uNivEKsmy
PENNSYIXMOIA.
UBKARIE5
THE FEISNSYLVANlA-GERnAN SOCIETY.
WILLIAM PENN
/CTAT 52
FROM PAINTING BY FRANCIS PLACE IN INDEPENDENCE HALL.
Ipcnne^lvania:
THE GERMAN INFLUENCE
IN ITS SETTLEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT.
H Narrative anö Critical Ibistori?.
PREPARED BY AUTHORITY OF
THE PENNSYLVANIA-GERMAN SOCIETYo
PART XIV.
DANIEL FALCKNEWS 'CURIEUSE NACHRICHT
FR OM PENNS YL VA NIA . " THE BOOK THA T
STIMULATED THE GREAT GERMAN EMI-
GRATION TO PENNSYLVANIA IN THE
EARLY YEARS OF THE XVIII CENTURY
PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY
publication Committee.
JULIUS F. SACHSE, LITT.D.
DANIEL W, NEAD, M.D.
HENRY M. M. RICHARDS.
spaniel jfalckner'e
Curieuöc Macbricbt
from
Pennsylvania
THE BOOK THAT STIMULATED THE GREAT
(Berman Ifmmiöration to penneiplvaina
IN THE EARLY YEARS OF THE XVIII CENTURY
TRANSLATED AND ANNOTATED
BY
JULIUS FRIEDRICH SACHSE, Litt.D.
Part XIV. of a Narrative and Critical History
PREPARED AT THE REQUEST OF
The Pennsylvania-German Society
LANCASTER, PA.
1905
Copyrighted 1905
BY
JULIUS F. SACHSE
All rights reserved
PlIESS OF
The Neu tP« Priuiiiis Coup
L*>CA$TE>. Pa,
THIS VOLUME
IS PRINTED AS A MEMORIAL
TO THE
jearli^ (Bennan Settlera
of
pennei^lvania
WHO LEFT THE FATHERLAND TO FOUND A HOME
FOR THEMSELVES AND POSTERITY
IN
penn's IProt>ince
WHERE LIBERTY OF CONSCIENCE WAS ASSURED AND WHOSE
DESCENDENTS ARE NOW TO BE FOUND PROMINENT FACTORS
IN EVERY STATE OF THE AMERICAN UNION
CONTENTS.
INTRODUCTION.
CHAPTER I.
Foreword.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania — Two great Migra-
tions — A rare Book — Finding of the Original Manu-
script of 1699 5~7
CHAPTER IL
Penn's Province.
William Penn — Benjamin Furly — Advertising the
Grant — Practical Results — Literature in English,
Dutch and German 8-12
CHAPTER III.
Francis Daniel Pastorius.
Arrival of Crefelders — German Accounts of the
Province — Könneken Manuscripts — Contents — Pas-
torius Letters and Report — " Four Useful Tracts " . . 13-21
CHAPTER IV.
" Curieuse Nachricht von Pensvlvanien."
Persecution of Pietists — Seelig's Report to Spener —
Daniel Falckner's Return to Europe — Qiiestions Sub-
mitted to Him — Printed Version of 1 702 — Value of
the Book — Subsequent Editions — Publications of
Falckner and Pastorius 22-30
viii Contents.
CHAPTER V.
Daniel Falckner.
Biographical Sketch — Early Pietist — Friend of
Spener — Spener's Interest in the German Settlement
of Pennsylvania — Kelpius' Party — Voyage and Vicis-
situdes— The Tabernacle on the Wissahickon . . . . 31 -38
CHAPTER VI.
August Hermann Francke.
Correspondence — Presents Seventy-three Questions
to Falckner — Pastorius' Accusation of Falckner — Ref-
utation of the Slander — Complete Vindication — An
Enduring Monument 39~43
FALCKNER'S AUTHENTIC TIDINGS.
List of Questions.
Seventy-three Qiiestions in Original Manuscript . . 46-57
Twenty-two Additional Qiiestions in Original Mann-
script 5S-61
Nine Qiiestions in Printed Version Not Found in the
Original Manuscript 63-63
PR^MONITIO.
Preface.
Preface to Original Manuscript 64-75
Preface to Printed Version 76-81
QUESTIONS 1-8.
The Voyage.
Arrangement for, and Conduct upon the Voyage —
What to Beware of — Intercourse with Crew — Sea
Sickness — Young Persons S2-95
Contents. ix
QUESTIONS 9-i6.
In THE New World.
What to Observe — Deportment Toward Other Sects
— Establishment — Health — Climate — Fertility —
Fruits and Vegetables — How to Support Oneself . . 95-105
QUESTIONS 17-28.
The Indians.
Their Tribes — Intercourse — Virtues and Vices —
Life — Support — Employment — Children — Married
Life — Judgments — Government — Authority . . . 106-121
QUESTIONS 29-40.
Education of the Savage.
How to Introduce Religion — Arts and Sciences —
True Nature of the Christian — German and English
Language — Education of the Children — The Elders
— Religion and Life Prior to European Settlement . 122-135
QUESTIONS 41-44.
Home Life of the Indian.
Language — Diseases and Their Cures — Warfare —
Household — Domestic Affairs and Utensils .... 136-145
QUESTIONS 45-48.
Animalia of the Province.
Animal life in the Province — Aquatic Life — Danger-
ous Animals in the Waters — Fauna 146-15 1
QUESTIONS 49-55.
German Settlement of the Province.
Proposal to send over Saltworkers from Halle —
Pious Miners — Geographical Description — Corre-
spondence with Europe — Artisans — Devout Literature
— Missionary Laborers 152-16 1
X Contents.
QUESTIONS 56-65.
Local Customs.
Life of the Indian — Parturition — Infants — Water
Courses — Fishing — Hunting — Game — Birds — Bears . 162-171
QUESTIONS 66-81.
Development of the Province.
Indians, How to Avoid Irritating Them — Arts and
Sciences, Introduction of — Settlers — New Colonies —
— Suggestions — Arrangements — Regulations — Names
of Towns in the Province — Commerce — Extension of
the Kingdom of God — History — Traditions — Condi-
tion— Project for a New Settlement 172-205
QUESTIONS 82-8S.
Information for Emigrants.
Chief needs of America — Where Necessaries are to
be Obtained — What to Bring from England and Hol-
land — Who to Report to upon Arrival — Liberty to
Return to Europe — Mechanics Most Needed . . . 206-2 1 3
QUESTIONS 89-103.
Indians.
Burial of Dead — Oaths — Seventh Day — True
Knowledge of God — Resurrection of Dead — Arms —
Philosophers — Observation of the Stars — Extraordi-
nary Phenomena — Motus — Millennium — Divers sects
in Pennsylvania — How to Pacify the Indians — Names
of Indians and Children 213-245
APPENDIX.
Notes and amplifications of Various Matters in the
text ^^246-256
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PIvATES.
William Penn Frontispiece
Benjamin Furly Facing page 12
Early Map Showing Swedish and Dutch Settlements. 20-21
Title, Pastorius Beschreibung, Memmingen Reprint
1792 " " 28
Title, Pastorius Beschreibung, Crefeldt Reprint 1884 29
Rev. Philip Jacob Spener " " 32
Magister Johannes Kelpius " " 36
Rev. August Hermann Francke " " 39
Map of Pennsylvania and West Jersey " " 45
Wampum belt " " 121
First Deed of the Indians to William Penn " " 140
Earliest Known Picture of Philadelphia 190
Penn 's " Second Settlement " 244-245
Falckner Arms " " 248
ILLUSTRATIONS IN TEXT.
Note. — The Head and Tail Pieces used in the body of the book, pp.
45 to 245, are reproductions of the Edition of 1702.
PAGE.
Autograph, Furly 23
Title, Falckner 24
Title, Pastorius 26
Head Piece 5
Arms, Sachse 5
Arms, Penn 8
Head Piece, Penn 8
Autograph of Penn 9
Tail Piece 12
Head Piece 13
Arms, Pastorius • 13
Autograph, Pastorius 14
Könneken MSS 15
Title of Sichere Nachricht ... 18
Title, Pastorius 20
Tail Piece 21
Head Piece and Vignette .... 22
Title, Continuatio 27
Autograph, Daniel Falckner . . 32
Kelpius' Diary 35
Tail Piece 38
Head Piece 39
Halle Symbol 39
Autograph, Francke 43
Autograph, Sachse 44
Seal of Pennsylvania-German So-
ciety 44
FOREWORD.
W
O incident connected with
the settlement of the
grand old Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania has aroused
greater interest in the minds
of the historian and the student
than the migration of the Ger-
man masses from the Father-
land to Penn's province on the
Delaware, beginning during
the reign of King Charles the Second and extending
with more or less regularity, according to the political
and religious conditions of Western Germany, down
to the early years of the third George. It was a tide of
brawn and muscle, which sought to escape the persecu-
tions at home, and here in the new world to found homes
for themselves, their families and posterity, and erect in
the wilderness altars for the worship of Almight}' God,
according to the dictates of their conscience, free and un-
trammelled by any ecclesiastical or secular restrictions.
The stor}' of the two great migrations from Germany to
Pennsylvania in 1709 and 1764 has been told in detail.
5
6 The Pennsylva7iia- German Society.
The first one, known as the Massen atisivanderung or
*' Exodus of 1709" is exhaustively set forth in the seventh
volume of the Proceedings of the Pennsylvania-German
Society. That of the second great migration, in the year
1764, will be found upon the pages of the Lutheran
Church Review for the year 1903 and was compiled from
original sources and documents by the present writer.
Full and instructive accounts of the continuous general
movement of the Germans to Pennsylvania are presented
in the contributions to our history by fellow members of
the Pennsylvania-German Society and printed in the pro-
ceedings of that organization.
It is not our present purpose to go over any of the ground
already covered by the above investigators, but to bring to
notice some new and additional matter, and direct atten-
tion to the factor that set this great migratory stream in
motion, one which has had so great and salutatory an
effect upon the development, not only of Pennsylvania,
but of the whole United States, which is now justly known
as the great world power of the western hemisphere.
This great factor is nothing less than a small duodecimo,
but little known except to historians and collectors of rare
books. So scarce is this little volume that it is seldom
quoted by dealers in their lists of Americana or found in
the antiquartat catalogues of Germany. In the only in-
stance of the latter known to the writer the book was
quoted at 250 marks, a sum equivalent to $62.50 of our
money.
Of the few known copies, one is in the collection of the
Historical Society of Pennsylvania ; and others in that of
the old German Society, Philadelphia Library Company,
and in the collection of an ex-president of the Pennsyl-
vania-German Society.
An Original Mamiscrift. 7
Heretofore nothing was known as to the conditions
under which this book was written and published or who
propounded the 103 questions, the answers to which,
besides giving advice to the prospective emigrant and
settler, present an insight into the life and habits of the
Indians and the social conditions of Penn's Colony in its
infancy, not to be found elsewhere.
It was the good fortune of the writer, during his late
search among the archives in the Fatherland, after records
and material bearing upon the early history of this prov-
ince, to find not only the original manuscript of this book,
but also the original set of questions, as submitted to
Daniel Falckner, the learned scholar and Pietist who had
lately returned from the solitudes of the hermitage on the
Wissahickon. This set of questions proved to be in the
handwriting of no less a person than the celebrated divine
and scholar, August Hermann Francke, who together with
Spener was then at the head of the Pietistical movement
in the Lutheran Church in Germany.
A careful copy of this manuscript was made for the
writer. This has since been compared with the printed
version, which it appears differs slightly in some of its minor
particulars from the original. Then again a few additions
were made to the text, w^hile a considerable portion of the
prologue and text was omitted. The main features, however,
remain the same in both versions. The account, as will be
shown, went through several editions, which were issued
simultaneously in Leipzig and Frankfort-on-the-Mayn.
CHAPTER II.
The Province of Pennsylvania.
P
PENNSYLVANIA was the
best advertised province
of all the original thirteen
Colonies, and it w^as mainly
due to the liberal use of
printer's ink that the stream
of emigration was aroused,
and set in so strongly and
steadily towards King Charles
the Second's grant to William
Penn, at a time when emi-
gration to the New World was
lagging. No professional pro-
moter or land speculator of the present day could have
devised any scheme which would have proved a greater
success than the means taken by William Penn and his
counsellor Benjamin Furly to advertise his province among
the various nations and conditions of men. It is quite
piquant to picture the Society of Friends as the founders
of American advertising. But such they were.
By a reference to the list of title-pages printed in fac-
simile in Volume VII., Proceedings of the Pennsylvania-
8
Penn's " Account" of the Province. 9
German Society, it will be seen that no less than fifty-eight
books, broadsides, and pamphlets, in English, Dutch,
German and French are enumerated which bear upon the
early settlement of Pennsylvania.
The first four of these are by Penn and Furly, and are
of a religious nature. We then come to William Penn's
Some Account of the Province of Pennsylvmiia in America.
This account was compiled by Penn and Furly from the
best information then obtainable, and printed almost im-
mediately after the grant received the royal confirmation
in the year 1681. It was issued in English, German
and Dutch, and was liberally circulated by Furly through-
out Holland and the country adjacent to the Rhine.
The pamphlet begins with a glowing account of the new
province, setting forth the advantages offered by it to the
husbandman and tiller of the soil. By way of comparison,
Penn says that an improved acre in the Barbadoes is worth
three times the value of an acre in England, and that in
Virginia an acre of tobacco pays a clear profit of twenty-
five pounds, besides twenty barrels of corn yearly. Thence
Penn proceeds, as he states, "to give some account of his
concerns." This section he divides under the following
five heads :
1. I shall say what may be necessary of the place or
province.
2. Touch upon the constitutions.
3. Lay down the conditions.
4. Give my sense of what persons will be fit to go.
lO The Pennsylvania- German Society.
5. What utensils, furniture and commodities are fit to
carry with them, with the charge of the voyage, and what
is first to be done and expected there for some time.
Then follows an abstract of the grant by King Charles
II., closing with an invocation, in which Penn says :
"I beseech Almighty God to direct us, that his blessing
may attend our honest endeavour, and then the conse-
quence of all our undertaking will turn to the glory of his
great name and the true happiness of us and our posterity."
The whole matter formed a folio pamphlet of ten pages.
This "Account" was at once translated by Benjamin Furly
into German and Dutch. The former was printed by Cun-
raden at Amsterdam, the Dutch version by Wjmbrugge at
Rotterdam. This was the earliest notice of Pennsylvania
in German, and was reprinted two years later (1683) at
Leipzig. To both of these translations, Furly, further to
strengthen Penn's claims to German and Dutch recognition
and to stimulate emigration from those countries, added a
translation of Penn's " Liberty of Conscience." It was also
reprinted in the Diarium £nropacum.
About the same time (1681) an enlarged German version
of Dti VaPs Universal Geography was issued by Froberg
of Nürnberg, giving some notice of Pennsylvania ; and also
a French book, by Reinier Leers, at Rotterdam, which
mentions Pennsylvania upon the title-page.
B}^ the aid of Furly 's commercial and personal corre-
spondents this literature was circulated throughout the Low
Countries and in Germany, as far as Lübeck and Dantzic
in the East and down the Rhine among the Palatines even
into Switzerland.
The first practical results from these advertisements are
shown by the conveyance on March 10, 1682, of 15,000
acres of land in Pennsylvania to Jacob Telner, Dirck Sip-
Crefeld Purchasers . 1 1
man of Crefeld and Jan Streypers of Kaldkirchen. These
men were the first of the original Crefeld purchasers.
Shortly afterwards (1682) Penn issued another advertise-
ment of his province. It was a pamphlet of three and a
half pages, two columns to a page, the object of which was
to furnish information for prospective settlers of the differ-
ent nationalities.
The heading of the English version sets forth :
Information and Direction to Such Persons as arc in-
clined to America, More Especially Those related to the
Province of Pennsylvania.
This was also translated and issued in both German and
Dutch. No German copy of this rare pamphlet is known,
but a Dutch copy, lacking the last page and the imprint,
was found among the Penn papers in the collection of the
Pennsylvania Historical Society. It is endorsed : " Dutch
information over Pennsylv."
Another Dutch edition of this pamphlet, with a somewhat
different heading, was issued in 1686.
In the meantime Penn had printed the Articles, settle-
ment and offices of the free Society of Traders in Pennsyl-
vania; also his Frame of the Government of the Prov-
ince, etc., neither of which appear to have been translated
into any other language.
These issues were quickly followed by Penn's Brief
account of the Province of Pennsylvania, which was at
once translated and published by Furly in Dutch, French
and German. This was supplemented with Plantatioji
work, the work of this Generation, which however does
not appear to have been issued in any but the English
tongue.
Such was the literature that was being scattered broad-
cast throughout the different countries to bring the province
12
The Pennsylvania-Gc7'inan Society.
into notice, during the eighteen months that Penn had been
in possession of his charter.
While Furly was bending his efforts to induce emigra-
tion to Penn's province chiefl}^ among the non-orthodox
sects, such as Sectarians and Separatists in Holland and
Germany, Penn was completing his arrangements for going
to his province. He finally sailed on the Welcome in
August, 1682, arriving at New Castle on the Delaware on
October 27, after a voyage of fifty -four days.
THE FENNSYLVANIA-GERMA/N SOCIETY.
BENJAHIN FURLY.
B HPRIL 13. 1636: D.NnRCM. 1714.
CHAPTER III.
Francis Daniel Pastorius.
9a YEAR later, August
'^^ i6, 1683, Francis
Daniel Pastorius arrived
at Philadelphia. He came
out as the representative
of a number of German
Pietists who had acquired
considerable tracts of land
from Penn. Two months
later he was followed by
the first German settlers
from Krisheim and Cre-
feld, who arrived in the Concord^ October 6, 1683.
Up to this time the narratives and descriptions of the
country were derived from verbal accounts and hearsay,
obtained from diverse sources which were deemed by Penn
and Furly to be reliable. The advent of Penn, Pastorius,
the Crefelders and other settlers brought forth a new set of
letters and authentic descriptions, direct from the New
14 The Pennsylvania- Gcr))ian Society.
World, giving personal experiences and accounts derived
from actual observation.
This class of literature was destined to attract greater
attention than the vague accounts heretofore published,
and thus gradually to stimulate German emigration.
•
These missives were not all printed immediately, but
were transcribed as soon as received by Furly, and copies
were sent to leading Pietists and Sectarians in Germany
and Holland who were interested in promoting the settle-
ment of Pennsylvania, a colony where liberty of conscience
was assured. Some of these persons in turn made new
copies thereof, either in whole or in part, for their own use
before passing the original transcript to others who were
interested. Thus was the information of Penn's colony
in its earliest days spread in the non-orthodox circles quickly
and quietly.
It was the good fortune of the writer, in one of his pil-
grimages to the Fatherland, to discover in the Ministerial
archives of Lübeck one of these manuscript volumes relat-
ing to the early settlement of Penn's province. These copies
were made by one Jaspar Balthasar Könneken, a book-
seller of Lübeck (d. 17 15) scholar and Pietist, an intimate
associate of the members who formed the Frankfort Com-
pany. Könneken, as correspondent of Furly, took great
interest in the settlement of Pennsylvania, and was only
dissuaded from going out in 1683 or joining the colony on
the Wissahickon in 1694 on account of his advanced age.
He carefully copied and preserved the information sent
him by Furly. Here we find :
Afi Interesting Mmmscrij^t.
15
allMfllfi*
!
4>. ^< r-^ *^T^ J ^^ t"^. \ ? s,^-^^
1 6 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
1. The letter sent b}^ Pastorius to his parents, dated
Philadelphia, March 7, 1684.
2. Pastorius' report to the Frankfort Company of the
same date.
3. Letter from Benjamin Furly, 5th of 3 Mo., 1684.
4. Missive from William Penn, Philadelphia, Aug. 26,
1683.
5. An account of the City of Philadelphia.
6. Extract from a letter by Thomas Paskell, February
10, 1683.
7. Letter from Philadelphia, February 12, 1684, gi"^'i"g
the earliest information from Germantown, written by one
of the Op de Graffs.
8. Extract from an open letter by Van der Walle from
America.
9. Letter from Penn to Furly, August, 1683.
10. Letter from Philadelphia, Sept. i, 1683.
11. Letter from Philadelphia, March 27, 1683.
12. Letter from John Rodger Langwart to Peter Hen-
dricks.
Most of these missives were afterwards printed in whole
or in part, but some are so excessively scarce that three of
the most important among them were entirely unknown to
Pennsylvania historians until brought to their notice several
years ago by the present writer, when written copies were
made of the German letters at his direction. A later com-
parison, however, with the original manuscript showed so
many discrepancies that photographic fac-similes were
made of all the missives both German and Dutch, and
these are now available to the American student.
The first and most important of the above to be printed
was Penn's Letter to the Committee of the Free Society of
Traders, in 1683. This was quickly translated and issued
German Letters from Pennsylvania. 17
in Low Dutch, German and French. To these were added
Holmes' Description of Philadelphia and Thomas Paskel's
letter of February 10, 1683. A second edition of the
Dutch version was published in 1684, as is shown by the
Könneken manuscript. This publication was followed a
year later by another advertisement by Penn, known as
A further account of the Province. This was also printed
in the Continental tongues.
Next we have Pastorius' two missives, numbers one and
two on the above list:^
(i) Copia eines ^ von einem Sohn an seine Eltern aus
America abgelassenen Brieffes. Sub. Dato Philadelphia
den J Martii^ 1684..
(2) Sichere Nachricht aus Amerika, wegen der Land-
schafft Pcnnsylvanien, von einen dorthin gereisten Deut-
schen. Sub. dato 7 Martii^ 1684..
We also have two missives in Low Dutch, one from
Joris Wertmuller, a Switzer, dated Germantown, March
16, 1684, the other from Cornelius Bom, a cake baker,
dated Philadelphia, October 12, 1684.^ These two letters
were published by Pieter Van Wynbrugge at Rotterdam,
and are undoubtedly the first accounts from actual German
or Dutch settlers to be published. The above mentioned
Pastorius missives not having been printed until the follow-
ing year, the title reads as follows :
Twee Missiven geschreven uyt Pennsylvania a' Ene
door een Hollander zvoonachtig in Philadelßa, d' Ander
door Switzer, woonachtig in German Town, Dat is Hoog-
duytse Stadt. Van den 16, Maert, 168^. Nieuweii Stijl.
tot Rotterdam, anno 168^.
^ Both of these missives are reproduced in facsimile and translation in
Sachse's " Letters from Germantown, 1683-1684." Lübeck and Philadelphia,
1903-
* For translation of these two missives see Pennypacker's " Hendrick
Pannebecker, 1674-1754," pp. 27-39.
i8
The Pennsylvania- Ge7'man Society.
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Gftiifglo^fftierten^iuifeneingefiOfage»/ mit T(öten9.3u(.be»)näit)airt)en©turnvfounjef?umni
auffrielui(te©(i:en gefallen /ta§i(t) einige 'Jag Aber te^55err5()utenmufle. Siefebeete ja« erinner«
tei! m:rt) narfttniceiict) te^ erffen auf aüe tbre pofferitAt tur(ft.;ef runge-.en Saite unferer Uretrern / wet?
(Senricimparate:^ / au(f)tie(erter jenijjen / tient)iiit)ic'«m3ammertMmein«^«'''»^<3<Jnm
Per varios cafus.«cc allein J.eprciiff fet) tie 33af ferf^a !t gört lirf^er 5Sarm()erßigfeif / wcitte uns fo t((f#
wa'6 wieder auf nc^tef/unt gunict ^A(t/tamif wir nitjt aäiifjüd) bcrfaüen / in ten ?vbgruiit te^ 2lrge/T,
©Sri^ 'ZBmm'lUcr fict g'eittniaifig überaus baif /?bomaö Oßfper/ fi})(ug am iei'b fe{)r m^ I tie ff ngtt*
f<l)c SJia^t tiatte tae iXottjlauff/ unt 3r<»«f S>itbre(t;ter fönfl tein aulTerlirfKn 2lnfeben nart) ter llärcf»
gc.Uc^am läiigffen tarneter. J^atre i(6aifo einen fieii-enSrfjiff^-^fpi'fat/ wiewof i(6 aftein bon ten
^cufi{henmeineiägerft4«un(erteii(5nglif(t}engenommen':(- Sa^einSocegcfeltuiifinnig/untun*
t«C(pi|t J»iitwitcr|>öUeöflitf(t)l<iä<n «üieö 2BflU|if4>(^ium3'»"Ji t'^wfät itorten;^ab irt> innieinfm
)of (eurem
FACSIMILE OF PRINTED VERSION OF PASTORIUS' "SICHERE NACHRICHT."
Missive to Model ins. 19
These publications were followed in the year 1685, with
a more extended account of the Province by Cornelius
Bom, and a Latin missive, descriptive of Germantown by
Pastorius, dated Germantown, December i, 1688. It was
sent to Dr. Modelius, a Professor at the University of Alt-
dorf, and intended to attract the attention of the learned
classes. It was not, however, published until April, 1691,
when the missive was inserted in the Monatliche Unter-
redungen, a serial published by Wilhelm Ernst Tenzel, the
celebrated royal Saxon historian and author, at that time
Professor at the Gotha Gymnasium. The letters, however,
failed to interest the learned classes to any extent at this
time, nor is it known to have been translated or republished
until the year 1700 when a portion of this letter was incor-
porated by Pastorius in his Beschreibung von Pennsyl-
vanicn, Contenta Liter arum Francisci Danielis Pastor ii,
an Herrn Georg Leonhard Modeln, Rector em Scholce
Windsheimensis. The missive contains little that is new
or of interest except the statement that within the five
years past the population of Germantown has increased
from 13 to 50.
" Quanquam enim anno 1683. tredecim tantum inchoa-
verimus, unius tamen lustri intervallo numerum excreve-
runt quinquagenarium."
Families, and not persons are evidently meant here, as
in his letter of March 7, 1684, he states that " twelve
families (consisting of forty-two persons) already live
there pleasantly," etc.^
He also makes mention of the German version of Penn's
Account oj" the Province of Pennsylvania of 1681, and
that he had gathered together in one volume, prior to his
3 Sachse's "Letters from Germantown, 16S3-1684." Translation, p. 5,
Facsimile, p. i.
20 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Hi* feftc itu^icße
ract^flem
Dt öfnnmm SanO:orüm Vitis
T. Deomnium Pontificum Statutrs
If. DeConCiliotum Decifionibus
V. DeEpifcoprs Sc Patriarchis CottftaH*
dnapolitanis^
I ♦ 1?^ 2(tler <?)eil?(t^n ficbena^Ubüiig
5. Don ö^r £onciIien Sti'itt^Sopivimg^
|.,üottOenen23tf(^6ffcn unbpatmfc^ert
SU Conftantinopd»
3um ©nmbe
©er fünfftfflbin nod) ferner börauf
ju bauen ^Borbabtnbcc 2B<n:^eÄ
pr33iTiittiret,
FRANCISCllM DANIELEM
PAStORIUN. J. IK L.
3« 15en(V){üanta neuüc^jt tjon mir fn
®run5 Qn(;d^gten /, unD nun mit gutem
Succefs aufgel)fn!)en (gtobt:
GERMANOPOH
Mm Cbrißi M, DC XC.
TITLE PAGE OF PASTORIUS' "FOUR USEFUL TRACTS."
THE PENNSYLVAI
A DUTCH MAP SHOWING THE SWEDISH AND DUTCH SETTLEMENTS I
Engraved about 1665.
-GERMAN SOCIETY.
DN THE WEST AND EAST SIDES OF THE SOUTH (DELAWARE) RIVER.
Original in collection of J. F. Sachse.
German Interest in the Province. 21
departure from Germany, several pamphlets bearing upon
the province. These were evidently the different versions
of Penn's " Account " and other pamphlets published by
Penn and Furly to advertise the province, and for his
information and use in connection with the formation of
the Frankfort Compan}^ [Not printed in Frankfort as
the quotation quod Francofnrti typis excriptum foras
■prodiit ; has led some students to believe.]
German interest in Penn's colony gradually became
aroused, especially in mercantile and pietistical circles.
As a result we find the members of the Frankfort Com-
pany taking a more active interest in their venture, as is
shown by the celebrated agreement dated November 12,
1686.
This interest was accentuated by the publication, in 1690,
of Pastorius' Vier Kleine doch ungemeine und sehr Nütz-
liche Tractätlein, followed two years later (1692) with a
publication of his Kurtze geographische Beschreibung^ ap-
pended to his father's sketch of Windsheim. This descrip-
tion was reprinted in various periodicals of the day.
Henceforth we have a number of German accounts and
descriptions from settlers in Pennsylvania.
CHAPTER IV.
CuRiEusE Nachricht von Pensylvania.
/^WING to the continued perse-
^^ cutions of the Pietists in
Germany, the attention of such
leaders as Spener and Francke
was serously turned towards Penn-
sylvania as an asylum for German
Pietists, and resulted in the send-
ing out of the party under Magis-
ters Kelpius, Köster and Daniel
Falckner, who settled on the Wissahickon in 1694.
From thence we have one of the most interesting and
instructive missives from the province, dated August 7,
1694. It was written by Johann Gottfried Seelig, a former
secretary of the great Spener. The manuscript is still pre-
served in the archives at Halle. It was printed in 1695
and is exceedingly scarce. From this time onward we
also have some controversial literature in which Köster
and Pastorius figured, which was circulated in Germany
and tended to advertise the Colon3^
Gabriel Thomas' " Historical Account" was published
in London in 1698, and was by far the largest and most
pretentious history' of Pennsylvania thus far attempted.
22
Francke's ^lestions. 23
Almost simultaneously with its appearance in London it
was issued in German in the interests of the Frankfort
Company, and was followed in 1700 by Pastorius' Um-
ständigc geographische Beschrcibxtrg.
In the meantime Daniel Falckner had returned to Ger-
many, arriving either late in 1698 or early in 1699, and
reported the condition of the province to Furly at Rotter-
dam and to the Pietistic leaders at Halle.
'Cyf'^/^^>tf»'»'^-*
While at the latter place. Rev. August Herman Francke,
who was then at the head of the Pietistic movement in
Germany, propounded seventy-three written questions to
Daniel Falckner, relative to the voyage to America and
the conditions of the country and its inhabitants, both Euro-
pean and Indian.
These questions were replied to by Falckner in writing
in exhaustive answers, wherein he gives the results of his
own experience and observations. His manuscript is pre-
fixed with a lengthy preface or Praemonenda, showing
that he was of the orthodox Lutheran faith. The whole
closes with an extended scheme for a moral and religious
communistic settlement or economy, based upon a capital
of 4,000 Rix Dollars.
Later on twenty-one additional pertinent questions were
propounded to him as to certain conditions in the New
World. These were also answered with an equal degree
of frankness. Transcripts of these questions and answers
were also made and circulated similar to the Könneken
MSS. The original set of questions and answers, with
24 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Curieufe Ägttifc
X?on
PENSYLVANrA
in
^DcDni* America
Sluf ^Segebren guter Sreun&c/
gcii / bet) fdncr 2i(>reig au6 Semfi^
lanD iiacl) obtgem ^mXit Anno 1700»
cvtljeilet/unönun Anno 1702 in Dcn^rucf
ÖCjjebcn ivorben.
X>on
S3anicl ialfnecn/ProfcfTorc,
frönet fuit yxnti ^etp^tct /
TITLE PAGE OF FAI^CKNER'S "ACCURATE TIDINGS."
Falckncr : ''''Accurate Tidings." 25
several fragments of the transcripts, however, remained in
the archives at Halle, where they were found, examined
and copied, after the lapse of two hundred years, by and
under the direction of the present writer.
Two years after the return to America of the Falckner
brothers, as attorneys for the Frankfort Company, as well
as Benjamin Furly, an edition of these questions and
answers was published in the coloquial style of the period
by the Frankfort Company. The printed copy as before
stated differs in some particulars from the original manu-
script, as some additional matter concerning the Indians
was added, and the preface, which was really a religious
dissertation, was greatly reduced. A translation of the
title reads as follows :
"Accurate tidings from Pennsylvania in Northern Amer-
ica, which, at solicitation of good friends, regarding 103 pro-
pounded questions, upon his departure from Germany to
the above country, anno 1700, were imparted, and now,
anno 1702, are given in print, by Daniel Falckner Profes-
sor,* Citizen and Pilgrim in that very place." [Frankfort
and Leipzig. To be found at Andreas Otto's, Publisher.
In the year of Christ 1702.]
Little did either Rev. Francke or Daniel Falckner at
that time realize the worth of this contribution to our his-
tory, or the factor this little book was destined to become
in stimulating the German emigration; nor could they ever
have imagined the financial value placed upon a copy of
this book two centuries later.
Pastorius' Umständige Geographische Beschreibung and
Falckner's Curieuse Nachricht were issued in several
editions. In 1704 a new edition of both was published in
one volume under the title : Continiiatio der Beschreibung
* Of Religion.
26
The Pennsylvania- German Society.
e
nfl
m
PENSYLV
3n t>encnen^;®rdn$eii
3» öer QBgf! <? ^^It seregen
FRAKCISCIIM DANIELEM
PASTORIOM*
J. V. Lic; «Kb gne^fni
©^reiben an Dejen ^err«
MELCHIOREM ADiSiMUM
PASTORIUM,
^ln^ anöe« gute greunöf.
TITLE PAGE OF PASTORIUS' GEOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTION.
The Combined Accounts. 27
CONTINÖÄTIO
*^ 2)eir
S5ef(&refbuti9 Der ganfcfdwfft
PENSYLVANIjE
AMERICiE.
llbcr i^onflt Deo Jg)erm3)aflorii
Rclacioncs«
3n itc^ l)altmb :
©je Situation , un& grud^tbartett btö
€r^bcDen(f• 2)ie <S(t)if ceicje tinö anberf
gluffe. 2Me 2(njal)t bevei' bi^^ero flebauten @tdbte,
är^ie leltiamc Sreafinen a» 2()term/ ajdfielii tlflb gtfcöen.
JDie Mineralien «no (Jfielijefteinc Oercp fingeftobrnen »li*
öenöo(cfer@pra(6«i/ Ol<Mafenunt)©<6t<fuc6e. lln&
Die er(tm ®bi'i/}(f(&f n 9)flan$ct «»( Slodaiicc
GABRIEL THOMAS
•[ßclcf;cm Traöcltlein nod^ bet^gefuget (tnb :
^eöJ£)tt. DANIEL'FALCRNERS
jßurgcr^ uni) ^ilgtimö in Penfylvania 193.
li^fAiittvortujigcn u|f oorgele^te Scagcn «on
gurcn Sr«ant>tii.
^rancf furt unb ^t\Xf\\% 1
3u finten bß^^nfcreaö Otto/^iic&ftdnUImt
TITLE PAGE OF PASTORIUS' "CONTINUATION" TOGETHER WITH
THOMAS' AND FALCKNER'S "ACCOUNTS."
28 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
der Landschafft Pennsylvania ("Continuation of the
description of the province of Pennsylvania "), to which
was added a German translation of Gabriel Thomas'" Ac-
count." This combination formed the most important earl}'
work on Pennsylvania published in the German language.
It was these successive editions of Pastorius and Falck-
ner's accounts that called the attention of the sturdy yeo-
manry of the Fatherland to the advantages of Penn's col-
ony, and started that great stream of emigration which at one
time almost threatened to depopulate the Palatinate, brought
thousands and thousands of Germans to our province and
made Pennsylvania the great Commonwealth it is to-day.
Strange how little this work of Daniel Falckner was
known to historians and writers on Pennsylvania history
prior to the publication, by the Pennsylvania-German Soci-
ety, of the Narrative and Critical History, under the title :
Pennsylvania: The German Tnßtiencc in its Settlement
and Development. Its very existence was almost un-
known, and still more that of its author, and is now for the
first time fully brought to the notice of the public.
How different is the case with the English version of
Gabriel Thomas' "Account." The importance of the
work has always been more or less recognized, essays
have been written upon it ; quotations and extracts printed,
and the work itself reprinted in both modern type and fac-
simile so far back as 1848, and even at the time of writing
a fac-simile copy, with annotations, is in course of publi-
cation in one of our Western States.
Yet the works of Pastorius and Falckner, which exer-
cised a much greater effect in inducing the emigration of
desirable settlers, have thus far, with a single exception,
failed to find a champion to suggest a reprint or a fac-simile
reproduction of these valuable works.
THE PENNSYLVANIA-GERHA/N SOCIETY. 28a
©cograp^ifc^.'jlatifltfc^c
35 e f c^ r e i b u It 3
von
3m Mueiiig mir Qlnmcrf utujcH.
9Jl e m m t n g c ttf
17 9 2*
fASTORlUS' BESCHREIBUNG.
FACSIMILE TITLE OF MEMMINQEM EDITION OF 1 79Z. fl/H HERETO-
FORE UNRNOWN UERSION. FOUND HFTER THE FREFHTORY CHflFTERS
TO THE PRESENT WORK WERE WRITTEN.
HIGINAl. IN COLLECTION OF
THE PENNSYLVANIA-GERriA/N SOCIETY.
$(fi|mbttng oon |lrnnfi)lMni(n.
91 tt d; b i I b »I u 9
bev in SJrrtnlfuvt a./OT. im 9i"^rc 1700 fvfdjtenenen
Driginal'^UiogaOe.
■ET
^crouSgegeben
uom
tofelbfr herein fur iuilTeurd)aftltcl)e 19orträ0f.
Wlit einer Einleitung
3on
Stiebtrid) Stapp.
-CSiiiri» ■
«refelb.
Stud t)on Aramer & SBaum.
1834.
FAST0R1U5' BESCHREIBUNG.
PRCSiniLE TITLE OF CRCFELDER REPRINT OF 1884.
ORIGINAL IN COLLECTION OF JULIUS F. SACHSE.
A Pastorius Reprint. 29
It is true that Pastorius and his works in America did
find an able champion in our late lamented Dr. Oswald
Seidensticker who, it maybe said, w^s the first to properly
introduce Francis Daniel Pastorius to the American public
and tell his story of Germantown without, however, bring-
ing about any reissue of his books. The only instance
when any such attempt was made was that of the late
Friedrich Kapp of Germany who, inspired by the accounts
of the bi-centennial celebration, in different parts of the
United States, October 6, 1883, of the landing of the Cre-
felders in Pennsylvania, induced the Crcfcldei' Vc7-ein fi'ir
Wissenschaftliche Vorträge in Germany to republish Pas-
torius' '■'' Beschreibung^'' of 1700. To this Kapp added an
introduction, which was mostly a reprint of Seidensticker's
Erste DeutscJie Einiv ander ting.
The addition, however, was a small one and the book
cheaply gotten up. It is now out of print and almost
unknown.
Far more important for furthering German emigration
than either the works of Pastorius or Thomas, was Falck-
ner's Curieuse JVachricht, which gave more authentic infor-
mation than any of his contemporaries as to the state of the
province, the social and domestic affairs of the settlers, and
the habits of the Indians, of which Governor Pennypacker,
in his " Settlement of Germantown," says : "I know of no
other such graphic description."
The combining of the three works in a single volume
was a wise provision of the Frankfort Company and shows
the acumen of the leading spirits of that organization.
There were other books printed both in German and
English during the same decade, advertising the province.
A full list of these, together with fac-similes of title-pages
and descriptions of each, can be found in my Father-
30 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
land^ in the seventh volume of the Proceedings of the
Pennsylvania-German Society.
In the following pages the whole of the original manu-
script of Daniel Falckner's Curieiise Nachricht will be
given both in the original German and a translation, with
annotations by the writer. Where the printed version
differs from the original manuscript both versions will be
given, thus enabling the reader to make his own compar-
ison and deductions.
CHAPTER V.
Daniel Falckner.
2)-
kANIEL FALCKNER,
author of our Curietise
Nachricht^ Citizen and Pil-
grim in Pennsylvania, in
Northern America, as he
signs himself therein, was
born November 25, 1666, was
the second son of Rev. Daniel
Falckner, the Lutheran pas-
tor at Langen-Reinsdorf (for-
merly known as Langen-
Rhensdorf and Langeramsdorf),near Crimmitschau, parish
of Zwickau, situated in that part of Saxony formerly known
as the Markgravate of Meissen, and was a scion of an old
Lutheran family. His ancestors on both sides had been
ordained Lutheran ministers.
His grandfather, Christian Falckner (died November 5,
1658), as well as his son, Daniel Falckner (died April 7,
1674), father of the subject of our sketch, were both pas-
tors of Langen-Reinsdorf. Pastor Daniel Falckner, the
31
32 The Pennsylvania- Gernia7i Society.
elder, was a man well versed in many branches of learn-
ing besides theology, as his library, an extensive one,
contained works upon almost every branch of the arts,
sciences, philosophy and history, besides the theological
works of the day. This great collection was kept intact
until the year 1704, when it was sold at auction. A printed
catalogue of this library, which forms a book in itself, is
^x?uy
still preserved in the great Stadt Bibliothek of Bremen,
and was examined by the writer during the past summer.
Thus it will be seen that the children of Dominie
Falckner had exceptional facilities for obtaining knowl-
edge at that early day.
From data that have come down to us, we learn that the
subject of our sketch, during his early life, was not of a
robust nature, as he was a weak and sickly child from the
time of his birth, a condition which changed but little until
he came to Pennsylvania, where he himself credits the
improvement in his physical condition to the out-door life
and exercise in the New World. It will be further noted
that in the very introduction to his Curieusc Nachricht he
makes mention of his " bodily ailnrents."
The connection of Daniel Falckner with the German
Pietists dates from almost the ver}-^ commencement of the
movement which opposed the rigid and externalized ortho-
doxy in the Lutheran churches in Germany during the
close of the Seventeenth Century.
From the correspondence between Spener and Francke,
still preserved in the archives of the Halle Orphanage, it
THt FENNSYLVA/NIA-GERHAN SOCIETY.
^^^UJNAI^,^.^^
^cyymh:Jenu7orc cncce-pto cJyohts JJCUS Ojcaudvttonem cMatun
0 '-! \
aturat ^Ju
^^•■^•-^Qjytniy :J ctnvorc c^ I CCer)
^xJohXVigXVlt i^ tbQal i ^ 6>a XLIX s- ii . Cor. VJ ^ [Ps. CJOX sz
PHlLirP JAr\OB SPE/NER.
B. JHN. II. 1635 : D. FEB. 5. 1705.
Speiicf^s Interest in Penii's Colony, 33
appears that Daniel Falckner, the same as both Spener and
Francke, was imbued at the very outset with a belief in the
visions and supernatural powers of several ecstatic maidens,
such as Rosamunda von Asseburg, Anna Maria Schuckart
alias the Erfurth Prophetess and Magdalena Elrichs.
Further that even Daniel Falckner himself at times went
into a state of ecstasy seeing visions and making enraptured
exhortations. A condition from which he was awakened
by the austere Köster. This fact is commented upon by
Spener in a letter to Francke, dated Berlin, May 6, 1693,
some months before the Kelpius party sailed for Pennsyl-
vania, wherein it says : " Thus has Henry Köster brought
Herr Falckner so far that he now has no further ecstasis.
He has also told how he came thereto, and how he himself
could by intense imagination awaken divine matters. And
that as he now intends differently and seeks a better path,
he is more calm."
It was not until nine months after this letter was written
by Spener that the long cherished plan of founding a
colony of German Pietists in Pennsylvania was consum-
mated, and the start was made by the party of religious
enthusiasts from Germany to Pennsylvania by way of
England.
Many had been the difficulties in bringing this cherished
object to a final stage of success. Even at the last moment,
when all were ready to embark, Magister Zimmerman
died. This, however, did not deter the party, who con-
tinued the voyage under the leadership of Magisters
Kelpius, Köster and Falckner.
There is one important fact in our history that has thus
far failed to attract proper attention. This is nothing more
nor less than the interest the great Spener took in the
success of the German settlement of Pennsylvania. From
34 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
letters and memoranda which have come down to us it
appears that Spener and Pastorius were in close touch
during the early days of the latter's residence in German-
town, and that Spener kept himself well informed as to
the state of the Germans in Pennsylvania. That this inter-
course ceased upon Pastorius' joining the Quaker fold be-
comes apparent from Spener's letter of August i, 1689, viz. :
"I do not remember having heard anything of Herr
Lie. Pastorius since I am here. But would be much
pleased if one of his pamphlets should come to mj'- notice.^
Such as take their refuge thither, I leave to their own opin-
ions. I could not advise anyone to flee, before the Lord
drives us out. Thus it appears that yonder place is as
liable to come into danger, as any other. As it stands, the
present English disturbances may also cause some changes
there.
"About Herr Penn it has already been reported for some
time among his own people, that he is not by far what he
formerly was.
'* My thoughts are to remain at all times where the Lord
places us, and to remain there so long as he permits, and
to go whenever he commands us to go. Upon such paths
I am surely safe.""
Magister Kelpius writes in his Diary that on Monday,
the seventh day of January, 1694, He, being convinced by
God, resolved upon going to America, his companions being
Heinrich Bernhard Köster, Daniel Falckner, Daniel Lutke,
^ Pastorius' Latin missive to Modelius of December, 1688, is evidently indi-
cated here ; so far as known this was not published until April, 1691.
^ Philipp Jacob Speners, D. Theologische Bedencken, und andere Brief-
fliche Antworten auff geistliche, sondern zur erbaung gerichtete materien zu
unterschiedenen zeiten auffgesetzt, und auff canguirthriges anhalten Christ-
liche freunde in einige Ordnung gebracht und herausgegeben. Dritter Theil
Halle, in Verlegung des Waysen-hauses, 1702. From copy in Ev. L,uth. Semi-
nary, Mt. Airy, Philadelphia.
Magister Kclpius. 35
'jCJ*-^ f^^»'^** ^^^f '"a ^^^y^r i^iirf'
Acfft^ jA».* «>/e^ <^y4W i>t^*^rat*i. ^
J^iT^CAE. S^f4iff Ct^i/fancif j^irnatntf /ärmt^o Jh^i'L^
jc>f^ faTa(C.) e*A'r. t''^*-'*4 f^iMUtti. , rnä^ £«4*^<^*'^
TACSIMILE OF FIRST PAGE OF MAGISTER KEI.PIUS' DIARY,
36 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Johan Seelig and Ludwig Biederman, together with about
forty other companions, some of whom Kelpius says were
numbered and others convinced by God, in Germany, and
had in the preceding year resolved upon that voyage. He
then states that on Wednesday, February 7, he engaged
for them the ship Sara Maria Ho-peivell, Captain John
Tanner, for seven English pounds of silver, which was paid
out on board one week later, the company having em-
barked on Monday, February 12, but Kelpius did not join
the Sara Maria at Gravesend until the 13th. It was upon
the next day when the money was paid and the anchor
raised, and the good ship, the Sara Maria, carrying a crew
of thirty mariners and an armament of fourteen guns, com-
menced on her voyage to America.
The vicissitudes of the party, however, were many, the
dangers of Goodwin Sands, storms in the channel, and
visits of the press gang were happily passed. It was not,
however, until Friday, April 15, when the English coast
was lost to sight.
There is but little mention of Daniel Falckner in this
Diary except that on Friday, February 15, both Kelpius
and Falckner's apprehensive minds presaged evils with a
fortunate outcome. These proved to be, first, a visit of
the press gang, and later the miraculous escape from
destruction on the Goodwin Sands. When Falckner,
filled with the spirit of God, poured forth fervent thanks-
giving : "Praised be the name of the Lord forever!
Amen ! Hallelujah !"
Toward the close of the Diary on Sunday, June 17,
Kelpius enters a memorandum :
" The memorable excommunication of Falckner by
Köster and that of Anna Maria Schuckart, the Prophetess
of Erfurth."
THE rENNSYLVA/MlA-GERMAN SOCIETY.
PORTRAIT OF JOHANNES KELEIUS.
BY CHRISTOPHER WITT IN 1705.
BELIEVED TO BE THE EARLIEST AMERICAN PORTRAIT IN OIL.
Scheme for Coimmmal Settlement. 37
This entry in the Kelpius Diary has always been a
conundrum to students of Pennsylvania-German history,
and has led some to suppose that the woman was among
the passengers on the ship.
How Daniel Falckner came to Pennsylvania with this
party headed by Magister Kelpius in 1694 and settled on
the Wissahickon, has been fully told in my volume on the
German Pietists in Provincial Pennsylvania^ and need not
be repeated here. Suffice it to say, as before stated, that
late in 1698 or early in 1699 he was sent as an emissary
from the Pietists on the Wissahickon to the Fatherland, to
make known the true state and spiritual condition of the
Germans who had emigrated to Pennsylvania ; and to set
forth the labors of the Pietistical brethren among their
countrymen in America, and solicit aid and additional re-
cruits, so that the perfect number of forty could be kept
intact, and at the same time could extend their usefulness
in educating their neglected countrymen in Pennsylvania
and Virginia.^
Another important scheme then under consideration was
the emigration of the members of the Philadelphian
Society in a body from England and the Continent to set-
tle in Pennsylvania, and there found a colony or colonies
where their peculiar teachings should be their only law.
And it may easily be inferred that the plan fully outlined
in his manuscript and touched upon in the printed version
for a Communal Settlement in Pennsylvania upon a cash
' As a matter of fact there were German settlements in Virginia prior to the
beginning of the XVIII. century, as both Köster and Petrus Sch äffer journeyed
there about the time when Daniel Falckner sailed for Europe. This interest-
ing fact is proven by a manuscript report in the Halle archives from Rev. Pet.
rus Schaff er to Rev. August Herman Fran eke. He also states that he sent a
complete history of Virginia to Halle (1699) and requests that it be published.
Thus far this interesting manuscript has not been found in the Halle archives.
J. F. S.
38
The Pennsylvania- Ger man Society.
capital of 4000 Rix Dollars alludes to the above scheme,
if it does not virtually give us some insight into the plan
upon which the original settlement of Kelpius and his as-
sociates on the Wissahickon was organized.
It is unnecessary here to follow the course of emissary
Falckner while upon his visit to the Fatherland : how he
reported to Benjamin Furly the Rotterdam merchant, who
did so much to promote German emigration, and was sub-
sequently, together with his younger brother, Justus, made
attorney in fact, for Furly's holdings in America ; or how
the Frankfort Company dismissed Pastorius and substi-
tuted Falckner, Kelpius and Jawart as attorneys to take
charge of and protect their interests in Pennsylvania. All
these facts are matters of history and have been fully told
in previous publications.
For our present purpose we shall confine ourselves to
the chief result of his visit to Halle on the Saale, which
was then the great center of German Pietism and religious
thought, with Francke as its leader.
THE PENNSYLVANIA-GERHAN SOCIETY.
AUQU5T MERMAN FRA/NCl^E.
LUDECK. HAK. 12, 1663: D. HALLE. JUNE 8. 1727.
CHAPTER VI.
August Hermann Francke.
H'
UGUST HER-
MANN FRAN-
CKE not only con-
cerned himself with the
evangelization or reli-
gious condition of Ger-
many, but of America
and the East Indies as
well. This is attested
by the voluminous cor-
respondence with Cot-
ton Mather in New
England ; Falckner in
Pennsylvania ; Schäf-
er in Virginia ; Bart-
let in Rhode Island, and many others in various places,
much of which is still preserved in the archives of the
Glaucha Institution.
Accordingly, when Daniel Falckner arrived in Halle,
he was cordially received by the elder Francke, and in-
stalled at the newly opened orphanage at Glaucha, then a
39
40 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
suburb of Halle. The emissary from Pennsylvania was
requested to render an account of his stewardship, the re-
sults obtained by the Pietistical community on the Wissa-
hickon, and finally as before stated to give accurate infor-
mation of the affairs, both civil and religious, in far-off
Pennsylvania, with special reference to such as might be-
come inclined to transport themselves hither.
For this purpose Francke presented the questions in
writing to Falckner which were intended to cover the
whole field. These interrogations and the answers by
Daniel Falckner cover no less than one hundred and
ninety-seven folio pages.
It is these documents, to which attention is now called,
together with the printed version, which proved so impor-
tant a factor in guiding the great stream of German emi-
gration to Penn's province on the Delaware.
Daniel Falckner, although one of the prominent charac-
ters during the second decade of Germantown's existence,
little was known of his career to students and historians
in this country, as a scholar, pietist, landagent, bailiff,
attorney and pastor, until some ten or twelve years ago,
when the present Governor of Pennsylvania was compiling
the work known as The Pennsylvania Colonial cases.
Wherein for the first time appeared in print Pastorius'
biased account of his difficulties with John Henry Sprögel
and incidentally with Daniel Falckner, thus bringing this
Daniel Falckner, 41
learned pioneer and pietist into public notice after a lapse
of two centuries. Unfortunately in this as in other manu-
scripts, Pastorius places his successor in office as bailiff
and attorney for the Frankfort Land Company in anything
but a favorable light. Pastorius, himself says that this
was written in 1713 while he was confined to his bed
with a serious illness. It will be noted that this account
{exem^lwn sine exemplo) was written from five to six years
after Daniel Falckner had left the province and taken
charge of several German Evangelical Lutheran Congre-
gations on the Mühlstein and Raritan, in East New Jersey.
Then again as this manuscript, which Pastorius evidently
intended to print, was never made public by him as he
may have been deterred by the fear of legal prosecu-
tion ; the accused party had no means of making any
defense against the secret defamation. Thus the matter
remained hidden during all this lapse of years, and when
finally brought to light in Pennypacker's Colonial cases, it
pictured this German pietist and scholar, before the legal
world, in anything but a favorable light, *' as such a
spendthrift and ever-drunk, ever-dry, that he made bone
fires of the companies flax in the open street at German
town, giving a bit of silver money to one lad for lighting
his tobacco pipe, and a piece of eight to another for show-
ing him a house in Philadelphia, which in his sober fits he
knew as well as his own."
Under this dark cloud the memory of Daniel Falckner
was obscured until the writer in gathering material for the
publication of his German Pietists and investigating the
story of the German mystics, who settled on the banks of
the romantic Wissahickon in the year 1694, found material
which threw an entirely different light upon the life and
character of Daniel Falckner, the writer of the Curieuse
42 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Nachricht von Penfisylvanien, a work which proved one
of the most effective means to induce German emigration
to Pennsylvania.
Further a careful perusal of the preface of Falckner's
answers to Francke's interrogations as found among the
manuscripts in the archives at Halle, and now for the first
time reproduced and translated, will give the best insight
into Daniel Falckner's moral and religious bent, while
his answers to both manuscript and printed versions will
show the careful student, observer and scientist.
In fact, all of the documentary evidence we now have
of this early pioneer goes to refute the slanders heaped
upon him by the so-called founder of Germantown.
Another point in favor of our claim for this German
pietist is that notwithstanding the slanders and defamations
heaped upon him by Pastorius, a large tract of land some
distance above Germantown, peopled by German settlers,
was at that very period named after this same defamed
pioneer, and more than that, the church within this tract,
of which he undoubtedly was the founder, the oldest Ger-
man Lutheran congregation in America, even down to the
present day, after the lapse of two hundred years is known
as the Falckner Swamp Ev. Lutheran Church, a far greater
monument to his honor and worth than any granite shaft
or brazen tablet.
In bringing this matter again before the public after the
lapse of two centuries, the following course has been
decided upon. As there is some difference between the
original manuscript and the printed version, both versions
will be used in the present edition. The published version
of 1702 will be printed in heavy German type, any varia-
tions or omissions from the original manuscript being in-
serted in brackets and printed in Roman type. The Ger-
Conclusion. 43
man version will appear upon the left hand pages, with my
translation opposite, so far as possible upon corresponding
lines. Variations as to numerical arrangement between
manuscript and printed version are carefully noted, the
whole being amplified by explanatory notes by the trans-
lator.
Thus the student, historian and investigator of the
future can judge impartially and satisfy himself of both
meaning and intent of the pious emissary who compiled
this inforrnation, as well as the correctness of the trans-
lation now presented, which in every case adheres to the
original manuscript in preference to the printed version,
with the chief aim in view of reproducing as nearly as pos-
sible the meaning, phraseology and idiom of the original.
It is a matter of congratulation that this reprint is issued
under the auspices of the Pennsylvania-German Society,
an organization composed exclusively of descendants of
the early German emigrants who came to Pennsylvania
during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Many
of whose ancestors were led by this very book to forsake
the Fatherland with its tyrannies and oppression, and come
to the sylvan groves of Penn's Province, build up their
homes and erect the altars of their faith and enjoy the per-
sonal and religious liberty of the great Quaker experi-
ment, and at the same time become powerful factors in
the formation of the grand old Commonwealth of Penn-
sylvania.
(^^d^^A
^2^^k^_^
Philadelphia, October 6, 1903, being the two
hundred and twentieth anniversary of
the landing of the Crefeldt pioneers.
44
Curieufe M(i§ti§t
Von
PENSYLVANfA
(fl
VOeicbe /
9luf Sege^rcn guter Srcun^e/
ßcii / bct) faiicr SIbretß auö Seuif^
!^in^ naci) obtgem ganDe Anno 170a
ertljeilet/unbmin Anno i702int)cn2)rucf
t>on
Spaniel ^alfncrn/Profcflbrc^
bürgern mi> ^ümm allDa.
45
The Seventy-three Original Qjjestions, together
WITH THE Twenty-two Additional Ones, Pro-
pounded BY Rev. August Hermann Francke to
Daniel Falckner Upon His Return from Pennsyl-
vania TO Germany in the Year 1699 — as they
Appear in the Halle Manuscript.^
(i) I. SBic öic ^cifc no^ 5(mcnctt on^nfteffen ?
(2) II. 29ßic man fi(i^ auf öcr 9lci|c p tjcr^altcn?
(3) III. SSic won fill bic 9lcifc rcii^t ju nu^ ju wo^en ?
(4) IV. äöic itttttt in fliccie auf öer Üti)t jti^ ju feinem
tJor|abenlien gtoetf in 5(weriett xti^iprcBpa-
riren fönne?
(5) V. saSofiir wan fid^ ouf öer ^eife ju pten ?
(6) VI. saSo^ ttttf iiem 8il^iffe tiieöcn nTOßang wit öen
®ii^iffieuten in Vi^i 3U ne|men ?
(7) VII. SBtt^toeQen öer Spiffs oöer ®ee;^rttn!|eit in
a^t 3U neunten ?
(8) VIII. SBie junge ^tvXt, bie einwol^t iJo^in foffen ju
kton^tem 3^(1^^ iiuf aUe SBeife tia3u ju
■p7'oe-pariren \t\ß ?
(9) IX. SBag 6e^ Her $(nfunft in ^ennf^ltinnia ober
S^irginien ju ohserviren ?
^ The bracketed numerals refer to corresponding' questions in the printed
version.
46
The Seventy-three Original Questions, together
WITH THE Twenty-two Additional Ones, Pro-
pounded BY Rev. August Hermann Francke to
Daniel Falckner Upon His Return from Pennsyl-
vania TO Germany in the Year 1699 — as they
Appear in the Halle Manuscript.^
(i) I. How to contrive for a voyage to America.
(2) II. How to conduct oneself upon the voyage.
(3) III. How one may rightly turn the voyage to
profit.
(4) IV. How one may rightly prepare himself dur-
ing the voyage for his intended purpose
in America.
(5) v. What one has to beware of on the voyage.
(6) VI. What one has to be mindful of in his inter-
course with the sailors and crew.
(7) VII. What is to be observed concerning ship or
seasickness.
(8) VIII. How young persons, who intend going there
for any specific purpose, are to be prop-
erly prepared.
(9) IX. What is to be observed upon the arrival in
Pennsylvania or Virginia.
^ The bracketed numerals refer to corresponding questions in the printed
version.
47
48 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
(10) X. SBie man ftii| fürftii^tig unt) unanftö^ig gegen
äie ntand^erte^ 8eeten tiort tier^atten folle ?
(11) XI. Wit man ^i^ iiort am kjiten einrid^ten liinne
Vxx information, aur §att^s5(rbeit, jur
§au^^a(tung, :c.
(12) XII. 2So§iier@e)uni)^cittoegenbort3Uö35(?rz^/r<?«?
(13) XIII. SBic öic Suft öort 8ommerö nnii SIBintetÖ bes
f(^affen ?
(14) XIV. S5on iier fertiület iie§ Öaniicö.
(15) XV. 2[Ba8öag8cnöfür^rü(^tcnnti@etoö^8gicbet.
(16) XVI. SSie ^^ Öa bie @uro|itter, unb anf toie unters
fd^ieöene SSetfe jic fii^ ne^ren ?
(17) XVII. JBon öen JBßiföen, i^rcn nationen, 5(nja|(,
8^raii^en.
(18) XVIII. SBie mit i^nen umjuge^en ?
(19) XIX. 2Ba§ i^rc 2ugenöen nnö öajtcr fet)n?
(20) XX. SBie fie too^neu, nnö toie toeit Öie glitten tion
einoniier ?
(21) XXI. S3Bie fie fid^ ne^ren ?
(22) XXII. SBic fic öen 3^ag jubringen. Scanner, SBeiber
unö ^inber ?
(23) XXIII. SSie fie i^re ^inber erjiel^en ?
(24) XXIV. 23Sie fie ^^ ber^Ctjratl^en, quibus ceremoniis^
und ob fie polygami f
(25) XXV. Cb fie öa§ gute beto|nen, unb iia§ böfe beftras
fen, unö mie ?
(27) XXVI. S5on i^rem 9legimcnt, ^\ fie einen ober biet
Könige ? unb ob fie feinen anbcren ÜÄagis
ftrat? yxw^ ber ,tönig feine Ministros,
fonbern gan^ aKein regiere ?
(28) XXVII. SBorinnen '^xt ^önig bon onbern untcrfii^icben
fe^n, in ^(eibung, Sßo^nung, äufferü^er
atitorität tit ?
Falckner's '•'' Cur ieuse Nachricht ^ 49
(10) X. How to conduct oneself there circumspectly
and inoffensively toward the divers sects.
(11) XI. How best to establish oneself, and concern-
ing information about domestic affairs and
the household.
(12) XII. What is to be observed regarding one's
health.
(13) XIII. How the climate is constituted there in sum-
mer and winter.
(14) XIV. Regarding the fertility of the country.
(15) XV. Of the sorts of fruits and vegetables the
country produces.
(16) XVI. How the Europeans support themselves, and
the various ways in which they earn their
livelihood.
(17) XVII. Of the savages, their nations, numbers and
languages.
(18) XVIII. How to establish intercourse with them.
(19) XIX. What are their virtues and vices?
(20) XX. How they live, and what distance their
cabins are apart.
(21) XXI. How they support themselves.
(22) XXII. How men, women and children spend the
day.
(23) XXIII. How they rear their children.
(24) XXIV. How do they marry, with what ceremonies,
and whether they are polygamous.
(25) XXV. Do they reward the good and punish the
evil, and how?
(27) XXVI. Of their government. Have they one or
many kings ; have they any other mag-
istrates, and the king any ministers, or
do they rule absolutely alone?
50 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
(29) XXVIII. 23Sie öcncn SSiCöcn ciniöc fünfte uttb SBiffcns
fri^afft bc^jubrittöcn ?
(30) XXIX. SSic teilen CtÖia einige ^princi^ia generalia
religionis be^ ju bringen ?
(31) XXX. saSie man i|nett realiter iia§ rcil^tfil^tt|fenc
S^efen eineg G^|riften bor $(ugen fteUen
!önne, tia^ i^nen i)a3 iSif^t in tiie $(ugen
leuchte, unä einige Runden in i^rem @es
inüt|e ertoeifc ?
(32) XXXI. SBie man mc^ne iia§ bic SBilöcn in ^w^r/<:«;w
fommen yxv^^ stoar äie unterfi^iebenen ?;a-
tiones ?
(33) XXXII. SBie ben 2Bi(öcn öie Jentf^e ober ©nglilii^e
(©|jroii|e be^ jn bringen ?
(34) XXXIII. C)b ni(i|t bc^ il^ren Äinbern folii^eö angebe ?
(35) XXXIV. Ob nid^t fromme %t)x\\^t bort i^re ^inber
mit i^rcnnbTii^feit an fi(^ fjaltcn, nnb berge?
fta(t jur S^rai^e anleiten Üinnen.
(36) XXXV. Unb ob i^nen niii^t anf fotd^e SBeife gute^m/-
cipa timoris Bei be^ jtt bringen ; barottf
noii^ ferner nai!^ unb na$ guteg ju erbauen ?
(37) XXXVI. Ob niii^t auf biefe SBeife bur^ bie ^inber
au^ bie Ottern ju gewinnen ?
(38) XXXVII. 2Bie bie SSilben je^t i^ren cultum j^aften,
toa§ fie anbeten, ^^ unb toie fie o^ifern ?
(39) XXXVIII. Söie fie bor^in getebet, e^e bie ^uro^iaer ^ins
ein famen ?
(40) XXXIX. S3ßa§fienunbonben(luro)ittern?ongenommen?
(49) XL. Ob niii^t, toenn man fromme 8a(^toirfer l^ius
einfii^itfte, bie Salzquellen be^ ^^ilabels
^^ia mit großem S^ort^eit ju gebraud^en,
unb bur(^ foli^e bann "^^^ %Vi\t bort beförs
bert merben fönte ?
Falckner's ' ' Ciirieuse Nachricht. " 51
(28) XXVII. Wherein the king differs from the others in
dress, habitation, outward authority, etc.
(29) XXVIII. How to introduce some of the arts and sci-
ences among the savages.
(30) XXIX. How to introduce among them some of the
general principles of religion.
(31) XXX. How one could properly place before them
the true righteous nature of a Christian,
so that the light would shine into their
eyes, and divers sparks awaken their
nature.
(32) XXXI. How it is supposed that the savages came to
America, and in particular the different
nations.
(33) XXXII. How to introduce the German or English
tongue among the savages.
(34) XXXIII. Would such be possible with their children?
(35) xxxiv. Whether devout Germans there could not
by friendliness attach their children unto
them, and in such manner induce them
to learn the language.
(36) XXXV. Whether in this manner good frincipia
timoris Dei might not be impressed upon
them, whereupon to gradually build good
results.
(37) xxxvi. Could we not in this manner reach the elders
through the children?
(38) xxxvii. How the savages now keep their cult, what
they worship, and as to their sacrificial
rite.
(39) xxxviii. How they lived prior to the advent of the
Europeans.
(40) xxxix. What they have adopted from the Euro-
peans.
52 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
(50) xLi. ®o ou^ mit fromme ©crgsßeuten ?
(51) XLii. %\Xit geographische oefj^rcibung ÖOtt P<?«-
sylvania, Virginia ttttÖ ttttÖcr tta^C gcUs
gen Säittiern unb «^njuln.
(52) XLiii. SBic CO mit Öer Correspondence in Ameri-
cam uttö toicbcr l^crou§ ju l^altcn ?
(53) xLiv. C6 nid^t ttllcrl^onö ^onbtocrrfcr irinncn Ions
ncn fortfommen otier mediae fürne^mliil ?
(54) xLv. SBic vxm, gute criouUr^c S^rifften ? lincin
3U bringen in TeiUscher^ Englischer,
Schwedischer, Frantzösischer S^tn^e,
bit nationes fo in Pensylvania, Virginia,
neu- Engelland fet)n, bttiinr^ iftofftig JU
erbauen ?
(55) XLVi. SBie mon %tx\t re^t philadelphischen @ei5
fteS öon Schweden, Engelländern, Deut-
schen unii bon allen religionen, fo borinnen
ftn)) ju füllten, die jur f^ortierung tieg
2!Bertfe8 öcö §enn einander öie ^anö rei|t
bieten fönten?
2Bie art öie Sßitöen toerben?
xLviii. Cb i|re SSeiber einanber in ber ©eburt^ bet)s
fte^en?
SBie fie eg mit '^t'^ gan^ fteinen ^inbern
polten ?
SöaMtttf^^üffebafe^n?
Saßie fie gebrandet toerben ?
SBie fie i^re ^i)(|ere^en Rotten ?
Hub i^re Sogf« ?
SBa3 für Spiere ba fe^en, git^meunb SBitbe?
SBagfür S.?öger?
ä&ie man fii| gegen bie Sparen unb anbere
milbe X|iere bema^re ?
(56)
XLVII.
(57)
XLVIII.
(58)
XLIX.
(59)
L.
(60)
LI.
(61)
LH.
(62)
LIII.
(63)
LIV.
(64)
LV.
(65)
LVI.
Falckner's '■'■Curieuse Nachricht.^'' 53
(49) XL. If pious salt workers were sent over to de-
velop the saline springs near Philadel-
phia, could they not be used with great
profit, and through them further that
which is good?
(50) XLi. How about pious miners?
(51) XLii. A geographical description of [Pennsylva-
nia and adjacent countries and islands.
(52) xLiii. How about correspondence with America,
and from thence outward?
(53) XLiv. Whether all kinds of artisans cannot find
subsistence there, and which in particular.
(54) XLV. How to introduce good devout literature in
the English and French languages for an
energetic edification of such nationalities
as have settled in Pennsylvania, Virginia
and New England.
(55) XLVi. How to seek out persons imbued with a true
Philadelphian spirit from among the
Swedes, English and all religious per-
suasions who are there, and would be
willing to extend their hands to one an-
other in the furtherance of the word of
the Lord.
XLVii. To what age do the savages attain?
Do the women assist each other during par-
turition ?
How do they care for their infants?
What rivers are there?
How are they utilized?
How is fishing followed?
Concerning their hunting.
What kinds of animals are there, both do-
mestic and wild?
(56)
XLVII.
(57)
XLVIII.
(58)
XLIX.
(59)
L.
(60)
LI.
(61)
LII.
(62)
LIII.
(63)
LIV.
54 1^^^^ Pennsylvania- German Society.
{66) Lvii. aSomit tilt 2BUbctt hi^tvo fonöcrlii^ tjoii ttn
f(!§ntttmcr gemarkt tticröctt ?
LViii. SBic )0(l^ 5(cröCnii§ JU emendiren ?
(67) Lix. äßic man tauter nu^li(§c ^iinfitc unft SBiffcits
fi^offtcn in 5Cmcncom bringen fönne ? ^ic
^ofen, nnnü^en uni) unnöt^igen meg (affen.
(68) Lx. S3ßie bag Sanö 3U feinem reii^ten ©ekoud^ unö
9ltt^en 3U bringen ?
(69) Lxi. SBenn (i^rifKif^e Scute l^inein tootten, öic grobe
ttuffertiii^e 5(rbeit nii^t ücrriii^ten (önnen,
ioie man fie ju gebraui^en mijfe una liiie fie
fi^ nähren lönnen, ob iiuri^ information
otier noil^ auf antiere SBeife ?
(70) Lxii. SBenn neue Colonien |inein fommen, ob fie
fi^ ju öen ttlten fii^togen muffen, oöer ob fie
fetb^ eine neue Stabt anrii^tcn fönnen ?
(71) Lxiii. gßaS für ä5orf(i^(öge ju einer foIi|en neuen
Colonie p \\m fe^U ?
(72) Lxiv. SSie in specie eg bamit einjuriri^ten, iia§ bie
9lo^!ommen fiii^ einer guten Orönung in
otten Stürfen möri^ten ju erfreuen ^aben?
(73) Lxv. ^n toaS für Orbnung bie S^igen Colonien
ftei^en, toie fie bom Magistrat regiert toers
ben, mie "^tvx böfen geme^ret, mie baS gnte
beförbert toirb ?
(74) Lxvi. 2ßag man gute§ unb re^tf(i^affene§ barunter
finbe?
(75) Lxvii. 2Bie '\!\t ©tabte in gjenf^tbonia alle ^ei^en,
tiiie toeit fie hon einonber gelegen, mie fie
gelegen, on too§ bor ^(üffen, toaä fie für
@cmö(i^(i(^(cit ^aben, toie biet Käufer unb
ßintoojner? Ob in einer jjeben Stabt
Falckner's '■'■ Cur ieuse Nachricht.''^ 55
(64) Lv. What kinds of birds are there?
(65) Lvi. How to protect oneself against bears and
other wild beasts.
(66) Lvii. Whereby the savages have thus far been
irritated by the Europeans, and are partly
made still worse.
Lviii. How such irritation may be amended.
(67) Lix. How to introduce purely advantageous arts
and sciences into America, and eliminate
the evil and useless ones.
(68) Lx. How to develop the country and bring about
its proper uses and advantages.
(69) Lxi. If Christian people want to come in, who
could not perform the ordinary rough
work, how could they be made useful,
and sustain themselves? If through in-
formation or otherwise.
(70) Lxii. When new colonies come over, must they
join one of the older ones, or must they
build a new town for themselves?
(71) LXiii. What suggestions are to be made to such a
new colony?
(72) Lxiv. How in particular to make arrangements, so
that those who follow may enjoy good
order in every way.
(73) Lxv. Under what regulations do the present colo-
nies stand, and how are they governed
by the magistrates? How is evil com-
bated, and the good encouraged?
(74) Lxvi. What is to be found amongst them, that is
good and righteous?
(75) Lxvii. How are all the towns in Pennsylvania
named, and how far are they apart, upon
56
The Pennsylvania- Ger7na7i Society.
(76)
LXVIII.
(77)
LXIX.
(78)
LXX.
(79)
LXXI.
(80)
(81)
unterft^ictiltli^e Sccten oöcr reUgionen^
oöet in ciniftcr nut cine ?
liBo^in unH anf tt)a§ Sßetfe, unti momit lier
§ttnöel in $pcn)t)(t)Ottio öctticbcn toirö ?
^uf mag SBcife man fii^ beffen p einem S^ors
t^eit in drtoeiterunö beö Oleir^eg ©otteg
Bciiienen fiinne ?
Uuö toenn öalJur^ öem ^ci^e ©otteS einiger
Si^aben gefii^ie^et ob ni(^t fo(i^em auf
einige 21öeife ju beöegnen ?
SB08 lion particulier Historien belaUUt ift,
fo ft(| mit iien SBiltien gu getragen.
^^eggteir^en Historien unter Öcnen nationen
felbft fo in Americam fommeu, fo einige
gute Erinnerung oticr 9laii^ri(^t tife^^ an liie
^anö geben fönte ?
Lxxii. SlBag iJon km ^uftanöe anderer Sönber okr
Jnsulen in America befaut ift, infri^nis
quoad stattim religionis Christiance ?
2ßie in Pennsylvania mit einigem 6a|iital
ein Proßt ju maiden ?
' This question is lxxii in the original list of questions. No reply, how-
ever, appears to have been made to it, as the next question (80) appears as
LXXII.
Falchner's ^^Curieuse JVachricht." 57
what rivers and their conveniences, the
number of houses and inhabitants, and if
in every town there are divers sects and
reHgions, or only one?
(76) Lxviii. The commerce of Pennsylvania, whereto, in
what manner, and wherein does it consist?
(77) Lxix. In what manner could this be made to serve
to the advantage and extension of the
kingdom of God?
(78) Lxx. Should anything arise thereby prejudicial
to the kingdom of God, could it not be
overcome in some manner?
(79) Lxxi. What particular histories are known con-
cerning the savages?
Lxxii. Likewise traditions current among the set-
tlers themselves who have come to Amer-
ica, which would give some good remin-
iscences or accounts thereof.
(80) Lxxiii. What is known about the condition of the
other countries and islands in America :
hnprimis quoad statum religionis Chris-
ti an <^ ?
(81) Lxxiv. How to make profit with capital in Penn-
sylvania.
(82)
LXXIII.
(83)
LXXIV.
(84)
LXXV.
fSO
LXXVI.
ADDITAMENTUM Qy^STIONUM.
SBortttt in 5(mcnctt SÄattßcI fct) ?
S^d^er man ein {eliel not^mentiigeS ^ing hts
fommen fan ?
aaßal öic ^uroliöcr au§ ©nöcHonö unti ^oHanö
Hon titv^Uia^tn fingen tiorne^mlii^ mit 3U
nehmen l^aben ?
SSaö man fonöcrUd^ nnö ^offanö oöcr Engels
lonli jnr 8eibc8 nnö ©cfunb^cit gjfleftc mit
p Sil^iffe 3u nehmen l^abe?
