:
Before the transformation, the animal is in the state of a hiri'ti.
after it in the perfect state. Such transformations can he observed
in numerous groups of the animal kingdom outside of the class of
Insects. One can consider as a metamorphosis the transformation of
liphyra into a Discomedusa ; that of the vermiform larva of Cotna-
tnla into the cystidean larva ; that of the females of parasitic Copepods
into Lernaeans : that of cypris-larvae of ('impedes into . hmtifcrn.
H<ilii>uis or Sacculina ; that of symmetrical into asymmetrical l\i</unts;
that of larvae of Bryozoa into protoinerids ; that of three-segmented
265
266 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., '19
larvae of Brachiopods into adult Brachiopods ; that of the tadpoles of
Ascidians into Ascidians, of Ammocetes into Lampreys, of Lepto-
cephalus into Conger eels, of symmetrical into asymmetrical Pleuro-
ncctcs, of the tadpoles of Batrachians into salamanders, frogs and
toads. [Translated from his Traitc dc Zooloyic, pp. 194-5.]
This general use of larva for all groups of animals in which
a similar stage obtains is decidedly convenient, some such
term being a necessity. We notice that the latest text-book
of Entomology. Prof. Lochhead's Class Book of Economic
Entomology, uses larva in this wide sense. The subject is
on'e which might well be discussed by the Entomological So-
ciety of America at its next meeting.
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.
Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted;
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects,
however, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be re-
corded.
The numbers in Heavy- Faced Type refer to the journals, as numbered
in the following list, in which the papers are published.
All continued papeis, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their
first installments.
The records of papers containing new genera or species occurring north
of Mexico are all grouped at the end of each Order of which they treat.
For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record,
Office of Experiment Stations, Washington. Also Review of Applied En-
tomology, Series A. London. For records of papers on Medical Ento-
mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B.
4 — Canadian Entomologist, London, Canada. 5 — Psyche, Cam-
bridge, Mass. 8 — The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, Lon-
don. 9 — The Entomologist, London. 11 — Annals and Magazine
of Natural History, London. 12 — Journal of Economic Entomol-
ogy, Concord, N. H. 13 — Journal of Entomology and Zoology,
Claremont, Cal. 17 — Lepidoptera, Boston, Mass. 19 — Bulletin of
the Brooklyn Entomological Society. 20 — Bulletin de la Societe
Entomologique de France, Paris. 30 — Tiidschrift voor Entomol-
ogie, The Hague, Holland. 32 — Insecta. Revue Illustree d'Ento-
mologie, Rennes. 33 — Annales de la Societe Entomologique de
Belgique, Brussels. 37 — Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomolog-
ical Society. 39 — The Florida Buggist, Gainesville. 40 — Genera
Insectorum, Diriges par P. Wytsman. 50 — Proceedings of the
United States National Museum, Washington. 52 — Zoologischer
Anzeiger, Leipsic. 61 — Proceedings of the California Academy of
Sciences, San Francisco. 62 — Bulk-tin of tin- American Museum of
Vol. XXX] ENTO.MULOCICAI. XllWS 267
Natural History, New York. 69 — Comptes Rendus, ties Seances de
1'Academie des Sciences, Paris. 73— Proceedings of the Linnean
Society of New South Wales, Sydney. 79— Bulletin of the Museum
of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Cambridge, Mass.
90 — The American Naturalist, Lancaster, Pa.
GENERAL. Berger, E. W. — Entomology as a pure science.
39, ii, 81-5. Blackmore, E. H. — Rare and uncommon insects taken
in British Columbia during 1918 (Rept. Prov. Mus. Nat. Hist., Br.
Columbia, 1918, T. 7-13). Bordage, E. — Sur quelques particularites
de 1'histolyse observees pendant la metamorphose des insectes
metaboles. 20, 1919, 258-9. Escherich, K.— Zeitschrift fur ange-
wandte entomologie IV, Heft 2. Godman, F. DuC. — Memorial to
the late Frederick DuCane Godman. 8, 1919, :>()<>-;. Ireland, W.
H. — On the migration of insects. 17, iii, 57-8. Klapalek, F. — [Xo-
tice of death. I 52, 1, 208. Lizer, C. — Primer ensayo bibliografico
de entomologia. Argentina. (Primera Reun. Nac. Soc. Argent.
Cien. Nat., Tucuman, 191fi, 351-380.) McDunnough, J. H. — Direc-
tions for collecting and preserving insects. (Canada Dept. of
Agric., Ent. Branch, Circ. 12). Stoner, D. — Collecting terrestrial
arthropods in Barbados and Antigua. 4, 1919, 173-S (cont.).
GENETICS, ETC. Zeleny, C.— Change in the bar gene of
Drosophila involving further decrease in facet number and in-
crease in dominance (Jour. Gen. Physiology, ii, 69-71).
ARACHNIDA AND MYRIAPODA. Emerton, Banks &
Chamberlin — Spiders, Mites and Myriapods (Rept., Canadian Arct.
Exp., 1913-18, iii, H.).
NEUROPTERA. Folsom, J. W.— Collembola from the Crocket-
Land Expedition. 62, xli, 271-303. Longinos Navas, R. P. — Al-
gunos insectos N. de la Republica Argentina (Revista, 1\. Acad.
Cien Exact, l-'isic. Natur., Madrid, xvii, 287-305.) Navas, R. P.
L. — Algunos insectos de la Republica Argentina (Revista R. Acad.
Cien. Exact. Eisc. Nat., Madrid, xvi, 491-504).
Baker, Ferris & Nuttall — Mallophaga and Anoplura (Rept., Ca-
nadian Arctic Exp., 1913-18, iii, ]). ). Banks, N. — Neuropteroid
insects (Rept., Canadian Arctic Exp., 1913-ls, iii, B.). Folsom, J.
W. — Collembola (Rept. Canadian Arct. Exp., iii, A.). Treherne,
R. C. — Notes on Thysanoptera from British Columbia. 4, 1919,
181-90. Watson, J. R. — New Thysaimptera from Florida. 39, ii,
97-10:.', 11()-19; iii, 2-7.
ORTHOPTERA. Pantel & de Sinety— Stir le noinbre des
stades postembryonnaires chez les Phasvnides, leur fusion it leur
dedoubleuieiit. 30, Ixii, 1-29.
268 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov., 'l<J
HEMIPTERA. Baker, A. C.— On tin: use of the names Lachnus
and Lachniella. 4, 1919, 211-12. Britton, W. E.— Swarms of
aphids. 12, xii, 351. Ferris, G. F. — Observations on some mealy-
bugs (Coccidae). Lack-producing insects rf the U. S. 12, xii,
292-99; 330-3. Leonard, M. D. — The immature stages of Strongy-
locoris stygica (Miridae). 4, 1919, 178-80. Lizer, C. — Una nueva
subespecie de "Ceroplastes" de la Republica Argentina (Coccidae).
Sobre una nueva hemipterocecidia Argentina. (Primera Reun.
Nac. Soc. Argentina Cien. Nat., Tucuman, 1916, Sec. Zool., 381-88.)
Merrill, G. B. — Host list of the fluted, or cottony cushion scale.
(Quart. Bui. Sta. Plant Bd. of Florida, iii, 125-33.) Moreira, C.—
Les pucerons et leur oeuf d'hiver (Aphididae). 20, 1919, 236-8.
Parshley, H. M. — Note on the sexes of the Tingid, Melanorhopala
clavata. A morphological note on the Tingoidea. 19, xiv, 102-3;
109-10. Riley, C. F. C. — Some habitat responses of the large
water-strider, Gerris remigis. 90, liii, 394-414 (cont.1. Severin,
H. H. P. — Notes on the behavior of Eutettix tenella. 12, xii,
303-8.
Drake, C. ]. — A n. sp. of Velia from Florida. 39, iii, 1-2. Gib-
sen, E. H. — A review of the leafhoppers of the genus Gyphona
north of Mexico. 50, Ivi, 87-100. McAtee, W. L.— Key to the
Nearctic sps. of Piesmidae. 19, xiv, 80-93. Van Duzee, E, P.—
Hemiptera (Kept., Canadian Arctic Exp., 1913-18, iii, F.).
LEPIDOPTERA. Braun, A. F.— The synonymy of Helice and
Theisoa (Micro-L.). 4, 1919, 201-3. Chapais, ]. C.— La lycie vul-
gaire (Nat. Canadien, xlvi, 25-7). Hall, A. — Descriptions of 12
new Nymphaline butterflies. 9, 1919, 195-200. Kaye, W. J. — New
sps. and gen. of Nymphalidae Syntomidae, and Sphingidae in the
Joicey Collection. 11, iv, 84-94. Lewis, G. — On the taxonomy
of the Histeridae. 8, 1919, 173- 1. Reiff, W.— Notes on plate No. 3
(Hcliconius, Papilio, Catocala). 17, iii, 00-2. Riley, N. D. — Some
new Rhopalocera from Brazil. 9, 1919, 181-6 (cont.). Rummel, C.
— Catoca'a tristis and gracilis on high-bush blueberry. 19, xiv,
103. Tillyard, R. J. — On the morphology and systematic position
of the family Micropterygidae. 73, xliv, 95-136.
DIPTERA. Herms, W. B. — Occurrence- of malaria and ano-
pheline mosquitoes in northern California (U. S. Pub. Health
Service, Reprint No. 541). Johnson, C. W. — Revised list of D.
of Jamaica. 62, xii, 421-49. Kieffer, J. J. — Observations sur les
Chironomides decrits par J. R. Malloch. 20, 1919, 191-4. Malloch,
J. R. — The limits of the dipterous group Calyptrata. 19, xiv, 111-
12. Roubaud, E. — Antagonisme du betail et de 1'homme dans la
nutrition sanguine de 1'Anopheles maculipennis. 69, clxix, 483-6.
Vol. XXX] KXTO.MOLOGICAL XK\VS 269
Alexander, C. P. — New Nearctic crane-flies, VIII. 4, 1019, 191-9.
New Nearctic sps. of the genus Frioptera (Tipulidae). 19, xiv,
104-8. Alexander, Dyar & Malloch — Diptera ( Kept., Canadian
Arctic Exp., 1913-ls, iii, C. ). Cole & Lovett— Xc\v Oregon D.
61, ix, 221-55. Van Duzee, M. C. — Key to the Xorth American sps.
of Medeterus, with descriptions of n. sps. 61, ix, :.'57-7().
COLEOPTERA. Bickhardt, H.— Histeridae. 40, KiC.a-1). Black-
man, M. W. — Two bark-beetles attacking the trunks of white pine
trees. 5, xxvi, 85-96. Burke, H. E. — Biological notes on....
Chrysobothris femorata, and C. mali. 12, xii, 3:_'r>-:;(). Cham-
pion, G. C. — Another note on the habits of Melanophila acuminata.
8, 1919, 177-8. Crampton, G. C. — Notes on the ancestry of the
C. 13, xi, 49-54. Fenyes, A. — Staphylinidae, subfatn. Aleochari-
nae. 40, 17,'!a. Grouvelle, A. — Memoires entomologiques. Etudes
sur les Coleopteres. Fasc. 1-2. (Soc. Ent. France). Lameere, A.
— Cerambycidae, subfam. Prioninae. dO, 172. Matheson, R.—
Notes on Pelenomis sulcicollis (Curculionidae). 4, 1919, 199-201.
de Peyerimhoff, P. — Un nouveau type d'insectes Strepsipteres. 20,
1919, 162-73. Pic, M. — Notes sur le genre Astylus, et description
de deux esp. nov. (Melyridae). 20, 1919, 188-90. Weiss, H. B.—
Notes on Sulcacis lengi and Orchesia castanea, breeding in fungi.
4, 1919, 203-4.
Blatchley, W. S. — Insects of Florida. Supplementary notes on
the water beetles. 62, xli, 305-22. Fall, H. C.— New C., VIII.
4, 1919, 212-16.
HYMENOPTERA. Bordas, L.— Considerations generales sur
les glandes venimeuses des H. terebrants. 32, 1919. 94-1;. Brues,
C. T. — A n. *p. of the genus Scleroderma from the Galapagos Is-
lands. 61, ii, 309-10. Desey, A. — Instinct et intelligence experi-
ences sur I'ammophile. 33, lix, 8fi-95. Wheeler, W. M. — Ants of
the Galapagos Islands. Ants of Cocos Island. 61, ii, '.'59-308.
•
Banks, N. — The Psammocharidae of western N. A. 79, Ixiii,
229-48. Bridwell, J. C. — Miscellaneous notes on H., with descrip-
tions of n. gen. & sps. [mostly Hawaiian]. 37, iv, 109-165. Cush-
man, R. A. — Notes on certain genera of ichneumon flies, with de-
scriptions of a new gen. and 4 n. sps. 50, Ivi, 373-N2. Phillips &
Emery — A revision of the chalcid flics of the gt-nns Harmolita of
America north of Mexico. 59, Iv, 433-71. Stevens, O. A. — Pan-
gurgine bees of North Dakota and a new Kpeolus. 4, 1919, •.'05-10.
Timberlake, P. H. — Revision nf the parasitic chalcidoid flus of the
genera Homalntylus. and I -ipdromus, with description-. 50, Ivi,
133-94. Wheeler, W. M. A new paper-making Civmastogaster
from the southeastern I'. S. Ant- <>f 1'nhago I -land. 5, xxvi,
107-12; 113.
2/O ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Nov.. 'iCJ
Ax INVESTIGATION OF THE LOUSE PROBLEM. By WILLIAM MOORE,
Associate Professor of Entomology in the University of Minnesota,
and ARTHUR DOUGLASS HIRSCHFELDER, Professor of Pharmacology in
the same. Research Publications,. Univ. Minn., viii, No. 4, July, 1919.
86 pp., 2 figs., 16 tables. — A paper growing out of the recent war.
Although four-fifths of its pages are devoted to measures for check-
ing or destroying the clothes or body louse (Pcdiculus corpora}, a
number of biological observations, some confirmatory, others contra-
dictory, of the results of previous investigators occupy the early
parts. The authors' experiments were conducted on lice raised in an
incubator at 28-32 deg. C. and a relative humidity of 70-80 per cent.,
with two feedings on human volunteers per day. In dealing with the
pathological conditions produced by lice "which had never bitten dis-
eased individuals," the possibility that the insects were hereditarily
infected is not considered. The effects of ordinary laundry practice
as destructive of lice and nits were investigated and some suggestions
for certainty of death are offered. The most valuable part of the
paper deals with the action of pediculicides, especially those suitable
for impregnation of underwear, and is pervaded throughout with the
endeavor to determine the principles governing the toxicity of various
substances, in line with Prof. Moore's researches published in the
Jtninnil of Agricultural Research for 1917 and 10.18, instead of ex-
perimenting with all sorts of materials bv a hit-or-miss empirical
method.— P. P. C. (Adrt.)
SEVENTEENTH REPORT OF THE STATE ENTOMOLOGIST OF MINNESOTA.
By A. 0. RUGCLES. St. Paul, Minn., Dec. I. 1918. Rec'd. May 5, 1919.
—In addition to a general report on insect conditions in 1918, and
articles of economic interest on an oak twig girdler, Agrilus arcuatus
Say and var. torquatus Lee., "the worst pest of black oaks discovered
in recent years," the relative values of different arsenic salts for potato
spraying, the carpenter ant as a destroyer of sound wood (of the
white cedar), the occurrence of Drosophila in bottled milk, methods
of combating the confused flour beetle and the clover seed chalcid,
by Alessrs. Ruggles, Graham, Riley, Chapman and Williamson, this
vo'ume contains three longer papers of taxonomic and geographical
importance : a synopsis of the tribes and higher groups of the Aphidi-
dae by O. W. Oestlund, and preliminary reports on the TrombidiHa°,
and on the Hymenoptera, of Minnesota, by C. W. Howard and F. L.
Washburn respectively. Air. Howard has not identified the chigger,
which not only attacks man but also birds, as the prairie chicken,
quail and pheasants, in Minnesota, farther than that according to
Oudemans it should be the larva of a Microtrombidium. Prof. Wash-
burn gives professedly incomplete lists of the Hymenoptera actually
identified from the State, accompanied by three four-color plates and
excellent half-tone text figures.— P. P. C. (Advt.)
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IV
ENT. NEWS, Vol. XXX
Plate XI.
M,
H<5. Z
1. CAMPOSELLA INSIGNATA, N. GEN. ET SP. 2. LASIA SP.-COLE.
Cole — A new Genus in the Dipterous
Family Cyrtidae from South America 271
Ferris — A New Species of Pseudodias-
pis ( Hemiptera; Coccidae) 275
Nicolay — Additions to Insects of New
Jersey, No. 7 ... 276
Reinhard — Preliminary Notes on Texas
Tachinidae ( Uiptera ) 279 Davis-Preservatives lor Plant,
Cockerell— The Bees of the Rocky
Skinner — Hesperia syrichtus and mon-
ti vagus ( Lep.) 297
Bradlev — A new Tach\tes from Geor-
gia ( Hymenop. : Larridae) 298
Ireland— Sugaring for Moths 298
Editorial— After Thirty Years 299
A Loved and Respected Entomologist 300
Insects 3°°
Entomological Literature 301
Mountain National Park (Hymen.) 286 Notice of oberthur's Etudes de Lepid-
Williamson— Variation in Color Pat-
tern of the Dragonfly Gomphus cras-
sus ( Odonata) 204
opt£rologie CompaieV 304
Doings of Societies — Feldman Collect-
ing Social ( Dip., Coleop., Lepid. ). . . -04
Annual Meetings of Entomologists 296 | Correction
I __
A new Genus in the Dipterous Family Cyrtidae
from South America.
