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r 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S   MAOAZINB. 

JULY— DECEMBER,  1861. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S    MAGAZINE 


AND 


HISTORICAL    EEVIEW. 

By  SYLVANUS  URBAN,  Gent. 


M  DCCC  LXI. 

JULY  TO  DECEMBER  inclusive. 

BEING    VOLUME  XL  OP   A  NEW  SERIES. 

AKD  THE  TWO-HUNDRED-AND-ELEVENTH  SINCE  THE  OOMMRKCEMEJ<T. 


•T.  lUttff'B  tiATB,  CLKJUiMlWm.b« 

nrs  BsaioiQiDi  or  catb,  the  fouxueh  op  the  omtruDiJiV**  haoakxi,  17M. 
(fn  in  runiTT  atatc,  tvit*,  IB56,} 


LONDON: 

JOHN    HENRY    and   JAMES   PARKER. 

1861. 


1 54«9(> 


PBIIfTIl)  RT  MMBIUI.  PARXBB,  OOBNMARKBT,  OXFORD. 


PREFACE. 


Contrary  to  the  usual  faahion  of  Sylvakus  Urban  in  present- 
ing a  new  volume  for  the  acceptance  of  hia  readers,  he  would  on 
this  occasion  rather  speak  of  the  future  than  of  the  past. 

Though  we  studiously  avoid  the  expression  of  party  views,  and 
therefore  seldom  allude  to  home  politics,  one  measure  of  the  last 
iSeasion  of  Parliament  has  the  appearance  of  ao  affecting  our  position 
that  a  few  wordB  on  it  will  naturally  be  expected  by  our  readers. 
We  know  that,  in'  general,  the}'  are  not  of  the  class  which  expected 
wonders  from  the  repeal  of  the  paper  duty,  and  so  feel  no  surprise 
to  find  tho  price  of  our  publication  the  same  as  before.  The  dif- 
ference to  our  Publisher  is,  as  he  assures  us,  far  less  than  might 
be  expected,  but  any  benefit  arising  from  it  he  is  quite  ready  to 
give  to  our  readers,  and  ho  has  therefore  placed  additional  space 
at  our  disposal,  which  we  trust  will  enable  us  to  treat  with  suf- 
ficient fulness  aU  the  various  matters  that  may  be  fairly  looked  for 
in  the  oldest  Magazine  in  existence,  and  one  which  has  ever  been 
a  means  of  intercommunication  for  the  educated  classes. 

This  little  matt€%  as  wo  trust,  satisfactorily  disposed  of,  we  may 
turn  to  what  our  talented  contributors  have  enabled  us  to  accom- 
plish in  the  volimie  iiow  completed.  First  in  importance  we  may 
fairly  pkce  some  valuable  papers  on  Mosaics,  which  may  be  said, 
without  fear  of  contradiction,  to  give  a  better  view  of  the  subject 
(one  of  much  interest  in  this  day  of  ornamental  building)  than  has 
hitherto  appeared  in  any  periodical  Then  we  have  treated  the 
recondito  subject  of  Cuneiform  Inscriptions  in  a  manner  that  we 
hope  will  commend  itself  as  satisfactory ;  we  have  recorded  the  re- 
markable discover)'  of  Runes  in  Orkney,  and  hope  soon  to  give  an 
authorized  interpretation  of  them  to  the  world,     We  have  chroni- 


^ML  ikt  Vn/ujuiitkf^  of  almcMt  ererr  cxiatiiig  ArcbscJoeical  Si> 
€wCf  y  mil  we  sre  wflfing  to  do  the  Hme  br  any  nev  Societies  that 
mtff  he  fermed.  We  hare  lerieved  in  a  candid  s{Krit  all  the  more 
hKf0'MUaat  woAm  on  cobjectB  at  history  and  biography  that  have 
jeeeaitly  appeared^  and  hare  venUired  on  estimates  of  the  labours 
iHike  iA  the  liogncfhen  of  the  Archbishops  of  Canterbory  and  of 
fliodem  Admindi.  Our  Correspondence  has  been  full,  and  Tarioas, 
tad  m  many  cases  authenticated  by  well-known  names.  In  Uke 
flHomer  we  hare  recorded  the  lives  and  characters  of  all  persons 
of  n«4e  recently  deceased^  Ae  matmalw  in  most  cases  being  the 
eoiktril«tions  of  suriring  friends.  Thns  we  have  still  that  friendly 
eo-cfieration  which  we  have  so  long  enjoyed,  and  which  for  a  very 
lengthened  period  to  come  will  we  trust  justify  our  motto» 

« jr  FLXTMIBUS  UWUIW 


LIST   OF   ENGRAVINGS. 


PAOV 

The  Jerusalem  Chamber 5 

Plan  of  the  Abbot's  Hoxiae  (now  the  Deanery)  and  adjoining 

Bmldings .         ,         ,  ib. 

Plan  of  the  Precincts  of  Westminster  Abbey,  from  a  Map  of 

London  of  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth 10 

Plan  of  the  Jewel-house,  with  the  groining  of  the  Basement         ,  12 
View  of  the  Principal  Chamber  in  the  Basement  of  the  Jewel- 
house,  k.3.  1377-80 13 

Smaller  Room  in  the  Basement  of  the  Jewel-house      .         .         .14 
Ancient  8  word  found  at  Holme -Mil,  Torkshire      .         •         •         .18 

Inscription  to  Bt.  Sadwm .  42 

Cross  at  Carew,  (two  figures) 44 

Incised  Stones  from  Penally,  near  Tenby        ,         .         •         .         ,  45 

Encaustic  TUe  from  Gloucester  Catbedriil 66 

OXTORB  : — 

Phin  of  the  Castle,  reduced  from  King's  Plan  published  in  1796  108 
The  Well-room,  A,D.  1174  ,....,.  109 
Bird's-eye  Yiew  of  the  Castle  in  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth, 

from  Aga8*s  Map 110 

The  Tower  now  remaining,  as  seen  from  the  Mill  Stream    •         ,112 
Booardo  from  the  north  and  south  in  1770,  reduced  from  the  en- 
gravings by  Malchair    114 

Bastion  of  the  City  Wall 115 

Sculpture  over  the  Doorway  of  the  Lady-chapel  .         .         ,116 

RaUingson's  Plan  for  the  Fortification  of  Oxford,  temp.  Chas.  I.  .     117 

Mosaics  t — 

Mosaic  from  the  tomb  of  Gallia  Placidaj  Kavenna,  a,d.  450  {plate)  222 
Plan  of  the  Basilica  of  D'Jomilah       ......     224 

Mosaics  at  St,  Sabina,  Rome      » 226 

Mosaics  in  the  Baptistery  at  Ravenna  *  .  ,  .  ,  ib, 
MomdcB  over  an  altar  in  the  apse  of  St.Yitalis,  Ravenna,  A.n.  547  230, 23 1 
Mosaics  from  the  Chancel  of  StVitalis,  Ravenna,  a.d,  547  ,     232 

Mosaic  on  the  Domical  Vault  of  the  Baptistery  at  Ravenna,  a.b.  553  233 
Mosaics  from  the  Nave  of  the  Church  of  8t  ApoUinaiis  within  the 

walls  of  Ravenna 234,  235 

Mosaics  in  the  Cbapel  of  St.  Zeno,  in  the  Church  of  St.  Praxedcs, 
A.n.  810 348 


71U  LIST   OF    E3(ORA\1^GS. 

rAoi 

ICiiaic  Pivement  (Opua  Alexindrinimi)  at  St.Gement,  Borne, 

i.D.  1200    plate ^ 462 

Interior  of    the    Abbey  Church    of    Martonara,    at    Palenno, 

A.D.  IlliJ— 1139 464 

Inflcrlptioa  in  Mosaic  in  the  Pavement  of  the  Church  of  Murano, 

at  Venice 465 

Specimen  of  Pattern  Mosaic  from  St.  Mark's,  Venice,  circa  1150  467 

Portion  of  Mosaic  in  the  Church  of  the  Nativity,  at  Bethlehem, 

A.D.  1169 469 

Inscripdcn  in  Mosaic  in  the  Church  of  the  Nativity,  at  Bethle- 
hem, A.D.  1169 1^. 

Tribune,  or  Apse,  St.  Clement's,  Eome,  c.  1250  .         .         .470 

Choir  of  the  Church  of  St.  Clement,  Rome          ....  i^. 

Bronze  Marmite,  from  Caudebec-lcs-Elbeuf 254 

Marmite  and  Bronze  Chandelier,  found  at  Loges,  near  Fecamp        .  256 

GraTcstone  from  York^  Fourteenth  Century 423 

The  Rock  of  Bisutdn 486 

The  Sculptures  on  the  Rook  of  Bisutun  .....  »5. 
Objects  found  in  a  Christian  Grave  of  the  Middle  Ages,  at  Etaples, 

in  1861 489 

Marmite,  size  of  the  original 546 

I^orth-west  Bay  of  Chancel,  St.  Mary's,  Stone         ....  586 

Bosses  of  Foliage  in  the  SpandriL$»  Stone 588 

Font,  Cathedral  of  St.  Sorvulus 594 

Capitab  from  the  Cathedral  of  Parvnzo,  Istria«  jl.d.  523 — 526  {plate)  ib. 
Western  Facade  and  Ground-plan  of  Church,  Island  of  St.  Catherine, 

Istria 595 

Oronnd-plan  of  the  Cathedral  at  Tola,  Istria           ....  596 

Bebenico  Cathedral 598 

Two  8cribe«i  from  the  Awrrian  Sculptures    *   %  •                         •  ^^^ 

A  Btjrltti,  found  by  Mr.  LoVtueu  at  Wurka t^. 


THE 

GENTLEMAN'S    MAGAZINE 

AND 

HISTORICAL    REVIEW^ 

JULY,  1861. 


CONTENTS. 

MINOE  CORRESPONDENCE.- Archacolo^oal  Institute  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland.— 

Kent  Arcbeological  Society.— Origin  of  *'  Triforium."— Erratum 2 

The  Jernaalem  Chamber,  3;  The  Abbot  of  Westminster's  House,  8;  Modern 

Buildings,  11 ;  The  Jewel-house    12 

The  Sieges  of  Pontefract  Castle 15 

Ancient  Sword(with  an  Engraving) 18 

From  the  Tyne  to  the  Tweed 19 

Cornish  Tours 27 

Bibliography  of  Normandy 28 

Runic  Inscriptions   29 

The  Priory  Church,  Brecon 80 

Restoration  of  Damick  Tower 82 

ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.— WillB  and  Inventorie*,  temp,  Elizabeth    83 

Discovery  of  Ancient  Graves  in  Deemess,  Orkney  87 

ANTIQUARIAN  AND  LITERARY  INTELLIGENCER.— Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London 
—The  Oxford  Architectural  ana  Historical  Society,  38 ;  Archtnolof^cal  Institute,  53 ; 
British  ArchflcologriciU  Associution,  55 ;  Numismatic  Society,  57  ;  London  and  Middle- 
sex and  Surrey  ArchsDological  Societies,  59 ;  Cambridge  Architectuial  Society,  Gl ; 
Lelcestershhre  Architectural  and  Archsological  Society,  62 ;  Society  of  Autiquaries* 
Newcastle-upon-Tyne  64 

CORRESPONDENCE  OF  SYLVAN  US  URBAN.— Cabalistic  Lore,  66;  A  ReUc  of  the  Great 
Rebellion,  67  ;  **  Curator  Agrorum,"  69 ;  Dean  Goodwin  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford — 
Charges  at  tlie  College  of  Arms— Ueraldic  Query 70 

THE  NOTE-BOOK  OP  8YLVANU8  URBAN  71 

HISTORICAL  AND  MISCELLANEOUS  REVIEWS.— Hope's  EngUsh  Cathedral  of  the  Nine- 
teenth Century,  72;  Knudeen'^  Slesciakse  Provindsial-e/terretninfferflA;  The  Twelve 
Churches;  or.  Tracings  along  the  Watling  Street  — The  Comprehensive  History  of 
India— Flowering  Plants  of  Great  Britain 76 

APPOINTMENTS.  PREFERMENTS,  AND  PROMOTIONS   77 

BIRTHS  77 

MARRIAGES 79 

OBITUARY.— Coant  Cavour,  83;  Prince  Michael  Gortacbakoff,  86:  Vice- Admiral  Sir  R.  S. 
Dundaa,  K.C.B.  — The  Boron  de  Forrester,  87;  Vice- Admiral  Moorsom,  88;  Miss 
Currer,  89;  Rev.  John  Stevens  Henslow,  M.A.,  F.L.S.,  &c.,  90;  Major  Charles 
Naamyth  92 

CLERGY  DECEASED    92 

DEATHS  ARRANGED  IN  CHRONOLOGICAL  ORDER    94 

Bcgiatrar-General'a  Return  of  Mortality  and  Births  in  the  Metropolis  —  Markets,  99; 

Meteorological  Diary— Daily  Price  of  Stocks   100 


By  STLVANUS  TEBAN,  Gent. 


irrSOR  COBXESPOTDESiZE. 


turn  Ihadkm.jrc^ 


Tirie  ivfmvMi  nMniim^  9*11  *i«  h«lct  it 
9SIH,  ;in#f  ^vwwInHifi^  TiMwiav,  Jnly  30th. 

Ml  :«».  )'2  V/4/v4r.    Vcm  Mmtmm  m  the 
^fw*f t«f fiif-^hoiif  ^  tlM  TnuniiKf  CoIlcgB. 

rtrx'omfcf  ^h'xM.     Annttftl  Tmnw  at  tke 

7*A*f  f*/^,  y«r/y  2J>.-  -  P^X4$iir«imi. 
fy«M#«iM  Hf<(^/>rf  y  Mw»  ^.iithMlral»  awl  tiM 

hv  tlv*  fr/^t^sf  at.  fhrt  Wivi^Tim. 

filing fty,  Jwfy  %K  9n\\  choral  aeryiee 
fn  fhA  ^AthMfal.  If,  la  ^pi^M  that  A 
^mr^m  «r»n  M  ^MK^h^  /m  th«  Ofcaaiaa 
hy  ^hA  f//f4  thnh49p  t^  (HtfftA. 

M'lntlttft,  July  2if.  MMitin^a  of  g«c- 
f^ffh*.    Kt^nrtnffTt  in  t-h*  Aftwnfrtni*  KvfiO' 

Tntntlntf,  July  t^l  Anriftal  M'<at{iig  far 
fA#iri}vfrf|(  MfA  AnmiffI  M^porrf a,  f/^  ttniF  #ik<c- 
fl/rfi  /rf  npw  ffiAffifjAfu,  Mfi/f  M/Ji#»r  ^ma)n«<aa. 
An  h'iMtrn'ufU  will  |rrolmM/  tm  «rraaKa<l 
for  fli*»  Affi*rtUf(m. 

Ihh  fifllowinK  VttMtmhfUn  am  pfyi|K»Mi<1f 

«»nmf'tfrl,  Marhoirn,  llarna^'k,  Wftt#T- 

tnie,    WNn«f«rfr|,    hw\    VnnUir,    InHiifUng 

§^^f^^tn\    rufnarkatili*   i«intn|itiia    of  vhurcli 


Acu  Tbomey.  Czowiami  AJixy.  ftftkzrk* 
SertfaboRmi^  ixtmizniv  and  W^- joderadft ; 

WarmiBgiaaiw  ^b.:    sui.    if   pBKEuabla!^ 


EEfT  ABOLEOLOGICAL  30CTETT. 

Tn  Anmal  Mwcm^  will  b*  liakl  aft 
■aidifioiw,  an  Joij  Si.  awi  AnguaK  1. 

OaiGDT  OF  -TBIFQWUM.* 

Xb>  CebaSv— Any  %hft  wkkk  eaa  be 
ftfanank  opiHi  liie  arigm  of  Ae  word 
^triforinm'*  uroat  be  wtikume.  A  nvwas 
same  which  ban  aome  rcaembhoee  to  il 
in  eoatpoaitioa  is  ■*  MiforiHim. "  *  Tint 
ipaa  (jnxU  candon  Krrlwiain  &  FWtri 
Serobeaberiensem )  Bif9riettm  Tocatnr, 
quod  noa  linpiA  GaIIica»  'aate  fGrtam' 
dkimoa."  (Manaaticoa  AngCeanam,  Snd. 
Edit,  1682,  p.  S76  a.)  -  Qai  ncn  Aazlic^ 
dkitnr  Biforieta  qnod  Latine  Bgnificat 
atOe  portam:*  (CarU  regia  Wmelmi,  lb. 
p.  381  a.)  The  word  ia»  therefore,  of  the 
aame  period  aa  "  triforiom^"  which  ia  firat 
oaed  bj  Gerraae,  speaking  of  Canterbury 
CatbedraL     I  am,  Ac, 

MiOKzvzis  £.  a  Walootx»  MJL 

ERRATUM. 

Page  679,  in  the  memoir  of  Mr.  John 
Taylearo,  for  1,100  guineas  read  100 
gnineaa. 

The  Ungih  of  our  Meports  of  Societies 
obliges  us  to  postpone  several  Beviews 
and  Obituaries  which  are  in  type. 


THE 


(i^utleman'fj   Jltirpzin^ 


AMD 


niSTORICAL    REVIEW. 


THE  JERUSALEM  CHAMBERv 

Ttte  Jerusalem  Chamber  now  existing  was  built  shortly  after  tbe  year 
1362.  by  Nicholas  Litlyngton,  abbot  of  Westminster  Few  details  of  his 
life  and  good  works  have  been  committed  to  the  press;  but  among  the 
Cottonian  Manupcripts  is  a  very  interesting"  record,  in  wbicb  many  of  his 
benefaclians  are  enumerated,  and  an  opportunity  la  thereby  afforded  us  of 
entering  in  a  measure  into  the  peculiarities,  and  in  estinmting  the  excel- 
lences of  his  character.  A  short  resume  of  these  will  not  unfitly  introduce 
the  hifitory  and  description  af  an  edifice  with  which  his  honoured  name  is 
indissolubly  associated. 

Nicholas  Litlyngton  was  Prior  of  Westminster  at  the  time  of  Abbot 
Simon  de  Langham's  elevation  to  the  see  of  Ely,  and  was  thereupon 
elected  abbot  in  April,  1362.  He  had  greatly  benefited  the  bouse  while  he 
was  simply  one  of  the  brethren,  especially  by  procuring  the  custody  of  ibe 
temporalities  during  three  vacancies.  On  his  advancement  to  the  chief 
place  of  government  in  his  monastery^  he  shewed  himself  a  most  careful 
and  judicious  defender  of  its  rights,  and  an  unwearied  improver  of  its  pos- 
iessions.  It  appears  that  a  great  etorm  of  wind  had  just  then  made  havoc 
of  the  manor-houses  and  other  buildings,  but  within  three  years  he  rebuilt 
them,  and  left  them  in  better  order  than  they  were  before.  The  abbot's 
house,  from  tbe  foundation,  was  among  bis  new  buildings,  with  the  west 
und  south  sides  of  the  cloister,  the  houses  of  the  bailiff,  infirmarer,  sacrist 
■nd  oetlarer,  a  great  malt-house  with  a  tower,  a  water-mill  and  the  dam^ 
with  stone  walls,  and  a  stone  enclosure  of  the  garden  of  the  infirmary.  In 
tbese  works  he  was  much  assisted  by  the  funds  left  by  his  predecessor. 
He  also  gave  a  mitre  of  the  value  of  a  hundred  raarcks,  a  pastoral  staff  of 
the  value  of  15/*,  a  great  missal  for  the  high  altar,  and  two  silver-gilt 
ehalices.  Also  other  books  of  the  Divine  Offices  to  the  chapel  of  the  abbot 
mud  house  of  the  infirmary ;  and  to  bis  own  chapel,  vestments  and  otber 
sacerdotal  ornaments,  chalices,  censer,  incense -pyx,  bell,  basin,  and  a  pyx 


*  A  pnper  by  tbe  Bev.  Thomas  Hogti,  M^  ,  F.B.A.,  kc,  read  in  the  Jerauileni 
Oiambrr,  at  the  Meeting  of  the  LoDduii  and  Middlest'i  Arcboxjlogical  Sx;iety,  Oct.  25, 
1800.    See  Gent.  Jlxo.,  Jsa  1861,  p*  m. 


i  T7te  Jerusalem  Chamber.  [Ju'Vi 

•/  ».  '.*r  '/.\^..  H«r  also  ffave  to  the  convent  for  their  use  in  the  refectory, 
••Ar«^  ty,  *#•:  "i.'ytXfA  and  nowhere  else,  48  dishes  and  2  chargers,  and 
U%  >'A.V:..»r^  of  ^ilvcrr,  of  the  wcij^ht  of  104  Ihs.  To  the  same  brethren 
*.'^  *',T  •}.«:  rui-'rricordia  house,  and  nowhrre  else.  24  dishes,  12  saltcellars, 
»":  2  '.Kir^j'rr-  of  ••ilver  of  10  lbs.,  weiirhin^  40  lbs.,  and  two  books  of 
'/.f'/r.i*i  ,r.i!  ffjark'rd  X  and  L.  Also  to  his  successors  in  the  abbacy  he  gave 
2\  'i. »?.«•»,  12  "alt cellars,  and  4  chargers  of  silver  of  the  weight  of  64  lbs. ; 
2  '.;••/  jafH  ittf  wiijo,  of  the  weight  of  8  lbs. ;  one  silver  cup  with  a  water- 
j  //  '/f  'j.v«;r  gilt,  value  lOOs. ;  12  silver  plates,  of  12  lbs.  weight;  2  bat<ii:s, 
».*S  2  'MhU-.T.'yy^H  of  hilvcr,  of  10  Ibs.  weight;  and  2  silver  basins  for 
]A/uUtnf*,  of  7  lbs.  wffi^ht.  The  grant  was  dated  at  Westminster,  9lh 
M^y.  i.'J7H.  \u  nrttirn  for  these  benefactions  it  was  ordered  by  the  con - 
^«  ?.♦  ihti*  ;iO«:r  hJM  d«'r:r;aHc  he  should  daily  be  remembered  by  them  in  their 
^tii***  ufit-r  dirin'rr  and  hupper,  and  at  mass,  together  with  the  souls  of  the 
f:tt'M<»I  di'.jfUfiftd.  ile  difrd  on  the  vigil  of  St. Andrew  the  Apostle,  ad. 
l«'}'tC,  ^nd  wa*i  hijri«:d  within  the  entrance  before  the  altar  of  St.  Blase, 
ut.'iif  Si  ihiiihW.  hjab,  decently  adorned,  that  bore  a  long  epitaph  which  is 
if. '.Ml  l»y  Hpoihty  ill  thij  MS.  from  which  these  details  are  taken**. 

Atit'ftur  till!  rooMiM  of  the  abbot's  house,  already  mentioned,  was  the  room 
f  iill'd  till-  .|t-f  ijMiileiit  ('haniher.  It  abuts  at  a  right  angle  on  the  southern- 
»»'»«■.»  of  ih«-  t'.vo  towiTN  whirh  adjoin  the  great  western  entrance  to  the  nave 
•#(  ih«-  !ilib«y,  }iiif|  in  thirly-*.ix  fd'ct  long  and  eighteen  wide.  It  has  two 
in'nU  Ml  p'»iiitii|  wirid'fWM  on  the  west,  and  on  the  north  a  large  square  win- 
d'#-v,  diiid<<l  by  I'i'WKil  innllionN,  histwern  which  are  inserted  among  the  white 
<l>iiiinfii  rifiiir  v<-iy  iiiirirHtiiig  N|)(>(:iin<MiH  of  ancient  glass.  The  chamber 
(<iiif(id  lilhi-i  I  hi'  wiilifiiiiwiii^  nioni  to  the  abbot's  hall,  to  which  it  is  con- 
lij/ii'*iif,iii  I  |f.i.  wiiH  itHi'Hri  (JurHt<!n  llnll  for  the  constant  influx  of  strangers 
VtUn  I'lijif^i'il  ihf  |/,iMid  rthlinrM  hctspilulily.  Some  imagine  it  to  have  been 
II. I  iiltlfiii  n  I  liiipi'l,  liiil  liH  piiNitiiui  inilitates  against  the  accuracy  of  such 
II  hii)ipi»hitiiin.  It  wiiN  nut  tlh'  fn-Ni  tiinr  that  u  chuniber  of  a  similar  name 
•■hipli'd  I'llhci  on  iliif  hHtne  nr  a  nci^Oibouring  spot. 

Tint  fiiihi'nl  hihtfirifal  rrfiMrnn*  to  this  rlinmbor  is  probably  in  the 
nri-iMinl  III  lliH  doulh  nf  llfuiy  IV.,  in  thr  Contiuuaiio  HiatoritB  Croyhnd- 
PHuiii,  wlnrn  it  in  miiit  llml  tin*  Kin^,',  ril>ing  upon  a  deceptive  prophecy, 
|inf|Niwd  to  Mcl  out  fill  ihi'  Iliily  Ciiy  ol  .Irrusnlrm :  but,  fulling  into  mortal 
iiii'liiitM,  diifil  Hi  WihtiiiiiihiiM,  ill  II  rrilain  clmnibor  called  of  old  time 
JtfiiiaiNliini,  Niiil  Nil  fiillllli'tl  lliK  \tiiii  pifilirliiin*'.  Kabyun.  one  of  the  most 
valualiln  iif  iHir  ntd  Kiiiiiliiih  I'lininii  |i<iM,  Kivrn  us  a  very  curious  and  minute 
•isrituiil  of  ihU  iiileii'fliii}(  riiiiiitihiitiii'o.  ||i*  w  reooiding  the  events  of 
Uld  fiuiili'i'iilh  \vn\  ill  IIiki^'b  mikii,  and  tliun  drsoribos  its  sudden 
UrmiiKiliiiii. 

'*  111  lliu  ,>iiiii,  mid  UiMli  iIh^  <iI  Mil-  iiitiiilji  mI  Niiu'iiilti'r.  Hiuii  ^rrut  ooum-il  hoMon.it 

^  M^  I'liH    I  liiMil    \    lUl.n   lt:i,  il.ln.  iM. 

•  A*0i.  4h^I  .>.!.  l»/.i»h..ii    lithi,  iiuii.  i.  p   4ini. 


1861.] 


m«  Jerusalem  Chancer. 


:: 


TbQ  Jerusalem  Chamber. 


PIao  of  Lho  Abbet>  FTouae.  now  the  Deanery  (B),  the  BchrsTitrs   Hall  (A)- 
and  £itch«Q  (C>,  asd  the  JerusaJom  Chamber  (B). 


QlEVT.  NAa.  Voim  CCXL 


JM. 


6  Tke  Jenuakm  Chamber.  U^» 

theWluteFrknofLoBdoB^bjfhewliidi  ttwwsmoiig oilier tldBgieoiidBdcdtlHit»te 
the  Khig'f  gTMt  jooniej,  that  b«  istoKled  Ibr  to  tiJLe  in  Tiil^ 
of  our  Lor4  eeiiain  gsQcTi  of  wv  ihoakl  be  made,  and  other  tmitejeuee  cooceiiung 
the  MHDe  joomej.  Whereopoo  all  heetj  and  poMUeqieed  ww  made;  hot  after  the 
ISeaat  of  ChriatemmMe,  while  he  waa  making  hit  prayen  at  S.  EdwardPf  dirine^  to  take 
there  faia  leare,  and  to  apeed  him  npoo  hia  joomej,  he  heeame  ao  b^  that  woA  aa 
were  about  him  feared  that  he  would  hare  ^ed  r^t  there.  Wherefore  they  for  hia 
eomlbrt  bare  him  into  the  abbofa  plaee  and  lodged  him  in  a  duunber,  and  there  npoo 
a  pallet  laid  him  before  the  fire,  where  he  laid  in  great  agony  a  certain  of  time.  At 
length,  when  he  waa  eomen  to  himaelf^  not  knowing  where  he  wa%  he  freyned  [aaked] 
of  aach  aa  tiien  were  aboot  him,  what  plaee  that  waa ;  the  wluch  ahowed  to  him  that 
H  belonged  nnto  the  Abbot  of  Weatminater,  and  for  he  fdt  himaelf  to  n^  he  eom- 
manded  to  ask  if  that  chamber  had  any  ipeeial  name,  whereonto  it  waa  anawered  that 
H  was  named  Jerualem.  Then  laid  the  King^  'Loring  be  to  tiie  Father  of  UeaTen ; 
far  now  I  know  that  I  ihall  die  in  thia  diamber,  acoor^ng  to  the  prophecy  of  me 
before  laid,  that  I  thoold  die  in  Jeroaalem.'  And  ao  after  he  made  himadf  ready  and 
^Hedihortly  after  1" 

The  account  of  what  maj  be  considered  the  most  interesting  occurrence 
connected  with  this  chamber  would  hardlj  be  considered  complete  without 
some  reference  to  the  scene  of  our  great  dramatist,  although  it  varies  from 
the  authentic  narrative,  in  his  play  of  **  Henry  lY."  The  dying  King  in- 
qoireSi  as  though  half-expectant  of  the  answer, — 
^  Doth  any  name  particular  belong 
Unto  the  lodging  where  I  firat  did  swoon  P^ 

The  Earl  of  Warwick  answers  :^ 

•"Tn  called  Jemialem,  my  noble  lord." 

And  the  King  replies : — 

"  Laud  be  to  Qod !    Even  there  my  life  most  end. 
It  hath  been  prophesied  to  me  many  yean^ 
I  should  not  die  bat  in  Jemsalem ; 
Which  vainly  I  supposed  the  Holy  Land. 
Bot  bear  me  to  that  chamber;  there  111  lie; 
In  that  Jemsalem  shall  Harry  die  */' 

There  is  an  ancient  tradition  that  Edward  V,  was  bom  in  this  room,  and 
baptized  here  shortly  after  his  birth  by  the  Abbot  of  Westminster, 

We  have  no  mention  of  any  use  made  of  the  chamber  for  a  long  time 
subsequent  to  this  occurrence.  In  the  year  1624,  John  Williams,  Bishop 
of  Lincoln  and  Dean  of  Westminster,  entertained  the  French  ambassador 
here  with  great  splendour  and  at  considerable  cost.  And  it  b  probable 
that  the  architectural  peculiarities  of  the  room,  as  we  now  see  them,  which 
are  of  the  period  of  James  I.,  the  alterations  in  the  fireplace,  before  which, 
according  to  the  chronicler  already  quoted,  the  couch  of  the  dying  King 
was  laid,  the  ceiling,  and  the  armorial  bearing^  in  the  north  window,  were 
the  work  of  this  dignitary.  In  March,  1640-1,  an  assistant  or  sub-com- 
mittee of  about  twenty  individuals,  partly  Episcopal  and  partly  Presby- 

0  Fabyan's  Chronicle,  ed.  1569,  pp.  888,  889. 
•  Second  Part  of"  Henry  IV.,"  Act  iv.  so.  4. 


186L] 


Jerusalem  Chamber, 


r  leriaD,  was  appointed  to  prepare  mattera  for  the  cogniBance  of  ibe  superior 
'  committee,  established  to  examine  into  **  innovations  in  matters  of  religion/' 
The  afore- mentioned  Bishop  Williams  was  chosen  to  preside  over  both 
.Assemblies,  and  the  sub-committee  held  for  awhile  its  meetings  in  this 
chamber.  The  violent  behaviour  of  the  Presbyteiian  faction  in  the  House 
of  Commons  wholly  prevented  any  good  that  might  have  resulted  from 
tbese  deliberations,  and  the  sittings  were  soon  and  abryptly  terminated. 
In  later  times  the  chamber  1ms  been  used  for  the  custody  of  the  regalia 
during  the  night  before  a  coronation.  The  abbots  were  the  official  keepers 
of  these  insignia  of  royalty,  a  privilege  which  is  thus  in  some  degree  ex- 
ercised by  their  modern  representatives.  The  room  is  also  u&ed  for  the 
rittings  of  Convocation,  and  for  the  meetings  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter. 

Tlie  painted  glass  in  the  north  window  is  much  more  ancient  than  any 
portion  of  tlie  edifice  in  which  it  now  finds  a  place.  There  was  probably 
a  Jerupalem  Chamber  in  this  church  as  erected  by  Henry  IIL,  for  the 
**  Continaator"  already  quoted  speaks  of  one  so  called  "ah  aniiquo  ;^^  and 
these  may  have  been  among  its  ornamental  accessories.  The  costume  of 
the  figures  bears  out  this  supposition.  The  first  Jerusalem  Chamber  was, 
a»  1  suppose,  furnished  with  decorations  from  subjects  in  the  Gospe!  nar- 
rative painted  upon  its  walls,  and  hence  obtained  its  characteristic  title. 
And  by  means  of  these  and  other  adornments  the  windows  themselves 
were  made  to  harmonize  with  the  rest  of  the  structure,  and  to  play  their 
lj>art  in  the  general  design.  The  subjects  of  the  painted  glass  are  : — 1.  The 
Slaughter  of  the  Innocents.  2.  The  Stoning  of  St.  Stephen.  3.  The  Last 
Judgment.  4.  The  Descent  of  the  Holy  Ghost.  5,  The  Ascension.  6.  St, 
Peter  Walking  on  the  Sea.  7.  The  Beheading  of  St.  John  the  Baptist, 
8*  A  mutilated  shield  of  later  execution,  bearing  the  arme  of  Bishop 
Williams,  the  arms  of  the  see  of  Lincoln,  and  those  of  the  deanery  of 
_ Westminster.  All  these  are  more  or  less  patched,  and  the  heads  of  the 
Bven  Scriptural  eubjects  are  filled  up  with  blue  glass  of  tlje  period  of 
James  I.  Many  of  the  figures  have  also  received  sundry  renovations 
within  the  last  few  years.  The  tapestry  is  of  the  time  of  Henry  VIIL, 
with  the  exception  of  one  piece,  which  is  of  the  period  of  the  first  James, 
ad  is  very  similar  to  the  well-known  examples  in  the  Great  Hall  at 
lampton  Court  Palace.  The  portrait  of  Richard  IL,  now  suspended  on 
the  south  wall,  is  one  of  the  most  interesting  of  its  class.  It  was  formerly 
in  the  choir,  where  it  seems  to  have  been  in  danger  from  coming  in  too 
close  a  contiguity  with  the  backs  and  heads  of  divers  Lord  Chancellors  and 
otJters  who  occupied  the  stall  behind  which  it  was  placed.  Dart's  descrip* 
tion  of  it  in  its  then  condition  is  valuable,  as  it  was  written  before  the 
renovations  to  which  it  has  since  been  subjected ; — 

*'  On  the  south  aide  of  the  choir,  by  the  polpifc/'  he  say*,  "  \%  an  ancient  painting 
of  that  anhappy  beatitiful  prince,  Riclmrd  ij.,  fitting  in  a  chair  of  gold,  dneraed  in 
m  vc'tt  of  groan  Aow«rod  with  ilowers  of  gold  and  tbe  ioitukl  lettorfl  of  his  nauie,  haviag 


T/ie  Abbot  of  Westmintter's  Houte. 


[Jtdj 


on  sboei  of  gold  powdered  with  pearK  tlie  whole  robed  hi  crtoiion  Imcd  witb  craioav 
and  the  sbouldera  tpread  vritb  tbe  sanae,  fmiened  under  %  ooUm  of  gold ;  tb«  p«ii«l 
plastered  and  gilt  witb  several  croiaes  and  flowen  of  gdd  tmbtwod.  Tbe  laigtb  of 
tbe  picture  ifl  6  foot  and  11  incbes,  and  tbe  breadtb  3  Ibot  7  inctaei*/' 

Such  is  the  famous  Jerusalem  Chamber,  of  which  it  may  be  uid,  great 
aa  the  commendation  Is,  that  for  historical  associationB  and  artistic  acces- 
sories it  is  second  in  interest  only  to  the  venerable  Abbey  wiUi  which  it 
has  been  so  long  and  so  intimately  connected* 


THE  ABBOT  OF  WEST^fTNSTER'S  HOUSE. 

[The  following  extract  from  the  Patent  Rolls,  communicated  to  u» 
Mr,  Corner,  although  of  somewhat  later  date,  forms  an  appropriate  con- 
clusion to  our  sketch  of  the  history  of  the  Abbey  buiiding-s.] 

By  letters  patent  of  J.in.  20,  32  Henry  VIIL,  whereby  the  King  en- 
dowed his  newly  erected  see  of  Westminster  with  manors,  lands,  tenements, 
and  advowsons  in  EsseXi  Berks.»  Yorkshire,  Backs.,  Gloucestershiref  Herts., 
Hunts.,  Lincolnshire,  and  Northamptonshire;  he  als^o  granted  to  Thomas% 
Bishop  of  Westminster,  and  his  successors  for  ever  •*,  all  the  site  and  circuit 
of  the  mansion-house  and  dwelling  commonly  called  "Cheynygats*,** 
wherein  William  [Boston  or  Benson],  late  abbot  of  the  late  monastery  of 
WeslminsteTi  inhabited,  together  with  all  buildings,  houses,  and  ground 
within  the  said  site,  &c.^  with  the  gardens  and  orchards  thereto  adjoining :  in 
which  said  site  or  circuit  is  a  certain  tower,  situate  and  being  at  the  entrance 
of  the  said  dwelling  ^ ;  which  said  tower  contains  in  length,  from  the  east  end 
abutting  on  the  cloister  of  the  said  late  monastery  to  the  west  end  abutting 


*  Vol.  i.  p.  62. 

*  Tbomas  Thirleby,  the  first  and  only  Bishop  of  Wettminster ;  consecrated  Dee.  1% 
1540,  translated  to  Norwich  1550,  and  to  Ely  1554. 

*  He  had,  however,  no  auocesftors,  and  after  the  Abolition  of  tbe  binhopric  of  West- 
minster, the  bishop*!  palace,  or  abtKit's  hou«e,  waa  divided,  a  part  only  being  assigned 
to  tbe  deanery  :  tluB  consisted  of  tbe  eastern  wing,  with  a  room  over  rhe  west  walk  of 
tbe  doiater.  The  abbot'A  ball  and  kitcben,  wbicb  fonned  the  west  wing  of  the  bonse, 
were  aiiBtgned  to  tbe  use  of  tbe  scbolnra  of  tbe  King's  School,  founded  by  Queen  Elixii* 
betb  in  1560, 

Tlie  building  at  the  north  side  of  the  ablxit's  court,  in  which  was  tbe  solar,  opper 
diainber,  or  withdniwlng>room  of  tbe  abbot's  hotis^,  c»lle  t  the  Jerusalem  Chiimber« 
(sec  p.  81»)  WBA  o^^signed  to  tbe  ttse  of  tbe  Convocation  of  tbe  Clergy,  a  porpota 
for  which  it  is  very  inadeqaote. 

On  April  17,  16^10,  Convocation  met  in  Ht'nry  the  Vlfth's  chapol,  (Lathbufy^ 
MiH,  qf  Cofi^.t  p.  221,)  and  ngnin  in  1700,  though  the  Archbishop  had  fixed  the 
JeroBolem  Cbamber  for  the  pliico  of  meeting,  {Ibid.,  p.  285). 

A  limilAr  story  to  Umt  d'  the  death  of  Henry  IV.  in  "  Jerugalem/' ia  related  of 
Pope  Hylvester  III,  In  the  EHhffium  Iliwtorianimt  vol.  i.  pp,  256,  257. 

<  Bo  called  from  the  jiractiee  of  tiling  a  chain  ocroiM  the  gate  which  fbrtned  th« 
entmnee  to  the  cloiMteii*, 

■*  The  groiniHl  vnuU  of  the  btuM^ment  of  this  tower  Is  still  perfect,  and  has  itoall 

rings  in  lt>  according  to  tho  cn«tom  in  cnfttles  of  the  same  period,  (the  end  of 
ronricentb  century,)  fur  tlic  purp)«e  of  pouring  boiling  water  on  the  headi  of 
aataitaiits;  thu«  shewing  thul  the  prmncts  of  the  abbey  were  fortified. 


1861.] 


The  Abbot  of  IVestminster^s  House. 


upon  the  **Elnies*^,"  by  e&timation  67  feet;  and  in  breadth  at  the  west 
'end,  from  the  north  side  to  the  south  Bide,  by  estimation  24  feet  2  inches : 
and  another  building  and  house,  with  a  garden  and  ground  adjoining,  con- 
taining by  estimation,  from  the  aforesaid  tower  to  the  church  of  the  said 
late  monastery,  in  width,  at  the  east  end  abutting  an  the  cloister  of  the 
gaid  late  monastery,  124  feet;  and  in  width,  at  the  we«t  end  abutting 
towards  the  house  of  the  poor,  called  *' The  Kyng's  Almoshouse '."  170 
feet;  and  in  length,  on  the  north  side  abutting  on  the  church  of  the  said 
late  monastery  and  upon  the  King's  street  called  **The  Brode  Sentwarye'/* 
258  feet,  and  on  the  south  aide  abatting  oa  **  The  Elmes,**  239  feet.  And 
also  the  fourth  part  of  all  the  great  cloister  of  the  said  late  monastery^  wnth 
the  buildings  situate  and  being  above  the  same,  which  said  fourth  part  is 
contiguous  and  next  adjoining  to  the  same  mansion-house  and  dwelling 
in  Westminster  aforesaid:  and  ail  that  building  and  house  called  **The 
Calbege''**  and  *'  The  Blackestole^^  there,  which  contains  in  length,  from 
the  north  end  abutting  on  the  aforesaid  tower,  to  the  south  end  abutting 
on  the  tower  called  **The  Blackstole  Tower',"  hy  estimation  88  feet :  and 

*  -The  Elms/'  now  called  Dean's  Yard. 
'  •*  The  Almonry  wvm  on  the  aoath-east  side  of  the  Broad  Sanctaary,  and  wm  divided 

a(o  the  Great  Almoary,  which  coiiipri*ed  two  parta,  con§istiii|e:  of  two  oblongs  {lor- 

KyoTiB  pimdlcl  to  the  TtJthill  8treet«,  and  connected  hy  a  uflrrow  lane,  the  entran(.'fl 

from  Dean's  Yard;  and  the  Little  Almonry^  running  southwards  at  the  end 

the  Great  Almonry.     At  the  lower  end  was  St.  Anna's  Clnipel,  which  in  1576 

la  used  as  a  storehouae  by  St.  Mar^ret^a  Parinh ;   opposite  to  it  were  almshousefl 

andcd  by  the  Lady  Margaret,  muther  of  King  Henry  Vll.,  for  poor  women.     To 

the  north  of  the  Almonry,  and  on  the  south  side  of  the  gate-houftc,  was  an  almshouse 

founded  by  Henry  VIL*  for  thirte^'n  poor   men.'* — {JFalcottg  Weatmituierj  pp.  ttU, 

273, 278. 280.V    Dart,  in  hig  '•  Westminster  AbUy,"  p.  m,  nioiilions  ihwt  the  iJukc  of 

■Bomerset  pnlled  up  "  the  orchard"  of  the  convent ;  the  site  b  commemorated  in  the 

Plpresent  Opchard- street. 

f  Now  calletl  "  1  ho  Broad  Sanctunry." 

*  Cslbege  ?  from  calU,  a  *c<jif,*  or  *cowlp'  nnd  hege,  'big  j*  worda  given  by  Mr.  HaUi- 
^^irelL     Docange  says  that  colttbtHm,  (v.  Cahthnmt)  from  which  our  word  *  cowl*  ia  dd- 

rived,  is  "  cticuUns  ille  srve  superhnmeraitj  qjo  indmintur  servient!*  iid  legem  in  Aug* 
*i;"  and  HoiioriiiB  defiuG^  cohbitim  "  cncullata  vestas/'  it  was  the  proper  dreaa  of 
monk,     "file  euggeution  receives  some  likelihood  from  the  name  of  the  adjacent 
I  Black  Stolftow^. 

Cnrioiut  or  per«M)nul  names  of  domestic  huildingt,  Ac. — In  illujtnition  of  the  word 

"  ^9,  may  be  mentioned  the  following:—'*  Uic  {scil.  Johannei  Ipstokc)  dnm  enet 

Ittlcmofinarina  ftcit  alttim    aniiiicinm    in    foro  vidfli<r'et   Gar^Jfes/' — Ahp.  de  Burton, 

f{Mon,  AmffHc,  p.  274,  2nd  E<lit.)     (Item  dedit  h  Beikouse  orchard,)     OV.  1430-2: 

••  luceptum  fiiit  optii  lapideum  fontia  in  ft>ro  jmtii  U  Qarrettt** — Ihid,,  p.  275. 

At  St.  Ednmnd*a  Bury,  Kiehard  of  Colchester,  sacristanp  ••  Fecit  novam  aniam  q\i» 

f  dicitnr  Spane  ad  recreatioiiem  converitus/' — lUd^t  p.  aOl.     Dominiis   de  Newport, 

uinBtMi  of  Bury,  "Maguam  c^impanam  in  majori  caropanario  quce  dicitm^  Neiv^port 

m  fecit.*'— /Jiff. 

1506.    In  the  inventory  of  Halee  Owen  Abbey,  we  find  theae  entries: — "  In  the 

'  C«i/«^f,  UL  mattrass,  ^. ;  in  the  OMtre  in  the  Steward  ehiimbrt^  a  fedir  hede»  Ac; 

in  Botnlph*s   chambre,   a   ftdyer  bcde,  &c,^ — Naah'a    Worcestershire^  vol.    ii.,  App, 

p.  ixii.  h.     There  b  a  Callif  Court  in  the    Isle  of  TJianet,  {H(uted*»  Kent,  vol.  iv. 

Lp.  360);  Caleys  Landa,  and  Callis  Court,  in  Kent  (IftUt,  204',  708),  and  a  Caleys  at 

I^Oakham.     Yorlc-?trt»et,  Westminit-er,  was  formerly  culled  **  Petit  L  aleyu/*  from  being 

I  re»id«nce  of  the  woolstapler*.    A  derivation  of  CiUH»  has  been  made  from  caleetum, 

"'•OMiiewfty/— M.  W. 

*  Tbwre  is  still  a  tower  over  the  entruticc  iuto  Little  Deau^a  Yard,  which  may  have 


10 


The  Abbot  of  Westmituta's  House. 


[July, 


all  buildings,  land,  and  ground  being  within  the  aforesaid  edifices  called 
**The  Calbege"  and  "The  Blackstole"  on  the  north  part,  and  the  build- 
ings and  houses  called  "  The  Frayter  Misericorde  ^,"  and  the  great  con- 
ventual kitchen  called  the  great  Convent  Kitchen  ^,  on  the  east  part.  And 
also  all  that  other  great  stone  tower  in  Westminster  aforesaid,  situate  and 
being  in  a  certain  place  commonly  called  '*  The  Oxehall  ^ :"  and  the  houses 
and  buildings  there  being  and  situate  there  between  the  great  ditch  called 

A  Ahhey  Church. 

B  jAtl%ngion*M  Bell  Tow«r, 

G  doiiter. 

D  8t.  MargareVa  Church. 

E  Tnoer,  over    the   entrance    to  Little 

Dean'i  Yard. 
F  Granary  and  Brewhoueee. 

0  Oatehouee. 
H  Broad  Sanctuary. 

1  Gate  to  Palace  Yard. 
K  Almonry. 
L  Orchard. 
M  Stream  of  water. 

PJan  of  the  Precincte  of  Westminster  Abbey,  from  a  Map  of  London 
of  the  time  of  Queen  Elizabeth. 

the  Milldam  on  the  south  part,  and  the  aforesaid  bam  on  the  north  part : 
and  all  other  buildings,  houses,  gardens,  land,  and  ground  there  situate,  lying 
and  being  between  the  said  bam  and  between  the  said  houses  and  building^ 
on  the  west  part,  and  the  said  great  tower  called  "  The  Long  Oranarye  ■" 

been  the  Blackstole  tower ;  in  this  case  the  calbege  would  have  stood  between  it  and 
the  porter's  gateway-tower,  and  the  building  vrhiai  occupies  that  pomtion  retains  its 
ancient  walls.  The  king's  wardrobe  in  the  reign  of  Edward  VI.  was  kept  in  the 
massive  jewel-tower,  now  at  the  end  of  the  college  mews,  having  been  g^ven  to  King 
Edward  III.  with  a  small  close,  by  the  abbot  in  1377.— M.  W. 

^  The  monks'  hall  in  a  monastery,  in  which  the  brethren  eat  and  drank  the  miteri* 
eord,  an  indulgence  or  extra-allowance  over  and  above  the  regulation-fare,  by  per* 
mission  of  the  abbot.    It  was  distinct  from  the  common  refectory. 

*  This  was  at  the  west  end  of  the  great  hall  or  refectory,  between  it  and  the  present 
porter's  lodge. 

">  "  The  oxehall,  which  is  mentioned  in  connection  with  the  great  bam  and  the  mill* 
dam,  was  no  doubt  the  stable  for  stalling  the  oxen  in  the  outer  or  base  court  of  the 
abbey.  A  parish  of  the  name  of  Oxenhidl  (before  Domesday  Survey,  Horsenhall),  and 
another  called  Oxinton,  or  Oxendon,  *from  the  number  of  oxen  kept  there,'  are  men- 
tioned in  Atkyns' '  Gloucestershire,'  pp.  811,  812 :  there  is  another  place  of  the  same 
name  in  Northamptonshure ;  and  a  place  called  Oxenhall,  or  Oxneyfield,  occurs  in 
Baine's  '  Durham,'  iii.  897,  in  which  the  tenant  was  bound  to  carry  to  the  bishop 
'wine  with  a  wain  of  four  oxen.'  Oxinhale  occurs  among  the  estates  of  the  Uospi* 
tallers."    (Camd.  Soe.  Pttbl.,  p.  80.)— M.  W. 

"  lu  June,  1815,  opposite  to  the  house  now  occupied  by  Dr.Cureton,  considerable 
portions  of  the  gpranary,  built  c  1380,  which  had  been  used  as  the  scholars'  dormitory, 
were  discovered ;  at  right  angles  ran  the  brewhouse  and  the  bakehouse,  llie  g^ranary, 
elevated  on  a  substructure,  had  a  large  central  tower  and  a  line  of  fine  windows  in  two 
stories.  A  view  is  given  in  "  Qent.  Mag.,"  Sept.,  1815,  pi.  i.  p.  201.  The  foundations 
of  the  present  dormitory  #ere  kid  "  7.  Kal.  Mali,  mdcgxxu.'^  The  Uirge  double  gate- 


1861.] 


Modem  BuUdinfft. 


n 


on  the  eaat  part,  and  between  the  buildings  and  houses  called  *'  The  Bme* 
boose"  and  *'  The  Backehouse*'  of  the  said  late  monafitery  on  the  north 
part,  and  the  aforesaid  great  ditch  called  '*  The  Milldam**  on  the  south  part. 


MODERN  BUILDINGS. 

lAM  House  was  in  1 708  the  residence  of  Lord  Ashbumham. 
Me  portions  remain  in  it  which  were  built  by  Inigo  Jones,  and 
were  illustrated  by  Sir  J.  Soane.  In  1712  the  Cottonian  Library  was  re- 
hilber  to  a  gallery  within  the  King's  library,  and  adjoining  the 
cloister.  In  the  disastrous  fire  of  1731,  a  large  number  of  MSS, 
were  removed  to  *'  the  large  boarding-house  opposite/*  and  Dr.  Friend 
naed  to  relate  with  glee  that  Dr.  Bentley,  the  King's  librarian,  sallied  out 
in  hia  night-slitrt  and  a  flowing  wig  with  the  Alexandrian  MS.  under  his 
arm.  Camden  the  Antiquary  lodged  in  **  the  Gkte-house  near  the  Queen's 
Scholars*  chambers.'*     The  •*  Terrace**  was  begun  after  the  year  1815. 

The  Sanctuary  Church  is  described  in  Archwoht^ia^  I  35,  and  Entick*s 
'^  Mjiitland's  London/*  ii.  1343.  Near  its  site  the  present  Guildhall  was 
built  in  1805,  on  the  foundations  of  the  old  belfrj*- tower.  (Widroore,  p.  11.) 
Tlie  old  Guildhall  stood  on  the  west  side  of  King-street,  about  fifty  feet  to 
the  south  of  Great  George-street;  an  ancient  painting  representing  it, — 
perhaps  the  gift  of  a  Duke  of  Northumberlaud, — was  transferred  to  the 
walls  of  the  present  Sessions- ho  use. 

At  the  entrance  of  the  Little  Sanctuary,  in  the  early  part  of  the  last 
century,  a  groined  cellar  was  discovered  near  some  remains  of  a  stone 
gateway  ;  it  was  probably  a  portion  of  the  house  of  the  porter.  The 
entjiuice-gate  from  the  Sanctuary  into  King'Street  was  removed  before  the 
year  1 708.  The  gate-house  with  its  double  gates  at  the  west  entrance  of 
the  Abbey,  was  built  by  W.  de  Warfield,  cellarer,  in  the  reign  of  EUiward 
m. ;  on  the  east  side  was  the  Bishop  of  London's  prison  for  clerks  con- 
vict ;  and  over  the  south  gate  leading  into  Dean's  Yard  was  the  prison  for 
debtors  and  State  criminals.  Dr.  Johnson  longed  to  see  its  demolition,  as 
it  waa  **  a  disgrace  to  the  present  magnificence  of  the  capital,  and  a  con- 
tinual nuisance  to  neighbours  and  passengers/*     In  1776  it  was  destroyed* 

The  names  of  Vine-street  and  Bowling- street  recall  the  vineyard  and 
bowling-alley  of  the  monastery.  In  the  overseers'  books  of  St.  Mar- 
garet*8  for  the  year  1565,  "the  Vyne  garden**  and  the  **Myll  next  to 
Bowtoig  Alley"*  are  duly  rated.  The  site  of  Black  Dog  Alley  was  Abbot 
0aiion*0  garden ;  and  the  Hostelry  garden  extended  over  the  ground 
wbich  lay  betvreen  the  bowling-green   and  the  river  bank.     In  the   re- 

haom  whkh  tiood  At  the  eDtrance  of  Tuihill-street  ia  drawn  in  <*  Gent.  Mag.,"  March, 
1836L  A  Cheyney  Court  ib  attached  to*  the  Ckwa  of  the  Deanery  lit  Wipche«t«r,  wid 
!•  Mid  to  flerive  its  name  from  the  oak  {cMne)  under  which  the  Episcopal  Court 
was  held.— M.  W. 


The  JemeUhoute. 

gister-book  of  the  treasiirer  of  the  Abbej,  this  entry  oeciirt  under  the 
year  1733; — '*  Hostry  Gardens,  with  the  houses  thereupon  built,  Bent, 
102,  13^.  4J.^  and  four  capons  or  13  fihiUings."  Great  College-street  was 
long  called  the  *^  Dead  Wall/*  owing  to  the  houses  fronting  the  wall  of 
the  infirmary  garden  built  by  Abbot  Litlington. — M*  W. 


THE  JEWEL^HOUSE. 


!^^ 


iff  i 


rmm-T  — 


Flan  of  the  Jewel- to oupe,  vith  the  groinliQd  of  the  bna'jnjeut 

Few  persons  are  aware  that  the  King's  Jewel-hoaae,  built  in  the  time 
of  Richard  IL,  is  still  standing.  The  walla  are  perfect,  even  to  the  parapets, 
and  the  original  doonvays  remain,  their  heads  being  of  the  form  called  the 
shouldered  arch,  so  much  used  in  domestic  work  throughout  the  Middle 
Ages,  from  the  twelfth  century  to  the  fifteenth.  The  interior  haa  been 
entirely  altered  to  6t  it  up  for  &  Public  Record -office,  and  it  is  still  the 
depository  of  the  records  of  the  House  of  Lords.  A  modern  vault  has 
been  introduced  over  the  first-floor  room*  probably  as  a  security  against 
fire,  this  room  having  had  originally  a  wooden  ceiling ;  but  fortunately, 
the  ground  rooms  having  long  been  used  for  a  kitchen  and  offices,  and 
being  below  the  level  of  the  present  street,  have  been  preperved  intact, 
with  their  original  groined  vaults,  with  moulded  ribs  and  carved  bosses, 
evidently  a  part  of  the  same  work  as  the  cloister*  and  other  vaulted  aub- 
structures  of  Abbot  Litlington. 

This  tower  is  situated  to  the  south  of  the  chapter-house,  and  at  the 

back  of  the  houses  in  Old  Palace  Yard :  the  entrance  being  through  a  Oo- 

vermnent-office,  admittance  is  commonly  refused,  but  the  antiquary  who 

wisheii  to  explore  these  remains  may  do  so  by  e^Kplaining  that  Uie  part 

1 


4 


1861.] 


TTie  Jewel-house. 


18 


fishes  to  Bee  is  the  basiement  or  kitchen  occupied  by  Mrs,  Mncentt  the 
housekeeper,  and  that  he  does  not  wish  to  go  into  the  Record  tower  itself; 
which  there  is  nothiog  for  him  to  see,  so  far  as  the  architecture  is  con^- 
eeraed*  all  redtiges  of  antiquity  having  there  been  carefully  destroyed* 


r\'  tbis  fnncipal  t  J.'xrjbr-r  ia  tli©  BaaoindDt  of  the  Jewel-bouflO,  a.d.  1377— fin. 


The  following  extracts  from  Widmore  give  the  history  of  this  building,  or 
at  least  the  purchase  of  the  ground,  and  there  is  no  doubt  that  it  was  built 
or  rebuilt  immediately. 

From  Widmor/i  Enquiry,  d^c,  ^a^  1743* 
"  In  the  hiat  ye&r  of  King  Edward  IIL,  in  exchange  wan  mode  bfitwecn  that  prince 
md  the  convent;  the  King  bad  from  them  a  part,  either  of  a  tower  wbieb  was  after- 
ward the  King's  J©wel-boa<ie,  and  ia  at  present  the  ParUament- office,  or  elie  th« 
[ground  on  which  thia  building  standa:  I  have  givea  the  authority  for  thia  because 
'  Ihere  may  be  nonie  doubt  as  to  the  meaning  of  the  writer ;    but  the  pliiee  is  so 
partienlarlf  described,  that  I  think  there  can  be  no  question  concerning  that.     Tlie 
cbarch  had  no  lands  in  return  for  thia,  but  only,  wbich  yet  might  possibly  be  as  agree* 
able  to  them,  a  Heenoe  t<>  purchase  in  mortmain  forty  pounda  a  year." 
GwT-  yu&.  Vol.  CCXI  .  c 


14 


7&f 


limhtM 


Mn. 


^mttm 


IWiiOtflfl 


Ttt^k 


1861.] 


15 


THE  SIEGES  OF  PO^TEFRACT  CASTLE*. 

We  regret  that  we  cannot  speak  as  favourably  of  the  last  volume  issoed 
by  the  Sartees  Society  as  we  have  been  able  to  do  of  most  of  its  predecea* 
ors*     One  of  its  constituent  parts  is  an  admirable  appendage  to  Bugdale'a 
*  Visitation  of  Yorkshire,"  and  is  its  redeeniing  feature  ;  but  we  must  confess 
we  wonid  rather  have  had  it  by  itself*     We  see  little  in  the  life  of  either 
the  Nonjuring  dean  or  the  Nonconformist  justice  to  repay  perusal,  and  we 
[•bould  leave  the  book  unnoticed  but  for  its  second  article.     In  this  Mr, 
[Dyer  Longstaffe  has  edited  the  quaint  narrative  of  Nathan  Drake,  the 
"  •*  Gentleman  Volunteer,*'  with  his  usual  ability.     This  minute  and  curious 
record  of  a  siege  in  the  seventeenth  century  has  hitherto  been  only  known 
through  the  medium  of  a  very  inaccurate  rhmni  by  Booth royd,  in  his 
History  of  Pontefract,  but  Mr.  LongstaflTe  has  now  printed  it  entire  from 
the  original  MS.,  which  is  in  the  possession  of  the  Drake  family,  and  he 
has  added^  from  a  variety  of  sources,  all  requisite  illustration,  including  a 
carious  bird's-eye  view  of  the  CasUe  and  town  at  the  time  of  the  third  and 
most  famous  siege.     The  diarist  was  not  present  in  that  gallant  stand  of  a 
single  fortress  against  the  victorious  Parliamentarians,  but  Mr.  Longfitaffe, 
►  jnstlyjeeling  that  his  book  would  be  incomplete  without,  has  supplied  an  ac- 
count, which  is  mainly  drawn  from  the  Autobiography  of  Thomas  Panlden, 
one  of  the  party  which  captured  and  killed  Rain sbo rough,  the  Parliamentarian 
colonel,  and  who  was  therefore  excepted  from  mercy  on  the  surrender  of  the 
Castle.     He,  however,  made  his  escape  on  the  followmg  night,  and  if  our 
readers*  Bympathiesi  like  ours,  are  with  the  besieged  and  not  with  the 
besiegers,  they  will  read  with  some  interest  what  he  wrote  more  than  half 
a  century  afterwards : — 

{  myself  followed  the  fortune  of  Kii^g  Cbarlea  in  his  exile,  and  was  sent  into 

[  £iigl«nd  on  several  occasions,  for  bis  Mnjcssty's  service.     I  was  onci}  betmyed,  and 

brought  before  Cromwell;  btii  I  denied  my  name,  and  nothing  could  be  proved  against 

However,  h©  sent  me  to  the  Gate-bouie  in  Westminster,  fVom  whence  I  niad©  my 

escape,  with   oar  old  friend  Jack   Cowpcr,  by  throwing  salt  and  pepper  into  ths 

J  Keqter'a  eyesj  which,  I  think,  has  made  me  love  salt  the  better  ever  einoe;  as  you, 

tend  all  niy  frienda,  know  I  do,  with  whom  I  have  eaten  many  a  hnahei 

*•  I  went  Again  beyond  sea,  and,  upon  King  Charles  II.'s  restoration,  returned  into 
England,  aecompamed  with  niy  old  eonipanioo,  loyalty,  and  with  the  usual  (^mpanion 
[  of  that,  poverty.     Ilie  first  ncTer  quitted  me;  the  other,  by  the  favour  and  bounty  of 
the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  was  made  tolerable. 

"  And  having  now  survived  most  of  my  old  acquaintance,  and,  as  I  verily  believe,  all 
who  liad  any  part  in  the  foregoing  story,  being  in  the  7Sth  year  of  my  agef—perbaps  it 


•  •*  MSaoellanea  of  the  Sortees  Society."    (Vol.  ixxvil  of  the  Socicty'i  Publicationa.) 
1*  Ths  Worki  and  Letters  of  Dennis  Granville,  l>J>.y  Dean  of  Durham.     2.  Nathan 
■  Bnike^a  •TounuU  of  tbo  First  and  Svcond  Sieges  of  Pontefract  Castle.    9,  A  brief 
'  oif  Mr.  JuaLice  Rokeby. 


Tie  &yer  ^  Fmi^rmii  CmtOt.  [Jvlf^ 


tnded  froB  a  Imaur  Sartea  wohmtty  m  tktt  dxnjXAT  t  MAfiAxan  for 

Xvt>  or  uxrer  una  cxtnclz  iLtsinc'  t^c  Bgltt-keflBtBdbmB  oftlK  qbc  pnty« 
and  tiK  Mngrr  iuMakaMB  ind  bubuttj  of  t^  otber,  vi3  pir  a  €nr  idea  of 
tbfr  iMttiaLitT  of  Xalban  Drake,  and  we  aait  tbamk  Mr.  Locigilafc  ior  baT- 
ko^  nHide  it  anwiWFihW  to  is. 

Hk  toim  of  Pcntefrvct  was  eapCarvd  and  ae^  kid  to  iht  Onde  on 
ClinBtmw.^din',  1614.  The  ftresgtii  of  tlie  re«:«lBr  e*iiiMi  does  jmC  ap- 
pear, %Nlt  we  hare  tbe  names  of  1$5  *^gcssikBiai  iuImuUms."  iorinding 
tbree  kniglrtE,  twelre  preacbers,  and  dews  akkiica  ost  of  tiurtWj  wbo 
retired  into  tiie  Castle,  and  maafiiDT  assisted  in  its  defence.  Hie  FsriiaMeiit- 
aiians  made  bat  email  progress  in  tbe  ooaone  of  a  two  nMBlba'  aege,  and* 
at  laft,  on  tbe  iK  of  Mardu  1645,  tbe  garrison  was  itBttcd  by  Sr  Ifar- 
madnke  fangdaV.  On  bis  witbdimwal  tbe  siege  was  miinafd,  and  tbis 
taie  to  more  purpose,  as  the  i^ace  was  obliged  to  suiicudcr  on  tbe  Slat  of 
Jnlr. 


[JEprff  16.]  -Tbe  cbmbt  buehr  ftatjcd  sB  viae  fhaa  eoan^  to  tbe « 
iog  of  the  CammoBaam  vpim  EHt«r  di^«  sUtbn^  Fodvs  (tbeo'  Gcwcmar)  had 
gxaimted  protedtkn  for  the  »nM»  and  oae  Brovae  of  Wak«MU  wd  If  it  were  te  oar 
dnmuctiaa  ve  ihaDkl  bsre  it>  bat  not  for  oar  tohmtMa.  Bat  tkat  dsj.  1 
daj,  (tbe  6tili  Aprill.)  wiucb  vm  prepared  Ibr  tbe  bialtb  cf  oar  »ale^  a 
lor  theCbertie*  of  oar  bodjres^  for.  after  aaroMad  done  ^att  11  of  tlv^  dock  tbt  Gotor- 
Bor  gave  itz«t  onmiamil  that  all  bmb  ahoald  preaeaftljbe  ia  : 
vmiiiglj  damt  boU  vitk  horw  and  foot,  (^^/i^.)  Uml  after  a  fittle 
orders  being  agreed  fxpoB^  Captin  Waf^unfttoa  and  Ciptxa  Beale  iiMaadfd  tbe  1 
Capt.  Monro  vitb  M  Brah}aK«ar»  did  aally  oat  of  SwiUmuta  tnww  «p  iato  Kortbgats. 
Capdn  Hood  oith  50  araaqntears  aal^yed  forth  of  the  Looker  gat»  J^  ao  op  bj  the 
HanlpenT  bom  &  fell  npon  their  treocbea.  TVa  thei«  vat  SO  fciatkaiia  idaatcrea 
vbereof  one  haolph  did  aeoc»d  Moaioe^ii  maaqofStani  and  tbe  other  haalph  Gi^ 
ilaodk  Tbe  genUenMB  veore choaea  oat  ftvan  the  4 OdUoaelb  vithia  dw  Cartle»TiE. : 
— Sr.  Richard  Hottea,  IS  gentlemen  ockmmaaded  bj  Oapt.  CVoft :  Sr.  Goatge  Wiat* 
worth  10,  onmaundfd  bj  lieaU  Warde:  :^.  John  Rciadia  la  <WBa»aadad  bj  Gi^ 
BcMoa;  and  Sr.  Jairk  CoUlar  la  oomnaadtd  b^  Oajpl.  C%lchte.  Tbaa  lasolaCt] 
ffarittea,  (baTing  r^ceired  order*)  cbenMlj  paaiifd  apca  their  ssrioe*  oatrad  ^or 
tiYochca,  gave  a  long  and  strong  alUmm,  and  i>rtani«d  with  honoor.  Oar  mnnnafaii 
alleo  plaid  their  part«  bravelit'  and  did  goixi  excvution  in  the  Xarkit  plaee  and 
other  plac««  in  the  towno.  We  killd  in  that  aally  :i6  OMei  or  omtn  tooke  one  i 
and  ^vert  mntkittes  and  nmtwdea  and  dmmmea*  and  w«  had  [Sj  «aa  killd  4  S  i 
voaadfd.  and  ana  abt^lt  36  canmm  wboivwith  ia  Mipi^ciacd  OMild  be  ao  leaae  tbaa  100 
mm  kilW."— <P^  51 »  22.) 


18GL] 


The  Sieges  6f  Pontefract  Castle. 


17 


J     Poor  Sir  Gervia  Guttler,  tliough  he  escaped  from  this  hot  Bkirmi^h,  died 
rof  sickoess  on  the  25lh  of  June,     The  enemy,  we  see,  were  grievously 

wanting  in  common  humanity  to  his  widow,  Margaret,  daughter  of  John, 

Earl  of  Bridge  water : — 

••  This  day  morning*  timt  worthy  knight  Sir  G<*rviB  Cottier  dcpftited  this  life,  the 
eoemy  not  sntfHng  any  freah  meate  ever  to  be  brought  to  him  uince  be  fell  sick,  onely 
one  cliickm  and  one  poore  joj^nt  of  meat«  his  Ijidy  broaght  with  hur  S  dales  before 
he  depcurted,  neitber  will  the  enemy  suffer  hira  either  to  be  barycd  in  the  Cburch,  or 
conveyed  to  b»  owne  bAbltaiion  to  take  place  with  bis  a  ancestors.  ,  , . 

{Jmme  26.]  ^'This  day  we  albo  buryed  that  worthy  knight,  Sr,  Janris  Cuttler,  who 

I  ftrai  oophuied  tmd  then  tbecopbia  and  all  wrapped  up  in  letid,  and  after  a  funeral! 
I  be  WW  baryed  in  the  Cbapeell  within  the  caatle,  with  3  gallon t  voltyea  of  uhott 
■coordin^  to  the  hounor  of  Fuch  a  brave  aouldyer  as  be  was :  from  whence  his  corpes 
may  beooovoyed  to  the  place  of  bis  aunceastore  (aJ1:er  the  seog^e)  when  his  freindeB  please. 
The  enemy  yett  keepes  the  Lady  within  the  castle  and  will  not  snfler  hur  to  goe  to 
bar  ehildreu,  though  often  sent  to  about  it.  . . , 

[June  38.]  "  This  evning  the  Lady  went  forth  of  the  castle,  being  sent  for  by  a 
drumnie  from  Ourton  (tfaeire  governor)  to  goe  borne  if  she  pleased.  But  wben  she 
came  to  the  eoemytis  first  gaurd,  they  stript  both  btir  and  liur  wayting  imaid  to  hur 
very  amock,  and  likewiae  hur  chaplin,  and  a  tenant  of  hura  which  came  downe  ivith 
the  cbapHn  to  the  sally  poart,  to  search  for  letters,  but  they  had  none.  Tbcy  cept  the 
Lady  and  bur  mayd  at  thelre  gaurd  all  night  till  the  next  day  at  noone,  and  wen  Id 
Dot  cufier  bur  to  goe  up  towne,  j[for  It  seemea  tbe  Genrall  came  in  after,  and  denied  bar 
coming  from  tbe  caatle),"'-(pp.  66 — 67-) 

The  poor  lady  next  auifered  almost  as  much  from  a  point  of  honour  of 
the  Governor — a  melancholy  exemplification  of  the  horrors  of  civil  war : — 

•  ••319,  Smiday.  A  little  after  noone,  the  enemyes  Uenrall  (Poyntea)  sent  downe  the 
dy  Cottier  with  hur  wayting  maid  to  the  Barbican  gat<^  againe,  'he  having  not  had 
any  meate  of  24  bowers.  Our  Governor  of  the  castle  would  not  suffer  hur  to  come 
into  the  castle  againe,  because  tbey  had  sent  for  Imr  out  nnd  given  her  free  liberty  to 
go  home  to  bur  children,  therefore  he  thought  it  stood  not  with  his  honor  to  be  so 
fooled  by  them,  and  by  that  meanw  the  pooro  Lady  with  hur  maid  and  hur  chuplin 
■taid  stjirving  in  tbe  streetea  till  about  IQ  a  clock  in  the  night,  at  which  time  the 
•ent  for  hur  up  into  the  towne^  and  for  any  thing  wo  heare,  she  sent  for  2 
jm  that  night,  and  ao  went  away  tbe  next  day/' — {pp,  67,  68.) 

We  learn  that  the  garrieon  were  light-hearted  and  enjoyed  their  jokes, 
"  One  William  Wether/'  a  daring  soldier  who  seems  to  have  been  foremoat 
in  every  aally,  is  duly  entered  aUa$  Belwethery  and  is  more  often  mentioned 
by  that  name  than  by  his  own.  They  delighted  in  hoaxing  the  enemy,  aa 
in  the  following  instance,  which  occurs  under  date  of  the  1 2th  of  May : — 

^Thia  night,  about  9  a  clock,  our  gentlemen  and  aouldyers  being  merily  dtspoacd, 
did  dnnke  whole  beallthea  (of  the  New  well  water)  to  the  King  and  all  hia  good 
freindet,  pledging  one  another  with  mich  liallowcs  and  ahoutes,  as  this  enemy,  wondring 
wbftfc  dmld  be  the  caune  of  such  sudden  joy,  took  an  allarum,  drew  out  nil  tbcire 
bona  into  the  feild  and  dobled  all  their  gaurdea  (which  pleased  us  well),  and  then, 
our  iMpioo  betog  beat,  every  man  to  his  gaurdes  or  to  hia  bed/'-^p«  S7.) 


Our  diarist  dao  relates  with  great  glee  a  hoax  of  a  "^t^ry  practical  de- 


18  Tike  Sieges  ofPotUefiraet  Castle.  [July* 

BcriptioD,  which  the  governor  of  the  neighbonnng  royal  poet  of  Sandal 
played  on  his  opponents : — 

**  TbiB  day  there  cmme  newes  from  Bonevant  (the  goremor  of  Sandoll  Castle)  that  at 
8  severall  sallyeB  they  bad  killd  42  men,  and  taken  abont  60  priaonen^  whereof  one 
was  a  captin.  The  paasage  of  this  bosines  was  after  this  manner.  Sir  John  Saivell 
with  his  hipocriticall  and  trecherons  rebells  beat  their  drummos  to  praien,  and  being 
singing  of  psalmes  before  sermond,  Captin  Bonevant  caused  his  drommes  to  beat  to 
praiers,  so  that  they  thonght  they  was  secore,  but  our  men  after  they  had  dedicated 
themselves  unto  Gk>d,  with  upright  hartes  and  religious  praiers,  in  breefe  manner :  2b 
Arme9,  and  fell  upon  them." — (pp.  25,  26.) 

The  soldiers  also  readily  risked  their  lives,  not  only  in  going  oat  to  get  in 
grass  for  the  cattle,  but  to  rob  the  orchards,  and  they  brought  in  such  store 
of  apples  that  "  they  sold  them  amongst  the  women  for  four,  five,  or  aix 
a  penny,  or  sometimes  more  if  they  be  little  ones/' 

These  forays,  however,  soon  came  to  an  end,  and  the  Parliamentarians 
possessed  the  ancient  stronghold ;  but,  warned  by  the  daring  enterprise  of 
Morris,  they  in  a  very  few  years  after  beat  it  to  the  ground* 


ANCIENT  SWORD. 

The  sword  of  which  a  representation  is  annexed  was 
found  on  the  5th  June  last,  at  Holme-hill,  near  Biarket 
Weighton,  in  the  east  riding  of  Yorkshire,  on  the  property 
of  Henry  Stourton,  Esq.  It  was  discovered  about  sixteen 
inches  beneath  the  surface,  at  a  spot  near  the  church,  under 
a  sycamore  tree,  where  the  earth  exhibited  traces  of  having 
been  formerly  disturbed.  The  blade  is  much  corroded,  but 
its  form  has  been  well  preserved,  and  it  looks  as  if  it  had 
done  good  service  in  its  day.  The  length,  hilt  and  blade, 
is  three  feet  three  inches,  and  the  weight  is  three  pounds 
nine  ounces. 

The  weapon  may  be  with  confidence  ascribed  to  the 
time  of  Henry  V.  or  VI.  The  form  of  the  hilt  is  an  utt« 
failing  criterion,  as  may  be  readily  seen  by  a  comparison  of 
the  plates  in  Hewitt's  Arms  and  Armour  with  our  engrav* 
ing;  for  the  drawing  from  which  the  latter  has  been 
accurately  copied,  we  are  indebted  to  the  pencil  of  the 
Hon.  Mrs.  Stourton.  We  particularly  refer  to  Plate  77  of 
the  above-named  work,  where  may  be  seen  a  brass  of  a 
£night  of  the  Cuttes  family,  circa  1440,  from  Arkesdon 
Church,  Essex,  which  exhibits  the  warrior  armed  with  a 
HJi^&*Y^rkJSm.  weapon  as  nearly  like  this  as  possible. 


S|.J 


^1 


FROH  THE  TYKE  TO  THE  TWEED. 

A  QI7ABTEE  of  a  mtlleDQium  has  elapsed  since  Sir  Bobert  Carey,  in  dd* 
iance  of  aa  order  from  the  Privy  Council,  hastily  left  London,  and  gal- 
loped with  all  speed  to  Edinburgh,  to  bear  to  King  James  the  news  of  the 
death  of  Queen  Elizabeth.  Me  proclaimed  the  King  on  his  road  at  Mor- 
peth and  at  Alnwick  ;  and,  notwithstanding  a  delay  of  some  hours,  occa* 
iioned  by  a  perilous  fall  from  his  horse,  reached  Holyrood  three  days  after 
the  death  of  the  Queen.  •'  I  was  quickly  let  in."  says  he,  •*  and  carried  up 
to  the  Ring's  chamber.  I  kneeled  by  him,  and  saluted  him  by  his  title  of 
England,  Scotland,  France,  and  Ireland," 

In  no  part  of  the  kingdom  was  this  accession  more  fruttful  in  its  conse- 
quences than  in  that  which  we  are  about  to  Burvey — the  country  lying 
between  the  two  great  northern  streams,  the  Tyne  and  the  Tweed.  Until 
the  UDton  of  the  two  kingdoms  by  this  event*  this  large  tract  had  been  the 
constant  scene  of  invasion,  reprisal,  battle,  fire  and  plunder.  To  ride  three 
miles,  or  more,  on  English  ground,  was  the  choicest  feat  a  Scottish  knight 
could  perform  in  honour  of  his  lady-love*  Thus,  when  the  French  queen, 
Anne  of  Brittany,  sent  her  glove  as  a  token  to  King  James's  great- grand« 
^ther,  she  accompanied  the  gift  with  no  other  condition  than  that  he 
should  ride  so  many  miles  upon  English  land  for  her  sake.  On  the  other 
hand,  the  English  entertained  similar  convictions  with  regard  to  hunting 
end  trespassing  oo  Scottish  ground  : — a  three  days'  hunt  of  Scottish  deer 
led  to  other  tragedies  as  woeful  as  that  depicted  in  the  immortal  ballad  of 
**  Chevy  Chase/'  Castles  were  fired,  monasteries  plundered,  villages  razed, 
crop!!  destroyed,  with  a  vigour  that  generation  transmitted  to  generation 

Impaired.  This  state  of  general  ineectirity  called  for  corresponding  pre* 
emutiona  in  the  construction  of  strongholds :  hence  the  mediseval  architec- 
ture of  this  district  presents  a  certain  strongly -marked  expression  of  resist- 
ance. The  castles  of  the  nobles  were  built  either  on  the  roost  impregnable 
lites.  or  actu&lly  across  the  ver)'  path  of  the  invader*  The  knights  or 
minor  nobles  resided  in  pele-towers — massive  edifices  that  consisted,  for 
the  most  part,  of  three  chambers  one  above  the  other ;  the  lower  floor, 
Tanlted  crypt- wise,  for  the  reception  and  safe  keeping  of  cattle,  those 
ftbove  forming  the  living  and  sleeping  accommodation  of  the  owners.  The 
etergy  in  out-lying  villages,  remote  from  protection,  frequently  occupied 
towers  of  a  similar  character,  and  in  times  of  danger  literally »  as  well  as 
SgUTfttively,  sheltered  their  flocks.  In  other  instances  the  church- towers 
WCTt  embattled,  and  arranged  to  accommodate  the  neighbouring  inhabits 
inti  in  seasons  of  apprehension  or  attack.  Of  these  the  churches  of 
Ancrolt  and  Long  Houghton  still  afford  noticeable  cxfimples,  Another 
daiitf  of  dwelling  for  small  proprietors  was  that  furnished  by  has  I  el  houses. 


ryvsMkliHrf.  [Wy, 


j£'At  fuvci.  7iiiib£  snjlHDe 

acme  mc  ^or  &  vipv  u  ibt  Jii^fc 

iraiL 

iuic 

oT 

4«MDr£  {H«ii£  )ir  km.  sue  &  rnmiyniio^ 
SAL  liuc  r««:lhr  Aiiwiii,  bmidiuis  cf 

nrinniMM:  ifuhr  jgga>.  ^ip^gi^  flgmMWilify 

IT.  Thr  imi^ui;  ^  il  iii^«« 
nnx  I.  aunst.  nr  tunsMiHii*^.  ^  )^  h«ti|:  itt"  &  |?)0«^  «i 

atimr  juhhdui    obl  jftsta:  ir  Hw  nuiMfnvMis  **K,sjt«*i^»tj!^     Vljl-  ihc  mr. 


1861.] 


From  the  Tyne  to  the  Tweed. 


M 


the  iron  murcb  of  Cromwell  into  Scollaod*  and  the  disttirbancea  occasioned 
by  the  claimB  of  Ihe  Pretender,  peace,  in  a  national  sense,  has  prevailed 
ever  since.  It  was,  however,  scarcely  possible  that  a  race  that  for  gene- 
rations beyond  count  had  existed  by  warfare  could,  nnexeeptiooably  and 
without  a  transitional  period,  resort  to  the  arts  of  peace  for  a  livelihood  ; 
accordingly  a  further  evil  arose  in  the  form  of  marauders,  known  as  moss* 
troopers.  **  Belted  Will  Howard*'  in  the  preceding  reign  appears  to  have 
executed  as  many  as  sixty-eight  freebooters ;  but,  undeterred  by  this  se- 
Tcrity,  these  folbwed  up  the  old  pursuits  of  cattle^stealing  and  general 
plunder  with  an  intensity  that  forbidden  practices  so  often  calls  forth. 
Hence  very  secure  residences  remained  a  necessity  for  a  much  longer 
period*  and  a  traditionary  regard  for  the  style  of  building  tliat  presented 
this  requisite  in  the  greatest  degree  lingered  in  the  land  after  the  need  had 
ceased.  This  sentiment  has  not  been  extended  to  the  ancient  buildings 
themselves.  Of  thirty.seven  castles  that  were  inhabited  by  the  principal 
nobles  in  1460,  not  more  than  a  fourth  are  standing — save  in  ivied  ruine. 
the  foriaUcium  there  is  scarcely  a  larger  proportion  in  existence : 
ftnd  thec^  have  often  been  used  for  the  meanest  purposes.  When  a  farm- 
house has  been  required,  the  fortlet  of  the  locality  has  been  apportioned 
for  the  use  of  cattle,  and  a  new  square  block  of  a  house,  with  a  square 
door  and  square  windows,  built  for  the  farmer.  In  other  instances  these 
towers,  from  having  been  debased  from  their  original  character  by,  per- 
baps,  the  addition  of  a  red  tile  roof,  or  the  supcrstruction  of  additional 
atones,  have  quite  lost  their  identity,  A  remarkable  case  in  point  may  be 
noticed.  The  parson  age  *ho  use  at  Shilbotell  affording  very  inadequate 
accommodation,  and  being  in  a  very  dilapidated  state,  was  recently  brought 
under  the  notice  of  a  competent  authority,  for  the  purpose  of  procuring  its 
judicious  enlargement  and  repair.  Externally  it  appeared  to  consist  of 
two  small  houses,  of  unequal  ages,  the  one  built  againgt  the  other,  on  the 
surface  of  a  sohd  rock;  but  a  certain  mannerism  about  the  masonry  of  the 
horuse  that  was  in  the  better  repair  of  the  two,  with  indications  of  ancient 
window-openings,  invited  minute  examination.  The  interior  contained  two 
apartments  only — one  above  the  other ;  the  lower^  vaulted  as  in  times 
past;  the  upper^  lighted  with  deeply  recessed  splayed  windows,  alTording  a 
wide  prospect,  beyond  the  church  and  shelving  country,  of  sea  and  shore. 
Here,  then,  under  cover  of  a  red  pan-tiled  roof,  was  unwittingly  preserved 
the  forgotten  fortlet  — mentioned  frequently  in  Edwardian  records  as  the 
**  turns  de  Shilbotell/'  At  Beadnel  a  similar  discovery  has  been  made  ; 
though  from  having  been  incorporated  with  the  buildings  of  &  small  inn, 
the  remains  in  thb  case  are  not  so  distinctive ;  but  a  barrel-vaulted  cham- 
ber, with  rude  oven  and  boiler,  presents  a  vivid  realization  of  the  rough 
accommodation  such  homes  afforded. 

In  the  middle  of  the  last  century  a  remarkable  architectural  vitality 
Tibrated   through  the  country.     This   originated  in   the   remodeUiDg   of 
OUTT.  Mao.  Vol*  CCXI.  b 


22  From  the  Tfne  to  the  Tweed.  [July, 

Alnwick  Casde  by  Hugh,  first  Dake  of  Northumberland.  Not  only  were 
such  othor  andent  castles,  as  were  habitable,  modelled  after  this  example, 
bat,  as  in  the  case  of  Twisell  Castle,  new  ones  were  commenced,  and 
houses  and  cottages  followed  in  the  mode.  The  tourist  would  be  troubled^ 
but  for  this  explanation,  to  account  for  the  pretentious  pointed-headed 
sash-windows,  so  abundantly  to  be  met  with.  To  follow  this  fashion  the 
small  mullioned  windows  of  many  churches  were  removed,  and  the  same 
description  of  sashes  inserted :  many  chancels  were  dressed  in  the  new 
garb,  parsonage-houses  rejoiced  in  the  same  treatment,  as  did  all  new 
buildings  generally.  New  bridges  were  thrown  over  the  Tvne,  the  Tees, 
and  the  Breamish.  The  decorative  arts  were  not  overlooked.  Although 
in  some  of  the  Gothic  castles,  as  at  Ford,  a  sham  portcullis  ornamented 
the  peaceful  picture  gallery,  and,  as  at  Alnwick,  highly  ornate  arched 
doorways  opened  only  upon  cupboards,  much  real  progress  was  made.  In 
1770  the  largest  looking-glass  that  had  ever  been  seen  in  England  (measur- 
ing 9  ft.  5  in.  by  5  ft.  7  in.)  was  placed  in  the  drawing-room  of  Alnwick 
Castle ;  and  about  the  same  period  the  chancel  of  Stannington  Church  was 
furnished  by  Sir  M.  W.  Ridley  with  stained  glass.  After  a  time  this  rage 
died  out,  the  public  taste  took  other  directions,  and  no  general  move- 
ment again  occurred  until  the  first  lame  attempts  that  introduced  the 
genuine  revival  of  the  last  few  years. 

This  revival  was  ushered  in  here,  as  elsewhere,  with  the  production  of 
some  very  wiry  Gothic  churches.  They  were  coeval  with  the  interest 
awakened  for  mediieval  art  that  found  expression  in  the  formation  of  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries  at  Newcastle ;  and  that  was  very  materially  diffused 
by  the  publication  of  a  first-class  history  of  Northumberland,  by  the 
Bev. John  Hodgson.  Step  by  step  advances  have  been  made;  mature 
study  has  so  quickened  perception  that  the  crude  efforts  of  twenty  years 
ago  are  now  allowed  to  be,  even  by  their  authors,  very  nearly  akin  to 
scarecrows,  compared  to  the  standard  of  to-day. 

Foremost  among  the  restorations  of  ancient  buUdings  stand  two  of  the 
castles  of  the  Duke  of  Northumberland,  Alnwick  and  W'arkworth.  At 
Alnwick,  the  work  of  the  last  century  has  been  removed,  and,  while  the 
exterior  has  been  treated  in  the  me<li»val  style,  the  interior  has  been  con- 
verted into  a  traijsemhIaHCf  of  an  Italian  paUce.  Rich  and  rare  as  are  the 
decorations — the  marbles,  the  mosaics,  the  carvings — they  are  exotics,  and 
in  that  li^ht  pertain  not  to  the  present  sketch.  At  Warkworth  we  take  up 
the  unity  of  our  subject.  Here  only  a  portion  of  the  edifice  has  been 
plactxl  in  the  n^stort^r's  hand*.  A  suite  of  chamber*,  in  the  south-west 
front  o(  the  keep,  lias  been  rc.invcstoil»  as  near  as  may  be,  with  the  details 
with  which  the  ancient  Percies  were  familiar,  on  which  the  Douglases 
looked,  and  whi^h  Shukesjnare  depicte<l  on  his  page;  the  remaining  three- 
fourths  of  the  donjon  are  still  open  to  the  sky,  and  an  antique  setting  is 
retained  for  this  mediseval  relic  in  the  fra\*ed  cortain-waUs  an  i  rent  towers 


I 


186  L]  Fronh  the  Ttjne  to  the  Tweed.  23 

around.  At  ihe  foot  of  the  steep  bank,  on  which  the  castle  is  reared, 
flows  the  Coquet,  apparently  engaged  in  a  never-ceasiog  attempt  to  carry 
away  its  shadows  in  ripples. 

The  same  stream  laves  the  hermitage  which  iospired  the  strains  of 
Bishop  Percy — a  cell  hewn  out  of  Ihe  rock,  in  the  fourteenth  century,  con- 
taining two  small  chambers  and  a  chapel,  vaulted  and  groined,  enriched 
with  rude  sculpture  and  an  altar- tomb,  and  tinged  with  the  pale  green 
colour  that  poets  would  impute  to  Time,  but  which  in  reality  tells  of — 
damp.  Modem  antiquaries  overturn  the  theory  of  Bishop  Percy,  set  forth 
Ja  his  '*  Iteliques  of  Ancient  Poetry,'*  and  shew  that  the  fejiude  effigy  on 
*Hift  tomb  represents  no  less  a  personage  than  ilary  Plantpgeaet,  grand- 
daughter of  Henry  III. 

Further  on,  the  Coquet  passes  a  new  and  handsome  Catholic  chapel  at 
FeltoD,  and  then,  making  a  sudden  bend,  winds  round  a  deep  green  nool;,  on 
which  stands  Briukbum  Priory  church.  In  this  most  shadowy  of  dells, 
where  the  flow  of  the  river,  varied  with  sparkling  bursts  over  uptuitied 
atcmesi,  seems  to  be  positive  melody,  the  Northumbrian  fairies  are  supposed 
to  he  buried.  The  beautiful  church  of  the  priory,  deserted  since  the  dissolution 
of  raonasteriesi,  is  in  course  of  restoration.  The  enduring  workmanship  of 
the  Early  English  masonry  left  little  needful*  save  roof  and  woodwork ; 
Although  the  domestic  buildings,  \nthin  which  a  succession  of  Black 
Caaons  spent  their  dream-like  lives  for  four  centuries,  have  qaite  disap- 
peared. The  south-west  angle  of  the  nave  contained  a  staircase  leading 
to  the  passage  under  the  great  west  window^  but  the  turret  itself  had 
fallen,  leaving  but  a  few  of  the  steps  visible.  Unfortunately,  the  purpose 
of  this  stair  was  not  recognised,  and  the  angle  and  the  passages  through 
the  piers  of  the  west  window  were  built  up  of  solid  masonry.  How  the 
triforium  is  to  be  attained  is  now  a  mystery.  New  high-pitched  roofs 
have  been  put  on,  but  the  same  want  of  true  archsoological  feeling  is  again 
apparent ;  the  design,  of  poor  ship-tirober-Iike  construction,  has  been  re- 
peated over  nave,  transepts,  chancel,  and  sacrarium,  without  the  slightest 
difference  or  enrichment,  presenting  the  appearance  of  having  been  made 
by  machinery  to  cover  a  given  space. 

That  there  is  still  danger  to  be  dreaded  when  ancient  buildings  are 
approached  we  have  another  proof  in  the  treatment  lately  suffered  by  the 
Abbey  church  at  Hexham.  In  this  beauliful  siracture,  founded  in  Saxoa 
times  by  Wilfred,  the  first  Bishop  of  Hexham,  in  such  magnificence 
that  there  was  nothing  to  compare  to  it  on  this  side  of  the  Alps;  where 
the  Venenible  Bede  was  invested  with  the  order  of  priesthood,  and  which 
was  subsequently  destroyed  by  the  Panes,  rebuilt  in  the  Early  Enghsh 
period,  and  then  burnt  by  the  Scots,  in  which  conflagration  the  nave  was 
utterly  consumed ;  repaited  in  the  age  when  the  Perpendicular  style  pre- 
vailed, and  eulurged  by  adding  a  Ludy-chapel  at  the  cast  end, —an  en* 
lircly  new  re-arrangcment  hai?  just  been  ftFecicd  with  most  unsatisfactory 


24  Firmm  At  Tjfm  ta  im  FwodL  7^7r 


iLJiuta,  JkAer  dbe  nmnhiiatinn  it  *iie  luwe,  die  cxmrnsL  jviuisi  '^nn  •soci' 
nnm.  .n  ±e  3n<c  uuumcs.  snuuted  imc  jf  sanaega  jmt  item^  wita.  due 
additton  if  •^**  '«r^  Uuiv-«2tBiiei  xneatiaiietL  Ths  ■nfr'*ii  ™iwT*fi  ritjltny 
into  a.  ^vsy  dilaiiictatBct  acadiiiaiu  ax  ammgcnBic  -^ram  mmOB  m  !iie  laot 
ccuui  /  tD  IBB  uiie  JLboer  chiMii'Ji  niMifBit :  bhe  csumca  'j£  whicn.  was 
accaniixx^hr  ictea  op  'with.  gBtlprfa  avi  iiuingiit  3i  omviiie  M^tMiimHiwiariitit 
In  :be  feegnr  reninracian*  ■*■*— ^  .if  Demarinc  the  znilcces  ailns'^dier.  ami 
the  Httu^9  to  die  TtBomastBi,  3aw  an  unnifsuB  ^Rwamc  sacs,  die  auBuni 
iiaa  leen  Tacked  fbil  it  ekw  «k  iiPTghp^.  ewy  maoBBt  amrs  .cuiu^wL 
-lyitf'imrimg'  *h^  Ladv-<3UHKi*  iWQ  mediaTaL  ^uitMs^  and  i  ^iasnn  qtubcdiiL 
and  die  *viioie  aanecr  aiade  at  niadBii.  aa  auaime.  Sven  '.he  '.ja  wni  jak 
stalls  3>r  die  'Smana  Texe  apraated,  and  ire  now  «t  in.  ^ntinniC  disr 
book-^KuuTia.  s^^fmt^  die  waila  of  die  aiaieai  Uba  ofitor  ^li  '*  r't*  Binlder* 
recadr  :»iled  attention  gd  a.  aiecs  oar  FFftritiaiii  vamdaiiBn  ^^vordiv  of  rW 
Dnnea  dieBueivea.  A.  iuigs  'mttine  waa  made  dnnu^  die  wiude  lenedt 
oiadie  tmuHpta  cbr  die  pnrpfiie  it  laTin^  duwo  an  ar-annn :  wmidx  cue 
tin^  fiiUr  ax  feei.  deep.  IJl)  fietf  loiig;  and  sz  oeet  wide,  tob  ine  dirann. 
a  larer  it'  cofina-— die  hnnai  'it  xenaatxaii&  ^^ir  waa  diia  ail :  wnac  die 
fpade  caat  m — mismenta  of  ^kpitfnBa.  dcuOa.  pomtBK  ^li  otafin^  te.. — 
a  moQidenn^  mil,  waa  atted  into  die  uhuiunyaRt :  and.  die  auMirain 
atoated  in  due  fldabnaiia  niartEr  waa  iScmBvd  in  with  omnustune^  oudexn. 
and  anrimt  aome  'if  diem  leme'  if  >K]nmBL  inHiiiiaL 

On  HJoiy  Ldand  dis  rfrmaina  it  Litutimine  P^-iorr  •drarch.  aacred  tn  dm 
menMary'  iif  3t.  Cntiitierf.  die  diicuiiuptuiie  ami  poadninunia  tmimiear  <m£ 
Dnrtiam  CathrrtraL  haae  jkemae  amfered.  Tben  waa  ane  «]t  die  difaa  of 
die  rower  ip'iiiiiiiu^  if  dnv  maBiiw  Timnan  ediuia.  which*  hi^  up  in  die 
air.  ^^nmA  die  waila.  Thia  •*  hnDcuie*  rain"  waa  die  ^nne  to  woidi 
vtHOv  an  scnaoioenad  ailsnmaes  wsaa  made :  sentie  aoii  smpie  aiika  ra-- 
joiced  in  its  ftcm,  vi^uiiiua,  jec  wititai.  meianonaiy  mtiineab  The  recant 
cepaira  ^|f|iT'  tn  have  ijuii  aimoat  <giHiined.  m  a  repedtiaQ  if  diia  tavuiuibB 
and  vpsil*knawa  reatnre.  with  dna  diifenence.  diat  die  spunuua  inawnip 
arck  haa  been  dmiwn  awr  die  eaac  wail  of  die  shancei*  and,  bein^  wxth-^ 
ant  tracexy  <ir  jamiia  tn  oniduce  x  ;^*atrtiii  antJimi.  renuana  x  oseanin^fnik 


4iiq4rt'  nt  anv  of  the  pnncipnL  ODwm^  or  appraauh  a  wnr^uie  ^Uasie,  and. 
it  win  be  a  ram  snsepiian  ht  whiixn  ekw  onarka  at  maaona*  tmiia  atn  not 
mibie.  Ifany*  many  mBnioiia  are  haiiding :  many  are  nawiy  buiit:  and 
mora  bnPB  been  enianped.  Af  Gieawick  and  Saatneid  nnmaifnxs  iif  a  verr 
artiatic  mder  are  m  *xmnm  <i£  '■rectian :  at  EaHincram  'Jiie  'it*  the  seats  of 
Lord  Bavenairorth.  die  aocnrnpiiahed  President  of  die  Newvaade  >u\nt:cv 
of  Afftiqnariea,  ^reat  impmvementa  ire  bem^  carried  oat :  ac  Ijiacgtsrscmw 
there  are  tRmafonnatioiia:  and  Wailingtnn*  die  aeat  at  Sir  W.  £r«vvtlhui« 
1%  oodrr  the  forterin^  ^nidncB  of  Xr.  Ruaiyiu  aeeumui^  arrangements 
i  diat  wiiL  attcact  umidL  oninatv  and  oonunent.     Ntswgaade 


186L] 


From  the  Tyne  to  ike  Tweed. 


25 


itself  can  boast  of  streets,  buildiog-s,  and  shops,  in  some  quarters  of  tbe 
town  worthy  of  a  metropolis  of  the  north ;  and  both  banks  of  the  Tync  are 
fringed  with  mansion-houses  and  villas  for  the  wealthy  merchant-lords  of  the 
district  On  the  banks  of  the  Alne,  at  Lesbury,  where  Miss  Porter  visited 
the  eccentric  vicar,  detected  as  the  original  of  Miss  Barney's  *'  Belmont,'* 
new  schools  and  cottages  are  promising  a  model  vilkgej  at  AlnmouLh  the  de- 
serted granaries,  now  useless  by  reason  of  tbe  inroads  of  the  niilway  system 
upon  the  trade  of  the  port,  are  being,  one  by  one,  converted  into  marine 
dwelling-houses :  in  one  instance,  by  a  few  touches  to  tbe  windows  and 
doors,  and  addition  of  a  bell-cot,  a  disused  granary  does  good  service  as 
a  temporary  church. 

The  condition  of  the  labourers*  cottages  is  also  receiving  becoming 
attention:  there  are  slill  hundreds  and  hundreds  of  them  which  consist 
but  of  four  bare  walls  covered  with  a  thatched  roof,  in  which  even  tbe 
windows  and  fire-places  must  be  furnished  by  the  poor  tenant.  In  thet^e 
miserable  abodes  wooden  partitions  are  put  up,  in  which  are  contained  box 
beds,  somewhat  similar  in  principle  to  berths  on  hoard  ship :  on  one  side 
of  this  double- purposed  arrangement  resides  the  whole  family,  on  the  other 
side  lives  the  cow.  Where  the  nature  of  the  tenant's  employment  is  not  agri- 
cultural, and  he,  therefore,  does  not  keep  a  cow,  the  same  division  is  made 
for  tbe  reception  of  tbe  winter's  consumption  of  polatoea ;  or,  in  the, 
bappily  few,  cases  in  which  neither  garden  nor  allotment  is  possessed,  for 
the  safe  keeping  of  the  coals*  But  the  example  set  by  the  Duke  of  North- 
umberland has  brought  forth  abundant  fruit :  enormous  sums  have  been 
expended  not  only  in  building,  but  in  improving  existing  tenements.  The 
Percy  cottages,  known  at  a  glance  by  tbe  crescent  on  the  doors,  are  now, 
with  scarcely  an  exception,  worthy  of  imitation :  Earl  Grey^s  cottages  at 
Howick  are  so  replete  with  accommodation  as  to  include  iron  bedstead* 
among  the  fixtures :  a  set  of  four  experimental  cottages  have  been  built 
for  the  Earl  of  Tankerville,  at  Doddington,  with  small  dairy,  scullery,  and 
coal-boose  attached,  for  the  sum  of  £221 ;  at  Bock,  at  Hedgeley,  at 
Craster  and  Hoddam  new  cottages  are  also  asaisting  in  raising  tbe  standard 
of  requirements  to  be  furnished  by  landlords. 

At  Kyloe  and  Beadnel,  at  Chatton,  Belford,  Howick,  and  elsewhere,  the 
tinartistic  and  unecclesiasttcal  work  of  the  last  century— aiming  at  nothing 
more  than  securing  a  safe,  snug,  stone  box  for  a  church— has  been  divested 
of  its  sqaare,  tmsigbtly  outlines ;  and,  with  help  of  a  new  chancel,  or 
tower,  or  porch,  and  due  attention  to  detail,  brought  into  something  like 
conventual  beauty.  The  Venerable  R,  C.  Coxe,  Archdeacon  of  Lindis- 
fame,  brought  tbe  state  of  the  material  fabrics  in  his  archdeaeonry  very 
graphically  before  his  ckrg)%  in  his  last  visitation — an  example  that  might 
be  followed  with  very  beneficial  results.  Such  reports  not  only  indicate 
the  condition  of  ecclesiastical  edifices  in  populous  districts,  but  shew  the 
State  of  tb4»se  that  are  in  inaccessible  districts,  yet  equully  worthy  of  pre- 


26  From  the  Tyne  to  the  Tweed.  [July, 

servation,  and  of  equal  importance  in  their  respective  localities  :  they  are 
also  the  medium  of  bringing  into  notice  praiseworthy  efforts  that  might 
otherwise  escape  notice.  Thus  we  learn  that  in  the  outlying  parishes  of 
Otterbourne,  Etal,  Alwinton,  and  Holystone  there  are  new  churches  in 
very  correct  taste :  at  Chevington  and  Acklington  new  churches  are  build- 
ing :  and  six  others  are  about  to  be  founded  in  populous  districts  on  the 
Tyne  by  the  Duke  of  Northumberland.  The  venerable  churches  at  Nor- 
ham,  Ford,  Rock,  Embleton,  Warkworth,  Hartbum,  Chillingham,  Bam- 
borough,  Doddington,  Elsdon^  and  Morpeth  have  been  zealously  rescued 
from  decay,  in  as  many  careful  restorations.  Merton  College  is  responsible 
for  the  condition  of  the  chancels  of  Fonteland  and  Embleton  churches, 
both  of  which  are,  curiously,  in  a  very  unsatisfactory  state. 

By  this  slight  sketch  it  will  be  seen  that,  although  there  is  yet  much  to  be 
done;  although  there  are  many,  many  churches  still  tottering  on  their 
foundations,  as  at  Alnham,  Bothal,  Ingram,  Eothbury,  Edlingham,  Mitford, 
and  Widdrington;  and  many  interesting  remains  of  ancient  buildings 
fading  from  the  landscape, — witness  the  castles  of  Norham,  Etal,  Dun- 
stanborough,  Eglingham,  Crawley  Pele-tower,  the  Hospital  of  St.  John  at 
Chibbum,  &c., — the  revival  of  an  appreciation  of  our  national  architecture 
has  taken  firm  hold  on  the  English  border.  Thirty  years  ago  the  one 
architect  of  Newcastle  knew  of  no  other:  the  census  of  1851  shewed 
thirty-seven  established  in  Northumberland :  and,  for  the  last  ten  years, 
we  may  add  a  proportionate  increase.  A  northern  architectural  association, 
whose  meetings  are  appropriately  held  in  the  Norman  keep  of  the  fine  old 
castle  at  Newcastle,  is  of  two  years'  standing ;  and  will  doubtless  aid  in 
focussing  as  well  as  distributing  much  useful  information. 

Our  remarks  being  confined  to  modern  progress  we  have  not  sketched 
the  antiquities  of  more  remote  periods  with  which  the  county  abounds : 
but  to  many  minds  the  great  Roman  wall  and  Roman  remains  will  present 
histories  and  studies  of  still  greater  interest.  At  Bremenium  the  exhumed 
Roman  station  is  a  new  mine  for  antiquaries :  and  the  nearly  obliterated 
Roman  roads  recently  traced  by  Mr.  M^Lauchlan  are  also  a  great  gain. 
Then,  the  very  numerous  ancient  British  camps  on  the  bleak  hill-tops, 
with  the  occasional  discovery  of  cists  and  implements,  open  out  the  con- 
templation of  a  still  more  distant  period :  and,  as  a  crowning  puzzle,  in 
the  paucity  of  information  concerning  them  and  in  the  intricacy  of  inter- 
pretation, there  are  the  inscribed  rocks  scattered  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
the  Camps.  The  writing  on  the  wall  of  Belshazzar's  palace  was  not  more 
difficult  to  decipher  than  are  the  mystic  circles  dispersed  over  these  un- 
hewn stones.  Several  theories  have  been  advanced  concerning  them  : 
one  affirms  they  represent  plans  of  camps  ;  another  that  they  record  astro- 
nomical calculations ;  a  third,  that  they  define  the  site  of  ancient  games  or 
rites ;  but  the  antiquary  who  is  able  satisfactorily  to  read  these  hierogly- 
phics may  safely  reckon  on  an  imperishable  fame.     Nor  have  we  dwelt 


1861.]  From  the  Tyne  to  the  Tweed.  27 

upon  the  great  mineral  wealth,  the  marvellous  coal-trade,  of  this  historic 
district,  nor  upon  its  natural  productions.  In  the  Tweed  the  king  of 
fishes,  the  salmon,  holds  his  court ;  the  smaller  streams  twinkle  with  trout : 
on  Cheviot-top  the  golden  eagle,  yet  flaps  his  wings :  the  heathery  moors, 
green,  and  gold,  and  purple  with  moss,  and  furze,  and  harehells,  ahound 
with  game:  and  a  breed  of  wild  cattle  graze  in  Chillingham  Park. 
Where  could  a  summer's  holiday  be  more  pleasantly  spent  than  under  the 
shadow  of  the  Cheviots,  where  the  Percies  fought,  where  Defoe  came 
botanizing,  and  Sir  Walter  Scott  loitered  to  drink  goats'  milk, — where 
there  is  no  dou&ne,  and  the  passport  system  vexeth  not  ? 


CORNISH  TOURS. 


Most  people,  we  believe,  have  read  and  relished  Mr.  Walter  Wliite's 
"  Londoner's  Walk  to  the  Land's  End."  They  have  found  in  it  the  acute 
remarks  of  a  scholar  and  a  gentleman,  and  many  pleasant  descriptions  of 
what  he  saw  and  heard.  But  Mr.  White  laboured  under  the  disadvantage 
of  being  himself  a  stranger  in  the  region  that  he  treats  of,  and  therefore 
he  is  but  an  indifferent  guide.  We  have  seen  two  books,  one  recently 
published,  and  the  other  of  older  date  ',  which  will  far  better  answer  the  pur- 
pose of  any  one  who  may  be  tempted  to  spend  his  annual  holiday  in  the  far 
West.  They  are  both  by  residents  in  the  district,  and  each  may  be  fairly 
said  to  exhaust  its  subject.  Mr.  Johns  treats  of  the  southern  promontory 
of  Cornwall,  and  dedicates  his  pretty  little  volume  to  the  Prince  of  Wales. 
He  divide's  his  country  into  five  districts,  each  sufficient  to  occupy  a  day, 
and  describes  every  object  with  that  minuteness  which  only  the  resident 
can  pretend  to ;  and  being  a  good  draughtsman,  he  presents  us  with  a 
large  number  of  very  nice  small  engravings,  which  are  chiefly  botanical, 
and  are  so  well  done,  that  the  merest  tyro  could  hardly  fail  to  recognise 
the  various  rare  plants  depicted.  **  A  Day  at  Sea"  is  a  novelty  in  guide- 
books, but  Mr.  Johns  makes  it  a  very  agreeable  one  ;  and  an  Appendix  on 
Geology,  accompanied  by  a  neat  map,  completes  a  very  useful  work, 
which  has  beside  the  recommendation  of  being  printed  in  a  convenient 
pocket  size. 

Mr.  Blight  goes  farther  westward,  his  patriotic  intention  being  to  shew 
that "  the  district  has  something  more  to  recommend  it  than  the  mere  charm 
of  its  name — *  the  Land's  End.' "  This  point  he  very  satisfactorily  esta- 
blishes, and  he  has  so  much  to  tell,  that  were  we  to  begin  to  make  extracts, 
we  should  not  know  where  to  end.  We  must  therefore  content  ourselves 
with  saying  that  his  work,  as  might  be  expected  from  the  author  of  the 
"  Ancient  Crosses  and  other  Antiquities  of  Cornwall,"  is  of  a  very  high 
character.  It  has  many  spirited  though  rather  rough  engravings,  and  a 
geological  map,  and  whether  used  as  a  guide-book  on  the  Cornish  coast, 
or  read  by  the  home  fireside  in  winter,  will  answer  every  expectation  of 
even  the  most  exacting  reader. 

•  "A  Weftk  at  the  Lizard."  By  the  Kev.  C.  A.  Johns.  (Christian  Knowledgre 
Society.  1848.)  "A  Week  at  the  Land's  End."  Ly  J.  T.  Blight.    (Longmans.  1861.) 


28  [July, 


BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  NOBHANLY*. 

All  those  who  have  been  acquainted  with  Normandy  during  the  last 
forty  years,  or  with  the  books  relating  to  Normandy  published  during  the 
same  interval,  are  acquainted  with  the  name  of  M.  Edward  Fr^re,  for  so 
many  years  the  chief  bookseller  of  Rouen,  and  indeed  of  the  whole  pro- 
vince. His  retirement  from  business  in  favour  of  his  son-in-law,  M.  Le 
Brument,  was  a  matter  of  regret  to  many,  for  however  estimable  the 
younger  man  might  be,  M.  Fr^re  could  not  transfer  his  knowledge  and  ex- 
perience with  his  stock-in-trade.  We  are  therefore  glad  to  see  that  he  has 
been  enjoying  a  green  old  age,  and  occupying  himself  most  usefully,  in- 
stead  of  spending  his  time  in  idleness,  as  too  many  are  tempted  to  do  when 
they  retire  from  active  trade.  The  work  before  us  is  the  result  of  his 
experience  and  his  diligence,  and  is  highly  creditable  to  him.  From  its 
nature  it  hardly  admits  of  being  reviewed, — who  can  review  a  catalogue  ? 
We  can  only  call  attention  to  it,  and  recommend  it  as  a  fit  companion 
to  Brunet  and  Ebert,  and  Lowndes  and  Watt. 

The  Introduction,  however,  is  of  a  readable  character,  and  here  M.  Frere 
has  brought  his  learning  and  research  to  bear  in  a  remarkable  manner. 
The  account  of  books,  and  libraries,  and  places  of  education  before  the  in- 
vention of  printing,  is  very  curious  and  interesting,  and  contains  little  known 
particulars.  The  following  subjects  noticed  will  give  some  idea  of  the 
great  value  of  this  part  of  the  work,  and  its  interesting  nature  to  English 
readers,  in  connection  with  our  own  history  :— 

*'  A.D.  833.  Abbey  of  Fontenelle,  Normandy.  A  tower  for  the  preservation  of  the 
library  of  the  monasteiy  was  built  in  this  year  by  the  Abbot  Ang^lde,  or  Ans^gise. 
— From  the  Chronicon  FofUanelleiue,  printed  by  D'Acbery  in  his  Spioile^um,  t.  ii. 
1723. 

*'  Eleventh  century.  Schools  fouided  in  every  part  of  Normandy,  and  warmly  sup- 
ported by  Doke  Bichard  II.,  who  collected  the  most  eminent  men  as  teachers,  inclading 
even  some  Armenians  and  Greeks. 

"1001.  Tbe  Abbey  of  Fecamp  refonnded  by  William  of  Dijon,  and  its  school  organ- 
ised on  a  new  footing.  It  soon  became  celebrated,  and  tbe  same  plan  was  followed  by 
many  others.  Among  the  scholars  educated  at  this  school  were  Maurille  (or  Malgerius), 
archbishop  of  Bouen;  Bemi,  bishop  of  Lincoln,  a  very  learned  man;  Turold,  abbot  of 

*  "Manuel du  Bibliographe  Normand,  ou  Dictionnaire  bibliographique  et  historique, 
contenant ;  1"  ^Indication  des  Ouvrages  relatifs  k  la  Normandie,  depuis  Torigine  de 
rimprimerie  jusqu'^  nos  jours;  2°  Des  Notes  biographiques,  critiques  et  litt^raires 
sur  les  ^crivains  Normands,  sur  les  auteurs  de  publications  se  rattachant  k  la  Nor- 
mandie,  et  sur  diverses  notability  de  cette  province;  3<*  Des  Becherches  sur  THistoire 
de  rimprimerie  en  Normandie.  Par  £donard  Fr^  Membre  de  I'Acad^mie  des 
Sciences,  Belles-Lettres  et  Arts  de  Bouen,  des  Sod^t^  des  Antiquaires  de  Norman- 
die^  de  Londres,  Ac.  2  vols.,  royal  Svo.  (Bonen :  A.  Le  Bnunent  Oxford :  Parkers./' 
3 


1861.] 


Bibliography  of  Normano 


S9 


Makoeflbctry  uneler  WiliUm  I,,  aftervrarda  biflhop  of  Poterboroagb ;  Herbert,  bbbop  of 
IUnj»ej  in  1087,  of  Thetford  1091»  and  transfeired  the  tee  to  Norwich.  A  rich 
Ubrmry  warn  ttit«ched  to  the  nbbey  of  Fecamp;  QmGty*fivo  MSS.  which  belonged  to 
it  ire  still  preserved  in  the  library  of  Rouen, 

"  KKJ9.  The  school  of  Bfic,  founded  in  that  monastery  by  Lanfranc^  who  Imd  studied 
law  lutd  the  helle^-UHret  at  Pavta  and  Bologna.  The  reputation  of  his  public  lectures 
beouii0  BO  great  that  the  masters  of  other  celebrated  schools  came  to  him  as  pnpilj. 
He  «nts  asBisted  by  Auaelm,  who  became  bis  snceeasor  in  IQ70,  wlien  Lan franc  waa 
mudtt  ArchbLihop  of  Canterbury,  firat  as  master  of  the  school  of  Bee,  and  afterwards  as 
archbishop  in  1093 1  hut  after  living  a  nnrol>er  of  years  in  England,  lie  returned  to  live 
%t  his  abbey  of  Bee.'  Quudulph,  Amulf,  aud  Emulf,  bishops  of  Rochester,  were  also 
BcbolAn  of  Bec;  Tlieobald  and  Richard,  archbishops  of  Canterbury;  Henry,  abbot  of 
Battle  Abbey  ;  Richard,  abbot  of  Ely  ;  Paul,  ablyjt  of  St.  Albania ;  and  Eadmcr. 

*•  In  the  twelfth  century  the  monks  of  Bec  possessed  two  hundred  MSS.,  and 
boiTowcd  other  copies  for  the  purpose  of  collating  them,  and  obtaitting  more  correct 
texts. 

**  In  tb«  eleventh  and  twelfth  centuries  the  monastery  of  St.  Evrool  was  celebrated 
for  iln  ealigrsphy.  and  a  large  number  of  books  were  written  or  transcrilied  there. 
Orderic  Vital,  the  historian,  was  n  monk  of  St.  Evroul;  JoflVid,  ahlxtt  of  Croyland, 
wm  edttoated  at  St.  Evnralt  uid  established  a  school  at  Cottenbatu.  near  Ciiuibridgo, 
ttitist«d  by  four  of  bis  colleag^ei  educated  in  the  same  monastery.  "Hiey  taught  all  the 
•denoca  except  theology,  and  the  school  soon  became  so  important  that  it  gave  rise  to 
the  Univeraity  of  Cambridge. 

'*  The  Bchooli  eatabliithed  in  connoctton  with  the  cathedrals  and  abbeys  were  the 
otigiii  ol  the  Universities.  The  caligraphists  and  miniature  painters  of  Normandy  were 
cdebrttcd.  The  famous  Book  of  Hours  presented  by  Cbarles  VL  of  Franca  to  the 
DnchesB  of  Burgundy  was  executed  at  Bayeux,  and  cost  a  sum  equal  to  £200  of  our 
niotiey* 

"In  the  thirteenth  century  it  is  reckoned  that  there  were  about  tO.OOO  copyists  in 
France,  who  all  worked  on  parebment  or  vellum.    Paper  waa  not  introduced  before  1 30(X 

"  In  the  fifteenth  century  literary  studies  were  almost  driven  out  of  Frauce  by  the 
civil  wars.** 


RTjyiC  IXSCEIPTIOJSrS, 


PaoFEsaoR  George  Stephens,  of  Cheapinghaven,  proposes  to  piiblhh 
this  autumn  n  work  of  rare  interest.  It  is  entitled  The  Old-Northern 
Kunic  Inscnptions  of  Scandinavia  arid  England,  and  will  contain  about 
seventy  fac-similes,  beside  all  the  necessary  apparatus  of  tables  of  Runic 
Atphabets,  Glos&ary,  kc,  as  well  as  introductory  remarks,  and  a  transln- 
lion  of  every  known  inacription,  whether  on  carved  stones,  crosses,  jewels, 
bmcteates,  or  other  objects.  These  inscriptions  exhibit  our  Northern 
mother  tongue  in  its  oldest  form,  ranging  from  the  third  to  the  tenth 
century,  when  the  fresh  series  of  Scandinavian  Runes  may  be  said  to  com- 
mence. The  volume  will  be  a  handsome  4to.,  elegantly  printed  on  fine 
paper,  and  the  price  is  named  at  £1  Is.  Those  who  wish  to  encourage 
ll*e  author  in  his  laborious  and  most  valuable  undertaking,  will  do  well  to 
forfrard  their  names  at  once  to  Mr.  John  Russell  Smith,  the  bookseller,  of 
8oho.0C)uare,  London. 

Gzarx.  M^o*  You  COXL  B 


-f^     'W. 


30  [July, 


THE  PRIORY  CHURCH,  BRECON. 
We  have  been  requested  to  bring  before  our  readers  the  following  report 
of  G.  G.  Scott,  Esq.,  the   architect   under  whose    superintendence  the 
restoration  of  the  Priory  Church  at  Brecon  is  intended  to  be  carried  out : — 

"  To  the  Committee  for  the  restoration  of  the  Priory  Church  at  Brecon. 

"  My  Lords  and  Geutlemen, 

"In  compliance  with  your  request  I  beg  to  make  a  brief  report  to  you  on  the 
interesting  work  you  have  taken  in  hand. 

"  It  is  somewhat  remarkable  that,  simple  and  stem  as  the  character  is  of  the 
humbler  ecclesiastical  structures  of  South  Wales  as  compared  with  those  of  many 
other  parts  of  the  kingdom,  and  comparatively  limited  as  must  have  been  the 
resources  even  of  those  of  a  higher  order,  the  architecture  of  those  of  the  latter 
class  is  not  only  as  perfect  and  refined  as  that  of  parallel  structures  in  the  more 
wealthy  parts  of  the  island,  but  one  may  almost  imagine  that  even  greater  care 
and  study  were  devoted  to  them,  as  if  to  compensate  for  their  scale  being  somewhat 
less  and  their  number  more  limited. 

"Thus,  in  the  cathedral  of  the  diocese,  while  the  exterior  retains  the  sternness 
of  effect  which  pervades  the  smaller  churches,  the  interior  contains  some  of  the 
very  finest  specimens  of  the  transition  from  Romanesque  to  Early  Pointed  which 
can  anywhere  be  found.  Again,  in  the  cathedral  of  Llandaff  (now  being  so 
admirably  restored)  the  internal  architecture  ranks  among  the  very  finest  of  the 
Early  Pointed  period.  The  same  is  the  case  at  Tintem,  Neath,  Margam,  Haver- 
fordwest, and  in  many  other  instances,  and  it  is  so  in  a  marked  degree  with  the 
church  now  under  consideration,  where,  stern  and  massive  as  is  the  external  form, 
and  moderate  as  is  the  amount  even  of  internal  ornament,  the  quality  of  the  archi* 
tecture  is  as  good,  as  well  studied,  and  as  refined  as  could  be  found  in  any  building 
of  its  period  in  this,  or,  perhaps,  in  any  other  country. 

"  I  trouble  you  with  these  remarks  for  the  purpose  of  shewing  that  in  under- 
taking the  restoration  of  the  Priory  Church  of  Brecon  you  are  preserving  and 
perpetuating  a  work  of  a  high  order  of  architectural  merit,  and  one  in  every  way 
worthy  of  all  the  care  which  can  be  bestowed  upon  it. 

"  I  am  not  well  acquainted  with  the  history  of  the  church.  It  is  said,  I  believe, 
to  have  been  rebuilt  soon  after  the  Norman  Conquest,  but  I  have  found  in  it  no 
traces  of  work  (the  font  alone  excepted)  of  a  date  earlier  than  the  thirteenth 
century. 

"The  eastern  portions,  including  the  chancel,  the  transepts,  and  the  central 
tower,  are  (some  subsequent  alterations  excepted)  of  one  date,  and  the  result  of 
one  effort.  They  are  of  the  early  style  of  Pointed  architecture,  but  in  its  more 
advanced  form,  dating,  perhaps,  from  1220  to  1230. 

"  The  chancel,  which  is  of  four  bays  in  length,  is  a  noble  specimen  of  the  style 
of  the  period.  It  was  intended  to  be  vaulted,  but  it  is  probable  that  this  part  of 
its  desigu  was  never  carried  out  beyond  the  erection  of  the  vaulting-shafts  and 
springers.  The  side  bays  contained  fine  triplets,  and  the  east  end  a  window  of 
five  lancet  lights,  all  remarkable  for  their  great  internal  depth.  The  first  bay  on 
either  side  contained  richly  moulded  openings  into  the  side  chapeb,  and  the 


1861.] 


T%e  Priory  Churchy  Brecon. 


31 


soli 

^fori 
- 
Mat 


rcmnms  hare  recently  been  discovefed  of  the  sedilja  and  triple  pfsciiia,  all  on 
rather  a  lar^e  scale. 

**  On  either  side  of  the  chancel  have  been  two  smidl  chapels,  vaulted — or  mtended 
to  be  so — like  the  chancel,  of>eiiiug  into  each  transept.  These  hi*ve  in  each  case 
been  sltered.  Thost!  on  the  nortli  were,  during  the  fourteenth  century,  thrown 
togt-ther  «nd  lengthened,  so  as  to  fonn  one  lar^  chapel,  greatly  to  the  detrimctit 
q{  the  dcaigu,  while  on  the  other  side  one  chapel  has  disapfieared,  and  the  other 
in  some  de^ce  altered  and  a  vestry  added  (of  rather  \m  early  dute) 
its  caste  m  end. 

*'The  nave,  with  it*  aisles,  is  of  the  fourteenth  century^  and  is  simple  and 
dignified  in  its  character,  while  the  massive  tower  rising  in  the  midst  assumes  on 
A  grander  scale  the  same  stem  and  fortress-like  aspect  which  characterizes  the 

laller  towers  throughout  South  Wales. 

"The  present  condition  of  the  interior  of  this  noble  structure  is  tnelancboly  in 
cxtTenic.  Though  its  dimensions  are  by  no  means  such  as  to  cause  incon- 
Tcniencc  from  using  it  in  its  integrity,  the  nave  alone  is  made  use  of  for  Divin© 
Service*  the  whole  of  the  eastern  portions  being  partitioned  off  by  an  euormous 
glajBcd  screen.  The  most  beautiful  hidf  of  the  church — thus  placed  without  the 
pole — is  left  in  a  state  of  deplorable  desolation,  lltippily,  the  structure  itself — so 
fftr  at  lenst  as  concerns  its  walls — is  sound  and  substantiaL  T[ie  good  old  builders, 
though  hardly,  we  can  suppose,  foreseeing  the  disresjiect  to  which  iheir  work 
would  for  a  time  be  subjected,  nevertheless  practically  provided  against  it  by  the 
aolidily  and  good  construction  of  the  stonework,  so  that  wo  bave  not  any  very 
fornudflble  constructive  repairs  to  undertake. 

'^This  b  in  every  way  a  very  fortunate  circumstance,     The  great  object  of 

itoration,  so  far  as  relates  to  the  architecture  of  a  building,  is  eoH^^ermition.  In 
ftotoring  an  ancient  church  we  do  not  wish  to  smarten  it  up  and  make  it  look  like 
a  new  one ;  on  the  contrary,  wft  wish  to  hand  it  down  to  future  generations  aa  a 
genuine  work  of  ancient  art ;  not  only  made  worthy  of  its  sacred  uses,  but  pre- 
aenrcd  as  a  rerliablc  and  trustworthy  production  of  the  art  of  the  age  in  which  it 
WM  erected.  The  less  then  of  new  work  we  have  to  insert  the  better.  AVe  should 
seek  to  avoid  all  conjectural  work  of  our  own,  and  to  confine  ourselves  strictly  to 
tlie  conservative  restoration  of  the  eidsting  bnildbg,  or  of  wbat  it  may  clearly  be 
proved  to  hnve  been. 

**  Thus  mterniilly,  the  leading  operations  would  i>e  as  follows : — To  cleanse  from 
whitewash  nil  the  stone  dressings,  repairing  such  parts  as  are  seriously  damaged, 
but  preserving  all  leamants  which  may  be  discovered  of  ancient  colouring,  whether 
on  stonework  tr  plaster ;  to  re-pave  the  floor,  retuining  the  ancient  nionuiiieutal 
stcnes,  but  laying  them  hollow  ufion  a  bed  of  concrete  so  as  to  put  an  end  to  their 
tniicrublc  darnpncss,  and  generally  to  put  the  whole  into  a  perfect  state  of  repair. 

*'  In  the  chancel  I  would  take  one  step  beyond  the  restoration  of  wbat  now 
exists,  or,  perhaps,  has  eitisted, — 1  mean  the  completion  of  the  stone  vaulting, 
lihout  which  Lilf  the  beauty  of  the  origliiid  design  is  lo^t. 

The  north  chapel  will  demand  more  structural  restoration  than  most  parts, 
mnch  IIS  its  windows  have  lost  their  inullions  and  tracery.  These  may  pretty 
safely  be  restored  from  those  of  the  aisles  of  the  nave,  with  which  the  east  win- 
dow of  this  chapel  agrees.  It  may  be  askeJ  why  we  s!»ouId  not  restore  this  chapel 
to  il4  orjgiufd  fiirm  ?  As  a  matter  of  taste,  I  would  most  gladly  do  this,  but  when 
it  is  cou&idrrcd  (hat  the  alteration  was  made  as  early  a*  the  fouriceoth  century  and 
ki  cucval  With  ttic  nave  of  the  church,  and,  on  the  other  haud,  that  the  original 


82  The  Priory  Church,  Bream*  [J«l7» 

design  of  the  cbi4)els  is  not  quite  certain,  I  think  it  will  be'igreed  that  we  should 
be  going  beyond  what  is  proper  if  we  were  to  attempt  it.  I  must^  however,  ooofeaB 
that  I  am  perplexed  as  to  what  to  do  with  the  roof  which  now  coYen  foor  entire 
windows  of  the  chanoeL 

''One  of  the  transept  roofs  is,  I  believe,  is  such  a  state  of  decay  as  will  require 
either  extensive  reparation  or  renewal  I  should  deaire,  if  possible,  to  restore 
both  of  these  roofs  to  their  original  pitch. 

*'  The  upper  stage  of  the  sower  is  a  great  deal  cracked,  owing  to  the  maloon- 
struction  of  the  roof,  which  has  no  tie  whatever.  A  considerable  amount  of 
reparation  will  be  consequently  demanded  both  to  the  walls  and  roof. 

''The  floors  of  the  tower  will  also  want  reparation ;  and  an  oak  ceiling  must  be 
placed  under  that  which  is  visible  from  the  church. 

"Externally,  the  walls  demand  a  certain  amount  of  reparation  and  pointing. 
The  foundations  must  be  examined,  drained,  and  underpinned  where  necessary. 

"The  glazing  generally  must  be  renewed. 

"Finally,  the  interior  must  be  prepared  for  use  by  proper  fittings  and  the  present 
glazed  screen  removed. 

"The  cost,  so  far  as  applies  to  the  transept  tower  and  chancel  aisle,  I  estimate 
at  About  £2,000. 

"  I  have  the  honour  to  remain,  my  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 

"  Your  very  obedient  servant, 

"Geo.  Gilbbbt  Scott." 


Restoration  of  Daknick  Tower. — Some  eighteen  months  ago  the  idea  of 
restoring  this  old  tower  to  something  like  its  former  appearance,  and  rendering  it 
habitable,  occurred  to  Mr.  John  Heiten,  of  Edinburgh,  the  proprietor.  Meeting  with 
a  suitable  tenant,  in  Mr.  Murray,  of  Newcastle,  means  [were  at  once  taken  for  its 
restoration.  Assisted  by  the  antiquarian  and  artistic  judgment  of  Mr.  Currie,  the 
work  has  now  been  accomplished,  and  this  fine  old  Border  tower  is  open  to  visitors, 
who  may  in  it  see  as  good  a  specimen  of  the  old  pele-house,  or  laird's  dwdling  of 
300  years  ago,  as  is  to  be  found  in  Scotland.  Among  other  restorations  we  maj 
notice  the  fitting  up  of  the  Heiton  crest  in  the  east  wall — ^the  bull's  head  sur- 
mounting a  shield  bearing  two  stars.  The  interior  contains  four  large  square 
apartments,  one  above  the  other,  some  of  which  have  been  re-floored,  the  walls 
plastered,  and  all  put  in  thorough  repair.  Two  of  the  rooms  are  adorned  with 
sculptures  corresponding  with  the  mediaeval  character  of  the  building.  The  original 
ancient  doors  and  locks  are  still  m  use ;  the  former  studded  strongly  with  great 
iron  nails,  and  the  latter  of  prodigious  size  and  strength.  One  of  the  most  pleasing 
views  of  the  vale  of  "fair  Melrose"  is  obtained  from  the  battlements  of  the 
tower,  which  overlook  the  "old  abbaye,"  the  windings  of  the  Tweed,  the  triple 
Eildons,  and  the  whole  valley^ north  and  south. — Border  Advertiser. 


186L] 


88 


(©riQUial   ©otiimriiw* 


yraXS  a^d  INYENTOEIES.  cork,  temp,  ELIZAEETH. 

n. 

WILL  or  HENRY  BROWNE,  or  KINSALE,  proved  Sept.  15. 15S2. 
In  Dei  nomine  Amen.  Ego»  Hen'RICVs  Biiowne  de  Kinsall,  mercator,  licet 
■  corpore,  sanuB  tanicti  nicntc,  ineum  testamentutii  condo ;  corameudo  aaiiuatn 
Deo  patri  ommpoteuti,  totiquc  curitE  ccleatia  ciEiiii,  corpuatjiie  meum  sepe^ 
lieaduiu  in  ecclesia  Sancti  Multosi  de  Keusall  ■,  ia  loco  timjorum.  Imprimis  coa- 
itituo  filium  Patriciuui  ^  meum  heredem,  cui  lego  mesauagium  mere  mansionia, 
cieU'^raque  oinnia,  et  hcredibus  raaaculia  legittime  procreatis,  rem'  gerraaoo  meo 
Joantii  ct  b.  m.  rem'  filio  mco  Andreae  et  li,  m.  rem'  rectis  heredibiu.  Item  lego 
Elioc  Morajne  uxori  meac,  predictum  measuagium  cum  omnibus  redditibus,  et 
etiam  o?cs,  vacciis,  caballos,  grana  mea,  et  niea  bona  mobilia,  durante  viU  sun, 
(tamdiu  vidua  remanscrit).  Item  conimitto  dict4c  uxori  mcBP,  ct  gcmiano  meo 
JohaDQi,  viginti  libras  couvertendos  in  meliorea  quos  potertmt  usus^  ita  quod  quod* 
cunque  per  ebdomadam  lucrabuotur  ex  dicta  summa  pecuniar,  distribueot  secundum 
eorum  diseretioncm,  ad  susti^utatioDem  pau|>erum,  qiiabbct  licbdoniada,  durante 
vita  illoruro,  et  volo  diclam  sumuiam  reraancrc  rectia  heredibus  meia,  ad  prcdictum 
Uftum  in  pcrpctuum;  volo  ijisuper  quod  Superior  Villee  de  KinaaU'"  et  Vicuriua 

*  The  monament  of  the  Br<iwne  family  itill  remains  in  the  churchyard  of  KiusRie. 
It  ia  an  dtar-tomh,  railed  in ;  on  the  top  is  a  large  Hag  det'ortitcd  with  an  elaborately 
sculptured  croai  flor^%  which  occupiea  the  entire  centre  j  the  itiscriptitm,  in  Gotbic 
letters,  runs  round  the  bordure  of  the  flag,  aod  is  slightly  uiutiljit^fd ;  the  following 
part  In  legible :  "  Hie  jacent  .  .  .  Iftudabilis  .  .  ♦  Andreas  Browne  et  Henricns  Browme 
fiUiis  ejus  ct  superior  olim  huju»  opidl  is  , . .  obtit  Sei>,  1587  ille  lG6i."  The  will  of 
Andn^w  wa«  proved  at  Cork  Jan.  16, 1565;  it  ig  preserved  ELinoug  the  "  Browne  MSS,*' 

^  Patrick  Browne  of  Kinsalc.  burgess,  died  162f> ;  he  miirried  Margaret -,  by 

whom  he  had  three  sons;  (1.)  Rkbard,  a  burgess  of  Kinside  j  (2,)  Harry;  (3.)  Andrew, 

Richard's  will  is  dat«d  1658»  proved  1660 ;  he  nnirried  llrsulii  ,  iind  left  three 

iOtiii  (L)  John,  who  inherited,  by  hia  father's  will,  the  half  plongh land  of  W.  Michoh- 
town,  in  the  Uberties  of  Kimale;  (2.)  Andrew;  (3.)  Richard i  and  two  daughters, 
Catherine  and  Margaret*  Kich&rd  names  his  coujiinB,  Patrick,  Dominick^  and  Viden- 
tine;  (Orig.  Wills,  Cork):  thiji  last  waa  a  name  in  the  family  of  Browne,  Lord  Kcn- 
inare.  The  Browuo  family  is  now  represented  by  the  Rev.  Richard  h\  Webh,  M.A.^ 
Rector  of  Dunderrow,  diocese  of  Cork,  who  hm  kindly  entrusted  the  writer  with 
H  valuable  colUetion  of  the  muniments  of  tliat  family;  these  records  date  from 
11  Henry  V.,  and  will  be  referred  to  in  illustrating  these  Wilk  as  the  "  Browne  MSS,'* 

*  The  town  was  (until  the  pa&sing  of  the  Iri^h  Muuicipnl  Act,  3  and  4  V^ic. 
cbftp*  108)  governed  by  a  Sovereign,  with  a  number  of  burgess<*»  who  formed  a  common 

King  Edwiird  III*  grouted  it  a  charter  in  1333.  The  Insignia  of  this  ancient 
ation  were  sold  by  nuctioo  at  Kinsale,  ou  Muy  6, 1861  :  they  consisted  of  u  mace, 
nonteth,  and  Lidle.  The  mace,  weight  79it  oz.»  is  of  the  usuiil  form,  and  decomted  with 
the  arms  of  George  IL  and  those  of  the  town.  The  monteth,  weight  36  o«.,  iu  a  very 
plolii  ves&el  with  the  following  iuicriptions :— **  The  gift  of  Tbomns  Browne  to  the  Cor- 
pomatlon  of  Kinaale,  thrice  Sovereign  of  the  same,  who  departed  Lhitt  life  y"  tenth  day 


w  -'m 


->v.  •.'•■ri.rr  .  -e  r.i-.  a  i-^-:  i.-.-i:ir  .:i  ..:  .:e.--.e'  :■;  ■.  1^  -.i  :p»irr?s.  I".t!n  lec^-  Ai-irt* 
il.f.  -:»■:'..  i.»:fu-.-iJ"j:  i  .  I'-.a  v.'.ir -.-..  ']'::i:  -".r-.  =::i  x2..i::;:. ;  li'i  N:o:i'-L4-jatte,  et 
iai:.T.    :-.i*.i.i;   -.f^-i    ■.-.  M/.i  -  ::.  ::  It  pa  .-.■?!_  '^r.  !:i.i;'  tcit  r::,.  'j-i^.i^'.     I-fini  Jciiisiii 

l'f'.:i\  I-t.-i?:-.  >'  r..^i;i::..  -,r-.-l.:v:s  -.cr:ia  ii-r-p  t...je  Ii;  X!_=;u-.  I'.'tVA  fix  xe« 
4  .Jin. I ^1!  1^.-.  Oeaer^^  "1!.;^  T.f*T  1../.  El'*::aK  t,.x.  T.e:c  v  T-irras.  Leritia 
7.  'i..'ir;'»d.   G^tni-'jiufi  ..*^'P  .^f  i.- j^r.^iC  i":"  T.:ir?'Li.    T-t ..  1..;h  :  ere  EL-.'ie  i':Li-.3i  tini 

▼.    r,rira»,  •*'    i"  .'..Jn:::   if  .--t 7:1  •.r^^-rKj'.^r'..  *::»!:»  T.arrai.     I'-tn:  Jitiaml  R;i5sell 

*:hi  :  .••.i,  ;*M-!T.i^.    i:e-ri  t-^l*:  ■;:'.•:  :'»r.':arrc  in:'!r!'-.r.s  ^enal:^ll  eccit!sLK  car:csiAlis, 

U*:lL  -.?  OE.VETT  CREAL'GEE.  prgtzd  MiJica  5.  :.;^i. 

r.;  -r.i»  ria^TiC  '■.t'  '>><i  A.r.ftn.  I,  GiNETT  Creatgi-e  of  Cjrci??.  viddowe,  bein^ 
irv.'r:  .n  icir.v  %nri  ^t*  ;,*!rfftor  r^T:eri.';rince,  !o  aidke  xy  lasr  w;X  I  bequeath 
my  K.'i>  'o  A..iii-^:it:.ft  ^j'-ji.  inii  TiJ  vA-j  'o  '-.e  hiirT:»ti  -nrl'i'.ia.  Clinste  Church, 
rjor'^xft  f  .f%iT<;  Vj  T.7  a'-':':f^:'v*,  J  .iu.  Cr*iar.rhe.  xj  dTTi;lll:i:i-hoi:*t,  imi  all  the 
rj»r':^r<:f:i:ft  f  :a-:%  xi-j  \f:r-Xit  I'vir.icr-oedii  t::-!  t.j  oes:  cad6:Te.  oce  sheete,  with 
aii  'aMftM.  v/.ris,  *v.0:r''..  i.-.ii  :.:♦=;  larr.^err,  T>a  1^  mj  cask*,  and  orher  trmhre 
hr,ii!i,jM.;ft  It  .:Tt;.  f-r:...  I  nMV.;-:  CL->--r-ia  ^Vi>,er  Vj  *a:.:  J':L:n.  to  tiud  her  meatc, 
^rr.nJ:.-.  \,\(\  ou.a:;:fts  "...i  ii.t:  r.^rrj.  Lerr*  '.o  *a:.i  'rii:ia:i;!i  a  silver  cupp.  a  pair 
r,f  .i;i...;..".!is  *.  .V.7  '.i.riii  ■,»nr-^  ■-.•:: id  -^.'.'a  a  cadd'.we,  a  sl:i.'ece,  foore  bussella  of 
r.r«:A:  ..ur'i;  a  *'-..i.-:f:.l  ,:'  r.ar.trr.  ir.d  ::.7  hca*  o::esr.  I:e?.;  :»)  said  Cbrist-n  and 
.\fa.-rir':fr.  }."  li.ift.  1.1  1.7  oe'.ri^r  "lo  -.e  er.  lallj  -ilTideii  ce:Tii:L*  tlieai,  aLso  10  said 
.\r.».-i'"i.-':t.  ■  ..c  TT'-arfts*.  "'«:-.-:«  .'.an  I  :-.i7p.  1  ryair**  of  traprer*.  aiy  seccnd  beste  bedd, 
a  '^:a\iu,'x%  -1  ir.f;r:r.>,  f.'*rft  ri'..-^r!»:: j  cf  -.ari,  :.AA:e  a  bi^jscLl  t-ji  carley,  a  bnuaett  or 
^ar  v.!:,  ■*«':  .lij  -.f.nMv.i  chl-s:.  hem  to  J^.iia  N^isiie  a  iirisse  pjui  that  lackethe 
01  If:  .»:'/.  I.*'^:*i  I  '':'i^'5  3 J"-  ^iisseus  of  '-.ari  to  'he  «yi  voun^  chvLdrea  tkic  mj  two 
^;i  ..':.*■■■,■"!  ..-*'.'■;  '-.r  L;'r/.i  N:i.-^:: :  aii'i  I'*;:!:  j  VV  :titcr.  IreiiL  lo  i:.7  tw*)  dan ijhters, 
f.;i:u.-r.:.ft  lii'i  E.J  .,  'l.fie  p^iciia  of  w':;ea:,  a;id  the  two  wjorse  bedds  I  have. 
f:r...  "■>  H-iii*.  C  t:  :iKr:.ift  .i.y  r,rsr  r.:i  or  breyd,  a:.d  ri.j  ci.ate  of  broade  cioallie.  and 
to  .ii..l  Kl/a  o-ij  ''/..•:r  r'.u  or  hr*:y«l,  and  my  pLike  coate  wi  h  new  slyves.     Item 

of  ht''.-*-:\v.*ir,  Ar.no  I^oir.in':  K5f>,  »'a!i»  -icae  OS;"  "The  Tf-r't  of  Hu^h  Percivall, 
Rriv^r -i'jTu^  t.j  th«  ^'.^rvi-jrition  of  Kirwile,  Jan.  y  lo.  16o2.  These  two  jil^J  bein^ 
aiitli^l  ^..tf  -t.ir-r  :ir.d  *ix  ou'.irtrs  by  tLi»i  L'orp«jratinii.  Thcma^  Lac»y,  Ksq^  Sovereign, 
l<'..  y-  '.y,  171  i"  Ti..:  la':Ir,  weitfLt  I«.'i  ..z.,  U  thus  m.-writol :— "  The  «irt  of  WILiam 
P:.r .  7'^  ■  •:' i  * :  .i;  f  :or;  orrxr  !■  a  i  r  K \  n -a le.  « >:t. .bt r  y "  J>'  =»,  1 7 17.  M i*'  \V  Ulium  liul len 
>«,v'.  'l\J\A  <'.'\Ti  A-irt  j.iti:r'-»l  wL^n  Lin".  Lniaitr  wra.4  .>.:v=',  1726."  Tne  iLuce  was 
P'j.-f:.ji"7ti  -r.'  t.,,>  iL^v.  l.r.  N-.li-.'an.  '-'-.rk  :  the  mouteth  by  Mr.  Heard,  late  M.P.  for 
tii,;  ?,«.r  .,i.;^-j ;  .i..,l  •.:.,-  l.uil.r  l*y  Mr.  <.'r  .mer  of  K;:;aaie. 

'  S'*:\'  •■  U';rr  ii  nuk/'  si'i:ui:r-d  at  :ae  head  of  a  snia!!  lay  near  the  old  head  of 
A'l'fii.jlti.     A.inHcv^  '  n.K  dark  Larbjnr  of  rlio  ?p«.ckled  tnjut.* 

•  Tlx^'^a  •ima.»!.:j,M!   iror.."4   on  t-ach    =iile  of  the  hearth  werv  sometimes  made  of 
w/y*:!-:,  ^f  ni»:t-I  or  i^iir,  anl  of  vcrj-  larg;;  dimeniioiis.  iHalliwell.i 


186L]         inils  and  Inventories,  Cork,  tttmp,  Elisabeth. 

to  James  Creatjglie  a  Flan(iers  booide  cloathe,  and  a  busyn  of  peoter.     Item  to 
Richiirde  Ponche  a  fync  to  we  11,  and  witU  John  ouge  Colnian  a  lytle  brasse  pan. 

iNViiNiHjRiK. — F}Tste,  fyve  silver  apownes,  two  strings  of  jt-weUs  or  crosses, 
foure  candles tycks  of  brasse,  one  pype  of  oaten  maltc,  and  a  biissell  of  barlej 
m»ltc,  a  morter  of  brasse,  two  brasscn  basyns,  two  blacke  mantells,  one  stone  of 
woolc  and  i^o  a  in  ale  pounds  of  newe  bat  rye. 

WILL  or  ELLYNE  NY*  CONNYLY,  phoved  Jan.  I,  1581. 
Lk  the  name  of  God  Anien.  1,  Ellyne  ny  CoKKYtT,  do  make  my  last  will; 
my  bodie  to  be  buried  in  Christ  Church,  I  appoint  Thomas  Connyly  and  William 
Karoej  my  heirs  and  executors,  to  have  my  house  and  all  that  is  owing  to  tne, 
exioept  as  follows  i  to  my  sounes  daughter,  Mnrgaret  fitz  David,  two  brasen  pannes 
asd  a  pipe  of  barley;  rem*  to  said  Thouias.  Also  to  ny  Ellice  my  coat  aud 
smock,  aud  a  pipe  of  barley,  betwixt  herself  and  Juan  ny^  Mahowny  ;  also  to 
MiLTgaret  Heroano  a  newe  while  mantellj  and  to  Catherine  Tirry  my  table- 
cloaihcs.  Teste  Domino  Donuldo  Doiuiti  saeerdotc  ecclesize  parochialis  sauctze 
Trimlalia* 

WILL  OF  DANYELL  CONWEY,  paov^D  Oct.  8.  157L 
In  Dei  nomine  Amen.  I,  Dan  yell  Con  we  y,  although  siek  of  body  whole  of 
mynde,  do  make  my  last  will,  my  body  to  be  buryed  in  Kylkre'.  I  make  my 
brother  Conogher  my  executor.  I  befjueth  to  Bonogh  mac  Dermod  a  goblet  of 
syivcr  parcel  gyll,  wcyug  xvi.  ownchcs  aud  a  quarter,  which  goblet  ys  in  the  ha»ds 
of  Joim  Skyddy  fytz  Anthony  of  Corck  in  pltdge  for  xx.*.,  said  Donogh  paying 
same,  and  to  the  church  for  my  buriall  other  xi.*.  Item  to  same  Donogh  my 
crosbowc  and  one  of  my  daggers.  To  my  uiothcr  and  my  brother  ComeU  aevea 
platters,  iv.  poryngers  of  newe  pewter,  and  syx  candylealicks  of  brass,  to  be  equally 
devydcd  betwixt  f  hem  twain.  To  my  mother  a  payer  of  hossc,  my  great  coale  and 
my  cap  casse.  To  my  brother  Cornell  a  clocke,  and  a  brodc  clothe  that  I  left  with 
William  Casy  all  lyned,  a  dublet  of  canvas,  a  sliyrtt,  my  sword  and  dagger,  two 
d  gones,  a  crosbowe  and  a  dagger.  To  my  nephewe,  John  Conwey,  all  my 
kya  towileSj  and  do  komit  kepyng  of  same  to  brother  Cornell  during  the 
nonage  of  said  Jolin.  To  Ellyne,  daughter  to  my  brother  John  lute  dcccsscd,  my 
s malic  chest.  To  my  brother  John  oi^  Donovvgh  my  blcwe  cott  and  my  feltt. 
Item  luy  cassockc  of  blacke  wyrsted  to  Sir  ^  Owyn  fyla  Tlioms,  prcst.  Item  I  re- 
lease my  tcrme  of  yercs  to  my  apprentycc  John  Tyrell,  and  do  wyll  my  brother  to 

f  iVy  U  used  before  a  woman*!  name,  and  has  the  same  aigtiifieation  as  Mac  before 
tbftt  of  a  man. 

•  Tlje  Fraoriscan  Abbey  of  Kilcrca  lie*  about  eleven  mile*  we««t  of  Cork ;  it  was 
founded,  according  to  Wure,  in  1465,  by  Corniac  Lord  Miiakery,  who  was  huned 
ih<*re  m  141}  K  being  wounded  at  Cirri gnaiDuck :  it  is  the  finest  mm  in  the  county. 

*  In  the  middle  ages  **  Dominus"  began  to  be  applied  to  cUrgy  lowisr  than  lords 
bi«lK)pB  ami  lords  abbotg,  and  wa«  first  u«ed  to  monks  of  lb©  regular  Ordtrs,  more 
Cfprrmlly  thcwe  who  were  members  of  a  cathedral  chapter;  in  process  of  time  the  title 
wiw  given  tu  all  pariftli  prit'stsj  and  thc^se  in  English  were  always  addressed  as  **Sir.*' 
In  old  Latin  deeds  D,  \b  placed  before  the  nan>e  of  a  priest,  unless  he  he  a  Master  of 
Arts  (Mug.),  or  n  king's  or  hiehop's  chapkrn  (Csipellanns).  In  Chancer  the  pr.eats  are 
*'&tf«t/'  nrnl  nfler  the  Hefonnntiim  the  phrase  was  kept  up,  down  to  Spenaer'a  and  even 
?11  «jme.  The  great  mouHstic  wTitera  are  constantly  dp»ign«tcd  as  **  Dom. 
14                   HI,"  Ac.    The  mcaiung  of  •♦  Doattinus"  in  Uniferaltioi  is  well  known* 


36  Original  Document*.  U^^Jf 

delyrer  bym  his  indenture.  Item  I  owe  John  Sanders,  of  the  cjtye  of  Brisiowe 
in  Ingland,  the  some  of  xx«.,  which  EUyne  Conwey,  alias  Morris,  is  to  pay,  aoeordiiig 
to  coTenant  made  before  William  Galwey  of  Kynahall,  Alderman,  and  othen,  i 
what  tyme  I  was  content  to  rcceyve  at  her  and  others  requests  the  indenter  of 
John  l^rrell,  two  hargobusshes,  the  carpenters'  twoles,  the  pewter  and  candyktyka, 
a  chest,  a  crosbowe,  a  goblet  then  in  pledge  of  ixi.  from  said  John,  with  the  aatit- 
faction  of  said  Sanders,  &c. 

Present,  John  Tyrrell,  Johanne  Oge  mother  to  the  testator,  John  m^  Donogh, 
Cornell  oge,  brother  to  testator. 

WILL  OF  NICHOLAS  FAGGAN,  proved  March  26,  1578. 

In  the  name  of  God  Amen.  I,  Nichola.8  Faggan  of  Corcke,  merchant,  do 
make  my  last  will,  my  body  to  be  buried  in  Christ  Church  ^  I  appointe  my 
doughters,  Annstas  and  An,  my  executors ;  my  brother  John  and  my  brother-in- 
law  Nicholas  Gouldc  tutors  over  my  children,  committing  all  to  my  wife  Catbmne 
Gouldc,  cliardging  her  to  be  careful  of  my  children  and  answer  my  debts.  God 
have  mercy  on  me.  Amen. 

Inventor  IE.— One  grcate  brase  pann,  price  xxx«. ;  foure  smale  pannes,  U. ;  one 
bruinge  pann,  xxx«. ;  an  aquavitu  pott,  xxx«. ;  xii.  platters  of  pwter,  viiii. ;  foure 
poitcl  potts  and  ii.  quarte  potts,  ym.  ;  ix.  pwter  trensures,  m. ;  vi.  porragers  of 
pwtor,  xii//. ;  one  feather  and  three  flocke  bedds,  xvi«. ;  iii.  paire  of  sheets,  viff. ; 
foure  chests,  xx». ;  one  diaper  table  clothe  and  two  olde  Irish  table  dothes, 
xiilr.  ivf/. ;  a  duxeii  table  napkines,  xvid. ;  two  olde  hande  twalls,  iyd. ;  foure  cad^ 
dowes,  XM. ;  xviii.  cowe  hides,  iv/t. ;  xxxii.  stones  of  tallowe,  xxxiif. ;  one  stone 
aniseeds,  iv«. ;  xvi.  stcmcs  of  French  iron,  xxviiix. ;  ii.  bolts  of  canvas,  xxs.i 
a  duxcn  gr)lde  skintirs,  ii«. ;  ii.  pifics  malt,  xm.  ;  one  barrell  of  wheat,  iv«. ;  a  drower 
with  her  apparell,  xU. ;  a  cuborde,  iii«. ;  a  duzcn  sculls,  xm. ;  ii.  carpetts,  xs, ; 
a  black  pinke  gowne  fused  with  budg  \  iv/<. ;  an  other  pinke  gowne  fased  with 
datnanke,  ii/i.  xiii«.  ivd. ;  unotliur  black  gowne,  xxxj.  ;  a  black  saten  dublett,  U., 
given  by  the  widdowe  to  John  Ooul  fits  Edmunde ;  a  red  taffita  dublett,  xxxs. ; 
a  iN;ire  of  liomien,  xviii#.,  given  also  by  her  to  Stephen  Miaghe,  brother-in-law  to 
testator.  Debts  :  Hir  Donoghc  M*".  Cartie,  Knt.,  oweth  me  xxi/t. ;  —  Coursey, 
vi/i. ;  M^  Morrish  Kierry,  Barron  of  Licksnawe,  vii/t. 

WUJi  OP  EDMONDE  FITZ  NICHOLAS  als  FRANKAGHE,  proved 

March  9,  1580. 
In  the  name  of  God  Amen.  I,  Eduonde  pitz  NicnoLAS,  sumamed  Frankaqhe, 
do  make  my  last  will,  my  body  shal  be  buried  in  Peters  Church  in  Corck.    I  leave 

'  The  monument  of  Nicholas  Fnggan  is  still  to  bo  seen  in  Christ  Church-yard, 
Cork.     All  that  remains  of  tho  inscription  is — 

"  Ilic  jacot  Nicolaus  Fagan  Baliv*  Cor 

•  •  •  •  • 

CiitrrinA  (loull  ({uonim  animabus  propicict  Dens 
Amen.     Piitor  Noster." 

In  tlio  centre  is  a  crom  Henry  with  bmneheii,  round  which  is  a  serpent  entwined;  be- 
neath Adam  iind  Kve :  Kvo  receives  tho  fruit  fVom  a  human  figure  in  tho  branches. 

^  The  dri^fliiiNl  skin  or  fkir  of  lambs.     Bndgo  Bachelors,  a  company  of  men  cloathed 
in  lonf(  gowns,  lined  with  lumbt'  f\ir,  who  accompany  the  Lord  Mayor  during  the  time 
and  solemnity  of  his  inauguration.    (Bailey). 
4 


1861.]        Wills  and  JnverUories,  Cork,  temp,  Elizabeth. 


sr 


inj  wife  the  just  hidfe  of  all  my  goods,  thother  halfe  to  Ilicharde  Walshe  of  Corck^ 
mercliant,  executor  of  this  my  will,  who  shall  remember  my  poor  brother  Ked* 
inonde,  my  nyce  Ellen  fitz  Bicharde,  my  soa  Dermods  daughter,  and  mine  one  base 
daugbter  Jobaoe,  with  some  porcion  of  my  gooda< 

Ijn'EifTOBiB.^ — A  pair  of  beads  of  silver,  a  silver  ciipp,  and  a  jfreat  cross  of 
silver,  in  the  custody  of  Piers  oage  m*'.  Masbine.  Item  in  the  keeping  of  said 
Piers,  twentie  and  one  greate  silver  buttons^  ^nd  certain  EmoJIe  silver  buttons,  and 
tea  shillings  olde  holface.  Item  in  the  custody  of  Patrick  Bluett  of  Youghell, 
ft  bygg  bniinge  paan  and  two  smalle  panns,  certein  spitts  or  broches,  with  their 
books  or  brigons,  all  of  yron,  a  gredeme  or  rostinge  yron,  and  three  donge  forks 
with  ccrtcin  other  ^i^^  as  said  Piers  can  tell.  Item  with  Ednionde  Barrett  xxv, 
my  Iks  kyne,  viii<  ploughs,  garraiis,  a  smale  panHj  ii  flagon,  a  brandyron,  a  ploughing 
yron.  Item  I  leave  xx.  shcepe.  Item  with  David  titz  James  of  Bnllynacory,  two 
caodlesiiGks  of  brasse.  Item  the  heire^  of  Burdenstoue  owe  me  two  oxen.  Item 
Dermod  m^  Don  ell  m*^,  William,  oweth  me  tliree  yocalfe  kync,  to  be  paid  at 
St.  Patrick's  nowc  next  to  come,  for  the  which  I  payd  said  Dermod  certain  swyn, 
to  his  contentaciott. 


D!SCO\^RT  0?  AwcrexT  Gravus  in  Dberniss,  Obknry.— a  new  hill  farm  in 
Deemess  having  been  lately  taken  on  lease  by  Mr.  John  Delday,  farmer  there,  he 
Has  been  actively  bringing  it  under  cultivation.  In  the  course  of  his  operations, 
he  has  discovered  beneath  the  surface  of  the  soil  numerous  traces  of  ancient  build- 
ings, and  remains  of  stone  vessels  similar  to  those  which  are  often  found  in  the 
**  broughs"  Off  large  round  towers.  The  writer  examined  some  of  these  relics ;  be 
saw  also  a  stone  so  deeply  notched  at  one  end  that  when  the  other,  whicb  is  very 
thick,  is  fixed  in  the  ground,  it  forms  a  strong  stake.  It  was  of  a  wedge  shape, 
tbe  notches  being  at  the  thin  end,  and  the  thick  end  having  been  evidently  in- 
tended to  be  inserted  in  the  ground.  Similar  atones  have  been  frequrntly  found 
in  the  broughs,  and  in  the  neighbourhood  of  their  ruins.  In  some  cases  the 
notches  or  grooves  had  been  much  worn  by  a  rope  or  other  fastening.  These  ruins 
in  Deerneas  are  on  the  slope  of  a  low  hill ;  and  on  its  summit  are  two  "  barrows" 
Of  grave  mounds.  The  tenant  of  the  farm  has  been  carrying  away  the  clay  from 
one  of  those  to  another  part  of  his  farm.  This  led  to  the  discovery  that  the  barrow 
contained  several  kists  or  graves  of  various  sii^,  in  whicb  were  quantities  of  bumi 
bones;  and  two  rudely  fashioned  clay  urns,  also  containing  burnt  bones,  were 
found  outside  the  kists.  One  of  these  was  removed  nearly  whole,  but  was  after- 
wards broken  by  a  boy ;  the  other  was  too  fragile  to  be  lifted,  but  was  measured 
by  the  writer  in  its  original  position  in  the  clay.  It  was  17  inches  deep.  12  inches 
Hide  at  the  mouth,  and  fi  inches  at  the  bottom,  and  its  average  thickness  was 
ibovc  fivc-dghths  of  an  inch, — Northern  Entigfu 


OwfT,  Mio.  Voi.  CCXI. 


.ML. 


'^r^— 


38  [July, 

2[tttiqaanan  attH  I^iterarg  Stttentgettrm 


SOCIETY  OF  ANTIQUARIES  OF  LONDON. 

Ownro  to  an  accidental  circumstance  our  usual  report  from  the  Society 
of  Antiquaries  has  not  come  to  hand. 

THE  OXFORD  ARCHITECTURAL  AND  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

FlBST  MeETIXO,  EilSTEB  TbBM. 

May  8.  The  Rev.  the  Master  op  Uxiyersitt  College,  President,  in 
the  chair. 

It  was  announced  that  Mr.  H.  W.  Challis,  of  Merton  College,  had  been 
elected  Secretary  in  the  room  of  Mr.  £.  S.  Grindle.  resigned. 

The  following  gentlemen  were  elected  Members  of  the  Society  : — 

Rev.  C.  Hamphrey  Cholmeley,  M.A.,  Magdalen  College. 

Rer.  H  Kamsden  Bramlej,  M.A,  Magdalen  College. 

A.  T.  Barton,  Esq.,  Corpus  College. 

John  E.  Field,  Esq.,  Worcester  College. 

Charles  Bigg,  Esq.,  Corpus  College. 

E.  Chapman,  Esq.,  Merton  College. 

H.  W.  Moore,  Esq.,  Merton  College. 

Professor  Goldwin  Smith  then  delivered  an  interesting  lecture,  npon  the 
"Different  Views  of  the  Character  of  Cardinal  Pole." 


The  following  brief  account  of  his  re-  specific  charges  which   had   been 

marks  has  been  supplied  for  the  Report  against  Pole ;  the  charge  of  misbehavioor 

bj  the  Lecturer : —  towards  the  King  in  the  question  of  the 

He  read  a  passage  from  Burnet  as  giv-  divorce,  of  wluch,  it  was  submitted,  there 

ing  the  ordinary  view  of  Pole's  character,  was  no  proof;  the  charge  of  attacking  th6 

and  referred  to  Mr.  Froude  as  giving  the  King  in  the  book  De  Umiats  Ecdeaim^ 

other  view.   He  observed  that  Mr.  Froude's  which  was  met  by  evidence  shewing  that 

determination  to  clear  the  character  of  the  same  view  of  the  King^s  goyemment 

Henry  the   Eighth   involved  the  ncces-  was  taken  by  impartial  witnesses;    the 

sity  of  condemning  all  those  with  whom  charge  of  shrinking  from  personal  danger, 

Henry  the  Eighth  had  come  into  collision.  which  was  met  by  evidence  proving  that 

He  remarked  that  in  estimating  any  Pole,  while  taking  part  against  the  King, 

character  of  these  times  two  things  must  was  in  imminent  danger  of  assanination; 

be  taken  into  account.    Allegiance,  espe-  the   charge    of   extravagant    jknaticira, 

cially  the  allegiance  of  Churchmen,  was  which  was  met  by  evidence  shewing  that 

divided  between  the  Pope  and  the  King ;  Pole  belonged,  like  Contarini,  to  the  mo- 

and  the  world  had  not  yet  learned  the  derate  party  in  the  Church;    and   the 

doctrine  of  toleration.    The  first  remark  charge  of  persecution,  which  was  met  by 

l>ore    on    the    charge    of  treason    made  evidence  from  Foxe  and  others,  shewing 

against  Pole,  the  second  on  the  charge  that  Pole,  though  partly  responsible  in 

of  persecution.  his  official  capacity  for  the  peisecationi^ 

The  Lecturer  then  proceeded  to  some  had  personally  taken  the  side  of  humanity. 


1 861 .]      The  Oxford  Architectural  and  JJistorical  Societtf.         89 


The  Lecturer  etmcluded  by  recommending 
the  period  for  study,  as  one  of  wbich  tin  ini- 
piirtiiil  history  *tiH  reuiiiined  to  he  written. 
He  pointed  to  the  espfictal  interest  attach- 
ing! to  the  modeimie  party  in  the  Church 
to  which  Pole  belcmi^ed,  and  which  had  en- 
deavoured to  bring  ftbout  reform  without 
A  breiich  of  the  unity  of  Chrintendom. 

The  P&SSIPXKT  returned  the  thunks  of 
the  Sodeiy  to  Profesaor  Goldwin  Smith, 
Mill  mttde  some  remarks  retspectiug^  Pole's 
book  Ih  l/miaie  Eccletia^ 

PBOTBsaoft  STASf  Lii  said  thflt  Mr<  Froude 
was  out  of  England,  or  he  would  no  doubt 
reply.  He  c^ertaiuly  must  be  allowed  the 
merit  of  eaodour,  beottuse  li  aoemji  thut 


he  himself  has  supplied  most  of  the  docu- 
ments which  have  been  used  against  him. 
The  account  of  the  moderate  party,  he 
addcHi,  WHS  certainly  a  moi^t  interesting 
one,  and  well  deserving  of  study ;  and  it 
would  be  curious  to  observe  bow  those 
moderate  views  which  Pole  held,  paased 
off  into  those  which  he  adopted  on  his  re- 
turn to  England, 

The  Masteb  dp  Baixiol  CoLLEOsmade 
some  remarks  respecting  the  Euro^wan 
view  of  Pole's  character  as  a  practical 
reformer,  which  were  followed  by  some 
obaervations  from  the  Principal  of  New 
Inir  Bjj^  and  the  PaEsmsNTi  after 
which  the  Meeting  was  adjoumed^ 


Second  Mfettko,  Easter  Tkbm. 

Ma^  15,     The  Iiev»  the  Mastes  of  TJkiveksitt  College,  President,  in 

the  chair. 

A   letter  was  read   from  the  Incumbent  of  Dorchester  respecting   the 

renewed  exertions  w^hich  are  beings  made  to  continue  the  work  of  restura- 

I       tioQ  there. 

■  The  following  gentlemen  were  elected  Members  of  the  Society : — 

1 The  Hon.  A.  J.  lU  Atihou,  Ch.  Ch, 

^^r  K.  M.  Gawue,  Esq.,  Cii.  Ch. 

^^V  Bev.  W.  Ciittmber»i,  M.A  ,  Worcester  College. 

^^B  Rev.  J.  E.  T.  Riggers,  M.A.,  Magdalen  UalK 

^^B  Kev.  J.  BoBworth,  D.D,,  Cb.  Ch.,  Professor  of  Anglo-Sajcon. 

Professor  Westwood  then  called  the  attention  of  the  meeting  to  a  large 
number  of  very  careful  rubbings  from  the  curious  early  crosses  and  inBcrlp- 
tions  which  occur  in  Wales.  These  he  had  brought  to  illustrate  the  remarks 
he  had  to  make  upon  the  early  Christian  Monuments  of  Wales  contrasted 
with  (hose  of  the  Catacombs  of  RumCf  of  which  an  account  hud  been  given 
at  a  previous  meeting  by  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Burgon. 

The  following  abstract  of  the  remiirks     the  grentcr  part  of  the  country.    There  is 


^^^1 


been  kindly  supplied  to  the  Society 
the  Lecturer  :^ — 
Of  course^  in  number  and  importance 
the  inscriptious  of  Wales  will  not  bear 
a  comparison  with  thofco  of  Rome,  but  still 
they  ore  very  valuable  in  throwing  light 
upon  a  subject  of  great  impurtance  and 
interest,  namely,  the  introduction  of  ChriS' 
iianity  into  Britain. 

The  existence  of  a  Church  in  Britain 

vious  to  the  arrival  of  St.  Augustine  is 

[mitti'd  Oft  all  hands,  and  there  is  little 

bt  that  the  British  Church  still  main- 

tAtoed    ita    separate   existence   in   Wule* 

Uiiii/  ut\.-f  St.  Augustine  had  RomahUed 


another  point  to  he  remarked,  and  one 
which  is  distinctly  recorded,  that  the  Bri' 
tish  Church  was  aaaimilated  to  the  Church 
of  the  *  i^eots,*  i.e.  Irish,  and  very  diQer- 
ent  from  the  Church  of  Rome:  the  con- 
troversies which  took  plnce  shew  at  once 
that  important  points  of  difference  existtd 
between  them, 

llie  Lecturer  had,  at  much  lalx^urt 
sought  out  the  stones  which  remain  as 
recortls  of  those  times,  some  of  which  seem 
not  to  hnve  l)ee[i  toucljed  since  tlie  days 
they  were  pot  np.  Mr.  Burgon  In  his 
locture  lijwl  idreiidy  pointed  out  the  pecu- 
Uaritit^  of  the   iusci'iptiona  in  the  CatA'* 


40 


JnlijMari&m  and  LUermnf  hitdSgemeer. 


[July. 


hcA  M  to  fionrate  and  paleo- 
dwK  IB  Waiti  diftr  exeee^n^ 
both  M  to  the  one  aad  the  other  from 
tboM  IB  Pot,  j«t  of  eonne  there  were 
ItniBeiie  for  ■eay  yeew  in  Walee.  Thkia 
a  enfttcr  diAeoh  to  ezpleiii.  Theii,agaiB, 
there  is  aot  a  angle  indication  of  Chrieti- 
anitj  to  be  met  with  npon  one  of  the 
hnndredi  of  Roman  tombetonei  in  Britain, 
ahhoagfa  the  Romans  occopied  this  eoan- 
trj  lor  400  jeaia.  Either  all  the  Chris- 
tian efidcnees  hare  been  dcstrojed,  or 
there  were  no  Christians  amongst  the 
Roman  eolonists,  or  else  tbey  inscribed  no 
Christian  deoMnt  npon  their  tombstones. 
The  Britirii  eertainly  copied  the  BomaB 
character  of  writing,  for  no  Bardic  writ- 
ings are  found,  all  inscriptions  bdng 
in  Roman  letters;  instead,  however,  of 
being  inscribed  in  the  Roman  nutic 
capitals,  (employed  to  such  a  great  ex- 
tent in  the  Catacomb  inscriptioDs^  that 
the  writer  only  reodlected  one  amongst 
all  those  exhibited  by  Mr.  Borgon  which 
was  not  in  soch  character!,)  the  earliest 
British  and  Romano-British  inscriptions 
were  written  in  ordinary  Roman  capitals, 
olten  of  a  rery  debased  form.  [To  con- 
trast with  this  the  Lecturer  exhibited  two 
Roman  inscriptions  fonnd  in  Wales.  In 
the  one  from  Tomen  y  Mar,  now  in  Miss 
Roberts'  garden  at  Maentwrog,  the  let- 
ters P  and  B  were  of  the  most  elegant 
Roman  capital  form,  as  now  nsed  in  print- 
ing, whilst  on  another  stone  at  the  same 
place  the  word  fkbpitua  is  written  in 
tall  narrow  capitals,  not  macb  unlike  the 
rustic  Roman  letters.]  At  a  later  period 
even  the  debased  Roman  capitals  were  re- 
jected in  favour  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  or 
Irish  minuscule  characters,  of  which  there 
are  no  instances  in  the  Catacombs ;  indeed, 
scarcely  a  single  minuscule  letter  of  any 
kind  is  ever  found  in  Roman  inscriptions. 
Again,  not  only  was  an  early  influence 
from  Rome  evident  in  the  form  of  the 
letters  themselves  in  the  early  inscriptions 
in  Wales,  but  we  find  the  Latin  Innguage 
constantly  endeavoured  to  be  adopted  in 
these  monuments*:   generally,  however, 

•  The  only  early  monoment  written  in  the 
Welsh  language  la  the  famooa  stone  of  St.  Cad- 
van,  of  whioh  a  mbhiog  was  exhibited.    This 


the  LaAinityis  as  dsbased  as  ^a  eharao- 
teiB  in  which  it  is  written.  M oteovar,  it 
naoM  endntthat  inmost  iMtaneaa  ^a 
prevalent  taste  for  the  emplojmeot  of  a 
language  probably  regarded  as  SBpetha  to 
their  own  indoeed  these  early  Christians 
to  giro  a  Iiatiniwd  form  to  their  aamea 
when  inscribed  on  their  tombstooas 

There  are  only  two  or  three  eari j  in- 
scribed stones  in  Sootland,  hot  otte  of 
these  is  especially  of  high  importaaee 
as  an  historical  example;  the  gcna- 
ral  abeenee  of  dates  npon  these  monm- 
ments  being  one  of  the  great  diiBeoltieB 
in  determining  the  histofj  of  thcM  cnrioaa 


The  Scotch  stone  in  question  is  known 
by  the  name  of  the  Cat-stone,  and  was 
fonnd  a  fow  miles  to  the  west  of  Edin- 
burgh. It  is  inscribed  to  the  memory  of 
Wecta,  the  great-grandfather  of  Hei^;ist 
and  Horsa,as  follows:  ur  [h]oc  t[it]- 
inTLO  jac[b]t  tkta  »[iijt8]  Tier .... 
Both  these  names  are  recorded  in  the 
Saxon  Chronicle,  where,  under  the  year 
449,  we  read,  "  Hengist  and  Horsa  were 
the  tons  of  Wihtgils,  WihtgiU  son  of 
Witta,  WiHaoi  JFecta^WeeU  of  Woden  t 
from  this  Woden  sprang  all  our  royal 
fomilies,  and  those  of  the  South- Hum- 
brians  also."  We  may  infer  therefore  that 
this  inscription  is  to  be  dated  about  the 
beginning  of  the  filth  century.  The  let- 
ters of  this  inscription  are  decidedly  Ro- 
man capitals,  though  somewhat  debased 
in  thdr  form,  and  several  of  the  letters 
are  ooi^joined,  as  b  usual  in  the  early  in- 
scriptions. This  stone,  therefore,  both  as 
to  the  formula  and  form  of  the  letters, 
afibrds  an  excellent  medium  of  comparison 
with  the  subsequently  described  stones  of 
Wales. 

It  is  very  unusual  to  find  stones  in- 
scribed only  with  the  single  name  of  the 
person  commemorated.  Such,  however, 
is  the  case  in  the  "  Gurmarc"  inscription 
at  Pen  Arthur,  near  St.  David's,  as  well 
as  in  the  gravestone  inscribed  Fabobst, 
a  warrior  recorded  by  Nennius,  still  exist- 
ing in  the  churchyard  of  Towyn ;  also  in 

has  all  the  four  sides  inscribed,— the  inseriptton 
being  considered  the  earliest  known  specimen  of 
the  language  of  the  Prineipality  ta  existence. 


The  Oxford  Architectural  and  Historical  Society.  41 


iUe  griiv«toac  of  **  BaJtNccr/'  wbicli, 
ftlibotigh  onminentcd  with  a  beautiful  in- 
terlMwd  cmw»  had  been  diitcovered  by  Mr. 
Waitwood  used  as  a  coping-stone  of  the 
cburcbyxrd  waII  of  Ba^lun,  near  Neath. 

PaiUm[Me8t  iiucriptions  are  of  vei^  rare 
i»coiirrcuce.  Such  u.  botrerer,  the  cttaa 
with  th«  Port  Talbot  stofie  ;  one  side  of 
which  h^ni  a  truly  Roman  iiiicriptioti  to 
the  £mperor.  imp.  maxikIko  t5TlCT0 
^VGUB, —  whilst  the  reverse  was  at  a  gnb- 
■eqnent  period  inscribed  Eto  Jaoit  can- 
TTT8tT8  PAT«B  FAULi^TUB,  evidently  in- 
tended  for  the  father  of  Panltnuj,  a  name 
wtiM  ooiutantly  occurs  in  early  Welsh 
1 1  altbough  according  to  the  usual 
\  it  ii  the  90Q  who  is  coatmemorated, 
bef«  both  names  are  written  in  the  nomi- 
itaiivii  ctute.  The  peculiarity  of  the  muue 
cf  the  deeeiued  person  being  often  written 
in  the  gefutive  case  was  alluded  to.  It 
ham  indeed  beet)  tup|>o«ed  by  one  writer 
to  prove  that  the  names  really  ended 
in  t;  but  more  genersdly  it  lA  considered 
to  imply  the  omission  of  the  word  cof' 
jnw.  Thus  the  stone  which,  before  it  had 
been  carefully  read,  led  to  much  di&cussiou, 
hiTing  been  supposed  to  be  dedicated  to 
Jove,  is  inscribed  in  the  genitive  form 
— AiHiLixi  TOTiBAOi:  this  stone  11  now 
foatoved  to  Pool -pork,  Clocaenog.  So  also 
we  have  skterini  fili  sbveri  on  a  atone 
fonnerly  standing  at  LUui  Nuwydh,  Caer- 
marthen,  but  now  moved  to  Tra'^fs  Miiwr. 
So  mlao  In  the  Uaeu  Madoo  inseriptiou 
we  hiTe  the  fomnula  dzbtao —  filits 

ju^L 10  lAcrr,  aud  in  the  Lknfechjm 

stone  still  more  correctly  TEiKACATra  ic 

lAOlT  VII^rrB  If  AGL4GNI. 

Another  ioficription.  In  which  the  gene* 
alogjr  it  especially  set  forth,  occurs  on  a 
ftofie  on  the  Hflrgaui  mouutaiu  in  Gla« 
morgUDshirCi  as  follow s  i  4*  Boi>voo  — 

UlC  ^ACtT  Fluids  CATOTI8IENI  FBON'£PU3 

BTEBJtAXl  TKOOMAT — ,  whlch  the  lecturer 
read,  ■*  In  the  name  of  Jesus  Christ.  The 
body  of  Hodvoc  lies  here,  the  ton  of  Cato- 
tisimos^  the  great-grandson  of  Eternalus 
VedoBievus.**  It  baa  indeed  been  suggested 
that  Bodvoo  was  the  son  of  Catotus  and 
graiidRon  of  Sirnus,  and  that  the  two  last 
words  of  the  inscription  were  iu tended 
for  the  **  etemalis  domus,'*  which  occurs* 


although  very  rarely*  in  Roman  inscrip- 
tions;  but  as  tlie  word  Kturuus  occurs  on 
sevenil  stonea  ae  %  proper  name,  und  aa 
we  have  such  names  as  Vendunmgli,  Mr* 
Westwood  considered  the  former  to  be 
the  correct  reading  of  the  inscription.  It 
is  to  ha  ol)flerved  that  the  name  of  Bodvoe 
IB  found  upon  certain  early  gold  British 
coins,  whii-h  have  been  considered  coeval 
with  those  of  Cunobehnos.  It  is  of  ooorse 
only  a  conjecture  that  the  stone  records 
the  ooiner  of  these  piece*. 

The  usual  formula  of  the  early  Welsh 
inscriptions  is  simply  HIC  jacet  a  filius  B. 
The  termination  *  in  pace/  derived  from  the 
Jewish  inscriptions  and  of  such  oooitaot 
occurrence  in  the  Catacombs,  nowhere  oc- 
curs in  Wales,  Tlie  total  absence  of  any 
indication  of  a  datt\  the  omission  of  the 
age  of  the  deceased,  and  of  the  numea  of 
the  person  or  purs^jns  by  whom  the  gniTe 
wes  erected,  are  all  distinctive  chorfkctera, 
proving  the  want  of  a  comuion  origin  of 
the  Roman  and  British  formultD ;  we  min 
also  the  tender  expressions  and  epithets  fio 
common  in  the  Catacombs. 

The  Lkngad  wolftdr  inscription  in  Angle- 
sea  aflbrds  an  early  instance  of  pompom 
epithets  as  rare  as  it  is  abrard :  catajcakus 
SEX  BAFncirnsranrs  oFOfATiBiMirs  om- 
nium RBGFrM.  Tlie  paliDOgraphic  cha- 
racter of  this  inscription  is  very  unHke 
any  of  thoee  previously  referred  to,  which 
lire  debased  Roman  capitals,  this  being  in 
the  rude  minuscule  letters  formed  between 
the  rounded  uneial  and  cursive  forms  in 
which  almost  all  the  oldest  Irish  and 
Anglo-Saxon  manuscripts  are  written,  and 
of  which  no  examples  occur  in  the  Cata- 
comb inscriptiuns. 

The  next  inscription,  from  Lhmfihangel 
Cwm  Du,  CATACUs  mo  jacit  fujvs 
TBOBUNAOUS,  atfurds  an  instance  in  which 
even  the  father's  njune  is  given  in  the 
nominative  case,  and  in  which  the  forms 
of  the  Roman  capital  letters  become  more 
debeaed,  the  o  bmng  squajre  and  the  &  Eoi- 
nuecole  shaped. 

The  monogram  of  the  name  of  the  Sa- 
viour, formed  of  the  Qroek  letters  XPi 
conjoined,  which  is  of  such  constant 
occurrence  in  the  Catucorobs,  occurs,  to 
the  knowledge  of  the  Leeturer,  only  once 


4^  AmtifmmMm  mmd  LUawry  ImUiaptmeer.  [J^7» 

jL  'ViuiSL  TG0oa.  ft  Am*  jmuL-j  irisxii  ws.         ^^azt  of  tae  iT  bijmWB   iiHul|AkMii  in 

xomattam:.     Txk  umucniiL  3*  ;uh:«ti  as  Wkitt  7K<:cid  oljv  xtat  imo^^  «f  the  d^ 

'zut   JM9ML  of  tut  3MC3Cax.  zi-c  lA^n;  ooMMid  ubc  iiiss  .if  ii»  iisiicr.  viikoBt  any 

j»  "Liii  iiaii£n»  £r.«-fni.r  '..ATLiicaL  vtix  :f  i^ior  >  i^tii.  ie«  sKfecA  visk  ft  croM^ 

viiuK  soinifr  v«  icf  K  imLHikr.  S3l;u*  <r  ccsaaiaflCUiL  aaA  ■■DfCzBCt  of 

iMrrucj.iu  mziiiii-:  Zajtt  ir  :4»i.:r  ^air'*2_      Tie  Boer:*  tt^mt  ^Hmt  f 

MT-.m.  Hirm--  rtrrtrr_iir  fJUitr  !•:  li*  ti.cKC  ':*art  :e*  ;c  Uae  '. 

tefr-mi  »^  .if  .i-liii.rTit  .r  -.  ij«  wJt  ;c  vLJfS  iriiir  Iv^yauck* 

sttfcnuauk.     Ir.irr  irsatutst  hs\  rM-.r^ec  3.  crrnsf  73.  scaAxnaz*  .if  ta*  uawk  tvpe  at 

jM   sxvz^m-juf'   iuKT^Iuec  «w:iii&.  im  iukjl.  ftai  viiek  from  tbe  tfyia 

±z    ZjtsT-rT^  ji  ft  c.  Sit  ^Hrr"uH£  KU  cf  ?A«  JRsen  eia  bis^x  b»  jftur  thaa  tke 

fiiana<^  j  Tzwiiuia  ai  "luic  iccisJca:^  szae  IUb^vt  T3  irC  bear* 

J  WZJZXM,  M^'fZi  CEJCJT   ^Ti  r'KTS  g 

zZ'iTirATrr  xjLf:    zi^=^  is  ri.~K>:aj  as.   .-csasis'ul    cr-aa.      C«e 

.raj-  n.j-"^  i=ii  i«o  Siftaart  iOLzij 

in.  ziMt  "  ■—    ..g-m   -jc  ;^  LTLTnL  :c  IJa&-  i^AJT':arrs  i^  £obi&  ct^ctajik 

mttwn.  VdiT  iJK  'un.'ji&.iu  :f  :a«  pftzrm  Tbi^  Cirvciftr  c&ArafC^r  :f  jb^  of  that 

L&riU-J  .§  a .  -  -  Lfc  -TT  IT  F!"A  ii i*raa*   ;f  loie 

iok  iaias  via  atiarr^i-  sz  Jx'ui&zizj.  I;  ai  ^c  b«  naai  amTAirm 

SAlVRNINV/ii 


nz»Ji    FATSOQ    nxm    AX^r^im    k:c  iar  tb«  jeers*  x?<  .hi  thi*  aitsivS*  cf  tbe 

pArL£5Ts    Lftcn    cuLTJA    ?^33niiSEKT}  ATvie  fts  t&«f  ti.^.  t&«»  S3^  sai&tf  Grs- 

IQTI.  XAic  is  As^^Sax.^  !itr€tvr»  VcASh  ?be 

Ia  uw  B^dii  Pma  Aaoa  Bear  Tnvs-  <3<caiL     At   i;«  t2«  \ftt«rs  v«t«  cvur* 

frnvdii  WIS  nad  PORTv*  ec  ly  ttk^xo  1a-  Jifrwi  :o  S?  H«rtr«w.  wbica  jpak  ftisn  t^ 

err  Zt:x>j  xltA^T"!  fstt.     Hi*  cwatnc-  scene   Sjisa:   piiofd  <£riRvi«    icara.    T^ 

tina  -yf  ^hn  -wrri,  •Jbr-.^ianoa  *a  ?<;izsark-  .^dIt  iastasci?  :2«  Li>vcarvr  «aa  act^tuint^ 

aoie,  sie  x  bcine  5.nitiii  hy  thie  riosdcd  wi»a  •!!  which  th«>  IL'miia  5.^rrzi;t!a*^  lU^^ii- 

iCniLft  if  ua  x .  •-sizssixi^  two   bnacaei  exis "  wai  ^wd.  *:»  «  Tvnr  x:xch  :3;*£:«d 

.  Go  dto  I  aoir  iJia  tf;p.     Li  tht;  P«ii  «tuiw  a£  Hen  E<iwv»^  As^^KMva^  :i  wbxk 

t  w«  aa.Tc  a  larca  ormamanral  only  nurs  «  t  . . .  ~  ^  ? 

i  visiui  a  didie,  har-  ar«  ApripfMrahhg> 


1861.]      Tfic  Oxford  ArcMteclural  and  ITisforical  Saciety.  43 


lljft  name  given  to  the  tomb  Itself,  or  to 
the  ooromeinorfttive  stone,  deserves  notice. 
Tbui,  wbilst  in  ^neral  an  upright  fitone 
bean  tlie  fimple  *'  hie  jneitp"  iti  notne  rare 
iniit^inrcs  we  rend  '*  hie  in  ttunolo  jncit," 
and  **in  hoe  tnroola**  In  the  liiinfi* 
hftngel  y  IVaethaa  inscription  we  tind 
••  H,  c«t  sepulchmm  "  &c. ;  In  the  Carau- 
sios  Inscription  "  — jactt  in  hoc  congeries 
lf»pidnm;'*  in  the  Bronweg  stone  " — crejiit 
hunc  kpidein;"  whiUt  in  the  Uter  in- 
»|wTe  "Hec  est  crux  criati 
fcrit— ." 

A  ramurlmble  pecoliority,  first  pointed 
out  bjf  the  Lecturer  some  years  n(3^,  dis- 
tiDgaisbes  these  Welsh  inscriptions  from 
tbow  of  Cornwall,  the  Isle  of  Mnn,  Ctmi* 
berland,  and  Scotland,  und  aaalmiUitee 
them  to  many  of  the  early  Irish  inscrip- 
tkna.  In  some  of  the  Wclah  inscription* 
the  edg«  of  the  stone  appears  to  be  notched 
invgolarly;  but  this  is  not  accidental, 
■tnce^  00  cxatnitrmg  the  stone  carefully,  it 
will  be  fmind  that  these  marks  were  made 
with  a  purpose  j  and  on  clostrr  ejiamination 
it  has  been  foand  that  in  their  various 
Arrangemetit  they  form  an  alphabet,  to 
which  the  name  of  Ogham  has  been  ap- 
plied, and  to  the  ejiplanation  of  which  Ilr* 
Graves  has  devoted  a  great  degree  of  at- 
t«nti(m<  In  Wales,  however,  a  bilingual 
stone  has  been  fortunately  found,  at  the 
eburrb  of  St.  Dogmad,  near  Cardigan, 
The  Latin  runs  thn^— «aobani  riu  cr- 
jroTAMi,  The  Oghnm  translation  and  cha- 
racters on  the  e*lge  arc  ideiiHcally  the 
same,  with  one  cjtoeption,  and  that  a  very 
natural  oiie,^ — ^inst«^ad  of  FiLr  we  find  the 
Oiltic  equivaleot  Kaqi,  (=  Mac :  Weliih, 

The  Lhm  Vaughan  stone,  TREyjLCATra 
IC  ^ACiT  FiLiUs  KAGLAOKi,  ako  beats  an 
liinn  murginal  inicriptioti,  which  rom- 

uven  TRJCNACATLO.  The  Trallong  in- 
scription, which  reaik  cfxocrnki  filivb 
cn'KooitKt  HJC  lACiT,  ha*  Ogham  charac- 
ter*, the  commenceroimt  of  which  is  to  be 
read  cvkacef.  This  itnue,  which  cannot  be 
Ut«r  than  the  Hftb  or  sixth  century,  bears 
a  Greek  cro«s  within  a  circle,  nccompiinied 
by  a  long  «tein  running  down  the  centre 
of  the  stone. 

At  a  si^muwhat  later  period  these  stones 


1)ecame  fnr  more  ornate  in  their  cbitracter. 
The  two  beautiful  crosaes,  of  which  draw- 
ings of  the  full  sixe  (13  or  14  feet  high) 
were  exhibited  at  the  end  of  the  room, 
shew  great  beauty  of  worlimanahip  j  but 
unfortunately  the  tnscrjptiong,  although  in 
finr  preiCrvation,  are  not  to  be  deciphered, 
consisting  in  one  case  (thut  at  Nov*  rn)  of 
initiah;  the  other  (Carew)  has  a  regular 
inaeription,  hitherio  undeciphered,  [see 
next  page]. 

There  are  two  peculiaritie«  to  be  men- 
tioned respecting  the  ornnmenU  of  the 
Welsh  crosses  and  ornamental  stones.  We 
never  find  In  Wnles  the  pattern  formed  of 
several  spiral  lines  converging  to  a  point, 
which  IB  so  comoion  In  Ireland  ;  nor  do  we 
ever,  «econd]j,  find  reprt^eiitntiona  of  ani- 
mabi,  which  are  alao  very  common  features 
in  the  Irish  and  Scotch  crosisea.  The  pat- 
terns consijit  chictly  of  the  ribbon  pattern, 
most  elaborately  interlaced,  or  of  a  Chineae- 
like  pattern,  fonuetl  of  diajjronal  or  straight 
lines,  which  seem  rather  to  be  the  bars  of 
separation  between  ribbons  bent  at  right 
angles  or  obriquiJy.  Unlike  the  Iri*h 
and  Scotch  crosne*,  also,  the  Welsh  ones 
Hcurcely  ever  be-ar  representations  of  the 
human  figure,  whiUt  the  greater  namber 
of  them  are  inecribed,  thus  remarkably 
differing  from  the  Irish  and  Scotch  ones. 
It  is  also  to  Ik?  noticed  that  the  orna- 
mente«l  crosses  are  divided  into  compurt- 
ments,  and  exactly  the  same  arrangement 
Is  found  in  Uie  great  initial  illuminated  let- 
ters of  the  most  chborute  of  the  Irish  and 
Anglo-Saxon  M8S.  (specimens  of  which 
were  ejthibited),  especially  from  the  Gospels 
of  Lindisfame,  long  preserved  in  the  ca- 
thedral of  Durlnim,  and  the  Gospels  of 
Mac  Regal,  in  the  Rush  worth  MSS.at  the 
Bodleian  Library,  from  which  it  was  quite 
evident  that  both  clauses  of  productiom 
had  been  executed  under  the  direction  of 
the  same  artista  and  at  the  same  period. 
When  it  is  remembered  that  the  Lindis- 
fa:ne  Oospelii  were  written  not  later  than 
A.D.  721,  the  importance  of  this  observa- 
tion will  be  evident. 

Some  of  the  ornamental  stmiea  in  the 
south  of  Wale»  arc  of  the  most  elaborate 
anil  bottatifkil  character.  Rnbbings  of  the 
proat  wlv!<l-aroMi,  and  the  croitsof  Eitdamn 


186L]      Tht  Oxford  Architectural  and  IRsiorical  Society.  45 


mi  MArgam,  the  cross  of  Howelt  at  Llan- 
twifc,  St.  8iKii8on*i  criw*  at  the  lutter 
plikoe^  inscribed  with  the  historic  names  of 
St.  Samsou,  Iltyd,  SamacI,  and  Ebi§ar, 
and  the  eUborntcly  omflmentcd  cross  of 
Eiodoti.  were  erUibited,  ag  w«U  as  of  the 
two  smuU  stones  at  Penally,  of  whieh 
H^iirw  «re  given,  the  inscription  upon  one 


ifbonc*  frcca  Pun-k^ij. 


T    nr.y. 


of  whioh  it  to  be  read,  heo  rht  crttx 

QITAM  JTOlFICayiT  SLAIL  DOMKC  .  .  ,  .»  tllO 
letters  being:  of  the  Hibemo-Saxon  mintis- 
cnle  form.  The  two  kinds  of  oniAiiient 
mhoTw  doMTibed  will  also  be  here  noticfMU 

TliB  miyority  of  the  early  Webb  stones, 
as  we  have  seen,  bear  Latinized  names,  and 
inscriptions  intended  to  l>e  in  tbc  Ijatin 
language.  Scarcely  a  single  instance,  how. 
svtr^  11  known  of  thciroccurTence  otherwise 
tliati  In  %  debased  form.  A  few  additional 
of  this  were  given :  thus  at  Cefn 
'lob*   Anglesea,    we    reud,    Sen Jk  errs 

mo     JACIT     CUM     MTTLTmrDIWEM 

kTuni^    probiibly    couimemorativc    of 
G  t  jf T   ^f  kG.  Vol.  CC\  I . 


the  massacre  of  the  iuhabitanta  of  a  ns 
ligiOQS  bouse.  At  Margam  a  small  whocl- 
cross  is  inscribed  iNoinMEi>tBUMi  oarx 

CEITDI  PBOPABABIT  GRFTNE  PUO  AlfKA 
AJIKST,  evidently  to  be  read,  "In  nomino 
dei  anmmi  crucem  cristi  preparavit  grutne 
pro  aniraa  ejus/'  So,  agnin,  the  very 
iK^utlful  wheel-erofl®  at  Lh^ntwit,  erected 
by  Howell  for  bis  father  Rees,  is  inscTihed, 
ty  NoirrNE  m  i-atuis  kt  spEBjsTra 
sxNTOt  [spiaixra  bancti]  anc  cbuceh 

aOTELT  FROPEBABIT  TKO  ANIMA  B£S 
PATaES  BUS, 

It  will  be  recollected  tlmt  Mr,  Bnrgon 
exhibited  a  rubbing  of  a  single  female 
figure  from  the  CHtaoonih*^,  in  which  tho 
arms  ai*e  uplifted  and  the  hands  ont- 
strctched^  an  altitude  which  has  ordi- 
narily been  considered  to  he  that  of  prayer 
in  these  eiirly  naonumeDts,  In  the  Welsh 
stones  we  have  two  or  three  similar  in- 
staniu?s»  of  which  rubhings  were  exhibited. 
In  one  of  these  the  figure  is  nearly  of  life 
size,  and  occuth  in  tbu  grocmils  of  GnoU 
Castle,  near  Neath*  Another,  of  gmnllcr 
size,  accompsLnied  by  two  Greek  crosses 
and  interlaced  ribbon  ornaments,  bai  been 
found  at  Llanfrynaeh,  near  Brecon. 

Tlve  only  representation  of  the  Cruci- 
fixion with  which  the  Lecturer  was  ac- 
quainted is  found  rudely  delineated  on  & 
stone  ot  Llangan,  Giamorgnnshire.  The 
figure  is  very  distorted  and  grotestiue,  and 
similar  to  some  in  Ireland,  having  the 
sponge  and  spcar-bcarers  at  the  sides  of 
the  cross. 

Of  figures  of  a  secular  character,  of 
wliicb  the  crosses  of  Ireland,  the  Isle  of  Miin, 
and  Si'othHid  exhibit  so  many  instances, 
there  is  scjircely  a  single  instance  in 
Wales.  The  most  remarkable  is  that  of 
the  warrior  'hriamail*  at  Llnndeviiitog, 
near  Brecon :  bore  a  rude  figure  of  the  de- 
ceased is  represented  standing  erect,  each 
hand  holding  a  club.  The  stone  is  snr* 
mounted  wilh  a  beantifully  ornameDted 
Latin  cross,  and  the  sides  with  interlaced 
ribbon  pntternst  the  name  itself,  preceded 
by  a  tt  being  inscribed  beneath  the  figure. 
Another  very  interesting  Bione  on  Caldy 
Island  bears  a  large  ornamented  Latin 
cross  at  the  top»  l^neatb  which  we  read, 
"£t  Singno  crucis  in   illam  flugsi  rogo 


46 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  tntetUgencer. 


[July, 


omnibus  ammnlftntibns  ibi  dxorent  pro 
anima  Cataoconi/'  The  lait-mentioned 
stone,  and  others  hi^cating  the  doctrine 
of  prayers  for  the  dead,  are  all  written  in 
the  peculiar  Hibero-Saxon  mintltoule  cha- 
racters of  the  eighth  and  ninth  oenturies; 
they  are,  moreover,  confined  ix)  the  iouth 
of  Wales.  This  may,  in  feet,  be  regarded 
as  the  only  peculiarity  Exhibited  by  these 
stones  as  to  the  religiobs  doctrines  of  the 
early  Welsh  ChristiaiM,  beyond  the  evi- 
dent adoration  of  the  MOes  itself;  (of  #ldch 
numerous  instances  occur  in  the  figures  of 
the  sacred  emblem  singly,  sometimes  twice 
or  thrice,  represented  osti  the  same  stone,) 
and  the  acknowledgmettt  of  the  !l^i4llity 
upon  Howelt's  cross  above^menttionied* 

In  contusion,  it  may  be  Remarked,  that 
although  the  early  Welsh  Christians 
adopted  the  letters  of  Rome,  as  well  •• 
the  Latin  lang^uage  itself,  fbr  the  inscrip- 
tions on  their  tombstones,  We  find  both 
debased  in  their  character.  The  phrase- 
ology employed  on  the  monuments  Is 
unlike  that  of  the  Catacomb  ihioriptions, 
the  ornamental  details  of  the  Welsh  stones 
are  nowhere  met  with  in  early  Italian 
remains,  and  the  Christian  doctrines  set 
forth  on  them  are  only  such  as  cottld  have 
been  learned  from  Rome  at  a  period  pre- 
ceding the  mission  of  St.  Augustine.  In 
this  point  of  view  the  stones  of  Wales 
merit  especial  attention,  as  affording  un- 
suspected evidence  of  the  truth  of  the 
early  history  of  the  British  Church. 

The  President  asked  if  the  inscribed 
stones  which  had  been  exhibited  were 
found  in  any  one  particular  part  of  Wale% 
and  whether  in  churchyards  or  not  ? 

In  reply,  the  Lecturer  stated  that  they 
were  found  in  all  parts  of  Wales,  but 


more  numerously  in  the  South  than  in  the 
North ;  that  their  position  was  by  no  means 
confined  to  churchyards,  but  they  were 
scattered  sometimes  in  the  wildest  parts 
of  the  country,  difficult  of  access. 

The  Sbniob  Pboctob  differed  from  Mr. 
Westwood  OS  to  the  dates  of  the  inscrip- 
tions ;  he  considered  that  the  identificatdon 
from  a  mere  resemblance  of  the  name  in- 
scribed to  that  of  an  historical  personage 
rather  hasty,  e.  g.  the  monument  to  Bod- 
voc  was  probably  of  an  earlier  date  to  any 
with  a  cross  of  the  kind  found  on  it.  He 
threw  doubts  also  on  the  stone  to  Carau- 
sius,  and  the  name  of  Paulinus  was  so  fre- 
quently repeated  that  it  was  dangerous  to 
identify  from  that  alone.  He  also  asked 
what  the  fathers  of  Hengist  and  Horsa 
could  have  been  doing  in  Scotland  ?  The 
Segrams  stone,  he  remarked,  contained  a 
Celtic  word,  3fac,  in  modem  Welsh  it  is 
Mapt  which  nuses  a  suspidon  that  the  in- 
scriber  of  the  stone  was  no  Welshman. 

The  LiBBABiAN  suggested  that  the  cross 
referred  to  might  have  been  added  at  a 
later  date,  and  mentioned  the  instances 
in  Brittany,  where  the  misnonaries  had 
carved  crosses  on  the  Menhirs. 

Pbofkssob  Ooldwik  Sioth  referred 
to  the  stone  with  the  name  of  Caraunus  in- 
scribed upon  it.  If  it  was  a  monumental 
inscription  it  could  scarcely  be  that  of  the 
Emperor  Carausius,  who  was  slain,  if  he 
remembered  rightly,  near  London.  He 
also  asked  some  questions  respecting  the 
connection  between  the  workmanship  on 
Irish  and  Welsh  crosses. 

After  some  remarks  from  the  Pbbsident 
on  the  ornamental  character  of  the  stones, 
the  meeting  was  adjourned. 


FnisT  Meeting,  Tkinitt  Tbbm. 

May  22.  The  Rev.  the  Master  ot  Uniteksitt  College,  President, 
in  the  chair. 

The  following  gentlemen  were  elected  Members  of  the  Society : — 

The  Hon.  A.  Legge,  Ch.  Ch.  — R.  S.  Cobbett,  Esq.,  Pembroke  College.  —  Ralph 
Blakelock,  Esq.,  Lincoln  College. — Rev.  J.  P.  Tweed,  M.A.,  Kxeter  College. — Luke 
Rivington,  Esq.,  Magdalen  College. — J.  T.  Berwick,  Esq.,  Queen's  College. 

Mr.  J.  H  Parker  read  a  paper  "  On  the  Renmins  of  the  City  Walls  and 
Fortifications  of  Oxford,"  which  we  are  obliged  to  defer  until  next  month. 


1861;]     The  Oxford  Architectural  and  Hktorioal  Society.  47 


A5injAX  Mketiko,  1861. 

The  Annual  Meeting  of  tlie  Society  was  held  on  Tuesday,  June  4,  at 
the  Music  Room,  Holywell,  the  Rev.  the  Mabtib  OF  Univehsitit 
CoLLSGE,  President,  in  the  chair. 

Tbe  room  was  adorned  witli  a  large  collection  of  fine  architectural  photo- 
graphs, chiefly  lent  for  the  occasion  hy  the  Architectural  Photographi<^ 
Association. 

The  President,  in  opening  the  proceedings,  referred  to  the  general  pros- 
perous condition  of  the  Society^  and  then  called  upon  the  Secretary,  Mr. 
lie  Strange,  to  read  tbe 

ANNUAL  REPORT. 

"  The  past  year  has  been  one  of  the  most  eventful  to  the  Society  since  ita 
commencement. 

*'  In  1859  tbe  Society  completed  the  2l6t  year  of  its  existence.  Although 
the  state  of  its  funds  at  that  time,  and  the  egtimation  io  which  it  was  still 
held,  seemed  such  as  to  warrant  its  members  in  believing  that  ite  strength 
snd  vigour  was  in  no  way  impaired,  still  those  who  had  watched  it  from 
its  birth,  through  the  years  of  its  infancy,  till  it  legally  came  of  age,  could 
not  but  feel  anxious  for  its  future  welfare. 

**  The  event,  perhaps,  which  more  than  any  other  hastened  the  crisis 
which  was  then  impending,  was  the  expiration  of  the  lease  of  the  rooms  of 
the  Society,  and  although  during  18o9  the  Committee  were  anxioua  to 
teize  on  any  opportunity  for  obtaining  a  place  uf  safety  where  the  valuable 
collection  of  casts,  mod(c;ls»  seals,  brasses,  draw^ings,  aad  books  which, 
during  the  many  years  of  its  existence,  the  Society  had  accumulated,  might 
be  deposited,  still  1860  came  upon  them  before  they  had  been  successful 
Tbe  University  had,  however,  signified  their  willingness  to  accept  the  collec- 
tion and  prevent  its  being  scattered,  provided  that  they  could  find  amongst 
their  several  buildings  any  room  which  they  could  conveniently  spare. 

"As  a  temporary  place  of  safety,  an  unoccupied  room  over  the  Clarendon 

Building  was  provided,  in  which  the  collection  was  placed^  but  the  room 

was    totally    unfit    for    lectures ;    the  library,   from   want    of  space,  waa 

jcfidered  useless ;  aad  after  the  expenses  on  moving  from  the  old  rooms 

iimd  been  met,  tbe  Society  found  itself  in  a  most  unenviable  position  as  to 

/ts  funds, 

**  It  was  exactly  at  this  time  last  year  that  a  general  meeting  was  called, 
«i   the  state  of  the  Society  freely  canvassed.    There  were  those  present 
lO,  surveying  the  past  history  of  the  Society,  considered  that  it  had  done 
i"rark,  and  that  the  taste  for  architectural  studies  was  not  sufficiently 
^cjded  to  support  a  Society  of  the  kind.     Various  suggestions  were 
i^«  but  eventually  the  one  put  forth  by  the  Committee,  with  some  slight 
J#  fie^lioftp  was  adopted. 


"^i 


48 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intetligencer. 


[JttfP 


**  Tlie  substance  of  the  changes  was,  that  Kistory  ihould  be  added  tol 
Archilecture  as  ooe  of  the  objects  of  the  Society,  ttud  thai  it  (should  hence- 
forth  be  called  the  Architectural  and  Historical  Society ;  that  the  mib«Gnp«l 
tion  for  residents  ehould  be  reduced  to   10s,  instead  of  one  guinea,  tba  ^ 
sum  previously  paid,  and  that  5s.  should  be  fixed  as  the  i?uiu  lu  be  paidl 
non-resident  members* 

"  The  foUowiiig  Term  found  the  Society  again  in  working  ordcr»  and  1 
Committee  have  no  slight  reason  to  congratulate  themselves  that  their  eX*  j 
pectations  as  to  the  results  of  those  changes  have  been  fully  realized. 

"  We  have,  during  the  past  year,  held  nine  meetings,  eatcluaivc  of  the! 
present  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Society,  and  your  Committee  will  now  pro-l 
eeed  to  lay  before  you  a  short  analysis  of  the  papers  read  and  the  subjects] 
diacui^sed  on  those  occasions.     We  may  divide  them   into   two   classes:^ 
first,  those  which  are  both  Architectural  and  Historical;  and  secondly,  those 
which  are  purely  Historical     To  subjects  belonging  to  the  first  of  these 
we  have  devoted  seven  of  our  meetings,  and  in  these  we  shall  find  that 
sometimes  it  is  Architecture  and  sometimes  History  which  predominates  s 
of  the  second  class  we  have  had  two  papers. 

"  The  first  meeting  of  the  Society  aa  newly  constituted  was  appropriately 
occupied  with  a  discussion,  opened  by  Mr*  J.  H.  Parker,  *  On  the  Coot^ 
nection  of  History  with  Architecture,'  which  shewed  in  a  concise  and  clear' 
manner  how  the  character  of  each  century  was  stamped  on  its  architecture, 
and  how  much  the  style  of  the  latter  depended  on  the  influence  of  externa 
circumstances.     At  the  next  meeting  Mr.  Parker  delivered  a  lecture  *  Oa 
the  Comparative  Progress  of  Architecture  in  England  and  France  during 
the  Middle  Ages,  with  especial  reference  to  the  History  of  the  Times/  in 
which  he  shewed  how  much  closer  a  connection   than   is  now  generally ^ 
supposed  existed  at  that  time  between  the  two  countries,  and  how  mucii 
the  friendly  intercourse  between  the  nations  had  to  do  with   the  almost" 
similar  and  simultaneous  development  of  Archilecture   on   each   side  of 
tiiG  Channel. 

*'  At  the  »ui>»«:'quent  meeting  there  were  two  papers  read,  which  may 

sftld  to  have  been  devoted  to  Architectural,  or  rather  to  Antiquarian  research*] 

♦?,  28,    l«00,)  by  the  Kev»  J.  W.  Burgon,  who  offered  somd 

'  ^-naarks  on  a  series  of  rubbings,  suspended  round  the  rooraJ 

1  made  from   inscriptions   ou   the   marble  and  stone   slabs 

e«  of  tJie  early  Christians  in  the  Catacombs  of  Home,] 

jU'odcd  that  the  custom  of  burying  in  underground  vaulti 

h  origin,  and  waa  probably  a  national  custom  introduced 

rtn  to  Christianity  settled  there.     The  second 
j'>d,  llie  Hope  Professor  of  Zoology,  who  exJ 
coUcction  of  rubbings,  which  be  had  made  with  grea 
r     1      '      .  jirly  Christian  monuments  of  Walea 
_   ^led  to  him  by  Mr.  Burgon's  rubbiofl 


1861,]     The  Oxford  Architectural  and  Historical  Society.  4Q 


we 


from  the  Catacombs,  and  there  were  many  points  of  resemblance  between 
them. 

*"  On  February  19  of  the  present  year,  Profeasor  Goldwin  Smith  discussed 
*  Several  Subjects  for  Inquiry  connected  with  the  History  of  the  Univer- 
sity and  Colleges/  but  the  lecture  was,  in  fact,  a  lucid  and  tutercstin^ 
summary  of  the  History  of  the  University,  which  he  divided  into  four 
phases,  extending  from  the  traditionary  foundation  by  Alfred  down  to  the 
commencement  of  the  present  century* 

•'The  paper  with  which  we  were  favoured  at  our  last  meeting,  by 
Mr.  J,  H.  Parker,  comprehended  both  the  subjects  which  our  Society  has 
in  view.  He  traced  and  illustrated,  with  several  plims  and  views,  the 
remains  of  the  city  walls  and  fortifications  of  Oxford, — not  only  those  which 
existed  in  the  civil  commotions  under  Stephen,  and  in  the  times  of 
Henry  III.,  but  also  the  earthworks  erected  in  the  times  of  the  Rebellion^ 
when  King  Charles  foitified  the  city  against  the  Parliament. 

**  The  last  paper  of  this  class  was  by  the  Librarian, '  On  Walter  de  Merton 
as  Chancellorp  Founder  and  Architect ;'  who,  he  said,  was  the  first  to  con- 
ceive the  idea  of  the  collegiate  system,  and  to  whom  we  owe  a  debt  of 
gratitude,  not  only  for  his  munificence  in  founding  Mertoni  but  for  his 
skill  in  architectural  design,  since  he  was  one  of  the  first  to  introduce  the 
Decorated  st)  le.  The  Lecturer  tben  traced  the  principal  incidents  both  of 
De  Merlon's  public  and  private  life,  shewing  how  to  him  and  the  three 
other  Chancellors,  Wykeham,  Waynflete,  and  Wolsey,  Oxford  owes  the 
foundation,  perfection,  and  extension  of  a  system  which  has  placed  her 
University  in  the  foremost  rank  among  similar  institutions  in  Europe,  as 
well  as  her  finest  arcliitectural  monuments. 

*^*  Of  these  seven  papers  the  first  is  devoted  to  the  discussion  of  Architecture 

well  as  History,  In  the  second,  by  Mr.  Parker,  the  former  predominates. 
Architectural  remains  form  the  basis  of  the  papers  of  Mr.  Burgon  and  Mr, 
Westwood.  Professor  Goldwin  Smithes  History  of  the  University  threw 
much  light  on  the  same  subject.  Mr*  Parker's  lecture  on  the  Walls  of 
Oxford  is  illustrated  by  the  remains  which  exist  around  us ;  and,  finally,  the 
Librarian  brought  before  us  Walter  de  Merton  in  the  character  of  Archi- 
tect as  well  as  of  Chancellor  and  Founder. 

"  On  the  other  hand,  we  have  devoted  two  evenings  to  the  consideration  of 
purely  historical  points.  The  first  paper  of  this  class  read  before  us  was 
by  the  Rev,  W.  Shirley,  *  On  some  Questions  connected  with  the  Chancel- 

rship  of  Uecket/  in  which  he  shewed  that  we  owe  him  a  lasting  debt  of 
;nititude  for  permanent  and  beneficial  traces -left  by  him,  (I)  in  the  office 
Chancellor,  (2)  in  the  constitution  of  our  Courts  of  Justice,  (3)  in  the 
thftracter  of  the  Common  Law. 

**0n  the  8th  of  May,  Professor  Goldwin  Smith  offered  before  the  Society 

imc  valuable  remarks, '  On  the  Different  Views  of  the  Character  of  Cardinal 
shewing  how  the  history  of  those  times  latt^ly  published    by  Kr. 


,ML 


WwMde  wiM  Wudj  tc  lead  oois  to  fern  x  £L«  f^riiMfit  if  tae  pob&c  and 
priTite  c&anecer  'sf  mat  difiia2<xi:aLed  stz^esnao. 

**  Willie  £^y  aiimitringy  tocRCors.  toat  dfte  work  ct  die  iodetj  is  mov  two- 
Mdy— tiuit  it  dccft  not  zrie  Esc^-iided  attenticii  Co  ArciiiKliBe.  a>  w  lor- 
■Krij  the  caae*  tae  CcmmrOBt  aeiaeie  tbat  tise^  aaT«  in  tha  wnin  fis^ered 
ifae  vQXix^siik  of  tiiac  itiidT,  fcr  whick  tfce  Sccictr  w^s  flnenalr  fomded, 
Ardutftetore  \j  .'rieff,  aa  a  ftodr,  wms  net  «ffifiiVar  to  ninm  a  SocietT  in 
a  pr/iitioii  to  Cf^mmaad  z^nenl  rsspect  and  esteem :  and  tnej  beiiere  that 
ifce  outine  H..aCof7  with  that  itads^  ban  been  the  chief  «avz>  olT  pnai  i  liiig' 
litt  9ocset7  from  diatol^Jboa.  And  Bmas  tkaiL  this,  they  bcueire  that  at  tbe 
ffcaeot  tine  the  katorieal  view  of  the  ardutectare  of  dm  cconcnr  b  of  the 
Iw^hett  unportance,  when  we  oieeC  with  so  many  instaiwti  of  the  mtrodoe- 
tioo  cf  frjni^  dtmmB  aiuier  die  idea  that  the  architectnre  oa  the  Con- 
tinent proTidea  examplea  which  are  entirdT  wanting  ia  England.  The 
hi^>ncal  view  will  ahew  how  die  ardutectare  of  the  countrr  alwara 
adapted  itself — and  thai  with  the  greatest  saccca — to  tka  reqairements  of 
the  titaea ;  and  it  m  only  br  paying  doee  attention,  not  oaly  to  mcdieral 
plana  and  design^  bat  to  the  caxues  which  gare  rise  to  thapi.  that  we  eao 
hope  ao  thorooghly  to  anderstand  the  national  style  of  thii  countrr  as  to 
regain  lor  it  tiie  lore  and  admiration  which  it  once  enjoyed. 

^Tune  was  when  all  architectaral  works  going  on  in  the  kM[doni  poa- 
sessad  so  great  intarest  far  the  members  of  this  Society  that  i|  was  cus- 
toaury  to  refer  to  them  in  the  Annaal  Report.  By  degrees  we  )tvnt  to 
regard  only  those  which  were  in  progress  in  our  immediate  neighboariiood ; 
and  of  late  yf:ars  we  have  paid  little  attention  to  any  work  beyooA  the 
boundaries  of  this  city. 

^  Since  our  last  Keport  there  is  indeed  little  to  mendon»  as  the  space  is 
somewhat  circumiicribed,  and  great  works — such  as  Kxeter  Chapel,  Balliol 
Chapel,  and  the  2<iew  Museum — may  well  precede  a  pause.  However,  it  is 
not  entirely  so:  a  new  library  has  been  built  at  University  College,  to 
receive  the  statues  of  the  great  Lord  Qdon  and  his  brother  Lord  Stowdl, 
the  most  distinguished  members  of  the  College  in  the  early  part  of  the 
present  century.  The  building  has  been  entrusted  to  Mr.  Scott,  and  your 
Committee  have  every  reason  to  congratulate  that  College  on  their  choice, 
the  building  possessing  every  advantage,  combined  with  simplidty  and 
bcaaty  of  design. 

*'  Mr.  Scott  has  studied  the  history  of  the  Architecture  of  his  country,  and 
baa  ipantered  not  only  the  forms,  but  the  principles,  of  medieval  designs 
also  ;  .and  it  is  from  this  cause,  probably,  that  his  works  have  been  so  sue- 
cesAfuJ  tliat  at  the  present  moment  the  Committee  have  been  told  that  the 
restfiration  or  building  of  no  less  than  eleven  cathedrals  are  entrusted  to 
bia  sole  charge. 

"0/tbe  new  charch  in  St.  Giles's  your  Committee  could  not  approve  when 
the  doigps  were  laid  before  them.     They  reserve  a  final  judgment  till  the 


5!»]     I%e  Os^rd  Architectural  and  Historical  Society, 

work  is  finished ;  but  as  far  as  it  has  gone  the  building  appeara  decidedly 
otherwise  than  English  in  character  ;  and  against  the  introduction  of  foreign 
details  for  the  sakt  of  novelty,  instead  of  carefully  developing  the  sljles 
which  we  have  so  Exquisitely  represented  in  oor  own  country,  this  Society 
has  constantly  protested. 

"  The  introduction  of  a  new  painted  window  into  the  cathedral  of  Christ 
Church  has  called  forth  several  remarks.  As  to  the  details  of  the  design, 
all  will  agree,  probably,  that  it  merits  great  praise  ;  hut  as  a  whole,  consider- 
ing its  position,  and  the  nature  of  the  material  with  which  the  artist  has  had 
to  deal,  exceptions  may  fairly  be  taken  to  a  general  verdict  in  its  favour* 

**To  return  to  matters  connected  more  directly  with  our  own  Society. 

"Among  the  officers  but  few  changes  hiive  been  made.  Our  President, 
Treasurer,  and  Librarian  continue  the  same  as  last  year,  Mr.  E.  8,  Grindle, 
of  Queen's  College,  one  of  your  Secretaries,  was,  we  regret  to  state,  com- 
pelled to  resign  on  account  of  his  health  ;  and  Mr*  H,  W.  Challis,  of 
Merton  College,  has  been  elected  in  his  room.  Five  of  the  late  Committee 
retired  in  regular  rotation,  and  the  following  gentlemen  have  succeeded 
them :  — 

Tbo  EeT*  P.  0.  Medd.  M,A.,  of  tiniversity  College,— The  Rev.  W,  W.  Shirley,  M.A.. 
of  Wadhntn  Collegro, — The  Rev*  the  Rector  of  Linroln  Collef^e, — E.  W.  Urquhiirt,  Esq., 
of  Btilliol  College, — nnd  W,  J.  Guiither»  Esq.,  of  Que<*ti*d  College. 

"The  Committee  cannot  close  their  Report  without  congratulating  the 
Society  on  the  very  large  number  of  new  and  influential  names  which  they 
have  been  able  to  add  to  their  list  during  the  past  year.  It  is  in  great 
measure  owing  to  this  fact  that  we  were  able  last  Term  to  issue  with  our 
Report  such  a  satisfactory  balance-sheet  of  the  receipts  and  expenditure  of 
the  year.  Our  accounts^  including  our  liabilities,  at  the  commencement 
of  the  October  Term,  shewed  a  deficit  of  more  than  £t50.  We  had,  there- 
fore, great  satisfaction  in  being  able  to  shew  last  Term  that  by  donations 
from  former  members,  by  renewed  subscriptions  from  life- members,  and 
the  payment  of  several  arrears,  in  addition  to  the  subscriptions  received 
from  new  memhers^^-of  whom  upwards  of  fifty  have  been  added  to  our  list 
in  the  course  of  the  year,— the  whole  of  our  liabilities  have  been  met, 
leaving  a  fair  balance  in  hand.  Our  expenses  have  been  considerably 
reduced  by  the  kindness  of  the  Curator  of  the  Ash  mole  an  Museum  in 
permitting  us  to  hold  our  meetings  there ;  and  should  such  permission  be 
continued  to  us,  and  the  amount  of  subscriptions  keep  up  to  their  present 
average,  we  shall  hope  to  have  funds  in  hand,  and  be  able  further  to 
extend  the  influence  of  the  Society,  whether  by  more  frequent  meetings  or 
by  further  enlargement  of  the  Reports  of  our  proceedings." 

The  adoption  of  the  Report  wns  movod  befbre  them.     Not  tl^e  least  encouraging 

by  the  Hasteb  or  fiiXUOL  Collkoe.  subject   referred  to  in  the   Report,  was 

He  Hud  thai  he  sincerely  ooTLgratnlated  that  which  related  to  the  state  of  their 

the  Society   upon  the   very   BaliBfactory  fhnds.     The  pr(>8perity  of  every  Society 

;  which  the  Committee  hod  hud  depondixl  vit)'  ruatcridly  upon  the  state 


52 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligeneer. 


[July. 


of  its  finances,  and  it  was  therefore  with 
mnch  pleasure  that  he  heard  so  great 
an  improvement  had  taken  place  in  that 
department  daring:  the  past  year.  He  was 
of  opinion  that  during  the  year  the  So- 
ciety had  to  a  certain  extent  changed  its 
ground  of  operation,  hut  the  transition 
from  Architecture  to  History  was  an  easy 
one, — indeed  a  natural  one ;  and  he  con- 
gratulated the  Society  on  the  manner  in 
which  they  had  been  ahic  to  combine 
both.  It  had  been  said  that  Architec- 
tural Societies  had  done  their  work,  and 
there  was  nothing  left  for  them  to  do ;  he 
did  not  think,  however,  this  was  the  case. 
He  was  anxious  to  bear  testimony  to  the 
immense  amount  of  good  which  these  so- 
cieties had  accomplished  throughout  the 
kingdom  during  the  last  twenty  years; 
but  he  also  thought  that  there  was  still 
much  to  be  done.  He  thought,  too,  that 
combining  historical  with  their  architec- 
tural studies  would  in  no  way  interfere 
with  the  work  of  the  Society.  He  would 
refer  especially  to  one  field  of  work  which 
he  thought  was  still  open:  hitherto  the 
efibrts  of  the  Architectural  Societies  had 
been  directed  towards  the  improvement  of 
ecclesiastical  buildings  only;  he  thought 
they  might  do  much  by  turning  their  at- 
tention to  domestic  buildings,  and  he  be- 
lieved that  the  time  would  soon  arrive 
when  it  would  be  as  impossible  to  hear 
nonsense  talked  on  the  subject  of  do- 
mestic architecture,  as  it  is  now  almost 
impoteible,  thanks  to  these  societies,  to 
bear  nonsense  talked  by  educated  men 
about  church  architi'cture. 

Professor  Stan  let  then  rose,  and  ex- 
presBed  the  gratification  which  he  felt  in 
seconding  the  Keport.  He  was  sorry  his 
namerous  duties  had  prevented  him  from 
giving  that  time  and  attention  to  the  So- 
ciety which  he  would  wish  to  have  done; 
but  he  hoped  next  Term  to  be  able  to  be 
more  often  present  at  their  meetings. 

The  Pbesidsxt  then  made  some  re- 
marks upon  the  phn  which  the  state  of 
their  funds  had  permitted  them  to  adopt, 
namely,  the  issue,  at  the  end  of  each 
Term,  of  a  Report  of  their  proceedings. 
He  also  drew  attention  to  the  great  debt 


of  gratitude  which  they  owed  to  the  kind- 
ness of  the  Curator  of  the  Ashmolean 
Museum  for  permitting  them  to  hold 
meetings  in  that  building. 

The  adoption  of  the  Report  was  then 
unanimously  carried. 

The  President  said  he  had  next  to  call 
upon  Professor  Goldwin  Smith  for  his 
lecture  upon  "  Some  Points  connected  with 
the  History  of  Ireland." 

The  I^ecturer  touched  first  on  the  phy- 
sical character  of  Ireland,  its  physical  re- 
lations to  Great  Britain,  and  the  infloence 
of  these  circumstances  on  its  history.  He 
then  proceeded  to  treat  of  some  points 
connected  with  the  state  and  character- 
istics of  Irish  civilization  previous  to  the 
Conquest,  to  describe  the  early  manifes- 
tations of  the  national  character  in  various 
departments,  and  to  trace  the  connexion 
between  its  primitive  peculiarities  and 
those  which  it  exhibits  in  the  present  day, 
shewing,  in  the  course  of  this  inqoiry, 
that,  upon  a  just  view  of  history,  great 
allowance  must  be  made  for  some  of  the 
reputed  vices  and  infirmities  of  the  people. 
He  next  described  the  circumstances  which 
led  to  the  Conquest,  the  Conquest  itself, 
the  causes  which  occanoned  its  incom- 
pleteness, and  the  evils  of  which  its  in- 
completeness was  the  source.  The  sabee- 
quent  course  of  Irish  history,  political  and 
ecclesiastical,  was  then  followed  through 
the  period  of  the  early  Pale,  the  Tudor 
and  Stuart  era,  the  great  rebellion  of 
16-U,  the  civil  war  in  the  time  of  James 
the  Second,  and  the  concluding  rebellion 
of  1798,  down  to  the  Union  and  the  pass- 
ing of  Roman  Catholic  Emancipation.       « 

A  vote  of  thanks  was  passed  to  the  Pro- 
fessor for  his  interesting  lecture.  Owing 
to  the  lateness  of  the  hour  at  which  the 
lecture  was  concluded,  there  was  Mttle 
time  for  calling  attention  to  the  beautiful 
collection  of  photographs.  A  vote  of  thanks 
to  the  Architectural  Photographic  Asso- 
ciation for  their  kindness  having  been 
passtNl,  the  meeting  was  brought  to  a 
ch">se. 

Several  persons,  however,  remained  for 
some  time  afterwards  to  inspect  the 
photographs. 


6 


1^61.] 


53 


ARCHAEOLOGICAL  INSTITUTE. 


ttnd 


Jiifitf  7,  Lord  Tiloot  db  Malahide, 
Presidentt  iu  the  chair. 

The  formation  of  distinct  clnssified  col- 
l44CiioiL9»  tti  the  meeting  of  the  Itistitutfi 
in  aUi^mutf?  months,  for  the  apccifil  illiii- 

lion  of  80IJ1V  interesting  suhjtict  of  iji- 

ligation  connected  mth  ancient  arts 
Ibid  manners,  has  grtiitly  coutrihuted  to 
the  grntificntion  of  the  nutneront  vifiiton 
by  whom  those  etiUections  hiive  been 
viewed.  On  the  piesunt  occasion,  being 
the  fourth  of  these  ep«dal  exhibitiouB 
fbrmed  during  ilna  yenr^  the  flohjwt  pro* 
potod  waa  the  exempli ticiition  of  Glyptic 
Art,  mid  u  very  rich  disphiy  of  eumeim  und 
iuUigIio»,  of  antique  nnd  cinque  cento 
work,  with  stune  choice  specimens  of  later 
tiiut%  snch  US  the  fine  productions  of 
Kslnicei  or  otber  modern  artiste,  wna 
brought  together.  Lord  TiJbot,  in  open- 
ing the  proce-edings,  oflfered  some  obicrvti- 
lions  on  the  gn^t  vaIug  of  the  relics  of 
glyptic  ttrt  in  connestion  i*'ith  uniny  de- 
pnrtuTicnl*  of  nrdiEco  logical  entjniry; 
their  lujf^rtauce  as  evidence  regarding 
the  hi»tor)^  ot  the  arts,  tioJ  altfo  the  man* 
ner»,  religion,  nnd  histury  of  ttntitinity, 
bud  poasibly  never  been  sniKcieutly  H[)pre- 
cintcd,  owing  to  the  want  of  fHcilitiea 
of  acccM  to  Any  eitontive  aeriea  of  geing; 
even  at  the  Itrltijab  Moaetim  the  precious 
glyptic  roliwtiou*  there  preserved  were 
only  available  under  very  special  restric- 
tions, for  Ally  purpose  of  public  inatruction- 
On  the  present  oeca^ion  a  collection  nn- 
cqunlled  probably  in  extent  und  value  waa 
fur  the  first  time  placed  before  the  archiD- 
logifrt  through  the  liberality  of  the  poe- 
M!9orsof  the  uio«t  precious  gem:^  preserved 
in  this  ctmntry.  During  tiie  htst  seflsionj 
tlie  Duke  of  MarllMiroug!i  had  with  moat 
gmtifying  klndne-ss  pjopo»4?d,  i»»  the  event 
of  any  aerief  of  glyptic  art  being  formed, 
to  cut  nut  to  the  luntitute  the  Arundel 
and  the  Ik'nstmrough  collections,  now  pro- 
iKTViXl  «t  iilcnheiiu  IViuce.  lii»  Gi ace's 
girtierous  example  httd  Iwcn  fotlowed  by 
the  Duke  of  Devonihiro,  who  had  not 
only  went  tor  exhibitioa  the  large  coUec- 
tiun  whicli  for  come  time  hud  been  ehewn 
nt  tlie  Keiiiungtoii  MuM*um»  but  h;id  al^ 
iiKxr*  MAb.  VuL.  CCXl. 


permitted  the  precious  jowelfl  to  he  exhi- 
bited prepared  for  the  Conntees  GrunviDe 
on  occafion  of  the  coronation  oi'  the  Em- 
peror of  Russia.  The  Duke  of  Hauiilton, 
with  other  noble  and  tiwteful  [x>Sicssors  of 
antique  gtms,  hud,  moreover,  enriched 
this  unique  excmplitication  of  ancient  art. 

Previously,  however,  to  entering  upon 
the  special  subject  of  the  evening.  Lord 
Talbot  de  Malahide  invited  the  Ra-v.  J.  L. 
Petit,  who  had  recently  returned  from  % 
continental  tonr  in  quest  of  eertiiin  re- 
nmrl{able  architectural  examples  in  various 
parts  of  Euro|)e,  to  give  the  results  of  hiB 
investigation fl,  ilhistmtcd  hy  his  nduiirable 
drawings  displayed  on  this  oc<tision.  Mr, 
Petit  then  gave  a  diticour^M}  replete  with 
interesting  details  regtirding  churches  of 
circohir  form,  of  which  a  few  remarkable 
Hpecimens  exist  iu  this  country.  He  ad- 
verted to  the  occurrence  of  this  form  of 
strncturc  from  the  earliest  aged  of  Cluri«- 
tian  archittctwe,  sometimes  attached  to 
large  clmrchoi,  ss  at  Alx  in  I^venee,  and 
at  Frojus,  and  njsed  as  baptisteries ;  some- 
times insulate<),  fu  S.Costtiizii  at  Rome; 
in  some  cases,  as  in  Enghind,  wholly  in- 
dependent. Almost  every  continental 
specimen  is  supposed  by  popular  tradition 
to  liave  been  a  Pagan  temple.  Mr.  Petit 
explained  the  different  types  of  these  pic* 
turesque  and  inttTesting  strurtnres,  more 
or  less  complicated  in  plan,  and  described 
the  examples  sht^wn  in  the  series  of 
drawings  exhibited,  namely,  the  eutious 
chiirchejs  at  Altenfurt,  Grassc  in  Provence, 
Albenga,  Moutm^our,  Peyrolles;  Aix-la- 
Giapelle,  and  Nimegnen.  He  referred  to 
the  observations  of  Mr.  Ferguss  ^u  iu  elu- 
ddntitin  of  the  curions  tjuestiouB  connected 
with  the  eccle&iufftical  examples  of  this 
class,  of  which  the  mo^t  remarkable  are 
known  to  the  jircliitectural  etuil en t  through 
the  useful  HanUbtxik  produced  hy  Mr. 
Murray, 

At  the  close  of  Mr.  Petit 's  interesting 
lecture,  which  will  Hpj>eiir  in  the  forth- 
coming Journal  of  the  Institute,  the  sub- 
ject of  glyptic  art,  selected  for  eapeuiAl 
consideration  on  the  occasion,  was  brought 
before  the  meeting  by  Mr.  Edmund  Watcr- 


-tr    1^; 


54 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  InteUigenetr. 


[July, 


ton,  F.S.A.,  wlio  prococdtHl  to  pivp  an  r1»1o 
di«sfit.ilion  on  the  attractive  section  of  an- 
cient iivA  nie«lia'val  art,  to  whicli  the  ex- 
qnsi:i'  thtcftf^tothici,  formed  hy  him  with 
^eat  taste  and  judgtm-nt,  has  of  late 
prcatly  cimtrihutotl  to  draw  X\w.  attention 
of  antiipiaries.  Mr.  Waterton  alhided  ]>ar- 
ticul::r'y  to  the  vahie  of  jrlyptie  art  as  j)re- 
»entin»f  j»rol»ahly  the  proatest  jHrfeetion 
of  exeeution,  and  illnj.trativo  in  an  eminent 
desrree  of  the  history  inid  artistic  genius 
of  aneii-nt  time.«».  The  ehiims  and  interest 
of  the  Mihjeel,  he  oh>erveil,  had  lieen  well 
set  forth  hy  a  recent  writer,  Mr.  King, 
wh<»se  l)eautiful  work  on  ancient  gems  is 
full  of  interesting  research  and  vaUiahlc 
information  rehiting  to  the  diminutive 
masterpieces  of  antique  skill,  which  have 
presiTViMl  in  durahle  characters  the  images 
and  attributes  of  ancient  mythology,  and 
the  features,  conditions,  and  actions  of  the 
mo-t  illustrious  jjcrsons  in  all  times.  In- 
de-  d  from  the  evidence  which  gems  prc- 
s«iit  in  so  attractive  a  form,  history, 
mythology,  and  allegory  have  derived 
veritications  and  elucidations  of  the  great- 
est value,  which  have  heen  faithfully  and 
expressivi'ly  re«vrd«Hl  \\\to\\  the  iniixTish- 
ahle  gem,  whilst  the  greater  works  of  the 
scu'ptor,  the  architect,  and  the  painter 
have  bi'en  swept  into  ohlivion.  Mr.Water- 
t<m  adverteil  to  the  principal  collections 
of  gems,  from  the  dactifHuthera  of  Mithri- 
dsites,  Julius  Ciesar,  and  Marcellns ; — the 
apprtciation  of  such  treasures  in  metlin>vnl 
times,  as  instanced  by  the  collections  of 
Petrarch,  Lorenzo  de  Meilici,  and  some 
of  the  most  eminent  patrons  of  art  and 
literoturo  in  the  middle  ages.  The  en- 
graving of  gems  presents  one  of  the  most 
faiteretting  features  in  the  history  of  the 
TVTival  of  tlie  arts  in  Italy ;  the  ta^tc 
nfudlj  iprvad,  and  was  extcndi>d  to  our 
eoQntry,  ai  shewn  by  the  tasteful  col- 
Ifletion  fbrmecl  by  the  Karl  of  Arundel, 
eariy  in  theserent^nth  century,  which  the 
Society,  through  the  lih»^rality  of  its  nohlo 
powtfssor,  liad  now  the  gnititlcation  to 
contcmphtte.  Another  of  the  richi*st  pri- 
vate cabinets  of  that  early  ]H'ritHl,  fonmnl 
by  a  wealthy  patrician  of  Nuremhurg,  and 
known  at  tlie  Ihtiun  rolUvtion,  was  \\W\ 
bronght  before  tlie  Institute  by  the  kind- 


ness of  the  present  possessor,  the  Rev.  G. 
Khodcs. 

Mr.  Waterton  proceeded  to  give  a 
sketch  of  the  history  and  progress  of  the 
art  among  the  Egyptians,  the  Assyrians, 
Etruscans,  (ireeks,  and  Romans,  and 
]N)inted  out  examples  in  the  extensive 
series  which  the  archaeologist  had  now  the 
advantage  of  examining,  through  the  kind- 
ness of  numerous  collectors,  who  had 
favourably  recognised  the  value  of  such 
serial  exhihiticms  as  the  Institnt^  had 
proposed  to  form  for  the  gratification  of 
their  friends.  Of  every  class  and  period 
the  rich  assemblage  of  gems  now  brought 
t'>gether  presented  exampl(»  in  great  jjcr- 
fection.  The  glyptic  art  was  revived  in  a 
remarkable  degree  in  Italy  as  esrly  as  the 
fifteenth  century.  It  was  liberally  en- 
couraged by  the  Medici,  and  other  distin- 
guished ])romoters  of  the  arts  of  desigiL 
Tlie  works  of  the  eminent  masters  of  a 
later  period  were  not  unknown  in  Eng- 
land ;  |K)rtraits  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  attri- 
buted to  the  inimitable  Viccntino,  occur 
in  the  Royal  Collection  at  Windsor,  and 
also  among  the  gems  txhibiied  by  the 
Duke  of  Devonshire.  Artists  of  no  slight 
note  occur  in  later  times,  and  our  own 
c«)untry  has  pnHiuced  some  worthy  of 
mention,  although  surpassed  by  the  ac- 
complisluHl  mnexiri  of  Italy.  The  revival 
of  a  higher  stylo  of  artistic  taste  and  skill, 
not  unworthy  of  comparison  with  that  of 
the  best  periods,  may  be  anticipated,  Mr. 
Waterton  observed,  from  the  efforts  of  his 
gifted  friend,  Luigi  Saulini,  whose  pro- 
ductions are  of  the  highest  promise.  Mr. 
Waterton  concluded  his  interesting  re- 
m:irks  by  pointing  out  the  rarest  and 
most  characteristic  specimens  in  the  series 
displayed  with  u  degree  of  liberaliry  un- 
priH:e<lented  on  any  former  occasion. 

Lord  Talbot  expres<ed  his  high  sense  of 
the  favour  and  generous  confidence  shewn 
toward  the  Institute  by  the  noble  pos- 
sessiirs  of  the  treasures  now  entrusted  to 
them.  The  collection,  more  especially, 
presiTviHl  at  Hlenheim  Palace,  and  which 
the  Duke  of  Marlborough  might  justly 
n^ganl  as  one  of  the  most  precious  pos- 
sessions of  his  stately  inheritance,  must 
be  regarded  with  sinj^ular  interest,  as  a 


186L] 


British  Jrchdsoloffical  Assocmtion, 


55 


tnonQmcBt  of  the  Uste  and  discernment 
of  one  of  the  most  dUtingiusheil  pHinjiu 
of  &rt  in  our  coyntry,  the  greut  Earl  of 
ArondeL  Lord  Talbot  propotied  an  appro- 
priate exprMMOQ  of  thanks  to  the  Duko 
of  Marlborongh,  and  the  other  generous 
ezhibiton  on  this  oocAsion. 

AiDong  the  precioui  gems  eikibited, 
the  cclcbnited  Prann  coU«etiou,  «tiWe- 
quently  in  poaaessiou  of  Madame  Mcrtcns, 
Soluiriuiti»en«  occupied  a  foremost  pontion, 
■a  exempli fying  the  characteristic  types 
of  ancient  art,  the  works  of  the  moat 
auktoaut  artists  of  antiquity.  It  haa  been 
■Bgllliillted  with  great  judgment^  by  the 
present  poescasor,  Mr.  Hhodes»  whose  cabi- 
net oontmna  nearly  4,000  gema.  A  small 
collection  of  clioice  antique  examples  was 
lent  by  the  Duke  of  Hamilton  i  alao  two 
precious  jewels,  tlie  crystal  eross  found  in 
the  toiub  of  the  slater  of  Richard  Cmur- 
dc-LioQ,  Jimn,  wife  of  William  IL,  King 
of  Sidly ;  and  a  gorgeous  pendant  jewel 
aet  with  diamonds,  euelosiiig  a  portrait  of 
James  L,  by  Uilliard,  one  of  his  flm^st 
works.  Kumerons  other  valuable  gems 
wore  ciliiWted  by  Mr.  C,  S.  Hale,  Mr. 
Beroaford  IIo[}e,  Monsieur  Fould,  Hignor 
Cmtetlani^  Sir  John  Boileau,  Burt.,  Mr. 
Octavius  Morgan,  M  J'.,  Mr,  Henderson, 
Messrs.  Huut  and  ICoskell,  Mr.  Stunrt, 
Mr.  Qarrard,  Mr.  Eobinson,  the  Hev.  J, 
Beck.  Mr.  Carruthera,  and  otbt^r  col- 
lectors. 

The  cxhibitiofi  oontinoed  open  to  the 


members,  and  friends  invited  by  them, 
until  Wednesday,  June  12,  and  nearly 
5,000  vuit^rs  availed  themselvod  of  the 
opportunity  of  inspecting  so  remarkable 
a  collection.  On  the  evening  of  Jutie  8« 
H,R.H.  the  Prince  Consort,  with  Prince 
Louis  of  Hesse,  attended  by  Lieut-Col* 
the  Hon.  D.  de  Uos,  honour*?d  the  Insti- 
tute with  II  visit;,  and  was  pleased  to  »g- 
nity  the  desire  thut  certain  preciouii  gems 
In  pQss««sion  of  her  Majesty,  at  Windsor 
Castle,  should  be  entrusted  to  the  Insti- 
tute, of  which  H,R.1L  is  the  Patron, 
litis  highly  valuable  acceasion  to  the  col- 
Icctiou  was  accordingly  dispkycd  during 
the  three  last  days  of  the  exhibition.  It 
con»i»ted  of  nearly  three  liundred  gems, 
amonf^t  which  is  a  very  large  and  rc> 
markahle  Roman  cameo;  probably  of  Con- 
Stan  tine  the  Younger.  Of  dnque  cento 
productions  the  cameo  portraits  of  Henry 
VIIL,  Edward  VI,  que^n  Elizabeth, 
Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  Lndy  Jane  Grey, 
Philip  IL,  Louis  XII.  of  Fmiioe,  and 
othiT  fine  works,  which  mey  be  attributed 
to  Vtcentino,  or  Coldord,  attracted  much 
attention. 

At  the  euHuing  meeting,  on  Juty  5» 
A  disofjorse  on  Ancient  Goldsmith's  Work, 
from  the  curliest  piTiodii,  will  be  delivered 
by  Stgnor  Caiit^'lliiiui.  of  Home,  who  bus 
recently  read  a  memoir  of  great  interest 
on  iliat  aubjoct  before  the  Institute  of 
France. 


BRITISH  ARCHiEOLOGICAL  ASSOCIATION, 


Ma^n.  T.  J,  Pkttigrew, Esq., F.R.S,, 
F.S,A^  V,-P.,  in  the  chair. 

T!i©  Kev.  John  James^  M.A.,  of  Aving- 
ton  Rectory,  Berkshire  was  elected  am 
Associate. 

Dr.  Palmer,  of  Kewbtxry,  made  a  com- 
aictttiou  relative  to  the  discovery  of 
LBotnsn  villa  at  Stanmore  Farm,  near 
Kast  Ilsley*  Berks,  and  transmitted  the  an- 
tiquities thencse  obtoined.  Hiey  were  found 
Bccidifutally  by  some  labourers  digging 
chalk,  by  the  fall  of  the  Bnperincumb<?nt 
•oil  dt«plsying  portions  of  broken  pottery. 
A  fiorliou  of  w»ll  7  ft.  in  length,  built  of 
large  flint  stones  well  ceuieuted  together, 


was  also  brought  into  view,  and  a  careful 
search  (of  whicli  the  particulars  were  de- 
tailed) produced  a  portion  of  bronze  re- 
sembling a  stylus^  some  bits  of  irun,  nnd 
some  nwils.  The  princiiml  object  i»  a  vase 
6 J  inches  iu  height,  with  nn  open- work 
design  of  some  elegauceaud  only  found  iii 
the  pottery  obtained  from  the  Rhine,  which 
is  directed  to  be  engraved.  There  were 
various  tiles  for  roofing  and  other  purposes, 
a  bronxc  gpeur4icad  of  goud  form,  and  an 
iron  arrow-head  with  a  hole  in  the  centre. 
Mr.  A.  S.  Bell,  of  Scarborough,  gave 
information  of  the  discovery  of  a  large 
doHum  or  amphora,  fished  up  in  the  trawl- 


56 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer, 


[July, 


ing.net  of  tbe  smack  "  Vigilant"  of  Hull, 
at  the  back  of  tbe  Goodwin  Sands.  It  was 
covered  with  sea* weed,  oyster  and  massel 
shells,  and  a  coating  of  corallines,  the 
greater  part  of  which  has  been  removed. 
It  is  5  ft.  9  in.  high,  and  2  ft.  6  in.  in 
circumference,  and  capable  of  holding 
Bxteen  gallons.  The  bottom  is  round, 
and  it  has  two  handles. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Ridgway  exhibited  a 
French  casting  in  brass,  representing  a 
crucifixion,  but  of  whom  is  uncertain. 
Tbe  figure  is  bound  to  a  knotted  cross 
with  cords,  is  bearded  and  nearly  nude. 
He  is  surrounded  by  a  group  of  male  and 
female  figures  clothed  in  Asiatic  garb. 
Hr.  Ridgway  also  exhibited  a  beautiful 
carving  in  wood  of  the  Crucifixion  of 
tbe  Saviour,  executed  in  the  Nether- 
lands in  the  early  part  of  the  seventeenth 
century. 

Mr.  Syer  Cuming  exhibited  an  interest- 
ing disc,  a  fac-simile,  in  gutta  pcrcha,  of 
tbe  brazen  field  of  a  Limoges  enamel  of  the 
twelfth  century,  discovered  at  Thomholm 
in  Yorkshire. 

Mr.  John  Moore,  of  West  Coker  in  Soraer- 
■etshire,  forwarded  the  remits  of  a  digging 
jnade  by  some  labourers  in  a  field,  by  which 
an  ancient  British  interment  was  brought 
to  light  in  April  last.  Ashes,  charcoal, 
and  a  variety  of  comminuted  bones,  consti- 
tuting a  large  mass,  all  pronounced  by  Mr. 
and  Dr.  W.  V.  Pettigrew  to  be  human, 
and  n<»t  having  been  burnt;  portions  of 
rode,  unbaked  pottery,  flint  arrow-heads, 
and  celts  were  also  found,  rendering  the 
di-covery  one  of  interest,  and  worthy  of 
bnire  printed  in  the  Jiumal. 

Mr.  Jvbn  Barrow.  F.R.S.,  exbibitod  the 
driimiTe  (.fa  rtone  known  as  the  Fardle 
t^foc,  mhicb  it  was  said  is  to  be  deposited 
in  :hi  British  Museum.  It  formtnl  a  sup- 
p  t:  for  tbe  rinz  yoteX  of  a  sIksI  in  the 
court -yard  of  Fardle  Manor-lK>ue*\  near 
Ivy  IlridiTf,  Snnib  iVvon.  It  is  4  ft.  high 
aTid  nK.rt- taaii  t»in.  thick,  and  has  \\\mm\ 
i:  cbanttverti  not  t-asily  read.  It  was  re- 
Ifrr-ti  lor  |mrtit'uiar  examination. 

Tiit  rfujjiinder  of  ibf  eveniiijr  was  tvcu- 
puii  iii  liii  rfau:n^  of  a  paptT  by  ibe  Kov. 
Mr.  KidgtKay.  c  ving  an  acei>nnt  of  Ca^vr- 
^lam  iu  Oxlurdsiiire:,  and  correcting  s^nne 


errors  pubUshed  by  topographers  of  this 
locality.    The  paper  will  be  printed. 

June  12.  T.  J.  Pettiossw,  Esq., 
F.R.S.,  F.S.A.,  V.-P.,  in  the  chwr. 

George  Goldsmith,  Esq.,  of  Belgnrave- 
road,  Joseph  George,  Esq.,  of  Goldsmiths' 
Hall,  and  Alfred  George  Sharp,  E^.,  of 
Westbourne-park-villas,  were  elected  As- 
sociates. 

Presents  were  received  from  the  Smith- 
sonian Institution,  the  Archeological  In- 
stitute, &c. 

Mr.  Bateman,  of  Golgrave,  sent  a  draw- 
ing of  a  bronze  sword  and  the  supposed 
ornament  from  its  scabbard,  found,  to- 
gether with  another  sword  and  some  hu- 
man bones,  at  Ebbcrston  in  Yorkshire. 
Mr.  Bateman  stated  it  to  difier  from  all 
other  specimens  in  his  museum,  and  re- 
ferred it  to  the  most  recent  bronze  period. 
In  regard  to  the  scabbard  ornament, 
Mr.  Cuming  stated  that  only  one  perfect 
scabbard  of  a  bronze  sword  is  known,  and 
that  is  in  the  Copenhagen  Museum:  se- 
veral portions  presumed  to  be  the  metal 
mountings,  ferule,  &c.,  have  been  dis- 
covered in  Ireland.  Of  ferules,  three  dis- 
tinct types  are  distinguished,  and  Mr. 
Bateman's  belongs  to  one  of  these.  It  is 
the  only  instance  discovered  in  England. 

Mr.  Cuming  exhibited  a  portion  of  an 
olla,  found  at  Colchester,  resembling  in 
pattern  and  texture  that  exhibited  from 
Berkshire  at  the  former  meeting.  It  is 
of  fine  terra-cotta,  almost  equal  to  the 
Samian  ware,  and  is  a  product  from  the 
potteries  of  the  Rhine. 

y\T.  Sobultye  exhibited  eleven  Hunga- 
rian and  Polish  silver  coins,  the  earliest 
being  of  the  fourteenth  century.  They 
were  used  for  ornaments,  having  a  loop 
for  suspension. 

Mr.  W.  H.  Forroan  exhibited  a  fine 
ci>lUvtion  of  knives  and  forks  of  Italian, 
French,  German,  and  English  manuftic- 
tun\  the  handles  of  which  were  variously 
enamoUctl,  and  some  with  fine  carvings  of 
ivory.  He  also  exhibited  an  ivory  carving 
of  the  olevonth  centurk',  apparently  repre- 
senting King  Saul,  attended  by  his  cup- 
IveariT.  whilst  David,  accompanied  by  an 
attendant,  is  playing  before  him  on  a 


18GL] 


itmi9matic  Societt^, 


rp,  Mf.  Forman  also  produced  several 
llier  iutifreHtiug  autiqoitlos  referred  for 
Aitiirc  description,  tog:ethor  with  three 
large  ftpeeliiiens  of  inuminationa  ifhich 
had  bclori«|ed  to  a  work  of  St.  Augn.«tinCt 
(jjrubiibly  a  French  tnin«lfition  of  the  De 
dm  tale  I/ei).  The  dru  wings  in  gold  and 
coloars  were  of  the  most  exquisite  descrip- 
UOTi,  and  worthy  of  particalar  detniU 

Dr.  KeDdric'k  sent  various  antiquities 
fouDd  at  Wilderspool,  the  presumed  site 
of  Condnte.  They  consisted  of  many  spe- 
cimens of  pottery,  Beveral  of  Samian  ware, 
A  mortanuin«  ^.,  iron  naib,  per  torn  ted 
tile,  and,  of  n  late  pel  io^l,  ii  tine  hunting- 
knife,  with  carved  handle  illustraiive  of 
the  chii^.  There  wens  alao  two  gutta 
.^rcha  iuiprcs§ions  from  tho  ivory  bucka 
^  rairrors  of  the  time  of  Edward  L  The 
Inrgeit  specimen  represented  au  incident 
in  the  siege  of  the  Chateau  d* Amour.     A 

klve  or  scythe  blade  w«is  also  exhibited, 
od  in  Lincohi£hire, 

Dr,  Wilkins  exhibited  an  ancient  Bri- 
tish coin  found  in  the  Isle  of  Purl>eck.  It 
ftppetiTi  to  be  A  new  type«  and  will  be 
figured. 

Mr.  Bell  sent  a  drawing  of  the  large 
dolinm  or  amphora,  capable  of  holding 

Ktc«n  gallona,  fished  up  at  the  Goodwin 

C.   Ainslie   exhibited   tome  large 


Bpeciraens  of  pottery  b<?ariTig  the  nanica 
of  the  pottenit  found  upon  excavating  be- 
hind the  Chiiklliall, 

Mr.  Dundafl  exhibited  a  Mohammedan 
pendant  of  silver,  with  biigbt  tlowers  on 
a  niello  6eld.  It  held  a  etniipass  to  mark 
the  direction  to  Mecca.  It  had  also  held 
B  relic 

Mr,  E.  Roberta  exhibited  a  presnraed 
autograph  of  Shakespearei  found  in  a  book 
belonging  to  Mr.  Hird. 

Mr,  T.  Wright  exhibited  a  cnrion*  bronze 
instrximent  just  found  at  Wroxeter.  It 
ha£  the  appearance  of  a  aaw,  but  is  the 
segment  of  a  circle  entirely  now  to  anti- 
quaries, and  the  general  opinion  in  regard 
to  it  wiuf  Umt  it  had  been  used  aa  a 
currycomb  or  scraper. 

The  Upv.  Mr.  Kell  pent  a  large  collec- 
tion of  tiles*  found  at  Net  ley  Abbey,  toge- 
ther with  photof^rHijbs  by  Mr.  Addison  of 
the  parts  recently  excavnted  *,  but  iis  these 
opcrationK  are  being  continued,  the  read- 
ing of  Mr.  IvcU's  paper  was  deferred  until 
they  should  be  completed. 

The  Chairman  ndjourned  the  meeting 
over  until  November,  and  announced  tiiiit 
the  Congress  in  DevouBhire  vvnuhi  aflsem- 
blo  in  Exeter  on  the  19th  of  August,  and 
would  be  presided  over  by  SSir  Slailnrd 
Northcote,  Dart.,  C.B.,  M.P.,  &c.  The 
pnjgramuie  is  nearly  completed. 


JSUMISMATIC  SOCIETY. 


f  28.  W,  S»  W.  Vaux,  Esq.,  Presi^ 
tnt,  in  the  chair. 

The  Uigbt  Hon,  the  Earl  of  Ennis- 
killen^  Lieut. -Gt?n.  Fox,  and  the  Rev.  C. 
T*  Wcatberley,  wtre  elected  members. 

Mr.  Sim  of  Edinburgh  commnnieatetl 
Boroe  remarks  on  •*  the  Lee  Penny,"  which 
in  well  knoMTi  as  being  "  the  Tidijsinan*" 
from  which  Sir  Walter  Scott  took  the 
title  of  one  of  hi»  novels.  It  consists  of  a 
itone  of  a  dark-red  colour,  triangttlar  in 
Aspe*  and  inserted  into  a  silver  coin. 
UitiV»rtunatcl3\  however,  for  the  tmdition 
which  a^iv^ns  this  talisman  to  the  days  of 
the  Cra«ide«,  the  coin  of  which  the  setting 
is  formed  mppear*  to  be  a  gnwit  of  Ed- 
ward I  V%,  of  the  London  mint. 

Dr.    Friedliiuder    of   BerUa   communi- 


cated an  account  of  a  coin  of  Flelike,  the 
ancient  Ionic  capital  of  Aclmia,  It  is*  of 
brass,  bearing  on  the  obverse  the  bead  of 
PosL'idon,  possibly  Hdikonlos,  encircled 
by  waves,  and  oti  the  reverse  a  tridt^nt 
between  two  dolphins,  the  whole  sur- 
rounded by  a  Itturol- wreath.  The  legend 
on  the  obverse  is  BAlji.  This  is  the  first 
coin  that  has  been  attributed  to  Uelike^ 
which  town  was  destroyed  by  an  earth- 
quake B.C.  373,  the  coin  having  been 
struck  probably  but  a  short  time  before 
that  event. 

Mr.  Webster  communicated  a  paper  on 
some  nnpahllslied  Roman  coins,  inrluding 
coins  of  Vespufti.an,  Domitian,  Hadrian, 
Cams,  Caritma*  and  other  emperors,  the 
most    remarkable   being    a   medullion   of 


68 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[July, 


Antoninus  Pins  in  bronze,  with  SylvanoB 
■Unding  beneath  a  tree  on  the  reverse. 

Mr.  Madden  ^ve  an  account  of  "an 
aureus  of  Licinius  the  First/'  lately 
brought  from  the  East  by  Mr.  George 
Madeay,  and  of  extreme  rarity,  but  one 
other  being  known,  which  is  in  the  Vienna 
collection.  It  bears  on  the  obverse  the 
full-faced  bust  of  Licinius  the  First,  with 
the  legend  Liciyrrs  ato  ob  dv  filii  syi  ; 
and  on  the  reverse,  Jupiter  seated  on  an 
estrade,  inscribed  sic  x.  sic  xx.,  wiih  the 
l(^nd  lOTi  C0N8.  Licixi  AVG.  The  ex- 
ergual  mark  s.ai.AH.B  shew  a  it  to  have 
been  coined  at  Antioch.  The  British  Mu- 
seum possesses  the  full-faced  aureus  of 
Licinius  the  Second,  with  the  same  re- 
verse, excepting  the  exergual  letters,  which 
destgUHte  the  mint  of  Nicoraedia.  The  let- 
ters OB  D  T  have  been  variously  explained, 
as  **  OB  Decennrtlia  Vota,"  **0B  l>u^>liccm 
Mctoriam,"  &c.,  but  none  of  these  exjila- 
natious  are  satisfactory.  M.  de  Salis  sug- 
gests OB  Diem  V.  (Quintum  scilicet  Nata- 
lem)  as  a  more  probable  interpretation. 

Mr.  Bergne  communicited  an  account 
of  a  hoard  of  coins  recently  discovered  at 
Uounslow.  They  are  all  groiu  with  one 
exception,  a  half- groat  of  the  London 
mint  of  Edward  IV.  The  tot:il  number 
of  pieces  found  was  376,  of  which  b6  are 
coins  of  Charles  the  Bold,  Duke  of  Bur- 
gundy. The  renLaiLdcr  are  English,  and 
may  be  thus  arranged : — 

nenry  V.  or  VL  Ciln-  \L\sA  2 

£d«urd  I  V.'s  Snd  eouuTe  Lor.'lon    .        .  IS3 

„        Vork  32 

,.        »        Bristol      .        .  4 

„        Norwich.        .  3 

, „      -  CoT-nrrr.        .  I 

^        „        D*b-^i      .        .  1 

n        w»       %  ftoa:     .  Lccii:zi    .        .  I 

Bkbanlin.   ...              ^        .        .  19 

Btiiry  VII. %  1«  wia-vpt!  Op«a  cr-jwn    .  12 

„        .,     2a-i  i'.ijU-j^  Ar.ji  .'i  cr^wa  .  33 

CbarLn  tac  Bold,  Doke  ci  ^^Tzz^ij    Iki^^ 

IL-T S< 

3:« 

The  ^oins  ire  mjuih  ''.xMizi^d,  and  pre- 
sent no  {*ir.x''JiT^  '-jf  acv'cl'.y,  hit  ih^  L-Mrd 
H  of  :nc«»r»sic  m  pr'>v:ni;  the  Ojrrectr.ew  of 
the  anribufiiAn  off  ehn  ^<vzu  of  H^scry  with 
tb*  open  ervm-x  b«  Hi^nry  VI  l^  ami  thuw' 
ia^  the  eelacWt  ^mportiriH*  of  th«  imna 


of  the  different  mints  in  cirenlation  at  one 
time.  It  is  also  curious  to  obeenre  bow 
quickly  the  English  coinage  at  that  time 
disaiJ|>earcd  fhnu  circulation,  asy  setting 
aside  the  two  Calais  groats,  none  of  the 
coins  are  earlier  than  1464^  or  later  than 
1302.  It  is  in  fact  probable  that  the 
latest  of  the  coins  are  sereral  years  parlicr 
than  that  date,  as  but  one  mint  mark  is  to 
be  found  upon  them. 

Mr.  Evans  read  a  paper  on  a  legionary 
coin  of  Carnusius,  in  which  he  shewed  that 
the  legend  on  the  coin  exhibited  by  Mr. 
Warren  of  Ix worth*  must  have  been  in  all 
probability  LEO  I.  anir.,  Legio  Prioim  Mi- 
ncrvia.  In  proof  of  this  be  referred  to 
Roach  Smith's  Colfect.  Aniiqua,  voL  ir. 
pi.  XXX.  5,  and  vol.  v.  pi.  xvii.  8;  the 
latter  l)eitig  a  coin  in  the  late  Mr.  Rolfe's 
collection,  which  has  now  passed  into  Mr. 
Evans's  hands.  It  was  suggested  that  the 
ram  was  assumed  as  the  symbol  of  this 
first  Minervian  legion,  because  the  con- 
stellation Aries  was  frtcred  to  Minerva,  and 
was  also  the  first  of  the  signs  of  the  lodiac, 
as  this  was  the  first  of  the  Roman  legions. 
It  was  the  custom  among  the  Romans  to 
have  several  legions,  each  known  by  the 
same  numbt-r,  but  distinguished  by  dif- 
ferent appellations.  Of  the  fint  legion 
there  were  the  Macriana,  the  Adjntrix, 
the  Augusta,  and  the  Italica,  beside  the 
Minervia.  This  latter  was  first  constituted 
by  Domitian  in  Lower  Germany,  and  ap- 
pears on  the  coins  of  Severus  and  Uallie* 
nus»  and  p*w»iMy  those  of  Aure<das,  be- 
side these  of  Carausiu^  so  that  its  history 
can  be  traced  for  upwards  of  200  yean. 

Mr.  Madden  contributed  a  paper,  **  On 
the  Three  Valentinians»"  in  which  be  stated 
that  Eckhel,  Mionnet,  and  Akerman  re- 
corded that  the  coins  of  Valentiman  II., 
excepting  when  spedally  marked  by  the  epi- 
thet iT^ior,  and  thote  of  Valentinian  III., 
when  this  latter  was  not  calkd  FLiddins, 
were  not  able  to  be  di<rtingu:«hed  from 
tk'»e  of  ValentiiJan  I.,  and  showtd  that 
by  a  carerul  comparison  these  coins  can  be 
separated;  that  in  many  imms^  in  ct^nse- 
quencv  of  the  mint  letters,  c-.iu5  that  had 
been  aligned  to  the  elder  Valennnian 

•  See  GaxT.  Ma«.,  toL  ccx.  p.  Mft. 


1861.]     London  and  Middx.  and  Surrey  Archteol,  Societies.        59 


■$' 


cotild  not  but  belong  to  Uie  son,  and  tlint 
the  reverseit  of  the  wins  of  Volenti niiiii  1 1 L 
to  resembled  the  reverses  of  the  corns  of 
tbn  timp*  thnt  U  wnt  iinpossible  to  mis- 
take ibem.  Vttletitininn  I,  wmia  stout,  full- 
fhMrerl  Winn,  (*'  orjms  ejn§  tacertosum  et 
vbIi  dimj,*'^-tum.  MarcelL  xxx.  9) ;  while 
the  Mill  WAS  only  tbur  or  five  y<  nrs  of  oge 
on  bt0  father*!  death,  mid  died  when  % 
little  more  tbMi  twenty ;  and  that  iu  con* 
lequonee  it  wu  euy  to  dittingnish  be- 
tween %  man  and  a  youth.  A  list  of  the 
coinH  of  Vulentiuian  II.  followed,  and  some 
imnrk*  on  the  mint-marks  found  in  the 
M  on  these  coins,  tr.  (Treviri),  id.  (Lug. 
disnnm,  Lyont).  aq.  (Aquiti'ift),  all  Acoom- 
[Nuiied  bjp  cov*  (Con^iintinjo  monetic)  in 


the  exer^H^ ;  also  on  ti  toin  with  the  uiint- 
mark  com.  alonet  and  ositlgued  to  Ark^i. 
Oonstautina  wu*  the  nttme  given  to  Arle» 
by  Constantine  when  he  built  a  new  town 
on  the  opposite  side  of  the  Rhone,  and  the 
attribution  of  a  coin  of  Fansta  with  the 
mint-mark  oonbt.  to  Aries,  which  oonld 
not  he  of  Constantinople,  becatuie  Funstii 
died  before  Bysatitium  was  founded,  is  due 
to  the  Ittte  Mr.  Barrell  of  Smyrna.  Mr. 
Mndden  g^avo  an  account  of  many  more 
mint- mar ka.  and  in  concltiRion  stat^jd  that 
the  eiplaniition  of  §onie  of  them  was  hy- 
pothetical, thonph  decidedly  probabk',  re- 
ferring to  hts  forthcoming;  work  on  '*  Koman 
NumtHinaties."  in  which  be  had  fnlly 
treated  this  interesting  subject. 


LONDON  AND  MIDDLESEX  AND  SUKKEY  ARCHJSOLOQICAL 

SOCIETIES. 


Maff  21,  CeiBLES  Bailt,  Eaq.,  in 
the  chair. 

Edward  BmW  Jupp»  ESsi}*,  F.S.A.,  gx- 

bibited  a  coloured  litho^rapbie  proof  of 
the  gniQtof  arms  by  William  IlawkcHlowe, 
ClarencieuXj  to  the  Carpenteri'  Company, 
doted  November  24,  6  Edw,  IV.  The 
M*mf  arc  thna  de«crilie<l  in  the  grant: 
••A  fe\de  siluer,  a  cheveron  fable  grayled, 
ly  compas  of  the  «ame."  Thei«e  arms 
were  con  finned  t*j  the  Company  by  TliomiiJi 
H.-nolt,  October  28,  22  Henry  vi i L  The 
fine  Will  of  HawkeelowG  ie  appended  to 
tbe  original  grant. 

Sir  Jobn  Mn^rove  ei^hlbitcd  the  mace 
of  Bronddtreet  Ward.  This  mace,  which 
M  of  silver 'gilt,  is  In  height  1  fl<  llf 
in.  J  on  the  bead,  which  is  sunnounted 
by  an  artdied  crown,  are  emljossed  the 
E(>yHj  arma,  aliio  tbe  rose,  barp,  tbintla, 
and  llenr-du-b's,  all  crowned.  The  (ol- 
lowing  iiiaeriptions  are  on  the  handle : — 

*'The    giiift  of  Mr.  Mathew    Forstcr, 
An**  1635,  to  the  Ward  of  Broad-street^ 
i^Xontl  u.'* 

'The    \Vor»hipfal   Jobn  Cowan,  Eflq., 
Jdenuan,    Thomas    Corney,    E«q.,    De- 
puty," 

••Repaired  and  regilt  1860.  the  RigUt 

.John  MusgTOve,  LordMHVor,  Tliomas 

oroey,    £»q^t    Deputy,    H.   H,   toUins, 


amn  of  the  dty  cf  London  are 


engraved  on  tbe  flat  extremity   of  the 
handle. 

Alderman  Hale  exhibited  the  mace  of 
Ci>leman-fttr<  ct  Wartl,  which  is  also  *itlver' 
gtlt«  and  is  in  height  i^  ft.  3  in.  The  head 
IB  punnounted  by  an  open  crown,  us-dcr 
which  are  represente<l  the  Royal  arms, 
8UpI>orters  and  motto  j  tbe  rtJse,  flcur- 
dt^-lia,  harp  and  thistle,  cTuwned,  are 
cmhoflsed  round  the  bowL  Inscriptions 
on  handle:- — 

"  Wm.  Hunger,  Esq.,  elected  Alderman 
18^45,  Uml  Minor  1851." 

"■  Warren  S  Hal-,  EiK|.,  elected  Alder- 
man 1856,  Sheriff  1858." 

Mr.  Sachs  exhibited  teveml  examplea  of 
impressed  leather  bindings ;  alao  two  leavcfl 
of  an  illuminated  Missal  of  the  fuorteenth 
century. 

Joseph  J.  Howard,  Efiq.,  F.S.A.,  eT- 
hibited,  by  permission  of  Thomas  Hart, 
Esq»,  of  Reigate,  the  follow iiiny  seals : — 

I.  The  se&l  of  laabellaj  Coitntesi  of 
Warren,  affixed  to  an  ondated  grant  c*f 
landfi,  &c.,  to  Richard  de  Combes  and  bia 
bcirs.  The  date  of  this  deed  may  be  at* 
signed  to  tbe  middle  of  iho  twelftb  cen- 
tury. 

Iwaljel,  Conntcaa  of  Warren,  was  the 
wife  of  Uaineline,  natural  son  of  Gtoffry 
Plautagenet,  Earl  of  Anjuii.  She  died 
July  13,  11U*J,  and   was   buried  in   tbe 


60 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  InteUigencer. 


[July. 


chaptiT- bouse,  Lewes,  'flie  Coimte8s  is 
represeiitiHl  on  the  senl  holding  in  one 
hand  a  hawk,  the  nsual  symbol  of  nobility 
and  greiitness,  and  in  the  other  bund  a 
sprig,  probably  the  broom,  allusive  to  her 
bubband'8  uuiuo,  Plant ugenot. 

2.  The  Beid  of  John  de  Warennc,  ap- 
pended to  a  cluirter  of  Iand.s  dated  38 
Henry  I.  On  the  seal  is  the  figure  of  Karl 
Wartune,  clad  in  mail,  his  horse  armed 
for  war,  its  housings  covercil  witli  the 
Warenne  arms  **chi'quy ;"  on  the  left  arm  of 
the  Earl  is  a  shield  charged  with  the  same 
arms,  and  in  his  right  is  a  drawn  sword. 
On  the  reverse  of  the  seal  is  a  Itirge  shield 
"chequy,"  surrounded  by  the  legend  SIGIL- 

LTM  lOIIAHlB  COMITIS  WAKEXNIA. 

3.  Fragment  of  the  seal  of  John  Mow- 
bray, Duke  of  Norfolk,  Karl  Marshal,  Ijord 
of  Mowbray,  Segrave,  and  Gower,  affixed 
to  R  deed  eontirming  to  John  Tymperley  a 
messuage  called  Flauncheford,  in  the  parish 
of  "  Reygate,"  datetl  July  4,  24  Hen.  VI. 
On  the  sliield  in  the  cciitre  arc  the  Hro- 
tberton  arms,  (surmount«d  by  the  crest. 
On  a  chaiNMU  turned  up,  ermine,  a  lion 
■tatant,)  having  on  the  right  a  shield 
charged  with  the  Warren  arms,  and  on 
the  left  tlie  Mowbray  lion.  Above  the 
Warren  anns  is  an  ostrich  feather,  this 
c-'guizauce  having  been  granted  to  I'homas 
Mowbray,  Duke  of  Norfolk,  by  Richard  11. 
The  autograph  of  John  Duke  of  Norfolk, 
(which  is  of  great  rarity,)  is  written  under 
the  fold  of  the  deed. 

4.  Seal  and  autograph  of  John  Lord 
Runell,  K.O.,  Lord  High  Admiral  of 
England,  appended  to  a  deed  dated  32 
HenyVIlL 

He  wiB  the  ion  of  James  Russell  by 
Mat  his  wife,  daughter  and  lieiress  of 
Janet  Wyae^  Giq.,  and  grandson  of  Sir 
John  RuMell,  Knt.,  Speaker  of  the  House 
of  Oommona  in  the  second  and  tenth  years 
of  the  reign  of  Henry  VI. 

John  Rniaell  was  ercatod  Lord  Russell 
of  Cheyn^a,  March  9, 1538-U,  and  in  the 
'*''^1<'*^S  jear,  ou  the  dissolution  of  the 
BMHUtfteiie^  he  obtuned  a  grant  of  the 
ilto  of  the  Abbey  of  Tavistock.    A(\er 

■»  MoaHion  of  Edward  VI.  he  hai  a 
ll  of  tlM  mooaiteiy  of  Wobum«  and 
flMted  Earl  of  BcdfunL  He  died 
1 


March  15,  15&1.  Tlie  arms  on  the  seal 
are :  1st,  Quarterly,  1  and  4,  A  lion  ram- 
pant, on  a  chief  8  escallo(iM ;  2  and  3,  A 
tower  and  vane;  2nd,  Three  fishes  han- 
rient,  (Hiring);  3rd,  A  griffin  segreant 
between  3  crosses  crosi^let  fitchee,  for  Frox- 
more ;  1th,  (Wyse),  Three  chevrons  ermine; 
in  dexter  chief  a  civscent. 

H.  W.  Sass,  Kwj.,  exliihited  a  key,  the 
pro]>erty  of  the  Rev.  James  Bei-k,  found 
under  the  ruins  of  the  House  of  Lords 
after  its  destruction  by  fire,  Oct.  17, 183^k 
It  originally  belonged  to  the  lock  on  the 
door  of  the  vaults  annually  searched  on 
Nov.  4  since  the  Guniwwdcr  Plot. 

Joseph  Wilkinson,  Ksq.,  communicated 
a  paper  on  the  discovery  of  an  Anglo- 
Saxon  Ci'mctory  near  Barrington,  Cam- 
bridgeshire. Mr.  Wilkinson  remarked  that 
this  cemetery  was  first  brought  to  light 
during  the  process  of  ditching  for  land 
drainage,  when  the  labourers,  digging  a 
trench  at  a  depth  of  al>out  20  in.,  cut 
across  several  skeletons,  and  met  with 
fragments  of  pottery,  &c.  The  cemetery 
is  situated  on  a  slightly  rising  slope  in  a 
field  of  eleven  acres,  which  has  been  known 
for  the  last  200  years  (as  shewn  by  maps 
of  that  dat«)  as  Kdix-hill  Hole.  It  is 
the  proi)erty  of  Capt.  Bendyshe,  of  Bar- 
rington. Mr.  Wilkinson  stated  that  he 
had  opened  about  thirty  graves,  and  that 
as  a  rule  the  skeletons  were  found  w*itli 
the  feet  to  the  north-oast,  generally 
straight.  Tliey  are  nearly  all  in  a  won- 
derful state  of  preservation,  which  may 
be  accounted  for  by  the  nature  of  the  soil 
on  which  they  were  placed  bi'ing  a  dry 
white  clay.  Tlio  bodies  were  laid  on  the 
clay,  but  not  covered  with  it,  the  average 
depth  being  about  20  in.  Mr.  Wilkinson 
described  the  contents  of  the  various 
graves,  and  exhibited  many  objects  found 
in  them. 

Thomas  Wells,  Esq.,  Lay  Rector  of  Cob- 
ham  Church,  Kent,  exhibited  three  hel- 
mets from  that  church.  One  of  them,  of 
the  time  of  Kdwanl  V.,  l>oro  the  crest  of  a 
bearded  figure,  probably  intended  for  a 
Saracim's  head. 

John  Faulkner,  Km[.,  exhibited  six  vo- 
lumes of  "the  Gregory  Collection,**  re- 
lating   to    the    Cloihworkcrs'  ComiNUiy. 


^Mibri^e  Architectural  Society. 


61 


The  series,  wbich  p-xt«nd8  to  fotirU^en  vo- 
lames,  contains  fae>«iinilles  of  the  various 
charters  and  grmnts  Ut  the  Conipauj  ]  do- 
ficnptions  of  the  Ccnnpan^'a  etittitifa,  me- 
moTAodA  rehiting  to  the  old  luid  new  hsdU^ 
piftte,  A:^.  and  biographical  ac«oanta  of 
lord  muyor^t  uldGtitieu,  and  other  rncni* 
bers  of  the  Cloth  work  era*  Company,  iHub- 
trattid  hy  autographs,  portraits^  original 
drawings,  Slc,  lliis  coUection  ii  now  the 
property  <fcf  the  Cbth workers'  Company. 

Dr*  Bell  made  sotue  remarks  on  sevvral 
Runic  staves  exhibited  at  a  previous  meet- 
ing. "These  staves,"  Dr.  Bell  observed, 
'*  mig:ht  be  considered  a  s|ieciefl  of  ulmii- 
nack,  there  being  markfl  on  them  indi- 
cating the  Sundays,  and  the  days  of  the 
week,"  Ac, 

The  Rev.  Thos,  Hugo,  F.S.A.,  exhibited 
a  volume  entitled  "  The  Life  of  Dr.  San* 


deraon,  hit*?  Bishop  of  Lincoln,  written 
by  Isfiiik  Walton/^  printed  in  Lundon  by 
Richard  Miirriott  in  1(378,  on  the  title  of 
which  is  thi»  inucriptioti ; — 

"  tor  my  mn  Birch 

Iz.  W."  (Iz«ak  Walton.) 

Mr,  Hogo  Abo  exhibited  an  early  copy 
of  the  Gospels,  tetnp.  tenth  century,  and 
on  illuminiited  book  of  Hours  of  the  fif- 
teenth century. 

The  Dean  and  Cliapter  of  St.  Paul's  ex- 
hibited the  two  following  inanascnpte 
from  the  Cftthidrnl  Library,  vix.  1.  "  .\n 
Inventory  o(  OrnuineutJ  and  other  things 
relating  to  Divine  Service  belonging  to 
St,  Paul's  Cathedral,  a.d.  1295  j"  2.  **  A 
Book  of  Rules  and  Ui-guhvtions  for  the 
Canons  of  St.  Paulas,  a.d.  1183,"  (erro- 
neously Ottered  *'  Chartulariuin/*) 


CAMBRIDGE  ARCHITECTURAL  SOCIETY. 


Ma^  20.  The  excuraion  took  place.  A 
ty  of  about  seventeen  started  with  coach 
and  ftmr  from  the  '*  Eagle,"  at  10  nan., 
■od  drove  over  to  Huutingdtm,  taking 
Long  SUmton,  Overj  Swavesey,  anil  Fen 
Stanton  on  the  way.  At  Long  Stant  n 
they  stayed  and  examined  both  the  small 
and  intereflting  church  of  St.  Mielioel, 
its  larger  neighboor  of  All  Saints. 
Over  is  a  very  interesting  specimen  of 
modem  rcst^^ration,  which  has  huen  well 
carried  out  by  the  pre«ent  energetic  vicar. 
At  Swavcsey  the  party  were  invited  by 
Mrs.  Long  to  view  the  Old  Manor  house, 
which  has  many  very  intereating  portions 
remaining;  and  by  her  hospitality  they 
were  refreshed  for  their  journey.  The 
church  at  Swavesey  is  &ne  and  large,  but 
in  very  poor  condition.  Fen  Stuiiton  has 
hnd  the  nave  lately  restored  in  good  taste, 
but  the  chancel  looks  very  meagre,  being 
a  fine  shell  with  good  windows  and  very 
poor  Attings.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  in 
iitne  it  may  l>e  made  to  agree  better  with 
the  body  of  the  church.  At  Huntingdoti 
the  party  viiiited  All  Siunts'  Church,  which 
has  lately  been  restored,  or  rather  par- 
tially restored,  under  the  superintendence 
of  Mr.  Scott.  Chairs  ore  Introduced  here 
throughotit,  with  go<:»d  e licet  and  great 
GiKT.  Macs,  Vou  CCXI. 


convenience,  but  much  remains  to  be  done 
to  the  church  before  the  restoratiuu  cau 
be  considered  complete.  After  dinner  at 
the  *'  Crown  "  the  party  returned  to  Cnm- 
briJge,  arriving  soon  aller  seven  in  the 
evening. 

Jfav  30.  The  Rev.  O.  WiLLUMa, 
Kin g*s  College,  in  the  chair. 

The  Rev.  J.  W.  Beamont,  Trinity  Col- 
lege, read  a  paper  on  the  Conventual 
Church  of  Mount  Sinai,  Hie  convent 
dates  its  formation  from  the  Emperor 
Justinian.  The  present  buildings  form 
a  square,  eaich  side  of  which  is  one  hundred 
yards  long.  The  church  is  a  little  olf  the 
diagonal  towards  the  northern  wnlL  Its 
form  is,  externally,  rectangular.  It  con- 
tains four  poTtiouH — the  ordiiiiiry  tiarthex, 
na(»,  and  hieron,  and  an  opinhieron  be- 
hind the  hieron,  whertMn  ia  the  tradi- 
tional site  of  the  burning  biish.  The 
narthex  is  a  dark  corridor,  preceding  the 
entrance  to  the  UAm.  The  naos  is  di- 
vided into  aisles  bf  two  rows,  of  six  pillars 
each,  two  mof^  being  added  and  enclosed 
within  the  hicron.  The  pillars  ore  of  gra- 
nite, whitewashed,  their  capitjils  palm-leaf 
and  other  Egyptian  types,  the  height 
twelve  feet.  Wooden  screens  of  lattice- 
X 


62 


Antiqwman  and  lAterary  bUdUgauer, 


[Jaly, 


work  lerre  to  divide  the  centre  and  nde 
aiflet;  the  ordinary  gallerj  for  women 
orer  the  nartbex  ia  wanting.  The  hieron 
teminatet  in  an  apae,  aroond  which  ran 
three  stone  benofaei»  oorreeponding  to  the 
•eatf  cH  the  bithop  and  pretbyten  in 
ordinary  baailicai.  On  the  arch  of  tri- 
nmpb  is  a  mosaic  of  the  Transfiguration, 
in  honoor  of  which  the  convent  is  dedi- 
cated. On  either  side  of  this  are  portraits 
In  mosaic — that  on  the  left  of  Justinian, 
•haggy  and  unintelligrent ;  on  the  right  of 
Theodora,  effeminate  and  sencnal.  These 
portraits  are,  probably,  contemporary.  The 
length  from  the  apse  to  the  nartbex  is 
108  ft.,  and  the  breadth  of  the  nave  30  ft. 
From  the  piers  round  arches  spring,  and 
support  the  roof,  which  is,  internally,  fiat ; 
externally,  pyramidal.  Over  the  arches 
are  plain  clerestory  windows.  The  chapel 
of  the  Burning  Bush  is  said  to  have  been 
founded  by  Helena ;  but  the  present  struc- 


ture la  not  protended  to  readi  any  remote 
antiquity.  The  altar  is  reported  to  cover 
the  nte  of  the  burning  bush :  the  east  end 
ia  square:  you  are  required  to  take  off 
your  shoes  on  entering.  Tbe  eonvent  con- 
tains thirty-five  monks^  seven  of  whom 
are  priesta,  one  a  deacon,  and  the  rest  lay 
brothers.  They  are  under  the  charge  of 
a  Hegoumenoa,  Militius,  who  formerly 
studied  in  Athens ;  he  has  held  hia  present 
post  four  years.  A  constant  interdiange 
of  inmates  is  maintained  between  the  con- 
vent on  Mount  Sinai  and  its  branch  in 
Cairo,  where  the  Archbishop  of  Sinai 
uaually  reaides.  It  ia  the  intention  of  the 
present  Archbishop  to  rebuild  the  monas- 
tery on  Mount  Sinai,  so  aa  to  fit  it  for  the 
residence  of  a  hundred  monks.  It  would 
be  well  if,  in  his  improvement,  he  included 
a  school  for  the  monks,  and  for  the  chil- 
dren of  their  dependant  servants  in  the 
neighbourhood. 


LEICE8TER8HIEE  ARCHITECTURAL  AND  ARCH^OLOGICAL 

SOCIETY. 


May  26.  The  Rev.  Robxbt  Bubhabt, 
M.A.,  in  the  chair. 

The  Kev.  Ernest  Tower  exhibited  a 
sword  fVom  Bosworth  Field,  and  some 
portions  of  encaustic  tiles  from  Shenton 
Church,  bearing  heraldic  devices,  one 
being  apparently — Jjozengy,  or  and  gules — 
the  arms  anciently  borne  by  Creon  of 
Freeston  or  Burton  Croun,  co.  Lincoln, 
whose  descendant,  William  Lord  Vaux, 
the  second  son  of  Petronel  de  Creon, 
married  Eleanor,  daughter  of  William 
Lord  Ferrart,  temp,  Heu.  III.  According 
to  Domesday,  Henry  do  Ferrariis  hold 
lands  at  Shenton  when  the  general  Survey 
was  taken.  A  Nuremberg  token  of  the 
ordinary  character  was  also  found  lately 
iu  Shenton  Church. 

Mr.  James  Thompson  tlien  read  a  paper 
on  the  "  Ilerrick  Portraits  in  the  Town- 
liall,  lioicester."  In  the  chamber  in  which 
the  Town  (Council  of  Lviocstor  usually 
meets  are  lUNpondod  two  ancient  ]X)rlraits. 
They  bang  on  each  side  of  the  Mayor's 
chair,  and  above  the  bench  on  which,  in 
old  times,  the  Aldennen  were  wont  to  sit, 
ranged  to  the  right  and  left  of  the  chief 
magistrate. 


That  on  the  left  hand  is  evidently  the 
portrait  of  a  man  far  advanced  in  years, 
and  of  grave  and  venerable  aspect.  His 
head  is  bald  and  covered  with  a  close- 
fitting  skull-cap,  though  his  visage  is  still 
ruddy.  In  the  upper  right-hand  comer 
of  the  picture  is  painted  a  shield,  on 
which  is  blazoned  the  coat  armorial  of 
Heyrick,  quartered  with  that  of  Bond,  of 
Ward  End,  in  the  county  of  Warwick. 
In  the  upper  left-hand  comer  of  the 
picture  are  these  lines : — 

**  His  picture  whom  70a  here  see 
When  he  is  dead  and  rotten, 
By  this  shall  remembered  be. 
When  he  shall  be  forgotten." 

The  portrait  is  that  of  Alderman  Robert 
Heyrick,  who  died  in  the  reign  of  James 
the  First 

The  other  portrait  has  something  of 
the  same  style  of  feature,  but  is  that  of 
a  much  younger  man.  Ho  wears  on  the 
little  finger  of  his  right  hand  a  signet - 
ring,  on  which  is  engraved  the  shield  of 
Bond,  of  Ward  End,  distinctly  visible. 
In  the  upper  right-hand  comer  are  pidnted 
the  armorial  bearings  of  the  Goldsmitlis' 
Company.    In  the  upper  left-hand  comer 


186L]    Leicestershire  Architectural  and  Archceological  Society.    6S 


i*  the  coat  of  arm*  of  the  Bond  famDy. 

On  the  k'ft'ltand  side  of  tbe  head  are  the 

'ataiU  Mke   30:"   on   the   right 

,  «-l*i»  1591/' 

This  portrait  his  genenilly  been   de- 

Bcribed  n»  that  of  a  citizen  and  goldiimitb 

of  I«ondon  named  Bond;  hut  Mr.  John 

Ouuj^h  NlcboU,  afber  a  close  inspection  of 

I  btdj  conjecture  that  the  picture 

nta  WiHiam  Herri ck,  the  yoirag- 

hrother  of  Alderman  Robert  He^rick. 

The  He)  rick  family  were  on^iiially  land- 

at  Qreat  Strettou,  hut   they  re- 

red   to   Hottghton'on-the-HtU   in   tbe 

arlier    part    of    the    fiftoenth    century, 

Hi' here  Robert  Eyrick  poaaeased  an  estate 

in  the  yeftr  1450.     Kb  son,  Thomaa,  re- 

to  Leicoftcr,  where  he  became  a 

,  inhabitant.     He  was  chosen  town 

■mberkin,  and  died  in  1517.     UU  aona 

Kickuhks  and  John  both  hecatne  Mayora 

of  Leiceiiter.     The  former  was  the  father 

of  Itabert  Herrick,  the  "English  Ana* 

i/'  and  the  ktter  waa  the  father  of 

obert  and  Wiltiam,  the  mibjects  of  the 

traits  in  question.     Robert,  who  was 

hrice  Mayor  of  Leicester,  died  in  1618, 

I  78 ;  but  William  attiuned  to  greater 

rdiatinction : — 

'  Early  in  Ufe  he  had  amassed  consider- 
kAble  weidth,  for  he  purchased  the  estate 
I  Besomanor  from  tbe  agents  of  Rohert, 
1  of  Easen,  in  159&,  when  be  wiu<i  only 
l(i  year  older  than  be  is  setii  to  be  iu  his 
portrait*     In  another  year  the  new  pro- 
prietor ot  Beauman«>r  roarritd  Jtwiu  May, 
d»nght«r  of  litchard  Muv,  K>(|.,  a  citizen 
Lof  London,  and  sister  of  t^ir  Himiphrey 
l-lfay.  Knight,  once  chancellor  of  the  Duchy 
lof  Lancaster.     H«?  now  renew  ed  his  con- 
|iicctiun  with  his  native  tov^n,  and  bt^ame 
enrolled  on  the  list  ol  frt^ernea,  giving  to 
the  Mayor  *  in  kinilne:^s  '    twt he  silver 
spoons,  with  the  cinquef  il  upon  the  knobs 
of  them,  instead  of  the  usual  fte  of  lOs, 
Shortly  afterwards,  in  the  year  1601,  Mr. 
Herrick  was  elected  one  of  the  hurgessc» 
in  iWliatuent,  with  Mr.  Belgrave,  ot  Bel- 
grave,  and  remained  in  that  position  until 
litht?  dfoCHSc  of  Qui'cn  Elizabeth,  in  March, 
16i)3,     In  that  year  i^ir  Henry  i^kipwith 
and  Sir  Henry  Beaumont,  of  Gracedien, 
Wire  elected   to    represent   I^icester  in 
Parliame  t.     In  the  early   part   of  the 
year  H>u5,  William  Herrick  wa»  kuigbted 
by  King  Jamee,  and  he  was  a  second  time 
returned   meini>er  tur    Leicester,   in   the 


place  of  8ir  Henry  Beaumont,  w*ho  de- 
ceased in  the  month  of  October  of  the 
same  year.  At  this  time  also  he  was  ap' 
pointed  to  an  office  in  the  royal  jewel- 
house,  having  for  one  of  his  coadjutors 
lleorgo  Heriot,  the  'jingling  Gtordit* ' 
with  whom  Scott  has  rendered  us  delight- 
fully familiar  in  his  '  Fortunes  of  >»igel,' 
who  ijVB*  the  contemporary,  and  in  some 
sort  the  rival,  of  Sir  William  Herrick  j 
who  himself  must  have  seen  as  much  of 
the  eccentric  and  petlantic  monarch  oa 
Heriot  did  in  his  frequent  interconrae 
with  royalty.  The  owner  of  Be^nmanor 
waa  now  as  frnjuently  a  resident  in  the 
metropolis  as  in  tbe  country,  for  he  vvaa 
appointed  a  Teller  of  the  Exchec|uer  alxtnt 
the  same  date  as  that  under  review ;  and 
in  this  capacity,  as  in  that  of  the  great 
capitalist  and  court  banker  of  the  age, 
whose  money  was  lent  alike  to  the  king, 
the  noble,  the  peeress,  and  the  commoner, 
he  cannot  help  but  have  been  constantly 
employed. 

"  In  the  year  1602,  the  worthy  knight 
waa  a  third  time  elected  member  for  Lei- 
cester, with  Sir  Richard  M  orison,  Knight, 
Master  of  the  Ordnance,  In  the  letter  to 
Mr.  Pares,  the  Mayor,  (still  txtunt,)  in 
which  he  returns  thanks,  he  characteris- 
tically writes:  *  It  is  a  sentence  in  the 
Gospt'l  that  there  were  ten  lepers  cleansed, 
hut  there  was  only  one  that  returned  to 
give  thanks.  I  wish  I  may  he  that  one  j 
for  of  all  vices  1  would  not  be  counted 
nngrat*?fuL  I  acknowledge  your  love  to 
me  in  chtsosing  me  your  burgefis ;  and,  I 
s|)eak  it  with  truth,  never  any  did  with 
better  alacrity  attend  tlnit  service  than 
myself  did.* 

**On  Sir  William's  retirement  from 
Parliament,  he  scenis  to  have  trf>ught  the 
tranquil  enjoyments  of  a  country  life  in 
his  mansion,  surround*  d  by  the  noble  oaks 
of  C  barn  wood  Forest.  There  he  dwelt 
until  the  year  of  his  decease  in  1653,  aged 
91,  surrouudt'd  by  his  children's  children'i 
children  i  iis  his  venerable  mother,  Mary 
Eyrick,  wi*s  when,  at  the  age  of  97,  sha 
died  in  1611,  having  seen  hefi^re  her 
depart  ur»»  one  hundred  and  forty -two  of 
ht'V  descendants. 

"It  is  here  worthy  of  mention  that 
since  the  decease  of  Sir  William  Herrick, 
the  estate  at  Beanraanor  has  passed  in 
regular  succession  thruugh  the  hands  of 
five  other  William  Herri eks,  who*e  united 
ages  yield  an  average  to  each  ot  76  years ; 
the  pr«»nt  proprietor  (Wm,  Perry  Her- 
rick, Efcj.l  being  the  seventh  link  in  the 
genealogical  chain,  and  enjoying  the  pros- 
pect of  a  longevity  ec|Uftl  to  that  of  any  of 
his  forefathtrs.      The  late  William  Her* 


&i 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[July, 


rick,  RmIm  of  ThiirniHiiton,  tho  \t»t  male 
rcpri  M'litHiivn  in  the  direct  lino  of  Aldcr- 
niiin  KolMjrt  jlerrick,  died,  at  a  good  old 
af((',  a  fi'W  >earH  a^i." 

Afivr  H  votfi  of  thnnkH  for  Mr.  Thoinp- 
■ou'h  paiNir,  eightiH'n  new  nienibcrri  were 


elected,  and  it  was  resolved  that  the  gene- 
ral meeting  should  be  held  this  year  at 
Lutterworth,  the  Rev.  A.  Pownall,  Hector 
of  South  Kilworth,  being  requested  to 
act  as  secretary  to  a  local  committee  for 
carrying  out  the  arrangements. 


SOCIETY  OF  ANTIQUAUIE 
JuHf*  5.    Joiiif  Fenwick,  Esq.,  V.-P., 
in  the  chair. 

Among  other  donations,  tho  members 
were  gnitititHl  by  u  large  incroanc  to  their 
stores  in  the  shape  of  101  volumes,  which 
had  been  placed  on  thoir  table  by  the 
family  of  tlie  late  Thomns  Hell,  Es({., 
each  volume  In^iring  the  inscription, — 
"This  volume,  with  1(K)  others,  from  the 
''llionias  Hell  Library,*  is  presented  to 
tho  S<H'ii'ty  of  Anti(iuaries  of  Newcastle- 
nixin-Tyne,  as  a  memorial  of  the  late 
ct>llector*s  interest  in  the  Scxriety  fr«)m 
its  foundation  to  his  death.'*  Tho  collec- 
tion is  in  a  great  mimsuro  of  a  manuscript 
character,  the  labour  of  Mr.  Hell  himself, 
and  comprises  matter  illustrative  of  almost 
every  brandi  of  Nowciistle  and  Northern 
topography  and  domestic  history-.  The 
collections  illnstrative  of  the  Town  Moor 
and  the  parish  of  St.  John  are  peculiarly 
minnto  and  interesting. 

Mr.  White  exhibit4>d  two  poems  by  Ho- 
bort  Hums,  in  the  hand^iTiting  of  the 
poet.  Uoih  have  been  printed  —  one 
being  a  *<  Monody  on  Maria  H..*'  and  the 
other  entitled  "Conntry  I^ASsie,** comprised 
in  his  songs;  and  they  wore  examined 
irith  mnch  interest.  Mr.  Wliite  then  read 
•  paptf*  in  which,  beside  some  carious 
tpMolations  on  his  personal  ap]iearanoe 
fbnnded  on  his  hand-writing,  he  defended 
tb«  poet  ft\nn  the  charges  of  idleness  and 
pnffigacy  that  hare  been  made  against 
hiuDU    Uo  said : — 

**  Bams  has  himnelf  furnished  the  best 
re|4y  to  his  detractors  in  the  quantity  of 
verw  be  pnbli«ht^l  both  in  p^H^ms  and 
Sh^ngs,  and  the  namerous  loiter*  he  «n^e 
ft\nn  the  cvmmoncement  of  hi«  anthonhip 
down  to  tlie  close  of  his  life,  and  that  was 
compriiwd  in  the  brief  ci^orse  of  onlv  abi-'ut 
t<ii  TMn.  Dmrinjr  tlut  p-.-riod  ho  h^d 
tbo  KoBDev  of  a  &rm,  trn  at  MiiMcioI 
•nd  aftennidf  ax  El^uuid.  to  occupy  hi* 
•UMtMB;  vUW  as  :be  Utt«r  pLftce,'  aatl 


S,  NEWCASTLE-UPON.TYXE. 

also  at  Dumfries,  he  had  the  responsible 
duties  of  an  excise  officer  to  perfonn  over 
several  parishes.  This  he  accomplished  to 
the  approval  of  the  higher  authorities,  for 
his  accounts  were  kept  in  such  excellent 
order  that  old  Maxwell  of  Terraughty,  a 
rigid  and  determined  magistrate,  is  known 
to  have  said : — *  Hring  me  Hums*s  books. 
It  always  does  mo  good  to  see  them :  they 
shew  that  a  warm,  kind-hearted  man  may 
be  a  diligent  and  honest  officer.'  It  was, 
therefore,  only  in  his  leisure  hours  that  he 
could  apply  himself  to  original  compnei- 
tion,  and  wlion  we  examine  what  he  pro- 
duced by  bulk  alone,  apart  from  the  pith 
and  spirit  he  infuFCil  into  whatever  he 
wrote,  we  feel  justified  in  saying  that  no 
dissolute  man  could  have  accomplished  such 
an  amount  of  labour,  for  the  pen  must  have 
been  scarcely  ever  out  of  his  hand." 

Mr.  Long^ffe  then  read  the  following 
notes  on  some  rubbings  from  the  Saxon 
cross  at  Winston : — 

"Mr.  H.  M.  Scarth,  of  15,  Bathwick- 
hill,  ftith,  having  called  the  etlitor's  at- 
tention to  the  head  of  a  Saxon  cross  at 
Winston,  and  sent  some  rough  sketches 
of  it,  and  facilities  having  since  been  kiutily 
aflfonled  by  the  Rector  for  rubbings  of  its 
two  sides, 'they  are  now  submitted  to  the 
S^wety.  Tlie  stone,  which  was  lying  loose 
in  the  churchyanl,  has  boon  placed  for 
safety  in  the  entrance-hall  of  the  rectory- 
house. 

"  Independently  of  the  interest  of  its 
ornaments,  which  are  of  a  character  un- 
nsnal  in  this  part  of  the  country,  its  oc- 
currence at  Winston  is  toi¥>graphically 
important.  It  proves  beyond  all  question 
the  early  existeni.'o  of  Christian  worship 
at  the  place.  Wlnj^ton  as  a  name  does 
not  occur  until  iuuiuxliaioly  af:er  the  Con- 
quest :  but  U"»th  Ivf.'n*  and  afterwanis  we 
have  among  tho  is>«so**ion»  of  the  »oo  of 
Durham  tho  name  of  Hoa«.*liflo,  which, 
whether  it  W  idontiosl  with  a  still  oarii.  r 
lltvlif  or  not.  d^x*  not.  for  historioal 
rx\a.sMis.  soom  to  hare  btvn  Clffo.  :n  York- 
shire, or.  for  similar  roaAMis.  and  from  tlse 
c^^n:omix'»raT^-  ivcurrtnuv  of  Acloia  fc^r  Ay- 
cliflV\  to  have  boon  tho  Uitor  plstv.  The 
maniv<bi>u90  of  Winston  MatK»r.  and  $«>:i.e 


1861.]       Society  of  Antiquaries,  Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 


65 


part  of  the  demesne  UqcIbp  are  written 
Hetgliley,  and  pronounced  Hikelcy ;  nnd 
flth  Winston,  or  this  j^art  of  it,  UeaclilTe 
\  probably  to  be  identitiefl. 
"  Tbe  fragment  U  part  of  tbe  tranflverae 
bar  of  an  npriglit  cross,  witb  a  border  of 
^  beads  probably  in  Imitation  of  the  jewels 
pa  craciform  ornaments  of  (;old.     On  one 
mde  Is  a  drculnr  centrepiece,  also  bended, 
Iftnd  tbc  appetirance  of  a  etag^fannt — two 
js,  a  dog,  and  perhat>4  «  *pear4iciul 
)  tkHiig  the  objects  visible.  Tht*  et%e«,  wh'u'h 
|«re  not  shewn   here,   present  very  rctle 
Iknotwork.     On  tbe  other  side  we  have  in 
Itlie  centre  a  singnbir  group,  whieh  may 
the  thought  to  resolve  itself  into  a  figme 
f  fecliidng  on  a  harrow  or  gridiron ;  if  tbe 
I  latter,  St.  Lawrence  is  probably  indicated. 
iThe  effigy  on  a  seal,  from  a  brass  matrix 
[|n  tbe  bands  of  Mr.  Abbott,  of  I>Arliugton« 
Fviarked  'SAVjrcTE  lavuknc,  b  pruductd 
iJcir  oompariion.    Near  him  is  a  bunch  of 
"be  conventional  grapes  so  common  on 
l^ibcse  croflsos,  and  thought  to  refer  t^  the 
rTVtie  Vino,  and  at  each  end  is  a  nicho 
with  a  6gnre,     Of  one  only  tbe  bead  is 
left ;  the  other  is  perfect,  and  seema  to  be 
,  praying  to  a  ftmall  cross  of  St.  Andrew, 
lirhich  it  curiously  indaed  ou  tbe  border 
f  tbe  niche. 
•It  is  a  coincidence,  possibly  nothing 
that  the  chnrch  is  dedicated   to 
f  St.  Andrew,    The  bsU  on  which  it  stands 
to  have  been  Bliding  away  on  the 
K(tontb  side,  as  the  appearance  of  a  priest's 
I  door  ia  above  the  present  leveL  Tbe  church 
[lias  recently  undergone   tnuch   rcpniring 
[ and  alteration,    llic  original  portions  hft, 
i ! .  vails  of  the  chancel  and  the 

[jpiterf  u  hk'h  open  into  tht'  s*«uth 

»  and  Oi;. ,  ...  .V    j1  the  nave,  are  plain  work 
of  the  secund  half  of  tbe  twelfth  century. 
The  piscina  is  more  ornate-     It  is  a  tre- 
ilbiled  niche,  the  cnsps  knobbed,  and  the 
I  chamfered  moulding  ornamented  with  pel- 
|]eUi  or  nutmeg  ornamenta.     Ttie  wefitern 
I  buy  of  the  nave  is  marked  off  by  the 
western  pier  being  of  double  thickness. 
The  bellVy  was  very  plain.     It  had  two 
bells  in  Edward  the  Sixth's  time.     A  pic- 
tnreMoe  turret  haa  now  supplanted  it. 
Ttk6  font   has  rude  sculpture   round   its 
I  bowl,    iK>6aibly  copied    in    conipar«tivt4y 
I  late  tim<»  from  a  medley  of  Nonnnn  and 
val  originals.     There  are   tabulous 
,  foliage,  and  window-trocery. 
•'In  the  south  wall  of  tlie  diaucel  is 
'  built  in  a  slab  of  the  thirteenth  cen- 
with  the   tooth « ornament   on    its 
ifered  edges.    The  editor  had  only 
i  to  secure  a  roagh  sketch  of  the  lower 
i  of  the  crooB  and  its  attendant  mart- 
land  award. 


**  There  are  tome  small  brasson,  of  which 
rubbings  tire  prwluced.  A  alab  at  the 
east  end  of  the  south  aiale  bears  the  marks 
of  A  civiUan*i»  effigy^  with  an  iuscription  to 
Richard  Mason,  1532,  on  a  brass  label. 
In  the  ebaficel  is  an  earlier  label  of  braav 
engraved  by  an  ignorant  or  careless  work- 
man, to  John  I'urllea,  chaplain,  1498. 
These  in«cription§  are  very  loosely  printed 
in  the  county  histories.  The  chaplain  pro- 
bably nfEciftted  at  the  little  cbap4.4  situate 
near  Ueighley  Hall,  of  which  the  last  ro- 
malns  bad  been  removed  before  Snrteess' 
ptiblication.  He  reports  that  the  follow- 
ing  brass,  which  now  lies  near  tbe  pulpit 
in  tbe  nave,  had  been  lately  discovered  in 
an  old  lumber-chpflt  in  Winston  Church, 
There  are  peculiarities  in  its  engraving 
not  notioeii  by  the  historian.  The  legend 
is  in  small  capitals : — *  Here  lieth  the  b<:>dy 
of  M— r«f— ary  Dowtbwhet,  tlaughler  of 
George  Scroope,  Esquire,  and  wife  of  3lr, 
John  Dowtbwhet  of  Westholme,  who  in 
childbed  died  tbe  xxviii  dav  of  Noveniber, 
1606.*  The  titles  of  Mr.' and  Mrs,  had 
been  interlined,  and  the  M  of  Maiy  m«de 
to  do  double  doty, 

"The  inscription  laid  down  by  the  lust 
of  the  Dowthwaites,  which  Surteea  saw  on 
a  coarse  stone  in  the  flwr  of  the  navtv  and 
which  in  fact  now  lies  between  the  nave 
and  south  aisle  in  a  broken  state,  is  only 
re[>i'ated  in  order  to  note  the  injuricH  it 
has  suffered  in  removing  the  ceiling  of  tbe 
nave  for  tbe  substitution  of  an  open  roof 
of  stained  deal,  Tli©  monument  is  in- 
teresting from  the  impression  it  seems  to 
bave  made,  beyond  anything  else  in  the 
chureb,  on  llie  gentle  mind  of  our  t^ipo- 
gnipber.  Tbe  pith  of  it  is  now  nii^ing, 
or  bidden  from  view,  and  is  supplied  in 
brackets : — [*  Hero  was  bnrjed  th*^]  Body 
of  John  Dowthwaite»  of  Westljolrae,  (Jen- 
tleman,  wlio  dyed  September  [Ifi,  1680, 
aged  80  ye:irs.  Here  lyeth  the  body  of 
John  Dowthwnite,  btflgmndson,  who  dyed 
June  11,  1707,  aged  23  yeara,  5  months, 
and  16  days,  Bon  of  Barnard  Dowthwaite, 
of  Weatholme,  Oentlt-man,  now]  livting, 
the  lust  Heir  Msde  of  ye  Familye,  owneis 
of  Westholme  atove  200  years,* 

*•  Of  Ktirniird  himself,  who  was  buried 
Jan.  5,  1714,  ultitmut  mwntm,  no  monu- 
mental memorial  (says  Surte<»)  is  left. 
There  is  Bumetbing  plainly  and  coarsely 
touching  in  tbe  epitaph  eriumerutiug  tho 
yctirsi,  weeks,  and  dayi  of  his  only  cbikrs 
existence ;  soniething  speaking  even  in 
bumble  life  of  extinguiahed  hope,  and  of 
a  damp,  mildewed  feeling  of  the  total  ex- 
tinction of  the  race  of  respetitable  yeo- 
manry who  had  'been  owners  of  West* 
holme  above  200  years.' " 


66 


Tafy, 


Coirr^ponlirurr  oC  SiilUamii^  SSrbatu 


[^CofrejtpoftdenU  are  rtquiiied  to  append  thifir  Addre*ktf4^  not,  vnlf^Jt  aijreeahU,  J^ 
pubUc*ition,  but  in  order  ihai  a  coptf  of  the  GEttThSUAV's  yiAQkZJUX  oont^imit^ 
their  CommumetUiotu  ma^  he/orirarded  lo  them  J} 

CABALISTIC  LORB. 