(86) Lxxvii. !öe^ tocm man fi^ k^ feiner 5Cnfunft in 5(mes
rico om erjten 3u meliien l^obe?
(87) Lxxviii. Ob anii^ einem ^nxopätx fre^ ftei^e, mit feinem
in $(metica erworbenen @ute toielier nai^
feinem S3etieben gurütf ju fe^ren ?
(88) Lxxix. 5(n tooä für ^anötoerfStettten e8 üafelbft am
meiften fe^te ?
(89) Lxxx. SSie e8 öie SSilöen be^ öem löeßröbni^ i^rer
lobten galten?
(90) Lxxxi. Cb ber ^iöft^mur be^ i^nen Srau^Iid^, toie
fotii^eS gef(^e^e mti be^ toem fte fi^miiren ?
(91) Lxxxii. Cb öie SBilöen öen fiebenöen Sag ^eiligen
unö mie fie folj^en feiern ?
(92) Lxxxiii. Ob bei ben 2aßi(iicn nir^t einiget S^ertangen
noil^ bem maleren ©rlänntni^ Ootteä ju fins
ben Uienn diejenigen fo i|re 8|irai^e bers
fielen, mit i^ncn rcben ?
(93) Lxxxiv. SBaä bie SBi(ben bon ber ^(uferftel^nng ber
Xobten ]^a(ten unb glauben ?
58
ADDITAMENTUM QJJ^STIONUM.
(82) Lxxiii. Whereof is there a deficiency in America?
(83) Lxxiv. Where are all necessary things to be ob-
tained?
(84) Lxxv. What the Europeans have chiefly to bring
with them from England and Holland.
(85) Lxxvi. What should be taken on shipboard from
Holland for the special benefit of the body
and health.
(86) Lxxvii. To whom must one report firstly upon his
arrival in America?
(87) Lxxviii. Is a European at liberty to return at his
pleasure, with such property as he has
acquired in America?
(88) Lxxix. What manner of handicraftsmen are mostly
wanting?
(89) Lxxx. How do the savages act at the burial of
their dead?
(90) Lxxxi. Is an oath customary amongst them, and
how is it administered, and by whom ?
(91) Lxxxii. Whether the savages sanctify the seventh
day, and how they observe it.
(92) Lxxxiii. Whether there is evident among the sav-
ages some longing after a true knowl-
edge of God, when such as speak their
language talk with them.
(93) Lxxxiv. What the savages hold and believe of a
resurrection of the dead.
59
6o
The Pennsylvania- German Society.
(94) LXXXIV.
(95) LXXXVI.
(96) LXXXVII.
(97) LXXXVIII.
(98) LXXXIX.
(99)
(100)
(lOl)
(102)
(103)
XC.
XCI.
XCII.
XCIII.
XCIV.
2Btt8 öie toitJicn Scute fiir^ctoc^r fiil^rcn?
C6 ttiii^t einige Philosofhi ober gelehrte
SttViXt unter ben Sßitiicn, toorinn fie firi^
üben unb 06 fie auii^ ben iSauf beg ^imme(3
oöferbiren ?
Cb bie Sl^ilben aui^ einige aufferorbent(iii|e
^eiri^en oftfcrbiren unb erfennen ?
Ob nid^t unter i|nen auii^ einige 7notus ober
SBetoegungen p f^iiiren ?
Cb nii^t unter benen ^ttXtXi auii^ einige unges
inä^nti^e beUiegungen unb borbat|en ber
^eranno^enben ©eriil^te ©otteg ju f|iüren ?
Wit fi(^ bie fogenannten @eiftlii!^en unter ben
mun^erle^ 8eeten in Slmerieo uupl^ren
unb fotuoi^l unter ftii^ felbjt, alS gegen anbere
comfortiren ?
SBttg bor Hoffnung \t% bu^ bie mon^erre^
8eeten in einö jufammen treten utör^ten ?
^uri^ toftg für mittet man 'r^xt SBilbcn om
meiften on fn^ jie^e ober tooburi^ fie out
nteiften abgetoenbet tterben.
2Bo§ bie äBitben für 9la^men führen ?
2Benn fie i^ren tinbcru 9lo$mcn geben?
Falckner's '•'■Curieuse Nachricht. ^^
6i
(94) Lxxxv. What sort of arms the savages carry?
(95) Lxxxvi. Whether there be not some philosophers or
learned men amongst the savages ; what
they practice and whether they observe
the course of the heavens ?
(96) Lxxxvii. Do the savages also observe any extraordi-
nary phenomena and understand them?
(97)lxxxviii. Do not some among them perceive any
'tnoius or agitation?
(98) Lxxxix. If there be not some unusual manifestation
perceived among the sects of the har-
binger of the approaching millennium?
(99) xc. How the so-called ecclesiastics among the
manifold sects in America conduct them-
selves toward each other, and how they
comport themselves toward others.
(100) xci. What hope is there that the divers sects
may come together as one?
(lOi) xcii. By what means can the savages best be
drawn toward us, and whereby are they
mostly repelled?
(102) xciii. What manner of names the savages have?
(103) xciv. When do they name their children?
62 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Nine Questions in the printed Version which do
NOT appear in the ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPT PRESERVED
in the Halle Archives.
(25) %m ^%x SBi(ben i^re S^rad^e unb umBgang ?
(41) %m üen SBilDen \\xtvi @uren un)i ^xmh
Reiten?
(42) 2ßoS öic SBilüctt für Ärtcß führen?
(43) ^on lier SBillien i^rer eigcntU^en ^aui^s
galten?
(44) Son Her S3ßi(bcn i^rem ^ou8rttt|c.
(45) SJon iicnctt X^ieren, fo in Pensylvania ju
Iiefinlicn.
(46) 2aSa§ gut c8 öttiitt für SBuffer 2|ierc ?
(47) SlBag gidt eS Hann für Si^ädUi^e S^ier im
Söttffer?
(48) S9i$a§ ^(^et man bann auf tienen SBaffers
pifen für %^\t,xt f^toimmen ?
[From Halle Manuscript.]
29ßic in Pennsylvania mit einigem G^a^tot ein Pr^/ 3tt
ma^en ?
S^fta licrjenigen SSol^ren, fo in Pensylvanien angenehm finii.
9la^ ^. i^alifner feinem !3e|att aufgejeii^net.
Falckner^s ^'■Curieuse Nachricht'^ 63
Nine Questions in the printed Version which do
not appear in the original manuscript preserved
IN THE Halle Archives.
(25) Of the savages their speech and inter-
course.
(41) Concerning the diseases and cures of
the savages.
(42) The warfare of the savages.
(43) Of the domestic life of the savages.
(44) Of the savage's household utensils.
(45) Of the animals to be found in Pennsyl-
vania.
(46) What kind of aquatic animals are there?
(47) What kind of dangerous animals are in
the waters there?
(48) What animals are to be seen swimming
upon the water courses?
[From Halle Manuscript.]
How to make profit with capital in Pennsylvania.
List of articles, which in the opinion of Herr Falckner
would prove acceptable in Pennsylvania.
PR/EMONITIO.
[Preface to the Original Manuscript in the
Archive at Halle.]
^tt^ t^ bicfe ^^tttöctt ni^t sufficient Bcontttiottett fan, tfit btc
;3cit, öic SJlcngc meiner S^erriil^tttnöen unö öie Unßctoo^n^cit
|i^ in äufferen auf |o tttan^crle^ %xi ttuö^ukeiten fd^ulö, öatju
fommt, iia§ i^ mt(^ äer Un^äp(^feit metneg !Sei6e§ falber aller
^inge mit eing fo nii!^t erinnern !an, tneti^e iii^ "^^^ einzeln l^in
nnö toickr ougßefoget. Einige Salinen jinti, öarumb i(i^ m^
öiefelbcn accurat ju ttiiffen, anii^ in 5(merictt nii^t kfümmert,
begtocßcn ir^ öiefctben 6i^ anf toeiteren Söe|i!^eiii tierf^aren vxxi^
neun i(^ tuolltc ni^t gerne ettoag nngemiffeS fdjreiben. ^^'^i^U
\iS]t\\ uiirö fif^ ^liemanö m meiner 8(^reikrt leieren, toe((!§e
5///0 5£'<:?J/ exfcrs ift ; fonöem ttu§ bielen öaSjenige crtoel^(en,
mag il)m anjtel^et, gnug tia^ iii^ in allen unti betj allen ben geneigs
ten !Sefer Uerftdjern !an, tia§ i(^ mei^ an men id) glaube unti auc^
getoife Ww., öa^ öcrfetbige §^rr mir meine SBeifagc betoafjren fan,
ja \M, bi^ an jenen 2age ; beStoegen i^ au^ gro§e ^yreuöigfeit
gcbraui^e, ben 2oöt unb aEen JBerberben trol^ ju biet^en, meit
i(!^ gerne fo Üi^ne auf öen l^M meines §ei(§ fein motte, a(§
immer ein SIKenfd) auf feine unübcrmintilirfje »^eftung. @8 ift
mir (j^otttob gelungen, uuii ii^ fefie ba^ e3 anderen au(| gelinget,
(64)
PR/EMONITIO.
[Preface to the Original Manuscript in the
Archive at Halle.]
The reasons why I cannot answer these questions satis-
factorily, is because of a lack of time, and the number of
my engagements, together with being unaccustomed to
express myself publicly upon so many subjects. And on
account of my physical infirmities I fail to remember some
of the things of which I have now and then spoken upon
other occasions. Then there are some things concerning
which I have not troubled myself to learn about in America.
These I must hold in reserve until I shall have further
information, as I do not wish willingly to write about any-
thing that I am not quite sure of. In the meantime let no
one find fault with the style of my composition which is
stilo seciili exfers. but let him select from the abundance
thereof that which pleases him. It is enough, that I can
assure the kindly disposed reader, that in all and by all, I
know in whom I have believed, and am persuaded, that the
same Lord can secure myj consummation, yea will, even
unto that day : for which reason I also take great pleasure
in hurling defiance at death and all corruption. In as
much as I would place myself as boldly upon the rock of
(65)
66 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
ötc einerlei l^offn«itg mit mir fmö. ^affclttja^. lyctnct toic \^
in einfäitiget Hebe ju meinen ä>atet(anä unti befanten tiurd^
(^üit^ toiHen mieäergefe^ret Mn, a(3 ^ak ii^ au(^ be)| meiner
9lei)e H^^ero nii^t§ aniiereS beobad^tet, alö öog öer Seib (i^rifti
erbauet mertien mögte. ^i| Ijabe jum menigften tiie i^iebe jum
i^rieöen gerntl^en, toaS f^toa^ i|t gcftärfet, öie SÄüöen ermuns
tert, tien ä>or)oil^ gejtrafet^ unti mt$ mit iienen in Hoffnung
(ebenöen gefreuet, unö ge|c nun gejttirtfet, mietoop öer jinnüi^en
^m|ifini)ung nut^ foft miiöe, mieöer l^in, ob (^f^ii ttiiK Ger^naniam
in $(meriea ju fe^en unä mi^ tiafelbft ju bejeugeu, mie eg mein
^önig öer Könige tion mir erfordert, imrju \^ m^ öem ©ebe^t
unö öer Siebe aller toa^ren gliciier beS öeibeö ^efu em)ifol^Icn
l^aben mid. %^ ^roteftire aber l^iermit no^ ma|B ^riftliii^,
gtei^ Uiie \^ öaffetbe nad^ erforiierter Gelegenheit mün))Uii^
getrau, öa^ ir^ nijl^t intendiret, jemoni) önrt^ mein !ommen ober
öjeggel^en ober ^eöen 3ur Jßcrfu^ung ober ©ef^iuerung ju fet)n,
bietmeniger jjemanben ^inauS in bie Stuften ju führen. %% ge^e
ein jegü^er ju ^|rifto, öeffen öie gon^e ^röe ijt unb i§re iyüffe
unb lerne bon ^^m, ma§ er t^un follfe, fo fon er auii^ bo§ (irbs
rei^ befti^en. 2)o^ l^abe iii^ '^tm lieben ^eutfi^tanb i^iu m^
mieber ettnag alteg aufS neue gefaget unb fage e§ alten mit
!Sut:^eri SBorten noii^ einmal^I, meti^e ju ftnben in ber ä^erma^us
ung an bic Stabte in 2^eutfii^(anb ; Sieben ^eutfii^en — bag'föTt
ii^r toiffen, ©otteö SSort unb ©nabc ifi ein ^al^renber ^lal^regen,
ber niil^t mieber fommt, mo er einmal^t gemefen, er ijt be^ ben
^uben gemefen, aber !^in ijt l^in, fie l^aben nun ni(^t§, ^autug
braii^te i^n in Mei^entanb, aber !^in ijt m^ l^in, fie ^aben nun
'^tn $pabft VixC\i i^r 3^eutf(i^e bürft niii^t benfen, bo^ il^r i^n etoig
^aben merbet, benn ber unban! unb l^eraii^tung mirb x^ix tViiS^
ttii^t etoig (äffen bleiben, ^arumb greifft au unb l§a(tet, toer
Falckner^s ^^Curieuse JVachrtcht.** 67
my salvation, as ever a man stood upon an impregnable
fortress. Thank God ! I have succeeded, and that others
having the same hope will likewise succeed. Hallelujah.
Further as I in artless simplicity have by God's will
returned to my fatherland and acquaintances will say that
during my journey thus far, I have observed nought but
how the body of Christ is being built up. I have at least
always counselled in the interest of charity and Peace,
strengthened that which was weak, encouraged the weary,
corrected the froward and rejoiced with those living in
hope, and now I go quickened in spirit, though in a bodily
sense almost weary, to return, if it please God, to see again
Germanian in America, and testify there as my King of
Kings demands of me. For which I will have to commend
myself to the love and prayers of all true members of the
body of Christ. I, however, again offer here a Christian
protest, just as I have done verbally upon previous occa-
sions, that it is not intended, that I should prove a tempta-
tion or burden to any one, that my coming, going and what I
say should induce anyone to go out into the wilderness :
Let every one go unto Christ, to whom belongs the whole
earth, and the fullness thereof, and learn from Him, what to
do, then he too shall possess the earth. Yet I have here
and there told anew to dear old Germany, things that were
old, and now proclaim to all, once again in Luther's words,
which are to be found in his " Admonition to the cities of
Germany": Beloved Germans, this you ought to know,
that, God's word and grace is like unto a sudden driving
thunder storm, which does not again return to where it
once was. It was thus with the Jews, but what is gone is
gone and now they have nothing. Paul brought it into
Greece, but there what is gone is gone, and they now have
the Pope, and you Germans, must not think that you will
68 The Pennsylvania- Gertnati Society.
l^artcn fan, faule §önöe wuffctt ein böfcö So^t ^abcn, item über
ben 123 Jpfalm.
Se^t toiiö (^liiit^ 2Sort öer SBelt l^öufiö unti wit Stenge Ux--
ßetragen, won ^rebiget e§ in ben ^iti^cn, mon finbct eg in bencn
Siii^etn, man ^\t\^i^ ung, man fmgtg un§, mon ma|(et eg on
bie 2Bönbe, ober mog ßeff^ij^t, ber meifte 2^ei( o^tct eg ni^t,
nnb bie f^iirjten unb tönige berfotßen eg oufg iömmerlii^fte,
f(|etten unb bcrni^ten eg. Saficnti satis,
@g ^t bie ttofte feib ber Äeformotion immer ßetoö^ret, toie
btt^ bog ebongeUfd^e §öu|lcin in 5(n[e^un9 beg ^obgtt^umg unb
ber llaötöubißen ein fo menigeg bon bem ^rbboben inne ^ot ober
mag ijt bie ^^Xi\^\, ber ^oute faßt Solomon, ftirbet über '^txx
toünf(^cn, in^mifj^en ^ot bog gJobftt^nm §onb onßeteget, unb §ot
benfelben niemo^tg on 5(utoritot unb ^utfe i^rer £)beren, on
aOlitteln unb 9Wenfi!§en ßefe^fet, i^re te^re in oUer SBelt ougjus
breiten, oud^ unter bielen Srübfooten unb leiben ; Rotten fie nun
bie toutere Saßo^r^eit bor fiii^ fo more i^r @ifer reji^t ßöttliii^ ju
^ei^en, boii^ beff^ömcn fie ung in unferer |irotcftantif^ ebonßelis
fr^en ^iril^e, barinnen mir ßor nir^tg t^öten, mo mir ni(^t muffen.
C) mie fonft §aben unfere Ferren bi^ero ouf ben Stiften ßes
ru^et, bie bog Jpobftt^um meiftent^cilg bor fie ßeftiftet, unb bie
Seute, bie @ott be^ ber Oieformotion ^tii,t\zxi frü^jeitiß im
©^toei^tud^ berßrcben. ^o^cr mirb fie %^\i oud^ mieber bon
i^ren fotf(|en ^lul^esöoßern oufftreiben, jnmo^t ber SWenfii^en im
Itnßlonben biet ßemorben unb einonber truifen ob f^on ^rieße
unb ^toßen fri^t, mag eg fonn unb finbet, metii^eg ber feetiße
ßut^erug fri^on ßefür^tet, bo er unter onbcrn in ^ifd^reben fot.
598 foßt : „^^ fürii^te 3:eutf(^(anb fe^ berrot^en unb berfnuft,
eg mirb erfi^ö^ft bet)be bon ^etb unb beuten unb ßor ougßefoßen.
§i(ft ung O^ott ni(!^t fo finb toir berloren. @g fan fo niii^t bteis
ben, mie eg nun ift, unb bo^ eg bor bog erfte beffer merben foil,
Falckner's ''•Curieuse Nachricht, ^^ 69
have it forever,^ for your ingratitude and contempt will not
permit it to remain. Therefore grasp and hold whosoever
can, idle hands must have a bad year, likewise see Psalm
CXXIII.2
At the present time God's word is [frequently and
abundantly preached to the world, it is proclaimed in
the churches, it is found in books, it is piped to us ; it is
sung to us ; it is painted upon the walls. Yet what hap-
pens? The majority pay no heed to it, and the kings and
nobles persecute it most deplorably, revile and destroy it.
Sa^ienti satis.
Since the Reformation the complaint has steadily pre-
vailed, that the little envangelical flock possess so little of
this earth, in comparison with the Papacy and unbelievers.
Now what is the reason? The sluggard says Solomon,
dieth over his own wishes.' Meanwhile the Papacy has
fastened its hand, and the authority of the superiors, and
their assistance with men and means, is never wanting to
spread their doctrine throughout the world, even under the
greatest tribulations and suffering. Had they but the pure
truth before them, then their zeal might be called truly
godly. Yet they shame us in our Protestant Evangelical
churches, in so far that we do nought but what we are
forced to do. Oh ! how placid our clergy have thus far
rested in the beneficent institutions, which the Papacy had
mostly founded before them, and the treasures which God
gave them at the time of the Reformation were prematurely
buried in the napkin. Therefore the Lord will again
arouse them from their false resting place, more especially
as mankind has increased so greatly in infidelity and crowd
one another, although war and pestilence destroys what it
can find and reach. All of which the sainted Luther
already feared, when he said among other things in his
7© The Pennsylvania-German Society.
fc^e \^ ntd^t. ^cnn eg fommt ein an&et Gültig una eine andere
Seit bic toei^ Hon ^ofe^^ ni(^t§."
^arum toeröen noii| !^anictig SlnSfnge in öen legten Igeitcn
tiefe geläutert unö gereinigt toerben. ^ic ©otttofen after toer=
tien e3 nii^t allsten, ^ag künftige @tent) mirti biete ge|eu ^eifs
fen unö 3ur 9leife öa yxxi^ bort^in frcBpariren, bie fi^ eä border
niii^t eingebitbet. %^ möi^te mitnfii^en ju miffen, b)a§ biete bon
ben ^fät^ern gebadeten, bie atfo unberfel^eng bon i^rer ^^abe unb
jptaifir entriffen, an unferen 2^pren btt§ S5rot bettetn, bei) berer
5(ni(i^auung 2eutf(|tanb bie @üte au^ ^m ^rnft (Botte0 ertennen
wölkte. ^0^ eg l^ei^t : qualis rcx, talis grex, bie ^ürjten
ttoiten l^^i^ gerne iSanb |aben, unb fn^en äffe jtätifii^en Griffe
itnb prcetcnsioncn beg^atben l^ierfür, boii^ motten fie biefelben am
liebften, too gro§c ^^f^nöf« |i«ö^ ^^ ©itber unb Oolb ift, too
S^ro unb 8ibon auf großen Skiffen aug unb ein führet, '^a.}!^
unb toie aber ©otteg 2Bort taufen wöge, unb toie won ben §e^ben
ttu^ ©etegen^eit gebe, ben JHa|wen beg §errn 3U ertennen (toets
^cg ^Mn ein re(|t ^önigtirl^ äßerif ijt) befüwwert ji^ niemanb
baruw, ja (S^riftug fetbft wu^ fi^ in i^ren eigenen ©renken ja
nit^t ju breit wai^en, fo bteiben benn au(^ bie (Beweinen, bie i^r
gutg feineg 5tugtowwen fomt bew 5(nfel|en unb öufferti^eg renowe
iw (^riftcnt|uw i^aben, iw Sanbe, unb nel^rcn fi^, toie fie fogen
rebtii^ : too bteibt ber 5(rwe, toetri^er bon ber ®<i^inberei) errettet
toerben fott? ^oi^ ift ber §err beg 5(rwen ®i^ul^. ^aruwb
fürji|te it^ aberwap unb bef(|rcibe wit öutl^eri 21Borten, toag ein
wit unje^tigen SBol^tt^aten bon @ott begnabigteg bo(^ uubanis
ba^rcg ä>oI(f fi(§ enbtir^ p berfe^en ^t. „(^t'Wtnlti boi^ toie
biet öüter cu(^ euer CBott uwfonft gegeben unb no^ togtii^ giebt,
uewbt. 8eib unb 8eet, §au^ unb §of, SBeib unb ^inb, barju
toetttiii^en Jyriebcn, ^ienft unb üöraur^ atter G^reaturen iw §iW5
wet unb auf (<^rben über bag atteg au^ bag*@bangctiuw unb
Falckner's ^^Curteuse Nachricht."" 71
Tabletalk (folio 598) : "I fear that Germany is betrayed
and sold, it is being drained of both money and people and
indeed impoverished. Unless the Lord help us we are
lost. It cannot continue thus, as it is now, but I do not
perceive that it will better itself in the near future. For
there comes another King and another time, that knows
nought of Joseph." Therefore according unto Daniel's
testimony in these later times "Many shall be purified,
and made white and tried ; but none of the wicked shall
understand."^ The coming misery will cause many to go,
and prepare for a journey to this place and that, who have
not previously contemplated it. I would like to know
just what many of the Palatines think, who so unexpectedly
had their possessions and pleasures wrested from them,
and now beg for bread at our doors. By the contemplation
of which, Germany may comprehend the goodness as well
as the sternness of God. Though it is said ^lalis Rex —
talis grex (Like Lord, like herd). The princes seek to
gain more territory, and seek by all statistical tricks and
pretentions to acquire it. They have a preference for such
as have large fortifications, where silver and gold abound,
where great ships sail to and from Tyre and Sidon. But for
God's holy word and how to afford the heathen an oppor-
tunity to learn the name of the Lord (which alone is a
right royal work) no one has any concern — yea even the
Lord Jesus himself must not be too much in evidence
within their borders. Thus, there remain the congregations
of the land who enjoy their good competency together with
the respectability and outward reputation of Christianity,
and support themselves as they sa}^ honestly. But what
becomes of the poor who are to be saved from oppression?
However, of these the Lord is the protector. Therefore I
am again apprehensive and will set forth in Luther's words
*j2 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
^rciiigt;5(mbt, Xaufc unö Sacromcnt unii iJcn ßan^en <£c^a^
feineg 8o^neg unti feineS @etjte§ ni(^t aUein a^ne öein ^etiiienjt,
fonktit auii^ o^ne tieine Soften unli ä^ü^e, a6er l)u toiUlt ni(^t
citt 2tö))flcitt Panics cracigcn, fonöcrn ©ottcS 9ici^ «no Oct
®ce(ctt §ci( laffen untcröc|ett unt) ^clfcn jto^en. Softe @ott
l^icrü&cr niii^t jornig tocrkn, folic xd^i t|curc 3fit fommcn,
folt nldjt 5)>cfiti(ett(^, <©(!^toci§, ^ran^ojcn unb oniicrc pagcn un8
finkn, foltcn ntj^t bctbtcniictc Scute, toitic toüftc S^ranncn regies
ten, ffl(t Xi\iS]i ^rieg uxCi^ §oiiet entftcl^en, folt ni(!^t ein Jöfeä
Olcßiment in tcutfi^cn Soniicn toerbcn, fottcn nij|t Siirrfen unii
^artaten un§ |ilünbern ; .^a, e§ märe nii|t tounticr, tia^ @ott
fie^iic 2^ür unii ^t\\.^tx in iier §öffe nuftl^tttc unö Ue^e unter una
(outer teufet fi^^ncicn unö fj^Iorfcn unö tie^ toon §imme( regnen
Si^Uicfet uub pilifi^ (yeuer una Derfenftc ung aUefamt in ^Bgruni)
l)cr gölten mie Sotioma una Wontorra; ^enn l^ätte Solioma una
Wontorra fo tiicl gcfjabt fo tiict gel^ört oder gefe^cn, fie pniien
noi| heutigen ^age§. !^enn fie ftnti H^ jc^cntie ^ijcit niii^t fo
6öfe gemefcn al3 |e^o 3!eutf(^(anti ift.
^cnn fic |oöen ^^iit^ SiBort unö ^rciiig:5(mH ni^t gel^nBt
fo l^akn mir eg untbfonft unti fteUen m\^, a(3 bie iia nioUtcn, da^
bet)Dc ©Ott fein SBort, ttHe ;3tttfjt nuö @^re unterginge, ^mn
c8 fo foil in ^entfr^tonb gelten, fo ijt mirS Se^i, iio§ ir^ ein 2euts
fi^er gcbo^ren bin, olier j[e teutfi^ geredet oiier gef^rieBen l^abe,
unti too id) e§ für mein ©euiiffen tfjun fönte, motte i^ mielier
iJo^u ratten unJi (jctfen, bo^ iier ^obft mit äffen feinen (Greueln
toiciicr über unä fommen mü^te unö ärger trurfen, fii^anöen unö
teröerben, iienn je juijor gcfi^e^cn etc. in öcr ^reöigt toon öer
ÄinöcrsSd^ul. ^njuiifil^en bleibt bei) einem regten Bürger
Scrufatcm§ reifen unti p ^^nufe bleiben eine refotution mx'^ toirö
fi(^ niemand on km närrifd^cn *}lbra|Qm ärgern, tocr öicfeS tocrs
fielet, lio^ er nirgeniig bleiben fönte in öen langen öer grenli^en
Falchier's '■^Curieuse JVackricht." 73
what a people eventually have to perform, who having
received numberless blessings and pardon from God, and
are yet ungrateful. " Pray remember how many blessings
your Lord hath bestowed unto you for nought and still
gives you daily, namely : Your body and soul, your home
and grounds ; your wife and child ; together with the uni-
versal peace, the service and use of all creatures in the air
and upon the earth, but above all the Gospels and minis-
try, Baptism and the Lord's Supper, and all the treasures
of his Son and Spirit, not only without any merit on your
part, but even without cost or labor upon your part, yet you
will not render a modicum of thanks, but let God's realm
and your soul's salvation be wrecked and never help to
prosecute it. And ought not the Lord become angry with
you ? Ought not a time of dearth and famine to come unto
you, ought not pestilence, sweating sickness ^ the French
and other plagues overtake you? Ought not deluded men,
wild dissolute tyrants rule over us? Ought not war and
strife arise, should not an evil government come about in
the German States, and the Turks and Tartars plunder
us? Yea it were no wonder, if God were to open both
doors and the windows of Hell, and let loose among us
nothing but devils and rain upon us from heaven brimstone
and hell fire, and cast us all down into the very bottomless
pit of hell, as He did Sodom and Gomorra. For had
Sodom and Gomorra possessed, heard and seen as much,
they would be still standing at the present day. For they
were not one-tenth as wicked as Germany is at present,
they had neither God's Holy Word nor the ministry, we
have it gratuitously, but place ourselves, among such as
would, that the Lord, his word, discipline and honor perish.
If this is to be the rule in Germany, I shall regret that I
am born a German, or ever spoke or wi^ote German, and if
74 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
©(inö^ctt .Sftttcng. ^g tocrbc nun l^icr unii Jia in bcr SBelt,
tote eg ^ter unti iiort ijt, fo tairD eg ^ier i)o^ noi!^ [(glimmer fe^n,
toann eg öort ßctoorben i[t, tote e§ l^icr toar. ^ie 2Bc(t tröftet
fi^ jtuat unö i§re tinier, faßcnb ; £>, eö ijt offc 3ftt fo böfe
getoefen, eS toiar bor titefem an(| fo, akr bon Anfang toarS nid^t
otfo, unii toirö öcr jur au^erfteit ©eiiufii gctoartete ©anw eniüii^
öie 5{jt (c^Dcn muffen unii jtoar tion öcr tour^el auS. @8 öatf
mir ttiewanii naii^ Slmerictt folgert, öen tocr \&n\, toie lange i(i|
iia Mn, ba^ iii^ akr affiia 6in, toei^ i^ unti tite treue %liiK\^t
^irotJiJiena. llrftt«i|en Jmfiit, toel^e ju e^ren in 8oBe unii in
fyteutie mein Sßerrf fe^n toirb, fo lang i^ bort unb l^ier kn.
2Ba§ fflrtft no^ 3U erinnern more, toirb au§ einigen Sä^en bon
bcr ratione fcregrinandivx gegerttoörtiger '^txi ju erfei^eu fe^n,
beSttiegen ben ®e(e|rten unb ©etieblett Sefer ber 2reue @otteS
in ß^rifto unb '^txa SBorte feiner ©ebutt em^fe^e unb berMeibe
mittamlifenb, mitlcibenb unb mit^offenb an ^tv^ Seifte ^efu, ber
über bie gon^e ^rbe jerftreuet, erttiartet feine§ ^r^^irten unb
^onigg mit fe^ntiii^em S^ertangen.
Daniel ^atifner,
Siirger unb gJilgrim bon jpenf^tbonien
in 0lorbern 5(meriett.
Falckner's ^^Ctcrieuse Nachricht. ^^ 75
I could but do it conscientiously, I would advise and even
help that the Pope, with all his abominations, might again
be over us, and oppress, injure and corrupt us, worse than
ever before etc." (in his sermon of the Infant School).
Meanwhile a true citizen of Jerusalem will abide by his
resolution either to travel or to stay at home, and no one
familiar with the circumstances will blame foolish Abraham
for not wishing to stay at any one place in the horrible
days of Israel's blindness.
May it now come about here and there in the world, as
it is there and yonder, so it will be even worse here, when
it comes about yonder, as it was here. The world indeed
consoles itself and its children saying : Oh ! every age
has been as bad as the present, formerly it was even so.
But in the beginning it was not always so. And when
finally all patience with the tree has been exhausted the
axe must be applied to the very root. No one must follow
me to America, for who knows how long I shall remain
there, but when I am in that very place, it is known to me
and the providence of God. It shall be my task to serve
and honor the reason therefore with love and cheerfulness,
as long as I remain there. What otherwise remains to be
mentioned, may be gleaned from several paragraphs of
the 7'ationi ^eregrinandi ; of the present time. I therefore
patiently commend the learned and beloved reader, to the
faithful care of God in Christ and the word, and remain a
fellow warrior, fellow sufferer, and fellow expectant of the
body of Christ, which is scattered over the whole earth and
await the coming of my chief shepherd and King with
ardent longing.
Daniel Falckner,
Citizen and Pilgrim of Pennsylvania
in Northern America.
PR/EMONITIO,
[Preface to Printed Version.]
Ofl^^ettiapcn unter ticnen mir Horgelegien fragen einige Sadden
"^^ fini), öarunti lü^ miii^ öiefelbißen, accural ju iiiiffen, in
^meriea nii|t befitmmert, nut) tie^toegen iii^ biefelbige di^ auf
toeilercn ©efr^eib tier)>ai^rcn niu§.
®o mitt i(^ iio(^ für öicfcämal in cinfattiöcr 8ie6e ju meinem
S^attcrlttnbe, H§ mir ^uniJfba^re treu^er^ig offenbal^ren, tociJen
jumo^len i(§ I)c§^o(ben ju meinen guten f^reunöcn, iiur^ ©OtteS
Sßiffen, ou8 öem fernsentlegencn ßcnbe, ttu§ ber llrfa^e, toieöers
gefe^ret bin, umb fie öer groffen 2öo^(t|oten (^Oiit^ unö iie§
munberbaren 8egeng ju beridjten iier uff äiefeg neugebante Sana
in jeitlii^en unö ^immUf^en ©litem mit fo tjotter reij^er ^onö
gefi^üttct toirö, H ii^ öann fetbften be^ meiner i^ins unb ^er;9leife
nidjt§ anüerö beobodjtet, a(§ öo^ öer Seib ^^rifti erbauet toeriien
möffjte. 2\^ Ittbe (l^icr unö H) 5)ie fiiebe jum i^tieöen getragen,
öie Sr^toad^en geftartfet, öie 9}lütien ermuntert, iiie ^iirtoi^igen
geftraffet, unö mid^ mit öenen in Hoffnung ßebenöen erfreuet,
ttuti^ fttmH i^nen in öenen ©arbarifd^en ^etjönift^en ©rängen ein
ttnfri(^tige§ t(jötige8 (5:^riftentf)umb gefunden, toe((^e§ id^ meinen
guten ^rcunben öerfünbiget, unö ge^e nun toicöer öortpn, ob
©Ott to iff, Germaniam Fovam Dei amantem & colentem in
America ju fe^en, unö öafelbft mi^ alfo 3U bcjeugen, toic cS
(76)
PR^MONITIO.
[Preface to Printed Version.]
*^ f"*LTHOUGH among the questions presented unto
f^ * . me there are some things concerning which I
have not troubled myself to learn about in America. These
I must reserve until I shall have further information. I
will, however, for the present in artless simplicity to my
fatherland candidly reveal that which is known unto me,
as I have chiefly upon this account, by divine permission
returned unto my good friends, from the far distant land,
to acquaint them with the great beneficence of the Lord,
and the wonderous blessings of both temporal and divine
favors, which have been scattered, with so bountiful hand
over this newly settled land, as during my journey to and
fro, I have observed nought, but how the body of Christ
is being built up. I have at least always contended in
the interest of charity and peace, strengthened the weak
hearted, encouraged the weary, corrected the froward, and
rejoiced with those living in hope, also together I also
found within the barbaric heathenish boundries, a sincere
active Christianity which I proclaimed unto my good
friends, and now return if it please God, to see again
Gernianiani Novum Dei amantcfu and colenteni in
(77)
78 77/«? Pennsylvania-German Society.
mein Äönig licr Röntge boit mir crfotöcrt. ;3u toclii^ct tiorl^ttfietts
öen Olcifc \^ mid^ öem @c6cte, unb öcr 8ick offer toa^ren ©lies
tier öeS öeibeg S^f« em|ifo|(en Sofien toitt. Sii^ bin aber iittrbe^
ßttn^ tJerfi(i^ert, iia§ öer §^rr §^rr mir meine Serfage betonieren
fan unt) toiü \X\ m jenen groffen Sag, k^toegen ii| nuiie groffe
fyreu&igfeit gebrau(!|e dem S^oli und allem ä^erderben %x^% ju
bieten.
^ji^ protectire aber l^iermit jum jicrliiiefiten, da§ \^ nid^t in-
tentionirt jemanden durd^ mein Gammen und toieder^toeggel^en^
oder dnrdl mein Sobf^irej^en der fjfommigfeit und Stufriti^tigleit
der neuen G^^^riften in Pensylvania, in die SSujten ju führen,
nein, fondern e§ ge^e ein jeder p G^l^rifito ; deffen die gan^e @rde
ijt, und aU i^re ^yüHe, und (erne >&u, i^m toaS er \\m. foffe, toer
au8 diefem Jörunncn der SBeiPeit firl^ nir^t erleui^ten (äfft demc
ift toeder don mir nod^ don einigem ä^enfi^en uff der Sl^ett ju
l^elffen.
^ic heutige SBett, und i^re Selts^inder in unfcrm 2eutfd|2
lande (nai|deme fte dag Hebe ^^riftent^umb faft gar derlo^ren
und in eine ^euii^elc^ oder opus operatum dertoandelt l^aben)
tröften fid^ ^toar mit diefen Slßorten, flired^ende : £) e§ ift aUejeit
böfe getoefen, eg toar bor diefem auil^ fo. 9(ber mein lieber
!Sandgmann toeift du nid^t da^ die $(|t dem Saume f(^on an die
SBuraet geleget ift, und da^ der ©aum, der feine gute ^rmi^t
bringet, toird abgehauen und in dag ^^euer getoorffen toerden.
^orumb ift eg ^o|e gfit. öa§ man umbfe^re, toeit die @nadens
S^ür nod^ offen ftel^et.
@g darff mir niemand nai!^ America folgen, dann toer toei^,
toie lange iii^ da bin. ^a^ \^ aber nid^t ^ier, fondern lies
ber all dorten bin, toei^ id^ und die treue ©öttlid^e Provident
Krfttd^en darfür, toeld^en in Freuden ju eieren und ju loben
mein SBerdf fe^n toird, fo lang id^ lebe, und aud^ dort in alle
©toigfcit.
SlBorju ii^ dann aud^ den tool^lgeneigten Sefer hiermit nod^s
Falckner's ^'•Ctirieuse IVachricht" 79
America; and to testify there as my King of Kings
demands of me. For which proposed journey I will have
to commend myself to the love and prayers of all true
members of the body of Christ. I am, however, fully
assured, that the Lord of Lords, can and will protect my
mission until that great day. Therefore it is with great
joyfulness that I bid defiance unto death and all corruption.
I protest, however, herewith in the most graceful man-
ner, that it is not my intention to lead anyone into these
deserts, by my coming and returning again, or by my
ecomium of the piety and sincerity of the new Christians
in Pennsylvania. No — rather let every one go unto
Christ, to whom belongs the whole earth, and the fullness
thereof, and learn from Him what he shall do. He that
doth not enlighten himself out of this fountain of wisdom,
is not to be helped by me or any person in the world.
The world of to-day and its worldly children in our
Germany (after they have almost entirely lost the dear
Christianity and have transformed it into a sham or optis
operatum) console themselves with these words, saying :
Oh ! every age has been as bad as the present, formerly
it was even so. But my dear countrymen, do 3'ou not
know that the axe is already laid to the root of the tree,
and that the tree that doeth not bring forth good fruit, is
felled and cast into the fire. Therefore it is high time,
that one turneth, while yet the door of grace stands open.
No one need follow me to America, for who knows how
long I may remain there. But why I would rather be
there, than here, there are reasons therefore, known unto
me and the divine providence, which to honor and praise
in joyfulness shall be my task so long as I live, and also
beyond in all eternity.
Wherefore I then again heartily admonish the well dis-
8o The Pennsylvania-German Society.
ttto^fen |cr^(i^ öcrma^nc unö öcr treuen (BOttcgs^onb in ß^nfti
:Stebe emH^^I^^ unti tierbkibe
^cr 9Jlitfttm^ffcniic, ÜJltttc^öenöc, nnö
SUHt^offcnlic an öcm Öcibe %%\yx,
cingc^iflan^tc 9)litfnc(§t, crtoottenb
wcincö ^rl^i^irtcnS unö ^immclgs
^önigg in fe^nUt^em S^etlangen
Daniel ^ttfrfncr, Bürger unii ^Ks
grim in Pensylvanicn in JlorBcn
America.
Falckncr*s '•^Curieuse Nachricht. ^^ 8i
posed reader, and commend him unto the true guidance
of God in the love of Christ and remain
The fellow warrior, fellow sufferer
and fellow expectant of the body
of Christ, an inveterate fellow
servant, awaiting the coming of
my chief shepherd, and Heav-
enly King with ardent longing.
Daniel Falckner, Citizen and Pil-
grim in Pennsylvania in North-
ern America.
Sßic bic iKcifc nat^ America an^uftettcn?
^^^^*^^^^ff^ lyvößc öcgtcifft jtoc^crlc^ in firi^. I. ^cit
SBccg. 11. äßic öic ^Icifc onjujitcuctt [und auf
was weise.] S5on icm ^rftctt infonbcr^cit, fo
tnag tieticnige, ttie(i!^er Soften ttiagcn \oiU, am ^tmää^iiä^^cn
3U Coitiic ijott feiner §eimot$ ntt(| §off(inii ße^en, nnb fi(§ grofs
fer Pagage entft^tttgcn.
SSiff man ober ^n 23Sttffer reifen, nnö ntit iicnt geringfüen
Soften, fo Qc^ct man nar^er ^aminrg ober ÜBremcn, öon öor mit
©d^iffen na(^ ^ngeffanö. [Es sey denn, dass man vorher
durch Briefe berichtet Engellische Schiffe, die nach Amer-
ica zugehen entschlossen, allda antreffen könte.] ^g Ölörc
liann 8aii^e H^ man an nä(jern Crten Sii^iffe anträfe, tiie naä^
America ju ße^en entf^toffen.
2ann mn^ man mit öem ©djiffer accordiren, iia§ öerfelbe
einen mit aUtm be^ fid^ |abcni)en gen Philadelphiam in öic
»§au)Jtftait Pennsylvaniae lieffern muffe, ©offte aber eine nenc
Colonia in Sesquahanna Revier angeleßet toeröen, fo tonre eS
om beftcn üor kn, öer aUöa fidj nicbersntaffen entf^Ioffen, in ber
löal) tJon SOiarienfanii ganl? oben in Bohemia Revier ober in
Elck, ba§ ift, (g(enb§--Revier fii!^ anSfel^en tieffe.
SBeitläufftiflen -g>ttn§rat^ mu§ mon berfanffen, nnb in dnQcIs
lanb [und Holland] mit bem not^tiicnbigjten babon mieber bcrs
82
The ist Question.
How to contrive for a voyage to America.
hisftHIS question of the journey is a two-fold one ;
1^ how to arrange for it, and upon what manner.
Of the first he with whom expense is no object
can go most comfortably by land from his
home to Holland, and avoid the taking of any heavy
baggage.
If any wish to go by water and with less expense, they
can go by way of Hamburg or Bremen, thence by vessel
to England, provided, however, that they have previously
satisfied themselves by letter that the English ship sailing
for America, in which it is proposed to take passage, will
be met.^ Next we must make our bargain with the
skipper, so that he is bound to deliver us, with all our
belongings, at Philadelphia, the capital of Pennsylvania.
Should, however, the new colony be founded on the
Susquehanna river,^ it would be best for such persons who
wish or determine to settle there, to have themselves
landed in the bay of Maria-land,^ far up on the Bohemia
river, or on the Elk, that is, Elends river.^ Ordinary
household furniture must be sold, and the most necessary
(83)
84 The Pennsylvania- Ger tnan Society.
\t\tXi. [So muss man auch kein Leinen ausgewaschenes
und gebrauchtes mit nehmen, weil es schwere Accise in
Engelland giebet]
^ic (iröent(i(i^c ttitb bcftc "^txi ifl im %xvi\'%^\i, im 5(|irill,
unö om ^ttüe icg 9Jlonot§ 5tupfiti gegen §crb^, öietocilen um6
tiefelbe 3(ti ^i<^ meijten Cfittoiintie meinen, tia mu^ man in iSontian
fe^n. [wenn friede ist, gehen zwar Allezeit Schiffe] Wi^Xi
ftü^e im fjtüi^tinöe, nnii affjn mtl^ im §erlifit, ift cS gor ungcs
pmm im [auf dem] SJlecr.
SBic man fit^ auf bcr 9?ctfc 5U ijcr^altcn ?
R. /£tW2 ift cg, mann man o^ne ^umor «nb ©eräuf^ in ®oftc8
^ Sßitten mit reöUf^cm 5(bf(^teii angjic^e, unö oni^ a(fo fort
reife, öomit mon ein gutes (getoiffen bor ^t^ii, unö ollen Salens
fii^en l^okn, unä Be^oiten mög, olfo niil^t on einer 8eite in tite
Serfu^ung öer <yor(^t l^olber, on öcr onöern Seite ber Suft l^otber
foffen nnb nntertiegen möge. ^orneBen fet) mon ft^neff ju
pren, unb longfom ju reben. %xx öufferUi^en \\xt mon oHeS
ol^ne :3tbeiffeln unb 9JturmeIn, unb toffe fiii^ begnügen on bem,
bog bo ift.
SBic man fit^ btc 9^ctfc rct^t 5U 9^utjc ju matten?
R. /ttöei^toie in ©öttli^er ?5ü$rung fi^ feine getoiffc Theses
" ober tHegctn motten (offen ouf fo, ober fo, borumfi [und
deswegen] toeit uuferc 5(nfil^(öge unb Intention überoff mit
Falckner's '-'■Curieuse Nachricht" 85
articles be again purchased in England or Holland. Nor
must any one take any linen, bleached or domestic, as this
is subject to heavy custom duties in England.
The best and most suitable time for the voyage is in the
spring, in April, and in the autumn toward the latter part
of August, as during these times easterly winds prevail.
Then we must be in London. In times of peace ^^ ships
sail at almost all seasons, yet if it is too early in the year,
or late in the autumn, it is very boisterous upon the ocean.
The 2nd Question.
How to conduct oneself upon the voyage.
IT were well that one depart without bustle or excite-
ment,^^ but with a righteous leavetaking in the fear of
God, and thus set out, having and keeping a good conscience
before God and all men ; consequently not falling upon one
side by the temptation of fear, nor falling and succumbing
upon the other side by reason of pleasure. Moreover, be
quick to hear, but slow to speak. In outward appearances
do all things without doubting or complaint, and be con-
tent with what is there.
The 3rd Question.
How one may rightly turn the voyage to profit.
*/' I 'S in divine guidance, no regular set thesis and rules
^^ M t "thus and so" can be given. For this reason,
that as our intentions and efforts are tinged and encompassed
86 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
«cnfd^üji^cr S^toad^^ctt fo fern [Sie] burr^ öic impressiones
(ouffctt, umööcbcn, also öarff ntan nur ftiffc uitö gclaffcii rci)ctt
toic bic tinier, iJie ton einem Ott jum oniicrn [getragen oder]
gefaltet mcriien, unb nur im§jentöe in[oniier|eit anwerifen, toorauf
fie öie treufii^reniie WvMtx tocifct ; 80 totrö ein jegtif^er Sag für
I)o8 Seine fotgen, unb öer Jlu^en toirö [unserm mit Christo
in Gott verborgenem Leben] jur ^eit Öer Ojfenbtt^rung
6;^rifti ktjßeleßet.
^ttun e§ ber^ttlt fi^ l^ier toie mit einigen S^erri^tungen,
toeld^e getoiffcn SJlenfi^en umb i^reö Seften [halber] mitten
nnbefoPen finJi. ex. gr. Einern ön^men nullet bie Setoegung
ieä fd^taia^en ©liebiS. [Einem Lahmen ist die Motion oder
bewegung des Schwachen Gliedes absonderlich gut]
Einern anliern nu^et bag @e^en jur beffern S^ertianung }ier
Seifen, unb jur gefunöen Circulation lieS (Beblüt§. ^in
^ouffmann ntttt^et profit bon feiner 9leife, toie eg bie ©elcgens
|eit gibt.
SBie man in Specie nff bcr 9icifc fi(i^ 5tt feinem tJ0r]5a=
Benben B^ietf in Americam ret^t praepariren
f önne ?
R- (^^^ Preparation fo fern in fie bie Moralität, ober in bag
^ Interesse ber Seelen jielet, errettet ttuö f^on ongefü^rs
ten, unb @Ctt toei§ am beften toie er einen jegtii!^en fi^onim Steifen
noj'^ ju fernem Oleifen praepariren foil, juma^t in§gcmein bic
SKenf(]^en;<$linber alfo trägeö §er^enö finb, "^^^ fie bic SBi^tigs
feit einer Saline [und] i^re§ Jßornel^meng erft re^t ernennen,
toann fie beffent^atbcn [ernstlich] bie iprob abjulegen geforbert
toerben. (^bcn toie bie (eir^tfinnigen uneben, toeli^e erft anfongen
3U lernen, toann fie nun auffagen foden.
Falckners ^^Curieuse Nachricht."" 87
throughout with human weakness, so far as they flow
through the sensuous impressions, therefore, we can only
travel quietly and patiently, like unto children who are
carried or led from one place to another, and who merely
notice in particular that to which the true guiding mother
calls attention. Thus each day will provide for itself, and
the gain will be ours in the life hidden with Christ in God
prepared for revelation. Now it is like the various actions
which have been recommended to certain people for their
benefit. Thus, to a lame one a motion or movement of the
weak member is specially grateful ; to another, walking
gives a better digestion of the food and a healthful circu-
lation of the blood. A merchant maketh profit from his
journey as opportunity offers.
The 4th Question.
How may one rightly prepare himself during the
voyage for his intended purpose in America?
mHE preparation, so far as morality or the interest of
the soul is concerned, appears from what has
already been presented. God knows best how to prepare
everyone upon the voyage for a future journey, as generally
the children of men are of a slothful nature, so that they
fail to realize the importance of matters and their under-
standing until they are called upon to give some earnest
proof upon that account, even as the frivolous youth, who
only begin to study when they are called upon to stop.
88 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Sttjtotfii^cn ifit loop ßf^^tttt, Uionn man fir^ öicnftfcrtig, tiers
gnitgli^ un2i ^tbeitfam geiiiö^ne, iiamit man l^erna^ fii^ nii^t
in offcrfiorc falfr^c ^tfifK^tcn Dcrttiirfclc, fonöcrn ©Ott nnö SRcns
fji^cn getreue fe^ in öer SCnfri^tißfeit. %x^ äulferliii^en ijt pt,
ba^ man in ^oUanti otier ^ngeKanti, na^ ))em S>ermögen, ba3
®Ott in feinem ^eßen i)arret(!^et, berfe^e mit ^(eiöern, Letten,
^ifenmerrf, yxxC^ not^öürjftiöem ^au^rot^e.
^ic}ctttgc Söa^rcn fa in Pensylvanicn init5unc]§mcn
bienltdi :
§ottttniiif(l^e unb OfnaBriitfifi^e ßeintoat, §olIönl)if(i^en ^toitn,
S3remer i^apaifen, tiation man erft in ^ngeUant) 9la^ri^t eins
|oIen mu^, ob mang in ^oUanti einlakn tiarff^ unti loie |oii^ tier
Accis ift; (Benia(rfte 8trüm)i|fe; Einige gute S^cermeffer,
«S^Ia^tmeffer, ©(^nittmeffer, breite ©eiler, atterl^anb SKaifel
unö ^aiten. @rttb)i|eiii, Sr|au[fctn, Senfen, ©abcin, Si^eln,
«Sögen, nnii jammer, unb eiferne ^ott unö ^effetn, toie m'!^
fteine Äu^ferne ^cffelein, affer^nö gering SBoHenjeug öor ^ins
bers^leiiier unö llnterfutter. Einige SWabrajjen, nnb bunbte
§a(9tü^er, ^atoen nnb Jöori^et. 5(((cr^anb ^of^;@etoür^.
i^enjters^Iet). ^raut unb %^% au^ aUer^anb Sii^rot unb
§age(sXttn|t iXiVX SJöget fi^ie|fen.
2)ie 5. fyrage.
SBofiir man fit^ wff bcr 91ctfc 5U ^ütcn?
R. <^5(S® man fi^ buri^ bie bielfäJtigen Objecta ni^t affjus
^ fc^r distrahiren talfe, no(^ [durch] bie mani^erle^
©ejettfi^aften, VixC^ untcrfr^icblit^e Conversationen, toeli^e man
Falckner's '■'■Ctirietise Nachricht.'''' 89
In the meantime it will be well for one to accustom him-
self to be obliging, pleasant, and industrious, that he may
not become entangled in false positions, but remain true in
all sincerity unto God and mankind. In outward matters
it is well for one to purchase in Holland and England such
clothing, bedding, ironware and necessary household goods,
according to the means with which the blessing of God
hath endowed him.
Such goods as will be of service if taken to
Pennsylvania.
Dutch and Osnabrück Linens, Holland Thread, Bre-
men bed-sheets, whereof one must first get information
from England, if they can be loaded in Holland, and how
high the tariff is. Fulled stockings, several good razors,
butcher's knives, chopping knives, broad-axes, all sorts of
chisels and files, spades, shovels, scythes, forks, sickles,
saws, hammers, iron pots and kettles, also small copper
kettles, all kinds of cheap woollen goods for children's
wear and linings. Several mattresses, colored kerchiefs,
calico and canton flannel, all kinds of cookery spices,
glazier's lead, powder and shot, also all sizes of shot and
dust shot to shoot birds.
The 5th Qiiestion.
What one has to beware of on the voyage ?
ONE should not permit himself to be detracted too
much by the many outward things, nor by the
mixed company and the different conversations (which one
go The Pennsylvania-German Society.
ni^t offC3cit tott|(cn [oder wo sie bösse sind nach seinem
willen] noii^ tJcrittciilCtt fann, [doch auch zu seinem nactheil
nicht unterhalten soll.] %t\a Öci6c ßcöc mtttt oröcntüd^ fcinc
%^t\\t uttii fc^c fif^ too^t für, öo^ man fii^ öor unreinem ^rinfflcs
fri^irr unö öcttcn, [und Gesellschaft] fo öict möftUr^, t)crnitt|re.
2)ie 6. S^age.
2öc^ man uff bcm Schiffe [wegen umgang] mit bcncn
St^ifflcutcn in 5(^t 5tt nehmen ?
R. ^5(S S(i^i|f=Sotif mtt§ mon in feinem X^un laffen, unö fiil^
^ uil^t ttUjUgcmein moi^en, [Es sey denn dass einen
Gott sonderlich bey einem oder anderm einen eingang
machte;] infonöer^eit ^akn fit^ 2[ßci6ä;^er[onen in 5(r^t ju
nehmen. 9Jlon mu^ respectiren öen ®f^i|[s(5tt)iitän, ben Steuers
mann, ©oot§mann, ^o^ unö fetter. [Den Koch, Kellner,
Bothsmann zusamt den Schiff-Capitain und Steuermann
muss man so viel als möglich zu Freunden behalten] In
specie mu§ mon fiii^ einen geringen ©i^iffmann jum guten
f^rcunbe marinen, mit JBerf^re^ung eineS 2ranrfgc(Ji8 oöer JBranös
toeingettlS, [darneber einen gemeinen Schiffmann durch
Verheissung eines Trinckgeldes oder dann und wann durch
mittheilung eines trunks Brantwein an sich halten] ))amit
man, ju l^arten (öturm§=3fiten oöer k^ borfaHenöer Si^ips
.ftranffjeit fitf) feiner ^tuftoartung getröften fönne. tiaS Seinige
mu^ ein jegüt^er too^ tocrttiafjren, unb nit^t una(!^tfom liegen
laffen, tiamit einiges böfeg 8tf)iff=ä5o(rf ni(!^t (Gelegenheit jum
fte^len be!omme. %\\ iicnen Certern auf bem 8(^iffe, too iia8
6d^iffs!^o(if feine ä^erridjtnngen f)at, mn^ man fi(^ nid^t tiiet aufs
Ijatten.
Falckner's '■'■Curieuse Nachricht, ^^ 91
cannot select at all times, nor avoid as we would desire
where they are evil) nor should one enter into any amuse-
ment to his own detriment. Give unto the body its proper
food, and so far as possible beware of unclean drinking
vessels, bedding and company.
The 6th Question.
What one has to be mindful of in his intercourse
with the sailors and crew?
mHE crew must be left alone in their ways and doings,
neither must one fraternize with them, unless it be
that the Lord has made a special enlightment in one or
another of them. Females, in particular, have to be care-
ful of themselves. It is well for one to keep on as friendly
terms as possible with the ship's-cook, steward, boatswain,
as well as with the captain and mate. The favor of the
common sailor should be gained by the promise of a
gratuity or an occasional drink of brandy, so that one may
depend upon their attention in stormy or heavy weather,
or during sea-sickness. Every one must carefully guard
his personal property, and allow nothing to lie around, so
as not to offer to the wicked ship's crew any incentive for
stealing. One should not spend much time in the crew's
house of office.
p2 The Pennsylvania- Ger^nan Society.
295a^ tocgctt bcr Sc^iff^= ober Scc=^ranf^cttcn in 5lt^t
5U nc]§mctt?
R. fls,S^ [schiffs] ^tttttf^cit ttöcrfttfft ittSgcmcitt öic ©afffii^s
'^ tißc, oöcr jumSf^toiniict ßcncißtc, unb ford^tfamc ©emits
t|cr. [am meisten] :^a^cro toötc cl ßut, öo§ iiiatt fcitt @cmüt$
[Durch höhere Gedanken zu ordnen] üorl^ctO jU ru^tgeit
Sedatctt ©ctionfcn disponirc, öcit 8ci6 aber per purgantia
reinige ; [und das natürliche gebrechen der Schwindelhaff-
tigen und furchtsamen Natur sich auf einer Schaukel zu
benehmen] ^ie %^x^\ ^^ jtt benehmen, ju bor^ero uff fteinen
[wasser in einem] ^a^iteit faxten lerne, öie ^|antafet) [zu
beugen und] bufd^ eine ttntoadifenlie (S^^tiftli^e Hbnng, nnö
rnnt^iß unb fit^ne tneröen lerne, [also gar, das worfür immer
ein weit Mensch nicht erschrickt auch ein Gott und Tugend
liebender Mensch dasselbige keinesweges zu fürchten hat]
^ann toorfür ein böfer SßeltsSRenfr^e erfii^rirft, Jmrfür l^ot |i^
ein frommer ©Otts unö ^ngenöUebenber 9Wen|d|e ßcr ni(|t8 ju
förf^ten.
llnö ijt ou^ ju observiren, iio§ too mon ftnrtfe Sßinlie nnb
§ö^(e öer See öermerrfet, man fid^ nit mit S^ieife border ükrs
laDe, fontlern nur ein toenig 3tot|6aif un Srantietoein 3U ftd^
nel^mc, fit^ in fein ©ettc niebertege, yxv:^ auf ber Seiten liegen
bteiöe, M§ mon öer Motion öeg ©tfjiffg beffer getool^ne. Mm
fan fid^ onr^ ein l^og oöcr ai^t, [nacht] clje mon jur See geltet,
auf tiag ®d^tff begeben iiamit man 2ie§ SBofferS unli tier Sees
l^ufft getoo^ne.
Falckner's '■^Curteuse Nachricht. ^^ 93
The 7th Question.
What is to be observed concerning ship or
sea-sickness ?
BEA-SICKNESS chiefly affects persons of a bilious
disposition or such as are inclined to vertigo or fear.
Therefore, it is best to occupy one's mind with higher
thoughts ^^ and to cleanse the body ; while such as suffer
from dizziness or are of a timorous nature should betake
themselves to a swing or a little boat upon smaller waters,
so as to overcome the fantasy of fear, and by increasing
the practice of Christian virtues, become bold and courage-
ous, so that as God-loving and virtue-loving persons they
will in no manner have to fear, that which fails to frighten
a worldly-minded person. It is also to be observed that
when we meet with strong winds and high seas, one must
not overload himself with food, but rather content himself
with a little zwieback ^^ and brandy, and lie down in bed
upon the right side, and remain there until one is better
accustomed to the motion of the vessel. One may also go
aboard the ship for a day or night prior to sailing, so
as to get accustomed to the water and the sea-air.
94 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
2)ie 8. S^^age.
SBtt)^ junge Seutc, bic ba^tn reifen tootten, ju observircn
]§akn ?
[Wie junge Leute, die einmahl dahin gehen sollen auf
solche weise dazu zu -prcRfariren seyn ?
R. CII^^@ kreitS auf bie 4te '%x^t geantwortet unb tote liies
''^^ jenißcn ^eöeln in 5(ri|t 3U nehmen fiitii, ttieli^e man fonft
tienen in tiie i^rembti 9teifenben ju geben tiftegt, liod^ nur fo fern^
M jte tiem toa^ren (^^riftent^umb, unb tier taia|ren Sugenb gemä§
finli.
Sie 9. i^rage^
2öa^ Bei ber 3(nfunfft in Pensylvania ober Virginia 5tt
observiren ?
R. (?^5(S ^rjte unö nötlißjte ift, bem ^^rrn feinem ^t)ii, ier
'^Jiur^ Söttffer unö ^euer führet, einen %mh%W^x in ber
ftitten ©erborgenl^eit feine§ §er^en§ aufjurid^ten, unö in ^yxitxx
Sorfttl^e [demselben] feine Oelübiie ju bejahten, darneben fe^c
man fiii^ na^ [einem oder mehr] guten «yreunöen umb, benen
man feine ^(nfd^läge, mie unt) mag Ü2eben3s$(rt man führen moHe^
entwerfe. 93lan fte^e j|a ntt^t auf feinem ^o|jffe, fonöcrn laffc fi^
iiuri^ öie ^rfa^rung anöcrcr ju feinem ©ejiten ratzen, injtoifji^en
|ot man ft(^ ni^t ju übereiten, bielmel^r mit ©ciiutt öer ^IHXm
d^en ©d^iifung abjutoarten, bi§ man ^^ beffcr [völlig] in öic
^rt lieg li^antieS einrii!^ten lerne.
Falckner's ^■'■Curieuse Nachricht.'''' 95
The 8th Question.
How young persons, who intend going there for any
specific purpose, are to be properly prepared.
*^ * HE answer to this question already appears in those
XUF previously set forth, in particular in ^lesttoti IV.
Herewith one may observe such rules as are usually given
to itinerant journeymen, though only so far as they con-
form with true Christianity and virtue.
The 9th Question.
What is to be observed upon the arrival in Pennsyl-
vania or Virginia?
HIRST and above all, raise up unto the Lord, who
hath guided you safely through fire and water, an
altar of thankoffering in the inmost recesses of your heart,
with a firm resolution to pay unto him your vows. At the
same time seek to make one or more good friends, to whom
you can disclose your intentions, projects and manner of
living. Do not stand upon your own head, but take ad-
vice from the experience of others. In the mean time one
need not act hastily, but await with patience the Divine
dispensation, until one learns fully how to establish one-
self according to custom of the country.
pö The Pennsylvania- German Society.
SBtc man fit^ öorfit^ttgli^ gegen "^xz manc^crle^ Seelen
bort tier^alten fotte ?
^ toortctt, noji^ fi^tocrcr 3U practicircn, öor^ tocil öic Saus
tcrfcit Öc8 (^(oubcttö ^®|u in öcr ©infatt öic ©creii^tiöfcit öer
JBÖtrfcr erfüllet, fo t^Ut man Öarinn Öcn Sectcn [keinen grös-
seren] no(^ öcn Jttci|itctt dintrog, unö ^ttiar noii^ i^rcr cißcncn
Informierung, unii mit i^rem Consens. ^ann mann man fiii^ in
öer 2l^at fo fromm gegen fie bezeuget, mie fie in einem gefe^s
litten Sl^eege tiertangen, unti liof!^ iiarbe^ nid^t ftol^ ijt, unb tiiets
ntel^r [in der Freundlichkeit und Liebe ihnen etwas Leben-
diges bey aller Gelegenheit bezeuget] i^nen f^reunölili^feit,
unti Si\%\% kseuget.
2)ie 11. grage.
SBic man fit^ borten ^vx heften einritzten fönnc %vx
^anPattnng ?
[zur information, zur Haus-Arbeit, zur Haushaltung]
R. r^^IESE Einrichtung kan geschehen] ^a^ Öer fc
L^ fanntnug eineg jeglit^en ©abe, unö naj^ feiner resolu-
tion in Öcn @ött(i(i^en SßiHen, ingtcid^en [wie schon oben ge-
meldet] naii^ eineg jegtiji^en SJlittct unö S^ermögen mag er feine
[wer etwas hat kan sich mit nöthigen zur] ^au^^attung mit
iiientiii^en !tingen berfel^cn. 23ßer aber ni^tö ^ct [sehe nur das
er frei und ohne Schuld überkomt und lasse den lieben Gott
sorgen ipse faciei '\ UUÖ ÖOI^ 8|>ra^en im, Öer fon [in den
Falckner's '■^Curieuse Nachricht.'" 97
The loth Question.
How to conduct oneself there circumspectl}^ and in-
offensively toward the divers sects.
^^ »HIS is a difficult question, and one almost impossible
\5tr to answer, and still harder to observe. Neverthe-
less, as the clearness of the faith of Jesus in its simplicity
imbues the nations with righteousness, consequently we
can offer to the sects no greater encouragement and indeed
this according to and with their consent, than when we
always and in a lawful manner show ourselves actually as
devout as they demand, and yet be not proud, but rather
extend unto them friendliness and love, thus showing vital
Christianity upon opportunity.
The iith Question.
How best to establish oneself, and concerning infor-
mation about domestic affairs and the household.
mHE establishment can be done according to the knowl-
edge of every one's endowment, and according to
their fortitude in divine providence, as has already been
previously mentioned, according to every person's means
and ability. Those who have any means can supply them-
selves with the necessary household utensils. Such as have
nothing, let them see that they come over free and with-
out debt, and let the good Lord provide (tpse/actet).
q8 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Städten] offcnfti^c Sd^ufctt aiifitcttcn, unö öonn öcit HcBcn
%^ii foröcn Iilffcn^ ipse faciet. [Die information betref-
fend, so muss dieselbe ■privatim in einzelnen Häusern
meistentheils geschehen, weil die Teutschen allda noch
nicht in einer eigenen Colonie zusammen Verfasset
wohnen. Wer mehr sprachen gelernt hat als eine, kan in
den Städten öffentliche Schulen anstellen. Bey der
Landschule ist zu beobachten, dass man die Kinder wo sie
tüchtig der Hülfe der Eltern nicht entbehren können, des-
wegen man morgends und abendszeit in acht zu nehmen
hat, oder sie wechselweise von ihren Verrichtungen zu
sich rufet, ja bey denen Verrichtungen selbst mit ihnen
conversiret und acht hat, ob und wie treulich sie ein Ding
thun.]
9Boi3 her (^efunb^ctt tocgcn bort 5U observiren ?
R.^:
^^^ 5(6toc^§(ttitÖ tjon §t^c in bic Mite, uitb U'x bct
^ältc in J)ic Slßämc, [ist bisweilen schnell, dahero
es] öcrurfai^ct kt) jartcn Constitutionen SBinbc [verkältung
Heischerkeit] ^eiterfeit, 8rfjnu^^en unÖ Obstructiones, nnii
iiie[c§ fo bielnte^r, toeilen buri^ ben [vielen und] tttßüi|cn ©es
brttu(^ öer fiiffen So(|en, a(g ©^ru^^, Surfer, ^nbianifii^ ^orn
[Brantwein, von Zucker-Rieth] Liquor [Brantewein] tion
^firfr^en, 9Jlcfonen unb öergfeiii^en, öer o^ne bo§ bur^ bie Sers
toe(^§(un9 be§ Temperamente causirte unb unorbcntIii!^c
Appetit ßeftärrfet, IsXt falte 8tture berme^rct, unb atter^anb
SufttKe berurfoii^t tocrben, ba^ero fonberüi^ unter unorbentüilen
toopüftißen Gemütern entftetjen fotßenbe ^rnnrf^eiten, M
3Ä08ens(5ie6er, »lili^seyicBer, @ttaen-'.$lrttnrf^eiten, goliea, Dis-
Falckner's '■'■Curieuse Nachricht. ^^ 99
Concerning information, this must be chiefly obtained
privately in the several houses, as the Germans as yet do
not live together there as a distinct colony. Those who
have learned more languages than one, can open a public
school in the city. In the country schools it is, however,
to be noted, that where the parents cannot spare the actual
services of their children, the spare time in the mornings
and evenings must be taken into consideration, or one may
call them from their duties in turns ; yea, even converse
with them while they are at work, at the same time paying
attention that they are diligent and properly perform their
duties.
The I 2th Question.
What is to be observed regarding one's health }
Ytt^HE variations from heat to cold and from cold to
j.J-^ warmth are often sudden ; consequently it causes,
in delicate constitutions, flatulence, colds, hoarseness,
catarrhal fever and obstructions, all of which are acceler-
ated by the daily and plentiful use of sweet things, such as
syrup, sugar, Indian corn, brandy from sugar cane (rum),
brandy from peaches, melons and the like, which tend to
increase the disordered digestion resulting from a change
of temperature, increasing the gastric acid, thereby bring-
ing about all kinds of conditions and attacks of illness.
Therefore, dissolute and lustful dispositions are especially
liable to such disorders as gastric and splenetic fevers,
bilious complaints, colic, dysentery, pleurisy and similar
lOO The Pennsylvania-German Society.
senteria [Pleuritis] unÖ ÖerßlctC^cn. [Die Kinder muss
man ordentlich im Essen halten, sonst brüten sie leicht
Würmer zumal da man der milch häufig gebrauchet. Die
Brust und die Kahle muss man in Schweiss gegen die
kühlen Lüftlein verwahren.] ^arum6 ift xCx^i bicttUd^
tlicl Sttl^sS^ciffcn cffcn [zumahl wenn man der starken
Englischen Biere, Brantewein und Apfel-Trank zugleich
mit sich nimmt] kt| öcm ©cttanif öcg ftarrfctt ^ttgtif^ctt ©icrg
unii ©rantcntocitt§. ^ic obtuc^Slcnlic [Motion] Commotion
ift fc^r ßut, (ongc fi^Iaffcn aber ijt f^öbltil, toic ou^ iaS Siegen
Uttb Si^en itff Her [blossen] ^töen, toeit fie fe^r nitrofi|i^ ijit,
uttö öo^ t(^8 fttt^ [sage] fttffc : ^o§ öattii tuia feinen Debou-
chanten [oder] nnö ^ottffen^er bertrogen, foniiern beförbert i|n
batb 3u feinem @rabe.
2ßtc bie Suft bort 2ßitttcr)g= unb ©ommcr)5=3eit Beft^af=
fcn?
R. [(^lE Luft] Sie ift fttft eben toie ^iet, Uenen %^x^i'^t\it'^
\j^ naii^, nnr iia^ fie itberatt biet subtiler unb penetranter
ift, unb ob f(|on bie Sonne we^r ©ctoalt ^at, fo t^un boil^ bie Sßinbe
i^rcn ®tro(j(en Eintrag. %n, 9. U^r SKorgeni bi^ nmb @(oi!e
2. ift eS im Sommer am toärmften, infonber^eit im JOlonat
Julio unb Augusto. gtoo Stunben bor 5(benb8 beginnet c8
insgemein fitste XiVi^ feu^te p toerben, unb trauet bie 9laii^t
über fc^r ftarrf, too aber biefer 2^au eine 9la(i^t auffen bleibt, fo
ift eg ein ^eii^en, ba^ e§ batb regnen toerbe. Starile SBinbe
toc^en ou§ SBeften unb 9lorbs2Beften [davon der letztere eben-
das jenige wetter mit sich bringet was hier bey uns der
Nordostwind thut, hingegen bringet uns der Nordost und
Falckner's " Curietise Nachricht.'''' loi
diseases. Children's diet must be carefully attended to,
or else they easily breed worms, particularly as much milk
is frequently used. The chest and throat, when in a
perspiration, must be carefully guarded against the cool
breezes. Too much salt food is not advisable, particularly
when one partakes at the same time of the strong English
beer, and apple beverages." Occasional exercise is very
beneficial. To sleep long is harmful, nor is it well to sit
or lie upon the bare earth, as the ground is very nitrous,
and that I may express myself plainly : the country will
not endure any bacchanalian or idle sluggard, but quickly
sends them to their grave.
The 13th Question.
How the climate is constituted there in summer and
winter.
rirfHE climate is almost the same as here, according to
J-lul the season, only that everywhere it is much more
subtle and penetrating. Although the sun has greater
power, yet the breezes temper its rays. In summer it is
warmest from nine o'clock in the morning until the clock
strikes two, particularly during the months of July and
August. Two hours before nightfall it generally begins
to get cool and damp. During the night the dew falls
heavily. Whenever the dew fails to fall, it is a sign that
it will soon rain. Strong winds blow from the west and
northwest, of which the latter brings the same kind of
weather as the northeast winds do with us. On the con-
J02 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Ostwind einen zweitägigen treibenden regen, der Sudost-
wind einen zwölf Stündigen Sturm und Regen] Öcr ®UÖ5
toinü bringet cinctt g^Itti^rcßcn unü grofe ©ctoäjfer. [Im winter
hat die Sonne mehr Kraft als hier, deswegen der schnee
nach und nach vergehet, darzu hilft auch dass der kürtzeste
Tag bey uns über 2 Stunden länger gleich wie der längste
um so viel kürtzer. Die grösste kälte ist mit Nordwest-
wind, da es in einer Nacht mehr gefrieret als sonst in
zweyen] ^cr fürjcjtc Xog tft 2. Stuniic (ängcr, unU öcr Sangfte
2. StunHc lur^cr.
Sie 14. S^age.
«Bon bcr Fertilität be^ Sanbe^ ?
R. ^:
.^cfc [Die Fertilität des Landes] ift föftli^, unÜ ÖcS
^ ÄornsüBott ^olbcr mit [einigen orten der Pfaltz der
güldenen Aue] öcm SWoßöebtttgift^cn ttltÖ §tt(bcrftttlitifi!^en
Öottöc 3tt bcrglcir^cn, nur öo^ mc^r trofft uitii ©törtfc [allda
ist] aajier, oI§ in Xcutfi^Ianiic ijt, öa^cto au^ affc ^ingc iJutd^
einen fd^netten trieft toa^fen, nnö no^ einjt fo rei^tii^ ^rü^tc
[wo nicht mehr geben] geben.
2>ie 15. S^age.
2Ba§ i^^^ Sanb für 5rüd)tc uub ©cöiät^fc gebe ?
R. /^O toO^t Sentf^ totn [Das Land giebt alles Korn so
^^ man hier zu Lande hat nebst dem] otö ^iWÖittnif^
Äorn bon ntterle^ [unterschiedlicher] %xi [und dergleichen]
Sahnen [und] ^rbfen [nächst dem wilden Reis wohl
Falckncr's '•'■Curieuse JVacht'tcht.^^ 103
trary, the northeast winds and easterly winds bring us a
two days' driving rain ; southeasterly winds, a twelve hour
storm and rain ; and the south wind, sudden and heavy
showers and down pours of rain. During the winter the
sun has greater strength than here ; consequently snow
gradually disappears. Another advantage is that the
shortest day with us is two hours longer,''' while the longest
is so much shorter. The greatest cold comes with the
northwest wind, when it freezes harder in one night than
otherwise in two.
The 14th Question.
Regarding the fertility of the country.
YtYHE fertility of the country is excellent, and the cul-
J 1 [ ture of grain vies with several parts of the Palati-
nate, and may be compared to the fertile golden meadows
of the Magdeburg and Halberstadt districts, only that
here there is more force and strength, whereby all things
grow with a more rapid energy, and give one a second
harvest, just as plentiful, if not more.
The 15th Question.