By F. R. COLE, U. S. Bureau of Entomology.
(Plate XI)
In material received at the United States National Museum
from Prof. F. Campos, of the Museum in Guayaquil, F.cua-
dor. there was included a remarkable new Cyrtid. Through
the kindness of Dr. J. M. Aldrich, of the National Museum.
1 am able to describe and figure this interesting specimen.
Among other characters there is an almost unbelievable de
velopment of the antennae, and it is small wonder that some
of the entomologists at the National Museum thought the\
were dreaming when they came across it in the collection.
CAMPOSELLA n. gen.
Head hemispherical, the occiput but little swollen,
pilose, contiguous from vertex to base of antenna.' and \videl\
separated from this point to the mouth opening, the space
being deeply excavated, although the- proboscis is quite nidi
mentary. Antennae in male about four times the length ol
the head; the first joint sunk in the head, the second ring like
271
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS "^ "
AND
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SECTION
THE ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES, PHILADELPHIA.
VOL. XXX. DECEMBER, 1919. No. 10
CONTENTS:
272 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
and short, the third enormous, about as wide as the vertical
diameter of the head, flattened and blade-like. Proboscis
about as long as height of head, small, cylindrical, pointed and
with fine hairs on the surface ; it is not rigid as in Lasia and
Enlonchus, and is clearly rudimentary, not being adapted for
feeding. Palpi are absent. The ocellar tubercle is rudimen-
tary and there are no ocelli.
Thorax large and inflated as in Lasia, quite thickly pilose,
the prothoracic lobes and upper pleura inflated and quite prom-
inent. Upper surface of scutellum rather flattened. Postalar
callosities of medium size. Squamae large and of thin tex-
ture, the surface and margins pilose. Legs of normal stout-
ness, all the tibiae enlarged at the tips and with a spur-like
projection above. Tarsi slightly compressed laterally. Claws
quite long and so formed that they can be brought together
along the inner surfaces. Puh'illi and cmpodia absent.
Abdomen large and inflated in appearance, although the
venter is flattened. Pile of abdomen quite noticeable. Geni-
talia similar to those of Enlonchus. Wing venation very near
that of Lasia; the lower branch of the fourth vein has dis-
appeared, however, and the upper branch of the third vein
ends in the first just beyond its juncture with the second. In
Lasia this is a variable character, but is constant in the species
as far as known.
Genotype: Cauiposclla insignata n. sp.
C. insignata n. sp.
$. — Length 13 mm., length of antennae 5 mm. Head and eyes
black with black pile. Eyes contiguous above and widely separated
below the antennae. Antennae contiguous at base, first joint scarcely
visible and yellow, second joint small, black and ring-like. The third
antennal joint has a rounded, short basal portion which expands into
a very large surface, flattened, very thin and rounded at the end.
The third joint is about four times as long as the head and about 6-10
as wide as long; it is velvety black and destitute of pile. Proboscis
rudimentary, slender, cylindrical and pointed, covered with very short
black pile. Face black, deeply excavated below the antennae (see
PI. XT, fig. ib). Occiput slightly swollen, the cheeks shining black
and pointed below the eyes. Ocellar tubercle rudimentary, black, with
a central depression which is thinly black pilose; ocelli absent.
Vol. XXX] KXTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 273
Thorax large and inflated, brownish black in color, the anterior
half thickly golden pilose with a few black hairs along the median
line. Posterior half of the dorsum (more or less abraded in this
specimen) black pilose, as are the postalar callosities. Scutellum col-
ored as the thorax, flattened, of nearly uniform width, with black pile
except in the center. Upper pleura inflated, yellow pilose above,
black below. Squamae smoky hyaline, the surface and border with
short black pile. Coxae blackish brown, the front pair yellowish
pilose, the others black pilose. Femora blackish brown with black
pile, paler at base and tip. Tibiae blackish, yellowish at tip, which is
enlarged and with a slender spur above. Tarsi yellow, the cla\v<
yellow at base. Tibiae and tarsi with very fine, short yellow pile.
\i< cm podia or puh'illi present.
Abdomen very broad and inflated, but the venter flat, the general
shape being very near that of Lasia, in which the fifth segment is
much smaller than the fourth. The first three abdominal segments
and hasal half of fourth with rather short black pile, posterior to this
the pile is golden yellow. Ground color of abdomen brownish black,
near a dark mahogany color. Venter clothed with reclinate golden
yellow pile. Genitalia blackish marked with yellow, with yellowish
pile.
\Yings brownish hyaline, a little darker near the base. Veins black-
ish. Venation nearly identical with that of l.asia (see PI. XI, fig. 2).
As in some species of Lasia the upper branch of the third vein (R4)
ends in the first (Ri+2+3) beyond its junction with the second.
The lower branch of the fourth vein is missing.
This remarkable species would go in the subfamily Pano-
pinae. Some of the genera in this group have a rudimentary
proboscis, such as Ocnaca and Astomella. It has several char-
acters in common with Lcsia, the general shape of the body
being strikingly near that genus and the venation is almost
identical. The Leptidae, Nemestrinidae and Cyrtidae are sep-
arated from o; h' r families by having the empodia dry 1
oped pulvilliform and i; is remarkable that this species -In mid
have no sign of pulvilli or empodia. The claws close to-
gether along the inner edges as in some of the \silidae, such
as Lcptoijustcr. some species of which have not even the
u^ual bristle-like empodia. This would seem to be a ver\
important and deep-seated character, but on account of its
close rcscmbla-ice to the genus l.nsin it would not seem ad
visablc to erect a new subfamilv to receive it. ( hving to the
274 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
great variation in this group of insects, characters which
might be considered generic in other families are of only spe-
cific value here. Ordinarily the absence of pulvilli and em-
podia would place it in a new family, but it is clearly a Cyr-
tid. and there are no corresponding changes elsewhere in the
organism. Most species of Anthrax lack pulvilli, but some
have them, so this is a variable character in the nearly related
Bombyliidae.
The antennae are very remarkable, but as we know only
the male they may be a secondary sexual character. Tn the
genus Eulonchus the third antennal joint is greatly enlarged
and in Ocnaca (in the subfamily Panopinae) there are several
species with a large third antennal joint. In Ocnaca schwarzi
Cole from Cuba the third antennal joint is large and laterally
compressed. In the Cvrtidae the two sexes are almost iden-
tical in appearance and if the remarkable antennae of Campo-
sella are a male ornamental character it will be the first in-
stance of this kind in the Cvrtidae. The unusual development
of the antennae gives a great sensitive surface and it may be
that this is utilized by the male in locating the female. The
overdevelopment of one organ may be at the expense of an-
other, and in this case the ocellar tubercle is rudimentary and
the ocelli absent, but this is another variable character in the
Cvrtidae.
In this species we have a connecting link between Lasla and
Ocnaea. Parasitism has undoub'edly modified other genera
in the Cvrtidae and we see here a changing species. The an-
cestral type was near I.asia and Eulonchus, both with a long
proboscis ; here the proboscis is aborted and the lower branch
of the fourth vein has disappeared. It is undoubtedly a de-
generate offshoot from the primitive type, the genus Panops
in Australia being another such branch.
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XI.
Fig. I. Camposella insignata n. gen. et sp. a. Last tarsal joint and
claws, showing absence of pulvilli. b. Drawing showing excavated
face and rudimentary proboscis. Most of the antennae are cut away
in this view of the head.
Fig. 2. Wing of Lasia sp., nomenclature according to the Comstock
system.
Vol. xxx ]
KXTOMOI.OCICAL NEWS
2— -
75
A New Species of Pseudodiaspis (Hemiptera;
Coccidae).
By (i. F. IM-.KKIS. Stanford L'ni\ ersity, California.
The exact nature of the genus Pseudodiaspis, as I have else-
where1 pointed out, is doubtful, but 1 have previously used the
genus for the reception of certain species of a more or le:-^
Diaspis-like type in which the circumgenital pores arc lacking
and the gland spines few or absent. As at present constituted
the genus is represented only in the southwestern part of the
United States and in Mexico. I am here describing a new
species from this area, which 1 likewise refer for the present
to this genus.
Pseudodiaspis multipora n. sp.
Type, host and locality. From an herbarium specimen of 1'hani-
dcndron flarcsccns (from oak), Julian, San Diego County, California.
Type in the Stanford Collection of Coccidae.
Pseudodiaspis >nnlti/>o>a n. sp.; pygidium.
1 Ferris, G. F. A Contribution to tin- Kium-lcdi^- of the Coccida<
of Southwestern United States. Stanford I'nk-crsity Publicati
University Scries. (1919.)
276 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [ Dec., '19
Scale. Scale of the female white, rather high convex, circular, with
the exuviae central, the second exuvia covered with secretion, the
first exposed and of a silvery color. Ventral scale quite thick, at-
tached at its margin to the dorsal scale. Scale of male not observed.
9. Length .8 mm. Of the usual turbinate form. Derm mem-
branous throughout except for the large and heavily chitinized pygi-
dium. Abdominal segments projecting slightly at the lateral margins,
without marginal gland spines but with numerous, small submarginal
ducts and a few such ducts on the dorsum.
Pygidium presenting a furrowed appearance. Anal opening at about
the center. Median lobes alone well developed, widely separated,
prominent, broad and with the tips rounded and minutely crenulate.
Second and third pairs of lobes represented merely by low promi-
nences. Gland spines wanting, except for a \ery small spine between
the first and second lobes. Spines small ; two between the median
lobes ; one both dorsally and ventrally at the outer, basal angle of
both the first and second lobes and two or three beyond these. Tubu-
lar ducts numerous, scattered, those of the margin no larger than
tnose of the dorsum. The arrangement may best be explained by the
figure. On the ventral aspect there are on each side three rows of
small ducts. Vaginal orifice directly beneath the anal orifice.
Notes. This is a rather peculiar species, perhaps most
closely resembling P. condaliac Ferris (ref. cited), but differ-
ing in many respects, especially in not having the cephalo-
thorax produced laterally and in the deeply furrowed appear-
ance of the pygidium.
Additions to Insects of New Jersey No. 7
By ALAN S. NICOLAV, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
Since the publication of list No. 6* by Mr. H. B. Weiss
the following records have been secured. Those followed by
(Dcke.) were turned over to me by Mr. Weiss who obtained
them through the courtesy of Prof. J. G. Sanders after the
death of Mr. V. A. E. Daecke. Since the publication of the
1909 list by Smith, .Mr. Daecke kept track of various addi-
tions and corrections as evinced by his notes. It was thought
advisable, however, to omit his corrections from this list and
lo use only the additions.
* Ent. News, vol. xxix, pp. 309-312.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 2J7
ODONATA.
Aeshna canadensis I".. M. \Vlk. Ri\ert<>n. Sept. :.':.' (Dcke.).
HOMOPTERA.
Idiocerus maculipennis Fitch. Jamesburg, July I ( Dcke.1.
Psyllia cephalica Craw. Hammontnn, May '.M; on hornbeam
(Nicolay & Weiss).
IIKMIPTERA.
Corizus bohemanii Sign. Merchantville, July 7 (Doke.).
Acalypta lillianis Bueno. Lakehurst, May 2 (Barber).
Corythucha mali Gibson. Lakehurst. May :?4; on apple (Barber).
Corythucha salicis O. & D. Ramsey, May 21; on willow (Bar-
ber).
COLEOPTERA.
Gyrohypnus fusciceps Lee. Riverton, May .'! (Dcke.).
Chalcophora fortis Lee. New Brunswick, June 1fi; on dead white
pine along Raritan River (West).
Poecilonota cyanipes var. erecta Gory. New Jersey (Nicolay
collection). Note. — P. cyanipes records should be referred to this
variety. The records of P. ihurcura Say from New Jersey are un-
doubtedly misidentifications and the species should be removed froiv
the list.
Agrilus pensus Horn. Newfoundland, July 4 (Nicolay).
Xestocis levettei Casey. Milltown, May IS; Union, May :.':',:
M.inmouth Jc., May 30; in Polyp.irus vcrsicolor and Pomes aplanatus
(West & Weiss).
Cis curtula Casey. Monmouth Jc., May 30. June 10: in Pol\porn.\
pcrciaiiit-uus (Weiss & West).
Sulcacis lengi Dury. Princeton Jc.; breeds in Polyporus rcrsi-
color, gilvus and hirsufus, also Lcn-itcs bctulina. Overwinters as
adult and larva (Weiss & West).
Xylotrechus aceris Fisher. Rutherford, August 16; one specimen
resting on maple leaf in nursery (Nicolay).
Zeugophora scutellaris Suffr. Arlington, June 23-August; com-
mon on poplar in a nursery, doing some damage. A European
-p'-ries (Nicolay).
Chaetocnema quadricollis Schwarz. Hammonton, July 8; Ruth
erford, June-Sept., Eatontown. August ;.'S: Westville, Little Silver.
Si'iith Amboy; on hibiscus (Dickerson & Weiss).
Apion hibisci Fall. Arlington, Rutherford; galls on petiole of
marsh mallow (Dickerson & Weiss).
LEPIDOPTERA.
Cosmia (Calymnia) orina Gn. Oraii'je Mts.; larvae on oak.
May 10; adults June 17 ( LemmerV
Tinea cloacella flaw. Matawan, New I'mnswirk: overwinters
as larva, breeds in ]\>l\ponis xitJphurcus and tsiithis (Weiss \- \\'est).
278 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
HYMENOPTERA.
Spathius trifasciatus Riley. Wenonah, July 15 (Dcke.).
Ichneumon inurbanus Cress. Manumuskin, September 20 (Dcke.).
Stomatoceras unipunctatipennis var. americensis Gir. Camden
Co. (Fox, Ent. News, vol. xxix, p. 127).
Closterocerus cinctipennis Ashm. New Brunswick, Asbury, High
Bridge, July. Parasitic upon eggs and larvae of Brachys oi'ata
(Weiss).
Exallonyx grandis Brues. Ramsey, August 22 (Jour. N. Y.
Ent. Soc., vol. xxvii, p. 17).
Andronicus truncata Cress. Tom's River. July 12 (Dcke.).
Bombus bimaculatus Cress. Brown's Mills, June 17 (Dcke.).
Metopius pollinctorius Say. Elizabeth; reared from a Luna moth
cocoon (Felt).
Ephedrus nitidus Gahan. New Brunswick; bred from cabbage
aphis.
DIPTERA.
Chrysopila proxima Wlk. Wenonah, May 30 (Dcke.).
Dasyllis cinerea Back. Brown's Mills, May 19 (Dcke.).
Psilopodinus comatus Loew. Orange Mts., July 1 (Wdt.).
Argyra calceata Loew. Fort Lee, July 4 (Wdt.).
Neurigona maculata V. D. Forest Hill, August (Wdt.).
Neurigona floridula var. infuscata, V. D. Wenonah, June 22
(Dcke.).
Dolichopus marginatus Aid. Barnegat City, August 12 (Har-
beck.).
Tachytrechus laticrus Coq. Manahawken, July 30 (Ent. News,
vol. xxix, p. 46).
Plagioneurus univittatus Loew. Cape May. August 9 (Dcke.).
Eumerus strigatus Fallen. (The lunate onion fly). Rutherford
Riverton, Orange; all summer and occasionally in greenhouses
during the winter. A European species now common in New
Jersey; larvae live in onions and bulbs, sometimes causing serious
injury (Nicolay).
Spilomyia quadrifasciata Say. Fort Lee, September 3 (Bequaert).
Crioprora cyanogaster Loew. Palisades, March 31; rare on
pussywillow (Nicolay).
Pipiza pistica Williston. Lakehurst, June 20 (Nicolay).
Myiolepta nigra Loew. Lambertville, April 19; flying along road
like bee (Nicolay).
Chilosia cyanescens Loew. New Brunswick, June 15 (Nicolay).
Xanthogramma felix O. S. Riverton, June 1 "> (Dcke.).
Helophilus bilinearis Williston. Secaucus, April 17-May 7; mod-
erately abundant on dogwood and other blossoms (Nicolay).
\ <>1. \\\ I ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 2Jg
Chrysochlamys buccata Loew. Malaga, April :.M; (Xicolay).
Criorhina notata Wicd. Manumuskin. May 19 (Dcke.).
Physocephala castanoptera Loew. Caldweil, August :, ( Xicolay).
Trichopoda lanipes Fahr. Mt. Airy. Philadelphia. I'u.. August
:?3 ( Laurent I.
Clausicella tarsalis Coq. Lucaston, May :KI (Dcke.).
Hypostena nitens Coq. Stone Ilarhor, July :.".) (Dcke.).
Phorocera tortricis Coq. Lucaston, August il (Dcke.).
Tachina rustica Fall. Forest Hill, August (\Vdt.).
Masicera chaetoneura Coc|. Forest I I ill, June (\Ydt. ).
Masicera festinans Meig. Forest Hill, June (\Ydt.).
Sturmia fraudulenta v. d. Wulp. Brown's Mills, May :>1 (Dcke.i.
Schizotachina convecta \Vlk. Lucaston, Sept. :i (Dcke.').
Theresia canescens Wlk. DaCosta, June 29 < Dcke.).
Helomyza latericia Loew. Lucaston. September 7 (Dcke.).
Ophthalmomyia lacteipennis Loew. Brown's Mills. June •.':.'
(Dcke.).
Camptoprosopella verticalis Loew. DaCosta, June .'5 ( Dcke.).
Preliminary Notes on Texas Tachinidae (Dipteral.
By H. J. RKINIIARD, Entomologist, Texas Experiment Sta-
tion, College Station, Texas.