Ma,  Ubbak, — I  beg  to  send  you  a  drawing  of  an  encaustic  tile  froui 
Glouceeter  Cathedral.  It  ie  to  be  seen  at  the  foot  of  the  pubeellia,  on  the 
eouth  side  of  where  the  hijrh  altnr  stood* 


iS>pe 


**  The  cross  of  Clii 


I  Cmt  [Christ]  me  spede  [speod]  amc  [wncii]."  = 


The  cross  is  once  written  and  twice  represented  on  this  tile.  The  ar- 
rangement IS  singular,  the  letters  on  the  first  line  being  sunk,  on  the  second 
raised,  on  the  third  ssutik,  on  the  foiirlh  and  fifth  raised.  I  conceive  tlial 
the  cross  pat^c  does  dui)*  here  as  an  abbreviation  over  **ame,"  as  a  crown 
did  frequontly  during  the  latter  half  of  the  fifleenth  century,  I  think  Iho 
date  uf  the  I  lie  may  b«  of  the  fourteenth  century.    The  light  are  the  raised 


1861.] 


A  Relic  of  the  Great  Rebellion. 


67 


portions,  the  dark  the  reTerse.     May  not  this  legend  be  considered  cabal- 
istic or  talismanic,  as  a  charm  against  the  evil  eye  or  the  like  ? 

In  connexion  with  this  subject  I  may  mention,  that  in  the  Cathedral 
library  is  a  small  book  of  fiernions  that  belonged  lo  the  old  abbey  of 
St.  Peter*8.  At  the  end,  on  a  fly-leaf,  verso  side,  is  read,  in  a  later  hand 
than  the  body  of  the  book,  a  charra  for  naan  and  beast : — 

**  Write  this  verse  bothe  for 
man  and  beaste  write 
for  a  maue  uppon  ch&m 
for  A  beaste  aj»peD. 

•!«  LeK»  4*  f^Jrtis  t|t  deninet  ■{•  q'otiioet  i^ 
write  tbi^  verse  botlie  for 
iwine  and  dogge  w^rit^* 
for  swine  upon  appelk  & 
for  doggt  app6  cbese  and 
for  a  borse  uppon  n  erugte 
of  breode  and  so  tlint  tbe 
croMM  doe  standi  right  one 
under  an  other  as  they  duo 
here, 

i|i  Tna  i{i  nsire  4*  frarc  •§•  nare  ift 
•I*  Qua  4<  rare  •{■  prare  •{*  ^^^  4*''* 
3%  20,  1861.  J.  D.T.N. 


A  KELIC  OF  THE  GREAT  REBELLION. 
M&.  Urban, — The  following  verses  were  written  either  in  Ihe  latter 
art  of  the  great  civil  war  or  during  the  Commonwealth  rule,  Tbe  former 
^^mipposition  18  the  more  probubte,  as  there  is  no  allusion  to  the  death  of  the 
King;  a  matter  which  would  scarcely  hai'e  been  parsed  over  in  silence 
had  the  poem  been  written  after  thai  event.  It  exists^  as  far  as  I  have 
been  able  to  discover,  in  but  one  copy,  which  is  in  the  British  Museum^ 
(Lutlerell  Ballads,  vol.  ii,  p.  45).  No  place,  date,  oi:  printer's  name  is 
given  J  it  wag  probably  privately  printed  and  distributed ;  at  the  lime  of  its 
issue  such  a  document  would,  if  discovered,  have  brought  all  persons  con- 
cerned into  serious  trouble.  It  is  worth  a  column  in  the  Gentlemai^'s 
[aoazike  m  a  memorial  of  the  civil  war^  and  of  the  feelings  of  the 
Episcopalians  during  a  period  of  severe  trial  and  suffering. 

I  am,  kc.  An  Antiquary* 

To  a  tortuous  and  Judicious  Lady^  who  (Jbr  (he  exercise  of  her  Devotion)  built 
a  Clf^aa,  therein  to  aecurc  the  mo§t  Sacred  Boohe  of  COMMON  Pit  A  YE R  from 
ihe  ^iew  and  moiefice  of  (he  Enemies  (hereof  (he  Sec(artes  arid  Schismattt^ues  of 
this  Kingdome,  Written  by  a  most  Orthodox,  Moderate,  and  Judiciout  Divine^ 
a  banished  Minister  of  this  miserable  Kinffdome. 

SniCE  it  hath  pleased  our  wise  and  new  born  state 
The  Common- Prayer- Book  t*  cicoinnmnicale ; 


68  Correspondence  of  Sylvanus  Urban.  [J«ly» 

To  tame  it  out  of  all,  as  if  it  were 

Some  grand  Mab'gnant  or  aome  Cavalier : 

Since  in  our  Churches  'tis  by  them  forbid 

To  say  such  prayers  as  our  Fathers  did : 

So  that  God's  House  must  now  be  call'd  no  more 

The  House  0/ Prayer,  so  ever  call'd  before : 

As  if  those  Christians  were  resolv'd  to  use 

That  House  as  bad  as  ever  did  the  Jews ; 

Since  that  of  Christ,  may  now  of  Prayer  be  said. 

It  toanU  a  place  whereon  to  lay  its  head, 

I  cannot  choose  but  think  it  was  your  care. 

To  build  your  Closet  for  distressed  Prayer ; 

"Which  here  in  mourning  clad  presents  itselfe 

Begging  some  little  comer  on  your  shelfe ; 

For  sure  'tis  banish'd  from  all  publique  view. 

There  be  none  dare  it  entertain  but  you. 

How  times  and  men  are  chang'd  1  who  would  have  thought 

T'  have  seen  the  Service  Book  thus  set  at  naught  ? 

A  book  worth  Gold,  if  rightly  understood ; 

Compos'd  by  Martyrs,  sealed  with  their  blood : 

Once  bum'd  by  Papists,  merely  for  this  cause. 

It  was  repugnant  to  their  Popish  Lawes. 

Now  by  our  Zelots  'tis  condemn'd  to  die. 

Because  (forsooth)  'tis  full  of  Popery. 

And  thus  we  see  the  Golden  meane  defy'd, 

And  how  ('twixt  two  extreames)  'tis  omcify'd. 

But  'tis  no  matter;  we  see  stranger  things : 
£ings  must  be  Subjects  now,  and  Subjects  Kings. 
The  meaner  sort  of  men  have  all  the  power. 
The  upper  end  is  now  beneath  the  lower ; 
The  head  below  the  feet ;  they'll  wear  the  Crown : 
Who  would  not  think  the  world's  tum'd  upside  down. 
Learning  must  now  give  place  to  Ignorance, 
So  must  a  Statute  to  an  Ordinance ; 
Keligion  to  Prophanenesse  and  Vainglory ; 
The  Common  Prayer-Book  to  the  Directory. 
All  things  are  out  of  order  and,  I  feare. 
Are  like  to  be  till  we  are  as  we  were : 
Till  Bishops  do  retum  to  end  the  stir 
'Twixt  th'  Independent  and  the  Presbyter. 
Till  Kings  be  Kings,  and  till  we  (wished)  see 
The  Church  enjoy  her  ancient  Liturgie. 
^   Till  Loyalty  be  had  in  more  regard. 
And  till  Rebellion  hath  its  just  reward. 

And  that  these  things  may  be  we'll  not  despaire. 

All  this  and  more  may  be  obtain'd  by  prayer. 


1861.] 


69 


"CURATOR  AGRORUM." 


Mr.  Ubbak, — I  made  tome  time  since 
a  note  on  a  panage  in  Mr.  Wright's 
book  entitled  "  The  Celt,  the  Roman,  and 
the  Saxon,"  and  sent  it  to  a  literary 
fi-iend,  who  advised  me  to  submit  it  to 
the  correspondents  of  your  Magazine. 
The  following  is  the  pasMge^  and  sub- 
joined is  the  note : — 

'*A  monumaiit  found  at  Wrozeter 
(Urieoiunm)  mentions  an  office  the  exact 
character  of  which  seems  to  be  doubtful* 
thouf^h  the  curator  agrorum,  or  agra» 
rius,  may  have  been  overseer,  or  baili^  of 
the  town-landa.  The  monument  consists 
of  a  tablet  in  three  columns,  or  compart- 
ments: that  in  the  middle  contains  an 
Inscription  to  the  officer ;  the  one  on  the 
kil  has  an  inscription  to  the  wife;  the 
other  is  blank,  and  it  has  either  been  left 
80  for  a  son,  or  has  become  erased.  The 
central  inscription  is : — 

D.  M.  To  the  Qodfl  of  the  shades, 

DXTCCT  Deucctts 

t.  T.  AM.  XT.  liTcd  flileen  (?)  yesrs. 

CTR.  Ao.  He  was  overseer  of  the  lands 

aA  TKB.  of  Trebonius.  (?) 

"  The  nimiber  of  years  is  not  perhaps 
correctly  read  from  the  stone,  which  seems 
to  be  in  a  bad  condition.  The  other  in- 
scription is : — 

n.  M.  To  the  Gods  of  the  shades, 

YLAciDA  Placida 

'  AN.  LT.  lived  fifty-five  years, 

cva.  AO.  Of  the  o? erseer  of  the  lands 

cox.  lA.  she  was  the  wife 
XXX.  thirty  years." 

I  doubt  much  if  the  above  inscriptions 
are  correctly  rendered.  I  have  not  so 
much  experience  in  matters  of  this  kind 
as  Mr.  Wright  has,  but  it  seems  to  me 
very  probable  that  the  abbreviations  otb. 
▲o.  have  been  misunderstood.  We  do  not 
know  of  any  such  office  as  that  of"  curator 
agrorum,"  neither  do  we  know  of  the  prac- 
tice in  Roman  colonies  of  appointing  lada 
of  fifteen  years  of  age  to  any  office  what- 
ever. We  ought  then  to  hesitate  before 
we  adopt  an  interpretation  based  upon 
the  existence  of  an  imaginary  function, 
especially  if  we  can  find  in  British  monu- 
ments of  the  same  era  as  those  under  con- 
dderatioD  the  key  to  the  fhll  solution  of 
our  apparent  difficulty.    The   following 

QsvT.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXI. 


inscriptions,  figured  in  Mr.  Wright's  own 
book,  will,  I  think,  answer  the  required 
purpose: — 

"dm  rvL.  ivuAMvs  "  To  the  Gods  of  the 
shadei*,  Julias  Jali- 
anus, 
MIL  LEO  n  Avo  sTxr  A  soldier  of  the  second 
legion,  the  Augus- 
tan, served 
XVIII AHMOR  XL  cighteeu  years,  aged 

forty, 
Hic  smrs  X8T  is  laid  here, 

cvKA  AQKNTS  bj  the  car» 

AXAMOA  ^  Amanda 

coMivoE.»»  his  wife."-(p.  820.) 

If  we  compare  this  inscription  with  the 
two  given  above,  we  shall  find  a  perfect 
agreement  in  the  collocation  of  the  three : 
the  position,  for  example,  of  CYB.  ao.  in 
the  former  corresponding  to  that  of  OVBA 
AOBNTB  in  the  latter.  There  can  scarcely, 
then,  be  any  doubt  but  that  OTB  Aa  is 
an  abbreviation  of  OTBA  Aai3rTB,  and  not 
of  curator  agrorum,  or  agrariut*  In  the 
central  inscription  the  last  word  BA  tbb 
is  probably  either  a  mistranscription  or  an 
original  misinscription  for  fatbb,  for  the 
Greek  P  and  the  Roman  P  being  alike,  were 
in  transliteration  frequently  ponfounded. 
The  vacant  space  between  ba  and  tbb 
would  not,  even  if  so  occurriimr  on  the 
tablet  itself,  be  any  valid  objection,  unoe 
in  many  of  our  old  and  even  modem  ex- 
amples of  letter-cutting  similar  faults  are 
met  with. 

The  abbreviations  ctb.  ao.  ba  tbb  in 
the  first  inscription  would  thus  =  eura 
agentepatre,  and  OTB.  AO.  OOir.  ia.  in  the 
second  =  ciira  agemte  eoujuge — junciu, 
where  juncta  refers  to  Placida.  I  beg  to 
obeerve  here,  for  the  sake  of  the  uninitiated, 
that  conjux  in  inscriptions  of  this  kind 
means,  according  to  the  context,  either 
huthand  or  wife.  This  tablet  then  was, 
in  my  humble  opinion,  set  up  to  com- 
memorate, by  the  inscription  in  the  central 
compartment, — a  very  suitable  place, — the 
death  of  a  son  aged  fifteen  years,  and  by 
that  on  the  left  side  that  of  a  wife,  aged 
fifty -five  years,  and  "  married  thirty."  The 
father's  name  is  omitted  in  both  inscrip- 
tions because  the  vacant  space  on  the 

K 


70 


Correspondence  of  Sylvanus  Urban. 


[July, 


right  was  to  have  that  name.  This  read- 
ing, if  correct,  will  abolish  the  office  of 
curator  a^orum,  and  eject  from  Uriconium 
not  only  Trebonius  himielf,  bat  even  hit 
UndB,  and  teach  nt  that  the  true  inter- 
pretation is  the  following : — 

No.  1. 

To  the  Ooda  of  the  shades, 

Deaocus, 

lired  fifteen  years. 


Sy  the  oare 
of  his  father. 


No.  2. 
To  the  Gods  of  the  shades, 
Placida, 
(lired)  flfty-flTe  years. 

by  the  care 

of  her  husband.  Bfairied 
thirty  years. 
It  will  be  observed  that  the  fbrnralu 
JUc  §itus  ett  is  omitted  in  the  two  inscrip- 
tions; but  this  is  by  no  means  nnosoaL 
Its  place  would  be  that  indicated  by  the 
dotted  lines. — I  am,  &c., 

J.  CfBwixn  Cbowx, 
(i^een*9  CoUege,  Oalmmf, 


DEAN  GOODWIN,  OP  CHRIST  CHURCH,  OXFORD. 


Mb.  Urbav. — Can  you  inform  me  where 
an  account  of  the  family  of  William  Good- 
win, Dean  of  Christ  Church,  Oxford, 
1611,  can  be  seen,  as  I  wish  to  ascertain 
if  l*rinco,  in  his  "Worthies  of  Devon," 
1701,  is  not  in  error,  as  he  there  states,  in 
his  "Life  of  Bishop  Prideaux,"  that  he 
married  for  his  first  wife,  Mary,  the 
daughter  of  that  celebrated  martyr  in 
Queen  Mary's  days.  Dr.  Rowland  Taylor, 
and  afler  her  death,  secondly,  Mary,  the 
daughter  of  Sir  Thoma%  Reynell,  of  West 
Ogwoll  From  a  tablet  or  brass  still  pre- 
scrviHi  in  St.  Michael's  Church,  Oxford,  it 
appears  thift  Bishop  Pridcaux's  wife  (first?) 
was  the  daughter  of  William  Goodwin,  and 
her  arms  are  on  the  brass  of  his  tomb.    I 


wish,  therefore,  to  ascertain  these  qnea- 
tions: — 

1st,  If  he  married  three  times;  if  not» 
was  hii  first  wife,  Anna  Goodwin's  mo- 
ther, the  celebrated  Dr.  Rowland  Taylor's 
daughter? 

2ndly,  If  he  had  any  duldren  by  his 
second  wife  ? 

Srdly,  Are  any  descendants  (male  or 
female)  of  him  now  living  ?  if  not»  when 
did  they  become  extinct  P 

Any  information  or  references  to  Dr. 
Rowland  Taylor's  family,  or  the  Goodwin 
fiunily,  to  clear  these  pmnts  up,  will  oblige 
Tours  truly, 

Gbobob  Pbidxaux. 

PlymouO,  June  \  1861. 


CHARGES  AT  THE 
Mr.  Urban,— Mr.  Hewitt,  at  p.  681  of 
your  last  Number,  speaks  of  the  "  present 
proliibitory  charges*'  made  by  the  College 
of  Arms.  It  is  only  an  act  of  common 
justice  to  OMturc  him  that  be  is  under  a 
miaapprohension.  I  speak  from  my  own  ex- 
perience of  the  courtesy  of  Mr.  Courthope 
when  inspecting  the  "treasures"  there, 
and  my  knowledge  that  Sir  Charles  Young 


COLLEGE  OF  ARMa 
and  the  other  heralds  have  nerer  levied  a 
fee  on  a  literary  person  who  has  frankly 
and  succinctly  explained  his  purpose,  and 
shewn  that  he  was  in  search  of  purely 
antiquarian  information.  I  confidently 
invite  your  correspondent  to  make  the 
proof  himselC    I  am,  ic^ 

MaolSNUb  £.  G.  Waloott,  M.A. 


HERALDIC  QUERY. 


Mb,  Ubbax.— To  what  family  do  the 
following  anns  belong  ? — 

**Two  lions  paftcant  counter-passant, 
within  eiffht  cresc«:nt«  in  orle ;  the  upper 
lion  to  the  dc  xter.  l>e»t :  a  pelican  in 
her  nest,  vulning,  and  feeding  her  young. 
Motto :  OvsrtI  tmlmert  tiHmt" 


They  occur  on  a  red  oom^an  seal,  (in 
the  possession  of  a  watdunaker,)  which 
would  be  valuable  to  any  member  of  the 
family  to  whom  the  armorial  bearings 
rightly  belong. 

C.J. 


ISeL]  71 


C]^£  mu^^ocik  ot  ^elbaitttij  Withnn. 


[^Ufider  this  iitle  are  coUeeted  brief  notes  of  matters  of  current  antiquarian  interest 
which  do  not  appear  to  demand  more  formal  treatment,  Stlyanus  Ubban  invites 
the  kind  co-operation  of  his  Friends,  who  may  thus  preserve  a  record  of  many  things 
that  would  otherwise  pass  away  J] 


9t.  Martin's,  Leicester. — ^Tlie  tower  of  this  church  has  now  been  taken  down 
as  far  as  the  bottom  of  the  clock  face.  That  portion  which  is  of  Norman  architec- 
ture is  found  to  be  in  a  very  dangerous  state,  the  mortar  being  quite  decayed,  and 
most  of  the  stones  readily  dislodged  by  the  hand.  Fragments  of  coffins,  corbels, 
and  other  pieces  of  carved  stone  have  been  frequently  met  with,  built  in  the  wall. 
While  taking -down  the  south-western  angle  of  the  tower,  the  workmen  discovered 
an  almost  perfect  monument,  consisting  of  an  oblong  block  of  stone,  on  which  is 
carved  the  representation  of  some  person — who,  by  his  tonsure,  is  evidently  an 
ecclesiastic — lying  in  a  coffin.  The  head  of  the  figure  lies  under  a  Gothic  canopy, 
and  the  body  is  represented  as  being  covered  by  a  coffin-lid,  on  which  is  carved 
a  cross,  surrounded  by  an  inscription  in  Lombardic  characters.  One  hand  pro- 
trudes from  under  the  lid,  and  holds  a  book  or  tablet  on  which  are  some  illegible 
letters,  but  the  feet,  which  should  be  seen  at  the  bottom  of  the  monument,  have 
been  broken  oflf.  The  carving  is  very  much  worn,  and  had  probably  been  exposed 
to  the  action  of  the  weather  before  being  built  into  the  tower,  but  the  inscription 
is  le»s  damaged,  and  will  probably  be  ere  loug  wholly  or  in  part  deciphered.  The 
date  of  the  monument  seems  to  be  the  earlier  part  of  the  thirteenth  century. 

Gheetset  Abbey. — The  site  of  the  abbey,  of  which  no  remains  exist  above 
ground,  was  sold  by  auction  recently,  and  purchased  by  Mr.  T.  R.  Bartrop,  one  of 
the  Honorary  Secretaries  of  the  Surrey  Archaeological  Society.  It  is  stated  to  be 
his  intention,  during  the  present  year,  to  have  the  grouud  thoroughly  excavated. 
In  1855  it  was  partly  examined,  and  a  splendid  set  of  encaustic  tiles  discovered, 
which  are  now  in  the  South  Kensington  Museum. 

The  Sculptured  Stone  at  Miovie. — One  of  those  interesting  monuments  of 
pre-historic  Scotland,  which  have  of  late  engaged  the  attention  of  antiquaries,  has 
just  been  discovered  in  the  old  churchyard  of  Migvie.  It  had  lain  half-buried  in 
the  ruins  of  a  burial-aisle,  unobserved,  till  Mr.  Smith,  schoolmaster,  detected  the 
carvings  on  its  partly  exposed  surface ;  he  had  it  excavated  and  exposed  to  public 
view,  and  it  now  stands  set  up  in  the  churchyard.  It  is  a  rough  block  of  ap- 
parently unhewn  granite,  standing  some  six  feet  above  the  ground,  and  sculptured 
on  both  sides.  On  one  side  is  the  conventionally  ornamented  cross,  peculiar  to 
that  class  of  sculptures,  supported  on  each  side  by  a  pair  of  the  symbolical  figures 
of,  as  yet,  unknown  meaning ;  below  these,  and  underneath  the  arms  of  the  cross, 
is  the  almost  effaced  representation  of  a  horse,  and  an  implement  like  a  p:iir  of 
spring-headed  shears.  The  other  side  of  the  stone,  which  is  very  rough  and 
nneven,  bears  the  figure  of  a  single  mounted  horseman.  We  believe  the  stone 
has  been  drawn  for  the  Spalding  Club,  and  will  form  a  plate  in  their  new  volume 
of  sculptured  stones  preparing  for  publication. — Aberdeen  Free  Press, 


72 


[July, 


HISTORICAL  AND  MISCELLANEOUS  REVIEWS. 


The  Enfflhh  Cathedral  of  the  mne- 
teenih  Centmry,  By  A.  J.  B.  Bbbxstobd 
Hope,  M.A.,  D.C.L.  With  lllastrations. 
8vo.,  282  pp.  (London:  Moiray.)— Thii 
▼olume  18  a  development  of  the  lecture 
which  Mr.  Hope  delivered  to  the  Archi- 
tectural Congress  at  Cambridge  hut  year, 
and  which  we  considered  at  the  time  more 
■enstble  and  practical  than  we  should  have 
expected,  nor  do  we  see  any  reason  to 
think  differently  of  it  in  this  more  de- 
veloped form.  The  name  of  Mr.  Beres- 
ford  Hope  is  associated  in  the  mind  of  the 
public  in  general  with  the  wild  fandcs 
and  vagaries  of  the  Cambridge  Camden 
Society  in  its  eiirly  days;  but  this  is 
really  an  ui\just  prejudice  at  the  present 
time,  and  one  to  be  regretted,  as  it  is 
a  material  drawback  to  the  utility  of 
a  r»ally  able  man.  Tvienty  years  have 
elapsed  tinoe  those  daiys,  during  which 
he  has  had  ample  time,  by  coming  in 
contact  with  the  world  of  actual  life,  to 
mould  his  opinions  into  a  more  practical 
form,  without  losing  his  active  zeal  and 
benevolence.  His  language,  however,  still 
savours  too  much  of  his  early  views,  which 
we  are  sorry  for,  as  a  great  impecRment 
to  his  power  of  doing  good. 

The  plans,  ideas,  and  suggestions  thrown 
out  in  this  work  are,  on  the  whole,  sensible, 
practical,  and  uscfiil,  agreeing,  to  a  great 
extent,  with  those  of  the  Cathedral  Com- 
missioners, and  where  different,  the  reasons 
fbr  differing  are  sound.  The  work  is  quite  as 
much  to  be  recommended  on  S(x>ial,  moral, 
and  religions  grounds,  as  on  architectural ; 
indeed,  we  should  say  more  so ;  we  should 
be  inclined  to  differ  on  some  minor  points 
of  taste  snd  history,  but  when  we  can 
eordially  approve  and  agree  in  the  main 
points  it  is  better  not  to  pick  holes  in 
details.  The  volume  is  profusely  illus- 
trated by  woodcuts  b<.^rrowed  ftom  the 
"  Ecch*fiologist**  and  from  .Mr.  Fergusson*s 
**  Handbook,"  which  grently  assist  in  mak- 
ing the  author's  architectural  views  more 
clew  and  intelUgible.    He  unfortonatelj 


adheres  to  his  prejudices  agtunst  the  Early 
English  and  the  Perpendicular  styles  of 
Gothic  architecture,  and  is  almost  as 
bigoted  as  Mr.  Ruskin  in  fiivour  of  every- 
thing foreign,  in  preference  to  those  fea- 
tures which  are  peculiarly  English.  This 
we  consider  a  matter  gpi'eatly  to  be  re- 
gretted, and  a  mistake  in  every  way,  as 
a  matter  of  history,  of  taste,  and  of  prac- 
tice. It  is  creditable  to  Mr.  Hope's 
honesty  that  while  he  still  avows  his 
dislike  to  the  genuine  Early  English  style, 
—  the  earliest  development  of  a  pure 
Gothic  style  in  Rurope,  and  which  appears 
to  us  the  natural  starting-point  for  any 
improvement  or  development  to  meet  the 
wants  of  the  age,  in  preference  to  the 
later  style  recommended  by  Mr.  Ho{>e 
under  the  absurd  and  unmeaning  name 
of"  Middle  Point*  d,"— he  still  cannot  help 
acknowledging  the  merits  of  Mr.  Rjiphael 
Brandon's  Irvingite  Church  in  Gordon- 
square.  These  matters  of  architectiind 
taste  are,  however,  quite  secondary,  nnd 
though  they  are  blemishes  likely  to  im- 
pede the  general  adoption  of  his  views, 
they  really  may  fairly  be  passed  over  as 
immateriaL  I1ie  wants  of  our  teeming 
population  are  paramount  to  eveiything 
else ;  and  the  manner  in  which  a  revival 
of  the  old  cathedral  system  may  be  made 
to  mt^t  those  wants  are  the  really  im- 
ptirtant  pnrts  of  tliis  work. 

It  is  evident  from  many  passages  that 
Mr.  Hope  really  wishes  to  be^  and  intends 
to  be,  English  and  popular  in  his  views,  and 
is  not  at  all  aware  how  moeh  his  vision 
has  been  coloured  and  his  views  distort«d 
by  his  early  training.  The  natural  frank- 
ness, honesty,  and  candour  of  his  own  mind 
will  gradually  dispel  those  mists,  as  they 
have  already  done  to  a  g^reat  extent,  and 
there  is  so  much  that  is  good  and  true  iu 
his  present  work,  that  ire  can  cordially 
recommend  its  careful  perusal.  Tliese 
few  preliminary  remarks  are  not  written 
in  any  unfriendly  spirit,  and  we  will  now 
enable  our  readert  to  judge  for  them. 


The  EnglUh  Cathedral  of  ihe  Nineteenth  Century. 


?3 


irlvǤ  by  A  few  extnicte,  ifgretting  only 
At  our  spAce  does  not  permit  ub  to  make 
thwm  more  namerous : — 

••Nod<7n*^*    'T'  "Htrli  of  what  I  bare  to 
gjiT»  I   mil  '  the  mere  fltiid^iit 

of  trai^crj    >  i  tigi  tf>  be  tntvdiing 

ont  of  the  t>'*'fml :    while  at  other  times 
1  timy  be  set  down  as  dwfllitii!  t*JO  strotmly 
kpn  techrijfjil  and  miit^rial  consideratinns 

I  by  the  professed  'fociolojjist.'     But  I  do 
ot  nrldma  tbeie  pogt^  exclusively  to  the 

chltect  oit  to  the  *odologiRt,  but  to  all 

who  fSeel  mtercfrted  in  making  up 

niiDdB,  dther  for  artistic  or  social 

^  wbethtiT  more  cathedrals  arc  rentiy 

^irant«d  for  the  religiona  adranta^*  of  the 

||tieop1«i.  urid  if  so,  how  theie  cathedmla 

OAd  best  be  provided. 

-  It  rou«t  not.  however,  be  supposed, 
r  IjetrHuse   the   point   of  view  from   which 

II  f«kc  my  sreneml  survey  stunds  mtht^r 
'^thin    the    limitd  of   the    architectural 

rgroundf  thiit  I  connidtT  this  the  more  im- 
[|Hirr«nt  aspect  of  the  matter«  aa  if  the 
I  Di^y  existed  for  the  raiment  and  not  the 
'tkinneut  for  the  body/* — (p,  3.) 

'*  Westminster  Abbey  is  a  qoast'Cathe* 
dml  of  tbi<  thirteenth,  and  St.  Paul's  an 
Actual  one  of  the  seventeenth  century, 
^Wbile  th»'  idoft  which  I  prop^^s**  to  ilevt-lope 
fli  that  of  the  English  CVitbedrul  of  the 
lliiiicteettth  Century.  In  adopting  this 
t^tlc,  I  desire  that  every  word  in  It  should 
taken  in  an  nbsalnle  iind  exclusivQ 
The  building  and  the  institution 
!  to  be  a  Cittheitral  as  disitinct  from  »nd 
iiOppoaed  to  a  parish  church  and  its  or- 

Eniaatiufi ;    they   are   to   be   English  — 
ijiih,  that  is  l>oth  nationally  and  ec- 
"  aiastically  —  as  distinct  from  and  op- 
ItoosM  to  foreign;  and,  last  but  not  lcai»t, 
\wfy  are  tt>  he  of  the  nineteenth  century, 
m  distinct  from  and  opposed  to  one  of 
any  carber  age." — (p.  5.) 

**  'Hie  remedy,  I  need  hardly  say,  I  see 

in    the    exteiiBion    of   that    co-operative 

i»"  ""^    "^hich  is  best  and   most   briefly 

I  IS  the  ciithedra!  system.     In 

:v  :  tt<*  iidoption  in  England,  such 

as  Kngk«iid  i«  in  the  present  century,  I 

mm  not  projNjsing  a  leap  in  the  dark,  or 

^fM^gf-st'tng    the   trial    of  an   experiment 

ilieu   to  thf  nntional  cliarattrr  and  the 

nt  condition  of  the  English  Church, 

|J9  true  thnt  no  new  rothednil  has  been 

in   BngUnd  or  Wales  for  the  use 

fof  our  communion  within   this  century* 

"But  in  that  great  England  l>eyond  the 

the    Hritish    Colonies,    where    the 

iChnrcb    has   had   to  constitute   it.nelf  in 

Very    jmrticnlar,    withrmt    the    muUiHal 

limotiigc  ol  being  'eftaldisbi-d/  the  ca- 


thedral system  has  been,  within  the  last 
quarter  of  a  century,  evolved  out  of  no- 
thing OS  the  foundation  of  the  great  cre- 
ative work.  The  leader,  1  should  add,  in 
the  movement,  lK>th  tn  date  and  onward* 
neiB,  was,  as  I  shall  have  occasion  to  shew, 
that  energetic  prelate,  Bishop  Dantel  Wil- 
son of  CaUnitta.'*— <pp,  19,  20.) 

"The  interual  root  of  the  cathedral  ii 
a  topic  which  will  rfH]uire  a  more  oarefnl 
cnnnidt-'ration.  I  do  not  for  one  instant 
ht'sitrtte  to  swy  thut  the  principal  roofs 
must  all  be  groined  or  coved  in  stone  or 
brick  or  wood.  Stone  is  of  course  gene- 
rally the  best*  though  Mr.  Le  Stntnge 
haB  taught  us  to  what  good  u»e  wood 
may  be  put  in  the  magnificent  legend 
which  he  is  inscribing  npon  the  now 
Cijvvd  roof  of  Ely  nave  in  lieu  of  that 
quaint  suecessino  of  rafters  with  which 
it  was  formi'rly  spanned,  Tlie  open- 
timbered  roofs  of  England  undoubtedly 
posse-8  a  pictutxisqueuess  of  their  qwo.** — 
(p.  221) 

**  Indeed,  etmnge  to  say,  a  perfectly  flat 
ceiling,  if  properly  docoriited,  like  tbi»  one 
which  has  long  exis^ted  at  Peterborough, 
aud  that  which  Mr  liurges  and  Air.  Pointer 
have  cleverly  re-ammged  at  WiUtham, 
wears  more  of  the  cnthedml  a^tct  than 
the  most  flaboriitc  open  roof  which  Nor- 
folk or  SomeraeLshire  could  produce." — 
(p.  225.) 

**  As  to  the  roof,  it  would  be  intolerablo 
to  think  of  framing  the  roof  of  a  Dew 
cathedral  with  any  other  pilch  except  a 
high  one.  But  if  taste  and  cotiveiiienco 
alike  in  onr  climate  order  the  high  pitch, 
natural  prudence  equally  enjoins  that  the 
mfety  of  the  chtirch  shall  not  be  put  out 
to  pawn  with  the  carelessness  of  the  arti- 
Eiuis  by  the  use  of  wooden  framing  when 
iron  can  be  adnptx^d.  The  roof  of  Llinrtrea 
Cathedral  was  burnt  off  ah  lut  a  qunrter 
of  a  Ct?ntui7  since,  and  the  clmrch  ituelf 
had  a  narrow  escape.  In  consequence,  the 
architect  who  anperSntonded  the  repairs 
had  the  good  Ronse  to  make  his  new  roof 
of  iron,  M,  Zwirner  is  doing  the  same  at 
Cologne;  and  I  have,  1  own,  very  httla 
sympathy  nith  the  antiquarian  ism  which 
would  venture  to  risk  the  stability  of  soch 
buildings  for  the  sake  of  seeing  a  revival 
of  those  vast  complications  of  timber* work 
wbirh  were  undoubtedly  very  clever,  but 
which  Wire  never  intended  to  be  seen,  and 
for  which  we  are  able  to  substituto  a  nm- 
terial  which  is  lighter,  more  doxible,  more 
powerful,  cheaper,  and  tijore  indestruc- 
tible."-^p.  2i« ) 

**  llie  Commission  was  perhaps  wise  in 
avoiiUng  any  proposition  to  incur  the 
double   expense  of  pbnting   the  prelate 


7i 


Mitcellaneous  Reviews. 


[JuTy. 


and  rcurinjf  the  chnrch.  But,  happily 
f  zompt  ««  I  am  from  official  obligations, 
I  dare  to  orge  the  claums  of  Liverpool, 
Bradford,  and  Birmingham,  ai  not  inferior 
to  those  of  Sonthwell  and  St.  Alhans.  The 
responsibility  of  sati^ying  those  claims  is 
not  for  me  to  falfll.  If  I  point  oat  the 
want,  and,  at  the  same  time,  cootribnte 
some  idess  towards  making  it  good,  I 
venture  to  hope  that  I  sliall  not  have 
•ubscribed  a  contemptible  contribution  to- 
wards the  woriL ;  for  in  England,  so  wealthy, 
to  energetic,  and  so  munificent  as  it  is,  the 
knowledge  of  a  want,  and  the  knowledge 
of  how  that  want  may  be  re  i^oved,  is  a 
•ore  incitement  for  aeal  and  liberality  to 
eoinc  forwani  with  the  material  remedy." 
— (p^  269.  270.) 

**lf  we  cannot,  from  political  or  other 
difficulties,  build  cathedirals  where  they 
aiv  most  wanted,  nam^y,  in  oar  large 
towns,  we  can  at  least  build  ooUegiate 
churrhea,  and  to  their  constitution  as  well 
as  their  construction  most  of  what  I  have 
been  saying  will  be  strictly  applicable, 
while  indue  time  these  may  become,  what 
they  ought  to  have  been  from  the  first, 
CMtWnOa.  Of  coarse,  when  I  talk  of 
a  collegiate  church,  I  do  not  imply  the 
neciMsity,  though  I  should  prefer  the  fsre- 
senop,  of  a  charter  or  of  an  Act  of  Par- 
fiasMSt.  St.  Peter's,  Leeds,  for  example^ 
i«f  for  an  prstftical  paT|WH«,  a  eoUegiate 
chuTV^  although  its  staff  are  denonunaud 
Tioar  and  euratet.'*— <p.  272.) 


pre  are  indebted  to  an  estevsned  Cor- 
Rispandent  at  Copenha^^vsi  for  the  ibUow- 
ing  notice  of  a  valuable  woric  that  wiU 
probably  be  new  to  moit  of  o«r  readeni.] 

SUi9'ifkM  Prorimdiiat  -  efterrgimimfier, 
Udgivne  m£  Fb,  KjcrnssXic.  Medlem  af  den 
Kgl  ApprilatS/«Rnrt  for  Hertngd^mmK 
SemjT.    (Flcnsbct^,  1S5S-1SI61.  »ro.) 

Iii;hei  by  F.  Kxnt&X3R,  MemKr  <i  the 
Kpyal  Oi«it  <f  Aitpeal  for  ti»e  Dndhy  of 
5;Wwrtg.     (^o.  Pasts  L— %!,) 

Wx  bare  km^  ben  ^^ar^Mts  t<o  bnng 
t^us  work  bnf^vei^  nrtwe  cif  ^mr  lyiadflrs. 
boi  prafttveA  wsBlang  iio  w«  wb<ftber  H 
wciud  d'tc  an  {uktIt  dflat.b  or  wocld  bncvnae 
aa  «fiteblbtbAd  arras  ffv-  the  IHnish  dudiy 
<if  Smrt^  Jutboid.  Af  h  ba»  u.-vv  reat^Mtd 
1«^  s  vSlnmr  and  s-hiiK.  and  i»  daihr  lie- 
fvmvin^  'Kf<3«r  k3ir>«nx.  the  tsaae  has  -come 
f<nr  a  «hart  nntacv  at  n»  ■ftctBient^  They 
mte  ttt  ttcmnt  vmaeA ;  and  wiulr  anDe  are 


of  little  interest  to  forragners,  others  are 
highly  important. 

The  papers  comprised  are  as  foUow  : — 

I.  (pp.  1—40),  A  notice,  short  but  bril- 
liant, by  Dr.Grimur  Thomsen,  the  Ice- 
landic scholar,  of  Professor  Allen's  masterly 
two-volume  work  on  the  History  of  the 
Danish  Language  in  this  duchy.  With 
two  coloured  langnage-maps. 

IL  (pp.  41—58,  and  voL  ii.  pp.  47— 64% 
An  historical  and  statistical  account  of 
the  great  lunatic  asylum  in  the  town  of 
Slesvig,  from  1854  to  1859,  oommimicated 
by  the  Danish  Ministry. 

IIL  (pp.  59 — 84),  An  examination,  by 
the  Rev.  J.  Koch,  of  the  plains  of  Middle 
Slesrig,  and  of  the  manners  and  custotis 
of  their  inhabitants.  His  oondusion  is, — 
"In  everything  essential,  in  everythhig 
characteristic  of  the  nationality  of  a  peo- 
ple, these  Middle-Slesvigers  entirdy  re- 
semble th«r  brethren  across  the  Eon- 
geaa  and  the  Belt, — in  (act,  have  nothing 
which  can  be  called  a  q)edal  Slesvig  pe- 
culiarity." 

IV.  (pp.  85—96;  1G9-188).  The  ad- 
ventures of  a  Flensborg  crew  in  the  Adri- 
atic and  Sakmo  in  the  year  1817. 

V.  fpp.  97—121),  A  remarkable  sta- 
tistical sketch,  by  Lanrids  Skan,  (Lord 
lieutenant.)  of  the  nnjntf  cxMnpulKny 
Common  F^  Insoranee  Company  for 
Sooth  Jutland  and  Hoktrin,  hvm  which 
the  former  duchy  has  never  yet  been  al- 
lowed to  break  loose.  In  fixir-two  years 
South  Jutland  has  paid  to  HoVre^n 
l,5diX«S4  doDars,  and  caihr  nKnved 
7,114  doQaia. 

VI.  (pp.  122—140),  DicwaBMDts  «m- 
nedcd  wiih  the  bMBzaam  in  the  ruver- 
iBtT  of  Eici  iHmanin^  ADen^s  wuri^ 

VIL  (ifi.  141-108).  Xotaoe  of  Hurxib 
Gji^iaiiiiiiii  IB  t^sxtMBOAi.  fliev«nteanh, 
synd  «ixg%it«Bit^  eeBtoriea,  liHr  t^  Con- 
rdrtn*.  C~  Msoncvs.  Cwrtsgjis  ibseiit  vary 
cioricvas  dctaik.  e>fiecsa%  as  %6  tiie  rarhr 
timefw 

VIIL  (tjv.  1<»— ISrV.  On  tiie  F^a*  al 
S^!nde^  Bramit  Mnsii.  by  Laenvir  Eiureil- 
bsrdi.  OanMrra^^nr  cfthe  Jlcnrkl  JUnstrum 
of  XcvtihcrB  A»ti^iiaf»  xd  nfudvir^. 
Whik  a  foldii^piULtie  of  illufttrulanniv. 

Wlafl  PBDnaaEB^  il<irniilaiu.unii  jck*  to 


esviff  Provincial  Tntelliffence. 


75 


iuly.  Sotitli  Brvop  »nd  the  near -Ifi tig 
I  Are  to  Scnndtnftviii.  Tho  ituiiquity 
attmbcr,  nn<i  valtie  and  lieauty  of  the 

rirticlcs  Ibund  there  jn  notuetbing  most 
extr«urdutmy,  Tliey  are  corpfully  dug  for 
St  tbtt  expeuae  of  the  province,  and  de* 
poiital  In  the  musenm  of  its  capital  city— 
Hencborg.    Oii^^ng-  to  the  f«7rtunate  cir- 

(^eumstiince  that  coins  have  been  found  side 
by  Bid©  with  the  other  reiiiainB,  it  has 
htain  pi)e«ible  to  fix  a  proximate  date  for 
lUia   wholti  class  of  objects,  namely,  tbo 

[loeotid  or  third  oenturj  after  Christ.  la 
most  instances  their  style  is  Roman,  direct 
or  indirect.  They  consist  chictly  of  «wordi*, 

I  iword-sbetithB,  axes,  knees,  shieldM,  bow^s, 

ftrrtms,  bnckles,  &e.,  of  bronze  and  wood. 
8till  something  baa  been  detected  of  iron ; 
-^  bhide-fragnient»  two  ring-brinies,  ring- 
mail  similar  in  form  to  that  of  the  thir- 
teenth century,  five  axea,  fragments  of 
bor^'-hamesB,  and  Bome  smaller  thjnga. 
Silver  also  oocon^  specially  for  ornament* 
atioD  of  twords  and  buckles.  Leathern 
bolts  have  been  found,  and  also  round  or 
wooden  bucUers,  set  and  strcngth- 

I'^ed  with  bronze  and  silver.  One  of  the 
many  central  bronze  Bbield-bosties  bears 
inscribed  upon  it  the  letters  **  ael  aeu- 
airuB,*'  and  has  thus  been  made  in  Italy, 
or  at  least  has  been  in  the  possessioii  of 
•ome  Roman  soldier  of  that  name*  An- 
other,  smaller,  bears  Old  Northern  Hnnefi, 
Qsmilly  called  Anglo-Saxon,  but  which  are 

^ccrmmon  to  the  whole  North— England 
nd   Scandinavia,—  and   are   very   much 

'  older  than  the  spedfic  Scamdinavian  Ru-> 
nic  alphnbet,  which  has  also  fewer  letters. 
n»««  iuscription  is  on  the  side  fastened  to 
the  wood*  It  has  not  before  been  read, 
ui  we  have  deciphered  it,  and  we  shall 
of  it  at  largo  on  another  occasion. 
It  is  in  the  oldest  Old- English  or  Old- 
Teat- Danish,  (which  two  dialects  about 
1,600  y«an  ago  were  almost  identical,) 
and  sioplj  atmcmnoes  the  name  of  ita 

There  U  also  a  rofund  copper  brcost- 
pUt«5,  overliyd  with  a  plate  of  silver  oroa* 
men  ted  with  nine  small  female  beads, 
type  of  the  Medusa,  and  other  decorationa. 
I^Mciid-picc^  were  also  found;  onci  a 
ncnt  of  a  helm,  of  Roman  workman- 


ship ;  another,  a  kind  of  rich  silver  coro» 
net,  is  brtrbarian.  Bitrnt  urnH,  elegant 
wood  I  n  cnpH  and  spoone^  a  couple  of 
breeks,  (breeches,)  fibula^  neckhices,  and 
rings  of  gold  J  mostly  stretched  and  cutf^r 
ring-money,  Roman  coins  from  Trajan  to 
Coinmodiis,  and  other  things,  are  wvll 
worthy  of  a  visit  to  Flciiftlwrg.  Mr.  E«- 
gelhardt  will  be  happy  to  explain  them. 
We  ourselves  have  twice  examined  them 
in  his  company.  He  speaks  English,  na 
do  several  of  his  friends.  Since  this  de- 
scription was  printed,  other  and  most 
valuable  discoveries  have  been  made,  and 
they  will  go  on  increasing  every  year. 
The  peculiar  antiseptic  and  tanning  pro- 
perties of  the  moss- water  have  preserved 
these  remains  to  a  wonderful  degree. 

IX.  (pp.  18a— 215),  On  the  attempU 
of  Germany  to  grasp  and  annex  the 
Duchy  of  Limburg,  by  Dr.  O.  Thomseu^ 

X.  (pp.  216—230),  The  Crituinal  Sta- 
tistic* of  the  Ihichy  in  1857,  by  Kit^rulf. 

XI.  (pp.  231-258,  3G5-382,and  vol. 
n.  pp.  120 — 144),  On  tbe  Influence  of 
foreign  Laws  on  the  Jurisprudence  of 
South  Jutland  down  to  the  middle  of  the 
ihiriecntb  century,  by  the  Chancery 
Councillor  C,  Juel.  This  ts  highly  inter- 
esting. The  learned  author  shews  that 
South  Jutland  bos  borrowed  nothing 
either  from  the  German,  or  the  noman* 
or  the  Canon  Lawj  but  is  independ- 
ently Scandinavian-- while  it  has  several 
most  striking  coinddenoes  and  agree- 
ments in  detull  with  the  old  legal  tra* 
dittuns  and  iutstitutes  of  Enghind,  Some 
of  tlieiie  points  are  worked  out  with  a 
master  hand. 

XII.  (pp.  259— 2S4'),  Docoraenfci  con- 
nected with  the  dialects  and  antiquities 
of  the  duchy. 

Xin.  (pp.2S5— 291),On  "The  Slesvig 
Groblet"  and  the  medal  struck  to  com- 
memorate the  Peace  of  Frederickshorgp 
July  S,  1720.     With  three  Pistes, 

XIV,  (pp.  292—326),  The  Ufe  and  ex- 
ploits  of  Kruse,  a  Flensborg  popular  hero 
in  the  last  war  against  the  Gkrmana. 
Excellently  and  feelingly  writben  by  the 
Rev.  Fr.  Graae,  and  full  of  interest. 

XV.  (pp.  327—361),  On  the  district  of 
Angle   and   its  people.      Contains  many 


76 


Miscellaneous  Reviews. 


r.T"ly. 


curious  details  respecting  this  Angle  of 
our  o'd  borne. 

t\l,  (vol  ii.  pp.  1—46),  North-Priwc 
in  its  relation  to  Danish.  By  Con-rector 
C.  Manicus.  Well  worthy  of  perusal  by 
our  philologists. 

XVII.  (pp.  65—119).  Terrier  of  the 
West  Haderslev  Bailiwick,  1690.  Valu- 
able for  local  and  personal  names  and 
olden  taxation. 

XVIII.  (pp.  146-205),  Contributions 
towards  the  phynical  history  of  the  West 
Coast  of  Slesvig.  By  C.  Fogh.  TreaU 
especially  of  storm-laws  and  the  great 
dikes. 

XIX.  (pp.  206—212).  The  wiU  and 
testament  of  Christian  the  Fif^h,  lately 
discoyered  in  the  Royal  Danish  Chrono- 
logical Collection,  Cheapinghaven.  and 
published,  at  the  King's  command,  by 
Professor  Worsaae.  We  here  see  that 
Danish  Denmark  to  the  Eider,  as  separate 
from  the  Oerman  lands,  was  two  hundred 
years  ago  firmly  insisted  on  by  the  reign- 
ing King  of  Denmark,  and  solemnly  re- 
commended to  his  successors. 

XX.  (pp.  213,  214).  The  last  census  in 
the  dochy  of  South  Jutland.  The  final 
resolU  are:-  Faoiilies,  1860,  84.072. 
Population,  1845,  365,426  ;  1855, 
895,860;  1860,409,907. 

This  ontline,  we  trust,  will  be  sufficient 
to  draw  attention  to  a  valuable  reper- 
toriBm  of  history  and  antiquities. 

Tke  Twelwe  Ckwrehet;  or,  Traeinffs 
mUmg  iheWailimg  Street.  By  the  Authoress 
of  "The  Bed  Rose."  (Rivingtons.)— This 
thin  octavo  makes  no  very  noticeable  ad- 
dition to  our  knowledge  of  Edgware,  and 
Elstnf,  and  Stanmure,  Harrow,  Hadley, 


or  Totteridffc ;  but  it  is  adorned  by  pcvoml 
very  fair  lithographs  of  these  and  some 
neighbouring  churches,  and  we  trust  it 
will  meet  a  sufficiently  favourable  recep- 
tion to  answer  tlie  end  proposed — viz.  to 
assist  the  fund  now  being  raised  for  a  new 
organ  for  the  church  of  St.  Alban*s.  the 
noblest  structure  within  the  district  which 
the  authoress  has  undertaken  to  illustrate. 


Ute  Comprehensive  Eutory  of  India, 
(Blackie  and  Co..)  is  proceeding  steadily 
and  satisfactorily  towards  its  conclusion. 
The  parts  now  before  us  embrace  the  period 
fh)m  1794  to  1819.  To  the  fulness  and  fair- 
Dcfls  of  the  narrative,  generally  speaking, 
we  have  no  exception  to  take;  but  we  think 
that  justice  is  not  done  to  the  chivalrous 
Gillespie,  in  the  account  of  the  assault  on 
Kalunga.  If  our  readers  will  turn  to  our 
own  pages  a  few  years  back**,  they  will 
probably  be  of  the  same  opinion. 


Flowering  Plants  of  Qreat  Britain, 
— ^The  Society  for  Promoting  Christian 
Knowledge  are  publishing  a  work  in 
shilling  parts,  under  this  title,  whirh  by 
its  handsome  coloured  plates  seems  well 
calculated  to  lead  many  to  pursue  the 
fascinating  study  of  botany.  The  work 
is  arranged  on  the  Natural  ^stem,  and 
the  writer  has  taken  much  pains  to  render 
each  detail  intelHgible;  and  he  has  also 
called  to  his  aid  legendary  lore  and  old 
poetic  association.  Thus  he  has  produced 
a  work  which  deserves  a  wide  pq)ularity, 
and  will  attain  it,  if  carried  out  in  the 
manner  that  it  has  been  begun. 

i»  See  **  An  Indian  Mutiny,  and  He  who  quelled 
it,"  GxiiT.  Mao.,  Nov.  1857.  p.  &37. 


18610 


77 


APPOOTMENTS,  PEEFERMENTS,  AND  PROMOTIONS. 


T%0  d^tei  ttre  thott  tyf  ike  OaxeHe  m  ipkich  the  Appointtnent  or  Meturn  appeared. 


CiTit,  Naval,  amu  Milttabt. 

Jf0jr3U  Miw  TlctoriA  Alex&ndrinA  Stuart- 
Wortlef,  to  b«  one  of  the  Maidi  of  Honour  in 
Ordiatrf  to  Her  Mftjeity,  In  the  room  of  the  Hon. 
IfJirj  BultMl,  TCftigncd. 

Jime  A.  Sir  Georgo  Grcf »  S.G.6.  (now  Qorer* 
nor  of  the  colony  of  tlie  Cape  of  Good  Hopc}f  to 
be  Ailininiatnitoir  of  the  colony  of  Nev  Zettlflnd. 

ftm/Aih  Ttujoiu  FltKger«ld  CftUAffban,  esq. 
(Ohief  Mnflftnte  of  the  colcHif  of  Hongkon§r]i 
•e  be  AdmlnUtnttor  of  the  GoTernment  of  the 
eo1oR7  of  Labuiio  during  the  absence  of  the 
Govemor. 

Henry  Amrattui  Cowper,  eaq,,  now  It.M.^s 
Soasul  Mt  Perniimbaco»  to  be  U.M/»  Conni]  at 
Porto  Etoo. 

CSeor^  Bsmucl  Lennon'Hont,  esq.,  now  H.M.'s 
Oooaal  it  Porto  Bloch  to  be  H.M/b  Connil  at 
FinwmbiioQ. 

Spefluer  Bt.Jobn,  esq.,  now  H.M/a  Coniul- 
)  OeMTftl  to  tbe  ItLand  of  Borneo,  to  be  H.M.'s 
fSeiUQl^enerftl  to  the  Republic  of  UivytL 

Mr.  George  Wortmann,  upprovfid  of  on  Conffol 
»t  Olbraikar  for  H.R.IL  the   Grtmd  Duke  of 

Jumg  y*  G«orgf  Benvcnuto  Malhew,  esq.,  now 

Becretiry  to  H.M.'a  legation  to  the  Mexican 

BcpiOblle,  to  bo  H.M/e  Chargi  d* Affaires  and 

I  OooMil-Oencral  to  the  Repabtie  of  OuAtemahii 

{ jnaanifun,  Ooati  Rica,  Hondnru,  and  Salvador. 

ScacKr  Maorkki  Moeatto,  approved  of  o-t  Consul 
•t  JJttwr^fKil  for  the  Republic  of  the  Equator. 

Jwm4  11,  Robert  t^tuart^esq.,  nowBritiKbTJce* 
06aan\  tU  Voio,  to  he  H.M.'k  Connil  in  Albania. 

Jmne  H.    The  Most  NoUc  Edward  Adotphos, 


Duke  of  SomcrMt ;  Rear-Admlral  tbe  Hon,  Sir 
Frederick  William  Grey^  KX.B.  *,  Capt,  Chorlea 
Eden,  C.B.,  Copt.  Charles  Frederick,  Capt,  the 
Hon.  JaH,  Robert  Drommond,  C.R*,  and  Bamuel 
Wbitbread*  e«q,,  to  1>e  H.M.'a  CommiasioneTa 
for  executing  tlie  office  of  Lord  Higb  Admtrul 
of  the  United  KLngdom  of  Gre&t  Britain  and 
Ireland. 

June  la.  Lord  DafTerin  and  Claneboye,  tbe 
British  Member  ol  the  late  European  CommiBMnn 
in  Ryria,  to  be  an  OnUuary  Member  of  the  OtU 
Diriflioa  of  the  Second  C1af»,  or  Knlgbta  Com- 
mander«,  of  the  Mont  Hon.  O^ler  of  the  Bath. 

William  Swan  Field,  esq,,  to  be  Collector  of 
Customs,  Principal  Controller  of  H.M.'sCuiitonia 
and  NaTi(ration  Laws,  and  Rogi^trar  of  Shipping 
for  the  colony  of  the  Ctipe  of  Good  Hope. 

FranclB  Bertrand  pinney  to  be  Sub-CoUcelor 
and  Controller  of  H.M/s  Customs  and  Naviga- 
tion LuwH,  and  Registrar  of  tibipping  at  Port 
EUstabetli,  Cape  of  Good  Hope, 

Thomas  C»  Taylor,  esq-»  to  be  H,M/t  Tice- 
Consul  at  Abbcokuta< 

Mr.  Edwd.  Lcaren worth,  approTOd  of  oa Consul 
at  Sydney,  New  Sooth  Wales,  for  the  United 
States  of  America. 

The  Commnndcr  Joan  Clemen te  do  Las  CasaS| 
approved  of  as  Consul  at  Lirerpool  for  the  Re- 
public of  Venezuela. 

MsHBift  »»rt?»xMn  to  wsti  m  Pahuamktt. 
Mnff  51.    Cotintf^  o/ FHH(,-~Thc  Hon,  Eichfttd 
De  Aquila  Grosvenor,  in  the  room  of  the  lion. 
Ttios.  Edward  Mostyn  Lloyd  Moetyn,  dccMued. 


BIRTHS. 


1 


Mmreh  Id.  At  Boreflly,  Tndia,  the  wife  of  Capt 
:  If onloeh  MoLeod,  '12nd  Royctl  Oighlandera,  a 

n  sad  heir. 

Aprd%,  At  Champ  de  Mars,  Mauritius,  the 
Wife  of  Dr.  Gordon,  C.B..  Deputy-Inspcctor-Gen. 
of  IIospiuK  *  dan. 

Mny  1.  At  Meerut,  the  wite  of  the  Rct,  W. 
Bornr  Coleo,  s  son. 

Jfey  11.  At  BorbadoA,  the  wife  of  O.  Graham, 
f«R.,  I«t  B«tt.  21«t  FtisiJiers,  a  Mm. 

Maf  }7.  At  Bnmghton  Grongei  the  wife  of 
Varifiediike  TaTasour,  esq.,  a  boo. 

jr«y  2t,  At  Stockholm,  the  wife  of  Edwin  Cor- 
kett,  esq.,  ILB.M/s  SecreUrj-of  Legation,  a  son. 

JT^ir  33.  At  Quaea'a-gate-ganiens,  South  Kca- 
QjEMT.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXL 


tlngton,  the  wife  of  M.  E.  Grant  Duff,  esq.,  M.P.i 
a  son. 

At  C(t  non-house,  Wingham,  the  wife  of  Cbartea 
John  Plumptre,  eaq.,  a  dau. 

At  Cfctterlck-hall,  Withington,  the  wile  of 
WUliara  SUngsby,  eiMi,,  a  diiu. 

At  Circneetter,  tlie  v  ife  of  Professor  Buckman, 
a  dflu. 

At  En  ye,  near  Penryn,  the  wife  of  Lieut. 
Henry  Rogers,  a  poo. 

May  2i.  At  SUr-bill,  Rocboeter,  the  wife  of 
Lleut.*CoL  Stewart,  2nd  Depot  BatUlioa,  a  eon. 

At  Kew,  the  wife  of  Mujor  A.  Martin,  com- 
mondiag  H.U/a  &3rd  Bengia  KaUve  lofontxy,  % 
dau. 


3irths. 


tJn'y. 


At  "Biom^dSlt  Tiorking,  iht  wif«  of  the  B#t«  W. 
B.  Jgjw,  •  ten. 

May  35.  At  Famhun-pftrBonair^,  Sulfolk*  the 
wUbofthe  EcT.  F.  A.  Johnson,  a  dan. 

At  Fenoof ,  «>.  Cork,  the  wife  of  Cipt  Thoi*- 
tOD,  ISth  liifbt  Tnfantiy,  «  foa. 

At  Bri^t  CnmberUiu!,  tlio  wife  of  tbe  R«t<. 
John  W.  W.  Pease  J,  ft  dfto. 

At  CUftou,  the  wife  of  Otpt.  Alan  Gardner, 

la  Leinvter-temwe,  the  vife  ol  the  Eer,  J,  B. 
WhitiBf,  M Ji.,  a  dfto. 

At  Sotttbend,  Bmx,  tbe  vUie  of  Lteat  -Cot.  W. 
B.  AltkwB*  Bombar  Artillery,  «  mm, 

Jr«yi6.  At  Tonghun,  Surrey,  tbe  wife  of  Copt 
HAtry  M  ftnhoU,  OCh  Boyal  I^mecti,  a  dun* 

Ifof  S7.  At  Eraaeaster  Eectorji  tbe wUbof  tlie 
Eer.  O.  Sadler,  a  son. 

At  Pnrkhonit^  lale  of  Wlfrht,  the  wife  of  Capt 
W.  C,  Jii*tiec«  5  th  Depot  Battalioo,  twin  daua. 

AtMamhnll  Hectorf,  Donet,  the  wile  of  the 
BtT*  Bobcn  Bmee  Kemiard,  a  dan. 

The  wife  ol  GapL  Barley,  8rd  Wcit  ludia  Begt., 
■  dan. 

At  Sootlisert  Rcetory,  Korfolk,  the  irife  of  the 
BeT.  Jolm  Foontaliie,  a  aoa. 

M»]f  S8.  In  Eaathoanie'terraee,  the  wife  of 
CKpL  Maiiiiidale,  Soyal  Enfrineen,  a  ton. 

At  Lordlnftoo,  the  wife  of  C»pt  Geoffrey 
Pbipiw  Hornby,  «  dau. 

At  the  Worce^er  Dfoeeau  TraiiiiiLg  C^!e««, 
Saliley,  sear  Btrmlag-ham,  &g  wife  of  the  Bev. 
WOUam  Gover,  a  daa. 

At  WOaenlowe^  Derhy,  Mra.  J.  L.  Davenport, 
sioii. 

At  DftTtrord  T!cara|re,  Kent,  the  wife  of  the 
Ber.  George  John  Bloinfleld,  twin  daoa. 

jr«yS9.  At  the  Britialk  Lesation,  Oarisrohe, 
Ike  Bon.  Mrs.  Eden,  i  «M. 

At  Bo«logne-e«r-Mer.  the  wife  of  Beai'-Adm. 
BatSkOTD,  a  aon. 

In  Smth  wick -place,  Hyde-|iark,  Un.  Henry 
Hyateu  Kennedy,  a  dao. 

At  WlndmiU-hm,  Stuaejc^  the  wife  of  H,  M. 
CoTtela,  ewi.,  a  dan. 

At  Oxford,  the  wtfe  of  the  Ber,  Walter  Wad- 
dlngtoa  Shirley,  a  dan. 

At  Hefadon,  BrroDahlre,  the  wife  of  the  Rot, 
Walter  Bnlkiek,  of  Hefnidon,  and  Faulkboum- 
bnU,  FnewT,  a  bob  and  heir, 

JfaySO.  At  lUuidolph-houee,  the  Hon.  Mra. 
aeiOD,  a  dan. 

At  ILaiitie>Til]e,  Ooemaoy,  the  mitt  of  the  Rev. 
BaTfUaiid  De  BaonnaraSf  Better  of  BC.  PettT'e, 
HertlMtaptea,  a  aon. 

At  Qoeen^e-tcmee,  Sovtkaitt,  1^  wilieof  Lfent. 
&  P.  Towneeid,  B.N.,  of  Btrll^e«ty*i  yaoht, 
nam). 

At  DemiMi-hoiue,  Oxfordattlre,  the  wife  of  the 
Ber.  Walter  6nej4T<  e  dan* 

At  Nfwfhnrph,  1«lc  of  Wlirtit,  the  wife  of  the 
Ber.  Alfred  Cooper,  U,A.,  a  dan. 

ATrry  M,  Ai  r^'ii  r  n^.liJc*.  CmlfnDAehSi,  the 
Hi"  iin. 

A  h^m^  TorkAhire,  the 

vlte  nr  crvcwi ;]  \> .  tiojr  ic^  et>q.,  F,Q.ILS.,  a  aon 
•adh«lc. 


At  SoQthaea,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Bow«f ,  Boynl 
Nery,  a  dnn. 

At  8LJamea'»,  Hampetiead-rMid,  the  wife  of 
the  Rer.  J.  P.  Waldo,  a  dan. 

In  ForcheKter^.,  Hyde-park,  (the  TeeldiiiM  of 
ber  fkther,  E.  T.  Hooper,  eaq.,  JLV^)  the  wife  of 
the  BeT.  F.  J.  RawUna,  a  aofi. 

At  Bladcheatli,  the  wife  of  Capt.  B,  MUIar,  of 
the  Military  Tnxin»  a  dau. 

At  Cnthorpe  llMtory.  Leiceetsnihlrow  ttie  wifb 
of  the  BeT.  H.  HarpCT,  a  eon. 

JvHf  1.  At  OrerbnTy-Conrt.  Woroeatenblre^ 
the  LAdy  CAtberino  Berkeley,  a  dan. 

At  Bowling,  the  wife  of  N.  Ungbee  D*Aetli» 
esq.,  a  hod. 

In  Charlton-toad.  Malda-Tole,  the  wllb  of 
Capt.  C.  W,  Moore,  3Td  M.  E.  BegU,  a  ion. 

At  Tnnitead  \1carag«,  Honrkb,  the  wlCi  Of 
the  RcT,  Herb^Tt  S,  While,  a  aon. 

Jvn*  3.  At  Edinbnrf b,  the  wile  of  CoL  B*  F» 
Crawford,  Royal  ArtiUery,  a  aon. 

In  Cbeaham-plaise,  the  wlfb  of  Georfe  Dongtaa 
Pennant,  e«q.,  a  dan. 

At  Cbiswiek,  Qabrietle,  VIoomte»e  de  Torre 
Bella,  wife  of  Bmad  Manaen  Oordon,  caq^ 
a  dan. 

At  Branntton,  Nortbamptonahfre,  thewifoof 
LieQt.-CoL  Lownde«,  a  dan. 

In  Vemon-pUce,  the  wife  of  Geo.  F.  AaaeU. 
CM}.,  of  the  Royal  Mint,  e«q.,  a  dan. 

In  Norfolk-et,,  Park-lane,  the  wife  of  Cnpt, 
Artbnr  dimming,  R.K.,  of  H.M.8.  **  Kmenld,** 
ndau. 

jHn4t  3.  At  Banatead,  Surrey,  the  wife  of  Col. 
Lysona,  C,B.,  a  »on. 

The  wife  Of  M^Jor  L.  Hook,  Oeyloo  Bifle  BegU, 
adan> 

Ai  Melk^iaiB,  WUtahire,  the  wife  of  Oapi.  O. 
A.  F.  Hervey,  a  eon. 

At  81.  John'a  Parwonapc,  Woktng,  the  Wifc  «if 
the  ReT.  Charles  Marion,  a  don. 

Juar  4.  In  Charlee^treei,  Derkeley-eq.,  Mnu 
George  Cavcndioh  Bentlnok,  a  dan. 

At  St.  John'ft-wood,  tbe  wife  of  Oipt.  Anaoa, 
B.N.,  a  dan. 

At  Kidlingto&,;Oxan,  the  wits  of  the  Ber.  T. 
Whitehead,  a  son. 

At  her  fa(hor*a  mldenoe,  I^ampoirl  Beeiory, 
the  wife  of  UeaL-iGol.  Longden,  Royal  ArtJUery« 
a  dan. 

At  Holywell,  eo.  SUgo,  Mr*.  C.  H,  Olwsyi 
a  iOD. 

At  PittTUle-hooee,  Cbeltenhaxn,  tbe  wtfe  of 
William  Fraser  MeUooell,  esq.,  YX>,  Bcflgnl 
Qvil  Service,  a  dan. 

At  Bntlaad-gate,  Mn.  Charles  Webster,  n  eon 
andbeir^ 

Jmv  ft.  At  Aotmt  Rectory,  tbe  wife  of  tbe  Rev. 
Bdwiurtl  F^rry,  a  son. 

At  ninton-lodfre,  Huivt,  tbe  wlf^  of  Llent.  Gi 
W,  Oiegorie,  R»K.,  a  mm. 

At  the  Reetorr,  LiiUe  Glemham,  Sntolk,  the 
mitt  of  tbe  Rer.  VL  H.  K^t.  a  d«u. 

At  Iupwortb  Rectory,  the  wife  of  the  Btr. 
Arandell  St.  John  MUdmav,  a  dan, 

JuM*  Cu  M  A«ti-1i»U,  GlaraorgnaabSfVi  tbe  wilb 
of  IJamUtoa  BoilUe,  ee^.,  a  e«u 


1861.] 


Births. — Marriages^ 


At  tfalw  Vleifag«,  Tiiusloo,  the  vifs  of  the 
Kpv.  R.  Twyford  MlUs,  a  son. 

/mmt  7.  At  Aadlnjrton-^..  Sent,  the  wifo  of 
J.  Wtag&tld  gtntlard,  Mq.,  n  mo. 

Is  GercUnd-cq.,  Hrcl«-parl(,  the  wifo  of  Wm. 
IL  Brodhtmt,  c«i.,  ficngal  CiTil  Strricc,  a  daa. 

Jun€  8.  Ib  Glouoester-tcirace^  Ilydc-pork- 
VVdcni,  Itie  wife  of  HqtII  Story-Mukcljiie,  esq,, 

AtGf«At  Mlnakd«&  Al»bef ,  Mrs.  G.  CarrixigtoDf 
»iofi. 

In  aArendaQ'Pu^eiu,  MaidA-MU,  tb«  wife  of 
tli»  E«T.  H.  O.  nendervQiii  a  son. 

Al  tittle  Addlnftom  Kortlmmptoiuihira,  the 
wU^  of  tll9  EcT.  Adolphos  Doodle,  a  dau. 

JUHf  9.  At  SU  Jobu'B-wood,  the  wife  of  Major 
B»  G.  Xsw  ranee,  G.B,,  HLUtary  Secretary  tu  Iho 
Puajatib  Government,  a  d«a« 

At  tilt  Hall,  Wem,  &dop,  the  wife  of  Henry 
Corbctt^  c*<i.,  a  dau. 

At  Wi^ilwicb,  the  wife  of  Joinct  Salinon.  c«q., 
R.N.,  Deputj-lnKpcctur-Gcncrftl  of  Uottpitiiia  &t 
Woolwich,  A  dAQ. 

•/'Mfiff  10.  At  St  L(»onArd*t*aoart,  Gloneestw, 
(lllarQitdeboe  of  her  father,  tlic  Hon.  J.H.Knox,} 
Kh«  CSotmlett  Zepp«Un,  «  dwi. 

At  fleaford,  StiMex,  the  wife  of  Francia  Ricbard 
Totbel,  esq.,  J.P,,  a  datt. 

At  Cktvertoo,  Bock*,  the  wife  of  the  Ber*  T. 
K.  J.  Lauflrharne,  a  dotu. 

At  Cb»thAm»  the  wife  of  Mi^ or  Cbaj-lefl  Elg«e, 

BSOB. 

■TiNM  U.  At  Glenmora,  the  Hon.  Urs.  Style, 
A  son. 

At  Eton  College,  the  wife  of  the  BeY.  George 
Bichard  Dnpula,  a  poa. 

In  Norfolk-ereietiDt,  the  wife  of  Pabooo  Da 
Pre  Ormfelti  eeq.i  a  eon. 

The  wife  of  Capt.  Ocorgt  Towew  Hillianl, 
J^th  RcKt.  Madrae  N.I.,  a  dau. 

At  Brighion,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  John  Or- 
mond,  Vkor  of  Great  Kitnblu,  n  oon. 

June  U.  At  fieetton-hall,  l<orfolk,  Lady  Pres- 
ton, a  kuu 


At  Brooniwood,  Surrey,  (the  reddenee  of  her 
father,  Sir  Cha».  Forbct,  bart,,  of  Ncwe.)  Ijidy 
Forbe*,  the  wife  of  Sir  Wm*  Forbes,  hart*,  of 
Fin  tray  and  Crai^'ievar,  a  dau. 

At  Southampton,  the  vrifo  of  the  Rev,  Trajion 
Foller,  ChalTington  Itcctory,  SuMex,  a  ion. 

June  13.  At  Birr  Barracks,  Ireland,  tho  Hon* 
Mn.  Somerset  Ward,  a  dan. 

In  Che»ter-st.i  BelgTAii^e-fiq.»  the  wife  of  J.  R. 
Homrraj,  esq,,  PenllTn-eastlOf  GLuuuri^QJiahijrei 
A  Aon  ani]  heir. 

In  Dnke-iitt.,  Manchester>*q.,  the  wife  of  John 
Walter  Bhercr,  cnq.,  Bengra!  Civil  Service^  a  boh,. 

June  14.  At  l^rinoea-g^utc,  the  Lady  Ulrioa 
Thyime,  a  son. 

At  Eton  Colleg«,  the  wife  of  the  Rov.  John 
Eyre  Tonge,  a  dan. 

In  Upper  Berkcley-«t,  W.,  the  wife  of  M.  C. 
Uvrttina  Swabey,  c«q,,  D.C.L.,  a  Mm, 

At  Blackheatbr  the  wife  of  Capt.  G.  A.  ttolatcd, 
R.N.,  a  Aon. 

At  the  residenee  of  hi»  father,  {J.  H.  Crawford, 
tfq.,  Brighton,)  the  wife  of  J«  A.  Crawford,  esq.i 
Bengal  ClvO  Serrfeet  •  ^^- 

June  15.  At  Co«#rrove-prtory,  Northomptoa- 
ahiie,  the  wife  of  FraneiH  Thurshy,  eaq.,  a  ma. 

In  Hereford-rottd-Dortb,  Westboamc-frrovc, 
the  wife  ot  the  Rev,  A,  Seaton,  Rector  of  Oilton, 
a  dun. 

Jnne  10.  In  Eaton-«q.,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Moiityn, 
A  son. 

June  IT.  At  Bedforda,  Bioex,  the  Hon.  Mra. 
H.  W.  PetrekAMon. 

At  Sydenham,  the  wtfe  of  Oeoirge  B,  WataoQ* 
Major  Bengal  Enginccn,  ii  dau, 

jMHt  IB.  At  Scdiceford  Vicarage,  King's  Lynn» 
Norfolk,  the  wife  of  the  Bev^  J .  Ambrose  Ogle, 
A  son. 

In  Princc's-terr.,  S,W,,  the  wife  of  the  ReT» 
Edward  Lnwson,  of  LongMrst'^hall,  Northomber- 
land,  a  dau. 

Jnnt  19.  The  wife  of  tbe  Rev.  Edward  ManA* 
field*  of  Highom,  near  iiloaccsler,  a  &on. 


MARRIAGES. 


March  2S.  At  Williainatown,  Victoria,  Austra- 
lia, the  Hon.  George  Fredorle  Verdon,  M.L.A., 
Colonial  Treasurer,  to  Annie,  swKxnd  dan.  of  John 
AmstRNif,  esq,,  aoUdior,  of  Melbonine. 

Jf«wA  M.  At  ShAnghai,  CbiaA,  Charles  Trea- 
mat  JoiM^  iaq.,  Q.lL's  Acting  Ylce-Coxunl  at 
ttiaglial,  to  ialinA  Fanny  Johmton. 

AptU  4.  At  Uoradabad,  WUIIaih  Dlnwiddie 
Hogf,  D,-A,-C.-Gcueral,  Lieut.  H,M.'a  Indian 
Anny,  to  Emily,  eldest  dan.  of  the  Rev,  T.  W. 
BliAW,  Chapbdn. 

At  at.  Kilda,  MolbonniA,  Yiotoria,  AustralU, 
the  Hon.  John  R.  Bailey,  late  Oommisiionor  of 
Trade  and  Customs,  and  foatinASler-Gen.  of  Uie 
LXilony,  to  Jane,  third  dan.  of  WUliam  Bidnaford, 
c«].,  of  WlLley,  Surrey. 

ji|>/t/  9.   Al  S>i]iiott*s-bay,  Cspe  of  Good  Hope, 


CapU  Algernon  F.  R.  do  Ilorwy,  of  H.M.R* 
**■  Brisk/'  to  Caroline  Aiigusta,only  dan^of  Capt. 
Andrew  Drew,  R.N. 

April  10.  At  Calcutta,  John  P.  Wysc,  Lieut. 
H.M.'e  »4th  Kegt.,  to  the  only  dau,  of  the  kto 
Bcv,  Arthur  Oiialow, 

Aprii  10.  At  Ahmed  abad,  Arthur  Boaanqnet, 
esq.,  Bombay  Civil  Service,  eldent  son  of  A.  II* 
Boaanquei,  esq,,  0«ilge,  Herts,  to  iMibella  Ma- 
tilda, eldest  dau.  of  Major  A,  Crawford,  Asiia* 
tant^AdjutAnt-Gen ,  N.D.  of  the  BombAy  Army. 

Jtprii  Ifi.  At  Agra,  Fltxroy  Stephen,  seq.,  3rd 
Battalion  Rifle  Brigade,  to  Ftanees  Harriet, 
second  dau,  of  Charles  Kane  Sivewrlght,  eaq.« 
Burntiiilancl,  Flf{.>FibLre. 

Jf  rty  1 .  At  tbe  Cathcdml,  Bombay,  Morrke  Kin  f 
Msn,  i»sq.,  of  Hilslead,  Kent,  and  of  tbe  Gown* 


80 


Marriages, 


roent  Telegraphie  Beptrtiocfit,  Tndorr,  to  X&ne 
Smiurt,  tceond  dAtt.  of  the  lAte  If ajor  Jaj&m  W. 
H.  Walch,  of  H.M.»»  Mth  RegU 

ITfjy  21.  The  Rer.  Cbaa*  W.  Btmeit  Cltite^ 
M.A*,  Inettmbcnt  of  Fenn^  Stratford,  to  Miry, 
third  ilau.  of  the  Aer.  Tbonut  Fjm  WilUaBtMNSy 
JatQifibt^t  of  LitUe  Briekhill,  Backs. 

At  Limpoe.  Kent.  Edwtrd  John  BrtMoc,  caq^ 
H.M/t  14th  Befft.,  only  toaiof  Jm.  BilMne, Mq,, 
BoMe*hoQio,  ToilaiDore,  to  EntAa  Boph^ 
yoanfrcr  datL  of  the  EeT«  Edwin  Bina,  Tlctr  off 
the  parish. 

At  Miirtham,  KorfoOc,  Tbootu  N.  Yxmmt^m, 
«M|..  of  iTbrt&t  Chtirch-pult,  Ipswich,  to  Bl>ach« 
Editho,  j-aim^cst  dau.  of  the  Bev.  Oeorge  Pesna^ 
yibOiT  of  Martham. 

If  ay  23.  At  EDfleld,  the  Err.  CUadt  Bohb- 
-qaet,  Incumbent  of  St.  OByth,  Eaeex,  •eeond  loa 
of  Samuel  Bo»nqact,  «8q.»  of  DfafMtav-eacirt, 
Monmootli.  to  Amelia  ELeimor,  yoongwt  dao.  of 
Capt.  C.  1.  BotAHquet,  R.N.,  of  Wildwood,  En- 
fltkL 

At  Biiry,  Luteulhire,  Halcf  WUkie,  esq^  Cipt, 
H.M.*a  29th  Eegt.,  etdeH  «ni  of  E.  C  Halea 
ivnkie,  Mq,,  of  Chiitotl-ooort,  Kent,  to  Eleanor, 
youngf  St  dao.  of  Wbu  Walker,  esq.,  of  Lairk-hlUf 
near  Bory,  Lancaahtre,  and  of  Sununerfleld, 
Itowdn,  ChCBhire. 

WiUiani  Lucas,  esq,,  Depntj-lnapeetor-Oen. 
"or  HoffpitalB,  to  MargMWt,  dan,  of  Robert  Kerr« 
eaq[^  of  Crinkitoa-ball,  Ooran,  Glasgow. 

May  33.  At  StunftMrd-hOl,  J.  C.  Iamb,  eaq.,  of 
Eyton-hoqje,  oo*  Dnrham,  to  Iiabella  Aodenon* 
weood  dan.  of  the  late  P,  Hatchiaan,  caq,, 
H.E.I.C.5.,  aad  niece  to  the  lole  Col.  eir  Alex. 
Anderson,  EX.B, 

At  Holy  THnltyt  Upper  Chelaea,  the  B«f>. 
EeynoIdA  Hole,  Yicar  of  CaQnton^  Xotti,  to 
Catoline,  eldest  dan.  of  the  late  John  Fkaacklbi, 
esq.,  of  Gonalitoiu 

Jfoy  tl.  At  St.  MargaretX  WMtmliutir,  tbt 
)Ut.  Frederick  Jamea  Ahbot,  ChapUtn  to  the 
Fiorcea,  to  Harriett,  only  datu  of  WQIUm  B<^crf  , 
t«q^Jito^,olJainei-atreet,  Bnrkhiyhawi-tato^  nd 
Df&blgh-honae,  Haalcnere. 

Jfoyta.  AtAUSatnta*,  PaddlagtofB, fhft B«r. 
Thoxapflon  FhiUipt,  M.A.,  Incumbent  of  Holme 
Edrn,  nc&r  Carlialc,  to  EUjea  Catherine,  feoaod 
Anxi,  of  Gtm.  Sir  James  Wallace  Sieigh,  K.C.B*« 
Cot.  of  the  0th  Lancera. 

At  Bri^rhton,  nurleaEdmnnd  Webber,  e#q^  of 
tai  Ccrpe  of  Boyil  EaglBeer«,  to  the  Hon.  Alice 
Aogqata  Gertrude  Bn&bitry-Tney,  Ibttrth  d«L 
ofLordSiideley. 

Al  Credtlon,  the  Ber.  Saekrille  George  Greos- 
v«m  InrBBihewt  oT  9t.  Loke^a,  ppahnry,  Devon, 
to  Snsh  AflMb  yovigMit  dci.  of  the  kte  /oho 
Sove  BWBCti,  caq.,  of  fiandwiIL,  Tkiwviu 

JTsf  39.  At  Delamerw,  Ch««hlre,  the  MJrr*  Renry 
llartyn  Sanders,  H.A.,  IncnmbeBt  of  Skldby, 
Tertcahire,  to  fOlsA  Ann.  eldcM  daa.  of  the  Ber, 
W«  Dtrwla  PM.  Baetor  of  Dtlonere,  %w\  frauds 
dan.  of  the  lato  Mr  fUehard  rietotur.  hart.,  li^C 

At  ftolterdacii,  f  Wrw  Chailea  Jssui.  aaaond  son 
ef  P*  T.  M,  Phbthry,  aaq^of  ftoCtacrdaill,  to  Ctlcil 
Tovtsir,  dan,  of  the  late  Sir  7.  U,  Tutef,hift. 

At  Kfsby,  Eosn  Utfli,  m|.,  to  BIkttMta 


Jane,  dan*  of  the  tiit  T.  EA 

and  gnaddan,  of  tJie  Into  M^armau  1 

OB. 

Jfey  aa  At  Ktoneriey,  the  To 
Wetr  White,  Arehdeaeoa   of 
to  Emily  Katheriae,  ddaM  dan.  o#  iht  teto  ] 
EkhJUda,  eaq^  of  Chaajitoth.  Mt 
fonneriy  member  of  PailiaaBeBt  lor  d 

At  thft  Cathedral,  Eipon,  the  Eer. . 
ealf^  Inenmbent  of  Kkypanley,  t 
Anne  EmQy  Qoode,  dao.  of  tbt  Very  Be«.  Ite 
Deanof  Eipon. 

At  Paria,  EnR^oe  de  CaatiDoBdc  BaUfMCM^ 
of  the  Imperial  Onard,  secvod  son  of  ite  tai* 
Bttron  De  Cantillan  d«  BaUyhifme,  to  Omm^Mk^ 
only  dan.  of  the  late  Adolphos  Cbttiii  If  atny  ^si 
Lady  Murray,  of  Aideti^y.bary,  Ilfirfiln<hftlnL 

Jmu  1.  At  Acton,  Frederick,  sen  of  i^  Inio 
Wm.  Hedfer,  caq.,  of  Southwark,  Swrey,  Iim^» 
tieut.  of  the  eo.,  to  Eikn  Marin,  yoo^v  As.  off 
the  Into  Ear.  Jamea  Dumo,  K^A.,  riM|.|^  ^ 
the  Boyal  Hospiul,  Haalar. 

At  Market  Easen,  lineolnahire,  Aftknr  Edw, 
Tumour,  caq.,  M.D.,  of  Denbigh*  Korth  Wales, 
son  of  the  late  Hon.  and  Eer.  Adolphos  Angnatoa 
Tamoor,  to  Prsaeea  Hdcn,  yoongest  dam.  Of  tho 
late  Hon.  and  Ear.  Edward  John  Tnmoar. 

At  HoTe,  Soasex,  Capl.  Dalby,  Boyal  Moteoi 
Ii.1.,  to  Belea  Lyttleton,  dau,  of  J.  E  Basatttp 
esq.,  of  Bmnawick-^i.,  BrlghCcai. 

At  Weadcn,  BaflTon  Waldeo,  the  Ber.  Chaxlea 
Baker  Hnalawood,  MJk.,  ehaplntai  E^%,  tUDov 
of  Durham  CTntveedty,  toSttaatath  AMna,  iUmI 
dan.  of  the  late  Gapt.  Eodney  Shmuum,  RJf. 

J\ma  4.  At  How  Chple,  Herefordshire.  Bc»- 
phrey  Fraoda  Mildmay,  esq.,  M^.,  to  &; belli 
Harriet,  dan.  of  George  CBTe,  eaq.,  M  J>. 

At  Ingateatone,  Thos.  J.  Eyra,  eiq.,  of  Uppers 
eonrt,  co.  KDkeiuiy.  to  the  Lady  Milted. 

At  St  Mary'*,  Woolwich,  O.  Kap^  Taylor, 
•aq.,  Cairt.  E.A.,  to  Adela,  you9g«it  dott.  of  Gen. 
Coryton. 

At  Holy  Trinity,  Brompton,  A.  PoOoHc,  mm 
of  Jaa.  Hrnry,  esq.,  H.D.,  Prmifham  hiniit 
Scaeombe,  Liverpool,  to  Sarah  Hdcan,  tea.  «f 
the  late  Major-Gtii.    Rcody,  lianacrtp  HsiL 
Govemor  of  the  Isle  of  Man. 

At  Kirkleatham,  Torkshlre,  the  Eer.  Heaiy 
Smith,  Yicar  of  Eaaton  Maodit,  Northampton- 
ahire,  aon  of  the  Into  Ber.  Dr.  Simith^  Driui  of 
Chrlsl  Gh«eh«  Oxfbrd,  to  Eliaa  CAtherlnc^  \ 
dan.  of  ttM  Into  Colonel  Porbea 
of  th9  Gid  Iblt,  Ekkleatham. 

At  Malkenn,  Bombay,  Gear^e^  eeeend  son  af 
John  Geo.  Hamilton,  eaq.,  Baftoa-hovar,  Argyll, 
ahire,  to  Annie,  dan.  of  Mi^or  Shaw,  BJi.^ 
Bombay  Pmlltera. 

Jmm4  d.  At  Taletta,  Malta,  Geonn  Wnhtt 
CiKkborn,  yoimg<*r  of  that  flk,  lieM.  fSad  Bayil 
nigiibndcTs,  SOD  of  the  late  Sir  WIDIao  Sar^ 
Asld  &.  Goekbum,  bart.,  to  Emily  Sarah,  onl^ 
dan.  «f  Ihd  Ee^.  John  aengfa,  ChapUOn  to  the 
Ooferwwt,  Malto. 

At  Holy  TrtBlty,  Bromptan,  the  Eer.  MnMAgv 
P.  P,  Otfanrn,  fteetar  of  Eniwncch  Bfiisrtianut 
LotaMteniblrf,  to  Catbermc  Barken,  efdiot  dao* 
of  Jqha  Manfalt,  eaq  ^  of  Kibwottk  Bareovl, 


4 


i 


1861.] 


Marriages. 


At  Trinity  Chtireb,  St-  MnTjlebone,  the  ReT, 
(OihtIc*  £.  Donnc^  B.A.,  »on  of  W.  Bodbum 
onne,  e#q.,  of  MAttuhttU,  Norfolk,  &  Dcpaty- 
IXicQl.  of  that  cotrnt^f  to  Mildred,  dan.  of  th« 
|lit«  J.  Mttcbpll  Kemlile,  esq.,  M.A. 

At  8t,M*ry't,  Oiefter,  Frederick  Ford,  nq^ 
Mt/i  89rd  Heirt^  to  Oaroline  Anne  TheodoaU, 
Ipeooad  djia.  of  J.  Hiimiltoii  UoU,  etq.,  ind  grond* 
IttM.  of  the  lAte  MaJor-OeoerAl  HalL 

At  !%t.  Slephen's,  rnddinfftOD,  Lieot.  Geo.  Winh- 
Itwunw  WtlUom*,  44tli  Rcirt.  M.N.L,  to  Maiy, 
■  •rcond  dau.  of  Uvat-Col.  BUxrtt  Into  of  the 
{ lladrvs  Army, 

At  Ayleibory,  tbe  Rer.  Basil  WUUmos,  Senior 
t  Pellow  and  Dc&b  of  Si.  John*!  College^,  Cambrid^, 
|ftnd  Viear  of  Holme-aa^fi^ldiag-Moor,  Yurk* 
bire,  toOitbcxine  Mary,  dan.  of  th«  late  William 
rjobo  Wood,  esq.,  of  the  Thnipp,  Stroud,  Qlouoes- 
llenhire. 

At  Antoof,  Cornwall,  Edward  WUll*,  esq., 

1.IL  Ilgllt  ^fkntry,  to  Mn^ry  Lamprey,  only 

lam.  of  Ikio  lite  Ui^or  Jno.  Tudor  Tucker,  H.M. 

At  et,  Oeofie's,  Hanover-ni*,  Itea  Roiymond 

^Barker,  cim|m  of  the  Crofts,  Pnlrford,  Gloucester- 

,  to  ElLeabetJi  Pukner,  dan.  of  the  tale  Wm. 

At,  e^q.,  and  relict  of  Col.  Black,  of  the 

At  St,  GUes',  CamberweU,  William    Robert, 
•ecood  wan  of  the  late  Jobn  T-  I'urwU,  c?q., 
|£athmlne«,  Dublin,    to  Catherine  Clementina, 
I  only  dan.  of  the  late  Jolm  A.  Napier,  eaq.,  H.M/i 
^MOBo,  Ceylon. 
Imm%.    At  St.  Panl*i,  Knigbtftbndge,  Mark 
Bset^ell,  OcwtiiDflnder  R,N.,  ton  of  the 
r.  Horace  and  Lady  Caroline  PechcU,  to  Ellen 
lilorlo,  yoanf«at  dau.  of  C.  Derby,  esq.,  and 
^  to  8ir  Samuel  Fludyer,  bart. 
At  the  Catholic  Church,  Cbelteuhnm,  WiUiain, 
[iixth  eon  of  the  late  Sir  Edward  Mostyn,  hart., 
[to  dementina,  fourth  datt.  of  the  late  Edmund 
\  Jemtngbam,  esq. 

At  Qae«!nstown,  Capt.  Duneon  McNeill,  Scots 

Greyo,  tbird  son  of  the  late  Capt.  Alex.  McNeill, 

[^dfOolwuay,  to  Fanny  Charlotte  Emma,  second 

,  of  Boor-Adm.  Charles  and  the  Hon.  Char- 

riottc  Oeorgiaaa  Talbot. 

At  Munken  Iladley,  John  Fkillipp,  only  von 

of  J.Thomaa,esq<f  of  BletAoe  Monnr,  Bedford- 

,  ie^  Julia  Paulina,  oldest  dao.  of  tho  late 

MlUVl  Flasket.  K.C.M.G. 

At  B>Khw)ek,  fiath^   Anhnr  Gay  Elkinffton, 

•  FiulUeT  Guard/i,  to  L6oncine  EllKabetb 

,  only  child  of  Capt.  WUUam  F&n»oDs, 

oftbeMancitliii. 

At  ClirUt  Chorch,  Tonttall,  the  Rct.  Thomas 

Hose,  Ctirato  of  Darpenden,  Hert*.,  to 

IflBBiy,  only  oblld  of  the  late  Tbomon  Goodfeilow, 

■^fOfTimstaU* 

At  Christ  Cbureh,  Folkestone,  the  Rev. William 

LBeory  Cnrpcndalc,  eldest  son  of  ibe  bite  Itev. 

turmiam  Cacpeodole,  Reetor  of  Lilton,  Donet, 

,  PtipetuBi  Corate  of  Wlneonton,  Soraerset, 

I  KAtboriiie  Julia  EUen,  dan.  of  the  late  Henry 

I  ivjt  esq.,  Q.C.,  of  Ilurtbam-porti,  Wilts, 

find  Madame  Chanumca,  of  Mycntcough-hall, 

fX^neasldre. 

At  N«lher*Brongbton,  Ldoettenldre,  Robert 


O.  Law  Ogilby,  cfq.,  of  Sussex -pL,  Refcnt**-pk,, 
to  Marianne,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  John  Noble, 
Ecctor  of  Netber-Brou^hton. 

At  Brooke,  Benjamin  Trmplc,  eldest  son  of 
Benjamin  Cotton,  esq.,  of  Afton-bouM*,  Fmh-' 
water,  to  Frances  Anne,  second  dau.  of  Charles 
Beely,  esq.,  of  Brooke-house,  Isle  of  Wi^bt,  and 
neigbinKton,  Lincoln. 

June  7.  At  Wakefleld,  Edirard  Wildn,  eeq.y 
R.N.,  to  Jane  Sutton,  fifth  dau.  of  Edw.  Nowers, 
esq.,  DoTer. 

June  10.  At  St.  Georgc*a,  IIanover'-sq.|  and 
after vards  at  the  chapel  of  the  Russian  Kmbassy, 
Count  Nicolas  RostoTtxoH',  Aide-de-Camp  to  Hia 
Imperial  Majesty  the  Emperor  of  RniMa,  to 
Itiryi  <^eat  dau.  of  Dr.  Bridgmon,  Woolwich- 
ootmnoQ^ 

At  Cambridg«»,  the  Rot,  Arthur  Wolfe,  M.A., 
Fellow  and  Tutor  of  Clare  College,  to  Louisa 
Moripr,  younger  dau.  of  tho  Rct.  Alex.  J,  D. 
D'OrwT,  B.D,,  of  Corpus  Christi  College. 

At  Cliiaon,  Arthur  Uavics  Berringtoo,  esq.,  of 
Pant-y -Goitre,  Momnoothshire,  to  Ada,  dau.  of 
the  late  John  Lane,  esq.,  of  Leyton  Grange, 

KSW53C. 

junt  y.  At  rppcrby,  Carlisle.  B«>ar-Adm. 
rennell,  of  RfiTen»ide,  neur  Carlisle,  to  Frances 
Elizabeth,  eldest  dau.  of  F.  Colrldge  Hutchinscim, 
esq.,  M.D.,  of  the  Cottage,  Brloco,  nrnr  Carlinle. 

At  StGcorge'^,  Hanoycr-nq.,  Rlcliard  IJuifh 
Stothcrd,  esq.,  Capt.  R.E.,  ton  of  MaJor>Qcn. 
Stotherd,  R,E.,  to  Caroline  Frances,  dau.  of 
Thomas  Wood,  e«q.,  Neashira-liouse,  Darlington. 

At  »t,  Mary*s,  Cheltcnh.im,  Thoiufui  Hojtbnrgh 
Polwhele,  esq.,  M.A.,  only  son  of  Major-Gen. 
Thomas  Polwbcle,  and  nephew  of  Ueut.-CoL 
Rlehard  Graves  Polwhele,  of  Polwhele,  Cornwall, 
to  Fanny,  only  ehlld  of  the  late  Thomas  Come, 
esq,,  and  granddau.  of  the  late  JFoeeph  Come, 
esq.,  F.R.S.,  kct  of  Pen^unre,  Comwall- 

At  St.  Mary's,  West  Brompton,  Alfred  Ooold, 
esq,,  of  Southfeo,  Hants,  son  of  Cspt.  Goold, 
R.N.,  of  Clarenee-«q.,  Gosport,  to  Ellen  Harriet, 
only  dau.  of  Wm.  Tate,  esq.,  of  Hercford-iq., 
Old  Brompton. 

At  St.  John's,  Lowestoft,  Fred.  Aston  Oakes, 
lato  3rd  Dragoon  OuartJn,  third  son  of  Henry 
James  Ookes,  esq.,  of  Nowton-eourt,  to  ElleA 
Francee^  third  dou.  of  the  Rct.  Ilcrirey  Astua 
Adomsoa  Oakoe,  Rector  of  Now  ton. 

At  Trinity  Church,  Marrlebone,  the  Rer.  Wm. 
Philip  Btnmg  Blnghtni,  M..\t,  Incumbent  of 
West  Pinehbcck,  LtncoUiBhire,  to  Alicia  French, 
•econd  stirnTtnff  dau.  of  the  late  Major  Henry 
Maxwell  Wainright,  of  H.M/s  47tb  Regt. 

Jum  11  At  Christ  Church,  Bsiyswater,  the 
Rev.  Henry  Carmlehoel  Grant,  third  ion  of  the 
lute  Rev.  Chos.  Grant,  Vicar  of  West  Barnbam, 
Norfolk,  to  L«oniaa,  third  dau.  of  the  late  John 
Border,  esq. 

Tho  Rev,  Frederick  W.  Shannon,  Reetor  of 
Qnarrington  with  tJild  Klcaronl,  Llncohii^hlre,  to 
Catherine  Emma,  fourth  dau.  of  D.  L.  Manthorp, 
esq.,  of  Thorp. 

At  Donoy brook.  Major  Jobn  Mookenoie  Lyle, 
S&tb  Reft.,  to  Be^&ie,  dau.  of  tbe  late  Bev.  Chua. 
Heary  Oeorf  e,  GlaaDevin,  Dublin. 


8S 


Marriaget. 


u^i 


AX  Holy  Trtelty,  Micktcpate,  York,  tlu  ReT. 
H.  S,  Ilild]mrd»  Rector  of  I^flus,  to  OclAria, 
Toangrest  dna.  of  Wmiam  Bichiu-dioa,  etq*,  of 
Micklogate, 

June  13.  At  TayntoiQf  Glo^oeftersti.,  Capt.  A. 
O.  Onflow,  97th  Rofft,,  elde«t  ton  of  lUelurd 
Foley  Onslow,  eiq.,  Oxenball,  GlotiiiDStenhlre,  to 
Mar7,  fifth  daa.  of  the  Ute  Sir  John  Owen,  bart, 
M.P.,  Lord-Ltettt,  of  the  ooonty  of  PembrokA. 

At  Eridfltowe.  Benjunin  Oroame  Sftdler,  eaq., 
of  Bf  Ifiut,  f  otmge«t  eon  of  the  Utc  Michael  Thom^ 
Sddler,  esq.*  M.P.,  F.R.S.,  to  Catherine  Hftrriet, 
cMcflit  d«u.  of  Wm.  Pdcei  c»q,,  of  Bezihall.  co. 
Hereford. 

At  Nether  WinofamdoOt  Backs,  Jo9eph  Nftpler 
nigrtn**  *^'*  ^^  New-flq.,  Lineoln's-inn,  b«i^ 
rlgter-At>law,  to  SophJa  £Uut»eth,  youngest  duo. 
of  Thos.  Tyrlzighaiii  Bcma.rd.  esq.,  If, P. 

At  Milchiim.  Korrolk.  Robert  DeLftfo«Ae  Shield, 
BUTgcoti,  of  nungerford,  Berl»,  to  Mary  £«8ter, 
eldest  data,  of  the  kte  B«r.  Wm.  WilliAma,  Aector 
of  Stokesay,  Salop, 

At  Hoddesdcni,  Donat  John  Hotte,  elder  wn  of 
the  bte  Renr^Adm,  0'Briea«  of  Ycw^iooao,  Hod* 
desdoti,  to  Martha  Shepherd,  ieeoad  dan.  of  the 
Ber,  R.  W.  Moricei  Incumbent  of  Hoddettdan. 

At  Northatlcrtoii,  Herbert  Lowe  Campbell, 
«9q.,  Capt«  in  H.M/s  Bengal  Anny«  to  Emily 
Goorginnaj  widow  of  Wm.  Alexander  Uickeyp 
esq.,  Capt.  and  second  in  eommand  of  the  t&th 
Irregular  Cavalry,  Bengal, 

At  FoUcotone,  the  Ber.  Cloudealey  Hughea 
D'Aeth,  8on  of  Vice-Adm.  Hughe*  D'Aeth,  of 
Enovlton-courtt  Kent,  to  Charlotte  BobbcU,  dan, 
of  the  late  Rer.  Henry  Warburtoo,  Hector  of 
Siblc  Heduigham,  Ea«ex. 

At  Walcot  Chorcb,  Bath,  George  Bakewell, 
eldest  son  of  D.  C.  Dewhurst,  esq.,  of  Beech- 
wood,  Cheahirc,  to  FrftJieec  Adamlaa  Lucy,  dan* 
of  the  Rot.  W.  H.  O.  Siann,  formerly  Vicar  of 
Bawdon,  Choabire. 

At  St  M&rylebone,  Wm.  Henry  Besant,  esq., 
late  Fellow  of  St.  John**  College,  Cambridge,  to 
Margaret  Elixabtth,  dan.  of  tbe  Rot.  Robert 
WillU,  Jacluonian  Profesanr  in  the  tJniTenity  of 
Cambridge,  of  York-terr.,  Reteiit*»-p«rk. 

At  the  Rectory,  Maiden -Newtoo,  Domt^Lleat^ 
Col.  Juhn  A.  Digby,  to  Diana  AlieU,  elde«t  dau, 
of  the  Hon.  and  Rer.  WUliom  H.  Soott,  Beotor  of 
MaideU'Newtoii,  &c. 

JuH»  15.  At  St.  George**,  Hanover-aq.,  the 
Right  Hon.  Wm.  Hutt,  M.P.,  of  Glbaide,  Pay* 
maater^Gen.  and  Vlee*rTe.^d<^t  of  the  Board  of 
Trade,  to  Fanny  Anne  June  Uughca,  dau.  of  the 


Hon.  Sir  F^ancl«  and  Lady  (HaabopO^  Sl4 
of  the  ^rt  of  Harringtoii. 

At  Penxanoe,  the  Rer.  Arthur  Holmeii,  Fal- 
low and  Leeturvr  of  0t.  John^i  College,  Oan<- 
bridge,  to  Elemnor,  leocmd  dau.  of  L*.  R.  Wlllmt 
M.D^  of  the  Bam«  UniYendty,  and  niece  of  f^ 
Right  Hon.  Sir  Lawrenoe  Peel,  lali  Gbdtf  lutiee 
of  Bengal, 

At  St.  Mary'a,  Maz7leboii%  Heazy  Gilpin,  c*q«p^ 
B.Btf.,  to  Ifju-garet  Ghriatiaiuta,  only  daa.  of 
Chas.  EctUL,  eaq.,  of  Oloaocater'pl..  Portm«n-«|« 

At  Hammeruuith,  Robert  Charles  Cdrrington^ 
eaq.,  of  the  Admiralty,  Whitehall,  to  liarah  J«n«p 
seoood  daiL  of  Ebenecer  D.  Pcwtreaa,  taq^  Ibr- 
merly  of  BuJfWkv  New  York. 

At  Rawreth,  Encx^  the  Ber.  J.  C*  Whiter 
Rector,  to  Fraaoes  Ellen,  youngeat  dan.  «f  lh* 
late  Joaeph  Furrier  8miUi,  eiq.,  of  AahAmI,  Kent. 

/«4fi<  18.  At  St.  Qeorge'a,  Haaover-sq.,  Lord 
Felbam,  eldest  ion  of  the  Earl  of  Chi«he«ter,  to 
EUxabcth  Mary,  dau.  of  the  Hon,  Sir  JohA 
Duncan  Bltgh,  K.C.B. 

At  Kew,  the  Rcr.  Dacres  OUvier,  eecood  aoQ 
of  Lt.-Col.  OUYler,  of  th«  Manor-houae,  Potteniei, 
Wilta,  to  Emma  Selina  Eden,  fourth  dau<  of  the 
Lord  Bishop  of  Moray  and  Boes* 

At  North  Cray,  Nevile,  third  aon  of  Sir  John 
W.  Lubbock,  bort.,  of  High  Elmi.  Famborough, 
Kent,  to  Harriet  Charlotte,  •ecoiu)  dau.  of  Wcaterni 
Wood,  esq.,  of  North  Cny-plaoe,  in  the  aamo 
ooonty. 

AJt  St.  Mary  Abbotta,  Kenaington,  the  B«r. 
Henry  Eve,  Rector  of  South  Ockendon,  Eiaex, 
to  Elixa,  widow  of  Mr.  B.  Hannen.  of  Brixton. 

At  Ilore,  Robert  William  Piper,  e«q.,  (late 
Cipt.  of  the  46th  Regt.),  only  wm  of  Lieut.^Geii. 
Piper,  Royal  Engineers,  to  Mary  Anne,  eldest 
daa<  of  Charles  VaiLmoc,  esq.,  of  West-street, 
Brighton. 

At  Leiociter,  the  Rev.  Arthur Muraell,  of  Man- 
chester, to  Liaide,  younger  dau.  of  John  Thomp- 
Bon,  esq.,  Laneaster-'plaoe,  Leioester, 

Jitne  10.  At  St.  MartiB*s,  BIrmiogbara,  the  Ber. 
Fred.  Spencer  Dole,  M.A.,  Tiinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge, Incnmbeot  of  St.  Luke's,  Birmingham,  to 
EUjnbetb,  seoond  dau,  of  the  Bev.  John  C.  Miller, 
D.D.,  Honorary  Canon  of  Woroeater,  and  Rector 
of  Bt.  Martin%  Birmingham. 

JuHt  20.  At  Danbury,  Eaaez,  George  Goooh 
Clowes.  Major  8th  Hussars,  youngeH  soii  of  Lt*> 
CoL  Clowes,  late  3rd  Dragoons,  of  Broughton 
Old  Hall,  Lancashire,  to  aoaao  Caroline  Wlgram, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Lord  Bishop  of  Rochester. 


i 


1861.] 


83 


#i)ituar|>. 


f 


l^Mdaiiveg  or  Jhimdt  tvpplyintf  Memoirs  are  reqnetUd  to  append  iheir  Addresseit,  t» 
ortkr  thai  a  Cop^  of  the  Gektlemait's  Maqazjkr  containitig  t/tar  Communication 
ma^  b§  forwarded  to  themS\        


N 


Couirr  Qlxottsl. 

Jame  6L  At  Tarin,  aged  50,  Count 
Ctmillo  Ben  so  di  Cavour,  the  Premier  of 
the  new  kingdom  of  Italy. 

The  deceased  wa&  born  at  TtiriD,  Auf^nst 
10,  1810.  He  was  a  younger  son  of  a 
noble  hoQse,  long  settled  in  tbe  neiglibour- 
ing  town  of  Chieri,  which  clnima  the  donbt* 
fill  honour  of  an  illegitimate  descent  from 
•  duko  of  Saroy.  His  father,  wbo  in  eaid 
to  bav^e  been  a  man  of  great  ahillties,  at- 
tiiched  himself  to  the  French  interest,  in 
tbe  time  of  the  former  kin gdt>iij  of  Itnlj, 
and  his  child  had  for  godmother  the  Prin- 
re«s  Borgbcie,  the  tuiter  of  Napoleon. 
Yonng  Cavonr  waa  educated  for  the  Rrmy, 
bnt  at  tbe  age  of  twenty,  when  he  hnd  only 
reached  the  ran!c  of  HeuteniLnt  of  engi- 
Mers,  he  quitted  the  profefi&ionj  and  for 
ilie  next  twelve  yean  he  reaided  prin* 
dpally  in  England,  and  wmi  deeply  en- 
gaged in  tbe  study  of  j^^lltieiil  and  eco- 
nomical science  i  for  the  like  purpose  he 
also  Tisited  France  atul  SwitzerUnd,  Ito- 
turning  to  Turin  in  1842,  with  bis  pohtical 
principles  formed,  and  hi  a  fa  to  re  career 
sket<;htid  out,  he,  in  conjnnctioo  with  hla 
^end,  the  welUknown  Count  Cesare  Balbo, 
trtabliibed  a  first'eUsB  political  dnily  news* 
fwper,  li  SiaorgimentQ.  Count  Santa  Rosa 
al«o,  and  tbe  Cberalier  C^rlo  Buoucom* 
pagni,  joined  It  ai  eotinboraiettrt.  This 
jotimal  became,  under  Cavour's  guidance 
sod  diligent  co-operation,  one  of  the  moat 
inftaeotial  organs  of  the  middle  classes. 
Daring  tbe  stormy  period  which  followed 
tbe  oBBsion  of  tbe  constitution  by  tbe 
King,  Count  Carour  redoubled  bis  exer- 
tions* During  that  unfortunate  afcruggle, 
which  ended  at  Novara, — when  tbe  ene- 
mies of  Austria  were  almost  equally  ene- 
mies of  eacb  other,  and  accusations  of 
were  but  too  weU  founded,^ 


Cavtnir  took  what  Liberal  writers  celled 
a  "Conservative**  course.  He  was  ad- 
verse, for  instance,  to  a  second  straggle 
after  the  Salnsoo  armistice.  But  at  kst 
Kovara  having  destroyed  tbe  hopes  of 
Charles  Albert  and  of  the  freedom  of  Italy 
for  the  time,  the  Count  Btruek  out  a  new 
policy — a  poli  cy  of  com  promise.  H  e  fonn  ed 
a  party  which  stood  between  Reaction 
and  Revolution — though  it  had  elemetitt 
in  it  akin  to  each — and  his  success  in  doing 
tbis  was  what  first  gave  him  real  position 
as  a  statesman.  In  1843  he  entered  the 
Chamberis  as  raember  for  the  first  electoral 
college  of  Turin,  and  both  as  deputy  and 
journalist  upheld  and  advocated  the  Con- 
Btitutional  party.  From  this  time  forwartl, 
no  important  question  was  diacnssed  in 
which  the  influence  of  Count  Ciivour  did 
not  turn  the  scak.  He  hud  tbe  foundation 
of  bis  subsequent  ix»puhmty  principsdly 
by  bis  speech  in  favour  of  tbe  Siccurdi 
Bill  for  tbe  abolition  of  clerical  jurisdic- 
tion. In  1850  his  ablUty  and  weight  met 
tboir  necessary  recognition.  He  joiiied 
tbe  Cabinet,  and  his  adminiat rati ve  powers 
were  immediately  shewn  by  the  way 
in  which  the  various  departments  were 
worked.  He  found  tbcHe  in  a  very  buck- 
ward  and  imperfect  condition,  and  the 
improvements  that  he  elfected  were  little 
abort  of  marvellous.  This  Piirliauient  wat 
prorogued  from  July  to  November,  1852, 
and  Cavour*  profiting  by  the  recess,  again 
vieitcd  England,  He  turned  the  time  to 
good  account,  in  forwarding  the  interests 
of  his  country  and  openiug  up  his  views 
to  statesmen.  In  November,  a  mmisterial 
crisis  arose,  and  Cavour  was  lent  for  by 
the  King. 

From  tbis  period  may  be  dated  a  new 
era  in  Italian  history.  The  "unification 
of  Italy"  was  tbe  professed  object  of  all 


84 


Obitcart. — Count  Cavour. 


[July. 


Count  Carour*!  exertions,  and  to  fttiaia 
thia  and*  which  of  coura^^  included  the 
aggrandixement  of  Sardinia,  he  porsncd 
%  Goone  of  policy  which  cannot  be  justified 
in  all  ita  part%  even  by  its  apparent  fluccoia. 
Tbongh  Sardinia  bad  no  imaginable  cfloae 
of  qnarrel  with  Eaisia,  he  formed  an  al- 
liance with  England  and  France,  and  tent 
ft  contingent  to  the  Crimea,  which  did 
credit  to  the  mUitarj  abUitica  of  its  leader, 
Gencfftl  J>ella  Marmora.  This  waa  the 
fint  itept  bat  a  ^eat  one,  to  tlie  admisaioa 
of  Sitrdinia  aniong  tbe  Great  Powers.  Be> 
fore,  however,  it  could  produce  any  resnlt, 
iti  projector  woa  for  a  time  out  of  office, 
lu  April,  1855,  in  conaequenoe  of  tbe  op- 
position  offered  by  the  bishops  to  the  law 
for  the  diaAoIution  of  convents,  the  entire 
miniatrj  tendered  its  resignation^  since  it 
was  reiolved  not  to  enter  into  fresh  negoti- 
ations with  the  Papal  See.  Tliis  occurred 
at  tbe  very  time  when  the  Sardiniau  Ex^ 
peditlonary  Corpi  waa  preparing  to  set 
sail  for  tbe  Crimea.  Placed  thus  in  diffi- 
culty, the  King  charged  General  Durando 
with  the  formation  of  a  new  cabinet;  but 
the  steps  which  he  took  led  to  nothing,  so 
that  on  the  31  at  of  May,  1855,  Count 
Cavour  was  again  definitely  entrtifted  with 
the  belm  of  the  State.  Then  bcf^an  tbe 
propaganda  of  ConBtiiutionaliHm  in  right 
earnest.  Cavour  was  regarded  by  the 
patriots  of  the  whole  Peninsula  as  tbe 
only  possible  man — tbe  only  hope  of  Italy. 
The  Crimean  war  over,  he  aocompanied 
King  Yiotor  to  Paris  and  London,  and  in 
both  places  received  ovations  that  shew<^ 
what  was  thought  and  expected  of  him. 
Ho  took  an  active  part  in  the  Congress  of 
PMs>  and  there  brought  the  Italian  qnes- 
taon  before  Europe  in  an  official  form. 
Hii  power  and  genius  were  now  very 
generally  acknowledged.  Austria  hated 
him  as  the  enemy  of  her  Italian  rule,  and 
the  Papal  See  as  tbe  enemy  of  tbe  political 
power  of  tbe  Cburch.  On  the  other  hand, 
he  p^ofi^ed  by  the  reai^tion  in  fjivour  of 
monarchical  government  which  liad  fal- 
lowed m\  the  Pevolution  and  on  the 
eatabligbuicnt  of  the  Second  Einprre,'— for 
this  fortified  bim  against  the  Ile|iul)lienttf, 
and  enabled  him  to  give  a  wonarehicol 
direetirm  to  tbe  anti^  Austrian  feeling  of 
10 


Italy.  In  this  couutry  he  was  especially 
popular,  as  the  chief  supporter  of  oomll- 
tutional  government  on  the  Continent 
Tbe  Paris  Congress  broke  up,  having 
heard  from  Cavour  a  good  deal  not  easily 
to  be  forgot,  but  leaving  everything  im- 
changed  as  regarded  Italy.  He,  bowe^^er, 
was  not  the  man  to  rest  quiet  under  tbe 
disappointment.  He  bad  shewn  that  Sar- 
dinia could  1>e  of  service  to  England  and 
France  united,  and  now  he  resolved  to 
secure  tiie  aid  of  France  against  the 
Austrians  in  Italy. 

When  two  such  astute  politicians  as  tbd 
Emperor  Xapoleon  and  Cavour  are  mixed 
np  in  a  transaction,  it  must  be  hard  to  say 
which  is  the  instrament  and  which  tha 
master.  In  1858,  the  baths  of  Plom- 
blares  were  visited  by  tbe  Emperor,  and 
Cavour  was  his  guest,  and  then  it  was 
that  matrimonial  and  other  engagementa 
were  entered  into,  which  hound  Franco 
and  Sardinia  to  a  common  policy.  On 
the  2Aih  of  Jannary,  1859,  the  Monii^ur 
announced  that  **  the  mutuiil  interests  of 
France  and  Sardinia  have  influenced  the 
two  sovereigns  to  draw  more  closely  the 
bonds  between  them  by  means  of  a  family 
alliiinoe.  For  a  year  past  negodatioiift 
have  been  going  on  with  a  view  to  this, 
but  on  account  of  tbe  prineess's  age,  it 
was  necessary  to  defer  till  now  tbe  mo* 
ment  of  tbe  nuptijUs."  On  the  23rd 
of  Janoary,  General  ISMg  ii  IMnce  Na- 
poleon's proxy,  went  through  the  oaremooy 
of  betrothal,  and  as  early  as  the  90th» 
the  marriage  was  aolemniaed  with  great 
pomp  at  Turin.  On  the  25th  of  MMr<t1t 
the  Sardinian  Premier  anived  at  Paris^ 
at  the  invitation  of  the  French  Empeiror* 
where  he  did  not  omit  anything  which 
might  he  necessary  to  secure  the  intt-reats 
of  bis  country,  whether  the  ultimate  de* 
cision  in  that  influential  quarter  should  be 
for  peace  or  war  with  Austria.  On  the 
12th  of  April,  the  Sardinian  Chamber 
voted  a  credit  of  803,115  francs  for  the 
fortifications  of  AlcssanUrta.  which  .\ustHa 
at  least  regarded  as  a  menace*  Eleven 
daj»  aflerwards.  Count  Buors  ultimatnm 
was  pn>sented  at  Tnrin.  On  the  2(ith^ 
tbe  three  daya*  gimce  allowed  to  Sardinia 
by  Austfhi  having  eipired«  Count  Cavour 


i 

I 
I 


P  -"^MF' 


'^^SL 


1861,] 


Obituary.— Cfrttn/  Cavour. 


85 


rejected  the  ultimatam :  wisely  sayinc 
Dothinir  of  the  "  provodttians  "  that  hud 
procetHled  from  Sttrdinirt  backed  by  Frniice, 
he  threw  upon  Auj.tfta  the  whole  re»pon- 
Bibility  of  the  war  It  Wis  not,  bowefer, 
ttntil  the  29th  thtit  the  AustriMifl  Actually 
CKMMd  the  Ticinrj!,  thtilr  movement  having 
beoi  arrested  at  the  eU'venth  hoar  hy 
a  hum  ontDooeesfal  attempt  at  negocmtkm 
on  tlic  port  of  Lord  MaJine^bury,  The 
brief  dAmpiiigii  of  aerenty  days  witneased 
the  two  noj^uary  battloi  of  Mugeota 
and  Solferiuu,  but  the  pettoe  of  VtliafTtinca 
dnappointed  Cavour'd  hopea,  and  be  relired 
fWnn  olBo«.  Ue  was  coon  recAllecL  and  be 
tbm  fiOtitnTed,  hy  the  treaty  of  Zuricb, 
to  pot  m  new  reading  on  Vilbifranca.  Lotii- 
bardyi  MiiTondered  by  Anstriii  to  France, 
WW  tnuioferred  to  Sardinia,  tbo  Duchies 
and  the  I^egatioos  were  "  annexed,"  d  la 
Americaimi,  and  Satoy  and  Nice  were  "  re- 
annextKl  to  France,"  as  the  avowed  price 
nf  the  Emperor  Napoleon's  snp^iort  in  tiiD 
fprmation  of  the  Italian  kingflotn — or  at 
)eait  bia  onned  neatrality.  At  the  a«me 
tioBie  a  mere  soldier  was,  probably  half 
oneaotctoiaaly,  working  oat  the  deaignt  of 
the  itateamaii.  Garibaldi  landed  in  Sicily, 
and  toon  drove  out  the  BoMrbons.  His 
expedition  was  fitted  out  in  the  Sardinian 
ports,  but  aU  knowledge  of  it  was  officially 
denied.  When,  however,  it  soooeeded 
ahnoet  beyond  expectation,  and  King 
FtBtids  wai  obliged  to  leave  Naples^ 
"iecepted  the  situation,"  and 
to  appropriate  the  op^il* 
ftdnction  of  Gaela  by  the  SardinUn 
and  tbe  defeat  of  the  Papa!  troops 
vader  De  la  Moridere,  caai*ed  Vletor  Em- 
manuel to  be  received  aa  king,  d^/aclo  at 
laait,  of  aU  Italy,  except  Vanioe  and 
ft  femiMJit  at  the  PhiJal  State*.  These 
•stvpfeioiia,  boweveri  were  quite  enou|(h 
lo  BMT  tbe  whole  deaga  so  Tat  as  Count 
Cavrmr  hiuitelf  was  eoncevi^eil,  and  he 
died  with  his  great  purpose  unaccomplinh- 
ed.  If  tbe  itatemi'nts  current  rcsficcting 
hia  habits  ore  c^rrwt,  it  is  only  a  wonder 
that  hr  llv  ed  io  long.  He  wa  s  of  a  f » 11  habit 
of  body,  and  so  neglectful  of  health  that 
he  mude  one  inordinate  and  luxunoue 
meid  M*rve  for  the  whole  day.  quietly  aa- 
•uring  hi«  physician  that  be  "  could  not 
axMT.MAe.  Vol.  CX:XI 


Ftands    was 
^^1i»  fwlnction 


spare  time  for  more."  When  be  at  Inst 
fell  ill,  be  was  treated  according  to  the 
Sangrado  method  wbidi  stiU  prevails  in 
Italy,  tboQgb  abandoned  in  most  other 
civilized  coontriea,  and  was  literally  bled 
to  death. 

Of  a  man  who  has  played  so  promineni 
a  part  in  the  affairs  of  Europpj  and  espe- 
cially one  who  e-rald  at  first  wield  the 
resources  only  of  such  a  feeble  state  aa 
Sardinia  after  the  battle  of  No  vara,  tb<?re 
has  beeUt  as  might  be  expected,  a  wide 
difference  of  opinion.  Those  who  think 
only  of  what  he  aceonipliMbed^  and  are 
practical  assertory  of  the  maxim  that  "  the 
end  justifies  the  roeans,"  are  loud  in  his 
praise,  and  seem  to  think  the  Italian  aiu^e 
"all  but  lost*'  with  blm.  But  there  are 
othera,  who  TevoU  from  both  his  prtnciplet 
and  his  Mctioiis,  and  naturally  look  mnnt  at 
what  be  failed  in  doing;  tboir  view  was 
thus  stroBifly  expressed  by  the  **  Dubbn 
Mtiming  News''  of  the  day  afu?r  bis 
death  t^ 

**  What  an  awful  warning  muirt  not  the 
sudden  liloA"  winch  has  prLwtrated  Cavour 
be  tx>  the  other  principals  and  aocetworiea 
in  the  ssicrilegious  robbery  of  Gixls  Church ! 
Far  be  it  from  us  to  prrsume  to  point  out 
tbe  baud  of  Divine  veng€*>ince  in  this  un- 
expected visitation  ;  but  who  cnn  hear  of 
the  sudden  de&th  ot  a  nuin  who  has  played 
such  a  part,  and  whc*,  to  his  very  last  litmr, 
filled  so  lai^  a  Bpi«c«5  in  the  public  mind, 
without  a  thrill  of  aw©  ?  The  conscience 
of  the  Christian  world  wnll  f»\  that  such 
as  this  is  no  ordiusry  deaths  but  one  which 
iliould  strike  a  salutary  t^^rror  into  the 
hearts  of  wicked  men.  Hardly  a  week  aga 
the  organs  of  tbe  revolution  were  tru  Mpct* 
ing  forth  the  plans  Cavo<ir  had  in  conti  m- 
pbtion  for  oompletiniy  the  destruction  i>f 
that  sovereignty  which  liiis  survived  the 
storms  and  trials  of  a  tbouiand  years.'* 

We  would  may,  that  th^  real  hint  ry  of 
the  loit  twelve  or  fifteen  yeani  h  too  little 
known  as  yet  to  allow  any  vv^ry  sound 
opinions  to  be  formed  as  to  the  motivea 
of  tbe  chief  actor*,  and  that  it  would  be 
well  to  suspend  our  jndgntenS  especially 
on  a  man  cut  off  in  the  midst  of  his  labours. 

We  will  conclude  with  a  pen-nnd-ink 
portrait  of  the  deceased,  from  the  "  Loudon 
Review  :"^ 

**  Cavour  at  the  period  of  his  l»it  visit 
to  Eughuid  wajt  about  five-und-lorty  yean 


80 


Count  Cavour. — Prince  Michael  Gortschakoff.        U^7» 


of  M(^«.  He  WM  of  middle  heif^t,  tnd  of 
ntlu'r  fall  habit,  with  iihcnl  nock  at.d  florid 
of>tn})li>&ion— one  of  tbuw  nion  with  «  ple- 
tlion  f)f  blcKwl,  who  ar«  pocnliarl^  liable  to 

aciit4*  and  inflauiniatory  diMHUoik Still 

CTavonr,  when  he  viaited  Bn((Und,  waa  in 
the  prime  of  life,  and  the  i\i\\  vlgoar  of 
With.  If  we  may  iketch  the  poKr^t  of 
hiM  out  WM^  man,  aa  he  lo  lately  ftood  and 
moTod  amang  na,  wo  would  lay  that  thia 
wan  a  roan  of  ruddy  eomplrsion  and  nan- 
ffnintnina  temperament.  Hia  brown  hair 
iiicUnod  to  a«bum.  He  alwayi  wore  spee- 
taclon,  which  to  a  great  extent  ooi>oealed 
tbt^  eye*  and  much  of  the  exprt^aion  of  the 
fiioe.  Ilia  faoe  wa«  aomewhat  (ii\L  He 
wore  no  mooataebe  (the  King,  hia  maater, 
had  « nongh  for  two),  bnt  a  brown  whinker 
cH^i  inned  under  the  chin,  and  even  then 
boctiming  tinged  with  gray.  Hin  lipi  were 
tki'i  itiU.  and  were  frrqoetitly  oomnreMed 
in  a  manner  indioative  not  only  of  great 
flrmnt'M  tif  purpoae,  but  of  the  aocrotiTe- 
neiM  yih\ch  cnalilt^d  him  to  roi>e  with  the 
Prm>rh  l^peror  himw4f.  Wlien  he  amiled, 
howi«ver,  uid  addreaiMid  tboae  about  him,  it 
couli  be  acen  how  couriUatory  and  per- 
auaHtvo  the  countryman  of  MachiaTelli 
ctmld  be  upon  oooanon.** 


PUVCl  MlCSaXL  GcWTtCHaKOFV. 

Ifffjr  aa  At  Waraaw,  aged  65,  Prince 
Hichael  DortachakoC  formerly  Com- 
mander4n4,luef  of  the  Roanan  Army  of 
the  So^tUu  and  at  the  time  of  hia  death 
Ikn-emor  of  IVOand. 

He  waa  the  aecoDd  aoo  of  PHnop  Aln- 
aader.  one  of  Sawarrow'a  hrmT«it  Gen- 
flrak,  and  w»a  bom  in  17£^  He  entered 
Uw"  lm|Mial  amy  at  an  «ariy  agcw 
Knt  int  oaBe  into  wtSce  aa  an  UBktr 
</  the  ArdUerr  of  the  i^uard  in  the 
war  with  TWiey  in  1^3^S<  dmiitg  a 
part  €i  mhisk  W  ww  attacifeed  no  the 
fftOr  <t  Oewnd  Kiwaaowi^  He  hm 
miAe  hi*  inA  Mfwuntaaoe  with  the  ftr- 
tiinAMM  «r  Si&tria,  de«»ed  in  aAier 
yMm«a«oic  the  pcm^  <tfK»MBa  to  the 
KiW.  ^IBitria  Ml  and  DwMtBflK,  w^ 
iMid  ««iu^  fat  1^  <^<iAt*  yiwieadiid  <« 
Im  sanih  «e  the  Balkaa.  li  wa»  llie 
tey  «f  the  ««?»  *ci  w)uah  l)ortackakoi' 
te  ^QOBpT  1^  asaicanMai  of 
3^  Man^MTa 
a  l^iwr 
^idke  attBerv,  nd  raMHMd  wtth 
the 


againat  Pohmd,  when  he  aerred  for  a 
fborttimeaachief  of  the  ataff  to  General 
Pahlen,  at  the  aame  tune  eommanding 
the  ooUeetive  artiUery.  Perhapa  artaDerj 
haa  aerer  peribrmed  a  more  terrible  part 
than  in  the  battle  of  Oatrolenka,  where 
Gortichakoff  had  under  hia  ordera  70 
guna.  Ten  timea  the  Polea  nMfaed  forward 
to  drive  the  Buaaian  grflnadiera  into  the 
Narew  and  atorm  the  bridge,  and  every 
thne  Gortac^akoff  abattered  thdr  attack- 
lag  oolumna  with  gntpe  and  canister 
ahot.  At  Grochow  he  had,  in  the  aame 
campaign,  prevkmly  rendered  a  aimilar 
afTvioe  to  hia  maater;  and  at  the  laat 
atmggle  for  PoUah  independence — that  of 
Waraaw, — ^hia  guna  played  an  important, 
though  leai  deeiiiTe  part.  During  the 
Polith  campaign  he  had  been  promoted  to 
the  rank  of  lieutenant-general,  and  upoa 
the  (tiagraoe  of  Oount  Soil  he  waa  placed 
on  the  general  ataff  of  the  active  army. 
In  IMS  he  became  a  Geoeral  of  ArtiUery, 
and  in  1S46  waa  named  Military  Gover- 
nor  of  Waraaw.  He  accompanied  the 
Roawam  upon  that  nuMian  of  intervention 
whicJi  tenninated  the  atmggle  for  Hun- 
garian indepeadenoe,  but  aclueved  no  new 
diatinction  on  that  occanoa.  In  18S2  the 
IViaoe  viaited  London  to  refaacnt  the 
Raanaa  army  at  the  fiuieral  of  the  Duke 
oTWeUiagtoa.  who  had  held  the  rank  of 
a  fleild-manthal  in  the  Imperial  aerrioe. 
la  the  caamcr  of  ISSS,  whea  the  £m. 
peror  of  Ruana  had  reaolved  to  take  poa« 
aa«MB  of  the  Daaahiaa  Prindpafitiea, 
Gtvtarihakoff  wa«  appointed  to  the  ooia- 
aaaad  of  the  army  of  oneafNitHn,  at  first 
aambariiig  abovt  40Md  «ea,  and  ai^ 
rirad  at  Jasay  «n  the  lit  cf  July.  The 
asmoe  was  of  tbt  uMSt  cr£asnr  ^ad 
antat  ia  OcadMr.  Omar  radn  aeaft  bna 
a  poBte  aot^  iBvlting  hna  to  TOoeoas  the 
Prark  with  tbt  altenaAm  of  heiT.g 
anaebad  ia  hit  ano^  fAMtMoi.  TVe 
m«i»  w^nrih  iiittowed  aad  tbt  Cximaaa 
war  ai«  Mii^ijfectt  of  haiiflST  iaoa  a^i[>rih  we 
seed  act  <aitar  hmt.  TW  TwsRttt  if^taOm 
m  IVilaiid  hsmp  apua  fsariTwriaed  the 
|«iV&rwidftOflrtadhaI-or»aaaM^  Of  hk 
yMiaaaail  ajppaawaof  a  venaaa  ^iwBAjeuiaa 
wIm^  tvavaOei  aa  l^  IliBa>na(a  PrinoK 
lial^U^and,*-^ 


186L] 


"^ Obituary. —  The  Baron  de  Forrester. 


kiHll,  comraanJing  figtipe,  thin,  but  fltron^. 
{St»  heud  111  id  the  upper  part  of  hii  bo<ly 
I  incline  forwards,  but  thii  appeodrfl  to  be 
[luort*  from  tbc  effect  of  castom  thjui  old 
iftge,  for  though  60  yeiin  of  age»  be  is  bale 
Ipnd  healthy.  HU  eyes,  which  in  hi  a 
>i>ping  jKMitioii  frequently  shoot  over 
\m  speutiu.-lcsy  have  a  firm  ami  scniti- 
liilng  look  I  his  voice  ifl  deep  hut  not 
om,  and  hii  whole  api>earance  im- 
L  ooe  with  that  decttion  and  energy 
[nhicb  pecnliarly  belong  to  a  good  militiiry 


Yios-AikMiiUL  Sib  R.  a  DuNDAa^  K.C.B. 

J%m§  8»      In   NeW'«tr»*et,   Spring-gar- 

dena,  aged  59»  Vice- Admiral  Sir  liiehrtrd 

ntinderf   Dundiie,   K.C.6,,  senior  Nova! 

I  of  the  Admiralty. 
The  deceased  was  the  eecortcl  ton  of 
■Bobert  Saanden  Dnodas,  second  Viscount 
Melville,  by  Anne^  daughter  and  co-heir 
uf  Hicliard  Hock-Saunder*,  M.P.,  and  l>ro- 
tll«r  of  Oetieral  Viicount  Melville^  and  the 
Hon.  Bobert  Dundaa,  Storekeeper-Geiieral 
of  the  Navy.  He  was  bora  at  Melville 
Cit.tle^  April  n,  1802. 

On  leaving  Harrow  School,  at  the  ago 
_  of  thirteen,  he  entered  the  Roynl  NiivaJ 
ollc^.   and   m   June,  1817«  fir»t  went 
Iftfloiit  as  a  votunteer  on  board  the  "  0»ny- 
Iwede,"  26  gnna.  Captain  the  Hon.  Robert 
Cnvendi*b    Kpencer,   with  whom  in  that 
thip,  and  the  "  Owen  Olendower,"  42,  be 
.  ierved  aa  roidihtpmiui  on  the  Mcflltfrra* 
I  and  S<inth  Americim  stations.    After 
k  OOOddirable  courae  of  active  lervice  he 
Mae  A  Lord  of  the  Admiralty  in  1854^ 
nd  in  February,  1855,  he  wni  selected  as 
rCommandep-in-Chief  of  the  Hnltlc  fle«t,in 
the  room  of  the  lut^j  Admiral  Sir  Charles 
Xapier.  In  1857  he  resumed  bis  seat  at  the 
j  Admiralty  l!<)ard,  Wbitehflll,  and  continued 
r  attached  to  ibat department  until  hi«death, 
[In  1841  be  was  created  Compiiuion  of  the 
Order  of  the  Hath  fbr  bis  services  in  Chin% 
mnd  in  1856  was  nominated  a  Knight  Com- 
mander of  that  order  of  knighthood,  after 
Ibe  dose  of  the  Russian  war ;  he  also  was 
•  grand  officer  of  the  Legion  of  Honour, 
Kgnd  had  received  the  honorary  degree  of 
D.C.L.  from  the  University  of  Oxford. 
His   death    occurred   under    painfully 


sndden  circuriistrtnc*^s.  He  bad  attended 
Divitie  service,  as  ii»ua!,  at  St.  Mattliew*8 
Cliupel,  Spring^gardens,  apparently  in  ex- 
celleut  health,  on  the  Sundny,  and  on  the 
next  morning  descended  to  breakfust  at 
his  usual  hoar.  He  soon  after  complained 
of  illnefts,  and  left  the  room  to  lie  down ; 
l^nditig  no  relief,  medical  aid  was  calliHi 
in,  but  bad  only  been  a  short  time  in  at- 
tendance when  the  Admiral  expired.  Tins 
cuuse  of  death  was  disease  of  the  heart. 
His  commissions  bore  dsto  as  follows:^— 
Lit'Uteuant,  June  18,  1821 ;  Commandi-r^ 
June  23.  1823;  Captain,  July  17,  1824; 
Koar-Admiral,  July  4,  1853;  and  Vice* 
Admiral  J  Ftibruary  24,  1858. 


The  Babon  de  Fohbkbtt^. 

Matf  12.  Drowned  in  the  river  Douro, 
by  the  upsetting  of  a  boat,  aged  51, 
Joseph  James  Forrester,  Esq.*  Baron  de 
Forrctiter,  Ac.,  kc 

Mr*  Forrester  had  passed  a  considerable 
portion  of  his  life  us  a  mer<*haint  in  Portu- 
gid.  In  the  ytara  IS-Vt  ami  18-1.5  be  took 
a  very  active  part  in  eiideaTQuring  to  ex- 
pose the  abuses  of  the  wim*  trade  in  that 
cotintry,  and  publhihed  several  piunpblets 
on  the  suhject,  of  one  of  which,  entitled 
"  A  Word  or  Two  on  Port  Wine,*'  there 
were  many  edilioni*.  He  also  published 
in  1844  an  essay  on  the  mO(»t  iipprovcd 
UKxle  of  making  olive  oil. 

He  Imd  previously  undertaken  a  very 
complete  and  laborious  survey  of  the  river 
Douro,  with  a  view  to  the  improvement 
of  its  navigation^  This  task  had  ot'cupied 
his  attention  for  more  than  twelve  years. 
In  1843  bis  map  was  engraved  in  thii 
country.  It  is  entitled  **l'he  Portugnci© 
Ikiiro.  with  so  much  of  the  rivernB  can  he 
made  naviu^ablein  Spain  :*'  and  is  an  engniv- 
ing  10  ft.  in  length  by  2  ft.  2  in.  in  hreadtlk 
It  embraces  an  exact  rej^resi'iitalion  of 
the  river  Douro  from  aljovo  Vilvestre  in 
Spain,  to  St.  Joao  da  Fox,  (the  mouth  of 
the  river,)  on  a  scale  of  4i  in.  to  the  Por- 
tugnese  league.  The  adjacont  country, 
to  the  extent  of  a  cjoarter  of  a  lenfjue  on 
either  bank,  is  minutely  delineated,  as 
well  as  every  feature  and  chnracteriisHc 
of  the  rivcr  itself.  In  acknowledgratut 
of  this  service  Mr.  Forrester  received  the 


8S 


ne  Banm  ie  Fomater.— Vke-ddmral  Motnom.      [ Jolr, 


of  approlMEtioo  froB 
ike  M  iiiiieipal  ClMiBber  of  Oporto^  the 
Agrirahsnl  Society  of  tke  Doao^  wad 
other  imifipal  and  pnUie  bo&s.  Hit 
onrveyf  were  adoptes  by  the  Puiiu^acM 
GofcmnMot  as  natioil  workiy  and  re- 
fnzEted  is  FjigJand  by  order  of  the  Hoow 
of  CoouBoiML  He  «aa  deett  d  a  member 
of  the  Boyal  Afadpmifa  of  liikm  and 
Oporto»  of  tiie  Royal  Academy  of  Seieneea 
of  Tarin,  and  of  the  Rqjal  Gcognphical 
Socictiea  of  Berfin,  PWria^  and  Loodoo. 
He  «aa  decorated  with  theatara  of  Knight 
CoBunander  of  the  ord«-n  of  Cfariat  and 
Imbeia  b  Catofica,  and  with  the  croama 
of  Cberalier  of  the  orden  of  Noam  Sen- 
hora  de  Concei^ao  de  Villa  Vico^  and 
of  Carioe  IIL  He  reeeiTed  from  Charka 
Albert,  tiie  King  of  Sar^nia,  a  peenhar 
marie  of  penonal  regard,  for  HaJL  magim- 
Bimoaa  lorereign  pfaved  upon  the  breaat 
of  the  Barcfti  ForrMter  the  identical  crom 
of  the  order  of  SS.  Manriee  and  LManu 
which  hi«  Miqerty  had  worn  thros^hoot 
his  campaigna,  •■  Oraod  Master  c€  that 
order.  He  waa  farther  hoDOored  by  the 
preaent  King  of  Italy  by  election  into  the 
eorpa  of  Equestrian  Knights  of  St.  Man- 
lice;  and  he  reeriTed  from  their  Im|>erial 
Majesties  of  Roasia,  Anstria,  and  Fnuiee^ 
and  from  bis  Holiiiem  the  Pope,  their  gt^ 
medals  of  the  first  clam  awarded  to  leanaed 
foreigners. 

The  Great  Ejdubition  of  1B51  soggest. 
«d  to  Benjamin  Oiireira,  Esq.,  F.R.S.,  late 
M.P.  for  Maidstone,  to  offer  a  prise  of  £50 
for  an  eamy  oo  Portngal,  partieolarly  in 
connexion  with  mannfaetures^  wine^  and 
other  prodnee,  ndlroads«  and  free  trade. 
The  appeal  was  answered  by  foor  candi- 
dates, one  of  whom  was  a  natire  of  Portu- 
gal, and  tbe  other  three  Englishmen; 
and  in  April,  18&3,  the  preminm  was 
awarded  to  Mr.  Forrester.  Thia  essay  waa 
immediately  after  pnt^ished,  accompanied 
by^the  eridenee  giren  by  the  anther  before 
a  select  committee  of  the  Hoose  of  Com- 
mons on  the  wine  duties,  which  sat  in  May, 
1852;  and  it  Ibrmed  an  octavo  Tofaime, 
fhn  of  rery  vahiable  statistica  on  the 
resonrces  and  commerce  oi  PortogaL  A 
second  edition  was  printed  in  18»4. 

Mr.  Forrester  1m 


\  on  the  O^£oe,  or  Tina  Disease  ; 
aad  he  hnd  prk'pared  fiar  the  prem  a  pro- 
ject fiar  the  impsorement  of  the  nB«tg»- 
tieo  of  tbe  rircr  Domro^  with  a  Tiew  to 
the  saring  of  haman  Hft^  and  fiscaitediBg 
the  eoBTeyaace  of  the  agricoltanl  pvodaea 
of  the  nch  bot  insalated  prorineeaof  Lena 
aad  Castile  to  Oporto^  in  order  to  sapp^ 
the  EnropcBB  iBaricet  with  i 


It  is  a  sad  aad  Tcry  remarkable  doae  to 
the  file  of  thia  ardent  and  energetie  man 
that  he  shooid  at  kst  bain^  fiOJcn  a  victim 
to  the  floods  of  that  river  tor  which  he  had 
done  so  mnrh,  and  which  he  had  ao  seal- 
oosly  lalxmred  to  improve.  HewaseomiB^ 
down  the  river,  wben  on  passing  a  r^pid 
named  the  Ponto  do  Caehao^  the  boat  was 
cairied  againat  a  rock,  its  side  stove  in,  and 
it  immediatrfy  »inh.  A  man-skrrvant  dtm^ 
to  Mr.  Forrester,  and  they  went  down 
togethi^.  One  woaua-servant  was  abo 
lost,  but  the  remainder  of  tbe  party,  ci>n- 
sisting  of  three  gentlemen  and  two  ladies, 
were  saved.  Mr.  Forrester^s  body  has  not 
smee  been  recovered 

His  death  caused  a  profoond  sensatkm 
both  at  Lisbon  and  Oporto^  and  all  the 
vesseb  in  port  lowered  their  flags  half- 
mast  high,  on  receiving  the  distresnug 
intelligence. 

Mr.  Forrester  wss  raised  to  the  rank 
of  Baron  by  the  kte  Qnecn  ef  PortngitL 
He  waa  deeted  a  Fellow  of  tbe  Society 
of  Antiqoaries  of  London,  May  1,  I$56w 
He  had  been  for  some  jeers  a  widower, 
hot  has  left  nx  children.  There  is  an  ex- 
cellent portrait  of  the  Baron,  a  Urge 
private  print  in  lithography,  by  Bangniet 
of  London,  l»l& 


Yicm-kDXOJkX*  MooBSox. 

Mag  26.  In  Montagn-phtfo,  Bmsell- 
sqnare^  aged  68,  Vice- Admiral  Cdnstantine 
Richard  Moorsom. 

The  deceased  was  the  eldest  son  of  the 
late  Admiral  Sir  RobeH  Moorsom,  K.C.R 
(who  died  in  1835),  formerly  Conmi*>nder- 
in-Chief  at  Chatham,  by  Eleanor,  daughter 
of  Thomas  Scarth,  Esq.,  of  Stakesby,  near 
Whitby,  Yorkshire,  and  was  bom  on  the 
22nd  of  September,  1792.  He  was  et^a- 
CBtad  at  the  Boyal  Naval  CoUege»  jrh^re 


186L]     Obituary, —  Vice- Admiral  Moorsom, — ^fis»  Currer,      89 


he  diatintrTiialird  himeclf  by  gaining  the 
lirftt  tiicd^l     Ho  served  at   tbe  itege  of 
I  C'Mttx  iu»  sigi  al  umttf,  tn  the  **  Revenge/' 
^4.    ttpder   the    late    Sir  C.   Puget  and 
Ciiinniodore  i^ir  H.  Hothnm,    He  after- 
Wrtrdi)  helii  the  p<i«t  of  LieuU^nont  iti  tbo 
••St.  AH«iij"»."  61,  and  the  "  Superb/'  74, 
in   tbe  blockade  of  New  Liindoo,   Loo^ 
ItiUnd  Souud,  and  New  York ;  and  became 
Commander  in  1814.    He  c«>ui!Datided  the 
*•  Fury  "  In  the  attack  on  Aljjfiera  id  1816» 
in  wliicb  that  vesael   threw  more  ibell^ 
an   any  other  of  tbe  veaaeli  engaged. 
This  re«nlt  waa  attained  by  arrangcmentB 
which  Were  afUrnards  adopted  in  bomb- 
,  fthipM,  ty  onler  of  tbe  Admiralty.     In  the 
■' I*rometheui**  he  waa  in  tbe  exereining 
fquadroQ,  under  tbe  late  Sir  B.  HaU<)ivt:ll. 
•nd  in  the  *'  Ariadne  *'  ho  bad  tbe  **  lioce* 
-  burse**  and    tbe  "  Helicon*'   under    his 
t'Ordera  fur  experiments  in  tbe  Cbunnel  for 
lAuiOc  moatba.    After  having  been  senior 
fivKf  at  the  Manntitis  and  dependeneiea, 
\  coeoeeded  to  the  c<»wiiriand  of  the  "  An- 
^fbtraiaelia'*  and  of  the  Cnpe  of  Good  Hope 
•^{uadroD   on    the    death   of  Commodore 
!Nonr»e,    He  had  not  betD  Bfitmi  for  luaity 
y«*ars,   bnt   tie  became   Rear  •  Admiral  in 
1851,   and    Vice -Admiral  in    1857.     Ho 
Jed  a  very  active  life  of  late  years  in  con- 
nexion with  railway^^f  and  at  the  time  of 
hia  death  he  waa  chairman  of  tbe  l/ondon 
mnd  North -Western  line.     He  prcaidt'd  at 
k  Wbarndille  meeting  on  the  IStb  of  May, 
md  then  appeared   in  excellent  health. 
LTbe  cause  of  bis  death,  it  is  said,  waa  an 
,tion  rendered   neceatary   in   oonse- 
I  of  A  wonnd  he  received  in  the  arm 
BUUty  yeaf*  before.     As  resident  director 
of  ih«  Chi^iter  and    Holyhead   liiiilway 
^lia  had  fbnr  steam-paeketg  under  hi^  di- 
(tiectloD  at  a  time  when  the  attention  of 
be  GoV'  rnment  and  the  public  i^euerally 
rma  closely  directed  to  the  improvtment 
'  ateam  navigation  and  the  iulMitttution 
L  for  aaUiDg  ships.     His  duties  in 
I  oQce  led  him  particnlarly  to  consider 
•qiie>lioa,and  to  addreu  to  the  BritUb 
I  two  papers,  the  effect  of  which 
I  that  tbe  Steamship  Ferfoimance  Com- 
mittee, of  which  he  was  tbe  chairman,  waa 
appoin  ett.     Mnch  of  Admiral  Moorsom's 
eisur^  wu&  gi\  en  to  the  study  and  expo- 


sition of  practical  naval  science,  and  he 
was  the  author  of  several  trentisea  ou 
nAval  tactica.  Ho  marrie4l,  in  1822^  Mary, 
daughter  of  Jacob  Made,  Esq.,  of  Silaby- 
ball,  CO.  Durhum,  by  wb^^m  he  had  issue 
five  sous  and  three  daugbtera. 


Mtdd  CVhueb. 

April  28.  At  Eahtim-hall,  near  Skip- 
ton-on- Craven,  a^ed  76,  Miss  Mwry  Francea 
Eichiu-djkjn  Currer. 

Thia  lady  was  descended  in  the  male 
line  from  tbe  family  of  Richardson,  of 
BitTley  in  Craven ;  and  throug^li  her  great* 
gratidmiitber,  tbe  wife  of  Richard  Iticb- 
ardson^  M.D.,  was  tbe  repreaenlative  of 
tbe  ancient  tainily  of  Currer,  of  Kildwick, 
in  tbe  same  district  of  Yorkshire.  Her 
father,  tbe  Kvv.  Henry  Richardson,  M.A*, 
Rector  of  Thorn  ton- in -Crjiven,  bad  inar- 
ritjd,  m  1783,  Muri^aret  Clive,  only  daugh- 
ter of  Matthew  VVikon,  Esq*,  of  Eshion, 
by  France*,  duu^Ut^r  of  Richard  Olive, 
Es^f,  oi*  iStych,  in  SbropaUirej  and  in 
June,  1784,  on  the  death  of  his  uncle, 
John  Richardson  Currer,  Esq.,  unmarried, 
bad  succeeded  to  the  Kildwck  estates, 
and  taken  the  additional  name  of  Cuirer; 
but  hi.4  premature  death  enflued  in  No- 
vember uf  the  suiiue  yi^ta,  when  he  left  an 
only  and  infant  chid,  tbe  lady  now  de- 
ceased, born  at  Esbton-ball  on  March  3, 
1785. 

It  in  remarked  by  Mr.  NiclioK  in  bis 
**  Literary  lUastrations  of  the  Eigliteentb 
Century,"  aftw  giving  some  account  of 
her  learned  ancestors,  that  Miss  Currer 
inherited  all  tbe  taste  of  the  Hicbardson 
family,  **  having  collected  a  very  large  and 
valuable  library,  and  also  pouesaing  a  fine 
collection  of  prints,  shelhi,  and  fooils,  in 
addition  to  wh  it  were  collected  by  her 
great-grandfather  and  great -uncle." 

In  1820  she  printed,  privately*  (W  mpies 
only  of)  a  t'atidogue  of  her  library,  which 
was  compiled  by  Mr.  HoUert  Triphook, 
bmk seller,  of  London ;  and,  in  1833,  an 
entirely  new  one  waa  made  by  Mr.  C.  J. 
Stewart,  bookieller,  of  London,  aud  one 
hundred  copies  prinlei).  Tbe  latter  la 
iiluAt rated  with  four  beautiful  local  views 
by  F.  Mackenzie,  from  sketches  by  Mr. 


90 


JUitt  Currer. — Rev.  John  Stevens  Henslow. 


[July, 


Stewart.  Of  these,  the  two  interiors  of 
the  Library  and  Drawing-room  were  trans- 
ferred to  the  "Literary  Renuniscences " 
of  the  Rev.  T.  F.  Dibdin,  D.D.  (1836), 
where  we  find  the  following  remarks : — 

*'  Miss  Cnrrer  is  not  a  collector  at  the 
caprice  of  a  day.  From  earliest  youth  her 
passion  for  reading  and  amassing  books 
has  been  extreme;  and  fortunately  her 
means  enable  her  to  gratify  this  passion 
to  an  extent  of  placing  her  at  the  head 
of  all  female  collectors  in  Europe.  In 
fact,  as  I  have  often  remarked,  this  lady 
is  a  sort  of  modem  Christina  of  the  North. 
But  she  has  been  fortunate  in  building 
a  superstructure  upon  a  broad  and  splendid 
foundation.  The  Bierley  Library,  de- 
Mending  with  the  property  of  her  great- 
g^randfather  Dr.  Richardson,  has  enabled 
her  to  erect  one  of  such  splendour  and  ex- 
tent as  to  fill  two  rooms,  whose  united 
lengths  (besides  a  bay  window  in  each 
room  of  fourteen  feet  by  twelve)  are 
seventy-six  feet  by  twenty-four  feet  in 
width,  and  sixteen  in  height.  The  first 
of  these  rooms,  of  forty  feet,  is  the  library, 
properly  so  called ;  the  second  is  the  draw- 
ing-room, but  equally  devoted  to  books 
as  the  first.  A  third  room,  on  a  smaller 
scale,  but  to  be  fitted  up  with  furniture 
equally  hibliomaniacal,  is  in  contemplation, 
to  which  a  conservatory  is  to  be  attached." 

The  mansion  was  partially  rebuilt  in 
1825,  that  portion  containing  the  library 
being  new. 

The  collection  was  thus  characterized 
in  the  Advertisement  prefixed  to  the 
Catalogue : — 

"  The  Library  has  been  collected  solely 
with  a  view  to  utility ;  yet  in  those  works 
usually  considered  ornamental  and  curious, 
it  possesses  specimens  of  no  cooimon  oc- 
currence. In  the  Natural  Sciences,  To- 
pography, Antiquity,  and  History,  it  is 
more  particularly  rich;  and  the  Manu- 
scripts, although  not  numerous,  are  in- 
teresting and  valuable.  [Amongst  them 
is  the  Correspondence  of  Lord  Dacre, 
Warden  of  the  West  and  Middle  Marches, 
fh>m  June,  1523,  to  August,  1524.]  The 
books,  individually,  are  in  the  finest  con- 
dition, and  not  a  few  of  them  in  the  richest 
and  most  tasteful  bindings." 

The  number  of  volumes  was  estimated 
AS  fifteen  thousand  by  Dr.  Dibdin,  and  at 
twenty  thousand  in  Burke's  *<  Seats  of  Great 
Britain,"  1852. 
•     In  1836  MiM  RichardMMi  Cnrrer  was 


also  at  the  expense  of  producing  nnother 
volume,  being  "  Extracts  from  the  Literary 
and  Scientific  Correspondence  of  Richard 
Richardson,  M.D.,  F.R.S.,  of  Bicrky, 
Yorkshire,"  8vo.  This  wa^  edited  by  the 
late  Mr.  Dawson  Turner,  of  Yarmouth; 
being  a  selectiou  of  about  one-eighth  part 
of  the  correspondence,  chiefly  on  botanical 
subjects^  (and  filling  twelve  folio  volumes 
of  manuscript,)  of  Dr.  Richardson,  Miss 
Currer's  great-grandfather.  Of  this  pri- 
vately printed  work  the  number  was  250. 

Miss  Currer  was  an  intimate  friend  of 
the  great  bibliomaniac  Richard  Heber, 
who  filled  many  houses  with  his  books. 
It  was  even  rumoured  that  they  mi^ht  be- 
come united  by  a  tie  more  permanent  than 
that  of  kindred  pursuits  in  literature. 
This,  however,  is  now  a  tale  of  times  gone 
by,  and  Heber's  treasures  are  long  since 
dispersed.  It  is  believed  that  Miss  Currer 
intended  her  library  to  remain  as  an  heir- 
loom at  Eshton-hall,  which,  having  been 
the  property  of  her  mother,  is  now  owned 
by  her  half-brother  Matthew  Wilson,  Esq. 

The  surname  of  Currer  was  assumed 
in  1801  by  the  Rev.  Danson  Richsrdson 
Bonndell,  M.A.,  the  cousin -german  of 
Miss  Currer,  being  the  third  son  of  the 
Rev.  William  Roundell,of  Gledstone,  York- 
shire, by  Mary  Richardson,  sister  to  the 
Rev.  Henry  Richardson,  the  father  of  the 
lady  now  deceased.  He  married,  in  1815, 
Hannah,  elder  daughter  of  Sir  William 
Foulis,  Bart,  and  has  a  numerous  fauiily. 


RXV.  JOBUt  STBVBN8  HSNBLOW,  M.A.» 

F.L.8.,  &C. 

Jfoy  16.  At  his  residence,  the  Rectory- 
house,  Hitcham,  Suffolk,  aged  65,  the  Rev. 
John  Stevens  Henslow,  M.A.,  F.S.A.,  &c. 

This  distinguished  naturalist  and  ex- 
cellent man  was  the  son  of  a  solicitor 
at  Rochester,  and  grandson  of  Sir  John 
Henslow,  sometime  Master  of  the  Dock- 
yard at  Chatham.  He  was  bom  Feb.  6, 
1796;  and  was  educated  at  the  Free 
Grammar-school,  Rochester,  and  St.  John's 
Colleg<>,  Cambridge.  He  gradnat«  d  as  a 
Wrangler  in  1818,  and  became  M.A.  in 
1821.  In  1819  he  took  a  geological  tour 
in  the  Isle  of  Wight  with  Professor  Sedg- 
wick, daring  which  the  idea  of  founding 


1861 .]       Bet.  John  Stevens  Wenilow,  M.A.,  F.L.S.,  t^e. 


91 


the  Cnmljriilge  P!iilo«>i\bicttl  Society  ori* 
(('mat€»d  Iwrtween  them.  It  w««  carried 
into  ciecQtion  loon  after  their  return  to 
Omiliridja^t*  in  the  autwinn  of  that  ycsir, 
tti  182S  li«  WM  elected  Professor  of  Miner- 
Alogj  At  C»iiibridge]  which  canscd  nmch 
13li|^4tion  In  the  Umvertity,  not  coocem- 
Ing  bim  peraonnlly,  but  relative  to  the 
mode  of  eleetit:itu  (8ee  Cooper's  Ann.  ot 
Camli.,  ir.  &:)6.)  In  1823  he  itiarried 
Harriet,  daughter  of  the  Rct.  George 
Jenyuft,  of  Bottiahiiiii-ball,  Cambridgeshire* 
Id  18^4  he  wu  ordaitiecl  rteacon  ntid  priest. 
On  Ibo  de&tb  of  Professor  T,  Murtyn, 
a  tliflSiinilty  again  arose  relative  to  the 
^\X  of  appointing  bis  saoeesM^r  ai  Pro- 
of Botany,  which  was  terminated 
hj  the  Crown  raaking  it  a  patent  office 
in  favoar  of  Mr.  Henslow«  and  endowiug 
tt  «)tb  a  nominal  stipend  of  £200.  Thii 
appointment  took  place  in  1827. 

The  Prolefisor  took  mui'h  interest  in 
contested  elections  for  the  town  of 
^mbritlge  as  lung  a«  be  resided  there, 
J  supported  the  Libend  party. 
'  prcvionsly  held  saooeasiTely  the 
■1  curacy  of  St.  Mary  the  LeM» 
\  Cjimbhflge,  »nd  the  Rectory  of  Cholsey, 
he  was  presented  in  1837  to 
f!i|jpieeUcnt  Crovm  living  of  Hitcham, 
'Mfbtk,  where  he  settled  peruiauently  in 
18S9>  Ho  was  not  a  party  man  in  Church 
iit*tl«rs»  bnt  endeavoured,  with  eminent 
meoeaSi  to  improve  a  very  neGrlected  place, 
no  that  HitcbaTn  is  now  known  as  a  model 
pariah.  He  ettabUshed  an  excellent  scliool, 
paying  ftiljy  half  the  exjiense  him- 
If,  and  soon  introduced  botany  into  it 
I  nn  extra  and  optional  study*  which  was 
kly  taken  up  with  enthuuosm  by  many 
girls,  who  have  much  bimeftted 
lie  commenced  a  system  of  allot- 
nt,  which,  although  much  opposed  at 
at  by  the  furmera,  has  tended  greatly 
t^i  improve  the  character  of  the  labourers 
His  mk^  for  allotments  are  eicellent,  and 
ar»  now  adopted  in  many  other  parishea. 
I  eritabUsbcd  various  clul«s,  by  which  the 
people  arc  enabled  to  assist  them- 
I  avoid  the  degradation  of  pariah 
r  iir  application  for  private  charity,  in 
•m  CBfca  where  previously  they  had  no 
Also  be  formed  u  cricket- 


clnb,  and  introduced  other  atldetic  games 
among  the  younger  men.  He  was  in  the 
habit  of  taking  one  or  more  excursions 
with  liis  poorer  parishioners  in  each  sum* 
mer,  the  expense  being  defrayed  chiefly 
by  a  small  weekly  payment  made  by  them 
in  advance.  They  thus  visited  Ipawich, 
Cambridge,  Norwich,  and  even  London, 
being  conducted  by  the  Professor,  and 
visiting  such  things  as  be  thought  might 
interest  and  instruct  them.  But  the  Horti- 
cultural Society  established  for  Lis  parish 
is  perhapi  more  generally  known  than 
any  of  the  above-mentioned  plana.  It  bos 
long  held  two  meetings  yearly  on  the 
Eectory  lawn,  with  eminent  mecess.  At 
these  shows  the  Professor  usually  ex- 
hibited A  collection  of  interesting  scien- 
tific and  economic  objects,  and  described 
some  of  them  in  short  lucid  addressei^ 
which  he  denominated  lectureta. 

He  was  ono  of  the  most  active  pro* 
moterS)  and  for  many  years  the  President, 
of  the  Ipswich  Museum. 

The  Professor's  published  works  are  not 
▼ery  numerous,  nud  scime  of  them  are 
pamphlets  of  only  local  and  temporary 
interest.  The  following  may  be  men- 
tioned : — "  A  Geolog^ical  Description  of 
Angbsea"  (Cainb.  Philos.  Trans,,  voL  i.), 
is  the  foundation  of  our  knowledge  of  the 
structure  of  that  island*  **  The  l^inciplefl 
of  Descriptive  and  Physiological  Botany,** 
is  one  of  the  tteareiit  and  most  philoso* 
phical  treatises  that  we  possess  upon  the 
elements  of  that  science.  Two  editions 
of  "A  Catalogue  of  British  Plants,"  in 
which  the  flora  of  Cambridgeshire  is  indi- 
cated. "  An  Account  of  Roman  Antiquities 
found  at  Koughaiu/"  in  Nortolk ;  a  rare 
and  interesting  pamphlet.  Essays  on  the 
•'  Diseases  of  Wheat,"  {R.  Agr.  Soc.  Jouru.^ 
vol.  ii.  and  iii.)  **  A  Dictionary  of  Bot^ini- 
cal  Terms.*'  He  also  took  an  active  part 
in  Mnnnd's  "  Botonist,*'  and  in  the  **  Flora 
of  Suffolk,*'  recently  published  in  oonjunc- 
tiou  with  Mr.  Edmund  Skeppor,  of  Bury 
St.  Edmund's. 

In  conclusion*  he  was  an  attractive  and 
popular  lecturer,  a  soccessful  teacher  of 
science,  an  admirable  parochial  mitiister, 
a  kind'he:<rted  and  generooa  man,  and  an 
earuest  practical  Christian. 


92 


Major  Charles  Nasmyth. — Clergy  Deceased.  [Julji 


Majob  Chaslis  Nasvtth. 

June  2.  At  Pao,  Baases  Pyr^n^ea,  aged 
85,  Charles  Naamyth,  Major  Unattached, 
and  eldest  son  of  Robert  Nasmyth, 
F.R.C.S.,  Edinburgh. 

The  dece.ised  was  bom  in  1826,  and  re- 
ceived an  edacation  to  fit  him  for  the 
Indian  service. 

**  Tn  1843  he  was  nominated  a  cade^  of 
the  H.E.1.C  S/s  seminary  at  Atidiscombe, 
and  in  1845  passed  an  examination,  and 
was  appuinte<l  direct  to  the  Bombay  Ar- 
tillery. Having  lost  his  health  by  service 
in  Guzerat,  he  was  sent,  in  1853,  to  Eng- 
land on  sick-cert 'ficate,  whence  he  was 
rpconimended  to  take  change  of  air  in  the 
Mediterranean.  After  a  short  stay  at 
Malta  he  proceeded  to  Constmtinople, 
and  thence  to  Omar  Pasha's  camp  at 
ShuD-.la.  From  Shuinla  he  visited  the 
Bobmdscha,  after  it  was  vacated  by  the 
Tnrks,  supplying  information  to  Lord 
Straford  de  Redcliffe  regarding  th«*  state 
of  the  country.  Having  reach^  Silis  ria 
in  the  month  of  May,  ere  yet  the  siet^e 
had  commenced,  he  made  his  services 
avail ible  to  the  garrison;  and  for  do'ng 
so  he  r«>oeive<i  the  approbation  of  both  the 
English  and  I'urkish  Governments, — the 
latter  aocompunied  by  medals  for  the 
campnign  of  the  Danu>>e,  siege  of  Silistria, 
and  the  Order  of  the  Me^jidie.  The  hard- 
ships, privations,  and  anxieties  of  that 
period  again  shattered  his  health,  and  he 
wtis  for.Bome  Ume  afterwards  laid  aside  at 
Constantinople,  having  lost  all  his  personal 
property. 

**  In  1854  he  was  transferred  from  the 
East  India  Company's  Service  to  the 
Royal  Army,  with  which  he  served  in  the 
Crimea,  and  obtained  the  medal,  with 
clasps,  for  Alma,  Inkermann,  and  Se- 
bastoi>oL 

'*  From  the  Crimea  he  was  invalided  on 
account  of  bad  health,  and  returned  to 
England. 

«  He  was  then  appointed  to  the  Kil- 
kMiny  district  as  an  Aasistant-A^jntant- 
Oeueral ;  afterwardi  as  Brigade-Miijor  at 
the  CuiTiigh;  and  later,  Brigade-Migor 
and  Dapafy-Asnitant  A^jntant-Oenmd 
in  DuhUn.  At  the  Comigh  his  health, 
howevar,  had  been  fhrtber  damaged,  and, 
not  rallying  in  Dublin,  lie  was  transferred 
to  Aas&alia;biit  disease  had  taken  too 
■troug  a  hold  on  him,  and  he  was  inva- 
Udi-d  homi*  in  the  end  of  1859,  when  he 
iMCbed  Pfeo,  in  the  south  of  France, 
where  he  remained  until  hts  death.  It 
will  be  in  the  reoollecti<m  of  our  readers 
thiitbefteedom  of  this  dty  [Edinburgh] 

11 


was  in  the  most  flattering  manner — after 
his  gallant  and  successfal  defence  of  Si- 
listria— conferred  upon  Major  Nasmyth, 
and  all  mu«t  lament  the  early  removal  of 
one  whose  professional  skill  and  pergonal 
gallHUtry  effected  so  eariy  and  important 
sucees!«e*  in  the  Turkish  campaign. 

*'  It  will  be  a  ronsolation  to  his  friends 
to  know  that  he  faced  the  last  enemy  with 
tlie  same  composure  an«l  courage  which 
distiiiguiiihed  his  whole  career,  and  with 
the  resitf  nation  becoming  a  Christian." — 
Edinlmrgh  Cowrant, 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

March  15.  At  Grubamstown,  South  AfHea, 
the  Rev.  John  Hearytide,  for  many  yean  Colonial 
Chaplain,  Mr.  Heavy«ide  was  a  native  of  Fins- 
thwaite,  near  Ulventon,  and  the  **  UlTerston  Ad- 
Tertiaer'*  thus  notices  his  deoeaae  :— **  He  was 
a  man  of  superior  talents,  and  of  a  highly  col- 
tiyated  mind.  During  the  course  of  his  activa 
and  eventful  life,  he  had  opportunities  of  becom- 
iuR  acquainted  with  some  of  the  most  eminent 
men  in  literature  in  Scotland  and  Germany, 
where  he  was  for  some  time  a  resident.  For  the 
last  thirty  years  of  hit  life  he  ha«  been  Colonial 
Chaplain  of  Grahamstown ;  from  the  proximity 
of  that  city  to  the  Kaffir  frontier,  he  became  con- 
rersaat  with  all  the  scenes  of  warfare  in  that 
distracted  part  of  the  Cape  colony,  in  conikcqaence 
of  the  Kaffir  inroads.  In  1852  he  was  obliged  to 
Tisit  England  from  lU  health.  On  his  return 
to  the  ecene  of  his  labours,  the  vessel  in  which 
be  sailed  was  wrecked  at  the  entrance  of  Algoa 
Bay ;  but  after  two  days  and  two  nights  of 
anxious  suspense,  he  and  his  daughter  were 
most  proTidentially  rescued,  by  another  Temel. 
Mr.  Hearyside  had  recently,  after  his  health 
began  to  fidl,  obtained  leave  of  absence,  with 
a  view,  probably,  of  revisiting  his  native  land, 
which  had  previously  proved  so  beneficial ;  but, 
before  this  could  be  accomplished,  his  active  and 
useful  life  was  brought  to  a  close,  amidMt  the 
deep  regret  of  those  among  whom  he  so  long 
and  faithfolly  Uboured.** 

April  80.  At  New  York,  aged  70,  the  Right 
Bev.  B€t\famin  TrtadwtU  Onderdonk,  D.D., 
Protestant  Bishop  of  that  dty.  He  was  of  an 
old  Dutch  &mily,  and  was  bom  at  New  York  in 
1791.  At  an  early  age  he  was  sent  to  Columbia 
College,  where  he  graduated  with  some  di»tine- 
tkm,  and  went  through  a  thorough  course  of 
•oclesiaBtioal  studies.  In  the  year  1818  he  was 
duly  ordained  a  minister  of  the  Prot*«tant  Epi- 
soopal  Church,  and  was  almost  immediately  after 
appointed  assistant  minister  of  Trinity  Church, 
of  which  Dr.  Berrian  then  was  and  still  continues 
to  be  the  rector.  During  his  connection  with 
Trinity  Dr.  Onderdonk*s  career  was  of  the 
brightest  cbsracter.  As  a  man  he  was  univer- 
sally beloved,  and  as  a  preacher  his  repuUtion 
was  seoQod  to  none.    Ue  became  in  a  short  tima 


1861.] 


ler^j  Deceagea 


«) 


%  tntn  <*i  tueh  proxntnrnee that,  the  ^n%l  of  Sotre- 
Ury  tn  ihe  DtoevMH  CanvenUon  becomijjg  ra- 
cbuI,  lie  WM  advmnced  ta  fill  tbal  office;  And 
wlien  tlw  dentiw  of  Dr.  Hobtirt  ocourrctl  In  t&3(», 
Dr.CliMierdoak  wm  dnlf  coniftcrated  Bisbop  of 
If pw  Vork.  In  St.  John*«  Ch&peU  ThrouKh  thp 
ftg«ncj  of  hU  uamerous  rri«nd«.  the  income  of 
hu  dioMie  vat  griAtlf  lncr»>ed.  «uid  he  grnve 
Qp  hU  eoBoeecUm  with  Trinltj  Cbnrcb.  The 
dlocMe  VTM  divided,  Dr.  Onderdonli  retajninir 
Ui««M(UTn  wctlon.  About  rourtee-n  jretin  after 
bift  eoiLMcraiioD,  in  1M4  (wu  belieTe),  a  oireum- 
atiiliee  uccuirvd  wblch  cnAt  a  cloud  over  hut  cha- 
neter.  A  charire  of  indiscreUon  in  cotidi^ct 
waa  |>referr»d  agalnat  htm.  whit^h  rcnUted  in 
bU  bdnf  ladcftnitdj  afiaiieiided  from  vpiaeopal 
fluietluna  by  command  of  tbe  House  of  BUhopa. 
The  •u»peAiaioti  took  place  on  Jin.  S,  184 j,  btjit 
Btiihop  Onderdonk  nftver  made  vbat  can  be 
called  a  etraf^aaioQi  and  a  Btrong  Ti^liiig  was 
maniieated  In  hit  farour  bj  wdnn  frienda,  who 
rrffarded  Mm  as  u  perjieouted  man.  The  l>la> 
€««ao  OoDvrntion,  hi-ld  ht  New  Ynrk  two  yeara 
agOi  *d«fyte4  a  petition  to  the  General  Conven* 
tioB  of  th*  United  State«,  aaking  that  Bt«hop 
ODderdODk  be  fnllf  rwtored  to  fimuUotifl.  The 
petldofi  waa  not  ftuaeearfUl^  altbougb  the  lower 
booae  pMaed  It  by  a  large  vote.  Tbe  Imroedlare 
oaiue  of  lil«  deatk  wks  cardiac  dropey,  from 
whleb  he  bnd  louff  fluffcrcMt,  bat  the  fatal  i«sue 
ia  belicTod  to  ba«'e  been  haatcacd  bf  the  mental 
faclt^ment  c^UAed  bjr  the  reftiaal  of  the  petiLlon. 

Mtty  16,  Aired  59,  the  Rey.  BUhttrd  Fotry^ 
BeclOf  of  ^ortb  C'adbary,  Somerset. 

ifo!f  lit.  At  Surbiton,  Surrey,  tbe  Rev.  TfercMce 
Ziri>»iyixtoH*t  Eeolor  of  Big bury^  Devon. 

At  bi«  rnidenet,  Njreolls  Nymeti,  near  Bow, 
Kortb  i»erao,  aged  SO,  Ui«  Eev.  H.  A .  Muffhea^ 

Aged  M,  tbe  Bct.  John  Prtit^n  Beynot^t^ 
Bettor  of  Neotoa,  Ib  Norfolk, 

At  Prieat^bottie,  D^maybrook,  near  Dublin, 
ng«d  ea,  tbc  BcT.  S,  Hunt,  Rector  of  Virginia, 
«»»  Qltaa,  Ireland,  and  Vicar-General  of  the 
dtoocae  of  Slpbin,  co,  Rcwcommon« 

Jr.ty28,  The  Ten.  Jttmtt  Uiniam  FnnUr, 
LL.D.f  Treafurcr  and  Vtear^en.  of  limerick, 
Artbdeaeon  of  Agbadoe,  mnd  Rvclor  of  Agbodoo 
«Dd  Tankardftown,  KlUiimcy. 

Jfay  M.  At  llttey  Rectory,  SiLrrey,  aged  64, 
111*  Hon,  and  Rot.  Qevrgt  Brodrick,  Ue  wua 
_bOfii  Aprfl  23,  1797,  and  waa  th«  aecond  ikid  of 
~  f  Bon.  and  Uoit  Ker.  Charles  Brodrick,  D,D^ 
tbbliibop  of  Duihell,  by  M»ry,  dan.  of  the 
bt  Rer.  Richard  Woodward,  D.D,,  Dinhop  of 
Oe  tbe  death  of  hi*  cousin,  the  fifth 
m  llldlctoo,  la  IHS,  bis  elder  brother 
Cbarlea  beea<i»e  Vlacotmt,  and  at  tbe  sunie  time 
tbe  deeemMHl  and  bin  brotben  and  RUlern  were 
imiied  to  Uia  rank  of  a  V1aeotLnt*«  sons  and 
daughtan  by  a  royai  warrant  Tbe  re?,  gentle- 
L  dML  uamarried,  and  \f^  now  ^mcceeded  as 
>  yriiiytiye  to  VUcount  Midieton  by  bis 
bcr,  the  Hon.  and  Iter.  W.  3.  Brod- 
rick, M.A.,  Canon  of  Wella,  who  has  a  large 
family. 

GsMT.  Mao.  Tol.  CCXL 


M/tfj  31 .  At  Batb»  aged  5tJ,  the  Hon.  ftnd  Rev. 
Frtdcrirk  Smyth  Monckton. 

Suddenly,  aged  33,  the  Rev.  C,  J,  A.  CiarkMon, 
M.A.,  tnoumbent  of  KirkUy  Harems  worth,  near 
Richmond,  Yorkabiro.  lie  had  retired  to  rest 
the  preceding  evening  in  hi»  uanal  iitjite  of  health. 
Tile  deeenBcd  was  formerly  Curate  of  »i.  Leo- 
nard'&,  Molton,  where  be  married ;  Mn,  Clark- 
eon,  with  her  la  fun  t,  wai  Ttulting  her  relaUven  at 
Malton  at  ttie  Ume  of  hia  d«ceaae. 

Junt  1 .  At  Hanadon  Rdeiory,  lierU,  aged  46, 
the  Hot,  B.  W.  Tha€ktra$. 

At  HoBtiugA,  After  three  days*  illneu,  aged  7 A, 
the  Uev.  Jttmes  Fredtrick  Laietcard^  Rector  of 
Perrivdle,  Middleaex* 

June  %,  At  the  Recvory,  Copford,  Eaaea.  Rged 
62,  tbe  Rev.  Kennett  Champnin  llanhut  second 
•on  of  the  Ute  Right  Hon.  8ir  John  Bayjey,  bart. 

JuHf  7.  At  the  Farnonage,  aged  H4,  tbe  Rev, 
Patrick  Brontif  InctiuibeDt  of  Ilawortb,  near 
Bradford.  He  waa  the  father  of  Charlotte.  Anne, 
and  EmHy  Jane  Broni^,  tbe  autburefMe^  oriprlnally 
well-known  aa  Currer,  Acton,  und  Ellin  BilL 
Mr.  BrontL^  wa»  bom  In  the  pariah  of  AbcllereTgh, 
60.  Down,  Ireland,  on  March  17,  1777,  Ilia 
fathei-  w»s  a  farmer,  and  hud  a  large  family, 
remarkable,  it  is  ioid,  for  phytic j1  fttrength  and 
personal  beaaty,  fiiruck  by  ttif  earty  intellectual 
aplhude  of  young  Patrick,  Mr.  Tighe,  the  Rector 
of  Dnimgooland,  eent  him  to  Engbud  to  be 
libemlly  educated.  He  eni^^red  St.  John>  CuUegc, 
Cnni 'bridge,  and  baring  graduated,  be  was  or> 
dnlncd,  imti  »ppointe«l  to  a  roraoy  in  EitN?x. 
Eiirly  in  the  present  century  be  wai  appointed 
to  the  incumbency  of  Hartinhead-oum-CUftoii, 
in  the  pariah  of  Halifax.  He  wan,  while  there, 
married  to  Mi^n  M-iria  Brnmwell,  of  Peoxance« 
He  removed,  about  IS  14,  with  hLi  wife  and  two 
children,  to  Thornton,  nrar  llradford,  hnvlng 
been  appohiicd  to  llic  curacy  there.  While  nt 
Thurntoo,  hh  children,  Chirlottc^  P»trick  Brnm- 
well, Krally  Jane,  and  Anne,  were  born.  In  l»2U 
he  mas  appointed  by  the  Vicar  of  Brudford  to 
the  incumbency  of  Iln worth.  Mr.  Bronte?  waa 
him  ••elf  un  author^  tmring  ut  dlfl'..FfoL  petioda 
written  and  published  two  small  volanic*  of 
poems,  chiefly  on  hamcly  and  rural  subject*,  and 
two  prcMiO  compO!«itionii,  one  a  tale  of  Irish  life, 
and  the  other  a  plea»iiig  little  narrative,  entitled 
*'  The  Cotttge  tn  the  Wood  ;  or,  The  Art  of  be- 
coming Rich  and  Uitppy." 

Junt  8.  AC  Kensington,  aged  30,  (be  Bev.  /««. 
Sktrrttt  Buird. 

Jhw  9.    At  Shroton,  the  Rev.  (?.  A .  Sepimer. 

Jun«  11.  At  the  Vicarage,  t^treai  ley.  BerkahirCi 
aged  1^1,  the  Rev.  JamtM  Itf^turi  Burgtta, 

In  Londun,  aged  5^,  the  iUsv.  Lov*%/ttit  OttU^f, 
H.A.,  Rector  of  Richmond,  Torkabire»  and  Oamm 
of  Ripon  Cathedral. 

Jun*  13.  At  Bawdon,  Cheshire,  aged  69,  the 
Rev.  BtMJnmin  Powett^  J. P.  for  Lancashire,  for 
31&  yoKTs  Incumbent  of  St.  George's,  Wtgsn. 

Juft*  14.  Aged  66,  tbe  RtV.  William  Giaitttr, 
M  .A.,  Rector  of  Beckley,  8uj»»ea,  wroetimc  Fellow 
and  Tutor  of  Univeniiiy  College,  Oifofd, 

At  Abbots  Morton,  after  an  UlneM  of  24  boars, 
aged  m^  the  Rev.  Thvma*  Watktr^  U.A.f  ^Univ. 


94 


Obitcary. 


[July. 


CtAU  Owm),  Fr^bcadify  of  the  Ooargialit 
Cbureh,  WolvvrbAmpKm,  ud  B#e(OT  of  Abbott 
If  ortorit  WoroMtmhire* 

At  th«  Rpcterjr,  Njnpiiflfftd,  OtoQec<t««tilrf. 
•ged  57,  tbe  BeT.  CharttM  TiUry,  Rfeetor  of 
Nfmpifteld. 

yHfti  l».  At  TmibHd^  Wells,  mgtd  43,  tile 
B«r.  J9Jm  L^on,  Inetirobcnt  of  Banlseii. 

Jmm0  IB.  At  Boulo|riie-«ar«MrT,  ^uddrnlr,  ttl 
diicaw  of  ih«  licart.  i^  4i»  ilie  Be».  flr«.«* 
iMkt  rfiff*.  Intmabont  of  Henbsm,  Wftttes-cm- 
Tkuuur<. 


DEATHS. 

iforri  S.  Of  dyfcnierr,  OQ  board  HJil.a, 
MPm^ut,"  Fetanitng  fl-om  ladia,  ■fed  35, 
Lieut.  Bearr  John  IkiirelU  too  of  tlfce  Ber.  & 
DoweU,  of  GoiiteJd,  Evex. 

JtforrA  15.  At  Kcwcartle,  Xew  SoQtb  Wateii, 
Jobn  Tliomaa  Bakrr,  eeq,,  J.F.»  son  of  the  lAte 
Robert  Baker,  eiq.,  Tomi  Clerk  of  Xewbary . 

JfarrA  17.  At  WAitArt,  New  ZeftLuid,  in  mo 
tngsgccaeot  with  the  eiietBf,  afed  XS,  Ednaad 
ClkBrlM  Macii«irbten,  K.A.,  ]roiixiire«t  aonof  Skt 
EdmoMtd  Muuirbtcn,  bsut.,  co.  ^intHxa. 

April  10.  At  Ids  reiidieEkce,  Uptoo^lMNiM^  An*- 
tnlind,  Watefn  AuatniUtk  •gvd  7%  Manhall 
^«acr  CUfteoo,  esq.,  F.R.5.,  lute  SecretAry  to 
tbo  Cootmlidoiieni  for  VictualUn;  R.M.'a  Kjitj. 

April  1 1.  At  St.  Paul  d«  Louida,  Wevt  Ca*«t 
of  AfHea,  afod  3&,  Jobik  WUlkm  Broimt  Mq., 
H.n,  %!.*•  Vtoe^Cooml,  e lde«l  Mm  of  tbe  late  J<^m 
Brown,  r^^  ofGkMiecater-plAce,  Portman^aq. 

April  15.  At  Btmxil,  Fcmoek  John  dc  Quin<«7, 
n^.,  U.D.tddeatBttrriTiaf  MMioftlielaleThoa. 
d*  ttniDevf . 

At  Ootafamim^  linik-OoL  FratieU  RittMl], 

Apr-  I  ,rt  WiBiain.  Calcutta,  ag«d  21, 

EUy,  -CoL  J.  B.  Dvniib^&A. 

J^r..  ,^.  .^.  ^  mbaUah,  a^td  X2,  M^or  Jobn 
AUlBAtft,  I9tb  Reft.,  TOfUBMl  aoD  of  U>«  la(« 
Adam  AtUBMA,  e«|.,  of  toebocile,  Nortbum- 
btrland. 

Clo  bla  Jflvmrf  from  PaUamMUatL  to  thf  NoJl- 
gtenlaa,  Aleiander  Frwer  Tytlcr,  eaq^  lient. 
inh  Btgt.  H^idi^a  NitiTv  UAiotry,  oldeM  aoa 
•r  ttot  Ute  Patrtok  l>awr  Teller.  «ii|. 

jr«y  I.  At  Oitrttt^,  a«vd  31,  CapL  Arthur 
WOttua  Ganii&lt.  uf  UM.*a  Bencil  EjiginttTK 
ftwmm%  Mft  of  Wb.  Oamvli.  m^^  of  Hat loe- 


OUrr 


A  t  rtirt  Vk-i 


«awOtk<i«ta.«r<teln«, 
M/.  75tA  lUsi.eMm 
CM    ^  r   OracroO,    HiVtdT  of 

Prr»!ti4ta. 

jy«f7.    A1  MidnM,  acrd  41,  WlOfMB  fidwrnrd 
Oicbrufh  «a^.,  of  Ube  Hadna  ClrQ  90nie«. 

41  DiAivnt.  lt|f«rG«Bbia,  AfHva,  /Ton  «  flkQ 
INm  litt  ban»»  1  J»«t.-Oi»l«  n&d#B. 
At  Cuux,  U^*  ti  QyMlK  apvl  tS,  bi  eof(i«#- 

U9«l.  «L  UM^  **  lame*  Wati.**  rtdait  ma  of 
Kil4  ««.•  «f  «^  Nodr,  nrm. 


JVoy  9.    At  FiiiHeMp  c»   Dnbllo*  otfcd 
CbartM  Ropof,  «^.    H«  wv  ihc  ddei*  •«  < 
Wm<  &o|»ef ,  e«i'  ^  ^^-^^^  *''^*  "^  *^  ^''^'  ^''^  ' 
Rirbiira  Henry  ^  ^  of  Oowb^  ( 

MonughaDj,  by  I  i    of  *»  R*l»*< 

iod  elder  brtHUei-  or  Ntr  u^tir;  Roper,  bat«  I 
Chief  Jtiitioe  of  Bonbaf. 
jooafOT  bn&eli  of  tbe  ftwdly  of  l^fd  T»| 
beliif  freat-graBdaofi  of  iha  ciirbib  Borofc. 
d«eeaae*t  wu  uartied,  and  ka»  left  U«a». 

Jfwy  1  J.  AtCoowwT,  NtllgiieTTk*,  U«ry,< 
dan.  of  9lr  WlUiam  DenfMO,  KX.B..  Govi 
of  Madna. 

Jf <V  1$,    At  Ctiflbid VUiji,  a^ed  9>* 
widow  of  tb«  late  Goorge  Dyier,  ta^.. 
lortan  of  the  UniTeralty  of  Cambtidfv, 
thie  «inriT«d  twenty  ye*ri^ 

At  St.  Gconre'a,  BermudA,  Uffl  31,  < 
wife  of  C.  T.  Abbott,  opq^  OTTfwa  mh  Bc«C, 

Jftfy  la.    At  Haylaoda,  Ryde,  lale  of  ^ 
aged  6A,  CsmpbeU  Lock,  evq.,  CapL  R.!C. 

ifiiy  19.     At   Elie,   Fife«hire,  i^ed  73,  1« 
Rankin,  widow  of  tbe  late  nintoo  Spalding.  < 
M-D,,  F.R.C..S*,  EdiD^t  "d  OBatoa  P  "  ' 
of  9L  Aiidr«w'i»  Jamaica. 

At  Broadlkld- boose,  CooiberliDd,  Afid  9B, 
Ocorgv  Ifenry  Hewitt- Oliphant.  eaq^,  ql  tbaft 
plftoe,  AMordinff  to  tbe  **  County 
be  WW  tb«  ooly  mo  of  tbe  Ut«  Cieociv  I 
C«q.,  by  Hary,  dm-  of  Joba  T  ' 
LrniKjiburgb,  and  farrandHAau.  and  beir  of  1 
Bodraon,  oq..  Laird  of  Fanld,  S,B.  i 
bora  in  1T93,  and  took  tbe  addltiocial  aai 
ATHM  of  OUpbaat  on  aiwceodi&g  i&  IHl  to  I 
«at>tea  of  bla  eoiuiB.  Henry  OUpbant,  eaq. 
vaa  a  in«giiitrmt»  and  depoty-lieut  for  Curobi 
land,  and  dlaebargcd  Ibo  offlese  of  Hlg b  Sb« 
of  that  HKinty  in  ia33L  By  Hia  wifi^,  Sarab,  dmai 
^  tbe  late  Robcft  Foiraaon,  esq.,  of  Barker 
Mfv^  Cumbertaad,  be  bAi  teft  iasat.  He  \ 
raecf«ded  by  bJa  aoo,  George  Henry 
OUphaat,  €«<i ,  B,A.,  of  Trinity  CoQegv. 
bridfft,  and  barricter-At4aw^  wbo  w«a  bom  ] 
l»  17,  The  deceased  repwoftted  a  bnacb  of  If 
bou««  of  Hewitt,  wbicb  ia  ennobled  In  tbe  | 
of  Vbcrivim  LifTorrl.— Loa^lsM  JSeKew. 

At   Atbenn,   Eliaa,  Co«ntw»  SaUaitia, 
dAV.  of  tbe  Ute  Sir  Goorge  Tiiiteb  bart,,  of  W«i 
I— rb,  Irelaad. 

Jfoy  11^.  Sqddeoly.  at  Dicpwalt  K.D,,  agvd  1 
tbe  Hon.  C%«.  Artbur  Xante*  Georgv  Asii»le 
He  waa  bocn  April  r,  IIUO.  cad  woe  ib»  •econd 
but  #ld»«t  eorriTinf  aon  of  Artbur,  yinaAt  iHd 
lotb  V^aeooBt  ValeoUa,  in  tbe  pecntfe  of  Irrlaad, 
by  ElMnor.  dan.  of  Henry  O^Briini,  «m|.,  of 
-park«  No 


jr^yll.  AtCnnboiw4QdgeiDo>Mti«fodfll, 
Mr*.  K.  Pooictaa,  daa.  of  tbe  lata  Joba  ttoo^laa, 
IkD.,  t<onl  Bt«b«p  of  Salivbtiry. 

At  HMTitTw,  Mar  £sc«er«  Marparat.  vife 
of  M^lor-Qcn.  P.  fbddy,  B JL 

At  Bnien-halU  Contleton,  Bipfd  CT,  Ofbbi 
Oawfard  AntPobtia,  r«}.  He  was  tb«  aeeotid 
«m  of  tbe  l»te  Joba  Aacrobttin,  ta^*^  bf 
Anne,  dan.  of  QSbba  €knwf>ifd,  fwfw  m 
ll.r.  I\ 


18G1.] 


Obituary. 


05 


of  ntn?enhopo«gb),  and  younger  br.  thcr  of  Sir 

Efltnuntl  ABtrcibiip*.  Iwrt..  of  Amesbury  Abbey, 

Wills  aud  L  I  ;.  near  Epsom,  Surrey. 

^!&«  woA  botTi  ^'duc^tcd  at  Eton  iind 

Ct*  Jobn't  Ci/     ,,  ,    Lridjfe,  whcrv  be  gra- 

dnated  M-A.  in  U2\.  The  docwiswl  gentleman, 
who  rcpre*ic!tited  Aldborouiirib  onJ  PlyiupUm  be- 
tween 18l»  And  l»30,  wnm  ii  Mafi^tmte  iind 
Dfpnty-Liout.  for  Citoisliire,  of  whlcb  county  be 
ftrrvrd  a»  High  Sbeiiff  in  IS54.  He  loiirriw!, 
flrftt,  In  is;?,  Jauc,  d»u.  of  the  lat<^  Sir  Coutta 
TYottcr.  bftrt„  Mho  ditnl  in  I82tl;  and  »econdly, 
la  UW,  Cbttriottc,  daa,  of  Sir  E,  Croflon,  burt., 
but  ifr»«  iLguin  l^ft  n  widower  in  J839.  Mr.  An- 
trubus  i»  4uecccdcd  by  bij*  eon  by  bis  fimt 
in«rrliig«,  Mr.  John  Coutt^  Antrobas,  who  wo* 
horn  in  185!»»  and  miUTicd,  in  1S55,  Fanny,  second 
dxti.  of  C.  SwvtcailiiLin,  esq.,  of  Someiford  Bot»tbA* 
— XAndtm  JUvine, 

At  Banipftleud,  aged  i%  Laura,  nldow  of  Mr. 
8e«ric«  Wu4c,  of  WoodbridgY*,  SofTolk,  niid  Itkil 
pi».»vtviTinr  Hn,|.  of  tbc  Rpv.  TboniiM  Cortbcrw,  of 
V  Abbey, 

I  ;«rctory ,  Norfolk,  o  ged  B8,  M&rgaii?t, 
nifc  uf  itie  lUir.  Edward  John  Howmon,  B«ctor 

of  IIC3W«U. 

I..  _  L — ^^tnync- Wilson  {inf^ntloned  at  p.  710 
"  «u   the   third   dun.    of   Geori^e 

(»  r«q,,  of  Uutton  JBuivhfl,  and  was 

bora  ID  i;d4.  She  married,  about  tbe  yeiu*  ISOS, 
thp  liiLr  Hiobard  Fountayne -Wilson,  cpq.,  of 
Mrltuii-tNirk.  near  iKyncantvr,  High  Sbt-rlff  of 
Yurkvblre  in  1807,  and  momc  time  tcprpspntative 
tjf  tbat  county  in  Parliament,  wbo««  uiolhcr  was 
Uiv  only  Fttrvlvliie'  dan.  and  beireM  4»f  ibe  Very 
Itev.  Dr.  Founteyne,  Dean  of  York,  by  bi^  ^' 
eond  wiff«  Vane,  only  dau.  of  CharU'R  Montugu. 
ew|r,  of  I'apptcwiek,  whicb  name  hUB  been  ok- 
Kusncf)  by  her  elder  &on,  tbc  pre^t-nt  Andrew 
MoQUgu,  ««q.,  of  Mvlton*pATk. --Lond»H  Review. 
M>»^  22.  t^aditunty,  ml  Ldiubnrgh,  Wm,  Mm-- 
dU  e*q.^  Daniab  ConKnl-OenemJ  for  Scotland* 
At  Kermoy,  eo.  Cork,  Frances  Elixabetb^  wife 
'  of  Uu'  ac*v.  Aru.nd4»l  Hid.  A.M,,  tleclor,  uud  dx*u. 
of  E.  F.  ^irattoa  Reader,  banker,  of  Handwith, 
Kent. 

At  CbeHeabam,  nged  5JI,  Mary,  relict  of  John 
Lontf,  cw[|.,  of  Uayloo-boUiMf,  WUta. 

In  iJublin,   Anna    Maria,   witiow  of   Fnincla 

Jlrttw.  r*q,.  nf  Mi)CoUup  Caatle,   Deputy -Lieut* 

eo.  Watf'rtufd. 

Mag  n.    In  DubUn,  agel  50,  Col.  W.  Oaratln. 

At  Ore*!  MaWern,  aged  S3.  Harriet,  w^dow 

.  WisxmAttT  KeniMKly,  formerly  Supcrin- 

llnir-»urgnm,  Uydrabad  Bubaidlary  Foroc, 

iJra*  Army. 

iHftftt,  aged  7<t,  Henry  rmuton  Tbomaon, 
I ,  M.a 

tfrtV  **'    1"  Si>uibwiek-eirt»c.,  aped  fi7,  Mary 
ktnna  3ktli;fitf,  widow  ol  \\\v  Her.  (feu.  Edward 
,  fUtttuf  • ' '  '     '  <  -k. 

,  Qfeinp*:  ,  Snrab  Cordelia, 

rtb**  1^  ■    '» ■    '  •— "ik  W  Wlc. 

r-bill,  Torquay,   Aleaander    Itobert 
,M.l).,  F.K.K 
ITtfy  IS.   At  III*  rc-iUb^nce,  Kofbe-houw.  U<>ch- 
il^l*,  dgfrd  lilt  Cteui^n  Ai'liwuitb,  etiij  ,  J.(% 


At  ^t,  Edmnnd'*  Heclor>%  SaUsbiiry,  ti^d  42» 
EliKa,  wife  t*f  tbe  llev.  T.  H.  Tgoke. 

At  Church-houAc,  Udimore,  aged  7fl,  %Ir.  Thoi. 
Wickhiitn,  formerly  of  Stone  Croiicb  and  Asb- 
bumboni,  for  ftfty-six  yeara  one  of  Her  Majesty's 
Yeotuen  of  the  Guard. 

At  Dulqubarran,  Ayrshire,  aged  79,  Mary 
Butler,  for  mxiy  years  a  faithful  aerrant  and 
friend  In  tbe  family  of  the  lale  Sir  Sam.  Bomllly, 

May  26.  In  MonUigu-pI.,  Ru»>el1-iiq.,  uged 
08,  Vice-Adm,  Conatantine  Itichard  Moonnm. 
See  OniTVART. 

At  Great  Yarmouth,  Charlotte  Francea,  dan. 
of  the  late  Rev.  J.  F.  Browne  Bohun,  Rector  of 
Dcbden,  Suffolk. 

A I  Biigbton.  aged  71,  James  T.  T.  Dixon,  esq  , 
Commander  ILN. 

At  Bathwiek,  aged  fiO,  Mita  nurrietl  Barry, 
dau.  of  the  late  Rev,  GainR  Barry,  ILtctor  of  Lit  tie 
Sodbury,  Gloueeatershlre,  and  for  upwArds  of 
forty  years  officiating  minister  of  Wakot  St. 
S  with  in,  Bath. 

At  CUftoa,  Mary  Eleanor,  wife  of  Major  W.  P. 
BJcbarda,  Royal  Artillery. 

At  Dtinaebton,  Invemeaa-^bire,  after  a  brief 
illne«a,  The  Mackintosh.  >*  Though  he  had  cun- 
iridcnibly  pastn^  the  alkiUed  span,  none  who  had 
recently  ^een  him  out  could  have  anticipatMl 
that  death  wa^  m  near.  He  took  a  great  Intereal 
in  the  Volunt<»«T  movement^  and  wa»  a  Uberol 
contributor  to  the  funds  of  the  Lucbaber,  Mer- 
chanta%  and  Clachnieuddln  Rifles.  The  lato 
Maukintoab  waa  born  In  Britjah  North  America, 
wb»re  the  family  have  considerable  property, 
and  W4%a  partly  educated  at  the  Ro\aI  Academy 
of  Invemeaa.  During  the  Americuo  w«r  of  1812 
b<^  eQ{H»untered  seTcre  losaca  at  tbe  baudH  of  Uio 
Americans.  He  waa  an  excellent  landlord,  a 
gmwi  countryman,  ei4imab1e  in  fumlly  and  KOcLal 
relattnns,  and  a  MacktntoAh  to  the  backbone. 
Wbibt  iio  many  of  the  ancient  fEimilies  in  tbe 
county  have  gone  down  and  eunk,  leaving  of 
land  p«rb;tps  only  a  burying-ground,  the  ^klack- 
intu(f>be«  have  been  addmg  to  their  poa«csaion». 
Tbe  Mackintosh  waa  twice  married.  By  hia 
ftccQind  wife,  a  danghter  of  the  late  Macleod  nf 
PaWey,  he  leaver  xereral  children.  Thp  eldest 
son,  Alexander  Eneoa,  now  in  hiis  sixteenth  year, 
who  aucceeda  to  the  exlenaire  entatcs  In  tbo 
parlahea  of  Invemcaa,  Dores,  Croy,  Davlut,  Moy, 
Alrle,  Kingtiasic,  Laggan,  and  Kilmonlvalg,  aa 
twenty-uintb  of  Ifaokint^h  and  twenty-fourth 
Captain  of  Clan  Chatian,  is  a  youth  of  great  iiro- 
miae,  receiving  bia  edncailon  in  France.  The 
burying-place  of  the  family  ii  in  the  ancient 
ebapel  Mttacbed  to  the  ebureh  of  Petty,  and  tbe 
funeral  took  place  on  Monday  the  3rd  of  June." 
Intprticut  Adrn'titter. 

May  37.  At  Einioulh,  Devon,  the  Hon.  Mr*. 
Wellington,  second  duu.  of  George,  13th  Vlseoiml 
Hereford. 

At  tbe  Vicarage,  Harrietle,  wife  of  the  Kev.  F. 
Bryans,  Vicar  of  Backford. 

At  Canterbury-,  Suiuut,  dau.  of  the  lute  Heitrj 
Godfrey  Fnn-^ett,  eatj.,  of  lIe|ij«inKton,  Kont. 

At  bis  nei^dcnee,  Malta,  uged  .V1,  t^dward 
Kuatchbull   Hughrs  DLdlett,  e*q  ,  Coituuandor 


1861,] 


Obitoaet. 


97 


MLtwItluiin,  Kent,  Lt.-CoL  Frpderick  For1>e.<» 
Brow,  lute  or  H.M^  I2lh  H«"fft-  Bombay  NM. 
At  OnMRieret   Marjr  Euphemia,   wife  of   Sir 
L^otDAs  NVooUtuttJvi   White,  bart.,  of  VVaUinir- 

At  MafTrnit  of  neuralgia,  whifsh  suddenly 
Attack  eel  the  b<?art,  aKvd  30,  Arthinirton,  <»oc£>nd 
•era  of  ^r  W.  Woraluf,  bart,  of  UuvingliHtn, 
YorlulilrQ. 

At  Oudigftn,  Maria  EUi»beth.  «Idei>t  dau.  of 
,  Ibe  late  Bev.  Bector  Davie*  Morgan,  M.A.,  for- 
uerl;  of  Castle  Hedingbiun,  Eeaex. 

Jtifte  i,  Xi  Harapton  Bifthop,  tI«reford,  aged 
1\.  Ann,  widow  of  Col.  Wcare,  K.Q.,  Aldc-de- 
C*nip  to  the  Qne«n. 

At  Culdrain  by  nnntly,  aged  71,  fJtTi.  Gordon, 

H.A.,  of  Cnldntln.  He  was  the  «on  of  Col.  Gordon, 

Of  Ooyuneb^t.  His  futbcr  wjrrwl  long  in  the  fl2nd, 

luting  get  bi«  Hppolntmerit  in  it  when    tb^t 

I  ve^imcni  wm  ruLftcd  by  tbe  Mnrqnip  of  Uitntly. 

I  Th«  iidccBAQd  cnCcrvd  the  Royal  Anillcry  when 

I  YCty  young,  and  aa  early  aa  1S06  hud  attained 

»  the  rank    of   ilrst   lieutenant.      Be   bad    long 

retired  from  active  scrricc  and  bad  become  a 

Ihriving  agriciilturi*t. 

June  5.  In  Clarendon*terrace,  Kcnuington-pk., 
•ugt^d  75,  Willbm  Mocllonougb,  esq.,  tate  Prin* 
eip*il  of  the  Power  of  Attorney  Office,  Bank  of 
Ungland,  and  flay-fcmr  yean  olcrk  In  that  e*ta> 
bUabment. 

At  Bromley-ocnntnoii,  Kent,  ElUibetb,  relict 
of  tbe  Her.  WilUajn  Motierbam  MeQulre,  of 
Liverpool. 

Ju-  «0.  At  Tarin,  Count  Carottr.  SeeOsrrrAar. 

In  Princct'tcrraoe^  Hyde^park,  aged  40,  Albert 
'  John  Uambroagb,  e^q,,  F.L.S.f  F.U.S.,  of  Stccp- 
Mll  Cattle,  Isle  of  WiRht. 

At  Fincbley,  EEi^t^abctti,  foorlh  dan.  of  the 
late  Rev.  Anthony  AlUnsun,  of  Long  Benton» 
KfNTthaniberLand. 

At  St.  Sidweira,  Exeter^  Lieut.  Macdoaiald. 
BevDaiTVAaT. 

Jmit  1.  At  Grey  well,  HanU,  tbe  Rlgbt  Hon. 
Lady  Doreheater. 

Sqddfnly,  near  Horftbam,  aged  2S,  Lawford 
▲ndrewa  Ricbardion,  Capt.  ^th  Dni|ir<[>ui)  Goardj*, 
and  eldrat  mn  of  Lawford  KlchanlJion,  eiq.,  of 
EHham,  Kent. 

At  Kentoo.  Devon,  aged  il,  Thomas  Peregrine 
Dntrtenay,  e»q. 

At  Belmont,  Brighton,  aged  S3,  Anna  Prancea, 
wlte  of  DAvid  Brooke  Horrieion,  ckj.,  kte  of  the 
Bengal  Civil  Service, 

At  0*bome*pl.,  Plfmoatb,  aged  00,  Johanna 
CbtlMvtoc  wile  of  J.  K.  MoUtc,  of  U.M.'b  C«7lon 
Civil  Service. 

At  Monleigb  Rectory,  South  Devon,  aged  74, 
Wiliiam  G-mc,  gentlcnian,  tMrd  non  of  the  late 
Wm.  Carne,  gentleman,  of  Penzanee,  Cornwall, 

/mu  H.  At  Drigbton,  aged  26,  the  Hon.  Artbnr 

LXaywUowcinl  Legfe,  Llewi.  R.N.    Ho  wa*  the 

lllllhl  «oil  of  the  fonrth  Earl  of  Dartmotith,  by 

'  %itg  weoDd  marriage  wUb  Fmnccii,  second  dau. 

of  Oeoirfe,  ftfth  Viscount  Barrington.    He  be* 

aaaw  a  mate  in  the  Royal  Navy  in  1955,  and  re- 

oalvvd  •  ned«l  for  bis  actvlafs  in  the  Rnaaian 


At  Hawombe,  Devon,  aged  44,  Anr^e  Frnnceat 
wife  of  Sir  v\  alitr  Piilk  Carew,  bait.  Ht r  lo^ly- 
ahip  was  the  fiati.  of  the  late  Major-Oc^n.  Ta>lor, 
CD.,  of  Ogwcll-houne,  Devonshire,  for  fome 
time  Lieut.-Ooveinur  of  the  Royal  Military  Col- 
lege, Sandhurst,  arid  was  bom  in  1S17.  8be 
married,  Janoaiy  25,  1837,  Sir  Walter  Palk 
Carcw,  eight  biironpt,  of  Hut^eouibe  and  Tiver- 
ton Ca'-tlp-,  Dfvonsihire,  and  hus  hud  i^suc  one 
aon,  Walter  Pwik,  bom  April  13,  l»U,  and  two 
danghter#,  Elixithc'tb  Anne  and  Bcntrix. 

At  Clifton^  aged  61,  Franceft,  i-el^ct  of  John 
Synge,  esq.,  of  GUomore  Cnntle,  co.  WickloW| 
and  eldest  d»u.  of  the  late  Bir  Richard  Steele, 
bart.,  CO.  Dublin. 

Aged  53,  William  Vernon  Mitford,  late  Lieut.- 
CoL  9th  Bcogml  Cnvatry,  eldest  son  of  tbe  Ute 
Bertram  Jklitrord,  esq.,  LL.D.,  of  Ciontarf,  co. 
Dublin. 

At  her  residence,  King'n  Lynn,  aged  77,  Mm. 
Manhy,  widow  of  Edward  Manby,  esq.,  late  of 
KingV  Lynn,  and  of  East  Rndbam. 

At  Chvltoiiham,  ajred  8D,  Margaret,  reliet  of 
the  Rev,  J  Scholefield,  Itector  of  Barton-on-Uie- 
Uratb,  Wiirwitkukire. 

Charlef)  Uayner  Frecm»n,  esq.,  of  Upland-halt, 
near  Stowmarket. 

At  Kdinburgb Castle,  imddonly,  aged  &3,  iient.- 
CoL  A,  C.  Anderaon,  Fort  Major,  late  of  the  Baih 
Regt. 

At  Hoo,  aged  IDO,  Mr.  fJseklel  Smith,  a  native 
of  Daibuglioo. 

At  0#tend,  aged  33,  Richard  Clancy,  Ute  Cnpt. 
In  H.M-*ft  I5th  Rcgt,  of  Fyot,  youftffcsl  s-on  of 
Jobn  Clancy,  eisq,,  of  Killncmanagh,  co.  Dublin, 
and  of  Uiillinluugh  Dawn,  co,  Meatb. 

June  9,  At  CoJchcji,ter,  aged  91,  Lofe  Albert 
Parry,  esq.,  formeily  of  the  Ordnance  Depart- 
ment at  Uurwlcb, 

In  I>tndon,  ©ged  43,  Harriet,  wife  of  the  Rev. 
F.  A.  Mallesun.  M.A.,  of  Birkenhead. 

J$titt  Ift.  At  Norwich,  aged  ?a,  Elizabeth,  dsu. 
of  the  late  Rev.  Pbilip  WddeUoo&e,  Hector  of 
Bingbain.  and  Pn■l^enda^y  of  Norwich  Cathedral. 

Aged  73,  Catherine,  witlow  of  Cupl.  PLioeas 
Ryrie.  of  H.M.'s  Ttith  Uighlaadcrs. 

Fanny,  tbe  dau.  of  Adam  Murgatroyd,  manjr 
years  an  inbabitant  of  Pimlico^  nod  grand-dan* 
of  the  lule  Rov,  Wm.  Murgalroyd,  Vicar  of  West 
ITiiurToek  E*«*ex. 

At  Rrigbton,  aged  7tk,  Henrietta,  relict  of  the 
late  Tbomas  Lane,  ««q.,  formerly  oi  Farittdtma, 
Lingiield,  Surrey. 

At  tbe  residence  of  her  step-son,  Charles  H, 
Salmon,  Great  Berkbamstead,  Herta,  aged  Cg. 
Mary  Ann,  relict  of  John  f^almon,  Commander 
R.N,,  and  only  dan.  of  the  late  8amp«on  Lloyd, 
banker,  Lomhard-Rtreet. 

Jutti  It  AtM»rPHirtenoe,Cilouce8tfT-plac«,  aijcd 
M,  BcMJamm  Phillips,  e*<j.,  F.R.9.,  F.RX.H, 

Agvd6U  Howard  Fletcher,  estj.,  of  Spriwg-hlll- 
hoiue,  WalMail,  Staffordshire. 

Drowoe<J  at  Windcnnere,  aged  48,  CipL  Mat- 
thew Ford,  of  the  2iid  Lancashire  MUitio.  On 
that  day,  in  company  with  Capt.  George  F.  Park, 
formerly  of  the  55th  Kegt.  of  lufonlry,  and  Capt, 
Geo.  Huiuney  Rawliuson,  of  tbe  ^rd  Dragoon 


98 


Obituary. 


[July, 


Guards,  he  put  off  in  a  yacht  on  Windermere. 
The  weather  was  unfarourable,  and  there  was  a 
Btiff  breeze.  In  the  evening,  opposite  Stockport, 
a  sudden  squall  caught  the  vessel  and  capsized  it. 
All  on  board  were  thrown  into  the  water.  Capt. 
Bawlinson  clutched  the  edge  of  the  stem.  Capt. 
Park  was  seen  by  his  companions  swimming, 
first  under  the  mast  of  the  vessel,  which  hung 
horizontally  over  the  water,  and  then  striking 
away  towards  the  centre  of  the  lake.  He  had  not 
proceeded  far  when  he  sank.  Capt.  Ford  said, 
••There  goes  poor  Park."  Shortly  after  Capt. 
Ford  dropped  his  hold  of  the  boat  and  struck  out 
for  the  margin  of  the  lake.  He,  too,  sank,  and 
did  not  rise  again.  In  the  meantime  Capt.  Baw- 
linson, the  sole  survivor,  contrived  to  swim  on 
shore,  the  distance  beini;  from  150  to  200  yards. 
The  lake  boatmen  dragged  the  bottom  next  day 
and  recovered  tlie  bodies  of  Captain  Ford  and 
Capt  Park. 

June  12.  At  Muscovy-court,  Trinity-sq.,  aged 
68,  Geo.  Atchinson,  esq.,  architect. 

Suddenly,  at  St.  John*s-wood,  of  disease  of  the 
heart,  aged  60,  Charlotte  Sarah,  dau.  of  the  late 
Archibald  Brounlie,  esq.,  Vice-Consul  at  Madeira. 

At  Brompton-crescent,  Brompton,  Charlotte, 
widow  of  Oliver  Lang.  esq. 

At  Holland-house,  Blackheath,  aged  84,  Mrs. 
Sarah  Kimbcr,  relict  of  Wm.  Kimber,  esq.,  late 
of  Heslington,  near  York. 

June  13.  At  Cbilton-house,  Bucks,  Elizabeth 
Anne,  wife  of  the  Rev.  George  Chetwode. 

Emily,  widow  of  the  Rev.  George  J.  Cubitt, 
formerly  Rector  of  St.  Thomas',  Winchester. 

June  14.  At  his  residence.  South-villa,  Inner 
Circle,  Regent*s-pk.,  aged  76,  George  Bishop, 
esq.,  F.R.S.    See  Obitvabt. 

At  Dublin,  Thos.  Haswell  Quigley,  esq.,  M.D., 
late  of  the  Royal  Artillery. 

At  Milton-Brodie,  aged  68,  Henry  Jos.  Brodie 
Dunn,  esq. 

At  his  residenoe,  Canning-street,  Liverpool, 
aged  69,  Richard  Brooke,  esq.,  F.S.A. 

At  Torquay,  aged  64,  Capt.  Bruce  Roxburgh, 
formerly  of  the  6th  Bengal  Cavalry. 

June  15.  At  Upper  Holloway,  Jane,  relict  of 
Richard  Gash,  esq.,  and  niece  of  the  late  John 
Bell,  esq.,  original  proprietor  of  **  Bell's  Weekly 
Messenger." 

At  Plymouth,  Jane  Catherine,  relict  of  Wm. 
Cunningham  Bruce,  esq.,  Bombay  Civil  Service. 

At  Durham,  aged  76,  Honor  Ejrre,  of  Alfied- 
st.,  Bath,  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Anthony  Foun- 
tayne  Eyre,  Canon  Residentiary  of  York. 

June  16.  Aged  68,  John  James,  esq.,  of  the 
Shrubbery,  Holyboume,  Hants,  formerly  of  the 
Admiralty,  Somerset-house. 

At  Tjldesley  Parsonage,  near  Manchester, 
aged  45,  Elizabeth,  wife  of  the  Rev.  George 
Richards. 

At  the  Colosseum  Hotel,  Great  Portland-street, 
after  a  long  illness,  aged  65,  the  Very  Rev.  Peter 
Dominick  Smyth,  Catholic  Priest. 

At  his  residence,  Castlc-hill,  Walmer,  aged  66, 


Maj.-Oen.  Eaton  Monins,  Col.  of  the  8th  (King's) 
Regt.  He  was  one  of  the  few  remaining  Waterloo 
officers. 

At  his  residence,  Frant,  Sussex,  aged  67,  Thos. 
Budgen,  esq. 

At  Fluder-house,  King's  Kerswell,  Devon, 
aged  70,  Lieut.-Col.  Edward  Mason. 

At  Ewcnny  Abbey,  aged  70,  Lieut.-Col.  Tur- 
bervill,  K.H.,  late  of  the  12th  Regt.  of  Foot,  a 
Magistrate  and  Deputy-Lieut,  for  the  county  of 
Glamoi^n. 

At  Plymouth,  aged  86,  Anne  Emma,  widow  of 
the  Rev.  Edwin  M.  S.  Sandys,  of  Michaelstow, 
Cornwall,  and  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Robert 
Stapylton  Bree,  of  Trintagel,  Cornwall. 

June  17.  At  Brighton,  aged  68,  Lieut.-Col. 
John  Jopp,  late  of  the  Bombay  Engineers. 

At  Lymington,  Hants,  aged  76,  Edward  Hicks, 
esq.,  J. P.,  and  Chairman  of  the  Bench. 

In  Belgrave-sq.,  aged  74,  David  Baillie,  esq. 

At  Southsea,  Hants,  Margaret,  widow  of  Louis 
Madden,  esq.,  and  only  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 
Richard  Jordan,  Minor  Canon  of  Rochester 
Cathedral 

June  18.  At  Vichy,  aged  57,  Anna  Maria,  wife 
of  Capt.  Gustavus  Evans,  R.N.,  of  Lansdowne- 
place,  Brighton. 

At  Highgate,  aged  68,  Ann  Caroline,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  John  Cook,  esq.,  of  the  same 
place,  and  of  the  Navy-offlce,  Somerset-house. 

At  Oval-house,  Kennington-park,  aged  29,  Ann 
Margaret,  second  dau.  of  the  late  F.  Devon,  esq. 

June  19.  In  Piccadilly,  aged  57,  Rear- Admiral 
the  Hon.  John  Frederick  FitzGerald  de  Ros. 

At  Bath,  aged  88,  Mary,  widow  of  the  Rev. 
John  Hughes,  Rector  of  North  Tedworth,  \\  ilts, 
and  Fyfield,  Hanto,  and  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
Rev.  Chas.  Coxwell,  Ablington-housc,  Fairford, 
Gloucestershire. 

In  George-st,  Hanover-sq.,  Helen  Hamilton 
Ranken,  wife  of  Wm.  Fergusson,  esq.,  Professor 
of  Surgery  in  King's  College,  London. 

At  St.  Leonard*s-on-the-Sea,  aged  46,  Margaret 
Mary,  wife  of  the  Rev.  W.  Compton-Lundie,  of 
Spital-house,  Spital,  near  Berwick-on-Tweed. 

At  Wells,  Somerset,  aged  78,  Frances  Gould 
Tudway,  relict  of  J.  P.  Tudway.  esq.,  M.P.  for 
WeUs. 

June  20.  In  Fitzroy-sq.,  Charles  Grant,  esq., 
formerly  of  Bombay. 

Jutte  21.  At  Brighton,  aged  58,  Rear-Admiral 
the  Hon.  Frederick  T.  Pclham,  C.B.  The  de- 
ceased, who  recently  retdgned  his  office  as  one 
of  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Admiralty, 
was  the  second  son  of  Thomas,  twentieth  Earl  of 
Chichester,  by  Lady  Mary  Henrietta  Osborne, 
eldest  dau.  of  Francis,  fifth  Duke  of  Leeds,  and 
was  bom  August  2,  1808. 

At  Montague-house,  Brook-green,  Hammer- 
smith, aged  58,  Daniel  Tbomas  Roy,  esq. 

June  23.  Suddenly,  at  Stratheden-lodge,  Ken> 
sington,  the  Right  Hon.  John  Lord  Campbell, 
Lord  Chancellor.    See  Obituauy. 


1861.] 


99 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  AND  BIRTHS  IN  THE  DISTRICTS  OF  LONDON. 

{Drom  the  Returns  issued  hy  the  Registrar- Oeneral,) 

DEATHS  REGISTERED. 


8U  psunrTEiTDEirr 

Area 

in 
Statute 
Acres 

Popula- 
tion 
in 
1851. 

Deaths  in  Districts,  &c.,  in  the  Week 
ending  Saturday, 

DISTKICTS. 

May 
25. 

1861. 

June 

1, 
1861. 

June  1  June 

8,     1    15, 

1861.    1861. 

Mean  Temperature 

57-6 

575 

o                 o 

53-3    1    60-5 

London 

78029 

2362236 

1237 

1069 

1101  !  1121 

1-6.  West  Districts    . 

7-11.  North  DistricU  . 

12-19.  Central  Districts 

20-25.  East  Districts     . 

26-36.  South  Districts  . 

10786 

13533 

1938 

6230 

45542 

376427 
490396 
393256 
485522 
616635 

205 
259 
195 
251 
327 

192 
215 
164 
201 
297 

177 
231 
161 
226 
306 

175 
233 
168 
223 
322 

Deaths  Registered. 

Births  Registered. 

Week  ending 

lif 

i! 

|S 

i! 

S  is 

7l 

1 

1 

3 

Saturday, 

§1 

S| 

g| 

s| 

^ 

1 

i 

1 

May      25     . 

678 

173 

158 

183 

45 

1237 

i    892 

934 

1826 

June       1     . 

566 

137 

150 

129 

38 

1069 

972 

987 

1959 

8    . 

580 

129 

169 

178 

45 

1101 

963 

884 

1847 

„        16    . 

626 

151 

152 

153 

39 

1121 

1017 

926 

1943 

PRICE  OF  CORN. 


Average  ^    Wheat.  Barley, 

of  Six     >    «.    d,  s,    d. 

Weeks,   j    54    8  34    9 

Week  en^gl  64    8  |     34    9 
June  16.     / 


Oats. 
#.  d. 
25    2 


Rye. 
s.  d, 
34     1 


Beans. 
*.  d, 
44    6 


Peas. 
#.     d, 

40    5 


25    2      I     41     2     I    44    3      I     44    1 


PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  June  20. 

Hay,  2/.  0#.  to  U,  Os.  —  Straw.  1/.  10#.  to  21,  0#.  —  Clover,  3/.  10#.  to  6?.  0*. 

NEW  METROPOLITAN  CATTLE-MARKET. 

To  sink  the  Offal^per  stone  of  Slbs. 

Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  June  20. 

Beasts 1130 

Sheep  14,340 

Calves 745 

Pigs 250 


Beef 

4f. 

Ad.  to  5«. 

Orf. 

Mutton 

4f. 

M.  to  5«. 

2d. 

Veal 

4f. 

4<i.to5*. 

Od. 

Pork 

4f. 

M.  to  5«. 

Od. 

Lamb 

hs. 

8(2.  to6«. 

4d, 

COAL-MARKET,  June  21. 
Beat  Wallsend,  per  ton,  14f.  Zd,  to  18f .  6<i.     Other  sorts,  12s.  9d.  to  14f .  9d, 


100 


METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  by  H.  GOL'LD,  Ute  W.  CART,  181,  Strakb. 
From  Ma^  24  to  June  23,  imelmsice. 


Thermometer.  Rirom. 


p 


Weather, 


24  55 

25  56 

26  '■  60 

27  57 

28  :  55 

29  '  5S 
SO  61 


J.l 


61 

2  60 

3  57 


60 


6  55 

7  55 

8  52 


64  • 
67 

62  ' 

63  i 
58 

64  ' 
71 
70 
68 
60 
59 
59 
62 
56 
59  i 


^  in. 
55  30. 

52  29. 

53  ;29. 
55  30. 

52  29. 
58  !29. 
60  29. 
60  .29. 

54  29. 

53  29. 

54  29. 
53  29. 
51  29. 
53  29. 
53  29 


01  cloudy,  fair 

78  do. 
81  ^air,  rain 

02  do. 

99  raiu,  cloudy 
91  cloady 
89  fair 

91  do.clondy,rbn 
76  rain  I' 

79  cldv.hvy.shr*.' 

98  do.'  ! 
9l>  do.  rain 
94  '•}arain,tlLrJpJ 

99  da  do.  cliitidy 
97  cloody,  T4m    ] 


Thermometer.  Barom. 


£i 


June 
S 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
30 
£1 
2S 
23 


53 
5T 
61 
62 
65 

m 

SO 
GO 
GD 
63 
64 
U 
69 
67 
6S 


&9 
«7 
67 
75 
77 
73 
71 
71 
73 
70 
70 
73 
76 


"    in. 

55  .29. 

54  '29. 

56  30. 

60  '30. 
63  30. 
66   30. 

62  29. 

55  ,29. 
59  130. 

61  30. 

63  30. 

63  29. 

64  29. 
64  ;29. 


Weather. 


75  ,  66  :29. 
I        1 


ptfl.- 
7  i  icldy.  hry.  rain 
77  ;hTy.rain.drfy. 

01  fair,  ddy.  rain 
05!  do.  do. 

07  do. 

02  do. 

97  do.  do. 
99!  da 
02  do. 

04;  cloody,  fair 
01  do.  do. 
89,;hy.rain,th.lg. 
90::'air,  ddy.  rain 
81{;doudy  Og.ir. 
74 'd.  hy.m.  thr. 


DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS. 


Jaae. 

Sper 

CVBt. 

ObbmU. 

Spa 

Oat. 

Bcdnccd. 

24 
27 

28; 

9n  i 
m  » 

91*    f 

891     1 

m  1 

89} 
8»t    1 

29  I  9U     I 

30  I  91i    I 

31  :  91)  2 
J.l  >  911  2 

«  1901  I 
4  i  901  I 
6  :  90      i 

6  891  90^ 

7  89i  90 

8  >  891     i 

10  891    f 

11  >  891     i 

12  814  90 

13  89}  90 

14  89i  90 

15  90      i 

17  $9i  901 

18  89}  90 

19  891  I 
90  S9i  i 
SI  891  90 
22     8l>i     I 


:  891     I 

m  I 

89}  90 

891  i 
89*  I 
891  I 
k 
I 
\ 
f 
I 
k 
k 

89*  I 
891  i 
89i     k 

m   I 

89J     i 

89*  i 
89*     i 


;  891 
89» 

-  891 
891 

I  891 


891  i 

891    f 

891  i 

891  J 

|891  I 

891  i 

891  1 

|89}  90 

89}  901 

1891  1 

I  891  I 

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232  331 
232 


Ex.  BillB. 
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India 
Stock. 


India 
Bonds. 
£1,000. 


India 
dperocnts. 


234 

232  331 
233}  34 
2321  34 


6  dia.  par.  I  2251  8  I    22  dia. 

6.    1  d-a. 

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6di8. 


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232 
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231 

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6.    2dis.     226     8 
Shut. 


,6  dia.  4  pm. 
6  ditf.  4  pm. 
6  di».  4  pm. 
:7  dia.  3  pm. 
3  p.ii. 

7dis.par. 

par  2  pm. 

par  3  pm. 
3  pm. 
,  7di«.}«r. 


1011     I 

1011     I 

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,  1011     1 

25.18dia.;  1011  | 
20.15dia.981  991 
:    981     1 

971  8 
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971  I 
971 
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971  8 


lOdiiL 
18  dia. 


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18  dia.' 


98 
981 
981 
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981  1 
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ALFRED  WHITMORK, 

Stock  and  Share  Broker, 

19,  Chaog«  Alley,  London.  E.C. 


rauiT«»  BT  Hiaira.  jobs*  uavaT  ajcd  jAVia  rAa&aa. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S    MAGAZINE 


iLND 


niSTORICAL    REYIEW. 

AUGUST,  186L 


CONTENTS. 

INOK  CORRESPOMDENCE,— Britiflli  A«h»ological  AJso«iati<Mi,--6fitwy  Ai^Jweologiciil 

Socirty,— Biforietta— Rev.  Junea  SUde  „„.. ,„.,, Xt>2 

he  MoDtiincQts  in  Westminster  Abbey  as  a  Museum  of  Scalptore  ,..,,,  103 

On  the  City  Wall*  and  other  Fortifications  of  Oxford    » 107 

AnglO'Suxou  Charters ...........,...,.,...,,,., ,.  123 

Book's  Li ve«  of  the  ArcLbishops  of  Canterbury , 124 

The  Dragon  of  the  Andcnts  „.*...., ..«.. ,...,..  130 

Antique  Gceob ..,...„ , 133 

The  Handbook  of  Roman  Nniniamatics 137 

OEIGiyAL  DOCUMENT B,-Mi^oiial  fram  th^  Blthop  of  St.  Davbl'i  and  otben  |o  Lord 

Burgbleigb ».,.        130 

Antiquarian  Diflcoveriea  at  St.  Martin'i,  Leicester „.„ 141 

ANT1QUAJLUN  AND  LITER.\RY  INTELLIGENCER Society  of  Antiqaaiteaor  Laudati, 

143;  The  Oxford  Archfl<?etiiral  ani  IIi»loricaI  8ocietr— ArchErologual  ImttSinrc,  lii^l ; 
Royat  Institute  of  British  Architects  -  Ecclp^^ioloi^ical  Sonrty^  1^;  Elhnologic&l 
fiocietr,  14A;  Nambtiialic  Society,  1.W;  London  and  MiddJfsex  and  ^urrcv  Archft** 
oloficil  Soeiriies,  159;  Bemricksblrc  NeturaliALii^  Club,  160;  Kilkenny  mid  Soutb- 
East  of  IreLand  ArcbiFolofri<^al  Bociuty,  162 .  Midltmd  Countlf s  Arcbnolofical  AMocia- 
tion,  163;  Nortbampiotiaiblre  Arcbiteetnnil  Society,  164;  Sncietv  of  Northern  And- 
quarfea,  171 ;  Society  of  Antfouarles  of  li^ootland,  173 ;  Suffolk  Inttitutc  of  Arckvology 
and  Natural  History,  176 ;  Yortftbire  I'bllosophical  Society   '..,.,. 176 

COERKHPONDENCE  OF  8TLVANtJ3  URBAN.  —  Diacovery  of  RtmLo  Inuriptiona  In 
Orkney.  179;  Bifonctta  and  Wilta.,  181 ;  "Memoir  of  Joahoa  WaUioo."— The  KoTa 
Scotia  Halibttfton*. .,...,... *».,..,.. 182 

THE  NOTE-BOOK  OF  HYLVANUS  UllBAN .„.. 183 

mSTORICAL  AND  MISCELLANEOUS  REVIEWS.  — Gi*laM)n'a  Unedited  Specimen*  of 

Old-Nortbem  literature,  1R8;  DybeckVRune>Mnnofnent«  of  Sweden,  IBO;  Memorlala 

•    of  Families  of  the  Surname  of  Arcber,  191 ;  Lankcster'*  Wild  Flowen  vortb  NQtico— 

Citr  Dtm  IfoOTo— Cummuig'a  Guide  to  the  lale  of  Man ..,...,,...        192 

APPOINTMENTS,  PREFERMENTS,  AND  PROMOTIONS 193 

BIATHS .......^ .„ ,r- 194 

MARKLAGES „„.. 196 

OBITUARY.— H.T.M.  the  SuH^m ;  ^hkj;  The  Lord  Brarbrooke,  201 ;  Lord  Campbell,  2M; 
Lord  Abinirer— Prince  Adam  Czartorrakl,  300;  Hiebird  Blagdettf  E«q.,  307;  Miaa 
Baker- Rev.  Dr,  Card  well  ^  209 ;  Livut'cnant  Maedonald.  211 ;  Mr.  Jamea  Brvldwood  212 

CLERGY  DECEASED « 213 

DEATHS  ARRANGED  IN  CHRONOLOGICAL  ORDER 213 

Btir&atrar-Generara  Retain  of  Mortality  and  BlrtbR  in  the  MetropoUa  — Marketa,  319; 

Metaorotogical  Diary— Daily  Price  of  Stocka 220 


By  STLVANUS  UBBAK,  Geitt. 


inXOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


X^e^cx. — $TXTA3rrs  rxus  rwfwrfa  kit  Nitwit  im  litiiw  H&i  Jhyarfi,  Cbrrv- 


KSmSH  AKSJDOLCIGICAL  ASSO>  and  t^  > 

ClAllOX.  to  Ike  OnpeitaH'  000907,  viH  a]»  be 

l^n  JboMd  ]l«f«^  viO  lie  Wia  St  inatea  aai  JkaulUJ- 

ted  Sn^MiM,  Bioi^  CJC  MJP^  fios-  BIF0RIET1X. 

r,irxanaihn,Mia»]n|7«nrbK  ri^Sa,  ■Brioei  ly  Mr.  Wdtoatt  «  jow 

)■«»  «n  Wi«  aado^  to  do  vilii  1^^ 

Tpgq|aAaMmlf.fitro1ina^iywin  lHfknino««B«^aHliMter»njdfln««d 
'aCbt  ^BvaiBBrR-  oT  .Ubbk  Jkar  Xo^vbbbi^  i  »w^  ia>_  C  CL  P. 

Tte  ■■■it  III  wil!—oiiini'<l5>LXiA»>  KET,XILMB  SJISS. 

of  idir 


TEE 


d^entl email's   IHirDaziiic 


AND 


HISTOKICAL    REYIEW, 


THE  MONinCENTS  IN  WESTlimSTER  ABBEY  AS  A  MUSEUM 
OE  SCULPTUEE'*. 

Westminster  Abbey  may  justly  be  appreciated  as  a  museum  of 
British  sculpture,  offering  the  earliest  examples  of  the  sculptor's 
art,  from  its  erection  in  the  thirteenth  century,  and  continued  to 
the  present  day. 

Although  it  contains  some  works  by  the  hands  of  foreigners,  yet, 
as  their  skill  was  employed  in  commemoration  of  British  sovereigns 
and  British  worthies,  the  designation  that  it  is  a  national  collection, 
or  museum  of  national  sculpture,  may  fairly  he  accepted,  because, 
although  they  are  the  productions  of  foreign  artists,  they  were  un- 
questionably executed  in  the  British  dominions. 

In  the  reign  of  Henrj^  II L  the  present  edifice  was  begun  on  the 
ruins  of  a  former  erection  ;  every  monument  it  now  contains  com- 
mences from  this  epoch. 

The  earliest  specimen  of  sculpture  in  the  Abbey  maybe  assigned 
to  the  date  of  1269,  when  Henry  III.  caused  the  erection  of  the 
shrine  in  the  centre  of  St*  Edward's  chapel,  to  the  memory  of  the 
Confessor.  It  is  a  frieze  on  the  screen  that  separates  this  chapel 
from  the  choir,  and  which  represents  in  fourteen  compartments  the 
principal  occurrences  of  the  Confessor's  life.  The  figures  of  this 
composition  are  of  small  size,  very  simple  in  execution^ 

The  first  statue  which  demands  attention  is  that  of  Henry  III,, 
in  this  chapel,  a  recumbent  figure  cast  in  brass,  and  the  earliest 
known  to  have  been  cast  in  England. 

On  the  adjoining  tomb  to  this  is  placed  the  recumbent  figure  of 
Queen  Eleanor,  wife  of  Edward  I.  Both  these  statues  arc  reputed 
to  be  the  works  of  Pietro  Cavaliiii,  who  came  here  from  Italy  for 
the  purpose.  But  the  latter  is  now  said  to  have  been  the  pro- 
duction of  a  native  artist,  upon  what  grounds  I  have  not  been 
able  to  learn. 

Considering  the  extraordinary  beauty  of  this  statue  of  Queen 

*  A  paper  by  Henry  Mogford,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  read  in  the  Abbey  Churcli,  at  tbc 
Mectmg  of  the  London  and  Middlam  ArcbiBological  Society.  Oct.  25,  1B60.  Hets 
a«»T.  Mxo,  Jaa.  1861,  p.  60. 


IO-l(  Thf^  Monuments  in  H'estmiHster  Abbey  [Aug. 

Eleuiior,  it  would  be  gratifying  to  our  natiooal  feeliog^  or  pride,  if 
ic  wer«  «o  authenticated. 

It  uierit;»  in  the  highest  degree  every  praise ;  the  beauty  of  the 
teatures  and  the  elegance  of  the  hands  are  not  surpassed,  if  equalled 
even,  by  any  similar  work  in  the  Abbey.  The  small  heads  of  two 
aiigeU  on  the  canopy  at  the  head  of  the  fisure  are  replete  with  the 
most  charming  snweetness  and  innocence  ot  expression. 

The  ettigies  of  Evhmuid  Crouchback  and  of  Aymer  de  Valence 
tbilow  the  stericy  in  onler  of  date.  No  record  exists  of  the  authors 
of  tiicttc  renmrkable  monuments^  which  is  to  be  regretted,  as  the 
mutilateil  r\*umin9  of  the  small  statuettes,  called  plettrettrs,  in  the 
niches  beneath*  indicate  a  gnmd  dignity  and  breadth  of  treatment. 

Hitherto  no  reci^rvl  or  tr«Kiition  naming  the  authors  of  the  nnme- 
rou:^  6no  r^rutnUMit  tigures  of  our  sovereigns  or  others  has  been 
ditft.wered.  some  of  them  wondrously  enamelled^  until  the  name  of 
Torre^iano  a()(vars.  He  erected  the  magnificent  tomb  in  the 
ci)a|.«el  \}(  Henrv  VH..  and  is  the  sculptor  of  the  eifigies  of  that 
sovervigtx  and  liis  wife,  and  \f(  the  figures  of  cherubun  at  the 
aug'lcs. 

\rtot!^er  of  Torreguiito's  works  is  that  of  Margaret,  Countess  of 
K:chtttond«  mother  of  Henry  VII. 

Ptcsc  prwluctions  of  Uorregiawo's  skill  are  not  of  a  Terr  high 
on.ler  of  art  vvittp^u^itivcly.  Uhe  trulition  that  he  broke  the  nose 
of  Michael  VTt^ceto  m  a  rtc  of  icitioiisy  at  the  tnuscetident  talents  of 
the  gr^Micst  of  tnodcnt  sciiI^'Conk  has  cereal tily  foundation  for  the 
moc :  V  c  b  V  cv>i ri  pari s*.'  n  o f  i  he i  r  respect i ve  ab i  I i  cieij* 

r'is¥4!tg  over  lijc  iiticnr»ov:::itc  Tvnod  of  cime  until  the  reim  of 
Jaitio*  I  ^  cite  ni>t  iiui^cMixiiicd  works  of  :«caiptvire  iu  the  Abbey 
appetir  Cv»  ?v  tliose  of"  NiC'MnicI  5tone.  a  iMt've  of  Exeter.  Accord- 
int£  ',v*  \V.itp%»Ic.  -)C  w*j^  :mai  Vx<.  ^Vi.  c;iiiy  wtiiie  iu  the  King's 
^firtpioy  r»io  rco'unoc'tc  si^fics  of  vivieen  b'liiwbeth  ami  of  Mary 
viuce»i  of  S>*iH  irv  u'.vv.mko.!  :o  hrn  :  .:  s  oerfain  chat  he  made 
uie  ttoitiiineiKs  of  ><»ciiber.  trainee*  lloi^s*  aud  :ae  Countess  of 
3iu*kttjiMam. 

Of  :ic  ':utii»iis  'VmIjuim-h  of  a  'aLcr  oau'.  vie  most  important  in 
ne  -^M-vs  «>•  *\oiii>il:ao  iiKt  lS^xi»nc«i.  Sr'ieemaciier*  is  also  of 
Jie  ."»\»v'K  u(!hHii^i    luer'or  .o  .Jc  -^w  ::ixvecMrg  .irt:sci^ 

'iouo»iuic 'i  x'^tiiiicM  *t»rs>i  tfv  i»  :.tc  V^*oev.  Pie  *jfOUumen& 
n  ti?i  'ia^il  je»x»  n>»  'U'x  jf  ll»iivie«,  ')»s  'iis<  ^irvfi.  and.  of  the 
Vus:-  n  \:-^v.c  ii  '.'vs  CoiMor.  .  )ai  *i'  Sr  l\*cer  W.ureu  iu  the 
ix^m   mn>^»»u»  iiui    'lo  oc'coi^ivxi  ouo  it  ^    .'oiiii  ^  Oiayei  to  ilr. 

V.I  :u'  ^ru'u*^  »»  -u-^*:  ti\»iuiimii.>.  iiv  »«nvi>  ^£  ^tiig  rrgiuly 
*iTUiit*i.   kiivi    !U'   >^iii    %il  >i4i^*i>'    vjitxi    *'  %  vv.4'^    ii^»i  HT^timaciou  of 

'■"^e  ^;-M.rl •1^*1,1-  nvMiumciii,  u<  i  >  i>iii«N  .-ntlcxi.  ieuiands  in 
uxiuir^  »i  utow:!v»  t.uuir  *An>  tx'i  to  >riii»>v>uvMi^^  jt  :Kiaui)i»ti^ 
.xoiT    'i    IK*   i^*  uiiK"^^   »»    t\u'\    II    Jiv"    *»4'»i   ,>i    %   utiuaa  ^eietua 


1861.] 


as  a  Museum  of  Sculpture. 


105 


Ii  is  both  an  aesthetic  question  and  one  of  higher  feeling,  of  reli* 
gioos  awe. 

Rysbrach  may  be  well  studied  in  the  two  nioniimcnis  in  the 
nave,  at  the  entrance  of  the  choir,  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton  and  of  the 
second  Earl  of  Stanhope, 

The  statne  of  Shakespeare,  in  Poets*  Corner,  is  a  favourable 
specimen  by  Scheemacker. 

The  names  of  other  sculptors  here  comprise  a  series  of  great  ex- 
tent, mostly  native.  A  work  by  Grinling  Gibbons,  in  the  north 
able  of  the  nave,  is  not  worthy  of  his  reputation,  Quellinus  and 
Oojsevox  indicate  a  foreign  origin,  and  Hubert  le  Soeur,  who  made 
the  equestrian  statue  at  Charing-cross  of  Charles  L,  has  also  a  spe* 
cimen  of  his  art  in  the  Abbey. 

To  come  down  to  our  own  time,  there  are  fine  works  by  the 
familiar  names  of  Bacon,  Flaxman,  Chantrey,  Nollckens,  Wesima- 
cott.  Banks,  and  others.  Of  living  sculptors  of  distin*^uiished  merit 
may  be  cited  Baily,  Gibson,  Calder  Marshall,  and  several  more. 

The  portrait  statues  are  doubly  interesting,  first,  because  they 
represent  the  features  of  the  individuals,  and  secondly,  the  accu- 
racy of  the  costume  of  the  times.  The  features  are  mostly  well 
p^€^Berved,  exce[>iiji^  tliose  only  of  the  Crusaders  and  of  the  Countess 
of  Lancaster,  in  the  choir,  which  have  much  suffered.  Some  few 
of  the  portrait  statues  are  habited  in  the  Roman  costume  of  fonuer 
times.  In  future  ages,  nevertheless,  antiquaries  will  be  sorely 
puzzled  at  the  fanciful  envelo|ies  given  by  the  sculptors  of  our 
days,  as  exemplified  in  the  statue  of  the  late  Sir  Robert  Peel,  by 
Gil>8on  of  Rome. 

Among  the  sculpt*ired  statues  forming  the  decoration  or  exem- 
plification of  the  virtues  of  the  several  individuals,  there  will  be 
seen  an  abundance  of  angels  and  cherubs;  every  virtue  is  personi- 
fied in  marble  to  excess.  Figures  of  Fame  are  blowing  trumpets. 
In  this  Christian  church  there  are  statues  of  Minerva,  Neptune, 
Hercules,  with  other  pagan  deities ;  chanty  children  are  not 
omitted;  and  to  complete  the  variety,  there  are  not  wanting  Ne- 
l^roes  and  Red  Indians.  There  are  here  also  a  great  number  of 
statues  and  statuettes,  eitlicr  of  attendants,  children  of  the  deceased, 
saints  or  other,  as  weepers  over  the  tleceased. 

Nor  are  animals  forgotten;  a  couple  of  lions  by  Wilton  are  on 
ihe  monument  of  General  Wolfe.  Two  magnificent  specimens  of 
Uiis  king  of  animals  by  Flaxman,  on  the  monument  tu  the  menu>ry 
^'' Captain  Montague,  deserve  the  highest  encomium;  it  is  at  the 
est  end  of  the  north  aisle. 

The  sculptures  which  may  be  considered  as  adjuncts  to  the  archi- 
tecture are  very  numerous,  and  consist  of  a  considerable  number  of 
saints  in  niches  or  on  brackets.  Of  these,  worthy  of  special  notice, 
arc  two  statues  now  existing  in  the  chapter-house,  representing  the 
Annunciation  ;  they  are  of  a  very  simple  and  of  archaic  cluiracter, 
— probably  their  executitm  dates  from  the  erection  of  this  part  of 
the  Abbey.     Tliere  are  etpialiy  in  tlie  upper  spandrils  of  tlio  nortfi 

OwT  Mao.  Vot,  OCXI. 


^^^ 


]06  The  Manumenii  in  Westminster  Abbey;  tfc.  [Aug. 

transept  angels  of  grand  character,  nearly  life  size.  Casts  have 
been  lately  taken  of  these,  which  may  be  seen  to  advantage  where 
they  are  for  the  present  placed,  in  the  triforium,  by  those  who  are 
disposed  to  perambulate  this  part  of  the  sacred  edifice.  Here  will 
be  found  many  singular  and  interesting  sculptured  corbels. 

The  chapel  of  Henry  VII.  alone  contains  more  than  one  hundred 
statues  of  saints  in  niches,  and  busts  of  angels  on  the  cornice  that 
runs  round  the  chapel  and  part  of  the  side  aisles;  the  carvings  to 
the  seats  are  of  great  variety  and  excellence  in  execution.  «>me 
of  these  carvings  represent  sacred  subjects,  whilst  others  are  of 
a  profane  character. 

The  chantry  enclosing  the  tomb  of  Henr^  V.  is  also  profuselv 
decorated  with  statues  and  statuettes  in  nichesi,  as  well  as  with 
bassi  relievi.  One  is  said  to  represent  the  coronation  of  the  sove- 
reign* The  whole  are  deeply  imbued  with  a  good  feeling  for 
fine  art. 

To  resume,  and  give  some  idea  of  the  immense  amount  of  the 
wealth  of  sculptural  art  herein  contained,  it  may  be  briefly  stated 
that  the  Abbey  possesses  sixty-two  recumbent  statues  of  life  size ; 
several  of  these  are  of  bronze,  and  have  been  highly  gilt  or  richly 
enamelleil,  the  remains  of  this  decoration  being  still  visible.  There 
are  forty-six  portrait  statues,  life  size  or  colossal,  six  sitting  and 
six  kneeling  portrait  statues,  and  ninety-three  busts  or  me£dlion 
portruts. 

Of  allecorical  statues,  already  alluded  to,  there  are  204,  and 
beyond  this  vast  amount  an  almost  unlimited  number  of  bassi  and 
alii-relievi  corbels  and  spandrils  richly  sculptured  of  all  epochs, 
besides  the  multitude  of  heraldic  representations  of  lions,  dogs, 
griffins,  and  other  animals,  either  natural  or  imaginative. 

I  trust  it  will  be  admitted  that  we  possess  in  this  magnificent 
Abbey  a  museum  of  sculpture  eminently  nauonal,  unequalled  in 
extent  in  any  other  place  or  country,  of  surpassing  beauty,  and  of 
the  highest  artistic  excellence. 

The  study  of  this  immense  collection  will  afibrd  intense  gratifi- 
caiioiT  to  the  historian,  the  antiquary,  the  archcologist,  and  the 
lover  of  fine  an.  The  public  feeling  is  becoming  daily  more 
awakened  to  the  treasures  we  possess,  and  to  the  determination  to 
preseire  them  to  our  posterity. 


107 


THE  CITY  WALLS  AKD  OTHER  FOETIFICATIONS 
OF  OXFORD*. 


It  wm  the  opinio q  of  the  late  Dr. 
I&gnuD  that  the  citj  of  Oxford  iraa  ori- 
ginally Eomaa,  and  waa  fortified  in  Bo- 
man  times  I  he  supported  this  opinion  by 
the  ^roand'plan  of  the  fortified  town, 
which  was  a  regular  parallelogram,  with 
an  entrance  in  the  centre  of  ench  face,  the 
regular  phin  of  a  Roman  camp ;  also  bj 
man  J  Roman  remainB  having  been  found 
in  the  neighbourhood.  This  app^rs  to  me 
insufficient  evidence,  and  the  probability 
ia  tliat  the  foundation  ot  the  town  is  of 
later  origin,  Miny  Roman  customs  were 
continued  long  ailer  the  fall  of  the  Roman 
power,  and  among  others  this  airoplc  plan 
of  laying  out  a  town  is  likely  to  have 
been  one.  The  four  streets  meeting  in 
the  centre  and  forming  a  cross,  the  mar- 
ket-phK»  near  to  the  middle  of  the  town, 
with  the  town-hall  on  one  side  and  the 
city  chn^h  on  the  other,  appears  to  be 
only  the  natural  plan,  following,  as  of 
cotine,  from  the  four  gates. 

The  Roman  roads  In  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Oxford,  so  carefully  described  by 
the  late  Professor  Huasey,  seem  also  to 
disproTe  the  existenoe  of  any  considerable 
town  here  at  that  period.  The  road  from 
the  Roman  town  of  AJchester,  near  Bices- 
ter, to  the  Roman  station  at  Dorchester, 
at  about  two  miles  and  a-half  to 
It  of  Oxford,  and  may  be  distinctly 
for  a  considerable  distance  near 
Headington,  but  has  no  deviation  towards 
Oiibrd. 

On  the  other  hand,  if  the  town  had  been 
<if  medieval  origin  the  plan  would  have 
been  different;  experience  had  taoght  the 
ineocivenienoe  of  the  Roman  plan  in  times 
of  pMM;  when  there  was  much  traffic 
the  four  streets  meeting  in  the  centre 
must  always  cause  confusion  at  that  pointy 


and  the  market-place  was  lilcely  to  be  per* 
petually  disturbed.  To  avoid  this  incon- 
venience the  medieval  engineers  employed 
by  Edward  J.  In  Aquitainc  and  at  Hull, 
made  two  gates  in  each  face  of  the  walls, 
and  two  streets  running  from  them  pa- 
rallel  to  each  other,  straight  through  the 
town  from  north  to  eouth,  and  from  east 
to  west,  thus  leaving  a  large  space  in  the 
centre  for  the  market-place  entirely  un- 
diaturbed,  the  traffic  passing  along  the 
four  sides  of  it,  with  no  need  for  crossing 
the  centre,  the  streets  running  from  the 
four  corners  of  the  markct-phice  to  the 
four  gatea, 

Oxford  being  built  on  the  Romui 
plan,  but  having  no  tracea  of  Roman 
walls,  we  may  fairly  attribute  its  origin  to 
a  period  shortly  after  the  departure  of 
the  Romans.  We  fiud  frequent  mention 
of  it  in  Anglo- Saxon  history ;  it  appears 
to  have  been  fortified  before  the  time  of 
the  Norman  Conquest,  and  it  is  said  to 
have  stood  a  siege  against  the  Conqueror. 
But  the  fortifications  of  thoite  days  con- 
sisted usually  of  a  deep  trench  and  vallum 
of  earth,  with  a  wooden  pHlisade  at  the 
top  of  it.  Such  fortifications  continued 
in  common  use  even  in  the  thirteenth 
oeDtury;  we  find  them  mentioned  in  the 
siege  of  Ludlow  Castle  at  that  period, 
and  in  many  other  instances,  several  of 
which  are  cited  by  M,  Yiollet-le'Doc^  in 
his  admirable  work  on  the  '*  Military  Ar* 
chitecture  of  the  Middle  Agea." 

The  Castlx. 
Of  the  Castle  itself  the  original  phui 
and  extent  can  hardly  now  be  made  out, 
but  the  outer  wall  must  have  enclosed  a 
much  larger  space  than  appears  at  fint 
sight  i  the  New*rotd  is  cut  right  through 


*  A  Paper  by  John  Henry  Parker,  Esq.,  F.SJk.,  read  at  the  Meeting  of  the  Oxford 
Archit^cturtl  and  Historical  Society,  May  22, 1861.    See  Gk»t.  Mag.,  July,  1861, 


108 


The  City  Walk 


[Aug. 


the  oater  bailey,  and  the  site  of  the  Canal 
wharf  is  part  of  it.  Tlie  junction  be- 
tween the  City  Wall  and  the  Castle  may  be 
partly  distinguished  by  the  uneven  ground; 


"  Bullocks-lane,"  for  instance,  leads  up  a 
flight  of  steps  from  the  New-road  over  the 
ancient  *'  Bulwarks"  to  George-street  and 
Gloucester-green,  formerly  called  "Broken 


Plan  of  th»  Caatle.  reduced  trom  Kixig'i  Plau  published  In  ITOd 


a  h  The  Omey  Bridge.  A  i  I  Towers. 

e  4^  St.  Gcorge*8  Church.      x  The  Crypt,   k  Staircase  to  the  Keep. 

e  The  Round  Tower  of  Henry  III.  (?)  m  The  Great  HalL 

/  Square  Tower  to  protect  the  entrance,     n  The  Kitchen. 

ff  g  Bridge  ftt>in  the  city.  o  p  q  The  Castle  ditch. 


r  r  The  Mill  Stream. 

»  D'Olly's  Tower,  1074. 

t  The  Mill-dam. 

w  The  WelL 

y  Entrance  to  the  Staircase. 


Hayes."  Here  again  there  is  more  broken 
ground,  probably  part  of  the  outworks  of 
the  Castle  towards  Beaumont  Palace. 

There  is  a  tradition  that  when  the 
Empress  Maud  was  besieged  in  the  Castle, 
King  Stephen  was  lodged  in  the  F^ce 
of  the  Norman  kings  at  Beaumont ;  if  so, 
he  was  in  remarkably  close  quarters  with 
the  enemy ;  and  if  we  may  judge  by 
the  experiments  lately  tried  in  France, 
under  the  direction  of  the  Emperor,  re- 
specting the  force  of  the  catapult,  and  of 
arrows  and  javelins  in  trained  hands,  he 
could  hardly  have  been  at  a  safe  distance. 
Some  mounds  of  earth  are  said  to  have 
been  thrown  up  between  the  Castle  and 
Beaumont  Palace  to  protect  it;  these 
were  afterwards  called  Jews'  Mount,  and 
Mount  Pelham :  there  are  now  but  ftunt 
traces  of  them. 


The  old  tower  which  remains  of  the 
Castle  built  by  Robert  I^Oily  in  the  time 
of  the  Conqueror,  appears  by  Agas's  map 
to  have  been  one  of  the  towers  in  the  wall 
of  the  inner  bailey,  and  not  the  keep,  as 
was  formerly  supposed.  It  is  certainly 
small  for  a  Norman  keep  to  a  castle  of 
this  importance,  and  the  circumstance  that 
there  was  originally  no  entrance  on  the 
ground  floor  would  rather  seem  to  indi- 
cate, the  prison  tower.  The  entrance  was 
on  the  fint  floor  from  the  top  of  the  wall; 
the  archway  cut  through  the  wall  for  the 
treadmill  is  entirely  modem;  there  was 
a  solid  wall  in  that  part. 

Others  suppose  this  to  have  been  the 
belfry  tower  of  St.  George's  Church,  and 
it  has  this  appearance  on  Agas's  map. 

We  have  do  distinct  record  of  the 
keep,  but  a  round  tower  was  erected  in 


and  other  Fortijicationi  of  Oa^ord. 


109 


3 19th  Hciiry  II L,  wbicU  m%\y  tiavebeeu 
M  a  keep.     Wood  snys  that  witbui 
tlic  walb  of  the  Coitle  there  wero — 

•*  Mimiiona  for  the  king  in  time  of  war, 
M.id<*ii    the  i'unvtjiiit    and   charch    of  St. 
'      ♦'     ^-  T  -  iifiBoii  in  which 
rn  >ity  had  pecu- 

ri'  ,  : .    u  ln«  rebellious 

II  by  Henry  IlL,  iu 
his  reign  J  and  in 
tbtj  twoiily-tlilrU  ytitir  it  was  also  mode 
the  common  pool  of  the  eoanty,  which 
Uftct;  remaiueil  with  St.  George's  con- 
nt  iind  the  chapel,  which  iff  now  the 
priaon,  to  the  time  of  the  Civil 
I  wh(;n  it  wa«i  w^mn  pnt  into  a  posi- 
►  of  lH>tter  defence  by  King  Charles  L 
'*  Til©  ittttoly  towers,  which  were  great 
omamcnis  to  this  end  of  the  city,  were 
"  ftndiug  till  Colonel  Ingoldsby  the  Qo- 
rnor'B  time,  in  1649,  when  the  Ca»tle 
"by  the  Parliament  for  a 
r  the  city  workfli  were  uUghted 
^Idmjsdj)  they  were  nil  (l»ein(:^  four 
In  nmiiber,  baiide  that  on  the  gate,)  pulled 
down,  and  bulwark  a  on  the  Mount  erL*eted 
r  plac^e,  whirli  (j^rcsiUy  stTengthemed 
'{ ks  j  yet  uotwithstanding^nt't^r^triird.s 


thong-h  the  said  works  with  other  ediBoei 
were  above  a  year  finish Lng,  and  eoit  many 
hondred  pounds,  in  the  month  of  Anguat» 
1651,  when  King  Cliarlea  came  from  Wor- 
cester here,  they  were  in  four  days*  space, 
in  a  whim,  qnite  pulled  down  and  de- 
molished, and  the  garrison  at  that  time 
translated  to  New  College,  to  the  great 
detriment  of  that  phice  and  ita  stndento 
and  places  adjoining  K" 

A  mound  is  a  common  appendage  to 
a  Norman  castle,  formed  of  the  earth  dng 
oat  in  making  the  ditch,  thrown  np  in  the 
outer  bailey,  because  if  thrown  outside 
the  ditch  it  would  have  been  of  assistance 
to  the  enemy.  The  summit  of  the  mound 
served  as  a  look-ont  place*  This  was  com- 
monly protected  by  a  wooden  pQli8adc,and 
sometimes  hod  a  building  upon  it,  hut 
a  considemble  period  must  have  ekpaed 
before  the  enrth  of  a  mound  was  Holld 
enough  to  bear  ft  heavy  building. 

In  the  centre  of  the  Oxford  mound 
there  is  a  deep  well,  and  over  this  a  small 
walled  chamber  of  the  time  of  Henry  II,, 
called  Wii'  Well-room.     The  king^s  brief 


nkin^,'   [III,-*   ssi'W    \%  recorded  in  tha 
ith  lltury  IL,  whini  11)/.  19^*  was  ex- 
npnn  it*     This  would  be  twjiml  to 
400^.   of  our   money,   and  shews 
nt    ft    oooftldcfsblo    work    was    then 
tmtle. 


ii,«.b  titi. 


The  view  of  the  Ca«tle  in  A  gas's  iimp 
shews  ft  large  oetagoiui]  tower  in  the 
centre,  close  to  the  mound*  and  pmrtly 
couceiiled   by   it;    this    appcaranoe   tnay 


*>  YmkaXi,  p.  30T. 


:.kg_ 


no 


The  City  WaU$ 


[Aiig. 


probably  be  only  canied  by  bad  drawing,  wick  and  Dudley.  The  mound  VMS  gir* 
and  tbe  octagonal  building  to  represented  ing  sniBcient  elevation,  the  waDi  vcgaa  it 
may  haye  been  on  the  mound,  as  at  War-     were  not  Tery  high. 


^ma^ljk 


Bird  s-«Te  Vww  c(  the  CMt>  m  Um  ume  of  Qvwen  Elisabeth,  from  A^am*  Uap. 


There  was  a  small  churdi  with  a  col- 
lege of  priests  attached  to  it,  called  St 
Qcorge^s  College,  within  the  Outle, founded 
^  Robert  D'Oihr  in  107a  and  transferred 
to  Osa^  in  1141,  when  St.  Thomas's 
Church  was  bult,  and  eared  for  the 
parahioiiera  of  St.  Qcotge*s.  The  crypt 
of  it  is  still  shewn :  the  inllars  of  the 
ciypi  are  early  Korman,  and  the  cajatals 
are  rade  and  curious;  the  Tault  is  modem, 
the  Cfypt  haring  been  rebuilt  by  Mr. 
Hams  about  laOiX  It  had  long  been 
forgotten,  and  waa  discovered  by  him 
when  the  Oartie  was  partly  rebuilt  for  the 
eonaty  prison,  and  a  coni^derable  part  of 
the  pwsent  building*  wnv  erected.  The 
old  crypi  came  in  the  wi^  of  the  new 


buildings^  and  waa  moved.  Mr.  Harris 
carefully  measured  all  the  parts^  and  re- 
placed the  old  inllars  and  capitals  as  doaely 
as  possible  in  their  original  position :  but 
the  vault  is  entirely  modem,  of  ashlar 
masonry,  though  very  deceptive;  so  much 
so^  that  ao  good  an  antiquary  as  Mr. 
Hartshome  pernsts  in  eonndeiing  it  as 
anrient>  in  the  teeth  of  the  most  di- 
rect evidence.  Mr.  Harris*  drawings  for 
the  alterations  and  new  buildings  are  ex- 
tant, and  at  the  time  when  Mr.  Harts- 
home  read  his  paper  here  in  1851  before 
the  Archspological  Institute,  Miss  Harris* 
the  daughter  of  the  builder  who  erected 
it,  was  Uring*  and  distinctly  remembered 
it>  and  one  of  the  wotinnen  employed 


1?6I-] 


and  other  Fortifications  of  Oxford. 


Ill 


upon  it  wu  ftlso  living';  but  Mr.  Harts* 
haam9  rvfoBed  to  Ilsteo  to  this  evidence, 
-wYiich  he  caUed  "vague aothority/*  "heor- 
mjT  t««tiiiK)iiy/'  and  "corrent  traditiou." 
Dr.  logrmm,  who  alto  maket  thi^  itnto* 
iBcnt  iu  hii  *■  MenonmK''  wm  living,  and 
probftbly  tn  Oxford  at  the  time  it  wta  re- 
botli  <m  «  new  «ite»  and  be  was  well  ao- 
qualnted  with  Mr.  Harris* 

Mr.  Hartsbome  ako  in  the  same  paper 
Ifpaamt  the  entteace  of  the  Palace  of 
BeAtnnonl^  itnd  appUet  to  the  Castte  all 
th«  puMget  in  the  public  records  which 
roentioD  the  Royal  Palace  at  Ojcford.  Bat 
the  C*Ȥtle  ceaeed  to  be  the  royid  rcsidftice 
fVom  the  time  of  Hetiry  1*,  who  bailt  the 
Palace  of  Beauroont,  and  several  of  hLi 
cuooeMOfi  resided  in  it,  especially  Henry 
II.,  who  greatly  enlarged  it ;  and  Kichard 
CfBor  de  lion  waa  bom  in  it. 

It  ia  true  that  the  'Empreaa  Maud 
took  refbge  in  the  Castle  for  Beourity,  but 
creti  daring  the  siege  King  Stephen  is 
said  to  have  resided  in  Beuumont  Palace. 

f  and  the  hiatorioal  evidence  of  its  existence 
la  «a  dear  u»  that  of  other  royal  pohices 
now  destroyed.     It  continued  to  1>e  a  fre- 

,  qiient  royal  residence  until  Edward  11. 
gave  it  to  the  Cannelite  Friar!!,  and  it 

[  ahand  the  fate  of  other  tnonastenes.    At 

!  tba  dioMlntioQ  it  was  sold  to  Edmund 
Powell,  of  Sandford^  who  pulle«!  down  the 
greater  part  of  it,  and  the  niinR  were 
afterwards  used  by  Arcbbiithop  Lnud  as 
a  stone  quarry  for  bnllding  his  new  quad- 
raiiifle  at  St  John's  College.  A  small 
Ihiginent  wai  left  standing,  with  a  door- 

^  way  io  It,  nntll  Beanmont-street  wns  built 
abont  thirty  years  ago. 

The  must  memorable  event  in  the  early 
history  of  Osford  is  the  siege  of  the  Caitle 
by  Stephen  when  the  Empress  Maud  hod 
taken  refuge  there^  and  as  the  legends  as 
to  the  mode  of  her  escape  arc  of  question- 
able authority,  it  may  be  usefal  to  quote 
the  account  of  it  given  by   William  of 

k  H alrooshnry,  who  was  living  at  the  time. 

'  He  sayi  :^ 

**  Not  content  with  having  bnmed  the 
town  and  seiznl  the  C4istlo  of  Wttrehnm, 
a«  the  king  saw  fortune  inclined  to  favour 
him,  he  came  to  Oxford,  and  the  garrison 
lumi^  iaIHed  out  Sf^ainfft  him,  be  sad* 
dntly  paaKd  a  fnrd  which  wsp  not  gene* 


rally  known,  and  repelling  the  enemy»  en- 
tered the  town  with  them,  and  having 
burned  the  city  laid  iicge  to  the  castle,  in 
which  was  the  Empress  with  her  domestic 
guards.  This  he  did  with  such  deter- 
mined resolution,  that  he  declared  no  hope 
of  advantage  or  fear  of  loss  should  induce 
him  to  depart  till  the  castle  was  delivered 
up»  and  the  Empress  delivered  to  his 
power.  Shortly  after,  all  the  nobility  of 
the  Empress'  party,  ashamed  of  being  ab- 
sent  from  their  sovereign  in  violation  of 
their  compact,  assembled  in  large  bodies 
at  Wallingford,  with  the  determinntion  of 
attacking  the  king,  if  be  would  risk  a 
battle  in  the  open  plain ;  hut  they  had  no 
intention  of  a«riiling  bim  within  the  city, 
aa  Robert,  Earl  of  Gloucester,  bad  so  for- 
tified it  with  ditches,  that  it  appeared  im- 
pregnable unless  by  fire, 

"I  would  wry  willinp:ly  subjoin  the 
manner  of  the  Emprcas*  liberation,  did  I 
know  it  to  a  certainty,  for  it  is  un- 
doubtedly one  of  God's  manifest  miracles. 
This,  however,  is  sufficiently  notorioQ% 
that  through  fear  of  the  EarVs  approach, 
many  of  the  besiegers  of  Oxford  stole 
away  wherever  they  were  able,  and  the 
rest  remitted  their  vigilance,  and  kept 
not  so  good  a  look-out  as  beforcv  more 
anxious  for  their  own  safety  in  cose  it 
came  to  a  battle  than  bent  on  the  destmc- 
tion  of  others.  This  clrcumttanco  being 
remarked  by  the  tcjwnsmeti,  the  Empress 
with  only  four  soldieni  made  her  escapa 
throQgh  a  postern  and  passed  the  rxrer. 
Afterwards,  as  necessity  sometimes,  and 
infloed  almost  idways,  discovers  means  and 
ministers  countgCi  she  went  to  Ahingilon 
on  foot,  and  thence  reached  WaUingford 
on  horseback.  But  this  I  purpose  de* 
scribing  more  fully,  if  by  God's  permission 
1  shall  ever  leiirn  the  truth  of  it  from 
those  who  were  present," 

Tliese  are  the  last  words  of  Malmes- 
bary's  Chrcmicle,  nnd  the  intention  there 
expresoed  was  never  fullilled.  From  this 
we  gather  that  the  chief  defence  of  Ox- 
ford was  then,  as  afterwards,  the  water 
by  which  it  waa  nearly  surrounded:  the 
trenches,  not  the  waHa,  are  specially  men- 
tioned. From  the  manner  in  which  the 
burning  of  the  city  is  spoken  of,  it  is  evi. 
dent  that  the  houses  were  of  wood  only, 
as  indeed  to  a  great  extent  they  still  are, 

Tlie  brief  aoeonnt  given  in  the  Con- 
tinuation of  the  Saxon  Chronicle  diflers 
slightly  from  that  given  by  MalmpHbury  ; 
it  is  there  said  that  "  th^  let  her  down 
from  the   tower  by   ropes,  and  she  atole 


j^g^ 


^J^t^-rrnk-^ 


112 


The  City  WaUs 


twaj,  and  sbe  fled,  and  she  went  oo  foot 
to  W all ingford  .**  Roger  of  Wcndaver  gives 
K  flligbtly  different  aeconnt : — 

"The  Empresa  seeing  that  for  so  long 
K  time  (from  MieboelniAS  to  Advent)  none 
of  her  frieods  came  to  her  afleastitnci^ 
pUjed  off  a  woman's  trick  upon  King 
Stephen^  and  escaped  by  night  over  the 
river  Thaniwi,  which  w«a  frozen, — dressed 
in  white,  and  attended  by  a  few  com- 
paiuoxu^  and  so  escaped,  for  the  enemy 


oould  not  iee  hw  on  immwiti:     "^    ' 
sling  of  the  snow,  lUid  tht  "T 

the  colour  b^etwwu   it   ami  •», 

She  therefore  fled  to  tho  i  «l- 

lingford,  and   ctiuntjittt'd   h^  :  be 

charge  of  Brian  Fitz-EarL  In  i die  manner 
the  Cafltlo  of  Oxford  waft  giv*>tt  uf*  lo  tht 
king." 

Roger  do  Hoveden*  and  llenry  of  H«tt* 
tingdon  rep€«t  the  same  itory  as  Rogor 
of  Wendover- 


.^f^O 


TLn  Towia-  nam  mmttiam}.  a«  ••tj  frean  tlia  J 


The  twonty  mtrnd  nuuidona  mentioned 

in  liw  Dotnniday  Survey  as  eiempt  from  the 

koiia»*tjix  to  iht>  Crown*  bocNtiMc  they  were 

diargftd  with  th(»  rv]mir  of  the  city  wnUa, 

i4r««  n  |irof»f  that  the  fbrtificftiions  were 

<p  at  that  time,  fmt  the  walhi  which 

.  r..  \u^trxA  r.,  k»*jqj  Ifl  repalF  were 

A  the  earthworks. 

'    ^^  ■'  'bo  inmX 

J  by  tho 

rirunutitL   us   hiU^k 

;  cnrtbon  mmindt 


and  trenches,  with  gabioiift  of  busket-worki 
arc  fo<ind  to  be  after  all  the  most  t^flectYtiit 
protectkin* 

Another  ground  bcsule  the  nbatract 
protiability  fen*  U'llcving  that  the  wulU  of  | 
Oxford  were  not  of  stone  either  in  tlk« 
Hoitmn  or  in  the  Ntjmmu  period  w.  Unit 
we  liAvi^  no  MMualnii  of  tuaitonr^'  of  ciUiofr 
of  tho«c  pi;rlodA,  althnugh  t'onftliktuldii 
partji  of  the  walls  of  roedievaJ  Uxfor^ 
reninln. 

In  the  13th«  lath,  and  tUl  l^xm^  HU 


1861.] 


and  other  PortificalioM  of  Oxford. 


US 


mfa\  Uci'nccs  were  grunted  for  butlding 

«  mmW,  >w  fippcar)  by  the  entries  in  the 

Is  of  'Mora^iuQi  pro  Hurgrn- 

uu.*     He  also  granted  market 

M  tiid  of  the  expense,  so  thiit  the 

tvnlli  were  probably  going  on  during 

n  gmt  pnrt  of  this  rdgn.     In  the  I'Uh 

•^f  Edward  11  r.,  1370,  or  about  n  ecnturjr 

wft^r  thtiir  erection,  we  find  mention  of 

ii   grant   from   tho  Abbot   of  Osney   to- 

wmnU  their  repair ;  luid  again,  in  the  time 

of  Riohard  11..  we  find  In  the  aose  Rolla 

an  order  to  tho  Mayor  and  Corporation 

to  repair  their  wall*,  which  arc  aaid  to 

b<ft  in  a  rmnoaa  condition,  and  a   freah 

toji  waa  levied  for  the  purpose. 

The  plan  U  the  u^ual  one  of  that 
period:  a  cortain-wallt  with  an  dure  or 
walk  on  the  top,  protected  by  n  parapet, 
and  ronnd  towers  at  regular  and  short 
inlrrralA.  These  towers  are  commonly 
called  biations,  and  the  term  is  convenient, 
though  it  U  tiBcid  in  a  isomewhat  diffcrtMit 
•ecBC  in  modem  fortification.  Immedi- 
ately within  this  wall  waa  a  narrow  street 
or  lane,  as  nsual  in  medieval  fortifications, 
to  enable  the  defenders  to  have  ready 
WbOtm  to  the  walU ;  the  ctaircaset  were 
pfbbftbly  contained  in  the  towera,  at  we 
liftve  DO  traces  of  any  of  the  straight  fttair- 
raaea  ^m  the  ground  which  are  common 
in  the  walU  of  French  town«  ;  but  in  the 
part  of  the  wall  which  surronuda  New  CoK 
1«^  the  fttraight  stjiircaAes  from  the  alure 
lO  thd  towers  remain.  Tl»e  bastions,  or 
toirtiPV  ibppesu'  to  have  Ijeen  more  nn- 
on  the  north  side  of  the  town 
I  on  the  other*,  becon*c  it  was  mnch 
^mtuPK  open  to  attack  on  that  side,  the 
rircn  forming  a  prot-cciion  on  the  east^ 
At,  and  iMjQth.  On  the  north,  nbo,  a 
qn?r  ditch  was  dng,  called  Canditch» 
lilch  had  a  running  stream  through  it^ 
branch  of  the  tlierwell  >>cing  turned 
tiirough  it.  and  there  was  a  similar  ditch 
or  stream  undi^r  the  south  wall  in  Merton 
Fields, 

The  wall  and  ditch  may  be  still  traced 

all  round  the  t«»wn,  though  piirtiidly  de- 

»^trpv«'4l,  aiul  much  coiKraled  by  modem 

i^'sj  but  wc  aooji  dii^^wcr  that  the 

i '"-^^m  it  not  piTfict,  84n'eral  do- 

■  A~\  it  having  betu  made  tit  hu 

AUG.  Vol,  VC\\, 


early  period.  At  the  north-west  comet 
the  Norman  castle  joined  on  to  the  town, 
and  made  it  useless  to  continue  the  wall  in 
that  part.  On  the  south  side,  the  Canons 
of  St.  Frideawide  had  obtained  permifsion^ 
in  1122*^,  to  make  a  projection  for  the 
purpose  of  enlarging  their  buildings,  on 
condition  of  carrying  tlie  wall  round  it, 
BO  that  the  fortliication  should  still  bt 
perfect 

"  That  part  of  the  wall  which  waa  be- 
tween Corpua  and  South-gate^,  wiih  seve- 
ral towers  and  the  houses  there*jn,  were 
pulled  down,  accordirg  to  a  composition 
[or  agreement]  between  tho  City  and 
Cardlijul  Wolsey,  to  erect  his  stately  col- 
lege npon  the  site ;  florae  other  buildings, 
includlntr  the  church  of  St,  Michael,  at 
.  ',  which  st<5od  on  the  site  of  the 
the  Profe*wr  of  Hebrew,  were 
i.,.i..u.irni;U  for  the  same  purpose  V 

At  the  north -east  comer,  William  of 
Wykeham  obtained  permission  to  include 
the  lane  within  the  wall  In  the  grounds 
of  his  New  College,  on  condition  that  he 
thoroughly  repaired  the  wall ;  he  also  en- 
gaged that  his  college  should  keep  this 
wall  in  perpetual  repnlr  j  and  this  agree- 
ment has  been  so  faithfully  carriwl  ont 
that  it  ia  now  the  only  part  of  the  city 
wall  that  remains  at  all  perfect.  Ttie 
battlements  and  allures  are  more  cotit- 
plet4*,  the  towers  are  more  lofty,  and  have 
loopholes  for  archers,  with  a  wide  splay 
within,  both  on  the  ground  and  on  the 
upper  rloor,  skilfully  arranged  to  com- 
mand the  whole  of  the  ditch  and  the 
postem^gate. 

To  enable  us  to  trace  out  the  walls, 
we  must  hear  in  mind  the  position  of  the 
old  gates :  the  North  gate  was  across  the 
Commark^t,  close  to  the  tower  of  St, 
Michael's  Church,  which  helped  to  protect 
it ;  the  South  gate  was  across  St  Aldate'i^ 
street,  dose  to  the  sooth- west  eoraer  of 
Christ  Chmrh ;  the  East  gate  waa  acro« 
the  Highstrect,  below  Queen's,  close  to 
the  comer  of  the  street  leading  to  Mer- 
ton ;  the  West  gate  was  in  Castle-street, 
beyond  the  church  of  St.  reter-Ic-Uailey, 
which  was  in  tho  Imilcy,  ballium,  or  outer 
court  of  the  Castle ;  ami  in  thin  pwrt  there 

•  Sec  ?«k*ll,  p<  m  note.       -  Ibid.,  p  195. 
P 


l^iL 


-xm 


r^_ 


114 


The  City  Walh 


M  no  tr«ce  of  tnj  fiane  wall  between  tba 
Cafttle  and  the  city ;  thoogh  there  waa  ft 
ditch  and  a  bridge  between,  with  a  harhi- 
tan  to  protect  tlie  end  of  the  bridge,  »on»e 
fouiidatioiu;  of  whicb  were  lately  found. 

From  the  Cofttie  to  the  North  gate  the 
wall  may  be  distinetly  traced  between  the 
houses  on  the  «onth  side  of  Ge<:)rge-hine, 
which  are  built  in  the  city  ditch,  and  thoM 
on  the  north  tide  of  New  Inn-lane,  which 
are  bailt  upon  the  watl,  and  the  difTerence 
of  level  16  fery  perceptible.  One  of  the 
bostiouf  or  towers  is  perfect,  with  a  square 
window  of  the  sixteenth  century  j  thia 
k  said  to  hare  been  used  as  a  ball  for  stu- 
dent«,  as  were  some  others  of  these  toaers. 

The  North  gate- bouse  wna  cnlleii  Bo- 
eardo,  and  wa*  long  used  aa  th«  ctty  pri« 
«Mi,  It  is  minutely  deacribed  by  Wood 
and  Peshall: — 

"Tills  was  the  sfcrongeit  gate  of  the 
dty,  as  indeed  for  good  reason  it  on$;ht, 
baring  no  river  before  it  as  the  others 
liad;  it  was  well  streng-thcTHHl  on  each 
nde  with  a  strong  bulky  towtr,  and  backed 
With  another  gfttc,  both  formerly  well 
fenced,  esjkccially  the  ontermoii,  with  a 
portcullis  to    let   down    before,    as   also 


i  milltaxy  engriM  erect  itgli 

which  waa  oast  down  nVM 

to  the  enemy  approtteh  ncsh 

a  gate  m  fltrengthen*  ,-|a 

Macho- Cfif *"'■-''-'  .^^  uv&t 

it  Itko  to  ti  i^aKling 

water  or  nil j  '-bf  be 

CRSt  uti  tbe  «58ail  ore 

were  two  great  fiM  jR, 

made  strong  with  Uir^  ol'  i:  -i 

them,  a«  alio  a  maasy  chan  1 

the  outward  giit-e. 

'*  By  wljich  we  cannot  tmagioe  otber* 
wise  itspriii^^"  ■  ^  ■  -*.  ..^-i  ■^t.'<r)gth,not 
only  for  for  ,  Lenienta^ 

atatnea,  ariil  AtT tided 

greftt  delight  to  atrangera  :  Uat 

way  ;  and  K>  it  might  have  >  l  tnt 

the  Barons*  waia  ceaaed,  bul  iii- 

peared«  ajod  oar  sworda  bec^i  f nd 

the  place,  tor  want  nf  rhe 

hands  of  the  mayor  ai  t  •  i  c r- 

wards  made  i  t  a  »''^"  ^ '  ■  >r« 

and  malefaetorB  vm 

city,  and  which  t-  sicd 

till  lately.  It  has  ai*«  bt-en  «»  priwti  for 
scIktIafs  for  little  faolta.  But  whnt  ten* 
dcrf  this  place  tbe  more  memorable  ta  the 
having  the  Archbishop  Cmnmer*  Ridley 
and  Lttlimer,  tht-re  prisoners  prcviuiia  to 
their  cniel  suiTeringa  by  fire  before  Ballto! 
College." 


$ 


^l| 


4ttk 


Thia  dncripUoQ  wppmx*  4-  — -•-  r-f 
•Elly  t«  a  gaUhiMi  o(f  th«  -i- 

•4aiv  that  period ; 
■nu  inc  €ti%ir  '^> .  J  irvrvtn^  <«i  ttcino,  sfbicida 
wivam  oa  tltt  fronl  of  a  ^•U^Ujmet  wan 


vcTj  rnmniOD  in  wh^  wBrtwoth  I'^utury. 
8tooe  Hgoi^  flf  ■plfflw  oo  the  fiattk* 
tnents  were  also  ftaqmitfy  iiscd^ 

In  the  intartal  bciwwn  the  itme  when 
this  lUaeripUoit  wne  v  f^y 

Wood  and  tJbt  tiiiM  o4'  t  Um 


^961.) 


and  other  Foritjicatiom  uf  Oxford. 


115 


<)lcj  NurtU-p*te,  or  Boetirdo,  Imd  Uowever 
ItMt  nearly  all  lU  original  cbiiructer,  nA  U 

jiicvident  ftxim  the  engnivinga  of  it  which 
Ave  been  preserved,  atid  which  represent 
\  the  «Ute  in  which  it  was  lef^  Bbortly 

I  tU  final  destruction. 

The    line   contiunea    between    Broad* 

strwt  Atid  Ship'lnne  in  the  same  innnner; 

and  lierc  another  of  the  towers  of  tlie  old 

waII  i*  tolerably  perfect,  behind  the  houses 

»flj  opfwsite  the  door  of  the  M!i«.tc*r  of 

^BaUioI.  Ttiljft  Is  said  to  huve  been  naed 
OS  A  pn«(ju  in  connection  with  the  room 
in  the  gate-hoase  over  the  North  gate, 
with  which  there  was  a  eommumcation  by 
the  passage  on  tho  top  of  the  wall^  a  part 
of  the  old  aluro.  In  this  tower  it  19  said 
that  Crflnn)er  waa  confined,  aa  it  formed 
part  of  the  prison  of  Hocordo.  The  ditcli 
hua  all  been  filled  up  and  bollt  upon,  and 
it  is  now  difiicidt  to  tell  the  exact  spot  of 
the  luartyrdom,  which  took  place  near 
the  bank  of  the  ditch  between  the  wall 
and  Balliol  College.  But  as  wc  are  told 
by  Foite  that  the  Master  of  D^dliol  spoke 
to  Cranmer  when  bound  to  the  stake*  and 
oi  the  Maater  of  Balliol  then  resided  in 
tbn  tower  over  the  College  gate,  it  it  pro- 


bable that  the  stake  waa  fixed  itnmf  diately 
opi^oBite  the  Collego  gateway  tower. 

The  cross  in  the  pavement  op]fK)S)t4> 
tho  door  of  the  Master  of  Batliors  pre* 
ficnt  houae  was  put  down  by  ignorant 
persons  wltliin  the  last  tifty  years,  with- 
out the  slightest  authority  for  that  site, 
WlieretiB  under  the  kerb-atone  of  the 
pavement  immediately  op^iosit«  the  CoUego 
gate,  there  is  a  large  ma^  of  wood-asheg 
extending  over  a  snrfitce  of  several  yard*, 
and  there  is  some  reason  to  believe  that 
this  waa  the  place  of  execution^ 

To  continue  the  line  of  the  wall.  Croas- 
iug  the  Turl,  where  there  was  a  postern 
gate,  and  where  about  sixty  yeiwa  ago 
tliore  was  a  tlight  of  steps  down  into  the 
ditch  and  a  turnstile  at  the  top  of  it,  the 
wall  piisMHl  under  the  south  end  of  my 
house  and  premlsea,  leaving  part  of  the 
narrow  street  before  mentioned  in  front 
of  Exeter  College  Chapel  and  the  north 
gate  of  the  college,  which  originally  faced 
north  to  this  street ;  and  the  gate  iu  the 
wall  with  the  City  amis  os^er  it  wjia  only 
taken  down  in  the  ricent  a^terationi. 
One  of  the  old  bastiotm  was  also  foun^  re- 
maining, buried  beneath  Prideaux's  Bnlld- 


8«Miaa  or  Uw  mtr  WaU 


Bg,     Part  of  the  TbMtro  «nd  of  tho 

rcUrend'iu  aUo  stand  on  the  rite  of  this 
part  of  the  old  wall. 

ktfom  the  narrow  piirt  of  the  street 


close  to  the  Clarendon  there  was  another 
postern^  called  Smith  gate,  and  in  the 
tower  or  boation  which  protected  this  on 
the  east  tide   was   Our   Lady's   Chapel, 


.^_ 


„M^ 


r-^^^ 


116 


The  City  Walls 


[Aug. 


of  which  the  doorway,  of  the  fifteenth 
century,  remains  tolerably  perfect,  with 
the  sculptures  over  it  representiog  the 


Annunciation,  mutilated  by  order  of  the 
Rump  Parliament. 


Sculpl-ire  fjvcr  Ov:   Pt^orway  of  th«   L<juiy  ULap«l. 


From  this  point  to  the  corner  of  New 
College,  part  of  the  wall  exists,  but  built 
upon  and  concealed;  the  difference  of  level 
caused  by  the  ditch  is  very  perceptible  in 
going  through  the  narrow  passage  from 
New  College-lane  to  HolywelL  The  view 
of  the  exterior  of  the  wall  from  the 
**  Slipe,"  or  slip  of  land  outside  the  wall, 
at  the  back  of  the  houses  in  Holywell 
and  Long  Wall,  g^ves  even  a  better  idea 
of  it  than  the  inside  from  New  College 
garden. 

A  small  portion  of  the  inside  of  the  wall 
may  be  again  seen  in  a  perfect  state  and 
free  fr<)m  ivy  in  East  Gate  Court,  between 
the  comer  of  New  College  garden  and  the 
High-street 

Crossing  the  High-street  by  the  site  of 
the  East  gate,  we  find  the  wall  still  toler- 
ably perfect,  surrounding  two  sides  of 
Merton  College  garden,  with  several  of 
the  towers ;  this  was  the  touth-west  angle 
of  the  city.  From  thence  to  Christ  Church 
it  is  pai  tly  destroyed  and  partly  hidden ; 
one  of  the  walks  in  the  garden  of  Corpus 
is  on  the  top  of  it. 

Passing  through  Christ  Church,  where 
the  wall  has  been  destroyed  by  Wolsey,  as 
before  mentioned,  and  crossing  St.  Aldate's 
on  the  side  of  South  gate,  we  again  find 
it  still  remaining  at  Pembroke  College, 


the  south  side  of  which  stunds  probably 
on  part  of  the  old  wall,  or  at  least  on 
the  site;  from  thence  to  the  Castle  it 
is  destroyed  or  concealed,  but  may  be 
traced  by  the  difference  of  level  in  the 
gardens. 

Tlie  solar  or  upper  chamber  of  the 
Little-g^te  was  used  as  a  Hall  for  scholars 
in  the  time  of  Edwaril  II.,  and  the  rent 
of  \Zs,  Qd.  was  paid  for  it  to  the  City, 
(13Z.  lOs,  of  our  money).  This  gate  was  also 
called  the  Water-gate,  and  Wood  says  it 
was  used  fbr  leading  cattle  to  water.  Its 
close  vicinity  to  the  river  is  sufficient  to 
account  for  the  name.  A  small  portion  of 
it  may  still  be  seen  at  the  south-west 
comer  of  Pembroke  College. 

Thb  Lives  of  Entbbnohmsvt. 

It  is  remarkable  that  although  so  much 
nearer  our  own  times,  and  although  we 
have  the  minute  journal  of  an  eye-wit- 
ness, it  is  more  difficult  to  ascertain  ex- 
actly the  lines  of  entrenchment  by  which 
Oxford  was  defended  during  the  Civil 
War  between  Charles  I.  and  the  Parlia- 
ment, than  the  fortifications  of  five  hun- 
dred years  before. 

It  seems  evident  from  Wood's  account 
that  t«o  distinct  sets  of  entrenchments 
were  commenced  and  partially  carried  out. 


1861.] 


and  other  FortificationB  of  Oxford. 


117 


but  it  vronM  nlso  appear  thiit  neither  of 
thrm  Wflf  ever  conipTeted;  nor  cnn  w*?  tell 
irHh  rniy  certainty  whicli  wns  tlie  earlier 
pUn  Ibiit  was  not  approvetl  of  alter  ii  wus 


oetirly  Otii§hed,  to  that  the  whole  work 
had  to  be  h^gtin  over  agfiin. 

The  nmthematical  scheme  of  Railings 
son  IB  mentioned  and  highly  approved  of 


\ 


IUU!i£i|iKHi'»  PUn  for  tixm  Fcirtifie*ttea  of  0xibf4< 
A  fit,  GiUtU  fkitrth,  C  Botanical  Ottnim. 


,  Ctukriea  T* 
E  8t.  ThomaM^s  CHtitch. 
F  Thif  Castle. 


In  April,  16*t3^  und  thi*  appear*  to  be  the 
one  engraved  in  the  Lathi  tmnshitlon  of 
Wood's  '  Annals,'  In  the  Septembur  And 
October  following-  we  ore  told  thut  tti<»o 
works  not  giving  oootent,  tbnnght«  were 
eutertaiued  of  newly  fortifj-ing  the  city, 
ftnd  tin?  was  iiccordingl^v  begoti  in  Jnnaary, 
lC4i.  mul  fortjf  pounds  a-week  was  levied 
Ibr  UiJ«  pnrpoae.  The  stego  began  in  May, 
16i6«  and  snppoAing  the  works  to  have 

^l»c«n  continued  steadily  the  whole  year, 
and  two  thousand  poniids  to  have  been 
•xpendcMl  upon  thetn,  this  seems  hurdly 

[■nfficient  to  have  completed  so  extensive  a 
fortiEcsttion.  I  am  inclined  to  think  that 
the  only  part  completed  was  that  to  the 
Dortli,  and  the  protection  afforded  by  the 
Kveri  and  the  slnices^  by  which  the  whole 
tonutry  ronnd  could  be  Hooded  on  the 
east*  west,  and  Kouth  aides  of  the  city,  was 
Bonsidered  liulficieat.    It  ia  certain  that  on 

^Iht*  north  we  have  oonaidermble  remains  of 
tbeae  earthworks,  and   none,  or  niezt  to 


none,  on  any  othor  side.  The  lines  extend* 
ing  from  Holywell  Cltun^h  to  St.  Gilea'a 
Church  can  still  be  traced  i^4th  tolerable 
distinctness,  and  I  thijik  the  double  teit 
of  enttinichments  abo.  The  njcientttic  serfea 
of  zigzags,  according  to  the  elaborate 
plan  of  Rallingson,  derived  from  the  worki 
of  the  great  Dutch  engineers  of  the  period, 
OS  h»s  been  flhewn  by  Captiim  Gibba 
Kigand'^  have  left  but  faint  traces  behind 
them.  A  field  in  tho  meadows  near  Holy- 
well Churchi  on  the  banks  of  the  Cherwell, 
has  the  hedge  and  ditch  which  separate 
it  from  the  neit  field  from  the  north,  fonned 
of  two  distinct  zigzaga,  which  are  more 
clearly  seen  by  looking  back  upon  them 
from  the  north.  There  are  also,  1  think* 
faint  indicittians  of  similar  rigtagsiii  other 
places  in  these  meadows,  and  again  in  the 
Parks,  immediately  to  the  north  of  the 
New  Museum.  Part  of  one  was  recently 
levelled  in  fonningthe  garden,  and  part  of  It 
still  remains  to  the  north  of  the  Iron  fence. 


*  lU*i)ucrd  frtitu  th^  1.alin  (hUUoq  of  Wood*i 
Siiioria  I'mrertitatii  Oj:trttitHMUt  folio. 


f  See  ArcHaKilogiosl  Joamat,  vol.  viU.  p.  306. 
(London.    t85L} 


118 


The  City  IVaUs 


[Aug. 


The  second  system  of  fortificatioii  appears 
to  he  more  simple  ami  more  subHtaiitiul, 
aiul  more  of  it  has  coiiscrjnently  remained. 

The  hetlgc  which  now  separates  the 
gardens  from  the  nunidow  occupieil  by 
Mr.  Charles  Symonds,  runnhig  in  the  di- 
rection from  the  zigzags  before-mentioned 
to  Wadham  College,  is  evidently  placed  on 
an  artiticial  embankment  of  six  to  eight 
feet  high,  or  more  in  some  parts ;  this  ap- 
pi'urs  to  have  joined  at  its  west  end  to  the 
simihir  embankment  round  the  east  and 
north  sides  of  the  garden  of  the  Warden 
of  Wadham.  This  was  probably  the  mound 
thrown  out  of  the  trench,  mentioned  by 
Wood,  "near  to  the  wall  of  St.  John's 
College  walks,  for  the  defence  of  the  Uni- 
versity and  City."  Had  this  mound  been 
thi'U  in  existence  Wood  probably  would 
have  mentioned  it. 

In  Loggan's  map  of  Oxford,  published 
in  1675,  these  lines  are  marked  much 
more  distinctly  than  in  Faden's  map, 
about  a  century  later,  and  far  more  promi- 
nent than  they  now  are ;  these  lines  arc 
continued  by  I^gan  on  the  west  side  of 
St.  Giles's  Church,  also  extending  from 
theneo  to  the  river,  passing  by  the  site 
of  the  present  workhouse.  In  a  meadow 
just  beyond  this,  between  the  University 
Printing-honacand  the  garden  of  Worcester 
College,  there  are  still  some  traces  of  en- 
trenchment! :  they  are  not  very  distinct, 
■carcely  more  than  as  if  on  old  hedge 
and  ditch  had  been  removed,  but  at  one 
oomer  is  a  mound,  as  if  for  a  fort,  and 
the  situation  agrees  with  Loggan's  map, 
on  which  no  trenches  are  marked  on  the 
other  sides  of  the  city. 

Wood  mentions  also  works  in  St.  Cle- 
ment's, to  protect  the  east  end  of  the 
liridge,  but  as  this  ground  is  now  all  built 
upon  I  do  not  think  that  anything  can  be 
made  oat  of  the  line  of  those  works.  A 
moand  on  the  hank  of  the  Cherwell,  on 
wluch  some  trees  have  lately  been  planted, 
has  rather  the  appearance  of  having  been 
a  Ibrt^  bnt  as  the  only  steep  embankment 
is  the  bank  of  the  river,  and  it  cannot  be 
traced  on  the  other  side,  it  is  very  doubtful 
whether  this  was  a  military  work  or  not 

In  Fkdcn's  map  of  Oxford,  published 
about  the  middle  of  Uic  hist  century,  some 


other  trenches  are  marked  on  the  south 
iiide  of  the  town,  n<'ar  where  the  Gas 
Works  are  now  situated,  but  these  are 
now  built  over.  On  Port  Meadow,  near 
the  bridge  over  the  railway  from  the  Ilut, 
there  are  some  remains  of  a  fort  or  en- 
closure, iKirtly  now  cut  through  by  the 
railway:  this  is  said  to  have  bien  for 
cavalry ;  it  was  evidently  a  detaclu'd  fort, 
and  was  probably  a  place  for  koeping  the 
horses  in  safety,  or  it  may  have  been  a 
cavalry  camp. 

The  following  extracts  from  Wor.d's 
"Annals,"  relating  to  the  fortifications 
and  the  preparations  for  the  defence  of 
Oxford  against  the  Parliamentary  forces, 
may  prove  interesting  at  the  present  time, 
when  the  spirit  of  miliUiry  ardour  has 
again  been  roused  in  the  University : — 

"In  August,  16 V3,  while  those  things 
were  in  doing,  the  high  way  at  tlie 
hither  end  of  Kitst  bridge,  just  at  the 
corner  of  the  chaplains'  quadrangle  of 
Magdalen  College,  was  blocked  up  with 
long  timber  logs,  to  keep  out  horsemen. 
A  timber  gate  was  set  up  also  at  the 
end  of  the  logs,  next  towards  the  Col- 
lege, for  common  passage  of  carts  and 
horses  to  bring  provision  to  the  city,  which 
gate  was  commonly  kept  shut  at  nights 
and  chained  up.  There  were  three  or  four 
loads  of  stones  carried  up  to  Magdalen 
College  tower  to  fling  down  upon  the 
enemy  at  their  entrance.  Two  posts  set 
up  at  Smith-gate  for  a  chain  to  run 
through  them,  to  block  up  that  way 
against  horsemen,  and  a  crooked  trench 
in  fonn  of  a  bow,  made  across  the  high 
way  at  the  end  of  St.  John's  College  walks, 
next  the  New  Park,  to  hinder  the  entrance 
of  any  forces  that  should  come  that  way. 
At  which  place,  as  also  at  the  Kiist  bridge, 
was  a  ver^'  strict  sentinell  kept  every  night. 

"Upon  Saturday,  l>eing  the  20th  of 
August,  in  the  atternoon,  the  scholars 
and  privileged  men,  to  the  numl)er  of  400, 
or  450,  rep.iired  agidn  with  their  arms  to 
New  Park,  where  they  were  instructed  in 
the  words  of  command  and  their  military 
postures,  in  a  very  decent  manuer. 

"  So  delightful  a  prosjiect  was  it  to  be- 
hold the  forwardness  of  so  many  proper 
young  gentlemen,  intent  dociblc  and  pli- 
able in  their  business,  that  the  like  could 
not  be  now  seen  in  Kngbind,  as  their 
leaders  and  divers  then  iu  the  field  did 
acknowledge.  Towiirdscvening  thi*  wtmther 
being  wet.  they  marelud  through  St.diles's 
Parish  and  Cauditch  to  New  College,  and 


and  other  Fortifications  of  Oxford, 


00  for  that  tfme  they  pnrted.  It  was  then 
rvport^  that  the  Citiieiia  should  have 
'  leii  that  day  in  eoine  place  with  the 
ilnrs,  to  the  end  that  it  might  have 
r|»^.,.*i  ■''^'  'TTied  that  the  Scholars' arm  a  and 
{  vt?re  not  b) trowed  of  them,  sa 

»'  i  nissterly  suggested  :  bat  wbetlier 

wijR  tor  fear  of  some  eniuktion  or  other 
ptieies  that  might  have  risen  between 
ea,  if  they  were  that  time  in  arm  a, 
ImtMnding  it  was  also  then  reported 
city  1>urg»»e«  in  Pflrliamcnt  had 
en  them  to  train,  least  they  should 
I'j  it  for  the  King,)  I  know  not, 
T  ns.  it  seemA  trainf^  then  not  at 

Ik  f  here  or  any  where  else.  . , 

"  is'ovtjuiber  30.    Al>out  the  &ame  time 
wa»  a  new  gate  of  timber  set  on  the  eaet 
■idge,  and  a  bolwark  raised  T>etwecn  it 
d  the  comer  of  the  Physic  Giirden  wiill, 
hirh,  being  finiAbedt  were  phuit«d  there- 
two  pieces  of  ordnance,  to  ttecure  the 
trance   that  way.     A  trench  also  was 
ing  at  that  time,  near  to  that  of  the 
by  the  wall  of  St»  John's  College 
nlks,  for  the  defence  of  the  Univenity 
id  (Ity. 

Dec*    6.     Monday,     The    Univcraity 
Ihnau  went  iibout  the  city  warning  all 
tewonii  thut  were  house-keepers 
i»?  of  their  famil_v  the  next  day 
(he  works  through  New  Park* 
ircording  to   whidi  order  the    colleges 
i  men*  and   many  appeared   and   did 
for  several  days.     The  citizens  also 
Warned  to  work  at  the  bulwarks  on 
side  of  St.  Giles's  Charch,  and 
|t  y  by  St.  John^a  College  walks; 

At  day,  when  the  King  rode  to 
WW  tlte  said  fortifications,  he  fooiid  but 
12  persons  working  on  the  City  behalf, 
vbercas  there  should  have  been  122,  of 
_  Irhich  neglect  his  Majesty  took  notice, 
and  told  them  of  it  in  the  field.  .  . 

•*  D*»c.  15,  TImrsday.  A  written  Procla- 
im   "'  I-.  pabliahed  by  his  Majesty,  di- 
]  r  iL>  City»  to  bring  in  more  amis, 
gh^^.,.    .,  .*-ive  and  defensive.  In  obedience 
whieh  order  they  did,  though  they  were 
at  few,  and  were  pnt  in  the  magazine 
Qther  arms  and  famiture,  bullets, 
iWder,  match,  Stc,  in  New  College 
Tster  and  tower.      As  for  all  aorta  of 
that  were  bronght  in,  were  laid  in 
and  logick  schtKjb,  victuals  in 
Inildhall.  cloath  and  conts  for  soldiers 
Mutiick   and  Aatnmoray  SehooU. 
ftnjwwder  also  was  made  at  a  mill  at 

and  the  Mint  for  coinage  was  at 

Kew'inn. , , 

•'  Ft^lu  So,  8fttor<l«y.  Dr.  Richard  Stew- 
art, Dfifin  of  l^aul's,  went  to  the  Vice- 
chanccilor.  Dr.  Tolson,  to  thank  him  in  the 


King's  name,  for  the  University,  thdr 
working  in  the  trenches  about  the  City, 
witii  a  desire  that  in  regard  the  City  waa 
backward  in  their  taak  of  work^  the*  t'ni- 
versity  would  be  pleased  to  help  them 
forward.  This  desire  l>etng  very  reasonable, 
was  accordingly  answered.  . . 

"The  works  and  fortifications  also  did 
now  go  on  apace,  and  those  in  St.  Clemenf  a 
Pariish,  on  the  cast  side  of  Oxford*  were 
about  this  time  begun.  Which,  with  other 
fortifications  about  the  City  were  mostly 
contrived  by  one  Richtird  Ridlingson,  Ba- 
daelor  of  Arts  of  Queen's  College,  who  also 
had  drawn  a  mathematical  schiime  or  plot 
of  the  garrison.  Uis  endeavours  in  this  na- 
ture gave  so  great  satisfaction  to  the  King 
that  he  forthwith  sent  lottx^rs  in  his  behalf 
to  the  University,  to  confer  the  degree  of 
Master  of  Arts  ujwin  him:  which  lelttTS 
being  read  in  Convocation  17th  of  October, 
was  then  admitted  Master  of  Arts,  ,  . 

"June  21.  His  Majesty,  for  the  Iwtter 
furthering  of  the  fortifications,  did  de- 
sire and  require  the  principal  Governor  of 
every  Collega  to  appoint  one  or  more  of 
the  ofl^cers  or  servants  of  the  colleges, 
upon  notice  given  to  them  of  the  day  from 
the  (^mmissioners  for  working,  to  give 
notice  to  all  Scholars  and  Lodgei-^  in 
colleges,  to  observe  their  day,  and  to  de- 
liver a  true  note  of  their  names  to  the 
Commissioners  under  their  hands,  to  ap- 
point one  in  every  college,  to  collect  the 
monies  of  the  defaulters^  and  pay  it  over 
to  the  treasurer  appointed  to  receive  it, 
and  a  true  note  of  those  that  neither  work 
nor  pay  for  their  defaults.  Half  the  collegea 
and  half  the  h:ilk  were  to  work  on  Monday, 
and  the  other  half  on  Tuesday,  frona  6  to 
11  in  the  morningt  and  from  1  till  6  at 
night,  and  every  person  to  bring  bis  tool 
with  him.  The  fortifications  that  they  wero 
to  work  at  were  drawn  tltrcmgh  that  part 
of  Christ  Church  Mead,  that  is,  next  to 
U rand [jont- street,  , . 

"Jane  21.  Soon  afler,  viz,  in  Sept, 
and  Oct.,  thoughts  Ixnng  entertained  of 
new  fortifying  the  City,  (the  Worka  that 
were  made  this  and  the  last  year  giving 
not  content,)  moneys  must  be  mised  to 
eflect  it,  and  the  burden  to  be  hiid  upon 
the  University  and  City,  now  almost 
drained  of  their  treasure.  And  as  it  was 
then  forcaeen,  and  in  a  manner  contrived, 
so  it  came  to  pa£s  in  January  following,  for 
on  the  18th  day  of  that  month  it  wai 
ordered  by  the  Lords  and  other  of  liia 
Mujcsty^s  Commissioni  r»,  upon  conference 
had  with  the  heads  of  Colleges  and  llolls, 
that  the  University  should  for  the  space 
of  20  weeks  (to  commence  from  the  22nd 
of  the  said  montbj  contribute  weekly  the 


120 


The  City  Walls 


[Aug. 


sum  of  40/».,  to  be  levied  upon  the  Col- 
leges and  Halls  according  to  the  propor- 
tions set  down  in  a  certain  Schedule  which 
they  had  drawn.  Tlie  dne  payment  of 
which  should  exempt  all  scholars  of  what 
condition  soercr  (with  all  their  servants 
and  Bedells,  not  exercising  any  trade  in 
the  City)  from  all  contributions  in  any 
kind  towards  the  said  work. . . 

"In  performance  of  which  proclama- 
tion, the  Scholars  did  those  things  re- 
quired therein,  and  upon  Thursday,  the 
14th  of  May,  they  with  the  strangers  be- 
forementioned  newly  listed  and  raised 
shewed  their  arms  and  mustered  in  Mag- 
dalen College  Qrove  to  the  number  of  6SK) 
or  thereabouts,  giving  very  great  content- 
ment to  the  spectators  in  seeing  so  many 
Tonng  men  so  docile.  The  Tuesday  after 
both  the  University  and  City  Regiments, 
mustered  again  in  Bullington  and  Cowley 
Green,  and  the  King  did  them  that  honor 
to  be  present  at  their  musterings.  The 
Earl  of  Dover  himself  conducted  the 
University  Kegiment,  and  Thorn.  Smyth, 
Brewer,  now  Mayor  of  the  City,  was 
Colonel  of  the  City  Regiment.  . . 

"  The  chiefest  matter  observable  is  the 
15  days*  Siege  of  Oxon,  by  Sir  Thom.  Fair- 
fax, beginning  May  22,  and  ending  June  5. 
He  made  his  first  appearance  by  some  scat- 
tered Horse  near  Cowley,  May  19.  From 
thence  they,  with  other  Horse  and  Foot, 
passed  over  Bullington  Green  to  Merston, 
shewing  themselves  on  Heding^n  Hill. 

"The  22  day  he  sat  down  before  Ox- 
ford,  and  then  began  the  Siege,  making 
a  Breast-work  on  the  East  side  of  Cher- 
well  River,  and  a  Bridge  over  that  part 
of  the  said  River  near  Merston. 

''The  23  day  Godstow  House  was  fired 
by  the  owner,  David  Walter,  Esq.,  High 
Sherifi*  of  the  County,  (since  one  of  the 
Grooms  of  the  Bedchamber  of  King 
Charles  II.)  least  the  enemy  should  make 
it  a  place  of  defence. 

May  26.  Sir  Thom.  Fairfax  put  over 
4  Foot  Regiments  and  13  Carriages  at 
their  new  Bridge  over  Cherwell  River,  he 
having  his  head  quarters  at  Merston,  01. 
Cromwell  at  Wytham,  and  Major  Browne 
at  Wolvercote. 

"May  27.  Two  Reffiments  (the  white 
and  red)  with  two  pieces  of  Ordnance, 
marched  over  Isis  at  Godstow  bridge,  and 
so  by  Botley  to  South  Henxsey,  which 
party  were  continually  playing  on  that  in 
Mr.  Oliver  Smyth's  house,  (held  by  him 
of  University  Coll.)  standing  without  the 
South  prtrt,  and  continually  guarded  and 
relieved  with  Soldiers  out' of  Oxford  Gar- 
rison, but  for  the  most  part  repelled  with 
the  loss  of  men  and  members.    All  this 


while  the  Governor  of  Oxon  (Col.  Will. 
Legge)  seeing  the  Pnrliamenteera  quiet 
besiegers,  and  that  they  fought  only  with 
perspective  glasses,  was  resolved  to  quicken 
them,  and  therefore 

"June  2,  about  one  of  the  clock  at 
night,  he  went  himself  with  near  1000 
Horse  and  Foot  towards  Hedington  Hill, 
where  the  Parliamenteers  kept  a  strong 
guard  as  well  of  Horse  as  Foot.  While 
the  Governor  advanced  up  the  hill  the 
Parliamenteers  vapoured  and  cried  aloud 
that  'the  Cavaliers  did  only  fiourish,  and 
durst  not  come  up  to  them:'  wherefore 
fearing  lest  their  stay  would  not  be  long 
there,  he  sent  Colonel  David  Walter,  Sir 
Thom.  Gardiner,  and  Capt.  Grace,  with 
parties  of  Horse,  to  fetch  a  compass  by 
St.  Barthelmew's  Hospital,  and  to  leave 
the  end  of  Cheyncy  lane  next  to  Shotover 
on  the  lePb  hand,  and  at  a  certain  sign 
given  they  were  to  set  on  them  on  their 
rear,  when  the  Governor  and  his  men  were 
ready  to  do  so  on  the  fore  front.  The  sign 
being  given,  they  fell  on  them  so  rigor- 
ously,  that  of  137  Musquiteers  (which 
was  the  Parliamentarian  number)  but  one 
escaped.  Their  Horse  also  shamefully  ran 
away,  and  left  their  Foot  to  have  been  nil 
cut  to  pieces,  had  not  the  Governor  ordered 
to  give  quarter.  They  had  for  some  hours 
before  most  insufferably  railed  against  the 
King  and  Queen's  Majesty,  which  much 
incensed  the  Oxford  Horite.  Of  these  Par- 
liamenteers 52  were  killed,  92  were  brought 
in  Prisoners,  (whereof  7  were  Horsemen) 
with  their  Captain,  one  Gibbons,  and  their 
Lieutenant,  a  preaching  Silk-weaver :  with 
those  Prisoners  were  taken  30  or  40  cows, 
which  the  Parliamenteers  the  same  even- 
ing stole  back  again  through  negligence 
of  the  guard,  but  while  they  were  in 
action,  the  Garrison  of  Woodstock,  which 
was  for  the  King,  came  forth  to  visit 
them,  took  12  Prisoners,  and  killed  a  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel  of  Horse. 