Of the sorts of fruits and vegetables the country
produces.
mHE country produces all kinds of cereals similar to
what we have here,'" together with Indian corn of
different kinds, and similar beans and peas. Possibly rice
may also be cultivated. Peas, kitchen vegetables, pump-
104 '^^^ Pennsylvania- German Society.
wachsen] ßinfcit, ^n\, ^ttjiff, Seilt, §o^|fctt, affcr^aiiii
©artCtts^Jriid^tC [gedeyen wohl und bezahlen dem, der ihrer
pfleget seine arbeit reichlich] jtt^me ©bjtsSBäumc [lassen
sich geschwinde anbauen, dass ein Haus-Vater der Früchte
davon in 7 Jahren geniessen kan] 5Pfir)l|cn, Äirfrl^eil, [sind
gar reichlich dasselbst und vermehren sich selbst wie Un-
kraut] 5Cc^ffc(, ©irnett, -^aftonicn, [und] 9lu^bäumc, [deren
drey bis vierley art] ß^cöcm, [dreierley Art] ^\^t^, ^f^Ctt,
@ttffcfra§, gjtt^licln, S!Jlc)>c(tt, Sannen, JBuc^en nnö öerötcit^cn,
[In Verginien und Marie-Land hat man ein hartes und
lange dauerndes Holtz Cocus genant ingleichen Cypressen,
und wie man sagt] aut^ l^ttt Wttn toettcr ^inein toä Lignum
Guajacum oöer Sanctum.
2)ie 16. S^rage.
S93tc fit^ üt'tiii bic (Surö^äcr nähren ?
R. orj^I^c unter i^nen lein ^anDtocrif treiben fönncn, bic
'^ nähren fic^ Don öem 5(if erbau uni öon ä^ie^ep^t. Einige
treiben ^nbionifd^e ^anöelfr^afft, oöer laffen |i^ jur 8^i|fa|rt
gebrauii^en
Sie 17. grage.
SBon bcncn Sßilbcn, i^rcn 9^ationcn, ^Inja^Ic, wnb
R- ^^^ Stationen ier 29ßi(ben fmii ntani^erle^, Ho^ jinb unS
-^ nur iicjeniöen belannt, öie umb un§ too^nen, iiie anöern
lommen niji|t in unjer ®efi(i^te, öercn 9laOmen, ^crfunfft, ^tU
Falckncr's ^^Curieuse Nachricht.^'' 105
kins, melons, roots, hemp, flax, hops, and all other sorts
of garden produce flourish and recompense such as culti-
vate them richly for their labor. Domesticated fruit trees
mature quickly, so that the husbandman can enjoy the
fruit therefrom within seven years. Peaches and cherries
are plentiful here and increase spontaneously like weeds.
Of forest trees we have the Chestnut and three or four
varieties of nutbearing trees. Of cedar trees there are
three varieties ; there are also Oak, Ash, Sassafras, Poplar,
Medlar,^^ Beech and the like. In Virginia and Maryland
they have a hard wood called Cocas, ^* also Cypress and it
is said further in the interior lignum guaiacum'^ or sanctum.
The 1 6th Question.
How the Europeans support themselves, and the
various ways in which they earn their livelihood.
YnpYHE Europeans who have no trade support themselves
J 1 [ chiefly by agriculture and breeding cattle. Some
follow trading with the Indians or find employment with
the shipping.
The 17th Question.
Of the savages, their nations, numbers and
languages.
mHERE are many nations among the savages. Only
such, however, are known to us as live about us.
The others we do not get sight of. Their names, origin,
io6 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
fctt uttii Sitten foUfcn 3U ciucr nnbcnt "^ni, fo ©Ott tottt, unö
toit (eben, crfotgcn. S^re Slnja^I bcrmittücrt fij| ftctoaltig, in;
bent [ie tnri^ tiie ^rantf^eiten ber ^urafiäer angejteifet ba^in
geriffen toeröcn, iio^ too wan berfclficn tor 30. ^a^ren 100
[200] unö ntei^r gefeiten, i^o [man nun] fanm einen ficl^et,
®o Diet 9lotionen k^ i^nen jinii, fo bielerte^ nnb gnn^ untets
f^ieiien fini m^ iie [derselben] Siiro^en.
2)ie 18. i^^age.
2öic mit i^ttctt umfijugcjcn ?
R. Fii^ER umbgang mit ihnen] ^n eufferli^en Affairen
L^ ift noii^ [leiblich] too^ mit i^nen nmbge^en. ^n
i^ren Humor ntu^ man ft^ Beugen, unl) il^re ^uneigunge fu^en,
öann in i^rer 5(rt jte^en fie fefte, fie tl^un, reHen unö feigen m^,
gtei^ toie fie gefinnct fmö. %\t ^infott, mit [zahmen Crea-
ttiren'] i^nen umBjUge^en ift, [in dem umbgang mit ihnen]
bic k|te Stttotgs^eget. äönnn fie trunrfen finb [oder dazu
lust und Gelegenheit haben,] fo ift ÖttÖ iefte, fie 3U meiÖett.
2)ie 19. grage.
Sött!^ i^rc Sugcttbcn unb Safter fcijcn ?
R. (X'^^@ Sttgenö tttter Jugenöen ift, bie Hnöerbtoffenl^eit,
<\5 demjenigen na^jufttekn, toa3 fie fiii^ Dorgefe^et, fie finb
ntttür(i(| einfältig, im^etO [auch wo sie Verstand und] too fie
W^t ktoeifen, t^un ^e e§ boi^ nij^t nmi ein folt^eg Interesse,
DaDon fie einen Beftänbigen profit unb 9lu^en tior fi<i§ 3U ma^en
Falckner's ^■^Curteuse Nachricht.^^ 107
manners and habits will follow at some future time. So
God wills, and we live. They decrease in numbers rapidly,
as they become infected "^^ with the diseases of the Euro-
peans and are swept away. Where thirty years ago one
could see two hundred or more, one can now hardly find
a single one. As many nations as there are, so entirely
different are their languages.
The 1 8th Question.
How to establish intercourse with them?
mHE intercourse with them in outward affairs is still
moderate. One must bow to their humor, and
seek their favor. For in their opinions they stand firm,
and speak and look just as they are disposed. Simplicity
is the best public law in intercourse with tame creatures.
When they are drunk, or have any desire and opportunity
thereto, it is best to avoid them.
The 19th Question.
What are their virtues and vices }
mHEIR virtue of all virtues is their perseverance in
striving after what they resolve upon. They are
by nature unsophisticated. Therefore where they show
intellect and effort they do not do it with an intention,
whereby they expect to reap any permanent benefit or
io8 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
geiJttii^tctt, fonöcrn nur Öa^ fie |i^ fclbft cine Satisfaction gekn,
unl) tiarfür angefe§en fe^n ttioilen, iia^ fie au^ et)tia§ t^un Ions
nen. SBietooPen m^ bieic öie Siebe jum ftarifen ©etränrfe,
unö öie ©eßierlie, beffere ^(eibuitöe ju ^aben [und andere der-
gleichen Dinge wie inventios und fleissig] fie eigeitllU^ig
[und] ©etoinnfi^ttG «ta^et. ^ie finb ittgßemeitt Sociabel,
fte^gebig^ ernft^afftig [welche ernsthafftigkeit bissweilen mit
Argwohn undj mit ^^Vi öetmifrl^et, fonöetU^ %t%iXi i§re8
gleid^en.
Sie 20. S^age.
2Bie fie tool^ncn ? unb toie tucit bic $üttcn tioii cinanbcr ?
[seyn]
R- (5^^® tool^neu balb per \^{^ öot na^tiettt fie i^r Sinn unb
^ i^re Öuft treibet, bo(| l^ttben [sie] au(| einige beftöniiiöe
Certer, öa biele ^ütten fielen, [auch einige] tuie ©tätitc,
toeld^e }ioi| )tieäer tienen ^ütten, m^ benen anliern llmbftäniien
naii^, tion |enen biet unterfii^ietien ftnd.
2){e 21. ^rage.
SBic fid^ bic S3i^i(bcn itc^ren ?
R- (^^S »urne^mfte bon ipeit 9lo^TUtt9§59Kitte(n, ift ba§
^ Soßen nnö '^\\^tx^, nnö borneben ^flon^en ipe SBeiber
ein toeniß ^nbianifj^ torn, Sonnen, tiirbfe, ajletoncn [Quash-
ies] unö bergreifi^en :e.
Falckner's '•'■Curietise Nachricht.^'' 109
profit for themselves, but merely to give themselves the
satisfaction to be considered able to accomplish something ;
although now the love for strong drink and the desire for
better garments and other similar things makes them
desirous and industrious, but also selfish and greedy. In
general for trifles they are sociable, liberal, and earnest;
an earnestness which is often mixed with suspicion and
anger, especially against their equals.
The 20th Question.
How they live, and what distance their cabins
are apart.
mHEY live, sometimes here, sometimes there, accord-
ing as their inclination or fancy moves them. Yet
they have some permanent places, where there are many
cabins, also some towns, in which, however, neither the
cabins nor other conditions differ greatly from the others.
The 2 I St Question,
How they support themselves.
Ytt^HEIR principal means of existence is derived from
J 1 [ hunting and fishing. In addition their women
plant a little Indian corn, beans, pumpkins, melons, squash,
and such like.
no The Pennsylvania-German Society.
2ötc fie ben %^% 5uBrtngCtt ?
R. r^J^IESES erhallet meistentheils schon aus vorher-
Xj^ gehender Beantwortung, welcher noch dieses
beyzufügen] 2Bic crjit gcöoi^t mit .Sißf« tt«Ö fyif^fH/ ftU(|e
bereiten aud^ Scfff^ [Manns- Arbeit ist Fell bereiten, von
welchen sie hernach Strümpfe, Hemden und Sipax, das
ist Schuhe machen] nittl^Ctt 8triiW)lffe UttÖ Sigax, ÖaS ift,
%^)x\t, item ^öl^erne @(^üffe(n unti iSöffel, Don ^notten, tie
tttt ÖCtt ©ÖUTOCtt tott^fen. [Und was etwa sonst zu ihren zeuge
gehöret] ^ic SBcikr ^auctt ^ol^, -to^ctt, tottttctt öetr Äinöer,
tllO^Ctt Sctttct bon toilben ^onff, [welchen sie Notis nennen]
aui!^ ®trti!e. Item 3^a|ie3ere^en bon gefärbtem 8tro^e, ^örk
Hon ßcfäritcm Saft, unü Werfen öon ^cöcrn flcfloii§ten.
^ie 23. i^raße.
2ßie fie i^rc ^inber cr^ieljen?
R- (^^^ ^uttften (critctt boit [sich] felbfi t^un toic bic 5((ten,
'^ toc((|c fic öuri^ 806 unö öiefifofcn, al§ toic junge 5(ffen
getaiö^nen, ba^er bie dinier \t\x freunblii^ finti. llnb gleii^mie
bie Altern nUeg mit 8u|t nnö gutem Skiffen t^un, nlfo fielet
man, tia^ au^ hinter jeugen unb aufer^iel^en 6e^ il^nen feine
ä3e)(^n)ertie ijt, man findet au^ nii^t (eiii^t ein fri^^Ii^affteg unb
toertoartojtcg ^inö unter i^nen. Vide plura infra in iier 72.
Fahkner's ^^Curteuse IVachrtcht." iii
The 22nd Question.
How men, women and children spend the day.
mHIS is shown for the most part in the preceding
answers ; to which we may add that it is the work
of the men to prepare the skins, from which they afterwards
make stockings, shirts and Sipax, that is shoes.^^ Item,
wooden bowls and spoons they make out of the knots that
grow on the trees, and what else belongs to their imple-
ments. The women cook, chop wood, attend to the chil-
dren, make bags out of wild hemp,^^ which they call
notis, ropes, tapestry from dyed straw, baskets from the col-
oredinner bark of trees, and braid feathers into rugs.
The 23rd Question.
How do they rear their children?
mHE young learn of themselves to do just as their
seniors do; for which, just as young monkeys,
they receive great praise and much caressing. Therefore
the children are very affable.
112 The Pennsylvania- Gertnan Society.
Sie 24. Stage.
Sie ftc fte^ tjcrjcurat^ctt ? quibus Ceremoniis ? unb
oB fie Polygami?
R- ^S@^^^ fiff^^i^t [so viel mir bekannt] noi^ mit
-^ jicmliji^ctt Umbjiattiictt unb Crtmung, unö ift 3tt bets
tountietn, tia^ Incniget llnfeufi^^eit unter i^nen 3U bermertfen,
H fie boii^ meifteng nadenti ge|en, unü allezeit Gelegenheit äar^u
^ben, im^inßeßen [als unter unsern] be^ un§ ^uro|)äif(i^en
S5Ö(rfern [allwo die Schärffigkeit der Gesetze, Gottes Befehl
zu geschweigen] Üe 8(i^örffe iier toeltliii^en Cbrißfeit iieö
ernjtcn Scfe^tö @otte§ 3U ßeff^toeigen, öie !ölenf(^en aber i)o(^
niii^t fo fromm ma^en unti erhalten fiinnen, a(3 mie Jene o^ne
©efe^e finb. ^ie §eurotl^ö Ceremonien bet) i^nen finö alfo :
^er SJlnnn gibt öer fronen einen ^xx\i&^i%\x^, toeti^eä bedeutet,
iia§ er i^r i^^cifi^ ticrf(|ttffen toiff. ^ie ^rnu gibt öcm SÖlanne
eine ^nnö tioff ^orn [oder Gewächsse] me(^e§ lit'^tViUi, H^
fie öor öag löroö und Äii^c forgen toolle. ^inem SJlonne ijt
[vergönnt] erJottbet jmo «^tanen ju ncl^men, t^mn er fie 3U ers
nö^ren geiienrfet, fonft ift eg i^mc eine groffe ©d^aniie. [Sed
non vice versa. Von einigen wird gesaget, dass nachdem
eine Dirne an einen gewissen Mann versprochen, sie her-
nach, ehe er sie heim holet, Freiheit habe um sich etwas
zu verdienen, ut quaestum de corpore facitat^ welches ich
aber nicht gewiss weiss]
Falckner's ^^Curtettse Nachricht.''' 113
The 24th Question.
How do they marry, with- what ceremonies;^ and
whether they are polygamous.^'*
mHIS is the case, so far as is known to me ; still, with
suitable formality and order ; and it is a marvel
that less immorality is to be found among them (although
they almost always go naked, and have at all times greater
opportunity thereto), than among our European people,
where the severity of the laws, to say nothing of the Divine
command, cannot make the people as upright, and keep
them so, as those who are entirely without any laws.
The marriage ceremony is as follows : The man gives
the woman a deer's foot, which signifies that he will keep
her supplied with meat. The woman gives the man a
handful of corn or vegetables, which imports that she will
look after his bread and cooking. One man is permitted
to have two wives if he can support them, otherwise it is a
great reproach to them ; but not vice versa. By some it
is said that after a wench is engaged to a certain man, she
is afterwards, before he takes her home, at liberty to earn
something for herself, ut quaestimi di corpore Jactat,
which I however do not know for certain.
114 ^'^^ Pennsylvania- German Society.
SBon bcr 2Bt(ben i^rcr S^jrat^c unb UmBgang ?
R. /3r08(^§^ ift Iciii^t 3tt erlernen, öietoeil fie ni^t me^r
^ 2BiJrter, o(ö Tinge Mafien, ^^re Verba unö Nomina
l^oben toeöer Tempora no(| Numerum ; bie nniicrn fmö (outer
Nomina propria unö appellativa. ^n ^rntttngluno ber Copu-
larum, l^akn jie einige Hon öenen ©(^ttieöen unö anöern ongcs
nontmen, e. g. Ok. unö Ni.
Tttä R. fönnen fie nid^t au§)>reii^en. Sie reöen mel^r mit
i^ren ©efterlicn unö mit öem Affect, önnn mit ben SBorten,
btt^ero lier \t\\\%t, öcrmit i^nen rebet, unö bog, toorbon er rebet,
ßegentoortig fe^n mu§. 5((ö: Lanconti fogen fie, toonn fie
einem ettooS geben moüen, aber mon fie etmoS gegeben l^oben
tooffen, fie fiinnen feine S^iel^eit in i^ren (^eöonrfen leiben, unb
excolircn me^r bog Studium oblivionis, o(§ Scientiae & Memo-
riae, borumb ^oben fie nuii^ itirn Monumenta antiquitatis unter
fi^. SBonn ober etüioS unter i^ne foffe gcbod^t unb begotten
toerbe, fo nehmen fie i^r jungeg %M jufommen, unb bebeuten eS
i^nen, yxvi^ monn fie e§ ber SRü^e toert^ oi^ten, fo befefjkn fie
benenfelben, bo^ fie e§ in i^rem |o^en 5((ter i^ren Snngcn mieber
befehlen, yxxC^ einbrurfen mögen, ^n i^rem Umbgong xm\ mon
fi(| no(!^ i^rem Humeur riii^ten, unb feine i^reunbtifi^feit unb
ßo^cn mit ^rnft^oftigfeit bermifii^en, toeiten fie orgmö^nifd^ fmb
unb leiii^t gebenden, bo^ mon fie bero(]^te. Umb böttig S^ertrouen
bet| i^nen p erlongen unb ju erholten, ift c§ gut, bo^ mon fie ju
unfcrer SBo^nunge fommen loffe, fie nidjt o|ne (?ffen unb 2rnni!
ge^cn (offe, unb i^nen bigttieiten ettoog borfi^ieffe on gjulber,
Sle^, Xoborf. "^v:^ too fie ju 5(benb8 fommen, i^nen ^yre^^eit
onbiete, bei) bem ^^euer ju liegen, toonn mon bonn toieber ju
i|nen fommt, fo finb fie befto üebreii^er unb @nftfrct)er.
I Not in original MSS.
I^alchier's " Curicuse Nachricht.'''' 115
The 25th Question.
[Not in the original MSS.]
Of the Savages, their language and intercourse.
SUCH is easy to acquire, as they have no more
words than things. Their verbs and nouns have
neither tense nor numbers. The others are all proper
names and appellatives. In the absence of conjunctives
they have adopted several from the Swedes and others ex.
gr. Ok and Ni.
They cannot pronounce the letter R. They speak more
with gestures and their effect than with words, therefore,
anyone who speaks with them, and that about which he
speaks must be present. Thus they say Laconti^ when
they want to give one something, or when they want some-
thing given to them, they cannot endure any multiplicity
in their ideas, and cultivate more the study of forgetfulness
than that of knowledge and memory. Therefore, they
have no monuments of antiquity among them. But when
anything amongst them is to be commemorated and retained,
they gather their young people together and explain it unto
them, and when they deem it important enough, they com-
mand them, that in their old age they again impart and
impress it upon the youth.
In their intercourse, one must conform to their disposition,
and blend his affability and laughter with earnestness ; they
are suspicious and readily imagine that we disdain them.
To gain their perfect confidence and maintain it, it is
well to let them come to our habitations, and not to let
them leave without giving them eat and drink, and occa-
sionally advance them some Powder, Lead, Tobacco.
When they come in the evening, give them the liberty of
laying beside the fire, then when we come again to them,
they are even more friendly and hospitable.
ii6 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
OB fie '^^^ GJutc Belohnen, mib "^^^ ^öfc ftraffcn unb toic?
R. /rt 111^^8 unb S3ö)c§ ift bet) i^ncn 9latut uitö ©ctoo^n^cit,
^ unÖ |ot (cine getoiffe ©rängen [auser in alleräusers-
ten extremis] a(Ö in extremis vitiis. 51(8 Xolltfll^tttö, ^Ott-
Berc^ nnÖ [wie einige sagen] ^^eirui!^^ [nach ihrer art] Öie
fmö Capital, ber ^önig S^xx^i Öic Sentenz. [Doch können
sie der Zeit erwarten, biss der Thäter in ihre Gelegenheit
kommt, wo er sich nicht freiwillig einstellet. Die freund-
schafft dessen, der beleidiget, muss die Rache selbst, wo
sie kann und die andere Parthey nicht fürchtet, ausführen
es möchte denn seyn, dass der König Parthey nehme,
welcher gleichwohl zu allem den sentenz spricht.] ^ie
Selo^nnnß öeö ©utcn befielet in bem fRu^m, nnb in einem nn^
i§rem S^crrnößen, öeöentoöttigen ©efii^enrfe. ^ie Straffe befleißet
bclj öcm SBottc iieS tonigg : Sr^log i^n tobt ! toorp fir^ aui^
tier Reus leii^t bequemet, toeit \n i^r %t\t'\ nii^t ^oi| a^ten.
2)tc 27, %i^%t:
Sßptt i^rcm 9?cgtmcnt, o6 fic einen ^önig, ober tjiel
Könige, unb oB fic feinen nnbern SOIagiftrat, unb ber
Äönig feine Ministros, fonbern gan5 atteine
regiere ?
R- ({;S9l® Elution l^at untetf(^icii(i^e ,^öniöe, unb ein feßtifler
^ ^öniß feine 3>orne^mften, mit toeti^en er fi^ berntf^Iaßet,
ed fan aber nii^t teifi^t ein befferer Olat^ auSfommen M bed
2 Question XXV in MSS.
3 Question XXVI in MSS.
Falckner's ' ' Curieuse Nachricht.'''' 117
The 26th Question.
Do they reward the good, and punish the evil,
and how?
^^OOD and evil are with them nature and usage, and
\^^ have no certain boundaries except in the uttermost
extremes, such as homicide, sorcery and some say adul-
tery, which according to their manners are capital. Still
they can await the time when the culprit returns to their
locality. If he does not voluntarily surrender himself, the
kinsmen of such as were injured must execute the revenge
themselves, and must not fear the other party. It might
be then that the chief takes a part, whose sentence would
be binding upon all. The reward of the good consists in
glory and in presents, according to their means and con-
ditions.
The 27th Question.
Of their government. Have they one or many kings ;
have they any other magistates, and the king any
ministers, or do they rule absolutely alone .^
*^ I ' NATION has different kings, and each king has
f^ I ^ his principals, with whom he takes counsel, but
it is not easy to offer any better counsel than that of the
king, as will be seen in the next question. Therefore, his
word is as good as writ and deed. In public life king
and subjects live almost without distinction.-^ Every one
supports himself with hunting and fishing, etc.
ii8 The Pennsylvania- Gertnan Society.
ÄÖniö8, toic aug folöcnöcm toirÖ JU [C^cn jc^lt. [wie aus fol-
gender ^tcstion wird zu ersehen seyn] ^tt^cro i|t feilt
Sßort fo ßut ttlä ®i|ti|ft unb 2|at. Sm cuffcrlii^ctt 2^un ober
[bleiben] jinii öic Röntge unö Untert^anen fajt einer toie ier
onöcre, jeöcr nö^ret fti^ mit Sage« «nö i^ifii^ctt jc.
^cöer Äönig |err[(^et über ein ßemiffcö ©tiirf 8ttniie§, nnö
finö eitel SBa^ls^önigrei^e, Vixiis wu^ ein ^önig fe^n öcr bejte
^ößer, unö öer Kitgjte 3Jlonn, fo öen beften ^otl^ geben fan.
^eö Äönig§ ÜBßort mirö absolut tJoUjogen, i)0(| ift er felbft öer
erfte ier feinen SBefe^t t§ut. ^ie ©eöienung ift toon iienen anöern
nid^t unterf(^ietien, nnb i^at teinen Seäienten, auffer fo er ^yeintie
^t, fo fte^en i§m feine llntert^anen p ©ebott, nnb bleiben in
feiner ^üitM be^ i^m. ^r conferirt mit öen Mgften toom
^M, mann etmag mii^tigeS gu berat^fi!^(agen ift. SBann der
^anm eS juläffet, fo fitzen fie ringg umb tiaS «yeuer U'^vx ^önig.
^a8 JBcrmögen feiner Untert|ttnen i|t fo gnt atg iio§ ©eine, tiod^
fordert er nii^tö öon i^ncn, nnö iie§ f önigö S>ermögen ift fo gut,
M more eg öer Untert^anen. ©i§mei(en bringen Die Unters
tränen etmag bon i^rem @e(öe, meli^eg fie 2Bom|ion nennen, unö
fdgmar^ unb mei^ ift, mie eine %xi tion Si^meli;, ober (angleii^ten
@(a§s^atter(cn, mie gef(|nittcncr §eiferling, melji^eg @elb aui^
be^ bencn @uro|ittern gilt, Vi\(^ Lagio öarauf gegeben mirb ; fie
fogen aber nir^t, mie fie eg mn^en.
SBann fie ferne auf bie ^agt gelten, ober in ben Streit jie^en,
fo fte^et eg '^tixtn SiBeibern fre^ meti^e mit ge^en moDfen, bor bie
ttber, fo jn §aufe bleiben, orbnct ber Äönig etlid^e 9Jiänner, ba^
fie SBilb bor bie Hinterbliebene fd^ieffen unb fie berforgen.
^n geringem delictis fongen fie on mi^ ©elbftroffen ju gcs
braud^en.
Item monn ein 9Wann ftirbet, ber bo fd^utbig ift, fo bejoi^Tet
bie i^reunbfd^aft für i^n, meilen fie fi(| ni(^t motten fd^im|iffen
laffen. ^o(^ ^ixiitxi fie umb ©ebutt.
Falckner's *■'■ Cur ieuse Nachricht.'''' 119
Every king rules over a certain piece of territory, which
is merely an elective kingdom, for a king must be the best
hunter and the wisest man who can give the best advice.
The king's word is absolutely obeyed, although he, him-
self, is the first to execute his own commands. His sur-
roundings do not differ from the others, and he has no
servants except when he has enemies, then all of his sub-
jects are at his command, and remain in their huts near
him. He confers with the wisest amongst his people when
anything important is to be considered. Whenever the space
permits they all sit around the fire with the king. The
belongings of his subjects are as good as his, although he
does not ask for them, and the king's property is the same
as if it were that of the subjects. Sometimes the subjects
bring him some of their money ; this they call ivanifum. It
is white and black, like a kind of enamel or lengthy glass
pearling like cut chaff. This money also passes with the
Europeans, and a premium is given for it ; they will, how-
ever, not tell how they make it.
When they go upon an extended chase, or go upon the
warpath, it is optional with the women if they want to go
along. For such however as remain at home, the king
orders divers men to remain and shoot game and provide
for them.
For minor offences they also begin to impose fines of
money.
Item, when a man dies, who is in debt, his kinsfolk pay
for him, as they do not wish to be disgraced. Yet they
pray for indulgence.
I20 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Söörinncn bcr ^önig tion anbcrn uittcrf Rieben f e^ in ^(ct=
bung? So^nung? euffcrli^cr Autorität k.
R. (^5(S bornc^mftc, toc((|cg iicn ^onig tion feinen Unters
^ t^oncn untcrf(|eitict, finb fo((^c Ounütätcn, öie fie bor
foniicrtii^ n^tcn aI8 ; dr mu^ fe^n ber ÜBßciKJte unö ^efi^irflir^s
jtc, ftori!, unö iicr kfte Säßcr, btt|er ift i|r ^önigreii^ aud^ nii^t
er6(iii^. ^i^toeiren ijit fetn, unb feinet äBeik3 ®i^mu(f ettoaS
kffcrä tt(§ öcr onöcrn, unö kjitel^et cißcnttiil önrinncn, iia^ fie
il^rc 5(rt (^C(äc§ [welches eine von uns unbekanten Dingen
zusammengeschmolzene materie ist, die sie wamfon nen-
nen] tiiic ^cr(en no^ kr ©li^tttticrung pfommen f^euren, XixC^
entmeöer auf öcm Äo|)ffe, a(§ eine ^rone, oöer anf öie ©rnft,
oöer [wie nichts minder] nmb liie ^rnx'-^^'^^t ein|i(e(!§ten.
[Das Vermögen der Unterthanen ist so gut, als wäre es
des Königs, und seines so gut als ihres, wiewohl keiner
von dem andern etwas begehret.] 2ie§ «^önigS Autorität
ge^et iikr offc8, nnö fein ©efe|( toirö o^ne exception respectiret,
Jiodj ift er fetbjt tier erfte, tier feinen !@efe^( au^ri^tet.
2){c 29. S-rcgc/
2ßic bcttcn Söilbctt einige fünfte unb Söiffenft^aften 6et|=
5nlJringen?
R. aij.9(9l wx\ i^nen öaSjenige k^firingen, toorjn fie [solche
**^^ müssen ihnen beygebracht werden, darzu sie nicht
nur] i^rer 9latur nnö 9leignng no(!^ incliniren, m^ öie fünfte,
4 Question XXVII in MSS.
5 Question XXVIII in MSS.
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Falckner's ^'•Cttrieuse Nachricht,'''' 121
The 28th Question.
Wherein the King differs from the others in dress,
habitation, outward authority, etc.
mHE superiority in which the king differs from his
subjects are such qualities as they specially ad-
mire. Thus he must be the wisest among them, as well
as the bravest, most expert and powerful hunter. There-
fore, the king is wealthy and the office is not inheritable.
Occasionally his and his wives' adornments are somewhat
better than the others, and represent his wealth. They
have a kind of money, which is composed of materials
unknown to us and fused together ; this they call wam-
■pum^'^ and string like pearls according to the shading. It
is worn either upon the head as a crown, or upon the
chest, for nothing more or less than to braid in their queus.-^
The belongings of the subject are the same as if they were
the king's, and his as well as theirs, although no one asks
anything from another. His authority is absolute over all,
and his commands are respected without exception. Yet
he is among the first to execute his own commands.
The 29th Question.
How to introduce some of the arts and sciences
among the savages.
BUCH only must be communicated to them toward
which they are inclined by their nature and habits,
and such as are not prejudicial to the Europeans. Among
122 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Öic öcnen ^uro^crii nit praejudicirlii^ finti, tt(g [also untem
andern die vornehmsten sind:] M^^tXt% [und] 9Äu|it
[sondern auch dadurch man desto naher zu dem rechten
Zweck bey ihnen gelangen und zum wenigsten etliche der
ihrigen zu einer andern Sprache in lesen und schreiben
gewohnen könne] UttÖ Sl^tcibctC^, toOtÖUt^ Wail fic ttttt teidjs
tcftcn 3tt einer anöcrn 8^raii^e öetoö^nen fon. S9ßo bcneknS
mon fie bnrii^ aller^anb offtma^tS toieöet^ottc Sorfung, nnü
frcnniili^e ^orrei^nng bcr Siebe, an fii^ jie^en nin^, öoi^ fic
nii^t ottju feft Ratten, ütt^ fie suspicircn fönnen, 06 motte man fie
in i^rer i5tet)|eit einfjl^ranrfen, öielme^ro i^ten ©emiit^etn yxux
fommen, e^e [und bevor] fie eineg ^ingeg ntübe toetöcn.
2!or3u aber toeröen Sente etforüctt, öie fonft nit^tö nnDerö ju
t§un ^aben.
Sie 30. Srage;
Sic i^ncn ctttia einige Principia generalia Religionis
kl)5uBrtngcn ?
R. gr\W9l man nnr erft einige berfelben onf \^m ongeregte
"ö^ gnte ©rüntie gebrockt ^at, öaj? fie öic (^ngUfr^e oöer
2entfi|e ®|jro(!|e lernen tierfte^en, öonn fann man fie anf öie
©rfonntnu^ @otte§, nar^ öen SBerifcn öer erften @t^ö|>ffnng
führen, nnö fie öarinnen be^ tttgli(|en llmbgong befräfftigen, bi|
^^ii [weiter gelegenheit ihnen ein mehres anzuvertrauen
zeiget] fie toeiterS er(en(i|tet.
« Question XXIX in MSS.
Falckner^s ^^Curieuse JVachricht." 123
others the principal ones are music and painting ; we
should seek thereby to come closer with them toward our
true object, and induce a few at least to learn to read and
write another language. Moreover, we should seek to
draw them to us by all kinds of repeated friendly allure-
ment and offerings of love ; being careful not to hold
them so fast as to arouse their suspicion, as if we wanted
to curtail their liberty, but rather to anticipate their wishes,
before they tire of anything. For this purpose persons
will be needed who have naught else to do.
The 30th Question.
How to introduce among them some of the general
principles of religion.^^
IF some of them could only have been brought up on
the already mentioned lines, so that they understood
the English or German tongue, then we could lead them
to a knowledge of God through the story of the first crea-
tion, and then by daily intercourse strengthen them, until
God grants us further opportunity to show them greater
confidence.
124 ■^'^^^ Pennsylvania- Gertnan Society.
Sie 31. Stage;
2ötc man i^ncn realiter ^^^ rct^tft^affcnc Söcfcn cinc^
(J^riftcn our 5lugcn ftctlen fönnc, ba^ t^ucn ba§ Sit^t
in bic 5lugcn (cnt^tc, nnb einige guntfen in
i^rem @emüt^ emetfe.
R. grv5(9l9l i)ie uor^ergc^cnUc [XXVIII und XXIX] « f^toöcn
'ö? ttio^( practicirt tooröctt finö, o(§Öantt toirö «ion tx^
Xt<k^\. abfcfjcn, toic [man diese Frage beantworten soll] fcmci
3U procedircn.
S)ie 32. Si^atje;
SBie man meinet, bag "tsxt Silben in Americam fommcn
nnb 501 ar 'tsxt nnterftS^ieblic^e Nationes ?
R- Ä^crUott finö nnterf^iebüii^e SüRcinungcn. [welche denen
<5r studio geogra^hico geübten besser bekant sind als
mir] ©et) un§ i^ält tttttu öarfür, ba^ öic Subifd^c Snötttiicr bon
Africa l^crübcr fommcn. ^ic 9lorbif(i^cn öon bcncn Insulis
Azoribus ober (^(aniirifi^ctt 3n|«fn. ^ic attcn ©rotticr ober
JBritonnicr tooUcn [glaubwürdig] ktocifen, ba^ bor cttoan mc^r
tt(§ 1000. ^0§rcn ein [einer oder zwey von ihren damaligen
König söhnen] gjttor i^rer ^ötttöSs^ö^nett (nai^bem il§rc
ÄÖnigIi(^C (yomiütt fofit gro^ toorbcn) [umb neues Land,
welches man nahe bey zu finden vermeinet,] fiii^ mit einigen
i^ren llntert^anen pr See kgeben, unb [endlich] in Arme-
niam Septentrionalem [angekommen sei] geft^iffet^ ba^em
be^ bcnen v^nbtanern nod^ eine fonberbal^re 9lation befinb(i(^,
' Question XXX in MSS.
* Alludes to questions in original MSS.
ä Question XXXI in MSS.
Falckner's '■'■Curieuse Nachricht.'''' 125
The 31st Qiiestion.
How one could properly place before them the true,
righteous nature of a christian, so that the light
would shine into their eyes, and divers
sparks awaken their nature.
AFTER the 29th and 30th questions have been well
practiced, then we shall readily see how this
question should be answered.
The 32nd Question.
How it is supposed that the savages came to America
and in particular the different nations.
* i^-J EREUPON there are different opinions, which are
, 1 ^ known better to such as are versed in geographical
studies than to me.^'' With us, we hold that the southern
Indians ^^ came over from Africa, the Northern Indians
from the Azores, or Flemish Islands. ^^ The ancient Gauls
or Britons claim to have trustworthy proof that more than
one thousand years ago one or two sons of the then reign-
ing king (after the royal family had grown up) with a
number of their subjects set out to sea, to discover new
lands, which it was thought would be found nearby.
Eventually they reached North America.^ This appears
all the more probable, as there is said to have been found
126 The Pennsylvania- Ger 7nan Society.
toelf^c Hie a(te C^ratttfi^e unl) Srttannift^e 8|)rai|e no^ tetieit
foff. [welches dahero fast glaubwürdig ist, weil sich eine
Nation der Indianer findet welche die alte Gallische oder
Britische Sprache auf eine gebrochene doch kentliche
weise reden soll. Von welcher sache mir bey meiner
wiederkunfft schriftliche Zeugnisse und alte monumenta
aufzuweisen versprochen worden.]
2)ic 33. ^mge."
2ßie bcttCtt Söilbctt bic ^cutf^c ober ^ngüft^c <S|jrat^c
kt)5u6nngcn ?
R. r(f?vIESE Frage] ^jt bercitg [Qiiestion XXVIII] ^^ oben
L-^ beantloartet, unti fönntc [dieses wäre noch hinzuzu-
fügen dass] aui!^ iiurr^ fromme §cnlieISs8cute [welche der
wilden spräche erst wohl gelernet ein grosser Beytrag
geshehen könte, wann man nur die rechte stange zu halten
wüste] ein ßroffeö in freunöli^cr Conversation ktigetragen
tiieriien, öor^ müjte e§ öurii^ !eine anöere gefi^e^en, tt(Ö nur iiurii^
Öie jenißen, toetii^e offeine jur @^re ®ottc§ an i^nen ctmoS ten-
tiren motten.
S)ic 34. Srogc."
DB ntt^t kl) i^rcn ^inbcrn ful^c^ angeln ?
R. ^S@ ^inber finb niemo^(§ o^ne bie Altern, noii^ tie
^ Altern o^ne öie dinier, toei(en |ie eine redete Riffen;
ßicbe jufammen l^nben : [deswegen man diesen Vortheil an
»0 Question XXXII in MSS.
»1 Question XXVIII in MSS.
»2 Question XXXIII in MSS.
Falckner's '•'•Curieuse Nachricht y 127
a tribe of Indians, who still speak the Gallic or British
tongue in a broken yet recognizable way. In regard to
this matter, written proof and old documents are promised
me upon my return.^
The 33rd Question.
How to introduce the German or English tongue
among the savages.
mHIS question has already been answered in Question
29. We may add, however, that perhaps, by aid
of pious tradespeople, who have learned the language of
the savage, great knowledge might be gained how to bridle
them.^^ However, this must and can be done by none
save such as are willing to strive somewhat for God's glory.
The 34th Question.
Would such be possible with their children.?
mHE children are never away from their parents, nor
the parents without their children, as they have a
foolish fondness for their children. ^^ Therefore, to gain
128 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
ihnen zu haben eine Colonic in der nähe ihrer meisten
Heymath und cours anlegen müsste, so könte man jung
und alt immer itcratis vicibus an sich locken.] !9lüfte «tOtt
alfo eine Coloniam nä^er 3U i^nen bauen, ba^ man nä^er k^
i^nen toarc, unö S««6C unÖ 5(Itc per quotidianam consuetu-
dinem iteratis vicibus an fiji^ jic^cn fiintc.
S)ic 35. Sragc."
D6 nit^t fromme S^cutft^e bort i^re ^inbcr mit 5reunb=
Iid)!cit an fid) Ratten, «nb fic bcrgeftalt ^ur.S^ra^c
anleiten fönnen.
R- ^S^®^® toörc Wcjr [vor ein wunder göttlicher
^ Schickung zu achten] ttl§ ctnc SBnnicrft^irfung ©Ots
tc§, bann [vor eine zulässliche möglichkeit ihrer natur und
art] c8 i^rcr 9latttr unb 5lrt l^alkr unmöönd^.
2)ie 36. grage."
OB i^nen nit^t anf folt^e Söeife gnte Principia Timoris
Dei ki)5nBringen, barauf norfi ferner nat^ nnb nac^
©tttei^ 5n eröanen?
R- (^5^^® i^t^ttßc ift au8 tjor^crgc^cnbcn aUf^on Bcanttoor-
'^ tct [welchem ich über das Excmfcl der Prcshyte-
riancr in JVczu England noch dieses beyf üge : Es wohnt ein
" Question XXXIV in MSS.
" Question XXXV in MSS.
Falckners ^'■Curieuse Nachricht.'' 129
any advantage a colony would have to be located near
their most populous places ; then both young and old might
be iteratis vtcibiis, tempted to come to us.
The 35th Question.
Whether devout Germans there could by friendliness
attach their children unto them, and in such
manner induce them to learn the lansuase ?
tTtHAT, according to their nature and habits, would be
JJL^ more of a miracle of Divine dispensation than an
admissible possibility.
The 36th Question.
Whether in this manner good piHncipia timoris Dei
might not be impressed upon them, whereupon
to gradually build good results ?
mHIS refers to that which has preceded, to which I
will add the following, against the example set by
the Presbyterians in New England. There lives in East
130 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Bauer aus Holstein bürtig in Ost Jersey, welcher nachdem
re der Indianischen spräche wohl kundig, dieselben ohne
Rede zum guten anweiset und weil sie durch seine Liebe
und freywillige Aufnahme eine sehr gute fcrstuision von
ihm haben, so sind viele ihm gehorsam und wann er sie
um des bösen halber gegenwärtig bestrafet, thun sie es
hernach nicht mehr, welches ich glaubwürdig gehöret.]
ÖU tottöett raffen fi«| nir^t fo ticff in Conversation ein, inbemc
fie öic ©^rai^en nic^t Uerfte^en.
DB nit^t auf bicfc Sßcifc burt^ bic ^inbcr aut^ bic Eliten
5U gewinnen ?
R. (\%% ttui| in keöen t)or^eröc^c«öen kanttoottet. [Alt
<\5 und jung, jung und Alt, wie es die Göttliche Pro-
videnz in ihrer ewigen Erbarmung ausweisen wird das
ist gewiss ; wo ernstlich einige zu solchen umständen ge-
bracht dann sollen sie selbst am geschicktesten seyn,
Gottes werk unter ihrer Nation zu würcken, und von daher
würde man auch eine Gelegenheit haben, andern Nationen
beyzukommen.
^« Question XXXVI in MSS.
Falckner's ^'•Curteuse JVachrickt." 131
Jersey a farmer born in Holstein, who, after becoming
well versed in the Indian tongue, directs them without
many words to that which is good ; and as they have a
very good opinion of him through his love and voluntary
welcome, many obey him, and when he chides them for
transgressions or evildoing, they do not repeat it hereafter.
All of which I have learned from trustworthy sources.
The savages do not enter deeply into conversation as they
do not understand the language.
The 37th Question.
Could we not in this manner reach the Elders
through the children.^
• 1^ AS been answered in the two preceding ones. Old
, * y and young — young and old — just as divine prov-
idence in its everlasting mercy will demonstrate. Certain
it is, where a few firstlings can be brought to such condi-
tions, then they would be best qualified to spread the word
of God among their nation, whereby we should have an
opportunity to introduce it to other nations.
132 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Sie 38. grage;^
2Bic bic 2Bt(bctt jc^t i^rcn Cultum galten, toa§ ftc m-
ktcn, tote ftc o^ffcrn?
R. 0|\ATER Hennepius l^ot ^iettJOtt gcfl^ruben, [Davon kan
'^ unter Pater Hennef ins Beschreibung nachgelesen
werden] aBcr attöctc Scriptores t^un öcncn ;Sttöittncrn ^u bic(,
tottttrt fic öorgcbctt, atö 06 fic manifeste öcn 2cu|fc( anbeteten,
Ott jie bo^ feine ©Uöer nor§ ©ö^en (eiöen. [noch haben]
Item tt(§ 06 [dass] jie ftetS JOlenfi^cn fräffen, [welches man
so nimmt, als ob sie allezeit menschen ässen so viel sie der-
selben bekämen, da doch dieses nur ein Krieges recht bey
ihnen, indem sie glauben, dass man sich an seinen Fein-
den nicht rächen könne, so sey denn, dass man sein Fleisch
frässe, deswegen sie aus allen in Streit gefangenen Toden
3 von den fettesten und fleischigsten zum Dankopfer vor
dem Sieg und sich selbst zur satisfaction genommener
revanche braten und essen] Ott e§ ÖOt^ nnt ntt^ erobertem
Kriege ttn i^ren f^fitiöfit ju einer ^n^e gef^ie^et, de quo postea.
Sonden i|t i^r Cultus ein grober l^e^önifri^er Manichaeismus :
S^on einem guten unö böfen ^^W. JKon einem tottrmen yxxi^
!tt(ten Sttnbe, Ott öer 9Jlenfr^ nttii^ feinen i^vXtw olier böfen Meriten
linmantiere, tottun er nii^t me^r ^ier fe^.
" Question XXXVH in MSS.
Falckner's '■'•Curieuse Nachricht''' 133
The 38th Question.
How the savages now keep their cult, what they
worship, and as to their sacrificial rite.
m HEREOF we may read among other descriptions
that of Pater Henfiesius }'' However, writers and
readers charge them with too much, when they intimate
that the Indians manifestly worship the devil, as they
neither have nor tolerate any idols or pictures. Item, that
they are Cannibals, which is taken as if they ate human
beings at all times or as often as they could get them.
This is merely done as a martial duty,^ with them, as they
believe that one cannot revenge himself completely upon
his enemies unless their flesh be eaten. Therefore they
always sacrifice two or three of their fattest and plumpest
prisoners as a thankoffering for their victory; and, for
their own self-satisfaction in having gained their revenge,
roast and eat them. Otherwise their cult is a coarse
heathenish Mantchcetsin of a good and evil deity and of a
warm and cold country, whereto the being wanders accord-
mg to his good or bad merits, when he is here no longer.
134 "^^^^ Pennsylvania- German Society.
2>ic 39, Si^agc."
SBtc fie tjor^itt gcIcBct, e^c bic ©uro^ftcr ^incin fommcn ?
R. /äS3@91 fo toic nun, nur iia§ i^rcr cine gtöffcrc SJlcngc qcs
^ tocfcu, unö i^tcg ©ottcSöienfitcg öiet ciffcdöcr abgetoats
\ti [also nun] öo^cro öic 2>crjitttnMö|itc unter i^nen öiefe Äße
führen : Unfere Generation lekt nic^t me^r fo ^v\, tt(§ unfere
^arfa^ren.
2)ic 40. gragc;"
Söaig fie tt«tt öott bcncn ^uru^äcrn angcttommctt ?
R. /ttll^^S unö ©öfe§. ^tne mehrere öeutfeüöfcif, unü
^ Segieröe affer^onö Bleuel ju fc^en, uuö oaffelbige ntt(^s
juniaj^en. [Einige] 9ltti| unjcrer %xi mit Surfen ju fii^ie|fcn,
[werk machen um] öeu öeib jU beöetfen, [allerhand unter-
schied von Dingen, von Kanfmannswaaren und Geld etc.]
©elbje^Ien, ©ul^effen, ©raniittieins unö ©ier trinrfen, ©etoür^s
effen, unÖ Sd^toeinefleifli^ effen, [der gleichen sie vorhero nicht
gehabt] öal^ero fie unfern ^ronf^eitcn untertöorfen jc. [und
sterben] auii^ öomeku niri^t me^r fo frut^tbar fmii, atö fie tjors
Ijero maren. ilBcti^eg aller 9lattonen Mttii^ ein na^äenfü^eg
[nachdrückliches] Nota Bene fe^u folte, Ött^ fie nir^t lei^t
i|re %vii [in einem frembden Lande fahren lassen] fai^reu
(äffen, unti fiil^ m tiie %xi frembtier ^nfömlinge geUiö^nen fotten.
»' Question XXXVIII in MSS.
" Question XXXIX in MSS.
Falckner's ^^Curteuse Nachricht " 135
The 39th Question.
How they lived prior to the advent of the Europeans.
^^UST the same as now, only that their numbers were
I much greater, and they were much more zealous in
their worship than now. Consequently the wise ones
among them have the same plaint that one now hears
everywhere: "That our generation does not live as well
as our ancestors."
The 40th Question.
What they have adopted from the Europeans.
m
OOD and evil : A more humane disposition to see
all sorts and manners of what is new, and to imi-
tate the same. Thus some want to shoot with the rifle
according to our manner; others make cloth ^^ to cover
their bodies ; they learn all kinds of distinctions in mer-
chandize, money, etc., the eating of salt; the drinking of
brandy and beer; the eating of spices, also pork and the
like, which they never had before. By all these things
they were subjected to our diseases and death ; further
they are likewise not nearly so prolific as they were form-
erly, which should be a fair and forcible warning ^^ to all
people that they should not readily abandon their own diet
in a foreign land, and adopt that of strange nations.
136 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
2)ie 41. Stage."
SBon bcr Silben i^rcn (Surcn unb ^ranrf Reiten?
1. R. gij5(9m fie Sicbcrif^c 5(ttftöffc ^okn, oöcr fi^ nij^t
SaSoffct, unJi trittifctt c§ in flroffct: SKcngc, binbcn pr^ uuifi öen
Sciö unö tojiff mit Stnrfcn oug toitöcn ^onff.
2. 8ic [(^toi^cn auf fofgcnk 5(tt : Sic wailctt cine tticöriöc
^ütte, |o ^o(^ iia^ )"ic «ur öarinncn fi^cit fönncn, kbcrfcn jic H^
ttuf bic @riic mit ©aumsOünöcn unö mit Reffen, unU mai^cn
l^crauffctt i)or bcr glitten cttirfjc ßlücnöc Steine, öte ttoöen fie in
m. Öo(*^ in ber glitten, fe^en fii^ iiarükr, unö fc|toi^en |'o violent
unö jtarrf, öa^ öie §riic nntcr i|nen na^ toirb, fo unmögtiii^ öon
einem @uro|iäet auggeftaniien toertien fan. SlBann fie nun genug
gefi^mikt. fo lauffen fie ^eraug nnb f|iringen in einen falten
löo(^, öamit fiuii ^e curirt.
3. Sie l^aöen eine SBurkl. fo öic (©(i^fangen tiertreibet,
meiere fie an bag !@ein btntien, unt) tauffen Iiamit äurd^ kn
SSalÖ, unJj nehmen feinen Si^aben bon Si^Iangen. §aben fie
aber öiefe SSurljet nii^t, unö toeriien öon Sf^tangen gebiffen, fo
fr^nciöen fie g(ei(^ öen S3i^ ouä öem %\t\\^,
4. @ef(^tou(ften, fyüiffe, ^crrentfungen Her ©Heiler ju curiren,
tia laffen fte e§ btuten, unti fi|neitien mit einem f^arffen Stein,
alg ein ^füntcnftein öie §ttut iiurr^, o^ne Ho^ fie eine 5llier Her*
teilen, meli^cg fie too^ ju untcrfi^eiiicn toiffen, unö l^atten iia§
(^HieH be^ öa§ ^cucr, unii nehmen ein §o(^, fii^aben iiamit öag
©(ut ab, öa^ e§ nitljt gerinnen fon, bi§ e§ nu^gebtutet l^at, öonn
maff^en fte tiie SBuntien mit SBaffer ab, unti ^aben gcmiffe SBur^:
e(n, ötcfe quetfi^en fie jtoift^en jtiieti Steine, unö legen fie mit
menigen grünen ÜBlättern über, }ia§ ^e^tet in einer 9la^t.
19 Not among the original Questions.
Falckner's '■'■Curieuse Nachricht.'''' 137
The 41st Question,
(The following eight questions do not appear in the
original MSS.)
Concerning the diseases and cures of the Savages.
1. When they have feverish attacks, or do not feel well,
they boil the black hulls of nuts" in water and drink large
quantities of it, and bind themselves about the abdomen
and head with bands of wild hemp.
2. They sweat themselves in the following manner, they
build a low hut, just high enough to permit them to sit
upright, they cover it down to the ground with bark and
skins, they then heat some stones outside to a red heat,
and place them in a hole within the hut, and then sit over
them causing them to sweat so powerful and violently as to
wet the earth beneath them, which would be impossible
for any European to endure. When they have sweated
sufficiently, they run out and plunge into a cold stream. ^^
Then they are cured.
3. They have a root which drives away the snakes, this
they bind about their legs, and run through the woods,
and receive no injury from the snakes. However, if they
have none of this root, and are bitten by the snakes, they
immediately cut the bite out of the flesh.
4. To cure swellings, humors or sprains (dislocations)
of the limbs they let them bleed and cut with a sharp stone,
generally a piece of flint, through the skin, without injur-
ing any artery, which they well know how to distinguish^
they then hold the member near the fire, and with a piece
of wood scrape off the blood that it cannot coagulate, until
it has ceased bleeding, then they wash the wound, with,
water, and have certain roots which they bruise between
138 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
5. SBttnit fie S^iffcrit in öic ^^ii^ gctrcttcn l^abcn, fo f(^nci;
ictt fie eg «tit einem 9Jleffer xtvx ttuö, unö fj^mieren öon 8(^(ans
gen:|^ett tiie ä^uniien, unli l^eitenS toiekt.
6. JBor innerliji^e ^«ftöniie effcit fie üie Heine ©eiärmc fo x^xi
%t\i bemad^fen, ton tenen jungen X^ieren.
2ßa§ bic SSilbctt für ^rtcg fu^reti ?
R- (f>kS^ SBitöen l^aben fe(ten i^riebe, unö toerben toon i^ren
^ eigenen Stationen nngefoi^ten, unö fönncn öie Urformen
t)on geringet l^eindfi^offt hergenommen meriien^ oiier auii§, toann
fte einander v^ äaS ^tWti^t iag^n.
S^r (^cr^ten gefi^ir^t erfttiii^ in einjeten ^jJort^e^en, im SRann
unti 19^ann oder 2. 3. mit einander fi^lagen, und foti^eS mit
Sogen, 5(e|ten, ^o^ren, fylinten, und t^un folr^eö gemeinigUr^
auf der ^agt, da nei^men fie einander gefangen, und derfauffen
die (Befangene. S!&ann fii^ akr die Sl^iderUtärtige famme(n,
und fie eine @i!^tarfjt ©rdnung maii^en, 80 tretten fie in einen
G^rei^, da^ der ^eind auf offen Seiten i^rc 5(ngefij]§ter fe^cn
!an, und mann einer todt gefi^offen toird, oder Heffirt, fo ftoffen
fic folji^en in den (^rei§ hinein, und maiJ^en den Grai^ enger.
SBann fie befangene befomen, fo der!ouffen fie ein Stürf 2. 3.
der i^ettcften, und katen fie, und effen fie, )sit\{txi äffe Südli^c
Sttdiauer glauben, da man fi(j^ m feinem ifeindc ni^t kffer
rä^en Xm\t, e§ fet) dann da^ man fein ^yfeifii^ freffe, pma^ fie
au(| dag ?5reif^ i^re§ gteit^en p^er or^ten M offc§ SBitdkctt,
ttu8 der llrfari^en, da^ die ^^rige nit^t fat^igt, fondern gan^
füffe find, da hingegen die ^ngcffönder und iyranjofen fe^r faltig
und ungef(!^maif mären.
Falckner's ^'•Curieuse Nachricht y 139
two stones, and lay upon it with some green leaves, this
heals in a single night.
5. When they run any splints into their feet, they cut
the wound out clean with a knife, and smear snake fat in
the wound, then it heals.
6. For internal conditions, they eat the small sebaceous
intestines of young animals.
The 42nd Question.
The warfare of the Savages.
«^ »HE savages are seldom at peace, and are attacked
X^y by their own kind, the causes may arise from trifling
enmities or when they trespass in the chase upon each
others territory.
Their fighting in the first instance consist of small parties,
where man fights with man, or two or three battle with
one another, this they do with bows, axes, guns and rifles,
and it generally occurs when they are out upon the chase,
they also make captives and sell the prisoners. When,
however, their opponents gather, and they form an order
of battle, they arrange themselves in a circle, so that upon
all sides their faces are turned toward the enemy and when
one is shot dead or wounded, they draw within the circle,
thus making it smaller. When they take any prisoners,
they sell two or three of the fattest to be roasted and eaten,
as all Southern Indians believe that one can have no greater
revenge upon their enemies, than by eating their flesh, at
the same time they regard the flesh of the natives better
than all venison, for the reason that the savage meat is not
salty but good and sweet, while upon the other hand, that
of the Englishman and French is very salty and tasteless.*^
140 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Sic bc&icncn \\^ allcr^anö -^ncggliftc, i^rc ^yciitiic yx iiicrs
toinHcn, fo too^I cittjclc, olö mit ganzen ^Part^c^cn. ^injck,
Jia§ fie observircn öie Sßcegc öcr ^^^att^cljcn, locil fic fotri^cg ges
nott observircn fdnncn auö öcn «träurfjcn unö ©ra^, auö üic(s
(|cm fic Qcttii^ abnehmen fonncn, ob ein 9Jlann oiicr fytau, ein
kxxC^, ein ^uro^äer oticr SBi(i)er tiaritder gangen.
Item ftcigcn fie in ber 9laii^t anf öie ^o^en Serge, nnö fc^en
l^ier nnö öor ^in, too fie ^ener nnö §otl^ gctoa^r toeröen, öarnarf)
ge^en fie jn, unö fommen an öcr anbern Seiten tiom %tvitx iljncn
anf ben ßeib, nnö tobten oöer frfjicffen fie toann fie fri^laffen (gegen
iiie i^art^c^cn gebraui^en fie den Sorted, öa^ fie fie in tiie @nge
treiben, öamit fie fie fönnen gefangen nehmen, llnö toeilcn öic
t^ronjofen etlij^c befe^rct ^aben, öic nun öen Sonntag fel|ren, fo
fommcn iiic antiern, fo feinen Sonntag fct)ern, unä überfaden fie.
Sie 43> Srage.
2^on bcr Sßilbcn i^rcn cigcntH^cn ^auPaltcn ?
R. (\§0l^ SBo^nnng ift an feinem bejtanüigcn Orte, önrumb
xf au^ i^rc ^au^jattung beränberiit^, öa^ §on^ ift bi^;
toeiten an einem aften (iegenkn !!Baum gemadjt, toann e§ aber
ein gant^ei ift, fo fte^et c§ fre^, ift aber nur 9Jtttnng |o(^, in öer
SJlittcn ^\txi ift eg offen, öa^ öer ^\m^ iie§ Venera, fo SWitten
in ber ^iiitw ift, tjinauö jiefjcn fan. 2)ie §ittten ift mit Olins
licn Hon JBöumen jugeöetft, unö ring§ ^erum mit öcrgteit^en tiers
toafjret, intoeniiig ^aben fie e§ mit StroO, oöer mit langem ©rafc
umbfel^et, etü^e moifjcn S^a^e^ere^en Don gefärbtem Stro^, nnö
3iercn i§r §au§, tocli^eg in ifjrcr Sprai^ SBirftoam |eiffet.
vim faft öa^ fie aufferfjalb öeö #aufeö ergriffen toeröen ^m
einem Stegen, nehmen fic eine bet) fid) ^abeniie l^eife, f^annen fic
Falckner's '■'■Curieuse Nachricht. ^^ 141
They use all kinds of stratagem to overcome their ene-
mies, whether single or in parties. Singly, they examine
the tracks of parties and by the accurate observation of
the bushes and grass, can tell positively whether it was a
man, woman or child, European or Savage had passed
over the ground. Likewise, they climb high mountains
at night, and spy about, here and there, to catch sight of
any fire in the woods. Then they approach from the
other side of the fire, attack, and kill or shoot them, while
they are asleep. Against parties they take advantage to
hem them in, so that they may capture them. And now
as the French have converted divers of them, who now
keep the Sabbath, such as do not keep the Sabbath sur-
prise and attack them upon that day. ,
The 43d Question.
Of the domestic life of the savages.
YnpYHEIR dwellings are in no settled place and their
J 1 [ housekeeping is variable. It is occasionally made
against an old fallen tree, but when it is a complete one,
it stands clear, but is only the height of a man. It is open
in the middle, so that the smoke of the fire, which is in the
center of the hut, may escape. The huts are covered with
the bark of trees and are thus protected, the interior is
lined with straw or long grasses, some weave mats out of
colored straw to ornament their huts, which in their lan-
guage they call a wickwam. If they are overtaken by a
rain when away from home, they take a mat, which they
carry, and stretch it out like a roof, and sit under it, or
142 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
aug toie ein ^ad^, una feigen fii^ iiaruntcr, oticr ma^en ein gro^
^t'ixtx, unti toerffen atter^an}) fau( §ol^ darauf, äa^ eS Diet 9taui|
gibt, (egen fiii^ an äiefelbige leiten, t)a tier Wv\^ iien Oiaui|
l^inme^et, fo jert^eitet tier 9taui^ tien Oiegen, unit tiag, toag nod^
auf fie fällt, ift tiuri^ tien 0iaud^ uub bie ^tut Uiarnt toortien.
^n i§rer glitten fi^en fie auf JBüfi^eln @ro^ oöer §itf(^fetten.
Knti Deg 9laii^t3 tietfen fie fii^ mit tiergteic^en, okr mit einem
SöörenfeH, oöer mit einer SSoIIene ^edfe, ober mit einer ^crfe
iion ßateunens^yföern fe|r !ünft(i(^ jnfammcn getoürrfet, unb
nehmen bie fteinften fintier eiug tior ftd^ an %t\\, unb einS an
ben Otüiten.
SJon bcr Silben t^rcm ^augratje.
R. C\#9l §ttu^rot^ Beftel^et bon einem ©tiitf bon einem abgcs
<\5 ^auenen Saume, ober au^ ber no(^ mit ber Söur^ct im
©runbe fcft fte^et, in ben brennen fie in ber 9Jlitten mit Sd^toams
men ein Öor^, a(§ eine tieffe Sd^üffet ober SJiörfner l^inein, barin;
nen ftoffen fie i^r ^nbianifi^ Morn, barbon fie Srob badfen,
me((^e§ fte ^onn nennen, unb aui| 8u^|ien babon fod^en, meldte
fie 8o))an nennen. Sag Morn bcf^jrengen fie mit l^eiffem Sßoffer,
unb ftam^ffen e§, bo^ bie Sr^aale l^erab ge^et, unb ftoffen eg
flein, foigen bo8 Mteinfte burdfj ein ©tro^erneg Mörbgen, unb
formiren Sörob a(§ groffe :3iegen5Mäfe baraug, ftedfen fie in bie
i^eiffe 5(fdfjcn, unb fr^arren bie Mo|Ien barüber, unb botfen eä
atfo, tottnn e§ gar ift, mofdjcn fie bo§ 5Brob mit Sßnffer ^\, fie
mengen audf) bi^meilein rottje, ober onbere ^yarb Sonnen unter
bag 5örob, toe(d[)e§ bann fielet a(8 ob 9lofinen barein gebarfen
mären. 9iedf)ft biefcm ^aben fie einen Meffet, barinn foi^en fie
i|r t^leiff^ bon ^^irfi^en, bag «yleifi^ aber mafdfjen fie nii^t, yxv^^
Falckncr*s ^^Ctcrieuse IVachricht." 143
they make a large fire and throw all kinds of decayed
wood upon it, that it makes much smoke, and lay them-
selves upon that side, toward which the wind drives the
smoke, so that smoke disperses the rain, and that which
falls upon them has been warmed by the smoke and burn-
ing embers.
In their huts they sit upon tussocks of grass or deer-
skins, and at night cover themselves with them, or with a
bear skin, or with a woolen blanket, or with a cover of
feathers very artistically woven together, then they put the
smallest child in front of them and one at the back.
The 44th Question.
Of the savages' Household utensils.
Their household utensils consist of a piece of a hewn tree,
or one which still stands fast with its roots in the ground.
In the middle of this they burn a hole with fungus, like a
deep bowl or mortar. In this they pound their Indian corn,
whereof they make bread, which they call Ponn. They also
make a soup of it which they call Sapan. They sprinkle the
corn with hot water, and stamp it to loosen the hulls ; then
they pound it fine, sift the finest through a straw basket,
and make loaves like large goat's milk cheeses. Then they
place them in hot ashes and rake the coals over them, and
so bake them. When they are sufficiently baked they wash
the loaves off with water. Occasionally they also mix red
or other colored beans among the bread, which then looks
as though raisins were baked in it. — Besides this they have
a kettle, wherein they cook their deer meat, which they do
1 44 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
bermcinctt, e§ cntftc^c i^ncn öic ^rafft, |ic fi^aumctt c§ m^ ni^t
ad, toag aber ü{icrfoi|t, tiag (ajfen fic ge^en. ^a@ 6(utige ^(eif(§
(tcbcn |tc, unl) ^a(ten ed für gcfunii, iienu foi^en fie ^o^ncn olicr
gcftoffcn ^orn in tier f^(eif(]^sSrü^e, fie !oi|en auii^ 8i|i(Iifroten
ol^ne ^cffel unter öen ^o^(en in i^rer eigenen ©i^oten, ju öenen
Vögeln nehmen fie fii^ nii^t ^tx ^eit mann fie !(ein ftnti, fo brens
nen fie öie i^etiern auf öem i^euer no. S5on ^aleuncn aber, ges
braudjen fie öie ^eöern sum Werfen ju mürrfen. Sie cjfen auii^
l^üJ^fC/ fette §untie, ©ifoutsÄa^en, Sibcr, ^i«^^örner unö
^abii^te. Sww braten ^oben fie ni(^t§ nöt|ig alg einen ^fa^I,
öen marinen fie uff beeöen Seiten f^ii^ig, v^Vi^ fterfen i^n mit öer
einen S^ji^en in ben ©runö, uff öer anöern Seiten fterfen fie ba^
?5(eiff^ öinn gefd^nitten baran, unb fe^ren eä ju Seiten nmb.
^er übrige ^au^rat^ ift ein Wibag, ober ausgerollter ^ürs
big 3um Xrinrfgcfr^irr, §ö(^erne Söffet, bie fie fe(bft nar^ i^rem
äßunbe maiden, v\ bereu Ermanglung gebrauii^en fie ä^lufi^etn
unb ^(ufternsSiiralen. ^^re ^^öl^erne ©(Rüffeln toerben bon
.^notten ber Saume gemarkt, ober bon l^artcn ^ürbiös^iinben.
9Jlanii^er \^i 2. ober 8. Säife bon mitbem §anff gemai^t, unb
buri^ bie gefärbte ®i|attirung bon braun, rot^, unb mei§ artig
gufammen gefegt, tteinere maii^en fie bon bem Stro^ beg ^nbianis
fi^en <$^orng, barinn tragen fie i^ren ^au^rat^ mit fid^ nebft einem
Heinen Seitgen, fo fie ^ome^iifeu nennen, mediae fie nun bon
benen Eurofiäern bekommen, fonften l^aben fie l^arte Steine an
ftatt beffen gcbraud^et, bon meti^en Steinen fie mä^ i^re Seite
madden, ift ein brauner Stein atg ein StutsSteiu, toetr^en fic
burd^ biet ^(o^ffen fd^arfiff unb f^iit^ig matten.
S^re Sd^euren ma^en fic in bie Erbe, graben ein Qoü^ SOlanngs
tieff, a(g ein Srunnen, fe^eng eg mit langem @ra^c aug, unb ba
t^un fie i^r .^nbianifd^ ^orn, .^ürbig unb anbere Satten l^inein.
!^ie ^unbe unb Sd^meine tonnen fte gemö^nen, H^ fte nie bon
i^rem (^efii^te fommen, fonberu ftetg i^rcr Stimme folgen, beg
9lai^tg legen fie bie Si^meine an Stridfe an, unb mann fie fett
Falckner's '■'•Curieuse Nachricht.'''' 145
not wash, as they think it would take out the strength, nor
do they skim it, but what runs over they let go. They
like their meat bloody, and regard it as healthy. Then
they cook beans or crushed corn in the meat broth. They
also cook tortoises without any pot, under the coals in
their own shells. As to birds they devote but little time ;
if small, they simply singe off the feathers with fire : of the
wild turkeys, however, they use the feathers to work
into covers. They also eat foxes, fat dogs, civit cats,
beavers, squirrels and hawks. For roasting they need
nothing but a stake — this they point at both ends. One end
they stick into the ground, upon the other they stick the
meat cut thin, and turn it at times.
The rest of their furniture consists of a calabash, or a
hollowed out pumpkin for a drinking vessel, wooden
spoons, which they make to suit their mouth, or else they
use mussel or oyster shells. Their wooden bowls are
made of the knots of trees or of hard pumpkin rind.
Many a one has two or three sacks made of wild hemp,
which by the dyed shading of brown, red and white, is
artistically put together. Smaller ones they make of the
straw of the Indian corn, in which they carry their house-
hold utensils and a little hatchet, which they call Dome-
hicken^^ and now get from the Europeans. Formerly they
used hard stones instead. The stone from which they
make their axes, is a brown stone like blood, ^^ which
they sharpen and point by many blows.
Their granaries, they build in earth, they dig a hole,
the depth of a man, like a well, and line it with long
grasses, and then put in their Indian corn, pumpkins, and
other things. ^^ They train their dogs and swine so as not
to leave their sight, also always to follow. their voice. At
night they secure the swine with ropes, and when they are
146 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
ßctootöctt finö, bctfouffctt fie fol^c öcn ^uto^ittcrn umb ©rentes
toeitt, toeUen fie Dog ©r^toeinensi^tcifj^ ni«!^t ^01^ aestimitctt.
2)ie 45. i^rage.
S5on bcnen ^Jicrcn, fo in Pensylvania 5U kfinbcn?
R- (^5( fittö Sären, ^pant^ert^ier, ^irf^eit, toe((!^e nij^t fo
^ po^ tote in (iuro^ia^ jcöo^ fetter unö ton kfferm %%--
frl^motf, toeiffe 9ie^e ViXC^ SBeiter in§ §o(^ ^inetn ©nötoefitöJertS
gibt e§ mitbe O^fen unti mittle M|e, 8u|en, unti mitüe ^ai^en,
meti^e bent groffen W\.{^ gtoffen 8(|aben tl^un, fliringen bon
Sttnmen bent 3>ie]^e anf ben 0lurfen. ^toe»)erle^ SBölffe^, fji^toarjc
unb graue, unter benen bie ft^biarjen ant ärgften, fie fallen aber
feinen 9Kenf(^en an. Sü(|fe, Oloennen, Sifants^ai^en, #ofen,
^(id^^örner f(i|niar^ XixC^ grau fe^r gro^ unb fe^r fett, auj^ cine
M bon @i(^|örnern, meti^e fliegen fiinnen, auii^ rot^e ^äufe
Joic W% ^ofcimttufe.
Saa gi^t c^ bann für Söaff cr=2:^icrc ?
R. a\S©^9l bie SJlenge, bleiben unter bent SBaffer offejeit
'^ trurfen, toe((^e§ biegen ©latte ber §aare ni^t baron
Rafftet, fie frcffen ^if(^e, unb fongen bie @nbten. ^ifd^-'Otter,
Sflintfen, biefe riei^en toie bie 9Äorten. 9)lufeu§s^atten, beren
^elle man ju benen Kleibern (egt, fo fomntt feine SWotten barein.
Sji^ilbfroten gro^ unb fteine, toeld^e int SBinter in ^t^ SHaraft
frieiJ^en.
9Weerf(^bieine, @tör8, 8|)rirtger§, ©Ifffter ober S^attfif^,
toeti|e im «^rü^-^a^r fe^r häufig gefangen unb eingefallen mer^
Falckner's '■'■Curieuse Nachricht.''^ 147
fattened they sell them to the Europeans for rum, as they
do not esteem pork highly.
The 45th Question.
Of the animals to be found in Pennsylvania.
^TpYHERE are bears, panthers, deers, which are not so
J I [ large as in Europe, though fatter and of a better
taste, white does and elks.
Further in the forest towards the southwest there are
wild oxen and wild cows, lynx and wild cats, which do
great damage to the larger game, as they spring from the
trees upon the backs of the animals. Two kinds of wolves,
black and grey, of these the black ones are the worst, but
they do not attack people. Foxes, racoons, skunks, hares,
squirrels, black and grey, very large and fat, also a sort
of flying squirrels and red mice like unto the common
dormouse.
The 46th Question.
What kind of aquatic animals are there }
BEAVER in quantity, they remain dry under water
all the time, which does not adhere to the hair on
account of its sleekness, they eat fish and catch the ducks.
Fish otters, minks, which smell like martens. Muskrats,
whose skins when laid among clothing, are a sure pre-
ventative against moths. Turtles great and small which
creep into the mud during the winter. Porpoises, sturgeon,
springers (salmon?). Shad fish which are caught in great
148 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
dcu, jinii ungemein fett, uni) Jnie Saje, nur öo§ fie einige ffeine
©raten im ^leif^ l^nben. ;3toö(|fer oöer ^odf, unö ^romfifd^.
Item 8urferö öom Saugen, üieit fie iia§ @rüne im SSaffer faugen,
l^örfing 3U)et)er(et), 8annenfif(|, mediae a(3 Silber und ©otb
gtttu^en, lyorcffen, §e^te, ftteifien in tiefem öaniie gan^ ftein,
tocifen fie feine moraftige Ufer l^akn. Greife aur^ ftcine toegen
mangelnS maraftigcn llfern. 5(tt(en, 9leunaugen unö aUer^anii
Seefif^e.
2ßa^ giBt c^ bann für ft^äblit^e %\xtx m Söaffcr ?
R. arSler^ant) ^rt Sii^tangen, bie bur^S SBaffer fi^mimmen
'^ fönnen, benen öie 8ii^i(i>ifrotten, nac^ftcffen, unti fol^c,
too fie i|rer mäi^tig ioerben tonnen, freffen. tiefer 8(^(angen
®ti^ ift ni(^t töbtüi^, fontlern ge^et mit einer fii^nellen Sd^toets
lung mieiiernm Oorbet).
$(uf bem Santie gibt e§ OiatteTsS^Iangen, toett^e im jtoeiten
:So^re 9lotte(n friegen, unö fo biet "^^xt fie alter merben, fo biet
^ottettt me^r, biefe ^aben ^äfjne, burd| ioetii^e fie bcn @ifft insi-
nuiren. Sie berme^rcn fid^ burii^ ^ijertegen, barbe^ boii^ bie
Sonne bn§ befte tl^nn mu§, i^re 9la^rung finb ^rofi^e, Kröten,
Söiefel, monn i^ren fleinen Sungc« ein 2^ier ober 9Jlenf(]^e ju
tto|c fommt, fo !rieii^en fic mieber in bie SJlutter hinein. 9le(^ft
biefen finb SBi^ern grau bon (^oteur ioie Schiffer, mann fie im
l^ctbc liegen, l^abcn fie ben ^o)iff in bie drbc bcrborgen, unb
mann man fie irritiret, geben fie einen Saut >&m fu^, öiie eine
böfe ^a^e. 9lattern finb fteine gefi^minbe unb röt^ü^e Satans
gen, i^r Söaui^ fielet Saffrongelb, unb atfo ein überaus bergiffs
\tit^ %^\tx. 5(urfj gibt eö bret)er(etj %xi t5röf(|e. 1. eine
SÄittctgattung, mic '^xt unferige in SJcutfi^tanb. 2. eine Heinere
Falchier's ^^Curteuse Nachricht,^'' 149
numbers in spring and salted down, they are exceedingly
fat, just like salmon, only that they have small bones in
the flesh, rock and drum fish. Likewise suckers, from
sucking as they suck the greens in the water, perch two
kinds, sunfish, which shine like silver and gold, trout,
pike, are very small in this country as they have no muddy
shores. Crabs are also small for the same reason, eels,
river lampreys and all kinds of sea fish.
The 47th Question.
What kind of dangerous animals are there in the
waters ?
ALL kinds of snakes, that can swim in the water,
these are attacked by the turtles, who eat such as
they can overcome. The bite of these snakes is not deadly,
but soon passes away after a quick swelling. Upon the
land there are rattlesnakes, who in their second year get
rattles, and as many years as they get older, so many more
rattles, they have fangs, through which they insert poison.
They increase by laying eggs, wherewith the sun, how-
ever, must do the best part. Their food consist of frogs,
toads, weasels. When either man or beast comes too near
their young, they crawl into the mother. Next to these
are the vipers, grey of color like slate, when they lay in
the field they hide their head in the ground, when irritated,
they make a noise like an angry cat. Adders are small,
quick and redish snakes, their belly is a saffron yellow,
and an exceedingly poisonous animal. There are also
three kinds of frogs: (i) a middle species, like ours in
Germany ; (2) a smaller kind, which sings so fine, as the
150 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
%xi, ttJct^c fo fciit fittQct, M üiic \t% un§ ötc Olotput^cit.
Uttli 3. cine fcl^tr gtoffc %xi., ötc gibt einen gtcnlii^cn ©etant,
tia^, too man äeS Sommert einen Dafetbft jum 9laii^6arn \^^\, fo
tiarff man tieS 9lai^tniäii^ter§ unti feineS ^otng nid^t, toeil er
fleiffig M§ ju Sage aug^ält mit |iletren unti rui!efen toiie ein
junge ©^g. Ölniere Äinigfeiten, bie no(^ im 2Baffer finö, gu
gefd^toeigen.
2)ie 48. Stage.
SBajg fiel^ct man bann auff bcncn S33affcr=5(üffctt für
^^icre f ^ttiimmen ?