Tlu- Tachinidae listed in this paper \vere all collected on
the campus of the Agricultural and Mechanical College, or
in the immediate vicinity of College Station, Texas, unless
otherwise mentioned. The relative abundance of flies in this
locality, belonging to the family, was the impetus to give them
more than casual attention. Three years of intermittent col-
lecting have resulted in a large number of specimens being
taken, many of which have not been heretofore recorded from
this state. The purpose of these collections was to determine
the relative abundance of the various species with a view to
asrrrtain their economic importance in a more comprehensive
manner at some future time.
All plant determinations were made through the kindness
of Messrs. H. Ness, Horticulturist, and H. H. Parks, Apicul-
turist. of the Texas Agriculture Kxperiment Station.
Archytas analis Fabrieus. This is one of the most co
Species of this locality. It appears in earlj February and is ver\
abundant throughout the spring and fall months. Less < oininon in
280 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
midsummer. 73 specimens were taken in 10 minutes on November 9,
1917. In early spring collections were made largely from broom weed,
.•hiiphiachyris dracunculoidcs Nutt.; in the fall it was common on
bitter weed, Helcnium tcnuifolium Nutt.. wild aster, .~1stcr latcriflorus
Rritton. Also common on Rndbcckia bicolor Nutt.; sweet clover,
Mclilotus alba Desv. : Prairie cacia, Cccitan illinocusis Kuntze, and
many others. Reported by Parks as abundant in wheat fields infested
by army worms in North Texas. Bred from army worm collected
by A. P. Swallow, at Denton. Texas; fly issued June, 1919. A series
of several hundred specimens taken, which vary from 7 to 15 mm. in
size. Also collected in Knox, Foard and Dallas Counties, Texas.
Previously reported from Waco, Texas, by Coquillett, Revis. Tachin.
N. A. 1897, p. 142.
Belvosia bifasciata Fabricus. A series of 108 specimens taken
on one afternoon, May 3, at Stillingia syh'atica L. A few specimens
collected from prickly ash, Xantho.rylum clara Herculis, sweet clover,
Mclilotits alba Desv., and Baccharius haliumfolia L. Two specimens
received from Center Point, Kerr County, Texas, and has been col-
lected at Navasota, Texas, by Parks. This is one of the robust and
more attractive species in this vicinity. Very conspicuous in nature,
by its black body and wings, and deep yellow on last two abdominal
segments. Macrochaetae abundant and well developed, varying some-
what in numbers and arrangement. The series is quite uniform in
size, the smallest specimen measuring 1 1 mm. and the largest 16 mm.
in length. Collecting dates range from April 17 to October I. Re-
ported from Waco, Texas, by Coquillett, Revis. Tachin. N. A. 1897,
p. 84.
Cistogaster immaculata Macquart. Adults collected from blos-
som of rtilitiiniitni capillaceum Hollick. This species is rather slug-
gish in its movements. Several specimens taken by sweeping grass.
Not abundant but persistently present throughout the spring and
summer. Probably a parasite of some Hemipterous host. Dr. Aid-
rich in Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., Vol. 8, March, 1915, p. 81, states that
there is no trustworthy breeding record. Abdomen of male yellow
and female black, destitute of stout macrochaetae. A series of twenty-
six specimens taken, dates ranging from April 7 to November n.
Reported from Texas by Coquillett, Revis. Tachin. N. A. 1897, p. 43.
Chaetogaedia analis v. d. Wulp. One male specimen collected by
A. H. Hollinger in Hamilton County, Texas. May 15. The specimen
was taken in connection with other species, in a wheat field heavily
infested by army worms. This may indicate a host relationship for
this species. It has been reported bred from lldiophilci miipunctu.
Not collected at College Station, Texas.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 28l
Celatoria diabroticae Shinier. A large series of specimens
taken from flowers and sweeping grass. Abundant throughout the
spring and summer. The specimens vary in size from 4 to 6 mm.
The characters which serve to separate this species from Tachinophyto
floridensis are obscure and the species may easily he confused.
Coquillett's description appeared under the name of Celatoria crawii,
Insect Life, Vol. 2, February, 1890, p. 235, and later it was placed in
synonymy with Celatoria diabrotlcae. \ few characters which serve
to separate it from Tachinophyto floridensis may be mentioned here.
Eyes bare, face much receding belowr ; antennae nearly as long as
face, arista thickened on basal half. Scutellum with three pairs of
marginal macrochaetae and a short discal pair, apical cell terminating
nearly at extreme wing tip and closed in the margin, third vein with
one strong bristle at base. This species is a parasite of Diabrotica
I'ittata and 12-punctata. Reported from College Station, Texas, by
Coqiiillctt, Revis. Tachin. N. A. 1897, p. 59.
Exorista pyste Walker. Common throughout the summer. Char-
acterized by a high-pitched note in flight, not unlike Winthemici
quadripustulata, which species it resembles in nature. Collected from
various flowers and particularly from foliage near the ground. Also
collected in Knox County, Texas. A parasite of Lepidoptera. Speci-
mens vary greatly in size, ranging from 4 to 8 mm. in length. Pre-
viously reported from Tiger Mills, Texas, by Coquillett, Revis. Tachin.
N. A. 1897. p. 93.
Frontina archippivora \Villiston. Not common, one male speci-
men taken in the insectary. May 4, 1918. Eight additional specimens
collected from flowers of broom weed, Amphiachyris dracunculaidcs
Nutt, in October, 1917. A moderately large species, the specimens
are nearly uniform in size. Reported as a parasite of several species
of caterpillars. Also collected in Knox County, Texas. Listed from
Texas by Coquillett, Revis. Tachin. X. A. 1897, p. 106.
Gonia capitata DeGeer. In this locality this species is uniformly
light yellow and more robust than the dark form of the north. Not
abundant, most common in late summer and fall. Collected from a
large number of wild flowers, most frequently on broom weed. Am[>hi-
acliyris dracunculoidcs Xutt. Also collected in Wilbarger County,
Texas, in May. 1919. A series of 34 specimens taken; all robust,
nearly uniform in size, but with large variations in color markings.
Collecting dates range from May 3 to Xm ember II. Reported from
Texas by Coquillett. Revis. Tachin. X. A. 1897, p. 133.
Heteropterina nasoni Coquillett. Xot abundant, but persistently
present throughout May. June and July. It has been reported as bred
Hum a grasshopper, by \\ . R. Walton, Proc. U. S. X. M., 1914, Vol.
282 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
48, p. 181. A rather small, light colored species, abdomen marked
with rows of black spots. In nature it resembles somewhat a species
of Sarcophagidae. Several specimens captured in insectary. It has
been taken by sweeping grass and from foliage near the ground. A
series of i/ specimens show a great variation in size, the smallest
measuring 3.5 and the largest 6 mm. in length. Jn some specimens
the sides of the face are bare, in others distinctly hairy.
Metopia leucocephala Rossi. This is another small species, but
more conspicuous with its silvery white shining face. A series of 37
specimens taken in May and June. Several specimens taken from
bare ground, more common on low foliage. There is no published
breeding record for this country, according to Dr. Aldrich, Ann. Ent.
Soc. Amer., March, 1915, Vol. 8, No. i, p. 83. Ranges in size from 4 to
7.5 mm. Previously recorded from Kennedy, Texas, by Coquillett,
Revis. Tachin. N. A. 1897, p. 127.
Myiophasia aenea Wiedemann. A medium large, shiny black
species, not abundant. More common in late summer and fall. Adults
collected largely from bitter weed, Helenium tcnuifoliiim Nutt. Col-
lecting dates range from March to October. Species vary from 6 to
0 mm. in length.
Neopales doryphorae Riley. This species is abundant in the
spring and summer. Aduhs collected from a large number of flowers
and especially from foliage near the ground. A moderately large
species nearly uniform in size ranging from 6 to 8 mm. in length.
Collected also in Knox County, Texas, May, 1919.
A new genus, Doryphorophaga, for the reception of this
species, was proposed by Dr. C. H. T. Townsend, Proc. Ent.
Soc. Wash.. Vol. 14, p. 164. W. R. Walton has already
pointed out, in Proc. U. S. N. M., Vol. 48, 1914, p. 183, sev-
eral reasons why he thinks the species should be retained in
the genus Neopales. Mr. Walton's statement : "The eyes are
thickly hairy in the male as a rule, those of the female being
so nearly bare in some cases as to require the utmost care in
order to see the hairs at all," has been found to be correct in
specimens examined. He further states that "the intermediate
segments of the abdomen seldom bear discal macrochaetae
in either sex, and are almost invariably absent in the female."
Examination of 144 specimens shows this statement to be
correct only in part. Out of 36 females examined 6 had discal
macrochaetae on the second and third abdominal segments,
Vol. xxx] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 283
ii with a weak pair of discal macrochaetae on the second
segment and none on the third, and 19 without any discal
macrochaetae. Examination of 108 males gave the following
figures: 42 with discal macrochaetae on the second and third
abdominal segments, 65 with discal macrochaetae on second
segment only, and only i in which were absent on both sec-
ond and third segments. Mr. Walton further states that the
ventral carina exists, but only slightly developed and not in
the sense that we find it in Cclatoria or Chaetopheps, and this
has been sustained upon examination of the entire series of
144 specimens. In conclusion he argues "that until further
and more reliable external characters, especially in the case
of the male, are discovered, it would seem expedient to re-
tain this species in the genus Ncopalcs, for the present."
Pachyophthalmus floridensis Townsend. A medium large species,
almost entirely destitute of strong macrochaetae and with three black
vittae on thorax gives it very much the appearance of a sarcophagid.
Collected largely from broom weed, Amphiachyris dracunculoides
Xutt. Frequently sits on foliage and grass near the ground. Not
abundant. Collecting dates from July to October. Specimens vary
from 6 to 9 mm. in length. Collected at Waco, Texas, according to
Coquillett, Revis. Tachin. N. A. 1897. p. 80.
Peleteria robusta Wiedemann. A robust species common in the
spring and fall, much less prevalent during midsummer. The southern
form of this species has more yellow on the sides of the abdomen
and lacks the bluish tinge of the northern form. Considerable varia-
tion in color markings. Has been collected and reported by Parks as
very abundant in wheat fields infested by the army worm in north-
west Texas. It was bred from the army worm : the adult fly issued
May 23, 1919. Specimens vary in size from 9 to 13 mm. Collected
in Wilbarger and Foard Counties. Reported from Texas by Coquil-
lett, Revis. Tachin. N. A. 1897, p. 140.
Phorocera claripennis Macquart. Very common throughout the
year. Collected from March to November from a large number of
plants. A parasite of Lepidoptera, and has been reported bred from
a large number of species. Reared from army worm, which was col-
lected in Hamilton County, Texas: the adult fly issued June 4, 1919.
Specimens vary greatly in sixe, the largest measuring \2 and the
284 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
smallest 5 mm. in length. Collected in Knox County, Texas. Listed
from Texas by Coquillett, Revis. Tachin. N. A. 1897, p. 102.
Plagia americana v. d. Wulp. A medium-sized, shiny black
species. Most common in early spring. Collected frequently in low
damp places from foliage near the ground. Rarely taken in midsum-
mer. Quite uniform in size, varying from 6 to 9 mm. in length.
Collected also in Knox County, Texas.
Plagiprospherysa parvipalpis v. d. Wulp. Common in the spring
and summer. 17 specimens taken in the insectary in June and July.
Collected from aphid-infested cotton and cucumber foliage. Speci-
mens vary greatly in size, ranging from 4 to 8 mm. in length.
Senotainia rubriventris Macquart. Not very abundant but present
throughout the year. Collecting dates range from March to Novem-
ber. Frequently collected from bare ground. Probably a parasite of
some soil-burrowing host. Prof. Herbert Osborn observed this spe-
cies entering the burrow of a pompilid wasp (Ohio Naturalist, Vol. 7,
p. 38). The specimens vary from 4.5 to 8.5 mm. in length.
Senotainia trilineata v. d. Wulp. Abundant from April to Octo-
ber. Like the above species, it is most commonly collected from the
ground and it probably parasitizes some similar soil-burrowing host.
Dr. Aldrich, Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., Vol. 8, March, 1915, p. 82, states,
"Presumably they parasitize these (burrowing) Hymenoptera as their
European congeners do, but none have been bred in this country."
A large series of specimens taken, varying from 3 to 6 mm. in length.
Listed from Texas by Coquillett, Revis. Tachin. N. A. 1897, p. 80.
Sturmia albifrons Walker. A medium large species, not fre-
quently collected here, adults taken from low foliage. Specimens vary
from 7 to 10 mm. in length. Reported from Paris and Waco, Texas,
by Coquillett, Revis. Tachin. N. A. 1897, p. no.
Sturmia distincta Weidemann. One of the more robust species
of this genus. Rather common from July to October, but not abundant
at any time. Frequently taken from cowpea foliage. Varies from 8
to ii mm. in length. Previously reported from Palestine, Texas, by
Coquillett, Revis. Tachin. N. A. 1897, p. in.
Sturmia limata Coquillett. Not often collected. Smaller than
either of the above species and may be recognized by the shiny black-
color of the last two abdominal segments. Several specimens taken
from low foliage, one from Saccharins heliumfolia L. About uniform
in size, measuring 6 to 7 mm. in length.
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 285
Tachinophyto floridensis Townsend. A common species, which
has been collected from May to November. Taken from flowers and
by sweeping grass. The species is small and varies in size from 4 to
7 mm. in length. It resembles Cclatoria diahroticuc very clos< -ly.
few characters which may serve to distinguish it are given here.
Eyes nearly bare, microscopically, sparsely hairy; face receding
below, antennae usually not reaching the oral margin, arista thickened
on basal 2-5; scutellum with three marginal and a shorter discal pair
of macrochaetae, with an additional suberect apical pair, sometimes
very small. Apical cell narrowly open and ending shortly before ex-
treme wing tip. Third vein with at least two bristles near the base.
Tachinophyto dunningii Coquillett. An abundant, minute specie-,
readily recognized by the shiny black abdomen with the narrow bases
of last three segments white pollinose. Collected from flowers, but
more frequently from low foliage. Common from May to October.
Series of specimens about uniform in size, measuring 5 mm.
Tachinophyto vanderwulpi Townsend. A small species like the
above. Much less abundant. Frequently taken in company with
Tach'uiophyto floridensis, which species it resembles closely, although
usually smaller. Collected largely from foliage near the ground.
Specimens range from .4 to 5.5 mm. in length.
Trichophora ruficauda v. d. Wulp. Collected from April to
November from foliage and flowers. Persistently common, but not
abundant. Usually elongate, but some specimens are robust and re-
semble Pelcteria robusta very closely. Specimens range from 8 to II
mm. in length. Listed from Texas, by Coquillett, Revis. Tachin. N. A.
P- 139-
Winthemia quadripustulata Fabricus. Very abundant and wide-
spread. Common throughout the year. Collected from many different
flowers, but it can be more frequently taken from low foliage and
grass. Tn flight it has a distinct high-pitched note. A long series of
specimens show a great variation in color markings. The most com-
mon form has the sides of the abdomen yellow, but frequently yellow
only, on the second and third segments. Tn several specimens the
abdomen is wholly black except the last segment, which is yellow. A
few others have the abdomen bright orange-yellow excepting a medium
dorsal row of black spots. Also a great variation in size, specimens
ranging from 5 to 12 mm. in length. Reported by Parks as very
abundant in wheat fields infested by the army worm of northwest
Texas. A parasite of Lepidoptera and reported as having been bred
from a large number of species.
286 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
The Bees of the Rocky Mountain National Park
(Hymenop.).
By T. D. A. COCKEREI.L, Boulder, Colorado.
A large area in the most beautiful and interesting part of
the Colorado Rocky Mountains has recently been set aside as
a National Park. To this playground come many thousands
of people every summer to enjoy the relatively cool climate,
the mountain scenery, the plant and animal life. Mr. Enos
Mills, of Longs Peak Inn, has .written a number of excellent
popular books, describing the country and giving his observa-
tions on the habits of bears, beavers and other animals. He
has tried for many years to stimulate an intelligent interest
in nature, while at the same time curbing that spirit of de-
struction which leads people to shoot the animals and pull up
plants in a wholesale and reckless manner. Occasionally
someone breaks the rules, but on ihe whole the behavior of
visitors to the Park, at least in the vicinity of Longs Peak-
Inn, is excellent. The multitude, coming primarily for rest
and recreation, finds itself in a new kind of school, where
fresh impressions and ideas are received every hour. One
must be extraordinarily dull not to return from such a holi-
day with new intellectual interests as well as increased physi-
cal vigor. The Park is new, and awaits development in vari-
ous directions. One of the principal items on the program
should be a Natural History Survev. The intensive and sci-
entific study of such an area would produce results of the
greatest interest to all biologists, and would make possible
many interpretations of natural phenomena instructive to ordi-
nary non-scientific visitors. The indiscriminate collecting of
specimens should not be encouraged, but materials must be
gathered in a systematic manner to determine the character
and distribution of the biota. We should have a committee
or commission to carry on the undertaking after the manner
of the Clare Island Survey, the results of which have been
published by the Royal Irish Academy. Following the tech-
nical investigations, the general results and more interesting
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 287
details should be re-interpreted in popular fashion for the
use of the average citizen.
In the course of a week in the Park, during July, 1919, my
wife and I collected bees. The series obtained evidently rep-
resents only a minority of the species actually existing in the
area, but is worth recording. The names of the localities are
abbreviated as follows :
(i) Canadian Zone.