"  This  being  the  most  considerable  action 
that  was  done,  the  mock-shew  at  Oxford 
ended  the  5  of  June,  and  the  next  day  Sir 
Thom.  Fairfax  went  to  Borstall  house, 
near  Brill,  in  Buckinghamshire,  which  he 
endeavouring  to  storm,  was  courageously 
repelled  by  Sir  William  Campion,  the 
Gk)vcmor,  and  Defendants.  The  next 
month  hapned  the  fatal  Battle  at  Naseby, 
in  Leicestershire,  [Northamptonshire,] 
wherein  the  King's  Army  being  totally 
overthrown,  all  Cities,  Castles,  Forts, 
Towns,  &C.  that  belonged  to  him,  and 
stood  out  in  his  defence,  were  soon  after 
surrendred  to  the  Parliament:  among 
which  Oxford  being  the  chieft>st,  you 
shall  have  an  account  the  next  year. 


18G1.] 


and  other  Fortifications  of  Oxford. 


in 


**  Soon  afler  it  being  foresueji  tliat  an- 
other stricter  fiiegt;  vt'oulrl  follow,  his  Ma- 
'"  *tjr  trrderfd  that  the  Governor  give  notice 
the  VlcechanceHor,  geveral  HeJicU  of 
I  and  Hnlls,  Muyor,  Aldermen,  and 
\  VViirdenfi  of  every  Punsli,  that  tbey 
within  their  gevcral  limitii,  that 
iwns  nnd  ig  his  Majesty  %  plensure,  that 
r#  «iriet  ftccoont  he  forthwith  tnken  of 
what  provwiiHJB  t*aeh  perwjn  had  U>  hold 
out  for  6  monthfi,  jM'Conlinjj  to  a  Procla- 
Eiation  thnt  wu^  then  newly  ordered  by 
bis  Mftjt^aty  ti  be  pubUhbed. 

**  l^jK>n  this  there  wua  booh  after  |[^eiit 

provisions  made  by  the  generality  of  the 

opie,  t>nt  hMist  nonie  *ihould  Iw  haekwnrd 

nd  alow  in  the  business,  the  order  wna 

ived  Again  12  Jan,,  and  with:d  sfriet 

otice  was  then  given  thnt  the  \^  of  the 

aid   inoiitli   there    should   be  a   ^enend 

arch    in    every    plaee    made,    wht-ther 

!lcttSAl«  were  acconlingly  providwL  Alwnt 

naine  time  also  the  Kw^  pn**lished 

%\  Injiinclions  to  be  observed  by  thei 

liaon  in  order  t*)  Kcligi au,  I  he  piirtt- 

aliirs  uf  whifh  lx*ing  inuny,  I  hIiuH  omit 

beiu :    !tnd   *«ent    a    Warrant   niider    his 

and   to  the  lleadi  of   HoniH^H  for  the 

ding  of  Divine  Serviof^  esrablinhcd  by 

Ivaw,  daily.  Morning  and  Evening,  and  to 

fast  on  VN^edne^days  and  Fridaya. 

An.  \}um.  164fv  22  Car.  L 

'*  Here  ndght  be  subjoined  a  series  of 

tv..  <;   v .  ».Tt(»rs  of  Oxford  (t>r  rather  the 

;  >  ^  of  the  University)  from  the 

I  t  *  Jime  one  of  tbt^  Kiii^*»  Uftrri- 

i^fbii:  uriU«  eifpecially  since  the  bravery  of 

the  Aciidi'miaiir  shone  t'onspi<'n*'«J*  in  evf-ry 

"Hiitiuii,  we  nnglit  rolntc  tlie  exploits  both 

'ere  and   elsewhere  of  thote  noble  and 

rave  ronnniinderfi^  • (ternrd,  Sir  Jobn 

Ptsnuymnni  Sh-  Jaeoh  Af*hley,  iSir  Htnry 

lafre.    Sir   Arthur   A«ton,    Kt,,    Csdoiud 

Tilliuui  Ltvipe,  and  Sir  Thom.is  Gleuham, 

Irere  it  tuA  to  ttilrude  mto  itnftther's  pro- 

rinec.  and  relate  aetiona  that  would  ndom 

he  pnijfo  of  the  Cuinmentaries  of  the  Civil 

[WTar.     Meanwhile   the   readers  of   th<'so 

kiinolM  m.iy  bo  informed,  ihut  when  news 

■ivrdthiit  the  siege  of  Bashig  was  raifsed, 

tlic   fort'ed   marches  and  surroandng 

M)opii  of  t!!.'  i'lii'tnv  n  vidnntier  party  of 

be  Gown  i;  ned  thither:  When 

jLbendon  w  *  of  eicgc,  and  on  the 

kbit  of  MiiFr.  ndrijig,  itt)  suceesjiirtil  relief 

t\n^  b^vrtfininp  rmght  principally  to  be 

to  the  briivcry  of  otir  Mead; 

I  a  iTTftceful  repnbie  which  immc- 

xvtd  must  b<?  impntcnl  to  the 

1  f  others.     The  **inie  nioy  be 

4^    :  .uintf  the  recovery  of  the  great 

Untiianee  nt  liennin^ton,  and  all  t!ie  im- 

plfimenta  of  war  there«  after  tho  iiufor- 

G«yT.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXL 


tunnte  overthrow  at  Newbury.  And,  not 
to  dwell  on  particulars,  it  should  be  known 
that  Lieutenant  Colonel  Nuth.  Campsfield, 
who,  after  almost  everything  had  fallen 
into  the  Hcbida'  hftTida,  passed  a  whole 
winter  with  tlie  Oxford  Honw!,  though 
Hurrounded  by  the  enemy's  garrmonB,  un- 
dismayed by  their  succesiiive  ntlaelis  and 
nianeuvre*,  was  a  companion  in  all  dan- 
gers with  Mead  before  mentioned, and  the 
Gownsmen.  Again  it  ihould  be  related, 
that  the  bravery  of  the  AcademlARs  wa« 
not  confined  to  the  defiance  of  Oxford  and 
the  ndjncrnt  country,  but  they  were  al- 
ways active  wherever  the  Royal  Forces 
were  engiiged :  So  many  of  them  wtre 
known  to  be  in  actual  fttrvice  elsewhere, 
that  'tis  matter  of  u  onder  that  any  were 
present  in  defence  of  the  City ;  and  on  the 
otlier  hand,  such  a  niiuibcr  of  brave  de- 
fenders were  here,  that  'tii*  not  ea«y  to 
conceive  there  con  Id  be  any  elsewhere  em* 
ployed.  Ont  of  the  one  hundred  Student* 
at  Christ  Chnrch  (and  if  the  Communeri 
were  to  be  added  the  number  woidd  be 
proporioiiably  «ntreased)  twenty  were 
( )tiiccrH  in  the  King's  Army,  and  the  rest 
almost  to  a  man  were  inde'atignble  in  prO' 
tecting  the  dwellings  of  the  inhabit anta 
of  this  place :  and  the  sane  may  be  said 
of  the  other  Colleges.  Trnly  Charlefl,  who 
w*a*  ever  ready  in  forming  a  just  estimate 
of  things,  entertained  snch  an  high  opinion 
of  the  fideliy  and  courage  of  his  Univer- 
sity, that  whenever  be  was  called  out  of 
0*f  rd,  he  I'eld  himself  bound  to  summon 
a  Council  of  the  Cniveniity  Trotsps,  and 
entniisted  to  their  peculiar  care  the  whole 
coittmand  and  this  deareiit  pledges  he  left 
b«  hind.  .  . 

*'A  few  davi  before  the  Treaty  ended, 
when  the  Oxonians  perceived  it  was  like 
to  Hiici-et^d,  they  played  thrir  cimntm  day 
and  night  into  the  enemies  I  eagueri^  and 
Quarters,  discharging  eome times  near  200 
shot  in  a  day  (at  rai-dom,  a*  'twas  con- 
ceived) rather  to  spend  tlieir  piwdtr.  than 
to  do  any  ciecntioii ;  however  they  showed 
gootl  gkill  in  that  they  levied  their  pieces 
so,  as  they  shat  into  tlie  Ltaguer  at 
nedin^rt^DU*  Hilb  and  there  k  Ih  d  Lten- 
tenatitCol.  Colsworth,niKl  likew  ise  intothe 
Leaguer  on  Colonel  Rainsbijrough's  ttide, 
where  they  killed  a  Sutler  nnd  others  iu 
tbi'ir  tents.  The  enemies  cannon  in  recom- 
penee  played  tierei'ly  ufwu  the  defendants, 
and  much  annoy e<l  them  in  their  Works, 
Honse?,  and  Colleges,  till  at  hist  a  cejwatton 
of  great  iibot  was  agreed  tfion  Iwth  sides. 

*'  Tl»e  20,  Saturday,  tht-  Treaty  for  the 
Surrender  of  Oxford  was  finished  between 
the  ComnitasjotMfTB,  and  concluded  upon 
26  Artidea," 


122      The  City  Walls  and  other  Fortifications  of  Oxford.      [Aug. 


The  following  is  the  substance  of  the 
discussion  which  took  place  after  the 
reading  of  the  foregoing  paper : — 

The  Pbesident  returned  thanks  to  Mr. 
Parker  for  his  very  interesting  paper.  He 
called  attention  to  the  mound,  or  rather 
indications  of  a  rise  in  the  ground,  in 
what  was  known  by  the  name  of  St.  John's- 
road,  near  the  "  Horse  and  Jockey"  Inn. 

Mb.  Pabkbb,  honrever,  explained  that 
he  had  good  reason  to  state  that  these 
were  but  the  remains  of  some  gravel-pits, 
opened  sixty  years  ago. 

The  Pbesident  also  called  attention  to 
the  indications  of  the  High-street  having 
once  been  of  a  higher  level  than  it  at  pre- 
sent stood.  Upon  the  outside  of  Univer- 
sity College  there  was  a  distinct  line,  ap- 
parently produced  by  exposure  to  the 
moisture  of  the  pathway,  about  two  feet 
from  the  ground,  which  would  seem  to 
shew  that  the  ancient  level  of  the  street 
was  higher  at  this  point. 

Mr.  Parker  thought  it  extremely  pro- 
bable that  the  same  kind  of  alteration 
had  been  made  here  which  there  was  good 
evidence  for  believing  had  been  adopted 
in  St.Aldate's,  namely,  that  the  sudden 
pitch  which  the  street  made  towards  the 
river  had  been  obviated  by  rendering 
the  declivity  less  rapid,  llie  effect  of 
the  levelling  would  produce  exactly  the 
results  referred  to. 

Captain  Burrows  said  that  it  would 
g^reatly  increase  the  obligation  which  the 
Society  was  under  to  Mr.  Parker  if  he 
would  name  a  day  to  conduct  some  of  the 
members  over  the  site  of  the  old  walls. 

Mr.  Parker  expressed  his  willingness 
to  do  so,  and,  after  some  discussion,  Uie  fol- 
lowing Saturday  was  fixe<l  as  the  day. 

The  Librarian  wished  to  say  a  few 
words  on  one  p  int  adverte<l  to  in  the  lec- 
ture. It  had  been  mentioned  that  Cranmer, 
Ridley,  and  Latimer  were  burnt  upon  the 
public  place  of  execation.  He  asked  if 
there  was  any  authority  fi)r  saying  that 
there  was  any  such  definite  place  of  exe- 
cution? He  had  no  doubt  that  the 
cross  by  Balliol  did  not  mark  out  such 
a  spot ;  and  he  moreover  greatly  doubted 
whether  both  the  executions  occurred  at 
the  same  place.    He  had  been  present 


when  the  ashes  referred  to  had  been 
discovered  opposite  Balliol  College;  but 
he  thought  they  were  scarcely  six  or  eight 
feet  below  the  surface,  while  the  bottom 
of  the  ditch  at  that  spot  must  have  been 
eighteen  or  twenty  feet  deep.  Though 
some  stakes  had  been  found,  there  were  no 
less  than  six,  so  that  none  could  very  well 
be  the  particular  one  to  which  Cranmer 
had  been  chained.  These  were  charred  at 
the  point,  and  were  supposed  to  belong  to 
fortifications  of  some  kind.  He  then  pro- 
duced an  iron  band,  which  he  stated  to  be 
that  which  was  usually  supposed  to  have 
bound  Cranmer  to  the  stake.  All  that 
was  positively  knovm  about  it  was  that 
it  originally  came  from  Bocardo,  and 
during  the  time  of  its  being  in  the  Caa^e, 
where  it  used  to  be  hung  up,  it  always 
went  by  the  name  of  "  Cranmer's  band  »." 
Now  Kidley  and  Latimer  had  certainly 
been  burnt  some  time  before  Cranmer, 
and  in  the  account  of  their  execution 
there  is  mention  made  of  a  certun  sum 
paid  for  the  use  of  chains :  no  such  entry 
appears  in  the  case  of  Cranmer;  whence 
it  had  been  ingeniously  supposed  that  in 
the  meantime  the  Oxford  authorities,  ex- 
pecting more  executions,  had  invented  this 
more  convenient  apparatus.  The  Librarian 
added,  that  one  reason  for  exhibiting  the 
band  that  evening  was,  that  it  might  be 
the  last  opportunity  the  Society  might 
have  of  seeing  it  in  Oxford,  as  it  belonged 
to  a  gentleman  in  Suffolk,  to  whom  it 
was  shortly  to  be  returned.  That  such 
a  curious  relic  of  antiquity  should  be  re- 
moved from  Oxford  was  a  great  pity,  but 
he  was  enabled  to  say  that  did  his  friend 
see  a  prospect  of  the  University  preserv- 
ing the  Ashmolean  as  an  Historical  Mu- 
seum, supplying  for  the  Schools  of  History 
what  the  Museum  in  the  Parks  supplits 
for  the  Schools  of  Science,  he  would  be 
willing  that  Cranmer*s  band  should  be  de- 
posited there. 

The  President  fully  concurred  in  the 
hope  that  puch  arrangements  would  be 
made  as  should  preserve  a  good  Historical 
Museum,  and  he  thought  it  very  im- 
portant also  that  this  curious  relic  should 

ff  Vide  an  account  of  thii*  bund  in  Oiutt.  Mao., 
Juljr,  1857,  p.  62. 


1«6L]  Anglo-Saxon  Charters.  123 

'^%e  preserved  to  Oxford  in  §uch  a  col  lee-  itiscribt'd  with  rd  R^  and  might  jwwsiblj 

He  regretted  thnt  lie  liad  not  with  have  bclong:ed  to  Ridley. 

Ktm  A  cnriouji  braaa  ring  in  hU  [>OBseas]on«  After  amne  furtlier  diacnssiow  on  the 

brought  originally  Irom  Bocardo,    It  wsks  subject,  the  meeting  wns  ji^ourned^ 


THE  WALK  ROUND  OXFORD. 
Of  May  2S,  agreeably  to  arrangement,  a  nnnit-rou*  party  accompanied  Mr.  Parker  in 
,  walk  ronnd  the  old  city  walla,  following  aa  closiily  as  possible  thu  line  uf  the  old  city 
ditch.  They  started  from  Tori-street,  and  behind  the  houses  both  in  BpckwJ- street  and  in 
3efirge-lane,  were  able  to  discover  mnny  rt'maina  of  the  wu!l,  and  in  sonie  few  instancei 
^Ofhutions;  whilCi  throughout,  the  diflbrence  of  level  enabled  them  to  diiitinguifib  the 
line  of  the  ditch.    The  ground  near  the  Ciietle  had  been  so  much  disttirWl  that  it  Wli 
diiBf^nlt  to  trace  the  Casile  boundaries;  hut  on  the  other  side  of  the  city,  pacing  along 
Pembroke  College,  nncl  through  Christ  Clmrcli,  round  Merton  College  and* New  Col- 
lege, the  line  was  distinctly  traceable,  and  for  the  gpreater  p  irt  of  the  diatanee  the  walli 
■citinlly  remnining.     Remarks  were  niflde  at  the  most  int-erefiting  spots,  chiefly  liy 
Mr.  Parker;  but  sevenil  diKcus^^ionB  took  place,  iu  wbich  the  Principal  of  New  Inn 
Hall  atid  other  gentlemen  joined. 

After  concluding  the  round  of  the  oTd  city,  the  party  procceckd  to  visit  the  remains 
€Kf  the  earthworks  in  the  Parks,  Aic.,  whit-h  were  thrown  up  for  tlie  defence  of  Oxford 
in  the  time  of  Charles  I.  On  returning  to  R  road -street,  and  after  examining  the  re- 
Lft  of  **  Our  Lady's  Chapel/*  the  party  dispersed. 


AKGLO-SAXON  CHABTEllS. 
We  do  not  often  transfer  to  our  pages  information  that  has  appeared 
elsewhere,  but  we  depart  from  our  rtile  in  the  present  instance  in  order 
that  we  may  give  such  assistance  as  is  in  our  power  to  diffuse  the  know- 
ledge of  a  forthcoming  publication,  which  ts  a  great  desideratum  for  our 
«arly  history,  and  which  it  is  imposs^ibje  could  be  undertaken  by  more 
L>mp€teut  hands.  It  is  hardly  necessary  to  say  that  we  wish  it  every 
iccess, 

"Anglo-Saxon  Ciiaeters.— Mr.  Thorpe  has  nearly  ready  for  tlie  press  a  volume 
comprising  copies  of  alt  the  Charters  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  period  known  to  be 

ttant,  tt^lusite  of  the  simple  grants  of  land  ;  that  is,  every  charter  of  strictly 
kbtoric  interest ;  tIz.  the  wills  of  royal  and  noble  persona,  prelates  and  others  j 
miscellaneous  charters;  maniimissious  of  serfs.  The  work  will  contain  many 
charters  not  included  in  Kemble's  Codes  Diplomalieus ;  the  text  will  be  formed 
from  ft  ooUation  of  the  origiuiil  manuscripts^  and  now  first  accompanied  by  a  Iraua- 

ftlion  of  the  Saxon.    The  grants  of  land  are  mte0dcd  for  publication  hereafter." — 

iikenaium^  June  29th. 


124  [Aug. 


HOOK'S  LIVES  OF  THE  AECHBISHOPS  OF  CANTEKBUIIY  •. 

We  are  well  aware  that  at  the  present  day  Inett's  Origines  Anglican^  or 
Soarpes'  "Anglo-Saxon  Church"  find  as  few  readers  as Archhishop  Parker 
or  Bishop  Godwin ;  and,  in  spite  of  the  facilities  offered  by  the  reprints  of 
the  English  Historical  Society,  we  fear  that  the  Venerable  Bede,  Simeon  of 
Durham,  William  of  Malmesbury,  and  the  other  chroniclers,  are  little  more 
than  empty  names.  Yet  the  themes  that  they  treat  of  are  of  enduring 
interest  and  importance,  and  the  age  that  will  not  bestow  the  time  to  master 
the  originals,  is  still  eager  to  huil  the  substance  of  their  narratives,  if  put 
before  it  in  graceful  language,  and  with  due  regard  to  grouping  and  dra- 
matic effect.  Completeness  and  impartiality  are  secondary  considerations  to 
these,  and  thougli  the  critic  may  point  out  numerous  sins  both  of  omission 
and  commission,  the  public  is  little  inclined  to  agree  with  him ;  it  thinks 
that  the  story,  if  not  true,  is  better  as  its  favourite  tells  it.  Secular  history 
has  been  largely  dealt  with  after  this  fashion  of  late,  and  now  we  are  sorry 
to  see  it  extended  to  Church  history  also. 

The  name  of  Dr.  Hook  naturally  gives  rise  to  expectations  which  we  are 
sorry  to  say  this,  his  latest  production,  does  by  no  means  satisfy.  It  is  with 
surprise  that  we  find  him  taking  David  Hume  for  his  model,  and  attempting 
to  treat  such  a  theme  as  the  history  of  the  English  Church  by  ''  clustering 
facts  around  a  central  personage."  This  may  do  for  secular  history,  as  all 
important  events  may  be  in  some  way  or  other  connected  with  each  reign- 
ing sovereign  ;  but  we  have  yet  to  learn  that  the  majority  of  the  great  trans- 
actions which  have  advanced  or  retarded  the  progress  of  the  English  Church 
can  be  fairly  linked  to  Augustine  and  his  successors.  Tliere  have  been 
many  northern  prelates,  both  bishops  and  archbishops,  who  have  left  their 
mark  upon  their  times,  as  there  have  been  equally  illustrious  southern 
saffragans,  and  any  Church  History  which  from  its  plan  can  only  mention 
these  men  incidentally,  appears  to  us  constructed  in  direct  opposition  to  all 
the  canons  of  sound  historical  criticism. 

The  fact  is,  if  Dr.  Hook  had  not  said  (p.  2),  "The  work  now  presented 
to  the  reader  is  designed  to  be  a  History  of  the  Church  of  England,"  we 
should  have  considered  it  merely  as  another  of  his  ''  Ecclesiastical  Biogra- 
phies." and  should  have  been  quite  ready  to  award  its  meed  of  praise  as  a 
readable  risume  of  Bede,  Malmesbury,  and  other  chroniclers  who  in  the 
modem  view  have  outhved  their  reputation,  and  whose  facts  and  fancies 
must  be  paraphrased  rather  than  translated  to  deserve  acceptance  at  the 
present  day.     In  such  a  book,  of  course  we  should  not  look  for  much 

•  ••  Lives  of  the  Archbishops  of  Canterbury.  By  Walter  Farquhar  Hook,  D.D., 
Dean  of  Chichester.  Vol.  I.  Anglo-Saxon  Period."  8vo.,  xx.  and  530  pp.  (London : 
IttchaRl  BonUey.    1860.) 


186L]       Hook's  Lives  of  the  Archbishops  of  Canterbury,  125 

origiod  research,  nor  even  for  paiustakiiig  accuracy  in  copyings,  and  il  woald 
be  hardly  worth  while  to  take  exception  to  a  fault  that  infects  this  as  well 
as  almost  all  modern  works,  of  judging  men  and  things  of  the  past,  not  by 
the  Btandard  of  their  contemporaries,  hut  by  one  of  our  own,  and  fancying 
that  neither  wisdom  nor  virtue  existed  before  the  era  of  gas,  steam,  and 
electricity.  But  as  the  work  before  us  is  gravely  put  forth  as  a  **  History/* 
we  must  be  allowed  to  demur  to  the  appellation,  and  to  say,  that  neither  in 
matter  nor  in  manner  is  it  at  all  ccpial  to  what  the  public  have  a  right  to 
expect  from  a  well-practised  writer. 

It  is  but  too  true  that  it  has  of  late  become  tlic  fashion  to  confound  the 
provinces  of  history  and  biography,  or  rather,  to  endeavour  to  supplant  the 
former  by  the  latter.  Dr.  Hook's  model,  David  IFume,  wrote  his  History 
of  England  only  to  vindicate  the  Stuarts ;  Mr.  Froude  treats  of  the  Reforma- 
tion, not  on  account  of  the  principles  involved,  but  to  glorify  Henry  VII L 
ptid  his  tool  and  victim  Cromwell ;  Lord  MacauUiy  has  favoured  us  whh  his 
''view'*  of  the  Revolulion,  that  he  may  enshrine  *'  the  glorious,  pious,  and 
immortal  memory*'  of  William  of  Orange ;  atill  we  are  sorry  to  see  Dr. 
Hook  follow  the  evil  example,  and  wlien  fie  has  strung  together  a  number 
of  odds  and  ends  about  sotne  thirty  prelates  from  Augustine  to  Stigaad, 
Ipdl  it  a  History  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  Church,  though  it  is  only  quite  inci- 
dentally that  he  mentions  anything  concerning  the  Church  as  such,  and 
more  is  to  be  gleaned  on  that  topic  from  a  single  pa^^e  of  Soaraes,  than 
from  bis  whole  volume. 

As  we  do  not  accept  this  work  as  history »  properly  so  called,  we  shall 
not  quarrel  with  its  author  for  frequently  helping  out  his  scanty  stock  of 
materials  with  an  abundance  of  suppusjitious  and  inferences,  and  qulelly 
representing  his  archbishops  as  having  Hctually  done  all  that  he  supposes 
they  might  or  ought  to  have  done.  Many  of  these  inferences  we  huld  to 
be  quite  untenable,  but  for  the  reason  we  have  given,  we  let  them  pass* 
But  beside  these,  a  critic  in  the  "Guardian''"  has  collected  a  number  of 
instances  of  confusion  of  persons  and  places^  of  errors  of  date,  and  even 
of  translation  of  documents,  several  of  which  appear  to  be  **  more  ingenious 
than  true/*  that  reflect  rather  stiongly  on  the  care  that  has  been  bestowed 
on  the  preparation  of  the  work,  and  shew  that  there  is  ample  room  for 
amendment  and  **  rectification*'  in  a  second  edition. 

But  even  as  a  mere  series  of  readings  in  biography^  the  book  has  one 
very  grave  fault  to  us  in  its  unsympathetic  tone.  All  its  characters  and  its 
incidents  belong  of  necessity  to  the  remote  past,  but  they  are  all  treated 
from  an  intensely  modero  and  practical  point  of  view,  and  thus  receive 
iCBnl  reverence  and  rather  hard  measure.  We  conceive  that  it  is  quite 
possible  to  be  duly  sensible  of  and  thankful  for  our  own  superior  ad- 
vantages, without  perpetually  indulging  a  desire  to  make  our  forefathers 

^  Of  Janoai^^ISGL 


126  Hookas  Lives  of  the  Archbishops  of  Canterbury.        [Aug. 

either  odious  or  ridiculous,  or  both.  Yet,  whatever  may  be  intended,  such 
is  the  unpleasant  impression  left  on  the  mind  from  the  half  scornful,  half- 
pitying  tone  in  which  men  once  reverenced  are  spoken  of,  which  makes  the 
profession  of  "charitable  respect"  (p.  39)  read  like  mockery.  Augustine 
and  his  colleagues  are  estimated  at  a  very  low  rate.  The  chief  is  guilty  of 
"  a  tendency  to  pomp  and  vain  glory,"  he  acts  "  without  judgment  or 
temper,"  he  is  "  narrow-minded  and  sectarian,"  and  his  "  general  honesty" 
is  somewhat  grudgingly  admitted.  Laurentius  is  either  a  positive  fool, 
who  "imagined  he  had  received  the  castigation  he  deserved,"  or  he  is 
guilt}'  of  "  an  imposture  and  a  lie."  Paulinus  **  avails  himself  of  an  excuse 
for  leaving  his  flock"  when  it  was  dangerous  to  remain  with  them ;  indeed, 
"  none  of  the  Italian  missionaries  were  ambitiois  of  martyrdom  ;"  and  so 
inferior  were  they  (apparently)  in  mental  culture  to  the  British  bishops, 
that  "  they  were  utterly  unable  to  perceive  the  real  point  at  issue"  between 
their  respective  Churches — an  assertion  worthy  of  these  days  of  historical 
paradox,  when  Henry  VIII.  is  a  model  monarch  and  man,  and  Cardinal 
Pole  a  bloodthirsty  persecutor.  Some  of  the  points  at  issue  are  compen- 
diously stated  to  have  been  **  things  as  insignificant  as  the  observance  of 
a  festival  and  an  arrangement  of  the  hair,"  and  accordingly  "  when  Wilfrid 
left  the  Celtic  party  for  the  Italian,  the  first  thing  he  did  was  to  submit 
his  head  to  the  scissors  of  a  Roman  barber."  (p.  15.)  We  own  to  a  strong 
dislike  to  such  epigrammatic  statements,  as  too  often  unfair  to  somebody, 
though  a  kind  of  tiiumph  for  the  writer ;  the  fact,  it  is  true,  is  drawn  from 
Heddius  {De  Vita  S.  Wilfridi,  in  Gale),  but  the  difference  in  the  manner 
of  telling  is  not  in  favour  of  the  modern.  So  with  numberless  other  mat- 
ters, which  are  represented  in  a  way  that  we  venture  to  think  never  oc- 
curred to  the  parties  themselves. 

We  might  extend  these  remarks  to  greater  length,  but  we  have  already 
said  enough  to  shew  that  we  are  greatly  disappointed  with  this  work,  as 
one  that  by  no  means  fulfils  its  assumed  office  of  a  history  of  the  Anglo- 
Saxon  Church.  Still  there  are  many  passages  which  if  we  had  space  we 
shoald  like  to  quote,  as  giving  information  which  being  drawn  from 
neglected  sources  possesses  a  certain  charm  of  novelty.  A  specimen  or 
two,  however,  is  all  that  we  can  find  room  for. 

Let  us  first  take  a  condensed  picture  of  an  Anglo-Saxon  ''double 
monastery :" — 

**  Augustine  entered  Canterbury  snrronnded  by  monks  as  well  as  by  clergy,  and 
when  be  laid  the  foundation  of  that  monastery,  which  was  afterwards  called  by  his 
own  name,  it  was  designed  for  a  missionary  college :  a  purpose  to  which  modem  piety 
has  once  more  consecrated  its  site.  Under  the  successors  of  Augustine,  and  in  those 
parts  of  the  country  already  occupied  by  the  Celtic  Church,  the  monasteries  had  very 
much  of  the  character  and  appearance  of  Moravian  establishments,  or  rather  of  those 
stotions  established  in  Africa  by  the  Bishop  of  Cape  Town.  The  institution  was  a  lay 
Snstitotion  connected  with  the  Church,  resembling  in  this  respect  the  collegee  of  our 
Univeriitiai,  and  although  some  of  the  monks  had  already  been  ordained,  they  formed 


186].]      Hook's  Lives  qf  the  Archbishops  of  Canterbury.  127 


)■  exception  rather  than  tbe  rule*    The  resemblance  to  our  modem  colleges  bccjsttie 
the  preater,  when  the  country  being  convert wl  and  tbe  Churdi  established,  Archbbbop 

Theodoros  converted  the  TnonasterLes  into  seats  of  karulug 

'*  Tbe  thane  or  nobleman  defllroas  of  ei^oyin^  the  comforts  of  a  mml  i^treat,  where 

i  mlgbt  devote  himself  to  prayer  aiid  etudy,  was  obliged  to  surrouud  hiniiicif  for  tbe 

I  pnrpoie  of  self-prc»ervfttion,  with  retainers  and  attendants.     Hut  If  those  attend- 

nt*  had  been  taken  indlscriuiinately  from  his  fortiier  followers  and  comrades,  his  placo 

'  reiidence  woold  have  been  changed  but  nnt  liia  ovode  of  life.     He  ccms^cquciitly  sur- 

oanded  himself  with  pcntons  of  congenial  spirit  and  temper;  be  drew  np  the  rules 

^wbich  be  thought  necessary  for  the  government  of  his  household,  subjecting  tbtim 

probftbly  to  the  inspection  of  tbe  bishop,  and  constituted  himself  the  president  or 

^  #bbot.     He  does  not  appear  to  have  considered  constant  residence  at  his  monastery 

ary :  he  still  engaged  In  the  affairs  of  the  world,  and  resorted  to  his  inonastery 

1  occational  retreat.     But  the  king's  privileges  aud  i mm  unities  were  granted  to 

\  institatlons,  whicU  eventually  led  to  their  corruption* 

*'Liidt^  of  rank  pursued  a  sinilkr  course, A  cfuircb  was  aceording'ly  erected  | 

and  to  serve  the  cluirfb,  as  well  as  to  instrnct  the  people,  clergy  and  monks  were 
required:  they  lived  together,  they  became  Ccunobitcaj  and  so  a  monastery  was 
formed ; — the  convent*  both  for  tbe  nion  and  for  the  women  being  under  the  direction 
»Qd  g(jvemment  of  the  lady  of  tbe  manor,  who  constituted  herself  tbe  abbess"^.  We 
have  anthority  for  snylng  that  some  of  these  eitablisbmeiits  aoewered  the  porposen  for 
which  they  were  instituted,  and  were  for  a  time  the  abodes  of  virtue  and  religion; 
but  it  is  easy  to  foresee  how  liable  they  wtro  to  abuse  and  comiplion  in  a  rude  »ige,  aa 
ioofi  as  the  first  fervours  of  enthusiastic  piety  subdded  -,  and  although  tbe  corniptious 
of  thcjse  lay  monasteries  were,  in  all  probabiUty,  exaggerated  by  zeiUoiiH  reformers, 
who  were  intent  upon  converting  all  monasteriee  into  ecclesiastical  institutions,  thero 
I^U  be  no  doubt  that  tbe  corruptions  were  at  one  period  very  great. 

••  It  is  from  tbe  aecnsers  of  these  establishments  that  we  gain  some  information  as 
^to  the  conduct  of  their  inmates.  The  monastic  dresa  was  not  generally  adopted*  In 
k  monasteries  the  al)bot  might  be  seen  in  the  same  attire  as  other  men  of  his  own 
'  illation  in  society,  with  his  mantle  of  blue  doth,  faced  with  crimson  silk,  and  orna- 
loented  with  stripes  or  vermicuhir  figures  •*.  We  find  them  addicted  to  war,  to  himting» 
to  hawking,  to  garner  of  chance,  to  the  company  of  minsitrelfl  and  jesters.  In  some  of 
\  Dtinnerieii  also  the  hidy  abbess  would  appear  in  a  i*carlet  tunic,  with  full  skirts  and 
wide  sleeves  and  hood,  over  an  trnder-vest  of  fine  linen  of  a  violet  colour.  Her  face 
was  painted  with  stibium,  her  hair  was  curled  with  irons  over  tbe  forehesMl  and 
tetnpleA;  ornamenta  of  gold  endrcled  the  neck,  bnicelets  were  seen  on  her  arm«,  and 
rings  with  precioms  stones  on  her  fingers,  tbe  naila  of  which  were  paired  to  a  point,  to 
etnblc  the  talons  of  a  falcon.  The  shoes  were  of  red  leather*.  In  tbe  stricter  cou- 
,  n  more  sober  dress  was  atlopted ;  but  tbis  waa  the  dress  of  the  Indies  of  liishion, 
tbe  •flamtnom  puelhi'/  a*  they  were  called  by  Lidlus*^;  and  such  we  are  inforrae<l  some 
of  the  abbei«es  remaim  d.  These  vanities,  on  the  part  of  both  iir  n  and  women,  imply 
the  ex.istence  of  much  social  infercourie,  and  Alcuiii  complains  of  '  secret  junketings  and 
fortive  com  potations ;'  while  the  nuns  were  forbidden  to  write  or  send  amatory  verses. 


F^vents,  { 


*    "  The    celebrated  monjisterj'  at  Whithy  was  a  double  monastery,  over  which 
St.  Hilda  preftidifd.     Liugiird  informs  us  that  the  system  of  the  douMe  monasteries 
was  introiiucrd   from  Fnim.'et  (Antiq.  of  Anglo-Saxou  Chtircb,  i.   1%);    BTid  besidea 
Whitby,  he  mentions  Barking,  Coklinghum,  Ely,  Weulock,  Repaudunand  Wimborne. 
*Kp.  S,  Bonif.  cv. :  ed.  Serar,  p.  149. 
_  ■Aldbelm,  De  Loud,  Virg,  307»  36 1. 
'  '•LulluB,  Kp,  inter  UotiifaciaiiW,  xlv.  p.  63;   quoted  by  Lingard,  Hist.  Ang*-Sax, 
Chun:b»  i.  210:  ed.  I84i8.** 


128  Book's  Lives  of  the  Archbishops  of  Canterbury.        [Aag. 

and  abbesses  were  warned  that  there  should  not  be  any  dnrk  corners  in  their  houses, 
us  advantage  was  taken  of  them  for  mischiof ».  Many  indeed  are  the  indignant  re- 
monstrances of  Be<lc  and  Alcnin  on  the  subject ;  and  it  is  iuipossiWc  to  understand  the 
objfct  and  proceedings  of  many  among  our  Anglo-Saxon  archbishops,  or  the  canons 
passed  in  their  synods,  unless  we  have  some  idea  of  the  state  of  the  monastic  establish- 
ments, for  the  reform  of  which  means  were  early  taken,  if  not  always  wise,  yet 
generally  well  intended."— (pp.  30 — 1-i.) 

Next  comes  a  view  of  education  in  the  eighth  century : — 

"  As  Tatwine  [Archbishop,  731 — 734]  is  the  first  of  the  great  scholars  who  by  their 
talents  reflected  cr»  dit  upon  their  tcarhers  at  St.  Augustine's,  this  seems  to  be  the 
proper  place  to  advert  to  the  system  of  education  which  Theo<lorus  introduced  into 
this  couutry,  and  which,  in  principle,  is  substantially  the  same  as  that  which  now 
prevails. 

"  There  was  certainly  a  blending  of  the  professorial  and  tutorial  systems. . . ,  But 
the  proficiency  of  the  scholurs  was  tested,  not  only  by  an  occasional  examination,  but 
by  a  constant  course  of  questioning  and  cross-questioning,  as  connect^^  with  each  les- 
son. The  instruction  was  CHtechetical.  Of  the  mode  of  conducting  these  examinations 
some  examples  exist,  and  the  questions  put  to  the  pupils  of  the  arithmetic  class  are 
very  similar  to  those  with  which  the  masters  and  scholars  of  National  schools  are  fa- 
miliar as  emanating  from  Her  Majesty's  Inspectors.  For  example:  'The  swallow 
once  invited  the  snail  to  dinner ;  he  liveil  just  one  league  from  the  B(X)t,  and  the  snail 
travelled  at  the  rate  of  only  one  inch  a  d  ly  :  how  long  would  it  be  before  he  dined  ?* 
Again  :  *  Three  men  and  their  three  wives  came  together  to  a  river-side,  where  they 
found  one  boat,  which  was  capable  of  carrying  over  only  two  persons  at  once  j  all  tl  c 
men  were  jealous  of  each  other  :  how  must  they  contrive  so  that  no  one  of  them 
should  be  left  alone  in  company  with  his  companion's  wife  ?'  Another  is  as  follows : 
•  An  old  man  met  a  child, — "  Good  day,  my  son,"  says  he,  "  may  you  live  as  long  as 
you  have  livi  d  and  as  much  more,  and  thrice  as  much  as  all  this ;  and  if  Ood  give  you 
one  year  in  addition  to  the  others,  you  will  be  a  century  old:"  what  was  the 
lad's  age  ^?' 

"  Aldhelm,  the  great  scholar  of  the  age,  to  whom  we  have  already  referred,  com- 
plains of  the  difficulties  he  encountered  in  the  arithmetic  school ;  and  we  shall  easily 
i;ympathize  vrith  him  if  we  bear  in  mind  thnt  the  Arabic  figures  were  not  introduced 
before  the  tenth  century,  when  they  were  received  from  the  Mahometans  in  Spain. 
A  kind  of  manual  arithmetic  was  at  this  time  encouraged  :  the  numbers  from  1  to  100 
were  ezpretsed  by  the  fingers  of  the  left  liand ;  from  100  to  10,000  by  those  of  the 
right:  from  10,000  to  100,000  >^y  varying  the  position  of  the  left;  and  from 
100,000  to  1,000,000  by  varying  the  position  of  the  ritrht  hand  >." 

"  We  learn  from  Aldhelm  that  there  was  a  class  for  geometry,  but  as  Euclid  did 
not  make  his  appearance  in  England  before  the  ruign  of  King  Athelstan,  we  may  con- 
clude that,  at  the  period  now  under  consideration,  the  geometry  referred  to  had  rela- 
tion not  to  pure  and  abstract  science,  but  simply  to  mensuration." — (pp.  195 — 197.) 

Our  last  citation  will  strongly  exhibit  the  very  "  modern"  tone  of  the 
work — the  picture  may  be  true,  but  it  will  be  seen  that  a  touch  has  been 
thrown  in  here  and  there  for  effect : — 

i  "Pcrtz,  i.  93.  Council  of  Aix-laChapelle,  c.  14. 

^  "These  are  taken  from  a  manuscript  in  the  British  Museum,  which  is  certainly 
not  of  latiT  date  than  the  tenth  centnry,  by  Mr.  Wright,  Introduct.  Biog.  Brit.  Lit. 
I.  7i.  To  Wright,  TunuT,  Wanley,  Lin^rd,  and  to  Bcde,  Alcuin,  and  Boniface,  the 
MHder  18  referred  generally  for  the  statements  made  in  this  chapter. 

*  «*  Bode,  De  Iiidigitatiouc,  0pp.  i.  1G5." 


1861.]       Hook's  Lives  of  the  Archbishops  (^f  Canterbury, 


129 


*'  Xotbelm  wbb  bnrn  In  Londoti.  und  i*  aupimacd,  thonjjrh  without  authority,  to  Imve 
been  educated  at  St.  AogustmB'i^,  Canterbury. .  ,  .  .  What  were  the  Ainii^emunte  of  the 
lisus  fttutliaoA  among  the  undor^raduiites  of  Cpintorlmry.  I  am  not  prepared  to  wy  ;  but 
altbotigh  the  north  uf  Enghiud  even  then  Kmk  the  le^id^  if  not  iu  fox-huntiti^,  <it  lemt 
IQ  foUowing  the  harriers,  we  have  no  reo^a  to  sappo«e  thut  the  students  of  Cftn*er- 
bury  were  fiir  behind  them.  Writing  to  tka  mouks  of  Wmnnouth,  Alciiin  obUquely 
■oeuic*  them,  as  Willimn  of  Malmesbury  expret^a^  it,  of  having  done  the  very  thin^ 
which  he  cjthort^  them  not  to  do :  '  Let  the  youttis  be  tiecustomed  to  iitteud  the 
praisea  of  our  heavenly  King-j  not  to  (£ig  up  the  burroira  of  foxe%  or  to  pursua  the 
winding  ciaze«  of  hares  ''.' 

"  We  poeeess,  at  the  same  time,  a  record  of  th©  practice  of  the  gtodents  of  Canter- 
bury in  punning,  which  is  the  more  valuable  aa  it  shews  the  estimation  In  which 
young  Nothelm  was  held.  It  was  remarked  how  well  liis  name  accorded  with  hia 
charact-cr :  '  Dicitnr  enim  Nothelm usr,  quaai  notua  ahnus  ^* 

**  He  conciliated  to  himself  t!ie  pntronage  of  Albinuti  the  abbot*  a  friend  of  the  Vene- 
nthle  Bede;  and  in  Northbeldt  who  succeeded  Albinus,  he  found  a  cong<enia1  com- 
panion. It  wag  not  to  tlje  highest  bnuiche*  of  scholarship  that  Nothelm  applied 
himaeif^  although  in  the  transcription  of  ancient  manuscripts,  judgotent  in  the  selcc* 
tkn  of  them  waa  required,  as  well  as  artiatic  skill.  I1ie  increase  of  Icuming  occasiouedj 
of  coarse,  a  demand  for  books,  and  ^  indefatigable  were  the  scribes  of  EugtanJ,  that  oor 
libraries  soon  became  the  most  fiimoua  in  western  Europe",  Tlie  attention  of  a  scribe 
was  not  directed  exchisively  to  calligraphy :  the  tUnmiuations  which  may  he  seen  in  manii* 
acripta,  from  the  eighth  century  to  the  eleventh,  display  both  the  mind  nnd  the  art  of  ft 
painter.  These  Anglo-Saxon  manuscripti  are  remarkable  for  the  b^jld  charuLter  of  the 
writing,  and  the  richness  of  the  illumination*,  of  which  the  chief  fcatureft  are  cKtreino 
intricacy  of  pattern,  and  interlflcing?*  of  knots  in  a  diagonal  or  stpiare  form  j  sometimea 
interwoven  with  animal*^  and  terminating  iu  heads  of  serpents  or  birds.  So  highly 
efteomod  wna  this  branch  of  Icurning  and  nrt  in  combination,  that  the  attention  of  men 
of  sdence  was  directed  to  the  method  of  prepuring  gold  for  the  gold  writing,  and  we 
pO»c»  more  than  one  of  their  receipts.  For  example:  *Filo  gold  very  ftoely,  put  it 
in  a  mortar,  and  add  tlie  sharpest  vinegar ;  rub  it  till  it  becomes  black,  and  then  ponr 
it  out;  put  to  it  some  salt  or  nitre,  and  so  it  will  dutsolve;  so  you  may  write  with  it, 
and  thus  all  the  metals  may  be  diasolvetl'  Another  method  of  ancient  chryaograpby 
was  thla :  *  Melt  some  Icu^d,  and  frequently  imroerge  it  in  cold  water :  melt  gold  and 
poiir  that  also  into  the  same  water,  und  it  will  become  brittle ;  then  rub  the  gold 
filinga  carefully  with  quicksilver,  iind  p  trge  it  while  it  is  liquid.  Before  yon  write, 
dip  the  pen  in  liquid  idum,  which  is  best  pnrified  by  salt  and  vinegar/  Amither 
method  «Tia  this :  *  Take  thin  plates  of  gfild  and  silver,  rub  them  in  a  mortar  with 
Greek  salt  or  nitre  till  it  disappeara;  pour  on  water,  imd  repeat  it;  then  add  salt,  and 
■O  work  it  oven  when  the  gold  remains;  add  a  moderate  portion  of  the  flowers  of 
Qopper  and  bullock's  gall;  nih  them  together  and  write  and  bumislL  the  letters  "/' — 
(pp.  £06— 20U.) 

After  this  picture  of  the  ^'imdergrads**  a  thousand  years  ago,  it  will  be 
no  eurprise  to  the  reader  to  learii  that  Dr.  Hook  speaks  of  *' a  reporter'* 
having  attended  at  the  Council  at  Whitby,  and  lliat  Archbishop  Sine, 
when  he  vi^iled  Rome,  **  lunched  with  the  Pope/' 

^  •»  WilUam  of  Malmesbury,  Gesta  Kegr,  liU  i.  70. 

i  ••Khnham,  p.  313, 

•■  *'Alcnin*«  catalogue  of  the  library  at  York,  eslaWished  by  the  munificcnoe  of 
Aelbert^  has  been  already  given  in  the  life  of  Theodoma. 

"  "These  prescriptions  are  tranalated  by  Tamer,  from  Mumtori,  ii,  pp.  375 — 389. 
There  are  other  methods  in  Moratori,  by  which  even  marble  and  glass  may  be  gilt/' 
OnfT.  Mao.  Voi«  CCXI.  & 


130  [Aug. 


THE  DRAGON  OF  THE  AXCIENTS. 

Most  of  the  great  nations  of  antiquity  h.id  a  tradition  of  tl»c  dragon. 
Tlio  dragon  of  the  Latins  is  thus  described  by  Virgil : — 

**  At  genii  111  lapsu  delubra  ad  smiiina  dracones 
Efliigiunt,  8a'va>que  pctiint  Tritonidia  arccm ; 
Sub  pcdibuMjuo  dea*,  cl^pcique  sub  orbe  tcguntar." 

uEneidos,  lib.  ii.  225. 

It  is  to  be  observed  that  these  dragons  had  wings,  and  could  fly  to  some 
height. 

Tlie  Greek  dragon  resembles  the  Latin.  The  garden  of  the  Hesperides 
was  guarded  by  a  dragon,  and  the  locality  of  these  gardens  is  referred  to 
Mount  Atlas,  in  Africa.  Hercules  killed  the  dragon  and  carried  off  the 
golden  apples, — which  would  now  be  called,  in  these  unpoetic  days, 
Tangerine  oranges. 

In  one  of  the  Greek  traditions,  usually  referred  to  a  period  about  thirteen 
centuries  before  Christ,  Medea  is  described  as  having  killed  her  two  children 
in  the  presence  of  their  father,  and  when  Jason  attempted  to  punish  the 
barbarity  of  the  mother,  she  fled  through  the  air  upon  a  chariot  drawn  by 
winged  dragons. 

Another  part  of  the  same  legend  is,  that  Jason  was  to  attack  a  monstrous 
dragon  that  watched,  night  and  day,  at  the  foot  of  a  tree  on  which  the 
golden  fleece  was  suspended :  but,  by  the  power  of  herbs,  Jason  lulled  the 
vigilance  of  the  dragon,  and  obtained  the  golden  fleece.  The  locality  here 
is  the  eastern  coast  of  the  Black  Sea. 

The  story  of  Cadmus  also  contains  a  dragon.  He  landed  in  Boeotia,  and 
sent  his  companions  to  fetch  water  from  a  neighbouring  grove.  The  waters 
were  sacred  to  Mars,  and  guarded  by  a  dragon,  who  devoured  all  the 
attendants  of  the  Phccnician.  Cadmus,  tired  of  their  delay,  went  to  the  place, 
and  saw  the  monster  still  feeding  un  their  flesh.  He  attacked  the  dragon, 
and  overcame  it  by  the  assistance  of  Minerva.  The  story  goes  on  to  say 
that  he  afterwards  sowed  the  teeth  of  the  dragon  in  a  plain,  upon  which 
armed  men  suddenly  rose  up  from  the  ground.  He  threw  a  stone  in  the 
midst  of  them  and  they  instantly  turned  their  arms  one  against  another,  till 
all  perished  except  five,  who  assisted  him  in  building  his  city.  Cadmus  is 
Baid  to  have  lived  about  fifteen  centuries  before  Christ. 

A  continuation  of  this  Greek  tradition  is,  that  an  oracle  had  commanded 
the  Thebans  to  sacrifice  one  of  the  descendants  of  those  who  sprang  from 
the  dragon's  teeth.  Mencoceus,  a  Theban,  oflered  himself  as  a  human 
aacrifice  to  the  ghosts  of  the  dead,  and  destroyed  his  own  life,  near  the  cave 
where  the  dragon  of  Mars  had  formerly  resided. 

The  last  of  the  great  pagan  nations  has  also  its  tradition  of  the  dragon. 


CI  351 .]  The  Dragon  of  the  Ancienii.  131 

md  among  their  inimitable  pottery  the  Chinese  have  the  dragon  china, 
which  i«  scattered  abundantly  over  Kuglatid.  We  have  usually  fiecu  the 
dmgoo  depicted  on  this  china  as  a  lizard  without  wings, — indeed,  we  never 
saw  it  otherwise  ;  but  the  Chinese  are  scrupulouply  accurate  in  the  de- 
Uneaiion  of  natural  objetits,  and  thai  I  heir  dragon  should  have  lost  his 
wings  IB  a  proof  that  their  earliest  delineations  were  not  made  from  the 
Ii\iuijr  ftmmal,  but  that  the  creature  was  extinct  in  China  when  the  Chinese 
brLran  to  represent  il.  Still,  the  Chinese  insist  upon  a  drngon.  and  wlien 
thv^  ( rnpcror  died,  a  few  years  ago,  an  edict  was  issued  announcing  that  the 
emperor  had  ascended  to  heaven  mounted  upon  a  fiery  dragon. 

Eren  in  the  science  of  medicine  the  dragon  is  remembered,  and  we  can 
go  into  any  chemist's  shop  and  purchase  g-um  trag^acanth,  or  dragon's  blood. 

Last  of  alU  the  geologists  have  dug  up  the  bones  of  the  dr^igon,  and  put 
them  together*  They  find  that  the  Greeks  were  more  accurate  than  the 
CInnesei  because  the  Greek  dragon  had  wings.  They  also  find  that  there 
were  many  species  of  the  animal,  from  a  monster  with  an  ejtpanse  of  wing 
stretching  eighteen  feet  from  tip  to  tip,  down  to  a  little  animal  no  larger 
than  a  curlew.  These  bones  are  found  in  the  oolitic  formations,  and  so  on, 
upwards.  The  geologists  find  that  the  wings  were  covered,  not  with 
feathers,  but  with  scales,  and  that  the  eyes  of  the  animal  were  large,  as  if 
to  enable  it  to  fly  by  night.  Two  models  of  these  dragons,  or  pterodactyles, 
are  perched  upon  a  rock  at  the  Crjstal  Palace, 

One  of  the  earliest  works  of  men  was  the  subdivision  of  celestial  space 
into  constellations^  and  this  is  alluded  to  in  the  Book  of  Job,  who  mentions 
the  constellation  Orion,  Among  these  constellations  we  find  a  dragon,  and 
the  writers  of  the  Old  Testament  constantly  allude  to  the  existence  of 
dragons  as  if  they  had  seen  them.  Job  himself  says,  "  I  am  brother  to 
dragons  ojid  a  companion  to  owls,"  and  this  more  than  2,000  years  before 
Christ,  Some  1,100  years  later,  Isaiah  uses  the  expression,  •*  The  dragons 
and  owls  shall  honour  me  f*  and  the  Prophet  Jeremiah  not  oidy  assumes 
the  eaEtstence  of  dragons  in  his  own  days  but  afSrms  that  they  shall  not 
become  extinct  for  some  centuries  to  come  when  he  foretels  that  Babylon 
shall  be  a  dwelling  for  dragons.  But  the  passage  in  Micah  is  must  curious, 
where  he  describes  the  cry  of  the  dragon, — '*  I  will  make  a  wailing,  like 
the  dragons;'*  such  a  or)'  as  a  nocturnal  and  solitary  animal  might  well  be 
iupposed  to  utter. 

As  many  countries  became  more  populous,  the  solitary  and  jredatory 
dragon  disappeared  before  the  advance  of  an  increased  population,  and,  like 
the  eagle,  retired  into  places  more  and  more  remote  from  men. 

Pliny,  writing  in  the  first  century,  describes  Babylon  as  lying  utterly 
desolate.  It  then  became  the  abode  of  dragons,  and  they  are  mentioned 
as  still  existing  by  one  of  the  pagan  writers^  though  he  does  not  speak  of 
them  in  Chaldasat  but  in  Mount  Atlas. 

At  a  period  usually  rtfcrrcd  to  tiic  thirteenth  century  before  Christ,  we 


182  The  Dragon  of  the  Ancients.  [Aug. 

have  found  Hercules  attacking  the  dragon  of  the  Hesperides  on  Mount  Atlas. 
Fourteen  centuries  later,  Solinus,  a  Boman  writer  who  lived  at  the  end  of 
the  first  century,  describes  the  elephants  that  abounded  in  those  mountains 
in  his  time,  and  he  finds  that  thej  are  frequently  attacked  by  dragons. 
These  are  his  words : — 

"  Inter  ho6  et  dracones  jngis  discordia :  denique  insidiBB  hoc  astu  preparantar :  ser- 
pcntes  propter  semitas  delitescont,  per  qoas  elephant!  assnetis  callibos  evagantor: 
atqne  ita,  prsBtermiBsls  prioribus,  poBtreroos  adorinntor,  ne,  qui  anteceoerint,  queant 
[ultimis]  opitulari :  ac  primnm  pedes  nodis  iUigant,  ut  laqneatis  cmribus  impediant 
gradiendi  facultatem :  nam  elephanti,  nisi  praventi  hac  spiramm  mora,  vel  arboribos 
ie  vel  saxis  applicant,  at  pondere  nitabundo  attritos  Decent  angaes.  Dimicationifl  prs- 
cipoa  eansa  est,  quod  elephantis,  at  aiont,  frigidior  inest  sangais,  et  ob  id  ^  draconibas 
avidissimd  torrente  captantar  setta :  qaamobrem  nanqaam  invadant  nbi  pota  gpravatos, 
at,  venis  propensias  irrigatis  majorem  samant  de  oppresns  satietatem :  nee  aliad  miyas 
qaUm  ocolos  petant,  qaos  solos  inexpagnabiles  sdant :  vel  interiora  auriam,  qaod  is 
tantam  locos  defend!  non  potest  proboscide.  Itaque  cam  ebiberint  sangainem,  dum 
ruont  bellusp,  dracones  obraontar." — (Cap.  28.) 

In  this  description  the  most  notable  points  are,  that  the  dragon  attacks  the 
elephant  for  the  sake  of  sucking  its  blood ;  and  that  it  makes  its  attack 
upon  those  vulnerable  places,  the  eyes  and  the  ears. 

It  is  interesting  to  observe  how  closely  the  heathen  traditions,  the 
discoveries  of  the  geologists,  and  the  sacred  writers,  agree  in  describing 
the  animal.  It  was  amphibious,  it  preyed  alike  on  fish  and  on  other  ani- 
mals, and  it  was,  as  the  learned  Cruden  described,  a  dangerous  creatui'e, 
mischievous,  deadly,  and  wild. 

The  tradition  so  carefully  cherished  in  England,  of  St.  George  and  the 
Dragon,  as  well  as  the  similar  traditions  of  Grermany,  appear  to  refer  to 
isolated  animals,  driven  by  the  hostility  of  increasing  multitudes  of  men  to 
solitary  places  where  they  could  still  find  water,  and  gradually  destroyed 
by  horsemen  covered  with  armour,  who  assailed  them  with  the  spear.  It 
is  to  be  hoped  that  the  representations  of  these  animals  on  the  British 
coinage  will,  in  future,  be  more  accurate  than  those  on  some  of  the 
sovereigns  and  crown-pieces  at  present  in  circulation.  The  real  ptero- 
dactyle  was  a  much  more  formidable  animal  than  the  imaginary  dragon 
on  the  coinage. 


186L] 


133 


AirriQUE  GEMS». 

Ancient  Gems,  beyond  all  controversy,  coastilate  the  masi  difficult 
daes  of  ancient  monuments.  In  a  department  of  the  Fine  Arts  which  m 
''■confessedly  beset  ^^ith  difficulty <^ — the  whole  domain,  we  mean,  of  Ancient 
Art, —  Fictile  Vasea  probably  present  fewest  difficulties  :  next  comes  Sculp- 
ture<  More  diificult,  by  far,  are  Coins  :  most  difficult  of  all,  as  we  began 
by  saying,  beyond  a  question,  are  antique  Gems,  We  have  scarcely  met 
with  BIX  individuals,  in  the  apace  of  five-and-twenty  years,  who  were  so 
much  as  entitled  to  have  any  real  opinion  upon  the  subject;  and  the 
modesty  with  which  these  persons  invariably  expressed  themselves,  has 
stnick  us  not  a  little.  It  tnay  not  be  amiss  to  explain  what  has  thus  been 
offered  on  a  subject  which,  by  the  generality  of  mankind,  is  certainly 
scarcely  understood  at  all. 

It  requires  no  taste  or  jiulgment  whatever,  and  certainly  very  little  know- 
ledge, to  enable  a  man  to  classify  a  collection  of  engraved  stoaee.  Some 
are  of  cornelian, ^ — some  of  onyx, — some  of  chalcedony.  Some  again  re- 
present a  Greek  subject, —  some  are  Roman, — some  are  Gnostic  gems, — 
while  (I y^w^ engraved  stones  are  Christian.  Then,  there  are  questions  arising' 
out  of  the  Qiaterial,  which  often  form  a  favourite  exercise  of  ingenuity,  and 
mfford  room  for  the  semblance  of  much  learned  research  j  while  some  men 
will  discuss  the  hardness  of  gems,  the  method  of  engraving  them,  and  their 
probable  origin,  with  a  confidence  of  asseveration,  and  minuteness  of  detail, 
which  shall  be  altogether  imposing. 

But  even  this  inferior  department  of  inquiry  is  as  yet  very  little  under- 
wood. The  names  by  which  the  ancients  designated  gems, — (like  tlie 
Barnes  they  used  to  denote  colours,) — have  not,  by  any  means^  been  accu- 
rately ascertained.  In  truth  the  history  of  Geras  has  yet  to  he  written ; 
and  the  history  will  only  be  snccessfully  undertaken  by  one  who  unites  to 
considerable  learning,  a  vast  experience,  and, — that  rarest  of  possessions, — 
a  sound  antiquarian  judgment. 

And  yet,  it  cannot  be  too  emphatically  stated,  or  too  clearly  home  in 
mind,  that  points  like  these  are  the  mere  outworks, — the  merest  husk  and 
shell  of  the  questions  which  engraved  gems  suggest  to  antiquarian  eyes. 
First, — la  the  gem  antique  ?  A  confident  answ  t  in  the  affirmative  not  one 
'inan  in  a  thousand  is  ever  capable  of  returning.  But  only  let  the  work  be 
fine  and  the  artist  clever,  and  who  knows  not  that  there  are  not  perhaps  three 
men  in  London  whoee  very  opinion  on  the  subject  is  worth  a  pin  ?     The 


•  '^Aatiqne  Gems:  their  Origin,  Uies,  and  Yalue,  m  Interpreters  of  Ancient  His- 
tory, and  as  lUastnitive  of  Ancient  Art;  with  Hint*  to  Getti  Collectors,  By  the 
Rev.  C.  W.  King,  M,A.,  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,"  8vo.,  498  pp, 
(Loo^oni  Murray,     18G0.) 


134  Antique  Gems.  [Aug. 

stone  is  ancient,  no  doubt.  That  the  style  of  the  work  is  very  like  that  of 
an  ancient  gem,  all  can  see.  But  is  the  work  ancient  ?  ...  In  short,  the  case 
may  be  thus  stated  :  Ati  engraved  antique  gem  of  real  merit,  is  at  once  one 
of  the  rarest  and  most  precious  objects  in  the  world.  On  the  other  hand, 
modern  imitations  of  ^\\q  works  abound  ;  and  antique  stones  of  coarse  work- 
manship are  so  common  that  they  may  be  bought  by  handfuls.  In  other 
words,  bad  things  are  plentiful,  and  worthless.  A  gem  of  real  merit  falls 
to  a  collector's  share  only  a  few  times  in  the  course  of  a  life. 

Next,  when  it  has  been  ascertained  that  a  fine  gem  is  really  antique, — 
(which  only  corresponds  with  ascertaining  that  a  good  picture  is  ancient 
and  not  modern), — the  questions  which  arise  are  such  as  the  following. 
First, — What  is  its  precise  age  ?  is  it  older  than  the  time  of  Pericles,  for 
example,  or  later  ?  — Next,  To  what  country  does  it  belong  }  Is  it  of  Greek 
or  of  Asiatic  work,  for  instance  ? — Then,  What  degree  of  merit  does  it 
possess  ?  For  (what  need  to  say  it  ?)  tlie  degrees  of  merit  are  as  various 
in  gems  as  in  pictures.  —  Lastly,  What  does  it  mean,  and  what  does  it 
teach  ?  . . .  The  present  Reviewer  believes  that  there  are  not,  in  all  Europe, 
five  persons  who  are  competent  to  answer  the  foregoing  questions.  He 
supposes  however  that  there  may  be  five  hundred  who  could  speak  ingeni- 
ously and  well  on  one  or  more  of  the  heads  indicated  ;  while  there  are  tens 
of  thousands  who  could  write  on  the  subject  after  the  fashion  of  Mr.  King. 

And  yet,  this  writer  has  rendered  useful  service  in  many  respects :  not  least, 
in  directing  attention  to  a  class  of  objects  which  are  of  consummate  interest. 
He  divides  his  work  into  Four  Sections ;  which  are  respectively  entitled 
"  Materials," — ''  Art," — "  Subjects," — "  iMystic  Virtues."  Extending  to 
upwards  of  500  pages,  his  book  will  readily  be  believed  to  contain  a  vast 
amount  of  curious  and  interesting  information.  We  subjoin  an  extract. 
Mr.  King  is  speaking  of  the  Diamond  :  — 

*•  Pliny  goes  on  to  repeat  the  jeweller's  fiction  as  to  the  infrangibility  of  the  Dinmond, 
ft  thing  still  believed  in  by  most  people,  who  cannot  separate  the  ideiis  of  hurdnci»  and 
of  reiiitance  to  violence,  and  who  do  not  choose  to  try  so  costly  an  experiment  on  any 
BiamoDd  in  their  own  possession.  Bat  in  reality,  from  the  fact  of  this  gem  being  com- 
posed of  tlun  layers  deposited  over  each  other  parallel  to  the  original  face  of  the  crys- 
tal, it  can  easily  be  split  by  a  small  blow  in  the  direction  of  tlu*80  laminic.  Tliis  pro- 
party  may  be  exemplified  by  the  following  story.  The  Jjondon  jeweller  iutrusted  with 
the  re-catting  of  the  Koh-i-noor  was  displaying  his  finished  work  to  a  wealthy  patron, 
who  aoddentally  let  the  slippery  and  weighty  gem  slip  through  his  fingers  and  fall  on 
the  ground.  The  jeweller  was  on  the  point  of  fainting  with  alarm ;  and,  on  recovering 
Umielf,  reduced  the  other  to  the  same  state  by  informing  him,  that,  had  the  stone 
itmck  the  floor  at  a  particular  angle,  it  would  have  intallibly  split  in  two,  and  been 
irreparably  rained. 

"A  few  particulars  abont  this  famous  diamond  will  not  be  out  of  place  here.  Ta- 
Tcrmer  saw  it  two  centaries  ago  in  the  treasury  of  the  Great  Mogul,  not  many  years 
after  its  discovery.  Its  weight  in  the  rough,  of  alrave  800  curats  (according  to  report), 
had  been  redooed  to  284  by  the  bnngling  Italian  lapidary  who  li.id  brought  it  to  the 
vgly  and  anskilful  form  in  which  it  appeared  when  brought  to  this  country.  This  was 
R  rode  hemisphere  facetted  all  over,  apparently  intended  for  tlio  i-ose  sbaiie.    The  re- 


18G1.] 


ftUique  Gem». 


135 


Limiting  in  London  mn  eflreet€4l  by  the  means  of  a  anijill  at^am-enginc, nnder  tlie  super- 
'  intcndenc^  of  two  artLet«  brought  expressly  from  ilalluiid,  whero  ulone  the  baaino§a  \» 
kept  up,  TbU  operation  (50«t  8,000/.,  and  hm  broufjbt  tUi'  stone  to  tko  forui  of  n  perftjct 
brilliant,  with  a  wonderfal  augmeutation  of  its  Ijeauty  ami  lustre,  though  with  a  redttc- 
tlon  of  thu  weig'ht  to  180  carats.  Even  now,  it  remaina  one  of  the  largest  diaaionda 
in  Europe, — Ualphen's  Star  of  the  South  weighing:  S-l-i  carats  j  the  great  Russian,  lil',i  ; 
the  Pitt,  or  llcgent  of  France,  136 ;  the  Aostnan.  a  yellow  atone,  139  [  and  Hope's 
blue  diamond,  the  most  beautiful,  though  lejst  valuable  of  all,  177/*— (i>p,  67— 6y.) 

la  passages  like  the  foregoing,  Mr.  King's  book  abounds.  He  has  an 
intertistitig  article  on  tbe  **  Gems  of  tlie  Apocalypse*'  (p,  428)  \  and  what 
he  offers  concerning  tbe  "High-priest's  bieast-plnte/*  (p,  134),  thougli 
not  very  instructive,  is  at  least  suggestive.  All  this  kind  of  thing,  how* 
ever,  it  will  be  readily  perceived,  is  not  in  the  highest  style*  The  remarks 
are  tho&e  of  an  intelligent  man  who  has  made  gems  his  hobby  for  a  few 
years,  and  has  amused  himself  by  collecling  whatever  came  to  hand  con- 

.cernlng  them.  We  meet  with  no  traces  of  real  acquaintance  with  the 
tubject.  Here  and  there  a  stray  remark  is  appended  in  a  note,  of  the 
light  stamp :  but  it  is  sewed  on^ — a  mere  purple  patch.  We  think  we 
can  even  recognize  the  learned  antiquarian  lips,  at  the  British  Museum, 

^from  which  Mr.  King  obtained  the  following  remark: — 

**Tlii«  ^niltoche  border  \m  often  found  <?nc1osing  tbe  typeA  upon  the  large  flat 
didrachras  of  certain  coins  of  I^Iagna  GroK'iat  as  Mctapoututn,  and  Syhari^  Ttie  figura 
of  the  buU-heiided  river  g«>d,  the  Achclous,  on  the  former  coins,  and  tbo  long-horned 
ox,  upon  the  latter,  are  executmt  in  a  fh*t  stiff  uittnuer,  hut  highly  finkh«Kl,  and  very 
sitnilar  to  the  work  on  iiuniy  of  the  gems,  with  which  thtTe  can  be  no  doubt  they  wtsre 
coeval.  ♦  *  .  As  the  city  of  Sybaris  was  utterly  destroyed  B»C.  510,  and  never  restored, 
all  the  extant  coins  muj*t  buve  boen  issued  during  the  two  centuries  before  that  date, 
and  hence  we  can  form  a  notion  us  to  the  actual  epoch  of  the  intagli  corresponding 
with  these  iu  style  and  workmanship." — (p.  195) 

O  9%  tie  omnia! — But  instead,  whenever  the  learned  Author  gets  on 
antiquarian  ground  he  trips,  and  shews  that  he  i«  a  stranger.  Thus  he 
tfiinks  he  has  seen  a  Cornelian  intaglio  of  the  Good  Shepherd  sliinding 
between  two  tiger's  I  This  however  we  should  excuse ;  for  Vhrutian 
anliqtiitie^  are  clearly  not  his  forte.  But  we  are  altogether  unable  to  ex- 
^ouse  the  tasteless  representations  of  ancient  gems  in  which  this  sumptuous 
volume  abounds;  and  which,  if  they  were  faithful  representations  of  the 
antiqtie,  would  be  enough  to  make  the  whole  subject  ridiculous,  and  to 
bring  it  into  desierved  contempt.  Who  would,^ — who  could  admire, — such 
unlovely  productions  as  are  to  be  found  at  pp.  16,  27,  37,  38,  9<3,  113,  Ate, 
&c,  ?  Mr.  King  seems  to  have  no  real  antiquarian  acquaintance  with 
nntiquity.  He  never  speaks  of  real  Art  aa  if  he  tinderstood  it ;  or  rather 
he  does  not  write  as  if  he  were  critically  acquainted  with  it  at  alL 

We  have  no  wish  to  bring  Religious  quc^siions  into  such  discussions  as 
the  present ;  but  we  hesitate  not  to  avow  that  we  are  offended  whenever 
tlie  Reverend  Author  of  ihcKc  pages  makt^s*  a  remtirk  which  bring?*  him  on 
Eetigioua  ground.     We  conclude  our  notice  of  a  volume  which  deserves 


186  Antique  Oems.  [Aug. 

to  be  popular,  and  what  is  well  worthy  of  inspection,  notwithstanding  the 
slender  acquaintance  of  its  author  with  the  Scientific  part  of  the  subject 
on  which  it  treats, — with  a  short  but  suggestive  extract : — 

"  In  St.  John'8  vision  of  the  New  Jerusalem,  the  walls  of  the  City  are  bnilt  oat  of 
twelve  courses  of  precious  stones.  These  are  not  arranged  in  the  order  of  the  g^ms  in 
the  High  Priest's  hreastplate,  as  one  would  have  naturally  expected  from  so  truly 
Hebrew  a  writer ;  but  according  to  their  various  shades  of  colour. . . .  This  minute 
acquaintance  with  the  nicest  shades  of  colour  of  the  precious  stones  will  strike  the 
reader  with  the  greater  force  if  he  should  endeavour  to  arrange  from  memory,  and  by 
the  aid  of  his  own  casual  knowledge,  twelve  gems,  or  even  a  smaller  number,  according 
to  tliolr  respective  tints.  He  will  find  his  attempts  result  in  error,  imless  he  has  had 
a  long  and  practical  acquaintance  with  the  subject.  This  image  however  of  the  Holy 
City,  built  of  precious  stones,  is  not  original ;  as  it  is  found  in  the  prayer  of  Tobias, 
(oortainly  a  much  older  composition  than  the  Apocalypse,  whatever  may  be  its  date.) 
In  our  version,  it  stands  thus : — '  Jerusalem  shall  be  built  of  emeralds,  sapplure,  and 
all  precious  stones;  her  walls,  and  towers,  and  battlements,  of  most  fine  goUL  . . .  The 
streets  of  Jerusalem  shall  be  paved  with  carbuncle,  beryl,  and  stones  of  Ophir.'" — 
(pp.  428^9.) 

We  are  very  sorry  to  have  to  differ  so  completely  from  any  writer  as  we 
are  compulled,  on  this  occasion,  to  differ  from  Mr.  King.  For  first,  in  our 
copy  of  the  Revelation  of  Su  John,  we  do  not  find  it  so  much  as  hinted  that 
**  tlic  walla  of  the  city  are  built  out  of  twelve  courses  of  precious  stones." 
We  read  (in  Rev.  xxi.  19,)  that  ^^ the  fowufationt''  were  thus  garnished; 
and  that  **  Uie  ^tetjbmiid^tion  was  jasper ;"  &c.  &c.  &c.  For  this  truly ^was 
Ti^  mi^t  ^ficXcovs  fxoMrair  iroXur,  (Hcb.  xi.  10), — '*  the  City  which  hath  tke 
^li#trf«f/H>ii«,'*^-(** those  wellknown  foundations!'*) — for  which  Abraham 
**  looked.*' — And  next,  whjf  the  foundations  of  the  New  Jerusalem  should 
be  **  arrmngini  in  the  order  of  the  gems  in  the  High  Priest*8  breastplate," 
we  are  at  a  loss  to  discover.  Still  less  do  we  see  what  the  **  truly  Hebrew" 
pro)>ensiiies  of  the  writer  have  to  do  with  the  subject. 

As  for  the  '*  <rr*fwi«i/i/f  *  of  the  Blessed  Evangelist  St.  John,  we  care 
not  to  vindicate  iu  Mr.  King  ought  to  know  that  a  work  of  luspiratioQ  is 
nol  to  be  spoken  of  as  if  it  were  an  ordinanr  human  performance.  The 
Holy  Guosr  it  is  who  originated  «//  the  Inspired  Scriptures.  Mr,  King 
ouglit  fiirther  at  least  to  have  nead  his  Bible  with  soffident  atteDtioa  to  be 
aware  that  the  following  tar  more  apposite  words  are  to  be  found  in  the 
pix>phel  Isaiah: — ^^'I  will  lay  thy  stones  with  fiur  ooloai«,4Mi^  It^  ikj^ 
jf¥mm^^9¥mt  ir£fi  mppiimi.  And  I  will  make  ikj  windows  of  agate^  and 
Ihy  smites  of  carbondes^  and  all  thy  borders  of  pleasant  stones."  (Is.  liv. 
lU  l^v  ^^ow.  while  those  words  so  exactly  in  point  stand  in  the  pro- 
pbelic  Canoo.  to  «;ap|K«e  that  Su  John  had  fecour»  to  a  SKmewbal  diversie 
phassafe  u  aa  AjtctaTf^bal  book,  is  as  utterly  anworlhy  of  a  onn  of  ednca. 
ta:»u  a»  ii  »  liicifVMi;^  dkio^editable  in  a  diviaae.  Bnl  kl  «s  bear  Mr. 
Kin^  «»ia:: — 

aa  th»  oiloaRii  af  SMM  la  a  vtty  teJaiWal 
,*  w«K  tt»  ttibr  JHpii,  sMi  ttibr  saNfaSk  «ni 


1861.] 


The  Handbook  of  Roman  Numiamalics. 


137 


oxywned  by  a  rainbow  like  Uio  eniHragdtig :  and  ttic  light  of  the  city  ib  liico  a  very 
predoQS  atone,  a  jaspis  crystallized;  that  is,  the  green  of  the  jasper,  brilliant  and 
tranapareot  as  crystal,  by  which  h©  probably  meam  to  exprosa  the  true  emerald.  Such 
mUuaioiiJi,  such  exact  knowledge  of  points  only  to  he  acquired  by  persons  dealing  in 
mcb  articlea,  or  otherwise  ohliged  Ui  acquire  a  tcchnit-al  knowledge  of  tbcm,  could  not 
have  been  found  in  a  Galilean  flshermttn ;  unless  we  cbor«e  to  cut  the  knot  witb  the 
aword  of  Terbal  Initpiration,  Here  then  may  be  another  argument  in  8npi>ort  of  the 
opinion  that  St.  John  the  Evangelist  and  St.  John  Tbecdogus  were  two,  dKtcrcnt  per- 
acma.*'— (p.  430.) 

Is  it  credible  that  the  Fellow  of  a  College,  in  Holy  Orders,  can  thus 
write?  Is  **the  sword  of  verbal  Inspiration,"  then  required^  wherever  we 
find  an  Apoetle  displaying  a  greater  degree  of  knowledge  than  he  can  be 
thought  to  have  naturally  enjoyed?  And  if  it  be  reqnired,  is  it  to  be 
thought  80  moiiBtrons  an  alternative,  that,  rather  than  resort  to  It,  we  must 
turn  one  man  into  two, — in  defiance  of  Beason,  and  of  Testimony  ?  .  ,  , 
What  else  does  Mr.  King  say  hut  this  : — that  if  the  evidence  that  St.  John 
enjoyed  a  Divine  help  shall  be  altogether  overwhelming ;  rather  than  admit 
tiiat  he  was  Inspired,  he  ia  prepared  to  resort  to  the  most  violent  hypo- 
thesis? Mr.  King,  at  all  events,  is  wiHing-  to  invent  an  hitherto  unheard-of 
individual ;  to  father  upon  him  the  Book  of  Revelation  ;  and  to  afisume 
that  he  was  "  a  dealer*'  in  precious  stones ;  or  had  been  **  otherwise  ohliged 
to  acquire  a  leckmcal  knoH^led^e  of  them  ;" — rather  than  accept  the  belief 
of  tlie  Church  universal  that  '*  St,  John  the  Divirte,"  who  wrote  the  Apo- 
calypse, was  also  the  inspired  author  of  the  fourth  Gospel ;  and  conceive  it 
possible  that  he  was  Divinely  guided  aa  to  the  precise  order  in  which  he 
should  enumerate  the  twelve  stones  which  make  the  foundations  of  the 
Heavenly  Jerusalem ! 

We  could  wish  however  that  Mr.  King  would  have  kept  to  his  proper 
subject,  and  not  gone  out  of  his  way  to  assail  Inspiration.  So  long  as  he 
keeps  to  the  history  and  nature  of  gems,  he  writes  interestingly  and  well; 
and  we  have  to  thank  him  for  a  readable  and  beaulifid  book  on  one  of  the 
roost  attractive,  but  at  the  same  time  most  neglected  departments  of  the 
Fine  Arts. 


TKE  HANDBOOK  OF  ROMAN  NUMISMATICS*, 
No  branch  of  archeeotogy  is  more  Important  than  ibe  atudy  of  ancient 
coins;  it  affords  a  wide  scope  to  the  historian,  from  the  vast  amount 
of  valuable  facts  presented  in  the  curt  but  significant  legends  abounding 
in  an  almost  endless  variety  upon  the  enormous  number  of  Greek  and 
Roman  coins  which  have  come  down  to  us  uninjured  by  the  wear  and  tear 
of  ages.  Numismatics,  more  perhaps  than  any  other  science  of  an  anti- 
qoarian  character,  ts  encouraging  to  its  advocates  in  being  free  from  those 


■  *'Tlie  Handbook  of  Roman  Kamisnuitics. 
X  Biuaoll  Smith ) 

Qxrr.  ILaa.  Voi.  CCXI. 


By  Fred.  W.  Madden,"    (London: 


188  The  Handbook  of  Roman  Numismatics.  [Aug 

doubts  and  uncertainties  which  usually  perplex  and  dishearten  the  labourers 
in  the  wilder  fields  of  primeval  archaology.  It  has  a  literature  of  its  own, 
sure  and  intelligible,  unblemished  by  ignorant  transcribers  and  knavish 
interpolators.  Unlike  inscriptions  upon  stone,  the  legends  of  coins  are 
seldom  so  injured  by  time  as  to  be  rendered  incapable  of  being  read  and 
understood ;  and  their  wonderfxd  applicability  to  historical  purposes  places 
these  metallic  gems  infinitely  above  the  more  costly  intaglios  and  cameos 
which,  in  comparison,  sink  into  the  ranks  of  those  elegant  collections 
which  the  luxurious  wealthy  get  together  without  the  necessity  of  much 
study  or  knowledge  of  any  kind.  Collecting  and  understanding  ancient 
coins  require  a  far  higher  cultivation  of  intellect  than  is  needed  in  most 
departments  of  archeology ;  and  it  may  be  a  matter  of  question  whether 
the  education  and  classical  acquirements  demanded  of  the  numismatist  are 
not  the  real  cause  of  the  ne^ect  with  which  the  science  has  been  treated. 
We  see  no  archseological  societies  meddling  much  with  numismatics ;  and 
so  little  encouragement,  in  recent  times,  was  given  to  this  department  of 
antiquities  by  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London,  that  the  Fellows 
eminent  in  numismatics  were  compelled  to  form  a  new  society,  as  has  been 
the  case  with  the  more  ardent  inquirers  in  other  fields,  which  the  earlier 
volumes  of  the  Archwolopa  prove  the  parent  society  considered  itself  capable 
of  investigating.  The  Numismatic  Society  thus  forced  to  be  formed,  has 
shewn  how  much  it  could  achieve,  and,  consequently,  how  much  the  parent 
body  left  undone.  About  twenty  volumes  have  been  printed  by,  or  under 
the  auspices  of  the  Society ;  and  some  of  its  leading  members  have  pub- 
lished works  of  standard  utility,  such  as  the  well-known  ''Catalogue''  and 
"  Manual"  of  Mr.  Akerman ;  and  now  Mr.  Madden's  '^  Handbook." 

At  first  view  it  would  seem  that  the  limits  of  a  science  based  upon  the 
works  of  man's  hands  must  be  necessarily  restricted  and  defined ;  but  it  is 
not  so  with  numismatics :  as  in  the  province  of  natural  history,  new  varieties 
or  new  species  are  continually  being  discovered ;  and  these  discoveries  often 
render  very  common  what  previously  may  have  been  of  the  highest  rarity. 
Mr.  Madden*s  work  has  for  its  main  object  keeping  pace  with  the  progress 
of  the  science,  and  helping  the  practised  collector,  as  well  as  the  t3rro,  cor- 
rectly to  classify  and  to  understand  at  a  glance  the  comparative  rarity  (and 
consequently  to  form  some  notion  of  the  pecuniary  value)  of  the  entire  series 
of  Roman  coins  down  to  the  reign  of  Theodosius.  Such  a  work  demands 
a  considerable  amount  of  investigation  among  modem  as  well  as  ancient 
authorities ;  and  it  is  pleasing  to  see  that  the  author  has  well  studied  his 
subject,  and  has  treated  it  with  care  and  discrimination^  He  has  intro- 
duced several  criticisms  on  obscure  and  disputed  legends  and  their  inter- 
pretations, which  evince  study  and  sound  judgment ;  and  will,  no  doubt, 
secure  the  "  Handbook ''  a  place  upon  the  shelf  of  every  coin  collector  and 
numismatist.  The  plates  of  rare  and  interesting  coins  are  alone  worth  the 
money  at  which  the  volume  is  offered. 


1861.]  139 


^I'tQinal   Bocumrnt£{. 


(1861. 
I 
Mb.  UaBAN, — I  encloae  you  the  copy  of  a  memorial  written  in  1595 

from  the  Bishop  of  8t,  David's  and  certain  others,  Justices  of  Pembroke- 
shire, to  Lord  Burghleigh,  upon  the  then  state  of  Milfard  Haven.  The 
insertion  uf  it  in  your  Magazine  at  the  present  moment  will  not  be  con- 
sidered inapplicable. 

Milford,  in  former  times,  was  viewed  by  tlie  English  nation  as  a  spot  of 
more  vital  importance  to  the  country  than  it  appears  to  be  at  present ; 
although  ^eat  effort*  are  at  the  immediate  moment  making  to  increase  the 
strength  of  its  harbour. 

It  stands  connected  in  the  middte  ages,  in  several  instanceSt  with  the 
events  of  English  history. 

King  Richard  the  Second  embarked  at  Milford  Haven  when  entering 
upon  his  last  expedition  to  Ireland.  A  FrencJi  force  of  12,000  men 
landed  there  in  the  reign  of  Henry  the  Fourth,  and  to  some  extent  pro- 
tracted the  campaign  against  Owen  Glendowr;  and  Henry  the  Seventh 
came  to  Milford  Haven  before  he  conceotrated  his  force  against  Bichard 
the  Third. 

Among  the  Burghleigh  Papers  printed  by  Murdin  is  a  letter  from  the 
Earl  of  Pembroke,  dated  February  11,  1592,  written  to  Queen  Elizabeth 
by  Her  Majesty^s  command^  containing  his  opiniun  on  the  expediency  and 
practicability  of  fortifying  the  harbour.  The  Queen's  engineers,  however, 
it  should  seem  from  the  ensuing  memorial,  were  not  employed  in  conse- 
quence of  the  Earr«  letter.  The  prospect  of  an  intended  invasion  from 
the  Spaniards  evidently  gave  rise  to  the  memorial  here  produced  to  your 
readers.  H.  E. 

Jaihtmjf  Rmdd^  BisJkop  of  Si,  Damd'sy  and  the  Jtutice*  pf  Ptmhroieshire^  (o  Lord 
BmrgkUfiffk  upon  the  ihtn  ttaie  of  Milford  Hupen  and  the  proiabtt  comeqmncc^. 

[MS.  Lansd.  79,  art.  8.] 
HiGHT  honorable  «nd  our  singular  g(K>d  Lord,  the  bounden  duty  we  owe  to  Tier 
Ma**',  the  conscience  we  have  for  safcgardc  of  the  whole  Ilcalme,  and  the  care  that 
in  nature  and  reason  wee  carry  of  this  our  Countric^  have  eml)oldened  us*  to  offer 
this  PiBCOurse  unto  jour  honour  conccrninge  the  safetic  of  thern  and  tia  all. 

It  becometli  us  not  to  feare,  nor  do  we  doubt  of  the  wise  and  grave  considem* 
c'on  Utat  your  Lorddhip  and  the  rest  of  the  LL.  of  Her  Ma**  moste  honorable 
Privy  Counsail  have  had  and  still  have,  for  preacrvatiou  of  Her  Ma*^'  and  the 
Realme,  but  yett  fearing  your  waott  of  due  infonnac'on  touching  the  estate  uf 
Wylfordo  Haven  and  the  parts  adjoyningc.  It  maie  please  jou  to  nnderstonde 
that  the  Haven  it  selff  being  neither  barred  to  hynder  enlrie,  oor  to  be  embayed 
by  any  windes  to  lett  yssiujige  furth,  is  a  suflicieutt  harborough  for  an  infynite 


mr 


140 


Original  Documents, 


[Aug, 


tiombcr  of  Sljipps  ;  vFhich  haven  being  once  gotten  by  the  Enemye  may  drawe  on 

suoh  fortilicatiou  as  Pembroke  Towuc  and  Castle  (standing  upon  a  majrnc  Book* 

and  uppon  a  Creckc  of  the  Haven),  and  the  Towne  and  Castle  of  Tynby,  with 

other  places  nerc  unto  them,  as  inGiiite  noiubers  of  men  and  great  expence  of 

treasure  will  hardelic  in  a  long  tyme  remoTc  the  enemy ;  during  which  tyme  Her 

c 
Ma*^'  shall  loose  a  fertyle  countrey  w*""*  yeldes  Her  Ma***  xii/t .  by  ycre,  and  more  in 

re?cnne  paide  to  Her  Ma*'  Receever,  bejiides  all  other  receiptts  both  tempcrall  and 

Ecclesiasticall,  as  Tenths  and  subsidies,  &c. 

Also  it  is  to  bo  remcmbred  that  the  Soyle  nere  the  saide  Haven  yeldcth  oome 
in  such  nbtindanee  us  wolde  suffice  to  mayntetne  a  greate  Arniy»  and  the  fteacoasts 
nere  aboutc  it  yelde  greate  plenty  of  fishe.  The  haven  also  stnndcth  very  comodi- 
onslye  to  receave  victnaliij  from  France,  Br^tauia,  or  Spayne,  all  which  t hinges 
maie  be  an  occasion  to  move  the  Enen»ye  to  affect  that  place  before  others. 

And  also  there  are  in  Pembrockshire  xviij.  CastleSiJof  which  though  there  bo 
but  two  or  three  in  reparac'on,  yet  are  the  rest  places  of  greato  strength  and  caailj 
to  be  fortified  by  tlie  Enemye ;  some  of  which  are  so  seated  naturally  for  strengtii 
as  they  seem  ympreguable.  Also  tljere  are  in  that  Slure  to  be  seene  in  aondry 
parts  theieof  dyverse  Sconces  or  forts  of  Earth,  niyiieJ  in  greate  heiglit  w*^  greate 

rampiers  and  dy  tchea,  to  the  nouiber  of  vj.  or  vij,  w*^"*  in  tymes  past  have  ben  places 
of  strength  in  tyme  of  warrs.  All  w'^''  Castles  and  Fortes  wonlde  yeldc  greate 
advantage  to  the  Enemyes  to  strengthen  themselves,  in  such  Borte  that  it  woulde 
be  an  infynite  chardg  to  remove  them  from  thence. 

Agayne,  the  same  is  scituate  within  vij*  bowres  say  ling  of  Waterforde  &  Wex- 
ford in  Ireland.  So  as  yf  the  Enemye  have  an  intcnc*on  to  invade  Ireland  (as  by 
reporte  wee  have  barde  he  hath)  his  harborough  in  this  haven  maie  serve  hym  to 
greate  purpose. 

Eurthcrmore,  being  Lorde  fas  it  were)  of  tbetse  Seas  by  possessing  this  Haven 
what  spoile  be  maie  make  along  Sea v erne  on  both  sides  even  to  Brisloll.  may  be 
easelie  conjectured.  And  if  he  (w**"  Gud  forbidd)  shouldc  enjoyc  Brytauie  withall, 
our  Englii»hc  marclumts  can  have  no  trade,  w'^^  will  decrease  Her  Highnes  customes 
and  decay  the  Navy. 

If  it  be  thought  that  he  maie  be  kept  from  landinge,  neyther  the  force  of  men 
nor  furniture  here  will  serve  the  tume,  considering  here  be  monie  places  where  he 
maie  easi'lie  landc  And  he  maie  miW  uppon  us  within  halff  a  dnies  sayiinge,  (we 
having  no  Ship])s  at  sea  to  discry  hyin  sooner).  And  how  then  our  small  forces 
male  bo  in  a  irariyncs  to  wythstaude  hym  wee  refer  to  your  Honor's  judgment. 

And  if  it  be  thought  that  Her  Ma**  Navy  Royall  be  able  to  conquer  them  bctug 
onoti  in  this  huvtn  (and  that  by  them  fortifycd),  y*  woold  be  foundc  very  barde,  by 
reason  that  uppon  cverie  little  storrne  (for  want  of  the  harborongh  or  bayc  to 
fth    '  'i'  y  bhall  l>e  in  groat  danger  of  wrack,  and  no  lande  forces  are  able  to 

f  X,  ,  wljcrcuf>fm  mc^  hunvblie  praie  your  L'  to  consider  whether  it  be  not 

eX4it^dltlntl  for  the  w:  of  the  Enemy  that  he  obtayne  not  this  Har- 

borough, to  hiivc  a  c<  noniber  of  Shipps  of  warr  and  fortifications  to 

ilefende  the  sjuuc,  which  preptir»ieV»n,  if  the  Enemy  might  pcrccave,  Wee  bclcvc 
ti'rilii  it  vsfiiiliic  »lter  his  myude  from  adventuring  his  Navy  uppon  this  Coajite. 

I  late  M'  Pttwlo  Ivyc  was  scntt  hethcr  to  survey  the  Haven,  and 

places  for  fortificatioti,  what  Reportc  he  hath  made  of  his  Opy- 

'4,  but  sure  wee  are  that  hia  abode  aboutc  that  service  was  verie 

n,  iiiHi  Dts  survey  verio  spocdelic  dispatched.     So  that  because  none  of  us  were 


4 


4 


i 


1861.] 


Original  Documents. 


141 


priv^e  to  his  ententte  or  concejte.  Wee  do  yett  ret&yne  some  hope  that  if  some 
her  man  of  experience  were  sentt  clowne  bitber  to  consider  of  all  the  saide  Cir- 
camstADoes,  some  such  reports  wovdd  happelie  be  made  rnto  your  Honor  and  the 
rest,  as  some  better  CTcnt  might  ensue  for  the  Bafotie  of  this  poore  Countrie,  and 
the  whole  Realme,  than  as  yett,  for  ought  we  knowe  hath  byn  determyned  uppon, 
espcciollie  yf  the  partie  shall  have  instruce'otis  to  riewe  the  to  woe  and  Castle  of 
Tynby,  being  a  place  w'**  maie  be  eaaelie  made  of  exceediuge  strength,  and  was  not 
scene  by  M'  Ivye  ncerer  than  twoe  my  lea  distaunce,  for  ought  that  wc  can  leame. 
Thus  havingc  wee  hope  discharged  the  duties  of  true  and  faithfull  BubjcclSj  weo 
huniblie  remylt  yo'^  good  Lordship  and  all  your  grave  counsayles  to  the  blessed  pro- 
tection and  direction  of  Alndghty  God.  Ffrom  Carmerthen  the  eighth  of  Novem- 
ber 1595. 

Yo'  Lp*  humble  at  Com'aundmV 
Akth.  Mekevkn* 

J,  WOGUN. 

George  Owen, 
Am.  Meybick. 
Alb^n^  Stepneth. 
To  the  light  honorable  o"^  very 

good  Lord  the  Lo.  Burgh- 

Icit^h,  Lo,  Highe  Treasurer 

of  Englande. 


ANTTQUiKiAH  Discoveries  at  St.  MartjnX  Leicester.  An  important  dis- 
covery has  very  recently  been  made,  in  the  courac  of  the  works  now  being  carried 
on  at  this  spot.  The  workmen  employed  in  excavating  the  earth  on  the  north 
side  of  the  Churchi  discovered  on  the  site  of  the  transeptal  portion  of  the  atructiiro 
a  atone  wail  running  a  few  feet  below  and  in  a  line  with  the  palisading.  On  the 
top  of  the  wall  were  still  standing  the  bases  of  two  massive  Doric  columns^  a  foot 
find  a-hulf  «ich  in  diameter.  At  right  angles  with  this  wall,  in  the  unexcavated 
portion  of  the  earth,  was  seen  a  line  or  streak  of  mortar  and  broken  floor-tilea — 
the  rem^iins  of  a  pavement — indicating  that  the  interior  of  the  original  edifice  was 
on  the  aite  of  tlie  present  interior  of  St.  Martin  s  Church.  The  earth  contuins 
many  fra^icnts  of  Iloman  pottery^  such  as  the  necks  of  bottles  of  white  ware, 
With  portions  of  ilangc  tiles ;  and  the  traces  of  Roman  remains  generally  are  un- 
equivocal and  abundant.  The  flange  tiles  corroborate  the  fact,  which  the  trsocs  of 
the  pavemCDt  indicate^  of  the  interior  of  the  Roman  ediSee  having  been  where  the 
present  interior  is  ;  for  such  tiles  were  used  for  roofing,  and  they  probably  have 
remained  where  they  fell  on  the  destruction  of  the  building  which  they  onco  covered. 
The  two  frngmcnts  of  oolumns^  standing  on  a  strong  stone  wall,  and  the  discovery 
of  bones  on  all  sides  within  the  interior^  point  to  the  eiiatence  of  a  temple  on  the 
spot  where  now  stands  a  Christian  church.  The  two  bases  of  columns  evidently 
formed  portions  of  a  colonnade  ;  and  from  their  size  and  the  apace  intervening  be- 
tween them,  it  may  be  presumed  to  have  been  a  long  colonnade.  Li  all  proba- 
bility this  was  continued  round  three  sides  of  the  building,  and  the  area  of  the  in- 
terior would  tliiis  be  us  spacious,  or  more  so,  than  that  of  any  pubUc  building  now 
standing  in  Leicester ;  thus  giving  the  idea  of  a  stately  and  extensive  edifice  hav- 
ing sixteen  or  seventeen  hundred  years  ago  occupied  the  site  of  St.  Martin's 
Church. 


142  [Ang. 


2lnttqaartatt  anli  S^itrrarg  Sntelligcnrrr. 


{^Corretpomdemis  are  requested  to  append  their  Addreteee,  noi,  anleu  agreeable^  far 
publicaH<m,  bui  t »  order  ihat  a  copy  of  the  Gbittlxmah'b  Magazikb  eomUnaiMg 
their  CdmmmmeaHome  mag  he  forwarded  to  them,^ 

SOCIETY  OF  ANTIQUARIES  OF  LONDON. 

Ma^  16.     Eabl  Stakhops,  President,  in  the  chair. 

The  ballot  was  taken  for  John  Edward  Lee,  Esq.,  who  was  declared  to 
be  duly  elected  a  Fellow  of  the  Society. 

The  Ea&l  of  Cawdob  exhibited,  through  the  Director,  three  bone 
implements  recently  discovered  at  Inchnacavrack,  near  the  castle  of 
Cawdor.  » 

The  Dean  akd  Canohs  of  WEsncnrsTEB  exhibited  the  famous  Service- 
books  of  Nicholas  Litling^on,  Abbot  of  Westminster  ten^.  Rich.  II.,  in 
two  large  folio  volumes.  W.  H.  Hart,  F.S.A.,  communicated  some  re* 
marks  on  these  volumes,  calling  special  attention  to  the  curious  details  on 
the  rites  to  be  observed  at  a  coronation  of  a  king.  The  Dean  and  Canons 
also  exhibited  a  very  interesting  helmet,  shield,  and  saddle  from  the  tomb  of 
Henry  the  Fifth,  at  Westminster  Abbey.  That  these  were  not  merely  the 
furniture  of  a  pageant  would  seem  to  be  imptied  by  the  fact  of  the  helmet 
having  on  the  left  side  an  extra  thickness  of  plate,  as  if  to  resist  with 
greater  effect  the  blows  which  would  £dl  most  heavily  on  that  side.  This 
precaution  would  scarcely  have  been  taken  if  the  helmet  had  been  intended 
to  adorn  the  dead  in  a  funeral,  rather  than  to  defend  the  living  in  a  tilt. 
The  lining  of  the  shield  and  the  fittings  of  the  saddle  presented  some 
very  curious  details,  to  which  the  Director  called  attention.  A  resolution 
was  moved  by  Octavius  Morgan,  Esq.,  seconded  by  Frederic  Ouvry,  Esq., 
Treasurer,  and  carried  unanimously,  instructing  the  Secretary  to  convey  to 
the  Dean  and  Canons  the  thanks  of  the  Meeting  for  the  very  valuable 
exhibition  made  that  evening  to  the  Society,  and  at  the  same  time  to 
express  a  hope,  first,  that  permission  might  be  granted  to  the  Society  to 
publish  such  portions,  if  any,  of  the  Litlington  Service-book  as  might  on 
further  examination  be  deemed  expedient,  or  at  any  rate  to  give  an  account 
of  them  in  the  pages  of  the  Archttologia ;  and»  secondly,  that  the  helmet, 
&c.,  might  be  preserved  from  further  decay  by  being  placed  under  a 
glass  case. 

ioBS  EvAHs,  Esq.,  F.S. A.,  communicated ''  An  Account  of  some  further 
discoveries  of  Flint  Implements  in  the  Drift,  both  on  the  Continent  and  in 
England."  This  paper  was  listened  to  by  a  large  audiaiG«  with  all  the 
attention  which  the  subject  and  the  antbor  were  both  of  them  calculated  to 


186L] 


Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London, 


143 


inspire ;  the  subject — because  the  questioo  of  flint  impleraenU  in  the  drillt 
13  so  bound  up  with  the  early  history,  the  very  cradle  of  oar  race,  that 
every  one  is  anxious  to  peer  as  far  as  may  lye  into  that  (errfi  incagnita  about 
which  revelation  has  left  us  all  but  ignorant,  and  science  has  not*  yet  made 
us  wise ;  the  author — because  Mr.  Evans  is,  in  this  country,  the  man  of  all 
others  who  has  a  rig^ht  to  be  heard  upon  this  matter,  except  in  those 
quarters  where  a  careful  amassing  of  fticts  and  a  dispassionate  deduction 
of  conclusions  are  looked  upon  with  less  favour  than  pretty  theories  and 
crude  speculations  built  on  sand.  The  paper  will,  we  presume,  be  pub- 
lished in  the  Arclufologia.  Mr*  Evans  invited,  meanwhile,  the  attention  of 
antiquaries  to  the  quarter  where  a  search  for  these  flint  implements  were 
most  likely  to  be  found,  viz.  the  post-glacial  drifts,  and  more  particularly 
the  fresh-water  pleistocene  drift,  containio^  elephant  remains,  which  occur 
in  nearly  all  parts  of  England.  The  object  may  be  worth  bearing  in  mind 
during  the  autumnal  touring  of  our  archaeologists*  We  ought  to  have 
stated  tiiat  the  paper  was  illustrated  by  the  exhibition  of  a  very  large 
number  of  dint  implements. 


M(Mf  30.  OcTATiirs  MoKOAN,  Esq.,  MP,,  in  the  chair. 

Alak  Swatm.\n,  Esq,,  exhibited,  through  J.  J.  lioward,  Esq.,  F.S.A., 
a  gold  coin  of  Lewis  of  Bavaria,  with  the  double-headed  eagle. 

Majos  William  Cooper  Coopee,  F.S.A.,  preseured  a  ring  found  with 
a  skeleton  at  Toddington,  Bedfordshire. 

Mr.  Irklanu,  by  permission  of  Mrs,  Newcomen,  exhibited  a  very 
interesting  pectoral  crucifix  of  jet,  of  the  twelfth  century »  It  was  found 
in  1855  at  Kirklealham-hall,  Cleveland,  Yorkshire* 

John  Brent,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  exhibited  three  Samian-ware  pans,  with 
remarks,  the  object  of  which  was  to  combat  the  prevalent  idea  that  none 
of  this  ware  was  ever  manufactured  by  the  Komans  in  their  British 
potteries. 

W.  Hepwoeth  Dixon,  Essq.,  F.S»A,,  read  a  paper  '*  On  Lord  Bacon's 
ConfeftBion.*'     We  give  a  brief  abstract  of  the  facts  and  arguments ; — 

3ilr.  Dixon  observed  that  though  the  question  whether  Francis  Bacon,  when  he 
beld  the  Great  Seals,  was  a  pure  judge,  is  one  that  in  some  degree  alTects  the  whole 

dj  of  our  practical  morality,  it  is  right  to  discuss  it  apart  from  the  moral  in- 
Bueaces  of  sympathy  and  sentiment,  and  to  try  it  by  the  severest  critical  and  legal 
testa.  If  Bacon  were  a  rogue,  so  much  the  worse  for  us,  who  trace  directly  back 
to  him  so  large  a  share  of  our  intellectual  and  moral  life.  But  we  must  not  snatch 
a  judgment  on  an  unfair  statement  of  the  case.  We  ought  to  try  and  find  out,  not 
what  we  may  wish  our  teacher  had  been,  but  what  he  was.  But  let  us  not,  because 
he  is  our  benefactor,  deal  with  him  arbitrarily  and  illegohy.  Let  him  have  justice. 
Any  pcr»0D  aooused  io  a  court  of  law  is  assumed  to  be  innocent  until  his  guilt  is 
proved.  In  weighing  the  proofs  of  guilt,  a  magistrate  is  bound  to  alli^w  the  accused 
tli«  full  advantages  of  his  own  good  character,  and  of  the  bad  character  of  his 
aoDuien.    So  let  it  be  witb  Bacon,    Above  aU,  let  us  give  him  the  full  benefit  of 


144  Aniiguariam  and  IMerary  Iniettigeneer.  [Ang. 

any  reasonable  doabts  which  maj  arise  as  to  the  scope  and  meaning  of  his  own  ad- 
missions against  himself.  It  must  be  borne  in  mind,  that  among  the  many  cireum- 
stances  which  render  the  case  ai  Lord  Baoon  memorable,  is  the  circumstance,  too 
often  ignored,  that  the  sole  witness  against  Baoon  whom  any  judge  would  be  free 
to  hear  in  his  court,  is  Bacon  himsdf.  People  talk  of  his  trial,  and  of  his  judicial 
condemnation.  But  a  mere  reference  to  the  journals  of  Parliament,  or  to  the  com- 
pendious extracts  in  the  State  Trials,  will  shew  that  he  was  never  tried  at  all.  There 
WIS  an  inquiry,  but  not  a  trial.  No  court  was  ever  constituted,  nor  was  any  legal 
indictment  ever  drawn.  The  difference  between  such  an  inquiiy  as  took  place,  and 
a  proper  trial  under  the  king's  commission,  is  immense.  The  inquiry  was  not  public. 
I^  witnesses  were  not  sworn  to  speak  the  truth.  Their  statements  were  all  ex 
parte.  There  wns  no  cross-examination,  no  sifting  of  evidence,  or  inquiry  into  the 
characters  of  the  deposing  witnesses.  The  accused  was  not  present,  either  in  person 
or  by  his  counsel  Not  a  single  fact  in  the  accusation  against  the  Chancellor  was 
legally  proved.  The  vote  of  the  House  of  Peers  was,  in  fact,  given  on  Bacon's 
letter  of  submission  and  confession,  and  on  that  alone.  That  this  vote  was  given, 
not  as  a  judicial  and  extraordinary,  but  as  a  political  and  ordinary  sentence  of  that 
House,  is  obvious  from  the  very  forms  observed,  which  were  those  in  daily  use, 
whenever  the  House  sat  in  committee.  Thus  it  hiippens,  that  of  the  several  facts 
alleged  against  Baoon  by  his  enemies,  not  one  underwent  the  usual  legal  tests — 
publicity,  deposition  on  oath,  and  cross-examination — so  as  to  make  it  admissible 
as  evidence  in  any  court.  The  whole  case,  consequently,  turns  upon  the  submission 
and  confession.  The  House  of  Lords  voted  on  it.  The  modem  enemies  of  Baoon 
rest  their  case  upon  it  From  Bacon's  own  confession,  these  critics  say,  there  can 
be  no  appeaL  That  this  assertion  of  Lord  Bacon's  enemies  is  wrong  in  its  history 
and  false  in  its  law  is  ci^ble  of  the  clearest  proof.  The  story  of  the  Chancellor's 
life  from  1621  to  1625  is  the  stoiy  of  an  appeal  from  the  reading  which  these 
enemies  are  pleased  to  put  on  his  submission  and  confession — an  appeal  made  by 
iuSbself  and  by  his  contemporaries,  as  his  many  letters  to  the  King,  and  four  or  five 
solemn  acts  of  the  Privy  Council,  suffice  to  shew — an  appeal  which  had,  moreover, 
a  perfect  success.  The  appeal  then  made  broke  down  the  sentence  point  by  point, 
nBtQ  nothing  of  it  remained.  On  the  3rd  <^  May,  1621,  the  House  of  Lords  passed 
the  following  judgment  and  resolution : — "  (1)  That  the  Ixxd  Viscount  St.  Albans, 
Lord  Cbanceilor  of  England,  shall  undergo  fine  and  ransom  of  40,0002. ;  (2)  that 
be  shall  be  imprisoned  in  the  Tower  during  the  King's  pleasure ;  (3)  that  he  shall 
for  ever  be  incapable  of  any  office,  place  or  employment  in  the  State  or  Common- 
wealth ;  (4)  that  he  shall  never  sit  in  Parliament  nor  come  within  the  verge  of  the 
Court.  This  is  the  judgment  and  resolution  of  this  high  court."  Now,  eveiy 
clause  in  this  resolution  tmu  appealed  against,  notwithstanding  Bacon's  submission 
and  confession,  and  eveiy  clause  in  it  was  subsequently  set  aside.  No  fact  in  his- 
tory is  more  certain  than  that  the  Privy  Council  treated  this  "  resolution"  of  the 
Peers  as  a  purely  nominal  sentence.  No  part  of  it  was  really  enforced  Bacon 
was  released  from  the  Tower  after  a  few  days  of  imprisonment.  Not  a  penny  of 
the  40,000/.  was  exacted  from  him-  He  was  not  prevented  from  coming  within 
the  verge  of  the  Court,  for  he  was  again  received  by  the  King,  and  he  again  took 
up  liis  old  lodgings  in  Gray's  Inn-square.  Thai  he  was  not  considered  as  inci^iable 
of  boldini:  any  office  or  employment  in  the  commonwealth  is  proved  by  the  xeal 
with  wliicb  SecrelAXT  Conway  laboured  to  procure  for  him  the  place  of  Provost 
of  Eum,  and  By  King  James's  own  inrltnaa.ian  to  bestow  this  place  upon  him. 
Finally,  the  danse  declaring  tbat  he  should  never  again  sit  in  Paiiiamcnt  was  re- 
5 


186L] 


Socieft/  of  Antiqvaries  of  London, 


145 


vokcdj  aud  the  eustomaty  writ  recalled  birn  to  tbe  tlrst  parliameiat  caUcd  by  King 
Clmrlea,  These  incontestable  liistorical  facts  estalilish  an  appeal,  a  perfectly  suc- 
cessful appeal,  agiiinst  the  "jxidgtncut  and  resolution"  parsed  by  tbe  Peers  on 
Lord  Bacon's  confession.  So  far  history  is  clear.  In  whatever  sense  Bacon  used 
the  words  of  bis  submission  and  confession,  the  commonwealth  took  no  permanent 
lio(4?  of  them.  Tlicy  passed  away  as  a  mere  formal  plea  \  as  td>  initio  null  and  void, 
bat  the  words  at  the  .bead  of  the  submission  and  confession  were,  In  fact,  used 
hypitthctically  and  formally  by  Bacon,  and  not  otherwise,  and  that  tlicy  were  so 
tecnived  and  unders-totjd  by  bis  contemporaries,  was  next  established  by  Mr.  Dixon 
i  in  a  series  of  historical  investigations.  He  shewed  that  thiFj  fact  resulted  from 
a  comparison  of  Bae<in's  o>sti  declaration,  and  from  the  course  pursued  by  the 
Crown  and  by  society.  It  was  especially  important  to  notice  how  comph'tely  the 
sense  of  his  plea  of  guilty  was  limited  by  Bacon's  own  statements.  In  liis  famotis 
ktler  to  the  Lords,  read  on  the  30tb  of  April,  Bacon  wrote,  in  tbe  form  of  a  general 
\  of  gTiilty  : — *'  Upon  advised  consideration  of  the  charge,  descending  into  my 
I  conscience  and  calling  my  memory  to  account  so  far  as  I  am  able,  I  do  plaitdy 
and  iDgenuoosly  confess  that  I  am  guilty  of  corruption,  and  do  renounce  all 
defence/* 

If  these  words  stood  alone ;  if  the  facts  out  of  which  they  grew  were  lost  to  us ; 
if  the  writer  were  not  known  to  have  used  other  words,  not  once,  but  many  times, 
which  control  and  explain  them,  they  would  weigh  heavily  against  the  man  who 
used  them.  But  Kicon  iivTote  : — *'  For  the  briberies  and  gifts  wherewith  1  am 
•  tharged,  when  the  Book  of  Hearts  shall  be  opened,  I  hope  I  shall  not  be  found  to 
Imve  the  troubled  fountain  of  a  comvpt  heart  in  a  depraved  habit  of  taking  rewards 
to  pervert  justice."  Again  he  wrote,  from  a  sick  bed,  in  what  appeared  to  liis  phy- 
>icians  as  tlie  very  extremity  of  his  life :— *'  I  take  myself  to  be  as  innocent  as  any 
babe  born  on  Saint  Innocents*  Day  in  my  heart."  And  again : — **  There  be  three 
degrees  or  cases,  as  I  conceive,  of  gifts  or  rewards  given  to  a  judge.  The  first  is^ 
of  bargain,  conlnict  or  promise  of  reward  f>endenf€  lite  ;  and  of  tliis  my  heart  tells 
mc  that  I  am  innocent ;  that  I  bad  no  reward  in  my  eye  or  thought  when  I  pro- 
nounced any  sentence  or  order."  And  once  again : — "  I  thank  God  I  have  clean 
iumds  aud  a  clean  heart."  Here  we  have,  word  for  word.  Protestation  against  Ad- 
xnission.  The  assertion  of  purity  was  made  at  the  same  time,  and  to  the  same 
person,  as  the  confession  of  corruption.  It  13  certain,  therefore,  that  the  two  were 
reconcilable  in  Bacon's  mind ;  that  the  fault  whieh  he  admitted  was  not  absolutely 
incompatible  with  the  virtue  wliich  be  claimed. 

Mr.  Dixon  entered  with  great  minuteness  into  the  histoiy  of  the  eharge  agauist 
Bacon — shewing  bow  it  arose  in  the  enmity  of  Coke  and  the  ambition  of  Williams  ; 
how  it  grew  in  tlie  anger  of  Lady  Buckingham  and  the  greed  of  Crawtield ;  how 
it  took  shape  in  tlie  hands  of  the  forger  Churchill ;  and  how  it  succeeded  in  the 
hands  of  Ley  and  Buckingbam.  He  shewed  by  an  examination  of  each  point  in 
the  charge — an  examination  baaed  on  new  and  very  curious  discoveries — that 
Bacon  was  not  actually,  but  only  officially  and  hypothetically,  to  blame  for  the 
abiisrs  which  existed  in  his  court.  He  explained  the  reasons  wliich  induced 
Baeon  to  make  the  teelmical  plea  of  guilty.  When  the  Lords  resolved  themselves 
into  committee,  the  very  first  stnigy-le  between  the  partisans  of  Lady  Buckingham 
and  the  few  independent  peers  sliewed  tlieir  resolution  to  have  their  way  either 
through  the  law  or  against  the  law.  The  rule  of  Parliament  was  for  the  Lord 
Clianeellor,  ami,  of  course,  for  an  inferior  person  acting  in  his  place,  to  preside 
while  tlie  House  wa^  iu  full  session;  but  to  move,  when  the  House  went  into 
Grit.  Mao.  Tol.  CCXL  X 


^HB^^X^ 


14:6  Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intetligencer.  [Aog. 

committee,  to  his  own  seat.  Ley,  not  being  a  baron,  ouglit  to  have  dropped  from 
the  woolsack  to  a  back  bench  while  the  Peers  considered  the  Chancellor's  case,  as 
a  mere  assistant  without  a  voice.  But  the  usual  course  of  justice  did  not  serve  the 
purpose  of  Lady  Buckingham's  friends.  An  active  confederate,  bound  to  their 
patroness  by  the  ties  of  gratitude  and  the  hopes  of  preferment,  must  fashion  and 
control  these  momentous  investigations*,  therefore,  setting  at  naught  the  con- 
stitutional forms  of  Parliament,  they  proposed  that  Sir  James  Ley,  contrary  to  aH 
precedents  in  tlie  like  circumstances,  should  return  to  the  chair  and  direct  the 
House  while  they  sat  in  committee  on  Bacon's  case.  A  few  brave  men  protested 
against  this  audacious  and  illegal  course ;  but  a  majority  of  ser\'ile  barons,  voting 
under  the  immediate  eyes  of  Buckingham  and  tlie  Prince  of  Wales,  carried  the 
proposal,  and  Lady  Buckingham's  creature  resumed  liis  scat.  It  was  now  clear 
to  Bacon,  and  to  the  whole  world,  that  his  persecutors  commanded  a  majority  of 
votes,  and  tliat  no  consideration  of  legality  or  decency  would  check  them  in  the 
use  of  their  power  until  they  had  torn  from  him  the  Seals.  Should  the  malady 
which  had  broken  liis  health — and  perhaps  for  a  time  unstrung  liis  mind — spare 
his  life,  two  courses  were  before  him :  he  might  either  fling  defiance  at  his  enemies, 
brave  the  sentence  they  were  able  and  eager  to  pass,  and  die,  as  Egcrton  died,  of 
a  broken  heart ;  or  he  might  yield  the  prize  for  which  he  was  pursued,  retire  from 
public  life,  and  reserve  his  remaining  years  for  the  completion  of  his  nobler  in- 
tellectual work.  Ilis  own  inclinations  sided  with  the  counsels  pressed  upon  him 
by  his  Sovereign.  In  a  private  interview  James  implored  him  to  abandon  all 
defence,  to  submit  liis  cause  to  the  Peers,  and  trust  his  safety  and  liis  honour  to 
tlie  protection  of  the  Crown.  It  is  easy  to  conceive  tlie  reason  which  decided 
him  to  obey  tlic  King.  He  was  sick.  He  was  surrounded  by  foes.  His  fortune, 
liberty,  and  life,  lay  at  the  mercy  of  men  wlio  had  just  outraged  the  laws  of  Parlia- 
ment  to  his  disadvantage.  Only  tlie  King  could  save  him ;  the  King  would  only 
save  him  on  condition  that  he  should  avoid  the  scandal  of  a  great  criminal  trial. 
During  many  years  it  had  been  the  habit  of  the  Crown  in  political  cases  to  remit 
the  sentences  passed  on  technical  confessions  procured  or  imposed  by  itself.  H 
Bacon  would  submit,  the  King  undertook  that  his  submission  should  be  only 
a  submission  in  name.  By  taking  on  himself  a  little  temporary  blame,  he  miglit 
entertain  the  hope  of  doing  to  his  country  an  enormous  good.  The  corruptions 
of  Chancery  could  be  reached  in  no  other  way  than  through  the  Lord  Chancellor. 
Every  great  reform  demands  a  victim,  and  he  would  not  be  the  first  man  of 
Chancellor  life,  who,  iu  the  hope  of  gaining  a  vast  moral  result,  had  consented  to 
take  upon  himself  the  burden  of  offences  which  were  not  his  own.  Thus,  in  place 
of  being  an  act  of  weakness  or  of  despair,  his  plea  was  an  act  of  the  highest 
patriotism  and  sacrifice.  It  is  necessary  to  see,  however,  to  wliat  extent  he 
pleaded  guilty  even  hypothetically.  Tlie  "general"  plea  must  be  taken  with  the 
''particulars.''  Bacon,  ^i  fact,  admitted  the  receipt  of  the  several  fees  and 
presents :  if  the  receij)t  of  such  fees  and  presents  were  held  by  the  Peers  to  be 
l)roof  of  corniption,  be  was  guilty  of  comiption.  And  that  was  all.  He  nowhere 
admitted,  nowhere  allowed  his  judges  to  infer  that  he  had  ever  taken  a  fee  or 
present  as  a  bribe  to  pervert  justice.  Tlie  personal  gains  which  the  tools  of  Lady 
Bin  kinirhaiii  sou^lit  from  the  persecution  of  Lord  Bacon  secured,  the  pretence 
f'f  a  i!ii:u':  aL';i:.M  liiiii  was  akimloned,  and  the  sentence  against  him  set  ai-ide. 
K'.'  r.'r  -Iv  ■■  .(j.-r-^^'^xjil  Ms  ple-i  of  Guilty  to  refer  to  his  "second  degree*' — guilty 
01  c  .«rrui*ii<iii,  in  allowing  fees  to  be  paid  iuto  his  court  at  irregular  times:  an 
offcuce  which  ii'inch  asserted  tha.t  no  jud^  on  tlic  bench  could  possibly  help. 


1861.]  '  Society  of  Antiquaries  of  London.  147 

Neither  the  Crown  nor  society  treated  him  as  a  guilty  man.  A  senes  of  public 
acts,  in  which  the  King  and  Privy  Council  concurred,  attested  the  belief  in  his 
substantial  innocence.  By  separate  and  solemn  acts  he  was  freed  from  the 
Tower;  his  great  line  was  remitted;  he  was  allowed  to  reside  in  London;  he 
was  summoned  to  take  his  seat  in  the  House  of  Lords.  Society  reversed  his 
sentence  even  more  rapidly  than  the  Crown.  When  the  figlit  was  over,  and  Lord 
St.  Albans  was  politically  a  fallen  man,  no  contemporary  who  had  any  knowledge 
of  affiurs  ever  dreamt  of  treating  him  as  a  convicted  rogue.  Tlie  wise  and  noble 
loved  him  and  courted  him  more  in  Ids  adversity  than  they  had  done  in  his  days 
of  grandeur.  No  one  presumed  that  he  had  lost  his  virtue  because  he  had  lost 
his  place.  The  ascetic  John  Seldcn  worshipped  him  as  the  first  of  men.  The 
more  genial  Ben  Jonson  expressed,  in  speaking  of  him  after  he  was  dead,  the 
opinion  of  all  good  scholars  and  all  honest  men.  "  My  conceit  of  liis  person,"  said 
Ben,  "  was  never  increased  towards  him  by  his  place  or  honours ;  but  I  have  and 
do  reverence  him  for  the  greatness  that  was  only  proper  to  himself,  in  tliat  he 
seemed  to  me  ever  by  his  work  one  of  the  greatest  of  men  and  most  worthy  of 
admiration  that  hath  been  in  many  ages.  In  his  adversity  T  ever  prayed  that  God 
would  give  him  strengtli,  for  greatness  lie  could  not  want.  Neither  could  I  con- 
dole in  a  word  or  syllable  for  him,  as  knowing  no  accident  could  do  harm  to 
virtue,  but  rather  help  to  make  it  manifest."  Tliat  the  King  and  the  Privy 
Council  judged  and  felt  as  the  scholar  and  the  poet  judged  and  felt,  was  shewn 
by  the  restoration  of  all  his  rights  and  dignities  so  far  as  these  were  com- 
patible with  the  safety  of  Ijady  Buckingham's  cre^itures,  and  the  undisturbed 
enjoyment  by  her  lover  of  the  Seals.  That  such  was  also  the  reading  of 
these  transactions  by  the  most  eminent  of  foreign  ministers  and  travellers  we 
know.  The  French  Marquis  D'Effiat,  the  Spanish  Conde  de  Gondomar,  ex- 
pressed for  him  in  his  fallen  fortunes  the  most  delicate  affection,  the  most 
exalted  veneration.  That  the  Judges  on  the  bench,  that  the  Members  of  both 
Houses  of  Parliament,  even  those  who,  at  Buckingham's  bidding,  had  passed 
against  him  tliat  abominable  sentence,  concurred  with  the  most  eminent  of  their 
contemporaries,  native  and  alien,  in  treating  his  plea  as  hypothetical  and  formal, 
is  apparent  in  the  failure  of  every  attempt  made  to  induce  them  to  disturb  his 
judicial  decisions.  "Never  any  decree  made  by  him,"  says  llushworth,  "was 
reversed  as  unjust."  These  efforts  failed,  because  there  w^as  no  injustice  to 
overthrow,  because  there  had  been  no  corruption  on  tlie  bench.  Thus,  it  would 
appear  fifom  the  concurring  testimony  of  contemporary  facts,  contemporary  events, 
and  contemporary  opinion,  that  Lord  Bacon  was  hypothctically,  not  actually, 
guilty  of  corruption.  By  this  inference  from  contemporary  facts,  events  and 
opinions,  his  Submission  is  reconcilable  with  his  Protest,  his  Protest  with  his 
Submission.  When  he  pleaded  guilty  before  the  House  of  Peers,  he  spoke 
officially  and  technically ;  he  spoke  the  permanent  and  personal  truth  when  he 
said  to  the  world, — "  I  thank  God  I  liavc  clean  hands  and  a  clean  heart  I" 

June  6.  William  Tite,  Esq.,  M.P.,  V.-P„  in  the  chair. 

The  Society  opened  this  evening  an  exhibition  of  very  choice  illuminated 
munuscripts.  K. K.Holmes,' Esq.,  F.S. A.,  communicated  on  the  occasion 
some  remarks  on  the  history  of  the  art  of  Illumination. 

The  exhibition  comprising  but  few  specimens  of  the  very  earliest  MSS.,  Mr. 
Holmes  was  obliged  to  pass  over  that  piui;  of  his  subject  very  cursorily,  his  wish 


148  Amiifmeriam  and  Literary  hdettigeneer.  [Aug. 

V<;'-^?  \r,  ciZ  «}^t»I  ftr;««^>on  to  tbe  cpecimens  exhibited.  From  tbe  BjxaotiiiBy 
Ujeref :  7t,  iie  lanevi  :o  :&e  InsL  auuiiifcrifU,  to  vhich  is  dae  tLe  origin  of  an  inde- 
py"  >ri  kL>:;L  rexLtf£Ahle  for  the  iniricale  interlac Jig  of  the  om^hmeatation,  vhich 
>fr.  HoLSvK  btlJeTed  u>  be  ptftlr  due  to  the  preralence  in  Irr'and  of  renr  beautiful 
z^uftl-T'jnL  An  Iiis}:  ir.tf.tisrfrrlpt  of  much  later  date  than  those  to  vhich  Mr. 
H'j-lzitt  i*fciy»^d,  bu  exLibi-inr  the  same  stvle  of  ornamentation,  vas  exhibited 
fan-  Mr.  The.  In  England  and  on  the  Continent  the  Irish  school  bore  fruit  in  the 
£h*i:.Ti§  -Ihuii&a  Ky/iL,"  and  in  the  manuscripts  of  the  Carloringian  period. 
Tiis  zJ^^^c«  lasted  fcir  about  three  centuries — the  serenth,  eighth,  and  ninth— 
ac^  vas  illTi£Tra2«d  in  a  Book  of  Gospels  exhibited  by  Mr.  R.  S.  Holford,  M.P. 
A  urv  scbry-A  arose  in  the  nrelfth  centurr,  with  the  introduction  of  foliage,  exhi- 
briii^  in  :ts  arrangeaien:  a  peculiarlT  architectural  character.  To  this  school  also 
Mr.  Holnts  gave  a  d^aration  of  three  centunes.  A  lectionarr,  exhibited  br  Mr. 
Tj«,  iJusTraied  tLIs  period.  The  thirteenth  and  tvo  folloving  centuries  were 
characuriz^  bj  the  study  of  foliage  firom  nature.  The  thirteenth  vas  designated 
by  Mr.  Holmes  as  the  centuiy  of  the  bud,  the  fourteenth  that  of  the  leaf,  and 
the  fifUBcmih  thai  of  the  flover.  As  an  example  of  thirteenth-centurr  vork, 
Mr.  Holmes  called  attention  to  an  Apocalypse  exhibited  by  his  Grace  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury ;  of  the  fourteenth  century  specimens  were  exhibited  by 
Mr.  Fuller  Ru^^sell,' Mr.  Stephen  Ram,  Mr.  Holf(wd,  Mr  Boone,  Mr.Ruskin, 
and  Mr.  Beresford  Hope ;  of  the  fifteenth  century  a  beautiful  example  vas  ex- 
hibited by  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Newcastle,  beUeTcd  to  be  by  the  same  hand 
a*  the  celebrated  Bedford  Missal ;  also  three  specimens  from  Mr.  Titers  collection. 
Tljese  manuscripts  vere  believed  to  be  entirely  of  French  vork.  The  change 
vhich  came  about  at  this  period  vas  attributed  by  Mr.  Holmes  to  the  influence  of 
the  realistic  school  founded  by  the  Van  Eycks  at  the  close  of  the  fourteenth  cen- 
tury. After  these  remarks  on  the  Irish,  French,  English,  and  German  schools, 
Mr.  Holmes  passed  to  the  consideration  of  that  of  Italy,  vhich  he  regarded  as  a 
totally  distinct  school,  the  innovations  made  upon  the  Byzantine  models  in  the 
more  vestem  nations  having  exercised  very  little  influence  on  Italian  art.  As 
examples  of  this  school  in  the  fourteenth  and  early  fifteenth  centuries,  Mr.  Holmes 
referred  to  some  exhibited  by  Mr.  Beresford  Hope ;  others  erf  the  fifteenth  vere 
contributed  by  Mr.  Layard,  Mr.  Whitehead,  Mr.  J.  C.  Robinson,  Mr.  Fuller 
Russell,  Lady  East  lake,  ^Ir.  Ram,  and  Mr.  Tite.  Passing  on  from  the  fifteenth 
to  the  sixteenth  century,  and  from  Girolamo  de  Libri  to  Giulio  Clovio,  Mr.  Holmes 
called  attention  to  the  magnificent  example  of  the  last-named  artist  knovn  as  the 
Tovnley  3klissal,  and  exhibited  by  Mr.  Charles  Tovnley,  F.S.A.  The  leaf  shewn  that 
evening  vas  that  of  the  Last  Judgment,  which  is  considered  the  best  of  the  ten  in 
Mr.  Townley's  possession,  and  he  also  referred  to  a  grand  initial  letter  by  the  same 
artist,  exhibited  by  the  gracious  permission  of  Her  Majesty  the  Queen,  patron  of 
the  Society.  On  approaching  more  modem  times,  Mr.  Holmes  adverted  to  a  patent 
of  nobility  exhibited  by  the  Duke  of  Newcastle,  and  to  a  diploma  of  the  CMer  of 
Herminaliilda  granted  to  Lord  Beresford,  for  which  the  Society  was  indebted  to 
Mr. Beresford  Hope.  A  "Life  of  Lord  Beresford"  was  also  exhibited,  some 
pages  of  which  were  illuminated  by  Lady  Mildred  Hope.  With  some  general  re- 
marks classifying  in  an  original  manner  the  styles  of  the  various  periods,  Mr. 
Holmes  concluded  a  paper  which  elicited  general  applause. 

He  was  followed  by  the  Vice-President  in  the  chair,  vho  pointed  oat 
the  confusion  generally  existing  as  to  the  nature  of  the  contents  of  such 
illuminated  works,  the  general  notioa  being  that  they  are  all  misaala, 


1661.] 


Society  qf  Antiquaries  of  London* 


149 


wberc&B,  besides  tlie  canon  of  the  Mass,  they  in  fact  comprise  books  of 

[  boars,  breviaries,  psalters,  and  other  offices  and  portions  of  Scripture,     He 

[  tben  entered  into  some  illustrative  details  of  the  contents  of  some  of  those 

exhibited.     After  other  remarks,  and  inviting  attention  to  an  Armenian 

manuscript  from  his  own  collection,  he  called  upon  Mr.  Raskin  to  favour 

the  meeting  with  some  observations   upon  the  art  of  illumination.     Mr, 

Kuskin  accepted  this  invitation,  and  proceeded  to  trace  the  gradual  de« 

velopment  of  the  art,  both  in  colour  and  in  form,  down  to  the  period  when, 

in   Mr.  Ruskin's   opinion,   the    art   of  illumination  abandoned  its    proper 

function,  nnd  by  the  application  of  shading  effected  the  final  decay  of  what 

'  Imd  constituted  its  essential  principles  and  glory  in  the  thirteenth  century, 

,  After  some  remarks  on  the  more  noteworthy  olijects  eithibited,  Mr,  Ruskia 

concluded  a  very  interesting  and  characteristic  address. 

June  18,  The  MARQUEas  of  Bris^tol,  V.-P.,  id  the  chair. 
The  exhibition  of  MSS.,  which  had  remfiined  open  during  the  week,  and 
bad  attracted  a  great  concotirse  of  visitors,  was  resumed  this  evening,  in 
consequence  of  some  valuable  additions  which  had  been  made  by  the 
liberality  of  Mr,  Tite  and  of  other  contributors,  among  whom  we  may  par- 
ticularly mention  Lady  Londonderry, 

The  BraECTOtt  entered  into  some  particulars  respecting  these  contri- 
butions, leaving  it  to  ^Ir.  Tite  to  submit  to  the  meeting  any  particulars 
of  interest  respecting  those  from  bis  own  valuable  collection.  Tc  this 
appeal  Mr.  Tite  lesponded*  by  pohiting  out  the  manner  in  which  these 
fresh  contributions  on  bis  part  bridged  over,  as  it  w*ere,  the  gulf  betw*een 
illuminated  manuscripts  and  the  art  of  printing.  Mr.  Tite  is  the  fortunate 
i  possessor  of  two  early  printed  books  on  vellum,  a  treasure  of  which  not 
many  public  institutions  can  boast,  Mr,  Tite  is  also  the  possessor  of 
a  faithful  transcript  (date  fifteenth  century)  of  the  famous  Liber  Hrf/alii 
at  Westminster,  Mr.  Tite  was  followed  by  Mr.  Schnrf,  who  brought  out 
of  the  treasure-house  of  his  artistic  lore  Kome  very  valuable  criticism  on 
the  more  noteworthy  illuminations  exhibited,  as  regards  artistic  merit  and 
technical  execution.  And  t!ms  was  closed  one  of  the  most  eventful  exhi- 
bitions which  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  has  ever  had  within  its  walls. 
We  bail  with  pleasure  these  signs  of  quickened  vigour  and  energy,  and 
we  trust  the  President  and  Council  may  be  encouraged  to  go  on  in  the 
'^ath  which  has  this  year  been  opened  out  with  such  brilliant  success. 

June  20.  (Adjourned  meeting.)  Octavitts  Morgan,  E^q.,  M.P.,  Y.*?., 
to  the  chair. 

A tJotrsTUS  Cooper,  R«q.,  exhibited,  Ihrough  Hans  Claude  Hamilton,  Esq.* 
F.8.A.,  some  antiquities,  a  s^al  and  some  coins.  &c,,  recently  found  in 
Threadneedle-street. 

The  Eahl  of  Cawdor  exhibited  a  British  urn  found  along  with  the  bone 
implements  already  mentioned.     8ee  p.  142. 


.-^r   >q: ;^_ 


,M^ 


gffiiP'^-'- 


IlO  AntiqnarlaH  and  LUeran/  Tntvliif/encer.  [A*^- 

J.  Wi:?Ti.  r.  E*q..  exl.iiital  a  portion  cf  bronze  plate,  stated  to  be  of 
Greek  wtrknirir-shiji.  repre>t:.t:nj  Heracles  slayiig  llippolytey  Queen 
of  the  Ar/.azcr.?. 

J.  G.  VrAM.rr..  E^q..  c\i.!''!teii  a  pji'lmpst*!  brass  from  All  Hallows 
Pi.-rkir^.  ccn-:-t:n3  cf  fi-:i-.r'S  -f  a  k:.:.::.:  and  a  l.icy.  It  was  to  the 
r:.en:ory  of  a  n.cii.ber  of  t:.e  fitir.  '.y  .-f  Thyr.:..-.  Ti.e  revirse  of  tbe  knight's 
fijure  exhi'vit.d  part  cf  t:>.-  li^ure  of  a  i.;.!y:  !:.ht  of  the  laily.  part  of 
a  p::e?t  hw:.;::.g  a  L;:..l:ce.  L::h  Ic'.t.: .j  :.«  iLe  c'c*e  of  the  fifteenth 
c-  r.t.rv. 

The"  Dowi-.Ts  LvTv  11  iviv,  0;rvv:v.  M^:...in-.  E-i .  M.P.,  His 
G.TiCe  ti.e  PrKr  or  HAMiii-y,  :vni  .T"HN"  V^'Ti.b.  E?q.,  trx:.i'!  ited  a  series 
cf  covered  cup«,  silver-^!'.:  ai.d  wojJ,  of  very  car.oas  *hape,  probably  of 
::.e  f-fieenth  Ler.tury.  The  ^^..l^e  may  p-T*:;:-ps  i.-e  described  as  that  of 
t-.To  ver)'  flat  and  r.lbed  frberjiis  >u;.c-rp  s^  d.  «i*h  a  handle  attached. 

The  DvKZ  OF  Hvi::LTX  a'.so  ex:.i':::ed  a  sliver- gilt  salt,  inscribed 
A.:.  t:a>-a.  f.  I'.^l.  aii.i  a  :^zz.\  of  li.e  ?  .:.e  n.at.riai,  and  in  the  shipe 
of  an  eijTht-pct.^'.ed  d.wcr,  iL*c:ibed  iian-  HiiNhi-.n  x'lyoi  waed  dlss 
iLvrH>  10  JO. 

Me.  Mor.r,A>-  a'.so  exl.ilited  a  pewter  p'ate  cf  :he  middle  of  the  seven- 
teenih  century,  bearing  ti.e  ar:;.*  cf  Mvrj-.-.n  cf  Tredejar.  impaled  wiih 
t::ose  of  Moriran  cf  I'drrw :  a  pi  .:.e!..r:w:n  of  N-ren;berg  or  Aug-sburg 
work,  ^date  \oA*)  ci '.\ti  >'.'  adapted  i\r  ::.e  n::s:  ccnn-licated  movements, 
and  probably  the  ear'.i-.st  iiw\\:  ^  i  lar.ctjriuni  new  :n  existence,  and. 
what  is  more,  in  perfect  working:  crdcr;  also  a  nriniature  clock  in  form 
of  a  square  tower.  s-r:i.cu:.:ed  by  a  dor.-.e.  en  wr.i.h  sLinds  the  figure  of 
a  boy  playing:  on  a  lute:  the  hc:^:;t  c:  the  cock  withe ut  the  dome  was 
only  one  inch  ar.d  th'.cc-rurr.ters.  The  Case  was  cf  si.ver-gilt;  the  works 
of  steel.  It  goes  twelve  :.c.;:rs.  st:ikes.  Ai.d  h:  <  cr.  .il-runi.  Mr.  Morgan 
believed  it  lo  le  oi  Gem:an  wcrk.  ar.d  tlicei  its  d:^te  about  the  year  1600. 
h  was  the  smallest  star.dir.j  clock  he  1  ad  ev^r  met  with. 

Epwakp  Fr.AO.XK.  Ejq..  F.S  A.,  cxi.i:  itcd  tw  »  p*r.:t. ^graphs  of  a  fresco 
cMscovtred  i:.  the  p.-.r;sh  oh-:r:i  .f  K.rt.r*.:::-L::.d>. y.  doling  s.»me  repairs 
made  in  ISoO,     This  exi.i.  itl.v.  w.is  .tcc::r.p..:v!-d  witn  remarks. 

GeoroF  SciTAKF.  E^q..  !'.!>. A.,  ii^l  fcir.e  reniarks  on  a  copy  of  a  por- 
tr.iit  cf  Prince  Arthur;  a  sub'cct  on  wi.ich  Mr.  Scharf  read  a  most 
:ntcre*:inj  p.ipor  at  the  bcgUwir.i:  of  the  present  } e.%r.  The  remarks  laid 
l-tfcre  the  S.cicty  thistvcni..^  were  :r.tc :.d^d  as  a  sequel  to  that  paper, 
s.nd  as  ccnvcy  r^:  thr  results  cf  yet  f^rti.tr  re>e%rchvs  in  the  same  direc- 
t  -n.  T  e  copy  ex::  :.tc.'.  .v^s  :\r.-::irly  iu  ::.e  pcssession  of  Horace  Wal- 
p^le,  ar.d  was  r.cw  l.-.:i  '.cf.re  t:.e  S>::it\  bv  the  kiud  pe:missiwn  of  the 
E^iilcf  DerSy.  X.t;. 

Tre  lUv.  E.  E.  E>::  : :.:.  I'.S.A..  ccrr.tr.uT.lcAted  a  deed  of  Joan  de 
I>eAu:h*n-jp.  fr:  p.  v-  H-:..  V..  .-  -wl.i.h  the  I'ircctor  read  soaae  remarks. 

CiLikLES  W^iLSi.   Erq  .   E.S.A.,  c.  inmuniciteii  a  paper  on  the  dis- 


1861.] 


ArcluBological  Institute. 


151 


eovery  of  eome  Roman  remains  on  Kings  tone  Down,  near  Bere-Eegis,  in 
the  coanty  of  Dorset ;  and  their  identification  with  the  station  of  Ibemio 
on  the  Icknield-street,  thus  removing,  as  it  was  stated,  some  discrepancies 
in  the  twelfth  and  fifteenth  Itinera  of  Antonine. 

The  meetings  of  the  Society  were  then  adjourned  till  November. 


THE  OXFORD  ARCHITECTURAL  AND  HISTORICAL  SOCIETY. 

June  25.    At  a  special  meeting  of  the  Committee,  the  following  address 
to  the  authorities  of  Merton  College  was  agreed  upon  : — 


"Tlie  Committee  of  the  Oxford  Arclii- 
tectnral  and  Historical  Society  have  heard 
with  regret  that  in  the  pn^posed  altera- 
tions in  Merton  Colle^^e  it  is  intended  to 
pull  down  seyeral  of  the  old  buildings, 
especially  the  old  Library  of  the  College, 
— in  other  words,  the  only  portions  re- 
maiiiing  of  the  College  as  it  stood  in  the 
foarteenth  century,  excepting  of  course 
the  Chapel. 

"  The  Committee  (in  the  name  of  the 
Sodety)  hope  that  they  are  not  overstep- 
ping the  bounds  of  propriety  in  address- 
ing the  Warden  and  Fellows  of  Merton 
College,  and  pohiting  out  the  great  archi- 
tectural, and  more  especially  historical 
value,  belonging  to  the  buildings  in  qi^es- 
tion.  Nor  is  it  only  a  local  value  which 
is  attached  to  them,  for  it  may  be  observed 
that  they  are  the  only  remain*  oi'  any 
collegiate  buildings  of  go  earlif  a  date  as 


the  fourteenth  century  existing  in  the  whole 
qf  Europe. 

"  It  is  with  every  sense  of  the  difficul- 
ties which  no  doubt  the  Warden  and  Fel- 
lows would  have  to  encounter  in  carrying 
out  their  arrangements  without  destroying 
tliese  venerable  remains,  that  the  Com- 
mittce  address  the  College ;  and  they  are 
also  fully  aware  of  the  absence  of  any 
right  in  a  public  Society  to  intrude 
upon  the  deliberations  of  a  private  corpo- 
ration :  still,  as  a  Society  for  the  promo- 
tion of  the  Study  of  Architecture  and 
History,  and  one  of  their  chief  objects 
being  to  promote  a  proper  cure  and  regard 
for  the  monumt-nts  of  past  ages,  they  trust 
they  may  be  permitted  to  express  a  hope 
tl  at  some  arrangement  may  be  made  by 
which  these  interesting  buildings  may  be 
preserved." 


ARCH^OLOGICAL  INSTITUTE. 


July  5.  Lord  Talbot  de  Malahide, 
President,  in  the  chair. 

In  opening  the  proceedings  of  this,  the 
concluding  meeting  of  the  session,  previ<  lus 
to  the  annmd  congress  to  bo  held  at  Peter- 
borough, the  noble  President  alluded  to 
the  very  gratifying  liberality  with  which 
the  succesuve  exhibitions  recently  formed 
by  the  Institute  liad  been  encouraged, 
more  especially  by  the  Duke  of  Marl- 
borough and  other  contributors  to  the 
remarkable  display  of  gems,  to  which 
since  the  last  meeting  so  valuable  an  ad- 
dition had  been  made  through  the  gracious 
condescension  of  Her  Majesty  and  the 
IMnce  Consort,  Patron  of  the  Institute. 
The  entire  collection  of  cameos  and  precious 
examples  of  glyptic  art  £rom  Windsor 


Castle,  more  than  two  hundred  in  number, 
had  been  entrusted  to  the  Society  for  ex- 
hibition. 

The  first  communication  was  read  by 
Mr.  C.  S.  Greiives,  Q.C.,  who  adverted  to 
the  interesting  researches  of  Mr.  Frank 
Calvert  in  the  Troad,  of  which  the  results 
liad  been  made  known  to  the  Institute 
during  the  previous  year,  and  published 
in  the  Jonrnal  of  the  Society.  The  at- 
tention of  that  able  archasologist,  and  of 
his  brother  (Her  Majesty's  Consul  at  the 
Dardanelles),  had  been  specially  directed 
to  the  investigation  of  the  site  of  Troy 
and  careful  researches  had  been  made  to 
discover  the  springs  described  by  Homer 
— one  warm  and  the  other  coW— adjacent 
tp  the  city,  being  the  sources  of  the  Sea* 


i:.; 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligeneer. 


[Aug. 


Tiiaiidor.  whore  tn  peaoctul  times  the  Trojan 
iu«:«lii»  h^\  been  aeciutomed  to  wuh 
their  ::.ir:uent.*.  The?»e  *j^rii^r»  appear  to 
l..i\o  Utti  -iatisrVtorilv  ulcntxded  by  the 
n"H:irvlu#  xi  tlii?  Cn»ul.  who  described 
thfiu,  ill  a  Icttir  aJdrfc*«o-.i  t.»  Mr.  Greaves 
».<  ^iiuateii  in  a  umrvh.  near  au  ancleut 
.«:*e  on  a  hii'..  which  cicely  aniwen  to  the 
liiji'ripTuni  of  Troy  a#  luilc  aii«Hi  a  tpar 
of  Moiiiit  Ma  ail  vane:  n^r  into  the  plain. 
Mr.  I'alvert  prt>ii;is«d  ;r.s»re  preeise aciXMints 
of  hi«  fu!tht  r  inve>::pi:;.m  of  the  U«eality, 
whieh  a'lji»ir.<  d  :.\t\\\  in  hi*  owti  occupation 
at  a  pluv  %\\\\k\\  Ak'.chihoni.  The  dif- 
fercnvv  of  tvUiiKTiture  Wtwivn  the  two 
-iprinpi  was  avert ained  to  Ik?  U*"'  accord- 
inc  to  Uinuuiur.  or  2*2 i^  Fahreiilieit. 
A  remurkaMe  c»^ine;di':»ce  wi;h  tl:e  descrip- 
t'ou  ::iven  h\  Homer  m\\'  Iv  traced. 

SiiTiior  i'a*ttl!ani.  ot'  Ko.ue,  who  hail 
hn^iiirhi  for  in^invtion  a  Uniutiful  series 
of  (xuniples  of  ilio  ^^»'lvUmith*»  art,  illua- 
tnitive  of  the  (CyUs  of  workmanship  pre- 
valent in  Vltruria,  Kome,  and  !•  recce,  then 
pave  a  ditk-ourse  on  the  art  of  jowelleiy 
anu>n<;  the  ancients,  and  v^i  their  )HVuliar 
])nK*os»eft  of  executioM,  now  in  jrreat  p;irt 
lust.  He  traced  the  pn>j:ri'S!»ive  reline- 
loents  in  taste  and  skill  in  artistic  mani- 
pulation, of  which  examples,  unetjualled 
by  any  of  the  ^>ld<>mith*s  work  nnder  the 
influence  of  all  the  advanta^e^  of  our  civi- 
lization, have  been  regained  from  the 
ccrijeteries  of  Greece  and  of  Ktniria.  In 
tlic  imhny  days  of  imperial  Rome  the  art 
declined,  until,  on  the  fall  of  tho  empire, 
the  material  funned  the  only  value  of  the 
ornament.  Si^nor  Caiitclliini  proceeded 
to  ]M/int  out  the  influence  of  the  transfer 
of  ilio  wilt  of  empire  to  Hyzantinm,  the 
aflinixt.ure  of  Anib  art,  the  introduction  of 
fnamclN,  ^miH,  and  coarRc  cluHingR,  with 
nn  rxuhcniiirn  of  Imrharic  luxury.  He 
allndrd  to  thejewfller}'  of  tho  Goths  and 
liMuilianU,  <>xcmpliflcd  by  the  Gothic 
crownH  found  at  ToUmIo,  now  at  the  Hotel 
«h*  <  'hiny ;  ami  Im  pivc  a  ftketch  of  the 
pntKiTHK  of  the  art  during  medieval 
tiiiicN,  until  itM  gmit  nivival  through  the 
Ki'iiiii*  of  rinigiicrra,  CaraduwK),  and  Cel- 
lini. l''nHii  that  ]K'riod  it  Inid  again  de- 
eUnml.  Signor  (*aiitellani  concluded  with 
nil  lulcniitiiig  nArrativo  of  eflforta  recently 
0 


madiB  at  Rome  to  tchiere  its  revivml,  and  to 
detect  the  procewea  by  which  tho  anekafei 
worked  with  to  much  beanty  of  ezeeatioo. 
The  rich  fpecimens  diaphiyed  before  the 
meeting  shewed  the  great  skill  alnady 
attained  in  reproducing  works  whidi  may 
bear  comparison  with  the  rdics  of  the 
chuioeit  ckss  of  Etmscan  art. 

Mr.  Edward  Richardson  then  gave  some 
account  of  monumental  portnitnres  of  a 
peculiar  chis8»  chiefly  found  in  Derbyshire 
and  in  Staffordshire,  being  engimTed  slabi 
of  alabastf r,  with  figures  aooompanied  by 
architectural  and  heraldic  arcosioriet,  Ac, 
of  which  be  exhibited  a  fine  example,  ex- 
isting at  Tettenhall,  being  the  memorial 
of  Richard,  son  of  Sir  Walter  Wrottesky, 
gm-emor  of  Cahiis  in  the  reign  of  Henry 
YIII. 

An  interesting  note  by  the  Astronomer 
Royal  was  read,  in  which,  after  alluding 
to  the  remarkable  undertaking  of  the  Em- 
peror of  the  French  to  compile  a  memoir 
illustrative  of  the  campaigns  of  Julius 
Ca'sar  in  liaul,  he  described  his  own  m- 
vestigation  of  the  scene  of  the  memorable 
winter  march  across  the  Cerennes,  so 
graphically  described  in  the  Commentaries 
of  CoMar.  Professor  Airy's  elucidation  of 
the  localities  in  question  was  replete  with 
interesting  details.  A  short  account  wss 
givi-n,  describing  the  operations  recently 
carried  out  by  command  of  the  Emperor 
of  the  French  to  trace  the  vestiges  of  the 
works  at  Alise,  (Dept  of  the  C6te  d'Or,) 
and  Ca»ar's  campaign  against  Verein- 
getorix.  The  excavations*  which  have 
recently  been  visited  by  His  Miyesty,  ap- 
pear, accorduig  to  the  description  given 
by  M.  dc  Saulcy,  one  of  the  Honorarf 
Correspondents  of  the  Archaolo^cal  In- 
stitute, to  have  satisfactorily  established 
the  position  of  the  ancient  Alesia. 

Mr.  Albert  Way  read  a  notice  of  a 
further  discovery  of  votive  crowns  and 
rich  ornaments  near  Toledo ;  they  are  of 
the  Gothic  ag*>,  and  bear  the  names  of 
Suinlila,  Luoetius,  and  the  Abbot  Tbeo- 
dotiius.  One  of  the  crowns,  very  richly 
jewelled,  and  enriched  with  elaborate 
pierced  work,  has  the  lecord  of  its  votive 
appropriation  by  one  of  the  Gothic  kings, 
in  pendent  letters  fonning  a  fringe  around 


n-l 


Eecle$iofog'eal  Society, 


158 


Ifei  Um«r  DiAfipchl,  sntl  wliitfa  irat  be  thiH 
ftsiV-^nrritf iiA  msx  ofperbt.  To  vm^ 
littMr  «x«  upended  pr«c1oos  gvm  and 
1M<iwlt.  SnSntila  mm  abcted  king  of  the 
Ip'Uigrothi  in  Spain  in  621,  And  died  in  635. 
A  jswclled  crou  of  ^re«t  besaty  was  mis- 
ptnded  withtn  tlae  orown^  Thii»  vritbtbe 
'  lieli  ominneiiU  of  whkh  repfrennta- 
were  exbibited,  hB«  reoentlj  been 
bf  Ibc  Queen  of  Spnin;  they 
WOTS  dJrintored  at  Gimrraxar,  nt  the  tame 
fpoi  when  tba  eoll«ction  of  crowns  and 
Ttitivii  enmm  now  to  bt  tern  at  Pttni,  at 
I4m»  Uotid  de  Cluny,  were  fonnd.  Mr. 
Way  eUifd  womm  carioiui  detaili  relating 
Id  the  diaoovery,  at  oomamnicated  by 
M.  du  SommGrard,  keeper  of  ibo  colleo- 
lienft  in  Puris,  and  by  Mr.  Decimuj*  Burton. 
A  collection  of  antiquities  froai  Pesba- 
WW,  rcMtitly  rccetved  from  Major  Hast* 
Itifei^  ItJL.i  wai  exhibited,  in  which  a  strong 
InfliMiica  of  Grvok  art  may  be  &een,  dcmbt* 

ROYAL  INSTITUTE  OF 

4uf^  10.  A  eonvertMuuun«i  was  biild  at 
Uia  XvLium  of  tbid  limtltiitef  t'onduit-streeK 

In  addition  to  an  exteniivG  coIK'ction  of 
CTchit^tural  dmwiugs,  the  principal  ob- 
jects exhibited  were  Mr.  Folkencr's  Si- 
calu-Uorwi|Ua  and  other  metal -work,  nnd 
bis  iUoslnittons  of  life  in  Punipeii ;  Mr. 
Leyard^s  manuscripts  of  frescoea;  photo- 
fwaphs  til  the  work  at  the  Sooth  Keostng- 
Vin  Attueatii  *,  oasea  of  MSS.  belonging  to 
Mr.  *liX^  MJ', ;  drawings  by  Flaxman, 
VriAMitf^  mid  A*  W.  Pugin;  Mr.  Owen 
J»)»r«*  origiDHl  dcdgnt  to  *'  Paradise  and 
Ibit  Port;"  Sir  K.  E.  Scott's  Ltmogea 
aoaiaelsj  Mr.  VVebb'«  collection  ^  aculp- 
Imrvd  ivory;  a  bead  in  flre«co  by  Gnido, 
•mI  a  Madonna  and  cliild  in  luarblu  by 
Pottatalbx  Tbe  Anitsbarg  clock  and  foor 
fiiissa  of  diiiia  wirre  knt  by  M^r  Mi^|esty, 


IfiM  to  bi  tmetd  to  the  ncttoMble  oeea- 
pttiofi  of  th«  co4iiitry— tb«  iaod«ni  AIT* 
gbanistaii — by  Alocander.  A  brotise  sta> 
tne  of  Baeehni^  several  fragments  of  terra> 
eotta^and  other  relics  found  in  that  locB]ity« 
present  striking  evidence  of  Greek  art. 

Several  spcjinieni  of  Oriental  armour, 
richly  inhiid  with  gold  and  damascened* 
were  exbibited  by  Ur<  W.  J.  Bemhard 
Smith ;  also  a  mirror  with  a  very  eIabo» 
rately  ocnbroidered  frame^  decorated  with 
portraits  of  Charles  I,  and  Henrietta 
Maria,  by  Mr.  Nelson. 

It  was  announced  that  the  meeting  at 
Peterborough  will  ctimmence  on  July  29w 
Her  Miijecty  and  tbe  Prince  Consort  bad 
been  gradonaly  pleased  to  enricli  the  ex- 
tensive aeries  of  portraits  of  Mary  Stuart 
collected  for  exhibition  on  this  occsision* 
and  in  which  apveral  valanble  painting* 
from  Windsor  and  Hampton  Conrt  will  be 
displayed. 

BRITISH  ARCHITECTS, 

and  a  seriea  of  arms  was  coutribnted  by 
the  Secretary  ot'  Stote  fur  India.  Beside 
these,  treasures  of  art  were  contributed 
from  the  collections  of  the  Marquis  d' Aio- 
gliii.  Lord  Lansdowne^  Barou  Rothschild* 
Sir  J.  Hippisley,  Messn.  Morant,  Adding- 
ton,  and  Bereifofd  Hope,  (including  the 
famous  ivory  croaier  and  the  brass  lectern 
exhibit4!d  at  Manebeater.)  as  well  as  others 
by  Me»sr«.  Bobn,  Barker,  Farrer,  Franks, 
W.  L  Donaldson,  Cooket  K.A..  Henderson, 
Haminrd*  H.  T.  Hope,  Cocken^ll,  Street, 
Smirkep  Ruskin,  kjc,,  &c.  The  company  was 
auuieroua,  and  lochided  Lords  De  Mauley, 
Henuiker,  and  Wensleydale^  the  Bishop 
of  Lincoln,  Sir  F.  E.  Bcott,  Mr.  Baring, 
Mr.  BotOeJd,  and  le^^eral  other  M.P.% 
Mr.  Beresford  Mope,  and  many  literaiy 
and  ariistie  celebrities. 


ECCLB8I0L0GICAL  SOCIETY. 


Jum»  13.  A  eommltteo  meeting  was 
behl  at  Arklow^bouae,  preparatory  to  the 
annttal  miretingj  at  which  the  Report  to 
bo  preictited  was  dkcusiied.  Present, — A. 
J.  DL  Bvrcaford  Hope,  Esc^^  President,  in 
th«  chair  ;  £.  Akroyd.  EB4.,  J.  D.  Cbam- 
QHT.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXL 


bers,  Esq.,  F.  H.  Dickimon,  Esq  ,  the  Bev. 
S.  S,  Oreathced,  the  Rev.  T.  Hehiiore,  the 
Rev.  H.  L,  Jemier,  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Neale, 
T.  Gambier  Parry,  Esq.,  the  Rt-v.  J.  H. 
Sperling,  R>  E.  E.  Warburton,  E^q.,  and 
the  Itef .  B.  VVtbb. 


134  Ai^ifmmrmm  mmi  IMawrg  HidB§mter,  [Aag. 


«wf  li  flout  ^vmC  qnnPiiitBf  I 

fHDPid  5ir  tJift  EaumKBoaal  gyfhTwBwa  4^ 

^iA«nrfc^^«ft*«i£4fiskftLflfiie^  Mr.Shtor  ■<<  tfceCi  ■■"fni  i.  ■ 

Imranwicrr  Soocsr ,  *  £na>-  fcibificd  hii  ii«'f  fer  Ac  anr  ii 

M  ftr  3tL  Ptwgt  Ochttfcal, to  b*  h  ■gwrf  iiidlii  far  lichfcM  Cuhi*il; 

if  Xr.  ftiiOef ,    1h«  eMi  ra  ^vn«CMd  alSK-okfe  rco  k   n^iii  w 

Iqp  :iu  Cmbbsbsk;  «4  a  ipMm  »&-  GtfbdnCi ;  far  the  raBaHOm  «r  J 

flBrpcSoa  far  c&w  fv?na»  ww  Vipn  bf  fard   Cbrehw    WftAcre; 

now    if  ?h«    ^cnsUflMK    trshec    TW  ■Aoaii  t  EiAi  Bfrlnm.  : 

f^naikns,  Xr.  lAekadMO,  1&  Wsoartaa,  Tbe 

■hL  thft   Bi!t:  Bl  fr«ao  «h«  w^^-muA  Cfaricc^t  iiiif  far  i 

•  wb^<fWMuct<«  far  »5an^^  die  — ntr  Bodfaigtoa;  aa 

wftiidwiikmafschurft.  the  ascrior  o€  1 

It  WW  aSn  ignM^  to  nehorae  tke  far  IVnt  de  GaOrt  C<?1a^ 

Saemiryto— ktiyyffw(tr«,«6Aay<rf^  Tbcr  afao  cmraai  Mr.  Sstaa's  de- 

tbft  dudiecj,  far  a  apoca  tvcntj-ltre  fact  avM    far   bcv  ckBR&0   at    CWivoo'1, 

•fqarc  n  dk*  lattnuCMMl  ExiifbcSk»  af  S«neliAir^  a»I  BisvAjbl  SorfaBc ;  far 

1M2, 4B  til*  oadanCMdv  tiac  the  Prt-  achapriof^ar  at  Bin  i  fart Irigfc,  Pew- 

Afcwif  waMiutiMk  tfattt  aH  tike  space  Mot  ikire;  far  tkei«tantiaB«rAlkrCharth, 

waotai    by    tike    Eeri<flb..ir3c-:cal    Sodetj  Sooenct^ixre.  aad  Kiltoa  Clortk,  Scner- 

ritovU  be  awie  aae  «f  by  toe  Ardutce-  attikiffe;  far    bcv   aebooli   at    Kanrth* 

tnal  MmBom,    It  wm  ii«:2cat«d  tL*t  the  BadiunBae,  and  at  WoshaB-lodgc;  Sor- 

faiMtal  vorfced  by  inai  Bteeowe  far  i3T  ley;  aad  for  Bew  fiiniftfa  at  Magor, 

CadMdnlibiKUb«exbfbctflL  MoanaatkAirv,  and  SberUd^»-Lo4dao, 

Tbft  ananal  report  of  the  Sooetr  wai  Hampdizre.     Tber    abo    rraaifd     bia 

flbcft  raHi  mi  apprwed,  vitb  adiCtiaM;  drawio^  far  a  nev  altar  ai  Sc  Jokn*%, 

■■i  the  report  «f  the  ■db»oani»utee  far  FwlfaiftaB,  and  a  pcnpKtrre  viev  of  a 

■■■e  w  ja  ttv  apppjved.  propoaed  nrv  eharch  ai  Bcthaailcry  near 

Mr.  White  oKt  the  Connttce,  and  cs-  BriftisL 
hibiScd    bia   desgw   far  lotnratioBi  of 

Mcvfaad  Charch,  Gloacntcfshire ;  Tor-  Jne  13L    T^  fiutj  bmomI  aaairar- 

I  Cbarch,  DeioMhln;  Beamtiiater  wmrr  BMCtlF?  vaa  held  ia  the  gaDerf  of 

Stackfeigh  PbBcroy  the' Azchhcrtural  rnkm  Socictr.  A.  J.  B. 

Charch,  Devoarinre;  aad  af  the aanetoary  Bexesfokd  Hon;  Eaq^  ia  the  chair, 

af  Modbary  Charch,   Deronihire;  for  a  The  report  waa  read,  which  gave  a aatia- 

forA  far  Soath  Bemflcct  Charch,  Eaex;  factcrr  anooat  of  the  progicM  of  the 


to    Little  WolrtoD     priaciplea  far  the  aappoet  of  whk^  the 
Char^BaekiL;  fartherertoratioBoftha     Socictr  had  beca  embodied.    Soaae  fittle 


^  at  DvtiBgtoti,  I>rroiHhxre ;  ^aroaioQ  anve  aa  to  one  or  ta 

Oriag;  Backa^  aad  Chace-  partiealarir  aboot  the  dertnietioii  of  the 

water,  Comvall;  aad  for  aew  paraonage-  crrpt  at  Safiva  Waking  hot  altiaiately 

b  I  ■!>!  at Staahoe, Norfolk  ;Khted, Saner,  the  lepoet  aat  adopted  witSoot  alteration, 

aad  MikoBh*,  Qsfordihire.  The  report  of  the  Mancal  Soh^Comauttee 

Mr.  Bodky  BKt  the Coounittee,  and  ex-  wat  abo  adopted;  after  wluch  die  Trea- 

hibcted  baa  dcfigna  for  the  new  cfavrefa  of  nrer  read  the  aai£t«d  baJancc-ibeet,  from 

£t.  Martfn  on  the  ffiTI,  Scai borough;  and  which  it  appeared  that  when  the  accoonte 

far  a  new  Bianm-chsrcfa,  at  I>dliL  were  made  Qp»  a  babnee  waa  doe  to  the 

Mr.  W.  M.  Fawcett,  &A^  of  Jeans  T^eaniw  of  £12  15a.  Sd.,  whidi,  however. 

College^  Camfavidga.  met  the  Coaamittce,  had  afaeadv  been  taiwd  by  the  receipt  of 

the   wchiteetval   pba^  aabacriplioiM  leccatly. 


1861.] 


Ethnological  Society. 


159 


The  President  iaid  the  next  buainesi 
the  election  of  m  oomioittce  of  buCj 
with  power  to  add  to  their  number.  Tbo 
boQie-titt  oomprifted  the  Damea  of  the 
Eev.  W,  Scott,  the  Rev.  S.  S.  Clreatheed, 
the  Rev.  B.  Webb,  the  Rev.  H.  L,  Jenner. 
the  K«v.  T.  Hehnore,  and  the  R«v.  F.  H. 
Dickinson.  Theftt*  geiitk*m«n  liavlng  Iveeo 
nnantuiously  elected,  A.  8.  Eddis,  E»q*, 
and  the  Rev.  J.  Q.  Y^oting  wero  elected 
anditorv  for  the  year  ensuing. 

The  great  bugiaesa  of  the  evening  wos 
a  very  intereeting  diaciis»ton  on  *'  the  de- 
atrtietive  character  of  modern  French 
chnrch  rc«toratton/*  in  which  the  Presi- 
dent, Mr.  J.  H.  Parker,  Messrs.  Rusk  in, 
Street,  Scott,  Rev.  J.  M.  Neale,  Rt;^.  IL 
Webb,  and  otliere,  took  part,  but  wbich 
we  Are  obliged,  by  the  preisure  of  other 
report  By  to  poaiponc. 


Immediately  after  the  anmverrary  meet- 
ing,  a  comnuttee  meeting  was  held,  wbeu 
the  following  membcra  of  the  committee 
were  re<dectt"d: — K.  Akroyd,  Esq.,  Sir  C, 
AudcrBon,  Bart.,  J.  J.  Bevftn,  Esq.,  Lord  E* 
Cecil,  M.P.,  J,  D.  Chambers,  Eaq,  J.  W, 
Chu-k,  E«q.t  J.  S.  Forbe*,  Esq.,  J.  F.  France^ 
Esq.,  G.  J.  E.  Ckjrdon,  E*q.,  F,  8.  Goeliog^ 
Etf*!.,  Sir  J.  E.  Uarington,  Bart.,  the  Rev* 
G.  II.  Hodaon,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Jebb,  H.  L.  S, 
L«  Strange,  Esq.,  W.  C.  Luard,  Esq.,  the 
Hon.  F.  Lj'gon,  M.P.,  the  Itev,  J.  M.  Neale, 
T.  Gambier  Parry,  E*<|.,  the  Rev.  J,  H. 
Sperling,  J.  E.  Tulbot,  Esq.,  R.  E.  E.  War- 
barton,  Esq..  and  the  Rev.  G.  Williams. 

W.  Jf.  Fawcett,  Esq.,  li.A.,  of  Jeans 
Collfge,  Carabridgo,  was  electi'd  an  ordi- 
nary member}  and  tlie  former  ofBcers 
were  re-elected. 


!  BaJ 


ETHXOLOU  ICxVL  SOCIETY, 


Jfoy  1,  Jomf  CbawufeDj  Esq.,  Pre- 
t,  in  the  chair. 

Cupt^iin  Parkor  Snow  and  Charles  Rat- 
eliflc,  E»fj,,  were  elected  Fellows. 

Mr,  StAbbrtdge  read  a  paper  on  the 
Aborigines  af  Victoria,  Sonth  Australia. 
Ue  stilted  that  be  hud  spent  eighteen 
yean  among  thew,  and  had  therefore 
A  great  opportunity  of  narrowly  obgCTving 
thecn;  and  be  then  proceeded  to  give 
a  most  interesting  nccoant  of  their  h«bits 
and  cuf tomt,  axmI  of  the  isomewhat  curious 
system  of  m^'tholoiry  they  bad  established. 
They  are  not  nomadic,  but  each  tribe  has 
its  asBigiied  district,  in  which  it  strictly 
"emams,  nnless  invited  by  ncigbbotiring 
tribes  to  visil  thein.     The  appropriation 

hind  is  so  generally  recognised  that 
family  has  its  allotted  territory. 
Any  difficulty  that  might  arise  from  soch 
ID  amngemcnt,  when  people  dep^iid  for 
their  snb«Utence  oa  the  knd  whi^h  tbey 
do  not  cuItivBte,  is  obviated  by  the  hor- 
rible practice  of  infanticide  and  cannibal- 
utn;  they  kill  aod  ea^^tliQ  bodjes  of  ^me 
of  tbeir  children,  and  thipy.  pof^^ss  the 
notion  that  the  elder  son  by  eating  a 
large  portion  of  the  roasted  body  of  bis 
younger  brother  will  have  the  strength  of 
both.     The  anthor  most  distinctly  stated 


U^h« 

Hbch 
r  Aft* 


that  he  had  not  the  least  doubt  respecting 
this  custom,  hut  as  th^f  natives  know 
that  the  whites  hold  it  in  abhorrence, 
Ihey  take  care  to  conct.^  jt  as  much  as 
po^ible.  Though  gener|i|ljy  hospitable, 
the  author  did  not  consider  that  it  would 
he  advisable  or  safe  for  tvny  one  to  visit 
a  tribe  among  whom  he  is  not  ktiown. 
Their  religicms notieui  seem  to  bo  J(|indful 
und  complicated.  They  believe  that  the 
spirt ta  of  the  dead  hover  about  for,^me 
time,  and  ultinjately  depart  to  the  JfVt^t, 
Though  very  reckless  of  human  y»f(^thej^ 
have  great  fear  of  naturiil  deatlii,  wluc^ ,  ^ 
they  attribute  to  st^rcery,  and  they  ^-ou; 
sider  that  the  feet  of  the  dying  peraot) 
point  towards  the  spot  where  the  /^orcejei^ 
may  be  found;  the  relations  then  isipjj^i^ 
forth  in  that  direction,  and  kill  all  wbc?i||  ^ 
tbey  meet,  to  avenge  the  spirit  of"  ihoj 
departed.  Their  astronomy  is  eminent  Iy 
mythological;  tbey  have  names  for  ri& 
principal  stars  tmd  constellations,  (ii«jL 
attach  a  personal  history  to  en  eh.  Tl^- 
formation,  of  the  sun,  tbey  believe,  was 
Caused  by  li^nnching  an  emu's  egg  into 
dark  vacgous  spsce. 

In  the  discussion  w1;^*;1]l  folloi^ed  the 
reading  of  the  paper,  I)r»  Hiidgkln  re- 
marked that  it  was  nearly  twenty  yean 


156 


Atttiquarum  and  LUtranf  InteUigencer. 


[Aug. 


ago  that  Etbnologieal  Qoeriea  had  haen 
published  for  the  guidance  of  trarellen, 
among  which  the  knowledge  of  the  ttara 
poasened  by  wild  men  w»8  a  solgeci  set 
down  fat  obeerratioa.  What  they  had 
heard  that  night  wm,  howerer,  the  fint 
attempt  that  had  been  made  to  make 
known  to  at  what  nndnliied  men  knew 
of  the  heaTenly  bo^ea. 

Mr.  Luke  Burke  obaerred  that  a  know- 
ledge of  the  mythology  of  aavage  people 
IB  distant  lands  would  be  adding  a  link 
whereby  ancient  and  recent  traditiona 
might  be  connected  together.  Though 
we  could  not  now  aee  the  connection, 
it  might  be  detected  with  more  perfect 
knowledge  in  a  future  time,  and  a  flood  of 
fight  might  be  thus  thrown  upon  us  from 
a  source  that  had  not  been  anticipated. 

Mr.  Walker,  Captain  Parker  Snow, 
Mr.  Heywood,  and  the  President  made 
aome  obaerrations,  and  the  meeting  ad- 
joumed. 

Jfajr  14*  JoHir  Ckjlwftsd,  Esq.,  Pre- 
ndent,  in  the  chair. 

James  Wentworth  Bullcr,  Esq.,M.P., 
Capt.  Bichard  Burton,  William  Sharp, 
M.D ,  F.R.S.,  were  elected  Fellows,  and 
Charles  Darwin,  Esq.,  au  Honorary  Fel- 
knr. 

M.  Dtt  Ch-ullu  rpad  a  paper  on  the 
west  equatorial  tribes  of  Africa.  His  ob- 
serrations  extended  between  S*  north  and 
2*  south  of  the  equator,  and  to  a  distance 
of  400  miles  into  the  interior.  Within 
that  district  there  is  a  great  number  of 
Tarieties  of  tribes,  all  thinking  themselvea 
separate  naiions,  and  posaewing  diflerent 
names,  though  many  speak  the  same 
language.  Hie  cmintries  he  Tisited  do 
Dot  poaaeas  what  we  should  call  a  black 
negroi,  and  he  considers  that  those  negroes 
who  liTe  in  damp,  woody,  or  mountainous 
countries,  are  kas  bbdc  than  those  who 
five  where  a  dry  atmosphere  is  preralenU 
Amonc  aome  of  the  tribe*  he  found  some 
almost  looking  like  mulattos;  he  akm  saw 
aereral  albinos,  though  in  all  cases  the 
woolly  hair  and  negro  features  were  pre- 
dominant; andheaJaocQQsidefvdthat  the 
negro  found  nearest  the  aea^sboM  is  a 
darker  than  those  of  Uw  interior. 


Among  the  eannihal  tribes,  iha  aogav-IiMif 
head  and  receding  ibrehead  is  aahaiwterw 
btic  The  negroes  of  this  part  ava  Bot  of 
the  lowest  type.  Some  tribes  of  the  inte- 
rior south  of  the  equator  possea  a  loom, 
and  weave  palm-fibre  into  ekith.  T%a  aa* 
groes  possess  a  rery  imsginatire  mind, 
are  astute  speakers,  sharp  tradars»  graaft 
liars,  poa^easing  great  powen  of  diaaimola* 
tion,  and  hr  from  b^ng  in  many  reapaeta 
the  stupid  people  they  are  believed  to  ha» 
The  law  of  marriage  among  thaaa  negroes 
is  very  peculiar ;  there  are  no  Hood  mta^ 
riagea  ever  permitted  among  them ;  and 
the  result  is  that  hunchbacks  are  ahnosfe 
unknown,  and  there  are  no  blind*  lame, 
deaf,  or  dumb  to  be  fitund,  and  not  mon 
thiin  two  or  three  idioU;  nor  did  tha 
auth<»r  ever  see  any  cripples  Ihey  do 
not  use  sidt,  but  eat  oarrion  and  putrid 
food,  and  this  brings  on  elephnntiasis, 
leprosy,  and  other  diseaaes  of  the  akin. 
There  is  also  another  very  peculiar  dis- 
ease among  these  equatorial  Afirieani, 
oalleil  the  sleepy  disease,  Ibr  whidi  thagr 
seem  to  have  no  remedy.  Old  men  and 
women  are  seldom  met  with.  Their  ra« 
lig^os  notions  are  very  vague, — indeed,for 
the  word  '  God'  there  is  no  generic  term. 
Tliey  believe  in  good  and  evil  spirits,  and 
particularly  (bar  the  apirit  of  the  reeent 
dead,  and  think  of  it  aa  a  vindictive  thing 
that  must  be  conciliated.  All  the  tribaa 
believe  in  two  great  Spirita.  and  in  aoaao 
villages  houses  are  built  for  their  ooonp»* 
tion.  The  greatest  curse  of  these  trihct 
is  their  belief  in  witchcraft.  Polygamy 
is  pment  among  them,  and  davery  is  an 
institution  of  the  land.  The  ehildren 
of  slaves  are  fVee^  The  antbor  spoke  of 
some  of  the  tribes  as  horrible  eannihalei 
they  allow  very  few  to  attain  old  age,  hot 
kill  and  eat  them  generally  before  they 
get  old.  They  do  thia  because  they  think 
that  all  old  people  are  wilebea.  Tba 
author  stated  that  he  bad  disoovcrad 
a  chain  of  moontaina  running  nearly 
parallel  %o  the  equator,  and  he  enter* 
tallied  an  O|nnion,  fVxMn  an  examination  of 
the  charactcfs  of  the  languages  of  the 
tribes  north  and  south  of  that  mountain 
lunge,  that  they  originated  fimn  distinct 


1861.] 


Eihnohgieal  Society, 


157 


Burton,  Profeasor  Queckett,  Dr.  Coiiol1y» 
Conenl  UtLP»on,  Mr.  Bluyden,  (both 
»,)  Air.  llurke,  Dr.  Copland,  mud 
tb«  PrvoidciJl. 

Mr.  HuitOD  sUted  tbtt  tbe  •teepy  diA* 

tisft  irm  not  unooiiiuiion  Moong  tbe  natives 

ftha  Gold  Cuwt,  Ktid  be  bflllovod  tbat 

oolj  km>t«ii  n»iQi'dy  wm  duini^e  of 

The  meeting  then  ai\jourmKL 


Jmie  4.  Sows  CBAwytritD,  Esq.,  Pre. 
it,  iTi  th«  chair. 

£ir  G.  Uonbam*  K.C.B..  tbe  Hem.  k  R. 
Eeid,  and  Mr.  W.  Spottiawoodo,  M.A., 
F.K.S»,  w<rB  ck'cted  Fellows. 

A  paper  wiw  read  by  0,  Baik.  Esq,, 
F.R.S.«  tM.S.,  eiititleil  *'  Oitscrvations  on  a 
SysteniiUic  mode  of  Cr^inhjinetry/*  Mr* 
Buak  stated  thiit  the  iinuiediate  object  of 
tbe  proactit  papier  wa«  tu  endE^vuur  to 
afecertain  what  ualitatica  can  be  obtnini^ 
by  crontmnetricAl  iB«aBmreineiit  in  th« 
djfttingutshinf;  of  tbe  vuricticti  of  tUe  hu- 
man mce.  The  learned  gentUnimn  then 
proceedad  to  describe  t)ie  dU1ert.Mit  pecu- 
liaritiaa  of  fbrination  of  th«  craiuum  pecu- 
liar to  diETerent  niee«,  and  produced  aom^ 
skulU  from  viinous  \nvl§  of  the  world  as 
tirpbiiiitory  of  bis  meaning.  He  slattd 
ttukt  the  study  of  tba  craniiioj»  In  an  eth- 
nologieiil  tieiiae,  may  be  dated  from  Pro- 
fiiaor  Blumenbai^bi  and  tinc«  hh  day  from 
Pro^'ssnr  Hitxiuj*,  of  Stockholm,  who  was 
ibv  Anttodistiiigntsb  the  strongly  marked 
farieliea  uf  crania  by  the  terms  **  brnthy- 
oeplialic"  and  "  doli cephalic,*''  which  are 
now  in  getierat  une.  The  object  of  tbe 
prctent  paper,  then,  h  to  sliew  Low  fur 
munerical  iralucs  ihonld  be  employed  in 
plac-c  of  words,  hi  »f>eaking  of  the  propor- 
tions of  a  cranium  j  and  the  principle  Is  t^ 
ende»vour  to  contrive,  in  as  few  cxjlumns 
as  poastblo,  sncb  measurements  hs  may  be 
raadUy  tnade,  and  which  may  suffice  to 
•haw, — 

1,  Tb«  aixe  of  tlie  frontal,  parietal,  njid 
oocipit«l  rrgions  of  the  skulL 

ji,  Tbo  proportion!*  of  tite  skwU  ss  re- 
gaids  length,  bresulLh,  height,  4ot 

3.  The  degree  of  progn&thl^m,  and  of 
oooipitd  prtgection,  and^  by  inforunce*  the 
portion  of  the  foramen  mugnum. 


4.  By  comparison  of  measurement  of 

the  nasal  radiuR.  tbe  criinial  vertebral  aoLia 
of  Von  Baer,  and  the  maxillary  radius,  to 
arrive  at  some  notion  of  tbo  facial  angles 

The  author  sIdo  gave  an  interesting  ao- 
comit  of  a  method  of  making  delineations 
of  the  skeleton  of  the  bend  by  means  of 
the  camera  hicidn,  so  as  to  admit  of  direct 
comjuiri^nt  with  each  other;  and  he  said 
be  thought  that  thit  was  a  point  of  even 
more  importance  than  the  mesAiircraent. 

Tbe  Chairman,  Dr.  Knox,  Mr*  Burka, 
Mr.  Dnnn,  and  others  took  p«rt  In  tha 
di^asaion. 

A  piipur  WAS  afterwards  read  by  H.  H. 
Major,  E«q,»  F.S.A.,  on  **  Native  Anstra- 
linn  Traditioms/'  and  after  a  short  diacna« 
sion  on  this  paper  the  meeting  a(\joumed, 

June  18,  Joirif  C»4WFrTU>,  Esq.,  Pre- 
sident of  tbe  Society,  in  tbe  ohair, 

A  p«per  was  read  by  T.  J.  II nt-chinson, 
E-ij.,  I'^te  H.M/s  Uonaiil  at  Pemuiido  Fo, 
on  "  Stjuio  Dotiicstic  and  Social  CharJWS" 
tvristics  of  tbe  African  Tribes," 

The  unthor  stnted  that  Africa  is  popu* 
latcHi  by  irk>,fXX),()00  of  jieople,  cbieily 
Moots,  Arabs,  nnd  negroes ;  but  the  mu- 
ktto  element  is  prevalent,  partimibirly 
among  the  Filatahs.  The  ethnology  of 
these  iribt  s  is  very  doubtful ;  some  be- 
lieve them  to  be  a  mixture  of  Carthagi^ 
ninii  and  negro  blood,  others  Arabian  and 
nei<ro.  They  ho rt  ever  hold  an  impfirtant 
poaitinn  in  Africa,  and  eiiend  from  the 
Atluntic,  from  the  Senegal  and  Gambia 
rivers  on  the  we«t,  to  Borno  and  Mantkra 
on  the  caBf.  from  the  dt-s^rt  of  Zwhara  on 
the  north,  to  the  mountains  of  Kong  on 
the  south.  The  author  stated  that  he  had 
fbnnd  among  them  iron -headed  f peart 
9HdjiweUn*,  doubk  edged  gwordt,  kmimUt 
foUery^  and  other  th'nig->.  The^  tribot 
never  were  visited  by  a  white  man  prior  to 
the  expedition  to  tbo  Niger  of  l!i54,  t>erf- 
d  rm  has  many  grades,  and  is  nu  in^litution 
among  them.  A  man's  position  in  Africa 
is  eatimated  by  the  number  of  slaves  b^ 
pnttcmirn,  not  by  money  or  lands.  Thei^j  ia 
no  Ilteratnre  among  the  African  tril^es. 

Each  tribe  has  its  own  chief  or  king,  to 
whom  even  the  ju  ju  king,  or  high-prieat, 
ia  in  subjection,  though  the  hitter  holds  a 


168 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  InteUigeneer. 


[Aog. 


yery  important  poeition  as  ca&todian  of  the 
tatelary  deity,  as  well  as  the  dispeDser  of 
Buperstitioos  rites.  Each  locality  has  its 
specific  jo-jn,  or  tatelary  dei'y,  consisting 
of  hoa-constrictors,  the  ignana,  skulls, 
flowers,  trees,  stones,  &c. ;  no  prayers  are 
offered  np  to  these,  however,  hat  the  hoa- 
constrictor  and  the  ignana  are  held  in 
great  veneration.  All  toamen  in  Africa, 
he  they  daaghters  or  wives  of  kings,  chiefs, 
or  wealthy  traders,  are  hand  fide  slayss. 
Haman  sacrifice  is  an  established  instita- 
tion  among  the  western  coast  tribes,  whe- 
ther it  be  of  a  social,  saperstitioas,  a 
governmental,  or  a  reprisal  character.  The 
author  then  went  on  to  explain  the  appli- 
cation of  the  above  terms  to  the  custom  of 
sacrifices.  He  then  went  on  to  state  that 
whatever  species  of  death  is  inflicted  by  a 
murderer,  exactly  the  same  is  inflicted  on 
him  when  brought  to  capital  punishment. 
Ju-ju-ism,  or  fetishism,  where  it  pre- 
vails, is  the  basis  of  all  the  bratalities 
practised,  including  cannibalism.  In  Old 
Calabar  there  is  a  peculiar  order  or  insti- 
tution called  "  Egbo,"  to  which  the  king, 
the  chiefs,  and  freemen  belong,  and  it  in 
fiict  constitutes  the  ruling  power  of  the 
country,  as  the  Queen,  Lords,  and  Com- 
mons do  with  us.  There  are  eleven  grades 
of  it,  the  first  three  of  which  cannot  be 
attained  by  slaves.  No  death  of  a  king 
or  chief  takes  place  but  some  one  is  ac- 
cused of  witchcraft,  and  the  suspected  are 
condemned  to  go  through  the  ordeal  of 
the  afia,  or  poison  bean,  which  is  supposed 
to  kill  only  the  guilty.  The  women  among 
these  tribes  use  the  electric  fish  in  a  tub 


of  water  for  the  purpose  of  bathing  chil- 
dren afftcted  with  fits  or  colic  Then 
people  dress  their  hair  in  a  similar  way  to 
that  of  the  belles  aud  beaux  of  200  years 
ago.  Children  who  cut  their  upper  teeth 
before  their  lower  are  put  to  death,  as 
otherwise  it  is  thought  they  woold  bring 
the  tribes  into  trouble.  Twins  are  buried 
alive,  and  the  mother  cast  out  into  the 
bush  for  the  remainder  of  her  life.  lu 
Fernando  Po,  murderers  are  punished  by 
being  tied  to  their  victims,  and  left  in  the 
woods  to  starve.  The  author  stated  that 
he  had  only  within  the  last  two  years  be- 
come cognizant  of  cannibalbm  in  weetem 
Africa,  and  in  the  course  of  last  year 
was  personally  witness  to  a  sacrifice  for 
cannibalistic  purposes,  and  he  oonmdert 
that  although  some  few  of  these  natives 
have  manifested  intellectual  capacity  equal 
to  the  white  man,  still  the  generality, 
though  for  scores  of  years  mixing  with 
European  missionaries  and  traders,  ding 
as  much  to  their  ju-ju  fetishism  and  canni- 
balism as  they  did  many  years  ago. 

The  Chairman  took  part  in  the  discussion. 

A  second  paper,  by  Charles  Livingstone, 
Esq.,  on  the  Inhabitants  of  the  Batoka 
Country,  was  read;  and  Dr.  Knox,  Dr. 
Copland,  Dr.  Hodgkin,  Mr.  Consul  Han- 
son, the  Chairman,  and  others  took  part 
in  the  discussion,  and  the  Chairman  an- 
nounced that  the  next  meeting  would  take 
place  on  July  2,  when  a  paper  would  be  read 
by  Captain  Burton  on  M.  Du  Chaillu's  Ex- 
plorations and  Adventures  in  Equatorial 
Africa.    The  meeting  then  adjourned. 


NUMISMATIC  SOCIETY, 


June  20.  The  anmvenary  meeting,  when 
the  report  of  the  Council  was  read,  and 
the  following  ofiioers  elected  for  the  en- 
sning  year : — 
I^rendent.^W,  S.  W.Vaux,  Esq.,  M.A., 

F.S.A.,  F.R.A.S. 
Vice-Presidents.  —  J.    B.   Bergne,    Esq, 

F.S.A.;  Edward  Hawkins,  Esq.,  F.SJk., 

F.L.S. 
2Vta«tfr»r.— -George  H.  Virtue,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 
Secretaries. — John  Evans,   Esq.,   F.S.A., 
•  F.G.S.;  Fred.  W.  Madden,  Esq. 


Foreign  Secretary, — John  Tonge  Aker- 
man,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

Librarian, — John  Williams,  Esq.,  F.S.A. 

Members  of  the  Council. — S.  Birch,  Esq., 
F.S.A.;  W.Boyne,Esq,F.S.A.5  F.W. 
Fairholt,  Esq.,  F.S.A;  John  Lee,  Esq., 
LL.D.,  F.R.S. ;  Captain  Murcbison; 
Rev.  J.  B.  Nicholson,  D.D.,  F.S.A. ; 
Rev.  Assheton  Pownall,  M.A.;  J.  W. 
De  Sails,  Esq. ;  Hon.  J.  Leicester  War- 
ren, M JL. ;  R.  Whitboam,  Esq.,  F.S.A« 


1861.]     London  and  Middx.  and  Surrey  ArchtBol  Societies.      159 


LONDON  AND  MIDDLESEX  AND  SUEIIEY  AHCK.EOLOGICil. 

SOCIETIES. 


^une  Id.  AXFBED  Whiter  E6q.,KL,S,, 
in  the  chatr. 

Sir  Fraficii  Gralmm  Moon,  Bart.,  ei- 
hilitted  the  mace  of  Portsokcn  Ward.  Tlie 
tiDiop.  which  is  of  silver,  is  two  feet  in 
length,  and  snrmoiint^d  by  an  open  crown, 
gtlt,  andi*r  which  iire  the  royal  arms: 
1  und  I,  France  nnd  Englnnd,  qvmrterly ; 
8c«jiUi}d;   3,  Irehuid,  »iirroiinf1c<1   hy 

rter,  on  vltlier  side  of  whidi  are  the 

ttfT*  C»  R*  AlKwe  the  anni  is  thin  iti- 
•cnption,  In  a  Betnicircle,  **  M'.  V«lt»nMne 
Wflite,  Ff«ren(ian,  Portesoken  Ward,  1671." 

Round  the  Ijowl  are  enjfravttl  the 
folhiwing  inscriptions,  4c.,  in  four  oom- 
piirtmpnU: — 

1.  "  Portsottlcen  Ward,  Joseph  Butk- 
laghnni,  Foreman,  lGi)8  " 

2,  In  the  next  compartment  arc  t!io 
Oyal  armfl,  na  before  detmlwd,  with  the 

Tetifrs  W.  R,  The  f •llowlng  inscriptioTi 
htin  \wex\  recently  tidded :— "  Francis  Orii' 
Jiiim  Moun,  Esq.,  Aid"  18  H,  Lord  Mayt»r 
lR5t;  Wni",  Christie,  Esq^,  Deputy  ; 
M^  G.  Barker,  Foreman.  1853  4." 

8.  A  {ihicld  bearing  the  armi*  of  the 
city  of  Lomlon  it  cnirraved  in  thii  cotn- 
partmcntj  nbovc  whieli  if  ih's  inscription, 
"  Tilts  tniice  repaired  1779,*'  and  iRMicntb 
the  sbield  "  M^  Tho*.  Tucker  twice  Fore- 

tUOTI," 

4v  In  thii  compartment  the  royal  arms 
mw  again  represented,  with  the  lettem 
W,  R*  on  cither  side  of  the  shield,  and 
the  following  inscription  :  —  **  Thomni 
lohnton,  B*q^,  Aid".,  1838;  Geo*.  Wright, 
lleputy/* 

Tliomas  Morson,  K!«[.,  exhibited  an  ilhi* 
toinated  jjedigrce  (on  vellom)  *iO  feut  6 
inches  in  length,  which  appears  to  have 
h«cn  written  al>oat  the  niiilklle  of  the  fif- 
Ucnth  century.  At  the  coiomcncement 
of  the  roll  is  a  representation  of  Adam 
atul  Kre  in  Paradi»e*  standing  on  either 
t1d«  of  the  tree  of  knowledge,  round  which 
U  entwined  the  serpent.  The  initial  letters 
thronghont  the  petligrec  are  ilhuniniited, 
awl  the  VMrions  names  are  pluced  within 
[fed  and  blue  circles.  Th«  author  thus 
"ibes  the  pedigree : — "  Beg^^nnyng  at 


Adam  onreffrst  fader,  lynefilly  descendyng 
by  Japhet  the  sone  of  Noe  to  Brute  that 
WHS  fyrst  Kyng  in  thys  londe,  and  fro  hym 
to  Edwarle  the  fourtbe  Kyng  of  that 
name  after  the  Conqueat  of  Ene!ond." 

Tlie  names  of  Edwnrd  III.,  Henry  IV., 
Henry  V.,  and  Henry  VI.  at  the  end  of 
the  pedigree  are  placed  within  garters,  cm 
which  are  the  letters  H.  8.  Q.  m.  y.  P. 
(Honi  soit,  &c.)  The  notes  throughout 
the  roll  record  the  principal  events  in  the 
lives  of  the  viirious  kings,  <tc. 

Joiieph  Jackson  Howard,  F.S.A..  exhi- 
bited the  grant  of  arms  by  Lawrence 
Dnlton,  Norroy,  dnted  8th  December, 
third  year  of  Queen  Eli/aWth,  ( 15641,)  to 
Hobert  Robc»tlmtn,  of  Rn*kj*11,  In  the 
county  of  Yorit,  gentlonitin.  This  grant 
is  surruundinl  on  ttiree  sides  by  an  ilhi- 
ininated  border,  in  the  centre  of  which  is 
the  Tudor  rose,  Rurronnde.!  by  garter,  and 
surmounted  by  an  imper'ml  crown,  having 
on  either  sitlc  a  fleur-du-lis  and  portcullis, 
hot  h  cro >vn wl .  I  ri  t h e  i  ni  tiid  let t er  Norroy 
is  reprosenlcd  in  his  tabard »  holding  in  the 
right  hand  hia  wnud  of  offi*  e.  The  anna 
are  tlnis  described :—"  P*  ifesse  battelle 
counter  battelle  argnnt  and  sable  iij  Roo- 
bucks  cnnntreehaujiyd  :  on  thelnie  a  demye 
Tygre  uzure  gowtyd  (irg»^nt  hingyd  gowles. 
Abort  t  the  necke  a  crowne  golde,  set  on  a 
wreath  nrg<*nt  iind  ^  ^ble." 

Two  weals  art*  appended :  1st,  the  official 
seal  of  Norroy  j  and  2iid,  hia  private  seal, 
on  which  are  the  following  arms,  vi«., 
quurttrly  1  and  4,  Scmc^'e  <if  crosses  cross- 
let,  a  Hon  rampnnt  guardaot;  2  and  9, 
Barry  of  six,  in  chief  tliree  loxenges:  over 
nil  a  crescent  for  difference.  Crest,  a 
dragon's  besd  between  two  wings.  Le- 
gend, IL  .  flEBA  .  COME  .  DtEU  >  PLAIBA. 

The  Rev,  B.  H.  Cowper  made  some  ob- 
serve tions  on  fteverid  curious  seven tecnth- 
century  proclamations,  &c.,  which  he  ex- 
hibited. Among  them  were  the  follow- 
ing:— Proclamation  of  the  Lords  ngaiust 
the  Regicides,  dated  18th  May,  16H0; 
Proclamation  of  the  King  commanding 
all  Jesuits  and  Popish  prjests  to  depart 
thU  kingdom,  9lh  April,  1663,-    Lord** 


163 


Antiquarian  and  Littrary  TnUlUgenotr, 


[Attj. 


ProcUmation,  requiring  the  names  of  all 
who  tnay  come  and  ttay  in  London  and 
Westminater,  23rd  April,  1679]  the 
Qoakere*  Addren  to  the  King  and  both 
Honses  of  Parliament ;  and  the  tpoech  of 
William  Pens  on  preienting  the  abore. 

Mrs.  W.  P.  Beeoh  exhibited  a  rubbing 
from  the  stamped  leather  cover  of  an  old 
chair  at  ShrawArdine  Castle,  near  Shrews- 
bury. The  traction  ii  that  this  chair 
bebnged  to  Oliret  CromwelL  The  arms 
impressed  on  the  cover  are  *'  cheeky,"  the 
idiield  b«'ing  supported  by  two  wivems. 
Above  the  shield  ii  a  helmet  and  mant- 
ling, but  no  orest* 

William  H(*nry  Htaet,  Bsq^  F.SJl,«  ex- 
hibited n  rubbing  of  the  brass  of  Sir 
Richard  de  BusUngthorpe,  from  Bnsling- 


thorpe  Church,  Lincolnshire.  The  date 
Of  this  btftss  may  be  Assigned  to  ^e  «nd 
of  the  thirteenth  century. 

Mr.  Hurt  also  eiliiUited  and  made  tome 
remarks  on  an  indulgence  grated  by  Paol 
de  Caputgrassis.  of  Sulmona»  Archdeaoon 
of  Kavenna,  Doctor  of  Dtrcreei^  and  Nnneio 
of  the  Apostolical  See  in  the  year  1414^ 

to  Margaret^  wife  of  John ^  (the  name 

is  obliterated.)  The  seal  has  been  torn 
from  the  document. 

Charles  Baily,  Esq.,  exhibited  a  drawing, 
[by  Plial  Sandby,]  of  Waltham  CitM%  pre- 
vious to  its  restoration. 

Henry  W.  Sass,  Esq.,  exhibit^ed  several 
ipeeimena  of  German  glass  goblets,  the 
rims  gilt,  and  a  lion  rampant  engnved 
on  the  foot  of  each  glass. 


BERWICKSHIRE  NATURALISTS'  CLUB. 


[Wb  willingly  accede  to  the  request  of 
an  esteemed  oortopondent,  and  insert  the 
following  pleasant  account  of  a  day's  pro- 
ceedings of  a  Ix^y  that  is  not  so  well 
known  in  these  southem  parts  as  it  de- 
serves to  be.] 

A  FiXLD-DAY  AT  LiVHOPB. 

The  Berwickshire  Naturalists'  Club, 
which  has  been  in  prosperous  existence 
for  a  period  of  thirty  years,  modestly 
adding  its  quota  to  the  researches  of  the 
sdentiftc  world,  held  a  very  interesting 
meeting  on  the  27th  of  June,  at  the  Celtic 
town  of  Linhopoy  among  the  Cheviots, 

The  ground  chosen  for  the  scene  of  the 
operations  of  the  Club  is  pre-eminently 
historic  —  Berwickshire,  North  Northum- 
berland, and  the  Border.  Here  are  to  be 
found  traces  of  its  successive  inhabitants^ 
from  the  days  when  they  sheltered  in  dens 
and  caves  of  the  earth,  hunted  and  desti- 
tute, to  those  of  comparative  amalgama- 
tion, when  they  lived  in  camps»  leaving 
oaims^  sepulchral  remains,  eists^  and  wea- 
pons for  us  to  light  upon ;  and  thence  to 
Roman  times,  whereof  there  are  Roman 
oamps  and  roads ;  and  tl  ence  past  sugges- 
tions of  Saxon  handicraft  to  the  Norman 
period,  with  its  castles^  towers,  abbeys, 
churches;  and  again,  to  the  Edwardian 
ttmes^  with  its  more  consummately  studied 
ifitem  of  fortification  in  huger  castles, 
7 


peel-towers,  bastel- houses,  and  fortlets- 
Several  battles  have  been  fought  within 
its  boundaries — ^th^t  at  Berwick  in  1295, 
that  at  HaliJown  Hill  in  1833,  when  the 
Scots  lost  7  earis,  900  knights,  400 
esquires,  and  82,000  common  men;  and 
that  at  Flodden,  when  a  king  and  his  son, 
3  bishops,  4  abbots,  12  earls,  17  lords, 
400  knights,  and  17,000  others  were  shun. 
The  field  of  the  Club,  too^  embraces  Holy^ 
Island,  the  isle  of  ruins  and  legends,  if 
not  of  miracles.  The  progiess  of  the  Eng- 
lish Princess  Maigaret  to  Holyrood  has 
left  a  glittering  tnftil  across  the  chosen 
district,  that,  let  commerce  and  railways 
and  e'ectric  telegraphs  be  ever  so  destr ac- 
tive to  romance,  will  never  be  effaced. 
Picture  ^  the  briyge  end,  upon  the  gatt, 
war  many  children,  revested  of  surpelia, 
syngyug  melkdiously  hympnes,  and  play- 
ing on  instruments  of  many  scnrts,"  and 
when  "the  Queue  prepared  hyrselfe  to 
enter  the  towne  every  one  in  lyk  was,  in 
foyr  array,  and  ryche^,  after  the  manere 
acoetomed,  in  specUlle  th'  Erie  of  North- 
umberland ware  on  a  goodly  gowne  of 
liynsill  fourred  with  hermynes.  He  was 
mounted  upon  a  fayr  courser,  his  hamays 
of  goldsmyth  warke»  and  thorough  that 
sam  was  sawen  small  bells  that  maid  a  mel- 
lodyous  noyse  without  sparing  gambada^" 
we  not  see  them  all — the  bright 


Berwichhire  Naturalists'  Club, 


161 


Appingv^  the  glistening  of  iho   Inncei!), 

bti  devices,  banners,  »nd  penoona;  here 
a  knlgLt  **  varej  well  motinteti,  bjs  liorse 
richly  nppoyntedt  lua  baruaja  of  gold  in 
broileux,  bymselle  in  a  jacketie  betten  of 
goId»  II nd  in  a  cloke  of  parple  borded  of 
cloth  of  gold,"  riding  for  if  aid,  now  fulling 
Itack  into  his  place — now  a  halt— now  the 
prt;c00eiou  forming  agaioi  and  islowly  mov* 
ijig  away  into  the  far  aod  faint  distance  ? 
Bat  the  tnubjectH  which  have  claimed  the 
beat  attentiuns  of  the  Club  are  the  works 
of  nature,  tbo  contributions  on  natural 
history  luiving  taken  their  placea  among 
the  original  authorities  of  scientific  Itti-r- 
atore.  With  the  printcnl  Proceedings  of  the 
Club  iu  hand  we  can  vouch  for  the  enjoy- 
ment of  half- hours  as  pleasant  as  those 
spent  on  the  shore  or  among  the  hllU,  not 
the  leaat  interesting  being  tho^  passed  in 
the  perusal  of  Boird  on  the  aurora  borealia, 
Tate  on  porpoiAes,  Selby  on  waspH,  Hardy 
tm  mites  and  spiders,  and  Kmhleton  on 
craha.  The  geology  of  the  district— the 
limestone,  sane  stone,  and  basaltic  rocks 
and  coal— have  been  diligently  explored  by 
one  of  the  secreUiries  of  the  Club,  and 
manj  %  cabinet  in  the  south,  in  public  and 
prtirate  mnfenina,  has  been  enriched  with 
new  and  vsUmble  fossils,  thus  acquired  in 
the  limestone  quarries  at  Lowick,  and  on 
tlie  crags  of  Kyloe  and  elsewhere.  Mr. 
Halph  Carr,  J. P.,  has  presided  over  the 
pn^'servHtion  of  Northnntbrian  names,  and 
has  clueidateil  the  grammfltica  ceiticaf 
Mr.  ScIby,  of  Twisell,  atands  at  the  bead 
ornithological  scholars;  and  Liiimt'iis 
found  many  dtiiciplcs,  among  wtiom 
IN  founder  of  the  Club,  the  l»te  Dr. 
^tUtOmm  of  Berwick,  was  foremost.  En- 
totuidngy  is  rcpre^ntcd  by  erudite  papers 
on  **  the  pUytivoroiis  hnbits  of  6orae  carm- 
vorouN  beetles,"  bj  Mr.  Hardy  of  Pon- 
manshiels,  and  on  such  other  of  onr  insect 
Ciint«mj»orarie4  a*  posAt»*i>.  natucs  longer 
4lian  Ihfly  are  theinawjlvos,— Achcruntia 
(Death's  -  bead  moth)  Locusta 
^iigratoria,  commented  on  by  It.  C.  £m- 
bleton«  Se<?retary,  to  wit. 

One  division  of  the  party  which  set  out 
for  Linhope  on  Thursday  morning  iii- 
dudeil  the  Rev.  Dixon  Clarki*,  of  Bel- 
fold;  the  lU*v.  W.  iHurnell,  Bamhoroughj 

Qjuit,  Mag  Voi.  CCXL 


the  Rev.  F.  Simpson.  North  Sunderland ; 
Rev.  P.  G.  Mc  Dona  11,  Kirk  Newton  ;  Mr. 
Middlcton  Daml,  Hauxleyj  Mr.  F.  K. 
Wilson,  architect,  Alnwick  j  and  Mr.  Geo. 
Tate,  F.O.8.,  Secretary.  Passing  the  vil- 
lage choreh  of  Bolton,  before  the  altar  of 
which  Surrey  and  his  companion  knights 
knelt  on  the  eve  of  the  battle  of  Flodden, 
vowing  to  conquer  or  die,  and  the  liold 
where  they  encampi>d,  still  called  "  the 
Quards,*'  they  arrived  at  Powbnm,  where 
they  found  Ralph  Cerr,  Esq.,  of  Hedgeley, 
the  ex- president  of  the  club,  and  parly, 
including  the  President,  David  Mtlne 
Home,  Ksq,|  the  Rev.  S.  Fylor,  Corn- 
hill;  the  Rev.  J.  S.  Green,  Wooler;  Mr. 
Boyd ;  Rev.  G.  Rooke,  Kmhleton.  Here 
breakfast  was  partaken  of,  and  the  meet- 
ing constituted.  After  the  Secretary  had 
read  the  minuter  of  the  last  field- day, 
which  was  spent  at  Kelso,  under  the  most 
favourable  auspices,  on  the  30th  of  May, 
the  meeting  started  for  Linhope — some  of 
the  memben  in  brakefi,  others  a  eheval. 
Ai  the  procession  wound  up  the  valley  of 
the  Rreanii»ih,  jiasslng  by  the  way  the  old 
cliurch  and  new  manse  at  logram,  Mr. 
Ralph  Can*  delivered  interesting  exposi- 
tjona  of  the  ancient  "terraces"  on  the 
bilk,  and  other  local  marks  of  antiquity, 
with  which,  from  a  long  reaidunce  at 
Hedgiloy,  he  is  so  fiimiUnr.  Arrived  at 
Hartsicle  the  party  dismounted,  as  the 
road  to  Linhope  here  becomes  inacccasihle 
to  light  spring  vehicles;  atid  here  they 
met  witli  a  further  accessiou  of  membeis 
from  different  directions— Tbe  Vcnerabl© 
Archdejicon  of  Lindisfarne,  Rev.  Geo. 
Hans  Hamilton,  of  Berwick ;  Rev.  C* 
Thorp,  Ellinghum  ;  Rev.  W.  Cooley,  Ik>ck ; 
Rev,  J.  Dunn,  Wark worth;  Mr.  J.  C. 
L^mglaudrt,  Old  Bewick ;  Rev.  W.  Green* 
well,  Drirham;  Mr,  Coxc>  Bodleian  Li- 
brary; Capt.  Coxe;  Mr.  McLauchlan^ 
the  Sur^'eyor  of  the  Roman  Wall  and  Bri* 
tish  camps.  At  Linhope  the  members 
found  Mr.  Coulson,  who  for  some  weeks 
previously  had  had  a  jiarty  of  hibonrcrs 
carefully  exploring  the  remains  of  the 
Ctltic  town  and  encampment  under  his 
supervision,  by  the  direction  of  the  oM* 
ctftls  of  the  club.  As  the  explorationa 
were  not  complete,  it  would  bo  premature 


162 


Aniiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Aug. 


to  make  farther  nention  of  them,  e«pe- 
cbllj  fts  one  of  the  terreUries  will  dnw 
np  a  full  report  of  all  that  ha»  been  dif- 
corered  at  the  eoncloBon  of  the  exhama- 
tiooft.  Soffice  it  to  aay  that  the  whole 
partT  foond  much  to  intereft  and  to 
ponder  orer  in  the  examination  of  relics 
of  fo  distant  an  age,  enhanced  as  thej  are 
br  the  adjuncts  of  wild  and  romantic 
icenerr.  An  alfresco  dinner,  sent  up 
from  Powbom,  was  set  out  in  the  midst 
of  this  old  -  world  scene,  under  a  tent 
obli^ngly  furnished  by  Mr.  Colville,  the 
farmer;  the  presidtrnt.  D.  Milne  Home, 
Esq^  well  known  scientiticallT,  especiallT 
in  connection  with  Scotiuh  meteorol<^gT, 


presiding.  Thejoomerbomeandtoerery- 
day  life,  leaving  the  hills  and  heath  and 
palmy  ferns  to  the  shadows  of  mght,  was 
a  realization  of  poor  Storey,  the  Northum- 
brian poet*8  regret : — 
•*  Look  rousd  om  thi*  vorld— it  if  nr«ct,  it  is  (kin 
Tbrrr  i*  liffht  in  xti»  dcy.  thm  i«  lif e  in  iu  air ; 
SublimitT  brrathe*  from  the  fi^rmf  of  its  hills. 
And  beau:r  wisd>  on  wi:h  iu  liTere  and  rills ; 
The  d<-w.  w  vith   diunood*,  its  meads  hath 

be»prmt; 
From  it*  (ttotc*  arc  a  thoiuand  wild  mflodifs 

fcnt ; 
Wh'lc  flower?  of  each  tint  are  br  monuBg  faa- 

pearlM  : 
O !  why  is  there  woe  in  w  lorelr  a  worid!" 
F.  R.  WILB05. 
ArchUtct,  Almtnck. 


KILKEyXT  AXD  SOUTH-EAST  OF  IRELAND  AECH^C 


LOGICAL 

Jm^y  10.  The  Rev.  JoHif  Saul  in  the 
chair. 

Mrs.  Madden,  of  Hilton -house,  Scots- 
bouse,  Clones,  and  sereral  other  new 
members,  were  elected. 

J.  T.  Gilbert,  Esq.,  M.R.T..V^  Libxvian 
of  the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  was  elected 
HonoraiT  Secretary  for  the  Dublin  dis- 
trict. 

The  Secretary  reported  that  the  form- 
ataoQ  of  the  "  niastrauon  Fund*'  baring 
been  Curly  succeKfuL  MTeral  engravings 
were  in  hand  for  the  illustration  of  the 
fofthcoming  number  of  the  Journal. 

AmoQ^  other  donations  to  the  library 
and  mnseom  were  presented  by  Mr. 
Prim,  sereral  antiquities  recently  dis- 
cofcred  in  trenching  the  small  rath 
lying  Kmtb  of  the  great  rath  of  DunM. 
wlucfa  forms  lo  conspicnoos  an  object 
horn  the  Watcrfoni  and  Kilkenny  rul- 
way.  Ha  nid  that  the  Museum  con- 
tained a  large  and  TalnaMe  collection  of 
■miUr  ohjem  disco«-efvd  in  the  Dunbel 
groop  of  raibs,  which  be  ha«l  preri- 
omIt  ^cacribed  in  detail  in  the  Society's 
TransactiouL  The  articles  which  he  now 
broogbt  under  notice  were,  with  one  ex- 
ccptaoo,  of  tke  aame  general  character. 
Tbe  esceptiotis  consisted  of  portions  of  a 
lavge  bronae  fibok,  ao  far  as  he  was  awai« 
^uqoe  in  its  character.  The  peculiar  f<Mi- 
roK  fivm  tke  poftioD  of  the  ring 


SOCIETY. 

which  was  extant  being  formed  of  sheet 
bronze,  bent  into  a  hollow  pipe,  not  aol- 
dered«  but  the  edges  brought  together 
with  the  most  beautifully  accurate  joint. 
This  tulte  was  apparently  one  of  five  nmi- 
lar  segments,  which  being  riveted  together 
at  the  ends,  would  form  the  ring  of  the 
fibula,  BX  inches  in  diameter.  Tbe  acos 
bad  a  very  massive  head,  with  rude  annu- 
lar ornaments,  the  portion  ronaining  being 
fo'ir  inches  long,  and  baring  apparently 
lost  about  four  inches  of  the  point. 

This  unique  fibula  excited  much  interest 
among  the  members  present,  and  it  was 
rKk^lvcd  that  it  shiuld  be  engraved  for 
the  S.Viety's  Journal. 

The  Rev.  James  Graves  presented  a 
bronze  tag  of  a  book-stnp,  which  had  alao 
been  found  in  one  of  the  Dunbel  ratfas. 
This  object  terminated  in  a  dragon's  head, 
and  was  ornamented  with  the  interlaced 
pattern  so  common  on  ancient  Irish  crosKS 
and  manuscripts. 

Mr.  Laurence  O'Brien,  of  Mnllinahone» 
sent  for  exhibition,  through  Mr.  John 
Dunne,  liarryricken,  a  small  flat  stone, 
having  on  one  ude  a  mould  for  casting  a 
rude  crucifix,  and  a  round  olject,  resem- 
bling the  revene  of  ancient  silver  coins, 
with  a  cross  in  the  field  and  a  number  of 
short  strokes  to  repneient  tbe  legend.  On 
the  other  side  of  the  stone  was  a  mould 
for  casting  a  similar  loand  otgcct,  of  larger 


186L]        Midland  Counties  ArcJuBoh^ical  Association. 


163 


— gimi 


^  me  wa»  dug  up  ruiiitlst  the  <//• 

<^illtai€ieiit  building  nt  Mulltuahone, 
Btid  to  have  been  formerly  a  prcct'ptory 
of  the  Knights  of  SU  JohOi  and  hence, 
Mr.  Dunne  suggested,  the  derivutiou  of 
MulHnahone  —  muillioa  naoin  Eoin^  te. 
the  mill  of  St.  John,  aa,  nccordiug  to  trn- 
ditiaxi,  a  miU  which  had  belonged  to  the 
ppeoeptory  ftood  oloee  hy. 

Tti«  Ber*  James  Graves  laiil  before  the 
tneetiug  some  documents  connected  vrith 
the  aucieut  but  much  decayed  charitable 
institution  situated  in  Rose-Inn-itreet, 
in  Kilkenny,  and  known  as  the  O'Shee 
Almshouse.  I'hey  consisted  of  copies  of 
the  roysl  charter  of  found  at  iou,  dutod 
Nov.  7,  6t1i  James  L,  uud  the  rules  fur 
the  government  of  the  iDstitutiou^  of  the 
,e  date. 


The  other  papers  brought  forward 
were : — 

"The  Displanting  of  Kilkenny  by  Au- 
thority of  the  Commonwejilth,  in  1654;, " 
hy  John  P,  Prendergiist,  Esq^.,  Barxister- 
at-law, — a  contribution  of  much  local  in- 
terest; "On  ancient  Tobacco-pipes,*'  by 
Thomas  J.  Teniflon,  Esq*,  Fortiieliigan ; 
**0n  the  Ordnance  Collections  for  the 
History  of  the  County  of  Longford," 
(being  the  completion  of  a  series  of  simi- 
lar pajjers  for  the  Province  of  Lfinstcr,) 
by  the  Uev,  John  OHaubiti,  llC.C*, 
Dublin  ;  and  "  On  the  Derivntion  of  some 
Irish  Topograph itad  Names,"  by  Edward 
Benn,  Esc). 

The  meetiug  adjourned  to  the  flrst 
Wednesdav  in  October. 


MTDLAXD  COUNTIES  ARCH^OLOGICAL  ASSOCIATION. 


Jvne  19,  This  Society  made  an  eitcur- 
aion  from  Binuinghuin  to  Stratford -on- 
Avon,  on  a  visit  to  the  house  and  tomb  of 
Shakespeare,  and  for  on  examination  of  the 
reintirkable  portrait  recently  discovered  iti 
the  gallery  of  Mr.  W.  0.  Hunt.  The  spot 
first  visited  was  Shakes^Hsare's  birthplace, 
which,  by  the  kindncn  of  the  committee 
entrusted  with  its  management,  was  re- 
ierred  for  special  inspection.  After  ex- 
amining the  house  and  tracing  out  with 
painful  labour  the  famous  names  fmntly 
disoemible  among  the  thousnnd  signa- 
tores  that  deface  the  waUs  and  ceiling  of 
Sbakespeare*d  natal  chamber,  the  party  as- 
Msmblcd  in  the  garden  to  hear  from  Mr. 
Samuel  Hmmlns  a  sketch  of  the  history 
of  the  memorable  bouse,  and  the  changes 
in  its  appearance  brought  about  by  the 
care  of  the  Birthplace  Committee,  ander 
the  direction  of  Mr.  C.  H.  Bracebridge. 
The  bouse  baa  been  carefully  restored, 
accofdmg  to  satisfactory  authorities,  and 
now  presents  much  the  same  appeanmoe 
it  bore  nearly  three  hundred  year*  ago 
ftt  the  poet's  birth.  All  traces  of  the 
Imtcher's  shop  arc  effaced,  and  excepting 
in  one  or  two  internal  arrangements  which 
•re  iQ  process  of  removal,  there  is  no  trace 
of  the  dugradation  Imposed  upon  the  house 
hj  aget  of  neglect  and  hard  usage.    The 


recent  purchase  of  laud  has  enabled  the 
trustees  to  lay  out  at  the  rear  of  the 
houiMJ  a  spacious  garden,  which  already 
contains  a  scion  of  the  mulberry -tree 
planted  by  8bakespeare*s  own  baud,  and  iti 
which  it  is  proposed  to  collect  specimens 
of  ©very  shrub  and  flower  mentioned  in 
his  works.  Within  the  ontlosare  have 
been  placed  the  sculptured  base  of  the  old 
market -cross  of  Stratford,  and  some  frag- 
nieuts  of  stone  from  New-place,  Shake- 
speare's house  in  the  days  of  his  proeperity, 
butof  which— thauka  to  the  churlish,  uxe- 
crable  Oastrell — not  one  stone  now  reuiaius 
upon  another.  From  ^hnkci^peare's  house 
the  excursionists  went  to  the  Towu-ball» 
where  they  examined  Gainsborough's  ad- 
mirable portrait  of  Garrick,  and  other 
pictures  belonging  to  the  coq>oration,  in- 
cluding a  remarkable  pair  of  the  town- 
crier  of  Stratford  aud  bis  wife ;  the  lady, 
on  canvas  at  least,  being  dccidiidly  ttio 
more  important  of  the  two.  In  the  halt 
were  also  exhibited  the  very  curious  and 
copuHU  records  of  the  corporation,  and  the 
handsome  maces  which  brip  to  mnintain 
the  dignity  of  Stratfordian  mayors,  and 
of  which  Stratford  may  well  be  proud, 
since  even  Farlianient  itself  is  scarcely 
better  provided  in  this  respect.  The  next 
point    of  interest    was  the   Shakespeare 


IM 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  IntelUgencer. 


togT 


rooKiib  where  tlie  portriut  faimd  tt  If r. 
Htmfc't  WM  exhibited  in  ooiytiDrtioD  witli 
A  copy  of  the  bu»t  iti  the  chan:U,  ta  re* 
stodYd  bj  Mr.  Collins,  to  whom  the  eleuL* 
ing  of  Ihe  portrmit  was  aUo  entmvted. 
The  prooeedingft  st  the  roomi  Cfuxii&eiioed 
with  «n  addren  by  Mr.  TimminB,  on  the 
eorljr  portraits  of  Shake«pe«re,  especUilly 
the  Droeshout  print,  (the  fidelity  of  which 
is  so  strong^ly  attested  by  Ben  Jonson,) 
the  bust  in  the  chnrch,  the  ChAndoc  por- 
trait, and  the  Felton  portrait,  Mr,  Sebas- 
tian Evans  next  compared  the  lately  di«^ 
covered  portrait  with  the  host,  and  ex- 
pwed  a  itroog  opinion  in  (aToor  of  the 
geiittineiiW  and  aathority  of  the  former. 
Some  diaeoasion  ensued,  in  which  Mr. 
Chamhtflahi,  Mr.  Jabet«  Mr.  George  Daw- 
•cm,  Mr.  TSmmlns,  Mr.  Braoebridge,  and 
Mr.  Erans  took  part ;  and  Mr,  CoUins»  the 
deaner  of  the  picture,  expUined  the  man- 
ner in  which  it  came  into  his  hands,  and 
the  steps  by  which  he  was  led  to  the  dii* 
eoToy  of  the  remarkable  work  then  suh- 
adtled  to  the  meeting.  It  shoaU  be 
mentioned  that  Mr.  Hnnt  has  resisted  the 
tempting  olfen  made  to  him  for  the  por- 
trait, and  has  aUo  foregone  the  pleasure 
of  retaining  it  in  his  own  custody.  He 
has  pre^nted  it  to  the  Birthplace  Com- 
mittee, and  it  will  oliimately  find  a  per- 
manent home  in  Shake«pc«re*s  house. 

Th«  ehorch  was  next  Tiaited.     In  the 
f  esfciy  w«re  exhibited  the  parochial  regls- 


tenv  containing  numerons  entidas  r^laiifig 
to  Shakesp^ffe  and  his  Ikmily,  and  also 
the  corioos  entry  which  aaema  to  e»UUl»h 
the  second  marriage  of  Shakespeare's  wife 
^Aitne  Hathaway.  A  brief  aeoomtt  of 
the  church  waa  given  hy  Mr.  J.  U.  Oism* 
berUin.  Mr.  Tiuimins  (hen  called  atieo* 
tion  to  the  monnmentsi,  pointing  (Kit  eape- 
cially  thoae  pertaining  to  the  Shakespeare 
family,  and  others  of  special  interest. 
The  company  now  dispersed  nntil  dinner- 
time.  Some  wandered  along  the  banks  of 
the  Avon,  others  stroUed  about  tbc  qiitet 
little  town,  and  a  few,  deeper  aiitiquanans 
than  the  leat,  were  Ikroored  with  an  o|»- 
portunity  of  expUmng  the  vaults  of  Mr. 
Flower's  brewery,  where  their  rcseardira 
were  greatly  ossiated  by  libations  of  n 
golden  beverage  wliich  Shakespeare  bimtelf 
might  hare  qnafled  with  profit  and  ap- 
proral.  The  dinner  took  place  in  the 
Corn  Exchange,  when  the  chair  was  taken 
by  Mr.  Bracebridge,  one  of  the  Tice-pred- 
deutsofthe  Association*  At  the  conclu- 
sion of  the  repast,  Mr.  George  Dawaon^ 
MJl.,  delivered  an  eloquent  address  npoa 
Shakespeare,  after  which  the  Tisitors  di^ 
persed,  some  to  ri&it  Anne  Hatha  way's 
cottage  at  the  pretty  Tillage  of  Sbottt^y, 
abput  a  mile  and  a  half  from  Strfttford, 
and  the  rest  spending  the  remaining  time 
in  inspecting  other  objects  of  interest. 
The  psrty  returned  about  9  in  the  eren* 
ii^  to  Birmingham. 


I 


NOBTHASIPTONSHIRE  ARCHITECTTJRAL  SOCIETT. 


M-*f  SSI,  90w  The  annual  spring  m^et* 
-  hehl  at  Ihrapstou.  W,  H.  Stop* 
V^^  of  DrsytOQ-hoose,  presided. 
i^ur  firvt  day*  after  the  election  of 
i  nr^  ff^mt^nv  the  IWv,  C-amm 
read  the  rept>rt,  fnua 


objects  ai»d  proccedinga 
it<  .   .  iras  said, — ■ 

^  Oar  «lifcvtB  arw  Tvmtly  wider  than  our 


art,  ii,4  lilCT* 

*nhiniall  tki^ 

Tin'v  hke  Hit*. 


grace  to  qa  not  to  make  andeot  art  our  i 
■tudv\  and  t  '    tL>  tireeerre  its  exist- 

ing uietuur  r  have  at  the  svme 

titiic  the  UK'..  !■,  L.^,.tc^t  object  in  view  of 
iuQpTOvinij:  the  character  of  the  buildings 
thuU  -r  .wt«g  ftpanattndos— otiroburches^ 

alk.  our  com<«xolMmge^  o< 
*  'T!iin«Tfm«,  tHir  parvottagea^  and,  1 

^  II  ttti|Hirt- 

s.   Ifwe  i 
\in\v  '      0  in 

a«*ul«  vie- 

siastu.4.   .  to- 

lattx^t  im  «  la  a 

fvil<tnk<^n   N  *5ly 

in-  ' 


1861.] 


Northamptonshire  Architectural  Society. 


165 


■OXDO  of  our  recent  building*  Imd  the  plant 
piuied  undi!r  the  eye*  of  a  coiniiiitt««  ac* 
ctwtoioed  to  icnititiizs  architdctund  de- 
ittgn*. 

**  Since  lost  October,  plims  for  the  re* 
building:  of  the  chanct^l  of  Htttbfind*s  Bos- 
worth*  Httd  for  the  re-arrangeniecit  of  the 
ititt^nor  of  Wellingbiarough  Church,  both 
by  Mr.  E*  F.  Law,  htive  been  Approved; 
mid  a  scheme  for  the  internal  arrauj?e- 
menU  of  Ktngsthorpe  Church,  by  the 
^  Jimo  architect,  is  nowr  iti  iho  hands  of  a 
lb-committee.  At  tJio  request  of  the 
Kector  a.  gab'committee  has  fdeo  viiit€>d 
the  fine  church  of  Everdou,  and  reported 
on  the  conditloD  of  the  chancel  A  phin 
the  r**^»eating^  of  I^ng  fiackby  Church, 
Mr.  Oilhtrt  Scott,  bat  been  considered 
and  approved.  The  important  worki  at 
Uppingbaro  and  Ketton  Churches,  re- 
vie  we<i  bi' fore,  are  being  Tigoronslycjirried 
on ;  atui  the  little  chapel  of  Sutton -by* 
Wcftton  h  being  carefully  rebuilt,  aooord- 
inj5  to  our  fonner  recotunicnthilion.  Two 
very  important  achoola,  that  of  St.  Giles'iip 
Northampton^  by  Mn  Law,  and  that  of 
Belgpn&ve,  near  Leice«ter,  by  Mr.  W.iiil- 
lett,  have  been  submitted  to  oar  critiemm, 
and  are  now  in  the  course  of  being  carried 
out.  and  are  likely  to  vie  advantageou^^ly 
with  any  schoolt  within  the  diocese.  The 
acbooU  at  klip,  by  Mr.  Slater,  were  favour- 
ably noticed  in  a  former  report.  Plana  for 
the  new  school  at  Paulerspury  were  ex- 
hibited at  our  committee,  but  too  hite  for 

criticism 

•*T!ie  Treasurer**  account,  annually  mada 
up  in  October,  will  not  be  forthcoming  to- 
day; but,  notwitlistanding  the  large  pur- 
cfaases  of  both  EnglisU  and  foreign  books, 
the  object  to  which  our  funds  are  now 
chiefiy  devoted,  the  finances  of  onr  Society 
are  in  a  most  prosperous  state  (our  aur- 
eus is  quite  undisputed),  and  aflV)rd  us 
hope  of  eventually  bving  the  poiwes- 
of  a  firnt-rate  library  ol  architc'cturul 
arcbseologicnl  works.  I  shouhl  men- 
the  very  cnrioua  and  valtinhle  co1Iw.n 
m  of  castii  of  270  seals  of  local  and  nrebi- 
,^A  ^-t  forest  added  to  our  collectiona 
tl  porcbase  from  Mr.  Hetitly.  of 

th'  >    i:ian  department  of  the  British 

Uttaeutu,  and  which  are  exhibited  to  the 
aietnbere  fbr  the  0rst  time  lo-dAy.  We 
bave  hnd  the  pleasure,  during  the  pwst  six 
montlis,  of  voting  €2  2s.  towards  the  me- 
aorial  of  the  late  Mr.  Pugin,  and  £1  Is^— 
a  mark,  nut  a  measure,  of  our  gratitude^ 
towards  the  testimonial  about  to  be  pre- 
sented neit  week  to  the  indefatigable 
tieoeral  Secretary  for  the  Associated  Vo- 
lume fjt  Reports,  the  Uev.  K.  Trol!r»pe,  at 
m  meeting  to  be  hehl  at  Bourne,  Liuouln* 


shire,  to  which  members  of  this  8odety  are 
invited 

"  Your  committee  regret  that  the  hopes 
which  they  had  at  one  time  formed  of 
seeing  a  worthy  chapel  rise  from  the  ruins 
of  Cateaby  are  not  Likely  to  be  fiiltilled. 
It  h  now  proposed,  they  believe,  to  rebtiild 
the  latter  delmsed  chapel  on  its  present 
site,  and  the  work  of  demolition  hni  com* 
meneed  under  the  hands  of  a  bulhter. 
Soon  nothini?  will  be  left  of  the  old  nun- 
nery, and  ail  niatentil  nit^morial  of  the 
good  Dftine  Foyco  Birkeley  will  pass  away, 
to  add  nnotlur  to  the  utterly  erased  reli- 
gious foundatinns  of  tliis  country. 

"  The  Society  still  continue  to  feel  un- 
abated interest  in  the  works  now  going 
on  at  the  Hound  Church  of  St.  Sepub 
chre's,  Northampton,  and  they  earnestly 
recommend  the  undertaking  as  one  de- 
serving the  aid  of  the  whole  archdeaconry. 
The  large  som  of  £700  has  been  collected 
by  the  ladiea'  committee,  but  at  leaat 
£2,000  is  yet  retjuired  to  make  the  new 
part  fully  avnil)il)lc  for  Divine  Service. 
Tlje  use  of  vari -coloured  stones,  both  ex- 
tenifllly  and  internally,  has  been  carried 
out  by  Mr,  Scott  to  an  eittent  unextiuipled, 
1  believe,  in  modern  times;  and  he  has 
applied  the  same  principle  to  the  wood- 
work of  the  cbant^*l  roof,  Tlie  present 
condition  of  the  work  is  so  flini;n1ar  and 
rem  irk  able,  that  no  one  should  omit  the 
opportunity  of  visiting  them,  in  order  to 
ohs^erve  how  well  the  new  work  coutraHts, 
yet  harmouTzea,  with  the  old;  and  that, 
though  in  the  fonner  the  utmost  develop- 
ment ha«  been  allowed,  the  moat  conser- 
vative spirit  had  presided  over  tke  tender 
baudltng  of  all  the  ancient  fabrle  and  the 
time-marks  everywhere  imprinted  *m  ita 
walla.  Lord  Alwyne  Compton.  than  whom 
tliere  is  none  more  competent  lor  the  work, 
has  sent  from  Itome  a  very  beautiful  de> 
sign  for  the  pavement  of  the  ap«e,  which 
has  been  subuiitted  to  onr  Society,  and 
which  the  local  committee  purpoee  to 
adopt.'* 

The  much  canvassed  designs  for  the 
public  officca  at  Westuiinster  were  then 
Sjioken  of,  and  it  was  observed,—* 

**  If  people  wish  to  ice  what  they  msy 
expect  from  a  public  ofhcc  in  Classic  style, 
we  recommend  them  to  make  a  vUit  to 
the  new  othce  of  Metropolitan  Works^ 
just  finished,  in  the  narrow  t>aMage  which 
leads  from  Spring-gardens  into  St,  Jamea'i- 
park,  where  the  wretched  repetition  of 
rusticated  pavement,  stucco  unniments, 
narrow  windows,  and  pjdtry  dctail§,  will 
make  them  despair  of  our  Imving  attained 
any  advance  in  art  in  public  huildingi^ 


166 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  InteHigencer. 


[Aug. 


r.r-iir:!LFtandlnjr  all  the  study  and  imprest 
wL:th  Las  U-eii  t'e*!*  -wed  njiC-n  arohittvture 
dur.n^  the  last  quarieT  of  m  certury.  Tj 
a  Sensitive  eye  it  i*  perfrct  miiorj-  to  sve 
the  niass  of  new  building?  in  L'Dnd-»:i, 
frl^Lifj!  in  form,  and  false  in  principle, 
whsch  meet  one  at  cTery  mm,  and  it  re- 
q:i:re«  a  etrcing  mind  and  firm  patriotism 
in  those  who  btliere  in  the  «yn:bo:<:n  of 
arohltevtxxrt-  not  •  to  despair  of  iheir  cmn- 
try'  aficr  an  bcur'*  strc«Il  throuph  any  i«f 
onr  prini-ipial  tLoron^Lfaiei  where  the 
builder  is  at  work 

"I:  is  certain  that  onr  professional 
architect*  of  either  sohcv^l  hiive  not  yet 
mfficienily  gripjiled  with  the  means  of 
»npji!\-in£r  our  c<>nTenieLC<iC  and  ojr  com- 
forts and  lisTe  thus  too  commonly  thrown 
the  buiiiiing  of  our  houses  into  the  hands 
of  operatives,  and  no:  artift^.  It  is  a  com- 
mon belief  (which  could  hardly  have  grown 
up  without  the  bitter  experience  of  many 
years.!  that  in  employing  an  architect,  you 
are  taking  an  expensive  method  of  sacri- 
ficing internal  arrangement  and  c-.'^mfort 
to  outside  show:  whereas  it  is  a  certain 
fact  that  a  true  architect,  master  of  his 
j>isition,  should  be  able,  by  the  m"»st  care- 
fcl  study  of  interior  arranjcments.  to 
elicit  an  c>riginal  and  appropriate  eleva- 
tion, at  a  le««  cost  than  a  builder  CiHild 
run  up  his  regular  amount  of  orthodox 
Msh  windows  and  potted  chimneys. 

*'  Aiid  this  adaptation  of  the  outside  to 
the  internal  conveniences  is  the  crowning 
merit  of  onr  old  national  style,  and  in 
direct  oppositivm  to  the  cramping  jtedantry 
of  Classic  ree-ilarity.  As  to  the  forms  %yi 
ornament,  the  applicability  of  soulptun?, 
their  respective  proportions,  and  prevail- 
ing lines  of  outline,  on  these  there  may 
always  be  a  difference  of  taste  and  opinion ; 
but,  in  sp:t«  of  the  :  mazing  blunders  c^^m- 
mitted,  there  never  can  be  a  quest ii>n 
which  style  ii  the  most  elastic,  and  adapt- 
able to  every  cuger.ce  and  e^ery  clime. 
It  if  from  the  present  transitional,  %-acil- 
lating,  nnoonsadiering  state  of  the  public 
mind  on  art,  that  the  most  taax  is  to  be  had 
for  modem  architecture:  that  the  future 
derelopment  will  start  from  our  own  an- 
cient landmarks  there  can  be  little  doubt. 
The  •  \'ictorian*  style  may  be,  like  many 
of  our  public  acta,  a  plausible  comprv^mise, 
and  a  ramished  jumble;  but  whatever 
future  Ufe  shall  exist  in  Knglish  c**aractor 
or  art  must  he  base«l  ou  more  di>tinite 
principles  than  the  present  age  admits  of, 
and  will  pn>bably  be  led  by  what  is  i^asfting 
both  in  Europe  and  America  to  hold  mori* 
firmly  than  before  by  our  own  national 
traditions. 

"  We  ma  J  eongntalate  this  county,  at 


lea«t.  on  the  style  which  the  Corporation 
of  X^irthampton  have  determined  on  for 
their  new  Tuwn-hall  and  Museana,  and  I 
trust  tliat  the  design  will  be  of  such  excel- 
lence as  to  be  an  example  to  other  towns 
of  the  county. 

"  A  revival  in  architectural  literature 
has  marked  the  rresent  year,  and  the  new 
editions  of  Mr.  Bloxham's  and  Mr.  Parker's 
manuals  of  Gothic  Arch:t<cture  shew  that 
the  study  has  still  attractions  for  the 
reader!!  of  the  rising  generation,  while  Mr. 
Berrfford  Hojv's  *  Cathedral  of  the  Nine- 
teenth Centurj-,'  setting  forth,  as  it  does, 
in  its  pages  the  fact  of  the  reality  of  its 
title,  is  a  most  encouraging  proof  that  the 
highest  -'Ij^t-t  <'f  ecc]e>iastical  art  is  yet 
within  the  province  and  the  aim  of  living 
architects.  The  mere  publication  of  such 
a  bvX'k,  which  is  a  m^tst  practical,  sober 
treatise,  is  a  remarkable  s*gn  of  the  times. 
Twenty  years  ago  such  an  announcement 
wtuld  have  bordered  on  romance.  But 
Mr.  Hope  h^s  clearly  shewn  that  many 
cathedrals  of  the  ninet«enth  century  have 
been,  a:.d  that  more  will  yet  be,  buUt." 

Sir  Henry  Dryden  said  he  had  to  pat  a 
roM-'^ution  to  the  meeting  in  favour  of  the 
Gothic  style  oi  architecture:—"  That  this 
meeting  is  of  opinion  that  the  Gothic 
style  is,  in  respect  oi  association,  economy, 
convenience,  and  beauty,  the  best  adapted 
for  the  new  public  odBi-es  about  to  1)C 
envtod  in  Westminster;  and  hereby  au- 
thorize the  chairman  and  officers  of  the 
Soi-iety  to  sign,  on  its  behalf,  a  petition  lo 
I\irliament.  and  a  memorial  to  the  Cliief 
Commissioner  of  Works,  in  favour  of  the 
adoption  of  our  national  style  of  architec- 
ture for  these  buildings." 

Mr.  Blvxham  sei\>nded  the  motion,  and 
said,  in  orwler  to  see  the  superiority  of  the 
Gothic  over  every  other  style,  it  was  only 
nei-ossary  to  look  over  the  Elizabethan 
era.  to  see  how  massive  they  were,  and 
then  to  compare  them  with  the  dimsy 
structures  of  mixlem  da\-s.  When  they 
rememlvred  the  oM  church  of  Clirist's 
Hospital,  now  dirstroved.  the  Grey  Friars* 
and  the  church  of  St.  Mary's,  and  com- 
}iarvd  them  with  the  church  in  Langham- 
phuvandthe  Regent -street  architecture, 
tluy  would  see  quite  sufficient  to  induce 
them  to  ]To:cst  against  any  more  of  their 
public  buildings  Iving  erected  in  such  a 
degraded  st\le.  It  appeared  to  him  that 
nothing  c^mld  U*  morv  paltnr  than  the 


X861.] 


Northamptonshire  Architectural  Society. 


167 


I 


generality  of  thdr  modem  buildings,  as, 

for  liutBDcc,  the  uew  Pcwt-office,— which 

moative  enough,  hut  nothing  more, — 

fthe  MuMOiD*  and   oth(^^   haitding«.     He 

[remembered  well  the  old  Museum,  and,  in 

[lilf  opinioo,  it  waf  a  much  more  appro- 

piiftte  building  than  the  present  one. 

The  motion  was  c»rricd  unattiuicm&ly. 

The   ttev.  N.  F.  Lightfoot   then   read 

ft  paper  on  Drayton  House,  prepttnitory  to 

a  vUit  to  the  mansion.     The  site  of  the 

Castle  of  Thrapston,  now  an  orchard,  wns 

explored;  after  which  the  Society  dltied 

together,  General  Arbuthnot  in  the  ehnir. 

In  the  evening  a  meeting  waa  held  at 

the  Corn  Exchange,  where  a  temporary 

moieiim  had  been  formed,  containing  paint- 

ingfb  rubbings,  photography,  coins,  &c., 

many  of  them  of  much  intereat.    The  Rev, 

Q.  A.  Poole  read  a  paper  on  the  Stained 

QlaM  in  Lowick  Church,  and  the  Rev.  H. 

Waid  one  on  the  Parish  of  Aldwinekle, 

fbmonife  ifU§r  aiut,  as  the  birthplace  of 

John    Drydcn.      For    theae    interesting 

papen^  ai  well  as  that  on  Drayton  House^ 

we  hope  to  find  room  very  ahortly« 

Matf  ao.  The  cxcurfion  toolc  place, 
and  compHicd  visits  to  Tlioriw  Water- 
ville,  Aldwinckle,  Lowick,  Sudl>orough, 
Liveden,  ISrigftock  and  Geddington, 

T,  8.  Sclby,  Esq.,  of  Pitt^o,  deaeribed 
the  remains  at  Thorpe  Waterville,  of  a 
ca«tle  and  manor-hooae,  now  used  a«  a 
bam.     He  taid  : — 

**  This  interesting  remnant  of  a  resi- 
dence of  no  mmn  character  was  most 
likely  erected  about,  or  soon  aft^r,  the 
yenr  of  our  Lord  1300,  by  the  then 
Lord  High  Trcflunrer,  Walter  Lnng- 
tone  i  '  who,'  says  Bridges,  in  his  *  County 
History,*  *  built  at  Tliorpe  Waterville  a 
sumptuous  mansion,'  and,  with  a  perfect 
ccmforuiity  in  its  architectural  features  to 
such  era,  we  may,  I  think,  put  down  this 
building  nt  a  part  and  parcel  of  Langtone'a 
work,  and  may  consider  the  rouf  above  it 
to  have  Inren  brought  here  from  the  Abbey 
wootls  of  Ptpwcll,  whonre  thote  vast  quan- 
tities of  tiuibtr  an*  fh' bribed  as  having 
bet*n  ohuiiied  for  raifing  such 'ma.mnofi, 
without  leave  of,  and  to  the  great  detri- 
ment of  the  monks/  That  there  were 
originnlly  groand  and  first-floor  ftorieJi 
cannot  admit  a  question,  and  the  contem- 
porary ettnii^nci'  of  a  partition  nmniiig 
aorcwa  the  building  at    its  centre  Msoms 


equally  certain  ;  traces  of  it  remain  upon 
the  wall,  the  construction  and  situation  of 
the  ct-ntre  beams  returning  the  cornice 
moulding  tire  indicative  of  it,  the  moulding 
Itself  varying  on  dther  side  [joints  to  it, 
and  the  eifecta  of  it  are  visible  in  the  pro- 
tection it  bus  adbrded  one  compartment 
from  an  agency  that  has  stained  the  oilier. 
A  porch  jutting  from  the  building  on  its 
east  aide  was  taken  down  about  thirty -six 
years  since ;  it  possea»cd  the  same  descrip- 
tion of  canted  roof,  with  collars  and  braces, 
but  had  neither  posts  nor  foot-lieams;  it 
was  floored,  and  might  be  entered  trom 
the  great  chumbor  south,  by  moans  of  a 
narrow  doorway ;  on  the  ground  floor 
waa  another  small  door ;  the  springers  of 
the  coping-table  wi^rc  ornamented,  and 
a  large  fiuial  sunnounti^d  the  gahlc,  A 
chiiimfc-y,  corhcUed  off  «orae  seven  feet 
above  ground,  projecting  as  a  narrow  strip 
of  masonry,  on  cither  fido  relieved  by  a 
circular  window  through  the  g.*blc  wall, 
carrying  a  bold  head,  with  an  octagon 
shaft  and  embattled  crest,  served  for  the 
fire-place  of  the  great  chamber  north  ; 
the  front  of  this  mo«t  likely  brought  for- 
ward, and  perhaps  on  corheU,  m  at  Cuslto 
Edlingham,  Northuinberland,  must  again 
retire  upon  the  wall,  sloping  upwards, 
and  the  cutting  away  the  beam  to  receive 
the  slope,  and  its  existence  behind  it^  aro 
both  manifest,  A  similarly  constructtid 
gable  chimney,  <i;c.,  anawi^red  at  the  south 
end  to  the  one  just  described,  but  haa 
been  removed  perhajn  a  hnndred  years 
since.  A  bridge,  with  a  ribhed  soffit  of 
the  time  of  Brshop  Langton,  Hpntis  the 
brook,  under  the  turni>ike.  Threi^  ribs 
arc  sqriare  with  the  stream,  and  the  two 
outer  ones  are  phicod  nslant  to  suit  the 
exigencies  of  the  ancient  roadway,  which 
crossed  the  brook  obTuiuely  ;  in  modem 
times  the  bridge  has  been  otMed  to  on 
either  side,  and  the  rtmd  widenoil,"  Mr 
Selby  then  pointed  out  the  traditional  site 
of  the  dinp^d,  and  tf»k  the  party  to  visit 
some  masonic  corbels,  which,  as  Mr,  Selhy 
said,  "  were  now,  in  an  inverted  position, 
made  to  serve  the  purpose  of  an  arch -head 
in  a  building  (a  farm-house  adjoining),  a 
re-erection  of  the  worst  part  most  likely 
of  the  materials  that  had  once  been  used 
in  the  buildings  of  the  Watarvilles  of 
Langstone,  the  best  having  gone  to  another 
village,  where  it  was  hoped  they  might  bo 
traced  at  some  future  period." 

The  remains  are  now  the  property  of 
Lord  Lilford,  to  whom  they  have  passed 
through  the  Cecils  from  the  reputed 
founder  Azclin  de  Waterville^  temp, 
Henry  I, 


168 


Antiquarian  and  Uierary  InielHjfencer. 


[Aug, 


Aldwinkla  AH  Saiotf'  Chordi  was  de- 
ieribed  bj  the  View.  H.  Ward,  Rector  of 
8L  PeUr^i,  •»  waa  alao  his  own  church, 
which  has  been  reitored  bj  him.  AH 
8«nU'  retained  in  it«  east  window,  and 
in  one  of  the  north  windows,  its  Early 
English  character.  The  same  was  the 
case  with  the  chancel-arch.  The  piers  on 
the  sonth  nde  were  of  the  same  date,  and 
altogether  diflerent  from  those  on  the 
north.  Those  he  toc^  to  be  Decorated, 
agrering  with  the  clerestory  windows, 
which  Xr.  Freeman  described  as  of  the 
geometrical  period.  In  the  aisles  also  one 
ci  the  windows  was  Decorated,  bat  over- 
large  Perpendicular  windows  had  been  in- 
serted in  each  of  tbem ;  at  the  same  time, 
DO  doubt,  that  the  battlemental  turrets 
were  added.  There  was  a  fine  western 
arch,  which  would,  if  it  could,  open  into 
the  tower.  The  steeple,  as  at  St.  Peter's, 
was  the  most  important  feature  in  the 
church,  and  being  a  tower  in  the  land  of 
spires,  was  the  more  worthy  of  remark. 
Mr.  Freeman,  speaking  of  the  smaller  Per- 
pendicular towers  of  the  county,  coupled 
it  with  Whiston,  but  to  the  latter,  in  some 
material  features,  he  gave  the  preference. 
Several  members  of  the  Society  expressed 
a  different  opinion,  giving  the  preference 
to  Aldwinckle.  On  the  north  side  of  the 
chancel  the  small  vestry,  added  in  Deco- 
rated times,  was  well  worthy  of  notice, 
inasmuch  as,  so  far  from  being  an  awk- 
ward excrescence,  as  was  generally  the 
case,  it  added  greatly  to  the  beauty  and 
picturesque  appearance  of  the  church.  The 
font  was  Early  English,  and  very  similar 
to  that  of  St.  Peter's,  but,  unlike  that,  had 
a  history.  In  an  old  church  account-book 
he  found  that,  in  the  year  1655,  the  font 
stone  was  sold  for  4i.  6d.,  and,  as  in  the 
same  year's  accoants  there  was  another 
entry,  vi.rf,  paid  for  "  a  basone,"  he  inferred 
that  the  domestic  article  was  in  use,  when 
needed,  in  its  stead  until  1662,  when 
5s.  6d.  was  paid  to  Goodman  Garrot  for 
sotting  up  the  foot  again,  and  20s.  was 
paid  for  leadiug  it.  Goodman  Garrot  did 
npt  deserve  his  title  for  his  skill  in  setting 
up  fonts,  for  he  had  placed  the  supporting 
staff  upside  down,  besides  most  mercilessly 
peeking  it,  to  make  it  fit  his  topsy-turvy 
8 


restoratioD.  Ob  the  aoath  tide  of  tiie 
dianeel,  opening  into  it  by  a  broad  arch, 
and  into  the  sooth  aisle  by  a  very  pointed 
one,  was  a  highly-finisiied  Perpendicular 
diantry.  Fuller,  the  C^oich  historian, 
referred  to  it«  and  aud  it  was  endowed 
with  house  and  land,  for  a  priest,  at  the 
cost  of  Sir  John  Aldwinde^  about  the 
reign  of  King  Henry  VI.  Both  as  to  the 
founder  and  the  date  FuDer  was  inaceu- 
rate,  fiw  copies  of  the  foondatioa  deeds, 
still  extant,  proved  that  the  diantry  was 
erected  in  the  fourth  year  of  Hemy  YII. 
(1489),  by  William  Chambre,  and  Eliia- 
beth  his  wife,  formerly  wife  of  William 
Aldwincle.  Upon  the  wall  of  Uie  north 
aisle  was  a  brass  to  John  Pokering,  'phy- 
sitian,'  who  cUed  in  1659.  He  war  great 
uncle  to  Dryden,  being  brother  to  the 
poef  s  grandfiither,  the  Rev.  Henry  Poker- 
ing, rector  of  this  church,  who  himself 
lay  buried  in  the  churchyard,  under  an 
altar-tomb,  dose  by  which  was  a  rimilar 
tomb  to  Mrs.  Lucy  Pykering,  daughter  of 
Henry  Pykering,  the  rector,  and  conse- 
quently Dryden's  aunt. 

St  Peter's  was  somewhat  older  than 
All  Saints*.  It  had  one  mark  of  greater 
ant'quity,  namely,  one  of  the  piers  in  the 
north  aisle.  That  pier  had  a  capital 
with  a  square  abacus,  with  heads  and 
foliage,  and  might  certainly  have  belonged 
to  a  Nurman  church.  It  was,  besides,  of 
a  rather  ruder  sort  of  masonry  than  the 
other  piers,  bat  as  it  was  the  only  portion 
of  the  church  which  could  be  referred  to 
such  early  times, — the  other  piers  clearly 
belonging  to  a  period  not  more  than  sixty 
to  eighty  years  after  it, — ^he  hesitated  to 
ascribe  to  it  much  greater  antiquity.  All 
the  Early  English  features  retained  in 
All  Saints'  Church  have  vanished  from  St. 
Peter's,  except  the  arch.  The  presentchurch 
was  in  the  late  Decorated  style,  very  long, 
very  wide,  and  very  lofty,  and  larger,  in 
fact,  than  was  commonly  met  with  in 
a  small  country  church  which  was  not 
collegiate.  It  was  evidently  built  about 
the  year  1373,  when  Oliver  de  Lofwyke 
and  Richard  Parson,  of  Stanwigge,  ob- 
tained licence  to  settle  twenty-six  acres  of 
arable  land  and  four  acres  of  meadow  land 
in  Aldwinckle,  on   William  de  Lofwyke 


18C1.]  Norihamptomhire  Architectural  Society. 


169 


mxA  bi«  Bucc<?Mora,  pufions  of  St.  Fetci^s 
Cbarcb,  towards  the  nmintcnfLDce  of  « 
priimt  to  celebrate  Dtvine  Service  dnily 
At  the  btjarli  altar  of  tb©  said  cborcb*  The 
tbree  ei^uth  wltidowa  of  tbe  cbancel  were 
ver;  ftriking.  The  Urst  nearest  the  east 
liad  njimboynnt  tracery,  and  teDeath  the 
window  ou  the  iiuide  the  wall  Is  cat  away 
to  form  two  seats  or  t^lilia.  The  Uat  ou 
the  aouth  side  wa«  remarkable  for  having 
whmi  was  called  *'  a  low  side  wiudow/'  the 
booka  for  tbe  shutter-hiog*  s  etill  appear- 
ing. Uudcr  this  window  the  wuTl  was 
Abo  cut  away  to  fonn  a  seat,  which  in 
In  thia  case,  tmlike  the  others,  waa  of 
wood,  and  seemed  to  in dl cute  that  a  priest 
■at  at  the  opeti  window^  for  the  purpose 
of  receiving  eonressions  or  of  disiribuliofr 
aloitf.  llie  moat  beaut tful  features  about 
the  church  were  the  tower  and  spire, 
which  blt'nd  together  aa  only  a  tower  and 
spire  built  at  one  tiine  can  do. 

Li^wick  Church,  beside  its  painted  glais, 
baa  some  excceilingly  fluu  monuments. 
The  most  modern  is  one  to  Charles  Sack- 
vUle,  Duke  of  Dorset,  who  died  in  18-13. 
There  are  alju  splendid  moiiumonU  to  Sir 
Walter  de  Vere,  Knt,,  the  founder  of 
the  cbnrcb  ;  to  Sir  Ralph  Qreen ;  to  Staf- 
Ibrd,  Blarl  of  Wiltshire ;  to  Sir  John  Gcr- 
mam,  one  of  the  latest  specimens  of  a 
kaifEbt  in  armour,  having  breast^plate^ 
•tpanliers  over  the  sltoQlders,  the  upper 
part  of  the  arm  being  protected  by  rear 
tAscei  and  overlapping  plates.  There 
•R  also  bow  plates  and  baud  braces,  and 
qverlapping  plates  over  the  thighs.  There 
Is  a  Trry  handsome  monument  also  to  the 
L*dy  Mary  Mordaunt,  daughter  to  the 
Earl  of  Puterborougbj  who  waA  first  mar- 
rk4  to  Henry,  Duke  of  Norfolk,  and,  after 
ids  death,  Uj  Sir  John  Qermain. 

Sudboroagb  Church  is  a  plain  building, 
with  a  t<jwer  of  the  fourteenth  century. 
Set  in  the  wall  was  the  monumental  figure 
of  a  erusarier,  «uptx>scd  to  date  firom  the 

^nning  of  the  reign  of  Henry  III.  In 
nrpinion  of  Mr.  Bloxoni,  however,  it 
century  later.    In  this  cburob  there 

^twoscdUuL 

At  Livcden,  a  paper  on  the  manor-house 

»  r«d  hy  the  Rev.  H.  Ward.  The  old 
ia  now  used  ns  a  farm<houac,  but 
Q%^r.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXI. 


the  new  bnildin)^,  which  is  of  grcfit  his^ 
torical  interest^  was  never  fiuishid,  nnd  is 
now  a  ruin  : — 

"  He  did  not  profess  to  give  a  Uill  bis* 
tory  of  Liveden,  but  merely  such  an  ac-^ 
count  as  might  be  useful  to  those  of  the 
company  who  might  have  little  or  no  ac* 
quamtance  with  the  place.  Liveden,  or 
Leffi'rdeo,  appeared  to  be  the  name  of  a 
large  forest  district,  extending  into  several 
parLsbes,  of  which,  curiously  enough,  al- 
most all  were  in  diScrent  hundreds.  In 
the  olden  times,  if  the  owner  of  the  old 
buikbisg  bad  been  walking  in  his  park 
three  hundred  yards  from  the  house,  he 
would  thi'n  have  been  in  the  jurii^diction 
of  the  vicar  of  Brigttock  j  but  by  stepping 
over  almost  an  invisible  boundary,  he 
would  at  once  have  come  under  tlie  charge 
of  the  rector  of  Benefield,  and  under  his 
charge  he  might  have  n^ached  his  own 
front  door,  but  no  further,  for  inside  the 
hall  he  would  have  been  liable  to  meet 
the  Aldwinkle  ptirson  on  a  parochial  visit. 
Once  housed,  it  might  be  thought  that 
the  owner  would  be  safe  from  further 
change  of  pastors,  but  such  was  not  the 
case,  for,  if  he  liappt  m  d  to  go  into  his 
kitchin  and  to  cro^s  at  other  invisible  lino 
of  demarcation,  there  the  rector  of  Bene- 
field  would  again  have  legal  status;  and 
should  the  unlucky  gentleman  then  think 
of  escaping  by  the  back  door,  no  sooner 
would  be  have  crossed  it  than  there  might 
stand  the  rector  of  Pilton,  and  claim  hitn 
as  a  parishioner.  But,  though  lying  in 
so  many  parishes,  Liveden  was,  to  a  cer- 
tain extent,  extra-i>arochial.  His  impres- 
sion was  that  it  once  formed  a  sort  of 
ecclesiastical  district  of  itself,  and  that 
these  noduses  were  for  the  purpose  of 
freeing  it  from  the  jnriNdiction  of  the 
several  rectors,  in  order  Uiat  it  might  bo 
placed  under  a  chaplain  or  chapkius  of 
its  own, 

"  He  mentioned  the  names  of  several 
of  the  earlier  owners  of  Liveden ;  but 
those  who  had  m- st  clearly  left  their 
marks  there  were  the  Treshams^  who  ac- 
quired the  property  about  the  time  of 
Henry  VI.  The  first  of  them  was  either 
t*ir  Wilbam  Trebham,  of  Sywill,  or  hia 
BOD,  Sir  'Ihomas^  of  Rushton,  who  was 
attainted  of  treason  early  in  the  reign  of 
Edward  IV.,  when  the  manor  of  Livcden 
was  held  for  a  time  by  William  de  Aide- 
wyncle,  but  eventually  reverted  to  Sir 
John  Treaham,  the  son  of  Sir  Thomas, 
who  lived  till  far  into  the  reign  of  Henry 
VI II.  The  next  owner  was  Sir  Thoraas 
Tresham,  the  lord  prior  of  St.  John  of 
Jeruaalem,  who  was  buried  at  Rushtou  i 


170 


Jniiquariati  and  Liierary  Intelligencer^ 


aft«r  wbofD  Itie  pfopertj  came  to  uioiher 
Sir  Tboim^  who,  •%  hi  m  liveden  wm 
concerned,  wm  the  most  important  mem- 
ber of  the  fainilT.  Leiand  in  hia  '  Itinti- 
miy  mid.  'There  be  two  hona^a  of  Tre- 
ahams  in  Northamptotuhlre.  The  eld«T 
hnjther'a  hoo^e  l«  iiow  comimml^  called 
RuabtOD  by  Gattering,  but  h«  ealletb 
himadf  "  Trealiam  of  Liveden,*'  where  ret 
stAodeCh  parte  of  an  ancient  manor-place, 
and  goodly  meadowi  ahoat  it^  and  there 
bath  Treiiibam  about  three  hnndred  merkf 
by  the  yere*'  Tlie  old  manor-bonae  might 
bly  hare  b^en  on  the  ste  of  Ibe  old 
,  tbnt  where  the  two  &rm'hoa8«8 
.  and  it  Wtfs  ptimble  that  a  por- 
tloii  of  U  migrht  be  incorporated  with  the 
preaenl  boildinga.  although  the  pnneipal 
wriaig,  which  now  Kaaainad  almost  entire, 
waa  of  a  mQeb  later  datow  Then  Died  to 
be  a  cost  of  armt  in  ctone  let  into  the 
gables  over  the  west  window  of  tlie  great 
diamber^  and  that  serred,  to  «  certain 
extent,  to  fix  the  date,  for  with  tbe  Tre> 
ahum  anui  were  qunrtered  thoae  of  Parr 
of  Horton,  and  aa  it  waa  Tnsabam  the 
Prkr  of  St.  John's  who  married  the  Parr 
the  anna  conid  not  bave  been 
>  qnartcrly  until  after  his  death.  Be- 
tmum  Ibe  two  pr^^etit  rarm-boiiaea  tbere 
mad  to  be  a  tlone  an'hway  or  9cn-en,  in 
Sir  Tbomaa'a  later  rtylc  of  arcbit^^nr^. 
and  appamtly  Wft  uu^ui^ied  nt  hix  death, 
but  was  renkored  a  few  year*  a^  to  Farm- 
ing Wooda»  and  was  re-erwjUMl.  with  the 
ooat  of  mnna  at  tbe  top  yf  it,  a§  »n  en- 
trance to  tbe  atablcwyard.  W'bat^vir  may 
have  been  the  caao  with  the  old  building* 
tbe  new  Unildlni^  waa  olearly  tbe  wnrb  of 
tbe  UH-nnmed  Sir  Tboouia  IV  aham,  the 
Iblbcr  of  l^oibftai  tbe  eonapirasor.  tiwr 
^Tbooiae  waa  or%ibaUy  «  PivlatAnt,  and 
fmwi  UfbUd  by  Qiia«n  EUnheth.  at  bar 
"  OOP  rUt  to  KenilworO^  In  157&i  b««t 
within  tbiwe  y«ir«  alierwaanAi,  wbeai  tbe 

nn*<>n«»jirv  t^rir^*!*  r»tr<  oVfT  ir»t.> 


4 


ng  a  fknii 


claim  James  at  Northampton,  and  bit 
Franeia»  afterwards  the  conaplfntcr, 
hta  hrothcT  Le^ia*  mul  tluir  hn  ' 
]aw«  Lord  Mi]nt4!«gl 
letter  waa  addreeieu 
their  foppori  ol  the  £«r 
cceuring  the  Tower  of 
same  oiuae. 

*^  WitKin  three  monttia  of  the   Ki; 
arrival  in  London  be  invited  many  Pu|i 
re<cQ8anta  to  Conrt,  and  among  othcn 
Thomas  TrediaiB,  and  on  that 
aasared  tbem  it  «nu  ht«  intention 
them  gv«ater  freedom  in  tbe 
their  religion   than   liis  predt 
done,  and  e^^eciaUy  that   he  wi 
onerate  then  from  the  finea  imj 
the  statute  of  Eiixabetb.     In 
with  that  they  Ibond  that  tbe  finca 
in  the  reign  of  Sliiabeth,  ai 
£10,000  a  year,  were  rednceit  in 
year  of  JanMS  to  £300,  and  In  the 
year  to  £tOO.    In  the  thirtl  year,  howev< 
afti*  the  Gunpowder  Plot,  they  wert 
raiaed  to  £6^000.    The  bearing  of 
remarlu  napeeting  the  treatment 
Fopiab  reeouits  by  King  Jan)c* 
LiTedeo  w«a  tbis,  that  nnlefti  they  b 
pectedcDodderable  indnlgeiioe  to  M! 
tbem  with  respect  to  tbeir  node  ' 
ihip»  and  a  great  relaxation  of  tbc^ 
laws  agaisise  tbe  harbonrn^  of  ' 
priests^  that  bnilding  wo 
been  commenced.    Therv 
that  tbe  ^»>idii>g  w^u  IhUl^^k^^  v 
ligioiaa  hooae,  and  anch  an  tme  eji 
not  have  been  tolerated,  or  crm  atl 
to  be  baBt*  in  the  preceding  rtdgn. 
what  a^aa  known  of  Sir  Thomaa 
c)iar>irteT«  nothing  woidd  be  morr  lil 
than  that  be  wuald  delight  in  pf 
a  bouse  to  be  eorend.  as  tbis 
nligtOMs  tmblema.  «(pecial|y  if  be 
ifmtmMm  b«|^  tbsl  it  woold  be  - 
to  be  iwd  fur  Ibe  famdation  of 
IwUgkras  fratcrnlt  V.  atixiit^  nhotii  !] 
profafthh 
hiad^a, 

waa  oo^y  tti^uciH«d   Ity 
v^ewa    of   ^OatboTie 

ibe^  ho  bad  mm.  «U»cr  hot 
«  a«npo«der  Hot.    B« 

t  vied  not,  Ibr  IhMi  tie  >' 
\hc  holding  w^  leH  at 
r.  a»  rii.tf  (fvbsUlity  that 
:  aSy  hegna,  br' 
^     Ailer  tbe  ^ 

f  rtrlboom*  Irt.ha 


have 

ic*abt 


u     I  ^rr  vi  London,  EoshU 
3<iat«dL  b«t  LiT«4aB  was  allowod 
•  •»  *ji  Ibw  nest  bcirtliflr»  t^ewia,  wh 
^m^m  V^  mm  not  lik«|| 


1861.] 


Society  of  Northern  Antiquaries. 


171 


take  much  pains  to  finUb  n  houM  for 
Jesuit  priests  <wi'n  l»*itl  li^*^  l>een  bo  in- 
clined, And  so  tli^  plitce  was  doubtlefls  left 
»•  it  stood  when  Sir  ITionittii  died.  Bridges 
iiftid  thnt  the  new  bailding  iit  Lin  den  was 
never  covered  in»  but  there  wa»  every 
reft;M)n  to  believe  that  it  was  in  n  much 
moni  finished  *t«to  ihnn  they  saw  it  then, 
ii  was  »iid  tluit  Major  Butler,  an  ollicer 
of  CromweU'e  dnny  Htatioiied  at  Oundle, 
where  bis  p*iternal  pro|'orty  lay,  at  tempted, 
with  a  party  of  the  Pftrhamentiiry  forei'*, 
to  level  the  hoildii^g  to  the  ground,  but 
whether  that  waa  because  it  had  utTorded 
shelter  to  any  puty  of  the  Itoyalists  did 
not  appi-ar.  There  were  marks  of  huUeta 
on  the  out«ide^  but  those  might  be  ac- 
counted for  by  pic-nic  Volunteer*  think- 
ing It  a  safe  mark  for  ball^praetice. 

"  Aa  it  was  useful  to  stnuigifra  visiting 
aach  bnildiogi  as  tba  present,  he  would 
read  a  few  cxtracta  from  a  work  on  ihe 
Livedeit  ruins.  The  home,  it  told  tbem» 
waa  built  in  the  form  of  a  Greek  croRs,  and 
the  entrance  was  on  the  north  side,  aud 
must  have  been  by  a  flight  of  steps.  Stand- 
ing opposite  to  that  could  be  seen  the 
archways  in  the  interior.  The  artns  on 
the  key- stones  of  the  arches  were  *  Treshiim' 
for  the  founder,  and  '  Throckmorton*  for 
his  wife.     Above  the  first  story  without  is 

^n    the   form   of   eacutcheonSi 
'j;  the  whole  of  the  bnildiug, 

uiiabed.  some  in  a  half- finished 
iUte,  and  uthers  with  their  outtmt-*  barely 
lnce«i«  plat  lily  proving  how  audden  and 
Epcctcd  waa  the  blow  that  occasioned 
I  auspffOAion  of  the  work.  The  ttbteldii 
»a  are  in  compartmunU  of 
each  style,  &c«     I'pon  t!ie 

ru,  ij^,  are  sin- 

giji  -  U  much  care. 


enoblpratitieal  of  the  snfreringH  and  cmci- 
fixifm  of  our  Saviour.  These  are  in  circles 
of  about  eighteen  inehc«  in  diuinet^r,  and 
are*  supposed  to  represeot— 1.  The  purse 
containing  the  money  for  which  Judiis  be- 
trayed Christ,  and  round  the  border  the 
thirty  ptecea  of  silver.  2.  The  lanthorn, 
torches,  a  spear,  and  a  s^onL  3.  'I'ha 
croM,  la^ider,  hammer,  and  nails.  4-.  The 
seamleai  garment,  and  dice  to  represent 
the  casting  lots  for  it.  5.  The  crowing 
cock  to  awaken  St.  Peter,  and  the  scfiurgea 
with  which  Pilate  scourged  J e«ua.  6.  The 
XP.  within  a  wrentb,  on  the  upper  part 
of  which  ia  a  T  for  Trt«httm.  Aiid  7.  Tlie 
IHS.  and  crosa,  and  round  the  bi  rdor 
•  Eato  mihi/  These  iK^ulptures  are  re- 
peated round  the  whole  of  the  building. 
Above  the  third  story,  runoin^r  round  the 
oomice,  are,  or  rather  were,  for  a  f^ood 
deal  is  now  mii^^iug,  the  following  f»eii> 
tenoea  r^ — '  Jesva  mtnui  Salts  ){•  Oatsb 
H ATXB  virgo  M.^ria4*  Verbvm  fivtem  crvcla 
^wrcviitbv«  fjvdeui  stvltitia  <  st  4i  Jcsv  be- 
aitvs  ventor  qvi  te  portavit  4*  Maria  nmter 
virgo  sfionsd  tnnvpta  •{•  Benedi  \  it  tibi  Devs 
in  eetemvm  Maria  ijp  Mihi  avteui  ahait 
gtoriari  nisi  in  crvce  Domini  nostri/  " 

After  luncheon  in  the  open  air  at  Live- 
den,,  the  party  visit*  d  Brigstock,  whore 
there  is  an  ixceedinjily  fiiie  Saxon  tower- 
arch,  blocked  up  and  ahiio»t  hid  by  the 
organ,  and  then  ooncludtd  their  excursion 
by  a  glance  at  the  Eleanor  Croas  at  Ged- 
dington,  which  Bridges,  the  county  his- 
torian, oomiders  the  moat  perfect  of  the 
three  in  existence,  being  neither  m«ch  in- 
jured like  Waliham  CroiM*,  nor  altered  like 
that  near  NurtJtamptoo,  by  moik^rn  ad- 
dilionB. 


SOCIETY  OF  XORTHEUN  ANTIQUARIES. 
Tlie  annual  meeting  was  held     and  the  i^hield  preseuted  to  him  by  King 


at  the  easily  of  Christ iansborg,  H.M.  the 
Kisro  Of  llKXMAftK  in  the  chair. 

The  aecretary,  Pn>ft?faor  C.  C.  Rafn, 
resail  a  report  of  tfac  proecetlingt  and  state 
<«f  ihe  Society  daring  the  year  18B0. 
Of  Ihe  •*  Annab  of  Northeni  Archii?oh>jfy,*' 
Uie  two  vohimeti  for  IS5*J  and  18B(.l  are  in 
|b«  praaa,  of  which  the  former  (with  seven 
yl«l«a)  oofttaina  aev^TKl  papem  by  C.  C. 
Lomnxen  and  others  on  *'  Historical 
MiiiminMl>i  in  the  Duchy  of  Schleswig/* 
while  the  latter  ojjeua  with  an  ea&ay  by 
Qiali  firynjiiU:iiaon»  im  **  Brugi  thii  Old,*' 


Kagnar  Loilbrok.  Of  the  **  Archojological 
lliview,"  containing  the  Proceedings  of 
ihe  Society,  list  of  Felbws,  Ac,  as  also  of 
the  MSmtnres  dea  AnHqmmre*  dw  Nt^rd^ 
the  volumes  concluding  with  the  year 
1860  are  in  the  presa.  ITie  **  Review" 
eontaina  a  series  of  critical  notices  of 
several  newly  publbhetl  works  on  Ameri- 
can antiquities.  Among  the  papers  oon- 
tainted  in  the  MSmmre9  one  is  by  P.  A, 
Munch,  in  English,  on  the  Scottish  local 
namoB  occurring  in  the  Icelandic  i:>sgaa, 
and  another  in  Frvnch,  being  ihe  tex,t,  by 


172 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


t«gr 


C.  C.  Fftfti  ftnii  C,  J.  Tliomsen,  of  the 
Atl^^  de  VAreheoiogie  du  Nord.  At  the 
BRine  time  tbe  Lexieon  P&sUewm  Aiitiqmm 
lAngum  SepteiUrionalis }  cofucripmi  j^wih- 
biorn  Fffihmn  was  esblbited.  In  tlie 
introductioQt  by  J,  Sif^rdsscm,  pftrttcular 
mention  ha«  t>ei*n  made  of  the  labour*  of 
the  deceased  author,  tending  to  illaatmte 
the  andcnt  hmgrnag^o  and  literature  of  the 
North,  OS  also  of  those  of  seveml  of  bia 
oonntiymen  who  hiivo  deserved  well  by 
tbe  preservfttion  of  old  Northern  pootiail 
remains;  it  concluiiea  with  &oine  renmrki 
on  the  terma  "  Donak  tungo/'  **  NorrtDna," 
ftnd  "  Old  Northern,"  applied  to  the  an- 
cient Inngnage  of  the  North. 

His  Majesty  the  King  exhibited  «  con- 
Blderable  nuoiber  of  very  remarkable  ob- 
jects, with  which  \m  aibinet  of  northern 
nntiqaities  has  been  enriched  since  the 
last  annual  meeting-  of  the  Society — yh. 
i>umeroua  upeclnienst  from  the  nge  of  atone ; 
amoncr  others  a  triangiil  tr  arrow-point  of 
flint,  found  in  a  tiirf-pit  tiear  Tliorsiv,  in 
Scania^  sticking  in  &  aknil,  together  with 
ieveral  beautiful  specimeua  from  the  age  of 
bronze.  Among  tbe  objects  from  the  age  of 
iron,  eighths  -five  very  fine  oiies  were  found 
in  a  tarf  moor  at  Thor*bierg,  near  South 
Brarup,  in  Angoln ;  the  other  objects  of 
this  rich  collection  are  preserved  in  the 
Plen*borg  Moseum.  Their  age  is  proved 
by  Roman  coins  found  with  thein  ;  the  most 
recent  one,  of  tbe  Eraperor  ComiUiiduB, 
Iteing  struck  a,b.  185,  whence  it  may  be 
concluded  with  some  probabilitir'  that  the 
objects  jujit  mentioned  belong  to  the  third 
c*?Qtary.  Of  those  now  preserved  In  His 
Mi^esty's  cabinet  may  be  mentioned  an 
iron  coat  of  mail,  and  a  shoulder  buckle 
with  gold  and  silver  covering,  a  circular 
shield  of  woi  d  38  inches  in  diameter,  iind 
several  arrow  shails  of  pine  wood,  with 
incjtnoui  fm  the  b  »w8tring«  Of  the  objects 
exhibited  by  His  Majesty  several  hiive 
bern  selected  for  representation  in  the 
detailed  report  to  be  given  In  the  Me- 
moirtit  dpM  Autifpmirejt  d«  Nord, 

General  Kibiger.  Coitunaiider-in-Cliief 
of  the  Artillery,  exliibitetl  some  very  an- 
eient  and  curious  objf  ct4  newly  received 
for  tlie  btstorieal  eolWtlon  in  tbe  Boyal 
AnenaL     ¥tqsd    Dr.  H.  lUuk,  Inspector 


of  South  Greenland,  was  received  anil  M- 
hibited  voK  ii.  of  "  KatndHt  Ok^UuM^at' 
Uat ;  or,  Greenlandic  Popular  Traditions, 
written  down  by  Natives,  together  with 
a  Collection  of  Woodcuts,  designed  and 
executed  by  RsctuimauK  in  Ilhislratiim  of 
the  said  Traditions."  Mr.  8.  Klein^chmidt, 
the  teacher  of  the  Qttdtliaab  Seminary, 
tmnaniitted  a  oompendious  hiirtory  of  the 
world,  written  in  theOreenlandic  language. 

Mr,  Niels  Arniten,  of  Fall  River,  in  the 
county  of  Bristol  and  state  of  Masnchn- 
sctts, transmitted  to  the  Society  a  warranty 
deed,  by  which,  *'  in  consideration  of  his 
esteem  for  the  editor  of  the  AnUquHaim 
Ameiicanm  and  tbe  author  of  the  'Memoir 
on  the  Discovery  of  America  by  the  North- 
men,* Profeastir  C.  C.  Riifn,  and  the  Royal 
Society  of  Northern  Auti({uariea,  he  did 
give,  grant,  and  convey  to  the  said  Pro- 
fessor and  Royal  Society  the  rock  known 
as  the  *  Wriiiusf*  or  *  Dtghton  Rock/  and 
the  lot  or  parcel  of  land  surronndtng  it, 
and  sUtrntcd  in  the  Umw  of  Berkley,  in 
said  county  of  Bristol,"  its  limits  being 
stated  in  detail  in  the  nid  deed.  Tbe 
Society  charged  it«  managing  oommitJee 
to  express  to  the  donor  its  thanks  for  bis 
gift,  as  also  to  t&ke  the  proper  measures 
to  see  the  monument  duly  fenced  and 
preserved- 

In  the  past  year,  186'0,  there  have  been 
enrolled  in  the  list  of  Foundation  Fellowst 
or  Memhres  FondaUurs,  HXH.  Constan- 
tino Nicolaevitst'b,  Grand  Duke  of  Russia ; 
H,1,H.  Ferdinand  Maximilian,  Archduke 
of  Austria;  Sir  Henry  Barkly,  Governor 
of  Victoria  j  C^unt  Vitaliano  Borromeo, 
Grand'C  of  Spain  and  Senator  of  Sardinia  j 
Count  Vladimir  de  Bro&l- Plater  at  Dtim- 
browltza,  Minsk;  Mr.  John  H.  Wilder 
Cosby,  Advocate,  Abbey -lodge,  Ireland  ^ 
George  Granville,  Earl  of  Ell*?«mcre,  Lon- 
don; George  Fair,  M,D.,  FJi.C.S.,  Uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh;  Ivan  J,  Foundou- 
klei,  Controller-General  of  Poland ;  Mr, 
Edward  A.  Hopkins,  United  States*  Consul 
in  Paraguay;  Mr.  William  H.  Hudson, 
United  States'  Consul  at  Buenos  Ayres ; 
Count  Stanishis  Kosaakowski,  Preaidi-nt  of 
the  Heraldic  Cliamber  of  Poland;  Don 
Juan  Mariano  Ltirsen,  Professor  in  the 
University  of  Buenos  Ay  res  j   Frederick 


1861.] 


Society  of  Antiquaries  of  Scotland. 


17S 


Maeller,  Prcwidetit  of  the  Royal  Society  of 
Victoria;  Rnja  Prat^pa  Chniitlni  SinUu 
Bahftdoor,  Biikpanlh,  Bengal ;  Buboo  Ba- 
jendr^l  Mitra,  secretary  to  tht)  Asiatic 
Society  of  Bengal ;  Ifpnioda  Scarpa,  Consul 
of  Benmark,  Fiume  ;  Nicolas  C»  Schutb, 


Con  Bill -C*<?Deral  of  DetiBiarlc^  Chili ;  Sir 
Williitm  Foster  StawL»ll,  Chief  Jiistice,  Vic- 
toria ;  Jonathan  Binns  Were*  Danish  Con- 
sul, Melbonme ;  and  Sjoerd  Wtarda,  Con- 
sul of  tbe  Netbtsrlazids,  Btumos  Ayras. 


SOCIETY  OF  AlN^TIQUARIES  OE  SCOTLAND, 


June  10,  Lord  KEirEa  in  the  chair. 

Lt^rd  Binning  and  Mr.  Adolph  Robinow 
were  elected  Fellows. 

Mr.  Stuart  reported  that  the  rcfpairs  on 
the  curious  '*  Burg"  of  Moujsa  had  now 
been  completed  ;  that  some  discoveries  hud 
been  made  in  the  course  of  doing  so, 
which  would  be  conimnnicat<?<l  more  spect* 
fiddly  hereafter ;  and  that  the  fabric  was 
DOW  reported  to  be  in  such  a  state  as  to 
give  promise  of  itii  permaDency  aa  a  com- 
plete speciinen  of  the  class  to  which  it 
beloDged.  He  also  adverted  to  the  pro* 
priety  of  obtaining  a  model  of  the  "  Btirjj^' 
for  the  Museum. 

On  tbe  sDg^ge«tion  of  Mr.  Joseph 
Robertaon,  a  committee  was  appointed 
with  the  view  of  promoting  subscriptions 
for  the  restoration  of  the  City  Cross* 

The  following  eommumcationa  were 
read: — 

I.  Historical  Notices  of  Baigticad,  in 
Horny,  with  tbe  result  of  recent  excava- 
ttons  made  there.  By  Mr.  James  Mac- 
donaldp  Academy «  Elgin.  The  writer  ga?e 
a  picture  of  the  situation  of  Burghead,  and 
the  surrounding  country,  which  had  pro- 
bably indueneed  the  early  HettliTs  in  its 
aalectioo,  and  then  described  the  many 
different  classes  of  antiquities  which  have 
•it  yarioui  times  been  found  in  the  walls 
and  fortifications  of  this  site,  such  as 
bults  sculptured  on  stone  flag«,  fra^^ents 
of  »culptared  crosses,  a  coin  of  Alfred,  a 
silver  ring«  supposed  to  have  been  the  rim 
of  a  horn,  and  quantities  of  human  bones. 
Aecent  excavations,  organized  by  the 
Literary  and  Scientific  Society  of  Elgin, 
have  led  to  the  discovery  of  well-built 
walis>  formed  of  quarried  and  partially 
dreaseil  freestone,  with  occasional  Inser- 
tious  of  oaken  beams,  and  thereby  asusted 
Mr.  Macdoitatd  in  retN>nflt meting  the  plan 
of  the  old  fortifications.     The  paper  gave 


full  particulars  of  the  well,  sometimes 
called  a  Ronmn  bath,  and,  after  ejtutnin- 
ing  the  opinions  of  diflerent  writ*Ts,  and 
the  evidence  of  the  Sagas  and  ScottUh 
Chronicler,  and  u  classificiitionof  the  anti- 
quities under  the  hesid  of  Pictiah,  Eoclesi* 
ostical,  Scandinavian,  and  Pogt-niedioi'  nl, 
the  writer  stated  bis  own  eonclnsiona.  Ho 
gave  abundant  reasons  for  dtscartiing  the 
recent  opinion  that  Burghead  had  been  a 
Roman  station,  but  sugf^e»ted  that  it  hud 
been  occupied  at  an  early  date  as  the  site 
of  one  of  those  structures  so  common  on 
the  opposite  shores  of  the  Aloray  Firtb 
and  in  Orkney  and  Shetlaud,  and  known 
as  "Burgs;"  that  it  bad  afterwiirds  be- 
come a  Christian  settlement  at  the  time 
when  the  missionaries  of  tbe  new  faltb 
were  issuing  forth  from  their  lonely  cells 
at  lona,  and  proclaiming  the  tiiiib  of 
Christ  along  the  shores  of  the  maiuiand 
and  in  the  wild  glens  of  the  Highlands  j 
and  that  afterwards  it  was  seized  and 
ruined  by  the  Danish  rovers,  and  con- 
Vfrted  into  a  fortress  suitable  for  their  own 
purposes.  Tlie  paper  concluded  with  the 
charter  hif*tory  of  the  district  from  ita 
first  appearance  on  record*  skilfully  pre- 
pared by  Mr,  Robert  Youngs  of  Elgin.  It 
was  illustrated!  by  exquisite  drawiugs  of 
the  sculptured  stones  and  other  antiquities^ 
many  of  which  were  eiecuted  by  Lady 
Dunbar,  of  Dntfus;  and,  by  tbe  kind  per- 
mission of  the  Dowujjer  Lady  Dick  Lauderj 
the  curious  silver  ring  already  referred  to, 
and  the  coin  of  Alfred,  were  eitbibitoiL 

Proff8§or  Innes»  whose  local  knowledge 
enabknl  him  to  illustrate  and  confir^n  the 
statements  tn  the  paper,  made  various 
remarks  iu  tbe  course  of  it«  reading, 

Mr.  Stuart,  iu  adverting  to  the  value 
and  interest  of  Mr.  Macdouald's  paper, 
stated  that  he  thought  the  writer  bad 
beau  virv  fortunate  in  the  destruction  of 


174 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Aug. 


tbe  theory  which  attriboted  the  remains 
to  Koman  hand*,  and  that  the  excavations 
described  hail  been  of  preat  a«e  ic  adding 
to  the  mat«-rial«  f^r  forming  an  (opinion 
aa  to  their  real  aathor*.  It  appeared 
to  him  that  the  upturning  and  removal 
of  the  original  materials  had  b^n  so 
great  that  it  was  almost  impiasible  now 
to  speak  with  contldtrnce  as  to  their  ori- 
ginal disposition.  The  suggestion  that  a 
"  Bur^"  had  originally  occupied  the  pro- 
montory was  new  and  ingmioiis,  but  he 
was  hardly  prepan-d  to  acivpt  it — at  least 
tbe  occurrence  of  quarried  and  partially 
dressed  freestone  ci>uld  hardly  W  lookeii 
for  in  such  a  structure,  judging  from  the 
materials  of  our  primitive  forts  in  Soot- 
Und,  and  rather  pointed  to  a  later  and 
liferent  use.  He  pointed  out  the  occur- 
rence of  sculptured  fragments  at  "  Dinna- 
cur,**  now  an  isolateil  rock  near  S^tone- 
baven,  but  probably  in  early  times  the 
pcnnt  of  a  peninsula,  like  Bnrghead,  as  had 
been  shewn  by  Mr.  Thompson  of  Ban- 
cbory ;  and  referred  to  this  and  other  siiiti- 
lar  plaoM  on  tbe  cuast  as  sites  chosen 
by  tbe  early  Cbriftian  missionariea,  and 
which  may  have  been  selected  firom  their 
beng  fortified,  or  secure  by  n  iture. 

II.  Notice  of  Recent  Excavations  at 
Tormore,  in  tbe  Island  of  Arran,  in  a 
Letter  fnm  Dr.  Jamieaon,  Glencloy,  Arran, 
to  Dr.  Aft  bur  IGtcbell,  Corr.  Mem.  S.A. 
8eot.  Thew  excaYatioos  were  made  in 
drcks  of  stooei  commonly  called  "  Dm- 
ifieal,'*  with  tbe  view  of  ascirrtaining  if 
tke  dcponta  wludi  have  been  found  in 
in  other  parts  of  Scot- 
be  (bond  bei«  also.  Tbe 
I  began  at  tbiee  large  stones  form- 
ing part  of  a  eiide  of  nine.  Here,  in  tbe 
MHtot  of  the  ciivle*  was  fbond  a  stone 
dbl»  aad  in  it  an  am.  A  second  cist  was 
in  anotber  drde,  of  which  all  tbe 
I  m  pioatrate  except  one  pillar  of 
fifteen  feet  in  bright ;  and  to  tbe 
wt  of  tUs  cist  another  was  found  eorenrd 
bj  n  dib  of  great  weight,  and  enclosing  tbe 
■knit  and  other  bones  of  a  human  skeleton. 
Tbrst  fiint  anow-beads  wetv  found  in  iMte 
of  tbe  data,  and  in  the  next  an  urn  and 


two  arrow-heails.  Both  the  nms  were  of 
the  nidt^sT  const  ruction. 

Mr.  Stuart  <>a:d  that  the  resnlts  in  the 
present  instance  w^re  the  same  as  had  at- 
tendeil  digginirs  about  circles  in  other 
parts  of  Sititlaiid.  In  almost  all  dbea 
sepulchral  dei>«Kits  had  been  found,  and 
he  was  not  aware  of  a  sinj:le  fact  wbi«4i 
went  to  support  the  modem  theory  that 
these  stones  were  temples,  or  that  the 
Druids  hail  any  connection  with  them, 
or.  he  might  add,  to  shew  that  there  ever 
were  Druids  in  Scotland. 

In  announcing  numerous  donations,  tbe 
Secretary  adverted  sf^ciaU>  to  tbe  great 
inten'st  of  the  gold  ornament  presented 
by  Mr.  Sim  of  Coulter,  from  his  valuable 
collection  of  Lanarkshire  antiquities,  of 
which  the  Mu.<eum  had  no  other  speci- 
men. He  also  po'nted  out,  as  valu:ible 
and  interesting,  the  bronze  mirror  and 
other  bronze  relics  pni-sented  by  the  Kev. 
George  Murray,  of  Balmaclellan,  and  ex- 
pressed his  belief  that  careful  obwrvation 
would  probably  lead  to  many  "  finds"  in 
italloway,  which  was  a  district  full  of 
primiti\-e  remans,  in  many  cases  little 
disturbed. 

Mr.  Laimr  called  attention  to  tbe  beau- 
tif  .1  !&pur  found  on  the  farm  of  Croftside, 
near  Bannockbum.  now  exhibited  by  Mrs. 
Brown,  of  l^u-k,  its  owner,  through  the 
Rev.  Dr.  Fowler,  F  S.A.  Scot.,  Ratbo; 
and  added  tliat  he  was  authorized  to  pre- 
sent it  to  the  Museum. 

Casts  of  two  remi&rkable  slabs  at  Kirk- 
madrine,  parish  of  Stoneykirk,  Wigton- 
sbire,  made  by  Mr.  Henry  Laing.  were 
exhibited.  On  the  face  of  each  of  them 
is  a  Latin  inscription,  in  a  style  of  letters 
reftnnhling  thi^tfe  on  the  Uomano- British 
slabs  in  W'ali-s,  surmounted  by  a  small 
cn^M  of  (xvultar  character,  and  altoisether 
different  fKnn  the  general  type  of  Scotch 
CToawiL  Or.e  of  them  rvcords  that  hero 
lie  Vi vent  ins  and  Mavi  rins,  "  Sacerdotea 
sanoti  et  pnc^*-pu*i.**  These  slalis  are  of 
the  very  highest  interest,  and  no  doubt 
will  provoke  the  historical  inquiries  which 
their  iKVurren^v  in  this  locality  requires. 


186L] 


l7o 


SUFFOLK  INSTITUTE  OF  ARCHAEOLOGY  AKD  KATUEAL 

HISTORY. 


Jtii^  4.  Tbo  fummer  peripatetic  meet* 
ing  of  tbe  Society  took  place  under  the 
pnstitlency  of   tbe   Reir«  LOBD  ASTB17& 

The  church  of  Greftt  Snxliam  was  the 
rendccvotifl,  where  a  paper  writteD  by  the 
RcY*  H«  K.  Creed,  the  carate,  whb  read 
by  Mr.  Tymms,  the  Hon,  Secretary,  de- 
acHhitig  the  various  j»irtieulars  of  Inter  eat 
in  the  bailding .  Among  the  iDost  note- 
worthy M  the  stained  glaa«,  chiefly  in  me> 
didlioQii,  brought  from  Einsiedlen^  in  Switx- 
erbind,  by  tbe  hite  WUliam  Milk,  Esq., 
and  filling  the  east  and  a  part  of  one  of 
the  north  windows,  *rhia  ghtis,  the 
greater  i»ortion,  if  not  nil,  uf  which  ii  the 
work  of  German  arthit«  at  tbe  beginning 
of  the  sixteenth  century «  well  repitys  a 
eorcfiil  eKainination.  Tbe  bunt  and  brass 
of  John  Kldred,  the  merchant,  wbo  died 
in  1632*  also  excited  greftt  interest. 

At  DenhAni  Castle,  to  which  the  party 
next  proceeded,  the  survey  of  certain 
grassy  moulds  and  emhankments  sur- 
ronnded  by  a  broad  ditch,  the  greater  part 
of  which  is  dry,  was  mude  extremely  In* 
teresting  by  the  tnformution  which  Mr. 
Harrod,  F.8.A.,  of  the  Norfolk  Archaeolo- 
gical Institute,  gave  roipccting  the  pkn 
up'>n  which  they  and  mtuiy  other  of  the 
ancient  castles  in  this  part  of  Engknil 
have  been  constructed.  These  strongholds, 
it  waa  stated,  were  originally  the  forts  of 
aboriginal  Britons,  and  consisted  of  a  cir* 
culaT  keep,  formed  by  a  high  earthwork 
•nd  moat,  adjacent  to  which  was  an  in- 
dosiire  of  an  irregular  horse^shoe  form, 
also  made  by  an  embankment  and  dttch, 
in  which  the  occupants  of  the  fort  were 
aociiatoined  to  collect  and  preserve  their 
cattle  when  threatened  by  an  euemy — a 
plan  still  adopted,  as  was  stated  by  a  mem- 
ber of  Uk;  Society,  by  the  natives  of  some 
parts  of  India,  Tbe  only  access  to  tlie 
cattle  Slid  castle  meadow  was  by  a  cause- 
wsiii?  over  the  moat,  at  its  remoter  end,  a 
siunliir  entrance  connecting  tbe  two  ports 
of  the  fortifications.  Other  outlying 
works  w«r«  also  added  in  several  iui»tiinee«, 
«a  was  shewn  by  a  number  of  interesting 


plans  of  castles  exhibited  by  Mr.  Harrod. 
The  original  ttmctures  have  in  neariy 
every  case  been  uted  by  the  Normans, 
wbo  have  added  defences  easily  distin- 
guished by  the  stralghtTieas  of  their  lines, 
and  have  erected  upon  them  massive  walla 
of  riint  and  stone. 

The  thank  a  of  the  Society  arc  due  to 
Mr.  W.  Hulls,  for  having  excavated  and 
displiiyed  a  part  of  the  Norman  tower 
which  once  flunked  the  outer  entrance  to 
the  works  nl  Denhiim.  In  Denham  Church, 
among  other  oVtjectri  of  interest,  was  the 
very  Wautiful  toiub,  erected  by  his  widow, 
to  Edward  Lew  ken  or,  one  of  the  former 
possessors  of  the  hall,  whose  death,  at  the 
age  of  21  years,  is  recorded  in  an  elegant 
and  touching  inacnption,  and  whose  only 
child  cmrried  the  estate  to  the  first  Via- 
count  Trjwnshend,  his  widow  aftorwarda 
marrying  the  famous  Dr-Ganden^  of  Bury 
school  aiul  Ikon  BaMilike  notoriety.  After 
partaking  of  a  C4ipital  Innelieon  at  Denhani 
Hall,  provided  by  the  liberMil  ho»pitality  of 
Mr.  Fred.  Hulls,  the  eompiiny  drove  on^ 
now  urihiippily  In  a  heavy  rain,  to  Kirt- 
liug  Tower,  a  fine  Tndor  gate-houae. 
Here,  afi er  ascending  to  the  state  hedrootiip 
onc^  honoured  by  the  presence  of  Queen 
Elizabeth,  and  to  the  leads,  where,  we  aro 
told,  the  future  Queen  was  wont  to  take 
the  air,  tbe  party  listened  with  great  plea- 
sure to  a  paper  read  by  the  Itev.  W.  X. 
Clutvasiie,  the  Incumbent,  in  which  was 
set  forth  the  past  connection  of  Kirtling 
with  the  North  family,  and  the  glories  of 
the  bouse  when  Queen  Eliiabeth  in  one 
of  her  progresses  was  entertained  there 
with  royal  mBgnificenoe.  A  second  refec- 
tion was  here  a^t  o«it  by  order  of  Col, 
North,  the  present  o«m«r  of  the  es'ate, 
which,  however,  was  to  ihe  majority  super- 
fluous. Kirtling  Church  whs  atso  in- 
spected, a  lofty  and  ipoctous  building,  con- 
taining on  its  sooth  side  a  magniliccnt 
doorway  of  early  Norman,  in  the  finest 
prfservation.  In  the  chancel,  which  ia 
equal  in  width  to  the  nave  and  aisles,  aro 
thfi  monmuetits  of  the  deceased  ancestora 
of  tbe  present  proprietora  of  the  hall,  in- 


76 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Inteliigejicer, 


[Aug. 


clii^ng  ft  Teiy  befttitifU  bMK>-reHevo  bu^ 
of  Mftrift  North,  tlie  fini  wtf«  of  the 
iNDtk  MBrquu  of  But«,  and  a  tabWt  to 
tlbft  Diemorf  of  her  hiwbuid,  whot»  bodj 
WW  faroQfbt  to  Kirtlitif:  at  hii  desire,  to 
be  kid  by  ber  «ide.  Mr.  CbaTft!«««  read 
here  the  retnaimler  of  bi«  paper,  indndiii^ 
aa  aecfMUil  of  tbe  deada  faj  wbicb  MMQe  of 
tboia  by  vboae  tomba  be  flood  haYe 
gamed  a  pbee  in  tbe  luekorj  of  tbeir 
vmataj,  Hm  dnorah  and  caalle  at  L/d- 
gate  coadndedthaBrt  of  olycUaet  down 
fa  tbe  daj^  progmnttie.  At  Ljdgate, 
llie  wmX  and  eartbworks  are  oa  a  much 


larger  wait  tbaa  at  Denbam,  tb«  boive* 
aboe  enckting  the  site  of  the  cborcb,  aad 
an  additkmal  Un«  of  delinfle  nmnix^^  to 
tbe  aootbward.  Tbe  dionA  ia  perbapa 
moat  ndewortb J  for  tooie  vetj  good  earl j 
Decorated  work.  Here  again  the  party 
were  treated  with  tbe  aamc  opoKhsiMkd 
boBpitaEty  wfaicfa  they  bad  alveadj  twm 
expericDoed  in  the  ptaoea  wbiob  ibey  had 
viaited,  and  tbe  nu^cifity  of  tlian  wound 
up  the  proceedinga  of  a  vvry  plaaaant  and 
ioatmctiTe  kog  day  by  tbe  parta^ng  of 
teft  and  o»ifiee»  provided  at  tbe  raotoij  by 
the  Ber.  IL  H.  OiTCb 


YORKSHIRE  PHILOSOPHICiX  SOCIETT. 

Jmme  4.  W.  Faoctkb»  Esq.,  in  tbe  chair,  wbetvaa  that  now  Ibond^aa  fio^  aa  eoobi  be 

Mr.  Hatatltinii,  of  Coaey  street,  and  Mr.  aacertained,  waa  only  tbne  or  foor  feet 

Ball,  of  CotliergBtCh  York,  were  admitted  tbidc    Tbe  Booan  wall  pnjected  abimt 

aaaoaatw.  n  fool  b^ottd  tbe  inner  Incw  of  tbe  dty 

Wmiui  Gnf  .  &i^  gftTo  an  aeoonnt  of  wall,  and  tbe  kUar  did  not  ival  npon  tbe 

a  wie^ofaaitiqinitica  of  ft  miacelluieous  top  of  tbe  RonMOi  wal^  tbera  being  two  or 

ifcniM<ig,wbidibebidrecemly<^aeoTered  tbivefteinf earib mtervwi^.    Mr.Qnj 

-  wialBlflBiTjiaigeBaB^'*£gging^onbia  next  remaibed  npon  Ifce  ronaina  uf  n 

pawpOTtyadjoiBuig  tbe  waQi  wear  t»  Monk  bniUia^  wtteb  kd  been  fbond  at  a  diK 

Bar,  and  on  tbe  ste  klelj  oenipied  by  Innca  of  n  Ibw  feel  from  tbe  ittner  face  of 

.  KMy»un'ii—nlij>  Theae  antlqnitke  bad  tbe  natpart  wbL  Tbe  walk  of  tbk  bmbl. 

ban  tewnded  to  tbe  M naenm^  and  ^07  iivw«mnnnMilhiypbHlfliwd,nndwitbin 

were  egbSbited  to  Ibe  meabera  pr  MMit.  Ibe  ^nttaoi  w«e  iwrfl  pertiaae  of  tbe 

Mmm^  tboB  we(%  n  tile  in  an  iaiperlbel  plailiwnd  floor  in  a  weiy  ^aQpnd  atale.  At 

linle^wttiilbenMwkoflbeSixaL^kn;  om  nd  of  tbe  btfUiav  iiwaiM  iif  fliiiai 

■Mi  pottery ;  boma  of  Ibe  mebnek  and  of  digging  akng  Ibe  vie  of  Ibe  naifaiwnll 

tbe  wki  m  pitee  qf  wond^  wilb  a  tmumJtf  be  fonnd  a  tHe  drain,  wUdd  bad  ben 

teaed  nnH  er  ^ike  dmvn  nito  H,  and  fl 


I  of  caiiyiog^ 


i^cily« 


» wna  no  tnwe  of  aaor  bat^ 


lean  taiad  m  a  difilb  of  fllWH 
IV  lieMflN%aMi  apoQ  Ibe  A 
tiMiii     Be  attMd  tbai  be  ^ 


fcilni%btben 
teted 
Mft  gain  of  tka  city. 
t  kwnaet  bf  Ibe  fed 


■  alni 

blakl^w^pasdllneftiw  lb<lii>nw>tw< 

adgHiV**^^**'^   TWtnai*  nfnllM  ipeL    %  Ibe  ^d  ef  n  dnwinf 

Itadf  Mnr  W  wbetf  tbt  aactttm.  Mnenlii  ly  1I>>  B.  B.  SWIb»  of  Ibia  ctljr» 

pinei  k  f«t7  diflkm  to  Ibnl  Mr.  Oiiy  wm  mikd  Ibn  beOar  to  ci* 

wmlb  — i  Mde  of  Menk  Btnr,  fkinlbedfanafltaref  tbe«malMate& 

-  -*^n1  iiiw  ftn  111  rbifliiM.  badbMMd^ 


IMl.] 


Yorkshire  Philosophical  Societt/, 


177 


The  Rev.  J,  Kerifick  »3iid  that  they  were 
indt'ht«Hl  to  Mr.  Gray  for  the  greftt  p&ins 
he  hiicl  taken  in  carrying^  on  the  e^cava- 
tion<«,  and  in  bringing  t^)  ]iirht  stj  many  m- 
tercit'ing  remainfl.  Ho  ha<(  hb  douhts 
whether  the  stones  state^l  by  Mf.  Gmy  to 
hnve  been  proji^ctiles  were  rt-ally  missilea 
of  that  description.  A  larger  stone,  on© 
▼«ry  much  of  the  same  form  as  those  dis- 
covered by  Mr.  Gray,  had  been  found  at 
thi;  bottom  of  the  Rom  an  house  which 
stood  at  the  comer  of  Aldtrark.  Such 
■lonM  had  been  used  as  a  means  of  mur- 
tvrdom  of  Chr^atiiins  at  Ronie,  by  tying 
ihem  round  the  necks  of  the  converts  and 
Ihrowing  them  into  the  Til>er.  It  was 
difficult  to  know  whut  these  stones  had 
been  designed  for,  Thi*y  inipht  have  been 
tised  as  wcightSj  and  he  th  ugiit  the  snb< 
J6ct  WHS  one  requiring  furtlier  investi- 
gRtion. 

Tlic  Rev,  J.  Kenritk,  F.S.A,,  then  made 
the  following  remarks  resjiecting  souie  an- 
aent  sepulchral  rcmiiins  which  were  re- 
cently found  on  the  Mount : — 

"  The  tabtet  of  which  I  exhibit  a  draw- 
ing  was  found  in  exc^avliting  tor  the  fonn- 
daiiona  of  a  house  at  the  Mount,  and  wa« 
I»nilwbly  erected  on  the  lefs-hand  Hide  of 
the  road  leading  from  Eburiictim  to  ChI- 
Cftria.  It  was  buried  at  a  (Wptli  id'  l>e- 
tweea  three  and  four  feet.  It  it*  part  of 
a  inonnnient  rais^'d  by  Q*  Corellius  Fnrtis, 
to  the  memory  of  hiM  ditnghter,  Corel lia 
Optaia,  who  died  at  the  age  of  thirteen. 
When  perf»^t»  it  hud  iit  the  top  a  sunlp- 
tur*d  figure,  ot  whith  now  only  tite  feet 
rvtiinin,  lite  inscription  reads  us  foU 
kmra: — 

*[!).]  M. 

Corcllia  Optattf«  Ami.  xUi. 
>tl  >t&Dfk,  qui  rcfua  Acberufls  Ditit 
iLiti».  quoA  parva  petuDl  pm\  tumina  rite 
KilgQua  «uu«  c't  nniiulAcmm  corporis  ambra 
latontU  (TOAtie ;  ircnitor.  »pe  eaptu«  Jiuiqua, 
Bnpreutum  banc  nat«D  iniH;randu»  defleu  ttaiia, 

Q.  Cote.  Forti*  Pater  F.  C 

''Inscriptions  in  verae  are  very  rare 
■mong  the  Roman  remains  in  Britain. 
Mr.  timce  haji  given  some,  found  on  th^ 
Itne  of  liadrian'd  Widl.  hut  they  are  not 
settulc^^^ral,  Th<>«f  on  our  tablet,  though 
not  of  any  hi^h  pOL'tleal  merit,  ar<!  regular 
and  snitjMtth  in  vor^i  Unit  ion.  The  rmmes 
CorelliMS  Hud  C«  reUla  veiy  n  Idoni  occur  in 
l4itin  iiiscTiptiuTis.  t'orellins  Punwi  ap- 
pears ill  Gr  liter  (IW)  as  Consul  (a.u.  I:^:^), 
BWi  iUtTi'llmn  and  Corilluo  ani  found  in 
UM»t.  Mao.  Vol.  Ct XT 


^g--- 


I        BaigtJ 


two  other  ins  ripHons,  The  daught^T  of 
the  houi?e  usually  hore  the  feminine  lorm 
of  the  URnie  of  t\ie  p^-ttji,  the  s  cond  of  the 
three  wiiich  belong*  d  to  a  genuine  Ro  i  an. 
Ilins  the  ilatighttT  of  Q.  Corellius  Fortis 
was  Cc>rellitt,  as  the  daughter  of  P,  Cor- 
nel ius  Scipio  wiifl  Conieliii,  the  naoth*  r  of 
the  Grncchi,  and  the  daughter  of  M.  Tul- 
liu9  Cicero  was  TnlUoln.  Optntus  and 
Optata  an^  cominoii  In  inscriptions  ».  The 
third  naii^e  was  often  givi'U  to  n  ark  a 
personal  circunistaT»ce,  and  0|.»tjitn!i,  b^-ing 
a  word  of  good  omen,  was  likely  to  bo  a 
faTOurite, 

''The  letters  DM.,  for  'Diis  Mambus/ 
stand  oomnQonly  on  sepulchral  tablets, 
sometimes  connected  with  a  genitive  case 
of  the  name  which  follows ;  more  com- 
nionly  tinconnected,  I  he  ii  ftcription  hsgin- 
ning  witli  a  dative,  as  in  the  narcophugna 
in  the  Uospitium,  '  D.M.  Aiirelio  8uj)ei"o/ 
The  least  eoinmon  fnrm  is  that  which  h 
found  on  our  tabled  the  itiime  being  in 
the  nominative  ca^**.  It  ij*  not  Qn»y  to 
fix  the  pr^'cise  idea  which  the  Honnins 
annexed  to  the  name  of  Manett*  It  in  s^ald 
to  signify  goo4  or  kind ;  hence  w*e  have 
in  an  iowription,  Di  Mane»^  mttneai  *itis, 

*  be  prtvpitiouB  or  fnvonrable/  the  title 
having  been  given  to  them  notwithstand- 
ing their  stern  and  ghotny  dinriietcr,  in 
the  «anie  way  as  the  Grteka  called  tho 
Fnrie«,  Eunieni<1e«, '  benevolent  goddcj^sea* 
The  genir:iil  conceiition  of  them  appears 
to  luve  l>een  tint  of  dipejiibodied  spirits, 
either  waiting  tor  re-union  with  a  human 
body,  MCftfrdiiig  to  the  Pytbagon  an  no- 
tion of  TrjinsmigTHtion;  or  in  a  st^iteof  un- 
conaciou^ntsfi,  from  which  they  might  b© 
brought  to  canMMoiiHneM  by  iim|,'ic  ritea 
or  siaeriliceH  of  blood  ;  or  undergoing  jmri- 
ficiition  from  tlie  stains  of  their  tarthly 
exif^ienco;  which  Hccms  to  be  Virgil's  con- 
ception  when    he    mak<»   Anehises    say, 

•  tiuiecjue  suos  pntiitmr  manes,  Donee  kuiga 
dies,  perJecto  temporis  orbe^  Concretum 
excrait  hibein.*  Vagueness,  as  might  be 
expected,  chioncterlzes  the  conceiJtinn  of 
H  state  which  is  beyond  the  ci)gttij£,imee 
of  the  sensfs.  In  our  inscrij-tion  the  nttrt»e 
seems  to  wbmd  for  the  Inljahitunts  of  the 
nnseen  world,  width  is  naturully  identified 
with  the  earth, so  that  while  the  e«rth  re- 
eeivod  the  inaterial  rcnmms,  the  esiguuM 
cini*i  the  baiidful  of  ashes,  the  spirit  joined 
the  manes,  in  their  iuvi»ible  abode. 