R. /^^©^toanen, @önfe, ^raniji^e, ^nbten, Oleiger, 5lii(er
^ gtoe^etleli 5(rt : ^inen groffen fd^mar^en mit einen
toeiffen ^o^ff nnö rotten 5(ugen, nnö öann eine fleinere %x\, öie
fill meifteng aug liem Staffer nähret, ^aleeun oder toetfi^e
^iiner a. 20. M^ 30. ^funb, gJ^afanen, ^atrifen, S^aufien, yxxC^
Ijöuffigeg üeineö ©eoögel, M S^iottöogel, ilol^Uoget, öer S5oge(
totporii§, ^ormefins nnö $(nrorarot|. lino öann ein SSunöer
aller Siarität, ein S^ögelein fo gro^ a(§ ein (BUeb an einem
Weinen ffittßf»*/ #ummc(6ort genannt, tocilen er feine Flügel >&m
Gebern, fonkrn ^ummedflüget $at. @onft finb feine ^eöern
gelb unb grün, unb l^at fur^e ^ü^gen, fd^toebt ftetS in ber iSufft,
unb fanget mit feinem 8i|näbelein (meld^eg länger a(g fein G^örs
^cr ift) öag %tiit in ier ©tume unb Stütze, ba^ero er nii|t
el^enber ju fe^en ijt, bi^ Blumen finb, unb fo balb bie Blumen
hergeben, fo fommet er l^intoeg, unb toei^ niemanb too er Wx^ti,
man mu^ eS fojt mel^r für ein ©ef^cnft unb ©eift, at§ bor eine
toürdtüi!^e Kreatur, feiner ©efi^minbigfeit l^alber, ^'(^XtXi. 8ein
^leftgen ift fo gro^ toie eine groffe 9lu^fi|a(e. @onft gibtS
Sto^bögel, §abii|t, ©uten, ^afer, 9lau)jen, ^euffi^rerfen, 2Be|)5
fen unb ^ornüffen :e.
Falckner's ''Curieuse JVackrtcht." 151
brown frogs ^^ with us, and (3) a very large kind, that emit
an abominable bark, so that when one has one of these for
a neighbor in the summer, there is no need of any night
watch with his horn, as he keeps diligently on until day,
with a bellowing and roaring like a young bull. Other
trifling things that are in the waters I will omit.
The 48th Question.
What animals are to be seen swimming upon the
water courses.?
SWANS, geese, cranes, ducks, herons. Of eagles
there are two kinds, a great large one with a white
head and red eyes, and then a smaller sort which chiefly lives
upon the water. Calecunes or turkeys of 20 or 30 pounds.
Pheasants, partridges, pidgeons and many smaller birds as
Mocking bird, catbird, red birds, crimson and aurora red,
and then a wonder of all curiosities, a bird no larger than
the joint of a little finger, called Hummelbart (Humming
bird), so called as it has no wings of feathers but hummel
wings. ^^ Otherwise their feathers are yellow and green
and they have short legs and constantly hover in the air,
and sucks with his bill (which is longer than its body) the
richness in the flower and blossom. Therefore thej'^ are
not to be seen until there are flowers, and as soon as the
flowers are over, it goes away, and no one knows where it
remains, it seems almost more of a ghost or spirit than an
actual creature,' on account of its great swiftness. Its nest
is as large as a nutshell. In addition there are birds of
prey, hawks, owls, bugs, caterpillars, grasshoppers, wasps
and hornets.
152 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
2)tc 49. %x(y^tr
£)fi ni^t [wenn man fromme] Sal^tticrrfcr ^tttCttt ^tt
ft^trfcn, btc bic Sal^qucttc Bet) Philadelphia [mit
grossen Vortheil zu gebrauchen und durch
solche denn das gute dort befördert wer-
den könte ?] in bcn ©attg Brächten ?
R. (5SS®S^ Sol^qucHc [ist meines Erachtens] Ucgt m\t
^ ÜOtttt 10. aftcUsSÖCCßS ton Philadelphia [nord-west]
9lorilttiert§^ ifit [ist aber vor gegenwärtig nichts daran zu
thun] W\ dato öttrumb ni^t )iroMtt öietocUcn ein lllicrf(tt§ öon
®tt(^ ttnilcrtocrtS ciltÖCfirtt^t toiril. [es bleibet dieses zum
Profit zu] ^ic fünfftißc 5(u§6rcttunft uttö ä^cmc^rung Her
9Jtenf(^en mu^ ani| etbiag ju t|un ^atien.
2)ic 50. gragc."
DB ni^t [so] tiXi^ [mit] fromme Bergleute l^tnetn p
ft^irfen?
R- (^S@®^ fiinntctt noi| c^cnöcr employrt tocröen [und
^ dürfte bald nach ihnen gefragt werden] ttnÖ fÖUlls
ten immittlcr Seit [doch] i^t Öcbcn k^ ttitöcrcr 5(rbcit unii
S^ic^c SuÄt erhalten, [unterhalten]
2» Question XL in MSS.
" Question XLI in MSS.
Falckner's ^^Curteuse Nachricht. ^^ 153
The 49th Question.
If pious salt workers*'' were sent over to develop the
saline springs near Philadelphia, could they not be
used with great profit, and through them
further that which is good?
yTf HE saline springs, according to my judgment, are
JJL4 more than ten miles ^ from Philadelphia toward the
Northwest, but up to the present time they have not been
developed, nor has there even been any attempt to do so, as
there is a superfluity of salt brought here from elsewhere ;
so the future development remains for the steadily increas-
ing population here.
The 50th Question.
How about pious miners?
mHESE could the more readily find employment here,
and perhaps would soon be in demand. In the
meantime they could support themselves by other labor or
cattle-raising.
154 ^^^^ Pennsylvania-German Society.
5)ie 51. Srage/'
Desideratur cine Geographift^c ^cft^rciBung tjon Pen-
sylvanicn, [VirginicnJ unb anbcrn ua^c gc(cgc=
ttcn Sänbcrn unb 3«!«^« ?
R- (^S^S^® fan toot öcßentoärtig nii|t Iciftcn, fott akr, o6
'^ ^^ii toill, unö i(^ tcfie, nc^[tcn§ gcfri^c^cn. [soil aber
laut meinem Versprechen, ob Gott will und ich lebe, die-
selbe erfolgen und zwar dextre sine prcBj'iidictis und frei-
willigen Fehlern, so entweder aus ignorantz und Nach-
lässigkeit oder mangel an Judicii entstehen können]
S!ßie c^ mit ber Correspondenz in Americam unb ^cr=
rou^ 5n galten ?
R. r^^IE Corres-po7identz muss ihre gewisse Adresse
\j^ haben] ^icfc crforöctt 4. gcttiiffc Adressen. @tnc
l^ict in Patria. ^ic anöcrc in ^oHanii. ^ic örittc in ^ngcts
lonö. llttii öic tiietäte iu America, [davon zu einer andern
zeit]
2 2 Question XUI in MSS.
23 Question XI,III in MSS.
Falckner's ''Curteuse Nachricht." 155
The 51st Question.
A geographical description of Pennsylvania and ad-
jacent countries and Islands.
HOR the present this cannot be rendered. But ac-
cording to my promise, if God will and I live, this
shall follow, and indeed dcxtre sine praejudicus and vol-
untary errors, which could arise either out of ignorance,
negligence or lack of judicum in which our geographical
descriptions thus far abound.
The 52nd Question.
How about correspondence with America and from
thence outward.
•^*»HE correspondence must have a peculiar address,
\5) giving one direction in Germany, another in Hol-
land, a third in England, and a fourth in America. Of
this, more at another time.
156 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
DB ntf^t attcr^anb ^anbtocrifcr bartnncn fort fommcn ?
unb toelt^e furnel^mlid) ?
R. (^5(^5(91 ijt ni^t Oct ßcringfitc göiciffcl. ^ie notltocnUigs
'^ ftcn ttBcr fillÖ : [welche man im täglichen Gebrauch
nicht entrathen kan als] S^lttitlt, (S^Ioffcr, [und die
gleichen die in Eisen arbeiten] <S^ndiier^ S(!^u|itct [Strumpf-
Stricker, Rademacher] ^itoinerUute [Seiler, welche letzere
sonderlich angenehm wegen des grossen Schiffbaues,
welcher da angeleget ist] ©tcinWC^cn, [mahler] WmxtX,
SBoßttcr, 2Ö|i|fcr, SKuPmciftcr JC. [Kannengieser, Gold-
schmiede und dergleichen]
25
2)ie 54. i^rage.'
995ic gute [Erbauliche] S^rifftett l^incin ju Bringen, [in
Englisher und Französischer Sprachen, die Na-
tiones so in Pennsylvanien, Virginia und New
Engelland sind, dadurch kräftig zu er-
bauen.] "^xz Stia\\\st^ %vC^is\xtx 5U er=
Bauen ?
R. r/i*^RSTLICH ist hier zu merken, wie bekannt, das
L^ die beyden Nationen als] %\t ^ttgÜf^C UttÖ ^xm--
3Öftfii§e 9lattonen ftnö f^on mit ^v\t^ 8i|rifften Ü6er|äuffet,
[daneben ihre eigenen Scribenten wegen ihres Styli und
2* Question XLIV in MSS.
*5 Question XL,V in MSS.
Falckner's ^'■Curieuse Nachricht. ^^ 157
The 53rd Question.
Whether all kinds of artisans cannot find subsistence
there, and which in particular.
*V 1 'BOUT this there is not the least doubt. The most
_^JLj necessary ones, however, are those who by daily
usage are indispensable, as smiths, locksmiths, and such
as work in iron. Shoemakers, tailors, stocking-weavers,
wheelwrights, stonecutters, painters, carpenters and rope-
makers would be especially desirable on account of the
extensive ship-building which is carried on here, also
master-millers, pewterers, goldsmiths, potters and the like.
The 54th Question.
How to introduce good devout literature in the English
and French languages for an energetic edification
of such nationalities as have settled in Penn-
sylvania, Virginia and New England.
HIRSTLY it is to be remarked, as is well known that
both nations, English and French, are already
overwhelmed with religious literature. Besides, they hold
their own writers in greatest estimation, on account of their
style and national genius. Then, again, no English litera-
158 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
getm nationis am meisten aistimiren] 5Bc^ un§ galten tilir licr
gcit iiic§. ©i^tifft ttcijit Oct Äird^cns^iftori, unö 5(rnaü ©üi^cttt
Stti^cö genug, für fo(i^e, Öic einer Einleitung tionnöt^en ^nöcn.
3ur ©ui^öruifre^sElnorönung traue x^ nitrier nii^t be^ unferm
ijcrfü^rifd^en, ®eoHif<^cit ««^ «atl)ri)d^cn ^anifsSeculo öariurji^
nur «le^r llngtüif und diffidenz ungerij^tet toirö. 3oi| i|t bereits
eine 3U Philadelphia angerili^tet. [So dürfen auch keine
Englische Schriften ausserhalb Engelland gedruckt in
Engelland eingeführt werden. Zudem observire ich bey
Gelegenheit der Päbstlichen religion etwas, welches mir in
gewissen Stücken nicht ungereimt vorkommt, nemlich,
dass sie aus einem stratagcmate ecclesiastico politico denen
Leuten viel äusserliche Gottesdienste, Feyer-Tage, Messen
und dergleichen aufgeleget haben ; und ob sie wohl über
die Schrift die Patres und statuta ecclesiae zu ihrem canone
nehmen, so lasset doch der ohne das mit Gottesdienst über-
häufte Hauffe der (der) Layen das scrutinitim fidei der
auctoritati viroriim gern über und bleiben also niedrig und
gebeugt. Dahero ihr äusserliches Regiment nicht mit so
viel Secten und Rotten verunruhiget worden kan. America
hält den Menschen unter äusserlicher Übung : Adam bauet
das Land und wartet seines Viehes, welches lauter Buch-
staben und Bücher sind, dabei ihn sein Schöpfer selbst in
der Danksagung ex tempore lehret und aufsagen heisset.
Ist Zeit übrig, so is die heilige Schrift nebst der Kirchen-
Historie und Arndii Büchern Buchs genug, vor solche die
einer Anleitung von nöthen haben. Zur Druckerey wollte
ich wol rathen weil ich aber sehe den greulichen Missbrauch
und daher entstehendes Übel welcher doch umb dessent-
willen man rebus sie stantibus in Europa nicht entbehren
kan : so traue ich unserm verführerischen sceptischen und
satyrischen Zank-6'^c/^/ö nicht viel, wollte auch nicht gern
helfen Unglück anrichten nachdem ich schon proben davon
Falckner's '■'Curieuse Nachricht ^ 159
ture printed outside of England is permitted to be imported
into the country. I will observe upon this occasion some-
thing concerning the Papal religion which in certain par-
ticulars does not seem to me inconsistent, namely, that they
have imposed upon their people, out of a Stratagemate
ecclesiastico politico, many outward forms of worship, holy
days, masses and the like; and although they take for
their canons those of the priests and statuta ecclesicB above
those of Holy writ, yet the mass of the laity are not bur-
dened with divine services but gladly leave the Scrutinium
ßdei to the auctoritati viroi'um, and remain lowly and
humble. Therefore their outward organization cannot be
disturbed by so many sects and factions. America holds
man under an external training.
Adam tills his land and tends his cattle, all of which
are letters and books, wherein his creator personally in-
structs him in thanksgiving, and asks him to remember
what he has learned. If there is time to spare, then the
Holy writ, together with sacred history and Arndt's^^
works, are books enough for such as have heed of guid-
ance when in dire straits.
As to a printing office, I would well approve of one ;
but when I see the abominable abuse made of it and the
resulting evils (which we, however, for that reason, rebtis
sic stantibus, cannot spare in Europe), I do not trust our
seductive, sceptical and satirical quarrelsome seculum.
Further, I should not like to be a party to cause any cal-
amity, as I have already seen proof thereof in America.
But I should not object provided strict and accurate regula-
tions of the press were enforced. According to my latest
advices' from Pennsylvania, from a letter dated September
17, 1699, I learn that besides the printing office in New
York, another has been set up in Philadelphia.^^ At the
i6o The Pennsylvania- German Society.
auch in America gesehen : es wäre dann dass man scharfe
und genaue Ordnung des Drucks halber machen wölke.
Laut letzterer Brieffe vom 7 September 1699 aus Pennsyl-
vanien verstehe, dass man über die Druckerey in Newjork
noch eine in Philadelphia angeleget hat, bey welcher Ge-
legenheit nächst künftig einige teutsche Schriften in eng-
lisch und frantzösisch daselbst übersetzen und also zum
Druck noch gut befinden und Vermögen wird befördern
können, bis der Drucker sich auch mit teutschen Buchsta-
ben wird versehen haben.]
2){e 55. Stage."
SBte man Scutc cinc§ rct^tcn Philadelphift^cn ©ctftciS
ÖUn [Schweden, Engelländern, Deutschen, und
von] atten D^cIigiDncn, fo barittttcn finb, uf{5u=
fudjcn ^ak, bic 5U 85cförbcruttg bc^ Söcrrf^
bc^ $^rren ctnanbcr bic $anb Bic=
t^ctt Bnnen ?
R. ^5(8 tji eine f^toetc i^rttgc. 2>o§ toei^ i^ : SBonn olle
^ Seelen unü $|Jart^c^cn i^tc 3Wuttcr;9Wtta{e tooltcn tiers
laugnen, unö mit einanöer in§ gleiii^e Olcii^t öurr^ eine örütiers
lii^e Resignirte 8iek§sResolution eingeben, fo öörffte mon fii|
ni^t öiel bcknrfen : @otte§ SBertf toürüe fi(i^ fclbjten treiben ;
llnö jnm toeniöjten !önnte eg toon nnö, nlg Hon nn§ nii^t onfßes
]§aUen toeröen. ^natoifi^en bcfommt ein gnter SWeifter öie( Anns
ben, iiarnm mn^ ein Einfang fetjn, nnö öie Siebe ntn^ eine 5(rbei<
l^oben, Dann finöet firi^ ioä 9Witte( önr(^ SWittel.
26 Question XL,VI in MSS.
Falckner's '■'■Curieiise Nachricht.'" i6i
earliest opportunity I shall translate several German writ-
ings into English and French, and print them there accord-
ing to circumstances and ability, until the printer is also
supplied with German type.^^
The 55th Question.
How to seek out persons imbued with a true Phila-
delphian spirit from among the Swedes, English,
Germans, and religious persuasions who are
there, and would be willing to extend
their hands to one another in the
furtherance of the word
of the Lord.
Y I f HIS is a difficult question. I do know, however,
J-i-l that if all sects and parties would abjure their
birth marks and enter with one accord into a resolution of
resigned brotherly love, one would not then need to have
any doubt that God's work would accomplish itself, or at
least it could not be checked by or of us. In the mean-
time a good master gains many customers. Therefore
there must be a beginning, and charity must be given a
certain task, then will be found means by means. I know
of several good friends there, whose good intentions are
greater than their outward actions would warrant. God,
i62 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
%^ toci^ einige ^vXt f^tcunöe attött, bie mc^r im guten SSiUfen,
olö in iier ttufferUd^en %\^\ öetmögen. %i)\i, ier otter S^ens
f^en ^er^en in feiner §anii l^at, w:^ tiiefelbe toie SSaffer [bäche]
leitet, toei^ einfättigeö (antercl SBorneJ^men ju secundiren.
2)ie 56. Stage/'
Sie aSX bic Silben toerben ?
R. m£)9l biefem 100. ^o^r, ^^tvX ju 2oge 60. oöcr 70. %^\x,
'^ ttiegen bertaffener 3ittt. [Es sind wenige nun mehro
von denen, die wir kennen, die 60-70 jähre alt sind. Vor
diesem sind sie 100 jähre alt geworden. Die Ursache da-
von erhellet aus schon angeführten.]
Oll ijrer Seikr einanber in ber %t\^mi kt)fte^en ?
R. £|\^^9l [So viel ich Verstanden geschieht es nicht]
^^ fonbern fie berkrgen fn| gani^ nttein in einem border
aufgelesenen Orte, unb bo^ gletf^mo^l fi^et man nii|t ein einis
ge§ ungeftatteg ^inb ober ^ri|i|ie(. [Ob nun dieses die jun-
gen weibern auch also und zu aller Zeit thun, habe aus der
Acht gelassen. Davon mehrere Gewissheit so wir leben]
2' Question XLVII in MSS.
2« Question XIvVIII in MSS.
Falckner's ''Curieuse Nachricht.'' 163
who has all human hearts in his hands and directs them
like a water course, is ready to further any pure and
simple undertaking.
The 56th Question.
To what age do the savages attain?
mHERE are but few of them known to us who are
sixty to seventy years old. Formerly they lived
to the age of a hundred. The causes for this appear from
what has already been said.
The 57th Question.
Do the women assist each other during parturition.?
^(O far as I have understood, this is not done; but
J^3 they betake themselves entirel}^ alone to some pre-
viously selected spot. However, at the same time, you
cannot find a single deformed child or cripple amongst
them. Whether the young women follow the same course
at all times, I have been unmindful of. Concerning this,
more information, if we live.
164 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
2){c 58- %tn^:
W\t fie z^ mit benen gan^ fleinen ^inbern galten ?
R. (ÄS^ [die kleinen Kinder] tocrÖCtt uff cillC fut^e S^it
^ tttt ein Stctgctt öcBunticn, öarauf fie ein fkincg i^cffc^ci«
binben, unti el mit eben Iietgleiii^en jutieifen, tiantit fte@ tiefto
beffer auf tiem ^utfen tragen, unti tiefio getniffer Italien fönnen
mann fie [indem sie dieselben fast allezeit] fangen, [lassen
weil sie über die Massen viel Milch haben und doch nur
kaltes wasser trincken. Das Haupt und den Körper des
Knaben salben sie mit guten fett von Thieren.]
S)ie 59. I^rage."
2öa§ für gtüffc bcr Orten finb ?
R. r^KlE Nahmen der Flüsse sind meist Indianisch, des-
L-"^ wegen verspare ich sie mit ihrer Etymologie und
anzahl bis auf weitern Bescheid] America ift toie ein "^Vit^i
tnäfferter harten tian groffen unti f(einen ^(üffen, unti frönen
Stnnnqnellen. ^ie Etimologiam uro ^Inja^ fold^er f^tüffe
tjerflitt^re \^ uot öicfe§niat, bi^ ju meiner toieöcr ^ineinfunfft,
unti fc^rifftUi^en S^erii|t.
2 9 Question XLIX in MSS.
30 Question I, in MSS.
Falckner's '''■ Cur teuse Nachricht.'''' 165
The 58th Question.
How do they care for their infants?
mHE infants are bound for a short time, on boards or
bark covered with soft fur, with which they also
cover them, so that they can the better carry them on their
backs. They let them nurse almost continuously as they
have nourishment beyond all measure, and yet they drink
nothing but cold water. They anoint the heads and
bodies of the boys with some good animal fat.
The 59th Question.
What rivers are there ?
mHE names of most of the rivers are of Indian origin.
Therefore I will reserve the etymology and number
for some future occasion. Otherwise America is like an
irrigated garden, full of large and small rivers and great
and small springs.
i66 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
2)ic 60. Srage/'
28ic fie gcBraut^ct tocrbcn?
Responsio fimilitet dissertur. [Die Antwort wird bis
aufs künftige versparet]
2)ic 61. %tn^:'
W\t fic i^rc Sif^crct) i^altcn ?
R. r^^IESE bestehet hauptsachlich in folgenden Arten,
L'^ erstlich] 1. 9Wit öcjii 5(ngc(. 2. 9)la(!|cn fie Gammen
tmn <Stein(n [in die Flüsse, wie sie beginnen seichte zu wer-
den in dieser Form : \y \y~ Durch die Canäle fället
das aufgehaltene wasser ab und der Strom bekomt eine
Jbrce, am ende des Canals stehet ein grosser Korb von Reif-
staben gemacht. Da treibet der Strom den Fisch, so herun-
ter gehet, hinein, welcher Korb so gesetzet ist, dass der
Fisch nicht kan wieder zurück gehen.] unÖ includircil öic
%xW' 3. ÜBittöcn fie eine (anßc ^ct)^c 9lci)cr mit öcm 8au6 jus
fammcn [wie ein Netz] uttö jic^cttö iiur^ö Söaffer, iiamit fic öic
%xW in eine (gngc gufamm jogcn, «nö mit bcn ^önöcn cröa^^cii.
[Auch haben sie ihre Kähne, welche von Rinden von
Bäumen gemacht und mit Wildem Hanf verbunden und
mit Moos verstopfet sind, in dieselben treten sie und halten
bey stillem Wetter an einem solchen Ort, da sie wissen,
wo sich der Fish, Stör genannt, aufhalt ; da haben sie ein
scharfes Eisen (vorher einen scharfen harten Stein) an
einer langen Stange an einem Strick festgemacht ; sobald
31 Question 1,1 in MSS.
3* Question L,II in MSS.
Falckn er's ' * Curieuse Nachricht. " 167
The 60th Question.
How are they utilized?
m
HIS answer is reserved for the future.
The 6 1 St Question.
How is Fishing Followed?
ynpf HIS consists chiefly of the following methods :
J I [ Firstly, angling ; secondly making dams of stones
in the rivers where they begin to get shallow, in this man-
ner \/ \/ . Through these conduits the checked
water flows and the current gathers in force. At the end
of each conduit a large wicker basket is placed, the current
drives the descending fish through the conduit into the
basket, which is set at such an angle that the fish cannot
return. Thirdly, they tie a long row of green branches
with their leaves together like a net, and drag those
through the water so as to drive the fish into a convenient
corner, where they can catch them with their hands.
Fourthly, they also have their canoes, made out of the
bark of trees, bound together with wild hemp and caulked
with mosses, in which they stand up in still weather at such
places which they know that the Stör ^^ fish frequents ; then
they have a sharp iron (formerly a sharp-pointed stone) on
a long pole, to which is fastened a rope. Now, as soon as
i68 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
sie nun einen dergleichen Fisch, welcher sich zuweilen
sonnet und ruhet, gewahr worden, können sie durch ihre
Geschwindigkeit ihm bald eins versetzen, das er herauf
komt und den Bauch in die Höhe kehret. Dergleichen
Fische fangen sie zuweilen in einem Tage so viel, dass sie
eine gantze Nachbarschaft damit versehen können.] Sic
^lien aui| <ta^ne bon auggel^olten S3äumen, unti tiie 9li^en mit
9J{o!g t)er|to|)|fet, in )oc((^e fte tretten, unö Die Stör fangen.
Sic 62. %xn^r
Sie '^xz Silben ijre Sagten anftctten ?
R. (f^^lH^^l toifkn l^^ierc kma^tigen fie fir^ ßefi^toiniie
-^ önr^ i^r fi^nelleS unii anl^ntteniieS öanffcn, unö öur^
il^r @ef(l^o^. Einige Spiere Indien fie lieg 9lai^t3 de^ l^eHem
SJioniifd^cinc. [auf die Bäume zu jagen,] ^ie mittle Ätt^en
fj^icfeng mit ^fitf(!^cti feiten, ^ie Amyhibia ntö ^a^en. Shorter
unt) iiergtei(i^en, fangen fie ju 9lai^t§ in galten, faft mie unfere
SWartersi^tttten.
%\t 63. Silage."
Sa§ öor 5a5me [und wilde]X^ier c^ kt) i^nen ge^e ?
R. (^5(82 alte, öie mir l^ierouffen ^lien, ausgenommen, leinen
\j @)et l^akn pf örinnen, toetc^er i^nen öoji^ fe^r nu^üd^
märe, inbeme man bie ^feriie mi Dem fd^meren iSäfte tragen tier^
öerbet, mefil^en bie 9latur me^r Stärrfe in benen Sd^uttern [und
Füsse] atg in öcm %)xitv< gegeben, ba l^tngegen öer ©fet im
" Question Uli in MSS.
»4 Question LIV in MSS.
Falckner's *■'• Cur ieuse Nachricht.^'' 169
they see such a fish, which occasionally suns itself and
rests, they are enabled by their extreme dexterity to spear
it, so that it turns its belly upward and comes to the sur-
face. Of these fish they often catch so many in a day,
that the whole neighborhood is supplied therewith.
The 62nd Question.
Concerning their hunting.
YttYHEY overpower the wild beasts quickly by their rapid
J 1 [ and continuous running, together with their mis-
siles. Some animals they capture on the trees in the bright
moonlight. Several of the amphibious beasts they catch
at night in traps, similar to our traps for martens.^*
The 63rd Question.
What kind of animals are there, both domestic
and wild.f^
CSC
'ITH some exceptions, just the same as with us
here.^ Among these exceptions is the jackass,
which would be very useful there. The horses, whom nature
has given more strength in their shoulders and legs than in
their backs, are ruined by the heavy burdens they carry.**
On the contrary the jackass is strong in his back and con-
170 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
^iitfcn jtarif i|t, unti mit f^(ei^tem gutter fii!^ befrictitgen (äfft.
[Die Nahmen der Thiere so da und nicht hie sind, samt
der Etymologie davon soll künftig mit folgen.]
^ic 64. %tn^r
2ßa^ für untcrft^tcbüt^e SJögcl barinncn ?
R. OS2 i\t\\^ oktt kottttoortct, unJ) finö öcreit üicl 5(rtcn
fin)). Ballon in3 fünfftig.
2){c 65. Smgc."
2öie man fit^ gegen bte ^ären, unb anbcre totlbe ^^tere
Dertoa^re ?
R. (^S^ toilüctt ^^icrc ^at ^^ii mit ?yor^t geft^rcrfct, öa^
^ fii§ fein 9Jlcnf(§ i^rcnt^albcn jn öcforgen l^at, [Dahero
auch unsere zahme Thiere die wilden wenig cestimiren und
wessen ihre Jungen vor der andern Gewalt wohl zu bewah-
ren. Ausser der Schafe, vor welchen die Wölfe ohne
hülffe der Menschen und hunde nicht erschrecken und sich
vergeblich abweisen lassen.] bor <Sdj(an(ten [man vielerley
Art] ^at man fid^ im Sommer in o^t ^n nehmen, öic öoji^ [wie-
wohl sie insgemein] ein @crttuf(^c mtti^cn, nnö pi^tig tocröen
t^t man p i^nen iQVXvxi, äa^cro ftc nii^t (ci(^t(ii^ tien 99lcnf(^en
fd^aäcn. [Es sey denn den Vorwitzigen und unachtsamen ;
doch sind die Excmfel rar]
35 Question I,V in MSS.
36 Question i,VI in MSS.
Falckner's ' ' Curieuse Nachricht.^'' 171
tent with indifferent feed. The names of the animals which
are there ®^ and not here *^ together with the etymology of
the same will follow in the future.
The 64th Question.
What kinds of birds are there ?
OF these there are many species that are not here^^ and
many here that are not there. Whereof also in the
future.
The 65th Question.
How to protect oneself against bears and other
wild beasts ?
*^ * HE Lord has so terrified the wild beasts with fear that
\5) no man need be apprehensive upon their account.
For this reason our domestic animals show but little fear for
the wild ones, and know well how to protect their young
against their violence. The sheep are an exception, as
the wolves cannot be frightened off or repulsed without the
aid of men and dogs. Snakes, of which there are many
kinds, one has to be very careful of in summer, although
they usually make some noise or take flight before one
comes up to them. Therefore they do not often harm any-
one, unless he be indiscreetly curious or heedless. But
such examples are rare.
172 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
2)ic 66, %i(y^tr
SBormit bic SS^ilbcn HPcro turn bcncn ^uro^äcrit ge=
ärgert ? unb not^ fc^Iimmcr gemacht toorbcn ? [und
wie solche Aergerniss zu emendiren]
R. (^S® ^ftfic« 6f^ Öcr ©cöcntottrt unö 8ckng;5(rt öcr ©uros
^ ^itx gcfctnct unotöcntliii^ «tit ju Ickn, im ©ffcn,
S^rintfctt, Sauffcn, i^Iu^cn, Siigcn, ©ctrüßcn, einer $ot öcm
antiern bie Gelegenheit gejeiget, bie @uro|iär |aben i^nen ^rans
betoein, Sier^ nnb aniiere SKoterialitt hinein gebraut, fo nun öie
S^iliien mit l^egierbe fuii^en, unb oB i^nen fd^on tiuri!| (Befe^e
tierbotten \% fo Iniffen fte§ üoii^ mit iSujt ju fi(^ ju betommen,
repete hie quaest. 39. R. [Vors erste lean das kein Aerger-
niss heissen, das sie bey der Gegenwart und Lebens-Art
der Europeer Gelegenheit nehmen unordentlich zu werden,
sonst könte sich auch ein Kind des Aergernisses nicht
erwehren. Denn wenn dasselbe sein Muss isset zu seiner
Nahrung, so mag es geschehen, dass dieses die Katze
gewahr wird, durch dessen Geruch und Geschmack sie
alle gelegenheit suchet ohne Hinderniss zum Verdruss
ihres eigenen Magens und derer, die im Zimmer sind, an-
füllet. Die Europeer haben zwar Bier und Brantewein
hineingebracht, wer kan es aber helfen, dass die wilden
davon zu viel nehmen. Man hat allerhand Gesetz und
Ordnung gemacht, wie viel man denselben reichen solle.
Doch wissen sie es mit List zu bekommen, wiewol auch
einige gewinnsüchtige Leute sind, die ihnen in das Holtz
profits halber dergleichen Getränke zukommen lassen.
Und weil sie es nicht allezeit haben, noch haben können,
weil ihr Verdienst nicht gross ist, so ist die Natur desto
3' Question I,VII and I^VIII in MSS.
Falckner's ^■'■Curieuse Nachricht.''^ 173
The 66th Question.
Wherein the savages have thus far been made speci-
ally worse in whole or in part by the Europeans,
and how such scandal may be amended.
HIRSTLY, it cannot be called a scandal that they take
the opportunity of becoming disorderly from the
presence and manner of living of the Europeans, else a
child could not refrain from scandal. For when it eats its
pap for its sustenance, it may happen that a cat becomes
aware of it, and by its sense of taste and smell seeks every
opportunity when without hindrance it can gorge itself, to
the vexation of its own stomach and those who are in the
room. The Europeans certainly did bring in beer and
brandy, but who can help it that the savages take too much
thereof ? All kinds of laws and regulations have been
made as to the quantity that might be given to them.
However, they know how to obtain it by their cunning,
although there are some mercenary people who for gain
furnish them with drink in the forest. As they do not have
it at all times nor can always obtain it (for their earnings
are not large) their nature upon this account makes them
still more ravenous, and when opportunity offers they can-
not keep themselves within bounds.
It is said that in Carolina, before the advent of the
French, strict regulations were enforced, whereby it was
absolulely forbidden under a heavy penalty to give the
savages any beer, wine or brandy. According to my
judgment, the most harm is done by a pack of unscrupu-
lous, dissolute and corrupt peddlers^' of the English,
174 '^^^ Pennsylvania- German Society.
begieriger darauf und können sich in der gelegenheit
nicht massigen. Man sagt, dass in Carolina ehe und
bevor die Frantzosen dahin gekomen, genaue Ordnung sei
gehalten worden, darinnen absolut und bey hoher Strafe
verbothen gewesen, denen Wilden Bier, Wein und Brante-
wein zu geben. Der meiste Schaden ist meines Erachtens
geschehen durch einige gewissenlose, liederliche und faule
Schacherer von Engelländern, Schweden, in specie Frant-
zosen, welche die Wilden übervortheilt, und sie durch
■practiquen theils schüchtern theils listig gemacht, das sie
biss weilen sich zu keiner conversation einlassen wollen,
biss weilen lieber solche liederlich compagnie erleiden,
welche sie entweder mit starkem Getränke unterhalten und
es ihnen weit nachbringen, oder ihnen von unseren Königen
närrische Historischen einbilden und allerlei neue Zeitung
erzählen welches Aergerniss aber durch einen besseren
Umgang leicht wird zu heben seyn. Was sie sonst von
den Europeern angenommen siehe oben quaest. XXXIX.]
2)ic 67. Staoe."
2öie man (autcr nu^Iid^c fünfte uitb Söiffenff^aftcn in
Americam Bringen Jönnc ? [Die Bösen unnützen
und unnöthigen weg lassen]
R. ÄScrbct) mu^ man Unanimiter crjit crfcnncn, toa8 man
(^ H^^cro in öcr llbung in öcr ©ottfectigitcit nad) attcit
8täniicn wvi.^W'Si^ oiicr f(^ät)(ii^ gcfun&cn, uni) tiann tocil iiaS Sanb
öort nor^ cinfältifl, öic im JRömifrfjcn JKcirfj praeter necessitatem
multiplicirte Entia ücöcr ^inUicö tttffcii, öttittit man Öic anti-
cs Question I,IX in MSS.
Falckner's '■'■ Cur ieuse Nachricht.^'' 175
Swedish and especially of French nationality, who defraud
the savages, and intimidate them by their practices, or else
make them so cunning that they often refuse to enter into
conversation, and prefer such dissolute company as either
entertains them with strong drink, or sends it to them, or
conceive foolish stories about our kings and tell them all
kinds of new tidings ; a scandal which can easily be dis-
pelled by better associations. What they have otherwise
acquired from the Europeans, see question XXXIX supra.
The 67th Question.
How to introduce purely advantageous arts and
sciences into America, and eliminate the
evil and useless ones.
* ■* EREWITH one must first unanimiter understand
^ I y what has been found to be useful or harmful thus
far in the practice of godliness toward all estates, and
then, as the country is still in a state of simplicity, those in
the Holy Roman Empire ''^ also -prcBter necessitateni multi-
■plicierte Entia, had better omit that one the antiquam
shnplicitatem in antiqiia Sanctirate can the better take into
account. A certain project (as a guide for constructing
others) will be added at the ending.
176 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
quam simplicitatem in antiqua Sanctirate Öcjto bcffct in ail|t
nc|mcn fönnc, ein ge»iiffc§ Project, umb öarttO(| onöcrc fclbft
ju ttta(i|cn, |oU am ^nUc ic^gcfüßct tocröcn.
2)ic 68. f^rogc."
S35ic ba§ Sanb 5U feinen rej^ten ©eBrant^ unb ^n^en p
hingen ?
R. (5S@Ä in ött§ Sonö fomntcnoc Wtx<\^ foff fiji^ mit 8ci6 unö
^ Sect ©Ott attfo|)|fctn, attcin Hcffcn @(or^ unö @^rc
fni^cn, nnö olfo in ©ccgcn nnö l^ticöcn öicjc @röc kfi^cn, öomit
America aui| einen ©anmen ^obc, ber öcm §^rrn öicne, nnö in
©erc^tißfcit feinen Soeinbcrfl bane nnö |if(on^e, öonn too^I ijt
Öem S5oIrf Öeg ber ^%XX ein ©Ott ijt. [Der einige rechte
Nutzen und Gebrauch eines Landes, in Ansehen eines
Menschen, ist, dass derselbe darinne dem Leibe nach als
in einem Gefängniss nothdürftig unterhalten werde, bis zu
seiner Wiederbringung in seinen vorigen Stand. Mittler
Zeit soll er der Creatur als ein Herr vorstehen, dieselbe
zur Ehre Gottes auf opfern, und also im Seegen und Frie-
den die Erde besitzen. Solches solte ja auch billig bey
singulis individuis in America beobachtet werden, aber
weil das reich Gottes selbst gleich ist einem Netze, das
voll guter und böser Fische was wil das corruftibile terrae
corpus nicht seyn? Doch wie die ädern der besten Metalle
durch die grosse und finstere Massen der Erden durch
laufen und dieselbe gleichsam durch ihre Dämpfe vermit-
telst der Sonnen und des Mondes tingiren und saltzen.
Also lauft die Lebens linie und das Geschlechts-Register
ä9 Question LX in MSS.
Falckner's '■'■ Cur ietise Nachricht. ^^ 177
The 68th Question.
How to develop the country and bring about its
proper uses and advantages.
^1 THE only proper use and advantage of a country in
J M [ the sight of man, according to the body, is that
therein, as one in a prison, they be supported with what is
absolutely necessary, until a restoration to their former
condition. In the meantime one should present the crea-
ture as a man, and offer it up for the glory of God, and at
the same time enjoy the earth in peace and tranquility.
Such could be truly observed about single individuals in
America.®^ But as the realm of God is like a net that is
full of fish both good and bad, what can we expect from
the earth's corruptible body? But, as the veins of the
most precious metals run through the great and dark
masses of the earth, and by means of the sun and moon
as it were, bedew and season the same by their exhala-
tions, so also runs the vital line and the genealogical pedi-
gree of our Lord Jesus Christ, in single cases, as firstlings
of the spirit, through all nations and races, according as
the nations become pregnant in the faith of Abraham.
Consequently America will also produce seed, that will
serve the Lord, hold forth in righteousness, and plant the
land and vineyards. In the meantime let Tyre and Sidon
plant cities for their children, and Merchants of Merari,
or such as deem themselves wise, seek ever according to
their impulse and manner, their wisdom's part. We say,
happy are they who go thus. But fortunate are the people
whose Lord is God. What otherwise concerns the order
178 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
unseres Herrn Jesu Christi in einzelnen Nahmen, als Erst-
linge des Geistes durch alle Völker und Geschlechter dar-
nach die Volker als in dem Glauben Abrahams gesegnet
werden. Also wird America auch Saamen haben, der
dem Herrn dienet und in Gerechtigkeit predigen, Land
und Weinberge pflantzen wird. Es baue und pflantze in-
zwischen Tyron und Sidon ihren Kindern Städte, und die
Kaufleute von Merari oder die sich klug dünken, suchen
immerhin nach ihren Trieb und Weise ihrer Weissheit
Theil. Wir sagen wohl dem, dem es also gehet, aber
wohl dem volk des der Herr ein Gott ist.] ^ic Oriinung
öcr cuffcrtiii^cn Cultivirung öicfcö Öonöcg, löffct |i^ itid^t ttifo in
bic ^ür^c foffcn, no^ auii^ o^nc bic toüri!(ir^e Application rcii^t
tjcrftcl^ctt, Jücttctt bog Sotl^crfcl^ctt einige ^tttße ßtöffer, unb
einige f(einei* mad^et, M fte in ber X^at feI6jit jtnb.
®te 69. forage."
Sann ß^^riftüc^c Scntc IJincin [kommen] niottcn, btc
grok cnffcrüdic 5(rBctt nit^t öcrrit^tcn fönncn, mic
man fic ^u gcBran^cn toiffc, nnb tute fic fit^
nähren Bnncn. OB bnrc^ Information,
flbcr no^ nff anbcrc SBeifc ?
R. (^9lomme Öcntc, ^\t feiner Rotten 5(rBeit Üinnen borfiei^en,
X3 nnb ani^ feine Wxiiti i^nkn, bie ntiiffen e§ nnf ben
©ianöen ber ®|ierUnöe, nnb be8 öilicn anf bcm l^elbe anfangen,
bann fan ^^ii nnfere 8ce(e ftarif madjen, fo fan er ant^ nnfcrn
Öeib jtorrf marken, toeil er ifjn on^ bon ben 3!obten anfertiieifen
toill, toer t^nt nia§ er fan, nnb lebt in ©otteöfnrii^t, ben miU ber
■*<> Question LXI in MSS.
Falckner's '•'■ Cur ieuse Nachricht.'''' 179
of outward civilization of the land is not to be compre-
hended by any abbreviated form, nor rightly understood
without an actual application, as the preponderance of cer-
tain things makes them appear greater or smaller that they
actually are.
The 69th Question.
If Christian people want to come in, who could not
perform the ordinary rough work, how could they
be made useful, and sustain themselves? —
If through information or otherwise.
'■g'^EVOUT persons, who cannot undertake hard labor
JLJ nor have any means, they must begin with the
faith of the sparrow, and the lilies of the field, for as the
Lord can strengthen our soul, so can he also quicken our
body, even as he will awaken it from the dead. Whoso-
ever doeth what he can, and liveth in the fear of the Lord,
him will the good Lord maintain. He that hath learned
something in his youth can inform others who are ignorant.
Enfeebled persons could also be placed so as to keep an
oversight over the household and the government of chil-
dren, whereby they could obtain the necessaries of life.
Christian people who have no means, nor the capacity
for outside work, must begin upon the faith of the wild
animals, the sparrows and the lilies of the field ; not that
they should withdraw entirely from the divine order
and their obligations thereto. On the other hand, to
i8o The Pennsylvania- German Society.
licbc ©Ott fi^on crnö^rcn. 2ßcr cttoog in feiner Sußettl) geters
net l^at, öer fon anbcrc HnU)i)'feniic \^m informiren. 9(u^
fönnte mon f(|nJ0(^glieiiri8e öcntc jur 5(uf[ii^t über ^au^alt;
unßen nnö ^inöcrjui^t jc^en, önrk^ fie i^rc 9lot^iiur|ft finben
fönnen.
[Christliche Leute die gar keine Mittel, auch kein Ver-
mögen zu äusserlicher Arbeit haben, müssen es auf den
Glauben der wilden Thiere, der Sperlinge und der Lilien
auf dem Felde anfangen nicht dass sie sich der Ordnung
Gottes und ihrer Schuldigkeit gantz entziehen wolten, hin-
gegen anderen alleine eine Last aufgeleget wissen, das
wäre zum wenigsten gegen die aufrichtige liebe. Denn
kan Gott unsere Seele stark machen, so kan er auch unse-
ren Leib Stärcken weil er ihn auch von den Todten aufer-
wecken wil. David war nur ein schwacher Hirten-Knabe
und doch hat der Herr seine Hände lehren streiten und
seine Finger einen eisernen Bogen spannen. Wer thut,
was er kan, den muss der liebe Gott wohl ernehren, weil
Er's gesagt hat und auch thun kan. Zur information
könte wohl Rath werden vor etliche ; so könte man auch
schwachen Leuthen die Aufsicht über Hausshaltung und
Kinder anvertrauen, dabei sie ihre Nothdurft finden können
doch wird es auch den Schwachen, höchst zu recomendiren
seyn, dass sie sich wie die K.mder g-rada Um zu einer meh-
reren motion und Arbeit gewöhnen, weil die Gesundheit
vieler von Mutter-Leibe an kränklichen Körper auf solche
Weise kan recu^eriret und erhalten werden, davon ich mich
selbst zu einem lebendigen Beweisthum darstellen kan.]
Falckner's ^'■Curieuse Nachricht.'''^ i8i
thrust themselves as a burden upon others, that would
at least be far from sincere charity. For, as God can
strengthen the soul, so can He also strengthen our bodies,
as well as resurrect them from the dead. David was
only a weak shepherd boy, and yet the Lord endowed
his hands with strength and his fingers with power to draw
an'iron bow. He that doeth what he can, him the dear
Lord will amply support, as he hath said it, and can also
do it. For the information of some, counsel might be of
avail. Thus, delicate persons might be entrusted with an
oversight of a household or of children, whereby they
could gain the necessaries of life ; although it might be
well to recommed to the weak and delicate that they, like
children, should gradually take more and more exercise,
so as to accustom themselves to labor, as the health of
many who were sickly from their birth was recuperated
and maintained by these means. Of which I can present
myself as a living example.
i82 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
S)ic 70. Srasc"
2Bann neue (S^olonien ^inctn fömmcn, oB fie ftt^ 5U ben
alten ft^kgen muffen, ober oö fie felBft cine neue
'Zi^\si anrieten fönnen ?
^ ^rfol^ruttg aitöeter tocifcn, unö i^rc eigene SBeiPcit
ftt^rcn Ittffcn, Experto credo Ruperto. ^e§ 9taumö ^alicr
lönnctt fie gor too|( in öen alten Kolonien bleiben, nnb öon
benen, öie f(^on ettonS ßcmiffcS in i|ten ©ccten ßefaffet ^nbcn,
mt\x lernen nnö abfegen, al8 in Camagna auö öer teeren Sufft.
[Es ist rathsam, dass sich neue Ankommer durch die
Erfahrung anderer weisen, und ihre eigene Weissheit,
welche ihrem besten h\syNQi\&n j>7-aefudicirlich, fahren lasse,
exfert credo Ru^erto. Des Raumes halber können, sie
noch wohl in den alten Colonien bleiben, der Freiheit hal-
ber können sie auch neue Städte anlegen, doch ist es gut,
dass man die alten unvermögenden, welche ihre Dienste
schon in dieser weit gethan und etwas gewisses in ihren
Seelen haben auf denjenigen was vorher bearbeitet ist,
zurücke lässt und nur die Jungen unter weiser Aufsicht und
Anführung weiter fortsendet doch so dass man ihnen in
einer kleinen Tagereise assistiren könne, so bliebe die
Jugend auch fein in einerley Weise und lernete sich nicht
aufs neue umsehen nach den Töchtern der Menschen mann
dürfte auch auf solche weise im 3ten und 4ten Glied eine
bessere generation sehen, und dem Herren darinnen von
Geschlecht zu Geschlecht Lob bekommen.]
*i Question LXII in MSS.
Falckner's '' Cur tens e Nachricht:' 183
The 70th Question.
When new Colonies come over, must they join one
of the old ones, or must they build a
new town for themselves.
IT is advisable that newcomers profit by the experience
of others, and abandon their own wisdom, which is fre-
quently prejudiced exferto crede Ru^erto. So far as the
room is concerned, they might still remain with the old
colonies. For the sake of freedom they might found new
towns. Yet it is advisable that the aged and indigent, who
have long since fulfilled their mission in this world, and
have an assurance within their souls, be left where the
ground is already cultivated, and merely push forward the
youth under the supervision of a tutor, yet not further than
where assistance could reach them within a short day's
journey. Then the youth would also remain genteely in
the ways of simplicity, and learn not to seek anew after
the daughters of man. We might in this manner obtain
better species in the third and fourth generations, and the
Lord obtain praise from generation to generation.
184 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
2ßai§ für S^orfd^läg p einer folt^en neuen ©olonia yx
t^un fctje ?
R. ^^@@S ifort ol^ne Consens uitö ©c^roti^ett öcrcr ^crtn
^^ ©oukrnatoren im Sanbc nir^t gcft^c^^cn, öiefcn ijl bet
9Jlangc( Oct ottcn äßctt öcfannt, unö öicfc ^akn mit einem nü^s
terneit ©emüt^e |i|oii afigefe^en, mie fie öie neue 2Belt an ©ots
te@fur(!§t ViXC^ %^itxi ^t^ivi^txi gerne angearbnet l^ätten. ^en
S^orf(i^n^ on eufferlit^en 3)littetn mitö niemanb t|nn, fons
tiern tiag !Sant) mu§ i^m fe(6|it t^un, unii ©otteS ®$i(fs
ung. ^og SSerrf öe§ §@rrn nkr toirti Supernaturaliter
fortge)if(an^et nnö erhalten, e§ mn^ ^^ nur (eiöen, fr^miegen
unö ftiöe \üit\i, jtet§ im ^am^iffc 6c|te|en. SWit unferer euffers
(i(^en SJienfi^en §ü(ffc ift toenig ttuSjuri^ten, mo aber ©otteS
@eift in tiie ^er^eu einleud^tet, Iia ge^et aUeS ^errU(!^ tion [tatten.
[Die resolution vieler Gemüther mit eins, welche die Man-
gel der alten Welt in nüchtern Gemüth einsehen, könten
allerhand Vorschläge machen, aus welchen die besten zu
erwählen wären, der Vorschuss äusserlichen Mittel wie
viel und woher derselbe zu nehmen, sorgete ich gar nicht,
weil das Land selbst viel Vorschuss thut und Gottes Werck
muss sich ohne das mehr durch die Welt schmiegen in
Leid und Kampf, als dass es von denselben mit ernstlicher
Hülfe solte befordert werden.]
•*2 Question LXIII in MSS.
Falckner's ^^ Cur tense Nachricht." 185
The 71st Question.
What suggestions are to be made to such
a new colony ?
mHIS cannot be done in this country without the con-
sent and advice of the Lord Governors, to whom
the deficiencies of the old world are known, and these have
to consider in sober earnest, how the new world is to be
advanced in the fear of the Lord, and by suitable structure.
No advance of material means will be offered by anyone,
but the country must furnish this itself with the dispensa-
tion of providence. The work of the Lord, however, will
be extended and maintained supernaturally, we must only
continue in the warfare with endurance, humility and
patience. With outward human help little is to be accom-
plished, but where the Lord's spirit illuminates the heart
there all succeeds gloriously.
[The resolutions of many dispositions with one that in
sober mind understanding the shortcomings of the old
world, could make all manner of propositions, from which
the best could be selected. The advancement of material
means, how much and whence they are to be obtained, I
give no consideration. The country itself offers much for
one's advancement, and the work of the Lord must be
extended, without any further cringing through life in sor-
row and strife, but with the earnest assistance of the same.]
1 86 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
2)ic 72, Swßc/
SBtc in specie c§ bamtt cin5urit^tctt "^^^ bie 9lai^fom=
men fit^ einer gnten Orbnung in alien Stiitfen
mögten 5U erfrenen \!^^v\ ?
R. Ofltty einen ptcn ©runb ficuct fir^ ein guteg §ou^, unH
tigfeit Übcrfl^ttienßÜd). [doch muss man in unserer Zeit der
graduum templi Salomonia nicht vergessen, dass man von
einem nicht mehr fördere als er leisten könne, noch auch
durch gesetzlichen Vorzug und Ordnung einer solchen
Wahl sich merken lasse, dadurch an einer Seite Ambition
und Herrschaft an der anderen Seite heimlicher Neid und
Verleumdung oder Gegensatz entstehe, viel mehr still-
schweigend durch Weissheit denen Starken und Schwachen
zur Besserung gefalle und weil sich diese Welt durch
autoriiate publica nicht regieren lässt, so könte man die-
selbe der Kirchen halber einem treuen Menschen samt 4
Altesten anbefehlen, äusserlichen Dinge halber aber i oder
2 nach den Englischen Rechten gesetezte Friedens-Richter
zu sorgfältiger Aufsicht und treuen Ordnern, so würde
nicht leicht ein Casus fürfallen damit man die hohe Landes
Obrigkeit weiter beschweren müsste.] dg mu^ Auctoritas
aliqua publica öobct) fc^n, öic ^itii^ensSa^en mn§ man einem
öciftüt^en ^orjite^cr nefift 4. 5(e(tiftcn bcfc^cn, ütc öa xn^i ouf
einer Seiten ambition unö ^errfii^offt fnt^en, unö ouff Öer
anöern Seiten |eimUii^en 9leiJ) nnb S5er(eum6iiung, bcr Sanffts
miit^ige ^dfug mn^ i^ncn aug öcm C>erl?cn nnb ong öem Ringes
fid^te (endeten. 3n eufferlii^en tneUtii^cn fingen nar^ üen dngs
Ii|(^en Jftei^ten unö ©cfe^en ^^ricöcngs^ir^tcr ju foreföltiöer
9(ttf|til^t tierorbnen.
<ä Question I.XIV in MSS.
Falckner's ''Curieuse Nachricht.'' 187
The 72nd Question.
How in particular to make arrangements so that those
who follow may enjoy good order in every way.
y I 'PON solid ground a good house may be built, and
CJL when depravity is checked, then righteousness in-
creases boundlessly, although in our time we must not
forget the graduum te^nfli Salomonis^ and not demand
more of any person than he is capable of. In making
such selection by lawful preference and regulation, we
must remember that thereby upon one side we have ambi-
tion and domination, and upon the other side either secret
envy or calumny which appears in contradistinction to the
other.
Better silence in wisdom, guide the strong and feeble
toward reformation, and as the world will not be ruled by
public authority, the same on account of the church might
be entrusted into the hands of some trusty and faithful
man, together with four elders. But for outward affairs
let one or two Justices of the Peace be installed according
to the English law, as careful supervisors and trusty reg-
ulators. Then a case would rarely occur which would
have to be appealed to the supreme authority.^*
There must be at least some public authority. Church
affairs must be ordered by a spiritual leader with four
elders, who neither seek ambition and power upon one side,
nor practice secret envy and calumniation upon the other.
The meek and gentle Jesus must be in their hearts, and
shine out of their countenance. In outward worldly matters,
a Justice of the Peace must keep a careful oversight ac-
cording to the English rights and laws.
i88 The Pennsylvania- German Society,
2)ie 73. S-ragc."
Sit toaig für Crbnung bic jc^tgcn (Solonicn ftc^cn ? tote
ftc üpm SJlagiftrat regieret ttierben ? toie bem ^iifen
gcttJc^ret, unb ba^ @ute Belohnet ttiirb ?
R. (!^S^ if^tßf« G^olonictt tocröctt unter Guberaatoribus, na^
^ iicn ^ngUfj^Ctt ©cfe^en, rcgirt, [und gefallen mir
dieselbigen sehr wohl, weil sie die Freiheit geben und
nicht absolut tyrannisch sind, so weiss ich auch dass nach
der instruction der Friedens-Richter in einer derselben
mehr Autorität in Publico das Böse zu strafen hat, als kein
Prediger hierin öffentlich nehmen darf.] unb (eben bie
f^rtebengs^ir^ter in gtoffer Auctorität, cum plenipotentia, bag
ISäfe mit @rn|t abjufttaffen.
2!ßa§ man gute§ unb D^et^tf^affene^ barunter finbe ?
R- <^<S^ gegekne ©efe^c fmb bermojfen gut, bnfe eä ni^t
^ tiiol^t übet jugel^en fnn, e§ fet) bann, ba^ ööfe 9icgcnten
in§ öanb fönten, bie ba @ott unb ber SSa^r^eit feinb mären.
[Man kann sich die wähl bey Lesung Englischer Gesetz
Bücher machen, nur das die Volks-Menge bey uns nicht
so gross und dahero so leicht keine Unterschleif gegen die
guten Gesetze geschehen kan. Es sey denn das böse Re-
genten wären.]
44 Question LXV in MSS.
•»s Question LXVI in MSS.
Falckner's '■^ Cur tense Nachricht.''' 189
The 73rd Question.
Under what regulations do the present Colonies stand,
and how are they governed by the Magistrates ?
How is evil combated and the good encouraged ?
mHE present colonies are governed according to the
English law, which pleases me greatly as there is
ample freedom, and no absolute tyranny. I also know
that according to the instruction of the Justices of the
Peace in England, they have a greater authority in -publico
to punish the evil than any preacher dare assume publicly.
The 74th Question.
What is to be found amongst them, that is good and
righteous ?
fTtHE given laws are good to such a degree that matters
J i [ can hardly go amiss, be it then that bad rulers come
into the country, who would be a foe to God and Truth.
By reading the English law books, one can make his
own selection, bearing in mind that the population with us
is not nearly so great, and therefore the beneficent laws
cannot readily be circumvented, it be then that the rulers
are bad.
igo The Pennsylvania-German Society.
2)ic 75. Sragc."
2öic bte Stäbtc in Pensylvanicn attc ^ciffcn ? tote teicit
fie öon einanber gelegen ? an toa^ fur S^üffcn ? toa)^
fie für ^emätftlit^feit ^akn ? toie tiiel Käufer
unb ©tnttio^ner ? dB tit einer jeben ^iti^i
uttterft^iebli^c Secten unb Oieligionen ?
ober [in einige] nur eine ?
R. ^^^^ER nähme der meisten städte in Pennsylvanien
\^ sind diese] %Xi Pensylvania ift llic §0U^t:8tttÖt
Philadelphia, o(jttöcfc^r Hon [1300 bis] 1400. §öufcrn kftcs
l^enb, [davon die Hälfte reguläre und von Steinen und Kalk
wohl aufgeführte Häuser sind] Puclingthon ttU§ [ohnge-
fehr] 400. §öttfcrn [bestehend] Chester 200. Neu Castle
300. Salem [mehr denn] 100. Germantown [ohngefehr
über 50.] 150. ^rottcffurt [40] 45. Barby 40. Rathnor 40.
Elisabethtown 45. [Darby, Ratnor, Elizabethtown in jeg-
licher ohngefehr 40 bis 50] toc(l|cÖ [Guelsche oder Gualli-
sche Städte und noch andere Dörfer von einzeln Häuser um
sich haben] @tottif(^e Stöötc jinii, too knc6cn§ no^ onöcre
2)ör|fct tnit cinjclcn Käufern anzutreffen. 2)ic [Fals] g^fat^
ift mit ^oaänöern nnö SSibertttuffcrn ktuo^nt. Passagin unö
Christina finÖ ©^toeöiff^e Oerter [und viele einzelne Plan-
tagien auf und nieder der River Shulkil und Christinakil
haben] @g giöt ou^ Diel cinjetc Plantagien toon 4. 5. 6. unÖ
me|t ^Öttfern ktlfammen. [Hiernächst sind auch viele Dör-
fer und einzelene Plantagien hin und wieder von 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, etc. Häusern beisamen]
*6 Question LXVII in MSS.
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Falckner's '■^Curieuse JVachrtcht." 191
The 75th Question.
How are all the towns in Pennsylvania named, and
how far are they apart, upon what rivers and
their conveniences, the number of houses
and inhabitants, and if in every town
there are divers sects and re-
ligions, or only one ?
*^-»HE names of the chief towns in Pennsylvania are :
\z/ the City of Philadelphia, of about thirteen to four-
teen hundred houses, of which number about one half are
regularly built of stone and lime ; '^■' Porlington ^^ consists
of about 400 houses ; Chester, of about 200 ; New Castle,
300; Salem, more than 100; Germantown, about over
50 ; Frankfort 40 ; Darby, Radnor, Elizabethtown each
about 40 to 50, which are Welsh or Gaelic towns, with
sundry villages of scattered houses. The Falls ^^ is settled
by many Hollanders and Anabaptists. Passajim ^ and
Christina are settlements of the Swedes, who have many
separate plantations on the rivers Schuylkill and Chris-
tinakil. Hereabout there are also many villages and
single settlements of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, etc., houses together.
The sects and religious parties live among one another.
Of the rivers, see Question LH, together with other no-
table conditions in the future.
192 The Pennsylvania- Ger^nan Society.
%\t Sectcn unii ^cügiou§=5JJartI)ci|cn leben mit [unter] ein:
ander, i)oi^ fint) an einem ^xi bon tier einen me^r a(g bon tier
anöern. '^m <ytüffen vide Supra, [wie oben Ques. LH
credacht nebst anderen Notabein umständen künftig]
2)ic 76. Sratjc."
[Wohin und auf was weise oder] Söorirttt am mciftcn
in Pensylvania gcfjanbclt ttJcrbe?
R. ttfll® Pensylvania mit SUlefjI, 3tol)6n(fen, ftartf Sier,
♦^^ Jöutter, Atäfe, geräut^ert \\\\^ ßflft^Jf« tftcifr^, gefataene
(yif(^c, :c. fafjrcn gen Barbados, Jamaica nnii Antego. üBon
iior bringen fie jnrürf SBeine, Rummi otier Söranöüiein, 8!jrn^;i,
^nrfer, ijJfcffer, Sngbcr, Öemoncn, (^kiuiirl?, JBonmtooII, Negros.
Sn ^♦ngellanJ) führen fie aUerljanii §äutc unö ^cffe, [omt föjts
tii^em ^^clt^toertfe, bringen (jinUiieuernmb ^Keitier unt) aUer^anJi
§ttu^ratfj nnö ^animierrföjeng.
[Der meiste Handel von Pennsylvanien geschieht nach
Penmidns^ Barbados^ Jamaica und Aniecho^ wohin ge-
schiffet wird Mehl, Zwieback, Starck Bier, Butter, Käse,
geräuchurt und gesaltzen Fleisch, gesaltzene Fische etc.
Von dannen kompt hinwieder zu uns Weine von Mathcra
und anderen Orten Riun das ist Brandetwein von Zucker
Rielh distilliret, Syrup, Zucker, Indigo, Jamaica Pfeffer,
Ingber, Lemonen, Melonen und andere dergleichen
Früchte und Gewürtzer. Item Baumwolle, Leder, JVegros
oder Sclaven und dergleichen. Hiernechst handelt man
nach Marienland, Virginien, Carolina, Providents. Item,
nach JVeti-jork, Neu-England, Nctt-Fundland oder Terra
*' Question LXVIII in MSS.
Falckner's '•^ Cur ieuse Nachricht." 193
The 76th Question.
The commerce of Pennsylvania, whereto, in what
manner, and where in does it consist?
YryHE chief commerce of Pennsylvania is with the Ber-
J 1 [ mudas, Barbadoes, Jamaica and Antigua, to which
are shipped flour, ship-biscuit strong beer, butter, cheese,
smoked and salted meats, salt fish, etc. In return, there
comes to us wine from Madeira and other places, rum,
that is brandy made from sugar cane, distilled syrup,
sugar, indigo, Jamaica pepper, ginger, lemons, melons,
and similar fruits and spices ; likewise cotton, hides,
negroes and slaves and the like. Besides, we trade with
Maryland, Virginia, Carolina, and Providence, likewise
with New York, New England, Newfoundland and Terra
Nova, sending the same merchandize and receiving for
them money or such products as they have there, namely
tobacco, salted fish, whale oil, tar, hemp, flax, boards,
beef and pork, etc. For England, vessels are loaded with
skins, peltries and tobacco, and in return bring us house-
hold stuffs, and clothing, and occasionally also men servants
and maids, who are chiefly Irish and Scotch.
194 l^he Pennsylvania- German Society.
nova mit eben denselbigen dingen, und bekompt vor seine
Wahren Geld oder andere Wahren als da sind ; Toback,
Saltzfisch, Thran, Ther, Hanf, Flachs, Bretter, Eisen,
Syder oder Apfelthrank, Fleisch in Tonnen, Rind oder
Schweinefleisch etc. Nach Engeland gehen Schiffe mit
Fell-Peltzerey und Toback beladen und bringen uns hin-
wieder Hausrath und Kleidung, zuweilen auch Knechte
und Mägde in specie Irländer und Schottländer.]
2)ie 77. Smgc."
5(uf toaö SBctfc man fi^ bcffcn ^u einem SBurt^etl in @r=
toeiterung bc)^ O^iei^^ %^iit^ kbienen fönne ?
^ öut(| 9ici^t^umb öct ^aufflcutc ßcfr^cl^cn folic, fo toüröc
e3 S^t^i darmit ^erge^en, tioii^ (augne iii^ ni(|t a6, iia^ nid^t ))ct
gütige ©Ott öutrl^ fromme unö ertcu^tete dfjriften >o\t{ guteg
auSriii^ten fönne.
[Es ist sonst leichter nach dem Ausspruch der Wahr-
heit, dass ein Kamel ins Nadelöhr eingehe, denn dass ein
Reicher ins Himmelreich komme. So möchte es auch
wohl leichter sein, dass sich das Reich Gottes aus seinen
eigenen Mitteln erweiterte, denn dass es auf den Reich-
thumb der Kaufleute, die es so geschwind und mit Haufen
gewinnen können, darauf warten und sich davon aufhelfen
lassen solle ; doch leugne ich nicht, dass recht fromme
Christliche Gemüther viel guts bey Gelegenheit der Hand-
lung ausrichten können, aber sie sind dünne gesäet, doch
sind derselben und können sie hier vor mich am besten
aufs neue umsehen nach den Töchtern der Menschen mann
4 8 Question LXIX in MSS.
FaJckner's ^^Curieuse Nachricht. ^^ 195
The 77th Ouestion.
In what manner could this be made to serve to the
advantage and extention of the kingdom of God?
mHE kingdom of God extendeth itself, if it were to
depend upon the riches of merchants, it would
fare badly therewith, though I do not deny that the good
Lord could effect much good through devout and enlight-
ened Christians.
According to the truthful saying it is far easier " for a
camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich
man to enter into the kingdom of God." Thus the King-
dom of God might be more easily extended by its own
expedients than by waiting on the pleasure or depending
upon the wealth of the merchants, who can so rapidly amass
it. Yet I do not deny that some right devout Christian
souls could effect much good as the opportunity presents
itself in their traffic. But such are sowed sparsely, although
there are some who can here best answer for me, if any-
thing like this should come to pass. To be competent,
the naturalization as well as citizenship should be acquired
in London ; thus one or two nonmie tnultoi'tmi or even an
entire German colony could trade free-handed, according
to the English law, with London, Bristol, New York and
all royal plantations enumerated in Question LXVIIL
Internal commerce every one pursues in his own province
as well as he can.
196 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
antworten. Doch wenn etwas dergleichen geschehen soll,
so hinlänglicht seyn könte, so müsste man die naturalisa-
tion zugleich mit dem Bürger-Recht in London Annehmen
und also einer oder zwei nomine multorum oder gar einer
ganzen Deutschen Colonie auss freyer Hand nach dem
englischen Recht nach London, Bristol, Newyork und alle
Königlichen numero quaest. LXIIX. berührte Plantagen
handeln. Inländischen Handel treibet ein jeder in seiner
Province so guth er kann.]
2)ic 78. ^mge."
Sßamt barburiä^ bcm 9lcit^c (Bottc^ einiger 'B^ti\st ge=
ft^i^et, p6 ttit^t folgern auf einige Söeije 5U Begegnen?
R. <n[^<S^ ßtofe Öcr %^^t fct), [und seyn könne] itt Ücfcr
"^ (entern @rutttifu|i)iett licr 2Bc(t loffcf fi^ ba^ero [ab-
nehmen] juiiicitctt, tocif @ottc§ 2Bort XiVi^ bic IRcIißtott felbjit
3tt einem beröommUt^en Commercio gewollt toorben ift. [dass
man den Schaden ins allgemeine zu helfen nicht absehen
kan. Was will man denn nun von der Handlung sagen,
weil darinnen ein oder zwei Menschen, wass die Essential
oder Grund-Peg-tcln betrifft, nichts ändern können. Doch
wie die Creatur, wider ihren Willen der Eitelkeit unter-
worfen ist auf Hoffnung so möchten fromme Kaufleute
solcher-gestalt auch im äusseren ihren Dienst gar füglich
und in Gottes willen anwenden und selbst durch fleissiges
Gebeth und gute Betrachtung ihrem Gewissen satisfaction
geben und ihrer Hand-Arbeit, dass sie im Seegen gethan
sey beweisen können.] ^a fan Wttn fajit feine ^ütffe abfegen,
-»9 Question LXX in MSS.
Falckner's '■^ Cur ieuse Nachricht.'''' 197
The 78th Question.
Should anything arise thereby prejudicial to the King-
dom of God, could it not be overcome
in some manner?
* 1^ OW extensive the damage is or might be in these
fX_^ our final dregs ^'' of the world, may be judged by
the fact that even God's Holy Word and religion itself
have been turned into a damnable traffic, so that in general
it is hard to see how the damage can be repaired. Now
what shall we say about an action where one or two persons
cannot alter what concerns the essentials or fundamental
law? But as the creature is subjected against its will to
vanity in hope, so might devout merchants of such calibre
so dispose their services in outward matters as to apply
them unto the will of God, and personally by diligent
prayer and self-contemplation of conscience give satisfac-
tion, and by their labor prove that it was done in the spirit.
igS The Pennsylvania- German Society.
ttttö xm\ off^ier bic ^rcotur toibcr i^rcn 23ßitten öcr ©itclfcit
ttittcrtoorffctt fctjit, W\ öo§ öcr Siebe @ott auff unfer flciffiöeS
geltet nai| feinem SBo^lgefaUen üenen üeben Peinigen Rettung
toetf^offet.
Sic 79. Smgc."
2öa^ tjun Particulier ^tftoricn kfarntt ift, fo fi(^ mit
bencn SBitbcn 5ugetragctt?
R. giUC) ©Ott Öttö Sektt fnftet, fo iiiiff i^ m^ 6et) meinem
^^^ retour in Pensylvanien tttte§ gcnan etlnnbigen, toog
fi(^ bei) 50. nnö 60. ^o^ren ^toifi^en Hcncn SBilöen, ©(^mcJien,
3^eut)(^en, §oK; unö ^ngeffänöern jugetragen, unö fo iann anff
liiefe ^rage antworten.
[Hierzu mangelt mir die Zeit und wolte wünschen, dass
das was ich hin und wieder bei guten Freunden erzehlet,
aufgeschrieben wäre. Wo ich lebe so will ich mich mit
Gottes Hülfe bey meinen guten Freunden legitimiren und
auch der qtiaest. LXXII. genug thun mit Bericht aller
■particular en^ so diese 50 bis 60 jähre hiero zwischen den
Wilden, Schweden, Holländern und Engländern passiret,
ordentlich zusammenfassen.]
60 Question I<XXI in MSS.
F'alckner's '''■ Cur iezise Nachricht.'''' 199
The 79th Question.
What particular histories are known concerning
the savages ?
HOR this the time is lacking, and I would that what I
had related here and there to good friends were
written out. If I live and with the help of the Lord, I
expect to prove my intentions with my good friends and
thereby do full justice to Question LXXII in all particu-
lars, and gather what has thus far taken place for the past
50 or 60 years between the savages and the Swedes, Hol-
landers and English.
QUESTION LXXII IN FRANCKE MSS.
Likewise traditions current among the settlers them-
selves who have come to America, which
would give some good reminiscences
of accounts thereof.
rrf HIS question is No. LXXII in the original list of
J 1 [ questions by Francke, vide p. 56 supra it does not
appear to have been answered in either the manuscript or
printed version.
200 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
2öa^ Don bcm ^wf^'itti'c anbcrer Sänber unb Qitfuln in
America kfannt \\i, fonberli^ toegcn bc^ 3"=
ftanb§ ^^riftlit^cr OlcUgion? [Imprimis
quoad statum Religionis Christianae ?
R. r^^NTER andern ist dieses kürtzlich das Vornehmste]
[14^ Virginia tjt ollcitt utttnittelöar, Öut^ Öcit Revers bcä
^öntp, als ein fre^eg ^önipei^ Dorkl^atten, unü fan an feinen
§errcn absolut öerfanfft oöer Vergeben toerben, öeötoegen nnii^
iicffetben ©rängen nit limitirt jinö usque ad mare pacificum.
[Sondern wo die anderen provincieu aufhören, da ist Vir-
ginien biss an das fnare dela Nord oder -pacifiaim, davon
wie weit es dahin sey, wir noch keine Nachricht haben,
vermuthlich dass es viel loo Meilen in specie nach Nord-
west und West. Die übrigen Provincien sind meisten-
theils an Lords oder grosse Herren von Engeland ihrer
meriten halber übergeben. Doch limitate^ dass sie Vasal-
len vom Königreich und die Englische Kirche als die
Haupt Säule des Königs-reiches ihrer Freyheit nach dero
hergebrachten Statiitis ^raetendiret.'] Pensylvania ift an
^tin^ SBittiam Penn tiom ^önig in ^ngettanö übergekn, iio(^
limitate o(8 Vasallen tiom «tönigrcici^e. S« Pensylvanien
tocrDen alle Sectcn, auffer .^niien, nnb 5(tl§eijiten, öie ^l^njtnm
offenba|r öertangnen [nicht allein] geönttet. [Sondern es
wird denselben auch ihr freies cxercitium Religionis ver-
gönnet, und werden dabei -publica aiitoritate ungestöret
geschützet, ja sie werden von allerhand Arth Leuten ad
officia -publica admittirct^ und wird von keinen mehr gefor-
dert, als dass er nur ein guter Bürger sey. Dieses ist in
" Question I^XXII in MSS.
Falckyier's ^^Curieuse JVackricht." 201
The 80th Question.
What is known about the condition of the other coun-
tries and islands in America: imprimis quoad
statiim religionis Christianen.
AMONG the others this"^ one is of late the foremost.
Virginia is the only one retained by the King's
immediate declaration as a free kingdom, and cannot be
sold nor granted to any lord absolutely. Therefore its
boundaries are unlimited, and wherever another province
ends, it becomes Virginia, until the Polar and Pacific Ocean
is reached. How far this is, we as yet have no advice.
Presumably it is many hundreds of miles towards the north-
west and west. The other provinces are chiefly granted
to the lords or great men of England for different merits,
though they are so limited as to be vassals to the crown ;
and the established church, as the chief pillar of the
kingdom, maintains the freedom of its pretentions accord-
ing to the statute.
In Pennsylvania all sects except the Jews and such as
absolutely deny Christianity, are not only countenanced,
but they are granted the free exercise of their religion and
are undisturbed and protected by the public authorities.
Yea, all sorts and conditions are admitted to public office,
and nothing is asked any more of one, than that he shall
be a good citizen.
This is different in Maryland, Virginia, New England,
etc., for there the sects are countenanced, as are the Jews ;
but the public exercise of their religion is forbidden, yet
in private they may conduct their worship undisturbed.
202 The Pennsylvania- Ger 7nan Society.
Marienland, Virginien, Neu England etc. nicht also, den
allda duldet man die Secten wol, wie auch die Juden, aber
das letztere ist ihnen versaget, doch mögen sie -privatim
ungestöret ihren Gottesdienst halten.]
2)ie 81. i^rage.
SBic in Pensylvania mit einigem G^a^ital ein Profit 5U
matten ?
R. C\G;§ toiff Ijicr ein Project cnttocrffctt, ttiie man ein do^is
öcö 6;$riftcnt^umi§ 5(ufnttl^mc antcßcn fönnc :
1. ^(i^ Icßc tttt 4000. S^olct an an ^auffmonngsSlötttttc, imbon
follcn not^öürfftig Unterkonten tocröcn 8. ^crfoncn uff 2.
%^\X tttUß.
2. Sotten ßcfoufft toeröen 1000. 5(erfer SonöeS.
3. ^orouf fott gebouet mertien tiie not^öütfftige ltnter|oltung
für §ouPo(tung, SJicnf^en unö S>iel^e.
4. 3u rouffen 2. Stuten 1. ^engft 2. gJfluß^feriie 2. 0(|fen.
5. 6. Äü^e nitt ^ölkrn oöer tröri^tiö.
6. 4. Söu mit Sungcn oöer trö(|tig.
7. 9lot^tt)eniiiöe8 ©cf^irr fombt berer continuirli^en S^erbeffes
rung.
2)iefc§ an^geleote G^o^ital bcr 4000» X^ater foÄ in 5.
Solaren ertroßen.
1. ^cn (©otö unö recompens für 2. Praeceptores oöer Profes-
sores Publicos.