L. — Long's Peak Inn. July 19 and 21.
T. S. — Twin Sisters Mountain, directly east of Long's Peak Inn.
All the collecting was done on the lower slopes, in the Canadian Zone,
July 23.*
L. P. T. — Long's Peak trail, July 18. Most of the collecting was
done in the Canadian Zone, but a few specimens probably were from
the Hudsonian.
(2) Hudsonian Zone.
H. — Hudsonian Zone on Long's Peak trail, July 22.
(3) Arctic-alpine Zone.
T. L. — Just above timber line on the Long's Peak trail, July 20. The
two species from Pentstemon flowers were at timber line.
B. — Battle Mountain, well above timber line, July 20.
COLLETIDAE.
Colletes kincaidii Ckll. L., one $.
Collates sp L., one <J .
Colletes sp. L., one 9. This and the preceding are apparently
new, but they may have been described in Professor Swenk's re-
vision, not yet published.
PROSOPIDIDAE.
Prosopis personatella Ckll. L., 2 9 •
Prosopis varifrons Cress. L., 2 $ . H, 1 3, 4?. L. P. T.,
1 $.
Prosopis tridentula Ckll. L. P. T., 1 $.
Prosopis coloradensis Ckll. L., 2 9. These arc considerably
larger and more robust than /'. tucrtonis Ckll., generally considered
to be the female of coloradensis. Possibly tiicrtniiis is distinct after
all. but I cannot assert this at present.
* l hi Twin Sisters, in an aspen strove, I took several specimens of
the Tipulid rly Ormosia cuckcrclli ( det. Alexander), a little yell<>\\
species <1 -M-ribed by Coquillett under Rhypholophus in igoi, from a
single specimen which I took in the Hudsonian Zone in XYw Mexico.
Mr. Alexander had never seen any but the type.
288 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
ANDRENTDAE.
Andrena birtwelli Ckll. T. S., 1 9 at Potcntilla.
Andrena lewisii Ckll. T. S., 1 9 at Rosa.
Andrena moesticolor Yier. & Ckll. L. P. T., at Pntcntilla. 1 $.
Andrena apacheorum Ckll. L., 1 9 , 1 <5 . L. P. T., 3 $, at
Erigeron and Senecio.
Andrena topazana Ckll. L., 1 9, July 19, the dorsal pubescence
gone and wings tattered.
Sphecodes eustictus Ckll. I... 5 9. T. S., 1 9. H.. 1 9. T. L.,
1 9. This species has remarkable altitudinal range; it was describ-
ed from the lower part of the Transition Zone.
Sphecodes millsi n. sp.
f? . Length about / mm. ; head and thorax black, with silvery white
hair, dense on face: apical half of mandibles red; legs black, with the
knees, fore tibiae except a large mark on outer side, apices of
middle and hind tibiae, and all the tarsi, clear ferruginous; antennae
long, moniliform, the rlagellum dull testaceous beneath; second and
third joints equal, and combined almost as long as fourth; mesothorax
and scutcllum highly polished, with sparse hut distinct punctures ; area
of metathorax large, semilunar, covered with coarse vermiform rugae-;
posterior truncation very coarsely punctured ; tegulae dark reddish
brown ; wings hyaline, stigma and nervures fusco-ferruginous ; third
submarginal cell very lar-?e, broad above ; spurs pale ferruginous :
abdomen elongate, smooth and highly polished ; first segment black
with apical margin broadly red : second and third red with a broad
black band, suffusedly interrupted laterally; fourth black with apical
margin broadly red; fifth black, as also sixth; apical plate red.
Longs Peak Inn, on an umbelliferous flower, July 21
(Cockerell). Named after Enos Mills. Allied to S. clema-
tidis Rob., but larger, wi'h the abdomen differently marked.
From S. sulcatulns Ckll. it is easily known by the largely red
legs.
Halictus lerouxii Lepel. T. S., 1 $ at Orcocarya virgata.
Halictus galpinsiae Ckll. T. L., 1 $ . I was astonished to find
this at such an altitude.
Halictus virgatellus Ckll. L., 1 $. The male is new, and is
determined as this species because it has the characters to be expected
in male rir(jatcllns. It differs from H. typographies Ckll. by the
entirely dark antennae, grayish wings and much darker stigma.
Halictus pruinosiformis Crawf. L., 1 9 .
Halictus peraltus Ckll. L., 1 $, July 19 (IF. /'. O.
Halictus nigricallis Vachel. L., 1 $. The tubercles have a small
inconspicuous pale spot posteriorly.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 289
Halictus peralpinus n. sp.
9 . Length about 6.5 mm., anterior wing 5.4 mm. ; black, including
legs, but the flagellum with a light fulvous streak beneath, not reach-
ing base or apex; hair of head and thorax scanty, sordid white; head
longer than broad ; mandibles reddened at apex ; lower part of clypeus
shining, upper part dull; supraclypeal area shining; front dull, the
whole surface minutely sculptured between the punctures; mesothorax
dull, with very fine punctures, and the surface lineolately sculptured
between ; area of metathorax very finely and delicately wrinkled ;
tegulat piceous ; wings dusky hyaline, stigma reddish brown; hind
spur pectinate with few spines ; abdomen shining, not banded, hind
margins of segments brownish.
Longs Peak trail, Colorado, above timber line, July 20. 1919
(Wilmattc P. Cockerel!}.
Differs: (a) from divetgens Lovell by the larger, broader
head, dull mesothorax, and absence of distinct white hair-
patches on abdomen; (b) from dasiphorae Ckll. by the dull
mesothorax, without punctures distinctly visible under a lens,
and the pale streak on flagellum; (c) from inconditus Ckll.
by the dull mesothorax.
Halictus supranitens n. sp.
9. Length about 6 mm., anterior wing about 5.3 mm.; black, in-
cluding legs and antennae, apical half of mandibles reddened; hair of
head and thorax scanty, sordid white ; head rather elongated, with
prominent clypeus, which is shining, with large sparse punctures;
supraclypeal area and sides and lower part of front shining, the front
extremely densely and finely punctured; mesothorax and scutellum
polished, with fine rather sparse punctures; area of metathorax very
finely wrinkled, its posterior margin prominent, obtuse, shining; pos-
terior truncation shining, concave in lateral view : tetuilae black with
a brown spot; winvs hyaline, stigma and nervures reddish brown:
second submarginal cell broad ; legs with white hair, a red brush at
end in" hind hasitarsus ; hind spur with three large spines; abd<mien
shining, pruinose with dull white pubescence, but without distinct
bands or hair-patches.
Longs Peak frail. Colorado, above timber linr, Inly 20. njn.i
(Cockerel!). Differs: (a) from inconditns Ckll. by the clear
wings, more shining thoracic dorsum, and shining posterior
rim of metathoracic enclosure; (b} from dasiphorae Ckll. by
similar characters: (c) from dii'erycns Lovell by the dark
tegulae, clear wings, etc.
2QO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
Halictus glaucovirens n. sp.
2. Like //. pruinosiformis Crawf.. but head elongated as in H.
pniiiwsus Rob., from which it differs by the darker flagellum, and
more strongly and less densely punctured mesothorax, with a shining
sparsely punctured area on each side of the middle. The insect is
glaucous green, with pure white pubescence ; wings hyaline, stigma
pale yellowish, subcostal nervure black. The thorax is not so robust
as in pruinosus.
Longs Peak trail, above timber line, July 20, 1919 (Cock-
er ell.}
Halictus hudsbniellus n. sp.
9. Length about 5 mm.; slender, with unusually pointed abdomen;
head and thorax olive-green, the scutellum and mesopleura more glau-
cous green: labrum and apical half of mandibles red; flagellum strongly-
reddened except at base' pubescence pure white; legs black, with the
knees, tibiae at apex and the tarsi reddened ; tegulae yellowish testa-
ceous ; wings hyaline, stigma and nervures testaceous, subcostal ner-
vnre black; arHomen apricot-color, shining, the third and following
segments pruinose with white hair. Head subcircular; front shining;
mesothorax dullish, finely punctured; scutellum shining; area of meta-
thorax appearing minutely granular, but under compound microscope
showing irregular vermiform anastomosing raised lines; the meso-
thorax posteriorly is more or less (microscopically) transversely sul-
catulate: hind spur with four large spines.
Longs Peak trail, Hudsonian Zone, July 22 (Cockerell}.
The altitude of the locality is probably about 10,500 feet.
Related to H. scrophulariae Ckll., but smaller, and easily
separated by the red labrum, much redder antennae, abdomen
more hairy on apical parts with the surface of fourth and
fifth segments darkened under the hair. From H. clemati-
sellns Ckll. it is known by the much more hairy abdomen.
The head is not nearly so broad as in H. clarissimus Ellis.
Halictus sp. L. P. T., 1 $, at Scnccio (IV. P. C.}. An un-
described male which I cannot clearly associate with any known fe-
male ; it is perhaps a new species. It is a small Chloralictus with olive-
green mesothorax, black abdomen, and pale testaceous stigma.
Halictus viridatulus n. sp.
9 . Like H. riridatits Lovell, with the same highly characteristic
radiating plicae on area of metathorax, though these are not quite so
strong. It differs from //. riridatus by the dusky stigma and entirely
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
black abdomen. The antennae are only slightly reddish beneath to-
ward apex. Supraclypeal area and upper part of clypeus brassy ;
front blue-green, dullish, very densely punctured, its lower part micro-
scopically transversely lineolate; mesothorax and scutellum dullish
rather dark blue-green; pleura dark blue-green: tegulae piceous ; wings
dusky; stigma and nervures dilute brownish; hind spur with large
spines ; abdomen polished ; second segment with thin white hair at
sides and base ; third and following segments thinly hairy all over.
Longs Peak Inn, Colorado, July 19 (Cockerel!). Also one
on July 21. A western mountain representative of H. I'iri-
datus. The sculpture of the metathoracic area separates it at
once from the superficially similar H. ruidoscnsis Ckll. In
the second specimen the upper part of clypeus and supra-
clypeal area are not brassy.
PANURGIDAE.
Halictoides maurus Cress. H., 1 $ .
Halictoides harveyi Ckll. L. P. T., 1 $ at Potcntilla. L., 1 $.
Panurginus cressoniellus calochorti Ckll. T. S., 1 $ , 1 9. L.,
85,79.
Panurginus bakeri Ckll. H., 1 $ , 1 9.
Panurginus porterae Ckll. L., 1 $ (jr. P. C.).
NOMADIDAE.
Nomada fontis Ckll. L., 1 $, July 19 (W. P. C.}. Evidently
this species, but possibly a local (mountain) race, as it differs from
the type by the blacker abdominal bands, larger yellow mark on sides
of second segment, and pair of subdorsal yellow spots on fourth and
fifth segments.
Nomada (Phor) siccorum n. sp.
$ . Length nearly 7 mm. ; head, thorax and abdomen black, with
creamy-white markings ; pubescence very scanty, white, tinged with
brown on thorax above; head broader than long; eyes gray; face with
appressed silvery hair ; labrum, mandibles except apically, narrowly
interrupted band on lower margin of clypeus, lower corners of face
with linear extension upward, and the swollen scape anteriorly, all
yellowish-white; flagellum black or nearly so above, ferruginous be-
neath ; third antennal joint much shorter than fourth ; mesothorax
dull, rugosopunctate, wholly black; tubercles with a light spot; meso-
pleura with a transverse white mark anteriorly; scutellum (which is
not prominent) and niftathorax wholly black; tegulae bright ferru-
ginous ; wings slightly dusky, strongly so on apical margin ; stigma
dull rufous, nervures fuscous; basal nervure meeting transversomedial ;
ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
first recurrent ncrvure joining middle of second submarginal cell;
legs ferruginous, black at base, and variably black posteriorly, the hind
pair strongly so ; fore and middle tibiae with a white dot at base and
larger spot apically ; hind tibiae with a large white mark at each end,
the interval between blackened ; abdomen brown-black, the first four
segments with interrupted cream-colored bands, that on second ex-
tremely broad, the fifth and sixth with entire bands, bands on second
and third segments emarginate on each side posteriorly, the next two
enclosing black spots; apical plate narrow, entire; venter reddish
marked with white.
Longs Peak Inn, in a dry sandy spot, July 21 (Cockerell).
Quite distinct from the other species of Phor. Among Cres-
son's species of Nomada, it suggests N. gracilis, but that has
the apical plate of abdomen notched and the abdomen is dif-
ferently marked. In my table of Rocky Mountain species it
inns to Ar. aqnilantin, which differs in the antennae, etc.
Nomada sedae n. sp.
$ . Length nearly 9 mm. ; head, thorax and legs ferruginous, marked
with black, the only yellow being a spot on each side near apex of
metathorax ; head broad; eyes very dark reddish; mandibles simple;
disc of clypeus extremely finely punctured; lower middle of front,
region of ocelli, and cheeks posteriorly, black; antennae red above
and below; third joint fully as long as fourth, perhaps a little longer;
mesothorax closely punctured, with a single median black band ; meta-
thorax with a broad median black band; mesopleura red, but sides of
thorax black anteriorly and posteriorly; tegulae yellowish-ferruginous;
wings dusky, with the usual hyaline area ; stigma clear ferruginous,
nervures fuscous ; basal nervures going a short distance basad of
transversomedial ; second submarginal cell very large, receiving recur-
rent nervure in middle ; legs red, fore and middle femora with a
large black basal spot beneath, hind coxae black behind except at
apex, hind femora rather extensively blackened at base and behind ;
abdomen red, shining, the first segment with more than basal half
black, and four minute obscure yellowish spots along the margin of
the black; apex of first segment, and second and third subapically,
with blackish bands ; second and third segments with very broad but
broadly interrupted bright yellow bands ; fourth with an entire band
deeply emarginate posteriorly at sides; fifth with a band interrupted
on each side, leaving a round lateral yellow spot; margin of fifth with
a band of dense silvery white tomentum ; pygidial plate very large,
thinly hairy; venter red without yellow markings.
Vol. XXxJ ENTO.MOI.OdlC AI. NKWS 293
Longs Peak Inn, July 21. at flowers of Scdiun stenopetalum
(IT. P. Cockerel!) . Runs in the Rocky Mountain key (Bull.
i>4, Colo. Agr. Exper. Station) to 65, but is quite distinct from
.iV. libata, coloradcnsis or mcra. On account of the structure
of the antennae it falls near N. alpha Ckll., from which it is
easily known by the markings.
MELECTIDAE.
Phileremus americanus Cress. H., 1 $.
ANTHOPHORIDAE.
Anthophora smithii Cress. L., 1 £ . This differs from the
New Mexico race (cardui Ckll.) by having the clypeus, etc., clear
white (cream-color in cardui), and the eyes purplish-gray (pale green
in cardui).
Clisodon terminals Cress. L., 2 ?. T. S., 1 9 . L. P. T..
1 9.
Melissodes kelloggi n. sp.
$. Length about 9 mm. Runs in my table of Melissodes (Trans.
Am. Ent. Soc.. xxxii, p. 76) to M . rii'alis Cress., but is smaller and
otherwise different. The general aspect is that of M. ayilis Cress.,
but it is readily distinguished by the dark purplish or blue-green (not
pale green or pea-green) eyes, the entirely black labrum and base of
mandibles, the darker antennae (flagellum black above) and the dark
fuscous nervures. Compared with subayilis Ckll., it is at once dis-
tinguished by the color of eyes and antennae. The thorax has very
pale ochreous tinted hair, with no dark hairs on the dorsum.
Longs Peak Inn, July 19 and 21 (T. D. A. and }\\ P.
Cockerel!). 5 $. Dedicated to Professor Vernon Kellogg,
in recent years distinguished for his great services to human-
ity, but long ago a keen collector and student of the insects
of the Long's Peak region.
MEGACHILIDAE.
Coelioxys ribis Ckll. L., 1 9 (W. P. C.).
Coelioxys moesta Cress. L. P. T., at Senccio, 1 9 (IV. P. C.).
Megachile montivaga Cress. L. P. T., at Phacelia. 1
(W. P. C.). L., 3 $•
Megachile pugnata Say. H., 1 $ . L., 1 9 , 1 $ •
Megachile wootoni Ckll. T. L., 2 $ above timber line, one 9
at Pcntstciiion slcni'St'htlns. at timber line (IT. P. C.}. T. S., fls.
Campanula, i $ .
Megachile vidua Smith. L., 1 $.
294 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
Monumetha albifrons Kirby. L., 2 9,1 S (one 9 at Astragalus').
T. S., i 9, 2 $.
Ostnia armaticeps Cress. L., 2, one at Gaillardia. L. P. T., 2
(one at Arnica). All the numerous specimens of Osmia taken, rep-
resenting eight species, were females.
Osmia fulgida Cress. T. S., 1 (W . P. C.).
Osmia megacephala Cress. T. S., 1 at Cirsium. L. P. T., one at
Thcrmopsis (W. P. C.).
Osmia pentstemonis Ckll. H., 1. T. L., 2 at Pcntstcmon
stcnoscpalns (W. P. C.). L., 2 (one at Astragalus).
Osmia longula Cress. L., 2 at Astragalus.
Osmia wardiana Ckll. L., 1.
Osmia densa Cress. L., 3 at Astragalus. T. S., 2 at Cirsium.
Osmia albolateralis Ckll. L., 6 (5 at Astragalus').
Anthidium tenuiflorae Ckll. L., 2 9,1 $.
BoMBIDAE.
All the specimens taken were workers.
Bombus mixtus Cress. B., 1.
Bombus edwardsii bifarius Cress. T. L., 2 (one at Elefhantclla,
W. P. C.).
Bombus flavifrons Cress. H., 2.
Total 57 species ; 9 new. The types of the latter are in
the writer's collection.