"  The  author  of  tho  inscriptlnn  appears 
to  have  been  a  reader  of  the  I^Htiu  pt^'ts, 
as  there  are  trace*  of  the  iniitation  of  their 
phraseology.  I  do  not  recollect  the  cpitbet 


•  Sea  Meyer's  Anihol.  Latin.,  No.  \U% 
j*tcv  OiiUtu»,  picuti*  Dut)lU»  inftuifc/* 


Hie 


fkliquarian  and  Literary  Inlelliffencef, 


'  eecr»'fci*e!»ewhpre  sa  applipd  to  tlie  nmrtes, 
but  thcTV  are  others  aniilogous  to  it,  as 
Virpl  (Oeorg.  K  243),  spwikin^  of  the 
antarctic  pole,  says  :-- 

^nt  ilium 
Bab  pedibas  Styx  atr«  ridet  manesquc  profiindL* 

kn^iMn,  iv.  387)  Dido  thiMSRtcns  J:»»«m: 
*  Aadiom ;  et  tisec  man  en  reniet  mihi  fainA  fob 

"  '  Secreti'  tberefore  w^ems  to  meiin,  con- 
eedled  froni  eight,  invisible.  Tbia  flenac  ia 
more  probftbl*?  than  that  of  'separated 
from  the  body.*  The?  phrase  *regtia  Ache- 
ruHia  Ditiff'  rcmiDdg  us  of  Lucrt'tiiia,  in 
whom  *  Aoherusia  tempU*  occurs  more  Ihan 
once.  In  tln^  next  line  the  phmse  '  pan'a 
po«t  luniina  vitaj*  can  sciircely  mean  any- 
thing but  '  afttr  a  few  days  of  life/  The 
use  of  *  pan* a'  for  *  pauca/  would  be  hard 
to  justify  by  clnissicjit  example^i  but  Ltic&n*a 
c^tpT(J*^ii<  tis  {Phars.  iv.  47G), — 
'  Libera  boii  uUrm  parvii  qunm  noctft  JQTctitiaA  * 

and  (vi.  806).— 

*  —nee  gloria  parvn 
Solicitot  vlLaj,'— 

■hew  a  teiidenry  to  Uio  *pnn*UB'  in  the 
B  iise  of  f-hort,  whirh  inny  cjcplain  ita  nae 
fia  applied   to   the   sbort   life  of  Opfcata. 

*  Lamina  vit«'  iu  a  VirjjiHiin  phrase  for 
1 1  fe.  *  S  ii  u  n  hRTum  eorpn  ris  u  ni  bra*  reTiilnds 
us  again  nf  Luctetiua  (i,  123),  or  rather  of 
Ktiniys^  who  thus  described  tlie  Biate  of 
the  dead : — 

*  QuoitequtpcnQonetit  anixnir  ne^  corpora  noAtrii, 
Sed  quondam  dmuljcrAf  mixli*  [lallentja  iniriB.' 

And  Virgil  has  borrowed  the  same  phrn«e 
fi  om  Ennina,  in  the  first  ticor^ic,  u  177, 
It  Bi'eifB  rather  harsh  to  jay  of  the  ashes,, 
m  well  a»  of  the  shade,  that  they  go  to 
(jietunt)  tbe  manes,  but  I  bavo  before  ob- 
iiervt*tl  rbat  the  material  earth  and  the 
spiritual  world  are  hlendt-d  together.  In 
the  foUowing  line,  *  Geiiitor  i^e  captus 
iniqua*  is  a  variation  upon  Vir^jiri  'spe 
cjiptuK  Inanl/  (^n.  xh  49,)  and  not  an  im- 
prtJveiKent,  aa  *captuB*  (deceived)  Is  more 
uppropriat*?ly  joined  with  the  epithet 
'empty/  thim  with  *  hnr^h*  or  cnieU' 
though  *  iniqua*  u*nif  have  i>eQii  osed  to 
denote  how  tlie  father*!*  sorrow  had  been 
ag.:ravated  by  his  previoua  bopea.  The 
vai'  ation  of  B|ii'lHng  *  gnatie'  in  the  fourth 
line,  and  *  niita»'  in  the  last,  is  remarkable* 
■mee  both  are  tqually  classical,  and  both 
ef|ually  tnlt'd  to  tite  metre, 

*•  Among  the  other  remains  found  in 
the  same  spot,  the  imwit  retmirkable  are 
the  feeding-bottle,   and  the    gUi^s   vase. 


which,  when  found,  was  bnU  filled  with 
bones,  possibly  tho*e  of  Corellia,  Vesaela 
of  glass  were  often  used  f--  *'  '  ^P*  * 
A  very  elegant  diota  of  .  I  all 

GeldesFtone,  in  Norfolk,  h  -.  - .  1  and! 
figured  in  tite  sixth  volume  ot  the  Archa^l 
ologicul  Journal,  where  severHl  other  ex- 1 
ample*  of  similur  vestiela  are  mcntioned^l 
one  found  at  Koiighani,  near  Bury  St.  Ed*| 
munds,  of  which  an  aeeount  was  pu>ili>h44] 
by  the  late  lamented  P^foiior  Henslow,  f 
and  another  at  Aihby  Puerorum*  in  I  jn  J 
colnsbire,  d*'S<Tibed  by  Sir  Jotteph  BaTika] 
(ArthaxiL  xii.  96)  We  have  a  very  large  J 
vase,  with  angular  sides,  in  ease  K.,  iu  thai 
Hospitium,  but  it  is  much  fmetured.  Thel 
bandies  of  th**se  vase*  are  reeded,  to  ^vd] 
a  firmer  hold  of  the  smooth  matetial.^ 
From  the  Abb^  Cnchet'a  yormnmiie  S^m* 
terrain^}  we  learn  that  the  Boinan  ceine* 
teries  nf  NormaiuU*  contain  glaas  unBsl 
one  of  them,  fi*iured  in  his  b*a>k,  p.  8tS,f 
was  hulf  filled  with  bones,  which  sliU  »p*| 
pear  in  it,  And  at  p.  104  itTvrttI  otli 
forms  are  given. 

"  Fii  regard  to  the  age  of  the  intermenttl 
at  the  Moutit  it  is  dlffictdt  tos  y  anythtug  I 
predse.  The  practice  of  cremation  geue-j 
raUy  ceased  about  the  age  ol  Con»t>«iutine;l 
they  are  not,  therefore,  later  than  thai  I 
Emperor,  The  form  of  the  letters,  and  | 
the  unmeroua  ligatores,  lead  me  to  «np- 
pose  that  It  is  of  the  third  century  aft<jr  J 
Chriat.  Some  of  the  vases  of  clay  liavo  1 
been  used  to  contain  aabe^^;  otheM  of| 
them  are  clearly  articles  of  household  uais, 
\Vhence  the  custom  of  placing  such  vni>e«] 
1m  sepulchre*  arrise,  antiquaries  arc  not  ] 
agreed.  It  has  been  thought  tbat  tbt;y  J 
contained  food  for  the  suBtenauee  of  the  ] 
dect'ssed,  when  he  entered  on  the  o^her  | 
world.  The  most  probable  opinion,  how- 
ever, 1  think  is,  that  the  feeling  which  I 
has  led  to  the  burying  of  ves^iets  of  pottery  | 
ha»  l>een  a  des«ire  to  surround  the  decea^Hl  | 
with  objects  associated  with  his  domc^iic  ( 
affictions.  To  this  desire  the  antiquary  j 
owef  the  preservation  of  many  intes  exiiog  j 
and  instructive  relicts  from  the  spl*  ndid  \ 
va*es  of  Greere  arn\  Sicily,  Campnnln  and  j 
Etruria,  to  the  humbler  vesa^bi  which  ar«  j 
fouud  in  British  and  Komati  S4-ptUchrtMi." 

After  the  customary  votes  of  thanks  had 
been  accorded,  the  Chairman  sinid  thttt  «ho  j 
present  w.  uhl  be  the  last  meeting  uhich] 
the  Society  would  hold  until  Octtiljer  next,  ] 
and  the  procecillngs  terminated. 


Conf£fiJontiniff  of  SglfaamiiJ  sarOan. 


ondenit  are  requetUd  io  append  thtir  Addresaea,  noi^  u»Ui4  offrftahU^  for 
puhlicatioiit  b*ti  in,  ortler  thai  a  eopjf  of  Ike  G£NTLEMAtr*8  MlOAZINK  contaiuinff 
their  Vommunicationt  may  he  forwarded  to  themJ\ 

BISCOVERY  OF  BUNIC  I:N^SCRIPTI0NS  IN  OKKKEr. 

Mtt.  Urban,^ — I  beg  to  send  you  a  notice  from  the  **  Orcadian"  news- 
paper of  the  20th  inst,  written  bv  my  friend  Mr.  George  Petrie,  of  Kirk- 
wall, in  tbe  belief  that  it  will  prove  of  interest  to  a  large  miiuber  of  your 
readers. 

In  it  you  will  find  an  account  of  a  very  remarknble  chambered  tomb, 
which  hae  just  been  cleared  out  by  Mr.  James  Farrer,  M,l*.,  and  of  a  series 
of  Honic  inscriptions  on  slabs  in  different  parts  of  the  building. 

At  Mn  Farrer*s  request,  land  several  members  of  the  Society  of  Anti- 
quaries of  Scotland  were  present  at  the  excavations.  My  friend  Mr,  Joseph 
Hobertson  first  caught  sight  of  the  Runes  on  a  stone  near  the  roof  of  the 
chamber,  and  when  the  rubbish  was  fioally  cleared  out,  we  found  that  the 
whole  number  of  Runes  exceeded  700. 

I  hare  been  aulhorized  by  Mr.  Farrer  to  procure  correct  copies  of  all 
the  inscriptions,  with  the  view  of  submitting  them,  along;  with  a  descrip- 
tion of  Maeshow  and  its  locality,  to  the  notice  of  such  scholars  and  learned 
bodies  as  are  likely  to  work  out  the  iuteiesting  problem  involved  in  this 


discovery. — I  am,  &c. 

General  Register  Hou^e^ 
Edinhurgh,  Julg  22.  1861. 

EXCAVATIONS  IN 


John  Stuaht, 
Bee.  S&e.  Ant.  Scot. 


MAESHOW,"  STENNESS. 


TiTE  expease  !ncarr«d  ftod  the  iHsrseverance  tliaplayeil  by  Jamos  Farrer,  Eaq.,  M.H., 
4aruig  several  years  of  iintJijimriaii  research  in  Orkney,  Imve  frequently  been  attended 
with  iQfce^Sj  but  liiive  never  b^n  so  Mtgnany  rewarded  as  in  the  ex(^vatione  in  Maes- 
how. No  AiuiiUr  discovery,  it  ia  belie ved»  hM  been  previously  made?.  The  builiiing; 
itself  IS  a  very  remiArkable  one,  but  the  great  value  of  the*e  eicavaiionB  lies  in  the  dit- 
coverv  of  so  many  Runic  inscriptioui  on  tlie  wiilk.  It  u  to  be  expwted  ttwt  when 
ib«;  have  \)een  liubaittted  to  gvnttemen  flkilled  lu  Euuic  characters,  uiucb  light  will  l>c 
throiA  u  upon  tbe  ancient  history  of  **  Maeshow." 

Tbi*  couictd  tumulus  is  about  92  ft.  in  diameter,  and  36  ft.  high,  and  i«  surroiintled 
at  a  distance  of  86  ft.  from  tbe  base  by  a  trench  about  20  ft,  wide,  and  4  or  5  a*  deep. 
It  hod  evidently  been  previooaly  openecL  Mr.  Paprer'a  explorationt  were  connnetic<ed 
on  tbe  west  fiide,  and  in  a  few  hours  tbe  workmen  came  upon  the  covering  stones  of  the 
pusage  which  leads  into  tbe  interior.  As  tbe  inner  extremity  wua  found  to  be  blocked 
up  witb  clay,  an  excavation  wo^  made  on  the  top  of  the  tumulus,  and  tbe  walls  of  tba 
building  were  soon  found.  They  were  carefally  traced,  nnd  it  then  became  eviilent 
thut  tbey  formed  a  chamber  about  10  (i,  Rqunre  at  Lbe  top,  but  widening  towards  tbe 


180  Correspondence  of  Sylvaniuf  Urban.  [Aug. 

bottom.  The  chamber  was  complet«'L  filled  with  the  stones  which  had  originany 
formed  the  upper  i>art  of  tlie  walls  and  roof,  and  with  the  clay  which  had  completed 
the  top  of  the  tumalns.  The  interior  has  now  been  cleared  out,  and  a  short  descrip- 
tion will  give  soMie  ide  i,  althoo^h  a  very  imperfect  one,  of  its  plan  and  appearance. 
The  paasuge  has  been  traced  to  the  margin  of  the  biise  of  the  tnmolas.  It  is  2  ft.  4  in. 
wide  at  its  month,  and  appears  to  have  been  the  same  in  h-  ight,  but  the  covering  stones 
had  been  removed  for  about  22^  ft.  It  then  increast-s  in  dimensions  to  3i  ft.  in  width, 
and  ■itt.-i in.  in  height,  and  contiimes  S'j  for  26  fc,  when  it  is  again  narrowed  by  two 
upright  stone  slabs  to  2  ft.  5  in.  These  slabs  are  each  2  ft.  4  in.  broad,  and  immediately 
beyond  them  the  piissage  extends  2  fV.  10  in.,  and  then  opens  into  the  central  chamber. 
Its  dimensions  from  the  slabs  to  its  opening  into  the  ch«mber  are  3  ft.  4  in.  wide,  and 
4  ft.  Bin.  high.  Abo  it  3 1  ft.  from  the  outer  extremity  of  the  passage,  and  about  15 
in.  beyond  the  point  when  its  dimensions  are  increased  to  3\  fl.  in  width,  an*!  4  ft. 
4  in.  iu  height,  there  is  a  triangular  recess  in  the  wall  about  2  ft.  deep,  and  34  ft.  in 
height  and  width  iu  front,  and  there  was  found  lying  opposite  to  it  in  the  passage  a 
large  Mock  of  stone  of  corresponding  figure  and  dimensions.  This  block  suggests  the 
idva  tliat  it  had  be>  n  u.4ed  to  shut  up  the  passage  at  the  point  where  it  begins  to  be 
narrower  towunls  its  outer  extremity,  and  that  it  was  pushed  back  into  the  recess  in 
the  wall  when  admission  into  the  chamber  was  desirvd.  From  the  recess  to  the 
chamber  the  sides  of  the  p;issage  are  formed  by  immense  slabn  of  flagstone.  One  on 
the  north  side  is  upwards  of  19  ft.  long,  and  4}  in.  thick.  The  floor  is  also  paved  with 
flagstones. 

On  emerging  from  the  passage  we  enter  a  chamber  about  15  ft.  square,  on  the  level 
of  the  floor,  and  ab  ut  13  ft.  in  height  to  the  top  of  the  present  walls.  Immediately 
in  front,  op^xisite  to  the  (mssago,  is  an  opiming  in  the  wall  3  ft.  from  the  floor.  This  ^ 
the  entrance  to  a  iv  11  or  small  chamWr  in  the  wall,  5  ft.  8i  in.  long,  4^  ft.  wide,  and 
3\  ft.  high.  A  large  flac^tim**  is  laid  as  a  raised  floor  between  the  entrance  and  the 
inner  end  of  the  chamber.  The  entrance  passage  is  2  ft.  wide,  2|  ft.  high,  and  22^  in. 
long. 

On  the  two  opposite  walls  of  the  chamber,  to  the  right  and  left  are  similar  openings 
nearly  on  a  similar  le\'el  with  that  just  de»rril>ed.  Ihe  opening  on  the  right  is  24  ft. 
wide,  2  ft.  9\  in.  high.  1  ft.  8  in  long,  and  2  ft.  S  in.  above  the  floor  of  the  chamber. 
The  cell  to  which  it  gives  admi&Mon  is  6  it.  10  in.  long.  4  A.  7  in.  wide,  3|  ft.  high,  and 
has  a  raised  flagstone  fliv^r  5|  in.  high,  similar  to  the  other  chamber.  The  opening  on 
the  le  t  is  2i  ft.  wide.  2  3  ft.  high,  and  l|  A.  long,  and  about  3  ft.  above  the  floor  of  the 
chamber.  The  c^ll  which  is  entero.l  thrv>ngh  this  opening  is  5ft  7  in.  long,  4 ft.  Sin.  wide, 
and  3  ft.  4  in.  high.  It  has  no  raise«1  doi>r  like  the  two  other  cells.  The  roofs,  floors,  and 
iac^  walls  of  the  ct^ls  are  each  formed  by  a  s  ngle  slab  of  stone,  and  blocks  of  stone 
corresponding  in  sixe  an.l  flgure  to  the  o^^'nings  were  found  un  the  floor  in  front  of 
them.  These  have  Iteen  to  cUwe  the  entranc  s  of  the  cells.  The  fonr  walls  of  the 
diamber  cvrnverge  towards  the  top  by  the  snc^^estsive  projection  of  mch  course  of  the 
nuMonn-,  cvmimencing  about  6  ft.  abow  the  level  of  the  fl.xMr,  in  a  manner  exactly 
similar  to  the  construction  of  the  so^alled  VicU*  houses  of  Qnanterness  and  Wideford- 
hiU.  By  this  means  the  chamber  would  Ite  bn>ught  to  a  narrow  spare  of  probably  a 
lew  f<«t  square  at  top,  and  then  completed  b^  slabs  laid  across  the  opening  horiiontally 
or  on  edge.  The  upi^er  j-^wtion,  howvver.  has  been  rvnH>\ftl  at  some  f».irmer  period,  and 
the  highest  part  i>f  the  walls  is  now  only  ab^mt  13  ft.  fn^m  the  floor.  At  that  point  the 
op}«out^  walls  have  approaclu^d  to  within  10  it.  of  Moh  other,  so  that  the  ruins  of  the 
cliaa.ber  are  now  15  ft«  sqnarv  at  the  fl«x^r,  ami  aUnii  10  tt.  square  at  the  top  of 
tike  walls  as  they  ih^w  staml.  Its  original  height  has  been  }«vVlwib1y  19  ur  20  ft.,  and 
the  clay  lias  then  Kcvn  piU^l  aKtve  the  T\x>f  to  a  height  of  sewral  fe>rt« 

A  largv  buttxvss  stands  in  each  angle  ot  the  ohaiiiK^  to  strvuf  then  the  walls  and 
nq«{wrt  then  nnder  the  pf>Mirare  \^  their  own  weight,  and  of  the  sapnincombent  day. 


1861.]  Discovery  of  Runic  Iiucriptiotu  in  Orkney, 


181 


hase  int*>rii{Ll  buttr 


vary  Mmewbat  in  dimensiiionfl,  but  they  ure  on  an  uverage 


■bout  3  fit.  »qi]ure  nl  the  buse,  and  nru  frotii  9  bu  10  ft.  high«  with  tho  exception  of  one^ 
which  is  now  only  H  ft.  high ;  and  otie  uf  the  sides  of  each  buttresa  is  formed  by 
A  i^itigte  slab. 

The  m<i«t  iiit4?re«tini;  circumstimoes  connected  wttb  the  explorations  was  the  dm* 
covery  of  700  or  8i"K)  Runic  characters  on  the  walU  and  bititresaes  of  the  ohambers 
and  on  tho  frftlk  of  the  oclls,  l^hey  are  in  general  very  perfect,  aud  ouly  in  one  or 
t  o  instances  do  th^y  appear  to  have  beoQ<ue  illegible.  No  doabt  when  they  have  all 
btiien  c««t  and  copitnl  they  will  be  fouod  to  yield  valuable  infortnation.  The  figure  of 
a  winged  horie  U  buautifuil^  cut  on  one  of  thu  btittressL-a,  and  displays  great  ipirit  aod 
artistic  skill.  Beneath  it  are  other  fignrus,  one  of  which  has  a  reaemhlance  to  a  ser- 
pent twined  around  a  tree  or  pole. 

The  wails  of  the  chamber  are  built  with  Urge  slabs,  which  generally  extend  tho  en- 
ijlirw  kngth  of  the  wall,  and  the  whole  building  displays  great  strength  and  akill  in  the 
onry,  aud  lia»  a  very  imposing  efllVct. 

There  is  every  reaauu  to  believe  tbiit  the  building  was  originally  erected  as  a  ehacQ- 
I  tomb  for  soioe  chief  or  pt^rsou  of  greui  note^  tnid  probably  long  before  the  arrival 
of  the  Norsemen  in  Orkn*'y.  That  it  hm  howtver  lieen  eutt-rtd  by  tbein  is  proved  by 
the  ICune§,  but  that  it  was  very  likely  l>ecoming  niinona  wheu  thoy  ftinnd  it  appears 
from  evidtfiices  on  the  »toni's  of  tlieir  perishing  ctjuditiun  when  the  Runes  were  cut  on 
them.  The  deetphcring  of  tho  lluues  by  ciiiupetent  pcrsonii  will  be  looked  for  with 
much  inU'rest. 

It  haa  been  a  source  of  much  amnsemcnt  to  observe  the  mpidity  with  which  an  an- 
iqttariun  taste  spring*  up  and  k  developed  amid  tbu  rcceaes  of  Maeshow,  Many  a 
r(sttur,  who  has  heretofore  drouled  to  find  **  Bill  Stumps  hi«  mark"  or"  Aiken  Drnm'i 

ng  ladle"  on  every  antiqqtirian  relic  discovered  in  Orkney  within  the  last  few  y^-ars, 
aving  becti  attracted  by  the  re^iorUHl  wonders  of  Maeshow,  has  led  the  building  ready 
to  swallow  the  "  langesf  iinticpiariau  ladle  he  maj'  hereafter  meet  witb. 

It  is  only  justice  to  notice  tlie  great  care  with  which  Mr.  Alexander  Johnston,.  Mr» 
Wilson's  foreman,  and  the  men  under  his  superinteadenee  have  excavated  the  tumulus. 
I!ud  they  not  taken 'so  much  jmins,  in  all  probability  many  of  the  Uunic  cbaraet«ra 
WMtdd  liave  b«en  efiaced ;  but  appareiitly  there  has  not  been  a  single  Rune  destroyed 
or  injured  in  the  oonrse  of  their  labours. 

It  haa  been  found  necea^iary  to  exclnde  visitors  from  the  building  until  plans  and 
immsur^menta  of  It  liave  been  miide.  It  is  to  be  completed  by  Mr.  Balfour  as  nearly  as 
poaiibke  according  to  the  ofigiiud  design,  but  in  eu^b  a  way  as  to  distiugnigh  between 
thti  old  and  the  new.  A  door  will  then  hv  put  to  it,  and  visitors  admitted  by  u  peri)t>n 
who  will  be  entrusted  with  the  chjirge  of  the  building. 

It  tn^y  also  be  noticed  that  the  hirge  slabs  which  have  been  used  in  the  building 
•ivm  either  to  have  been  taken  from  the  same  quarry  which  yielded  the  8tan*ling 
Stones,  or,  which  is  more  likely,  are  some  uf  the  Staudiug  Stones  themselves,  removed 
from  their  original  position  in  the  circles  of  Stenness  or  Brugar. 

Kirkwall,  July  18, 1861.  G.  P. 


Bl  FORI  ETTA 

Mk»  Urba^X, — Mr.  Mackenzie  Walcott 
is  unxlous  to  throw  some  light  upon  the 
trifiiriunt,  and  wys  that  "  biforictta"  is  a 
"curious  word  which  bisars  some  resem- 
blatRie  Ui  it  lii  its  o^m  posit  ion."  I  infer, 
thcr*  fore,  that  Mr.  Walcutl  bt'licvea  "tri- 


AND  WITTA. 

fonum*'  to  have  Bomcthing  to  do  with 
irew  and  fofeg,  aud  '*  blforietta '  to  have 
•oinethiiJg  to  do  witij  hU  and  /oret.  But 
"  blforielta'*  is  tran^latifd  *'  ante  portam," 
which  in  plain  Eugliish  is  "  before  yjutf," 
and  **  before  gate"  woold  h^'  half  Kiigland 


182 


Correajiondence  of  Sylvamis  Urban. 


[Aug. 


bo  soandod  "  boforc-yett"^"  biforietta." 
WTiat  "  triforiuni"  may  be,  I  do  not  pre- 
tend to  my. 

I  write  ako,  from  tbc  lowest  deptbs  of 
ignorance  and  amazemeut,  to  nsk  some- 
tbinj;  about  tbe  tomb  of  Hengest's  great- 
grandfather, spoken  of  in  tbe  report  of 
the  Oxford  Architectural  and  Historii-al 
Society,  at  p.  iO  of  your  July  number.  It 
needs  great  fiuth  to  believe  in  Hengest, 
•till  that  is  a  fkith  which  by  an  effort  I 
can  attain  unto;  but  Hengest's  great- 
grandfather, Woden's  real  grandson  — 
surely  this  comes  under  the  head  of  what 
Thncydides  counts  as  the  iiwlartts  M  rh 
fivdMcs  iKrtPuaiKireu  But  let  that  pass. 
Why  should  the  tomb  of  WitU  be  called  the 


Cat -stone  ?  How  came  Witta  to  be  buried 
near  Kdinburgh  ?  (It  requires  some  faith 
to  believe  in  the  tomb  of  Zeus  in  Crete, 
and  in  the  tomb  of  Brychan  Brycheiniog 
in  Brecknockshire,  but  even  a  Druid  or 
an  Ovate  would  hardly  believe  in  a  tomb 
of  Zeus  in  Brecknockshire,  or  a  tomb 
of  Brychan  in  tVete.)  Again,  bow  rame 
this  preat- grandfather  of  Hengest  and 
grandson  of  Woden  to  have  his  epitaph 
written  in  Latin  ?  I  trust  that,  to  make 
things  straight,  we  shall  some  day  find  in 
Spun  the  tomb  of  ^neas  Silvius  with  an 
inscription  in  some  primitive  f«>rm  of 
Platt-Deutsch.— I  am,  &c. 

Edwabd  a.  Fbkkmjlv. 
Sowterlease,  Welh,  Jvl^  8, 1861. 


-MEMOIR  OF  JOSHUA  WATSON."— 

Mb.  Urbax,— Many,  I  am  sure,  will 
tbank  you,  as  1  do,  for  calling  atten- 
tion, at  vol.  ccx.,  p.  690,  to  .\rchdeaoon 
Churton's  beautiful  memoir  of  the  late 
Joshua  Watson.  The  book  deserves  all 
your  reviewer  has  said  of  it.  Some,  how- 
ever, who,  a  ceiituTy  hence,  may  be  re- 
ferring to  your  miscellany,  may  frel  obliged 
to  Mr.  Ubba5  if  he  put  upon  record  now 
a  little  cautionary  notice,  which  may  pr«- 
Tnit  their  being  misled  (in  comparing  the 
pages  91  and  101  of  Mr.  Churton's  2iid 
ToL)  by  tbe  idea  that  the  Nova  Scotia 
Jndge  HaUburton,  who  was  the  worthy 
broCbcr-in-Uw  of  tbe  worthy  Bishop  John 
Inglis  of  Nova  Scotia,  was  the  same  Nova 
Soistia  Judge  Haliburton  who  will  be 
better  known  to  posterity  as  the  author 
cf  «  Tbe  dodnnaker*  and  the  bic^^mpber 
of  "SaiB  Slick.**  and  as  the  able  repiv- 
natetive,  in  thene  bis  latter  yean  of  re- 
timMBl»  of  Launccaton,  in  our  British 
From  a  letter  of  the  late 
Wataon.  voL  ii.  p.  101,  it  would 
•em  that  he  had  himself  fallen 
into  the  tctt  cooinion  errar  of  suppoung 
that  tbese  two  distingnicbed  periitnag«s 
we  one  and  the  same  |tenon ;  unlew*  in- 
dwd» — as  is  not  impoasible, — tbe  excellent 
viilar  of  that  letter  was.  purposely,  in 
mm  of  hit  pl^ylbl  moods,  applying  the 
wtQ-kaown  joM^m^  of  "  S.  S.**  and 
"Cbckmkcr*'  to  the  bmr  giaie  judge 


THE  NOVA  SCOTIA  HALIBURTONS. 
of  the  two.  .\ny  who  may  have  known 
each  of  the  judges  will  be  able  fully  to 
enter  into  such  a  joke,  if  it  were  one.  Tbe 
index  to  Churton's  Memoir  gives  no  in- 
timation, however,  that  Mr.  Watson*8  bio- 
grnpher  was  aware  of  there  being  more 
than  one  Judge  Haliburton. 

It  may  not  be  amiss,  too,  that  Mb-Ubbav 
should  put  upon  record  that  the  biogrMpber 
is  not  perfectly  correct  in  dengnating  at 
p.  108,  voL  ii.,  the  brave  defender  of 
Lucknow,  Sir  John  Eaidley  Inglis,  (who 
is  married,  by  tbe  bye,  to  a  daughter  of 
Lord  Cbelnuford.)  as  the  eldest  son  of 
the  second  of  the  Bishops  Inglis  of  Nova 
Scotia.  It  would  be  moie  correct  to  call 
him  the  eldest  mrririmff  son.  Charles, 
who  is  mentioned  by  tbe  Bishop  at  p.  79 
as  being  at  that  time  ^1828)  in  tbe  United 
States  of  America,  and  as  having  had  the 
bappineas»  when  there,  of  meeting  with 
a  lay  churchman*  a  Mr.  Appleton,  who 
was  an  American  Joshua  Watson, — and 
who  has  since  died  in  the  States  of 
America,  unmarried.~was  several  years 
senior  to  Sir  John. — I  am,  Jcc 

Novrs  ScoTTS  Oux. 
r.S^  In  a  second  edition  of  the  Memoir, 
**  Arc'idesacvm**  Camlnidge  may  be  restored 
to  a  more  modest  place  in  the  hieruichy 
than  be  is  inadvertently  made  to  occupy 
at  p.  218  of  the  first  volume. 


I8G1.] 


183 


Cfii  Hoit'iioo'k  of  J'Blbaiuis  Slrbaiu 

[^CTnd^  Ihis  Hile  are  t^ll^ted  brief  noiee  qf  maiien  of  eurreni  aniiqvarian  infereH 
irAtVA  tU  not  appear  to  demand  more  formal  treaimerU,  Stxtakus  Urban  imviles 
the  kind  cO'Operati4iH  of  if>  FriendSf  who  may  thme  preserve  a  record  i^mau^  thintfe 
that  would  otherwite  past  away.'] 

Sale  of  Arcubisbop  Tenison's  Libraht. — In  poranance  of  a  recent  Act  of 
Parliament)  and  willi  the  consent  of  the  Charity  Coiit  mission  era  for  England  and 
Wiiles,  tlie  extensive  and  valuable  Library  formed  by  Archbishop  Teiiison  (who 
was  Primate  from  1091  to  1715)  hfis  recently  beeo  dispersed  by  Messrs.  Sot lieby 
wad  Wilkin&on.    The  sale  commenced  on  June  3,  and  occupied  six  days.    A  record 

some  of  the  priticj|iid  works,  and  tlie  prices  which  they  fetched,  may  be  useful, 

id  is  therefore  subjoined  : — 

Lot  IW.  *'The  Newe  Testament  holh  in  Latine  and  Englyshe^  cclie  corrc- 
spondente  to  the  other  after  the  vulgar  Teste,  commouly  called  S.  Jerome's. 
Faythfullye  translated  by  Johan  Hollybnshe/*  (i.e.  Miles  Coverdale).  4to.  Black 
letter^  good  sound  copy,  having  at  the  commencement  the  Dedication  to  Henry  VrQ, 
Address  to  the  Reader,  almanack  for  18  years,  eommenciiig  153S,  and  kalendar, 
find  the  two  leaver  of  table  lit  the  end ;  the  title-page  only  hamg  wanted*  Prynted 
IB  Soiithwarkc,  by  Jaincs  NieolsoD,  15SS.  Thk  is  the  second  edition  of  Covei- 
dftle^s  New  Testament,  and  of  very  rare  occurrence^ — 25/,  (Stevens.) 

rx>t  100.  "Libri  Duo  Samuelis  et  Libri  Dtio  Heguio,  sub  titulo  primi,  secundi, 
tcrtii  et  quart!  Hcgum,  cum  prfefatione  doctoris  Francisci  Scoritii."  In  Lingua 
8lavonicii,  with  an  illustrative  woodcut  preceding  each  book,  seven  others  in  the 
lliird  book,  and  one  on  the  lust  leaf,  4to.,  large  and  sound  copy,  probably  unique, 
Pnigfe,  1518.  A  volume  of  the  highest  degree  of  rarity,  being,  as  far  as  can  be 
si»eertatned,  the  oii!y  jrorfion  known  of  the  first  edition  of  tlie  Holy  Scriptures  in 
the  Russian  popular  dialect  after  the  Vulgate.  Eberl,  in  his  *' Bibliographical 
Dictionary,'*  1821,  and  iu  the  translation,  1837,  states, — **0f  this  version  only 
two  volnmea  are  known,  which  contain  the  live  Books  of  Moses,  four  Books  of 
Kings,  Judith,  Esther,  Ruth,  Job,  and  Daniel.  The  only  copy  wtia  heretofore 
preserved  in  the  Imperial  Archives  at  Moscow;"  adding^  "Docs  it  still  exist?" 
The  present  copy  belonged  to  the  distinguished  scholar  Ludolf,  formerly  secretary 
to  Prince  George,  in  wliose  autograph  is  a  description  of  the  volume  on  the  eover 
—55/.  (Boone.) 

Lot  113.  Liturgy. — "Le  Livre  des  Prieres  Communes,  de  rAdministration  dcs 
Sacremeus  et  autres  Ceremonies  en  I'Eglise  d'Anglcterre,  traduit  en  Fran^'ois,  par 
Francoys  Philippe,  Scrvitenr  de  Mom?ieur  le  Grand  Chancelier  de  rAngleterre." 
The  title-page  within  a  woodcut  border,  with  two  heads  on  a  medaliionat  the  top; 
the  calendar  printed  in  red  and  black ;  the  almanack  for  19  years,  commencing 
with  1552  ;  with  black  letter  and  woodcut  capitals.  Fine  copy,  4to,,  of  the  highest 
degree  of  rarity.  *' De  rimprimeric  de  Thomas  Ganltier,  Imprimcnr  tlu  Roy  en 
la  hioguc  Fran 901  se,  pour  Ics  Isles  de  Sa  Majeste.  Avec  le  privilege  general  du 
dit  Seigneur,**  1553.  Hitherto  this  volume  has  been  described  by  bibliografjhers 
as  an  8vo.  No  copy  can  be  traced  as  baring  occurred  for  sale.  It  is  dedicated 
to  *rhonias  Goodrich,  Bisliop  of  Kly  and  Chancellor  of  England — 39/.  (Ellis.) 

Lot  131.  '^  Hore  Bcali^siuie  Virginis  Marie  ad  Legilitnum  Sivrisburien&is  £0- 


184  The  Noie-book  of  Sylvanus  Urban.  [An^. 

desie  Ritiim.'*  4to.,  printed  in  red  and  black,  with  beautiful  woodcuts,  and  em- 
blematical borders  round  each  page  ;  extremely  rare,  large  and  sound  copy ;  Paris, 
Regnault,  1526.  The  headings  of  many  of  the  prayers  are  in  English,  as  are  also 
the  form  of  confession,  &c. — 19/.  (Toovey.) 

Lot  137.  "Hymnorum  cum  Notis  Opusculum  usui  Insignis  Ecclesie  Sarara 
Subserviens."  Printed  in  red  and  black,  with  musical  not«s;  4to.,  large  and 
sound  copy,  extremely  rare;  "Antwerpie,  in  officina  Vidua  Christophor  Rare- 
munden,  impensis  Jo.  Cqccii,"  1641 — 28/.  (Toovey.) 

Lot  220.  "Biblia  Sacra  Polyglotta,  edidit  Brianus  Waltonus;"  6  vols.,  folio, 
rnled  throughout  with  red  lines;  portrait  by  Lombart;  frontispiece,  map,  and 
plates  by  Hollar;  with  the  Royal  preface,  Lond.,  1655-7.  "Castelli  Lexicon 
Heptaglotton."  2  vols.;  portrait  by  Faithorne;  old  morocco,  ib.,  1669 — 21/. 
(Toovey.) 

Lot  222.  "  Biblia,  Sacrse  Scripturse  Veteris,  Novaeque  Omnia,  Grac^."  Folio,  tall 
and  sound  copy ;  original  binding,  the  sides  impressed  with  various  figures,  in  the 
centres  the  Temptation  and  Crucifixion. — "  Venet.  Aldus,"  1518;  a  very  interest- 
ing copy,  having  the  autograph  of  the  celebrated  Polish  reformer,  John  a  Lasco, 
three  times — ^twice  in  Greek  and  once  in  Latin — 13/. 

Lot  245.  Book  of  Common  Prayer  and  Administration  of  the  Sacraments — "  The 
Sealed  Book.'*  Folio,  engraved  title-page  and  frontispiece  by  Logjam  ;  large  paper, 
fine  copy,  ruled  with  red  lines,  old  morocco,  1662 ;  first  edition  of  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer  now  in  use — 20/.  (Darling.) 

Lot  248.  "Missale  ad  Consuetudinem  Ecclesie  Sarum.  Nuper  una  cum  dicte 
Ecclesie  institutis  consuetudinibusque  Elimatissime  Impressum  additis  Plurimis 
Commodiatibus  que  in  ceteris  desideratur  ;*'  folio,  printed  in  red  and  black  ink, 
the  title-page  within  a  beautiful  border  of  grotesque  figures,  with  musical  notes 
and  wood  capitals,  the  two  leaves  of  the  Canon  of  the  Mass  printed  on  vellum  ; 
blue  morocco,  edges  gilt  and  gauffred.  "Impressum  Parhisii,  per  Bertholdum 
Rembolt,"  1513.  A  most  magnificent  volume,  in  the  finest  state  of  preservation, 
the  ink  being  as  fresh  as  if  just  issued  from  the  press,  and  the  paper  stout  and 
crackling.  This  edition  is  of  extreme  rarity,  the  only  copy  noticed  in  "  Lowndes  *' 
being  in  the  library  of  King*s  College,  Cambridge — 107/.  (Toovey.) 

Lot  249.  "Missale  ad  Usum  ac  Consuetudinem  insignis  Ecclesie  Sarum." 
Folio,  printed  in  red  and  black  ink,  with  woodcuts  and  musical  notes,  the  two 
leaves  of  the  Canon  of  the  Mass  on  vellum.  An  edition  of  excessive  rarity,  sound 
copy  but  wormed.  "Impressum  opera  Magistri  Petri  Olivier,  expensis  Jacobi 
Cousin,"  1519—41/.  (Boone.) 

Lot  331.  "  Manuale  ad  usum  per  Celebris  Ecclesie  Sarisburiensis."  4to ,  printed 
in  red  and  black  ink,  with  musical  notes  and  woodcut  on  the  title-page;  good 
copy ;  very  rare ;  Rothomagi,  in  edibus  Nicolai  Rufi,  1543—19/.  (Toovey.) 

Lot  332.  "  Manuale  ad  usum  insignis  Ecclesie  Sarisburiensis."  4to.,  printed  in 
led  and  black  ink,  with  musical  notes ;  good  copy ;  very  rare ;  "  Rothomagi,  im- 
pensis Robcrti  Valentini,"  1554—23/.  lOt.  (Toovey.) 

Lot  336.  "  Processionale  ad  usum  insignis  Ecclesie  Sarum,  jam  denuo  ad  cal- 
culos  revocatum."  4to.,  printed  in  red  and  black  ink,  with  musical  notes ;  good 
copy;  very  rare;  "Impressum  Loudini  An.  1555" — 10  guineas.  (Toovey.) 

Lot  389.  '*  Catalogi,  scii.  Ludovici  Jacob  Bibliographical  Gallica  Universalis,  hoc 

ett  Catalogos  Librorum  per  universum  Regnum  Gallise,  annis  1643,  4,  5,  et  6, 

excusorum,  Paris,  1645-7 ;  Bibliothecee  Norfolcianae,  1681 ;  Librorum  tam  Im- 

preasonim  quam  Manuscriptorum,  quos  ex  Rom^  Venetiis  aliisque  Italian  locis 

10 


186L] 


The  Note^book  of  Syhanm  Urban, 


185 


BdegU  R  Martine  Blbliopola  Londineasis,  apud  quern  VBenaant  in  Cmmiterfo  Divi 
Paula,  1635  ;  Librorum  per  R,  Martmum  in  Old  Bayly,  1639;  T.  Rooka\  at  hb 
shop  ill  Gresham  Colledge,  1607;  Br.  Teabon's  MS.,  (autograph,)  165  pagea» 
lfiS2 ;  Bibliothectt  Humphredi  Episcopi  LoudincnsiB  per  K  Scott,  ]677;  Biblio- 
tUec«  ?tri  in  Alalia  defimcti,  Libromm  ex  Bibliotheca  Giaberti  Voetii  emptorum/* 
*c,  &c.  (Sold  by  auction  in  St.  Barllioloniew-close,  1G7S)  A  very  scarce  and 
ctuioua  scries,  bound  in  seTcn  vols.  4 to* — \^L  16*,  (Lilly). 

Lot  497.  **CapgraTe  (Joannis),  Nora  Lcgcnda  Anglise/'  Black  letter,  folio; 
wanting  tbe  first  leaf,  with  a  woodcut  thereon,  and  folios  ^84  to  292 ;  otherwise 
perfect,  having  the  last  leaf  with  the  woodcut  of  the  Assenibly  of  Saints  on  the 
recto,  foid  the  printer's  device  on  the  reverse:  "Im[>[essa  Londonias  in  domo 
TVinaiidi  de  Worde  ;  commoranlis  ad  signum  Solis  in  Vioo  nuncupalo  (tbe  Fletc- 
atretc),  iixccc,xvl**'-10/.  \b$.  (Darling.) 

Lot  650,  **Fyssher  ( Johan) .— This  treatise  concernyngc  the  fruyifuU  Sayngea 
of  Dauvyd  tbe  Kynge  and  Prophete  in  the  seven  penetencyall  Psalniefl  ;  devyded 
in  seven  sermons  ;  was  made  and  compyled  by  the  rygbt  reverente  fader  in  God, 
Johan  Fya&ber,  doctour  of  dyvynyte  and  bjsahop  of  Rochester,  at  the  cxortiicion 
and  sterynge  of  the  moost  excellente  pryncesse  Margarete  Countesse  of  Ryche* 
mount  and  Derby,  and  Moder  to  oure  Soverayne  lordc  Kynge  Henry  the  Vil/' 
Black  letter,  folio,  first  edition,  large  sound  copy,  very  rare.  *'Enprptcd  at 
London,  in  the  fiete-strete,  at  the  sygne  of  the  Sonne,  by  Wyakjn  de  Worde. 

II  the  ycre  of  ourc  lorde,  m.ccccc.viii,  the  xvi  day  of  the  raoneth  of  Juyn,"  &c. — 
4.  5*f  (Thome.) 
Lot  714.  "  Cyrilli  Alexandrini  Opera,  Gr.  et  Lat,,  euro  Jn.  Auberti."  5  toIs,  in  7, 
Uo,  scarce.  Lutet.,  1038—14/.  IQs.  (Stewart.) 
Lot  753-5.  "  Dugdale  (Sir  W.)  et  Roger  Dodswortb,  Mona&ticon  Anglicanum/' 
vols.,  fobo,  numerous  plates  by  Holhir  and  King,  very  fine  impressions,  scarce, 
but  wanting  a  leaf,  1655-73.  Bugdale,  *' Antiquities  of  Warwickbhire f  illus- 
trated, folio,  portraits,  maps,  and  platea  by  Hollar,  Yaughan,  Lombart,  and  King; 
oiigioal  edition,  good  copy,  scarce,  1656.  Dugdale  "Baronage  of  fiogland," 
two  vols,  in  one,  folio  j  presentation  copy  from  Mrs.  Henry  Herringman ;  1675-^ 
•-17/.  15#.  (Lilly.) 

Lot  802.  "  Gale  et  Fell,  Rerum  Anglicanum  Scriptores  Vetercs."  3  vols.,  folio, 
Tcry  scarce.    Oxon,,  1684-91— 5A  15*. 

Lot  S03»  (marked  210  in  tbe  catalogue).  "Becon  (T.)  Workes.  Piligentlye 
perused  and  corrected."  Three  vols,  b  two,  black  lutter,  folio,  wanting  tbe  title- 
page  to  tbe  first  part  and  two  leaves,  but  otherwise  perfect  Lnprinted  by  John 
Day,  1560-4—8/.  10«.  (Pickering,) 

Lot  849.  Knox  (John),^"  lliatorie  of  the  Church  of  Scotland."    8vo.,  original 

edition,  excessively  rare,  good  sound  copy,  in  tbe  original  binding,  (Edinburgh, 

15S4) ;  strictly  suppressed,  nearly  the  whole  impression  having  been  seized  and 

destroyed  by  order  of  the  then  Archbishop  of  Canterbury.    But  few  copies  are 

known  to  exist,  all  of  which,  as  is,  the  ca^e  with  the  present,  commence  on  page  17 

and  end  on  page  560 — 10/.  15i*  (Toovey.) 

Lot  !iU9.  Higden  (R.)— "  Policronicon,  (Englysshed  by  one  Trevisa,  vicarye  of 

'kky,  atte  re<|ueste  of  Syr  Thomas  Lorde  Barklcy)."  Folio,  black  letter,  woodcut 

le-pige*  good  sound  copy,  wanting  in  the  first  set  of  signatures  eight  leaves,  and 

in  the  second  set  three  leaves,  the  title-page,  with  the  "  introducterie"  (in  verse)  on 

the  back,  being  perfect  and  genuine.   "  Weatmeatre,  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde/'  1495 

— U/,  5#.  (Thorpe.) 

Oisrr.  MiG.  Tol.  CCII.  h 


186  Tke  KoU-iook  o/S^kmrns  Urbmrn.  [Am;. 

Um  l.C«ra  Hcalaisiiod  OLW **  Curaucfet  of  Endnid,  Scntlui  lal  Irdnd,*' 
CAaretd  br  Fjnuinr.  Ti«e  rcils.  in  Twtx.  foBo,  Uaci  knrr.  bert  cdkn.  Rnmk. 
abcT  taij  md  tossi  oc^,  cneinal  voodes  boutb,  wish,  tbe  aidik  "W.8.^ 
ttncsec  OB  lie  aics.  lS^<-7 — ^.  IS*.    liDr.* 

L^  Ij'.iyX  '"Ljikdevoie    GiJiciB:'  Opu  soper  Coostititiaas  PioriDOiks, 

Fcij%  fr*.*.  fdla^ifiL  pra^  b  oonUf  «o£viebs.  "  Sine  ulli  nrti."  Tto  »  oae  of  tbe 
irr  bocfs  k9?v?  v%  Lire  l>fea  prin:«ii  is  Oxfonl  m  tii«  ^ficcaik  ce&^szy.  Tbe 
tjre  wcsaKs  rf  lirse  d-lwes*  sorts :  die  rwx>  smidkr  diJer  frooi  laj  ptc^MMuir 
mi  is  0]i?ri  ^n  t&e  brscst  arrees  cmirelT  vhb  tiat  of  t^  Pkilus.  The 
|«cx£:  cccy  tiz*^  » 1  <ao  S^cbn  a  bbck  «nf  v  two  pnnted  inres  ia  tbc  bodk  of 
tbe  vork.  &m  1  m  docTX  a  baak  jof  iz  the  besrl&aicg  of  the  tAb>^  aad  the  bit 
leaf  13  -Jue  ;aiie  >f  '.ie  -^  Cc-aRh^-Urcs  of  the  ArctbishopSw*  I:  kis.  hamrvfi,  the 
pro^  jnf  :«&:$  a  t^  ti^i  vkSch  vas  vi&iioff  in  the  Sariae  €0^,  mM  m 
Dtans  fxT  dos^^  1  JUL    Qsiiitck 

Lrt  Lii5.  Vuken. — ^"  Xrwes  cotubs  up  oat  of  the  Xoe^i,  scvaiar  toviids 
the  Scnai-*  bj  G.  F^x.  i<a5:  -The  feachen  of  the  Worid  vsn&dr  ""The 
WoaELi  >«jTfT&g  is  StJeacer  '^Cfr  for  Repe&:aace  oto  the  IshihctaKts  of 
Lix&Scti  ek-je±jtJ'  £L  KS^j ;  "  Testimccr  of  the  trae  l«h:  of  the  World  ;'^  "  The 
Pfe-JEST^'  FnLhs  TAJr  llia-fes?:^  lai  the  Fis£l»cs  of  the  Woeli.  wd  the  Last  of 
I^srnsce  f  "  Wiraiae  t/»  ill  Schoc«-Massers  icd  Scboot-MlrtmBeA,"  all  1657 ; 
"^Dacr.T-TT  of  tb»  STci:  EomitT  <^  c^ie  Serpent  isiiost  the  Seed  of  the  Woin/ 
I^;i,  4.?.    la  all  2>  ;rvC5,  is  cne  TC'l:iaie,  4co. — I»X'.  flZIy.) 

Lcc  I^I^.  ^iuken,  Meccer  siL.  raier  ooiLeccioii. — ^  LookiB^Mjoas  for  Tag^nd, 
cr,  li  JLiaKnct  cf  -.i?  Fj:oit  ILkss^re  ia  Imiai,"  1^7;  *FoCt  ud  WndoM 
U  ^ji£  Asatatir  i«I;  - Bcok  of  WiniiBSs,  bj  G.  Bcshope.''  1*51;  "Bwdotof 
BaiifjTa  tad  Trfixpi  cf  Sku.'^  It  the  saze;  "The  Ctr  of  Xewwe  wish  the 
oc£i!r  Priscns  in  isd  ibcot  Lcciico."  1^2 :  "^  Proc«ediztss  isaosC  the  Qsikefs» 
their  seatexice  zb  be  Traajpcrted  :a  JiznKa^*^  4c^  1*5«S4 ;  -  Wincaff*  of  the  Lord 
to  :ae  KHg  of  yng'-irpi^"^  rr  G.  Bcs2:ooe.  16^7 ;  "^  TesdaaocT  of  a  Cicsad  of  Wis- 
neacs,"  hr  W.  Calo*.  I-i^i:  "Rgs:a,^fatke  Letter  of  Mirr  HttoI  to  OllTer 
Cntn-r-il,"'  1*5^7 :  *"  I>»cLira:ica  oc  :he  Pcrwcatica  ud  MirtTrdocn  cf  the  Qoikas 
El  Xn-  Fffigjnij,"'  rare,  lSo*> ;  *  Visica  of  HoaiphreT  Smha  coceemia^  Ijjodaa,^ 
!••»;';  "*  Aana  Triccei's  yimrire  of  her  JocnieT  froai  Loodoa  to  Conmn," 
I'SJ  & :  -  RelaJiioa  of  the  Sajfaia^s  of  the  Qoixen  u  Btistou"*  16*5 ;  **  Persera- 
tifla  of  till*  Qnaken  i£  XGrvTck^"  ISO'S ;  lod  cnsieroGj  ochers.  Coikctcd  br 
Xica.  WitLjiscoa,  wisk  his  iniMakia  scasped  oa  ihe  sidrsy  $  ro2s,  Ito. — SS/. 
^lillj., 

Let  L330.  Pi7cit»  S. — '^  HiMajtos  FosthTxiBiLS ;  or,  Fudus  his  PSIgrimcs; 
omTAjTiimi  a  Hiasorr  of  the  Wocii  in  Sea  Tojoces  and  Laade  TnveLsy  bj  En^ 
laamen  and  ocaers."  3  Toisw,  £6i:c,  maps  sod  cuts :  vaacisg  the  &oaCtsp»ce  lad 
wukD  of  ihe  yLospiU  Empcre  ;  H23-JS,  is.  the  cnsinal  biadia^ — HSL  <  Toover.) 

Loc  l,fr^:».  Xncti. — -FaaTsCaarciiTari;"  "^LTsci  TheoioCTi"^  *c-;  Two 
Cenumca,"  hj  Sir  J,  BirkcaJiead,  a.  Jl ;  "  Cadlogrze  of  the  Tides  of  Bocks  printed 
ic  'ramoriiire  ia  l^n'i,^  a  scarce  aad  corJoas  satirical  tract ;  "  Two  Lecier^  of  vhe 
Eari  of  Scndbri  uii  his  Sceeca  ca  the  ScajP^Li**  l»54l ;  **  New  Onicrs  of  the 
F<irLiameac  of  Ronniiiiruffy"  io-li  :  **  Frescrruiion  of  J.  Hirri3;^Qa  and  ethers  of 
Spauimo;  ia  Lincoinsoire,  ukea  prisoners  bj  the  CaTaLers  of  CroTlaBd.*^  1*543 ; 
"  Fje  SttYe  far  the  Caj  of  Lomion.'^  l^^*^ ;  -^  >[iscris  F^iriiameat^  her  Goaai>- 
pin^"  foil  of  mirth,  bkcxt  taJo^  te.,  164S  ;  **  Miatris  FhriimeiU  bvooght  to  bed 


1861.] 


The  Note-book  of  Syhanus  Urban. 


187 


of  &  MonstroQS  Cliilde  of  Reformation  "  1648  ;  "A  Trance,  or  Newes  from  Hell,'' 
ri649,  and  other  tracts,  (in  idl  100) ;  in  a  thick  voiume,  4to. — 5/.  (Forster.) 

Lot  1,503*  **Vit«  Sanctorum  Prisco?om  Patrura  CLXIIL,  per  A.  Liponianum 
lifi  untim  Tolumen  redactae,  cum  Scholiis,"  King  Edward  Vl/a  copy;  the  binding 
"lirokeD,  sides  richly  tooled  and  gilt,  with  the  Royal  Arms  of  England  in  the  centre ; 
""Yenet.,  1551 ;  4to,— 5/.  15jf.  (Boone.) 

Lot  1,609.    Thoroton  (H.)  —  "Antiquities  of  Nottingham  shire."    Maps  and 

plates ;  4to,,  thick  paper ;  extremely  rare ;  wanting  the  leaf  of  imprimatur  and 

he  slip  of  arms ;  1677—30/.  10^.  (Toovey.) 

Lot  1,644.  "  Voraginc  (Jac.  de)  Legenda  Aurea,  that  is  to  saye  in  Englysshe,  the 

rfjolden  Legcndc,  for  lyke  as  Golde  pnsscth  all  other  metalles,  so  this  hoke  excedeth 

all  other  bokes,  wherein  ben  c^nteyned  all  the  high  and  grete  fcestes  of  our  Lorde, 

llie  feesies  of  our  bljssed  lady,  the  lives,  jiassyons,  and  myraclea  of  many  other 

mjnteSy  hystoryes,  and  actes,  as  all  alooge  hereafore  is  made  mencyon,  whicho 

werke  bath  been  dilygetly  amended  in  divers  places,  whereas  grete  nedc  was. 

Finysshed  the  xxvn  daye  of  August,  the  yere  of  our  Lorde  Mxcccc.xxvil.  the 

XIX  yere  of  the  regnc  of  our  Souorayne  lorde  Kynge  Henry  the  eyght,    luiprynted 

Bt  London  in  Flete  Strete,  at  the  sygwe  of  the  Sonne,  by  Wynkyu  de  Worde." 

IlFoIIo;  black  letter;  extremely  rare;  fine,  lajrge,  and  perfect  copy,  in  the  original 

linding — 51A  (Toovey.) 

Lot  1,649.  Walsh  (Peter). — "  History  and  Vindication  of  the  Loyal  Formulary, 
or  Irish  BemonstraBce  against  all  Calmiiuies  and  Oeosures,  with  three  Appendices, 
containing  the  ^lai-quis  of  Oimond's  Letter  in  answer  to  the  Deelaration  and  Ex*^ 
ooinmuuication  of  the  Bishops,  &c-,  at  Jamestown."    Folio;  very  rare;  very  fine 
copy,  1674—8/.  5*.  (Lilly.) 

The  amount  of  the  six  days'  sale  exceeded  1,410/. 

Discovert  op  Ancient  Coins, — Whilst  the  workmen  were  felling  timber  in 
Cockmill  Woodj  about  a  mile  from  Whitby,  early  in  July  last,  they  discovered  ft 
cavity  in  the  ground,  which  contained  126  siher  coins.  Son)e  were  half-crowns  of 
the  Charleses,  others  shillings  of  Elizabeth  and  of  James,  &c.,  but  the  majority  are 
80  smooth  worn  that  they  will  liardly  rank  as  cabinet  specimeus.  The  place  where 
they  were  found  forma  the  centre  of  the  wood,  near  the  White  Gate,  and  a  slab  of 
stone  covered  the  mouth  of  the  hole.  It  would  seem  bkely  that  they  were  depo- 
aitcd  during  the  Great  Kcbellion,  when  we  know  that  money,  plate,  and  other 
Tftluables  were  often  secreted.  This  is  not  the  first  find  of  coins  iu  the  neighbour- 
Lood  of  Whitby.  Towards  the  close  of  tbe  last  century,  a  number  of  Roman  coins 
(•were  turned  up  by  the  plongh  at  Ugtlior|>e,  about  eight  miles  from  AVhithy,  some 
of  which  belonged  to  the  reign  of  Vespasian.  The  lloraans,  it  is  known,  had  no 
large  station  nearer  Whitby  than  Malton,  but  single  coins  now  and  then  make 
their  appearance  when  the  ground  is  opened  round  about.  Last  year  a  Roman 
coin  was  found  on  the  moors  near  Aisluby,  not  far  from  which  the  Roman  road 
pisses ;  and  another  coin,  with  Romulus  aud  Remus  sucking  the  she-wolf|  was 
found  in  the  same  locality,  in  admirable  preservation,  a  fihort  time  since. 


188 


Ltljr 


HI8T0EICAL  AKB  MISCELLAITEOUS  REVIEWS. 


NORTHERN  LITERATUBK 
We  are  indebted  to  an  esteemed  Correspondent  at  Capenha^n  for  the 
following  notices  of  works  from  the  BaniBh  presi,  tUat  m^y  be  fairly  ex* 
pected  to  be  of  interest  in  England. 


Fir<e  Off  Fyrrefyve  Jbr  em  wior  Deel 
Jbrken  mtrykU  Pr6>tmr  af  OUtUtrdUk 
Sproff  0g  LUtratmr,  CdgiTne  af  KoiriL 
GiSLASOK,  (Kjekbenhatn,  18G0.  8?0h  5#0 
and  xri  pp.) 

t^rUf-fimr  ckiefy  hUketio  Untdit^d 
Spedwiens  of  Ike  Oid'NQrtktrm  Lam^ase 
amd  LUermimre,  PublUhed  1^  K,  Qiau- 
90]i»  Gieaping-haTeo.  (Abo  witb  an  loe* 
landic  title  and  preface,  for  ml&  in  Ice* 
laDd.) 

Of  thii  mastTalmible  work«  about  tkree- 
^vurtbi  ii  now  for  the  first  time  pnbliahed 
htm.  the  original  manaieripU.  AU  the 
more  important  pieces  are  given  witb  due 
regard  to  the  peculiar  orthography  of 
their  age,  and  thejr  thus  afford  intereetiiig 
materiali  for  phonetic  and  llngni«tTC  in* 
faitigKtiona.  The  whole  work  ahouads  in 
ptquant  noveltien,  which  range  in  age,  as 
to  the  old  tnotcripti  followed,  &oa  about 
1220  to  tlie  tfteeuth  centurj.  Of  ooone 
the  teate  are  often  moch  older  than  the 
eopiee  in  whkh  tbejr  have  now  lunived. 

Am  thia  work  \a  edited  b/  one  of  the 
moit  aoeompliabed  Kholart  in  Scandinavia, 
and  ought  to  be  in  the  handtof  all  ftudeuts 
in  this  department  of  our  Nortbem  litera* 
tare,  it  will  be  of  lerviee  to  give  a  brief 
Cft  of  ita  eontenta : — 

L  (pp  1—^),  ThdHr  of  ThortUim 
TfrnidwUHkimgii  the  Story  of  Thontein 
tbe  Tenl-'pttcher,  oue  of  the  earliest  land* 
iiaiika>iDeo— eoloniaera  of  Iceland-^in  the 
time  of  Haiald  Faii&x.  The  infimt  heixv 
ai  he  lay  on  the  ground,  was  awaiting 
a  late  olten  Ihe  lot  of  new-born  children^ 
to  bt  carried  out  and  buried  alive.  But 
bt  ot^|eet«d  to  thii»  and  extemporised  an 
•ight*lin«  itatita,  beginning, — 


Thm  wonder  eaved  hia  UfSa,  His  fkther 
relented,  and  the  Ud.  grew  to  be  a  famooi 
champion. 

IL  (pp.  B-^n),  MaO/Mlar  Baga. 
Hallfred  wae  one  of  the  most  efaaracterktie 
figurea  of  the  tenth  eentory,  and  one  of 
the  restlesf  planet*  moving  round  hia 
central  orb,  the  None  King  OloC  Tryggv^* 
•on.  Paaaioiiate  lover,  pricekea  poet,  on&» 
cast  and  ■dventurer,  merchant,  and  Royal 
Gnard,  he  unittid  in  ht maelf  all  the  warlike 
and  tnraultuooi  elements  of  that  remark* 
able  period  of  transition.  Bom  a  heathen, 
and  never  more  than  half  ChHttianiaed, 
he  rushed  firom  adventure  to  adventoro, 
always  brave,  MMnetimee  wajward,  whence 
hJA  gnmame  VamdrtMatk^ld,  'the  wan- 
rede-«eald,'  *the  poet  hard  to  pleate.'  What 
a  metry  aneodote  is  that  about  bis  ftrst 
contact  with  King  OUf  Tryggreeou,  who 
persuaded  him  to  become  a  Christian  %■ — 

"Now  was  Uallfreth  with  the  King  a 
time,  and  made  a  flokk  (a  short  i<»ig) 
about  him,  and  asked  him  to  hear  it.  The 
King  laid  he  would  not  listen.  *I>o  aa 
thou  wUt,'  answered  Hallfieth, '  but  I  will 
then  cast  aside  those  things  (about  Christ) 
which  thou  hast  let  teadi  me,  an  thou 
wilt  not  hear  my  poem;  for  those  tales 
whidb  then  haddest  me  to  learn  are  not 
more  poetical  than  is  thi?  iong  I  have  now 
made  about  thee.'  King  Olaf  replied; 
*  Of  a  truth  thou  mightcst  well  be  called 
the  Vandnetha-Skald ;  but  I  will  hear  thy 


4 


'nie  poet  lost  no  time  tn  repeating  them, 
and  they  were  so  good  that  the  King  gave 
him  in  retnm  a  splendid  sword*  So  he 
plunged  into  the  thick  of  events.  Now 
hcre^  now  then^  fighting,  or  wandering, 
or  making  verses  in  Icplnnd^  and  Norway. 
and  Denmark,  and  Sweden*  he  died  at  last 
of  a  broken  heart,  at  the  loss  of  liis  royal 
CHend  King  Olat 

111*  (pp*  42— ^}«  8Q$m  <  2%ofvMil 


186L] 


Old-Northern  Literature, 


189 


SMu^kalU  IS^  Th«  Saga  of  Thdrttein 
Sidii^lMiU't  ton  k  hero  printed  from  a 
piper  oopj,  and  ii  not  oomplei(?>  but  no 
better  MS.  exists.  It  tells  of  forays  ia 
Scotland  and  Ireland,  and  feud  and  tigbt 
in  Iccbuid,  about  tbc  beginning  of  tbe 
eleventh  century. 

IV.  (pp.  59—63),  Frd  Relga  og  IHfi, 
Of  Helgo  nnd  Ulf,  bloody  fmji  from  snmll 
beginnings  and  terrible  boot  tberefore, 
a  talc  of  tbe  Fasroes  in  the  tenth  centnry, 
but  doubtless  somewhat  modernized  in 
form*  The  episode  of  Bard,  who  three 
years  In  succedsioD  gave  to  a  beggar  a  cow 
for  the  sake  of  St.  Peter,  bat  afterwards 
foond  that  the  mendicant  was  St.  Peter 
himtelf,  ii  characteristic  of  the  times.  Bard 
eventually  became  a  bishop  In  Ireland, 

v.  — VIK  (pp.  64—107)*  Veraldar 
Sagat  SfCf  the  History  of  the  World;  a 
kind  of  Chronicle  from  Adam  to  Frederick 
Barbarossa,  Embraces  both  sacred  and 
profane  story.  The  MS.  is  from  about 
1265. 

VIII.— X.  (pp.  108—386),  UrRomrerja 

^iim,  Roman  History »  principally  from 
Ballast  and  Lncan. 

XL  (pp»  387—399),  Ur  Karlamaffnvss 
So^u,  extracts  from  the  Romance  of 
Charlemagne  and  his  Peers. 

XI L  (pp.  400  —  406),  Ur  Kirjalaj: 
Sdgik,  extracts  from  the  Romance  of  King 
Eiijalax,  a  talc  of  Asiatic  and  European 
woodersL 

XIII.  (pp.  407—409),  Paraduus,  a 
charming  description  of  Paradise,  the 
abode  of  the  blessed  "  til  dumadogs/* 

XIV.  (pp.  410-416),  v^/J^WmrXfim. 
paiMMt,  Of  Three  Companions,  a  king's  sod, 
a  dnke^s  son,  atid  an  earl's  lOii.  They 
lost  their  way  and  their  suit«,  hunting  the 
deer,  and  at  nightfall  found  *'  hvarki  er  at 
bita  ne  snpa"  themselres  without  bit  or 
tup,  lonely  and  starved.  To  pass  the  time^ 
each  tells  when  and  where  be  thought 
himself  most  in  danger.  The  earl's  son 
retates  how  he  narrowly  escaped  from  a 
deep  pit.  The  dnke's  son  had  a  ftlll  more 
terrible  adventure :  bis  dying  tweetheflrt 

etly  locked  her  uiiiiuspectiug  lover  in  a 
iitf  and  asked  her  father  the  favour  to 
r  that  cheat  unsearched  and  unopened, 
as  amtaining  the  dearest  thing  she  bad  on 


earth,  benettth  her  own  cofElti.  This  b^ng 
done,  he  was  only  saved  by  daring  trea* 
anra-seekers,  whom  the  wondrous  tale 
bronght  to  dig  him  up.  StiU  more  terrific 
was  the  adventure  of  the  king's  son,  a 
charming  goblin  Htory,  much  better  than 
those  now  fabricated. 

XV.  (pp.  416—418).  IndtifrMr  Qim* 
tiemar^  Of  Indian  Gem'Stones^  a  humor ous 
story  of  three  wonderful  amulets. 

XVI.  (pp.4U>— 427).  AfMeigtaraPero 
ok  kans  Leikum^  Master  Peroa  and  his 
Sleights.  This  Pcrus  was  a  kind  of  ma- 
gidnn  id  the  mediEDval  taste^  and  we  have 
here  three  wiles  of  his,  much  in  the  man- 
ner of  those  attributed  to  the  famous  con- 
juror Master  VirffiUm  of  JRome,  formerly 
poet  of  that  ilk.  Tbe  last,  a  charming 
story  of  a  duke  whom  be  made  king,  but 
who  proved  ungrntcfQl  and  unjust,  sad 
who  accordingly  found  that  the  whole  was 
a  momentary  virion,  and  bad  taken  place 
while  tbe  meat  was  cooking,  is  very  rich. 
It  is  the  same  idea  —  a  moment  as  a 
thousand  years — as  we  find  in  the  Koran, 
the  Arabiiiu  Tales,  and  in  so  many  other 
Eastern  and  Western  tales  and  legends. 

XVIL  (pp.  428—432),  Af  K6tig»mfm 
og  Kong^dodur^  Of  the  King's  Son  and 
the  King's  Daughter,  a  pretty  tale,  in 
which  woman's  wit  discovers  who  is  the 
•'sti^iknri'*  (the  master-COOk),  who  the 
"riddari"  (the  knight),  and  who  the 
"kongssun.''  The  point  is  the  same  as 
in  the  VoUunga-Saga,  wliere  Queen 
Hiordys,  Sigurd's  mother,  clmngcs  clothes 
with  her  maid;  in  the  Amletk  of  Saxo 
Gramnmticus.  where  the  hero  at  the  Eng- 
lish court  discovers  the  wenk  point*  of  tbe 
Food,  the  King,  and  the  Queen;  and 
elsewhere. 

XVIII,  (pp.  433-435),  Ur  a^tntt 
S^gu,  a  tale  of  three  tents  and  three 
artificial  animals,  such  as  no  craftsman 
now  can  equal. 

XIX.,  XX.  (pp.  436,  437),  Tiu  Undr 
EgipitUandi  og  Ww  Lagaord,  the  ten 
pliigues  of  Egypt  and  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments, from  an  Icelandic  MS,,  date 
about  1270»  a  venerable  monument  of  the 
langnag^e. 

XXL  (pp.  438-446),  Fabella  AUxti 
Confei9ori»,     The  legend  of  S.  Alexis  it 


190 


Miscellaneous  JReviews. 


[Aug. 


well  known.  It  is  here  given  from  a 
MS.  at  least  six  hundred  years  old. 

XXII.  (pp.447— 456),  Ur Leizlu Dug- 
gciU,  an  Irish  legend,  one  of  the  many 
Middle  Age  stories  founded  on  the  tale 
how  a  soul,  in  the  trance  of  death,  sees 
hell,  purgatory,  and  heaven,  and  then 
returns  to  the  body.  This  is  the  well- 
known  cydus  of  St.  Patrick's  Purgatory. 

XXIII.— XXV.  (pp.  457—469),  Ore^ 
gorii  Dialogorwn,  IV.  26,  36,  two  somd^ 
what  similar  short  stories  from  Gregory's 
Dialogues,  Gregory's  twenty-ninth  Ho- 
mily, and  some  Religious  Maxims. 

XXVL  (pp.  470—476),  Ur  Laknin- 
gab6kt  from  an  ancient  Leech-book,  or 
medical  treatise. 

XXVIL  (pp.  476-479),  Stjdmumdrk, 
astronomical. 

XXVIII.  (pp.  480—483),  Frd  lAfldti 
Baldrt,  Of  the  Death  of  Balder,  from  the 
Younger  Edda. 

XXIX— XXXV.  (pp.  484—525),  Frd 
AgU  Tunnaddlgi,  Ac.,  Of  Egill,  Tunne's 
Slayer,  and  other  episodes,  in  Heimskringla 
Morkins-skinna,  Enytlinga-Saga,  Islen- 
dinga-bok,  and  Njals-saga. 

XXXVI.  (pp.  626-533),  Ur  Ugum, 
from  the  ancient  Icelandic  laws. 

XXXVII,  XXXVIII.  (pp.  534-548), 
the  greater  part  of  Vdlu-spd  and  Hdva- 
mal,  from  the  oldest  MSS.,  with  various 
readings,  by  far  the  best  edition  yet 
published. 

XXXIX.  (pp.  549-552),  Ur  Hug»- 
rinntmdlum,  ancient  Icelandic  versified 
maxims,  founded  on  Cato's  Ditticha, 

XL.  (pp.  55^  554),  lalendinga  Drdpa, 
eleven  stanzas  of  this  old  poem.         ^ 

XLI.  (pp.  555, 556),  Ur  Mdr<u  Drdpu, 
eleven  stanzas  in  praise  of  the  Virgin 
Mary. 

XLII,  XLIIL  (pp.  557,  558),  Frag- 
ments from  Epic  Songs  on  St.  Peter  and 
St.  Andrew. 

XLIV.  (pp.  559,  560),  CeeiUu  KviBtM, 
a  poem  on  St.  Cecilia.  We  give  the  first 
verse: — 

"  Gad  rninn  sseti  bUdki  ok  b«ti 
Vijd«t  hryggTillgt, 
StA  at  ek  g»ti  samit  mnti 
Sannfrodan  dikt." 

.    We  need  add  no  more  to  shew  the  value 


of  the  work.  Here  is  treasure  mdeed, 
both  heathen  and  Christian,  newly  dug 
from  the  mine. 


Sverikes  Bun-urkunder,  granshade  aeh 
utgifne  af  Richabd  Dybeok.  Uppland. 
Fdrsta  H&ftet.  Bro  och  Hotuna  Hinder. 
(Stockholm,  1860.) 

The  Rune- Monuments  of  Sweden,  JSx» 
amined  and  Published  bg  B.  Dtbbck. 
Province  of  Uppland.  Part  I.,  the  Hun- 
dreds of  Bro  and  H&tuna.  (Stockholm, 
1860.  Large  folio,  with  fifty-one  fiic- 
similes  on  twelve  lithograph  plates.) 

Besides  minor  attempts  and  special 
and  local  descriptions,  two  great  efforts 
have  been  made  in  Sweden  to  collect  and 
publish  its  matchless  store  of  Runic  in- 
scriptions.  The  first  was  by  Gdransson  % 
more  than  110  years  ago ;  the  second  by 
Liljegren  \  about  twenty-five  years  nnce. 
The  latter  is  largely  based  on  the  former. 
But  a  century  ago  such  attempts  were  ne« 
cessarily  unsatisfactory.  The  old  Northern 
dialects  were  little  cultivated  and  imper- 
fectly understood.  Absurd  theories  as  to 
the  immense  antiquity  of  the  monuments 
themselves,  many  of  them  being  attri- 
buted to  hundreds  or  thousands  of  years 
before  Christ*  led  to  perpetual  mistakes. 
Difficulty  of  travel  and  roadless  wilds 
made  it  impossible  to  secure  good  tran- 
scripts. "Heel-ball,"  and  damp  paper, 
and  **  rubbing,"  were  as  yet  undiscovered. 
The  result  was  as  might  be  expected. 
The  texts  given  are  often  full  of  gross 
mistakes.  Still  these  works  are  of  great 
value,  particularly  as  many  of  the  Rune- 
stones  have  become  dilapidated,  or  have 
perished  altogether  since  their  publication. 
Among  the  great  labourers  in  this  field 
of  Runic  study  in  Sweden  must  be  espe- 
cially mentioned  Carl  S&ve,  (now  Pro- 
fessor of  the  Northern  Languages  in  Up- 

>  Bautil,  Det  &r:  AUe  Svea  ok  05tha  Rikers 
Runstenar. . .  .  Af  Johan  Goransion,  Stockholm, 
1750,  large  foUo,  with  1,173  woodcuts  of  the 
seTeral  monomenta. 

^  Mod  omenta  Runioa.  Ron-urkunder.  Stock- 
holm, 1834,  4to.,  being  an  Appendix  to  Diploma- 
Urlom  STecannm,  voL  ii.  Holmie,  1837.  Bat 
this  Bone-work  ia  alao  pabliahed  aeparately 
ia8T0« 


186L] 


Rune^Monuments  of  Sweden, 


191 


■aljk)  imd  Riclmrd  Dybeck,  (now  n  Govern- 
tsent  Cotisen'fitor  of  Local  Antiquities). 
BotU  these  gentleuien  are  accouiplisbed 
North<*rti  linguisU,  and  both  have  worked 
with  eudU'BS  enthusiasni  and  Kelf-^criflce. 
We  omit  reference  to  their  minor  works, 
Tlie  Swedish  nation  is  now  nware  of  the 
iramenae  value  of  these  itg  oldest  written 
rtooult^  (though  manj  of  thctn  are  of 
ooime  of  later  date.)  and  the  SwedUh  Par- 
liament has  made  a  large  g;rant  for  their 
regolar  and  complete  publlcAtiou  under 
th©  charge  of  Herr  Dybcck. 

The  work  now  before  ns  is  the  first  in- 
rtalment  of  this  nation al  undertaking,  and 
ntains  about  i\m  fortieth  part  of  the 
rtul  number  of  these  precious  Kunic  relics 
i^fiwcden  alone,  which  is,  so  to  speak, 
( liotne-land,  far  surpassing^  anjr  other 
Winiry  in  this  pcculuir  wealth.  Of  the 
•tber  Northern  lands  Denmark  comes  ne&t, 
then  England^  Norway ^  and  Iceland.  In 
the  ruins  of  the  Korsc- Icelandic  colony  in 
Greenland  a  few  ha%'e  also  been  found. 

We  need  not  point  out  how  many 
interesting  features  of  language,  apart 
from  all  questions  of  history,  and  mytho- 
logy, and  custom,  these  monuments  elnct- 
dAt€^  iMwr  correctly  printed  after  careful 
examination.  Many  of  them  are  frag- 
ments, some  obscure.  Still  sufficient  ma- 
terials remain  for  curious  enquiri^  into 
local  idiouis,  early  let ter-as^mikt ions,  re- 
markable proper  namea,  and  a  strong  light 
19  cast  on  vartoua  other  details  of  philo- 
logical enquiry* 


A«  specimens  we  wiU  give  two  inscrip- 
tions,  both  af  them  first  published  by 
Dybeck, 

The  first  Is  in  the  pariih  of  Eyd,  Up- 
land, (Dyh.,  No,  1 1 )  :— 

'*im  ,  »  BTTT  LIT  KtSA  KUlUt  TTCTIBM 
PATHXTRaiN  BA0S4  AUK  BOBUTHFR  KFRUC 

KVrn  Hl4L(l»)(*«)ui'(nni)  (thttira).  Kir., 
riu  let  rai^e  Cutnhel  (=  mark,  wtone} 
after  Fatht^hh  {Old-Entjlhtk,  SIN)  Baosa, 
and  htM  Brother  Kuruk*  Ood  help  4t(mU 
iheirV* 

The  second  is  No,  17,  Hotuua  dis- 
trict:— 

"RTJTHILFB  LIT  ICIKA  inTBKI  TBISA 
EFTIH  AKMUNT  SUN  BIN.     RutkUf  Ut  gate 

{make)  mark  {mottmf,  hoi^)  (his  nfter  Ak- 
mttnt  ionhU  (O-E,,  bin.'*) 

Among  other  facts  we  would  also  men- 
tion that  the  argument  of  Professor  Ste- 
phen«r,  In  his  **  Two  Leaves  of  King  Wal- 
dere*s  Lay,"  pp.  85,  full.,  as  to  "thus** 
for  "  thurs/'  i«  here  strengthened  in  a  re- 
markflhlc  manner.  See  No.  1,  No.  4»  but 
especially  No.  42.  This  alTordi}  another 
instance  of  how  much  we  have  still  to 
learn  from  cnri'fiil  editions  of  ancient  do* 
cuments,  and  exact  facsioailes  of  our  oldest 
imcribed  remains. 

According  to  the  announcement  of  the 
learned  editor,  the  Riimc  memorials  of 
each  province  will  be  eollect<;d  together 
and  published  complete  in  tlicmstlvcs, 
with  the  necessary  titles  and  explana- 
tions. The  price  of  this  first  part  is  about 
six  shillings  sterling,  so  that  it  b  within 
the  reach  of  all. 


Memoruds  pf  FamiU^  of  the  SMmame 
ef  Archer,  (Ijondon  :  J.  R,  Smith.)— We 
fike  to  see  a  man  who  takes  an  interest  iu 
the  naaie  be  bears,  and  who  does  not  think 
his  time  ftnd  trouble  ill  bestowed  in  cob 
leering  from  various  sources  all  that  can 
be  gathered  regarding  it.  Such  a  man  is 
evidently  Captain  Archer,  of  the  60th 
Royal  Hifles,  the  author  of  the  thin  4to. 
now  before  os,  who  with  praiseworthy 
diligence  has  amasseil  some  thousands  of 
ficts  relating  to  persons  of  his  own  name, 
extending  from  Anglo-Norman  times  to 
the  present,  and  embracing  deeds,  wills, 
births,  marriages,  and  deaths,  interspcned 
with  pedigrees  lukd  heraldic  detail«  and 


enlivened  by  many  qnaioi  citations  irom 
unpublished  manuscripts.  He  has  made 
no  pretence  to  write  a  history  of  his  family, 
but  by  printing  bis  collections  he  has  laid 
the  foundation  wide  and  deep  for  such  an 
undertaking,  and  lias  set  a  good  example 
for  persons  of  other  names,  who  if  tliey 
would  imitate  him,  would  do  good  service 
to  the  future  county  historian  and  gene- 
alogist. In  tbe  course  of  his  researches. 
Captain  Archer  has  met  with  much  cu- 
rious matter  relating  to  other  iamilies, 
and  these  oollectiona  he  Ubcrally  oHem  to 
transfer  to  such  parties  as  will  turn  them 
to  account.  Any  communications  on  this 
sut^ect  miy  be  addressed  to  his  Publisher* 


m- 


^ML. 


192 


Miscellaneous  Reviews. 


[Aug. 


We  should  be  glad  to  see  the  offer  ac- 
cepted, as  it  18  from  sach  kbourera,  who 
thoroughly  understand  and  love  their 
subject,  that  we  have  most  hope  of  a 
satisfactory  work,  or  rather  a  series  of 
works,  on  English  Surnames. 


Wild  Ffoicers  Worth  yotice.  By  Msg. 
Lankester.  (Hardwicke.)— We  heartily 
recommend  this  exceedingly  pretty  little 
volume  to  the  large  class  who  delight  in 
flowers,  whether  in  the  field  or  in  the 
garden,  but  who,  deterred  by  its  innu- 
merable 

**  Words  of  learned  length  and  thondering 
Mund,'* 

decline  to  enter  on  the  study  of  botany  as 
a  science.  They  will  find  in  it  nearly  100 
wild  flowers,  such  as  they  may  meet  with 
in  any  walk  of  a  mile  or  two  out  of  the 
populous  city,  so  accurately  represented 
in  colours  by  Mr.  Sowerby  that  the  recog- 
nition will  be  a  pleasure  instead  of  a  diffi- 
culty, and  so  agreeably  described  by  the 
authoress  that  a  new  interest  is  imparted 
to  even  such  well-known  plants  as  butter- 
cups and  daisies.  The  book  is,  however, 
but  a  selection,  and  as  it  omits  many 
favourites  of  our  occasional  days  in  the 
fields  and  woods,  and  on  tlie  sea-shore,  we 
trust  that  another  volume  will  contain 
them.  Mrs.  Lankester  is  already  favour- 
ably known  for  a  little  work  on  British 
Ferns,  and  we  wish  that  she  would  treat 
a  select  number  of  the  more  common 
garden  flowers  as  well  as  she  has  done  their 
wild  compeen.  She  would  thus  make  a 
TCTT  desanble  addition  to  the  stock  of 
gtudei  to  the  many  sources  of  instruction 
and  •mosement  that  the  vegetable  king- 
dom QUI  nipplj  eren  to  those  who  know 
BQlUnir  about  eiognis  and  endogena,  and 
an  fiurlj  fHghtened  by  the  mention  of 
» ericeip,  lamiacets  &c. 


Car  Lrm  Momto.  (Oxford  and  Ixnidon : 
J.  H.  and  JasL  Parker.)^  We  noticed  some 
aea  tlie  first  appearanco  of  this 
t\  and  ai«  gWd  to  find  that  it  has 

•  GaaiT.  1U«.,  Jaa.  l&U^  p.  7G. 


reached  a  second  edition.  Those  who 
wish  to  see  how  an  eminent  divine  treated 
the  question  of  the  redemption  of  man 
eight  centuries  ago  will  do  well  to  con- 
sult this  short  treatise;  and  perhaps  some 
misconceptions  as  to  the  character  and 
conduct  of  the  second  Norman  archbishop 
of  Canterbury  may  be  removed,  if  they 
will  also  read  the  clever  Introduction  which 
the  transUtor  has  prefixed. 


A  Guide  to  the  Isle  of  Man.  By  the 
Rev.  J.  G.  CuMMiirG,  M.A.,  F.G.8.  (Stan- 
ford.)— ^Mr.  Gumming  gives  a  very  inter- 
esting account  of  the  past  and  present 
state  of  Mona,  and  produces  statistics  in 
abundance  to  shew  that  it  is  a  more  de- 
sirable summer  resort  than  the  Isle  of 
Wight,  having,  he  says,  a  more  equable 
climate,  and  living  being  very  much 
cheaper.  His  book  is  mainly  an  itinerary, 
shewing  how  all  the  remarkable  spots  in 
the  island  may  be  best  vi^ted,  and  a 
minute  specification  is  given  of  the  nu- 
merous antiquities  that  are  to  be  found  in 
almost  every  parish.  The  history,  con- 
stitution, industry,  manners  and  customs 
of  the  Manxmen,  together  with  the  geo- 
logy, the  flora  and  fiiuna,  are  all  satis- 
factorily treated  of,  as  was  indeed  to  be 
expected,  for  Mr.  Gumming  redded  in  the 
island  many  years,  and  as  long  ago  as 
1S18  produced  a  work  on  the  subject, 
which  later  writers  have  too  crften  nsed 
without  acknowledgment. 

In  conclusion  we  must  remark  that  the 
book  has  a  good  map,  which,  with  all  need- 
ful information  as  to  hotels, expenses, modes 
of  transit,  Jcc,  will  enable  the  intending 
anmmer  toorist  to  judge  for  himself  as  to 
the  advisability,  or  not,  of  passing  a  week 
or  two  in  the  famous  old  Xorse  kingdom. 
We  would  advise  him  to  consider  the 
matter  seriously.  a%  according  to  Mr. 
Camming,  such  are  its  attractions,  that 
many  a  casual  visitor  has  been  perforce 
ct^nvortod  into  a  resident — and  it  is  not 
well  that  the  risk  of  such  an  expatriation 
should  be  ruhly  encounteited. 


11 


1861.] 


193 


APPOINTMENTS,  PBETEBMENTS,  AND  PKOMOTIONS. 


Sht  dott§  «rv  lioie  0/  a«  Qtuette  U  wiicA  tie  Appomlmtnt  or  Jtetum  appeared. 


Pre 

■r 

m 


EcCT.lUT4inCAI» 

/«>y  I.  The  Err.  Charles  John  ElUoott,  B.D., 
to  be  Detn  of  the  Cath^dnd  Churoli  of  Exeter, 
Toid  by  the  d«;ftth  of  ihe  !*«▼*  Thonuki  filU  Lowe, 
Utt!  Deftii  thereof. 

CrrtL,  Natal,  awo  Milttabt. 

/M»f  IS.  Order  of  KnlKhthood  LnstitqtM,  to 
be  castled  "  The  Mcwt  Euilted  Order  nf  the  Stu- 
of  India.*'  The  Order  to  coufiat  of  the  Sorereiifn, 
t  Orend  Movter,  and  twcntj-A^e  Knighitt  tofre- 
tber  with  extra,  or  honorarj-  Knigbtft  to  be  ftp- 
pointed  tuxa  time  to  titne.  The  KIohb  And 
Qqeenf  Hegnant  of  the  United  Klngduin  to  be 
SorereigDf,  iind  the  Vieeroj  and  Govemor-Gen. 
of  India  to  be  Gruid  MaKter». 

The  Right  Hoti.  Charter  John,  E«rl  CttitolBg, 
O.CB.,  and  H-!tt.'i  Vicvroy  and  Goyemar-Gen. 
o(  IndU,  to  be  Arat  Grand  Master  ; 

H.U.  Kiznm-ool-Moolk,  Nuvab  Tajinat  AU 
Khuit  NIxam  of  H^drsbsd; 

Gen.  fcheViseountOongh,  ILP.,  O.C.B.,  flocne- 
tinie  CommaodBr-in-Chief  of  H.M/i  forces  In 
tbeKactladiee; 

H .  H .  J  ji^l  ee  Rao  aiiidhia,  Mobonj  a  of  G  wAlior ; 

The  Lord  Horrias  tome  time  Qoremor  of  the 
Prewdency  of  Madras; 

B.U.  Mahar^  Doleep  Singh; 

Gen.  the  Lord  Clyde,  QX\B.,  Utdj  Cooiinan. 
4rT -In-Chief  of  H.M.'s  forcos  In  the  Eo^t  Indlei ; 

II, H.  Kunbeer  Singh,  Maharaja  of  Cojibmcre ; 

Sir  Oeorge  HuhkgU  Clerk,  IC.C.B.,  Governor  of 
Pve^dency  of  Bombay ; 

UM.   Tookoijee    Eao  Holkar,   Maban^  of 

(lore ; 

nil.  Maharaja  Khnnde  Bao,  Goloowai  of 
Barcida; 

The  m^ht  Hon.  Sir  John  Laird  M air  Lanrreace, 
bnrt,  OX.B.t  lately  Lieutenanl-GoTernor  of  the 
Punjab ; 

H.1L  Nurendor  Singh,  Mabaro^  of  Putlala ; 

Lieat<Oen.  8ir  iamee  Oatraro,  bart^  6.C.B., 
Utcly  iBioi^bor  of  the  Coundl  of  ibe  Govttnor* 
Gen.  of  India ; 

B.B.  N'uwab  Hekunder  Begum,  of  Bhopal; 

Gen.   hir  HoKh    Henry   Rose,  G.C.B.,  Com- 
<€hiei  of  U>M.'a  fonea  In  Um  Eoat 
and 
,  Yooiiif  AU  Khan,  Nuwab  of  Kampore, 

I  be  KnighU ; 

'  B.E.ii.  the  Prinoe  Conoort  and  B.R.H*  Albert 
Edward,  rrinoe  of  Wolee*  to  be  Extra  Knlgbta 
Bf  tb«  aoid  Moat  Esolted  Order  of  the  Star  of 
India. 

Mr.  Thomai  Lklbetter  approved  of  aa  Con«itl 
at  Kurrofihee  for  His  Majesty  the  King  of  Proasia. 

Mr.  Kkl  MnLachlan  approved  of  a«  Cimsidl  at 
Leith  fbr  the  United  Stotce  of . 
Oevt.  BUo.  Vol.  CCXL 


Major-Gea.  Oeerge  HaU  Maegregor,  C.B.,  iimw 
time  employed  aa  Military  ConnnSasionerattMbeA 
to  the  camp  of  Jung  Bohadoor  during  the  late 
matioy  in  India,  to  be  on  Ordtnary  Member  of 
the  CivU  Diviaion  of  the  Seeond  Class,  or  Knighta 
Comxnandera,  of  the  Most  Hon.  Order  of  the 
Bath. 

JuM  U.  Bir  Richard  Bcthall,  Knt.,  sworn  of 
the  Privy  Council,  Jiine  36,  and  appointed  Lord 
ChanceUor.  The  Right  Bon.  Sir  Richard  Betbell, 
Knight,  Chancellor  of  that  part  of  the  United 
Kingdom  called  Great  Britain,  and  the  heirt  male 
of  hia  body  Uwrolly  begotten,  lo  hare  the  dignity 
of  a  Boron  of  the  United  Kingdom  of  Great 
Britain  and  Ireland  by  the  name,  style,  and  title 
of  Baron  Westbary,  of  Wwtbury,  oo.  Wilia» 

To  be  Knights  Grand  Crone  of  tiie  Order  of  tlie 
Baihi- 

Gen.  Sir  Arthor  Benjamin  Clifton,  KX.B. 

Adm.  8ir  Phippa  Hornby,  K.C.B. 

Gen.  Sir  Jnincs  Archibald  Hope,  K^CB. 

Orn.  Sir  Thoniod  William  Brotbertan,  K.C.B. 

Gen.  Sir  Sanmd  Renjajnin  Auchmaty,  K.C.E. 

Adm.  Sir  BorringUia  Reynolds,  K.C.B. 

Gen.  Sir  Thoraaa  Wlllshirc,  hart.,  KX.B. 

Vice- Adm.  the  Right  Hon.  Sir  Manrtee  Fndie* 
rtck  Filshardlnge  Berkeley,  K.C.B.,  and 

LleoL-0«n.  Sir  Harry  David  Jonci^  K.C.B. 
To  be  Knighta  ComRandcra ; — 

Admiral  Edward  Harvey. 

LleuU-Gen.  William  Henry  He  well,  C,B. 

LleuL-G«n.  Ovorge  William  Paty,  C.B. 

LJeut^Gen.  Jaraee  Bliaw  Kennedy,  C.B. 

Lieut. -Gen.  George  Leigti  Goldie,  CBv 

Lietit.-Gen.  Jolin  Mlchcll,  C.B. 

%*tco-AdTn.  Henry  William  Brace. 

Vice- A  dm.  WtUiam  Panahawe  Martin. 

Major-Gen.  William  Brcreton,  C.B. 

Rear>Adm.  Lewlt  Tobias  Jones,  C  B,,  «ad 

Col.  the  Earl  of  Longford,  C,B. 

Henrx  Kieholaa  Du  verger  Be3rta,  eiq.,  to  be 
Protector  of  imnugranta  for  the  Island  of  Mau* 
rttlna. 

Nioholaa  Cox,  ew].,  to  be  Inapeetor^Oeneral  of 
Priaona,  and  David  IJlUe,  eaq.,  to  be  InApector 
of  Priaona,  In  the  colony  of  Britliib  Guiana. 

CapL  Woodford  John  WlUioma  to  be  Bear* 
Admiral  of  the  Blue. 

Juljf  2.  John  Scott  Ottshe,  esq,,  to  be  Colonial 
fiecretory  for  the  Island  of  Trinidad. 

Denis  Leahy,  eaq«,  to  be  ifnperintmdaiit  o# 
Pablle  Works  for  the  Island  of  Trinidad  { 

Charles  Lablnohe,  eeq„  to  be  a  i 
Maf|ri»truie  fur  the  island  of  Maurltlaai  and 

Thoxnaa  Uaguire,  esq.,  to  be  a  PoUm  ] 
tratc  fur  the  Island  of  Mauritius. 

Mr.  JoabuA  £.  Qiddiafa  approved  of  a*  Qmmilf 
8b 


194 


Birtht. 


[Ang. 


Gen.  in  the  BritiBh  North  American  ProTinoei 
for  the  United  States  of  America. 

July  5.  Simeon  Jacobs,  esq.,  to  be  Attorney- 
Gen.  for  the  territories  of  British  CalBraria. 

William  Branch  Pollard,  esq.,  Jnn.,  to  be  As- 
sistant CiTil  Engineer  for  the  Colony  of  British 
Guiana. 

Sir  WUliam  Atherton,  Knight,  Her  Majesty's 
Solidtor-Gen.,  to  be  H.M.'s  Attorney-Gen. 

July  9.  Roandell  Palmer,  esq.,  one  of  H.M.'s 
Counsel  learned  in  the  Law,  to  be  H.M.*s  Soli- 
eltor-General. 

July  16.  Hajor-Gen.  Thomas  Simson  Pratt, 
C.B.,  to  be  an  Ordinary  Member  of  the  Military 
Division  of  the  Second  Class,  or  Knights  Com- 
manders, of  the  Most  Hon.  Order  of  the  Bath ; 
Captains  Frederick  Beauchamp  Paget  Seymour 
and  George  Ommanne^F  Willes,  of  the  Royal  Navy, 
to  be  Ordinary  Members  of  the  Military  Division 
of  the  Third  Class,  or  Companions,  of  the  said 
Most  Hon.  Order. 

Charles  Perley  snd  Peter  Mitchell,  esqs.,  to  be 
Members  of  the  Legislatiye  Council  of  the  Pro- 
vince of  New  Brunswick. 

Mutu  Coomarasamjr,  esq.,  to  be  a  Member  of 
the  Legislative  Council  of  the  Island  of  Ceylon. 

Thomas  Brown,  esq.,  to  be  a  Member  of  the 
Executive  and  Legislative  Councils  of  H.M.*s 
Settlements  on  the  River  Gambia. 

Robert  Chl^>man,  esq.,  to  be  a  Member  of  the 
Executive  Council  of  the  Island  of  St.  Vincent. 

July  19.  The  Earl  of  Clarendon,  K.G.,  the 
Earl  of  Devon,  Lord  Lyttelton,  the  Hon.  Edward 
Turner  Boyd  Twialeton,  Sir  SUfford  Henry 
Northoote,  hart.,  the  Rer.  William  Hepworth 
Thompson,  M.A.,  and  Henry  Halford  Vaughan, 
esq.,  M.A.,  to  be  H.M.*s  Commiseioners  for  in- 
quiring into  the  revenues  and  management  of 
the  said  colleges  and  schools  of  Eton,  Winchester, 
Westminster,  CbarterhouM,  St.  Paul's,  Merchant 
Taylors,  Harrow,  Rugby,  and  Shrewsbury. 

Col.  William  Erskine  Baker,  of  the  Bengal 
Engineers,  to  be  a  member  of  the  Council  of 
India,  viet  Col.  Henry  Marion  Durand,  C.B., 
resigned. 


Thomas  Joseph  Hutohinson,  esq.,  late  B.M.'s 
Consul  at  Fernando  Po,  to  be  H.M.'s  Ooncol  at 
Bosario. 

July  23.  James  Coleman  Fitzpatridk,  caq^ 
barrister-at-law,  to  be  Judge  for  the  (erritories 
of  British  CafTraria. 

Frederick  Saunders,  esq.,  to  be  Treasurer;  and 

George  Vane,  ceq.,  to  be  Principal  CoUeetor  of 
Customs  for  the  Island  of  Ceylon. 

Charles  Henry  Johnes  Cuyler,  esq.,  to  be  Bc- 
oeiver-General  for  the  Island  of  Trinidad. 

Capt  William  Lawtie  Morrison,  B.B.,  to  be 
Snnreyor-General  and  Colonial  Engineer  tot  the 
Island  of  Mauritius. 

Commander  Henry  Thomsett,  B.N.,  to  be 
Harbour  Master,  Marine  Magistiwte,  and  Emi- 
gration and  Customs  Officer  for  the  Ooliny  of 
Hongkong. 

July  26.  The  Right  Hon.  Sir  George  Grey, 
bart.,  G.C  B.,  to  be  one  of  H.M.*s  Principal 
Secretaries  of  State. 

Sir  Robert  Peel,  bart,  was  (July  25)  sworn  of 
H.M.'8  Most  Hon.  Privy  CounciL 

The  Right  Hon.  Edward  Cardwell,  to  be  Chan- 
cellor of  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster. 

Mrmbebs  asTcaMKD  TO  ssnvs  nr  Pabliaxskt. 


July  5.  Borough  of  Wolverhampton.— 1 
Matthias  Weguclin,  esq.,  in  the  room  of  Sir 
Richard  Bcthell,  Knight,  who  has  accepted  the 
office  of  Lord  High  Chancellor  of  Great  Britain. 

July  9.  County  of  Longford.— lAent-ColxmA 
Luke  White,  of  the  Grange,  co.  Dublin,  in 
the  room  of  Col.  Henry  White,  who  has  ac- 
cepted the  office  of  Steward  of  H.M.*s  Manor  of 
Northstead. 

City  of  Durham.— 8]t  Wm.  Atherton,  Knight, 
of  Westboume-terr.,  Hyde-pk,  oa  Middleeex, 
H.M.'s  Attomey-GeneraL 

July  12.  Borough  of  Richmond.— Baaaditll 
Palmer,  esq.,  of  Portland-pl.,  co.  Middlesex,  in 
the  room  of  Henry  Rich,  esq.,  who  has  aoeepted 
the  office  of  Steward  of  H.M.'s  Manor  of  Hemp- 
holme. 


BIRTHS. 


May  14.  At  Dum  Dum,  the  wife  of  Capt.  H. 
J.  Lawrell,  6th  Royal  Regt.,  a  dau. 

May  15.  At  Jhansie,  Central  India,  the  wife 
of  Clarmont  J.  Daniell,  esq.,  Bengal  Civil  Service, 
a  dau. 

May  18.  At  Hooshingabad,  the  wife  of  O.  I. 
Chalmers,  esq.,  4th  European  Regt.,  a  son. 

May  23.  At  North  AUerton,  the  wife  of  C.  J. 
D.  Ingledew,  esq.,  barrister-at-law,  a  dau. 

May  31.  At  Kussowlie,  the  widow  of  George 
Carnac  Barnes,  esq.,  C.B.,  a  son. 

JiiTu  13.  At  Bermuda,  the  wife  of  Col.  Munro, 
C.B.,  commanding  the  troops  in  Bermuda,  a 
dau. 

June  15.  At  the  Rectory,  Ringmore,  South 
Devon,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Francis  Charles 
Ilingeston,  Rector  of  Ringmore,  a  son. 


June  16.  At  Cluny-house,  fftrathmy,  Perth- 
shire, tiie  wife  of  Major-Gen.  D.  Cnninghame,  of 
the  Bombay  Army,  a  dau. 

June  17.  At  Bangalore,  the  wife  of  Mi^or 
Lionel  Bridge,  Royal  Horse  ArUllery,  a  dau. 

June  18.  At  Belgaum,  India,  the  wife  of  Capt 
Merriman,  H.M.'s  Bombay  Engineers,  a  son. 

June  19.  At  Paris,  the  wife  of  J.  W.  McGeough 
Bond,  esq.,  M.P.,  a  son. 

At  Bonn-on-the-Rhine,  the  wife  of  Ueat-CoL 
Chas.  J.  Oldfield,  a  son. 

June  21.  At  Gillingham,  Kent  the  wife  of 
Capt.  Frederick  J.  Butts,  77th  Regf^,  a  son. 

June  22.  At  Princes-gate,  Lady  Skelmersdale, 
a  dau. 

At  Riseholme,  near  Unooln,  the  wife  of  the 
Bishop  of  Lincoln,  a  dan. 


1861.] 


Birihit, 


195 


AtEOitibttrgti,  Uie  wife  of  J.  T.  HopTrood,  taq., 
M.Pm  Bdau. 

At  Ea«tb(U7  Manor-hoiue,  Kun^y,  the  wUe  of 
Li^ut.-CoL  Elrin^Um*  RifU  Biigide,  k  nan. 

At  F&nt'houM,  M&idHtoae,  the  wife  of  George 
Selbf,  esq.,  m  ion, 

^tfj^e  23.  At  Friiic<e»-gftte,  Lady  Cofutance 
^  Oroarenor,  a  ton. 

At  LTtchctt-U&trayen,  Foole,  Dorset,  Ihe  wife 
Of  Major  Tilting,  B.A.,  a  »oii. 

At  Pemhridfj^e^gnrdenA,  the  wife  of  Major 
Boiler t  Gutlinc  MtcGretroft  a  dau. 

JvH*  M,  At  L4&vci6t(ikc<hou4c,  Hanta,  tb« 
|X«dy  ChArtotte  PortJil,  n,  scin. 

At  Canonieign -house,  Devon,  the  wife  of  ibe 
I  Hon.  Fleetwo<id  Fcllcw,  a  wn. 

At  tbp  Vicarage,  Sutton  Courtney*  Berks,  the 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Uownrd  lUce,  «  son. 

At  tferford-'tiilU  &c»r  Ojirord«  ibe  wife  of  Cupt. 
John  A.  Fune,  a  son. 

June  i^.  At  Holly-lodflfe.  Caropden-hill,  the 
CoQnteuof  Airlie,  a  ton. 

At  Sprlngwood'pk.,  Eeko,  Lady  Scott  Dougbut^ 
»  dau. 

At  Tjmenaouth,  Nortbnmberliind,  the  wife  of 
Edwaril  Gdwiurdii,  rKi,,  Tjiiemouth  Castle,  a  dau. 

At  Tcddiagton,  MUklleeex,  the  wife  of  tjie  Ilcv, 
Ucury  Wiile,  a  dun. 

At  Midford.  ibo  wife  of  Comiouider  Bailey, 
^^.N.t  a  son. 

At  her  (utber**  re^deace,  Dartmouth-grore, 
£kheatb,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Arthur  Joho 
E^iddell,  Vicur  of  Pains wkk,  GloucesU  rshirc, 
idaa. 

Jmmt  3R.  At  North-terrace,  Anglesey,  the  wife 
of  GapL  LoMellira  I) lake,  Uoyol  llarlnefl  Light 
Inftmtry,  a  dau. 

At  at.  iohu'fl  Panonnge,  Angell-town^  Brlxtoa, 
the  wife  of  the  EeT.  Matthew  YuugUao,  B.C.L.i 
•  aOD. 

Junt  37.  At  Rutland-gate,  Lady  Edwtkrd 
FitutUn  Howartl,  a  dam. 

la  Bt;lgrare-»q.,  Lady  Ootarla  Shaw  Stewart, 
s  too. 

At  Ftymouih,  the  wife  of  Col.  IL  Maade 
HamOtoo,  12th  Regt.^  a  aon. 

At  Little  Coocnbe,  CharlUjn,  the  wife  of  Lieut. - 
I  Col.  Lynedoch  Gardiner,  K.A.,  a  dan. 

Al  Bath*  the  wife  of  CapL  Archibald  Impcy, 
^Bmgal  Englneerc,  a  son. 

At  Bokcby  Rectory,  Torkhhiro,  the  wife  of  tile 
B«v*  Alfred  J.  Coleridge,  a  daa. 

Al  Boamere-ball,  t>u^ulk,  the  wife  of  Ak'^aadcv 
BailoWt  eeq.,  a  ion. 

At  Old  Sodbury  Vlcange,  Gloueestersbire,  the 
irife  of  the  Rer.  Robert  Seymour  Naab,  a  son. 

At  Great  Barrington,  Glouceftterahiie,  the  wife 
of  tbe  Rev,  George  Bode,  a  san. 

Jtm*  18.  la  Upper  Gro«veQor^t.,  the  Lady 
'  Mary  He ibcrt,  a  wn. 

At  Swarellffe-hAU,  Yorkiblre,  the  wife  of  John 
Greenwood,  em}.,  M.P.,  a  aon. 

la  Moi]tagnp-»t.,  Rui>iieU-Aq.,  the  wife  of  the 
EeVf  John  Fudey,  Rector  of  8t.  Michucl  Boasi- 
■haw,  A  dan. 

In  NiHtitig-bill-eq.t  thewifeof  Capt.  CroeamaD, 
I  B.£«.  a  datt. 


At  Vanzel-cottagc,  Mldhnnt,  the  wife  of  Capt, 
Berren,  Mrt  Begt.  M.N.L,  a  *on. 

At  Oaleroni-hUl,  Notta.^  the  wife  of  JohnYeieey 
Mnchin,  esq.,  a  »on. 

Jam  29.  At  Dufftyn,  Aberdare,  the  wife  of 
H.  A.  Bruce,  eaq.,  M.P.,  a  dan. 

At  Moy^boaae,  near  Fotrei,  If.B.,  the  wife  of 
John  Grant,  e«q.,  younger,  of  Glenmorbton,  a 
Bon. 

At  Cambridge- villa*,  Aldersholt,  the  wife  of 
MaJ.  Chms.  M.  Foster,  32nd  Light  Infantry,  a  dau. 

Junt  m.  At  Sutton  Vicarage,  lale  of  Ely,  the 
Hod.  Mra.  Charles  Spenecr,  a  aon* 

At  Chester*le-^treet,  co.  Durham,  the  wife  of 
the  Her.  J.  P.  De  Fledge,  a  son. 

At  Aldingbournu  Vicarage,  nc«r  Chicbeater, 
the  wife  of  the  Her.  0.  F.  Daniell,  a  dau. 

At  Harbledown.  near  CaJitcrbury,  the  wife  of 
Capt.  Henry  Tamer,  70lb  Regt,  a  dau. 

At  iJindford,  Wilta,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  J, 
Farnham  IfcMenger,  a  dau. 

At  Rom^gnte,  the  wife  of  Commander  Hubert 
Campion,  H.N.»  a  ion. 

At  BeverHtone  liectar)-,  Gloucestershire,  the 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Edward  Molxirg,  a  dau. 

July  I.  In  I^WTideft-«q.,  the  wife  of  Ueitt<« 
Col.  I^armonth,  of  Dean,  N.fl.,  a  dau. 

At  A^twcNiid  VicurukKe,  Bucks,  the  wife  of  the 
Rev,  Cliarlcs  Cumberlege,  a  dau. 

At  AbboU  Riptnn^halU  Iluntlngdot^  the  wif« 
of  Frederick  Rooper»  esq.,  a  ion. 

At  8toke,  Dcvonport,  the  wife  of  Major  E.  T. 
Wickham,  61  »t  Regt.,  a  *on. 

At  Sttriabury  Partonage,  Mrs.  Charlea  Fowler* 
a  dau. 

At  Cliff-eoltage,  Dawli^b,  the  wife  of  Llent.- 
CoL  R.  Smytbe,  a  dau. 

July  2.  In  Park*road»  Regent*6-park,  the 
Prinecfts  Victoria  Guuraiiuna,  wlfi;  of  LLeut.-Col. 
J.  rampt»cll,  a  dau. 

Itt  Srmth-st..  the  wife  of  Licnt,^ol.  C.  Towna- 
hend  Wilson,  twin  dnus. 

At  Kemerton,  Gloucestershire,  ^e  wife  of  the 
Rev.  Arthur  Baker,  M.A.,  a  dau.  ' 

July  3.  At  the  Norest,  near  Maly«iii,  the  Hon. 
Mm.  Norbury,  a  dan. 

At  Furnham,  .Surrey,  the  wife  of  Mi^r  BUgh, 
4il»t  Regt.,  a  wn. 

July  A,  At  Trabolgan,  oo.  Cork«  the  Lady 
Permoy,  a  dau. 

At   Felton  -  grange,   Shrewsbury,    the    Lady^ 
Francf»  Lloyd,  a  dati. 

jHly^,  At  Edmburgh,  Lady  Louis  Brooke, 
ascm. 

July  C.  In  Inremeaa-teTr.,  the  wife  ol  Henry 
Goodcnough  Haytcr,  esq.,  a  aou. 

At  xNorth -court,  Eastling,  Kent,  the  wife  of 
Baker  Murton,  e«Hq.,  a  dau. 

Juty  7.  At  Bath,  the  wife  of  Col.  J.  H.  Wynell- 
Hayow,  Bengal  Anny,  retired,  a  son. 

July  8.  At  CmdweU,  WUts,  the  wife  ol  Lieut.* 
CoU  Wallington,  a  dau. 

In  Gloucci»ter.pl„  Hj-de-pk,  tlie  wife  of  Capt. 
Montagu  Battye,  Bombay  Army»  a  «on. 

At  PolteAgrovo  Rectory,  the  wife  of  the  Rev. 
£.  Norman  Coles,  Rector  of  Battlesden-with- 
Fottccfiove,  Bedr,  a  loo. 


196  Bbrthi^^Mmmageu  [Ajlg. 


viteorCBpt.W.K.IfeMAi»Ejr^eil^ftKM.  VMBott  Seott,  ft  dn. 

At  tte  Bcctory.  BolfaB-bywBalInd,  Totta^         /W^  It.    liidy  Bill  illh.mdft^ 
ttrwifcortteBcT.J.  AIlaiWilaoa,ftdn.  (II  TftiiifcM|HM.  riiiiirtiiiiirT.  tfci  Tlfc  irf 

At  XMt-luD,  PvtiMe,  8hkz«  tte  vilfe  «r  CM.  WailnA  CtatiM  Uekft.  a  dn. 
BimdBlftker.aMB.  At  Boks  of  Ctoadrv,  an 

At  W^litwmdi  Bcdory,  «•  «1fc  «#  At  of  Mi^or  Oeorfft  a  Waftar, 


,MrlC    to  EsHB-fL, tte  Hob. Mn. Pikes-  Thlylt.    AtAkodcta,  fkrvli^arc 

feM^aMB.  Kikir,  esq.,  Fotiv  aad 

la  SofUkvkk-Vtea,  Hrda-ffBifc,  tte  vilfe  «r  ana. 

Hiif  ODtf.gi»,ftM-  toUppcrEectrKwil-,lfcewffcifHfyQMr 

.M^ll.    At  liiimiiia  BBCfqr.  Baf,  fh>  Qiya.  Ou— ■*«  EJC,  HJIA  "MfcM^,* 

^Mb«f1keBcT.l.  E.Fr7«r,  adaa.  aaoa. 

AtDHuOHlle,CMckkavcil,ttevilfearOiV^  JM^lt.    to  Bkarf-rt.,  Hbe  vl%  af  Ika  Hm. 

A.Ptietead.HJI.*»MkBc«t.MJ(X«adBa.  a   W.  Warns,  CS^   HJLIi  Mammf'^tm^ 

AtniiBattiiQaity.OaiaHLAewifceftka  ltiBliad,a««. 

Bev.  &  W.  Maapa,  a  daa.  /alyM.    At  Kiaalarti«.  Oacf  ^  fhaidfc  af 

At  Bnnhi,  «^i  aa,  Ae  wifcef  Iift.-0»L  W.  ttrBcr.W.a  La^do^  K^L^IWIavarQaMMr 

Q«ii»lrtrarHJL'%MkBc«t.MJIX,ana.  Cdkfe,  Gnikri^sr,  a  daa. 

.M^U.    At  TcatMT,  Me  of  Wi^kt.  tte  wtfb  AtlfceBayi  ninriil.  Ow^wkk,  tkaalfcaf 

af  liwt.  J.  M.  Bill  I W,  mjr.,  a  oaa.  Be^fMia  CMMe,  «^  13^ HJf^  - Baateb* 

AtWI    liiii,tkgwtfcaf  the  Bct.  ImwO.  ad«a. 

BHiiHiHTiI  ni|-|iB.     11-  AtAeQMft,%lii>aij,Mia>TkaiMaB»a*iek, 

JM^IS.  TWvifcarGlpt.AittBrFBcrKarr,  adaa. 

Aaoa.  At  Bftlpvea,  amr  F*B>an>.  tta  ar»  af 

At  CTiiiw,  Grtway.  Ae  arifc  af  OoBnattdg  W.  H.  Lave,  etq^  X.IK,  a  daa. 

jateW^MnkWc^B^^aaa.  ^a^r  21.     At  Bafk^.  t^  alfc  af  ttr  Bar. 

AtBBik,tke«ifc«riaBMKciik.ca^MJ)L,  a  B.  Baftektoiaa,  a  na. 

mr'j  DMJB.i  liMj.  ■  ana  JWy  S^    At  IliiiikaW,  tha  ^ifc  af  Majar 

.M^  U^    At  WnifafciH  Bttiai.i.  IHlta,  Aa  Haate^CB.,  BayalAitiBBy.aaaa. 
^MbaflkaBeT. 


MARRIAGES. 


M.    Atl 

t»  Say  C^AsiMwaMart  daa.  af  W.  a  Alki^  »a  kata  JaMfk  CteM.  ai«,  JJL,  FJiL&,  *a^ 

atow^  «*%,  ILXL  ari^aif>C^aawaIL 

4^rTtf  flL     At    St.  laka V  F^akaaaa,  Hcaay         /aa#  9iL     At  BaalA,  Sir  Gkaaiaa  DaafaTaw 

QiMiiaa    r*.iiaii.  tan-.  Bta»ai  CH^  SargaBa>  karu  af.^aaaij.iaLa^TMaayawt  S>.Laaiiaia 
laMtb  aaa  rf  W£ia»  ffaiaftu.  g^  BUn^Ta-         AtOnrt  Ownfc.  ^aiay.  Haay  aatBWta- 

■tw«.  )a  ikna  Dan.  Tuaaanc  Aaa  aflaMa  tta.  <■%,  Ur«L  aJLH  Ss^isa.  tfeitd  a«  af  CaL 
lajfta  c*%.  r^jiai  kta  «>  Ak 

JhylL    a:  C^ionwaad.  N<^rkrmK  T.  K.  aftkrisa^l 

BiteaaB.    «i^    C^pc    l9C     Eair>>     tour*"*  aflkaGavvau] 
Cm  I'll  w  »  Cac«±>e.  iiiii»i  Ava.  af  ^ 

Jhy  :iw   AsSaaagMre.J.BKvataBliitawai%,  HMlm.  ■%,  11  T.  if 

rfSirm^:iA>iaJaiaCapai»a>iniat*^€f  aaa  iMkaw  ta  Ltoa»  aaaaad  «Ba.  aflka  lata  1 
att   Jaii^Muai.    v«boBi4.  «a^  «f 

.^M  4.    Ai  Saanac  riaaalfcii.  VStaM  Pt^OT;  af  BJLV I 

>aRZH.  rsuTt  cu>  iT  a«  aa-  Bm.  Kiak.  U^nA  W^awaan. 

Amm  L      ^    Haifta.    ^Cova   5mC3^    )ia«Nr         ,^»r  £1    At  Sk.  WfrkariT^  Ckiaftat  n.  CaL 

SaSK^X.  P'lauiBa.iiar  j^^kt  KaymAraQsyw  Ckarsa  Ontv^  ICiK.  *rk  fti«t^  ta  < 

a  ari> 

AS  K-aJ^  laakM^  Jaaa»  C^aaar*  aa%.  i 
H  II     ^  sfe.  liarrX  i 

WB^  Pa:*«teiBL   aa^  M-k,  aai^  aaa  af  A.  Mwcmt.  M^  Bia^  Ufke  C^« 

L-Cai^  laiA.  Graaaa  Mfeaka^  ar  J 


1861.] 


Marriages, 


197 


CMpt.  ftith  Li(thi  Infantry,  Toimgrr»t  aon  of  C^pt. 
F,  HnUowcB,  R.N.,  of  Coc^i»  l>ol(rell}\  to  Louifta 
ColcDiiui.  second  dAU.  of  Thorn  as  Halluwe«,  e»q«, 
lieut.  R.N.«  of  Tunbridfre,  Kpnt, 

Jirti*  25.  At  C»pernwr»T,  the  Hon.  William 
Bpenoer  Flower,  wcond  son  of  Vbtcount  Aahbrook* 
to  AiifTutft  IfadeliiM  Benriftt&t  elde«t  dau.  of 
Oeorg*  MuloxLt  esq.^  of  Capemirray-biill,  I^ti- 

At  Boldre,  HaziU,  the  R*v.  Edward  O-  Eleri*, 
B.A.,  Uolvereity  College,  Oxford,  to  Mnry  Lane, 
fiati.  Of  tbe  ReT.  C.  Shrubby  Vicar  of  Boldr^. 

At  St.  Andrew's,  PlyiiKkqtb.  Major  Pftxireraldi 
Strft  (ttifl  Duke  of  WelHnfton'H)  Rrgt.,  only  mn 
of  lb*  lata  Col.  PiUKcniid,  f^Oth  Kin^'n  Kojal 
Siflo«t  lo  Amelia  Auiriiiita  Klpbln»taae,  Bccoud 
8biu  of  Ibe  Ute  CoL  EtphLmtone  Hollo WAf,  C»B^ 
Boyal  SnirineerB,  of  Belair. 

At  St,  Andrww'B,  Plymotith,  the  Rev.  Edmund 
n.  Woodward,  M. A..  Fellow  of  St.  Jotm'ii  College, 
Cambridf!^,  and  one  of  the  Mastcrt  of  Brifrhtoa 
Collefift  to  Thoma/»iTie  Jane,  younfreert  dau.  of 
John  Borlaiie,  e^q.,  of  If»Ifton»  CortawalL 

At  Whtaton,  TorkKhlre,  the  Reir.  Rtchard 
CThamtrta,  M.A.,  yotinRett  fton  of  the  late  Rer. 
Robert  Cbambrea  Charobres,  B.D.^  Llfs-Meir- 
chion,  Denblfrhshlre,  to  Marj,  dau.  of  John 
Waring,  esq,,  of  Hawori'h>ball,  Kotherbiim. 

At  St  Mary's,  Marylebone,  the  R<*v.  P,  E.  H, 
Brette.  D.D.,  to  KHi^abetb,  yotiDgeKt  dau.  of  the 
UtC  WUliftm  Raper  Cro^c,  esq.,  of  I1aiili*y  Castle, 
Worowttsnih  ire. 

JiMttt.  At  tfae  Royal  CbapeU  Windsor  Gr en t- 
pBfk,  Henry  Darid  Erflkine,  em).,  of  CardroM, 
piRlhahire,  Co  Horatia  Ehcabetb,  elde^t  dau.  of 
H^or-Oen  and  Ijidy  Emily  Seymoar. 

At  8t.  Jamc8>,  P«ddlngton.  Alexander  Young 
Knclfttr,  iwj.,  Capl.  H.M.'s  Bombay  Army,  ekie».t 
•CO  ol  Sir  J.^ho  Sinclairp  biirt.,  of  I>iinbe>ith,  to 
Margaret  Criobton.  eldest  iiau.  of  the  late  Jamen 
AlelOiB,  eaq.,  of  Bry^mntua-itq. 

At  Mcti1r«town,  Dublin,  Col.  Kennetli  Doufr^a 
Maeki^xle.  C.B.,  to  Mary«  second  dau.  of  Mujor- 
Oea.  Colomb. 

At  St.  Georipe'd,  Hanover-«q.,  the  Rev,  James 
W.  Field,  Curate  of  Brnybrooke,  Northmnpton- 
shlre,  lo  Cat^-erine  Emily  Wtnirfleld,  third  dau, 
of  the  fle«^.  J.  D.  Glennle,  of  Green  -  itreet, 
ClrotYraor<«i|. 

At  Sdgluuitoin.  Blrmiflgbam,  the  Rev^.  Fred. 
CUdcr,  A.M..  Hea<J  Mur^tcr  of  tkieGrammar-Bcbool, 
CnieatfrfleUl,  to  Selina,  duu.  tit  Geo.  England,  esq., 
Ed^baflton. 

At  ftl.  Tudft  Cornwall,  J.  T.  H.  Peter,  esq,,  of 
Cbjfvrtoa,  Ute  Fellow  of  Merton  ColleKe,  to 
Mtiy  Aon,  eldeit  dau.  of  J,  p.  Major,  esq.,  of 
I^mdlyii. 

At  Cmtliwaltr,  Ken  wick,  the  Rev.  Arthur 
WttUtm  BeadUm,  Incumbent  of  Wborlton,  efch 
■on  of  the  Lite  Ven.  Archd.  Hesdlatn.  to  Agnes 
Sarah,  joangeM  dau.  of  the  la!*  James  PaTeU^ 
••q.,  of  Derwent-lodge,  Keswiok. 

Jum§  17.  At  All  SjintV,  S:  Jobn*t'wood,  Wm. 
Henry  Six  Us  rd,  esq,,  to  Mary,  eldegttdau.  of  n«n. 
Oaire  TiKker,  C.B.,  late  8eng.il  Ciril  Serrtee. 

At  Ham  Prvston,  I>orsct.  Waring  A,  Biddle, 


esq..  Capt  B6th  Rcgt.,  to  Csrollae  Kmma,  eldest 
dau,  of  the  late  A.  O.  GUUat,  esq,,  of  Lewcs- 
crescentp  Brighton. 

At  Whipplngbam.  JameA  Edward  Gtbson,  esq., 
of  Went  Cowes,  to  Loulia  Matilda,  only  chHd  of 
the  late  Fleminpc  Cbupman,  e^tq.,  Copt.  R.N. 

At  Dorkmg,  Richard  RadclUfo  Twining,  esq., 
of  the  Strand,  London,  kte  of  IT.M.'sSSrd  {Duke 
of  Wellington**)  Regt.,  to  Mary  Jane,  eldePt  dau. 
of  John  Gilltam  SUlwcU,  i?*q,,  of  AruBdel-ftt., 
Strand,  and  Dorking,  Surrey. 

At  Great  Chart,  Kent,  Flenry  Oldman  Mann, 
cm].,  Cdpt.  13tb  Light  Dri goons,  eldest  son  of 
William  Augustus  Munn,  e»q.,  of  Throwley- 
bmitie^  Kent^  to  luibclla  Frunees,  elfiest  dau.  of 
the  Rev,  Nicholas  Toke,  of  Godenton,  Kent. 

At  Egremout,  Major  Kcnnion,  Bengal  Artil- 
lery,  third  »on  of  the  late  Rev.  Thorn ae  Konnion, 
t'*  Georgina  Loai^a^  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Tho*. 
Hartley,  esq.,  of  Cdlftjol,  Cumberland. 

At  St.  Marylebone,  Wlllium  Walliji  King^Capt. 
nth  Royal  Lancer«,  only  sun  of  William  C.  King, 
e«q.,  Warfleld-hali  Berk%  to  Katherine  Selina, 
teoond  dau,  of  the  late  Stuart  SulUrnn,  esq.,  of 
tbe  Madras  Cfril  Scrrice. 

At  Hcaritnie,  Ex^ler,  Wm.  Woodward  Sboret 
esq,,  of  St.  Mary  •Church,  Deton,  to  Kathsrlne 
I^uiso,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Jnmes  John 
Rowe,  Rector  of  St.  Mary -Arches,  Fjtetcr. 

At  Uromoliaire,  Edmund  Yates,  second  non  of 
the  late  Jonathan  Peel,  esq.,  of  Culhain,  Oxford* 
shire,  to  l.oulsa  Longridge,  eldest  dau.  of  the 
late  Henry  Palmer.  e«q.,  of  Shiiff,  eo.  Leitrim. 

JuHt  2».  At  St.  MaryX  Reading,  the  Rev. 
Henry  J.  Poole,  to  Mary  Elisa,  dau.  of  Anthony 
Gwj-n,  esq.,  Baron^-baU,  Norfolk. 

At  Hove,  Gordon  Sutherland  Morris,  enq., 
Cftpt,  15 Ih  Borobay  N,L,  to  Eliza,  widow  of  John 
Bin  grove,  eeq.,  of  Gloucester-Mi.,  London,  and 
Oraitge  Valley,  Jamacia. 

Jttt^  1.  At  Bishop's  Lydeard,  Somerset,  Edw. 
Ealelgh  King,  rsq  ,  kte  Capt  13th  Light  Dra- 
goons, eldest  *on  of  Bolton  King,  esq,  of  Chads- 
hunt,  W(U'«iek^hl^e,  late  M.P.  for  that  county, 
to  Susanna  Ocuvia,  youngest  daq.  of  Sir  John 
Hesketh  Lethbtidge,  bart,  of  Sandhill-park, 
Somerset. 

Julf  3.  At  Affkne.  W^aterford,  Sir  Charles 
Wheeler  Cuffe,  bart,  co.  Kilkenny,  to  the  Hon. 
Pauline  Stuart,  dou.  of  tbe  Right  Hon.  Lord 
Stuart  de  Dcciea,  of  DromanA,  co.  Waterford, 

At  St.  Peter's,  Not  ling -hill,  Archibald  Lewis 
Ftayfnir,  HM.'s  Bengal  Army,  youngest  son  of 
the  late  Lieut.-Col.  Sir  Hugh  Lyon  Flayffeir, 
LL.D.,  of  St.  Leonard's,  St.  Andrew'ii,  to  Isabella, 
eldest  surviving  r»au.  of  the  late  George  Huntley 
Grd,  eflq.,  of  Manchester. 

At  LlHnfechsin,  Montgomeryshire,  William 
Tbos.  Foster,  ec^j.,  2nd  Dragoon  Gusrds,  second 
ran  of  Ricbnrd  Foster,  esq,,  of  CaPtle,  LoAtwithiel, 
Cornwall,  to  Gwenellcn,  second  dau.  of  R  M. 
Bonnor  Maunoe,  esq.,  of  Bodyfoel,  Montgomery- 
shire. 

At  Finchampstead,  Berks,  Daniel  Proberl 
Framn,  H.M.'s  Assistant-Inspector  of  Schools, 
and  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  D.  P.  Fearon,  law  of 
As«itigton,  SuAolk,  to  Margaret  AmoM,  tcooad 


198 


Marriages. 


[Atm. 


dan.  of  Bonamy  Price,  esq.,  of  PrinceVterrace, 
H  J  de-park. 

At  Finchley,  Charles  Wilson,  esq.,  of  Lans- 
downe-houae.  Old  Charlton,  Kent,  to  Caroline 
"Woodthorpe,  yoangest  dau.  of  the  late  Joseph 
Childs,  esq.,  of  Liskrard,  Cornwall. 

At  St  Jame8%  New  Brighton,  the  ReT.  Charles 
Elsee,  M.A.,  Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, and  Assistant  Master  of  Rugby  School, 
to  Minnie,  second  dau.  of  Henry  Cram,  esq., 
Manor-lodge,  Li»card. 

July  3.  At  Walesby,  Notts.,  Sir  George  Mao- 
pherson  Grant,  hart,  of  Ballindallooh  Castle, 
Morayshire,  to  Frances  Elizabeth,  younger  dau. 
of  the  Rev.  Roger  Pocklington,  Vicar  of  Walesby. 

At  Frindsbury,  Kent,  Richard  Moore,  esq.,  of 
Kirkham,  Lancashire,  to  Dorothea  Myers,  dau. 
of  the  Rot.  James  Formby,  M.A.,  Vicar  of 
Frindsbury. 

At  St.  John's,  Notting-hUl,  James  Payne,  eldest 
son  of  the  late  James  Baker,  esq.,  of  Maidstone, 
to  Amy,  second  and  youngest  dau.  of  the  late 
Capt  Josiah  Wilkinson,  of  the  44th  Regt.  M.N.I. 

July  4.  At  Magheragall,  Walter  Wcldon,  Capt. 
47th  Regt.  n.M.'s  Madras  Army,  second  surviving 
■on  of  the  late  Sir  Anthony  Welion,  hart.,  of 
Bahinderry,  Queen's  Cou  Hy,  to  Louisa  Acheson, 
second  dau.  of  Sir  James  Maeauiay  Uigginsun, 
K.C.B.,  Brook-hill,  co.  Antrim. 

At  Beachley,  Gloucestershire,  Edward,  only 
furviving  son  of  the  late  Very  Rev.  George 
Markham,  D.D.,  Dean  of  York,  to  Harriet, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  John  Rumsey,  of 
Trellick,  Monmouthshire. 

At  St.  Stephen's,  Marylebone,  the  Rev.  Henry 
Pearce  Knapton,  B.A.,  Queen's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, to  Rachel  Newberry,  eldest  dau.  of  the 
Rev.  John  P.  Sargent,  M.A.,  Bentinok-terrace, 
Regent's-park. 

At  Clifton,  T.  B.  W.  Sheppard,  esq.,  eldest  son 
of  T.  Byard  Sheppard,  esq.,  of  Sel wood-cottage, 
Frome,  to  Mary  Anne,  only  dau.  of  the  Rev. 
Aaron  Rogers,  Incumbent  of  St.  Paul's,  Bristol. 

At  All  Saints',  Chichester,  the  Rev.  Chrislr. 
Thomas  Watson,  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  to 
Augusta  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  Wm.  Duke,  esq., 
of  Chichester. 

July  6.  At  St.  George*s,  Hanover-sq.,  Thomas 
Jones  Sherwood,  esq.,  of  the  Royal  Sussex  Light 
Infantry  Militia,  to  Mary  Cynthia,  youngest  dau. 
of  the  late  John  Jones,  esq.,  formerly  of  the  2nd 
Life  Guards. 

July  9.  At  Clapham,  Frederick  Pollock,  esq., 
formerly  of  the  Bengal  Engineers,  eldest  son  of 
General  Sir  George  Pollock,  G.C.B.,  to  Laura 
Caroline,  only  surviving  dau.  of  the  late  Henry 
Seymour  Montagu,  esq.,  of  Westleton-grange, 
Suffolk,  and  Thurlow-lodge,  Clapham. 

At  Lyndhurst,  the  Rev.  John  Compton,  Rector 
of  Minesteed  and  Lyndhurst,  to  Laura,  third  dau. 
of  Vice-Admiral  Sir  Charles  Burrard,  hart. 

At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.,  T.  W.  Booker, 
esq.,  of  Velindru,  near  Cardiff,  Glamorganshire, 
eldest  surviving  son  of  the  late  T.  W.  Booker 
Blakemore,  esq.,  M.P.,  to  Caroline  Emily,  young- 
est dau.  of  the  late  Robert  Lindsay,  esq.,  of 
.Glanafon,  in  the  same  county. 


At  Southsea,  Hants,  the  Rev.  Walter  Harry 
Tribe,  Rector  of  Stockbridge,  to  Sophy,  youngest 
dau.  of  the  late  Charles  Alexander  Lander,  eeq.» 
H.B.M.'s  Consul  at  the  Dardanelles. 

At  the  Oratory,  and  afterwards  at  St.  Paul's* 
KnighUbridge,  Capt.  John  Peyton,  18th  Huaears, 
eldest  son  of  Wynne  Peyton,  esq.,  to  Yiola^ 
eldest  dau.  of  Col.  John  Henry  Pringle,  Queen's- 
gate-terrace,  Hyde-park. 

At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.,  the  Rev.  Jamee 
N.  Bennie,  LL.B.,  Vicar  of  St.  Mary's,  Leieester, 
elder  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Dr.  Bennie,  to  Madeline 
Laye,  elder  dau.  of  Samuel  Dicksom,  esq.*  M.D., 
of  Bulton-st. 

At  St.  John's,  Notting-hill,  the  Rev.  David 
Ross,  senior  Curate  of  South  Hackney,  to  EUoh 
beth  Anne,  only  dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  Moseley, 
esq.,  of  Bedford-st,  Covent-garden,  and  Grove- 
hill,  Camberwell. 

At  the  British  Embassy,  Paris,  Edwin  James, 
esq.,  Q.C.,  to  Marianne,  widow  of  Capt.  Hilliard, 
late  of  the  10th  Husoars. 

July  10.  At  St.  George's,  Hanover-sq.,  M^or 
Dickson,  of  the  18th  Light  Dragoons,  and  Bel- 
ohester-house,  near  Coldstream,  to  Charlotte 
Maria,  dau.  of  Lady  Grey  de  Ruthyn  and  the 
late  Hon.  and  Rev.  William  Eden,  and  widow  of 
Dudley  Lord  North. 

At  St.  James's,  Piccadilly,  Charles  Sutton,  esq., 
to  Alice,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Sir  Wolatan 
Dixie,  hart.,  of  Bosworth-park,  Leicestershire. 

At  St.  Matthew's,  Guernsey,  Jonas  Watson, 
esq.,  of  Fairwater,  Glamorganshire,  to  Emily, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Msjor-Gen.  Sir  Octavius 
Carey,  C.B.,  K.C.H. 

At  the  British  Consulate,  and  afterwards  at  the 
British  Episcopal  Church,  Boulogne-aur-Mer, 
the  Rev.  Thos.  Wil«on,  B.A.,  of  Queen's  College, 
Oxford,  Corate  of  Buxton,  to  Cecilia  Frances 
Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  E.  Weigall,  M.A., 
Incumbent  of  Buxton,  Derbyshire,  and  Rural 
Dean. 

At  Crowhurst,  Sussex,  Carew  Louis  Augustus 
O'Grady.  Capt  Royal  Engineers,  son  of  Vioe- 
Adm.  O'Grady,  of  Erinagh-house,  oo.  Limerick, 
to  Emily  Caroline,  third  dau.  of  Thos.  Papillont 
CM}.,  of  Crowhurst-park,  Sussex. 

Also,  at  the  same  time  and  place,  Francis 
Gregory  Haviland,  barrister-at-law,  son  of  the 
late  Professor  Haviland,  of  the  University  of 
Cambridge,  to  Adelaide,  fourth  dau.  of  Thomas 
Papillon,  esq. 

July  1 1.  At  St  George's,  Hanover-sq.,  the 
Hon.  Frances  Blanche  Anne,  second  dau.  of 
Lord  Calthorpe,  to  the  Rev.  John  B.  Ffeilden, 
Rector  of  Baoonsthorpe,  Norfolk. 

At  AU  Souls',  Marylebone,  Wm.  S.  W.  Vaux, 
esq.,  M.A.,  of  the  British  Museum,  to  Louisa, 
eldest  dau.  of  Francis  Rivington,  ceq.,  of  Har- 
ley-st 

At  Charles  Church,  Plymouth,  Lieut-Col.  Edw. 
Lake,  Royal  Bengal  Engineers,  Commissioner  of 
theTrans-SutleJ  SUtes,  Punjab,  to  ElisaPenrose, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  Bewes,  esq.,  of 
Beaumont,  Plymouth. 

At  St  John's,  Upper  Holloway,  Joseph  Walter 
Tayler,  esq.,  F.6.S.,  eldest  son  of  Adm.  Tayler, 


1881 .1 


Marriages. 


log 


I  T.B..  to  Julia  CifoliDe  Ro«a,  elde«t  Ann,  of  Henry 
l>i«ni,  ccq.,  of  Upper  Hollo  way. 

At  at,  I(UrT*v,  Bererlcy,  Major  Fredrrick  G. 
Pjra,  B.M.  Uf?ht  Infuntry,  K.L.U.,  foungeat 
■on  of  Capt.  PjTa,  R.N.,  to  Mar)-  Ann  Rtixubcth, 
eldwl  dan*  of  Licut,-Col,  B,  GrunTille  LiiTard. 

At  Chriit  Church,  Newgate-**.,  Wm.  Jacobs 
eaq,.,  IL)I.*i  l&Uk  Regt.  Eomboy  N.I.,  second  mu 
at  tlie  Ifrte  Lirut.-Col.  WUlkm  Jftcob,  Dvimbay 
ArtiUerj,  to  Elixa,  M>coDd  dau.  of  the  Key.  Gvo. 
Andrew  Jacobs  D.D.j  Head  MaDtcr  of  Chrlst'i 
HoipitJil. 

At  Sparkford,  Somcr*«t,  the  Rer,  C-  M.  Church, 
Vice- Principal  of  the  Theolojricil  College,  Well*, 
to  Elixjibetb  M»rjr,  fifth  d^u.  of  the  ReT.  H.  Bea- 
Hell,  Hector  of  Spark  ford. 

At  All  Saint ji%  Colchester,  Edward  Cooduitt 
Bk knell.  e«c}.,  38th  Regt.,  dder  ton  of  the  linte 
Kltumaii  Ukknell,  e»q.»  South-place,  Ilemr-hilt, 
to  Amelia,  fourth  dau.  of  Stephen  Drown,  e>q., 
J.P.,  Oraj  Friars,  Colchest^r. 

Juiy  Ifl.  At  St,  John'K,  Paddinglon,  the  Eev, 
Kob^rt  Gregory,  to  Ch.irlot^fi  Atinr,  joungesit 
dan.  of  tile  late  Adm.  the  lion.  Str  H.  Stopford. 

At  Frome  HlAhop,  the  Re*^.  W.  J.  Swajne,  of 
Whiteparlnb,  Wilt*,  to  Diana,  eldest  dau.  of  the 
late  W.  r,  SbBokbargb,  esq.,  of  the  Hoot,  Down- 
ton,  Wilts. 

At  St.  Andrew^t,  Flfinoatb,  Tboa.  Broogham, 
elde«t  Mn  of  T*  D.  Sowerbf ,  e*q,,  of  Blaekbeuth, 
to  Jtkiie,  only  BUrriiriiig  dau.  of  the  liLte  Capt.  W. 
Stepbenn,  R.N. 

At  More,  Shropshire,  the  Rbt.  MaaHce  Lloyd, 
Rf^cto^  of  Mofitgomery,  to  Hjurielt  Lotuna,  only 
dau.  of  the  Her.  Tbooia*  Predcrick  JUore,  of 
Linley-h^iU,  bhropahlre. 

At  Great  Harlow,  Bnotis,  LienL^Col.  Pordval 
Fenwiek,  ^9th  Reft.,  youngcat  *on  of  the  lute 
Col,  I'enwick.  C.B.,  Llent.-GoTcnior  of  Pen- 
dcimi!*  Caistle,  Cornwall,  to  .Sophia^  third  dim. 
of  Owen  Wetbered,  eM].,  of  Remmuiu,  Great 
MatIow. 

At  Trelbant,  Lieut. -Col.  Wilbraham  Oatet 
l4flnoiU  Royal  Enptlneerft,  peoond  mn  of  Ivord 
George  Leuno^i,  to  Mary  Karrii-tt,  ditu.  ul  Rubert 
Harrison,  esq.,  of  Pbu  Cl(>U|(rh.  Deriblirb. 

At  Iltlllngdon,  Horace  Chaplin,  eK|.,  of  Stock- 
irall,  Moond  mo  of  tbe  Uie  W.  J,  Ciinplin,  ««q., 
of  Byd6>pafk*^gnrdenA,  to  Helen,  eldest  dau.  of 
Janea  MonTgomery,  c^.,  of  Pole-hill,  HlHinf- 
don,  Bzid  BreuLford,  Miadl^Bex. 

At  Trinity  Church,  Mar>'1cbone,  Joseph  Shap- 
land,  eaq.,  ofCliftoD.  and  of  Cradley,  Bereford- 
■Ure,  lo  Sarah  Luui«a,  >  nunge^t  dau.  of  the  late 
Oeoigt  Bracti  esq.,  of  Ca\'etidt»b-equare. 

Jmfy  17.  At  Bere  Hefia^  John  Boa  worth  Smith 


Marriott,  e*q.,  of  the  itb  Dragoon  Guard  a, 
Bccond  aon  of  the  Rer.  Wm,  Smith  Marriott,  of 
HorBtnonden,  Kent,  to  Prancea  Julia,  aecoxid 
dau.  of  C.  J.  Rudcl)  ffe,  eflq.,  of  Fozdenton-hall, 
Lancashire,  and  Hytie,  Donct. 

Juttf  18.  At  St.  Gcoi^^a,  IIa:norer-»q,,  Theo- 
dore Hervry  Brinckman,  caq.,  eldest  son  of  Sir 
Thcod'ore  Brlncknuui,  bart.,  of  St,  Lconard'a, 
Wlndwor,  to  the  Liidy  Cecilia  Augusta,  yotulg?c«i 
dau.  of  the  Marquis  of  Conynf  ham. 

At  St,  Manin-iifthe-FicldA,  Capt.  EgertOR, 
of  the  Coldvtrcam  Guarila,  eldeat  aon  of  Sir 
Pbitip-de-Malpa«  Grey-Kgerton,  hart,,  of  OuHoa- 
park,  Chester,  Jo  tlie  Hon.  Henrietta  Dtni>on, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late,  and  aii»tcr  of  the  prcMoat, 
Lord  Landesborougb. 

Alfo,  It  the  t^me  time  and  p!nce,  the  Hon. 
Arthur  Wrottcsley,  eldest  *on  of  L<ird  Wroilea- 
ley,  to  the  Hon.  Auguma  llenlson,  second  dau* 
of  the  late,  and  sister  of  the  preaent.  Lord  Londeo- 
boroDKh. 

At  Trinity  Church,  Tunb ridge  Wells,  the  Re%'. 
Jtibn  Huph  Way,  Vicar  of  Hen  bury,  Uloucent^  r- 
altlie,  to  Cnrcilinc,  second  dan.  of  tbu  Ute  Rcar- 
Admiral  Sir  W.  Kttward  Parry, 

At  Ueniingstone,  Suffolk,  Geotge  Maw,  F.L.S,, 
F,8.A.,  of  B  nlhallhall,  Broseley,  Siropabire, 
elder  son  of  J.  Hornby  Maw,  Imte  of  Haatinga, 
to  Frederica  Mary,  second  da  a.  of  the  Ker. 
Tbomna  Brown,  Vicar  of  Hemliig«tone. 

July  19.  At  St.  John*s,  Keswick,  Charles  0. 
F.  Know  lea,  Lieut.  R.N.,  only  'on  of  Sir  Francis 
C.  Knowles,  bart.,  to  Eli^tabeth,  only  child  of 
J«>bn  Cbaproan,  e.Hq„  of  Ck'vcland-aquare,  Hyde- 
park, 

Jutff  20.  At  Marylebone  Church,  W|]]iara 
Wybrow,  youngest  *iou  of  the  lateM^^jor-Ciieneml 
Koh^rtaon,  to  Alice  Mary,  duu.  of  the  Rt.  Hun, 
Thonias  M liner  GibMjn,  M.P. 

At  St.  John's,  Rkehuiund,  Hand*  Edward 
Bcolt.  e*q.,  of  the  7th  Drapion  Guarda,  eldest 
•OS}  of  Sir  Claude  Scuit,  biu  t.,  to  Maria  Selena, 
second  dau.  of  H.  C,  Bunicy,  esc].,  LL,D..  of 
Rtchmofid,  and  grand  dau,  of  the  late  Admirml 
Searle,  C.B. 

Jnfjf  25.  At  the  Old  Church,  Brighton,  J.  Grunt 
Malcolm  son,  e^,,  3rd  Bombay  Cavalry,  t^econd 
^n  of  the  late  Jaines  Mal»>lrtiMin,  eaq,,  of  Camp- 
den-hill,  KeuHington,  and  Gloucester -isqu are, 
Hydc*p«rk,  to  Annette  KliJiabeth,  elder  dau. 
of  the  late  William  Grimuilc,  e»q.,  of  Albany -st.. 
Regent' «-park. 

At  St.Jaines'a,  Dorer,  Charloa  Richard  Kill- 
oombe,  e»q.,  of  Alpbington,  Eieter,  Ut  Llizabeth 
Mary,  widow  of  Mujor  Stephen  H.  Chiipnijm, 
30th  Kegt 


200 


#I)U«aij>. 


iMehtivet  or  Friends  tupplfi*^  Memoira  are  requetted  to  ajtpend  thtdr  AddrwneM^  tn 
order  thai  a  Copjf  qfth«  Gsktlemas'b  Maoazuts  caniaining  their  Comfmnicatiom* 
m<^  he  forwarded  to  them*']        


H.LM,  TBS  SlTLTAir. 

June  26.  At  Coiutantinnple,  aged  88| 
the  SnltaQ  Abdul  Mecyid  Khan. 

This  prince,  wfao  was  the  thirty^Hrat 
■overeign  of  the  Hoe  of  Otbnlan,  and  the 
tweoty*eighth  since  the  Turks  established 
themselvefl  at  Coustuntiaople,  wai  the  son 
of  Mabmoud  H.,  the  great  introducer  of 
Huropeaii  reform«,  and  was  born  on  the 
23rd  of  April  1B23.  He  had  not  tang 
eompleted  hi*  sixteenth  jear,  when  the 
foroet  of  the  empire  were  routed  at  Nizib 
%j  Ibrfthlm  Paiha ;  the  Snltan  Mahinottd 
died  %  hw  days  after,  and  on  the  2nd  of 
July,  1889,  the  young  prince  succeeded  to 
au  almost  notninal  empire.  To  gain  the 
iupp<irt  of  the  European  Powers,  his 
niiinititera  pliuced  him  unreservedly  in  thetr 
hands,  and  hrom  tins  state  of  tutt'lage  he 
never  emerged.  His  powerful  protectors 
were  in  reality  his  niRfter^,  and  their  am* 
bastiadors  and  Cfjn6uls  mort*  truly  ruled 
the  state  than  his  grand  yiziers,  and 
•eruskiera,  and  pashas  $  his  own  share  in 
the  government  was  literally  nothing,  for 
he  kept  himself  shut  up  more  closely-  than 
even  Oriental  sovereigns  generally  do,  and 
was  only  known  to  his  people  by  hii  ex.- 
travagant  expenditure  on  his  favourites 
and  his  palaces,  which  swallowed  up  all 
the  resources  of  the  state,  and  left  even 
the  army  onpaid.  The  European  powers 
advined  aud  remonstrated,  but  in  vnin; 
all  their  projects  for  raising  the  Christian 
subjects  of  the  empire  to  an  ecjualty  with 
the  other  races  were  received  with  much 
apparent  deference,  and  Imperial  ediota 
were  issued,  which,  aa  far  as  words  went, 
were  all  that  oonld  be  deaired,  but  tliey 
were  never  put  in  force,  and  only  afforded 
groanda  for  ch urges  of  bad  fiiith  against 
the  indolent  Sultau  and  his  advisers,  many 
of  whom  had  a  sincere  hatred  and  dread 
12 


of  all  the  Chriitian  Powers,  whtbt  others 
were  the  all  but  avowed  agents  of  Russia. 
This  latter  Power,  which  had  long  arro- 
gated to  itaelfau  exclusive  protectorate  of 
the  Christian  subjects  of  the  Porter  and 
was  by  most  of  them  regarded  aa  their 
real  sovereign^  encoumgt'd  by  the  appa- 
rently irremediable  weakneM  of  Turkey 
at  length  ventured  to  propose  its  parti* 
tioo,  hut  found  the  project  unfavourably 
reoeived  by  the  rest  of  Europe;  not  dis- 
couraged by  this,  she  puruued  her  in- 
trigues, and  having  fastened  a  quarrel  on 
the  Turks,  on  the  snbject  of  the  Holy 
Flacesj  she  commenced  a  war  which  pro- 
mised tj  effect  all  her  ends.  England 
and  France  then  took  up  arms,  and  the 
war  of  1854-56  followed,  the  result  of 
which  WHS  to  re-estnhlish  Turkey  as  securely 
as  any  state  that  is  unable  to  protect  itseL' 
can  expect  to  be.  The  war  had  shewn 
that  the  Turks  possessed  more  military 
strength  than  they  had  received  credit 
for,  and  that  they  bad,  in  the  persona  of 
Oumr  Pasha  and  Fuad  Pashti,  men  of  real 
ability  and  statesmanlike  views;  henc«  it 
was  eoi]ceived  possible  that  their  empire 
might  be  "  regenerated"  as  it  was  tcrmedf 
and  sohemis  for  substituting  something 
like  Constitntional  rule  for  the  old  ftina- 
tical  despotism  wore  urged  on  the  Porte, 
were  courteously  recel^red,  and  never  acted 
on.  In  the  meantime  idl  the  old  signs  of 
the  decay  of  the  empire  (aptly  described 
by  the  Kussian  emperor  as  the  "tnck 
man'^  re-appeared.  It  was  seen  that  the 
8ultan  was  a  mere  pnppet  in  the  hands  of 
his  intriguing  ministers,  and  that  ns  long 
as  they  found  money  for  hia  extravagant 
pleasures,  they  might  rule  as  they  pleated* 
In  consequence  of  this  the  introduction  of 
EoropeHu  skill  and  capital,  which  was  con- 
templated after  the  war,  and  which  might 


4 


1861.]         n.I.M.  t/ie  Sultan.~T/ie  Lord  Braffdnoie. 


301 


eftl'ct  wonders  in  a  country  of  auch  grestt 
natural  riches,  never  took  pluoe,  u^  no 
security  cotild  be  telt.  unci  the  treasury 
fell  so  bopelcssily  Into  debt  thut  the 
Oovernment  had  neither  money  nor  cietlit. 
From  thoie  uud  other  catttcs,  the  fleet 
and  army  were  broii|?ht  to  their  old  etate 
of  weakness,  the  prov^inces  on  the  Danube 
have  become  virtually  independent,  and 
instirrectioutt  hii¥o  broken  out  in  many 
other  quarters,  more  pnrtiL-uhirly  in  Syriii, 
irhich  tUe  Porte  ha^  been  unablo  to  deal 
with  without  the  dangiTOUs  «iMstai]ee  of 
France,  In  the  midst  of  these  eonfueians, 
Abdul  Medjid,  who  had  Lon^  been  in  a  de* 
pluruble  state  of  weakness  Ixtth  of  body 
and  mind,  died,  leaving  the  tlinme  to  hia 
brother  Abdul  Aziz,  a  man  seven  >eara 
younger,  and  who  is  stated  to  he  a  tttrik- 
ing  contrast  to  him  in  every  re»pect.  Ho 
tuK  commenced  his  reign  with  sweeping 
n^actions  in  the  palace,  has  banished  the 
prioje  minister  of  hts  brother,  and  by 
edictii  hiis  promi.sicd  civil  and  religious 
equality  to  all  his  subjects,  retronchuieiit, 
refbrro,  Slc.,  as  freely  as  any  Constitu- 
tional sovereign  would  do.  Whether  these 
edicts  will  be  carried  out^  and  whut,  if 
carritd  out,  their  etTects  may  be,  is  mere 
SDfttter  of  cotyecture  j  but  it  hardly  ad- 
mits of  doubt  that  Ei^gland  and  Fninco 
will  not  a  tecoud  time  take  up  arras  in 
defence  of  n  power  that  has  so  plainly 
shewn  alike  its  weakness  and  its  bad  faith, 
«nd  wittiout  their  aid,  its  subversion  by 
UoMia  may  be  regarded  as  a  moral  cer- 
l^iity, 

Tlie  late  Sultan  ban  left  a  family  of  six 
•Otii  and  eight  daughters,  five  of  whom 
wn  married.  The  husbands  of  t«^  o  of  them 
are  of  the  fainiiy  of  Mehemot  Ali,  and 
another  (now  dead)  was  ft  son  i^f  the 
wtdbknonu  Rechid  Pasha,  Contiary  to 
the  fbrm«  r  barbarous  eustont  of  besring 
•'no  brother  near  the  throne,"  Abdul 
Hcdjid  spared  the  life  of  his  brother  Abdul 
Ath,  who  was  born  Feb,  9,  1830,  The 
prince  wns  kept  in  studied  sectlusioiu  but 
he  is  Qndersl'oocl  to  hiive  received  (for  a 
Turk)  a  really  liberal  education,  and  be 
has  cvineeil  its  gtiod  etTects  by  kind  treat- 
ment to  his  nephewn,  the  eldest  ofwh./m 
be  has  placed  in  office  as  go?emor  of  a 


province,  thus  making  one  not  inconsider- 
able step  in  a^simlluting  the  condition  of 
his  empire  to  that  of  other  Europcaa 
states* 


Teb  Lobd  Bratbbo^kb. 

Feh.  22.  At  Audley  End,  aged  4}, 
Kichard  ComwaHis-NeviUe,  Lord  Bray- 
brooke,  F,S.A.,  bereditHry  V^isitor  of  Mag- 
dalene College,  Cambridge,  High  Stewt.rd 
of  Wokingham,  Berks.,  and  Vice -Lieuten- 
ant of  the  county  of  E«sex. 

The  deceased  nobleman  was  the  eld.  «t 
son  of  Richard,  third  Daron  Braybrotke 
of  Braybrooke,  co»  Northampton,  by  Jane, 
drtoghter  of  Charles,  second  Marquis  C'orn- 
widliH,  He  was  horn  March  17,  1820;  Im 
married,  Jan.  27,  1852,  Lady  Charlotte- 
Saruh-Unibam  Toler,  sixth  cliiugbter  of  tbu 
second  Kari  of  Norbury,  by  whom  be  leaves 
lasoe  two  daughters,  Catherine-Elizabeth 
and  Mary- Isabella* 

Lord  Braybrooke  was  educated  at  Eton  j 
from  early  jears  he  shewed  a  taste  for 
literary  and  aatiquarian  pursuits,  which 
doubtless  received  a  strong  iinpultje  in  his 
moturer  life  from  paternal  influence.  The 
fN3n  of  one  so  eminent  in  bistorlcnl  arid 
topngraphical  invcatJgations  a.H  the  noblo 
author  of  the  **  History  of  Audley  End/* 
and  cdil<^>r  of  the  **  Diary  and  Correspond- 
ence of  Popys,"  may  be  said  to  have  been 
nurtured  in  the  love  of  national  history 
and  antiquities.  In  1837  he  entered  the 
army,  having  obtain ed  a  commission  in 
the  Grenadier  Guards,  and  he  served  with 
Ibat  regiment  in  Canada  iigui list  the  rebfds 
in  the  winter  of  1838,  On  Nov.  5  in  ibut 
y^ir,  he  naiTowly  tscjiped  losing  his  lifo 
in  the  St,  Lawrence,  in  the  generons  en- 
di  avour  to  rescue  a  drowning  man  from 
its  icy  waters.  He  had  been  suddenly 
ordere<i  with  his  regiment  from  Quebec 
to  attack  the  rebels,  who  were  in  great 
force  at  Reauharnois,  The  Guards  paraded 
by  torch-light  in  a  very  dark  night,  and 
marched  to  embark  on  lx>ard  a  stejiuier. 
When  tbey  reached  the  wharf  there  was 
a  sudden  cry  of  **tt  man  overboard." 
Heedless  of  his  own  safety  he  immcdintely 
rushed  forward  to  render  as^stance,  ai.d 
overstepping  the  wlinrf,  was  plunged  into 
06 


203 


Obituary. — The  Lord  Braybrooke. 


[Aug.  " 


the  St,  L«wrenc6,  encambered  as  ho  wu 
with  Qniform  and  acoontremcnta,  aod  a 
iliick  coat  with  which  he  had  provided 
hiTDftcIf  against  an  Inclement  n^ght.  Al- 
though a  good  swimmer,  he  with  difficolty 
reached  a  boat,  to  which  he  clung  tintU  in 
the  darkness  of  the  night  rescue  at  length 
arrived.  In  1841  be  quitted  the  army 
through  ill-health,  and  for  iomo  years, 
aided  in  all  his  occtipiitions  hy  the  gentle 
sympathy  of  an  aftcctionate  and  aocom- 
plifihed  sbter,  he  devoted  himself  with  re- 
niivrkahle  energy  and  perseverance  to  his 
favourite  pursultii  in  vaHoos  branches  of 
natural  hti torj,  but  etpeciaUy  to  that  sya* 
tematic  investigation  of  Boman  and  Snxon 
remmits  In  the  neighbourhoml  of  Audley 
End  through  which  he  attained  to  so 
distinguished  a  position  among  the  [nrac« 
tical  arcbiDologisU  of  his  day.  He  was 
always  extremely  earnest  and  energetic  in 
proeeonting  his  researches ;  at  one  period 
geology  had  been  his  favourite  pursuit, 
and  he  formed  a  very  good  cullection  of 
foasUs^  the  greater  portion  of  which  he 
ultimately  presented  to  the  Wiildeu  Mu* 
ienm.  He  also  brought  together  a  beau- 
tiful aeries  of  stuffed  birds,  including  the 
greater  number  of  the  iiicligenons  species ; 
this  scries,  arranged  with  great  taste,  will 
be  preserved  with  his  other  ooUeetions  as 
heirlooms  at  Audli'y  End.  The  most  re- 
markable feature,  however,  of  those  ex- 
tensive collections,  ia  the  Museum  of  Anti- 
quities of  every  period,  the  creation  of  his 
own  well'directed  and  indefatigable  ex- 
ertions, and  eon&isting  almost  exclusively 
of  objects  brought  to  light  at  the  Homan 
Station  at  Great  Chesttrford,  or  at  other 
fiites  of  Homan  occupation  in  the  vicinity 
of  Audley  End,  and  also  from  many  other 
localities  to  which  his  researohea  extended, 
especially  the  remark  able  Saxon  cemete- 
ries excavated  under  his  directions  near 
Little  Wilbraham  and  Linton,  In  Cam- 
bridgeshire, during  the  autumn  of  1851 
and  the  winter  of  the  following  year. 

On  the  death  of  his  father,  in  March, 
1858,  he  aocceeded  as  fonrth  Baron  Bray- 
brooke ;  and,  mmtdat  occupations  of  greater 
moment,  be  pnrsoed  with  unremitting  in- 
terest those  oosgenial  subjects  of  enquiry 
to  which  for  many  years  his  attention  was 


ao  advantagecnsly  dlreete^l.  Rls  eabinei 
of  British  and  Eoman  coins  chiefly  brought 
4o  light  in  the  oonrse  of  his  own  explo- 
rations, and  also  the  rich  DactyUotheea^ 
the  object  of  bis  especial  predilectioni 
in  kter  years,  may  be  nnmbercd  among  I 
the  mo«t  important  private  collectiona  of  ' 
their  kind  existing  in  this  country. 

The  hunented  nobleman  shewed  on  bH 
occasions  the  greatest  liberality  and  cour- 
tesy in  imparting  information  regarding 
the  results  of  his  reaearchca,  and  in  per- 
mitting acceas  to  his  museum.     He  was 
associated  with  several  societies  instituted 
for  the  extension  of  antiquarian  and  his*  J 
torical  researches.   On  March  25, 1817,  ho  j 
was  elected  Fellow  of  the  Society  of  Anti* 
qnaries,  and  he  made  oommunications  from  j 
time  to  time  to  that  learned  body,  re- | 
garding  his  explorations  at  Chesterford,  j 
Hadstock,  Tri  plow-heath,  Royston,  Little  I 
VVUbralmm,  &c.      A  notice  of  the  dis- 
co veriea  miide  by  him  in  1845  at  Chester- 
ford  is  given   in   the   Archceolo^iat  voL 
xxxii.  p,  350,  and  an  account  of  the  five        ^ 
harrows  near  Hoyston  may  he  fonnd  in  , 
the  same  volnme,  p.  357.    His  subsequent  j 
oommimkatious  are  briefly  notice<l  in  the  j 
Frocoedlngs  of  the  Society,  vol.  ii.  pp.  192, ' 
199* 

Lord    Br^iybrooke   communicated  alto 
several  valuable  memoirs  to  the  Journal  of 
the  British  Archseological  Association,  and 
to    the   ArchiDoIogical  Journal;    in    the 
former  may  be  specially  cit^  his  report  on 
the  examination  of  the  Roman  station  at  I 
Chesterford,  vol.  ii.  p,  208,  prepared  for  ' 
Gommonication  to  the  Congress  of  the 
Aasociation  at  Warwick  in  1817<    To  the  i 
Journal  of  the  Arclueological  Institute,  of  ] 
winch  Society  ho  became  one  of  the  Vice- 
Preddents  in  1850,  and  continued  to  hold  j 
that  position  until  the  time  of  his  deceoj^,  j 
Lord  Braybrooke  was  a  frequent  coulrl* 
butor.    The  following   are  his  principal  I 
communications:— Memoir  on  DiMX>veries  j 
at  Ickleton  and  Chesterford,  1818,  Archjp- 1 
ological  Journal,  vol.  vi.  p.  14 ;  Itesearchei  1 
at  Woyoock,  Berks,,  ibid.,  p.  114;  Roman] 
VlUa  at  Badstock,  voL  viii.  p.  27;  Cxca*^ 
vations  near  the  Fleam  Dyke,  Cambridge* 
shire,  voL  ix.  p.  £26 ;  Roman  Remaint  at  ' 
Hadstockj  BartWw,  and  Ashdoo,  Essex* 


I 


^ :».      1 


18G1.] 


OniTUAnY. — 77«c  Lord  Braybrooke. 


203 


nnn 

E 


Tot.  X.  p.  14 ;  Remark*  on  Roman  Pottery, 
discovered  in  Cftmbiidgcshire  nnd  Rsbox, 
ibid.,  p.  22-i;  Ancient  Cftmbridgethire,  ft 
comprebcfistve  survey  of  ve«tige«  of  early 
occupation  in  drabridj^eshlre  and  Enox, 
cbicQy  tbe  rcsnlt  of  pcnionnl  observation, 
(lie  jng  Lortl  Braybrooko'a  addrcis  delivered 
19  President  of  tb©  Section  of  AntiquitleB, 
lit  tbe  Anntud  Moeting  of  tho  Injtiiute  in 
Catnbndge,  in  1854,)  vol.  xi.  p.  207 1  Ro- 
man Sbafta  diseovcred  at  Cbesterford,  vol. 
xH.  p.  109 ;  Remarkable  Deposit  of  Koman 
Antiqaitiei  of  Iron  at  Cbesterford,  voL 
xi'ii.  p.  1 ;  and,  Diacoveriea  of  Rom  an  Re- 
roains.  Gla«%  Pottery,  &e.,  at  Cbcsterford, 
in  1860»  Toi  ivii,  p.  117. 

To  tbe  Tranaactlons  of  tbe  Arcbtoolo* 
pcjil  Society  of  bis  own  county  of  Essex, 
]n»iitut«d  in  lB52r  be  con]iDUoicat4cd  an 
interesting  notice  of  tbe  extensive  series 
of  examples  of  t^ainian  ware^  and  of  tbe 
names  of  R<nnan  potters  found  tbereon, 
wliolly  firom  bis  own  collection,  (vol.  i. 

141).    On  tbe  decease,  in  1867.  of  tho 

eran  antiquary  of  East  Anglia,  Jobn 
>i«neyp  Esq.,  to  wbcwe  liberality  the  Uni- 
versity of  Cambridge  bos  been  indebted 
a  Prnft-ssonhip  of  Antiquities,  it  was 
iio  matter  of  surprise  tbat,  in  the  selection 
of  a  saeo«ssor  as  President  of  the  E^ex 
ArcUtBological  Society,  tbe  choice  should 
have  ttnanimoosly  fallen  on  the  amijiblc 
aiid  necompHslieii  nobleman,  whose  un- 
timely decea&e  lias  now  thrown  a  cloud 
over  their  brightening  pro(spocts.  At  the 
meeting  at  Waltham  Abbey,  in  tbe  year 
abore  mentioned.  Lord  Braybrooke  con- 
ifibiited  a  valuable  memoir  on  a  subject 
wbich  no  one  was  more  Mly  quaUSed 
iban  bimielf  to  invest  with  interest^  and 
appears  in  tbe  Transactions  of  tbe 
Sodety  (vol.  i.  p.  191)  with  tbe  un- 
title of  *'  Notes  on  Roman 
^«ex. 

U  was,  however,  not  solely  by  friendly 
Intereoune  with  all  who  shared  his  taste 
for  sntiquity,  or  by  occasional  contribu- 
tions to  archnological  literature,  valuable 
and  wetl'doservtng  ts  tbey  src  of  being 
united  in  n  more  permanent  form,  that 
tbe  dlflUnguuihcd  services  rendered  by 
BrsyUrookc  to  the  cause  of  arcbie- 
in  ftimnUiting  the  intelligent  ap- 


preciation of  national  antiquities,  is  to 
be  estimated.  Among  tbe  earliest,  and 
not  the  least  interesting,  of  bis  works  on 
subjects  which  during  so  many  years  sup* 
plied  a  cheering  solace  in  hours  of  leisurA 
or  of  suffering,  may  be  mentioned  tbe 
valuable  memorials  of  his  earlier  explora- 
tions around  Audley  End^  privately  printe<i 
in  1847  under  the  title  **  Aniiqua  EX' 
ploraia  :  being  tbe  Result  of  Excavations 
made  by  tbe  Uon>  R.  C.  Neville  in  and 
about  tbe  Roman  station  at  Ched^rford." 
To  this  succeeded,  in  tbe  following  year, 
'*  Se-ptilckra  JSxposiia ;  or.  An  Account  of 
tho  Opening  of  some  Barrows,  with  Re- 
marks npon  Miscellaneous  Antiqnitiea  dis- 
covered in  the  neighbourhood  of  Audley 
End."  Each  of  these  int^jrcating  volumes, 
printed  in  octavo  form  for  private  distri- 
butlon  to  the  friends  of  tbe  author,  is 
copiously  illngtrftted  with  woodcuts  nnd 
lithographs  from  drawings  by  Mr,  O. 
Yoongmnn,  of  Saffron  Walden,  whose  ac- 
curate pencil  wns  oonAtitntly  in  requisi- 
tion to  augment  the  invalnahle  ilhistratinns 
of  local  antiquities  with  which  Lord 
Braybrooke' 8  portfolio  was  enriched.  His 
most  important  contribution,  however,  to 
archaeological  literature  still  remains  to  he 
mentioned,  namely,  the  sumptuous  fcilia 
volume  entitled  **  Saxon  Obsequies,  illus- 
trated by  Ornaments  and  Weapons  dis* 
covered  in  a  Cemetery  near  Little  Wil- 
brnhami,  Cambridgeshire,  during  the  Au- 
tumn of  1951."  This  valunhle  work,  pub- 
li&hed  by  Mr.  Murray  in  1852,  comprisoi 
forty  plates  skilfully  lithographed  in 
colours  by  Mr.  Stanesby,  and  displays  the 
most  extensive  assemblage  of  Saxon  relics 
hitherto  brought  to  light  in  any  part  of 
England. 

It  has  been  already  observed  that  Lord 
Bray  brook  e's  cabinet  of  coins  is  of  more 
than  ordinary  value,  independently  of  its 
interest  as  having  been  formed  within  the 
range  of  his  own  researches.  His  skill 
and  keen  discemment  as  a  nauiismatiBt 
were  sncb  as  might  be  expected  from  an 
antiquary  whose  habits  of  research  were 
of  the  most  practical  character.  Great  as 
the  value  of  his  collections  may  be,,  it  is 
singularly  enhanced  by  the  peculiarity 
that  tbey  have  not  been  gathered  iudii- 


2';4    Oh\iVk%i.— The  Lord  Braybrooke.— Lord  Cmm^bdL   [kwg. 


rriniftwUljr  from  uneertMO  iooreet ;  tbej 
kftve  Keen  reacnal  from  oblivioii  in  great 
peri  nndcr  bu  own  ejree,  by  the  ipede  and 
i'le  maitork  directed  by  that  keen  per- 
eafyii/m,  whiefa  teemed  almoft  instinctiTelj 
to  f^ide  him  to  tbe  myfteriooa  localitiea 
where  treaaore  lay  oonoealed. 

In  liord  Braybrooke^f  eztenaive  ooHee- 
ti//n  of  ringa,  to  which  alloaion  hai  been 
m  ide,  a  remarkable  lei iee  of  ezamplei  of 
all  perioda  it  preierred,  illaftratire  of  the 
tHfie  and  lentiment,  and  alio  of  the  artiiMc 
df«oration,  which  inreat  these  diminatire 
rdica  with  ao  varied  an  interest.  In 
February,  1856,  Lord  ilraybrooke  de« 
liirered  a  dincoane  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Literary  .«oci#dy  of  SaiTron  Walden,  en- 
ttlM  "The  liomaoce  €/(  the  Ring;  or, 
Tlie  Iliftory  and  Antiquity  of  Finger- 
liog*;"  which  waa  printed  for  private 
diitribntion,  aa  waa  likewise  the  catalogue 
if  his  collection  of  rings,  compiled  by 
liimself,  and  oomprising  descriptions  of 
203  examplea.  That  valuable  series  of  per* 
arinal  ornaments  was  subsequently  much 
augmented;  it  will  be  pkced  with  the 
other  collections  illustrative  of  ancient 
arts  and  manners,  which  it  was  his  delight 
to  form  at  Audley  End;  and  it  is  highly 
gratifying  to  know  that,  by  the  dispoeitioiis 
ot  Lord  Hraybrooko's  will,  they  will  be 
there  preserved  as  a  lasting  monument  of 
the  zeal  and  tasteful  intelligence  with 
which  he  lias  constantly  promoted  the  in- 
vchtigation  of  national  antiquities  and  tbe 
extension  of  archfeological  science. 


LOHD  CilKFBBLL. 

June  23.  At  Stratheden -lodge,  Ken- 
sington, aged  81,  the  Right  Hon.  John, 
liord  Campbell,  Lord  Chancellor. 

The  deceased  peer  was  descended  from 
A  junior  branch  of  the  ducal  house  of 
Argyle.  His  father  was  the  Rev.  I)r. 
Oe-  rge  Campbell,  Minister  of  Cupar.  Dr. 
Campbell  married  in  1776  a  Miss  Hally- 
burton,  through  whom  he  became  dis- 
tantly connected  with  several  noble  fami- 
lies, among  which  deserves  to  be  men- 
tioned the  family  of  Wedderbum,  the 
Lord  Chancellor.  By  this  lady  he  became 
the  father  of  five  daughters  and  two  sons. 


One  of  thcae  dn^kUn  Hnied  the  klfr 
Dr.Thomaa  Giltey^  Piofeaaui  rf Hi— - 
nity  in  the  Univcnity  of  8k.  Andrew's. 
Of  the  MH^  the  dda"  wm  So*  George 
Campbell,  of  Ede&woodp  wko  &d  m  1854; 
tbe  younger  ww«  tbe  anlgeci  of  tlua  pie- 
•ent  memoir,  and  waa  bom  at  Spriagfidd, 
near  Cupar,  September  1^  1779L  John 
Campbdl  leeeived  bia  fint  imiittkiii  at 
the  grammar-achool  at  Ciqau;  and  w« 
then  removed  to  the  Uniraai^  of  St 
Andrew'a,  with  the  view  of  stndying  ftr 
the  Church ;  but  aOer  taking  bia  MJL 
degree  he  resolved  to  adopt  tbe  kw  aa  his 
profession,  and  repaired  to  T^mdon.  Hia 
earliest  asaociatea  in  London  were  thoae 
Scotch  Whigs  to  whom  the  name  of  Camp- 
bell had  a  fine  Presbytoian  flavonr.  He 
very  soon  joined  a  dub  of  Sona  of  the 
Clergy  of  the  Church  of  Scotland,  of  whom 
Sergeant  Spankie  and  Wilkie  the  painter 
were  members,  the  sentiment  which  bound 
them  together  being  expreased  by  Willoe 
in  words  which  Campbell  delighted  to 
quote  long  afterwards  when  he  waa  raiaed 
to  the  British  peerage — "Bom  in  the 
manse  we  have  all  a  patent  of  nobility .** 
While  a  young  man  waiting  for  bnsincai^ 
he  supported  himself,  like  many  othera  of 
his  profession,  by  journalism;  and  waa 
a  reporter  as  well  as  theatrical  critic  on 
the  staff  of  the  "Morning  Chronide." 
The  "Chronide"  was  then  an  important 
Whig  paper,  the  property  of  Perry,  a 
Scotsman, — whose  sister  was  married  to 
the  c(>lebrated  Porson.  The  associationa 
of  a  London  reporter *s  life  were  far  more 
scholarly  then  than  they  are  now;  and 
among  the  staff  of  the  first-rate  joumala 
might  be  found  such  men  as  the  author  of 
the  famous  review  of  Brougham's  "De- 
mosthenes "  in  the  "  Times "  of  a  quHrter 
of  a  century  ago.  To  this  part  of  hia 
training  Lord  Campbell  owed  that  con- 
tinued interest  in  literature  which  dis- 
tinguished him  altogether  from  many 
other  legal  luminaries. 

Campbell  wns  called  to  the  bar  in  Mi- 
chaelmas Term,  1806.  He  travelled  the 
Oxford  Circuit,  where  he  soon  obtaimd 
considerable  practice.  But  it  was  to  bis 
London  business  that  he  chiefly  looked 
for  advancement  in  his  profession,  and 


18G1.] 


iBfTUARy. — Lord  CamphelL 


205 


it  mtjftt  be  confessed  that  he  pusliOf]  hia 
yrmj  in  a  tnumier  the  must  onginnL  Btt- 
Iween  1S09  and  1816  he  publislKa  n 
H'riot  of  reports  at  Xiai  Prlua  extending 
ti>  four  volumes,  which  nre  most  raluuble 
in  themselves,  but  which  were  of  espcclid 
intereti  io  the  att'Omeys  who  had  been 
engnged  in  anj  of  the  caaes  recorded,  in- 
asmuch aa  for  the  fir^t  time  in  the  history 
of  each  reporting  he  had  at  the  end  of 
cch  decicion  stated  the  names  of  those 
uttomejA  who  hud  to  do  with  the  trials. 
He  »oon  established  a  connection  with  the 
leading  lolieitorfi,  obtniniHl  a  hirg-e  practice, 
iijnd  was  retained,  a§  a  mutter  of  course^  in 
shipping  caies,  and  nearly  every  imp^rt^int 
CAuit»  tried  before  a  speelal  jury  at  the 
Guildh&U  sittinp^  Apart,  ho%vevfr,  from 
t'  c»  popularity  of  these  voluraea  among 
the  attorneys,  they  were  held  in  still 
wider  estiumtion  as  the  admimbly-re- 
ported  decisions  of  Lord  Elknhorowgh; 
l^d  Crtmpbell  took  credit  to  himself  for 

Aving  in  some  degree  created  the  rcpu- 

■Uon  of  that  lawyer. 

In  1821  he  married  ^fnry  KUznbeth, 
eldest  ditngbter  of  Hir  James  Scarlett, 
AlLerwanU  Lord  Ahioger,  and  in  1827  be 
ohtainod  the  honour  of  a  silk  gown  and 
n  seat  within  the  bar.  He  represented 
Stmffurd  during  1830  and  1S31.  In  Xo- 
ifembcr,  1832,  be  was  appoiotc<l  St»licitx>r- 
General,  unil  in  the  follomng  month  wag 
returned  by  Dudley  in  the  Reformed 
Parliament.  Sir  John  Cfimpbell  was  ap- 
p  nnted  Attorney-Gcnoral  in  February, 
1S31,  on  the  retirement  of  Sir  Williimi 
Home;  but  on  presenting  himsi-lf,  in 
the  s»me  month,  to  hia  constitnentft  at 
T>u(lley  for  re-el'ction,  he  was  unseated. 
He»  however,  obtained  a  seat  for  Edin- 
burgh, which  be  retiuncd  until  he  was 
elevated  to  ii  peerage. 

Me  wan  rather  strangely  pasaed  over 
in  the  legal  changes  cfjnf*eqnent  on  the 
retirement  of  the  Whig  Chancellor 
Brou{;hant,  hut  by  way  of  amends  his 
wtfe  WAS  raised  to  the  peemge  as  BHruncis 
Strmthiden.  This  wiw  in  January,  ISSH, 
and  f  »r  fire  yeais  more  Sir  John  Camp- 
I  ell  wnit^'d  apfmrently  without  the  prn*- 
poct  uf  «  rise,  but  Rt  ln«t  the  Iriih  Clmn- 
cdlor  wai  coiiSttlted*  and  Lord  Plunk ett 


wns  persiinded  to  retire;  and  towards  tho 
end  of  dune,  1811,  Campbell  was  raised 
to  the  peerage  and  to  the  Iri«h  Chan- 
cellorship. He  did  not  retain  hia  olllce 
long,  hot  left  Ireland  before  the  month 
WBJS  out,  and  iu  the  September  fcdlowing 
be  resigned  with  Iho  Mt'lboume  Miuiiitry. 
He  retained  the  title  and  a  pension  of 
£  l-.OOO  a  year,  but  he  declined  the  p4M*u- 
niary  reward,  and  lived  for  the  nest  five 
years  without  office,  profession,  salary,  or 
pension.  Revelling  in  the  resumption  of 
clHB«ical  studies  and  in  the  perusal  of 
modem  authors,  "  By  degrees  I  began  to 
perceive  the  want  of  a  definite  object,"  be 
says,  and  he  resolved  io  write  tho  **  Livea 
of  the  Chancellors.**  The  first  seriea  of 
these  biogniphies  was  published  early  in 
184^6,  and  the  work  beauoe  inimediatx'ly 
popular,  though  it  is  now  known  to  be 
a  very  Buporficial  and  partisan  prodnction, 
and  not  at  all  to  be  trnated  on  matters  of 
fact.  These  were  succeeded  by  a  series 
of  "  Lives  of  the  Chief  JuHtices,*'  to  which 
a  similar  character  applies.  Their  tem- 
porary popularity  h  well  accounted  for  by 
a  writer  in  tho  *'  Edinbijrjjjh  Con  rant  :"— 

'*  These  works  acquire*!  a  greater  popu- 
larity than  might  have  been  expected; 
and,  inilecd,  they  are  written  \u  a  suflS- 
ciently  tlowing  and  resKlablc  style.  Lord 
Cami>bell  was  not  only  fond  of  literut  nre, 
but  he  had  a  keen  relish  for  ixtpnhirity. 
He  did  his  best  to  accumulate  unecdotes, 
and  dash  off  *  graphic'  skct-ubes,  like  the 
regular  '  light  writers'  of  his  time,  and  he 
achieved  considerahle  success  in  this  new 
sphere.  But  accnriicy  is  not  by  any  means 
a  characteristic  of  the^^  *  Live«f  and  there 
art?  other  faults  iu  them  which  detract 
from  their  merit.  Tlie  style,  though 
lively,  is  loose,  and  sometimes  even  vul- 
gar ;  and  tbe  gossip  o*  each  perio<l  abont 
tbe  great  men  of  whom  Lord  Campheh 
ia  writing  is  reproduced  with  a  gusto 
which  says  little  for  Ins  delicacy  of  Laiite, 
— and  arguiis  periiapH  some  want  of  real 
kindness  aud  generosity/* 

On  tbe  return  of  the  Whig  party  to 
office  in  Jane,  1840,  after  the  reaignatton 
of  tlie  late  Sir  Kobert  Peel,  Lord  C-iimp- 
bel!  joined  the  Cabinet,  and  was  appointed 
Cbimcel!or  of  tbe  Duchy  of  Laucawter  in 
the  succeeding  mouth.  In  1850  bis  lord- 
ship wa*  appointed  Lord  Chief  Justice  of 
the  Queen's  Bench,  which  became  vacant 


206 


Lord  Abinger, — Prince  Adam  CzartorysH.  [Augi 


on  the  death  of  Lord  Denman.  He  held 
that  post  until  Lord  Palmerston'a  acoes- 
sion  to  power  in  1859,  when  he  waa  se- 
lected to  fill  the  office  of  Lord  Chancel- 
lor— an  appointment  which  gave  general 
aatis^tion. 

The  death  of  his  lordship  was  very  sud- 
den. On  the  preceding  day  (Saturday) 
he  was  engaged  in  his  ordinary  pursuits, 
and  in  the  afternoon  he  attended  the 
cabinet  council*  held  at  the  Premier's 
official  reridence  in  Downing-street.  To 
h'8  colleagues  he  appeared  cheerful,  and 
full  of  mental  vigour.  In  the  evening  he 
entertained  a  party  of  eighteen  at  dinner, 
and  while  with  his  friends  was  fhll  of 
lively  converse  and  shewed  no  symptoms 
of  illness.  At  one  o'clock  he  hade  his 
daughters  good-night  in  the  drawing- 
room  and  retired  to  rest.  On  Sunday 
morning,  shortly  before  eight  o'clock,  his 
lordship's  butler  entered  his  master's  bed- 
room, and  was  greatly  alarmed  to  find 
him  seated  in  a  chair,  motionless,  with  his 
head  thrown  back  and  blood  oozing  from 
his  month,  and  insensible.  The  impression 
of  the  medical  m^  was  that  his  death  was 
the  result  of  a  rapture  of  one  of  the  prin- 
cipal arteries  in  the  region  of  the  heart, 
internal  bleeding  causing  suffoc  ttion. 

By  Baroness  Stratheden,  who  died  about 
fitleen  months  since,  the  deceased  leaves 
issue  three  sons  and  four  daughters,  viz., 
William  Frederick  Lord  Stratheden,  the 
Hon.  Hallyburton,  and  Hon.  Dudley 
Campbell;  the  Hon.  Louisa,  married  to 
the  Rev.  W.  S.  White;  the  Hon.  Mary, 
the  Hon.  Cecilia,  and  the  Hon.  Edina. 


LoBD  AanrGEB. 

June  24.  At  Abinger-hall,  near  Dork- 
i'lg,  aged  66,  Robert  Campbell  Scarlett, 
second  Lord  Abinger,  and  brother-in-law 
of  Lord  Chancellor  Campbell,  whom  he 
survived  but  one  day. 

The  deceased  peer,  who  was  the  eldest 
of  the  three  sons  of  Sir  James  Scarlett, 
first  Lord  Abinger,  was  bom  in  London 
in  1794,  and  was  educated  at  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge.  In  1818  he  was 
called  to  the  bar  at  the  Inner  Temple, 
tie  sat  iu  Parliament  for  Norwich  firom 


1835  to  1887,  and  for  Horsham  from  1841 
till  1844^  when  he  succeeded  to  the  title. 
In  1824  he  married  Sarah,  the  second 
daughter  of  Mr.  Chief  Justice  Smith,  of 
the  Mauritius,  who  surnves  him,  and  by 
whom  he  leaves  issue  Lient.-Col.  the  Hon. 
William  Frederick  (now  Lord  Alm^;er), 
who  served  in  the  Scots  Fusilier  Qiuurdi 
in  the  Crimea,  and  received  the  order  of 
Medjidie;  the  Hon.  Henrietta  Elizabeth, 
who  is  married  to  the  Hon.  Otway  For- 
tescue  Toler,  heir  presumptive  to  hia 
brother,  the  Earl  of  Norbury;  and  the 
Hon.  Frances  Mary,  wife  of  the  Bev. 
Sidney  L.  Smith,  Rector  of  Brampton 
Ash,  Northamptonshire. 


Pbikcb  Adax  Czabtobtski. 

JuUf  15.  At  Paris,  aged  90,  Prince 
Adam  Czartoryski,  a  very  prominent  actor 
in  the  Polish  revolution  of  1830. 

The  deceased,  who  was  bom  at  Warsaw^ 
Jan.  14, 1770,  was  the  son  of  Prince  Adam 
Caumir,  who  was  a  field-marshal  in  the 
Austrian  service,  and  who  died  in  1828. 
He  passed  several  of  his  early  years  in 
England  and  at  the  Univeruty  of  Edin- 
burgh for  the  purpose  of  educaUon,  and 
on  returning  to  Poland  he  in  1798  joined 
the  force  of  Kosciusko  agfunst  the  Russians. 
That  effort,  as  is  well  known,  failed,  and 
after  the  partition  of  the  country,  the 
young  count  was  sent  with  one  of  his 
brothers  as  a  hostage  into  Russia.  Here 
the  Grand  Duke  Alexander  (afberwarda 
emperor)  was  so  charmed  with  the  noble 
and  manly  character  of  the  young  Pole 
that  he  became  his  intimate  friend,  and 
upon  his  accession  to  the  throne  appointed 
him  Minister  of  Foreign  Affairi,  in  which 
capacity  Czartoryski  in  1805  subscribed, 
in  the  name  of  Russia,  the  treaty  with 
Ghreat  Britain.  He  then  demanded  his 
dismissal,  but,  nevertheless,  accompanied 
Alexander  in  the  campaign  of  1807,  having 
previously  been  present  at  the  battle  of 
Austerlitz. 

Afcer  the  peace  of  Tilrit,  he  retired 
almost  entirely  from  public  life,  declaring 
that  his  connection  with  Rnsaa  was  only 
as  a  personal  friend  of  the  Emperor.  For 
this  reason,  when  the  war  broke  out  in 


IS6L]     Prince  Adam  Czartorysku— Richard  Blagden,  Esq,     207 


1812,  he  WAS  »gmn  by  the  skle  of  kXex- 
Mndcr,  wliom  be  accompaaied  to  Paris  in 
1834. 

Ill  1815  be  was  appointed  S«nator  Pa- 
ktiiifiof  the  IdDgdom,  and  in  1817  manried 
itw  Prtnoeii  Amia  Sapleba.  Ho  attended 
the  first  Diet,  and  spoko  boldly  in  favour 
of  a  Constitution,  but  nil  bis  bopes  wero 
disappointed.  In  1B21  soioe  students  of 
tbe  University  of  Wilnat  of  wbich  be  was 
curator,  were  accused  of  revolutionary 
movements,  and  in  spite  of  bts  elTorts  sixty 
of  them  were  imprisoned  without  trial. 
Hanj  of  the  sons  of  tbe  6^rst  fAiuilies 
were  dimftcd  as  soldiers  into  tbe  Rusaiuu 
regiments,  and  others  were  banisbed  to 
Siberia  and  tlie  military  colonies,  Ccar- 
toryski  tberetipon  resigned  his  post.  When 
the  revolution  of  1S3/0  broke  oat«  be  de- 
voted all  bis  energies  Ic  tbe  service  of  bis 
ocmniryr  He  was  appointed  President  of 
tbe  Provisional  Government,  and  sum- 
moned tbe  Diet  to  meet  on  the  ISth  of 
December,  1830.  On  the  30th  of  January, 
1831,  he  was  placed  at  the  lH3ttd  of  tlie 
jliAkmal  Govemroent^  and  oiTered  half  bis 
pioperty  for  tbe  ser^'ico  of  his  country* 
Aft<r  the  terrible  days  of  Au|?URt  1 5th  and 
16tb,  he  resigned  bis  post,  but  be  terved  as 
A  common  soldier  in  tbe  corps  of  Geneml 
Bomarino  during  the  last  Aruitle^  itrug* 
gles.  When  all  was  lost  bo  made  his 
escape,  and  reached  Paris.  Ho  was  ex- 
pr^sly  exdndcd  from  tbe  amnesty  of 
1831,  and  his  estates  in  Poland  were  con- 
fi«»ted. 

tHiring  tbe  Polbb  insurrection  of  1816 

tbe    Prince's  Gallician  estates   were   put 

QtMkr  sequestration  by  the  Austrian  Go- 

[  vernment,  bot  tbis  was  removeil  in  tbe 

\  Mifrix^  of  1843.     In  March  of  that  year 

\  Iw  ismed  a  proclamation  urging  tbe  Ger> 

■n  repreerntatives  to  unite  with  those  of 

\  Ihmnm  to  demand  the  restoration  of  Pa- 

emL     In  April,    18-18,   be   enfranchised 

the  peasants  opoii  bis  estates  of  Siendaiwa, 

in  GalUda,  and  gave  tbem  their  possessions 

In  fee* 

Jhirii^  tbe  many  yaars  of  hi§  roni  Jence 
In  Pam,  Prince  Czarioryski  wis  the  ac- 
knowledged bead  of  tbe  Polish  society  in 
that  capital,  and  was  universally  respected 
'  ftir  lua  political  integrity  and  h'gh  minded 


patriotism.  He  leaves  a  daughter  and  two 
sons,  one  of  whom  is  married  to  a  daughter 
of  Queen  Cbristina  of  Spain, 


March  3L  At  Percy -pluee,  Bath,  aged 
72,  Ridiard  Blagden,  Esq.,  F.R.C.S.  (Eng- 
land), late  of  Albemarle-strect,  London. 

Mr.  Blagden  held  the  appointments  of 
Surgeon  Accoucheur  to  her  present  gracious 
Majesty,  and  of  Surgeon  in  Ordlmiry  to 
bcr  late  Hoyal  Highness  the  Duchess  of 
Kent,  For  nearly  forty  years  he  dis- 
charged with  tbo  utmost  integrity,  per- 
severance, and  ability,  the  duties  of  n 
medicul  man  in  London.  Among  men 
eminent  iu  bis  profession  bis  name  was 
always  spoken  of  with  extreme  respect 
and  deference,  while  he  bfld  an  e<]ually 
high  reputation  both  with  personal  friends 
and  itatienta.  Tbe  latter  included  many 
of  the  nobility,  and  persons  of  distinction 
in  society.  In  earlier  life  be  lectured,  in 
ooi^junctioti  with  the  late  Sir  Charles  M. 
Clarke,  on  midwift^ry,  and  was  for  many 
years  conueited  with  Queon  Cbarlotte's 
Hospital, — always,  oven  in  the  mid  at  of  a 
large  and  pressing  pracliee,  displaying  an 
active  interest  in  that  and  otbcr  medical 
and  benevolent  institutions.  He  was  con* 
sidered  to  be  peculiarly  skilful  in,  and 
gained  a  celebrity  fur,  tbe  management 
and  treatment  of  female  and  cbild  run's 
complaints.  Throughout  his  career  ho 
made  that  branch  of  medical  science  his 
BpiclaliiS, 

Nearly  seven  years  ago  Mr.  Blagden, 
feeling  himself,-  through  ago  and  failing 
health,  to  l>e  unequal  to  his  former  labo- 
rious habits,  retired  from  bis  practice  in 
London.  From  that  period,  up  to  tbe 
time  of  his  death,  bo  ri^ided  in  Bath* 
Tb«^e,  though  he  declined  all  professional 
engagements,  the  same  courteous  man* 
ners,  unobtriisive  gooduess,  and  consistent 
ebafict«r  endeared  bim  to  many.  Those 
who  knew  him  well  could  see  almost  a  sig- 
nificance In  his  well-spent,  exemplary  life's 
dosing,  as  if  in  rest,  on  tbe  evening  of 
Euster<day. 

He  was  tbe  youngest  aoti  of  the  late 
Bichard  Bragg   Bh^gduu,   E»q.,  of  Pet* 


208 


Obituahy.— Miss  Baker.— Rev.  Br,  CurdwefL 


worth,  Snasex,  himself,  in  bi«  day,  a.  medi. 
t"al  man  of  some  local  repute.  There  Hiir- 
vive  him  a  widow,  and  nevcn  children  by 
A  former  marriuge,  three  *laught*rs  liud 
fotrr  sons,  one  of  whom  now  foUuws  the 
mediciLL  profession. 


jifn-il  22.  At  her  hou§eiii  nold-Btreet, 
KorLhiiDipton,  aged  74,  Miaa  Aime  Eliza- 
beth li^tker. 

She  wns  tho  youngeai  of  three  chil- 
dren, of  whom  one,  Mrs,  Wilson,  still 
snrvives.  Mia»  Bnker  was  the  9i«ter  of 
Mr.  George  Baker,  the  hUtoriaii  of  North* 
amptonsbire,  and  to  her  tho  excellent  but 
incomplete  work  on  the  "History  and 
Antiquities  of  Nortlmmptonshire '*  owes 
its  geology  and  botany.  *'  8he  had  been," 
8nya  the  Qunrterly  Reviewer,  in  January 
1857,  **tlie  companion  of  her  brother's 
jonrneysi  his  amuntien^ia,  hia  fellow- 
h4boiirt?r,  eSjHX'sally  in  the  natural  history, 
aj]d  had  made  dravkiiiga  for,  aad  even 
engrtivod,  some  of  the  plAtes  for  his  greiit 
work.**  Indeed  it  would  be  hind  to 
overrate  her  share  of  the  book  j  ber  accu- 
rate and  minute  turn  of  mind  being  of 
tho  greuteBt  valtie  to  &£r.  Baker  in  the 
collection  and  preser^^atien  of  those  detailsj 
so  in  considerable  when  viewed  ftt-parotely, 
hut  which  in  combination  make  up  tlie 
chief  value  of  a  county  history.  Besides 
the  assistance  given  to  her  brother,  Miss 
Baker  was  employed,  during  the  grcAter 
part  of  the  time  in  which  she  Accouipnnied 
him  from  village  to  village,  in  compiling, 
from  the  mouths  of  the  common  people, 
th€  collection  of  provincialisms  which  she 
ufterwardsi  cmbcxlied  in  her  **  Glossary  of 
Northamptonshire  Words  and  Phrases,'* 
published  in  185'1  in  2  vols.  This  was  in- 
deed A  labour  of  love  nith  her;  and  is 
one  of  the  most  full  and  salif factory  of  all 
our  local  lexicons,  tho  Anglo- S^xouism  of 
the  county  giving  it  a  range  and  a 
vntuL*  Wyond  lU  immediate  district.  Miss 
Baker  devoted  hf  r««lf  to  antiquarinn  sub- 
jects from  her  curliest  years,  and  her  re- 
tfjntlvo  ttjctnory  enabled  her  to  connect 
the  prment  with  the  past  with  remark- 
•Ide   accuracy .      Bbe  remembered  John 


Wesley  preaching  on  "the  Green"  «t 
Northampton,  the  cavalry  galloping  dowtt 
Gold-street  on  their  way  to  quell  the 
biriningham  riots  in  1791,  and  a  woman 
being  dipp*d  in  "  the  vva taring,"  in  Britlge- 
ttreetj  for  reputed  witchcraft.  She  was 
one  of  the  first  to  call  attention  to  tho 
neglected  beauty  of  our  old  architecture, 
and  in  1812  oonimenoed  removing  the 
whitewash  fVom  the  Norman  arch  of 
St.  Peter's^  which  subsequently  led  to  the 
pel  feet  restomtion  of  that  church  by 
Mr.  G,  G.  Scott. 

But  her  energies  were  not  confined  to 
antiquarian  pursuits.  There  was  no  one 
more  active  than  herself  in  establishing 
and  fostering  charitable  and  educational 
Institutions  in  her  native  town.  As  a 
visitor  of  tho  schoob  and  prisona  she  was 
heartily  engaged  almost  to  the  very  close 
of  her  life,  and  was  ever  ready  to  give  her 
patronage  and  perwmal  assistance  to  every 
wtdl-conduct^jd  plan  for  advancing  tha 
Hocinl,  educatioualt  and  moral  condiUou  of 
her  townsfolk  of  w  hut  ever  chiss. 

Miss  Baker  was  born  on  Juno  16, 1786, 
and  by  her  death  has  left  a  gap  in  tho 
society  of  Northampton  which  the  pre» 
sent  generation,  little  appreciative  of  lite- 
rary and  antiquariau  purauiU,  can  hardljf 
be  expected  to  supply. 


Ret.  Dh.  Cahdweix. 

Mfiif  23.  At  tho  Prinei pal's  Lodge, 
aged  73,  the  Kev.  Edward  Cardwell,  D.D., 
Principal  of  St.  Alhan's  Hall,  Oxford. 

The  deceased  waA  the  son  of  Richard 
Cardwell,  E*q.,  of  Blackburn,  Lancaster, 
and  w^as  b^>rn  in  1787.  In  1806  he  entered 
as  a  commoner  at  Brasenose.  He  gained 
a  first  class  in  classics  and  a  second  class 
in  mnthcmatic8,  took  tho  degree  of  B.A. 
and  became  a  fellow  of  his  college  in  1809  j 
he  all  er wards  acted  for  several  years  as 
tutor  and  lecturer,  and  in  1811  he  was 
appointed  one  of  the  University  Examiners* 
He  WAS  elected  Camden  Professor  tif  An- 
cient History  in  1826.  and  in  1831  he  wnA 
apiKjinted  Principal  of  St.  Alhan*s  Hall,  in 
succession  to  Archbishop  Wliately.  For 
a  time  he  held  the  College  living  of  Stoko- 
Bruernc,  which  be  resigned  soon  after  his 
appointment  to  St.  Albun's  BulL 


1861.] 


Obitcaby. — Rev.  Dr.  Cardwett. 


209 


Dr.  Cardwell  held  tLe  ofHces  of  Delegate 
^of  EtitstteH,  Delei^tc  of  the  Pn^ss,  iind 
ifttor  of  the  University  Gailerieft.  He 
.  %  member  of  the  Society  of  Antiqiift- 
t  and  oilier  learned  bodies.  For  many 
'^cars  he  took  n  leading  part  in  the  gorern- 
meet  of  the  University,  and  he  bfid  great 
induence  alike  in  the  Hebdomadal  Board 
of  former  tiraeA,  and  in  the  Hebdomadal 
l_ Council  whicli  hat  now  tuoceeded  it*  ile 
considered  one  of  the  best  men  of 
lainesB  in  the  University,  and  had  the 
nagement  of  the  Bible  departmt^nt 
'  the  University  Press  for  many  yenrs. 
It  fvas  also  by  his  advice  that  the  |)tiper- 
miU  at  Wolveroott  was  established  for 
■oppljing  the  University  Press  with  paper 
in  which  they  might  be  certain  what  urn- 
terials  were  used.  He  was  the  personal 
friend  of  both  Sir  Eobert  Peel  aud  Mr, 
Qlndstoue,  and  at  each  successive  election 
they  enjoyed  every  advantage  that  his 
zealous  advocacy  could  procure  for  them. 
Lord  Grenville,  as  Chancellor  of  the 
University,  appointed  him  his  private 
ry.  The  Ihiko  of  Wellington  and 
Derby,  as  they  enecessively  became 
CthsncellorSf  re-appt>iuttd  hini,  and  be  held 
the  office  to  the  time  of  his  deatli. 

Dr.  CardweU*s  works  were  both  nume- 
TtfOM  aud  important.  The  following  is  be- 
lieved to  be  a  tolerably  complete  list 

In  1832  he  published  a  sermon  preached 
at  Kortbamptou  on  behalf  of  the  two  great 
bnrch  Societies,  the  S.  P.  C.  K.  and  tlio 
LP.O.,  at  their  request,  and  iiiscrihed  it 
to  the  **  Committee  of  General  Literature 
and  Education"  appointed  by  the  former 
Society,  thereby  giving  bis  sanctina  to  the 
plan.  It  may  be  doubted  whether  he  quite 
approved  of  all  the  subsequent  proceed- 
tngt  of  that  Committee,  or  considered  the 
publication  of  elaborate  and  eipensive 
wofki  on  natural  history^  calculated  only 
for  the  higher  clawes,  as  the  best  mode 
of  promoting  Christian  knowledge,  or  of 
•pending  tlie  money  of  the  Society. 

Dr.  Cardwell  edited  an  edition  of  Aris* 
toilers  Ethics  in  182&-30,  in  two  volumes, 
of  te&t,  the  other  of  notes  selected 
i  the  best  oommcntatora,  for  the  nse 
■"of  students  In  the  University,  and  this  was 
the  edltioii  med  for  seTernl  years;  the 
Qwst,  Ma©,  Vol.  CCXI. 


volume  containing  the  text  ha^  long  been 
out  of  print,  and  he  did?  not  reprint  it 
because  the  text  of  Aristotle  hud  been  to 
much  improved  by  Bekker  of  Berlin,  by 
the  collation  of  new  MSS.  As  C-nmden 
Professor  of  Ancient  History  he  delivered 
a  course  of  lectures  every  ytar  on  difierent 
branches  of  the  subject,  and  one  series,  on 
the  "  Co'mnge  of  the  Greeks  and  Itomans,*' 
he  published  with  Mr*  Murray  of  Albe- 
marle-street.  But  it  was  chiefly  ns  a 
learned  divine,  and  for  his  knowledge  of 
ecclesiastical  history,  that  Dr*  Uurtiwell 
was  distinguished,  and  in  those  branches 
of  leomiii^  he  piiblished  several  works 
which  have  obtained  an  established  re- 
putation. In  1837  he  published  an  edition 
of  the  Greek  Testument,  with  a  valimhle 
aelection  of  the  moet  important  various 
readings*  a  marginal  harmony,  reference  to 
parallel  pasrages^  and  a  conoordiince  of 
words ;  the  text  wns  cjirefully  divided  into 
paragmiihs,  and  tl>e  authorised  English 
version  printed  on  the  opposite  page  with 
the  same  divisions,  making  a  very  useful 
student's  edition  of  the  Greek  Testament. 
In  the  same  year  lie  published  the  **  His- 
tory of  the  Jewish  War"  by  Joecphns  in 
Greek  and  Latin,  a  corrected  text  with 
various  readings  and  notes,  part  selected 
and  part  original:  this  work,  as  is  well 
known,  contains  the  only  autheutie  ac- 
coant  of  the  destruction  of  Jerusalem  by 
Titus,  and  the  exact  fuliihiient  of  the 
very  remarkable  prophecies  rflating  to  it ; 
the  importance  of  this  work  is  therefore 
second  only  to  the  Scriptures  themselves, 
and  it  is  lamentable  to  observe  how  en- 
tirely the  study  of  this  important  chapter 
of  history  is  neglected  by  the  younger 
clergy  of  the  present  day.  Dr.  Cardwell 
did  his  duty  well  in  printing  a  good  and 
convenient  edition  of  tliii  work ;  but  an 
idle  and  perverse  generation  refused  to 
litsten  tf>  his  teaching  on  this  subject.  The 
English  Cliurch  may  once  have  deserved 
the  character  of  the  most  learned  Church 
in  Europe,  but  it  seems  likely  in  the  next 
generation  to  become  the  most  ignorant. 
Finding  it  impracticable  to  awaken  the 
calm  attention  of  theological  atudent*  to 
the  early  history  of  the  Christian  Church 
in  a  time  of  violent  excitement  and  con- 
i>d« 


210 


QmrABT.— JZ».  iPr.  CmrStcdl. 


[A-g. 


€t^tatSij  t*  mg  cwa  loadb  af  is,  lad 
iwBcdcW  piM  i^  a  frat  wfc,  so  iHi 
liMS  tU  coin  iywdKml  Unorf  oT  tiM 
CWsrdk  a  Fi^hwH,  gwaded  «p««  tiM 
fmt  vwk  «f  WindM, — CtmeiHn  Mm^mm 
JBrif mrnma^  whatb  Cb  fear  foBo  i  uii ibi  ■, 
Ijtaanng;  t»  son  fev^wraMe  trsMs  wmk  to 
olk«r  kadi  tii*  carficr  pfwtaoM  of  tW 
Wisirfc,  r  ■iMtayfiflJK  jlagi&.«teif«  and 
JU^enl  pcnM^be  tkwgikt  it  bcai  ibr 
fneticfld  pvpoMs  ioemaflMoee  visk  tbc 
ftiwik  ^n^aoM^  cootainii^  the  fjBfldf  held 
ne»  tW  Bc^brmation :  theaHst  iapori- 
Mrt  dMOHBU  of  tbe  tine  of  Henrj  the 
Eii^h  b^  ab«ad/  been  paUbhcd  at  the 
Vtdtemtj  Vnm,  midtr  the  dfreetion  of 
tbe  leal  two  ProfeaMn  of  Dmnxtr,  Bi- 
ahop  Lki^d  mod  Vt,  Barton,  aad  the  pre- 
amt  CBCy  Dr«  Jaeobaon. 

The  worfca  edited  by  Dr.  Cardirell  from 
Wnkhaa  mod  oihcr  mmieu  womj  be  eoo- 
iidcred  M  a  enmtimiation  of  the  aame  ia- 
portast  teriea.  The  two  litnrgiea  of 
Edward  VL  compared  with  eadi  other 
«aa  one  of  whidi  the  otifitf  wa  §o  ob- 
tiomt,  thai  it  wa  at  ooee  appreciated  by 
the  deryy,  and  toon  reached  a  weond  and 
a  third  edition.  The  "  History  of  Confer- 
foea  and  other  Proeeedings  Connected 
with  theReriiionof  the  Book  of  Common 
Payer  fnm  156B  to  1090/'  eomprefaendcd 
fai  ftct  the  whole  tabjeet,  for  there  ha 
been  no  change  nnce,  and  wa  equally  foe- 
etmfal,  and  reached  a  third  edition  in 
IH40,  Tbe  "  Docnmentary  Annala  of  tbe 
Reformed  Clrarcb  of  EngbuMl,  being  a 
Collection  of  Injanetiona,  Dedarationa, 
Orden,  Artida  of  Enquiry,  Ac  from  1546 
to  1710,  with  Kota  Historical  and  Ex- 
pUnatory/'  being  tbe  laws  and  orders 
isioed  by  authority  for  the  government  of 
the  reformed  Cliarcb  in  England,  wa 
A  work  of  tbe  highest  importance  to  tbe 
clergy,  and  wa  appreciated  accordingly; 
ft  soon  reached  a  second  edition,  in  which 
tlie  papers  were  collated  with  tbe  originals 
and  corrected  from  them,  and  some  im- 
portant documents  were  added. 

Tbe  neit  work,  completing  this  yalu- 
able  series,  wa  tbe  **  SynodaUa,  a  Col- 
lection of  Articla  of  Religion,  Canons^ 
and  Frooeedingt  of  ConTocatkm  in  the 


raa  tUI  fo 

with  Sola  Historial  aid  Ezpla- 
pnhUbed  ia  1M2. 
xaspaataas  part  e^^el 
tteCfandk  tsi  Ea^bad,! 
th«  vafaay*  Inliaitaa 
Isf^riataacf  theClnrth  wkkh  it  iaaMr 
poaible  to  abtam.  The  object  wkidk  Dr. 
CasdwcH  had  in  view  in  pnHTshag  this 
acria,  wa  "to  s^povt  that  gcsenl  an- 
hricey  of  mind  aad  principle  mbaA  la 
SDOKc^  the  aany  bieaRngs  euufiiiednpia 
the  natron  by  the  rdbn&ed  Chnrdk  of 
Engisad."  The  nota  appended  to  thea 
docsaenta  add  materially  to  €bt  Tata  of 
the  work ;  they  were  compiled  with  great 
care  aad  diau  iau  naticai,  and  apply  a  know* 
ledge  of  the  motxra  and  detaib  that  eon- 
stitnte  the  firing  snbitance  of  histiay  a 
&Cingmshed  from  its  bare  skeleton. 

Anouier  important  TOiumc^  caoady  eon* 
nected  with  tlua  amesi,  wa  pnbGshcd  in 
1850,— the  "Mrformaiio  Le^mm  JSeeUd- 
iuticofmrnj  or  the  Beforantkm  of  tiw 
Eedataatical  Laws  lor  the  Cfanrdi  of 
England  a  propoaed  by  the  daf  Be- 
Ibrmcra,  and  attempted  to  be  caxried  oni 
in  tbe  Reigns  of  Henry  TIIL,  Edward 
TL,  and  Etiabetb."  It  appcan  to  hare 
been  quite  by  accident  that  thia  great 
change  in  the  laws  of  England  wa  not 
eflected,  owing  to  the  premature  death  of 
Edward  VL  and  the  dialike  of  Eliabeth 
to  some  of  the  persons  who  had  been 
employed  upon  it.  But  it  contains  the 
resuha  of  laborious  and  painstaking  re- 
search on  the  part  of  tbe  leading  men  of 
tbe  age,  and  tbe  deiiberato  judgment  of 
such  men  a  Cranmer,  Peter  Martyr,  and 
8ir  John  Cheke  after  years  of  enquiry  and 
consideration.  Ita  importance  can  acaroely 
be  orerrated,  and  if  thia  work  could  now 
be  placed  in  the  bands  of  some  of  tbe 
leading  statesmen  of  France  and  Italy, 
good  results  to  tbe  cana  of  religion  and 
tbe  peace  of  Christendom  might  yet  re- 
salt  from  it.  They  would  see  that  tbe 
English  Reformers  were  not  wild  and 
dangerous  men,  but  the  most  learned, 
thoughtful,  and  oonsdentious  men  of  their 
age,  anxious  to  preserve  all  that  wa  really 
worth  preserving  dt  the  old  ooostitotions 
of  the  ChoFcb,  and  to  reform  abusa  only. 


1861.] 


Itev.  Dr.  Cardivell. — Lieutenant  Macdonald. 


211 


r.  C«rdvft?U  vm  a  tilting  editor  for  Buch 
I  work ;  hi«  tAsk  was  executed  in  the  same 
tpirit  of  CKinfdentioufl,  »crupii)ou8  care  to 
preserve  and  render  nccesjihlc  tbw  resnit 
of  the  ddihemtioiis  of  the  FU^foriDers,  H* 
coUftt^d  the  three  editions  of  the  printed 
work,  and  colkted  it  with  the  origmal 
MS.  of  Cmnmer  eo  fnr  a#  it  has  been  pre- 
MTved,  for  the  Utter  part  of  the  work 
\  to  hare  been  added  by  oihen. 

An  appropriate  flnpplemont  to  the  series 
docamentti  of  the  time  of  the  Refor- 
mattoD  WAS  found  in  Bishop  Gibson's  %- 
j^otUu  Amffiicami,  an  account  of  the  pro- 
ceoding«  of  Omvocation  aftt^  the  change 
of  dynasty  nnder  William  11 L  :  this  was 
publwhed  by  Dr,  Ciinlwell  in  1S5 1,  and  at 
the  present  time,  when  the  Convocaition  of 
the  KtigtLsb  clergy  has  revived  into  new 
life  nflcr  a  century  of  such  deep  sleep  that 
it  was  suppoacd  to  he  dead,  the  work  is 
ally  important  with  the  other  valuable 

ries  published  by  Dr.  Card  well.  Every 
raember  of  Convocation  is  boond  to  makt* 
himftclf  ma«t4?r  of  it,  and  all  those  who 
«re  interesU^  in  the  proceedings  of  Con- 
vocation will  find  it  of  the  g^atest  in- 
t€re9t. 

In  conclusion,  we  may  be  permitted  to 
observe  that  it  has  fallen  ia  the  lot  <yf  few 
men  to  prepare  for  the  press  and  issue  to 
the  world  so  important  a  seriea  of  works 

I  the  history  and  doctrines  of  the  Clmrcb, 
that  the  name  of  Fxlwtird  Cardwell 
^11  long  be  held  in  affectionate  remem- 
brance as  one  who  kbourcd  diligently  in 
bis  calling,  and  did  good  service  to  Cbureh 
and  State, 


LlBtJTENAKT  MAdJOXALD, 

Jmne  6*  At  >4t.  Sidwell's^  Exeter,  aged 
56,  John  Macilonald^  E>(|.,  Lieatenittit 
und  Qnartenuaster  of  tUo  1st  Devon 
Militia. 

The  deceased,  who  had  risen  by  merit 
from  the  ranks,  was  bom  in  Invemosa- 
abire  in  1805.  His  father  was  a  farmer. 
«tid  young  Macdonald  worked  with  him 
<m  the  Und  until  about  the  year  1^23^ 
when,  with  a  youn|»  companion,  he  enlisted 
in  the  Lst  or  Royul  Regiment  of  Foot,  By 
seal  and  good  conduct  he  rcry  iooo  ros^ 
GE%r.  Mag,  Vol.  CCXI. 


and  at  an  early  ago  he  was  made  Scrj^cnnt* 
M«yor,  The  prc^nt  Lieuteoant-General 
Sir  George  VVelheriill,  the  officer  who  was 
then  in  command  of  that  regiment,  always 
found  his  orders  intelligently  carried  out 
by  Sergeant-Mi^ or  Macdonald,  who  com- 
bined strict  discipline  with  courti^y  and 
kindness.  The  regiment  being  on  daLy  in 
Oinadiiwhen  the  rebellion  of  1831  broke 
ou^,  was  engsged  in  several  conflicts  willi 
the  rebels.  Volunteering  was  then  relied 
on  in  tbo  colony  as  it  is  now  in  Eng* 
land,  and  applicntion  was  made  to  Colonel 
Wetherall  for  an  adjutant  to  orgtmizo  a 
regiment  raised  for  the  service.  Sergeant- 
Msjor  Mucdonuld  was  appointed,  and  ou 
commencing  his  duties  found  to  his  great 
^ttsfaction  that  the  ofEccrti  and  men  coni> 
posing  this  regiment,  *'  the  lilengairy 
Highlanders,"  were  of  his  own  kitli  nnd 
kin,  being  Macdonalds,  who  had  etuigratctl 
from  the  Highlands  in  a  body  some  years 
before.  Holding  a  com  mission  from  the 
Governor  of  the  colony,  and  with  a  pro- 
mise of  n  Queen's  commission  on  his  re- 
turning to  thf?^  regulars,  ho  organized  this 
regiment,  1,000  strong,  and  saw  good  ser- 
vice with  them ;  and  so  satisfied  was  the 
comrannding  officer  of  the  regiment,  thatj 
when  his  services  wen*  no  longer  neces- 
sary, and  he  lefl  the  colony,  he  was  pre- 
sented with  a  iword  of  honour,  the  highest 
testimonials,  and  strong  recoinmcndalions 
for  promotion.  The  promised  commis- 
sion, however,  was  withheld,  and  Mr,  Mac- 
donald, on  his  return,  accepted  the  post 
of  Sergeant- Major  of  the  lst  Devon  Militia- 
Whercver  placed  ho  became  a  favourite 
with  those  over  him»  and  here,  in  a  new 
•pher%  his  roeriCa  were  soon  recognised ; 
ho  obtaineil  a  commission  as  Lieutenant, 
nnd  WHS  pliKod  on  the  eta  IT  ns  Quarter- 
Master.  K^irl  Fortescue  also  took  every 
opportunity  of  shewing  how  highly  ho 
esteemed  him.  Qii  the  enthusiastic  spread 
of  the  Volunteer  movement  in  1&&9,  tho 
loyal  spirit  of  Lieutenant  Miicdonald  could 
not  allow  him  to  remain  idle.  As  acting 
adjutant  he  organized  the  recraita  ia  thl» 
Exeter  Rifles,  and,  by  a  wcU-amnged 
systeim  of  drill,  raised  the  Kieter  com- 
panies to  snch  an  efficiency  as  to  ctdl 
forth  the  wannest  eommendationi  from 
Dd 


212  Lieutenant  Macdonald. — Mr.  Jamea  Braidwood,       [i! 


Inffpector-General  M'^Mardo,  and  from  the 
Dl' p a ty- Inspector,  Major  Hnme,  Duty 
was  bi8  watchword,  ami,  even  in  bis  last 
lUnesa,  doty  wtii  placed  before  dlscretioiv 
and  increased  bif  maladjf,  for,  we  read  in 
"Woobncr's  Gazette,"  (from  which  the 
foregoing  particulars  are  gathered,)  thnt, 
althongh  weakened  by  a  recent  iUnoaa  of 
great  Bererity,  be  perfanned,  with  his 
uanat  zeal,  the  onerous  daties  of  Quarter^ 
master  during  the  recent  traioinp,  and 
that  on  the  day  before  the  disbanding  of 
the  regiment,  be  felt  iO  nnweU  *s  to  call 
in  the  aasistant-sorgeonj  by  whom  he  was 
directed  to  keep  to  liia  betl  Anitious  to 
see  the  last  of  the  men,  ho  neglected  this 
advice,  and  by  five  the  next  morning 
went  to  the  militia  dcixDt,  which  place 
he  only  reached  with  tntich  difficQlty* 
imd  from  whence  he  relurned  with  still 
greater  difficulty  to  his  horae»  which  be  no 
more  quitted  alive.  Although  it  was  ex- 
pected that  lio  could  scarcely  anrvive  the 
day,  those  about  bira  were  not  prepared 
for  the  suddenness  of  his  departure  Ho 
wtis  in  a  sitting  posture  looking  towards 
the  window  of  bis  room,  when  he  calmly 
and  without  the  slightest  emotion  passed 
out  of  life. 


June  22*  Killed  at  a  Arc  near  London- 
bridge,  aged  GOj,  Mr.  Jamefl  Braid  wood, 
for  many  years  the  soperiotendent  of  the 
Londun  Fire  Brigade. 

The  deceased  was  the  son  of  a  trades* 
man  at  Edinbnrgli,  and  vras  bom  there  in 
the  yeiir  1800.  He  was,  we  believe,  a 
joiner  by  trade,  but  in  the  year  182-1  he 
quitted  his  craft,  and  joined  the  Edin- 
burgh police,  with  the  view  of  orgTiniEing 
%  better  mode  of  dealing  with  tir«>s  than 
then  prevailed.  Very  mou  after  hts  ap- 
pointment, and  before  he  had  either  bis 
force  or  bis  engines  in  working  order, 
occorred  the  great  confiugration  of  18S4* 
the  most  memorabto  and  extensive  lire 
in  the  aminls  of  Edinburgh,  and  in  which 
a  great  part  of  the  High-street,  including 
the  steeple  of  the  Tron  Chnreh,  was  burnt 
down.  At  this  fire  Mr.  Braid  wood  first 
•iblbited  those  qtulities  of  cool  deternuiia- 


tion,  great  daring,  and  skilfbl  fnaiui_ 
ment  which  be  has  so  often  put  to  good 
purpose  in  the  fire*  of  the  nietropolijk 
A  pamphlet  which  he  imbluihed  in  1H33 
on  the  eaoses  and  mesAS  of  e:xtinguishtn^ 
fire*,  first  gave  him  more  than  local  cele- 
brity, and  led  to  bis  removal  to  London. 
He  was  appointed  superintendent  of  the 
London  Fire  Brigade  on  its  establisbmeni 
in  1833,  and  tt  was  by  hU  ability  and  on. 
wearied  exertions  that  the  force  attained 
the  efficiency  which  now  so  distin^isbes 
it*  On  all  matters  affecting  the  security 
of  the  Government  and  other  public  build- 
ing* be  was  conanltod  by  the  autboritioi* 
and  of  late  years  be  held  an  appoiutaieiit 
as  a  kind  of  superintonding  inapeotor  of 
the  royal  palaces  and  various  public  mHwr 
blishments,  with  reJiircncu  to  iheir  proteo* 
tion  from  6ro» 

Mnny  stories  are  told  of  the  intrepidity 
and  presence  of  mind  he  displayed  during 
the  eight  years  ho  was  firo-mnnter  ftt 
Ediubtirgh.  On  one  occasion  he  carried 
first  one  barrel  of  gunpowder,  and  then 
another,  through  the  midst  of  a  ftr«.  firom 
a  odlar,  through  an  ironmonger's  shop, 
thus  preventing,  at  the  utmoft  personal 
risk,  an  exph>«iion  which  might  havecauaed 
great  destruction  of  life  and  property. 
On  another  occa«ionf  above  thirty  years 
ago,  he  narrowly  escaped  the  sad  late 
which  ultimdtely  befell  him,  being  struck 
by  some  of  the  fragments  of  a  falling  roof^ 
and  greatly  injured. 

He  was  conspicuous  for  watching  over 
the  movements  of  his  men  when  they 
were  likely  to  be  placed  in  any  great  j>eril, 
and  he  would  not  permit  a  man  to  take 
op  a  position  or  to  enter  any  pi  nee  unless 
he  was  satisfied  that  tbi^y  were  not  ex- 
posed to  any  unneoessary  risk. 

The  deceased,  who  has  left  a  widow  and 
six  children  to  lament  his  lofl%  was  a  metn- 
ber  of  several  scientific  institutions^  and 
was  altogether  a  man  of  great  int<?Higcnoe 
and  energy.  His  remains  were  interred  in 
the  Abney  puik  cemetery,  the  fiinend 
being  attended  by  the  London  Bifie  Bri- 
gade, large  bodies  of  police  and  tiremen, 
and  a  concoarse  of  people  which  bad  not 
been  equalled  since  the  interment  of  tlie 
Duke  of  Wellington. 


4 


< 


4 


18610 


Clergy  Deceased. 


213 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

Jmm  18,  At  the  Piu-sonairc,  agL^d  57,  the  Her* 
Jnkn  PriettHtaH^  B.A,,  Perpetual  Curate  of  Mint' 
fcu^  NnrLhumberSand. 

Jttn*  2L  'I'bc  Her.  William  Sparr^m  Chap^ 
lA^iM,  B.Au  Vitwr  of  Kcmble,  WiLtA. 

JuHc  24_  At  BiiKlitQn.  after  nearly  twenty 
ywrs  of  patient  uufficriuj,  aged  M,  the  ttev. 
Henry  MaUke^^  Hector  of  ETcrihoU,  Beds, 

Jwn*^,  At  lvjr-cottii|r«f  Miniter,  the  Rev^ 
A«MiM«rr0M  7Wor.  M.A,,  OLaphiln  to  the  Isle  of 
TtiMi«l  Union. 

Jutui  ao.  At  taiA  re^d«ic«  ia  tbe  C&tliedT«l<- 
el«»c,  ntiirfortl,  aged  *»»  the  Rev.  ^w^A  Uaumfr 
Mttryttn,  B.D.,  Canon  Rc«idenuarj  of  the  Catht*- 
tini  Church  of  llLTcford.  Ue  was  the  bCDiur 
C^non.  hJivitig  t>een  inducted  in  W2h 

JhI$  2.  At  Ilaliun  Rectory,  aiicd  71,  the  Rer. 
7".  //.  MatcHMkg,  Rector  of  Hiatou  Ilolgate.  and 
Fallitnghftm,  Lincolnthlre. 

Aged  dip  the  Rev.  John  Pugh*^  M.A.,  Perpetual 
Curate  of  Lhmdecwf  n  and  Llaovlhuigel-j-Trae* 
thftu,  MoDimiuthsbire. 

Jitig  18,  At  tbe  Farrcniige,  Ironoiongenii*  Alms- 
biHuCs  Kingmbnd'roiuL,  aged  63^  the  Ker.  £dic, 
ff^itUif.  M.A.,  Cha}dirdn  to  the  WorahipfulCom- 
lniax  of  lrouinonifrer!Sf  London. 

Jutjf  19,  At  tbe  Manor -honne,  Iford,  Leveii, 
Btfed  39,  the  Rev,  J^ot^ert  Qrajton  Runtltr^  M.A. 

DEATHS. 

AEIUNOID  llf  CBUO^OLOGICAL  OBPIB. 

F^h,  30.  At  ChrUtcburcb,  New  ZcJihind,  (uinny 
yearereddlent  at  Bromptou,  Middletex,)  Hlr  Woa. 
Ogilrle,  ban.,  of  CamuuaiF,  Banffshire.  He  woa 
Ihe  1011  of  the  lati/^ir  WLUiiun  Ogilvle,  b&rt.,  of 
Royne,  Banjlfahlre,  by  ChHHiliui,  dau.  of  thv  l^.iix. 
Joihii  Pttluon,  of  Kdinburgh,  and  wodR  bom  May 
38»  1810.  He  auccceded  bift  father  in  tbe  title  in 
16f4f  oad  aerved  for  aoiiie  yean  in  H.M.'e  l€ith 
Rogl.  df  FtMt.  Tbe  late  baronet  mArriiM),  Oct. 
37,  lS3d.  AuifUflta  Porter,  dun.  of  Jaiueft  Grangv, 
ۥ44.*  of  tiie  Trvasury,  who  survives  liim.  Sir 
l^'Uliam  wo-H  tbe  head  of  one  branch  of  the  old 
Sootttah  ho«M»  of  0|rilry,  and  ahdaied  tbe  dor- 
mant barony  of  Banff  and  the  earldom  or  Find- 
l«ter  to  the  peerage  of  Hcotland.—i^on^ii  Ae* 

Mfareh  3d.  At  hi§  re^idenee.  Geelong',  ag«d  G^Ti 
Bo^r  kcL^uIl,  cw).,  late  Lieut,-CoL  RE. 

April  4.  At  Melbourne,  Henry  Parkin^  ctq., 
of  the  Bank  of  Victoria,  youu^at  son  of  the  late 
I>r,  Henry  Parkin,  R.N.,  P.R.C.8.E.,  Intpeetw 
of  HoepitaU  and  Heeta. 

April  1(L  At  Pootiamalle,  Madras,  of  fercr, 
Oapt.  Chnrlea  Daniel  Pogwn,  H.M.'a  i5th  Refft. 
{lUng'i  tiarn  Borderrra),  fifth  son  of  the  late 
Col.  W.  R.  Pogsun.  of  the  Bengal  Army, 

Majf  i.  In  caaip,  at  J Ingergatehia.  Jewnre, 
Of  ehulera,  aged  29,  Urut  Clephane  L.  Richard- 
M^M/e  5Sth  Rei^t.  Bengal  N.I  ,  youngeat 

i  of  ChrUtopher  Rowland  RiobardAon,  e#q. 

V<t]^  ft.  At  Tbayet  Myo,  Pegue,  from  the 
iAeia  of  ex|KMure  to  the  iun  in  the  diacharge 
of  hla  dudee^  Ueat.  Geo.  Spker  Hutchioft,  9th 


M.X.L,  formerly  of  U.M.'t  Iftth  E.I.,  son  of 
Col.  J.  Hutching^,  Madras  Retired  Lii*t. 

Afay  fi.  At  Lacknow,  aged  2U,  George  Henry 
Hei^ham,  Bn-vet- Major  23rd  K.  W,  FualUers, 
eldest  aon  of  the  late  George  Thomaa  Ueigham, 
esq,,  of  Houghton-hall,  Suffolk. 

At  hlfl  residence,  DaijeeUog,  aged  &3,  Samuel 
Smith,  esq.,  for  many  yean  proprietor  of  tho 
*'  Bengal  Hurkaru." 

Jfiiy  7.  At  Bathurst,  River  Gambia,  Wettem 
Africa,  f^m  the  effects  of  a  fall  ttmn.  hU  horae, 
Lieut. -Col.  Findeo,  late  of  the  Royal  Oarnhi* 
Militia. 

Map  ft.  At  JeMore,  Bengal,  of  eholero,  (tbrM 
daya  after  the  death  of  Her  huHband  of  the  aame 
diaeo^e,)  aged  21,  Laura  Knte,  relict  of  Lieut. 
Clephane  L.  RiohardAon,  U.M.'a  &aih  Regt. 
Betigat  N.L,  and  eldest  dau.  of  Lieut. -Col.  Dit* 
m.ia,  late  H.M.'a  Madras  Artillery. 

ifrj^9.  At  Chittagoog,  aged  Sa,  Maria,  tho 
vife  of  W.  B.  Baekle,  e*q,.  B.C.S. 

At  MuBAOurie,  Upper  Bengal,  Capt.  Al worth 
Merewether,  youttgvst  aoQ  of  31r*  Seijeant 
Merewether,  of  Covtlefield,  Calne. 

At  Gravcsend,  nged  78,  John  Saddlngrton,  esq. 
He  wna  formerly  resident  In  NoviUe*»-court, 
Fetter-lane,  but  about  1815  retired  from  huaineaa 
to  OraTesend,  where  he  had  been  ever  noce  ooa 
of  ita  most  reapected  Inhabitantii,  baring'  been 
long  In  the  Corporatloa  and  filled  the  of&ee  of 
Mayor.  Sir.  Baddlitffton  vat  alao  one  of  the  court 
of  anAi^tants  of  the  Company  of  5tationer»,  and 
In  1R59<60  Nprred  the  office  of  MaMer. 

Map  11.  At  Sandhurtit,  Aui^trulm,  JohnCuth- 
berl,  eldwt  non  of  Sir  John  Digby  Murray,  bart, 

Mny  13.  At  Iliutai-ecbagh.  of  ilyaentcry,  Geo. 
Cftmac  Barnes,  e«q.,  C.B.,  late  Fowlgn  flocretary 
to  the  Goremment  of  Indio, 

May  17.  At  BAiiiralore.  »gei  58,  Cd.  Alfred 
Borradoile,  Madraa  Light  Cavalry. 

May  27.  At  Calcutta,  aged  2*.  Rich.  Trench, 
eldeftt  furriTing  son  of  the  Dean  of  We*tmln»ter. 

Of  fever,  oeeaaloned  fty  exposure  and  fatigue, 
undt-Tgone  at  the  attack  on  Foi-t  Nuevo,  Thotnaa 
Foole,  euq.,  Her  Brit^uinic  Majesty's  Conjiul 
at  Lagoa.  Hie  loaa  wan  dreply  regretted,  aa 
he  waa  beloved  by  all  Europf-ana  in  the  Bight  of 
Benin,  having  abown  him«elf  to  be  one  of  th« 
■bleat  Consuls  that  boa  ever  been  appointed  at 
Lagoi. 

Lately,  At  Keith,  aged  84,  Margaret  Carr— 
otherwiw  Mad  Meg  Carr.  Margaret  waa  a  cha- 
racier— acute,  ill-tonfni«J,  and  greedy— would 
have  what  ahe  wanted,  and  wai  well  known  In 
Banffshire  and  adjoining  countloa.  She  was  ex- 
cellent at  sewing  figures  with  silk  on  watch 
papei a,  which  paid  her  well.  Until  a  few  yeara 
ago,  when  vhe  came  into  Keith,  she  Uved  about 
the  Qlen  of  Ncwmill,  on  the  Fife  ei^tatett,  and 
woa  patronised  by  tbe  Earl  of  Fife,  of  which  aha 
always  boasted.  Sbc  wua  a  stickler  for  the  E*La- 
bllsbment,  attended  the  cburth  pietty  welt, 
and  often  came  in  when  the  service*  were  half 
tliri>ugb,  unci  ma  re  bed  up  the  pulpit  stair,  gene- 
rally xittirig  at  the  top.  When  her  kdysihip  ap- 
peared, all  had  to  make  way.  Bhe  would  allow 
no  rival  near  her  throne.— ifrt«JftAii"#  Jotirtmt. 


214 


Obitiury, 


J«ifi«  1.  Aged  1%  ItiTT.  reUet  cd  th»  ]l«v. 
H.  lUcrkoiuoti,  Uto  Hector  of  Wcit  B^ford,  Noil«. 

^MM«  7.  At  Biinklow-cotUffe,  TolM-hill,  Surreal 
aged  S2,  Tboma*  Tajrler,  e«q.,  fonaerly  Uutei 
of  the  8t«tion«rt*  Company.  He  ficrred  on  ap- 
prrntilc<^9bip  ^itli  Jfr.  GosekU,  the  prinl^pr,  of 
LittlpQiiet>a-ft,,  Uolliorii,  and  In  the  yenr  ISOO 
Wtts  elected  n  lircnrmnD  of  the  Hiationers'  Com- 
pany.  Ku-Ijr  In  lire  he  qniUr>d  (he  [iilDtliiir  btui- 
nc&s,  end  hvcominir  "'  coaUmerchaat*  Acquired 
n  handMHne  eonipet<*iioy,  which  he  further  la- 
creased  hy  roRrryinpr  »  lady  of  eonsiderable  fur- 
tune^  who  after  reTy  many  yeaif  of  happiccm  U 
now  bb  widow.  lie  h&»  also  led  ui  oaly  aan,  % 
ficillcltor  tn  eminent  practice  in  Londoo*  In  IMO 
Mr.  Taylcr  wm  chown  one  of  the  Coort  of  tb« 
StfltioncrB'  Company,  of  which  h«  wu  UtMMir  in 
IBil.  He  wiu  a  inan  of  ((re4t  judgment  and  ex- 
prritncc  in  life,  and  wm  both  able  ind  viliini^  to 
KMslst  tbo^e  who  iriyught  hU  adriiee. 

J^i^/i^r  8,  At  Btmniemouth,  aired  W,  i.  Taun- 
ton, e«q.<  «ollettor«  of  Oxfordt  second  ion  of  the 
late  Thom««  Henry  Taunton,  e*q.f  of  Grondpotit* 
bouM,  near  OmfonL 

Jumf  10.  At  Weymnoth,  tilled  10,  M^or  U. 
AuKUftUA  Colby,  Royal  Engiaeer*. 

June  12.  At  Hkellow-frangc,  near  Doiion4ter» 
tLgtd  60,  Oodftey  Hirf^itiD,  esq.  The  dcceaMd 
WM  the  only  eon  of  the  Utie  Godfrey  Higffine, 
esq  ,  F.S.A.,  the  Icamwl  KQthor  of  "The  Celtic 
Drnidfl  ;"  "  Anneal yp»i9,  or  an  Attempt  to  Draw 
Aairti"  the  Sattic  Veil  of  Uls ;"  **  llora*  S*ibbotica»» 
or  an  Attempt  to  Corrf»ot  oertaiji  Valgar  Krron 
reypeetlng  the  Hubbuth  i"  ^^  Apology  for  ttie 
Aire  und  Chancier  of  Mahom«t,"  and  varlont 
pamphloti  oa  p«UtiM  and  tlie  treatment  of 
the  insane.  A  podifrea  «f  tha  tmMf  la  to  h« 
found  in  IIunter'A  "Deoni^ry  of  Do]M»«ter,** 
v»l.  U.  p.  481. 

/un«  13.  At  Porntlnfiton  Bcctory,  Someiiet, 
Oeorglnii  Miirirnretta,  wife  of  the  ll4'r.  J,  Ileale* 
Aud  fMUigettt  dau.  of  the  lat«  Flii'twood  Wil- 
llama,  oiq^  formerly  of  lloddwyddan,  North 
Walea. 

Junt  17.  At  hi<t  reaSaen^e,  Boekland-temt«e, 
riymouth,  aired  SO,  John  Moore,  eaq.,  J.P. 

Jum9  It.  Acoidentaliy  drowned  in  the  riv«r 
Halt*  nmg  Ui  reaideitot,  B««kfdiiUcifih  Abbcyi 
Botttli  Deiran,  ag«d  S5,  Sara.  Leif  h  liotheby,  e«|. 
See  OMtTtTAar. 

jMf  20.  At  hU  reaidence,  Klnf*f-terr.,  South- 
mA,  mgtd  TO.  lien.  Wax.  lltUett  Connolly,  late 
of  the  Itoyal  Marines  f  .Iffht  Infantry. 

*i'    ' '■  - '—  thn  liQHphorua,  after  an  IIU 

IT.  ,  Kleanor  Kranoc*  Klixdheth* 

^  :  I  :  H  e«ton,  and  dau.  of  tha  Ute 

ii»hu  Cruuk«  i  re«»taaii,  omi.,  of  Ctook^halJ^  Lui* 
cA^hlre. 

«fMii#  SI.  Ir,  r"  '  tr»et«  CSavendUh-aq., 
•ffd  IK^  Jtampy  1)1  Ada  11 1,  raq.,  C'^rn* 

mNmry-QfBfff  ^  t  orcra. 

/iMMil.  la  ChOTtor-flt.,  aroarciM»^9U  «|^ 
fl»  Madam  '•Idnw  t>f  M-^ifw-Ow  rr^bfW. 

TlNoii«»iht. 

M  Ltedield,  .,    , ....;,, ^. 


TorTtAhire,  ftonoerly  View  of  llofv* 
Curute  of  WlveliiiFtd  and  ileoilcld. 

Kliied  at  a  lire  in  Tooley-»t^  Mr.  Joa.  Ilnid- 
wood,  Supcrinteadenl  of  the  Londoa  ftn  Bdi^dv. 
8e<  OBiTVAaT. 

Junt  23.  In  Aedford-Hiq.,  ored  HI,  n«iBurat 
noe,  M.D..  Fellow  of  the  Iloyal  I'olHl*  of 
Phyjrlctan».  London,  for  more  than  forty  fetni 
Pbyiicfan  to  Ht  parthotoisewV  KoopUol* 

At  ChcUeuham,  aged  fl7,  SttaoanaJi  AmuSt 
widow  of  Lleut.*CoU  Georie  Procts-,  of  tha 
Eoyal  MlUUry  Gotlege,  Sandharrt. 

At  Grenford,  Denbigfajtbire^  aged  tT.  KIIm»«^ 
laat  iurHvlQtr  dan.  of  the  lat«  Eev.  Bciif7  IStw* 
eocne,  forniorly  Vicar  of  Gre-iford. 

At  hii  rrpiidrner,  Ersklne-it.,  Lf^Tpoel,  afed 
96.  Oiiter  Golci^rnilth,  e«q,,  AsHlPtBat'Commlanry- 
General.  The  decea»c>d  waaof  the  atine  ^mUfam 
the  author  of  the  "  Viear  of  Wakefleld,"  OAiS  when 
In  HnJlfax,  Noto  f^eofia,  more  thitn  thirty  y^mm 
aincc,  he  proved  that  he  poaseaaed  mneh  of  the 
poctleal  talent  of  hij  celebrated  tumcpake,  by 
publUhing  m  poem  of  oonaidcrahle  merit  oiler 
the  Ptylc  of  the  *'  Deserted  VdUife.'* 

At  ftkiathend*  T.taex,  nged  S8,  Gkthertne,  wfdioiv 
of  George  Wright,  esq.,  and  daa.  of  the  late  Dr. 
Luilo,  Dean  of  WeU*. 

June  34.  At  AbLnger-hall,  aged  M,  the  Bight 
Hon.  Robert  Campbell  Scarlett^  Baron  Ahihfet. 
See  OsiTtraav. 

At  Dorer,  aired  16,  Henry,  ooo  oi  Mi  Bearf 
Bold  Hoffhtoa.  hart 

At  the  house  of  her  nephew,  (the  Rer^.  K. 
Br1«tow  Wilson,  the  Vicarage.  Oreal  §Uughlon, 
Uunta,}  aged  01,  Sjiruh,  eldest  dun.  of  the  klo 
fi«f,  John  Moorc',  Minor  Canon  of  BL  Paul'a, 
Keetor  of  St.  Micbaeri  Bas«iahaw,  Liondon,  and 
of  Langdon-hilli,  £a4«x, 

Jum  26,  At  Coaatontinople,  H.I.M.  the  8al^ 
tan.    8eeO»iTrAKT. 

At  Kempsford,  Glouecatemhire,  aged  53,  the 
Lady  Geoaviana  Gamh  Itourke,  Her  latlyahip 
vaa  the  eldest  dau.  of  the  Ei^ht  Uon.  John 
WUUam,  ith  Eari  of  Beaaborniigh  in  the  Irish 
p«>enige,  (aoine  time  Lord  Lieut,  of  Ireland,)  by 
the  Lwiy  Miry  Pone,  third  duu.  of  John,  tenth 
Earl  of  WeetmorelamL  She  woe  bom  Aosiut 
II,  l»07,  and  married.  In  June,  ItSi;  the  B«n 
SackvilUt  Oardlaer  Bourke^  Beetor  of  Hatherop, 
Gloaeester»hire,  [son  of  the  Ute  Hon.  and  Veti' 
Kev.  Joseph  Boarke^aome  time  Dean  of  O^ory,} 
by  whom  she  has  left  a  yoaihfal  famUj.  Ucr 
ladyship  waa  left  a  widow  in  ltm,--Mmdm 

Jt*H4  26.  At  Debdale,  Finrdon.  Northamptoo* 
shite,  aged  71,  Miss  Frances  Juliana  Mark  worth, 
ihe  waa  bom  in  iii^O,  and  was  the  eldeat  dau.  of 
the  lale  Sit  iJighy  Mtokworth^  bart-.  of  Caven- 
dkh-hall,  Sitilbik,  by  hb  hrat  ^^  '     '  nntj 

dan.  and  heir  of  the  Rer,  Mai.  <iid 

^ninddau.  of  Anthony  Moddoek-        ,  .        ?fn- 
ydon,  GUmi»rgun*hlre.  and  eonsrquenliy  stater 
of  Sir   D    Maeitarurth,  third  Inmiirt,  mnA  nf  Mr. 
ui   n.  I.  Mn^  VI' rn. 

'•Hh-IMbeii  vtt 

.i  1.^    iHsrrled    a  v         ._    ,^ 

(Ucaver)  of  Uabin.'i^eMBn  Jlivicw. 


r 


I 


1661.] 


Obituabt. 


215 


At  Dfyver,  a(M  t5,  Emilia,  the  ^i^e  of  Mtjor- 
Gcn.  William  Kepuun,  md  ilatt.  of  the  Ute  Col. 
iifhn  YoTke. 

At  Slilton-Brodie,  Elka,  relict  of  Qcnry  Joftcpb 
Brodic  Dunn«  i;m|,,  of  Milton-Btodie. 

Ac  DundAJt  Caitle,  Mary,  fourth  daa.  of  Jaiaoi 
Diiu«la«,  esq.,  of  lJunda«« 

At  Birch  Rwrtory,  near  CoIcbe«ter,  aired  22, 
Edith  Bruetenkury.  eldest  child  of  the  B«T.  Wm, 
liarriium,  Rector  of  Bucb. 

At  Sowcrhy  FarKUiftge,  near  Haliftut,  aged  42, 
MiiTlau  JAne,  wife  of  the  Rcr.  A,  L.  W.  Bfon, 
jDCUUitMaiit  of  Sowerby. 

At  Tunbridgc  Well^,  Gertrude,  teroiDd  duu.  of 
Lieut.-Cul.  Ht>ld«u«lU>Mi>,  Isle  ITth  Ltmeefvi  tuid 
of  th«  Fern*,  WlTt?lsfteld,  Susnex. 

At  the  Wengcrn-Alp  Holel,  near  InterllfiheD, 
aged  4tt,  Cliariottc,  wife  of  R.  IL  Mytton,  esq. 
iShv  w&A  the  third  dan.  of  Col.  Puul  Mdcgrriror, 
muury  AuditGr-Geoeral  of  Bengal,  and  married, 
in  ISao,  atchurd  Herbert  Mytton,  c*q.,  of  Garth, 
neftT  WcUbpool,  Moot  isomer  jshlre^  late  High 
hlieiifr  and  Chairman  of  the  Quarter  Senioaa  of 
til  lit  eounty,  who  wai  fonnerlj  In  tie  Bengal 
Civil  5«rriee,  on^  who  representit  a  branch  of  the 
ftneieot  hoiuN!  of  Mutton  of  Hakton. 

June  27.    At  Bnigc*,  Caroline^  elde»t  dan.  of 

9  Iflle  Ll0Ut.-Gen.  Sir  Junee  Batbturflt,  K.C.B., 
I  of  Li4y  OftTQline  fiatbursU 

Stiddcnly,  Mabel  Beatrix,  yonngcit  daa,  of 
Deut.^oL  «nd  Ludj  Emily  Cavcndiah. 

At  her  huu^ic,  in  Park-eren.,  aged  $4,  Mary, 
wi4uft-  of  the  iiigbt  But.  Wiiliom  CarejTi  Lurd 
Bi'<bop  of  St.  Asaph. 

In  GtirdctaHM),,  aged  9\,  George  liiiagnre,  eaq.. 
of  iihililaffioa-manor,  BodfonUhire,  and  Borden- 
luiU,  Kent, 

Agfd  SS,  Mary,  relict  of  the  Eev,  Uenrf  >*if- 
leaworth,  of  Townhead,  Rector  of  Slaidhum-tn« 
Craven,  three  dayi»  after  the  death  of  her  lister, 
Mrs.  Alcock,  of  Ncwaeld-holL 

At  Ketteitigtao,  aged  97^  Mary,  relict  of  Thoa* 
Wiarman,  Mq. 

Jttm  ^6.  At  Fcnitoot  Devon,  aged  71,  the 
.  E«n  Sir  John  PaltCKon.    See  OuiTVAftT. 

At  Fiogcat-housc,  UeiileyHDn'Tbamc«t  aged  61, 
i  ioam  Dytr,  esq.,  late  of  the  Adniiralty, 

At  Brentwood,  Eaaex,  aged  91,  Lawraoee  Thoa. 
JobttJton  Ridurdaon,  e«q,,  M.D. 

At  the  residence  of  his  dau.,  little  Stonhope- 

Piccadillf,  aged  SO,  Mr.  John  Bonbam,  44 

I  keeper  of  tiie  Dnlwioh  Picture  OoUery. 

At  BAgginlon  Uectory,  Warwick-^blre.  aged  53, 

lofcilda  Kathoiine,  wife  of  the  Eev.  Frederick 

h.  Rector.    Hhe  waii  adau.  of  the  Ute  liiKht 

n.  Wm*  Yatea  Peel,  of  Amington-hall.  (ne*t 

other  of  the  late  Right  Hon.  Sir  Robert  Pffel, 

.,)  bj  the  Lad  J  Jane  EUxabeth  Moore,  second 

,  of  Bt^phmt  weoild  Earl  of  Mount  TaitbeU. 

'  death  woa  oeeosioaed  bjr  her  clotbca  acci* 

dviilHlljf  taking  Jlre. 

Jun*2i,     At  Florence,  after  a  long  Ulncaa, 

abeth,  mife  of  Robert  firowmtig,  eaq.    .She 

ffinnrrly   well  known    uoder  her  maiden 

t  of  HiM  Elixabeth  Barrett.    She  wuh  bam 

,  (if  a  family  in  aSueat  circumatanueat 


and  waa  educated  with  great  eape,  CIhe  began  lo 
write  both  Tcrac  and  prone  at  an  e»rlT  nge,  and 
become,  while  atill  in  her  tecna,  a  contributor  to 
aeTcrol  of  the  best  pe riodical«  of  the  day.  Her 
first  acknowledged  work  was  a  t^aJ^AUtlon  of  the 
"Fromctbciia  Vincliiii"  of  .E^chylua,  which 
appeared  originally  In  1S33,  bat  wad  aft«r> 
warda  »\ipt'rscd£d  by  a  new  verftion  from  her 
more  mature  pen.  In  1838  appeared  '*  Th« 
Seraphim"  and  other  poemfl— tJic  latter  mainly 
reprinted  trota  the  pcriodicalf  in  which  they  had 
flrul  appeared.  About  this  time  she  fell  into  ill 
health,  and  hn%ing  broken  a  blcMid'TeM«el  in  the 
region  of  the  lungs,  wiia  ordered  to  winter  at 
Torqaay ;  hut  though  ahe  slowly  recovered  from 
the  original  dUcuHe,  her  health  wbtle  there  le^ 
«c«ved  tuM  pAiarul  a  iiliock  from  her  bruther'is  death 
by  the  upsetting  of  a  boat,  that  for  <M:ttne  yeara 
ahe  waa  a  eon3i  mcd  invalid.  In  the  seclusion  of 
a  aiek  room,  however,  ahe  studied  the  cla»!-ics 
moat  eorefhlly,  and  in  lft44  |»roduced  the  first 
oolleot«d  edition  of  her  **  Poeraa,"  on  which  her 
fame  chiefly  rcits,  and  of  whkh  new  editians  np« 
peored  In  1850  and  ISW,  They  were  ptiblibhfd 
each  in  two  volumes.  In  the  interval  l>etwecti 
the  appearance  of  the  first  and  aecond  editioiia 
of  tiiia  work  Mlaa  Barrett  married  Mr.  Robert 
Browning,  w]w»e  name  ja  well  known  tu  the 
Utcmry  world  n»  one  of  our  few  living  poeta. 
fiincii  their  marriage,  Mr.  and  Mrtu  Browning 
have  lived  mainly  tn  Italy,  though  they  hare 
paid  thort  riidti  oocAaionolly  tu  their  frLenda  So. 
England.  In  18^1  Mra,  Browning  pnbliahed 
*'  Caaa  Giiidi  Winduwa,"  a  poeas  full  of  earntet 
politif^aJ  atlu^iona  to  the  present  slate  of  Italy,  in 
vbieh  the  uutborem  La  auppcned  to  lee  the  aigna 
and  appearLince^ii  of  the  Italian  revolutionary 
movementa  of  1IS4H-B,  rr<Jtn  Ibe  windowa  of  ihe 
Caaa  OoidI  in  Florence,  where  ahc  waa  then 
residing.  Her  subsequent  publication,  '*  Aururm 
Leigh,"  haj  appeared  loii  rveently  to  need  more 
Ihan  a  casual  m ontion  of  ita  amine.  1 1  la,  however, 
from  such  poems  ta  "  The  Poet^a  Vow,"  **  Cow* 
pcr'a  Grave,"  ♦'  Catharina  to  Camoena,^'  and 
**  Bertha  in  the  Lane,*'  that  the  name  of  Mra. 
Browning  will  be  (lie  moat  widely  and  popuUrly 
known  both*to  thia  and  to  the  next  gcnerotioa. 
London  fitvietPt 

JuHt  30.  In  Portland-place,  aged  72,  Lloyd 
He«kith'Bamford*lIeaketh»  esq.,  of  Qwrych 
Castie,  Denbighshire, 

At  the  residence  of  her  brother-in-law,  (Capt. 
Coffin,  Oavcrahom'hill,  Reading,  |  aged  6^,  ELkit 
Ann  Elizabeth,  relict  of  Maj.-Oen.  Lockyer. 

Ltiit'ly.  At  Nancy,  Prince  Francin  Aagu*tua 
of  llesae-Phii  pftthal,  where  he  had  long  redded 
under  the  name  of  Baron  de  Faakner.  The  de- 
ceased Prince,  who  woa  the  youngott  aon  of  the 
Landgrave  ErueAt  ConMantin,  of  Hchwarxburg- 
Radolbtudl,  married  a  nmnii^  jM^raoo  of  humble 
birth  in  L&ll,  and  had  resided  In  France  ever 
ainoe. 

/wfy  1.  At  Boflkrow,  neor  Penryn,  Cornwall, 
aged  76,  I>avid  Barclay,  eaq,,  of  East  wick -pork, 
Surrey. 

At  Maiaonnette^  Devon,  aged  ^3,  Arthur  Wm. 
Olirv  Holdflwortb,  eiq. 


216 


Obittaxt. 


[A«gi 


JuJp  S.  Aired  €1,  Elinibefh,  wife  of  Mwiat 
Leach,  of  Caratan,  Pemtarokjefiliire. 

At  Ldirb-hoaiie,  Briclitaii,  aired  67,  Jue,  reliet 
of  the  Rrr.  Joorph  Hodcwai,  fonnerly  Perpetnal 
Cnratr  of  Lei|irb,  Sorrer. 

At  Chippenham,  Willi,  from  the  vpwttinir  of 
a  boat,  afed  16,  Atida  Eirene,  eldent  dau.  of  the 
late  Ber.  Jo*  n  Lowder,  iDcumbeDt  of  Dnrr- 
hilU  near  Calne,  and  afterwai  d»  Brxtiah  Chuplahi 
at  fthanfhai,  China. 

lira.  Kider,  widow  of  Capt.  Bamham  Sider, 
£K. 

July%.  In  PaA-pL,  GkiuepaU'j  -irate^  Beywrt V 
liark.  aped  72,  Capt.  Wm.  MilleT,  K.X.  He  was 
bom  in  ITRB.  and  mtm-d  the  Eojal  Xarr  in 
NoToubcr,  IBIl.  He  van  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  Liratraant  in  1R2&,  xn*o  tte  ** Pnmroa<  ,*"  16, 
CapL  Ortarnv  YenMn-Harroort,  on  the  Weal 
India  HUtkm,  whexioe  he  retnmed  in  Jnlj,  1627. 
For  aome  xeani  anbmq-.icnt  to  Frhruarr,  164S, 
he  fierrvd  a»  Admindtr  afreni  on  tioard  of  a  ocm- 
tract  mail  lAejua-rp-ael.  He  attaiiM>d  the  rank 
of  Commander  in  JnlT,  1M6. — Ltmimm  JSitnv. 

At  BuirbT,  a{!cid  56,  Ann,  wik  of  the  Bcr.  C 
A.  Anrtex. 

At  Os-dnpefirld,  eo.  Dam,  a|red  SI,  Charlea 
Williun  BlakifttoB  Hooiftan.  esq.  Be  was  bom 
MuT  11,  1KS6,  and  wa»  the  th:rd  and  Toai^i*- 
f«l  aon  of  the  late  Kichard  Barlf  Blakirtan 
Houtt^on.  r*q..  br  Ufarr  litabella,  dan.  of  Jcda 
n(]lmef>  BouRton.  c«q_  of  Oranirrfieid  and  Bod- 
Acnfk  eo.  I^oam,  whose  name  he  aumuned.  Hi* 
faxher  wat.  the  fifth  son  uf  Sir  MatU^^  Blakia- 
ttm.  harL:  and  matemaDT  he  wan  devended 
trvm  a  branch  nf  the  Bannmmfv.  of  Homitoun, 
oo.  lUmirrw.  wiiioh  wait  mrr  to  Ireland  and 
arttleo  in  the  ooontj  of  Aatrim  ahtnn  1C9A.— 
Jjumdim  JUritw. 

J^ff  4.  At  Ghfrxtae-ectrtare.  Folkefctnne, 
Itcmifau  widow  ctf  the  Brr.  Bieshard  Harvey, 
Xipnnr  ctf  rppcar  ^weiU,  Glanmaer. 

At  tisjt  LunbcT-irran^,  LinNilmMTT,  aped 
4a.  £brab(«h,  wife  nf  Rhbm  Bavfrn.  nq^  and 
rideiQ  dan.  of  Jnhn  Ffsiton.  enq..  o'  CnmYtle-hall, 
LanoaHhire,  and  forrDerhr  M  .F.  5nr  Eoc^dkle. 

Ai  Bcm'fiinke-mir-Mfa-,  nfrd  76,  Mcrr  Ann, 
rrlKS  of  JoMTTih  JaokMOL  eviq^  ctf  the  i*rdnsnee 
I^niarcaMsa,  Tower,  aoid  late  of  ^pnn|r-«oaape, 
TcCtfuham. 

fmddmJr.  aS  haf  leaidRntf-.  Wc«t  dar^tOHift^ 
3CrwoaKtie-T;pn»-77na.   a|!vd  M.   Mr 
CkraixqRT,  a  ana   t»  wiHoa  thas 

D  ITHft.  wna  nf  Teiy 
knnilik'  ta^ifsm.  and  hpmy  evrhr  litft  an  iB|fiha&^ 
ke  jauuj*ed  anhr  ih*  nmsfe  mdzmcwtf  nf  «dnca- 
tHBL  Jtt  1i»  Sl  An(!srw^»  cftuntr  flnban:  ia  that 
Spwl  Bff  WMF  ■fqnBBtiBed  tr  a  tais'jieJBtBr,  biS 
ke  aaim  gusand  itie  brattdu  and  ha-rmf^  the  pnad 
fcaVBU  nt'  oUuua  a  wsft  wisfc  anmr  |u  lynui  t .  hew 
riBapaoB.  waf-  ato  tr  nmnmraBr 


L  hn-  i«x  atainnirL  wikrb  h»  mdnfttrr 
and  ta«an  *«rartit  hm.  a^  anvih  liimnie. 

St.vzuu^il  ^tem  oiuii jujM  wa>  tiit  ctrmtum 
«f  Utteb-aynan,  mnnfianc  nf  hioidwme 
ill  inda 


Terraoe  and  Creaomt,  oontaiBiB^  aewHlyfli^^ 
daa*  and  sixtj  Moand-claaB  hooaea,  with  pnliifcai 
■tone  frcmta,  and  highlx  ornamental,  Tfaia«a- 
xiehed  him.  He  then  projected  the  Arcade, 
where  are  the  Poet-oi&oe  and  many  other  odBoea. 
Gxainfcr  had  now  enriched  hia  native  town  wttk 
pitipeilj  of  the  Ta>Qe  of  nearlj  £300,000.  This 
wan  before  befinninir  his  **  New  Town,**  and  eoa- 
Bated  of  earlr  rreetiaDa,  of  EUhm-aqaaxe,  lieasea- 
terraoe  and  neiirhbonrhood,  and  the  Boyal 
Arcade.  At  hmirth  Mr.  Grainirer  pmvhaaad  U 
aeres  in  the  middle  of  the  town,  a  npm.  kaovB 
aa  AndcTMD'a  Plaoe,  for  the  sum  of  £90,080— a 
bold  Btr  ike  far  an  old  charftr-boy !  Onaa  was 
t  e  public  curioaity  to  know  hif  object,  bat  he 
kept  it  a  profcmnd  iteoret  for  anme  tiae.  He 
matnred  hif>  plana  in  his  own  offioe,  and  'MC 
a  partiralBr  was  known  until  his  arranfeaenli 
were  oompketed.  Without  Aet  of  ParliaflaeDt  he 
had  boBirht  other  old  jutqieity  to  the  amoiifit  of 
£45,000,  beinp  enongrh  to  enable  him  to  opea 
ooomnnica  ion*  between  acme  of  the  basr  paata 
of  the  town,  distant  from  each  ottier,  and  which 
befoie  oonld  onlr  be  readied  br  widelT  circuilaua 
waya.  He  now  formed  a  central  iiueei,  and  hia 
pLanr  bezn|r  too  large  and  bold  far  his  powera, 
he  aaanciatad  with  him  the  Town  Qei^  and 
anbmiited  his  deidfBs  and  propoaala  to  pabfie 
in«|ieoti<«.  The  pcpolar  roiee  was  no  flCnmf  eod 
lond  in  flkToor  of  their  eseeotion.  that  the  Town 
CarparatKB  |swe  np  the  old  market,  w^kh  rtooi 
in  the  war,  and  takinp  £lS,OfiO  for  the  dd,  ffa-vv 
£16.000  for  the  new  one,  whacih  was  opened  in 
16.n&.  The  onoanoB  was  oeiebrated  by  a  fsa»d 
pnbhr  drnneir  in  'flie  master  at  whic^  ahoatt 
2.000  £ent>in««i  were  imnum,  hefddes  300  ladiea. 
It  wa»  then  declarpd  that  Mr.  Onxniser  alone 
de«d|rned  all  the  eswmtial  poteta  in  the  caecitkma 
for  which  he  was  ref^MSMdhle.  Thasmaxkdisthe 
fineA  in  the  kinfdam.  exoeedinir  tm 
ford  and  Liierpodl  maikcts  in  ain 


A  theatre  #«»nd  in  GnaBfer^s  way.  In  order 
to  pen  zid  of  Ss  iivniry  to  his  plana,  he  fa-ve  ike 
pr(ipgietug»  a  new  theatre  for  thesr  old  oaa,  anl 
the  nna  nf  £300  tt  boot. 

Tht  ptmnd  nf  :^ieBrvtm 
hot  creaa  Wtifrut  and  anxiAier  ' 
by  the  ddhrnlty  «f  the  cxoaTaxians  and  levfAa. 
Tne  ontlay  of  mcnry  aoid  hihnar  in  prrpan^f 
the  fTnmd  alane  was  iiiinwawg  <Ud  imyoit 
was  to  be  jimtihawid.  hiUs  had  la  be  iercilted, 
and  ▼aQry*  fiLM  iQv  to  nnhe  the  nrw  ataweta 
wxtb  the  nM  oneK  After  £Cnv  iq»  the  vaUeyn 
and  lr«<e£fanf  the  ndpea.  aa£  ww  eaned  away., 
«  3k.  ptff  lend.  «« the  aonnma  nf  CU44A.  which 
waf  jmaA  ^^  raie  indirutnal  nlnne.  By  (ttberB^ 
th(«  w««e  rarttid  SM\  00f>  kmds  nf  1«  rabv  1«<c 
per  JCMid.  This  ammanind  ti>  foar  milhinis  and 
a  ha:*  iff  raihit  ftiA.  <ir  toinvpb  te  opTnr  30K  acsea 
nf  f!7rani£  one  tMH  UtaoL.  The  TKHonp  ana  Uie 
carai  i;,  rkdnfirTr  ti  thr  ooff  nf  iM^UMdl.  amramted 

C^iiry  utrcnpir  te  SCraTwoik'  »  nsmnk  wrJh 
Shr  fB>9  aipht  «f  ^^er:i-<4«7Mi:.     Tht 
wiaA  onwuBwr  A.  SMI  tt 
ntmtnK  nre  «tf  a  laiifevo:^  «nttnna  <iidniir; 


18GL] 


Obituary. 


217 


the  drcNoratlfmB  m  of  •olid  ftone.  Grey-atrect 
luM  the  advantAffo  even  otct  Rcgonr-*tTefri, 
Lotidtm,  not  only  In  the  richness  of  iib  archJtcc- 
lure,  bat  alno  in  the  ralui"  and  beautf  of  the  ma- 
tch nl*  I'liiptoycf-df  luid  in  the  Kupcriority  of  tu 
fl&tii  (Stone  <»Ter  the  brick,  face>d  wUh  iimccp,  in 
H*in'iit-Htrwt.  Grey-*lro€t  i#  400  ^ardu  lonK, 
ftoin  w-'Tcnty  to  eiicbty  feqt  T»ide,  and  curvUineur 
In  furiii.  The  hou«M.ei  wre  four  lofly  siorey*  bi|:h» 
WicH  a  bas«mcnt  titory  for  cclUrs.  The  mc* 
I  fomed  bj  the  erot*  itreets  cunipriMe  sepa- 
s  dufgns.  Of  one  part— the  ircrt  side— «oa* 
'  pbHair  of  tkirec  ranges  of  buildings,  the  arcbl- 
toeture  is  Coiinihiiiii,  and  derived  fn.po  the  in- 
teiior  of  the  Paiithfon  at  llome.  The  second 
range  ia  after  the  Temple  of  KIcu>i»,  and  the 
Qolumiu  are  twenty-two  feet  higb.  The  third 
eompartineat  eompiebea4ia  the  grcnt  Central 
SstohMfte,  which  affords  a  fine  place  of  general 
seetlng;  and  include*  a  news'-rt^oni,  coffee- 
roofm«  and  h»ll  of  eonfcrence.  This  maMiTe 
boUding  ia  the  mo«i  cou»pii;uous  in  the  town, 
fram  ii«  ocamd  iltnation  and  the  mutfnMicence 
of  ll»  deaf gn.  It  i«  lighted  from  the  lop.  The 
Bterlor  neHaBuremenU  tre  130  It.  by  Oj  fl.»  In 
I  •cmicircle  of  75  feet  radius. 

Thn»  much  for  Grey -street.  But  Richard 
OraingiT  al«o  huilt  Graingcr-ntreet,  ZW  yards 
long,  and  66  feet  iride;  Market-»trc«t,  IfKl  yards 
long,  and  66  feet  wide  ]  Clayton-street,  316  yard* 
long:  Uid  Chiyton^reet  Westf  230  yurdj  long, 
hf  61  feet  wide.  Other  atroeta  of  less  length  are 
Oninger'*  work.  All  hm  ctreeta  nhew  fronts  of 
polifbed  stone,  in  varied  de«igna.  Tbiui,  there 
were  nine  new  stteeta  addi'*!  iw  the  towi*  in  the 
eoutM  of  five  yeiirs ;    and  near  I)'   one  iDillicm 

»rUng*«  worth  of  pro|iertf  was  added  to  tho 

Uoe  0f  the  town  In  Ave  ycara  by  one  man. 

Htsdenth,  wUfoh  was  very  sndden,  from  dlaease 
of  the  heart,  caused  rouch  rtjfrel  in  the  town, 
and  his  remains  were  honoured  with  a  public 
"^  neral,  on  July  10«    XftcctutU  Courant, 

Jui^  i.  In  London,  George  Fergupson  Ful- 
on,  e»q.,  Madras  Ciril  Service,  •euund  emn  of 
he  late  Lord  Fullcrton,  Edinbuigh. 

At  Newton  8t.  Looe,  UaLh,  aged  18,  Catherine 

aee.  third  dau,  of  (j<N)rgc  Mil  ward,  ttq,,  of 

ehUde  Manor,  Gloucettercibire. 

At  Brighton,  aged  73,  Benjamin  Lewis,  esq., 
Commander  R.N. 

Juf^f  6.  At  Uenton-park,  OLiey,  aped  46,  Sir 
.rles  lbt»etj9on,  bart«  The  late  baronet  was 
I  on  the  24th  of  July,  ISU,  and  succeeded  to 
baronetcy  on  the  death  of  his  fathi-r,  the 

ttrih  banmet,  in  April,  1B39.    Ho  hud   I  eeo 

Tly  in  the  armyt  and  had  held  commia* 

I  In  the  Yorkshire  HoMars  and  the  West 

Fork  Mldtia.    In  lft47  he  married  the  widow  of 

Mr.  R   ferkina,  of  Ashworth,  I>urhiim.     In  de* 

fault  of  iK»ue    the    baronetcy  devolves  on  hu 

|«Dcte,  Mr,  J.  T.  Ihbetson  Belw^n,  of  Down  hail. 

At  Bampetead«  iged  72,  Sir  Franeii  Palgmre, 
1H>,  Deputy  *Eeeper  of  tiie  rubllo  Reeonli. 

!  OatTVAkY. 

lo  London,  lleiiry  Somen,  fsq.,  M.D.,  mrgMll 
of  H..M/»  Wtii  Kfgt. 


At  Cnddesdon  Pal.n^e,  aged  82,  Mary,  widlow 
of  tlie  Rev.  J.  Sarpent,  and  inothcr-la«l«w  of 
the  I*iJrd  Bishop  of  Oxford. 

At  G  lam  ford  Brigg*,  suddenly,  aged  i^,  Ue&ry 
Murston,  c«q.,  «urgeon. 

Juljf  7.  At  Uptjn-bou*e,  Alresfbrd,  aged  S!, 
the  Hon.  Tho«,  Cranley  Onslow,  lute  Col.  of  the 
2nd  Surrey  Militia,  and  Lieut.-CoL  in  tbc  ik;&l» 
FuetUer  Guardm. 

At  Taignlon,  Iievon,  aged  US,  Calberine,  widow 
of  the  Uev.  Uf>race  Suckling,  lU«tor  of  Barakain, 
Suffolk. 

Jttljf  S.  At  Arundel  Cantle,  aged  9,  Charlea 
Bemanl,  son  of  Lord  and  Lady  Edward  t'jlisalan 
Howard. 

At  Cullumpton,  Do  von,  agod  81,  Eobt.  Sean, 
esq. 

At  EJtowrldge.ntilbertoo,  of  apoplexy,  aged  47, 
Charles  John  Parker,  esq.,  R.N.,  late  Master  of 
the  **  Victory,"  Portsmouth. 

Jttljf  a.  Can»llnc  El iKstbt^th,  wife  of  CoL  Artbtir 
Charles  Lowe,  of  Couri-of-llil),  Balup. 

At  Pcckhum,  aged  6a,  KlJKabeth,  wlilow  of 
Richard  Burgess  Scale,  ewi,,  lute  of  Haklead* 

In  Daruley  -  road,  Hackney,  aged  AC,  John 
Spencer  Colepeper,  esq.,  late  Police  I^lagislrato 
in  0171011. 

At  his  resldenoe  in  PlocodSlly,  aged  67,  Edw. 
Donovan  Vemer,  esq.,  M.D.|  Late  of  the  Boyal 
Artdkry. 

Jultf  10.  At  Brighton,  aged  36,  Mnjor  M.  F. 
Kemble,  of  the  Bengal  Army,  only  fon  of  tho 
late  C-apt.  Matthew  Keuiblt^i  of  the  l»t  Madras 
Light  Ciivalry. 

In  Dublin,  Major  8ankey,  of  Fort  Frederick, 
00^  Cavan,  formerly  of  the  0th  Regt.,  and  elder 
son  of  the  bite  John  Saukey,  ctfq.,of  Mcrrton-^, 

At  Clarenec-hoaac.  Heme  Buy,  agod  75,  Wtn. 
^*ewton,  esq*,  A.1.C.E-,  of  Chancery-lane, 

Jutjf  U.  In  I,ondon,  afli^r  severe  illneas* 
Jtihnfton  Tt^orp,  e«q.,  ttecond  son  of  the  kte  R. 
Disney  Thorp,  M.D.,  and  brother  of  the  Arch- 
di  aeon  of  Bri«toL 

At  the  naidenoe  of  her  nephew,  (Richard  Can]> 
field,  <»q.,  Noith  Ahbey-sq.,  Cork,)  aged  7A,  Jantt 
dittu.  of  the  late  Hmry  GotnalL, « sq.,  M.D.,  llnml 
de-L'Ciidaal  of  »iT  Ilinry  Qosnall,  knt,  M.P.  for 
Clubakilty  1613,  aod  one  of  the  Council  for 
the  province  of  Munstcr. 

July  12.  At  Putuey,  agc^  Z^,  Stair  Douglas, 
esq.,  thlrU  »on  of  Gen.  Sir  James  Douglas,  O.C.B. 

At  his  residence,  Nu  ley^villii,  Torquay,  aged 
M,  Osfiald  Wm.  Ketterer,  ei»q.,  of  the  Suprtma 
Cuurt  of  Judicature,  Bombay. 

At  Leamington  aged  B\  Mary  Ann,  widow 
of  Mujor  Thort,  Champ,  43rd  Light  Infantry. 

At  Torquay,  agCHi  2d,  Capt.  Edward  John  Lees, 
06  Lh  Royal  R*  gt.,  eldest  sou  of  George  tiCfs,  (Mq^ 
of  Wemotb,  Laucaeter,  and  Lanadowne-hotito^ 
Cheltenham. 

From  an  acci  lentnil  f4l)ofFtbe  cliff  near  Fresh- 
water, Isle  of  Wight,  aged  17,  William  Johnaont 
third  son  of  Joeieph  Johnson  MileS|  esq.,  of  Mill- 
field-lane,  Highgate. 

In  Edinburgh,  John  Scbank  More,  e«q.,  Adro- 
CSt*,  LL.1>.,  Ffyfcsior  of  the  Lnw  of  BccJtkiid 


218 


Obituaey. 


[Aog. 


in  the  University  of  Edinburgh.  His  edition  of 
•«  Lord  Stair's  Institute*,"  and  the  elaborate  and 
Tery  valuable  notes  with  which  he  enriched  it, 
will  secure  him  a  permanent  place  in  the  history 
of  the  law  of  Scotland. 

July  IS.  At  WhitehaU,  EHsex,  after  a  short 
illness,  aged  36,  Sir  Godfrey  John  Thomas,  bart. 
The  deceased,  who  was  the  eighth  baronet,  was 
bom  at  Bodiam  in  1S24,  and  succeeded  his  brother 
in  1852.  He  is  succeeded  by  his  son,  a  youth  eight 
years  old.  The  first  baronet  received  the  title  in 
1694,  with  remainder  to  the  issue  male  of  his 
father,  in  consequence  of  which  his  brother  suc- 
ceeded him,  and  was  the  ancestor  of  the  late  and 
present  baronet. 

At  his  house  in  St.  John's  -wood,  agred  72, 
Fletcher  Wilson,  esq.,  Danish  Consul-Oeneral 
and  Knight  of  the  Boyal  Danish  Order  of  the 
Dannebrog. 

At  his  residence,  Burley-hlll,  near  Leeds,  aged 
83,  James  Holdforth,  esq.,  J. P. 

In  Spring-gardens,  London,  aged  94,  George, 
eldest  son  of  Lieut.-Gen.  R.  H.  Wynyard,  C.B., 
Commanding  Division,  and  Lieut. -Governor  of 
the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  late  Major  58th  Regt. 

At  Scott's-lodge,  Knockholt,  aged  82,  Eliza- 
beth, eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  John  Villette, 
late  Ordinary  of  Newgate. 

July  14.  At  Clifton,  aged  77,  Col.  Gwynne, 
of  Monachty,  Cardiganshire,  Magistrate  and 
Deputy-Lieutenant  of  that  coimty. 

At  the  house  of  her  brother,  at  Hampstead, 
aged  47,  Elizabeth,  third  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 
Thomas  Sadler,  of  Horsham. 

At  Humshaugh-house,  Northumberland,  aged 
70,  Edward  Gi  eenhow,  esq.,  M.D. 

At  Hounslow,  aged  39,  Hartley  Ridout  Knight, 
esq.,  late  of  the  War-office,  Pall-mall. 

July  15.  At  Portland-lodge,  Southsea,  aged 
85,  Major  Charles  J.  W.  Norman,  late  of  72nd 
Highlanders. 

At  the  Cottage,  Shepperton,  aged  78,  Maria, 
last  surviving  dau.  of  the  late  Williaoi  Russell, 
esq.,  R.A. 

At  Taplow,  aged  22,  Hardinge  Giifard  Follett, 
Lieut.  7th  Royal  Fusiliers,  second  son  of  the 
late  Sir  William  Webb  Follett. 

At  Milton  Abbott,  Devonshire,  aged  90,  Robt 
Alexander,  esq.,  formerly  of  the  Madras  Civil 
Service,  and  a  Member  of  Council  at  that  Pre- 
sidency. 

In  Upper  Phillimore-gardens,  Kensington, 
aged  29,  Mrs.  Henry  T.  Wells,  one  of  the  most 
talented  of  our  female  artists. 

At  Bath,  Mrs.  Miles,  reUct  of  Richard  Miles, 
esq.,  of  Purton-house,  Wilts. 


At  Hadley,  Middlesex,  sged  81,  Miss  Katha- 
rine Couran,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Dr.  Conran, 
of  Berkeley-square. 

July  16.  At  Broome,  Betchworth,  Surrey, 
aged  64,  Anne,  wife  of  Sir  Benjamin  Collins 
Brodie,  bart.  She  was  the  dau.  of  the  late  Mr. 
Serjeant  Sellon,  and  was  long  well  known  for 
her  active  benevolence.  Her  loss  will  be  deeply 
felt  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Betchworth,  where 
her  charities  were  on  a  very  extensive  scale. 

Aged  62,  William  Hooper,  Lieut.  R.N.,  of 
East  Harptree,  Bristol. 

July  17.  At  Appleton-hall,  Cheshire,  Vands, 
wife  of  Thomas  Henry  Lyon,  e.-q.,  and  dau.  of 
Colonel  Wilson  Patten,  M.P. 

At  Uplands,  Guildford,  aged  81,  Georgina 
Mary  Tharp,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Archdall  But- 
temer,  and  only  surviving  child  of  the  Rev.  C. 
Dallas,  formerly  of  Stratton,  Hants,  and  now  of 
Famcombe,  Surrey. 

At  the  Rectory,  John-street,  Bedford-row, 
aged  23,  Frederic  Worthington,  of  the  Bank  of 
England,  third  son  of  the  Rev.  J.  W.  Worthing- 
ton, D.D.,  Rector  of  Trinity,  Gray's-inn-road. 

July  18.  Capt.  Joseph  Greenwood  of  H.M.'s 
8l8t  Regt. 

At  St.  Leonard's-on-Sea,  aged  58,  Caroline 
Jemima,  widow  of  John  Ross  Hutchinson,  e^q., 
H.E.I.C.S.,  formerly  Senior  Judge  of  the  Sudder 
Court,  Calcutta. 

July  19.  At  Middleton  Stoney,  Oxfordahire, 
(in  his  brother's  house,)  aged  33,  James  William 
Dewar,  Major  97th  Regt.,  second  son  of  the  late 
Sir  James  Dewar,  Chief  Justice,  Bombay. 

At  Street-thorpe,  near  Donca«ter.  the  Hon. 
Mary  Margaret,  widow  of  the  Rev.  Orfeur  Wm. 
Kil^dngton,  of  Hatfield,  Yorkshire. 

At  his  residence,  in  Knightsbridge,  aged  78, 
Col.  Thomas  Gloster,  late  6l8t  Regt. 

July  20.  At  Shrewsbury,  aged  76,  Frances, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Sir  John  Cholmondelej 
Edwardes,  bart. 

At  Durham,  Annie  Martha,  wife  of  Col.  John 
Chaytor,  Royal  Engineers. 

At  Down-hall,  Essex,  Mary  Leveson,  the 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Gen.  Leveson  Gower,  of 
BUl-hill,  Berks. 

July  21.  At  the  residence  of  his  son-in-law, 
(J.  Hinde  Palmer,  esq.,)  Glouoester-pl.,  Port- 
man-sq.,  aged  77,  the  Rt.  Hon.  Charles  Tennyson 
d'Eyncourt,  of  Bayons  Manor,  linoolnshire. 

At  Fawley-oourt,  Henley-on-Thames,  aged  41, 
Mary,  wife  of  Edward  Mackenzie,  esq. 

In  WimpoloHit.,  aged  86,  Miss  Louisa  Pinfold 
Tate,  of  Burleigh-hall,  Leicestershire. 


14 


1861.] 


219 


TABLE  OF  MORTAI.ITY  AND  BIRTHS  IN  THE  DISTRICTS  OF  LONDON. 

(IVom  the  Seiurns  issued  by  ike  Uegistrof-QeneraL) 

DEATHS  REGISTERED. 


Death*  in  Dtatricts,  &c».  in  the  Week 

•i;pKBiirr£jn>B3rc 

Area 

Popula- 

ending Saturday, 

IQ 

tion 

1            &ioibt:&a£S' 

Statute 
Acres 

in 
1851. 

1                DISTRICTS. 

June 
22, 

Jnnc 
29, 

July 
6, 

1  Jiily 

1     13, 

July 

20, 

186L 

ISSl. 

186L 

1861. 

1      o 
61^5 

186L 

1             Meftn  Temperature 

629 

604 

59-7 

61-3 

London  •    ,     •    .    * 

!     78029 

2803084 

1077 

1093 

1043  1  1106 

1171 

1-6,  Wert  Diatricts    » 

10786 

463269 

183 

193 

152 

1     190 

192 

7-11-  North  Dwtrict*  . 

13533 

618181 

237 

252 

198 

242 

231 

12-19.  Central  Di^tricta 

1938 

377794 

155 

150 

160 

149 

176 

>  20-25.  Ewt  District*!     . 

6230 

570898  ' 

232 

185 

250 

226 

252 

26^6.  South  DktHct«  . 

45512 

772892 

270 

sii 

283 

299 

820 

Deaths  RegUtered.                    | 

Birth*  Registered. 

Week  ending 

li| 

i1 

f.1 

if 

i! 

111 

^ 

1 

1 

^• 

Saturday, 

H^ 

*i 

g| 

ii 

^ 

I 

H 

f    Jnne     22    . 

546 

143 

168 

168 

4S^ 

1077   1 

682 

867 

1749 

■        „        29    . 

571 

146 

167 

172 

36 

1092   , 

963 

941 

1904 

Joly        6    , 

698 

131 

152 

139 

23 

1043    i 

870 

877 

1747 

n        13     . 

Gia 

146 

ISO 

155 

33 

1106    1 

945  ' 

957 

1902 

„        20    . 

642 

164 

165 

169 

32 

1171 

SOS 

914 

1819 

PRICE  OF  CORN. 

Average  \    WTieat. 

Barley. 

Oats.            Rye. 

Beans. 

Peas. 

OfSU      >     B,      d. 

*,     d. 

#.    d.          #.    d. 

M.    d. 

#.    d. 

WedcA.  J    62    7 

32     5 

25    5          85    5 

43  11 

40    1 

Week  endingl   60    0|304|246|33    0|424|430 

PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  July  18* 

Hay.  XL  16r,  to  6/.  St.  —  Straw,  l^.  lOf.  to  Zl,  5#.  —  aover,  %L  10#.  to  ^l  Bt. 

NEW  METROPOLITAN  CATTLE^MARKET. 

To  sink  the  Offiil— per  stone  of  8iba. 


^•n*.^o, 4f.  A?,  to  5*.    2rf. 

ft....... 4».  6rf.toS#.    Ad, 

VmI 4*.  Orf.  to5*.    Orf, 

Pork ,..,.... 4#.  2d.  to  4*.  lOrf. 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  Jitlt  18. 

Beasts 970 

Sheep  ., , 13,(M0 

Calves... 659 

Pig«.. 170 


Lamb ....5#.    0(i.  to  6s.    2d, 

COAL' MARKET,  July  19. 
Beit  Wtliiciid,  fKsr  tou«  I8#.  6J.  to  I9f.  ^d.    Other  sorts,  I2#.  Sd.  i<>  lit.  Zd. 


220 


METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  by  H.  GOULD,  Ute  W.  GARY,  181,  Stbato. 
From  June  24  to  July  23,  iueUuive. 


THei^oiBBter, 

BftTCrm. 

Thermomtiter. 

BumQ. 

•fets 

11 

d 

1^ 

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Weather, 

11 

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July 

D      1 

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ptB, 

24 

60 

73 

61 

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87 

cloudy,  fnir 

9 

60 

70 

62 

29, 

86 

Imir,  cloudy 

26 

60 

62 

58 

29. 

76 

ilo.  hj.  nu  cly* 
hy.8brij.cLfair 

10 

61 

73 

68 

29. 

89 

rain,  ddy,  fair 

26 

61 

m 

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29. 

61 

11 

61 

70 

57 

29, 

86 

fair 

27 

m 

72 

m 

29, 

71 

fair,  cloudy,   i 

12 

61 

71 

62 

29. 

66 

cloudy 

2« 

65 

72 

m 

29. 

79 

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13 

62 

69 

60 

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52 

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29 

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62 

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30 

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64 

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63 

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11 

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72 

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60 

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67 

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17 

62 

71 

57 

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72 

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r    ^ 

59 

69 

6a 

m 

93 

cloudy,  fkir 

18 

62 

69 

59 

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69 

do.  rain 

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63 

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48 

cl.  cotiftt.  ram 

19 

63 

65 

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67 

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B 

61 

67 

66 

29. 

SI 

do,  ehower* 

20 

64 

73 

61 

t9. 

73 

rn.ddy,hy,ni. 

\    € 

63 

69 

59 

29. 

40 

do.  do.  [thJg. 

21 

63 

70 

60 

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74 

doudy^  ihn. 

f 

61 

70 

60 

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22 

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61 

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23 

63 

72 

58 

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60 

fr.d,algt.Bajr». 

DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS. 


Jane 

and 

July. 

24 
25 
26 
27 
28 
29 
J.l 

2 

8 

4 

5 

6 

8 

9 
10 
11 


8  per 

Cent. 

OonaoU. 


89i  i 

89i  I 

89i  t 

89t  t 

89i  t 

89i  i 

89i  i 

89i  i 

89i  i 

891  i 

89i  I 

89i  I 

891  I 

891  I 
89J  90 
89i  90i 


12 

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13 

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15 

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16 

90       h 

17 

89i  90 

18 

89i  90 

19 

891     i 

20 

89^     J 

22 

89^     i 

23 

89}  90 

8  per 

Cent. 

Reduced. 


88}  91 
88t  i 
88i  J 


88i 
88i 
88f 


88i  i 


88i 
88i 

881  i 

88}  I 

89  i 

881  9 

88}  9 

89jt  } 

89f  } 

89i  i 

891  I 
89f 

891  I 

894  I 

89}  I 

89i  i 

89i  i 

89}  I 

89i  I 


New 
3  per 
Cents. 


88(  9, 

88t 

88i 

88} 

884 

884 

884 

884 

884 

881 

88i  9, 

89   1 

88}  9 

88}  9 

89J 

89} 

89i 

89} 

89} 

89} 
I  894 
!  89} 

89} 

89} 

89} 

894 


Bank 
Stock. 


280 

230  1} 
229 


228  SO 
2304 
228}  9 
230 


8  dis.  2  par. 

dis.  2  pm. 
10  dis.  par. 

10  dis 
10  dis.  par. 
10  dis.  par. 
12.    3di8. 

4.    2  dis. 


230 


228  30 
230 
230  31 
231 
229i 
230  31 

229  31 


!231 


;231 

! 

!229  31 


Ex.  Bills. 
£1,000. 


11.    6  dis. 

5  dis. 
11.    Idis. 


India 
Stock. 


Shut. 


18.14di8. 


I&13di8. 


218 


6.    Idis. 

par. 

5  dis.  1  pm. 

7  pm. 

2dis. 

7  dis.  par. 

4  dis.  2  pm. 

4.    2dia. 

2  dis. 

3  dis.  par. 

3  dis. 
10.    3di8. 
5  dis.  par. 


218 


218  20 
220  21 
218} 


2184  20 
219 
221 
219 


IndU 
Bonds. 
£1,000. 


India 
5per  cents. 


20  dis. 


12  dis, 
14. 10  dis. 


lOdia. 


12.  9^^ 
12.  7  dis. 


98} 
981 
98} 
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98} 
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98} 
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99} 
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99} 
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ALFRED  WHITMORE, 

Stock  and  Share  Broker, 

19,  Change  Alley,  London,  E.C. 


ratxTBB  BT  xssaaa.  lowt  KJOiaT  axo  jams*  rAUUUt. 


THE 

GENTLEMAN'S    MAGAZINE 

AND 

HISTORICAL    REVIEW. 

SEPTEMBER,  1861. 


CONTENTS. 

PAGX 

MINOK  CORRESPONDENCE.— Sale  of  Archbiahop  TcnUon'a  Llbrarj.— "  Toyi."  222 

Mosaics 228 

The  Life  of  the  Sieur  de  Joinville 237 

Early  Poems  of  Bishop  Shuttleworth 246 

Note  on  Bronze  Marmites,  oflen  met  with  in  Arch»ological  Collections 254 

Becent  Excavations  at  Cyrene  256 

ORIGINAL  DOCUMENTS.— WUls  and  Inrentoriea,  Cork,  temp.  EUzabcth   267 

ANTIQUARIAN  AND  LITERARY  INTELLIGENCER.— Congrew  of  the  Arehfleological 
Institute  at  Peterborough,  263 ;  Kent  Archeological  Society,  281 ;  London  and  Middle- 
sex and  Surrey  ArehcDological  Societies,  S92 ;  Leicestershire  Architectural  and  Archs- 
ological  Society,  294 ;  Society  of  Antiquaries,  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  298 ;  Worcester- 
shire Architectural  Society,  301 ;  Excavations  at  Pompeii  808 

CORRESPONDENCE  OF  SYLVANUS  URBAN.  — Dr.  Samuel  Parr  and  the  late  Bishop 
Maltby,  304 ;  Quern  Mary's  Bower,  305 ;  Rotten  Row,  Calbegc,  &c.,  306 ;  Jeu  d'Esprit 
of  Sir  Walter  Scott 307 

THE  NOTE-BOOK  OF  SYLVANUS  URBAN  308 

HISTORICAL  AND  MISCELLANEOUS  REVIEWS.  —  Paget's  New  "Examen,"  810; 
Strickland's  Lires  of  the  Bachelor  Kings  of  England  —  Brown's  Peter  tbe  Apostle 
never  at  Rome,  311 ,  The  Ferns  of  Derbyshire 3X2 

APPOINTMENTS,  PREFERMENTS,  AND  PROMOTIONS   313 

BIRTHS   814 

MARRIAGES 316 

OBITUARY.— The  Duke  of  Buckingham  and  Chandos,  K.G.,  321 ;  The  Earl  of  Traquair— 
Anne,  Dowager  Countess  of  Newburgb,  323 ;  The  Bishop  of  Durham,  324 ;  Lord  Her- 
bert of  Lea,  325 ;  Admiral  Sir  Barrington  Reynolds,  K.C.B.,  827 ;  The  Right  Hon. 
Cbarles  Tennyson  D'Eyncourt,  F.R.S.,  F.S.A.,  328;  Father  Ventura,  330;  Madame 
Catherine  Uayes-Bushnell 33I 

CLERGY  DECEASED    332 

DEATHS  ARRANGED  IN  CHRONOLOGICAL  ORDER    332 

Registrar-General's  Return  of  Mortality  and  Births  in  the  Metropolis  —  Markets,  239; 

Meteorological  Diary— Daily  Price  of  Stocks 340 


Bt  SYLVANUS  FEBAN,  Gkht. 


Ms.  T:iftiK, — Zmh  jok.  ibE  -ftr  ^nliGc    anA  vaihBF  ^mE  SHceiPvt  u  mimiBF^  cud- 
p?    !!lr  7i9»  MPT  ^fiMt  Skm 

L  viuii^  amc  3wdi  o^ 

'flJMJUiiMtmmim  :ip  «C  i«p3bi«  if  mauimr  "^ 

^I^llg^  *="»-*    It  s  «■£  lirid:  3L  DnDsci  snc 


'TT*  Knvr  n  -av   iibhii  avri^     »  1   B  m  «»  <»>«k«h-w »»«  ^^  a«^  joifi 


«i&BBi£  «dbB  "Am  man.  ir  ^  ^lAuuui  ^  j  j^  ^^^  ^p^  ^gg^  n^  moat  ak  jik  i» 

<fim^  »&«  »  mm  !feB3iii£  a  "-amfifltf-  dhp  r  Lw  iMnnr  aninr  =  Vm  ¥  :&»  »  amt 

IRS  an  «i  ^fic<cHi-  tec  !&r  «bB^&»ife  ^r  any  rfwiBrBB«ttv«5ijfrr  aiimb  td^ 
Urn"  <i£  'WWUBBPf-    Wif-  ifiaill  %c  ifdii^  a&  J^o»infL 


die  pnoHffiqf^  if  tte  oniaK*  df  sb» 


THE 


d^ntlijmiMi's   |flirjgH£tiu 


AlTD 


EISTORICAL    REVIEW, 


MOSAICS*. 

The  art  which  is  now  generally  known  by  the  name  of  Mosaic?,  and 
which  consists  in  forming  pictures  of  small  cubes  in  stone,  or  mnrble,  or 
tile,  or  earthenware,  or  glass*  of  different  colours  ^,  has  been  called  by  various 
names,  perhaps  the  most  common  of  whkh  is  Tessellated  Pavements;  and 
this  nftroe  is  now,  for  the  sake  of  distinction,  confined  to  that  coarser  kind 
which  was  used  for  pavement  only ;  and  this  distinction  is  convenient  ia 
practicep  but  it  is  not  borne  owt  by  ancient  writers,  and  it  is  in  fact  now 
almost  impossible  to  explain  or  apply  the  different  names  which  were  pro- 
bably applied  to  different  varieties  of  the  art ;  as,  *  Opus  mtisivum,*  ^  musai- 
cura,'  *  mosaicom,*  '  mosibura/  *  museum  ;*  *  opus  tesseUatum,*  *  vermicu- 
latum/  *reliculatum,*  *albanum  et  sectile/ 

The  mosaic  art  is  one  of  the  earliest  known,  and  belongs  quite  to  the 
infancy  of  civilization.  The  Chinese  posseBs  it  with  their  other  stationary 
arts  from  lime  immemorial ;  rt  was  found  among  the  primitive  inhabitants 
of  America,  and  in  a  more  or  less  rude  form  among  the  earliest  remains  of 
nearly  all  nations.  Some  authorsn  think  it  was  invented  by  the  Persians^ 
and  ground  ihiw  on  a  passage  in  the  Bible  describing  the  palace  of  King 
Ahasut-rus: — **  Where  were  white,  blue,  and  green  hangings,  fastened  with 
cords  of  fine  linen  and  purple  to  silver  rings  and  pillars  of  marble :  the 
beds  were  of  gold  and  silver,  upon  a  pavement  of  red*  and  blue,  and  white, 
and  black  marble  *.**  After  them  the  Assyrians  are  supposed  to  have  taught 
this  art  to  the  Egyptians  and  the  Greeks,  from  whom  it  passed  to  the 


•  "Lrt   Carrelagea  EmailU^     Par  M.Emlle  Am^."     (4to„  Paria,  1859.)     We  are 

to  this  work  for  stfvenil  woodcuta^  &nd  au  excellent  summary  of  the  subject 

I U  well  at  of  tile  pavements,  (sec  Gent.  Mao.,  Fub.  1861,  p.  119).    We  have 

'aUo  to  esprcM  our  obbgntioua  to  M.  Do  Caumont  fur  tUo  use  of  sevend  woodcutu  from 

tbe  Buthtiii  Monumental,  vol.  xxv.,  aud  to  the  Abbe  Crosnier  for  much  vnluablo  iiifor' 

mat  ion  containe<l  in  his  e^fiay  on  K^vcnna  in  the  same  volume* 

^  RespifGting  the  matcriiib  of  wlikh  mosaieji  and  t«»solinted  pnveraenta  were  miicle 
I  an  t^oellent  paper,  by  Professor  Buckmati,  in  tlie  Archajolof^ical  Jouraid,  vol.  rii. 
,  347-    Clampim  aUo  has  a  chapter  cm  ib«t  «ubj«sct;  wee  Vvttra  Moaumenta,  cap.  iL 
.  84.    (Folio,  KodUD,  1696.)  *  Either  i.  e. 


224 


Mn»aict. 


[Sept. 


Ronian»»  who  unqacf tion;ibly  u?ed  it  with  the  grefttest  profu^^ion.  and  etif^ 
ried  it  with  them  Into  all  their  provinces,  including  Gaul  and  Britain,  aa  i« 
abundantly  proved  by  the  innumerable  examples  which  are  found  on  the 
site  of  every  Roman  station  or  villa.  The  patterns  of  these  have  bc€n 
published  in  so  many  works,  that  we  should  need  a  catalog-oe  of  several 
pages  to  enumerate  them.  Still  we  arc  nut  aware  thai  any  concise  outline 
of  the  subject  of  mosaics  is  accessible  to  tlie  ordinary  English  reader,  and 
this  want  we  shall  endeavour  to  supply,  more  especially  as  regards  wall 
pictures^. 

At  the  fall  of  the  Roman  empire,  this  art,  with  all  others,  was  in  danger 
of  being  lost ;  but  as  the  Chrii^tian  Church  rose  in  power,  and  importance, 
and  Wffalth,  this- valuable  art  was  revived  with  others,  and  for  a  consider- 
ahle  period  was  devoted  chiefly  to  the  decoration  of  churches.  The  Greek 
Church  patronized  it  equally  with  the  Koman  ;  and  during  the  persecution 
of  the  iconoclasts  at  Byzanlium,  the  artists  took  refuge  in  Italy,  where 
they  were  aUowed  to  practise  their  art  freely ;  but  they  had  formed  a  dis» 


V^ 


•(  n\\u\ 


4.L- 


tinct  school  of  their  own,  and  the  Greek  mosaics  in  Rome  of  the  eleventh 
and  twelfth  centuries  are  readily  distinguished  from  those  of  the  Romans 
themselves,  by  the  peculiar  stiffness  of  the  drawing,  the  costume,  and 
a  certain  solemn  efifect,  and  frequently  by  Greek  letters,  or  the  names  of 
the  artists. 

But  the  Christians  both  of  the  East  and  the  West  had  practised  this  art 
even  before  the  time  of  Constantine.  A  remarkable  example  of  this  early 
period  has  been  found  in  the  small  church  of  D'Jemilah,  in  Algeria,  by  tlie 

*  Some  fine  monaic  p1cturi«i»  found  in  tlit?  crypt«  anil  sepnlcbrei  of  ancient  Rorae, 
Br«  enirrAVfd  by  Bartholin  (Folio,  Rome,  1738.)  Some  fine  Roman  inosntc  psvemenU 
found  in  Engbind  are  engrmved  in  the  VrntM^t^  M&mumefUOf  pubhsbed  bj  the  Sodrtj 
of  Anttqa  triei. 


iflfa 


smAH 


I86L] 


Mi 


OBUtCS, 


225 


French  scientific  commissioHi  and  an  elaborate  work  upon  it  published  at 
the  expense  of  the  French  government*  We  are  here  able  to  give  the 
ground- plan  of  it  only. 

The  next  examples  of  which  the  datea  are  known  are  those  of  the  tirae  of 
Constantine.  Of  these,  by  far  the  moat  remarkable  are  contained  in  the 
circular  church  of  St.  Constantia,  which  is  now  generally  believed  to  have 
been  built  by  Const  an  tine  as  the  sepulchral  chapel  of  his  daughter,  or  the 
baptistery  to  the  church  of  St.  Agnes.  This  is  supposed  by  Ciampini  and 
other  old  authors  to  have  been  originally  a  Temple  of  Bacchus,  purified  and 
consecrated  by  order  of  Constantine;  but  the  general  opinion  of  well- 
infortned  persons  now  is  that  it  was  built  by  him,  although  the  materials  of 
an  antique  temple  were  made  use  of,  according  to  the  fashion  of  his  time. 
The  vaults  are  covered  with  a  series  of  very  fine  mosaics,  in  remarkably 
good  preservation,  representing  the  culture  of  the  vine  in  every  stage, 
from  the  ploughing  of  the  ground  with  oxen  to  the  treading  out  the  grapes 
and  making  the  juice  into  wine.  This  is  believed  to  be  only  an  elaborate 
instance  of  the  practice  of  the  early  and  medieval  Church  of  representing 
by  pictures  a  text  of  Scripture, — *'  I  am  the  vine  j"  just  as  at  a  later  period 
•*  I  am  the  door'*  was  made  a  reason  for  ornamenting  the  doorway  more 
richly  than  any  other  part  of  the  church.  The  chapel  of  St.  Constantia  has 
a  dome  in  the  centre,  with  an  aisle  round  it  covered  by  a  semicircular 
vault.  In  the  centre  of  the  dome  is  the  head  of  St.  Constantia^  encircled 
by  a  branch  of  the  \ine,  which  trails  over  the  whole  vault,  and  has  a  num» 
ber  of  birds,  and  small  figures  of  cupids^  (or  angels  ?) ;  in  the  lower  part 
of  the  central  vault  are  two  oxen  drawing  a  cart-load  of  grapes,  aud  in 
another  compartment  three  men  under  a  shed  treading  out  the  grapes : 
each  of  these  groups  is  twice  repeated.  Over  one  of  the  doorways  is 
Christ  giving  His  blessing  to  two  of  the  apostles  ^,  with  four  lambs  at  His 
feet,  and  the  inscription^  '*  Dominus  pacem  dat/'  on  a  scroll  which  He  gives 
to  one  of  the  apostles  ;  two  streams  of  water  flow  from  the  feet  of  Christ, 
supposed  to  represent  the  rivers  of  Paradise :  Christ  alone  has  the  nimbus ; 
the  apostles  wear  their  hair  after  tlie  fashion  of  the  period,  their  heads  are 
not  shaved.  On  another  tympanum  Christ  is  seated  on  the  globe^  with  a 
book  in  His  le^  hand,  and  giving  His  right  hand  to  an  apostle  under  a  part 
of  His  cloak. 

Ciampini  has  preserved  by  his  engravings  a  record  of  several  other  mosaics 
formerly  existing  in  Rome,  of  the  time  of  Constantine,  now  destroyed,  or 
preserved  in  rausettms  only  j  the  most  important  of  them  is  the  one  for* 
merly  in  the  apse,  or  tribune,  of  the  old  church  in  the  Vatican. 

Or  THi  FouBTH  CrurxtTBT  we  have  also  a  mosaic  of  a.d.  378,  in  the  church 
of  St.  Agatha  at  Ravenna,  in  the  tribune,  with  a  pointed  arch  over  it.  This 
represents  Christ  seated  on  the  throne  of  glory,  raised  on  two  steps,  and 


•  Supposed  to  be  St,  Thomas  and  SU  Philip— John  xiv.  27. 
OWTT,  Mao«  \ou  CCXL  K  e 


226 


tO$QlCa. 


mriched  with  g^mf ;  the  head  And  hair  sre  of  the  form  and  Hbt  fbce 
ba»  the  caloi  dignified  expression,  which  became  conventional ;  on  etihcr 
nde  it  an  ajigel  holiyng  a  stB^T,  and  standing  on  a  rock  with  flowers  apfiog^ 
ing  otit  of  it. 

Of  THB  Firra  CENTuaT  we  ha^e  St.  Sabina  f?),  St.  Maria  Maj)Or,  and 
the  oratory  of  St.  John  the 
Evangelist    at    Bome,    and 
the    baptistery   of  8t,  John 
Baptist  at  HtivenDa. 

The  chttfch  of  St-  Sabina 
was  founded  by  Pope  Cseles- 
tinus  I,,  A.D.  424,  restored 
(or  rebuilt  ?)  by  Pope  Leo, 
k,D.  795,  and  adorned  with 
pictures  by  Pope  Eugenius 
II.,  A.D.  824.  The  mosaics 
In  this  church  are  very 
singular,  nuHke  any  other  in 
Rome,  and  not  in  the  style 
of  the  fifth  century,  eicept- 
ing  perhaps  the  remarkable 
ornaments  above  the  capitals 
in  the  spandrels  of  the  arches 
of  the  nave,  consisting  of  a 
cross  and  a  circle  in  dark 
marble  let  into  a  light 
ground  ;  a  somewhat  similar 
ornament  occurs  in  the  Bap- 
tistery at   Ravenna,  also   attributed  to   the   fifth   century,  and   the   one 


•  «*m.i 


acems  to  confirm  the  other.  But  if  these  arehea  with  their  ornament 
belong  to  the  original  structure,  it  is  quite  clear  that  the  west  end  does  not ; 
there  is  an  evident  junction  in  the  work  on  both  sides  in  the  western  bayi 
which  would  necessarily  he  rebuilt  along  with  the  west  wall,  and  the  oma* 
ntnt  on  these  two  arches  is  painted  in  imitalion  of  the  old  mosaics.  It 
foUowa  from  this,  when  compared  with  the  bii^tory.  that  the  west  end 
belongs  to  the  repairs  of  Pope  Leo  in  795,  and  these  mosaics  are  part  of 
tbe  psdsres  of  Eugenius  U.  in  824,  This  agrees  much  better  than  the 
•arlier  dale  with  the  style  of  the  mosaics  and  the  subjects,  which  are  oo 


J86L] 


Mosaics, 


227 


either  aide  the  Jewish  wxd  Cbmtian  Church,  with  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul, 
aod  over  the  west  windows  the  emblems  of  the  £vangeli&t&;  under  these 
wbdows  is  the  celebrated  inscription  in  ver}^  large  Roman  capitals. 

CVUfSN  Af  06TOI10TM  OVM  0A£J3STI}nr8  HABBEST 
PBIMT8  ET  IN  TOTO  PFLGEEBX  EPISCOPVS  OMBB 
ttAEC  QTiJ:  lUBABia  FTXDATIT  PKEflBTTEB  VBBIS 
tLLYRICA  DE  OENTE  PETBYS  TIB  NOMnTE  TAXTO 
DieVTB  AB  BXOBTV  OHBBTI  mrTBlTVa  tH  ATLA 
FAVPICBIDT8  LOOTFLBS  SIBI  PAVPBB  QVl  BONA  VITAB 
PBAZSElfTia  FVQlJUre  MZBTIT  SFSUAEJ!  FVTrBAH. 

The  wording  of  the  inscriptioQ,  recording  that  the  church  was  founded  in 
ic  time  of  CaelesUnus,  seems  to  relate  it  as  a  past  event  rather  than  to  re- 
ird  it  at  the  time ;  it  is  not  probable  that  the  pope  would  have  allowed  so 

some  a  compliment  to  be  paid  to  him  in  his  lifetime,  nor  was  it  the  cus- 
tom of  tlie  iifth  century  to  put  up  long  and  conspicuous  inscriptions  in 
mosaics.  The  series  of  fifteen  heads  in  medallions,  round  the  arch  of  the 
tribune,  as  given  by  Ciampini  ^,  and  called  the  Csesars^  are  evidently  Christ 
And  the  apostles,  with  two  popes  at  the  bottom,  for  the  donors.  These  cor- 
respond ejiactly  in  design  with  the  arch  of  St.  Praxedis,  a.d.  BIB^  and  in 
the  aarae  church  the  emblems  of  the  Evangelist  are  represented  in  the  same 
manner  close  to  the  roof,  above  all  the  other  pictures. 

Of  the  fifth  century  also  we  have  the  church  of  St.  Maria  Major  at  Rome, 
founded  by  Pope  Liberiua  in  the  fourth  century,  but  rebuilt  and  decorated 
with  mosaics  by  Pope  Sixtus  III.,  432—440,  A  considerable  part  of  these 
still  exist  in  fair  preservation,  comprising  two  ranges  of  pictures  over  the 
columns  of  the  nave,  with  subjects  from  the  Old  Testament ;  and  the  arch 
over  the  tribune,  called  the  arch  of  triumph,  with  subjects  from  the  New 
Testament,  in  five  rows ;  in  the  lowest  are  lambs,  over  these  the  two  holy 
cities^  Jerusalem  and  Bethlehem.  In  the  centre,  over  the  arch,  is  a  round 
medallion,  supported  by  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul,  and  the  emblems  of  the 
four  Evangelists ;  on  the  north  side  in  this  upper  row  is  the  "  Annuncia- 
tion/* and  on  the  south  the ''  Presentation  in  the  Temple.*'  On  the  medallion 

represented  the  throne  of  God  richly  ornamented  with  jewels ;  at  the 
is  a  cross  and  a  circle  or  crown,  and  on  the  seat  the  book  with  the 
ieven  seals;  at  the  end  of  the  arms  of  the  chair,  or  throne,  are  small 
medalUons,  with  busts  of  St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul  Under  the  throne  is  the 
inscription  '*  Xistus  Episcopus  plebi  Dei*"  In  the  second  range  is  the 
Adoration  of  tlie  Magi,  and  the  Child  Jesus  in  the  midst  of  the  Doc- 
tors. The  tiiird  range  is  occupied  entirely  by  the  Massacre  of  the  Inno- 
cents ^»  merely  divided  by  the  arch.  The  subjects  from  the  Old  Testament 
are  arranged  in  thirty  pictures,  most  of  which  are  double,  that  is,  consisting 
of  two  groups  of  figures,  one  over  the  other ;  they  extend  the  whole  length 

'  Vet.  Mon,,  torn,  i,  pL  47.  t  Ibid.,  torn.  ii.  pi.  46  and  48. 