2. ^en ©Olli für 2. tne^te unti 2. S^lcgbc in öcr §au^= unö ^etös
5(r6eit.
Falckner's ^'■Curietise IVachricht." 203
The 8 I St Question.
How to make a profit with some capital in Penn-
sylvania.
* 1^ ERE I will map out a project how a capital may be
, I ^ placed advantageously to give quickr eturns, and
at the same time revert to God's glory and the advancement
of Christianity.
(i) I invest 4000 thaler in merchandize, wherefrom
shall be economically supported eight persons for a term
of two years :
(2) There shall be bought 1000 acres of land.
(3) Buildings shall be erected thereon for the mere
support of the households, people and cattle.
(4) To buy 2 brood mares, i stallion, 2 plough horses, 2
oxen.
(5) 6 cows with calf or gravid.
(6) 4 sows with litter or pig.
(7) Necessary implements together with continual better-
ments.
This invested capital of 4000 thaler shall yield within
five years :
(i) The salary and recompense for two preceptors or
public teachers.
(2) The salary for the servants and two maids for work
in house and field.
(3) Stipend for a preacher, who not as a lord over the
people, but as a servant of Jesus Christ and the congre-
gation teaches auctoritate publica in the church and in
204 '^^^ Pennsylvania- German Society,
3. ^ctt 8o(ö cincö ^rcöigcrS, öer nij^t olö ein §ctr iic§ %M^,
fonöcrn alä ein ^nci^t %%\Vi 6|rifti, unö öcr ^iri|cns@ncs
iicr auctoritatepublica in Öcr ^ir(|cn Ic^rc, nnö in ©cfctts
f^oft 4. ttltcr öcrftänöigcr frommer SDlänner, M WxXMtXiXi
jten rij^te, barneben @otte§ SBort o(8 ©otteS SBort in
ßttnterfeit lireöigc oi^ne !Olenfii^en;@o^ung nnö anathema-
tisirenöe f^ormen.
Ukr flüigc ^cfolbungcn ucrBlctkt am ^orrat^ noc^ fo
toief übrig, öa^ man
1. ©eteßcn^eit ^at, o^nc ©(i^ttöen ©nftfre^ jn fet)n.
2. i5t*cwbiiünge unö 2Bi(lie jn be^erberßen.
3. S^ne, .^(eiöer unö ^on^gerät^e jn berf^offen.
4. ®ein gnn^eg §au§toc[cn mit aller 9lot^imr|ft jn tierfe^cn.
AUSFÜHRLICHER PLAN IM HALLESCHEN MANUSCRIPT.
Falckner's ^^Curieuse JVachrt'cht." 205
conjunction with four old intelligent devout men directs, at
the same time preaching God's word as God's word in all
its purity, without any human statutes and anathemizing
forms.
In addition to above charges there remains on hand enough,
that we have :
(i) An opportunity to be hospitable without loss.
(2) To entertain strangers and savages.
(3) To provide shoes, clothes, household goods.
(4) To provide the whole household economically with
all things necessary.
[The above published version of Falckner's project is a
mere abstract of the original as fonnd in the Halle Manu-
scripts— the whole scheme is reproduced on the pages fol-
lowing the Additamentum ^iestionum.'\
ADDITAMENTUM
QüiESTlONUM.
2){c 82. %vaQt:'
235oran in America SOlangcl fct) ?
R. «XOrnci^mnt^ [ist] an SJlenf^cn, ttnii §ttntitocrtfcrtt, ber
^ übrige äHangcI touriic (ciji^t ju erfe^cn fc^n.
S)te 83. I^ragc."
Sooner man ein jcbc^ not^uicnbigc^ ^ing kfommen fan ?
R. CITW8 ^ttgcffttnö ficifommt man öag meijitc, [nothdürftige]
"^ }ioii^ iiiann America in feinen ©tanb erjt toirö gcbra(!^t
fe^n, fo ioirö e§ fiii^ mit öenen ntciften fingen felbft l^elffen Uns
nen, bie ©erßtoerife nn\i 3)lannfoctnren motten @elö ^nkn [darzu
wir noch erst Vorbereitung machen und unseren Acker
erweitern] iintan ttiir öer ^tlt ni(^t geöenifen börffen, H§ iio8
5(tfertoerrf crttieitert unb iä^tliii^e llnter^olt jnr ©cbii^t tnerben
eingerichtet toorÖen fe^n. [was von einer jeglichen Provinz
zu erhalten sey, wird aus der vorigen quaest. Beantwortung
zu ersehen sein]
52 Question LXXIII in MSS.
ßs Question LXXIV in MSS.
2o6
ADDITAMENTUM
QUiESTlONUM.
The 8 2d Question.
Whereof is there a deficiency in America?
mHE chief deficiency consists in settlers and mechan-
ics ; the other deficiencies wherever they exist are
easily supplied.
The 83d Question.
Where are all necessary things to be obtained ?
HROM England we receive the most necessary articles,
yet as soon as America gets into its proper position,
it will be able to supply itself with almost all things.
Mines and manufactories need money ; therefore we shall
yet have to make preparations and extend our acres.
What is to be obtained from the other provinces in North
America will be seen by my answer to a previous ques-
tion.^2
207
2o8 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
SBa^ bic ^uro^äcr mv^^ ©ngellanb unb ^ottanb t)ornc^m=
R.^
ra£)9l toirö öic Sijta e^iftcng tion germ gcinrit^ peters
foil in ©rcmctt fotöf».
2)tc 85. Srage."
SBa^ man fonbcrli^ au§ ©ngcttanb unb ^ottanb 5ur 8ei=
k^= unb ©cfunb^eit=$f(cgc mit 5U Schiffe 5U ue^=
men ^akn?
R. TÄAusrath und Kleidung] ^OJl Slr^nc^sSJlittcltt Öies
Lc? jcnige Materialia, öic ein jcßü^cr in feinet gan^s
5()iot^ef nöt^iö erai^tet. [wie er etwas] 5(n (^eöiür^, G^oröes
mümmetein, 9leglein, SWnfcaten, unö SJlnfcntenslöInmen, Soffs
ton, Igimmet, Äofinen, [und dergleichen mit sich nehmen
mag, ihn solches wohl zu statten kommen, Er kan es auch
theuer wieder verkaufen. Item. Eine gute Büchse voll]
99lit^tit)at, ^l^itine, [Krebsaugen und rothe Corallen'] :c.
öjotijon mon jenfeitö im S^etJauffen pten profit wo^en fon.
54 Question LXXV in MSS.
5 5 Question LXXVI in MSS.
Falckner's ^^Curieuse N'achricht." 209
The 84th Question.
What the Europeans have chiefly to bring with them
from England and Holland.
ERE the list of Heinrich Petersen, of Bremen, will
shortly follow.
[Vide page 239.]
n
The 85th Question.
What should be taken on shipboard from Holland
and England for the special benefit of
the body and health.
a LOTHING and household goods ; of medicines,
such remedies as each person judges necessary
for his medicine chest. If they wish to take any spices
the following will prove to be of advantage : cardamon
seeds, cloves, mace, saffron, cinnamon, nutmegs, currants,
raisins and the like. They can also be sold here at a large
profit; also a good small canister of mithridate^^ and
Theriaca,^* crab's eyes and red coral.
2IO The Pennsylvania- German Society,
S)ic 86, forage."
S5c^ tocmc man ftt^ kt) feiner 5ln!nnft in America am
erften an5ume(bcn JaBe ?
R. ai^$ feinen nc^ftcn [bekanten] ^rcunHcn, uitö kt) öew
'^ Gouvernatore öc§ 8anbc§, «no [nur dieses] ijt [all
hier] p hiiffen, iio§ einer, ber in bag Sanii !ommet, fre^ fcp
moQ, too er toill, toann er m^ f^on ifeinen ^reunö \ji\\t, [nie-
mand fraget ihn und kein Verdacht oder rumor entstehet
seinet halben] e8 ijit i|we ttu^ tttteS fre^, gleiii^ naji^jut^un,
tooö er fielet einen oniiern [einwohnern] t|nn.
S){c 87 ♦ gragc."
OB auti^ einem (Snro|jäer frei) ftcje mit feinem in Ame-
rica ermorBencm @nt, micbcr na^ feinem S3eUcBen
[zurück zu kehren] ^erani^ p reifen ?
R. C%;5( tottnn er toiff, nnr mu^ erS 4. Söo^en jutior [öffent-
\5 lieh melden, ehe er wegreiset] anÖenten, iamtt, toO
jemanti ettooS gegen i^n ju fagen l^ätte, er e§ t^un möge. Unb
bontit er ungel^inbert reifen möge, fo öefommt er einen ^o^^jort
ton Öem ©UOÖernement. [Dieser Passport, wenn er mit des
Königs Siegel bedrückt ist, muss der Gouverneur selbst
solches in vollem Gewehr und Rüstung und unter aufge-
richtete Standarte verrichten.]
56 Question LXXVII in MSS.
ß' Question LXXVIII in MSS.
■ Falckner's '''■Cur teuse Nachricht.''^ 211
The 86th Question.
To whom must one report firstly upon his
arrival in America?
mo his well-known friends. How further to conduct
oneself has already been set forth in former
answers. This, however, is to be remarked, that those
who come into this country are at liberty, if they so desire,
even if they have no friends. No one questions them, and
no suspicion or rumor arises upon their account. They are
entirely at liberty to do the same as they see other inhabi-
tants do.
The 87th Question.
Is a European at liberty to return at his pleasure,
with such property as he acquired in America.?
YES, if he wants to only he must give public notice
of his intention four weeks in advance, so as to
advise any who have claims against him. Then he can
depart and go without hindrance ; a passport is granted
him by the government. If this passport has the royal
seal attached, the governor must salute it in full regi-
mentals and armour and under a raised standard.
212 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
2)ic 88. gragc."
^^tt toa^ für ^anböJcrrfi^Icutctt e^ bafc(6ft cm meiftcn
R. /j;® fiinntctt affcr^anö Gattungen 5(rbeit genug klommen,
ttig fie too|I tjcrrir^tcn fonncn. Vide plura supra quaest 2.
[Es mangelt in so weit noch an allen, ob schon welche da
sind, so haben sie doch mehr zu thun, als sie wohl verrich-
ten können. Die vornehmsten aber hab ich in der Beant-
wortung der Andern quaest. schon angeführet]
Sie 89* Srage."
2ßic t^ 'isxt Silben ktj bcm ^cgräönUi^ ijrer S^obten
galten?
R. r^^IESES habe ich zwar selbst nicht gesehen, doch
L'^ ist mir glaubwürdig erzählet] Sic ma^en ein 8ot^,
oöer @rttb, öarein fie öen Soöten tarnen, bem gekn fie etttitt§
©ffen mit, unö nefifi öemjenigen, mag er auf ^tlien fonöetö Hei
gehabt, outfj feinen Sogen m)^ Pfeile, oöer eine g-Unte, öamit er
ouf öem 2Secge jagen lönnc, üietoeil fie glauben, er reife nun
gegen tiem toarmen ober fatten iSantie, na(|))em er ne1^mti(| gut
oöer böfe gelebt ^at. ^a§ grab toirö oben mit ^öl^ern [oder
Rinden] uuö (^ra8 3ugeiierfet, unö fo öann ^röe Harauf gel^auffet.
S5e^ öemfetbcn befindet fit^ öie ^yrou mit Den ^inöcrn [und an-
verwandten] öffterö ein, unö ftageu, leben aui| eine getoiffe
E« Question LXXIX in MSS.
69 Question L,XXX in MSS.
Falckner's *' Cur ieuse Nachricht.'' 213
The 88th Question.
What manner of handicraftsmen are mostly wanting?
mHERE is a deficiency thus far of all kinds. Al-
though many are already here, they have more to
do than they can well attend to. But the most important
I have already enumerated in previous answers.
The 89th Question.
How do the savages act at the burial of their dead?
mHIS I have never witnessed, though I have received
trustworthy information that they make a hole or
grave in which they lean" the dead and also place some
food, together with his bow and arrows or a rifle, so that
he can follow the chase upon the way, as they believe he
now journeys merely toward a warm or cold country,
according to the kind of life led here. The grave is
covered with branches, bark and sod, upon which earth is
heaped. The wife, children and relatives meet there to
lament. They, however, set a certain length of time in
which they want to think of and remember the dead.
During this time they continually stir up the fresh earth on
the grave, so that no grass can grow on it. When the
time has expired, no one is permitted to mention the name
of the dead, since he is now to be forgotten, or else they
get very angry.
214 "^^^ Pennsylvania- German Society.
3cit, toic (cttftc fie icr 2Joötcn geoenrfcn toottcit, in toclt^cr ^eit
fie iiie %x^t auf Dem @ra6e immer umbrü^ren, tiamit fein @ra3
liarauf mai^fe. SBann tiie '^ixi au§ ijt, tiarff niemaitt) kg ^ers
ftorbenen 9la^men me^r nennen, mei( fie i|n nun tiergeffen, fonft
mettien fie ungehalten.
06 bcr ®t)bft^ttiur Bet) i^ncn Brftuti^lt^ ? toic folt^e^ Ae=
ft^cjc ? unb gegen ttJen fie ft^toören ?
R.^S.
S#®@8 toci^ id^ niji^t ob fie fii^toören, [und] ober Uiie
fie fi^mören ?
2)ic 91. Stage/'
DB bie Söilben ben fieknben ^ag fjeiligen ? nnb mic fie
fold) en fetjern ?
R. 0|\@^9l, i^ [redete einstens mit einem bey Gelegenheit
^^ davon] fragte einft einen, Uiarumb er am ®ontcg
arbeitete ? ^er gab mir jur 5(ntliiort ! @r muffe am Montag
fo mo|( effen, aB am anbern Sage, barumb müfte er jagen, mann
er aber fc^on ettoa§ ^iiit, bann l^ictte er Sonntag, ^ie Sacca-
racca (ober bie t^fttujöfifi^c ^«bianer) meldte bie i^ranjofen ju
i^rem ©lauben folten befe^ret ^aben, bie Ratten '^t^ Sontag.
2Be((^e8 bie anbern ^nbiancr ju i^rem ä^ortl^eit gcbraud^en, unb
fie an bemfetben feinbliii^ überfallen, unb tobten. [Dahin wie-
der die Frantzosen zur PcBuitcnz vor ihrer Sünden den
wilden auflegen, so viel von denen andern zu tödten oder
«0 Question LXXXI in MSS.
" Question LXXXII in MSS.
Falckner's ''Curteuse Nachricht.''' 215
The 90th Question.
Is an oath customary amongst them, and how is such
administered, and by whom?
CANNOT say whether they administer any oath, or
how they do it.
The 91st Question.
Whether the savages sanctify the seventh day, and
how they observe it.
•-|^0. Upon one occasion I spoke to one as the oppor-
^ 1 f tunity offered and his answer was, " that he must
eat upon the Sabbath, as upon every other day, and there-
fore he must go on the chase ; but that if he were already
provided, then he would keep the Sabbath. ^^
The Saccaracco or French Indians whom the French
claim to have converted to their faith, keep the Sabbath,
which the other savages take advantage of, and attack and
kill them upon that day. The French in return to appease
them, advise them, as a penance for their sins, to kill or
bring in as many of their enemies as possible.
2i6 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
gefangen einzubringen] ^tt littgCgCtt Öicfe uff i)ic OttiJCrc
Xi^t in bcr SBo^cn iio^in trauten, i^ren ertittcnen ©(^oöen gu
revangiren^ und tier f^eintie toielieruiitb fo tiiel 3U tötiten.
62
S)ie 93. S^age;
OB k^ beitctt Sßitbcn ntt^t einiget SBcrlangcn na^ bcr
ttia^rcn drfanntnu^ ©ottc;? 5tt f|)ü^rcn, toanii btc=
jcnigctt, fo i^rc S^rat^c öerfte^en, mit i^nen
rcbcn ?
R. (^3(@ Ian i^ nir^t foöcn, tocilcn i^ [so gar viel nicht
'^ mit ihnen conversieret und] i^tcr (©^ita^C ttO^ [so]
ni^t Wttji^tig [gewesen] bin. ©8 ^ciffct 6c^ i|nctt: Ignoti
nulla cupido, [oder man müste sie auf gut Spanisch bekeh-
ren, oder auf Frantzösich formalisiren, nach dem Stats
intresse.] \^ i^ojfc [dass die überbliebenen von ihren Volk
zu seiner Zeit dem äusserlichen Vorhof der Christenheit
mit einverleibet und denen christlichen Einwohnern daselbst
von jeglicher nation einige zur Ausbeute geschenket und
zum monument werden anvertrauet werden] ttftet ÖO^^ Ött^
fic tto^ öcm 8(^08 ^^tijti toerbcn einticrlcibct tocrbcn, o^nc
8|)anift^e lyorctrung.
«2 Question LXXXIII in MSS.
Falckncr's * ' Curieuse Nachricht. " 217
The 9 2d Question.
Whether there is evident among the savages some
longing after a true knowledge of God, when
such as speak their language talk
with them.
YttYHAT I cannot answer, as I have not conversed
J M [ much with them, for I am not yet master of their
language. With them it signifies ignoti mtlla cit-pido^ or
we would have to convert them in the old Spanish manner,
or according to the French formula, according to the inter-
est of the State. I trust that the remainder of these people
may in due time be ushered into the outer court of Chris-
tianity, and be distributed for their profit among the
Christian inhabitants of various nations, and become as
a monument to whom they were intrusted.
2i8 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
2){c 93. gragc/
200;^ bic Söilben tion ber 5(ufcrftc^unq ber lobten jal=
ten unb gkukn?
R. (5^^^ ölttttbcn !citt rc(]^tc8 formolcg Sterben, fo foniten fie
^ m^ fein rer^teö Concept bon öer 5(ttfet|tc^uttö |obcn,
toeiUn fic inS Uiarme, oder ing falte %m^ \\xt Hoffnung eintii^s
ten. [besiehe die LXXX Frage]
2){c 94. gragc."
Söa5 bic Sötlbcn [Leute] für @ettic|r führen ?
^•«
0®§9l, 5pfet(e, 0lö^re, ffltnten, SReffer, Heine ^nnös
Scoter, puttier, Äußeln, ^unjt.
S)ic 95. Sritgc."
DB nidjt einige Philosoph! pber ©elcfjrte [Leute] nntcr
ben Sßitben ? toorinn fie fic^ iiBen ? nnb oB fie anc^
ben Sanff be^ §immet^ observiren ?
R. 0#^@ Philosophia kjtel^et in Öet Astrologia, in Öeme
(xf fie nir^t nttein öcr Sternen 9la^men toiffen, foniiern auii§
tia§ Sßctter aecurnt jubor^cr anreißen fiinnen. [Es kam eins-
mahls ein wilder in der Nacht im Holtze zu mir und meinen
«=• Question LXXXIV in MSS.
6* Question LXXXV in MSS.
«^Question LXXX VI in MSS.
Falckner's ' ' Curieuse Nachricht.'''' 219
The 93cl Question.
What the savages hold and believe of the resurrec-
tion of the dead.
mHEY do not believe in any formal death, conse-
quently they cannot have any true conception of
a resurrection, as they introduce the departed into a warm
or a cold country. Vide the eightieth question.
The 94th Question.
What sort of arms do the savages carry?
B
OWS and arrows, guns, knives and small axes.
The 95th Question.
Whether there be not some philosophers or learned
men amongst the savages ; what they practice
and whether they observe the course
of the heavens.
mHEIR philosophy consists in astrology, wherein
they not only have names for the stars, but can
also foretell the weather accurately. Upon one occasion
a savage came to me and my companions at night in the
2 20 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Gefährten bey das Feuer, dieser sah den Po/ar-Stern an
und observirte daraus das es kalt werden würde, weil er so
sehr helle wäre, welches auch erfolgete, zugleichen erzeh-
lete er mir, wie er die Bewegung des /'ö/ßr-Sterns in
einem hohlen Baum durch ein loch observiret und anges
merket hätte, wie derselbe sich um das loch des Baumes
herumgedrehet hätte und bald halb, bald gantz wäre zu
sehen gewesen, und wäre am Himmel zu sehen gewesen
wie ein Tropfen Fett so auf dem Wasser schwimmet] %Xü
ßlci^ctt ftc^ct il^rc Philosophia in bcr Physic tion Öcr ^latur
unb digcnft^offt öcr Spiere, [einige wissen darin mehr als
andere, sonderlich] ^icjcttlQC, fo bc^ t^nctt a(§ ^ricjtcr ÖtC
C))lffct fli^Iaii^ten, [welcher zugleich ihr Medicus ist. Ins-
gemein sind sie gute Galenici und Botanici wiewohl ihre
Medicin nun mehro nicht zureichen will, weil sie sich nebst
den Kleidern auch unsere Lebensart annehmen] finÖ bic
öcftcn Physici, unÖ sugtcic^ i^tc Medici, nc^mlifi^ pte Galenici.
Sie 96. Srage;^
OB bie SBilben au^ einige Extraordinari ^zx^zxi ob-
serviren unb erfennen?
R. (\^, [dergleichen ich aus der historia voriger Zei.
<vf abnehmen können] jic toiffcn ex Stella polari, & aliis
Syderibus, üaS ©etoittct tooraufttßcn.
' Question LXXXVII in MSS.
Falckner's '''■ Cur ieuse Nachricht.^'' 221
woods/'' as we were around the fire. He looked at the
polar star, and observed therefrom that it would be cold,
as the star was so bright, which came to pass. At the
same time he told me how he observed the motion of the
polar star through a hole in a hollow tree, and remarked
how the same danced about ^^ the hole in the tree, and
could be seen now half, now wholly ; and upon the sky it
appeared like a drop of fat swimming upon the water. ^^
Their philosophy in the physics consist likewise of nature
and the properties of animals. Some know more about
this than others, especially those who officiate as priests at
their sacrifices, who are also their medicine men. Gen-
erally they are good Galenists and botanists. However,
their remedies now fail to suffice, since they have adopted
our clothing, together with out manner of living.^*
The 96th Question.
Do the savages also observe any extraordinary
phenomena and understand them?
YES ; this I infer from accounts of former times. They
know ex Stella -polari and aliis syderihus and can
foretell storms.
22 2 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
2){c 97. Swgc."
OB nit^t [unter ihnen auch einige] einige Uttter irrten
ttngett)ii|tt(ifftc Motus unb [oder] ^cttJegungen [zu
spüren] ^aBcti ? puta intrinsecus.
R. C\5( Wtttt fogt, öa^ fic Cffcnfiorungcn boit natürlii^cn 3«=
'O fallen i^ttticn^ [wie auch aus der historia zu sehen]
ttttll [so sagen sie auch] Öa^ CO t^tteit gcoffcttjarct fc^, lltt|
i^rer fo tiiel jterBen muffen, a(§ tiiel unfer l^inein in \\x !SanD
fommen.
SBonn cö ftattfc ^sonncrtoettcr gibt, fo foffcn fic jnr ^rUcn,
nnö ftrcrfcn Öic 5(rnt6 bon fi(| [werden öfters durch einen strahl
inwendig gerührt] unii töcröcn im ©cfif^tc gan^ b(o^.
2)ic 98. gmgc."
OB nic^t ttnter benen nmnt^crlet) Seelen out^ einige nnge=
toöjntidie SBetoegnngen nnb S^orBotten ber ]§eran=
nal^enben ©erif^te ^^iit^ ^n f^üjren ?
R. 05(, fc^t toicl, nnö ^toar fo, öa^ fic kt) bem mciftcn gan^
<\f Universal finö, unö auf eine ßnn^c SBicöcrbringung,
ober SSicöercrncucrunö aller ^inge jiclcn. Einige finö Parti-
cular [nachdem das Glass ist, so ist, das Gerichte, also]
Dann naifj bem tier ^roliljet ijt, fo ift aui^ fein ^eugnuS, unti mu^
bi^toei(ei) m^ ein unformüji^ fii|eineniie8 2)ing, öurii^ einen gnten
5(u8(eger jur groffen ,^ttnft nnö Sßei^^eit anögcreiiinct toeröen.
«7 Question LXXXVIII in MSS.
6» Question I,XXXIX in MSS.
Falckner's '•'■ Cur ieuse Nachricht. '''' 223
The 97th Question.
Do not some among them perceive any motus
or agitation?
YES, it is said that they have manifestations of
natural events, which is also to be seen in the his-
tories. Thus they say that it is revealed to them that as
many of them have to die as have come over of our kind.
During heavy thunder storms they fall flat upon the earth
and stretch out their arms away from the body, and are fre-
quently moved inwardly by an ecstasy, and their faces pale.
The 98th Question.
If there be not some unusual manifestation perceived
:he sects of the harbinge
approaching millinium.
among the sects of the harbinger of the
YES, a great deal ; and indeed, so much so, that
with the majority it is universal, and they aim after
a complete restitution or restoration of all things." Some
are particular ; according as the glass, so is the reflection ;
consequently as is the prophet so is also his testimony ;
and occasionally a seeming dwarf but a good exponent,
will appear great in art and wisdom.
224 ^'^^ Pennsylvania- German Society.
S){c 99. S-ragc."
2ötc fifft btc fogcttanntcn ©ctftliti^cn unter fo mant^crlc^
Sectctt in America aup^rcn, unb fo ojo^ unter
fit^ felBft, ü\^ gegen anbere comportiren ?
R. c!^S® fo ßcttannfcrt (Bcijiüi^^ctt tcrUcrcn unter utt§ gar fc^r
'^ Öaö Monopolium, inöemc «ton bte ©ciftlid^fcit nir!^t
[mehr] an bic f(i^)ottr^c ^tt)>)ic Mniict, toiclöo|( an öcr oitöcrn
©cite njtcöcr preccirt toirö, iitt§ man öcr jungen 3U biet an
einem ^ör^er ntat^et, bo^ i^ernaii^ uiel ^ö^c kn ©re^ Ucrbcrften.
®o muffen fte ftc^ au^ ber eigentüt^en ^errfiJ^afft kgekn, tneiten
ÖttS ^ir^ens^ieöiment [ob schon nicht bey allen] nt^t k^
einem ttUeine, fonbern k^ bielen kftel^et, [(Ich rede hier von
Secten)] nnb öic Seutc alliier inggemein fo biet bon ber .^ronifs
l^cit be§ SKenf^ti^en §crl^en§ berftc^en, bo^ fie toiffen, mann au(!^
ber Pfarrer Iranrf ift, (fonberliri^ mann er unorbenttii^ Irantf
mirb) ba^ero bann an^, [der Disput oder zum wenigsten der
Vorwurf] bie raisonirung mei^r gefü^ret mirb über H^ 8ekn,
a(Ö über bie Öe^re be§ onbern. Unb meil ein jeber beg Stages
8oft unb §i^e tragt, [darneben auch ein Nachtbahr den an-
deren im täglichen Umbgange und Hülfe nicht entbehren
kann, ob er schon andere Religion ist,] fo Ittffet fl^g ni^t
Carmen bfafen, fonbern bie Hebe Necessitas übertrifft alle Leges,
fonberü^ be^ benen, bie in gro^müt^iger ®ti0e fe^n, unb l^offen
aUeg annehmen ju !önnen, mie eg fommet.
«9 Question XC in MSS.
Falckner's ^^Curteuse JVachricht." 225
The 99th Question.
How the so-called ecclesiastics among the manifold
sects in America conduct themselves toward
each other, and how they comport
themselves toward others.
YT^HE so-called ecclesiastics with us love their monop-
J M [ oly greatly, in so far that the ecclesiastics here are
not tied down to their black calotte. On the other hand,
however, it is -preccirt that there are too many tongues for
one body, and that eventually too many cooks spoil the
broth, so they have to renounce any peculiar denomination,
as the church government consists of many, though not of
all (I allude here to the sects) ; and the people in general
know so much of the diseases of the human heart that they
can tell, not only when the preacher is sick, but when he
becomes disorderly. Upon this account there are more
disputations carried on, or at least reproaches, about their
life than about the law. As each day brings its own heat
and burden, and as one cannot dispense with the daily in-
tercourse and help of his neighbor, though he be of a differ-
ent religion, thus the time and sweet necessity surpasses all
laws, especially with such as maintain a magnanimous
silence, and hope to take all as it comes.
226 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
SBa§ tjor Hoffnung \t% 'ts^% btc ntant^crkt) Sectcn vx
cine^ 5ufammctt trcttcti mögtcn ?
R. (fTsS(^^^. öa^ öcr ^^n- 'MSU, in affct (^ctoiffcrt tonigs
^ U(^ toirö proclamircn (affcn, öa^ alle 9Jien)(^ctt Süßncr
finti, Jiatntt i^me atteS fytei)^ f^uliiig )e^, }xxi^ kit Saum de3
Wonntnug @utcg «nil JBöfcö fahren Inffc, unö |i(| unter öcn
^^ticöücknöen ^yctS^wöttum und Söcinftotf öcr Öick wit ^ylci^
retirire, öamit er baä Judaisircuöc Dialogisircn, Opponircn,
unö Anathematisirctt mit cing abandonire, unö \v^ iiur(| Öo8
Sßort bcr @eöu(t toor öcr grculirfjett Stunö öcr S^crfur^ung, üjcIj^c
auf öcn ganzen ^xü\ öcö ^röboöcng fommcn Uiirö, praesevircn
(offc. 2Bcr ni(^t auf tiicj'c SBcifc miff, bcr martc, M^ öa^ affc in
iicr Sßcitc öicfcr 2Bc(t ausgebreitete f^arbcn Don fid^ )etbft eine
meriien, me(^e§ tioc^ el^entier 3U bermut^en, a(3 tia§ fo Diel ^ö^ffe,
ttuffcr ©Ott, eineg 8inneS meröen [offen.
2){c 101. Stttge."
^urt^ ttia§ für SOlittcI man bic Silben am metftcn an fi^
R. flftjS^ ntßit öie milbe 2f|iere, unö ,^intier an firi^ lorfet, unö
"^^ mic man eben öicfclbe auf manj^ertet) %x\ unö Söcife
öerfi^üi^tern !an.
'0 Question in XCI MSS.
'iQuestionXCII in MSS.
Falckncr's '-'■ Cur icuse Nachricht.''^ 227
The 1 00th Question.
What hope is there that the divers sects may come
together as one?
•^-» HIS : viz. , that the Lord Jesus will cause to be royally
\ilr proclaimed in every conscience that all men are
liars, so that all flesh may be indebted unto him, and re-
linquish the tree of knowledge of good and evil, and take
refuge under the fig tree and vine of charity ; so that they
can at once abandon the judaizing dialogues, oppositions
and anathematization, and preserve themselves by the word
of patience from the horrible hour of temptation, which is
coming over the whole surface of the earth. They who
will not come in, in this manner, let them tarry until all
the different colors which are spread over the world become
as one by themselves, which is more probable than that so
many godless heads should become as one.
The 10 ist Question.
By what means can the savages best be dravv^n towards
us, and whereby are they mostly repelled.'*
3
UST as wild beasts and children are won over unto us,
and in the same manifold ways that they are
repelled.
228 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
S){c 102. Sragc."
Söttig bic Söilben für SHamcit führen ?
R. QfJ^^ Sfttctt l^ttBctt fie fill ficncttttct mit öencn 9ltt|ittcn bcr
'^ toitöen Spiere, tt(§ na^ x^xtx 8^ror|c t^ui^g, SSolff
[Schlange, bunte Schlange, krumme Schlange etc.] K.
äe^o okr ßcfirout^cn fic öie 9la|mcii iicr ©uro^äcr, tt(8 ^ann^,
SBiUtiam, %nx%t, %Wit^, Slntoni.
S)ic 103. ^^ragc."
SBann ? «nb tote fic i^rcn ^iitbcrn ^Za^meit gcBctt ?
R. 0(\S^§2 a(fok(iicn iu i^rcr ^«8^«^/ fonöcrn tocttii fic
^^ 3icmti(| cröJtt^fcn, unö toann fic unter i^rcn Äinöcrn
cincS ruffcn toottcn, c^c fic i^ncn einen ßcmiffcn 9lo|mcn geben,
fo fri^rc^en fic ju il^nen inööcfttmbt ein §oiio :e. Uni» toen fic
atgtiann uermeinen, gu beme richten fic i^r ^(ngefi^t unö 9ieiic,
unb bcfcl^kn i^me.
Sßorntit \^ irnnn meine löconttoortungcn auf boröclcötc pyrogen
kfji^ticffc, unö öcn künftigen Sefer, neftft mir, öcr ^ü|rung öe§
©eifteS mut^ too^t anaefc^rc, mit 2ßünf(|ung attcä gtütfti^cn
unli gcfegnctcn Sßol^tergckng für äcn
8ei6 in bicfer Sßclt, XiXi^, für bie ®eete.
t^rcuöc unö %x^^ in @ott M^
ttu fein
@ 31 S) Q,
'2 Question XCIII in MSS.
'S Question XCIV in MSS.
Falckner's '■'•Ctirieusc NacJwicht.'''' 229
The 102nd Question.
What manner of names the savages have.
V I *MONG themselves, in former times, they used the
^J^ i , names of wild animals in their own language, as
Fox, Wolf, Snake, Harlequin Snake, Crooked Snake,
etc. It is now their custom to use European names, such
John, George, etc.
The 103rd Question.
When do they name their children?
*-|^OT in their infancy, but after they are well grown.
^ I f If they want to call one of their children before
they have given him a certain name, they call to all with
a Ho I Do I etc. When the one wanted sees them, they
speak to him or give him their commands.
@ 91 S) S;
äßic in Pensylvania mit einigem G^a^ital ein Profit ^n
matten ?
Daniel Falckner's Project for founding a Com-
munity IN Pennsylvania as set forth in
THE Halle Manuscript.
2Bci( ir^ Der ^cit crmangck, |o liiiJI i(^ toon Stocken ^irojcctctt,
öatiott i(^ oben qtiaestione LIX. gcöoi^t citt§ «itti^ctt, auö toets
r^cn in einem lurjen [nrnmarifj^en ©egrijf ju erfc^en i|t, t^cilg
toic man ein ^n^iitttt jnnt geff^toiniien 9lu^en iafelöfit anfegen,
a(g ttttj^ bic ^^re ©ottel nnU (il)riftü(^e 5(ufna|me öer S«ÖC«ii
o^ne Qto^e SSeitloufiöfeit oajeltift befötöcren fönne.
Sr§ neunte 4000 9it^(r. ^ie)e(6en lege i(§ an in [oilmen
^anfmang molten, mie ©cljlage, )o mit c^en folgen joff, angtoeis
fen mitö. ^iefc 4000 Oit^tr. fotten mir fotgenöeS mit gött(it|er
§ii(fe in Stand fe^en.
1. 8o(l( ))aDon genommen merlten not^tiürftiger Unterhalt bot
8 ^ctfo^nen anf jöie^ ^a^t.
2. ^m gefanft metöen nngefe^t 1000 5lrfet 8anöc§ obet mc^t.
3. ^ann gebouet toetbcn botl etfte jnm notfjbittftigcn 5Bep(f,
^anfnng bot ÄKenfi^en, 25ie| nnb ^tiii^te.
4. ®inb p laufen jlnel) gnte ipflng jpfetbe, 2 Bmtn jut
3ur|t, 1 9leitHctb unb 1 ^aat 0(|fen jut 5(tbeit.
5. 8e(|g ^ii^e mit ^ä(betn obet t|tä(|tig.
(230)
HOW TO MAKE PROFIT WITH CAPITAL IN
PENNSYLVANIA.
Daniel Falckner's Project for founding a Com-
munity IN Pennsylvania as set for in
THE Halle Manuscript.
* V ■ 'S I am falling short of time, I will make but one out of
f^t M , the two projects referred to in Question LIX, from
which a short and concise conception may be obtained of
how capital may be invested there, so as to bring quick
returns, and at the same time how the glory of God and
the christian affiliation of the youth may be furthered there
without difficulty.
I will take say 4,000 Reichsthaler ^^ and invest them in
such merchandise according to the appended list. These
4,000 Thalers shall, with God's assistance, put me in pos-
session of the following :
1. We will take enough therefrom necessary for the
support of eight persons for a term of two years.
2. There may be purchased a thousand or more acres
of land.
3. There may be built at first only the absolutely neces-
sary shelter for man, beast and the crops.
(231)
232 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
6. ^icr @öuc «lit junöcn oöcr trä(|tig.
7. 9lflt^liütftißeö ©cjc^itr unö @crät^c mit t)crbcffcrungiöc§s
fclbcn.
^iefeg ^a|)ita( a(|'o angeleget fall inner^atb 5 |a^ten abtoerfen
toie folget.
1. ^ic itt^rni^c ^lot^bürftißc S^crforßung örc^cr ^raccc^torcn
oiiet ^rofcfforen iiation ein jekr nai^ tierfloffenen 5 ^a^ren ^aien
foa.
1. 50 5(efer Öanb etbli^ öor eine fott^e Station.
2. 30 2$oler am ©elöe \i\iX\^,
3. @inc »^ul mit öem ^alk ober tröii^tig.
4. @itt gctoi^eg an SBiet, %in\^, an ,<i^fltn nnö öersleit^en.
^iefe 5)Jrttece|)toreg follen i^re ^eit naii^ rij^tiget cint^eifung ein
jegtiri^cr iieS 3!oge§ 4-5 Stnnkn in llnterrir^tnng bct ^ngenii
nai^ einem com^ieniiiofen ä[Beg au^ mo^ in üer !9luttetf^ta(i^e,
in artibus liberalibus informiren, imrncben diejenigen fo jn
änfferlii^er ^aniiarkit nid^t geft^irft in Unguis nationum etiam
Americanarum. ^utt^ iicn usum yx üben item in Öer Oeeonomitt
mie alle ^inge orbentli(^ unti ^iro^tlid^ ju t^un, yx unterrifi^ten
unli öa^ tiie «tör|)er nii^t au3 Ermangelung !ier motion ^t)^os
^oniirifji^ toetiien oöer putreseiren, eine na^ S>ctmögcn bcfinölidje
sirbeit in @arten=2Berf, llnfraut anö jugäten unö gnten ©aamen
3U>flanl^en, item SBänme ))flan^en,'8djaofe )iflegen, fyifc^e fans
gen, tior i§re ^raeee|itoreg ^ol^ maiden unii beijf^affen etc. unti
öergleii^cn erträglii^e 5(rbeit 6ct) öen übrigen müf^gen ©tnniien.
O^er tnenn etli(^e ^n|t Ratten, eine gemiffe ^anbt^ierung iiabe^
3U lernen fo tiinte in öer Kolonie gel^alten toeriien, ein @r|ttfter,
ein Sr^neiöer, ein Zimmermann, ein SSeber, ein ll^rmnji^er, ein
^annen;(HHe^cr, ein C^Jolöfrfjmieö, ein Seiler, ein 9laöemar^er,
ein Sr^mieö, ein S^reiner, ^ret^Sler, SJla^lcr, ^oHer, unb
bergl. bamit ein jeglid^er felbft toe|len tiinnc, ober bie SBorflel^er
i^re Untergebene naii^ gut befinben anmeifen fönnen morju fte fidj
fluiden, ^in jeber fol(|e ^anbUiertf3:9Jlann, ber fi(i^ barju mill
Falchners '■^■Ctirieuse Nachricht''' 233
4. To purchase two good plough horses, two mares for
breeding, one saddle horse and one yoke of oxen for work.
5. Six cows with calves or gravid.
6. Four sows with young or pig.
7. Necessary harness and implements with repairs for
same.
This capital invested in such manner should, within five
years, yield profit as follows :
I. The necessary support of three preceptors or profes-
sors, whereof each should have received after the five years
have elapsed :
1. Fifty acres of land to be inheritable for such charge.
2. Thirty Thalers in money yearly.
3. A cow with calf or gravid.
4. A certain stipend for beer, meat, grain and the like.
These preceptors shall so arrange their time, that each
one may have from four to five hours every day to instruct
the youth in some compendious way in their mother tongue,
as well as to educate them in the liberal arts ; and let them
instruct such as show no inclination for outward handicraft
in Unguis nationum etiam Americanariim . Likewise in-
struct them practically in economy, how to do all things
properly and profitably ; teach them that their bodies
should not become hypochodriac or putrescent from lack
of exercise ; but work them during the idle hours, accord-
ing to their capacity in garden work, pulling weeds, plant-
ing seeds, likewise setting out trees, tending sheep, catch-
ing fish, gathering and chopping wood, etc., for their
preceptors, and similar profitable work during their idle
hours.
Or if some incline to learn certain trades, the colony
could keep a cobbler, tailor, carpenter, weaver, watch-
maker, pewterer, goldsmith, ropemaker, wheelwright,
234 '^^^^ Pennsylvania-German Society.
Qcfirau^en (offen, foil ^aficn 10 5(i!cr ßonöcS, toitt cr vxt%t ^oficn
fo follcn deguiegcn, liie näi^fitücgeniicn Säniicre^cu angefaufet
tocröcu unJi i^ncn toot ©cja^iung ouf ßcttiiffc tcrminc pgdoffen
taierticn, fo bid er loin, darneben foUen feine ^Kntiet tiag fe(6ige
9tcj^t öet 5(ufer3ie^nng tior oniieren genieffen unb be^ feinem
5(bftcrben lior bicfclbiöen unö Öie äßitttoe Sorge Betragen toers
tien. ^ie le|r(inge UiaS fte be^ muffigen Stunden nai^ genaue:
fter einfi(!^t eineö jeglir^en 5(rbeiten, foil ju einer Summo ges
rer^net fet)n, öabon ber 9Jleifter öen S^orf^u^ öor SJlateriaüen
abjie^en foH, tiaS übrige in 2 g(ei(|e %\t\{t get^ei(et, Nation äer
eine %%t\\ bem meiftcr pro labore, öcr anöere ber eaffa pro com-
muni bono ^eimfatten foff. %\t ©int^eilung ber ^eit (önnte
a(3bann gemattet Serben, nur ^^l man 9JlorgenS, 9JHttag3 unb
%Sim1s^, e^e man fr^tafen ge^ct, eine Stunbe jum ^t\^t% S3ibe(
tefen unb fingen bor alle unb |ebe ou§gefe^et fe^n mn^te, barju
ein 3eii!^en gegeben merben fönte, bag berjenige mel(|er au§ reil^t
er^ebtii^er llrfai^en nid^t ^jerfönüi^ erff^einen fan "^^^ an feinem
Crt^ mit be^ftimmen möge bem ä>er(angen unb iSob <iBefänntni^
feiner i^reunbe unb 9Jlitbürger.
2. 8olt gebaii^leg @a|iita( aui!^ abUierfen bie anff^affung yxxi^
^r^attung jtoe^er ^ncd^tc unb JWlägbe.
3. @ine $|Jrebiger ber ni^t al§ ein §err be§ S5o(fe§ fonbern
a(g ein ^ner^t Sefu ^|rifti unb ber ^Hr(^ens@(ieber autoritate
publica in ber ^irj'^en (e|re unb in ®efefff(l^aft bier atter bers
ftänbigcn unb frommen StUönnern a(§ mit ^(teften ritzte, unb toaS
ung(ei(^ ift, fi^üi^te, barneben ©otteg ÜÖJort in Öautcrfeit |irebige
o^ne aWenfrfjen Sa^ung ViXk^ anat^ematifirenbe f^ormutn; fott
l^aben 40 9ltl)(r. yxxC^ etmaä getoiffeg an ^(eifi^ unb anbere ^ro:
bifion. ^aö übrige feineg Unterhalts wx\ man ouf anbere
äßeife fni^en, unb boS man bie Soften für§ erfte erf^iore, fo foil
bie 5(uffi(l)t unb 9le(^nung einer ber @i^u( Kollegen führen yxxC^
boffelbige ^o^r eine 8tunbe menigcr 8(^u(orbeit töglir^ ^oben
bie re(^nung ober foff er im Söet)fet)n ber onberen Kollegen ber 4
Falckner's ' ' Curieuse Nachricht. " 235
blacksmith, cabinet-maker, turner, painter, potter, etc., so
that every one could make his own selection. Or the
wardens could advise their dependents to such trade as in
their judgment they are best fitted.
Every one of such handicrafts men, who lends himself
thereto, shall have ten acres of land ; if he wants more,
additional adjacent land shall be bought and given to him,
as much as he wants, the payment to be made at conve-
nient times. In addition his children shall enjoy equal
rights and privileges of education with the others. And
in case of his death, care is to be taken of the same and
the widow provided for. Apprentices who, during idle
hours, perform any work, shall, after careful examination
of each one's work, be credited with the same, from which
the master is to deduct the money advanced for material ;
the remainder is to be divided into two equal parts, one of
which goes to the master of the apprentice, the other part
into the treasury of the community. Any division of the
day may be made, provided one hour is set apart, morn-
ing, noon and night before going to sleep, for prayer,
bible reading and singing, for which a signal must be
given, so that such as may be prevented by weighty reasons
from being present may yet at their station join in with the
devotions and commendations or praise of their friends and
fellow citizens.
2. The said capital should also yield enough to obtain
and keep two menservants and maids.
3. A preacher, who does not seek to be a lord over the
people, but rather who, as an humble servant of Jesus
Christ and the members of his church, shall be a public
exponent ^^ of the doctrines of the church, and administer
justice in fellowship with four aged, intelligent and devout
men as presbyters ; equalize that which is inconsistent, and
236 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
^(tcflctt ftttttkt 3öJct)cr m^ bcm @nöüf(|cn 9le^t (cgitimittcn
f^ricöenS ^li^tctn abgelegt toeröen.
4. 80II be^ ^(ntoa^S una tierme^rung t)e§ 3>ie^e§ eine gemi^e
^a§( gefe^et toeröen, toag fii^ iiur^ ©otte§ Sccgen örübet öers
mehret foil pr eoffa iiot anfontmenöc oöer ougöi artig 5(tmen aufs
begatten oöer im ©etöe bet) ge(eget njeröen.
5(u§ öiefen folgen nun ute^r anöete nut^batleiten öatunter fofs
genüc nii^t öie geringften M.
(1) ^ic @e(egcn|cit o|ne Si^aöen gaftfreti ju fc^n.
(2) ^remböUngc unö SBilöen aufjune^men unö p beherbergen.
(3) S(^u^, »tteiüer, ©erät^e u, f. f. o^ne llnfoften öerbeffern
3U tttffen.
(4) Sein S5olf too^l yx regieren unö mit oller 9lot^bürfftigfeit
o|ne 2[Beit(ttttffig!cit unö Soften öuri^ fic VM ««ö t$rc tinücr
jn berfe^en.
©etjlage fo in quaeftiom 84 ertoa^net toirö.
Falckner's '■'■Curietise Nachricht.'''' 237
at the same time preach God's Word in its purity, without
any additions of human institutions or anathematizing for
muleas. He shall receive 40 Thaler and a certain stipend
for meat and other provisions. The balance of his support
must be sought in some other manner. That the expenses
may be kept down for the present, the oversight and ac-
counts shall be kept by one of the school masters, for
which purpose he shall be required to teach one hour less
daily. The accounts shall be rendered in the presence
of the other masters, the four presbyters, together with
two Justices of the Peace, commissioned according to the
English law.
4. A certain number shall be agreed upon for the in-
crease and multiplication of the cattle, and whatever in-
crease there be over and above such number, by the bless-
ing of God, shall be set apart for the benefit of the arriving
or outward resident poor, or else turned into money for the
same purpose.
Upon these follow sundry other useful purposes, among
which the following are not the least : —
1 . The opportunity to extend hospitality without preju-
dice.
2. To entertain strangers and Indians, and accomodate
them with lodgings.
3. Shoes, clothing, implements, etc., to be repaired free
of cost.
4. To govern the people well, supply them with all nec-
essaries without any ceremony through themselves and
their children.
Lysta derjenigen Wahren, so in Pensylvanien
ANGENEHM SIND, NACH H. FaLCKNER SEINEM
Behalt aufgezeichnet.
^attäntitf(^e OSnaküggifi^e Seinluanti; tialion man erft in
^ngcKani) 9ln^n^t ctn|o(en mu^, 06 man t^ in ^oHanb einlas
titn nn!) mie Ijoi^ die ^eeig i[t.
^olläniiifdj meiner ^^oitn, aUer^anli ÜBani).
SJerroifd^e getoalifte ®triim|iff/ Sremcr ©e^ktfen toegcn öer
5(eci0 jn bernc^men in ^♦nßellttni).
^in)i^(aö;9Jie)7er, einige gnte Si^eermeffer.
SBo^rer öor 2 ^anmen jn öer 9U9e( ^o^ter, affer^anö f^eiUn,
SBreitbe« nnö M^tl a>leiffel.
6(5nii?59Jleffer öie nii^t ju f(ein find iior ^än^ür^en nnb Dimers
(ente ©ebtani^, einige uv üööttiger jn gehanii^en.
@robe;8^eit, ©r^anfetn, ÄKift; nnä ^mu^abtUi in Engels
lanii 3U laufen.
St. @i(^e(n, 8enfen unö
bergt.
(iro^c Seegen eiferne unti
jtäkrne §anö;®eegen. He im
hülfen ni^t llngleii^ unti
niä^i 3U fc^mar^ finti.
§anl)ki(, aller^anö 9Jleif;
fei
nitfjt bon öer ^ivt mediae Die ^ims
merfeute geftraurfjcn ^immers^ol^
ein 3U)r^neiöen [onöern bie toeitge:
fei^t, boKfommen lang, unti H He
gö^nebie §a(fte — einer, öie an=
bere ^ölfte — ber ankrn nieg
fielet.
(238)
l##gJ&^S5M5*8^^9R^^^^t^^
^030^
List of such Goods, as are Acceptable in Penn-
sylvania, ACCORDING TO THE REMEMBRANCE
OF Herr Falckner,
*-J~xUTCH and Osnaburggish linen, about which one
-!_# must first inquire from England, whether it can
be shipped in Holland and how high the tariff is.
White Holland thread, all kinds of tape.
Veronese felted stockings, Bremen bed sheets, are on
account of the tariff to be obtained in England.
Clasp knife and several good razors.
Augurs, from two inches down to the gimlet, all sorts of
files. Broad axe and hoes, drills.
Draw knives not too small for domestic as well as car-
penters use. Several for use of coopers.
Spades, shovels, dung and grain forks to be purchased
in England, also sickles, scythes, etc.
Large saws, iron and steel handsaws, which are uniform
in the back are and not too light. Not of the sort used by
carpenters to cut boards, but the wide set, ample long sort,
wherein one half of the teeth are set to cut one way, and
the other half the reverse.
Hatchets and all sorts of chisels.
Smith, and ordinary hammers, etc.
( 239)
240 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
8(i|miö: uiiö öcmcinc Rammet etc. SBicöcr unb fircj^cijcn
oöcr Äu^fü^c.
@i)ctt, i)o8 fcittc Sranöriffc ^at, unö Quicn ®to^( f^Icwif^,
(^i)crnc Ofen.
^ifctne Stüifer, öie fd^on ju ^flugj^oren gefi^mieiict, o^nc
öte eiferncn Staugen, öie baran fini) unb Hon öen ^leinften,
toeld^e in ^ngcHanb am kjtcn ju ^abeu, baS 100 o^ngefe^r bor
15 ^f. jtcrüno.
^iffernc 5|Jotte nfict toeniß eiffctne ^cjfc(.
^n|ifcr, ßclb nnb rot^, mc^r !teine o(ö ßro^e Reffet,
^n^ifffnc bcrjinntc ^ötgeng nnb %\tti ober ^offes^otte.
St. tonnen bor 1/2 tonnen 9?loa^.
^ngüfl terfet) nnb offer^onb gcrinö motten jeng bor Unters
fntter einiget in mobejten ^orkn bor ^^fonen Oberstleiber,
einiges rot^eS bor Unter tleiber nnb f)irengli(^te§ bor tinber.
%\t 9?litte()ort bon öorfcn, gron, bronn nnb bergt, mobejten
i^orben, menig fj^mort^e S^Ionfeteö nnb 9Jlobro^en.
St. einige bnntc §a(g; nnb 9lofc Xix^tx, gebrutften ^orbnn ober
Seinen bor tinber, SbJitJ^ nnb üjJorgen bor JBettsgcwg.
^orint^en,
SKnfeoten,
Sofron,
G^orbemnm,
Wut^, etc.
@ro^e Otofmcn.
^ine tiifte mit ®(o§ nnb Stet), toie eö in ^ngettonb berfonft
toirb, nm ^yenfter jn moc^en.
traut nnb !Soti Xixwt tugetn fonbern ungegoffen Ste^, ober
Sottben, @ntcn, öönfe nnb ftf)toeren §age(.
@ine (^omiüe fo bo auf bem i^onbe p bauen unb yx Xt^tXi ges
beutet, foff fi(^, too i^r ber (icbe G)ott bog S^crmögcn gegeben,
mit tteiber nnb Söetten berfe^en unb '^txi^ in ein lyo^, toctii^eS
an ber 5(ecifc in öonbon in generoten löenennnng ber 9la(jmcn
©etoür^
Falckncr's '•'■Curiense Nachricht.'''' 241
Barb-bolts, crow bars, or crooked bars. Iron that has
no flaws and good Flemish steel, iron stoves.
Iron blanks already forged for plow shares, without the
iron rods, and of the smallest to be had in England, one
hundred costing about £15 sterling. Iron pots, but few
iron kettles.
Copper, both yellow and red, more small than large
kettles.
Tinned copper pots, also tea and coffee pots, likewise
tankards of half quart size.
English kersey, and all kinds of cheap woolen stuffs for
linings ; some in modest colors for women's outside gar-
ments ; some red for underclothes, and spotted for children.
The middle sorts of bed sheets, grey, brown and of sim-
ilar modest colors, a few black blankets and matresses.
Likewise some bright colored neck and handkerchiefs.
Printed cotton or linen for children, ticking and fustian *^
for bed clothes.
Spices, currants, nutmegs, safran, cardemon, mace, etc.,
large raisins.
A case of glass and leads as they are sold in England to
make windows.
Powder and shot, no bullets, but bar lead, pidgeon, duck,
goose and heavy shot.
A family that expects to live in the country and cultivate
the land should, if the good Lord hath blessed them with
means to supply themselves with clothes and bedding,
these should be put into a barrel, which could be entered
at the customs in London as necessary household stuff,
without (itemizing) among which can be packed two or
three good hatchets, a broad axe, one]or two hoes, three or
four iron wedges, several iron rings, a door knocker,
plough wheels and such.®^
242 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
öon Sodden (ni(|t okn öic 9lumcr) a(Ö not^öürftißcr ^au^rnt^
angegeben toertien !ann etn|iaifen mie fo(get. 2 ober 3 gute §aniis
©eile, eine breite 5(rt, 1 oier 2 2)ü|fel, 3 ober 4 eiferne .teile,
einige eifcrnc JRinge an ,t(o)ifer, ^Pftugrööer unb bergt, p tegen.
1. ^ar §oI^;(yei(en unb ein |iar anbere bito Eiferne Söefr^iöge
bor einen 8i^n)enge( am ^jtug ober SBagen.
%i, 1 ober 2 mittetmäfllgc Letten, um frottier löous^ot^ auf
"^txi 8(^(itten 3U fi^te^^n, a(3 be^ ung bie ^ü\t\\ fmb, bamit
bie ^äber am Silagen gel^emmt merben, menu e§ berg ab ge^et.
@ine Heinere bon ber 5(rt.
2. nur Letten bon ^ferbes@cfi§irr, Letten bor ^ü|e baran
fefte ju madden, unb eine fur^e Letten bor alter^anb 9lot^faff, in
fonbcr^eit an bie eiferne ©gge feft p matten.
20 ober 30 eiferne 3ft^«c bor einer @gge, bie 3»!«^ muffen
fe^r jtart fein, fonft beugen fie fid^ im neuen iSanbe, tuenn fie
burifj bie SBurt^etn ge^en, etmag gel^ärtet, "^^^ nii^t 3U biet unb
bon guter Sänge, ^flugfj^aar ift bort beffer nad^ ber Öanbegs
%xi ju berfertigen, Is^'^ mag man bie i^orm, babon mir auf '^tx^
anbern ©tatt gebadjt bet)tegen.
100. ober nati^ ©etegen^eit me^r Sd^inbet, ^(tt|i|iort unb Sotten,
$Haget, §ttu§. Statt unb Si^cucr ju matten, 2prs5(ngel;§a(fen,
Äettetn, 8(^toffer, ©öuber, an ^\t ^enfter unb ^enfter=8aben.
@in gut taug Si^nit^meffer bor Sdjinbet p ff^aaen.
©o^rer 2 Daumen, 1 Daumen, 1/2 Daumen unb 9lttge(;löo|rer
bor 2 ober 3 5(rten.
@in gut ®türf @ifen unb ^\^^\ bor txwt 9(ft nad^ bortiger
(anbei§art p maiden.
^in |iar gute §anb;Seegen unb eine gro^e §oIl^sSeege.
1 eiferner 9Jlorfet unb einen üeinen meffinger ober bon %x%,
1. »Hftgabet, 9Jlift^arfen, §f«9o6cf. 2 (^rabfrfjeit, 8i^aufct
unb bergt.
1. ))ar feine 9Jlarts8enfen ober §od^teutf(§e ^orn unb ©ro^c
©enfcn.
Falckners '•'■ Cur ieuse Nachricht.'''' 243
One pair of wood rasps and a pair of other files.
Irons for a swingletree for plough or wagon, likewise
one or two medium-sized chains to drag heavy timbers
upon the sled, same kind as we use as a break to our
wagon wheels when going down hill, also a lighter one of
the same sort.
Two pairs of chains for horse-harness, cow chains, and
a short chain for any kind of emergency, especially to
fasten to an iron harrow.
Twenty or thirty iron teeth for a harrow, the teeth must
be very strong, else they bend in the newly broken ground
when they strike the roots. They should be tempered,
but not too much, and be of a good length.
Ploughshares, it is best to have them made there accord-
ing to the manner of the country, although one may also
take such as are indicated upon the previous page. A
hundred or more shingles according to opportunity. Clap-
boards and laths, nails for house, stable and barn, door
hinges, pickaxes, hasps and staples, locks, hinges and
clasps, locks, hinges and bands for windows and shutters.
A good long drawknife for shaving shingles, augers of
the size of two thumbs, one thumb and one half a thumb's
breadth, also gimlets of two or three sizes.
A good blank of iron or steel to make an axe according
to the American kind.
A pair of good hand saws and a large wood saw.
An iron mortar and a small one of brass or bronze.
One dung fork, manure drag, pitchfork, two spades,
shovel and the like.
One pair of fine briar scythes or good German grain and
heavy scythes.
A goodly quantity of pig lead, several padlocks. When
several families calculate to go far inland and lay out a
244
The Pennsylvania- German Society.
@itt ^vX %%ni ttttgcöoffen lötet), einige Sorleße @(i^(öffet.
SSenn einige i^amitien tief ing Öonii einen nenen ^(a^ anples
gen geiiai^t, muffen fie ^t^^'l^i fel)n auf ein |iat gute 9Jlü|(|teine
unö iooS eifern Süßer! ju einer Ällü^Ie gehöret.
hoffte fi(^ m^ ein SKüIIcr finöen, öer eine ©eutetsSWü^Ie, toie
Wtttt in OBersS^cutfdjlttui) \?X, Verfertigen \^üit, iiafiel) er jugtei^
©erften, SSeil^en, §akr, ®)ie(l?, 9ieig f(!^e(en fönnte, üer folte
fel^r angenel^m fein.
^in ))ttr ^iftiöirer wl^ ^firfd^en, 5(Hft ««ö ^o^^« 3« öiftilliren,
ttiie e§ altia gekäuii^Ui|.
%Xi\t lange Junten, öie öen §age( toeit unb too|( fii^ie^en.
Einige ^piftolen, 8teigöügel, ©affetn, S^orgef^irr bie ftar! fiuö.
Falckner's '•'■Curieuse Nachricht.^''
245
new place, they must consider a run of good mill stones,
and the iron work required for a mill.
If there should also be found a miller, who has a bolting
mill, such as are used in north Germany and is willing to
set it up, so that at the same time he could hull barley,
wheat, oats, spelt ^'^ and rice it would be very acceptable.
A couple of distillers, to distill from peaches, apples and
grain as is customary there.
Good long guns that will throw shot far and well.
Several holsters, stirups, throat-halliards and strong led-
harness.
APPENDIX.
1. God's Word and Grace.
2. Psalm CXXIII.—
Unto thee lift I up mine eyes, O thou that dwellest in
the heavens.
Behold, as the eyes of servants look unto the hand of
their masters, and as the eyes of the maiden unto the hand
of her mistress ; so our eyes wait upon the Lord our God,
until that he have mercy upon us.
Have mercy upon us, O Lord, have mercy upon us ; for
we are exceedingly filled with contempt.
Our soul is exceedingly filled with the scorning of those
that are at ease and with the contempt of the proud.
3. Prov. 21 : 25. The desire of the slothful killeth him :
for his hands refuse to labor.
4. Many shall be purified, and made white, and tried ;
but the wicked shall do wickedly ; and none of the wicked
shall understand : but the wise shall understand. Daniel
XXIL, 10.
5. Der Englische Schweiss^ a certain epidemic fever
prevalent in England during the fifteenth and sixteenth
centuries.
6. Unless it be that one has found ships at nearer ports
intending to sail for America. Ed., 1702.
(246)
Falckncr's '■'■Curieuse Nachricht''' 247
7. William Penn's original plan for the settlement and
development of his province was to place the capital city
upon the banks of the Susquehanna and not upon the
Delaware, a scheme to which Penn clung tenaciously for
a number of years after the settlement of the province.
Daniel Falckner who was more or less intimately ac-
quainted with Penn and his plans for the settlement of his
province, evidently supposed that the chief city would be
founded on the banks of the Susquehanna, in accordance
with Penn's proposals for a '* second settlement in the
province of Pennsylvania," published in London 1690. A
copy of this exceedingly scarce document is preserved in
the Archives of the American Philosophical Society at
Philadelphia and is here reproduced in fac-simile. For a
complete account of this scheme, see paper by the present
writer on ♦♦ Penn's City on the Susquehanna," read before
the Lancaster County Historical Society and published in
Proceedings, Vol. II., pp. 223-238.
8. Chesapeake Bay.
9. The river of the Moose Deer.
10. This evidently alludes to the troublous times incident
to the Spanish succession.
11. i. e.^ without excessive drinking, etc.
12. To previously dispose his thoughts and mind toward
quiet and sedate subjects. Ed. 1702.
13. Zwieback — a Biscuit rusk, or sweet spiced bread
toasted.
14. Cider, Applejack [applebrandy], etc.
15. This comparison is very curious, and one which the
writer has never before seen brought out in connection
with our early history. By a comparison of several old
German Almanacs with local ones of similar date, Falck-
248 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
ner is virtually verified, and shown to be a close observer
and student.
Thus in Pennsylvania the shortest day has 9 hours, 8
minutes. The sun rises at 7.26 A. M. and sets 4.34 P. M.
In Germany the corresponding day has 7 hours, 34
minutes, as the sun rises 8. 11 A. M., sets 3.45 P. M.
The longest day in Germany has 16 hours, 45 minutes,
the sun rises 3.39 A. M., sets 8.24 P. M. The corre-
sponding day in Pennsylvania, June 22, has 14 hours, 50
minutes. Sun rises 4.34 A. M., sets 7.26 P. M.
16. All kinds of German Grain and Indian Corn of dif-
ferent kinds. Ed. 1702.
1 7 . Mespihcs germanica .
18. The black or sour gum tree is evidently the species
alluded to.
19. Guaiacum or lignum vitae.
20. Cf. Edition, 1702.
21. Leggings, hunting shirts and moccasins.
22. Cannabis sativa.
23. ^libus ceremotiiis.
24. Polygami.
25. And all support themselves by hunting. Edition
1702.
27. Wampum, beads formed of the interior parts of
shells, such as the great clam, the pearl oyster or venus
shell. Were strung on threads, and formerly used among
the American Indians as currency, and worn also in neck-
laces, belts, etc. The beads were either black, dark pur-
ple, or white, the last being the zvatupum proper.
28. Haar Zöpfe.
29. Principia gener alia religion is.
THE FENN5TLVA/SlA-GERnAN SOCIETY.
FALCKNER.
Falckncr''s ^'•Ctirictisc Nachricht.'' 249
30. Evidently alluding to other members of the com-
munity of German Pietists on the Wissahickon.
31. The aborigines of the West Indies and South Amer-
ica are meant here.
32. The Dutch navigators who first discovered this
group of islands called them the Flemish Islands.
33. The expedition of Prince Madog ab Owen Gwynedd,
about the year 1170, is here alluded to. The discovery
and settlement of America by the Welsh is based upon an
account in a history of Wales, written by Caradoc, of
Llancarvan, Glaumorganshire, in the British language, to
which were added from time to time remarkable occur
rences registered in the Abbies of Conway and Strat Flur.
The best copy of these registers was taken by Guttun
Owen a Bard about the year 1480. Cynfrig ab Gronow
also mentions this event about the same time.
The story is " that upon the death of Owen Gwynedd,
Prince of North Wales, about the year 1169, several of
his children contended for his dominions : that Madog,
one of his sons, perceiving his native country engaged, or
on the eve of being engaged, in a civil war, thought it
best to \xy his fortune in some foreign climes. Leaving
North Wales in a very unsettled state, he sailed with a few
ships which he had fitted up and manned for that purpose
to the westward, leaving Ireland to the north. He came
at length to an unknown country where most things ap-
peared to him new and uncustomary, and the manners of
the natives far different from what he had seen in Europe.
Madog having viewed the fertility and pleasantness of the
country, left the most part of those he had taken with him
behind (according to Sir Thomas Herbert 120 souls) and
returned to Wales. Upon his arrival he described to his
friends what an extensive land he had met with, void of
250 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
any inhabitants, whilst they employed themselves, and all
their skill to supplant one another, for only a ragged por-
tion of rocks and mountains. Accordingly, having pre-
vailed with considerable numbers to accompany him to
that country he sailed back with ten ships and bid adiew
to his native land." After which Madoc and his followers
were never more heard of.
Alexander von Humboldt, who thoroughly investigated
the various reports and stories of Welsh traditions and
language which were said to still be current among the
American Indians, says :
"The deepest obscurity still shrouds everlhing con-
nected with the voyage of the Welsh chief Madoc, second
son of Owen Guineth, to a great western land in 1170,
and the connection of this event with the great Ireland of
the Icelandic saga. In like manner the race of Celto-
Americans, whom credulous travelers have professed to
discover in many parts of the United States, have also dis-
appeared since the establishment of an earnest and scien-
tific ethnology, based not on accidental similarities of
sound, but on grammatical forms and organic structur'e."
34. For a number of these various traditions here alluded
to by Falckner and current in the province at that early
day, see An Enquiry into the Truth of the Tradition Con-
cerning the Discovery of America by Prince Madog about
the year iiyo. By John Williams, LL.D., London,
MDCCXCI.
35. Die rechte stange zu halten wüste.
36. Affen leibe {i. e., ape love.)
37. Hennepin.
38. Kriegsrecht.
39. Werg, from a short coarse hemp fiber.
Falckner's '•'•Ctirieuse Nachricht.'" 251
40. N. B. in MSS. Make a note of.
41. Note, the outer hull of the black walnut or hickory
nut is evidently indicated here.
42. A kind of a crude Russian bath.
43. A curious tradition on this subject has been handed
down from generation to generation in the writer's family,
and told him when a child. The story comes from one of
the family who was active in the French and Indian war,
it states that the Indians always strove to make prisoners of
the German soldiers or settlers, as they were specially desira-
ble for their cannibalistic feasts, their meat being sweet and
juicy. Their explanation for this choice was that the
Qi,iaker was to lean to eat, all skin and bone. The Irish-
man's meat was soaked with whiskey and useless and the
Englishman's meat was tasteless and bloated. So when a
robust German was captured he was tortured and killed,
and dismembered, the parts being larded with fat pine
splints and roasted over a slow fire.
44. Tomahawk.
45. Hematite.
46. Virtually a crude silo.
47. Rothstiirtzcn, Grass-frosch, Rana fusca.
48. Hufnmel — Bumblebee.
49. The guild of salt-makers of Halle, that so-called
Halloren, are here meant. These workers in the salines
of Halle in Saxony are a peculiar race or class supposed
to be of Attic origin ; and during Francke and Falckner's
time were quite numerous. They are noted for their tall
and robust physique, regular features, with high forehead
and fine eyes, as well as their open and spirited character
with a free and decorous deportment. They speak a special
252 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
dialect somewhat foreign to the German tongue and rich
in peculiar expressions smacking of the saltery. They
are also conspicuous for their devout and moral life. It
was upon this account that they were singled out by the
elder Francke for possible missionary work among the
Indians. Since the introduction of steam apparatus, most
of them have sought other occupations. The guild, how-
ever, which is entitled to certain rights and privileges, still
keeps up all its ancient customs. Cf. Keferstein, Halle,
1843.
50. The long German mile is here meant. The loca-
tion of this spring is not known to the annotator.
51. Arndt wahres Christenthum (Arndt's True Chris-
tianity^ is here indicated. This is one of the greatest and
most useful practical books produced by the Protestant
church. An American edition in the German language
was published by Benjamin Franklin and Johann Boehm
in Philadelphia as early as 175 1. The book was an octavo
and contained 1,356 pages with 65 plates.
In 1765 Christopher Sauer printed at Germantown an
edition of Arndt's Paradisgärtleiii, a 24 mo. of 531 pages.
Numbers of the various German editions of Arndt's works
were brought from the Fatherland from the earliest days
of our settlements, and were highly prized by the German
settlers, who used the True Christianity for their spiritual
guidance, especially when there was a lack of spiritual
advisors in their vicinity.
52. Vide Sachse's German Pietists^ Chapter, Reynier
Jansen, pp. 100-108. Also Pennsylvania Magazine of
History and Biography^ Vol. IV., pp. 432-444 2indi Early
Printing in Pennsylvania^ by John William Wallace.
53. Sturgeon.
Falckner's ^^Curteuse JVachrtcht." 253
54. Mus tela L.
55. Europe.
56. All goods and wares in that early day were trans-
ported on pack horses. It was not until many years after
Falckner's time that wagon roads were made into the
interior of the province.
57. America.
58. Europe.
59. Schacherer^ a low pedlar, a term usually applied to
pedlars who travel about the country on foot with a pack.
61. Allusion is evidently made here to Falckner's com-
panions the German Pietists on the Wissahickon, who were
living an exemplary and godly life there.
62. Germany.
64. Higher courts of the Province.
65. Bricks and mortar.
66. Burlington in New Jersey.
67. Falls of the Neshamany.
67 (note on page 197). Letzten Grund-suffe.
67 (note on page 207). Pennsylvania.
68. Passayunk.
71. Evidently in a sitting posture.
72. Compare with Question 76 supra.
73. An electuary used as an antidote against poisons.
74. One of the compounds of opium, also used against
snake bites.
76. In this connection, see account of missionary efforts
among the Indians of Rev. Jonas Aurem : Sachse's Ger-
man Pietists, pp. 126 et seq.; Sachse's German Sectarians,
Vol. II., p. 321 ; also remarkable reply of an Indian Chief,
ibid., p. 474.
254 ^^^^^ Pennsylvania- Ger7nan Society.
77 (note on page 221). This is an exceedingly interest-
ing piece of evidence, as it shows that Daniel Falckner did
not confine himself to confines of the tabernacle on the
Wissahickon or Germantown, but evidently explored the
resources of the Colony as well.
77 (note on page 221). *■'■ Herumgedrecht does not appear
to imply here a turning around so much as the irregular
moving or dancing about, which would be seen when the
air was unsteady. I should translate it danced about, which
fits in exactly with what follows. For if he was watching
the star through a small opening, this motion due to the
unsteadiness of the air would sometimes carry it half or
wholly out of sight."
Professor Charles L. Doolittle, Director of the Flower
Astronomical observatory, connected with the University
of Pennsylvania, when sending me above note on the
herumdrehung of the Polar Star, adds the following com-
ment upon Falckner's statement :
*' I do not remember ever seeing before this a reference
to a case where a wild North American Indian made any
reference to the stars. They had reached the stage of
development where they reckoned time by the moon's
motion, but aside from the sun and moon the movements
of the heavenly bodies received but little attention.
" An acquaintance with the planets and fixed stars is not
found to any extent I believe, in case of primitive people,
until they have reached a considerable degree of civiliza-
tion ; but a good deal of attention is likely to be given at a
much earlier stage to atmospheric and other conditions
which have to do with the weather.
*' This appears to be what the Indian in this case has in
mind. The unusual brightness of the star was of course
Falckner's ''^ Cur tense IVachrtcht." 255
due to a very clear transparent state of the atmosphere,
which meant to have been followed by colder weather.
Thence the motion which was made evident by watching
the star through a narrow opening was due to unsteadiness
in the atmosphere.
"This extract does not make the point clear, whether
in the present case the two went together, viz., unusual
brightness, with an unsteady condition of atmosphere, but
this is not at all an uncommon combination.
78. Compare question 40 supra. This is undoubtedly
the list of Heinrich Peterson, of Bremen alluded to in
Quesion 84 and the original of the short list following
Question IV. in the printed version.
79. " The Restitution of all Things." The restitution of
all the human family at some future time after the present
life to sinless excellence and to divine favor. This is
virtually the doctrine of the present universalists. It was
also one of the chief dogmas of the mystical sects that
flourished during the latter part of the seventeenth and the
early years of the eighteenth centuries. Cf. Sachse's Ger-
man Pietists and Sectarians.
80. The monetary unit of Northern Germany at that
time. It is still used in the German Empire ; its value is
3 marks or 71 cents in U. S. equivalent.
81. Auctoritate publica.
82. Fustian. This was a stout cloth of cotton and flax,
and was noted for its durabitity and wear.
83. This is certainly the first published scheme for cir-
cumventing the custom house officials by emigrants to
America. A desire which exists to the present day, and
has been greatly elaborated by the tourist of to-day, until
256
The Pennsylvania- German Society.
the most drastic means have been called into play by the
authorities.
84. S^elt. A cereal intermediate between wheat and
barley but usually considered a hard grained variety of the
former. It was the chief cereal of Ancient Egypt being
probably the rye of the time of Moses, of Greece and of
the Roman Empire. It is now cultivated mainly in Switz-
erland, in southern Germany and northern Spain under
the name of German wheat.
Cheriy ^lley
^ppjefree J/ley
IRecorb of tbe /llbarriaöes
in tbe
lEvanöelical Xutberan Conöregation
in ipbiladelpbia
Commenceö Hnno 1745
(Continued from Volume IX.)
Paul, Friedrich, a carpenter from Germantown, of Lutheran
faith, and,
Kellerschen, Margretha, of Reformed faith; m. in Philadel-
phia, February 12, 1745.
Witness, Nicolaus Bauer, Leonhardt Wintergerst, Leon-
hardt Beyer, Jacob Schneider,
Horner, Jacob, a Reformed Switzer, from Mond Halle [Mount
Holly], with
Hausknechtin, Catharina Margretha, of Lutheran faith, in
Mondhalli [Mount Holly] ; m. in Philadelphia, Dom, Esto
mihi d. febry. 24.
Witness, the Bride's father Ernst Haussknecht, David
Karger, and two Vorsteher of the congregation.
Gruger, Peter, with a Reformed widow; m. on Second Easter-
day, 1745.
Witness, Vorsteher of the congregation.
Bruen, Matthias, with Appolonia ; m. Easter Sunday,
1745, publicly in church.
Jung, Johann Conrad,
Bernstein, Anna Cath. ; m. May 12, 1745.
Witness, Johannes Franck, Philip Servas, Thomas
Diirmer.
2 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
WiNTERGERST, Lconhard.
ScHUBARTiN, Anna; m. in Philadelphia, June 3, 1745.
Witness, Friedrich Paul and Schubarts son, etc.
Ehrhard, Johannes,
Heydelbachin, Maria Lowisa; m. Dom. iv p. Trinit.