Variation in Color Pattern of the Dragonfly Gomphus
crassus (Odonata).
By E. B. WILLIAMSON, Bluff ton, Indiana.
"Walsh's remark (Proc. Ent. Soc. Phila. II, p. 239, 1863) that the
Illinois species of Gomphus seem to have the appendages of the males
'nearly as uniform as a set of castings from the same foundry and
the same mould' seems to hold true for these three species, (fraternus.
c.vtcrnus, crassus) but his statement as to the specific value of minute
differences of coloration and its constancy must evidently be modified
in view of the variations above detailed." — Calvert, Ent. News, XII,
pp. 72 and 73, March, 1901.
In ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS, May, 1906, p. 148, I mentioned
specimens of Gomphus which were intermediate between
crassus and fraternus. At that time I still thought of fraternus
as a species with the dorsum of abdominal segment 9 black
and of crassus as a species with the dorsum of the same seg-
ment with a yellow spot or bar. Moreover, at that lime I did
Vol. XXX] KNTOMOI.OMCAL NEWS 295
not have my present ability in discriminating likenesses and
differences in abdominal appendages. The material, upon
which the notes of 1906 were made, is now widely scattered in
collections and a re-examination of it is impossible. But tor
several years past 1 have had it iu mind to repeat the observa-
tion again at the earliest opportunity, a> 1 felt some doubts as
to the accuracy of my earlier conclusions.
A chance to make this study came this year, when on June
8, 1919, I found G. crassus again abundant at a ripple in the
\Yabash where the river flows along the city corporation line
of Bluffton, Indiana. Only two gomphines were on the wing
at the ripple and these were G. crassus and f rat emus. Of the
former seventy-six males and eleven females, and of the latter
about twenty males were taken. These specimens, it may be
repeated, were all taken at one short ripple on the same day.
A constant color character not hitherto employed for separ-
ating the males of the two species was detected. In fratcrnus
the sterna of abdominal segments 8 and 9 are largely yellowish.
In crassus the same sterna are largely brown, patterned in
lighter and darker brown, with the only pale area a greenish
or yellowish bar, or two spots, anterior to the parameres. The
seventy-six males of crassus were so colored and the append-
ages of all were identical.
But in the color pattern of the dorsum of the apical abdom-
inal segments the seventy-six males of crassus showed a wide
variation. The following tabulation bv groups will give a fair-
ly accurate statement of the facts :
Group I. A minute basal dorsal yellow spot on 8, dorsum
of y and 10 bljick 2 males
Group II. Like I, but spot on 8 slightly larger 12 males
Group III. Like II, but spot on 8 slightly larger and segment
9 with a dorsal basal yellow point 10 males
Group IV. Segment 8 about as in III or spot slightly larger,
spot on y slightly larger iS males
Group V. Spot on S larger than in IV. on segment y about
one-fourth to one-third the length of the segment 13 males
(iroup VI. Similar to V. but spot on -.eminent ') one-half <>r
slightly more than half the length of the segment 10 males
Group VII. Similar to VI. but spot on segment y wider and
reaching or almost reaching the apex of the segment... <> males
296 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
('.roup VIII. Similar to VI, but the spot on segment 9
wider and reaching the apex, but not as wide as the black
on either side of it 4 males
Group IX. Yellow on segment g as wide as the black on
either side of it, segment 10 with a rounded dorsal yel-
low spot i male
Referring to the dorsum of segment 10, mentioned in group IX, its
color in the other groups may be briefly tabulated : black in two of I,
eleven of II. eight of III, twelve of IV. five of V, three of VI, and one
of VII ; with a narrow crest or spot of yellow (often almost micro-
scopic) on the middorsum of segment 10, one of II, two of III, six
of IV, eight of V, seven of VI, five of VII, and four of VIII.
The eleven females of crassus may be grouped as follows :
Group I. Dorsum of segments 9 and 10 black 7 females
Group II. Dorsum of 9 and 10 each with a small yellow
spot, subbasal on 9, submedian on 10 3 females
Group III. Spot on 9 prolonged as a median line to apex
of segment, spot on 10 larger than in groups I and II... i female
In view of this material I believe my reference in 1906, re-
ferred to above, to intermediates between crassus and fratcnius,
should be disregarded, and T know of no evidence pointing to
the interbreeding of these two species.
Several cases of the capture in couple of sexes of different
species have been recorded. The most unique I have encoun-
tered was met when I took a male Argia tibialis flying with a
female Lcstcs uncatits along the Aboite River, seven miles
southwest of Ft. Wayne, Indiana, July 6, 1919. During the
time they were observed before capture several unsuccessful
attempts at copulation were made.
At this date Argia tibialis was abundant along the Aboite
River, which is only a creek eight to fifteen feet wide, while
Lcstcs micatiis was at home in numbers at nearby small wood-
land swamps from one of which the female along the creek
had doubtless wandered.
Annual Meetings of Entomologists.
The annual meeting of The Entomological Society of America will
be held on Monday and Tuesday, December 29 and 30, 1919, and that
of The American Association of Economic Entomologists on Wednes-
day, December 31, 1910, and Thursday and Friday, January i and 2,
1920, both at St. Louis, Missouri.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 297
Hesperia syrichtus and montivagus (Lep.).
By HKXKY SKIXNKK.
Dr. J. I,, keverdin has published an interesting article* on
Ilcspcria syrichtus Kal>. Ik- gives tin- synonymy of the specie-
and has made an extrusive study of (lie genitalia from num-
erous specimens. As this is a North American species, it is
of interest to our students of the butterflies. He describes and
figures the typical form and also two new varieties, fitmosa
and syrichtides. Fitmosa is the common form at l\'/y West.
Florida. The whole underside of the secondaries is light brown.
It has been a matter of considerable interest to know what
the Pyrgns montivagus of Reakirt is. 1 have previously
pointed outt that montivagus Reak. is a synonym of svrichtns
Fab. The evidence that this is so is very good, but it is hard-
ly possible to know these things absolutely. Montirac/us has
been treated in different ways by a number of authors. The
original description says: "Hab. — Rocky Mountains, Colorado
Territory. (Coll. Tryon Reakirt)." "Mexico, near Yera
Cruz." "Win. H. Fdwards." "Most probably an Alpine
modification of the common Pyrgns oilcns." P\r<;ns oilcus
West. -Humph, pi. 38, fig. 14-15, is said by the aiuhors to be
a North American insect and the figures probably represent
syriclitus Fab., where it is placed by Kirby in his catalogue.
The Tryon Reakirt collection was purchased bv Herman
Strecker and it is now in the Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois.
Streckcr citesi as the types of inonti-rat/ns, "( hv.- ^ , one 9 ,
Rocky Mts., Colorado, Coll. Reakirt."
Mr. \Y. J. Gerhard, of the Field Museum, has supplied me
with information in regard to these tvpes.
"There are in his collection (Streckcr) two specimens, a male and
a female, with a red-bordered pin label on each and with the inscrip-
tion, 7'vn/H.v nii'iitirnfiHs, Colorado. Reak. ( )ri.u. type. Coll. Reakirt/
The male, which is spread to show the under side, is of average size,
and. with one exception, agrees exactly with tin- specimen you sent as
syriclitus. The exception is that the color of the secondaries Ix-low
*Bullctin of the Lepidopterological Society of Geneva. Vol. IV,
p q6, ion;.
tEnt. News, 17, 277, 1906.
tStrecke'r, Rhop. and Het., Suppl. 3.
298 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
is of a light brownish tinge; so much so is this the case that the
transverse macular bands are very indistinct. The secondaries of the
female, which is smaller than the male, and is also pinned to show
the under surface, are likewise suffused with a light brown tinge."
Mr. Gerhard says the male has the tuft of hairs near the
base of the hind tibiae. Unless it can be shown that the de-
scription of montiragus represents something different from
these types, montivagus Reak. becomes a synonym of syrichtus
Fab.
A new Tachytes from Georgia (Hymenop.tLarridae).
By J. CHESTER BRADLEY, Cornell University, Ithaca,
New York.
Tachytes auricomans n. sp.
$ . Color, pile and wing color as in crassits, the golden pubescence
very pronounced. • Length 16 mm.
Agrees in structure and sculpture with crassns, except in the fol-
lowing points : segments 4 and following of the antennae are less
rounded out beneath than are those of crassns; the vertex less nar-
rowed; (in crassns the least distance between the eyes is scarcely if
any more than the length of the 3rd antennal segment, in auricomans
it is considerably more) ; clypeus with the external lateral tooth acute
and prominent, the anterior border between these teeth evenly and" but
slightly rounded (in crassns these teeth are blunt and not so promi-
nent, and the middle part of the margin between them is produced
into a small rounded lobe).
Habitat.— Georgia : Oglethorpe, 1 July, 1910, 3 $ (the
author) .
T\f>c. — Holotvpc, Cornell University, No. 147.1, paratype.
No. 147.2 ; paratype in collection of Georgia State Board of
Entomology.
Sugaring for Moths (Lepid.).
It is possible that moths, like some people, will not greatly fancy
the new near-beer, in place of their old tipple of stale beer and brown
sugar. So here is a new recipe and a suggestion.
While camping this summer, my wife tried to make some wild
goose-berry jelly. Being a long ways from a source of supply, she
used too little sugar, and the result was a sticky syrup that did not
"jell." Part of it fermented, standing in a glass jar where the sun
hit it. I poured the fermented goose-berry syrup down an alder, and
that evening found four Catocalae, besides several small Noctuids,
on the one tree-trunk. Unfortunately, 1 did not have enough sugar to
experiment further, but it is very likely that the fermented juice of
any local fruit or berry, with a little sugar added, possesses the proper
"kick" to attract moths. I had tried the regulation mixture of beer
and sugar, in other years, in the same locality, and never had a single
Noctuid come to the bait. — W. H. IRF.I.ANH, Maricopa, California.
ENTOMOLOGICAL N EWS.
PHILADELPHIA, PA., DECEMBER, 1919.
After Thirty Years.
When this number of the XI-:\YS reaches the reader, there
stand on the editor's shelves thirty completed volumes of
this journal, unbound, except for their original pink paper
covers, which, when they first appeared, led one subscriber.
and contributor to the first number, to protest that the color
suggested too much a patent medicine advertisement. For a
few issues that subscriber's copy was bound in white paper,
but the pink cover was retained for the magazine as enabling
it to be picked out readily from others in a pile.
The Treasurer of the Society which has stood back of the
NEWS from the start is fond of telling the story that when it
first appeared it was freely predicted that it would not last
six months, but time has proven the contrary.
There lies before the editor a single sheet, printed on both
sides, headed, "A New Entomological Journal. To be pub-
lished Under the auspices of the Entomological Section of the
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and the Ameri-
can Entomological Society." It is dated "Philadelphia, Pa.,
Dec. 1, 1889" and continues:
It lias for some time been apparent to Entomologists in this country
that there was unoccupied room for a journal of Entomology devoted
less to the dry details of descriptive and classificatory work and more
to the news and gossip which is always of interest to entomological
workers.
The circular continues in the words of the Announcement,
occupying the first two pages of Volume T, Number 1. which
actually appeared January 14, 1890.
The pressure of other work and the non-receipt of desired
information have made it impossible to fulfil alwavs the pur-
poses for which the NEWS was founded, and we sf'11 welcome.
to quote the Announcement again :
Scientific papers, news notes, reports of societies, etc., . from
al! sources to make this journal just what its name implies, a o
of entomological news.
299
300 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
Notes and Ne^ws.
ENTOMOLOGICAL GLEANINGS FROM ALL QUARTERS
OF THE GLOBE.
A Loved and Respected Entomologist.
I had gone up to the Pocono Mountains by the way of the Wind
Gap and as the roads were worse than a flown butterfly without any
scales, T decided to return to Philadelphia by the way of the Delaware
Water Gap. In the Gap. in front of the Kittatinny House, I saw
coming down the side of the mountain an individual with a net.
Having experienced the usual salutation and having read of it in the
words of the individual, I said, "Coin' fishin'?" It was a mean joke
and I felt ashamed of it, but the question popped out like a pea from
a pod. The answer came, "Xo, I don't fish, I am an entomologist."
I then asked. "What is an entomologist?" "An entomologist is one
who studies and collects insects." My reply was to the effect that
collecting insects was a foolish and silly thing to do and not worth
while. The entomologist said, "What is worth while?' I felt that
I was being looked upon with pity and perhaps scorn, on account of
mv not being an entomologist, but when I admitted I did not know
what was the use of anything, I was finding a little favor and was
getting near the wisdom of Socrates when he said, "I know that
know nothing, others know not even this." Then the entomologist
said, "Do you know how old I am?" and T guessed 79, but the answer
came back, "No, 81." T had forgotten that I had not seen the ento-
mologist for several years and that "tempus fugits. T then spoke of
the White Mountains of New Hampshire, where I had just spent mv
vacation and where the entomologist had collected manv summers, I
think 28, and that I always told the lovers of nature that I met up
there to read "Fishin' Jimmy" and the other stories in the "Seven
Dreamers" and that they were full of local color and breathed the
spirit of the mountains. Then we walked toward our auto and I told
my wife that I had loved and resnected this entomologist for many,
many vears and she was not a bit jealous as she felt exactly the same
as I did. This entomologist was very good to me in the years gone bv
and there is many a specimen in my collection taken at Franconia
in the White Mountains and Biscayne Bay in Florida. The ento-
mologist has spent fourteen summers at the Delaware Water Gan and
is still more active than many a person forty years younger. I was
not recognized, but finally admitted that T was fond of entomology
and that I had more than a million insects under my care and that^ I
really did not think that everyone I saw with a net was "goin' fishin'.'
Preservatives for Plants and Insects.
October 20, 1917. the writer preserved Hessian flv infested wheat
and army worm (Cirphis unipnncla} larvae in the following solutions,
hot and cold.
1. Salicylic acid 1-16 ounce, alcohol (95 per cent.) T _> ounce, wate
16 ounces.
2. Sulfurous acid ^4 ounce, water 16 ounces.
3. Formalin 7l/2 per cent.
4. Zinc chloride Y2 ounce, water 24 ounces.
5. Corrosive sublimate V& ounce, glycerine 3T4 ounces, water 32
ounces.
Vol. XXX] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 3OI
A recent (March /, 1919) examination give? the following results:
The wheat plants were well preserved in salicylic acid and formalin
solutions, but the color hadly faded and there was apparently no
difference in the hot and cold solutions. The corrosive sublimate-
glycerine mixture preserved the plants fairly well when used hot. but
those preserved in cold solution were blackened and rotten. The sul-
furous acid and zinc chloride solutions gave the best results, pre-
serving the color of the foliage very well. In the case of the snlfnr-
ous acid those preserved cold were apparently better. In the case of
'/.'me chloride it was impossible to determine the relative merits of the
hot and cold mixtures as the plants preserved cold were partly out of
the solution, causing them to fade somewhat.
The army worms preserved in sulfurous acid and corrosive subli-
mate-glycerine solutions were in very poor condition. Salicylic acid-
alcohol preserved the larvae nicely and, although color is faded, the
markings are distinct. The cold solution apparently did not preserve
the form quite as perfectly, but the colors are better preserved. For-
malin preserved the shape, color and markings in fair condition, the
ones preserved hot being the better. Zinc chloride gave the best
results and the colors are well preserved, those preserved hot seem-
iiiL'lv the better.
The need of preservatives which will preserve colors to a fair de-
gree and at the same time preserve the shape of plants and insects is
evident, and these notes are given in hopes other workers will have an
opportunity to test these and other solutions in comparison. From
the few tests we have made the sulfurous acid and zinc chloride solu-
tions prove to be fairly good plant preservatives, while zinc chloride
gives good indications as a preservative for larvae. — JOHN J. D.vvrs.
Riverton, New Jersey.
Entomological Literature.
COMPILED BY E. T. CRESSON, JR., AND J. A. G. REHN.
Under the above head it is intended to note papers received at the
Academy of Natural Sciences, of Philadelphia, pertaining to the En-
tomology of the Americas (North and South), including Arachnida and
Myriopoda. Articles irrelevant to American entomology will not be noted:
but contributions to anatomy, physiology and embryology of insects,
however, whether relating to American or exotic species, will be re-
corded.
The numbers in Heavy- Faced Type refer to the .journals, as numbered
in the following list, in which the papers are published.
All continued papeis, with few exceptions, are recorded only at their
fir«t installments.
The records, of papers containing n^w genera or species occurring north
of Mexico are all grouped at the end of each Order of which they treat.
For records of Economic Literature, see the Experiment Station Record,
office of Experiment Stations. Washington. Also Ki-vii'\v of Applied En-
tomology. Series A. London. For records of papers on Medical Ento-
mology, see Review of Applied Entomology, Series B.
2 — Transactions of The American F.ntomological Society, Phila-
delphia. 4 — Canadian Entomologist, London. Canada. 7 — Annals
of The F.ntomological Society of America, Columbus, Ohio. 8 —
The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine. London. 10 -Proceedings
of the Entomological Society of \Yashington, 1). ('. 11 Annals
and Maga/ine of Natural History, London. 17 Lcpidoptera, Bos-
ton. Ma~-~. 22 — Bulletin of Entomological Research. 1 ondon. 29—
Annual Report of the Entomological Society of Ontario, Toronto.
3°2 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec., '19
41 — Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique Suisse, Bern. 53 — Nature
Study Review. Ithaca, N. Y. 62— Bulletin of the American Mus-
eum of Natural History, New York. 70— Journal of Morphology.
Philadelphia. 76— Nature. London. 100— Biological Bulletin of
the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Mass.