^  It !»  worth  notice  that  tbe  angels  and  King;  Herod  have  the  nimbus,  as  if  it  was 
UwB  eomidarsd  a  mark  of  digitity  or  rank. 


^^-r 


238  Mosaics.  [Sept 

of  tbe  n&ve,  £f:eer.  on  each  side :  a  few  are  destrored.  and  odim  have  been 
repa-red.  oujers  renewed,  bat  ir.  mosaic  work  repairs  can  alwrnys  be  seeab? 
the  ci:ferer«  of  co'.oiir  ^r  of  tie  work.  r.:'never  tkiifullv  ther  may  be  done. 
Six  .-^r  the  piciures  have  been  renewed  cr  Tt'p.2ic^i  by  othen  in  the  sixteenth 
cer.:v.ry.  ar.d  fix  others  appear  :o  hare  bee::  Ccstrcved  br  the  opeoii^  of 
arc  v.  I  s :  c  >i .:  c  ch  a-x  Is.  Tne  n: :  siic*  cf  the  ch  ;j"cL  of  St.  PanL  ootcide  tbc  walk 
c:  R.  :r  e.  of  the  r.fih  of  :.t.:r>-.  we:^?  cesa-cyei  by  -ihe  great  fire  in  1S23.  and  aic 
c.^^  :":ierr.  work,  h;::  are  bel.eved  t:-  b*  f*::i:il  c:>p:es  of  the  old  pictnrei. 

T:.-:  lUp::s:en-  c:  S:.  J^nr.  s:  Rivenz.i  is  s^i  t:>  hare  been  rebuilt  and 
Sid.^::.o.:  with  r.::fi:.-^  ry  B:sh:p  Xeo  in  A-r.  451.  It  is  an  octagonal 
K. .;..  ^.  with  .*i  ::rc-*ir  djme  or  mprli.  ±e  cei'T.g  of  which  ia  ooTcnd 
i^.th  the  tr.r*'.^:.''  p.^ture*.  reprrsei-t.r.^  '±x  B&piisa  of  Christ  in  the  centre, 
ar.d  tic-rts  -f  ;hc  iwe'.ve  .\p:*:l:*  r:.:-i  :: :  crer  il.  arch  are  some  inscrip- 
tio"*.  w.t.-.  the  n:."^n:irr.\rr-  ::  B:^h:pMAi  Tr.hn,  £fx-^vs  .ViajuiaaMBt.)  who 
live.:  .^Ku:  the  r.::id'j'  .:*  the  s.xth  oei:r::rT.  ^zi  przbahly  either  repuiedor 
cv:rr't:cd  the  ::::\5si:;«. 

T:  e  O.itrry  cf  St.  J.h-  thf  Evsnz^I:*:  :::  the  BaptisterT  of  St.  John 
Lfctcr;.:-.  ..t  3\,:v-e  h;.*  the  ri«".:  :r::i=:f r.tei  with  soslics  by  Pope  Hihrr, 
jL.i>  -tC'. — 4*T.  It  :*  :^  sc-\rt  1:l.1L-^  w::h  a  £TC«izei  vailt,  and  the 
c'.^^ji „■*>  .^:  e\i»:ute.-  c::  ii  c.'d  rr:--£  :  iz.  thi  Orr.tre  is  the  Lamb  with  a 
r.:v.V.:<>.  yh^.e,.  •.;.  a  :\t:'.-:  ::  f.:-wer*  "«-.ii^  i  «.;«ijTff  brvrier:  the  groins  of 
thi'  r.-.u".t  ire  jr  .v.v.:r.to.:  ^::i  £■:.:.£.-£*  ::  i:-^er$^  iz-d  borders  arranged  in 
p.^:te:r#  ct  <s:.:.\re  .'Lid  d:.^^.'-d  rVm*,  ir.d  »-i:l—  :h=a*e  squares  are  birds 
^d.vc*  .-.:■'.  pe::c-.vk*  :::  :ri.-:"re*  ::"  ::".:i.rf.  hi^i  TzriLrLS  lowarda  a  Taie 
filed  n  :..  :...:.  Or.  the  '-•ills,  tre  f  j--e«  z£  th;  :o:j-  EranreHsCs,  eaJi 
».t:.  h:*  e.v.h'.::::  ;\eT  :..*  h:id.  this-e  ir*  the  sits*  as  rcw  csec :  though 
:h.f  <  :  ::  ....>.^v<  :"..e  .-^j-f.:.  the  SsLzie  ez:":!:-?  ir;  scoecizLc*  assigned  to 
d.r;  e:-.:  f.;.  ci'.j-ts  I:,  tie  z:  :*£.:*  ire  :i.f;r.;t::4L$  lecurilug  that  thej 
ijv  t.  e  ::  ::  ,*.:'  'f  v:  :".  '•.:-. 

Tie  .\s; :-..:;,.  :  ..:.h  .  '  St  Ardrew  t:  ?.;— c  srZ  has  ,or  had  in  the 
t  :  . :  v"  ...V.  ::;  .-.  r>.^  .-^  r.  the  t :.:.:-?  erecte^d  ry  Pcpc  &2:pacitti  in 
-..        :...:.  ..:.d       *.;  t::  :eT.tr£  ;*  t«e  fr-r*  cc' Chj:!*:  scaading  on 

i.  ..  : .    :  ^-  ,  .-  ".-.  <  ":  .<.*  r.-.  ,-,r  ri  .  :*:  ttteit-.L  ry  "rLs  zpidfied  band,  with 
s.  >;• :  *:'.>:  •.;..■.  ;■-..;  ::   r  ftrrLTj*  r..-T  .r^  frjiH  Hj*  fe«  ;  oa  cither  side 

.'."•,  :         ;.■•.•.<:;*  ;..;:.  ■  .: r  *  <.:r.- ..   L:-;*r.Lzd.  ^zder^eAth  as  an  imcrip* 
•^.^   -     c   ■*  i  ;v:  ::   r*  S  .v  . . :: -^     Oz-e  :c  the  icc«^ie«  has  a  bold 
-   *  :. .   t. ;  j.-re.  t-.e  :.t^::  ::  jr  ZskJ-i  i^ts  hkii  is  a  aatoral 


>.\:/. 


-  s*  j.T :.  V-:.r::LL-*:5  Lt  Scoe.  b=£It  bTP<^ 

«.-:  r.  .    r~  ^r.-  7  r  tr-d  r^e  vasli  of  the  apse 

■*;■  -'.^         * : :  t.:«e  ir^r  :*  lie  xepresentatioa 

&  la.-:  :i  .iiih.'*ec  OL  a  ^ewvSied  throne. 


1861.] 


Mosaics. 


229 


with  a  plain  cross  above,  and  an  open  book  on  tbe  step ;  on  either  side  two 
angels  with  the  nimbus,  Btanding  on  the  clouds;  at  one  end  ts  the  emblem 
d  St.  Matthew*  at  the  other  that  of  St.  John,  the  other  two  emblems  and 
the  twenty-four  elders  have  been  destroyed.  On  the  vault  of  the  apse,  or 
tribune,  b  a  group  of  large  figures  i  m  the  centre  is  Christ  standing  on  the 
clouds,  with  a  scroll  in  His  left  hand,  the  right  hand  elevated,  as  in  the  act 
of  speaking ;  on  His  right  hand  is  St.  Peter  introducing  St.  Cosmas,  who 
hia  crown  of  martyrdom  In  his  hand,  and  beyond  is  Pope  Felix  with 
odel  of  the  church  in  his  hand,  as  the  founder ;  to  the  left  of  Christ 
IS  St.  Paul  introducing  St,  Damianus,  also  with  his  crown,  and  beyond  him 
St,  Theodore,  also  with  bis  crown  ;  between  these  figures  are  thirteen  sheep, 
the  central  one  raised  and  with  the  nimbus ;  at  either  end  Bethlehem  and 
Jerusalem. 

A..D,  545.  The  church  of  St.  Michael  the  Archangel,  at  Havenna,  was 
built  in  545,  as  recorded  in  an  ancient  inscription.  The  tribune  with  the 
mosaics  is  preserved ;  on  the  vault  are  the  figures  of  Christ,  erect,  with  the 
cruciform  nimbus,  holding  a  tall  Latin  cross  jewelled;  on  either  side 
St.  Michael  and  St,  Gabriel,  and  outside  of  the  arch  St.  Coamas  and  St»  Da- 
mianus  :  all  these  have  their  names  over  their  heads.  The  mouldings  of  the 
arch  are  enriched  with  patterns  in  mosaic,  and  over  it  is  another  figure  of 
Christ,  and  on  each  side  groups  of  angels  blowing  trumpets. 

A  p.  547,  The  justly  celebrated  church  of  St.  Vitalis  at  Ravenna  is  richly 
decorated  with  mosaics  of  the  time  of  Justinian.  The  whole  of  the  walls, 
epse,  and  vault  of  the  choir  are  ornamented  in  this  manner,  and  the 
mosaics  are  in  fine  preservation.  On  the  vault  of  the  tribune  is  the  figure 
of  Christ  seated  on  the  globe,  with  an  archangel  on  either  side,  intro- 
ducing, the  one  St.  Vitalis,  to  whom  Christ  is  presenting  a  crown  richly 
ornamented  with  jewels,  the  other  Eclesius^  bishop  of  Ravenna,  who  died 
in  541  \  he  carries  in  his  hand  a  model  of  the  church  with  its  dome,  a  proof 
that  he  was  the  founder  of  it;  this  figure  is  the  only  one  without  the 
nimbus.  On  the  vault,  which  is  groined,  is  the  Lamb  surrounded  by  stars 
on  a  round  medallion  in  the  centre,  with  four  cherubim  at  the  top  of  the 
walls  of  the  vault,  the  surface  of  which  is  covered  with  a  flowing  pattern  of 
Ibltftg^  very  similar  to  that  afterwards  used  in  the  thirteenth  century :  round 
the  edge  of  the  arch  in  front  of  thin  vault  are  fifteen  heads  on  round  medaU 
lions, — Christ  and  the  twelve  aposlle.s,  and  the  two  lowest  heads  have  the 
names  of  Gervasius  and  Protasius ;  the  last  two  were  saints  of  the  fourth 
century,  whose  bodies  are  said  to  have  worked  miracles ;  no  distinction  ia 
made  between  them  and  the  apostles,  excepting  that  they  hold  the  lowest 
place.  This  apse  is  lighted  by  three  windows,  and  on  the  jambs  of  the  two 
aide  windows  are  the  Evangelists,  each  with  his  symbol ;  under  each  of 
these  windows  is  an  altar  in  an  arched  recess  or  tribune,  and  on  the 
northern  and  southern  ones  are  the  mosaics,  of  which  we  here  give  rude 


.^BL 


L^^^^^_ 


rvi 


JSunuaL 


T^u:  'r.jlf*-^.r.:f  K  lit',  w."'  ii   '.if.  )Hini:.nir«  xczwuniz  :l  -aer  lumbers  — 

t*.  Ji.iKUi'.'W  v.t:i  Xif.  i.i^rti      u    r-int   ,t  urn   b  i  -rnintf-iesk.  iQii  jc 
lift  >'.*:•  i  jw.ic*:?.   ir  r.ili!  ix  i^ir-^.Mmis.ir — rae  luctj  h  aac  lay 

i  X  ifartt.  VI th  'ihfc  -iiiH  m  i  '^inx.  *iJio  vrra  i  vrnii^-ie^k  :ii  rnnt  of 
iim.  ui  inf?n  mr«K  n  iiit  e?t  izinci.  ma  ~he  .'r^ric  aanii  -^evausti  ui 
"All  itrciiiwin 

1     Vfiifcf.?:  "ttit.ntf  iff  UK  tfinw.  It.  "iiR  'T'immanii  it  '.-oii. 

I.   Ml. ».*•::  ':iic;inr  mar'ift  A    Iw:  '.ntt*ip  if  f"*ttari  ■  "'  .  jr  'ft.  ?iter  fieedins  tie 

•Jurftji    if  Mirfct     • 

.«  Tlift  ;)rripiu!r  fHAiHii  vith  'm  :xpn^ftuin  if  -iauneH*).  ^taniiin^  by  a  wail  at 
•  111!  -.ml  «f  viiu'.n  y.  i  piilar  -vith  i  ^.rown  jn  ^tie  tup  ji  it,  m  oiliUBua 
\u  Itta.  :£^7iii.  i  — *  V  If:  'ij  ^ne  irown  jf  pniie. " 

riiili?r  tlip  arr.h  ;irrr — >l.  Ai)iti,  iiis  irmH  rai&ed  in  the  •Jrieniiii  attitude  of 
\iniy*-r  ,  ,%in\  7  WfU-.tiiM'tivr.  •itfcnni''  jr'^ad  -md  wine  upon  -iie  liilar. 
K.u:h  'it  'iif^K  rw.i  fiif'imn  ;«  -ttamiinir  ;n  rnint  uf  i  wjjoden  uut. 

'Jv«r  till!  ,ur.h  iuft  !wo  iini(f-lH  '•AiTyinir  =1  jewelled  cnji»»  jn  i  nmnd  istneld, 
WitU  Lhf!  A  .1111 1  a. 


1S61.] 


Monuet. 


281 


UonlcB  over  an  a)tar  on  th«  south  lide  of  the  apte  of  St.  Vicalia,  RaTenna.  ▲  d.  bit. 

The  following  is  the  key  to  the  paintings  on  the  south  side : — 

1.  St.  John  with  the  eagle. 

2.  St.  Luke  with  the  ox. 

5.  Jeremiah,  with  the  crown  of  Jerusalem  on  a  pillar  as  before,  alluding 

to  Jer.  ziii.  18. 

4  and  5  are  supposed  to  be  Moses  in  the  mount  with  the  people  looking 
up  in  wonder,  but  the  interpretation  of  this  picture  is  allowed  to  be 
doubtful. 

6.  Abraham  serving  the  three  young  men  seated  at  table,  with  Sarah  in 

the  door  of  the  tent. 

7.  Abraham  offering  up  Isaac,  with  the  arm  of  the  angel  coming  out  of 

heaven  to  stay  his  hand ;  the  ram  at  his  feet. 

Over  the  arch  two  angels  carrying  a  jewelled  cross,  as  before. 


282 


Mosaics. 


[Sept. 


On  tbe  walls  on  each  side  of  the  choir  are  two  processions  of  figures  u 
large  as  life,  attired  in  rich  dresses,  the  colours  of  which  are  all  perfect, 
forming  a  valoable  study  for  the  history  of  costume.  In  the  centre  of  one 
group  is  the  Emperor  Justinian,  with  the  nimbus,  and  a  crown  on  his  head 


Moeaio  on  the  north  dde  of  the  Chancel  of  St  Vltalia.  Bavenna,  am.  047. 


formed  of  a  circlet  of  precious  stones,  and  a  bowl  in  his  hand  containing 
an  offering ;  in  front  of  whom  walks  Maximianus»  bishop  of  Ravenna  in 
547,  who  consecrated  the  church ;  he  is  attired  in  an  alb  and  cope,  and 
carries  a  jewelled  cross ;  a  priest  in  an  alb  or  surplice,  carrying  the  book 
of  the  Gospels ;  and  a  deacon,  also  in  an  alb,  carrying  a  thurible ;  both 
these  have  the  tonsure ;  the  bishop  is  bald.  Behind  the  emperor  are  nobles, 
and  guards  with  spears,  and  a  large  shield  with  the  monogram ;  each  of 
the  guards  has  a  torque  on  his  neck. 

The  chief  figure  of  the  opposite  group  is  the  Empress  Theodora,  attired 


MoMio  on  the  south  side  of  the  Chancel  of  St  Vitalie,  BaTenna.  a.s.  M7. 

in  a  very  rich  robe,  with  the  nimbus,  and  a  jewelled  crown  on  her  head ; 
she  is  attended  by  her  ladies,  also  richly  attired.    Over  the  heads  of  some 

1 


1861,j 


iosatcs. 


233 


of  the  figures  are  represented  crowns  of  martyrdom,  exactly  resembling 
the  CTovvn  now  preserved  in  the  Hotel  de  Cluny  at  Paris  respecting  which 
there  has  been  so  much  controversy. 

A-D.  553.  The  Arian  Baptistery  at  Ravenna  is  said  to  have  been  built  by 
the  Emperor  Theodoric  for  the  use  of  Ihe  Arians,  but  purified  by  the  Arch» 
bishop  Agnelus,  and  named  **  Sancta  Maria  in  Cosmedin,"  which  signifies 
St.  Mary  the  rich  or  the  beautiful,  and  the  mosaics  are  said  to  have  been 
madeC?)  or  altered  (?)  at  that  time.      It  has  a  domical  vault  with  fine 


llooier  oa  ib*  Domical  Vtalt  tif  tb*  BrnpU^letj  At  BM^ioxuaMi,  JkJ».  M- 

;  in  the  centre  is  the  baptism  of  Christ,  and  round  it  the  twelve 

i  separated  by  palm-trees,  and  the  throne  of  the  Almighty  jewelled, 

and  surmounted  by  a  jewelled  cross.     The  Saviour  is  represented  standing 

in  the  river  Jordan  up  to  the  w^aist,  but  the  water  is  level,  and  not  raised 

into  a  hillock  in  the  absurd  manner  afterwards  introduced  in  the  middle 

I  ages ;  over  His  head  is  the  nimbus  and  the  Holy  Dove  descending  upon 

*  Him ;  on  His  left  hand  is  St.  John  Baptist  standing  on  a  rock,  pouring 

'  water  out  of  a  Bcallop^shell  on  the  head  of  our  Lord,  and  clothed  with 

a  camers-skin ;  on  the  right  of  Christ  is  another  figure,  said  to  be  Moses 

by  the  historian  of  Ravenna,  but  which  the  Abbe  Crosnier,  with  more  pro- 

bability^  supposes  to  be  an  emblematic  figure  of  the  river  Jordan;  a  figure 

with  horns  on  the  head  was  an  ordinary  mode  of  representing  a  river-god 

by  the  ancients,  the  urn  also  is  another  such  emblem,  and  the  attitude 

seems  to  erpress  astonishment  at  the  honour  conferred  upon  him* 

A.D.  567.  The  church  of  St,  Apollinaris  in  CtassCp  near  Ravenna,  is  said 
to  have  been  built  and  ornamented  with  mosaics  about  a.d.  5ti7*     On  the 
OaifT.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXL  »  f 


234 


Mosaics. 


[Sept 


vault  of  the  tribune  is  the  figure 
uplifted  in  prayer,  surrounded  by 
twelve  sheep  at  the  base ;  over  his 


of  St.  Apollinaris,  erect,  with  hit  handi 
trees  with  sheep  among  them,  and  the 
head  is  a  jewelled  cross  surroonded  bj 


^"■v 


^  ^^ 


^^^lliP 


9  L  a  ©i:  °g§i^ 

lillllfltl 


o,a  ^  o  OS  o)^ 


'  ^  a 


Stars  in  a  circular  medallion ;  on  either  side  of  the  arch  are  Michael  and 
Gabriel,  over  it  are  more  sheep  and  the  emblems  of  the  Evangelists. 

The  church  of  St.  Apollinaris  within  the  walls  of  Ravenna,  commonly 
called  Santa  A  poll  inure  nuova,  is  built  exactly  on  the  plan  of  a  Roman 


1881.]  MoBoici.  235 

barilica,  and  the  foundation  of  it  is  attributed  to  the  Emperor  Theodoric  in 
the  beginning  of  the  sixth  century ;  it  was  given  to  the  Arians,  who  made 
it  their  cathedral,  and  was  originally  dedicated  to  St.  Martin.    At  a  later 


period,  under  Justinian,  it  was  restored  to  the  Catholics,  and  reconciled  to 
catholic  worship  by  St.  Agnelus,  and  the  mosaics  were  executed  at  that 
period,  or  about  570.  The  name  of  St.  Apollinaris  was  not  given  to  it  until 
the  ninth  century,  when,  from  the  fear  of  an  invasion  by  the  Saracens,  the 
body  of  the  saint  was  removed  for  safety  to  this  church  within  the  walls  of 
the  town,  from  the  other  church  of  the  same  name  about  three  miles  distant. 


^f  J.Jfii^S. 


._-.^-      i- 


^,;/:.  '.    ^    •   -^3»^...''  *.  :    >..  .j  i.r.v.*..-.'.     -.y:  .T.f:  -^    in — ^f--.  liTzr  "vn 


1861.] 


337 


THE  LIFE  OF  THE  SIETTR  BE  J0T:NTILLE«. 

To  tlio&e  who  have  some  knowledge  of  mediaeval  French,  combined  with 
m  taste  for  matters  mediaeval,  it  will  require  few  extraneous  accessories  or 
attractions  to  recommend  to  them  a  new  edition  (and  at  a  small  price)  of 
that  channing  narrative,  De  Joinville's  **  History  and  Chronicle  of  the  very 
Christian  Xing,  Saint  Louis;"  one,  at  once,  of  the  most  curious,  most 
interesting,  and  moRt  valuable  literary  relics  of  the  thirteenth  and  four- 
teenth centuries,  that  have  come  down  to  our  times. 

With  M.  Didot's  volume  before  us,  it  were  needless,  perhaps  almost  pre- 
auropluous — seeing-  the  labour  and  diligence  which  he  has  evidently  ex- 
pended upon  the  subject — to  place  before  the  reader  in  language  of  our 
own  an  estimate  of  the  nature  and  value  of  Be  Joinville*s  workj  a  chro- 
nicle of  the  words,  actions,  and  sufferings  of  one  who  was  at  once  the 
most  amiable,  the  most  chivalrous,  and  the  most  rash  of  men,  written  by 
a  feudal  lord  of  the  thirteenth  century,  his  devoted  follower  and  friend* 
fikithful,  valiant,  generous,  frank,  and  light-hearted. 

"  In  thewj  Memoiri,"  says  M.  Bidot,  "  which  form  one  of  tba  znoti  pMoiotit  me- 
morlnlii  of  times  ancient  and  modern,  tho  Cliriitlan  with  a  devotion  not  alwayn 
crodaloas,  the  man  of  the  worlds  the  knightly  friend  of  a  king,  the  frank  and  nrtlenB 
hiitonan,  all  reveal  themselves  in  a  form  bo  indy  natural,  and  with  rach  strict  fidoUty, 
that  we  are  able,  in  somo  mensmne^  to  penetrate  Into  the  very  inmost  thoughts  of  tho 
author,  from  the  simple  recital  that  be  gives  nfl,  withoat  the  adclitiou  of  any  reflec- 
tioTU  of  hh  own.  Never  have  chamctor  and  style  bcten  found  better  in  accord  than  in 
viUe,  Hii  Memoirs  disclose  to  us  in  him  conrBge  united  with  modesty,  and  troth - 
with  candour, — qualitiea  winch  predominate  throughout,  in  the  very  smidlesfc 
even;  while  we  find  majiifosted  a  sensitiveness  of  itpirit,  and  occiiaionally  a 
mmer  of  philosophy^  which  are  in  strong  contrast  with  the  more  imperturbable 
£utb  that  Actuates  Saint  Loui&>  There  is  nothing  to  be  found  more  curioua,  more 
mtereating;,  moire  isstnictive,  and,  more  especially,  that  makes  ns  better  acquainted 
with  the  ehuracter  of  JoinviUe,  than  his  conversatioiif  with  the  King;  where  he  on- 
vdk  the  very  innermost  of  their  soul  and  of  their  character/' 

The  above  is  from  the  Prefatory  Biacourae  on  the  Memoirs  of  JoinviUe, 
and  their  Literary  Merit,  by  M.  Ambrose  Firmin  Didot  3  in  addition  to 
which  he  has  enriched  the  volume  with  a  Life  of  the  writer ;  A  Discourse 
upon  the  Tombs  and  Epitaphs  of  the  family  of  De  JoinviUe ;  upon  the 
Castle  of  JoinviUe ;  the  Manuscripts  and  Editions  of  the  Memoirs ;  Sources 
of  Contemporary  History  that  may  be  advantageously  consulted ;  Acts  and 
Documents  that  bear  reference  to  the  Sicurs  de  JoinviUe,  the  Genealogy 

*  ^'Hemolres  de  Jean  Sire  de  Joiuvilloj  on  Hittoire  et  Chronique  du  trcs-Chretien 
Boi  Saint  Loaifu  Public  par  M.  Franciaque-Miohelf  pr^c^^  de  Diiacrtationi  par 
M.  Xmbr,  Firmin  Didot,  et  d*une  Notice  sur  les  Manuacrits  du  Sire  de  JoinviUe  par 
M^PuOia  Paris.  (Paris:  Firmin  Didot,  Fr^^G8,  FiU  et  Q\  I  vol, small  8vo.,  546  pp.) 


288  The  Life  qf  the  Sieur  de  JoinvUle.  [Sept 

of  the  fkmily  of  De  Joinville,  and  the  Credo,  or  Profeflsion  of  Faith  of 
Joinville ; — a  work  which,  with  all  the  curious  illustrations  contained  in 
the  manuscript,  we  hope  that  Messrs.  Firmin  Didot  will  yet  find  en- 
couragement to  publish. 

The  volume  is  enriched,  too,  by  the  addition  of  several  minor  mediaeval 
works  of  contemporary  date,  and  various  interesting  plates  depicting  the 
castle  as  it  appeared  at  various  dates  during  last  century,  the  seal  and 
monumental  effigy  of  De  Joinville.  and  a  facsimile  from  the  manuscript 
of  the  original  work  in  the  Imperial  Library,  No.  2,016. 

We  do  not  pretend  within  our  circumscribed  limits  to  enter  upon  a  re- 
view of  the  work  of  the  Sieur  de  Joinville,  the  more  especially  as  that  has 
been  most  ably  done  by  M.  Ambrose  F.  Didot  himself,  under  every  aspect ; 
and  his  volume,  with  all  the  advantages  of  good  paper,  clear  type,  and 
portable  size,  for  a  very  few  francs,  is  at  the  command  of  our  readers. 

To  a  few  particulars,  then,  relative  to  the  life  of  this  feudal  Utterateur 
we  confine  ourselves. 

Jean,  Sieur  de  Joinville,  was  bom  at  the  Castle  of  Joinville,  a  town  not 
hi  distant  from  Chalons-sur-Mame,  a.d.  1224;  his  father  being  Simon, 
Sieur  de  Joinville.  and  his  mother,  Beatrix,  daughter  of  Stephen  II..  Count 
of  Burgundy,  and  cousin-german  of  Frederic  II.,  Emperor  of  Germany. 
His  family,  one  of  the  most  illustrious  and  most  ancient  in  Champagne, 
was  descended  from  William,  Count  of  Poictiers  in  940. 

Simon,  Sieur  de  Joinville,  died  in  1233,  leaving  a  widow  and  his  eldest 
child  Jean,  an  orphan  under  ten  years  of  age,  heir  to  his  honours  and 
estates.  Of  the  historian's  early  life  we  know  but  little,  it  appears,  beyond 
the  fact  that  he  received  his  education  in  the  court  of  the  royal  poet  and 
musician,  Thibaut  (Theobald)  lY.,  King  of  Navarre ;  a  circumstance  to 
which,  not  unprobably,  we  are  indebted  for  his  literary  tendencies,  at  least 
to  some  extent.  At  the  early  age  of  seven  years  he  was  betrothed  to  Alus 
de  Grand-Fre.  an  alliance  which,  on  reaching  a  more  mature  age.  he  seems 
to  have  been  anxious  to  repudiate  for  one  with  the  more  powerful  family 
of  the  Count  de  Bar.  His  lord  and  patron  however.  King  Thibaut) 
peremptorily  interfered,  and  when  the  time  for  marriage  came  Joinville 
had  to  content  himself  with  the  hand  of  Alais  and  her  dowry  of  300  livres 
"  money  of  Paris." 

His  first  appearance,  perhaps,  in  public  life  was  at  a  "Grand  Court" 
held  by  Louis  IX.  of  France  at  Saumur,  where  Joinville  (in  his  capacity 
of  Seneschal,  probably)  had  the  honour  of  carving  before  the  King  of 
Navarre ;  though,  as  he  was  then  only  seventeen  years  of  age,  he  had  not 
as  yet  received  the  knightly  "  honours  of  the  hauberk." 

On  Easter-Eve,  a.d.  1248,  was  bom  his  son  Jean,  Sire  de  Ancarville; 
and  it  was  but  a  few  days  after  that  event  that  Joinville  summoned  his 
vassals  and  men-at-arms,  and  announced  to  them  his  intention  to  take  part 
in  (the  great  craze  of  that  day)  the  Seventh  Crusade.    A  whole  week  after 


1861.]  TheLifeoftheSieurdeJoimntte.  289 

was  spent  in  feasting  and  dances,  and,  at  the  close  of  it,  he  informed  them 
that  as  he  was  going  beyond  sea,  '*  whence  he  did  not  know  if  he  should 
ever  return,"  it  was  his  wish  to  make  amends  for  any  injury  he  might  have 
done  them ;  sajdng  which  he  left  the  council,  and, ''  without  debate,  carried 
oat  all  that  they  decided." 

Having  formed  his  suit  of  two  bannerets,  seven  other  knights,  and  700 
men-at-arms,  Joinville  repaired  to  Paris,  whither  King  Louis  had  sum- 
moned his  barons,  in  order  to  swear  fealty  to  his  children,  in  case  he 
should  not  survive  to  return.  His  labour  and  pains,  however,  in  under- 
taking the  journey,  seem  to  have  been  lost ;  for  this  he  absolutely  refused 
to  do,  *' seeing  that  he  was  not  the  liegeman  of  Louis,  but  of  King 
Thibaut."  Returning  thence  to  his  domains,  he  founded,  in  the  Church 
of  St.  Laurent  there,  an  anniversary  for  himself  and  his  wife,  and  then,  the 
day  before  his  final  departure,  having  confessed  to  the  Abb6  de  Cheminon, 
and  received  at  his  hands  the  scrip  and  staff,  he  repaired  in  pilgrim's  guise, 
barefoot  and  arrayed  in  burel  cloth,  to  various  holy  places  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood. On  once  again  repassing  his  loved  abode,  on  his  road  to 
Marseilles,  the  place  of  embarkation,  he  touchingly  says, — ''  I  would  not 
once  turn  my  eyes  towards  Joinville,  that  my  heart  might  not  be  over- 
come with  tenderness  for  the  beautiful  castle  that  I  was  leaving,  and 
for  my  two  children."  For  Alais  de  Grand-Pre  he  apparently  has  not 
a  word  of  regret. 

His  adventures  by  sea,  his  stay  at  Cyprus,  his  arrival  in  Eg3rpt,  his 
combats,  his  dangers,  his  wounds,  his  sorrows,  his  sicknesses,  and  his 
capture  with  his  rash  and  valiant  leader  Saint  Louis,  are  described  in 
the  present  volume ;  and  from  the  History,  in  combination  with  M.  Didot's 
prefatory  matter,  we  extract  the  following  particulars. 

On  disembarking  before  Damietta  (or  Damiat)  in  Egypt,  on  Easter 
Monday,  1250,  Joinville's  galley  drawing  but  little  water  and  forming  part 
of  the  vanguard,  he  was  among  the  first  to  land,  and  it  was  owing  mainly 
to  the  intrepidity  of  his  troops  that  a  body  of  6,000  Saracens,  drawn  up  to 
oppose  the  landing,  turned  their  backs  and  fled.  After  a  stay  of  several 
weeks  under  the  walls  of  the  city,  with  varying  fortunes  and  exposed  to 
continual  attacks  of  Bedouins  and  Saracens,  the  army  moved  on  to  Babylon 
(Baboul),  near  Old  Cairo;  it  falling  to  Joinville's  lot  to  take  charge  of 
certain  castles,  moveable  and  made  of  wood,  under  the  protection  of  which 
a  causeway  was  being  constructed.  Here  he  was  exposed  to  constant 
discharges  of  "Greek  fire,"  the  great  predecessor  of  gunpowder,  in  all 
its  terrors,  each  discharge  of  which,  he  quaintly  tells  us,  was  ''  as  large  as 
a  tun  of  verjuice,  with  a  tail  as  long  as  a  sword,  and  resembling  the  light- 
nings of  heaven,  or  a  dragon  flying  through  the  air." 

Upon  being  first  visited  by  this  terrible  and  unwonted  infliction — which 
seems,  however,  to  have  been  anything  but  well  aimed  by  the  Saracen  foe 
— Joinville  and  his  knights  forthwith  fell  upon  their  knees,  and  "  with  their 


240  T%e  Life  of  the  Sieur  de  JoinvUle.  [Sept. 

elbows  resting  on  the  ground,  asked  mercy  of  our  Lord,  in  wbom  is  all 
power."  Louis  at  this  conjuncture  was  confined  by  sickness  to  his  bed, 
but ''  every  time  that  the  holy  King  was  told  that  they  were  hurling  Greek 
fire,  he  raised  himself  in  his  bed,  and  extending  his  hands  towards  our 
Lord  [the  crucifix,  probably],  exclaimed  with  tears,  *  Good  Lord»  preserve 
for  me  my  people.'  And  I  do  yerily  believe  that  his  prayers  did  us  good 
service  in  our  need,"  adds  Joinville. 

At  the  disastrous  battle  of  Mansourah,  fought  on  April  5,  1250,  and 
mainly  lost  through  the  rashness  and  disobedience  of  the  Count  of  Artois, 
the  King's  brother,  who  there  perished,  Joinville  had  his  full  share  of 
peril.  His  banneret,  Landricourt,  had  been  slain  the  day  before,  and  now 
his  other  banneret,  Hugh  de  Tricastel,  shared  his  fate. 

"  Upon  the  death  of  Tricastel/'  he  says,  *'  I  and  my  knights  put  spur  to  oar  horses 
and  hastened  to  the  sucoonr  of  Monseignenr  Raoul  de  Wanon,  who  was  with  me,  and 
whom  the  Saracens  had  beaten  to  the  g^ond ;  upon  my  retnm  the  Turks  pressed 
npon  me  with  thei^  swords,  whereupon  my  horse  fell  on  its  knees,  through  the  weight 
that  it  felt,  and  I  myself  went  down  between  the  horse's  ears,  and  so  replaced  my 
shield  about  my  neck,  and  g^rasped  my  sword  in  hand." 

While  Joinville  and  his  comrades  are  exposed  to  these  and  like  dan- 
gers, the  King  (who  has  now  recovered  from  his  illness)  arrives  in  his 
part  of  the  battle. 

**  There,**  he  si^ys,  **  where  I  was  on  foot  with  my  knights,  and  wounded  as  I  have 
already  mentioned,  the  King  arrived  with  all  his  ^vision,  with  a  great  clangour  and 
a  great  noise  of  trumpets  and  cymbals,  and  came  to  a  stand  on  a  raised  path.  Never 
did  I  look  upon  so  fine  a  man  in  arms;  for  he  appeared  above  all  his  people,  head  and 
shoulders  upwards,  a  gilded  helmet  on  his  head,  a  sword  of  Germany  in  his  hand." 

Upon  the  peril  of  the  Count  of  Artois  being  announced  to  the  King, 
Joinville,  who  in  the  very  densest  of  the  battle  found  time  to  address  him- 
self "  to  my  lord  Saint  James,"  and  to  beg  that  he  would  succour  him  in 
this  his  need,  offered  to  go  to  his  aid.  It  was  soon  ascertained,  however, 
that  he  was  now  past  all  mortal  help,  and  Joinville  was  employed  for  the 
rest  of  this  disastrous  day,  in  conjunction  with  his  cousin  the  Count  of 
Soissons,  in  defending  a  bridge  from  the  attacks  of  the  enemy.  Even 
here  the  Count,  with  the  usual  gaiet6  de  eceur  of  a  preu  chevalier j  could 
find  time  and  opportunity  for  something  like  a  joke.  '*  Seneschal,"  said 
he,  "  let  us  hound  off  this  canaille,  and  by  the  cap  {guoife)  of  God — such 
was  his  usual  oath — ^we  shall  yet  have  a  talk  about  this  day's  work  in  the 
chambers  of  the  ladies."  Joinville,  however,  had  at  this  conjuncture,  in 
all  probabihty,  but  little  relish  for  joking :  at  the  conclusion  of  the  battle 
he  had  received  five  wounds,  his  horse  seventeen. 

It  was  the  season  of  Lent ;  the  army,  fed  upon  fish  (the  burbot,  to  all 
appearance)  not  only  often  putrified  itself,  but  fed  upon  the  flesh  of  the 
dead  with  which  the  waters  of  the  Nile  were  gorged,  exposed,  too,  to  the 
heat  of  the  sun  in  a  cloudless  sky,  was  attacked  by  scurvy  and  all  its 
attendant  horrors : — 


1861.] 


The  Life  of  ilw  Sieur  de  Joinville. 


241 


** There  catne,"  siiyi  our  historian,  "by  reason  of  thia  miilndy,  bo  much  tlend  flesh 
Qpon  Oiu  gums  of  otir  jieople,  that  the  Imrbers  were  obliged  to  remove  it  to  allow  them 
[^|o  mastieate  and  to  ew^nllow.  It  was  quite  pitifcil  to  hear  the  cricii  throughout  the 
'  of  peraoQi  whooe  flesh  was  hmug  cub  oiT,  for  they  cried  aloud,  just  like  women  In 
fnrail  with  ehitd." 

Joinville  himself,  Buffering  from  his  wounds,  attaclced  by  the  scurvy  in 
the  gums  and  legs,  and  stricken  by  a  quartan  fever,  was  now  confined  to 
his  bed ;  bis  priest,  John  de  Voygsei,  a  stalwart  man  of  valour,  who  a  few 
days  before  bad  put  eight  Saracens  to  flight,  though  suffering  severely  from 

f the  prevailing  malady,  was  making  an  attempt  to  sing  mass  by  bis  bedside, 
when  Joinville  beheld  him  swooui  just  as  he  had  come  to  the  Sacrament, 
and  on  the  point  of  falling  senseless  to  the  ground: — **Then,''  he  says, 

r**  when  I  saw  bim  just  falling,  1  leaped  from  my  bed,  all  unshod  as  I  was, 
and  embraced  bim,  and  I  assured  him  tlmt  he  had  celebrated  his  sacra- 
ment excellently  well,  and  that  I  would  not  leave  him  until  he  bad  done  ail. 
He  then  came  to  himself  ami  celebrated  his  Sacrament,  and  sang  through 
mass  from  beginning  to  end,  and  after  that  never  did  he  sing  mass 

ragaiD,**  for  a  few  days  after  this  be  was  slain. 

Unable  to  fight  or  to  march,  Joinville  was  now  placed  on  board  a  ship 
upon  the  Nile.  The  crew  and  invalids  in  several  other  vessels  were 
attacked  and  massacred  ;  Joinville,  in  bis  ntter  helplessness,  thinks  himself 
on  the  very  point  of  death,  and  throws  into  the  river  a  casket  containing 
his  relics  and  jewels,  when  he  is  unaccountably  rescued  from  destruction 
by  the  sudden  intervention  of  a  certain  Saracen,  unknown  to  him,  who 
jghtly  embraces  htm,  and  after  warding  off  the  blows  of  the  multitude 

^w ho  are  anxious  '*to  cut  his  throat/'  on  the  plea  that  he  is  no  less  than 
the  King's  cousin,  conducts  him  prisoner  to  a  castle  where  '*  the  Saracen 
knights"  were  staying.  These,  in  compassion  for  bis  helplessness,  took 
off  his  ban  berk  y  and  wrapped  him  up  in  a  scarlet  mantle  trimmed  with 
ermine,  which  his  mother  had  given  him  on  his  departure.  **Tben,"  he 
says,  "did  I  begin  to  tremble  very  much,  both  for  the  fear  that  I  felt  and 
by  reason  of  Ihe  malady  as  well.**  Upon  asking  for  drink,  to  the  horror 
of  such  of  his  people  as  were  about  him,  the  water  refused  to  pass  down 
his  throat  but  came  out  at  his  nostrils.  A  remedy,  however,  that  was  ad- 
ministered in  drink  by  a  Saracen  somewhat  marvellously  wrought  a  cure 
in  a  couple  of  days,  upon  which  he  was  conducted  to  a  tent  where  the 
scribes  of  the  Sid  tan  were,  and  then,  after  liis  name  bad  been  duly  entered 
on  the  list  of  prisoners,  he  was  transferred  to  another  pavilion,  where  were 
the  captive  barons  of  France,  and  more  than  ten  thous^and  other  prisoners 

as  well.     In  a  court-yard  near  this,  surrounded  with  walls,  a  great  number 

of  knights  and  other  persons  belonging  to  the  invading  army  were  confined ; 
were  taken  out  one  by  one,  and  on  the  question  being  put  to  them 
whether  they  would  renounce  their  religion  or  not,  those  who  assented 

were  set  aside,  and  those  who  refused  were  decapitated ;  a  piece  of  bar- 
QXKT.  Mao,  Vol  CCXl.  o  g 


242  The  Ufe  of  the  Sieur  de  JoinviUe.  [Sept. 

barity  only  equalled  perhaps  by  the  cruelties  that  were  inflicted  upon 
their  foes,  young  and  old,  men,  women,  and  children,  by  the  Crusaders 
themselves. 

Having  at  last  the  good  fortune  to  be  in  the  number  of  the  ransomed, 
Joinville  followed  the  King  to  Syria,  but  on  landing  at  Acre  found  himself 
reduced  to  such  a  state  of  weakness  that  he  could  with  di£Sculty  keep  his 
seat  on  the  palfrey  which  he  rode.  On  taking  his  place  at  the  royal  table, 
in  obedience  to  the  King's  invitation,  he  tells  us  that  he  was  dressed  in  his 
only  robe,  the  scarlet  mantle  given  him  by  his  mother,  and  which  alone 
throughout  his  sufferings  he  had  been  able  to  retain.  Taking  up  hb  abode 
in  the  house  of  the  Cur^  of  St.  Michael,  at  Acre,  a  chronic  fever  attacked 
him,  and  he  was  again  reduced  to  the  last  extremity.  His  people  being 
all  equally  prostrated  by  sickness,  there  was  now  no  one  to  help  him,  or 
even  to  raise  him  in  bed,  and  he  looked  for  nothing  but  death,  an  indica- 
tion of  which,  he  says,  was  always  in  his  ear : — 

"  For  there  was  not  a  day  that  they  did  sot  bring  fbll  twenty  dead  bodies  or  more 
to  the  church,  and  from  my  bed,  every  time  that  they  brought  them,  I  heard  chanted 
the  Libera  me,  DonUne,  Then  I  wept  and  returned  thanks  unto  God,  and  sidd  onto 
Him  thus :  *  Lord,  adored  be  Thou  for  this  suffering  that  Thou  dost  inflict  upon  me^ 
fbr  many  attendants  have  I  had  in  my  pride  to  serve  me  and  to  help  me  at  my  rising. 
And  I  pray  thee.  Lord,  that  Thou  wilt  aid  me  and  deliver  me  from  this  malady,  both 
me  and  my  people.' " 

Upon  his  recovery,  Joinville  took  part  in  the  Council  which  the  King 
summoned  to  decide  whether  they  should  at  once  return  to  France  or  pro- 
long their  stay  in  the  Holy  Land.  Supporting  the  opinion  of  the  minority, 
Joinville  was  for  the  latter  alternative,  because,  when  the  King 'had  once 
departed,  "  the  prisoners  left  in  Egypt  would  never  be  liberated,  and,  every 
one  imitating  his  example,  the  Holy  Land  would  be  abandoned."  The 
majority,  on  the  other  hand,  after  the  Council  had  broken  up,  pronounced 
the  King  a  fool,  if  he  should  listen  to  any  such  advice  as  his.  The  sequel, 
however,  is  worth  relating  in  the  writer's  own  words : — 

"  When  the  tables  were  set  the  King  placed  me  near  him  at  dinner,  where  he  always 
made  me  sit,  and  his  brothers  were  not  there ;  he  never  spoke  to  me  while  the  m€«l 
lasted,  a  thing  that  he  was  not  in  the  habit  of  doing,  as  he  always  looked  towards  me 
when  eating;  and  I  verily  thought  that  he  was  angry  with  me. . . .  While  the  King 
was  hearing  grace  I  went  to  an  iron-barred  window  which  was  in  an  embrasure  to- 
wards  the  head  of  the  Kind's  bed,  and  I  held  my  arms  through  the  bars  of  the  window 
and  thought  that  if  the  King  should  go  to  France  I  would  betake  myself  to  the  Prince 
of  Antioch,  who  esteemed  me  as  a  kinsman  and  who  had  sent  to  seek  me,  until  such 
time  as  another  expedition  should  come  into  the  country,  by  means  whereof  the 
prisoners  might  be  delivered,  according  to  the  counsel  that  the  Sieur  de  Boulainconrt 
had  given  me.  At  the  moment  that  I  was  standing  there  the  King  came  and  leaned 
upon  my  shoulders,  holding  his  two  hands  upon  my  head.  As  for  me  I  took  it  to  be 
Monseigneur  Philip  d'Anemos,  who  had  already  caused  me  too  much  annoyance  for 
the  advice  I  had  given  him,  and  said,  '  Leave  me  in  peace,  Monseigneur  Philip.'  By 
accident,  just  as  I  was  turning  my  head,  the  King's  hand  fell  upon  my  face,  where- 
upon I  knew  that  it  was  the  King,  by  an  emerald  that  he  had  upon  his  finger;  and 


1861.] 


The  Life  of  the  Sieur  die  Jomvttle7 


243 


he  inid  to  me,  *  Keep  younelf  quite  quiet^  for  I  wisli  to  ask  joa  how  yon  were  bo  bold, 
yoa  wbo  are  but  a  joung  m&n,  «jb  to  re'CommE'nd  my  stay,  nj^mst  all  the  great  men 
ftnd  the  toges  of  France  who  were  recoDamending  my  d*?piirture.*  'Sir,*  said  I,  'I 
•hoald  be  bnd  at  heart  indeed  if  I  should  not  recommt-nd  you,  at  any  price,  to  do  that 
which  you  ought  to  do.'  *  Do  you  say,*  sKid  he,  *  that  I  should  be  doing  a  bad  thing 
if  I  took  my  departure  ?'  'So  may  God  love  mo,  Sire,  Yes.'  And  then  he  said  to  me, 
•  If  I  itay  do  you  stay  ?*  And  I  Bidd  to  him,  *  Yea,  whether  it  might  be  at  ray  own 
coat  or  at  that  of  another/  *Then  be  quite  easy/  said  he,  *  for  I  greatly  commend  the 
advice  yon  have  given  me;  hut  tell  thU  to  no  one  throughout  all  this  week/  I  waa 
more  at  ease  after  hearing  thia,  and  defended  myself  the  more  boldly  against  thoee 
who  ASiailed  me*  The  country  people  there  are  called  poulaiiUt  and  Monaeigneur 
Pierre  d'Avalon  sent  me  word  that  I  ought  to  defend  myself  against  those  who  were 
calling  me  poulmnt  and  should  tell  th«^m  that  I  would  rather  be  called  potUain  tban 
recreant  (reerfu)  jadu,  such  aa  they  were/* 

The  word  poulain,  be  it  remarked,  was  properly  applied  to  the  children 
of  FrankJsh  women  by  Saracen  fathers:  reereit  being  a  term  applied  to 
hiin  who  confessed  himself  vanquished  in  combat. 

Accompanying  the  King  in  all  his  expeditions  in  Paleeline,  to  Csesarea, 
to  Jaffa,  to  l^re  and  Sidon,  and  in  the  Anti-Libanus,  in  testimony  of  his 
bravery,  combined  with  prudence  and  military  skill,  the  King  conferred 
upon  Joinville,  in  Apnl,  1252,  200  livres  of  yearly  rent,  with  reversion 
to  his  heirs. 

In  1254,  embarking  in  the  same  ship  with  King  Louis,  upon  whose 
queen,  Margaret,  he  had  been  in  personal  attendance  for  some  time  past, 
Joinville  had  the  good  fortune  to  return  to  Europe,  and,  after  an  absence 
of  eii  years,  to  see  once  more  hia  "  beautiful  castle/'  his  children,  and  his 
wife*  After  spending  a  short  time  at  JoinvilJe  in  arranging  bis  greatly 
dilapidated  fortunes,  he  repaired  to  Soissons  to  wait  upon  King  Louis 
there,  "  who  shewed  such  great  joy  that  those  quite  marvelled  at  it  who 
were  present/*  and  bestowed  upon  him  further  proofs  of  bis  bounteous 
and  affectionate  feelings  towards  Joinville. 

His  nest  care  was  to  visit  the  tombs  of  bis  forefathers  at  Clairvaux,  and 
to  cause  epitaphs  to  be  inscnbcd  in  honour  of  his  predecessors,  the  lords 
of  JoinvilJe,  in  the  cemetery  of  the  abbey  there.  In  May,  1257,  the  King 
of  Caslille,  as  a  recompence  for  the  services  which  Joinville  had  rendered 
to  the  Christian  faith,  made  him  a  present  of  one  thottsaud  great  marks  of 
ailver;  and  within  a  few  months  after  his  return  he  negotiated  the  mar- 
riage of  Isabella,  daughter  of  the  King  of  France  with  his  lord  Thibaut  V., 
Count  of  Champagne  and  King  of  Navarre.  His  mother  dying  in  1260, 
lie  inherited  from  her  several  domains;  and  in  1261,  his  first  wife  having 
tdso  died,  be  married  Alix,  daughter  of  Gauthier,  lord  of  Resnel  en  Bas- 
eigny,  and  through  this  alliance  united  that  barony  to  that  of  Joitiville. 
In  1269  hostilities  arising  between  Joinville  and  Hilo,  lord  of  Saint- Amand, 
we  find  the  Countess  of  Luxembourg  acting  as  mediator,  aud  Joinville 
condemned  to  make  a  reimbursement  of  200  livres  Tournois. 

^ulwilbblunding  this  appaient  lapse  from  stikt  equity  on  the  pait  of 


244  The  lAft  of  the  Sieur  de  JotnviUe.  [Sept. 

Joinville,  he  was  at  this  period  in  the  habit  of  frequently  visiting  his  old 
friend  and  master  Louis  IX.,  and  assisting  him  in  the  administration  of 
justice.  Sometimes,  in  conjunction  with  Monseigneur  de  Nesle,  he  would 
hear  pleas  at  the  gate  of  the  palace,  and  at  others  he  would  act  as  assessor 
to  King  Louis,  when  personally  administering  justice  at  the  *'  Garden  of 
Paris,"  or  under  the  oak  in  the  Bois  de  Vinoennes. 

Fk-ofiting  at  last  by  experience,  in  spite  of  the  prayers  and  entreaties 
both  of  King  Louis  and  King  Thibaut,  Joinville  resolutely  refused  to  take 
part  in  the  Eighth  Crusade,  and  this  on  the  very  sensible  plea  that ''  while 
he  had  been  beyond  sea  his  vassals  had  suffered  so  greatly  that  both  they 
and  he  would  always  feel  the  effects  of  it."  Indeed,  so  far  from  approving 
of  it,  '*  he  felt,"  he  says,  '*  that  all  those  were  guilty  of  a  mortal  sin  who 
recommended  the  King  to  go  on  this  expedition." 

For  numerous  other  particulars,  industriously  collected  from  various 
sources,  in  reference  to  the  latter  years  of  Joinville's  life,  we  must  of 
necessity  refer  our  readers  to  the  interesting  pages  of  M.  Didot's  Introduc- 
tory Notice.  In  1809,  a  convincing  proof  of  a  sound  and  vigorous  old 
age,  Joinville  composed  his  *'  History  of  Saint  Louis,"  which  he  dedicated 
to  Prince  Louis  (afterwards  Louis  X.,  or  Le  Rutin)  the  unworthy  great- 
grandson  of  that  sovereigu.  According  to  a  Latin  epitaph  foitnerly  on 
his  tomb,  Joinville  died  in  1319,  at  the  great  age  of  ninety-five;  though 
there  seems  to  be  documentary  evidence  to  prove  that  his  son  Anselm  had 
succeeded  to  his  titles  and  honours  before  the  end  of  1317.  Through  this 
son  Anselm,  (bom  of  the  second  marriage,)  the  Barony  and  Principality 
of  Joinville  became  the  possession  of  the  Dukes  de  Guise,  and  at  a  later 
period  of  the  Orleans  family,  a  member  of  which,  the  infamous  Philippe- 
Egalit^,  with  his  usual  contempt  for  propriety  and  good  taste,  in  1791 
caused  the  "  beautiful  castle,"  once  so  dear  to  its  chivalrous  owner's  heart, 
to  be  rased  to  the  ground. 

M.  Michel's  explanations  of  the  difficulties  of  the  text  are  useful,  but 
they  might  have  been  very  satisfactorily  extended,  we  are  inclined  to  think. 
In  some  instances,  again,  he  gives  explanations  where  no  explanation  can 
be  wanted,  Note  *  to  page  130,  for  example ;  and  in  Note  5  to  page  83  he 
is  evidently  in  error  as  to  the  meaning  of  the  passage. 


1861.] 


245 


EABLT  POEMS  OF  BISHOP  SHUTTLEWOBTH. 

Wl  resume  our  publication  of  poems  contained  in  the  little  volume  from 
which  the  medal -task  of  Sir  R.  H.  Inglis  was  drawn.  Another  paper  will 
include  some  graceful  stanzas  by  John  Graham,  and  a  poem  by  Biehop 
Lipscomb. 

Philip  Nicholas  Shuttleworth,  D.D.  Nov.  16,  1822.  was  consecrated 
Bishop  of  Chichester  Sept.  20,  1840,  by  the  Primate  and  the  Bishops  of 
Peterborough  and  Rochester.  He  was  bom  at  Kirkham,  Feb.  9,  1 782,  and 
was  the  son  of  the  Rev.  Prebendary  Hamphrey  Shuttleworth,  Vicar  of  the 
pariah,  and  Annci  daughter  of  Philip  Houghton.  He  was  admitted  Scholar 
of  Winchester  at  the  election  1 797  ;  and  Fellow  of  New  College  Dec.  24, 
1803;  and  became  Warden  Oct.  4,  1822.  He  obtained  the  Chancellor's 
prize  for  the  Latin  Poem  in  1805,  the  subject  being  **  Byzantium."  He 
served  the  office  of  Proctor  in  1820,  and  was  Select  Preacher  the  same 
year.  Mr.  Shuttleworth  was  tutor  successively  in  the  families  of  Earl 
Carnarvon,  Lord  Holland  in  1814,  and  Lord  Leigh  in  1820;  and  in  1824 
was  appointed  Vicar  of  Foxley,  Wilts.  He  in  1823  married  Emma> 
daughter  of  George  Welch  of  High  Leek.  His  published  works  are, 
"Not  Tradition  but  Scripture/*  1839;  Sermons,  2  vols*,  1829-34;  and 
h  *'  Paraphrastic  Translation  of  the  Apostohcal  Epistles,"  1829,  He  died, 
after  a  very  short  tenure  of  the  episcopate*  Jan.  7»  1842,  and  was  buried 
in  the  presbytery  of  Chichester  Cathedral.  The  date  of  the  task  we  print 
is  1 798,  when  the  medals  were  given  by  the  Prince  of  Wales. 

We  should  add  that  shortly  after  his  appointment,  Dr.  Moberly,  the 
present  Head  Master  of  Winchester,  gave  a  volume  to  the  school  in  which 
the  best  poems  from  time  to  time  should  be  presen*ed  in  MS,  Some  day 
we  may  hope  that  these,  with  his  sanction,  will  he  published ;  and  form 
a  Mm€B  Wlccamka:  not  unworthy  of  Ihe  scholars  of  Winton. 

PllOGRESS  OF  LEARNING, 

The  fatal  mom  arrives,  and  oh ! 

To  school  the  blubb'ring  youth  must  go. 

Before  the  Muse's  hallo w*d  shrine 

Each  joy  domestic  to  resign. 

No  more  as  erst  at  break  of  day 

To  brush  the  early  dew  away, 

But  in  ideal  range  to  fly 

O'er  fancied  fields  of  Poetry  ; 

Aga'ui  to  cull  the  mystic  stores 

Of  phrases,  tropes,  and  tnetaphora ; 

Now  gives  Mama  her  last  caressing, 

And  fond  Papa  bestows  his  blessing. 


SiS  JEMy  PooM  o/Biskop  SkaOOtwrnik.  [Sept 

l^iBBP  fvoest  mdDuinenU  kvobIt  oa; 
1^  diuBT  drh'o  xvniinr  u*  liif  door. 
In  fiiT  dgamifUka  Dould  1  &iune. 
Or  vtOT  tkx  nuinbes^  Humer,  mxDe, 
TioL  iiicnxld  t^  Hoar  lunuaDicntt  shov 
Hicvir  £ua  thrr  jKramfT'd  or  hem  abv, 
Hc*ir  £mm  ilir  cm  Aiirar&  roar 
l^jdh  jmeeai'  xod  azid  itidoes'  noae^ 
Or,  i:  liir  piir|Mr  amwL  »  aqipraat^^ 
Ear  I^dbiB  in  ^  7mr|ik  eoae±. 
Bm  H'  tr  bbe£,  ^ktT  ~tt  eaaaac 

Sd  ▼llBL  ^tDL  tnfi  of  IfVCUO.  &C 

OftiU  XnevkoBr^  ssz, 

Tbr  Ibtt  jflft  vxtii  johej  &  ibk- 

Tmr  Tun»  ty  scsL'rr  nsmar  mar  abb. 

AttMu.  73C&t  iil4JC5  «mXUB  CET  UCfKBK 

0<r£r.T  t  Uff  sBECJe  rrvci  %£  Feaoeu 

Oet  t'hxcx.  Tatf  jtsyt  nc  inme  5:l'1'.6» 
Xtv^  r^TivY  TcnCBszcai  vici.  iifr  jic ; 

WjsL  Txl7  Tos  *a«  iiiiEs  *:£  Jeaiirs  ; 
Li  vans  kc  wxa.  firTT  ij  wv 
Xv-^  fliT  ac  Dai  iJ.  15  iiean. 
Oft  vol  3e  JBoAmaadjL  ^ruas 
0€  'oc^  Qrecee  in.  iaopv  iw 
Waen.  £119^  jtvcii  ^eacecu.  in  i.v*iicsaei^ 

Tbcusn  3cw-4H&m  ;2ii!7''!L  piaa  lamc  pvo 
J:!  W4l  in.  s^ilodiibif  3]]ii^aR»: 
W^flL  ^Tj  hem  wm  v  *ail 
XiGm^ami  V19Q1?  in.  6uiIiihiuL  i 
Ami  hf  tihar  ppiwoa  lie  cm  i^neaii 
TIis  Roonns  lomy  were  majeaL. 
EEs^s  not  if  i""fcf»*««'*  ^uduij  QeiL  3&\ 

WTio  aeek  aod  know  nu  acher  pMsasm 
Tban  chose  of  attzmr  anii  jc  jaBuie ; 
Who  dimit  che  beaiidis  (if  %  n'fifir 
Emm^  tD  make  a  verj  ji»  iick ; 
And  own  no  ]nya  beynui  ^jSM  diaae, 
^fo  teensQfflL  but  a  cace. 
By  liun  Ikr  nobler  jim  are  fbumi 
£&  Tally  »  ai;gBnM3itn  profound ; 


mn.]  Emrly  Poems  of  Bishop  Shuttleworth.  247 

No  dainties  please  him  like  the  sweets 

Of  Homer's  oompoand  epithets. 

At  length,  on  IsIb'  banks  he  views 

The  walls  beloved  by  ev*rj  Muse : 

Those  walls  where  gen'roas  souls  pursue 

The  arduous  prize  to  virtue  due, 

And  schoolmen,  from  the  world  withdrawn. 

Dispute  o'er  sausages  and  brawn. 

But  here,  alas  !  a  ruthless  train 

Of  studies  new  perplex  his  brain ; 

He  now  of  nothing  talks  but  statics, 

€^metrj  and  mathematics ; 

Crosses  the  "  Asinorum  pons/' 

Solves  parallipopipedons, 

Explains  the  rays  of  light  by  prisms, 

Solves  arguments  by  syllogisms, 

And  night  and  day  his  mem'ry  crams 

Brimful  of  parallelograms, 

By  A.S  and  B.s  exact  defines 

The  wondrous  miracles  of  lines : 

Ask  you  their  name  P  I  might  as  soon 

Reckon  the  people  in  the  moon ; 

Had  I  an  hundred  brazen  tongues. 

An  hundred  car-men's  sturdy  lungs, 

An  hundred  mouths  to  tell  them  o'er, 

Twould  take  a  century  or  more. 

Talk  of  a  flower  of  various  dyes. 

He'll  prove  you  must  not  trust  your  eyes, 

For  what  to  us  seems  black  and  white 

Is  merely  different  rays  of  light. 

And  then  some  untaught  writers  tell 

That  man  had  once  the  power  to  smell ; 

Our  modem  scholar  plainly  shows 

'Tis  but  a  tickling  of  the  nose ; 

But,  solemn  proof,  he  can  assure  ye. 

Nan  dari  vacuum  naturas; 

As  well  by  demonstrations  show 

Quid  nihil  JU  ex  nihUo  ; 

That  when  earth's  convex  face  you  tread 

Your  feet  are  lower  than  your  head  ; 

Solve  any  knotty  point  with  ease, 

And  prove  the  moon  is  not  green  cheese. 

But  fast  the  rolling  years  glide  on. 

And  life's  far  better  half  is  gone ; 

He  now  to  other  things  aspires. 

Accepts  a  living  and  retires  ; 

And  soon  immersed  in  parsonage  neat. 

Enjoys  his  peaceable  retreat. 


'Sow  pBsks  o'er  m  i 

Or  tdb  oTcr  mam  m  menj  ilai 
The  pcnks  of  arif  ife  1 
Beeilb  to  BCB^iy  I 
TTitferikli^ii  talks  a 

IscnttoU^Ok!  htmn^Mm^ 
LcKBOi^  to  ne  napBt  ttj  Md  ; 
Ob!  teMhi^fatlikeyitoitiir 

Aad  %  tbj  hdbw'd  dbfiM  beioR^ 
I  e^cr  tihj  ndf  i 

Odr 

A  Bniiop,  aril  ioiil  a  IXoB. 

Shitruwoixb,  ISOO. 


i.]  Bariif  Poem  of  BisAcp  Skuiileuwrih.  S49 

NON  0MNI8  MOBJAR. 
Whilst  hambler  beings,  to  one  lot  confined, 
Punue  that  path  which  Nature  first  design'd, 
Upl)ome  on  rapid  pinions  mount  the  gale, 
Skim  the  broad  wave,  or  range  their  native  vale^ 
Heedless  of  change,  each  call  of  sense  obey. 
And  seek  no  bUss  beyond  the  present  day; 
Content  if  perfect  each  enjoyment  here 
Shall  leave  them  henceforth  nought  to  hope  or  fear ; 
Man,  man  alone,  superior  to  his  fate. 
In  purer  regions  seeks  a  happier  state. 
Spurns  the  low  earth,  to  heaven  directs  his  eye, 
And  pants  for  nobler  than  terrestrial  joy. 

Alike  o'er  all  this  pow'rful  Hope  presides, 
In  death  it  strengthens  as  in  life  it  guides. 
From  youth  to  age  impels  with  equal  force, 
The  rule  of  all  our  actions  and  the  source, 
Though  various  passions  variously  inclined 
Impel  or  fetter,  rouse  or  dog  the  mind. 
Ambition,  Virtue,  here  the  sway  divide, 
There  modest  Reason  strives  with  stronger  Pride ; 
Whatever  their  nature,  impulse,  power,  or  sphere, 
All  still  excite  us  and  concentrate  here, 
Unsated  turn  from  this  unequal  scene, 
This  being  humbly  blest  and  proudly  mean  ; 
This  state  of  error,  weakness,  pride,  and  power. 
The  bubble  sport  or  victim  of  an  hour; 
Bids  us  for  happier  worlds  relinquish  this. 
And  leave  the  present  for  the  future  bliss. 

For  this,  when  haughty  Gallia  late  unfurFd 
The  flag  of  desolation  o*er  the  world, 
Driven  from  his  regal  state,  neglected,  fled 
By  those  his  pow'r  su8tain*d  or  bounty  fed. 
From  all  whato'er  on  earth  he  held  most  dear, 
All  that  could  comfort  or  delight  him  here. 
Great  Louis  stood,  in  conscious  virtue  brave. 
Nor  wish'd  for  life,  but  that  beyond  the  grave  ; 
In  his  firm  bosom  check'd  each  rising  groan. 
And  in  his  country's  weal  forgot  his  own. 

When  the  fierce  warrior  chief,  untaught  to  spare. 
O'er  ravag'd  nations  spreads  the  waste  of  war. 
And  foe  to  all  those  fine-wrought  links,  that  bind 
Concordant  soul  with  soul  and  kind  with  kind, 
'Mid  peaceful  scenes,  where  homely  joys  retire. 
Deals  the  destructive  steel  or  raging  fire. 
That  rank'd  with  heroes  in  historic  page. 
His  deeds  may  live,  the  curse  of  eveiy  age  I 
Gbnt.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXI.  h  h 


850  Sarfy  Poem  if  Bishop  SkiMlewortk.  [Sept 

And  flattering  maibles  proadly  rise  on  high 
To  snatch  the  wretch  from  deep  obscnritj. 

This  Hope  inspires,  for  love  of  life  and  fame, 
—Their  different  objects  are  in  cause  the  same,— • 
Heafen's  endless  being  to  our  yiew  displays, 
Man  blindly  errs  and  grasps  at  endless  praise ; 
Thns,  though  'tis  Heaven  itself  directs  our  way. 
Though  dear  as  light  its  dictates,  man  will  stray. 
What  man  designed  to  bless  convert  to  woe. 
And  taints  the  streams  of  knowledge  as  they  flow. 
Hence  first  the  frantic  rage  for  fgune  bctgan, 
And  man  perversely  thought  to  live  thro'  man. 
In  endless  fame  his  wish'd-for  life  survey'd. 
And,  whilst  he  lost  the  substance,  grasp*d  the  shade. 

The  patriotic  soul  which,  firmly  great. 
Stands  the  strong  bulwark  of  a  sinking  states 
And,  nobly  zealous  in  his  country's  cause, 
On  freedom's  stable  basis  builds  his  laws ; 
The  friendless  wretch  who  bent  with  grief  and  fears 
Creeps  on  neglected  through  a  vale  of  tears. 
Survey  with  rapture  in  a  higher  sphere 
The  bright  reward  of  all  their  labours  here. 
Well  pleased,  the  transient  joys  of  earth  forego^ 
Nor  heave  one  sigh  for  all  they  leave  below. 
The  impious  wretch,  from  whose  unhallow'd  eyes. 
Friend  of  the  good,  repose  for  ever  files, 
In  midnight's  awful  gloom,  whose  gaunt  dismay 
Fetters  each  nerve  and  hovers  o'er  its  prey. 
When  Tcngeful  furies  howl  in  every  blast, 
Thrill  through  his  heart  and  echo  back  the  past^ 
From  Heavenly  vengeance  sees  'tis  Tain  to  fly. 
And,  shudd'ring,  feels  he  shall  not,  must  not  die. 

Equal  through  life  the  all-pervading  pow'r 
Consoles  us  still  in  death's  approaching  hour ; 
When  life's  last  struggle  rends  the  parting  day. 
And  hope  and  doubt  possess  alternate  sway. 
When  nature,  fainting  from  her  load  of  woes, 
In  dread  suspense  awaits  the  final  clos^ 
And  sickness,  brooding  o'er  the  wretch's  bed. 
With  pain  enervates  or  appals  with  dread. 
As  the  tali  cliff,  which  storms  and  winds  engage. 
And  surges  lash  with  unavailing  rage. 
Faith,  unappall'd,  sustains  th'  unequal  strife. 
And  through  the  gates  of  Death  conducts  to  life. 
In  his  rapt  senses  higher  scenes  arise, 
And  hov'ring  angels  hail  him  to  the  skies. 
Yet  not  to  more  enlighten'd  climes  confin'd. 
Pervades  this  sense  along  the  cultur'd  mind, 


186L]  Early  Fo&m  of  Bishop  Shutileworth.  361 

Nature  to  all  alike  the  law  reveala, 

The  rude  pereeiYes  it  and  th*  anletter'd  feels. 

For  Saint  or  8a?age  must  alike  obey 

When  instinct  points,  or  reason  guides  the  way. 

Henoe  heavenly  Plato  first  his  precepts  caught^ 
And  but  confirmed  what  Nature  first  had  taught. 
Traverse  each  land,  where  Beason*s  feeble  ray 
Scarce  faintly  glimmers  thro'  its  house  of  day. 
Where  Aide's  sons  a  barbarous  life  pursue. 
Rude  as  the  barren  sands  on  which  they  grew. 
Untaught  all  laws,  all  precepts  to  revere, 
Tet  all-pervading  nature  stops  not  here. 
Lo  !  the  poor  Negro,  whom  tyrannic  pow'r 
Tears  from  his  leaf-built  hut  and  plantain  bow'r, 
Gondemn*d  thro'  life  to  tug  the  galling  chain. 
In  some  far  isle  beyond  the  western  mam ; 
Whose  eyes,  long  strangers  to  the  joys  of  sleep, 
dose  but  to  dream  of  toil,  then  wake  to  weep, 
Tet  hopes  he  still  in  death  to  view  once  more 
Those  native  plains  he  lov'd  in  life  before. 
And  wrapt  in  peaceful  undisturb'd  repose, 
Drink  sweet  oblivion  of  his  former  woes : 
Gheer'd  by  this  hope  content  he  waits  the  grave. 
And  thanks  his  God  for  all  the  good  He  gave. 
Or  go  where,  stretch'd  beneath  serener  skies, 
Beyond  the  Atlantic  fiercer  nations  rise, 
Mark  there  the  barbarous  chief,  whom  nations  round 
In  savage  triumph  gore  with  many  a  wound. 
Scorch  each  firm  sinew  and  torment  in  vain, 
With  all  the  horrors  of  protracted  pain, 
Unmoved  behold  him  meet  the  flame,  the  steel ! 
Deride  their  vengeance  and  disdain  to  feel ! 
Till  o'er  his  mighty  deeds  and  valour  done. 
The  numerous  spoils  in  early  conquest  won, 
The  plum^  trophies  of  some  fallen  prey. 
And  bloody  scalps  in  battle  torn  away. 
Till  freed  at  lasl^  the  soul  exulting  flies 
To  gain  sublimer  conquests  in  the  skies ! 

What  bids  the  calm  Gentoo  undaunted  smile. 
Wrapt  in  the  terrors  of  a  blazing  pile  1 
When  with  mistaken  zeal  the  Brahmin  lies 
Before  his  god  a  willing  sacrifice, 
What  spurs  him  on  but  that  which  all  have  known— 
That  innate  wish  for  worlds  beyond  his  own  P 
Hence  taught,  he  paints  in  Fancy's  richest  dress 
Ideal  schemes  of  future  happiness ; 
How  peaceful  souls,  beneaUi  some  pahny  grove^ 
Pursue  the  pleasing  cares  of  harmless  love ; 


SU  MarlfPoemi^BMepSkmiaewmnk.  fSt^ 

Tlwre  no  foil  bate  or  piiuiig  gdeh  istni^ 
No  MOB  of  mad  ambition  thint  far  blood. 
Then  flow^iy  meada  eternal  ^xinf  bdiold. 
And  foieata  wave  in  vegeUfak  gold ; 
Then  gioiy  dveUa  to  eonaoiooi  wortb  aDied, 
And  iaitbf^  jostioe  bboma  by  ▼iitoe'b  aide. 

Wben  wiipt  in  sleep  devoid  of  aenae  we  lie^ 
And  Best's  soft  bandage  veib  eaob  ahimVxing  ey^^ 
Unoonseious  of  lepoae,  ibio*  earth  and  akica 
n"  nnweaiied  aool  in  load  idea  ibea. 
Lo!  wben  the  flame  in  deatb*s  eternal  ekiae 
Shall  seek  tbat  kindred  diet  from  wbenee  it  roae^ 
No  more  encumbered  with  its  load  of  eb^, 
Tbe  aonl  to  bi^ipnr  woilda  sbaD  bend  ita  way. 
In  kftier  lealms  anbliaMr  jonrs  expkve, 
Adi  from  this  biiaBfal  ] 

IfUusi 
Is  an  deaignM  by  Heaven  fernmn  to  ] 
Wl^  left  impeiM  in  a  maddBe  sttft^ 
QnoaM  to  the  eartk  y«l  aoaring  to  be  gieact  * 
HXv  Icnti'd  «a{Knor  to  hia  attcian  here, 
BciodlBBs  ha  mini  vet  limited  ita  ififaBR  I 
Tod  wise  to  an  wbife' 
A  eafaa  ifMCiter  of  1^  vastt  . 
IW  iiiEk^  w^ke  eksadnd  Iqt  1^  i«fl  of  I 
iy»  asm  1^  wcmden  of  OtamrotBM; 
ClMm  d  1»  t^  emtlw  eaaUl  X<wtcm\  anal  sBwr 
Uimnmber^d  w«^  bn«i  tiv  m2br  wvr, 
T!ic»  aS  i^nsis  njvwai^  «n  CIsr  |w^ 
KM«r  iIrT  dl  Kttbsie  and  vMI  Ikt  k«s. 
Fteanm  imaaeaDBS  nhutu  nrngrd  widi  skafi  £vini^ 

]b»tikervr< 
Aata 


eridE; 
fBoar  ttpm  w«dl&  )r  biwli  ^n  ^ 

cncvv^  Smbk  ifciw».  aw  muav  v 

Aiai  ?iiBttR£  &M  «n»ik  Wbifi£  ^ 

Sm*  esK  tttaC  pbobbi^  wiAuht  Shb^ 

Prn  Souin  >]£  EJfir  cinBE.  Vr  l!m«  iMagr  7 

Xnfi  igm!.n  vnn'  Wfturii  wv  sbj^v,.  w^  Smw>  wv  a 

SnaffitaafBift^  3n- ftrntav  eaaaa  %r  ^  ? 

ram£dlrjiBBfe<i&a«. 


dn  mactt  Mi^  <imn^ 


1861,]  Earlif  Poenis  of  Bishop  Shuitleworth. 

When  tmaveng'd  th'  impilied  yictitn  diea, 
la  Heaven  all  righteous,  and  can  Grod  be  wise  ? 
Cease  the  fond  doubt,  and  know  th*  Eternal  Will, 
That  first  created  man,  protects  him  still, 
In  future  worlds,  profusely  just  at  last, 
Shall  by  the  Future  rectify  the  Past, 
Withdraw  the  veil  of  sense  from  mortal  sight, 
And  prove  to  erring  man  that  all  is  right. 

But  lo  I  the  mists  of  doubt  perplex  no  more. 
And  Heaven  confirms  what  Nature  taught  before, 
He  comes !  He  coraes  *  reveard  to  mortal  eyes, 
Lo  !  God  Himself  descending  from  the  skies. 
From  vanquished  death  triumphant  bears  bia  prey, 
Points  out  to  other  worlds  and  leads  the  way. 
Not  snch  that  heaven  whieh^  Mincio's  swains  among, 
In  days  of  yore  poetic  Fiction  sung. 
Where,  loU'd  to  rest  in  amaranthine  Ijowers, 
The  shudes  of  heroes  waste  the  peaceful  hours ; 
Nor  such  the  heaven  by  Mecca's  seer  foretold, 
Where  streams  nectareoos  flow  o'er  sands  of  gold, 
And  Eden's  groves  their  various  sweets  dispenst^ 
To  rouse  each  appetite  and  clog  each  sense. 
But  those  Bleat  Worlds,  where  purer  skies  bestow 
That  mental  bliss  which  none  but  spirits  know. 
And  souls,  set  free  from  earth  without  alloy. 
Quaff  the  full  stream  of  never-ceasing  joy. 

And  doubts  man  still  P    Go,  then,  and  turn  thine  eyes 
Where  yon  expiring  unbeliever  lies. 
He  once,  the  foremost  of  the  wild  and  gay, 
Iiaugb*d  the  light  hours  In  thoughtless  mirth  away, 
Chas'd  each  bright  form  thro'  Pleasure's  mazy  roadj 
Nor  owdM  a  joy  but  what  this  life  bestowed- 
Lo  I  the  dire  contrast  on  the  brink  of  fate  i 
He  wakes  to  sad  contrition  now  too  late, 
Becants  those  doubts  which  Folly  first  supplied, 
And  sbrmks  before  the  Pow'r  be  once  defied. 
Insulted  mercy  stamps  the  wrretch's  doon», 
Wakes  to  revenge  and  hurls  him  to  the  tomb. 
Go,  then,  like  him,  ye  thoughtless  and  ye  gay, 
Where  Folly  points  or  Pleasure  leads  the  way, 
Weigh  boundless  wisdom  in  the  scale  of  sense 
And  point  the  errors  in  Oumbcienoe. 
By  specious  reasoning  want  of  truth  supplj. 
And  doubting  all  things,  God  Himself  deny ! 
Then  when  your  date  of  misspent  life  is  o'er. 
When  Death  arrests,  and  you  can  sin  no  more. 
Awake  to  certainty  of  endless  woe. 
And  tremble  at  the  gulf  which  yawns  below  1 


253 


wm 


30TB  ov  no5zz 


It  WM  of  lh«  uiiliiiAry  nixc  of  marxfiiteii,  wu  cmptj  and  witliout 

*  |)fM«nu4  no  diittnotive  marks. 

t  ii  now  In  Uit  colkctioD  of  a  local  antiquary,  M.  TroQel»  of 


1861.]         often  met  with  in  Archaeological  Collections.  256 

Elbeuf,  I  wai  consulted  regarding  it  by  M.  le  Cur^  d' Amfreville'la-Mivoie, 
near  Rouen,  to  whom  I  made  the  following  reply  :■ — 

*'  M,  VAhhe^ The  bronze  raarmtte,  of  which  you  have  sent  me  a 

sketch,  is  an  object  common  enough,  but  still  its  real  uee  is  doubtful.  To 
mj  knowledge,  your  marmite  is  the  sixth  that  has  been  found  in  the  Seine- 
Inferieure.  Thus  one  was  discovered  at  LiUebonne  in  1836 ;  and  others 
ftt  Loges,  near  Fecamp,  in  1845,  at  Val  de  la  Uaye,  near  Kouen,  in  1846| 
and  at  Tourville  la  Chapelle,  near  Dieppe,  in  1847* 

"The  Museum  of  Abbeville  also  poes^aes  five,  tbund  in  the  anrondipse- 
ment  of  that  name ;  and  M.  Honbiganl,  of  Nogent-les-Vierges  (OiseX 
has  two  in  his  collection,  one  found  at  Eiaux,  near  Liancourt,  in  1 834,  and 
the  other  in  the  environs  of  the  camp  of  Calenoy,  near  Clermont  (Uise). 

**  M.  Houbigant,  in  the  plates  that  he  has  published  of  his  collection  of 
Bellovacian  antiquities,  has  depicted,  among  the  Roman  or  Gallo- Roman 
objects,  a  mannite  and  a  chandelier*  At  the  foot  of  the  plate  we  read, 
*  MarmiLe  and  Flambeau,  found  near  the  Camp  of  Catenoy,  It  is  thought 
that  these  were  for  the  use  of  the  soldiers,  and  that  they  are  of  the  Lower 
Empire/  I  feel  bound  to  add  that  there  appears  to  me  no  ground  for  that 
assertion. 

*^Tlie  Museum  of  Nantes  contains  a  marmite  found  in  the  marsh  of 
Donges  (Loire-Inf^rieure),  which  the  Catalogue  of  1856  styles  Gaulish*, 
without  any  adequate  reason,  M.  de  Caumont  appears  to  me  more  wise 
when  he  says,  in  his  Bulletin  Monumental^,,  '  There  exist  at  Poitiers,  and 
in  several  other  museums,  copper  vessels  mounted  on  three  feet  like  our 
marmites,  on  the  age  of  which  I  cannot  venture  to  upealc.  That  which  I 
reproduce  was  found,  according  to  the  manuscript  catalogue,  in  a  coffiu  at 
St,  Maurice  de  Gen^ay  (Vienne)/ 

*'  Now  it  is  necessary  to  examine  and  discuss  these  facts,  in  order  to  see 
what  consequences  we  ought  to  draw  from  these  premises,  for  the  mar- 
mites themselves  say  nothing ;  they  bear  no  date,  neitlier  have  they  any 
distinctive  attribution  or  character  whatever.  The  places  in  which  they 
are  found  are  alone  able  to  explain  their  origin.  But  the  greater  part  have 
been  found  in  earth  or  in  the  marsh,  which  determines  nothtiig.  Some 
have  been  found  with  bronze  chandaliers  inclosed  in  them ;  thus  it  was  at 
Rtaux  (Oise),  in  1834,  and  at  Loges  (Seine- Inferieure)  in  1845»  But  the 
chandeliers  (or  feet  of  lamps)  are  themselves  not  easy  to  determine,  as  to 
their  date;  and  we  find  similar  ones  even  down  to  the  fourteenth  century*. 
Nevertheless,  at  Loges  the  matter  places  itself  in  a  clearer  light,  for  there 
the  marmite  contained,  along  with  three  chandeliers,  three  copper  spoons, 
and  on  each  of  these  spoons  was  the  figure  of  a  fleur-de-lis.     This  sign,  it 

*  Quersad  et  Parenteao,  Catalogue  dn  Mu$ie  ArehSoL  dr  NamUi,  1856,  p.  91. 

*  Tom.  xjciv.  p.  9. 

«  L'Abb^*  Corblet  et  H,  Doiefd,  Betue  da  VJH  Ckrdim^  torn,  iii  pp*  H  15^ 
m,  37,  plate  L  fig.  L 


256 


Recent  Excavations  at  Cyrene, 


[Sept. 


appears  to  me»  gives  clearly  enough  the  CapetiaD  epoch,  and  the  Christian 
middle  ages,  for  the  find  at  Leges,  at  least 


•*  Can  the  other  finds,  which  are  not  determined  with  the  same  precision^ 
l>e  ascribed  to  that  epoch  ?  I  think  not.  From  which  it  follows  that  in  the 
case  which  you  have  referred  to  me,  we  can  form  no  well-grounded  conclu- 
fiion  without  a  full  knowledge  of  the  place  in  which  the  marmite  of  St.  Pierre- 
li^s-Elbeuf  was  found.  From  the  little  that  jon  have  said,  I  am  led  to  be- 
lieve that  your  marmite  Is  not  antique,  and  that  we  are  bound  to  think  the 
same  of  the  majority  of  similar  objects* 

•'L'ABBi  COCHKT.** 


Kbcisnt  Excavatioks  at  CifiLENE. — Lieutenant  Smith,  of  the  Royal  Engineere, 
and  Lieutjenant  Poreher,  R.N.,  have  been  engn^  for  some  months,  under  the 
aiiisj)ioefi  of  the  Foreign-offioe,  in  making  excavations  among  the  ruins  of  Cyrene* 
Their  laboura  have  been  very  successful,  and  we  expect  very  shortly  to  be 
enabled  to  print  a  full  account  of  their  discoveries.  Airiong  these  may  o«  men- 
tioned a  colossal  statue  of  ^sculapius,  eight  feet  highj  a  Bacschus,  six  feet 
high ;  a  statue  of  a  female^  between  four  and  live  feet  higli ;  a  statuette  of  a  female 
strangling  a  lion,  supposed  to  be  of  Diana;  and  upwards  of  twelve  heads  of  various 
si^ea,  among  tliem  one  life-size  of  Mmerva,  most  exquisitely  scuJptured,  and  in  an 
excellent  state  of  preservation  ;  the  face  is  of  a  beautiful  contour,  witliont  a  single 
blemish,  the  projecting  peak  of  the  helmet,  slightly  broken  in  falling  off  its  original 
pedeat&l,  havmg  probably  saved  it  from  injury.  With  the  exception  of  Bacchus* 
which  wa»  found  in  a  temple  by  itself,  all  these  remains  of  ancient  splendour  wef« 
dug  out  of  the  ruins  of  the  Temple  of  ^sculapius,  and  the  whole  of  them  are  of 
pure  white  marble.  On  account  of  the  total  absence  of  roads,  and  the  hilly  nature 
of  the  country,  great  difficulty  was  experienced  in  carrying  these  objects  to  thfi 
coast  for  embarkation,  though  the  distance  in  a  direct  line  is  only  fourteen  miles. 
The  weightier  marbles  were  placed  on  two  artillery  waggons,  sent  from  Malta  for 
the  purpose,  and  dragged  to  the  place  of  embarkation  by  thirty  two  sailors  of 
Her  Majesty's  gunboat  "Assurance,"^  and  seven  of  Lieut^^uaut  Smith's  native 
labourers.  The  excavation  of  the  ruins  of  a  third  and  very  targe  temple  has 
jusi  been  commenced,  and  Lteutenanta  Smith  and  Porcher  entertam  great  hopea 
of  furtlier  valuable  discoveries  being  made. 


18G1.] 


#rismal   Bottiinnitsj. 


WILLS  AHD  IKYENTORLES,  CORK,  temp.  ELLSABETH. 

m, 

"WILL  OF  GEORGE  GALWEY  FITZ  EDWARDE,  op  CORCK,  Alb', 

tiiovED  April  Zih  1579. 

In  the  name  of  the  Fatlier,  Son,  and  Holy  Gbost.     I,  George  Galwey  fitu 

Edwaiide,  of  Corcke,  Alderman,  do  make  my  Inat  will,  my  body  to  be  buried  txi 

St  Knthcrines  Chappel,  in  mj  parish  church  of  St.  Peters  within  Corke.     I  do 

make  myne  eldest  sonn  John  my  heir,  and  do  leave  to  mjno  wyfc  Johiuin©  Walter 

the  two  houses  wherein  I  dwell,  dureiug  her  beiuf^  a  widdowe^  rem*  to  said  heir, 

rem'  to  David  my  second  youngest  sonn.     Item  to  said  David  all  such  lands,  &c., 

m  I  hare  of  Joba  Galwey  fitz  Walter,  and  of  Tliomas  ^rcrrough,  save  that  mj 

ostcr  brt)t]ier  Walter  Morrough  shall,  during  his  life,  hiive  the  house  where  ho 

Dw  dwells  without  pay,  said  David  to  pay  said  Walter  xln.  To  my  eldest  daughter 

pttthcrine  for  maryadgc  goods  iii.  score  pounds*     To  my  second  daughter  Eliyco 

To  my  tliird  daughter  Ellen  xl/i.    To  my  aister  Genet  xx.  nobles.    My  sons, 

|WyfO|  and  brother  Geffrey  to  be  my  executors,    I  do  release  Geoffrey  Galwey  all 

be  owes  me,  and  my  brother  Patrick  for  good  serrice.     Item  to  my  sisters  by 

G&theriae  Bidddy  xk 

^WILL  OF  WILLIAM  GALWEY.  of  COECK,  Ald%  proved  Jult  20,  16  81. 

In  Dei  nomine  Amen,  I,  William  Galwey,  of  Corcke,  Alderman,  do  this 
,  XX.  Feb.,  xxiL  Eliz.,  make  my  laste  will,  my  boddy  to  be  buried  in  Christ's  Church, 
rith  my  father  and  first  wiffe  Mrugeret  Gould,  my  heir  to  pay  to  the  prists  of  said 
'  churcli  yearely  y^.  To  my  young  children  George  and  Artoure,  the  foure  parks 
by  the  greene  which  Richard  and  John  Shanighaine  holdeth  of  nic  for  years,  the 
great  parke  and  the  smalle  parke  to  George  and  thother  two  to  Artoure,  rem'  to 
survivor,  and  the  profile  during  thcirc  minoritie  sbal  be  devided  between  them 
and  my  towe  yonge  doghtcrs  Eline  and  Austas.  Also  said  George  and  Artoure  to 
pay  my  said  daughters  xx/t,  to  help  them  to  marry.  Item,  the  use  of  my  house 
and  orchard  to  my  wife  and  heir  during  his  miuoritiei  and  so  she  rctDftine 
widdowe. 

JWlLL  OF  ANDREWE  GALWEY  %  of  CORCKE,  Ali>",  proved  Feb.  9,  1580, 

In  the  name  of  God,  and  of  his  holy  blessed  mother  Mary,  and  all  the  company 
Heaven,  I,  Ajidhew  Galwey,  of  Corcke,  Aid",  bcinge  weakc  of  boddy,  yet 
ound  of  mynde  and  reason,  God  be  praised,  considering  that  the  end  of  lyfe  ia 
.  creattirea  is  deathe,  and  that  cveric  Christian  man  ought  to  be  in  a  readtnes  to 


*  The  descendant  of  this  testator,  by  hii  will  dated  in  1642,  styling  himself  Walter 

lOslway  iit£  John,  of  Cork«  gent.,  entaiU  Lottagbmore  snccessively  on  his  mmn  John, 

Indrew,  Patrick,  Fraocia,  and  David,  and  bis  cousin  Oeflrey  Galwey  Jlta  ratt  ick,  and 

ifler  tbem  to  the  nses  in  the  will  of  bis  greut- grand fsther  Andrew  Galwey  dccciused: 

^Uiis  is  the  will  which  wo  have  given  in  tlie  text*     Lotlaghmore  abovu-mciationud  slg- 

OiHT.  MAa.  Vol.  CCXl.  1  i 


256  Ongmml  DotmmemU.  [Sept. 

mopaw  ^iwwwtf  thBrBnntD.  do  mikf  sit  hgbt  iriH,  xriiL  Xor^  xxiiL  ELiz.  Fixst^ 
I  bequcoh  nr  soul  Id  Almifditie  God.  lo  hk  bkaaed  mcniita-  Mux.  and  lo  iC  liie 
compurr  of  hearen :  and  nix  bodr  to  be  fanziiad  h.  ane  crare  wilii  idt  Booonid  writ 
Catlienne  Boc^%  in  tbe  fduamSaT  of  bit  paziah  cdmnii  of  Sainftif  Peien.  I  leaw 
WT  fildest  BODB  Waher  tbr  jwiiii*^jM>11  meamadfT  iriieron  1  dveU  in  Itnncarviai 
•nburbF  of  Garcke,  abo  "dkr  xirvc  ovfotifawir  in  tbe  oixxx  of  Caroke.  and  ail  ibe 
iasib  eaut  of  ii  to  tbr  QiiBBiiBi  iraDt :  abo  tbe  tcnme  and  lands  of  BalkniooebJe 
al  s  Pwikaian.  aibo  Gan  na  Skebr  in  tbe  tenenkem  of  Fidrr,  aiao  ibe  casik,  toime 
and  iand»  of  GHlell  !Qiame  and  Fanan  £cbe  in  BcFir^la&,  ako  tbe  cusut^  t^  of 
<2fanT  GLqb^  tbe  flHtall  and  lands  of  BaHhr&driL  aiao  bit  part  of  ibe  lands  of 
tnockammiPUcbiDT  oanL  xr.  acrea.  ako  tbe  BKBtecad^  I  bave  on  ^iw^finm  Casteil 
Mm  Oank,  ibe  lovn  aad  lands  <£  Liwaaq^  one  iikniililand  in  BaliT-Edmonde^ 
■If  ime  of  tbe  tovue  and  lands  of  Balhru£»ll  in  Banr-Mcovs  eonmavT,  a3 
the  meas'.  wad  aernoBi^  fe,  Tbiidk  I  bavc  in  tbe  unnei  cf  YoogbaA,  Kinsaje 

mmA  ramaHpAy^  M>d  rW  ^g  g^TAm  in  t^  tomwmMT  rf  ft  JpAm  Riftkt^  bBaomlLg 

the  csGLoe  of  Carcke.  Iiem  to  aaid  Wahcr  anr  brg^  tfanfHnge  oapp  of  siKier  plx^ 
"^J  ^?^  <^^i^ip  ^  bI'v^bt.  BIT  pxaaan  ssihe  of  aiiTer  pise;  inth  bis  cow  ind  srkcr 
«VB^  a  pov-ORr  peir  aDver,  bit  hea  dnaoa  of  apoviies^  nor  bcsx  sixnen  of  ^de» 
pvQa  viiii  jurne  ovse  cs«8»  akoe  tbe  bogpea:  bnaea  paan  in  ilt  bonae.  To 
baiv  to  Httd  Wabcr  Skd  Ibs  bedra  vaiea.  Rem^  to  bit  seeond  ao^  I^xncLe, 
ittB*  vo  BIT  liiird  Mon  Sosdorde;  i;pQB  caaSaoDn  be  be  act  eaored  im  jcbtexm  or 
keoooK  a  jatm^  if  lo  lo  mere  no  benefit  from  said  icoa^  bai  aaid  oaaua^  ie,  to 
BBBDOsn  Tx>  BT  fiMUib  aoon  Cbritt9$jber;  rem'  to  aj  is&k  aoia  Jfiia.  ven*  to  nj 
aonnes  FimncK,  DoDTiiirke  and  Sccfiben:  and  if  said  aaiiBs  sbcnja  Li^faen  lo  dfe; 
Rnt'  ti  ITT  trcciies-  JaiD%.  rrs'  tD  RariLiEiac  G.  aooa  and  bar  of  HHiiaiB  late  de- 
eeaaei.  ma'  to  Gcorre  G  's  ci^Iiires  icak.  Iicm  :<>  st  aeircmd  scilz  tbe  neve 
koDse  kl^fatietf  CcraLfe^aseaniadfe  in  St.  LaxRSMie '  ponsland  a  BKETye 
in  Siban^^tt,  m?  itt  aeocinie  iOLSe  of  sJrcr,  viti  a  taster  c/  sd}Ter  xader  tiis 
,  3i  tie  Brdi((ac«.  aiii  a  r^  rag  whtretL  iaest  is  a  bueve  stcae.  and 


s^ 


tkree  s^Tcr  ^xooes.  bra  t:-  irj  liirie  soKa  tbe  cms  oeasuiee  nist  Cash^ 
line  Mrt^yt,  wi&iTwt.  iwtuiRh  besjie  t^  ker.  Jbac^  ibe  lawmt  aai  Isais  of 
Com&'jft  a£s  RvIJTaicQcvTT,  TiJeL  I  iare  in  BiriAice  of  iSe  L^  BmriBoec,  oa£ 
fkn^psjaed  m  Bkbardstoe  aai  BaHisrin  in  EinraGfct  cc«bSit.  so  be  be  not 
CBtred  oa  ml^na,  kec^  a&so  ihe  hLggtszt  ftifis  poee  of  sEivr  I  kave.  nader  aforesaSd 
■arke^  visk  oker  tvo  sganiSg  gobbueca^  a  goikie  li:^  vEii  a  wki^e  suioc;  aed 


(  znmt  L«icacb,  (mm  vrista  Lata,)  aad  a  Aminm^*  vtZI  vTctan  Lwocaek.  Tbe 
w«il  part  of  tbe  iaad  is  called  Locabec;  or  Unie  Lola.  Tba»  bads  i 
kaadtooae  tfwMmtfm  orcfkaapa^  the  riiw  Lee,  iiatlag  toaae  of  ita  ] 
■catiL  Tbqr  arc  fCcZI  port  of  tbe  oeafee  cf  tifee  Galvcrs..  vbo  bovrrer  baT«  no 
raaiii  im  kcre.  Tbe  priacipaZ  mammca  wai  kn^  'Xctspud  hj  tbe  £uuIt  of  Roigcn* 
vfco  bild  is  by  kaM»  bat  tbcir  peopotr  «m  latelj  darpowd  of  in  tbt  Eaeanbttvd 
Eatasci  Cosrt.  TVe  abcre  viZk  pPTre  that  tke  pciii^ree  of  Gatwj  for  tke  period  to 
wbfak  they  wiatt,  m  pdbErted  xa  Barkers  «*  Landed  Gcntrr,*  is  aitjyether  tiuneom^ 
mttrnt  f*J^K  Ear  6i  the  frmilj  bexa^  fabrtxtatcd. 

•  Caihcriae  BnebewMdao^tcr  of  James  Roebe  of  Cork^AUerBKL  Sbe  bad  two 
iirt«n»  Aaaa»  raarriiif  to  ^ienege  Skaddr  of  Cork,  AlubiMiii,  and  %niCai,ra  aaarried  to 
GtraidCWMleoftbeaaBe^BcvdHBtfi.  (Orig.  MSSw  pceca  ae  B.  C> 

<  £1. 1  sanam^s  Cbaprf  wm  aeartbe  aoath  gate  of  tbe  dtr,  aiS«eeat  to  tbeeatraace 
to  BaBBi«k  aod  C'ra^r^w^s  brewery. 


1861.]         mih  and  Inventories,  Ccrk,  temp,  Elizabeth.  259 

three  silrer  spoones.  Item  to  mj  fourth  soim  a  uewe  meaaundjare  id  Dunf^nvan 
auborhea  of  Oorcke,  &cr.,  also  the  towns,  &c.»  of  Bro\nicstone»  Knockyren,  and  the 
laads  of  Carreggine  within  the  fraunchcs  of  Corcke,  my  parte  of  the  Ijtlc  nT>  11 
jojaiiige  St.  Fraacii**  churchejard  ui  Shandon,  also  a  graven  pice  under  said 
marke^  a  stand  in  ge  gobblette  and  his  cover,  that  my  son  Walter  brought  out  of 
Eiiglande,  a  gold  ring  graven  with  a  red  face,  a  aalte  of  silver  gilte,  with  the 
cover  which  I  have  in  pledge  of  my  ncphewe  William  G,  Item  to  my  fyfth  souu 
a  ncwe  bouse  in  Bitngarwan,  &cc.,  one  ploughland  in  Cnockjcarigbane,  all  the 
lands  in  KilvoUane  and  Ballyliiarouan  tn  Barrymore  U  contrey,  my  seconde  )>est 
flail  silver  pice,  and  the  cruse  of  silver  under  said  marke,  three  spoones  of  aiiver 
with  a  gold  ring  with  a  white  perle  in  same.  Item  to  my  sixth  sonn  two  stone 
houses  in  Dungarvane,  &cc.,  also  thothcr  flatt  pice  of  aiiver,  three  spouncs  of  silver, 
and  a  hoope  of  gold  made  in  a  ring  three  hoopes  togather.  Item  to  my  sevcuih 
sonn  a  stone  house  in  Corckei  a  little  castell  and  garden  in  Shandon,  &cc.,  a  graven 
pice  under  my  father's  marke — the  black-nott  covered  with  silver,  three  silver 
spownes,  with  a  gold  ring  wheria  is  a  hiewc  stone  omayle.  Item  to  myne  eight 
sonn  another  atone  house  in  Duugarwan,  &cc,,  the  graven  pice  with  a  branche  in 
his  myddle,  and  the  siJvcr  nott  which  I  have  in  pledge  of  James  Eouaix  for  iv/r, 
and  three  silver  spoones.  Item  said  heircs  shall  finde  upon  their  proper  costs  three 
priat^  or  cliapplens,  two  to  serve  in  St,  Peter's  Church  where  ray  buryall  is^  and 
the  third  in  Christ  Chnrch,  said  prestes  to  receive  their  yearly  stipcnde  upon  the 
profitts  of  said  lands.  Item  to  Petcr*s  Church  towards  the  reparacion  iii/i.,  alv»o 
to  said  church  the  vestments,  ooope,  with  the  two  tunycles  of  velvelt  I  have,  and 
to  the  reparation  of  the  poore  men  s  house  xiiiJi.  \vd.  Item  to  Christ  Church  to* 
wards  the  reparation  nli.  vU.  yiM.,  to  the  chauntery  of  said  church  xiii*.  iv^f. 
Item  to  St.  Barry es  Church  vi*.  viiirf.  To  the  Holy  Roodc  Cbappell"  iii*.  To 
St.  Stephen's  Church'  iii*.  To  St.  Clement's  Church  iil*.  To  our  Lady  Church  lilt. 
Item  tliat  my  executors  shnll  pay  towards  the  building  of  evcrie  church  that  hhaW 
be  builded  in  the  Byshopricke  of  Corckc  iiij.,  or  the  viduc  in  yron.  Also  that  my 
eiocutors  shall  give  to  the  poor  people  of  this  cittie  within  one  moncth  after  my 
decesse  the  value  of  xU.  of  frise  in  the  honor  of  God,  and  for  almes  t^  be  worren 


*  "May,  1700,  St.  Francis  Ahbiy,  on  the  north  side  of  the  Lee,  in  the  north  suh- 
nrbs  of  Cork.  The  site  of  It  contfims  n  few  gardens  on  the  sld^^  of  the  hill,  near  the 
Abbey.  It  b  the  estate  of  Lord  Orrery,  Ac.  In  King  Jrtmes*s  time  a  new  chapel  wuh 
built  by  the  Frinrs  on  part  of  the  abbey*  but  not  where  tjie  former  chapel  stood* 
Borne  Friars  living  there  in  the  time  of  the  eiege,  [Sept.  1690,]  the  abbey  with  tlie 
T  wt  of  the  8ubur1>4  wiw  burnt :  n  good  strong  steepio  remains  standing.  The  chapel 
llmt  w>is  hitely  built,  Viavlng  been  burnt  with  the  abbey,  was  repaired  by  Mr.Moiri« 
son,  a  merchant,  and  is  now  nsed  by  him  as  a  warehonae,**— JSwAo/)  Downt^s  MS. 
JattmaL  This  abbey  was  fimnded,  aooordiDg  to  Ware,  in  12 14).  **  In  the  chapel  of 
thif  plaoe  the  late  King  James  heard  mass  in  March,  1688  [1688-9]»  being  supported 
through  thiJ  streets  of  the  city  by  two  Franoi^can  Fryars." — Smiih,  Not  a  vcatige  of 
It  now  reniainB. 

•  The  Holy  Rotxh  or  church  of  St.  Mary  de  Nard,  itood  on  the  eentre  of  the  groond 
now  i^eiipied  by  EHzabcth^s  fort.  By  an  act  passiMl  in  the  year  1751,  these  ancient 
pariahcs  were  united  to  the  pariBh  of  St. Kicbolas  forever,  and  now  form  the  corps 
of  tlie  fh»DC5eUf>r»hip  of  the  cathedral. 

(  "  St.  Sl«phen'B  Church  stood  where  Worth's  Blew  Co&t  JJospitsl  now  staoda ;  the 
Bnuth  suit*  of  the  hoiipitid  court  wall  stunds  upon  the  foundation  of  the  north  iide 
Of  thf  chart h.'*—J5^,  JJotcnt't  MS,  JiHtmaL 


260  Original  Documents.  [Sept. 

for  my  soule  and  my  friends.    Item  that  my  other  children  be  brought  up  in 
learning  and  in  course  of  merchandise,  &c. 

LfVENTORiE.  —  vi.  tonnes  of  yron,  iii.  hundreth  batrye,  ii.  hogsetts  allyine, 
ii.  hundred  hoppes,  xii.  tonnes  of  salte,  a  laste  of  bids  lyttle  more  or  less, 
vi.  pounds  sylke,  a  pice  of  broade  doathe  in  collors  conteynninge  xxx.  yards, 
▼i.  duzen  wollen  cards,  ii.  barrells  of  orchall,  halfe  a  grose  of  knyves  with  other 
small  wares,  as  hatts,  cappes,  and  other  thryfles  amonge  my  shopp,  ii.  tonnes  of 
wyne,  also  xl.  sheepe  and  xii.  kyne. 

WILL  OP  WILLIAM  GALWEY  FITZ  JEFFRY,  proved  April  12, 1582. 
In  Dei  nomine  Amen.  Ego  Willielmus  Galwey  fitz  Galfridi,  de  Kinsale, 
condo  testamentum  meum,  commendo  animam  meam  Deo  patri  omnipotenti,  cor- 
pusque  meum  terrse  et  vermibus,  sepeliendum  in  ecclesia  de  Kinsale,  in  loco» 
majorum.  Constituo  filium  meum  Galfridum  meum  heredem,  et  lego  eidem  G. 
principale  meum  messuagium  in  Kinsale,  tres  carrucat^  terrse  Antiquse  CurisD  in 
dominio  Cricurhaghe  et  molcndinum  aquaticum,  tributum  piscis,  vulgariter  nonii- 
natum  See-fishe,  in  Kinsale,  villam  de  Ballincobum,  tertiara  partem  terrae  de  Crock 
intus  et  foris,  tabemam  novam  quam  Mauricius  Coursie  erexit  et  duas  parcas 
terra;  juxta  Nichols-gate,  olim  nuncupatum  cunicularium  magistri  Galwey,  Haben- 
dum, &c.,  eidem  G.  et  h.  m.,  rem^  Jacobo  secundo  filio  meo  et  h.  m.,  rem*  Kicardo 
tercio  filio  meo  et  h.  m.,  &c.  Item  lego  eidem  G.  cyphum  sculptum  argenteum, 
Anglic^,  A  graven  cupp,  et  salsarium  argenteum  et  duodecim  cochlearia  argentea, 
et  parvum  cyphum  argenteum,  vocatum  a  tastor,  et  lego  illi  omnia  suppelectilia 
domus  mes,  et  lego  unam  magnam  patenam,  aptam  ad  servitiam  faciendam  filio 
meo  Jacobo.  Item  lego  G.  duos  cyphos,  comuniter  vocatos  Macers,  quorum  unum 
Willielmus  Baies  habet  in  pignore  duorura  coriorum  bovilium,  et  alterum  est  in 
pignore  decem  solidorum,  et  alterum  cyphum,  vocatum  a  standing  cupp,  sicut  ex- 
presse  ponitur  in  obligatione  facta  inter  me  et  Jacobum  filium  Johannis  Galwey, 
et  eidem  signetum  meum  aureum.  Et  lego  eidem  scapham  meam  piscatoriam, 
vocatam  a  pinac,  cum  suis  vestimentis  et  piscandis  instrumentis,  et  cum  retibus 
omnibus,  et  cimbam  meam  latam,  communiter  vocatam  a  licterS  et  omnes  seuos 

»  The  Galwey 8  were  interred  in  a  small  transept  called  "Oalwey's  Isle,"  in  the 
parish  church  of  Kinsale,  which  still  contains  a  very  beautiful  window  in  the  Norman 
style,  and  other  rich  decorations.  The  right,  however,  of  the  Galwey  family  to  this 
"  Isle"  seems  to  have  been  disregarded  by  the  Vicar  and  Church  wardens  in  the  middle 
of  the  last  century,  as  appears  by  the  following  item  from  the  parish  vestry -book, 
kindly  supplied  by  the  Rev.  I.  W.  Hopkins,  the  present  Vicar : — 

"  1748.  And  it  is  also  hereby  agreed  upon,  that  the  '  South  Isle,'  commonly  called 
'  Galwey's  Isle,'  be  for  ever  appropriated  to  the  use  of  a  vestry-room  and  catechetical 
school,  which  shall  be  enclosed,  and  scats  shall  be  built  in  the  same,  to  receive  the 
young  people  of  the  parish  during  their  examination  by  the  minister  and  his  curate, 
and  the  sum  of  forty  pounds  shall  be  levied  for  the  furnishing  the  same  by  subscrip- 
tion ;  and  if  any  part  of  the  said  sum  shall  not  be  raised  by  subscription,  the  deficiency 
■hall  be  raised  by  rate  on  the  parish,  or  by  such  other  ways  and  means  as  shall  seem  to 
the  minister,  churchwardens,  and  parishioners  most  effectual  and  least  burdensome 
to  the  parish. 

"BtrETOKPABiONSOK,  Vicar,  "Thob.  BETmrr,     1^,   ,,     „ 

"  Moses  Stewaed,/  ^^  "^  ^"^ 

A  similar  item  occurs  in  the  year  1772 ;  fortunately  these  recommendations  were 
never  acted  on,  or  the  **  Galwey  Isle"  would  doubtless  have  shared  the  barbarous  dese- 
cration which  this  curious  church,  almost  unique  in  its  architectural  features,  suffered 
some  years  ago  when  being  restored  by  some  country  surveyor  or  mason. 


1861.]        TFilh  and  Inventorki^  Cork,  temp.  Elizabeth. 


261 


m<ws.  Item  volo  quod  mcus  htres  et  ejus  snccpssores  ministrcnt  saccrdoiibtis, 
clericis,  ct  pauperihus  xiiw.  v'lnd,,  flnnfttim  in  fiituniro,  dimidium  ad  qiiodlihct 
fcstum  defimctorum,  et  alitid  dimidium  ad  fjuemlibet  diem  per  rastcves  per  equules 
portlones,  et  etiam  mantaneant  domum  pfttiperom,  quoties  opus  fuerit.  Item  lego 
aecnndo  Alio  meo  Jacobo,  curiam,  appclktam  Curiam  Maestri  Galwej  in  Kinsalfii 
et  hortiim  jacentcm  in  fossa  jtj\ta  ninros,  inter  portam  fralnim  et  portam  Cork, 
vocatum  Garrincgeokane  ft  Le*^oille,  ct  casteilum  r\y  Cowg  quod  habeo  a  Mapjistro 
Gulwej  per  indcnturara,  et  unam  carucatara  tcrrjc  vocatara  BolUvajififfie  in  tcne- 
xnento  dc  Riucorran,  et  portum  vocatum  Oister-haven^  cum  sua  libertate,  quern 
habeo  in  pignore,  5:cc.  Item  magnum  cjpUum  argeuteum,  quod  Ricardns  Coursy 
quoudam  habuit.  Item  quod  Jacubus  ct  hercdes  dividaut  paupcribus  annatim 
tU.  vmd.  Item  lego  tercto  Mio  E  ieardo  mess uagi urn,  oUm  Johannis  Corsb,  et 
Ubcniam  parvam  jacentem  in  via  qua  itur  ad  Ecclesiam,  et  nuum  bortum  juxta 
Nicbols-gate,  &c*  Item  quod  d ictus  liioardus  distribuat  paupcribus  et  »acef- 
dotibus  annatim  vi*.  y\nd, 

Lkgaciks.— Inprimis  lego  ad  reparationem  et  ediflcationem  Ecclcsiie  de  Kinsale 
annatim  wf.  Item  funerali  servicio,  clcmosimr,  H  Vicario  ejusdcm  tjt.  viii/jf. 
Domino  Tkomte  Mojran  prcsbitenj  in  Ctjrk  x*.,  et  llectori  Ecclesise  dc  Kinsalc  yit. 
Hoc  excepto  quod  lego  uxori  mea;  Anastaciae  Corsj,  omnia  messuagia,  &c.,  in 
Kinsalo  et  alibi  in  Com-Cork,  durante  Tiduitate  sua,  It^m  m&ndo  sub  pteua 
patertiffi  inaledictionia  incurrcndfe,  distincte.  prineipro  (iUis  meis  univcrsia  et  ain- 
gnlU,  ut  in  omnibus  justis,  licitis  et  houcBtis,  obediant  et  pateaut  matri  sua:,  sine 
jurgto,  durante  vita  ana,  et  illi  maximo  bouore  maximaqiie  reverentia  afficiant,  sicut 
filios  decet^  et  nil  contra  ejus  voluntatem  agere  nitantur,  ut  sic  precepta  divina 
flcrvantej^,  sint  longevi  super  terram,  et  etcmam  beatiLudiuem  consequi  valeant, 
quam  illis  eouccdere  dignaret  Altissiiuus.  Amen.  Item  facio  Dominum  Geraldum 
Coraie  Barouem  et  Dominum  de  Orioruesatgh,  Jacobum  Ronan,  et  Wiilielmum 
Eoobe  de  Cork,  burgenccs,  defensores  et  tutores  filiorum  meorum. 

WILL  OP  GENET  GxlLWEY,  proved  June  22,  1582. 
L'*  Uei  nomine  Amen.  I,  Grnet  Galwet,  widdowe,  Ute  wyfe  unto  John  Golde 
fit*  Bdmonde  of  Corke,  AIdcnnan»  of  good  memorie,  in  my  si  eke  bed,  labouringc 
ftnd  dra^ng  towards  death  natiirall,  do  nmkc  my  laste  will,  9  June,  ]  582,  my  body 
to  be  buried  (if  possible)  with  my  husband.  I  urdaiue  my  brcthcrne  Edmonde  filz 
Edmondc  Tyrry,  and  Christopher  Galvvey  fitz  Andre  we  ^  my  executors.  To  my 
fosti?r-falher.  mother  au<l  staters,  xx/i  between  them.  To  my  said  brethren  all  luj 
goldc.  Item  tbut  such  pawnes  or  brasse  which  is  in  kepinge  with  my  bruther 
Glmatopbcr  Galwey,  be  devided  amongst  my  young  brethren, 

WILL  OF  CHRISTOPHER  GALWEY,  op  CORK,  Aldermaji,  Pfto\'ED 
Sept.  12,  1582. 

In  the  name  of  God,  Amen,  I,  CHRisTOPTfEii  Galwey,  of  Cork,  Alderman,  do 
make  my  laaft  will  xxi  day  of  July  15S2,  my  body  to  be  buried  with  my  father  and 
mother  in  St.  Peeter'a  Church  witliin  Cork.  I  leave  towards  reparation  of  same 
church  ixxjr,,  so  much  more  with  Christ  Church,  towards  the  building;  to  St,  Bar- 
rios Chorch  by  Cork  ts.  Yvid. ;  to  the  Holly-rood  im. ;  to  S'  Thomas  Moyrane, 


^  A  lighter. 

'  An  inlet  of  the  sea  near  Kinnale.  "  The  ftsbery,  ouatoma,  and  harbour  or  creek 
of  OyBt4?r-hftvon,  were  granted  to  Philip  Barry  oge.  ooinmonly  called  Lord  Barry  of 
K>rud.^'n,  h\'  puttut  from  Queeu  Mwy." — Browne  MSiS, 


262  Original  Documents.  [Sept. 

pn'cst,  iii*.,  in  remembrance  of  me ;  to  S'  Percywall  White,  priest,  and  &  Michell 
Eoche,  jiriest,  iii«.  each ;  to  the  Viccar  I'yrry  xxs.  I  do  make  my  brother  John 
my  heir,  and  bequeath  to  him  the  lands  I  purchased  of  David  Tyrry,  viccar,  also 
my  part  of  Rosta  in  Barrymores  contrey,  &c.  To  my  brother  Francis  the  lands, 
&c.,  of  Bownenygawle,  in  the  great  Island,  also  the  lands  of  Drohidsynaghe,  which 
I  purchased  of  Nicholas  Tyrry,  &c.  To  my  brother  Domynick  the  ploughland 
called  Cwyleregwyh,  which  I  hold  in  mortgage  of  Lord  Cursie.  To  my  brother 
Stephen  the  ploughland  of  Tworahigobane,  which  I  purchased  of  David  fitz  Ed- 
mond  Barry,  also  the  part  belonging  to  John  Galwey  of  Brownestowne.  To  my 
daughter  Anstace  a  ploughland  called  Carrigane  ny  graune,  and  another  called 
Bally vody,  which  I  hold  in  mortgage  of  xvi/i.  of  John  fitz  Edmond  oge  Hodnett  •', 
also  such  part  of  Knockyrea  as  is  the  right  of  my  father  and  mother,  to  have  during 
her  life,  and  after  said  part  of  Knockyrea  to  my  brother  Prancis.  To  my  wife 
Juiyan  Sarsfild  the  ploughland  in  Raheygobbane  during  her  life,  rem'  to  my 
daughter  Anstace.  To  my  brother  Edmond  Tyrry  my  part  of  Carrigyns  near 
Cork,  &c.  Item  I  release  my  father-in-law  Edmond  Sarsfield  the  mortgage  of  ix/i. 
I  had  uppon  one  of  his  gardens.  To  my  foster-brother  William  Kynt  the  town, 
&c.,  of  Ballynvourdony  in  Barretts  countrey,  which  I  have  in  mortgage  of  x/i.  To 
John  fitz  Edmond  oge  Hodnett,  the  mort^ige  I  have  uppon  Bally-ny-crussy  from 
said  John.  My  other  legacies.  To  myne  ant  Anstas  Roche  xxx«.  To  my  foster- 
mother  Margaret  Collane  xxs.  To  my  wife  a  silver  salt.  To  my  brother  Edmond 
Tyrry  three  s'dver  cupps.  To  Patrick  Gk>ld  my  signet  of  gold.  To  my  daughter 
Anstas  all  the  Jewells  within  a  small  bladder  in  my  smale  chest,  also  two  crosses  of 
gold  in  a  little  white  bladder,  and  my  mother's  big  coife. 

Invintorib. — Three  lasts  of  cowehides,  lackyng  fy ve  hides,  a  tonn  of  iron,  a 
tonn  of  salt,  one  barrell  of  aleim,  fyve  hogdbieads  of  white  wyne,  ten  hogsheads  of 
wheate,  thre  hogsheads  of  Rye,  and  in  gold  twentie  pounds,  and  in  reddy  money 
xxiv/i. 

Pledges.— From  David  Barryes  wife  a  silver  cupp,  in  pawn  of  iii/i. ;  from 
Patrick  Gold  fitz  Qold  a  silver  cupp,  in  pawn  of  xU. ;  a  silver  cupp  belonging  to 
John  oge  Hodnet,  which  oweth  nothing ;  a  goblett  for  aquavita  belonging  to  my- 
self, a  goblett  with  his  cover  which  my  father  left  with  me,  a  great  silver  salt  I 
have  in  pledg  from  M'  Galwey,  a  bigg  silver  cupp  I  bought  of  Alexander  Gogh. 

Pledges  I  deltvered  in  pawn. — To  Ballive  Creaghe  a  silver  cupp,  to  Joan 
Watter  a  goblett  pertaining  to  Andrew  Skiddy.  Walter  Coppinger  hath  the  cover 
of  my  small  cnpp  in  pawne  for  three  yards  of  bayes.  John  Watters  hath  the 
bottom  of  Andrew  Skiddy  is  cnpp  in  pawne  of  vis.  Ymd.  old  money. 

^  The  Hodnets  were  formerly  a  powerful  sept,  and  proprietors  of  the  Great  Island 
in  the  barony  of  Banymore,  which  was  wrested  from  them  by  the  Barries.  The  con- 
dition of  the  following  mortgage  of  Hodnett's  Wood,  at  this  period,  is  highly  curious : 
— "  Sciant,  &c,,  quod  ego  Edmondus  Hodnet  mesa  nationis  capitaneus  de  Castro  de 
Belvellie  in  Magna  Insnla,  in  dominio  Barry-more,  dedi  Geraldo  fits  WilUelmi  juvenis 
mac  Coter,  de  predicta  insula,  unam  camo'  nnncupat'  Hodneis  Wood,  &&,  qniquidem 
came*  jacet  a  Ballyncorrig  ex  parte  orient',  usque  ad  mare  ex  parte  Occident'  atque 
a  Bally-ny-cmssy  et  Burgesshe  ex  parte  anst',  usque  ad  terram  Castri  de  Bellvelie  ex 
parte  boreal!.  Hend',  &c,  sub  conditione  sequenti  quod  quocunque  ego  E.  H.  htd*, 
&c.,  Bolverint  sexdecim  bonas  vaccas  lactiferas,  sex  boves  caballos,  vig^ti  quatuor  ovoa 
•t  etiam  a  brassen  pan  valentes  quinquaginta  trcs  solidos  et  quatuor  denarios,  quod 
deinceps  lioeat  mihi  £.  H.  hed*,  &c.,  intrare  et  hMbero.  Dat'  sexto  die  Augusti,  1573." 
— (Grig,  penes  me  B.  C.) 


1861.] 


ISuttquartan  nn'H  S^ttctai's  £utclUsntcci'. 


l^CftrreMpandentit  are  reqtietted  to  tipp&Hd  their  AddretMt,  Mf>^  unless  agreeable ^  fot 
pu^icaiioth  btU  In  ord^r  that  a  cop^  q/  the  QB3rTLIliAN*d  MAOAZUffi  coHtaimng 
their  OammmmieaUtm*  majf  be  forwarded  to  ^^4^*] 


CONGRESS  OF  THE  ARCH^OLOGICAL  IKSTITUTE 
AT  rETEKBOltOUGH, 
July  23  to  July  30. 
This  Cotigrcss,  which  was  very  numerously  attended,  was  presided  over 
by  I^rd  Talbot  pe  Maxahide,  and  was  divided  tato  the  three  sectioDs  uf 
History,  Architecture,  and  Antiquities,  at  the  head  of  which  were,  re- 
spectively, the  Dean  of  Ely,  the  liev.  Lord  Alwyne  Coraplon,  and  Oclavius 
If  organ,  Esq.,  M.P.  Mainly  by  the  care  of  the  Intter  gentleman,  a  Museum 
was  fitted  up  in  the  Training  College,  of  which  the  chief  feature  was  a  large 
collection  of  Stuart  Eelice,  The  Duke  of  Buccleuch,  the  Marquisea  of 
Exeter,  Huntly,  and  Northamptou,  the  Earla  of  Spencer  and  Westmore- 
land, the  Bishops  of  Lincoln  and  Peterborough,  Lords  Herries,  Lyveden, 
and  Over  stone,  Sir  Henry  Dry  den,  Sir  George  S.  Robinson,  and  Sir  John 
TroUope,  Barta.,  the  Mayor  of  Stamford,  the  High  Bailiff  of  Peterborough, 
and  other  persona  of  local  influence,  gave  their  sanction  and  encourage- 
ment, and  many  of  them  either  exhibited  articles  in  the  Museum,  or  re- 
ceived the  various  parties  of  excuraionisls.  The  Bean  of  Peterborough 
acted  as  Chairman  of  the  Local  Committee,  the  excursions  were  ably 
directed  by  the  Rev.  Edward  Hill,  and  the  Museunci  was  in  the  charge  of 
Messrs.  Franks,  Trollope,  Tucker,  and  Way, 
IWtfl«y,  Jvfy  33.   Opejttko  MEErrsro 


AT   TB«   CoitSf    EXOHAKOI. 

OctimiM  Morgan,  Esq.,  took  the  chmir 
at  2  p.m.,  in  the  nbseoce  (through  a  rois- 
take  11  to  the  train  from  Ely)  of  the 
Prt'wifkMit,  After  the  caatomary  welcorneii, 
the  Cj}i»urmiin  called  on  the  Rev.  Tliomaa 
Jatne^  Hon,  Canon  of  Peterborooi^h^  to 
daLiTer  an  Inaugur&l  Discourse  on  the 
Archeology  of  Northaniptouiihire* 

The  Rev.  g«nt1cuiim,  premiaing  th«t  he 
inieDiile^l  to  tntike  ti^*  of  an  article  on  ILli 
mbjeet  rt'cisntty  coutritinted  by  him  to  the 
*•  Quarterly  Review/'  wid  thai,— 

*•  Northnniptofishire  lies  in  a  wedge* 
lillp  ahipr  I  fnHtiii^  fr-mt  '\tn  brgh  ground 
wilt  I'  '  Hliire  iu  a  north' 

fttiX  the  fun  country 


of  Lincolnshire  and  Cambridgeshire.  On 
the  exiretiio  end  of  the  wvd^e  they  were 
now  stMrndtng-,  at  Peterborongh,  From 
its  central  t>08a,  Naseby,  alike  itn  natnrul 
«nd  hi'*torical  Undmurlc,  nrises,  1:>eside3  the 
Avon,  its  two  rivers,  the  Welland  and  the 
Nen,  wtiich  oompoa*  the  land  till  they 
meet  at  Croyland.  At  Kaaeby  wos  loti^ht 
thit  battle  which  more  than  uny  otJier 
influenced  the  course  of  modem  Etigliih 
history.  Little  traces,  however,  tf  earlier 
tiuii's  have  b^-en  left  there,  exc<'pt  the  re« 
maiuit  of  an  un»^jtpIored  camp  in  the  neigh- 
lxrnrhriv)d  of  i>ibbcTtoft»  Perhap*  there 
are  ft  w  commanding  eminences  in  the  king- 
doin  which  do  not  War  fvidenee  of  early 
occupation  and  enlrcnchment.  Borou^jh 
Hill,  near  Daventiy,  h  the  most  remark- 
nbk'  instance  in  t>'is  county,  and  although 
every  year  is  defacing  it*  oatworlw,  it 
could  not  be  easily  surpassed  elae where  dyr 


264 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Sq>t. 


extent  and  oompleteneiB.  British  and 
Roman  remaina  have  been  gathered  there 
nde  by  ude,  and  it  teemi  to  have  been 
the  raoe-groand  of  Mid-England  from  the 
rise  of  the  sport  Ull  1805,  when  the  races 
were  cried  down,  and  the  groond  enclosed. 
Coming  down  to  the  plain,  remains  of 
Roman  occupation  are  met  with  on  erery 
nde.  The  Watling  and  Ermine  Streets 
both  cross  the  conntv,  the  first  forming 
the  sabstratnm  of  the  old  road  from  Stony 
Stratford  to  Weedon,  and  on  to  Tripon- 
tiam,  or  Dove-bridge ;  the  other  entering 
the  c^^ont}'  by  Castor,  and  branching  off 
at  TpUnC  u>  on^  direction  to  Stamford 
by  the  40-foot  way,  in  the  other  to  West 
IXeeping  by  the  Long  Dyke.  Wcldon, 
Cotterstock,  Hey  ford.  Harpole,  and  AVhit- 
tlebory  might  bie  named  fr  discoveries  of 
Roman  pavements.  The  Roman  villa  re- 
cently uncovered  at  Apethorpe  has  had 
ample  jofttioe  done  to  it  by  the  desciiptions 
and  dnwincs  of  Mr.  Trollope  in  the  Archi- 
tect nral  Society's  report  for  last  year. 
There  is  another  villa  awaiting  excavation 
on  Mr.  Stopford*s  pn^^erty,  close  to  Tbrap- 
ston.  Castor,  however,  is  the  place  in 
this  county  richest  in  Roman  remains. 
The  name,  like  the  neigbbfuring  \-illage 
of  Chefctenon,  speaks  its  Latin  origin, 
though  in  Roman  times  it  was  known  as 
Durobriw,  Some  spots  in  the  neighbour- 
hood absolately  t<em  with  potsherds. 

"  This  oonntr  contains  perhaps  the  most 
remarkable  link  in  Britain  of  the  Roman 
with  the  Saxon  period,  in  Brixworth 
Church.  There  is  no  doubt  at  all  that 
there  still  ex:ist  distinct  traces  of  two  pre- 
Xorman  periods  in  the  architecture  of  that 
tfroctnre.  Xor,  if  any  &ith  could  be 
pilaced  in  the  records  of  past  excavations, 
eonld  there  he  any  hentation  in  acknow- 
ledging a  haidlican  type  in  the  plan. 
WhKhier  any  of  the  nirting  walls  axMi 
asviie*  are  wholly  Roman,  or  have  been 
ve-bnUt  with  Roman  bricks  in  later  time, 
«oni]d  only  be  discussed  with  intercut  on 
t^  spot.  Arriving  at  the  more  i-stahUsbed 
8axoB  period,  the  inlcrett  of  the  Northamp- 
tWMJilri  h»tt«T  and  buildings  br  no  means 
feninirfiea.  fiarVs  Barton  Uiw«r  snp^ilies 
oae  ctf*  the  most  elubcrate  and  hvt  known 
WfvamBOi  at  tLat  long-nd-short  work 
viueh  he  nnct  persast  in  calling  Saxon 
vosL  Is  Wicsflring  the  dimensaans  of 
thf;  iSMXvm  fliaaeeil  art  marked  out  by  the 
»asiiiiiji  a  1^  aomliHiasi  angle,  and  there 
is  also  the  staangr  chancal-arch,  gr^t- 
teagwjy  mot;,  and  struggling  out  of  its 
ekr>iBilis  Acoiewurk,  inui  some  nntried 
lihasi  uT  being ;  whlk  at  Bamad:,  in  the 
taww-ardi,  we  have  the  iiobjesi  cxami^ 
«f  Una  myh  in  the  kii^dan,  and  a  jawii 
5 


of  the  effect  which  the  rudest  and  most 
abnormal  style  is  capable  of  prododng 
when  worked,  as  this  is,  in  strong  will 
and  fSuth.  After  being  Uocked  for  five 
centuries  this  arch  has  lately  been  opened. 
The  whole  tower  exhibits  the  singular 
transitionary  work  of  builders  paaring  for 
the  first  time  from  wood  to  stone,  and 
cutting  their  unwonted  material,  and  em- 
ploying it  rather  like  carpenters  than  ma- 
sons. When  the  floor  of  this  tower  was 
last  year  excavated  to  its  original  level,  it 
was  discovered  that  the  pointed  niche  in 
the  west  wall,  the  use  of  wluch,  as  aum- 
bry, door,  or  window,  had  puzzled  the 
learned,  was  a  central  throne  or  sedlle; 
stone  benches,  with  wooden. seats,  having 
branched  off  on  each  side,  and  extended 
to  the  north,  and  probably  sooth,  side  of 
the  interior  of  the  tower.  The  stone 
quarries  of  Bamack,  which  furnished  the 
stone  for  Ely,  Croyland,  Thome}-,  Ramsey, 
Bury  St.  Edmund's,  and  Peterborough,  are 
only  traceable  in  the  'hills  and  holei' 
which  surround  the  present  village." 

Mr.  James  then  adverted  to  the  curious 
monument  once  standing  in  the  grave- 
yard, but  now  preserved  within  the  walls 
of  the  cathedral — a  single  block  of  stone, 
ooped,  and  with  rude  sculpture,  three  feet 
high,  three  feet  long,  and  one  loot  wide, 
exactly  according  with  the  meaanrementa 
and  description  by  Ingulphns  of  the  se- 
pulchral memorial  erected  by  the  Abbot 
Godric,  of  Croyland,  over  Abbot  Hedda 
and  dghty -three  of  his  monks,  at  Medes- 
hampstead,  the  anrient  name  of  Peterbo- 
rough, in  the  year  870^  when  they  were 
alaughtercd  by  the  Daxies,  and  thdr  mo- 
nastery destroyed,  lliis  sume  is  so  alike 
in  character  to  the  Anglo-Saxon  monu- 
ments  existing  at  Hexham  and  Dewbhury, 
that  he  hoped  Mr.  Bloxam  mould  be  able 
to  asBgn  it  to  the  period  given  to  it  by 
tradition,  and  vindicate  it  from  the  ultra- 
•eepticism  which  seems  now  jiervading  all 
archaHilcigical  research,  as  the  oldest  his- 
torical Christian  monumeLt  in  England. 

Korman  hisuin  brcinght  them  to  the 
couxiiy  town  of  Xi:<rtham](ton,  with  tW 
central  figure  of  Simon  de  St.  Lix.  the 
local  hero  of  the  ]XTiod.  the  Luildtr  of 
the  castlt-K  the  reiouLdizr  of  the  town, 
and  hcnefact-co'  of  the  Chmiac  IVc^rv  uf 
&.  Andrew. 

Is  1164  Thoonas  Bedket  a}i|ieared  in 


1861.] 


ArchdBological  ImtUuiej  Peterborough, 


the  castle  for  the  Inst  time  before  the 
Council,  to  which  ho  wns  Ktimmoned  on 
hi«  rcftisrtl  to  nhfcle  by  the  Constitutions  of 
CJiiiTiiflon,  Having  appealed  solemnly 
tfi  the  Court  of  Rotnt*,  he  with<lfew.  A 
fprln^,  ttill  calleil  Becket*a  well,  marks 
the  spot  where  on  the  very  night,  accom- 
pAuietl  by  n  single  monkf  hu  stopped  to 
qnench  Ins  thirst  when  flying  disguised  to 
the  coftst  on  his  way  to  Flnnd«ra.  Three 
brnidred  years  afterwards  the  townufulk 
of  Northampton  founded  ii  ho^qtital  in 
honour  of  St.  Thomas  of  Catit^  rbiiry,  the 
rertiiiin«  of  the  chnpcl  of  whirh,  though 
the  charity  survives  in  unother  form,  is 
now  A  carpentei's  nhop. 

The  Templars,  he  believed^  htid  no  pos- 
l  MMions  in  the  county,  nnd   the  H^jsin- 

Her*  only  the  preceptory  of  Dingley ; 
Imtiti  ecmtral  position  made  Nortlmmp- 
ton  a  favourite  place  for  the  inland  gather- 
ings of  the  Crassiders,  In  the  first  year 
of  his  reign,  Richard  Ca?ur-de-Lion  inau- 
gnrafccd  i^n  assembly  nt  Pijiewell  Abbey. 
Kin^  Ji^.hn  especially  affected  the  ii ant- 
ing in  liockingham  forest,  and  lodged  at 
RockinghaiD  Castle* 

On  the  10th  of  July,  l-lfiO,  oecurred 
the  great  buttle  of  Northflmpton,  between 
the  Lancastriiins  and  the  Yorkists,  which 
giive  the  first  decided  ndvantnge  to  the 
Honse  of  York.  A  continuation  of  this 
success  eventually  pi ared  Edward  IV.  on 
the  throne,  sui!  so  gave  Northamptonshire 
the  honour  of  giving  a  queen  to  the  throne 
of  England.  Korthamptonshire  boiists 
two  of  the  Kleanor  crooies,  the  very  out^ 
posts  ns  it  were  of  the  most  perfect  style 
of  the  national  Architecture.  Much  hss 
known  than  the  Nortlmmpton  cro*s, 
though  almost  as  perfect  as  when  it  wns 
first  set  up,  is  the  simpler  nnd  smaller 
cross  of  Geddington,  He  believed  no 
mention  wan  made  of  it  in  contemporary 
documents,  bnt  its  position  is  accounted 
for  by  the  neighbourhood  of  the  King's 
pnUce  of  Geddington,  now  utterly  de- 
stroyed. In  a  hedge  row  between  Pury 
Uid  OrafV<m  park*  the  "Queen's  Oak" 
if  still  shewn  as  that  under  which  the 
bentitiftil  widow  of  Sir  John  Grey  first 
fascinsted  Edward  IV.;  altliough  Gmfton 
did  not  obtain  its  augmentatioD  of  Gr^dton 
OixT  Uaq.  Vol.  CCXL 


Reg-a  till  the  reign  of  Htnry  VI 11.,  who 
made  it  a  king^s  honour,  with  urfy-three 
manors  annexed.  After  the  divorce  of 
Queen  Katherine,  the  King  assigned  to 
her  the  castle  of  Fotheringhwy,  after- 
wards to  become  notorious  by  another 
queen's  yet  sadder  f«it^»*  Tlie  tmdition 
runs,  that  James  on  his  accession  pulled 
down  the  castle,  but  there  is  evidence  to 
shew  th)it  it  was  not  dismantled  till  after 
the  end  of  hfs  reign. 

Of  other  castles  Northauapt/»n*ihire  has 
little  to  boast.  The  site  of  that  of  North- 
atnptou»  overhanging  the  Nni,  wns  indeed 
a  fine  one,  and  tins  wiis  eiiliaiiced  by  arti- 
ficial embankments.  Iracea  of  Norman 
work  m«y  yet  be  detected  in  the  outer 
circuit  of  the  walls,  und  there  are  door- 
wsy  arehes  of  two  centtirics  Inter j  hut 
those  who  w^oiild  see  even  the-se  fragments 
of  feudal  Northampton  mu*t  make  ba?to 
and  visit  the  spot,  for  the  wte  has  just 
been  sold,  and  contemplated  villtts  aru 
already  casting  tht?ir  vile  shadows  beroro 
on  ground  which,  if  any  public  spirit 
existed  on  the  spot,  should  have  been  se- 
onred  for  a  public  promenade  and  gip*den. 
Of  Barnwell  Castle  nothing  remains  but 
the  four  bastion  towern  and  the  curtain 
walls,  forming  a  quadmngalar  enclosure. 
R*ickingham  was  a  royal  castle  from  tho 
Conquest  till  the  time  of  Henry  Vll,,  and 
a  favourite  liantinp*peat  of  English  kings. 
Portions  of  f»ld  Normmn  work  are  fre- 
quently discovered  whenever  repairs  sro 
going  on,  but  the  entrance  towers  and 
gateway  date  from  Edw.ird  I.  The  stime 
date  may  be  sssigned  to  the  doorway  of 
the  hall,  and  within  the  la.4t  few  months 
two  windows  of  the  same  early  d«te  have 
been  tlius  discovered  behind  the  modem 
panelling  of  the  diuing-ro<^m,  marking  out 
what  were  the  dimensions  of  the  former 
hall.  Tlie  eastte  was  gallantly  dcfendetl 
by  Sir  Lewis  Wation  for  King  Clmrles  I,, 
and  the  greater  part  of  the  existing  bouse 
is  of  the  next  reign. 

Drayton  Honse  is  a  semi^cast^llAtrd 
Irtii  Id  lug  of  the  fifteenth  century,  meta- 
morphosed by  late  Italitm  architecture  of 
a  fine  and  foreign  type,  so  that  it  is  difll- 
cult  exactly  to  dett^ct  its  originsl  form. 
The  celUrs  are  of  the  fourteenlJi  ceuturyt 


266 


jtrntiqamrimm  mmd  LUerary  ImtelKgtmeer. 


[Sept- 


Mu  IS  cxnlkui  coPuitWL  ^i6  nitofy 
of  lh»  home  k  told  in  ILiktoiid'i  "Ociw- 
flfegiH^"*  erwpikd  bj  the  EvI  of  Peter- 
BoruM^|ii  ma  lus  CBBpnun.  Tat  mbmi  ok 
''HftbteMT  ■  fictitionfc  ApKborpe  1m 
lomo  remuiM  tamifi^aMj  older  than  tho 
gmenl  efasnrtcr  of  the  bonae^  wlndi  ■ 
EBzahetluin.  lo  one  of  the  hedroomo  ■ 
ft  tat  driAncj-pieee  of  the  thirteenth  era- 
tor  j,  and  pert  of  the  prcaeni  kiteben  and 
ofltees  ere  of  good  early  Berpendienlar 
work-4he  haU  of  the  older  hoMe.  At 
K^orthboroa^pb  the  cbiurh  baa  a  booe- 
home  nnnlar  to  that  at  BothwelL 

After  alliidfng  to  aerersd  other  Nr.rth- 
aaiptODshtre  booaefl,  noat  ^  which  hare 
been  recently  mentioned  by  na  in  the 
nport  of  the  Northaaiptonihire  Arcfai- 
teetoral  8oeiety%  Mr.  Janws  proceeded 
to  aay  tint  tbe  atory  of  the  abbeya  of  the 
eoonty  waa  rery  aooo  told.  Ihere  waa 
the  aplendid  one  before  them,  Peter- 
bGvougfa,  not  baring  been  a  cathedral  tiU 
the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  and  there  waa 
tbe  bearing  grecnaward  whidi  marked, 
and  bat  faintly  maiiied,  the  aitea  of  aU  the 
fcat.  There  were  no  abbey  mine  in  the 
eonnty,  and  bat  few  fragmenta.  The  word 
that  went  oat  at  the  diaulntion  waa 
''Tboroogh.'^  Pipewdl  ia  barely  trace- 
ablp,  tboogh  aoaie  raloable  relica  €^  tilea 
and  gbMa  bare  been  lately  reoorered. 
Snlby  ia  repn  aented  by  a  rini^  aepolchral 
croM.  At  Fineahade  and  DeUpr^  roodtm 
booaaa  oaorp  tbe  conaecrated  gronnd.  At 
Sboaeley  aoroe  bite  excarationa  diacorered 
three  coped  croaaea.  A  torK>  of  tbe  priory 
of  Canona  Aubby  forma  tbe  preaent  chordk 
The  Saxon  nonuery  d  Weedon  ii  acarcely 
more  than  a  tradition,  and  of  St.  Kyne- 
borga'a  nunnery  at  Caator,  aa  at  Rothwell, 
Darentry,  Deene,  and  elaewhere,  only  the 
hictorical  record  remaina.  Tbe  priory  of 
Cateaby  waa,  at  tbe  diaaolotion,  under  the 
goremment  ci  one  Jojee  Beriieley,  and 
waa  recommended  for  apecial  exemption 
from  the  common  fate  on  the  ground  of 
Ha  excellent  order  and  management ;  but 
the  priory  waa  retained  on  the  black  liat. 
The  ainguUr  cabmitiea  which  hare  be- 
fallen the  poaaeaaora  of  tbia  bouae  were 


•  Omit.  Mao.,  Aag.  IMl,  pp.  16i-17L 


to  make  one  take  op  with 

of  aacrib^cu  After 
and  chnncga>  it  ia  now 
being  palkd  down,  bat  the  Decorated 
aefilia  of  the  earlier  chapel,  and  a  peat- 
BelbnnataoB  chapel  of  coriooa  arran^^e- 
ment,  woold,  he  believed,  be  preatrrcd  aa 
iv  aa  reatoratioa  would  pormit. 

Upon  the  wide  fWld  of  Xorthamp^on- 
Mn  chnrehea  he  hardly  dared  rentore. 
Kortbamptonahire  night,  he  thought,  be 
regarded  in  architectare,  aa  in  langnagr, 
alngakrly  free  from  provindatiama,  and  aa 
preaenting  general  good  typea  of  aU  the 
aCylea^  or  nthtr  gnring  tbe  best  apedmena 
of  that  continuoua  national  arebit*ctare 
which  ahewa  no  break  and  owua  no  diviaion. 
Of  the  &»xon  efaurchea  he  had  already 
apoken.    Bende  St.  Peter'a,  Xorthampton, 
he  knew  cf  no  one  of  importance  ex- 
dnairely  Norman,  tboogh  of  oourae  por- 
tiona,  and  eapedally  doorwaya  and  fonta, 
were  coutinoally  cropping  oat  from  the 
biter  atooework  with  which  they  bare  been 
overkud.    It  ia  along  tbe  banka  of  the 
Ken  that  our  best  cburdiea  He.    Whiaton, 
with  ita  abort  diancd,  emblematic  of  iu 
date,  the  rery  year  of  tbe  Befurmation ; 
HUing,  with  ita  earlier  font  and  cnriooa 
inaeription;    pictareaqoe    Caatie  AUiby; 
Orendon,  well  phu:ed  on  ita  bill ;  Strixton, 
the  model  of  an  Early  Eogliab  village 
church ;  tbe  Saxon  tower  of  Earra  Barton ; 
the  unique  octagon  of  Stenwick;  tbe  bm- 
tema  of  Lowick,  Fotheringfaay,  and  Irth- 
lingborougb;  tbe  apirea of  Baunda,  Rash- 
den,  and  Ircheater;  the  pinnacled  tower 
of  Htchmarah ;  Fioedon,  complete  in  tbe 
beatat>le;  tbe  fine  town  ateeple  of  Oundle: 
theae  are  but  aelectiona  from  a  line  of 
churchea  which  are  poanbly  indebted  for 
much  of  their  beauty  to  the  water-carriage 
of  the  Nen.    Higfaam  Ferren  deaerved 
aeparate  mention  for  ita  architectural  hie- 
tory  and  riehneia.    Tbe  church  iteelf  ia 
€€  an  oMer  and  better  date^  but  for  the 
preaent  chancel,  ataUa,  and  other  detaila  it 
ia  indebted  to  Archbiahop  Chichel«7,  ^« 
fbuuder  of  the  achool,  the  Bedehouae,  and 
the  diamantled    college.    Chicheley   waa 
a  native  of  Uigham,  Uie  aon  of  a  fkrmer, 
and  tradition  telle  that  while  tending  hia 
ihther'a  flocki  he  waa  foond  by  William  of 


18G1.] 


^^tcal  Tmiitule,  Peterborough^ 


267 


Wvkehani«  Ulto  Giotto  by  Clmabue,  mid 
ItouwkI  by  tlmt  great  prelHt««nrchitect. 
SouW.  Oxford,  tho  Oxford  tower  of 
uterbary,  and  the  fine  PerpendtcuUr 
ctiarch  of  Ooydon,  are  lUl  of  Chichelcjr's 
butldinipr. 

'1  be  urcbiDnlogy  of  tbe  htiTttiiif^  of  Nortb- 
smptofj»biro  mu-st  not  be  passed  over.  Tha 
voriwt  DrjiitduAt  must  have  beard  of  the 
PytctiU'V  huunds;  if  be  had  not,  be  bnd 
not  stodied  Donicedny,  for  Pytebley  bunt- 
iitg  can  trace  it«  j>edtgrec  to  thnt  period. 
It  wat  there  recorded  Umt  WiUiiitn  of 
Hghtasley  sacceoded  to  the  estates  of 
Alwyne  the  Hunter,  tlie  8»iid  WilliMiu 
hoUling  hi»  ]nnd«  in  Pi^bte^ley  by  ser^ 
geaniry  of  bunting  wolveo^  foxes,  and 
ntber  venitin.  But  even  this  was  not 
the  limit  »>f  it«  tportin^  iioLiijuitj'.  Some 
yeurs  bjick»  when  Mr,  A^^ner  Brown  wiia 
iiniier-pinuinf^  a  pier  in  his  L-hurrh,  be 
found  thnt  the  pTvecni  ciliurch  naa  built 
upon  an  eorlier  iind  probulily  hi  nth  en 
eemeteryp  and  in  one  of  the  cistvaena, 
lying  north  and  inutli»  he  found,  by  the 
side  of  a  ftkclet<m»  n  spear-bcad  and  a 
bo(ir*s  tusk,  thus  edtabli«biDg  the  exiBtence 
of  an  earlier  and  pre-Cbriiitian  Ahvyne  of 
Pylchley.  Special  hunting  privib  grA  were 
aldo  alloin^ed  the  hurg»**aes  of  Nortbnmpt  in. 
,\a  ciirly  lift  X270  their  (bigs  were  exempt 
from  U'ing  "  kwod/'  and  tbe  Abbot  of 
IVterbirongh  bad  tbe  ro^al  licence  to 
bant  tbe  hiirt%  the  fox,  and  the  wild  iut. 

Among  ber  worthies  NortfaamptoiUihire 
IxMHttd  *if  *  gh>nom*  John  l*rj,di'u/'  born 
^  AldwincUU-,  ivnd  connected  witli  many 
"ioad  fftinilie#,  nnd  even  yet  reproient^xf, 
tbnMigh  ihd  fiemale  line,  by  8tr  Henry 
Biydtii.  af  C«none  Ashby ;  Fnller  was 
born  in  the  sister  parish  of  Aldwincble  8t. 
Peter's  ;  poor  John  Ckre,  fint  of  English 
stfttrtil  poota,  eons  of  the  soil,  b<^m  at  Help- 
Mone ;  Biiihop  Percy,  of  the  "  Relique.-!," 
held  tbe  li%ing  at  Euttton  Maudit,  and 
ihtfrc  was  wont  to  entertain  Johiiioa, 
bihenstone,  UoldBmith,  and  Uurrick*  tits 
rtrtiit  and  mannscripts  are  still  pro- 
ved by  Mr.  Istc-d,  at  Kct«>n-hiab  Peter- 
irougb  is  justly  proud  of  being  tbe 
birtbpbicc  of  Paley,  and  of  yet  retaining 
the  name  ntnofiig  its  niott  bonoureil  sons. 
From  Norihunploiiiliire  f|xning  th«  fauii* 


lies  of  Washington  and  Franklin,  snd 
Sulgrave  and  Ecton  are  the  two  sbrinoa 
in  En;{iand  which  (with  the  hirthplnce  of 
that  poet  to  whom  all  the  world  is  kin) 
are  moet  frequently  visited  by  American 
p'dgrlms.  Frniiklin's  grandfather  wafl 
a  hlHcksmitb  at  Kcton.  Wusbington^a 
family,  as  bss  been  so  pleasantly  shewn 
by  the  Rector  of  Brington,  had  nn  older 
and  more  iTOportant  position  in  this 
county.  His  great 'great -grand  father, 
Lrtwrence  Wn#bingt<jn,  lies  buried  in  the 
church  of  Briugtoo,  and  on  tie  toinb->lab 
are  his  arms,  •*  Argent,  two  bari«,  gules :  in 
cliief  three  mullets  of  the  second/'  Tlie 
suggestion  tn  the  ** (.JUMrterly Review**  that 
tbe^M?  urtiis  were  the  origin  of  the  "  Stars 
and  ^tripes'^  of  Aiuerlini  was  first  nnide 
over  the  grave  it»elf  in  a  conversiition 
betwtN^  the  late  Lord  Spenoer  and  Mr, 
Everett. 

Mr.  James  concluded  his  pnper  witb 
a  warm  eologinin  on  Northamptonshire, 
which  he  di- scribed  as 
"a  OTimty  that  can  olTor  the  oldest 
church,  the  oldest  font,  the  oldest 
Christinn  monument,  tho  oldest  council 
chjuuber,— a  county  wherein  were  fongbt 
Buch  dtdcisive  batfle«  as  thow  of  NorLh- 
iiinpton  and  Naseby— one  linked  w  ith  the 
forlMiies  of  so  luauy  queens,  bo  unique 
in  nieinnrial  and  ecclcHiastical  nrebitec- 
ture,  with  so  noble  a  ciithednil,  witb  such 
antiquity  tor  its  popnhir  eport,  so  plenti* 
fully  stored  with  iiohility  and  irtntry,  that 
Nonlen  styles  it  the  *Ht raids  Garden;' 
the  languiige  of  whose  cfimmon  people  is^ 
accordrng  to  Fuller,  the  puicst  of  any 
siiire  in  Knghind,  *  the  worst  foot  of  whtitie 
soil,*  Mugs  Drayton,  *  is  equal  with  tbe 
best'  of  any  other;  touching  nine  coun- 
ties, yet  deriving  nil  its  riv* i^  from  itsilf  j 
*  an  apple/  says  Fnller,  ■  withont  core  to 
be  cut  out,  or  rind  to  be  thrown  away.* 
A  county  with  so  many  gitls  of  mtture 
and  eurichmeuts  of  art,  Le  said,  mgbt 
surely  ask  their  attention  without  any 
ioaugumtoTy  recommendation  frnm  one 
who,  thouph  not  a  nHtive,  had  found  in 
it  most  exci4leiit  friends  and  a  most  happy 
borne," 

Tbe  Bisbop  of  Lincoln  proposed,  and 
Lord  Neaves  (of  the  ^Society  of  Antiquaries 
of  ScoUand)  eeconded  a  vote  of  thanks 
to  Mr.  Jamei,  which  was  carried  unaiu* 
mously,  when  the  meeting  dosed* 

An  invitation  having  been  given  1^  tbe 


€Md  LiUranf  LUelBffemeer^ 


[Sept. 


Xisr.  Va.  Mrm$f  to  vait  his 
ThflrpiS'ini-, »  pwcj  of  owmhcn  gmeaeiied 
thither  as  sh*  4ikM»  of  the  auaciii^,  Th« 
^fftj  ixui^tbtd  cfa«  iMil  aad  xu  dae  or- 
icw,  hnt  the  baiUxBif  riidscd  so  fpacud 
ftnwrk,  taurpt  one  whieh  chnw  a  dovbc 
m  the  enuoKa  beUef  that  the  vdutceC 
WM  laigo  lonei. 

rmm  the  halU  the  pvtj,  M  hy  J.  H. 
P«rfcer,  Em^^  of  Oxfevd,  prxeeded  to  the 
ehnrdi.  On  the  way,  a  i<ab  at  itooe, 
«tem£n^  in  one  of  the  ««3Cta«e  gBnWae  at 
thft  ottmee  to  the  ribis*,  actneted  »ct«a- 
tifM^mA  it  vMthoo^t  pvohable  that  the 
iEoae  m  <ynirioa  had  CrKmied  the  baie  of 
m  ordiaary  wajwie  €ztMk  The  dkureh, 
Kr.  Pitfker  renark«d,  ia  of  the  Earlj 
fnifiuih  ttjle,  datiatp  ahovt  l^isO:  it  is 
Trrj  plam,  and  itM  ptaa  ie  at  smple  aa  lU 
ooMtractkm — a  aave  aad  two  aiaim.  The 
Uhric  :a  bailt  flf  eoane  rubble,  withost  a 
hottrtai  or  atriagoMne  in  any  part  of 
it,  aad  Itnmtg  ewerjmhen,  exempt  at  the 
tant  and  w*U  eada,  iu  origiaal  vindowi 
of  two  piaia  hot  ciSKtnre  lancet  lighta. 
The  caat  wiwiov^of  tbrte  l%ht«,  ia  a  poor 
apenmen  of  PerpeM&ahv  wotk,  dnqoe- 
PAUd  SB  the  head  aader  a  foor-ceotrtd 
areb.  There  ia  a  aimikr  viDdow  at  the 
weat  cimL  The  aialea  un  dit  ided  fay  three 
oUoa^y-pointed  Early  Enfl^tiah  arcfaca  <« 
each  aide,  r^ating  od  dreabir  pillan  with 
well'ttoolded  capitakaDd  faaiice,  the  latter 
raiaed  on  hold  tqaare  plintba.  There  ia 
no  cfaaneel-aicfay  the  roof  being  eobtinnoaa 
fnm  end  to  cod.  Two  atone  bracketa  at 
caeh  cndof  the  aiale  indicate  that  an  altar 
exited  there.  In  the  chancel  ia  a  deep 
irelbiled  piacina ;  abo  two  altar  bradeta, 
and  a  aoiall  aqnare  aombry.  There  were 
at  Icaat  four  altera  in  thia  onalterad  Barly 
iSiigliab  diofcfa.  Tliia  theory  waaadvaaeed 
neapeetinf  the  ate  of  low  nde  windowa 
In  ntdiffTal  diordica— for  the  adminta- 
tratioD  of  the  Sacrament  ootaide  the 
cfaorch  by  mcana  of  a  deil  atick  to  per« 
aona  anftring  from  the  plagne. 

The  tower  adjacent,  called  Longtborpe 
IIaU^  waa  thrown  open  for  inipection 
by  Mr.  Warwick,  the  occnpicr.  Mr. 
Farkar  obaerred  that  thia  boikling  waa 

»  Kacnvad  hi  DoMatk  AieUtactata,  toL  L 
f.lM. 


the  mme  ace  aa  the 

waa  an  artiiuary   Aircided  honaa  of  ti 
pcnud,  aad  pnhabiy  flCond  oronaiLy 
the  tern  uf  a  fqoare  with  a  fiawv 
each  curaer,  only  oae  ai  tha 

The  biwer  ffiorv  wai  i 


nty  from  die,  aad  they  octen 
riiri'Mii  rmuung ap  ogcmJe,  Thai 
atery  rhamh^  haa  aiao  a  vaolfiad  rw< 
aad  the  window*  have  •faoolderei  areiiea. 
The  nppcr  itory  wai  a^cr  vaaibed ;  the 
pyraaudal  roof  ia  BMniera.  thoofk  pr»- 
babiy  on  the  pian  of  the  old  one,  readne 
the  inner  cdxe  *3>(  the  wall :  by  tiiM 
!Bt  the  thkhieaf  •.f  the  wail,  or 
the  apeca  betwcca  the  line  ai  the  roof 
and  the  parapcta,  waa  left  aa  a  walkxB;; 
place  or  **  aUare."  The  parapet  u  rather 
■ngnlar,  ia  having  k»phi)iee  imtcad  of 
epen  battlementaL  The  camera  of  the 
parapet  are  raiaed,  and  itand  in  the  place 
of  torreta.  The  bwiMriig  waa  entirely 
domeatic,  thoozh  fortified,  and  probably 
hadamflat  roond  it. 

At  the  evening  meeting,  Mr.  J.  H. 
Parker  of  Oz£ird  read  a  very  inttfrerting 
paper  on  the  Domeatic  Ardutectnre  of 
the  adjoimng  diatrict,  whidi  we  hope  to 
print  im  exteum  next  month. 

After  the  rcM^ng  of  thia  pap^,  E.  A. 
Frvcman,  E«q.,  made  aonae  remarka  on 
the  general  character  of  the  chnrrbea  of 
Xortfaamptonahire,  eapccially  tboae  of  the 
northern  part  of  the  coonty.  Xi.Tthamp- 
tonahire  being  a  long,  obliquely  placed 
county,  and  touching  more  other  connti«a 
than  any  other  ihire  in  Englanil,  there 
naturally  are  great  diHefencea  between 
lUfferent  parte  of  it,  and  the  northern  and 
aootbem  enda  of  it  iatkx  widely  both  in 
their  •noerj  and  in  the  character  of  their 
buildinga.  The  northtm  chnrebea  are 
generally  very  aopcror  to  the  aouthem, 
and  are  capecially  diatinguiabed  by  the 
beautiful  fpirea  wluch  they  ahare  with  the 
neighbouring  counties  uid  of  which  the 
aouth  part  of  Xorthamptonahire  haa  very 
few.  Still  there  are  aeveral  pointa  in  which 
the  cburcfaea  cf  the  two  tyvinona  of  the 
county  agree.  Northamptonahire  ii  pre* 
eminently  the  region  of  moderate-aixed 
pariah  ehvehey.    The  monaaUc  buiUinga^ 


186!.] 


Archaological  Institute,  Peterborough. 


269 


ri<*pt  the  tioble  AUbey  of  Peterborough, 
»titl  the  ftiDuU  fragment  ut  Csiuona  A&bby« 
9G»:\n  tu  have  utterly  vuiiij^hed ;  they 
neither  ex  «t  iib  ruins  hqv  ore  they  pre- 
MTted  u  piuriMb  churches.  Nor  nre  tliere 
■uy  rAMnples  of  ehurchea  of  the  pnroahtal 
iype»  but  of  a  scmIq  equal  to  tniiiatt^rs^ 
like  thoMS  at  Cutetitry  tind  Newark.  On 
the  ot^ier  baud  Tery  small  churches  with- 
out aisles  or  towers  are  by  no  means  com- 
uiou.  A  Northamptoushire  church  has 
moat  com m only  a  nave,  choiicel,  nave 
■ialcBt  and  western  tower;  the  chancel 
often  huB  a  cliai>el  on  one  or  both  aidis 
of  it,  but  reg^uhur  choir-aieles,  so  common 
in  th«  easteru  cuuntica,  nre  not  Ufiuul. 
There  are  a  few  cxAmptes  of  central  towtm, 
and  a  few  of  truiisepts  without  central 
towers,  but  neither  of  those  arrangeiaeots 
is  common.  The  roofs  are  oomnioiily  tow, 
nor  is  the  low  roof  always  of  bte  intro- 
dtictioa;  it  became  the  prevniling  form  in 
tbo  Iborteenth  century,  while  ctauic  in- 
rBteliec%  as  at  Warming-ton,  belong  to  the 
Ihlrloentb.  Connected  with  the  me  of 
the  low  foof  is  douhtlcsB  the  use  of  the 
cleroffeiary,  of  which  some  instances  occur 
in  the  twellYh  and  thiit^enth  centuries, 
find  the  prnctioc  became  predotniniiut  in 
the  fonrteenth.  The  square-headed  win- 
dows, one  of  the  marked  pcculiiirities  of 
the  district,  is  also  of  early  introtluction  j 
fourteenth  century  exuuiples  are  number* 
kaa,  whih)  they  may  tniced,  though  more 
rarely,  np  to  the  very  begin ninirs  of  tracery, 
Gotnl  square  towers,  without  spires  or  oc- 
tagon«,  are  very  rare;  Titchmarah  is  al- 
most the  only  example  of  any  importance, 
thottgh  there  ts  an  evquisite  one  at  Whia- 
ton,  mi  a  very  small  scale.  But  the  oo- 
lugon  in  various  foiins,  whether  as  a  finish 
lo  a  STjunrc  towrr,  or  aa  a  support  to  a 
sfiire,  is  rlmractofiitie  of  the  county.  The 
oeU^on  i»  also  chanotertstic  of  Somerset- 
shire, but  it  is  UMfd  in  ditlereut  ways  In 
the  two  oonuties.  The  Northamptonshire 
octagon,  with,  pcrhapii,  the  aoUtary  exoep- 
tlon  of  Stanwiek,  is  always  set  on  a  square 
tower  of  which  it  forms  the  finiih,  while 
the  Somersetshire  octagon  rises  from  the 
ground*  or  at  moiit  ii  itself  tinished  with 
a  tqiuue  base,  Ttie  noble  spires,  for  which 
North  N^ortbamptonshire  is  as  fwiiotis  as 


Somers^ftahire  is  for  its  towers,  are  mainly 
of  two  clashes.  The  earlier  type  is  that  of 
the  broach,  where  the  spire  overhangs 
witliout  A  parapet,  really  forming  a  roof 
to  the  tower*  In  the  later  tyjje  the  «j>ire 
rises  from  within  a  parapet,  and,  in  the 
richer  examples,  is  connected  with  the 
tower  by  pinnacles  and  tlying-h^tt^t^^es. 
Sonietluies,  instead  of  those  hiat,  there 
are  turret*  at  the  angles,  and  the  hiiLLle- 
ments  are  plerct'd  viith  eyelet-holes,  t^iviug 
the  whoh»  a  military  hiok.  But  the  braiwrh, 
though  the  earlier  form,  is  continued 
alongside  of  the  kter,  very  many  of  the 
Northaujptoushire  hro^iches  being  of  con- 
firmed Decorated  work,  aud  some  actually 
Per|)cndira1ar.  I'he  broach  is  also  com- 
mou  in  Gloncestershire,  hot  the  form 
which  it  takes  there  dilfcrs  a  giK>d  deal 
from  the  Northamptonshire  t3i>e.  The 
Gloucisterahire  broachra  are  rcmiirkabty 
afeudcr,  with  smnll  Bqultiches,  Bpire4ighls 
of  very  smsll  projection,  and  a  murktd 
bead  along  the  angles*  The  earlier  North' 
amptonshire  broaches  ore  remarkably  mas- 
sive, with  large  sqainchca,  and  spire-lights 
boldly  projecting  like  the  fiuB  of  a  pprch. 
And«  though  tliis  great  massiveneaa  is 
ditniuished  In  the  later  examples,  none 
probably  become  so  thoroughly  attenuated 
aa  many  of  thorn;  in  Gloucententhtre.  I1ie 
general  character  of  the  Northampton- 
shire churchy  rnnkB  very  high ;  perhnps 
there  is  no  county  where  the  average  is 
so  good.  The  Uncst  Noi-thamptonshire 
churches  are  hardly  tqmd  to  the  fim^st 
Somersetshife  churches,  but,  on  the  other 
hand,  Somersetahire  has  a  far  greiit*^r 
number  of  sin  it  11  and  poor  churches  than 
North ampbmshire.  The  Northampton- 
shtre  churchesp  from  their  outliuea,  have 
noil  her  the  picturesque  efTect  of  the 
churchea  of  those  districts,  like  Kent, 
Hereford,  and  Sussex,  where  high  roofs 
and  a  variety  of  high  gables  are  commoti, 
nor  have  they  the  majesty  of  parochial- 
ised  monsters  or  great  cruciform  parish 
churches*  But  there  is  no  district  where 
the  saceesfiioa  of  styles  can  be  studietl  in 
such  a  eenes  of  good  examples  of  every 
date,  nor  where  better  specimens  can  he 
found  of  nearly  every  sort  of  detail  and 
nearly  every  part  of  the  buildiug.    There 


270 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Sept. 


18  however  one  remarkable  class  of  excep- 
tions. Northamptonshire  contains  singu- 
larly few  good  internal  roofs  of  any  kind. 
The  grand  painted  ceiling  of  the  cathedral 
and  the  noble  wooden  vault  at  Warmington 
stands  each  by  itself;  neither  is  in  the  least 
degree  characteristic  of  the  district.  There 
are  a  few  very  fair  Perpendicular  wooden 
roofs  of  low  pitch,  but,  as  a  freneral  rule, 
aa  observer  familiar  either  with  the  grand 
coved  roofs  of  the  west  or  with  the  g^nd 
trefoil  roofs  of  the  east,  would  look  on  the 
roofs  of  Northamptonshire  with  contempt. 
As  for  the  styles,  Northamptonshire  has 
no  one  prevailing  style ;  it  has  admirable 
work  of  all  dates.  Its  series  of  churches 
ranges  from  the  Roman  basilica  at  Brix- 
worth  to  Whiston,  the  last  Perpf^ndicular 
chiirch  of  good  style  in  England.  No- 
where are  there  so  many  examples  of 
what  are  commonly  held  to  be  "Anglo- 
Saxon"  monuments,  and  among  them  is 
Earl's  Barton,  the  noblest  example  of  that 
early  style.  Norman  work  is  common, 
and  many  of  the  examples  are  very  good. 
The  Transition  iVom  Romanesqne  to  Gothic 
exhibits  some  very  interesting  forms,  es- 
pecially in  the  northern  part  of  the  county. 
The  common  type  of  Transition,  the  pointed 
arch  with  Romanesque  details,  is  less  com- 
mon, though  it  occnrs  in  a  noble  form  at 
KothwelL  What  is  most  characteristic  of 
Northamptonshire  is  the  long  retention  of 
the  round  arch,  even  when  all  the  other 
details  are  confirmed  Early  Qothic.  The 
Early  English  of  Northamptonshire  is 
abundant  and  ofben  excellent;  the  first 
beginnings  and  gradual  development  of 
tracery  can  nowhere  be  better  studied 
than  in  some  of  the  churches  in  the  north 
of  the  county.  The  confirmed  Decorated 
style  has  many  peculiarities,  as  the  con- 
stant use  of  the  square  head  in  windows 
which  has  been  already  mentioned,  and 
the  fondness  for  reticulated  tracery  and 
ogee  heads  in  windows,  llie  Perpen- 
dicular is  of  a  kind  intermediate  between 
that  of  the  two  great  Perpendicular  dis- 
tricts, Somersetshire  and  East  Anglia,  and 
has  not  the  same  marked  features  as  either. 
Quite  kte  in  the  st^le  however  are  some 
Tery  good  buildings,  as  Whiston  and  part 
of  Bringtoii»  whUsh  combine  the  use  of  the 


four-centred  arch  with  a  nngolar  beaoiy 
of  detaiL  In  Somersetshire,  though  the 
four- centred  arch  is  often  used,  the  best 
examples  commonly  eschew  it,  and  what 
is  most  characteristic  of  the  county  is  the 
very  slight  difibrence  between  early  and 
late  Perpendicular.  In  Norfolk  on  the 
other  hand  the  late  Perpendicular  runs 
out  into  every  possible  kind  of  odd  vagary. 
Such  a  church  as  Wliiston  differs  firom 
either ;  it  is  essentially  late,  but  still  in  no 
way  debased  or  extravagant. 

Mr.  Freeman  then  took  up  the  thread 
of  the  other  speakers  with  regard  to  the 
Hospitals,  especially  those  with  a  chapel 
at  one  end,  open  to  the  rt>st  of  the  build- 
ing, as  at  Chichester,  sometimes  to  two 
stories  at  once,  as  at  Wigston  Hospital, 
Leicester,  and  the  old  St.  Thomas'  Hos- 
pital, Northampton.  In  the  former  case, 
the  strange  superstition  by  which  every- 
thing medieval  is  supposed  to  be  eccle- 
siastical has  its  fhU«  st  force.  It  is  almost 
impossible  to  persuade  people  that  the 
domestic  portion  of  the  hospital  is  not  a 
desecrated  nave.  Where  people  suppose 
our  lay  fore&thers  to  have  lived,  in  tents 
or  caves,  or  how,  is  perfectly  inexplicable. 
Certain  it  is  that  every  old  house  is  vul- 
garly set  down  as  a  church  or  a  monastery, 
while  Lord  Palmerston  would  improve 
upon  the  idea,  and  would  set  down  every 
ancient  manorhouse  as  a  Jesuits'  College. 

The  Uean  of  Ely  spoke  of  a  very 
beautiful  church  hospital,  which  was  set 
down  as  a  conventual  church  until  some 
bungling  antiquary  shewed  that  it  was  an 
infirmary  with  a  chapel  at  the  end  of  it. 

Mr.  Parker  said  he  had  been  at»ked 
several  times  If  the  entrance  hall  to  the 
bishop's  palace  was  not  a  chapeL  People 
could  not  divest  their  minds  of  the  idea 
that  where  there  were  vaults  there  must 
have  been  a  chapeL  Nothing  could  be 
more  erroneous,  for  domestic  buildings 
were  more  frequently  vaulted  than  chapels. 

Thanks  were  given  to  Mr.  Parker  fur 
his  paper,  to  the  gentlemen  who  had 
taken  part  in  the  discussion,  and  to  the 
chairman,  after  which  the  meeting  broke 
up. 

The  Maaenm,  whidi  attracted  crowds  of 
visitors,  oontained  a  iarge  and  highly  in* 


trcmwo^ttl  Institute,  Peterborough. 


271 


icrrfttlng  oollection  of  getiernl  atiti  qui  ties, 
and  portraits  and  relics  connccied  with 
the  8tuart«  lukl  CrotnwelL  Tim  Stuart 
purtmits  and  relies  comprised  almost  all 
the  nndoabted  articles  of  the  kind  extent  j 
Her  Majesty,  the  Duke  of  Uumilton,  tho 
Duke  of  Marlborough,  and  other  pos- 
vesaors  having  contribnt«<l.  There  was 
likewise  a  ring-  belonging  to  Dumley,  and 
a  lock  of  BothwiU's  hair.  The  unt<(uo 
ptfrtmit  of  Jamcft,  presented  hy  Mary  jiist 
before  her  execution  to  Sir  VVilliftm  Fity- 
Williaoi,  and  n  c««t  of  the  f«ce  from  the 
Westminnter  Rtatne  of  Clmrles,  fur  mud 
part  of  the  collection,  llie  niinintures  of 
Mary  were  nuiiierous.  The  veil  worn  at 
her  execution  nnd  her  rosary  were  also 
thrre;  and  a  fine  portr»«t  of  the  Iti  geut 
Hurray  was  exhibited  by  Mr.  William 
UopkinsoR.  We  are  not  aware  of  so 
many  portraita  of  Mary  having  been 
brom^hl  together  before,  and  the  etirious 
In  fiieb  fnatters  had  aa  good  nn  oppor* 
tanity  as  !■  ever  likely  to  be  presented  of 
arriving  at  some  definite  conclusion  with 
refi{>ect  to  the  featares  of  the  originnl. 

As  might  be  expected,  the  Stuart  scries 
'ffm  much  richer  than  the  CroniwelHan. 
Ulie  Protector's  "  effigies"  were  not  very 
numtrouji,  ns  indiH^d  they  were  not  likely 
to  be,  but  all  the  luore  interest  attached 
to  whut  there  was*  The  miiUHture  plates 
from  the  tinccleacb  isollection  are  the 
most  sntisfuctory.  Ilenide  the  Protector 
luEnself,  they  represent  Mrs.  Cromwell 
and  Lady  Clnypole.  Cromwell's  seals, 
a  sword  said  to  have  been  need  by  him^ 
«  truding  Uccnss  aigued  by  him,  and 
the  comintasion  to  Blake  and  his  fel* 
low  "  sea  generals^"  were  objects  of  con- 
sttlemhle  interest.  There  was  a  sinpilar 
jiortrHit,  aaid  to  be  of  Cromwell  the  night 
bfllbra  NsMby,  and  with  no  lefs  a  person 
than  General  Laimbcrt  for  puitUer.  Crotn- 
well  is  ropreaentod  in  a  broad  hat  and 
ft^ther,  loathem  coat,  breeches,  and  low 
•boe«*  He  is  aa  eiv-y  in  his  occn^mtion  aa 
iu  liii  dreai,  being  engag^ed  in  sniokiug  and 
drhiking;  mote  like  a  Dut4:h  boor  of  the 
butter  claaa  oil  a  holiday  than  the  rather 
grim,  thick  hosed  and  hooted  *'  King  of 
the  Fens.*'  The  general  nntiqnities  com- 
prised articles  of  great  value  and  interntv 


among  them  being  celts,  frpeflr-heads, 
torques,  pottery,  curved  ivory-work,  illn- 
minuted  inissids  and  ancient  hooks,  official 
rings  and  seals,  an  extensive  series  of  locks 
and  keys,  Cathiirine  of  Bmganza's  rell- 
qoary,  King  James's  gloves,  and  Henrietta 
Maria's  garters!  Time  did  not  allow  of 
the  arrangement  in  chronological  or  his- 
torical order  of  the  8t tiiirt  and  Cromwell 
portraits  and  relies,  and  of  the  preparation 
of  a  Ciit^ilogne,  which  was  much  to  be 
regretted- 

Jf^cdnsjidatf,  Jul*/  24.— MEETrNOS  OF 

SEt^noNS.      EXCUBSION. 

The  Historical  Section  met  in  the 
Qrammar-school.  After  some  pretUtory 
remarks  by  the  Dean  of  Kiy  ou  the  early 
hist^iry  of  the  great  tnonasi  erics  of  the 
Fens,  the  Rev.  J,  Earle,  late  jlnglo-S^xon 
Professor  at  Oxford,  read  a  valuable  paper 
on  the 

I/OCAL  NoBfENCLlTFRE  OF  THE  COUNTT. 

Local  names,  he  said,  nre  to  he  studied 
in  their  ethnologicnl  distinction*  and  chro* 
Dological  successions*  He  had  treated 
several  countiea  in  Ihnl  way,  but  the 
principle  wa«  not  applicable  to  Northanip- 
toushire.  They  ^tijm]  here  on  the  etlge  of 
the  sen,  and  on  the  inland  side  the  niasi 
of  the  names  corretipfiudtd  with  other 
counties  in  the  iviokt  and  /ye*  left  behind 
by  the  Danes.  But  on  the  fen  or  s^a 
side  they  had  a  number  of  extraordinary 
names  uot  founded  upon  ethnologicrd  di«« 
tlnction,  hut  with  churacters  jmrely  novel. 
A  few  words  were  of  high  antiquity.  The 
name  of  the  river  '  Ivel/  a  tributary  of 
the  Duse,  was  one  of  these.  It  was  found 
in  Ilminster  and  Yeovil,  »ind  wns  derived^ 
l«ke  *  Onse'  itself,  from  the  ancient  British 
word  for  water,  it  whs  the  same  word 
as  Uwiish,  or  *  Wash.'  In  the  Highlands 
it  appeared  in  whia  key,  and  uIro  in  Wis 
bech,  *Xeii*  was  no  doubt  an  nndent 
word,  hot  he  conUl  find  no  other  explana- 
tion than  I  hilt  it  w»s  a  fnrm  of  '  nine/ 
from  the  iiutiiher  of  saaiHN*s  of  the  river, 
to  which  exphiUfttton  he  oid  not  give 
cre^lit.  The  tirst  syllable  of  *Guyhini' 
was  no  doubt  uncient  British,  and  the 
a»  ff'^r,  WVy,  or  Owjf  in  VVehib. 


272 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  InieUigencer. 


[Sept 


With  regard  to  Roman  names,  there 
was  hardly  one  on  the  map,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  common  form  seen  in  '  Cas- 
tor.* The  Roman  work,  however,  had  left 
its  mark  on  the  language,  for  the  Saxons, 
finding  the  great  roads,  had  called  one 

•  Ermine-street/  which  was  'strange  work,' 
or  similarly  'Devirs  dyke.*  At  Earith 
they  had  the  '  Bulwarks,'  that  was  '  an 
ohetacle'  to  hlock,  to  keep  out.  Cardyke 
had  also  a  Roman  connection.  One  of 
the  most  ancient  names  in  the  locality  was 
the  old  name  of  Peterhorough, '  Meding- 
hampstede.'  Another  name  of  high  an- 
tiquity was  Croyland,  which  liad  been  ex- 
plained as  'Crow- land;'  but  to  this  he 
did  not  commit  himself. 

Danish  names  were  almost  unknown  in 
the  Fens,  which  had  curious  names  of 
their  own.  Among  them  were  '  Droves,' 
beiug  drives  for  cattle ;  '  Dykes,'  meaning 
a  mound,  and  seldom  a  ditch,  as  else- 
where. The  ancient  formative  for  water, 
eo,  was  seen  in  Manea,  Eastrea.  In 
some  cases  it  was  altered  into  the  French 
form  eauy  which  was  attributed  to  the 
influence  of  the  French  refugees,  who 
came  into  these  parts  in  the  middle  of 
the  sixteenth  century.  He  was  told 
that  at  Thomcy  there  was  still  a  large 
proportion  of  French  among  the  family 
names.  Corruptions  of  French  words 
were  possibly  seen  in  '  Powder  Blue 
Far.n'  and  *  Whip-chicken  Farm.'  He 
did  not  dispute  that  Ely  came  from  eels, 
but  'island'  was  seen  in  Eye,  Thomey, 
and  Ramsey.  '  Eye'  was  here  identical  with 
the  word  signifying  water,  and  the  eye  of 
the  head  doubtless  got  its  name  from 
its  insular  position,  llie  orthography  of 
'  islnnd'  was  objectionable,  as  the  8  was  not 
wanted,  and  it  ought  to  be  written  '  Eye- 
land.' 

Emneth,  the  name  of  a  place  near  Wis- 
bech, was  a  most  interesting  word.  He 
should  like  to  know  the  date  of  the  in- 
troduction of  the  word  '  level,*  as  applied 
to  districts,  for  it  probably  ousted  emneth, 
which  is  old  English  for  level,  derived 
from  even — even-eih.     '  Fleet,'  in  German 

•  fluth,'  from  the  verb  '  to  flow,'  was  iden- 
tical with  our  'flood.'  It  was  seen  in 
Walnfleet,  and  shortened   in  'Fletton/ 

6 


which  was  '  the  town  on  the  fleet'  The 
Saxons  settled  the  coontrj  in  ecattered 
places  or  farms,  and  these  were  oidled 
'hams,'  and  wherever  we  fimnd  tliia  word 
we  might  rest  satisfied  that  the  aettle- 
ment  was  by  squatters.  There  were  com- 
ponnds  of  this  word  with  '  ing,'  '  ton,'  and 
'stead,'  as  Falkingham,  Berkh«mpateed» 
Northampton,  Southampton ;  and  in  Med- 
inghampstede,  the  ancient  name  of  Feter^ 
borough,  signifying  the  little  capital,  tU* 
lage,  or  town,  in  the  centre  of  a  patch  of 
hams,  or  settlements.  Just  as  Longfellow 
sang,— 

"  There,  in  the  midst  of  its  farms,  reposed  the 
Arcadian  village." 


*  Ham'  and '  stead'  shewed  a  village,  * 
and  '  ton'  a  larger  place.  '  lugs'  ngnifled 
a  moist  meadow.  There  was  a  toodi  of 
'  eye'  in  it,  as  there  was  in  '  innis,'  island, 
'inch,'  and  'ince.'  Connington  was  a 
town  on  the  'ing.'  He  could  oflfer  no 
explanation  of  'learn,'  as  in  'Morton's 
leam,'  unless  it  was  imported  from  Hol- 
land. 'Lode'  came  from  the  Saxon  'to 
lead,'  a  conduit.  On  the  continent,  'see' 
was  used  to  signify  an  inland  lake,  and  it 
was  found  in  Whittlesea,  Soham — See' 
ham.  'Set,'  a  settlement,  as  Farcet 
'Toft,'  or  'tuft.*  a  little  hill,  seen  in 
Langtoft,  Touthill.  Names  from  trees 
were  here  rare,  but  there  were  a  few,  as 
in  Saw  try  and  Barnack — Barn-ooJEr.  A 
false  classical  taste  had  changed  'delf 
from  '  delve,'  into  delph.  It  was  a  great 
question  whether  the  ph  ought  to  remain 
in  the  language,  but  if  it  did  it  should  be 
confined  to  words  of  pure  Greek  origin. 

Curious  local  terms,  such  as  'Boats- 
gate,'  'Soc,'  'Severalls,'  'outrages  (ont- 
race)  of  water,'  were  referred  to,  and  it 
was  remarked  that  a  permanent  occupa- 
tion was  required  to  give  names,  and 
that,  tried  by  this  test,  the  locality  ap- 
peared to  have  been  primarily  occupied 
by  the  Britons,  and  afterwards  by  the 
race  which  re-drained  the  land  and  gave 
it  names. 

The  Rev.  Abner  W.  Brown,  Honorary 
Canon  of  Peterborough,  Rural  Dean,  and 
Vicar  of  Gretton,  next  read  a  paper 
npon 


1861.] 


Aretuevlogical  Institute,  Peterborough. 


273 


CsETiJF  Exiarrs^a  LjiTrnMAB^a  opEAjay 

ECCLEBIASTICIL  HiBTORY. 

Ho  observed  ihut  eccleuiiustical  history 
might  be  extended  and  elucidated  by  the 
study  of  mlnote  detaib,  and  gavo  in- 
stancet  of  this  stndy  in  an  etymological 
direcUoiL  Referring  to  the  uncient  his- 
toricftl  statement  of  the  preecdeuce,  in 
point  of  time,  of  the  C^netians  over  the 
CelU  in  these  islnnds,  he  Belectcd  the  word 
*Lhfcn/  which  meant  *chareh*  in  Walea 
and  CoiDwaU,  and  traced  it  in  the  Spanish, 
Bohemian^  Manx,  Irish,  and  Erae.  *  Cla- 
1/  a  village  with  a  church,  became 
in  the  softer  Celtic.  Wherever 
this  name  was  foand  they  might  be  sure 
that  the  place  was  of  a  date  prior  to  the 
Saion  time.  In  Becclcs  thty  had  the 
remains  of  '  Eoclesia,'  and  the  form  de- 
noted Roman  diriatianity  prior  to  their 
wlthdrawtd  ftx)m  the  country.  '  Cil/  or 
'  Kel,'  was  another  name  for  ehnrch  ;  in 
Wel«h,  'a  retreat;*  in  Erse,  'Shit,' 
'^  death,*  *  heaven.*  There  is  hardly  a 
corner  of  England  hut  this  word  waa 
fbund  tn,  as  in  Chelsea,  Kikby,  Kelso,  and 
it  pointed  out  the  work  of  the  Scotch  and 
Irish  mUsionAries  who  came  in  after  An* 
gtislme.  *  Church'  and  'kirk'  denoted 
tlio  Saxon  presence,  and  Mom'  the  Ro* 
naiit  Another  source  of  information  lay 
in  the  dedications  of  the  parish  churches. 
Many  of  these  had  been  rc-deilieated,  but 
others  were  still  available,  as  Boston,  *  St. 
Botolph's  town.*  The  connection  of  tho 
C^uldees  vrith  the  early  Chriittians  in  th«^e 
islindi  waa  an  important  question.  St, 
Oblmnbft  was  at  Icolmkill  thirty  years 
before  the  arrival  of  Angostine.  Near 
Northampton  they  had  the  church  of 
CoUingfcree — Columbia  tree  j  and  the  use 
of  'tree*  shewed  that  a  British  church 
ooeupied  this  ground  before  the  Saxon 
conquest.  The  Saions  did  not  destroy 
the  villages  with  the  large  towns,  and  In 
small  places  many  a  British  priest  con- 
tinued to  linger  after  the  conquest.  From 
*  bill  at  Cransley,  near  Kettering,  a  num- 
ber of  viUage  charches  could  be  seen,  each 
one  exactly  in  a  cardinal  point,  or  on 
a  beliotropio  line.  '  Cran'  was  a  word 
meaning  the  sun.  The  sites  of  these 
churches  were  no  doubt  identical  with 
Qmt.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXL 


sacred  spots,  which  in  Pagan  times  were 
connected  with  the  worship  of  the  sun. 

On  the  conclusion  of  this  paper  many  of 
the  members  and  their  friends  made  an  ex- 
cursion to  BaruAck,  Wittering,  and  Castor 
chnrches,  proceeding  in  the  first  instance 
by  the  railway  to  Uthngton,  whence  car- 
riages conveyed  them  to  Bamnck^  a  dis- 
tance of  a  mile. 

The  Rector  of  Bamack,  the  Rev.  Mar- 
sham  Arglea,  Canon  of  rcttTborongh, 
after  hmch  at  the  Rectory,  conducted  tho 
party  to  the  church,  which  is  btilieved  to 
be  one  of  the  earliest  constructed  of  stone 
in  this  counti7*  The  stylo  of  architecture 
displayed  in  its  tower  has  been  well  de- 
scribed as  carpentry  in  stone.  The  ex- 
terior of  this  tower,  with  its  lines  of  "long- 
and'short"  stones  and  its  sculptured  has- 
rdieftt  reMmhling  the  sides  of  an  obeli gcal 
croaa,  each  snr mounted  by  a  cock  or  other 
bird,  was  minutely  criticised,  and  much 
diiference  of  opinion  arose  whether  the 
said  sculptures  were  coevad  with  the  ori- 
ginal structure.  But  the  interior  of  the 
tower  gave  rJAO  to  a  still  more  interesting 
nnd  animated  discuAsion.  Tho  Rector  de- 
tailed to  the  company  the  progresis  of  tho 
two  several  restorations  whicli  had  been 
eflected  in  the  church  duriiig  the  last  ten 
years.  The  most  important,  in  an  archi- 
tectural point  of  view,  has  been  the  clvar. 
ing  out  of  the  Interior  of  the  tower,  which 
he  fbund  a  mere  receptacle  for  eoaU.  It 
was  scparrtted  from  the  nave  by  a  st^jne 
wall,  but  when  this  wan  retBoved  not  a 
single  mark  or  sttbudenoe  waa  found  in 
the  circular  arch' above*  and  it  now  standi 
open  to  view  from  the  nave.  Several  win- 
dows were  also  op»eiied  in  the  tower,  but 
that  to  the  west  is  the  only  original  one 
that  now  admits  light.  Next  the  west 
wall  was  discovered  a  stone  seat,  buried  in 
the  soil,  and  afterwards  stones  forming 
part  of  other  seati  were  found  on  the 
north  and  south  sides;  and  when  the  ori- 
ginal level  was  reached  it  proved  to  be  a 
floor  of  plaister  worn  &om  east  to  w<  st  by 
Saxon  or  Danish  feet.  Mr.  Canon  Argles 
oonfeasc^i  that  on  the  first  blush  of  this 
dUioovery,  when  he  reflected  that  this  was 
in  its  early  days  the  only  etone  building 
within  tho  kingdom  of  Merely  be  imagined 
]»1 


274 


Antiquarian  and  literarif  JatelSgemeer. 


[Sept 


hfi  ha«i  ll^hf^  upon  the  Tsnenhle  mnaiiu 
of  a  .Sftz/>o  cr«nTu:iI-<luimb«r.  It  wa«,  hov- 
CT<r,  LU  prfiflrnt  denire  to  a^yance  no 
tlM»ory  of  hi  A  own,  but  to  iolicit  the  jtii%- 
in«mt  of  the  more  experienced  arcfaitectoral 
eritirfl  who  were  th*»ii  aiwembled. 

Mr.  J,  H.  Parker  naid  thU  waa  one  of 
the  earlif'^t  utrme  bQildlDg!^  in  England, 
bnt  at  what  purifA  it  waa  erected  he  conld 
not  p^mitiTely  mj.  It  wa^  recorded  that 
chorchea  were  bnilt  of  lime  and  itone 
when  they  were  reatore^l  bj  Canute,  after 
hia  f/^/>ming  a  Chriitian.  Thia  waa  looci 
after  t(ie  year  K/jf),  when  the  alarm  about 
the  expected  millenniam  had  inbaided. 
It  waa  recr>rded  that  the  charch  of  Bar- 
nark  waa  bnmt  by  Sweyn,  and  afterwarda 
granteil  Ut  the  Ablj«^  of  Peterboroogfa,  in 
K^Uk  He  had  remarked  that  such  granta 
WfT^  often  nuule  aliortly  after  the  erection 
of  clinrchea,  or  that  they  led  to  their  re- 
hnilding,  and  he  would  aMign  the  date  of 
the  present  atructure  to  tliat  period.  Mr. 
^«rk^r'fl  attention  having  been  called  to 
the  aoat  nn^ler  a  triangular  cunopy,  the 
gtonti  Y>ench,  and  the  two  aumbriea  in 
the  wallii  of  the  tower,  he  Mid  they  looked 
more  a^liipted  frjr  the  reception  of  docu- 
mentA  relating  to  parish  Imaineaa  than  for 
a  depfiaitory  for  the  record*  of  a  judge,  and 
the  whole  arrangement  a[)i>eared  to  him 
1x;IUt  MuitiKl  for  tlic  UM  of  a  schoolmaatcr 
and  hi*  pupila  than  any  other  purpose. 

Profrim^ir  Earle  thought  that  he  recog- 
niacd  in  this  stricture  the  monument  of  a 
usage  that  was  known  to  have  prevailed 
in  the  «?i«rly  ago  of  the  Christian  Church, 
whifn  the  ministers  of  religion  were  not 
mi-n-ly  pripnts  but  teachers ;  and  not  only 
children,  but  the  men  and  women  unable 
in  nwl  in  bix>ks,  were  wont  to  assemble 
in  t]i«  srhfK)!  as  catechumens,  to  learn  the 
simple  elements  of  the  Christian  faith. 
Hucli  was  still  in  some  degree  the  Sunday- 
ac1uK>l  in  Wales;  and  in  the  Irish  **  Annals 
of  the  Frnir  Musters"  there  are  many  pas- 
sngfis  commeinr)rating  tluj  "  teachers"  who 
were  eminent  in  ct'rtain  districts. 

The  rotnpiiny  rcmuincd  some  time  to 
exantino  the  church,  which  contains  very 
int4T«'dting  |K»rtions  of  every  known  stylo 
of  e<'clcsiastical  architecture  that  prevailed 
previous  to  tho  KeformatioD,  tho  oldest 


rib 


part  bemg  the  Suaa  tower,  iht 
west,  and  aoath  adei  of  wluch 
equal  <£seaacca»  three 
pendicnlar  rib*  or  strips  of 
resting  on  a  pGnth.  Tho 
Tided  by  a  groove-like 
which  nma  aa  iroa  belt  to 
walla,  whidi  support  en  octagon 
by  four  pinneeleB.  and  wumoiuited  hj  a 
low  spire,  cridcntly  a  rerj  ttalj  ^tmrnj^ft 
of  Early  English  work.  The  heUry  win- 
dows are  of  two  lights,  nodcr  a  acai« 
drcolar  moulded  arch,  which 
three  detached  shafta  havia^ 
phals,  and  the  dog-tooth 
down  the  ootdde  of  the  shafta.  At  the 
anglea  of  the  tower  are  the  Bngohvfyplaeed 
stones,  peculiar  to  Saion  maaonrj,  kDOwa 
aa  "kmg-and-short  work:^  their  lei^ith 
in  a  horizontal  position  Tariee  from  about 
1  foot  to  3^  feet.  On  the  first  stage  of  the 
weat  wall  is  a  window,  blo^ed :  it  has  a 
triangular  head,  i.e.  two  straight  stones 
plaoed  on  end  upon  the  imposts^  aod  resting 
against  each  other  at  the  top.  Between  the 
two  southernmost  ribs  of  the  npper  stage 
is  a  similar  window,  also  blocked :  and  in 
the  centre,  resting  on  the  stringcoorae  in 
an  upright  position,  is  a  stone,  the  shape  of 
which,  together  with  the  scolptore  on  its 
face,  somewhat  resembles  ooffin-lids  of  the 
thirteenth  century,  but  the  work  is  Tery 
rude.  At  the  top  (^this  stone  is  a  Inrd,  bat 
the  species  it  is  intended  to  represent  leaTcs 
the  curious  to  doubt.  The  prindpal  en- 
trance to  the  Saxon  charch  was  on  the 
south  side  of  the  tower;  the  doorway  re- 
mains in  a  good  sUte  of  preaeryation,  bat 
the  entrance  to  the  interior  is  somewhat 
obstructed  by  the  erection  of  an  Early 
English  stair-turret  in  the  sontb-west 
comer.  Tho  carved  work  on  the  north 
and  south  sides  is  also  deserving  of  very 
minute  inspection.  The  only  portion  of 
the  Norman  work  that  remains  are  the 
four  arches  of  the  north  aUle,  of  great 
span  and  richly  moulded,  supported  by 


lofty  cylindrical   shafts    bay 


ing   capiUls 


richly  carved.  One  of  the  capilaTS ^w, 
an  entwined  serpent,  with  iU  bead  rJ^Zl 
upon  a  flower.     The  abaf*.  ^c^  '^sting 


upon 
aisle  are 
banded 


The  abafU  of  the 


sooth 


3  Early  Englid,^;;^^  "o^^h 
in  the  centre.  ^Z!^^'   ^^^ 


oentr«t, 


■^pporting 


senii- 


1861.] 


Archmohgical  Institute,  Peterborough, 


275 


circolar  arches.  The  font  of  this  d&te  la 
very  rich :  ita  thick  central  ftera  t»  sur^ 
focmdod  by  pn  arcade  having  trefolled 
Arcboa.  the  whole  supporting  the  cylin- 
drical bowl  enriched  by  two  rows  of  ro^es 
in  relief  and  other  omamenta.  The  Early 
Koglish  porch  is  greatly  admired,  and  has 
odjm.  ^ven  employment  to  the  firtijst.  The 
chttrch  tuiderwent  extensive  alterations  in 
the  ftmrteenth  century,  the  Decorated  ad- 
ditions extending  along  the  iiiglcs  to  the 
emit  window;  this  window  b  believed  to 
be  almost  unique;  there  is,  however^  a 
wniilar  one  at  Mertoo  College,  Oxford: 
the  lights  terminate  by  crocketed  cano- 
|»i«a,  tlie  mullionB  being  carried  up  to  the 
licAd  of  the  window -arch  in  the  form  of 
{mnnuskft.  In  the  wall  of  the  north  cban- 
tsj  vtt  two  reoumbent  efiigies — a  cross- 
k(gged  knight  and  his  lady :  the  latter  \a 
very  interesting,  as  giving  a  faithful  idea 
of  fbxuile  eostume  of  the  period— 600  yetLra 
Ago.  In  the  usual  position  in  the  elmncel 
are  a  bandsoine  canopied  sedilia  and  pis- 
cina. The  exterior  of  the  south  chnntry, 
dedicated  to  "Our  Lady/*  is  a  rich  speci- 
men in  the  Perpendicular  style  of  arc  hi- 
iectore.  In  the  interior^  over  the  north 
side  of  the  altar,  is  a  tahemRcle,  with  an 
elaborate  composition,  in  alio  refievot  of 
the  conception  of  our  Lord.  The  Blessed 
Virgin  is  represented  kneeling  on  a  fald- 
stool before  a  desk :  in  the  clouds  above 
are  three  figures  of  angels,  8np|X)rting  a 
book,  and  6rom  the  mldfit  of  the  clouds 
issue  three  rays,  which  enter  the  bosom  of 
the  Blessed  Virgin.  In  the  hack -ground 
ii  a  dty,  and  in  the  front  a  tree.  On  a 
scroll  above  all,  in  bhick-letter,  are  the 
words  "Maria  Jesus  in  eontemphieione 
stm/'  On  the  south  side  of  the  same  wnll 
if  another  tabemucle,  which  prohubly  con- 
tained  a  figure  of  the  Blessed  Virgin,  but 
•  destroyed  at  the  Refonnatioai  when  niches 
were  depH%'ed  of  patron  taints,  &c.  In 
iffifi  of  the  pillars  is  a  hagioscope,  which 
oommanded  a  view  of  the  high  altnr  when 
Uiis  chantry  was  enclosed  from  the  choir 
or  chancel  by  a  screen.  The  windows  con- 
tain some  modem  rich  painted  i^Xofs*  This 
chantry,  the  property  of  Henry  Xevile, 
E*q*,  of  Waleot-hall,  is  divided  from  the 
south  oiale  by  an  exquisitely- conned  screen* 


In  the  churchyard  are  several  stone  eoffinsi, 
which  have  been  found  at  various  times 
whilst  digging:  they  are  of  the  thirteenth 
century;  a  lid  contains  a  circuhir  cross  at 
the  head  and  foot,  with  lines  flowing  from 
the  stem  of  the  cross,  Several  of  the  cof- 
fins contained  the  remains  of  inf«nts,  eacli 
exhibiting  a  cavity  for  the  bead.  A  hope 
wns  expressed  that  all  these  would  be  care- 
fully preserved :  the  discovery  of  such  small 
stone  coffins  as  are  seen  here  is  veiy  rare. 
The  cicursionistA,  on  lejiving  the  village 
for  Wittering,  pttascd  innumerable  hillocks, 
the  site  of  the  famed  stone  qimrries  (now 
exhansted)  that  supplii'd  stone  for  the 
erection  of  so  many  medieval  churches. 
The  hamlet  of  Southoqie  was  next  passed, 
where  the  abbots  of  Peterborough  hud  a 
summer  residence;  and  the  party  soon 
reached 

WrTTEBnra  Chitsch, 
which  is  another  fabric  of  very  early 
date.  It  has  the  long-and-short  masonry 
at  all  ita  four  angles.  Tlie  chancel -arch 
is  of  very  massive  and  rude  work.  Tlie 
peculiar  abacus  upon  which  it  rests  on 
either  side  nppeared  (in  Mr.  Purker's 
opinion)  to  be  unfinished,  and  inteiided  to 
be  omatiiented  with  sculpture,  or  at  least 
with  painting.  The  date  of  this  arch  was 
about  the  middle  of  the  eleventh  century 
(somewhat  later  than  thut  at  Bamack), 
or  shortly  before  the  Nonnan  Conquest. 
Tlie  arch  and  the  Jambs  are  rudely  and 
strongly  moulded;  the  same  mouldings 
seen  in  the  arch  appear  to  be  curried 
through  the  massive  capitals — immense 
plain  blocks,  which  had  evidently  occu» 
pied  little  of  the  mason's  time  after 
being  taken  from  the  qunrry.  The  first 
addition  to  the  Saxon  church  seems  to 
have  been  a  Norman  aisle  (about  one  hun- 
dred years  later  than  the  Saxon  work),  of 
which  there  are  two  bays,  the  massive 
pillars  supporting  arches  the  mouldings  of 
w  hich  contain  the  che\Ton,  billet,  loxenge, 
nailhead,  and  star  ornaments.  The  stone 
steps  which  led  to  the  rv>od-loft  still  re* 
main  between  the  nave  and  the  north 
aisle.  From  the  north  side  of  the  rood- 
loft,  about  ten  feet  from  the  ground,  is 
A  squint,  or  hagioscope,  from  which  a  view 


276 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  InielUgeneer. 


[Sept 


of  the  altars  in  the  chancel  and  the  chantry 
on  the  north  side  of  it  could  he  obtained : 
it  is  in  a  very  unnsoal  position.  In  the 
chapel  a  sepulchre  in  the  north  wall  has 
been  filled  up  with  masonry,  the  architrave 
only  being  visible.  There  is  a  Norman 
circular  font,  the  drain  being  at  the  ude 
instead  of  in  the  centre  of  the  bottom  of 
the  bowl.  There  are  traces  of  a  stoup  in 
the  west  wall  of  the  porch,  which  has  been 
filled  with  plaster ;  and  also  of  a  low  side 
window  in  the  south  wall  of  the  chancel. 
The  windows  have  been  replaced  or  altered 
from  time  to  time  without  regard  to  any 
particular  style  of  architecture,  and  al- 
together they  present  an  unpleasing  ap- 
pearance. The  tower  and  spire  are  Early 
English :  the  masonry  is  very  good.  The 
present  taste  for  church  restoration  has 
not  yet  extended  to  this  parish.  The 
interior  is  very  clean,  but  the  introduction 
by  the  churchwardens  of  new  pavement 
and  the  removal  of  the  old  high  pews 
would  effect  a  great  improvement. 

From  Wittering  the  excursionists  re- 
turned to  the  Great  North  Road,  which 
they  had  shortly  before  crossed  in  pro- 
ceeding froni  Bamack.  Here  the  country 
is  somewhat  flat,  but  towards  Thomhaugh 
the  undulations  that  become  perceptible 
render  the  scenery  pretty.  The  church 
lies  in  a  wooded  valley,  a  short  distance 
from  the  road.  This  parish  early  gave 
a  title  to  the  Bedford  family,  and  here  the 
remains  of  the  first  Lord  Russell,  of  Thom- 
haugh, are  interred.  Here  is  a  very  sin- 
gular piscina — Early  English,  with  toothed 
work,  and  a  rose  on  the  apex.  The  south 
aisle  is  gone;  the  nave  is  ceiled  like  a 
drawing-room ;  but  the  east  end  has  been 
tolerably  well  restored.  In  the  south 
chantry  is  a  costly  monument  to  Lord  W. 
Russell,  who  held  very  important  offices 
in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  The  excur- 
sionists did  not  inspect  this  church,  but 
on  arriving  at  Wansford  several  of  the 
vehicles  were  pulled  up,  and  their  occu- 
pants went  to  examine  the  very  curious 
Norman  font,  passing  into  the  interior 
under  a  Grecian  porch  of  1663  and  a  fine 
Norman  inner  doorway.  The  Early  Eng- 
lish tower  and  beautiful  broach-spire  were 
also  examined  with  interest.    The  font 


here  has  been  frequently  engniTed,  and 
will  also  be  found  in  the  late  Mr.  Fran- 
cis Simpson's  book  of  Fonts,  a  valuable 
work. 

On  their  road  to  Castor  the  party  paarod 
by  the  Uttle  Norman  churdi  of  Sattoo^ 
which  has  no  tower,  but  only  a  small 
campanile  for  two  bells :  and  a  few  permis 
turned  aside  to  notice  its  singfnlar  low 
chancel-screen  of  stone,  and  the  ttoDe 
bench  that  runs  along  the  wall  of  its 
south  aisle,  terminated  by  a  coaching 
lion  with  a  monster  on  his  back.  This 
bench  is  probably  coeval  with  the  fiibric. 
The  original  plan  of  this  church  conmated 
of  nave,  south  aisle,  and  chanceL  In  the 
thirteenth  century  a  south  chantry  was 
added.  The  aisle  is  divided  from  the  nave 
by  two  bays,  the  chamfered  arches  bong 
drcular.  The  chancel-arch  has  been  taken 
down,  and  its  space  to  the  roof  filled  with 
plaster  supported  by  a  wooden  beam  that 
rests  upon  the  abacus  of  the  veiy  richly 
carved  Norman  capitals.  In  the  ^ist  wall 
are  two  altar  brackets,  and  between  these, 
near  the  floor,  is  an  aumbry — a  somewhat 
unusual  position  for  such  a  recess.  There 
is  also  a  trefoil-headed  piscina  in  the  wall 
on  the  south  side  of  the  altar.  The  north 
door  is  Early  English,  and  the  three  win- 
dows on  the  nave  nde  are  Perpendicular. 
In  the  north  wall  of  the  chancel  is  a  tran- 
somed  window  of  three  lights  under  a 
square  head,  and  near  it  is  a  curious,  small 
trefoil-headed  window,  blocked,  itspontion 
being  too  high  for  a  lychnoscope.  The 
east  wall  of  the  chancel  is  pierced  by  a 
window  of  three  lights,  and  the  chantry  by 
a  lancet.  In  the  south  chantry  wall  there 
is  also  a  double  lancet.  An  Early  Eng- 
lish corbel  runs  under  the  parapet.  The 
aisle  is  lighted  by  a  Perpendicular  window. 
The  south  doorway  has  Norman  enrich- 
ments. The  octagonal  font  has  plain  fiices. 
This  church  is  worthy  of  attentive  ex- 
amination. Between  the  west  end  of  the 
church  and  the  river  Nen,  an  old  residence 
has  been  recently  taken  down,  and  a  fine 
building  erected  on  its  site  by  Mr.  Hop- 
kinson,  F.S.A.,  who  has  carefully  preserved 
a  double  lancet  the  old  house  contained, 
the  hollow  of  the  hoodmould  of  which  is 
enriched  with  the  tooth-ornament^  this 


1861.] 


Archeeoloffical  Institute,  Peterborough. 


877 


birteenfcb-century  fragment  now  lighting 
rthe  staircase  of  the  new  reaidcnoe. 

On  Jirriving  at   CastOT,   the  con)p»ny 
found  the  Rev.  Owen  Davyi  ready  to  ex- 
plain  to  theiB  the  most  rciiiArkable  fetturea 
of  that  fine  church.   Taking  a  view  of  the 
itracture  from   the  south* west,   he  re- 
miiiked  that  its  tower  preNfnted  the  moat 
boaatifal   example   of   enriched  Norman 
design  %vith  which   he  was  acquainted; 
I  preferring  it  to  the  towers  of  Tewkesbury, 
Norwich,  and  Exeter.     The  ahbey  church 
of  Pcterhorough  is  recorded  to  have  onco 
L  a  maguificent  Normnu  tower  of 
"  three  itorics/*  and  tliis  of  Cafitor  probably 
nbled  it  on  a  smaller  scale^  there  being 
decided  stages  or  stories  above  the 
on  which  it.  is  raised.     The  whole 
I  probably  sunuounted  with  a  roof»  like 
that  of  Old  Shoreham  in  Sussex,  inatead 
of  the  present  Decorated  spire.     Some  of 
tiihe  scolloped  orDamentation  of  the  tower 
kof  Castor  is  panelled,  as  at  Haddtscoe: 
Other  features  are  peculiar  to  itself.    The 
original  plan  of  the  church  was  prolmbly 
a  plain  cross,  with  an  eastern  apse.     Of 
(he  latter  there  is  no  existing  evidence, 
(the  present  chancel  being  Early  English, 
When  the  south  transept  was  enlarged 
the  old  Norman  corbel -table  wast^*erected ; 
msd  ©?ep  the  south  door  of  the  chancel  is 
rttll  prcocrved  the  semicircabtr  tablet  re- 
cording tho  dedication  of  the  Norman 
ebuTch  OD  XT  KaL  Maii  112  k     Thoifgb 
this  date  is  not  incompatible  with  the  stjfle 
of  the  ehtirch,  it  cannot  lie  relietl  on,  as 
I  hut  figures  seem  to  have  l)cen  cut  with 
\  liter  handf  and  they  are  incised  insttead 
of  standing  in  relief*  A  Norman  sculpture 
in  Ims-relief  is  also  placed  over  the  »«juth 
|f]iorch :  it  represents  a  domi^figure  of  the 
I'Baviour,  with  nimbed  head,  the  right  hand 
I  taised  in  benediction,  and  the  left  hold- 
ing a  book.    The  interior  is  1e«  remark- 
Able.    At  the  east  end  of  the  north  aisle 
•tiU  remains  a  portion  of  a  shrine,  sup- 
f-|Kwed  to  Ijc  that  of  St,  Kyneburga  (sister 
to  Peada,   King  of  Mercia),   who   built 
the  first  church  here  in  650,  and  was 
^liero  buriedt  but  her  remains  afterwards 
ated  to  Peterborough.     At  the  west 
I  of  the  tame  aisle  some  fresco  paintings 
I  finmd  during  the  hut  repairs,  and 


are  still  preserved ;  but  their  subjects  have 
not  all  been  ascertained.  They  form  threo 
tiers :  the  uppermost  very  indistinct ;  the 
second  n  massacre  of  martyrs;  the  third 
the  martyrdom  of  8t»  Katharine.  The 
costume  appears  to  be  about  the  time 
of  Edward  III. 

Tlie  party  then  returned  to  Peter- 
borough, where  they  dined  at  the  Great 
Northern  Hotel,  and  in  the  evening  the 
members  and  friends  held  a  Conversazione 
at  the  Deanery,  which  was  very  numer^* 
onsly  attended,  the  company  assembling 
soon  after  eight  o^clocL  Ilefreshmputs 
were  provided  in  the  hall,  and  the  visitors 
amused  thoinselvea  by  strolling  in  the 
grounds  till  nearly  nine,  when  they  ad- 
journed to  the  Museum.  In  the  gallery 
of  the  Deanery  Hall  were  placed  the 
membeni  of  the  Cathedral  choir,  who, 
under  the  leadership  of  the  Precentor, 
simg,  at  intervals  during  the  evening, 
a  selection  of  glees,  mailrigats,  catches,  dc« 
The  party  broke  np  about  ten  o'clock. 

Tuetday,  Jul^  25.    ExcFESiON  to 

OlILHiuV  AKP  StAMPOHU. 

A  large  number  of  members  and  friends 
proceeded  by  an  early  speciid  train  to 
Oiftkbam,  where  Mr.  Parker,  of  Oxford, 
pointed  out  the  many  remarkable  features 
of  the  cnstte»  kc. ;  bat  the«e  have  been  so 
fully  detailed  in  his  **  Domestic  Archilec- 
ture"^,"  that  it  is  needli^ss  to  do  more  than 
refer  to  that  work.  The  Lntm  then  pro- 
ceeded to  Stamford,  which  it  reacht'd  at 
12  o'clock,  the  passengers  alighdng  on  the 
site  of  the  Saxon  castle  built  by  Edward 
the  Elder,  to  check  the  Danish  garrison 
of  the  castle  on  the  north  side  of  thd 
Wei  land.  The  nuunpry  of  St.  Michael, 
founded  by  William  de  Watervllle,  Abbot 
of  Peterborough,  subsequently  occupied 
the  site.  In  making  the  Midland  Railway 
here,  numerous  antiquities  were  found, 
and  had  they  been  collected  logt^thor 
would  have  formed  a  very  interesting 
mnseum. 

Thence  the  company  proceeded  to  St» 
Martin's  Churcli,  a  very  fine  example  of 
Perpeutlicular  srchitecture :  here  are  seve- 


•  Vol.  h  pp.  i  «f  M9* ;  vol,  U.  p.  99. 


278 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Sept. 


nl  magnificent  monuments  to  the  Cecil 
fiunily,  indading  the  Lord  Treasurer 
Barldgh's,  whose  remains  are  in  a  vault 
beneath;  an  original  altar-stone,  with 
its  five  crosses;  and  rich  stained  glass. 
Some  remarks  upon  the  stained  glass 
were  made  by  Lord  Alwyne  Compton, 
Ifr.  Bloxam,  Mr.  Parker,  and  others, 
and  a  difierence  of  opinion  prevailed 
whether  that  in  the  south  aisle  was  Eng- 
lish or  foreign.  A  question  was  raised 
respecting  a  weather-table  on  the  east 
nde  of  the  tower,  the  existence  of  which 
shews  that  there  had  been  a  high-pitched 
Toof,  and  was  evidence  that  the  north  and 
south  walls  had  been  subsequently  carried 
higher.  The  church  being  of  one  style, 
it  was  suggested  that  the  tower  might  be 
somewhat  earlier  than  the  other  parts  of 
the  church,  and  in  that  case  it  would  be 
erected  agidnst  an  earlier  fabric 

The  site  of  the  Hospital  of  St.  Thomas 
of  Canterbury,  at  the  north  end  of  the 
bridge,  was  soon  scanned,  the  only  visible 
remains  of  it  being  a  Norman  buttress 
with  the  indented  moulding.  There  is 
a  pretty  Norman  cushion-capital  worked 
into  the  wall  facing  the  street,  which 
gives  an  idea  of  the  kind  of  enrichments 
that  were  about  the  hospital.  After  ex- 
amining the  Norman  doorway  in  Queen's 
Head  passage,  the  company  entered  the 
Town-hall,  where  the  Corporation  regalia 
were  inspected  with  much  interest.  They 
were  allowed  to  be  very  fine,  several  pieces 
being  equal,  for  value,  beauty,  and  work- 
manship, to  any  in  the  kingdom.  The 
large  silver-gilt  mace  and  punch- bowl  and 
cover,  weighing  16  lbs.  7oz.,  were  pre- 
sented to  the  town  by  Chas.  Bertie,  £^q. ; 
the  latter  holds  five  gallons,  and  contains 
a  Latin  inscription,  of  which  this  is  a 
translation : — "  Charles  Bertie,  brother  of 
Robert,  son  of  Montague,  a  descendant  of 
the  Earls  of  Lindsey,  hereditary  Lord 
Chamberlains  of  England,  who  was  twice 
chosen  to  represent  the  borough  of  Stam- 
ford in  Parliament,  viz.,  in  1678  and  1685, 
in  both  which  years  Daniel  Wigmore  was 
Mayor  of  the  said  borough,  gratefully  pre- 
sents and  dedicates  to  the  said  Daniel 
Wigmore,  the  present  mayor,  and  his 
successors  for  ever,  this  bowl,  in  which 


the  inhabitants  of  Stamford  may  com* 
memorate  both  their  allegiance  towards 
the  Kings  of  Great  Britain  and  also  the 
firiendship  which  the  Bertie  fiimily  had 
for  them.  In  the  year  of  our  Lord  1686." 
The  Latin  inscription  on  the  mace,  which 
weighs  20  lbs.  6oz.  15  dr.,  has  been 
thus  translated : — "  The  gift  of  the  noble 
Charles  Bertie,  son  of  Montague  Earl  of 
Lindsey,  who  presented  this  ancient  bo* 
rough  of  Stamford  (by  whose  favour  he 
now  has  a  seat  in  Parliament  to  represent 
the  said  borough)  with  this  official  mark 
of  mayoralty,  to  be  ever  borne  as  a  token 
of  his  regard.  In  the  mayoralty  of  Daniel 
Wigmore,  and  the  year  of  our  Lord  1678.** 
There  is  a  small  antique  maoe,  without 
any  inscription  or  haU  mark,  and  the 
Cwporation  know  nothing  respecting  its 
history.  The  bowl  is  divided  into  com- 
partments by  perpendicular  ribs,  and  on 
each  is  the  fleur-de-lis  and  rose.  Mr. 
Morgan,  M.P.,  was  asked  to  examine  it 
and  g^ve  his  opinion  respecting  its  date. 
On  the  fiat  crown  of  the  maoe  is  a  shield 
exhibiting  the  arms  of  France  and  Eng* 
land,  and  from  these  and  the  embossed 
work  about  it  he  came  to  the  condnsion 
that  the  mace  was  of  the  time  of  Edw.  IV. 
(This  monarch  granted  a  charter  to  the 
Corporation  conferring  many  important 
privileges  on  them.  He  visited  Stamford 
in  1462  and  1478,  lodging  at  the  Friars 
Minors,  being  attended  by  many  bishops* 
knights,  and  barons.) 

The  fine  crypt  (thirteenth  century)  at 
Mr.  John  Polhurd's,  opposite  the  Town- 
hall,  was  then  inspected.  St.  John's 
Church  was  next  visited ;  and  here  Mr.- 
Freeman  made  some  critical  observations 
on  several  of  the  churches  in  illastration 
of  his  general  remarks  on  the  buildings 
of  Northamptonshire  and  the  neighbour- 
ing counties.  In  several  of  the  Perpendi- 
cular interiors  the  clerestory  windows  are 
placed  quite  irregularly  without  any  refe- 
rence to  the  number  of  arches,  while  both 
in  Somersetshire  and  East  Anglia  the 
division  into  bays  is  commonly  observed, 
and  the  bays  divided  by  shafts  either 
rising  from  corbels  above  the  pillars  or 
direct  from  the  g^nnd,  but  with  this 
diiferenoey  that  in  Somefietshire  we  com- 


1861.] 


Archreohgical  Imtiiute,  Peterborough, 


279 


11)011  ly  find  one  liirgo  clereetory  window 
in  eacb  bAy  nnd  in  East  Audita  two  smidl 
oiiei,  Mr,  Parker  alluded  to  tUe  carved 
^figures  upon  the  celllug,  and  to  the  poel- 
tion  of  the  entrance  to  the  rood-loft,  Aa 
bdng  stmiliir  to  many  found  in  the  ^m%* 

•  em  eouittiea.  The  carved  figurca  here 
of  •TchangeH  angelBf  and  cherubim,  he 
ndil,  were  carious.  The  remaina  of  the 
beautifal  chancd-screeQ  were  much  ad- 
jmred. 

At    St   Mary^fl    Chnrch,    Mr.  Parker 

^  pointed  out  \i»  most  itupartant  architec* 
tunl  features.  Here,  he  said,  was  a  chorch 

►  of  the  thirteenth  cen  tory,  exhibiting  alter- 
ations  at  different  times.  The  Early  Kng^- 
lish  church  hod  nave  and  aisles,  without 
A  doreitorj.  The  west  doorway  was  iae 
sod  Turj  ouriooB,  hut  the  circular  arch 
there  may  be  set  down  tm  being  a  lat« 
addition*  The  respouda  in  the  nave  were 
very  fine,  and  the  boldly -carved  capitals 
were  evidently  early  in  the  style.    The 

I  clustered  pillars  and  the  c^mheittled  cu« 
pitals  in  the  nave  be  thought  were 
DecN^rated  (fourteeDth  century),  judging 
from  the  fillet- moulding ;  hut  of  this  he 
would  not  speak  positively*  Ho  said  ho 
could  not  explain  the  use  of  the  oponingii 
ia  the  tower,  wliich,  before  being  blocked, 
eommsnded  a  view  of  the  interior :  they 
may  have  been  for  an  officer  of  the  church 
st.ttiuned  in  the  tower  to  know  the  pre- 
cise moment  of  the  elevation  of  the  host, 
whea  he  would  ring  the  hell  to  acquaint 
tboie  not  attending  the  service  in  the 
church,  or  they  may  have  given  acccfis  to 
a  minstrel's  gallery.  The  panelled  ceiling 
of  the  golden  choir,  or  St.  Mary's  chapel^ 
he  said,  was  very  fine,  and  ought  to  he 
stnetly  preserved.  He  was  aware  there 
was  a  prejudice  at  the  present  day  against 
•imilar  ceilings,  but  these  had  their  ad- 
vantngea  over  open  timber  roofs.  On 
l*hllliiM!*  monument  here  being  referred 
to,  Mr.  Bloxam  said  the  annour  shewn 
oo  the  male  effigy  (Sir  David  Phillips)  wis 
of  the  time  of  Henry  VI.,  but  the  monu- 
mcnt  itself  was  of  the  time  of  Henry  VI I L, 
and  waa  an  excellent  specimen  of  the 
Itatian  aehool  of  art  that  then  prevailed. 
Although  the  ^armour  shewn  on  his  effigy 
WIS  earUcr  thau  that  worn  ut  the  time  of 


Sir  David  PhilHps*ft  death,  it  was  sug- 
gested  that  as  armour  dei«cended  from  fa^ 
tber  to  son,  such  armour,  of  which  this  is 
an  example,  mighb  be  in  Sir  David*s  pos> 
session  at  the  time  of  his  death.  Mr.  Free' 
man  described  the  tower  and  spire  of  this 
church  as  being  singularly'  fine,  and  of  the 
Northamptonshire  type,  though  it  suf- 
fered, like  Taunton,  from  having  the  or- 
nament carried  too  low  down. 

The  company  next  proceeded  to  lunch- 
eon, at  which  the  Mayor  of  Stamford 
(H.  Johnson,  Ksi{.)  prcaidcdj  ailer  which 
St.  George's  Church  was  visited,  Tho 
tower  is  Early  English,  the  window  over 
tho  entrance  being  Decorated.  From  the 
tower  to  the  extreme  cast  end  the  fabric 
has  the  appearance  of  being  a  Perpcn- 
dj color  erection.  In  the  chance!  are  Bomo 
costly  monuments  (one  by  Biicon)  per- 
petuating the  memory  of  members  of  the 
Cust  family,  which  formerly  resided  In 
the  town.  In  the  reign  of  Henry  VI. 
this  church  was  enlarged  and  the  windows 
enriched  with  stained  glass  by  Wm,  Bur- 
gCHS,  Garter  King-nt-Arms,  Tho  com- 
pany next  proceeded  to  inspect  the  mo- 
nastery of  St,  I.*onard's  without  the  walls, 
which  was  founded  by  Wilfrid  about  the 
middle  of  the  seventh  century.  There  is, 
however,  nothing  left  here  older  than  tho 
twelfth  century.  The  remains  consist  of 
the  west  end  of  tho  nave,  with  live  of  the 
arches  of  the  north  arcade,  and  a  part  of 
the  clerestory  over  them.  Tlie  west  front 
consists  of  a  highly -enriched  doorway  be- 
tween two  round-headed  blank  arches: 
over  thii  va  an  arcade  uf  rouud  Hrches, 
pierced  witli  Norm  an  lights,  and  in  the 
gable  is  a  vtttica  pktrU,  The  mouldings 
throughout  arc  excellent.  In  proceeding 
from  St.  Cleorge^s  Church  to  these  remains 
the  site  of  the  Bbick  Friary  and  the  site 
of  the  south  aide  of  the  Grey  Friary  wore 
passed;  and  on  returning  into  the  town 
the  site  of  the  White  Friary,  of  wbirh 
the  western  gateway  remains,  and  the 
north  side  of  the  Grey  Friary,  were  also 
passed.  The  Grammar-school  (formerly 
St.  PauFs  Chorch)  was  then  entered:  it 
is  next  in  antiquity  to  St.  Leonoi'd's 
Priory.  The  exterior  has  a  characteristic 
string  and  corbel- table  (tweUth  ceutur)')» 


280 


Antiquarian  and  LUerary  Intelligencer. 


[Sept 


and  tho  nouth  windows  are  of  the  reign 
of  Edward  III.  Tho  foliage  of  the  capi- 
tals in  the  interior  was  described  by  Mr. 
Parker  as  being  elegant,  and  not  earlier 
than  1200.  In  passing  along  High-street 
the  Perpendicular  doorway  in  the  shop 
of  Mr.  Ucnuis,  chemist,  was  examined. 
Browne's  Hospital  ww  next  visited,  and 
In  tlio  audit-room  the  Rev.  C.  Nevinaon 
gave  a  short  account  of  the  foundation. 
Mr.  IHurker  said  the  place  in  which  they 
were  afsembled  was  the  hall  of  the  hos- 
pital, and  the  walls  were  formerly  hung 
with  tapestry.  On  descending  to  the 
chapel  he  ob*enreil  that  the  arrangement 
there  was  similar  to  other  domestic  chapels 
in  modispval  erections;  the  room  above 
w\mld  open  to  the  chapel,  and  divine 
•erviiv  W  heard  tberv  by  the  inmates  or 
visitors  when  there  was  not  room  below. 
In  the  windows  of  the  chapel  and  the 
audit -TvHHn  theiv  b  •i.'kiue  rich  painted 
glan.  There  is  a  stone  altarsdaK  with 
the  usual  Ave  cr\>*hMk  in  the  cliapel.  form- 
ing one  v>f  the  paveuvnits  of  the  dv^Y.  and 
it*  reuK>val  to  a  ^k^Uou  where  its  soHaee 
canni^  be  w\Mrn  away  by  fi*et  was  sag- 
g«rt«xt 

Al  AU  ^ut»*  Church  Mr.  Parker  said 
Ibe  ca(uials  v^f  the  pillar*  of  the  urach 
aisW  wvre  very  WautifuU  the  date  of 
whWh  was  aK.Hii  l£kV  The  cierv«tory 
was  v^*  the  time  v«f  H<rnry  VI K  The  bldmk 
arvade  oq  the  walU  v't"  the  exterior  w«s 
aIuK<to^:  unique.  Lord  TalK't  Aid  be  kraew 
of  vViN  v^toe  other  *iai*lAr  ex^ueple  of  arvni»ie- 
w\Y^  r^\;L:^l  3  be  oh'^irvb,  aed  chat  w;k  aS 
l.«f«oiur^  la  Svv;'a:nJL  wbvh  ;*  XonartTT. 
l*!ja:  a:  aV.  :sA:a^»  is  Kany  RswrV^  Mr. 
V"rv\'c«.t.*s  o.^"^'r.A>i  the  ^^i-jtsKT  ia  whxa 
:i:!i  xrvivic  b.ivi  Sx'tt  ;rv«:evl  oa  :htf  w«« 
♦.vU.'  >;i  :><  IVp^vt^i'va'ar  arvai:»fvt!k  w*h.\ 

to    .  r.-H.*rC    A    a.-^'    %   »A.*W.    iAi    Otl5    SWav 

:lso  t-vSiv*  a;»^a  *u>*c::*ji:«\l  ocJi;er>  ot*  thie 
;\ r« vtt J  vxitr  >c j  V     Vhe  ik-ut i  *at*i  %*rt^ 

;xTvoo>  %viv  ^ii:t:od  ^.*  V  ^vcy  ine. 
I'ic  >ru..i.i^  /i'  t.ic  i.^;!  .•£  ;je  oai<Ie.  oc 
..K-    .  iio    ,'i  VJ^irri   I,  >•■:!!   tiW   ij»aal 

ii.'H.     axr^-fx    Jjk*','   '.«\•^•I^.^i  4CVU«MW  43«i 


tion  of  Antiquities  was  held  in  the  Corn 
Exchange,  under  the  prendencj  of  Oe- 
tavius  Morgan,  Esq.,  M.P.,  when  M.  H. 
Bloxam,  Esq.,  read  a  valuable  eommnni- 
cation  upon 

Ths  Montth xhtal  RnLiDTB  nr  Psm- 
BOBOiroH  Cathsdral. 
He  said  that  the  cathedral  wai  nerer 
remarkable  for  the  number  or  the  atateli- 
ness  of  the  sepulchral  monuments  it  con- 
tained.   The  memorials  now  existing  were 
confined,  with  one  exception,  to  a    few 
ancient  recumbent  eiBgies  of  abbots,  not 
<me  of  which  oecopted  its  original  posi- 
tion, or  bore  any  inscription  to  inform  ns 
what  abbot  it  represented.    The  effigies 
are  six  in  number :  the  most  ancient  be- 
longs to  the  hUter  part  of  the  twdfth 
century ;  four  to  dUTerent  periods  of  the 
thirteenth  century;  andtherenudningooe 
to  the  early  part  of  the  sixteenth  oentnry. 
The  most  ancient  cfEgy,  at  the  bndc  of 
the  high  altar,  he  ascribed  to  Abbot  Bene- 
dict, who  died  in  1195,  or  to  Andreas^ 
who  <fied  in  1199.   The  seeond  effigy  from 
the  wfst  end  of  the  south  aisle  he  ascribed 
to  Abbot  Bobeii  de  Lyndesere,  who  is 
sKd  to  have  erected  the  west  front,  and 
to  have  dxd  in  1£S;  Googh  assigns  this 
to  Abbot  Martin,  who  ficd  in  115S.    The 
third  frvB  the  west  end  he  ascribed  to 
Walter  de  Sc  Edaraad,  who  &d  in  1M6^ 
or  to  IW  Eococ  Us  saeeesBor,  in  1249; 
Goosrh  Kts  it  down  to  John  of  SaEshory, 
who^&d  ui  lUS.    The  irst  effigy  at  the 
wvsc  end  Ococh  aast^vs  to  Andreas^  who 
£ed  in  ll^^'bofi  he  aseribed  it  to  John 
de  Caafico.  whk}  fed  m  1:963.    The  Bost 
catfwar^I  of  the  wriss  nnder  the  wall  of 
tile  «.nit&  sisfe  w  of  a  kfier  dsfte  tfaasi  the 
I'or  ccaeca.  hiener  m. 
of  a  aMK  eivanotd  pen 
awikr»  ^6  Qi7  AMua  •&»  T« 
11^:   Mr.B&?aB.  kiwmr,  asezibcd  it 
to  Ricuard  i»  LdB&ML  wbs  dfad  In  1296w 
rbew  «dl^^  «niBir  fraoa  oAv  esaly  cpt- 
i«.vral  <diff^f»  ^  atfC 
cc  :he  ^aod  rsiMd  *&  the  met  ot  { 
a  >ie»ui^  and  In  %h»  s?>ssiss  of  a  i 
3c€  yec  jraace%I  W  ^hese  ahhuCs;  hsdl  they 
i/rtn  TMritai^  3ihi  i 
ef  ;«cam&«tt  sfcw  sT 


1861.] 


ArchtEohffical  Society, 


281 


tbbatlal  rank  anywhere  to  be  found  Lii 
tbis  ooantry.  The  sixth  eifigy  is  on  the 
floor  of  the  south  able  of  the  clioir ;  it  ii 
iDueh  miitiliited  from  the  materml  being 
'  danch  or  ch&lk- stone;  it  is  of  much 
aier  date  than  the  uthen,  nnd  was 
aicribed  by  Mr.  Blo^am  to  Robert  de 
Kirton*  who  died  iq  1528. 

In  16^13  the  inonnment  of  Bishop  Dove^ 
who  died  in  1630,  and  thoso  in  bnis^,  were 
demoli»ht;d  or  torn  awiiy  by  the  Farliu* 
^raentarian  troops.    Some  of  the  slabs  now 
I  part  of  the  pavement  of  the  vestibule 
|«f  the  west  entrance.     Since  this  derasta* 
l^n  but  one  monument  of  not«  has  been 
itet  up,  jtnd  this  one  Is  that  of  Thomas 
I  Deacon,  Esq.,  who  died  in  172l«     It  is  of 
ommon place  detiign,  but  fairly  executed, 
nd  marks  the  period  in  which  the  ordi- 
nry  costntne  of  the  day  is  adhered  to, 
hough  some  persons  of  the  same  duto  are 
represented  in  the  costume  of  R^nman  war- 
riors, as  they  had  si^en  that  day  in  one  ot  the 
Burleigh  ^unlly  at  }<^  tarn  ford*    The  monu* 
at  of  Heddaand  his  monks,  slaughtered 
■  the  Danes  in  870,  spoken  of  by  Mr, 
Jame«  as  the    most    ancient    sepulchral 
monoment    in    the    kingdom,   was    next 
•  ireated  of.     The  account  of  the  shiughter 
I  given  in  the  **  Saxon  Chronicle,"  and 
the  history  of  Ingulf,  Abbot  of  CYoy- 
nd,  who  died  in  1109.    The  authenticity 
r  tbia  work  of  Ingulf  was,  however,  ques* 
,  and  as  no  early  MS.  of  this  history 
Is  known  to  exist,  it  is  supposed  to  have 
boon  produced  in  the  fourteenth  century, 
ikud  a  work  of  fiction  rather  than  history. 
After  a  careful  examination  of  the  stgue. 


Mr.  Bloxnm's  opinion  was  that  it  is  of  a 
date  at  lea^^t  two  centuries  later  than  S7U, 
as  the  sculpture  and  detail  are  of  a  more 
advanced  period,  and  that  the  figures  on 
the  side  do  not  represent  monks,  bnt  onr 
Lord  and  eleven  of  His  apostles.  The 
work  rather  agreef)  with  other  ancient 
Norman  work  than  with  Saxon,  and  the 
probability  is  that  it  belonged  to  the  closo 
of  the  eleventh  century,  and  was  originally 
a  Normrtn  shrine,  or  part  of  a  Norman 
shrine.  It  may  have  been  fixed  over  some 
of  the  relics  with  which  the  monastery 
was  emicbed,  and  the  work  wa$  probably 
of  the  same  age  and  by  the  same  hand  as 
the  sculptured  stones  now  to  be  seen  in  the 
wall  of  Flett^n  Church.  Mr.  Bloxiim  then 
proceeded  to  notice  the  statue  of  a  monk 
in  the  costume  of  the  Bvnedictine  order, 
which  oconpiea  a  niche  in  the  gateway  of 
the  Bishop's  palace.  It  is  a  good  speci- 
men of  art  of  the  thirteenth  century,  and 
wtta  nuticLHl  by  Flax  man.  Why  a  cast  of 
it  should  appear  in  the  Crystid  Pidace,  at 
Sydenham,  under  the  name  of  "  St.  Luke," 
he  did  not  know. 

Some  dbcnssion  ensued,  which  was  closed 
by  a  remurk  from  the  liev»  Lord  Alwyne 
Compton  that  it  was  a  sad  instance  of  the 
want  of  knowledge  of  archaeologists  of 
a  past  day,  when  they  could  represent 
a  ihiine  with  our  Lord  and  His  spostlea 
upon  it  as  a  sepulchral  monument  of 
monks  slaughtered  by  Dunes. 

The  Rev.  J.  L.  W»rner  then  read  a 
paper  on  the  **  MS.  Chrt>nicle  and  Cbartu- 
lary  of  Robert  Switpham,"  prescrvcnl  in 
the  Cathedral  library. 


(lb  he  ciHiiimted,) 


KENT  ARCH^OLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


Juf*f  31,  Avff.  1.  The  annual  meeting 
was  held  at  Maidstone,  under  the  presi- 
ncy  of  the  Mabquis  Camden,  and  was 
Attended  even  more  nnmerouHly  than  usual 
by  the  nobility,  clergy,  and  gentry  of  the 
only,  as  well  as  by  many  weU>known 
litiqnBries  from  other  districts.  The 
weather  was  as  fine  as  could  be  dedred, 
and  everything  went  off  siatisfactorily. 
Hmong  the  company,  beside  tlie  noble 
Prcaidentt  with  whom  wero  tho  £arl  of 
Gnrr*  Mao.  Vol.  CCXl. 


Brecknock  and  the  Ladies  Caroline  and 
Frances  l*ratt,  were  the  Earl  and  Countess 
Amherst,  the  E»rl  and  Countess  Stanhoi>e, 
the  Ladies  ComwaUis,  Caroline  Nevill, 
Isabel  niigh»  Harriet  Mar»ham,  Frances 
Fletcher,  Lord  Arthur  Clinton,  the  Hon. 
Ralph  and  Mr*.  Novilh  the  Hon.  Mrs, 
HLlgh,  the  Hon.  Florence  and  Lucy  Bos* 
cawvn.  Lady  Sandys^  Sir  Brook  Bridges, 
M.P.,  Sir  Edmund  and  Lady  Filuier,  Sir 
rcroeval  and  Lady  Hart  Dyke,  iair  Walter 
u  m 


282 


Antiquarian  and  Liierary  Intelligencer. 


[Sept. 


and  Ladj  Caroline  Stirling,  Ladj  and 
the  Miites  Xaniel,  the  Bishop  of  Labnan, 
the  Ber.  L.  B.  Larking,  K.  P.  Coatei,  H. 
Stevena,  and  manj  others,  mcwtlj  aooom- 
panied  bj  their  fitmiliet ;  the  High  Sheriff 
of  Kent,  the  Mayor  of  Maidstone,  Mr. 
Beresford  Hope,  Mr.  and  Miss  Wykeham 
Martin,  Admiral  Jones-Marsham,  CoL  and 
Mrs.  Cator,  Col  and  Mrs.  Fletcher,  Capt. 
Cheere,  B.N.,  Mr.  'Espinaase,  Mr.  Day, 
J.  P.,  Messrs.  Benstead,  Betts,  Brencfaley, 
Simmonds,  Warde  Norman,  ^Vhatman; 
Mr.  Godfrey  Faossett,  Mr.  Parker  (of  Ox- 
ford),  &c.  Ac 

Jul^  31.  The  Marquis  Camden  took 
the  chair  at  the  Town-hall,  Maidstone, 
when  the  report  was  read,  which  stated 
the  progress  made  by  the  Society. 

"  When  we  met  at  Dover  last  year  it 
was  announced  that  798  members  had 
joined  the  Sodcty  since  its  formation  in 
1S57 ;  we  then  immediately  admitted  22 
new  members.  At  the  September  Council 
we  elected  10,  in  December  21.  in  April  11, 
and  in  June  6.  Ibis  djiy  we  shall  offer 
the  names  of  33  candidates,  which  will 
bring  up  the  numbers  to  901  elected  since 
the  Sfxriety  was  first  instituted.  With 
regard  to  funds,  at  our  bankers  we  have 
a  iMilance  of  £192,  and  we  have  invested 
£272  in  the  Three  per  Cents/' 

The  third  volume  of  the  Proceedings 
was  announced  as  nearly  ready  for  delivery, 
and  from  \)enona\  inKpcction  we  can  state 
that  it  will  be  in  no  wise  inferior  to  its 
predecessors.  The  report  then  alluded  to 
the  discovery  of  rare  and  lieautiful  Anglo- 
Saxon  ornaments  in  a  grave  at  Sarr,  in 
August,  1860,  to  which  we  have  heretofore 
alluded  <i,  stated  the  circumMtances  under 
which  their  acquitiition  by  the  Society  had 
been  prevented,  and  coneladed  with  a  re- 
commend ition  that  it  would  be  well  to  bee 
acted  on  by  every  other  local  body. 

"In  reference  to  this  disappointment, 
wc  would  earnestly  press  upon  our  members 
the  duty  of  lecuriiig,  each  in  his  own 
neighlx>urhood,  every  object  of  antiquarian 
interest  that  may  be  discovered,  with 
u  view  to  the  formation  of  a  Museum  in 
thiH  county,  the  oldest  of  the  Saxon  king- 
doms, and  the  richest  in  buried  treasure 
of  each  successive  raee  of  colonists — that 

*  Okxt.  Ma<i.,  No?,  imu  p.  533. 


in  thb  Mnsenm  may  be  deposited  the  relics 
of  these  different  races,  that  antiquaries 
may  have  the  means  of  examining  them 
almost  in  situ,  and  that  the  history  of 
these  various  tribes  may  be  thus  gradoally 
and  fnlly  developed." 

The  Cooncil,  anditors,  &c.,  having  been 
app(nnted,  the  Chairman  announced  that 
the  Rev.  Lambert  B.  Larking,  the  hon. 
secretary  and  de  facto  founder  of  the 
Sodety,  had  intimated  his  wish  to  retire 
on  account  of  failing  health.  This  an- 
Dooncement  was  received  with  much 
regret,  and,  after  a  vote  of  thanks  to  Mr. 
Larking,  (who  was  appointed  a  Vice-Presi- 
dent, so  that  the  Coundl  might  still  have 
the  benefit  of  his  advice  and  assistance,) 
J.G.Talbot,  Esq.,  of  New  Falconhurst, 
Edenbridge,  was  unanimously  chosen  in 
his  room. 

All  SAnrrs'  Church,  Maidstove. 
After  passing  the  customary  votes  of 
thanks,  the  Society  proceeded  to  All  Saints' 
Church,  where  Mr.  Beresford  Hope  de- 
livered a  lecture  on  that  edifice,  and 
Mr.  Parker(of  Oxford)afterwards  described 
the  college  and  adjoining  buildings.  Mr. 
Hope  observed  that  All  Saints*  Church, 
the  college,  the  palace,  and  the  old  bam 
on  the  opposite  side  of  the  road,  formed 
as  interesting  a  group  of  buildings  of  the 
fourteenth  and  fifteenth  centuries  as  could 
be  found  anywhere  in  England,  and  would 
be  noticeable  anywhere  in  Continental 
Northern  Europe.    He  then  proceeded, — 

*'  We  all  of  us  see  that  this  church  is 
one  of  unusual  size  compared  with  the 
ordinary  parish  churches  up  and  dowu  the 
country.  At  the  same  time  there  is  a 
certain  degree  of  sameness  in  the  archi- 
tecture which  we  do  not  find  in  other 
buildings  of  inferior  size  to  this.  1  pre- 
sume that  all  present  are  acquainted  with 
the  rudiments  of  architecture,  but  as  some 
may  be  more  so  and  some  leas,  it  may  be 
as  well  to  remind  you  that  this  church 
belongs  to  the  third  period  of  architecture 
in  this  country,  or  what  is  termed  the 
Perpendicular  style, — a  style  supposed  to 
be  invented  by  William  of  Wykeham,  the 
Bishop  of  Winchester,  and  which  con- 
tinued in  vogue  till  Gothic  architecture 
broke  down  under  the  revival  of  the 
Italian,  which  characterised  English  art 
in  the  sixteenth  century,  and  rather  earlier 
niKin  the  Coutinent    This  Perpendicular 


iSSl.] 


Zefif  jhrch(^ologtcal  Society. 


•lyle,  I  m«y  explain,  ib  peculliir  to  Eng« 
land,  iver  on  I  be  Contuunit  the  ctinnge 
Ltoiik  nnother  form,  Instend  ot*  ndc^iting^ 
is  stiff  attd  rigid  style,  the  thirtl  fM-ri^Kl  of 
I  Con  til  lent  ftl  AreViitei'ture  Is  diptinifuiftbcd 
llbr  it*  greater  frowlom,  sio  mudi  flo  that 
Lib  U  trrmed  tbt*  Flnuiboynnt  style,  in  con> 
of  the  window  tracery  resembling 

•*1  wnll  DOW  direct  your  attention  to 

the  6ne  Bjieciincn  of  tbe   Perpendicular 

[style  in   wbieb  we   are   standing.     Thi» 

[  elioreh   of  All   SMitnt*  was  bnilt  in   the 

[  ftiign  of  Ridiard  11.  by  Arrbbisbop  Coar* 

[  t«rnny»  not  one  of  tbe  nio«t  emitu'nt  of  tbo 

pr,  LKiwImr.*  , -f  Canterbury,  but   Rtill  one 

M  niche  in  tbe  page  of  histcrry. 

wnB  an  old   residence  of  tlie 

I  brvbbi-liMps,  nnd  Conrtenny  tecmB  t«  have 

hod  %  fpi  eial  predilci'tlon  for  it.     Accord- 

fn;:ly,  ia  1395  he  g<it  tbe  lvi?>^*s  Uconte 

%()   tmnsfoTm    the  '>ld   parish   cbupcb   of 

I  St,  Mary  into  a  collegiate  cburcb  finder 

the  mmie  of  All  Saint*.     It  in  a  common 

idea  that  reliiHou»  bouses  eonsisted  only 

I  Df   iDonasterie«i    and    nunneries.      If  hy 

'  inonistery  is  ny?ant  a  number  of  clergy 

!  tiring   tngetber  and    perfonning    divine 

pervice,   the   idea   ii   correct ;    but   these 

[▼hrion*  corporations   had   great   iiiteniul 

diBtinetion«.     Thug  tbe  clergy  of  a  col- 

\  li'giate  cbiireb  were  l>ound  by  mnch  le« 

[  ttnct   rules   than  the  friars  nnd  monks. 

k  Thiw,  then,  was  a  collejriate  church.   Kven 

I  lo  thiK  dny  Windfior  and  We*trainfitcT  Ab- 

btfy  peirtftiu  collegiate  chnrcbcA,  governed 

by  their  old  fitatutea,  and  in  i^ery  res^^yect 

ftiinibir   to   the   old    eorp«>Tation!*,    except 

that  itwtewl  of  b^iiig  condemncHl  to  bncbe- 

)orho(i<l  for  life,  I  be  clergy  arc  now  allowed 

to  foiirpy.     Now  tbe  qtitntion  «r3se*,  H«w 

in  it   that  this  church  of  All  S^iinlt*  is  of 

fucb  cofHidemblc  sizcP     Shnply  because 

Arebhiibop  Courtenavi  when  be  obtained 

the  myal  charter  to  cQn%'ert.  the  old  church 

of  St.  Mary  into  a  collegiate  church,  with 

A  muster  and  %\%  cbajtiains.rt  budt  it  aecr»rd> 

Ing  to,  and  consisttent  witb»  the  gr»^at*.T 

dignity  of  his  new  fotrndation.     ft  it  bad 

beeu  an  older  fuondation,  we  whould  |ipo- 

bably  have  seen,  as  we  do  see  In  so  many 

other   buildings,  speciniena    of   different 

»iyl«ft  in  different  parts — a  Norman  arch 

here,  a  Pointed  window  here,  a  Per|iendi- 

cnlar   toof  alcove,  and   so   on.     Hot  this 

church  waft  built  at  once  by  a  rich  and 

powerftil  man;   and  although,  no  doubt, 

Archbii*ho|»  Court ♦'tiay  dletl  bpfore  it"  com- 

pletinn,  yrt  it  wa;<  stifbcieutly  ridvunced  at 

the  time  of  i  is  death  to  ensun*  ibc  *iirry- 

lug  out  of  htfl  plans.     Tlnis  the  «tx'*  and 

rv^giilanty  of  tbe  building  are  accounted 

for.     Courlciiay   had  fvr  bis    fritud  qu^ 


John  Woo«t/ni,  a  ainou  of  Clilcho«ter,  and 
the  first  muster  ot  I  hi*  colli  ge,  a  clev«r 
and  active,  and  probably  at  the  Rjtni© 
time  a  money-making  man.  I  bold  in 
my  bond  o  copy  of  Wooltou's  will,  wbieb 
is  altt>g*^tber  a  very  curiou»  document.  \a 
a  kind  of  protest  ngaiiist  tbe  great  sninii- 
tnousnesa  nf  funends  in  those  days,  be  di- 
rect* tbnt  five  bgbia  only  shall  he  burnt 
upon  bi#  coJl!n,  one  upon  his  breast,  and 
one  upon  each  of  the  four  corners  of  the 
hearse,  in  memory  of  our  Lord's  wouixis. 
He  id*4j  direct*  tl'at  only  a  certain  number 
of  torches  shall  Ive  burnt,  and  wisely  pro- 
iride«i  when  tlM\Y  »re  io  be  put  out,  and  what 
u*e  shall  be  made  of  them  afterwards, 

"  1  sbonid  slate  that  Arch  bishop  Cour- 
tenay  orilered  bis  body  to  be  burietl  in 
the  churchyard  of  Maidstone.  There  is, 
bowercr,  n  leiger-book  at  Canterbury, 
which  mitintely  describes  the  Archbi shop's 
burial  in  the  cathedral,  and  it  has  b>rg 
been  a  disputed  point  amongst  antiqiiariea 
whether  Courtcnay  wai  buried  here  or  at 
Canterbury.  Near  the  centre  of  tbe  cbnn- 
cel  here,  there  is  a  I&rge  slab,  with  tbd 
matrix  for  a  braas  representing  the  figure 
of  an  archbishop;  and  some  years  since 
a  skeleton  was  round  fieneatb  that  stone, 
though  there  is  nothing  to  lead  us  to  sup- 
|>ose  it  Uy  be  that  ofC'urtenjjy;  on  the 
contrary,  it  was  iipptirently  the  skeleton 
of  a  younger  man.  There  is  one  hohition 
of  tiie  difliculty  which  1  have  not  yet 
seen,  and  which  I  throw  ont  with  great 
diflideiice  for  the  consideration  of  men 
who  can  jmlge  of  its  value  bettor  than 
m>8elf.  Why  should  not  Courtcnay  have 
been  buried,  so  to  speak,  in  both  places  f 
The  suggestion  is  not  so  ridiculous  as  at 
first  sight  appear*.  We  know  that  in  the 
middle  ages  it  was  one  of  tbe  barbarous  cus- 
toms of  the  times — a  custom  which  is  even 
now  occasionally  follow  chI  m  the  case  of  royal 
f^inerals — to  divide  the  deaid  l)0«ly*  and  bury 
the  heart  or  intestine*  in  one  place  and  the 
rest  of  the  remains  elsewhere.  In  this 
ca«e,  Courtcnay  wished  to  be  buried  ot 
Maidstone,  the  clergy  of  Canterbury  natu- 
rally wished  to  bury  th«ir  ecclesiastical 
chief  in  tbe  cathedral ;  for  in  those  day* 
a  feelincr  of  jealousy  probably  existed  to- 
tween  the  two  towns  instead  of  that  mag- 
nanimons  spirit  which  I  suppose  now  pre- 
vails. Why  abottld  not  the  diflerence  have 
been  split?  Why  shouhl  nntthe  leigvr- 
book  of  Canterbury  speak  the  triith  in 
ti'lling  us  that  Conrt#'uay's  btsly  was 
buried  there  ?  why  itbould  not  bis  heart, 
or  some  other  portion  uf  \m  remains,  have 
been  buried  in  this  his  eollegiute  church, 
nnd  been  covcrtKl  over  by  thst  stone  in 
the  chancel  F     Thi*  reconcile*  both   the 


284 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  IntelUgencer. 


[Sopt. 


oonflictiDg  duima,  and,  it  maj  be,  is  the 
real  truth. 

"  Wootton  died  in  1417.  Some  ten  or 
twelve  masters  followed  in  succession,  none 
of  them  men  of  any  p*eat  mark  till  we 
come  to  Richard  Grocyn,  a  really  eminent 
man,  who  lived  at  the  bef^inning  of  the 
sixteenth  century,  the  period  of  the  revival 
of  clnssical  literature,  and  who  was  the 
friend  and  correspondent  of  the  well-known 
Erasmus. 

"  Coming  back  to  architectural  matters, 
you  are  probably  all  aware  that  in  all 
churches  in  every  country,  more  or  less, 
there  are  certain  broad  divisions  to  be 
noted.  There  is  a  provision  for  the  congre- 
gation called  the  nave  and  aisles — there  is 
a  provision  for  the  clergy  who  officiate, 
which  may  be  only  one  small  reading-desk, 
but  which,  in  buildings  of  greater  preten- 
sions and  in  churches  serv^  bv  corporate 
bodies,  developes  itself  into  a  chancel  and 
into  such  a  series  of  stalls  as  those  which 
here  run  round  the  chancel,  and  under  the 
seats  of  some  of  which  may  be  found  the 
arms  of  Archbishop  Courtenay.  Beyond 
this  is  a  place  for  the  Lord's  table,  and 
near  the  chief  western  entrance  is  placed 
the  font.  These  wain  divisions  run  through 
churches  and  chapels — great  and  small. 
But  what  mean  those  broad  ait>les  and 
wide-spanned  aisles  in  the  body  of  the 
church,  and  these  narrow  aisles  in  the 
chancel?  In  the  olden  time,  when  the 
simplicity  of  the  early  Christians  had  been 
departed  from,  and  the  custom  of  saying 
numerous  Masses  had  grown  up,  room  was 
desired  and  demanded  for  altars.  In  tbis 
church  there  were  four  of  these  altars — 
two  only  being  in  the  chancel  aisle^, — one 
in  the  Corpus  Christi  Chapel,  another  to 
Becket,  a  third  to  St.  Catherine,  and  a 
fourth  in  the  Lady-chapel.  In  this  we  see 
the  reason  of  the  arrangement  to  which  I  re- 
ferred, for  two  of  these  altars  stood  against 
the  end  walls  of  the  lusles.  Those  richly- 
worked  canopies  to  the  south,  within  the 
cuniniunion-rails,  are  sedilia,  or  the  seats 
occupied  by  tlie  clergy  when  they  attended 
the  Communion-service.  In  some  modern 
churches,  built  within  the  last  twenty 
years,  these  sedilia  have  been  revived. 
Tliey  are  altoj^ether  unobjectionable,  and 
much  more  suited  to  the  dignity  of  the 
Ilouac  of  God  tiian  the  ordinary  moveable 
chairs.  At  the  back  of  these  sedilia,  im- 
mediately facing  the  south-east  door,  is 
the  tomb  of  Thomas  Wootton,  which  is 
not  only  cnrious  as  an  example  of  monu- 
mental art  at  the  beginning  ot  the  fifteenth 
century,  hut  also  as  a  8j)ecimen  of  painting 
at  a  luriod  when  even  in  Italy  the  art  of 
painting  was  comparatively  young,  and  of 


course  still  younger  in  thii  ooantry.  It 
represents  an  archangel,  lappoted  to  be 
Gabriel,  with  the  figures  of  St.  Oatbcrine 
and  St.  Mark.  Th«e  U  another  picture 
representing  two  figures,  luppoied  to  be 
Becket,  the  patron  saint  of  Canterlmry, 
and  Richard  De  la  Wyche;,  the  cenoniwd 
Bishop  of  Chichester." 

After  a  passing  allnnon  to  the  clere- 
story, and  to  the  triforium,  or  arceded 
gallery,  which  is  firequently  found  running 
down  the  body  of  large  churches  orer  the 
great  arches,  but  is  absent  here,  Mr.  Hope 
adverted  to  the  roof: — 

"  In  the  two  earlier  styles  of  architec- 
ture, the  roofs,  whether  of  grmned  stone 
or  of  wood-work,  were  of  high  pitch,  but 
in  the  third  period,  or  Perpendicular  styles 
roofs  of  wood-work  were  introduced,  some- 
times of  a  high  but  sometimes  of  m  very 
low  pitch.  From  all  accounts,  the  old 
roof  of  All  Saints'  Church  was  a  handsome 
one,  supported  by  stone  corbels  running 
down  the  side  of  the  church.  But  in  1790 
the  people  of  Maidstone  were  very  derer, 
and  no  doubt  thought  they  would  improve 
the  appearance  of  the  church  by  putting 
up  a  lath  and  plaster  ceiling.  I  do  not 
know  whether  the  archsBologist  who  visits 
this  church  in  1890  will  find  the  kith  and 
plaster  gone,  but  I  hope  that  with  the  im- 
proved state  of  feeling  on  these  matters^ 
this  grievous  eyesore  will  as  speedily  as 
possible  be  removed.  I  do  not  wish  for  it 
to  fall  down  upon  a  Sunday  while  people 
are  at  church,  but  if  it  were  to  tumble 
down  some  quiet  week-day  it  would  be  a 
good  thing,  and  I  have  no  doubt  that  the 
people  of  Maidstone  would  have  public 
spirit  sufficient  to  restore  the  roof  to  its 
original  state.  In  1730  the  church  suf- 
fered a  serious  deprivation  by  the  loss  of 
the  spire,  eighty  feet  high,  which  sur- 
mounted the  fine  old  tower,  and  which  was 
struck  by  lightning  and  biunt  down. 

"  When  I  first  knew  this  church,  it  was 
seated  with  great  heavy  square  pews,  with 
galleries  running  round  the  aisles.  In 
1700  the  people  of  Maidstone  determined 
to  repew  their  old  church,  and  they  re- 
placed the  old  oak  seats  by  the  ugly  pews 
which  till  recent  times  disfigured  the 
charch.  But  the  course  of  this  repewing, 
like  the  course  of  true  love,  did  not  run 
altogether  smooth.  At  the  time  of  which 
I  speak,  a  Mr.  Gilbert  Innes  was  the  mi- 
nister. The  Mote  then,  as  now,  belonged 
to  the  Marsham  family.  Sir  Robert  Mar- 
sham  being  in  1700  the  occupier.  The  old 
Archbishop*s  Palace  was  then  held  by  Sir 
Jacob  Astley,  a  Norfolk  squire,  to  whom 


[861.] 


Kent  Archaeological  Society, 


285 


it  liad  pflR^^l  from  Lord  Artley.  To  the 
Fjihitv  was  utt  Ached,  by  a  grcLnt  from  the 
ArrlihisViop  of  Canterb«r>%  a  ccrttiin  iium- 
her  of  pews  in  tho  jjarisb  cLiirfh  j  and  a 
good  deal  of  corresiwndence  seems  to  have 
pused  betwoen  Mr.  Gilbert  Iiitjc's  and  Sir 
Jacob  Astler  when  the  subject  of  repewing 
the  church  wtia  under  discusfiitui. 

**  Jlr.  Scudiiraore  ha»  kindly  placed  in 
my  btintlK  the  letters  of  Mr.  lniie«,  a  few 
^trActs  from  which  may  not  be  uuln- 
terestinp-.  Ttiey  run  betweeu  July  and 
Decrinber,  1700.  Mr,  Gilhert  lunes  wn8 
widely  desirous  to  propitiate  the  powers 
that  hCf  and  accordingly  in  hii  first  tetter 
he  informs  Sir  Jacob  that '  your  seat*  »h«ll 
be  bailt  at  the  public  charge  as  the  others 
are,  if  you  please.  The  reason  is  beeanjie 
the  parish  is  willing  to  leave  it  to  the 
gentry  to  do  something  of  theiiiielvos  to- 
wardii  the  lieautifyiug  of  the  cburch  as 
they  shall  think  fit/  H©  goes  on  to  say 
that  Sir  Jacob  is  believed  to  have  *  more 
room  in  the  church  than  any  gentleman 
or  nobleman  hath  in  such  a  town  &s  this/ 
and  he  delicately  reminds  the  worthy 
baronet  that  thw  church  posssessed  one 
•  noble  monument*  of  bin  predeceiiftor*s  re- 
syieet  for  it  in  the  shape  of  'a  large  silver 
flagoii  for  the  Comuiunion,  which  hohk  a 
gallon/  In  the  sunie  letter  the  rev.  gen- 
Ueman  informs  Sir  Jjicob  that  the  new 
pews  will  he  somewhat  diflercntly  arranged, 
'becanse  the  labouring  men  and  waggoners 
flUnding  In  the  sjmce  wliere  you  and  Sir 
Bnhert  entered,  and  my  Lady  Tavlor'g 
and  the  other  gentry's  seats,  was  oflenaive 
to  t1it»m/  Sir  Jacob  seems  to  have  been 
fearful  kst  he  should  be  deprived  of  an 
inch  of  tJie  unipk?  space  apportioned  tn 
himi,  and  mevenil  letters  from  Mr.  Innes 
contain  mlnata  details  as  to  the  position 
and  81  *e  of  bts  pew,  the  rev.  gentleman 
assuring  Sir  Jacob  of  his  devotion  to  his 
interests,  and  th>tt  he  will  not  lose  any- 
thing by  the  alteration.  '^The  Norfulk 
wjuire  is  also  informed  that  his  pew  shall 
be  in  no  wii«  inferior  to  that  of  8ir  Robert 
Mantham,  and  if  the  latter  has  carved  work 
the  rev.  gentleman  will  take  care  to  inform 
bim.  However,  Sir  Jacob  seemH  to  have 
be*'n  hard  to  please,  for  on  October  12th 
Mr.  Innes  ht^gins  bis  letter: — •  Right  Wor- 
shtpf^h — I  am  no  lo«s  weary  than  you  are 
about  the  scats.  Ibis  business  hath  givi'n 
Imth  you  and  me  the  trouble  of  many 
letters^  and  1  have  hnd  many  hard  words 
about  tliem/  He  concludes  bis  letter  by 
rec|uesting  Sir  Jactib,  if  he  has  anything 
more  to  say  al)Out  the  pews,  to  write  to 
a  Mr.  PiertHS,  uWiTving,  *  I  have  buKtled 
I  eiioogbj  res  0fi  ad  hue  imtf^a,  and  I  de^ 
fc      mn  to  be  excuMd  from  meddling  any 


mftre,*  However,  the  rer.  gentleman  doM 
write  again  on  tlie  2 1  at  of  0('toV*pr,  giving 
Boiue  particul  If*  alxjut  the  s*^at4#,  and  in- 
forming Sir  Jacob  that  both  hia  and  Sir 
Robert  Marsham's  pews  will  '  stand  a  foot 
above  the  rest  of  the  seats  on  that  side, 
and  will  look  very  noble/  At  the  same 
time  Mr.  hit  ea  expresses  a  hope  that  Sir 
Jacob  will  leave  the  materials  of  his  old 
seats  to  the  churchwardens,  'to  be  em- 
ploye<l  with  the  other  old  seats  for  build- 
ing a  range  of  leatH  tinder  the  gallery,  aa 
it  is  intended  for  the  ordinary  sort  of 
people-/ 

**  But  perhaps  the  most  cunous  of  the 
whole  series  of  letters  is  the  last,  in  which 
the  rev.  gentleman  writes : — •  Right  Wor- 
ship fnl,^ — Your  seats  are  fhmished,  and  the 
locks  put  on,  and  the  keys — one  I  de- 
livered to  Mr.  Kingsley,  another  to  my 
Lady  Faunoe,  a  third  I  have;  the  rest  for 
the  servants*  seats  Mr,  French  bath,  I 
ordered  my  wife  to  t^ke  posarK§ion  of  your 
seat  as  your  tenant  and  in  your  rij^ht. 
My  Lady  Faynoe  was  angry  at  this,  think- 
ing it  a  dispttragement  to  her  tlmt  the 
parson's  wife  should  sH  with  her,  and  told 
my  wife  that  some  did  take  notice  of  it 
that  the  parsi^^m's  wife  flbould  lit  above  all 
the  ladicii.'  After  stating  that  he  directtsd 
his  wife  t^  sit  there  simply  to  assort  Sir 
Jacuh'g  right,  the  rev.  gentleman  pro- 
ceeds:— *The  truth  is  my  Lady  Fauiice 
is  very  oneasy.  Sbe  pretends  that  you 
gave  her  leave  to  iit  in  your  seat,  and 
takes  it  ill  that  Captain  Kin^ky  and 
his  lady  should  sit  tu  it.  and  brings  in  all 
her  friends,  ©very  strange  pec»ple  that 
came  from  London  to  mo  her.  On  the 
other  hand,  C;iptaiti  Kingsley  takes  it  ill 
that  my  Lady  sIiduI*!  do  this,  he  dwelling 
in  your  hou^e;  and  Mru.  Kingj^ley  tnkes 
it  ill  that  my  Lady's  youngest  daughter 
should  take  place  of  her  in  the  seat  be- 
cause she  is  an  Estj'rs  eldest  daugbter^ 
and  the  Captain  is  hu  Esquire  by  his 
office,  and  mighty  animosities  there  are 
between  them  upon  thiw  account,  I  told 
my  Lady  that  if  my  wife  i?hould  sit  there 
none  could  be  ju«tly  oll'ended,  for  Mrs. 
French  sits  as  high  as  my  wife.  My  Lady 
M:irsham*s  woman  sitH  in  her  seat  when 
she  is  not  at  churchy  and  my  Lady  Taylor's 
woman  sometimes  sits  with  her,  and  my 
wife  nor  1  never  were  to  be  servants  to 
any.  1  speak  not  thvii  from  ambition — ► 
what  I  have  done  in  this  matter  is  to 
serve  you/  The  rev.  gentleman  then  uaks 
for  instructions  bow  to  proceed,  at  the 
same  time  observing,^*  1  will  not  presume 
to  dictate  to  you,  who  know  betTer  than 
I  whttt  is  tit  to  bo  done.  There  is  no 
gentlemaa  in  Enghuid  who  should  live  ia 


286 


Antiqwariam  and  Liiertaj  htefligemcer. 


[Sept. 


jrnir  booK  wooM  b*  mmt  t^rnVr  of  yowr 
risrbM  to  pf>«<^nre  tbem  »han  I  mm,  oc 
wcqU!  pay  y^ir  rent  better.  Y«i  may 
iMire  it  wh«i  it  u  d?ie^  <*  b**fore  if  yoo 
Ittre  any  ooca«i/.n  fr^  it.'  Th'«  canaoM 
enrrenprndeoce  •*-««•  that  thinsrs  were 
maaafrfid  much  theatme  in  1700  as  in  18^. 
"  To  paM  in  :  a  hetUr  time  at  length 
arrired,  when  people  becan^  avare  of  the 
a^neM  of  the  old  pewii,  aod  a  man  of 
great  talent,  <»e  whom  I  am  more  anxioos 
to  pra'Ae  becanne  be  is  no  longer  liTing, 
the  late  Mr.  Carpenter,  wa<  employed  to 
snperin^end  the  alteration  of  tbe  cfanrefa. 
He  Unit  removed  the  orsran  to  the  place 
it  tvm  ffceapiefi  orer  the  rettrj — a  Te«try, 
by  the  way,  of  trn^rnlar  nze,  nnd  emsist- 
ent  with  the  (!i^tt>  of  the  cl  orch.  The 
ebancel  was  restored,  the  (ralWies  swept 
away,  and  the  old  pews  replaced  by  oaken 
benrhes.  I  see  that  a  rerr  lar^  stone 
pnlpit  has  recei.tly  been  snbstitnted  for 
the  pretty  wooden  pnlpit  put  np  by  Mr. 
Car(>eTiter.  It  \m  perhaps  hanlly  ^rracions 
to  sjjeak  in  other  than  terms  of  praise  of 
fo  monifirent  a  gift,  bat  still  I  am  rather 
jealrms  of  the  credit  of  my  dt-ceaiied  friend, 
and  I  most  say  that  I  refrret  the  old 
wooden  pnlpit,  which  bannonized  so  well 
with  the  *tyle  of  the  bnildiu^,  tf-specially 
as  the  site  chosen  for  the  pritent  pnlpit 
has  necessitate^  the  cnttin^  away  of  a 
larc^'  [Kirt  of  that  flijrht  of  broad  steps 
which  form<;d  so  good  a  Irasement  to  the 
chancel  from  the  Ijody  of  the  chorcli." 

After  briefly  directing  attention  to  the 
painted  windows,  and  expressing  a  hope 
that  the  cast  and  west  windows  would  be 
enriched  in  a  similar  manner  —  to  the 
t4^;mlHi  of  the  Earl  of  Rivers  (who  lived  at 
the  Mote,  and  was  the  father  of  Elizabeth 
drey,  wife  of  Edward  IV.),  of  the  A»tl<'ys, 
the  Knatchbnllg,  and  other  families,  to  the 
fifU'cnth-contury  wornlt-n  parclose  in  the 
m^wt  eaMtenj  angle  of  the  north  chancel- 
aihlc—and  to  the  font,  which,  though  it  was 
of  th()  sifvcnfcenth  century,  followed  the 
anriont  (n't  agonal  mo<lel, — Mr.  Hope  con- 
cluded by  olw4;rving  that,  though  the  church 
was  u  gfXKl  H]>ccimcn  of  the  Perpeudicular 
st^lc,  Htill,  f(jr  the  reasons  he  had  already 
gt 'tt4*<l,  it  ofllurcd  none  of  those  little  knotty 
jxnnt!*  to  untie  which  w»Te  so  frequently 
found  in  more  irregular,  and  at  the  same 
time  more  picturewiue,  buildings,  and  thus 
hicked  that  antiqu:irian  interest  which 
other  of  our  old  churches  posscsBod. 

After  an  examination  of  the  church,  the 


company  left  it  by  tbe  noth  door,  wb^n 
Mr.  Parker,  pointing  to  the  opTvis;te  boiid- 
ings,  drixvered  a  brief  explanatory  ad- 
dress, ofaserring  that  tbe  CoUe^e  was  btnlt 
by  Ardibiahop  Comteuay  in  the  fifteenth 
century,  at  tbe  same  time  as  the  cbnrcb, 
and  was  a  fine  specimen  of  the  domestic 
ardiitectnre  of  that  period.  It  was  a 
eommon  idea  that  religioos  booses  were 
not  fortified,  bat  all  the  buildings  of  this 
period,  whether  monastic  or  otherwise, 
were  provided  with  the  means  of  resisting 
any  sadden  attack.  Tbe  old  oat-boose 
opposite  the  Palace  was  next  viated.  It 
dates  from  tbe  foarteenth  oentory,  and 
Mr.  Parker  considered  it  to  have  formed 
tbe  servants'  apartments.  It  b  very  rare 
to  find  in  this  coontry  so  perfect  an  ex- 
ternal staircase,  thongh  they  are  commoo 
in  Italy. 

AixryoTOir  Castle. 
This  venerable  rain  was  the  next  place 
to  which  the  company  proceeded,  some  bj 
water,  and  some  by  road,  while  others 
preferred  a  walk  along  the  banks  of  the 
river.  Allington  Castle,  Mr.  Parker  ex- 
plained, dated  from  the  early  part  of  tbe 
Edwardian  period,  the  permission  to  cre- 
nellate  having  been  grranted  in  1281. 
The  main  features  of  these  castles  were 
generally  the  same — a  quadrangle,  with 
ronnd  towers  at  the  comers,  and  smaller 
intermediate  towers.  Then  there  was 
an  outer  and  if>ner  bailey,  places  of  secu- 
rity for  the  cattle,  for  these  castles  were 
not  built  so  much  to  stand  a  long  siege  as 
to  protect  the  occupiers  and  their  pro- 
perty from  freebooting  forays.  Within 
the  walls,  and  frequently  altogether  de- 
tached from  them,  stood  the  domestic 
buildings,  either  of  timber  or  stone.  If 
of  the  former,  they  were  generally  de- 
stroyed, and  this  accounted  for  the  walls 
only  remaining  of  so  many  of  our  old 
castles.  The  construction  of  these  castles 
frequently  extended  over  a  very  long  period, 
as  much  as  fifty  or  sixty  years,  and  the 
building  in  one  year,  by  Richard  CoDur-de- 
Lion,of  the  Chateau  Gaillard,  which  over- 
hnngs  the  banks  of  the  Seine  between 
Paris  and  Ronen,  was  accounted  a  novelty 
in  those  days.  Mr.  Parker  then  pointed 
out,  in  detail,  the  remains  of  the  ancient 


1861.] 


Kent  Archaologieal  Society. 


287 


GMtK  Tlie  prcicnt  rvsidtmce  rmly  datv« 
ftom  ftUiiit.  the  time  of  Henry  VI j I. 
Alluding  tt)  dofiiL^stic  Anliilectuiv,  he  ob- 
served that  tt  Wiis  11  mistuke  to  (mppixse 
thjit  the  fonn  of  tUr  v^iiidtm  or  arch  wu* 
auy  gtiide  to  the  date  of  tbe  bruldtng. 
In  itiATiy  cne»tle§  urii|ueaiiunubl^  uf  tht3 
Ibarteeiith  uetitury,  itttrcely  an  tt|ij»ruflcb 
to  the  poiutetl  areli  commonly  sujtpo^ed 
to  indicate  that  period  vtm  to  be  At^-ji, 
while  tqaure  windows  were  no  indit^ntioa 
nhmtever  that  the  building  bvlotigfKl  to 
the  firLkientli  century. 

AfltT  these  turcbiccctnral  d^tnils,  Mr. 
Liirlcing-  related  aome  few  flneedotes  of 
former  oceupautii  of  AUin^ori  Cuatle*. 
In  the  reign  of  Hi'nry  VIJ,,  Sir  Hiiiry 
Wy»tt  resided  at  the  Ciwtks  and  his  wife 
WRM  a  hidy  of  great  spirit.  The  Abbot  of 
B<»x1ey  at  that  time  was  a  spHghi  ly  sort 
of  g^  ntU^nuiti*  and,  being  det^jcted  one  da/ 
phk>ing  hii  |)raDki  at  the  Castle,  Lady 
Wyatt  OQodeintied  him  to  inatant  pen- 
Atiee.  Ivavioj^  him  to  repent  ■(  hii  leuure 
in  the*  4t^ock«.  The  Abbot  wai  to  Incensed 
that  he  applied  to  the  Privy  Council  for 
redreas.  Sir  Henry  Wyutt  was  numujoued 
before  theui  to  answer  for  his  wife'»  deetla, 
Atid  be  in  reported  to  have  made  answer, 
••My  lords,  if  any  of  you    had    angered 

i  wife  in  her  own  house  oa  that  Abbot 

t  done,  she  would  chip  you  in  the  stocka 
dlrciTtly."  The  ton  of  this  strong-minded 
lady  waa  Sir  Tbomna  Wyatt,  the  poet, 
and  hii  ton,  of  the  same  name,  bad  ar- 
qnired  a  melancholy  celebrity.  Thin  Sir 
Tliomai  had  involved  himaelf  in  th*j 
troubles  of  Mary's  rti-ign,  and  intended 
to  quit  England  for  the  Continent.  His 
wife,  h"  wcver,  heln^  near  her  continemcut, 
he  delayed  his  departure.  In  the  mean- 
time, matiers  were  precipitated,  and  he  was 
iuddtuly  called  upon  to  head  tha  rebeU. 
As  he  rode  oat  on  his  fatal  errand  from 
the  oastle-gAte,  hia  wife  brought  the 
babe  to  him,  and  na  be  gave  it  a  parting 
luis  he  «aid.  "  Thou  may  eat  prove  a  very 
dear  child  to  me"  Uia  worda  proved 
true,  for  a  few  days  later  he  wat  be- 
headed, 

Tlie  Astley  ^rnily  iucceeded  the  Wyatta 

•  8m  Oaar.  Ma«^  Sapt.,  \t^. 


in  tlw?  pos»eswioa  of  the  Castle,  and  in  the 
time  of  the  tJreat  Rebellion,  Sir  Jacob 
Astley  Unvk  a  [»n>uiineiit  part  in  the  etnig- 
gle  on  the  Royal i sit  side.  He  waa  present 
at  Kdgehilt,  and  when  both  mdes  were 
drawn  up  in  buttle  army,  e«ich  hesitating 
to  begin  the  strife.  Sir  iacoh,  to  use  Sir 
Philip  Warwick's  words,  "made  a  most 
excellent,  pious,  short,  and  soldierly  prayer, 
for  he  Uftcd  up  bia  eyes  and  bands  to  he^i- 
ven,  saying,  *  0  Lord  !  Thou  knoweat  how 
busy  I  must  be  this  day — if  I  forget  Thee, 
do  not  I'hou  forget  roe,*  (at  this  moment 
the  fir^t  cannon  shot  was  fired  from  the 
I'arliamiiUt  side,)  and  with  that  rose  up, 
crying  out,  *Miireh  on,  boy*!*  for  the 
King  had  given  order,  that  nntil  the 
enemy  shonld  first  have  shot  tlieir  cannon 
at  our  body  of  mcu,  ours  should  not  cn- 

The  Marquis  Camden  preaided  at  the 
dinner,  which  wa«  held  at  the  Com  Kx- 
changc^aud  was  very  numerously  attended. 
A  few  extracts  fVom  the  speeches  dclivereid 
ia  all  thi*t  we  have  room  for. 

The  Bishop  of  Labuan,  in  returning 
thanki  for  the  Archbishop  and  Clergy  of 
the  Diocese,  said,— 

*'  I  am  gtttd  to  see  such  an  a»embly  us 
this  coming  forward  in  support  of  a  Society 
engaged  in  so  honoUTahle  and  useful  a 
acieuco  as  that  of  archaeology,  because  I 
am  convinced  that  the  more  you  examine 
into  ecclestastieal  matters,  the  more  will 
you  feel  liow  deeply  you  are  indebted  to 
that  Church  of  which  we  are  all  children, 
and  the  greater  will  be  the  support  you 
will  give  to  the  clergy  as  the  representa- 
tives of  that  Church.  1  am  satisfied  tliat 
the  more  interest  the  laity  take  in  tho 
material  fabrics  of  the  Cliurcb,  in  the 
scaffolding,  as  it  were,  in  all  that  rehtc-s 
to  the  outward  support  of  religion,  the 
more  effectually  shall  we  provide  ngain^t 
those  inuovatiuns  and  oormptions  which 
80  nmny  ae«m  to  dread  as  the  natural  con- 
sequence of  ecclesiastical  restoration,  of 
eet  tfcsiological  reeearch,  and  of  architec- 
tnral  beauty  in  our  religious  buildings. 
Therefore,  it  is  a  graat  caoao  of  gratitude 
to  myself  and  to  my  rev.  brethren  to  see 
inch  H  gathering  tih  this  to-day ;  and  1  can 
assure  you  that  when  in  far-off  parts  of 
the  earth,  nothing  strengthens  one  more 
than  to  know  that  our  Church  is  alive  at 
home,  and  that  clergy  and  laity  are  work- 
ing tog<  thir  In  one  grta.t  cnu:ie,  and  pull* 


288 


Aniigvarutn  and  LUerary  bUelUgemeer. 


[Sept. 


in^  totrether  with  m  long,  bcArtr,  itrong 
pull,  in  the  endearcrtxr  to  make  oar  Church 
wfMthy  of  that  poutioo  to  which  it  hM 
been  called  by  God.'' 

Earl  Stanhope  fpoke  of  the  improre- 
ment  in  taste  for  aotiqnitjr  which  toch 
societies  had  alrearlj  produced. 

**  The  time  is  past  when  objects  of  an- 
tiquity were  held  to  be  ondeserrin^  of 
rei^ard,  and  that  story  of  a  Bristol  gentle- 
roan,  who,  it  is  said,  replaced  an  Athenian 
Jono  bv  a  new  §tatae,  which,  he  observed, 
was  a  good  deal  brighter  and  fresher 
loTfking,  Ijelongs  to  a  ^gone  generation. 
The  time  is  past  when,  as  many  of  those 
whom  I  am  addrewing  may  nrmember, 
chnrchwardens  in  country  parishes  were 
jirrme  to  hide  the  fine  old  carving  of  Eliza- 
beth's day*  by  modem  woodwork,  and  who 
were  evidently  of  opinion  that  nothing 
was  half  so  beaatifal  as  new  deaL  I  re- 
member an  instance  which  some  thirty 
yenrs  ago  came  ander  my  own  notice  in 
this  very  neighboarhood  of  the  little  re- 
gard paid  to  antiquarian  relics.  I  hap- 
pened to  read  in  llasted's  History  of  Kent 
that  in  the  church  of  Boughton  Malherbe 
was  an  interesting  monument  of  black 
marble,  with  inscriptions  in  gilt  letters 
niirm  three  sides,  to  the  memory  of  the 
Stanhopes  of  Wootton,  who  resided  in  that 
paririh.  Accordingly,  when  on  my  way  to 
l>over,  I  turned  out  of  my  road,  and  sub- 
mitted to  several  hours'  jolting  over  un- 
even roads — railways  were  not  then  in  ex- 
istence— in  order  to  visit  the  church  of 
Boughton  Malherbe.  When  I  arrived 
thfTc  I  found  no  monument  in  existence, 
but  I  presently  ascertained  that  some  years 
previous  to  the  date  of  my  vbit  the  bricks 
in  the  chancel  floor  had  been  worn  away 
by  the  ]>iittens  of  the  school-children,  and 
as  the  rnrmument  was  con.siderabIy  dilapi- 
dated, it  setone^l  that  the  churchwardens 
hit  ij[K;n  the  expedient,  which  no  doubt 
they  wmsidereil  a  hafipy  one,  of  replacing 
the  worn -out  old  bricks  by  the  black  mar- 
ble slal^s,  which  at  the  time  of  my  visit  were 
exjyiM.d  to  the  assaults  of  the  children's 
ptttens.  I  am  happy  to  think  that  such 
a  dcMcnration  could  not  occur  at  the  present 
day.  We  luve  now  arrived  at  a  better 
Judgment  in  regard  to  these  things.  We 
see  at  once  that  in  our  old  buildings  there 
is  nothing  antagonistic  to  the  tastes  of  the 
present  day,  but,  on  the  contrary,  there  is 
a  close  alliance  between  theve  ancient 
•tructnres  and  the  adornments  of  modem 
dvilization.  In  this  country  there  arc 
ttianv  buildings  which,  though  they  date 
Ur  b-ick  into  the  hoarv  past,  have  been 
embeUtshed  with  all  the  adumnienta  of 

8 


a  more  refined  age.  It  would  be  deemed 
DViSt  absurd  &*r  a  man  to  poll  down  a 
mansion  of  the  Tudor  or  Flantagenet  times^ 
and  erect  in  its  stead  a  gai^y,  tawdry 
villa.  It  would  be  still  more  absurd  if 
a  man  who  dwelt  in  a  building  of  tha 
Tudor  or  Flantagenet  times  were  not  to 
call  in  the  resooro-s  of  modem  skill  and 
ingenmty  to  render  his  habitation  mote  in 
accordance  with  the  wants  of  the  age.  So 
Ur  from  the  relics  of  ancient  times  and 
modem  discoveries  being  antagonistic  cam 
to  the  other,  the  union  of  the  two  con- 
tributes to  form  a  perfect  whole.  We 
need  not  go  fiir  to  seek  for  examples  of 
the  truth  of  what  I  am  saying.  I  might, 
for  instance,  name  Leeds  Castle,  a  struc- 
ture of  remote  antiquity,  but  which  modern 
adornment,  modem  skill,  and  modem  art 
have  converted  into  a  residence  replete 
with  all  the  oonvenieoces  and  all  the  ele* 
gancies  of  the  nineteenth  century.  Then, 
again,  I  might  refer  you  to  the  mansion 
under  whose  hospitable  roof  I  am  now 
staging — East  Sutton  Place,  [Sir  Edmund 
Fibner^s].  We  see  there  a  mansion  such 
as  a  gentleman  of  the  olden  time  baa 
reared,  a  mansion  in  which  many  'fine 
old  English  gentlemen'  have  since  dwelt, 
and  in  which  modem  art  has  also  done  its 
work,  harmonizing  and  completing  that 
which  the  skill  of  past  generations  had 
already  reared.  Let  me  here  observe  that 
the  same  principle  applies  to  many  other 
things.  I  am  not  afhud  of  being  accused 
of  straying  into  the  domain  of  politics^ 
since  it  is  a  principle  in  which  all  parties 
concur,  when  I  <6ay  that  this  blending  of 
the  old  and  the  new  is  precisely  that  which 
our  state  in  England  most  requires.  We 
all  agree,  in  this  ancient  monarchy,  that 
ancient  institutions  must  be  upheld.  At 
the  same  time,  we  all  agree  that  grievances 
must  be  removed,  and  modem  enlighten- 
ment suggests  ameliorations  which  must 
not  be  neglected.  In  these  broad  princi- 
ples we  all  concur,  and  the  only  diflerence 
which  arises  is  as  to  their  practical  ap- 
plication— in  which  cases  shall  the  old 
prevail  over  the  new,  in  which  shall  the 
new  prevail  over  the  old.  On  this  princi- 
ple, whether  we  regard  our  material  fabrics, 
sacred  or  profane,  or  whether  we  look  at 
the  institutions  by  which  we  are  governed, 
the  literature  by  which  we  are  instructed, 
or  the  art  by  which  we  are  pleased  aud 
elevated,  the  conclusions  which  we  draw 
are  the  same,  and  while  wc  must  not  neg- 
lect the  progress  of  modem  discovery,  we 
ought  also  to  study  that  antiquity  which 
will  fumifih  examples  for  our  guidiiiice  in 
the  present  and  the  future.  Every  asso- 
ciation which  tends  to  promote  the  prin- 


1861.] 


Kent  Arckaohffical  Society. 


389 


ciple  of  which  1  liave  been  f^pcakin^  cle- 

iervcs  fticnurageiDtqit  and  pninR*,  and  tbia 
■  liemi?  stidi  «  ftociety.  I  call  upon  yoa  to 
I  irive  a  cordial  welcome  to   the  toiut  of 

*  Prosperity  to  the  Kent  ArchaBoIogicul 

Society/  " 

Mr.  Bcrciford  Hope  spoke  of  the  liiik- 
rin^  of  the  po^  with  the  present  mid  the 
future,  which  ia  the  true  miasiou  of  nr- 

•*  Yiiu  have  fonnded  this  Kent  Archieo- 
lot^Teal  8o<nety,  but  what  have  you  founded 
it  fur  ?     To  dreiiui  on  in  the  Ifwt  [mai  ? — 
to  fiore  over  the  musty  records  of  hyg^ono 
[  centurieH,  when  we  ought  to  be  up  and 
^  doing  like  men  ?      Far  from  it.     While 
looking  to  the  pHst,  we  alai}  look  forward 
I  1o  A  future,  in  which  the  g^eat  march  of 
dvilization  is  to  be  carried  on  with  no 
>  fiilfcerinff  step.     In  §tudyliig  urchaiology. 
'  that  branch  of  it  lo  which  I  have  more 
[particularly  devoted  my aelf, a»  be iuK  "I'^re 
eonsfffiant  with   my   tasteti,  Architectural 
|,  gtrctuBology*  what  do  we  study  it  for  ?    To 
i^reaerre  old  buihlmj^d  P     Gniuted;   but^ 
[  more  even  tlian  to  prt*M?rvt^  old  buildings, 
*  to  learn  how  to  rear  new  buildinerti  tor  i>ur 
own   generation — to   pting   on  the  sacred 
[  lamp  of  kno%vled^e,  the  sacrtd  fire  of  art 
land  invention  to  other  dayH,  thnt  our  chil- 
l^dmn  may  produce  workit  a^  superior,  it 
FlDay  bei,  to  Canterbury,  to  KtK.'hcftti-r.  and 
I  to  AUin^on,  as  Canterbury,  Itochester, 
and  Alling'ton  were  superior  to  the  huts 
■nd  t<rmples  which  Caaar  and  his  Icgionu- 
.  Hea  fonnii  when   they  mari'lie<l  thrtju^fh 
[  £eot.     It  may  be  n  day^drenin  to  ei^ppoae 
[ilicb  a  reault,  but  no  man  ever  ntlaiucil 
[ ftny  hijfh  ind  without  setting  the  highcbt 
[  idea  before  him  aa  the  thioi;^  to  aim  at. 
I    Imve   occasionally  heard  the  study  of 
arohax>logical  architecture  dcp recited,  aa 
thouich  it  would  cramp  wnd  fetter  man's 
I  Inventive  powers;  and  I  have  heard  tiie 
[atudy  of  progressive  architecture  lively 
latnt^nted  by  distinguisbed  archtEsdogi^t*, 
as  thuugU  it  would  obliterate  the  land- 
marks of  the  past.     Both  of  these  com- 
r  plaiutft  would  be  reasonable  tf  either  study 
I  Were  pursued   with   a   one-sided   bigott^ 
Iftttachment;  but  neither  can   he  true  if 
^botb  studies  are  cultivated  in  the  right 
way.     We  Ixdieve  that  antii^uity  teucliea 
US  miiny  le#*on«-    We  love  the  monumenta 
of  that  antiquity.     We  save  them  from 
[  Yiuidttltsitk  and  destructiou ;  but  while  we 
I  treat  them  tenderly  and  intelligently,  wo 
I  do  not  hang  them  up  in  glaaa  frames  and 
.  Ca^eBr  but  we  build  upon  them,  we  adapt 
them  to  the  wanti^  of  modern  tinier.     It 
is  wvll   to  have  au   AUtngton  Castle  iu 
Okiit.  Mao.  VuL.  CCXL 


ruinsi — it  Is  better  to  Imve  a  Leeds  Caatlo 
inhabited.  It  5s  well  tt.»  have  an  arch- 
bishop's hall  at  May  field,  but  it  is  better 
to  have  a  Westminster  Hail  opening  into 
the  legidbitive  chamber  of  a  grt^at  empires. 
Mailing  Abbey  h^  a  grund  and  picturesque 
ruin,  but  in  Hochester  Church  (^od*«  wor- 
ship goes  on  every  day.  Architectural 
archicology,  therefore,  is  a  practicul  sci- 
ence* for  it  tends  to  man's  use  and  service. 
And  if  it  i«  of  iM?rv!ce  in  the  restoration  of 
our  ancient  buildings,  of  how  much  more 
use  is  it  when  it  teachi-s  us  how  to  com- 
bine in  the  buildings  that  we  raise,  that 
exquisite  Ijeauty  of  form,  that  fitness  of 
mKterial,  thnt  grand  picturc^^quenetw  which 
distinguishes  the  Gothic  of  imr  ancfstors, 
with  the  civilistation  and  reaucinent  of 
modern  timt^.  Our  teaching  does  not  lie 
in  following  out  pcdaritic  rules,  in  conning 
over  the  principles  of  \ltruviu8,  clever  as 
they  are,  but  in  the  study  of  those  exist- 
ing examples  of  the  buifdiogs  reared  by 
thme  mesa  of  Kent  who  met  in  shire-moU) 
to  choose  knighta  and  burgesses,  who  had 
trial  by  jnry,  who  possessed  all  thoee  privi- 
leges in  the  r.  igns  of  the  first,  second^  and 
third  Edwards  which  have  made  Kngknd 
whnt  it  in.  Thus  the  study  of  arcliaxilogy 
is  not  a  mere  idle  inistime — it  is  the  mtwt 
practical  school  to  which  we  can  go  for 
improvement  in  llmt  st^ience  which  is  the 
most  necessary  of  all  sciences  in  the  world 
—how  to  build  a  roof  over  our  heads  fur 
oar  own  and  our  (ami lies*  use.  The  Mayor 
of  Mnids lone  alluded  to  the  pjsitioo  which 
I  hold  us  the  chainuwu  of  the  committtHs 
appointed  to  manage  the  aichitectnral  de- 
partment of  the  Iiitennitioual  Exhibition 
of  1862  ;  and  I  hope  that  we  shidl  then 
exhibit  to  the  world,  a*  the  Unit'truita  of 
this  gofxlly  alliance  between  ftrchtteeture 
and  archnKilogy,  a  display  the  like  of 
which  lias  never  yet  been  seen  of  that 
young,  brightt  livey  architHL*cture  of  Kng- 
laud  which  derives  every  lineament  front 
its  venerable  parent  of  the  Edwardian 
days." 

Mr.  Parker  aaid  he  waa  old  enough  to 
remember  the  tune  when  the  Universities 
of  Oxford  and  Ciimbritlge,  almcmt  at  the 
same  time,  established  the  tinst  two  haso* 
ciations  t>f  this  kind,  and  In  their  pro- 
gramme they  recommended  the  formation 
of  local  archteological  societies  in  a!l  parts 
of  the  country,  as  they  truly  said  that  it 
waa  impoetiible  for  one  general  society  to 
embrace  so  wide  a  field.  Since  that  pe* 
riod  thcde  societies  liad  gone  on  multiply - 
ing»  and  thtir  uiHueucc  wua  vlsiblu  in  tho 


290 


Aiitiquariam  amd  lAUrani  bUdHgateer. 


[Sept. 


improved  ftjle  of  oar  chnrchci,  Oaklue 
AKfaitfictnre  ww  the  arciuteciiire  of  Eng- 
laad,  sod  its  priadptoi  were  tW  priad- 
plee  of  eoraoMB  eenee;  but  enforUuMifedy 
it  hadeoloiiff  been  Mwrieffd  with  eede- 
■iastieal  edifteei,  that  people  had  en  idea 
it  WM  not  appticahie  to  domwtic  vehitee- 
tsre.  Noihing^  eoold  be  more  crroiieoQi^ 
Mdhehdiiioi  theelightcat  doabt  that 
IB  the  eooTM  of  another  twenty  yean 
m  finular  change  would  be  effected  in  oar 
domestic  architeetore  as  had  been  eflected 
doring  the  past  tweotgr  jean  in  oar  chnrch 
areluteetare* 

A  jotr^  was  held  in  the  Town^haU* 
when  papers  were  read  by  Mr.  AHport 
upon  antiquities  in  general,  and  by  the 
Ber.  B.  C.  Jenkins  opon  the  gates  of 
Boulogne,  which  were  giren  by  Hemy 
VIII.  to  Sir  Thomas  Hardrcs,  of  Hardres 
Coart,  bat  which  hare  now  altogether 
disappeared.  A  ntfiety  of  antiquities  were 
displayed  in  the  eoondlrcfaamber  and  ante- 
room adjoining  the  hall.  Among  the  chief 
contribotors  was  Mr.  ^Espinasio,  who  ex- 
hibited an  exceedingly  fine  collection  of 
mbbings  of  brasses  made  by  himself, 
ilbol«,  Ac,  and  other  rdics,  as  well  as 
a  number  ef  paintings,  one  of  which, 
a  portrait  of  the  celebrated  Mrs.  Bob&n- 
son,  the  ^-PerdiU"  of  George  IV.,  by 
Oainsboroogfa,  was  an  olject  of  much 
cariosity.  There  were  also  lereral  other 
paintings,  sent  by  Mr.  Whatman,  of  Vin- 
ters,  including  fine  portraits  of  Lady 
Jane  Orey  and  Qneen  Eli^beth,  speei- 
mens  by  Canaletti,  Saewferrato,  Wourer- 
maiM,  Gdnsboroogh,  Cooper  and  others. 
Enamels  bronzes,  majolica  ware,  tracings 
of  eneaostic  tiles  and  glass,  Indian  ink 
•ketches  from  Appledore,  Warehome,  and 
other  Kentish  churches,  books  of  Kentish 
pedigree^  parochial  collections,  a  fiicsimile 
of  the  part  of  Doomsday  relating  to  Kent, 
and  another  of  the  grant  for  crenellating 
Allington  Castle,  as  well  as  Babylonish 
bricks,  Roman  glass,  and  chain  muH  from 
the  Punjab^  formed  a  temporary  museum, 
which  gave  much  gratu^cation  to  all  who 
visited  it. 

Aug.  1.  A  meeting  was  held  in  the 
ToHU'ball,  at  which  U.  H.  Latter.  Esq., 


read  a  paper  oo  Kits  Coty-hoosc;  illaa- 
trating  the  hiaUsy  of  the  ^strict  by  co- 
pioos  citatioBS  from  Ncomna  and  the  WcU 
Triads,  after  which  the  cump— y  < 
for  the  varioas  excmskms  that 
arranged,-.vu.  to  the  Friars  at  Aykafiwd, 
MdtoJ 


ThxFbiabs. 
This  stmrtore  stands  upon  the  hanks  if 
the  Medway  just  below  the  town  of  Aylii- 
ford,  and  is  one  of  the  aMst  iiitsiiiatii| 
buildingB  in  this  part  of  the  eoantry.  Ai 
the  beginning  of  the  thirteenth  ceutoiy 
the  estate  on  whidi  it  stands  was  gnnled 
by  King  John  to  Bichard  Lord  Grey  of 
Codnor,*  who  was  Loed  Warden  of  tkn 
Cmqne  Porta  and  Coosteble  of  Dover 
Castle.  Though  this  was  an  offiee  aafli- 
dently  onerous.  Lord  Grey  went  to  the 
Holy  Land,  and  being  sordy  woondedy 
was  tended  by  two  Garmdite  friai%  in 
gratitude  for  whose  devotion  he,  on  his 
retnm  to  England,  founded  thia  prioty 
for  their  Order.  In  1245,  it  is  reeorded 
that  a  general  chapter  of  the  Carm^tes 
was  held  here,  when  th^  "  came  by  aen 
and  by  land  from  all  parta  of  the  then 
known  Europe."  At  Uiis  chapter  one 
John  Stock  was  elected  prior.  Of  all  the 
friars  who  made  this  priory  their  home^ 
the  name  of  only  one  has  descended  to 
posterity,  Biehard  de  Maidstone,  or  Mnid- 
enstane,  who  was  the  author  of  sereral 
learned  worics.  In  the  reign  of  Henry 
VIII.  the  priory  shared  the  fate  of  the 
other  monastic  establishments,  and  its 
posMSsions  were  iMeited  to  the  Crown, 
by  whom  they  were  granted  to  the 
Wyatt4.  After  the  attainder  of  ^r 
Thomas  Wjat^  the  property  pasBcd  into 
tAie  possession  of  the  Sedley  family.  Sir 
Charles  Sedley,  who  lived  in  the  time  of 
Charles  IL,  was  noted  for  his  wit  and 
gallantry,  and  it  is  said  that  the  "  merry 
monarch,"  c^  whom  he  was  a  great  fn- 
yourite,  several  times  vimted  the  Friars. 
The  property  afterwards  passed  through 
rarious  hands  till  it  came  into  the  pofttea- 
sion  of  the  present  owners,  the  Earls  of 
Aylesford.  There  are  some  very  perfect  re- 
mains of  I  he  buildings  of  the  fifteenth  cen- 
tury, and  the  massive  oak  joists^  although 


186L] 


Kent  Archmological  Society. 


291 


more  than  four  centxirici  Imve  poMod  mnoe 
they  were  faihioned,  are  iia  »oiifKl  no^  m 
when  tht\y  were  ftmt  put  up.  At  the  enttiince 
is  an  eicseediDglj  fin©  gateway,  with  ivy- 
cUd  toweri  on  either  side,  dating  fmtn  the 
clo»e  of  the  gixteentb  eentury  (1592),  Rnd 
from  the  BuniHiit  of  which  on  the  present 
occasion  fioftted  a  Union  Jnck  which  had 
%  biitory  of  its  own,  as  hairing  done  ser- 
viee  at  Trafalgar,  The  visitofi  met  with 
a  conltal  welcome  from  Mr.  Henry  Sim- 
monds,  who,  *Lnco  hii  occupation  of  the 
Friars,  ha»  greatly  embeHiBhed  the  man- 
sion, yet  with  snch  good  ta»te  that  the 
old  and  the  new  appear  perfectly  htended 
together.  The  dmwinj?'-rootn,  a  noble, 
richly -carred,  oak  panelled  apartment^ 
Ibo  site  of  the  rLajjel  in  the  original 
building — was  a  mnsenm  in  itself  Here 
was  a  oollrction  of  coin*  (more  than  2,000 
in  nnmher),  of  all  agen  and  coontries, 
Tunghig  flmm  the  third  century  Mbra 
Chrfst  down  to  the  present  period ;  and  a 
large  esse  of  finely-executed  medalHona 
collected  by  Mrs.  Heniane,  with  many 
antique  relics.  Every  apartment  con- 
tained something  to  arrest  attention;  in 
one  WM  some  oKcoedmgly  ^tic  tapestry, 
ropn«enting  the  adventures  of  Don 
Qniiote;  In  another  a  very  numerous  cob 
ion  of  nibbings  of  bnussea ;  in  a  third 
le  bcantifnl  works  of  art,  and  »o  on. 
After  the  party  h»d  gone  throngh  the 
mansion,  the  groundjs  were  viiiit^.  In  a 
icctuded  pckrt,  near  to  a  spot  fnippoBcd  to 
have  been  the  priory  burial-ground,  a  cu- 
rious discovery  wan  mode  by  Mr*  Sim- 
monds  during  the  progress  of  the  n^nova- 
lioiis.  This  was  a  itmnll  square  excavation, 
aboot  a  foot  below  the  level  of  the  ground, 
and  paved  with  innumerable  **knuckle> 
bonea,"  arranged  In  the  form  of  a  circular 
pattern.  It  b  aapposed  to  have  been  the 
site  of  an  old  summer-hoose.  B«fore 
taking  leave,  the  visitors  wors  cntorbailiod 
at  luneheoD. 

Lmra  Castik 
A  yery  Ut|^  pArty  visited  Leedi  CasUe^ 
tlie  tettt  of  Charles  W^keluim  Martin, 
Esq,  This  fWmons  structure,  which  baa 
been  the  priJion  of  Richard  11.,  and  the 
manor-house  of  the   Parllaiuent'i   Lord 


Oeneral,  Sir  Thomas  Fairfax,  lies  alxmt 
five  miles  from  Maidstone,  on  the  Ashford 
road.  Mr,  Wykeharo  Martin  conducted 
bis  guests  over  every  part  of  the  structure, 
and,  aj^^isted  by  Mr.  Parker,  kindly  ex- 
plained its  ground-plan  and  arningements 
for  defence. 

Leeds  Castle  has  been  a  very  strong 
fortress  in  Ihe  thirteenth  and  fourteenth 
centuries,  its  stren^h  arising  chiefly  frtim 
its  sitaation,  being  bnllt  on  three  islanils 
\n  a  lake,  with  the  power  of  inundating 
the  whole  of  the  snrroimding  country. 
Still  it  does  not  appear  to  have  been  a  mere 
fortress,  bat  rather  a  royal  or  baronial 
mansion  verj*  strimgly  fortified.  Tlie  prin- 
cipal part  of  the  house,  on  the  central 
island,  had  been  several  times  rebuilt,  or  so 
much  altered  that  all  its  original  feature* 
were  destroyed  before  the  present  hoos^ 
was  built  in  the  castellated  stylo  within 
the  last  thirty  years.  But  the  other  two 
islands  have  the  original  bnil dings  upon 
them  without  much  alt4!ration.  The  bar- 
bican,  or  oirtwork  in  front  of  the  gate- 
honse,  with  the  castle  mill,  is  in  ruins,  hot 
can  all  bo  made  out,  and  la  of  the  time  of 
Edwsrd  I,  or  II,  The  putlog-holes  seem 
to  shew  that  woodwork  was  used  to  some 
extent  to  assist  in  the  defcnee.  The  gate* 
honse  was  sepanited  from  this  by  a  stream 
of  vrater,  over  which  waa  a  drawbridge 
leading  to  the  principal  gate;  this  waa 
protected  by  a  portcullis,  of  which  tho 
grooves  only  remain,  and  machioonlis  pro- 
jecting over  the  archway  for  the  usual 
purpose  of  throwing  down  water  to  pre- 
vent the  gate  being  set  on  fire,  or  sbonea 
or  other  miasiles  on  the  heads  of  the  assail- 
ants. The  name  of  iMocAieotf f i#^  or  machi- 
colations, is  supposed  to  be  a  Latinimtion 
of  the  French  marcher-coHiis,  'a  wnlk 
upon  the  gutters,'  The  gut  chouse  is  of 
conndcrable  size  and  breadth,  and  eon- 
tains  several  chambers,  one  for  ihe  wind- 
lass of  the  portcullis,  called  the  portcullis 
chamber,  another  behind  this  for  the 
warden  and  his  family ;  on  either  aide  is 
a  krge  chamber  or  ball,  supposed  to  have 
been  gnard-ch  ambers  fop  the  soldi  ens,  oue 
during  the  day,  the  other  at  night,  Tlicre 
is  also  a  cur  ions  original  boat-house,  or 
water ^te  postern,  with   a  stone  vault 


293  jiMOimmim  mtd UUrmj  /gfrflffmnrr.  [SepL 


mil  yrsgrTTiL   % 

i^  mrisies  il  'a»c  SineSiiiiL.    'n*  ynudr 

fcaio.   mt  csBCasu   «&#  a«g«i   ■»£  in« 
kiiv.n«sL  jmi   lAoes.      T^  <iifi«   if 
fccliaa^  31  ATMiis  liSO^  aaii  me  -if 

«f  ^a«  7«niil.  ^iBMCJig  zf  mollis  nly ; 
sinciisr  3La»  ^Sft  wbu  amir  ir*SL  vici  x* 

fiia<^  SIff  3K1IIU&1IZ9L    3QE    vtCl   •ufiS^Sfi 

te*i9tr7 :  ihm  -misaiaw  wm  ainva  a.  sv  a 
bncrnae  3l  1414,  aie  7m  Eitrwi  LL, 
H  jvsp«!an  inm.  ^sut  ynhun  i 

^^■jaiiC  •im^ia'  zi  Tsut  fnwr^  %    A 
■ifienme  par:  :f  ?he  kat^  w  iMnut  a 
tas  tixzw  -y  HfDj  VIIL.aui  »■  siie  Jr«- 

fboH  imi  «^ni£t:««  ii  due  p^sndr  vxh.  Gcnlv  bad  sl» 

the  -amil   3ad^  «r  du  Tnkca.     Tie  ■neiL  -uder  ^iua 

■nn  aiviera  ^k^  if  -me  eMCle  are  ad-  hadisLMasiifimnaianixl 

maekrAj   iaHoneii  Jir  <!ntntf;rs  and  «»-  tec  a*  ar:  Ci 

v^nienig^ ;    toe    rvnnn  an    ipaonni  aad  mn  jxr^^vrscr  .*r,md.  be  arrirvd  ic 
nnhie  Ea  thinr  pr-.^7rsr.iMr  atui  aie  aeil         Tie   vTmomaj  w-*!*  !uuitfauiiii!f5  «BfiK<- 

ami  irafrsfle  ar»  jvz«  aaii  ^yWny  vnfle  oxExed  ia  ihe  Ganif  Hvil.  ami  «R  juhjic^, 

C2b»    ^xr^jyr    Tfrrrarna   thft   ner^MTTrfd  Eari  scanric^  jiJuiaMi  dit±  aaJit  jf  X2. 

cnuTKC^r  :f  loe  Hder  ^srica^  tod  Xo.  Wjkdaaai  Macsiau.  En  a  braaf 

Tie  -vhi-.ie  bixG&v  va*  nmerraCy  ^ee&  vtifea  aairjrniwi  a  w^il-airaeii  at> 

thr-iw^  -pen.  *^  ^&e  v-aieon,  and  'd  any  if  faaitm  »  ihe  —  1  ^ariiiiL.  due  fCiH  ^mdoSj 

CBem^  like  Ltvi  Pii3iaaCua,?Bipin«i  pncf  «uwaci^  if  -ltd  Fnglih  aaHa  and  lid  Eiv- 

poa=:-r-»  *Jia:  a  Gochu!  flfiuiee  xnld  aneapar  Sib  ai'^iu^£=j. 

cmr  3u>fen  mricr«nienc»  ami  be  :ae         WxadixaaeorKiL'saneimied^ieiiarsk 

▼«7  pet£iiSKiL  'sf  a  rgh^,  cn**er4I,  asrj  aBul  iiffcrny  of  die  s^oecy. 