Witness, the Vorsteher, Carl Schneider and others.
Ahlgeyer, Johannes,
MÜLLERIN, Catharina Margretha, widow; m. July IG. Done in
the church.
Ege, Michael, a widower who lives in Germantown, and
HoLSTiN, Anna Catharina, dr. of Jiirg Holstein, on the Rich
[Ridge] ; m. July 25.
Witness, friends and neighbors on the Rich [Ridge].
Sekel, Jiirg [George] David,
Enkelsin, Jfr. [Miss]; m. August 17.
Witness, aU the wedding guests in the church.
Graef, Caspar,
Bauerin, Catharina Elisabeth; m. October 1, after the sermon
during public service.
Kästner, Caspar (Catholic),
GrÜhnin, Anna Catharina; m. October 1 during public service.
Holt, Johann Adam,
Knöchelmännin, Maria Christina, from Germantown; m. Oc-
tober 15 in the church.
'Christian, Philipp Jacob,
JBeckerin, Catharina; m. October 15 in the church.
Schutt, Philipp,
Weisin, Magdalina; both are from Lancaster; m. October 16.
By virtue of license from Gov. Geo. Thomas, dated Oc-
tober 16, 1745. M. in Vorsteher David Seckel's house.
Redebach, Johann Nicolaus, Reform,
VoxiN, Maria Elisabeth, Lutheran; m. at Philadelphia, November
5, in the church.
Stanton, Andrew,
MoxLE, Eleonora, English; m. November 24, in the church.
Records of Marriages . 3
SCHEIBER, Baltz,
CoNTRAN, Margretha, from Lancaster Co.; m. November 15, in
John Schmidt's house, by license sub. Dat. November 15,
1745.
Heppenheimer, Andreas,
Basselhin, Anna Margretha, widow; m. December 2 in German-
town, in presence of wedding guests.
Kittler, Johann Adam,
Lampertherin, Maria Elisabeth, widow; m. December 10, 1745
in the Germantown church.
Hofstedter, Jürg Theobald (Reformed),
Matzingerin, Anna iMaria, the Kaufmann's stepdaughter; m.
November 12 in the church.
Leh, Michael, widower,
, Maria Agnes (widow); m. December 17 in the German-
town church.
Irving, , English Reformed, with
, , Lutheran Reformed; m. December 15 in Niclas
Iflands house.
Redebach, , with ; m. December 26 in the church.
, Schoolmaster with ; m. December 29 in Hinckel's
house.
Anno 1746.
Roth, Ulrich, widower,
Kleinin, Anna Rosina; m. January 29 in the house, by the
helper, [Rev.] H. Schaum.
Ellicott, William,
Burchardin, Mary; m. March 9, 1746, in my room in presence
of the parents.
, ; m. January 1 9 in a room in Germantown, oppo-
site the church.
Witness, the Vorsteher.
Lösche, Johann Heinrich, widower, with
Junckin, ]Maria Margretha; m. February 17 in the schoolhouse
at Germantown.
4 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
HuYNT, Frantz Carl^
QuATTELBAUMiN, Gertraud (Reformed) ; m. March 7 in presence
of parents and friends.
Hartmann, Conrad (Reformed),
KÖHLERIN, Eva Elisabeth (Reformed) ; m. March 25 in Engel-
bert's house at Germantown in presence of various friends.
Seidler, Johann Jurg, widower,
Jagerin, Anna Catharina, widow; m. March 25 in his house.
Witness, the neighbours.
Debins, Ludewig, in Grinstmer (sic) Township,
KÖNIGN, Anna, widow, in Bucks County; m. April 8 in Anton
Hinckel's house, in presence of various friends and neigh-
bours.
Schäfer, David,
Schneiderin, Maria Catharina, in Philadelphia; m. April IT in
the Philadelphia Lutheran church.
Holst, Jurg, widower,
WiLCKiN, Maria, widow (Reformed) ; m. April 22 in presence
of many witnesses.
Kroft, Friedrich,
Cased, Maria Margretha, dr. Niclas Cased; m. April 29 in pres-
ence of many witnesses.
Wolf, Johann Heinrich (Reformed),
Fellendser, Juliana Maria; m. July 13.
Witness, Jacob Fister, Joh. Adam Fuchs.
Zinn, Hans Caspar,
Janin, Anna Barbara; m. July 13.
Witness, Niclas Steinmetz, Joh. Jurg Schaf.
Nazel, Christian in Cohenti [Cohanzezey],
HÄHNERIN, Maria Elisabeth; m. July 27.
Witness, H. Schleydorn, Jurg Eppele, Jurg Clevel,
Anna M. Kaufmann, Maria Cath. Schwartzin, Jurg Hein-
rich Sangmeister.
Unger, Andreas,
Eweidlerin (sic), Margretha; m. August 5.
Records of Ma^'riages. 5
Witness. Johann Jurg Ems, Joh. Negele, Joh. Wolf,
Jurg Hirt, Bernhard Rup.
Wolf, Joh., Catholic,
Neuhausin, Magdalena, Reformed; m. August 4, Dom. X p. T.
in Germantown.
EssLiNG, Johann Paul, Catholic,
BiTTELENNERiN, Christina, Lutheran; m. August 4, Dom. X p. T.
in Germantown.
Jacob, Jurg,
Grigtonin, Barbara; m. August 10, Dom. XI p. T.
Witness, Peter Poots, Jacob Barthel, Magdalena Bich-
lerin.
Klein, Jacob,
Heyin, Doroth. ; m. August 19 in presence of relatives and
friends at home.
Simon, Jacob, from Palsehock [Paulus Hook], soldier.
Smith, Catharina, Christ. Smidt in tolpeh. [Tulpehocken],
daughter; m. September 4 by license of Gov. Thomas
sub. September 4, 174G.
Witness, Christian Smidt, Sebastian Pasch, Jacob
Bortner, Peter Smidt.
Neiss, Johann Nicolaus,
Basensteinin, Maria Barbara; m. September 15.
Witness, 3. Grothauser his family and others.
Betty, Robert,
Schleycherin, Catharina; m. September 30.
Witness, Jacob Eiler, Adam Hinter, Johannes Gärtner,
Johannes Metzler, Anna Elisabeth Schneider, Eva Elisa-
beth Schleycherin, Elisabeth Metzler.
Bauer, Michael,
Heyin, Anna Elisabeth; m. October 5, Dom. XIX p. T.
Witness, relatives, in Lehman's house.
Walter, Friedrich (Reformed),
Brennemann, Elisabeth; m. October 7.
Witness, Jurg Smidt, Johannes Kamscher, Michael Hal-
ling, Johannes Femel, Adam Fox, Johannes Beker.
6 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
WysEj John Jacob,
CoxE, Rebecca; m. October 23 by license from his honor our
Governour, T. 22 Oct., 174G.
Krieger, Henrich,
RoDGN (sic), Margretha, widow; m. November 27 by a license.
Witness, Henrich Schreiber, David Kercher, Adam
Fuchs, Margretha Fischerin.
Graypeel, Nicolas,
Fegelin, Margretha (Anna Maria); m. December 17.
Witness, Nicolas Ifland, Jurg Vögele.
Clerk, William,
CoATHS, Buleah; m. October 26 by license from Governor.
Witness, two English, Thom. Weand, Martha Helfry.
Zerkmann, Christian,
Heigin, Anna Eva, Mennonites; m. November 25 in German-
town, where the Lehmans and others were gathered,
Ernst, Georg,
Schneyderin, Elisabeth Maria; m. December 10 by license d.
Dee. 9, in my absence by Rev. Mr. Schlatter.
KoHT, John Jacob,
KuNTziN, Margretha; m. December 16 by Rev. Michael Slatter
in my absence.
Braun, Godfried,
Spengelrin, Anna Margretha (Reformed); ra. October 11 in
his house in Germantown.
Anno 1747.
Stutz, Conad, servant at Clifton,
Artztin, Maria Barbara; m. February 10, 1747.
Witness, Joh. Baltlies. Bitzer, Joh. Jurg Appele, Nico-
laus Ewig, Heinrich Clemer.
Haindel, Johann Adam,
Berjerin, Anna Maria; m. February 17.
Witness, Joh. Georg Laudenberger, Jacob Schneck,
Christina Laudenbergerin.
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Records of Marriages. 7
Mansfield, Henrich,
Behls, Jeniey; m. March 2.
Witness, Richard Meus, Catharina Mails, Wilhelm
Berg. H. Schaum,
Söfferens, Johannes,
HoKEBERGERiN, Elisabeth; m. March 3 in SöfFerin's house, in
presence of divers neighbours.
Unbehend, Valentin,
LossERiN, Anna Maria; m. February 17 in our Lutheran church.
Kuhn, Johannes,
Kleberin, Christina (Reformed) ; m. March 10 in his house in
presence of several Reformed.
Von der Phort, William,
Heeringen, Anna Barbara; m. March 29 in presence of the
Kirchen Rath and a Vorsteher.
Beezens, Jacob,
Alberton, Cathrina; m. March 30 by license from his Honour
Gov. Georg Thomas de date 30 March, 1747.
Krier, Jacob,
Baselin, Anna Maria, surviving dr. Balthes Basel; m. April 13
in my room.
Witness, Andreas Heppenheimer, Peter Koch, Jacob
Timanus and relatives.
Kayser, Johannes,
FuNCKiN, Barbara; m. April 20, Easter Monday, in Anthony
Gilbert's house in presence of neighbours and relatives.
Makly, Robert,
Rohtweilerin, Elisabeth; m. May 1 in Nicol. Ifland's residence
in Philadelphia with other witness.
RÖHRIG, Niclas (Reformed),
Johnson, Anna Maria, Lutheran widow; m. May 5 in presence
of relatives of Schippach ^Mennonites.
Sonntag, Johannes,
HoFMANNiN, Cathrina; m. May 11 in presence of two Vorsteher
and parents of couple.
8 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Eberhard^ Johannes,
BiEHLERiN, Anna Dorothea, Math. Biehler's dr.; m. May 12 on
Brocden's place, in presence of relatives and neighbours.
Wells, John,
Grossenanin, Anna Maria; m. May 14.
Witness, Johannes , Jacob Atehebender.
MÜLLER, Johann,
Messingerin, Maria; m. May 14.
Witness, Daniel Müller, Godfried Lehr, and parents.
EvALD, Carl,
BiswANGERiN, Justina ; m. May 25, by virtue of a license dated
May 18, and consent of Ch. Heph. Airmet.
Koser, Jacob,
Laudenbergerin, Christina; m. May 28.
Witness, Johann Georg. Laudenberger, Johannes
Hummel, Jiirg Strohauer, Johan Henrich Kuhn.
Bender, Jacob,
Friedbergerin, Dorothea; m. May 31.
Witness, Hans Jurg Schäfer, Wilhelm Ruft.
HowERT, Richard, English Lutheran,
Schmidt, Isabel; m. May 31.
Witness, Ludwig Seibel, John Reis, Mary Reis.
HoLTZLÄNDER, Nicolas, Catholic,
JÄNERVIN, Anna Magdalena, Lutheran; m. June 8.
Witness, Adam Weber (surety), Thomas Durmer.
Snoring, Jurg,
LiETiN, Anna Maria; m. June 14.
Witness, Jurg Jacobi, Andreas Bek.
Popp, Hans Jurg,
Trompien, Anna Barbara; m. June 23.
Witness, Peter Georg. Copp, Joh. Wolfgang Unger.
GrÜpel, Andreas,
ScHAAFiN, Maria Regina; m. June 21.
Witness, several young people and good friends.
Records of Marriages. 9
Bengel, Henrich (Evangelisch),
KÖHLERIN, Catharina (Reformed); m. June 28 at Germantown
in a private house in presence of two Vorsteher.
Benninger, Jacob,
Belslile, Anna Margretha; m. August 31.
Witness, Mathias Abel, Joh. Sonntag, Friedrich Reif-
sneider, Philip Wattheimer.
SoNTAG, Jacob,
Ankweiler, Catharina; m. October 11, in my room.
Witness, Jacob Kaller from Germantown.
Geiger, Jacob, widower,
Steiberin, Margretha; m. November 9 in my room in presence
of Peter Wambold and wife.
Henke, Joachim,
Eberlin, Anna Christina; m. November 10 in a Quaker's house
in presence of many English and Germans.
WiNDisH, Jacob, in service with Jacob Schoem,
Criesin, Maria Margreth, in service with John Joder; m. Dom.
XXII p. Trinit. in Jacob Schoemaker's house.
ZiTSMANN, Christian,
Pheiferin, Susanna; m. November 17.
Witness, Johan Frank, Michael Pheifer, Conrad Stutz.
Hausmann, Christoph,
HiNKEL, Maria Barbara; m. November 17.
Witness, Valentin Leonhard, Valentin Buchheker.
Egolf, Michael, widower,
Bendere, Cath., widow; m. November 24.
Witness, Johan Henrich Clemere and wife.
Rheinhard, Christian,
Cressin, Veronica; m. November 26.
Witness, Joh. Oswald, Joh. Frank, Henrich Müller,
Carl Lud. Essig.
Amoel, Jacob,
Walterin, Sophia; m. December 1.
Witness, Georg. Richter and wife.
lo The Pennsylvania- German Society.
MiNSHALL^ Samuel,
Stanton, Jane; m. December 29.
Witness, Anthony Siddon, Christina Smithin.
Magench, Cornelius,
Clausin, Margreth; m, December 13.
Witness, Georg Alber, Adam Haas.
Reisinger, Martin,
Biegmannin, Anna Magdalena; m. December 20 in presence of
various witness, at Schöner's residence.
Ernst, Georg,
Glöknerin, Cathrina (Reformed); m. December 21 in the Tan-
ner's house, near the City Bath boat.
Anno 1748.
Geiger, Jacob,
HiRTziN, Eva Cathrina; m. January 18.
Witness, Jacob Geiger (Pater), Michael Richter.
Byron, Mathew,
Baylitzen, Elisabeth; m. January 21 in Lorentz Baylitzen's
house.
GoLDER, Hans Jurg,
Ebelin, Rosina; m. February 2.
Witness, Jacob Behlert, Johannis Lehrer, Jacob Stutz,
Friedrich Hampsrecht, Christina Eberle.
Frieburg, Ludwig,
Hartmannin, Susanna Elisabeth; m. February 2.
Witness, Jacob Sikel, Joh. Casp. Graef, Niclas Brosius,
Friedrich Reis, Niclas Ewig.
Schütze, Matheus,
Nonnemacherin, Anna Barbara; m. February 9.
Witness, Mathews Schütze, Joh. Emerich Nonnemacher,
David Kercher, Nicolaus Leiser, Willhelm Tauber.
Blikele, Mathias, widower,
ViscHERiN, Marg. (Reformed); m. February 15.
Witness, David Kärger, Johannes Weibel, Hinrich
Schreiber, Jacob von der Weide, Henrich Krüger.
Records of Marriages. n
Falckenstein, Ludwig,
Hermannin, Maria (widow); m. March 13 in presence of the
Germantown Vorsteher.
Eberhard, Hans Jurg,
BiRKiN, Anna (Reformed); m. March 22.
Witness, Jacob Sontag, Maria Cath. Cunradin, Jennery
Preis, English.
Umstadt, Johann Jacob,
QuATTELBAUMiN, Maria Catharina; m. March 31.
Witness, Johannes Georg Wiilcke, David Wiilcke,
Maria Quattelbaumin, Catharina Elisabeth Kressin.
Koch, Mathias,
CussEDiN, Dorothea; m. April 12.
Witness, Johann Peter Cused, Peter Poot, Nicol Custed.
Baylitz, Jacob,
Adams, Elisabeth; m. May 21.
Witness, James Thomsin, Mary Schmidt.
Dieter, Michael,
Redebachin, Elisabeth, both Lutheran; m. May 24.
Witness, Joseph Alber, Michael Redebach, Joh. Fetter
(Lutheran, Christopher Gressel, Valentin Sigismund,
Jacob Eyse, Thomas Hayer.
NeÜheiser, Hans Mich,
HoFMANNiN, Anna Cath.; m. June 19.
Witness, H. Schleydorn, Jcaob Kraft.
Allen, Ulrich,
Schmidtin, Marg. Magdalena; m. June 20, license same date.
Witness, Johannes Oswald, Wilhelm Berg, Sibylla
Loescherin.
MÜLLER, Henrich,
KÖNIG, Anna Margretha, dr. Joh. König, near Germantown; m.
May 18 in his own house.
Seftel, Valentin (Reformed).
Schneiderin, Anna Elisab. (Lutheran); m. May 17 in Michael
Eges' house pro. Dr. Slatter.
12 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Schul, Caspar, widower,
KuMLERE, Rosina, widow; m. May 30 in the Germantown church.
KuNTz, Henrich,
KoppiN, Christina; m. June 21 in the Philadelphia church, with
a marriage sermon, Ps. 37.
SCHERRETT, JamCS,
Warner, Susanna; m. July 8.
Witness, John Justis, Crosodill Warner, Andrew War-
ner.
Fischer, Melchoir, widower,
RiEKERE, Anna Maria; m. July 25.
Witness, Wilhelm Karst, Jurg Jacobi, Andreas Bek.
Jotter, Johannes,
KoRSTEN, Anna Margretha (Catholic religion) ; m. August 2
in the church with a marriage sermon.
Freymuth, Johann Hinrich, from Hamburg (Lutheran),
Hopkins, Anna, widow, from Switzerland (Reformed) ; m. Sep-
tember 18.
Witness, the two Vorsteher, Michael Ege, Hans Jurg
Meissner.
Frantz, Johann Jacob, widower,
RÖRIN, Maria Elisabeth, widow; m. October 9 in the Germantown
Church.
Fischer, Jacob,
Steinbrennerin, Julianna; m. October 25.
Witness, Jacob Behl, Anton Hinkel, John Lehman,
Jacob Rittenhaus.
Leaver, Erasmus,
Mearry, Catharine ; m. October 1 8 per license sub data in Caspar
Ulrich's house.
Harpel [Harper], Peter,
Deel, Eva; m. October 18 per license d. October 17.
Kalbfleisch, Johann Hinrich,
VoLTziN, Barbara (Reformed); m. November 1.
Witness, Joh. Stillwagen, Mathias Voltz, Robert Betty,
John Powel.
Records of Marriages, 13
Dyado, Michael, with a license,
ScHANTZENBACH, John Georg Adam,
Sekelin, Anna Marg. ; m. December 9.
Witness, Jurg David Sekel, Andreas Jotter.
Anno 1749.
Antoni, Jiirg Michael, Lutheran,
Weberin, Johanna Elisab., widow (Reformed) ; m. January 3.
Witness, Lorentz Bast, Jacob Mak, Nicolas Ifland.
KuNKEL, Hans Eberh. (Lutheran),
QuATTELBAUMiN, Anna Barb. (Reformed); m. January 3.
Witness, Hinrich Müller, Conrad Ries, Christoph
Lehr, Jacob Umstadt.
Klein, Hinrich,
Croesin, Cathrina Elisabetha, Reformed religion; m. March 7
in the church.
Prügel, Jacob,
Protzmännin, Anna Elisabeth; m. March 9.
Witness, Conrad Keimle, Joh. Friedrich Hakener, Joh.
Peter Schmidt, Wilhelm Berg.
SoNTAG, Jacob, fils [junior],
MÜLLERIN, Christina; m. March 14.
Witness, Leonhard Müller, Jacob Sontag (pater),
Johan Melch. Matzinger.
Rambo, Thomas,
Beal, Deborah, both of Gloucester County in West Jersey; m.
March 18 with a license from the Governor.
Rambo, John,
Harriot, Elisabeth, spinster; m. March 21 by a license d. March
21, 1749, in Conrad Kiemle's house.
BosHARD, Andreas,
Genselin, Christina Cathrina, widow; m. March 27 divers wit-
ness.
Arnold, Johannes,
Bekerin, Sarah Elisabeth (Reformed); m. March 27 in my
house.
14 The Pennsylvania- Ger7nan Society,
Schneider, Hans Jacob,
Paulin, Anna Maria; m. March 28.
Witness, Hans Michael Gohn, Anna Elisabeth Dan-
haiisere, Anna Maria Paulin.
Egolf, Michael,
Hausere, Elisabeth; m. March 28,
Witness, Johann Hinrich Klemer, W. Anna.
Grämer, Hans Georg,
Krebsin, Barbara; m. March 28.
Witness, Nathanial Allen, John Harry, Adam Krebs.
Meisser, Hans Michael, widower,
NoLBiN, Cathrina; m. April 16.
Witnss, Wilhelm Karst, Mathias Bruhn, Hans Jürg
Arnold.
Faust, Antony from Oley,
Fischer, Elisabeth, from Tulpehocken; m. April 28 with a
license.
Witness, Paul Geiger, Jürg Ernst Loechler from
Ohley.
Reifschneider, Friedrich,
Driverin, Ruht; m. May 6.
Witness, George Scoffith, Stephan Gutman, Mathia
Abel, Philip Waltecnir.
Dräs, Conrad,
Schustere, Cathrina (Reformed); m. April 23 in presence of
Vorsteher and others.
Vigera, Johann Friedrich,
Stephans, Anna; m. April 19 in Rev. Muhlenberg's residence
at Providence.
Schubert, Christoph (junior),
Klippelen, Elisabeth; m. May 4 in the church at Germantown.
Kornemann, Conrad,
Schatzin, Margretha; m. May 4 in the church at Germantown.
PoLiCH, Johan Nicolas (widower),
Schmidtin, Maria Margretha; m. April 7 in my house.
THE PENNSYLVANIA-GERMAN SOCIETY.
PLAN OF INTERIOR ST. MICHAELIS CHURCH,
FORMERLY AT NORTHEAST CORNER OF FIFTH STREET AND APPLETREE ALLEY, BUILT 1743, DEMOLISHED 1870. TOMBS OF PASTORS
HEINZELMANN, BRUNNHOLTZ, HANDSCHUH, SCHMIDT AND HELMUTH IN FRONT OF ALTAR. GRAVES OF MUHLENBERG
CHILDREN IN SACRISTY. PLAN DRAWN FROM ORIGINAL DATA BY JULIUS F. SACHSE.
Records of Marriages. 15
RiEGER, Jacob,
Ornerin, Anna Elisabeth; m. May 16 in Christoph Raben's
residence.
LowRY, Henry,
Penering, Cathrina (widow) ; m. May 20.
Witness, Johannes Zacharias, Matthias, Hollebach.
Ott, Johannes,
Slattere, Anna; m. May 29.
Witness, Sebastian Leininger, Johannes Kraus.
Booth, William ,
Nerghewser, Hanns, Mich.,
Olpen, Cathrina; m, April — ,
Witness, Willi. Karst, Jürg Passage, Wilh. Berg, Jacob
Behner, Cathrina Rischauer.
Bell, Jesaiah,
Jones, Margreth; m. August 30.
Witness, Thomas Abty, Isaac Bartram, Richard Hum-
phrey.
Graef, Johannes,
Fachsin, Maria Magdalena; m. October 9.
Witness, Jacob Graef, Thomas Durmer, Johann. Cas-
par Graef.
Summer, Mathias,
Nullin, Christina; m. October 23.
Witness, Jacob Schutt, Hans Jürg Null, Johan. Jurg
Kurtz, Philipp Haller, John Dorett.
Walker, Joh. Michael,
Baum AN, Maria Cathrina; m. November 12.
Witness, Wilhelm Karst, Jacob Behner, Jürg Eppele,
Michael Hahn.
Pleygler, Jacob,
Hackin, Christina; m. November 12.
Witness, same as above.
Gensel, Jacob, and , ; m. October 13, in Math.
Gensel's residence.
i6 The Pennsylvania- German Society
Weyl, ,
Lohrmannin; m. October 17 in widow Lohrmannin's residence.
Grosnickel, Peter,
Beckrin, Margretha; m. November 14.
Witness, Jacob Becker, Bernhard Becker, Jacob Hill.
Pheifer, Michael,
DiELiN, Anna Margretha, dr. Simon Peter Diel; m. November
14.
Witness, Simon Peter Diel, Peter Grosnikel.
RÖMER, Hans Jurg,
Draxlerin, Anna Magdalena; m. December 19.
Witness, Jacob Barthel, Jacob Unbehend, Peter Poot,
Michael Kuntz.
Unger, Johann Philip,
Spanhauer, Rosina (Reformed) ; m. December 26.
Witness, Daniel Pilger, Peter Wüster, Christian Hauck,
Bernhard Rupe, Jurg Hirt.
Fritze, Ludwig,
Frickers, Anna Maria; m. December 26.
Witness, Jacob Rau, Henrich Clemere, Andreas
Clemere.
Cress, and ; m. November 2.
Weithamer, and ; m. November 13 in
my house.
Witzel, Conrad, and ; m. November 13.
Crafford, and ; m. November 78 in my
house.
HoHL, Matthias, and ; m. December 12.
NiEBELiNG, , and ; m. December 17.
Anno 1750.
Waldhauer, Christoph,
MÜLLERIN, Barbara; m. January 23.
Witness, Leonhard Müller, Johannes Sontag, Caspar
Mesner, Jurg Waldhauer.
Records of Marriages. 17
Metsger, Johan Jacob,
Keller, Anna Maria Appollonia, widow late Joh. Keller; m.
January 30.
Witness, Johann Jürg Ruht, Henrich Kiemer, Jurg
Muller.
Christter, Johan Jacob,
Graefin, Maria Philippina; m. February 16.
Witness, Jacob Graef, Thomas Durmer, Adam Weber,
Jacob Graef's Servants.
Nageler, Niclas,
SiEBENPHEiFERiN, Cathriua Elisabeth; m. February 12.
Witness, Mildeberger, and many others.
Nick, Jacob,
Walterin, Margretha; m. February 13.
Witness, Jacob Nick's brothers.
LosHiER, , Stocking weaver,
Karnagel, Margretha, spinster; m. February 11, at German-
town, Jacob Behlert.
Hartmann, Mathaeus Jacob Albrecht,
Campachin, Anna Cathrina; m. February 20; divers witness
Gutmann (Zeuchmacher) [stuflP-weaver].
Wagner, Johan Jacob,
BiCKERE, Anna Maria; m. February 22.
Witness, Joseph Alber and w., Walpurga Alberle.
Hauser, Hans Martin,
Mauseren, Maria Anna; m. March 4.
Witness, Joseph Alber, Walpurga Alberle.
Schnitzer, Johannes,
Greinerin, Barbara; m. March 5.
Witness, Cathrina Mautzin.
ScHiTT, Jacob, widower (Newcomer),
Antonis, Maria Cathrina (single); m. April 1.
Witness, :Matthias Sommer, Jacob Hös, Maria Mag-
dalena Schokin, Christina Sommerin.
i8 The Pennsylvania- Ger7nan Society.
Humphry, Richard,
Wheat, Dinah; m. April 7, according to a license of his honour
the governor.
Witness, Georg Weshitt, JVIartha Hust.
BoHNER, Conrad,
Bernardin, Maria Christina; m. April 17.
Witness, Hans Jurg Gommel, Joh. Christian Wagner,
Maria Cathrina .
Lehman, John,
Unverzagtin, Lowisa Cathrina; m. April 19, in Unverzagt's
house.
BicKiN, Caspar, widower.
Britzin, Cathrina, widow; m. January 19, by Rev. Mr. Slatter.
Eberle, Johannes,
Burchardin, Margretha, widow; m. April 21.
Witness, Jacob Strähle, and Susanna, wife of Andreas
Strähle.
Jung, Jiirg Jacob,
Arnaldin, Anna Maria Elisabeth (Reformed) ; m. April 24-,
sp. Henrich Jung, the father.
Pritchart, William,
Kinsery, Katherine; m. June 2 by a license.
Witness, Thomas Eply, John Russ.
Beck, Johann Christopher,
Brunnerin, Elisabeth; m. June 4.
Witness, Peter Herg, Diedrich Strupel.
Hart, Valentin,
Von Erden, Cathrina; m. June 5.
Witness, Christian Von Erden, Abraham Salman,
Gabriel Von Erden.
Reber, Philip,
RÜKERE, Agnes; m. June 26.
Witness, Johan Martin Reuser (Evangelish), Anna
Maria Karstin, Anna Schlottere.
Deie [Day?], Peter,
Heiselin, Anna Cath. ; m. July 1.
Records of Marriages. 19
Witness, Jacob Heisel and two Vorsteher in German-
town.
Schäfer, Adam, Reformed;
Skyden, Anna Margrethra ; m. March 20, in my residence by
Rev. Rauss (sic).
Ross, Georg, widower, and newcomer from Cohenti.
MÜLLERE, Sabina, widow; m. March 12, by Rev. Mr. Schlatter.
Meyer, Matthias,
Knöplerin, Esther; m. May 29 in Samuel Hazard's house.
Worms, Daniel, and ,
Weckesser, , and ,
Ammon, , and ,
Krier, Michael, and ,
BuTTERWEG, Jolianncs,
Stellfeldtin, Sophia; m. July 12.
Witness, Valentin Leonhard, Henrich Stellfeldt.
Fleishmann, Johann Jacob (Lutheran),
Knippenbergerin, Anna Margretha Reformed); m. July 16.
Witness, Wilhelm Karst, Johann. Jurg Faddle, Maria
Barbara Haussmannin.
Kraft, Jacob, widower.
Seemannin, Cathrina Dorothea; m. July 22.
Witness, Thomas Durmer, Carl Ewald.
Koch, Martin,
Mautin, Margretha; m. July 24.
Witness, Joh. Arnold, Conrad Stutz, Henrich Sumer.
BicHLER, Andreas,
Bermerin, Margretha; m. August 14.
Witness, Johan Ulrich Drift, Johannes Eberhard,
Johannes Peltz.
Reich, John,
Frieburgin, Carolina; m. August 11, by Rev. Mr. Rauss.
Witness, kinsmen.
Graef, Jacob,
Abelin, Anna Cathrina; m. September 18. ,
Witness, Thomas Durmer, Jacob Minner.
20 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Fleischer, Baltzer,
Weitmanin, Hanna Cathrina; m. September 18.
Witness, same as above.
Si/ATTERER, Martin,
Steigerin, Brigitta; m. September 19.
Witness, Philip Rebere, Conrad Schauwecker, Agnes
Rebens.
Herrman, Johann,
Swenckin, Esther; m. September 25. •
Witness, John Schmidt, Jacob Hut.
Jung, Johannes (Reformed),
BuDAiN, Anna Elisabeth; m. September 28.
Witness, Joh. Ludw. Buda, Leonhard Gessner, Niclaus
Leiser.
Bader, Jacob,
BucHMANN [Bushmann], Elisabeth; m. October 1.
Witness, Hans Jurg Bender, Johannes Bader.
Hall, Johann Niclas,
Handschuhin, Margretha; m. October 1.
Witness, Jacob Behner, Philip Bernard Henssel.
Hollebach, Matthias,
YoDER, Elisabeth; m. October 2 by license.
Witness, Christian Schneider, Jurg Schöner.
Widman, Joh. Friedrich.
HuMELERE, Cathrina, widow; m. October 15; two witnesses from
Germantown.
Stöss, Jurg, widower,
Ottingere, Salome (Reformed); m. October 16.
Witness, Johannes Weddele, Jacob Schild, Jurg Becker,
Antony Eky, Hans Jacob Stoss.
Glass, Michael,
BoNiN, Cathrina,
Vey, Johann Michael,
HÖFNER, Anna Cathrina; m. October 22.
Witness, Georg Horn, Jurg Bronner, Johann Simon
Vey.
Records of Marriages, 21
Klötzer, Baltzer,
Geiere, Cathrina; m. October 29.
Witness, Zacharias Friedrich, Jacob Behner, Peter
Stuber.
SiKELE, Johannes,
Henninger, Anna Christina Rosina; m. November 6.
Witness, Johannes Henniger, Carl Ewald, Johan Jurg
Wehn, Johannes Henniger.
Salome, Johan,
Görlitz, Christina Maria; m. November 12.
Witness, Christoph Fuller, Peter Briental.
Mean, John,
Sweierin, Anna Margretha; m. November 15.
Witness, George Eisborter, Georg Leihauser, Chri.
Eppelin.
Meyer, Johannes,
Teublere, Maria; m. November 18.
Witness, Ludwig Fritze, Johann Andreas Seisei.
Vetter, Peter,
MÜLLERIN, Hannah; m. November 20.
Witness, Jacob Schomaker, Peter Petterich, Isaac
Venost, William Collet.
Falk, Johann Ludewig,
Schülerin, Anna Christina; m. December 24.
Witness, Daniel Eder, Johannes Berg, Friedrich Maut,
Jurg Kurtz.
Reuter, Johannes,
Stählin, Christina; m. December 26.
Witness, Johannes Mittchel, Gerhard Rittenhausen,
Jacob Rub, John Ottinger, Anton Hinkel, junior.
Baumann, Johannes,
Schmidtin, Sarah, from Merion twp. ; m. December 9 in Anton
Gilbert's residence by Rev. Mr. Kurtz.
Dauenhauer, Godfried,
Sassemannshausin, Anna Cathrina (Reformed) ; m. December 4
by Rev. Mr. Muhlenberg.
22 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
BoEKELE, Hinrich,
Berendahler, Margretha; m. October 30 in Dan. Berendahler's
house.
Edelmann, Peter,
BuDAiN, Christina; m. August 20 in my room in Germantown.
Witness, Johan Ludwig Buda, Hans Michael Mohry.
Anno 1751.
Kuhn, Jurg Martin,
Brehmerin, Anna Ursula; m. January 1.
Witness, Wolfgang Hagen, Johann Heinrich Lieber,
Anna Marg. Fleischmannin, Magdalena Haage.
Schneider, Christian,
Fritzin, Anna Gottliebin; m. January 1 in Georg's Hause in
presence of many persons.
Matzinger, Johan Melchoir,
KocHiN, Anna Catharina, widow; m. January 8.
Witness, Mich. Krier, Johannes Kaufmann, Jacob
Koch, Joh. Ahlegeyer, Joh. Michael Mäsemer (Catholic).
Schaufler, John Georg,
Bendelin, Francisca; m. January 8.
Witness, Johann Jurg Arnold, Hans Adam Naess,
Joh. Reushele.
Müller, Johann Valentin,
KoLBiN, Eva; m. February 19.
Witness, Ludwig Kolbe, Johan Niclas Zell Andreas
Kast, Peter Pheifer, Johan Michael Hezel, Leonhard
Streper.
RÄHS, Hans Michael (Reformed),
Frantzin, Anna Maria Elisab. ; m. February 19 decently in the
church.
Stucky, Jacob,
Greisinger, Elisabeth; m. January 2 in presence of relatives.
Records of Marriages. 23
Weber, Christoph,
LiNTziN, Anna Elisabeth; m. January 20 in my room in Ger-
mantown.
Witness, Matthias Lintz and many farmers.
Roberts, William, hubandman in Merion Township, and
Roberts, Ann; m. February 21 by a license from his honour the
Governour sub. February 21, 1751.
Dornmeyer, Michael,
WiRTHiN, Veronica; m. March 4.
Witness, Jacob Schäfer, Peter MuUer, Heinrich Brun-
ner.
BÖHM, Johann Ernst, widower,
Schönwenna, Anna Margretha; m. March 17 in the church.
Bender, Johann Philip,
Falckensteinin, Maria; m. April 8.
Rheinhard, Philipp,
Benderin, Anna Maria Agnesa ; m. April 8 both couples at same
time in open church.
Meyer, Thomas,
Clempin, Margretha; m. April 16 in Samuel Hazard's house.
Lehman, Christian,
Fende, Elisabeth; m. May 2 according to a license from his
Honour our Governor.
Witness, John Clem, Gotlob Naumann, John Leh-
mann, Ferdinand Fende.
Schutz, Johann Peter,
Leflerin, Maria Sophia; ra. May 21.
Witness, Philipp Holler, Dielmann Fuchs, Johan Jacob
Werns, Dorothea Campach.
Horn, Hans Jurg,
Weise, Cathrina; m. May 21.
Witness, Johann Michael Swab, Anna Cathrina
Rheinin, Maria Eva Kuntzin.
Schuster, Hans Jurg,
Kayserin, Gertraud; m. May 7 in Germantown by Rev. Hart-
wich.
24 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Kraft^ Joseph,
Meyerin, Cathrina; m. May 7 in Philadelphia.
Much, James,
Abevan [ap Bevan], Jane; m. April 20, according to a license
from the Governor.
Jung, Henrich,
Knodelin, Anna Maria; m. May 2.
Witness, Andreas Beller, Joh. Michael Mesemer, Jacob
Jurg Jacob, Christ. Henrich Jung.
Zimmermann, Johann Tobias,
MuNSTERiN, Christina Cathrina; m. June 4.
Luder, Johan Heinrich, widower,
EsMONGERiN, Maria Saloma, spinster; m. June 4 both couple in
open church.
Leibelin, Johann Heinrich,
RiEBEL, Elisabeth; m. June 4.
Witness, Peter Bluhm, Anna Catharina Riesin, Anna
Rosina Engelbertin.
LeidhaÜser, Georg,
Pauen, Anna Margretha; m. June 19 by a license.
Witness, Hartman Adam, Valentin Petri, Christian
Eberle, Melchoir Wiegner.
Altmann, Georg,
RoHTiN, Maria Elisab. ; m. June 25.
Witness, Johannes Peurer, Ludwig Kohl, Friedrich
Wust.
Brant, John,
Brandin, Mary; m. July 5 by license.
Witness, Carl Ludwig Weise, Christina Hegelin.
Greene, John Heinrich (Reformed),
Kurtzin, Anna Barbara (also Reformed), both single; m. June
24 publicly in our church.
Mebold, Hans Jurg,
Teutingen, Anna Christina; m. July 9 in the church.
Müller, Johann Jacob,
Debaldin, Anna Maria; m. July 9 in the church.
Records of Marriages. 25
Wedel, Johannes,
Fehlin, Catharina; m. July 11 in his house.
Johnson, James,
Bauerin, Catharina Elisabeth; m. July 21.
Witness, Joh. Wolf, Joh. Michael Kuntz, Jacob Barthel,
Peter Pott, Andreas Tiefendahl.
SCHLEYHAUF, Philip,
Weisin, Regina; m. July SO in the church.
Bader, Johann Jürg, widower,
Tannere, Maria (Reformed); m. September 17 in my house,
David Sekel and others.
Miner, Jacob, single,
Kayserin, Cathrina; m. September 17.
Witness, Jacob Graef, junior, and friends.
Bichler, Philip,
Hermannin, Elisabeth; m. September 2G.
Waker, Andreas,
HiNTziNGER, Cathrina; m. October 11.
Witness, Baltzer Bott, Hildebrand Heckeman.
Egolf, Michael,
VoLMERiN, Elisabeth; m. October 14 in my house.
Bernhard, Hans Georg,
Sekelin, Susanna Cathrina; m. October 17 by license.
Witness, Joh. David Seckel, Jiirg David Seckel.
WiTHEHÄD [whitehead] James,
Connor, Mary; m. October 31 in James Whitehead's residence.
Witness, Clarkson.
Legerom, Johannes,
Bittingerin, Christina; m. November 5.
Witness, Jacob Weidman, Simon Dreisbach, Daniel
Lucan, Johannes Reser.
Jung, Friedrich Jacob,
Creisin, Maria Juliana; m. November 5.
Witness, Henrich Jung, Jacob König, Jacob Koch,
Michael Mesner.
20 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Fischer, Hans Martin,
FiscHERE, Anna Maria; m. December 30.
Witness, Jacob Bender, Michael Frik, Anna Clemere.
Unger, Christian,
Theusin, Maria Anna; m. December 31.
Witness, Jacob Kosh, Valentin Schmidt, Philip Muh-
lenhof, Peter Tens, Jiirg Hort.
Anno 1752.
BucHTER, Johannes,
MuLLERE, Cathrina; m. January 25.
Witness, Johannes Jiitter, Michael Campher, Susannah
Maria Campherin, Maria Magdalena Jotterin.
DiEL, Johann Godfried,
Meyerin, Anna Maria; m. February 18 in open church.
Ege, Tobias,
Ruperston, Elisabeth; m. by license from the Governor.
KiTz, Johann Georg,
Waldhauerin, Appollonia; m. March 2.
Witness, Michael Weber, Samuel Benten,
Mohr, Georg Weidel.
Raup, Jonas,
Bucks, Anna Barbara; m. March 22 in the evening hour of
prayer.
Rilling, Hans Conrad,
Kelterin, Eva; m. March 30.
Witness, Ludwig Fritze, Ludwig Nonnemacher,
Dorothea Bittingere.
Graf, Mathias,
Taylor, Barbara ; m. April 4 by a license of April 4.
Treysbach, Simon,
Dies, Dorothea; m, April 7 by a license of April 7.
Johnson, John,
Wills, Mary; m. April 11 by a license from his honour of the
same date.
Witness, Thomas Wills.
Records of Marriages. 27
Armbruster, Johann Anthonyus,
• [Regina Barbara] ; m. April 12.
Witness, David Seckel, Michael Durr, and many others.
Kern, Adam,
Zehlin, Anna Maria; m. March 3 in the evening hour of prayer
(Betstunde).
Wiederholt, Carl,
Widmann, Susannah; m. March 31 on Pemberton's place.
Schneider, Johan Georg,
Waldhauerin, Ursula ; m. April 20 in presence of many.
Hohle, Johannes,
VoLKiN, Anna Maria; m. April 21.
Witness, Wendel Heft, Johan Hinrich Barsh, Jurg
Störner.
Wilkinson, James,
MooRE, Anne; m. April 23 by license of same date.
Witness, Robin Cornish, Alexander Peitches, Mary
Sector.
Roe, Johann Martin,
Handwerkerin, Christina; m. April 27 in presence of many
witnesses.
Hackenmüller, Johann Albrecht,
Kernin, Anna Utilia; m. May 4.
Witness, Carl Ewald, Th. Durmer, INIichael Ege, Math.
Gensei.
Ries, John,
Helfingere, Gertraud; m. May 9 by a license of the same.
Reis, John,
Pallin, Maria [Paulin] ; m. May 11.
Witness, Thomas Veldtin, Samuel Miles, Martha
Veldtin, Margretha Binezard.
Joh., Johan Adam,
Seippen, Elisabeth Christina; m. May 18 at Mount Holly.
Witness, Jurg Michael Kampher (Reformed), Anna
Eva Oxin.
28 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
«
Friedle, Johan Conrad,
Hennin, Maria Margretha; m. May 21.
Witness, Johannes Sauder, Johan Jacob Über, Frantz
Huber.
Kunstmann, Johan Godfried,
Forbiger, Elisabeth; m. May 21.
Witness, Caspar Grassman, Johan Nilgere, Joh. Godf.
Penker, Joseph Dummy.
Breech, Thomas,
Brooks, Elisab. ; m. May 27.
Witness, Thomas Preesle, Mary Semele.
Preston, John,
Carter, Mary; m. June 4.
Witness, John Hahns, Jane Hahns.
Bartmer, Johann Adam,
Wynandin, Doroth. Mar. Cath. ; m. July 8.
Witness, Joh. Mich. Mesemer, Gregorius Richter.
MiCHLER, Johann Just,
Peucerin, Cathrina; m. June 29.
Witness, Johannes Peucers, Peter Barries.
Scotts, John,
Richterin, Christina; m. July 9.
Witness, Andrew McNair, Georg Yard, Johannes
Nägel, Joh. Richter.
Wilson, David,
Wiley, Mary; m. July 28.
Witness, James Wilkinson, Jeremia Bryant, Alexander
McCanno.
ScHOUB, Adam,
BissERT, Elisabeth; m. July 29.
Witness, Henrich Brunner, Philip Flik, Anny Pew,
John Schäps.
Owen, Samuel,
Johnson, Ann; m. August 3.
Witness, John Johnson, Mary Johnson.
Records of Marriages. 29
Bauer, Job. Jurg,
WiTMANNiN, Maria Elisabeth; m. August 18.
Witness, Baltzer Heinfordt, Michael Wien, Joh. Jurg
Wien, William Griffin.
ScHELLER, Job. Daniel,
BiCHLERiN, Hanna; m. September 23.
Witness, Job. Wilhelm, Johannes Kred, Jacob Sheibe.
Spiegel, Remigius,
Schäferin, Maria Elisabeth; m. September 1 in the Baker Gar-
ter's house.
Schiffer, Johann Christoph,
Wernerin, Maria Esther Eva; m. October 6.
Uhl, Christian Rheinhard,
Ritschauere, Christina Cathrina; m. August 20.
Witness, Joachim Henke, Christian von Erdten.
Bauer, Johan Jurg,
WiTMANiN, Maria Elisabetha; m. August 25 in the parochial resi-
dence.
Haas, Otto,
Schmidtin, Juditha; m. August 9 in the parochial residence.
Maak, Jacob,
Engelhard, Hannah; m. October 16 by a license from governor
same date.
Rues, Hans Michael, widower.
Schmidtin, Elisabeth Wühelmina; m. October 17.
Witness, Niclas Ernst, Johan Jurg Schneider.
Ungerer, Christian, widower,
Skalch, Maria (widow) ; m. October 22.
Witness, Johannes Mühe, Jacob Häuser.
Grissy, John,
Barnes, Margreth; m. October 24.
Witness, Manuel Rodrix, Antoni Martins, by license.
SiFFERT, Adam,
Schwartzwaelder, Anna Maria; m. October 28.
Witness, Keimle, Conrad Schotterbeck, Jacob Seller,
Christian Darnecke.
30 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Sparling, John,
Broocks, Anna; m, November 2.
Witness, James Robberts, Thomas Brick, Elisabeth
Brick.
Haase, Mathias,
JÄCKLERIN, Margretha; m. November 20.
Witiiess, Jiirg Stöss, Matthias Sommer, Johannes Stöss.
Elton, Antony,
Mauserin, Maria; m, November 20.
Witness, Jacob Stätter, Samuel Downy.
Laib, Hans Georg, a native of Bahlinger Amtes,
Dinglerin, Anna Barbara, from the Rosenfelder Amt. ; m.
November 21.
Witness, Martin Koch, Joh. Conrad Slotterbeck, Joh.
Carl Pintzel, Johannes Bender, Andreas Bertsch.
TiDMAR, John,
HiGiN, Cathrina; m. November 0 by a license.
Witness, Philip High, Friedrich Beker, Adam Schutte-
helm.
Müller, Peter, junior (Germantown),
Richardson, Elisabeth (Bristol Twp.) ; m. November 28.
Witness, Theobald Ende.
Ruht, Conrad,
Hentzin, Elisabeth; m. December 4.
Witness, Andreas Walker, Mathias Valentin, Cathrina
Valentin, Dorothea Pottin.
Opp, Valentin,
Grosardtin, Cathrina; m. December 4.
Witness, Conrad Jung, Conrad Wetter, Philip Opp.
ScHANTz, Johan Carl,
Lintzin, Margretha; m. December G.
Witness, Christoph Weber, Michael Lintz, Maria
Barbara Copin.
Steinfurt, Balzar,
Wahlheimin, Anna Elisabeth; m. December 12.
Records of Marriages. 31
Witness, Joh. Georg Bauer, Job. Georg Winn, Christina
Diel, Joh. Jurg, Bichner.
Fadel, Johann Jürg,
Bkcherin, Christina; m. December 19; not married by me [Rev.
Muhlenberg] but by Rev. Rubel.
SCHWARTZLÄNDER,
Trostin, Maria Agnesa; m. December 20.
Witness, Joh. Tobias Zimmerman.
Meyer, Ulrich,
Brandstedter, Eva Barbara; m. December 20.
Witness, Job. Tobias Zimmermann, Johannes Meyer.
Anno 1753.
Sauerman, Philip Anton,
KnÖblerin, Maria; m. January 1.
Witness, Johannis Oswald, Friedrich Ludwig Setzer,
Sophia Lehrin.
KuNTz, Michael and .
Fuchs, Johann Friedrich,
Backere, Margretha Salome; m. January 7.
Witness, Johannes Oswald, Jacob Rau, Jacob Huht.
LoESH, Johann Georg,
WiTMANNiN, Dorothea; m. January 14.
Witness, David Schäfer, Jacob Bertsch.
Wallheimer, Philip,
MÜLLERIN, Margretha; m. January 16.
Witness, Ernst Müller, Christina Margretha Rinauin,
Elisabeth Ley der, Anna Elisabeth Wallheim.
WiDDOS, Jacob,
Warner, Jane; m. January 24.
Witness, James Scheret, John Belker, Elisabeth
Breach, James Roberts.
MÜHLHOF, Johan Peter,
HoHLiGiN, Anna Christina; m. January 25.
Witness, Jacob Behner, Jacob Behner, junior, Simon
Hermann, Ulrich Drift, Andreas Hohlig.
32 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Schrank, Hans Jurg,
ScHUMACHERE, Eva Cathrina (Reformed) ; m. January 30.
Witness, Peter Heyde, Conrad Kinkel, Rosina
Armännin.
Fuller, John,
WoLMARiN, Anna Cathar. ; m. February 3.
Witness, Michael Egolf, Daniel Meyning, Heinrich
Ruch.
Ulmer, Johannes,
Graemerin, Anna Elisab. ; m. February 5.
Witness, Joh. Leonh. Röslein, Joh. Adam Stock.
Frick, Michael,
WoLGWEiTERE, Barbara; m. Feburary 6.
Witness, Jo. Adam Fuchs, Hans Martin Fischer, Joh.
Andrew Meyer, Samuel Bernhardt.
Lauffer, Michael,
Leitzin, Anna Maria; m. February 13.
Witness, Joh. Ulrich Drefts, Jurg Schaff, Joh. Jacob
Bender.
Call, Ebenezer,
Barber, Sara; m. February 19.
Witness, Wilhelm Forth, Elisabet Moss, John Wood.
KiES, Joh. Fried,
LoLLiN, Anna Cath; m. February 20.
Witness, Joh. Martin Holder, Michael Frick, Hans
Jiirg Horn.
Strobel, Joh. Wilh.,
Bins, Barbara, Jos. Bins' late wife; m. February 6.
Witness, Joh. Adam Fuchs, Joh. Leonhardt Roslein,
Jeorg Meder.
Weber, Jo. Mich.,
, Anna Elisabeth; m. February 6.
Witness, Peter Poot, Ludwig Kerl, Philip Ruffert, Abra-
ham Reinhardt.
Records of Marriages. 33
Walker, Nicolaus,
Bergmannin, Anna Elisab.; m. March 24, Andreas Shependahl,
Jacob Mann.
Katz, Jacob,
Meyerin, Henrica; m. April 3 by license d. April 2.
Witness, Henrich Clemer, Jacob Zinn, Jurg Adam
Scheibele, Jacob Scheibele,
KiENLEiN, Johannes,
ScHNEPHiN, Susannah Dorothea; m. April 10.
Witness, Johan Leonhard Röslain, Johan Adam Stok,
Johan Martin Schneph.
Lapp, Michael,
BiTZERiN, Anna Maria; m. April 23.
Witness, Baltzer Staus, Henrich Clemer, Ambrosius
Habermann, Hans Martin Wolfarth.
Sesler, Hans Caspar,
Schneidere, Eva; m. April 23.
Witness, Martin Häuser, Ludwig Fritze.
HoFsÄs, Johannes,
Benderin, Eva; m. April 23.
Witness, Jacob Buhe, Jacob Gräner, Hans Jürg Hofsäs.
Haegermann, Johann Christoph,
CoPERiN, Anna Elisabeth (Reformed) ; m. April 12 in Conrad
Jung's house.
Fiddler, Johann Jürg,
JopiN, Cathrina; m. May 3.
Witness, Johannes Prince, Matthias Schrott, Job.
Christoph Haegerman, Jacob Dredrich, Caspar Weitman.
Gilger, Jacob,
Wolfin, Margretha; m. May 14.
Witness, Andreas Thieferdahl, Abraham Reinhardt,
Ludwig Koehler, Philip Poot.
BarteLj Jurg Ludwig,
Rubin, Christina; m. May 15.
Witness, Andreas Thiefendahl, Peter Poot, Ludwig
Koehl, Jacob Bortel (widower).
34 The Pennsylvania- Ger man Society.
BuDA, Heinrich,
Matzingerin, Elisabeth;
Spring, Martin,
Seipoldin, Eva Maria; m. July 25.
Witness, Martin Rau.
Noll, Joh. Martin,
MiNERiN, Cathrina; m. May 22 in Conrad Jung's house. Stel-
wagen and Becker.
Laubacher, Johann Christoph,
Bekerin, Elisabeth Margretha; m. July 11.
Witness, the Vorsether Joachim Henke, Jacob Rau,
Michael Kuhns.
Perry, Charles,
Don, Mary; m. June 19 by Rev. M. Zubly.
Witness, Thomas Jones, John Hood, Elisabeth Dorthin.
Hymes, Andreas,
Andrea, Elisabeth; m. July 3.
Witness, Paulus Kober, Jacob Karst, Isaak Hand.
Eberhard, Jacob,
Bastin, Anna Maria, servants in Darby Township by permission
of both Masters Tobias Morton, William Parker; m. July
22 in Parochial house.
Witness, Cunigunda Wolfartin.
Weil, Johannes, widower, from Veyhingen, on the inz [Entz],
Krusemannin, Anna Cathrina, widow; m. July 26.
Witness, Johannes Gäsner, Johann Heinrich von
Staden, Mathias Schmidt, Adam Solt, Jacob Unger.
Kerner, Johann Christian, from Darmstadt,
Seegern, Rosina Barbara, from Böblingen, both single persons;
m. September 5 by Rev. Heinzelmann after three times
proclamation.
Special Witness, Michael Wolf and wife, Maria.
Rahn, Christopher (Providence),
Setzlerin, Cathrina; m. August 2 by license from Governor.
Witness, Wilhelm Lohr, Caspar Rahn, Hannah Setz-
lerin.
Records of Marriages. 35
Nauss^ Joh. Jacob,
Armannin, Rosina; m. August 0.
Witness, Hans Jurg Schranck, Tobias Bube, Michael
Kegere, Albrecht Walter, Friedrich Müller, Joh. Burc-
hardt Sinzer.
Ludwig, Johann Jürg,
MissHATTiN, Anna Maria Elisabeth; m. September 4.
Witness, Johan Burcliard (Cliirurg), Johan Jiirg Dush
and wife, Anna Cathrina.
DiEDENiH, Johann Michael,
ScHAEFERiN, Magdalena; m. September 11.
Witness, Jacob Bender, Joh. Heinrich Clemere, Adam
Fuchs, Jacob Scheibele, Johann Melchoir.
Ottmann, Antony,
Kauerin, Regina; m. September 28.
Witness, Peter Deesli.
Jaeger, Joh. and .
HucKENs, Samuel,
Walters, Dorothea; m. October 1.
Witness, Thomas Ellurens, Jacob Boskerck.
Reck, Christoph,
Fegin, Anna Christina; m. October 2.
Witness, Conrad Riess, Maria Dorothea Schuchin.
Hermann, Wilhelm,
Von Erden, Susanna Margretha; m. October 14.
Witness, Christian Von Erden, the Reformed school-
master.
Stehle, Joh. Frid.,
Schale, Barbara; m. October 15.
Witness, Hans Jurg Schale, Hans Jacob Schale, Lud-
wig Conrad Schneider, Martin Schale.
DuRR, Joh. Heinrich,
Müller, Margretlira; m. October 30.
Witness, Jurg Hof mann, Adam Foot, Christoph Kahle.
36 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Schwann, Hermann,
L0MÜLLERIN, Elisabeth; m. November 4.
Witness, Job. Daniel Lembacher, Johannes Grapp,
Daniel Böckle, Hans Jurg Wilcke.
Mutter, Johann Justus (widower).
Bingenin, Cathrina Heydewich; m. December 9.
Witness, Johan Christian Zeiser, Johann Daniel Hohen-
schild, Hennig Niemeyer.
Thomas, Joh. Philip,
Netelin, Veronica; m. December 18.
Witness, Johannes Nestel, Heinrich Albrecht, Martin
Noll, Jacob Klug.
Schaber, Michael,
Kyriegin, Anna; m. December 27.
Witness, Tobias Buhe, Jacob Bernhard Schwabe.
Traufelder, Jacob,
Keyserin, Cathrina; m. December 29.
Witness, Joh. Niel, Rhein, Joh. Henrich Clemen, Joh.
Nicl. Brosius, Joh. Henr. Luder, Rufinus Scherer.
BiNTZER, Johan Christoph, widower,
Baumannin, Anna Maria, widow; m. December 31.
Witness, Rheinhard Christian, Michael Kegereis, Jacob
Huht, Michael Hermann, Jacob Bauer.
Anno 1754.
Jaeger, Johann Caspar,
Cressin, Maria Johanna; m. January 1.
Witness, Johannes Jaeger, Adam Schittehelm, Johann
Henrich Roess, Johan Jacob Weisberger.
Steinmetz, Johannes,
Lieben, Anna Maria; m. January 8.
Witness, Caspar Bindshedeler, Johan Henrich Stein-
metz, Joh. Melchoir Derich, Caspar Steinmetz.
Gebhard, Johan Michael,
Habermehlin, Cathrina; m. January 13.
Records of Marriages. 37
Witness, Ambrosius Habermehl, Carl Ludw. Meklen-
burg, Johann Henrich Leppin, Conrad Gebhardt, Johann
Paul Heseder.
Hastings, John,
Stakhouse, Grace, of Middletown, Bucks County; m. January
1-i in my house.
Witness, John Griibel.
Steuber, Philip,
Hallebrandin, Margretha; m. January 15,
Witness, Jacob Behner, Johannes Sähler, Friedrich
Rudian, Michael Steuber, Daniel Steuber.
OxENREUTER, Johan Jacob,
H0FSAESSIN, Maria Barbara; m. January 20.
Witness, Albrecht Müller, INIatthias Keiler, Christian
Cuvoss, Johannes Krupp.
Binder, Johannes,
Benderin, Elisabeth; m. January 22.
Witness, Martin Koch, Jacob Binder, Conrad Schlotter-
beck, Hans. Jiirg Graff, Joseph Albers, Joh. Jacob Ben-
der and others.
Sergeant, Robert,
Williamson, Mary; m. January 29.
Witness, Henry Lehol by license from the Governor.
PuNDTER, Andreas,
Wirtin, Maria; m. January 29.
Witness, Ga. Thomas, Simon Beck, Joh. Conrad
Schmidt.
Schmidt, Michael,
Burke, Mary; m. February 5 by license of the Governor.
Witness, Ludwig Fritz, Michael Laufer.
ScHLiTMAR, Thomas,
Reinhardt, Barbara; m. February 6.
Witness, Philip Reinhardt, John Wasser, Christian
Reinhardt.
38 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Spencer, Robert,
Royal, Mary; m. February 20.
Witness, Robert Labrun, Matthias Clein.
Foster, William,
Barben, Margareta; m. February 21.
Witness, Andrew ISIcdeenie, William Macally.
Robinson, Michael,
Cammel, Jenny; m. March 3.
Witness, Morris Hunt, William Foster.
Beyer, Johann Christoph,
KÖHLERIN, Anna Appalonia ; m. March 5 in presence of a numer-
ous assemblage in the residence of Jonas Köhler.
Gabriel, Antony (Catholic),
Schneide, Anna Maria (Lutheran); m. March 5.
Witness, Johan Betty Niclaus Scantj^, Christoph Cur-
fass.
Scheppard, George,
Ekin, Mary; m. March 12 before a goodly company.
Kerner, Johan Michael,
Herrm annin, Anna Maria; m. March 24.
Witness, Hans ^Michael Rau, Bernhard Band, Joseph
Thomi, Peter Wilhelm.
BÖTT1NGER, Johannes,
Schmiede, Rosina; m. March 25.
Witness, Peter Obersteg, Margretha Oberstegin.
Lentz, Michael,
WisTENLOvEN, Christina Sophia; m. March 27.
Witness, Carl Johns, Jacob Klein.
Backer, John,
Couch, Elisabeth; in. March 30 by license.
Heine, Jacob,
Hausin, Anna; m. April 15.
Witness, Conrad Hartmann.
Jacob, Johannes,
Hahnin, Anna Cathrina, widow (sic), m. April 21.
Records of Marriages. 39
Witness, Blasius Beck, Johann Peter Hahn, Johannes
Spet, Joh. Jacob Oberlant.
FÜGNER, Andreas,
EvLERT, Sophia Agata; m. April 22 (for Mr. Parlin).
Witness, Adam Merkel, Christian Libnan, Dorothea
Merkelin, Dorothea Lubenan.
Rick, Johann Heinrich,
MoHGiN, Susanna Maria, widow; m. April 23.
Witness, Philip Haller, Johann Melchior, Heinrich
Rick, John Hofmann.
Stemler, Michael,
Faemele, Philippina; m. May 3.
Witness, Valent. Schmidt, Jacob Urger, Christ. Urger,
Jacob Ruch, iNIuh. Weber, Joh. Nie. Weber, Jacob Kraft.
Laborn, Robert,
Kox, Elisab. ; m. May 5.
Witness, David Robinson.
Cappel, Johannes,
Walterin, Susanna; m. May 19.
Witness, Margretha Morral, Cunigunda Walfartin.
Turner, Samuel,
MooR, Maria; m. May 19.
Witness, Thomas Moor, William Little, Kelab Hall,
Henry Grace.
Schnell, Johannes,
BiCHLERiN, Margretha; m. May 20.
Witness, Johann Ulrich Drifts, Mathias Geved,
Johannes Beltz, Georg Bichler, Jacob Stukey, Jacob
Kreiner.
Beck, Johann Georg,
Grantin, Ursula Cathar. ; m. May 20.
Witness, Christoph Curväss, Johann Ulrich Drifts.
Casein, John,
Rambo, Nanny; m. May 27.
Witness, Benjamin Potts.
40 The Pennsylvania- G er 7nan Society.
Nanosten, Jacobus, ,
Jones, Raichel; m. June 2.
Witness, William Sutor, William Foster.
Nepton, William,
Davis, Rebecca; m. June 2.
Witness, John Becker, Abraham Carpenter.
ScHMiTH, Peter,
Reidehausen, Margretha; m. June 3 by license.
Witness, George Adam, Balthasar Traut, Heinrich
Reidhausen, William von Acker.
Ehrenzeller, Jacob,
Henckin, Anna; m. June 5.
Witness, Joachim Hencke, Johann Andreas Rode.
Behner, Joh. Jac,
Blomin, Anna Marg. ; m. June G.
Witness, Jacob Behner, Franck Lichty, Gottlieb Zinck,
Peter Diem, Joh. Georg Schmidt.
Deis, Michael,
Oppin, Anna Sophia; m. July 9.
Witness, Schweitzer.
Browne (Bowne), Joseph,
WivEL, Mary; m. July 13.
Witness, William Davis, Evan Davis, Jacob Dubery.
Keiser, Johan Leonhard,
Ammonin, Anna Cathrina; m. July 14.
Wit7iess, Philip Rheinhard, Agnes Niel, Maria Rhein-
hardin, Esther Amonin.
KuLY, Richard,
Bar, Margreth; m. July 17.
Witness, Jacob Smith, John Harber, Mary Schmith.
Sauer, Johan Diedrich,
Blomin, Hedewich; m. July 18 in the residence of Mr. Kaufman
(Catholic).
Harvey, Robert,
Van Osten, Ursulah; m. July 25.
Becords of Marriages, 41
Witness, Jacobus von Osten, William Naplon, Thomas
Diirmer.
ZiNCK, Joh. Dan.,
Hermannin, Agnesa; m. August 13.
Witness, Johann Thomas, George Heidelberg.
GÜRTLER, Joh. Georg,
Schönmann-Grubertin, Chirstina Maria; m. August 13.
HoF, Jurg Conrad,
Werlin, Sibilla; m. September 24.
Witness, Jurg Adam Gab, Hannes Kuhn.
Dillinger, Joh. Fried.,
Wilkin, Maria Cathar. ; m. September 20.
Witness, Lorentz Bast, Heinrich Boeckle.
Standings, James,
Jamisin, Elisabeth; m. October 1.
Witness, George Fottel, John Ossim.
Schenckel, Friedrich,
Hailin, Susanna ; m. October 3, by license.
Witness, Thomas Hail, Klamper, Wein-
ich. Fried. Becker.
H ANN IS, Andrew,
KoEHLERE, Elisabetha; m. October 5 by license.
Witness, Christoph Beyer, Peter Albrecht.
Gerhardt, Johann Conradt,
Heinrichs, Barbara; m. October 7.
Witness, Joh. Melchior Gebhardt, Joh. Dan. Schar-
mann, Carl Ludw. Mecklenburg, Rudolf Schäfer and
others.
Weith, Joh. Michael,
HiLLMEYERiN, Anna Maria; m. October 21.
Witness, Micliael Selig, Michael Beyer.
Andreas, Abraham,
BiTZERiN, Agnesa ; m. October 22 by license.
Witness, Jacob Erie.
Erbe, Johan Adam,
RuDisiTiN, Maria Eva; m. October 29.
42 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Auch, Jacob,
WoLFiN, Anna Barbara; m. November 5.
Witness, Michael Wolf, Agatha his wife, a born Gürt-
lere.
Brodbeek, Joh. Georg,
Seitzin, Cathrina; m. November 10.
Witness, Jacob Gaef, Jacob Christer, Johann GraefF.
RiELE, Sigmund,
Ekin, Margretha (Reformed); m. November 11.
Witness, Wendel Beker, Joh. Fried. Heilbron, Gabriel
Spanagele, Johan ]\Iich. Weber, Antony Eyky.
Haelie, Hans Georg,
BocKiN, Christina; m. November 19.
Wit7iess, Old Klemm, Christian Danneker, Martin Koch.
HiTTLER, Georg Adam,
HuBERiN, Magdalena; m. November 24.
Witness, Matthias Klein, Henry Schleydorn.
Macwire [Maguire],
Förster, Anna; m. November 24.
Witness, Samuel Fischer, Henry Schleydorn.
Rehm, Johann Michael,
Freyin, Elisabeth; m. November 20.
Witness, Philipp Steuber, Johann Martin Curves.
Klein, Jacob,
KÄLBERIN, Margretha; m. December 10.
Witness, Michael Lintz, Rev. Peter Brunnholtz.
Sekel, Johann Michaele,
MÜNTZHAUSIN, Cathrina Dorothea; m. December 26.
Witness, Peter Brunnholtz, Jürg David Sekel, Matthias
Clein.
Spencer, Wilhelm, from Cheltenham near Germantown,
Slinglafin, Anna Eva; m. December 15.
Engelfried, Wilhelm,
Schoverin, Cathrina Barbara; m. December 30.
Witness, Wilhelm Karst, Johannes Naegele and the
three Vorsteher.
Records of Marriages. 43
Anno 1755.
Lynny, Joseph,
Heisin, Anna Maria Cathrina Barbara; m. January 1.
Witness, the Vorsteher, Johann Adam Heis.
Schneider, Jacob,
DoRNiN, Christina ; m. January G.
Witness, Johannes Wedel, Johan Ludw, Weltsh.
Cress, Henrich,
Walterin, Eva; m. January 14 by license.
Witness, Jacob Walter, Maria Cathrina, his wife, Georg
Hüttner, Maria Baselerin.
Lebering [Levering], Gerhard,
LiNTziN, Sibilla; m. January 23.
Witness, Joseph Kaufmans, Jiirg Jacobi.
Wagner, Peter,
Moore, Deborah; m. February 1.
Witness, Niclaus Lochman, Mathew Macwary, David
Wagner, Rahel Tatty, Anna Eva Lochmann.
Heseder, Johann Paul,
Lantzin, Anna Maria; m. February 2.
Witness, Balthes Fleischer, Ludwig Meklenburg, Johan
Melchior Gebhard, Johann Conrad Gebhard, Johannes
Lensefelder, Joseph Friedenet and four Vorsteher.
Right, Thomas,
Stanley, Mary; m. January 26.
Witness, George Bridges, Mary Seelton, Rebecca Cuf-
fard and four Vorsteher.
Milton, James,
Wells, Mary; m. February 2.
Witness, Wilhelm Sutor, Samuel Harrant, John Talbot.
Falk, William,
Theas, Anna; m. February 9.
Witness, Philip Liebner and [Rev.] J. Peter Brunn-
holtz.
Swartz, Martin, widower, he lives three miles beyond Darby,
LiNDiN, Agatha.
44 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Fischer^ Hans Martin,
BiTscHY, Anna Maria; m. February 12.
Witness, Otto Haas, Jacob Reiser, Maria Reisere.
Weil, Johannes,
FrÜhmannin, Margretha; m. February 14.
Witness, Johannes Bittinger, Anna Margretha Ober-
steinin.
JuRG, Johan,
Schmidtin, Cathrina; m. February 23.
Witness, Johan Peter Fort, Barbara Rohtin and the
Vorsteher.
GoTSHALK, Philip Jacob,
Maurerin, Rosina; m. February 20 in the father-in-law's house.
Raetzer, Johan Georg,
ToppERWiENEN, Sophia; m. February 18 in George Eppele's
house.
BicHELMEYER, August Friedrich,
RoHSTEiNiN, Sabina Friderica; m. February 13 in the house
where they lived.
BoEHM, Andreas,
RÜBE, Elisabeth; m. February 25.
Witness, Jonas Andreson, John Mohg (Swedes),
Veronica Schneidere, Cathrina Graefin.
DiEDRicH, Jacob,
Sternbekin, Dorothea Johanna Margr. ; m. February 27.
Witness, David Schaefer and wife, Johannes Kaufman.
Heilbrunner, Johan Friedrich,
VoGTiN, Rosina; m. March 2.
Witness, Wilhelm Karst, Adam Fuchs (father), Jurg
Fried Heilbroner, Johan Thomas Bach, Gabriel Spanagel.
Wedel, Johann Daniel,
WiTMANNiN, Anna Maria; m. March 19.
Witness, Christoph Hänzem, in Precht's house.
Breitenfeldt, Johan Benedictus (widower),
SwENGiN, Anna Elisabeth; m. March IG.
Records of Marriages. 45
Witness, Friedrich Heinrich Stern, Andreas Weil (Re-
formed), Johannes Rupp, Gertraud Weilin.
Traut, Baltzer,
RiTTENHAUSiN, Barbara; m. March 31.
Witness, Niclas Rittenhaus, Hinrich Rittenhaus, Wil-
helm Rittenhaus, Jurg Hauseier, Georg Traut, Jeremias
Traut, Peter Schmidt, Christophel Pust.
Andreasen, Jacob,
SoMMERLOTTiN, Cathrina ; m. March 31,
Witness, Christoph Bek, Philip Sommerlott.
RoHN, Hinrich,
Ritterin, Helena Christina; ra. April 7.
Witness, Johan Jurg Swartz, Johannes Heyde, Conrad
Schlemer, Cathrina Grafin, Anna Maria Walterin.
Herrman, Johannes,
Greinigerin, Maria Appolonica; m. April 8.
Witness, Andreas Bossart, Jacob Fuchs, Leonhard
Schippard, Dielmann Smoll.
Schiel, Martin Mathias,
Rauin, Anna Cathrina; m. April 13 in Fadel's house.
RiK, Christian,
RiKEN, Margr. ; m. April 1 3 in Wilhelm Karst's residence.
Werner, Frantz,
Nicolasin, Cathrina; m. April 15.
Witness, Andreas Nauman in Gloucester township,
Hilgert, Johan Heinrich,
Kellnerin, Cathrina; m. January 26.
Witness, Johannes Frank.
WiLDBERGER, Pctcr,
Memmingerin, Anna Cathrina; m. April 20.
Witness, Johannes Kampfer, Johan Jurg Fadel, Johan
Jurg Lustrus, Joh. Nicol. Raufeid, Johan Hinrich Wolf.
GrÜnblat, Martin,
Kippin, Anna Maria; m. April 21.
Witness, Hans Jurg Arnold, Michael Kipp, Agnes
Kippin.
46 The Pennsylvania- Ger7nan Society.
Weismann, Johannes,
Rothin, Margretha Barbara; m. April 24 in the bridegroom's
residence.
Schmidt, Johann Philipp,
Zehin, Anna Elisabeth; m. April 24.
Witness, Jacob Nick, Adam Kern.
Reisner, Johan Caspar,
Steinmannin, Anna Cathrina, widow (Reformed) ; m. April 30.
Witness, Ludwig Kohl, Salomo Von der Weide, Rosina
Eylese.
RiESER, Jürg Adam,
Butlinger, Margretha; m. May G.
Witness, David Dewnlow, Johan Jurg Huber, Martin
Schabt, Margreth Barb. Burchardin, Margretha Kehrerin,
Anna Maria Reigin.
Stahl, Michael,
Hoffmannin, Maria; m. May 8.
Witness, Cathrina Kuhin, Cathrina Rheinholdin.
Walter, Johannes,
Martin, Anna Maria; m. April 20.
Witness, Georg Eppele, Peter Steuerwald.
Kippe, Michael,
Heiser, Elisabeth (Reformed); m. May 12.
Witness, Georg Arnold, Matthias Heintzelmann.
Schrank, Job. Beruh.,
Schlosser, Maria Cathar. ; m. May 13.
Witness, Georg Schlosser, Hans Jurg Schrank, Daniel
Boeckle.
Weber, Niclaus,
Eaton, Susannah; m. May 28.
Witness, David Reynolds, Wigard Muller, Jacob Weber,
Rachel Brichard.
Tannenberger, Johannes,
Buchin, Maria Barbara; m. June 9.
Witness, Johan Theodorus Martini.
Records of Marriages. 47
Star, Philipp,
CoHL, Sarah; m. June 19.
Witness, Martin Rau, Martin Scheele, Enoch Arbeson,
James Ryder.
HoLTON, William,
Tell, Elisabeth; m. June 29.
Witness, William Terry, Mary Seisom, Elisabeth Powel,
Mary Powel, Hannah Shaw, Brisitta Seisom.
Tacy, Johan,
KuRFÄssiN, Christina; m. July 9.
Witness, Martin Mull, Martin Kurfäss, Cathrina Pottin.
Steinmetz, Johan Heinrich,
VoGTiN, Barbara; m. July 20.
Witness, the Vorsteher, John Steinmetz, Jacob Stein-
metz, Mrg. Schaaf, Maria Marg. Straubin.
ScHAZMANN, Johan Daniel (Deutsch),
Landin, Elenora (English) ; m. Aug. 4.
Witness, Conrad Schafenet, Joh. Melch. Gebhard, Lud-
wig Meklenburg, Vorsteher.
LoHREY, Johannes,
Meyerin, Anna Appolonia (Reformed) ; m. August 12.
Witness, Moritz Gebel, Johan Caspar Lohrey, John
Peter Dehs.
Pheifer, Hans Jacob,
Hauberin, Barbara; m. August 14.
Witness, Michael Kappel, Michael Herrman, Johann
Jürg Schütz,
Claudius, John Valentine,
Heinigen, Sophia; m. August 18 by license.
Witness, Abraham Coat, Isaac Mason.
Schärer, Leonhard,
Bekerin, Anna; m. August 24.
Witness, Andreas Bossard, Johannes Hauk, Jacob
Scheibele.
Jacob, Niclaus,
Braunin, Anna Margretha; m. August 26.
48 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Witness, Jiirg Jacob, William Grichton, Job. Michael
Fucbs, Anna Maria Clampertin.
Schall^ Martin,
SwARTziN, Elisabeth; m. August 26.
Witness, Hans Jurg Schall, Antony Harpe, Martin
Koch, Friedrich Werner.
KuBELER, Johann Adam,
Bendere, Juliana Cathrina; m. August 28.
Witness, Michael Leh, and w. Maria Agnesa, Margretha
Martin, Maria Bendere.
Trostel, Abraham (widower),
Leiblerin, Maria Magdalena; m. August 31.
Witness, Ernst Christoph Engelberth, Antony Gabriel,
Christian Reinhard, Henrich Leible.
Dietz, Georg Friedrich, single, from Maulbronner Amt.,
Mautin, Anna Magdalena; m. June 24 in Weisman's house.