GENERAL. Andrews, H. V.— A suggestion [regarding printed
lists for collections"]. 17, iii. 65-<i. Brues, C. T.— Classification of
insects on the characters of the larva and pupa. (Biol. Bui., Woods
Hole. Mass, xxxvii, 1-21.) Griddle, N.--Some insect problems in
the prairie provinces. 29, xlix, 32-5, Davis, T- J.— Present day prob-
lems in entomology. 29, xlix, 47-59. Johnson, H. L.— A cheap sub-
stitute for the riker mounts. 17, iii. fifi-7. Lochhead. W. — Some
chapters of the earlv history of entomology. 29, xb'x, (19-81. Morris
F. J. A. — The life historv of a hobby horse. 29. xlix, 39-4(5. Mutt-
kowski, R. A.— The fauna of Lake Mendo'a [Wisconsin") (Trans.
Wisconsin Acad. Sci. Arts & Let., xix. :j,7l-i,S'2). Nielsen, J. C.—
Unclersocjelser over entoparasitiske Muscidelarver hos Arthropoder.
VI T. (Vidensk. Medd. fra Dansk NaUirh. Foren. Kobenhaven, Ixx,
1-57.) Van Hyning. T.— Insect larvae destroying Physa fMolluscal.
(The Nautilus, xxxiii, 71-2). Wolley Dod, F. H. — Obituary. 4,
1919, 239-40.
GENETICS, ETC. Goldsmith, W. M.— Comparative studv of
<-V>e chromosomes of the tiger-beetles. 70, xxxii. 437-87. Nakahara,
W. — Studv of the chromosomes in the soerma^ofenesis of the
stonefly, Perla immarginata. 70, xxxii. 509-29. Onslow, H. — The
inheritance of wine colour in L. (Tourn. of Genetics, viii, 209-258. ''I
Richards. M. H. — Two new eve colors in the third chromosome of
Drosophila melanogaster. 100, xxxv. 199-20B. Seiler T. — Re-
searches on the sex-Chromosomes of Psychidae (Lep.) 100, xxxvi,
399-404.
MEDICAL. GoeHi, E. A. — Darmkanal und russel der sHihen-
fliesre vom sanitanschen standpunkte aus. 41, xii. 418-31. Hill,
G. F. — Relationship of insects to parasitic diseases in sfock (Proc.
Rov. Soc. Victoria, xxxi. 11-107). Metz. C. W. — Anonhelec rr<"--
ians. as an agent in malarial transmission. (U. S. Pub. H^th
Rept., Reprint No. 53fi.) Observation^ on the food of Anopheles
larvae. (U. S. Pub. Heal. Rept., Ren. No. 549.)
ARACHNIDA & MYRIAPODA. Emerton, T. H.— \ntes on
the sniders col'ecfed bv F. Johansen in Northeastern Greenland
(Vidensk. Medd. fra Dansk Naturh. Foren. Kobenhaven, Ixx. 143-SV
Nebel, C. E. — The amount of food en'en bv the snider Aranea seri-
cata. (Trans. Wisconsin Sci. Arts & Let., xix, 524-30.)
Chamberlin, R. V.— New western spiders. 7, xii, 239-fiO.
NEUROPTERA. Bagnall, R. S.— Brief descriptions of new
Thysanoptera. 11, iv. 253-77. Dean, F. R. — A flight of the may-
fly at Fenton, Mo. 17, iii. 74. Selys-Longchamps, E. — Collections
zoologiques. Catalogue, Fasc. iii, pt. 1-2, Copeognatha, Isop^e^a;
xvi, pt. 2. Libellnlinen. Thompson, C. B.— The development of the
castes of nine genera and thirteen species of Termites. 100, xxxvi,
379-98.
Vol. XXX ] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS 303
ORTHOPTERA. Bodkin & Cleare.— An invasion of British
Guiana by locusts in Hi 17. with a complete illustrated account of
the life history of the species. 22, ix, 341-57. Hebard, M. — A new
Central Am. genus & sp. of the group Blattellites (Blattidae). 2,
xlv, 3 03 -ft.
Hebard, M. — New gen. & sps. of Melanopli found within the
U. S. (Acrididae). A new gen. & sps. of roach from the U. S. and
tropical N. A. (Blattidae). 2, xlv, 257-98; 299-30:2. Rehn, J. A. G.
Descriptions of new and critical notes upon previously known forms
of N. A. Oedipodinae (Acrididae). 2, xlv, 229-55.
HEMIPTERA. Baker, A. C.— Aphids: their human interest. 29,
xlix, 28-32. Kornhauser, S. I. — Sexual characteristics of the mem-
bracid, Thelia bimaculata. 70, xxxii, 531-535. Matheson, R. — A
study of the plant lice injuring the foliage and fruit of the apple.
(Mem. 24. Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta., 679-762.) Smith, L. B.—
The life history and biologv of the pink and green aphid. (Vir-
ginia Truck Exp. Sta. Bui., No. 27.) Wilson & Vickery.— A species
li«t of the Aphididae of the world and their recorded food plants.
(Trans. Wisconsin Acad. Sci. Arts & Let., xix. 2:2-355.')
Fracker, S. B. — Chariesterus and its neotropical relatives (Corei-
dae.) 7, xii, 227-30. Davis, J. J. — Miscellaneous aphid notes. 4,
1919. 228-34. Herbert, F. B. — A new sp. of Matsucoccus from the
pines in California. 10, xxi, 157-61. McAtee, W. L. — Report on a
second co'lection of Nova Scotian Enpterygid leaf-hoppers, includ-
ing descriptions of new varieties. 4, 1919, 2?"-6. Sanders & De
Long — Eight new "Jassids" from the eastern U. S. 7, xii. 231-38.
LEPIDOPTERA. Comstock, A. B.— The American silk-worms.
53. xv, 263-77. Drz, A. — Organes pulsatiles des L. (Revue Scien.,
Ivii, 532). Dixey, F. A. — Opening address. Section of Zoologv,
British Association at Bournemouth. [Mimicrvl. 76, civ, 121-2C>.
Proud, A. E. — My study of moths from living specimens. 53. xv,
2S6-91. Reiff, W. — Notes and additions to Barnes' and McDun-
nough's illustrations of the germ Catoca'a. Catoca'a herodias. 17,
iii, 69-70; 73-4. Rowley, R. R. — Descriptions of four Catoca'a 'arvae.
4, 1!)]'.), 22(i-7. Ruckers, H. — Notes nn the male srenitnl system in
certain L. 7, xii, 192-213. Welch, P. S. — The aquatic adaptations of
Pyrausta penitalis. 7, xii, 213-26.
DIPTERA. Davidson. W. M. — Notes on Allograpta fracta. 4,
1919. 235-9. Hamm. A. H. — Observations on the horse bot-fly. Gas-
trophilus equi. 8, 1919, 229-30. Johnson C. W. -- \ revised list of
the D. of Jamaica. 62, xii, 421-49. Plath, O. E.— A muscid larva
of the San Francisco bay region which -ucks the blood of nesting
birds. (Tniv. Calif. Pub., xix, 191-200). Tothill & McLaine -The
recovery in Canada of the brown-tail moth parasite (Compsilura
concinnata). 29, xlix. 35-9.
COLEOPTERA. Beaulieu, G.--M<>n<>graphie drs Me'asides du
Canada. ( Le Naturl. Canadian, xlvi. 73-83,
Wickham, H. F. — Scaphinotus (Pseudonomaretus) mannii n. sp.
(Carabidae). 10, xxi, 170-3.
304 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS [Dec.. '19
HYMENOPTERA. Hutson, J. C.— The N. A. species of the
genus Sceliphron. 2, xlv, ;30,'.!-^.'37. Larue, P. — Vue des couleurs par
une aheille. (Revue Scien., Paris, ivii, 565. )
Gahan, A. B. — Descriptions of seven new sps. of Opius. (Brac-
onidae). 10, xxi, 1(il-7().
ETUDES DE LEPIDOPTEROLOCIE COMPAREE. By CH. \KI.KS OBKRTHUK.
Fascicule XVI. This volume contains a long article on the lepidop-
tera of Barhary. The second article is by Gedeon Foulquicr on
Carcharodus bacticus in "Bouches-du-Rhone." Observations relative to
the life-history of Lycaena alcon. The stages of Lycacna olcon by
Dr. T. A. Chapman. Orrhodia rnhii/o Ramb. by Philippe Henriot.
Observations on Carclianxhis allhcac. 'by Harold Powell. Andre Avin-
off describes a wonderful melanic aberration of Papilio podalirius
which he calls Incifci: The volume ends with a document on the con-
servation of I'iir/^jssii/s <>/><>//(.'. There are twenty-six plates of the
same excellent character as in the previous volumes. — H. S.
Feldman Collecting Social.
Meeting of June 8th, 1910. at the residence of H. W. Wenzel, 5614
Stewart St., Philadelphia. Nine members present, Pres. H. W. Wen-
zel in the chair.
Diptera. — Mr. Hornig staVd that formerly there were millions
of Acdcs sollicitans Wlk. at Weccacoe Avenue in Philadelphia Neck,
but since the government has filled in this neighborhood they have
entirely disappeared.
Coleoptera.— Mr. H. W. Wenzel said he had gone to Anglesea, New
Jersey, on May 3Cth, and at that time there were strong westerly
winds, but during the night they shifted to the east, and he went to
the beach early in the morning, where he found the grasses, etc.
(blown to sea the night before) cast at high tide mark by the easterly
winds. Under this debris he found eight species and a variety of
Sphenophoms as follows: acqualis Gyll., pcrtiua.r Oliv. ('and a variety
with red tint above and red band below), scticicr Chitt., villosiventris
Chitt., costipcnnis Horn, raiutiis Say, zcae Walsh and mealanocephalus
Fabr.
Lepidoptera. — Mr. Hornig exhibited a specimen of Chrysophanus
thoc Boisd. which he collected in Philadelphia Neck, Tune 12, 1919.
Mr. Laurent stating it was the fourth he had seen from this locality
in all his collecting experience.
At the meeting of September i/th. 1910, nine members present,
Pres. H. W. Wenzel in the chair, being the first meeting since the
summer collecting season, general discussion was the order of the
evening.
GEO. M. GREENE, Sec'y.
Correction.
Page 247 of the NEWS for November, 1919, strike out the tenth
line from the bottom : "hand side of the specimen has the wings nor-
mal male, and the right"
INDEX TO VOLUME XXX.
(* indicates new genera, species or varieties.)
ALEXANDER, C. P. Two new crane-flies from California. 214
Notes on the genus Dicranoptycha 19
ALDRICH, J. M. Lelomyza in North America (ill.) 137
BAKER, A. C. A Mela phis from moss ( ill.) 1<>4
BARNES & LINDSEY. A new Geometric! from Arizona . . . .245
BECKER, G. G. A one-year life cycle for S a per da Candida.
reared in an apple 24
BRADLEY, J. C. A new Tachytes from Georgia 29S
BRAUN, A. F. Descriptions of new species of Coleo-
phora 108, 127
Notes on Cosmopterygidae, with descriptions of new
genera and species 260
BRYANT, G. E. Richness of Borneo in Coleoptera 252
CALVERT, P. P. After thirty years (editorial) 299
An appeal from Belgium 84
Botanical abstracts (Notice) 25
Entomologia resurgens Helgica (editorial) 144
Entomology at the Convocation Week meetings (edi-
torial) 49, 72
Frederic DuCane Godman (ill.) 121
International relations of entomological societies after
the war (editorial) 204
A league of nations means the metric system (editorial ) . 175
The News for 1919 (editorial) 23
Obituary : Victor Arthur Erich Daecke 58
Odonata from ( iuatemala collected by \Ym. Schaus
and J. T. Manns (ill.) 31, 72, !(><)
Review : An Investigation on the Louse problem 270
Reviews: Report of the Imperial Entomologist of India
1917-1918. Studies of the Fruit-flies of Japan 237
305
3o6 INDEX
Review: Seventeenth Report of the State Entomologist
of Minnesota 270
The use of the term larva (editorial) 265
COCKERELL, T. D. A. The bees of the Rocky Mountain Na-
tional Park 286
Bittacomorpha clavipes 23
Capture of ants by gummy exudations 115
Cor did eg aster dor sails as an enemy of trout 22
Crabro montanus 114
Neoco*"ynura, a genus of Halictine bees 41
A new genus of bees from Peru 17
COLE, F. R. A new genus of the dipterous family Cyrtidae
from South America 27 1
COLEMAN, L. V. An aberration of Pol\gonla pro.jnc ( ill. ) 1 12
CRAMPTON, G. C. Notes on the phylogeny of the Ori.hop-
tera (ill.) 42, 64
CRESSON & REHM. Entomological literature,
29, 50, 85, 115, 145, 176, 206, 232, 266, 301
CRESSON, E. T. JR. Review : Wasp studies afield 54
DAVIS, J. J. An entomologist's handbook 32
Preservatives for plants and insects Wl
(See also Wilson & Davis).
EMERTON, J. H. The flights of spiders in the autumn of
1918 165
FALL, H. C. A change of names 26
FELT, E. P. Five non-gall-making midges 219
FERRIS, G. F. A new species of Psendodiaspis ( ill.) 275
A remarkable case of longevity in insects 27
Two species of Phylloxera from California ( ill.) 103
FRISON, T. H. The occurrence of Eiircina luc.vicana. in
Illinois 228
FUNKHOUSER, W. D. A new Tylocciitnis from Arizona
(ill.) 217
(JACK, J. H. The staining of Coccids 142
GOE, M. T. Life history and habits of SHf>Jia inaeqitalis. .253
HERARD, M. Remarks on the species assigned to Cai'otct-
ti.r, a synonym of Ncotctti.v 78
307
HOLLAND, W. J. Herbert Hunting-ton Smith (ill.) 211
HOLLINGER & PARKS. Eiiclcinciis'ui basscttclla, the kcrmes
parasite (ill.) (H
HOOKER, H. I). Notes on the life history of fipipsilia
monochromatea ( ill. ) 61
HOWARD, L. O. A collector's manual in Spanish 53
Note on the vinegarone 26
On the hymenopterous parasites of Kermes 255
HOWE, R. H., JR. The ( Monata of Concord, Massachusetts 10
IRELAND, W. H. Sugaring for moths 298
KENNEDY, C. H. The Naiad of the < Mona'e genus Cory-
phacsclina ( ill. ) 105
KLAGES, E. A. Obituary : Eliza Klages 180
LANKESTER, C. H. Costa Rican butterflies 216
LINDSEV, A. W. A ne\v skipper from South America (ill. ) .169
(See also Barnes & Lindsey).
MrAxEE, W. L. Notes on two Miridae, Camptobrochis and
Paracalocoris 246
Preliminary key to the nearctic species of Euptery.r. . . . 182
M ALLOCH, J. R. The larval habitat of Chalcomvia acrca . . 2^
On an undescribed species of Medeterus 7
MARCHAND, W. Collecting the larvae of Tabanus and
Chrysops 131
MARTIN, J. O. Notes on the occurrence of Schi.-za.v sena.r
in California 231
MENGEL. L. W. A new Pcrisauia from South America
(ill.) 181
METCALF, C. L. Euincrus slrit/atns again 170
MICKEF,, C. l;.. A new genus of Ceramhycidae from
Wyoming (ill.) 198
MrrciiKi.i.. J. 1). Notes on Diacrisia t'injinica 191
MORRISON, H. Aj^pended note to Howard's Hymenopter-
ous parasites of Kermes 25K
\\co\..\\, A. S. Additions to insects of New Jersey NTo.7.27n
(See also Weiss & Nicolay.)
PARKER, R. R. Xorth American Sarcophagidae ; new spe-
cies of the genus Sarcofahrtia ( ill. ) 201
3o8 INDEX
PARKS, H. B. (See Hollinger & Parks.)
PARSHLEY, H. M. On the preparation of Hemiptera for
the cabinet 223
REHN, J. A. G. (See Cresson & Rehn.)
REINHARD, H. J. Preliminary notes on Texas Tachinidae . 279
SCHAUS, W. A new Amastus from Argentina 174
SCHWARZ, E. The early stages of Catocala ininnta and a
description of a new variety of C. obscnra 196
On the early stages of Catocala titania, and a description
of three new varieties of Catocala 14
SCOTT, F. B. Abundance of Cicadas in Beluchistan 230
SEVERIN, G. The cause of the delay of publication of the
Selys Catalogue 229
SKINNER, H. A few hours on Mt. Washington 48
Hesperia syrichtus and montivagus 297
An interesting gynandromorphic butterfly 247
A loved and respected entomologist 300
A new species of Argynnis from Utah 216
A new species of Copaeodes 100
The next International Entomological Congress (edi-
torial) 83
Note to Winn's Ariiynnis apaclieana paper 159
The resting place of collections (editorial) 228
Review: Class Book of Economic Entomology 209
Review : fttudes de Lepidopterologie Comparee Ease.