LOXDOy  A3T>  MIDDLZSEX  A5T)  SURREY  ARCELEOLOGICAL 

SOCIETTES- 

^Vi'^  I6L     Tie   Eev.  Tir.-jrta  Hrfi*>»  knar  part  of  ue  lA^aiM.  cencsrr,  3^ 

y  ^  t  ,  ia.  die  eiiaxr  ^iwifrrty  W :  EtxcBTisfa;,  ^g  rnixQni  artias 

Xr.  Haitj  ^.  Bamardarm.  of  Grwnefa,  of  die  *Xiz*mb0^  Oxranxcie.'*  and  die 

c"ad  a  peo<v  vl  die   Earfy  HiaBary  of  thmTipt  of  Albers  I>xrv.    Tie  jibcnrs  >}f 

Wv^l  Zotfrialing.  die  jszsge  ardac  at  a  wgod^iq^Tiar  v«n 

Mr,  SLr-iieHano,  after  lefailiug  gd  ibm  t&es  ojnwidggHL  bbbot  jf  3»  wqriD  iKixx^ 

cariL'aB  knnva  bLocfc-prrnfia  of  aazsfii  and  abo  eafafUfed.    A  veiL-daarrcd  ^uutfriniK 

playTiiflr*4Br*ia  pmixxflBd  by  frxtaco,  rdSencd  vae  dies  oiade  -m  die  cuts  ■Hnbet.hnnng 

m  lome  leaedi  b»  die  wsEal   'bicck-  die  Kur^^  asai  'Xhifr  (&?v*}ciuixaL  v?na 

\n0W  aa  tbef  art  caJed,  codL  aa  soe  vtucti  sHoed  frnm  die  Pariaiaa 

JBtfe  Baapwrvaa,  and  odhera^  if  wbfda  imrin^  die  earij  pare  of 

fteaxhsiMedeaRAiIIycsBeataii&eHimilaa;  caumij.and  Aagipdami  zrnm^  wrta  -Una- 

yaaaiiiif  <»  M  die  wixd-eBtfrar^n  (jf  die  firadanair  of  die  varajoa  virks  •.•vniMeCrid 

__— widi  ^fae  ;?«at  pacnn  of  die  art.  Maxi- 

^  ^aa  DoBsefa  antataacan  «r  tt»   w=a««  waZmti.  L,  aaea  »  die  "^  Trlompoal  Car.** 


.  «^.±p.aSL  Jfer  Wtim  f  awj,  *The  TriBBigiai»'*  die 


1861.]     London  and  Middx.  and  Surrey  Arch<Bol.  Sodeiies.     293 


Iflttcr  iutrcMJiinnp:  the  artist  Hans  Burg- 
mair.  1*1im  works  of  Cranach,  Schaultlin, 
Behaim,  (Irufi,  Van  L#ydrn»  J<:«t  Auimim, 
Jeglier,  und  other*,  then  received  their 
thare  of  attention,  u  did  aho  the  viiriouB 
artifta  m  chiiirosciiro,  of  which  stjrle  of 
print!  there  whb  a  very  excellent  variety 
for  oompari«on*  The  paper  ooDcluded  with 
a  reference  to  the  gradaal  decline  of  the 
art  during  the  seventeenth  century,  until 
lt«  revival  in  1770,  hy  Tbomaa  Bewick, 
of  whom  a  hidgraphical  notice  w»u  given. 

The  chairman  exhibited  a  volume  con- 
taining a  grent  variety  of  Bewick's  wood- 
csotflyand  Messrs.  Frank  11  ti  and  FiUitigham 
era!  early  printed  books  illustrated  with 
iti,  in  illufltration  of  Mr.  Hidiard- 
«m'f  paper* 

John  Faullaiej-,  Esq.,  exhibited  several 
portraits,  autographe,  armorial  book-plate, 
&c^  of  John  Wilkes,  "the  friond  of  li- 
berty  ;**  also  a  printed  copy  of  a  letter  from 
John  Willtei,  E-q.,  M.P.,  to  the  Secretaries 
of  State.  The  lett*ir  ia  dat^  Great  Georgc- 
atreet^  May  6th,  1763,  and  is  na  foUowi ; — 

**  My  Lords,— On  my  return  here  from 
Westminster  Hall,  where  1  have  been  dis- 
charged from  my  commitment  to  the 
IVnrer  cinder  yoor  Lord  ships'  warmnt,  I 
find  that  my  house  bus  In'en  robbed,  and 
am  itifonned  that  the  stolen  goods  are  in 
the  pos&e*^ii>n  of  one  or  both  of  your  Lord- 
ghips.  I  therefore  insist  tliat  you  do  forth- 
witu  return  thetn  to 

"  Yonr  humble  servant, 

**  Jottif  WiiKEa." 

Directed  to  the  Earls  of  Egremont  and 
Halifax,  his  Miyesty's  principal  Secretaries 
of  State. 

The  arms  represented  on  the  book<p1ate 
are  at  follows  t — O,  a  chevron  between 
three  ravens^  heada  erased  nble,  a  opmcent 
thr  di^crence.  Crest,  on  a  mount  vert^ 
a  crossbow  erect,  or;  round  it,  on  a  scroll, 
the  motto  *•  Arcui  meo  non  confldo/* 

Joseph  J.  Howard^  Eaq.,  F.8,A.,  exhibit- 
ed an  itnpreaston  ft>ofD  Wilkes'  cotHn^pIate, 
on  which  is  the  following  inscription : — 

•*  John  Wilkes,  Esq.,  F.R.8., 
Alderman  of  the  VVard  of 

l''arriugdon  \Mth(iut, 
Chamberlain  of  London, 

I         Lord  Mayor  in  177t, 
died  Dec',  26,  1797. 
aged  70  yeuriL" 


Above  the  inscription  arc  the  arro*  of 
Wilkes,  and  on  an  escnicheon  of  pretence 
**  AiurCt  a  chevron  or  bet  wren  three  peli- 
cans vulnlng  themselves  of  the  2nd." 

The  following  extract  from  a  newspaper 
dated  Jan.  6,  l7i»S,  descHb^jS  Wilkes* 
fkneral : — 

"  Tlio  rrmains  of  the  late  Alderman 
Wilki^s  were  interned  on  Tluinwluy  la>*t  in 
a  vault  in  Grosvenor  Chapel,  according  to 
his  desire,  being  near  where  ho  lived.  A 
bcnirse  and  three  luouming  ooaches  formed 
the  cavalcade,  and  eight  khouring  men 
drcsssed  in  new  clothes  bore  the  deo^iaed 
to  the  place  of  interment,  for  which  each 
persoQ  was  paid  a  gnluea,  besides  having 
a  suit  of  dothes/* 

The  Director  exhibited  a  copy  of  Au- 
sonitis.  dated  1671,  bearing  on  the  title- 
page  the  atitograph  of  Wilkes. 

J.  P.  Pollard,  Eeq,,  exhibited  an  iJla- 
tninated  Service'book  of  the  fifteenth  cen- 
tnry,  with  fuU-page  illnminations  of  the 
Annanciatlon,  Nanvity,  Ac*  At  the  be- 
gin ntug  of  the  volume  are  several  MS. 
prayers  written  In  a  later  hand. 

Mr.  Pollard  also  exhibited  a  tortoise- 
shell  snuff-box,  inlaid  with  gold,  once  the 
property  of  George  Monk,  Duke  of  AHw- 
murle,  from  whom  it  passed  into  the  family 
of  the  Duke  of  Montagu  i  and  a  »pur,  one 
of  a  pair  worn  by  Fulke  Greville,  Lonl 
Brooke,  who  wrote  himself  "  a  Servant 
to  Queen  Elistabeth,  C^JuncsHor  to  King 
James,  and  Friend  of  Sir  I'hilip  Sidney," 
was  alao  exhibited  by  Mr.  Pollard. 

Alfred  Healcs,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  exhibited, 
by  permission  of  Mr»  W.  Winkley,  a  spear- 
head recently  ihig  up  at  Harrow. 

William  H  Hart,  Er.4  ,  F.8.A.,  exhibited 
a  rubbing  oi'  the  brass  of  Uiclmrd  Cliivcr- 
ton,  who  died  in  1617.  and  Isabel  hit 
wife,  from  Qncthioo  Cbnrch,  Cornwnll. 

Between  the  fignres  is  a  shield,  on 
which  are  represented  the  Cbivcrton  wrma» 
Argent,  on  a  mount  In  base  vert,  a  tower 
triple-towered  sable;  itupidiiig  Polwhele, 
Sable,  a  saJtire  engrailed  ermine. 

Under  the  man's  feet  is  the  following 
epitaph : — 

**  Friends  (who  ere  yon  bo)  forbtarc 
Ob  tHis  rUftie  to  shed  a  teare. 
Keep  talne  uyatmcat,  fur  iadc«de 
bounty  U  luadt  tgood  by  ncede. 


Tue%  im\umK 

.  vhftB.ne«  lavvi  ^rye 

We-rEvwj*. 

taAtiMcadL* 

idcftdcrtWi 

Fmaa'A  tfe{Q£k«rm^ . — 

•MTlBt^mj 

m^mmA^JiMT, 

Amtm^mim 

mA  mj  mmfteaaL  4mf, 

is  JbF,  a  Biarde,  a  mUt,  »  TfWy, 

Asd  Mw  m  M«r«  Mr  OK  Mr  «lter. 

fcrflenpienflOT 

nk.m^eT*»^ 

ft»tteag»tftfceimiMf  «r»— ae. 

Xf«wW^ 

vTS^tfTK,  jt*  tten  bee 

iwriidBeAfnliafacL 

2M  Arfif—ri—  otf  UUrmij  FmieOfmur.  [Sept 

Mr.  W.  H.  Ornn  oMkSUd 

-teS.   mtlKr   of 
Tird  viik  P"^  ^  ^'^ 
(aibaais  ITTTw  *  dmi^r  of  < 

tnted  brottdMdi 

Crofbr.  Iiord  Xaror,  aad  Mr.. 

OStct.  OB  tbtsr  lel'j—  fivm  tke  Tower  «l 

fte  rinc  of  Hfee  PtoSuwnt,  Maj  S,  1771. 

■i»B  of  Mr.  JoK?h  W«T«B  of  Izworti^ 
a  TOT  fioe  aai  extcM^  coOecdoB  of 
y/— ti  and  Sbxob  antaqcstaei^  ilueAj  P"^ 
fcifcgy  titer  Jgi^efitr—THMiji.  aoBal  orBamcDts  in  gold,  flSrcr,  1 

BitWf«fotan«,farvkj,ta>Mj'd  ftwirf  in  Swflbtt.    Tbe  : 

w^tr*'T"l!I^_'r'^t^''  ol9«t.  ui  thi.  oalkctio.  wo*  «  Anglic. 

Mr.UowardolHbiUda  rvbfaugfiraa  Smm  b«Me  of  gold,  famd  in  the  pM» 

mOMUmoa^imemiMttheeMMit^ciihm  rf  Tortock,  tke  .rttine  ««po«d  of  tw* 

north  »le  of  the  .nediardi.    On  the  drfwofowriooi  g«  the  ooloor  being 

d^corerof  thetombi.  theeffigjof  fcrightenei  br  a  knf  of  Ibfl  «t  the  li«*. 

Hngh    HnAmood^who^   in    1599.  (.  p^etieewlridi  mnrbeotarrrf  inotha- 

He    »    ry^ented    kneding,   with    hi.  .^ide.  of  Angk^Snim  jew^Uerr.)  m  g«ld 

fauidf  daped  in  pn^er,  hmTing  m  front  cnmiatmMKoAmfnmnthtfMttk;  wetwrA 


m  p«nlifflj  •h.pcd  kct«m  of  ilorated  -old  fibota,  gold  .nd  iOTir  fingi,  Ac 

work-in  the  centre  of  whidi  »  n  flenr.  W.  H.  Hart.  &a,  F.S^  exhibited  the 

d^lk.     Bdrindhin»..iirinifl.«ndrfwre  f^jOomng  h^m^  idn^^i^  m  CMmberwA 

hi.  bend  the  legend. -On«n,«niember  a^ndTbirt  now  in  pH^te 

thy  God."     Ontheone«decfther».  ^John  Seott.  ISm^^  B«on  of  the   Kk- 

am  iM  m  onk  tree  frneted.  the  acorne  Atqoer,  1532. 

repreMnted  foiling,  end  on  the  oppoeite  ^  jj^^^  j^^  g^  15^7, 

•idekmTQdcrrae.  under  wfaidiiethie  j.  Rid«id  ainoer  «d  Agn«  hie  wife, 

inecrqition : —  1499 

^^^"^UrT' «f  fod^obtaiide,  4.  John  Bowynr  «nd  Efiabeth  hie  wift^ 

Tilt  cwhitt  dfrmi_  thy  **»iw«»m*  ^atmifa  '                         ^              __ 

T-  ,^  m.^^:^LJ^^Jr^  (<J»»«!fc««  -f  Bob«t  Dnp«.  K«i^ 

fio  raaa.  to  iciive,  m  crowiMd  be.*  1570. 


LEICEBTERBHIBE  AKCiUTKCrUKAL  AXD  ABCH^SOLOGICAL 

SOCIETY. 

Julg  Sa    The  Ber.  B.  Bubxabt  in  windrel.  and  probably  of  the  fifteenth 

the  chair.  oentorj. 

Mr.  Ordish  eihibited  and  preMnted  a  Mr.  Thompsoo  exhibited  a  manoacript 

chnMno*lithpgraph  of  eodcBacticel  and  book  eontaining  the  rmt-roU  of  Philip 

domeetie  farnitore.  dwignad  by  the  late  Sheiard.  Esq..  of  Tdgh.  in  the  county  <^ 

Mr.  P^igin,  and  ihewn  at  the  Exhibitioii  Botland,  bearing  daU  1597.    Philip  She- 

of  1861.  rard  was  the  aneeator  of  the  kte  Earl  of 

Mr.  Hont  exhibited  an  ancient  eoin.  HartioroQgh.  among  whose  mnniments  the 

ftmnd  near  the  drareh  at  Unmberstone.  Tolome  was  diecofeied.  Not  only  is  there 

On  exaannatMHi  it  prored  to  be  a  Na-  in  it  a  minote  mention  of  erery  portion 

TCMberg  jettoB,  kpied  by  Damiaa  Kxan-  of  the  Teigh  estate^  bnt  there  are  besidea 


1861 .]      Leiceslershire  Archiieciural  and  ArchcBoiogical  Soc.      295 


«TOaU  iBAps  exhibiting  detAch«i!  parta^ 
wUicli  areexjLmpl«of  thft  wjiter-Mlouring, 
%h»  ornamental  caliirraphy,  and  the  sur* 
mifort^  drawing;  of  two  hundred  and  flixty- 

The  E«r.  i,  H.  UiH  exhibited  a  seriee 
of  pboto^rnplui  of  windows  designed  by 
MeuTB.  LavcirR  and  Baraud  and  Mcsstb. 
Ueaton  and  Buckler  of  London;  alio  a 
portion  of  a  bayonet,  corroded  by  age, 
and  an  ancient  spur,  found  near  Glooston. 
The  hiiyonet  U  aaid  to  have  been  invented 
in  ihe  hitter  half  of  the  seventeenth  cen« 
iory,  and  to  hn^e  reGeired  its  name  trom 
Bayonne  in  the  south  of  France.  Tlie 
relic  exhibited  appeared  to  have  been 
fiiatened  upon  a  pitice  of  wood,  portions 
of  decayed  fibres  stilt  adhering  to  the 
soeket  Tha  spur  was  of  the  kind  which 
is  seen  figured  on  the  ««nlpturLHl  efBgies 
of  the  early  part  of  the  fifteenth  cL^ntury, 
and  was  Q«ed  by  horHemen  about  the  time 
when  the  wars  of  the  Roies  were  hciug 
earriod  on  in  this  country. 

Mr,  T.  Novinson  exhihited  a  coin  of  the 
reign  of  Queen  Anne.  It  was  about  the 
nze  of  a  farthing.  On  tba  obverse  wm 
the  bead  of  the  f|ueen ;  on  the  reverse, 
the  date  I7U,  with  the  uimal  abbreviated 
legend — meq.  maq.  vtt.  pb.  ktb.,  Jbe.  The 
coin  Is  of  copper,  but  has  been  washed 
over  with  gold.  The  irapre»idon  of  the 
ity  was  that  the  coin  had  been  glided 
for  the  purposes  of  deceptuun.  Vide 
Humphreys'  •*  Coin  Collector*^  5Iaiiual.'* 

Mr.  W.  Jackson,  architect,  read  the 
following  paper,  upon  "The  Architet- 
turml  History  of  St.  Murgaret'a  Churchy 
Leicester  ■" — 

"The  remarks  which  I  am  about  to 
read  upon  the  architectural  bintory  of 
St.  Mnri^ret's  Church  (if  I  m^y  use  so 
dignified  a  title)  were  Hrst  suggested  to 
me  during  the  progress  of  coUecttng  some 
examples  of  Gothic  mouldinga.  whidi  are 
here  particularly  good  atid  chamcteristic, 
and  to  which  I  shall  have  occasion  here* 
after  to  rtfer. 

"In  the  course  of  this  (!^llflteml  stmly 
I  was  struck  by  the  singular  and  gradual 
progression,  in  point  of  date,  in  ti)e«c 
mmildingn,  from  the  east  end  of  the  church 
down  the  south  side  of  nave  and  south 
•isle,  jind  thence  to  the  north  side;  and 
Iwing  thua  led  to  sctk   for  iufurmatiou 


W    Hum 


from  our  UHual  local  aotborities,  I  learnt 
only  that  no  saii^fatrtory  iiccount  wa«  to 
be  found,  and  tliut  no  materials  w  ore  be- 
lieved to  be  in  existence  from  which  an 
authentic  history  coutd  be  written. 

**Tljefle  remarks  are  offered,  tUirefor^ 
a^  an  ftttenipt  Ui  work  out  the  problem 
which,  under  such  circumstance*,  the  pe- 
culiar and  frngujentary  examples  now  re- 
maiuing  in  the  churdi  proposed  to  my 
mind. 

'*  The  early  history  of  St.  ^fttrgarctV. 
like  that  of  many  other  churches,  carriea 
tlie  mind  btick  to  the  most  remot-e  p«Tiod 
in  the  annals  of  our  country.  It  in  not 
of  ihat  time,  however,  I  huve  now  to 
spetik,  except  as  it  is  naturally  suggested 
by  this  attempt  to  exphiin  several  pecu- 
liarities in  the  structure  ut^  it  now  stands^ 
Nothing,  indeed,  remains  of  that  eairly 
period  except  the  dim  record  of  a  cathe- 
dral which  stijod  here  in  the  seventh  cen- 
tury, I/*  land,  indeed,  records  that  in  hia 
time  a  portion  of  the  Biwhop's  palace  yet 
stood  by  the  church — Hhe  fairtst  parish 
church  of  I^icester ;'  though  I  should 
thitik  it  more  probable  that  what  Li^land 
saw  were  tljjc  remains  of  the  vicarage,  of 
the  endowment  of  «  bieVi  Nichols  gives  a 
copy  dated  1276,  and  that  these  reuiains 
were  finally  dispersed  in  1568,  when  Mr» 
John  Ixuinde,  tlie  vicur,  repaired  the  house» 
and  with  the  conseQl  of  his  loving  pariKh- 
ionera  *  dyd  extyrpo  and  pull  down  all  mO" 
numenta  of  auperstytyone  oiat  of  the  said 
prebendftll  church.'— (j\7c A o/^*.)  Nichols 
also  qootes  the  register  of  Bit»hop  Ahi- 
wykeia  which  deacribes  the  alteration  and 
reparation  of  1444 ;  and  our  modern  his- 
torians make  the  most  of  the  same  niate- 
riids,  and  of  the  tdabiist^ir  monument 
(which  now  adorns  the  chauirel)  of  Binhop 
Penny,  who  <Ued  1520,  But  the  struc- 
ture itself  preserves  some  indications  of 
a  history  which  appears  to  huve  i|uite 
escaped  any  written  record. 

*'  It  is  certain  that  Inhere  was  a  Saxon 
b^iilding  here,  from  the  statement  in 
Doomaday  Book  that  two  of  the  etiurchei 
(out  of  SIX  then  lu  the  town)  weru  given 
to  ttie  Binhop  of  Lincoln  by  the  Norman 
Conqueror;  it  beintr  clear  that  St.  Mar- 
garet** was  one  of  these,  from  the  record 
(quoted  by  Nidmb,  1110)  thnt  *  liohert 
de  B  aurootit  repaired  St.  Miiry's  Church, 
and  placed  there  a  dean  and  twel%'e  secu- 
lar c4inons,  restored  their  jKvfwjcssiomi,  and 
appropriated  to  them  aU  the  churches  in 
Lcice*rter  ex^'ept  m,  Mar^aret^*^  which 
WHS  of  the  see  of  Lincoln/ 

**  This  8axou  church,  then,  (or  such  re- 
miiinH  of  one  a»  had  eftcujHjd  the  f^uecessivo 
ravujji's  of  the   Dunes  duilug   the  tvnth 


296 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  IntelHgencer. 


[Sept 


centnrj,  and  oontainiDg,  doubtless,  some 
'  Norman'  additions,)  stood  here  about  the 
year  1110;  but  doubtless,  also^  in  a  di- 
lapidated condition,  from  tbe  above-named 
causes,  and  from  tbe  effects  of  the  warlike 
visits  of  William  the  Conqueror,  and  of 
h'S  son  and  successor  William  Kufus,  who 
'  took  vengeance  on  tbe  town  (a.d.  1088) 
in  retaliation  for  assistance  given  by  the 
Earl  of  Leicester  to  the  King's  elder 
brother  Robert.' 

"About  the  year  1120  Robert  Bossu 
succeeded  his  father  as  Earl  of  Leicester, 
and  Nichols  and  tradition  have  both  as- 
signed to  him  the  figure  in  the  niche  on 
the  northward  side  of  the  east  window, 
and  both  also  say  that  he  built  part  of  this 
church.  The  first  statement  is  certainly 
wrong,  the  other  probably  right;  but  ^ 
tbe  tradition  be  true,  what  |mrt  did  the 
Earl  build?  Not  'the  oldest  remaining 
part,  the  last  bay  eastward  of  the  nave,' 
if  Mr.  Poole  be  correct  as  to  its  date,  as 
about  A.D.  1200 ;  and  if  not  that,  certainly 
no  other  part,  for  Earl  Bossu  died  in  the 
year  1168.  But,  on  the  supposition  that 
he  did  build  that  east  bay  of  the  nave, 
(and  there  is  nothing,  I  think,  in  its  style 
of  arcliitecture  to  make  that  supposition 
improbable,  but  the  contrary,)  a  great 
deal  of  otherwise  unaccountable  detail  be- 
comes reconciled.  Thus : — Robert  Bossu, 
Earl  of  Leicester,  finding  St.  Margaret's 
Church  in  a  very  dilxpidated  condition, 
pulled  down  the  old  Saxon  and  Norman 
remains,  and  re-commenced  building  from 
the  chancel-arch,  but  the  work  was  stopped 
b?  his  death,  in  1168 ;  stopped  also  by  the 
treason  of  his  son,  who  conspired  a^inst 
the  King,  Henry  IL;  and  by  that  King's 
vengeance,  who  for  two  years,  1173-5, 
demolished  the  town  and  neighbourhood. 

"This  supposition  accounts,  I  think, 
for  one  great  peculiarity  in  the  church, 
viz.,  that  the  east  bay  of  the  nave  only 
should  be  of  the  semi-Norman  style. 

"Apart,  however,  from  any  historical 
afismnation,  this  east  bay  of  the  nave  is 
itfclf  a  most  curious  study ;  and  it  will  be 
reiDarked,  first,  that  the  south-east  pier 
is  the  only  one  remaining  intact  of  the 
original  design;  the  others,  in  addition 
to  their  having  been  under  the  hand  of 
the  modem  'restorer,'  were,  1  thii.k,  ori- 
ginally copies  of  this  souih-east  pier  by 
another  hand  —  curiously  so,  too,  for  it 
will  Xm  Keen  that  the  square  abacus  of  the 
old  capital  becomes  in  the  others  a  trun- 
cated roll  and  fillet — the  plain,  slightly 
articulated  —  leafage  becomes  the  more 
elaborate  folia>?e,  and  the  chamfered  neck- 
mould the  small  annular  moulding.  The 
other  piers  arc  also  curious. 


"Obviously  built,  or  put  togvtber,  at 
three  different  times,  it  is  eqoally  cleir, 
I  think,  that  the  capital,  half  way  down 
the  western  tide,  is  the  earliert;  the 
eastern  half  next  in  date,  and  the  western 
upper  capital  the  latest.  It  will  be  ob- 
served that  the  early  hood-mould  is  oon- 
tinued  down  to  the  springing  line  of  the 
arch ;  not  (as  it  would  be  if  this  capitsi 
had  been  continued  in  the  ordinary  way) 
merely  to  the  intersection  of  the  adjoining 
hood-mould :  and  this  leads  one  to  think 
that  the  lower  capital  was  originally  ooii- 
tinuod  with  arches  at  its  present  level 
down  the  nave,  and  that  the  bnilder  who 
took  up  the  work  commenced  by  Robert 
Bossu  pulled  down  this  nave,  leavings  only 
the  east  pier,  which  had  been  incorporated 
with  the  semi-Norman  alteration  in  the 
way  we  now  see  it. 

"The  next  earliest  part  is  the  south 
side  of  the  nave,  and  this  is  also  quite  dis- 
tinct in  character  and  date  from  any  other 
part;  and  it  is  carious  to  observe,  in 
parish  churches,  how  commonly  this  is  the 
case  —  that  one  side  of  the  nave  differs 
in  date  from  the  other  side.  Here  we 
have  the  'nail-head*  decoration  of  the 
arch,  the  double-bell  and  plain  neck-mould 
of  the  capital  indicating  a  date  early  in  the 
thirteenth  century.  One  of  these  capitals 
(the  second  from  the  tower)  differs  trota 
the  others,  having  only  a  single  bell,  and 
its  neck-moulding  being  the  common  trun- 
cated roll,  inst^d  of  tbe  three-quarter 
annular  moulding.  It  is,  however,  so 
clearly  similar  in  character  to  the  adjoin- 
ing work,  and  there  are,  besides,  no  evi- 
dences of  its  being  of  another  period,  that 
I  think  it  must  be  regMrded  as  a  singular 
instance  of  the  early  use  of  the  details  in 
question.  I'his  side  of  the  nave  is  gene- 
rally thought  the  finest  part  of  the  church : 
its  chaste  and  elegant  capitals,  its  deeply- 
recessed  and  plain  chamfered  arches,  alter- 
nating with  a  small  moulded  rib,  its  hood- 
mould  filled  with  the  characteristic  dog- 
tooth ornament,  with  foliated  terminals, 
make  one  regret  that  the  other  side  of  the 
nave  doestiot  remain  in  the  same  st}rle — 
make  one  doubly  regret  the  destruction  of 
the  west  bay,  which  was  done,  apparently, 
at  the  time  when  the  tower  was  built, 
and  force  into  notice  the  singular  contrast 
in  the  moulded  work  of  the  two  periods. 

'*  Turning  next  to  the  south  able,  wo 
find  a  difl'erenoe  from  the  style  of  the 
south  side  of  the  nave,  in  the  'double 
beir  and  the  'nail-head  ornament'  being 
no  longer  employed.  With  this  exception, 
however,  there  is  a  similarity  in  the  UiOuld- 
ings ;  the  abacus  being  the  truncated  roll 
and  fillet,  and  the  neck  the  bold  three- 


1861.]     Leicestershire  Architeciural  and  Archteohgical  Soc.     2J 


quArt^r  annular  moulding.  Tbe  baflea  and 
etriiififcaurse  are  '  restored'  ones,  and  it  is 
qaeatiofiaUe  whetber  tbeir  trne  contour 
haa  been  preacrved,  A»  rejy:anl!i  the  ba^ea, 
tbcy  are  of  some  form  that  belongs,  I 
thtTiik,  to  no  period  of  architeeturt"  wliHt- 
e?er,  and  as  respect*  the  striiigrourBe 
there  is  no  other  eiample  of  the  'icroU 
inouhlliig'  in  thisi  part  of  the  church. 

**  The  ciuctnre  in  tbe  jumh-shuft  at  tho 
enst  endof  thia  nislo,  and  indited  the  whole 
of  the  detail*  of  the*e  rere-itrcheg  and 
capitals,  mre  quite  worth  remark  :  nuthing'j 
indeed,  could  he  iH'tler,  I  should  say,  for 
their  plnce  nnd  purpo3<*,  stopping  short  of 
neetlle&a  eluhurtition,  vet  quite  sufficient 
to  produce  a  chaste  and  neb  ullect,  and  to 
inclictite  the  thought  bestowed  upr.m  them. 
Nothing;*  either,  could  be  more  clearly  in- 
dicative of  the  style  of  the  dcMtruyed  niul- 
lionB  and  trucery,  and  nothing  more  c<iU- 
duiilve,  that  the  pking  cbatnftred  inidliotis 
which  hftve  lately  been  liuerted  are  txuito 
out  of  character. 

•*  Pajning  weatward,  we  have,  in  the 
*  neck  moulding*  of  the  last  window  in 
this  aisle  the  fimt  indication  of  tbe  later 
style  which  prevails  iu  the  whole  of  the 
north  aisle*  and  on  tho  north  nide  of  tbe 
nave  indicated  by  the  'scroll  moulding'  of 
tbe  ahacQs  and  neck  of  the  capitals,  by 
tho  more  simple  f^rm  of  section,  by  the 
base  mouldings  (projecting  over  the  line 
of  the  plinth),  ojid  by  other  details.  The 
date  of  tbiiii  work  I  »botild  snppo^te  to  he 
the  early  part  of  tbe  fourteenth  century. 

"At  the  east  of  this  aisle  is  a  curious 
capital,  growimt',  qjs  it  were,  out  of  tlie 
pier,  at  about  the  ttamo  level  as  the  lower 
Gspttals  before  Hlludcd  to ;  but  this,  bUo» 
h«ts  been  under  the  hnnd  of  the  'restorer/ 
and  it  is  very  doubtfuJ  whether  tbe  ori- 
ginal foliation  was  not  of  earlier  charac- 
ter :  the  st^jnare  abacus  rather  leads  to  the 
belief  that  such  was  tbe  case. 

"Another  point  deserving  attenlion  in 
this  place  is,  the  cnriuui  variety  as  well 
as  tbe  symmetrical  beauty  of  thejie  mould- 
il^:  iitbofigh,  on  a  cur^nry  view,  they 
teem  aU  alike  (as  indeed  they  are  generic 
eally),  it  will  he  found  on  examination 
that  the  form  of  section  is  varied  in 
almost  every  instance.  It  will  sciircely 
be  doubUd,  I  think,  that  the  builders 
who  exhibited  so  much  fertility  of  design 
m  this  matter  wottld  fail  in  the  more 
striking  feature  of  the  window  tracery; 
and  yet  I  nnder^tiind  that  in  the  proposed 
restoration  of  tlitA  mule  one  design  is  lo 
be  repeated  In  the  whole  six  openings. 

'*Thc  history  of  tbe  remaining  part  of 
the  church  is  well  knov*  n  from  the  register 
of  Bishop  Alnwykc,  quoted  by  our  local 

Gi»T.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXI, 


historians,  from  which  it  appears  that  the 
tower  and  chancel  were  built  about  the 
year  ItfrL 

**  I  have  thus  endeavoured  (and  I  fear 
imperfectly)  to  lessen  the  hiatus  which 
exists  in  the  history  of  St.  Marguret's 
Church,  hot  ween  the  time  of  *  Doomsday 
Book*  and  the  re^i^ter  of  Bsbop  Aluwyke, 
so  far  as  a  cureful  examination  of  the 
simple  yet  characterhitic  details  of  the 
building  will  i^nrinit ;  and  1  have  also  en- 
deavoured to  explain  the  architect  oral 
problem  by  an  hi**toricid  paridlel,  wbich 
accoimts  for  tbe  traiditioti  that  Robert 
Bossu  built  part  of  this  church.  In  con- 
clusion, periuit  me  to  remark  upon  tho 
wide  field  into  which  the  inquiry  hna  in- 
troduced us.  We  step  at  once,  by  the  help 
of  tl\e*e  apparently  unimpnrtimt  stones, 
into  the  province  of  univtnMd  history.  VVe 
J  a^s  iu  review  the  tirtit  ChriatiMii  edifice 
which  aro&e  here  in  the  remote  and  bar- 
barous ages  of  our  country.  We  accoant 
for  its  disappearance  by  the  successive 
ravages  of  the  heathen  DarieHj  for  its  re* 
building  after  the  Xoniiati  Conquest ;  and 
for  its  pflrtial  destruction  during  and  in 
conj^equeiice  of  the  feudal  times  ;  and  these 
are  all  matters  of  uiiivcrfetd  interest — in- 
terest whith  ctmnot  lail  to  derive  addi- 
tional inqKJrtance  to  oa  from  being  thus 
localized ;  whilst,  at  tho  same  time,  the 
veneration  we  owe  the  fabric  caimot  liHil 
to  he  increaaied  from  being  tlius  palpably 
connected  with  some  of  tho  mo»t  importuut 
events  which  have  occuricd  in  the  history 
of  the  world.*' 

On  the  motion  of  the  Rev.  J.  H.  Hill, 
seconded  by  Mr.  Bellairs,  the  thanks  of 
the  Socifty  were  voted  to  Mr.  Jack  sou  for 
his  paper,  which,  it  was  also  proposed, 
should  l)e  printetl  in  the  aunnal  volume. 

ilr.  TliompHon  then  read  some  observa- 
tions upon  a  proposal  for  printing  the 
Transactions  of  tbe  Society. 

A  brief  distnssion  followed,  wbich  ter- 
minated in  the  onaiumous  adoption  of  the 
following  resolution: — ''That  tbe  sanction 
of  the  Society  bo  given  to  tbe  publicaiiou 
of  tbe  past  Transjictions  of  the  Society  by 
Messrs.  Ward  and  Sons,  the  Society  nut 
mcuning  any  pecuniary  liiibility  by  such 
publication:  and  the  lion.  Secret^trlefH, 
with  Mr,  Thompson,  are  requested  to  su- 
perintend the  publication." 

Mr.Thompaoti  also  mentioned  the  pro- 
jected publication,  by  Mr.  J,  O.  Nichols, 
of  the  ancient  letters  in  the  poaeession  of 

00 


298 


Aniiqmarian  and  Liierary  IntelUgemcer. 


[Sept 


Mr.  PCTrx-HerricV,  which,  from  the  fperi- 
icens  pi\idQC«d  mt  the  late  meetinc  '»  will 
erideDtlv  be  a  work  of  much  interest,  cot 
meivlT  to  the  load  historun,  bat  to 
othem. 

It  VIS  rpp^rted  that  the  aniraal  meet- 
iTSiT  for  the  exhibhVm  of  antiqixitief  and 
Tvadin^  of  papers  voald  take  p!ac«  at 
Lxanenrcnh.  on  Wt^lresdaj  the  ISth  arid 
ThcrsdaT  \he  19th  of  September  Dext, 
when  the  Rer.  Tbos.  Jamec,  of  Tht-d^ne- 
worth,  and  Mr.  M.  H.  Bloxam,  of  Riagbr, 


wonld  read  papen.  Mr.  Btoxam,  h  wm 
stated,  had  promised  also  to  attend  ai  the 
church  at  Lutterw'Trth  on  the  Wcdnesdar, 
and  exphu'i  its  architeictara]  pecn!iaritiefi» 
and  alio  descnbe  the  Wlckliffe  relica.  The 
snbject  of  Mr.  James's  paper  to  be  the 
'■  Banle  of  Xasebr.'*  The  Roman  ranaiai 
near  lilbonme.  Ttieddinzworth  Cbwh 
(lately  K#tor*^\  Stanford,  and  Mistertoo, 
wen  all  *tai<r>i  to  l>*  d(«m  on  the  rmle 
proposed  to  be  taken  bv  tLe  excarponists. 


SOCIETY  OF  AynorARIES,  yEWCASTLE-UPOX-TTXE. 


JmiyZ.  JOHX  FZTWiCE,  £*q^  V.P..  in 
the  cba:r. 

Mr.  White  prndneed  fac-ff:milM«  half 
Rzep  cf  tLrce  fiacs  oouMcted  with  the 
warcTF  c-f  Jedbcrgh,  aad  prpKTvei  in 
the  mnsenm  theve.  MjI  were  c4  ereen 
sqlk  wiih  wblte  omanKnts.  and  all  h«d 
the  addiii™  of  the  sLtrtle  cf  the  craft. 
One,  of  obJDQff  shape  with  a  ilia  St.  An- 
d-*»**  csNws  and  ro!*  at  iLe  intersw-ti-^a 
cf  i:*  lisb»^  is  dated  1€<S1.  and  is  said  to 
hare  been  ax  the  battie  t(  KiliSecrankV. 
Another,  erf"  p  Tmoo  shape,  has  St- Andrew's 
cross  OB^T.  "Hie  third  is  al»  dt«?nted 
witii  the  Hsne  cr^-wik.  anl  ia  sj.:ie  lieiec.f, 
ax»d  :a  f^>:te  of  its  OLuc<cr.  l«ars  the  as- 
tOQxndixic  inseriptjoii,  -Tak«n  from  tlrf 
English  at  Bann^vkbax.  131 1.'^  The 
Bianer  was  made  mew  rmsx  br  a  store  of 
the  pasnnSc  rpfoasl  of  the  la-al  cnsto^^cr 
to  part  with  oa>e  frapo«sit  cftr-is  pmrimss 
cinarx  f.7  aZ]  :he  acns  of  the  l>Dke  c^ 
Ecilerrh.  T*t  ihere  was  no  mji  <xable 
d.-ic\4  c€  the  r^>d  £uth  of  the  pmen) 
pawsfk-T!^  azid  oeruiiilr  Bone  ct  thccr 
kindneaL  in  bcsnp  at  the  tmbVe  to  male 
•and  mod  £ac-cisJiei  la  the  material  of 
the  cr  ^jiak. 

I>r.C%BtecK  anrnrt^  moeh  a2t««t3io 
Iv  ci^ilixfrv^  the  rc&a  aDsdcd  lo  in  the 

'OonaAcraptiieisipntKEt  Tian  p^Ted 
If  ife  4«nij[  cf  N-onfexsibcr^and  in  Life 
nam:  «f  in&.  it  swais  lonmce  that  «o 
fcw  hwb'm  «f  tiitf  evaifd  j«9-iod  hire 
«■■>  4p«ra  ••  c«»  tane.    la  irsth.  hrw. 


ei-er,  bo*h  parries  that  of  the  Hanoreriant 
a*Ki  that  of  the  >t^w&rts.  were  ai.zioss  to 
hide  from  the  public  ere  all  traces  of  that 
Tear.  The  ^mc<Ay.\*%  dbuvd  not  icCain 
aboTit  their  booses  evldencef  cf  taeir  bar- 
ing bevn  c'HiCfeTD'd  in  the  plot,  ct  in  the 
acr-i^s;  wanWre  \htx  esksaed ;  and  henee  it 
is  tiia:  lo  frw  leiterc^  or  dummenta  hare 
Keen  prese-n-Ai.  i3:.pl'.cat-.ni:  any  of  the 
Northmnbrian  pc-Dtrr  in  either.  There 
caniK't,  bcnrever.  be  a  aj'Tsbt  bat  that  for 
nearir  a  Lundivd  years  afler  the  Rerola- 
tioQ  i&  16S>.  srienu  of  ihe  coontry  gvn- 
tit=3j<a  in  Xoinb:iniherlaiid  kep:  op  more 
or  less  cdTeFTVEtdence  with  thie  memLcrs 
and  adbcreiiis  of  ibe  exiled  family. 

-  The  few  relics  of  the  period  abore 
allndcid  to  that  we  OLhibit  this  evening, 
have  beien  eciroj^ted  lo  ns  by  the  re2i<i  of 
0B>e  mhcwe  anc«!Aor»  were  alwajn  devoted 
adherecu  t»{  :he  Steranft,  and  one  of 
who^e  anoertorik  the  iadirSdsjJ  aLaded  to 
in  the  letter  we  now  pr^idace,  took  an 
aetlre  az)d  pr:^arineni  part  in  tLe  riianir  of 
ITli.  The  oi-Seiccs  we  exLibct  w€s«  foond 
hid  away  in  a  lDnjb£7-rvx«aa  in  the  Loaiw 
of  SanihM,  whit-ljer  they  had  xk»  doabt 
btn  n  brCQsht  froen  Rerasn.-vsth.  the  seat 
of  the  family  of  Charltcm  of  the  Bomer 
arid  RMtinncQih  from  an  eu'ly  perii.'d. 
The  famiiy  is  deideniod  fr.-qa  Hec;-v 
Charhiiin  ^  the  Ri>wer.  the  aaane  who  in 
the  Ki.teenth  cesrary  ftet  at  dr&aiKir  the 
interdict  laid  upon  North  TyneoaLe  for 
the  raid  into  the  hashoTinc  of  IV&rham. 
William  Ouirit^vi.  of  the  R.imeT  and 
Reinabaaocth.  i!e!MS»I>.  frvxn  the  &vt- 
mtrnM  p(WM*!»oi&.  kshiv-n  as  Booirie,  or 
Bo«-ne.  t-o^-^  as  we  bkvc  sai  i.  an  active 
pan  in  iJie  nfcnp  otf  ITIK.  He  was  aft«T- 
wjjQs  p»j\iir^»>a,  b=t  tS.is  was  n«  ii>e  fir*t 
time  that  R-«ri<-  bad  bott  ia  tivTcMe 
m-ith  the  c<>*tT:.ro«.t.  Ol  t'lic  21»t  of 
Fe^vvainr.  170ti<  he  qssrrt'.jAi  aith  Hemy 
Wjodri'-^ioD    «f   Bi^JighaJK.   about    a 


186L]        Society  of  Antiquaries^  Newcasile-npon-Tyne, 


horse*',  w  theri?  wm  a  hofte-rnoe  that  day 
oti  the  iKiddheaps,  cJomi  to  B^llingtuiu. 
Thry  ntijounied  to  a  auiall  hollow  of  the 
Doddhefipii,  cnllt^  H(;eU>wood  8ci'og;g«, 
and  wliitih  we  can  reoieinbLT  well  «s 
haviiigr  t»ecu  pointed  out  to  iw  many  y*  ars 
ii|;o.  The  iish- trees  in  thut  tnud  hollow 
biid  not  thun  he«ii  ctil  down,— indi^d,  they 
were  AUnding  till  withia  a  ft*w  j/ears,  Mud 
served  to  intirk  tbti  ttpot.  Here  the  coin* 
bfttaiit*  i'o(>ght,  and  iJowrio  tlew  hia  oppo- 
nent. H»  ijL  Biiiil  byoiiQ  tradition  Ut  hnre 
bw?n  tMken  ' Ted-haiidt^d,'  jwWiiUum  t*aid- 
law,  of  Kinbli?hopt%  who  witTle^5ed  tht*  flgbt, 
hrtiftt^ncHl  to  th«  l>(xldht'ap!t  and  iiUruu'd 
tile  pt'ople,  who  seized  the  olfuMider.  We 
are  inclint-d,  howGVfr,  to  believe  tbtit 
^jwrie  C'fiCHped  on  hurskfhjick*  and  that 
"^  e  night  reaehwl  the  ^e^idenL•t:  uf  JS'i- 
hi!!  Li-adbitter,  wt  WhanolHy,  He  waa 
leraied  in  the  Iioum;  nt  Whaimlcy*  and 
Iked  thf  floor  all  the  ni;?ht  in  \m  heavy 
la,  U)  the  snrpriiiPt  aud  uu  (tonbi,  some- 
what to  the  anno)unee,  of  hi«  XimX.  aud 
hia  family.  He  aubsequently  ubtained  tli© 
pardon  of  Queeu  Anne,  under  the  Great 
Se^il,  for  thli  chance  lutdiey;  and  this 
docuuieut  we  nre  enabled,  by  tike  kvndnesa 
of  the  relict  of  the  List  Charlton  of  the 
How* or ^  and  lieKsilf  a  Le»idbitt*  r  of  War- 
don,  to  eihihit.  It  is  tald  tliat  Widdriii^;- 
ton'ft  bi-nly  wwb  b  iried  Left»re  CJmrlttm's 
pew-door  in  HelUu^bam  Churrbp^  iind  tbat^ 
(Hi  that  account,  Bowrie  would  never  ent*r 
again  the  tkocreti  editice.  It  therefore 
•eeuis  thut  Bowrie  waa  probably  a  Pro- 
tntantt  or  at  leiiet  bad  tempomrily  con- 
formed ;  and  thia  u  the  more  prububle  ni 
we  find  in  Patten'ti  Uistorj'  of  ihe  Ue- 
bellion  that  hiti  tmuje  is  not  entered  as 
a  P^pii^t.  Un  the  other  bund,  he  is  not 
designated  a  Prote^itnut,  m  are  the  otber 
*"  reteU/  so  we  wa  v  fairly  conclude  that 
}k>wrie  had  no  religion  at  all.  Hifl  bro- 
ther  Edward  U  uud  by  Patten  to  bare 

^  *^  In  thete  tinier  th»  pennl  statute  by  which 
DO  fapiwt  Wiia  ttlawed  to  poMesa  a  bon»o  ol  tho 
▼alne  of  more  than  £4  was  strictly  cuforced.  la 
17i&  Sir  ^lltlaui  Middletoa,  of  Bclsoj',  M!U»d  Uie 
boncaat  Hcwltrjrstdr,  and  la  the  Lmdbitter  family 
lllttre  b  a  lituUtian  or  ttie  ibtfta  murted  to  te 
prt«ervp  a  Tutaablc  horse,  belonging  to  the  thaa 
©fWiicr  of  \^  JVTdon,  The  htu-r-c  wan  first  bM  In 
(be  wtHid  Ihjit  bgrdera  £tomer'*-laae,  but  bfirLng 
heard  to  neigh  when  a  picket  of  sobtierB 
^  ridlag  bj,  it  was  thuug^bt  d&agcrouA  to  IcaTQ 
I  tbere«  He  wa*  accordingly  bruuprfac  bock  to 
Wonlun,  and  wm  Uaed  by  cordn  up  into  the  loft 
abor«r  tb'  ^  '  ■■  stablcft,  mid  there  a  cham- 
ber WKA  liim  of  truiMst  of  bay  and 
■tniir,  1 !  :'^  here  would,  of  ooarse,  at- 
naet  Of)  nttmtioii,  unicae  th«  soldiera  w«ro  aata- 
all}  la  the  sUbla." 


recently  l>ceome  a  Papist,  having  tnarried 
a  person  of  that  persuasion.  However, 
we  find  that  Howrie'a  knils  are  registered 
as  a  Catholic's  under  the  penal  statutes  in 
1723,  Be  this  aa  it  may,  Bowrie  left  no 
Icjyttimnto  is^ne^  and  tbe  children  of  Ed- 
w«rd  Charlton,  hia  younger  brother,  suc- 
cetded  to  tbe  estates. 

'*  (jldward  Cbarlton  bad  married  the 
relict  of  Krrington,  of  Walwlck  Gruriu^ 
ori^dnally  a  Miai  Dalton.  of  Thnrnhiim, 
atid  BuMrie  Is  said  to  h  »ve  lieen  anxiong 
tha^  bis  illegitimabe  daogbters  slmuld  be 
brou^Vit  np  under  her  care.  She  de- 
murred, uuder  the  plea  that  they  were 
Proti^tants  and  ihe  Cutholic,  hut  Bowrie 
told  her  to  make  them  i^hnt  she  liked* 
Tbi^se  ladies  afterwards  lived  long  in  Hex- 
hiiui,  and  are  remembered  by  persons  yet 
living.  They  continued  staunch  Jaeobites 
to  the  very  last.  On  the  flrat  relajLatiou 
of  the  penal  laws,  about  1780,  King 
(tefirge  111.  was  for  the  first  time  jirayed 
for  publicly  in  tbe  Cutbolic  chupels  in 
Ktigiiind.  Tlie  riijitnut  hta  nauie  waa 
mentiont'd,  the  Misw  Cliiirltotis  roae  &om 
their  seat  and  movi'd  out  of  the  chapel^ 
ajid  this  tbey  continued  to  do  all  tb»dr 
Uvea.  We  know  unt  who  were  the  friemls 
by  wh<j»e  intercesMion  Bowrie  obtained  his 
pwrdon  frum  Queen  Anne.  It  is  probable 
that  the  cc'currenco  was  regariled  in  tbe 
light  ol  a  mere  brawl  \  und  tradition  givet 
us  as  one  of  tbe  eir  cum  stances  strongly 
urged  in  bis  favour,  tliat  nfter  Widdring- 
ton  had  fallen,  bu  threw  his  own  clonk  over 
tbe  dung  man  before  he  rode  away  from 
tbe  scene.  We  next  hcsir  oi  Bo^vrie  as 
engaged  in  tSie  rising  of  1715,  but  the 
details  of  his  exploits  on  that  occasion 
have  not  come  down  to  us.  He  behavt>d, 
it  is  said,  brav«  ly  at  Preftton,  but  we  do 
not  know  when  he  was  rtdieved.  In  17-15 
fiowrie  was  imprisoned  as  one  suspected 
of  favouring  the  Stewurt^^,  It  is  said  that 
this  was  done  by  his  own  frii-nds  to  ket'p 
bim  out  of  tniei-cbief,  for  he  must  then 
hjive  been  well  iidvaneed  in  \eflrs».  W^e 
produce  the  origin al  warrant  t\\T  his  com- 
mitment, signed  by  Cuthbert  Smith,  then 
Mayor  of  Newcustle,  and  dated  November 
Ist^  1745.  Bowrie,  no  doubt,  felt  his  im- 
piisonment  keenly,  nnd  did  bis  best  to 
obtain  his  relean?.  He  seeuis  to  have 
applit'd  to  Collingwood  of  Chirton  for  this 
pur^Kjae,  and  we  produce  that  gentleman's 
auto)2;rHph  atiawer,  regretting  his  inability 
to  do  anything  for  him,  dated  June  12, 
17-Wi.  From  this  time  wa  do  not  learn 
much  of  biin,  5«ive  what  has  come  down 
by  tradition  of  bis  rough  and  roysteriug 
disposition. 

''In  1736,  Jomea   Tone,   steward   at 


800 


Antiquarian  and  IMerary  Intelligencer. 


[Sept 


Henleyside,  writing  to  Edward  Charlton 
of  Hcsleyside,  who  had  then  on  the  death 
of  his  father  snooeeded  to  that  property, 
gpcaks  thus  of  Bowrie,  (we  have  pre- 
served  the  remarkable  orthography  of 
the  letter:) — 'Boorry  Charlton  waw  all 
wayes  vearry  a-Boonfie  and  scomfoll  man 
to  my  master,  and  would  a  made  him 
londelled,  and  soaled  him  deare  bergains 
and  aboaed  him  when  he  had  done.'  No 
doubt  the  old  sqnire  was  rough  and  rude, 
and  fond  of  his  cups. 

*<  Among  the  articles  we  exhibit  to-night 
is  a  Venice  glass,  of  which  there  were 
sereral  at  Sandboe-house,  with  a  rose  and 
oak-lfaf  engraven  on  the  bowl.  Between 
these  is  a  single  star,  to  which,  when  the 
King's  health  was  given,  the  loyal  Jacobite 
placed  bis  lips,  and  drank  his  Majesty's 
health  'under  the  rose.'  Another  ghtss, 
of  which  but  very  few  now  remain,  has 
Prince  Charles's  head  and  bust,  with  the 
motto  *Audentior  Ibo.'  Another  huge 
Venice  glass  has  on  it  the  inscription, 
*  Pero,  take  your  advantage,'  which  may, 
however,  have  been  only  a  drioking-word 
of  the  old  squire.  Mo  doubt  Bowrie, 
after  his  release,  continued  to  cherish  the 
memory  of  the  Stewarts,  and  perhaps  to 
plot  a  little  in  their  favour  when  an  op- 
portunity occurred.  Nothing  was  more 
likely  than  that  he  and  his  family  should 
1  )ve  to  collect  memorinls  of  the  Stewarts, 
and  accordingly  we  shew  a  mull,  dated 
1745,  with  the  inscription,  'Ah  Charlie, 
ye've  been  lang  a*  cummin ;'  a  pair  of  the 
well-known  Jacobite  silk  fjarterp,  woven 
probably  at  Lyons,  with  the  inscription 
•*  *  Come  let  iw  with  one  heart  a^oe. 
To  pray  that  God  may  ble«8  P.  C.  ;*— 

and  a  pincushion  bearing  the  names  of 
the  victims  of  1746  on  the  JHCobite  side. 
We  suspect  these  pincushions  to  have  been 
likewise  made  at  Lyons,  or  somewhere 
abroad. 

"'ITie  last  relic  connected  with  these 
times  that  we  have  to  shew,  is  a  letter 
written  evidently  by  a  conspirator,  and 
rouched  in  the  most  ambiguous  term?. 
The  original  is  directed  to  Mr.  William 
Bell,  supervisor,  Hexham,  but  there  can 
be  little  or  no  doubt  but  that  it  was  in- 
tended for  no  such  servant  of  King  George, 
afl  the  individual  addre>«ed  in  the  letttr 
itself  is  termed  Dr.  Cambray.  This  was, 
no  doubt,  a  nom  de  guerre^  and  we  have 
no  means  of  knowing  who  was  the  Pon- 
tifex  maximus.  Nor  do  we  believe  that 
Wylara  is  the  real  place  spoken  of  as  the 
place  of  meeting  nppointed.  The  charac- 
ter of  Bowrie  here  given  is  in  all  proba- 
bility a  tolerably  correct  one.  He  evi- 
dently alludes  to  his  somewhat  rough  and 


unpolished  manners,  but  bears  testimony 
to  his  good  heart.  The  allusion  to  the 
Yonng  Gudeman  of  Bellnagigh  is  evi- 
dently meant  for  the  young  Prince  Charka, 
by  the  old  Stewart  sobriquet  of  the  '  Gude- 
man of  Balleneeich.'  It  would  have  been 
curious,  indeed,  if  we  could  have  obt^ned 
a  rejKM-t  of  what  was  discussed  at  the  coo- 
dave  at  Wylam,  but  no  short-hand  writer 
was  present  at  these  secret  meetings  to 
take  down  the  dangerous  words  uttered, 
or  the  treasonable  toasts  drank  by  the 
Jacobite  squires  of  Northumberland." 

Dr.  Charlton  also  exhibited  a  Frendi 
missal  of  the  fifteenth  century,  containing 
the  Hours  of  the  Virgin,  and  a  legend,  in 
French,  of  St.  Margaret.  The  border  is 
gold  foliage,  with  small  subjects  occasion- 
ally introduced  among  it,  and  there  are 
aome  large  miniatures  of  very  superior 
execution.  He  also  produced  some  rest- 
roents  of  the  modem  form  of  chasuble, 
maniple,  and  stole,  used  in  the  Romish 
Church,  which  had  l>elonged  to  the  Brand- 
lings, and  been  sold  when  they  left  Felling. 
They  were  composed  of  earlier  materiala, 
silk  and  velvet,  apparently  of  two  dates, 
curiously  worked  with  saints,  and  a  badge 
or  religious  emblem  frequently  repeated. 

Mr.  Brockett,  through  Mr.  LongatafTe, 
exhibited  a  document  of  most  portentous 
dimensions,  and  minuteness  of  calligraphy. 
It  is  the  original  sealed  duplicate  of  the 
return  to  Chancery  made  by  the  Royal 
Commissioners  in  1587,  respecting  the 
four  hospitals  of  Durham,  viz.,  Gates- 
head, Greatham,  Sherbum,  and  Barnard- 
castle,  some  hitherto  unknown  charities 
of  the  city  of  Durham,  and  the  contribu- 
tions of  the  Dean  and  Chapter  to  roads, 
bridges,  and  almsgivings,  according  to 
their  statutes,  now,  we  fear,  a  very  dead 
letter.  It  is  proposed  to  print  this  im- 
portant MS.,  which  contains  evidence 
nowhere  else  apparent,  and  is  preserved 
among  the  archives  of  the  family  of 
Bowes,  whose  public  services  to  the  pala- 
tinate have  been  so  frequent  and  con- 
tinuous. 

Mr.  Clayton  read  Mr.  William  Coulson's 
account  of  the  explorations  at  present  in 
his  charge : — 

"  Linhope,  July  1, 1861. 

"  A  wonderfnl  camp  it  is— surrounded 
with  two  walls.    The  outer  wall  is  about 


186],] 


^wemirthire  Arch'iteclural  Society' 


m 


10  feet  thick,  and  the  mner  one  about  5 
ft'ct.  In  the  interior  of  the  c«inp  ure  a 
gTieat  nainlM?r  of  circular  dwcllin^jfl.  lliese 
dwelliiigs  Iiftve  two  imtranccs  generally, 
<me  facing  the  (Mist,  und  the  other  th© 
westj  the  entmnce  to  the  ^mt  biing 
Hugged  for  6  or  H  tet't  inwards,  and  the  rest 
of  thi*  dwelling  laid  with  brge  ^tone^  Hud 
covered  over  with  gravel  and  rnim^l  stones. 
ATiotit  the  ftides  IB  ft  little  deviation,  as  if 
for  sitting  or  Bleeping  on.  What  ih  very 
rcmnrkiible,  we  have  not  been  able  to  dis- 
cover any  traces  of  fire  in  any  of  these 
dwt'llingif^  We  have  opened  four  or  five 
of  them.  Tliere  appears  to  be  jm  ari  attgU' 
ttient  of  dwellinj^  on  the  ea*t  and  north 
side*  of  tlie  walls  of  a  different  f>lnipe.  In 
•ome  of  them  we  hiive  dincovertnl  triice«  of 
fire-charred  wood  y  and  in  one  of  thein 
■ome  broken  pottery  of  a  very  coarse  kind. 
We  have  found  two  tpiertiu  ot  very  rnde 
nmk4\  hut  not  pt-r'oraled.  One  of  thi  m 
is  ftundjitone,  and  nrnst  have  been  brought 


frotn  some  distance,  as  there  i«  no  sand- 
stone near  this  place.  We  have  fonr 
gHteways,  but  not  opposite  t^>  each  other; 
and  curiously  onotigl^,  gnnrdhouses  inside 
of  each  gateway,  the  aame  aa  in  Ruman 
camps,  but  of  the  most  rude  kiml.  There 
are  giiteuaya,  hoth  in  inner  and  outer 
circles,  and  guardhouses  to  all  of  them. 
At  about  3VK>  ynnlfl  to  the  cm\<  of  the 
above  c^mp  i§  another  group  of  divellingf» 
and  arranged  in  the  eame  manner ;  and^ 
a  httlc  to  the  north- east,  about  300  yards 
on  the  side  tif  a  hill,  i§  another  atronghohl, 
with  the  dwelhngH ainiuged  ami  defended 
much  in  the  fearae  maimer.  There  are, 
alM,  a  gr*at  many  iiicloanres  of  several 
acres,  which,  no  douht,  have  been  for  the 
keejiing  of  cattle.  Indewl,  for  upwarda 
of  lliree-quitrtera  of  a  rollu  to  the  t-ast  in- 
ch >eures  can  he  traced  out.  We  have 
ofHir>i*^l  two  or  thrve  small  barrows,  but 
found  nothing." 


WORCESTERSHIBE  ARCinTECTTIRAL  SOCIETY. 


June  4.  The  operations  for  the  seafton 
commenced  by  an  excursion  to  Udilmgley 
and  its  neighbourhood,  a  di^ttnct  in  which 
«celesiology  has  been  hitherto  hut  little 
ilodiedp  and  an  ample  field  retnainjn  for 
tike  «iiergie<t  of  church  restorers.  The  day 
mm  unfortunately  wet,  but  the  programme 
WM  ttirried  out.  Among  the  tourists  were 
EcF.  Canon  and  Mrs.  Wood,  Rev.  E,  J. 
and  Mrs.  Newcorab,  Itev.  W.  H,  and  Mrs, 
Wo«drych,  Revdit,  T.  L.  Ckughttin,  K. 
Cattley,  W.  W.  Douglai*,  J.  E-  Vernon, 
Brooke  Lambert,  J.  Porter.  T.  H.  Itom- 
ney,  U.  Whatley,  H.  M.  Sherwood,  Jus. 
Cook,  T.  W.  Hay  ward.  T.  Walker,  Messrs. 
Q,  J.  A.  Walker,  W,  J.  Hopkins,  Miss  J. 
Meredith,  J.  ,S.  Walker,  li.  W.  Bmua,  H. 
T).  Mitchell,  W.  Mence,  Strickland,  J. 
Noake,  E.  Lee*,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hohwes,  &c. 

Tibljerton  was  the  tlrst  church  at  which 
the  party  arrivecL  The  iucun)l)ent  had 
declined  to  meet  the  Society,  and  stated 
his  opinion  that  there  was  nothing  iu  his 
little  church  worthy  of  a  visit  from  that 
body.  The  church  warden,  however,  was 
prevailed  npon  to  lend  the  key  of  the 
building,  and  then  the  statement  was  soon 
verified,  for  in  truth  this  hnnible  edidce 
presented  nothing  desirable  to  look  upon, 
but  inneh  to  regret,  Tibterton  Church  is 
■  very  snuiU  buUding,  elm  fly  of  the  thir* 


teenth  century,  consisting  of  chancel,  nave^ 
and  little  wcKiden  tower  and  Rpire  at  the 
weat  end.  The  southern  doorway  has  long 
been  stopped  up,  and  a  nither  good  porch 
there  has  evidently  Wni  used  as  a  rect^p* 
tacle  for  coals,  fragments  of  which,  as  also 
an  old  fender,  were  »till  remaining,  along 
with  a  Invariant  crop  of  nettles,  Tlie 
west  door,  the  square  wintlows,  the  white- 
wash and  plaster,  the  stove-pipe  bolting 
through  the  centre  of  the  church,  and 
many  other  featureit,  elicited  Vrtrious  cxcla* 
matione(  trom  the  visitors;  and  a  wretched 
lean-to  building,  n*ed  as  a  ichool-roora 
and  op«ning  into  the  church,  contains  a 
wooden  erection  like  an  oh!  watch-boj, 
which  is  used  as  a  ve«try.  The  church- 
WKrden  infomied  the  parly  tlnit  for  the 
last  forty  years  the  tower  had  Iwen  in  an 
awkward  condition,  and  there  tk^emed  to 
be  no  chance  of  bettering  its  prospect*. 
Beyond  the  above  there  was  nothing  re- 
markable here,  but  there  arc  two  facts 
recorded  in  history  with  regartl  to  the 
parish — namely,  that  one  Koger  Tandy 
{temp.  James  I.)  took  up  a  hogshead  of 
beer,  and  drank  out  of  the  bung-hole,  by 
the  mere  strength  of  his  arms,  without 
reeting  it  on  hts  knees;  and  that  in  the 
time  of  the  civil  wars  a  youth,  hight 
Hugh  PestMxl,  alim  "The  Little  Turk," 


▼  :u  i.,«r.-r  «■  w.^K   -ci_     ji  !.^T"_  r  ▼.!►  .wr-.-^   t  in*    -:T=rrta*r' 'sir—    dkec*^  ^r    if 

^■?asr?«  iTil  1-f*  tSMir:^  au.  "vr  t-jt.  j^i.  ^-r^zLZ  *    t»txx.j»    iit:--    a    &:•'*   .»    of 

ff   U«-  •£:>£«»   J   l^r.    -.lii;.  n.  -f   h^nr.  -iR-^r- --  ::r   -.-i2^      3c:   ii<iss-    Tfc-    ir*- 

x3Tt  "T  "LIj-  rar"r     *tr   a:.-   r   :;t-  tJT  *-:r  ".-r-jn"   r  Tj-  u-z.    •■■'sn.triaiT-  rsvs* 

ixr*ff»:*r.=5-  -^zL^    y  JTT-.rr—  ••vs-  inrrr  -lit  -\s4:i  *"-  •^■■■^    zmtz  -u-r: 

UB3r=-    &.  i:-*-^    r  mrv-i.  in-.-.t.-*^  rra.   *n-  !•!.'  in^    .riir-T"   ^  .—:•-:    .rzujc   -rru  «iBBf 

rrjwp-t   -n*-   ^z-'sra    i^-t-:-?:    -ij-    ■.i..iLif^  l-j-    :t^     -.--'-    =^1:-    -iir^    HTit    -wet 

~T:-fP-_  T^rx.-r^  ••■-»r--^  .1*5,    7"..-:  -"rr.    ir  ri  -.ij-.r     :    T"  '-"-?-i.-    T-ii-n    r   ^  i^i-t 

^'tw^    »  «:.l  -.•   LJi'-'    i^r-r.  -  — nrrf  ■  i.-.:i-  "  -  T-=i;rr^   '-Ir^^  -::-■.  "  j-  '  .   jfi::i:r-in  d? 

ucn-    ?^:-».— "^    li^    ML- -.nine   -••r.irr  "i.t  oTji  ".ii-r^  ril  ^«.     -  "r-i:  ■V---C.      Tat 

V  jwt     But    U*fU'>.    »    II^iTlr*.        ^    1.  -     L—  |S^  >     ^PrT^     "^jl-^  -zi.     ^-THr     ~r-       or     '^JT'llt 

sr   01*1*   -**r.tf»*fX-      Ta^    I'Uj^r    ti^    -V-  }-r*'L   wn:i   '■viiains-    r   1  «:--:xi.  lit-    n.jr- 

ftilr.-^a.    u'  Irr-.TT-raL      -t-^  "■■;: -r  •.'■ —  itn    . -.i    ani    i:--    --^zz^    r  •^»-^i    T-rti  tub 

a-"  T-iiid  Uj*^   k-»:    hit  j:*-   .▼  -t.-     -::,-r  v»-n-     T:*-  ii-TTiiA:>t  1.  -ziv  -   x-  i-.rf-  nja^ 

•ksrmrcii'  n  111*  r  niu"  ■- — »?  " u-  li'nr -r-**-  ^-'-1   i»r  ••i^t-  »  4***:  t  «:is.-*iui«t  c-'ig^i.  rf 

i'^c  *  *s«Tiir.    •«»'tfr:jal~  a    r>  t-tt.  »r  -»!«'.  -^  :»-  ".  j-  ,  »7-  li-^"    L     Tasr.      V  a;. 

■:-.iBr...i,    ▼•::.-a    s   if-    «rjf.*.r=i    -Si    ::«  3u  ??v.    ii**   -»*■    ?— .r   ir   V  '^  ^fls-.-g;    vut 

i.-ar-.    LTZ    ry^c    »    i  *-ii.:-u'T.   h:    ia.  ♦ar-r.i.i*^-:  :.=>   :  ^— ,   n  t   "-^^i;--!  x-   Txt* 

inci.-    "I*    on-    r   ">•    ^-x!V    u-t'T.-si    -i*  ^:  i- n?- 'ir   'T    .'-.■tc    .   -rr"*    Ik-s^    a.    -.itt 

"rTui-r»:^jt.      T:*?»-  T-^  irrj'ji    i-.i   :.\iar»f*  •"t-i    mii«---:ti       Tits    aj^«--'-:     cr    ::is 

T^fn    "'-t   nr.'   ~:»»  *fl»«*  vaj-«v    *.»•  Izttt^  '- 'f    i-*ils    r- ■■u-iiiii*.    ^sii-riakes    r.'.:;j^r>.j-" 

«»:«•   •  'j*    t    i»iK^    TT^i-rur  >■  ^ti»'^t.    ii'»l  "ili-^   4111L  n-iir*^   .T^-r.?"  tir.*^  TZ:ur-    i^^- 

ui  -.:••   r.-u^  i^-'jr»*  j*  l  s-iwr  u:il  i-snuit.  ni-zst  ijmirL  -Lin  ^■^2l•:  uirfK^iiiUL  dc  lat 

vij.  ■::,-    ::»»'r-7Tr:i».»i-    *  '.nri-  ^  iiixi»  1w-  Qi; 

"^-vjun    irrs   "ii    Ui*   *t»iij.  "rnc*r?ir  t^*  Bists  sm  irr.i-.  r -—!•:■:  i*;  'uur  I'Mr-.i.  v-.ir 

Biirn  inu«5"rt«    i>  uj#i    l   n\*^   i'jr   iijt"  i"nr  '-.bcsr  wTrrt  c  iiir  ^r^  rn-      A  i"»-»c- 

'Wwer  ■*  *ii»  emnnr?'  u'«i.i^   mii  1  hmciul  2-rfr  »-nin-.  11  •,.»{:.-» --i^jt:.  -•»-  "^r.m  t->  .r"  * 

11  lilt  cxaom*.     TiK  suit  a  it  f-itsni;^.  i:s«ma^  niii  liss  n- inuii»i':i:->  .i*  ::^  ^."lui,^' 

XL  gv^  ^^nmr.      Xr.   •'    •    V  i»l».^ --hl  &  in::.:*;    r^.    t   t  ».  a   t-:^    :  :-.-:.-*.   a. 

•ivr:  sai>er  k*  ium  nut  "x»*  j.:--"  -liir"-:!-*  lit-  vmr?"  nn  u:r  :•-   :>  :.r*    i  ::  u-^-  ::"tt« 

eyilir;    uf  iik  ^iir  visnr  a  iijt  ▼— ::  i  --i:' .j-^st;.    .-    ::    -.rx*  :?  ■ . -s   '     .r.tt 

liiilii  J  OA  v^ruljr^ts!*  &  vtt'a.   mul   im  aO-'.  ir::;  1  ;—■  :fir'^~-^   '.**:.  *:...!    zrxtr^ 

mtmwmuaumm-}  irv-uMrt  v  iii*   rft^inT-a  ▼it.  i.t."  -i  -le  •  7-  c*  t»i  ■ "  . -i-  ■»^^  :i  7:11 

■f  "UK  ifl^.'c      2«sS  m  inv.-Mlac  «<   iij*  ^3Xit  .r  Na^:.  in  tw^*"  *»'.   '.:^.    ^n^^.^^f- 


18G1.] 


Worcesterthire  Architectural  Sonety. 


80S 


by,  a  btiikling  perhaps  not  bo  cittenBive  or 
AiicteQi  ft»  the  houBO  at  Crowle,  yet  ex- 
ceedtng^ly  interesting  from  its  fine  EUza- 
bethan  inimtcl-pieceSr  wainBcotmg%  and 
carvingB,  twisted  chimnevB,  antl  moat  still 
remaining.  lu  cine  of  the  chambers,  be- 
iiind  the  EliuiT>ethan  in  nut  el -piece  nwij  be 
Men  part  of  mi  older  one  of  itone,  contAin* 
ingf  the  carved  figures  of  three  lion**  (the 
nrins  of  England)  and  the  ball -flower, 
indsoitive  of  fourteenth  century  work. 
Some  of  the  carded  work  was  removed  by 
the  late  Earl  of  Shrewsbury,  but  it  is  hoped 
Ihe  present  poa»i  Sior  of  the  title  will  become 
ACqiiAinted  with  the  exceetling  intercat  at- 
lacliittg  to  thia  ancient  inanor-h'>ttae,  and 
restore  it  as  far  as  poaaible.  Near  the 
bonse  is  an  aventie,  known  as  **  Liidy  Win- 
ter*fl  Walk/*  where  the  lady  awaited  the 
fiirttve  visits  of  her  biishand  by  night  when 
King  James  hud  Issued  a  pnx'Iumittion  for 
bia  arrest ;  «iid  benighted  (xmntrynien  still 
occastoziaHy  see  her  spectral  form  there, 
Mr,  John  Holder,  the  present  venerable 
tenant  of  the  honse»  shewed  the  party 
a  service  of  pewter  pkte  which  he  siaid 
bad  been  in  bis  family  for  two  centuries, 
tikd  of  which  be  was  not  nnnaturiilly  prond. 
Tbe  living  was  anciently  Appropriated  to 
tho  Woreestcr  Coramandi  rjs  bnt  Jifter  the 
dinolation  it    was    purchu&ed    by   John 


o*  Combo,  imtnortnlized  by  the  epigram 
ascribed  to  Shakespeare. 

The  last  place  on  the  progmninie  wag 
Himbleton  Church,  which  has  a  cbnnoel, 
nave,  north  aisle,  with  clerestory,  south 
chapel,  wooden  porch,  and  tower.  The 
east  window  Is  a  triple  knoet;  there  la 
also  Nornnan  work  and  very  Inte  Porpen- 
diculiir  in  this  church,  and  many  fragments 
of  old  stained  ghisei,  whiih  sliould  be  col- 
lected and  pot  into  the  chancel  window. 
The  principal  figures  are  the  Virgin  and 
St.  John,  the  initiiilg  **  B.  E.  W."  (Roger 
and  Elizabeth  Winter),  St.  Catherine,  and 
Nuah's  ark,  while  **  Oni  pro  nobui"  moi'ta 
the  eye  in  every  direction,  A  beaatiful 
door,  with  the  wood- work  arranged  in  the 
forTii  of  fourdettved  flowera,  attracted  gen- 
eral iidmirtition.  und  in  the  Shell  Chapel 
(w  called  heoiuse  it  formerly  beloui^ed  to 
that  hamlet,  till  removed  here,)  was  shewn 
a  c<L(!t«iron  sliib  to  the  uiemory  of  some  of 
the  Fiuchers,  who  resided  at  Shell  for 
about  two  ceuluries.  It«  date  iii  1690, 
and  it  is  understood  to  be  the  oldest,  if 
not  the  only  one,  known  in  the  county. 

Soon  after  six  o^clock  the  party  arrived 
at  Worcester,  muih  pleased  with  the  dsya 
proceedings,  and  having  been,  cxctpt  at 
Tibherton,  most  eoiirteoiisly  entertained 
hy  the  respective  incumhtnita. 


Excavations  in  Pompeii,— A  recent  letter  from  Naples  says, — "  Under  the 
direction  of  the  Inspector  General,  Don  Giuseppe  Florello,  and  the  chief  architect, 
Bon  Gaetano  Getiovesi,  the  excavaliotis  at  Pompeii  arc  proceeding  in  a  methodical 
but  rapid  manner,  and  the  uncovering  of  the  whole  city,  which,  in  the  same  ratio 
as  tlie  portion  hitherto  revealed,  would  have  required  four  centuries,  is  ex[>ccted  to 
be  effected  in  fifteen  years,  A  tramway  lifts  been  laid  down  for  the  removal  of 
the  eftrth  and  ashes  out  of  the  city,  and  a  large  number  of  lahoorers  are  now 
engaged  in  opening  a  street  behind  the  new  Tliermai,  which  leads  from  the  Via  di 
Strnbia  to  the  Forum,  and  may  be  expected  to  give  interesting  results,  I  saw  tlic 
houses  excavated  under  the  inspection  of  King  Victor  Emmanuel  during  his  visit 
to  Pompeii,  but  they  ttimcd  out  to  be  rather  njean  residences,  situated  ul  the  back 
€f  the  Forum»  devoid  of  decorative  or  architcctunil  be&uly,  but  highly  interesting 
on  aecouot  of  the  number  of  bronze  and  other  utensils  and  coins  discovered  in 
them.'' 


804  [Sept. 


Corit«(pontimce  of  Sb^Xbntm^  Bvhnn. 


[^Correspondents  are  requested  to  append  their  Addresses,  not,  unless  agreeable,  for 
publication,  hut  in  order  that  a  copy  of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  containing 
their  Communications  mag  he  forwarded  to  them."] 

DR.  SAMUEL  PARR  AND  THE  LATE  BISHOP  MALTBY. 

Mb.  Ubban, — In  1817,  when  the  Rev.  Edward  Maltby,  afterwards 
Bishop  of  Durham,  was  a  candidate  for  the  office  of  Preacher  to  the  Hon. 
Society  of  Gray's  Inn,  Dr.  Samuel  Parr,  the  eminent  Greek  scholar,  wrote 
the  following  letter  commendatory  in  his  favour.  The  original  is  in  the 
possession  of  Philip  Henry  Howard,  Esq.,  of  Corby  Castle,  the  letter  having 
been  addressed  to  Mrs.  Howard's  uncle,  the  late  Francis  Canning,  of  Fox- 
cote,  and  it  has  until  very  recently  remained  unpublished.  Mr.  Howard 
has  favoured  me  with  a  copy  for  the  purpose  of  communicating  the  letter 
to  your  pages,  and  I  have  the  pleasure  to  request  its  insertion  accordingly. 
The  testimony  borne  by  Dr.  Parr  to  the  attainments  of  his  distinguished 
pupil  is  honourable  alike  to  the  writer  and  to  the  object  of  his  solicitude ; 
and  I  dare  say  you  will  be  very  willing  to  introduce  the  letter  to  the  readers 
of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  more  especially  as  the  family  and  friends  of 
the  late  Bishop  will,  I  know,  deem  its  publication  a  welcome  tribute  to  his 
memory.  I  may  add  that  Dr.  Maltby  was  selected  by  the  Benchers  and 
appointed  to  the  post  to  which  he  aspired.  In  the  transcript,  Dr.  Parr's 
orthography  has  been  retained. — I  am,  &c. 

Tynemouth,  Aug,  1861.  Wm.  Sidney  Gibson. 


"  July  19M,  1817.  Hatton, 
"  Deab  Mb.  Canning,  I  am  sure  that  you  will  excuse  me  for  requesting  your 
speedy  and  earnest  interposition  in  favour  of  Dr.  Maltby,  Candidate  for  the  preat'ber- 
ship  of  Gray's  Inn,  which  will  soon  be  vacant. — Among  the  Electers  are  Andrew  Hud- 
dlcHtone  *  and  William  Sheldon,  Esqrs.,  and  if  you  have  an  influence  with  either  or 
both  of  them,  pray  lay  before  them  the  following  statement. 

"  Dr.  Maltby  is  one  of  the  most  judicious  Preachers  and  best  informed  Theologians 
in  England.  He  is  firmly  attached  to  civil%nd  religious  liberty,  and  on  the  Catholic 
qucBtion  he  thinks,  speaks,  and  acts  as  you  would  wish  him  to  do.  His  education  was 
partly  uiuler  me  at  Norwich,  and  partly  under  Dr.  Joseph  Warton  at  Winchester.  He 
read  all  Pindar  with  nie  before  he  went  to  Warton,  and  under  Warton  his  talent  for 
Latin  composition  was  much  improved.  Soon  after  his  arrival  at  Cambridge  he  stood 
for  the  university  Scholarship  against  two  most  powerful  competitors,  and  their  merits 
were  so  nearly  equal  that  the  Judges  refused  to  decide.     This  rare  and  most  honour- 

»  The  gentleman  here  referred  to  was  the  father  of  Andrew  Fleming  Hudleston, 
!].,  of  Hutton  John,  and  Bydal  Hall,  Westmoreland. 
10 


1861.] 


Queen  Mary's  Bower. 


305 


Me  meat  is  recorded  m  onr  university  books,  nnd  yau  will  renfiPinW  that  no  station 
open  to  yonng  men  is  so  creditable  us  the  scholarship  of  which  I  am  Eponking. 

"On  tnkiog  his  Bachelor's  Degree  he  was  one  of  onr  Wranglers.  He  giiined  prizci 
for  Greek  Odea.  He  was  Senior  Medallist  again  and  again* — Tie  has  been  called  npon 
bj  Vice  Chancellors  to  preiich  before  the  University  on  public  occasions.  He  is  now 
one  of  the  Select  Preachers,  and  four  Bermons  which  be  delivered  this  year  have  added 
Ijirgelj  t-o  bis  reputation.  The  soundness  of  his  judgment  and  the  diligence  of  his 
researches  were  manifested  in  a  theological  work  which  he  published  nine  or  ten 
jearaago. 

ImUAj  he  has  sent  forth  an  Edition  of  Morelli's  Greek  Thesaurus,  which  has  been 
received  bj  Scholars  throughout  Europe.  It  is  his  intention  to  send  to  the  Preaa 
volume  of  Discourse*.  I  have  read  several  of  them,  and  I  pronounce  them  very 
excellent  indeed.  He  in  the  Pulpit  is  grave,  nnaifectedj  and  very  iinprossive :  out  of 
the  Pnlpit  he  is  an  independent  upright  Man,  whose  society  will  make  him  agreeable 
and  interesting  to  the  Gentlemen  of  Gmy*s  Inn.  I  assure  you,  dear  Sir,  that  his 
merits  as  a  Parisli  Priest  are  considerable,  and  that  through  the  whole  extent  of  hta 
intc^Uectoal  and  moral  qualities  he  is  likely  to  adorn  the  most  exalted  Station  in  the 
Church.  There  was  a  time  wtien  PreacherBhips  at  the  Inna  of  Court  w©?©  conferred 
upon  the  best  Scholars  and  the  ablest  Divines,  and  if  this  spirit  he  not  utterly  gone. 
Dr.  Maliby  cannot  fail  of  succosa. 

'*  I  muat  not,  however,  dissemble  from  you  that  while  his  litorary  Character  is  lUus- 
trioiiB  and  his  conduct  in  private  life  quite  irrpproachable,  he  is  not  Looked  upon  with 
a  favourable  Eye  by  some  of  our  Prelates.  His  good  mannera,  his  studioua  habits,  hi^ 
pastoral  vigilance,  his  sound  judgment,  his  extensive  learning,  are  in  the  estimation  of 
•ome  Men  insnfficient  to  expiate  the  guilt  of  hifl  attat'hment  to  public  Men  whom  you 
and  I  hononr,  and  to  public  principles  which  we  bold  sincerely  and  avow  fearlcsaly  ^. 
If  it  he  in  your  power,  pniy  recommend  him  to  the  two  C4etitlemen  whom  1  have  men- 
tioned. They  will  not  dispute  my  veracity,  and  if  the  choice  fulls  upon  Maltby,  Ex- 
perience will  lead  them  to  give  me  credit  for  a  right  Judgement,  and  will  leave  them 
the  approbation  of  their  own  minds  for  supporting  a  great  Scholar  and  an  honest 
Man.  Pray  give  my  best  rompliments  and  best  wishes  to  Mrs.  Canning.  I  am,  dear 
Sir,  your  sincere  Friend  and  jtnir  favthful  humble  aenrant,  "  S,  Pabb." 

'*  Francis  Canning,  Esc|.,  Foxooie  House,  Shlpston  on  Stour." 


QUEEN  MARrs  BOWER. 


Mb.  tTBBA5, — ^The  interest  that  has 
hecn  excited  by  the  remarkable  collection 
of  portraits  of  Msry  Queen  of  Soots  at 
1^  recent  Archtcological  Congrcse  at  Pe- 
terborough, indnces  me  to  usk  a  place  in 
your  pages  for  the  following  pleading  de* 
tcription  of  one  of  the  scenes  of  the  child- 
hood of  that  unfortunate  queen.  It  is 
iommarixed  f^om  the  second  series  of 
•'  Hor»  Suhsedvis"  by  John  Brown,  M.D, 
Bdinhurgh,  recently  pnbliahed, — 1  am,  Ac, 

York,  Aftg,  1, 18C.1.       W.  H.  Clabkb, 


"  At  the  Port  of  Menteith,  three  and 
a-half  miles  from  the  Cardroaa  station  of 
the  Stirling  nnd  Loch  Lomond  Railway, 
there  is  a  good  inn.  Taking  boat  there, 
the  touriBt  may  vi§it  two  islanda.  Rest 
and  Talb,  or  the  Earrs  l»le.  The  for- 
mer, which  is  the  h*rger  and  more  easterly 
island,  consists  of  alxjut  five  acre*,  and 
contains  the  ruins  of  a  priory,  where  Queen 
Mary  re«ded  during  the  invasion  of  the 
English  in  1547,  before  she  waa  removed 
to  France.  The  priory  was  founded  about 
12S8,  by  Walter  Comyn,  Lord  of  Ba- 
denoch,  who  became  Earl  of  Menteith  by 


'  Mr.  Cuming  of  Foxoote  was  much  attached  to  the  cause  of  Parliamentary  Be- 
lbnn»  hot  did  not  live  to  see  the  events  of  1832.  He  and  his  learned  oorrospondent 
were  always  great  friends. 

QwrT.  Mio.  Vol.  CCXt  r  p 


306 


Carretpomiaue  «f  Sj/haMmt  Urbam. 


[S«pt 


wrruigv  with  the  Coaftes'.  After  fak 
<!«atb,  Walter  Stewart,  brotber  of  the 
High  Steward  of  SeoUand,  inherited  the 
propertj  and  title  in  right  of  hie  wife, 
the  jomger  nater  ef  Uie  CoonteM  of 
Mentcsth.  A  writ  waa  granted  bj  Robert 
Brace  at  thia  pbee,  m  April,  1310,  aa  re- 
eorded  in  the  Cbartularj  of  Arbroath; 
and  at  the  priorj  of  Indimartho,  (Indi- 
magonie,)  King  Darid  IL  and  Margaret 
Logie  were  manied,  in  1363'.  The  archi- 
teetore  of  the  mooaatie  bail£nga  it  Earlj 
Engliafa.  The  arebsBologiat  will  aee  with 
de%ht  the  ez^eme  beanty  of  the  weatern 
door,  ridilj  monldfd  and  acnlptufed  along 
ita  deep  retiring  jambi^  In  the  dioir 
there  are  cr^rpt,  aedilia,  a  piadna,  and 
other  oaoal  adjonetaof  a  mediaeral  cfanrrh ; 
and  an  ancient  tombatone  ia  auppuaed  to 
nark  the  grare  of  the  founder.  Bat  what 
will  be  viewed  with  moat  intereat  ia  a  re- 
combent  OMinoment  of  two  fignrei^  male 
and  female,  eat  oot  of  one  Urge  atone. 
The  koigfat  ia  in  arrooor,  one  1^  crof  d 
orer  the  other.  A  triangular  ahield  with 
the  dbeck  fem^  prorea  the  bearer  to  baTO 
been  a  Stewart,  bat  the  anna  on  the  shield 
ahew  tbat  the  figure  is  not  that  of  the 
founder.  The  arm  of  the  lady  is  twined 
foond  his  neefc,  and  while  moch  of  the 
monoment  baa  been  defaced,  this  memorial 
of  affection  aeems  to  hare  been  respected. 
The  monaatery  waa  boilt  for  monks  of  the 
Aognstine  Order,  and  waa  dependent  on 
the  g^eat  boose  of  Camboskenneth.  Here 
yoo  find  huge  Spanish  chesnats,  one  lying 


dend,  others 
like  g^antie  antler^  and  nThi  1 1  flooriah- 
ing  in  their  green  old  age,  whilat 
thicket  TOO  aee  the  remaina  of  the  wn, 
taj,  tK  great  beanty,  the  desipi 
workmanship  erqaisite.  Ton 
throagh  the  rains,  oretgrowa  with  fetaa 
and  Spanish  filberts,  and  oid  frmt  tree^ 
and  at  the  eorner  of  the  anocnt  monnsHc 
garden  yoa  come  upon  a  strange  and 
most  toodiing  sight — an  oral  apaee  of 
aboot  18  feet  by  12,  with  the  remain  of 
a  doable  row  of  borwood  all  roand,  the 
ahrnba  of  box  being  fiiarteen  feei  hi^ 
and  eight  or  nine  inches  in  diamKer, 
healthy,  hot  plainly  of  great  age.  What 
is  this?  it  b  called  in  the  gmde-hooks 
Qoeen  Mary's  Bower?  It  is  plahdy  the 
diikl-qaeen's  garden,  with  her  little  walk; 
and  its  rows  of  boxwood,  left  to  theaa 
aelrea  for  three  hundred  yeara^  Tei; 
witboot  doabt  'here  is  that  first  garden 
ofbersimpleneas.'  Fancy  the  Rttle,  lardy, 
royal  child,  with  ber  Ibar  Mariea*,  her 
piay-fellowa,  her  child-maida  of  hoBOor, 
with  their  little  hands  and  feet,  and  their 
innocent  and  happy  eyes,  pattering  aboot 
that  garden,  langfaing,  and  raniung;  and 
gardening  aa  only  ^Idren  do  and  can. 
As  is  wdl  known,  Mary  waa  placed  by 
her  mother  in  the  Isle  of  Best  before  adl- 
ing  from  the  Clyde  to  France.  There  ia 
soaiething '  that  tiris  the  heartstringa  a' 
to  the  life,'  in  standing  and  looking  on 
this  unmistakable  rdic  of  that  strange  and 
pathetic  dd  time." 


BOTTEN  BOW, 
Mb.  TjVBAS, — Antiquariea  hare  be- 
wildered themseWes  in  derising  an  origin 
for  this  curious  name,  but  it  is  undoubtedly 
much  more  andent  than  most  persons 
imagine,  for  the  word  occurs  in  an  entry 
in  the  Chartulary  of  Binham  Priory  re- 
apecting  Norwich;  it  can  be  traced  to 
1302.  (See  Blomefidd's  Norfolk,  toL  iii. 
p.  67.)  "  Qa»  via  includit  renus  orien- 
tern  illam  placeam,  qus  quondam  fuit  pa- 
lacium  Rogeri  Bigott,  comitis,  ex  parte 
unA  et  modd  appellatur  Kattonbowi.'' 
(Mon.  Anglic,  2nd  edit.,  p.  408.)  (Mr. 
Timbfl  derives  Rotten,  in  Rotten -row, 
Hyde-park,  from  rofteran,  *  to  muster,'  as 
if  it  marked  a  parade-ground.)     "  llli  de 


•  Wyntoun,  U.  p.  393. 

*  Fur  an  interesting  secoont  of  the  EarU  of 
Ment«lth,  m«  Mr.  Craik's  *'  Bomanoeof  the  Peer* 
age,"  rol.  iiL 


CALBEGE,  Ac 

rilli  per  intrusionem  et  usurpationem  ae 
intromiserunt»  sicut  in  le  BoHom-Mowe 
praante^  feoerunt.  Qme  qnidem  Bottom-' 
rowe,  cam  aliia,  ante  combustionem  ecde- 
nsB  pertinebant  ad  ecdesiam  parodualem 
Sancti  Ethdberti  super  portas  monaateriL" 
(Ibid.)  Hattoninhis<'Newyiew,"170^ 
mentions  in  London  **  MoUen  row  between 
Oldstreet,  E.ly,  and  Goewell- street,  W.ly. 
Stow  says  this  was  so  called  from  the  rot- 
tenness of  the  bousei^  as  bdng  out  of  re- 
pair." (rol.  L  p.  7a) 

As  regards  the  Calbeg^  if,  as  I  sug- 
gested, it  means  the  "  big  cowl,"  it  may 

•  Three  of  the  Queen's  Maries  are  mentioDed  in 
a  Terse  of  the  ballad  of  **The  Lament  of  the 
Qoeena  Marie,'*  m  Sir  Walter  Scott's  *•  Minstzelsj 
of  tha  Scottiah  Border  :"— 
**  There  waa  Marie  Seeton,  and  Mary  Beatoon, 
And  Marie  Cannichael,  and  me." 

The  fourth,  *<  me,"  was  Mary  liringstone. 


1861.] 


Jeu  (P esprit  of  Sir  Walter  Scott. 


807 


r  to  the  rotatofj  chimney-top,  which 
WM  in  uie  in  the  sixteenth  centory,  and 
ie  mentioDed  hy  Sir  John  Harrington  in 
hit "  Metamorphoeet  of  Ai^z,"  written  at 
the  eloae  of  that  period.  (Britton*s  Arch. 
Diet,  p.  101.)  The  "  Heaven  Chamher" 
in  the  ahhofs  house  at  Peterborough  is 
another  instance  of  a  peculiar  name  given 
to  an  ancient  room. 

The  Knights'  Chamber  in  the  same 
lodghigs  derived  its  name  from  the  repre- 
•entation  of  the  knights  who  held  fees; 
and  the  gate  went  by  the  designation  Bulc- 
hithe.  A  "chain  gate"  still  remains  at 
WeQa.  There  is  also  mention  in  1298  of 
"qnadam  turris  qam  vocatur  La  Camba 
de  BerbegaL"  (Britton,  Arch.  Diet.,  p.  53.) 
It  is  angular  that  Thomas  of  Elmham, 
who  was  a  ootemporary  of  Henry  IV., 
and  relates  the  story  of  the  king's  death, 
mentions  the  chamber  in  which  he  ex- 


pired under  a  different  name  to  that  com- 
monly received : — 

**;Fiota  prophetiiB  somiit  quam  rivw  habebat. 
Quod  tlbi  Sancta  Mi  Terra  laoranda  eruce. 
Improriaa  sibi  Saora  Terra  datur,  neflcius  hospea 
In  BxTHLSK  oAicKKA  Westque  Monaaterio. 
Wri^hVt  PolU,  Songs,  vol.  tt.  p.  122. 

There  was  a  monastery  called  Bethle- 
hem in  France. 

Litlington's  Tower  appears  to  have  been 
used  as  a  belfry  so  late  as  1708,  for  in 
Hatton's  "  New  View"  mention  is  made  of 
''a  tmall  tower  in  which  are  six  bells  to 
ring  in  peal." 

The  Calleis  is,  I  understand,  a  local 
name  fbr  a  Bede-house  at  Stamford,  Oak- 
ham, and  other  places,  the  hospital  having 
probably  been  built  for  decayed  wool- 
staplers  of  Calids,  who  certainly  were 
found  In  those  towns. — I  am,  &c. 

MAOKSirais  £.  C.  Waloott,  M.A. 


JEU  lyESPRIT  OF  SIB  WALTER  SCOTT. 


If  B.  XJBBAir, — Let  me  call  your  atten- 
tion to  A  jeu  d^etprit  of  Sir  Walter  Scott, 
who  in  a  letter  to  his  son,  Lieut.  Walter 
Scott,  I5th  Light  Dragoons,  (Hussars,) 
dated  "  Abbotsford,  4th  April,  1825,"  thus 
writes:— 

"Touching  Colonel  T^wachwell,  of 
whom  I  know  nothing  but  the  name, 
which  would  bespeak  him  a  strict  disci- 
plinazian,  I  suppose  you  are  now  arrived 
at  that  time  of  life  you  can  take  your 
ground  from  your  observation,  without 
being  influenced  by  the  sort  of  cabal  which 
often  exists  in  our  army,  especially  in  the 
corps  where  the  officers  are  men  of  for- 
tune or  expectations,  against  a  command- 
ing officer." 

Mr.  Lockhart,  the  editor,  has  appended 
ft  note  to  the  following  effect : — 


"  Sir  Walter  had  misread,  or  chose  to 
miBwrite,  the  name  of  his  son's  new  eom- 
mandant^  Lieutenant-Colonel  ThackwelL" 

I  think  Mr.  Lockhart  hardly  perceived 
the  point  of  the  joke,  though  scarcely  any 
extract  from  Sir  Walter  Scott's  writings 
could  better  illustrate  the  dry  humour 
which  pervaded  the  great  poet's  character 
than  this  pun  upon  the  name  of  Lieut.- 
Col.  Thackwell,  (afterwards  Lieut.-Gen. 
Sir  Joseph  Thackwell,  G.C.B.,  Colonel  of 
the  16th  Lancers,)  for  I  can  hardly  doubt 
that,  with  his  knowledge  of  all  things  ar- 
morial, he  was  aware  that  the  gallant  offi- 
cer's motto  was  "  Frappe  Fort." 

Tours,  &C.9  £• 

Aug.  6, 1861. 


308  [Sept. 


[^Und^  thit  title  are  collected  brief  notes  of  matters  of  cmrreni  amtiqmariam  imiermi 
vkiek  do  not  appear  to  demand  mare  formal  treatment.  Syltakts  Ukbajt  mcUm 
the  kind  co-operation  of  his  Friends,  who  maff  thms  preserve  a  record  ofwmmjf  ikiujt 
that  woutd  otherwise  pass  away.'\ 

Sale  of  the  Tesisok  MSS. — In  continaatioa  of  the  sale  of  the  Teniaon  Libnij, 
already  recorded  %  97  lots  of  manuscripts  were  disposed  of  by  Messrs.  Sothefaj  and 
Wilkinson  on  July  1.  The  following  were  perhaps  the  most  interesting  artidea : — 

Lot  11.  Bacon  (Francis),  afterwards  Lord  Yenilam  and  Viscount  St.  Albaa\ 
Lord  Chancellor  of  England.  The  Original  Note>book,  entitled  "Comentarioa 
Solutus  sive  Pandecta,  sire  Ancilla  Memoris.  Habet  libroa  duos,  1.  Coiuentaiinm 
transportatomm  ex  Oomentario  Tetere ;  2.  Commentarium  novum  et  correntan. 
Lib.  1.  siTc  comentarium  transportatomm  consistet  ex  diario  et  schedulea.* 
Entirely  in  the  autograph  of  this  great  man.  Vellnm  wrapper,  4to.  Tbia  veiy 
interesting  unpublished  MS.  contains  entries  from  July  25,  1608,  to  October  28, 
1609,  of  public  and  private  matters,  particulars  relating  to  his  estates,  the  state  of 
his  health,  with  his  own  medical  treatment,  notices  of  eminent  persons  of  the 
period,  the  conduct  to  be  observed  towards  the  King,  &c. — 69/. 

Lot  12.  The  Holy  Bible,  translated  by  John  Wickliffe.— A  MS.  of  the  fourteenth 
oentuiT,  upon  vellum,  the  commencement  of  each  book  richly  illuminated  in  gold 
and  colours,  bound  in  russia,  with  joints,  in  a  case,  small  folio.  This  interesting 
MS.  contains  the  following  books  of  the  Old  Testament : — \  Samuel,  commencing 
with  the  6th  verse  of  chap.  xxviiL,  2  Samuel,  1  and  2  Kings,  2  Chronides 
(the  21st  and  22nd  chapters  omitted,  but  with  an  additional  chapter,  37) ;  Pro- 
verbs, ending  with  the  3rd  verse  of  chap.  xix. ;  Eodesiastes,  oomrodcing  with 
the  7th  verse  of  chap  ii.,  and  ending  with  the  2nd  verse  of  chap.  xiL ;  8olomon*s 
Song,  commoicing  with  the  6th  verse  of  chap,  iv.,  and  ending  with  the  4th  verse 
of  chi^  viii. ;  Sapience,  or  Book  of  Wisdom,  commencing  with  the  9th  verse 
of  chap,  i.,  and  ending  with  the  13th  verse  of  chap.  xix. ;  and  EocleaiaBticaa» 
commencing  with  the  12th  verse  of  chap.  L,  and  ending  with  the  2nd  verae  of 
chap.  xvL — 150/.  (Lilly.) 

Lot  37.  Fortunalus.  Verrantii  Honorii  Clementiani  Fortunati,  Piesbyteris 
ludid,  Versarium  et  Prosaicc  Expoaitiones  Orationis  DominicsB  et  Symbol!; 
Libris  XI.  A  very  fine  MS.  of  the  tenth  or  deventh  century,  upon  veUum,  in 
excellent  preservation,  bound  in  morocco,  in  a  case,  folio — 7S/.    (fiioone.) 

Lot  42.  Higden  (Ranulph),  Monk  of  Chester.  Polychronicon,  tranalated  into 
English  by  John  De  Trevisa,  at  the  request  of  Thomas  Lord  of  Berkeley,  finished 
April  13, 13S7.  A  most  noble  and  highly  valuable  manuscript  of  the  fifteenth 
oentniT,  upon  vellum.  Bound  in  russia,  with  joints.  Urge  folia  The  work 
of  Higden  is  preceded  by  two  small  treatises,  the  first,  by  William  of  Occam, 
entitled  "  Dialogus  inter  Militem  et  Clcricum,"  a  dialogue  concerning  the  Power 
^Mritnal  and  Temporal,  translated  into  English;  the  second,  by  Richard  Fits- 
BLalph,  Archbishop  of  Armagh,  entitled  "Sermo  Domini  Archiepiscopi  Arma- 

•  ax5T.  Mao.,  Aug.  1861,  pp.  18S— 187. 


1861.]  The  Note-book  of  Sylvanus  Urban.  809 

duuii,*'  written  against  the  friars,  also  translated  into  English,  a  carious  piece, 
believed  to  be  unpnblished— 189/.  (Boone.) 

Lot  49.  James  I.  "  All  the  King's  short  Foesis  that  are  not  printed.*' — ^This 
title,  with  an  index  of  two  pages,  both  at  the  beginning  and  end  of  the  yolume, 
in  the  autograph  of  Charles  I.  while  Prince  of  Wales.  Yellum,  back  and  sides 
tooled  and  gilt,  with  the  motto  "Domine,  salvum  fac  Regem"  in  the  centre. 
A  charming  Tdume;  on  the  fly-leaf  is  the  following  note  by  Dr.Tenison: — 
''December  16,  '89.  The  Gift  of  Mr.  Wright  to  D.  Tenison,  for  his  library;  see 
King  James's  hand  in  pp.  32,  49,  55,  and  other  places "^68/.  5«.  (Boone.) 

Lot  60.  "Matthtti  Westmonasteriensis  Flores  Historiarum  ab  Anno  1058  ad 
Annum  1326.''  A  MS.  of  the  fourteenth  century,  upon  vellum,  written  in  double 
oolumns,  the  headings  of  the  chapters  in  red  ink,  wanting  the  first  leaf,  otherwise 
in  fine  preservation,  bound  in  calf,  folio.  This  MS.  contains  the  text  of  Matthew 
of  Westminster,  from  1058  to  1307,  and  the  continuation  by  Adam  Murimouth, 
from  1306  to  1326.  The  volume  formerly  belonged  to  Sir  James  Ware  and 
Dudley  Loftus,  and  was  afterwards  in  the  Clarendon  collection;  the  other 
(Harendon  MS.  with  which  it  has  been  collated  is  now  in  the  library  of  Lambeth 
Palace— 63/.  (Boone.) 

Lot  65.  *'Missale  secundum  Usum  Ecclesin  Sarum."  A  very  fine  MS.  of  the 
fifteenth  century,  upon  vellum,  written  in  double  columns,  with  musical  notes,  the 
headings  of  the  various  chapters,  &c.,  in  red  ink,  the  capital  letters  illuminated  in 
gold  and  blue  alternately ;  a  few  pages  ornamented  with  borders  in  gold  and  colours ; 
in  excellent  preservation,  bound  in  morocco,  with  joints,  folio — 70/.  (Boone.) 

Lot  74.  "Prudentii  Poetce  Liber  de  Pugna  Vitiorum  et  Virtutum  (Heroico 
Carmine)  cum  Glossis."  A  MS.  of  the  ninth  or  tenth  century,  upon  vellum, 
written  in  long  lines,  with  interlineary  and  marginal  readings,  and  illustrated  with 
80  extremely  curious  and  highly  spirited  drawings  in  outline,  very  minute  and 
expressive,  in  the  finest  preservation,  bound  in  russia,  with  joints ;  the  original  hook 
preserved  by  which  it  has  formerly  been  chained  to  a  wall.  In  a  case,  folio.  This 
volume  is  particularly  valuable,  not  only  on  account  of  its  antiquity,  but  also  for 
the  illustrations  it  affords  of  early  costume.  No  printed  edition  of  this  poem  by 
Prudentius,  with  woodcuts  or  engravings,  is  known  to  exist.  Bound  up  with  it 
is  another  very  valuable  MS.  of  the  eleventh  or  twelfth  century,  upon  vellum, 
written  in  double  columns,  consisting  of  "Hildeberti  Cenomannensis  Episcopi 
Versus  Aliquot,"  &c. ;  "  Marbodi  Liber  de  Lapidibus  metric^,  Versus  de  S.  Lau- 
rentio  Martyre,"  &c. — 260  guineas.  (Boone.) 

Lot  75.  "Psalterium  cum  Precibus."  A  most  beautiful  MS.  of  the  thirteenth 
century,  upon  vellum,  executed  by  an  English  artist,  with  many  thousand  capital 
letters  illuminated  in  the  richest  gold  and  colours,  with  a  few  extremely  curious 
borders  of  beasts,  birds,  grotesque  figures,  representations  of  a  monkey  playing  on 
the  bagpipes,  with  other  musical  instruments,  a  knight  in  chain-armour  fighting 
with  a  griffin,  hunting,  hawking,  &c.,  also  illustrative  of  early  English  costume, 
&c.,  with  the  arms  of  the  royal  personage  for  whom  it  was  finished  on  the  first 
page  of  the  psalter.  Li  fine  preservation,  bound  in  morocco,  with  joints,  4to.  At 
the  commencement  of  this  beautiful  volume  are  12  figures  of  saints,  male  and 
female,  some  with  their  names,  on  three  pages,  consisting  of  18  illuminations  in 
compartments  of  various  events  in  the  life  of  Christ ;  after  which  is  the  calendar, 
in  which  are  ^recorded  in  later  hands  the  deaths  of  various  illustrious  and  royal 
personages — 200/.  (Boone.) 
The  sale  attracted  a  very  large  audience^  and  the  97  lots  realised  1,465/. 


310 


KHTOHICAL  A3FD  XISCELLLJEDXI^S  aKVLHWSL 

T^Jim^M  iiiiii "    BfJnkaFiawB, 

BnTuttr-at-lMr.  t&Unbn^:  Bbek- 
woodiLt — jjt  is  prnverfauiilj  mare  dasf  cd 
derehre  dbtan  to  '^**'**'»  "i*  Tww>««i«*  wmj 
tfae  aun  wbo  tadgwnmru  taa  dww  dnifc 
a  bnlliaot  and  popniir  writier  **  i*  not  m 
bfttriMCed  otfaartDiMrntfeiSwSiaeenzateir, 
to  iCBta  dridfOMs  tzniy,  iir  gd  jnoid  tiw 

hM  a  tMk 
bcfhre  fann 


be  Idle  lupt  wba/t  he  1 
in  oMMtenfie limiok.    Pnmc 
tile  pnhKc  iBBT  «t*eir  Tod^eaf  ail  tl»  i 
and  if  <rrnpninee  ikir 
an^BBHBt  a£  Acte  and. 
itjle,  and  an  baneer  Imne  'i£  tnidii»  < 
a.  man  is  sBGHtdon*  die  andior  of' 


of  biatoiy  with  jnpaftiality,'*  ITew  Bxamen^  wHI  qndnabtoJy  iBMipeifc. 

:  both  labonone  and  tiianlriine         3Cr.  Pagec's  boak  m  **an  Iiiuiry  InfiB 

aa  acqiiicaemce  in  tbe  diridenee  iciatin^  to  cBstuin.  i 

a  omAmion  of^  emr  in  m   Lord   liiaraniey'a  HTatiiji'j  ( 


1  the  part  of  the  pnblic;  and 
laboriooa,  aa  tfae  matter  mnac  be  ;|nne  into 
ni  tfae  moat  mumte  deceiL  ThiebMCooB-' 
iidenCiaii  baa  deterred  na  finon  aetin^  <m 
<mr  ilret  impniae  m  €ncfa  muLomwe  foinme 
or  Lord  Xaoaiaf'a  *«  ffiacory  of  Bngianif' 
appeared,  and  entering- (m  a  critical  nsriew 
of  the  ennrk.  We  sw  at  'ince  tfaac  is  wae 
e  drfstemetie  miarepmentecioa  of  the 
events  chat  it  adbeted  za  deaerihe,  and 
diat  the  writer  well  deatrwed  the  <*haractgr 
given  h J  Dryden  to  a  jbailow  ceiefarity  oi 
hiadey, — 

^  Piauiiie  jnd  p"^*"tr  wnr  'sis  mnmi  itkoatm, 
AxMt  Hath,  za  4hrw  aua  ;ad«niaix.  in  -mrrnf  : 

That  tfwety  aae  tvitli  ma  wwm  Goi,  (w  drrfL** 

We  9fcw  diet  be  bad  a  verj  mnvenxent 
*  mle  of  thomh'*  by  wbich  be  apportioned 
pRuae  or  blame,  and  that  ae  nothiny  more 
thun  a  general  adherence  to  the  fbrtonea 
of  WiUuun  of  (>ani^  waa  nqmred  Go  earn 
the  oiMi,  «>  cJie  fbireat  ▼irtnea,  die  mort 
bi^mic  bravery,  the  brii^bteec  taiente  were 
4f  tm  Avail  to  ieve  their  paeaeaaora  from 
bein<^  h4»ld  ap  to  pohlic  eseeratkia  if  diey 
w«*re  ill  any  manner  oppoaed  to  bim*  Thie 
gKneni  UMie  ia  evident  enon^  to  any  one 
whi)  reada  ^he  work,  but  at  tfae  jame  time 
it  moat  he  allowed  that  the  paendo-hia- 
ti)r.an  wv  a  maater  of  bia  craft,  and  that 
uiieaa  hia  web  of  nphiatnea  and  ealnmniea 
ia  nsLnfiiHy  anraveLed,  grievona  injury  will 
be  done  to  the  <*anae  of  biatorxc  tradL 
We  are  giail  ti)  iee  that  Mr.  P^iget  baa 
applied  hxmaeif  to  die  taafe,  and  aa  ha  bv 


(1.)  the  Dnke  of 
Xaaaeoeof  GHeneae.  *X)  tfae 
Seodand.  (-k) 

wuiiaan  Pttm.**    ffi» mode  of 
ia  tn  tnke^not 


die  csak  of  ban^  teduee  to 
zeBdcr%  to  print  tfae  whuie  of  Leedl 
■nUy'i  •tfarwiiient  on  a  given  mnitK; 
tfaento  cheek  it  by  tfae  very  antiMiBtii 
bee  prrninfit,  wbam.  tfae  leanit  in 
inrTwiiT*  ia^  rf*»g  die  H"hl*y  writair  in  oan<^ 
victed  of  ihlaif^^in^  evidence  to  a  daKree 
tfaat  it  wonid  be  bard  to  be&evew  were  not 
bia  own  wnrda  andthoae  tbat  be  adketstti 
qnotB  or  tn  cely  an  pfiMad  aide  by  sdio. 
We  eertainly  never  aur  a  more  damgin^ 
expoanre,  and  it  ta  nuithiuy 
^hat  ^w^***"  of  ct  aQpaaced  m  * 
Waywine^  dermfp  die  filatmi  ef 
SCaeanlny,  bat  he  never  attmnpiad  te  vm 
any  reply.  The  dmcgee  are  so  <fir«d^  i 
nr^ged  m 

that  no  wBter  who  vefamd  his  < 
tat  either  eeenracy  of  fiKt  or 

iwered  if  he  had  «y  real  auawer  to  gteew 
whence  we  are  driven  to  the  ccBaehiaion  tihnk 
the  great  Whig*  biHrnrren,  to  empkiy  Ae 
wocda  of  Johnaon,  **Iied^  and  kmnr  fan 
Eed.*  For  deCailB  we  nnat  r^^  to  Mt:» 
ftgef  §  work,  particixlariy  pp.  35  to  Sl^ 
in  relation  to  die  <Anrge  of  "xnnnfaor'* 
If M»ff>iirt«i^l^  J  whflat  another 
pp.  lift  to  198^  wy  aiiver^ 


1861.] 


The  New  "Examen.' 


311 


goeiwa  Lord  MftcauUy  cc^nstnicted  Ms 
csricatore  of  the  Highlanda  And  Higli- 
lunders.  We  quote  a  single  paienge  Jrotn 
this,  aod  then  lea  to  the  book  in  the  hands 
of  our  rcaden,  with  the  assoranoa  that 
vverj  page  will  be  found  well  worth 
pemsal ; — 

"If  Lord  Macanky*s  New  Zeakndor 
should  take  to  writing  hiitory  after  the 
fashion  of  his  great  progenitor,  be  maj 
pe^rhaps  paint  the  Welsh  in  colo^ir*  similar 
to  and  upon  authorities  a^  truetwortliy  as 
tho«e  Lord  MacauUj  has  used  and  rcK^^'d 
upon  in  his  picture  of  the  Scotch.  If  he 
should,  his  deBcription  will  bo  Bomethltig 
of  the  following  kind  : — 

"  '  In  the  diiys  of  Qaeen  Vicfcoria,  the 
inhabitant  of  the  Prineli»ality  was  a  »af  age 
and  a  thief.  He  subgisted  by  plunder. 
The  plough  was  unknown.  Me  snatched 
fn>m  his  more  industrious  neighbour  his 
flocks  and  his  herdn.  \^'hen  the  flesh  he 
thns  obtaioed  wa9  exhausted,  be  gnawed 
the  bones  like  a  dog,  until  liiinger  com- 
pelled him  again  to  visit  the  homesteads 
and  Jardert  of  England.  With  all  the 
Tiees,  be  had  few  or  none  of  the  virtu ea  of 
he  savage.  He  was  imgrdteful  and  in- 
pitAble.  That  this  wits  his  cbnrncter 
\  proved  by  verses  which  still  re-echo  iu 
he  nurseries  of  Belnrave  Square  and  along 
the  nuLrches  of  Wales : — 

<  Tiffjr  was  a  Welshman, 

TafTf  was  a  thJef ; 
Taffy  came  to  my  bouse, 

Stole  a  piece  of  boef. 
I  went  to  TiUry*B  bouse, 

Tofly  wiu  Trom  home ; 
TaHty  cjunc  to  my  boae«, 

Stole  A  marrow-botte*'  '* 

'^This  is  every  bit  as  authentic  as  Ijord 
Mamnlay's  desmption  of  the  Highlanders. 
Sncb  history  may  be  supplied  in  any  quan- 
tity and  at  the  shortest  notice.  All  that 
is  necessary  is  a  volume  of  ootemporary 
lamp^ionR,  a  bundle  of  political  songs,  or  a 
memory  in  which  such  things  are  stored, 
and  which  may  save  the  trouble  of  refer- 
ence. The  eenius  it  requires  is  a  genius 
for  being  i»)nsive.  The  banks  of  the 
Thames  and  the  Cam  fumi§li  ahnndiince 
of  professors^  male  and  female,  of  the  art 
of  vituperation;  hut  as  Lord  Macaolay, 
fh>m  his  frequent  repetition  of  the  same 
terms  of  ahn»e,  seems  to  have  exbanated 
bia  *  derangement  of  epitaphs,'  we  would 
recommend  him  to  torn  to  Viner*s  Abridg. 
mcnt^  title  Action  for  Wordjt,  where  he 
will  And  one  hundred  and  thirty  folio 
pages  of  acoldiiif,  iVom  which  he  may 
select  any  phraae  U»t  aniti  his  purpose^ 


with  the  advantage  of  knowing  also  the 
nice  distinctions  hy  which  the  law  has  de- 
cided what  words  arc  and  what  are  not 
actionahle,  which  may  be  used  with  im- 
pauity  against  the  living,  and  which  mast 
be  reserved  for  the  *iafe  slander  of  the 
dead."— (pp.  191—193.) 


Lives  of  the  Bachelor  Kii^»  of  JSnff" 
land.  By  AoNBd  Stbiokland.  (Simp- 
kin,  Marshall,  and  Co.)— Wo  presume  that 
this  volume  completes  aU  that  MisB  Strick- 
liuid  can  find  to  say  abont  English  and 
Scottish  royalty,  and  in  this  hope  we  com- 
mend it  to  the  admirers  of  her  former 
productions*  They  will  find  in  it  the 
"strange  eventful  histories"  of  WiUliini 
Ruftis,  Edward  V.,  and  Edward  VI.,  told 
with  the  same  novelty  as  to  facts  as  marked 
those  invaluahlevo1ume»,  the  same  minute 
accuracy  as  to  dates,  and  tlie  same  pure 
style,  free  from  magniloquence  on  the  one 
hand,  and  from  colloquial  vulgarisms  on 
the  other*  They  will  Bt*e  that  "the  reign 
of  William  Rufua  w^b  the  commencement 
of  OUT  national  greatness,"  that  Edward 
VI.  vras  carried  off  to  Windsor  by  bis 
mnde  Somerset  in  October,  1559,  (p.  312,) 
tome  leven  years  after  his  death,  and  that 
Hastings  "  itctually  ouderwent  a  Eharp 
dose  of  imprisonment  m  the  Tower,'*  (p. 
137)  J  perhaps  they  may  wish  to  know*  in 
oouneiion  with  the  fate  of  the  same  indi- 
vidual, where  "the  green,  before  the 
church  at  the  Tower  of  St,  Peter's,"  (p. 
151,)  is  to  be  found,  and  we  regret  that 
we  cannot  enlighten  them.  Neither  can 
we  tell  them  anything  about  a  monastery 
called  "  Luz»"  (p.  90.)  or  a  writer  named 
•'Spud,*'  (p,  92,)  unless  indeed  "Scez" 
and  "  Speed"  should  be  intended* 


Peter  (he  Apottfe  never  tU  Mom^,  ^hewn 
to  be  a»  historical  Fact :  with  a  IHeser- 
t  at  ion  (f  the  Apostolical  Authority  of  the 
^mbol  {or  Creed)  of  the  Church,  By  J. 
H.  Bsowir,  MA,  Rector  of  Middleton- 
in-Tecsdale.  (Oi ford  and  London:  X  H. 
and  J.  Parker.)^ — Mr.  Brown  thoroughly 
•xamines  the  account  of  Ensebius  as  to 
St.  Peter's  being  at  Rome,  compares  his 
statements  with  those  of  his  authorities 
ftndj  to  his  own  satisfaction  at  least,  provei 


813 


Miscellaneaus  Reviews. 


[Sept. 


him  to  have  been  quite  in  error  in  his  re- 
presentation of  them.  Comparatively  mo- 
dem writers  fare  equally  ill,  and  Bishop 
Pearson  is  convicted  of  mistake,  and  of 
following  a  faulty  text  of  Ireneus;  and 
Dr.  Jjardner  is  a  wholesale  misinterpreter. 
Bishop  Bull  says  in  his  "Vindication  of 
the  Church  of  England,"  that  "if  Peter 
did  not  come  to  Rome  in  the  reign  of 
Claudius,  he  certainly  never  did,"  and  this 
is  pressed  into  Mr.  Brown's  service  as  a 
positive  assertion  that  he  never  was  there 
at  all,  an  assumption  which  is  rather  an 
indiflferent  foundation  for  "  historical  fact." 
The  Dissertation  on  the  Apostolic  Autho- 
rity of  the  Creed  leads  to  the  conclusion 
that  "the  Nicene  Creed  is  the  symbol 
which  is  the  bond  of  union  to  the  whole 
Catholic  Church" — a  statement  for  which 
the  respectable  authority  of  Bishop  Bull 
is  far  more  certainly  to  be  adduced  than 
for  the  other  position  which  he  is  made  to 
answer  for  in  this  little  volume. 


The  Fenu  of  Derhyghire,  illustrated 
from  Nature,  Edited  by  W.  E.  HowB, 
with  a  Preface  by  the  Ret.  Gsrasd 
Smith,  B.A.,  of  Osmaston,  Ashbourne. 
(London:  Wertheim  and  Co.  Derby: 
Bemrose  and  Sons.) — Whether  the  Peak 
country  is  really  more  favoured  in  the 
variety  and  beauty  of  its  ferns  than  other 
picturesque  regions  of  hill  and  dale,  is 
a  question  on  which  opinions  may  allow- 
ably differ,  but  there  can  be  none  as  to 
the  zeal  and  ability  which  Messrs.  Howe 
and  Smith  have  brought  to  bear  on  their 
subject.  All  the  species  recently  observed 
in  Derbyshire  (twenty-two  in  number) 
are  elegantly  and  accurately  figured,  and 
the  descriptions  are  very  models  of  pre- 
dsion.  Mr.  Smith  furnishes  some  prelimi- 
nary "Thoughts  and  Memoranda  upon 
Ferns,"  from  which  we  extract  the  follow- 
ing pleasing  passage.    It  speaks  primarily 


of  ferns,  but  it  is  also  a  fkir  representation 
of  the  train  of  thought  that  inevitably 
comes  over  the  "  gentle  lover  of  nature," 
when  he  sees  the  ravages  of  "improved 
husbandry"  on  the  one  hand,  and  the 
steady  march  of  bricks  and  mortar  on  the 
other : — 

"  The  inroads  of  improvement  in  agri- 
culture, the  indosure  of  wilds,  and  the 
opening  of  all  accessible  places  to  the  feet 
and  greedy  bite  of  the  ox  and  sheep,  have 
exterminated  many  a  native  plant,  and 
have  limited  the  number  of  our  rarities. 
The  lover  of  insects,  birds,  and  ferns,  and 
the  lover  of  landscape  also,  must  cast 
many  a  fond  regret  over  scenes  once 
reckoned  rife  with  treasures  of  natural 
history ;  but  now  modernized  into  arable 
or  grazing  land,  and  made  tributary  to 
the  market  and  rent-day.  There  are  an- 
tiquities of  nature's  wildness  scarcely  less 
deserving  protection  and  preservation  than 
the  antiquities  of  masonry  in  ruin ;  and  if 
the  country  scenes  of  our  land  become  des- 
titute of  all  that  is  rustic,  picturesque^ 
and  worthy  of  scientific  research — if  every 
hedgerow  that  ventures  to  luxuriate  in  a 
rose  or  honeysuckle  must  be  trimmed  or 
levelled— if  every  marshy  nook,  rank  with 
reed  and  sedge,  and  witn  their  shelly  and 
insect  peoples,  must  be  submitted  to  drain- 
age, must  be  cleared,  and  be  made  to  pay 
— then  will  the  tendency  of  our  popula- 
tion, now  already  too  strong,  to  gather 
into  towns,  and  to  abandon  the  open  parts 
of  the  country,  include,  in  self-defence^ 
even  those  who  love  the  country  best; 
and  nature  must  be  studied  in  books,  and 
museums,  or  in  foreign  lands;  and  our 
British  floras  and  faunas  will  become 
historical  records  of  what  England  once 
was,  before  this  utilitarian  age  began." 

A  man  who  writes  thus,  must  have  a 
real  interest  in  his  subject,  and  accordingly 
it  is  without  surprise  that  we  see  a  noti- 
fication at  the  end  of  the  book  requesting 
"  any  new  or  doubtful  species  of  ferns  met 
with  in  Derbyshire,"  to  be  sent  for  ex- 
amination and  identification  either  to  Mr. 
Smith,  at  Osmaston,  or  to  his  fellow-la- 
bourer, Mr.  Howe,  at  Matlock  Bath. 


11 


813 


ArPOn^TMENTS,  PBEFEEMET^TS,  AND  PROMOTIONS. 


The  datet  are  thoM  of  the  QaztiU  in  which  ih*  AppoiiUment  or  Return  appeared. 


Cim,  Naval,  ajtd  HiUTAmT. 

July  30.  The  Right  Hon.  John  RuiweH  (com- 
monlj  CAlled  Lord  John  Rmwell),  ftod  tlic  heir* 
ULftle  of  hia  bodf  1ft  w  full  t  bej^otien,  to  have  thu 
lUgtLity  q(  im  Earl  of  the  United  Kinf^orn  of 
Grvat  Britain  and  Ireland,  b]r  the  nnmeA^i  ftyles, 
mud  lillem  of  Viscount  Ainbcrlcy,  of  Amberlcf, 
eo.  GlouceAtif,  and  of  ArdNallci,  co.  Mcath,  mid 
EArV  Hu^aell,  of  Kingston- HaiwU,  eo.  Dorset. 

IJenrj'  Peril] g  IVilew  Creiiae,  ewi.,  to  be  At- 
torney-Geaeml  for  the  colony  of  British  Co- 
lumbia. 

Richard  Roger*,  e»q.,  now  BriUiih  Vice-CammJ 
Bt  BttiacKnb.  to  be  H.M.*a  Vioe-Couita  bI  the 
■unr  plnce. 

Mr.  Mathi&A  LcfTj  apftroved  of  ««  CbOBiil  at 
Beli/i'  for  H.M,  the  King  of  Drnmark, 

A»jf.  3.  Mr.  James  Logan  Dnnollr  approved 
of  n«  ronsal  at  Kurrocbce  for  II. M.  the  Kiii^  of 
Hanorcr. 

Mr.  Alenuider  Stewart  approved  of  an  Consul 
at  Kurrttchee  for  the  Frc«  Hanoealic  City  of 
Hamburg. 

Capttdn  Charles  DreMnRr  to  be  one  of  11. M. 'a 
Boo.  Corps  of  Qcatlemcn-at-Armf,  ptc<»  Dcani;, 

f««lgtUML 

IfiOor  Thomw  Jcnklnir,  late  of  the  Madras 
Army*  to  be  one  of  H-M.'i»  Hon.  Cctrpaof  Gen- 
tlemen-at-AnnA,  rite  H.  S.  Smith,  eeq,,  refd^ned. 

Antf.  6.  Vice-Admlnil  the  Right  Iltm.  Sir 
Maurice  Fred,  Fit/hiir<Unge  l}^rkcl^y»  O.C.B*, 
and  the  heirs  male  ^f  his  body  lawfully  begotten, 
to  bavp  tfie  dignity  of  a  Baron  of  the  United 
Kfngdom  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland,  by  the 
name,  ttyle,  and  title  of  BAron  Fitahordinge,  of 
the  dty  and  county  of  the  city  of  BrfHoI. 

John  David  Hay  Hill,  esq.,  now  B.U  '»  Con- 
atU  at  Maranbam,  to  be  H.M.^s  Consol  tn  the 
loIaBd  of  Reunion. 

Don  Joe^  Antonio  de  Lavatlc  approved  of  at 
Ylee'Conaui  at  Cardiff  for  H.M.  the  Queen  of 
Spain. 

jlw^r.  9.  Sir  George  Grey,  K.C.B.  (now  Ad- 
miniittrator  of  the  Government  of  the  Colony  of 
New  Zealand!,  to  be  Governor  and  Commander- 
lii*Chirf  in  and  over  the  Colony  of  New  Zaaland 
and  iti  nependencieA. 

Richard  O'Dwycr,  Kenneth  Mcl^o,  Jamct 
oon  Cllft,  Edward  WhilCi  and  Feber  Tet- 


•ier,  esqa.,  to  be  Members  of  the  Legi*Intire 
Council  of  the  Inland  of  Newfoundland. 

Henry  Johnton,  esq.,  to  be  a  Member  of  the 
Leglfllative  Council  of  the  IMand  of  Trinidjid. 

John  Meheux,  esq.,  to  lje  Sheriff  for  the 
Colony  of  Sierra  Leone. 

X*»j?.  IS.  The  honour  of  KnlirhthocKl  conferred 
on  Roucdell  Fntmer,  esqn,  n.M/&  Ek>licitor-Oen. 

The  Right  Hon.  Lord  Stanley,  M.P.,  to  be 
a  Trustee  of  the  National  Torirait  Gallery. 

AwjT-  33.  Uenry  Stanhope  Freeman,  esq.,  now 
British  Vlce*C<in>iiil  at  Janina,  to  be  H.M,*a 
CoRHul  at  Lagos. 

Mr.  Katricli  J.  Devinc  approved  of  Oit  Consul 
at  Cork  for  the  ITnited  Htatei  of  America. 

Mr.  Henry  W.  Lord  approved  of  aa  Conanl  at 
Manebeater,  and  Mn  John  £.  Newport  aa  OodbuI 
at  Tark'a  laland,  for  the  United  Stataa  of 
America. 

MaUBBaa  RrrvaKXD  to  nitRvie  tit  PAnuAiia?rT. 

July  30,  Borough  o/  A ^rfar^r.—  Henry  Beau- 
mont ColcA,  enq.,  of  Middleton-houiie,  Long- 
pa  ri«b,  eo.  Suutbamplon,  in  the  room  of  William 
Cubkt,  e«q.  (now  l^wd  Mayor  of  the  city  of 
London],  wbo  boa  accepted  the  otRce  of  Steward 
or  Bailiff  of  H.M^'a  Manor  of  HempbolmGt  eo. 
York. 

Aug,  I.  iJ<irt>t/(7Ae/Jfi>rjiWA.— TheRi|?htHon. 
Sir  Gcorgt?  Grey,  bart.,  O.C.B.,  of  Failoden,  oo. 
Northumberland,  one  of  H.M.'i*  Principal  Secre- 
taries of  Stale. 

B»rouffh  of  Thwicor/A.— The  Right  Hon.  Sir 
Robert  PcHpl,  bart.,  of  l)raytOR*roanor,  in  tho 
parish  of  Drayton  BaBK^ett,  eo.  Stafford,  Chief 
Secretary  to  the  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Irelnnd. 

Au§.  2.  Oitif  0/  Orforii.—Thv  Kigbt  Hon. 
Edward  CardwoU,  Cbaneellor  of  the  Duchy  of 
Lancaster. 

Citff  of  lAmdcn.—Wettem  Wood»  eaq..  eitiaen 
and  fishmonger  of  London,  in  the  room  of  the 
Right  Hon.  John  Rusoell  {commonly  called  Lord 
John  Ruseell),  who  hna  accepted  the  office  of 
Steward  or  BtdliffofH.M.'s Manor  of  Northstead, 
CO.  York. 

Aug.  0^  Cbimfy  of  Sttktrk.  —  Henry  John 
Montagu  Douglas  6cott  (commonly  called  Lord 
Henry  Scott i,  in  the  room  of  Allan  Eliolt  Lock- 
bort,  esq.,  who  has  acet-pled  ttie  office  of  Steward 
or  Bailiff  of  H.M.'a  Chiltcm  Qundreda, 


T.  Majj.  Vot..  rcxL 


aq 


314 


Siilir  aUfff,  Wk  Banc,  a«M. 

Cj|IC  'v;  flL  ffMOV  A>A^  a  laa. 
At  i1>w^tilii  IbUufltK.  ScBC  rlw  tplfe  iT  dw 

V^ily  2S.  Ac  4MlHr7  Bcaarr.  Dwiifiium, 
tlwvtliBirttearr.  Fnuotck  AnMi,  A  «w. 

At  «.  1lar?'«r  awwylw,  die  «i£b  'tf  dM  ^mr, 
AifmA  SavTifff,  »  mb. 

At  PnvKt  Pini— ^B,  SoOB,  dw  -vtib  of  dw 

B«r.  C  ^mmmmr  9mrtimr^  »  wu  dw  vdls  ifdie  B«r.  W«i 

At  Tacvtev.  dw»  «t£i(  if  Cape  Vtaarj  Thm^  At  aarviBa,  diB  mJk  o^  LkeB&  X.  WanU  ILlc, 

%c  ».i*>iitt'i  awMi<,  dw  «i&  iT  dH  Bcr.  Uv.  AMf^  2.    AC 

MiTTtnuo,  » 'tflo.  CavK.  die  SioB.  L. . 

./liy  ^    .u  .4bln(*«  JioH,  Chnldm,  dw  Boil  ac  BcsiIuaI  Vxaoaips.  ^taftuk^  di>  vifB  (i<  :te 

Vm.  OiAtaMoidftef,  »  isa.  Brr.  TTiii  ■—  X.  BsiaatoB.  x  -mb. 

Th«  Mik  if  die  a«v.  Omit  OlKlBi  BSflndca^  Ac  MiMtiiaj  <imi,  ftxapMum.  3b&.  XmiBL A»> 

Iiunmtwntof  MUflMBtaivaMrlaalMry,  »MB.  «taB,a«B. 

Co  La«iutiai.4C^  dis  tplfe  or  a.  LiBriMf  A»>  At  AniteT g—o»»»  JMr  T biiii  ■■ .  di»^ifcrf 

•xr^mim.  •Ml,,  .1  <taa.  dM  B«t.  Hnhwrc  Xardn,  a  dan. 

AC  di*  jf^nwr-JMB— ,  %ntiiB,  Dcvqb,  dw  vflk  Ib  Clie9Cer<fl^^  die  vdb  of  LioBC-CoL  &■-> 

if  1am  tUfr  ViUiam  aarrtii,  »  «h.  doBmid.  atod  Hfghiwiiuw  a  «■. 

y<siiy  17.     At  ^Uonpa,  mi.  DnbUar  dw  tmfe  oT  In.  CheatBr-fL,  CHioar^f^^  tba  -mib  of  Oqjt. 

CnL  tUwvtt  -4Klh7  'taydu  a  dao.  W,  B.  Prrw,  Ai4axnic  BoTsL  wntaiazB  XUiliav 

At  Pint,  aidelkmi,  dw  vifli  if  Ca^K.  DBtnO*  a  <ian. 

R.5  .  t  «rm.  AC  BcdkomptoB.  anr  HaTant;  Hancs  dw  Willi 

At  Eard^  aeRtnry,  die  trUle  if  die  Brr.  Jnlnt  of  die  Banr.  Baenani  WTuta  Adcin^  a  mo. 

Tavtiir  PnmiiMr.  »  ion.  ^a#.  .1.   Ac  HaRwomi-daaMe,  Hammir  m^iiaia^ 

AC  OnrtMCoa.  <hilBiik,  die  wtft  if  Lienc-OiL      die  O riia  Harewood^  x  wn. 

Baditrley,  »  «m.  AC  Feiii-iiaiiae.  Bi»imp  Weuxnoadi*  dka  wiflB 

At  Daw.  tb»  wtfc  if  die  Brr.  W.  T.  SmgUajr  of  die  Ser.  («eas«a  niit  a  son. 

C4f  ilaB«T-4tsadiaRt,a<iaa.  In  Eaaifw m  lai  i  ^dia  wA  af  da  Bay.  Mm, 


1861.] 


Births, 


315 


Bunoftn,  Urctor  of  North  Stoke,  Sonierwt,  a 

MMl. 

Aug,  5.  At  Ciui/ortl,  tbc  LudjrLotilso  Foa«onby, 
ftcUu. 

In  MontAg^-Aq.,  the  Hoa,  Mrt.  Edgar  Drum- 
jDond,  u  dan. 

In  Eutun-pLi  Lovdotir  the  wift  of  the  Rev. 
P,  A.  L.  Wood,  Rector  of  Devixi^«,  WiltH,  ft  ion. 

At  her  fctKrr'a  rttiidence,  In  Kxeier*  the  wife 
of  the  R*i?.  Dr.  Thorn ton^  Ilead  Masier  of  Ep«oni 
Collogv^,  a  dan. 

Auy.  7,  At  BIjrth-hiiU.ColeAhill,  Warwickshire, 
the  wife  of  J,  D.  Win^ld  Biffby,  etq.,  a  dau. 

At  the  Rect<»7,  I>«^t  the  wife  of  the  Eer.  F. 
CoXf  a  dun. 

At  Fauilkbourne  Aeetorjr,  the  wife  of  the  Rer, 
Fred-  Sptu-rell,  II  dau. 

^««p.  8.  At  BedKcbury-pftrk,  Kent,  Lady  Mil- 
dred &«rp<irord  HupG,  prematurely,  a  tan. 

At  fio&Uagmte,  the  nife  of  Sir  John  Lawreni^e, 
•  I 

Wife  of  the  Bcv.  Dr.  BatpfNTn,  Muter  of 
John's  CoU(*^«  Cambridge*  a  son. 

At  Belfnit,  the  wife  of  Major  Ellis,  Hth  DepAt 
Battalion,  »  dnti. 

Attjf.  9.  At  PcnibR^ke,  South  Wale*,  the  widow 
or  Col,  »t.  John  Browne,  H.A.,  a  dan. 

At  01.  John's  P&n*onaKc,  Bary  St.  Edmund'f, 
the  wife  of  the  Her,  Robert  Hashdall,  «  dan. 

At  Croxton  Rectory,  Lincoliuhire^  th«  wife  of 
the  Re«r.  C-  W.  Cox»  a  ma. 

At  Hcfan*court.  Rugeley,  !^tajT»rd shire,  the 
wife  of  Joseph  Eobert  Whituxeafe,  a  dun. 
I  At  the  flmll,  Hat oring,  £«m»z.,  Mn.  Penberton 
Btfiiea,  ReoQ. 

In  Orosvenor-pl.,  the  wife  of  Junee  William 
Bttillie.  c*q.,  ft  dau, 

^1^.  10.  At  Cork,  the  wICb  of  Capt.  F.  C. 
Trent,  lAtb  Hogt,,  a  dan. 

Amg.  Ih  At  WiL'hiJor-park,  Staflbrdahlre,  the 
Bob.  Mrs.  Oeorgc  Lc^gc,  a  dau. 

At  York-town,  Saudhurtt,  the  wife  of  Robert 
C.  Stewart,  eeq.,  BreTpt-M«\Jor  35th  Begt.,  a  duu. 

At  the  Einia,  Mjiiden-lane,  Hifrhfate,  the  wife 
of  F.  R.  Piekcm^ll,  c«q.,  R.A.,  a  son. 

Aug.  13.  At  Cainib^Lnk,  near  Brechin,  N.B.. 
the  wife  of  C«>lonel  Uitle,  C.B.»  a  dan. 

In  Oxford-aq.,  itbe  rcaidence  of  her  tootheri 
L«d7  Orwit,!  the  wife  of  CUnton  Henahaw,  esq., 
Rifle  Brlgnde,  a  son  and  heir. 

Aug,  \i.  At  the  Priory,  Monlutown,  the  wife 
of  the  Hon.  Mr.  Justice  Christian,  a  son. 

Aujf.  U.  In  8outh>et.,  Vijeounteae  Harding, 
a  dau. 

In  Lownde»«t.,  the  wUb  of  Sir  Brydge*  Hcnni- 
ker,  a  dau. 

At  Dronnlnggaard,  near  Cktpenhagen,  Mrs. 
Auinutus  Pafet,  a  son. 

At  Brliewstown-lodKe,  eo.  Meath,  the  wife  of 
Col.  Perceval,  C.B.,  lit  Battalioa  12th  Heirt., 
a  ton. 

AHif.  U»  At  Toddlngtoii,  the  Boiu  Mrs. 
Fraderiek  Peel«  a  son. 


At  Brampton  Ash  Rectory,  Northamptonabire, 
the  lion,  Mr^.  Sidney  Smiib,  a  son. 

In  Chester-st,,  Gronvenot-pl.,  8.W.,  the  wife 
of  Ctipt.  Douglas  Gullon,  R.R.,  a  son. 

A*tff.  Iti,  In  €uriaon«»t.,  Mayfulr,  Lady  Jane 
Replon,  a  don. 

At  Pinchbeck,  Uncolnshire,  the  wife  of  iho 
Bev.  M.  J.  ConoHy,  a  dau. 

At  Edinburgh,  the  wife  of  Capt.  WilUara  A. 
FeUowes,  R.N.,  a  duu. 

At  the  ParBonaire,  East  Peckham,  K-nt,  Mm. 
Ayerst  Hooker,  a  dau. 

At  St.  Kfttharine'v,  RefrentVparfc,  the  wife  of 
the  Rev.  J*  H,  Glovi^r,  of  twin  «on». 

In  I>orset-flq,,  the  wife  of  R.  J.  P  Rrotighton, 
eeq.,  a  ion. 

Aitff.  17,  At  Wing  Hoarage,  Bucks,  the  wifb 
of  the  Rev.  P.  T.  Ouvry,  m  son. 

At  the  Reetory,  Bunchurch^  Isle  of  Wight,  the 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Edmund  Curr,  a  «on. 

At  Tyllwyd,  Cardigunshire,  I  he  wife  of  C^ipt. 
Janes-Parry,  I02nd  Royal  Madras  Fusiliers,  a 
ion. 

In  Pinsbury-circus,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Fred. 
6.  Dlomfield,  a  dau. 

A  tiff,  in.  At  Scarthingwell,  the  Hon.  Mrs. 
Ilenry  Maxwell,  a  nsh. 

At  Sopley,  Hants,  tbe  wife  of  Thomoi  CUrke, 
esq.,  Member  of  the  Board  of  Revenue  at  Madrai, 
a  dau. 

At  Eilan  Shona,  InvemcM-nhlre,  the  wife  of 
Commaiider  T.  A.  i^wtiibume,  R.N.,  a  ton. 

At  Great  Mario w,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  H.  J. 
Ellison,  Vicar  of  Wlndnor,  a  *on. 

Auff,  19.  At  Southnea^  the  wife  of  Capt.  O. 
WrifortJ.  H.M,  Artillery,  a  dau. 

At  Iiovcr.  tbe  wife  of  Capt.  Vavaiour,  IL-P., 
Royal  Kngineen,  a  dau, 

Aug.  20.    At  Rutland -gate,  Lady  Naat,  a  dan. 

At  the  Vicarajie,  Combe  8t.  Nicholow,  the  wife 
of  the  Rev.  Hans  F.  Han^ilion,  a  son. 

At  Mercer's  Farm,  Rowsham.  near  Aylesbury, 
the  wife  of  Edward  Munday  Mi^or  Lueas,  esq., 
a  son  and  heir. 

At  Dublin,  the  wife  of  Major  Stephen  H*  Smith 
Annciibrook,  a  dau, 

At  Biuerne,  Hampshire,  the  wife  of  Cipt. 
Ames  Oonrn.  l»lh  Regt,  [l»l  Baltn.),  a  son. 

At  the  Rectorj',  Winterboume  Baasett,  Wilti, 
the  wife  of  tbe  Rev.  Henry  Harria,  a  son. 

At  Woolwich-cummon^ihe  wifeofCapL  Arthur 
B.  Hawei,  a  dau. 

Attff,iU  At  the  Chantry,  Suffulk,  Lady  Kelly, 
a  dau. 

At  Knockln,  Hhropwhlre,  Lady  Corbet,  a  dau. 

At  Victoria- villa,  Bath,  the  wife  of  Lieut.-CoK 
O.  Ne^bolt,  a  dau. 

At  Carabame  Rectory,  the  wife  of  the  Rev. 
W.  P.  Ohappd,  a  dau. 

Aug,  SA,  At  Stafford,  the  wife  of  Col.  Hopg, 
a  son. 

At  Heath-houae,  near  Wakefteld^  the  wife  of 
E.  A.  Leatham,  eaq.,  M.P.,  a  ion. 


81«  [Scfft 


MAREJAGIS. 


Jtiu*  t.     At   iMiiiii'kniMi    Maarm.  TV.  tm  Lore  Biahflf  of  Bitarmbc  aad  w  fitt  : 

IjpfTiauL   «M..    l*)ti   tuftiL  Itul   u  Cuarionc..  a".  BniRi? . 

eiittfT  UBU  uf  u*  MM  Lap:  £L.  L.  Zjtei.  ^JL.'§  Jyi  S.    A:  f«:  3aag  fc.&oii*lMii.  BsrrrliPvii 

•Mf:  Lffr*.  iTunk  tw...  Copl   L..M^.I..  w&  of  M^^-^jOI. 

<i:  r*:  {tvm^\.  Mnutnrt'^^  HtaiM?  Pzpc-  Ivunfc  u  f-rrfXie«r>  B«nneak.  eioae  liaii.  of  Cbafc. 

1^ou<vmA;.    Mu.   o'  temlmif-nal  .  hialluni<auT\^  Ukluct^.  e-«i^  o'  K.«ai«iufruni-TilBk.  tentbaea. 

u  HuzAvrtL  niMut..  imij  oaL.   u'  uh  laif  Siurtrr  a:  ?«i  ILa^  Atmot: V  fcrnamfia;^  £tiiea:  ■<«- 

••M>e^  >'rxiu*-  «w,..  o?  feutiux.  CuitUKuc.   War-  cautc  «w..  n?  H.il  »  MaorM  Ajidt.  tb  Julia 

ViSkoiurt  asii.  '.mnb-uaL.  I^i0e«i«rtou:rt.  Ejirjamit.    dau.  o!  Juto.  fiiunr.  ea^^i  fihcAdkd- 

^'■M«  :>«.    it:  (iifOKJi;.  bunu.  Aia«snUu>  Ciiarjck  isanicn^.  K-OMUuruiL. 

VjL  K«T.«M,..  0*  ftt  >«M!r'»  CoIitiEiau  mouml.  a:^  l,uaf 'KHuIinmy  Ve&.  tlK-BcT.Butert 

AfK^aj'M.    u   Aw;  (jaVHT.  a»uiic  (uu    u?  ixm  Bum*?  I'ueiith.  K.A..   u.'  l'*-4rnc    u>  Caratme 

BflL   Jum.  MtffpitvtL    Clue?    Neereiar?    uf    tlit  Beitx^  liurt.  aau.  o*  Tunutt  isjeufvtL,  eaq^  of 

i'^Tnivi    aui  gffBiiufiBiL ■  iK  tut  Box.,  nc  J.  H.  Oarnnb-iuli-'nliafk.  BuUuvar. 

J'mikt   hrvMtteir  &  iii»  lifif»i>^i:vi  CunncL.  a:  sk.  liarr v  IvrBr.  Tnunia*  TInhnwt.  ea^^ 

«;■■»  X..  a:  Ua  Ufiueoral  Cnuxvi.  SmtiaDpuL  LrniL  Wila  Mamk.  u-  Man  LouaiL,  abIt  dan. 

Owrr"  i^a'jKML  ilmriaiR..  <m,.  £.11  r  Cj&ml  a:  u!  tat  lau  C*«e|K  Caner.  ea^. 

^ffriAx..  u  ^aliiali*..  am.  a*.  lrf«n..-0«..  LutMU..  Ai  husu  zni  lu-^ .  Cuartet  Arthnr  Loard.  Tiear 

.-'Mi!  T    a:  bi.  C»<!nr-|re't-  Otviuiiu.  "W  «:  IndiM.  of  Vjicwortu.  TorijuuTt.  xomtfrem.  am.  of  the  laie 

£isc7  '•uarpt.  «m,..  JTtnur.  Mmt^uil.  um.  W.zi»t  Ciuine^  ltou:'>ai.  I.ua:rt..  ch.  ,  of  BljhmuugW 

Bwi.   Hvnr^   Lcvarc   Siuirvt.  Ciuef  ^u«:itx   of  tti^'-  IjaeiiOMiun.  v  Xjutt.  buia' dan.  a!  tfa»  laa 

too  Vjuwaj-.    u  }-7aaiu»  Li^zuiiru..  «iues:  oul..  of  yetas  Irunaf  I^uariL  «k...  H^i. 

tut  HuL   ViIiuiiL  Iwna:!.  ija^M.  Quef  JuiOue  .'iki  ^.  A:l<««naL.  Ca^n.  Juhx.  Ctiaa.  SheAcU, 

V'  IrrvuiUk  £:<.  7  ufiHieTK.  nirx  am.  o'  Sir  Bdtaert  Sbeffiekd, 

^uii  L    At  JUvniOfKin..  fieutot  Lanyc  wniiaiub.  bon^    yarauaifcn-7Hirs.   Lmroinilure.  to  Xaiy 

«M..  CI ..  V:n.  **u:^..  MmuJLui'u: .  u  Otrurpiax;^  £»ar.a  teitic.  •iaec  oau.  uf  Thok.  Bnxkr  BtoBC?, 

Caruiu**..   wtxiitL   oaL.    of  HlB.iir  liam>«r.  Cuib-  tMC,^  of  roniancL  cb  Tippemr^. 

iiBntrtnir  H..K  t  j*fu.  ibefn.  5.1.  A*,  -c  AnoTrW  ILf:i«b.  Jamet  Beorr.  cMert 

a:  Uat  Itfilwruni..  {iiamlsar.  Jium.  L^anf  Frt^  am.  of  Sir  GrtorfK  Eamaey.  ban^  of  BaadE.  eo. 

A7  lOMT .  e*!,.  bu.    iLair*   l.«fn..  mil  uf  Artnur  l*rrzu  ant  Saiden:  of  CxsnK  CSuxrdi.  Clxf nrd.  to 

J^rr'.-"  tLxat^r.  tfri,..  .*  1 .  lir  zitt  cl.  of  C  util.  aiul  EhzbiM^  Marr  Ciwrinat-  eidea:  dau.  of  WHliaia 

fmuiUMt  u*  ib<b  iau  fie  f  eiiiuL  .avjiu*?.  bar..^  uf  iteaz.  £.err.  ei^.  of  Coaaxi  anc  TanlBva.  Bux- 

lunaatMit.  -l.MaUt..  et.   Juioart-  u    }  ranees  Hur-  burfr'tMturr. 

fanti..   cuL    uf  Jjtft.  liiuxuMiL.  cml..  Buueauc  A*,    um    Grcarrexuir-ii^.   Qmrdu   VaBcheislcr, 

C  uDmi.  Hiizharc  l&uifiFvunL.  cwc.  C:a|C  Boval  DrairuoBB, 

•''i*  f  2fe.    A*.  Hi  0«arrc't-  BanrT^r-cc...  SL^inr  eidf^  aoL  of  tbe  ia»  Bm^.  Dqiu  MokeFvarth. 

{fat   Hui.   L   luuli»e-BaiuiiiuT..  ti   Marr  Gitvn.  11^  .  mc  xiniimr  of  tfar  p.  lami  VMOomil  Molg*- 

4-iUw:   bau    uf    Srr    Juni.  auc   Lac:i    ELzubeiL  wot-Jl.  tr  Marr  Lnawa.  eiuc<  da£.  of  Charln 

irmi:!* .  A  •ucnu'Mi^  rttraitn.  o^^  of  'Vrbalier-raBpe,  near 


Cii^i.i'-,  H.A..  uf  ^A^tan-M,..  *»n««*-piroeiik.  ii  a:  rauM*ltiizr^  Srm.  Thoma»  ftalt.  jsa^  raq-, 

jr.j<^  ^Tixi*.   itjouv^  uf  ba:;unuL  Korirr.  en^^  [>f  K.?  .  ti  BrifT.  yonnfeg  dat-  af  Jnhn  ^ndfgdan, 

Oiuu'.-**i*fr-vrrT*i«   B^o^-parL.  uic.  nac  of."   T.  «^..  of  Ciu««Iiiiine. 

hub't^  «»%..  uf  1« untjjuag^^^ wtAiiL  ijoc&uiz..  a:  Ca^ie:  7%i.  Marr.  doffalk.  Artbnr  Baraiorp, 

c*.  **:  }  kiul't.  Oi  •>it<V'^^  liif  l;rr.  .lulxuf  B.  enc^  ](*u.  Bc<Ta:  Boawrk.  u  C^atihat.  dan.  of  the 

!.'.•«  MT .  luuru.  im.  u*  tot  laxe  Ca^n.  HicLarc  T.  £f^  .loprpt  Tavec.  Jtena:  nf  C^peL 

2.t*v-  *-t .  1:  N..  u  .'Lulia.  lunni.  ttar  of  Uie  Brr.  At  Si  C«eceTr'<«-  Iniblm. Bct^^aimx.  B«b.  Borpe, 

?.apt  X-.-Tivui.  «%..  lapiTL  and  Af:n.  SSr±  Hefi..  rldrM  ms  of 

-ri«  I  i1      a:  lut  Crjqiel  UpthU  DLbbL.  C*.jil.  ttie  a:.u  Bairr  F*    Bnrpi,  e^-,  of  Bei^hm-pil., 

Jmnur'.   Onmuoje:   Ouara^   uf   JCan-iiU.-]a.rc_  ln:tila^  v  C^tjIxdc  LnuMa.  locnh  dan.  of  Juha 

^urTr>-  u.  Obariocu  Man«.  9vf%mt  caL-  ftf  I;..>>n.  fierhcr:  Kei^r.  ea^.  ;.r^  Ijoiaurm^  co.  Wrai- 

'VillMSML  ««^^  uf  Ifuiiln.  Chfoe.  anc  uert   of  bhbzL. 

■i*    h.    ViluAB»   iiulaei^.    Uiin^    Bbnnt-LIl.  *'i<  j  «'..    At  5i:   Gcsr^^K  Baan^vr-^..  Jdba 

Aiir>««a^  l!r:r.|rt>fic  Xb'inCn^  r!jic..M.r~  v  ibr  Bim.  Abce 

Tuft  liamL  Ajnumdipr  X.  Ten  ^n-T.  t:  !k:L-  Irt'om.^  rouipcac  c&i..  ctf  uir  Hurt:  Bcov.  Lord 

dz«C   lueru^iJk   mkuuc  tiai.    »f  "ZXtt    Kr<r.  I';u-  i>:'<.-u.. 

tesmit  VmiMB.  JiMciar  uf  L*.njL  Xirt*  a:  Tr:  itj  CbtrrL.  radi^ictnx;.  'WCur  BaTv, 

JuipTl.    AS  v«<  '•'mat.  liK  Ee^    rura:::sx  r*«c..  Iil;.  w  ;.f  <:.  .'-fiLr'*  C  'life*,  Cainbricpp, 

Ttmt,  ILA^  Zamaibeo:  of  I*(iitoir-nnb-]^^7i.:rt.  1x^:^0  it.-a.  n.  JoM.  r;a..T.  cm*^^  u  C  ^  :r  Bary  .IxAe, 

TtflBa..  U'  Aam  Ttivaitu  Mmmc  oai.  if  um  ]ii.:c  m;:i  tiujc  ai  7.  T.  iaibKOi.  r»<i^  of  '«'c!f3hourae> 
€».  C  iMBliaaob.  liX<«  lanmibas  of  C  trrriiaB 


Ai  rvoifik.  : 


18G1.] 


Marriayes. 


317 


Bromlej  GoekAi  Rector  of  Lei^h,  Woit«4»terahtT«, 
worn  of  Itie  Ute  Rev.  H^'Drf  AotacrB  CocIca,  Erctor 
ortbesame  parfsb,  to  Hamct  EUKAb«th,  youtiReitt 
dan.  oftbi-  Lite  Col.  Pbllip  Wud«boa«e,  of  Wriln 
benb&lli  near  Beirdlej, 

At  St.  Geof fB**,  Hanovfr^.,  Penton  Thomi>» 
tan,  nq.,  to  Madclina  LotiiMi,  only  Aurvtvin^ 
dma.  of  the  Rct,  Gtw,  PoTcher,  of  BrjriLnHton-flq. 

At  Gmt  P&xton,  the  Upv  iuhn  Win.  Tftvior, 
M.A.,  Pel  low  ttnd  Tutor  of  St,  Peter's  Colieffc, 
CambtidfPt  to  Uatriet,  fourth  daa.  of  Edw.  Tow- 
good,  tf«q.,  P&xtofi-hlll,  HuntingdouAbjIre. 

Jut^  26.  At  81.  Georire'6.  Hanover-sq.,  Robert 
Teniije^t  Uickcttn,  csq.»  eldest  mn  of  Sir  Com- 
vaDU  litokett»,  bart.,  to  Amelia  Helen,  eldef<t 
surv'ivtoj?  dau,  of  Joha  Htetiart,  esq,,  of  lJu]|miR<^, 
Perthshire,  dnd  niece  of  the  Itijfbv  Hon.  J^ord 


L-Sllbiuik. 
1&  Juh  % 


July  %7.  At  Bt.  M&ry'B|  Brrani^toTi-iiq.,  tbe 
1  of  Mcxborongh,  to  A^es  Louisa  KlUttbetb, 
ngnt  dad.  of  the  Ute  John  llaphaet,  c»q. 
~At  Bt.  Jameses,  Picendilly,  \Vni.«  eldett  son  of 
Wm,  !>e«d<»^,  €*q.,  M.P  ,  »f  i<iunclling-pi)rk,  Kent, 
to  S>irah  Mary  Sophia,  eldi'Ni  duo.  of  the  late 
Wen.  Bernard  Uarcourt,  etiq.,  and  nkce  to  the 
MarqaJn  d^nitrconrt. 

At  CUfton,  the  Iter.  G.  F.  Wrijrht,  M.A.,  Fellow 

of  CorptwChriati  Coll.,  Cmnbritiget  to  Georglana, 

foortli    dau«  of   Comm,  G,   Coart^ay    Gfceo* 

way,  U.N. 

Juf^  30.    At  SI.  G«orgeX  HanoTer««q.,  tbe 

^Aiffht  Hon,  Lord  Boston,  to  C^roUne  Atnelia, 

dftu.   of  Col,  tbe  Hon.  J.  St.  Yiuoent 

At  St  George's,  llano ver-aq.,  Lord  Aogtiattu 

H»  C*  llervcy,   Recond  mn  of  the  Marquia  of 

A  to  Mortaoa^  yoonircst  dau.  of  the  lute  W- 

^»  Hodnett,  o»q.,  and  widow  of  Aiihton  Benjna, 

-1Imi.»  H3rd  Re^rt.,  of  8tetchworth-park. 

At  8t.  MargnrcL*B,  Uoramonden,  Kent,  the 
B«v.  Pleroc  Butler,  Rector  of  UlcnmbCi  Kent^ 
•OO  of  the  late  Hon.  Gen,  Butler^  an  1  nepbriw  of 
tile  third  Kiir\  of  Carrick,  to  Catheniie  Tvrisdeii, 
aeeond  dau.  of  tbe  Uev.  Wm.  M.  Smith  Mjirrjott, 
Eeotor  of  llommonden,  granddau.  of  ibc  lute  Sir 
J,  Wyldbore  Smith,  bftrt.,  of  S^dHog,  and  the 
Down-bou*c.  l>or»ct.  und  of  Tboa.  Law  Uodi^ea, 
f4q.,  Uto  of  Hcmsted,  Kent. 

At  8t*  PeU'r'i,  Enton-sq.,  Win.  Hlcka,  aon  of 
the  late  Sir  John  Slade,  bart.,  to  Ccvilla  Loui>«a, 
d*u.  of  the  late  Sir  ChArle^  Uca  Voeox,  hart.,  and 
5  tn  the  Mu^qui^  of  Winchei-ter. 

At  Skipton,  near  Much  Wenlock,  Richard, 
cideilaQn  of  Ktchard  Orlehiir,  e.^.,  of  Uinwick- 
lltfiie,  Bedfordibtre^  to  Fredvriea  ^X  John, 
youncrcat  dau  of  tbe  late  8tr  W.  £.  Ri^use 
Boughton«  hart. 

At  Trinity  Cbarcb,  Bath,  TiioniAi  RfjTiolila 

rilflth,  eaq..  H.M.*»  Indian  Army,  eldest  mn  of 
!  lai/e  Geor^  Woolgur  Griffith,  et*q.,  ol  Punt- 
fwyn.  Car *ii (rail shire,  to  Julia,  third  dau.  of  thu 
hile  Lleut.-Gcn.  Tho».  Wemy*a,  C.B.,  iTlh  Foot. 

At  Plympton  Mourice,  Wm.  John,  third  MWi  of 
Uf^.^r- Ailniirtil  Woollcijmbe,  of  Hrinrrdon,  near 
Pt>iuptjjtu,  to  Anne  Cathnrin»i,  eld«t  dau.  of  the 
lat«  T.  J.  PiHte,  c-tq.,  of  Plymptm. 

▲t  Bpwoii  tiie  R«r.  John  Ricbd.  Vttnoii,  B.A.j 


Cante  cif  S«ltmge,  Kent,  to  Angruata  Oiampneyi, 
dan.  of  the  Rev.  B,  Bmdney  Bockett,  M.  A.,  Vicar 
or£p«om,  Surrey. 

At  8t.  Peter's,  Soothanipton,  George,  tldei^t 
ion  of  John  Mearea,  o»q.,  of  Plas  Llaoatepbnn, 
CaemtarthonKbirc,  to  Mary,  eldest  dan.  of  tho 
Bev.  Wm.  Poj  nder,  of  Soatbamptonf  and  Rector 
of  Elomc,  Surrey, 

At  Much  Cowame,  Herefordshire,  the  Rev. 
Godfrey  Goodman,  He^ «  Mftater  of  tho  Grammar- 
•cbool.  Bishop  Stortford,  to  Prances  Adelaide, 
eldeat  Burviving  dau.  of  tbe  latiJ  Peter  Marriott, 
eaq.t  of  Bath. 

J*^M  ai.  At  8t.  >lary*iK  Peckham,  Edward  B. 
Gudgeon,  esq.,  of  St.  MaryVUxlipe,  Qucen*s-rd., 
to  Caroline  Lydia  CoUingwood,  )'Ouni;er  duu.  of 
Edwunl  Smith,  esq.,  of  St.  Germain,  and  grand- 
niece  of  ihe  late  Admiral  I^rd  Colliiigwoud. 

At  WoodchuTch,  Kent,  Jauiea  Henry,  only  oon 
of  the  Rev-  Robert  Price  IMorrt-ll,  of  VVoodbajn 
Mortimer,  E^**x,  to  Euiily  Manan,  only  dau,  of 
Frederick  I^  Mesuricr,  esq.,  M.D. 

At  All  8ou1s',  Lunghnm-pL,  Charlen  F^dward 
Lionel  Iteginuld  siiuirt  ^liinley,  Captain  In  tho 
Imperial  Aoatrian  Sen-ice,  to  Kate  Ko^a,  youug««t 
dau.  of  the  Ute  Cbarle«  Mackintosh,  e>q.,  of 
GlenmiH^Tun,  lnverncs.«-»hire. 

At  Thornley,  Durbatn,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Buck,  In- 
cumbc^nt  of  Houghton,  near  CarliHlu,  to  Luum 
J.tne,  dan.  oT  tbe  Into  Wul  Eedlieftd,  esq.,  of 
}f  e  wca  8ile*u  pon  -T  y  ae . 

Aufi.  1.  At  ftt,  Jtjhn'»,  Paddington,  Clement  T., 
only  Bon  of  C'lemenl  T>  Swunnton,  psq,,  Q.C,  to 
Anne,  eldest  dau.  of  Sir  John  Rotnilly,  Mooter  of 
the  RoUft. 

At  Putney^  R.  H.  W*llice  Dnnlop,  e»q.»  C.B., 
of  IJ.M/h  Bengal  Civil  Service^  to  Lucy,  second 
dau.  of  tbe  late  Joaeph  Duwsoo,  eeq,,  of  Uulwicb- 
bill-bouie.  Surrey. 

At  St.  Peter**,  Ent*jn-Rq.,  Capt.  J.  R,  Pearwn, 
Royal  Beniral  Artillery,  to  Cecilia  Harriet,  only 
dau.  of  the  late  George  Cbarlea  HoLford,  esq,, 
formerly  of  New-piU'k.  Wiltahire. 

At  Weddington,  Wturwickshlre,  Ge«t  TmsaeU 
K»ton,  e*q.,  of  Cavendisb-brid^i?,  I^iceatervhire, 
eldest  6on  of  tbe  laie  WtlUain  Eaton,  eaq;.,  of 
Etwall,  Derbyshire,  to  Julia  Lucy,  only  duu.  of 
the  Rev.  George  William  Saudford,  M.A.,  Recior 
of  Weddington,  and  Domestic  Chaplain  to  E«rl 
Craven. 

At  the  Priory  Church,  Brecknock,  George 
Packe,  Lieut.  33rd  i Royal  Welsli  Fui-lliera),  to 
Emma  EIlKa,  eldest  dau.  ol  John  Jeffreyi  de 
Winton,  ejiq.,  of  Priory -hill,  Rretrknoek. 

At  Comb  Martin,  Pevon,  the  Kev.  Robert 
Jamen  Do' ne,  M.A.,  Fellow  of  Trinity  College, 
Cuui bridge,  and  8cnior  A s»i<«Unt- Master  of  WeD- 
ington  College,  to  Catherine  Ellen,  third  dau.  of 
the  late  Rev.  P.  W.  Tbomaa,  Rector  of  Farkham, 
Devon, 

At  Roekbeare,  Devon,  Edward  Salvin  Dowlby, 
eaq.,  of  tbe  Inner  Temple,  b.irriaur-ut-law,  to 
Maria,  youngeatdao.  of  tbe  Ute  James  Rl(uing« 
ton,  esq.,  ot  Broom bjoad-hall,  Yorkshire. 

At  Bebbington,  Ctu»hire,  the  Rev.  Herbert 
Harvey,  aon  of  the  U»l«  Hev.  Henry  Harvey, 
Canon  of  Bristol,  to  Gertrude  Jane,  youngeat 


318 


Marriages. 


[Sept 


^a.  or  the  Ser.  ft.  M .  Fcikla,  Bcctor  of  Beb- 


At  E7«,  Soifolk,  the  Rer.  G.  PhilSpa,  XmCct 
or  Clkani  GrMUBsr-tfchool.  to  Mary,  ekicat  dsa. 
or  the  KcT.  C.  5oclc7,  MmCct  or  Eye  Gmaaar- 
■elMoI  awi  Ineumbtnt  of  Ridlia^ieUL 

At  the  BritMh  EmkMvy,  Pui*.  the  Rcr.  Edv. 
Lombe,  oT  Great  Melton  and  BjUogfa,  eo.  Nor- 
folk, to  X.le.  Marie  Feiide  Hoooriae  Jabelj.  or 
ffC.  Gcrmaiae  en  Laje. 

Am^.  %,  In  EtOQ  CoOefe  Chapel,  the  Rev. 
Edvard  D.  Mom,  Fellow  or  kinff't  CoUeye, 
Canbridfe,  to  Elizabeth  Thema,  onlj  daa.  or 
the  Rer.  FrancM  Tidal,  Eton  CoUefe. 

At  St.  Mar7%  Br7aBctan-«q.,  Pirie  Coefaraan 
Doaeaa,  jomMrest  ion  of  the  late  Adm.  John 
Maekrilar,  oT  Braadon-Tilla,  Cheltenham,  to 
Charlotte,  jovngeat  dan.  or  the  late  George 
Henty,  caq^  oT  Tarrmg .  Worthing. 

At  Melton  Concuble,  Norfolk,  Charles  Cutle, 
CM}.,  Cape  Rojal  North  Glooeester  Militia,  to 
Aifai  Elixabeth,  onlj  dan.  or  tae  late  Arthur  John 
Cridlaad,  cwi.,  of  Sydenham,  Kent. 

At  8C.  Jamca**,  Weatboome-terraee,  Thomaa 
Frsaer,  caq,,  M.D.,  lOth  Bojal  Ha<«ar«,  to  Mar- 
garet, fonngcet  dau.  of  the  late  Richard  Smith, 
caq.,  of  Glooceater-terraee,  Hjde-park. 

Am§.%.  At  Leamington,  Ralph  Smyth,  esq., 
late  Capt.  17th  Foot,  eldest  ton  of  Robert  Smyth, 
esq,,  of  Gaybrook,  co.  Westmeath,  to  the  Hon. 
Selina  Constance,  foorth  dan.  of  Vice- Admiral 
Lord  Homerrille. 

At  Trinity  Chorch,  Paddington,  Francis  O.  A. 
Fnller,  enq..  Royal  Horse  Guards  [Blue;,  to 
Eliaabrth,  only  dan.  of  the  late  Sir  Robert  A. 
Uooglaa,  bavt.,  of  Glenbenrie,  Scotland. 

At  St.  Peter*!,  Dublin,  the  Rer.  Charles  Camp- 
bell, A.B.,  Corate  of  Creggan,  only  son  of  the 
Rer.  Prrbendary  Addf^rley  Campbell,  Rector  of 
Tullycorbet,  and  nephew  of  the  prenent  Sir  Thos. 
Bernard  Dancer,  bort.,  co.  Tipperary,  to  Anna 
Selina,  dan  of  Alexander  Reid,  e«q . ,  of  Pemb  r  oke- 
terr.,  Dublin,  and  great-.grandniece  of  the  late 
Marchioness  of  Townflend. 

At  Christ  Church,  St.  Marylebone,  Charles 
St.  Clare  Bedfrird,  e«q.,  of  Dean'»-yard,  West- 
m:n.<iter.  to  Harriet  Emma,  eldest  dau.  of  the 
late  IU>b*?rt  Edward  Brougbton,  esq.,  F.R,S^ 
of  IXin^tHiq.,  one  of  the  Metropolitan  Police 
MaKijitrates. 

At  CasUfTton,  Wenimorcland,  Harry  Smith, 
e«q.,  adTocate,  Edinburgh,  to  Julia  Medina, 
s^ond  dau.  of  the  late  CoL  Rice  Jones,  K.H., 
Royal  Entrineem. 

At  Ht.  Mary'»,  Penzance,  the  Rer.  George  M. 
Pent/>n,  of  St.  Paul's,  Penzance,  second  eon  of 
K,  Ct.  VfuUtn,  e<«q.,  of  Ca^tlerigg,  near  Keswick, 
and  ivlfawt,  to  Mary  Frances,  Hecond  dau.  of  the 
\:tXA:  11^ V.  FranciA  Gregory,  Vicar  of  MuUicm, 
forrwall. 

At  I.andrwednack,  the  Rev.  John  Lngg,  of 
M.  K'-rr-me,  an'i  Chaplain  of  II. M.S.  "  Sans- 
pTreil,"  to  .Mary  Sophia,  eldest  dau.  of  Philip 
Vyvwn  KobinMon.  esq.,  of  Nansloe,  HeUtone, 
Cornwall. 

At  f.'hild  Okeford,  Fximond  Warre,  esq.,  M.A., 
Fellow  of  All  Souli'  College,  Oxford,  icoond  aon 


or  Henry  Wnrrc,  m^^  nT  Fjne  wt,  I 

to  Flomec  Dora,  ddcat  ■■rvTYiBf  dan.«r  lienL- 

CoL  C.  SC  Lo  Mnlet.  or  little  F«rtmc&.4nwc, 

DoneL 

At  Aymcstrx,  Hcrcfcr^kize,  Ike  Bcr.  T.  a 
Roeke,  Rector  or  Ctoagnaford,  to  Edith,  ] 
dan.  of  the  late  Rer.  T.  T.  Levis,  or  ] 

At  SC  Mary's,  FndrtiMtnn,  the  Rer.  Jaaat 
SCrangewsrd  Rogers,  or  WcMcrhna^  KcBt,  ammd 
son  of  Thomas  Rogers,  esq.,  of  ffmae  hnam, 
Oswestry,  Salop,  to  Isahrila  Stewart,  only  cWU 
or  the  late  John  Robert  Gray,  caq.,  HJD^  ef 
Howley-pl^  Maida-kilL 

At  Ashby  Magna,  Locntenldia,  Dr.  G.  J. 
Thantoo,  or  Brinklow,  Warwiekafaire,  to  Aaa 
Sarah,  eldest  dan.  or  the  Rer.  E.  Gthsoa.  Vknr 
or  Ashby  Magna. 

At  St.  Jaakes*s,  Paddington,  Bcghmld  Staart 
Poole,  CM}.,  or  the  Brtti«h  Maseoi,  to  Sliaa 
Christina,  eldest  dan.  or  Wmiam  Fnrlrmgii,  caq.. 
orMelboome,  Tietoria. 

Am§,1.  At  Barlstoa-hoase,  KirkcadbiightA., 
SCerenaon  Forbes,  esq.,  or  Baraard*8  -  grecB, 
Worcestershire,  to  Anne,  ytmngesl  daa.  aT  tha 
late  Sir  Joha  Gordon,  bart^  of  Farlslwi 

At  Leadenham,  William  Daihwood  Fane,  caq., 
to  Snaan  Milliccnt,  eldor  daa.  oT  Gcaenl  aad 
Lady  Susan  Reere. 

At  the  Cathedral,  SaKsbary,  Ma|ar  FhOip  A. 
BouTerie,  fourth  ton  or  the  late  Hoa.  aad  Bar. 
Fredk.  Pleydell  Boorerie,  to  CaroliBe  Mary,  oalj 
child  of  Rd.  Hetley,  esq.,  the  Close,  Salisbary. 

At  the  Town  Church,  St.  Peter's  Port, 
Guernsey,  Ernest  le  Pelley,  Capt.  Mh  Farilien^ 
to  Franees,  eldest  daa.  of  P.  StaJIbrd  Chrey,caq.« 
Bailiff  of  Guenifey. 

At  Trinity  Church,  Sonthport,  CapC  W.  M.  a 
Acton,  sceood  son  of  the  late  Lieat.-CoL  Aetost, 
of  Wefttaston,  M.P.  and  V.L.  co.  Wkklow,  to 
Elizabeth  Francea,  only  child  oT  the  late  CapUF. 
A.  Robinson,  5th  Fusiliers. 

At  St.  George's,  Hanorcr-sq.,  the  Rer.  Henry 
W.  Maxwell  Egan,  M.A.,  only  son  of  the  late 
W.  Msxwell  Egan,  esq.,  or  Salem-moont,  eo. 
Dublin,  to  Lucinda  Constance,  yonngest  dan.  of 
E.  Bicknell,  esq.,  Heme-hill,  Survey. 

At  St.  Mary-de-Lode,  Glooeester,  Geo.  Thoa. 
Wright,  esq.,  eldest  son  of  CoL  George  Wright, 
late  Madras  Army,  to  Frances  Anna  Maria,  elder 
dau.  of  the  Ute  Rct.  John  Bishop,  Preeentor  oT 
Gloucester  Cathedral,  aad  Yiear  of  8t.Mar7- 
de-Lcde. 

Auff.  8.  At  Stoke,  Deroaport,  James H.  Wade, 
Major  H.M.'s  53rd  Regt.,  to  Catherine,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  CoL  St.  Aubin  Molesworth,  R  E. 

At  Trinity  Chuich,  Marylebone,  Arthur  James, 
eldest  son  of  the  late  James  Balfour  Ogflry,  esq.. 
of  the  Bengal  Ciril  Serrice,  and  grandson  of  the 
late  Rcar-.\dmiral  Sir  William  Ogilry,  hart.,  of 
Inrerquharity,  to  Mary  Camilla  Letitia,  eldest 
dau.  of  William  Needham,  esq.,  of  Lenton-hotise, 
Nottinghamshire. 

At  Dtmterton,  Deron,  Robert  Fellowes  Wren, 
Capt.  of  H.M.'s  3rd  Bombay  Light  Caralry,  to 
Frances  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  the  Rer.  J.  Woolo- 
combe.  Rector  of  Stowford,  Deron. 

At  St.  John's,  NotUng-hill,  the  Rer.  Samoal 


1861.] 


Marrittge$. 


319 


Omy,  tnentnhrnt  of  Craiflftll,  Tnr^bire*  to  Mary 
Sluart,  Hdest  dan.  of  WUliain  Hutchiiu  Cnllootti 
«»q.,  of  the  Mtll,  KCTiidnirton. 

At  CbBTltoQ,  the  ReT.  Archer  Uptmi,  M,A,, 
Ineambent  of  Coundon,  Binhop  AuckUnd,  eldest 
wan  of  Arch pr  Thou.  Upton,  e«iq.,  of  Blnckh«ratli- 
park,  to  I«a,  eldt-iit  dan.  of  the  Rev.  Robert  Geo. 
Lewif,  Incumbent  of  St.  John'ti.  Bluckheath.  < 

At  St.  OeoTiire's  IIanover--q.,  the  Rev,  John 
Boblii9cin«  Hector  of  Widmerpool,  Kottn,  to 
Marthft  Wiilkcr,  eldest  d&u.  of  the  lute  John 
Booth  Freer,  e*q..  M.D.,  of  Ldecsler, 

At  Klngvwinfordt  StaffordAhlre,  Geo,  WilEiam 
McMTt,  esq.,  of  AbbeylandA,  Weston-on-lVent, 
too  of  Wm.  Moore»  etq.,  of  Wj^ohdore-lodge, 
BtKflbrd,  to  Ellxa  Juio,  onl^  dan.  of  Tbov. 
WiniMn  Fletcher.  e«q.,  M.A.,F.B.9.,of  Lavnes* 
irood-'hoatke,  near  Stoarbridg«, 

At  8t-  Mary**.  Ultoxoler,  the  Rer.  Arthur 
Chtcbr'le  Chamhrc  Vaugh&o,  M.A.,  third  «on  of 
Biobcrt  Chumbre  VuuKbnn,  esq.,  of  Barlton-lijill^ 
to  Siotiinnii  Clottlde  Hind-s  youn^^t  duo.  of  the 
IttI*  Jacob  Hlttd«,  e«q.,  of  FnenUahip,  and  the 
lAdge,  Barh«do«. 

At  8t-  Peltr**,  Cheltenham,  John  Rmthwaito 
HardT,  esq,,  Capt.  Royal  Romboy  Artfllpry,  son 
of  the  late  Col.  Edmund  Hardy,  of  the  name 
Hegt.,  to  Fanny  Dewbro^sHeH,  only  child  of  Francia 
Cook,  caq.,  M*n,,  of  Suffolk-lavn,  CheUenhjim, 

At  Modikstown,  co.  Dublin,  Cha«.  Orde  ftrowrip 
eiq ,  Rojal  Hor»e  Artillerj,  »econd  hou  of  the 
late  Col.  B.  €.  Browne,  Stoota-hill,  Gloucc*ter- 
•iuTe,  to  Wilbelmina  France*.  elde*l  dau.  of 
Rd.  Reeve*,  c^.>  of  Dublin,  barrlrtcT-at-law. 

At  Feltbam,  Middltf«^.^,ChaJi.  Shaw  de  NeufrlTli! 
Luc«»,  Capt  Bombay  ArtilltTV,  eldest  son  ofCoL 
Charles  Luc&a,  Command  tint  of  that  Corps,  to 
Laura  Aufii«ta  Mahelln,  eldest  dau.  of  tike  Rct. 
R.  Croker,  Superintendent  and  ChtipUin  of  the 
MIddleKx  IndnAtrittl  Schools*  Ft^lthnm. 

At  WarnhiUD,  Sussex,  Alexamier  Edwnrd 
ChamptoQ,  fldlist  wm  of  the  late  \Vm.  Chiimpion 
SCreatfeild,  esq.,  of  Chart'*  Edgr,  Kent,  to  ITelea, 
only  (mrrirliiflr  dau,  of  the  lata  Capt,  McNeill,  of 
CoIosHV,  \.B. 

At  St,  Rdmund*!i,  Dudley,  Leacroft,  eldest  i»on 
of  leacroft  Freer,  eN|.,  of  OakfieMs,  Kinsrswin- 
ford,  to  Marianne,  seeond  daa.  of  the  Rev.  John 
Da  vies.  Incumbent  of  the  above  church. 

At  OraMwndale,  Robert  Fretlerick,  eldest  son 
«f  R.  H.  Spa^k^  e«i.^  CharttTbouRe,  Tendon,  to 
Sarah  Snther,  eldef^t  dau.  of  Jnmefi  Muckay,  e»q., 
Femleiirh,  Aigburth,  near  Liverpool. 

At  Sitoke  Newin^on,  John  Crewi  Dudley,  eiiq., 
of  Oxford,  to  Selena  Ive^,  dau.  of  the  lata  John 
Powell,  e-q.,  of  £airt.horp«t  E'lsox. 

At  Lewifiham,  FraQcU  Ilarrii,  esq.,  M.D.,  of 
CaTcndl«h-iq.,  youngest  mn  of  the  late  John 
HarrU.  esq.,  M.P.  for  Southwark,  to  Marianna, 
only  dan.  of  the  late  Charlea  Biirrie,  e^.,  of 
FutfortUirrani^,  Torkahire,  and  of  Mrs.  Charlai 
Barrifv  of  Black  heath. 

M  niftijn,  the  Rev.  Arthur  Crc*le?  HcUicar, 
of  Rronilf  y.  Kent»  to  Mary  Anne  lenhella,  eldest 
dnu.  of  Sydenham  Malthn*,  e*q.,  of  Clifton. 

Auit.  10.  At  Trinity  Chorch,  Dover,  ChMrle* 
Johnston,  CapU  lioyaj  Arilll«r)%  emwud  son  of 


the  late  Tice-Adm.  Johiiflon,  of  CowbllU  Dum- 
fries, to  Annie  AupruAta,  only  child  of  A.  T.  T. 
Peterson,  esq,,  barrintcr-at-law,  Cnlentta, 

At  St,  Murk's.  Bnth.  Ciipt.  William  JoIUflb, 
R.MX.I.,  eldcflt  son  of  the  late  Col.  JoUilfe,  to 
Fnnn>%  younsresl  frirvivinir  dau,  of  Edward 
Luokman,  enq.,  of  Dcvonnbire-hoose,  Bath, 

Aftg.  11.  At  St.  Mnrylebonc,  and  afterward**  at 
the  Haflniarj  Ch.ip<*l,  Welbeek-st.,  Ciiptaln  Sergioa 
Schwartjc,  of  the  Rnti^isn  Impi-hal  Navy,  to 
Emily,  daa.  of  the  late  R.  M.  Hume,  esq.,  of 
Cumherlrtnd-lerraee,  Regent'i^-pn  rk. 

Auff.  12,  At  St,  Marylebone,  Major  J,  Fellings 
Pig-ott,  to  Alice  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  Captain 
M*Nalr,  of  Abbey-road,  St.  John's -wood, 

Avig.  13.  At  Brampton,  MidJlc«ex,  Willfim 
King,  esq.,  of  Market  OTcrton,  HutlondAhire,  to 
Julia  Augusta,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  John 
Baker  Sladen,  esq,,  of  Ripplc-court,  Rent, 

At  HaleBowen,  Worcestershire,  the  Her.  8. 
R.  Waller,  M.A.,  Incumbent  of  Slourport,  to 
Albinia,  eldcKt  surirlvlfig  dati<  of  the  late  Joi^h 
Terry  II one,  e*q.,  barri*ter-at-ltiw, 

Ai  H^versham,  the  Vcn,  H.  Uyndman  Jonea, 
Archdeacon  of  Dememra,  son  of  the  late  R.  M. 
Jone«,  efq.,  of  Houston,  In  that  eolony,  to  Ellen, 
dau.  of  the  He  v.  William  Stephens,  of  Levens 
rariTOnapro.  Wewtmoreland. 

At  St,  Jiimcji's,  Hotloway,  the  Rev.  Robert 
Leiuhton  Barnctt,  B.A.,  Chapbin  to  the  Colon Inl 
and  Continental  Church  ^Chciety,  to  Jane  Nannie, 
Jlftb  diiu,  of  ThoA,  6.  Brooke,  e«q.,  tate  H.E.I.C* 
Civil  Service,  Island  of  St.  Helena. 

At  TflTorlbing,  Alexander  D.  Toogood,  esq,, 
Capt.  ILM.'s  2nd  Bengal  Fasiliers,  to  Harriott 
Hannah,  dnu.  of  the  inte  Capt,  Bicknell,  73rd 
Foot,  of  Soutbam,  Warwickshire, 

At  St.  Stephen's,  Fsiddington,  Capt,  Frands 
George  King,  21  st  Fusiliers,  to  M wry  Harrictte 
Bolleau,  yoangvfit  dsu.  of  Henry  Combe,  esq,, 
Baynwater. 

At  8t.  Peter's,  Blackburn,  the  Rev.  T.  Cooper, 
B.A.,  Scholar  snd  Gold  Medallist  of  Christ** 
College,  Cambridge,  to  8nmb  Anne,  elder  dnu,  of 
Charles  Wbitworth,  esq.^  of  Hlackbui-n, 

At  Eloly  Trinity,  Brrampton,  the  Rev.  Henry 
Oc  Foe  Baker,  M.A.,  of  Thnviton,  to  Rkanor 
Isabella,  only  dau,  of  the  late  WilUsm  Charletoo, 
e«i„  of  St.  John'»-grovej  North  Brixton. 

At  Brisllngton,  Somerset,  Willinm  Philip  Dy- 
mond,  esq.,  of  Lincoln'-H-inn,  barrlAtcr-at-law,  to 
Florence  Amelia,  second  d«iu.  of  Fnincb  Ker 
Fox,  esq.,  BLD.,  of  ISri^lingUm'house,  near 
Bristol. 

At  St.  Anne'f,  Dublin,  Nicholas  G,  Elliott,  late 
Lieut.  0and  Regt,,  eldtst  son  of  Tbocoas  Elliott, 
esq.,  Jobnstown-houj!te,  eo.  Carlow,  to  Juno 
Adelaide,  second  dau.  of  Edw.  ITcnry  Courtenay, 
esq.,  of  SlephonV-jjrTeent  Dublin, 

AHf,  H.  At  Wert  Kirby,  Capt.  W.  Gray,  M.P,, 
to  Magdidene,  dau,  of  the  Ute  John  Robin,  esq., 
of  Grove-  hUl,  Wert  Kirby,  Cheshire, 

At  St,  George's,  Mannver-sq,,  the  Rev,  John 
Balllie,  Bedford-sq„  to  KliKabrth  Clara  Chlppin- 
dall,  only  child  of  the  late  General  Latter, 

At  Ktng^toU'on-Thnmcs,  Tbos.  Stnden,  esq., 
of  Deer-park,  eo,  Cork,  to  Mary  Cbarlotti,  i0ooa4 


320 


Marriages. 


[Sept 


(Ua.  of  Rd.  Duckworth  Dunn,  esq.,  of  Reethlng- 
welUi,  Surrey. 

At  St.  Mary*s,  Milton,  near  Portsmouth,  Tho«. 
H.  Alexander  Brenan,  edq.,  Lieut.  Royal  Marines 
Light  Infantry,  eldest  son  of  the  late  Thomas 
Brcnan,  e»q.,  M.D..  K.N.,  of  St.  Edward's,  South- 
sea,  to  Emma  Jane,  dau.  of  Jonathan  Gain,  eitq., 
R.N.,  of  Lumps-villa,  South^ea,  Hants. 

Auff.  15.  At  St.  Steph«^*s,  Paddington.  Andrew 
Bonar,  esq.,  Hamilton-house,  Leamington,  to 
Loair^  widow  of  Lieut.-Col.  Kubt.  Anstnither, 
of  Thirdpart,  co.  Eife,  and  youngest  dau.  of  the 
late  Major-Gen.  Sir  Howard  Elphinstone,  hart., 
C.B.,  R.B. 

At  All  Souls',  Langham>place,  Francis  Bishop, 
B.A.,  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  }'Oungest 
■on  of  the  Rer.  D.  G.  Bishop,  Buntingford, 
to  Harriettc  Anno,  only  dau.  of  (teorge  Smith, 
esq.,  and  niece  of  Mrs.  Holt  Mackenzie,  Wim- 
pole-st.,  CaTendii»h-square,  and  Aspedon-lodge, 
Herts. 

At  Impington,  Reginald  CaKert,  esq.,  Lieut. 
11th  Hussars,  youngest  son  of  the  late  Vcr>-  Rev. 
Dr.  Calvert,  Warden  of  Manchester,  to  Maria, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Alexander  Cotton,  esq.,  of 
Land  wade,  Cambridgeshire. 

At  Warkworth,  Northumberland,  Major-Ocn. 
W.  J.  Browne,  C.B.,  of  H.M.'s  Indian  Ar.ny,  to 
Susan  Harriet,  third  dau.  of  the  late  .Major 
Clutterbuck,  of  Warkworth,  and  granddau.  of 
the  lute  Hon.  T.  Lyon,  of  Hctton-house,  Durham. 

At  the  Wesleyan  chapel.  Great  Yarmouth,  the 
Rev.  William  Davies  Williams  of  Ely,  eldest  son 
of  Mr.  Thomas  Williams,  of  Crickhowcll.  South 
Wales,  to  Jessie,  fourth  and  youngest  dau.  of 
Mr.  J.  Ilarrisori,  of  Great  Yarmouth,  and  grand- 
dau. of  the  late  Mr.  John  Harrison,  of  Caiatcr, 
Norfolk. 

At  St.  John's,  Paddington,  Ralph,  son  of  the 
late  I.  Disraeli,  esq.,  of  Bradenham,  Bucks,  to 
Katharine,  dau.  of  Charles  Trevor,  esq.,  Norfolk- 
cresc<>nt. 

At  St.  Mark's,  St.  John's-wood.  the  Rev.  Francis 
Gretton  C.  Brathwaite,  son  of  the  Rev.  Francis 
Robert  Brathwaite,  late  .\rchdcacon  of  St.  Kitt's, 
WoHt  Indios,  to  Frances,  fourth  dau.  of  the  late 
Thom.is  Hrown,  esq.,  of  Barbados. 

At  St.  (Jeorge's,  Hanover-wi.,  Wm.  H.  Dickin- 
son, M.B.,  of  No.  11,  ('he^terfleld-st,  Mayfair, 
eldeht  Non  of  William  Dickinson,  esq.,  of  New- 
park,  Lymiimton,  Hants,  to  Laura,  youngest 
dau.  of  James  Arthur  Wilson,  M.I).,  of  Dover- 
st.,  Piccadilly. 

.\t  Yuughal,  Edward  Henry  John  Meredith, 
esq.,  ('apt.  87th  Krgt.  (Royal  Irish  Funiliers), 
only  son  of  Sir  Edward  Meredith,  bart.,  to  Agnes 
Margaret  Naylor,  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Pierce  Wm. 
Drcrt ,  of  Brook -l(Klgc,  Rector  of  Youghal. 

At  Eton  Collofre  Chapel,  Mr.  Wm.  Willoughby 
Comins,  solicitor,  of  London,  to  Mary  Anno 
C'oniin««,  clde«t  dau.  of  Thomas  Howell  Stevens, 
esq.,  of  Eton  College,  Bucks. 

Auff.  17.  At  St.  John's,  Oxford-sq.,  the  Hon. 
Wm.  E.  Byng,  brother  of  the  Earl  of  Strafford,  to 
Flora  Fox,  only  dau.  of  Major  Quintus  Vivian, 
of  Ilydc-pk.-sq.,  and  Wellingborough,  Northamp- 
ton->hire. 

12 


At  St.  George's,  Uanorer-eq.,  Capt.  Antbony 
Carlisle,  60th  Royal  Rifles,  eldest  •an  of  Tbomaa 
Carlisle,  e«i.,  of  Clifton-rUlma,  MaiiU-hiU.  lo 
Marian,  second  dau.  of  Frederick  Robert  Beeaton, 
esq.,  of  St.  George's-pl.,  Hyde-park-eonier. 

At  Wilton,  near  Taunton,  Capt.  Philip  H. 
Crampt<m,  chief  constable  of  8bn^»biri>,  to 
Blanche  Constantia,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 
William  Walter  QoarUey,  Rector  of  WaahfleU, 
Devon. 

Aug.  20.  At  St  George's,  HanoTcr-eq.,  Franeii 
noulton,  eldest  son  of  Sir  Brodick  Hartwell, 
hart.,  to  Emma  Jane,  only  child  of  Sir  Henry 
Dymoke,  hart.,  of  ScrlveLsby^eoart,  Lineoliiiihire. 

At  Ilovingham,  Edward  Robert,  eldest  aoa  of 
the  Hon.  Laurence  H.  King  Harman,  of  New- 
castle, CO.  LongforJ,  to  Emma  Frances,  yoangeet 
dau.  of  Sir  Wm.  Wortley,  hart.,  of  Hovingbam, 
York^hire. 

At  Leckhampton,  Gloacesterehire,  Charlef 
Chiistopher  Carleton,  son  of  the  late  Mijor-Gea. 
Baynes,  of  Woolbrook-glen,  Sidinoutb,  Devon, 
to  Anna  Maria,  dau.  of  the  late  Lieut.-CoL  Orey, 
Royal  Scots  Greys. 

At   St.  James's,   Westboome-tcrrace,    Frank 
Rftmer,  esq.,  of  the  Admiralty,  Doctors*- 
moTiH,  to  Louisa,  third  dan.  of  Tbomi 
Goode,  esq. 

At  Stoke  Damerel,  Devon,  Henry  Brady,  eeq., 
of  H.M.'s  Dockyard,  Devonport,  to  Etnma 
Churchill,  third  dau.  of  the  late  Capt.  Hobeon, 
R.N. 

At  West  Malvern,  Charlea  James  Godfrey, 
H.M.I.A.,  youngest  son  of  the  late  Lient.-OoL 
Jo  m  Race  Godfkvy,  of  the  Madras  Army,  to 
Sarah  Rehekah,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 
Fklw.  Rowlandson,  of  Kington  St  Michael,  Wilts. 

At  St.  Matthew's,  Oakley-«|.,  Edward  WUUaa 
Jollye,  esq.,  of  Dontngton,  Lineolnsbire,  second 
son  of  the  Rev.  II.  Jollye,  Wingfleld,  Norfolk,  to 
Harriet  Ann  Forbes,  dan.  of  the  late  Joseph 
Dixon,  esq.,  formerly  of  the  War-office. 

Aug.  21.  At  Chart,  Kent,  William  Baring  Bing- 
ham, esq.,  of  ColeiihiU-park,  to  Mlsa  Ida  Upsdalle, 
of  Belvedere,  Broadstairs. 

At  .Multyfamham,  James  Coleman  Fitspatriek, 
esq..  Judge  of  British  Kaffhiria,  to  Jenny,  dan. 
of  Peter  Nugent  FiUQerald,  esq.,  of  Soho-honse, 
00.  Westmeath. 

At  Witham,  the  Rer.  WUliam  Baynes,  M.A., 
Fellow  of  Clare  College,  Cambridge,  and  Carats 
of  Witham,  to  Helen  Gamharo,  yoongest  dan.  of 
the  late  William  Wright  Loard,  esq^of  Witbam- 
lodge. 

Aiig.  22.  At  Ventnor,  Owen,  eldest  son  of  Owen 
Owen,  Cbq.,  of  Gadbys,  Anglesey,  to  Mary  Sophia 
Sotherin,  eldest  dau.  of  Charles  Prothsn>,  esq.,  of 
Llan%Techva-grange,  Munmonthshire. 

The  Earl  of  Belmore,  to  Anne  Elizabeth  Hono- 
ria,  second  dau.  of  Capt.  Gladstone,  R.N.,  M.P., 
of  Bowdcn-park,  Chippenham. 

Aug.  23.  At  Thorpe,  WilUam  Thomas,  eldest 
son  of  John  Collieon,  esq.,  of  East  BUney-hall, 
Norfolk,  and  Southern-lodge,  Brixton,  Surrey, 
to  Caroline  Annette,  eldest  dan.  of  the  Eer. 
Wi  Uiam  Frost,  of  Thorpo. 


[861.] 


i)  i  t  u  a  r  g* 


{^BdaUvet  or  IViend^  wpplfing  Memoin  are  requested  to  append  their  Addrtsaea,  in 
order  thtU  a  Copy  ofths  QiXTLlMAir's  MjlqaUH^  cQuiaininy  their  CommumcationM 
mojf  h§Jbrward^  to  ihem,^        


ToB  Dues  OF  Buck uro HAM  and 

CHANDOa,  K.O. 

July  29.  At  tlie  Great  Western  Rail- 
way Hotel,  Paddifigton,  aged  66,  fa  in 
Grace  the  Duke  of  Buclcmghum  iind 
Cliiuidofi>  E.G..  &JC, 

The  deceased,  Ricfaiird  Plantiigenet  Tern* 
pie  Nugent  Brydg^  Cbandoft  Grenville, 
Dakoof  BuckinRham  m\d  Cbaud(j*(182*i), 
Marquis  of  BQckiugham  (1784),  Marqaia 
of  Chaudos  iitid  EatI  Teraple  of  feStuwe 
(1822),  Earl  Temple  (1749),  Viscount  and 
Bdron  Cobhiitn  (1718)  in  the  pecmge  of 
thn  United  Kingdom,  and  Earl  Nngent 
in  the  peerage  of  Ireland,  alio  co-heir 
with  the  Marqule  Townsend  to  the  barony 
of  Bonrchier,  K.G.,  0,C.H.,  P.C,  LL.D,, 
F.S.A^  Lord  LieutetiHUt  and  Cniitoa  Hotu* 
lortim  of  Buck«,  and  Colonel  of  the  Bucki 
TcoiDftiiry,  was  bom  February  11, 1797  j 
mid  wmt  the  only  son  of  Richard,  second 
Harqid*  and  flnst  Duke  of  Huckingbum, 
K,G.,  RC.  DXX.,  F.S.A^  L-»rd  Lieu- 
tenant of  BucJ^s,  by  Aime  Eliza,  sole 
heirets  of  James  Brydges,  third  and  la«t 
Duke  of  Chandoft,  the  iole  representative 
of  Henry  Grey,  Duke  of  Suflulk,  by  Mary, 
Queen  Dowager  of  France,  daughter  of 
Henry  VIL  He  was  edneated  at  Eton 
and  Oxford,  but  did  not  take  a  degree 
at  the  Uriivcr»ity.  After  he  bad  attained 
hi*  miyority  he  was  returned  for  the 
oounty  of  Bucks  to  the  Houie  of  Commona, 
in  which  branch  of  the  Legislature,  under 
the  oonrteiy  titles  sneceasively  of  Earl 
Temple  and  Marquis  of  Chandoa,  he  waa 
fofr  a  loDg  series  of  years  a  diligent  mem- 
ber in  the  Conservative  cause.  To  his 
•treouoos  opposition  to  the  Reform  Bill 
was  owing  the  pawing  of  the  ''Chan- 
doa clause/'  In  Febroary,  1836.  his  Lonl- 
■htpp  Bi  Marquis  of  Cbandos,  obtained 
9k  Mket  committee  of  the  House  of  Coui< 
GtNT.  Maq.  Vol.  CCXL 


mons,  "for  the  consideration  of  the  griev- 
ances and  depressed  state  of  the  agricul- 
tnrifits/*  He  remained  an  active  member 
of  the  Comraons  until  the  demise  of  his 
father  in  January,  1830.  On  the  hite 
Sir  Robert  Peel  taking  office  in  1B41, 
his  Grace  was  selected  for  the  office  of 
Lord  Privy  Seal,  and  he  remained  in 
of!)<7e  until  the  dmseiisions  m  the  Cabinet 
on  the  question  of  the  TQpefd  of  the  corn 
lawS)  when  the  Earl  of  Derby  (then  Lord 
Stanley)  also  left  Sir  Robert  PeeFs  Ad- 
miniAlration,  His  Grace  had  the  honour 
of  receiving  (4*iccn  Victoria  at  bis  prineely 
mansion  of  Stowe,  but  very  soon  after 
pecuniary  erobai'russmeuts,  of  which  many 
bad  been  inherited  by  him,  caused  the 
sale  of  that  and  very  many  other  estatei^ 
and  he  in  consequence  retired  altogether 
from  public  life.  The  late  Duke  devoted 
much  time  and  industry  to  the  compila- 
tion of  his  "Memoirs  of  the  Court  and 
Cabinete  of  George  11 L,"  of  the  "Re- 
gency," of  "  George  IV.,"  and  of  "  WiU 
liam  IV*  and  Victoria,**  which  have 
thrown  much  light  upon  the  inucr  politi- 
cal history  of  our  times  and  those  of  our 
immediate  futhers.  He  is  succeeded  in 
the  English  and  Iriih  titles,  and  in  such 
of  the  ducal  itates  as  have  not  been,  and 
could  not  l>e,  alienated  (and  these,  con* 
trary  t^  general  opinion,  are  considerable), 
by  Richard  Phkntageoet  Campbell  Temple 
Ifugeut  Brydges  Chandos  Grenville,  Mar- 
quis of  Cbandos,  his  only  ton  by  Ma 
Duchess. 

By  his  wife  Mary,  youngest  daughter  of 
John  Campbell,  Marquis  of  Breadalbane^ 
whom  he  married  May  15,  1819,  but  from 
whom  he  separated  in  1S50,  he  leaves 
OAue  one  son  and  one  daughter.  Lady 
Anne  Etiza  Mary  Grenville  was  lx»rn  Feb- 
ruary 7»  1S20,  and  married,  June  9»  1846, 
u  r 


822    Obituakt. — The  Duke  of  Buckingham  and  Chando$.     [Sept. 


Mr.  William  Henry  Powell  Gore  Lragton, 
M.P.  for  Somerset,  and  the  now  inherits 
the  title  of  Temple  of  Stowe,  in  right  of 
her  grandfather.  The  only  ion,  Richard 
Flantagenet  Campbell,  now  third  Dnke  of 
Buckingham  and  Chandoe,  was  bom  Sep- 
tember 10,  1828,  and  was  educated  at 
Eton  and  Christ  Chnrdi,  Oxford,  thoogh 
he  did  not  take  a  degree  at  the  University. 
He  was  M.P.  for  Bockingham  from  Feb- 
mary,  1S46,  to  April,  1857;  a  Lord  of  the 
Treasury  and  Keeper  of  the  Privy  Seal  to 
the  Prince  of  Wales  under  Lord  Derby's 
ibst  Ministry  <a  1862 ;  b  Spedal  Deputy 
Warden  of  the  Stannaries  (1862);  was 
captain  in  the  Budcs  Yeomanry  from  1845 
to  1858,  and  Chairman  of  the  London  and 
North- Western  Railway  from  1853  to 
1861;  and  b  a  deputy-lieutenant  of  Bucks 
and  Northamptonshire.  He  married,  Oct. 
2,  1851,  Caroline,  only  daughter  of  Sir 
Robert  Harvey,  of  Langley-park,  by  whom 
he  has  issue  three  daughters  only. 

The  noble  funily  of  Qrenville,  which 
was  represented  by  the  late  Duke,  was 
seated  at  Wootton,  Buddngbamshire,  as 
early  as  the  reigpi  of  Henry  I.,  and  its 
ancient  inheritances  have  perhaps  more 
largely  increased  than  those  of  any  other 
noble  or  gentle  house  in  the  kingdom  by 
Ibrtunate  alliances  with  the  heiresses  it 
other  fiunilies — a  fact  which  will  account 
fbr  the  variety  of  surnames  enjoyed  by  the 
Duke,  and  the  corresponding  number  of 
quarterings  in  hb  escutcheon.  Little  more 
than  a  century  ago,  Richard  Grenville, 
Esq.,  of  Wootton,  then  head  of  the  fhmily, 
and  M.P.  for  Andover,  married  the  daugh- 
ter of  Sir  Richard  Temple,  a  lady  who 
became,  by  inheritance,  Viscountess  Cob- 
ham,  and  was  afterwards  created  Countess 
Temple,  with  remidnder  to  her  sons  by 
him.  Hb  son  and  successor,  Richard, 
Eari  Temple,  was  a  E.G.,  and  Lord  Privy 
Seal,  and  the  leader  of  a  strong  political 
party  in  the  time  of  John  Wilkes ;  and 
hb  grandson,  the  next  Earl  Temple,  who 
was  twice  Viceroy  of  Irebnd,  was  raised, 
in  1784,  to  the  Marquisate  of  Buckingham. 
The  second  Marquis,  fkther  of  the  Duke 
•0  Utely  deceased,  assumed  the  additional 
names  of  Brydges  and  Chandos,  in  1799, 
In  right  of  hb  wife,  the  heiress  of  the  last 


Duke  of  Chandos  of  a  previous  creation. 
The  mother  of  the  bte  Duke  was  the  sole 
representative  of  Mary,  Queen  Dowager  of 
France  and  sister  of  King  Henry  VIII., 
a  lady  on  whom  the  Crown  of  England 
was  settled  in  remainder  under  certain 
contingendes,  which,  however,  have  never 
occurred.  The  Orenville  family  has  pro- 
duced within  the  hut  century  a  conaider- 
able  number  of  statesmen,  including  the 
late  Lord  Grenville,  many  years  Chancel- 
lor of  the  Univernty  of  Oxford,  and  head 
<a  the  adminbtration  of  '<  AU  the  TsIenU" 
in  1806-7;  1^  Right  Hon. Thomas Gren- 
ville,  M.P.;  Mr.  George  Grenville,  many 
years  a  Secretary  of  State,  First  Lord  of 
the  Admiralty,  and  Chancellor  of  the  Ex- 
chequer ;  and  the  bte  Lord  Nugent,  some- 
time Lord  High  Comnussioner  of  the 
Ionian  Isles;  and  at  one  time,  eariy  in 
the  present  century,  no  less  than  four  of 
the  members  of  thb  ducal  house  eigoyed 
at  one  time  the  honours  of  the  peerage^ 
▼is.,  the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  Lord  Gren- 
ville, Lord  Nugent^  and  Lord  Glaston- 
bury. 

On  the  subject  of  the  bte  Duke's  em- 
barrassments, which  have  been  made  the 
theme  c^  much  vituperation  in  some 
quarters,  we  quote  the  following  expla- 
nation from  the  **  Morning  Chronicle,"  as 
it  appears  stamped  by  authority : — 

*'  For  some  years  past,  as  b  pretty  gen- 
erally known,  the  bte  Duke  has  lived  in 
retirement,  and  upon  an  income  small  in 
the  extreme  as  compared  with  a  rent-roll 
of  nearly  £100,-000  per  annum,  to  which 
he  succeeded  at  the  death  of  hb  father. 
The  estates,  however,  were  heavily  encum- 
bered by  the  father  of  the  bte  duke^  who, 
upon  coming  of  ase,  made  himself  Uable 
for  debts  which  he  did  not  incur,  by 
taking  upon  himself  at  the  death  of  hb 
fhther  the  whole  of  hb<  liabilities.'  When 
tiie  present  duke  came  of  age  the  entail  to 
oertfdn  estates  was  cut  ofl^  leaving  intact 
the  Chandos  estates,  with  a  rental  of  about 
£20,000  per  annum,  which  could  not  be 
molested,  as  they  were  entailed  upon  heirs 
female.  Enormous  sales  of  land,  timber, 
and  effects  made  by  the  present  duke 
while  Marqub  of  Chandos,  have  materially 
improved  lUs  prospects,  and  life  assurances 
to  an  immense  amount  will  now  fall  in, 
and  considerably  relieve  the  remaining 
and  encumbered  property.    The  dowager 


1861.]     Obituary* — Anne,  Dowager  Couniesi  qf  Newburgh,    323 


dOi'hew  will  iu  fnture  enjoy  a  dear  jotntnre 
of  £5.000  per  aonuin,  fully  provided  for, 
and  tbo  preMtit  duke,  remark ub I  e  for  hU 
btiilneM  bnbits,  must,  pre  long,  he  in 
poKMsioo  of  &D  incoioe  rolculutetl  to  sup- 
port his  dukedom*  independently  of  solidly- 
b«««d  'espeotfltionff*  from  other  quarters. 
Ai  opitiiuiut  opposite  to  these  fiicts  bav^e 
been  very  geuendly  eiit«rt«iiucd,  it  i*  only 
fiiir  to  the  memory  of  the  late  duke  that 
thif  jrtatenunt  nho^ld  go  abroad  ;  and  we 
are  Dot  exoeediug  Ihe  truth  when  we  «iiy 
that  at  ibii  moment  he  might  have  ilmrcd 
with  Loini  Derby,  either  on  ecjunl  teruia, 
or  At  leiMt  nil  terms  second  to  him  ulime, 
the  lead  tif  Ihe  Connervative  party,  if  it 
had  not  Ixx^n  for  the  complicated  mU* 
fbrtuucB  which  threw  a  clood  over  the 
Mtatca  of  princely  Stowe,  und  to  meet 
whicli  bb  (trace  h^aa  forced  to  allow  that 
splendid  palace,  In  whieb  he  had  enter- 
tuHied  royalty,  to  be  diEmautlod,  and  ita 
oonteDta  brought  to  the  hammer." 


The  Eabl  of  Traquaib* 
Aiiff.  2.     At  Tmiuair -house,   Peoblca- 
•hire,  aged  80,  the  Right  Hon.  the  Earl 
of  Tmquair. 

The  decaaaad,  who  waa  bom  March  20, 
1776,  waa  Charlea  Siiiart,  only  «on  of 
Churks,  seventh  and  late  Earl,  aniJ  was 
boru  January  31,  1781.  He  luccetidiMi  to 
the  title  on  the  death  of  bb  father,  October 
I'li  1827.  He  waa  the  owoer  of  large 
estates  in  Peeblesshire,  wbeiv  the  family 
have  been  seated  since  M02,  wh.*n  the 
bartiny  of  Traquair  wim  conferred  on  them 
by  James  IV.  The  father  of  the  original 
grantee  waa  James  Stuart,  second  son  of 
Sir  Jamea  8tuart,  the  Black  Knight  of 
Lorrit  by  Jean,  Qneen  Dowager  of  King 
James  I.  of  8cothuid  i  the  mother  of  the 
grantee  waa  a  daughter  of  the  honse  of 
Murray,  of  Philiphaugh,  but  as  he  waa 
bom  in  wedlock,  he  waa  obliged  to 
I  a  fihartar  of  h-gitimacj.  His  great- 
ai-grandaon  waa  raised  to  the  peerage 
as  Lord  Stuart,  in  16:^  and  Ave  years 
Jat^r  wa<  crvaied  Lord  LintoD  and  £ar]  of 
Troqunir.  Tliis  nobleman,  according  to 
Sir  Bernard  Burke,  was  constituted  Lord 
Treasurer  Deputy  of  SootUnd,  by  Charles 
I.,  and  when  the  king  wba  afterwards  con- 
flood  in  Carisbrook  Castle,  he  raided  a 
liiguiiait  of  horse  for  hia  service,  but  fell, 
l<Htfbii'  with  his  ton.  Lord  Linton,  into 


the  hands  of  the  rebels  at  l*re<iton,  and 
was  committi^d  to  prison  at  Warwick 
Castle,  wheru  he  remained  for  four  yciirs  j 
when  roleascii  from  duriince,  he  returned 
home  and  died  in  poverty.  As  the  late 
Earl  was  never  married,  the  estate  paasea 
to  his  Lordship's  sister,  Lady  Louisa 
Stuart.  The  family  of  Traquuir  is  one  of 
the  few  ancient  Scottish  houses  that  have 
adhered  without  interrnission  to  the  Ro- 
man Catliolic  religion.  According  to  the 
*'  Scotsman,"  tbe  Ute  Earl  had,  for  many 
yearsv  almost  constantly  resided  in  retire- 
ment, amounting  to  seclusion,  at  Tmquair* 
botise,  which  is  believed  to  bo  one  of  the 
oldest  inhabiti'd  bousoa  in  Scotland .  llie 
magnificent  avenue  k-adiug  to  the  house 
remained  entirely  grass-grown  and  onustid 
after  the  death  of  the  Earl's  father,  the 
late  peer  having  made  a  resolution  never 
to  pass  through  it  after  tt  had  been 
traversed  by  the  funeral  prooesaion.  The 
great  staircase  ond  entrance  to  the  man- 
sion were,  for  the  same  re^ieon,  kept  re- 
ligionaty  closed.  The  late  Earl,  though  a 
strict  Roman  Catholic^  was,  throughout 
life,  a  strong  supporter  of  the  Conservative 
party  in  politics.  H  e  bore  the  character  of 
a  good  hmdlord,  and  took  much  interest, 
eitpecially  of  late  yeara,  in  the  moral  and 
roaterial  improvement  of  the  thriving 
manufacturing  village  and  still  popular 
aud  beauttfnl  wateiing-place  of  Inner* 
lelthen ;  he  was  understood  to  be  anxious 
to  encourage  building  in  its  neighbour* 
bcx>d  by  granting  feus,  hut,  from  some 
cause  or  other^  his  plans  in  that  respect 
were  not  ciirried  out. 


Anns,  Dowa&bb  Couktess  of 

Amf*  A.  At  her  house  at  SUndon, 
8asseit,  aged  98,  Anne,  Dowager  Countess 
of  Xewburgh,  in  the  peurage  of  Scotland* 

The  deoeascd  lady  was  a  daughter  of 
Sir  Thomas  Webb,  Bart.,  and  widow  of 
Anthony  James  RadchlTe,  fourth  Earl 
of  Newburgh,  whom  she  married  June  S0» 
1789,  and  hits  sorvived  for  the  long  period 
of  forty -six  years.  Her  late  husband's 
ancestry  and  name  recal  memories  of  the 
rising  of  1715,  and  of  the  previous  events 
in  1715;  and  the  venerable  lady— herself 


824 


Obituakt. — Tlfte  Bithop  of  Durham. 


[Sept 


grand-niece  of  Anna  Maria,  Conntets  of 
Derventwater — seemed,  amidst  her  family 
traditions  and  relics,  a  living  link  between 
onr  age  and  the  age  of  the  last  of  the 
Stuarts,  with  all  its  touching  and  romantic 
associations. 

The  Hon.  Charles  Radclifie,  younger 
brother  of  James,  third  and  last  Earl  of 
Derwentwater,  after  his  escape  from  New- 
gate (where  he  was  confined  under  sen- 
tence of  death  for  his  share  in  the  rising 
of  1715)  followed  the  fortunes  of  the 
wandering  and  exiled  prince,  but  married, 
after  a  somewhat  romantic  courtship, 
Charlotte  Mary,  only  daughter  and  heiress 
of  Charles  Livingstone,  Earl  of  Newburgh 
in  the  Scottish  peerage,  and  in  her  own 
right  Countess  of  Newburgh  ;  and  surviv- 
ing the  devoted  young  earl  his  brother  for 
thirty  years,  followed  him  to  the  block  on 
Tower-hill,  Dec.  8, 1746.  His  son,  James 
Bartholomew  Radcliffe,  bom  in  the  same 
year  with  Prince  Charles  Edward  (called 
the  Young  Pretender),  became  third  Earl 
of  Newburgh  in  his  mother's  right,  and 
dying  in  1786,  left  Anthony  James  Rad- 
cliffe his  only  son  and  heir,  who  became, 
as  already  stated,  fourth  Earl  of  New- 
burgh, and  died  in  1814. 

The  venerable  lady  his  widow,  whose 
death  we  now  record,  began  her  life  a  few 
months  after  George  III.  commenced  hia 
long  and  eventftil  reign;  she  was  a  girl 
when  Burke  and  Fox  and  Pitt  won  their 
fame  in  English  history,  and  was  the  con- 
temporary of  Johnson  and  Goldsmith  and 
Reynolds,  and  the  friend  of  many  of  the 
celebrities  of  the  court  of  George  III.; 
and  although,  from  the  time  of  the  won- 
derfril  old  Countess  of  Desmond,  there 
have  been  more  remarkable  instances  of 
ladies  who  have  attained  great  length 
of  years,  old  Lady  Newburgh  could  recal 
in  the  reign  of  Queen  Victoria  the  memory 
of  early  friends  who  had  flourished  in  that 
of  Queen  Anne.  Like  the  late  Lord 
Chancellor  Campbell,  she  might  have  con- 
versed with  a  person  who  had  known  a 
witness  of  the  murder  of  Charles  I. ;  and 
the  deceased  lady,  who  was  perhaps  the 
most  aged  member  of  the  aristocracy, 
recals  to  mind  the  venerable  ladies  whom 
Johnson  vbited  —  that  old  Countess  of 


Eglinton  who  survived  her  hnsband  (the 
ninth  earl)  for  fifty-seven  yeara,  and  died 
at  the  age  of  ninety-one,  and  Lady  Mar- 
garet Dalrymple,  Countess  of  Loudoun, 
who  in  her  ninety-fourth  year  sat  at  table 
with  her  guests,  and  died  at  the  age  of 
a  hundred  years.  Lady  Newburgh's  time 
was  not  passed  in  mere  retrospect,  for 
the  natund  kindliness  and  cheerfulnets 
of  her  character  endeared  her  to  her 
friends  and  gave  her  much  enjoyment 
of  her  life.  She  retained  her  mental 
fiiculties  to  the  last,  though  of  late  yean 
very  feeble  in  body,  and  was  happy  in  the 
possession  of  that  which  makes  the  even- 
ing of  life  serene  and  beautiful,  and  throws 
around  its  close  the  hope  of  a  brighter 
morrow. 

The  remains  of  the  deceased  lady  were, 
on  Aug.  16,  laid  in  a  vault  at  the  Catholic 
Chapel  of  St.  Richard,  Chichester,  of  which 
edifice  the  countess  was  the  founder. 
Philip  H.  Howard,  Esq.,  of  Corby  Castle, 
and  Sir  Thomas  Rokewode  Gage,  Bart., 
of  Hengrave  Hall,  are,  we  understand, 
named  executors  to  the  will.  Under  an 
act  of  Parliament,  her  late  husband  en- 
joyed a  rent-charge  of  £2,600  on  the 
entailed  estates  of  the  Radcliffe  family; 
and  by  her  death  the  pension  of  £1,000 
a-year,  to  which  on  his  decease  she  be- 
came entitled,  reverts  to  Greenwich  Hoa- 
pital. 

Among  the  Derwentwater  relies  which 
came  into  Lady  Newburgh's  possession 
was  a  crystal  seal,  now  a  hundred  and 
seventy  years  old,  bearing  the  crest  of  the 
Earls  of  Derwentwater,  which  she  gave 
to  Lady  Dorothy  Leslie. 


The  Bishop  ov  Dubhax. 

Auff,  9.  At  the  Castle,  Bishop  Auckland, 
aged  48,  the  Hon.  and  Right  Rev.  Henry 
Montagu  V illiers.  Lord  Bishop  of  Durham, 
eightieth  occupant  of  that  see,  formerly 
Rector  of  St.  George's,  Bloomsbnry,  and 
Canon  of  St.  Paul's. 

The  deceased  was  the  fifth  son  of  the 
late  Hon.  George  Villiers,  brother  of  the 
late  Earl  of  Clarendon,  by  Theresa,  only 
daughter  of  John,  first  Lord  Boringdon, 
and  sister  of  the  late  Earl  of  Morley,  and 
was  bom  in  London,  on  January  4^  1813. 


I86i .]       The  Bkhop  of  Durham.— Lord  Het^beri  of  Lea.  325 


He  w«g  pilncnted  at  Cbri»t  Church,  Ox- 
font,  wh4fre  he  gmdanted  B,A.  in  1834, 
•nd  pnxxH!ded  ALA.  in  1837.  He  obtiuned 
deAcon^g  orders  in  1830^  hl^  title  bein^ 
Ui6  curacy  of  Deane  in  Lancashire,  and 
in  the   following  year  he  received  fmm 
the    Lord    Chiiucellor    (Cottenham)    the 
Uving  of  Konil worth.     In  18  il,  on  the 
promotion  of  Dr-  T.  V.  Short  to  the  see 
of  Sodor  and  Man,  Mr«  Villiers  succeeded 
himtt&  Tncumbent  of  St.  George's,  Blooms- 
bury,  and  in  IB-t?  he  further  received  a 
omonry  in  St.  Panra,  both  win  eh  prefer- 
ments ho  continned  to  hold  down  to  his 
vleriitioii  to  tbe  EpiseopAl  Bench  in  1856, 
when  he  succeeded  the  lute  Hight  Kev. 
Dr.  Hugh  Perey  In  tbo  see  of  Curlisle. 
He  wa«  translated  to  the  see  of  Durham 
only  Ijwt  year,  on  the  elevation  of  Dr. 
Clmrlet  T.  Longley  to  the  archTepiscopal 
■ee  of  York,  vacated  by  the  death  of  the 
Ute  1>T.  Mu^gTftve.     Dr.  VilUer*  was  well 
known  as  a  hardworking,  parochial  clergy- 
jwiy  b«  WM  admirable,  al»o,  in  the  man- 
•gmeat  of  his  pariih  schools ;  and  thon^h 
eonsidered  unlearned  by  some,  he  was  very 
popnlar  witb  the   Evangelical  section  of 
tbe  Church.     He  was  the  author  of  a  few 
Sermons  and  Lecture^  iucludinf^  a  work 
on  "  Confirmation,**  and  also  of  a  vulnwe  of 
"  Family  I^rayers."  As  Bishop  of  Durhatn, 
lie  eiyoyed   tbe    patronage    of    between 
■eventy  and  eighty  liviugs,  and  the  in- 
oome  of  bis  see  was  £8^)00  a-year.   Bishop 
Tilliera  leaves  one  surviving  sister,  the 
Lady  Theresa  Lewis  (wife  of  Sir  George 
ComewaU  Lewij*.  Bart.,  M.r.),  and  two 
brothers,  the  Earl  of  Clarendon*  K.G  ,  and 
the  Right  Hon.  Clmr1e«  Pelbam  ViUiers, 
M.P»  for  Wolverhampton,  and  late  Judge 
Advocate,  one  of  the  most  eminent  advo- 
cates of  the  repeal  of  the  Com  Laws.  The 
late   blidiop   married,  in  January,  1837, 
Amelia  Maria,  eldest  daughter  of  William 
Hulton,  Esq..  of  Hnlton-park,  Lanca.«btre, 
by  whom  he  has  left  surviving  Issue  two 
■cms   and    four    daughters.       His    eldest 
daugbter  is  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Edward 
Cbease,  Rector  of  Hatighton-le^Skernc,  a 
place  of  preferment,  tbe  receut  bestowal 
of  which  by  the  bisbop  gave  rise  to  a  con- 
troveriy  that  hardly  terminated  with  bis 
death. 


Tbe  family  of  Yilliers,  Esirl  of  Clarendon, 
is  a  younger  branch  of  tiiat  of  the  Earl 
of  Jersey,  (which  claims  descent  from  the 
ancient  Seigneurs  of  Tlsle  Adam,  in  Nor- 
mandy,) being  sprung  from  tbo  Hon. 
Thomaa  Villiers,  a  younger  son  of  the 
first  Ejirl  of  Jersey,  who,  having  married 
Charlotte,  eldest  daughter  of  William, 
third  Earl  of  Essex,  by  bis  wife  Jane^ 
eldest  surviving  daughter  of  Henry  Hyde, 
last  Earl  of  Clarendrjn,  cif  an  earlier  crea- 
tion, was  createtl  Lord  Hyde  in  1756,  and 
having  subsequently  lilltnl  the  posts  of 
Joiut  PosLmaster-General  and  Chancellor 
of  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster,  obtained  in  his 
favour  a  revival  of  the  Earldom  of  Claren- 
don, which  title  liad  been  borne  by  his 
maternal  grimdfather.  This  earldom  de- 
volved on  his  eldest  and  secund  sons  in 
succession,  and  was  inlicrited,  in  Decem- 
ber, 1838,  by  their  nephew,  the  present 
KarL 


Lo£i>  Herbert  op  Lia. 

Aug.  2.  At  WO  ton,  aged  50,  Lord 
Herb*!rt  of  Lea. 

The  deceased,  better  known  as  the 
Right  Hun.  Sidney  Herbert,  having  been 
but  recently  elevated  to  the  pccnige,  was 
the  second  son  of  George  Augustus, 
eleventh  Earl  of  Pembroke,  by  the 
Countess  Catharine,  only  daupbter  of 
Simon,  Connt  Woroozow.  He  was  born 
at  Richmond,  Surrey,  on  the  16th  of 
September,  1810,  and  was  educated  under 
Dr.  Butler,  at  Harrow,  whence  be  prO" 
cecded  to  Oriel  College,  Oxford,  as  a  gen- 
tlemiui-c9ommon«r.  At  Oxford  be  was 
celebrated  as  a  speaker  at  the  'Tniun*' 
—the  debating  society  in  which  Mr. 
Gladstone,  the  Duke  of  Newcastle,  Sir 
Houndell  Palmer,  and  so  many  other  of 
tho  most  promising  of  our  modem  states- 
men have  mode  their  fir»t  efforts  in 
oratory*  He  took  his  B.A.  degree  in 
1331,  witb  an  honorary  fourth  class  in 
lAterit  Eumamoribm,  and  entered  Par- 
liament in  December,  1832,  as  a  Conser- 
vative, as  M.P,  for  tbe  Southern  Division 
of  Wiltsliirc,  which  he  continueil  to  repre- 
sent without  iutermission  until  the  close 
of  last  December,  when  he  accepted  tbe 


326 


Obituaky. — Lord  Herbert  of  Lea. 


[Sept. 


Cbiltern  Hundreds,  ni  a  preparatory  step 
to  being  called  shortly  afterwards  to  the 
Upper  House  of  the  Leijislature.  He  took 
office  under  Sir  Robert  Peel's  second  ad- 
ministration, September,  1841,  as  Secre- 
tary of  the  Admiralty,  and  in  1845  was 
advanced  to  the  post  of  Secretary  of  War, 
which  he  held  until  the  break-up  of  the 
Qovemment  in  the  following  year.  He 
kept  aloof  from  the  party  of  Lord  Derby, 
when  they  came  into  power  early  in  1852, 
but  resumed  his  old  post  as  Secretary  at 
War,  with  a  seat  in  Lord  Aberdeen's 
Coalition  Cabinet,  in  the  following  De- 
cember, and  held  it  at  the  commencement 
of  the  war  with  Russia.  This  war,  as  is 
well  known,  gave  rise  to  much  angry  con- 
troversy as  to  who  should  bear  the  blame 
of  its  many  undeniable  short-comings. 
Mr.  Sidney  Herbert  was  more  particularly 
singled  out  for  attack  by  Mr.  Roebuck 
and  his  partisans,  and  (after  exchanging 
the  War  for  the  Colonial  Department)  he 
withdrew  for  a  while  firom  the  public 
service  in  consequence  of  the  resolutions 
of  the  Sebastopol  Committee.  After  a 
time,  public  opinion  took  a  more  just  direc- 
tion regarding  him  as  well  as  many  others, 
and  at  last  in  June,  1859,  he  returned  to 
the  War  Department  in  succession  to 
Lord  Panmure,  (now  Earl  of  Dalhousie). 
In  that  position  he  more  than  sustained 
his  former  reputation,  and  when  he  retired 
in  July  last,  in  the  hope  of  prolonging  his 
life  by  a  timely  change  and  respite  from 
labours,  the  public  feeling  unanimously  de- 
clared that  his  retirement  would  prove  a 
heavy  loss  to  the  administration  of  which  he 
wasa  leading  member.  His  exertionsduring 
the  last  year  in  increasing  onr  naval  and 
military  resources  in  every  way — in  ships, 
in  guns,  in  ammunition,  and  in  men — are 
too  well  known  to  need  recapitulation. 

He  was  elevated  to  the  honours  of  the 
peerage  early  in  January  last,  by  the  title 
of  Lord  Herbert  of  Lea,  and  took  his  seat 
in  the  House  of  Lords  at  the  opening  of 
the  present  session.  He  was,  perhaps,  one 
of  the  most  generally  popular  members  in 
either  House  of  Parliament,  and  his  per- 
sonal influence  extended  fkr  beyond  the 
ranks  of  the  political  party  to  which  he 
gave  his  adherence. 


On  resigning  office,  early  in  July,  he 
proceeded  to  Spa,  accompanied  by  Lady 
Herbert.  He  suffered  from  a  liver  com- 
plaint, the  result  of  over-work,  and  not 
experiencing  any  relief  he  soon  expressed 
his  anxiety  to  return  home  that  he  might 
die  in  the  bosom  of  his  fiunily.  He  ar- 
rived at  Wilton  on  the  24th  of  Joly,  and 
died  in  little  more  than  a  week  after. 

Lord  Herbert  of  Lea  was  a  depnty- 
Heutenant  for  the  counties  of  Salop  and 
Wilts,  and  also  for  the  county  of  Dublin, 
where  he  owned  a  property,  and  shewed 
himself  an  enterprising  and  improving 
landlord,  and  most  liberal  in  the  treat- 
ment of  his  tenantry.  He  married,  on  the 
12th  of  August,  1846,  Elizabeth,  daugh- 
ter of  General  Ashe  A'Court,  a  lady  who 
became  justly  distinguished  by  her  exer- 
tions in  the  cause  of  the  sick  and  wounded 
soldiers  of  the  Crimean  war;  by  her  he 
leaves  a  fieunily  of  four  sons  and  three 
daughters.  His  eldest  son  is  George  Ro- 
bert Charles  Herbert  (now  second  Lord 
Herbert  of  Lea,  and  heir>presumptive  to  his 
uncle's  earldom),  who  was  bom  July  6th, 
1850.  It  is  remarkable  that  the  kte 
nobleman's  sisters  were  all  married  to 
peers  of  the  realm,  being  respectively  the 
Couutera  of  Clanwilliam,  the  Marchioness 
of  Ailesbury,  the  Countess  of  Dunmor^ 
the  Countess  of  Shelbume,  the  Yisoountess 
De  y  esci,  and  the  Countess  of  Normanton. 

We  quote  from  the  **  Edinburgh  Coo- 
rant"  the  following  tribute  to  the  merits 
of  the  deceased : — 

"  Lord  Herbert,  without  bdng  a  great 
man,  was  an  excellent  specimen  of  a  kind 
of  eminent  man  in  whom  the  English 
aristocracy  has  never  been  deficient.  He 
was  every  inch  a '  Herbert,'  to  begin  with. 
That  family  (whose  earldom  is  fourth  in 

Precedence  among  the  earldoms  of  Eng- 
md)  was  distinguished  as  far  back  as  the 
Wars  of  the  Roses;  but  acquired  in  the 
sixteenth  and  seventeenth  centuries  a  more 
peculiar  distinction  of  its  own  by  its  con- 
nection with  letters  and  art.  Lord  Her- 
bert of  Cherbuxy  and  the  poet  George 
Herbert  belonged  to  it.  Shakespeare  and 
Massinger  were  among  the  friends  and 
protegis  of  the  house ;  and  '  Sidney's 
sister*  was  one  of  their  consorts.  The 
dedication  of  Bishop  Berkeley's  chief  work 
is  but  one  of  their  many  honours;  and 
bversof  architecture,  painting,  and  letters 


1861.]    Obitcary. — Adm.  Sir  Barringion  Reynolds^ 


327 


l»ire  repcmifdly  appeiireii  in  tbeir  line. 
Sidoej  Herbert  wni  not  unworthy  of  auch 
wt  imcettry.  In  perton  be  was  pre-emi- 
iiently  a  gentleman ;  his  oratory  wiis  iu- 
pTemely  elegant  and  praeoful ;  and  be  wa* 
tbormighly  ttccomplishrd  in  all  that  the 
JTvAtf  maAX9t€iioreM  have  to  tench.  It 
WW0  ft  difltiDcUoo  alone  for  a  man  of  his 
large  fortune  to  devote  hia  life  to  real 
work.  And  his  work  was  not  of  the 
omaniental  kiud  only.  He  waa  intimately 
acquainted  with  the  oondition  of  the  nnny, 
fbr  which  he  did  a  great  denl;  und  he 
shewed  a  genuine  seal  in  forwarding  the 
unprovement  of  the  working  chuBeft.'^ 

The  name  of  Sidney  Herljert  will  be 
long  remembered  for  lib  pluliuithropic  ex- 
ertion! in  quartera  far  removed  from  th« 
■phttre  of  political  life,  and  especially  for 
aev^ral  welUconfiidcred  plans  for  bettering 
the  pouditiou  of  the  working  cLnasee  at 
home  by  the  enoouragement  of  emtgration 
to  the  colon ien  on  an  extended  acale — 
ft  pkn  m  which  he  was  ahly  seconded  by 
Ida  excellent  lady.  Lord  Herbert  was  also 
•II  aetHimpUahed  icbolar,  and  a  man  of 
most  redned  taste,  more  especially  in 
painting  and  in  architecture,  as  he  shewed 
in  1843,  when  be  rebuilt,  at  his  sole  ex- 
pense, the  pariah  church  of  Wilton,  nenr 
ihiiiisbory — a  beaatiful  building,  in  the 
BfllfMllifline  or  Lombardic  style,  and  there 
he  was  interred  on  the  9th  of  Auguat,  the 
fiuwnil  being  attended  by  several  of  his 
I  niftltterial  colleagues,  and  the  duy  ob- 
I       Ml  fed  «a  one  of  real  (not  tVintial)  mourn- 

ing  all  over  the  surrotinduig  district. 
\  Tlie  Herbert  family,  represented  by  the 

^^toirl  of  Pembroke,  is  the  elder  branch  of 
^^■iti  ftcm  which  the  Earl  of  Powis  Is 
F  VBteroally  dtscended,  and  from  which  the 
f  Herberts  of  Mucrosa,  oo.  Kerry,  line- 
ally spring.  They  also  number  the  Karl 
of  Carnarvon  among  the  sdoos  of  their 
honourable  bouse,  lite  first  Earl,  a  staunch 
adherent  to  the  House  of  York,  was  made 
Earl  cf  Pembroke  by  Edward  IV.,  but 
was  taken  prisoner  by  the  Lancastrian 
party  and  beheaded  at  Banbury.  His  de- 
■octtdiint,  William  Herbert^  waa  a  Knight 
of  the  Gart«r.  and  married  a  sister  of 
Qoeiii  Catbariao  Parr.  The  wife  of  the 
iteoad  Karl  of  the  new  creation  was 
the  lady  to  «b«>in  Sir  Philip  Sidney  de- 
4l0ftted  his  rumanee  of  *' Aivudia,*'  and 


whose  rirtuee  are  commemorated  by  Ben 
Joneon. 

AuiitEAi.  Sib  BAUsrwoTOir  KinroLus, 
K.C.B. 

Aug.  8.  At  Penair,  near  Truro,  aged 
75,  Admiral  Sir  fiarrington  Reynolds, 
K.C.B. 

The  deceased,  who  was  bom  in  17S5, 
waa  the  son  of  Bear'Admiral  Robert  C. 
Reynolda,    who    was    lost    in    the    '*  8t, 
Gwjrg' ,"  %,  on  returning  home  from  the 
Bnltic  in  December,  1811.     He  entered 
tliQ  navy  us  a  tirat-clmi  vduiiteer  soon 
Vkhi}r  he  hiid  completed  bis  tenth  year,  and 
was  mitishipmau  on  board  the  "  Amnion/* 
36,  when  in  compnny  with  the  •*  Indefati- 
gable," 46,  **  L'Utiitt^"  38,  and  "  La  Vir- 
ginie,"  44,  were  captured.     In  January, 
1707,  he  was  wrecked  and  taken  prisoner 
near  lie  Bits,  at  the  close  of  a  galkut 
action  of  ten  hours  with  "  Les  Droit  a  do 
rilommo,''  74i  also  wrecked.     On  regain- 
ing hU  liberty  in  January  of  the  foUowing 
year  be  was  appointed  to  *'  La  Pom  one," 
in  which  bo  assisted   in  the  capture  of 
**  Le  Cheri,*'  French  privnteer,  of  20  guns. 
He  shortly  afterwards  joined  the  *'  Inde- 
fatigable,"   Capt.    Sir    Edward     Pellew 
(ailerwarda  Lord  Exmoutb),  nuder  whom 
he  served  tn  the  expedition  against  FerroU 
For   hif*  gallantry   in   several   auccesaful 
boat  actions  with  the  enemy  he  waa  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  Lieut.    In  the  boats 
of  the  *'  Diana,*'  on  the  night  of  the  28tlL 
of  March,  18U6,  Lieut.  Uey nolds  captured 
"  Le  N^que,"  of  16  guns,  off  L*Oricnt, 
the  rearmost  of  a  French  squadron,  with- 
out being  dUseovered  by  the  three  French 
fHgates,  her  consorts.    Afterwards  be  pro- 
ceeded to  the  East  Indies,  and  early  in 
1811  he  was  appointed  to  the  command  of 
the  *♦  Hosper,"  18,  part  of  the  force  em- 
ployed in  the  expedition   against  Javft. 
where  he  assisted  at  the  bombardment 
and  storming  of  Fort  Conielis,  and  served 
on  shore  with  a  party  of  senuieu  through- 
out ftll  the  operations.     After  the  reduc- 
tion of  the  town  of  Cheribon  he  was  ap- 
pointed  Commandant,  pro  f^m,^  of  that 
place.     As  a  reward  for  his  diatinguiahcd 
services  in  the  Buhjugi\tion  of  thtit  inland, 
he  was  appointed  to  the  couiuuuid  of  the 


18G1.]      The  Riykt  Hon.  C.  T.  IfEyaCQurt,  F.R.S.,  F.S.A.     329 


the  Bill,  and  Ma  vote  defentett  it,  the 
nuRiben  being —for  the  third  rtnidiiig, 
31 ;  agaiDKt  it,  32.  Two  yoare  nfterwardaj^ 
howerer^  he  got  his  Bill  pussed,  with  an 
alteriLtion  or  two,  in  the  Ifouie  of  Lords, 

Mr,  Tennytoa  t«ok  an  active  part  in 
tbe  cndeavouri  to  diflfranchise  Ka.^t  Ret- 
fbrd  for  I'omtption,  and  to  transfer  it^ 
power  of  returning  two  luemheri  to  Btr- 
niiughain.  To  this  objeet*  in  coH:)pc'ration 
with  Lord  Juhn  Ra-seU,  he  ctintinuHlly 
nrged  the  House.  On  thencci^ftsioii  of  the 
Whig  party  to  power,  in  1830,  he  waa  ap- 
pointtnl  Clerk  of  the  Ordnnnce,  but  re- 
tiriMl  eti'ly  in  1832,  ostensibly  from  ill 
heialtbt  on  which  oernaion  he  wag  mado 
tt  Privy  Councillor.  On  July  23,  1833,  bo 
isoved  for  leave  to  tiring  in  a  Bill  for 
■hortcmng  the  duratioti  of  pHrha'nents, 
which  WMS  oppo6<Ml  by  Lord  John  Rujisell, 
Lord  Morpeth,  and  other  Whigs,  and  wa» 
lo»t  on  a  division  by  213  to  l(>t.  In  Mayi» 
1834,  he  njoved  for  tl»e  repeal  of  the  Sep- 
tennial Act  with  like  ill  §uccess,  the  nuui' 
bera  being — ^for  the  bill,  185;  against  it, 
285.  Hia  opinions  on  religtoug  mattera  at 
thii  time  may  be  judged  of  by  the  re  in  arks 
which  he  made  in  1833  (February  G), 
wbeiijn  a  debate  on  the  addresi  in  answer 
to  the  King'«  speech,  hu  ailuded  to  the 
proposed  ntcusurea  relating  to  Church  re- 
form, obaerving"  that  be  was  "  a  CUnrch- 
man/'  and,  as  aueh,  "  wished  to  support 
the  National  Church]'*  therefore  he  de- 
aired  to  reform  the  Church.  He  thonglit 
"tJiat  whatever  Church  was  established] 
ihottld  be  the  Church  of  the  majority.  The 
Church  of  Kngland  was  just  about  in  a 
majority,  and  no  more  ;  tbi*refore  itihould 
be  more  eomprebenaive,  and  embrace  the 
orthodox  Diifentcrs,"  Ac,  Mr.  D'Eyncourt 
l^ve  his  most  energetic  iupport  in  Parlis- 

lit  to  all  the  mt-aanres  of  the  Libcntlsj 
find  advocated  the  municipal  refonn — Dii- 
rcntcra'  marriagea  —  opening  the  CIdna 
trade — ahotltion  of  Negro  slavery— reduc- 
tion of  siDccnres  and  of  taxes  preaiing  on 
domestic  comforti  and  on  the  springs  of 
indnatry — mitigation  of  military  Bogging 
— ref  »rra  of  crimin<d  law,  ami  diminution 
of  capital  puni«!iwent — reduction  of  duty 
OKI  nvwspiiipers— redaction  of  postage— the 
lepeal  of  the  Corn  and  Navigation  Laws, 
OiKX.  M4d.  Vol.  CCXl. 


Ac.,  &c.  On  the  22nd  Juno,  1853,  his  old 
friends  in  Lnmbcth  presonted  him  with 
a  handsome  testimonial,  in  the  f -rm  of 
a  mag^nilicent  silver  vase,  of  the  viiliie  of 
400  gs.,  at  a  public  dinner;  Lord  Dudley 
Stuart,  M.P.  for  Marylebone,  presiding. 

Mr,  Tennyson  D'Eyn court  nmrried,  Jan. 
1,  1808,  Fr«nce»  Mury,  only  cLikl  of  the 
Rev.  John  llutton,  of  Mortoni,  Lincoln- 
shire, by  whom  be  leaves  surviving  t^tinie 
three  sons  and  tliree  daughters.  Of  tlie 
daughters,  the  eldest,  Julia  Frances,  in 
Ntivemher,  1852,  became  a  nun  j  the 
second,  Clara  Mai  in,  is  married  to  Mr. 
John  Hinde  P-hiier,  Q.C. ;  the  tliird,  Ellen 
KliiSiiheth,  is,  we  believe,  unmarried-  The 
eldest  son,  George  liildcyard,  born  July 
10,  1809,  who  sueceeda  bia  father  at 
Rayons  Manor  and  Ueaelhy,  is  a  C.M.G. 
(Ionian  Islands),  and  is  u  J. P.  and  D.L, 
for  Lincolnshire ;  the  secotid,  Edwin  CIay» 
ton,  bom  July  4, 1813,  is  a  captain  in  th© 
Hoyii]  Navy,  and  was  rccet^tly  married  to 
a  fii«ter  of  the  Duke  of  Newcastle ;  and 
the  thinl,  I^uia  Charles,  bom  July  23, 
1814,  is  a  bam«ter-at-law,  and  metropoli- 
tan  police  matristrate.  Two  other  aona 
died — one  in  18U>,  when  about  eii^ht  day  a 
old;  the  other,  Eustace  Alei.ander,  (born 
March  24,  1816),  at  Barbudoa,  of  )ellow 
fever,  March  9,  1842,  being  then  a  cap- 
tain in  the  4^5tli  Regiment* 

Tlie  Right  Hon.  gentleman  succeeded 
bis  father  in  1835,  and  took  by  Royal 
licenue  in  that  year  the  name  of  D'Eyn- 
court  in  addition  to  that  of  Tenoyson,  "  to 
commcmorat*!  bis  descent  frt>in  the  ancient 
and  noble  family  of  D*Kyn court,  and  his 
rcp''e*ientiition  as  co-hfir  of  the  Earla  of 
Scarsdule  and  the  Barous  D'Eyneourt  of 
button.  He  a1w>  claimed  to  he  descended 
from  the  Prinecaa  Anne,  sister  of  King 
Edward  IV.,  throogh  John  Savage,  Earl 
Rivers. 

Atr.  Tennyson  D'Eyneourt  was  High 
Steward  of  L<nith,  and  n  Magistrate  and 
Deputy -Lieu  ten  lint  for  Lincoln  »h  ire.  He 
was  much  devoted  to  antiquarian  subjects, 
and  was  no  mean  proficient  in  science  and 
literatnre*  In  North  Lincolnshire,  where 
the  deceased  was  hml  know  n  ns  a  country 
gentknian,  he  enjoyed  genend  renpect. 
The  additiona  he  made  to  the  caateilated 
•  1* 


330 


OBiTVAKw—Fafher  Ventura. 


mftittioQ  of  BByotii  Munor  shew  his  iircbi- 
ieciur»l  Usle,  and  a  f^w  yean  o^o  be 
erect«d  nt  hU  own  coit  n  noble  a  lone 
baiidiiigt  dml^p^ed  u  a  K'bool  fur  tlic  sur- 
rooiiduig  district,  and  an  institute  for  tUa 
iiifltnictioii  |fi>iiera11y  of  the  niral  cki^eM. 
In  tbtB  building  the  det-eftied  ^eiitletunn 
himself  deli\>*er(.^l  a  pbilosophicttl  lH:ture 
last  seatou,  wliich  was  cbarficteri«ed  by 
^reat  res«  arch  end  an  intimatij  knowledge 
of  icieutifie  sul  jectB^—Siam/ord  Mercury* 


FiniKB  Ventura. 
Au^,  3.  At  Versailles,  iiged  68,  Father 
Ventura,  a  very  pf>puliir  preacher,  and  an 
author  of  high  reputation. 

"  He  wna  bom  at  Palermo,  in  Sioilr,  in 
1793.  Wlien  only  fifteen  years  old  h« 
entered,  at  the  requeit  of  his  mother,  the 
Jitiuit  Cullego  of  lii«  native  city.  When 
the  botifk*  WAS  fhut  op,  ttie  young;  Ventura 
wai  admitted  nft  a  novice  by  the  T  heat  ins, 
or  regnlan*  of  t  he  Con^egation  of  L»terim. 
He  was,  at  tlie  proper  ago,  arlmitted  tt> 
holy  orders,  anti  devoted  himself  to  preach - 
ing,  particularly  TunerMl  orations,  in  whieb 
he  «ouu  actiuir*'d  reputation.  His  pane- 
gyric on  Pius  VI L  pa&^d  through  twenty 
editions,  and  procured  for  the  preacher 
the  title  of  'the  Italian  Botssnet/  while 
hit  work  entith  d  '  Influence  of  the  Sii- 
teentb  Century*  waa  considered  t^J  he  a 
fitting  companion  to  the  *  Variation^  of 
the  sTt^&i  French  writer.  In  1824  he  was 
elected  General  of  hi«  order.  He  was  ap- 
puinted  tDeniher  of  a  Commission  of  Cen- 
suTihip,  with  OHoU  and  Michura,  who 
afterwards  li>ecame  Cardinals;  and  al«o 
with  Father  Catalan,  better  known  aa 
Gregory  XV^I.  He  obtained  at  the  Hime 
iimtf  the  Chair  of  EceleaiaNtical  Law, 
tiigether  with  the  office  of  Ahnoner  to 
the  Univ*;rstty  o^'  Ilotne.  He  was  em- 
ployed by  Leo  Xll,,  who  had  a  hi^jh 
oiui^ion  of  hi»  t-apacity,  in  negotiating  the 
Conconlat  with  the  Duke  of  Alodena.  He 
brought  alK)ut  a  reconr illation  hc*tween 
the  i  ope  and  Chateau'  riiind,  then  French 
ArahaMudor  to  the  Holy  See ;  and,  tinaUy, 
obtained  from  the  Court  of  Itome  tlte  re- 
cognition of  Loui^  Philippe  aa  King  de 
/artot  though  not  </e  fnre, 

"Hit  w.irk  /  ^'  '"  '  '*"  '  '  ^\ 
pobttiilied  tn  I 

tian  i>r  »ch<.)'a^:     ,.,.:;      ^..\  ..^...n 

bim  smart  attacks  truui  hin  oUI  trietid 
thtJ  .Aht>«  Lainrunaia,  Ventura  noon  a'ter 
qutttcHi  the  PoiittAfMl  C'oy»t,  and  during 
tea  )eus  Uv«d  apmrt  ft\an  puUic  ail'aka. 


devoting  hmiself  to  ihe  fl< 
ture*  and  the  Father*  oi  ' 
1R,'^0  he  ptthlitihi'd  hia  work.  *  1  fu  Oeaufl 
of  the  F«)th,*  In  waa  during  thw  [»erio 
too,  thiit  his  finest  =^ — ^ 
in  the  Church  of   -  \4 

and  SLPetcr'a.     Ji      ,...-. 
HU   five  octavo  volume*.     The  atuauii 
tranquillity  of  hii  life  wai  *x»n  to  l*©  m 
t^rropted,   f'r  the    revolutionary    porii 
waa  at  hand.     He  preachnl   the  fun« 
iermon  of  O'Connell  in  1847.    Hia  IiIk 
opinio uB  save  him   great  intluence  wifl 
the  multitude,  which  wai»  further  inerei«i| 
by  hi*  sermon  ia  honour  of  those  who  i 
dwri n g  the  svege  of  V ictj n a.     In  1 8 tS 
wa*  naimed  hy  the  popular  Ooveriinient  i 
Sicily,  Minister  Pl6ni]»otenttury  »<nd  Cr^q 
niiiisioner  ExLtraordiiiary  to  the  Pontrtia 
Court,  and  he  accepted  the  uit.<4ftou  wife 
the  full  Ha^ent  of  the  Pope.     TliC  noti4 
of  n  confederation  of  the  Itfdinn  Stati 
with  the  Pope  for  President,  was  I 
by  the  KmperorNap'4eon  III.  froral 
Ventura,  but  it  encountered  grealtl 
sition  from  Charlea  Alliert,  who 
ditferent:  viewa. 

*'  Ventura  remained  at  Rome  afler  1 
flight  of  the  Pope,     He  waa  offered 
Presidency  i»f  the  Con^t  '  H-iublJ 

but  declined  the  perilous 
never  believed  in  the  <i 
Eoman  ItepuUic,  but  he  .  i- 
piised  to  th**  attacii  on  Kmiir 
Oudlriot.  He  left  the  city  on  the  4tn 
3d  ay.  ill  id  retired  to  Civita  Vecchia  un<' 
the  protection  of  the  French.  l>e»pNii 
of  **u lightening  the  public  tntnd  on 
real  >tatc  of  Italy,  and  unable  to  ren< 
any  further  service  to  the  Pnpe  or  to  l 
nati^ui^  he  quitttd  It^ily  ^or  France, 
tuik  up  hi*  residence  at  .Montpellier*  H 
he  learnt  with  pain  that  bis  sermon  * 
the  Victims  of  Vienna'  waa  cundemi 
by  the  Congregation  of  tho  Index; 
he  suhmittiHl  neverthdesa,  and  form 
retracted  the  opinions  he  had  advaii^ 
in  that  discourse.  Durimj  his  iday 
Mnntpellier  he  puhlibhed  'Letters  to 
Proteataut  Minister/  with  the  view 
refuting  the  ar guinea ti>  of  a  clergrui 
of  G«fneva  who  eonteutied  that  St.  i\* 
bad  Dever  been  at  Rome*  He  remain 
two  year«  at  Montprllier,  ar»d  pnictii 
preaching  in  the  Frctich  lansfuagr, 
then  came  to  Paris,  where  hia  name 
already  known, 

"  In  his  Parisian  residence  Father  V< 
tura  acquired  cet«*hrity  by  his  ctniterciK 
with  the  ♦nraW*  of  the  OhxervatKry 
the  Institute,  but.  aNif  all,  by  \m 
mons  and  hi»  pubi^attiorif.  For  > 
h<»  drew  cA>wd*  Ui  lh»  chorcb^A  of 


1861.]       Obituary. — Madame  Catherine  Uayes-Bus/inelL        831 


Madeleine  and  St  Loma  d'Antiu  ;  he  also 
preached  tlie  Lent  sermons  in  the  Imperial 
C*bapel  of  the  Tuileries,  The  original  dm- 
meter  of  his  style,  the  eopionsncsg  and 
energy  of  bis  kngtui^^e,  and  hb  hursts  of 
lofty  eloquence,  not  to  speak  of  his  vast 
store  of  theoh^gittil  science,  made  eveu  hit 
most  f&«it idiom  hearers  forget  bis  peculiar 
pronuuciittion  of  the  French  toi]gu«». 

"  The  FHtber  had  ol  late  resided  princi- 
pAlly  at  Veraailles,  as  he  felt  his  health 
raptdly  declining;  and  when  all  h<>pc  wms 
orc'f  he  earnestly  beson^ht  the  benedic- 
tion of  the  Pope.  The  Holy  Father  at 
once  acceded;  and  the  pontihcul  Messing 
reached  hitn  only  two  or  three  days  bvloro 
he  drew  bis  last  hrenth**'^ — Timet. 


Madaxm  CATinratinc  HATSs-BuBHirBLL. 

Av^,  IL  At  Roccles.  Sydenlmm,  the 
residence  of  a  friend,  ag^od  35,  Mad»me 
Catherine  Haves-Rujihnell,  a  very  tidented 
Tocalist  and  amiable  woiimn. 

Catherine  Hayes  was  a  native  of  Lime- 
rick, nnd  was  born  October  29,  1825,  of 
very  htunUe  parcnttigo.  Her  sweet  voice 
early  attracted  the  attention  of  some 
musical  amateurs,  and  bjr  their  kindiaefls 
she  was  in  1839  phtce^l  tinder  tlie  care  of 
Si^or  Sapio,  of  Dublin,  in  who»e  fkinily 
she  rewded  for  three  years,  Ditrio^  this 
mtenral  slie  pnw>ii!^d  unremittingly,  and 
oocamanally  sang  in  public  with  such  suc- 
cess as  to  justify  her  in  gradually  in- 
creasing her  terms  from  five  to  t«n  guineas 
ftrr  «ich  appearance.  The  atttiintnent 
of  proficiency  and  popularity  aa  a  concert 
singer  continued  to  be  the  Buminit  of  her 
ambition^  until  tbe  vi^tit  of  Griai  and 
Mario  to  Dublin  atTorded  her  tlii*  opp«>r» 
tnnity  of  witne*aing  their  performftiice  tu 
tbe  grand  opera  of  Norma,  From  that 
evening  dated  an  ardent  desire  to  excel  in 
tbe  lyric  drama;  c^cry  other  triutuph 
led  poor  and  incomplete  in  com- 
parison ;  and  at  length  ahc  obtaintfd  the 
oonsetit  of  her  friends  to  her  departure 
for  Paris,  where  she  studied  under  Emma- 
Duel  Garcia,  tbe  master  of  Malihran  and 
Jenny  Liud.  At  the  end  of  a  year  and 
»-1mlf  ber  instructor  dismissed  ber,  with 
the  assurance  that  be  could  add  no  far- 
ther charm  to  ber  voice ;  and  by  his 
advice  slie  repaired  to  Milan,  and  ob- 
tained there,  under  the  diroclioii  of 
QCKT.  Maq*  Vol.  CCXX. 


Signor  Felice  Itoncooi,  that  dramatic 
facility  necessary  for  ber  intended  career. 
In  184-5  she  made  a  brilliant  debiit  in  J 
Puritanic  at  the  Marseilles  Opera-house, 
and  after  additional  study,  accepted  an 
engagement  as  prima  donna  at  La  Scala, 
Her  first  appearance  was  in  the  character 
of  Lindn  di  Chamouni ;  and  such  was  the 
furor  of  enthuiiiaam  created  by  ber  singing 
and  acting  (to  which  a  gruceful  and  pre- 
possessing person  added  ft  further  charm), 
thiit  she  was  re -called  twelve  tinrej  before 
the  curtain.  From  Milan  Mrs^  Hayes 
proceeded,  in  1&16,  to  Vienna ;  thence  the 
following  year  to  Venice ;  uinking  a  kind 
of  triumphal  progress  through  the  princi- 
pal Italian  cities.  In  1S49  she  came  to 
London  with  a  h'gh.  continental  repu- 
tation ;  and  experienced  a  most  flattering 
reception  when  she  appeared  (%vitb  Mr* 
Sims  Reeves)  in  Linda  di  Chamouni  at 
the  Koyal  It:iliaii  Opera,  After  two 
years  in  Great  Britain  Miss  HiiycA  went 
to  the  United  States,  visited  Culifornia, 
the  Sandwich  Uluuds,  and  6ub&ec|nently 
Aastralla  and  India.  In  these  distant 
regi&us  tbu  fame  slie  hud  acquired  in 
England  was  turned  to  profitable  account, 
and,  everywhere  *'  triumpbaiit,"  she  real* 
ized  n  handsome  fortyue.  On  her  return  to 
England  she  sang  at  the  concerts  prcj^ided 
over  by  the  late  M*  Jullien  nt  Her  Ma- 
jesty's Tlieatre;  and  since  tbat  period  she 
hits  made  tonrs  in  the  provinces^  e8p<?ci- 
oily  in  Ireland,  where  hor  way  may  he 
said,  without  exaggeration,  to  have  been 
pn\^ed  with  gold  and  strewn  with  flowera. 
bhe  was  married  in  lB*'i7  to  Mr.  Btisbnell^ 
an  American  gentleman,  who  hud  under- 
taken the  superiutcndence  of  her  profeS' 
sional  business  in  the  New  World.  Her 
domestic  happiness  was,  however,  of  very 
short  duration,  as  she  had  for  some  years 
been  a  widow  when  she  was  herself  called 
away,  leaving  iK^biud  her  a  name  alike  re- 
spected in  public  and  in  private.  Her 
world-wide  experiences  of  countries  and 
people  gave  an  inexpressible  charm  to  her 
conversation,  which  would  have  been  in- 
tereating  under  any  cireumstcmees,  while 
ber  manners  always  reumined  sweet  and 
fasdnating^ — quite  unspoiled  hy  the  lifu- 
loDg  adulation  she  luid  received. 
St 


Clergy  Deceased. 


[Sept 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

June  22.  At  the  Misdon-hoiue,  Amritzar, 
North  India,  after  a  ihort  illness,  aged  83,  the 
Bev.  Robert  BraithtcaHe  Batty,  M.A.,  of  the 
Church  Miasionary  Society,  late  Fellow  of  Em- 
manuel College,  Camhridge,  and  elder  son  of  the 
late  LdeQt.-Col.  Batty,  of  Kidgmount-place, 
Ampthill-aqnare. 

July  7.  At  Fallangia,  on  the  Sio  Pongas,  West 
Africa,  aged  60,  the  Bev.  WilUam  Latimer 
Netille,  Superintendent  of  the  West  Indian 
Mission  to  Western  AfHca,  and  formerly  curate 
of  the  Church  of  the  Holy  Trinity,  Brompton. 

July  17.  At  Cartmel-Fell,  Lancashire,  aged  59, 
the  Bev.  Robert  Blaekbum  Oockerton,  Perpetual 
Curate  of  Cartmel-Fell. 

July  19.  At  the  Manor-house,  Iford,  Lewes, 
aged  39,  the  Bev.  Robert  Grafton  Roueter,  M.A. 

July  21.  In  Cecil-street,  Strand,  aged  74,  the 
Bev.  John  Empton,  of  Tokefleet,  Yorkshire.  • 

July  28.  Aged  50,  the  Bev.  J,  Henry  Gooeh, 
M.A.,  for  twenty-one  years  Head  Master  of  the 
Orammar-echool  at  Heath,  Halifax,  and  late 
Incumbent  of  SUinland. 

July  26.  At  Brighton,  aged  41,  the  Bev.  John 
Henry  Toung,  Bector  of  Kirkby  Mallory,  Lei- 
cestershire. 

July  SO.  At  Somerton  Beetory,  Oxfordshire, 
aged  51,  the  Bev.  R.  C.  Clifton,  Bector  of  Somer- 
ton and  Canon  of  Manchester. 

July  81.  At  the  Hall.  Bedale,  aged  70,  the  Bev. 
John  Thomuis  Monton,  Bector  of  Bedale,  and  one 
of  the  chaplains  to  her  Mi^jesty  the  Queen.  He 
was  the  only  son  of  the  late  Hon.  and  Bev. 
Thomas  Monson  (a  younger  son  of  the  second 
and  brother  of  the  third  Lord  Monson)  by  his 
first  wife,  Anne  Shipley,  daughter  of  Joseph 
Green,  eeq.,  who  died  in  1818.  He  was  bom 
July  7, 1791,  and  was  educated  at  Trinity  CoUege, 
Cambridge,  where  he  graduated  B.A.  in  1818, 
and  M.A.  in  1815.  He  married  in  August,  1818, 
Elizabeth  Anne,  daughter  of  the  Bev.  Christopher 
WyviU,  of  Bedale. 

Au0. 1.  At  his  residence,  in  the  Park,  Notting- 
ham, of  fever,  following  acute  bronchitis,  aged  58, 
the  Bev.  Oithbert  Orlebar,  B.A.,  second  son  of 
the  late  BichardOrlebar,  esq.,  of  Hin wick-house, 
Bedfbrdahire,  and  sometime  Vioar  of  Podington, 
in  the  same  eoont  j. 

In  WOtOD-place,  aged  6S,  the  Bev.  John  Hotlier 
Bhpkemmm,  Bcetor  of  Corringham,  Essex. 

Aug.  S.  At  the  Vioarage,  aged  78,  the  Bev. 
Oirtei*,  U.K.,  Bector  and  Vicar  of 
L  and  Incumbent  of  Smallhythe,  Kent. 

At  bis  weMence  at  Sproaghton,  aged  77,  the 
BtT.  TImms  it— rfirf^.  M.A. 

Amg.  4.  Soddenly,  at  Messfng  Vicarage,  aged 
et,  the  Bev.  Th^muu  Henderton,  thirty-four 
jcwa  VIesr  of  that  parish,  and  formeriy  Student 
flf  Christ  Church,  Oxibrd. 

Awf.M.  At  the  Beetory,  Sedleacomh,  Somex, 
1  88,  the  Bev.  John  Prmtt,  Bector  of  the 


U  ChaiHoa-acKt-Woolwieh,  aged  09,  the  Bev. 
«.  MmiHm^  kte  of  QrahaBstowB,   South 


Aug.  8.  At  Honiton,  DevoiMldlr*,  after  a  Mven 
and  protracted  illness,  aged  76,  the  Ven.  JS.  J. 
Burrow,  D.D.,  F.B.8.,  Archdceeon  of  Gibraltar. 
He  was  bom  hi  the  year  1785,  and  educated  at 
Magdalen  College,  Cambridge,  where  he  gradu- 
ated B.A.  in  1805.  and  proceeded  M.A.  in  1808. 
Subsequently,  however,  he  wae  incorporated  as 
a  Member  of  Trinity  College,  Ozfbrd,  where  he 
graduated  B.D.  and  D.D.  in  1610.  He  was  Per- 
petual Curate  of  Bempton,  ToriuMre,  from  1610 
to  1816,  and  Minister  of  the  Chapel  of  Ease  at 
Hampstead  flrom  that  date  till  18S8,  when  he  was 
appointed  Domestic  Chaplain  to  the  late  Biahop 
(Tomline)  of  Winchester.  In  18S5  he  went  to 
GibralUr  as  Civil  Chaplain,  and  was  appointed 
Archdeacon  in  1842.  The  deceased  was  the  author 
of  a  work  on  Conchology,  puhUahed  in  1615; 
and  four  years  later  he  prtiduced  a  work  on  the 
Elgin  Marbles,  with  an  abridged  aocoont  of 
the  history  and  topography  of  Athena.  He  waa 
also  the  author  of  a  theological  work,  in  three 
volumes,  entitled  *'A  Summary  of  Christian 
Faith  and  Practice,"  '*  Hours  of  Devotion,  fhwi 
the  German,*'  fto.  Dr.  Burrow  returned  to  Eng- 
land some  time  since,  and  had  been  Uving,  aa  an 
invalid,  at  Lyme  Begis,  and  at  other  plaees  on 
the  south  coast. 

At  Deal,  aged  52,  the  Bev.  Charlea  O,  ChriHie, 
Incumbent  of  Sideup,  Kent. 

Accidentally  drowned,  the  Bev.  Suteti^  Sow* 
den,  B.A.,  Perpetual  Curate  of  Hebden  Bridge, 
Yorkshire. 

Aug.  9.  At  Bishop  AueUand,  the  Lord  BUhep 
of  Durham.    See  OBrrrAmT. 

Aug.  12.  Aged  77,  the  Bev.  John  IkylorAtUm^ 
M.A.,  Vicar  of  Stradbrooke,  Suffolk. 

Aug.  14.  At  Fryera  Baraet,  Middleeex,  aged 

75,  the  Bev.  Thomat  Blundell,  Vicar  of  Mere, 
Watshire. 

Aug.  17.  At  Heavitree  Vicarage,  Devon,  aged 

76,  the  Bev.  Henry  Woollcombe,  M.A.,  Beetor  of 
Ashbury  and  High  Hampton,  Devon,  and  of 
Pillaton,  ComwalL 

Aug.  19.  At  the  Beetory,  aged  59,  the  Ber. 
JawM*  Mofai  Harington,  M.A.,  Bector  of 
Chalbury,  Dorset. 

At  Ancaster  Vicarage,  i«ed  64,  the  Bev.  Z,  8, 
Warren,  Vicar  of  Aneaster  and  Dorringtoa. 

Aug  21.  At  Glouoester,  the  Bev.  Robert  Ctee- 
mey  Gretr,  Curate  of  St  Mary  de  Crypt. 

DEATHS. 

ABRA270ID  IK  CHBONOLOOICAL  OBDBB. 

Oct.  28, 1860.  At  Bombay,  of  dysentery,  aged 
81,  and  only  two  days  after  his  return  (h>m  a 
short  Tisit  to  England,  fhwi  which  he  had  been 
absent  ten  and  a-hair  years,  Alfted  Vernon,  esq., 
of  Chumbera  and  other  plantations  in  Wynaad, 
East  Indies,  second  surviving  son  of  the  late 
John  Vernon,  esq.,  formerly  of  Basingstoke, 
Hants,  leaving  a  widow  to  whom  he  had  been 
married  but  three  montha. 

Feb.  21.  At  Mj^mre,  of  diolcra,  on  the  march 
fhim  Cumanore,  aged  18,  Eliaabeth  Florence, 
dan.  of  Col.  A.  M.  McCally,  S9th  M.N.I. 

Mmtk  16.  On  beard  the  "Oeoen  Home^"  on 


1861.] 


Obitoary. 


333 


^U  piLSMiro  to  Eni^Uocl  from  Calratta,  Harry, 

nly  Bon  of  ihe  Ente  Capt.  E.  F.  Y.^Po^boii,  R.N. 

March  ftO.   On  baurd  tbe  '♦  L;idy  MelvUle,'*  on 

I  homcwurd  i)a.4«ii(ro,  Henry  l^elly  Hituie,  esq*, 

f  ibe  Inner  Temp  lit  und  Calcutta  bar^ 

,  in  JftfrcA  Iii4l.    In  Now  ZtAlnndi  ag^  27, 

vie*  KiDBi  eMl.f  iHte  of  Cilas  College,  Ciuu> 

eUtwt  poa  of  Mr.  Knowle«   King,   of 

^  ,4firii  37.  Aged  51,  Edward  Gaicoigiie  Cullis- 

ion,  0M|.,  of  Albertcn,  Port  Adelaide.    Ue  repre- 

#ented  Tort  AdcJuide  in  tbe  first  »»Mioo  of  the 

ouUi  AmUraUan  Parliaiuent. 

May  2tl.    At  Allahabiul,  of  cholera,  aged  25, 

orgc«  t^ie  youDge«t  uid  only  lurriviog  Min  of 

I  i&te  Franci»  Oregg,  esq.,  and  Ucutentnt  in 

be  90tb  Foot. 

».  JitfMft.  At  Umballalt,  India,  Geo.  H.  Pre«- 
,  esq.,  Bengal  Civil  Serricei  son  of  the  Lute 
r  O.  H«nr^  FreeJing,  bert.,  of  Connaugbt^pl. 
m.  He  WM  bom  tn  the  year  I»2S, 
r  en  tend  the  East  India  Civil  Service,  Ln  the 
Bengal  Preaideucy,  In  1850,  and  bod  beld,  among 
other  appointmenta,  tbe  po»t«  of  Joint  Magia- 
trate  and  I>e|iutj  Collector  at  Allnbabad,  and 
I»eputor  Collector  at  DclUL  IXe  married,  in 
XB55,  Adelaide  Helen,  dtiu.  of  tbe  late  Major 
~"Iyln«,  of  the  lUb  Light  Dratcoon*.  He  wjuv 
,  sorYiring  brottier  of  Gen.  Sir  Henry  Hill 
bort.,  and  heir-preaomptiTfi  to  tbe 

'  Jmi  9,  At  the  Sunilariiim,  Landoor,  N.W.F., 
ndia,  aged  50,  CoK  Wm.  Hwatman,  late  eom* 
r  HM.  V  IMtb  Regt.  of  Bengal  Fusiliers, 
was  the  eldest  son  of  tbe  lute  W.  Swatman, 
q..  Collector  of  U.M.'#  Cui^tomA  at  Lynn,  was 
educated  at  the  Granimar-ubool  there,  and  in 
It^iT,  on  the  appointment  of  Lord  Wm.  Eentinck 
to  the  GoTemor-GcneraUbip  of  India,  raceivcd 
from  him  a  eadetsbip,  and  joined  tht^  G5lb  Bt>ngnt 
^uLive  Infantry.  It  woui  not  long  bcfcirc  tLwt 
nobtcman  gave  bim  a  staff  appointment  in  tbe 
conuuiaaatlat  department.  He  attained  tbe  rank 
f  Aaais|ant-Comnieaar)'*GeQeml,  and  ohtaineil 
I  majority  in  lB4i.  The  dixMiiiaed  ha4l  only 
ttiim«Ml  to  India  in  Jannary  last. 
•TuAtf  12.  During  Che  parage  from  Caleuttft 
»  England,  aged  45,  Sir  Albert  John  de  Booh«- 
pled  Larpout,  bart.  He  waa  the  elder  of  the 
iMTo  Koiu  of  the  Utc  Sir  Geo.  Gerard  de  Hoebe- 
Lupcnt,  bart,  aome  time  M.P.  for  No|- 
ham  (wlio  waa  raiaed  to  tbe  baronetcy  in 
1,  and  died  in  lB«5)p  by  bSa  first  wile,  Cbor. 
lottf ,  third  dau.  of  William  Craoroft,  esq.,  of  tbe 
Exchequer,  a  member  of  tbe  ftunily  of  Crarroft 
>_<ftf  Hackthamf  Lincoln  hIu re,  and  waa  bom  at  Eoat 
been.  Surrey,  in  IBlu.  He  martied.  In  IftSa, 
ntharine  Lydio,  dau.  of  Capt  L.  M.  Shaw,  of 
Bengal  army,  by  vbom  he  has  left,  vitb 
bcr  iMue,  a  son  and  ioceejaar,  George  Albert, 
|lK>m  in  1810,  now  ard  baronet.  Sir  Goo.  0«ard 
■rpent,  the  first  baronet,  woa  the  yottn^Mt 
I  of  John  Larpent,  esq,,  of  Eaat  Sheen,  who 
<  Steteiary  to  the  Duke  of  Bedford  at  the 
I  of  Pari*  in  1768,  and  alao  to  tbe  Marquis 
'  Hertford  when  Lord  Lientenant  of  Ireland, 
aubaequently  employed  in  wlow  ooi&fl* 


dential  po^Ls  In  tbe  office  of  the  Secretary  of 
State  for  Foreign  AfTulm,  and  held  the  offices 
of  Hocretm^  to  the  Lord  Privy  Seal  and  enaminer 
lUid  licendcr  of  stage  plays.  This  gentleman ^s 
eldest  son  (half -brother  of  the  first  baronet) 
was  Judge^Advocate*General  in  Rpain  under  tbe 
Doke  of  Wellington,  and  afterwards  Chuirmno 
of  the  Board  for  Auditing  tbe  Public  Accounts, 
and  his  "Journal"  while  in  Spain  i^as  given  to 
the  public  some  years  since  by  a  member  of  the 
family.  Another  brother  of  the  first  baronet 
wan  tbe  Baron  de  Hochcpied^  to  whom  that 
foreign  title  was  confirmed  by  royal  licence  in 

June  13.  At  the  Hill-«Hdc.  Malsbar-hiU,  Bom- 
bay, £lir.abeth,  wife  of  Michael  Bob.  Westropp, 
c:f»q. ,  Acting- Advocate-General. 

Juiu  15.  At  Agra,  aged  33,  Jas.  Allan  Currie, 
eaq.,  A.M.,  M.I>.,  Superintendent  of  Vacclnitioa 
for  thie  Iriatnct  of  Agra,  and  Lecturer  on  Surgery 
in  tike  TbomoAoo  College,  Agra.  Uia  detith  woa 
ODcarionedby  cholera,  caught  while  performing 
tbe  extra  dutiefi  of  the  gratuitous  otfioe  he  had 
Booepted  of  Infipector  of  Famine  Kitchens,  sUuato 
In  Tarioiu  parts  of  the  Agra  Dktrict. 

Jwn§  36.  At  Madras,  aged  3fi,  Captain  0.  A. 
Pierce,  Madnu  K.L,  eldest  son  of  the  late  CoL 
Pierce,  Bombay  Artillery. 

Julff  3.  After  a  few  day**  UlncaB,  at  Crellow- 
house,  Stlthiona,  Cornwall,  aged  72,  Capt.  Wm« 
Martin,  during  nearly  fifty  years  of  whkh  bo 
succfiKHfully  filled  the  situation  of  mine-agent 
and  manager  of  extcnidve  mines.  From  boy- 
hood he  shewed  an  anjuoua  desire  to  bv  brought 
up  a  imuer  in  preference  to  any  other  pursuit, 
and  to  be  employed  on  some  kind  of  work  rather 
Iban  gt>ing  to  Acbool^  which  be  left  one  day  and 
went  to  a  mine,  got  work,  ami  then  told  hbi 
parents  wbat  he  bad  done.  He  went  on  slop  by 
atep,  doing  tbe  work  of  a  miner,  including  that 
of  a  barrow-boy  and  tributer.  Wbikt  in  tlio 
former  eapacity,  and  employed  in  the  Trcaav^^ui 
Mine,  in  the  9G  fm.  lev  el,  on  tbe  old  lode,  oon* 
vcnienec  oblige!  bim  to  Teat  his  barrow  at  a 
point  in  tbe  said  level  neax  to  a  winae  sunk  to 
the  no,  which  wa^i  the  deepest  part  of  the  mine, 
and  from  poverty  ibe  mine  waa soon  afler  «topped« 
At  this  pla4^e  he  saw  a  part  of  tbe  lode  on  tha 
south  or  hanging  wall,  which  he  even  then  bo* 
Lieved  to  be  tbe  main  port,  containing  some  rich 
ore ;  and  its  appearance  waa  so  peculiarly  alrik- 
tng  to  him,  that  it  occupied  a  place  in  his  m»*- 
mory  for  many  yearn— indeed,  untU  he  beoame 
fupplicd  with  means  to  prove  tbe  value  of  an 
opinion  imbibed  by  to  young  a  miner.  Aa  a  tri* 
bnter  he  woe  very  successful,  and  this  waa  tbe 
metina  of  bringing  him  to  aee  the  otility  of  tak^ 
ing  up  his  book  and  pen,  whieb  he  did  by  apply- 
ing the  hoan  available  to  that  purpose,  and  for 
a  self-taught  man  he  might  be  called  a  good 
aeholar.  About  the  year  lfil2  be  was  first  ap> 
pointed  captain  of  a  lead  mine  to  the  north  of 
Bodnun,  and  la  1S17  be  applied  for,  and  ob- 
tained, the  aett  of  Tresaveso,  and  wd«  appointed 
the  lord's  agent.  He  commeneed  to  work  on 
a  routh  lode,  which  soon  gave  a  profit;  and 
vh«Bi  the  pro£icr  lim«  quuo  bo  recoauxneadcd 


334 


Obitoakt. 


[Sept 


t]H»  draininf  of  th«  old  mine.  Aftir  grrat  oppo- 
•itloB  he  Meee«ded,  and  nhen  it  wae  effected  be 
at  ooee  adopted  the  eoanie  which  would  ^nyve 
in  the  nharUnl  pofMuble  time  if  what  be  mw  and 
belirred  when  a  barrow-boy  were  correct— it 
prored  ao ;  and  well  waa  it  for  him,  hot  bet- 
ter for  the  adventnrera,  whow  proAtt  were  about 
£MO,noO;  and  best  oT  aU  for  the  lord  of  the 
mine,  who  reeeired  for  daea,  Ac,  vpwarda  at 
£100,000.  The  openinf  «p  of  this  very  rich  mine 
led  to  the  diMorerr  of  Trethellan,  Brewer,  Bar- 
rier, and  Treriiikey  Mine* ;  they  were  all  on  the 
•ame  lode,  and  each  fare  a  great  profit.  He 
diacorered  alao  the  rich  Wheal  Trannack,  near 
HelAton,  and  the  Trewa«aa  Mine,  near  Porth- 
leTen.  In  mining,  and  mstterii  connected  there- 
with, he  po8fiea«ed  exceedingly  good  ideas,  and 
waa  Tery  ready  to  impart  to  any  pemon  tnch 
knowledge  a«  he  potwetned ;  and  hia  liberal  dia- 
poHltion,  rtrict  integrity,  and  toond  jodgment, 
gained  for  him  not  only  the  respect  of  the  rich, 
bat  the  kind  regard  of  the  poor.  He  was  in- 
terred nn  July  7,  and  upwards  of  2,000  persons 
attended  the  funeral.— Jfmm^  Journal. 

July  6.  At  Dinapore,  aged  *4,  after  S8  years* 
serriee  in  India,  Ueut-CoL  John  Minsholl 
Drake,  commanding  Her  Majesty's  10th  Begt.  of 
Bengal  Natire  Infantry,  eldest  son  of  Commis- 
aary-^'ieneral  John  Drake. 

JtUy  7.  On  his  passage  down  the  rirer  from 
AbbeokouU  to  Lagos,  from  ferer,  aged  30,  Capt. 
Arthur  Trefusis  Jones,  Sod  West  India  Regt., 
second  son  of  Lt.-Gen.  Bir  Harry  Jones,  OX.B. 

July  15.  At  Aberdorey,  Worth  Wales,  Frances 
Sarah,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Rer.  J.  White, 
Vicar  of  Bametby-le-Wold,  and  Perpetual  Curate 
of  Melton  Ross,  Lincolnshire. 

July  1ft.  At  Homcastle,  (at  the  house  of  his 
ion-in-law,  Geo.  Giiliat,  esq.),  aged  83,  Edw. 
Betham,  esq.  The  deceased  was  for  upwards 
of  forty  years  surveyor  to  the  Dean  and  Chapter 
of  Lincoln. 

July  19.  CoL  Thomas  Gloster,  (mentioned  at 
p.  21ft,)  was  born  in  MM,  and  entering  the  army 
in  1807,  lerTCd  in  the  PcninsnU  with  the  61st 
Foot  from  October,  1809,  to  the  end  of  the  war 
in  1814.  At  Salamanca  he  was  wounded  in  the 
left  arm,  and  at  Toulouse  through  the  right 
breast,  the  ball  passing  through  the  lungs  and 
out  at  his  back.  He  had  reeeired  the  4rar 
medal,  with  seren  clasps. 

July  20.  At  Llandulass,  Vorth  Wales,  aged  69, 
Major -Gen.  John  Lawrie,  U.M.'s  Madras  Army. 

Aged  60,  flumnna  Mary,  wife  of  the  Rer.  T. 
T.  Penrose,  Vicar  of  Coleby,  near  Lincoln. 

July  21.  At  Black  Rock,  co.  Cork,  aged  41,  the 
Hon.  John  Suchet. 

At  Barclayhills,  Perth,  aged  78,  Mary,  third 
dau.  of  the  late  Thomas  Douglas,  enq.,  of  Gran- 
tham, LincolnNhiro,  relict  of  Lieut-Col.  Robert 
Macdonald,  K.  A.,  late  of  Incbkenneth  and 
Gribun,  N.B. 

At  Devixes,  aged  75,  Mary,  widow  of  the  Rer. 
R.  C.  CaAwall,  Vicar  of  West  Larington,  Wilts. 

In  the  County  Infirmary  at  Cork,  aged  41,  the 
Hon.  John  Touehet.  He  was  the  second  son  of 
the  Right  Hon.  George  John,  nineteenth  Jjord 


Audley,  in  the  pccnge  «f  Engkad,  %y  Asm 

Jane,  eldest  dao.  of  th*  tale  Viee-Adm.  afa>  Boas 
DooeUy.  K.C.B.,  and  wm  bona  5o>r.  8, 18lt.  The 
deceased,  who  was  IbrsMriy  an  oOccr  ia  tke 
army,  and  was  heir-preeomptiTe  to  tke  title  warn 
enjoyed  by  his  elder  brocbcr,  waa  disco wied  in 
a  miserable  lodging  at  Cork,  laboniny  nader  an 
attaefc  of  delirium  tremiena,  only  a  few  days  be^ 
fore  his  death,  and  was  remored  as  aa  nBkaown 
paoperto  the  Infirmary;  lie  was  twm  rceog  nfacd, 
but  he  was  in  too  dingerooa  a  state  to  he  nuved, 
and  in  conaeqnenee  died  there.  He  mnzTied, 
in  September,  1812,  Eliaabetii,  third  dm.  of  &e 
late  John  Henry  Blennerhasaett,  of  eo.  Kerry, 
by  whom  he  has  left  issoe  a  son,  George,  ban 
in  1817,  now  heir-presampciTe  to  the  baroay 
ot  Audley,  and  also  other  children. 

July  i2.  At  her  residence.  Green-park,  Bm- 
treror,  Ireland,  aged  77,  Juliana,  Cdnntcaa  at 
Belmore.  Her  ladyship  was  dao.  of  Heary 
Thomas,  second  Earl  of  Carrfek,  and  mnfkrr  «f 
the  late  Armar,  Earl  of  Behnoce,  aad  mi  the 
Bight  Hon.  Henry  Thomas  Lowry  Corry,  M^. 
for  the  county  of  Tyrone. 

In  Carlton-rood,  Maida-rale,  aged  81,  LieaC- 
Gen.  Joseph  Harris,  of  the  Bengal  Army. 

At  Reading,  aged  80,  Anthony  Gwyn,  esq.,  of 
Barons-hall,  co.  Norfolk. 

Aged  55,  W.  Clark,  esq.,  of  Aekworth,  Poata- 
f^act,  Yorkshire. 

At  Clifton,  aged  23,  Alicia  Conner,  yooagcat 
sorriTing  dau.  of  the  Btrr.  Thomaa  Lathbory, 
Incumbent  of  St.  Simon*s,  Bristol. 

At  SolihuU,  Warwickshire,  aged  63,  FredflKiek 
James  PeroeTsl,  esq. 

After  a  few  days*  illnesa,  aged  »,  Jamea 
Neynoe  Virian  Willyams,  esq.,  a  magistrate  for 
the  county  of  ComwalL  He  was  the  eldest  son  of 
Humphrey  Willyams,  esq.,  J. P.  and  DX.,  of 
Camanton,  Cornwall,  by  Ellen  Frances,  yoongeat 
dau.  of  Col.  Wm.  Brydgea  Neynoe,  of  Castle 
Meynoe,  co.  Sligo,  and  brother  to  Edward  Wm. 
Brydges  Willyams.  esq.,  who  sat  as  M.P.  for 
Truro  in  the  Parliament  at  1857-9.  He  wna  a 
magistrate  for  Cornwall,  and  formerly  held  a 
commission  as  lieutenant  in  the  Royal  Coraiah 
Miners  Artillery.  The  family  of  Willyams  were 
long  attached  to  and  connected  with  the  Anm- 
dells  of  Wardonr  and  of  Lanheme,  with  one  <rf 
which  noble  house  their  ancestor  went  into  Com- 
wsU  about  the  end  of  the  fifteenth  century.— 
London  Review. 

July  23.  At  Tandridge-eonrt,  Godstone,  aged 
69,  Sir  Jas.Cosmo  Melyill,K.C.B.,  whose  name  has 
been  familiar  to  all  who  hare  been  connected  with 
Indian  affairs  during  the  last  thirty  years.  His 
brothers  are  Mr.  PhiUp  Melrill,  late  Military 
Secretary  at  the  Indian  House ;  the  Rer.  Henry 
Melrill,  late  Principal  of  Haileybury  and  Canon 
of  St.  Paul's;  and  Col.  Sir  P.  M.  McItIU.  K.C.B., 
late  Military  Secretary  at  Bombay. 

At  Compton  Greenfield  Rectory,  near  Bristol, 
Jane,  widow  of  Mr.  Serjeant  Ludlow,  of  Almonds- 
bury,  near  Bristol,  aged  77. 

At  Aspley-house,  aged  78,  Frances  Dale,  widow 
of  Col.  C.  Henrey  Smith,  of  Aspley-hoiue,  near 
Wobom,  Bed*. 


1861.] 


TJbitcart. 


835 


At  Bmndsby-biUl,  York,  ft^nl  4^,  CcciUn, 
fldest  dau.  of  the  )»te  Gcrr&rd  Edward  Strick- 
Und,  ceq.f  Lough ffLyn-hou«&,  co.  Hoso^mmon, 
«nd  After  of  iho  present  Mr.  Cbarle«  Strick- 
luid,  of  Loaghglvn,  who  Is  a  cimgutate  for 
00.  RoseommoD,  ftnd  who  rcpre«ent«  a  bnmch  of 
tbe  ttiicleat  Itoman  Catholic  family  of  Strickland 
of  SLxergh,  Lancashire. 

At  hit  rvddeaoc,  Bnuuiriok-«q.,  Cimherwtl), 
aiTLnl  63,  Joha  Jan.  WUJtiiisoni  esq.^  Aooonntast, 
Hou)««  of  Commoiui, 

At   Pljinoutbt   «g«d  68,   Richard   Freeman, 

J»fi/14,  At  Colf'y-park,  Reading,  Catherine, 
ifiife  of  Sir  Thorn  aa  Wath^n  Waller,  bart.  Her 
ladyehkp  was  the  eldest  of  the  thr(^c  daus.  of  the 
Ri'T.  Henry  Wise,  of  the  Priory,  Warwick,  and 
of  Offohnrch,  In  the  aatae  county,  by  Charlotte 
Mary.  daa.  of  Sir  S  tamer  Portcn,  and  aivtcr  of 
Heiiry  Cliri««tophcr  Wiie,  ctq,,  of  Woodeote, 
WaTitickj»hiret  who  is  a  magiBtrate  and  Deputy* 
Lieutenant  for  that  co.,  and  i«  married  tx>  a  tlao. 
of  Sir  Gray  Sklpwith,  bart.  8he  married,  in  Oc- 
tober, iB36,  Sir  Thomas  Wathen  Waller,  aecond 
horoDet,  who  waa  for  many  year*  in  the  Diplo* 
natio  Service,  Ula  onJy  brother,  the  Rct.  Ernest 
Adolpbua  Waller,  ie  married  to  the  youngest 
ilater  of  Uie  deceased  ]»dy.-- London  iEeriW. 

In  OroareDor-^t.,  GroaTcmor-nq.,  aged  SI2, 
EUrabcth,  the  wife  of  Bernard  Pklwrard  Brod- 
haratt  eaq.  Ser  death  woa  the  result  of  her 
dremeaUibing  fire  on  the  preceding  evening. 

Aged  41,  William  Hunt,  e«q>,  of  St,  John's 
CoUege,  Cambridge,  and  St.  John's- wood-terrace, 
London. 

At  Ramagate,  aged  74,  Robert  Denby  Woodl- 
field,  esq.,  of  Connaught-sfi.,  London,  late  In- 
tpector-Oen.  of  H.M.'a  Cnslorai. 

la  Beaoroont-tit.,  Portlnnd-pi.,  £lLiab«thi  re^ 
liBtoTRear-Adm.  WllUani  Finher. 

At  Banff,  l^om  the  elfeeta  of  an  aeetdeot*  aged 
66,  Lieut,  George  Mackay. 

At  Aytesfbrd,  Nova  Heotia,  Charles  Inell9»  eaq., 
M>n  of  the  l»te  Ri||bt  Rct.  John  Inglls,  D.O., 
I-Hi/rd  fVisbop  of  Notu  Scotia.  It  will  be  remem- 
bervi  that,  only  in  our  taut  number,  a correspon- 
dtDt,  Utrongb  error,  reprewnle«l  llie  decease  of 
tbit  genUemaQ  as  having  oocnrrcd  some  time 
preYfoutly,  In  the  United  Statea  of  America, 

Jutjf  25.  In  Bandolpb-road,  Maida-hill  Wcat, 
aged  90,  Amui  Maria,  rallct  of  Cornelius  Tree, 
eaq.,  and  mothvr  of  Mrs.  Quin,  Mrs.  Bradahaw, 
Mra,  Charira  Kean,  and  Mrs.  Chapman, 

At  Sea-view,  Isle  of  Wight,  aged  32,  AUee 
Eliaabeth  Le  Marchant,  dau.  of  Le  Merchant 
Tboinaa,  eaii. 

Jfily  36.  At  Worton-haU,  Islewortb,  aged  31, 
Duleibella  Jane,  wife  of  J.  S.  Bland,  etq, 

Jf*llf  27.  At  his  residenoe,  Upton,  near  Soutb- 
amptiin,  aged  7^,  Uajor-Geo.  John  Swinbame. 

At  Souttuea,  aged  82,  Mary,  widow  of  the 
EeY.  B.  MaaBingberd,  Rector  of  Kettlelhorpe, 
linoulnshire. 

At  doutbampion,  George  Abercromby  Mit- 
olieU,  ceq.«  Member  of  the  Council  of  the  Island 
of  Grenada. 

Very   suddenly,  at  rorUa]id-tir«i   BmttluM^ 


Commander  John  Aldembaw  Bathomt,  K,N,, 
youngc*t  son  of  the  late  Commodore  Walter 
Bathurat,  R.N. 

At  ronlton-cum-Seaeombe,  aged  73f  inniUira 
Cbambres  Chamhres,  e«q. 

At  Upton,  aged  72,  Major-Gen,  John  Swln- 
bnme,  of  the  old  Northumbrian  family  of  that 
name.  Tie  waa  the  eldest  aon  of  Col,  William 
Swinburne,  an  officer  of  dietinctinn  in  the  Ame- 
rican war,  and  waa  bom  at  Folkestone  in  17S6. 
He  entered  the  army  an  ensign  in  1S04.  H« 
aerved  with  the  43rd  regiment  at  tb«  ai^gt  of 
CopenbagvD,  in  1607,  and  in  the  campaign  of 
1806  in  Portugal,  and  waa  wounded  in  the  head 
in  the  retreat  to  Vigo.  He  took  part  also  In  the 
subsequent  eampaigna  in  the  Peninsula  till  1813« 
includlni;  the  action  of  the  Coa,  the  battle  of 
Fuentes  d'Onor,  the  action  of  Sabugal,  the  battle 
of  Busaeo,  the  retreat  to  and  the  occupation  of 
the  line*  of  Torres  Vedraa,  the  snbaeqnent  ad- 
vance in  pursuit  of  Maaaena,  and  the  actions  of 
Pombal  and  Redlnba,  where  be  was  wounded  in 
tbe  hip.  He  Joined  tbe  army  at  Toiiioufle  IQ 
1814,  and  waa  present  in  the  following  year  at 
New  Orleans.  He  subwfiuently  joined  the  Duke 
of  Wellington's  army  at  Brussels,  and  was  pre> 
•ent  al  the  ea|>ture  of  Paris,  where  be  remained 
With,  the  army  of  occupation  until  ISiJi,  Hf*  had 
reoelved  the  war  medal  with  two  clasps  for 
But^uco  and  Fnentes  d'Onor,  He  had  beoome 
a  Colonel  in  1A.H,  and  a  Major-Gcncral  on  tbt 
retired  IJJit  in  1861.  General  Swinbnrne  married, 
in  1824,  Jane,  dau,  of  John  Bttrg«,  e«q,»by  vhotn 
be  boA  left  two  sons  and  two  daughtera, — WlUlanii, 
a  C^immsnder,  Royal  Navy;  John,  a  Captain  In 
the  I8th  Foot ;  Isabel,  married  to  Charlei  Caaile- 
man,  esq.,  of  ^t.  Ives,  Hnnts ;  and  Eleanor, 
married  to  the  Hon.  Henry  Curzon,  son  of  Earl 
Howe, 

Jultf  28.  At  BoJdoran -house,  Dundee,  the  Lady 
Jane  Ogilvy.  Her  ladyship  was  the  I^dy  Jane 
Klixabeth  Howard,  third  ditu  of  Thomas  six- 
teenth tlorl  of  Suifolk,  and  nintb  Earl  of  Berk- 
shire, by  tbe  Hon.  EtlKabetb  Jane  Dutton,  eldest 
dau.  of  Jamefi.  firfit  Lord  Sherborne,  and  lirter, 
consequently,  of  tbe  present  earL  She  was  bom 
in  1800,  and  married,  in  April,  1636,  as  his  se^ 
cond  wife.  Sir  Job  a  Ogilvy,  bart.,  of  Inner- 
quharite,  Forfarahire.  and  of  Baldovan -house, 
who  has  been  M.P.  for  B  tin  dee  since  18^7,  and 
by  whom  she  haa  left  a  youthful  family.  It  waa 
under  her  ladysbip^s  auspices  that,  in  1846,  the 
**  Home*'  was  inanguratcd  at  Dundee  as  an  in- 
stitution for  the  reformation  of  fullen  women. 
A  few  year*  afterwards,  the  Batdoran  Orphanage 
and  Aftjlum  for  Idiot  Children  waa  e«tablished 
Uv  her  exettiont;;  aod  only  so  late  a«  last  year 
the  Convalescent  Hospital  at  Dundee  was  c»ta- 
bliahed  mainly  by  her  infiuonce.  Her  private 
chiulti^,  though  leea  oooipiououa,  were  alio  very 
great.— i/0»n/o»  Rtritvo, 

At  Mar»eilleif,  aged  70,  Admiral  tbe  Hon.  Sir 
Fleetwood  B.  R.  Pdlew,  C.B.,  K,C.1L  He  wai 
the  fteeond  eon  of  tbe  first  Viacount  Exmouth  by 
tbe  scoond  dau,  of  Mr,  Jamea  Frowd,  He  waa 
bom  in  1789.  Entering  the  navy  at  an  early 
tg«,  he  waa  ntgaged  at  the  deatmotioa  off  Um 


OBmrAKT. 


[Scft 


X>atth  Ottval  fiirw  ia  dw  Tadiaii  wm,  arad  am* 
tfao«il  0(i«rv«<ia  the  Ea«t  buUa  lUtiim  till  the 
iwlnetlnn  f^f  Sir  a  :a  D)11,  oipeeiaily  dLiCiaipiiab' 
taMT  Hinuclf  at  Hwaaiiem  ui  dM  Battvia  rnadM, 
and  flftir  :tunaraiir-  ^  U)13  Iw  itm  proniC 
and  aiMwCMl  It  tlus  eapnire  of  a  Pnmdi  aasToy 
in  Pnrt  d*AAaio.  Eb  aBrrcd  fhm  lAlA  to  UIS  on 
tbi*  XMitmraaefln  ^tatUw.  bi  U)5ft  lie  wm  a^ 
yilnUHt  t»  «/vnnuuid  th«  Indian  iCation.  bat  waa 
fpeailM  :n  Ul$4.  and  b«Kame  an  Admiral  of  tbe 
MtM  m  1A.M.  In  rvwAfniCfam  of  hxa  wifLem  be 
wan  ermtMl  a  Oimpanion  of  tiw  Badi  in  IftU, 
and  Sflifbt  ^.omaonder  of  die  Hianoverian 
Coeiphie  Order  in  IK0^  nuaviag  at  die  iiame 
tiaie  die  tuwmir  of  kaiKtittanod.  Re  was  a^ 
pointed  5aT3l  Aide-de-Camp  to  tlie  Qneen  in 
W4^  The  deeeaeftd  wan  twice  aarried^m  UlS 
to  the  only  dan.  of  eke  lata  <Mr  Godfrey  Webaoer, 
whA,  bfMPever,  died  in  IMft,  and  aacendly,  in 
Mil,  to  tke  dan.  of  the  late  Comte  Edooard 
de   Sfelllort,  from  whom,  he  «ae  divareed  in 

At  her  raafdesee,  ^onth-terraee,  Bmmptan, 
Ann,  widow  of  Jamea  Lawther,  €5hi.,  of  the 
Forelfrn  Department  in  die  General  Poet-oOee. 

/e/y  31>.  Rkhard  Plantafenet,  aeeond  Doke  of 
Bor.kirfham  and  Chaadne,  K,0.    Aee  ("iBrrrrAaT. 

At  New-emaa,  of  eoaiHunpflon,  aged  22,  Chae. 
AiMtmther,  yomirMt  son  of  the  late  Thoe.  Wtl. 
hlaaon,  eaq.,  of  FXj '  lodge,  OraTeaend,  and 
fpraadaon  of  the  Hon.  Coiooel  David  Lealie  Aju* 
•tmth^T. 

At  WhitbRim  Wcat  Honae,  eo.  Dnrhaa,  aged 
74,  ioiwph  :4impMMi,  «Mq,,  J.P.  He  waa  the  only 
arm  of  the  laCe  CJharlea  '^impeon,  nq^  of  Sander- 
land  'who  pnrithaiied  Whitbom  >  hooae ; ,  by 
B^tty,  daa.  of  Walter  Farrimond,  evq.,  and  waa 
horn  in  17M.  He  mieeeeded  to  the  property  of 
Wbi:  burn  in  1)^13,  and  had  long  been  in  the  Com- 
miaoion  of  the  ?«aee  for  hv»  aatiTe  eonnty.  By 
hia  wlf^,  Margaret,  dan.  of  John  f  joodehild,  eaq., 
of  Failion,  eo.  Durham,  be  had  iaaoe  a  married 
dan.,  and  alao  foar  wwu.  He  ia  loeeeeded  by 
hie  eldest  «on  Charlea,  barriiiter«at-Uw,  wlu>  waa 
bom  in  1^12,  and  married,  in  IKM,  Matilda  Ger- 
trade,  dan.  of  f;eorge  Rooke,  ea^.,  of  William- 
field,  near  Edinbargh.  Hia  next  aon,  John 
Kyr^,  waa  bom  in  1 A 16.  Hia  third  aon,  who 
wan  In  the  eommiMariat  flerriee,  ia  dead,  and  the 
frmrth  1-t  in  holy  order*. — I»nd«m  H^riew. 

At  Karladale,  Hhropahire,  aged  49,  Frederick 
Jfmf%  Mq.,  of  Lineoln'a-inn,  barriater-at-law. 

i>hft:e»,  wife  of  die  Her.  W.  Brockkbaak, 
Vl«^ar  of  f'dlmore,  HoMiex. 

At  Htjmford,  aged  di,  Franeia  Simp«on,  e«)., 
alderman  of  that  borongh,  and  mayor  In  IM3-4. 
The  deef>aaed,  from  early  manhood,  waa  ex- 
eeedingly  rlever  with  hi«  pencil,  and  hia  Tolome 
of  '*Bitpti«mal  FontN,"  pnbliiibed  apwards  of 
thirty  y^r*  ago,  will  be  an  enduring  memorial 
of  hi«  «kill  ««  a  dratightimian.  Hia  anpabliahed 
drawlngR,  fthJffly  of  local  aobjccta,  are  rery 
nnfoeroii«.  A«  an  amateur  artUt  in  water-colour 
drawing  be  waa  a'«o  Tery  clerer.  At  the  time 
of  hi*  deNth,  Mr.  Wllhlnaon,  of  London,  waa  em- 
ployed in  engrafing  a  view  of  the  magnifleent 
WMt  front  of  CrowkBd  Abbey,  from  a  drnwiag 


by  the  di'i-eim it.  in  wteeh  all  th«  rtsj  a 
dctaiia  at  that 


pmntrtyed.  The  deeaaaed  waa  the  < 
of  the  '.ata  Vr.  Franefa  iimpM»«  who  i 
eOca  of  Xayor  of  itamflarti  m  IBl-k  i 
At  a  meecinir  <tf  die  Stomtfaed  TSown  CoamiL 
i  on  the  6tb  of  Anaoac,  Mr.  OaaviBB  Solan 
nu  elected  xu.  aideniua  to  flU  tha 
'  eaoaad  hw  the  demiae  of  hia  bndiasEi 

At  Bayvwater,  Franeea  Cecilia,  widow  of  Edw. 
Lerear.n-Gower,  Capt.  Bdte  Brinade,  mid  <hn.  of 
die  lace  wnUam  PowaiL  ea^  Watatioa.  Haalik 

JuIglO.  At  Woodbrldge-hinwe.  near  GniM 
tint,  ag*d  SL,  the  Eon.  Edward  Xainwarin^ 
Miainwaxinif  EDerker  Onalow.  He  i 
oki  yoongeat  aon  of  the  Bight  B 
«eond  Earl  of  Onaiow,  by  ArabeOa,  third  ^ 
tor  and  eo-hcir  of  Elms  Mainwarh^r-EIIeshBv 
ewi..  of  Riafay-parfc,  eo.  York,  whoae  nnne  ha 
■aaiimi'il  by  mjml  lieanee.  in  1S43,  an  fnherithiy 
a  larg*  portiaa  of  hia  modier'a  property'' ;  ha 
waa  emiae«|aendy  tamthar  of  the  prmnt  Eaci» 
mad  of  the  late  Hon.  CoL  Thoa.  Oaalcy  Onaiov. 
He  waa  bom  Oet.  Sad,  1779,  waa  cdneated  at 
Harrow,  entered  the  azmy  in  ITVT,  and  hecnan 
Lieatenant.<:olanei  m  the  bd  F'iot  Gvarda  ht 
ISIO,  bat  retired  an  that  rank  at  the  ekae  of  the 
war.  He  Irred  and  died  onmarned.  The  Onalow 
funily  were  aaeiendy  aeatcd  im  Shropahira, 
where  they  enjoyed  extenaiTe  ] 
among  odierm,  the  lonMiip  of  Ondealow, 
within  the  libertiea  of  the  town  of  Shrrwahory. 
flir  Richard  Omdow.  hart.,  afterwarda  first  Lard 
Onalow,  and  (hthcr  of  the  first  Marl  (teaiofw.;  waa 
Speaker  of  die  Honae  of  Commana  in  fir*  aae» 
ee»*iTe  Parliamoits,  occupying  the  cntira  nnga 
of  George  IL— L^adoa  Reviem. 

At  Paris  Emma,  widow  of  Henry  Matthews, 
caq.,  Paiaae  Joatifee  of  the  Sapreme  Conrt  of 
Ceylon. 

At  Tetgnmooth,  Drton,  aged  61,  ChthazJMe* 
relict  of  Captain  C.  W.  GriAth  GriAn,  B.N. 

At  Henley-on-Thamee,  Fanny,  aife  of  Ciiancl 
Oeorge  Talbot,  43ni  Light  Infantry. 

In  Vietoria-at.,  Weatminater,  Williaa  Lemoa 
Wniooghby,  eaq.,  late  Captain  S3rd  Bofal  Weiak 
Foailiera. 

At  hia  residence,  Cheltenham,  aged  7S,  Com- 
mander Thomaa  MitdieO,  R.X. 

Jmljf  n.  At  Eaton,  near  Norwich,  aged  CS, 
Caroline  Elizabeth,  wiie  of  PcCer  Day,  caq., 
aoUcitor. 

At  Fairlleld-cottafe,  Sonniag-hOI,  aged  80t, 
Bobert  Mangles,  eM|.,  of  Sonning-dale. 

At  Haatinga,  Soi^ex,  aged  63,  Elizabeth,  widow 
of  John  Jamea  Lambert,  eaq.,  of  Doreheeter, 
Doraet. 

Aged  61,  Charles  Edward  MacCarthy,  esq.,  of 
the  Bank  of  England,  Leeda. 

.dtt^.  1.  At  the  residence  of  hia  son-in-law, 
Elgin-crescent,  Nottiog-hill,  aged  83,  Philip  John 
Money,  esq.,  a  magistrate  of  the  city  and  coonty 
of  Norwich,  and  late  Captain  in  the  17th  Regi. 

At  hia  reaidenee.  Upper-terrace,  Hampatead- 
beath,  after  a  long  illneaa,  Edward  Magrath,  eaq., 
late  Secretary  of  the  Athencnm,  Pall-Mall, 
F.B.G.8.,  FJ:.8. 


issn 


Obitdabt. 


837 


,       Aaae, 


At  Woriblnir,  m^  SO,  CtuirlM  Hill,  E«q.,  of 
WoUMtoo-hcm«e,  Secucid  Mj^or  of  ihc  North* 
wnptotuhire  MfUlia. 

At  LeyUm,  Emx.  ftg«d  69,  lisbdlft  Maiy. 
widirvr  of  Hid  Htfr.  William  Johnnon  Bodber,  Ute 
Hector  of  St,  Mnry-at-Hill,  Umdon. 

John  Frederiak  Lurj,  esq.,  librariui  of  the 
Hcniae  of  Lord«. 

Auff,  t.  At  Wllton-boiii*,  SfclUbory,  Lord  Her- 
bert of  I^ea.    See  Obitu  abt. 

At  Tnu)aalr-h<niRV«  Peebl«eibiFe,  «g«d  80,  th« 
Right  Bnu.  tbt  Earl  of  Traqiuir.  8ee  Obitvart. 

At  Ctttiterbtirj,  Mr.  Charlei  Frvderiflt  Smart, 
tblrd  son  of  Mr.  Qeorge  Smart,  formerly  a  muKic- 
•ellcr  In  OBford-9tr<^ct»  (who  was  the  founder  of 
the  new  Muflcal  Fuod,]  and  only  Borriving 
brother  of  Sir  George  Thomu  Smart,  tbe  cole- 
bnled  lesuler  and  conipo^r.  Mr.  C.  F.  Smart 
WBS  binwelf  »  fuceca&ful  musiciAHf  and  wai  for 
many  ycari  a  member  of  the  Ancient  Conoerta 
and  the  PhUbarnumic  Society.  Ai  a  teacher  he 
▼na  Tcrj  evjccesafol,  aad  bad  many  of  the  nobi- 
Utj  far  Mb  popili*  Aa  accident  to  hi^  li'ft  bond 
oUlgad  him  to  quit  the  profcanon.  Qo  poMod 
hia  latter  yeart  in  retirement,  and  after  a  lonfr 
and  painful  illnesn  died  on  hb  79th  birthday. 

Auf,  S.  At  Feoair,  Com  vail,  Ag«d  70,  A  dm. 
Blr  Barrlngton  Rejnolde,  G.C.B.  Sec  OmTtrAar. 

At  hl4  midence,  Meliua-pL,  8L  JohnVwuod, 
Bfed  HI,  Qeorg«  White,  eeq..  Deputy  GomimiMary- 
OetienU. 

At  BookTUle,  Hdefluburgb,  aged  78,  Hugh 
lUfiIltti«l»«|.,orCoU* 

At  Harrow  School,  tff«d  15,  WiiUam  Edward, 
jonngeat  aon  of  the  late  Hear-Adnuml  Sir  W* 
£dward  Parry. 

At  the  School-hoiue,  Rmfby,  aged  91,  Caroline, 
widow  of  J  oh  a  Salter,  e*q. 

Aged  ei,  Mr».  Kaoroitb,  widow  of  Darid 
h'a^mith,  eaq.t  the  founder  of  the  London  City 
MiMion,  Country  and  Town  Misaiona,  the  Female 
Aid  So«i«ty,  Monthly  Tnd  Society,  ^e. 

At  Venafllea,  Father  Venton.  See  aatTOART. 

Amf,  4,  At  SUtidoB-lioiwe,  Snatea,  aged  tM, 
Anne,  reliel  of  Anthoiiy  Jasaca,  fourth  Earl  of 

iwhorgb.  BeeOaiTiTAKT. 

Al  hIa  reaidenoe,  in  Cadof^n-pUce,  aged  6S, 
Admiral  Sir  Thooiaii  Herbert,  K.C.B. 

At  Oaprtnge-houAe,  FaTerahacn,  agedliO,  Mary, 
relict  of  Gen.  Sir  Tboo.  Oogt  MontroBor,  KX.H. 

At  Edinburgh,  Mra,  Margaret  Caroline  Llsde- 
aay,  relict  of  Patrick  Orr,  caq.,  W.g.,  and  laat 
larriTlng  «iiter  of  tbe  late  Major-Oen.  Sir  Henry 
Llndnvy  Bethitne,  bart.,  of  kitoooqubor. 

At  Btoke,  near  D«Toopurt,  agpd  76,  Charlotte 
Catharine,  reliot  of  Cboriea  Greavee,  esq.,  of 
Deronport,  who  died  in  1829.  She  woa  tbe  laat 
•urviTing  daughter  of  cbe  late  Robert  Mytiie,  the 
arehlteet  of  Black Criare-bridire. 