Hess, James,
Fling, Jane; m. June 15.
Witness, Jacobus Vanosten, Isaac Johns.
BiEK, Christian,
Blackerin, Christina; m. January 15.
Witness, Wilhelm Karst, Jacob Reicher, Joh. Lor. Wil-
helm.
Lehr, George Michael, and .
Wolf, Jacob, widower,
WÖLFIN, Maria Catharina; m. September 28.
Witness, David Wolfe, Conrad Untz, Sabina Engel-
hardin.
Walter, Jacob,
Albere, Cathrina; m. September 28.
Witness, Joseph Albere, Conrad Weis, Matthias Haas,
Hans Jurg Schneider.
Read, David,
SwABiN, Christina; m. October 5 in my Bruntzholtz house.
Records of Marriages 49
Horn, Friedrich,
DuTiN, Anna Maria; m. October 14.
Witness, Hans Jurg Horn, Joh. Hin. Krauss.
Eberhard, Georg,
GÖTZIN, Barbara; m. October 14.
Witness, Joh. Adam Fuchs, Ulrich Drift, Johann Fried.
Bender, William Barach, Georg H. Mader, Michael Ritz.
ScHiMPH, Johannes,
Weikertin, Elisabeth; m. October 16.
Witness, Caspar Weikert, Michael Herp, Friedrich
Volk, Joh. Jacob Halter, Philip Schimph.
Oldfield, William,
Carleton, Jane; m. October 28.
Witness, Jonathan Olefield, James Falkner, Mary
Carleton, John Oldfield, Hannah Caster, Jonathan Old-
field.
WiLKiNS, James,
Cunerad, Cathrina; m. November 2.
Witness, Christian Junelay, Wilhelm Bacus, Michael
Kunrad, Jacob Kunrad, Peter Kunrad, Regula Cunradin,
Maria Barbara Baccusin.
Heiges, Johann Peter,
Sturmin, Juliana; m. November 2.
Witness, Jacob Graef, Conrad Abel, Joh. Adam Maurer,
Henrich Mak, Hans Jurg Stähy, Johannes Peltz, Jurg
Jacob Jimg.
Hartz, Johan Adam, born in the Palatinate, now of Pikes Town-
ship, Chester Co.,
Thomas, Anna, dr, of David Thomas, of Chester Co. ; m. Novem-
ber 10.
Witness, Georg Fiedler, Philip Andrae.
Bock, Edward, of Upper Dublin Township,
Makway, Mary, of this same place; m. November 12.
Witness, Stephens Botts, Jeremia Mackway, Mary
Mullen.
50 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Stark, Dewald, of Chester Co.,
Hegerin, Rosina Barbara; m. November 16.
Witness, Peter Draess, Conrad Ries, Jacob Kitz.
Lerch, Ludwig Christoph,
Jaegerin, Anna Marg. ; m. November 1 6.
Witness, Ernst Heiser and the Vorsteher.
Stein, Johann Jurg,
Pantleonin, Regina; m. November 25.
Witness, Peter Lamperti, Johann Dich, Jürg Hofmann,
and David Sekel's Spouse.
Jung, Christopher,
Kautzin, Maria Elisab., widow (Reformed) ; m. November 27.
Witness, Henrich Jung, Moses Kök, Jacob Jung, Jurg
Jacob Jung, Jacob Werking, Philip Jung, Georg Dornet.
Etter, Philip,
Friedlerin, Cathrina; m. Novebmer 27.
Witness, Adam Probst and w., Leonhard Rittinger.
Jankinson, Ephriam,
Delahanty, Mary; m. December 3 by a license bearing date 2d.
Witness, myself and Wilhelm Karst, Kunigunda Wolf-
ardtin.
Zeise, Johan Christian, widower, from Sachsen-Mausfeldischen
Orten,
Köhlerin, Maria Elisab., from the Wetteraw ; m. December 7.
Witness, Christoph Hansmann and Peter Brunnholtz.
Teubel, Johann Jacob, from Marlborough twp.,
GrÜnblatin, Hannah; m. December 7.
Witness, Christoph Hänsman, Andreas Bittinger, Lud-
wig Fritzen's wife, Joh. Dillinger's wife, Maria Esther
Schaeferin.
Battenwein, Virman (French Catholic),
Beh, Elisabeth; m. December 9.
Witness, Valentin Schmidt, William Gesed, Michael
Egolf, Jacob Unger, Math. Gray, Joseph Debuais, Joseph
Cunnard, Michael Censer.
Records of Marriages. 51
DoLLMAN, Johan Paulus (Lutheran), at Samuel Kuhl's, four
years in land,
RiEViN, Sibella Cathrina, one year in this land; m. December 14.
Witness, Jurg Friedrich Stuber, Philip Jacob Gotschalk
and his wife.
Haller, Thurs,
MiTziN, Anna Sophia, from New Springfield, Jersey; m. Decem-
ber 22.
Witness, Heinrich Brunner, Johann Andreas Messer-
schmidt (Lutheran), Jacob Handschuh, Cath. Messer-
schmidtin, Anna Maria Haller.
Messerschmidt, Joh. Andreas, from Wurtemberg,
Reigere, Cathrina, from Tubingen Amt. ; m. October 7.
Witness, Christian Bek, Otto Haas.
Schmidt, Lorentz,
Knorrin, Maria; m. December 23.
Witness, John Knorr, Jacob Knorr, Mathias Knorr,
David Whiteman, Cathrina Knurr.
Kanner, Richard, of the Northern Liberty,
Dent, Sarah; m. December 27.
Witness, John Reis, Jersom Ward, Mary Reis.
Von Boemen, Jacob Hermes,
BÖHMIN, Susannah; m. December 28.
Witness, Theodorus Carben and w., David Wolf and w.,
Joh. Adam Maurer.
Lyon, James, sea faring-man, born in Italy,
Keulerin, Maria Dorothea (German Lutheran) ; m. Decem-
ber 28.
Witness, Johannes Lensfelder, Joh. Christian Kerner,
Jacobina Jeysere.
Anno 1756.
Gilmann, Joh. Adolph, from Germantown,
Kreuterin, Anna Cathrina; m. January 1.
Witness, Martin Kreuter, Joh. Henrich Munche and
both their wives.
52 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Mink, Christian Ludwig,
Schäferin, Cathrina; m. January 1.
Witness, Johannes Albert and w.. Christian Rohrer and
w., Godhard Albert, Martin Reinhard.
Werking, Jacob,
Weismannin, Cathrina; m. January 1.
Witness, Jacob Schoemaker, Jacob Huht, Jacob Statler.
Mühlefeld, Gerhard (Reformed),
RoHTiN, Cathrina (Lutheran) ; m. January 1.
Witness, Hans Jurg Snek, Peter Lish (Reformed).
Meurer, Adam,
Heftenin, Cathrina (Catholic) ; m, January 4.
Witness, Michael Knoll, Martin Selnser, Paulus Kober.
Krauskopf, John Georg,
Walterin, Maria Christina (Reformed); m. January 4.
Witness, Seipert Gertsch, Lorentz Beker, Christian
Stimmern, Cathrina Bekerin.
Dauenhauer, Jurg Jacob,
Haukin, Maria; m. January G.
Witness, Johannes Krik, George Ritter, Killian Rab.,
Hans Nicl. Rab, Johannes Billinger.
Hafener, Hans Jurg,
Ehrhardtin, Christina; m. January 13.
Witness, Joh. Georg Honig, Hans Jurg Kubeler,
Antony Eky, Michael Rummel, Andreas Bertsch.
Densham, William (mulatto),
Waldsek, Mary (mulatto), both free; m. January 17.
Witness, Mary Penny, William Shayner and I.
Eddele, Christoph,
Canneway, Pritchard [Bridget].
Makway [MacVeigh], Matthew,
Craferd [Crawford], Jane; m. January 25.
Witness, Patrik Rion [Ryan], Charles Reignouf.
SwARTz, Joh. Peter,
Melberin, Sophia Margretha; m. February 3.
Records of Mai'riages. S3
Witness, Brian Wilckinson, Adam Probst j Jonas Metz-
gar. Thorns Leech.
Jung, John,
Ferry, Anna; m. Febuary 11.
Witness, Margretha Ungerin, William Jung, John Wil-
liams, John Merchand, Timothy Regen.
Seber, Hans Jürg,
ScHLEYCHiN, Anna Barbara; m. February 17.
Witness, Valentin Smith, Johannes Eigener, Joh.
Henr. Schnue, Joh. Gessner, Adam Knoblich, and others.
Rahkep, Adam, widower, from ^Matchka,
Nagelin, Anna, widow; m. February 19.
Witness, Ludwig Fritze, Anna Maria Cunigunda Wolf-
arton, Philip Daubermann.
Dauberman, Johan Philip,
GiLLiNGERiN, Anna Elisabeth; m. February 19.
Witness, Joh. Leonhard Ruttinger, Tenis Schreiner.
RisTER, Johan Jacob,
Grupp, Anna Elisabeth; m. February 22.
Witness, Peter Draess, Jacob Graef (junior) and I,
myself [Rev.] Peter Brunnholtz.
Meyer, Georg Gottlieb,
BiELiN, Susanna Margretha; m. February 24.
Witness, Michael Pheifer, Johan Peter Schütze,
Andreas Jotter, Philip Weinmer, John Gräbel.
Blentzwig, Georg Friedrich (Andr. Dotter's stepson),
DoBELiN, Rosina (serving with Scheibele) ; m. March 2.
Witness, Michael Pheifer, Christian Moser, Philip
Schauer, Godfried Diel, Johann Martin Apitsch, Peter
Schütz.
Henna, John (single),
Holland, Cathrina (also single) ; m. March 7.
Witness, Joseph McCallin, Cathrina Rodgers, Margreth
Holland, Cunigunda Wolfartin.
MiETH, Johann Heinrich,
LiNTiN, Eva Elisabeth; m. March 8.
54 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Witness, Johannes Bekel, Joh. Nicl. Weber^ Lorentz
Spatz, Jurg Koch, Leonhard Rost.
OxENREUTER, Johan Jacob,
LoHMELLERiN, Anna Maria; m. March 18.
Witness, Mathias Gähler, Peter Poot, Christopher
Cressel, Johann Martin Förster, Joh. Jurg Straub, Daniel
Lehnbacher.
Whartnaby, William (hlachschmidt) ,
Hellings, Sarah, both English and single; m. April 4.
Witness, Anna Maria Fienin, Cunigunda Wolfartin.
CoLLiDAY, Jacob,
Walterin, Jenn; m. April 8 by license bearing date April 7.
Witness, Blasius Dan. Makenet, William Lebering,
Wigard Müller, William Lebering, Peter Keyser.
BuNHARD, Johann Philip,
Stromannin, Anna Maria; m. April 10.
Witness, Adam Erben, Adam Käk, Andreas Krebs, Jurg
Strohauer,
RisH, Henrich,
Presserin, Charlotta; m. April 4 in Forsters' house.
Hinkel, Antony,
ZwEKERiN, Maria Magd. ; m. April 19.
Witness, Wendel Zweker, Jurg Huht, Johannes Hinkel,
Joh. Conrad, William Levering.
Maurer, Joh. Adam,
Hettlere, Anna Maria; m. April 19.
Witness, Henrich Schleydorn, Joh. Conrad Schlatterer,
Johannes Schenfele, Carl Ewald Vorsteher.
Fischer, Johann Ulrich,
Mautin, Regina; m. April 25.
Witness, Johannes Weisman, Michael Frik, Johann
Geog Fiddler, Friedrich Dietz, Friedrich Meyer, Balthes
Kinsinger.
Lampader, Johann,
Cressin, Catharina; m. April 27.
Records of Marriages. 55
Witness, Conrad Lampader, Martin Waltz, Josua Lam-
pader, Diedrich Lampader, Jacob Walter.
Maute, Johan David,
DiELiN, Elisabeth Cathrina; m. May G.
Witness, Peter Diel, Johannes Weismann, Michael Diel,
Michael Hahn, Johan Jurg Fidler, Georg Fried. Bayer.
NONNEMACHER, JaCob,
GrÜnigerin, Maria; m. May 11 by license.
Witness, Just Volmar, Henrich Nonnemacher (Rock-
hill township).
Schneider, Henry,
Neumann, Susanna; m. May 28 by license.
Witness, George Honich and Compagnie.
Frank, Hans Georg (widower).
Schlechte, Magdalena (single); m. May 18.
Witness, Martin Waltz, Peter Mühlhof, Michael Lebold,
Henrich Schmidt.
King, Daniel,
Richardson, Rebecca; m. May 22.
Witness, James Dunmere, John Higgins, Mary Richard-
sons.
Herrmann, Simon,
Arndtin, Maria Marg. ; m. May 31.
Witness, Hinrich Arndt, Georg Fried Beyer, Joh.
Michael Fuchs, Tillman Small, Joh. Heit, Philip Zap,
Joh. Herrmann, Himrich Fauntz.
Abele, Conrad,
Sturmin, Maria Marg.; m. June 1.
Witness, Jacob Graef, sen., Jacob Abele, Andrew
Brechel, Jacob Graef (jun.), Friedrich Marsteller.
Weber, Jacob, son of Christian Weber, of Schippach,
Neisin, Elisabeth, widow of same place; m. June 10.
Witness, Abraham Wentz, Nicolaus Weber, Jacob
Schneider, Johannes MuUer.
56 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Fleming, William,
PoLYYARD, Mary; m. June 18 by a license.
Witness, James Blak, Cathrina Schleydhorn (German).
Heyde, Philipp,
Nagtigalin, Elisabeth; m. June 20.
Witness, Adam Fuchs, Jacob Scheibelin, Joh. Nicol.
Weber, Mathias Lepold, Joh. Wilh. Müller, Johannes
Schoei.
Nik, Wilhelm,
Mastin, Eva. Barb.; m. July 11.
Witness, Jerem. Schonbach, Christian Schneider, Jacob
Nik.
MuLLER, Hans Jurg,
ScHULZiN, Anna Dorothea; m. July 11.
Witness, George Eppele, Jacob Müller, Peter Steuer-
wald, William Macview, John Waeg.
Gemeinbart, Johannes Wolf,
Engellottin, Anna Cathrina; m. July 11.
Witness, Veidt. Metzger, in London, Christian Rietz,
Philip Zappe.
Masener, Jacob,
Justice, Mary; m. July 24 by license bearing date July 21.
Witness, Ludwig Stumph.
Lewis, Andrew, from Ireland,
Smith, Anna (single woman) ; m. July 25.
Witness, Peter Brunnholtz Minister, Martin Roe, church
warden.
Neidt, Johann Michael, single, from Frankf.,
SÄHLERIN, Magdalena; m. August 3.
Witness, Mathias Geiker, Elias Eberhard, Thomas
Ramsey and wife.
Hodges, Richard, of Gloucester Co., Jersey,
Hasgrow, Mary; m. August 8.
Witness, Charles Alexander.
Records of Marriages. 57
BiRKENBEÜLER, Johan Gerhard,
BocKiN, Anna Maria; m. August 10.
Witness, Hans Jurg Stehly, Johannes Fuhr.
Curtis, John, served with Urian Fuchs,
Cook, Mary, serves with James Seth; m. August 21.
Witness, James Dunmore, Timothy Ahlrich, Charles
Barlet.
Bändel, Jacob, from Mostown, opposite Burlington,
ScHNEiDY, Regina Barbara; m. August 22.
Witness, Hans Martin Kur f ess, Antony Gabriel,
Christoph Wertwein.
Jung, Johan Peter (carpenter),
Heinshin, Johanna Christina, widow; m. August 23 in Martin
Null's residence.
Stark, Jacob (single).
Siegelin, Margretha; m. August 29.
Witness, Peter Draess, Debald Stark, Anna Maria
Starkin.
Mayer, Christoph, from Kirchheim in Tl. [Teutchland.''],
Benkertin, Anna Eva, widow from the Churpfaltz amt Bell-
heim, Videatz attestatumj m. September 5 in my presence,
by me P.[eter] Brimnh. [oltz] married, as per attest from
Rev. Schaeffer, pastor at Bellheim, oberamts Germersheim,
that they were there proclaimed June 2, 1755, but not
married by the Catholics.
DuNTz, Johann Conrad, widower,
Engelhardin, Anna Sabina, widow; m. September 12.
Witness, Philip Seipold, Dorothea Elisabeth Reinoldin.
Waker, Michael (single),
Artzin, Maria Magdalena; m. September 12.
Wittiess, same as above.
SCHEUFFELIN, JaCob,
RiTZHAUERiN, Regina; m. September 16 in my house, Phister,
Edder, Uhl, etc.
58 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
SwARTz^ Johann Georg (stocking weaver),
Heldin, Anna Christina, widow; m. September 19.
Witness, Joh. Bender, Philip Gerner, Hinrich Rein-
hard, Joh. Jiirg Bek, Thr. Coughs, Dan. Sauder, Andreas
Bertsh.
Kreiter, John,
Lay, Rebecca, of Philadelphia city ; m. September 8 by a license.
Witness, Jurg Justus, Margretha Justus.
PucHARD, Joseph, of this place (servant) by Thomas Hardt,
MoYGER, Margreth, dr. William Moyger, serv's with Capt.
Brown; m. September 27,
Witness, John Bayl, John Kerl, Thomas Robertson,
Joseph Harrison, Samuel Green, Peggy Biles.
Rahn, Caspar,
Beutlenin, Barbara; September 28 by a license.
Klein, Johan Niclaus, served by Isr. Pemberton.
Fischerin, Cathrina (Reformed); m. September 28.
Witness, Jacob Fröhlig, Cathrina Williams, Anna Maria
Hannemännin, Mary Stephens, Elisabeth Davis.
Crush, Georg,
ScHiMMLiN, Magdalena, from New Hannover; m. September 30,
by license same date.
Witness, Valentin Scales, George Ritter Johannes
Schimmel, Jurg Guht.
DiLCK, Peter, servant, to M[arcus] Kuhl,
LiNTiN, Maria Elisabeth, serves by Is. West; m. September 30.
Witness, Bernhard Späth, Christian Fris, Thomas
Wood.
Ellis, William, freeman from West Indies,
MooRY, Persimon, a negress, servant with Heinrich Harpel (sic) ;
m. September 30.
Witness, Christoph Graefle, Lehman Blak Mistakes,
Isaac, James Heikirt, Mars Isaac Hall, Peter Pattin.
Pabst, Andreas Christoph, in Germantown,
Heftigerin, Anna Maria; m. October 3.
Records of Marriages. 59
Witness, Andreas Heftiger, Valentin Seales, in his
house.
SwÄMLE, Johannes, widower, from Cohenzie,
Grosnikelin, Margretha, widow (Reformed) ; m. October 5 in
Daniel Grups residence before many witnesses.
TowNSHEAD, Isaac (house carpenter),
Williams, Uriah (spinster); m. October 17.
Witness, John Stanwy, single man, chairmaker with
Hugh Dorberry, Maria Ritterin, serves with Capt. Lyon.
TiBBERT, Thomas,
DiLKS, Rebecca; m. October 31 by a license from his honour the
Governor, dated October 28.
Witness, David Roe, Michael Fischer, John Taylor and
w., Rebecca, Elisabeth Roe.
Fischer, Benjamin, from lower Dublin township;
Watkins, Esther, from the same place; m. November 2.
Witness, John Watkins, John Fischer, Sarah Warden-
bay, Ann Wardenbay.
CoMMiNGs, Matthew, widower, in Lower Dublin twp.,
FiNEY, Margreth, widow in the Manor of Moreland; m. Novem-
ber 2.
Witness, Kunnigunda Wolfardtin, and I myself.
Mek, Michael, from the Stuttgartischen (servant to Jacob Graef,
junior),
RosiN, Elisabeth, serves with Jurg Jacob Jung; m. November 19.
Witness, Jurg Jacob Jung, Henrich Mak, Johannes
Peltz.
Veidt, Arnold,
Schreierin, Maria Margretha, Carl Lud. Essigs ? m.
November 21.
Witness, Carl Ludwig Essig, Andreas Veidt, William
Johns, Johannes Kolb, Daniel Huhn.
Rupp, Machael, in Mohrland county [Moreland township, Mont-
gomery Co.] by Abington,
Ekerlin, Anna Elisabeth, at same place; m. November 23.
6o The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Witness, Caspar Schneider^ Hans Adam Ulmer, Jurg
Jacob, Christian Peter, Neal Cane, Johann Jürg Gass.
Sensfelder, Johannes,
Feyserin, Jacobina; m. November 30.
Witness, Johan Georg Yeyser, Joh. Philip Zinsfelder,
Christoph Beyer, Carl Ewald.
Abel, Peter Mathias,
Wölfin, Maria Philippina; ra. December 2.
Witness, Johan Adam Wolf, Johan Jurg Krügenmeyer,
Johan Caspar Bertram, Johan Carl Wolf, Joh. Friedr.
Nebel, Lorentz Roht, Hans Peter Witte, Joh. Andreas
Rohr, Johannes Wolf.
Benteman, Philip Jacob,
Mertzin, Anna Elisabeth; m. December 5.
Witness, Seibert Görtz, Jacob Hill, Joh. Jiirg Kraus-
koph, Andreas Kessler.
Schultz, Henrich Rudolph, widower,
Weylin, Margretha, widow; m. December 7.
Witness, Jacob Koch, Ludwig Falkenstein, Andreas
Kirchner, Johannes Weil, Friedrich Reuheneker.
Chesnell, Charles,
Dearsbatis, Jean; m. December 8.
Witness, James Lamb, Philipp Duffy, Cathrina Melly.
Jacob, Jurg,
Bekerin, Barbara; m. December 14.
Witness, Carl Ewald, Paulus Kober, William Grichton,
Michael Kapp, Hans Adam Ulmer.
Prost, Johann Jurg,
Keppelein, Margretha; m. December 14.
Witness, Philipp INIoser, Conrad Schneider, Johan Hin-
rich Steltz, Christian Moser, James Ferry.
Schlesmann, Christoph,
Ars, Cathrina; m. December 14.
Witness, Johannes Schlesman, Anna Cath. Schlesman,
Anna Elisabeth Schoen, Rudolph H. Schrenk, Cunigunda
Walfordin.
Records of Marriages. 6i
Binder, Johann Friedrich,
Pfeiferin, Maria Elisabeth; m. December 14 in the house of
the groom's father.
Teutshenbach, Johann Adam,
Hessin, Anna Barbara; m. December 20.
Witness, Wolf Heinrich Emmert, Cathrina Hodgings.
Emmert, Wolfgang Henrich,
Hugger, Cathrina; m. December 20.
Witness, Jolian Adam Teutshenbach, Anna Barbara
Teutshenbachin, Cunigunda Wolfartin.
DiEHL, Johann Eberhard (widower),
BÄRIN, Rosina (widow) ; m. December 20.
Witness, Johannes Frank, Johannes Bekele.
HuBER, Johan Georg,
Krügerin, Cathrina Sibilla; m. December 23.
Witness, Jacob Huber, Christian Kemph, Joh. Valentin
Pantzer.
Frantz, Jacob,
Kehrweinin, Anna Ottilia; m. December 23.
Witness, same as above.
GoETEL, Johan Georg,
Hauserin, Maria Barbara; m. December 26.
Witness, Michael Rosnagel and w., Anna Maria.
Meyer, Sebastian,
Smittin, Elisabeth; m. December 29.
Witness, Johann Jurg Stoy, John Bryan, Fried Meyer,
Henrich Dietz, Joh. A. Roht, Peter Heydom.
Stöhr, Chistian,
Schellenbergerin, Dorothea, widow; m. December 28 on the
Ritch [Ridge] in the widow's house.
Anno 1757.
Cano, Friedrich,
Köhler, Maria, widow (Catholics) ; m. January 3.
02 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Witness, Plus Schmidtmeyer, Johannes Bestere, Philip
Schön, Peter Wüster, Joh. Georg Prost, Philip Moser,
Jacob Miller, Johan Jiirg Roshs.
Krauskopf, Johann Jiirg,
Baselerin, Susanna Magdalena, dr. Ulrich Baseler; m. January
11.
Witness, Ulrich Baseler, Joh, Fried Bast, Jacob Stoss,
Owen Kirchen, Jacob Maurer, Joseph Baseler.
Keder, Daniel,
BÄTSHIN, Elisabeth, Hans Michael Fischer's stepdaughter; m.
January 11.
Witness, Hans Martin Fischer, Jacob Binder, Hans
Jurg Keiler, Michael Bätsh, Joh. Kensele.
BÄTSH, David,
Steuberin, Anna Maria (Reformed); m. January 11.
Witness, same as above.
Yaw, Thomas (single),
Kerscherin, Ursula, after three times proclamation; m. Jan-
uary 9.
Witness, the Vorsteher and Eldeste, Anna Schmiedin.
Cleusele, Jacob,
Stollin, Maria; m. January 11.
Witness, Joh. Remig. Spiegel, Georg Gilbert, Jacob
Thorns, Hans Jacob Foch, Peter Clein.
Baker, John,
Fritzin, Cathrina; m. January 23.
Witness, three Vorsteher, Daniel Deksheimer, Balthes
Steinfurth, Jacob Jlipp.
Hipp, Jacob,
Meistein, Anna Dorothea; m. January 24.
Witness, Christoph Eberlin, Caspar Deichman.
Beyer, Hans Jurg,
Smithin, Elisabeth; m. January 25.
Witness, Thomas Wilson, Philip Black, Andreas Bohs-
hard, Balthes Steinfurth.
Records of Marriages. 63
Schultz^ Conrad,
SwEiKARTiN, Barbara; m. January 26 by license.
Witness, Job. Henr. Clemmer, Adam Fuchs, Baltzer
Unbehend.
Hertsch, Johannes,
Schultzin, Anna Catharina; m. January 25.
Witness, Jacob Hipp, Johan Henrich Clemmer, Georg
Eberhard, Philip Chain, Johan Gadweber, Paulus Smith-
meyer.
HowELE, Richard,
Jones, Elisabeth; m. January 23.
Witness, Rusch Couch, Isaac Jones.
Stuky, Jacob,
Leonhardin, Cathrina (Reformed) ; m. February 8.
Witness, Ulrich Drift, Johannes Snell, Mathias Gesed,
Hinrich Mak, Joh. Eberhard, Joh. Peltz.
Friderici, Johan Died[rich],
WiTTMANNiN, Anna Marg.; m. February 8.
Witness, Johannes Weiss, Fried Nebel, Hinr. Heng,
Joh. Meng, Jacob Scott, Peter Witmar, Fried. Theus.
Walz, Martin,
Geiserin, Anna Mar.; m. February 8.
Witness, Conrad Lampader, Valentin Smith, Josua
Lampader, Joh. Jurg Hensel, Ludalph Ramph.
Baker, Thomas (soldier),
Badere, Barbara; m. February 8.
Witness, Adam Smith, Capt. Lander, Bendin Horneg,
Corp. Bakett, Friedrich Durr, Capt. Harter Fried. Schatz,
Capt. Harting, Charles Schokard.
Hartman, Peter,
Geigerin, Cath. ; m. February 8.
Witness, same as above.
Xortheimer, Johannes,
FÜCHSIN, Anna Barbara; m. February 9.
Witness, :Michael Schubert, Jacob Fröhlig, Esther
Sayers, Elisabeth Fislerin.
6/\. The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Martin, Medan (carpenter),
LuDON, Ann; m. February 10 by license.
Witness, Joseph Rakestraw, Anna Martin.
Engel, Johannes (widower),
Ehprechtin, Anna Maria (Reformed); m. February 15.
Witness, Joh. Hinr. Stels, Peter Ox, Rudolph Ehprecht,
Christian Due, Peter Kayser, Joh, Kayser.
Springer, Fried,
Schalin, Maria Agnes; m. February 15.
Witness, M. Johan Philip Springer, Hans Jiirg Schales,
Michael Jung, Martin Scale, Michael Mek, Jacob Keiser.
Conrad, Charles, soldier in Lieut. Meyer's Comp. 1st Bat.,
, ; m. February 15.
Witness, Adam Smith, John Nash.
Nash, John, soldier in Capt. Lander's Company, Lieut. Meyer.
Meyle, Esther; m. March 5.
Witness, Robert Hand (soldier), Charles Conrad, James
Davis, John Vogel.
Horn, Joseph,
Ferdin, Mary; m. March 7.
Witness, Robert Hand (Sergt.), Lydia Cooke at Joseph
Turner's, Mercy Kelly, John Nash.
Wolf, Joh. Henr (shoemaker),
Ernstin, Elisabeth, serves, with Sam. Smith on third street; m.
March 8.
Witness, Valentin Hagner, Joh. Andreas Rothe Joh.
Sörber (Reformed), Bernh. Brandt, Jacob Ernst, Henrich
Leiblin.
Walter, Friedrich, Newcomer, widower, from Frankenland, near
Würzburg,
Weishardin, Cathrina (single), free and from Wiirtemberg; m.
March 8.
Witness, Jacob Huber, Christoph Spring (from Stras-
burg), Jacob Kern, Christoph Katz.
Records of Marriages. 65
Hentz, Jacob, Col. Stanwik's [command],
WiNDLEs, Apalinna, free, served her time, and lived near Lan-
caster two years; m. March 12.
Witness, Knobold Pfillipp, Nicolaus Damlon, both sol-
diers.
Schmidt, Johannes, single, from Bucks County,
Lewis, Jane, widow, from New Brittan Township ; m. March 1 i.
Witness, Joh. Jürg Stoy (single, Lutheran), Barbara
Fegerin (single), Elisabeth Meyerin.
Ox, Georg Leonhard (soldier),
Flikein, Margreth, from Saxe Gotha; m. March 14.
Witness, Carl Furshed (sergeant), Johan Herzog,
Philipp Chain.
Weynie, George, soldier, in Capt. Gates' Independent Company,
Smithin, Juliana, servant by Valentin Scales; m. March 16.
Witness, Valentin Scales, Niclaus Zimmermann, Jacob
Hence.
Leischnitz, Christian, soldier,
Bettman, Christina, widow; m. April 3.
Witness, three Vorsteher, Jürg Soiferens, Joh. Jurg
Reit.
FoEKE, Godfried (corporal),
Riemin, Margreth; m. April 3,
Witness, three Vorstehers, Peter Bacher, Joh. Hartm.
Raush.
Bek, Julianus Paulus Michael (Lutheran) ;
Sneiderin, Maria Magd. (Reformed) ; m. April 5.
Witness, Anthony Egy, Hans, Wolf, Gemeinbarth, Job.
Michael Enderlein, Martha Cooper.
Ohlefield, John (at Mr. Branzon's iron works).
Pain, Mary; m. April 10.
Witness, Peter Graef, Peter Ahlbrecht, Hanna Ohle-
field, Cath. B. Loyd.
Swab, Walter, who formerly lived near the city.
Benderin, Maria Dorothea, servant to Joh. Hofsaes, at Timber
Creek; m. April 11.
66 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Witness, Joh. Hofsaes, Johannes Hunzinger, Jacob
Greiner, Christian Kamph.
Klingeman, Michael,
MiLLERiN, Anna Elizabeth; m. April 13 by license.
Witness, Johann Friedrich Tauber, Anna Bach, Cath-
rina Schöppin, George Hafener (schoolmaster).
Schmaus, Henrich,
Henrichin, Cathrina, at Lowrey Chouden (sic); m. April 17.
Witness, Conrad Schaf enet, Abrah. Wild (Reformed),
Maria Marg. Wildin, Marg. Dorothea Lippadin (Luthe-
ran) ; Peter Draess.
LuPRiAN, Johan. Christian,
Seebachin, Maria, Barbara; m. i.\pril 24.
Witness, Johann Jurg Nonius, Juliana Emesm,
Friederica Betzin.
Sommer, Joh. Georg, single, stocking dyer, Germantown,
Hesserin, Cathrina (Germantown) ; m. April 25.
Witness, Johannes Keyser, Johannes Hesser, Johannes
Linker.
Weiker, Nicolaus, from Dinikin, Peter Draess' sister's son,
KiLiANiN, Susannah; m. April 28.
Witness, Peter Draess and w., Henrich Breduke and
Av., Elizabeth.
Herrly, Johann George,
Bernhardin, Justina, widow, from Albany; m. May 1.
Witness, Joh. Adam Probst, Christian Sprögel, Joh.
David Scheyin, Joh. Adam Rokenberger, Hans Jurg
Reber, Michael Rosnagel.
KÄMPF, Thomas (sergeant),
Pläsirin, Cathrina; m. May 1.
Witness, Plus. Kaber in my neighbor's house.
Fries, Jacob (single),
Nagelin, Maria Marg. (free), Germantown; m. May 2.
Witness, Conrad Bohner, Christ. Barbara Gomelin,
Sophia Marg. Gomelin.
Records of Marriages. 67
Stockhard, John (seafarer),
Evans, Rebecca; m. May 7.
Witness, James Donmor and w., Elisabeth.
White, Friderik,
Belzing, Christina.
Johannes, Peter, soldier in Gavin Cochrane,
Utzin, Cathrina; m. May 9.
Witness, John Mackintosh, William Fischer, Barbara
Messingere.
VoGEL, Johannes, 1 battalion, Capt. Lander's company,
Vakin, Anna Marg., widow; m. May 13.
Witness, Jurg Fr. Volprecht, Johan Adam Fuchs, Jacob
Eninger, Fried Osborn.
Franckenhaus, Henrich, Stisman, Barbara; m. May 24 per
license.
Witness, Jacob Hafener, Elisabeth Ekelsin, Barbara
Geigerin.
Bohle, Joh. Adam,
Lebbichin, Anna Conradina; m. June 2.
Witness, Henrich Lebbich, Valentin Schmidt, John Fox,
Ambrosius Habermel, John Bekele, Henrich Sachs
[Sachse], Joh. Michael Gebhard, Joh. Lescher, Henrich
Weil.
Hofsess, Johannes, widower, from Timber Creek,
Sauderin, Ursula, single, served at Gabs' ; m. June 7.
Witness, Johannes Nutzinger from Timber Creek, Jacob
Snek, Maria Gabin, Maria Neidlingerin, Maria Dorothea
Swabin.
May, Christoph, a widower,
SoRBER, Maria Elisabeth, single; m. May 29.
Witness, Henry Schleydorn, Heinrich Merky.
Button, Abraham,
Kerere, Margretha; m. May 30.
Witness, Jacob Huber, Friederich Büchsler.
68 The Pennsylvania- German Society,
Seidelmann, Johann Philipp,
Kettlerin, Anna Maria (both single) ; m. June 4.
Witness, Johann Wilhelm Müller, Henrich Leiblin.
Schlotterer, Johann Conrad,
Maurerin, Christina; m. June 5.
Witness, Jacob Gottschalk, Jacob Rinthaler.
Ims, Franz Josephus,
Meyerin, Magdalena; m. June 23.
Witness, Martin Noll, John Stellwagen,
Haal, John Gottfr.,
Price, Sally; m. June 23 in their house.
Froelich, Johann Martin, widower,
NiEssiN, Margretha; m. July 3.
Witness, Paul DoUmann, Johan Adam Maurer.
HoLicH, Andreas Michael,
Stahlin, Susannah Dorothea; m. July 25.
Witness, Johann Wilhelm Engelfried, Johann Christian
Zeisse.
Rose, Johann Georg,
Klepsatlin, Maria Regina; m. July 31
Witness, Conrad Stotz, Ludwig Thüringer.
Burghardt, Frantz, widower,
Franckin, Margretha; m. August 4.
Witness, Michael Knohl, Joh. Georg Brecht.
Schauer, Johan Philipp,
Schumacherin, Maria Margretha; m. August 4.
Witness, Georg Friedrich Heilbrunner, Johannes Bene-
1er, Jean J, Faulguier (beau pere).
Leib, Johann Georg,
Liebheitin, Magretha Dorothea; m. August 11.
Witness, Balthasar Fleischer, Andreas Grübel.
M'Glathry, William,
JoLLY, Elisabeth; m. August 20 by a license.
Schneider, Johannes,
Grossin, Philippina Elisabethe (Reformed); m. August 21.
Witness, Buttons and her family.
Records of Marriages. 69
Wood, Jonathan,
Samuels, Judith; m. August 22 by a license
Smith, William,
Maid, Mary; m. August 26 by a license.
Theobald, Hans,
Betzin, Magdalena; m. August 28.
Witness, Johann Georg Schneider.
Klein, Peter,
Meyerin, Eva Dorothea; m. September 8.
DiETz, Johann Henrich,
Laubin, Anna Barbara; m. September 11.
Witness, Balthasar Fleischer, Carl Jaquart.
Paguet, William,
WiTMANN, Hannah; m. September IG.
Witness, Johann Georg Wien, Ernst Christoph Englert.
Schuh, Johann Bartolomaeus,
Florin, Maria Barbara; m. September 19.
Witness, Carl Waag, Michael Stemler.
Jung, Philipp,
ZiEGLERiN, Christina; m. September 25.
Witness, Henrich Jung, Jacob Jung, Georg Jung.
Katz, Martin,
KtJNZELN, Elisabeth; m. September 26.
Witness, Martin Katz (father).
Jones, Isaac,
Harper, Mary; m. September 29 by a license.
Foss, Daniel,
Reglerin, Dorothea; m. October 2.
Witness, Caspar Bertram, Mary Un.
Kauffeld, Johann Nicolaus,
Staufflerin, Cathar. Elis. ; m. October 5.
Witness, Georg Michael Gamber, Johannes Seyfferth.
WiTMAR, Peter,
ScHÜTTiN, Sarah Maria Salome; m. October 7 by a license.
Witness, Christian Schneider, Jacob Christler.
70 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Nagel, Henrich Andreas,
Eckertin, Anna Margar. ; m. October 16.
Witness, Antony Sulzer.
Fende, Ferdinand,
Flachmannin, Maria (widow) ; m, October 30,
Witness, Jacob Graeff, John Kuhn.
Shippik, Thomas, a widower,
Witte, Cathrina (widow) ; m. October 31.
Witness, Isaac Warner, Mary Watson.
KalkmÜller, Jacob,
Kendele, Christina; m. October 31.
Witness, Martin Erblich.
Bertram, Johann Caspar,
KuRFÄssiN, Rosina; m, November 2.
Witness, Christoph Kurfäss, John Facy.
Morgan, Benjamin,
Warman, Jane; m. November 3.
Witness, Frederik Engle.
LoESCHER, Johannes,
DiETziN, 5ophia Juliana ; m. November 6.
Witness, J. F. Favdguier, Johann Georg Baumann.
MÜLLER, Conrad,
Heiderin, Cathrina Barbara; m. November 7.
Witness, Hans Martin Kurfaess, Hans Jacob Glass.
Imdorff, Melchior (Reformed),
FiNCKiN, Cathrina Juliana; m. November 10.
Witness, Gabriel Davis, Christian Luprian.
Warner, Isaac,
Watson, Mary (widow); m. November 13.
Witness, John Cassel, John Facy.
Paetsch, Johann Michael (single),
Herrmannin, Regina; m. November 28.
Witness, Johann Thomas Bach, Jacob Bender, Jacob
Walter, Christian Kaempf.
Records of Marriages, 71
Read, Thomas,
Shanon, Sara; m. December 4.
Witness, Paulus Beck, Magdalena Beckin.
Lamferd, Peter,
BiswANGERN, Elisabeth; m. December 8.
Witness, Carl Ewald, Mr. Apothecar Schneider, Mr.
Schoolmaster Hafner, Mr. David Schaefer.
Klein, Conrad,
Dehaven, Margretha; m. December 2G.
Witness Philipp Klein, Peter Dehaven.
Dresle, Georg,
Mastin, Anna Maria; m. December 26.
Witness, Ehrhard Grimm, Jacob Braun.
Marie AU, Philipp,
Ebertin, Salome; m. December 2G.
Wit7iess, Johann Henrich Schwalbach, Hans Georg
Kiefer, Johannes Gab.
Schumacher, Peter,
Kabin, Christina Margretha; m. December 26.
Witness, Peter Schwartz, Peter Klein, Caspar Klein,
Ludwig Über.
Kleinet, Jacob,
Sauters, Cathrina; m. December 27.
Witness, Hans Henrich Klemmer, Jacob Bender, Jacob
Tiegel, Johan Negele.
Walker, Jacob,
Gumelin, Sophia Margretha; m. December 27 in the parent's
house, in presence of parents of both parties.
Anno 1758.
ScHocH, Hans Michael,
Stoessin, Margretha; m. January 3, 1758.
Witness, Georg Stoess, Jacob Stoess, Joh. Friedrich
Bast, Johannes Sommer.
72 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
ScHEUTELE, Johanncs,
Hefterichin, Anna Catharina; m. January 3 in their residence
in presence of many witness of both sexes.
Dreyer, Peter,
Seyfriedin, Regina; m. January 7.
Witness, Johannes Bekle, Jacob Hahn, Andr. Greissel.
Brodbeck, Hans Georg,
Baetingerin, Rosina; m. January 10.
Witness, Johannes Weil, Peter Obersteg, Margretha
Oberstegin.
Schwartz, Philipp,
SuLTZBACHiN, Christina; m. January 12 in the parents' house,
in presence of a large company, among which were Rev.
Stog and the other young Reformed pastor.
Roll, Johannes,
RoHRBACHiN, Maria Clara; m. January 19.
Witness, Ludwig Fridburg, Johan Peter Schar.
GwiN, William,
Freiers, Judy; m. January 22.
Witness, Henry Schleydorn, William Saul, Jones
Smedley.
Barroman, James,
Runnels, Jamima; m. January 22.
Witness, Sara Price, Elisabeth Ayms, Mary Martin.
Volk, Johann Friedrich,
Johannessen, Anna Margretha; m. January 31.
Witness, Balthasar Steinfurth, Andreas Leinau,
Andreas Krebs.
Beyer, Johannes,
Emy, Maria; m. February 3.
Witness, Philipp Flick, Georg Beyer, Nicol Henrich,
Herrman Hassinger.
Altenberger, Johann Philipp,
Seitzin, Margretha Magdalena; m. February 9.
Witness, Joh. Henr. Seitz, Ludw. Über, Heinr. Gottfr.
Morr, Friedrich Meyer.
Records of Marriages. 73
Mauss, Frederik,
Heap, Francis; m. February 18 by license.
Witness, Gustapha Janus, Frederica Maussin, Samuel
GraeiF.
DoRMEYER, Michael,
Ebernacher, Cathrina; m. Marcli G.
Witness, Job. Martin Forster, Christopbel Graessel.
Koch, Andreas,
Zimmermannin, Cathrina; m. March 13.
Witness, Michael Kipp, Michael Egold, Peter Dreyer.
Krausnopf, Johann Georg,
Wildin, Anna Margretha ; m. March 14.
Witness, Elias Strieker, Christoph Beck, Joseph
Baseler.
Zeitz, John Nicolaus,
Reisenfels, Henrietta Juliana Wilhelmina; m. March 15.
Witness, John Fornell, Peter Matson, Conrad Ries,
Mary Justia, Christina Justice, Georg Morden.
Davis, Samuel,
Dubrie, Marie; m. March 27 by license of the Governour.
Witness, William Daniel, Jany Pennington.
Weil, Johannes,
Eisen, Susanna Barbara; m. March 27.
Witness, Peter Obersteg, Hans Georg Brodbeck, Lud-
wig Kehl.
Burghardt, Johannes,
Siegmannin, Anna Maria; m. March 27.
Witness, Valentin Siegmann, Philip Leonhart Wems,
Jacob Siegmann.
Schober, Georg Adam,
MitschdÖrfferin, Maria Dorothea; m. March 27.
Witness, Andreas Brechel, Johan Heinrich Günther,
Christian Friedrich Hutmann.
Parcker, Georg,
Gardner, Christina; m. March 2G by a license of the Governour.
Witness, Anthony Armbruster, his wife, and others.
74 The Pennsylvania- Ge7'man Society.
Neals, James,
Wacker, Elisabeth; m. April 2.
Witness, Thomas Read and Sarah his wife, [Pastor]
Handschuch's wife.
BiBELER, Johann Friedrich,
Enenischin, Anna Maria; m. April 4.
Witness, Johann Werner Kuhn, Elisabeth Kübeler.
Geek, Johann Adam,
Knauin, Anna Cathrina; m. April 9.
Witness, Peter Draess, Mathias Schrot, Joh. Adam
Fuchs, Georg Michael Leher.
Schilp, Joseph,
Meyerin, Anna Cathrina; m. April 16.
Witness, Michael Morris, Johann, Martin Apitsch, Abel
Gibbons.
Poquet, John,
Wadling, Mary; m. April 16.
Witness, Johann Georg Wehn, William Paquet, John
Worlin.
Fries, Johann Christian,
Menoldin, Regina Elisabeth; m. April 23.
Witness, Dr. Stuber and w., Johan Adam Probst and w.
Schumacher, Michael,
Braunsmanteln, Susanna Maria; m. April 30.
Witness, Jacob Faulquier, Georg Christian Reinhardt,
Clara Maria Braunsmanteln.
Ury, Johan Christoph,
Raulin, Anna Maria; m. May 1.
Witness, Johannes Rap and w., Maria Dorothea, Wil-
helm Gerhardt, Jacob Muller.
ThÜrmer, Thomas, and Maria Catharina .
Klein, Nicolaus,
Bohlemannin, Catharina; m. May 7.
Witness, Adam Datz and Balthasar Vorbach.
Virgin, Thomas,
M'Call, Grace; m. May 9 by license.
Records of Marriages. 75
Witness, John Preston, William Shekelton, Mary Cres-
ton.
Wagener, Conrad, widower,
Weitzelin, Anna Cathrina (widow); m. May 15.
Witness, Henry Schleydorn, Reinhard Uhl, Johannes
Kuhn, GraefF, junior.
Bloss, Jacob,
Sauerbreyin, Rosina; m. May 15.
Witness, Carl Ewald, Adam Fuchs.
Steuber, Daniel,
Kraessin, Maria Sabina; m. May 25.
Witness, Johann Wilhelm Kiessner, Johann Nicolaus
Hahn, Elisabethe Beckerin, Elisabeth Eleonora LoefF-
lerin.
Maybe, Edward,
Lehman, Mary; m. May 28.
Witness, Johann Lehmann and w., Maria Magdalene,
Francis Andrews, Reinhardt Uhle.
ScHNEPF, Johann Martin,
Beckerin, Anna Maria; m. May 30.
Witness, Georg Becker, Johannes Pistor, Seiffert Gaertz,
Jacob Hill.
Gross, Jacob,
Hoffmannin, Anna Cathrina; m. Jime 6.
Witness, Thomas Meyer, Andreas Braxm, Margretha
Meyern, Agnesa Catharina Braunin.
Bright, John,
MÜLLERIN, Susanna Barbara; m. June 8.
Witness, John Scheubele, Thomas Jacobs, Peter Klein.
Kraus, Johannes, soldier in Capt. Lander's company,
Werthwein, Margretha, widow; m. June 11.
Witness, Johann Martin Schnepf and wife, Mr. Abitsch
and wife.
Weber, Nicolaus,
Bayerin, Christina Sophia; m. Jime 15.
76 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Witness, Georg Hütner, senior and junior, Mrs. Kep-
pele, Chris. Bayer and wife.
Herberg, Johannes,
SiETZERiN, Anna Cathrina; m. June 18.
Witness, Reinhardt Uhl, Georg Ebbele.
HoFF, Reinhardt,
Lescherin, Margretha; m. June 19.
Witness, Michael Schmaltz, Heinrich Gottfried Murr,
William Leschere, Cathrina Lescherin.
Knoedler, Johann Georg,
Schneiderin, Anna Barbara; m. June 27.
Witness, Johann Georg Knoedler, Johann Conrad
Schneider, Michael Herrmann, Philip Later.
Oexlin, Johannes,
Hagin, Maria Magdalena; m. June 27.
Witness, Johann Georg Beck and w., Catharina, Johann
Sebastian Datz and w., Catharina, Henr. Rieber.
Geisel, Johannes,
Kirchhofin, Maria Sophia; m. June 11 in her parents' house.
Witness, Johann Adam Probst, Johann Gottfried Diel
and w., Christopher Kirchhof and wife (parents).
George, Charles,
Rohrin, Euphemia Susanna; m. July 13 in house of brides' par-
ents.
Witness, Johann Friedrich Rohrer and w. (parents),
Joachim Hencke, and wife, Anna Christina.
Jacob, Johann Martin,
Albere, Anna Maria; m. July 18.
Witness, Joseph Alber, Nicolaus Rubel, Jacob Walter.
SÄHLER, Jacob,
Mautin, Margretha; m. July 24.
Witness, Johannes Weismann (stepfather), Gottfried
Bohner, Georg Friedrich Dietz, Jacob Ferdinand Facun-
dus.
Bieler, Johannes,
Kepplerin, Magdalena; m. July 25.
Records of Mm'riages. 77
Witness, Christophel GraefFel, Johann Georg Probst,
Christian Beck.
WoLLBERT, Thomas,
Steigerin, Eva; m. July 25.
Witness, Georg Friedrich Wolber, Friedrich Wagener,
Balthasar Unbehend.
WiRTH, Ludwig,
Rehlin, Anna Magretha; m. July 30.
Witness, Adolph Rehl, Peter Tartar, Jacob Graess,
Andreas Eckhardt.
Oberdorff, Andreas,
Verdion, Anna Maria Esther; m. August 10.
Witness, Jacob Oberdorff, Johann Henrich Münnich,
Antony Egy, Jacob Schneider.
Skirn, Isaac,
BuTTENwoRTH, Elisabeth; m. August 12.
Witness, Johann Leimann and w., Maria Magdalena,
Catharina Sanders.
Stoy, Johann Georg,
Saegin, Anna Barbara; m. August 17.
Witness, Joachim Hencke and w., Johann Andreas
Rohr, Johann Georg Kratz, Sebastian Meyer.
WoLFF, Johann Carl,
Paevern, Elisabeth; m. August 31.
Witness, Johann Adam Wolff, Peter Draess, Henrich
Buda, Vincent Begary.
Johnston, Richard,
Lewis, Martha Elisabeth; m. September 3.
Witness, James Shillingforth and w., Mary, Sidney
Throury.
Scheite, Matthias,
Pfeiffern, Catharina; m. September 4 by license.
Witness, Johann Georg Schaeffer and wife, Susanna
Magdalena, Michael Vollmer.
Ramminger, Johann Friedrich,
Geigerin, Maria Barbara (widow) ; m. September 5.
78 The Pennsylvania- G ermaßt Society.
Witness, Jean Jagues Faulquier, Charles Francis
L'Aine, Jacob Ferdinand Facundus^ Gottlieb Facundus.
Hefft, Georg Henrich,
Pottin, Catharina; m. September 5 by license.
Witness, Henrich Pott and wife, Jacob Bayerle, Jacob
Coolman, etc.
Maysun, William,
Hutchinson, Mary; m. September 18 by license.
Witness, John Pearson, Nathan Flitcher.
Frosberg, Nicolaus,
Gläserin, Rosina; m. September 26.
Witness, John Hesselius, John Jagues Faulguier, Jacob
Dietrich.
Weber, Johann Nicolaus,
Reimerin, Maria; m. September 28.
Witness, Johann Adam Weber, Nicolaus Weber and
w., Christina Sophia, Susanna Koehlerin.
Mutschler, Johann Daniel,
Schroetlin, Susanna Dorothea, m. October 2.
Witness, Johann Philip Burghardt and wife, Michael
Frick, Andreas Burghardt.
Kessler, Leonhardt,
Ritschauerin, Anna Maria; m. October 3.
Witness, Reinhardt Uhl and wife, Jacob Shoemaker,
the brothers Scheubele.
Daniel, John,
Parker, Elisabeth; m. October 10.
Witness, Samuel Parker, David Richards, Daniel Mc-
Veagh.
Nick, Michael,
Bayerin, Anna Eva; m. October 15.
Witness, Wilhelm Nick, Jacob Nick, Wilpert Lutz.
Stiegel, Henrich Wilhelm,
Holtzen, Elisabeth; m. October 24 by a license.
Witness, Peter Müller, Michael Ege, Peter Oberfeld.
Records of Marriages. 79
Magarga^ John,
Jones, Hannah; m. October 27.
Witness, John Hamilton, Sara Hamilton.
Kiefer, Johan Georg,
Berenstecherin, Eva Maria; m. October 31.
Witness, Georg Ebbele, Mr. Berenstecher, Mr. Lam-
pader.
PfÜster, Georg Adam,
Scherin, Margaretha; m. November 9.
Witness, Georg Adam Rockenberger, Peter Schwartz,
Hans Georg Keller, Hans Christ Gilbert.
Ege, Johann Jacob,
KÜMMELIN, Anna Margretha; m. November 12.
Witness, ISIichael Kümmel, Joh. Lautenschlaeger, Joh.
Kuhn, Reinhardt Uhl.
HuTCHiNGS, Stevans,
Pantleonin, Anna Maria; m. November 12.
Witness, Joh. Georg Stein, Friedrich Pantleon, Dr.
Salomon and his wife.
Merckel, Christian,
Gerstin, Juliana; m. November 14 by a license.
Witness, Caspar Merkel, Franz Gerst, Esther Beckerin.
Förster, Johann Georg,
Wernerin, Anna Elisabeth, m. November 19.
Witness, Johann Ernst Haeuser, Henrich Risch, Mag-
dalena Haeuser, Charlotta Risch.
Burchan, Robert,
BiBERRA, Anna; m. November 19.
Witness, Hugh Williams.
Later, Philipp,
Klinsteinin, Magdalena Elisabeth; m. November 21.
Witness, Jacob Meyer, Johann Adam Datz, Georg
Kermann.
Scheubele, Georg Adam,
, Julianna Catharina; m. November 27.
8o The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Witness, Jacob Scheubele, Georg Adam Ruth, Philipp
Biswanger.
Fuss, Johannes,
Patzin, Use Margretha Elisabethe; m. November 28.
Witness, Joh. Philipp Preysing, Joh. Jacob Dürre and
w.j Elisabeth, Anna Cathr. Weh.
Ketzelmann, Johann Jacob,
Riesin, Anna Margretha; m. November 28.
Witness, Johannes Ries, Johannes Jacob, Barbara
Riesen.
Grear, Thomas,
Garret, Anna; m. November 28.
Witness, Martin Giinzler, Peter Diek, Adam Fuchs.
Ketterer, Georg,
Stump, Maria; m. November 29 by a license, before a great
company in her master's house.
RowLY, William,
Building, Joane; m. November 29.
Witness, Georg Allen, William Lionis.
Stanford, Alexander,
Murphy, Elinor; m. December 7 by a license.
Witness, Samuel Lesly, John Lease, Martha Bass.
Hahn, Johann Bernhard,
Weilerin, Anna Maria; m. December 9 by a license.
Witness, Joh. Weiler, Jacob Braun, Andreas Eberhardt,
Christian Hahn.
Hahn, Johann Peter,
Vogelin, Anna Catharina; m. December 10.
Witness, Johann Wilhelm Muller, Georg Adam Gab,
Friedrich Kräh.
McVeagh, Daniel,
BoRGK, Rachel; m. December 11.
Witness, Jos. McVeagh, John Potts, Sara McVeagh.
Hagener, Valentin,
Spannagelin, Magretha Angelica; m. December 12.
Records of Marriages. 8i
Witness, Johann Ludwig Spannagel^ Ernst Christoph
Engler, Frederich Hagener, Joh, Jac. Ernst.
Richter, Gottfried,
HoMANNiN, Charlotta; m. December 10.
Witness, Johann Christian Herang, Anna Margretha
Loschetz.
Bauna, Johann Philipp,
Schwartz, Elenora; m. December 17.
Witness, Henrich Hangen, Johannes Jung, Antony
Kerner.
Hofmeister, Albrecht,
GuNTHERiN, Maria Elisabeth; m. December 19.
Witness, Joh. Jacob Zucker, Conrad Klein, Georg Beyer,
Paules Beck, Joh. Conrad Schmidt.
Schmidt, Johannes,
Springerin, Anna Maria; m. December 19.
Witness, Johan Adam Fuchs, Antonius Ottmann,
Johann Friedrich Berger,
More, Quintin,
HoLEDEEL, Esther; m. December 21.
Witness, Thomas Lewis, David Getting, Edward Brown-
ing.
Manckel, Johannes,
Heylin, Barbara; m. December 21.
Witness, Old Heil's wife, Schenkel and his wife.
BossERT, Caspar,
Schmidtin, Anna; m. December 21.
Witness, Andreas Griibel, John Findley, William Mc-
Cladty.
Kibbler, Jacob,
Fagin, Catharina; m. December 2G.
Witness, Barthel Schatzlein, Georg Kiebler, Andreas
Tag.
KoENiG, Tobias Adam,
Beuterin, Anna Barbara; m. December 26.
82 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Witness, Jacob Bender, Peter Meyer, Job. Fried. Ben-
der, Job. Andr. Rohr.
DuNLAPP, Matthew,
Brown, Anna; m. December 26.
Witness, Bennys Dowel and w., Elizabeth.
Hadrington, Christopher,
Ivory, Martha; m. December 31.
Witness, William Smithson, Joseph Sharon, Joseph
Robinson.
Anno 1759.
Robinson, William,
Tatnal, Vesthy; m. January 1, 1759.
Witness, Edmund Bitsch, Edward Bitsch, Joachim
Henckel, Mary Smith.
Jones, Abraham,
Jackson, Honor; m. January 6 by a license.
Witness, Leonhard Heward and w., Martha, Eduh
Eddis.
Bender, Georg Nicolaus,
.Beckin, Anna Barbara; m. January 7.
Witness, Georg Henrich Penz, Antony Fond, Lorenz
Bamberger and four Vorsteher.
Mick, Tobias,
Schneiderin, Elisabeth; m. January 21.
Witness, Jacob Friedrich Pertsch, Anna Barbara
PfeifFerin,
Behn, John,
Richards, Mary; m. January 25.
Witness, Reinhard Uhl, Jacob Ruber, Mary Richards
and her mother.
Becker, Georg,
Gassenbergerin, Catharina Elisabeth; m. January 20.
Witness, Johannes Peutzer, Carl Ewald, Christoph
Beyer.
Records of Marriages. 83
JoNGBLUT, Johannes,
Gerhardtin, Magdcalena ; m. January 29.
Witness, Ludwig German, frau Handschuchin.
Rembey, Peter,
Martin, Margretha; m. January 29 by a license from the gov-
ernor.
Witness, David Evans, Frau Handschuchin.
Ebbil, Johannes,
Kleinin, Maria Margretha; m. January 29.
Witness, Jacob Scheubele, Christoph Graess, Peter
Drey er.
Maghile, Daniel,
DiKSON, Anna; m. January 29.
Witness, Thomas Dikson, Debora Dikson.
Schwartz, Philipp,
Blecklerin, Christina; m. February 4.
Witness, Jacob Bender.
Emmert, Michael,
Kean, Susanna; m. February 3 by a license.
Witness, James Cammel, William Watson, Archibald
Watson.
Streits, Michael,
Kaertzen, Maria; m. February 6 by a license.
Witness, Lorentz Bast, Johannes Boekle, Friedrich
Mehl, Daniel Endt.
Crafford, William,
Meyers, Elisabeth; m. February 14.
Witness, Martin Bonds, John Lease, William Mullen.
Maengen, Johannes,
Reinhardtin, Veronica; m. February 15.
Witness, Mr. Maengen (a brother) Friedrich Wolff,
Christian Schneider.
Schmidt, Michael,
Lerschin, Anna Maria; m. February 18.
Witness, Andr. Bossart, Georg Ludwig Horst.
84 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Zeh, Michael,
Capplin, Anna; m. February 22.
Witness, Mich. Wenzler (stepfather), Barbara Wentz
(mother), Michael Kappel, Johannes Kappel, Dan Bar-
gardt.
Krauss, Peter,
Gerich, Anna Elisabeth; m. February 23.
Wit7iess, Peter Krauss, Jacob Huber, Georg Allen.
Uhland, Johann Friedrich,
Geringer, Rosina Margretha; m. February 25.
Witness, Adam Probst, Christophel Fort, Jacob Bender,
Conrad Abel.
Creamer, Balthasar,
Beckin, Appallonia; m. February 26.
Witness, James Parker, John Smith, Marcus Wegfort,
Hans Wolf. Gemeinbardt.
Philips, Wilcox,
Farmer, Elisabeth; m. February 28 by a license.
Witness, Nathanial Pass, Geales Remsey, Sara Farmer.
Price, Joshua, a widower,
Scott, Francis, a widow ; m. April 4 in their lodging.
DoRSCH, Johann Matthias,
Geyerin, Catharina; m. March 18.
Witness, Christoph Lerch and w., Anna Margreth.
Burnett, Patrick,
Davis, Eleonora; m. March 18.
Witness, Abel Mafery and w., Debora, Jeane Cuning-
ham.
Me CAY, Samuel,
Borden, Mary; m. March 19.
Witness, Peter Dick,
Pfeiffer, Leonhard,
MucKiN, Maria; m. March 20.
Witness, James Parker, Marcus Wegfort and wife,
Georg Smith, Balth Creamer.
Records of Marriages. 85
Albertson, Thomas,
Eaton, Avis ; m. March 23 by a license.
Witness, James AVarner, Jacob Fritz and w., Anna.
Brown, Lawrence,
BoEND, Elisabeth; m. April 2.
Witness, John Stevenson, William Grey, Francis Miller.
McGriger, James,
Van Kirk, Rachel; m. April 6.
Witness, William Fräser, John Pain and Mary his wife.
Hops, John,
Garrildon, Use; m. April 8.
Witness, John Moore, Roger Burgk, William Olefield.
Beyer, Ludwig,
Knauin, Susanna ; m. April 9 in Jac. Pertsch's house.
Witness, Jacob Pertsch, Adam Gek, Georg Michael
Leber.
Bander, Georg,
Shekelton, Sarah; m. April 11.
Witness, Arthur Pitt, Esther Fips, Andreas Bossart.
HicKLiNs, Joseph,
Lee, Mary; m. April 15.
Witness, Gemuel Barnabas McGemuel, Margret Mc-
Gemuel.
Braun, Andreas,
Brdlerin [Brendle?], Magdalena; m. April 16.
Witness, Wilhelm Karst, Philip Buchler, Philipp
Brendle.
ScHMALL, Dielemann,
Kiehlerin, Rosina; m. April 16.
Witness, Jacob Erders, Andreas Arbot, John Berthel,
Philipp Edeborn Andreas Schmidt.
JÜrger, Tobias,
SÄNGERIN, Catharina; m. April 17
Witness, Anna Cathar. Saenger, Caspar Saenger,
Johannes Jiirger, Paul Kaber.
86 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Zaber^ Johannes,
ScHWELLERiNj Anna Maria; m. April l(j.
Witness, Martin Gunzeler, Peter Müller, Georg Adam
Scheubele.
Ervin, Peter,
SiMiONS, Christina; m. April 18 by a license.
Witness, Daniel Gordin.
Kerst, Georg,
KiLBACH, Elisabeth; m. April 19 by a license.
Witness, Christina Kilbacherin, the bride's mother.
Dietrich, Lorenz,
LoEFFLERiN, Barbara; m. April 21.
Witness, Friedrich Motzfeld, Johann Georg Gekel,
Hans Georg Brodbeck.
PoswiN, John,
Sandern, Maria Catharina; m. April 21.
Witness, Thomas Shippick and his wife, Johannes Ger-
loch and wife.
Riegler, Stephan,
Wackin, Anna Elisabeth; m. April 22.
Witness, Georg Wack, Caspar Schoen, Wilhelm Ried,
Philip Jacob Wack.
Krauss, Johann David,
ScHWELLERiN, Anna Elisabeth; m. April 24.
Witness, Johann Michael Walcker, Anna Maria
Huberin.
Morris, John,
Mesmer, Anna Elisabeth.
Westberger, Johannes,
Stoessin, Christina; m. May 1.
Witness, Daniel Dupuis, Elenora his wife, George
Stoess, Christoph Stoess.
Strieper, Georg,
Tellin, Anna Maria; m. May 1.
Witness, Johan Georg Knauss, Georg Schmidt and w.,
Maria Margretha.
Records of Marriages. 87
Beck, Dielemaiin,
Reinthalerin, Elisabeth Catharina; m. May 3 in their lodgings
in the presence of English and German guests, John
Morris, Israel Howie, Friedrich Tauber.
Arburth, Andreas,
Friedlerin, Anna Margretha; m. May 10.
Witness, Philip Sultzbach, Henrich Munnich, Johannes
Lehmann, Thomas Lutz, Andreas OberdoriF, Simon Ober-
dorfF.
RoscH, Conrad,
ScHOENBACH, Susanna ; m. May 10.
Witness, Mich. Neek, Christian Kayser, Simon Gale-
meyer, Jacob Neek.
Schwartz, Johann Peter,
ScHERRiN, Anna Catharina; m. May 10.
Witness, Adam Probst, Joseph Brown, Breyan Wikelson,
Jacob Brickel, Georg Adam Rockenberger.
Edwards, Josua,
Hill, Elisabeth; m. May 17.
Witness, Thomas Edwards, Martha George.
Schneider, John Ralph,
Hughes, Christina; m. May 19 by a license.
Witness, James Backer.
Schmidt, Henrich,
Billwerton, Phoebe; m. May 27.
Witness, Georg Biggerton, Daniel Mill, Hans Georg
Hagebach.
Jonas, Joachim Henrich,
KrÜgerin, Catharina Elisabeth; m. May 27.
Witness, Joh. Christian Krüger, Caspar Bertram, Joh.
Jung Clemes Spicy, Hans Georg Unfelt.
Weisbert, Adam,
Steuberin, Barbara; m. June 4.
Witness, Georg Wambold, Jacob Geiger, Philipp
Steuber, Michael Steuber, Hans Martin Curfaess.
88 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
HuTHMANN, Christian Friedrich,
Stolldergerin, Anna Catharina; m. June 4.
Witness, Capt. Morris' wife, Elisab. Stolldergerin,
Barbara Stolldergerin.
Heyler, Friedrieh,
FiESLERiN, Christina; m. June 5.
Witness, Johann Friedrich, Ranninger and w., Maria
Barbara, Elisabeth Fiesler, Anna Margar. Hummlerin.
Sorg, Philipp Jacob,
MiLDENBERGERiN, Susanna Magdalena; m. June 10.
Witness, Johann Georg Mildenberger, Hans Georg
Reiss.
SoRG, Adam,
Franckenbergerin, Anna Maria Catharina; m. June 10.
Witness, Johann Philipp Reiss, Andreas Kessler,
Nicolaus Nagel.
Janvier, James,
Austin, Sarah; m. June 10 by a license.
Witness, Joseph Arborer, Mary Williams.
KiTMORE, Thomas,
Poor, Margaretha; m. Jime 11.
Witness, Daniel Conduit, Cornelius Glassen, Henry
Grey.
Kappel, Johannes,
Weisen, Elisabeth; m. June 14.
Witness, Dan. Burghardt and w., Mich. Wentz and w.,
Lor. Spatz, Bernh. Brand and w.
Bach, Henrich,
Stoeblerin, Anna Catharina; m. June 24.
Witness, Joh. Georg Tannecker, Christian Gauch,
Wendel Laux, Peter Schuster.
May, Joh. Georg Philipp,
Bernhardtin, Maria Margaretha; m. June 24.
Witness, Mr. Apoth. Schneider, Johannes Dellger,
Christoph May, Elisabeth Kiebeck.
Records of Marriages. 89
Facundus, Jacob Ferdinand,
LiTziNGER, Maria Elisabeth; ni, June 28.
Witness, Gottlieb Henrich Facundus, Joh. Friedrich
Ramminger, Jacob Rainau, Comrade Edelmantz.
Rambo, Gunner,
Peterson, Eleonora; m. June 29.
Witness, Frederick Holstein^ Nicholas Jones, John
Griffin, Jeremia Rambo.
Schauer, Johann Philipp,
Bettingern, Dorothea; m. July 3.
Witness, Jacob Bettingern, Andreas Bettingern, Joh.
Siegm. Schauer, Henr. Schwalbach.
MÜLLER, Andreas,
Hahnin, Elisabeth; m. July 15, the children to be Lutheran.
Witness, John. Gottfr. Kunsmann, Georg Thomas Heim-
berger, Joh. Carl Schacha.
Stoeller, Henrich,
Gerlachin, Anna Margaretha; m. July 19.
Witness, Adam Fuchs, Joh. Georg Huber, Friedrich
Berghardt.
Rex, Abraham,
Bastianin, Anna; m. July 26.
Witness, Wichard Müller, Daniel Endt, Jacob Hegy,
Johannes Rupp.
Brand, Jacob,
Henrith, Hanna; m. July 27 by a license of the governor.
Leus, Josias,
MiLDHAHNiN, Dorothea Margaretha; m, July 31.
Witness, Martin Koch, Johannes Bender, Rudolph
Stoltz, Elias Eleonard.
Hoffmann, Martin,
Weikerin, Barbara; m. August 11 by a license.
Witness, Christian Lehmann, Georg Weiker, Daniel
Preise, Andr. Hoffmann.
Mills, John,
Baccusin, Maria Elisabeth; m. August 8.
90 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Witness, in presence of the parents in their house.
DiNSMER, Johannes,
Nicken, Anna Maria; m. August 10.
Witness, Paul Dinsmer, Jacob Nick, Wilhelm Neck,
Michael Neck, Michael Christ, James Backer.
Gilbert, Georg Christoph,
Stoesin, Maria Salome; m. August 21 in the church before an
unusual numerous company.
Berens, Johann Daniel,
Unfries [Humphreys?], Mary; m. August 22.
Witness, Mary Hopkinson.
Lampader, Dietrich,
Benderen, Eva Maria; m. September 4.
Witness, Conr. Lampader and wife, Josua Lampader,
Johannes Lampader.
Robeson, William,
Flemmerin, Anna Maria; m. September 4.
Witness, David Hamilton, Jonathan Davis, Daniel Mc-
Cay, Margaretha Hamilton.
Schneider, Johannes,
LÖWENGATTER, Susanua ; m. September 7.
Witness, Christian Schneider, Georg Ebbele, Henry
Dodney.
Betzler, Jacob,
Rieblettin, Maria (widow) ; m. September 9.
Witness, Georg Curfaess and wife, Anna Maria Sockin.
Frick, Michael,
Wartin, Maria Margretha; m. September 11.
Witness, John Borrough, Christoph Beyer, Georg
Christoph Eberle, Daniel Mutschler.
MÜLLER, Michael,
Maternin, Christina; m. September 25.
Witness, John Brain, Michael Drappel, Henrich Stein-
metz.
Klein, Georg,
Steinmetz, Catharina; m. September 30.
Records of Marriages . 91
Witness, Friedrich Steinmetz and w., Sybilla, Conrad
Steinmetz^ Daniel Steinmetz.
Wagener, Johann Nicolaus,
Christmannin, Anna Margretha; m. September 30.
Witness, Georg Ludwig Crusius and wife, Anna
Margretha.
Bruder, Michael,
FiNCKiN, Ilse; m. September 30.
Witness, Daniel Finck, Jacob Bruder, Maria Agnesa
Finckin.
Maengen, Ernst,
Ernstin, Catharina ; m. October 7 by a license.
Witness, Henrich Potts, Jacob Nick and w., Anna
Margretha, frau Pottin.
Hussey, Richard,
McMuLLiN, Mary; m. October 8.
Witness, Thomas Read, John Dunraven, Elisabeth
Strinckle.
Schauer, Johann Siegmund,
Hannamannin, Anna Maria; m. October 9.
Witness, Joh. Georg Beutemann, Philip Schauer,
Henrich Schwalbach, Michael Schubert.
Beutemann, Johann Georg,
Bettingerin, Dorothea; m. October 11.
Witness, Philipp Schauer and wife, Joh. Siegm.
Schauer, Adam Wilhelm.
Pfannenkuchen, Andreas,
RoNNiNGERN, Elisabeth; m. October 16.
Witness, Johannes Pfannenkuchen, Hanna Pfannen-
kuchen, Johannes Kraut, Philipp Roht.
Pfey, Andreas,
Lackin, Sophia; m. October 18.
Witness, Justus Riebekampf, Jacob Müller, Philipp
Wentz, Nicolaus Weber.
92 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Bradley, John (widower),
Robinson, Mary (widow) ; m. October 18.
Witness, John Cooper, Nicolaus Mühlberger.
Brunn, Johann Reichard,
Rudolphin, Elisabeth; m. October 29 in the parents' house.
Witness, Johannes Oswald, Philip Moser, Jacob Ferdi-
nand Facundus, the groom's father and the bride's mother.
RuDLE, Johannes,
SoEFFERENS, AppoUonia ; m. October 29 in the parents' house.
Witness, Johannes SöfFerens and wife, Bender,
junior, frau Habbacher and others.
Walter, Johann Martin,
KiRRMANNiN, Magdalena; m. October 30.
Witness, Michael Kirmann, Georg Kirmann, Marcus
Kirmann, Susanna Kappele, Anna Catharina Andreas.
Henrich, Johann,
Triplerin, Maria Catharina; m. October 30.
Witness, Johann Caspar Kraess, Peter Kramer, Jacob
Pertsch, Abraham Tannenhauer.
Richmond, Charles,
Bayly, Elisabeth; m. October 31.
Witness, James Rich, Margret Ford, Michael Kappel.
Weiss, Henrich,
Hammannin, Anna Maria; m. November 4.
Witness, Johann Jacob Müller, Johannes Weiss and w.,
Maria Magdalena.
Donovan, John,
Strinckle, Elisabeth; m. November 5.
Witness, Thomas Read, Richard Hussey and wife,
Mary.
Honold, Hans Georg,
WoLFFiN, Regina; m. November 6.
Witness, Hans Jacob Bauch, Johann Michael Wolff,
Anna Margretha Wolffin and frau Clemmer.
Records of Marriages . 93
Lang, Christoph,
Weiss, Margretha; m. November 12.
TVtness, Jacob Tiegel, Johann Georg Reis, Georg
Gaudy, Carl Wilhelm Rosshay.
Wein, Jacob,
Read, Sarah; m. November 18.
Witness, Andreas Heyl, Nicolaus Aut, Patrick Porter,
John Wyan.
Pop, Johann Jacob,
MoLACHiN, Maria Elisabeth; m. November 20.
Witness, Julianus Paulus, Michael Beck, Johann Peter
Steyerwald, Joh. Henrich Schläsmann, Friedrich Flecker-
stein.
Atkinson, William,
Kreemer, Catharina; m. November 20 by a license.
Witness, John Higgins and w., Elisabeth.
Weidner, Johann Christoph,
KiNEMANNiN, Anna Catharina; m. November 25.
Witness, Joh. Georg Andreas Weidner, Andreas Müller,
Henrich Escherich and w., Jacobina.
Stauch, Johannes,
LoHRAiN, Catharina; m. November 29.
Witness, Johannes Lohra, Johan Caspar, Friedrich
Wollbert, Henrich SchaefFer, Georg Kreiss.
Trost, Johann Conrad,
Temmin, Sophia Elisabeth; m. November 29.
Witness, Johann Philip Preysing, Christoph Meinicke.
Schlimmer, Christian,
Meyerin, Maria; m. December 1 by a license.
Witness, Christoph Rabens, Georg Hütner (junior),
Georg Rabens.
WiLLouGHBY, Henry,
LÖSCHETTIN, Margretha; m. December G by a license.
Witness, Christian Warner, Peter Müller and w.,
Samuel Wacker, Alexander Delayne.
94 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Unger, Georg,
BussoN, Mary; m. December 6.
Witness, Alexander Sattler, John Diemor, Christian
Spengler, Samuel Furness.
Von der Heyde, Johannes,
Schnellin, Catharina; m. December 23.
Witness, Georg Savage, Margretha Pantleonin.
Taubert, Johannes,
OwER [Owen?], Sara; m. December 24.
Witness, Catharina Baldeweker, John Ower, Edmond
Ower, Conrad Taubert.
Anno 1760.