XVI 304
Review : Injurious insects and useful birds 54
Swat the fly versus starve the brute ( editorial) 114
Stop thief (editorial) 175
STONER, D. Swarming of the monarch butterfly in Towa. 38
STONE & CALVERT. Obituary: Benjamin Hays Smith. ... 88
TILLYARD, R. J. A further note on the wing-coupling ap-
paratus in the family Micropterygidae 168
Review : The wings of insects 14S
VAN DUZEE, M. C. Two new Asyndetus with a table of
the North American species 248
VAX DYKE, E. C. A few observations on the tendency of
insects to collect on ridyes and mountain snowfields. .241
INDEX
309
New species of Buprestidae from the western United
States, with supplementary notes concerning others
(ill.) 151. 186
WEISS, H. B. A resurrected paper on mosquitos and
malaria 101
Tinea cloacella bred from fungi 251
WEISS & NICOLAY. E inner us striyatns, the lunate onion
fly, in New Jersey 27
Notes on Zcugophora scutcllaris, a European poplar leaf-
miner, in Xew Jersey (ill.) 124
WELLHOUSE, W. H. An Itonid feeding on rust spores. . . . 144
WILLIAMSON, E. B. Variation in color pattern of the
dragonfly Gomphus crassus 294
WILSON, H. F. Three new Lachnids with compara'ive
notes on three others (ill.) 1
WILSON & DAVIS. A new genus and species of aphid ( ill ) 39
Wixx, A. E. Argynnls apachcana, and Edward's pla'es of
A. nokoinis 1 5' >
GENERAL SUBJECTS. Entomological societies after
Academy of Natural Sciences the war _>04
of Philadelphia. (See En- Entomologist, Loved and re-
tomological Section.) spected . 300
After thirty years 299 Entomologists, Annual meet-
American Entomological So- inRS of 296
ciety 56, iso, 239 Eeldman Collecting Social,
Appeal from Belgium 84 58, 88, 119, 150, 179, 238, 304
Belgium, An appeal from 84 Handbook, An entomologist's 82
Botanical abstracts 25 Insect parasites of insects,
Canadian Entomologist, The 91- 255. 278, 279
jubilee of 83 International Entomological
Collections. The resting places Congress. The next 83
of _ 228 International relations of En-
Convocation week meetings. tomological Societies after
Entomology at 49 the war -'"4
Entomologia resiirgcns Bel- Jubilee of the Canadian Ento-
gica 144 mologist 83
Entomological literature. Larva, Use of the term. . 265
_•<). 50. 85, us, 145, 17(1 206, Memorials to the late F. D.
232, 266, 301. C.odman . . 231
Entomological Section, Acad. Metric system. A League of
Nat. Sci., Phila..s6. 118. 171). 240 Nations means the 175
310 INDEX
New Jersey, Additions to in- Miyake : Studies on the Fruit-
sects of, No. 7 276 flies of Japan 237
News for 1919 (Editorial)... 23 Moore & Hirschfelder : An
Ohio entomological workers. 120 Investigation of the Louse
Plants attacked by insects. Problem 270
i, 94, 103, 109 124, 127, 144, 191 Oberthur : Etudes de Lepidop-
216, 251, 255, 260. 277, 279. terologie Comparee 304
Plants visited by insects, Porter : A Collector's Manual
48, 61, 153, 188, 279, 286 in Spanish 53
Preservative for insects 300 Ran & Ran: Wasp Studies
Resting places of collections . . 228 Afield 54
Ridges, Tendency of insects Ruggles : Report of the State
to collect on 241 Entomologist of Minnesota 270
Selys Catalogue, Cause of de- Washburn : Injurious Insects
lay of publication of 229 and Useful PJirds 54
Snowfields, Tendency of in-
sects to collect on ridges GEOGRAPHICAL DISTR1BU-
TTO1V
and mountain 241
Thief, Stop 175 Alabama : Orth., 81.
Thirty Years, After 299 Arizona : Col, 156. 188. Hem., 217.
Lep., 245.
OBITUARY NOTICES. Arkansas: Col., 24.
Blanchard, R 210 California: Dipt., 249. Col, 153,
Daecke, V. A. E 58 188. 231, 243. Hem., i, 103, 247,
Godman, F. D. (ill.) 121 2J^. Lep., 240, 243, 260.
d'Herculais, J. K 210 Colorado: Dipt., 23, 219. Hym.,
Kane, W. F. deV 209 286.
Klages, E. i So Connecticut: Lep., <u. 113.
Robert, R. . 210 Florida: Col.. 190. Dipt.. 57.
Michalovitch, N 210 Orth., Si.
Smith, B. H. 88 Georgia : Hym., 298. Orth., 81.
Smith, H. H. (ill.) 211 Idaho: Dipt., 140.
Webb, S 210 Illinois: Dipt., 9, 25. Hem., 5.
PERSONALS. Lcp" 228'
Iowa : Lep., 38.
Bruner, L 231
,-, ,,r Kansas : Dipt., 21.
Leng, C. W 230
Maine : Hem., i<Xo.
McDunnough, 1 102
' Man-land: Col., 119. Hem., 2,
Michalovitch, N 210
184.
REVIEWS. Massachusetts: Arach.. 165. Hem.,
Comstock: The Wings of In- 247. Lep., in. Odon., 10.
sects 148 Missouri : Hem., 5. Lep.. 14, 94.
Fletcher: Report of the !m- 198.
perial Entomologist, India. 237 Montana: Dipt., 201.
Lochhead : Class Book of New Hampshire : Dipt., 140. Lep.,
Economic Entomology .... 209 48, 56.
INDEX
311
New Jersey: Col., 57- 58, ««. ""• COLEOPTERA.
i_'4, 277, 304. Dipt., 27, 144, Acmaeodera (see sinuala,
179, 278. Hem., 277. llym., sc.r-notata, ttrnrr/i', whcel-
278. Lep., 58, 251, 277. Odon.. ,•;•/, siiuainnsa. quadrivittata,
277. pubiventris, plagiaticauda,
New AFexico: Odon., 22. ciilniccola. cribricollis).
New York: Dipt., 144. Hem., 184. Additions to Xe\v Jersey rec-
Lep., 57. ords ... 277
North Carolina : Hem., 247. Odon., /-I I, -dins (see dissimilis. pliila-
105. dclphicus. frdti'Ilns. transi-
Ohio: Hem., 185. Lep., 109, 127. tits).
264. Borneo Coleoptera, Richness
Oregon: Hem., i, 221. of . 252
Pennsylvania: Col., 88, 119, 120, Buprestidae from western U.
150, 238, 239. Dipt., 179, 239. S. ...151, 1 86
240, 304. Hem., 184. Hvm., Candida. Safcrda 24
239. Lep., 56, 119. 179, 180, 239, Cerambycidae from \Y\om-
240. 247, 304. ing. New genus 198
Tennessee : Orth., Si. Change of names 26
Texas: Col.. 155. Dipt., 279. Lep., cribricollis, Acmaeodera .... 190
95, 191. Orth., 82. cithaccola, Acmaeodera (ill.). 190
Utah: Lep., 216. cyanipcs, Poccilonota 277
Virginia : Col., 239. Hem., 186, dissimilis, Blcdius 26
247. crccta. I'occilonota cyanipes. . 277
\\'ashington : Dipt., 140. fratclliis. Rlcdius 26
West Virginia: Hem., 194. Habits of Silpha iiiac<inalis. . 253
Wisconsin : Hem., 5, 39. iiiaci/ualis. Silpha 253
Wyoming : Col., 198. japdiiica, Popillia 58
Life cycle of Sapcrda Candida 24
Canada: Dipt., 141, 221. 1Jfe history and hal)jts Qf
Mexico: Hym., 41- Lep., 100. Silpha inaequalis 253
Central America : Dipt.. 250. Hvm.. ^ ^MJBfl* Ig8
41. Lep., 216. Odon., 31, 72, , . ,, ,
nic/aiiosticHiii*, Megacneuma
I6°- (ill.) ' 199
South America: Dipt 271. Hem.. ( )ccurrence of Schisax ^
Hvm., 17, 41. Lep., 169, 174. •„ Califorpia 2>?I
18X1 pliildd.'lpliicns*. Hlrdins 26
Europe: D.pt. 172 plagiaticauda, Acmaeodera 189
Asia: I fern., 3, 230. ,, .,
Poccilonota (see <-v<;»//v.v.
ARACHNIDA. erccta, thureura).
Flights of spiders in autumn 105 I'.ipillia (see japoiiica).
n'Kiantciix. MaslifinproctHS 26 p.iplar leaf-miner, Zciitin-
Mastigoproctus h >ni KUteUaris <,,].>. IJ4
(see giganteus).
Sniders. I'lijrhtsof 165 pvbivcntru, Acmaeodera (ill.) 18!
\'incL;an)iK', Note on 26 quadrivittata, Acmaeodera .. 188
312
INDEX
Saficrda Candida reared in an
apple 24
Schiza.r scna.r in California. 231
scutcllaris, Zcugofihora 125
scna.r, Schiza.v 231
sc.v-notata*. Acinacodcra sin-
uata (ill.) 153
Silpha inacijualis. Life history
and habits of 253
sinuata*, Acmacodcra (ill.)-- IS2
squamosa*, Acinacodcra
187
thurcura, Pocdlonota 277
transitus*, Blcdins 26
Acinacodcra (ill.) . 154
Acinacodcra (ill.). 155
Zeugo'phora scutcllans, in
New Jersey 124
DIPTERA.
Acyfihona (see Eriofitcra).
Additions to New Jersey rec-
ords 278
Acdcs (sec cnrrici).
acnca. Myiophasia 282
acre a. Chalcomyia 25
albifrotis, Stii'-mia 284
anicricana, Plai/ia 284
ammophilus, Asyndctus 248
analis, Archytas 279
nnnlis. Chaetogacdia 280
appendiculatus, Asyndctus . . . 248
archippivora, Frontina 281
Archytas (see analis).
Asvndclif;. New, with table of
Xorth American species . . . 248
atlantica* Sarcofahrtia (ill.). 203
Hcl-7'i>sia (see bifasciata).
I'ifasciala. Hck'nsia 280
Bittacomorpha (see clavipes).
caerulescens*, Mcdctcrus .... 8
caf'ilata, Gonia 281
caudatits, Asyndctus 248
Camposclla* 271
Cclatoria (see diabroticac) .
Chaetogaedia (see aiialis).
Clialcomyia (see acrca).
Chrvsops, Collecting larvae of
Cistoi/astcr (see immaculata) .
claripcunis. Phorocera
clarifies. Bittacomorpha
cold*. Colfiodia
Collecting larvae of Tabanus
and Cltrysops
Colfiodia (see cold),
consobrina*, Porricondyla . . .
cornutus. Asyndctus
Crane-flies from California,
New
curriei*, Acdcs
Cyrtidae, New genus from
South America
diabroticac. Cclatoria
Dicranoptycha (see minima,
tit/riiia, nigripcs, ivinnc-
inana. sobriita, c/crmana).
Dicranoptycha. Notes on the
genus
dislincta. Si Urmia
doryfihorac. Ncofialcs
Doryphorophaga (see Neo-
pales}.
dunnin/iii, Tachinofihyto ....
131
283
23
223
221
248
214
58
271
28l
i*, Prionellus
llriofitcra (see sfiarsa}.
Humcrus (see strigatus).
l'..rorista (see fiystc).
floridcnsis, Pachyophthalmus
floridcusis, Tachinofihyto . . .
fratcllus. Asyndctus
I'rontina (see archippivora) .
fultoncnsis*. Porricondyla . . .
(/crmana, Dicranoptycha ....
Gonia (see cafiitata}.
Inirbcckii, Asyndctus
hcfiafica*, Limnophila
J fctcrofitcrina (see nasoni}.
H ormosotnyia*
immaculata, Cistofjastcr
insii/nata*. Camfiosclla (ill.).
intcrriifitiis, Asyndctus
19
284
282
285
219
283
285
248
222
2O
248
215
220
280
272
248
INDEX
Itonid feeding on rust spores 144
fiilnisoni, Asyndetus 249
Larvae of Tabanus and of
Clirysops. Collecting 131
Larval habits of Chalcomyia
aerea 25
tut its. Asyndelus 248
f.eioiii-yzd in North America.. 137
Icucocephala, M ctopia 282
liniata. Sturmia 284
I.iiiniof>hila (see hepatica) .
longipalpis*, Asyndetus (ill.). 250
Lunate onion fly in New Jer-
sey 27
inadistini*, Sarcofahrtia (ill.) 201
Malaria, Resurrected paper on
mosquitos and 101
.^fedeterus. An undescrihed
species of 7
ineldnderi*, Leiomyza (ill.).. 141
Metopia (see Icncoccphahi ) .
Midges, Non-gall-making ... 219
minima*, Dicranoptycha .... 21
iiiiintdiiens Is*, Sarc of a li rl la
(ill.) 201
Mosquitos and malaria, Res-
urrected paper on 101
Myiophasia (see acnca).
jwsoni, Hetcropterina 281
Xeopalcs (see doryplwrac).
ni(/ripes. Asyndetus (ill.).... 248
nigripes, Dicranoptycha .... 21
occidentalis*, Asyndetus (ill.) 249
oregonensis*, Hormosomyia . 220
Pachyophthalmus (see flori-
d i' n sis) .
pdrripalpis, Plagiprospherysa 284
1'clctcr'ui (see rolntsta ).
ccra (see cluri Dennis ) .
(see americana).
Plagiprospherysa (see parri-
palpis).
Porricondyla (see cnnsohrind.
fultonensis) .
I'riinicllits ( see ciTini) .
pystc. livnrista 281
quadripustulata, }l'inthc>it\a . . 285
nirinid. Sdrcufdlirtid 203
rohnstd. I'cli'tcrid 283
nthrirciitris, Scuolainia 284
ruficaudd Trichophora 285
Rust spores. Itonid feeding on 144
Sarcofahrtia (see un'/itain-n-
sis. iiiddisniii. dthinticn. ra-
vinia).
Sarcophagidac, Xorth Ameri-
can 201
Sennldlii'ui (see rubriventris,
trilineata ).
sloss.'iidi-*, I.cioinyzd 140
sobriini. Dicranoptycha 21
spdi'sa*, Itrioptcni 214
strigatits, liuincrits. . .27, 170, 278
Stunula (see albifrons. dis-
tiuctd. liindla).
syntuniifiidcs. Asyndetus .... 248
Tdhdints. Collecting larvae of 131
Tachinidae, Notes on Texas. 279
Tachlnofihyto (see floridcnsis.
dunnlnui, -vanderwulpi) .
tc.vaiins. Asyndetus 249
tif/ritia*. Dicranoptycha 21
Trichophora (see ruficauda).
trilincdta. Senotainia 284
pl. Tachinophyto . . 285
. Dicranoptycha .. 21
Winthemia (see quadripustu-
lata).
HEMIPTERA.
Additions to Xe\v Jersey rec-
ords 277
Aphid. New genus and species 39
Asiphonaphis* 39
Cdlifornicd*, I'.ssiuclld (ill.). I
Catnptobrochis (see poecihts).
Cicadas in Beluchistan. Alum-
dance of -'30
I'ldi'dlis*. liuptery.r fid:-* >st'i<t<i 1^5
lissif/clld ( see culifuniicd. pini).
314
INDEX
Eulachnus (see thunbergii, ril-
eyi).
Euptcryx. Key to nearctic
species
fhiroscHtti, Eupteryx
juniperivora*, Lachnns (ill.).
juvenis*, Eupteryx flaz'oscuta
Kermes, Hymenopterous par-
asites of
Kermes parasite, Huclemensia
bassattclla, the
Lachnids, Comparative notes
182
185
6
1 86
on
Lachnus (see juniperivora).
Longevity in insects 27
Margarodes (see z'itiniti).
marmoratus*, Paracalocoris
acceptus 247
Mclaphis from moss 194
minutus*, Melaphis (ill.).... 195
Miridae, Notes on two 246
multifiora*, Pscudodiaspis
(ill.) 275
nigra, Eupteryx flavoscuta . . 185
Paracalocoris (see inannora-
tus).
parznis, Unilachnus (ill.).... 6
Phylloxera from California.. 103
Phylloxera (see stanfordiana,
salicola).
pini*, Essigclla (ill.) 2
poccihts, Camptobrochis 246
Preparation of Hemiptera for
the cabinet 223
pntni*, Asiphondphis 39
Pseudodiaspis, New species of 275
quadricornis*, Tylocentnis
(ill.) 217
rilcyi*, Eulachnus (ill.) 5
salicola. Phylloxera (ill.).... 104
Staining of coccids 142
stand f or diana*, Phylloxera
(ill.) 103
thunbergii*, Eulachnus (ill.). 3
Tyloccntrus from Arizona . . . 217
Unilachnus* 5
z'anduxci. Eupteryx 184
z'itiitm. Margarodes 27
HYMENOPTERA.
Additions to New Jersey rec-
ords
Anthophora (see sinithii).
Ants captured by gummy ex-
udations
auricomans*, Tachytes
Bees from Peru, A new ge-
nus of
Bees of the genus Ncocory-
nura
Bees of the Rocky Mountain
National Park
Capture of ants by gummy
exudations
Chalcid travels through black-
bird
Chlerogas*
chloroc'wn. Neocorynura ....
coloradensis, Prosopis
Crabro (see montanus).
cuprifrons, Xeocorymtra ....
frontis, Nontada
glaucovirens*, Halictus
Halictine bees of the genus
Neocorynura
Halictus (see z'irgatellns, ni-
gncallis, peralpinus, supra-
nitens. glaucovirens, Intd-
sonicllus, viridatulus} .
hirsutipennis*, Chlerogas . . . .
hudsoniclliis*, Halictus
kelhu'iyi*, ^fclissodcs
knabuina*, Neocorynnra dis-
color
lignys, Neocorynura
Mclissodcs (see kcUoygi).
inillsi*, Sphccodcs
montanus, Crabro
278
115
298
286
250
18
4i
287
291
290
18
290
293
288
114
INDEX
Neocorynura (see knabiana,
chlorocion, cuprifrons, //</-
nys).
nifjricallis, Halle tus
\'oinada (see frontis, sicco-
ntin, seilae).
Parasites of Kermes
pe'ralpinus*, ffalictits
I'hor (see Xoniada).
l'n>xi>f>is (see coloradensis).