At  Brlatoa,  dvrey,  aged  41,  W^illiam  Hewtm, 
elde«t  aon  of  tbe  late  WiUiaoi  HarrioLt,  Vicar  of 
Odihom,  Hanla. 

At  Ncweantle-on-Tyne,  agc4S^l,  WUUam  Loab, 
SeeOuiTrABT. 

Aug.  A.  In  London,  aged  11,  Francln  Ulyaace, 
■on  of  the  Barl  of  Cloamell. 

la  ttobo-M|.,  aff«d  50,  Mi^or-OcBRBl  Ckirlw 


FranklySt  C.B.  He  enters  the  army  In  183S, 
bad  serred  long  in  Indio^  and  much  di»tinguisbcd 
hltnaclf  in  the  recent  canspoign  in  Ovvdjt. 

At  hia  reridenee,  Oaklleld  -  eoiirt,  Ttmbtidfe 
Wella,  aged  S3,  Demetriiui  Greria  Jamea^  eaq. 
He  waa  the  only  eon  of  the  late  Cbarlea  OrcTia« 
e«q.,  {of  the  andent  family  of  Greyee,  or  Grevii^ 
of  Bfoacley-hall,  Worcesterahiiej,  by  £liaabeth« 
daughter  of  Demetrioa  Jamea,  eaq.,  a  colooeJ  in 
the  army,  third  eon  of  Wm.  Jamoa,  eaq.,  of 
Igbt  ham -court,  ion  of  Sir  Demetrioa  Jaaie*,  of 
Ightham,  who  waa  knighted  by  Charlea  II.  Ha 
waa  bom  in  May,  1776,  and  inherited  tbe  eataia 
of  Ightham  on  the  deoth  of  bin  couain,  Richard 
Jomca,  eaq.,  without  Uiaae,  in  li^lT,  whoae  father 
waa  Hlgb  Shrriff  of  Kent  in  17 Si,  and  waa  for 
some  yeoTi  Uiher  of  the  Black  Rod  in  Ireland. 
He  formerly  held  n  oommiasion  in  the  army,  and 
ittw  aonie  active  service  nl  Copenhagen  and  elao- 
vhere  i  be  waa  also  a  magiiitrate  and  Deputy* 
Lieutenant  for  Kent,  for  which  county  he  served 
aa  High  Sheriff  in  18^.  By  hia  wife,  Mary, 
daughter  of  Jamea  Stratt,  eeq.,  olHnmbleton  ia 
Boldemeea,  Yorkihiie,  he  had  toaue  two  aona 
and  acven  dnughteri*  He  i»  auooeeded  by  hit 
eldest  son,  Demetrius  Wyndham^  Mi^or  Sad  FooV 
who  wuj  bom  Ui  \il9.— London  itirlefe. 

At  Holcombe,  near  Teignmontb,  Devan,  aged 
22,  Nicbolaa  Watta*  etq.,  only  ebild  of  the  lata 
Rot.  Nicholas  Watte,  of  Ambrook' houac,  Ipple- 
pc^,  and  grandchild  of  the  Ute  Ber.  Nicholaa 
Watta,  of  ICingitetgntoo. 

At  Southsea,  HnnU.,  aged  M,  wniiam  Henry 
Hilla,  eeq.,  R.N.,  third  «on  of  Captain  John 
Hilla,  R.N.,  of  Douro-place,  KcbHtngton. 

A  up.  7.  At  Morlej-hiill,  Wymundham,  Nor- 
folk* aged  5S,  John  Turner  GraTer-BrowDC,  eaq,, 
J. P.  for  tbe  ooonty  of  Norfolk. 

At  Parii,  Louim  Catherine,  Prinoeae  de  Mont- 
l^art,  dau.  of  the  late  Gen.  Sir  Wnu  Keir  Grant. 

At  Leamington,  Loniia,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late 
KeT.  John  Holt,  Vicar  of  Wnwby-with-Brigg, 
Lincolnihire. 

AtWUburton,  Cambridirefihire,  Bead  Tan#ley, 
youngest  *on  of  the  late  Wm.  Campe,  etq..  High 
Sheriff  of  Cambridgeahire  and  Huntingdonahire. 

Amp,  ft.  At  Woolky-lodga,  Berka,  aged  da, 
Wra.  Lee-Jortin,  eeq. 

At  her  reaidence,  CohhaiiL-pk.,  Surrey,  aged 74^ 
Miaa  Combe. 

At  Khnroae,  N.B,,  i^  33,  Adelaide,  wife  of 
Bicbard  Watt,  e«q.,  of  Hpeke^holl,  Lancaahire. 

At  Vichy,  Franee,  John  Clunea  Roee,  eaq., 
Coniiul  for  the  Ketherlanda  at  Malta. 

In  Cunningham-pi.,  aged  79,  Fn?derick  Huiiell 
Milia,  eaq.,  fonnerly  of  the  Home  UIQce,  eon  of 
tbe  late  liev-.  Thoa.  MiUa,  Vicar  of  Hilljngdcn« 


Auf.  9.  At  Beech  field,  Doneatter,  John  Wm. 
Bturgoft,  e«q.,  i.P,  and  D.L.  for  the  Wc^  Riding. 

At  tbe  bonae  of  Major  Pearce,  Portithead, 
aged  71,  Lady  Whi»h,  relict  of  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir 
W.  S.  Whlah,  K.C  IL.  of  the  Benfral  Artillery, 

At  Poria,  aged  77,  Ann  Amelia  Turing,  dau-  of 
the  late  Sir  Robert  luting,  hart.,  of  Foreran, 
Aberdeenabire. 

At  Kioo,  aged  79,  Vino«nt  NotcUo,  the  emi« 


Obxitaxt.  r^^ 

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fKi£3_  «a^  a:  Axat: ria -luMK.  ■««  a.  J.  "V.  CkvaaC. 

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Lac  «i^   lAer  «  frv  d>T^  iOneai.  X«Aaa»  Ca-  5fnf^ 

nccsv  HsvBi-BwhaciL.    Ster  OerrxLT.  Caibeane.  -vilr  «f  -^r  Bc^.  C  A.  IX 

a:  YiEtfua.f.  a^*^  <^  AjcvrmK  A^rv^orf.  ca^  ttr  nf  ^t.  Masy  n  rW  WaJk.  Oniieb 

Be  m  lirx  a  :f  IL  aa£  -ra  tfar  i.uu«f&  «aK  A2  Fifcy.  aear  Pink,  aif^s  a  i 

<f  at  jaar  T^ena*  At:«MdL  «i^  sdK7  Tort  Hfarr  ^iteL  t^srr  kk  «f  <lc^  Jafes  mC  ;te  Li^ 

X.F.  isr  2£rK3(f^am-  vi*:  «>»£  ix  3MC    Hat  Eaaaicr  Casikec-^ 

■r.t:ur  -rat  Zl^aun^.  &x.  if  Xr.  Vs.  C4z-:kafi.  ^«r-  :>.  Ix  Gimneer-QERaee.  Hjfc  yaiL. 

trassat^teB.  af«d 'L  Lan&.-CcL  Ourie»  &afea,  int  af  tte 

^af .  LL    a;  r-jaiuta,  aft€  5^  G^c  Vb.  Xno:  Atkt. 

FnaM«>tGEJ8STf>.  2.3^.  As  \»  soadan.  T^cxs-tewc  Ckstir  Ttv». 

AS  KtfTttc  arBd  M.  Xctia.  viorv  rf  7*.ft3  »£.  Jafta  T?«rxM!^  SaBsrri^  es^  J  J.  far 

BcyiL  «■(-  J.?,  S-x  tM  o9>cx£T  7f  KcKi  ca£  5ar  f^  eeqaer  :f  Osc^  sai  Xijcr  as  tte  KccseA 

a»  I&crtiB»  tf  tie  Csirac  P:vt».  n£  tXTt  ^x.  Laie  af  H^M.'*  Bcsca:  Asst. 

af  u*  jas:*  Krr.  A:^c&deax  rAcfdrtSM.  Bm-.x^  {f  As  tte  rrmfaw  «f  ^  w  «  aaa.    G.  C 

OsMifaKAHc  aai  Tnr  :f  Gra^cBry,  =l  taa  saae  Ckxrt^fl.  ««q^  SC  Jaacar  T%iv.  Wiirtmlw  Xua- 

eacCT.  chooer.    Axsa   ^*-^''**^    vi&iv  <f  tha  Err. 

At   T4dAM«c-b9w.  Ca=aad*r.  3^.5^  Xj^^ir  Grtrf*Lurac  lBT»g*T  rflf  frag,  ifccka. 

Gfcprr  Pax.  ]sae  g^  H.X.'f  Srs^  B«Tt.  At  ^arbooig,  C&zrc>r4£:L  Ha:»ii*i aa>  C^». 

At  Hcnc-ter.  a^ed  «k  OwiiMVt   *»**w  tR^cr.  afvi  M.  r.~n  C^nEvL  vaAav  af  tka 

BcrCy  BovfaL  B.jr.  Xer.  W^tr  ^ftas^x^  Carry.  X  A. 

AfK  12.  Msm  Kaye.  caq.  <f  t^  Grvt*.  Fxl-  la  HoGea-ie..  OiTfSk±ii&-«|^  i««£  C.  EAnad 

■cr.  Bcaeka.  J.P.  far  t^  cmtsca  :£  XJdd>wx  X?Ktfaeaf?».  nv*  ^ta  cf  dv  H.E.I.C.   C^il 

aad  Back*,  ad  Depcy-Lvst.  ?^  £u^«^  terrace,  Boebar.  itiui^ti  «»  of  ti»  ialr  AreU- 

At   ka«   Kaideace,  n«  Lod^.   Brvc«-f7e«a,  tejd  Xastfvaenr.  ca^  .  cf  Bcteost.  Aynkac 

HaacBCf  iBr±,  af«d  42,  Czat^  Jow^   Paf.  ^af.  3>.  As  Paa«tenc  Beets.  viMrr  ha  koA 

Caao.  «aq.  fc»  ^tx  t^  bneftt  «f  ^s  knCt^  a««A  «L  Jdka 

At  fixMoetttit,  i««d  13.  FTtfa,  vi5t  oTt&e  Err.  QwkcC^  F.B.S..  F-LS,  4c..  Ftcftawg  «f  H»- 

Ky>f?t  C.  Grcar,  Osriae  U  sc  Xa.-y  ^  Oypc  ttMvy  at  t^  Boya!  CftVcv  «€  rwftaB.1  aT  Eb«w 

iat&axcsy.  taiT   m^r  Bin    ■111  rif-li  TlwliiTiaHii  bbi 

Aw§.  11.    At  Lcv«r  Wa:ser.  Ecar,  aftd  C2,  A^f.  21.   Ib  AZkcaarif-ic,  i««tf  «L  tkr  Itov- 

TiOBMk  WzsLui  A'i-*<nn  eiq..F.B.G  sL.  F.G^.,  a«R-  Lady  XMfraTe.  larct  of  the  laa»  Sb  FhiSf 

Irx    aasy    ycara    xzx^^jm^  ia   Ccatral   Ajia,  Xvdifnve,  bart.,  «f  EdnkilZ.  OiBhcrlaai. 

aa4  tata^ar  of  -Travba  im  Scboia  aad  on  &e  .iaf.  22.   At  Baxtom  CxC  Haata.  a««d  Si, 

Aauv^.-  Ftaderiek.  yaaa»»t  toa  af  the  Err.  E.  HalL 

^«f .  14.   .%t  liaia^aqa.  Xostfoaacryihaa,  At  k»  reridMn.  ai  BMh.  i««d  SOL  Ftaaew 

ac«i  4::,  Fraada  Joeaaoa-  «ce(»d  aoa  of  the  lata  Moore.  Sencr  Gcaeral  aTtha  BrtSMh  Araay. 

Jcda  F'«r4.  <Niq  ,  qf  Abbeyf*:d.  Chcahirr,  aad  la  Banaa-et..  Easoa-4q..  afcd  «.  X^or  ChM. 

a  xj^:^?rasc  2:.r  tt«  eocBtiM  of  Chester,  Xoat-  Hnry  Xoatreaor  South.  b)e  of  AackLud.  X«v 

pAuifrr.  ar^  Xcnnaech.  ZeaUcd.  c^deM  ton  of  the  late  liraL-CoL  Jjte 

J«f.  IS.    At  hii  reiiricBce.  GirTraTe-hooae,  ChArtea  Sta&ith.  AMHCaBt-A^iadtaBt-GcwraU  Ath- 

Garf7aT».  a«»4  49,  Jcha  XxboLis  Coolihant,  loaa. 

c«i.,  &  DiP7^Lj«<-.t.  ud  Xa«istnte  for  the  West  ^a^.  381    Is  STawFiopf  if.  Haapatrnd-vattd. 

Brftny  4f  tbe  ematy  .f  T'srk.  aged  M.  Char'jea.  yooafcM  mb  of  the  Ute  X^or 

At  til*  Coart-^cflS^e.  IfhthaaL  EcM,  af«d  IC.  Gcoive  Barton  PhilliiHOO,  H.F.I.C.S, 
CxT'JLait^  rebet  of  Cape  Arthsr  Gregory,  E3(. 

14 


Estfi.] 


339 


IIABLE  OP  MORTALITY  AND  BIRTHS  IN  THE  DISTRICTS  OF  LONDON, 
L  (JFVofli  the  Set  urns  itmsd  by  the  ReffUire^-GeneraL) 

I  DEATHS  REGISTERED. 


1                 1 

Deaths  Id  DiAtriets,  &c.,  in  the  Week 

BUPERINTBirDKKT 

Area       Popula-  ^ 

ending  Sttturduy, 

in 

tioii 

Statute 
Acres 

in 
185L 

JnW 
27, 

Ang. 
3. 

Aug*  1  Aug. 
10,    1    17, 

n 

1861. 

18BL 

186L    186L 

^H            McaQ  Tempemture 

61-1 

Sin 

64-4    '    65*3 

Loudon  .    .     •    .     • 

78029 

2S0d0M 

1207 

1225 

1172     1257 

H      16.  West  Dial  nets    . 

loimj 

1C532riO 

195 

180 

164 

209 

^m    7-11.  North  DntricU  . 

13533 

618181 

238 

301 

221 

,     269 

^■l2<19.  Centnil  Di^tncU 

iy38 

377794 

189 

174 

166 

162 

■  20-25.  Eust  DktricTti     . 

6^0 

570H98 

2G8 

262 

2G8 

268 

^        86-30.  South  DUtrict*  , 

4&542 

773892 

317 

306 

353 

349 

^m    Week  ending 

Dcuths  RepriMtiTed. 

Births  Uegistertd, 

u   £    c5 

5  ^ 

-i 
^  ^ 

%t 

3 

i 

1 

3 

^       Saturday, 

5  >*< 

SI 

SI 

8l 

il 

^ 

a 
^ 

1 

■ 

13 

;3 

3 

45 

^ 

July      27     . 

720 

123 

164 

113 

1207 

926 

878 

1804 

Aug.        3    . 

7  m 

113 

IfiO 

If  16 

33 

1225 

898  ; 

779 

1677 

■ 

652 

119 

im 

158 

37 

1172 

881 

878 

1759 

1 

755 

161 

IMJ 

16!l 

35 

1257 

889 

810 

1699 

PRICE  OF  CORN. 


Atots^  ^    Wlieat. 
of  .Six     >    t,    d, 
Weekft.    I    50    8 
Week  ending  \  ^    3 
Aug.  17.      J 


1    Barley. 

OaU. 

Rye, 

Beans.    1 

a.     rf. 

*.     d. 

#.    d. 

J.    d. 

29  11 

35     7 

37    2 

43     6 

t     30    0     I    25  11      I     37     5     |    42     7      |     37     5 


PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  Auo.  22. 

Hay,  U,  Of.  lo  5^  Of.—  Straw,  IL  4#.  to  1/.  12#.  —  CloTer,  ZL  10*.  to  6f.  0». 

NEW  METROPOLITAN  CATTLE-MARKET. 

To  sink  the  Otlal— j>er  stone  of  8lb«. 


t „ 

^■fottcni 4f.  Sd.  to5f.    Ad. 

^BmI... 4r.  0(/.  to4f.    Hd. 

^■brk 4r.  U.  to  4*.  10^. 

Lamb 5f.  Od.  to  6#.    0^. 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  AV0.  22. 

Boaste, 950 

Shwp ILLHO 

Cttlvea „, ,  455 

Pig*.. 250 


COAL-MARKET,  Ara.  23. 
Est  Wallteod,  per  too,  18<.  3<i.  to  ISt.  9(i.    Other  iorU,  12#.  U.  to  17t«  Oi. 


310 

MREOROLOaiCAL  DIART,  nr  H.  GOULD,  lite  W.  CABT,  181.  9tmAxm. 
linm  Jmljf  24  to  Am§.  21,  i 


nil  iU 

Boob, 

I                                    ThonMawter.  Bvtm. 

Welti 

ber. 

df  Ij.  ill,  *lin.  I 

cloadj,  liir 
fiitr 
do, 

cXtmdjt  fair 
da  cor«t.  imn 


AUS. 

. 

9 

1^ 

16 

67 

11 

m 

It 

71 

13 

66 

14 

m 

IS 

m 

IB 

63 

17 

6^ 

18 

62 

1^ 

63 

20 

58 

£1 

5e 

£3 

53 

^ 

62 

[  63  m, 

62   3f>. 
6S  ^ 

So  $a 

56  30. 
55  l30. 

i  58  'm 


iao^ 


S8  ddjjrravddj. 

IR  fiur.  doodj. 

97  do.  do. 

75  do. 

£6  nia,  fidr 

78  doL  dood  J 
81  Taiii,cldj.  nin 
89  dy.  slgt.  rain 
94do.fiur 
91  fr.ilgt.ni.dy. 
02  do.ddy.hy jn. 
ISi'do.  do. 
ITjido.  do.  rsim 
04  jnun,  doody 


DAILY  PRICE  OP  STOCKS. 


Jal; 


f  nly  ;  3  per 
•ad  <  O  nt. 
Aoff.    CofucoIs. 


24 
25 

26 

27 

29 

80 

81 

A.1 

2 

8 

6 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

12 

13 

U 

15 

16 

17 

19 

20 

21 


8ilf      \ 

89i  90 

89f  90 

89f  90 

90 

90 

90 

JK) 

90 

M0\ 

90 

90^ 

90i 

90i 

90  jl 

90» 

90i 

liOi 

mk 

90* 

901 

90^ 

901 

U()| 

DOf  1 

«U 

91J 


3per 

Cent, 

Reduced. 


89i  } 
891  i 
891  I 
891     i 

89f  90 
89}  90 
89if  90| 
891  90^ 


90 

90  i 

90  i 

90  i 

90i  f 

90i  f 

9011  I 

90*  f 

90i  i 

901  i 

90*  I 

90i  \ 

901  f 

90*  I 

90*  i 

901  * 

903  1* 

91*  I 

911  I 


New 
3peT 
Cents. 


Bank 
Stock. 


229  31 

230  31 
230  32 


89i     } 
891     i 

891     I 
891     I  , 
891  90  I  232 
89*  90    230  32 
90       *     230  32 
89*  90*1  231*  3 


90 

90* 

90 

90* 

90i 

90i 

90* 

90* 

90i 

901 

90* 

90f 

901 

90* 

90* 

901 

90J  1* 

911     I 

91*     f 


234 


233  5 
234i  5 
234*  36 

234  36 
234*  6 
234i  6 
234i 
234  6 
235* 


283  35 


233 

232  34 

233  4 
233     41 
233     5 


Ex.  Bills. 
£1,000. 


10  dis.  par. 
3.  Idis. 
10  dig. 


12. 

3. 
12. 
13. 

8. 


9  dig. 
Idis. 

4  dig. 
Idig. 
IdU. 

8  dig. 
15.    Idig. 

15  dig.  par. 
15.    1  dig. 

4  dig. 

16  dig.  par. 
15  dig.  par. 
15.    Idig. 

2  dig. 
Idig. 

5  dig. 
2  dig. 

14  dig. 
4  dig.  par. 
13.    4  dig. 


12. 
16. 
11. 
14. 


India 
Stock. 


219  21 
219  21 
219 


8.  7  dig. 

10  dig. 

11.  7  dig. 

6dig. 


221 
219  21 


219 


219i 
219  20i 


219i 
219 


219  21 


218  20 

220 

218 


218  20 
219* 
220 
219*  20 


India 
Bocds. 
£1,000. 


India 
Sperccata. 


8.  5  dig. 
10  did. 


10  dig. 

10  dig. 

8.  4  dig. 


4.  3  dig. 


3  dig. 
par. 


ALFRED  WHITMORE, 

Stock  aud  Share  Broker, 

19,  Change  Alley,  London, 
vanms  sr  xsigas.  joair  atxiT  axd  JAXig  rAixaa. 


99* 

99i 

99i 

99i 

99i 

99f 

99i 

99i 

99i 

99i 

99* 

991 

99i 

991 
99f  100 
99*  100 
100 
100* 
lOOf 

loot 

100* 

lOOJ 

101 

101* 

101* 

102f 

102* 


E.C. 


TilK 


GENTLEMAN'S    MAGAZINE 


AKD 


HISTORICAL    REVIEW, 

OCTOBER,  18G1. 


TAQV 


CONTENTS, 

If  INOIt  CORRF.SPONBENCE.— The  Wroxcter  FjteavaUoHB.— Biflliop  ShiittltwoirttiV  B«r- 

inoas.^Mcdid  of  Frederick  the  Grvot.— Ermlum   ...,„....„, » „.„, 843 

^ITosaiM. ,..,.., 813 

Materinlg  for  the  Book  of  Mftptyni , ,. 351 

ArcliaKjlogy  m  Inlimd  ..,., .„ , ,.  357 

Cliur^teristics  of  Old  Church  ArcUitectune,  Ac,  iu  the  Mainland  and  Weatern 

Iftlaods  of  Scotland 35S 

Eestontion  of  Laveiihiim  Church , , ,,..,...  8<i li 

nm  Huteam  formed  during  the  Recent  Archfl^logical  Meetiog  at  Peterborough  365 

;  OEIGIXAL  BOCUMENTS.— Carrcsposdcnco  of  Antony  h.  Wood ».«„«. 370 

AJJTlQUARrAK  AND  LITERARY  INTElXIOENrFR,— British  Archipolotrical  Awioci- 
«tlun»  371 ;  CVmgre«  of  the  ArcUoi'olog'icii]  Iu#tilut«  at  ri'ttrhnrotiifti,  330  ;  Cmnbtitui 
Arcba'ologicttl  At^^ocuitJont  3l>l;  ikiinerfli^UhJre  Archn?olugicali  Sucletyr  u)OQ;  Hurrey 
Ar«hfeologiciil  Booivtv,  406;  BusMfX  ArcliiiioloKical  Sctcicty,  liS;  WilUtiire  Archft- 
okftpioal  aad  NntiiraJ  Uiaiory  Society  ..., , .*.,,«... ,.,        414 

COBRKSPOXDENCK  OF  8YLVANDB  URBAN.-^Reecot  Excaimtlans  In  Deamork.  417; 
Birib-jilace  of  Wyclirte,  412  j  Munuitcs— VandAliAin  at  lioctic»tcT,  433;  '*  Uiforictta 
mid  Witu"— The  Ciuiditeh  .„...„ ,„...„..."...—...«. >,,<..*......».,,..< ,,.        4^^ 

TITE  KOTB-BOOK  OF  SYLVAJCUS  URBAN „„..„,..,„ ».*,.,.....,       425 

lIlSTORirAL  AND  MISCELLANEOUS  REVIEWS. ^F)ial1*g  Pictures  of  Old  England, 
A2%;  Whe\»eirB  I'littoiuc  DiuErjjfuoM  ior  Kntrlish  Rcttdei>,  4:W;  Uichaj:d.*nii*i*  Fiflur 
RetfJMnA— TiJubft'ft  Sotnething:  for  KvcTrbody;  and  FiGurbod  for  tlao  Year— Our  English 
Uontr.  Second  KdiUon,  431 ;  Boha'n  llituilrfited  Library— Qimrlerly  Index  of  Ciuroul 
Literature. .,-...-...., ., »«..„» ...,»... „..♦       432 

APPOINTMENTS,  PBEFERMENTS*  AND  PROMOTIONS „... 432 

BIRTHS   , „..„.       433 

MARRIAGES »..»..» , 434 

OBITUAUY.-TheEATl  of  Mount  Kdjrcnmbe,  459 ;  Earl  FortcMiio,  K.G..  440;  Sir  Francia 
pAlKruve,  K.U.,  441 ;  Vke-Admind  Sir  ThomAH  Herbert,  K.C.H.,  445;  8«JDacl  Ltlf^h 
8t>ihcb)\  E9q.»44ti;  Profes^ur  nt»»kiii9— Wiliium  Lo^h,  Koq.,  44S;  Richard  OoAtlcr, 
Ji»q.,  Irl9;  Tnomiu  BateouU],  E*ii.,  440;  Dou^U*  Soindford,  Kiq 452 

CLERGY  DECEASED « „ 452 

DEATHS  ABJtANGED  IK  CBRONOLOOICAL  ORDER ..„...„„, 45a 

BetEistriT-Ocnerari  Return  of  Mortality  tnd  Blrtht  in  the  MetropoUt— Harkett,  460; 

Meicutological  Diury— Duiiy  Price  ot  ButckA   .,«..« , ^«. .»«,,.       4jQQ 


Br  SYLVAN  US  ITKBAN,  Gkhx, 


MINOR  CORRESPONDEPTCE. 


NOTTCE. — Stltanifs  Ueban  requfjefs  hU  Friends  io  ohwrve  iha4  Itep^Hk,  Corr^ 
fpQndence^  Books  for  Reriew,  annovtncefments  of  Births^  Mnrrim^et,  and  D^aiks,  ^'ff^ 
recthod  ajt^  th«  2Qik  instant,  eannoi  he  aitended  to  until  ihefoUovsing  Month, 


THE  WROXETER  EXCAVATIOXa 

We  are  g-lud  to  be  aMe  to  iumounce 
lliat  the  important  work  of  excnvntton 
has  been  recommonfeil  at  Wroxoter.  A 
bpginnliig  Iiiuh  been  inndo  in  the  Roman 
cemetery,  and  a  monnmentc*!  atone  with 
n  rather  lonj?  inscription  has  l>eon  jnat 
disco veretL  It  l\ji»  not  been  ftiUj  ded- 
phorecl  »i8  yet,  but  it  wouhl  appear  to 
oomni  era  orate  a  soldier  of  the  Second 
Lcfpon,  fiaracd  Flainvniua  T.  Polla,  who 
wa«  forty -five  jeftrsof  age«  and  had  served 
twenty -two  years.  We  expect  to  be  able 
to  lay  a  full  account  of  thin  and  other 
diBCovenea  in  the  Cemetery  before  ova 
nadera,  in  our  next  Number. 

BISHOP  STRTTTLEWORTn'S 
SERMONS. 
M».  UrbaFj —  I  often  take  down  the 
volume  of  Sermons  prenehed  before  the 
Univeniity  (Parker,  Oxford,  8vo.,  1827.) 
by  Bishop  Shottleworth ;  and  every  time 
I  rend  them  I  learn  to  appreciate  more 
adiuiringly  their  sound  sense,  deep  pit'ty, 
awd  far-seeiuf?  sagacity.  When  your  bist 
Number  appf?ared,  containing  the  Bishop's 
Early  Poem  a,  bis  Sermons  were  on  the 
table  before  mc;  and  I  wastnily  g^ratified 
to  see  tbjit  the  name  of  so  good  and  eni- 
nent  a  divine  was  sLill  fresh  in  your  me- 
mory, I  trust  his  Sermons  are  still  read 
t»y  the  pn^scnt  race  of  EngUah  clergy* 
men,  for  I  think  tbey  contain  mneb  that 
wwdd  prove  a  Ta1tktil>le  antidote  to  many 
of  lioth  the  iComaniinng  and  Rationari^tic 
tendeurii-A  of  our  theological  schools.  The 
Bi«lui]t  was  evidently  a  watchful  observer 
id  the  ti^*  of  ilnj  i\m^^  and  saw  from 
efiif  the  «» uinpj  stomu— I  urn.  Ac, 

Yorit  CoysTAyr  Rsadbil 


MEDAL  OP  FRITDERICK  THE 
GREAT. 

Mn.  UfiBAir, — A  branxe  medal  waa  a  few 
diiyu  ago  foitnd  in  a  field  adjoining  Uiia 
plaee^  a  rubbing  of  which  I  euelose,  and 
I  shnll  be  obliged  if  some  one  atnofii^ 
your  correspondents  would  be  so  good 
Bs  to  elucidate  its  htfttory  in  a  fninre 
numljer  of  your  Magaisine.  TIm*  cbittf 
1758  is  very  clear,  and  the  tnscriptiocM 
on  the  obverse  and  reverse  I  huve  made 
out  to  be,  on  the  former  frgdi!  Til  cits  . 
PORXrssOBITM .  BEi,  and  the  latter  RKOijf  A  . 
IK  OK  ATA.  My  conjecture  is,  that  the 
medal  was  struck  by  order  of  Prideridc 
the  Great  after  bis  battles  with  the  Uiis> 
pinna,  and  that  as  be  was  assisted  by  British 
troops,  it  was  given  to  them  in  acknow- 
iGilgmcnt  of  their  services,  and  thus  the 
individual  medal  found  its  way  to  and  was 
lost  at  this  place.  I  should  be  glad  tA 
know  if  the  medal  is  scarce,  and  what  la 
its  supposed  value. — I  am,  kc^ 

ILO.  Wa 
Atiening  Court,  Sfroud, 
J^i.  3, 1861. 

fThe  inscription  no  doubt  should 
BonrssoRXTM.  The  medal  is  not  known 
to  the  authorities  in  the  Coin  room  of  th« 
Biitish  Museum,  and  is  therefore  of  eouiTse 
sciiree.  bnt  the  question  of  its  value  d  m?» 
not  ndmit  of  answer  withoat  an  inspectioiu} 


ERRATUM. 

P.  213.  eol.  2,  for  **Thomaa  Foo^, « 
read  "  Henry  Grant  Foote,  esq." 


Thf  tfmii  prrMJture  on  our  sp^f*  i 
ohlitfes  us  to  d^trr  ^fperal  Bep^rUt  B** 
fitKv  amd  Ohi§umi0it  mkkk  an  im  tjp^ 


THE 


(i^ntUmiin's   |Hitua^int 


Airi> 


niSTOllICAL    REVIEW, 


MOSAICS  •, 
{Continued  fivm  p.  286.) 

Sixth  Cestuby. 

The  Cathedral  of  Parenzo,  in  Islria,  has  been  carefully  described  by  the 
Rev.  J.  M.  Neale,  in  his  **  Notes  on  Dalmatia,  Croatia^  I  stria/'  8tc,,  (I2mo., 
1861,)  and  shewn  by  an  inscription,  combined  with  other  historical  evidence, 
to  have  been  built  by  Bishop  Euphraeius  in  the  time  of  Pope  John  L, 
523 — ^526  ;  il  has  on  the  vault  of  the  apse,  or  tribune,  a  reroarkable 
mosaic,  which  is  evidently  of  the  same  period,  though  repaired  in  eubae- 
quent  times,  as  also  recorded  by  inscriptions.  The  following'  is  his  de- 
scription of  it ;  so  far  as  we  are  aware,  it  had  not  been  described  in  any 
previous  work ; — 

"In  the  middle  of  the  upper  part  of  the  apse,  St. Mary  is  seated  with 
the  Divine  Child,  (represented  as  a  little  man  as  at  Ravenna,  not  as  an 
infant)*  On  each  side  of  her  Ptands  an  angel ;  then  to  her  right  St.  Maurus, 
the  patron  saint ;  next  to  him,  distinguished  by  holding  a  church,  Eii]>hra- 
sius,  the  founder ;  then  Claudius,  the  archdeacon  and  architect,  and  be- 
tween these  two  last  a  child,  Euphrasius,  the  son  of  Clfludius*  8l  Maurus, 
with  these  other  personages,  have  their  names  inscribed  over  them.  The 
rooeaic  is  coarse  but  very  effective.  The  Bishop  KuphraRius  is  represented 
as  a  thill,  tall  man,  with  lean,  dark  face,  and  hollow  cheeks.  The  under- 
clothing of  all  the  figures  is  white.  Euphrasius  and  the  Madonna  have 
over  this  a  reddish  upper  vestment;  Claudius,  a  grey  mantle  with  brown 
border ;  the  little  Euphrasius  a  yellow  mantle,  under  winch  he  appears  to 
be  holding  a  taper.  To  the  left  of  the  Madonna  is  an  angel,  and  beyond 
hira  three  other  saints  without  either  names  or  attributes :  and  over  the 
head  of  the  Mother  of  God,  a  hand  extends  a  laurel -wreath.  ''  Under  the 
feet  of  these  figures  is.  in  four  lines,  the  folbwing  inscription  : — 
'Hoc  fait  imprioiU  templum  qtm^flaate  rmnA 

TerribiliB  kpfo,  tioc  certo  robore  firm  am  i 

Eiigoo  maguoque  carens  tmn  firmn  tnctallo : 

Sed  men  tii  to  tit  urn  pendebant  pntrta  tcctdi : 


■  *•  I^e*  Carrelagcs  EiDaili^    Par  M.  EidUq  Amt%" 
GwfT,  Mag.  Vol.  CCXl. 


(ito.,  Paris,  1850.) 
Tt 


844  Mosaics.  [Oet 

Ut  vidit  fabito  lApsnram  pondere  sedeiii» 
Providos,  et  fidei  feryens  ardore,  saoerdot 
EnphrasiiiB  sanctA  pnecesrit  mente  minam : 
Labentes  melias  redituras  diroit  asdei : 
Fnndamenta  locans  erexit  calmina  templi. 
Qnaa  oemis  nuper  vario  falgere  metallo 
Perficiens  ceptnm  decoravit  munere  mag^o: 
^cclesiam  signaus  vodtavit  nomine  Xsti : 
Congandens  opere  sic  felix  vota  peregit.' 

"The  apse  is  circular  in  the  interior,  hexagonal  on  the  oatside:  the 
round-headed  windows  are  purely  Roman,  a  saint  in  mosaic  under  each. 
The  triumphal  arch  has,  on  its  broad  face,  medallions  with  the  heads  of 
female  saints ;  on  the  Gospel  side,  six,  spelt  thus :  Felicita,  Basiiissa, 
Eugenia,  Cicilia,  Agnes,  Agathe;  on  the  Epistle  side,  Justina,  Susanna* 
Perpetua,  Valeria,  Thekla,  Euphemia ;  while  on  the  vertex  of  the  arch  U 
our  Lord's  monogram,  also  medallioned  and  surrounded  by  acimthus  leaves. 
The  ground  is  dark  brown ;  the  medallions  of  the  saints,  light  blue ;  of  the 
monograms,  gold :  the  vestments  of  the  saints,  white,  and  reddish  grey." 
^(PP.  79—81.) 

Seventh  Cbntubt. 

A.D.  623.  The  church  of  St.  Agnes  at  Rome,  founded  by  Constantine, 
was  rebuilt  by  Pope  Symmachus,  and  adorned  with  mosaics  by  Pope  Hono- 
rius,  A.D.  626 — 638.  On  the  vault  of  the  tribune  are  three  full-sized 
figures :  the  central  one  St.  Agnes,  richly  attired  in  a  Greek  costume  covered 
with  jewels,  and  a  book  in  her  hand ;  a  hand  in  a  cloud  holds  a  jewelled 
crown  over  her  head ;  to  her  right  is  Pope  Honorius,  holding  a  model  of  a 
church,  as  the  builder ;  to  her  left  Pope  Symmachus,  with  a  book :  under 
their  feet  is  a  long  inscription,  in  gold  letters  on  a  blue  ground  of  lapis 
lazuli ;  the  heads  of  the  two  popes  have  been  restored. 

▲.D.  642.  The  oratory  of  St.  Venantius,  adjoining  to  the  baptistery  of  St. 
John  Lateran,  was  adorned  with  mosaics  by  Pope  John  IV.,  a.b.  639—^642. 
Over  the  arch  of  the  tribune  are  the  evangelistic  symbols,  two  on  each  side 
of  a  window,  and  at  the  two  extremities  beyond  other  windows  are  the 
holy  cities;  under  them,  and  on  each  side  of  the  arch,  are  groups  of 
figures;  on  the  north  side,  SS.  Anastasius,  Asterius,  Tatius,  Paulianus; 
on  the  south  side,  SS.  Maurus,  Septimus,  Antiochanus,  Ghdanus.  Most 
of  these  saints  belong  to  the  fifth  century.  On  the  vault  of  the  tribune 
are,  in  the  upper  part,  three  busts  enveloped  in  clouds;  the  central  one  is 
Christ,  the  other  two,  angels  in  the  attitude  of  adoration :  below  these  are  nine 
full-length  figures ;  in  the  centre  St.  Mary,  her  hands  raised  and  extended 
in  the  Oriental  attitude  of  prayer ;  on  her  right  hand,  St.  Paul,  St.  John  the 
Evangelist,  St.  Venantius,  and  Pope  John  IV.,  with  a  model  of  a  church  in 
his  hand ;  on  her  left,  St.  Peter,  St.  John  the  Baptist,  St.  Domnius,  and 
Pope  Theodore. 


fosatcs. 


345 


A.D.  645.  In  the  church  of  St.  Stephen  on  the  Celian  Mount  is  an  altar 
dedicated  to  SS.  Primus  and  Felicianua,  the  place  to  which  their  bodies 
iwere  translated  by  Pope  Theodosius  I„  a,d,  6'12 — 649.  The  vault  ia 
covered  with  mosaics :  in  the  centre,  a  large  jewelled  cross,  on  the  top  of 
which  is  a  round  medallion  with  a  bust  of  Christ,  and  over  it  a  crown  of 
mnrtyrdom  suspended  by  a  haad  from  a  cloud ;  to  the  right  St.  Primus,  to 
the  left  St.  Felicianus. 

A.D.  680.  In  the  church  of  St.  Peter  ad  Vincula  is  a  figure  of  St.  Sebas- 
tian, placed  there  after  the  plag-ue  in  680.  He  is  represented  as  a  voung 
soldier,  with  a  nimbus  round  his  head  and  the  crown  of  martyrdoni  in  his 
hand ;  he  has  short  hair  and  beard,  and  is  habited  in  a  rich  dress,  partly 
concealed  by  a  cloak  fastened  over  the  right  shoulder  by  a  brooch,  or 
fibula,  but  shewing  below  it  trousers  tight  in  the  legs  terminating  at  the 
ancles,  the  feet  in  slippers ;  his  name  is  inscribed  on  the  background. 

A.B,  688.  The  church  of  St.  Euphemia  at  Rome  was  rebuilt  and  orna- 
mented with  mosaics  by  Pope  Sergius  I.,  about  688,  according  to  Anasta- 
aius,  but  even  in  the  time  of  Ciampini  scarcely  a  vestige  of  it  remained,  and 
the  engraving  which  he  gives  of  the  figure  of  St.  Euphemia  ts  avowedly 
copied  from  a  drawing  in  the  Vatican  library ;  it  is  however  a  fair  repre- 
aentation  of  a  figure  of  this  period,  erect,  with  the  arms  extended  in  the 
Oriental  attitude  of  prayer,  and  two  serpents  at  her  feet. 


Eighth  Cektuby. 

A.D.  705.  In  the  sacristy  of  the  church  of  St.  Mary  in  Cosmedin  at  Rome 
is  preserved  a  fragment  of  a  mosaic  of  the  Adoration  of  the  Magi»  erected 
in  705  by  Pope  John  VIL  in  the  Lady-chapel  of  St.  Peter*B,  which  was 
saved  when  the  church  was  rebuilt,  and  carefully  removed  and  restored 
here  in  1639.  Other  fragments  of  the  same  mosaic  are  preserved  in  the 
crypt  of  the  Vatican. 

A.D.  774.  The  mosaics  in  the  church  of  St.  Mark  at  Eome  are  attributed 
to  this  date  by  Ciampini  and  others,  but  are  evidently  of  a  later  period,  and 
probably  part  of  the  work  restored  and  renewed  in  828, 

A.D*  772 — 795.  The  church  of  St.  Theodore  at  Rome  was  erected  by 
Pope  Adrian  I.,  on  the  ruins  of  the  Temple  of  Vesta,  and  has  a  mosaic  on 
the  hemispherical  vault  or  tribune,  behind  the  altar,  which  is  supposed  to 
be  original ;  at  the  top  is  the  hand  of  the  Almighty  holding  a  crown  over 
the  head  of  Christ,  who  is  seated  on  a  globe  and  holds  a  long  cross  in  His 
left  hand.  To  the  right  of  the  figure  of  Christ  is  St.  Paul,  with  the  book 
in  his  hand,  presenting  a  young  man  who  carries  a  crown  on  a  rich  cushion; 
to  the  left  is  St.  Peter  presenting  St.  Theodore, 

A.D.  772 — 791.  The  church  of  St,  Pudentiana  at  Rome  was  founded  by 
Pope  Pius  I,,  in  154,  and  rebuilt  by  Adrian  I.;  the  vault  of  the  tribune  is 
believed  to  be  of  the  latter  date,  and  has  a  mosaic  representing  Christ 
seated  on  a  rich  throne*  holding  a  book  open,  with  the  inscription  '*Dominus 


846  Mmma.  [Oet 

eooscnrator  cedess  Podentiaiue  ;**  in  the  donds  are  the  tfrnbob  cf  the 
Evangelists,  and  behind  the  figure  of  Christ  is  a  krge  jewelled  cnaa  icaC- 
mg  on  a  CalTarr;  to  the  right  and  left  are  half-figves  of  Sc.  Fetcr  mA 
Sc  Paol,  St.  Pndentiana,  Sc  Praxida,  St.  Podens,  and  odwr  sninta. 

A.D.  7d6.  The  choxch  of  SS.  Nerena  and  Adiilleoa  at  Rone  waa  rriiailft 
hj  Pope  Leo  III.,  and  ornamented  with  moaaics,  some  of  which  iCMaio. 
Orer  the  arch  of  the  trihone  is  the  Transfiguration,  the  figure  of  oar  Lord 
with  the  right  band  extended,  in  blessing  or  speaking ;  the  head  haa  a  cir- 
ealar  nimbus,  and  the  whole  bodj  is  sorroondcd  bj  an  oval  nimbiia :  oa 
either  side  are  Moses  and  Elias,  erect,  beyond  them  the  three  apcMtlea, 
Peter,  James,  and  John,  prostrate,  and  at  eadi  end  of  the  picture  an  angel 
addressing  a  female  figure ;  one  of  these  is  dear! j  the  Virgin,  for  ahe  haa 
the  Holy  Infant  in  her  arma;  the  other  is  seated  on  a  throne,  and  ia  aoppoccd 
to  be  also  the  Yirgin.  Oar  Lord  is  represented  in  a  red  tonic,  with  a  while 
paUioro ;  all  the  other  figorea  are  also  in  white  Testments,  and  the  apoatlca 
have  their  heads  bent  down  as  if  to  save  their  eyes  from  the  brilliant  light. 

A.D.  797.  The  chorch  of  St.  Susanna  at  Rome  was  rebailt  fran  the  fom- 
datjoo  and  ornamented  with  mosaics  by  Leo  III.,  hot  almost  entirely  re- 
bailt and  adorned  with  new  pictures  in  1595.  Ciampini  haa  howerer  here 
also  engraved  two  of  the  original  figures  from  drawings  presenred  in  the 
Vatican  library,  and  these  are  the  important  personages.  Pope  Leo  hiasarif 
as  founder,  with  the  model  of  the  church  in  his  hand,—  a  very  hnmUe  one, 
of  oblong  form  with  a  gabled  roof,  as  much  like  a  cottage  as  a  church, — and 
the  Emperor  Charles  the  Great,  in  imperial  costume.  There  is  little  doabt 
that  these  figures  are  of  the  time,  or  fruthful  copies,  from  the  costome  and 
style  of  drawing. 

A.D.  797.  The  celebrated  Triclinium  of  St.  John  Lateran  (originally 
placed  in  a  chamber  of  the  palace  over  a  sofa,  hence  its  name,)  ia  in  £Kt 
modem  work,  a  restoration  of  1740 — 1758,  under  Benedict  XIV.,  but  it  is 
allowed  to  be  a  faithful  copy  of  the  one  erected  by  Pope  Leo  III.  in  798 — 
816 ;  it  covers  the  surface  of  a  modem  tribune  built  to  receive  it,  and  the 
arch  in  front  of  it,  near  the  holy  steps.  The  prindpal  picture  on  the  Tault 
represents  Christ  and  eleven  apostles,  and  the  monogram  of  Leo  over  it ; 
at  the  springing  of  the  arch  on  each  side  is  a  group  of  figures,  one  repre* 
senting  Christ  seated,  with  a  flag  in  His  hand,  and  small  figures  at  His  feet 
of  Pope  Sylvester  and  the  Emperor  Constantine ;  on  the  opposite  side  is 
8t.  Peter  presenting  a  pallium  to  Pope  Leo  III.,  and  the  Emperor  Charles 
the  Great  carrying  a  flag,  with  inscriptions  relating  to  these  events.  The 
figures  have  been  considerably  modernized  in  the  process  of  restoration. 

NnrxH  Cehtubt. 
A.D.  802.  Baronios  in  his  '*  Annals,"  under  the  year  795,  has  preserved 
a  letter  from  Pope  Hadrian  to  Charles  the  Great,  giving  him  permission  to 
remove  any  marble  columns  or  sculpture  from  Bavennay  and  to  take  with 


1861.] 


Motaict. 


847 


htm  any  artistB  in  mosaic ;  and  the  Emperor  19  said  to  htive  availed  liimself 
freely  of  this  permission.  It  is  certain  ibat  his  cathedral  of  Aix-la*ChBpel'e 
was  richly  decorated  with  antique  marbles  and  with  mosaics,  the  principal 
one  of  which,  on  the  vault  of  the  tribune  of  the  choir  behind  the  altar,  is 
engraved  by  Ciampini.  It  represents  Christ  on  His  throne  in  glory,  oa 
a  gold  ground  with  red  stars,  and  at  His  feet  the  Elders  and  their  thrones, 
according  to  the  fourth  chapter  of  the  Book  of  Revelation. 

A,D*  815.  The  church  of  St.  Maria  in  Navicella  (or  in  Dominica)  at  Borne 
was  rebuilt  by  Pope  Paschal  I,»  815 — 824,  and  retains  the  mosaic  on  the 
tribune,  representing  the  Blessed  Virgin  on  a  throne,  with  the  infant  Christ 
represented  as  a  little  man,  surrounded  by  a  group  of  angels  worshipping, 
and  with  a  small  figure  of  Pope  Paschal  at  her  feet,  the  monogram  of  his 
name  over  his  head,  and  an  inscription  under  the  picture  recording  also 
that  he  erected  it.  Over  the  arch  is  a  figure  of  Christ  seated,  with  an  oval 
nimbus  to  the  whole  figure,  an  angel  on  either  side,  and  beyond  these  the 
twelve  apostles.  The  figures  are  all  in  white,  standing  out  tigainst  a  blue 
sky,  and  with  green  earth  under  their  feet,  covered  with  plants  and  red 
flowers  of  a  conventional  foliage.  In  ihe  spnndrela  of  the  arch  are  two  larger 
figures  of  prophets,  each  with  the  right  arm  extended  pointing  to  Christ. 

i.D,  818.  The  church  of  St.  Praxedes  at  Rome  was  rebuilt  from  the 
foundations  by  Pope  Paschal  I.  Over  the  triumphal  arch  is  a  group  of  small 
figures  representing  the  scene  described  in  the  seventh  chapter  of  the  Apo- 
calypse. In  the  centre  is  the  holy  city,  with  Christ  and  the  apostles  within 
the  walls,  and  angels  at  the  gates,  towards  which  a  crowd  of  martyrs  carry- 
ing their  crowns,  and  saints  with  palm-branches  are  approaching ;  these  are 
represented  in  the  costume  of  monks* 

In  the  church  of  SS.  Cosmas  and  Damiatius  is  another  tribune,  with 
a  fine  mosaic  bearing  the  monogram  of  Pope  Paschal,  representing  in  the 
centre  a  tall  figure  of  Christ,  with  SS.  Peter  and  Paul.  St.  Praxedes,  Pope 
Paschal  with  a  model  of  the  church,  St.  Pudentiana,  and  St.  Zeno.  Under 
the  feet  of  these  figures  is  the  river  Jordan,  and  beneath  this  the  thirteen 
iheep,  the  central  one  with  a  nimbus  and  standing  on  a  mound,  with  the 
holy  city  at  the  two  extremities  of  the  picture,  and  under  the  whole  an 
inscription ; — 

"EiriCAT  AtTLA  PIJL'B  VAUnS  DEOOBATA  ICETAtLlS 

PoNTinciB  BirMMi  sTunio  Paschxlib  alfmvi 
Plubima  SAiroTORcnf  suBTia  nxio  hakxia  poxit 
Praxedib  DOMiiro  sitpkb  AITBB^  PLACXHTIS  HONOai 

Sbdis  aposix}ucaj  passim  qui  COEPOILA  OAKDEire 
FBETtrS  UT  aiS  LIKEH  MSIlEATirK  ADiaX  TUASLVU,** 

fSmmtlation. — '*  This  holy  (kbrir,  which  shines  with  varied  1I]etlll(^  was  deconit^  by 
the  care  of  the  sovereign  Pontiff  Puchal :  he  places  audcr  thcso  walls  tltc  bcKlies  of 
•everal  saints,  in  honour  of  Praxedes,  plessing  to  the  Lord  above  the  lieAvens;  he 
who  oceapies  the  npostolical  scat  buries  their  bodies  in  the  certain  hope  of  being 
imiaed  to  hesren  by  their  mentis'* 


1861.] 


Mosaics, 


S40 


[circle  Christ  and  the  apostles,  in  the  inner  one  the  Blessed  Virgin*  with 

the  hrothers  SS,  Novatus  and  Tiniotheas»  and  the  virgins  SS.  Praxedes  and 

Pijdf*nliana,  and  other  female  saints  of  that  lUustnona  family.    The  interior 

of  this  chapel  is  also  omaraented  with  a  series  of  mosaics,  which  are  en- 

l  graved  hy  Ciampini, 

A*i>.  820.  The  chorch  of  St.  Cecilia  in  Home,  heyond  the  Tiber,  was  huilt 

[from  the  foundation  by  PaFchal  I.,  and  restored  by  Clement  VIIL     T^e 

1  mosaic  of  the  tribune  bears  the  monogram  of  Pa&cbal  j  it  represents  figures 

I  of  Christ,  blessing  in  the  Oriental  manner,  with  three  fingers  erect ; — from 

this  and  from  the  vestments,  and  the  style  of  drawing,  it  appeafs  to  have 

been  the  work  of  Byzantine  artists; — to  the  right  of  Christ  are  St.  Paul, 

St.  Agatha,  and   Pope  Paschal  with   the   model ;    to  the   left  3t.  Peter, 

I  St.  Cecilia,  and  a  symbolical  figure  of  the  Church. 

A,D.  828.  The  church  of  St.  Mark,  at  Rome,  was  founded  in  837,  by 
I  Pope  Mark  I.,  rebuilt  by  Hadrian  1.,  and  adorned  with  mosaics  in  774; 
but  entirely  rebuilt  and  again  ornamented  with  mosaics  in  828,  by  Pope 
Gregory  IV.  Nothing  can  be  more  decided  upon  this  point  than  the 
I  words  of  Anastasius  : — **  A  fundamentia  prius  ejecit  et  {mstinodum  novia 
^  fabricis  totam  ad  meliorcm  cultum,  atque  decorum  perduxit,  absidamquc 
'  ipsius  pnenominatoQ  Basilicee  musivo  aureis  superinducto  coloribus  cum 
sarama  gratalatione  depinxit.'*  The  name  of  Gregory  is  also  introduced, 
in  the  form  of  a  monogram,  in  the  border  over  the  principal  figure,  and  the 
I  iiiscription  at  the  foot  is  still  more  decisive: — "  Yasta  tholi  firmo  sistunt  fun- 
ditmine  fulchra,  Gregorius  Marce  exiraio  cai  nomine  quartus."  The  draw- 
ing and  colouring  of  the  figures  is  also  of  the  ninlh  century,  yet  this  mosaic 
18  commonly  attributed  to  the  eighth,  and  by  some  to  the  fourth.  The 
subjects  are, — on  the  vault  of  the  tribune  seven  figures,  with  the  Jordan  and 
sheep  under  their  feet,  and  the  inscription ;  the  central  figure  is  Clirist  in 
the  act  of  benediction  after  the  Greek  form,  on  bis  right  hand  St.  Felicis- 
eimus,  St.  Mark  the  Evangelist,  and  St.  Gregory  carrying  the  model  of  the 
church;  on  His  left  St. Mark  the  Pope,  St.Agepetus,  and  St.  Agnes,  each 
with  the  name  inscribed  under  the  feet ;  the  sheep  are,  as  usual,  twelve,  with 
a  centra]  one  raised  on  a  rock,  and  with  a  nimbus  on  which  are  the  Greek 
letters  A.  P.  T.,  arranged  in  the  form  of  a  crosn,  the  P  over  the  head ;  at 
the  two  extremities  are  Jerusalem  and  Bethlehem,  with  their  names  in-- 
scribed.  Over  the  arch  of  triumph  is  a  bust  of  Christ,  wilh  a  cruciform 
nimbus,  and  the  four  evangelistic  symbols:  and  in^the  spandrels  on  the 
aides  of  the  arch  figures  of  St^Pcter  and  St.  Paul,  the  right  hand  of  each 
extended,  the  left  clasping  a  scroll  or  book.  The  whole  has  the  character 
of  Byzantine  art. 

A.D,  858.  The  church  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mother  {St,  Maria  nov© 
urbis)  was  entirely  rebuilt  by  Pope  Leo  lY.,  and  adorned  with  mosaics, 
as  is  distinctly  stated  by  Anastasius: — **  Ecclesiam  autem  Dei  Genitricis,  sera- 
perqus  Virgiais  Marim,  quie  primitus  antiqua,  nunc  autem  nova  vocahatur. 


850  JToMief.  [Oei. 

i  Domiinit  Leo  IV.  TmptL  a  fimdamrntM  oonstnixent,  aed  ct  pictoria 
i  deooratam  iate  BeafitwinoB  Pneaul  pulcliris,  et  variis  dipingi  eoloriboa, 
aogena  dcoorem,  et  pokhritodiiifin,  corde  puro  omavit  speciebva.'*  The 
principa]  fignrea  oo  the  yank  of  the  apee  are, — the  Keaaed  Yirgin  aeated  oo 
a  throoe  and  richlj  attired,  in  her  left  ann  the  Christ,  aa  a  little  man,  not 
aa  an  inftnt,  on  her  head  a  crown  of  Byzantine  form;  on  her  right 
St  James  and  St.  John,  on  her  left  St.  Peter  and  St.  Andrew,  eadi  with  his 
name  under  his  £eet:  and  all  the  figorea  under  the  ardies  of  a  amall  wall 
arcade ;  the  central  ardi,  over  the  head  of  the  Virgin,  is  ornamented  with 
jewds,  the  next  on  either  side  with  the  billet,  (the  earliest  eiample  of  this 
ornament  we  remember  to  have  met  with,)  the  two  outer  archea  with  a 
acroO  ornament ;  the  pQkra  or  shafb  have  a  twisted  ornament  on  them,  the 
capitals  are  a  rode  and  barbarons  attempt  at  Ionic,  and  the  bases  are  orna- 
mented with  foliage  and  panels.  The  diaracter  of  the  work  is  altogether 
Bjzantine.  The  passage  quoted  aboye  is  from  the  Life  of  Pope  Nidiolas  I., 
A.D.  858— 868,  and  demonstrates  that  the  chordiy  which  had  been  rebuilt 
bj  Pope  Leo  IV.  ten  years  before,  was. decorated  widi  mosaics  by  Pope 
Nichob»  L,  and  the  work  shews  that  Ckeek  artists  were  then  employed  at 
Rome.  It  is  beliered  to  be  die  earliest  example  in  Italy  of  the  practice, 
afterwards  so  common,  of  placing  eadi  of  the  figures  under  a  separate 
ornamented  arch,  serving  as  a  canopy,  and  the  origin  of  the  ornamental 
niche. 

After  the  dose  of  the  ninth  century  we  have  an  entire  blank  Ibr  two 
centuries,  during  which  not  a  single  mosaic  picture  remains  at  Rome,  or  at 
least  has  been  noticed ;  the  art  appean  to  have  taken  refuge  entirely  at 
Byzantium.  At  Rome  the  tenth  and  eleventh  centuries  were  a  period  of 
perpetual  civil  war  and  destrucdon,  and  we  have  no  buildings  remaining  of 
that  period,  and  scarcely  any  notices  that  any  were  erected.  Li  other 
parte  of  Italy,  and  indeed  of  Europe,  things  were  not  much  better;  the 
whole  of  Europe  was  overrun  by  hordes  of  uncivilized  barbarians,  and  there 
seems  to  have  Ven  everywhere  an  interval  of  at  least  a  century  between 
the  utter  ruin  of  Roman  art  and  the  beginning  of  the  revival,  which  was 
grounded  on  the  imitation  of  Roman  remains ;  during  the  tendi  century 
there  seems  to  have  been  everywhere  almost  an  entire  cessation  of  build- 
ing in  stone.  The  revival  began  earlier  in  some  places  than  in  othere :  it 
may  be  dated  generally  from  the  beginning  of  the  eleventh  century,  and 
Rome  appears  at  that  time  to  have  been  rather  behind  than  in  advance  of 
the  rest  of  Europe. 

(To  hs  coHtinued,) 


186L] 


331 


iriTEKIALS  FOK  TEE  BOOK  OF  3a:AIlTyTlS -. 

Until  the  arrnnging  and  calendaring  of  the  public  records  has  been 
aocomplisliect,  our  best  mateiials  fur  a  history  of  the  lie  formation  must 
unquestionably  be  the  laborious  collections  of  Foxe,  Burnet,  and  Strype, 
whicli  have  the  g-reat  advnntage  over  their  future  rivals  of  being  in  print, 
and  therefore  more  readily  consultahle.  This  advantage^  however,  is  by- 
no  means  as  great  as  it  would  be,  had  these  writers  been  men  of  accurate 
and  enlightened  views,  or  had  their  works  ever  been  fortunate  enough  to 
meet  with  editors  possessing  a  tithe  of  the  research  and  diligence  whicb 
Mr.  Nichols  has  exhibited  in  liis  lately  issued  Camden  volume.  The  shurt- 
comings  of  Burnet  are  well  known,  but  we  are  not  concerned  with  theiti 
here ;  it  is  of  Foxe  and  Strype  that  we  would  speak,  upon  whose  execu- 
tion of  an  important  task  a  strong  light  is  thrown  by  the  work  before  us. 

This  is  an  exact  reprint  of  a  number  of  papers  formerly  belonging  to 
John  Foxe,  and  now  (with  one  exception)  in  the  British  Museum .  after 
having  been  long  in  the  hands  of  Strype.  Mn  Nichols'  introductions  to 
cacli  sliew  how  carelessly  they  were  employed,  or  altogether  neglected, 
first  by  the  one  and  then  by  the  other;  how  Foxe  has  sometimes  misread 
his  papers,  and  how  Strype  has  modernized  them;  and  how*  recent  writers 
have  been  misled  into  according  a  degree  of  deference  to  Strype,  as  an 
orit^inal  authority,  which  he  by  no  means  deserved,  The  result  is,  the 
expression  of  a  wish,  rather  than  a  hope,  thnt  Strype  should  be  not  merely 
revised,  hut  remoulded  and  rewritten.  His  documents  are  shewn  to  need 
ctireftil  collation,  being  both  imperfect  and  incorrect,  and  his  narrative 
requires  an  entire  re -arrangement,  not  because  it  is  often  prejudiced  or 
intcniionally  unfair,  but  bt^c;iU5e  it  is  frequently  confused  in  arrangement, 
imperfect  in  information,  and  obsolete  in  style: — 

••By  printing  'Tlie  Diary  of  Honry  Miichyn'  in  its  integrity  (he  Cflinden  Society 
has  alrendy  mnde  public  one  of  the  most  canon*  sourcea  of  Strype 's  inforrontinn,  and 
the  present  volume  may  be  refyarded  at  a  further  iiistnlment  towarda  a  criticftl  edition 
of  the  docnmonta  employed  by  Strype,  There  are  few  lilstorical  ttudent*  who  will  not 
prefer  to  read  the  ipxissima  Mrha  of  the  actors  and  Buflcrere  in  the  perilous  d^ys  of 
the  Refortnatian  mther  tbnn  any  mrwlem  version  of  their  biBtories;  and,  tbougb  most 
of  the  writer!  m  tbe  present  rolame  are  shockingly  astray  from  any  recognised  standard 
of  orthogmpliy,  yet  it  n  well  ttiat  at  least  one  edition  of  tbdr  narratives  should  bo 
printed  as  they  themselves  peimed  tUem." — (p,  xlx.) 

The  volume  is  made  up  of — 

I.  The    Reminificencea    of  John    Louth,    Archdeacoii    of  Nottingham. 


»  "Xt-mitivesft  of  the  Days  of  the  ReformaHon,  dlife6y  from  the  MaTmscriptt  of 
John  Foxe  tbe  Mnrtyrologist ;  with  two  Contemporary  Biographies  of  Arebbifihnp 
Cninmer.  Edited  by  John  Gougb  Nicbols,  F,S.A.**  (Smalt  ito.,  ixTui.  and  360  pp. 
Printrd  f.>r  tbe  Camden  Society.    1859.) 

G«KT,  Mao*  Vol.  CCXI*  t  t  • 


!tt2  Matmahfor  the  Book  of  Martyrs.  [Oct. 

ThrM"  weir  aililiv«sod  to  Foxe  \i\  the  rear  1579.  and  contun  mach  curioiu 
mAiicr.  hu!  thrv  havt*  l>ccn  «*RTX»oly  at  all  used  by  him. 

U.  Thr  Impns.nimont  of  John  Paris,  a  boy  of  Worecgter.  This  is  an 
auloSK\ci^)>hy,  whic'h  Voxe  has  most  matcriajly  abridged,  and  which  is  now 
pi'intrsi  at  lonjzth  lor  the  nrst  time. 

111.  The  MKriyrdom  of  Edward  Home,  This  is  a  paper  wrrtten  ia 
<NVT*\"nion  o:  a  statement  in  the  lirsl  ed.tion  of  Foxe.  that  *'  JfiOn  Home 
and  a  woman"  were  burnt  at  Wot:oD-nn<kT-£d£:>e,  Sep:ember  25,  1566. 
The  inr'osmaiion.  civen  on  the  auth verity  of  the  son  of  the  martrr,  is.  that 
trto  s;K^h  yvrsons  sufiened  at  W'otton.  but  that  Edward  Home  was  bnm:  at 
Newer.;,  in  the  \ear  l^.^S,  his  wife,  whc*  was  eoDieaned  aj«o.  savinr*  Ler 
hie  b\  reoA::«:i.»r..  This  axmaseo;  is  ralctbie,  as  sbewi:x  tiat  FciXe's 
»:arer.">rr.^s  were  ej^-^seh-  looVei  ict."^  by  hi*  c:TLrer::p:irt3Tes.  '•benre  we 
wiar  :V.:-A  ;:-.:er  the  su't:!^rftr.:jiil  aeru-ary  of  rbose  tiu  hare  escaj«ei  iir- 
^oescj.^ne;! ,  «e  mear..  ccesCKinoc  ir.  a  pr,-c»er  spirit-  :<i:  tie  scrfTirr't  jf 
r^-jjeiv.**?.  fcTsrl  T».-^t  r^£irt\.^  if:!OCT»^e,-.  it  a  xurae  wiy  as  •'izitrauif*-  fLJse 
iv*..  -.n  pu-'w.:  T.rrfrjess.  oepraratJOMv.  frtnitjet-t  rarrxTitian*  tij£  ?ejriri'£ 
tbSW  :  hi::  ?:  IS  &  rcT-J.ius  fa^u  ths.:  this  arc  s:nd\xr  pi.-p£rK  tboisri  ks  w* 
•s^  p"T3*frrri  Vx  i..ir..  w-'-rr  Ttevcr  pic  :r  tbe-r  ais:;:igi  i»£.  tiii  Uit  errar* 
TeniMi  xr  h»  w,vt  :.■  tris  •itr 

4^  Auroiiu-Knf.ni.irti!  Nu-nk::*^  o"  Tunmas  Ehzitm^  Kmisssr  of  Jruus. 
>»as  S«*i  a*:.ve:ii:':  Tj^is-rrei  'n  F.-j«^  bu:  >t-;7if  "nas  w:rL*-L  nj  smxif 
7i««sa^es  II.  i.fli  '  Vo:i'iea»ucCi.-*  Xii*in;CTk»'  taii  .vjur^  xr  i.s  *  l^sm:r-ai&  nf 
C^^.iinu*'  ■  Karo.ok  w«s  ar  Cliuiri  Hiut  3.. A.  a  IJ.r^  win  was  ufis*- 
m-a~.»  onf  n-  ritf  fjjii;**  n:  ^^sinr^'u.  ux\l  i'^'s»t  t-t  "stitl  z:  Tjir'uait  -*,t 
taL-nw  A-  r»v  nu.«  hf  hli^vf*^  as  suf^-iix  smxttciiinr  nf  iiif  ramrBSiar  a: 
tttt  mni.  V,f  rmn^nih*:.  iiims::t:  wim  ritf  Burim-mw  f^-^i.  inmsr  Z.ir- 
^ra-x  "*  -  r^  u  "vifii"'.r  ?*v  rrii*«nirii'-T  nriiinsi'  '  nu  iznl.  ad  'zus  b1ts-_ 
T*yiH.-ir,^  !  •t:  7-f  hi  ui  ui.-il.  bi\i.  n:  •rioi..  n*  :i»j  it's:  n:  ^.  Jiijm  *  v»as«fi. ' 
Mou  ^'.xTi  rnn-p^i.  w:r.i  ■nnS'  rnnrrr^fminc  riti  Xlinr  *  nrxidMrniiiun.  *  Tn:r 
^•f  *i«ruiu.  fr-'s  i\t  xv^rjiiimf  r-mnr  Tin  sa.r-unnur.  »  "ntnu  Ju*fti9.  nr  ^giM 
m.  ttt  f.*m.\  '  «Tini:*'  lu^''w^r•lnr  Tua'  *  T'T  wbs  luv  «AZ"antszr.  nxr  nx  lOiil. 
K>  "tiv-  tstv  rok:  t"*\  '  ^iuwr  ^r^^vune-.r.  itr~r  ulu^Tfsi.  soisi  nrei  as- 
iiiucs  ir  C'  «nn-.ar4:e*  r;u:ir.vS.  wa*  Tii-^RiiUUt?!  wni  Tits  ran.  mu  T.Tt*! 
lu  s:ii«eiuieji:"  ii  Ais*."Ui«Ter  n  nt  Dai.  iuihsut-l  itauirs  ^ns  cna  u»?:i:x 
>r  Xiu-jwi  ..s^T:^  a-  >uiaciir-.  lu  w»  tw\u\i  n-?dr  "tnic  •  le  junuu.  r.  v 
^  itefui^   iiw   ti!^  II  lis  TTT.v^-i-ninrN  '      Tufc-  -'-^rraiir  snavi   nsa.  a:u. 


1861.] 


Materials  for  the  Book  o/Martyrg. 


363 


Lfre»Glie  iher.     I  nwnswered  thatt  I  wold  not  take  tbutt  for  a  forbiddytig,  butt  that 

'iorsomuch  as  the  pt^^oplc  restortcd  too  the  clmrch  att  the  ringyng  of  the  bell  too  be} re 
tbe  wordo  of  God,  tbey  ahold  nott  retume  wbome  (liome)  agtiyne  voyd  of  Qod'a  word. 
My  lorda  tayde  ag>iyue  unto  lue  tlatt  I  shold  not  preAche,  and  thatt  tber  wha  on  in 
the  Tower  (mean)  aj^  bywbopp  Oardnar)  tlint  he  wold  bcUve  before  400  such  mi  I  was. 
I  a  A  mitred  hyin  thatt  he  ipake  tboso  worde  betwyxt  bim  and  iiie,  but,  yf  I  had  record 
of  thein,  be  wold  nutt  Bpcake  tbeni.  Soo  my  lorde  ecfit  for  the  mayor  and  hys 
brti  heme.     Mr.  maior  aaktd  me  vihetber  I  wolde  be  content  thtit  an  other  &huld 

iJKipply  tbe  rome  fur  me?  I  awndered  yea;  and  thatt  I  waa  as  wylling  too  heyre  the 
word  aa  to  prtfa^h  my  self,  Soo  dyd  mr.  miiior  eiend  too  on  mr.  GryflTeihi,  wLo  dyd 
preacbe ;  and  iny  lorde  being  present,  he  cbalenged  liim  thut  b**,  being  chefe  justice  uf 
%h&  law  ^,  d)  d  «affer  tbe  iiiiagi:>s  in  the  churche,  the  idoll  hangyni;  in  a  string  over  the 

"  Iter,  eandleatikea  and  tnpera  on  them  wppou  the  alLtr,  and  the  people  ho.  oring  the 
fdoll»  contrary  too  the  law;  wyth  much  other  goc»d  doctrme.  I  pnt)^d  God  for  hytt. 
And  thos  were  ray  freods  of  Sarum  thatt  wt're  bownde  for  ujc  discharged  there  bund.** 

L-— (pp.  76.  77.) 

When  Mary  came  to  the  tlirone.  and  issued  her  well-known  procla- 
mation, '*  whych  dyd  declare  what  religion  she  dyd  profes  in  her  yowthe, 

wylling  all   her  loving  suhjects  too  embruce  the   Bame,**  Hancock 

**  took  uppon  him  too  reade  the  proclamation  wntoo  them,  and  too  declare 
the  meaning  of  hylt/*     This  explanation  wa*», — 

|*tbatt»  wbcrena  in  the  procloniacion  she  wyllcd  nil  bcr  loving  rabjectea  tooenbracc  tho 

ne  reUgiun,  tliey  owgbtt  to  eiihruce  the  £tame  in  her  being  there  princes,  thatt  yn 
Ott  too  robeLL  agaynst  her^  Uiing  tbtre  princes,  bat  ti*o  letfc  ber  alone  with  hir 
l»llgion.  Tbis  satisfied  nott  the  puipi.tes;  but  they  wolde  mdea  have  thcr  masking 
aiia^  and  sou  «lyd  uldc  'DitJiuns  \Vhyp;ht,  John  Kolbertl,  and  otliors,  Iwyide  upp  an 
alter  in  the  churche,  and  bttd  procured  a  fylt  chaplin*  a  French  prest,  on  syr  Br^-asey 
too  say  there  ma^se ;  butt  there  altur  uas  pulled  dowtie,  and  «yr  Urytic  waa  fayne  too 
byde  bys  headd,  and  the  paj^^istcs  too  bn  kle  them  an  alter  in  ollde  master  Whyght'ii 
bowtPy  John  Craddock  hya  iium  l>eiiig  clarcke  to  ring  the  hell,  and  too  help  the  prist 
too  tnaia,  untyll  be  waa  thfiiatni^  tbut  yf  lie  d)d  i]«e  too  putt  byji  hand  ontt  of  tho 
w)ndow  too  ring  the  bell,  that  a  bund-gooii  ebolde  make  hym  too  sinartt^  thatt  bo 
ahoUd  iintt  pull  in  his  band  agityne  with  ease* 

"Soo  bad  the  ptdpistcs  there  mas  in  mr.  Wbyite'a  howse,  and  tbe  Qiiiatlans  the 
gospel  preched  ofienly  in  the  clmrche. 

"The  p' I  pistes  all  soo  ri  sorted  teo  ibe  churdie  too  bey  re  the  word  of  God,  nott  for 
any  love  tbey  had  too  the  word,  butt  too  take  tbe  prcL^char  In  a  trypp,  for  divert 
articlca  thry  tooko  owtt  of  my  doctrine,  of  tbe  which  they  actu?cd  rue  before  the 
oownsell,  att  the  tynie  uf  tho  first  parliauaciit ;  emon^st  tho  whycb  one  *jf  them  whs 
tbatt  in  my  doctrine  I  tawghtt  them  thatt  God  had  plaged  thys  realme  most  justly 
for  owr  sinns  wttb  tlire  notable  plages,  the  which  withowtt  apedy  repentance  wtter 
den  miction  wold  folowo.  . . . 

"An  other  article  thiitt  much  olHnded,  for  tbe  v^h^eh  I  was  exi-mptcd  owtt  of  tho 
flftft  general  pardou  thatt  qwene  Mar}e  grawnted,  hua  thatt  I  rebuking  ther  idolatrous 
desiyre  too  have  there  soperattduus  ceremuuyfi^e  and  tber  idoliAh  ntsji,  and  too  ipult 
downe  the  glorvowse  goi<tpel  of  Chrbt  Jesus,  dyd  in  wy  dim:  trine  aske  them»  how  thy  a 
be  donne^  ai.d  bow  tbry  wold  bring  bytt  to  posae,  having  the  hiw  of  the 
De  and  the  glorioi  s  go  pel  of  Je^ua  Christ  agaynst  theiOt  and>  God  being  ngaynst 
tbcm«  in  whom  they  bad  tber  truat  ?  I  sayde,  •  Yowr  troat  ys  in  fleshe;  so  yow  forsake 


*•  •*  Misprinted  'Lmd'  in  Strype,  Eccka.  Memorida,  ii.  73." 
Qfcjrr.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXU  v  u 


li     ?k»r  >•        bill,     l^ijk*.-    o..^    -     ~  H**  r  Lkz    JM.Z.     ■•£-    .     t-fi3te'3CEir'       — ii 


wa*  JL  X'tr^7-:c*tf*.ri  ■f^.j.r^,,  %  ^*   i^suie    :fixne  zzir^    u.  z,ir^  t^\i   :ii=r*. 

•/.  5ft: zft  !^*infc  .f  *i*!  -.*riftr>.  tea  'r.f^e  iri  luw  iircrea  jy  ^r.  7' j ::..*. 
iii-v^fiifitf  #1  »iR  .^.1  uLtMinr  IK  ▼»*  iircn  n  iara^r  ar  115  .;:e — i.r  .\*:e 
^irw:  rV'.in  :.«?  .-ajp  mi  *  /i^:<-,r»  ir.a  'vicxLd  licsrs.  *  -^viiuse  mia'STTiii  "»'ir- 
ciAiu  .»!•  lit/Trirrfi  V  iii.  »nfi  it  itaen  frnm  •  \  -tnuns^.  *towtti  p..-jv<ii 
pr^jiiii:.  '  'h*?  '/  f:ar  'ii  rN-n!.*:''.  :ViiTn»?r:y  Xinnt  jF  3t.  Mary  ie  'Jrac*-.  :iear 
rtift  Ht'jft'.r  wTiuif.  rjarfiiiidner  .le  wan ;  he  iiacx.  'oo.  1  talent  for  --ermrTnT. 
auui  i  ikiL'Ki  '«r  .ii^  ':aiir«;;i  :ii}:  ^rjmmittai  rii  N'ew^ate  -m  rr.e  icvtfi^i'.a 
of  .yrju7  viiirrr:,  .(1  tijif':  -if  ^m  4fjiacs  'if  luM  Bitjie  inii  hi&  lute,  it:  r'eil  ?i^-k 
atifl  <r;ui  iiia:  -o  'ilf;.  I'nhnflji.  iiri*Tr:vi!:r,  prn<:iired  iiis  release,  and  iie  lived 
&i  Taltit  ;&  jiart  ;n  t^uurr-^mmts  W\iiit^  rifjeilion  and  at  the  mam  aire  jt 
Pliiiiji  iitit  SLir/.  'ifitli  «ii.r:ti  -.vr^nrs  he  haa  wt-Al  described.  He  lived 
lUiftiriiir^frl  'liirin'^  rliir  ptiivrruiKm,  hav:n:r  .riven  his  entmies  to  iiidtr- 
tttaitit  diftt  rij  .iiii-r!f::':  Jvitti  Uiro  voidd  be  'iaDirerous,  ;md  he  \vas  llIIvl'  'u 
till?  "I'lir  Lifii.  -iiit  iKiw  :Diirn  later  m  'inccr^ain. 

V'l/.     riiR  Troiiiil«:.i  'jI;    Tuornas   ^luivntayne.   Elector  of   St.   Miuhael. 
T'iWf.r  rttiyal.     Tlun  im    inutlicr  intereatini^  autuljiug^phy.     It  has  btreii 

.N«iL  Jiiiiiu,  !■  jiriiiti-ti  III  luttT  ••<tltiijiu  lit'  F'txc,  Mr.  Nlchuii  eonceir*!8  it  :u  hv  the 
mlliiiliiwi  ^<roitiinriatiiJB  uf  JimwcUiui. 


186L] 


Materials  for  the  Book  of  Martprs, 


printed  by  Strrpe,  in  hia  **EccleBiaslical  MemonalB."  wUb  Fome  omissions 
and  many  errors.  A  complete  and  lileral  copy  like  tlie  present  is  therefore 
by  no  means  superfluous.  The  writer  was  arrested  for  continuing  to  perform 
the  Protestant  service  after  it  had  been  proliibited,  and  was  afterwards  im- 
prisoned as  a  traitor,  he  having  accompanied  the  Duke  of  Northumberland 
in  lits  march  to  Cambridge,  At  length  he  was  released,  when,  after  a  brief 
stay  in  London,  where  he  was  recognised »  he  made  his  escape  to  the  Con- 
tinent, The  chief  part  of  his  irapriaonraent  was  in  Cumhridge  Castle, 
whence  he  was  once  sent  for  by  the  sheriff  (Sir  Oliver  Leader)^  to  see  if 
he  would  be  "  conformable/'    His  account  of  the  journey  is  of  interest : — 

*'ARer  thys,  withyn  short  tyme*  the  liye  Hyjyryfie  sent  for  mo  home  to  hys  howse 
beyond  Huntyngton,  to  see  whether  I  wrxild  roltDte  or  no ;  tellynge  me  that  he  hade 
wrytyn  up  to  the  c^uus(!ll  for  mc,  iind  tliat  yt  wns  their  plesDre  that  I  Bhoulde  bo 
delyveryd  yf  that  I  wolde  he  a  confyrraHble  itian  to  the  qii^nea  pros*!dyngea,  and  for- 
EiLke  herysy,  or  dea  to  remayne  yn  pryiwn  nntyll  the  nexte  Be»syotta  of  gale  delyvtTy, 
■  For  your  good  wyl,  I  doo  thanke  your  maAtership  mcM^te  hurtelye,  and  well  contentyd 
I  hawe  90  to  remayn  as  a  prysomu*.  and  ratber  tlmn  to  gyve  over  my  faytho  for  thys 
vayno  lyfe  which  ys  hut  Bhorte,'  'Wei!  (ttjde  be,)  I  parsave  than  that  yow  are  no 
chanlyng;  yow  shall  therfore  retorne  to  the  place  from  whence  yow  came,  and  there 
nbyed  your  try  all/ 

"  So  wee  toke  our  levc  of  hynie»  and  came  our  wayoi  bake  agayne  to  Huntyngeton, 
and  there  we  laye  al  that  nyglite,  I  bavyngo  apon  one  of  mynearmys  a  grente  bnisleio 
of  yeron  iiy  lingers  brode,  faste  lokod  one^  and  a  fyne  clmyne  of  lij  yardys  longe  joynyd 
therunto;  and  beynge  bed  to  snpar  of  one  Thomas  Whype,  marcbaute  of  London,  with 
othert«,  ray  kcper  waa  dyiayeryd  to  CMse  uic  for  the  tyme,  «nd  they  wold  \m  bound  fur 
me,  and  be  to  be  wijll  recotnpeiwiyd  for  so  doyngo.  Tliys  dyssyer  of  my  frcndycs  waa 
•charei  (acarce}  well  lyked  of  my  keapar,  bycawie  they  were  Lendoneres,  and  grnwnte 
jt  he  wold  not  yn  no  wyae.  So,  when  luppar  was  done,  to  our  chamber  wee  wcnte, 
and  anon  comyse  yn  a  amythe  with  a  hammer  and  a  greate  etapyk'.  *Mako  yow 
rcdye,  (sayd  he,)  I  pray  yow,  and  goo  to  bed.*  So  I  layed  me  downe  apon  my  bed, 
Tlieii  be  calde  the  smylbe  unto  h)  m,  and  aayed, '  Mnke  faste  the  staph?  and  the  chejoo 
leather,  and  drylFe  them  faste  yntofkjme  parte  of  the  bedstead;  for  I  have  harde  tay, 
(saythe  \\e,)fastr  hifend^faMtefyend'  Than  he  loked  (looked)  behyeud  all  the  pnycntyd 
clothes  to  sec  yf  there  were  anye  mo  doorcA  ynto  the  chamber  than  one.  That  done, 
be  locked  the  dore  and  euste  the  keye  owto  of  the  wyndow,  to  the  gootlman  of  the 
house,  dysayeryng  him  to  kcpe  yt  iavc  wylle  the  mornynge,  Smale  reate  I  toke  that 
nyghte,  1  was  ao  sore  wr(mge  abfinghtc^  my  wreatc  that  the  bind  wa§  redy  to  »pyn  owte 
at  my  fyngerei  endyes.  So,  early  yn  the  mornynge  we  rys  and  toke  our  horse,  and 
came  to  (*amhrydgo  caslellc  to  dynuer,  and  then  my  bra&kte  was  taken  of  myoe  arme." 
—  (pp.  20i,  205.) 

Till.,  IX,,  X.,  arc  papers  relating  to  Archbishop  Cranmer,  many 
passages  of  which  Todd  and  others  have  inaccurately  ascribed  to  Strype, 
They  are  the  materials  from  which  Foxe  compiled  his  account  of  the 
Archbishop,  mainly  supplied  by  Ralph  Mo  rice,  his  secretary.  The  first 
is  the  Life  and  Death  of  Archbishop  Cranmer,  with  which  Foxe  has 
worked  up  many  of  the  iinecdotes  (\o,  IX,)  These  are  for  the  first  time 
printed  complete,  from  the  original  among  the  Parker  MSS,  in  the  Library 
of  Benct  College,  Cambridjje.     No.  X.  is  a  communication  from  Morice  to 


fttteriah  for  the  Book  of  Martyrs. 


ZOdL 


Foxe^  ihoug^h  not  ni^d  by  him^  which  Btrype  has  employed  in  a  modemcsod 
farm  in  his  "  Memorials  of  Cranmer/'  It  h  a  statement  of  the  liberal  fiewB 
of  Cranmer  aa  to  educatioD.  His  fellow  commissioners  wished  to  eted 
gentlemen's  children  only  to  the  newly  founded  grammar-school  of  Canter- 
bury! alleging  that  *'  all  »orte«  of  men  mate  not  goo  to  Kole,**  and  that  tt 
waa  meet  that  the  ploughman's  fton  should  be  only  a  ploughman*  and  the 
artificer's  son  only  an  artificer,  while  to  gentleroen*e  ^ons  should  be  restricieil 
all  knowledge  of  government  and  rule  in  the  commonwealth.  The  Arch- 
bishop maintained,  on  the  contrary,  that  this  was  to  limit  God*8  be«t  gifts, 
and;  in  effecti  often  to  bestow  them  on  the  least  worthy,  as  he  had  seen 
too  many  well-born  children  **moste  unapte  to  lerne,  aad  very  dolte*/' 
Hence  his  conclusion  was,  "  Yf  the  gentilman's  Sonne  be  apte  to  lernyng-, 
lett  hym  be  admitted ;  yf  not  apte^  lett  the  poore  mannys  childe  apte  enter 
his  rowrae." 

No.  XI.  contains  some  brief  anecdotes  of  Mr.  Thomas  Lawney»  one  of  the 
earliest  welcomers  of  the  Protestant  doctrines,  abo  communicated  to  Foxe 
by  Morice. 

No,  XI L  is  a  Chronicle  of  the  Years  1532— 1537,  written  by  a  Monlt  of 
St*  Augustine's,  Canterbury  ;  and  No.  XIIL  is  a  Summary  of  Ecclesiajstical 
Events  in  1554.  These  are  both  from  Foxe's  papers*  and  though  known 
to  Strype,  have  been  little  employed  by  him.  The  first  gives  particulars 
of  fieveral  transactions  in  Canterbury,  particularly  the  breaking  up  of  its 
great  religious  establishments,  that  are  not  recorded  elsewhere;  and  the 
second  presenes  some  contemporary  notices  of  the  formal  re-establish* 
ment  of  Romanism  j  both  therefore  are  of  sufficient  interest  to  be  printed 
f *  exfen^o. 

The  abo^e  is  a  brief,  but  probably  sufficient  indication  of  the  main  con- 
tents of  this  curious  volume.  As  might  be  expected  from  the  name  of  its 
editor,  each  article  is  very  fully  annotated,  great  attention  having  been 
bestowed  on  the  genealogical  portion  in  particular*  beside  which  there  is 
an  Appendix  of  Additional  Notes  and  Documents.  One  of  these,  on  the 
racking  of  Anne  Askew,  is  very  interesting,  especially  when  taken  in  con- 
nexion with  another  on  the  Protestant  Ladies  of  the  Court  of  Henry  VIXI. 
It  has  of  late  become  the  fashion  to  doubt  at  least,  if  not  positively  deny, 
the  barbarity  of  Wriolhesley  and  Rich,  on  the  plea  tliat  torture  was  illegal, 
—  as  if  such  a  consideration  would  weigh  with  Tudor  councillors  when  they 
knew  tlmt  their  sovereign  had  doubts  respecting  his  qneen,  and  his  nieces^ 
and  hoped  by  this  means  to  clear  them  up*  Mr.  Nichols  has  carefully 
collected  every  scrap  of  evidence,  and  has  established  the  fact,  as  it  st'ema 
to  us,  beyond  the  possibility  of  further  question.  The  appendix  lo  Un- 
derhiirs  Autobiography,  which  gives  an  account  of  Allen  the  prophesycr 
and  hia  charms,  is  very  curious,  supplemented  as  it  is  by  particulars  of  the 
examination  of  another  conjuror,  William  Wicherly»  and  notices  of  several 
other  knaves  of  like  kind. 


1 


i 


18G1.] 


IrehtBolofftj  in  Ireland, 


857 


Kno\%injpp  well  the  value  of  good  in<lexeR^  Mr.  Nichols  has  fumishetl  his 
volume  with  two ;  one  of  general  character,  and  another  glossarial,  divided 
into  the  beads  of  (L)  words,  (2.)  phrases.  (3.)  proverbs,  (4.)  oaths; 
(5.)  religious  natnt'S  of  reproach,  and  (6.)  sobriquets,  each  containing  many 
singular  entries.  Whether  be  contemplates  undertakinj*  the  new  edition  of 
Sirvpc  that  he  recommends  we  know  not,  but  certainly  his  present  volume 
shews  that  he  is  possessed  of  many  of  the  chief  req^iisites  for  the  task. 


ABCH^OLOGY  IX  IHELAND. 
We  repriat  the  following  IcUer,  wliicli  iiiia  appeared  in  the  '*  Dublia  Evening 
Mail,''  in  the  hop-e  of  obtaining  iufunnaiion  ypon  the  matter  from  some  of  our 
Irish  eoi  respondents  i — 

"BalUmtloe,  StpL  13. 

**  In  the  month  of  Jul  V  la^  I  lont  jou  the  particulMrs  of  tome  andt>nt  rcgiil  oriin- 

loent*  which  hatl  bet'n  found  by  a  countryman,  and  purchased  fVotn  him  by  the  Me«ars. 

Hyne«  of  this  town.     The  n  ^tice  1  then  wrote  attn&cted  gvneral  attention  thruughout 

the  country,  and  «c'veml  persons  px pressed  sn  Bnxiety  to  obtain  the  omamcntg,  wliich 

■  were  of  pure  gold,  an^  cijngist4?d  of  a  crown  and  eolkr     An  intimution  w*t8  even  ecut 

L  to  the  nuthoritieA,  under  the  ngulations  of  trea<»nrt;  trove,  deiDanding  the  ornaments — 

i  of  course,  st  their  proper  value.    They  htive  ainee  Ix-en  pubtiely  exhitnted  in  the  collec- 

litlon  of  ttie  Dabliln  Society,  and  much  admired   by  those  who  relie^h  niitiqnaniin  re- 

Ijenrch  a      The  MesJirs,  Hynes  oflere<l  the  (sountryiiam  a  hAinlsome  douct^tr  if  lie  would 

I  point  out  where  he  found  the  relies,  but  thi*  the  wily  native  knoivUigly  declinetl  to  dfi, 

im  doabt  expecting  that  other  arttclcs  of  value  might  yet  be  discovered  in  the  Bivme 

locality.     He  has,  however,  at  length  divulged  the  psirLicnhire. 

"  llie  rann  r.  «tded  at  a  ptnL*  culled  Bkea,  near  the  celebr.itcd  mina  of  Clonmacnoi«e, 
on  the  brink  of  the  Sbannon.  In  the  course  of  Nome  agricultural  op<*r«tiona  he  re- 
moved a  large  flag,  which  ofiened  the  pasaage  to  a  spadouA  ciivum»  in  wliich  were  foiittd 
the  crown  and  colhir,  together  with  aame  ancient  hronxe  weapons  iind  stveral  uten^ilA 
used  for  colinary  purpost«.  The  dificoverer  of  tliia  alnguhir  labvrinth  keij't  it  eoncealed 
Jrooi  the  knowle'lge  of  any  one  for  a  considerable  len^b  of  time,  but  »t  length  he  li.is 
"been  iuitneed  to  t^hew  it  to  a  very  few  individnak  under  a  pro^mlse  of  aeer&ity ;  nnd,  as 
he  is  about  to  leave  this  country  for  Austfidia^  he  intends  for  a  considcmtion  to  lead 
the  way  to  tills  curious  fiubtcrrMiiean  chamber,  evidently  the  retroat  of  tbe  ancient 
nioaarcbA  who  reigned  in  the  locality. 

"  A  friend  of  muie^  who  h«*  been  in  the  cavern,  sayn  that  he  was  so  fortunate  as  to 
have  unveiled  to  his  astonisbeil  view  tbe  intriciicies  of  this  hid' leu  apartment  and  many 
singidnr  vestigrs  of  a  defunct  race.    It  woa,  no  doubt,  at  once  a  fortatice  and  residence,. 
The  hard-prt^»ed  chieftain  and  bis  followers  found  in  its  recu9»es  the  inoat  perfect 
I  security  and  concealment,  for  if  any  pursuerii  hiid  tbe  temerity  to  tre;id  the  tortuous 
landing!  of  the  entrance,  certain  de-ftmction  was  sure  tu  reach  them  ere  they  reached 
the  apartments,  several  feet  below  the  liurface  of  what  appears  to  he  a  limetttone  crag. 
"  1  forgot  to  say  that  among  other  relics  of  bygone  days  are  ten  elah-orately  orna- 
,  mented  slabs,  of  an  octagona]  form,  and  bearing  long  inscriptions  in  the  Oghara  chti- 
Tliere  are  few  who  will  be  able  to  unrnvel  the  story  which  tbest^  vcneniblo 
'fieoords  display  to  the  eyes  of  the  canons.     No  doubt  they  will  yet  fonn  tbe  subject 
of  stody  and  research  to  the  antiquary  and  tbe  learned.     The  discovery  of  thin  won- 
derful Ciivern  throws  much  light  on  the  ie^nds  of  Brien  O'Donoghoe,  and  to  this 
i  means  of  retreat  (roni  his  enemies  is  no  d  >ubt  due  the  story  of  his  ctmipHct  with  the 
"Evil  One,  from  tlie  cotLJcquonces  of  w^hich  the  Abbot  St  Kierun  in  aaid  to  have  re- 
Msad  him,     1  intend  to  explore  this  retreat  of  the  ancient  chieftains  of  this  neigh- 
ourhood  on  an  early  day,  and  to  supply  you  with  a  deticription  in  detail"* 


858  [Oct. 


CHARACTERISTICS  OF  OLD  CHURCH  ARCHITECTURE,  &c.,  IN 
THE  MAINLAND  and  WESTERN  ISLANDS  of  SCOTLAND'. 

We  opened  this  handsome  and  sumptuous  volume  with  great  expecta- 
tions ;  it  appeared  to  contain  a  great  deal  of  interesting  information  com- 
bined with  some  amusement ;  we  laid  it  down  again,  after  patiently  wading 
through  it  for  some  hours,  with  a  painful  sense  of  oppression  and  weariness. 
We  are  very  reluctant  to  speak  harshly  of  the  book  or  its  author,  of  whom 
we  know  nothing,  as  he  does  not  give  us  his  name  or  any  clue  to  his 
antecedents :  he  is  evidently  a  man  of  considerable  industry,  and  per- 
severance,  and  a  firm  determination  to  carry  out  his  object;  and  he  is 
entitled  to  great  credit  for  applying  himself  diligently  to  a  careful  investiga- 
tion of  a  number  of  small  islands  seldom  visited  or  examined,  and  not  easy 
of  access :  his  intentions  were  all  of  the  best,  we  only  regret  that  he  was 
not  better  prepared  to  give  the  results  of  his  investigations  in  a  more 
readable  form ;  he  is  not  devoid  of  ability,  and  can  write  pleasantly  when 
he  permits  himself  to  write  naturally.  Unfortunately,  he  seems  to  have 
considered  it  necessary  always  to  walk  upon  stilts  when  he  had  to  labour 
at  the  important  task  he  had  set  himself  of  describing  the  early  architecture 
of  these  Islands.  He  has  altogether  mistaken  his  vocation ;  if  he  had  con- 
tented himself  with  writing  a  pocket  guide-book  for  travellers  in  those 
regions,  he  would  have  made  a  useful  and  an  entertaining  book ;  but  to  write 
a  readable  book  upon  architecture  a  man  must  have  travelled,  he  must  be 
able  to  compare  the  buildings  of  one  country  with  those  of  another,  must 
be  well  acquainted  with  the  history  of  those  countries,  and  be  prepared  to 
shew  the  natural  connection  between  their  buildings  and  their  histoiy .  The 
author  of  the  work  before  us,  worthy  and  excellent  man  as  we  believe  him 
to  be  from  external  evidence,  is  sadly  deficient  in  these  qualifications.  He 
has  studied  the  architecture  of  Scotland  thoroughly,  and  this  is  great  praise ; 
he  knows  something  of  the  corresponding  buildings  of  England  and  France, 
but  apparently  from  books  only,  and  those  books  almost  entirely  the  works 
published  by  the  Cambridge  Camden  Society,  now  the  Ecclesiological 
Society :  but  it  must  have  been  in  its  earlier  days  and  in  its  original  form 
that  this  writer  became  acquainted  with  its  works,  unfortunately  for  himself 
and  his  readers.  The  mass  of  confusion,  the  quantity  of  unreadable  and 
almost  unintelligible  stuflf  which  he  has  piled  together  in  consequence,  is 
hardly  credible,  and  is  very  much  to  be  regretted  on  every  account. 

The  first  half  of  the  volume  is  taken  up  with  what  are  called  Maixlaxd 

*  "  Characteristics  of  Old  Church  Arcliitecture,  &c.,  in  the  Mainland  and  Western 
Islands  of  Scotland."    (4ta,  240  pp.     Edinburgh :  Edmonston  and  Doaglas) 


186L]     Characterutics  of  Old  Church  Archil tcture,  ^c.  359 

CltABACTEaisTlcs,  which  have  nothing  whatever  to  do  with  the  second  half, 
on  Island  Cb  aeacteristics.  The  first  half  relaies  to  the  churches  of  llie 
Lowland  Scots,  and  it  h  this  part  of  the  volume  which  is  thrown  into  such 
hoi>eleM  confusion  by  the  attempts  at  fine  writing,  the  use  and  abuse  of 
hard  words  when  plain  ones  wuyld  have  come  more  naturally  and  have 
been  more  intelli^ihle,  and  the  vain  attempt  to  fit  the  Camdenian  nomen- 
clature to  Scotch  architecture,  which  renders  the  book  perfecily  bewildering. 
The  first  chapter  treats  of  the  Norman  peuiod,  and  this  is  one  of  the  best 
pftrta  of  the  book ;  there  is  something  definite  about  it,  and  we  can  follow  it, 
though  we  have  not  found  anything  new;  the  structures  s^poken  of  do  not 
matf^rially  differ  from  the  corresponding  buildings  In  England  and  France. 
But  we  cannot  understand  why  in  this  chapter  we  arc  to  be  told  that 
Celso,  founded  and  said  to  have  been  commenced  in  1128,  is  almost 
bolly  tramiiioual  Rawanesque^  of  late  florid  character."  The  "Norman 
period/'  given  in  the  margin,  is  something  definite  and  intelligible^  but 
'*  (rafi$Uional  Romanesque"  is  altogether  vague,  indefiriiie.  and  uninleUi- 
gible  ;  Romanesque  is  generally  understood  as  an  imitation  of  Roman,  and 
isa  ver)*  comprehenf^ive  term,  useful  in  its  way^  but  by  no  means  synonymous 
with  Norman,  as  this  writer  supposes;  and  Mr»  Fergusson  having  used  it 
in  quite  a  different  sense,  makes  the  use  of  this  term  nither  tend  to  coa* 
fusion  than  anything  else,  and  tranntional  Romanesque  may  be  of  almost 
any  style  and  any  period.  It  appears  that  the  pure  Norman  style  continued 
in  use  in  Scotland  to  rather  a  later  period  than  in  England,  and  generally 
to  quite  the  end  of  the  twelfth  century  ;  and  some  singular  varieties  of  this 
style  are  given  in  outline  woodcuts.  The  tower  of  Dunning  has  evidently 
been  a  fortress  as  well  as  a  church  tower,  as  shewn  by  the  putlog-holes,  for 
throwing  out  the  wooden  gHlkries  or  sciiffolding,  Cidled  hourd^  by  the 
French  writers  on  military  architecture  ;  probably  the  word  is  the  same  as 
the  English  hoardn  or  hoards,  hoardintf  ur  boarding,  but  the  name  matters 
little,  their  use  has  been  admirably  described  by  M,  Viollet-lc*Buc,  and 
should  have  been  here  referred  to.  The  hors^e-shoe  form  applied  to  a  belfiy- 
window  at  Muthill  is  new  to  us ;  it  is  common  at  a  certain  period  as  applied 
to  the  chanct'l-arch,  or  to  vaulting  in  some  parts  of  England,  as  at  Glou- 
cester, but  we  do  not  remember  to  have  seen  it  applied  to  a  window.  The 
details  of  this  example  wculd  in  England  be  of  the  time  of  Henry  L,  in 
Scotland  they  may  be  later :  the  same  may  be  said  of  the  lower  of  Markinch. 
The  three  round  towers  of  Scolland,  Egilsha,  Brechin^  and  Abemethy  are 
identical  with  those  of  Ireland,  The  remarks  on  these  are  sensible*  but 
something  more  definite  might  have  been  said  about  the  date  of  them ; 
we  believe  there  is  evidence  that  the  one  at  Brechin  was  built  in  the  eleventh 
century,  and  the  Norman  windows  in  that  at  Abernethy  mark  that  also  as 
of  about  the  same  period,  or  later.  The  very  curious  imitation  of  the  Nor- 
man ityle  with  all  its  details  in  the  Scottish  castles  of  the  sixteenth  century 
should  have  been  meulioticd* 


- " • ■  •—if ■ 


^         % 


secret     :     -r._ 


1 861 .]     in  the  Mainland  and  Western  Islands  of  Scotland.        361 


be  Scots  settled  in  Ireland,  or  whether  similar  structures  are  found  in 
'  JN'orway,  or  any  of  the  other  Scandinavian  kingdoms. 

We  do  not  wish  to  part  on  bad  terras  with  our  author;  we  respect  hia 
enterprise  and  his  energy,  and  only  regret  that  so  much  of  it  has  been 
thrown  away,  owing  to  his  having  followed  a  wjll-of-the-wisp  which  has 
led  him  into  a  muddle.  We  will  not  do  hira  the  injustice  of  quoting  any  of 
his  descriptions  of  buildings  witliout  the  woodcuts  whicli  arc  necessary  to 
make  them  inteDigible,  but  we  subjoin  a  few  extracts  to  shew  what  an  ex- 
cellent and  amusing  guide-book  he  miglU  iiave  made,  and  only  regret  we 
have  not  room  for  more  :  his  excursion  to  tlic  Island  of  Ronay,  in  particular, 
is  admirably  told,  but  it  is  too  long  to  extract. 


^H  ten 


*'Did  we  not  know  that  recreative  travel  U,  in  moist  part,  but  lioine-restlc«sne«  and 
fcmtine,  U  would  not  be  easy,  perhups,  to  fiithom  the  incaniiig  of  that  throng  wliich, 
"  ij  by  diiy  tlirooghout  'the  aeasoti/  keeps  burryhjg  bt'ttdlong  from  Port  Crinan  to 
Oban,  witliout  «ecining  ever  to  think  it  wortli  wliile  to  bait  at  the  little  ingxilat(Hl 
tpoU  lying,  brimful  of  b-euutyj  on  tho  right  hanil  and  on  the  left  hand  between. 

"That  tha  porposctktt  tourist,  dr4?«iiiing'  at  beat  of  his  tea-dinner  at  the  'Cale- 
donian/ shonlJ  here,  as  ©?cry where,  skip  »o  mneh  of  what  ho  profesaea  to  worship,  ia 
of  ainall  consiiqiience,  certainly,-^*  honey,*  saya  Sancbo,  •  was  not  made  for  the  mouth 
of  an  aaa/ — bnt  the  omittiologijit,  the  botanist,  the  geologist,  or  even  yoar  crazy  eccle- 
laologUt — that  he  should  be  so  s^ildoin  un.rt  with  in  sueh  felieitoua  and  fecund  places. 
Is  indeed  a  marvel,  possible  of  explanation  only  by  snppoalng  that^  in  recreative  travel, 
as  in  matters  more  s<?rions,  we  are  ever  for  getting  aver  intich  ground,  ever  for  going 
long  dbiancaa,  and  over  being  never  able  to  ateaif  with  anything  near  to  our  nosea. 

**  Or  h  it,  after  all,  only  becnnsc  there  ore  no  hoascs  of  public  entertainment  in 
these  sednded  places,  that  you  seek  no  acquaintanee  with  Ibem  ?  Tnsh !  try  your 
lock,  man,  and  know  by  simple  Boding  out,  that  am/  house  you  ehooso  to  enter  is 
your  inn,  and  a  good  one,  too,  for  all  you  »hould  in  reason  stand  in  need  of,  if  yon  hut 
put  to  your  hand  to  do  a  few  odd  jobs  for  your  own  behoof,  cache w  vulgar  airs,  and 
feel  full  of  your  object. 

"But|  have  you  an  object?— a  hobby? — a  wWm? — give  it  any  narao**U  it  some- 
thing yon  love? — Well,  then,  withont  thinking  of  what  yon  shftU  eat,  or  of  what  you 
shall  drink,  or  where  you  shall  pillow  your  head,  jiist  drop  ashore,  and  learn  from  the 
merest  self-fiDflSciency^  not  only  how  ca»y  and  pleaeant  it  is  to  go  oot  of  the  beaten 
track,  but  bow  often,  too,  the  leaving  of  it  must  be  repeat4Ml  before  you  can  know 
aught  of  highland  Scotland* 

"  It  is  no  part  of  my  engagement  to  expatiate  upon  the  eye  and  mind  ddigbt  there 
u  within  these  Lorn  islandst  wasiing^ — to  the  ht.'edless  tmveller,  at  any  rate — its  fobon 
Ott  the  ocean  air,  else,  perad venture,  I  might  fly  off  with  it  into  unapproachable 
Tegtons  of  poetic  rapture!  Therefore  1  stick  to  sober  narrative — a  more  drudging 
vehicle,  trtUy,  but  manageable,  and  like  'the  barber's  chair,  it  fits  all  buttocks/ "— 
(pp,  134,  135.) 

"  Eilean  Naomh,  or  Holy  Ishind,  is  the  southernmost  of  four  small  islands,  forming 
what  is  sometimes  called  the  GarveUoch  range,  lying  nearly  midway  between  Scarba 
and  Mull. 

**  My  first  visit  to  it  was  from  Kiels  on  the  Knapdnlc  coast,  under  the  conduct  of 
one  Archibald  Campbell,  a  bred  f^imanf  who  having  tired  of  an  uut|Uidif!i'd  oceundife, 
was  nmn^ing  himself  with  looking  after  a  bit  of  obdurate  fdrm,  nnd  the  ferrying  ovt^r 
her  Miycsty's  mail  to  her  kUted  lovitcs  in  Jora»  But,  as  the  miiil  was  only  an  occa* 
nofnal  affair,  and  as  the  farm  could,  at  a  piQch*  bo  very  well  left  to  look  after  itself, 
GfiiTT.  Maq.  Vul.  CCXl.  z  X 


362 


Ckaracterutict  of  Old  Church  Architecture,  ^•c.g        [Osfe 


rOsfe  I 


to  tl^M 


Arcliy  wM  joor  mftti,  ol  ^  momcnfs  uotice,  for  Eilcan  Xiiomli,  or  for  ssjriiiijig  tbt 

yon  could  derifte  ii«  a  meftiii  of  belpmg  him  ofT  with  a  part  ofhts  mperiltir/iis  lebttre.  ^ 

**  It  might  have  been  ftboni  midnight  when   I  arrived  nt  the  ft:rry-!ioost*, 
Archji  nAer  bricflj  talking  aver  the  boiincsB.aLd  settling  fbr  hi  cofswencemtmt  i 
esrl/  hour,  rt^tircd  to  an  inner  spartment  for  a  iDntcb  of  preparatory  repose,  1 
me  to  find,  in  default  of  a  more  inviting  dormitory,  wbnt  rest  I  ccmld  on  a  coup 
wooden  chairs  drawn  up  to  the  fire, 

*' A  HightAndman«  onee  ^on  have  got  him  falrlj  into  motion,  is  genenlly  as  f 
persevering,  and  i4Milon«lj  disposed^  in  the  poshing  throngb  with  his  wurk,  as  eoa]^ 
d^red  ;  but  allow  biro  his  own  time  to  begin  it — let  him  be  a  moment  atone  (a  i 
more,  or,  properly  speaking  no  more.,  abcnt  it — indn}ge  him  b«t  for  an  instant  t 
about  any  straggling  aJ&ir — furnish  btoo,  in  *bort,  with  an  opportonity  of  doing  i 
thing  but  at  once  going  down  to  hia  boat  and  setting  it  adrift, — and.  the  chnnc«s  ar«i  ' 
your  morning  and  noon  are  idled  away  in  nselon  doorside  remonstrance^  and  the  wasted  j 
sun  goes  down  on  your  as  oseleMi  wrath, 

*'  Aurora  came  forth  from  her  silver  shrine,  and  from  his  golden  tabemade,  eftm 
the  sun ;  but  no  Arcby  Campbell  to  bid  the  gracious  visitnnts  good-morrow,  I  pa 
his  door  ajar;  ont-forth,  on  the  imtant,  a  latrant  rabblement  of  ducks  and  Lens  ; 
below  the  tileeper's  crib,  wild  with  the  pangs  of  their  nocturnal  fust^ — yet  the  slo 
slumbered  on  in  sweet  forget  fulness  of  bargains  pist  or  to  come.  Letting  the  i 
bi[HMla  escape  to  the  enjoyment  of  their  out-dfior  freedom,  I  retomed  and  jogge*l  j 
Blu^'gJird's  gljotilder — *  Archy  I'  Archy  startled  ont  an  'oich  !*  in  a  tone  ciL|irc8iiylS 
fiomt'thing  between  a  'ye«l*  and  'what  is  it?'  hastily  erecting  himself  at  the  6aino 
tnoment  on  his  elbows  and  knees,  as  if  he  were  going  to  spring  head  foremost  out  of  | 
the  bed.  The  niituro  of  the  alarm,  however,  be^Hjming  almost  presently  apparent* 
Archy  forthwitli  dropped  leisurely  down  ngatn  into  his  former  position,  witli  a  yawn 
ao  indicative  of  genniuo  distrisa,  thut  I  was  fain  to  leave  him  to  hiuiself,  and  take  my 
clmnce  of  whatever  an  hoar  or  two  of  tlic  future  would  bring  forth. 

"  Hours  and  more  hoart  rolled  on,  and  Arcliy,  now  fresh  as  a  giant,  dribbled  about 
as  though  much  in  wnnt  of  somrthiug  todoj  yet  the  Ellenn  Kaomh  engagement  never  ^ 
aeomed  to  get  forward  by  the  merest  hair^breadth  to  anything  regembling  a  towa 
condition.     There  is  ever  a  lion  in  the  way  of  your  kzy  or  irresolute  man,  and  An 
path  to  the  sacred  isJand  was  full  of  that  animal.     At  eight  o'clock — ire  would  i 
jtome  breakfast :  at  nine — t^  teas  time  enough:  at  ten — thert  *p<w  no  trnnd :  at  cl^ 
— the  iJitand  wa^  a  long  way  off^EUean  Mi^r  ufOi  mneh  nearer — £iletin  Mifr  j 
a  pretty  uland — ire  would  go  to  Si/ean  M(}r — t^  would  be  just  Ihs  ^ame  thing  I 

"  *  No,  noj  no !     I  am  here  to  get  to  Eilean  Nuomb,  and  unlew  yo\i  can  go  to  tip  i 
^o  Ibis  Instant,  I  shnll  l^e  otlfrom  Kiels  to  try  my  tuck  at  another  place.' 

**  In  less  than  ten  minutes  Archy  walked  resolvedly  down  to  the  boat  with  ft  ke 
water  on  his  shoulder.     A  thing  begun,  says  the  proverb,  is  half  ended;  but  Ard 
beginning  looked  uncommonly  like  the  very  ending  itself,  so  long  was  it  befon 
came  hack  for  his  si^cond  instalment,  which  lay  awaiting  him  in  the  shape  of  a  ' 
kettle  and  some  morsels  of  provond  tied  up  in  a  handkerchief.    In  course  of  time,  1 
ever,  thtse  also  got  on  their  way,  and  our  second  *hnnd' — a  stout  lud  of  eighte 
fallowing  elo««ly  up  with  an  am) full  of  peut«— everything  was  declared  ready  fori 
start, — ^only— jii».t  in  time  !     Archy  had  forgotten  (of  all  things  *)  his  «T»tch,  nod  I 
being  gono  for  and  gotten— where  was  the  tiller  P     But,  to  skip  over  some  tH 
qunrterf!  of  nn  hour,  or  so— matters  got  rightetl  at  last,  mid  ere  long  wc  were  cren 
into  the  little  bay  of  Chnrsaig,  a  few  miles  northward  of  Kids.     Hero,  anchored  to 
point  of  a  rock,  I  was  letl  in  command,  whilst  my  comradi?f  went  over  to  Tayva 
for  some  'small  deer,'  wherewith  to  snppltment  the  som«jwhiit  ingustable  contetitf 
the  ferry  house  keg  and  kettle.     By  the  time  they  were  btick  from  the  eipcditta 
br^*£«  bad  sprung  up;  and  scudding  briskly  before  it,  wc  wae  quickly  at  th«  i 


1861.]     in  the  Mainland  and  Western  Islands  of  Scotland.        363 

of  Carry VTGcknn,  but  had  to  miike  a  httlting  on  Jum  mitil  the  flood,  winch  %vo5  nmning 
iiiiX>otuously  through  that  more  dreaded,  ixrhap*,  tbau  daogcrouB  passage,  hud  some- 
what subftidedt 

m 

*' At  crar  re-itarting  the  wind  was  greatly  fullen,  and  bo  Fore  wo  reaehed  the  middle 
of  the  gulf  it  was  nhnrjet  u  deud  cnlm.  Airhy  looked  aroaiid  anxiously  f^i*  ^  minute  or 
two,  and  then  taking  oat  bis  dial,  said  that  if  we  didn*t  get  out  of  it  soon,  we  should 
liflf  e  the  ebb  opon  us,  and  then  '  we  would  see  tun  V  What  kind  of  fuu  was  to  bo  ex* 
peeted  in  such  a  higubriouB-looking  plaee  I  could  not  imagiiie,  uulcss  it  were  a  whirl 
in  the  juws  of  Charybdls;  and  as  thiit,  after  a  momeot's  consklerHtion,  did  not  seem 
to  cither  of  ua  preciaeljr  the  sort  of  thing  we  had  come  in  search  of^  we  dctt?nnioed  to 
take  lustily  to  the  oort,  and  he,  if  possible,  out  of  it  before  the  opening  of  the  enter- 
tainmeut. 

"Matters  were  managed  to  a  nicety;  our  boat,  though  a  heavy  one,  wna  bolted 
through  the  current  and  thunted  into  stijl  water.  It  had  eo«t  some  tuggirig,  however; 
and  u  little  overconie  by  it,  the  bojvt  was  left  to  her  pleasure,  whilst  we  took  rest,  and 
a  mouth fhl  of  the  gear  which  hiid  been  put  on  board  at  Chursaig."— (pp,  137 — 139.) 

"  Of  this  lot  of  Beatona,  Neil  seems  to  have  been  the  most  eeh^brated,  and  so  prompt 
and  potent  were  his  cares,  particukirly  of  *  Running-sores,  grovioos  Headaches,  Coughs, 
and  pains  in  the  Belly,'  llmt  patients  flocked  to  bim  from  all  pUiees,  ever  so  iliatant, 
for  the  benefit  of  his  vegetable  juioei,  extracted  from  '  Plant*  and  Rwts  after  a 
(liymical  way,  iKtculutr  to  himself/ — of  rather,  as  was  quietly  esumniscd,  to  the  devil, 
from  whom,  for  a  consideration,  payable  at  a  certain  date,  be  ha<i  been  favoure<l  with 
the  Ilecipe.  Fame  impntatively  derived  from  such  a  source  was  likely  enough  not 
reatly  coveted  by  the  Skye  Dwtor,  but  consciousness  of  his  want  of  orthodox  training 
l^robahly  induced  him  to  wink  at  the  compliment.  Knowledge  of  Pathology  must  be 
otton  laboriously,  and  at  cost,  somehow,  and  if  Nell  Beaton  didn't  got  what  ho  knew 
■  of  it  from  a  /amitiar,  where  was  Keil  Beaton's  diploma  to  shew  that  he  had  it  from 
hands  more  reputable  ?  So,  with  Doctor  Neil  there  could  be  but  two  ways  of  it, 
namely,  either  to  acknowledge  his  Friend  and  the  /  O  U,  or  be  *  the  illiterate  Em- 
perick'  which  Martin  styles  bim,  *  v\  ho  never  appeared  in  the  qualtty  of  a  Physician 
"ontil  he  arrived  at  the  age  of  Forty  Years,  and  then  also  without  the  advantage  of 
Education/'*— (p,  146,) 

'*  Looking  about  for  my  companion,  who  after  our  arrival  hud  slipped  out  of  sight, 

I  found  him  crumpled  up  in  the  bottom  of  a  sand-pit,  not  exactly  asleep — for  to  any 

t  creature  less  ardent  than  a  salamander,  absolute  rcpo&e  in  soch  a  place,  and  on  such 

fft  day,  would  have  Ijeen  simply  impracticitble— but  In  a  state  indiciiting-  a  nearer  ap- 

[  proach  to  it  tlian  could  have  been  imagined  poasible.     The  oir  was  intensely  hot,  nud 

5  thought,  as  1  looked  at  the  overcome  eoodition  of  poor  Murdoch,  and  the  open  arid 

track  lying  yet  before  as,  glowing  under  the  effulgence  of  a  uiid-dny  sun,  that  a 

mouthful  of  tffHarifft  or  even  of  the  thin  ale  which  the  bondfde  could  have  gotten  in 

Martin's  timc^  wcmld  have  done  neither  of  us  much  harm.*  "--(p.  155.) 


r 

» 

I  864  [Oct 


1 


RESTORATION  OF  LAVENHAM  CHURCH. 
The  noble  Perpendicular  church  of  Lavenham,  in  Suffolk^  is  at  present 
in  course  of  restoration,  and  what  has  been  already  done  is  effected  in  good 
taste.  We  regret  to  hear,  however,  as  too  oflen  happens,  that  the  work 
turns  out  to  be  much  more  expensive  than  was  at  first  contemplated,  and 
funds  are  urgently  wanted  to  carry  it  to  a  satisfactory  conclusion.  From 
a  local  paper  (the  '*  Bury  Post")  we  see  that  the  roof  of  the  nave,  which 
was  in  a  very  dangerous  state,  has  been  secured,  the  lead  has  been  re- 
newed, the  interior  has  been  cleared  of  its  many  coats  of  whitewash,  an 
ugly  organ-gallery  has  been  swept  away,  and  the  fine  east  window  (for- 
merly blocked  at  its  lower  part)  restored  to  its  true  proportions : — 

"  It  is  now  filled  with  stained  glass,  representing  the  Crucifixion,  with  an  inscription 
from  the  Litany,  and  the  Virgin  and  St.  John,  St.  Peter  and  St  Paal,  in  the  lower 
lights;  the  emblems  of  the  Evangelists  above,  and  a  'Migesty*  in  the  apex;  whilst 
a  Latin  inscription  intimates  that  it  has  been  placed  there  by  the  Rector  (the  Ber. 
J.  M.  Croker)  as  a  memorial  to  his  parents.  Messrs.  Lavers  and  Barrand  are  the 
artists,  and  its  execution  (espedally  in  the  chief  figure)  b  exceedingly  good.  The 
window  on  the  south  side  of  the  communion-table  is  also  to  be  filled  with  stained  glass, 
representing  the  infant  life  of  Christ,  and  the  west  window  with  the  life  of  St.  Peter, 
to  whom  the  church  is  dedicated,  both  these  being  the  gifts  of  Messrs.  Thompson,  the 
Rector's  brothers-in-law. 

*'  The  sums  collected  for  the  undertaking  have  amounted  to  about  £1,450,  of  which 
the  parishioners  have  liberally  raised  £300  by  rate,  and  a  somewhat  larger  sum  by 
voluntary  contributions,  and  the  Rector  and  his  family  and  friends  have  supplied  a 
large  portion  of  the  reminder;  but,  when  the  paving  and  fitting  up  of  the  chancel 
have  been  completed,  these  resources  will  be  exhausted,  leaving  nothing  for  the  aisle 
roofs,  which  are  in  a  deplorable  state — ^not  even  weather-tight,  and  for  restoring  which 
£300  or  £400  will  be  required,  reserving  for  some  future  time  the  re-seating  of  the 
church,  which  is  highly  desirable." 

To  complete  these  works  an  appeal,  which  we  trust  will  be  successful^ 
is  now  made  to  the  public  by  the  Rector.  The  church  has  been  pro- 
nounced by  Mr.  Penrose,  the  architect  under  whose  direction  the  works 
are  carried  on,  to  be  the  finest  Perpendicular  church  in  England  ;  and  con- 
sidering the  change  which  has  taken  place  in  the  little  "  town"  of  Laven- 
ham  since  the  days  when  its  prosperous  clothiers  lent  their  aid  to  rear  this 
house  to  God's  honour,  the  call  which  is  now  made  upon  all  who  love  the 
Church,  to  rescue  the  edifice  from  dilapidation,  and  to  restore  it  to  its 
pristine  strength  and  beauty,  ought  not  to  be  disregarded. 


1861.] 


865 


THE  MTSEUK  FOMfEI)  DUIIIIS^G  THE  EECEXT  AllCHiEO- 
LOGICAL  MEETIA'G  AT  PETEKBOROUGK. 

*Wb  have  already  stated  that  time  did  not  allow  of  a  Catalogue  being 
drawn  up  by  the  Directors  of  the  Museum  of  tlte  many  curioas  and 
valuable  objects  that  had  been  collected  at  Peterboiough,  and  therefore 
in  our  former  report  we  could  give  but  a  very  inadequate  idea  of  the  result 
of  their  labours.  Tlie  courtesy  of  one  of  their  number  now  allows  ub  to 
present  the  following  r^sum^,  which  was  necessary  to  the  completeness  of 
our  account  of  the  Congress. 


Tub  collections,  which  daring  the  recent 
ittx)Iogicnl  nieetiug-  nt  Peterborough 
esnmined  by  a  Urge  number  of  vbi- 
tar»  with  80  much  HatlsfiictioD,  coioraeuced 
with  the  relics  of  flint  And  atone,  the  ciir- 
lifi«t  traces  to  be  foond  of  the  band  of 
nuuit  the  only  sources  of  infonntttion, 
■canty  as  they  may  bo,  in  regard  to  the 
very  obscure  periud  of  primeval  occapa- 
tion.  With  the  numerons  types  of  wca- 
pom  »r\d  ini piemen t«  of  stone,  many  of 
them  brouglit  together  from  the  atljucent 
district-,  or  from  the  fen -country  of  East 
Anglia,  m  reniarkiibly  protluctivo  of  pri- 
mifvnl  remains,  a  curio db  group  of  objects 
waa  exblbited,  being  the  weapon«  of  flint 
fhim  the  ttrttary  drift  in  this  cotmtry  and 
ID  the  north  of  Franc f*,  the  occurrence  of 
which,  with  the  remains  of  the  mammoth 
and  other  extinct  amniuls,  has  ktely  pro- 
senttnl  »o  iotercsting  a  problem  to  the 
antiquary  no  leas  than  to  the  geoltjgiHt. 
The  chief  forms  of  flint  axes,  A'c,  from  the 
bed  at  Hoxne  in  Suffolk,  and  frnin  tlie 
valley  of  the  Somme  in  Pieardy,  were  well 
illutftrated  by  tha  aelection  shewn  in  the 
Institute's  Mqacutd,  and  accompanied  by 
an  extensive  naaeinblage  of  the  flint  flakes, 
knires,  arrow-heads,  and  other  objects, 
chii'fly  from  more  northern  localitiea. 
From  these  vestige*  of  races  long  for- 
gotten, the  visitor  proceeded  to  tbe  wea- 
pons of  bronxe,  shewing  no  alight  degree 
of  skill  in  metallurgy,  and  in  casting  ob- 
jects  salted  to  the  daily  reqnireroents  of 
a  mor^  advanced  oonditlou  of  society. 
Kamerous  remarkable  rclici  of  thii  okai 
were  contributed  from  the  Ely  UiueaiD, 


and  also  by  Mr,  A.  Trolh^pe,  the  Hev, 
Greville  Cliester,  the  Rev,  J.  Beck,  Mr. 
C.  Tucker,  Mr.  Bnickfttfmc,  &c.  From  celta 
and  spwira,  and  wt4b tampered  hlatles  of 
bronze,  of  which  Eust  Anglia  prescnta 
many  skilfully  formed  exani|iles,  we  pro- 
ceed to  the  traces  of  Roman  domimon^-^ 
peraonnl  ornamenU,  pottvry^  weapoiu,  and 
took  of  iron,  with  the  inTiunierable  relica 
found  on  sites  of  Komao  occupation,  such 
as  Castor  and  Water  Newton,  nnd  immcr- 
ons  localities  in  Northamptonshire  and  ad- 
jacent partfl. 

These  relics,  however,  scarcely  present 
SfQch  varied  and  striking  features  of  in- 
terest as  are  to  be  found  in  those  of  the 
Anglo-Saxon  age,  or  in  tlio«e  of  more  rare 
occurrence  which  may  bo  assixiated  with 
the  inro«da  of  Scandinavian  races,  by  whom 
the  district  waa  frefiuently  overrun.,  Th© 
Marcbionesa  of  Huntly  ituitributcd  to  the 
museum  numerous  Saxon  rtlics,  urns,  or* 
n anient*,  and  weapons  found  at  Botolpli- 
bridge ;  aud  Sir  Henry  Dryden's  viduablo 
eolk'ctioii  of  relic«  of  the  ftaiiie  period  in- 
cluded spedmens  of  very  curious  and  varied 
chomcier,  presenting  evidence  of  oo  slight 
advance  in  metallurgical  skill  and  In  social 
progress.  Amongst  the  mi^cellaneoua  an- 
tic|niticB  of  the  earlier  periods  may  be 
mentioned  these  contributed  by  Mr.  M. 
H.  llloxam,  of  Rngby,  and  by  Mr.  God- 
da  rtl,  of  Leicesster,  a  locality  which  has 
been  especially  productive  of  renmins  of 
the  Roman  period;  and  numerous  in- 
teresting relics  were  enlrnstcd  for  exhibi- 
tion from  the  local  mnseoms  at  Ely  and 
Wisbvcb;  and  also  on   extensive  a«eem- 


866         Archaeological  Institute  Mmeum  at  Peterborough.       [Oct.] 


bloge  of  minor  relics  collected  by  the  Rev. 
Qrenlle  Clietter  at  Dunwich,  which  serve 
to  prove  not  only  the  Gxistence  of  an  ex- 
tensive population  or  city 'now  dcatroyed 
by  inroadi  of  the  ocean  near  that  poeition 
on  the  ooaits  of  Eust  Anglia,  bnt  sapply 
to  the  geologist  undeniable  evidence  of 
the  great  changes  which  have  occurred 
even  within  the  range  of  historic  times. 

Numeroits  valuable  exnniplea  of  mc- 
dieviil  art  werQ  di«plnyed.  such  as  a  caiket 
formed  of  the  tuak  of  the  narwlud,  cari- 
oosly  BCnlptured  with  gnbjecta  of  Scan* 
dlnA\nan  legendary  atory,  and  inscribed 
with  Runes :  this  remarknble  object*  for- 
merly |»re8erved  in  the  treasury  of  a  ea- 
tbcilral  in  France,  was  brought  by  the 
Director  of  the  Society  of  Antiqattric«  of 
London,  Mr.  Franks*  Several  scnlpturcv 
in  ivory  were  also  exhibited  by  Mr.  Webb, 
Mr.  Philip  Howard,  the  Marquis  of  North- 
iimpton,  and  Mr.  Kdmnnd  Waterton.  To 
the  diitlngnished  antiquary  hist  named 
the  niuseum  was  indebtetl  not  only  for  an 
unique  assemblage  of  ancient  jeweUery 
and  goldsmiths'  work,  consiiiiing  of  ringa 
of  every  period  and  of  all  countries,  a  col- 
lection which  extends  to  not  less  thun  400 
examples  of  great  valoe,  but  he  also  con- 
tributed some  fine  enamels  from  Italy, 
works  of  the  twelfth  century  :  and  the  art 
of  eniuncl,  to  which  the  choicest  relics  of 
medieval  taste  owe  their  chief  beauty,  was 
illufttrated  by  specimens  from  the  collec- 
tions of  Mr,  C.  J.  Palmer,  of  Yarmouth, 
Mr.  Webb,  Mr,  Albert  Way,  Mr.  Octavius 
Morgan,  M.P.,  and  from  the  precious  stores 
of  art  at  CVstle  Achby, 

Mr.  Morgan  brought  two  collections,  of 
special  character,  which  attracted  no  slight 
attention,  one  of  them  Ijeing  a  series  of 
the  massive  highly -ornamented  rings  of 
the  fifteenth  century,  bearing  the  arms, 
names,  and  insignia  of  certain  popes  and 
high  ecclesiastical  dignitaries,  and  possibly 
intended  to  serve  as  tokens  of  investiture. 
Or  of  authority  delegated  to  envoys  or  am- 
bassjulors.  Tlie  other  collection  oontri* 
bated  by  the  same  gentleman  consisted  of 
the  ridily-WTonght  chamberlains'  keys,  in- 
mgnbi  of  ofHoe,  docorated  with  the  beraldrj 
and  devices  of  the  nnmerons  sovcmgn 
firineos  of  Europe,  with  the  state  and 


etiquette  of  whose  courts  theae  corioos  re« 
lies  ore  associatod. 

Several  curious    sp^meni  of  ancient^ 
plate  were  exhibited  by  Lady   Kodncy^J 
Mr.  Morgan,  Mr.  C.  Tucker,  the  Marquis  J 
of  Northampton,  Ac,  and  some  l.»CBiutirul  | 
jewellery  of  various  periods  by  the  Rev.  ] 
James  Beck;  a  briiedet  furmtd  of  MiKie- I 
donia.n  gold  coins  of  Philip  and  Alexancler } 
the    Great»   by   the    Rev,    W.    Hamiltoal 
Thompson ;    an  eoameUed    and  jewelkd  [ 
elepliant,  the  badge  of  a  Danish  order  of  \ 
knighthood,  with  the  initmls  of  Charles 
VII,.  by  Mr,  Morgan ;  a  richly  jewelled 
aigrette^  soch  as  was  worn  by  J  nines  I. 
and  the  gnUants  of  his  court,  also  a  book* 
cover,  superbly  decorated  with  gold  andj 
silver,  from  the  collection  of  Mr.  H.  Cott* 

A  series  of  very  choice  illaminat«l  M  S8,, 
of  all  periods  and  schools    of  art,   waal 
brought  by  Mr.  Tite,  M.P.  j  and  an  ei-  \ 
tensive  exemplification  of  the  earliest  pro- 
ductions of  typography,  by  the  Rev.  J« 
Fuller  Russell,  including  many  rare  volumes  j 
from  the  presses  of  Caxt  on  and  Wynkin  del 
Wordey  "The  Shepherd's  Kalendar,*' by 
Julian  Notary,  1510;  an  unique  bull   of  ^ 
Leo  X.,  printed  by  Pynson ;  also  the  first 
edition  of  the  celebrated  letter  of  Colam- 
bus,  1493,  relating  his  discovery  of  Ame- 
rica: it  was  long  supposed  to  have  been^ 
lost,  and  was  unknown  to  Robertson  wbe]i.| 
he  wrote  the  "  Hiatoij  of  America."     Mr,l 
Wells  exhibited  the  silver  censer,  and  the  I 
ship  or  vessel  for  containing  incense,  fouudi 
in   draining   Wbittlesey  Mere,  and   sup« 
posed  to  have  belonged  to  Ramsey  Abbey. ' 
Some  glazed  pottery  found  at  the  same 
time  WAS  also  sent  by  the  Hon,  Mrs,  Wat->  1 
son,  from  Bodcingham  Costle*    These  ob*J 
jects  had  probsbly  been  thrown  into  the 
Mere  for  concealment  at  the  time  of  thai 
suppression  of  the  monasteries^ 

Numerous  other  objects  of  interest  were  j 
exhibited  in  the  ArchsDologioal  Mnsenm«  | 
but  its  most  striking  featnres  of  a ttr action  i 
to  the  majority  of  visitors  consisted  in  the 
collection  of  portrwta  of  Mary  Queen  oC 
Soots,  and  relics  associated  with  her  h!s«| 
toty^  and  especially  with  the  tenninatio 
of  her  captivity  io  the  castle  of  Fother<«l 
inghay.  The  veil  worn  by  Mary  on  that* 
was  sent  by   Sir  John  Stuart 


18C1  ]     Archmological  Institute  Mmeum  at  Peterbormigh.         367 


lippesley*  Imrt  It  came  into  the  poa- 
■s'lon  of  tbe  Connteas  of  Aruncltl  im* 
ptidmtely  after  tha  exefotion  ot  the  Queen 
Scots,  ftfut  was  sub&etpiently  in  the 
»ion  of  Jflmes  II,,  from  whom  it 
ndcd  to  Curdinal  Yorkc,  by  wkom  it 
;  presented  to  tlie  fatlier  of  the  present 
or.  With  this  relic  was  Hhewn  the 
>ld  rotary  nnd  cruciftx  wfnm  by  Mary 
Stuart  on  the  inoniing  of  her  death,  and 
entrusted  to  the  Institute  by  the  kindnt% 
of  Mrs.  Howard,  of  Corby  Custle,  with 
several  other  interesting  objects.  The 
.  Hon.  Geo.  Fitzwillinm  contributed  the 
nutifu]  jewelled  watt^b  preserved  ut 
liUoiif  with  the  tmditlon  thnt  it  hnd  he- 
on^d  to  Mary;  idso  txvo  niiniatnrei  of 
the  Queen  of  Seot*  in  early  life,  and  the 
portrait  of  James  L  in  his  sixth  year,  nn 
(Object  of  remarkable  intcre«<t,  aa  having 
cen  prcsetitetl  by  Mary  Stuurt  (at  whose 
xVs  head  thii  portrait  of  her  eon  had 
ivflually  bung)  to  Sir  Williara  Fitxwilli>nu, 
on  the  day  of  her  execution,,  as  a  token  of 
her  8en!»e  of  his  kind  usage  towards  her. 
The  Duke  of  ilarlborough  permitted  four 
miniatures  from  the  Blenheim  collection 
to  be  iidiled  to  the  series,  which  was  fur- 
Ui<?r  enriched  by  the  precious  cameo,  en- 
sted  by  the  Duke  of  BuL^rleueh,  with 
r^everal  other  ineatunahle  work*  of  art, 
nan  Illy,  the  bends  of  Mtiry  Stuart  and 
Darnley,  exquisitely  cut  upon  onjx,  imd 
attributed  to  Viikirio  Vicentino*  This 
i^Hiasterpiece  of  Italian  art  was  obtained  at 
\  Urge  price  at  the  dis^tcrt^iou  of  the  Ilertx 
collection.  The  portrait*  exhibited  of 
Jliiry  Stuart,  ineludiiig  paintings  of  Hfo' 
size,  mioiaturca,  and  engraved  portrait^ 
or  ongnivings  and  photographs  of  the 
remarkable  existing  types  in  tho 
yal  and  other  collections,  pre*iented  tho 
most  curious  series  hitherto  brought  to- 
gtthor  in  illustration  of  the  difBcnlt  qnes- 
tion  what  may  be  considered  as  the 
veritable  portiiuture  of  the  Queen  of 
Scots. 

Great  aa  the  discrepancy  may  bo  a- 
niong  the  portraits  attributed  to  Mary 
_ Stuart,  a  succession  of  authentic  types 
Day  esflily  be  pointed  out  The  earltest 
irns  doubtleai  that  eiccoted  frooi  the 
life  daring  her  reudence  at  the  ooort  of 


France.  There  is  evidence  that  she  sent 
her  poHnit  in  1555  as  a  present  to  her 
mother,  Mary  of  Lorruine,  Regent  of 
Scotland,  then  in  F.dinhurgh  j  and  a  pleas^ 
ing  drawing  in  crayons,  entrusted  to  the 
Institute  by  the  Eurl  of  Carlisle,  has  been 
cltotl  by  Prince  Labanoflf  as  the  earliest 
existing  type  possibly  of  that  portraiture, 
and  executed,  as  shewn  by  a  oootemporAry 
inscription,  when  Mary  was  aged  nins 
yeara  and  six  months.  Her  portrait  at  a 
somewhat  later  age,  and  representing  her 
as  the  aAianeed  sponse  of  the  Daupliin, 
(nfterwanls  Francis  II,,)  was  taken  by 
the  court  i^minter,  Frnnt^^ois  Clouet,  called 
Jnnet.  Of  this  period  there  was  ex- 
hibited 0  very  pleasing  example,  recently 
obtftined  from  France  by  the  distinguished 
eoUecfor  of  mcdlteval  art,  Mr.  Magniuc: 
it  is  inset  ibcd  La  Boifna  Dmiphine,  Of 
another,  of  beautiful  cUarnctcr,  in  the  pns- 
84?ssiooof  Mr.  Howard,  of  Grey  stoke  Casllc, 
a  fac'Simile  was  shewn,  and  also  several 
old  rt^prodactions,  including  one  from 
Madrid,  contributed  by  Sir  Woodbine 
Parifth,  with  others  slightly  varii*d  in 
ctwtume  or  details,  eoutributed  by  Mr. 
Rotlield,  M.P.,  from  Norton-hull,  by  Mr. 
Newman  Smith,,  by  Mr,  Piiilip  Howard* 
from  his  interesting  Stuart  collections  at 
Corby  Castle,  and  also  photograph*  of 
licvcral  others  in  variima  public  collectloiis. 
By  the  gracious  permission  of  tho  Queen, 
the  curious  portrait  of  Mary  preserved  at 
Hampton  Court,  and  bearing  the  crowned 
cipher  of  Cbarlos  I.,  eviderico  that  it  whs 
in  his  po«sc99ton  when  Prince  of  Wales, 
was  entrusted  for  exhibition.  It  pourtrays 
her  clad  in  tho  wliite  monrniug  customary, 
according  to  French  royal  etiquette,  on 
tho  death  of  Francis  11.  A  fine  cun- 
temporary  drawing  in  crayons,  from  iJr. 
Wellesky's  collection,  was  placed  with 
this  picture,  and  also  copies  of  similar 
drawings  in  tho  imperial  collectious  at 
Paris  and  elsewhere.  Her  Majesty  was 
also  pleased  to  enrich  the  scries  with  four 
choice  miniatures  from  her  collection  ut 
Windsor,  one  of  them  being  identified  aa 
having  belonged  to  Charles  I.,  and  of  tho 
most  autbentic  character  as  a  contemixi- 
rary  portraiture,  probably  froua  the  life. 
A  ii^all  pohating  on  panel,  representing 


3G8        Arch^oloffical  Imtiiuie  Musetim  at  Ptterborougn^ 


Mary  In  tbe  eauBhine  of  hor  rcsulcnce 
in  France,  was  *eiit  by  Colonel  Mtynck, 
from  GoadricU  Court.  The  Earl  Splicer 
■cut  from  AUIiorp  four  remark  nblu  p<.>r- 
traiU  of  the  Queen  of  Scots,  in  her  early 
years,  with  one,  of  much  interest,  repre- 
senting Francis  il.  Two  curious  paint- 
ings were  obtained  through  the  kuidncas 
cyf  the  Doke  of  Uamllion,  which  fire  pre- 
tenred  in  bia  private  apurtmentft  nt  Holy- 
rood  Finliico:  one  of  these,  however,  np- 
penred  to  be  the  portrait  of  Mary,  Queen 
of  England,  and  painted  In  1532,  A 
duimiing  and  most  authentic  miniatore, 
frgm  Mn  C.  S-  Bulc'a  collection,  pn-si^nted 
the  tmc  features  and  evpresiijon  of  Mary 
Stuart'a  eonntcnanee  in  1579,  the  date 
which  it  bejirs.  Abnut  that  time,  as  we 
lesirn  from  her  letter  to  the  A  re  li  bishop 
of  Glasgow,  written  dming  her  captivity 
at  Sheffield,  some  painter,  whose  nnme  is 
anforttiQatcly  not  recorded  in  the  letter, 
was  engaged  in  completing  her  portrait, 
the  only  one,  pn^bably,  taken  (roui  the 
life  at  that  period  of  her  long  imprison- 
ment in  England  J  and  according  to  tra- 
dition, the  fine  whole-length  portrait  pre- 
served at  Hardwick  -  hull,  and  sent  to 
enrich  the  series  by  the  permission  of  the 
Duke  of  DcTonsbire,  has  been  rcgiirdtd  as 
the  identical  painting  to  wliich  the  letter 
refors.  The  picture  is  dated  1578,  with 
the  artist's  nsnje,"P.  Oudry,  pinxit,"  This 
|>or trait  apjxenra  to  have  been  much  in 
request,  and  numeroas  good  copies  cicist, 
of  which  one  was  exhibited  by  Colonel 
Frascr,  of  Castle  Fraser,  Aberticcnshire, 
where  it  forms  part  of  n  royal  Scottish 
aerii's  executed  about  the  commencement 
of  the  seventeenth  century.  Of  the  latest 
portr-dtures  of  Mtiry.  towarci<i  the  close 
of  ber  captivity  at  Fothiringhay,  several 
eopif*  and  pliotugrnphs  were  produced  to 
render  the  scries  more  complet^^:  the^e 
included  the  full-length  at  Windsor,  at- 
tributed to  Myteui;  the  duplicate  of  the 
iame  painting,  beqncathed  to  the  Scotch 
College  at  Douaj  liy  Elizabeth  Curie,  one 
of  Mary  Sttiart*8  jitlcndants,  who  Mas 
present  at  her  execution ;  the  portrait  of 
Mary  introdueed  on  the  mural  montiment 
of  that  lady  in  the  church  of  St.  Andrew 
at  Antwerp ;  and  lastly*  a  very  similar  and 
3 


contemporary  portrait  in    pOMtjsiaii   of>| 
Lord  Greenock. 

Beside  tliose  already   mentional, 
traits  and  engravings  of  ccmiiiienible  tn«j 
tereat  were  contributed  by  Sir  John  TrxA 
lope,  Bart,,  t?ie  Mayor  of  Coventry.  MrJ 
J.  H.  Matthews,  Mr.  Slade,  Mr.  ColnaghSJ 
Mr-  Graves,  Miss  Agnes  Stricklnnd,  MpJ 
David  Laing,  the  Rev.  C.  Caldwell,  &o 
ITie  Hon.  Mrs.  Stnart  Mackenzie  eiliibiti'd 
a  valuable  little  half-length  of  l>«mley| 
and  two  i^ne  crayon  drawings  repreiientii 
him  were  sent  by  Dr.  Wclleslcy  and  MrJ 
Colnaghj,  the  latter  baviug  Ix'ou  in  thi 
collection  of  the  late  Mr.  Utterson.     Tlifl 
Duke  of  Devonshire  pennittcd  the  remarkJ 
able  portrait§  of  James  V.,  King  of  S< 
and  Hilary  of  Lorraine,  his  second  qu 
the  parents  of  Mary  Stuart,  to  be  sent  i 
Hardwick,  and  an  interesting  conip«riaoi|1 
was  tluis  obtained  to  the  portrait  of  Mvyif 
of  Lorraine  in  later  life  from  Uaiuptoi|.l 
Court,  sent  by  her  Majesty,  and  also 
aayon  drawings,  of  one  of  which,  now  in 
the  British  Museum,  a  copy  had  been  sup 
plied  by  Mr.  Carpenter,  the  other  drawin^i 
being  one  preserved  with  that  of  DmmloyI 
before  mentioned,  and  exhibited   by  'SltA 
Colnaghi.     The  portraits  of  Mary  of  Lor* 
raiiie  have   frtquently   been   confounde< 
with  those  of  Mary  Stuart^  and  such 
couipan^on  iis  was  thus  supplied  appcnrcdl 
of  considerable   advvintage  in  conn«dctio«J 
with  the  exhibition  contemplated. 

Of  Crtjmwcll  and  his  times,  nnmeroail 
illustrationa  were  to  be  found  in  the  MupI 
scum  of  the  Institute,    Tlie  relics  of  th«1 
field   of  Naseby,  buff-coats,  swords,  and] 
other  weapons,  itc,  were  indjiected  witb 
interest  ♦  also  the  hu-ge  pbin  of  the  battle 
exhibited  by  Mr,  Stopford,  with  the  ori-^ 
giuid  Bteel  matrix  of  the  seal  for  the  Parlia* 
ment,  a  work  of  the  skilful   Simon,   hf 
whom  the  fine  seals  of  the  time  of  th4 
Protectorate  were  executed*    Of  these  ili«| 
complete  series  was  brought  by  Mr.  HoAd/«J 
of  the  British  Museum.    The  Socifly  < 
Antiquaries  of  London  sent  CrumwellTi 
sword,    and   another  engi^aved   ^ilh    hiiJ 
jjortratt   and  devices  was   supplied   fron 
the  Dover  Mufeumt  Tlie  celebrntcd  Cliom^ 
well  miniature^  from  the  Duke  of  Uu 
dcudrs  rich  collection^  were  much 


1861.]     AretMkgieml  Im^itmie 


ai  Pelerbonmgk.        369 


mired,  at  vat  ^bo  tte  cbukI  I7  Zintk, 
exhibited  I7  M^  f^ukkad.  one  of  tke 
finest  pcBtnutaree  of  Ott  Pictoetor. 

or  the  ftiniiv  tiiMB  of  Bojafirti  aad 
Boondheedi  no  omll  vmmUber  of  mcbw 
nhle  rdici  were  dnvn  fcetk  fieai  the 
meneioDsof  oSdfioufieiof  X( 
dure.    Not  the 

of  one  of  the  brightert  nrai^fti  of 
A  loyal  hooM  in  thoee  daji  is  the  alrer 
partisan  of  Sir  WHfiaai  CoaiptoB,  the 
Taliant  gotetnoe  of  Banbaiy,  whose  gal- 
lant oondoet  at  the  siege  of  Colchester 
won  the  eommendatians  of  Ghnnwdl  Imn- 
self.  This  samptnous  weapon,  pteseiicd 
at  Castle  Ashby,  and  sent  to  the  Xnsen 
hy  the  Marqius  of  XofthsaiptoB,  may 
have  been  part  of  Sir  WHfiam's  ofieial 
insignia  as  Master  General  0/ the  Ord- 
nance :  that  high  Amction  was  confaied 
on  him  bj  Charles  IL  in  IGGO.  Fanl j 
tradition  has  asrigned  this  refie  to  Sir 
William  Compton:  possibly,  as  it  bean 
the  arms  of  Noel,  it  may  hare  been  carrkd 
at  the  solemn  entry  of  Charies  IL  into 
London,  in  1660,  bj  James,  third  Earl  of 
Northampton,  who  on  that  nrrsrion  led  a 
gallant  corps  of  200  gentlemen  cbd  in  his 
livery ;  he  espoosed  a  daughter  of  Baptist 
Not  1,  Viscoont  Campden.  Nnmeroas  other 
valoable  objects  of  Tarioos  periods  were 
coutribated  fhm  Castle  Ashl^— the  cde- 
brated  Howard  Book,  the  richly-cmbla- 
xoned  Pedigree  of  the  Compton  Famil^; 
alao  the  exqaisite  gold  Etmscan  orna- 
ments and  specimens  of  ancient  giass,  col- 
lected in  Italy  by  the  late  Marquis  of 
Northampton;  and  the  rery  corions  familj 
relics  of  the  Clan  Clephane  of  Carslogie, 


of  the  ancient  hroey 
hon,  sedptnred  in  the  style  of  the  Seventh 
*,  and  the  iron  arm,  a  most  in- 
im,  the  gift,  as  it 
been  Mserted,  of  osw  of  the  Soottidi 
with  more  snbalaBtial   sasiks  of 
finnK;tooBeof  thehdrdf  of  Cars- 
who  had  kat  Us  iHMd  in  the  serriee 


Walter  Seott  in  Ua  "Bssdcr  Am- 


thecKio 
fOKtrjiturt  were  ssreial 
tte  fflllertian  of  an  CKnent  Stamlbrd  an- 
tiqanrj,  Mr.  HopkinBcm,  who  eontribnted, 
aasong  tmiei  objects  of  iatciui,  a  weU- 
pahUcd  portnit  of  Qaem  Efixaheth,  an 
ariUMntie  original  faiaMily  in  Dr.DocarcTs 
posseaion;  alsooneoferen  greater  rarity 
and  ralne,  Katharine  of  Arragon,  in  her 
47th  year,  bearing  the  date  1531,  and  the 
moBQgnm  of  Hicnmymo  de  Bye ;  a  eon« 
temporary  portrait  of  the  Regent  Mnrrsj, 
the  painter  not  known;  and  a  fine  head 
of  one  of  the  Beformers,  attributed  to 
Holbein.  These  were  firom  Docarel's  eol- 
lectiofi,  and  are  of  great  intertst.  Mr. 
Hopldnson  sent  also  a  fine  antique  intaglio, 
the  head  of  Marcia,  inscribed  8alve,  vales, 
Seretal  remarkable  antique  gems  were 
sent  by  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Wataon,  of  Bock- 
ingbnm  Castle;  among  them  was  spedallj 
noticed  a  large  cameo  or  calcedony,  part 
of  the  Roman  military  decorations  worn 
on  the  breast,  and  of  the  grcatest  rarity : 
it  bears  the  name  of  Marcus  Agrippa, 
with  figures  of  Jupiter,  Mara,  and  other 
deities. 


GiKT.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXI. 


Ty 


[OclI 


^riQtnal   l3ocunuut£(. 


CaRRESPOKDEKCE  OF  A^TTOXY  A  WOOD. 

Tbb  Mlowiog  Letteri  ftddreaied  to  Aiiton)r  k  Wood,  in  Hitwef  to 
eoquirief  tn^de  by  him  daring  the  compilMion  of  lus  Idborions  work,  tiid 
preserved  in  the  Bodleian  Libruy,  m^j  nol  nnaqililily  Iblbir  the  cxMn- 
mcuiicitioiii  of  ft  Dke  nature  from  Aubrej,  which  have  already  appetied 
in  our  ptiges*.  The  information  given  bj  Baxter  respecttn^  hi*  firtend 
Corbet  IV as  evidently  made  use  of  by  Wood^;  and  a  forther  accouiii  of 
Mm  may  be  found  in  the  pagea  of  Calamy '.  tn  the  funeral  aermoo 
preached  by  Baxter  *  he  thus  speaks  of  Corbet ;— **  He  lived  peaceably  in 
Loddon  (after  1662),  without  gathering  any  assembly  for  public  preaching* 
Dwelling  in  Totteridge  with  Alderman  Web,  his  great  love  drew  him  there 
to  remove  to  me,  with  whom  awhile  be  took  up  his  habitation.  In  all  the 
time  he  was  with  me  1  remember  not  that  ever  we  differed  once  tn  any 
points  of  doctrine,  worship,  or  governments,  eccleaiaatical  or  civil»  or  thai 
we  bad  one  displeasing  word**" 

No.  I, 

Ebv*., — ^To  answer  as  much  of  yoar  desire  as  I  can  of  Mr,  Jo.  Corbet.  !••  He 
was  home  in  Gloucester  city.  2"".  He  wui  of  Magdalen  Hall  (as  his  friends  tell 
roe) ;  bow  long  I  know  not.  3*.  He  was  first  master  of  one  of  the  free  Scfaoolea 
in  Gloaoester,  and  also  Lecturer,  before  the  warre,  and  there  continued  all  y* 
warre.  i*^.  He  was  thence  removed  to  Bridgewatcr,  but  staid  there  but  a  little 
while,  and  was  remored  to  Chichester,  where  he  siajed  man;  jeares ;  and  thence  re- 
moved to  Bramsbot  in  Hampshire.  Thenoe  being  cast  out  by  j*  Act  of  Unifonnity, 
he  lived  priratel;  in  London,  taking  no  employment,  till  his  first  wife  dyed,  and 
then  lived  in  the  house  with  S' John  Miklethwaite,  now  president  of  y*  Colledge  of 
Physicians,  and  after  with  Alderman  Web,  (and  marryed  D*  Twisse's  daughter,)  and 
then  with  me  at  Tott ridge  privately:  and  when  y  King's  Licenses  were  granted, 
was  called  to  Chichester,  where  lie  preached  till  a  mouth  before  his  death,  remov- 
ing to  London  to  have  bin  cut  of  y*  stone,  but  dyed  first.  This  ycare,  Dec*  26,  he 
dyed ;  buryed  at  S*  Audr.  Holb.  5.  Epitaph  he  itad  none.  6.  His  bookes  I  named 
in  y*  Sermon :  Eushworth*s  Collections  he  coaipiled  out  of  Rushworth's  materialls ; 
Uaasy  8  Gloucester  warres  in  4** ;  the  rest  in  S*".  As  to  my  selfe,  any  faults  are 
so  disgrace  to  any  University  ;  for  1  was  of  none,  and  have  little  but  w'  1  had  out 
of  books,  and  inconsiderable  helpe  of  Countrey  tutors*  Weakness  and  paine  helpt  me 
to  study  how  to  die  i  and  y  set  me  on  studying  how  to  live,  and  y*  set  me  on 

•  Qkut,  Mao.,  Dec.  1860.  p.  612  j  June,  1861.  p.  647, 

^  Vide  AikeM,  by  Bliss,  vol.  iiL  ooL  1264. 

«  Vida  OUaroy'a  '*  Ejected  Bimisters,"  voL  ii.  p.  333^ 
•  ^  **  A  SermoQ  prtnched  at  the  Funeral  of  that  Faitlifiil  Min titer  of  Christ,  Mr.  John 
OsrbH,  with  bb  Troe  and  Exemplary  Charactefj  by  Richard  Baxter,'*  LiondoDt  4to., 
$6  pp.  (no  date.)  *  Sermon,  p*  27. 


18610 


Correspondence  of  Antony  a  Wood* 


871 


atadjringy'  doctrine,  from  wliicli  I  most  fetch  my  molives  and  comfmts;  and  be- 
gi fling  witii  nccessaryes  I  procccti  to  y*"  Lesser  iiitcgrulb  by  degrees,  and  now  am 
;  to  see  y*  wbich  I  have  lived  and  studyed  for.  Pardon  this  short  account 
om  Your  weak  fellow  servant^ 

F4L  22, 1680.  Ki,  Baxtib. 

Nos.  II.  and  III. 

In  these  Letters,  by  Thomas  Blount  of  the  Inner  Temple,  author 
of  "  A  Law  Dictionary"  and  various  other  works,  the  writer  refera  to  the 
annoyance  caused  to  Wood  by  the  corrections,  alteration^,  and  on^iBsionB 
made  in  the  Latin  translation  of  his  "History  and  Antiquities  of  the  Univ. 
of  Oxon.,"  and  also  to  a  **  ernall  unlisensed  book,"  afterwards  published  by 
Blount  and  corrected  by  Wood,  now  of  some  rarity^  entitled  '*  Animad- 
versions upon  Sir  K.  Baker's  Chronicle,  and  its   Continuation,"   16mo., 

r  Oxford,  H.  l){all),  1672*  Wood,  in  his  "  Diary,"  thus  Fpeake  of  the  sup- 
pression of  the  work  by  the  University  aulhoiities: — ''The  said  Animad- 
versions were  called  in  and  silenc'd  in  beginning  of  Jan.,  by  Dr.  Mews, 

.the  vice-chancellor,  because  therein,  p.  30,  'tis  said  that  the  word  con- 

'venticle  was  fir^t  taken  up  in  the  time  of  Wicklifi'f." 

StR, — I  am  florrj  to  hear  any  thing  is  alteredj  especially  that  wore,  W^^  is  lo 
known  a  truth.  I  wish  you  hud  sent  me  a  title  page,  that  1  might  have  got  it  into 
the  ilcrc.  lib,,  which  is  now  at  Press.  I  think  I  shal  lye  this  night  fo:tmght  at 
Islipj  and  then  you  shal  know  my  opinion  of  y'  friend  M*  Go.  I  am  Gor^f. 
informed  f  Trinters  want  work,  do  you  think  they  wil  print  a  snial  unlisensd 
book,  for  more  then  ordinary  pay?  I  know  M'^Pet  a  Httlc  and  desiie  no  more. 
Yon  have  heard  the  distic  n>ade  by  Marq.  Huntley  for  the  louver,  but  I  hope  not 
the  Enghsh,  by  a  frieud  of  myae.  1  supd  with  M""  Ashmolu  on  Sunday  night,  ho 
sliewd  me  how  far  his  book  was  advanc'd,  to  fo.  340 '';  but  your  new  knights  of 
the  Diinne  br^jgc  must  come  in  by  way  of  Appendix,  for  he  is  past  the  prop'  place. 
The  Gazct  wil  tel  you  great  news,  but  I  am  stil  Your  old  serv*, 

21  Nov.  71.  T.  B. 

Non  orbis  gentem,  non  urbcm  gens  habet,  ulla 
Urbsvc  domum,  domiuum,  ncc  domus  ulla  parem. 
*  Tlie  World  no  nation  has,  no  Nation  Town, 
Town  Palace  ;  Palace  Prince  of  such  renown/ 
Praudibus  et  fastu,  levitate  libidinls  a^tu 
Dicitc  si  toto  par  sit  in  orbc  luca. 

Sir, — Before  I  reC*  your  Icr  1  had  bin  at  Heret,  and  all  my  red-noa'd  Parson 
had  learnt  for  you,  was,  that  D""  Burliil '  dyed  at  a  lies ide nee  he  bud  about  New- 
market, and  for  your  D'  of  Worthing  it  is  quite  o'th  tolher  side  the  Country,  and 
I  can  ouely  convey  it  lo  him.     I  intend  to  be  in  Loudon  Saturday,  the  26  of 


'  Ltfo  of  Wood,  p,  180,  8ro.,  Ojcford,  1848. 

«  Thomiii  Gore,  of  AldorboD,  Wiltt^,  for  Life  of  whom  vide  Athena,  by  Bliss, 
Tol  w,  co\.  132 ;  viik>  oleo  Life  of  Wood,  pp.  159,  178,  8vo.,  Oxford,  1848. 

Asb mole's  Inititutiona,  La^s,  and  Ceremome«  of  the  Noble  Order  of  the  Garter^ 
,  IbUo,  1672. 
*  Dr.  Itobert  Borhil;  Tide  Athena,  by  Bliw,  vol.  lii.  col.  16. 


372  Original  DorMmenijf.  ^Oet 

•:.  ^  r.rn^ii.  vi  -hat  7  tPitterPi  •;..-  '^.Ach  t-I  --^  «  liiin  2»:  u  xsht.  it  'le  'iiere 
-r.  ■'  ,ir,r  .-nnm  17  '^r.n.  I  ,rion..i  i^  *xrn»mp  z:ati  -o  «e  -on.  mt  -fae  laa  Tcaiiifr 
-ir..i  n.i^r'*T.rr  -,t"  -i.p  Co.iri'.rrs  -jUt^es  foniiid  re  "o  iiore  t.  I  icni  =t*T  &  aunUL 
.fi  r-*.''.:'n.  ir.ii   .#*  iiw?iri  I-;Tir  :*a::L:-^  ^crr. 

v. p.  Ti;>f  *Ti"::'p  r.f  2  .r  "i  A.iiT.^:rprsiona  in  3Aki?r.  'nr  1  lire  not  ine  " eft- 
Si  ?f?:ripr*,  i^-ncf  .%•-  '.:  "-.ft  /wtsr  A.i.'ies.  in;:  "!.ir.-.nr.Jir»  -r-.-ii^  *hat  lorninion.  s  lc 

.-if.t    -.'^r.ar.p  *iir.«p   •rr.r:r,.ifi  ..1^  »rr-rrrr.i  T'^m  it    Ttx  r:.:^^,  iii.ea  7011  an  iss^n 

-ii. -    • ; I p -  •)! rirr* — if, »r '■j#» : r  :"o r  '■ .  1 1 r  '.riki*  I  im  f- . r    ; \i''> n. 

;    i.ji-.^f  r  r.ii<it    rf»  *  -V,!   n  ->rnt  vrain  .le:::  T:m.  y-r  I  !iin:  rakcn  som  paiaa 

Xo.  rv. 

A  not>^  ".f  rhe  Be'''.  IL/n^r*  B'lrscrjiia-h,  it  Q'ie-?!i'^  C  ale^,  Oxfori. 
anfl  V.rar  -.f  7 "ifnefl  in  D'^'^'on.  -vi'sl  be  :'«;»xr.d  in  V^'joii'"*  Arht^na  -.  and  a  li^ 
o^  :iis  vorici^  ifl  'iontaineri  in  U'ait"i  BiiiUotht^ra  Britannica-.  Wood  has 
ouotrrri  Iar?PrIy  from  rhi<«  >tt»»r  in  hin  -  Life  ~i  Zacharv  iEjvne^,*'  not  t'eel- 
\x\'i  *hr»  acnplej?  his  ".orr'^sponfient  had  in  commucicatina'  rhe  partiinilara 
to  :iim. 

W'-iRTiiT  ?.Tn, — P»^:n7  lesir^-'i  by  .nr  2pf,i\  \r.e,Ti^  ^f'  M:irin  oi  H.  Hiiil  '  :o  send 
jMi  v>mc  ^rw,iint  '"•t'  M'  Z.  .\r.ivnp,  ierpasesi,  I  -mre  to  iiia  son  :br  .aiormarion  in 
v»mp  par^.ir-.ilan  •:T!iicb  I  *iiou'*.  TJiiii  ne  imepNihit;  *o  jniL  But  I  liare  nor  yet 
rry»riv**H  a  Tord  of  answer  from  aim.  How-^ver  I  x:il  furnish  j'-.n  w:ih  rhe  beat 
niemon;ils  f  hav^,  and  if  an j^  bin:?  more  come  to  hand  I  shall  readily  impart  it, 
and  be  Tiad  of  an  oppnrnniry  of  doinir  joa  any  service  that  I  can.  I  hare  one 
reouftst  r.o  .yon,  Thich  is,  Miat  if  you  think  tir  to  make  mention  of  me  in  *he  Ap- 
p^nMix  -vhieh  yon  denicrn,  yo»x  would  be  pleas* i  *o  say  of  me,  'hat  I  was  bom  of 
hon*»st  parentjj,  and  hart  » be  iilvantaije  of  a  pious  education.  I  hope  yon  will  ex- 
e>ise  me  for  de«irin?  this,  being  induced  to  it  hy  the  sense  I  have  of  riieh:  love  and 
eare  of  me,  who  am  Sir,  your  very  affectionate  humble  servant, 

ROBEAT  BCOSCOUGH. 

M'  Z.  Mayne  in  a  letter  to  me  hath  these  woria:  —  "I  remember  yon 
drnir'd  me  v^metlme  .since  that  I  would  write  you  some  passages  that  I  had 
ohservH  in  h*  Goodwin,,  O'weni,  and  OMver  C  romweli.  As  for  the  Swor:- 
man,  I  tiiink  he  was  no  Atheist,  but  a  mir^hry  Enthusiast;  one  wliile  very 
2ealon»,  and  another  while  very  boon.  I  had  his  company  with  only  one 
more  for  an  hour  or  more,  in  which  time  he  talked  with  us.  but  especially  wth 
myself  as  a  private  gentleman,  without  taking  any  great  state  upon  him,— com- 
mending^ h*  0.  to  us  as  a  person  that  had  been  greatly  instrumental  in  spreading* 
the  fJoAfiel,  and  a  ji^eat  Luminary  in  the  Church.  At  the  same  time  I  had  a 
letter  of  recomendation  to  Oiim;  from  !>  G.,  tho'  the  1>  knew  that  I  could  not 
answer  fhe  Tryers  by  reasrm  of  Socin  doubt*.  IK  G.  was  mdeed  a  very  great 
friend,  and  as  a  Father  to  me ;  I  liv^d  in  the  same  Colledge  with  him  7  years,  and 
wa^  of  the  number  of  thonc  that  joyned  with  him  as  an  Independent  Conirregation, 
and  accordinijfly  was  pitch'd  upon  by  him  to  be  a  Lecturer  in  Shrewsbury,  in 

^  Athen4»,  by  ffliw,  vol.  iv.  col.  533.       »  Bifjliotheca  Britannica,  vol.  L  col.  173  k. 
■  Aih^na,  l»y  Dl:■^  vol.  it.  col.  ill.  •  Hart  HalL 


1861.] 


Correspondence  of  Antony  a  Wood, 


873 


Shmpsliire,  and  to  promote  tlie  Congregational  way.  Btit,  as  I  told  yon,  I  left  it 
in  the  satjie  place,  aod  gave  tio  disturbance  to  tlie  Town,  but  I  bless  God  had  a 
fair  rccpption  and  acceptation  there  witlv  all.  There  I  got  ncquaiiitancc  with  W 
Jones,  who  was  afterwards  a  Judge,  who  would  have  brought  nie  acquainted  with 
D'  Hammond,  then  living  about  12  miles  from  Shrewsbury,  and  would  have  pro- 
cur'd  for  me  an  ordination  by  the  Bishop  of  Bangor  upon  such  terms  na  I  should 
be  satisfied  in.  But  then  soon  upon  these  thoughts  Oliver  died,  and  I  returned 
thither  no  more.  But  all  tlic  7  years  that  I  was  in  tbc  Collcdgc  with  D"^  Q^  I 
was  by  the  grace  of  God  working  myself  out  of  Entliusiasm,  which  T  had  deeply 
iaibibcd  from  my  infancy;  and  I  frequently  threw  in  objectiona  in  our  meetings, 
w""**  were  once  a  week  under  D'  G/s  superiiiiendcucy,  where  we  discoursed  extern- 
pom  upon  a  Divinity  question.  At  last  I  made  it  a  solemn  proposal  to  D*^  G.  to 
1M  dhmiss^d  from  their  society,  or  rather  declared  to  him  that  I  judged  not  myself 
fts  obliged  to  them  more  than  to  others  by  any  Relation  I  had  eritrcd  info  as  a 
member  of  their  society,  and  I  remember  his  answer  was  he  could  not  dismiss  mc 
into  the  world." — Tbns  far  he  Terbatim,  but  I  am  so  tender  of  bis  reputation  that 
I  had  rather  you  would  say  of  bim  that  by  degrees  he  overcame  the  prejudices  of 
his  education,  or  something  to  that  effect,  than  relate  what  he  says  of  his  own  en- 
thusiasm, but  I  submit  it  to  your  judgemS 

In  another  Letter  written  to  a  Friend  of  his  and  mine,  dated  Nov.  5, — 91,  he 
hath  these  words : — "  As  to  the  manuscript  which  I  sent  you,  about  the  Heathens, 
(it  was  concerning  their  salvability,  and  of  universal  Hedemptiou  by  J*  Clirist,)  it 
coat  me  the  loss  of  60£,  as  I  remember,  for  I  preaeht  the  substance  of  that  paper 
in  Oxford,  at  S.  Mary's,  and  B''  Owen  heard  mc,  and  picsDutly  went  and  com- 
plained me  to  I)'  Conant,  then  Vice  Cbancellor,  who  conven'd  me  l>efore  him,  and  I 
was  in  danger  of  expulsion  out  of  the  University,  upon  wliich  I  betook  myself  to 
LoDdoDj  and  npon  advice  stay'd  there  a  full  quarter  of  a  year,  till  K.  Charles  the 
second  came  in,  when  followed  a  visitation,  and  then  I  came  down  with  D"^  Oliver, 
who  then  took  possession  of  the  Presidentship,  and  D'  Goodwin  went  to  Eaton 
Colledge," 

He  declared  to  the  same  friend^  that  when  be  was  an  Independent  Preacher,  his 
conscience  would  never  permit  bim  to  administer  either  of  the  Sacraments,  being 
sensible  that  he  had  no  authority  so  to  do. 

In  the  former  Letter,  of  which  I  have  given  the  abstract,  he  mentions  bis  Soci- 
aian  doubta :  but  these  he  happily  overcame,  and  thereupon  wrote  a  smjdl  Tract, 
which  be  called  the  Snare  broken,  w***  was  lately  published,  but  compoa'd,  as  I 
remember,  long  before  **.  1  think  it  was  printed  by  M'  LichScld  in  Oxford,  but  I 
am  not  certain  of  it,  nor  of  the  date,  having  not  the  Tract  by  me  at  present.  I 
suppose  this  is  the  only  thing  of  his  extant  that  you  have  not  seen. 

I  presume  you  have  heard  that  he  was  Master  of  the  Free  School  in  Eieter,  and 
that  he  conformed  as  a  Layman.  He  was  generally  well  esteeni'd  for  the  sanctity 
of  his  Life,  and  I  think  he  very  well  deserves  the  Character  of  a  Learned  and 
good  man. 

I  intended  to  have  sent  yon  an  account  of  his  age,  and  time  of  his  deaths  with 
other  particulars,  but  his  son  having  frustrated  my  expectation^  I  hope  you  will 
accept  of  what  I  now  send  you,  as  a  small  testimony  of  my  respect,  who  am, 

S',  your  bumble  scrrS 
R,  B. 


•  "Tlic  Snare  Broken;  or.  The  Natural  and  Eternal  Deity  of  the  Son  of  God," 
ito.,  Oxon.,  1092. 


874 


[OcUl 


^nttquartait  m'H  EUrtarj)  {iitcUisriirrn 


l^Ocayrtp0»d^idt  flw  refmetied  lo  a^^tmd  ikeie  Addrwet^  mat,  ■•lesf  agremtU, , 
pMiemiiom^  hmi  M  ofd^  thai  a  <M>j>jr  of  i^  QmtMMAltt  MAOAxnm  09«l« 

r  mof  he/orwarded  lo  IAmi.] 


BRITISH  AECH^OLOGICAL  ASSOCIATIOI^. 
ExETEB  MEExnro,  Aira*  19 — 24, 
The  Association  bcld  its  eighteenth  annoal  meeting  at  Exeter,  and 
presided  over  by  Sir  Statfoed  HE5iiT  NoitincoTE,  M.P* 


On  the  ftr^  day  the  Corporaticni  of 
Exeter  recdred  the  Amdjition  At  the 
OuUdhalU  and  invited  thani  to  Innch  in 
the  Council  Chamber;  tJUr  thii  the 
party  re-assentbkd  at  the  Royal  Public 
Boomik  where  the  President  delirered  the 
InangiBal  addreas,  which]  among  other 
topkcib  dwelt  on  the  expedieiK^j  of  furtu- 
ing  a  MniGiiiii  at  Exeter,  for  the  prcaenra- 
lion  orantiquitiu  often  foond  In  tbe  Dcigh- 
boarboodf  but,  for  want  of  any  st^^ure 
pkoe  of  i^eponti  toon  dtber  carried  off 
or  destroyed. 

At  the  coneloslon  of  the  addrett*  the 
eompany,  nuder  the  guidance  of  Lieut. - 
Col.  Harding^  the  Hon.  Sec.  of  the  Exeter 
Dtoceian  Architectural  Society,  proceeded 
to  view  lonie  of  the  objects  of  antiquarian 
interest  in  the  city.  In  turning  the  comer 
into  Higb>«treet,  tbcy  paneU  the  spot 
where  the  old  Eaxt-gate  itood,  and  then 
walked  to  the  C«stle*yard,  from  whence 
they  viewed  lEougemont.  Tliii  tower,  pro- 
bably 10  called  either  from  the  redneat  of 
the  ioil,  or  from  the  red  stone  of  which 
the  eaiite  was  built,  was  anciently  tbe 
royal  residence  of  the  West  8ajon  kings, 
then  of  the  Earls  of  ComwalL  It  was  no 
doubt  once  a  Roman  station.  Atbelstau 
rebuilt  the  citadel  afler  its  partial  demoli- 
tko  by  the  Danes,  but  tbe  castle  fell  with 
the  town  before  Swjjyn  in  1003.  History 
If  silent  OS  to  the  exj*lcnw  of  another 
csntle  until  tbe  Conquest,  when  Willmm  J. 
in  1067  j»l«iitt*il  a  stnmjf  citadel  oi>  Rouge- 
Tnont  IS  a  chedi  to  tlie  inhabitants;  this 
Is  attcsUnl  by  the  Konnau  arch.    Will  join 


trosteea 
Deroop J 

nted  in^H 


Ruiris  emltelUshed  the  buildings.  Richard, 
son  of  Baldwin  dc  Rnoniis,  Baron  of  Ok«- 
bampton  and  Ytscount  Devon,  waa  tlia 
first  castellan,  and  the  office  remained  ia 
the  family  till  Henry  11 L  annexed  it  to 
tlie  earldom  of  ComwalL  Queen  Aaae 
Ie«s<  d  the  »te  of  the  castle,  with  the  landa 
and  buildingn  wiUiin  its  walls,  to 
for  the  beneiit  of  tbe  county  of  DevoOp 
which  grant  was  oonflmicd  by  Qeovge  I. 
and  the  he  of  tbe  satoe  was  grmntcd  in 
trust  by  the  13  George  II L,  under  the 
andent  yearly  rent  of  £10,  payable  at 
Michaelmas  to  (be  inheritor  of  the  ducbj 
of  ComwalL  An  old  building  in  the  castle 
yard  has  lately  been  oleaied  awaj  froni 
tbe  north  side  of  Bongemont,  and  the 
ground  levelled;  the  fine  Norman  arch 
has  been  restored,  as  well  as  tbe  base  aod 
other  portions  of  tbe  tower,  and  two  small 
windows  on  the  south  have  been  opened  | 
so  that  the  andent  ivy -crowned  tower  ia 
now  viewed  under  most  favountble  cir^ 

Entering  the  grounds  of  R.  S»  Card, 
Esq,,  M.P ,  the  AsMciatiOD  bad  an  oppor- 
tunity of  tracing  the  course  of  tbe  walls» 
to  tbe  square  tower  overlooking  Northcm- 
bny,  and  which  has  liitely  been  rebuilt,  as 
far  as  possible  with  the  old  materials. 
Tbe  tower  wiis  in  a  dangerous  conditiou^ 
Prom  its  Bumtnit  and  from  the  bigber 
portion  of  the  grounds  of  Rougeioont, 
magnllicetit  views  were  obtained  of  the 
old  city ;  Ibi'y  then  d^'soendt^d  into  North- 
ernimy^  where  tbe  line  of  the  castle  wall 
--tbe  hi£e  of  which  appeared  to  be 


4 


186L] 


British  Afchisological  Association. 


375 


Bonum  OQfiisiraction — ^now  gsve  place  to  - 
tl»t  of  the  city ;  tredng  which  thej  were 
bronght  to  Athehitan*8  palace,  'm  Paul- 
street,  now  occnplcd  by  Mr.  Drake,  vete- 
rinary mrgeon.  The  Dortbem  gate,  near 
which  is  the  "Black  Dog,"  the  sign  of 
Prince  Chnrlos,wns  passed,  and  the  botind- 
ary  wall  was  followed  into  Bartbolo new- 
yard  and  to  I  he  ipot  where  old  Allballows* 
on-the-Walhi  iitood,  till  it  was  taken  down 
at  the  time  of  the  rebuilding  Exe-bridge, 
The  present  edifice  of  that  name  wiis 
OKO^ed  in  18i5.  The  pnrty  next  pro- 
ceeded to  E]te*bri<ljfe,  and  were  ftluwn 
where  the  old  open  arche*  stood,  (of  which 
good  drawingi  are  exhibited  at  the  Royal 
Pablic  Rooms).  Thence  ihey  proceet!e<l 
to  the  old  church  of  St.  Mary  Steps,  with 
its  fine  ancient  font,  and  quaint  rl4:)ck, 
with  ftiforea  representing  Henry  VIIL  and 
two  courtiers,  or,  as  others  hare  it,  Miit- 
thcw  MiUiT  and  bis  two  men.  The  next 
march  wits  to  where  the  old  water- gate 
stood.  Keeping  up  Coombc-stroot,  for- 
merly Rock-Htreet,  with  a  chapel  of  tlie 
same  naroe,  and  crossing  South  street  la 
the  line  of  the  old  wall,  where  the  St* 
James's  Church  once  atxKl,  Col  Harding 
led  his  party  to  St.  Mury  Mfyur's,  and 
shewed  thero  where  the  Pulace-gnte  was 
at  the  entrance  of  the  Close,  and  with 
them  lo<^ked  into  the  Palace. 

In  the  erening  the  Association  paid  a 
risit  to  the  Devon  and  Exeter  Institution, 
where  they  were  received  by  Lord  Clif- 
ford, the  President ;  and,  ut  the  de«ire  of 
some  of  the  members,  Mr»  C.  E.  Davis, 
F,S.A»,  read  a  paper  on  Exeter  Cathedral, 
preparatory  to  an  exami nation  of  the  edi- 
fice on  the  following  morning. 

Tttetda^,  Aug,  20,    Exxm  CATirsD&i.i<. 

V«IT  TO  CaiDITOK. 
Tlte  Association  met  early,  and  guided, 
ai  before,  by  Col.  Harding,  completed  the 
dtploratton  uf  the  city,  visiting  iu  tlicir 
etmrso  St.  John's  Hospital,  the  Guildhall, 
the  church  of  St.  Mary  Arches,  inc.  Th«'y 
then  repaired  to  the  cathedral,  wh*  re  Mr, 
Davis  rtapeated  his  paper,  with  the  addi- 
lion  of  soifie  matters  that  he  had  omitted 
Ibt  cveniDg  before,  as  not  readily  intel- 


ligible except  on  the  spots  referred  to. 
We  subjoin  some  of  the  chief  points  \-^ 

"It  is  on  reeorrl  that  on  this  spot  two 
eccle«ia«<ticMl  etlificea,  at  the  very  least, 
extisted,  of  which  there  does  not  now  ap- 
pear to  be  the  stnallest  trace.  Tlie  firj*t 
was  founded  by  Atbelstan  about  932,  and 
burnt  down  by  Sweyn  in  1008.  Of  the 
bnllding  which  succeeded  it  we  only  know 
that  it  contained  seven  belU,  to  which 
Leofric,  upon  the  see  being  removed  from 
Crediton  to  Exeter  by  Edward  the  Con* 
fessnr  in  1050|  adiled  six  others,  and  a 
dozen  smaller  for  ehimea.  In  1112  Itiwhop 
William  Warlewast  cotnnienced  rebuilding 
on  a  grand  scale,  iind  the  two  towcra  that 
remain  almost  in  their  integrity  shew  his 
viewB.  The  rebuilding  was  intermpted 
by  a  three  montha*  slrgo  of  the  city  in 
1136,  Duder  King  Stephen,  who  compen- 
■ated  the  Chapter  for  the  injury  done. 
Warlewaat  dietl  the  following  ^enr,  leav- 
ing the  cathedral  incomplete.  IJei^iEle  the 
towers,  the  Holy  Ghost  Chapel,  south  of 
the  northern  tower,  and  a  few  fragment**, 
are  all  that  we  can  pnt  to  the  credit  of 
Warlewttst  cor  hia  tucceaaor,  Robert  Chi-^ 
Chester,  except  the  foundations,  which 
were  probably  considerable.  Aa  in  othtr 
cathedrals,  the  origitial  plan  seems  to  have 
been  adhered  to,  combining  the  strength 
of  the  fortress  with  the  somewhat  oppo* 
site  aspect  of  the  church,  although  the 
times  that  prompted  iit  have  long  ceas^  (L 
The  fine  towers  occupy  an  onnsually  large 
area.  Fortunately  the  southern  tower  has 
e$cn|>ed  the  rough  ogage  to  which  the 
northern  was  sulijicttd  nniler  Bishop 
Courtenay,  of  having  the  upper  arcade 
altiiost  wholly  rebuilt  lU  the  poorest  four- 
centred  work.  The  turrets  of  each  have 
been  htimili;ibed  by  being  crowneil  with 
pinuaeleA  of  the  worst  description.  The 
efllct  of  the  masonry  of  the  towers  is  de- 
stroyed by  the  wide  mortar  joints,  whidi 
are  of  recent  addition.  Sncceeding  bishopi 
continued  this  very  fine  Decorated  church, 
the  northern  nide  of  which  mny  he  said  to 
have  hwn  comploteil  before  1377.  in  which 
year  the  fabric  roll  contains  a  payment  of 
4fi.  7d.  for  the  pinniu  les  of  the  fi-on^.  The 
northern  facade  equaU  in  effect,  if  it  docs 
not  surpass,  the  front  of  any  other  cathe- 
dral-— the  result  of  the  massing  of  the 
composition  and  the  bold  buttresses. 

**  In  viewing  the  northern  front  ftom 
the  Close,  8t^  Edmund's  Chapel,  which 
flunks  the  west,  said  to  be  of  earlier  struc- 
ture tlittn  the  rest  of  the  cathedral,  appears 
not  to  be  of  earlier  date  than  the  middle 
of  the  thirteenth  century.  The  windows 
of  tlie  side  aisles  shew  that  there  WM 


S7S 


Amii 


'  Uicrmrf  hdtiBgemeer^ 


to»/ 


^^Oif] 


«rik« 


b^Mt^thatlmi 


!•>  «ri 


nw  Mi  Hif  TTm^M  Tnwrw 
lUSOnidim^MA  the 
niower  oIh^  IB  I4ai 


Oi;  «0  be  MB  i 

Bi  m  eovo^tel 
ift  npcBlcd  IB 
BVTC     IIk  wiB 

JUHnlfiB  B^VBI 
OB«te1te«Mtt 

Offl49at«r«(oaMttiBs 
iBBkad  Bller  tiM  wol  wmdw  fcr  dcenm- 
I10D,  of  wlnefa  tDd««il  Cii^  Bppeo  to  iMve 
ftRBedtbefint  idoL  To  tbc  nil  «r  tiie 
loww.  St  Ati4TO«'«  Chafid^  tiol%  graiDcd, 
fiDnnfft  with  the  moBBBMBt  nov  itwiv  il»  b 
e^»tBl  gnyii{k  St.  Mcfy  MagditeeCltaqiel^ 
Bod  the  bffvlciA  Ubm  of  tlM  dioir  boi- 
trCHCi,  ftopfwd  b7  «  tsoople  of  octi^wial 
towen,  ooaptetBi  the  picture  m  aeoi  froa 

"The  bold  west  froDt  b  quite  nnlilce 
any  other  I  hive  eeen,  hM^acb  bi  the 

triaii^Ur  prtociple  il  thoroiighlj  carried 
crat.  The  Decorated  window  ia  perbaps 
the  finest  in  the  ootmtry.  If  ifca  aym- 
bolism  could  be  read,  I  beliere  a  tale 
would  he  elifdted  to  interest  even  those 
Indlflereot  to  architect  ore*  The  majority 
of  the  flgnret  In  the  two  tien  of  rich 
tabernacle-work  ia  the  icreen  are  rery 
well  execated.  Tliu  front  was  designed 
to  be  plainer.  Although  the  pioiuide  waa 
not  placed  in  the  apei  untU  the  last  year 
of  fid  ward  11 L,  the  greater  portioa  of  thU 
front  was  built  at  least  thirty  years  earlier, 
the  founJatiou  having  bei^n  kid  about  the 
ooromtrnccnient  of  the  foorteenth  century. 
The  rvbnilding  occupied  about  130  years, 
from  a  design  evidently  drawn  about,  if 
not  before,  1285.  The  gradual  proereM 
of  architecture  towards  the  end  or  the 
foarti'enth  century  is  totally  ignored  in 
the  CNthedral,  and  a  great  jump  u  made 
fN>in  the  ^eotoctrical  Di-coratcd  into  the 
rer|)endicular  style  of  the  cast  window, 
which  oppimrfl  to  have  been  executed  four- 
teen yearn  after  the  eaatern  pinnacle  waa 
put  up.  The  w^tcrn  screen  of  the  chapel 
of  8t«  Itudeffundaa  is,  with  the  exception 
of  thiit  to  toe  choir,  the  moAt  beautiful 
little  hit  of  work  iti  tho  cathedral.  The 
iiniiil  soutliorn  JiMjr,  with  it«  rich  folin- 
tlgu«,  hHM  no  |inmUcl. 

"The  interior,  ns  seen  ftom  the  west 
door,  pr<w<ut(i  na  fair  u  siwcimt'n  kA'  aini* 
ph^  i;roiuin>c.  t'liruhtHl  with  Ixih]  ribs  all 
■prin^ini^  Irvicn    tliu  tutmo   {loiiii,  ai  any 

4 


r  mataials 


heoi  iraetid  is  bnBae  and  white 
ift  the  BBve.  I  do  Bol  know  who  baa  thai 
Aemntcd  thr  cBthedral,  and  p«ffiieUiiM 
Bit  haA  B  dMde  beitxr  than  thit  of  1^, 
•eriWiBg  aehoolboj  or  FigoB 
phie.  Ito  cmelifiB  !■  Bot  mAf  \ 
gnttodiBBBBRlfla&^^ad  r"-' 
hot  y«i  thai  ]«aw9»  BO  w^  ] 
be  iMiiikliiil  with  BBylhfaig  to  4 
hk^  F^re«lhCBMth^deBdoorway,:E^' 
Kag&h  m  cfaaiBotcr,  led  hito  the  cloLrter, 
BOW  datenoyed  hj  fire.  The  firag-inenti 
kad  BO  to  Mrign  the  middle  of  the  four- 
tomlh  <3CBtBry  as  the  gcoeni  date  of  the 
mthani  nde.  ▲  poyivent  for  matoials 
for  thk  dioistcr  Bppears  In  1324-r 

**0&  the  eMtcm  side  of  the  i 
the  d^Bpter-hooie*  of  the  dute 
ISIO.     The  tocabe  of  Ueory  MarahaU  fttfl  ^ 
ShncBi  of  ApoHa  were  prolmbly  de 
by  the  Buae  band.    The  pres«  nt  cle%'i 
was  given  by  the  reiDOTa]  of  the 
atones  in  the  fitteeuth  century^  andl 
the  work  of  Bishop  Lacy.     1  be  \ 
dow  waa   contributed    by   his    suo 
Neryll,  whilst  the  following  bishop  enacted  ' 
the  rich  roof. 

"  The  fivhric  rolls  give  the  date  of  1 
to  the  beauUfal  groined  cbsjiel  of 
Jo8eph.  On  the  ei>cith  wall  of 
a  totnh  of  exceedingly  good  <\ 
the  chapel  is  a  chamber  of  L-n  ij  i 
date.  The  pendant  in  the  north  aii 
the  chapel  of  St,  Andrew's  with  a  sin 
room.  These  chapels,  in  my  opinion,  mark  ^ 
the  oiiginal  extent  of  the  choir  eastwai4i  j 
The  extended  worki  were  commenced,  j 
perhaps  the  walU  of  the  Liidy-ch|| 
about  1260,  and  it  was  then  int 
to  build  tlic  choir,  as  there  waa  \ 
for  the  flying-buttresses.  The  chap 
St.  Miiry  Magdalene  and  St.  Gabriel  \ 
built  about  the  same  time.  A  portio 
the  vaulting  of  the  choir  waa  doue  In  I 
and  1302,  proving  that  the  clerestory  j 
built  at  that  time.  I  think  that  when 
grand  work  of  rebuilding  and  Icngtbei 
the  choir  was  decided  upon,  it  waa 
prtjpodcd  to  throw  the  towers  open»| 
with  a  little  variatiun  the  arches  and  di 
friory  could  have  been  made  continnoua ' 
from  ca<it  to  west.  The  work  from  this  ; 
date  was  carried  on  gradually  nutil  the  i 
wliiilu  w»is  finished.  1  find  no  break  in  J 
the  work,  perhapa  becsinse  the  nave-an 
were  still  left  untouched,    W^e  read  ;' 


1861.] 


British  Arch<Bohgical  Agsoeiation, 


377 


the  £ibrie  rollji  that  in  1309  md  1310, 
•nniswere  paJd  for  removing  the  former 
walk  In  1S19-22  tlio  high  altar  uppears 
to  bare  been  erected  —  duriDg  Biihop 
Stipletoti'i  time,  who«o  QQmc  is  ctcti 
given  to  that  portion  of  the  choir.  In 
1S3I  and  1332,  Willinm  Cann,  of  Corfe, 
agreed  to  furnish  tbts  Purbick  inarhlo  for 
too  eolnmos  of  the  nave  and  the  cloister ; 
tbat  w©  lUJiy  well  conclude  that  the 
was  notr  oomtncneed  and  curried  on 
littinf^ly.  One  of  the  gems  of  the 
Iral  it  the  screen  aerovthe  entrance 

'the  choir,  Tlicre  are  bat  few  remaining 
in  England  in  thetr  original  position*  and 
oomidering  the  injuHei  tnatained  by  the 
ioterior  of  tlie  catbedral,  it  is  remarkable 
that  this  ha«  escaped. 

Ader  a  full  survej  of  the  cathedral, 
the  Association  visited  Pjnc«,  the  seat  of 
their  Pre>«ident,  where  tbey  were  bospi- 
tiibly  entertained,  and  then  proceeded  to 
Crediton.  Here  thcj  were  met  hy  the 
Rev.  Ptebendary  Smith,  the  Vicar,  who 
led  the  way  into  the  bnilding,  and  ex- 
plained its  general  featnres.  It  ig  a  very 
ftne  old  crociform  cbarch,  but  unfortu- 
nately the  living  is  the  snbject  of  a 
Chancery  suit,  and  the  Court  allows  no 
more  money  to  be  spent  than  will  suffice 
to  put  it  in  "  a  good  and  suhatAntiar*  con- 
dition; and  taking  these  words  in  their 
literal  sense,  the  trustees  have  perhapa 
gone  as  far  as  their  powers  permit  them. 
The  walls  and  roof  are  of  the  most  sub- 
stantial nature ;  but  a  ghmcc  at  the  in- 
terior flhew^  that  there  is  much  room  for 
improvement.  The  roof  is  flat  and  pUs- 
tend,  depriving  the  building  of  its  proper 
psoportions,  which  could  easily  be  restftrcd 
by  sub^ttuting  an  open  one  of  timber. 
Then  the  pews  are  in  the  old  style,  gei>c* 
ndlj  known  as  sleeping-boxes;  while  the 
ovgili  is  placed  imraediat^jly  in  front  of 
the  weat  window,  which  it  shuts  out  from 
the  view  of  the  congregation.  For  all 
these  defects  the  Court  of  Chancery  stands 
amenable ;  and  we  hope  that  some  infln- 
eaee  will  ere  long  be  exerdscd  to  obtain 
from  that  ofticial  source  the  permismoti  to 
carry  out  the  necessary  alleratiuua.  Mr. 
Davis  gave  a  brief  architectural  descrip- 
tion of  the  building.  Ue  thought  it  was 
remarkable  that  the  freestone  work  about 
the  windows  had  only  been  used  in  the 
tracery  and  not  in  the  jaoibaj  ho  hud 
G^T.  Eao.  Vol,  CCXI. 


never  seen  n  simikr  instance  before.  Mr. 
Hay  ward,  of  Ei^eter,  explained  that  it  was 
a  common  practice  in  Devonehire. 

The  party  then  repaired  to  a  prt  of 
the  church  which  until  recently  was  used 
for  the  Grammar  •  school,  where  (in  the 
absence  of  the  author,  Mr.  Tuckett)  Mr* 
Levien  read  a  psp«r  on  the  History  of 
Crediton  from  Saxon  Times  to  the  Present, 
It  expressed  an  opinion  that  much  work 
of  the  Saxon  period  remained  in  the 
church,  but  this  idea  did  not  appear  to 
meet  with  general  concurrence. 

At  the  evening  meeting  Mr.  Planch^ 
read  a  paper  on  the  Earls  of  Devon,  Mr* 
T,  Wright  one  on  the  Library  given  by 
Bishop  Leofric  to  Exeter  Cftthethal,  and 
the  Chairman  (for  Dr.  Priug)  one  on 
Tbomns  Chard,  the  last  Abbot  of  Ford; 
they  were  all  of  muvh  inU?rest»  and  will 
probably  apprar  in  the  Journal  of  the 
Association,  which  makes  it  less  a  sub- 
ject of  regret  tliat  we  have  not  room  Cor 
them  here. 

Wednetday,  Auff,  21.   Visit  to  Fobd 
Abbey  A2fi>  St.  Mabt  OrTEBY, 

A  party  of  about  one  liundred  pro- 
ceeded by  the  railway  to  Ford  AU^y,  the 
seat  of  O.  F.  W.  Miles,  esq.,  situnt^i-d  be- 
tween Ax  minster  and  Yeovil,  and  iiflcr- 
wards  visited  St.  Mary  Dttery  and  Cad- 
hay-housc. 

Ford  Abbey  wat  a  Cistercian  hoase* 
dedicated,  aa  uaaal*  to  the  Virgin  Mary. 
The  monks  were  first  established  at 
Brighth/y  by  Baldwin  da  Brionils,  and 
their  jKissessions  were  greatly  augmented 
by  his  son  and  bii  daughter,  Kichard 
and  Adeliza,  tlie  liut  of  whom  removed 
them  to  Ford,  where  their  house  was 
completed  about  1143. 

The  most  ancient  pnrt  of  the  building 
remaining  is  the  grand  porch  tower,  which 
is  oompteiious  for  its  architectural  beauty. 
Thia  was  doubtless  the  original  entrance, 
and  is  adorned  with  the  arms  of  Baldwin 
de  Brioniis,  of  De  Kedven,  and  Court  enoy. 
Of  nearly  siiuilar  age  is  the  refectcjry, 
which  is  55  feet  by  37  ft.  9  in.  In  width, 
with  a  height  of  2d  feet. 

But  the  gem  of  the  building  is  the 
chapel,  the  urchiteoture  of  which  is  Anglo* 


878 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  LtietUgeneer. 


[.Oct. 


Kariunn ;  roQiidi^d  rilfi  «prlngm^  oui  of 
•olid  »(|iinre  *  hrnded  Normiin  iiitastcrB, 
poppoft  the  vtitilUfd  roof;  the  pHadp*! 
ore b on  ttrp  ol»i  usely  but  ilecidcdly  pointetl, 
»n<1  itrimiiieiited  with  the  \iitiid  zigzag 
IVitt-work, 

The  ciutcni  window  is  oftheTndorigc, 
mid  mnrki  the  wfjrk  of  Dr,  Thoraa*  Chard. 
tlin  liini  alibnt  of  Frird«  who  t^nterod  tbit 
ndJufl  in  ir/JU^iid  Hurreiidond  the  motias* 
tory  to  lUmry  VI  tL  March  8,  1530, 
CoiiiJderflhlo  ftUerntioni  were  waA&  in 
Ihi'  builduig  by  liim,  tind  they  are  genci^ly 
f»r  )^rt'ttt  1  nullify.  Tht*  ob»i*itiT  i»  in  the 
Tiulttr  Rtyht ;  the  innUkmi  mid  tnw^ry 
of  thi^  wiiidiiws  ttfB  beautifully  designed, 
bAving  o*ci'  them  »  frieze  of  8toni*-work 
with  shields,  niiirkiiig  tbo  beiiefucton  to 
ih(<  nhlH^*y*  The  ctoiiiter  ia  divided  by  a 
piite  cif  rrtotnn  iiud  mrcAdc  from  the  gmud 
fKiwh  tf»wer. 

T\w  wiilld  of  the  state -rooms  nre  a- 
domed  with  four  pieces  of  gobelin  tnpe«*ry 
in  bi'uutifiil  [>re»iTvn(ii>ii,  nnd  *iiul  tn  hiivo 
b«'vn  iiri'Keuted  by  Queen  Aujie  to  her 
Heen'inry  iit  War,  Frutieis  (iwyii,  whose 
fnuiily  nueeeethHl  to  this  proi^rty  by  the 
n!tvrriiiK:e  uf  MibnuiuT,  Hon  of  Sir  Kdnuiiul 
rmleviux^  liiirt.,  wiLli  Auiy  Fniuueeis, 
whono  diHighter  nnd  t^o-heireas,  in  ISilO, 
tniirried  Fruiu'is  Uwyn,  Ks<j, 

t'Mniund  I'rideiiux,  bel'ure-ufttned,  com- 
nimiri'd  the  Mlteniti^nia  of  his  bou««t  for 
vvhieh  |mr|iom«  hetnuphjyed  the  celobriited 
Iiu^jo  ,1«uj('H»  \vhi>  Ht  thiit  time  wn»  on- 
deavouriuff  to  tjitrodnee  the  Urtn^ian  style 
of  nn  liiUn^tui*  into  thin  eonulry.  These 
ftltemtionH  iire  di«t'uietly  to  bo  trficed,and 
it  In  for  to  mile  tbnt  the  elose  of  hU  litl%  In 
lCt5i-»  pr<»vtmUHl  any  further  niiitlktion. 
I'be  wintWwn  Jn  the  Riatn-rootnR  in  the 
wo«teni  wU>g  of  the  buildiug  npfl  quite 
out  of  chiinieter  with  tlioso  of  the  hall 
»i)joiuing«  whieh  nro  in  the  Tudor  style* 
The  KdrtreuM*  ereeUnl  by  biin  cxhibit«  lui 
ndurmible  iiHriuten  of  wiKHbearviufi^t  ns 
well  im  lUft  gr»iud  diuiii^-nioui  with  its 
nniquc  nnd  mnguidcent  ceilUig  of  ehilio* 
nit^'ly  curved  nnd  i^ilt  wninu'ot. 

After  part4ikiug  uf  n^fre«bment,  which 
wnn  kindly  provided  by  Mr.  nnd  Mrs. 
Miles,  the  trniu  convi'yed  tbo  party  to 
Ottery-fOdd  itnUuD*  wh«rc  corriagos  were 


in  wfttting  to  tiiko  ilirrn  t^-  '^' ITiff 

were   roodted   at  the   Ci  U«| 

Right  Hon.  Sir  J.  T,  «  ui-  nigv, 
eompAuied  by  his  son  John  Duke  Oiii«- 
ridge,  whov  with  bis  otittl  Ubcrmlhj  end 
coortesy,  hftd  prepared  an  idiidiifak 
luucheon  for  them. 

The  pJirly  then  proceeded  tA  Uiechi 
uuder  the  giiidMnee  of  Mr.  KobrrtA,  ftfchl' 
tect,   who  described    the    bnildiiig*     Oi 
Recount  diiTered  in  some  potDts  from 
received  history  of  the  cbiireh. 

Tlic  earliest  authentic  ni:>tice  reUtlng 
to  the  church  of  Ottery  St.  Miuy  is  de«; 
rived  from  a  Saxon  charter  bearing  tk 
1060,  '^whereby  Edward  the  Confe»or. 
the  18th  year  of  his  reign,  grunted  *iivmn* 
dnm  villRm  nomiuo  Otregiatn'  to 
Holy  Mother  of  Qod,  and  ever-blrstol 
Mrgin  Mary,  of  the  City  of  R-ouen.'*  Thi 
record  is  eoiilbrrocd  by  an  inopcxin 
charter  of  Henry  III.,  and  atiothtr 
Ricbtrd  U. 

From  Domesday  it  appear*  that  1 
Chuptcr  of  Tlouen  held  the  manor  of  ^11* 
liam  the  Conqueror,  but  there  ia  no  evU 
deuce  of  any  pariftli  church  on  the  rasnar 
prior  to  12G0,  when  Walter  BronesccMsl 
Bishop  of  Ejteter,  early  in  September, 
furmed  the  dt^ication  of  the  church. 

In  1335,  John  de  Grandi^son,  Bishop  of' 
Exeter,  formed   the   parish   dmrch    iiit 
a    collegiate   establishment,   and    openn 
a    com mit I li cation    with    the   Dean    and' 
Chapter  of  Rouen,  for  the  purchaijc  of  tbe^ 
manor  and  advowson  of  the  living.    It  d^ 
not  appear,  however,  that  much  was  doi 
to  the  church  after  its  first  ereutioa.    IVi 
ticularty  since  the  Dissoluttou,  the  fahri 
was  neglected  and  wiw  ftist  gouig  to  ruii 
when  through  the  instmmentality  of 
John  Coleridge,  aided  by  the  iQhnbitant%i 
it«  repair  and  reatoration  was  ooLnmencedt 
and  it  was  tiaally  brought  into  the  beao* 
tifttl  state  in  which  it  now  appears. 

Thia  church  ha*  been  called  a  «ith( 
dral  in  miniature,  and  in  some  degree  il 
merits  the  tenn;  for  although  doeeien' 
in  eitent  and  rangnificence,  it  possesaa 
all  the  usAial  features,  in  its  nave  ant 
chaueel,  with  their  continoocu  aisles^ 
traniepts,  Lady -eh;i pel,  and  smaH  lati 
Ghapcla.     like  Exicter  Cathedra),  aleo^ 


4 


T861.] 


British  Archaological  Association, 


879 


has  one  remarknble  feat  are,  lliat  of  tlie 
»diiptation  «>f  lU  two  towcra  to  thii  \xn\\a 
of  the  transept  J  an  arrftngpraent  of  great 
rarity,  at  least  in  tbis  country,  and  one  that 
mjiy  ingg^at  to  the  architect  of  the  present 
day  new  corabinatioTia  in  the  treatment  of 
ibcse  aim  Oft  etseutial  partA  of  t  clitmrh. 

The  cl lurch  eoniiliits  of  a  nav^e  and 
oUlefl,  with  a  htrj^e  ehapel  addt'd  ob  the 
north  iide,  a  tranat^pt  formed  by  the  two 
towers,  a  chancel  and  aledes  with  a  small 
chapel  on  each  aide,  and  a  Lady- chapel  at 
the  extrt^mc  east  end. 

The  principal  entranee  is  by  three  door- 
ways in  the  western  front.  That  in  the 
centre  consigts  of  a  ahtillow  groined  porrh 
of  phuD  character,  leading  to  a  double 
entrance  divided  by  a  column,  Oti  either 
■ide  of  the  middle  en  trance  is  a  canopied 
tiichei  and  above  Ihem  a  liv&-light  window 
of  Early  Engliah  character  within  a  seg- 
txieutid  pointed  arch ;  an  additional  mould- 
ing round  the  centre  light  leads  to  the 
bctlief  that  this  window  belongs  to  a  later 
period  timu  the  lancet  form  of  the  light* 
would  otherwise  Indicate.  A  atringronrac 
over  this  window  acrvea  as  a  base  for 
a  niche  in  the  gable,  containing  the  mntl- 
latcd  remaina  of  a  figure  tu  a  altting 
posture,  most  probably  of  the  Virgin,  to 
whom  the  church  »  dedicated.  Above 
each  aisle- doorway  is  a  Hmall  qiuitrufoil 
tight,  and  the  buttresses  of  tbia  point  ttr- 
minate  in  pinnaclea,  apparently  of  the 
fourteenth  century,  but  their  pfiulh  uiould- 
ingt  are  of  much  later  date. 

Tlio  nave  consists  of  five  bnya.  The 
al&le-vriudowfl  are  of  two  lights,  acparatv 
on  the  outride  like  the  Early  English  style, 
bat  encloaed  in  a  recess  wiih  a  tegmental 
sreb  on  tlio  inatde.  Between  the  n;wc  and 
ebaucel  stands  tbe  aouth  tower,  forming 
one  of  the  arma  of  the  transept.  Its  win- 
dows arc  all  of  Early  English  diameter, 
with  mere  ajdajs  on  the  outside,  and  no 
label  -  mouldings.  All  tbe  work  of  the 
tower  appears  to  belong  to  the  early 
peri(Hl  aliove  named,  except  the  plinths 
of  the  buttrefise*,  which  have  Perpendicu- 
hir  mualdings.  Tlie  chancel  has  lix  bays, 
and  is  very  similar  in  design  to  the  nave* 
The  Lady -chapel  appeurs  io  be  entirely 
Decorated. 


The  general  effect  of  the  exterior  ia  that 
of  boldness  and  aiinpUclty  rather  than 
richneaaj  the  grouping  of  the  towers  with 
the  projecting  chapels  and  porches,  and 
tlie  variety  of  style  shewn  by  the  lancet 
windows  of  the  aisle  and  transept,  by  the 
aingukr  wiudowi  of  tbe  clerestory,  and 
by  the  Peq)eudicular  work  of  tbe  north 
chapel,  impart  a  pictnreaque  character, 
so  often  found  in  the  titructurea  of  the 
middle  ages,  and  so  rarely  in  the  uni* 
formity  of  modern  architect ure. 

Before  leaving  the  church  Mr.  Planch€ 
gare  an  account  of  two  large  and  heauti- 
fill  effiguss,  one  on  e^ich  aide  of  the  nave^ 
which  hti  supposed  to  represent  a  nephew 
of  Biahop  Grundiason,  with  hiawife.  There 
ia  reajon  to  believe,  liowever,  that  they 
represent  Bir  Otbo  GrandiBson,  (a  brother 
of  the  Bishop,)  and  Beatrice,  bis  wife,  the 
daughter  and  eo-beirees  of  Nicholas  Mai- 
mayne^.  The  attitude  of  the  knight  ia 
peculiar,  bia  arms  being  crossed  on  his 
body,  with  bis  sword  held  in  his  right 
hand,  the  blade  passing  under  the  left 
arm  and  behind  the  giioulder.  There  are 
also  traces  of  coats  of  arms.  Tlio  reetim- 
beut  Icmale  effigy  has  a  s<]tiaro  bead-dress^ 
with  a  klrtle,  or  cofe-hardh,  fitting  elose 
to  the  person,  the  tratn  Ho  wing  tn  ample 
folds  to  the  feet,  which  rest  on  two  dogs 
with  their  heads  interjoiiied. 

From  the  chnrcb  the  members  pasaed 
through  Mr.  Coleridge's  grounds  to  Cad- 
bay-house,  the  residence  of  Capt,  Collina, 
Tlio  house  in  appearance  is  Eltzabethan, 
but  the  owncris  of  opinion  that  it  is  of  much 
older  date.  In  a  quadrangular  court  are 
niches  occupied  by  statues  of  Henry  VIIT., 
Edward  VI.,  Mary,  and  Eli7,ftbclb.  The 
wall^  of  the  court  are  for  the  most  part 
built  of  Rjuared  lliutii,  a  kind  of  masonry 
known  as  dice* work,  Along  the  left  side 
of  the  court,  within  tbe  houae,  rnns  a 
galk-ry,  in  the  centre  of  which  is  a  re- 
cess. Mr.  Davia,  architect,  in  explaining 
the  object  of  sncb  galleries,  fcaid  that  in 
very  early  times  it  was  customary,  in 
country  gentlemen's  houses,  to  have  a 
large  hall,  where  convivial  and  other 
meetings  might  Iw  held.  These  halls  were 
gradually  reduced  to  entmnco-halls,  and 
in  lieu  of  them  were  made  galleries  similar 


Antiguaruxn  and  literary  Inieliigencer. 


to  that  At  Cadb«y.  Cipt.  OSSam  lUtod 
tbnt  when  be  came  to  Cadfaay,  xmof 
jean  tinoet  tli^re  nkted  a  fpacioaa  lull* 
which  extended  from  the  groniifl-floor  to 
the  rocyf;  hot  he  had  tinee  transraniMd 
it  into  a  kitchen.  Ailer  fiirvoyinf  thk 
lkitdi(?n  the  pwtj  retiuiied  to  Eieter. 
At  the  fpnBong  mcetio^  a  paper  waa 


read  bj  Mr,  PetUgfev  oo  **  ftmrnm  Ao- 
tiqiiitica  in  Exeter,"  aaolhef  \pf  LimL- 
CoU  Harding  on  "  The  Coinage  of  £««!««'' 
and  a  third  by  Mr.  Gidkjr  oo  **Wbop^ 
YlaiU  to  Exeter/*  The  last  |i^w«  at 
though  remarkably  mteretting,  «raa  ftty 
long»  and  a  poitkio  of  it  waa  i 
dc^rred* 


(2V  l€  etmiimmsd.y 

CONGRESS  OF  THE  AUCHJEOLOGICAL  IXSTITUTE 
AT  PETERBOROUGH. 

(Conelmdedfram  p.  2SI.) 


Friday,  July  26.   PSTEBBOBOUOH 
CXTHEDBJX. 

MExmroa  of  the  section*  took  place  this 
day — ^m  the  morning  at  the  Granrinar- 
Bchool,  and  in  the  afternoon  at  the  Com 
Excltnnge.  At  the  former  the  D^n  of 
Ely  preiided,  and  papers  were  read  by 
Profeaaor  Babington  on  the  "Ancient 
Hictory  of  the  Fern  to  the  SoQth  of 
Peterborough,"  and  by  the  Rev.  E,  Trol- 
lope.  F.S.A.,  on  the  "  Cardyke." 

In  hi*  paper  on  the  Fen*,  Prof.  Babing- 
ton nid  he  wa*  only  aeqnaintod  with  the 
■oothem  portion,  Irom  Peterborough  to 
Cambridge :  the  whole  of  this  district  was 
oompoied  of  clayey  aoil,  and  almost  desti- 
tute of  stone,  and  therefore  a  Tery  bad 
oountry  for  drainage,  though  there  was  a 
Satnral  fall  down  to  the  sea,  Peterboroogh 
waa  aitoate  forty-five  foet  abore  the  level 
of  the  tide  at  Lynn,  and  Cambridge  fifty- 
one  feet  In  thoae  places  in  the  fens  which 
had  beea  selected  for  building  towns  and 
inllages  there  was  a  gravelly  rather  than 
a  peat  soil  He  did  not  belicTe  in  the  idea 
that  at  one  time  the  fen  district  wa*  one 
large  estuary.  In  the  time  of  the  Romans 
he  believ^  it  was  a  complete  pUin,  well 
drained,  with  good  roads;  but  after  tbey 
left,  it  was  neglected  till  the  timca  of 
James  L  and  Chartea  I.,  when  it  became 
impasiahle.  That  it  was  cultivated  at  a 
former  time  waa  oooArroed  by  tho  fact 
that  plants  and  trees  were  found  coostder- 
ably  tiekm  the  snrfaee  ihiit  wonlil  not  grow 
on  0  poat  solL  Malmimbary  hail  dtiiacribed 
Thomcj  as  a  perfect  parodine*  with  or- 
«faudib  fvden^i  and  vineyards:  this  was 


n  dDi^H 


in  the  twelfth  century.  He  believed  thai 
on  their  riiit  thens  ft  would  be  found 
bdow  thi*  description.  Sin«»  this 
the  rivers  bad  been  diverted  from  their 
natural  course.  The  Xene  formerly 
through  Whittleisca  Mere,  and  another 
branch  ran  down  to  Lynn.  The  QreetOnae 
formerly  went  to  Wbbeach,  and  not  to 
LyniL  In  the  thirteenth  century  the 
estnary  wa*  choked  up  to  Lynn,  and  hud  to 
find  anotlicr  channeL  A  cat  was  made  at 
some  time,  which  diverted  the  Onse  and 
the  Nene,  and  took  the  latter  to  I^rim* 
In  1490  the  Middle  Levd 
which  restored  things,  to  a  certain 
tent,  to  their  former  position.  In  li 
the  Bedford  Level  was  made,  and  a  vast 
deal  of  land  reclaimed  i  this,  however* 
caused  a  great  amount  of  backwater  in 
the  Soath  Level,  and  now  engineera  werw 
directing  their  attention  to  draining  the 
district  upon  the  same  principles  as  it  was 
form^ly  done.  He  would  now  speak  of 
the  roads  formed  by  tho  Eomans.  The 
map  befure  them  shewed  that  there  wim 
thr^  stations,  viz.  Cambridge,  Ilontin^* 
don,  and  Durobrivje.  In  addition  to  thi 
Ermine  Street  road  from  Huntingdon  to 
Lincoln,  there  waa  another  road  acroes  tho 
fens,  though  it  was  not  mentioned  iu  the 
"Itinerary.'*  The  rood  was  sixty  feet 
broad,  and  he  himself  had  measured 
fifty- two  fet-t.  It  was  eastly  diocovi 
able,  being  formed  of  pebblea,  which  wi 
to  be  found  across  the  loamy  aoil, 
came  as  fur  as  Klcttoii»  though  he  eonid 
not  say  where  it  then  went. 
Mr.  Babiugton*a  lecture  wu 


thai^ 
d&^H 
ttOMT^H 

theirH 
weot  ^^ 


-je 

feet 

..lii  ~ 


1861.] 


Archaological  Institute,  Peterborough. 


881 


I 


by  nn  oxcellont  mnp  of  the  feo  country, 
»b*.nviiig  rurdyke  nnd  the  more  recent 
cuts,  and  (iIho  the  old  BoinBn  rood. 

Ilie  Rev.  E.  Troll ope»  before  readings  his 
pnper  on  the  Cardyke,  made  fl  few  obser- 
^nitioTts  on  the  portion  of  the  comitry 
l^liicli  batl  just  het*ri  brooght  before  the 
meeting.  Having  been  all  his  lifetime  a 
feuman,  be  was  acqnalnted  with  some 
facta  which  were  perhnps  unknown  to  Mr. 
Ifabrngton*  and  which  be  had  f$pont  much 
time  in  making  hiiiuelf  waiter  of.  In 
the  ftrst  place,  with  retgard  to  trees  and 
phmta  being  found  where  they  could  not 
hsive  grown,  perbttpn  Mr.  Babington  was 
not  acquainted  with  the  theory  of  siibi»i- 
deuce.  A  very  large  dktnct  had  b,?on 
tnbject  to  change  by  thi^  means,  and  Pro- 
feseor  0*ven  had  agreed  to  the  accuracy 
of  the  theory;  these  changea  were  still 
going  on.  Land  beetlca  hwl  been  found 
below  the  level  of  the  sea,  and  trees  and 
plants  in  an  opright  growing  position.  It 
bad  been  a  matter  of  discnsaiou  as  to 
when  the  feu  had  been  suhmeTged,  and 
some  had  been  of  opinion  that  it  was 
previotts  to  the  time  of  the  Romans, 
With  regnrd  to  the  name  of  Ermine  Street, 
a  drx'ument  bod  lately  come  into  bis 
haudu  which  made  the  derivation  from 
Kortninga  atrtsL  After  a  few  more  obser- 
vations and  eritidsms,  Mr,  Trollope  pro- 
ceeded to  road  bis  paper  on  the  Cardyke. 
Ha  believed  it  to  be  oue  of  a  series, 
thongh  it  was  complete  in  itaelf-  There 
wiis  another  of  a  similar  constrnction  firom 
Lincroln  to  the  Trent.  The  llomans  bad 
much  to  contend  with  in  the  way  of 
dratuage  of  these  fens,  but  they  were  not 
people  to  be  eaaily  daunted  when  the 
object  was  the  rescuing  of  a  large  tract  of 
vnluuble  land,  and  bringing  it  into  a  state 
of  eoltivation.  They  therefore  at  onee 
citmmenced  at  Poterhorongb,  and  oon- 
stmctcd  a  dyke  fifty -six  mik-s  in  length. 
The  nnnie  of  Cardyke  might  have  been 
derivinl  from  Fen  T))'ke.  It  had  also  been 
called  Bell  D^ke,  which  name  waa  supposed 
to  have  been  given  it  on  account  of  the 
great  Tom  of  Lincoln  (which  tradition 
had  said  wan  n  present  from  PeterVHirough) 
having  been  conveyed  thence  by  it  to 
Lincoln,    Tbefo  was  no  doubt  this  d;ke 


had  been  made  by  the  Eoman  soldiers, 
who  were  almost  as  well  versed  in  the  use 
of  the  spade  as  the  sword;  though  it  is 
probable  that  the  natives  were  compelled 
to  asdst  in  the  most  bihoriouM  part.  The 
date  of  the  Card^ke  was  not  certain. 
Stukeley  bad  supposed  that  it  woa  in  the 
time  of  Nero,  but  from  the  character  of 
that  monarch  it  was  very  unlikely  that  be 
ever  did  anything  so  good.  The  probability 
was  that  it  was  made  in  the  time  of  Juliua 
AgricoK  A,l>,  79,  who  was  recalled  in  the 
yeor  84 ;  though  «ome  had  supposed  it  was 
in  the  time  of  Adrian.  After  the  llomans 
left  this  country,  Cardyke  was  macb  neg- 
lected. It  was  originally  fifty  feet  wide 
and  eighty  feet  deep»  and  wa§  not  begun 
at  Peterborough  because  that  was  an  im- 
portant plate, (for  it  did  not  then  ejtiat,) but 
on  account  of  the  vicinity  of  the  great  city 
of  Dnrobrivaj,  He  believed  that  he  was 
the  only  p4.rsijn  that  had  dared  to  encoun- 
ter these  fearful  fetift,  and  trace  dowo  the 
entire  course  of  Cardyke,  When  he  had 
stariiHl  for  that  purpose,  people  touclied 
their  foreheads,  intimating  that  he  waa 
a  little  bit  cracked.  The  fen  farmers  had  a 
very  bad  character,  but  he  had  never  found 
them  such  savages  as  they  were  represent* 
ed  to  be,  or  that  they  interfered  with  him 
except  when  be  was  treepossing,  and  then 
be  went  on  hi*  way  ns  fust  a.^  he  could. 

In  the  discussion  that  followed  the  read- 
ing of  these  papers,  Mr.  £.  A.  Freeman 
deliTcred  an  extempore  address  on  Crow- 
land  Abbey  and  Earl  Wftlfcheof,  prepara- 
tory to  the  visit  to  Crowland  next  day. 

At  the  aflernoon  meeting  Sir  Charles 
Anderson  read 

Some  RBMAttsa  on  the  West  Fbqxt 
OF  Lix coijr  MnfBTKB  ajid  tub  Wobes 

UOW  QODfO  ON  THBTl*. 

**  The  west  front  of  Lincoln  Minster  con- 
sista  of  early  Norman  work  of  the  time  of 
Eemigius;  of  Norman  work  of  more  or- 
nate character  of  the  time  of  Bishop  Alex- 
ander; of  Earl;  English  wings  and  up])cr 
itory,  and  of  later  additions  to  the  Nor- 
man towers  I  three  Perpendicuhir  windows 
and  niches,  with  fttatues  of  the  same  date. 
The  early  work  of  Romigius  is  diatinguish- 
able  by  the  wide  joints  of  the  masonry  and 
the  square  form  of  the  stones  of  which  it 
is  oompoted.    My  friend,  Mr.  Parker,  of 


383 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Inteliiffencfr^ 


OxfvTdf  having  exprtstaed  m  dmrt  to  ex.* 
iimme  tlie  fttt^tule,  I  aocooipfinied  tuin  to 

I/r*iolTi  Li>t  \eir,  and  we  spoDt  feTcral 
Lm  r^  in  r\[i  ring  the  interior  walls  and 
^1  i--,i^t9,  an  intricate  and  perpWiing  ex- 
ptrlition  ;  bat  we  were  rewarded  by  a  din- 
co^  cry  which  antitfactiiri))-  confirmed  what 
that  ahle  ecvlesiologist  had  before  aui- 
peeted,  viz.  tliat  at  the  period  when  the 
three  rich  doorways  were  inserted,  the 
cflpitala  of  some  of  Hewigini**  pilastera  had 
been  replaced  by  othera  of  a  later  charac- 
ter. On  the  outaide  there  waa  aonie  diffi^ 
cnlty  (owing  to  Uieir  distance  from  the 
eye)  in  aecertainlog  thia;  bat  in  a  portion 
of  t\\e  older  work  cxjmcealcd  by  Early  Eng- 
Ibh  eaaing,  and  by  that  caafig  protected 
fipoin  the  weather,  we  diacovered,  by  roeana 
of  A  ladder  brought  to  wa  by  the  intelli- 
gent  verger,  and  by  the  aid  of  a  lantern^ 
that,  flanking  one  of  the  large  Norman 
arches,  there  ^a£  ou  one  side  a  capiud 
of  lietnigius's  time,  dark  and  wralher- 
gtained,  and  on  the  other  a  richer  capital, 
fresh  aa  from  the  niaion's  cbiseL  Now 
ihi«  capit^d  Is  not  likely  to  have  been 
pLiced  there  in  modem  times,  becauae  it  ia 
in  a  dark  n<xik,  scarcely  visible  except  by 
artificial  light ;  therefore  the  inference  ia 
tlint  the  change  from  Nommu  to  Early 
English  was  taking  place  in  the  time  of 
Alexander,  and  that  the  Early  Engtiah 
work  was  added  almost  immediately  after 
the  ctipitiil  was  in&ertcd. 

"  There  is  a  great  doal  that  Is  int^Testing 
behind  the  exterior  seretn— (he  ha&es  or 
roots  of  the  aJditious*  to  the  itjwerji,  elastic 
aUine  beam,  &c.  Above  the  stone  roof, 
below  the  present  gable,  is  the  mark  of  an- 
other high-pitcbed  n>uf,  jirohably  of  Early 
English  date,  and  this  Icuda  to  the  eon- 
jecture  that  there  was  a  nnve  partly  Nor- 
man and  partly  Early  English  tiefore  Orcs- 
tete  be^au  the  present  nave,  ll  this  were 
ao,  it  may  account  for  that  irregnlarity 
in  the  line  of  the  vaulting  between  the 
towers  and  the  mive^  if  the  northern  piers 
were  built  in  the  time  of  the  Normiin  ones, 
and  the  southern  piers  extendi'd  south  to 
widen  the  nave  np  to  the  point  of  June* 
tion  ^'itli  the  clioirs  of  St. Hugh  ;  and  this 
aeeius  probable*  becainie  the  work  of  Uros- 
tete  Ixg^iin  in  consequence  of  the  fall  of 
the  toner;  but,  after  rill,  the  progress  of 
the  biilkling  must  be  a  matter  for  specu- 
lation, subject  to  many  conjectures  aud 
doubts  didk'ult  lo  solve.  Aud  this  brings 
mtt  to  tbe  iHjiuts  to  which  I  desire  to  call 
the  attention  of  the  public  through  this 
abort  ittut  iinperf •*  ■    ■    " 

*'  Fipstj  the  (1  ij*  every  effort 

to  promote  the  ^  .  :  v  ,  .u  and  classitl-* 
cation^  by  compulent  pertsotu,  of  the  ve- 


cofda  of  tliestf  grand  eccK  ild. 

inga  (which  from  their  si/  .uifi- 

cence  may  be  cmlU'd  uionuiutiits    oi  the  i 
natiuii's  pTOgresB  in  art  )^  so  as  to  be  nc-  { 
.,  .  *  ,1  1..  *..  f  .    .c,.  .t}.,.  r..^^  -^-^irou*  of  fX* 
i-c«.    The 
i        _         -   ■  '    \    '  :    'i  ;  -•■ '    ijHve  been  , 
pnbiished  by  the  burtces  i>*jc-itfty  of  Dur- 
ham, and  form  a  carious  hist4>r\  of  thej 
propress  of  that  building.  The  care  taketi 
of  their  libraries  abd  documents  both  at 
Durham  and  York  is  highly  ereditab1«  to 
the  Chapters  of  those  catb^rmla*    Of  tha 
state  of  the  recorda  of  Lincoln  I  oa»-  , 
not   speak,   but  juilging  from   the   |H>6l* 
tioD  of  one  most  interesting  ducutncut,  ] 
an  original  copy  of  Magna  Charta,  onal 
cannot   angur   well  for   the  tost.     TbisJ 
has  been  for  many  yean  hanging,  fmmfvll 
and  glazed,    over   the   fire- place    of  th<i| 
common  office  of  the  Registrar,  suhjeetl 
to  the   evil   cffecta  of  smoke  and  light, 
instead   of  l>eing  carefhlly   kept   in   tliol 
catbednd   libniry.      I   believe  a   bos  orj 
dniwer  of  ctdar  wood  to  \>e  the  beat  re-»:j 
ceptacle  for  parchments,  such  as  were  t 
in  the  Record  Office,  under  the  faithfulj 
guardianship  of  our  late  excellent  and  la- 
mented friend  Mr,  Hunter,  whose  nnme  I J 
am  ghid  to  have  this  opportunity  of  men- 
tioning In  terms  of  regard  and  respect* 

"Secondly,  1  say  that  as  these  cathe- 
drals are  national  monumenta,  the  pnblio* 
have  a  right  to  st*  that  they  are  carefully  J 
handled  j  that  no  improvements  or  rei 
ration*,  as  they  are  (often  very  imprt^per  J 
ly)  called,  be  made  without  the  opinimi  of 
the  most  ex^Kinenccd  men.  \Vcll-intcn*l 
tioned  2eal  without  knowledge  is  apt  tal 
make  sad  bavuc  llio  Chapter  of  Lincoln  ] 
meritoriously  spends  a  consideriible  so  in  J 
ftnnually  in  external  repairs,  and  if  ihe!*e| 
were  confined  to  the  keeping  of  roofs  ial 
order  (and  t}ie  leaden  roo/'s  are  well  kept)," 
there  would  be  no  cause  of  complaint ;  bat 
when  we  see  sucii  doubtful  expenditure  as  J 
is  now  going  on  in  the  we^t  front,  wbca 
the  interior  requires  every  attention,  II 
cannot  help  alluding  to  it.  In  my  remarkij 
I  would  by  no  means  censure  the  masons  y 
they  lire  careful  hands,  well  capable 
copying  obi  work,  and  e&ccutlng  newj,] 
they  only  do  what  they  are  ordered. 

**  In  ulluding  to  the  inttrior,  I  [>oint  ' 
the  ruinous  decHy  of  the  Purbcr  k  shufts^l 
the  uiodurn  yellow  and  wbitewrt?h  whicbl 
conccab  lhec<3loured  patterns  on  the  vjiult«l 
ing  of  the  nave  and  males  and  the  dua^ 
dkiinp,  and  dirt  in  the  sid^a  chupob  aud 
choir.    Wlieu  tbe  we«t  front  vv  i^ 
about  the  year  1811»  ihi-  decuvf 
iu  the  arcades  were  n*ptrtccd  b;^  i. 
of  Yorkflhtje  «and-atotie,  oa  being  st  ItaM 


J61.] 


ArcfuEologieal  Institute,  Peterborough. 


S83 


tline  tliQQglii  to  bo  more  darahlc,  hat 
■ome  hud  perUliecl  and  ihnmk,  njid,  during 
the  heavy  galea  of  the  last  two  years,  bad 
faileTi*  Now  I  believe  that,  wlih  the  ex- 
eeption  of  repliicing  these  nod  fastening 
others,  nothing  was  required,  llie  rest 
of  the  front  was  in  repair,  aji  the  aceom- 
pnnying  photograph  will  shew,  presenting 
a  uniform  tint  almost  e«ninl  to  that  of 
Peterborough  J  chHmiIng  to  the  eyes  of 
the  artist  and  of  that  inereasing  body  of 
educated  men  of  alt  classes  who  are  ahle 
to  appreciate  artistie  lieauty  and  to  diacrl- 
minate  between  good  and  bad  taste*  But 
last  year  the  south  tlnnk  of  the  front  be- 
low the  tower  wiw  scraped,  io  a«  to  pre- 
aent  a  surface  of  new  yellow  stone,  Tliia 
year  the  north  side  baa  been  suffering  thti 
nme  opemtioQ;  «o  that  the  centre  pre- 
sents a  dark  square  between  t^o  stripes 
of  yellow.  It  is  conteudetl  by  the  udvo* 
catM  of  the  scraping  system  that  it  will 
aoon  be  of  one  colour  again ;  but  if  so, 
why  scrape  it  at  all  ?  or,  being  scraped, 
why  not  mix  some  soot  and  water,  and  by 
means  of  a  fire-engine  on  a  dry  summer 
^j  stain  it  to  harmonise  with  the  rest, 
and  have  done  with  the  practice  for  ever. 
Afl  well  might  a  surgeon  scarify  the  rest 
of  a  limb  whlUt  curing  a  wound,  or  a 
sculptor,  after  atkiing  a  new  head  or  log 
to  an  antique,  scmiie  the  trunk  to  make  it 
as  white  as  the  new  mnrhle.  Only  fancy 
scraping  the  Apollo  Bolvidere,  or  tho 
Venus,  oecause  they  are  not  quite  white ! 
In  very  many  cases  of  restonitlon  much 
ori^inid  work  is  retnovcd,  which,  if  left, 
woold  last  for  many  years,  nnd  in  its 
tnmildenng  state  retain  far  more  of  life 
And  be8Ul;y  than  a  niotlcrn  copy:  this  I 
say  on  the  authority  of  Mr.  Buskin^  no 
mean  judge  in  »ocli  matters.  The  fact  is, 
that  the  exlcrior  of  a  cat  bed  nd  should  be 
as  tenderly  handkKl  as  tin  original  picture 
or  an  antique  statue;  and  every  altera* 
tion  or  restoration  should  be  chronicled  in 
ft  hook  kept  for  the  pnrpose.  Beverley 
Minster  is  an  instance  of  judicious  treat- 
ment. There,  no  stones  have  been  removed 
except  such  as  were  lost  or  decayed,  the 
L  rest  being  left  intact.  The  result  is,  that 
I  the  state  of  the  building  conft^ra  credit 
fc  vpon  those  who  administer  the  fund  left 
B^i^ its  preservation.  Tlie  same  enlightened 
■  ^tem  it  seems  is  purroed  at  Peterborough, 
tbstn  which  no  cathedral,  except  Salishury 
find  Ely,  bus  a  finer  tone  of  colour.  Where 
stone  is  so  decay ihI  as  it  is  at  Chester,  it  is 
dilBcult  to  my  what  should  be  done,  but 

I  at  Lincoln,  where  the  surface  is,  on  the 
whole,  i^erfect,  there  is  no  plea  for  inflict- 
iJig  on  it  the  tate  of  Marnyas;  it  should 
rather  be  kft  to  the  fur  more  wholesome 


and  kindly  treatment  of  the  clondji,  the 
smoke,  and  the  rain.  The  Society  of 
British  Architects  have,  I  believe,  unuvaiU 
ingly  remonstrated  against  the  scarifying 
process  :  had  I  not  been  justified  by  their 
opinion  I  should  not  have  ventured  to 
have  spoken  so  strongly,  though  I  have 
long  regretted  the  practice.  In  ctmdu- 
aion,  I  beg  to  say  thtit  my  object  in  read' 
ing  this  pnpcr  is  to  nid  in  promoting  an 
int^'Uigent  and  careful  watch  over  our 
great  catheilrub,  and  such  preservation 
and  arrangement  of  their  records  as  is  due 
to  tlie  public,  which  is  awakening  to  a 
sense  of  their  value  as  auxiUarics  to  the 
history  of  the  nation/' 

Several  fine  photographs,  shewing  what 
parts  of  tlie  west  front  had  been  scrmped, 
were  banded  round  the  balL 

Profenor  Willii  then  delivered  a  lecture 
upon  the  architecture  of  the  cathedral, 
first  stating  that  three  geiilleraen,  Mr. 
Owen  Davys,  Mr.  Paley,  and  Mr.  Poole, 
had  written  on  the  same  subject.  Mr. 
Owen  Davys  had  given  an  excellent  his- 
tory of  the  cathetlral,  and  an  adniimhle 
acscount  of  it  as  it  now  stood,  hut  lie  had 
not  made  any  original  iiivestigation,  Mr. 
Paley *a  ohjcct  was  ditftTent.  lie  had  con- 
fined himself  to  the  architecture  of  tho 
building,  and  candidly  acknowledged  that 
in  pursuing  his  investigations  he  hud 
adopted  the  principle  which  he  (Professor 
Wikia)  origiasliy  made  use  of  in  reference 
to  Canterbnry  CathcdraL  Ho  might  there- 
fore claim  Mr.  Palcy  as  a  pupil,  and  had 
read  his  hook  with  much  pleasure.  In 
making  his  int^uiriea,  however,  as  to  Pcter^ 
borough  Catheilral,  he  adhered  to  his  in- 
variable custom  of  ignoring  nil  previous 
writers  until  he  had  made  his  own  investi- 
gations. After  that,  be  read  what  others 
had  written  upon  the  subjects  Unless  in- 
vestigations were  pursueil  in  that  manner, 
the  mind  could  not  be  kept  free  from  buta, 
and  the  truth  mould  never  l>e  arrived  at. 
A  man  who  went  to  the  study  of  an  an- 
cient builtling  with  a  particular  theory 
already  impresned  upon  his  mind,  could 
hardly  help  following  in  the  footsteps  of 
his  predecessor.  Mr.  Poole  had  applied 
the  same  principle  in  his  investigations  «a 
Mr.  Paley,  hut  had  arrived  at  exactly  op- 
posite results*    \\licther  he  should  pro- 


ir,  ,*- 


SS^I 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  MelBffencer. 


IMmtid  m  third  ihamj  rvmjunfid  Ui  be  s€«n* 
In  aU  lnvaiiig*i«<»ii  of  Ihtt  imturc,  it  w«i 
•  lo  i#ft  if  tiirrc  were  nny  writUn 
poll  tlio  •ubject^  iiud  tbeti  to 
lit  Ibi  fltoMi  wpmk  for  tbomiolvot.  In 
•ome  cum  lluire  wtre  no  document*,  mud 
tlmi  tbey  wert  lafi  hney  free,  hut  in  tbo 
|irf«9Eit  ewe  there  were  many  doeumenti. 
l>rofot«or  WiUi»  then  gave  an  hUtorical 
ikctch  of  tbe  catbcdrrtl,  Ititenpersed  with 
nnnarkM  upon  it«  iirchit«ctnre,  and  wid 
tbiit  aflcr  the  afternoon  lenlcc  at  the 
c:athedral,  whtrh  he  hoped  all  wauld  at- 
tend, ho  •botilci  l>e  huppy  to  go  round  and 
point  out  on  th«  fpot  thd  varioa*  archi- 
tectun*!  fHuniUarltici  to  which  bo  hnd 
allnUvd  m  htii  nddrcwt« 

After  th**  »eirviet%  tlie  I*rofc«ior  coin- 
inenced  lti«  promi»c4  explnntitic?ii.  Under 
hii  g«id»nce  the  raffmher*  vinitwl  every 
portiuri  of  the  Ciit1i*^<lr!iU  mid  the  remain* 
of  the  old  convcnturil  hqlldiiig^  the  ar- 
rnngctnent,  form,  and  naes  of  which  he 
pointed  out  in  considenihle  di'tall*  which, 
howeverj  hflrdly  admit  of  u  report.  One 
point  on  which  he  ctpccinlly  dwelt  was, 
thttt.  the  grout  feature  of  Peterh<irough 
CHthedml  wa»  the  few  changea  of  atyle 
that  It  displayed ;  ntid  when  it  waa  con- 
^dcred  that  the  building  wai  aeventy-five 
years  in  the  conrt^e  of  conatruction,  it 
shewed  that  nuieh  revcrenoo  wai  di^playefl 
by  the  builders,  and  tlioi©  who  employed 
thctn,  for  the  originnl  Norinan  design , 

At  thx'  evening  meeting,  J.  Lunjbert, 
FiBcj,,  read  a  paper  on  the  Sjirnni  llynmal, 
Bome  of  the  poiittoua  in  whicii  were  re> 
plied  to  by  tb«  Dean  of  Ely* 

Saturday,  July  27.     ExotmsioK  TO 
Thobnby,  Ceowiand,  Ac. 

An  excursion  was  mada  to  Thorney, 
Crowland,  Fcultirk,  Xortliborough,  Qlin- 
ion,  and  Woodcrolt,  The  firxl  pluee  visited 
WHS  the  ehnrch  of  Thorney,  tUe  nave  of 
the  Nurinan  con  vent  usil  church,  to  which 
on  cmi  end  hns  boen  added  by  Mr.  Bloro. 
T\w  went  front  is  an  ex4?eedingly  ftne  spo- 
vinien  of  Niirniun  architeetnn%  and  ha  a 
a  noble  Per|iei*dicriihir  window  set  between 
the  original  Kiniire  turrets.  It  is  supposed 
|o  be  of  tlie  ewly  part  of  the  twelfth  ccn- 
inry,  and  ia  the  most  perfect  pari  that 
6 


remains  of  the  M  bniiaii^    IW 
arches  and  trifadixiB  arv  of  tlia 
century  ;  tbe  ckiosiuv j  lu*  Inen  ilulf iqvi^ 
and  the  aiehes  wafled  itp^  tli»  aaiisa  Msf 

alt  destroyed.  Its  areltitertwal  faslwit 
were  described  by  Mr.  J.  H.  Fifk0.  Them 
U  some  Qennan  ilafDed  gkM  in  Ifc*  wis- 
dowp,  and  on  the  norili  w«ll  * 
tablet  to  Ezekiel  1>aniis»  « 
peignej  In  France,  who  WM  pMtor  «f  li* 
French  congregation  at  Tbern^  from  tht 
time  of  their  first  conung  ib<n%  Itt  tClfl^ 
nntil  his  death  in  1674.  The 
exhibited  a  register-hook  of  their 
nisrriaf  <9i,  and  burials.  Their 
works  are  still  ooroniemonited  in  Uw  mmB 
of  French  Drove. 

At  CrowUnd  the  remaios  of  tlie  alilii|'* 
cimrch  were  elucidated  by  Mr.  FraenMOi 
who  for  the  space  of  nearly  two  hoon  mm 
fatly  ocoupied  in  taking  the  vidtofa  fhnn 
one  point  of  interest  to  another,  and  Tee- 
taring  on  the  variotB  portions  of  tlie  bnikt- 
ing  as  he  proceeded.  The  Rev.  Edward 
Moore,  F,SA.,  described  at  length  the 
nieanB  which  had  been  recently  taken  to 
maintain  the  central  west  front,  with  its 
niagniBcent  army  of  ^ntuary,  nnder  the 
direction  of  Mr.  0. 0.  Scott,  and  by  which 
its  full,  which  apptared  imminent,  has 
been  eflfectually  arrested^  The  bridge  of 
CrowUnd  also  attracted  notice  i  it 
of  tVireo  pointed  arches  eonccntrated,  a 
ie  of  late  Deeorated  or  Transition  style. 

After  luncheon  nt  the  George  Hotel  ii 
Crow  land,  the  party  proceedetl  to  Pe^ikirk, 
whore  is  a  imall,  bnt  very  ancient  village" 
church,  with  carved  oak  fittings.  It  baa 
a  bclUgable,  instead  of  a  tower.  Tbe  ori< 
gtnal  church  was  Norman,  but  the  whoW 
west  front  has  been  altered*  The  preseni 
south  aisle  is  £arly  English,  and  there  ig] 
an  Early  English  lancet  at  the  end  of 
alible,  and  another  at  the  west  front 
tbe  nave.  The  church  contains  the  »1 
gf  an  Early  Engliah  leeti'm,  which  onghl 
to  bo  carefully  pri'ScrvecL  It  is  of  oak,  aei 
in  a  socket  of  Atone.  The  windows 
filled  with  modem  stained  glass,  in  me* 
mory  of  BUhop  Mnrsh  and  the  bite  Canon 
James.  About  a  hnndn^d  yartlg  from  tb< 
cast  end  of  the  church  is  a  small  bnt  ii 
teresting^  chapd,  once  dedicated  lo  tli 


i 


1861.] 


Areheeohgical  Institute,  Peterborovgk. 


885 


Saxon  saint,  Pegu,  now  converted  into  a 
dwelling-hoiifie  culled  "  The  Heratitugo.'' 
It  contain  1  n  rerj  dimintitive  nave  and 
otinnci-lt  with  iin  east  window  of  beflntiful 
design,  a  piacinii,  a  gable  croas,  nnd  one 
or  two  windowa,  more  or  Iom  blocked.  It 
ii  of  the  beat  gromotric  ckt^. 

The  next  place  visited  \\ms  Northborougb, 
the  chnrch  of  which  hns  by  way  of  a  south 
tranftppt  a  chantry  ehiLpd  of  biild  Deco- 
rated work,  and  of  a  tDagnificence  over- 
powering to  the  older  part  of  the  edifice; 
it  waa  erected  by  the  hist  of  the  fiiujily 
of  Delaoiere.  This  is  a  very  fine  church, 
dedicated  to  St.  Benedict.  Its  nnusnnlly 
high  tpire,  nearly  twice  as  high  as  the 
tower,  is  remarkable  for  it«  bulging  ttides. 
The  general  type  of  the  building  la  late 
I)«!  »nited,  about  1370,  The  square  font 
is  Nonuan,  placed  on  a  base,  with  a  >hiillt 
at  each  angle.  Under  the  belfry  lies  a 
defueed  stone  effigy  of  a  inan^  apparently 
the  counterpart  to  a  similar  effigy  in  the 
churchyard;  the  latttr  h.is  the  wimple, 
the  head  resting  on  two  square  cutihions, 
tlie  upper  one  set  dingonally*  In  the 
chnrchyartl  are  also  several  stone  cuffin- 
lidi  of  the  thirteenth  century. 

Nurthboroiigh'house  whs  the  reHidenco 
of  Mrs.  Clnypole,  one  of  the  duughiers  of 
the  Protector  Oliver,  but  it  is  siiU  more 
remarkable  for  its  structure  than  its  his- 
tiiry.  Mr.  l^rker  pronounced  it  to  be 
the  best  existing  epccimcn  uf  a  mcdiieval 
house  in  this  country.  It  is  of  tlie  age 
of  Edward  IL,  in  plan  resembling  the 
letter  H,  the  hall  occupying  the  ccoLre^ 
whilst  the  butteries,  kitchcni*,  nnd  Ber- 
ranU*  rooms  were  in  one  wing,  w^d  tlie 
chambers  of  the  family  iu  the  other.  One 
gable  of  the  hall  is  holilly  crocketed,  and 
temoliiates  in  a  beautifully -carved  circuUtr 
chimney ;  nnd  Mr.  Parker  thought  it  pro- 
bable that  the  other  gable  0(iginully  cor- 
res|K>ndcd.  The  windows  of  the  hull,  two  on 
either  side,  are  Sfjunre-hcailodj  untler  labels 
filled  with  the  IrtLllflowtr.  Thtir  trac*^ry 
Li  now  built  up»  in  order  to  form  »m  upper 
story*  This  house  stood  surronndtHl  by 
a  moat  and  fortified  wall«,  of  which  tlic 
gatebouie  remains^  with  its  original  oaken 
gates,  both  for  carriages  and  footmen,  the 
Utter  door  having  ako  a  central  wicket. 
Ga^rr.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXl, 


At  Clinton  Church  are  some  effigies 
which  it  liRs  been  thought  cjime  from  the 
recesses  in  the  chantry  at  North  borough ; 
hut  this  idea  is  unsupported  by  proof*  nei- 
ther do  tbeir  proportions  fit,  llie  effigy 
of  a  lady  in  a  wimple  and  long  veil  still 
reinains  exposed  to  the  weather  in  Glin- 
ton  clnirchyarJ.  In  the  tower  of  the 
chnrch  litfl  a  mule  effigy  of  unusual  clia- 
racter,  lie  is  in  civil  costume,  with  a 
hunter's  horn  strung  at  his  right  side, 
and  a  bunch  of  arrows  stuck  under  tbo 
strap  by  which  th<*  horti  in  susjwnded, 
anil  under  his  lelt  arm  is  either  a  staff  or 
a  bng-bow, 

Tbc  last  object  to  which  the  attention 
of  the  tourist*  was  directed  was  Wooilcroft- 
house,  an  edifice  of  the  fourteenth  cen- 
tury. The  inoftt  in  this  instance  ran  di- 
rectly rotmd  the  walls,  and  in  part  re- 
mains, as  well  as  tbc  round  t4>vvcp  at  one 
of  the  angles,  the  scene  of  the  crael  death 
of  Dr.  Hudson,  the  chuplaio  and  confi- 
dintsfil  attendant  of  Cbarlcs  I. 

A  ft't^  champHre  at  the  Viiieywrd  had 
been  announced  for  the  evening,  but  as 
the  weather  was  unfavourable  tljis  was 
changed  for  a  Moirit  at  thu  Muiieuni. 

On  Sunday,  J«/y  28,  there  was  full 
choral  strvicc  at  the  cathtdral ;  the  llishop 
of  Oxford  preiiclictl  on  the  connection  of 
tbc  pniit  with  luairs  hope  of  the  future. 
In  showing  "whenc*  we  derived  our  in- 
terest in  the  pflht,"  he  nmiutaincd  that 
umn  must  be  educated  btfore  he  can  look 
bafik  t  for  the  uncivilised  nmf\  only  regards 
the  prcfl*^'nt  and  his  immediate  wants.  But 
be  who  considers  the  past  with  its  me- 
morials, however  m^n  and  trivial  the 
remains  of  these  memorink  may  be,  is 
thereby  led  to  a  contemplation  of  the 
future,  of  which  the  result  ought  to  be, 
to  fit  him  for  imtiiortality. 

Mondai/,  Jftfy  29.     EXCVKBIOS  TO 
roriiKaiKOUAT,  Tausob,  &c. 
At  the  morning  meeting  Mr,  l?ik'y  read 
nnclrib-imte  iwperou  li'gulf,  which  shewed 
couilusively  the  spurious chanicter  of  that 
work,  but  was  too  loi'g  to  admit  of  a  satis- 
factory analysis  here.     It  will,  we  helievp, 
be  published  by  the  Institute.    The  paper 
gave  rise  to  some  dUcusaion,  in  the  course 
34 


886 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Inielliffencer. 


of  whU  h  Mr.  FrcGinaii  said  tbat«  as  be  hod 
lately  hnd  ocai«ion  to  go  throng b  the  bo- 
catlfd  llbtory  of  iDgnlf,  wbeti  studying 
ibe  bistory  of  CrowUnd,  be  could  most 
willingly  giVQ  bis  testimony  to  the  force  of 
most  of  Mr.  Riiey'»argartients.    He  would 
not  say  whether  be  sbonld  have  fbond  out 
for  hiinsiflf  that  the  book  wstf  a  forgery, 
but  certiiinly,  when  it  is  read  with  the 
knowloilge  thnt  many  eminent  scbolars  re- 
ject it,  it  U  easy  to  find  proofs  of  forgery 
ill  every  puge.    Words,  and  forms  of  words, 
are  constantly  nsed  which  were  utterly  un- 
known in  the  eleventh  century ;  the  very 
mune  given  to  tbe  Abbey  at  ouoe  betrays 
ft  later  date  than  that  of  Ingolt     Tbe 
pseiido- Ingulf  writes  Cropland,  a  modem 
form,  apparently  connected  with  the  ab- 
aurd    derivation,   sometimes   given,  from 
the  French  <?roix.     But  the  true  form  of 
tbe  namet  us  found  in  tbe  Chronicle,  in 
Florence,  in  Oideric,  atd  in  WiUlam  of 
Mttlmcflbiiry,  is  Crwlaud  or  Croland,  and 
on  the  spot  it  is  to  this  diiy  Mlways  writttm 
and  pronounced  Cropland.     There  could, 
Mr,  Freeman  said,  be  no  doubt  whatever 
as  to  tlie  form  of  tbe  name,  but  the  ex- 
planation of  it  be  would  leave  to  Mr.  Earle* 
Then  sgain  tbe  pseudo- Ingulf  constantly 
uses  the  word  -*1Stn%on'*  m  opposed   to 
**  Norman/*   as  is   vnlgnrly  done  in  our 
own  time.    It  net^ds  hiirdly  to  be  suid 
that  no  writer »  French  or  Englitib,  of  the 
eleventh  century,  ever  eulk^l  Kuglishmen 
by  anytbing  but  their  own  name  of  Eng* 
llMhnien.     Tbe  blunder  as  to  the  d:ttc  of 
the  Emperor  Alexius  Komneuos  would  of 
itself  be  enough  to  upset  tbe  autbenticity 
of  the  history.     Tlien,  in  describing  the 
death  of  William  tbij  Comjucror,  the  wri- 
ter removes  Ihe  scene  of  his  accident  from 
Mantes  to  Lo  Mans,  (Cenomannia),  a  not 
unlikely  confusion  in  one   writing  some 
centuries  after,  but  utterly  inipos«ible  In 
a  contemporary.     His  remark  again  that 
Philip  was  a  very  common  name  in  France 
is  dearly  the  remark  of  a  writer  of  tbe 
fourteenth  or  fiitcenlh  century,  when  such 
really  was  the  case.     In  tbe  cUvcnth  cen- 
tury, ou  the  other  hand,  not  a  single  Philip 
found  bis  way  into   D.«mciday;   in  f«ct 
King   Pliilip,  tbe   contemjKjrary  of  Wil- 
liixiii  Wfts  tbe  first  beoi^er  uf  the 


which  came  about  in  a  most  enrious  way, 
through  Constantinople  and  Haasia^  from 
tbe  old  Macedonian  Kings.    On  one  pointy' 
however,  Mr.  Freeman  said  be  must  pill' 
in  a   word   for   Ingulf.     Mr.  Riley  lup^ 
poses  that,  when  Ingulf  ^poke  of  Hugh, 
King  of  tbe  French,  in  937,  be  meant 
the  Unghf  commonly  called  Capet,  wb4) 
was    elected   King   in    987,   and    thinks 
that  the  mistake  is  in  the  date.     But  ii, 
is  evident  from  tbe  whole  passage  tbi 
Ingulfs  mistake  is  solely  in  the  title; 
has  turned  Hugh,  Duke  of  the  French, 
father  of  Hugh,  King  of  the  French,  inl 
a  King  biuisclf.     The  error  is  eimctly  tl 
same  in  kind  and  in  degree  as  Mr.  Riley^ 
own  error  (and  Ingulfs  too)  in  tumii< 
King  Henry,  father  of  the  Emperor  Oito^ 
into  an  Emperor  himself.     It  is  moat  im^ 
portant  for  the  general  history  of  Enghuid 
that   tbe  spurious   character  of  Ingulfs 
history  should  he  fully  recognijied,  as 
work  Ims  been  the  source  of  grcat4?r  mi 
conceptions.     The  notion  of  William  the 
Conqueror's  delibemte  attempts  to   rool 
out  tbe  English  language  comes  whoU; 
frotn  Ingulf,  and  is  utterly  opposed  to 
tbiit  we  knuw  from  trustworthy  foi 
Williftm*s  tyranny  was  not  a  tynuiny  of' 
set  par|M3se,  but  one  which  was  the  result 
of  circmnstsnces  and  which  grew  npon 
him  by  degrees.  In  the  mutter  of  hingttag« 
the  uue  of  tVench  was  merely  a  matter  of 
convenience;    William  nsed  tlie  EngUih 
language  in  charters  addressed  to  his  Eog- 
llsh  subject^t,  and  lit  one  ticne  even 
an  attempt  to  learn  it  himself.     Or, 
take  a  minor  point,  tbi*  attractive  chi 
ractcr  of  Queen    £adg|th,   given   in 
many  writers  and  nnurngtit  others  by  Si 
Edward  Bulwer-L}  tton,  (whose  loman* 
however,  is,  on  the  whole,  more  accural 
than  most  p4;oplc*B  histories,)  comes  alm«i 
wholly  from  Ingnlf.     She  %urcs  there 
the  rose  springing  firom  the  thoro« 
••Slcut  spina  roaum,  f  en  tiki  Godwin  us  Kdilhi 
OS  one  "nullo  modo  patris  ant  fmtnti 
bar  barium  sapiens."     In  the  true  hlstoi 
of  Florence,  ihe  apfjears  as  a  fellow- coi 
spirator  with  To»tig,  and  as  procuring 
treaclierous  murder  of  Gospatric  in  Tosti] 
intirest.     It  is  evident  not  only  that 
History  of  Ingulf  is  not  a  comjiosition 


hs^l 


10 


Arc?usoloffical  Institute,  Peterborough. 


387" 


the  elercnth  cenltiry^  hut  that  it  is  not 
of  tbe  leHst  iiathoritjr  for  the  general  hia- 
toric^il  events  of  the  eleventh  centory. 
At  the  game  time  M  r.  Freeman  professed 
Itiiiiself  qnltc  ready  io  accept  lK>tb  the 
paiiado- Ingulf  and  the  pseudo-Peter  of 
Blob  us  good  authority  for  purely  load 
mAtters,  the  dates  of  buihlin^,  aiid  bo 
forth,  where  the  forgers  had  no  temiitation 
to  fabify,  Aud  where  they  dotibtle§s  wrote 
from  tbe  authentic  records  and  traditiona 
of  the  Abbey. 

At  the  conclusion  of  this  discussion, 
an  exctirBion  was  made  to  Warmingtou, 
Fotheringhiiy,  Elton,  Tiinsor,  Cotter»tock, 
aud  Oundle. 

At  Wnnnmg^ti  Mr, Freeman  made  aomo 
remarks  on  the  arcbit^ctarc  of  tbe  church, 
which  is  probably  the  finest  ap^cim^n  of 
the  Enrly  EngUsb  style  m  NorLhAaii>ton- 
•bire.  Its  detnlU  arc  of  the  richest  cha- 
racter and  are  worthy  of  the  most  atten- 
tive study ;  many  of  them  have  lH?en  illus- 
trated in  tbe  collection  of  drawings  of  tbe 
church  published  by  Mr.  Cftvelcr.  The 
church  \i  one  of  tbe  usual  Northampton- 
shire pattern;  tbe  western  tower  with 
iti  massive  broach  is  quite  of  the  mual 
type,  differing  from  the  interior  eiamples 
•olely  in  the  increased  richness  of  ck»taiL 
It  is  evident  from  the  position  of  the 
beifry-wifldows,  that  the  nave  never  bad 
a  high-pitched  roof.  The  rich  triplets  in 
the  south  aisle  are  remark:d(k  both  for 
their  elaborate  detail  and  fur  their  pc«i- 
tion,  which  doei  not  seem  very  well  Buited 
to  the  form.  Bat  the  grcjit  feiiturt*  of 
Wartiiington  is  tbe  interior  of  the  nave, 
with  its  timber  vrnilt.  ITiis  nave  has 
something  of  a  French  clmrsicter  about 
it,  at  least  it  does  not  exhibit  tbe  purely 
£uglish  Lancet  style,  quite  free  from  all 
ttaoes  of  Romanesque  on  the  one  hand, 
and  from  all  tendencies  to  Geometrical 
on  the  other.  In  many  of  the  finest  French 
buildings  windows  with  tracery  fully  or 
nearly  developed  rest  on  pillars  wldch  are 
by  no  moans  clear  of  Romanesque.  So  it 
is  at  Amiens,  so  it  is  also  at  Warmingtonj 
the  piers,  with  their  capitals,  and  tbe 
mouldings  of  tbe  pler-arcbes,  are  still  half 
Bomanesque,  while  the  clerestory  has 
Oeometriod  windowi,  early  Indeed,  but 


still  real  traceried  windows  and  not  mare 
groupings  of  lancets.  The  vault  again, 
so  rare  in  Engliiib  parish  churches,  except 
now  and  then  in  the  chancel,  is  in  it«elf 
a  French  fefiture,  though  the  lieatitiful 
corbels  from  which  it  risos  are  of  a  purely 
Kngliiib  kind.  The  timber  vanlt  is  more 
common  thnn  people  think  in  our  great 
churches,  an  in  the  eastern  limbs  i>f  Win- 
ciie^ter  and  St,  Albans,  and  there  can 
be  no  rea!?onftble  objection  to  it  when 
tbe  pillars  will  not  hear  a  vault  of  stoncw 
Many  of  the  windows  of  Warmington 
church  an?  excellent  studies  of  that  Enrly 
OeoraetricaJ  trat'cry  in  which  North  Xortb- 
ainp  ton  shire  abttunds.  One  sign  of  it  is 
the  opn  truncated  &ofiit  cu^p,  a  pcrisbnble 
ornament  which  has  been  lost  out  of  tho 
h&id.H  of  many  windows.  Tlie  firjeat  ex- 
ample of  this  style  in  the  county  is  the 
noble  east  window  of  Riiundt*.  The  chancel 
at  Warming  too  could  never  have  been 
vaulted,  and  must  tberefore»  in  its  best 
days*  have  been  very  inferior  to  the  navei 
it  is  now  mftde  stiil  more  so  by  incongruous 
later  altera tians« 

At  Fotheringbay  Mr.  Freeman  com- 
ment: d  on  the  history  and  architecture 
of  tbe  Church  and  College.  He  wished 
his  hearers  particularly  to  understand  that 
the  College  of  Fotheringbay  was  not  a 
Jesuits'  College,  but  a  Society  of  secular 
PricBts  and  Oerks  under  a  Master,  esta- 
blished by  tbe  Dukes  of  York,  the  owners 
of  the  neighbouring  casLle,  for  the  better 
performance  of  divine  service  in  their 
parish  church,  amd  tor  the  other  purposes 
for  wliich  scttilar  Colleges  usu  dly  were 
fouu'le*!.  The  College  was  founded  towards 
the  end  of  the  fourteenth  or  beginning  of 
the  fifteenth  century,  for  it  received  gifts 
and  benefiictions  from  several  successivo 
Dukes,  and  the  exact  date  of  tbe  begin- 
ning of  the  foundation  seems  not  quite 
certain.  It  seems  however  most  probable 
that,  whatever  may  have  been  planned, 
the  College  liad  no  legal  existence  till 
ltl2,  when  Duke  Edward  obtained  a 
charter  for  its  endowment.  This  is  bow- 
ever  in  no  way  inconsistent  with  the  belief 
that  the  choir  had  been  alrejidy  built  by 
his  f^ithcr  Duke  Edmnnd,  sod  of  Edward 
th«  Third,  as  part  of  the  preparatloo  for 


I86L] 


Archmological  Institute,  Peterborough^ 


389 


uid  btisement^nioiiltlings*  The  windowB 
in  theiB«  iHiya,  »nd  at  the  east  «iid  of  the 
Bi»le,  arc  Oeometrieal  of  three  lights,  of 
a  peculiar  ntid  nn«ightly  chanict<jr,  but 
not  unpuriLllGlc^I  elsewhere. 

The  de restore  on  the  north  aide  hfta  the 
iikoal  equiire-h ended  Decorated  window; 
on  the  *nith  tbey  hiive  been  reduced  to  the 
oominon  domealic  type,    Th&  roof  m  low. 

Tb«  two  doorways  are  both  very  g^ood. 
The  northern  one,  like  so  many  already 
meuttoneil^  retuina  much  Normaiii  cha- 
racter, but  is  probiibly  no  earlier  than 
the  EsLrly  English  [wrtions.  Its  ronnd 
ftrch  IS  enr'icbed  with  a  peculiar  form  of 
the  chevron^  having  a  remarkfibly  bold 
projection.  The  banded  shafts  have  flo- 
riated ctipitak  rather  Early  English  than 
Norman,  but  the  abiiei  arc  square.  The 
■outb  doorway  is  decidedly  Eiirly  English, 
tbe  arch  being  pointed,,  and  the  tooth- 
omamcnt  occurriiig  both  in  the  arch  and 
in  its  lahel*  The  two  trails  are  however 
of  different  chaructcr;  thut  in  the  label 
stil]  retains  aomti  traces  of  the  cht'vron, 
while  the  inner  one  is  compcwed  of  four 
leaves.  The  shuftd  bare  TaulBhed,  hut 
their  moulded  capitals  remain.  Both  door- 
ways are  covered  by  unsiglitly  modern 
porcbesi  but  that  on  the  north  side,  from 
tbe  traces  of  a  high-pitched  roof,  would 
seem  to  occupy  the  site  of  an  elder  one. 

The  diminutire  chancel  seems  almoet 
crowded  with  ita  five  windows,  though 
those  in  the  side  walls  are  of  no  great 
insA.  Those  in  tbe  western  bay  are  single 
lancets  i  in  the  eastern  Geometrical  of  two 
lights;  the  East  window  is  hite  Ferpen« 
dictdar,  and  its  deprened  arch  agrees  but 
ill  with  the  high  gable  above* 

The  intomnl  aspect  of  the  chnrch  is 
most  singular,  from  the  great  variety  and 
irregnlority  of  the  pillars  and  arcbt^  of 
its  long  nave  ;  the  length  of  which  is  in- 
creased  in  appearance  by  a  very  peroep- 
tibla  asoent  tn  tbe  pavement  towards  tbe 
£ast,  besides  which  it  slopes  at  nearly  an 
equal  angle  towards  the  Soath.  lliere 
are  six  arches  on  the  north  aide,  and  6ve 
on  tho  soath;  these  will  require  to  bo 
mentioned  in  detail,  as  the  two  range* 
differ  much  in  other  respects  besides  num- 
ber.   The  piers  tliroogboat»  both  of  Her- 


man and  later  date,  are  tall  columns,  the 
former  bdng  far  lighter  than  i&  usual  in 
that  style-  The  arches  are  of  two  orders, 
the  pointed  ones  being  chamfered^  as  in- 
deed the  inner  order  of  tbe  ronnd  one«  is 
on  a  smflU  scale.  The  northern  range 
a  (funis  some  good  examples  of  stopped 
chamfers,  which  are  wanting  on  the  south. 

The  western  regjiomls  on  both  side*  are 
Norman,  as  are  also  the  two  first  pillars 
and  arches  reckoning  from  the  west.  The 
third  arch  on  the  north  side  is  also  Nor* 
man,  but  its  eastern  pillar  h  Early  Eng- 
lishf  w^ith  a  round  capital  and  numerous 
mouldings ;  tbe  next  pillar  also  is  simiUr. 
The  three  efi stern  arches  are  pointed,  but 
the  sixth  is  311ed  up^  and  has  an  Early 
English  doorway  inserted,  with  the  tooth- 
ornament  and  very  slender  shafts  or  rather 
bowtells.  This  ojK'na  into  a  sacristy  formed 
oat  of  the  eastern  bay  of  the  north  ais>lei, 
and  separated  from  the  reat  of  it  by  a 
solid  wall,  manifestly  ancient,  as  it  had 
an  altar  against  its  west  faee.  In  a  lino 
with  this  wall  is  tbe  eoat-em  support  of 
the  fifth  arch,  which  is  a  Norman  respond. 
To  turn  to  the  south  side,  the  third  arch 
is  segroen tally  pointed,  although  both  its 
piers  are  Norman;  the  fourth  and  fifth 
are  also  pointed,  the  former  being  seg- 
mental, the  latter  of  the  more  usual  form  ; 
and  the  only  remaining  detached  pillar  cor- 
responds in  style,  hut  tbe  eastern  respond 
ia  again  Norman.  Tbe  whole  of  the  arches 
and  thtrir  sofiits  are  profusely  adorned  with 
coloured  decorations,  imitated  from  an- 
cient ones  discovered  on  a  late  removal 
of  whitewash.  On  the  Norman  ones  oc- 
curs a  representation  of  the  chevron. 

The  belfry  arch  corresponds  with  the 
tower  into  which  it  leads.  It  rises  from 
very  heavy  responds  with  round  capitals ; 
there  is  a  contemporary  hibel,  but  a  Nor* 
man  somicironlar  one  over  it.  Against 
the  tower  may  be  traced  tbe  old  pitch  of 
tbe  roof,  another  instance  of  a  Decorated 
clerestory  supplanting  a  high  roof,  llie 
present  covering  of  the  nave  is  modern, 
and  very  poor. 

There  is  no  chancel  arch;  hence  the 
alteration  in  the  roof,  tbe  chancel  having 
an  ill  proportioned  canted  ceiling,  is  very 
nnpleajwnt;  and  tbe  more  so  as^  being 


30O 


Antiquarian  and  lAterary  Intelligeneer. 


[Ort. 


lOfrer  ttmn  tiint  of  tbc  mvc,  the  inter- 
medUU  iptce  u  filled  op  with  boarding. 

The  eitnwirdiiuirjr  pb^nomeiiB  of  ihii 
InUrior  ana  nKpct  probiMj  to  bt  mm^oaA 
to  the  itiieoaiiiKnir  althi^agli,  a*  Baunds 
and  Kingirtlioqxi  have  shown,  not  unique, 
liroces  of  Uking  a  yorti^m  of  the  chjincscl 
into  the  nave;  an  etijcroachment  in  thii 
Cttse  belonging  to  io  earlj  a  period  as  the 
tbiiteenth  o^ nturj.  The  exi»t<*tice  of  the 
rvtpaodfl  at  the  east  end  mi^rbt  at  fint 
light  seem  to  show  that  the  Nonnan  tiave 
extended  as  far  ea«t  a»  the  prcaeut  one. 
Bot  tbe  adjolntpg  wall  in  tbo  wnith  aiste 
exhibits  two  manifestly  external  Norman 
siringn,  whifh  are  cut  through  by  the 
present  arch,  and  which  woold  have  t tood 
equally  in  the  way  of  a  Norman  prcde* 
eassor*  In  like  manner  in  tbe  north  aijde 
tber«  are  remalna  of  an  external  Norman 
corbel -table.  These  fuets  inoantestably 
■bow  thatj  while  tbe  western  part  of  tbe 
present  nave  bad  aisles  during  the  Norman 
period,  tbe  enatem  had  not.  It  follows 
then  that  thia  respond  b  not  in  ita  proper 
place,  nnlesB  indeed  we  could  imagtne  it 
to  have  been  originally  built  in  the  wsU 
for  a  future  aisle,  but  in  this  case  the 
tempomry  exterior  would  hardly  have 
been  so  elaborately  finished  as  the  Norman 
church  seems  to  have  been.  And  when 
we  go  on  to  consider  tbe  irregular  ar> 
rangement  of  the  arches,  and  especially 
that  the  third  arch  on  the  Bunth  side, 
though  ■pringing  from  Norman  pillars,  is 
of  a  width  whieh  it  is  difficult  to  conceive 
spanned  by  an  ordinary  round  arch;  we 
are  driven  to  conclude  that  the  old  pillars 
were  osed  np  as  far  as  they  wonld  go«  and 
when  nccestfry,  removed  from  their  places. 
All  these  circumstances  seem  only  to  bo 
accounted  for  by  tbe  supposition  that* 
when  these  alterations  took  place,  the  old 
chancel,  or  part  of  it,  was  taken  into  the 
nave ;  the  able  lengthened  ^  on  the  north 
Mde  at  letMt,  the  rest  of  the  aisle  walls  * 

^  Thr  «rjuiiom  pofl  of  t)ie  »cruib  iLi»Ie  U,  a« wo  ba*S 
mrrr^,  hitf^ihrtTi  The  re«t*aiiil  it«  we»terEi  boundnry 
T^  '  ri tent  nfihiioilfinal  nave. 

1  r  whf thor  it  ioacaeded  Karly 

r  .-..^.1 >mfiKes  wrregn- 

\\  ttictn. 

^  »otli  aUlc  need 


fvbailt  (as  the  Early  Eaglisli  dooswiyi 
show  no  mark  of  UMcrtionX  tlit  T^mm 
added,  and  the  present  Cbafted  added  «r 

reboHt 

One  diificultj  howercr  rentale^  filikii 
■eema  as  if  no  theory  can  altogotfair  ei- 
pkin  it;  namely  the  appcumnoe  of  te 
sixth  ardi  on  the  nortb  aidc^  vbieb 
have  been  blocked  almost 
For  that  it  must  once  have 
clear  from  tbe  irregnlar  masonry  wtA 
which  it  is  filled  np,  in  one  pari  alkiwuiig 
the  clmmfer  of  the  arch  to  appear^  and 
in  another  oon^^ding  it,  and  also  Irani 
the  way  in  which  the  Nannao  capital  is 
built  Dp. 

The  reason  of  these  changes^  tb#  d0- 
stmction  of  tbe  ordinary  felatkm  be- 
tween tbe  dimensions  of  nave  nod  chaneel. 
seems  difiicult  to  aoconnt  for.  It  is  how* 
ever  possible  that.,  afler  all»  though  the 
architectural  nave  was  prolonged^  tbe  c«- 
clestflsticol  one  was  not ;  the  eastern  por* 
tion  of  the  pilhired  wpmat  probably  re- 
mained the  real  chanoel^  while  the  pro» 
jecting  pait  was  a  presbytery  marked  m 
the  construction.  The  latter  is  decidedly 
too  small  for  tbe  arrangemeota  and  requi- 
sitions of  an  ancient  chaneel,  aiid  the  posi* 
tion  of  the  gacristy  favonrs  the  same  view  ; 
for  it  would  thtis  open  into  the  Chancel^ 
according^  to  the  ordinary  rule,  and  not,  aa 
at  present,  into  tbe  nave.  The  afrmnga- 
ment  of  tbe  church,  as  thus  imagined^ 
would  not  differ  essentially  from  tbe  du 
merous  examples  when  there  is  no  chancel] 
arch,  and  aitles  to  tbe  chancel,  but  not 
extending  to  tbe  east  end.  The  only  dif- 
fereitce  indeed  ia  the  pnrely  accidental 
one  between  tbe  pitch  of  the  roof 
the  prvsbyteiy  and  the  chancel,  owing 
tbe  Bubicqueut  addition  of  a  clerestory 
the  bitter  in  common  with  the  rest  of  llu 
constructive  nave.  The  poor  Perpendi' 
cular  rood-screen  which  fences  ulT  tbe 
present  cbanocl  can  liardly  be  any  dlOU 
culty;  it  may  have  been  moved  at  any 
time,  or  itft  erection  may  have  bean  lh« 
first  dinturbiiucc  of  the  1:^^ieT  arrjingcmenth 

In  the  cUaucel  b  a  very  pretty  Earl; 
KnglisU  double  piscina,  having  its  hvnili 
pierced  with  a  pointed  arch.     RmeketA  a 
the  ends  of  the  aislui  indicabt;  th4^  siltt  uf 


I 


18G1.] 


Jrchesological  Institute,  Peterborough. 


391 


r      witbc 


inferior  alboi^,  and  tlio  nortliem  one  re- 
taina  vestigci  of  the  raised  platforin,  iind 
of  paintings*  In  the  south  aisle  is  a 
piscina  let  into  the  dll  of  the  window  ;  it 
u  of  SI  curious  form,  heing  apparently 
made  out  of  a  Kormon  capita],  which  hoa 
the  Ionic  volute  very  strongly  inftrlcod. 
In  tho  west  cm  part  of  the  same  wall  is  a 
plain  receas  like  an  sinbry.  On  thia  wall 
there  are  also  fragments  of  paintingi  re* 
presenting  a  Nomian  arcade,  one  niembtr 
of  which  is  actually  pierced,  and  forma  a 
receu  near  the  south  doorway. 

The  font  ia  either  Docoratodp  or  has 
undergone  alterations  in  that  style;  hut 
it  ii  very  chimAy  and  ugly,  A  plain  octa- 
gonal bowl  rests  ou  four  rude  shafts  of 
the  same  form,  surrounding  a  contnil  one ; 
they  have  donated  capitak  and  square 
abadf  except  one,  whieli  is  round  and 
without  a  capitttlj  Imt  which  seem  a  to  Uq 

later  patch -work.  This  arrmigemciit 
lly  implies  an  earlier  date,  and  m 
this  casOp  is  probably  a  portion  of  an 
older  font.  "Ilie  ntrck  is  adorned  with 
the  hall-flower,  aud  a  very  large  orna- 
ment of  that  kiinl  ri^ts  on  eiich  of  the 
email  shntlrt,  making  a  sort  of  Rquioeh  to 
the  suhordinote  face«  of  the  bowh  One  of 
thete  ii  left  in  the  block. 

There  is  a  bench-tuhlo  in  each  aisle  j 
among  the  sittings  in  the  nave  are  some 
rude  stidK  which  may  prohahly  occupy 
their  original  phice  according  to  tbe  view 
above  taken  of  the  ancient  arrangenunts 
of  the  Church.  At  the  bottom  of  one  of 
them,  though,  as  it  would  4eem,  not  origi- 
nally cooneoted  with  it,  is  a  beam  can  ed 
with  a  bold  form  of  the  tooth -ornament. 
In  the  present  chancel  are  some  unicb 
BWperinr  stalliJ,  said  to  have  hwn  brought 
fVora  Fotheringhay  on  the  disaolulion  of 
that  college,  and  the  conseriuent  diamant* 
ling  of  the  choir.  We  may  rejoice  that 
any  portion  of  its  fittings  hjna  found  no  ap- 
propriate a  resting-place.  One,  however, 
is  wrongly  placed  at  the  south  side  of  the 
altar,  within  the  rail,  and  looking  west. 

*rime  allowed  of  but  a  very  brief  and 
unsatisfactory  examination  of  the  remain- 
ing churches  of  Cotterstock  and  Ouudle. 

The  once  Collegiate  Church  of  Cutter- 
•tock  preieuis  a  str  king  contrast  to  that 


of  Tansor,  to  which  it  is  in  remarkable 
proximity.  There  Is  a  marked  dlFerence 
in  their  orientation,  aud  a  still  greater  iu 
architecture,  as  Cotterstock  at  once  arrests 
the  eye  by  the  unusual  size  and  magnifl- 
oQuce  of  the  stately  choir,  which  indicutes 
iti  collegiate  rank,  and  is  evidently  hullt 
in  complete  disregard  of  the  humbler  paro- 
chial nave,  Eicept  however  in  size,  it 
does  not  differ  from  an  ordinary  chancel, 
being  without  even  the  addiLion  of  aisles. 
It  is  a  noble  speeimen  of  Decorated  archi- 
tecture, of  three  bay&t  well  fioi^hed  with 
buttresses  and  strings;  each  bay,  with 
one  eicrption^  containing  a  handsome 
tliree-light  window  of  flowing  trucery, 
the  pattern  being  the  same  in  all  five. 

At  Oundh%  which  terminated  the  round, 
the  party  found  that  there  remained  less 
than  flftecn  minutes  to  the  time  when 
the  train  should  start  for  their  return  to 
Peterborough,  and  therefore  most  of  tbeui 
quitted  the  town  with  little  more  than 
A  glance  at  the  intcrL'sting  feat  urea  be- 
longing to  it,  A  small  number,  however, 
of  the  cxcursioniHta  remuintd  behind,  to 
whom  the  Vicar,  the  Rev.  Joshua  Nnssey, 
gave  a  most  hospitable  reception,  which 
he  meant  to  have  extended  to  the  whole 
body  of  the  excursionists.  After  viewing 
the  church,  the  little  party  sut  down  to 
dinner  at  the  V^iearage,  and  afterwards, 
led  by  the  Vicsr,  inspected  tho  National 
Schools,  the  reading-room,  and  the  Hbrary 
of  the  town;  they  alao  viewed  the  tine 
old  hotel,  the  "  Talbot,"  of  the  ^leriod  of 
James  I.,  which  is  snid  to  have  been  built 
out  of  the  stones  of  Fotheringhay, 

*V\i\&  excursion  conelndeil  the  husiueaa  of 
the  day,  as  there  w  as  no  evening  meeting. 

Tus*da^,  Jufif  30.  Tills  was  the  doting 
day  of  the  Congress.  TIjo  forenoon  was 
occupied  with  the  general  meeting  of  the 
members  of  the  Institute,  for  the  reception 
of  tho  annnal  report,  election  of  officers, 
and  other  routine  business ;  and  the  place 
for  the  next  year's  meeting  was  decided 
to  be  Worcester.  The  costomary  vote* 
of  thanks  were  accorded,  aud  the  Coftgress 
was  then  dissolved.  In  the  afternooti 
many  of  the  members  and  visitors  made 
an  excorsiou  to  Brkwortb,  which  does 
not  call  for  report. 


892 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  IntetH^enetr. 


CAMBRIAJf  AECH.SX)LOGICAL  ASSOCIATIOIT. 


Amg.  26  Id  30.  The  fiit«ciitli  innoftl 
meeting  wai  beld  at  gwimea,  uid,  as 
miglrt  be  expected  ttam.  the  dunaetcr  of 
Uie  town  and  the  popQlKtion  of  the  coonty, 
wai  attended  bj  a  greater  Dimiber  of 
merahera  than  haa  been  comunoialj  wit- 
aoaed.  H.  HraBKT  VrriA^.  Esq^  M.P., 
waa  the  Prendeot,  and  L.  L.  DHlwjn,  Esq., 
Iff.P^  waa  the  Chaii-oiaii  of  the  Local 
Conunittee.  The  Bbbop  of  St.  DBvid'i» 
Sir  Stephen  Glytme,  Octaviua  Morgan, 
Eaq.,  ILR,  Mr.  Talbot,  of  Mttgani.  Sir 
Jobn  Harding,  and  mil  the  geottoDen  of 
that  part  of  Glamorganshire  wbo  take  anj 
intercet  in  antiqintieB,  were  preient,  bat 
baodlj  anj  from  the  Cardiff  end  ot  the 
«oan^.  There  wa»  a  good  attendance  of 
membcni  from  other  parts  of  the  Primd- 
palitj  and  from  Engbind;  m  the  Rer.  C 
II.  Hartahome,  Mr.  Preemm,  FrolSeaeor 
Babiogton,  Mr.  Barnwell^  Mr.  Banka^  md 
other  well  kni>wn  antiqnjiriet.  Tbe  ladica 
and  gentlemen  of  Swansea  mnstered  well 
oil  this  oecaiion :  the  weather  was  mag' 
lyftoent,  and  on  the  whole  tbe  cxcnrssons 
went  off  snoendblly;  hot,  as  n  too  oftm 
the  case  with  other  Sodetiea,  more  than 
eonld  be  aatisfactorilj  acoompliahed  was 
pot  down  on  the  program  tne  of  the 
meeting. 

Tbe  prikicipal  oljects  to  be  Tuited  were 
the  great  mbbejs  of  Margam  and  Koath ; 
and  the  little  known  district  of  Gower, 
fdll  of  castles  and  curious  ebun^hes.  The 
time  of  tbe  Ajsociation  was  fxiWy  taken 
Dp  according  to  this  diitribntioD  of  it : — 
Imt  this  left  untoncbed  all  tbe  antiqiiitit^ 
of  tbe  Vale  of  Glamorgan^  soch  ns  Sr. 
DonatX  Llaniwit,  Ewennj,  &c.,  as  well 
aa  all  those  of  the  bill  country,  Modais. 
Atisfpefgwm,  (nlljr  Gacr,  &c.  Even  al- 
lowfag  for  the  Circumstance  of  a  meeting 
of  the  AaiocisUoo  having  been  held  at 
Cnrdiff  not  msnjr  joari  ago,  there  is  tliJl 
rnrim  for  two  more  meetings  in  Glaonor- 
gansbire,— one  at  Cowbridgc  fbr  tbe  Val^ 
the  other  at  Mertbjr  for  the  Hill,  before 
the  ermnt^r  can  be  said  Co  hare  been  even 
ennioril;  eiia mined. 

The  gf«at  objects  actnalljr  aeen  by  mcm- 
6 


bef«  at  tlus  meeting  were  the  two  ahhaja 
(Margam  and  Ncaib)  mcntioiicd  ail 
the  castica  of  OyalermoiiUi^  Wc^bltjr, 
wich,  kc.,  the  small  ditrcltei  of 
and  tbe  British  rcmaioa  on  Cefii  firjftw  te, 

We  may  here  mentioo  thnt  the 
datfon  bad  jadioooslj  pnhlkhed,  Imi 
diatelj  before  the  meeting  took  plaea, 
lint  part  of  a  sopplemeiitafy  vdnaM  i 
taiuing  the   "Snrvejs  of  Gowcr  !n 
times  of  Elizabeth  and  of  CromwelL*' 
had  been  ably  edited  by  Mr.G.G.  F 
one  of  the  loos]  secretariea,  and  wm  mi 
approved  of  by  the  members. 

The  mnseom  of  loal  antiqnitiea  WM 
formed  In  tbe  old  castle  of  Swansea, 
contained  several  interesting  srtides^ 
dpolly  docomentary,  and  was  mnch  viaitedL' 

The  first  meeting  was  held  in  thff 
theatre  of  the  Royal  Instatution,  on  the 
evening  of  Monday,  Angnst  26.  w1 
tbe  President,  Mr.  llnawy  Tivian,  MJ*., 
delivered  an  addre-ss ;  after  which  the 
port  was  read,  which  shewed  thai  ibt 
nnmerica]  and  financial  conditton  of  tll# 
Afaocaation  was  prosperona,  tboogh  •  large 
amoont  of  arrears  had  been  aUowed  lo 
aocfunalate. 

Before  the  meeting  separated,  \It.  Fire- 
man, at  tbe  request  of  tbe  Cbalnnan, 
gmre  an  addrem  on  tbe  architectural  ar- 
rangements of  abbeys  in  gcncmV  ^ith 
Bpt'cial  reference  to  those  of  Margam  and 
Neath,  which  were  to  be  Tinted 
following  day. 


Excunsioir  TO  Mi.no au  ajtb  Nz47S 

Adbet. 

Au^,  27.  The  chnrch  of  Margam,  ad* 
joining  Margam -park,  and  kept  in  ex- 
cellent order  by  Mr.  Talbot,  waa  finl 
viHJted.  Mr.  Freeman,  who  acted  as  dcfrj 
rone,  following  np  his  remarks  of 
evening  before,  dwelt  on  the  pectillar 
rsngcn^ents  observed  in  cburcbtm  whi< 
like  tills,  were  both  monastic  ajjd  par< 
chial.  A  dlvisjon  was  often  made  in  tl 
pj^ion  of  the  monajtertea  which  was  de- 
voted to  divine  wof»hip,  and  it  freqacntjy 
bap]iened  Uiut  a  wall  was  nm  across  what 


1861.] 


Cambrian  Archeeological  J$sociation. 


893 


WM  cmo©  the  cbnrcli,  and  it  was  divided 
into  two  cliurcbeiJ,  the  moiikB  stiU  i-wtain- 
lug  one  portion,  and  the  parish  the  other. 
At  the  Difsolution  that  which  had  heeii 
xt^'A  by  tho  inoDks  was  tuS'ered  to  fall 
into  decfty,  and  in  serenil  c<iBt*s  the  motiiia- 
tio  chtircbn  cotild  now  only  be  found  by 
InidDg:  the  founduliooB  j  to  a  certain  ex- 
tent tViat  WHB  the  case  at  Margam.  With 
regard  to  the  parish  church  in  which  they 
then  itood,  it  was  tolerably  per  feet »  but 
clwnipet  had  taken  place  recently ♦  There 
wu  not  much  doubt  that  the  iibU^y  wiis 
founded  about  tho  year  1130;  but  as  in 
those  dayi  it  took  some  time  to  construct 
an  edifice  of  that  kiud,  another  style  of 
architectaro  was  introduced  before  it  was 
SnUbed,  which  aceountK  for  evir1ence»  of 
the  late  Norman  style  of  the  latter  part 
of  the  twel(\h  centnry  wliich  were  to  be 
fonndi  Tho  mouldings  which  were  to  be 
•ecn  in  vnrioua  part»  of  the  church  shewed 
a  ffreat  tendency  to  tho  Early  English 
ttyle. 

Takings  his  andience  to  the  we«teTO 
dofir  of  the  chnrcb,  Mr.  Freeman  said  that 
the  doorway  had  many  peeuliarities.  It 
did  not  resemble  a  style  generally  fonnd 
in  chnrchea  of  that  deacription.  There 
were  throe  orders  of  shafts;  the  capital 
to  each  sliaft  wus  ditfereiit,  and  they  wt-re 
qoite  different  from  the  t\pe  of  shult 
to  be  fijnnd  in  either  North  or  South 
WaIcs;  in  fact  they  were  more  like  the 
Byzantine  ortler  than  anything  Englifih. 
In  the  three  windows  nbove  were  to  be 
found  the  sa,me  kind  of  narrow  shnf^^.  It 
was  evident  that  there  had  been  at  some 
time  or  other  a  porch  over  the  d(X>rw»y, 
and  the  three  projecting  stone*  Iwl  to  the 
belief  that  there  ha<l  been  a  roof — nothing 
to  do  with  the  porch  roof— but  what  it 
Imd  been  he  could  not  say,  Mr.  Freeman 
liken  condncted  the  visitors  to  the  en- 
tranee  of  the  beautiful  remains  of  the 
cbflpter-himse  and  tho  cloisters,  which 
be  described  aa  having  been  built  in  the 
£ar1y  English  style,  with  a  slight  mixture 
of  Norman.  A  ftne  specimen  of  this  style 
was  in  the  doorway  lending  from  the 
eloisters  to  the  chapter- house,  the  mould- 
ingi  of  which  be  requested  hia  hearers  to 
notloe.  In  pawing  through  that  portion  of 
Gb«t.  Mao,  Vol.  CCXL 


the  ruins  be  directed  particular  attention 
to  what  ho  called  "  substracturea,'*  and 
which  he  explained  as  being  the  vaulted 
supporters  of  the  apurtmeuta  generally 
occupied  by  the  ablxjts,  and  raised  in  that 
manner  from  the  ground  as  a  preservative 
from  decay,  'llic  cUaptor-honae  was  the 
earlicrMt  known  specimen  of  the  polygonal 
form.  Otit^ido  it  had  twelve  sidt-s;  inside 
it  was  cirmlar,  and  it  had  another  pecu- 
liarity— tb  it,  unlike  roost  mDuasterics,  it 
had  no  |mi8ago  to  the  church  itself.  In 
the  cliapt*  r*bouse  they  found  a  very  good 
pieco  of  transitional  work;  lancet  win- 
dows, with  capitals  having  a  g^iod  deal  of 
the  Nontiau  type  about  them.  The  cen- 
tral pillur  which  wm  found  in  the  chapti^r- 
house  was  very  otJd  in  its  characten«tica; 
it  would  l>e  seen  that  the  stone  ro  -f  sprang 
from  that  pillar,  imd  must  have  formed 
a  \(fvy  fine  object,  and  it  was  a  matter  of 
regrut  thtit  it  had  fallen  in  so  receutly  iia 
the  year  1792.  Altogether  the  ehnpter- 
housQ  was  one  of  the  most  interesting 
ohjocta  they  would  viait  that  chiy.  Mr. 
Freeman  then  took  his  audience  to  tho 
ruins  of  what  had  onoe  been  the  Abbey 
Church,  aud  stnnding  on  one  of  the 
ruined  pillars  in  the  open  air,  with  a 
beautiful  velvet  greensward  lieneath  him, 
he  naid  he  had  some  difiiculty  in  making 
them  understand  that  they  were  iuHde 
a  church.  He  was  inclined  to  think  that 
that  portion  of  the  moniMiti*ry  was  built 
sulKcquently  to  the  chapter-house.  They 
would  observe  that  tho  masaive  bnttresaea 
were  quite  worthy  of  attenti  »n.  With 
regard  to  the  ebwr,  he  would  not  attempt 
to  say  whether  it  took  in  the  central 
tower  or  not;  his  impresision  was  that  it 
difb  The  aonthem  transept,  they  would 
observe,  was  nearly  perfeet. 

Having  pointed  out  where  the  south 
transept  was  divided  from  tho  eastern 
ainte,  the  extent  of  the  ea«t<.'ru  portion 
of  the  monastic  church,  nnd  tho  supposed 
situation  of  tho  high  altar,  Mr.  Freeman 
left  the  company  aud  proc«^eded  to  ex- 
plore the  high  ground  surrouuding  Mar* 
gam,  but  rejoined  them  at  Neath  Abbey, 
where  were  also  assembled  a  largo  num- 
ber of  ladiea  and  gentlemen  from  that 
locality  and  Swaiisea,  and  the  whole,  to 
3  B 


391 


ArUiqvttrian  and  Literary  InteUigmcer. 


[Oct 


the  nnmber  of  about  250,  sat  down  to  % 
luiicbfxjn  pro%'kled  by  Mr.  Howel  Owyn^ 
of  DuffVyn-  Before  sqmrfttiiij?,  their  hcwt 
directed  ftttention  to  tbe  falling  state  of 
Neatb  Abbey»  and  C3q)ressed  a  bope  tbut 
the  AMOc^iaiion,  after  this  visit,  would 
ftdopt  sQcb  steps  as  would  lead  to  its 
preservation  aa  far  aa  they  could.  Tbo 
tuggestion  was  warmly  received,  atid  we 
trust  that  Mr.  Gwyn's  appeal  will  not  be 
in  vain. 

The  company  then  proceeded  to  inftpect 
tbe  abbey.  Mr.  FreemaD  stated  that  there 
WBfl  something  about  this  rtiiu  which  con- 
trasted greatly  with  that  of  xMargam,  not 
only  that  Margam  is  well  looki  d  flft<»r, 
while  this  is  left  in  a  disgrncefwl  condition, 
but  they  differed  in  other  respects,  for  at 
Margnm  they  »aw  n  pnrish  and  an  abbey 
churxsh  in  one  building,  the  former  having 
been  cut  off  and  dismantled ,  the  latter 
being  still  in  a  good  state  of  preservation. 
The  Neath  Abbey  belonged  solely  to  the 
monks,  and  consequently  when  tbo  Disao- 
lut'tou  took  place  tbo  whole  of  the  cimrch 
became  ruined,  and  not,  us  at  Margam, 
the  eastern  portion  of  it  only.  This  abbey 
is  very  much  defjieed,  owing  to  some  per- 
sons having  used  it  as  a  sort  of  quanj, 
nnd  when  they  wanted  a  piece  of  stone 
tbey  fetched  away  a  portion  of  the  mould- 
ing. There  was  an  aislo  to  the  cast,  hut 
no  aisle  to  the  west;  the  reason  being 
that  the  western  aisle  was  wanted  to  bo 
divided  into  chapels.  The  period  at  which 
the  church  was  built  appears  to  be  what 
is  called  early  Decorated,  of  tbo  time  of 
Edward  I.  11ie  west  front  seems  to  have 
been  a  very  simple  composition.  Some 
excarations  had  been  made  by  which  there 
wns  discovered  a  tessellated  pavement,  in 
an  excellent  stato  of  preservation. 

At  the  evening  meeting,  where  the 
President  occupied  the  chair,  Mr.  Clark, 
of  Dowlais,  gave  a  summary  of  tbe  visits 
of  the  day,  and  a  general  discusision  took 
place,  in  wliich  the  Lord  Bishop  of  St, 
David^s  took  part.  Mr.  G.  G.  Francis  di* 
rccted  attention  to  tlie  tessellated  pave^ 
irient  at  Neath ;  and  desired  to  draw  the 
notice  of  the  neighbourhood  to  the  ex- 
tremely interesting  early  Norman  Church 


of  St.  Giles,  aitumted  on  the  banks  of  i 
the  river  Keatb,  oontaining  a  perfedj 
Norman  oroh. 

Aii^.  28.      ExCTTBSIOIf  TO  OOWFU. 

The  party  proceeded  acrosi  Fairwood* 
common  by  CiUibion,  and  first  of  all  ex- 
amined a  turaolus  formerly  opened  by  the 
kte  Lady  Mary  Cole,  in  which  an  um  con- 
taining nsbea  bad  been  discovered.     Tbey  i 
next  prooeeded  to  Llanmaddock-down^  on  j 
which  IS  what  is  supposed  to  be  a  British  i 
camp.     Tbe  bulwark  connsts  of  five  rows 
of  earthworks.     It   stands  npon  a  high 
eminence,  commandmg  Carmarthen  buy. 
On  tlte  slope  of  the  hill  towards  Llanellvt  J 
Llandimor  Cajstle  and  Weobley  Ciistle  Rdd| 
to    the    beauty  of  the  lfinds<'ape.     Linn* 
maddoek   Church   and  monuments   won  . 
then  visited  by  the  explorers.     The  nexit  j 
place   visited    was  the    ancient   Nannan.| 
church  of  Cheriton,  a   fine  specimen 
the  style.   The  doorway  of  the  presbytery,  1 
the  double  archway,  and  the  choir  under 
the  tower,  are  object*  of  especial  interest. 

Arriving  at  Weobley  Castle,  Mr,  Octa^ 
vius  Morgan,  M.P.,  gave  an  account  of  tbo  J 
curly  military  architecture  in  tbe  distnctal 
illustrating  his  remarks  by  reference  to' 
tbe  ipecuneus  then  under  notice. 

At  tbe  evening  meeting,  the  Rev*  I 
C.  H,  Hnrtshorne,  who  was  requested  ta  I 
give  an  epitome  of  the  day's  excnrsaofV' 
observed  in  reference  to  Llanmadduck 
Church,  that  it  was  of  rude  workmanship, 
possibly  of  the  time  of  Edward  II.,  or 
later,  but  it  is  impossible  to  judgi»  of  tbe 
date  of  such  buildings,  as  the  work  was 
geuendly  done  by  unskilful  workmen. 
One  TcmarkBhle  feature  inside  the  charchjfl 
WHS  a  square  font  att.ached  to  the  choneeU'V 
arch.  As  to  W^oobUiy  Castle,  be  said  that 
a  more  extensive  search  among  poblio^ 
documents  would,  no  doubt,  throw  aomlj 
relinblo  bgbt  upon  the  question  as  to  wliC 
was  its  bnilder.  Before  dosijig  bis  rvntnj'k 
he  made  a  few  observations  in  reference  \ 
tbe  ancient  bistofy  of  Gower.  Uc  bclievd 
that  the  earliest  possessor  of  Gower  on  i 
cord  was  one  l>e  Brcos,  who  came  over  witH 
the  Conqueror,  and  his  desccndanta  totig 
held  possession  of  it  in  re^^ular  \ 


1861.] 


Cambrian  Archrohgical  Ataoeiatwn. 


393 


WUliam  de  BrooA,  the  tbird  poMesaor, 
wii«  confirmed  in  bis  riglit  to  hold  Gower 
by  King  John.  About  ttiia  time  we  find 
a  very  peculiar  charter  was  gmiiLed  by 
Ktiig  John  to  the  pi  ople  of  Gower,  eoiict- 
iug  that  thoy  ehould  uot  bu  obliged  to  eat 
with  Englishmen.  A  similar  charter  was 
granted  to  Englishmeti,  thdt  they  should 
iitit  be  obliged  to  eat  with  the  people  of 
Goirer.  From  the  time  of  William  De 
BreOfl,  who  wa«  the  first  seigneur,  down 
to  the  year  1229,  we  have  aix  regular  de- 
Boentfi  of  the  borons  of  Gower ;  the  seventh 
in  dcflceut  was  John  De  Breos,  the  eighth 
WU  William  De  Breo«.  There  have  b<?en 
eeiiaiD  inquisitions  touching  Qower,  which, 
if  properly  studied,  would  throw  some 
light  open  iti  biitory.  We  Imve  three 
of  them,  one  in  t!ie  time  of  Edward  L, 
nnother  in  the  thirteenth  ye«r  of  Edward 
II.,  and  imotbur  in  the  twentieth  year  of 
Edward  III.  These  inquisitions  will  also 
throw  light  upon  the  topography  of  the 
country,  especially  as  to  Oystermouth  Cai- 
tie,  the  north 'gate  of  Swansea,  and  Swan- 
•eft  Caitle.  Ue  hoped  that  some  one  would 
make  a  proper  inspection  of  these  docu- 
ments, and  be  was  sure  he  would  he  amply 
repiud  thereby* 

Professor  Babington,  M.A,.  F.R.S., 
F,S,A*,  in  the  absence  of  W.  L.  Banks, 
Esq,  F.S.A.,  f«ad  a  paper  whieh  thitt 
gentlenvaii  bad  prepared  on  the  subject 
of  Broullys  Castle, 

Auff.  29.  The  General  Committee  met 
this  day  at  nine  o'clock  a^rn.,  fur  bueiiness, 
when  it  was  agreed  that  the  mei^tiog  tor 
1B62  'should  he  held  at  Truro,  Cornwall, 
a  placo  abounding  In  Celtic  objects  of 
interest. 

At  twelve  o'clock  a  oonveraaziono  was 
held  at  the  old  hall  of  the  Cattle,  the 
accne  of  the  local  milium,  Mr,  Francis 
gave  some  notices  of  Swansea  Castle,  and 
the  former  arrangement  of  the  interior. 
It  was  stated  that  this  castle  was  erected 
about  1113,  by  Henry  Beanmont,  Earl  of 
Warwick,  and  was  distbgoisbed  for  its 
elegant  open  parapet  of  arches,  of  which 
tliere  are  only  two  other  examples,  namely, 
the  episcopal  palaces  of  Lanpfaoy  and  St. 
David's^  Pembrokeshire.    The  architect  is 


supposed  to  be  Henry  de  Gower,  Dmbop 
of  St*  David's.  Mr,  Francis  believed  the 
open  pnmpet  bud  a  very  practical  use, 
beside  its  ornamental  exterior,  that  use 
being  to  keep  a  good  look -out  on  the 
enemy  without  exposing  the  sentinels  to 
view.  He  also  expressed  an  opinion  that 
this  castlo  woa  visit4Hl  by  Eilward  HI. 
After  an  inspection  of  the  ruins,  the 
members  repaired  to  St.  Mary's  Ch«pch, 
where  they  viewed  the  Herbert  Chapel, 
in  which  is  a  Gothic  tomb,  on  which  re- 
pose the  ofligic«  of  Sir  Matthew  Crudock, 
and  the  Lady  Catheriues  hia  wifo,  who 
was  once  the  widow  of  Perk  in  Warbeck, 
The  altar  tomVi  is  now  in  a  state  of  rapid 
decay,  and  unless  ^mething  is  done  to 
preserve  it,  it  will  soon  lose  those  traces 
of  etaborate  ornamental  embhiiconinentft 
which  rendertnl  it  so  famous.  From  the 
chapel  the  company  refialred  to  the  chan- 
cel, and  inspecti'd  the  rare  picture  of  the 
Virgin  and  tbo  infant  Saviour  by  Sasso- 
ferato,  the  tomb  of  8ir  Hugh  Johnsj  and 
other  objects  of  interefit 

At  2.UQ,  the  members  repaired  to  Sin- 
gleton, where  IL  H,  Vivian,  Enq.,  M,P., 
the  Preaidetit,  bad  invited  them  to  hin- 
cheon.  The  entv-rtainnicnt  provided  was 
on  a  princely  eciile,  and  about  150  partook 
of  the  hospitality  of  the  hon.  member. 

From  Singleton,  the  memhcrs  proceeded 
by  rail  to  Oystermouth  Castle,  the  moafe 
prominent  features  of  which  were  ex* 
plained  by  Mr.  Francis,  This  ts  one  of 
the  most  msjestlc  Norman  fortressca  in 
the  Principality,  and  amply  repaid  Uio 
visit  of  the  Association* 

At  the  evening  meeting,  Mr,  Freeman 
observed  that  every  object  they  had  vi*itcd 
that  day  reminded  the  members  of  the 
Association  that  they  had  derived  the 
greatest  possible  advantogc  from  the  local 
knowledge  and  persevering  labours  of  Mr. 
G.  G,  Francis.  At  Swansea  Castle  they 
found  much  that  w  us  worthy  of  ohserva* 
tion ;  the  principal  room  now  extant  being 
that  in  which  the  teniporary  museum  WM 
placetl,  and  which  uppeared  to  ba?e  been 
appUcil  to  various  purposes.  Some  of  the 
doorways  and  the  parapet  whith  they  had 
all  80  mucb  ftdmirod  led  them  to  bi-lieve 


sw 


jtniiquttrittM  and  LUerary  ImUlBgemur, 


[C 


wu  Uailt  in  Uim  foBrtoenlb  cntvf  fay 
lii»  wfal^iUii  tii  Abp  of  tfcc  dio«^  Hcory 
d»  09»«v  ■■^  *0>»*  dbmaiinii  hid  takm 
pke*  M  to  vbcUiflr  &L  OkTicPi  wmi  tJi* 
Mrkir  fdwtePi  of  tiM  two»  and  m  dk- 
flifSiPV  ft  taMiHoa  i^fe  ftw  IIm  Kofw 
«■«»  W  wJHtbw  it  «nwa  famglliif  imiift- 
liflB  oC  ibe  Di0  Qower  f tjle  bj  wnie  0&b« 
pttaoo.  tW  eburcb  iu^f  bad  been  so 
attend  aoddcfftced  that  it  wm  a  diffifQ^tj 
to  atari  be  a  perioJ,  but  from  tbe  rBmaifiing 
mmAmn  ia  tbe  diorcb  b«  fboold  aa;  tJaat 
it  wai  alw  ereetad  by  Heciry  dc  Gower,  tb« 
«UB«  stjrle  prcrailiog  in  leTeral  cburchei. 
Fi««i  Ibe  ebtircb  Boroe  of  tbem  went  to 
tha  fra^mentarf  remaiiu  of  St*  David^t 
VUm^U^m  wbicb  oooatated  ontj  of  two 
•toriat  of  windotra  In  %  wall  belongliig  to 
tbe  baek  of  a  boue.  It  waa  mere  ooo« 
J*)e(iire  to  mj  azijtbin^  aboat  tbem  at  all» 
bat  tbf-y  anggested  to  blm  tbat  thej  onee 
fanned  part  of  a  builditi^  erected  on  tbe 
aame  prioeiple  of  arrangemmit  aa  wae  to 
be  fonnd  in  Uie  remaina  of  Norman  boa- 
p'ttJila  at  Elj«  Peterboroogb,  Cbicbeater, 
knd  otber  placet.  With  regard  to  Oyvtfer* 
tooutb  Caatle,  be  woald  only  saj  that  it 
«ai  a  bnUdii^  of  quite  anotbeT  deiaip- 
tkti,  and  tbat  tbe  memben  were  nnder 
a  great  obligation  to  Mr,  G.  G.  Fraocie 
fiir  a  treat  that  woold  bare  beim  im|Mie- 
•itile  had  lie  not  talcen  tbe  troebk  be  hiuV 
aud  bis  otilj  bop«d  that  be  would  take 
•ome  it^pe  to  reacoe  Neath  Abbey  from 
deetmction  in  tbe  aame  way.  Oystermoutb 
Cbnrdi  bad  kit  mocb  by  tbe  recent  altera* 
tione^  all  of  which  were  qaite  right  and 
proper  when  the  neceinitiei  of  tbe  pari«h 
required  them,  oa  be  ondentood  they  did 
En  that  ciiie«  and  the  only  matters  of  in- 
temi  to  tlie  arebseologist  were  the  Kor« 
man  ffint^  tlie  taooet  windows,  and  the 
pllUr  plikdria. 

Mr.  IJArtshorne  wa*  not  prepared  to  tup- 
port  Mr.lf'miicia'*  theory  with  r«gard  to 
one  of  the  rooixii  tbej  bad  aeen  in  Oyater* 
in<M!ib  Caatle  being  nted  aa  a  waahing- 
T  tld  only  mjf  that  if  Mr.  Francit 

'  "»ti»t  g^vo  the  ancient  piiii|ile 
ol  i*ov  ro  ckmnlinest  than 

ha  htt-j  htms.     With  rr^gmid 

to  the  dato  of  the  oaatlc^  be  did  not  think 


Ibera  waa  asy  portiaB  klar  tima  tte 
pcriad  of  JEdward  IL.  atnd  be  WW  Indtnad 
to  bdiefve  that  tM  «teal  dO*  wm  wtam 


twenty  yean  caraa;  sj  abool 
Itti.  thai  wooU  be  tbe  13«li  jetf 
of  tbe  NifB  flT  fidwied  1^  and  a  M& 
Mtent  of  tJie  VSK^  jwr  «f  Ikiil  MiMNb 
eoniaued  that  npydm  bjTtftetiag  tote 
eaatle  aa  than  in  oiiitCDeek  He  could  not 
nt  down  witboQi  pnewiUiig  bla  a 
Icdgmanta  to  Mr,  Franeia  fer  having 


Mr.  a.  T.  Clarke  aaid  be  waa  not  in  a 
poaition  to  gire  any  opinhm  with  ragpffd 
to  Swaoaea  Caatle,  tbe  faattlemento  of 
wliich  they  bad  ao  joatly  admired  that 
day.  Looking  at  Oyatermontb  Caaye 
from  every  point  of  view,  it  did  not  ap« 
pear  to  him  that  it  waa  boilt  for  tbe  pmw 
poae  of  defimoe;  at  preaent  it  fanned 
a  ?ery  intereatiog  ornament  to  the  dii* 
trlot.  He  eonld  not  bnt  think  there  wai 
•omething  pecnliar  abont  the  keep,  and 
be  waa  indined  to  aide  with  tboee  wbo 
held  it  to  be  of  Norman  origin.  One  of 
hia  reaaona  Ibr  coming  to  that  conclnakwi 
wa%  that  tbe  period  when  it  waa  bailt 
waa  near  the  true  Norman  period,  aiad» 
again,  there  oonld  not  be  found  a  better 
pbioe  for  a  caatle  in  tUe  whole  neigbbow> 
hood.  It  waa  with  very  great  heritotiOB 
that  he  offered  anything  in  oppoaition  to 
Mr.  Ft&ncia,  but  could  hardly  go  with 
him  ia  hia  theoriea  with  regard  to  the 
mnniment-room  and  nae  of  the  poatem^ 
gate. 

Mr.  Franeia  aaid  he  only  adTanccd  bla 
theoriea  in  order  that  belter  ones  might 
be  aet  np.  He  waa  obliged  to  tboac  gen- 
tlemen  for  the  notice  they  had  been  pleeaed 
to  take  of  Ida  labours,  and  he  oonld  aaanra 
them  that  hia  higbeat  enjoyment  waa  to 
find  that  they  had  given  pleaaure  to  othen 
aa  w«;lt  as  himself. 

Dr.  WiUiama  made  aome  remarka  oa 
tbe  ethnology  of  Gower.     Moat  of  tb 
well  knew  the  tmiUtion  that  the  orig 
ttiliabitanta  of  Gower  tmvolWd  over  trun 
IrlAJidcfi  by  aca  and  tettlcd  in  tt^e  ai)uth*^ 
west  portion  of  UUmorganiibire  and  thai 
nc  ghbourbood  of  Xmby.     Such  waa  th«J 
genendly  roodvcd  etory  of  their  origin. i 


iginalJ 


1861.] 


Cambrian  Archaological  Association. 