EcKARDT, Andreas,
Kniedlerin, Catharina Margretha; m. January 1.
Witness, Henrich Boeckle, Hans Georg Kniedler,
Johann Georg Kneidler.
Haase, Jacob,
ScHLOESsiN, Catharina; m. January 13.
Witness, Matthaeus Stimmel, Zacharias Paulson, Susanna
Clossin.
Yarnall, William,
Chance, Mary; m. January 30 by a license.
Witness, William Richester, Samuel Hampton, John
Scott, Edward Grissis.
HoHLWEGER, Johann Georg,
BoEHMiN, Anna Maria Elisabeth; m. February 5.
Witness, Simon Gallenmeyer, Michael Dietrich, Hen-
rich Rohn, Adam Fuchs.
Fischer, Michael,
Winter, Elisabeth; m. February 20 by a license.
Witness, John Rocherson, Magdalena Buntein.
MÜLLER, Peter.
Braunin, Barbara; m. February 20.
Witness, Johann Müller, Georg Nonnemacher, Maria
Müllerin.
Records of Ma7-riages. 95
Harff, Johannes,
Nagel, Anna Maria; m. February 26.
Witness, Joh. Balth. HariF, Johannes Seybold, Andr.
Theus, Math. Zimmerman.
Werners, Johann Georg,
Weitmännin, Margretha; m. March 2.
Witness, Christ. Friedr. WolfF and w., Anna Christina,
Christina Sophia WolfF, Cathar. Salome WolfF (daugh-
ters).
Massey, Wight,
Taylor, Eleonor; m. March 3 by a license.
Witness, Christoph Ludwig and wife, Cath. Elisabeth.
TiMNER, Johann Joachim,
Temmin, Maria Juliana; m. March 4.
Witness, Johann Fritz, Caspar Geyer, J. J. German-
traud, Andreas Burghardt.
Massey, Samuel,
Mifflin, Sarah; m. March 6 by a license.
Witness, Charles Massey, Georg Jenkins, Mary Mifflin,
Elisabeth Massey.
Thomas, John,
Carelow, Susanna; m. March 10.
Witness, Goodson Carf, Hanna Francis.
Weiss, Friedrich,
Waegerin, Cath. Magd. ; m. March 11.
Witness, Johannes Weiss, Johannes Stromm, Johannes
Schneider, Bernh. Brand.
Wessel, John,
Wells, Hannah; m. March 12 in my room.
Johnson, Benjamin,
Staehrin, Maria; m. March 13.
Witness, Conr. Staer, Caspar Johnson, William John-
son, Joseph Johnson, Henr. Debries.
Brooks, Andrew,
BuRCK, Mary; m. March 14 by a license.
Witness, Robert Tyler, Ann Jobson.
g6 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Graessle, Johann Friedrich,
Vögeln, Sophia; m. March 18.
Witness, Gottf. Murr, Henr. Andr. Nagel, Henr.
Rudolph Stoltz, Pauly Hoffmann.
Ring, Conrad,
TruckenmÜller, Juliana Philippina; m. March 15 by a license.
Witness, Johann Martin TruckenmÜller and w., Jacob
Gross and w., Mr. DeLeher.
Keen, William,
Gaelerin, Dorothea; m. March 24 by a license.
Witness, Adam Gaeler, Nathaniel Bradford, Sara
Gaeler.
ScHRAUT, Peter,
Feuersbachin, Anna; m. March 28 by a license.
Witness, Johann Müller, Peter Müller, Ludwig Nonnen-
macher, J. M. Walter.
Haerle, Joh. Georg,
Schellerin, Margretha; m. March 30.
Witness, Christoph Kinsinger, John Tacy, Caspar
Bertram, Georg Curfaess.
Aloes, Georg,
Fanning, Nelly; m. March 30 in my lodgings.
Haffener, Johann Philipp,
Hammern, Anna Maria; m. April 7.
Witness, Friedrich Wollbert, Andreas SchaefFer, Abel
Hess, Johannes Hess.
Schwabe, Johann Adam,
Hartmannin, Maria Martha; m. April 8.
Witness, Georg Ott, Caspar Sauter, Jacob Schwab,
Mar. Magd. Hartmannin.
ScHREYER, Johann Martin,
Wahlin, Anna Rosina; m. April 8.
Witness, Martin Wahl and w., Anna Sybilla, Johannes
Seng and w., Elisabeth.
Ingle, John,
LovEGREAVE, Mary; m. April IG.
Records of Marriages. 97
Witness, Robert Cook, Mary Earner.
Knau, Johann Adam,
HuBERiN, Margretha; in. April 17.
Witness, Conrad Huber, Adam Fuchs, Jacob Bender,
Ludwig Bej'er, Georg Mich. Leber.
ScHNAUFFER, Johann Georg,
HoFFMANNiN, Catharina ; m. April 20.
Witness, Christoph Haensmann, Nicolaus Aut, Johannes
Taubert, Edmund Ower.
Krug, ]\Iichael (widower),
KoHLERiN, Jacobina (widow) ; m. May 4.
Witness, Michael Dietrich and w., Magdal., Jacob
Fuchs, Jacob Dietrich, J. M. Truckenmiiller Vorsteher.
Anderson, Charles,
Whatt, Jeanny; m. May 4.
Witness, William Valentine and w., Catharina,
Catharina Lecok.
Day, Richard,
Gibson, Margretha; m. May 4.
Witness, James Lyon and w., Dorothea.
Hoffmann, Paul,
Rademachern, Maria Regina; m. May 6.
Witness, Gottfr. Murr, Henrich Nagel, Joh. Fried.
Kraessle, Dietr. Lampader.
Dietrich, Christian,
Kattemeyerin, Maria Rosina; m. May 6.
Witness, Peter Schwartz, Peter Dehaven, Peter Mahn,
Michael Schubert.
Potts, John,
Davis, Hanna; m. May 6.
Witness, Daniel McWayh, Jerem. McVagh, Johnson
Davis.
Rebhuhn, Johann Bernhardt,
Egin, Susanna; m. May 6.
Witness, Philipp Heyl, Georg Heyl, Elisabeth Kerely.
98 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Dietrich, Jacob,
Wagenerin, Elisabeth; m. May 11,
Witness, Martin Krehn, Bernhardt Becker, Christoph
Grehn, and the Vorsteher.
WiNCKLER, Ludwig,
Köchin, Margretha (widow); m. May 13.
Witness, Christian Beck, Henrich Nagel, Hans Georg
Kubeier.
Heintzelmann, Johannes,
Fischern, Anna; m. May 13.
Witness, Peter Dreyer, Sebastian Fritz, Tobias Adam
Koenig, Johann Lorentz.
Fischer, Hans Martin,
Claddon, Sarah; m. May 19.
Witness, Jacob Bender, Martin Giinzeler, David
Paetsch, Michael Hirneisen.
Platt, Robert,
Lock, Margretha, a widow; m. May 20.
Witness, William Possel, Archebald Walton, Mary
Bossel (widow).
Fimbell, Johann Georg,
ScHWEMMERiN, Cathar. Barb. ; m. May 26.
Witness, Johannes Fimbell, Johannes Maengen, Georg
Glaess, Georg Schneider.
Sucher, Georg Philipp,
Krugin, Maria Dorothea; m. May 26.
Witness, J. G. Diemer, Michael Weisinger, Michael
Breisack, Hans Georg Kriegemeyer, Philip Jac. Beute-
mann.
Weiser, Samuel,
Levan, Judith; m. May 28 by a license.
Witness, Peter Weiser, Martin Kast, Maria Margretha
Levan.
Ramberger, Johann Jacob,
Kapplerin, Anna Rosina; m. May 29.
Records of Marriages, 99
Witness, Michael Wentz (stepfather) and w., Barbara,
Michael Zeh and w.
Schütterle, Johannes,
SoRGiN, Eva Barbara; m. June 3.
Witness, Georg Eppele, Johann Adam Fuchs, Michael
Kirmann, Michael Halberstadt.
KoBER, Paul,
Herrmannin ; m. June 8 by virtue of a license in Matthaeus
Meyer's lodgings in presence of Georg Schneider.
Blacker, Michael,
KuHNiN, Margretha; m. June 10.
Witness, David Wolff, Michael Nick, Jacob Blocher.
Boecner, Henrich Jurg,
Hermannin, Anna Catharina; m. June 15.
Witness, Jacob Carl and w., Barbara.
Palmer, Joseph,
King, Judea; m. June 27.
Witness, Georg Hellins, Martha Warders, Mary
Hellins.
Graess, Caspar,
Haffnerin, Catharina; m. June 27.
Witness, Peter Dreyer, Henrich Emrich, Johannes
Laub, Jacob Reiser.
LiNCK, Johann Friedrich,
Tieffenthalerin, Anna Maria; m. July 1.
Witness, Andreas Tieffenthal, Philip Ruberter, Peter
Fiis, Caspar Jäger.
Tag, Andreas,
Eicholtzheimerin, Christina; m. July 1.
Witness, Henrich Schloessmann, Henrich Lutz, Samuel
Thurstein, Adam Haase.
Vetter, Johannes,
Meyern, Susanna Margretha (widow); m. July 1.
Witness, Joh. Ulrich Drifts, Michael Hahn, Johann
Michael Walcker, Andreas Fiigner.
lOO The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Young, Mcatthias,
Hauschilden, Sophia Eleonora; m. July 3.
Witness, William Young, Edward James, John Stang,
Peter Patridge.
Shillingford, William,
Shillingford, Priscilla; m. June 3.
Witness, Elisabeth Shillingford, Philipp Sauermann.
McMicken, James,
Allis, Phebe; m. July 9 by a license.
Witness, Thomas Meyer, Theobytha Meyerin.
Rabjohn, John,
Stutzen, Isabella; m. July 13.
Witness, Edward Pennly, Hugh Low, Isaac Warner,
Maria Barbara Stutzin.
Paulson, Zacharias,
Stollbergerin, Anna Barbara; m. July 14.
Witness, Christian Friedrich Huthmann, Thomas Seller,
Th. Tillier and the rest of the company.
Schütze, Georg,
Dinsemannin, Catharina; m. July 24 by a license.
Witness, Mattheus Schütze (father), Michael Kappel
and others of the company.
Meyburry, John,
LucKENS, Hanna; m. August 2.
Witness, Daniel McVeagh, Joseph McVeagh, Silvanus
Meyburry.
Seckel, Wilhelm,
Roberts, Mary; m. August 2 by a license.
Witness, Johann David Seckel and wife, the groom's
parents, his kinsfolk and others who were present in the
father's house.
Mannon, John,
Henckel, Catharina; m. August 5 by a license.
Witness, Conrad Henckel, Walter Berry, Philipp
Young.
Records of Marriages. loi
Cox, Joseph,
Sudden, Mary ; m. August 1 1 by a license.
Witness, Josua Mitchel, Joseph Lovet, William Roweth,
Benjamin Honour.
NussHAAR, Carl Wilhelm,
Clemmern, Maria Catharina; m. August 12.
Witness, Andreas Clemmer, Hans Henrich Clemmer,
Adam Erven.
Brand, Johann Jacob,
Emsin, Johanna; m. August 12.
Witness, Joh. Lud. Sengeisen, Friedrich Hausmann.
Gross, Johann Friedrich,
Pfanner, Maria; m. August 17.
Witness, Georg Heinrich Gross, Catharina Grossin,
Joh. Christoph Kreiss, Christoph Fischer.
Davis, John,
Rogers, Hannah; m. August 20 by a license.
Witness, Joseph McVeagh, Eliesar Williams, John
Müller, John Evans.
Custard, John,
Thomas, Francis; m. August 20.
Witness, Henrich Hencke, Josua Thomas.
FucHS, Johann Georg,
KiNDERSDOEFFERiN, Catharina; m. August 24.
Witness, Johannes Sommer, Jacob Hermann, Jacob
INIaterna, Jacob Zubbe, Peter Tartar.
Mammoe, Georg,
Thielen, Eva Elisabeth; m. August 28.
Witness, Martin Thomas Johannes Thomas, Samuel
Mammoe, Jacob Mammoe.
Knodel, Jacob,
GuTHiN, Catharina; m. September 7.
Witness, Balthas. Staus and wife, Johannes Maengen
and wife.
Springer, Georg Michael,
White, Mary; m. September 8 in the parsonage.
I02 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Nelson, George,
ToMLiNsoN, Sarah; m. September 13 by a license.
Witness, Johannes Pop, Peter Steyerwald and w., Maria
Magdalena.
Omiller, Johannes,
Weisen, Catharina; m. September 14 by a license.
Witness, Peter Müller, Henrich Müller, Conrad
Schweitzer, Johannes Seiler.
Helm, Leonhard,
Sharpless, Rebecca; m. September 17.
Witness, Samuel Mitchell, Jeanne Mitchel.
Heydelbach, Georg (widower),
ScHUBERiN, Barbara; m. September 27.
Witness, Johannes Peutzer, Georg Eppele.
BiDDLE, Owen,
Parcke, Sara; m. September 27 by a license.
Witness, Richard Tek, William Goffith, Rebecca Car-
malt.
Bridgeons, Thomas,
Wedlock, Mary; m. October 2.
Witness, Jacob Boehler, James Wilckens, Elisabeth
Wedlock, Anna Jeannings.
Datz, Henrich,
Tuchmännin, Barbara; m. October 2.
Witness, Adam Datz, Gerhard Bohlemann, Philip
Later, Balth. Vorbach.
Ebermann, Jacob,
GuTHiN, Christina; m. October 2.
Witness, Johannes Neiss, Simon Vogelgesang,
Matthaeus Adams, Salome Guthin.
Ellis, Robert,
AsHTON, Eunice; m. October 15.
Witness, Richard Davis, Heinrich Stoller.
Spengler, Christian,
Ungerein, Anna Catharina; m. October 16.
Reco7'ds of Marriages. 103
Witness, Georg Paxton, Alexander Sattler, Georg
Unger and w., Junfer Keppelen.
Berckerdt, Friedrich,
RoTHENWALTERN, Elisabeth; m. October 27.
Witness, Leonhardt Kessler and w., Maria, and others
in Kessler 's house.
Jones, Griffith,
Barr, Jennet; m. October 31 by a license.
Witness, John AUen, Matthew Dunlap, Samuel Nelson,
John Barr.
Enderlein, Johann Michael,
Pfeiffern, Anna Barbara; m. Nov^ember 10.
Witness, Paul Rober and w., Leonh. Kessler and wife,
Joh. Philip Sensfelder.
Ries, Andreas,
Hubern, Anna Maria; m. November 13.
Witness, Johannes Ries, Johann Adam Knau and w.,
Margretha.
Roth, Johannes,
Bergin, Dorothea; m. November 25.
Witness, Lorentz Spatz, Johann Berg, Georg Walcker,
Georg Gratz.
Owen, Griffith,
Robeson, Elisabeth; m. December 4.
Witness, David Evans and w., Elisabeth, Jacob Wid-
dows, Sara Backerton.
Schneider, Conrad,
Peterin, Dorothea; m. December 4.
Witness, Jacob Schneider, Anna ^Slaria Schneiderin,
Jacob Graess, Anna Marg. Graessin.
Sommer, Andreas,
Andreasin, Catharina; m. December 4.
Witness, Henrich Hoffecker and wife, Johannes Maen-
gen and w., Veronica, Nicolaus Brosius, Ernst Maengen.
I04 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Johnston, Christopher,
Reinin, Maria Barbara; m. December 9.
Witness, Johann Georg Rein, Philipp Heyt.
Bechtel, ohann Georg,
Schlichtern, Anna Elisabeth; m. December 11.
Witness, Michael Kappel, Michael Wentz, Daniel Burg-
hardt, Georg Hauber.
Trimble, Lewis,
Edward, Margaretha; m. December 15.
Witness, Jane Manchel.
Britt, Robert,
Gaelern, Sara; m. December 20.
Witness, Johannes Adam Gaeler, William Keen,
Johannes Jung.
MÜLLER, Antony,
ThÜmmichin, alias Kiihmlin, Elisabeth; m. December 21 by a
license.
Witness, Conrad Kiihmle, his wife, her sister and
brother David Scheying, Joh. Nicolaus Kiihmle.
Stoess, Johann Jacob,
Wagin, Anna Salome; m. December 23.
Witness, Johann Georg Stoess, Jacob Schutt, Johannes
Sommer, Georg Gilbert, Joh. Michael Schuch, Jacob
Matera.
HiHN, Henrich,
Plessin, Anna Catharina; m. December 23.
Witness, Daniel Grub, Peter Dreyer, Johann Pless,
Georg Stein.
Eberun, Simon,
Stollin, Maria Sophia; m. December 30.
Witness, Georg Nicolaus Kiihmle, Michael Kop, Georg
Seitz, Joh. Philip Sensfelder, Paul Tollman, Christoph
Kraess.
Strohm, Johannes,
Walkin, Eva; m. December 31.
Records of Marriages. 105
Witness, Caspar Sclioen, Georg Wack, William Stevan,
Johann Wilhelm Reed.
Anno 1761.
Irion, Jacob,
Knodeln, Christine; m. January 4.
Witness, Georg Knodel, Georg Everhardt, Georg Martin
Faseler.
BuRGHARDT, Johann Andreas,
Baumän-nin, Susanna; m. January 4.
Witness, Philip Burghardt, Bernhardt Brand, Nicolaus
Zimmermann.
Bisshans, Johannes Thomas,
Münster, Margretha; m. January 6.
Witness, Marcus Münster, Engelbert Lack and the
Vorsteher.
Herter, Michael,
Thielen, Catharina; m. January 6 by a license.
Witness, Georg Thiel, Georg Michael Herter, Elisabeth
Herterin and the Kirchen Rath.
Eckardt, Wilhelm,
Streigen, Maria; m. January 17 by a license.
Witness, Johann Reinhardt Müller, Cath. Streigen,
Johannes Thomas, Andreas Tens.
WiLLLiAMs, Stephan,
Badern, Maria Agnesa; m. January 22 by a license.
Witness, Antony Neiss, Benjamin Flower, Maria
Henrici, Rachel Logan.
Gleditsch, Carl,
Gebhardtin, Regina Barbara; m. January 24 by a license.
Witness, Conrad Bücher, Adam Schmidt, Maria
Catharina Sautern.
Faseler, Georg Martin,
Müllern, Barbara; m. January 25.
Witness, Georg Knodel and w., Jacob Irion and w.,
Peter Rose, frau Weitin.
io6 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Ramstein, Henrich,
Tauffin, Catharina (widow) ; m. January 27.
Witness, Martin Noll and wife, also the whole wedding
company at his house.
Weidebrecht, Christian,
MoRiN, Elisabeth; m. January 29.
Witness, Georg Christoph Weidebrecht, Maria Magd.
Weidebrecht, Barbara Weidebrecht, Balthasar Fleischer,
Johannes Gerlach.
Schneider, Johann Henrich,
KoKELN, Anna Maria; m. February 1.
Witness, Joseph Wardlin, Margretha White, Michael
Schubart, Andreas Bossart, Andr. Rohn.
Penton, Michael,
Verdiere, Veronica ; m. February 2 by a license.
Witness, Nicolaus Bender, Antoine Gabriel and w., Anna
Maria.
Facundus, Johann Conrad,
Done, Martha; m. February 4 by a license.
Witness, Gottlieb Heinrich Facundus, Ferdinand
Facundus, Anna Marg. Facundus.
Lauer, Christian (widower),
Klunckern, Anna Maria (widow) ; ra. February 9.
Witness, Adam Datz, Johann Georg Bohlemann, Joh.
Sebastian Datz.
Knauss, Benjamin,
ScHERiN, Maria; m. February 9 by a license.
Witness, Wilhelm Knauss, Jacob Knauss, Joseph Far-
mer, Wilhelm Johnson.
Coffee, James,
SissoN, Mary; m. February 14 by a license.
Witness, Thomas Coats, Mary Coats and others.
MÜHLEFELD, Gerhardt,
BoETTiNGER, Anna Catharina; m. February 17.
Witness, Georg Schneck, Bernhardt Rehn, Joh. Georg
Sauter, Christian Bick, Johannes Bender.
Records of Marriages. 107
Geyer, Adam,
Mackson, Jane; m. February 21 by a license.
Witness, Matthew Mackson was here before.
Howell, John Latta,
Pascal (Paschall), Frances [note, these names are blotted out
in the Register] ; m. March 1 by a license.
Witness, Richard Shee, William Govett, Clement Biddle.
Smith, James,
Lewis, Anna; m. March 2 by a license.
Witness, Richard Johnston, Abraham Carpenter, Martha
Lewis, Sarah Quinop.
Klein, Georg,
CuRFAESsiN, Louisa Carolina Friedrica; m. March 3.
Witness, Peter Kerse and w., Clara Elisabeth, Anna
Cath. Carfässin and her other daughters, John Facy.
Bauer, Johannes Heinrich,
ScHOENEKEN, Anna Barbara; m. March 5.
Witness, Philip Heyt, Johannes Schütz, Bernhard
Brand, Johannes Franck.
Schmidt, Johann Gerhard,
Beutemann, Barbara; m. March 8.
Witness, Henrich Munnich, Martin Holder, Johann
Adam Teutschenbach, Henrich Schwalbach.
Simon, Johannes,
Wagnerin, Margretha; m. March 9.
Witness, Hans Martin Fischer and w., Sara, Friedrich
Heimer, Anna Barbara Fischerin.
Kraess, Johann Ludwig,
Kayserin, Christina Catharina; m. March 10.
Witness, Jacob Kraess, Georg Jacob Ganser, Peter
Schüttehelm, Anna Catharina Heidemann, Anna Margretha
Draessin.
Billings, John,
Peterson, Catharina; m. March 18.
Witness, Paul Hemmerich, Michael Kappel in his house.
io8 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
TiNDAL, Thomas,
Bass, Elisabeth; m. March 19 by a license.
Witness, Thomas Clear, Catharina Mollin, Georg John-
son, William Hugh.
Wolff, Michael,
Bastin, Margretha; m. March 24.
Witness, Joh. Henr. Klemm, Abel Hess, Agatha Wolffin,
Judith Bastin, Johann Georg. Honold.
Hotz, Michael,
GÜNZLERiN, Catherina; m. March 24.
Witness, Martin Gunzler, Balth. HoiFmann, John
Ronner, Jeremias Traut.
Kayser, Joseph,
ScHNEYDiN, Anna; m. March 30.
Witness, Antoine Gabriel, Conr. Liibold, Joh. Conr.
Schmidt, Mattheaus Jaeger, Phil. Bodewin.
Crothers, Andrew,
CoNNEY, Jany, a widow; m. March 30.
Witness, Robert Love, Anna Barbara Phillips, Anna
Catharina Gattern.
Carleton, Daniel,
Onhill, Elisabeth; m. March 30.
Witness, Joseph Town, Daniel Thomelson, Susanna
Thomalson.
Unangst, Johann Burghardt,
VoGELN, Catharina Elisabeth; m. April 2.
Witness, Johannes Vogel and son, Cath. Dor. Unängstin,
ISIarg. Barb. Unängstin, John Bryar, Ant. Egy.
Bender, Johannes,
Stollin, Anna Maria; m. April 7.
Witness, Johann Georg Schnerr, Jacob Bender, Wil-
helm RafF, Joh. Conr. Schlotterbeck, Georg Kübeler.
BuRRouGH, Isaac,
HuLLiNGS, Abigail; m. by a license April 8.
Witness, Robert Lowe, Elisabeth Hullings.
Thie FENN5YLUANlA-GERnA/N SOCIETY.
INTERIOR UIEW OF ZIO/N'S EUANOELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH.
FORnERLY AT SOUTMEHST CORNER OF FOURTH HND CHERRY STREETS.
SHOWING HISTORIC FULFIT FROH WHICH EULOGY WAS DELIVERED ON CENERBL WASHINGTON
PY GENERAL HENRY LEE.
Reco7'ds of Maj-riages. 109
Davis, Thomas, ,
KiLLOp, Jane; m. April 8 by a license.
Witness, Joseph Dorwill and w., Anna.
Plinsing, Georg Friedrich (widower),
Hertzogin, Anna Catharina (widow) ; m. April 9.
Witness, Andreas Jetter and w., Maria Magdalena,
Johannes Joeter and w., Dorothea, Daniel Ott, Anna Cath.
Engerin.
KoLLENS, Patrick,
Harding, Rachel; m. April 12.
Witness, Patrick McMahan and w., Elisabeth, Will.
Moore.
Keplinger, Peter,
EusTERN, Hanna; m. April 14 by a license.
Witness, Martin Becher, Jacob Euster, Jacob Mack.
Gilbert, Conrad,
Hartenstein, Maria; m. April 16.
Witness, Antony Gilbert, Henrich Funck, John Kayser,
Christina Hartenstein, Sara Gilbertin.
Shirley, Samuel,
Redman, Lydia; m. April 16.
Witness, John Price, Thomas Redman, Jacob Smith.
Meyer, Johann Leonhard,
Ehrenfeuchtern, Maria Magdalena; m. April 23.
Witness, Christoph Ehrenfeuchter, Johann Georg
Schnepf, Johann Martin Nole, Michael Müller.
Lehmann, Michael,
Dielin, Susanna Maria; m. April 23.
Witness, Johann David Nautz, Susanna Dielin, Johann
Carl Chakard, Joh. Phil. Weissmann.
Geyer, Johann Peter,
Woodath, Elisabeth; m. April 26.
Witness, John Woodoth and wife, Sarah (her parents).
Grusch, Georg,
Fadly, Esther; m. April 27 by a license.
no The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Witness, Jacob Graeff, Elisabeth Fadly, Philip Doer-
inger, Conr. Alster^ Christoph Leipold.
Craemer, Jacobs
LoESCHRiN, Ottilia; m. April 30.
Witness, Jacob Gross and wife Christoph Kraess and
w., Barbara Kraemer, Cathar Struckin,
ScHOCH, Johann Peter,
LuTziN, Anna; m. April 30 by a license.
Witness, Johannes Maengen and w., Veronica, Johann
Martin Forster.
SaesleRj Caspar,
Steinmetzin, Maria Margretha; m. May 11.
Witness, Thomas Mitchel, John Right, John Holtz-
inger, Jac. Ketzelmann, Ludw. Nonnenmacher.
Seys, Andreas,
Steinmetzin, Cleophea; m. May 11.
Witness, Johannes Scheufiele and w., Margret, Martin
Noll.
Baetis, Conrad,
Geyerin, Maria Barbara; m. May 12.
Witness, Joh. Fried. Ramminger, Joh. Ferdinand Facun-
dus, Jac. Hahn, Wilhelm Dietz, Joh. Henr. Weber, Mar.
Doroth. Geyerin.
Dendelspeck, Johannes,
Kilgern, Margretha; m. May 21 by a license.
Witness, Friedrich Dendelspeck, Carl Sauter, Fried.
Dendelspeck (filius).
Alter, Johann Jacob,
Willrichen, Elisabeth; m. May 26.
Witness, Georg Fried Beyer, Daniel Klein, Peter
Wüster, Philip Brendel, Georg Rose, Christian Menk and
other relatives.
Hauber, Georg,
Juwis, Salome; m. May 26 in Michael Kappel's house.
Witness, John Reiffschneider.
Records of Marriages.
Ill
Allen, Edmund,
WiLCKisoN, Milliday; m. May 28.
Witness, Morris Fitsgarret, Susanna Fitsgarret, Jane
Condet.
Floyd, John,
Barrett, Jane; m. June 2 by a license.
Witness, Michael Shaw, Thomas Stammer, Philip Milli-
gain, John Wells.
Ruth, Georg Adam,
Noel, Maria ; m. June 3 by a license.
Witness, Johann Georg Ruth (father) and w., Appo-
lonia, in the father's house, Joh. Ad. Fuchs.
Kees, Caspar,
Blochern, Christina; m. June 4.
Witness, David Wolff, Michael Blocher, Michael Dor-
meyer.
Jones, Peter,
Price, Martha (a widow) ; m. June 4.
Witness, Mary Evans, John Gottfried Hahl and w.,
Jacob Fritz.
Platz, Adam Nicolaus,
LouiT, Barbara; m. June 9.
Witness, Johannes Wagener, John Baldwin, John Jacob
Waggener, Anna Justina Stotzin, Wilhelmina Hessin.
Henrich, Christoph,
PooTiN, Anna Maria; m. June 11.
Witness, Peter Poot, Hans Georg Kriegemeyer, Martin
Weisbach, Adam Küster, Johannes Schmidt.
Beaks, John,
May, Deborah; m. June 12 by a license.
Witness, Thomas Lawry, Felix Fitspatridge, John May,
John Morfey, Allen Shiles.
Henrich, Johann,
Buschin, Catharina; m. June 15 by a license.
Witness, Joh. Georg Gallemeyer, Simon Gallemeyer,
Michael Gamper, Georg Adam Schmidt.
112 The Pennsylvania- German Society,
Wescomby, Samuel,
Holder, Mary; m. June 15.
Witness, John Thomas and w., Susanna, William Griffin,
Schubert, Johann Michael,
FiESELERN, Elisabeth; m. June 25.
Witness, Georg Fried. Heydel and w., Christina (the
bride's sister), and a large company in their house.
Arnold, Christoph,
Weidebrechtin, Barbara; m. July 2.
Witness, Christoph Weidebrecht, Christ. Fried. WolfF,
Conr. SchafFnet, Michael Herb, Valentin Bracht.
Marsh, Joseph,
Bazelee, Sarah; m. July 4 by virtue of a license.
Witness, John Bazelee and w., Elisabeth (her parents).
Hertzog, William,
PiLLGERN, Eva; m. July 9 by virtue of a license.
Witness, Johannes Pillger and her mother, widow Pill-
gem.
Russ, Johann Georg,
MuRRiN, Maria Margretha, widow; m. July 9 by virtue of a
license.
Witness, Johannes Salome, Philip Hahl, Henrich Nagel,
Balthasar Gunzler.
Brown, Patrick,
Coffee, Catharina; m. July 19.
Witness, John Windford and w., Catharina.
ScHOERT, Christoph,
Imsin, Maria Magdalena; m. July 21 in Martin Noll's house.
Duff, John,
Dannies, Elisabeth; m. July 21 by a license.
Witness, Daniel McCurdy, Thomas Tindall, Thomas
Cleary.
Matthew, John,
Radford, Anna ; m. July 24 by a license.
Witness, Henry Müller, Thomas Tindal, Charles Jones.
Records of Mari-iages. 113
Alexander, John,
Johnson, Margaret; m. July 25 by a license.
Witness, John Knoerr, Elisabeth Jones, Sarah Alex-
ander.
Reiss, Johann Jacob,
Manrow, Susanna; m. July 27.
Witness, Richard Pinyard, Jacob Anderson.
Robert, Peter Adam,
Martinin, Maria; m. July 28 by a license.
Witness, Jacob Müller and w., Philippina, Susanna
Kappelin.
Held, Johann Georg,
ScHREYNERiN, Maria Christina; m. July 28.
Witness, Georg. Thürnes, Abraham Stein, Jomes Lari-
mon.
Tyshung, Peter,
Kelsin, Anna Maria Juditha ; m. July 30 by license.
Witness, Christian Diel, Maria Magdalena Comby,
Rebecca Mifflin.
Cleave, Thomas,
Mullen, Catharina ; m. August 2.
Witness, James Alph, James Ross, Charles Jolinson,
Michael Kappel, Caspar Kies.
Blume, Johannes,
Waltrichin, Catharina; m. August 11 by a license.
Witness, Philip Jung, John Valentin Kern and w.,
Maria Margretha.
Herrmann, Georg,
PoTTiN, Regina; m. August 20 in her father's lodging.
Witness, Henrich Pott and w. (her parents), Christoph
Meyer, Peter Schumacher, Conrad Jung, Peter Jung.
Hardy, Thomas,
SisoN, Sarah ; m. August 20 by a license.
Witness, Thomas Coats, John Coats, William Price,
William Conty, James Conty, James CofFee.
114 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
RoHj Johann Martin,
BisswANGERiN, Barbara; m. October 23, 1760, by a license under
the ministry of Mr. W. ÄlcClanaghan.
Witness, Christian Warner, etc.
TiELEMANN, Gcorg Fricdcrich,
Hellmontin, Philippina Catharina; m. August 24.
Witness, Michael Frappel and w., Salome, Job. Philipp
Fischer and w.
Greunes, Daniel,
Dorsch, Catharina; m. August 25.
Witness, Jacob Fritz, Henrich Woelfling, Joh. Georg
Hauch, Peter Wuster, Jacob Pimpel.
Graig [Craig], Alexander (schoolmaster),
Farment, Sara, a widow; m. August 25.
Witness, Joseph Wilckinson and w., Barbara.
Harris, James,
Lloyd, Catharina; m. August 30.
Witness, Zacharias Friederich, Francis Lloyd.
Schmidt, Georg Adam,
Dubois, Christina; m. September 1.
Witness, Mar. Magd. Dubois, Melchior ImdorfF, Hen-
rich Wölfling, Joh. Walter, Andreas Tens, Joh. Seibert,
Georg Moser.
Whaley, Thomas,
Bailey, Mary; m. September 5 by a license.
Witness, Caspar Kees.
Griffin, William,
Wescomby, Sarah; m. September 7.
Witness, Samuel Wescomby and w., Mary.
MÜHLBERGER, NicolaUS,
Warner, Susanna; m. September 14.
Witness, Jonas Willit and w., Elisabeth (the groom's
mother), Valentin Schmidt and w., Elisabeth, Mary
Gragly, Nicol. Weber.
WiLLSON, Francis,
RoDiRow, Hannah; m. September 15.
Records of Marriages. 115
Witness, William Rodirow, Francis Iwis, Peter Cooper,
Owen Davis.
Glaghan, William,
Davanny, Lucretia; m. September 16.
Witness, Georg Stoes, Hans Georg HafFner, James
Cannel, John Jones.
Aykley, Joseph,
MuLLiNix, Eleonora; m. September 17.
Witness, William Burgk, Joseph Richert, Francis Wald-
rick, William Scharp.
Hildebrand, Johannes,
JuNGLiN, Susanna; m. September 21 by a license.
Witness, Dierck Kayser, Christian Diirck, Friedrich
Gerhardt, Friedrich Becker.
Empson, William,
Imsen, Juliana; m. September 26 by a license.
Witness, John Seggenson, Ralph Marshall, John Wirth,
Schnurr, Johann Henrich,
Dietrichin, Elisabeth; m. September 29.
Witness, Georg Jacob Ganzer, Johannes Huber.
Hafner, Johann Georg,
Engelsin, Margretha; m. October 1.
Witness, Joh. Wilh. Engelf ried, Johannes Köhnsch,
Christian Gally, Jacob Heymisch.
Klein, Joh. Peter Samuel,
Webern, Susanna; m. October 1.
Witness, Anna Margar. Webern, Jacob Lescher, Georg
Lescher, Joh. Nicol. Klein.
Wilson, John,
Lippenkett, Grace (a sister to Hannah Rodirow, Willson) ; ra.
October 1 by a license.
Witness, Samuel Thomas and w., Mary (Grace's sister).
Klepper, Johann Henrich,
Hauchin, Christina; m. October 4.
Witness, Michael Moll, Cornelius Sturges and w.,
Mary.
ii6 The Pennsylvania- Gerfiian Society.
DiEL, Johann Achilles,
BiEBLERiN, Maria Rosina; m. October 11.
Witness, Albertina Braunin, Jac. Schilling, Andr.
Stahl, Joh. Georg Straeper.
ScHLOESSMANN, Henrich,
LoHRMANNiN, Catharina ; m. October 19.
Witness, Nicol. Weber, Martin Katter, Andreas Lohr-
Mann.
Lesly, Robert,
Meyerin, Rosina Barbara; m. October 25.
Witness, Caspar Bertram, Matthaeus Schellhorn.
Cody, Carl,
Bream, Rebecca; m. November 2.
Witness, Theobald End, John Neiss and wife.
Catcham, Deudas,
BoxTON, Margretha; m. November 2.
Witness, Sarah Catcham, his mother, Anna Barbara
Alberti, Sus. Barb. Handschuch.
Bender, Johannes,
Welschin, Elisabeth; m. November 3.
Witness, Jacob Bender, Philip Bender, Joh. Georg
Kubeler, Catharina Klein, Susanna Kleinin.
RosT, Johann Balthasar,
Schirmann, Anna; m. November 3.
Witness, Joh. Leonhard Rost, Josua Warden, Henr.
Andr. Nagel, Maria Elisabeth Beck.
KiRBY, William,
Hahnin, Catharina; m. November 7 by a license.
Witness, Wilhelm Karst and wife, Jacob Schneck.
Gray, Henry,
Skidmoore, Margretha; m. November 18.
Witness, Johann Georg Brosch,Anna Maria Schneiderin,
Catharina Margretha Eckardtin.
Langmeyer, Johannes,
Eberhardtin, Elisabeth; m. November 19.
Records of Marriages. 117
Witness, John Haberset, Daniel Lody, Juliana Ger-
lachin.
Metz, Johann Georg,
TiEFFENTHALiN, Anna Barbara; m. November 19.
Witness, Caspar Geyer, Leonh. Weber, Joh. Henrich
Coats, Peter Helm, Maria Margretha Tieffenthalin.
Gaetze, Johannes,
Baten, Dorothea; m. November 23 by a license.
Witness, Georg Eberhardt, Christoph Henckel, Jacob
Buck.
Dickinson, Cadwallader,
Draper, Mary; m. November 23 by a license.
Witness, Robert Right, Thomas Bliss, John Dickenson,
Jacob Potts.
NÄGELE, Jacob,
Jennings, Anna; m. November 30.
Witness, Johannes Naegle and w., Eva Cathar., Joh.
Georg Ruth and w., Cathar. Appolonia, Georg Adam
Ruth and wife.
Crips, Philipp,
Thomas, Tabintha; m. November 30.
Witness, Robert Ellis and w., Eunice, Mercy Schweigart.
Weber, Georg,
Rothin, Elisabeth; m. December 1.
Witness, Arnd Hassert, Cliristoph Henckel, Dietrich
Holtzhauser, Georg Franck.
Bastian, Daniel,
Steigerin, Anna; m. December 1.
Witness, Thomas Wollber and w., Eva (the bride's
sister), Seb. Datz, Henr. Stoellier, Christian Busch, A. M.
Stoellerin.
Walter, Johann Martin,
Russin, Anna Barbara; m. December 1.
Witness, Joh. Georg Russ and w., Maria Margretha,
Johannes Salomo.
iiS The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Young, George,
McDaniel, Jane; m. December 2 by a license.
Witness, Thomas Tindale, Richard Moister, Margretha
McDaniel.
Fagan, Charles,
Buckley, Deborah (widow) ; m. December 7 by a license.
Witness, Elisab. Buckley (her mother), Joh. Fried
Sälie.
ScHNAUFFER, Johau Gcorg,
Use, Winy; m. December 13.
Witness, Anna Use, Benjamin Forster.
Fannan, Patrick (widower),
Erwan, Susanna (widow) ; m. December 1 6.
Witness, John Rose, Margretha Lord.
Brosch, Johann Georg,
EcKARDTiN, Catharina Margretha; m. December 29.
Witness, Joh. Georg Knoedler and w., Anna Cathar.
(the bride's parents), Joh. Georg Knoedler, Conrad
Knoedler, Conrad Schneider.
Anno 1762.
Lewis, Lewis,
Richardson, Deborah; m. January 7 by a license.
Witness, Joseph Moore, Dan. King, Mary Moore.
Weissmann, Georg Philip,
WoLFFiN, Catharina Salome; m. January 12.
Witness, Johannes Weissmann and w., Margar. Barbara,
Christ. Fred. WolfF and w., Christina, Joh. David Nauty.
Franck, Georg,
HuTHEN, Mary Elisabeth; m. January 19 by a license.
Witness, Michael Dietrich and w., Anna Magdalena.
Buck, Johann Jacob,
Schmidtin, Elisabeth; m. February 2.
Witness, Johannes Buck, Johann Henrich Schmidt,
Valentin Schmidt, Wilhelm Gerhardt, John Millson.
Rcco7ds of Marriages. 119
Behlert, Jacob,
Edwards, Lydia; m. February G by a license.
Witness, Job. Friedrich Handschucb, Susanna Barbara
Handschuchin.
Schneider, Felix,
Ohlin, Maria Barbara; ni. February 9.
Witness, Ludwig Germann, Georg Faseler, Job. Georg
Rose, Elisabeth Döringerin.
Bergmann, Johannes,
Stotzin, Anna Justina; m. February 11.
Witness, Job. Hein. Nagel, Job. Marcus Beck, Job.
Weidmann, Job. Zacb. Schneider, Abel Hess, Nie. Kraft,
Ludwig Hess.
Reynolds, James,
RiEBLiN, Judith; m. February IG by a license.
Witness, Samuel Moore, Joyse Warmer, Charity
Dokker.
ZoELLNER, Johann Nicolaus,
NÄGELIN, Susanna; m. February 17.
Witness, Johannes Nägele, Jacob Nägele, etc., in the
home of the bride's father.
Jeffrys, William,
Douglass, Elisabeth; m. February 23.
Witness, James Bossel, Richard Gardiner and wife,
Elisabeth.
FisGART, Morris,
FisGART, Susanna; m. March 1.
Witness, Sus. Barbara Handschuchin.
Metz, Johannes,
Pfeyin, Anna Barbara; m. March 7.
Witness, Johann Nicolay Pfej^ Philipp Jacob Gott-
schalck. Job. Jac. Rheinthaler.
Weber, Leonhardt,
Beckin, Elisabeth; m. March 9.
Witness, Hans. Wolff Gemeinbart, Marcus Weyfort,
Johannes Diel, Job. Mich. Herrmann, Daniel Bender.
] 20 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Adam, Johannes,
ScHÄTZLERiN, Catharina ; m. March 11.
Witness, Joh. Barth. Schätzlein, Philip Weinmer,
Leonh. Lasser, John Schwein, Anna Barb. Weimerin.
WiLLYBY, Henry,
Seckeln, Susanna; m. March 13 by a license.
Witness, Johan David Seckel and w., Elisabeth (par-
ents) and the rest of the company.
Hayesheimer, Christopher,
Gilbertin, Sara Elisabeth; m. March 18 (banns read the last
time Dom. I., p. Epiph.).
Witness, Henrich Funck, Henrich Gilbert, Conrad Gil-
bert, Christoph Gilbert, Jacob Kayser, Matth. Adams,
Theobald End.
Beck, Johann Andreas,
EsHERiCHiN, Eva Margretha; m. March 16 in the house of the
bride's parents in presence of the groom's father, Johannes
Weber and wife.
Edmund, Thomas,
Hassing, Anna Maria; m. March 21.
Witness, John Diggy, Sus. Barb. Handschuchin.
Hecht, Antony,
Schneiderin, Sophia; m. March 30.
Witness, Martin Schneider, Michael Schneider, Jacob
Kern, Georg Adam, Leopold Philipp, Jac. Wack, Sophia
Weber.
Culin, William,
CuLiN, Sara; m. April 5 by Rev. Muhlenberg.
Witness, Andrew Culin, Georg Culin, Georg Culin
(junior).
Spielmann, Joh. Philip,
WoLFFiN, Anna Marg. ; m. April G.
Witness, Thomas Meyer (junior) and w., Margareth,
Wilhelm Schneider, Joh. Frey, Elis. Eddesn, Sar. Heynsin.
Records of Marriages. i2i
Tannecker, Georg,
Herrger, Margretha; m. April 12 by a license.
Witness, Peter Osius, Jacob Parall, Joseph Jung,
Magdal. Osius.
Gries, Johannes,
Pertschin, Catharina Barbara; m. April 13.
Witness, Johannes Gries, Jacob Pertsch, Balthasar
Haake, Friedrich Hoeltzbeck, Michael Hoventer.
Boettinger, Jacob,
Simon, Anna Maria; m. April 13.
Witness, Hans Georg Rheinthaler, Andreas Boettinger,
Johannes Büchler, Ludwig Joetter.
Schuster, Andreas,
Bussert, Rebecca; m. April 20.
Witness, Jacob Kiebeler, Henrich HaufF, Elenora
Hauffin.
Peters, Henry,
Ironfield, Elisabeth; m. April 29 by a license.
Witness, Johannes Peter Peters, Margretha Stoll-
bergerin.
Heidle, Leonhard,
GuTMÄNNiN, Elisabeth; m. May 11.
Witness, Stephan Gutmann, Joseph Johnson, Melin
Hall, Joh. Georg Hagenbach, Bernhard Kreutz.
Greiffenstein, Johannes,
GÜNTZLERIN, Maria Dorothea; m. May 13.
Witness, Joh. Martin Gäntzler, Peter Dick and wife,
^Michael Hotz and wife and sisters and sisters-in-law.
Grack, Solomon,
Leidin, Anna Maria; m. May 10.
Witness, Joh. Conr. Steiger, Joh. Georg SchäfFer,
Paidus Croninger, Jacob Schumacher.
Clason, Cornelius (widower),
Berey, Elisabeth (widow) ; m. May 20.
Witness, Judy Sander her mother-in-law, Josias Leech.
122 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Weidner, Johann Christoph,
Engelkardtin, Anna Margretha; m. May 31.
Witness, Joh. Georg Weidner, Joh. Peter Weidner, Joh.
Michael Weber and w., Catharina.
Booth, Thomas,
Farmer, Catharina; m. June 7 by virtue of a license.
Witness, Wilcox Philipps, John Baldwin, Jacob Conaus,
William Stromback.
Wolff, David, widower,
Kayserin, Margretha, widow; m. June 8.
Witness, Jacob Wolff, Caspar Kies, etc.
LocHMANN, Nicolaus,
Schultzin, Anna; m. June 10 in Wilhelm Stadelmann's house in
Merion Township [Ardmore].
Heyl, Philipp,
Zieglerin, Jacobina; m. June 10 by a license.
Witness, Georg Heyl, Johann Manekel.
VoLCK, Matthias,
ScHMiDTiN, Catharina; m. June 14 by a license.
Witness, Johannes Hess, Nicolaus Hess, Johann Adam
Volck.
Davis, Michael,
Coleman, Ann; m. June 16 by a license.
Witness, Jacob Ferdinand Facundus, Johann Georg
Eppele.
Bender, Daniel,
Englertin, Sophia Susanna; m. June 29.
Witness, the groom's mother, the widow Benderin, and
the bride's father, Mr. Englert, and many friends and
neighbours.
Paul, Georg Tobias,
TocKE walterin, Eva Barbara; m. July 1.
Witness, Andreas Brechel, Georg Eppele, Georg Klein,
Michael Dietrich.
Kratz, Johann Georg,
Peuschin, Dorothea Margretha; m. July 8.
Records of Marriages. 123
Witness, Joh. Friedrich Peusch, Joh. Schweitzer, Jacob
Schneck, Carl Ewald, Bernh. Brand.
Wilson, Robert,
Ryal, Elisabeth; m. July 15.
Witfiess, Matthaeus Jung and w., Sophia Eleonora,
Joseph Georg Ryal, Mary Ryal.
Klein, Michael,
Stollbergerin, Anna Elisabeth; ni. July 17.
Witness, Christian Friedrich Huthmann, Zacharias
Paulson, Andreas Stollberger.
Reinhardt, Georg,
Duftin, Maria Magdalena; m. July 22.
Witness, Christoph Beyer and w., Susanna Reinhardtin,
Wilhelmina Hessin.
Seitz, Georg,
Zeiglerin, Maria Elisabeth; m. July 27 in presence of her
mother, sisters and kinsmen.
Mills, Alexander,
Kenon, Ann; m. July 29 by virtue of a license and the consent
of her father.
Witness, George Ronnold, Eva Barbara Kuhn, Eva
Magdalena Hubelen, Sus. Barbara Handschuchin.
Stadler, John Caspar,
ScARisBROOK, Maria Elisabeth; m. July 30 by a license.
Witness, Carl Leonhardt, Polly Stanley, John Benton,
Heathcote Johnston, Sarah Francklin.
Wolff, Johannes,
Reinecken, Magdalena; m. August 3.
Witness, Joh. Adam Wolff and w., Maria Magdalena,
Matth. Abel, Conrad Schlemmer, Chr. Fried. Beyer.
MucKELMAY, David,
Mickwicker, Margareth; m. August 4.
Witness, John White, John Mukelmay, Henry Kenon,
Archebald Foster.
ScHÄFFER, Jacob,
Crikry, Maria Magdalena; m. August 5.
124 '^^^^ Pennsylvania- Ger^nan Society.
Witness, Valentin Schmidt, Christian Menx, Will. Ger-
hard, Nicolay Millberger, Christian Gab.
Feberetz, Adam,
Oberstegin, Anna Catharina (widow) ; m. August 5.
Witness, Johannes Jung, Daniel Schell, Joh. PhU..
Schmidt and others.
Taub, Johann Dietrich,
Beckern, Anna Juleanna; m, August 8.
Witness, Nicolay KrafFt, Joh. Daniel Meylander, Anna
Cath. Keppele, Eva Barb. Kuhin.
Plumstead, Thomas,
Coats, Mary; m. August 16 by a license in Mr. Coats' house.
Witness, Mr. Coats, James Penrose, Mrs. Coats, Thomas
Penrose.
Neif, Michael,
Matthews, Ann (a widow) ; m. August 23, by a license.
Witness, Patrick Long, Sarah Gerret.
Ott, Johann Peter,
KoECHLERiN, Sophia Catharina; m. August 24.
Witness, Christoph Englert, Leonhardt Ott, Joh. Jac.
Ott.
Stakhouse, Robert,
Hellings, Susanna; m. August 2G by virtue of a license.
Witness, William Hellings, Ruth Hellings, Mary
Hellings, Charles Roberts, John Watkins, John Hastings.
Ernst, Valentin,
Knoerrin, Philippina Elisabeth; m. August 29.
Witness, the parents-in-law, stepfather Mängen, Martin
Schnepf, Georg Eppele's children and others.
Kirch, Caspar,
RiELY, Elisabeth; m. September 5.
Witness, Benjamin Archardt, Hanna Harris, Johann
Georg Krag, Barbara Krag.
Grimes, William,
Marin, Elisabeth; m. September 10 by virtue of a license.
Witness, James Blager, Patrick Cayn.
Records of Marriages. 125
MiNHOLD, Valentin,
Elliot, Nancy; m. September 15.
Witness, Henry Trimbel, Lewis Trimbel, David Rees,
Mary Trimbel, Margretha Trimbel.
Anderson, Christopher,
Sayers, Elisabeth; m. September 15 by a license.
Witness, John Gardiner, Joseph Kees, Elisabeth Homes,
Barbara Egert.
Schneider, Johann Peter,
Hesterin, Susanna; m. October 19.
Witness, Georg Schneider, Jacob Häuser, Johann Ham-
mer, Johannes Tripler, Catharina Vogel.
GuTHMANN, Georg Michael,
HiELERiN, Margretha; m. October 19.
Witness, Jacob Blocher, Caspar Kees, Georg Michael
Heck, Michael Blocher.
Ross, Michael,
Kaugarin, Elisabeth; m. October 19.
Witness, Henrich Steinmetz and wife.
Klauer, Wilhelm,
Steyerwaldin, Margretha; m. October 21.
Witness, Caspar Kräss, Conrad Leibrand, Friedrich
Wieger, Catharina Steywaldin.
Shute, Joseph,
Nichols, Sarah; m. October 23 by virtue of a license.
Witness, William Haworth, Georg Atkins, James Chap-
man.
Kasselberg, Paul,
Beyerin, Susanna; m. November 1.
Witness, Dürik Kasselberg, Abraham Beyer, Andreas
Beyer, John Schrack, Elisab. Kasselberg.
Schneider, Johann Zacharias,
WoLFFiN, Anna Eva Elisabeth; m. November 2.
Witness, Father Wolff, Peter Draess, Matthaeus Abel,
Martin Burghardt, Matthaeus Hohl.
126 The Pennsylvania- German Society,
Fish, Isaac,
Young, Grace; m. November 9 by virtue of a license.
Witness, Peter Mildenberger and w., Anna Catharina.
Green, Peter (widower).
Day, Mary; m. November 7.
Witness, Charles Anderson and w., Jany, Elisabeth
Steel, Margaret Johnson.
Bryan, John,
Unängstin, Catharina; m. November 8 by a license.
Witness, Mother Cunigunda Unängstin and the bride's
sister Marg. Barbara Unängstin.
Philipps, Joseph,
Kern, Anna; m. November 18.
Witness, Peter Lampferd, Catharina Ringin, Maria
Magdalena Clemens.
Horn, Johann Adam,
Stollbergerin, Margretha; m. November 26.
Witness, Mr. Huthmann, Zacharias Paulson, Georg
Eppele and the rest of the friends present.
Or, Edmund,
Parker, Elisabeth; m. November 29.
Witness, Johannes Tauber, Lydia Or, Elisabeth Or,
Joh. Jac. Bender.
CusTOR, Johan Adam,
Pfüsterin, Anna Marg.; m. November 29.
Witness, Joh. Philip Spielmann, and the rest of the
company.
BuRMANN, Samuel,
Ehrenfeuchtin, Regina Rosina; m. December 5.
Witness, Christoph Ehrenfeucht, Fried Chakart, Peter
Hahn.
RoBAUST, Christoph,
Rothin, Anna Cath. ; m. December 6.
Witness, Cath. Robaustin, Bernh. Brand and w., Eva
Barbara, Jos. Roth, Rosina Rothin, Cath. Robaustin,
Lorentz Spatz, Georg Kratz.
Records of Marriages. 127
Roberts, Thomas,
Fox, Mary; m. December 8 by a license.
Witness, Jacob GräfF (senior), Jacob GräfF (junior).
Hess, Michael,
Spunin, Dorothea; m. December 8 by a license.
Witness, Henr. SiJanseiler, Georg Honey, Georg Klein
in Honig's House.
RiEL, Jacob,
WoLFFiN, Christina Sophia; m. December 9.
Witness, Christ. Fried. WolfF, Adolph Riel, Johannes
Kuhn, Ludw. Wirth, Johannes Weismann, Georg Thürmer.
Martin, Samuel,
Morgan, Esther; m. December 13 by a license.
Witness, Joh. Peter Steyerwald, Lorentz Mahn, Joh.
Ludw. Reit.
Truckmüller, Philipp,
Reisen, Catharina; m. December 19 by a license.
Witness, Joh. Martin Truckemüller and wife as par-
ents, Philip Heyt and w., Mr. Hagelgans and w.
Alter, Georg Friedrich,
Richtern, Maria Dorothea; m. December 26.
Witness, John Scot, Susan. Maria Richter, Mar. Barb,
and Sus. Cath. Lindenberger, Frantz Henr. Kemmel,
Jacob Schwab.
Mahn, Peter,
Zimmermann, Maria (a widow) ; m. December 28 by a license.
Witness, Sara. Elis. Mahnin, Valentin Beyer and wife,
Martin Ries and wife, Adam Erben and w., etc., etc., etc.
Anno 1793.
MÜHLEFELD, Johann Friedrich,
Steinin, Catharina Margretha; m. January 18, 17G3.
Witness, Wilhelm Stein, Georg Jung, Martin Robet-
tinger, Georg Schneck, Wilhelm Lawmann.
128 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Beckmann, Samuel,
Owen, Rachel; m. January 18 by a license.
Witness, Jacob Pertsch, and the whole wedding com-
pany.
Leibrand, Conrad,
Stutzin, Elisabeth; m. January 18.
Witness, Joh. Phil Bergmann and w., Anna Justina,
Andreas Ring, Georg Henr. Leibrand.
Basstone, Henry,
Hazelton, Mary; m. January 27 by a license in my house.
Statelmann, Michael,
Wynn. Sarah; m. January 29 by a license.
Witness, Jacob Behlert.
SÜssHOLTz, Adam,
Fagan, Elisabeth; m. January 29 by a license.
Witness, Leonard Heward, Elisab. Berry, Theodora
Berry, Mary Berry.
Boettinger, Andreas,
Scheffnerin, Anna Catharina; m. February 1 publicly in the
church, before a large company.
Schaber, Albrecht,
DuNsiN, Anna Sabina; m. February 8.
Witness, Joh. Philipp Fischer, Sebastian Wildfang, Jac.
Wolff, Sebast. Sauleder.
Kinsinger, Joh. Georg,
Wollmern, Anna Cath. ; m. February 8.
Witness, Joh. Georg Merger, Andreas Ring and wife,
the bride's mother, Anna Magd. Kinsingerin.
Sledy, William,
Brown, Mary; m. February 8.
Witness, Matthew Dunlap and w., Anna, John Lasson.
Gabel, Johann Peter,
Weitzeln, Elisabeth; m. February 15.
Witness, Conr. Wagener, Joh. Fried. Leim, Philip
Roerich, Georg Weisbach.
Records of Marriages. 129
Seytel, Johann Philipp,
Ottin, Appollonia; m. February 15.
Witness, Joh. Jacob Ott, Joh. Georg Brusch, Jacob
Koechler.
Thiel, Nicolaus,
Meyerlin, Anna Maria; m. February 21.
Witness, Conrad Meyerlin, Joh. Georg Sauter, Andr.
Hoffmann, Johann Fahns, G. C. Meyerlin.
Germann, Ludewig,
Beyerin, Elisabeth; m. February 26.
Witness, Georg Beyer and w., Elisabeth.
WiLLsoN, Salomon,
CoFFLiN, Sarah; m. March 2 by a license.
Witness, William Busson and w., Elisabeth, Georg
Ungerer and w., Mary, John Coop.
Kast, Christoph,
Wernerin, Catharina; m. March 6.
Witjiess, Johann Jacob Mitschet.
Beyer, Georg Friedrich,
Scheyingin, Elisabeth Margretha; m. March 17.
Witness, the old Wolff and wife, Conrad Schlemmer and
wife, frau Kiihmlin and the sugar baker Beck.
Halloway, John,
Papin, Mary; m. March 20.
Witness, Robert More and w., Sally, James Black,
Robert Smith, Anna Deprofort.
SiEGMUND, Michael,
Schnepfin, Margretha; m. March 21 by virtue of a license.
Witness, Michael Dietrich and w., Elisabeth, Thomas
Morfy.
Lynn, Robert,
Shellingsford, Elisabeth; m. March 31.
Witness, James Shillingsford, William Shillingsford
and w., Priscilla and others.
Pope, Emmanuel,
HuBERiN, Catharina (widow) ; m. April 4.
130 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Witness, Henrich Stoetzer and wife, Peter Büchler and
w., Georg Friedr. Dielmann and wife.
ScHREYT, Johann Philip,
LuDEWiGiN, Elisabeth; m. April 4.
Witness, Henrich Ludewig, Cleophea Zeissan, Johannes
Schreyt, Barbara Vögeln.
Karst, Johann Wilhelm (widower).
Kochin, Catharina (widow) ; m. April 5.
Witness, John Nägele, Joh. Andr. Forster, Jacob
Nägele, Anna Clemmer and many others.
Oberdorff, Caspar,
Chambers, Mary; m. April 6.
Witness, William Chambers, Jean Le Conny, Elisabeth
Toys, Anna Leech, Ebigail Toys.
Heck, George Michael,
ScHüMACHERiN, Anna Catharina; m. April 14,
Witness, her mother the widow Faulguier, Georg
Michael Gutman and wife, the bride's sister.
Ungerer, Christian,
KocHiN, Anna Barbara; m. April 19.
Witness, Jacob Koch, Georg Hirt, Georg Koescher,
Peter Hegender, Dan. Scheller.
Rees, William,
Adams, Kesaia; m. April 20.
Witness, James Hendricks, Whitefield Smith, John
Hallowell, Mary Smith.
Buttler, John,
Gordon, Mary; m. April 25.
Witness, Mary Preston, Jany Green.
Shillingsford, Robert,
Gutergunst, Christine; m. April 30.
Witness, William Shillingsford, Elisabeth Shillings-
ford, Robert Lynn.
Dorn, Johann Just,
Plefflerin, Margretha; m. May 2.
Records of Marriages. 131
Witness, Maria Margretha Dornin (mother), Carl
Baumann, Franz Senner, Friedr. Cliakard, Jacob Kehr.
LoHRA, Johann Caspar (widower),
Langin, Sophia (widow) ; m. May 5.
Witness, Johannes Hauch, Georg Friedrich Wollber,
Mich. Dieter, Henr. SchäfFer, John. Mich. Schwerer.
Graven, Abraham,
Canon, Eleonora (widow); m. May 11.
Witness, John Heaten, Squire Heaten, Elisabeth Heaten,
Elis. Gibson.
KoENiG, Peter,
Homers, Mary ; m. June G by a license.
Witness, Georg Stoess, Valentin Koenig, Johannes
Westeberger, Anna !Maria Koenigin, Catharina Sählerin.
Heyward, John,
King, Catharine, widow; m. June 16 by a license in the prison.
Witness, James Doltin, the wife of John Mitchel, Samuel
Wallis, Nath. Allen, Thorn. Lupton, Mr. Maher.
Braun, Georg Simon,
Reichmännin, Anna Maria Elisabeth; m. June 21.
Witness, Peter Braun, Wilhelm Kerls and w., Johannes
Schweitzer and w., Balthes Guntzler.
Hahn, Peter,
ScHMiDTiN, Maria Magdalena; m. June 23.
Witness, Bernh, Hahn and w., Anna Maria, Henr. Rein-
hardt, Grg, Adm. Pfüster, Henrich Weber, Peter Moser.
Gruber, Eberhard Ludewig,
Peyin, Christiana; m. June 26.
Witness, Rev. past. Hornell, Anton Steiber, Justus
Fuchs, Henr. Guthmann, Fuchsen, Anna Augusta
Stieberin.
Schwartz, Friedrich,
Davis, Rebecca; m. June 28.
Witness, Herrmann Orner and w., Margretha.
132 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Stollberger, Johann Andreas,
Berens, Maria Magdalena (widow) ; m. July 3.
Witness, her two sisters and their husbands.
Bazelee, John,
Veal, Martha; m. July 3.
Witness, John Smith and w., Elisabeth.
Zimmermann, Christoph Ludewig,
Krebsin, Magdalena Catharina; m. July 7 in their lodgings.
Witness, Friedrich Weiss, Lorentz Spatz and w., Maria
Magdalena Zimmermannin.
Calbert, James,
GwiNNip, Eleonora (widow) ; m. July 8.
Witness, Andreas Anderson, Benjamin Hughkins,
Robert King.
Heyl, Georg,
Ohmenzettern, Sophia; m. July 14 by a license.
Witness, Mother Heylin, Philip Heyl and w., Joh.
Manckel and w., Georg Honig.
Brown, James,
Roe, Roe; m. July 16 by a license.
Witness, Jeremiah Chew, Samuel Brown, Fany Davis.
Hart, Isaac,
Gibson, Sarah; m. July 19 by a license.
Witness, Robert Cross, Joseph Jenckins and wife,
William Hannah.
Pierce, John,
Boone, Rebecca; m. July 21 by a license.
Witness, Peter Boone and w., Mary.
Bryan, John,
Boone, Barbara; m. July 27 by a license.
Witness, Jacob Bertsch, Joh. Georg Wacker.
Krauss, Joh. Georg,
HuBERiN, Elisabeth; m. July 28,
Witness, Eberhard Diel, Johann Martin Minnhold,
Cath, Dor. Mannin, Elis. Wolffin, Elisabeth Fägley.
Records of Marriages. 133
CuLiN, William,
Justice, Rebecca; m. July 28 by a license.
Witness, Zachar. Cox, Henry Linck, Peter Matson, Anna
Boone.
Kleim, Georg,
FuNCKiN, Anna Barbara; m. August 2.
Witness, Jacob Kleim, Friedrich Touis and wife
Dorothea, Christian Touis and w.. Use, Catharina Funckin.
Zeigler, Christoph,
Neumannin, Susanna; m. August 4.
Witness, Johannes Holtzinger, Barbara PfeifFcrin,
Johannes Neumann, James Brown and wife.
Guy, Danvers,
BoYT, Christina; m. August 14 by license.
Witness, Johann Gottfried Hahl and w., Sarah.
KuHMLE, Georg,
ThÜmmichin, alias Müllern, Elisabeth; m. August 23 by a
license.
Witness, frau Kiihmle, Georg Friedrich Beyer and wife,
Joh. Manckel and wife, Philip Heyl and w., Jacob Weiss,
etc.
GuiLLKEY, Samuel,
Bevan, Mary; m. August 25 by a license.
Witness, Edward Davis, Joseph Hallowell, Eleonora
Colston.
Gill, William,
Stahlin, Regina Catharina; m. August 27.
Witness, Michael Hohlich and w., Susanna Dorothea,
Johannes Wolff and w., Magdalena.
Heppersett, John,
Blanckenhorn, Susanna; m. August 29 (for Rev. pastor Müh-
lenberg) .
Witness, Jacob Heppersett, Henry Heppersett, Daniel
Lady, John Langmeyer, Nicolaus Fairlamb.
LoESCHER, Jacob,
Herrmannin, Anna Maria; m. August 29 in their lodgings.
134 '^^^^ Pennsylvania-German Society.
Witness, Joh. Georg Oppele, Berenstecher and
the rest of friends present.
Dedier, Richard,
Gill, Rose; m. September 4.
Witness, John Andrews, Charles Davis, Mary Andrews,
Anna Ralph.
Wolff, Joh. Michael,
Eckhardtin, Sybilla; m. September 6.
Witness, Jacob Wolff, Hans Georg Brodbeck, Joh.
Martin Holder and w.. Christian Maengen.
Settler, Georg Friedrich,
Eberhardtin, Maria; m. September 8.
Witness, John Winter, Andrew Bankson, Jonathan
Wood, etc.
Potts, Jacob,
Draper, Sarah; m. September 10 by a license.
Witness, Callwalader Dikenson, Mary Delany.
Reiter, George,
Mortin, Rebecca; m. September 11.
Witness, Israel Mortin, Sarah Cribb.
Eggensweiler, Georg,
EsBON, Margretha; m. September 12.
Witness, Adam Gross, Cathrina Gordin, Barbara
Grossin.
Warran, Henry,
Bearcy, Sarah; m. September 18.
Witness, Cornelius Clason, Edmund Allen and w., Milli-
day. Vasty Robinson.
Confer [Comfort], Jacob,
GoLDiN, Margaretha; m. September 19 by a license.
Witness, Christian Schneider, Jacob Rau and others.
Bamberger, Joh. Michael,
WoLFFiN, Catharina Margaretha; m. September 20.
Witness, Jacob Wolff and w., Catharina, Georg Ziegler,
Joh. Caspar Koenig, Margretha Wolffin, Margretha
Stauch.
Records of Marriages. 135
Pauli, Christian Dietrich,
FÄHNLEN, Anna Margaretha ; m. September 22.
Witness, Jacob Schneider, Jacob Gras, Christoph Eberle,
Philip Spiehnann, Henr. Schumann, Gottf. Heins.
Reese, Abel,
Wilson, Violet; m. September 30 by a license.
Witness, Daniel Reese, Jacob Pertsch.
Hunt, Peter,
Weiley, Ann; m. October 24< by a license.
Witness, Antony Prichard, Andrew Turk, William
Malmsbuw.
Pentz, Georg,
Lauxin, Margaretha; m. October 27.
Witness, Joh. Jac. Laux (father), Franz Wolff, Con-
rad Rohrmann, Georg Draescher, Fried. Plensing, Joh.
Henr. Rohrmann.
ScHAUFF, Daniel,
Beuterin, Catharina; m. November 1.
Witness, Joh. Georg Beuter, Joh. Lampater, Georg
Lampater, Simon Heydel, Joseph Häffle.
Aston, Georg,
Phipps, Hannah; M. November 5 by a license.
Witness, Georg Eston, Joseph Jenkins, Stephen Barth-
olomew.
Leech, Henry,
Man, Susan ; m. November 7 by consent of both parents.
Witness, Susanna Barbara Handschuch.
MecCombes, John, widower,
Bradshaw, Mary, widow; m. November 7.
Witness, John Evans and w., Mary, Barbara Preston,
Jenny Ellis.
Sanderson, William,
Shmith, Anna; m. November 29.
Witness, Fried. Langenfield (serj.), Henry Shreyak,
Georg Covell, Thomas Morfoot.
136 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Heed, John,
Krämer, Eleonora; m. November 22, with consent of his master,
Mr. John Coats.
Witness, Friedrich Wäger, John Matthews, Veronica
Johnson, Esther Buck.
Grau, Friedrich,
PippERT, Elisabeth; married and baptized November 29 by virtue
of a license.
Witness, Peter Hahn, Jacob Edeborn, Stephan Zurch,
Elisabeth Hahnin, Maria Catharina Hahnin.
CooMAS, Allwood,
Claypole, Sarah; m. November 29 by virtue of a license.
Witness, Joseph Shute, Capt. Walter Goodman and
Mrs. Goodman, Margaretha Lemon.
Brown, Clarck,
HiNCKLE, Christine; m. December 2 by virtue of a license.
Witness, John Graebbele, in his house, the bride's
brother Hinckel, and many others, mostly English.
FiLMo, Jacob,
BoECKiN, Anna Catharina; m. December 4.
Witness, Henrich Maengen and w., Anna Margretha,
Christian Koeinek and w., Rosina Barbara.
DowLiNG, James,
Parison, Mary (widow); m. December 18.
Witness, Patrick Toe and w., Margaret, Jane Landers,
Sarah Biddle, Martha Ladomor.
Reinhold, Johann Friedrich,
FuNCKiN, Anna Catharina; m. December 27.
Witness, Joh. Georg Honold and w., Johannes Kiinsch,
Caspar Kiinsch, Agatha Wolffin, Anna Maria and Anna
Barbara Kiinschin.
Heillings, Marcus,
Shilling, W^illimina; m. December 28 by a license.
Witness, Peter Mildeberger and w., Anna Cath., Isaac
Fish and w., Grace.
Records of Marriages. 137
Zenck, Christoph,
Weidebrechtin, Magdalena; m. December 29.
Witness, Christoph Weidebrecht, Christ. Weidebrecht
(junior), Christoph Arnold, Christian Zenck, J. G. Zenck,
Michael Koehler.
Lassert, Matthias (widower),
MoLLiN, Catharina (widow) ; ra. December 29.
Witness, Christoph Heydel.
Anno 1764.
SuppLEE, Andrew,
TiMBERMANN, Mary; m. January 5.
Witness, Peter Dehaven.
Kappel, Johannes,
MoRRiN, Elisabeth; m. by license February G.
Witness, Johannes Maengen, Carl Ehrhardt, Catharina
Sommer.
Flach, Johann Philip Ehrenhardt,
Pfeilin, Catharina Salome; m. February 7.
Witness, Susanna Barbara Handschuchin.
Jones, Thomas,
Or, Lydia (widow); m. February 18.
Witness, Edmund Or and w., Nicolaus Henrich and w.,
Johann Dan. Meylander.
Gabel, David,
Reinhardtin, Catharina; m. February 21 by a license.
Witness, Johannes Maengen and w., Veronica (the
bride's mother), Henrich Maengen, Nicolous Brosius.
Hughes, William,
Schnurrenberger, Maria; m. March 3 by a license.
Witness, Cadwallader Dickenson, Philippina Schnur-
renbergerin.
Dyke, Job,
Dedier, Elisabeth; m. March 10.
Witness, Susanna Barbara Handschuchin.
138 The Pennsylvania- German Society.
Bock, Johann Caspar,
RoBisoN, Margaretha; m. March 22.
Witness, Georg Friedrich Wollbert, John MacBright.
Springer, Philipp,
Albern, Eva Maria; m. March 27.
Witness, Joseph Alber (the father), Johann Jacob and
w., Anna Maria, Friedrich Springer, Reymund Fischer,
Joh. Bachmann.
CocHAN, John,
TiTUEM, Elisabeth; m. March 28 by a license.
Witness, Jacob Reinthaler.
Pearson, Samuel,
Wynn, Mary; m. March 31 by a license.
Witness, Joh. Georg Baehler, Joseph Coulton, William
Warner, Isaac Warner.
Elemont, Joseph,
Cox, Catharine; m. April 5 by a license.
Witness, Samuel Jobson, Robert Ellis, John Ford,
Eunice Ellis.
Stutz, Ludewig,
Graeflv, Catharina; m. April 11.
Witness, Christian Koerner and w., Barbara, Peter
Hayes and w., Juliana, Joh. Christoph Schneider and w.,
Anna Eva.
Harff, Conrad,
Riesin, Anna; m. April 23.
Witness, Joh. Balthas. HarfF, Johannes Ries and w.,
Anna Maria, Nicolay Müller, Philip Schlater.
Wagener, Nicolaus,
PfÜsterin, Magdalena; m. April 23 in the parents' house, in
presence of Johannes Delcke and many others.
Redman, Thomas,
Crayg, Isabella; m. April 26.
Witness, Thomas Robinson, Sus. Barbara Handschuchin.
Butner, Elias,
Edwards, Elisabeth; m. May 10 by a license.
Records of Marriages. 139
Witness, Henry Fritz, Robert Harrison, James Asliton,
Sarah Moore, Mary Bonum.
Penrohe [Penrose], John,
Power, Fanna (a widow) ; m. May 28.
Witness, Georg Honold and w., Regina.
Gebhardt, Johann Georg,
Schneiderin, Rosina; m. June 10 in Jacob Pertsche's house.
Witness, Bernhardt Krief, Nancy Warner, Johan Georg
Hagenbach and w., Catharine.
Robins, Samuel,
Evans, Hannah; m. June 21 by license.
Witness, Benjamin Worthington, Mary McEntyre.
Telcke, Johann Joachim (widower),
ScHEYiNGiN, Anna Elisabeth; m. June 25 in Georg Friedrich
Beyer's house.
Witness, Conrad Kühmlin and w., Georg Friedrich
Beyer and wife, Nicolaus Wagener and wife.
BossETT, Francis,
DixoN, Sara; m. July 16.
Witness, Alexander Carlisle and w., Mary Deborah
Waggon.
Buchler, Johann Nicolaus,
MÜLLERN, Anna; m. July 19 by a license in his sister Walcker's
house.
Witness, his mother, brother-in-law Walcker, Mr.
Trösten and w., Mr. Beyer and w., frau Riesin, etc.
Paul, Peter,
Thüringerin, Anna Maria; m. July 26 in the parents' house
in presence of Nicolaus Brosius, Mr. Hassart and w.
and others.
SwANSON, William,
Boon, Mary; m. July 31.
Witness, William Carson, Robert Armstrong, Sally
Cribb.
Fuhrmann, Michael,
Eysin, Catharina; m. August 5 for Rev. Muhlenberg.
140 The Pennsylvania-German Society.
Witness, Johannes Weyl and w., Barbara, Jeremias
Hornkacher and w., Anna Catharina, Barbara Hahlin,
Jacobina Sensfelder.
Meyer, Johann Jacob,
JoBSTiN, Anna Maria; m. August 7 for Rev. Muhlenberg.
Witness, Philipp Sommer, Leonh. Bauer, Georg Rubel,
Jacob SchäfFer, Rosina Barbara Koerner.
Ernst, Daniel,
Sommern, Anna Catharina; m. August 12 in his house.
Witness, Matthay Hohl and w., Martin Schnepf,
Andreas Pertsch, and others.
GoETZE, Johann Carl,
ScHENCKiN, Catharina; m. August 23 in Mr. Pennington's sugar
house.
Witness, Peter Sings, Georg Horter, Hinrich Hesse,
Michael Stirn.
Cope, John,
Dartsthe, Martha; m. September 3 by a license.
Witness, Timothee Pearce, John Berfield, James Brown.
RÖTSER, Johann Georg,
Pfeying, Anna Maria; m. September 11.
Witness, Joh. Georg Ratser (father), and Cath. Soph.
Ratsern (mother), Syrach Judy and w., Sophia, the
bride's parents and Johannes Harer.
Harding, WiUiam,
Adudel, Sarah; m. September 14 by license.
Witness, John Keen, William Adudel (her brother),
Elisabeth King, wife of John King.
1283
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