Rocky Mountain National
Park, Bees of
,vr</<;r*. Xmita/ia
siccont/n*. Xoniada (Phor) .
smithii, Anthophora
Sphecodes (see tniltsi).
supranitcns*, Plalictus
Tacliytcs from Georgia, New
firidatiilus*, Halictiis .
I'ii-f/atcllus', Halictus
LEPIDOPTERA.
Aberration of Polygonia
prognc ( ill.)
Additions to New Jersey rec-
ords
amaranthella*, Coleo-phora . .
Ainastus from Argentina,
New
Amauro gramma*
Auosia plcxippits. Swarming
of
Anurapteryx (see crenulata}.
apacheana, An/ynnis
apicclla*, Colcnphnra
Ari/yuuis apuclicaiw and Ed-
ward's plates of A. nokoinis
.!r</y>ui:s from Utah, New
species
l>nssi't/clla. Euclcmensia (ill.)
caeca, (.'tillosdiniii promethea.
Callosaniia (see caeca).
Catafiniinnia (see horslii).
Catocala iniinila, F.arly stages
of
Catucald tihscitrn. Description
of new variety of 196
Catocala titania. Karly stages
28cS and descriptions of nc\\
varieties 14
Catocala (see also eureka,
255 disthicta, ohlilerata).
289 cliroinis*, Copacodcs 100
clcinensella. Cosinoptcry.r ... 261
cloacella. Tii'ea 251. 2/7
Coleophora, Descriptions of
286 new m^
292 Coleophora (see apicclla, i'i-
291 bnniiella, crelaticostella,
293 pdle;n,<iiiella, ericoides,
amaranthella, t/ranifera) .
289 Collecting on Mt. \\'ashington 48
298 Copacodcs. New species of.. 100
290 Cosmopterygidae, Notes on,
with descriptions of new
genera and species 260
Cosmopteryx (see clcuicn-
112 sella).
Costa Rican Imtterflies 216
277 crenulata*, Anurapteryx .... 245
129 cretaticostella, Coleophnra .. in
Diacrisia I'h'uiiiica. Notes on 191
1/4 (iistincta*, Catocala titania... in
261 Early stages of Catocala. .14, 196
Epipsilia inonochroinatea,
38 Notes on the life history of
(ill.) 61
156 ericoides*, Coleophora 128
109 Eucletnensia bassettella, the
kermes parasite (ill.) <>i
156 eureka*. Catocala inintita . . . . i<>
I'ltrcma ine.vicana in Illinois.
216 Occurrence of 2_'S
91 extensa*, Amauro gramma . . . 262
58 falcata*. I'criircdc 20^
formosana*, Amastus 174
Irnngi, Tinea hred from 251
(•eonietrid from Ari/ona. New 245
196 /iranifei-a*, ('olcopliorc 130
3i6
INDEX
Gynandromorphic butterfly,
An interesting 247
Haemactis. New species from
South America 169
Hespcria syrichtus and nwn-
tirayns 297
horstii, Catagrajnma (ill.)... 182
inconspicua, Pcrisama (ill.). 182
Ithomc (see niiiinaculclla ).
Life history of Epipsilia mo-
nochromatea (ill.) 61
inartincac*, Poh'yonia proqnc
(ill.) '.. '... 112
metallifcra, Psacaphora 264
inc. ricana , Eurcma 228
iVlicropterygidae, Note on the
wing-coupling apparatus in 168
iiiiuufo, Catocala 196
monochromatea, Epipsilia (ill.) 61
month'ayus, Hespcria 297
Mt. Washington, A few hours
on 48
nokomis, Edward's plates of
Arc/ynnis 156
obliterata*, Catocala tninnta. 17
obvia*, Catocala obscura 198
Papilio (see turnus).
Per imc dc (see falcata).
Pcriploca* 261
Pcrisama from South Amer-
ica, New 181
plcxippus, Anosia 38
polemoniclla*, Colcophora . . . 127
Polygonia proync. Aberra-
tion of (ill.) 112
Psacaphora (see metallifcra').
purpuriella*, Pcriploca 261
pyrrhosphenus*. Hacmactis
(ill.) 169
sinerubra*, Pcrisama (ill.).. 181
Sugaring for moths 298
Swarming of the Monarch
butterfly 38
syrichtus, IJcspcrla 297
Tinea cloacclla bred from
fungi ..................... 251
titania, Catocala ............ 14
turn us, Papilio ............. 247
unimaculella, Ithomc ....... 262
utalicusis*, Argynnis ........ 216
I'iburniclhi, Colcophora ..... no
virginica, Diacrisia .......... 191
Wing-coupling apparatus in
the Micropterygidae ...... 168
ODONATA.
ttarmii, \'c»ucura ........... 165
ithcrrans, Pseudostigvna ..... 163
acccdctis. Pseudostigma ..... 163
Addition to New Jersey rec-
ord ....................... 277
Acslina (see coniigcra).
alcyouc, C'.n-a marina ....... 162
alicnitm, Heteragrion ....... 163
amasili, Atia.r .............. 37
Ana.v (see ainazHi).
Anisoptera from Guatemala,
3i. 7^
Aryia (see oculata, difficilis).
barilla. Mctalcptobasis ...... 165
Brechmorhoga (see vira.i',
pcrtina.v, crocoscma, incqui-
unguis~).
Cannaphila (see fnncrca}.
capitalis, Ilctacr'ma ......... 161
cocrulatus, Megaloprepus . . . 163
Color pattern of Gomph.us
crassus. Variation in ...... 294
Concord, Mass.. Odonata of. 10
cophysa, Tiatiiea ........... 75
Cora (see alcyonc').
Cordulcrjastcr dorsalis as an
enemy of trout ........... 22
cornigera, .-Icslum .......... 37
Co-ryphaeschna, Naiad of the
crocoscma,
rapa.\-
Brechmorhoga
INDEX
i rassus, Gomphns 294
diadophis, Erpetogomphits
(ill.) :-• 36
difficilis, Argia 163
domitia, Perithemis 75
dorsalis, Cordulegaster 22
elongata, Gompholdes 33
Epigomphus (see subobtusus) .
Erpetogomphus (see schausi,
diadophis}.
Erythrodiplax (see umbrata,
ochracea, fusca).
ferruginea, Orthcmis 73
foliata, Libellula 72
funerea, Cannaphila insularis 73
fusca, Erythrodiplax connata 74
Gomphoides (see elongata).
Gomphus (see crassus).
gracile, Acanthagrion 164
gracilis, Gynacantha 38
Gynacantha (see septima, gra-
cilis) .
herculea, Libellula 72
Hetaerina (see tricolor, titia,
macropus, capitalis).
hinei, Rhodopygia 75
imbuta, Uracis 73
inequiunguis, Brechmorhoga.. 74
ingens, Coryphaeschna (ill.)- !<>6
iris, Perithemis domitia 75
Lestes (see tenuatus).
Libellula (see foliata, hercu-
lea).
macropus, Hetaerina 161
Mecistogaster (see modcstus).
Megaloprepus (see coerula-
tus).
Metaleptobasis (see bovilla).
modcstus, Mecistogaster .... 163
Naiad of the genus Coryph-
aeschna 105
Neoneura (see aaroni).
ochracea, Erythrodiplax 74
oculata, Argia 163
Perithemis (see domitia, iris) .
pertinax, Brechmorhoga 74
pseudimitans, Macrothemis. . . 75
Pseud ostigma (see aberrans,
accedens).
Rhodopygia (see hinei).
schausi*, Erpetogomphus (ill.) 33
septima, Gynacantha 37
subobtusus, Epigomphus 36
Sympetrum (see znrgula).
tcnuatus, Lestes 162
titia, Hetaerina 160
Tramea (see cophysa).
tricolor, Hetaerina 160
Trout. Cordulegaster dorsalis
as an enemy of 2J
umbrata, Erythrodiplax 74
Uracis (see imbuta).
Variation in color pattern of
Gomphus crassus 294
lirgula, Sympetrum illotum.. 77
vivax, Brechmorhoga 74
Zygoptera from Guatemala.. 160
ORTHOPTERA.
Cavotettix, Remarks on 78
Neotettix (see proavus, nulli-
sinus) .
nullisinus, Veotettix 81
Phylogeny of the Orthoptera 42
(ill.) ' 64
proavus, Neotettix 79
Seventeen year grasshoppers 113
PRESS OF
?. C. STOCKHAUSerV
PHILADELPHIA
EXCHANGES.
This column is intended only for wants and exchanges, not for
advertisements of goods for sale. Notices not exceed-
ing three lines free to subscribers.
These notices are continued as long as our limited space will allow; the new
ones are added at the end of the column, and only when necessary those at the top
(being longest in) are discontinued.
Wanted — Specimens of fleshy and woody fungi from which
beetles have been collected, together with names of host trees, names
of beetles, localities and dates. All specimens will be gratefully acknowl-
edged and identified, and the information properly accredited. Harry
B. Weiss, State Department of Agriculture, Trenton, N. J.
Wanted — Tipulidae from all parts of North America. Material
from the far North especially desired. Will buy or exchange. Dr.
W. G. Dietz, 21 North Vine Street, Hazleton, Pa.
For Exchange — Live pupae of E. tityrus and H. tenuis. What
have you to offer? Joseph Syrovy, Jr., 4119 W. 21st Place, Chi-
cago, Illinois.
Coleoptera. Cotypes of Chrysobothris falli VanDyke for exchange
for rare Buprestidae, domestic or foreign. Also other species for
exchange. Richard T. Garnett, 3600 Broadway, Oakland, Cali-
fornia.
Noctuidae. — Will purchase, or exchange Lepidoptera from west-
ern states for the rarer noctuid moths of N. Am. Desire Hamp-
son's work on this family, also other literature. Chas. A. Hill,
Hamilton Apts., No. 310, Omaha, Nebraska.
Wanted for Cash — Central and South American (especially
Brazilian") Rhopalocera in papers. Good condition. Dr. G. Gran-
ville Buckley, Rye Croft South, Manchester Road, Bury, Lanca-
shire, England.
Complete Collection of Syrphid flies from this locality, all
mounted with full data and correctly named, for exchange or sale.
Desire Buprestidae and Cerambyefldae, preferably from West.
Alan S. Nicolay, 416a Grand Avenue, Brooklyn, New York.
Wanted — Perfect sp. of Cat. marmorata, walshii, arizonae, baba-
yaga. desdemona, herodias, consors, somnus, agrippina, sappho,
phrynia. I offer A-l flebilis, lacrymosa, evelina, paulina, obscura,
angusi lucetta, retecta, luctuosa, vidua, residua, epione, unijuga,
partia, pura, purissima, aholibah, coloradensis, aspasia, Faustina,
luciana, zoe, innubens, hinda, scintillans, nubilis. Will give also
exotics in exch.— VI. G. Sasko, 2340 Walton St., Chicago, 111.
For Exchange — Living pupae of Sphingidne. also bred specimens
mounted: bred Catncalas; other material on pins and in paper.
Wanted, N. A. and exotic Lepidoptera, N. A. Catocalas preferred.
-Herman J. Krb. 925 Hatch Ave., Woodhaven, Long Island. N. Y.
Wanted — Therevidae from all parts of North America. Mono-
graphing family. Will exchange Diptera or other orders. — R. W.
Doane. Department of Entomology, Stanford University, Cal.
For Exchange — Diccrca lepida Lee. and other Coleoptera in ex-
change for Buorestidae. J. N. Knull, Hummelstown, Pa.
Catocalae — For exchange — (jracilis. siniilis, cratacgi. ultronia. iuti-
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Books Wanted— Volumes 11 and It. Entom. News. Rrnoklvn
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RECENT LITERATURE
FOR SALE BY
THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
1900 RACE ST., PHILADELPHIA, PA.
COLEOPTERA.
795. — Blaisdell (F. E.)- — Studies in Alaudes (Tenebrionidae).
(Trans., 45, 307-313, 1919) 15
796. — Blaisdell (F. E.). — Synopsis and review of the species of
Coelus (Tenebrionidae). (Trans., 45, 315-334, 1 pi.,
1919) 40
DIPTERA.
2120. — Van Duzee (M. C.). — Two new Asyndetus with a table
of the North American species. (Ent. News, 30, 248-
250, 111., 1919) 10
HEMIPTERA AND HOMOPTERA.
2129. — Ferris (G. F.). — A new species of Pseudodiaspis. (Ent.
News, 30, 275-276, ill., 1919) 10
2125. — McAtee (W. L.). — Notes on two Miridae, Campto-
brochis and Paracalocoris. (Ent. News, 30, 246-247,
1919) 10
HYMENOPTERA.
2131. — Bradley (J. C.). — A new Tachytes from Georgia. (Ent.
News, 30, 298, 1919) 10
:?]30.— Cockerell (T. D. A.). — Bees of the Rocky Mountain
National Park. (Ent. News, 30, 286-291, 1919) 15
LEPIDOPTERA.
2127. — Weiss (H. B.).— Tinea cloacella, bred from fungi. (Ent.
News, 30, 251-252, 1919) .10
2128. — Braun (A. F.). — Notes on Cosmopterygidae, with de-
scriptions of new genera and species. (Ent. News, 30,
260-264, 1919) 10
ODONATA.
797. — Calvert (P. P.) — Gundlach's work on the Odonata of
Cuba: a critical study. (Trans., 45, 335-396, 3 pis., 1919) 1.10
ORTHOPTERA.
M-4.— Hebard (M.). — The Blattidae of Panama. [A mono-
graphic study, describing 10 n. gen., 31 n. sps.l. (Mem.,
4, 148 pp., 6 pis., 1919) 2.50
ELCO
When we first used this word, it meant Elco Card Index Mounts only.
The word Elco, as now used, applies to our entire line of Lepidoptera Spec-
ialties and Supplies, made and sold by us. It is our intention to increase
this line as fast as it is practical to do so.
The items ready for business are listed below. A number of others will
be ready during the winter.
THE ELCO LINE
Dept. 1 — STOCK DEPARTMENT, LEPIDOPTERA — Papered or pinned; mounted
in Elco Art Mounts, Riker Mounts, Elco Wing Mounts. Prices
on application.
Dept. 2— ART DEPARTMENT, ELCO BUTTERFLY ART MOUNTS
5x6 inches, $1.25^; 8 x 12 inches, $2.50 ; 12 x 16 inches, $5.00
Dept. 3 — SUPPLY DEPARTMENT, ELCO LABELS
Ruled, white, ^ x 1 'a , 65c. per 1000
Plain, white, gummed, % x 1 14 , 50c. per 1000
Plain, bristol board, 65c. per 1000
ELCO INDEX TABS — Eight colors gummed, \i x 7/&, for color classifi-
cation of records and specimens, 25c. per 1000, assorted.
ELCO CELLULOID SPREADING STRIPS— Transparent, assorted lengths,
lOc. per 1000
ELCO CARD INDEX SPECIMEN MOUNTS
3x5, lOc. each; 4x6, 15c. each ; 5 x 8, 20c. each.
ELCO CARD INDEX WING MOUNTS— Prices of sets on application.
;pt. 4 — COLLECTOR'S SERVICE DEPARTMENT— Information in regard to
this Department on request.
S. C. CARPENTER, Lepidoptera, 62 So. Whitney Street, Hartford, Conn.
ClAI F BUTTERFLY COLLECTION
O/Ai-iJl Containing Over 700 Different
Species mounted on Cotton in 60 glass-covered drawers, in oak
cabinet, with large bottom drawer.
CARLO ZEIMET - - - PLANTSVILLE, CONN.
RFTFNT ARR1VA1 S- Papilio horishanus (n. spj, Formosa.
fXIL^ILlM 1 /-\I\r\l V /ALO . Large> Perfect. Males only $
Lot 50 Formosan Butterflies, includes many rarities, $10.00. Cheap lots
from Africa, South America or India, 50 for $5.00. 500 each Morpho atna-
^onicus and deidamia to be sold quick; first quality, 35c.; seconds, 25c.
discount for 100 lots. Thousands of butterflies always in stock.
G. G. MACBEAN, Lepidopterist, Assiniboia, Sask., Canada
T TEE UTQTrtDTPQ of a11 descriptions prepared for Colleges,
LiriJ niOlUnirjO Schools, Departments of Health, etc.
Insects for Dissections. Pressed Cork. Send for Lists.
NEW JERSEY ENTOMOLOGICAL COMPANY
P. O. Box 432 Perth Amboy, New Jersey
NEW ARRIVALS
From Columbia, So. America :
OVER 10,000 BUTTERFLIES, INCLUDING
Morpho cypris Alorpho amathonte
stilkowskyi Caligo spp.
From Cuba :
1500 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
Papilio columbus Urania boisduvali
andraeinon Erinyis guttalaris
celadon Protoparce brontes, etc,
" devilliersi
From Venezuela :
Over 5000 Lepidoptera
200 Dynastes hercules
From New Guinea :
2000 Coleoptera
200 Orthoptera
From Assam, India :
1200 BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS, INCLUDING
Papilio arcturns Kallima j/.achis
philoxenus Brabmaea. wallachi
And Many Other Showy Species
From Tibet (Bhutan)
Armandia lidderdalii Parnassius hardwicki
CATALOGUES OF
ENTOMOLOGICAL SUPPLIES AND SPECIMENS
ON APPLICATION
If interested kindly send your list of desiderata for further information to
THE KNY-SCHEERER CORPORATION
Department of Natural Science New York
G. Lagai, Ph.D. f\ /\ f\ 404-410 W. 27th Street
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION LIBRARIES
3 9088 00844 5322
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