397 


Feeltiig  inlcrt'sted  In  the  question,  Ue  re- 
qocBted  Dr.  Liilbum,  the  cclebrutedi  Icxi- 
cogimpberf  *heii  on  n  viait  to  Swaii*efi,  to 
itike  ft  toar  through  Goweri  And  that 
gentltritian,  after  pu^itig  dac  attention  to 
the  l&ngnage  of  tlie  mhabittiivU,  came  to 
the  conclu»ioti  thitt  neitber  in  the  numes 
of  their  rivera,  churches,  mountatna,  nor 
ID  ftuy  nrticles^  did  tlielr  word*  iii  mty  way 
shew  thfit  their  origin  wan  derived  from 
Flunikrs;  that  neither  their  idioms  nor 
notina  anhBtniitivfi  bore  any  analogy  to 
the  Uiigunge  sjxiken  in  Belgium,  nor  did 
anything  that  he  saw  or  heard  give  him 
any  reason  to  ttippo»e  thrit  the  ortgintd 
settlerfi  hnd  piiMt.Hl  across  the  Channel 
from  the  CouLiueut.  He  (l>r.  W.)  had 
Often  been  in  converftation  with  tlie  inha- 
bitants of  the  peniubula,  nnd  be  htid  been 
surpriAed  at  tlte  con6dence  with  wbioh 
muiy  persona  Iiad  contended  for  their 
Flemish  origin.  He  regretted  ext^cdUigly 
that  time  bad  not  enabled  him  to  Liy 
d»iWn  the  grtmnd  on  whieh  liiit  urgnineuta 
wei  e  btisied,  but  ho  tliouglft  he  sboulil  he 
»ble  to  hiy  before  tbem  facta  which  would 
oondnee  tbem  that  he  bud  good  grounds 
iu  couHidir  tl.at  the  Saxon  language  was 
tbd  grouud'Work  of  the  present  languiige 
ff  Gower.  If  ihey  looked  at  the  geogra- 
pliy  of  the  peuiafuhiy  they  would  Hntl  that 
the  line  of  txtaat  waa  parallel  with  the  wes^t 
coast  of  England,  and  that  that  [jandkd 
extended  to  that  part  of  Pembioke^bire 
where  the  Euglii»h  language  was  alao 
Bpoken,  and  he  was  in  a  condition  to  pruvo 
that  the  language  spoken  in  Southern 
Pembroke  and  Gover  was  of  the  same 
origiu  a»  the  language  spoken  by  the  in* 
habitants  on  the  other  aide  of  the  Bristol 
Chaimel.  The  occupation  of  both  sides  of 
the  Channel  by  ono  and  the  same  people 
WAi  tiot  at  ail  an  improbable  hypothesis, 
ftod  If  be  went  into  det^aU  he  should  he 
able  to  strengthen  the  conviction  by  point- 
iitg  oat  tlmt  the  same  words  for  the  names 
of  moonttiLiis,  castles,  trees,  and  so  furth^ 
difiisred  otdy  Id  a  slight  di'gree  from  the 
same  names  in  SomerBetshire  and  Devon> 
shire;  and  although  the  idioms  dilTered, 
the  true  philology  was  the  same,  lie 
lufore  surmised  that  the  ancient  settlers 
ited  on  migratory  principles)  or  were 


driven  to  this  coast  by  a  stormy  wind; 
and  ho  contentlal  that  it  was  utterly  con- 
trary to  tbe  laws  of  ethnology  that  the 
language  spoken  in  GowtT  had  anything 
in  common  with  the  Flemish  tongue. 

Mr.  John  Jenkins  observed  ihat  it  was 
indeed  a  remarkable  luet  that  the  people 
of  Guwer  had  prt-servwl  the  English  Ian- 
giuige  for  the  last  four  or  five  hundred 
y^ars,  hemnn^d  in  as  they  were  from  any 
communication  with  those  who  spoke  the 
same  language*  Supposing  for  an  instant 
that  the  Flemish  theory  was  the  correct 
iiolutjon  to  that  in  teres  ting  phenomenon, 
be  could  not  see  how  the  fikct  of  tbe  Eng- 
lish language  still  prevailing  could  be  ac- 
counted Ibr,  without  some  continually  exist- 
ing cause  for  keeping  it  up.  They  ahoidd 
remember  that  the  very  small  population 
of  Gower  was  snrrouiKled  by  «  lurge  popu- 
lation s|>ea1  ing  tbe  Welsh  tongnie,  nnd  if 
the  Gower  hm gunge  was  really  derived 
from  Flanderit  he  t^houid  have  thou(£ht 
that  in  the  nature  of  tilings  it  w^ould 
either  have  l^eeii  totally  lost,  or  have  pre- 
sented traces  of  intermixture  with  the 
Welsh  language,  —  traces  which  he  be- 
lieved were  not  to  ho  founds  for  it  was  a 
fact  that  the  English  dialect  as  spoken  in 
Gower  was  as  piire  as  the  Lancashire  or 
any  other  dialect  spokeu  in  Enghmd.  He 
treated  as  altuj^ethcr  absurd  the  trAdition 
that  a  colony  of  Fleuiiugs  had  been  sent 
during  the  Norn) an  dynasty  for  the  pur- 
pose of  keeping  the  Welsh  in  check ;  but 
he  also,  to  some  extent,  differed  from 
those  who  sided  with  the  view  ihat  they 
were  deaoended  6rom  the  Norm  on  re* 
taiuers^  because  in  the  present  language 
of  Gower  they  bad  no  evidence  of  eith^ 
Norman  or  Flemish  origin.  He  contended 
tliiit  the  language  was  in  all  iU  broad  out- 
tines  tbe  same  as  that  spoken  at  the  pre- 
sent lime  in  Somersetshire.  After  point- 
ing out  tbe  peculiarity  of  thegeographicftl 
position  of  Gower,  Mr,  Jenkins  went  on 
to  contend  that  from  time  immemorial 
tht're  had  been  a  cnistant  traffic  carried 
on  between  the  people  on  the  opposite 
side  or  the  cbunnel  and  the  Gower  and 
Pembroke  cooAt  for  the  stone  found  on 
this  hitter  coast ;  and  that  when  fiimiliea 
sutlkd,   thuu   tbe    Saiuersetshire   p<?ople 


S98 


Antiquarian  and  Liierary  InielHjeneer. 


fiNwd  H  to  their  int^rcil  to  eatrj  tlie 
ndb  prodoeti  of  tbecr  Hram  wenm  to  tbe 
oevrljf  foonded  colony.  He  had  nuido  a 
gkMry  of  ftboat  one  bimdred  mod  fifty 
Oower  wordi^  md  had  oompaned  them 
with  the  Somenetabire  dialeet^  aad  found 
they  vers  very  eiiJiilAr,  in  aome  oaaei 
exactly  tbe  same.  The  word  '  delv« '  warn 
eooatantly  lued  for  'dig;'  the  pecoltar 
cnbititiition  of  the  Doaiinadv«  for  the 
■ttljective  caie,  aa  'told  we'  Ibr  *told  ns/ 
wai  alwayi  naed  by  a  Oower  maoj  the 
fftill  more  remarkable  use  of  (he  '  t  '  for 
tbe  *  f,'  the  *  f  •  for  the  •  ▼,'  and  •  hold'wi  * 
instead  of  'hold  it,  or  him,'  were  only 
a  few  of  tbe  ainiikritiea  with  the  dialect 
used  in  Somersetehire.  He  thtrcfore  con- 
tended that  tbe  Gower  language  neither 
ori^Dat«d  with  tbe  Fleming  nor  Norman, 
batwaaan  of&booi  from  the  oppoaite  ooast 
of  Somenetahire, 

Hr,  Freeman  thought  that  tbe  only  man 
capable  of  giving  any  decided  opinlcm  on 
tbe  sobject  waa  Dr*  Qucat^  one  of  tbe 
ablest  pbilologiata  of  tbe  preaent  day. 

Mr.  G.  O.  Francis  said  that  Dr.  Gnest 
bad  viaited  Gower  and  pronounoed  againit 
tbe  Flenuah  tmdltion. 

Mr.  Freeman  laid  be  ahonld  not  for  one 
moment  tlimk  of  diapating  Dr.Gnesfa 
opinion,  but  tt  niiut  ncrertbelesa  be  re^ 
membered  that  it  waa  a  matter  of  biatory 
that  there  wan  a  Flemish  colony  in  Gower 
in  the  twelfth  century*  and  besides  that 
there  waa  no  doubt  that  the  ancteot  £ng* 
Hah  langnagv  waa  strongly  allied  to  the 
Flemish. 

Mr.  Moj^'gndge  adopted  tbe  Flemish 
theory,  urging  the  ^m^  that  Matilda, 
tbe  wife  of  William  tbe  Conqueror, 
was  a  Fleming,  aod  that  at  ber  iusti- 
gatioD  tbe  colony  alluded  to  was  brought 
over. 

Mr.  Sttpben*,  of  Uerthyr,  and  other 
uen,  afterwaida  took  part  in  the 
n,  and  the  meeting  did  tiot  break 
Qp  until  a  late  boor. 

Au^,  30.    Sbooitd  Excuvbiqv  to 

GowiE. 

On   til  in,  tlie  but  day  of  tbe  meeting, 

a  further  exploration  of  tbe    pfninsuJa 

of  Gower  was  made.    The  first  halt  took 


plaec  at  Fennaid  Cbureb,  aboot  two  i 
on  the   other    side    of   ParkmllL      Wt 
ediSce  presented  nothing  of  intereat,  aod  j 
tbe  party  proceeded  on  to  tbe  reeeatlj  | 
ex  homed  ehnreb  in  tbe  Femamok  Bucfowa. 
Hr.  Moggridge  now  gare  a  brtof  hialory 
of  its  dlaeofery.    For  many  yeasa,  be  aaid, 
tbcfe  liad  been  a  tradition  onrrent  in  that 
neigbboorbood  that  tbe  old  pariah  daorcb 
of  Penrnaen  waa  buried  in  tbe  eand ;  there 
was  also  docomentary  eridenoe  of  tbe  ex- 
istence of  a  cbcnrb,  but  notwitbstaadiqg 
tbe  most  diligent  searcbea  by  bimadf  and 
otbert,  it  bad  eluded  disoorery  nntil  a  few 
months  since,  when  himself,  Mr.  Robert 
Eaton,  and  the  Rer.  Mr*  James  happening 
to  be  walking  in  that  neigbboorbood,  one 
of  tbtm  picked  np  a  piece  of  glaaa  clooe  to 
the  spot  where  they  were  now  standing. 
Digging  abont  with  their  sticks,  they  came 
againat  a  piece  of  stone,  which  proTed  to 
be  the  top  of  one  of  the  walla^  aitd  th^^y 
gneased  at  onoe  that  they  bad  foond  the 
long-lost  aacred  edifice.    Some  men  were 
immediately  employed,  and  instrncted  to 
work  careAilly,  and  the  remuns  of  the 
church  were  speedily  found.    There  were 
now  dificloeed  to  view  tbe  cbnnrel  and  a 
portion  of  the  body  of  the  choreb,  and 
altbmigb  tbe  bnilding  was  a  smalt  one, 
would  be  seen  that  it  had  all  tbe  oon-l 
oomitante  of  a  place  of  wonbip.  Tbe  win*  j 
dows  were  nearly  perfect,  and  stampedj 
the  style  of  arcbitectnre  which  pre^b 
throughout  the  building  i  tbe  pisdiia,  al*^ 
though  a  rude  one,  was  very  pretty,  and 
bad  been  taken  care  of  in  tbe  Moseam  | 
under  the  altar  waa  tbe  usual  repoaitory 
for  sacred  relics,  and  on  tbe  right -band 
side  was  a  bracket ;    tbe  bracket  on  tbe 
left  side  waa  broken  off  and  was  amo 
tbe  dihrt* ;  there   was  also  sou 
paving.    On  tbe  floor  of  tbe  chancel 
fbund  six  coflins  containing  skcletona,  bat^ 
placed  in  no  sort  of  order.    They  wouli 
ohierve  a  very  nngular  fbct,  namuly,  tha 
tb4i  doorway   leadmg  froca   the   body 
the  cbnreb  to  the  chancel  Imd  evidently 
been  w»11i^  up,  and  the  only  way  in  which 
be  could  nccoant  for  that  was  that  the 
must  have  been  a  plague  in  tbe   netgb* ' 
bourhood,  to  which  tbe  pvreoua  interred 
in  tbe  chaiuel  bad  Cdlon  victims^  and  tbe 


Somersetshire  Arch<2oIogical  Society, 


doorwny  Iiad  been  walled  np  to  prevent 
the  infection  aproidln^;  that  wna  partly 
confirmed  by  an  ultar  being  foimd  on  the 
otbor  side  of  the  dcxirwRy.  Tbem  was 
a  doorway  on  tbe  nortli  side  witb  boles  in 
the  waII,  shi^wlng  tbe  ancient  modo  of 
bftmng  tbe  dfX)r,  It  was  ainipibir  that 
there  was  only  one  window  in  tbe  bo^^ly  of 
the  cburcb»  These  remains  gave  rise  to 
no  diicaBaion,  except  on  tbe  subject  of  the 
sionei  nsed  in  the  bailding ;  several  gen- 
tlenieii  asserted  it  to  be  Bridgend  sand- 
it  one,  but  Mr.  Vivian  thoaght  differently, 
and  said  that  if  there  w^as  any  of  tho 
Bridgend  aamktone  of  such  a  fine  ^\t 
iUU  in  existence  it  ongbt  to  be  well 
known. 

The  party  then  went  on  to  tbe  neigb- 
bouHng  cliffy,  on  which  there  is  a  Danish 
etLmp  ubout  three  hundred  yards  from 
the  exhumed  church,  and  aft«r  inspecting 
it  there  appcRred  to  be  a  division  of 
opinion  as  to  whether  it  was  a  Danish 
camp  or  settlemcntt  or  an  ancient  British 
habitation. 

Close  to  this  was  found  a  cromlech,  the 
cap  of  which  had  slrppcd  off,  but  several 
of  the  supporters  appeared  to  he  hutied 
in  the  sand. 

The  visitors  nest  drove  throngh  the 
grounds  of  Penrice  Castle,  and  paid  a  visit 
to  Oxwich  Chqrch,  wliich  is  built  on  a 
iinall  promontory,  whence  a  beautiful  view 
of  the  haj  and  smromiding  country  was 
obtained.  Tlte  only  objects  of  intercit 
were  a  Norman  font,  and  an  effigy  of  the 
Ibmider  and  bis  wife,  which  fixed  the  date 
of  tbe  ohnrch  id  tbe  middle  of  the  foor- 
teenth  century, 

Oxwieb  Castle  was  the  next  point,  and 
of  quite  a  diiTerent  stamp,  the  castles 
hitherto  visited  belonging  to  the  Norman 
period,  whereas  the  windows  of  Oxwich 
Chistle  bore  ample  evidence  of  the  Tudor 
■tyle.  The  building  itself  wag  very  mas- 
tire,  the  priudpal  tower  six  itories  high. 


After  examining  the  various  parts  of 
the  building,  the  heiuitifully  carvfd  arms 
of  the  Mansel  family  over  on©  of  the  gate- 
ways, and  the  dovecote,  t!io  party  returned 
to  Penrice  CasHe,  where  they  dined. 

Mr.Clark,  of  Dowlais,  was  of  opinion  that 
tho  wall  now  standing  is  the  outer  w*ull 
looking  towards  the  house ;  that  there  was 
A  wall,  now  dtstroyed,  ranning  parnlkl  to 
it,  which  at  one  end  joined  the  keep  and 
at  the  other  a  circular  tower.  In  conse- 
quence of  tbe  stonework  having  Iwen  re- 
moved j  it  wa«  impossible  to  determine  the 
age  satlsikctonly.  Mr.  Havtsbonie  con- 
firmed Mr.  Clark^s  opinion  respecting  tbe 
armngement  of  the  CJistle,  auil  placed  the 
dale  as  nearly  as  could  be,  seeing  the  very 
rude  c-JUAtructiou  of  tbe  building,  at  tbo 
twelfth  century. 

Prom  Penrice  the  party  went  to  Cefii 
Bryn,  on  which  Is  Artisur*8  Sione,  a  table- 
like mass  of  (juartz,  supported  on  four 
uprights.  It  was  origiuiilly  larger,  aud 
supported  by  nine  pieces. 

Mr.  Thomas  Stephens,  of  Mertbyr,  said 
that  this  stone  is  mentioned  in  tiie  Welsh 
Triads,  Maan  KeNi,  as  one  of  the  three 
great  achievemt^nts  of  the  Isle  of  Britain, 
the  two  others  being  those  of  Stonchenge, 
and  Boscawen  in  Cornwall.  The  Tnada 
speak  of  tbe  tradition  that  this  stone  was 
worshipped  by  the  ancient  Dm  ids,  and 
that  King  Arthur,  being  a  good  Christian, 
became  angry  thereat,  and  smote  the  rock 
with  hii  Bword,  so  that  it  fill  in  twain. 
His  miracolans  power  he  ako  exerted  in 
another  manner,  for  he  caused  a  spring  to 
rise  up  undemeatb  the  stone,  whirb  waa 
thence  called  St.  David's  Well. 

Mr.  Freeman,  Mr.  Hartshorne,  and  others 
made  some  remarks  on  the  construction 
and  pnrpofle  of  tbe  stone  and  similar  ob- 
jects elsewhere. 

Arthur's  Stone  was  the  last  object  in* 
spected  by  the  Association,  aud  with  it 
the  excursions  for  tbe  year  ended. 


I 
I 


I 


I 
I 


SOMERSETBHIBE  AECHJEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


^At^,  27,  28,  29.  The  thirteenth  an- 
miAl  meeting  was  held  at  Langport,  under 
the  presidency  of  U.  NKVTtis  Or  12m ilk, 
£ec|,i  and  was  very  numerously  attended. 


jiuj.  27-  Tlie  pruijceedings  were  opened 
at  twelve,  at  the  Town -hall,  when,  alter 
an  addresa  from  the  Chairman,  tbe  report 
wae  read,  from  which  it  appeared   that 


400 


Anitqum^an  and  Literary  IntelRgencer, 


the  Tolutne  of  Procc<Nlin^  would  abortly 
be  issued,  tliat  tbo  number  of  mciubera 
wiLS  fuucb  the  sutiie  n«  laat  jenr,  nnd  that 
the  receipts  exceeded  the  disbursoiDcnts 
by  the  ffum  of  £6  2s.  ^A. 

Mr.  J.  H.  Parker  (of  Oxford)  then  read 
R  paper  on  the  Biahop*!  Palace  at  Wells, 
wbieb  we  hope  to  print  in  oar  next  num- 
ber. Mr.  W,  W.  Mntickton  next  rend  & 
paper  on  the  bistory  of  Langport,  after 
which  the  Kcv.  F.  Warro  innde  some 
ob»ervatio»B  on  tbe  ancient  oiixth works 
annind  the  town  pn-panitory  to  a  vitit 
to  tbtf^m.  He  intimated  his  op'mion  tbut 
eartbworks  hud  been  thrown  up  in  tbe 
Ichcality  by  the  Belgic  invaders,  that  there 
had  oivce  bo<n  a  British  catt1e>8f  ntton  there, 
and  thftt  there  bad  also  btNen  in  very  early 
times  tt  fixed  town  of  residcnet*,  and  pTace 
of  *trength  »t  this  fljiot.  On  the  other  side 
of  tbe  river  the  rising  ground  had  evidently 
been  Bcarjjed  on  all  sides  Into  terraces,  not 
unlike  the  iilopes  of  the  Ghistoubnry  Tor, 
On  tbe  side  where  neces*  from  tbe  marsh 
was  easier,  be  liad  dlmeovered  the  remams 
of  a  Britiah  stone  mnipart,  and  he  be- 
lieved that  it  had  been  a  etntion  in 
IJomano-British  times.  B  e  found  two  or 
three  of  the  flat  atone*  of  the  country 
pi  creed  for  p*'g^  clearly  of  the  Roman 
time  I  and  had  no  doubt  that  these  wer« 
vestiges  of  n  Inrge  and  important  British 
town  of  the  primeval  type. 

Tbe  meeting  then  broke  tip,  and  thd 
greater  nnmlK^r  of  its  members  proceeded 
on  a  pedestrian  tour  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  Langi>orL  Tbe  first  halting  place  wns 
the  Church  of  Huiah  EpiBcopi»  tbe  tower 
of  which  was  the  tln'tne  of  general  admi- 
ration. Mr.  J.  H.  Parker  explmiied  the 
various  mutters  of  inlenat  in  cotineetion 
with  the  huihling.  He  saTd  it  was  a 
church  of  sevend  dntea.  'llje  d<*rway 
was  of  the  time  of  Henry  It.,  bat  the 
outer  door  of  the  porch  w«s  of  tbe  thir- 
t^^enth  century.  The  walls  were  of  the 
foartecntb  century,  and  the  arches  were 
of  the  Fame  date.  The  wind^mH  gciienilly 
were  of  tbe  fonrteenth  century  ;  in  somo 
tbe  tmcery  biul  Iwcn  cut  out,  nnd  the 
fifteenth-century  tracery  put  in,  llio 
chantry  cbapil  nppfared  to  have  been 
llirvwn  out«j\riy  in  tba  fifteenth  century; 
7 


but  in  buildings  of  tbe  Perpend Icnlar 
style  it  was  difficult  ta  fix  precise  dates. 
Accurate  datea  aa  to  this  style  wmdd  b« 
of  the  Qtmost  service,  and  this  waa  tba 
county  of  all  others  to  ascertain  tlMra  ta. 
The  church  towers  of  Somerset  wot*  ma^ 
nlficent,  and  the  tower  of  this  chtirob  waa 
one  of  the  finest  specimens.  Investiga- 
tions of  wills  would  bring  forward  a  g^r^at 
deal  of  incidental  and  interesting  infor- 
mation,  and  would  olten  lead  to  the  fixing 
of  dittes  respecting  tbe  fabrics  of  old 
churches.  Cathedmls  had  a  separaie  and 
certain  frd»ric-fond,  but  parish  churebes 
were  built  in  former  times,  much  as  they 
were  now*,  by  public  suliscription.  It  waa 
a  popular  opinion  that  these  magnificent 
towers  were  built  by  the  monks  in  the 
time  of  Hfury  VIII.,  and  that  tboae  ec- 
clofiiastics^  when  they  fuund  the  money 
nmst  go,  preferred  to  spend  it  for  tbe 
glory  of  God  rather  than  for  tbe  good  of 
tbe  State.  He  was  afraid  that  tbe  idea, 
though  A  |jretty  one,  was  ciUirely  ima« 
giiiary,  inasmuch  as  tbe  naves  and  tmrera 
of  the  churches  never  did  belong  to  the 
nionnsterios.  Tbe  cbanoal  was  left  to  tb<i 
monnstery,  but  the  nave  was  aa  much  I 
st'cular  S9  ecchViastical,  The  nave  wai 
alwms  built  by  the  laity^  and  not  by  the 
clergy ;  and  bo  oonBi'lered  that  these 
beautiful  towers  constituted  a  proof  of  tbe 
wealth  of  the  county  at  tbe  period  of 
their  erection.  Tliey  were  jirobably  raised 
all  ihrongh  tbe  fifteenth  and  down  to  tbo 
middle  of  the  sixteenth  century.  It  waa 
common  to  assume  that  they  were  alt  of 
tbo  time  of  Henry  VU.  and  Henry  VI I!,, 
but  be  smrpectod  that  some  of  them  might 
be  earlier.  The  chancel  windows  of  this 
church  were  nil  of  tbe  flftoenth  centnry. 
He  regretted  tbe  absence  of  Mr,  Freeman^ 
who  knew  Somersetshire  cbnrcb€a  better 
than  any  man  in  England.  Tfaerc  bad 
originally  been  two  chantry  cbapsU  (brai^ 
ing  one  aisle;  nnd  tbe  windows  tbereoj 
were  not  built  at  the  sane  time,  the  Atones 
bt  ing  of  dificrent  quarries*  Tlie  letters 
I.  II.  r.  a.  in  tbe  stained  window  of  tba 
chancel  shewed  that  tbo  Latin  form  of 
the  name  of  our  Savionr  wkh  usihI  insteail 
of  the  Greek,  and  was  not,  in  bts  iTjiinron, 
a  reliable  guide  ai  to  daX^    Aithongb  tba 


I 

i 


I 


I 

I 


ceiling  waa  wbitewashedf  it  was  by  no 
meatig  a  bad  one,  and  seemed  to  be  tbe 
originftL  The  oblique  opening  in  the 
comer  of  the  chancel  wall  was  popularly 
called  A  "squint/'  iind  enabled  persona  in 
the  side  aisle,  or  tmn»ept,  to  see  the  priest 
at  the  nltAT,  and  ulso  assisted  the  voice  in 
a  wonderfnl  way.  Ij^orant  people  blocked 
up  tb«M3  openings,  but  he  waa  pleiiji^^d  to 
■eo  that  the  **  Mjuint"  in  this  church  had 
been  leEt  open.  The  staircase  entrance 
to  the  rood-loft  was  onmmeutod — in  most 
churches  it  was  plain.  After  an  inspec- 
tion of  the  exterior  of  the  church,  Mr, 
Parker  directed  the  attention  of  the  com* 
pany  to  the  tower^  one  of  the  finest  of  iU 
kind  and  type  among  the  beautiful  Somer- 
set tower*.  The  niode  of  filling  up  the 
belfry  windows  with  stonework  instead  of 
boards  was  almost  peculiar  to  this  county, 
and  was  mueh  l<j  be  admired.  The  re- 
cent restoration  of  the  tower  appeared  to 
him  to  have  been  carefully  cxeeiited :  the 
parapet  and  battlements  had  certainly 
been  well  n  stored.  He  should  be  glad  to 
see  iroagcs  restored  to  the  niches;  for 
there  was  no  prolmbility  of  theSr  being 
wonhipped  in  these  days,  and  an  eroply 
mcbe  was  an  unmeaning  thing.  The  pin- 
nacles of  the  centre  buttresses  of  the 
tower  bad  been  cat  offj  hut  be  was  gra- 
tis t-d  to  hear  that  it  was  inttnded  to  re- 
place these  pinnacles.  A  visit  was  made 
to  the  old  ^'icarage-bousej  on  the  opposite 
aide  of  the  road,  to  inspect  old  coats  of 
anna  inserted  in  the  wall :  Mr.  Parker  said 
the  arms  were  those  of  Ilinry  VII.  The 
WJHilhi  of  the  bonse  bad  been  rebuilt,  and 
the  stone  doorsi  windows,  and  arms  re- 
inserted. 

The  Hanglng-chnpel,  now  occupied  as 
a  mueenm  by  Mr.  E.  Qnckett,  brother  of 
the  recently  deceased  Professor,  was  neit 
Yisitcd.  Mr.  Parker  sa.id  it  wtis  mani- 
festly not  a  very  old  building;  and  it 
could  not  have  bceo  a  gi\tewny  or  part  of 
a  fortification,  as  there  was  no  portcullis 
groove^  and  no  guto  hinges.  He  ventured 
toqoestioii  the  iuterpretation  given  by  Mr. 
Mnnckton  of  the  name  **  hanging-cbupel," 
(i.e.  that  some  men  were  executed  there 
by  Jndgo  Je£reiie9»)  inAsmnch  as  he  knew 
.  iimilar  chapels  with  the  same  title. 
Okkt.  Mag.  Vol.  CCXL 


He  expected  that  in  this  case  the  ttory 
was  miide  to  Jit  the  name,  and  not  the 
name  to  fit  the  fact.  Chapels  over  arch- 
ways wereof\en  called ''hanging- chapels." 
Mr.  2^1  u  Tick  ton »  however,  maintaiaed  the 
literal  truth  of  the  story, 

Langport  Church  was  next  inBpceted. 
Mr.  Parker  confiidercd  the  tower  to  be  of 
the  time  of  Henry  Vil.^  and  added  some- 
time after  the  body  of  the  eh  arch  was 
erected.  A  piece  of  sculpture  over  the 
inner  dix>r  of  the  porch  was  very  curiouaj 
representing  the  holy  lamb  inside  a  ring, 
the  ring  being  held  by  two  aiigeU,  and  a 
bishop  standing  on  either  side.  The  clian- 
eel  was  the  richest  and  best  part  of  the 
church ;  the  ceiling  was  particularly  good, 
and  the  richer  part*  as  was  ofleo  the  ca34», 
was  that  over  the  altar.  If  the  old  colour 
of  the  ceiling  were  restored  it  would  be  a 
beantifnl  object,  as  it  was  a  fine  piece  of 
work*  The  whole  chancel  whb  a  fine  spcci- 
men  of  Perponilicular  work  of  the  fifteen  lb 
century,  llie  badge  of  Kichnrd  HI  ,  tha 
Panlett  arms,  and  the  Heron  arms  were 
to  bo  seen  in  the  stained  glass  of  the  east 
chfluetd  w  iudow.  The  glass  wa^  good  Eng- 
lish glass  of  the  period.  English  stained 
w^indowa  had  wore  white  glass  than  the 
windows  of  other  nations,  our  anceatora 
having  had  the  good  sense  to  know  that 
in  this  island  tight  should  not  be  shut  out, 
as  in  the  South.  The  oblique  opening, 
or  *'BM|aint,*'  ia  the  pillar  had  been  letl 
unstopped.  The  ceilings  of  the  nave  had 
been  spoiled. 

Subsequently  the  party  visited  the 
grounds  of  Mr.  Vincent  Stnckey,  and 
Hurd's  Hill,  and  walked  round  fields  out- 
side  the  town,  under  the  guidance  of  the 
Rev.  F.  Warre,  who  pointed  out  what  he 
believed  to  have  been  ear ih works  and 
other  ancient  British  and  Itomoii  remains. 

An  evening  meeting  was  held  in  the 
Town-hall,  when  the  Rev,  T.  Hugo  read 
a  paper  on  Athehitjy,  and  Mr*  WaUer 
Bagehot  one  on  the  Battle  of  Laugport. 
Our  space  res  I  nets  us  to  n  few  extracts 
from  the  former : — 

"  In  the  midst  of  the  enormous  level 
through  which  some  of  the  priucipal  rivers 
of  Somersetshire  find  their  way  to  the  sea 
9  0 


402 


Antiquartan  and  lAierary  InteU'tgeneer, 


[Oct 


is  A  gmall  ou«l  «li|;litly  elevated  point  of 
rbitig^  ground,  wlinne  claitos  to  notice  for 
Uistorifnl  interest  and  for  physical  cha- 
racter would  ficeni,  at  a  first  inspect ioD, 
to  be  jiretty  equally  btilanced.  The  tra- 
*'elleT,  indeed^  would  be  almoit  certain  to 
pass  it  without  remark,  unless  he  hod 
a  companion  to  whom  the  place  was 
known,  or  if  hia  eje  faikd  to  di^tect,  aa  it 
TDigbt  easily  do,  a  small  white  obelisk 
which  crowns  the  Mimmit,  and  tends,  if 
nothinjj  inore>  to  excite  his  curiosity.  Emi- 
nrnce  and  obelisk,  liowever,  have  little  in 
them^lv^  to  nttract  attention,  eve  n  ntnid 
that  monotonous  plain  above  which  they 
scarcely  a]>poar  Ux  rme.  And  yet  there  \a 
hardly  a  phice  in  England  whose  name 
is  more  fatiiou***  or  the  history  of  which 
during^  one  brief  moment  is  more  affec- 
tion!! tely  remembered.   'V\\h  \s  Athclney. 

**Athelney  Abbey  owed  its  founJation 
to  the  piety  of  King  AlfnMl  the  Great; 
and  wa»  erected  as  a  thaiik-oflering  for 
the  se^'urity  which  be  had  ei^oyed  amid 
the  impn&sable  moraases  of  which  tl>at 
place  wift  on  ©very  side  RDrroniided,  and 
for   the    good    snooess  which    ultimalely 

crowned   his   efforts For    the    early 

htstttry  of  the  community  at  Athi-lney, 
wc  huvo  a  most  trustworthy  authority  in 
Asser,  the  kinji^'fl  chaplntn,  and  binhop  of 
Sherburne.  He  had  himself  visited  the 
plfice,  and  his  account  is  singularly  com- 
plete and  interesting.  The  first  head  of 
the  new  imtitution  was  a  celebrated  Ger- 
man  monk,  whom  Alfrinl  had  invited  to 
bis  kin^'dora  in  order  to  conduct  the  dis- 
cipUnc  iind  studies  of  the  «acre<l  schools 
which  he  intended  to  establish.  This  was 
JohUj,  surnamed  Scotus,  the  Old  Saxon, 
and  it  is  probable  that  he  came  from  the 
mtmtistery  of  Cor\*ey.  All  the  authorities 
unite  in  iittributinsf  to  thi«  eminent  person 
the  hightHt  possible  qualities.  The  num- 
ber of  foreign  eechttiniitics,  hotb  priests 
and  deiirouM,  who  hail  been  phiccnl  under 
Abbot  John,  was  not  fiullieient  for  his 
artient  wishe<^,  and  before  long  he  hud  as* 
sembled  a  large  body  of  monk s,  principally 
from  Germany.  Togetlier  with  them  were 
a  number  of  'infantes.'  yonths  of  tender 
age,  as  Reyner  explains  the  word,  tdao 
foreiffners,  who  were  de^stined  afl^Twarda 
for  the  monastic  habit  j  and  among  them 
A^er  telU  us  that  he  saw  a  child  of  pagan 
race — a  I>aD«>,  as  Reyner  suggests— who 
was  by  no  means  inferior  to  his  com- 
paniona." 

The  rev.  author  con  tinned  his  histoiy 
from  ago  to  age  in  groat  detail,  fur  which 
we  must  refer  our  readers  to  the  uixt 
Tolome  of  the  Society  'a  Prooetdings^  whei-e 


"  Athel  ney  AbU^y'^  wifl,  as  we  snppo^  taks 
a  prominent  place.  "We  may  say,  bow- 
ever,  that  among  the  moss  of  new  infc 
mat  ion  presented  were  the  names  of  •' 
number  of  abbots,  included  lor  the  fii 
time  in  the  list  of  tbeae  dignitaries.  \h 
seending  at  last  to  the  era  of  the  supprei* 
sion,  Mr.  Hago  in  bis  aeoount  of  the  lasi 
abbot  read  a  most  cmnoos  letter  (MS, 
Harl,  601)  addressed  to  him  by  Secretary 
Cromwell,  and  revealing  an  amount  of 
dibt  which  might  well  have  alarmed  tho 
superior  of  a  far  wealthier  establiahineiitpl 
He  also  ^ve  an  account  of  the  grievoQi 
charges  to  which  the  Abbey  wais  com' 
mittcd,  in  respect  of  antiaities  for  goc»d 
service  and  other  modea  by  which  money 
was  abstracted,  which  was  nearly  enough 
of  itself  to  account  for  the  poverty  de- 
tailed in  the  letter  just  referred  tOw  At 
length  the  end  came.  The  monks  vrho 
signcMl  tlie  deed  of  surrender  were  Robert 
[Uamlyu],  ablKjt,  liichard  Welles,  prior^ 
John  Athelwyne,  Henry  Aiubros,  Robert 
Edgar,  suh'prior,  John  Jjawreus,  and 
Tliomas  Gcnynges.  Of  these  the  abbol^ 
Robert  E^gar,  and  Thomas  Qenynges^ 
were  in  reecipt  of  pen&ions  in  the  year 
1556.  (Card.  Pole's  Pension  Rook,  scbe* 
dnie  xxix.)  Mr.  Htigo  then  gave  the  par* 
ticnlars  of  the  grant  of  the  Abbey  and 
its  possesions  to  various  noblemen  and 
gentlemen.  After  some  notices  of  mora 
recent  circumstances  cotmected  with  the 
pi  nee,  and  a  detailed  account  of  those 
objects  of  archsDological  interest  which 
have  been  occasionally  found  on  and ; 
about  the  site,  he  concluded  his  norm- 1 
tive  as  follows : — 

"  Such  is  the  history  of  Atholoey  Abbey, 
A  holy  hem^iit,  as  it  would  iqjpt^ftr,  first 
found  a  place  for  contemplation  amid  its 
ahitost  inaccessible  shades.     AltcrwanTs—  j 
and  even  this  is  separated  from  us,  as  1 1 
have  already  remnrked,  by  the  internal  of  1 
juflt   B  thousand  years  —  the  fcene   wai 
ennobled  aa  the  retreat  of  one  of  the  best  J 
and    gre.itei*t  of  his    age  and    country,  J 
Within  the  conrre  of  thi^»  ten  cc^ntarietfj 
it  has  witnessed  most,  if  not  all.  of  ihtjj 
pbiAcs   that    Kngli»h   society   oottld   nuc- } 
ce.Hsivefy    present.      The   l:;  -      "f  a  I 

fugitive,  and    then  snerrh-  ;it»itl 

introduced  a  reli>;ious  comiJiu.iM  , .  >viiich| 
held  it  iiudcr  various  fortuuet  until  th«| 


I 


Someraelghire  Arelwological  Society. 


403 


day  thot  lmmp:ht  drntmetion  alike  to  it 
antl  to  iU  fell  owe,  Siitce  tlien,  hb  it  would 
seem,  it  lias  retreated  fiirtln*r  and  furtlior 
into  the  aolitnde£<  of  its  primeval  stute, 
and  bat  iLSPntned  clniractfristics  €lo§€ly 
approachiDg  those  wtiich  were  notici^able 
hundreds  of  long  years  ago.  At  priMcut, 
notwithiitiiiidiiig  the  proximity  of  the 
great  iron  road  of  our  own  generation,  it 
exlilbita  aa  little  evidence  of  its  former 
possetaton  as  it  did  before  it  was  «o  im* 
tnortali^«d.  At  the  moment  that  I  write 
the  golden  corn  i»  waving  over  it,  and 
bending  to  the  breeze  that  aweepd  shurply 
acroaa  the  iurrotuiding  plain,  the  river 
yet  rolls  slowly  by  its  side,  and  the  chime 
of  that  melodioixe  peal,  which  once  made 
mnsic  far  and  netir,  h  changed  for  the 
inonotoiioua  and  mclHncholy  tinkle  of  the 
distant  sheep -bell,  faint  or  full  as  tbe 
blast  permits.  Sucb  is  tbe  scene  under 
ita  most  pleasant  aspect.  While  on  many 
a  day  in  the  ycftr*»  conrsc,  when  antumn 
harvests  have  been  gathered  and  winter 
rains  have  come,  its  appearance  is  still 
nenrer  to  its  original  character;  and  ilB 
old  en  tenants,  were  thiy  to  revisit  itj 
might  |)oiut  to  the  dreary  loneliness  of 
its  present  state  ns  an  inj^tance  of  the 
trnth  of  the  declaration  that  •  the  thing 
thnt  hntb  been,  it  is  that  which  shall  Iw?  i* 
that  *  there  ia  nothing  whereof  it  may  be 
said  it  is  new.  It  hatb  been  already  of 
old  tiiao  that  watt  before  ua/  '* 


Aug,  28.  ExcuttsiON  TO  Muchelney 
Abdet,  &c 

The  members  left  Langport  at  ten 
o*clock,  in  a  cavalcade  of  up  n^arda  of  twenty 
carringaif  on  nn  excarsion  to  Mnebel  ney, 
Kingsbury  Episcopi,  Mttrt<x?k,  South 
Fetharionf  Shepton  Beau  champ,  Barring- 
tcm*  Burroughs  Mambridge,  and  Carry 
RiveL 

Muchelney  Abbey,  a  Benedjctine  house 
dedicated  to  SS.  Peter  and  Paul,  and 
foondad  by  King  Athektane,  Alfred's 
graadsoiD,  is  distant  about  a  mile  from 
Langl^rt.  There  is  but  little  left  of  the 
conventual  boildingn,  but  of  the  domestic 
apartments  mach  remains  that  is  inte? est- 
hig.  The  abbot's  chamber  is  n  charming 
rooia,  with  a  brood,  handsome,  two-light 
trnnsoiDed  window,  the  traceried  beoda  of 
which  are  filled  with  the  old  poiiited 
glass;  •  richly-scniptnred  star  mantel* 
jMeofli  of  geometrical  design,  further  en» 
riched  with  bold  try  and  vine^eaf  bauds, 


and,  above  all,  the  grim  lions  conchant, 
forming  capitals  to  the  proionged  shafts; 
a  piece  of  dark  oak  wainscoting,  enriched 
with  finisls  and  delicabe  fret-work.  A 
wide  stono  staircase  leada  to  this  very 
elegant  apartment.  The  solar,  or  lord's 
bed-chnmber,  with  the  parlour,  kitchen, 
and  cellars,  yet  exist,  ns  ako  the  remains 
of  a  beautiful  cloister,  shewing  an  exter- 
nal buttretwcd  wall,  highly  etiricbed  with 
panelling  of  tho  fifteenth  century.  The 
purisih  church  ia  remarkable  for  a  fine  and 
uniwmdly  large  canopied  atonp,  two  ex- 
(|uiiiite  gahle  erosses,  one  of  whkh  bears  a 
sculptured  crucifix,  and  a  handsonio  high 
founder's  tornh,  ornamented  with  panelling 
of  the  fourteenth  century.  These  interest- 
ing detsils  are  to  be  engraved  for  the 
8ocicty*8  yearly  volume.  The  old  Vicarage, 
a  lowly  pictnresque  building,  was  next 
visited.  It  p^i^seases  two  flue  doorways 
of  the  fourteenth  century,  witli  nire  iron^ 
work ;  a  small  but  complete  hall,  aolar» 
parlour,  and  kitchen.  Although  so  small 
a  building,  it  embodies  all  tho  features  of 
a  more  lordly  bouse.  A  village  cross, 
standing  amidst  magni^cent  elujs^  fonus, 
with  the  Abbey  Church  tower,  and  chis- 
tcring  cottngea  and  their  pretty  tlower- 
gardeufl,  a  most  pleasing  pietnre  of  an  old 
£nglibh  village. 

Hence  the  pnrty  proceeded  to  Kings- 
bury Episcopi  Church,  which  is  chietly  re- 
miirkable  for  its  beautiful  PeqH?ndicular 
tower  of  fifteenth 'Century  ilate.  The  Vi- 
cjirnge,  on  tho  south  side,  is  a  pretty  little 
lioiisc  of  the  ftftaenth  century,  inliabitcd 
by  a  son  of  the  poet  Sonthey. 

The  handsome  vilkge  of  Msrtoek  was 
next  reached,  whose  great  dmrch  was  the 
theme  of  gem'ral  admiratioti.  It  has  been 
recently  restored  under  th©  able  hands  of 
Mr,  Ferrey  in  a  very  satisfactory  matmer, 
and  only  requires  more  colour  to  make  it 
harmonious.  The  manor  house  hard  fry 
is  of  the  fourteenth  century,  with  a  flue 
timber  roof  to  the  great  hall,  which  is 
lighted  with  fonr  ciuquefoiled  ho^jded 
windows  of  graeefol  design.  The  minstrels* 
gallery  la  boarded  off  |  the  solar,  park>ur» 
kitchen,  and  cellars  remain. 

South  Petherton  was  next  risited^  where 
is  to  be  Men  uoi  ouly  a  stately  cmcifonn 


404 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  TnieUiffencer. 


[Oct. 


cliarcH  with  octRgonal  tower,  and  mwr-^ 
vdloQjily -beaut  tful  hood^  cbancol  win* 
dows  of  early  fourteenth  centary  date,  but 
one  of  the  most  picturesque  of  oH  the  So- 
meraetebire  sp^cinicna  of  domestic  architec- 
ture. This  bo  use,  commonly  called  "  King 
Infl*«  PftlaoD,"  was  bailt  by  the  Daubctioy 
fiiinily,  (who  held  the  maDor  iu  Henry  the 
Third's  reign^)  and  in  graced  with  a  noble 
buy  window,  that  ligbta  the  parlour  and 
fit  ate  bedroom:  *  fine  hall,  screened  off 
from  the  chief  entrance*  retains  its  ori- 
ginal open  timber  roof,  and  is  lighted  by 
two  elegant  Decorated  windows  on  one 
ride,  and  two  nearly  us  excellent  Fcrpen- 
dicQlor  windows  on  the  opi>osite  eide.  The 
minatrelf'  gallery  ia  lighted  by  a  window 
looking  itito  the  courtyard.  The  fiolar 
seems  to  he  an  addition  as  late  as  Elijca* 
beth*9  reign. 

After  an  interval  for  refreshment,  the 
cnrringea  were  put  in  order  for  Shepton 
Btaucl)amp.  In  the  church  there  are 
architect  oral  features  of  four  successive 
centuries  ^commencing  at  the  twelfth 
century.  A  pleasant  drive  sooti  brought 
the  tourists  within  sight  of  the  stut^^ly 
pile  of  Tudor  Barrington — u  fine  gabled 
CtJiirt -house,  temp.  Hen.  VIIL,  with  twist- 
ed chimneys  and  pintiachsj  staTidtDg  in  a 
spacious  park*  The  interior  is  Httle 
more  than  a  mere  shell,  the  grent  dining 
and  drawing-roomd  are  now  converted 
into  lumber-rooms,  and  the  house  gene- 
mlly,  in  all  its  interior  arrangements,  has 
been  enttrt-ly  modtrnizcd,  and,  therefore, 
spoiled.  The  church  is  another  exunaple 
of  the  older  Somersetshire  cruciform  typo, 
with  central  octagon  ;  and  was  pronounced 
by  Mr.  Parker  to  be  a  "genuine  little 
church  of  the  time  of  King  Henry  III." 
The  last  place  visited  was  Curry  Rlvel 
Church,  in  which  Mr,  Mimckton  read  a 
short  paper,  to  which  Mr.  Purkar  ap- 
pendiMl  a  few  remarks.  The  ocmgnifieent 
Perpendicular  t ransomed  windows  of  this 
cbnrcb,  with  their  pierced  quntrcfoils  at 
ibe  fpnndrels,  the  very  beautiful  Early 
Englinh  wrvrk  of  whidow  and  tomb  in  the 
tlumtry  chajKJl,  the  remains  of  the  great 
rood-ftcpcen,  *o  richly  carved,  and  the  otik 
itnlbf  and  bcncbot  snrmounted  with  Onm^ 
wcro  mach  Admired    The  tower  of  thia 


church  is  being  rebuilt  iiDd<>r  the  rapcir- 
vision  of  Mr.  Giles,  In  the  rhur<?hyard 
were  the  remaiiia  of  a  beantlfal  church* 
yard  cross,  to  wbioh  Mr.  Clarke  culled  the 
attention  of  the  vlHitors,  and  which  shoiihl 
bo  carefully  preserved,  as  so  very  few 
perfect  examples  are  in  existcnoc  in  Eng- 
land* There  are,  however,  two  or  three 
6necrossGa  left  unmutihited  in  the  county, 
the  finest  and  most  perfect  of  which  ^ 
that  at  Stringston^  and  that  is  indeed  i 
magnificent  one, 

A  convcnazione  was  held  at  the  Town- 
hall,  LatigpcJi't,  in  the  evening,  the  chief 
feature  of  which  waa  a  paper  on  Mo- 
nnchism,  rend  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hvgo^ 
which  gave  rise  to  an  animated  disnwoo, 
in  which  the  President,  Mr.  Parktr,  and 
Mr.  Dickinson  took  a  prominent  part. 

Auff,  29.  ExcuBSioy  to  PiunsY,  twb 
Hiirs,  Ac 
Another  excur^on  was  formed,  and  tho 
company  proceeded,  in  a  train  of  npwTirds 
of  thirty  (arriages,  to  Pitney,  for  the  pur- 
pose  of  inspecting  the  newly -discovered 
tessellated  pavements  of  a  Roman  vilhl 
of  considerable  importance.  The  parish 
church,  however,  wn*  locked  np.  and  the 
members  of  the  Society  w^erc  thereforo 
obliged  to  satisfy  themselves  with  inspect- 
ing the  erterior.  Mr.  Parker  described 
tlie  stroctnre  as  having  been  erected  about 
the  end  of  the  fourteenth  century.  Look* 
ing  in  through  the  windows,  he  could  not 
notice  anything  specially  Interesting,  and 
the  only  reason  he  could  conceive  for 
tlieir  being  excluded  from  the  interior  was 
that  those  who  oogbt  to  take  care  of  the 
church  were  ashamed  of  the  state  in  which 
it  was  left.  Hence  the  company  pro- 
ceeded to  a  field  in  the  occuxjation  of 
Hr.  Cbaisbera,  where  the  foundation  of 
what  ieoiccd  to  bo  a  llomnn  wall  had  been 
brought  to  light,  ami  a  quantity  of  pot- 
tery, Roman  and  Romano-Hritisb,  had 
been  dog  np,  together  with  two  or  three 
pieces  of  Samtin  ware.  Here,  also,  were 
found  some  of  the  Inrge  heavy  tiles,  with 
the  nails  in  thera  by  wbicli  they  had  he<*n 
made  fHst.  This  neighbourliood,  coni<  i 
mandiitg  •  most  estenaivc  and  roaguificcnt 
view,  would  floetn  to  bavo  boiit  thickly 


I 


WIT] 

f  popiiliitcd  daring  the  time  of  the  Roman 
occut^ation,  aa  in  almost  every  field  fmg- 
tiiEQtfi  of  pottery  und  ttSMerat  mto  being 
cont'iDnally  ploughed  up. 

The  exetiniioiiiita  next  proceeded  to  the 
Bite  of  the  RomiLU  villa  explored  hy  Mr. 
Hasell  many  years  ago,  where  the  Rev, 
W.  A.  Jonca,  in  conjunction  with  the  local 
BOcretnries,  had,  on  exeiivntlon,  brought  to 
I  light  a  beautirul  te^dclkted  floor  not  pro- 
■  vSooftly  C3cplore<L  Here  Mr.  Jones  gave 
I  ft  brief  iketch  of  the  firningefnefnts  of  the 
Roman  vUhui,  and  the  detuili  of  that  one 
in  particular,  the  pavemen'8  of  which  had 
bi»en  Uid  open.  The  elaborate  and  costly 
omnmentatian  which  everywhere  prevailed 
in  these  Kotnau  villas  wn»  nferred  to  at 
ft  Mire  evidence  of  the  quiet  uud  pt'flceftd 
pQusesflion  which  the  RoiiMms  enjoyed  in 
this  country.  It  was  not  to  bo  supposed 
that  any  people  would  have  laid  down  Rueh 
elftbomte  tcmellated  pavementa  as  that 
now  before  theni,  if  they  knew  tbey  were 
liable  to  be  diitttirbed  in  the  enjoyment  of 
tbem.  Mr.Jonea  also  noticed  the  hypo* 
tbesis  advanced  by  the  lute  Sir  lii^C. 
HoBre,  that  this  villa  was  occupied  by 
some  nian  of  eminence  connected  with  the 
mining  works  on  Mcndip.  This  he  did 
not  consider  at  all  pmbithlo.  '^tlie  dtn- 
tance  wua  too  great,  and  the  explanation 
of  the  fignrea  delineated  in  the  puveujent, 
on  which  the  hypothesis  was  bu«iH],  was 
described  as  altogether  fanciCul  and  un* 
tenable.  Mr.  Jones  also  referred  to  the 
IVftgnients  of  Ham-hill  stone  and  other 
tbings  which  htid  evidently  been  burnt, 
sa  a  proof  that  the  villas  had  been  de- 
•troyed  by  fire,  probably  during  the  time 
of  the  8ason  invasion.  For  more  than 
one  hundred  years  this  l«x*ality  bad  been 
the  Itattle-field  of  the  lioniano«BHtons, 
who  woreChnstians,  and  the  p»gan  Saxoni. 
During  that  time  pmaibly  every  vestige 
of  Boman  dviliKation  wai  deatroyed.  Be- 
fyn  leaving  tbe  Pitney  pavetneiit,  a  vote 
of  tlianks  was  earned  by  acelamation  to 
Mr.  Fry,  of  CJmry  Rivel,  for  tbe  seal  and 
energy  with  which  he  had  directed  and 
saperintctided  tbe  excavntions. 

The  next  point  was  Low  ICanj  Qjapel, 
a  tpeciinen  of  debased  architecture  of  the 
aevcnteenth  centnTyj  and  attached  to  the 


Somersetshire  Arch(tological  Society. 


405 


great  manor-house  of  the  Sta wells,  n  once 
powerful  crjuiity  family.  This  building  ia 
rendered  intertsting  on  account  of  ita 
being  in  one  sens^*  a  copy  of  a  meditcval 
churcb.  It  i»  an  instance  of  the  attempt 
made  early  In  the  Te\gn  of  Charlea  I.  to 
revive  the  architecture  of  the  middle  ages. 
It  was,  in  fact,  a  page  in  the  history  of 
tbli  conntry,  indicating  the  tendency  of 
the  High-Church  and  Royalist  party, 'as 
contrasted  with  the  opposite  leaning  of  the 
Piiritan  clement  lu  the  national  Church  at 
that  time»  Without  the  knowledge  which 
local  history  supplied,  tbe  date  which  the 
arcliltectnre  would  have  Bugge^-ted  would 
have  antedated  the  clmrcb  some  centurica, 
Tlicrc  is  rather  a  sui,'ge»tive  featore,  bow- 
ever,  relating  to  it,  and  that  is,  tbe  adop- 
tion of  the  royal  armB  over  the  cliancel 
screen,  instead  of  the  holy -rood  which,  ia 
ejirlier  times,  would  have  sarinounted  it, 
Mr.  Prankard  here  read  an  elaborate  de- 
scription of  the  funeral  procession  of  Lord 
Stttwell,  who  had  died  in  that  pariah,  and 
was  buried  at  Cothelatone.  Here,  also, 
ftUutiion  was  made  to  the  attempt  made 
by  Lord  Stawell  to  build  a  sumptuous 
mansion  in  this  place,  where  now  hardly 
anything  more  than  hare  walls  and  mounds 
of  rubbish  remain.  He  Is  said  to  have 
declared  that  as  he  had  the  most  beautiful 
hon^e  and  tbe  most  1]«antiful  wife  in  the 
world,  he  would  alw  build  there  the  most 
beautiful  house  in  the  world.  At  High 
Ham  the  church  has  a  rood-screen,  oaken 
benches,  and  carved  roc*f.  It  was  built  in 
1176,  and  the  fine  rood-lofl,  with  the 
staircase  leading  to  it,  is  left  perfect  and 
entire.  The  tower,  however,  msemed  to 
belong  to  an  earlier  church. 

From  this  spot  the  party  explored  the 
Gypsum  Quarries,  and  enjoyed  the  glorious 
expanse  of  Boenery  which  lay  before  them. 
A  steep  descent  down  Beer-bill  bronght 
them  into  tbe  alluvial  flat,  where  the 
cbnrch  of  Otbery,  lately  restored,  mainly 
at  tbe  expense  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Shepton, 
cjccited  much  interest  and  admiration.  At 
Otbery,  Mr.  Parker  entered  Into  a  discri- 
mination of  tbe  hagioscniMs  and  tbe  lych* 
nosoope*  of  both  of  whicli  this  church 
presents  beautiful  and  striking  examples* 
Of  the  hitter,  indeed,  Mr,  l\irker  thought 


4^6 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Iniellrt/eneer, 


this,  cfanrch  bad  on  notqno  specimen,  m- 
asmuch  as  a  perforation  was  made  m  a 
buttress  outride  to  complete  the  opi^ning. 
There  were  many  thcoriea  advanced,  all 
of  which  were  open  more  or  less  to  objec- 
tion* The  one  Mr.  Parker  thought  moat 
probftbJo  wns,  that  tbew  openinga  were 
designed  to  enable  the  offlctatitig  priest 
to  give  the  wafer  at  the  end  of  a  cleft 
fitick  to  lep<nra  and  others  who  might  not 
enter  the  sacred  building.  The  Saxon 
liamlet  of  Aller,  the  scene  of  Giitbrau's 
baptism  after  bia  defuat  by  Alfrcdj  when 
that  monarch  stood  sponsor  at  the  font, 
was  next  arrived  at ;  passing  on  the  way 
Atbeliiey,  where,  m  before  observed,  very 
little  indeed  rematns  to  repay  examination. 
The  cbareb  of  Allcr,  which  is  now  under- 
going an  extensive  repnir,  was  visited ;  it 
poBBe«ses  some   few  features  of  interest. 


Tlie  ancient  font»  some  time  flgf>  dug  i 
of  a  pond  in  the  vicarage  garden,  birlioftiCj 
by  f^me  to  be  the  identical  foms  sactr  of] 
the  grim  Xortliman's  baptism,  w«iS  tbonghll 
by  Mr,  I'arker  to  be  early  Kornmn ;  tbef«  f 
were  those,  however,  in  the  party  whdl 
strongly  maintained  that  there  was  no*  I 
thing  in  its  character  to  prevent  ifa  being  1 
regarded  as  Saxon,  It  still  remains  to  i 
the  vicarage  garden,  but  will,  under  the  ' 
careful  superintendence  of  Mr.  Norton, 
who  is  rcnovatiug  the  Ghnrch»  be  roitored 
to  its  original  position. 

At  Aller  the  proceedings  were  bitonght 
to  a  clem  by  the  adoption  of  cordial  voU* 
of  thanks  to  the  President  and  other  offleeri 
of  the  Society,  as  also  to  Mr.  PurkiTj 
whose  remarks  on  the  variouft  tniiUiings 
visited  had  grently  contributed  to  the 
success  of  the  meeting. 


SUEEEY  AllCn^OLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


Amguii  6.  The  eighth  an  nun  I  meeting 
was  held  at  Loseley,  near  Guildford,  under 
the  presidency  of  J  AM£S  Mobe  MoLTiTEirx, 
Esq.,  F.S.A. 

The  proceedings  commenced  at  Guild- 
ford, where  the  members  and  their  friends 
asst^nihUxl  at  half- pant  eleven  o'clock  to 
inspect  the  monuments  of  the  families  of 
More  and  Molyncux  preserved  in  the 
Loeelcy  Chape\  whicli  is  attached  to  the 
church  of  St-Nicliohis  in  that  town ;  these 
monuments  were  described  by  W.  H.  Hart, 
Esq.,  F.S.A. :  after  which  the  compnny 
proceeded  to  view  the  picturesque  ruins 
of  the  chapel  which  crowns  the  summit 
of  St.  Catherine'S'hill,  and  on  which  some 
descriptive  observations  were  made  by 
H.  W.  Sajte,  Esq. 

Loseley  was  next  visited,  where,  after 
the  company  bad  pnrbiken  of  luncheon 
provided  by  the  President  in  the  flower- 
garden,  the  buj*ine«s  of  the  Society  was 
transacted  in  the  great  hall  of  the 
mousion. 

The  Council  in  their  report  stated  that 
tbo  number  of  members  was  555,  of  whom 
1<»  bad  joined  during  the  present  year. 
The  fluaticial  state  of  the  Society  al«o  was 
■atbfactory. 

*'In   tbo  month  of  Angnst  last  yoiu' 


Council  eoQsidere<l  it  desirable  ta 
a  project  formed  for  the  cstablisbm* 
monthly  evening  meetings,  in  counecHim 
W^  this  and  the  London  and  Middle- 
a«r  Archaxdogicjd  Societies,  feeling  that 
although  many  members  resided  too  far 
from  London  to  avail  themsc^lvcn  of  them, 
still  a  large  number  residing  in  or  near 
London  and  Sonthwark  might  lie  able  to 
do  m,  TIh>  result,  they  are  happy  to  find, 
justifies  their  decision.  From  September 
to  December  upward.<i  of  forty  tncuibcrs  of 
the  Surrey  fSocuety  joined  the  movement, 
and  the  number  has  continued  steadily  to 
increase  to  the  present  time. 

"  Your  Council  feel  it  necessary  to  add 
that  they  have  not  the  slightest  wish  or 
intention  of  uniting  with  thi  HetrtipoU- 
tan  Society  for  any  other  than  the  above 
purpose. 

**  The  first  evening  meeting  was  held  on 
the  18th  of  September,  since  which  they 
have  been  held  regularly  on  the  evening 
of  the  third  Tuesday  in  each  month.  At 
tbeae  meetings  papers  of  great  intereet 
huve  Iven  read  both  by  members  of  tbo 
Council  of  the  Society  os  well  as  of  tho 
gcnend  btidy. 

"  Re|Kjrts  of  tbe«c  meetings  have  ap- 
pe^irod  in  the  Gkntlemak's  Maga^ims 
and  other  periodicals,  and  si'vcral  mem- 
bers ha^e  joined  the  Society  for  the  p\ir» 
pose  of  becoming  members  of  the  evening 
meetings. 

"At  the  preliminary  meetings  of  tb« 
Council,  dUfC  cojisidetatiQii  wm  given  to 


I 

I 


-i#^^^ 


18G1.] 


Surrey  Archnological  Socitty. 


407 


I 


\ 


I 


tb©  probftWe  working  expense*  of  tlicso 
tueeting^t  ftwd  tlio  yciirly  subscription  for 
uieinbcTB  was  fixec!  at  5s,  each,  andarrnng^e- 
ni«  itts  QKidefor  tliBtale  ofvinitor*'  titkctg, 
lit  the  rate  of  58.  per  duzon,  in  pjickeU  of 
not  less  than  six. 

"  Qu  ih©  resignntion  of  Mr.  Cox,  na  tlie 
lloii.  8ec.  of  the  evening  mwtings,  a 
niomLor  of  onr  Conncil,  Mr.  W.  II,  Hart, 
F,SJV,,  was  utwitiimoiwly  iipp'»inte<l  Di- 
rector. ai<d  Mr,  J.  E,  Price,  Hon,  St'c* 

"  The  new  part  of  the  Trangai'tiana  is 
now  in  the  prcaa,  and  your  Comicil  hope 
that  before  the  end  of  OctoWr  it  will  bo 
in  the  hmidft  of  the  meinberi." 

The  rpports  of  the  Council  and  Auditori 
hRving'  been  adopted^  and  the  President, 
Mce-l^esidcntStOnd  offioert  for  tbeensniiig 
year  hiiving  been  dected^  the  chairman 
called  upon  John  Evans,  Esq.,  F,S,A.,  to 
make  a  few  observations  upon  flint  imple- 
ments from  the  drift  foaud  in  the  netgh* 
bonrhood. 

Mr.  Kvans  tnid  ho  shonld  oonf!ne  hia 
remarks  to  the  iwint.  which  he  would 
state  as  briefly  aa  poaaiblo,  and  he  thought 
the  best  course  to  ptiTBUO  would  be  to 
divide  his  HuhjWt  into  two  parta.  The 
first  of  these  would  be  to  consider  whether 
tlie  implements  on  the  table  before  them 
were  implementa  at  all,  as  some  doubts 
hud  been  expressed  on  that  pointp  and 
what  thetr  application  had  been  j  and  next 
under  what  ctrctimstancet  they  had  been 
fonitd^  and  the  period  to  which  they  pro* 
bably  Wlonged.  With  regard  to  their 
buing  intplementj$,  be  thought  those  who 
saw  them  in  the  manner  in  which  they 
were  placed  upon  the  table  could  feel  no 
donbt  whatever.  It  was  well  known  that 
among  till  barbarous  nationn.  wherever  flint 
had  been  found,  it  hud  been  used  by  the 
barbarian  natives  ««  implement*,  such  aa 
knives,  arrow  and  spear -heiiils,  iind  even 
larger  instraments.  This  circumstance 
w.«a  observed  in  all  ages  and  nations  be- 
fore the  ose  of  metal  became  known*  The 
implements  generally  nied  diflbred  in 
many  respect«  from  those  on  the  table, 
but  at  the  same  time  the  Utter  ■erved  to 
illustrmto  the  weapons  u»tunlly  made  of 
flint,  Mr.  Evans  then  tiKik  one  uf  the 
cctta  in  his  band  and  deseribed  the  manner 
in  which  it  must  have  becu  reduced  to  ita 
present  sbiipi^  vix„  by  foroe^  uid  not  mere 


physical  action.  Some  of  the  implementa 
could  not  have  been  held  in  the  hand,  hut 
must  have  been  attached  to  a  pole  or 
handle.  They  were  divided  into  certain 
classco,  the  first  as  small  knives  or  arrow- 
heads, and  another  as  a  sort  of  rough 
pointed  knife  and  spear -heads.  There  was 
also  a  third  class,  which  luid  a  cutting  edge 
all  round.  It  was  difficult  to  say  in  what 
manner  these  were  naed.  but  they  were 
probably  attached  to  a  strip  of  wood  so  as 
to  form  an  aie.  One  disiincliou  between 
those  on  the  table  and  those  of  the  ordinary 
stone  period  was,  that  the  former  wero 
genenilly  made  to  cut  at  the  pointed  end, 
and  the  others  at  the  broad  end.  The  next 
question  wus,  under  wluit  circomstancet 
they  had  been  discovered.  They  were  dis- 
covered in  a  drift;  and  what  was  that? 
He  was  not  going  to  enter  into  a  full 
explnnation  of  the  terra,  resjiecting  wliich 
there  were  various  opinions,  but  would 
simply  ohatrve  that  it  was  u^utilly  found 
in  the  viciutty  of  rivers,  and  was  a  Be<H* 
mentary  deposit^  octTiaioned  by  tlie  action 
of  water  or  drifting  of  ice.  The  irople* 
menta  produced  were  found  at  a  depth  of 
J 5  or  20  feH  l>eloAv  the  surface,  and  itwaa 
evident  they  wero  not  buried  by  the  hand 
of  man,  but  simply  by  a  drift  or  tome 
other  action,  lliey  were  frequently  found 
in  England,  and  amongst  other  places  at 
Hoxne,  along  the  course  of  the  Thames, 
in  the  gravel  in  the  valley  of  the  Qose,  at 
a  considerable  elevation  above  the  present 
river,  and  one,  exhibited  by  Mr.  Wlnthoum, 
was  found  near  the  Wey  about  25  years 
ago,  in  a  layer  of  gravel  on  the  Pease- 
marsh  Common,  where  the  gravel  was  of 
tljat  character  in  which  they  might  ex- 
pect to  find  such  implements.  Th^'y  were 
also  found  in  caverns,  mixcdl  up  with  tho 
rcmuns  of  extmct  animals.  In  ne^urly 
nil  cases  where  this  hud  been  so,  the 
honea  were  those  of  the  elepbantj,  rhino- 
ceitis,  several  extinct  species  of  ox,  the 
tiger,  and  hippop  itumus.  At  the  time 
the  implements  were  made  there  was  no 
doubt  thla  country  was  iidiabited  by  these 
antmalsi  which  now  only  exist  in  tropical 
climates,  but  which  mii^ht  then  have  been 
adapted  to  live  in  a  cold  climate.  At  that 
time  the  riven  wore  depositing  gravel  at 


I 


J 


408 


Antiqxuirian  and  Literary  ItUelligencer. 


[Oct* 


a  heigUt  of  80  or  DO  feet  »liOve  their  ex- 
isting coancs.  Mr.  Evaiu  ocmduded  m 
long  and  intercfldng  speech  by  observing 
tUiit  geologists  gencrallj  ascribed  the  ro- 
nmins  of  the  above  aiitmals  to  »  period  of 
reoiote  antiquity,  and  inferred  that  the 
fliut  impltfisents  alladed  to  were  also  of 
very  great  antiqnity. 

Upon  this  followed  an  interesting  dis* 
cii^ionf  in  which  tluj  Bey.  T,  Hugo,  F*S*A., 
and  R.  A,  C.  Godwin-Austen,  E^.,  ¥,G3^ 
took  part. 

The  company  was  then  invited  to  inspect 
the  valuable  Berles  of  MSS,  which  were 
arranged  on  the  table,  coosprisiag  sig- 
natures and  holograph  letters  of  Henry 
VIII.,  Edward  VI.,  Lady  Jane  Grey, 
Queen  Mary,  Qti«en  Elizabeth,  Janic:»  I., 
and  other  celebrated  personages.  All  these 
were  fully  explained  by  W.  H.  Hart.  Esq*, 
F.S.A,,  in  a  long  paper,  from  which  we 
give  the  followmg  extracts : — 

"  The  estate  of  Loseley  is  mentioDed  in 
the  Domesday  Sun^ey  j  and  was  at  that 
time  held  by  Roger  de  Montgomery, 
Earl  of  Arundel  and  Shrewsbury.  Mo 
was  one  of  the  Norman  barous  who  en^ 
gaged  in  the  expedition  to  England  under 
Duke  William,  and  be  commanded  the 
Gentral  division  of  the  Norman  army  at 
the  battle  of  Hasting.  Loseley  waa  one 
of  the  places  bestowed  on  him  by  tliG 
Conqueror  in  rewjird  of  his  services*  It 
would  not  bo  profitable  to  follow  the 
estate  through  all  its  devolutions  from 
that  time  j  I  will  therefore  pass  over  a 
few  ceuturies,  and  come  to  more  modem 
times,  nnmely,  th<^»&e  of  Henry  VI IL  Iji 
the  early  years  of  his  reign,  tho  property 
mssed  by  purchase  into  the  hands  of 
Christopher  More,  the  ancestor  of  our 
worthy  President,  and  from  this  period 
the  estate  and  manor-house,  with  the 
treasures  there  preserved,  claim  our  at- 
tention and  commjind  our  interest. 

'•This  Christopher  More,  in  the  year 
1533,  lioil  licuuse  to  make  a  pork  here, 
thereby  founding  the  demesne  as  we  now 
see  it  in  all  Its  stateliness  of  forest  trees, 
ihady  groves,  trim  gardens,  prolonged 
avenues,  and  all  the  other  concomitants 
which  lend  to  this  spot  «o  great  a  share 
of  majestic  beauty  and  Arcadian  elegance. 

*'  William  More,  his  eldest  son  and  snc- 
GBBBOt,  was  a  man  of  renown  in  his  day. 
He  sat  in  Ptirliament  many  times  for 
Guildford,  and  once  for  Siirr<iiy,  aitd  was 
also  ^herifi'of  Surrey  and  Sussex.  Iii  1576 
8 


he  was  knighted  in  the  Earl  of  LiocolnV 
garden  at  Firfurd,  the  great  Quoen  at 
the  same  time  couiplimcntinK  hiin  highly. 
In  1662  he  began  to  build  ilie  cvnire 
compartment  of  the  mansion,  which  wm 
originally  intended  to  form  three  mdfls  ol 
a  quadrangle,  if  not  a  complete  aqoaM; 
but  thai  deaign  was  ^--^-v  -'irriw  omt^ 
though  a  western  wir  .  yr  «  gal- 

lery  121  ft.  long  and  i  und  alio 

a  chapel)  was  annexed  by  Hit  Gvargc 
Mo«v  the  son  of  the  founder.  This  wio^ 
however,  was  taken  down  sooxe  yeam  ugo, 
leaving  only  the  original  centre  compart- 
meat,  being  that  in  which  we  are  now 
aasenibled. 

"Sir  W'dliam  More  was  visited  hem 
on  several  occasions  by  Queen  Elixabeth, 
who  esteemed  him  highly.  From  the 
family  manuscripts  we  gather  some  in-^ 
teresting  particnbirs  respecting  her  Ma- 
jesty's Siijourmngs  berc»  In  a  letter  datetl 
from  the  Court  at  Ofltlands,  in  August, 
1583,  Sir  Chriatopher  Hattun  intbrms 
Sir  William  More  that  her  Mujiisty  '  hatb 
an  intention  about  ten  or  twelve  dayes 
hence  to  visile  yo^  house  by  Ouylfordc, 
and  to  reroayne  there  some  foure  or  fyve 
day(^  w*^  L  thowgbt  goo4l  to  advertise 
yon  of,  that  in  the  raeane  wbyle  you 
myght  see  every  tliinge  well  ordered^  and 
your  house  kept  awcete  and  cUaiie*  to 
receave  her  by  goes,  whensoerver  ah«  shiilhe 
pleased  to  see  it.' 

•*In  a  second  letter,  shortly  after.  Sir 
Christopher  says,  that  on  account  of  the 
cold  season  of  the  year  her  ^tajeaty  wa« 
pleased  to  abridge  herintended  joiiniey,but 
she  would  on  Tuesday  the  27th  of  August 
dine  at  Oking,  and  sleep  at  Loseley. 

"In   a  letter  written  by  Sir   \Villiam 
More's  daughter  to  himself  about  the  year 
1596  (she  was  one  of  the  ladies  of  her 
Migesty's  privy  chaml>er),  there  is  the  fol- 
lowing passage,  which  speaks  much  for  the 
great  favour  in  which  Sir  William  n»ust  have 
stood  in  the  Queen's  eyes,  and  the  gront 
familiarity    subsisting    between   her    Ma- 
jesty and  this  illustrious  family :  she  fays 
*SyiK'e  my  coramyng  to  the  Curte  I  have 
hutl  manie  grutious  wordes  of  bcr  Ma''',  J 
and  manye  times  she  bad  me  wolooa  w'^  j 
all  bcr  hart,  evere  since  1  have  widied. 
Yesterdaye  she  wore  the  gowtie  you  gave  \ 
her,  and  toko  tht  rby  occjision  to  q>.  ale  < 
of  yo*,  saviTig  er  long   I   should  {fnd  a  { 
mother-tn-lawe  w*^  was  hcrs^^U".  but  she  1 
fpaJt  affrayd  of  the  ('>"'   ./  *^/.irr   th^it  ar 
ih^r  teifh  yon ;  that  H  .rye 

with  her  for  yt ;  and  '  jyve 

ten  thowsand  pauTidc^  yuu  wet«  twenty 
yeerea  yomiger,  ft>r  that  »hc  hitlh  but  few  I 
Buche  Bervauute«  as  you  ar/ 


1861.] 


Surrey  Arch(vologicttl  Society. 


409 


••  Sir  George  More,  only  son  and  beir  of 

Sir  William,  wai  also  u  ct'kVbTated  man, 

d  in  fjivoiir  with  the  Queen.     On  the 

th  and  12tb  Augtj^t,  1603,  King  James 

d  his  Queen  vviiro  entertuined  at  Loseley 

by  this  geDtleumn,  iind  on  the  2l«t  of 

Angust,  lGC*i\  he  waa  ngiiin  honoured  by 

a  Ytsit  from  the  King. 

"  hi  Auginst,  1617,  Sir  George  enter- 
tnined  the  Prince  of  Wales,  afterwardft 
Clisirk*s  the  lflr»t»  here;  io  thut  we  have 
ample  evidence  of  Koyalty  often  favouring 
thiri  sj^mt  with  it-i  ]>rcs.encc,  when  the  carca 
of  government  or  the  endless  diapntes  of 
faction  compelled  the  Sovereign  to  look 
for  repc^se  in  the  retirement  of  aome  se- 
qn entered  demesne  :  and  %vhere»  beyond 
the  Ixjunds  of  regal  palftce*  and  ciifitles. 
Could  one  Bnd  a  more  fitting  place  of  re- 
ception for  Royalty  than  aiuid  the  beauties 
of  Loseley  ? 

"  About  1692,  Margaret,  tlie  only  sur- 
viving representative  of  the  Jlores,  mar- 
ri(fld  Sir  Tbomas  Molyneujt.  of  the  uncieut 
fikmily  of  that  name,  of  Setton,  Lnncaishire : 
find  80  from  thence  the  family  bus  pulsed 
on,  treading  lightly  ulong  the  ])athway  of 
time,  till  now,  when  the  doors  of  this  time- 
honoured  mansion  are  opened  to  receive, 
not  Koyalty  of  the  nixteemh  century*  but 
to  welcomL*  an  intelligent  iiBseiubhige  of 
the  jiini'teenth  century  ;  an  as^tiiibhige  of 
rsond  who,  I  am  s\iri^  cannot  fail  to  iip- 
'et'tate  the  favours  wbiib  are  this  dtiy  so 
lindly  extended  to  us  by  our  worthy  Pre- 
lent. 

"  Before  I  pass  to  the  MS8,,  a  few  words 
e  necessary  concerning  the  portruits  pre- 
rved  hero ;  some  of  them  are  of  btsturicnl 
tcrest.  We  have  two  full-length  por* 
its  of  JameH  the  First  und  bis  QuLen, 
d  here  on  tbe  occasion  of  tht'ir  visit, 
"A  family  group  of  Sir  Willium  More 
'olyneox,  with  Cassrindia  his  wife,  iind 
1  their  children),  by  i?oniors ;  several 
njily  portrait§  of  tbe  Moreu  und  Mcdy- 
ux ;  fliid  vn  the  drawing-rooio,  originsd 
_  >rtmits  of  Edward  Vl.tind  Aunt'  Boleyn, 
ind  Quern  l^lizahcth,  and  al*o  Sir  George 
'Jdore,  together  with  the  head  of  SirTJionias 
More,  Chancillor  to  Henry  VII I. 

•*  The  d(  ftwiiig-room  is  an  apartment  well 
worthy  of  careful  ttttentit»n ;  ei»peciially  tbe 
i«Ltmn*'y-piccei  which  is  of  an  eUborate 
dej»ign, 

**  And  now  to  the  manuscript  treasures 
of  thU  houise,  which  are  such  that  the  lover 
of  ancient  uutograpbs  and  ancient  docu- 
ment might  well  fcaiit  on  them  for  weeks 
nnd  stwks  licfore  he  would  he  satiated, 

"The  history  of  the*e  MSS.  commt-ncfS 
with  A  tradition,  whiih,  though  1  presume 
it  Ls  bn«iHl  u^Kin  {«ome  foundation,  yet  seems 
Usjrr*  Mao.  Vol*  CCJtL 


to  savour  fpome what  of  romance;  it  is  that 
they  were  lost  not  only  to  the  world,  but 
also  to  the  family  itself,  for  upwards  of 
two  centuries,  two  hmidred  long  wtary 
yeans,  owing  to  the  loss  of  tbe  key  of  the 
loim  in  which  they  were  preserved.  Now 
I  think  1  can  strike  oil"  a  little  ftom  these 
two  centuries^  Among  these  MSS.  are 
docnmenta  dated  in  1682  [  it  is  therefore 
obvious  tbtit  the  key  must  have  licen  lost 
alter  that  date,  otherwise  sneb  docuin^nts 
could  ntver  have  heeni  under  its  protec- 
tion ;  and  Mr.  Kempe,  in  bis  interesting 
volnuie  of  exlrarts  from  these  miinu&tript», 
states  that  many  of  them  bad  been  ex- 
amined and  annotatcil  by  a  member  of  tlie 
fanaily^  Ann  Comwallis  Molyneux,  who 
waa  the  wife  of  (ienen*!  Sir  Cbarle*  Raitis- 
fordj  she  died  in  1798,  Now  in  giving 
exery  ndvautnge  to  the  tradition,  we  bnvo 
only  from  HJ82  to  1798  (both  outside 
datfs)  to  inecount  for,  leaving  116  years, 
and  supposing  we  strike  off  from  this  the 
odd  years,  wc  are  left  with  one,  instead  of 
upwards  of  two  oentnries, 

'*  The  collection  of  manuscripts  comprisct 
document B  and  eorre^sjHindt'nee  on  a  great 
variety  of  topics,  foriuing  illustrations  of 
English  bifetor  1  of  the  highest  value, 

"*  Time  V.  ill  not  allow  me  to  do  other- 
wise than  direct  your  nttention  to  the*e 
mjiiiuscripts  tu  a  very  gvrteml  uianntr,  and 
to  indicate  the  various  beads  of  iiiionua- 
tion  they  sup]ily,  but  tbere  are  some  few 
wbk'b  I  must  sjK-cially  mention/* 

In  illnatration  of  the  paper  Mr,  Hart 
read  several  of  tbe  original  dwuments, 
comprising  correspondence  of  Arcblil^hop 
WbitgifL ;  Lord  Ch  mcellor  Ellesmcro ; 
tbe  Earl  of  Dorset ;  Robert,  Earl  of  Lei- 
cester i  Lord  Burleigh ;  nod  very  tnanj 
others. 

Mr,  Hart  next  allmled  to  tbe  pcdlgrcca 
of  the  Mure  family,  commencing  with  that 
of  Sir  Tliomaa  More,  n  nd  containing  nincly - 
two  in  number,  which  were  suspended  from 
tbe  wall 

John  £vans,  Esq.,  then  read  an  in- 
teresting paper  ni»u  Godnlming  and  it» 
A'icir  in  1610,  which  threw  some  light,  ba 
was  ol>servcd,  opon  the  state  of  religion 
during  those  troublous  times — 

'*  When  dvil  dndg««n  firsl  frrcw  btgh. 
And  men  fell  out  they  knew  not  why; 
When  bard  irordj,  jcAloustcs,  •nd  fears 
Sot  fulki  logi^thcr  by  Ibp  ears." 

Tlie  principail  ft  a  tore  of  tbe  paper  wi» 
nn  account  of  a  dbpute  wbich,  in  1640» 
existed  betwisen  the  inhabitauts  of  Oodul* 
3d 


410 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Oct 


ming  and  their  Vicar,  Dr.  Nicbolag  An- 
drews, who  was  also  Rector  of  St.  Nicholas, 
Guildford.  Having-  a  High-Chtirch  ten- 
dency, some  of  the  more  zealous  of  hii 
imriBbioners  rose  up,  and  presented  oer- 
tAiQ  &rtidei  agtiinet  him  in  the  Hoii«e  of 
Commoni,  In  wbich,  among  otbfsr  grteir- 
mices,  tbey  cotnplalned  of  bU  "  pride,  Idle- 
Tie«,  and  aQ*ectatioa  of  poperle.  his  deuy- 
ingo  thorn  a  lecturer,  and  yet  reAising 
blniBelf  to  preachp  with  many  other  things 
of  ranch  vexation,  hy  whipb  they  do  live 
in  a  moeb  diBoonsolato  state,  like  unto 
thnie  who  have  almost  lost  their  religion/' 
They  then  petitioned  the  Parliament  to 
grant  them  a  ''coaflclonable"  mimster  for 
their  pnriahj  they  being  a  namerons  eon- 
grcgation.  And  then  the  cfltnplaints  were 
miuutely  detailed.  First,  the  said  Nicholas 
Andrews  Wing  doubly  beneficed,  holding, 
lu  wit,  Godalining,  worth  £IS0,  and  St, 
Nicholas,  worth  £140.  together  with  n  pre- 
bend at  Salisbury,  worth  £60^  was  a  man 
much  aOected  to  his  ease;  and  when  he 
preached  it  was  in  a  fniitlesa  and  unpro- 
l3>tM,blc  miitiner.  Uc  said  that  there  were 
but  four  coiiformablo  tainisters  iu  the 
coanty  of  Surrey,  of  whom  he  was  one. 
He  was  also  a  frequenter  of  tuns  and 
tavernn.  Another  charge  againist  the 
Vicar  was  that  be  and  Mr.  Wayfcrcr,  par- 
Bou  of  Cotnpton,  **roade  to  Southampton, 
to  cat4  Fi-ihe,  atid  to  make  merrie  togea- 
ther,,  and  there  (dy verse  tymes)  drank 
healths  to  the  Pope,  calUiig  him  '  that 
honest  old  man/  "  Such  was  the  Puritan 
acoouut  of  Dr*  Andrews;  ami  fur  tho^e 
complaints  his  hcnelices  were  sequestered. 
Accfirdiiig  to  the  CUurch  account,  he  was 
sealotisly  attached  to  the  Church,  and  was 
described  ni  a  zealous  preucber  and  royal- 
ist. Uii  benefices  were  aeqneitered  for 
rerasing  to  admit  Calvinistio  preachers 
into  bis  church,  and  Mr.  Wayfcrer,  with 
whom  be  went  to  flsb  iu  the  ttieadow. 
nearly  shared  the  same  fate.  The  ori* 
ginal  docament  on  which  the  com  plaint 
waa  written  is  still  preserved  in  the  I^ae- 
ley.MSS.  Mr.  Evans  concluded  by  con- 
gratulating the  V'i<*ar  iind  parishioners  of 
Qodalming  upon  their  lot  having  fallen  in 
more  peaceful  times  than  those  wlilch  i?x< 
iated  two  eenturieiagOb 


The  company,  after  fully  inspecting 
the  Loaeky  antiquities,  repiiireti  next  to 
Compton  Churchy  and  Ihence  to  i\xt 
ahnahoQses  and  chapel  of  the  Car|ienters' 
Company. 

The  membora  And  visitors  then  dined 
at  the  Public  Hall,  Godalming,  anil  the 
proceedings  of  the  day  were  brought  to 
a  concluiiion  by  n  visit  to  GodaUuing 
Church,  the  architectural  featnrca  of  wbi^ 
were  det$cribed  hy  Altred  Heale«»  £^'» 
F.S. A,j  In  the  following  paper : — 

"  Commencing  at  the  beginning,  we  find 
that  Godalming,  like  so  many  otbtfr  Eng- 
lish viUagea,  may  he  tnused  hack  without 
difficulty  to  the  Saxon  period.  The  cha- 
racter of  the  name,  indeed^  would  indi- 
cate such  an  origin,  but  its  precise  m04n* 
ing  is  still  open  to  conjecture;  Aubrey, 
the  old  county  historian,  derives  it  fh>in 
words  meaning  Goda,  or  Godiva'i  alnia, 
indicating  the  generoaity  of  that  lady  to 
some  ecclesiastical  or  monastic  commnnlLy  ; 
but  inosmorb  as  there  appears  a  very 
strong  presnmption,  ii  not  proof,  that  it 
always  remained  in  lay  bands,  and  the 
Lady  Goda  or  Godiva  here  mentioned  it 
known  only  to  have  e^tisted  in  Aubrey*stm- 
agiuation,  his  theory  carries  little  wc'ght; 
and  we  are  prepared  rath«rr  to  listen  to 
Manning,  the  more  recent  and  grent  his> 
toriau  of  the  county,  and  who  I  may  men- 
tion was  for  many  years  vicar  of  thia 
church,  and  whose  monument  you  may 
see  agninst  the  whU, — rather  to  listen  to 
him  when  he  attributes  the  derivation  to 
*  Godhelm*9  Ing/  or  metidow.  Hie  word 
was  always  spelt  at  an  early  date  Godelm- 
iuj?,  with  an  '  e'  instead  of  au  'a'  as  now, 
and  more  recently  it  was  usually  varied 
to  '  G'^KlUmsn/  but  this  at  a  time  when 
spelling  wys  phonetic.  The  town  wai  ftust 
incorporated  in  the  1 7th  Elixabetb.  25th 
Januaryy  157i*&,  by  the  style  of  Urn 
warden  and  iuhabitauts  of  the  town  of 
G  odd  m  ing. 

*»  The  church  to  which  I  have  to  draw 
your  attention  is  dedicated  to  SS.  Pet«r 
and  Paul ;  it  is  described  by  a  topographer 
as  a  *  neat  building/  but  how  far  that  b 
correct  we  can  Judge  for  oorselves;  it  anf- 
fered  frightfully  from  alterations  aome 
five-and-twenty  or  thirty  years  since ;  00 
serious,  indeed,  that  it  Is  difficult  fur  an 
ari^hioologist  to  speikk  of  the  ii\jtury  in 
moderate  terms.  Tlie  dimensioai  ar9 
132  ft,  4  in.  iu  length,  hy  51  fL  6  in.  ill 
width. 

*'  So  far  as  we  can  judge  from  appeiu^ 
ance  (where  recorda  fail  us),  it  datw  from 


1861.] 


Surrey  Arcluvological  Sueiety, 


411 


the  period  of  tranittion  from  tbe  Nornian 
to  the  Gothic  Btjle*  the  period  when  tlie 
pointed  arch  cotning  Into  luie  supereodc^d 
the  round  arch,  ciud  opened  out  that  glo- 
rioQS  ftylc  tenued  Gothic,  Of  the  masaive 
ftrcfacfl  which  support  the  tower^  two  aro 
ffetnicIrcoUr^  two  pointed  ;  nil  except  tho 
Mttera  have  the  Mime  tiat  soffits  or  under 
•arfaoe,  as  If  cnt  straig^ht  through  a  solid 
wiiU,  and  rest  upon  the  game  plnin  imposts, 
,  with  the  lower  edge  chan*fertd.  The 
fr»iir  iniiuGnsely  miis»ive  pitTS  sapporliug 
the  tower  are  characteristic  of  this  and 
the  earlier  period  {  their  structure  no 
doubt  ift  that  of  a  ghell  of  masonry,  with 
the  interior  filled  up  with  mortar,  bita  of 
stone,  and  flints,  and  Bimilar  mhbishing 
materials.  Such  a  st^le  of  structure  caustd 
the  diaastrous  fall  of  Chichester  stcepk  so 
recently :  upon  the  Norman  tower  was 
built  the  beautiful  spire,  imposinjic  n  weight 
upon  the  piers  far  greater  than  the  founder 
ever  anticipated;  in  the  course  of  titi»e 
little  settlements  ooctirred;  more  recently 
the  gradmd  decay  of  the  stone  made  itself 
apparent;  at  length  the  outer  shell  of 
xnnsonry  bulged  and  cracked,  the  rubble 
and  rubbish  within  was  craebed  to  pow- 
der, and  poured  out  throui^h  the  gaping 
cnicks,  till  at  length  the  whole  structure 
came  down  together  s  the  supcratructure 
not  toppling  over  or  falling  tideway !*»  but 
•tthafdiiig  more  like  the  shutting  up  of  a 
telescope.  Here  the  south -east  pier  is  thick- 
ened at  the  back,  pi  rhap*  for  strmigth, 
perhiipH  to  contain  a  stairctise.  Some  little 
liiuiet-headed  windows  light  the  upper 
part  of  the  tower,  which  terminates  in 
a  row  of  corbels  supporting  a  leaded  spare, 
of  the  variety  culled  a  broach,  ooYcring 
the  top  like  an  extinguisher,  instead  of 
being  within  the  walls,  which  mould  then 
fbm)  a  parapet, a  plan  which  boiume  gene- 
ral at  a  later  ptriod of  arcbitectore. 

"  It  oontJiins  a  tine  peal  of  eight  bells, 
of  no  archjeological  intereftt,  having  had 
the  mis^irtune  to  bd  re-cast  ab<iul  a  cen« 
torjr  ago. 

•*  The  transepts  bear  the  same  date  as 
the  tower.  In  the  north  transept  is  a 
trniall  plain  doorway  in  precisely  the  same 
style-  In  the  south  lrans<'pt  there  is  a 
•mall  rccesfl,  no  doubt  a  piscina  :  they  are 
very  scarce  at  this  dati^  and  we  therefore 
more  regret  that  the  present  example  has 
sutfi'ri'd  (like  the  re«t  of  the  church,  in* 
<lec«i,)  from  the  pbister  of  modern  ttniea* 
In  the  ancient  w^iUs  have  been  formed 
arches  from  the  transepts  to  the  aisles; 
they  are  of  the  Kwrly  English  style  and 
very  well  moulded:  that  on  the  east  of 
th€  north  transept  ha«  peculiarly  bold 
aoiildingau 


"Next  in  point  of  date  aws  the  two 
nearest  arches  on  the  south  side  of  the 
nave.  The  moiiklings  and  nidely  carved 
foliage  remnining  on  one  cap  indicate  a 
date  of  e.  12(Xli  they  mark  the  originnl 
length  of  the  nave,  hut  when  the  opposite 
or  northern  ercnde  was  built,  the  nave  was 
extended  by  another  arch.  These  latter, 
you  will  ohsen'e,  are  precisely  similar  to 
each  other,  and  their  mouldings,  which 
arc  good,  indicate  the  Decorated  style  of 
Gothic:  it  deserve*  note  that  nothing 
so  precisely  or  easily  indicates  a  date  as 
traeery  or  mouldings — the  latter  may  bo 
tensed  the  grammar  of  medin?val  archi- 
tect ore.  The  base  of  one  pillar,  which  is 
very  characteristic,  may  be  seen  on  the 
west  side.  The  extreme  western  part  of 
the  church  wsis  added  at  the  tinr»e  of  the 
modern  olteralions  I  mentioned.  The 
windows  are  of  little  interest*  From  a 
small  lancet  just  over  the  west  arch  of 
the  south  transept  we  learn  that  the  aisla 
roof  was  considerably  lower  than  it  is  now. 
The  entire  north  wsdl  is  new,  tbe  aisle 
having  been  widened.  The  chancel  arcntle 
corresponds  with  the  eastern  arch  of  the 
south  trauiwjpt,  good  work  of  tbe  early 
English  period.  The  great  east  window, 
filled  with  handsome  stained- glass,  is  en- 
tirely modern  ;  there  b  noihing  to  in- 
dk'iito  the  form  of  traoery  it  originaHy 
had,  but  the  mouldings  of  tbe  witiddw 
arch  are  original,  and  of  tbe  early  Knglish 
date.  According  to  nn  old  cut,  it  consiiitcd 
of  five  lat  cets  under  one  arch.  Tbe  two 
aedilia  on  tbe  south  side  at  first  appear 
pecnliar,  inasmuch  aa  they  are  pbiccd  as 
&r  apart  as  possible,  instead  of  being 
tmitedl,  us  was  Uitually  the  rase,  but  the 
space  WAS  occupied  by  a  third,  which  has 
been  plastered  up.  There  is  a  smtdl  defaced 
piscina  or  aundiry  beneutb  the  window. 

"  The  north  chantry  before  the  altera- 
tfons  had  a  low  lean-to  roof,  and  the  east 
window  is  imitated  from  that  in  tbe  south 
transept.  Newrly  adjoining  it  is  a  round 
trefoil -beaded  pi^icina  and  a  small  nunibry. 

"The  old  church  chest  is  a  plain  mas- 
sive structure :  'ailng  any  ornnroent  to  fix 
a  dnte^  we  know  it  is  cutIy  from  the  way 
in  which  tbe  ltd,  shutting  over  tl»e  end, 
works  iipf)n  a  wooden  pin  passed  tlirou(jrh 
the  ends  of  the  lid  and  the  endn  of  the 
chest,  instead  of  having?  a  regidar  hinge. 

"In  the  south  chantry  is  a  fine  tri^det 
of  lancets,  with  detached  Suwiex  marble 
shafts  betwe*'n  them.  The  raoiilding*  of 
the  caps  look  rwther  j>oor,  hut  we  can  ex- 
pef*t  little  boldness  when  we  find  that 
they  are  not  stone,  but  chiilk.  Mediujval 
nuMOfis  tumL>d  to  account  the  beet  ma- 
teridl  obtainable  I  where  the  locality  t^" 


412 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  IntelUgenctr. 


[O^ 


niilied  no  irood  fton^,  uid  Ibr  wmnt  of 
fttud*  it  cxmld  not  be  procoped  from  a  di§- 
tBDoe,  they  were  mlvrays  ready  to  a^U 
themielTet  of  tlie  meatu  ml  hiiid :  want- 
it)^  fliotie  in  the  eaitem  ormntiea,  tbey 
bu'iU  of  flint ;  and  in  the  loathem  chalk 
ooutitit«,  flint  and  ft<me  are  commofily 
Oftc'd  together ;  in  moch  of  the  flat  ecNmtry 
of  Germany  tbey  baild  with  briek,  and 
one  of  the  four  mott  glorioiu  cities  for 
arcbseolofsy*  old  Lobeck,  ia  bnilt  of  brick 
alone.  The  tnoery  of  the  caat  window 
I  aasi^  to  the  lereiiteentb  centory ;  and 
the  door  beneath,  in  to  ertraordinaiy  a 
position  for  a  door  (riz.  at  the  east  end), 
WM  removed  from  a  porch  fotinerly  exist- 
ing near  the  weat  end  of  the  sooth  akle. 
Before  the  altcrati*ms.  the  roof,  which 
dated  about  the  time  of  Henry  V^ll^  was 
decorated  with  many  coats  of  arm*,  and 
the  eaat  window  cont^ned  a  prayer  for 
hif  aouL 

"Two  fragments  of  sculptured  atone 
forming  a  ring  appear  to  have  been  part 
of  an  early  font^  althoufrh  the  small  dia- 
meter  tells  agalnat  the  supposition-  We 
nett  notice  the  roonnraenla.  The  oldest 
b  the  biMh  tomb  in  the  south  chantry ;  it 
dntes  from  about  the  middle  of  the  fif- 
teenth century,  and  formerly  stood  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  same  chHtitry,  and  Uas 
been  despoiled  of  the  inscrip'iutu  wlilch 
was  engraved  on  brass  let  into  the  upper 
etige,  and  alao  of  the  coAts  of  anii«, 

"  Next  is  a  brajia  to  the  memory  of  one 
Thomas  Purvdebe  and  Johanna  his  wife; 
he  died  September  17,  1&09,  Their  co*. 
tmrie  is  the  ordinary  costume  of  civilians 
of  thit  period.  The  slab  formerly  ky  in 
tbe  middle  of  the  suuth  chantry. 

**  Another  commemorates  John  Barker, 
who  died  Aoguat  13,  1595.  It  giv«  s  a  long 
account  of  hif  pedii^reCf  derivt>d  from  the 
family  at  iSunning,  in  Berks.,  whtire  there 
is  a  brass  to  the  memory  of  his  futber^ 
William  Barker,  Stewurd  of  Sunning,  who 
died  in  1519;  and  «l»o  lonnerly  a  brats 
to  lii«  brother  WilliHiii,  who  died  iu  1575, 
and  ftiiotlKT  to  his  sistiT  Ann,  who  died 
in  158U.  Uis  name  appears  in  the  n'gistvr 
thiii:— 

"  *  1S96.  August.  The  x«  day  was  buried 
John  Itarker,  Octttteman.* 

'*  There  is  alao  a  braia  inscription  to 
Maryt  wife  ^f  Lawrence  Eliot,  and  the 
ngtator  contains  these  two  etitries : — 

***Ao.  Dni  lilOO,  November, 

**  •  Tiic  xday  wa*  buried  a  child  of  Lsw- 
r#nce  KHot,  <ieut.,  and  Mary  his  wife,  nn* 
biiptiacd.' 

♦**Thc  xr\  d*iy  was  buH^d,  Mary  the 
wrfe  of  UiwfWicje  KUot*  Ucut/ 


'^  I  need  but  refer  to  mm  oClier  losnK 
which  is  the  moral  momuuent  agjaiasft  the 
chancel  wall,  repres*  nting  a  ladj  knreliiig-. 
She  was  Judeth  Eliott,  wife  of  WHfiam 
Eliotf,  of  Durbridge,  Eai|^  aod  died 
A^.  1615,  aged  21. 

"  It  remains  to  notice  tbe  parish  refia- 
ten,  which  comnieiioe  in  1582^  and  ait* 
Teiy  well  written  and  weU  prcaerred. 

"Several  of  the  olii«s»  names  whicli 
oocnr  are  fiimilics  whose  deaoendants  atill 
inhabit  the  nfiglibonrhoodt  for  nxample, 
Eliot — from  whom  is  descended  the  pre* 
aent  Rector  of  the  adjoining  parish  of 
Pepperbarrow—Billinghnnt,  Coaten,  Mtl* 
krsh,  Peto,  Chitty,  and  many  others. 

••  In  the  few  latter  years  of  the  sixteentli 
centnry«  we  find  entries  of  burial  of  per- 
sons nnbaptiaed ;  their  number  increased 
and  became  quite  common  in  the  ne^ 
century.  We  may  assume  that  this  aroae 
from  a  powerful  Puritan  feeling  in  tbe 
parish^  the  existence  of  which  may  safelj 
be  inferred  from  the  number  of  persona 
named  from  the  Old  Twtament  in  prefer- 
ence to  the  saints  of  the  new  dispensation : 
one  of  the  earliest  is  Abigaiell,  daughter 
of  Wiltixm  Melysh,  and  Amy  hts  wife, 
bopt.  Jannnry  11,  1695-6:  others  ana 
Zjicbous,  Ber\}amin,  Judith,  Abraham, 
DeborM,  and  Bezftliel.  One  female,  who 
was  married  in  1606,  was  named  Adiian. 
In  1730  and  1731  are  entries  of  burial  of 
three  Anabaptists. 

"The  parish  appears  to  have  been  a 
very  moral  one,  as  it  is  quite  rare  ta  meet 
with  any  entry  of  In^itism  other  than  the 
child  of  so-and-so  and  his  wife,  Imt  ex- 
amples occur,  such  as, — 

"  •  1638,  May  tlie  xvi,  buried  «  child  of 
Jane  Manwayring,  and  of  the  pooiile,  nn- 
baptiRcd.' 

" '  1645,  Nov.  the  2ud«  William*  Sonne 
of  the  widow  Schocke,  was  baptised.' 

*"  1713,  June,  14  diy,  Jaine%  son  of 
Mary  Bowlkr  and  y*  people.' 

"^710,  KovemW,  12th  day,  Abelt^ 
son  of  Joane  Flottc.  fiat  Abcll  Diggina 
is  y*  reput*  d  iHther.' 

**  And  in  an  vmWvt  case  the  paterntiy 
is  very  delicately  hinted  at  :*— 

"  *  1645,  October  the  26th,  John,  son  of 
Thomas  Finches  miiiile  ser\'iuil.* 

"  WJmt  iMjfell  one  i>erwn  is  recorded  at 
the  end  of  the  book  in  these  words  : — 

*••  April  the  26tli,  1658.  Uenre  was 
taken  a  vogiirant,  one  Mury  Parker»i*idow* 
with  a  child,  and  «be  was  wipped  acoord* 
ing  Xq  Uw,  about  the  nge  tf  thirty  years, 
propiT  of  person  «4ge4  and  she  was  1o  goo 
to  the  place  of   her  birth,  that    ia  In 


i 


i 


1861.] 


Butte*  Archaologicttl  Society. 


413 


Gnme^eadt  in  Kent^  imd  she  is  HtnitiNt  to 
ilii  dnys,  and  to  be  currtiHl  from  Tithing 
to  T>- thing,  tell  ibc  oomes  to  the  and.  of 
the  said  jerney.' 

"  Frotn  July  to  NoveraWr,  1666,  it  is 
ev'ident  that  something-  like  the  great 
phigne  had  reached  Godalming.  To  the 
entries  of  burials  are  added  loeh  expres- 
siotts  BS  'distemper,'  'of  great  sickne^ii,' 
*  at  the  Peathoua^/  andj  only  here,  *  of  eon- 
I  mmption.' 

**'rhe  notes  appended  to  some  of  the 
btirials  arc  curious  :^ 

"  *  1608,  the  ix  day  was  buried  ac  lanna- 
ways  crosse  a  stranger  which  hanged  bim 
selfe  at  John  Dennrs  howse/ 

'•  *  1614»  the  xatviii  dny,  wa«  buried 
ould  gcxjddy  Peto,  the  widow  of  Lawrence 
Peto/ 

"*1615,  July  vii,  was  buried  a  ould 
woman  of  tuy  Lady  GarlondB.' 

"*1G17,  December  the  ii  day,  wa« 
boryed  Hichard  Ogman,  a  at  ranger,  ser- 
vant to  Mr.  Thomas  Cooper,  of  Bortea^  in 
y*  county  of  Barke*»  who  dyed  iit  Kent- 
more,  by  »  fit  11  from  bia  horse.* 

•*  *  10*81-2,  March  the  vii  day,  George 
Bridger.  lubcmrer,  felo-de-se.' 

"•  1733-t,  February  9,  Thomas  Atfleld 
murdered  in  the  liow.* 

*■  Severnl  other  notes  deserve  mention. 
In  1726»  it  is  recorded  that  *  Henry  Porch, 
a  stranger,  bid  the  lllack  Cloth.* 

•'In  174fi^i»,  March  3,  an  infant  of 
Thomas  Muagrove  *  candles  paid/  Id 
1749  and  1753  *  a  sermon  paid/ 

*'Many  appeur  to  hwve  been  buried  in 
the  Quakers*  buriiiUgrouud,  at  Biusoumbe, 
fbom  the  eighteenth  CLntury. 


"  On  May  6. 1661 ,  Jo.  Tonsley  and  John 
Costen,  Tho,  Siieliing  began  to  write. 

"  A  marginrtl  note  in  September,  168S, 
in  the  register  of  burials,  runs  thus ; — 
"  *  T«  Sth  y  bells  did  finu 
hit  matie  going  hy.* 
"*  Y'  14th  y  b<41*  did  ring 
when  his  matie  went  by.* 

*'  And  there  is  one  singular  entry : — 

"'1668.  May  the  8th,  y«  lady  Ford 
came  through  y*  town,  and  paid  nil  dutye* 
to  y"  minister,  clerk,  and  sexton,  for  pro- 
fering  to  burie  her/ 

**  It  appears  that  by  custom  they  were 
enlitleil  to  such  fees  in  the  event  of  any 
corpse  passings  so  tluit  it  was  not  Lady 
Ford  livings  bat  her  corpse,  fur  which  the 
proffer  whb  made. 

"  I  have  great  pleasure  in  arknowledg- 
ing  with  thanks  that  I  am  indebted  tor 
many  of  th««e  extracts  t^>  the  tindness  of 
the  Vicar,  himself  an  archieologiat  and 
one  of  the  fousidersof  the  Camden  Society, 
to  the  exertions  of  which  the  present  re- 
vival of  architecture  is  mainly  attributable. 

"  As  an  arcba'ologist,  like  an  historian, 
is  bound  *  nought  to  extenuate/  if '  nought 
set  down  in  malice/  I  cannot  have  with- 
out expressiag  sincere  regret  that  this  line 
church  should  have  been  so  ruthlessly,  so 
barbarously  treated,  and  anticipating  that 
ere  long,  per)  taps  In  con  sequence  of  some 
terrible  calamity,  aueh  as  a  fire  would 
ncccssiirily  be  here,  family  comfort  will 
give  way  to  public  prosperity,  and  the 
church  be  restored  from  iti*  pre^eiit  stute, 
a  nest  of  private  boxes,  to  a  decent  and 
suitable  House  of  Prayer/* 


SUSSEX  ARCHiEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


Aug,  8.  The  annual  general  un?eting 
was  held  at  Pctworth,  under  the  presi- 
dency of  the  Hon.  Percy  Wtitdham,  and 
notwithstanding  the  rain,  that  descended 
in  torrents,  was  very  well  attended;  but 
only  part  of  the  programme  wai  carried 
out.  A  proposed  visit  tfj  Woolnvingtvin 
was  abandoned,  and  not  many  of  the 
company  proceeded  to  Burton-house,  the 
residence  of  the  Hon.  II.  Deniimn,  but 
those  who  did  so  were  bo«pitably  re- 
oeived,  and  had  the  opportunity  of  in- 
specting several  fine  and  curious  paintings 
and  mosaics.  They  also  went  to  the  little 
church,  a'bich  Is  but  a  sliort  distitncc  to 
the  north-east  of  the  mansion.  The  Rev. 
John  New,  the  iiicaaibenti  officiated  as 


guide.  It  b  a  very  small  ediftco,  accom- 
m43dating  about  seventy  persona  only, 
which  was  closod  in  the  sixteenth  cen- 
tury, and  remaiued  so  for  about  160  year^i. 
Two  attar- tombs,  with  brasses,  and  numer- 
ous inscriptions  to  the  memory  of  the 
knightly  family  of  the  Gorings,  attnict<Hl 
attention,  and  under  a  niche  with  quatre- 
foils  and  plain  escut^'beons,  is  a  small 
female  figure*  recumbent,  carved  in  Cai;n 
stone,  hut  no  inscription  remains.  Tlie 
dates  of  the  two  si  tar -tombs  are  1533  and 
1658;  on  the  first  is  a  female  figure  attired 
in  a  tabard,  which  is  a  very  rare  circum- 
stance. Various  brasses  of  ancient  date, 
and  some  old  armonr,  were  also  seen. 
They  then  joined  thi:  main  body,  which 


414 


Aniiquarian  and  LUcraiy  IiUeU^ftnctr^ 


Ind  in  tb«  memniiam  proceeded  to  Pet- 
wortb-bofise,  wber«  between  t«o  and  three 
hoort  were  ipent  in  examiamg'  and  id- 
mtrlng  the  vplendid  ooUectkm  of  picttxra, 
rtrntnei,  and  other  works  of  art*  for  which 
it  U  10  fanmcuL  The  Hon.  P.  Wjndham 
aceomp«ued  a  aeetba  of  the  Tiiiton  to 
the  chapel,  the  detaib  of  which  were 
highlj  tnteresting.  Am  to  the  hooie  itadf, 
the  painted  ftaircaae  and  'entnnee-hsU 
are  worthy  of  the  Percsei,  and  are  alone 
worth  a  Tiiit.  In  addition  to  thu,  every 
room  in  the  8:imnd  tttlte  is  in  Itself  a  per- 
fect nmaeam  of  art  and  ohjects  of  Tertn. 
Tb«  galleries  of  Petworth-boufle  have  been 
often  deacribed,  bat  never  adeqtuitelj; 
they  moat  be  visited  to  be  appreciated. 
The  plaee  b  particolarly  rich  in  portraitik 
a^iedally  of  royal  perKmaget  and  thoee 
eonnecied  with  the  Percy  family.  But 
the  portraits  are  by  no  means  confined  to 
the  noble  or  even  the  great.  There  is 
Hemy  VIIL  and  Catherine  Parr;  bnt 
Iberft  ia  alao  the  *' mountain  belly  and 
rookj  fbee*'  of  Ben  Jonson,  and  the  lovely 
oonntenance  of  Peg  Woffington,  painted  \^ 
Hogarth,  and  worth  half  hit  more  fitmooB 
prodactions.  In  point  of  richness  no  room 
of  the  suite  ej^ceeda  that  adorned  with 
the  wood-earringB  of  GnDlitig  Gibbons. 
In  the  tame  room  are  four  panels  filled 
with  productiona  of  Turner's  pencil,  when 
that  artist  was  in  the  zenith  of  hi*  power. 
Elsewhere  the  student  of  Turner  will  find 
vpeiriniens  of  his  early  style — before  he  had 
cast  oW  the  brown  tone,  and  painted,  as  it 
were,  with  the  pencil  of  light.  The  original 
of  Tomer's  '*  JesaiGa"  nppean  over  one 


of  tilt  4Mrwi^;  snd  tbore  li  kav  fbtl 
fiuDoos  origiMl  ol  LietG«*a  **  Sttodio  PnoBj 
befor«  the  Doehett ;"  and  as  a  oompaa 
pictnrv,  ih«  ssme  artiat^s  **  Oulliv^r  i 
the  Brobdignagians.**    The  | 
Flaxman.  indndin^  **  The  Aidmgc^ 
Satan,"  and  the  alatas  of  the  "I 
Boxer,"  attncted  greai  aitenliotw 
the  cnriositiea  ar>e  aa  rare  aa  the  wa 
art;   among  them  are   Hotspur's 
and  a  piece  of  embroidery,  the  handiwork 
of  Lady  Jane  Grey. 

Adjoining  the  honse  is  Petworth  Chorch 
on  the  restoraUon  of  which  the  late 
of  Egremont  tpent  tome  £15,*X>0.  It  ia 
a  fine  dinrch ;  hot  the  restorationa  wore 
not  concdved  in  the  truo  ecdedblf^gial 
spirit,  and  enormona  galleriea  mar  tJiO 
feeling  and  beauty  of  the  edifloe. 

The  dinner  took  place  in  the  Park,  in 
a  large  tent  belonging  to  the  Society.  The 
Hon.  Mr.  Wyndham  preaido^.  tnpported  by 
the  Bishop  of  Chichester,  Mr.  Mitford.  Mr. 
Tite,  and  other  M-P^  Mr.  Peter  Burr^U  ~ 
&c.,  Ac  The  Chairman  stated  that 
Society  hnd  820  memben,  beside  tb 
that  day  elected. 

It  was  announced  by  Mr.  Bleooowo 
that  the  annual  volnme  waa  not  in  a  Ibr* 
ward  state,  only  100  pages  of  it  being  aa 
yet  printed;  and  the  Rev,  Mr.  PoweU^ 
stated  that  many  subscriptions  were  iq 
arrear,  in  conBeq[nence  of  which  an  alteniJ 
tion  of  the  rales  waa  resolved  on,  which  it 
is  trusted  will  have  a  beneficial  cffert  oq 
the  finances  of  this,  one  of  the  earliert 
and  most  hard-working  of  onr  Aiehmo* 
logical  Societies. 


WILTSHIRE  AUCH^OLOGICAL  AND  NATUBAL  HISTORY 

SOCIETY. 


Ausf.  21,  22,  23.  This  Society  held  a 
ibroe*day  meeting  at  SbafVshnry,  which 
was  well  Attended,  onder  the  presidency 
of  T.  H.  ftOTmBOJf'EBTCOlTEX,  Esq.,  M.P, 
Tlie  mooting  had  been  postponed  a  fort- 
night in  cooaeqneooe  of  the  death  of  I^rd 
Uorbsrt,  and  it  was  now  held  out  of  the 
ooon^,  with  the  view  to  promote  the  for- 
notkn  of  an  Anhiootogical  Soetety  for 
0ot««tahire.  The  aastmbly  took  place  at 
tli^  Markft>b<mi«»  m  Sha(teabiirji  when 


the  Rev.  A,  C.  Smith,  of  Yateabury. 
the  report,  whicli  stated  the  Society  to  1 
increaHing  in  number,  and   its  financial  ' 
position  satisfactory. 

"With  regard  to  the  Magaxino  (of 
which  Nnmber  20  i^  now  in  the  pre«s)» 
the  members  of  the  Society  have  no  doab 
ob«ier\'(?d  that  a  longer  period  than  i 
has  elapsed  since  the  i«*^'"  "''  ♦^^e 
number ;  and  they  will  f' 
gnn  to  entertain  some  snspi  i  i 
the  r^esomrcea  of  the  writers  are  un  tha  di^* 


iSGl.]    Wiltshire  Archmohgical  and  Natural  History  Society.  41^ 


dine,  or  tbat  tlie  dilipence  of  it»  oonducUir 
id  relaxed.  It  i»  therefore  proper  to  cz- 
|jlaiii  that  neither  the  one  nor  th«  other 
is  the  ca^e;  but  thi&t  the  reaeou  why  it 
has  been  necessary  to  postpone  for  ft  little 
while  the  publieution  of  any  fresh  number 
i^  that  both  the  pr««B  of  our  printer,  and 
the  time  and  attention  of  our  tMiitor,  the 
Rer.  Cantju  Jackson,  have  been  entirely 
absorbed  in  preparing  anotlicr  work  con- 
Dected  with  the  county,  which  the  Society 
hiui  undertaken  to  publish.  Aubrey,  the 
Wiltahire  antiquary,  mmde  2CH)  yeara 
ago  consideruble  collectiona  for  the  Topo- 
graphy of  Wiltshire,  espedfldty  the  Qorthem 
ijart,  of  wliich  we  have  afl  yet  mo  regular 
.history.  The  manuscnpt  which  contains 
hi«  collections  was  printed  uiiiny  yean 
a^,  but  wa  few  copies  were  uiudo  of  \t, 
that  \Xv&  l>ook  is  seldom  to  be  met  with. 
Canon  Jackaon  has  bci^u  for  some  time 
occupied  in  pre|iaring  a  new  edition  of  it, 
to  be  enlarged  by  notes  aod  addilimis  of 
his  own,  and  to  be  illuiitrated  with  phiteSj^ 
ohie%  of  the  family  heraldry,  then  in  the 
windows  of  the  churches  and  gentL  men's 
houses,  the  greater  port  of  win  eh  have 
long  iiQoe  perished.  It  has  boon  a  very 
Uborious  task,  but  the  volume  is  now 
passing  through  the  press,  and  is  con- 
fliilenibly  ailvanced  towards  completion. 
'  It  will  be  a  tliick  quari^o,  of  about  400 
pagc!S,  and  between  40  and  &D  plates;  and 
thoagh  it  is  of  too  large  and  expensive 
a  character  to  allow  your  committee  to  pre- 
setit  it  to  members  of  the  Society,  it  is  eon* 
tempbited  to  offer  it  to  them  at  a  reduction 
of  one-third  of  the  price  at  which  it  will 
be  sold  to  the  public,  an  oflir  of  which 
your  com  in  it  bee  has  little  doubt  members 
generally  will  hasten  to  nvail  themselves- 

**  Nor"^  is  that  the  only  fniit  of  onr  la- 
bomn  since  the  last  annual  meeting;  a 
very  considemblo  advance  having  t«ken 
place  in  furthering  the  scheme  long  since 
proposed  fur  collecting  accurate  details 
towards  the  Pari-tchiftl  lliitories  of  Wilts, 
It  will  be  in  the  recollection  of  the  Sodety 
that  at  our  general  meeting,  held  in  Sep- 
tember, 1855,  a  scheme  was  propo  ed  by 
the  Kev.  John  Wilkinson  for  obtaining  a 
general  Parochial  History  throughout  the 
coonty  of  Wilts.  This  was  followed  by 
the  issue  of  a  pamphlet  containing  *  lleiub 
of  Information  suggested  for  Parochial 
Histories :'  but  #ie  scheme,  although  here 
and  there  carried  out  with  the  greatest 
•ucoeasy  did  not  meet  with  that  snpport 
which  was  anticipated;  partly,  perhaps, 
from  an  nnwlllLngncss  in  some  of  the 
clergy  to  make  too  minute  an  inquiry  into 
private  affairs^  and  tartly  from  a  feeling 
of  inability  in  others  to  work  up  a  eomc- 


whnt  intricate  subject.  The  plan,  how- 
ever, has  received  fresh  eocouragement 
from  the  Bishop  of  the  Diocese,  who,  on 
the  retirement  of  the  late  able  Secretary, 
has  placed  it  under  the  more  immediate 
patronage  of  the  Society  by  appointing 
one  of  onr  general  secretaries,  the  Rer* 
W.  C.  Lnkis,  to  be  Honorary  Secretary ; 
and  his  Lordship  is  most  anxious  that  it« 
suoress  may  be  ensured^  by  the  clergy  and 
laity  accord  ng  to  it  that  assistance  and 
support  which  they  are  able  to  give.  The 
*HeadA  of  Information*  have  been  re- 
arrauged,  and  put  into  the  form  of  ques- 
tions, franii'd  as  simply  as  posjiible,  which 
are  bein^  issued,  and  will  soon  be  in  the 
hands  of  *dl  the  deri^y. 

'*  With  regard  to  the  Museum  and  Li- 
brary, they  have  been  augmented  by  sun- 
dry gifts,  through  the  lilwrality  of  Mr. 
Poulett  8cr4>pe,  Mr.  Tugwell,  Mr.  Mussel- 
white,  Mr*  Spender,  Mr.  Neate,  Colonel 
Olivier,  Captain  Gladstone^  Mr.  A.  Strat- 
ton,  liev.  U,  Bjirtlett,  Mr.  Chant,  Rev. 
W,  C.  Lnkis,  and  others,  to  whom  our 
best  thanks  are  due :  but  your  committee 
would  once  more  repeat  its  conviction  that 
the  poocasion  of  a  permanent  and  suitable 
building,  appropriidcd  to  th^se  several 
deijartments,  Wrill  alone  attract  valuable 
collect ionj^  whether  by  way  of  loan,  de- 
posit, or  gift ;  indeed,  such  has  been 
plaiuly  intimated  by  several  woidd-be 
donors  and  depositors," 

The  Rev,  E.  Hill  then  read  a  paper,  by 
the  Rev.  J.  J.  Reynolds,  on  the  Early 
History  of  Shaflesbury,  after  which  the 
excavations  now  being  carried  on  on  the 
site  of  the  abbey  were  visiteiL 

After  dinner  at  an  hotel,  a  conver- 
sazione was  held  in  the  Town-hall,  when 
Mr.  Alfred  Seymour  read  a  paper  on 
Wardour  Castle,  and  the  Rev.  W.  H, 
Jones  one  on  the  Wiltshire  Possessions 
of  the  Abbeaa  of  ShafteabuTy,  which  gave 
a  good  account  of  many  places  that  were 
to  be  visited  by  the  Society  on  the  follow- 
lug  day.  The  rooms  of  the  Shallcsbury 
Literary  Institution  were  placed  at  the 
disposal  of  the  Society  for  a  museum,  and 
nmuy  rare  and  valuable  objects  were  con- 
tribuU-d,  particularly  by  the  High  Sheriff, 
Alfred  Seymonr,  Esq, 

Aitg.  22.  An  excursion  was  made  to 
Wardour  and  Tisbury,  retnroing  by 
Hatch  to  Shaflesbury.  The  lirst  object 
that  attracted  attention  waa  th«  well- 


416 


Anliquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer, 


[Oct. 


known  conical  liill,  ahf^ui  n  milo  from  the 
town,  calKil  KiHgsettle.  Thii*  hill  coin- 
Diii»d«  extensive  views,  n nil  la  retuarkable 
m  being  a  place  where  Alfrctl  Is  8np[x>«ed 
to  have  colleclcd  and  addressed  his  fol- 
lowers ;  Rnd  hence  its  nume.  Great  diflfl- 
cnlty  waa  experienced  in  tracing  its  form, 
from  the  oxubcj*aut  foliage  by  which  it  i« 
nt  the  present  time  covered.  The  party 
then  ex  imined  some  ancient  fortiticiitioiis 
at  Wyn combe,  and  paMcd  on  to  Donhead 
St.  Mary  Cbnrch,  and  from  thence  to  the 
church  of  Donhead  St.  Andrew.  Tit  is 
church  ootitains  an  Anglo-Norman  font^ 
and  a  cnrioasly  sculptured  capital  of  a 
column.  It  repreaents  a  shield  hearing 
the  emhlemB  of  the  Crucifixion  and  sup- 
ported by  angels ;  this  rests  on  a  head  of 
the  Savioar,  which  terminates  the  shaft. 
On  arriving  at  Old  Wardonr,  so  replete 
with  historical  agsociat ions,  and  the  beauty 
of  which  ia  so  well  ktiowrij,  the  lautle 
attracted  much  attention,  a  fulil  descrip- 
tion having  been  given  by  Mr.  A,  Sey- 
mour on  the  previous  evening.  After 
hinchcon  a  visit  vfm  paid  to  Tiabary 
Church.  In  the  churcliyard  the  groat 
yew- tree,  of  conr»e,  did  not  pass  unnoticed : 
this  tree  is  nearly  forty  feet  in  circuni* 
ference,  and  quite  hollow.  Place-farm, 
in  the  neighbourhood,  was  an  occasional 
residence  of  the  abbess  of  Shaftesbury, 
and  still  retains  its  gateway  and  bum, 
the  Utter  of  which  is  200  feet  long,  and 
Lb  prob«ihly  one  of  the  largest  and  most 
curiously  •constructed  in  the  kingdom;  it 
is  evidently  of  grcut  autiqaity. 

In  the  evening  a  most  inti-resting  paper 
was  read  by  the  lie  v.  W.  C,  Lukia,  of  Col- 
linghoume  Ducis,  on  Cromlechs,  which 
was  illustrated  by  large  drawings,  bean- 
fjfuUy  executed  by  Mr.  Luki«.  sen.,  who 
has  devoted  t^e  greater  part  of  bis  life  to 
this  part icuhir  branch  of  arcbax>logtcal  pur- 
suit. A  paper  was  also  read  by  W.  Cun- 
nington,  E*q.»  F.G.S.,  on  Pen  Pits,  which 
coucladod  the  proceedings  of  the  day. 

Auff.  29.  A  Tiait  was  made  to  Stoor- 
bend,  passing  by  Motcorobehoose,  the 
seat  of  Lord  Westminster ;  then  to  Wt^> 
lands,  a  manorial  seat  of  the  Doddingtons, 
but  now  oocQpiod  by  Mr.  Jnpe,  who  kindly 
9 


shewed  the  party  over  it ;  thence  to  Mere, 
and,   having  seen  the  church,  the  \mrtj 
went  on  to   Zeala-hoiifle,  a  manor -houM  ] 
formerly  of  the  Cliaf>ni,  wbene  the  excur- 
sionists were  personally  invited  by  Mrs*  I 
Grove  to  see  the  Interior  of  that  ancient  | 
and   historical   residence.      Some   of  the  | 
party  only  could  avail  tbemselfea  of  this  ] 
privilege^  as  many  had  gone  on  towarda 
Stonrhead.  the  seat  of  the  late  Sir  R.  C^ 
Hoare,  the  well-known  historian  of  Wiltii*  j 
Tlie  present  oivner,  Sir  H.  Huare,  met  th« 
piirty  in  the  ball,  and  gave  them  a  cordial 
welcome,  throwing  open  the  house  and] 
grounds  tor  their  in-^pectton.    On  the  mny  | 
back,   after   refreshment  at   Stourton,   ■ 
cursory  glance   was  given   to  Pen    Pit*, 
Thes  '  consist  of  several  thousand  ronj?hly  J 
circular  holes  in  a  marshy  tract  of  csountry^l 
which  have  given  rise  to  much  tpecalatioiv  | 
but  nothing  certain   ia   known  of  tbem.  f 
Dr.  Buckland  favonrs   the  opiuton   that  i 
they  were  nothing  more  than  the  places 
where  the  Britons  dug  their  millHStonos; 
others  regard  them  as  thd  foundattona  of 
the  thntched  huts  of  the  early  iuhabitanta« 
Of  tlieir  antiquity  it  appears  there  is 
diiubt,  as  they  were  overgrown  with  hii^a  J 
oaks  in  the  time  of  the  Saxons.     These  * 
and  other  opinions  were  pretty  freely  dis^ 
cu*aetl  on  the  top  of  the  hi U.     The  party 
then  relumed  by  GilUugham  to  Shaftes- 
bury;    and  the  evening    waa   agreeably 
spent  by  the  members  of  the  Socic^  la 
the  mmteum. 

On  the  following  morning  many  of  the , 
members  paid  ntiother  visit  to  the  excava«| 
tions   which   litid   hveii   made  under  th«l 
superintenilcnce  of  W.  Batten,  Ksq.,  thai 
cunitor  of  the  Shaftesbury  Literary  Ia-| 
stitvitloiij  in  a  garden  on   the  supposcdj 
site  of  the  Abbey,  where  fountlations  httv« 
been  met  with  which  are  probably  thoail 
of  the  Abhey  Church.     Parts  of  the  tc9-| 
seUated  pavement  still  remain.     A  vaul|i 
was  opened  within  the  walls  of  the  buih 
ing,  and  a  skeleton  in  good  preservatto^ 
wa*  difcovered,  which  appeared  on  exami^ 
nation  to  have  been  that  of  a  man  of  aboaft 
¥)  years  of  age,  about  5  ft.  7  in.  ir>gh,  afid 
of  a  strong  build;  the  teetU  were  sound 
and  good. 


1801.] 


417 


Cont^jpoittima  of  Sulbanti!^  BvMiu 


\CorrfipondenU  are  requested  io  append  their  Addrettei,  not,  unle^M  agreeahU,  for 
pubdcation,  hut  in  atdet  that  a  copjf  of  the  GxKTLXICAir'B  MaOAZIKB  confaimng 
ikeir  Communicatiim$  ma^  he  forwarded  to  them.'] 


RECEOT  EXCATATIONS  IK  BENMAEK. 

We  have  been  fnvotired  with  the  following  communication  by  Professor 
r'tjeorge  Stephens,  of  Cheaping^haven,  to  whose  forthcoming  woik  on  Runic 
^Inscriptions  we  lately  alluded.     Tliat  work,  we  are  glad  to  learn,  is  now 
'  in  the   printer's  hands,  and   the  Professor   writes,   "  My  materialfl  have 
happily  accumulated  (though  to  my  great  loss  financially),  so  that  I  have 
now  about  one  hundred  monuments,  one  of  them  a  palimpsest  stone ;  they 
take  a  long  time  to  engrave,  as  I  am  particular  in  requiring  the  utmost 
attainable  exactness/'    We  hope  that  a  work  so  interestbg  to  all  historical 
students  will  not  be  allowed  to  entail  a  lose  on  its  learned  and  mo^t  indus- 
trious author.    The  communication  that  we  now  print  we  conceive  will  be 
of  much  interest  to  the  literary  world,  as  shewing  the  enlightened  views 
of  the  present  King  of  Denmark,  who  sets  an  example  to  more  opulent 
Governments,  by  according  national  encouragement  to  archseology. 


Ma,  Uhbak, — Your  July  minaber  (p.  74)  contamed  a  compreased  account  of  the 
remarkable  discoveries  recently  made  in  tbe  Thorabjcrg  Moss,  in  S<jntli  Denmark. 
Undcntandiiig  thai  the  excavations  there  would  be  continued,  1  repaired  a  few  diiya 
ago  to  Flensborg  Ui  be  present.  But  I  found  that  nothing  more  could  be  done,  Mr, 
Ei^lhardt  hiid  jnst  returncid  fbom  South  Bnump.  He  had  previouflly  been  convinced 
that  thia  particuloj-  field  was  exhausted,  hut  hud  been  aQSLloni;  to  mnke  one  more  eirort, 
that  no  future  doubt  might  exbt.  This  he  1ms  now  accooipHshed^  He  has  dug  round 
the  ouUkirt*  of  the  former  diggings,  and  has  obtained  abundant  evidence  that  nothing 
farther  exist*.  The  particular  limits  in  which  the  antiquities  had  been  deijosited  fifteen 
fir  ^teon  hundred  years  ag^  are  weO  defined.  Beyoud  that  liordcr  there  is  the  simple 
lOis.  So  this  question  is  now  cleared  up^  and,  next  summer,  operations  will  be  com- 
menced at  another  sijot.  All  these  diggings  are  generously  paid  for  by  the  Crown, 
tile  State^  in  this  case  the  funds  of  the  Dariisb  province  of  Sjuth  Jutland,  and  all  the 
proceeds  are  deposited  in  the  splendid  local  muaeum  of  Flensborg,  its  capital. 

So  I  took  the  opportunity  of  again  examining  these  objects,  which  are  uow  beau* 
tifully  airangedt  I  met  a  diitinguiahed  antiquary  there,  M.  Morlot,  Professor  of 
Geology  and  Arcbosology  at  Lausanne.  He  wiis  struck  by  the  iuunense  value  of  what 
was  here  a^scmhledj  and  his  remarks  and  illastrations  were  most  interesting*  Urn 
opinion  entirely  coincided  with  that  of  Mr.  Engelhardt  and  others,  that  the  third  cen- 
tury alter  Christ  was  the  latest  date  for  the^  valuable  remains.  It  is  to  he  hoped  that 
Engliih  antiquaries  will  direct  their  attention  to  this  wonderfid  collection.  The  tour 
from  Cheapinghaven  is  picturesque  and  clieap,  Rasch's  and  other  hotels  are  com- 
fortable, Mr»  £ngelhardt  speaks  Kngliahi  and  there  is  no  manner  of  difficulty  in  any 
Qbnt.  Mxq,  Vox*,  CCXI.  3  s 


418 


Correspondence  qfSytvanut  Urbtm. 


i( 


d-rectton.  Meant tmc;  I  am  able  to  announoe  that  Mr.  Engelhardt,  tlie  leam*^  mmtor, 
b  eng^Ai^ed  on  a  detsUed  descriptioiu  of  the  Brurup  Find,  in  large  octavo,  with  twenty 
•plendld  plates  of  the  Tartoos  objects.  It  will  appear  In  two  or  three  montba,  in 
Banish  i  bat  an  edition  will  alio  be  prepared  with  an  abridged  French  test. 

From  Fleniborg  I  wended  mj  waj  to  North  Jutland,  the  beantUul  district  roimd 
Vdlc,  and  to  Jellinge,  the  famona  seat  of  the  g-gantic  bairowv  raised  nexrlj  900 
jean  ago  to  the  memory  of  King  Gorm  the  Old,  and  his  qneen  Tbyre*.  I  theare  foond 
the  AnUqnanan  Commiftaion  in  fnll  aetiiity.  It  consigta  of  Pmfeifair  Womac;  thtt 
archivary  and  nnmiamatlst  Herbst,  the  artist  Kornerap,  and  the  Ptofdiioir  of  Avft* 
tomy«  Ibsen.  This  latter  gentleman  is  now  in  the  capltalt  hii  servioea  not  beSng  re- 
qtiired  for  the  present  at  JieUingc.  Yon  have  no  donht  heard  something  of  what  lias 
been  going  on.  The  barrow  to  Qaeen  Thyre  has  been  thoroughly  examined  A  centre 
digging  was  effected  deep  into  the  ca,im.  From  this,  minor  galleries  were  eicarated 
in  every  direction,  and,  in  addition^  boringi  were  made  from  the  top  down  te  the  nahual 
soil  below.  The  result  is  satisfactory :  it  is  now  q[iiite  certain  that  Qoeea  Thyre  mm 
nerer  buried  in  this  moond*  In  a  word,  it  was  a  cenotaph »  a  memorial  of  honour. 
This  oonflrms  the  ancient  tradition  that  she  outlived  her  husband  about  Ibsr  ynrv 
dying  at  the  age  of  about  seventy ^five. 

His  Mi^esty,  Frederick  VII.,  is  indefatigable  in  these  researches.  He  speodii  rerf 
birge  aams  in  the  field  of  natiotud  antiquities,  and  himself  takes  part  in  and  aupaiiiK 
tends  all  that  is  done.  The  heavy  expenses  connected  with  the  present  inquiry  miM 
de^yed  by  himself,  and  he  has  now  ordered  that  the  second  hoy,  that  Mmtiuailig' 
(prevSoot  to  their  dispersion)  the  remains  of  Queen  Thyre  and  King  Gorm,  ahall  hm 
opened  and  cleared,  the  grave-chamber  restored,  and  the  whole  r«nd«red  easitj  snjussiMi 
for  the  Inspection  of  all  lovers  of  andent  monuments.  The  Commisskni  has  Iberefort 
carefUly  refilled  and  redosed  Thyre*a  hoy,  and  has  commenced  with  the  other  mound. 
A  deep  cntting  has  been  made  into  the  enormous  earthwork,  and  this  is  continued  by 
a  irallcry,  supported  by  ma^ive  timbers^  to  the  centre.  According  to  the  drawings 
made  in  1B21,  when  the  motmd  was  opened,  they  ought  to  have  struck  the  chamber 
at  the  end  opening.  But,  as  uiual,  all  wai  mistake.  We  can  scarcely  ever  depend  upoQ 
previooa  inqniries,  so  many  and  so  gross  are  the  errors.  It  turned  out  that  they  came 
upon  the  chamber  at  the  centre  of  the  long  side.  The  great  beams  were  found  so  de- 
cayed as  to  have  given  way  from  the  enormous  prcssare  of  stones  and  earth.  So  things 
have  come  to  a  standstill ;  all  palliatives  have  bi'cn  found  tneffectool,  and  it  is  now 
Professor  Worwuie*s  intention,  should  he  receive  the  King's  permission,  to  open  an  im- 
mense cntting  from  above,  dig  down  to  the  chamber,  thoroughly  restore  it,  place  m 
fresh  support  for  the  superincumbent  weight,  so  as  to  leave  no  strain  whatever  on  the 
diamber  itself,  and  muke  the  whole  so  secure  and  easy  of  accesis  that  it  shall  remain  a 
place  of  national  pilgrimage.  This  spot  is  sacred  ground  to  every  Northman.  King 
Gorm  WAS  the  first  monarch  who  united  nil  Denmark  under  one  sceptre,  governing  long 
and  vigorously.  Queen  Thjre  was  the  glory  of  her  country,  '*  Denmark's  Darling,** 
and  construct^'d  the  famous  wall,  Dnncvirke,  against  the  Saxon  and  German  invadcn 
from  the  South.  The  Rune-stoncs  connected  with  them  are  also  fiill  of  interest. 
They  have  now  been  cleaned  and  taken  care  of.     I  will  add  a  few  words  of  detalL 

At  the  end  of  the  long  cutting  into  the  hoy,  where  the  sahtcrrRnean  gallery  ooiD* 
menoes,  a  portal  of  woodwork  has  been  constructed,  in  the  Old-Korthem  stjle,  dengosd 
by  Komerup.  The  long  serpent  or  "  worm"  (^orm)  has  n;ference  to  the  name  of  the 
dseesaed  hero.  The  knot<twi8t  is  the  decoration  of  the  age  and  the  great  Rune-stone. 
T\ie  linni  are  tlie  natiotml  syuiTioU  of  Denmark,  as  of  England  snd  the  other  Northern 
peopk'S.  On  eooh  side  the  (lortak  is  a  Bonic  inscription,  drawn  up  by  Professor  Woi 


•  A  detailed  account  of  ihi^M}  burrows,  and  copies  of  the  inscriptions,  will  bo  fooiid 
in  Proftawor  Worsaae's  "  Priinieral  Antiquities  of  Denmark/'  pp.  102—118. 


1861.] 


Recent  Excavationa  in  Denmarh 


419 


RuDic  tjpea,  T  bolicve,  are  not  common  in  England,  und  tlicre^or©  I  muit  g^vo  It  in 
KoQaan  clmracfeen : — 

HAV   TAK   O  KOXNTNG!   TRA   HOrKNS  IHTT^D 

Dtr   SKLEITEXJt  OB   MlirD££B   0£  KtXKl>8£ABB  QITLD* 

Wbloli  may  "be  thus  rendered  i-^ 

*•  TJuinkB,  King  t  From  oiit  the  grave-hoy's  mould 
Old  days  thwi  bi  ingest  nnd  Memory's  gold**' 

il^e  tbcn  ent-er.    Tbe  poBitge  if  comfortably  brotiO,  and  m  high  thai  we  can  stand 

bpright.     At  tbe  end,  aocees  will  be  given  to  tbe  ancietit  bunat-ebaujber,  cartifully  re- 

ored  out  iif  tbe  original  tnutarialBf  as  far  oa  |>06Bible,     Ah  I  have  said,  it  is  a  double 

'chamber,  the  division  having  been  made  by  a  low  plank-work*     There  is  tbe«sl\«ro  no 

dxmbt  that  it  was,  us  the  old  intcription  statea,  for  two  persons* 

Tbe  tolnor  Rnue- stone,  a  large,  nearly  square  bloik,  has  two  lines  of  tull,  deep 
|Baiie«,  as  follows: — 

KUBMB  KTJjrUUt   KABTHT  KXTBI-  TITCBl 
APT  THiniiri   'SMSV    BDfA  TAJfMABXAtt   DFT. 

Amir  (Qorm)  King  gar^d  (mnde)  Kumhel  (mound,  cairni  barrow)  ihU,  after 
(fco  itie  memory  of)  Thttrvi  Queen  (wife)  Aw,  Denmark'8  B6t  (help,  darling-). 

The  a  in  Kartki  is  not  quite  distinct,  and  the  r  is  now  illegibtc;  otherwise  tha 
iuscrtption  is  nobly  preserved* 

Professor  P.  C.  Tboreen,  the  well-known  Danish  runologiat,  has  just  written  a 
psper  on  this  stone»  in  the  Danish  journal  Fmh'el^ndH  for  the  20th  of  Angnst* 
He  here  triumphantly  shows  that  this  InscriptioTi  ba»  been  fnisandergtootl,  and  that 
the  barrow  and  stone  were  not  raised  over  the  deadt  but  to  the  Jamottji  Thy  re.  To 
this  I  would  add  a  few  words,  tending  U>  fix  the  date. 

Whtn  this  honoar  was  paid  her,  she  niust  have  been  somewhat  advanced  in  years. 

No  one  would  erect  a  tomb  to  his  ^ouf^g  wife,  in  expectation  of  her  njicedy  decease. 

If  mther  aged^  this  might  be  proper  enough.     There  are  several  inptances  of  Hutiic 

monnments  thus  raised  to  li¥ing  peraonsi,  sometimes  by  the  builder  to  himself*     But 

time  must  also  bo  allowed  for  her  to  have  acquirtxl  her  title  of  "  Denmnrk^s  0<yt,** 

(darling,  help).     Tradition  wiys  she  accomplishe^l  this  by  her  great  tnilitory  wall, 

.  sod  by  long  preparation  for  three  times  three  yesre  of  terrible  famine,  somewhat  like 

,  to  Joseph  ui  the  land  of  Pharaoh*     1  need  not  discuss  the  historical  truth  of  thette 

LitatemcntA,     I  only  mention  them  as  shewing  that  this  title  must  have  been  given  her 

'  ««y  maity  years  ofler  her  marriage*     The  oxaet  year  of  this  marriage  we  do  not 

kncnr.    Supposing  she  were  then  twenty  or  twenty-dve,  and  that  more  than  tbe  same 

nnmbir  of  years  faa>1  pasted  from  the  famine  and  its  remedy  and  the  great  Dancvirke, 

.  ebe  would  be  about  firty  or  sixty  when  the  mound  was  constructed.     This  would  bring 

Ha  fery  near  the  close  of  the  ninth  century.     Professor  N,  M.  Petersen  (DanmarlcM 

SUtorie  %  Medenotd,  2nd  ed.,  8vo*,  Kjobenhavn,  1851,  vol.  ii.  p.  3i.)  guesses  that  she 

may  have  married  Oorm  in  the  year  8S8,  but  we  have  no  chronological  help*  of  any 

kind.     Earlier  than  about  the  year  900  this  stone  could  not  have  been  carved* 

Next  as  to  the  colossal  stone  announcing  tlte  foct  that  the  second  hoy  was  raiwd 
over  King  Gorm  and  Queen  Thyre*  It  is  tbe  largest  and  most  splendid  Kunic  monu- 
ment in  all  Scandinavia,  and  is  three-sided;  the  brood  side  is  covered  with  largo 
Kunes,  the  second  side  with  a  Dragon  and  cable-knot  ornament,  the  third  with  a  large 
figure  of  Christ,  intertwined  with  similar  twist-work*     It  is  as  follows  :— 

HARALTB   KrNUKR   BATH    KAUBTTA   KTBL  THArsi 

AFT   £rBl£   FATHUB   SIK   AITE   AFX  TUJBUEVI   irUTKni 

BIXA   BA   UARAI.TE  IA8  SM{?b)  IT  AN   TAK  MAUEIU 

(Second  side,  below)  ALA  AUK  Ktr&UI  AK. 

(Third  side,  below)  AUK  t(?a)N T  CfilBTKiS. 


420 


Correspondence  of  Sylvanns  Urban, 


[Oct:^ 


Haraltr  (HaraM)  king  lade  gar  (mnke)  Kumhet  i&it  after  (to)  Kurm  (Gon&)/ill«p  ' 
hk,  and  after  Thiturvi  (Thyre)  mother  hijt,  that  Harald  as  (who)  tQ-himseff  ^oam  Ikm^ 
mark  all,  and  Norwatf^  and  Dane-ijoik  let)  C^rktem* 

With  a  couple  of  exceptions,  all  the  Rune«  ftre  perfoctly  dirtinct.    The  oolj  do»H  I 
U  as  to  the  tmr  in  sitr,  (the  a  is  pretty  sure^  the  r  is  doabtfal,)  imd  the  lunt  wonU  ] 
but  Qne«    A^r  long  aud  carcfally  examimn^  the  stonei  and  compfiriDg  tt  with  tho 
copy  given  by  Worm  more  than  200  years  ago,  who  mys  that  the  /  nnd  the  k  were 
then  quite  plain,  1  think  we  should  read  tajjajulk  lit,  (he  Dane  folk  lei  CkriMt^n^ 
equal  in  tlie  old  phraseology  to  Chrieteitedj  ChrUtutnixed  the  Danish  people. 

Now  it  ha«  hitherto  been  univer»ally  supposed  that  this  stone  was  set  up  by  King 
Ha  raid  Blue- tooth,  Gorm's  son.  Bnt  this,  in  xny  opinion  ^  is  a  mistake^  Let  na  care^ 
fully  exAmiue  the  exact  words.  We  have,  first,  a  rormnla;  and,  Beoondly,  oertmn 
fitntements. 

1.  The  formula  is  :—{a)  '*  Harald  King,"  **  That  Harald  who,-*'  (6)  «  bade,"  Now 
it  appears  to  me  itnposHiblo  for  any  tomb-raiser  living  on  the  spot  to  use  langnago 
like  thra.  To  Bpcak  of  himself  as  "  That  ♦  .  .  who  •  .  ,"  would  be  strange  indeed. 
That  he  should  my  *'  hade"  also  clashes  with  the  epio  directness  of  these  ancient  tlniea^ 
We  might  have  tAKTHi,  made,  as  on  Gonn*s  monument,  or  ur  kabfa,  lei  maket  aa 
so  common  elsewhere,  aud  which  is  identical  in  meanings  hut  not  bath  eaubfa. 

2,  Next  the  etaiements.  These  are  three : — (a)  We  are  told  that  That  Rarald 
wan  i^  himfelf  all  Denmark;  (i)  and  NorwHyi  («?)  and  Christianized  the  Danes. 
Now  the  carlie*t  date  for  c,  the  hist  of  these  events,  would  he  after  965,  when  H&rald 
himself  h  supposet!  to  have  been  baptized-  But  frum  that  period  to  his  death  in  96S 
Harald  was  engaged  in  continual  wars  and  tumults,  and  had  Uttle  time  for  snpeim*  , 
t<^[lding  the  erection  of  so  enormous  and  costly  a  stone. 

Both  i\i&  formula^  then,  and  the  statementet  plainly  point  to  something  long  past. 
But  this  is  Bupported,  further,  by  tradition  and  by  the  dialect  of  tho  inscription.     The 
tradition  is  preserved  by  8axo  GrammaticuB.     He  iclla  us  distinctly  that  Harald  was 
anxious  to  raise  this  monumental  stone,  and  found  in  Jutland  a  colossal  granite  block 
suited  for  the  purpose,  which  he  determined  to  employ.     He  harnessed  to  it  a  vast 
number  of  both  men  and  oxen,  and  ordered  them  to  drag  it  to  Thyre's  grave.   Thyre'a 
grave  was,  therefore,  already  in  existence.     Meantime  his  son  Swain  (Fork-beard)  w«S 
in  rebellion  against  him.     One  of  his  officers  arrived  fh>m  the  fleet  fitted  out  fbr  the 
transport  of  the  stone.     He  asked  him  h  hcther  he  had  ever  seen  people  drag  so  eiior- 
mous  a  block  ?     "  Yes,"  answered  the  sailor ;  "  that  stone  is  nothing  to  wlia-t  I  have  I 
just  seen  carried  away,     I  was  present  when  men  drew  away  from  thee  the  whole  I 
Danish  kingdom.     Judge,  king,  whicii  was  the  greater/'     So  the  king,  as  Saxo  addf^  | 
let  the  stone  lio^  nnd  hurried  to  arms.     But  it  was  too  late.     He  lost  battle  on  buttle^ 
and  at  Inst  fell,  pierced  by  Falne-Toke's  arrow,  in  985. 

This  is  surely  decisive.  Harold  did  noi  sacceed  in  carving  and  setting  up  tho  Runic 
monument  ^. 

•*  Trtiditloii  long  held  fast  to  this  Htatemeut.  But  it  localized  the  stone  thus  aban* 
doned  by  the  king  in  two  dilTeront  plaoea.  In  the  fourteenth  centory  a  Latin  anther 
mentions  that  the  block  was  still  in  existence.  Pontoppidau  (Den  Dantke  Aitast 
torn.  v„  KiSbenhavn,  1769,  p.  !>62)  repeats  the  story  :—**  On  Bekke  Mark  lies  a  very 
large  stone  with  some  holes  cut  through  it,  which  King  Harald  Bluetooth  wished  to 
remove  to  Jicllinge,  but  was  hindered  by  his  foes."  The  larger  of  the  stones,  to  whlok 
this  tradition  was  attached,  has  long  since  been  broken  up  and  carried  awny;  tho 
smaller  one  is  itill  pointed  out  One  of  these  may  have  been  the  identical  blocks  or 
it  may  have  been  neither;  the  gize  and  "holes**  may  have  led  to  the  story.  King 
8wain  may  have  selected  another  nearer  at  hand.  That  any  Bekko  stone  shonld  have 
been  the  one  cho^*n  by  Uandd  creates  a  difficulty  as  to  the  ilnpa.    It  is  not  likely  that 


|«^L^ 


186L] 


Recent  Excavations  in  Denmark. 


421 


Bat  tbe  dialect  of  the  atone  b  equally  cir press.  Wo  can  plainly  diatinfukh  a  dif- 
HefeQoe  of  form  in  ecrtAia  words  as  given  on  the  smaller  and  older  and  on  the  larger 
and  later  tnonmDient>  a  dilFerence  in  the  language  which  it  would  take  a  full  century 
to  develope,  a  change  aa  marked  »»  betw^een  Cbaacer  and  Shakespeare,  or  Sbake>4penre 
»tid  Milton ;  in  Denmark  corresponding,  for  ioataDce^  to  the  spelling  of  Chriaticrn 
Ped^nen  aa  compared  with  Ilalherg,  or  of  Holborg  ai  compared  with  that  now  used. 
1  refer  to  a  particular  breaking  of  the  long  vowel,  a  diphthongal  instead  of  a  iiinglo 
vowel-iound  in  certain  worda.    Thus, — 

The  Qld^  Stone, 
KABTHI,  past  tensot  pointing  to  an  influitivc — kabua. 
TiittRtJi,  prop,  name,  nc.  a. 
THUSI,  pron.  ac.  a.  n. 

The  Later  Stone, 
EAFBUA,  ijjfiuitive,  ijoiuting  to  a  pant  tense — KAtTBTin. 
TH^UBtn,  prop,  name,  ac.  b, 
THi,rai,  pron.  ac  s.  n. 

It  may  here  be  observed  that  eonfn^ion  has  arisen  from  making  this  ikttd^  or  (htimft 
an  aociiiative  plural,  thus  apparently  signifying  hoik  ho^a^  wliieh  is  of  course  absurtL 
If  plural  at  all,  it  would  refer  to  the  boy  and  tlie  stone,  taken  as  one — memorials.  But 
this  is  not  the  case :  it  is  singnlur.  ^^''e  find  this  pronoun  in  the  oldest  ScnndiDavian* 
Runic  TOonnments  spelt  thajti,  thasi^  tkausi^  ihorif  ihujfi,  &c.,  &c.,  for  all  g^^'ndersi  we 
must  not,  therefore,  bo  misled  by  kuhl  (kmnhel)  being  ncnt<.'r.  The  pronoun  is  used 
for  ncut-er  singular  as  well  ns  masculine  and  ft-minine.  It  is  properly  a  feminine  sin- 
gular, like  the  Mccso^Gothic  thch,  (the  ^i  is  a  mere  enclitic,)  and  hxis  gradually  L«en 
med  promlBcuously.     Tiie  Runie  monntnents  are  full  of  proofs  of  this. 

There  is  also  another  sign  of  diahct,  if,  as  is  likely,  the  krUina  should  be  a  verb  in 
the  infinitive ;  it  is  then  an  instance  of  the  Danish  infinitive  in  €B  gradually  creeping 
in,  instead  of  the  older  form  in  a,  itstlf  shortened  by  elision  from  the  stiU  older  Old- 
Korthem  infinitive  in  att, 

Bui  if  King  Harald  did  not  erect  this  stone,  who  did  ?  Undoubtedly  bis  son  and 
incoCBior,  King  8wain,  (Forkbeard).  The  intentions  of  King  Harald  were  %voll  known; 
the  block  was  even  selected  and  on  its  way  to  the  coast  for  sinpmcnt  to  Yeilo.  Swain 
began  to  reign  in  985,  and  died  in  lOli).  Some  time  would  elapse  after  bis  aocenion 
before  be  could  attend  to  such  pe^icfful  details ;  we  *hall,  therefore,  not  be  for  wrong 
in  placing  his  solemn  inauguration  of  this  monument  at  about  the  year  1000 :  there 
wHl  thus  be  about  one  hundred  years  between  the  two  stones,  quite  sulficient  to 
iOoooTit  for  the  difTerence  of  dialect. 

If  wo  now  sum  up  these  remaiki^,  it  will  appear  probable, — 

1,  That  Gorm  raised  the  first  mound  and  stone  as  a  cenotaph  in  honour  of  lu§  queen, 
who  had  become  famous  and  beloved,  intending,  if  be  survived  lier,  to  deposit  her 
within ; 

2.  That  Thyre,  in  nccordance  with  tradition,  outlived  hiraj 

8.  That  Harald  raised  the  second  monod  to  bis  father  at  his  death,  and  to  bis  mother 
at  ber  death,  and  prepared  to  erect  the  stone  commemorating  the  fact; 
4.  Thot  his  own  death  prevented  this  latter  part  of  his  filial  duty ; 


he  would  sail  all  round  Jutland,  flnt  northward,  and  then  down  aoutbward  again  to 
Veile.  Tlie  distance  to  Holding  and  Veile,  the  nearest  porta  from  Bekke,  is  almost  the 
same,  and  the  nearest  way  to  JajUinge  would  have  been  by  knd'Cftrriage.  If  the  stone 
lay  higher  up  or  lower  down,  it  could  have  been  best  transiiortcd  to  KoUling  towards  the 
south,  or  llorsens  towurds  the  north,  and  thence  by  sea  to  Wile  and  by  land  to  Jaillinge. 
Either  tbcT«  were  no  Bhipt,  or  the  Eekke  stone  is  merely  a  popular  localization. 


422 


CofTeqfondenee  of  Stflvanut  Urban, 


6.  Tlisi  Bmib  took  an  etjlj  ofyportmiity  of  fiwiilifnf  tlie  vorlc.  tnmn>ortrd  Ibt 
granite  Modi  to  JsUtnge,  hw  to  Iti  prcpper  cmtIo^  mod  dfconitioD  wiUi  dzri^iasi 
omssieata*  fivm^d  tbe  imeripflkm  In  •  tmthfiil  and  raffwetlbl  manner, 
npceMoniorOepaf^— «bnde'  and  <  tbat  UArmld  wlKv'--U»aa  p\malj 
he  merely  bad  carried  Into  effect  hii  fsther'i  wen-known  plana  and 

M  to  tbe  place  for  tbe  stone,  I  think  it  bat  alwayt  been  vbera  It  now  ctandi,  quite 
ekae  to  tbe  dionb.  HanUd,  at  bia  ocniTcrnon  to  Cbnatkmty,  donbdew  nieed  oo  bii 
paternal  eftate^  for  lua  own  nae  and  that  of  bia  fkmilj  and  eocutiers^  a  Chrirtian  temple 
of  wood,  afterwaida  replaced  by  tbe  praaent  church  of  stonek.  Bat  any  removal  of  tbe 
atoQCv  eitber  to  the  top  of  tbe  barrow  or  elsewbere,  would  be  fbdndden  by  the  eaor* 
mona  fize^  terrible  wdgbt,  and  unwieldy  abape  of  the  momiment,  Any  aooh  reskovd 
would,  to  take  the  lowest  argnment,  bare  expoaed  it  to  aeriooa  injnay :  for  tbe  ma» 
reaaofi,  no  one  would  now  think  of  moving  it ;  tbe  riak  of  damage  woold  be  too  grcnt, 
beridee  tbe  nseleaneai  and  impropriety  of  any  change. 

That  abont  B60  yeara  nnce  was  oected  thia  magniiieent  Danlih  Bancetoot^  the 
proadest,  Urgert,  and  noblest  Hanic  moanment  in  all  ScandinaTia,  and — with  the 
single  exception  of  the  OU-Englifh  Hothwell-Bewcajitle  Runic  Croat  ««  U  teA* — in  aU 
tbe  Nortb.  May  it  Icmg  remain  the  pride  and  boast  and  ornament  of  Old  I^enmark* 
a  lasting  memorrial  fur  aU  tbe  children  of  tbe  gallant  Nortbem  racea ! — I  am*  ^ 

Ckeapin^Jkaven,  Sejfi,  7,  186L  Geobqe  Stefexs^ 

FoHicripL — Since  writing  the  above^  I  perceive  that  I  have  been  aniidpated  in  my 
idea  that  tbe  stone  was  m^i  raised  by  Hitruld.  In  hie  paper  on  tbe  Danertrke  Hnne< 
stone,  {NordUk  Umver*ii^*'TitUkri/f,  \w,  1,  1858,  p,  84»)  Professor  Tborseo  says: — 
'•  Without  doubt  it  was  first  be  [King  Swain]  nbo  really  erected  the  gigantic  monn- 
nient  to  Gorm  and  Tbyre,  which  Uarald  Bluetooth  had  wished  to  raisei  Certain  it  ia 
that  as  this  last  king  did  not  succeed  in  bis  plan, — and  this  isaanrted  by  onr  historical 
records,  and,  what  is  still  more  important,  by  tbe  inscription  itself, — ^no  one  was  more 
likely  to  bavo  taken  up  and  carried  out  his  plan  than  his  own  snn."  Prof,  Tboraen 
has  not  gone  into  any  further  details  or  arguiDcnts ;  but  what  be  has  said  ia  soiBcieiitt. 
Sheltered  by  the  authority  of  this  great  mnologist,  I  now  regard  wy  Tiew 
trustworthy.    The  stone  was  erected  by  Swain  and  not  by  Uarald. 


I 


Kb.  Ubbait,  —  Nothing  seems  to  be 
known  for  certain  about  the  birth-place 
of  WycliOe.  We  were  told  not  lung  ago 
by  a  writer  in  the  "Gnardian,"  that  Le- 
land^s  statement,  that  W^ycliffe  was  born 
nt  Spreswell«  had  lately  gained  accept- 
aooo  from  tbe  discovery  that  a  village  of 
that  name»  with  its  chapel,  existed  at  tbe 
latter  end  of  tbe  last  century,  about  a 
mile  and  a-half  from  W^clllfe. 

As  I  was  walking  through  that  neigh- 
bourhood in  the  esriy  part  of  the  smnmer, 
I  net  with  an  int«lligctit  cuniitrymnii  at 
Ovington,  who  niidtd  at  WycliJTis,  and 
wna  informed  by  htm  tlmt  n  imdition  was 
pfasenred  in  his  fiuwiiy  (%vbicb  bml  been 
■ittled  at  tlie  latter  villago  for  four  geue* 


BIRTH-PLACE  OF  WYCLIFFE 

rations)  that   Wydiffe  was  bom  in  the 


parish  of  that  name,  and  in  a  honse  whi^ 
stood  in  a  field  called  *' Sandbams." 
afterwards  passed  through  Wyclifle,  and 
inquired  for  this  field.  It  lies  next  to 
the  manor-house^  The  old  high-rood  for* 
mcrly  skirted  it,  hot  about  twefity-ftv« 
ye4in  ago  (so  I  was  informed)  tbe  road 
was  altered,  and  carried  through  it.  There 
is  no  boose  stnndlng  in  it  at  the  pretent 
time.  Can  any  of  yoar  readen  oibr  te- 
ther confirmntion  of  tbe  truth  of  thidi 
tradition  ? — I  am,  6lc 

W.  B.  Ci^ 

Se^i,  4,  ISai. 


1^ 

nd^l 


Vandalism  at  Rochester, 


MARMITES, 

Mk,  Usban.— I  enclose  yoii,  by  wiiy  of 
illusinition  of  tbe  Abl)^  Cochet's  article 
on  Bronze  Marmites,  (niitc,  p.  254,)  & 
sketch  of  a  curious  grariwtono  of  the  four- 
teenth century,  preteiYed  in  tbe  Hospi- 
tinm  of  St.  Mary ^9  Abbey,  Yorlc,  now 
forming  port  of  the  MuBeum  of  tlmt  city ; 
upon  which  are  represented^  on  either  side 


of  «n  omameDtftl  eron  floury,  a  bdl  and 
a  three-l«gg«d  pot,  probably  indicating 
thftt  the  penoti  to  «rho«6  meutory  the 
•tone  wai  ifictied  wa«  a  metAl  fouuder^ 
and  hence  that  the  pot  wm  of  metal,  and 
not  of  (sartbenwuro,  I  have  not  before 
met  with  represeuiatioDa  of  these  oKicles 
on  grave^touea.    A  list  of  the  dUTorent 


insLrDmeiit«  represented  on  gravegtonca 
of  this  kind  would  be  corioiis  and  tn- 
Htructive. — I  am,  kc,, 

J.  0,  Westwoodw 


VANDALISM  AT  ROCHESTER, 

Mb.  Urban, — You  no  doubt  have  heurd 
of  tho  liHVOC  ttiat  ia  being  made  with 
what  remains  of  tho  city  wnU  of  Rochester, 
and  that  uiucb  irreraeditible  miscbicf  hfU 
been  done;  but  there  is  one  more  bar- 
hariMm,  as  yet  only  projected,  which  may 
pofifiibly  ho  prevented,  if  public  attention 
is  called  to  the  uintter» 

For  %he  purpose  of  enlarging  William- 
son's Mathematical  School,  large  portions 
of  the  town  Willi,  near  the  former  Eiist^ 
gate,  have  been  destroy ed»  They  were  of 
medieval  origiUt  hut  tbe  core  of  the  Roman 
wall,  denuded  of  its  fudtig  stones,  waa 
also  hiid  open,  and  it  was  so  impervious 
that  tho  engineers  from  Chatham  were 
employed  to  blast  it  with  giinpowder. 

Snch  destruction  of  nntiquitics  has  been 
teen  before  now  in  Rochester,  particularly 
a  few  yetrs  ago,  when,  in  making  tbe  rail- 
way throQgb  the  heart  of  tbe  town,  the 
critj  wall  was  cut  througli,  but  it  was  re- 
served for  the  presotit  day  to  outdo  all 
;  rmer  otroritiea.  Tbe  escavatiows  have 
liiid  bftre  the  lower  part  of  a  tower  at  tbe 
eastern  angle  of  the  city  wall,  tho  miisonry 
of  which  ia  of  two  dates,  and  wbicb  is 
quite  worthy  of  preservation.  The  civic 
authorities  evidently  think  so,  as  they  are 
having  it  cleared  out  and  udapted  to  nse* 
But  this  projected  use  you  will  hardly 
guess — it  is  by  them  designed  for  a  rcw- 
pool  i 

1  bat  such  a  piece  of  Vandalism  should 
be  oonteiaplated  AiTorib  a  proof  Unit  love 
for  antiquity  hoa  not  ois  yet  been  deve- 
loped in  the  Rochester  corporation  by  the 
nrcbssoloi^cal  gatherings  that  yearly  take 
place  in  Kent,  on©  of  whicli  was  held  not 
very  long  ngo  in  their  own  city*  A 
body  conitituted  as  municipal  corpora- 
tions either  were,  or  are,  seems  totally 
unfit  to  be  entrusted  with  power  over  even 
the  humblest  monument  of  our  national 
history.    The  former  Conservative  corpo- 


I 
I 

I 

i 
4 


434 


Correspondence  of  Sylvanus  Urban, 


[Oct. 


ration  suffered  the  railway  company  to 
sweep  away  as  mnch  as  they  pleased  of 
the  city  walls,  hut,  to  do  them  justice, 
they  were  not  guilty  of  such  a  barbarous 
insult  as  t^ie  present  Liberal  destructives 
offer  to  all  who  have  any  regard  for  the 
past.    The  disgrace  of  its  proposal  must 


ever  attach  to  them,  and  they  are  pro- 
bably too  obtuse  to  care  much  about  that, 
but  I  trust  that  the  voice  of  public  indig* 
nation  will  be  heard,  and  will  be  effec- 
tual in  preventing  the  execution  of  their 
notable  project. — ^I  am,  Ac, 

BOFFBNBIS. 


"BIFOBIETTA  AND  WITTA." 


Mb.  Ubbak, — ^Allow  me  to  express  my 
surprise  that  so  staid  a  personage  as,  after 
so  many  years'  labour,  you  have  become^ 
should  have  admitted  into  your  pages 
such  an  article  as  that  with  the  above 
title,  which  appears  in  your  last  August 
number,  p.  181.  Surely  it  is  no  answer 
to  Mr.  Waloott  that  because  in  the  nine- 
teenth century  half  England  pronounces 
"before-gate"  before-yett,  the  word  bifo- 
rietta,  used  in  the  twelfth  century  for 
ante  portam,  should  be  the  Latinized  form 
of  this  "before-yett."  What  Mr.  Free- 
man  should  have  shewn  is,  that  at  this 
latter  period  the  Anglo-Saxon  words  in 
use  for  "before-gate"  were  convertible 
into*'biforietta." 

With  regard  to  the  tombstone  of  Witta, 
Mr.  Freeman's  pleasantry  is  equally  mis- 
.  placed.  What  has  hitherto  been  affirmed 
is  ttmply  that  a  stone  termed  the  Cat- 
stone,  near  Edinburgh,  is  inscribed,  iv 
(h)oo  T(v)inrLO  jao(b)t  vbtta  p(iLiva) 
VICT  .  •  .  .,  and  that  in  the  genealogy  of 
Hengist  and  Horsa,  in  the  Saxon  Chroni-  . 
de,  their  grandfather  Witta  is  said  to  be 
the  son  of  Wecta. 

The  probability  of  the  identity  (indeed 


even  of  the  existence)  of  the  personages 
recorded  in  these  two  documents,  depends 
upon  several  circumstances.  Any  person 
in  the  least  accustomed  to  lapidary  inscrip- 
tions will  admit  that  that  of  the  Cat-stone 
is  very  close  to  the  Roman  period.  That 
it  is  in  Latin  is  only  in  accordance  with 
the  common  custom  of  the  period,  as 
•hewn  in  scores  of  contemporary  British 
or  Romano  -  British  stones,  with  which 
Mr.  Freeman  is  doubtless  well  acquainted. 
That  two  such  unusual  names  should  thus 
appear  in  conjunction  as  father  and  son  in 
two  independent  documents,  is  strong  cor- 
roboration of  their  existence  and  identity. 
The  matter  however  is  in  good  hands, 
and  Mr.  Freeman  will  doubtless  in  due 
time  be  enlightened  upon  the  other  diffi- 
culties wluch  he  has  stumbled  over.  In 
the  meantime^  as  he  seems  fond  of  at- 
tempting derivations,  perhaps  he  will  en- 
deavour to  discover  who  were  the  Vectu- 
riones,  and  whence  their  name  was  de* 
rived.  This  will  perhaps  help  to  clear  off 
a  little  of  the  mist  in  which  he  is  in- 
volved.— I  am,  &c., 

J.  O.  Wkstwood. 
Oxford,  September  14, 186L 


THE  CANDITCH. 


Mb.  Ubbak,— In  Mr.  Parker's  paper 
on  the  Walls  and  Fortifications  of  Oxford, 
contained  in  the  August  number  of  your 
Magazine,  (p.  113,)  mention  is  made  of 
the  *<  Canditch"  as  partly  surrounding  the 


castle.  I  should  be  glad  if  you,  or  any  of 
your  readers,  would  inform  me  what  is 
the  meaning  and  derivation  of  that  word, 
which  I  believe  is  not  peculiar  to  the 
Oxford  ditch.— I  am,  &c,  J.  S. 


10 


1861.] 


425 


C|)e  iSotf'fioofe  of  ^glbnuUiJ  Bibm, 


[CTrttfpr  thU  title  are  eolhcied  hrief  noiet  of  maiiert  of  current  antiqttarUin  interett 
which  ffo  not  appear  to  demand  more/ormal  treatment,  Stltanfs  Urbas  invitet 
the  kind  ro-operaiion  of  hi9  Friends,  who  may  tkM  preserve  a  record  of  many  ihingt 
that  tPQuld  otherwise  pass  atcai/J] 

Mft.  EoBERT  Cole's  Collbctiok  op  Autoqrapits  and  MSS.— The  first  portion 
trf  lliis  very  remarkable  collection  was  dispersed  by  Messrs.  Put  tick  and  Simpson, 
in  August  last.  The  following  may  be  noted  as  among  the  most  intercatiDg 
articles : — 

'*Afton  Braes,"  song,  in  tlie  autograph  of  Robert  Bums— 3/.  G*,  Several 
Trndesmen^s  Accounts,  incurred  by  Burns— 5/.  5/r, 

Autognipb  Letters  and  Papers,  relating  to  Caroline,  Queen  Consort  of  George 
the  Fourth,  in  nine  vols,— 51/,  These  papers  form  a  secret  history  of  this  cau3€ 
cMehre, 

Sir  Francis  Chanirey'a  Ledger-book  of  the  busts,  monuments,  aod  statues 
executed  by  him — 3/.  5j, 

A  volume  of  Autograph  Letters  and  other  papers  illustrative  of  the  biography 
of  celebrated  criminals — UA  10*.  This  volume  contained  a  receipt  signed  by 
Francis  Bluckbeard,  Jonathan  Wild,  and  other  rascids,  for  blood-money,  received 
of  the  sheriffs  for  the  conviction  of  Tliomas  Draper  and  Saoiycl  Davis,  1718 ;  also 
a  document  in  the  hand-writing  of  Eugene  Aram. 

A  Deed  signed  by  Daniel  De  Foe  and  his  daughter — 4/,  10*,  A  Letter  of 
Br.  Donne,  Dean  of  8t  PimFs — 8/.  h»,  A  short  Letter  of  Oliver  Cromwell  wliile 
captain— 6/.  10*.  A  Letter  of  Gibbon,  the  historian — 5/.  2^.  ^d.  A  Document 
bearing  the  signatures  of  Nell  Gwynn  and  Otway  the  poet — 57,  \hs. 

An  Indenture  signed  by  Handel,  bcmg  an  indenture  engaging  to  return  in  as 
good  order  as  when  received  by  him  from  the  Tower,  the  large  kettle- drums  lent 
to  him  bj  order  of  the  Board  of  Ordnance,  for  the  use  of  the  oratorios  at  the 
King's  Theatre,  in  the  Haymarket,  Jannary  IS,  173S-0 — U.  4*.  A  Letter  of 
Handel  to  the  Ordnance  Office  Keeper,  Tower,  dated  ten  years  later,  again  solicit- 
ing the  loan  of  the  drums — 10/.  15^.  These  doeumeuts  are  curious  ba  shewing 
the  mean  resources  of  the  opera  orchestra  in  those  days. 

A  Letter  of  David  Hume,  containing  particulars  of  ihe  incoherent  conduct  of 
tlifi  insane  Marquis  of  Annandiilc,  who  was  then  under  Hume's  care — IL  2*.  Crf. 

Three  Letters  of  Dr.  Samuel  Johnson,  addressed  to  Lewis  Paul,  inventor  of  the 
spinnTng-machinc — 31/.  Ifi*. 

A  Lctt4?r  of  Flora  Macdonald,  who  aided  the  escape  of  Prince  Charles  Edward, 
witli  some  other  papers,  all  relating  to  the  subscription  set  on  foot  for  her  benefit 

A  Letter  of  Sarah,  Duchess  of  Marlborough — 3^.  8«, 

The  Corrcsijondcnce,  Letters,  and  Papers  of  Lewis  Paul,  originally  of  Birming- 
ham, the  inventor  and  patentee  of  the  machine  for  spinning  cotton  and  wool  by 
moans  of  rollers — OS/,  fut. 

Original  Letters  and  Correspondence  of  Sir  Michael  Stanhope,  whilst  Lietttcnant- 
Gewt.  Mjio.  Vol.  CCXL  3  f 


the 
him  m  m  PfuypM  o^  i 
taie  tloi  wiA  a  pMommih,  «di1  m  oinaoa  noile  ofcr  it,  j 
white  ftboei^  Titlind ftolei and  be^  and  nd  nliboBk    Tie  tvn elder  i 
were  also  faoUaticallj  dzaped,  bat  YtmoM  letcaM  bcr  wlcad  cImivb  Id  lie  arlfilcr 
of  ocki;tial  beaatj.    Anotber  Ktuarkable  patntfof  repreacntod  a  Siljr  i 
a  beaatifu]  aieepiag  figure  of  Aiiadne,  towarda  vhoB 
jritii  a  tnuiDplimt  atr,  folkrved  bj  a  jojooft  troop  of  nj 

''In  tlie  lioaie  next  to  tlie  one  I  have  just  mentiQiied  iiie  deooraiiooa  on  Ike 
vaOa  are  tafeiior,  bot  the  6k^tci»  fouad  vt  of  great  vslue  and  inicml^  In  llie 
atrium  appeara  a  marble  table,  supported  bj  two  legi  findj  carred  in  Ibe  fam  of 
winged  liooe .  There  is  also  on  a  pedestal  a  weU-eiecuted  bas^  probaUj  tiiil 
of  the  proprictorf  with  the  name — C.  Gomeliits  Rufos.  The  mo^reaUfi  treasoret 
dkeorered  ooastst  of  two  bronae  busta^  endentlj  Ukeneases,  presenting  the  pectt- 
liaritj  of  glass  and  amber  eyes, — these  are  now  in  the  Natioiul  (fonnerlj  Bor- 
bonioo)  Museum,— a  Urge  fragment  of  a  bronze  cabinet,  with  sii  knobs,  eleguittj 
worked  into  busts  of  bacchantes  and  faons.  The  bottom  of  the  inside  of  tlus 
cabtnei  was  of  gold,  and  it  contained  two  but  ions  or  medallions  of  gold,  rcpne> 
aenting  the  bead  of  Penelope  on  an  enamcUed  ground.  There  was  also  a  Urge 
gold  ring,  with  a  oomelian  intaglio  of  Hercnlea,  of  Greek  cbiscL,  and  the  uaroe  of 
iht  c^graraTf  an  addition  which  always  enhances  the  ralue  of  such  works.  Several 
O'her  rings  were  fouod,  and  about  sixty  siWer  coin?.  As  a  coutiaoAQoe  of  the 
fteaco  dMXiratiims  in  their  uooofercd  exposure  to  the  atmospbcre  would  tof&ltib|y 
lead  to  their  deatruetion  in  a  feij  abort  time,  it  has  been  revoked  to  rentoTC  the 
Jb^t  of  (Hem  to  the  moscnrn ;  and  thi^  will  be  ejected,  not  by  »awuig  out  a  pliroe 
C»f  the  wall,  as  heretofore^  but  by  trati&ferriiig  the  picture  to  clutb  according  to  tht 
method  now  in  practice  at  Rome,  n  h<^Dcc  two  skilful  artists  in  that  delicate  process 
bare  lately  arrited  to  undertake  the  ctperalion/'— i/oni/ny  Posi, 


aa^ 


13G1,] 


The  Note-book  of  Sylvanus  Urban, 


427 


Excavations  at  Gifpord  Ca&tle^^TUis  romantic  olil  ruin,  situnted  witliin  (lie 
policies  of  the  Marfjuis  of  Tvveediialc  at  Yebtcr,  is  at  present  tlie  sccae  of  sumc 
Tcry  interesting  excaTations,  conducted  nndpr  the  personal  superiutcndenco  of 
Lord  GiFord,  The  excavations  are  directed  to  the  object  of  ascertaining  I  ho 
grouudplaa  of  the  ancient  courtjartl,  the  floor  of  wl\ich  \\m  been  covered  to  the 
depth  of  many  feet  by  the  accumulutcd  deposit  of  centuries.  The  courtyard,  so 
far  as  can  be  asccrtaiocd,  Rppenrs  to  have  been  of  very  considerable  extent,  en- 
closing an  area  of  one  hundred  feet  by  sixty,  or  thereabouts.  Only  a  compara- 
tively small  portion  of  it,  at  the  northern  end,  has  yet  been  excavated,  but  the 
discoveries  already  made  give  reason  to  hope  that  before  they  are  oonjplcted  mueh 
Hl^ht  will  be  thrown  on  the  internal  structure  of  this  interesting  rerunanl  of  the 
Middle  Ages.  To  antifiuaries  who  have  visited  the  ruin,  the  **  Goblin  Ha*  *'  under- 
neath the  castle  has  always  afforded  nial  ter  for  curious  speculation.  Was  it  eon- 
nected  in  a  direct  manner  with  the  upper  [jortion  of  the  cistie,  or  was  there  ever 
any  other  entrance  than  that  whieh  is  at  present  obtained  through  a  narrow  portal 
in  the  face  of  the  bank  overlooking  the  glen  P  These  surmises  luive  at  length 
received  their  solution.  In  the  course  of  the  excavatious,  a  staircase  was  un- 
oovcred  leading  dowu  from  the  courtyard  to  the  ground  level  of  the  Goblin  Ila*, 
The  ste]i5  at  the  bottom  terminate  at  a  doorway,  in  the  some  style  of  architecture 
as  the  fntenor  of  the  subterranean  chambers  ;  and  no  doubt  can  therefore  remain 
that  ibis  was  the  principal  access  to  the  hall,  though  the  uses  to  which  it  had  been 
put  still  remains  as  great  a  mystery  as  ever.  A  great  quantity  of  bones,  teeth,  &c., 
much  decayed,  were  uncover td  at  a  depth  of  souie  feet  from  the  surface.  They 
appear  to  be  principally  the  remains  of  aijimals,  and  »o  human  bones  have  been 
Eeen  among  them.  One  or  two  boar  tusks  were  found  among  the  other  relics. 
Two  bullets  have  also  been  brought  to  li^ht  in  the  course  of  the  excavations.  One 
of  these  is  made  of  stone,  and  the  other,  much  the  largest,  of  iron, — Haddington' 
shire  Courier, 

BiscovEnr  at  Worcester  CATJiEDitAL. — In  the  progress  of  the  works  for  the 
restoration  of  Worcester  Cathedral^  a  curious  discovery  has  recently  been  madu^ 
Ibat  of  a  coffin,  with  the  remains  of  a  human  beiug,  embedded  in  a  wall  of  the 
edifice.  As  the  workmen  were  pulling  down  a  portion  of  the  north  wall  of  the 
north  aisle  of  the  choir,  they  discovered  a  liollow  about  six  feet  long,  with  a  cotlin, 
whicli,  on  being  exposed  to  the  influence  ol  the  atmosphere,  crumbled  to  pieces 
and  disclosed  a  perfect  skeleton,  which  had  evidently  btx'u  lying  there  for  ccntu. 
ries.  It  was  completely  enclosed  in  the  masonry.  The  coflln  was  of  elm.  The 
bones  were  quite  brown,  and,  of  course,  there  were  no  vestiges  of  tlcsli,  but  the 
remains  of  some  garments  were  delected,  and  the  soles  of  a  pair  of  abocF,  or  more 
probably  sandals,  for  no  upper  leather  was  fouud.  The  le^ither  was  perfectly 
tough,  and  had  been  very  little  worn.  The  body  w^as  lying  with  the  heels  to  the 
east  and  the  head  to  the  west.  The  arms  were  placed  across  the  chest.  The  body 
was  tliat  of  a  full-grown  adult — ^probably  a  person  of  middle  age,  as  one  of  the 
teeth  had  been  lost  in  the  Ufctime  of  the  subject.  The  head  was  large,  and  the 
body  must  have  )jccu  about  live  fett  eight  inches  in  length.  Underneath  the  wall 
l»  au  entrance  to  the  crypt. 


428 


HISTORICAL  AWD  MISCELLANEOITS  REVIEWS. 


Pictnra  of  Old  EttiM**d,  By  Dr.  Reix- 
itOLi>  Pauli,  author  of  "  Uialory  of  Alfred 
the  Great,"  &c.— ^Xlacaullan  and  Co.) 

It  is  a  real  adTaatage  to  have  pictures 
of  Old  fioglotid  drnim  by  an  intelligent 
fbreignor  like  Dr.  PauU.  Ho  bos,  &s  ia  well 
knowD,  b«en  long  engaged  in  the  com- 
pilation of  a  '^Hiatory  of  England  in  the 
Middlo  Agej,"atid,  irith  the  pAinstaking  of 
A  thorough  Gormnti  scholar,  he  has  collected 
a  mass  of  material  that  cannot  well  bo  ujcd 
except  incidentally  in  that  work,  yet  is  fur 
too  valuable  to  bo  withheld  from  the  pub* 
lie  The  present  rolume  is  a  sample  of  his 
BtoroSj,  and  we  trust  that  it  will  meet  with 
such  a  reoeptioD  as  it  deserres,  when,  no 
doubt,  the  author  will  easily  bo  induced  to 
favour  uj  with  at  least  another  aoriea. 

The  pre^nt  volume  oonUiiua  twelve  obap- 
terSf  or  sections,  or  whatever  else  the  author 
pleases,  for  he  hjia  given  no  name  to  his 
divisions,  and  they  may  bo  said  to  embrace 
ttie  whole  period  of  the  Plautagenet  rule. 
The  Srst  ia  dovotetl  to  "  Canterbury  and  the 
Wonhip  of  St.  Thomas  Beokot/'  which  is 
iiuccoeded  by  '^Monkaf  and  Mendicant 
Friars/'  Then  we  have  *'The  PH.rlinmenfc 
in  the  Fourteenth  Century/  aHor  which 
Oiomes  "  England's  earliest  Relatione  to 
Austria  and  Prussia."  This  19  appropriately 
followed  by  "  The  Emperor  Louis  I V,  and 
King  Edwiu-d  IIL,  and  *'The  Hanseatic 
StoeNyard  in  Loodon/'  "  King  Henry  V., 
and  King  Sigismund,'^  '*Tbe  Muid  of  Or- 
leans," "Duke  Humphrey  of  Gloucester," 
each  occupy  a  section, — oa  also  do  *'  Two 
Poota,  Oowcr  and  Chaucer,"  ''John  Wic* 
11 F/'  and,  perhaps  the  most  pleasing  sketch 
of  the  whole,  *^  London  in  the  Midillo 
Agoa" 

Of  course  the  reader  will  be  prepared  to 
BOO  all  those  nubjects  treated  from  an  in- 
ienstely  German  point  of  view,  porticuiarly 
if  he  has  rejid  the  "History  of  Alfred." 
Still,  there  is  very  much  to  interest  in  the 
volume,  and  the  author  shews  every  where 
a  good  kaowledgo  of  his  subjects,  even 
though  be  must  bo  charged  with  pushing 
his  Oermftuiiing  too  fur.  As  a  specimen  of 
tho  work,  we  sehjct  a  part  of  hli  accmmt  of 
the  early  relations  of  FngliintI  with  Prussia, 
as  at  once  lo^^  known  and  nUo  more  ro* 
muutic  tUti  that  which  pi-ocodes  it  about 


Austria,  After  sketching  tho  transaclions 
of  tho  English  crown  with  tho  empire  of 
Germany,  and  more  particularly  with  tho 
Hapabwgs,  the  author  proceeds : — 

*Mt  was  not  until  the  four  tee  nth  century, 
when  tho  middle  cUbase^  had  bogim  to  nwert 
their  ireedom  in  England,  and  wIicju  Ku^lisli 
merchants  and  English  mari ft  '       ere 

bcgrinning  to  compete  with  1  co 

of  every  other  part  of  the  1  jM, 

that  the  want  of  relatiou  wa&  Lir»t  k«E»euljjr 
felt,  which  existed  between  the  great  pn- 
vileges  which  the  Hnmieitic  tr.iders  nad 
maaaged  to  a'^quire  for  themselves*  in  foreign 
lauds,  and  tbe  »UB]>icioiia  distnist  which 
they  showed  to  all  foreigners  wboatteiuptetl 
to  take  iwrt  in  the  monopolv  of  tli©  lli^iltlc 
tmde.  The  English  naturally  de^red  to 
posaeas  similar  rights  to  those  which  they 
gnmted  to  others  in  their  own  sea^,  iind 
they  bail  already  for  some  time  established 
omucriumB  on  the  ooa^t  of  Norwrty,  and 
hati,  in  common  with  the  other  Hauseattc 
traders,  acquirod  the  right  in  Bc^vuia  of 
fiiihing  ever  a  certain  extent  of  water,  and 
of  salting  their  herring  on  the  shore.  From 
these  unoipial  privileges  arctse  those  dif- 
ferences, whicli  lasted  beyond  the  middle 
ages,  and  which  have  not  a  little  conUi* 
buted  to  tho  downfall  of  tbe  Hansoatio  Coti' 
federation.  The  Prussian  cities  iiccupied 
in  the  meantime  »  remarkable  pfi^jitioni  in 
being  defiendent,  on  tlie  one  hand,  on  Lu- 
beck,  as  one  of  its  colonies,  while  on  the 
other  hand  they  recognisetl  the  Gmnd 
Master  and  tho  Order  of  tho  Teutanio 
knights  as  their  feudal  chiefe,  Tho  interests 
of  both  parties  were  necejisarily  Si'metimeJ 
at  vonance  j'for  while  the  Hanaeatic  league 
desired  to  come  to  an  understanding  wrth 
England,  tho  Order,  at  any  r^  '      '  as 

it  was  at  the  height  of  its  )  ^as 

anxious  to  bo  the  head  of  »  1  .    m  do. 

jjendtnt  policy,  even  in  regard  t*>  the  liri- 
tlsh  dominions, 

"Tliis  complication  of  intoreits  rose  to 
a  danprerous  height  at  a  time  wheii  EngUnd, 
after  having  long  enjoyed  tho  adv;iijL<t-efi  of 
tho  fhr-sightcd  policy  of  the  1  ij-n 

of  Edward  ill.,  fell  imder  tht  ird 

IL,  whose  iBcapaoity  and  tui.xM,,,.,  ..^iped 
to  undermine  bis  throne  on  every  »ido, 
whilst  Prussia  in  tho  mo  inwlsHo  wns  rnidor 
lh«!  sway  of  the  renowt]e<l  Wi'  iv^ni- 

prode.     Thee.L+ two  princes  u  ljl* 

rh;iisi'*>  1    civiUtles   and    t.i-.-  ,.|.y 

1  ■'  sending  h  ,ti» 

t  .   :md    tlio    ■  ;rir   i 


ttirhuiire»  of  guvwniuieut  Ijy  \ 
Wtts   thoQ  distracted.    The 


JSGl.] 


^auTt's  Pictures  of  Old  Eni/lond. 


429 


\ 


that  oountiy  took  ndrantage  of  tbo  utatc  of 
paanng  cTeote  to  raise  the  duties  on  foreign 
tnkda,  and  to  lajy  on  unjust  euibarj^  upoa 
goods  coming  m>m  the  Uaii»e»t.ic  tonma, 
while  thfi  oommoD  ueamen,  incito.i  by  a 
genuine  Englkh  hatred  of  foreigners, souy^ht 
evtsry  opportunity  of  pickinLt  a  nuanrol  with 
tho  Himseatio  traders  or  tho  Prussinna  in 
the  port*  where  they  met,  whether  at  homo 
or  abroftd,  goLog  not  mi£rtt.juently  to  tho 
length  of  rubbery  and  munit-r.  It  wus, 
ibereforo,  decided  at  a  meeting  of  tho 
Owiinoil  of  Lubock,  in  tho  year  laru,  that 
nil  relittous  of  trade  shouJd  bo  muipetided 
until  the  old  condition  of  things  was  re- 
eatdibli«hod.  The  coiiSo<|uonce  was  that 
every  urticloof  Eii^'Iish  protiuco  in  the  Baltic 
bad  an  eiabargi:)  luid  upon  it,  while  tho  timlo 
with  Praaran^  where  indeed  there  hod  always 
been  moet  ground  ""or  oomphiint,  was  on* 

t'l-  '  '   Tiod  fir  several  roars.      The 

n  Master  remained  firm  iind  un- 

«^'  policy,  although  be  had  lost 

no  ujipikf Luiiity  f*f  trying  to  irapro^  better 
priuciploi  nn  the  King  of  Knghuid,  his 
uncle  the  Duke  of  Ldncai^tcr,  and  the  civic 
authoriticss  of  London.  His  successor,  C«u- 
rad  Zullncr  von  Butenstein^  followed  in  hia 
f(>otstep!t,  so  that  the  morchauLH  on  both 
wdo«  were  doomed  to  feel  iiif>at  sensibly  the 
eviti  of  this  Busp'jnsiou  of  trtide.  Attempts 
Hero,  however,  made  in  the  year  l*i86  to 
feive  ftt  more  comprehennive  arnuigoments 
by  mean  a  of  negocuitions,  and  the  English 
wta-e  the  first  to  draw  up  a  series  of  com- 
plaints ;  while  the  Frussiaiui,  loss  dispocied 
to  adoiit  reoonciliatory  mea«ures  than  the 
Hnoecatio  traders,  who  hoped  to  effect 
a  ootnpact  on  the  ground  ut  their  ancient 
privile^pea,  adranced  miiny  count erchargea 
of  their  own.  Tntil  the  English  woiUd 
agroB  to  bring  their  woollen  ituTO  Qnder  le« 
Ututed  cunditiona  to  the  £lblng  market* 
the  ex}}ortatton  to  England  'of  the  most 
fmporlant  Baltic  produoU,  such  as  corn^ 
wood,  tar,  aiid  potash,  was  strictly  forbid- 
den»  It  was  not  till  the  year  i:iS8  that  any 
understanding  was  arrived  at,  when  .the 
Manseatic  towns  and  English  trodera  baring 
found  these  disturbanoes  of  trade  perfectly 
intolerabto,  both  parties  saw  themselr» 
obliged  to  make  common  cause  ag:!kinst 
wmllar  procoedingt  in  Flanders,  At  length, 
on  21st  of  AnguBt,  a  new  treaty  of  oommeroe 
,wa8tiign»1  at  Alarienburg  betwoen  Eq^ood 
and  Prussia,  in  which  uroriBion  was  made 
for  oompeuaatlon  for  all  tbo  inoonveniences 
that  had  been  suffered,  for  tho  arljustment 
of  ftirtber  difTereDQes  by  legal  measures, 
and  for  the  oontinoonee  of  the  unmoiestea 
intercourse  which  bad  formerly  eitsted.  The 
advantages  of  the  monopoly  remcdned  en- 
tirely on  the  side  of  the  Kfttt  Germans,  as 
long  as  the  Steeb  Yard  in  London  maintained 
its  extraorilinanr  privik'gOiS  and  it  needed 
all  the  violent  diaturbjinces  of  the  fifteentli 
ooDturj%  when  tho  Order  fell  under  the 
power  of  Poland,  and  Enghud  had  been 
almost  d(»troy«il  in  the  want  of  tbo  Roses, 
before  tho  ri.44tioiH  of  commerce  coold  bo 
thoroughly  and  cfTegtlToly  remodelled. 


"  Before  these  moa^uroa  could  be  effeotetJ, 
however,  a  peculiar  intercourtso  of  another 
kind  had  been  established  between  tho  two 
eoun trios-  Tho  support  which  England  had 
afforded,  from  tho  days  of  Hermann  von 
SalKa^  In  the  Cruaadas  against  tho  heathens, 
had  never  been  entirely  vuspended;  but 
had,  on  the  contrary,  recoivetl  a  new  and 
more  animated  impulse  after  the  cessation 
of  the  Crua,ide«  in  the  East,  and  was  now 
directed  towards  the  opposito  end.<of  Euroise 
both  against  the  Mours  in  Snalu  and  ttio 
Li thiian lans  in  Prussia.  Engl iJi  knigli ts*  and 
lords,  in  the  fulfilment  of  their  vows,  or  to 
satisfy  their  thirst  for  adventures,  followed 
the  f»une  routes  and  traversod  the  same 
dlHtrict*  which  had  been  long  trodden  by 
their  mercantile  countrymen  in  the  j^rosecu- 
tion  of  their  oomraerciid  undertakings,  Tlio 
pleasant  sketii:h  that  Chaucer  has  drawn  of 
the  knight  of  those  day  a  kIiowb  how  niuoh 
it  was  then  tho  fu$hion  to  go  forth  on  such 
expeditions  to  PniHsi.-i,  and  how  familiar  the 
use  of  certain  words  connected  with  German 
travel  bad  become  ;  for  tho  [joot  says— 

*  Fut  uflCQ  trme  he  ha  tide  tbu  bord  bygonoe 
Abovcn  alU*  niu^tounF^  in  rruee, 
la  Lettone  hsddo  he  re^tfU  sad  in  Rucc.* 

♦' Richard  IL,  when  ho  endeavoured  to  como 
to  some  arrangement  with  the  Grand  Master 
of  tho  Teutonic  knights,  expreai^ly  refers  to 
this  fact,  and  says  it  otight  to  be  rcniem' 
bored  with  gratitude,  thut  many  EngHsh 
knlghtfl  and  a]uirc.%  without  heo  ling  tho 
risk  to  life  and  property  which  thcv  incurred, 
have  at  all  limes  twen  ready  amf  willing  to 
help  the  ti^rman  knights  in  their  contest! 
witn  the  unbelievers. 

''  No  sooner  had  those  commercial  diffl. 
oulties  been  removed,  than  tho  English 
began  to  resort  to  the  country  even  more 
frequently  than  of  old.  A  prince  of  the 
royal  blood,  the  oldest  son  of  John,  Duke 
of  J^neaster,  who  was  then  known  a»  the 
Earl  of  Derby,  and  who  suh«eaiu<ntly  raised 
himself  to  the  throne  as  the  first  of  a  new 
dynasty,  liraded  an  expedition  of  this  kind 
in  the  vear  1390.  He  may  perhaps  havo 
been  led  to  the  idea  by  tlio  example  set  by 
hia  matomal  grandfather,  Henry,  Duke  of 
Lancaster,  who  ha«l  gone  to  Pm«*sia  in  \^bt\ 
certain  It  is  that  throughout  the  whole  or 
his  life,  tbb  prince  showed  a  strong  inollua- 
tion  to  Qgbt  as  a  soldier  of  tho  Cross ;  bo 
may  also  very  probably  havo  found  it  ex- 
pedient to  absent  Idmself  for  a  time  from 
home,  as  he  bod  already  begun  to  take 
a  part  in  the  political  opposition  that  hod 
been  raised  ogiunst  the  misrule  of  his  oonsin 
lUchard  U,  Whatever  his  reasons  may  havo 
beou^  the  prince,  as  wo  learn  from  hia  own 
circumstantial  diarv  of  the  expenses  of  hia 
journey,  undoubUnily  left  England  during 
tho  summer  of  that  year,  and  einbarked  at 
the  head  of  several  huniHred  men,  incJodtng 
knights  and  soMicra.  on  board  some  Prus  tan 
^"esaels,  reaching  Uauztic  on  tbo  lOth  of 
August*  where  be  procured  tho  eqiiinmente 
and  Bupplies  neeQasary  to  enable  nim  to 
toMb  &liajgiberg  with  all  poasible  speod. 


i 


WW    %\\ 


430 


Miscellaneoui  Reviews. 


[bct3 


Fi-om  tbonco  be  wu  io  prooeed  under  the 
g^iiiilaoco  of  Engelbttrd  Rabe,  tbo  Mnmhiil 
of  tho  Onlcr,  a^iinst  Lithimnta,  which  had 
Irieen  allied  with  Ptdan^l  ;  tbe  object  of  tlio 
o^tpedilioti  being'  to  rehistAtc  the  bnnifihed 
Duko  VVitowd.  They  now  only  wiiite  I  for 
tbe  arrival  of  thci  foreign  vol  tin  tee  ra  from 
fJerniany,  FrancNj^  and  Eng^lmid,  and  when 
nil  were  as4»emble<U  the  luigjjrago  and  sup- 
plies were  sent  by  ship  along  tho  Hatfj 
while  tViQ  knif^hta  and  tbeir  retinue  set 
forth  in  the  kttor  end  of  AugtiiJt,  through 
tho  desolate  districts  of  Kau  on  the  Memol, 
where  they  appear  to  have  had  a  hut  en|^ng^> 
tncnt  with  the  enemy  on  Saturday,  the  27tb, 
Tho  fortrcMia  of  Wllna  wtwholcagiicred  all  tho 
month  of  September,  until  tho  bad  seaHon 
of  tho  year  brought  the  campnii;^  to  a  cloae 
without  any  specijil  rt^iU.  Iho  £ny:lish 
Earl  returned  to  Kohig?«birg  on  the  2flth 
of  October,  and  we  learn  from  account* 
which  be  hivl  to  settle  there  for  tbe  trans- 
port and  keep  of  his  men,  that  at  least  one 
of  hia  men  had  been  kilte  i  in  battle^  that 
three  youtiis,  thcwnsof  a  LiLhimuinn  noble- 
man,  had  fallen  into  the  hands  of  tho 
Enj/lLsh  prinoei  and  that  two  Pruseian 
knights  were  by  order  of  their  Marshal  in 
attend  anee  upon  the  Barl. 

*'Hoiiry  mjtnt  the  next  thi-ee  or  four 
months  in  Koui|piborg,  and  seems  to  hAve 
installed  bimsell  rf'gtdarly  there  for  tho 
winter  season.  We  6ud  that  tho  interral 
between  C^iristmas  and  tho  Epiphany  was 
spent  iu  accordance  with  the  English  custom, 
in  fea&ting^  sports,  and  merriment  of  every 
kind.  He  would  not»  however,  undertake 
ft  second  expedition  a^nst  the  heathens, 
but  devoted  several  weeks  to  travelling 
through  the  country.  It  was  in  the  course 
of  this  journey,  in  February,  i3'.'l,  that  he 

Kosscd  through  Braunsbei^  arid  Elbing  to 
[arienbnrg^j  whence  he  went  to  Dir&chau, 
and  then  down  the  Vistula,  to  Danzio,  Ho 
did  notsoe  the  aged  Grand  Master, Zoll nor  ron 
Itotoii stein,  for  he  ba/l  died  of  some  linger- 
ing disease  in  the  month  of  Au^st.  His 
successor,  Conrad  voa  WallenroJ,  was  not 
choMn  tiU  the  12th  of  March,  when  his 
electioQ  bv  the  knights  took  place  at  Mnrien* 
burgr,  and  he  lost  no  time,  in  aocord^moo 
with  tho  usual  custom,  of  making  a  present 
af  several  falcons  to  the  foreign  prince,  who 
nf ter  fightitig  so  bravely  for  the  Order  was 
now  about  to  leave  Prussia.  Henry  spent 
the  whole  of  ^farch  at  Daniiic,  where  he 
Was  probably  deUxinod  by  illua«,  as  wc  infer 
from  an  indication  given  ua  by  tho  kccpi t 
of  bis  accounts,  fnjm  whom  ho  Ic'orn  otuor 
ihiogs  still  more  worthy  of  notice.  The 
Earl  of  Derby's  herahi  had  been  despatcijcd 
to  demand  from  WIndislav  Jngclln,  the  King 
of  Pol'Uid,  the  rcatitution  uf  t**o  English 
kid^hts^  vffho  hkul  fallen  into  his  hanrls 
during  thp  vfnr.  An  English  ht-rald  al-*o 
arrives  with  a  message  twin  Henry's  uncle, 
Ibe  Buke  of  Gloucestor,  who  ba«i  Ptartod 
in  ^h©  nflrti(*v^rr»n  n  similnr  cr'i^i'Ie,  but 

f» 
I. 


an  Enf^dish  sea-cap  tit  n,  tliat  his  constirt  hat  I 
gi%*en  birth  to  her  fourth  son,  Uuinphroy,  f 
the  future  Dukj  of  Gloucester.  | 

"  Henry  spent  the  Easter  at  Pnnsic,  oa  i 
which  occasion  he  gave  rich  alma  to  iJia  I 
fuur  principal  churehea  of  iho  i^jwti,  in  rotnra  | 
for  which  Poj»e  Boniface  IX,  'jmntf*«1  liim  I 
abr*olution  fr-'tuhis  vow  to  tn"  j  liia 

CruAvtle^.    Sotm  afterwards  1  !  on  _ 

hii*  homeward  voyage,   an  (  ,  adiig 

safely  landed  at  lluil,  he  hnai«tied  to  hw 
castle  at  Bolingbroko. 

*•  When  thispnnoe  ten  years  iif 
became  King  of  Enghmd,  he  di 
thorouLfh  ao(|Uaintaiice  with  the 
of  public  aBairs  in  Pnissia,  during  thw  uuMiy 
very  complicattid  negoeiations   which  arruie 
between   his  own  country  an  I    *'      '-  * 
on  tho  Baltic.  He  was  n\^y  l 
any  reputation  wlio  ntailo  u 
North  Sea,   ami   on   this    ric^ji.aut    >ptn^ 
atten'ion  is  due  to  the  rolatiufi!)  which  «(tb» 
listed  fietwi>en  Henry  IV.  and  tho  PruasLio 
authorities."— <PP.  181—13^) 

Those  to  whom  this  extract  may  appear 
neither  teo  long  nor  uninteresting,  may  b« 
assured  that  they  will  find  o-pially  curious 
matter  m  every  part  of  the  book,  which 
we  heartily  reoommeod  them  to  study  lor 
them  solves.  i 


m.  By  William  Whewkll,  D,iy.  VoL 
III.  Tlio  Republic  and  the  Tim»?us  (Mac- 
millans), — We  have  on  two  former  occasions 
noticed  the  early  volumes  of  this  mastorly 
work,  and  wo  are  glad  to  learu  frum  the 
author's  preface,  that  the  public  baa  r^ 
ceivod  them  m  favourably  that  he  boa  been 
induced  to  proceed  with  his  labours,  and  to 
afford  the  English  reader  tho  op{K>rtuuity 
of  judging  of  the  answers  which  Plato  gave 
to  his  own  questions  as  set  forth  in  tbe 
Dialogues.  Tbe  ethical  system  of  Ptato  is 
now  completed,  and  wo  have  a  ktud  of 
promise  that  the  remaining  Dialogues,  as 
the  Banquet,  tho  Theo^tetua,  and  llio  Craty* 
las,  shall  follow.  We  trust  that  it  fuay  bo 
so,  and  then  the  "divine  Plato**  will  bs 
thoroughly  intelligible  wherever  the  EngtUh 
Uognage  is  spoken. 

The  nature  and  content^  of  tho  [ 
volume  are  thus  stated  by  !>r.  Whewell :— 

*' Those  Dialogues  differ  ifi  +i  •  •  "*-  -^^^ 
8uh>taiico  fi^m  lijoso  which  J 
pubii»ho<i,  in  Uiat  they  art?  U" 
potdtivo,  not  critical  niert'ly  but  construc- 
tivo,  IVo  previous  Clansie.*  of  llie^  Dia- 
logues—th«'  r>i  .5"  nv^  nf  the  Socmtic  School 
and  tlic  Am  Dialo^e*— are  em- 

plnyed  in  .,  -y-A   th'pncfvtn:*   dcll- 

:,^   and    ^'i'U.  ^-'d  ; 

lio  other  LI  u- 

I.  .--i   with  tbe    ^,..^-  ,.„-.  Sj- 


18G1.] 


liichardaon's  Polar  liegions. 


431 


I 


cm*-"  -^^*  fns  hwdlyftny positive  doctrino 
ex  t  tbe  lmmort;\lity  of  the  SouL 

11  s  DOW  prc3C'iit<Ki«  on  tho  other 

liftiul,  iiic  full  of  poaitivo  doctrinos,  ethical^ 
pf>(ittaU»  and  physicalj,  fjiven  uion^  xtWo^ 
tbeir  pn:)re««cti  proofs.  Tko  Iiep>ihlic  con- 
tfiiim,  e»i»e  isUly,  a  theory  respecting  the 
ftiiuidniioD^  of  momlity  wlueh,  if  tniej,  Btip- 

SHcw  an  answer  to  mtiny  of  the  questions 
iscusatid  in  the  previous  Classes  of  DiJi- 
)o^iei$.  In  those  prenous  Cliissos,  Plato 
WHS  in  search  of  ethical  defiuitionaiind  othi- 
cs&l  tniths;  la  the  RepuUiCf  he  eooccives 
himself  to  have  found  such  definitions  and 
ftueh  trutlta.  There  he  was  an  ontiulror 
and  a  critto :  here  ho  La  a  theorist  and  a 
moralist . .  ,  » 

'  I  civnDot  but  beliero  that  the  English 
der«  though  ho  may  sometimes  be  diAnp- 
pin  ted  with  the  re»ultA  of  Plato's  speenln- 
aa,  will  find,  in  that  portion  of  the  Pla- 
tonio  Diiilo^rueB  which  I  have  nowcoraplote<:l, 
tk  very  striking  body  of  writings.  It  appears 
ti7  ma  also  that  these  writinp*  li^cconio  more 
striking  by  being*  taken  in  the  order  in 
which  I  have  presented  tliem.  The  pointa 
diMjuased  in  the  Lftcheg,  the  Chitrmuifx^  the 
/jyt£*,  tlie  ffmilt,  the  AtcibMdrs,  though 
inVulrin^  weighty  questions,  are  in  a  groat 
degree  juvenile  puKxles,  belonging  to  an 
early  stage  of  Moral  Philosophy,  Afkor 
tht'Bc,  the  fine  dramatic  dolineationg  of  other 
moral  teacher*  and  disputant*,  Ptoti»gora«, 
Prodieua,  Mijipifis^  GorgiaSi  Polufi,  Ion, 
llufLsyniaehns^  form  an  extmordinarr  gal' 
lery  of  philoatipliical  portrattii.  And  this 
depiction  h  farther  grace<l  by  a  lofty  ton© 
of  virtuous  rcsolvo,  as  in  the  (Jorfftas,  and 
by  a  thorough  enjovment  of  literary  beauty 
and  litemry  playfulnesa,  as  in  the  Phwdrut ; 
vrbilo  thr  ugh  aU  there  nms  a  steadfast 
nascrtion  of  tbe  gn»at  doctrine  of  the  Immor- 
tallty  of  the  Soid,  predated  as  tbe  belief  of 
Soerntes  in  the  great  tragedy  of  his  death, 
the  PktKdo<,  and  again  urged  in  various  my* 
ibologioal  fbnns  in  tlie  Gorgia$t  the  FhttdruB, 
and  tlie  Ripnblk  ;  add  to  this,  subtle  aitecu- 
latiuus  concern ing  the  aonl  and  its  facul* 
ties,  anticipating  the  mo^t  acute  analysoe 
of  modern  psychologists: — and  wo  have.  I 
think,  matter' in  which  the  English  roivder 
ma}'  find  grounds  for  an  admiration  of 
Plato,  and  a  pleasure  in  reading  him,  not 
altogether  dinproportionato  to  the  reputa- 
ti(m  which  belong  to  his  naiite/' 


The  Pnhir  J^tfjioM.  By  SiH  JOH>*  RlCHARtU 
-fOK,  LL.D.  (Bdinburgh:  A.  and  C.  Black). 
— No  one  can  nvk  more  highJy  as  an  author 
ritytparctic  suhj acta  than  Sir  John  Richard- 
ton,  and  accordingly  we  were  glad  to  see 
an  article  from  his  pen  in  the  recent  editiun 
©f  the  £nrffchp€tdin  liritannlca.  This  ho 
has  now  amplified,  and  given  to  tbe  publio 
in  the  form  of  a  handsome  8ra  volume, 
which  offers  a  connected  view  of  tbe  pbysi- 
oal  geography  and  ethnology  of  the  areas 
oompriacd  within  the  north  and  Mntlh  polar 


ciroli**,  and  of  the  progress  of  discovery  by 
which  our  knowledge  of  the  extremities  of 
our  globe  lias  been  attained.  To  do  this  in 
the  compass  of  a  single  volume  must  havo 
boon  no  cosy  task,  biit  it  has  been  done, 
and  well  done  too.  As  compression  has 
heen  greatly  studied,  the  work  docs  not 
admit  of  extracts  that  will  give  a  fair  idea 
of  its  value,  and  instead  of  doing  violence 
to  the  author  by  forcibly  detaching  a  pas- 
sage here  and  there,  we  prefer  to  refer  the 
reader  to  the  iKn^k  itself,  every  page  of 
which  will  well  repay  perusal,  whetbt-r  wo 
seek  for  loforiuatton  as  to  the  e-iriieat  or 
the  latest  of  the  polar  expeditions. 


MSomftMn^for  Eren/body  ;  and  a  Onrhtnd 
/or  (hi  Yrar.  By  John  Timos,  F.S.A, 
(  London  :  Look wt tori  and  Co),— The  general 
character  of  Mr.  Timb$'  numeroas  books  ia 
too  well  known  to  require  any  particulajiia* 
tinn  at  onf  hands,  and  we  naed  only  say 
that  this,  hi.-i  la-t,  is  quite  oqnid  to  the  rest. 
The  Garland  for  the  Vmr  may  be  taken 
05  a  risumi  of  tbe  labours  of  William  Hone, 
but  with  quite  enouj^h  alteraiiou  and  addi- 
tion to  redeem  Mr  Timbs  from  the  charge 
of  being  a  mere  copyist  Other  parts  of  the 
book  are  devoted  to  visits  to  eelebratod 
plaoes,  as  Brambletye,  Hatfield,  Windsor 
Castle,  Kew,  Kicbmond,  JJeopdone, — nil 
places  about  which  we  can  bear  to  bear 
again  and  again  without  wearine^a  The 
Someddjuj  for  EifryUuiy  is  more  full  tlian 
might  bo  expected,  for  Mr.  Timb«  di^rutca 
a  few  of  his  final  pi\gea  to  a  collection  of 
^'  Prompt  Ilemodiea  and  Small  Services," 
where  the  reader  may  learn  how  ho  should 
not  venturo  on  medical  hooks ;  huw  to 
master  impediments  of  specob  ;  how  to  al- 
leviate the  sting  of  nettles;  bow  to  "keep 
off  the  goose-skin  feeling  f  and  ef^unlly  to 
avoid  pitting  from  small-pox,  and  sea  sick* 
neas ;  the  remedy  for  the  last  not  being 
the  very  obvinus  one  of  keeping  on  shorOi 
but  ''abasia  of  soup  tnado  very  hot  with 
cayenne  peppor."  The  book  goes  on  from 
beginning  to  end,  treating  all  mannor  of  sub- 
jects, so  that  he  must  be  hard  to  please 
indeed  who  finds  nothing  to  amuse  him. 


Ovr  Ent/liih  ffomt :  it*  earl  if  Uhtorif  and 
PrvffrtM.  (Oxford  and  London  :  J.  U*  and 
Jas.  Parker.) — Wo  are  glad  to  see  that  this 
really  valujible  little  work  has  reached  % 
second  edition.  On  its  first  appearance  wo 
spoke  of  it  in  torms  of  well-deserved  praise. 


I 


4 


432 


Mucellaneoua  lieviews. 


and  a  glanco  over  it  agAin  oonfirma  omt 
good  opiuioD. 

Bohni  Ilivttmted  Library.  Wo  have  re- 
cently roooiveil  flevonil  of  the  bandsotnoly 
priotod  5s.  voliimoa  that  Mr.  Bohn  is  briog- 
ing  out  under  the  above  title.  Among  tbem 
wo  would  partieulnrly  meotion,  Longfelhw^t 
Po^mx,  containing  the  GLmous  OoHen  Ijegcnd 
ivnd  Miles  Standish's  Courtship  j  MiltoH*» 
Pod  teal  IVorl'*,  amply  annotated  by  Mr, 
Bolm ;  tmd  BoMthej^n  Life  of  A*elson,  wHch, 
beaido  a  portrait  and  antograplii  has  soveml 
spirited  engravings  printed  iu  colours.  Such 
works^  which  ar©  at  once  valuftblo  in  them* 
Belvea^  attractively  got  up,  and  low  in  price, 
are  a  welcome  $iddition  to  tho  store  of  read- 
ing that  Mr.  Biihn  bus  for  so  many  years 
been  engiigcd  in  providing  for  the  public. 


Q«arterljf  Inder  aj  Current    Literaturt* 
3amp8on  I^w  and  Co.) — We  noticed  tbia 


vory  useful  publication  some  limo  ago*,  and 
ventTircd  to  predict  for  it  tho  eucoeaa  that 
it  wcU  doaerveji.    We  are  «orry  to  see,  from 
A  *'  Special  Notice  "  appended  to  tho  lut 
Niiinlwr,ihat  wc  were  wron^ln  thia,  and  that 
literary  men  arc  likely  to  lose  a  convenient  j 
and  trustworthy  source  of  infonnation.  W«  ' 
hope  that  mich  may  not  bo  the  ease,  and 
reprint  the  concluding  paragraph  of  tho  . 
notice  in  quedtioni  in  order  to  call  attention  | 
to  tho  Bubject : — 

"Tlie  Proprietor  are  not  without  the  | 
hope  that  thj«  announcement  will  induoo 
the  fHends  of  their  Quarterly  Index  to  ob- 
tain an   accession  of  subeoribcrs,  or  elicit 
some  other  expression  of  npprocifttion   ta  I 
induce  tliom  to  persevere  with  its  complo-  j 
tiun  and  issue,  oven  at  a  higher  price  rather 
thjin  to  abandon  it* — 47,  Lud^H  Hid,  Jtt/y 

•  Oujit.  Uaq,,  June,  IBilO,  p.  016w 


APPOINTKENTS,  PREFERMENTS,  AND  PPOMOTIONS. 


The  daUs  are  those  of  the  OaxctU  in  tchich  the  Appointment  or  Eetum  appeared. 


EcCLSSIABTtOAL, 

Sept,  5.  Canffi  d*ilire  to  thi?  Dean  and  Cbnpter 
of  thi?  cathedra]  ehurch  of  DurliiLizii  empow  cring 
them  to  elect  &  Bi«Iiop  of  that  *ce,  the  same 
twing'  Vf'id  by  the  death  of  the  Hon.  and  Iliiyht 
Itev.  Father  in  God  Dr.  Henri'  Montagu  Vtlliem, 
la  to  Btfthop  thereof ;  the  Right  lU'v,  Father  in 
God  Dr.  Cliurlcs  Baring,  now  Hishop  of  CHouccster 
Rnd  Bmtol,  rccommi'Dded  to  be  by  them  elected 
Bi!«tiop  of  the  said  s«o  of  Durham. 

Civiu,  Naval,  axd  Miutabt* 

j*«^.  27.  Pleld-Marahal  Yisceunt  ConibermrrPj 
G.C.B,,  Homrtioic  Commaadcr-in^ChEof  of  tlie 
Forces  in  the  East  IndiM ;  itad  Gen.  Sir  Oeorjie 
PoUixk^  G.C.B,  who  commanded  the  Briiixh 
forces  which  adranccd  to  Cabal  fn  1842»  and 
•omrlime  Member  of  the  Council  of  the  Governor- 
(^envml  of  India,  to  be  KnifrhtA  of  the  Moet 
Kxaltrd  Order  of  the  SUr  of  India. 

Wntliim  Hackett,  esq.,  to  be  II,M/s  Adrocate 
for  her  fort*  and  •ettlementx  on  the  Gold  Coast. 

Alexander  Macnab,  efq.n  lo  be  Surveyor  of 
t^blic  Works  for  the  Ulaod  of  Grenada. 

Ch^itlen  Ucnry  Fowler,  e*q.,  to  t>e  Cdonial 
Surgeori  fmih*'  T-lrtnH!  of  Si.  Hrlena* 

A*tii  nuto  MatbBW,csq.,now 

n  M , ' '  lod  Donsal-Gt&rrol  lo 

**'"   f  -tutft,  NicarAfnia,  Cofta 

*  rid   SnJvidor,   to  be  H.lL^t 

M  ii«ry  lo  thcsr  llcpubUei. 

xMr.  UUijli   hkuiili  approved  of  iw  Coniul  U 
Dundee  for  the  tajtcd  &Uti.«  «f  America* 
II 


8ept,Z.    Don  Manuel  Colartc  ppprored  of 
Yice<^3oiuul  at  Keweostle  for  H.M.  the  Qiiees  of' 
Spain. 

Sept.  10.  Mr.  James  £dwia  Graham  a]}prQTe4 
of  as  Cooral  at  Sydney  for  II. M.  the  King  of. 
Italy. 

Mr.  Samuel  Whitinf^  approved  of  as  Consul  at 
Nsaun.  New  rrovidence,  for  the  tTnited  htatet 
of  America, 

S*>pt.  13.  James  ConiJdinCt  etq.,  to  he  BJ£.'« 
Consul  at  Mahon. 

SfjtU  17,  Capt.  Hugh  Dunlop,  R.N-,  to  be  an 
Ordinary  Membrr  of  the  Civil  Division  of  the 
Third  Ctass,  or  Companions  of  the  Most  Bom 
Order  of  the  Bath. 

The  non,  Arthur  HamJUeta  Gonlott,  C.M.O. 
to  be  Lieat,-Goremor  of  the  ProHnee  of  Kew^ 
Brunswick. 

Eobcrt  WiUlam  Durand  Molr,  e«q.,  to  be  Cou- 
miarioner  of  the  Court  of  liequesti  and  Piiliee' 
Mafrirtrate  for  the  Distrkt  of  Mullctivue,  In  the 
Island  of  Ceylon, 

Eran  M ant » true  Balllie,  otq.,  now  Seorfrtsry  to 
n,M.*i  IxgtitioT  St  Rio  de  Juni'iro,  to  b«  Sccff-i 
tary  to  H.M/e  Legation  at  Stuttg^rdt. 

Don  Howard  Fo\  np  proved  of  as  Vk»*OeilBlil 
at  FaUnooth  for  the  Republic  of  Co*ta  Bjea. 

Mr.  Aleicttndr  r  J.  Soutj!o»  approved  of  »•  CoQfltii 
at  Malta  for  H.M   the  King  of  Qrerac. 

Sept.  20.    Mr.  John   T.  Neal  approvt^t  of  m 
Coaanl  at  Kinj^^tun,  Jasiaica,  for  the  V\ 
Statfs  of  Amterka^ 


i 


18G1.] 


433 


BIRTHS. 


JuHM  24.    At  SbBlijehanporp,  Tndia,  the  Hon, 
9dlr«,  Robert  DnimmonJ,  prematurely*  anon. 
JtiJff  9.    At  Rangoon,  I  he  wiXe  ul  Mnjor  Uetirf 

July  13.  At  AlmoriLli,  the  wife  of  Buctt  W. 
Colrin,  ««i.,  a  son. 

At  Kumichee,  Soinde,  the  wife  of  J,  Qorring^e, 
••q.,  M.D.t  Surgeon  Ist  Butt.  4th  (Rlng'it  Own) 
Bcfft^  ft  dAa, 

Jntg  ly  At  Ladder  bilU  St.  Helena,  the  wife 
of  Cttpt,  PhillippA,  R,A.,  a  dan* 

Jutjf  17,  At  AnftiA,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Ilamllton 
Forbe«,  e  dau. 

Aufi,  17.  The  wife  of  Capt.  Rotwrt  IUch»rd«, 
Bombajr  Armjt  o  m^* 

^H^.  19,  At  Great  Yarmouth),  the  wife  of 
Jamev  Bar^rnw  Hnriiaan.  e«q,.  a  dan. 

,4iv.  *>.  At  Whitohtl^e^^  Salop,  the  wife  of 
the  Rer.  John  D^it  Fi»h,  a  son. 

At  Wroxbam,  Norfolk,  the  wift  of  Capt.  John 
Pentoa,  of  the  B4lh  Rofft.,  a  dan. 

Anp.  fL  At  the  Alcrchunt  Taylors*  School,, 
Oivftt  Crtwbr,  nmr  Uverrool,  the  wife  of  lh« 
Be?.  Robert  O,  Carter,  a  aon. 

Auf,  n.  At  Eton,  the  wtfb  of  the  Ber,  Herbert 
Bntow,  a  ton. 

Aufi.  34.  At  Fnlbcck,  the  wife  of  the  Rct. 
Clennell  Wilkinnon,  a  dau. 

At  Chcira(ifleurip,  Linltlhgrow,  the  *iife  of  Capt* 
R.  Juhn!4tDite  Stewart,  a  duu. 

At  Trinity  TarMniafre,  Trowbridge,  Wilt*,  the 
wm  of  the  ReT.  Dlgby  Wnl«h,  M.A.,  a  dnu. 

At  the  Rectory.  Little  Lee*,  £s»ez,  the  wife  of 
the  Kev.  John  Green,  a  son, 

Aug,  2d.  In  the  Clone,  Winebeater,  the  Hon. 
Mr*.  WLlllam  Wurhurton,  a  daoi. 

At  Hendtej,  Surrey,  the  wife  of  Geotffc  Lyull, 
esq.,  M.t\,  a  dau. 

At  Dublin,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Loftua  Tottenham, 
&  wcrn  and  belr. 

The  wife  of  the  Rct,  Bourchl<r  Wm.  T.  Wrey, 
a  eon. 

At  Marslej  Rectory,  the  wife  of  the  Ecr.  Jubn 
CroMf  ft  dan. 

Aug.  96.  At  the  Boryi  near  Leaminglon,  tbe 
C&imte«»  of  Ayleaford,  a  aon. 

At  HlndUiHhdl,  near  Woreeetcr,  the  wife  of 
Henry  AlUopp,  c»q.,  a  aon. 

In  Qaecn'a-roiid  we«t»  Regent Vpk.,  tbe  wife 
of  tbe  Rev.  Boigiimin  Webb,  Perpetual  Curate  of 
Sheen,  StafTordiliirp,  a  9on. 

At  Worth,  Sftjjdwich,  the  wife  of  Capt  H.  Boya, 
R,K.,  a  dau. 

At  DuckllndTton,  Oxoti,  the  wife  of  the  Rev. 
Ettward  O.  Vinoent,  a  dau. 

Ati^.  17.  At  Iry-houM,  Cbarlbury,  Oxon,  the 
wife  of  Ueut.-Colanel  E.  V.  P.  Hollow  ay,  late 
Madrai*  Army,  a  nm. 

At  BUUcoaibe,  PJymetoek,  Deyoo,  tbe  wife  of 
H^r  FratnptoD,  late  of  H,H.*t  iOth  Regiment, 

GwT.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXI. 


At  Brifrhton,  the  wife  of  Major  Kewbery,  a  son. 
The  wife  of  ihe  Rer.  R.  W.  FlUpatrick,  In- 
cumbent of  Trinity  CTIaurch,  Bedford,  a  eon. 

At  the  VicArape,  Bri»mpvrd,  Ilerefordith.»  the 
wife  of  Capt.  Cecil  F,  Iloldcr  (of  tlio  Carabiiiien*), 
a  son. 

At  Wfllmer.  the  wife  of  Capt.  Gregorie,  23nl 
Royal  WeUb  Fimilier^,  a  son. 

At*ff.2%.  In  Wilion-erc«cent,  ihe  wife  of  Mnjor 
Tbomaoo,  of  Updownet  Heat  (U(e  K.  D.  Qda*)i 
aeim. 

Aug.  to.  In  OlonceaterHK}.,  nyde-park,  tbe 
wife  of  Cbarlea  Doxat,  eeq.,  a  dau. 

Aug.  90.  At  Merton-hall,  Thetfuxd,  tbe  Lady 
Walainghanif  a  dau. 

In  Portland-pi.,  the  wife  of  Akx.  H.  Roe?, 
eN[.,  a  son  and  heir. 

At  the  Reclory,  White  Roothing,  the  wife  of 
tbe  Rer.  Charlea  Marion  Wil^^n,  a  dau. 

At  Queen^town,  tbe  wife  of  Capt.  Lc»Ue,  Royal 
Marines,  a  dan. 

At  tbe  Vlcarapo,  the  wife  of  tbe  Rev.  Lawrence 
W.  Till,  M.  A.,  Vicar  of  Chertney,  a  ton, 

Att^.n.  At  SjrreabAm  Rectory,  tbe  wife  of 
the  Her.  Otwtild  F.  Sergeant,  b  dna. 

In  Charle»-at.,  Eoatboume-liT.,  Hyde-park, 
the  wife  of  Lieut. -C<.1.  A.  T.  Allan,  2nd  BattoUoa 
25th  Regt.  iKing*4  Own  BorUerer*)*  a  diiu. 

At  £aai  Hulwich,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Baron 
Hicbeno,  a  dan. 

At  WalHlngbam  Par«mage,  Norfolk,  tbe  wife 
of  tbe  Rev.  8cpdiDei»  H.  Lee  Wnmer.  a  duu, 

Sept.  1.  At  I^ngford  Rectory,  Derbysliire, 
the  wife  of  the  Eer.  T.  A.  Anison,  a  d.iu. 

At  Conatanlinople,  tbe  wife  of  Lieut  Robert 
Bcott  Cbliholme,  R.N.,  a  eon. 

The  wife  of  the  EcT.  C,  K.  Bowdcn,  of  Wyre, 
PeriUoi  e,  a  Ron. 

SepL  2.  At  Belmont-lodge,  Bo^or,  Snwex, 
the  wife  of  John  GriRlths  Bcaran,  e9tt«,  a  dau. 

At  Duncbureb-biill^  near  Ragby,  the  wife  of 
W.  Moore,  c»q,,  a  son. 

At  Winkflcia  Vltarage,  Berka,  tiie  wife  of  the 
Rev,  C.  J.  KlUutt,  a  dau, 

S«pt.  5.  At  imngtoD-boujM',  Stamford,  the 
noa.  Mrs.  Bertie,  a  «»n. 

The  wife  of  Bri|tadior-Gcn.  Garvock,  Com* 
mantling  nt  Dorer,  a  dau. 

At  Stretton  Reclory,  Warwickshire,  the  wife 
of  WilUam  I*ark  Uiekini,  e»q.,  t^f  Lincoln'«*Um, 
and  Surbiton,  Surrey,  a  dau. 

At  CI evenagh. bouse,  «0.  T)'T(me,  IreUind,  the 
wife  of  Capt.  Mo^to^ue  Browne,  i4tb  Rrgt.,  a 
aon. 

At  K:i mouth,  Devon,  the  wife  of  Edgar  Mua- 
gra'  e,  e*q  ,  of  Shiltington  Manor-bouae,  Bed- 
fcrdJibire,  a  son. 

Sifft,  4.  In  Groavenor-sq.,  Lady  Poltimore,  a 
dau. 

At  Hook  Parsonage,  Surrey,  tbe  wife  of  tbe 
Rev.  Thomas  Pyno,  a  dau. 


Births* — Marriages* 


[Oct. 


At  tlie  Pirviu  of  Ath^c,  tlie  wife  of  W«  B* 
Kale,  aq*,  B.M.'b  Consul  for  ContinenUl 
Greece,  %,  ioa. 

At  AflUckby  Yicanipei  the  wilb  of  the  Ber, 
Edmund  AldcncNL,  a  mml. 

Srpt.  5.  At  Whitkirk,  Leedft,  tlie  Hon.  Mn, 
Edward  Wand,  a  dan. 

At  Hendflfi,  Middle-ex.  tlie  vife  of  Bear'Adm. 
Edward  Staalef .  a  ■on. 

At  Greathun,  tbe  wife  of  the  BeT.  U.  B,  Till- 
tram,  M aater  of  Orea^bam  Hotpitalt  a  MitL* 

At  AbbeM  Boding  Baetorj,  the  wife  of  the 
Eev.  Lattrence  Ciprl  Coie,  a  daiL. 

&r/if.  6.  In  Beigrare-Bq.,  the  Lady  leabeOa 
Stewart,  a  icni. 

At  West  Harllnff  Rectoiy,  Tbctford,  N'orfotk, 
the  wife  of  the  Hod,  and  fter.  J.  XLurbord,  a  eon. 

At  Cheltenham,  the  wife  of  Ueut.-CoL  C, 
Brown  Coiutabler  a  dau* 

At  Buffbjr,  the  wife  of  the  Bcr.  C  T.  Arnold, 
a  son. 

At  South  Kcwton  ricaraft,  the  wife  of  the 
Ber.  J.  H.  Fenraddocke,  a  mq* 

Sept,  7,  At  Borde-bm,  Siumx,  fhe  wi(^  of 
Major  MaeAdam,  of  Black  water«  oo.  Clare,  a  dau. 

At  Seorrier-hoiuef  Cort^waU,  tbe  wife  of  George 
WitUama,  etq.,  a  son. 

At  Stoke-pL,  Mri.  Bkb.  Howud  Vy»e,  a  dan. 

At  Tattcrford  Bcctory,  Boughani,  Xorfoflt,  iho 
wife  of  the  Rev,  Edward  Howard  Morton,  a  dau. 

S^pt.  B.  In  Lower  Gro«Teour*«t<,  the  Hon. 
Ut%.  Jlnmejt  a  dan. 

At  Newport,  Saloii,  the  wife  ol  the  Be^*  John 
R«  Ilcawood,  a  ton. 

At  WitDbledon,  &Ir»,  Bortraoi  Cnrrie,  a  too. 

At  Frin^ord  Rectory,  Bicester,  Oxon,  Mrs. 
Bcnry  De  Balk,  a  dsu. 

At  Viean«e-terr.,  Kensington,  the  wife  of  the 
ReT.  R«  Blacket,  a  dan. 

In  Rcfcnt't  Fark-ter.,  the  wife  of  Reginald 
fitirton,  of  DaTentry,  Northamptonablre,  a  4on. 

Srpt.  9.  At  8hudy  C^mp«  \ncJLnife^  Caznbrldge- 
■hlre,  the  wife  of  the  Rc^.  T.  W.  Hardj,  a  dau. 

At  the  Vtcaraere,  Wartninater,  tbe  wife  of  the 
Rev.  Jame*  Erafimua  PhUippa,  a  «on. 

At  Well«hot*hotue,  Luiarfcthire,  the  wife  of 
Capt,  Maclean,  Rifle  Brigade,  a  dau. 

S*pt.  10,  At  Dor«t-hou#e,  WooUton,  8oQlh- 
aiuptcta,  the  wife  of  Lieut,  Burgei»,  R.?» .,  U.M.9. 
*'  Eagle,"  a  daa. 

At  HfttthAm  Partonnfre,  the  wife  of  the  Rev, 
AugusrtUA  K.  B,  Gn^nrille,  M.A .,  a  dau, 

Sept.  IL  At  the  VlcaraKe*  KirtUngton,  Oxon, 
tbe  wife  of  the  Bey.  T.  £napp  Chittenden,  a  dau. 


At  Ampoey  \lcAn«e^  the  wife  of  tbe  Bev, 
1.  Daubeoy,  a  eoia. 

At  Fiteombe  Panonaire,  Sciaie»elabiffe«  lb* 
wife  of  the  Bev.  W.  Oliver,  a  adb. 

Sept.  12.  At  the  RceiOT^,  St,  Andrew*e-billt 
Docton*  Comniaaie,  tbe  wi£»  of  tbe  Jtoe.  d  F* 
Clitae,  a  dan. 

At  Broughton,  Northanptonabirc,  Ibc  w\h  of 
the  Rev.  Alfred  Henrj  Ouey,  a  dam. 

Sept.  U.  At  Blftree-hm,  the  wife  of  the  ftev. 
Tbooipeon  Podraore,  a  eoa. 

At  Buahton-iierfc,  SuMex,  tbe  wife  of  W.  ft. 
Adaaumi,  eaq,^  a  dito. 

At  Hiotoo,  Salop,  tbe  wilb  of  Bobcrt  FMl 
Etheliton,  »i|.,  a  eaa. 

At  Hjde.  Glovccaleiibiie,  the  wife  of  Hiarj 
D.  Ricardo,  e«q.,  a  aon. 

In  GloaceetcT'terTn  Hyde-park,  Mr»,  Fima«i« 
Ycnner,  a  aon. 

At  Tottoihsjii-gTeeB,  Middlcacx,  the  wifo  of 
tbe  Rev,  P.  dc  Futrao,  ftodnaell  Beot(ii7,  scar 
Lewee,aton. 

Stpt.  15.  tn  Eaton-pUce  ■outh,  the  wife  oif 
Ueut-CoL  Robeit  Bru«e,  unatt,,  late  2trd  R.  W. 
FujuUen,  a  dau. 

At  nartleyHsoorl;,  iwar  Beidbii,  Mn,  Tbooua 
Cower,  a  dao. 

Tbe  wife  of  the  Rev,  Henry  Irwin  CooRnias 
Reetor  of  St.  Afhan's,  Wood>«t,,  a  djm* 

At  Stanford  Bectory,  Worceatendiire.  the  wife 
of  the  Iter.  Edward  Winning  ton  Ingrun,  a  Km, 

At  Suthtton,  Kin{r$ton-on>Tluune»,  the  wife  of 
G.  Ej^aen,  e^q.,  a  «on. 

Sei,i.  16.  At  Bdth.  the  wife  of  Capt.  And«w 
Eobcrtion,  a  kku 

At  Kew«aitle>npoii-T7ne,  the  wlfit  of  PcNf 
Wcftmaeott,  eeq.,  a  dau. 

Sept.  17.  In  DuhlLn,  the  Lady  Franoea  lYe- 
otayne,  a  eon. 

In  Great  CumberUnd-pL,  the  Hon.  Mta.  Greea 
Wilkinwjn,  a  dau. 

At  Sandy,  near  St,  Neot'a,  the  wife  of  tbe  Rrr. 
Churlefl  H,  Bomhun,  a  dau. 

Sept,  19.  At  Chlngford  Rectory,  the  wife  of 
the  lUv.  J.  U.  J.  MoH«on,  a  diiu. 

At  Bcigate,  the  wife  of  R.  F.  I>.  Paigrare,  eiq., 
a  dan. 

At  BrUley  Eeetory,  Norfolk,  the  wife  of  tho 
EcT.  J.  Smith,  a  dau. 

At  Wimbledon,  tbe  mife  of  the  ReT«  Cbutee 
i .  W  jnne,  a  dan. 

Srpt.  19.  At  Wooi>boa  Lawn,  near  Southamp- 
ton, tbe  wife  of  Ricbard  Coica,  ohi..  Mayor  of 
Soutbainptofk,  a  dao. 


4 


4 


i 


MARRIAGES. 


At  Trinity  Cburcb,  Kinjr  William V 

'  of  Good  Uo|>f!,  Capt.  /.  C.  Tyrwhitt 

^'     »-  '  ' '  -  llu)  «1>,  el Je*t  son  of 

iiralte,  of  Afiier^banL, 

Anon,  only  dau.  of 

1    I  iu*i*,  ui  .Ntwijori,  ncvr  Eteter, 

j;  iti  BtiUah  KaHruia. 


July  6.  At  King  WillI«ni'i-town*  ftU 
Henry  Bvnni-th  Wilson,  c«q.,  (tjth  Light  In- 
fiintry.  hoof/'  ^^^  '^  ■  '--""-'  chief 
JuBllce  of  y.'.  Ulti 

only  dau,  of  (  mor 

of  BrtttUi  KMOjiuiii, 

Jutjf  a3«    At  >'ynce  Tal«  /obn  Douglae  auul* 


1861.] 


Marriages. 


435 


fi»rd,  tLml  san  of  tUp  Ten,  the  Arclideacon  of 
Ctivtrtitry,  iind  Under  Sccrct,*ry  to  the  Govnm- 
mtnt  of  the  Jf.W.  Prorlnccn,  India,  to  Jane 
Ooori^uma,  third  dnw.  of  the  Intc  Rcr-  flt-nry 
CtidiUnKtcm,  Vicar  of  Wuix*.  Hertrordshire,  and 
Ibrmerly  Fellow  of  Trinity  Collepre,  Cambridge. 

Juty  lb.  A\  OntacamuncI,  Cnpt.  tlenry  Scniplcv 
of  n.M.'cCOih  Roynl  RlAoa,  eldest  Mm  of  M^Jor 
SemplCf  of  Butb*  to  Gelcn  Ann,  yomtgrst  dnu. 
of  John  H*»*y,  c«q.,  of  OloucoAtcr^j^rdcnSt  Hyde- 
pork,  and  of  the  GiLl^  Ciimbcr^und. 

July  30.    In  the  privnte  chapel  of  the  Chfttena 

dc  la  Boullayc,  near  Mtinfor^  Brittany,  Major 

JiL*.  Pollock  Gure,  l«t  or  Royul  Mcgt.,  to  Am«lie 

Marie  Ciiroline,  Kccond  dan.  of  Hir  WlUinm  Ray- 

\  moDd  Codrington,  bai-t. 

Au§,  IX    At  St.  Stcphen*»,  raddbivton,  Capt. 

Fnnicim  Georife  Kinff,  21  nt  FujiUiiirs,   to  M»iry 

tlurriette,  younfrest  dau.  of  Henry  Combe,  esq-^ 

md  widow    of   UaJr/r^Gcn.   SAtttuel   Brandram 

]  Bolleaiii  tormerly  of  II. M. 'a  22na  Rc^gt. 

At  Dawlhih,  Henry  John  Roby,  M.A.,  Fellow 
of  St.  Jobn'»  College,  Cutikbrid^e,  to  Mary  Ana 
Matilda,  elder  daa.  of  V,  A.  Brtnen.  esq.,  of 
DawLlsh, 

At  Bmmpton.  MidiJleieir,  Wm.  Wing,  esq.,  of 
llArket  Overton,  Rutlandshire,  to  Jnlla  Aii^sta, 
jooiijfefit  dan.  of  the  Ute  John  Rukcr  Sbden, 
eaq^t  of  Ript)lc^otirtf  Kent. 

Aug.  lb.  At  Blnekroek,  near  DubUn,  Thomas 
W.  AUen,  eiM|.t  H.M.'t  aril  f^ervice,  to  Marin 
Eli*nbtth»  eUlest  dau.  of  the  lute  Robert  Bolton, 
taq.,  late  of  H-M.'s  13th  Repct.,  and  niece  to 
Rieh.  Rrjltun,  rsq.,  of  Rective  C.istlt*,  co.  Mesih. 

A^g.  17.  At  the  Cbthedml,  GihraUur,  Fnuitii 
Wllllnm  SulUi'an,  e«i ,  Commander  of  II.M.S» 
••Greyhound,"  to  Agiien,  dau.  of  the  ITot!.  Mr. 
Sydney  Bell,  one  of  U.M.'a  Judg^cs  at  ttie  Capw 
of  Good  Hofie. 

Aug.  20.  At  the  Rriliwh  Embassy,  Taris,  Thofli. 
Ll|rcrtwood»  M.I>.,  K.L,H,,  I3th  Lljrbt  InfnntrT. 
to  Fmma,  widow  of  John  Howcl  Daviei,  esq.,  of 
Tilcnburiftt,  Sunninjhfll,  Berki. 

At  at.  I'aulV,  Cambridire,  Wm,  Kemp,  Capt. 
l»tll  lU»y*l  Irish,  to  Maria  Adelaide,  eldest  dau. 
f»f  fVipt.  Di|?hy  Marsh,  9,.S. 

Auff.^i,  At  the  EpiseopAl  Chapel,  Stlrllnift 
Mftjor  John  rhetham  McLt-od,  Wrd  Hoyal  High- 
Undcrs,  to  Emily  Maria  l)oagU^  youngr Rt  dnu. 
of  Abereromby  Diek,  ewi-,  Comrie  C^iHtle,  Perth- 
ehire,  late  Ueng^l  ClvU  SerTice. 

At  the  MiUior  honM,  Mupperton,  Dor»et,  Capt. 
Charles  ILamlltuu  Molito,  75th  EeRt.,  eldent  son 
of  the  Rev.  S.  C.  Jdahm,  Vicar  ol  Broodwindaor, 
to  F^th  Mary  Jo»e]»hine,  second  dau.  of  Lieut.* 
Col.  0«<yrge  Marrynt. 

Aug.  22.  At  Holy  Trinity  Chureh,  Walton 
Breck,  and  arterwurda  at  8L  Patrick's  Catholie 
Church,  Emile  Jurenal  I^roy  de  SerancHturt, 
e^m.,  of  Arraa,  Prance,  and  gmndran  of  the  late 
MsTquia  de  Serancourt,  to  Letitla  Rtitf^hara,  elilett 
dnu.  of  the  Uto  J.  Gunnlnft  Flunkett,  e«q., 
J. P.  eo,  Roooommon,  and  imndniece  of  the 
late  l>uiche«««  of  Argjll  and  namUt<m,  Lady 
Coventry,  and  the  lute  Lord  Claumorrla. 

At  Chndlei)(h,  Devon,  John  Kemp,  Koond  aoa 
of  tbe  Ute  Robert  Joeomb^Hood,  eoq,^  of  Dordon- 


park,  Loicc«terahire,  to I^aVlli Soroli, el^«tt dun. 
of  Charles  Lang^ley,  c»q. 

Atiff.  27.  At  St^OeorireX  Hanovrr-iq.,  Btm- 
lake  Kicketta  Bnt«on,  esq.,  of  Ilorsehcath,  Ciiim- 
bridge^hire,  to  Gertrude,  eldent  dau.  of  the  Right 
\lim,  Henry  Corr7i  M.P.,  and  Lodj  Harriet 
Corry. 

At  Run  well,  Eraex,  Frederick  Philipse  Morri«, 
esq.,  bivrruter-wl-law,  of  Liticoln's-inn,  third  eon 
of  the  late  Rcar-Adtn.  Henry  Gage  Morris,  to 
Mary,  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Thomas  Knox,  P.D., 
of  Tunbridge,  Kent,  and  Rector  of  Runwell  wid 
H)im»dCli-Cl-ay^  Emex. 

At  Eisendon,  Capt  John  Walter  Tarleton,  C.B., 
A.D.C.  Royal  Navy,  eldcit  lurvivinfr  son  of  the 
late  Thomaa  Tarleton,  esq.,  of  Che.<%ti:r„  and 
grand-nephew  of  the  late  Gen.  Sir  Ranagtrc  Tnrle- 
ton,  hart.,  G.C.B.,  to  Ftnetta  Eather,  iwin-ttun. 
of  the  lion.  Bi^ron  Dituttdnle,  of  Camfleld-plcice, 
HerU, 

At  St  Pmnoros  Church,  Ihe  Rev.  J.  IT.  MitcheU 
de  .Mowbny,  to  Maria  Elizabeth,  second  dau.  of 
the  Ute  Cktpt.  Qeorg."  Rohun  Martin,  R.N.,  CB.f 
of  Eart  Dridf^ford,  Notts^ 

At  Chriit  Church,  Podtllagton,  George  Franela, 
only  8on  of  the  late  Francis  Ilurold  Dimcu'mbe, 
e*q.,  H  M.S  T4th  Rcgl.,  lo  Ro!*e  Catherine,  third 
dtiu.  of  the  late  Major  W^  in  man,  formerly  of  the 
14lh  Light  Dragoons,  of  Woodhaycs-holl,,  Che- 
ihire,  and  gmnddna.  of  the  late  Williain  Wain* 
man,  esq.,  of  Carhesd,  Yorkwhire. 

At  Stoke  Newingtoii.  the  Rev.  Wm.  Stepbeni, 
Vicar  of  Wcdnislield.  Stafford  •biro,  to  Surah, 
youngeat  dau.  of  John  St.  Bar  be,  esq.,  of  Stoke 
Kewlngton. 

At  Brighton,  Frandft  d  wan  son,  Cnpt.  Bombay 
Artillery,  eldctit  son  of  Col.  J.  Swanson,  lOih 
Regl.  B.N. I.,  to  Anne  Blanobe,  youngest  dau.  of 
AVdliam  Harrinou  .\  ins  worth,  eeq.,  of  Arundel- 
tcrr.,  Kemp-towD,  Bri^ht«jn. 

At  St.  Oeoruc's,  HmioTer»p*q.,  William  Onlr, 
tM).,  Lieut,  and  Adj.  6tD  Dragoon  Guards  (Corm^ 
Wlem),  ftecond  v^n  of  the  late  J«hn  Oair,  esq., 
of  Hilton,  Inverness,  to  Caroline  Lavinln.  young- 
est dau.  of  the  late  Petw  M*Qnhae,  esq.,  Com- 
modore R.N. 

At  Whittington,  near  Worccater,  the  Rev.  Joi. 
0,  Stflllanl,  M.A.,  of  Uneolr*  College,  Oisford, 
Perpetual  Curate  of  Brockhamplon,  neir  R* :s«, 
IItreford*hire,  to  Annie  B.  Eveleigh,  eldent  dr4u. 
of  the  kte  Rev.  WillJRm  lloJdcn,  M.A.,  A**Utant- 
Chaphiin  of  St.  OsuwahJV  IIo«piUl,  Worcester. 

At  ijtainev,  Geo,  Ement  Ward,  esq.,  of  n.M.*B 
Indian  Civil  Servioe,  aeoond  son  of  the  Rev,  John 
Ward,  M.A.,  Rector  of  Wath,  Yorkshire  to 
Agnes,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Charles  Finish, 
esq.,  of  atainea. 

At  St.  ^aviour^f,  PaddinKton,  Henry  0*Brien 
O'Donogbuf,  esq.,  of  Long  Anton,  SomerT-et, 
eldest  son  of  the  late  Lieut. -CoL  O'Donoghue,  to 
Mary  Emelia,  only  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Guntuvus 
L-  Hamilton,  of  Great  Bcrriea,  oo.  RoBconimon, 
and  Vicnr  of  Core w,  eo,  Pembroke. 

At  Chrifttehnrch,  Uayswitcr,  Robert  Arthur, 
third  son  of  William  Whiltlng,  c*q.,  of  Thomey 
Abbey,  Cambridgeshire,  to  Isabella  Catherine, 
younger  dAU.  of  the  late  0r.  Gregory,  of  Londuu. 


436 


JSmaffti. 


At  Hctr«*aT,  Salop*  tUe  It«T,  Alfred  B^  Hock*?, 
M,A.,  Student  of  Ch.  Ch.,  Oxrord,  yooniiirfud  9<m 
of  the  Utc  Bcv.  John  RocWe,  of  Clunfrunford- 
htHiiHT,  Salop,  to  MarfTirct,  only  child  of  the  Rev. 
Vhilip  Bin  Adamifi,  Hcctof  of  llopcsajr. 

At  BuflUcy.  IlerU,  Edward  Moulai,  BNond  Mm 
of  Sydney  Courtney,  esq.,  of  I^eathiirbnid,  Srarey, 
to  Isahelln  EUxahcib,  cld^-tdiiQ.  of  the  late  Wm. 
J.  Voulra,  e)»q.,  harrbitt T-at-low,  of  Lncoln^f-inn. 

At  St.  L^onll^d*B-on-HeA,  the  Rev.  Rkhard 
Wlldc,  younger  bcw  of  S.  F.  T.  Wilde,  c«i.,  of 
Monken  Httdley.  b«rri»tcr-»t-law»  to  Charlotte 
Rti renin,  eldest  dan.  of  the  Rev.  J-  D.  Money, 
Rector  of  Stern  field,  Suffolk. 

Auff.  15.  At  Ttimerton  FoUott»  J.  N.  Ori^ir. 
1ltiq.«  baninter-at-liw,  eldest  son  of  M,  S.  GTiirir, 
eaq.,  of  Tamertun  Foliott,  lo  Charlotte  Katherhie, 
ddeat  dan.  of  K.  B.  MlUa,  c^.,  Bombay  Civil 
Service,  of  WeiHton-lodgei,  HannAmead,  near  Ply- 
mouth, 

Tboinu  A*  Chapman,  e^q*^  of  Foo  Chow,  China, 
to  MariTAret,  Hc^nd  day.  of  W.  H,  Blaek,  e*q.| 
F.S.A.,  of  London. 

At  St  Faneraa,  Harman  R.  Bond,  e«q..  Surgvon- 
M^or  Bengul  Army*  to  Charlotte  Anne,  youngest 
dan.  of  Capt.  A.  MeMahon,  of  tbe  late  67Cb  R«ft. 
Benital  >M. 

At  SU  Mary'K,  Clltberoe,  Wm.  Edward  5Tus»on, 
esq.,  of  CUtheroe,  to  Susanna  Catherine,  elde^^t 
dnu.  of  Dixon  Robinton^  c«q.«  orciithofoe  Capitto. 

At  ^U  Johji*a  £placo(ml  Churchy  Etlmburjfb^ 
Edw.  Henry  Pern  iter,  M.A.,  Student  of  Ch.  Cii. 
Oxford,  M.nt|  b;9.nister-at-law,  eldeat  aon  of  JFohn 
Edw,  Pember,  esq.,  of  the  Slock  Exchanj^e,  and 
etreatbiun,  Surrey,  to  Fanny,  only  dau.  of  Wm. 
Rlchardaoii,  enq.,  late  of  Sydney,  New  South 
Walt». 

Auff,  t9.  At  All  Saints\  St.  Johti's<wood,  the 
Rer,  John  8nn«omt  Rector  of  Bussing thorpe,  Lfn- 
culnahire,  to  Hnnnnh  Jane,  dau.  of  the  late  lion. 
Edward  Grey.  D.D.,  Lord  Bishop  of  Hereford. 

At  Qucdgeley*  Gloucestershire,  ihe  Rev.  F.  H. 
Spcrliufr,  Hector  of  Pap  worth  St.  Agnea,  Cam- 
btldireflliire,  to  Constance  Rachel,  only  dao.  of 
the  Rev.  Ernkino  Ktiollys,  Rector  of  QucHlffcley. 

At  Kdjre-hill,  Edinburgh,  Robert  Cochrane 
Williamaon,  esq.,  Beech  wood,  Edinburgh,  to  Ce* 
cillii,  youngest  dan.  of  Mi^or-Geii.  Anderson, 
Rfiyal  Artillery. 

At  3t.  MicHaePa,  Chester-square,  Win.  Stewart, 
eldest  aon  of  th©  Rev.  Bti^wart  Forirter,  of  South* 
end,  Kent,  to  CMlherine  Ifallida  LcvcMn,  only 
dan.  of  the  Rev.  i»  B.  CoIIi««oo,  Rictor  of  Wol- 
mU  Bnth. 

At  St.  Mattblaa\  Rlehraond,  Arthur  II<9iry, 
fourtl]  wii  of  Ihe  bte  John  Bather,  e»q.«  Reeortlcr 
of  Shie^Mburtr,  to  l.iicy  ElijcilMth,  luurth  d»u.  of 
tll«  late  Ri^ht  Rev.  C.  J.  Blt>iutli;:ld,  D.D.,  Lord 
01abop  of  Ltrndon. 

At  »t.  Lukc'a,  Chelara,  WaRer  Sewell  Doyto 
Vatea,  M.U.,  yuujigf»>t  aon  of  the  1al«  RHirulJer- 
Uen.  Walter  A  lea  inder  Vati^*,  C.B.,  CoiBmaadiiiit 
of  Lttckttow,  lo  Rutbf  w  --  .f  ti  ..  ,ti.,  Tfaode^y, 
eaq.,  surfvon,  and  you  re  Geo. 

C'ompiirn^.  e*q,«  nt  lu  1 1<«  and 

Furaat-i'itl,  Surrey* 

ill  akIiDoaih,  ih«  |i«v.  J.  n«nr7  tiltmor,  Fillow 


of  Univentlty  College,  OsflpTd,  and  Rector  of 
neadbonme  Worthy,  Hants*  to  Charlotte  Ha* 
tildo,  eldeat  dau.  of  the  late  Robi.  Fdnneaajr,  esq. 

At  8t.  Pbflip's,  EarpB'Conrt,  Kenatastaa.  Ssin. 
Bojters,  eeq.,  Afth  son  of  the  late  Rev.  A.  Rof  era, 
VicAr  of  Roivenden,  Kent,  to  Mildred  Klixabotb, 
third  dau.  of  Ibc  late  W.  H.  Mai^leftn,  e«q.,  Ad« 
ndralty,  London. 

At  Kingswinfurd,  StaAbrdabire,  H«il  B«V«rl4ft 
eaq.t  B.A.,  Ren^nl  Civil  SerrJee,  eeoaaadl  soa  of 
Wm.  Beverley,  esq.,  of  Clarendon-road,  Leeds 
to  Eliita,  eldest  dau.  of  Lcacroft  Freer,  esq..  Oak* 
fletds,  Kini^wtnford. 

AHff,U,  At  Brading,  lale  of  Wight,  Wynd* 
ham  Gibbes,  esq  ,  youn^rer  son  of  the  late  Thomas 
Gihbes  esq.,  of  Tavi«tock-pl ,  lx>n dim,  to  Char- 
lotte, third  dau.  of  the  Uite  Col.  Dieluon,  and  for- 
merly of  II.If  .'s  tnd  Weat  India  Regt. 

At  8t  Jamea'a,  Paddington,  the  ReT.  Walter 
Haiiiilt*>n,  Mcar  of  Waliier»hjire*with-\^'hltfleld, 
Kent,  to  Sarsih  Maria,  second  dan.  of  the  late 
Col.  WUdoioR.  of  thefitb  Dragoon  Guarda,  (Cara- 
binieri). 

In  Au^mt,  at  Bt.  Stephen's,  Dublin,  the  Hm. 
Richard  Monek^  CuldHtrcam  Guards,  youngvat 
sou  of  the  late  Viseoitnt  Monck^  bo  Frances  Elirji- 
tactb  Owen,  eMest  d.ia.  of  Owen  Blaynej  Cols, 
esq-,  and  the  Lady  Fanny  Cole, 

A>|)^  3.  At  ChrUichurch.  ILunpstend,  Sajmicl 
Gurney,  second  son  of  the  lute  Sir  Edw.  Buxton, 
to  Caroline  Louisa,  second  dau.  of  1.  Guroey 
Hoare^  CM\,t  of  Hampstead. 

At  St.  ihiry's,  lalington,  the  Rev.  Thos.  Ujij- 
Icy,  Chaplain  at  Mongheer,  Bengal  Pr«>aideDC7» 
to  I<ou]#a,  elder  dau.  of  Fronois  Witherby,  ec%.» 
of  IJi  ghbu  ry-terrace. 

At  Si.  Slury's,  Bryanstonniq.,  Lieut,«€oL  R,  P. 
Radcltlfc,  K..V  ,  aon  of  the  latn  Rev.  Rdmuml 
RatkUlf'-,  to  Annie,  only  dan.  of  the  bite  William 
Henry  Sharp,  esq.^  of  Upper  8eyinonr-#treet. 

At  St.  Clemen  I  Dane*,  Strand,  thi;  Rct.  Hubert 
Fimdn,  M.A  ,  Vicar  of  Yoxford,  Suffolk,  to  Coa- 
Bundru,  yoonge-'t  dau.  of  the  late  J:ia.  Raynham, 
CM]^.,  of  the  Monled •house,  Uanjdon,  Rj^iex. 

At  Little  Bnddow,  George  Theodore  Monnfnj^, 
esq.,  of  Hprin^field.  to  Fanny  Maria,  younift^et 
dau.  of  the  late  C«pt.  Tweed,  R.^.,  of  Little 
Biiddow-holl,  £  eex. 

At  the  Priory  Church,  Great  Malvern,  the  I 
£dg:ir  LInyd,  to  Lavinia  I^uij^e  Stuart. 

At  St.  Mary's,  Richmond.  Yorkshire, 
Blunt,  essq.,  Capt.  H.iM.'s  Bombay  An 
Frances  Jcniima,  eldest  dan.  of  R.  K.  D.  R.  I 
esq.,  of  the  Grove,  Richmond,  Yorkshire. 

At  Cromer,  Norfolk,  Benjamin  Bicktey  Boirer*, 
esq.,  of  Lincoln^s-inn,  barrister-at4aw,  and  Pel- 
low  of  Wsdliom  Golleire,  Oxford,  to  EUen  ^^uaonna, 
dan.  of  Bobert  Herring,  «q,,  of  Cromer. 

At  St.  MnTiforet's,  Westminster,  Grrmain  Lavie, 
Student  of  Cb.  Ch.,  third  si>n  of  C^L  Luvie,  Madras 
ArlilUryjo  Myrn  IniIx'Um,  second  dan.  of  Wllaon 
Itethenngtoni  ejsq.,  of  Qurcn'sHsq.,  St.  Ja»^ea*i•> 
park,  and  Ltne  '^-^     - -:   '  irrlntcr. 

At  St.  Jam^  .  Tbomax  Wilkinson 

John  Dent,  ut  i  n,  btirrij*Ur-al'l««,  lo 

Sofdiia  Amelia,  rUit-H  duu.  of  the  Rev,  O.  John 
Colllfison,  tneumb»nt  of  5t.  James'a,  CUphuisu 


1861.] 


Marriaget. 


437 


GfOfirc  Joieph,  idrn  of  Joseph  Murraj^  ?««]■»  of 
Ajloun.  FifcAbirCf  AndShrivenham^UoQKe,  Bcrkii^ 
lo  AutfOttU  Anne,  youngest  dau,  of  the  Kev,  Geo. 
Dome,  Rc«tair  of  BightoDt  HontH. 

At  Tticlwiill,  Cheshire,  the  Bcv.  Wm.  Jeud- 
winc„  Victirof  Chichclej,  Buckii,  to  Grace  Mar- 
giiret,  Hidow  of  George  CiiciniiLg  Dtickhoti«e,  esq., 
Uto  H.B.M/s  Commissary  Jadtfo  at  the  Hiivsna, 
and  dau.  of  the  late  Jo!m  M.  Saodham,  c»q  ,  of 
llftiia>i»Uce,  London. 

At  WUbcrfosa,  the  RtT.  Thomns  tlolmea,  Xn- 
Gumbont  cf  Wilbcrfw*.  to  Ann,  young wt  dau.  of 
tht  late  ThoB.  Newbald,  csq>,  of  the  lame  place. 

At  at.  J&mea'a,  Brelfhtmel^  Arthur  Wickeo,  of 
thiB  Bontnil  CiTil  Serrlce,  cJdcst  son  of  the  ble 
Kiahd.  WiokeH,  esq.,  of  the  Mt\n«loii-houBC»  Hur>it- 
Iiierpolnt,  SuBRex,  to  Auf  uata  Atme,  only  child  of 
Wm.  Slade,  caq.^  of  Cromptoa  Fold,  Boltoa>lo* 
Moon. 

8«pt,  4.  At  St.  Peter'fl,  Pimllco,  Capt.  Oeorin» 
Het<rf  Seymoar,  R.N.t  C.B.,  Moond  ton  of  Adm« 
Sir  George  Seymour,  G.C.B.,  to  Sopbia  Margaret, 
eldcflt  dau.  of  tho  lato  Doriok  Uostc,  eaq.,  of 
Barwick*hoii9e,  Norfolk. 

At  SL  Mary-dc-Caatro,  Gnerowyf  Brownlow 
Fottlter,  eaq.,  of  Lin  coin*  A-Inn,  bBrriiitcr<«t-la>r, 
and  late  Fellow  of  New  Colleire.  Oxford » to  Har- 
riet Amdia,  yoan^eRtdau,of  Rear-Adm.  McCrea. 

At  St*  Mttfirarefa,  Canterbury,  Fired.  T.  Curtta, 
esq.,  of  Elmstono-tourt,  to  Mary,  ddeat  dau.  of 
Jamea  D«huur,  esq.,  Canterbury. 

At  KilTe,  Somersetshire^  Henry  Anstey  Bo* 
•anqiiet,  evq.,  of  Lover  Berkeley  tt,  and  Ifae 
Inner  Temple,  barricter-at-law,  to  Mary  Atine, 
youngest  ditii.  of  CoL  LuttiolL,  of  JCUve-court. 

At  LilUe  Bythani,  Lincoln  shire,  the  ReT. 
Frederick  W.  Chtiatian,  third  son  of  the  Ute 
Hugh  George  Christian,  »q.»  of  Fypcbe-hall, 
KDarMbomtigh,  to  AUee,  eldeat  dun.  of  the  llev. 
JoMpli  COiirk,  Bcetor  of  Uttle  Bythaai. 

Stpi,  S,  At  All  Salnta%  Knightabrid^re,  the 
Hod.  H.  W.  FltzMauriee,  late  Capt.  72nd  Ui^h* 
laadm,  to  Sarah  Jane,  dau.  of  the  late  George 
Bradley  Itoose,  esq.,  of  Bryntlrion,  Anglesey. 

At  Bt.  George**,  Hanover- (>q.,  Miijnr  Uogli 
Aobert  HibWrt,  7th  Hoyal  FuAtUera,  eldest  son 
of  Tlioa.  HibbtTt,  c^..  of  Birtlea-ball,  Cheshire, 
to  Sarah  Catherine  Auguata,  dan.  of  Fred.  Lee, 
ttq.,  of  Broftdgate^honce,  Deton. 

At  Hordle,  near  Lymington,  Frands  Edward 
Goz,  Mi^  B.E.,  to  ZC\t6fi  Helen  Enatlla, 
jodbgeat  dan.  of  A  Im.  Symona,  of  Teattoo, 
Lymington,  Hanta. 

At  St.  Mary'a,  Lelecster,  Andrew  Whyte  Bar- 
elay,  e*q.,  M.D.,  of  Bmtoo-tt.,  Berkeley -sq.,  to 
Uurgarvt,  dau.  of  the  late  J.  W.  Koble,  esq., 
UA\,  of  l>anett'»-h&ll,  Leloeater. 

At  Moetyn,  Flini»hlre,  Fred.  Hoar*  Colt,  «tq., 
of  the  Inner  Temple,  barriatcr-al-Liw,  to  Bertha, 
rldeat  dau.  of  Henry  Collins,  esq.,  of  the  DttflYyn, 
near  KewTkort,  Monmouththlre. 

At  St.  Jamet'a,  FiceadUly,  the  BeT.  J.  B, 
SmeatOOt  Vlear  of  Ilannington,  WUtN,  to  Mary 
?•  WHtoi,  eldest  dau.  of  Capt.  Fred.  Johmotif 
IftttHthBegt. 

At  the  R.  C.  Church,  Grove-rd.,  Regent Vpk., 
George  Herbert^  e^).,  of  the  Middle  Temple, 


banister-at-law,  to  Constanta,  only  dau.  of  the 
late  Sir  Chan.  Witham,  of  Htghbam,  Suffolk. 

At  81  James's,  Westminster,  tbe  Rev.  Wm. 
Marrinvr,  elde«t  son  of  the  Rur.  John  Marriner, 
Vicar  of  Clapham,  Yorkahire,  and  Rural  Dean, 
to  Jane  Caroline,  only  surfmng  dau.  of  the  flev. 
Wm.  Wilson,  l)J>.,  Canon  of  Winchester,  Vicar 
or  Holy  Rood,  Southampton,  and  Rural  Dean. 

At  Kceles,  Laiicaiihire,  John  Holker,  esq.,  har- 
ri.tter-at'law,  to  Jane,  only  dau.  of  the  Late  Jamca 
Wilson,  esq.,  of  Oilda  Brook,  Kocles. 

Sept.  1.  At  St-  Qilea'a,  Camber  welt,  Edward 
Wilmot  Seale,  eaq.,  of  MaIine»hury-hou»e,  East 
Dnlwlch,  to  Elisa  Holford,  only  dau.  of  Edward 
Crook,  e«q.,  granddau.  of  the  late  Gen,  Roberta, 
and  niece  of  the  late  Col.  Roberta,  of  Hrighton. 

At  St.  George'*,  HanoTer-«q.,  WUliam,  eldest 
•arriTing  eon  of  the  late  Rev.  Ricliard  Weaver, 
ofCorb&m,  Wilta,  to  Cbarloite,  widow  of  James 
Brooka,  esq.,  of  Onne-house,  Hampton,  Middle* 
aes,  formerly  sheriff  for  Norwkh. 

Sept.  9.  At  8t.  Oeorge*s,  Ramsgatc,  Captain 
Charles  Hewett,  of  H.M.'s  aSrd  Fusilier^  eon  of 
Capt.  Hewett,  R.N.,  to  Fpinny  Maria,  only  daii^ 
of  T-  T.  Abbott,  e*q.,  Nenagh,  co.  Tlpperary. 

At  St.  Jamea'A,  Wey bridge,  the  Rev.  Wm.  11. 
Ptmlum,  M.A.,  of  St,  John's  College,  Camhridg«, 
Senior  Tutor  and  Cbnplain  of  Queen's  College, 
Hinningham,  to  llanriett  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of 
Robert  Harcourl,  e«q«,  of  Weybridge,  Surrey. 

Stpt.  10.  At  Iffley,  near  Oxford,  the  Rev.  Mark 
Patlison,  Rector  of  Lincoln  College,  to  EmUy, 
dau.  of  Capt.  HeDry  Strong,  lodisui  Army,  uf 
Iflley. 

At  Monkstown,  near  Dublin,  Wm.  John  Halt, 
esq.,  Lieut.  Ist  Batt.  4tli  (King'»  Own)  Hegt., 
second  SOD  of  Capt,  IJolt,  95th  Rt-gt.,  to  Alice 
Violet,  youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Robert  Xavicr 
SAarphy,  esq.,  Chief  Translator  and  Interpreter 
to  Il.M.'s  Supreme  Court  of  Judicature,  Bombay, 

At  Weymouth,  Robert  Hawtham,  Capt.  Royal 
Engineera,  to  Amy»  youngest  dau.  of  Coaunuider 
William  iJow,  R.N. 

At  Wenaley,  Torkahlre,  Arthur,  cecoDd  son  of 
Jatnea  Booty,  fl»q|.,  Ca>tle«hau»^e.  Walthom^tow, 
Eftwx,  to  Fanny  EHzabetli,  second  dau.  of  the 
Rev.  Miles  G.  Booty,  M.A.,  of  Leybum,  Incora- 
bent  of  Coverham,  Yorkshire. 

At  Alnwick,  the  Rev.  George  West,  Curote  of 
Ryton,  only  son  of  Francis  George  West,  e?q., 
of  Uorham-hall,  Thaxted,  £s4ex,  and  of  Flsncr, 
Mtddlcm,  to  Mary  Anne,  youngest  dau.  of  Wm* 
Dickaoii,  oq.,  of  Alnwiek  and  Alnmouth,  Clerk 
of  the  Pea£C  for  Northumberland. 

At  Bradford,  Someriet,  the  Rev.  Frederick 
nowse,  of  Taunton,  to  Martha,  second  dau,  of 
Edward  Easton,  eaq.,  of  Stone^hoase^  Bradford. 

Stpi.  11.  At  Fre«hwatier,  Isle  of  Wight,  Wm. 
George  Shedden,  esq.,  of  8pring*hlll,  Eaat  Cowca, 
to  C&roUne,  youngest  dait.  of  A  dm.  Sir  Graham 
Eden  Uamond,  bart.,  of  Norton»kdge,  0,C.B., 
and  Rear-Adm.  of  tbe  United  Kingdom. 

At  Barton-under-Needwood,  tho  Rev.  William 
Douglaa,  M.A.,  ton  of  Oen.  Sir  James  D^ugbs, 
O.C.B.,  to  Emily,  eldest  dan,  of  the  kite  Jt>hn 
W*ilwD,  esq,,  of  Barlon-under-Noedwood. 

S*^»  12.    At  Tcinity  Church,  Chcbua,  J.  k* 


438 


Ifarriaffest. 


lYotide,  c*q.,  to  HenneCI*,  Aao.  of  the  late  John 
Ashler  Watit,  E«Im  MP* 

Al  II0I7  Trinitri  Bramptoa,  Biehard  Tiryfiyrd, 
only  MB  or  Bror-Adm.  Katg,  ^  Ksle*  dan.  of 
th«  late  Ricluud  Maotlisa,  eiq.,  of  Lep-bonae, 
Old  Brora  ptan. 

At  St.  Michael**,  Stoekvrll,  G«oT|re  Mont- 
gomeri«  l>«r|dMMif  e«<|..  Sad  BatUikui  t2tid 
Bc'^'t ,  to  Elinbcth  Fi^oeea,  Mcood  dau.  of  J. 
M.  BUokiock,  etq^  oT  tlie  War  Oflee,  nd  moclc- 
vetl. 

At  AtvIct,  Eaaes,  Bdmand  Georgf,  onlj  oon 
o(  Edmmkd  Ptiilltp*,  eaq  ,  of  Kdthim,  Middlesex^ 
to  Fans  J,  eldest  dan.  of  Robert  la^raai,  eaq.^ 
of  Moor-ball,  Rainham,  and  Little  ^urroidsL, 
Eases. 

Ai  Pitroisster,  Soineraet,  Wm.  Llojd  GabeU, 
of  Lixtcola'c-inn,  eaq.,  buTiat«r-at4»Wt  to  F«imj 
Harriett,  eldert  daiL  of  tho  Bet,  G,  B.  Lavaon, 
Yiear  of  intntkavter. 

At  ahelBetd,  tlie  R«t.  Jaa.  Moorhooae,  Cnnit 
or  HoriMej,  Middlesex,  to  Mary  Lydia,  cldcat 
dan.  of  tlie  Ber.  Dr.  Sale,  ITlcar  or  Sheflleld. 

At  SL  Mark'*,  Sarbllon,  A.  MaOkay  Leith, 
aaq.  f  of  Folkeatotie,  ddot  ton  of  the  late  Bobeit 
Ldtli,  caq.,  of  Cnlfowcr,  Suthcrlctiid«hlre,  N.B., 
lo  Eleanor  Alice,  iweood  daiL.  of  Capt.  ¥r$ak 
Cutler,  R,N.,  H.B.M/9  Viee-Consiil  at  Bordoiiix. 

At  St.  Peter's  Waltliamttov,  the  ReVp  Robert 
Helme.  M.A.,  eldest  aaa  of  Robert  BeLnuv  ^q^ 
to  Belen,  only  sarr&Tiiiff  ebtld  of  Tbtia,  Master* 
sum,  esq.,  of  Walthamvtov,  Essex. 

8epL  14.  At  West  Moaliey,  Septimiis  WfUiaa 
BiHey,  e*q.,  of  New  BarlingUn-it.,  to  Clam 
FaDoy,  #cco-d  d»u.  of  Sir  R.  W.  Cardeak,  of 
Wimpole*#t.,  and  West  Moalaey,  Surrey. 

At  St,  GeorKe*«>i  Manorer-«q.,  Jamea  JephMniii 
eaq.,  of  the  Inner  Temple,  barTi«ter-«t-law,  to 
JuliA,  youngest  dan.  of  Gcorfo  Pain,  esq.,  of 
New-l(Mige,  Sali»bary. 

At  lIoTf,  the  Rev.  E'ltrard  Herbrrt  Edwards, 
M.A«,  of  Pembroke  ColJeye,  Dun  bridge,  aon  of 
the  late  Wm«  Edvrardft,  esq.,  of  FramUngn^atn, 
SalTotk,  to  Dicima  Blunt,  dan.  of  tbe  late  Rev. 
Dr.  Vaugban,  of  St.  Jubn*a  CoUcfe,  Oaiti^ridgv* 

Sfpt  17.  At  Toj'or,  Hon-torddilre,  Hctiiy 
Umg^leiy,  e*q.,  eldest  aoo  of  the  .4rchbi4bop  of 
ITork,  to  Diana  Ellas,  ■:  cond  d^u.  of  John  Darea- 
port,  oaq.,  of  F*aleT,  neTefordtblre,  and  of  Wc»t- 
wood-hall.  Staff  irdaliire. 

At  Maation,  BoiLbuTKhjiblre,  Jamea  Liebig,  only 
oTkfld  or  tbe  lats  WiUlam  GrefOry,  raq.,  to  £lia« 
batb  Mary  Soro^nrillc,  only  daa.  of  tbe  late  OoU 
Sir  Henry  Fairfax,  bart. 

At  Warfrmre,  Major  Heber  Drary,  Madraa 
Amy,  to  BMEAbeth  Sarab,  yonageat  dan.  of 
Major  OcMm,  of  Caademaiia,  Berka. 

At  All  8alnu%  St  M:irv}cbooi>,  Henry,  eldost 


•0D  of  Tbomaa  Lanirridg^p  «*q*,  Ban»*«  ffiMfb 
Mcrrwsrtli,  to  Fkxm  Jane^  dnia.  of  /obn  Wlffrt 
rope,  caq.,  LL.D.,  Bomidary-road,  N.W. 

At  AB  aainu*.  Kn%bt»tnid9e,  Mt^m  Tillbt^nk. 
or  TflUnirioa,  9vaarx,  to  Ada  Byng,  only  ^illd  of 
Lient,<<>>L  Hon  una-  Wbitmore. 

At  Withiel,  Comarall,  the  R«t.  Edvtnl  LMer 
Saliftburr,  Incnntbeat  of  Riaeovcy,  cMttt  aon  of 
Edward  Siliftburr.  e^q,,  late  of  Middkion  Tower, 
Laitcaabire,  lo  .%rnlc  Fraocoei  -,  aiaov  tS  tb«  aant 
time  and  ptaoe,  Cbarlaa  Bnasey,  elded  aoa  of 
Ovtariua  WilUama.  oq.,  of  Traro,  to  9aii^ 
Marlon  — eldeat  aad  aeoond  dan.  of  tbt  R«r, 
Tytell  Fnndia  Tyvyaa,  Reetor  of  tb*  pnrlBb. 

At  CarshaliOD,  Uonol  Attye,  e«q«,  C*pt>  S&d 
(Qaten*t  Royal)  Refrt.,  yooiicer  aoo  of  tto  lata 
Robert  Middb'ton  Aitye,  esq.,  of  Imgm  Qfsnfi^ 
Warwickablre,  to  MargaRt  Mina«  ddeat  dim.  of 
the  late  Darid  Lloyd,  e«|,  of  Sbtplity-lMPm^ 
Snrrcy, 

At  Utttngt-ia,  BoaMX.  tb«  BcT.  BlRliaid  Wbl||» 
fonrtb  aon  of  tbe  Ute  Jowpb  Wblln,  raq^  ol 
&uttoa>ball,  near  Chester,  to  Emma,  eldest  d»tl. 
of  F.  H.  PbUlipa,  e«i.,  of  Mtfon3«  Witti. 

At  St.  MaryX  Islington,  tbe  Rer.  Jno,  Harrey 
Eniipp.  M  a',  Cbaplain  of  H.M.S.  **KereQge,*^ 
Flag  bbip  of  the  ChaBncl  Floet,  to  Mariaima, 
dau.  of  tbe  Hon.  Hidiolaa  StM,  ot  Si*  Jobn'a, 
KewfouAdland. 

At  Amlilfaide,  George  Rolleaton,  M.D.,  Pto- 
fetaor  of  Anatomy,  OxAml,  to  Graee,  daiL  of 
Dr.  John  Davy,  F.R.S.,  of  Lesketb  How. 

At  PreatOQ,  Uw  R«'t.  J,  A.  S.  HlUiar^l,  Rector 
of  Utile  Wittcnbam,  Berka,  to  Hennelta,  young- 
est d«u  of  tbe  Rev.  WilUaA  Belgrxvc^  Pnaantt* 
ball,  Rotlaiid. 

^1. 1ft.  At  Abbeyteix,  Uput.-ro{.  JobnOui«e, 
V.C,  aoih  Ll.  Infantry,  >'ouiige«t  *on  of  Gen.  Jstr 
John  Gnitc,  hart.,  K.C.B.,  to  laabella,  only  aiir« 
TiHng  ebild  of  tbe  lalo  E*r.  Arthur  and  UoOk 
Catherine  Ncircoinbe. 

S-p/.  19.  At  St.  Mary  Abbot*t,  Kenaingtoa, 
Wentwortb,  only  aon  of  tbe  late  Charko  Arthvr 
Oo^,  lal  Life  Gnarda,  to  Rndly  Anne,  tblrd 
daa.  of  the  Hon.  Edward  and  Mra.  CotaoB,  of 
ScarfdAle-houMe,  Eenaington. 

At  Lowe*tofl,  tbe  R«t,  Frederick  BrDdbunl. 
M.A.,  Incumbent  of  Gawber,  YorkAbire,  to  Etleatt 
Murr,  daa.  of  the  late  R«r.  Henry  Atlay,  Rcetor 
of  BridKv  C.i»terion,  RuUandi^hLre. 

At  Addlc^lone,  Surrey,  William  Vore,  •eoeod 
iOD  of  BowlAnd  .ibton,  e*q.,  late  M.P.  fot  Uerto., 
to  £Uen  Mary ;  and,  at  tbe  tame  Ume  and  ptacr, 
Henry  Enkint  Kbantm,  aeeond  fartiring  son  of 
tba  late  William  FoUarton,  e«q.,  of  Skelboo, 
Ayr«hlre,  to  Ada  CaafbeU—daon.  ol  tbe  Mm 
WiUiun  11  ory  Ooddard,  caq. 


1861.] 


439 


^i)ttunr£t. 


[^Mefaiicef  or  Friends  mpplffing  Memoirs  are  requested  to  append  tlUir  Addrruet,  in 
m'der  thai  a  Copy  of  the  Genxleha^'b  Magazi^s  eontaimn^  their  CimmunicationM 
mojf  beforwarded  to  them.'}        


The  Earl  of  Mount  EDocuif  be, 
8epL  3.     Ou  boiircl  his  ^ynLht,  otT  Erith, 
ged  6i.  Ernest  ADgastiia,  Entl  of  Mount 

The  lite  nobtenmn  was  the  eldest  boh  of 
the  second  Earl  by  tbe  tbird  dtiugbter  of 
he  Earl  of  Buekingbutiifiibire.  lie  wji» 
om  at  Rii;hinond,  Mnrcb  23,  1797,     In 

l^lBSl  he  nmrrml  the  ebtest  daughter  of 
Hear  Ad* ni ml  Cbailes  Firlding^  and  iuc- 
ceedi  d  to  the  title  in  1839.  He  was  an 
Aide-de-camp  to  the  Q  »iH?iij  Cdonel  of 
the  Cornwall  MUitia,  and  patron  of  Bvo 
livings.  A  uiftii  of  dicjded  pohticnl  views^ 
be  ndvocflted  them  throng-h  the  only  me- 
dium that  the  state  of  his  health  per- 
jnittoil,  his  pamphlet*,  written  in  tbe  in- 
of  Torj'ism,  grtining  in  thiir  day 

'm  certrtin  de|^ree  of  general  notice.  Ue 
likewise  publisbcd  a  diary  of  bla  experi* 
cnces  of  the  Italian  Kevolulion  while  at 
Rilenno  and  Rome  in  iat9.  In  1852  he 
wii*  ftp|>ointod  Speciid  Deputy  Warden  of 
the  Stnimtiries.  In  the  early  part  of  bia 
career,  when  Visconnt  Valletort,  lie  shewed 
a  disposition  for  the  [wliticail  arena,  but, 
owin^  to  the  then  unpopular  ehiinieter 
of  bui  poHiica,  conld  not  prtxsuns  a  teat 

^Ib  Parliament. 

'Tliis,"  says  a  local  pap«r  (the  "Ply- 
mouth Jtmrnar*),  "was  in  i831»  when 
tbe  old  rnrltauicntary  system  whs  at  its 
last  i^aisp.  The  Lord  Vidletort  of  tliat  day 
lund  Sir  It.  R.  Vyvyan  were  the  embodi- 
Dcnt  of  Toryisin,  and  the  whole  county 
fComwall]  waa  roused  from  one  end  to 
he  other.  The  election,  we  believe,  histed 
M  fortttight.  Oxen  were  rousted  in  the 
itreeta,  and  there  waa  no  lack  of  that 
peculiar  hospitality  which  prevailed  sa 
much  then  at  general  electtons.  There 
was  scarcely  a  man  in  the  county  who  did 
not  then  take  sides,  and  men  were  mar* 
shalled  under  the  grt-at  landholders,  who 
marched  to  the  hustings  at  the  beftd  of 


tbeir  friends  and  dependents.  The  late 
Sir  William  Molcavvnrth  hnd  only  Just 
come  of  age,  and  lie  biisten^  d  home  from 
the  Continent  to  do  battle  for  the  Rernrni 
Rdl,  which  vim  the  great  question  of  that 
exciting  period.  The  bon.  baronet  was 
not  able  to  tote,  fur  he  hrtd  tmly  just 
esc^pfd  iVora  his  minority ;  but  he  took 
his  phice  amonjjet  the  foremost  men  of 
the  eounty,  nnd  eame  into  Lostwithitl  at 
tbe  bend  of  some  ciglittien  hundred  voters^ 
who  assembled  at  Pcncarrow.  The  present 
Lord  St.  (Germans  maiiiballcd  his  hosts  on 
the  other  side ;  and  from  oar  own  neigh- 
bourhood [Plymouth]  there  went  down 
A  band  of  sturdy  men,  to  vote  for  the 
Refonnera,  and  against  the  heir  of  the 
house  of  Mount  Eitgcumbe.  It  was  a 
splendid  fight»  for  the  Tories  a  tremend- 
ous defeat.  It  cnrptiod  the  purses  of  the 
Tori**Sj  and  they  have  never  since  suc- 
ceeding in  making  the  county  their  own. 
So  matters  went  on,  Toryism  holding  its 
own  in  th«i  cast,  tbro\]p;h  tbe  aid  which 
it  rtceived  fi-om  the  influence  and  nctive 
co-operiition  of  the  lute  Earl  of  Mount 
Edgcuml>e,  and  the  othtT  j^reut  and  little 
houses  that  combined  with  him.  Ihit  his 
Lordship  ncifer  fought  the  battle  again  in 
Cornwiill  for  lum«elf  or  any  of  his  tamily. 
He  bad  paid  smart- money  enough  to 
hutnble  him  for  yenrs,  and  beyond  the 
assistance  of  a  private  suhjicriptinn,  or 
a  p<:>IitieHl  pamphlet,  or  an  article  in  tbe 
;  Miiil.*  and  thf  open  aid  ufbis  steward,  we 
heard  but  little  of  the  active  doin,^  oftlio 
Earh  It  was  not  till  the  diviMons  of  the 
Liberals  took  place  in  Plymouth,  a  year  or 
two  since,  that  it  was  thought  a  ae«t 
might  be  won  for  the  scion  of  the  houBe  of 
Mount  Edgcumbe;  and  tbe  Earl's  name 
then  again  appeared  prominently  in  the 
political  arena." 

llie  Earl  is  succeeded  by  his  son  William 
Henry,  Viscount  Valletort,  born  Nov.  5, 
1B32,  who  in  1858  married  the  Lady 
Kathcrine  Elizabeth,  a  danghter  of  the 
Marquis  of  Abercom.  He  hai  represented 
Plymouth  aince  May,  1859.    The  romaia- 


440         Earl  of  Mount  Edgcumbe. — Earl  Fffrtewcue^  K.G* 


big  ehOdran  of  the  late  E^rl  are,  the  Hoo. 
CbaHes  Ernest,  born  Oet  23.  1838,  mm 
a  captain  in  tlie  Grenadier  Goarda;  and 
Lady  ErtmtiDe  Emma  Hontia^  bom  Aug. 
16,  lSi3. 

The  fatoilj  of  tbe  deeeaied  Earl  derivea 
ita  atDnamc  from  Eggiecomb;,  Egfctunb, 
or  Edgeoomb,  (aa  varionalj  wntten  in  old 
fMordi^)  in  tbs  fiariab  of  Cberiton-Fltz- 
Puiii,  near  Credjton,  and  was  alreadjr  of 
grrst  afitiqtutjr  iti  Devon  when,  in  the 
nugn  of  Edward  III.,  Wiliiam  de  Egge- 
oonib  marriiN]  Hilhiria,  the  heir  of  Wil- 
Uam  de  Cot«»hele,  of  Cotehele  in  Corn- 
wall, and  removed  to  that  {»lao&  Be, 
who  may  be  regarded  aa  t1»e  founder 
of  the  ianiiljr,  died  in  1380,  and  waa 
iuceeeded  by  bia  aon,  WUliatn  Edge- 
combp  Esq.,  who  married  tbe  daagbtcr 
and  heir  of  Denaet*  Uii  grmndaon.  Sir 
Richard  Edgcomb,  knight,  joined  the 
Duke  of  Buckingham  n^inat  Hidiard 
lU.t  and  had  a  narrow  eicape  of  his  life 
after  the  defeat  and  execution  of  that 
noblcmao.  But  making  bb  way  into  Brit- 
tany he  enrolled  himielf  under  the  banner 
of  the  Earl  of  Richmond,  and,  returning 
to  England,  participated  iu  tbe  victory  of 
Botworth.  He  was  appointed  comptroller 
of  hli  houAehotd  by  the  new  monareh,  and 
obtained,  likewise,  grant*  of  the  oaatle, 
honour.  &jc^  of  Totnea,  and  the  manor  of 
Coaworthy,  with  various  othvr  hinda  in 
the  county  of  Devon,  of  which  shire  he 
•erved  the  ofRce  of  sheriif  in  1487.  Sir 
Ricbfird  died  in  1499,  and  waa  succeeded 
by  his  son,  Sir  Pien  Edgeomht  K.B.,  who 
was  Sheritf  of  Devonshire  in  the  10th  and 
13tb  of  Henry  VIL  In  the  6lh  of  Henry 
VI 11*  he  was  in  the  eicpedition  against 
Vja.niM>,  and  wits  nmde  a  knight-banneret 
for  his  valiHTit  conduct  at  the  sieges  of 
Terotinne  and  'I'oTiniay,  and  at  the  battle 
of  the  Spurs,  His  cldent  son.  Sir  Klctuird 
Kdgcomb,  k»i|fht,  who  served  the  office 
<if  Sbcriflf  of  Devonshire  in  the  35th  of 
Hmiry  VIIL  snd  Ist  of  Mary,  eroetod  the 
stately  toansion  at  BHStStonehouse,  called 
I^OID  htm  Mount  Edgcomb,  and  waa  sue* 
eaoded  by  bU  eldest  son,  Pt'ter  Edgcomb, 
Eaq..  M.P.  for  the  county  of  Cornwall 
and  8|}cri1f  of  D^von  temp.  RlisalMSthj 
whose  grandson,  l^ni  Edgcumbe,  waa  a 
12 


noted  loTaliit,  nnd  hk  son 
enmbe  wna  mndie  one  of  Iba  knl^ta  of 
the  Eath  previoos  to  tbe  oanntiitm  4]f 
King  Charles  11^  in  ordor  to  nttead  tiuft 
laeremonj.  He  married  Lndy  Annn  M^ 
tagti,  aeoond  snrvmng  dnnghler  of  E4< 
ward,  Edrl  of  Sandwrch.  and  1 
oeeded  at  his  decease,  in  1G88,  bj  hUi  onl 
surviving  son,  Richard  Edgecfnmbi; 
who  was  the  first  pei  r  of  tlie  family. 

Richard  Edgecumbe  was  member  fbr 
Cornwall  in  the  time  of  King  Willisin, 
and  he  nt  Ibr  other  plioes  during  the  r»- 
maindo^  of  that  reign  and  in  tbe  ban- 
ning of  Queen  Annexe.  He  waa  oooiti- 
tuted  one  of  the  Lords  of  the  Treasisry  in 
1716 ;  and  be  waa  elevated  to  the  peerage 
April  dOtb,  1742,  la  Baron  Edgcnmbe. 
His  Lordship  waa  appointed  in  the  folio v- 
ing  year  Chancellor  of  the  Dochj  of 
Lancaster.  He  married  Matilda,  daugh- 
ter of  Sir  Henry  Forney,  BuH.,  oC^ 
Woldrnbare,  £ent,  and  dying  in  1758^^ 
waa  anooeeded  by  his  elder  son.  Richar4*j 
aecondlmroa,  who  died  unmarried  in  176l( 
when  the  barony  devolvwl  upon  hii] 
brother  George,  third  fatirou,  who 
created  Viscount  Mount  Edgcnmbe  andl 
Valletort,  February  17th,  1781,  and 
of  Monnt  Edgcnmbe,  Angnst  18th,  1781 
His  Lord»hip  married,  in  1761,  Emni%^ 
only  dnnghter  and  heiress  of  his  Graoft 
John  Gilbert,  D.D.,  Archbishop  of  Yorl 
by  whom  he  had  an  only  son,  Rtcl 
the  father  of  the  deceased  peer 
Earl,  who  waa  bred  to  tbe  naval  scrvieeb 
and  attained  tbe  rank  of  Admiral  of  the 
Blue,  dioU  Febmary  4th,  1795,  and  waa 
succeeded  by  his  son  Richard,  second  Earl« 
Lord -Lieutenant  and  Cnatoa  Rotnlomm 
of  the  County  of  Cornwall,  bom  8epteni» 
bcr  13th,  1764,  married.  Febniory  21«t^| 
1789,  Sophia,  third  dnnghter  and  oo*heir 
of  John,  seoond  Earl  of  Bnckinghamihirev 
by  whom  he  had  iasne  Ernest  Augnstni^ 
the  peer  now  deceased. 

Earl  FottTisomi,  K.G. 

Stpt  14.  At  Exeter,  aged  78,  Hugh 
Earl  Porteacne,  K.O^  Lord  Licutetumt  i 
lX*vonshireu 

Tlie  decensed,  Earl  Forfctscne,  Visconn 
Ebrington,   GluooeBtenhircb    and    Ban 


I 


y 


1861 .]      Earl  Forlescue,  K.G.—Sir  Francis  Palgrave,  K,  U.     441 


FortcscQe,  was  the  eldest  son  of  Hugh, 
firafc  Earl  Fort<**iciiL*,  by  Esther,  third 
dttlgliter  of  the  late  Right  Uv^n.  George 
Oren7iU&  He  wiis  l>orii  Ft'brttary  13, 
17H3,  and  was  educiitcd  at  Brasonoae 
College,  Oxford.  wlitTu  he  g^radimted  B*A, 
in  1803,  and  M.A,  in  1810.  He  niRmed, 
flrat,  July  4,  1817,  Lady  Suann  Ttyder, 
eklest  daughter  of  Dudley,  fir»t  Enrl  of 
iarrowby,  wbo  died  in  Jaly,  1827,  by 
hoin  he  bud  issQo  Hugh,  Viscount 
Kbringtoti  (now  Earl  Fort*?s€ne),  and  two 
other  iona.  The  late  Earl  married,  se- 
condly, July  26,  1841,  ElixaWth,  eldest 
daughter  of  the  late  Mr.  Piers  Geule, 
and  widow  of  Sir  Maraua  t^omerville. 

The  decetised  nohlewBD  bad  for  many 
ye«rB  been  a  sfiiilous  supporter  of  the 
Whig  party,  nttd  had  dune  gootl  icrvice 
to  bis  political  frieiKU  dorittg  his  long 
career  in  the  ilonse  of  Commons,  more 
eapecially  during  the  Re  form  agitation. 
He  first  eutercnl  the  House  of  Commotis 
as  representative  for  the  borough  of  Barn- 
staple, which  be  represented  5*0111 1804  to 
18C^,  and  then,  in  1820,  was  returned  to 
the  sume  assembly  for  Tavistock,  which  be 
represented  up  to  1831.  In  that  year  he 
wai  elected  for  the  northern  division  of 
Devon,  which  he  represented  till  1839, 
when  be  was  summoned  to  the  Houi^e  of 
Peer«  in  hi*  father'*  barotiy  of  Forttscue, 
and  he  succeeded  to  the  family  honours 
on  June  16,  1841,  During  the  tiiue  be 
■at  in  the  Hoiue  of  CommoTw  be  stren- 
nously  supported  the  Uliig  party,  and, 
aliliongb  not  taking  an  eminent  position 
in  either  branch  of  the  Legislature,  be  still 
retained  influence  with  his  political  fnends; 
thtis  he  became  a  PrtTy  Councillor  in 
1839,  and  a  Knight  of  the  Garter  in  18&6. 
From  April,  1839,  until  Sir  Robert  PeeFft 
on  to  power  in  the  autumn  of  18^11, 
the  office  of  Lurd- Lieutenant  of 
Iretand;  and  from  July,  1846,  on  tbe  re- 
turn of  bis  party  to  offioi\  to  March,  1850, 
wai  Lord  Steward  of  her  Majesty 'a 
loQsebold.  On  the  rctigaAtion  of  his 
fnther,  some  twenty  ycuri  back,  bo  waa 
a[ipoiuted  Lord -Lieutenant  and  Yice- 
Admirul  of  the  county  of  Devon.  For 
yean  be  was  coluuel  of  the  Ist 
I  KiUUji,  which  he  ret^igued  iu  1855. 
GuTT,  Mio,  Vol.  CCXL 


The  deceased  peer  waa  High  Steward 
of  Barnataple  and  South  Molton,  Mcse- 
Preaident  of  University  College,  LondoUj 
a  D.C.L.  of  Oxford,  and  a  Fellow  of  thu 
li4>yid  Society  J  he  had  ulso  figured  in  the 
paths  of  literature,  having  published  a 
selection  from  the  speeches  ond  writinga 
of  the  late  Lord  King  (father  of  the  pre- 
sent Earl  of  Lovelace),  with  a  memoir. 
He  had  been  in  a  delicate  state  of  health 
for  some  time  past,  but  feeling  better,  he 
w^ent  fi*om  London  to  Exeter  on  Septem- 
ber 13,  accompanieil  by  liis  medi(?al  man, 
on  his  way  to  Castle -hill  (North  Devon), 
his  lordship's  family  residence.  He  »!ept 
that  night  at  the  bouse  of  Mr.  H,  Ford^ 
the  Clerk  of  the  Peace  for  the  county  of 
Devon,  but  next  morning  alarming  symp- 
toms were  vliihle,  and  be  gradually  sank, 
and  died  in  the  afternoon, 

Hugh  Fortescue,  the  18th  Horon  Clin- 
ton, waa  created  Earl  Clinton  and  Baron 
Fortescue  in  1746.  He  waa  encceeded  in 
the  barony  of  Fortescue  by  bis  half- 
brother  Matthew,  who  was  the  grand- 
fatbop  of  the  deceased.  He  is  succeeded  in 
hia  titlc8  by  Hugh,  bis  ehlcst  son,  who  was 
bom  April  4,  1818,  and  married,  March 
11,  1847,  Georgina  Augusta,  eldest  daugh- 
ter of  the  late  Right  Hon.  Lieut,-CoL  Q. 
L*  Dawson  Darner,  by  whom  he  has  a 
youthful  family.  The  present  peer,  wbo 
was  educated  at  Harrow  School,  waa  M,l*. 
for  Plymnuth  from  July,  1841,  to  the 
same  month  in  1852,  and  represented 
Marykhone  from  December,  185't,  to 
February,  1859,  when  he  retiretl  in  con- 
sequence of  impaired  health.  He  was  a 
Lord  of  the  Treasury  for  a  short  time, — 
yi*.  from  July,  18-16,  to  December,  18^*7, 
and  was  for  some  years  Secretary  to  the 
Poor  Law  Bt>ard,  an  office  which  he  re- 
iigncd  in  1851.  In  1842  he  was  apfiolnted 
Major  of  the  North  Devon  Yeomanry 
Cavalry,  of  which  corps  he  beoaTue  Colonel 
in  1851,  and  he  was  summitned  to  tho 
House  of  Peers  in  1859»  in  bui  fatber*! 
barony  of  Fortescue, 


8lB  FeaSCIB  PiLQlUTK,  KJI. 

Jvl^  fi.  At  Hnm}>stead,  ngetl  72,  Sir 
Francis  Pjilgrave,  K.H.,  Deputy -Keeper 
of  the  Public  Kecords, 

8a 


4J2 


OoiTrARY. — Sir  Franca  Palffrare,  K.JT. 


[Oct. 


Tlie  tlcc€USc4l  wua  bom  in  London,  in 
Jtily«  ITBSy  and  waa  of  Jewlab  piiroitoge, 
being  the  son  of  Mr.  Meyer  Colictn,  long 
ft  fiealihj  member  of  tbe  Stoek  Exchange. 
He  was  edncated  at  home,  under  the  care 
of  Dr.  Montneci,  and  from  }iitn  he  Acqnirvd 
almost  a  natlve^s  facititj  in  Italian;  bat 
he  felt,  and  acknowledged  through  life, 
that  a  pahlk*achool  edacatioo  was  U>  he 
preferred  to  borae-cultore,  though  he  did 
credit  to  his  own  instmctor,  of  whom  he 
alwajs  spoke  with  greut  adminition. 

When  onljr  eight  yeari  old  be  gave 
proof  of  the  rcadinei*  with  which  he  maa- 
tiTed  other  langoagea,  by  trtnahitiiig  the 
"Battle  of  the  Frog»  and  Mice,"  attri- 
bnt«d  to  Homer,  into  French*  from  the 
Latm  version  by  Beanclerc  Thit  little 
volume,  printed  in  1797,  remaini  a  proof 
of  the  indulgent  fondness  of  a  parent,  whoi» 
in  the  short  notice  prefixed  by  way  of  pre- 
&ce,  reoordf  both  his  own  a0ection  aud  the 
unstinted  care  bestowed  on  hii  child.  It 
was  not  for  long,  however,  that  this  culti- 
TstioD  was  continued ;  nsvenet  shatternl 
Mr.  CohenV  fortmiei,  and  at  the  sge  of 
tisteeii,  his  sckh  found  himeelf  wakened 
from  dj^eams  of  foreign  travel  and  the 
ei^oymeni  of  oompeteDoe^  to  the  neceisity 
of  warking  for  a  living.  A  life  of  toil 
then  commenced,  which  was  continued 
with  scarcely  any  break,  except  that  of 
ft  brief  sum  mer  holiday,  cozigiderably  more 
than  half  a  century.  Upon  the  breaking 
out  of  the  war  with  France,  1803,  Mr. 
Cohen  met  with  heavy  losses,  and  his  son 
was  articled  as  a  clerk  to  Messrs.  Loggin 
and  Smith,  solicitori,  of  Banngball-ctrfet 
He  remained  with  the  firm  after  the  ex- 
pimtion  of  his  articles,  acting  as  their 
managing  clerk  till  1822,  whrn  he  took 
chanibeni  in  King's  Ueticb-walk,  Ti^mpte, 
end  wss  employed  under  the  Record  Com- 
ibWoo.  Fhnn  an  early  period  be  had 
devoted  himself  with  great  ardour  to  lite- 
rary and  antiquarian  portutts,  and  in  1618 
1m  edited  a  eoUeetion  of  Anglo-Norman 
Cbftoacmt,  which  has  now  beoome  exceed- 
Iilgly  rare. 

In  1^21  he  first  gsve  aitentian  to  the 
p:'  r  the   Rccjrdi;  snd  among 

h»>  ii!«iice  is  a  letter  from  Lord 

BpenoeTi  Jtilyi  l&21f  ackjiowtedging  the 


rvce^pt  of  the  outlines  of  a  p^  foe  ^^^^ 
pabltcation.  Again,  in  August,  1S22;  a 
letter  from  Mr.  Hudsou  Onni«y  asys» 
*'  I  have  been  dining  at  Lord  Aberdeen's, 
There  was  a  meeting  of  the  Commisioa 
of  Records  this  morning,  when  Mr.Coben'a 
plan  was  proposed  by  Mr.Bragge  BstharsW 
and  ummimogrij  approved  of;  many  glo* 
nous  thiugs  being  a^  of  the  «fure-raco« 
tioned  Mr.  Cohen  on  all  sidea^" 

At  that  time  (ISm},  however,  lie  wnm 
to  have  been  undedded  what  eoune  of  ' 
life  to  adopt,  and  Mr.  H.  Gomey,  in  « 
letter  that  has  been  preserved,  advises 
him  to  put  up  either  "solicitor"  or  **hor- 
rtster  **  on  his  door,  and  not  to  refuse  a 
job  if  it  came  in  his  way. 

In  1823  be  had  attained  such  celebrllf 
as  a  literary  antiquary,  that  Sir  W.  Scoti« 
in  a  letter  dated  Abbotsford,  January  8^ 
writes  thus  to  Terry  in  reference  to  m 
proposed  translation  of  early  UermuB 
poetry ;  — ^  **  I  do  not  know  where  iueli 
an  interpreter  as  I  point  to  could  he 
found  1  but  a  litersl  jogtroittr^  such  aa 
translated  tbe  passsges  from  Goethe  .... 
would  never  make  a  profitable  job.  Tbe 
bibliopole  must  lay  bis  account  to  seek  out 
a  man  of  fancy,  and  pay  him  welL  J  sup- 
pose my  frieud  Cohen  is  ahov«  auperia^ 
tending  sudi  a  work,  oUuswise  be  Is  tho 
man  to  make  something  of  it.  Pt^rbspe 
he  might  be  indaced  to  take  it  in  hand 
for  the  lore  of  the  task.*' 

In  the  nme  year  (1823)  he  married 
Elisabeth,  daughter  of  the  late  Mr.  Daw. 
son  Turner,  of  Great  Yarmouth,  on  which 
occasion  he  obtained  the  royal  permiseiou 
to  diange  lus  name  of  Cohen  to  Pslgrave. 
that  being  the  maiden  name  of  his  wifvV 
mother.  He  was  called  to  tbe  bar  by  tbe 
Honourable  Society  of  tlie  Middle  Temple 
in  18S7»  and  for  several  years  was  em- 
ployed as  a  banister,  principally  in  pedi- 
gree ctieei  before  tbe  Uouie  of  Lords;  he 
therefore  relinquished  the  connexion  that 
he  had  long  maintained  as  a  oonttibutor 
to  tbe  *'  Edinburgh"  aud  "  Qnarti-rly"  Re- 
views. In  1801  he  piibiiahcd  aumall  "  His. 
tory  of  England'^  (In  thr  PnTnily  Lilfrary)^ 
and  in  the  following  irvd  hia 

*' liise  and  Progress  o*  t i  >  i  omoiotl* 

wealth/'  and  "  Ohservatiiiiis  on  the  Mufii* 


1861.] 


Obituary. — Sir  Francis  Pafp-ave,  K.H. 


443 


pics,  SiC.t  of  Now  Muntcipfil  Corporfttiona/* 
In  that  jrear  be  reccWed  tbe  honour  of 
kni^hthcKK]  in  acknowltHlgment  ofhU  con- 
tribation*  to  ocnHtittitir}na1  and  parliamen- 
tary hhtCfTjt  and  be  was  sobseiinc'iitlj  cute 
of  tbe  Municipal  Corporation*  Commia- 
sitmcffi,  though  bo  did  not  sign  tbe  Iteport. 
Oti  tbe  recnnstnictiou  of  tbe  Record  Service 
in  lH3ft,  be  wiii  iippoititcd  to  tbe  p-xst  of 
Deimty  Kets^ver  of  iler  M;»ji'ity*»  Records, 
wbieb  office  bo  held  up  to  the  period  of 
KiiadoofiMe.  Ifis  nftnuid  reports  in  early 
ycsra  Wfre  neeoinyinnled  by  valuable  np> 
pendixea,  prepurod  under  bia  direction,  but 
of  bite  Ibo  printing  of  these  was  discon- 
tinued, tbivni|;b  a  piece  of  unwifle  economy 
(m  the  part  of  the  Lordfl  of  the  Trefisiiry. 

The  writings  of  Sir  Francis  Palgrave, 
either  with  or  without  bis  name,  are  very 
numoroua-  Bes.de  bit  well-known  "  Calen- 
dar«  of  the  Treasury  of  tbe  Exchequer," 
**  Piirltaiueutary  Writs,"  "  Ciiiia  Rcgla 
Adcords,"  and  "  Docamenta  illustrative 
of  the  History  of  Scotland/*  all  issued 
vnder  Qovemment  wnuetiofn.  and  tbe 
works  already  mentione<f,  he  produced 
"The  Merchant  and  the  Friar," tin  imagi- 
nary history  of  Marco  Polo  and  Friar 
lkiooii»  which  e&bibiU  much  dry  linmotir, 
aiid  deals  many  hard  bl<>w§  at  the  favour- 
ite Liberal!  funcica  in  government  and  rcH- 
gimi  J  tbe  *'  Handbook  for  Travellers  iu 
Northern  Italy/*  remarkable  for  it«  early 
intimatian  of  views  of  art  that  are  now 
n>UAlIy  ascribed  to  Mr  Rnskln ;  and  his 
**  History  of  England  and  Normandy/'  Of 
this  work,  which  exhibits  many  marked 
peculiarities  in  style,  and  in  its  estimate  of 
liiatorical  characters,  tbe  €rst  volume  ap- 
peared in  1S51,  and  tbe  second  in  1857, 
3Interials  exist  to  carry  on  t lie  work  down 
to  the  death  of  Henry  I,  at  least,  if  not 
later,  and  it  is  probable  that  it  will  soon 
e«e  the  light.  Indeed  we  «re  informed 
that  the  publishers,  in  order  to  accommo- 
date 8ir  Francis,  have  printed  the  fourth 
volaiiie,  although  the  third  i*  n«  yet  in* 
oompliftei  as  neither  the  author  nor  bis 
ttwnih  anttctpated  the  sitdilen  decline  of 
health  which  fill  upon  him. 

A  few  yean*  ago  Sir  Francis  printed 
(fbr  private  distribution  only,  m  there  were 
Iml  ni  oopiea,)  a  i»uiib«r  of  firagmculs, 


**  Detached  Thoogbta  on  tbe  Polity  and 
EccledisstiCAl  History  of  the  Middle  Ages," 
such  as  the  relative  position  of  Church 
and  StAte,  the  influence  of  eoclcsiiistical 
institutions  on  iiteniture,  kc,  and  aUo 
a  story  in  the  style  of  tlie  "  Merchant  and 
Friar,'*  but  nnflniiihed,  and  probably  too 
frrtgmeutary  to  bear  puhlicfition*  Tiiis 
eontftiuft  briin.mt  de^k^riptions  of  scenes 
of  life  from  Edward  I.  to  Richard  II. 
-  Feudality,  Edwuj-d  L,  IL/'  "  The  Court 
Leet,"  "The  Villain  and  the  Labourer, 
Edward  III./*  "The  Money  Market, 
Riclmrtl  IL,"  arc  headings  of  some  of 
tbe  chapters.  The  description  of  the  busi- 
ness carried  on  in  Old  Hi.  l^aul**,  and  of 
the  church  itself,  is  very  iife-like  and 
curious. 

Tbo  Viiriety  of  subjects  treatc<l  on  In 
Sir  Francis'  contributitms  to  the  "  Quar- 
terly** and  •*  Edinburgh"  Kevicwa  bear 
evidence  to  tbe  grasp  and  versatility  of 
his  mind,  but  besides  these  tbe  qnniut 
humour  exhibited  in  "  The  Merchant  and 
the  Friar'*  la  remarkable,  a-*  sometbing 
less  to  be  expected  from  a  '*  black-letter 
in  An/'  Hut  this  humour  and  kindliihess, 
according  to  the  t^'stlmony  of  one  who 
had  good  opportunities  of  knowing  hi  in  iu 
the  family  circle,  was  bla  great  chariic- 
terifttic  :^ 

"  So  bright  and  playful,"  he  Mya,  "  waa 
his  mind,  so  exceeding  hi»  indulgence  and 
kindness,  tlwt  with  hU  children  be  ap- 
peared almost  as  a  boy  among  buys :  bead- 
ing them  in  their  talk,  joimni^  thtm  in 
their  childish  punning  matchrs*  telling 
them  stories,  alUgories  of  his  own  inven- 
tion, atid  scenes  from  history,  making  for 
tbrir  amu^*ment  (piaint  drawings  of  gob- 
Una  and  griffins^  and  Hhewing  them  the 
cuts  in  Gotfried*s  '  Cbrc»nicle/ 

'*  llrs  was  when  he  was  iu  his  prime,  when 
he  was  full  of  life,  hi^  mind  rejoicing  in  its 
activity,  and  his  life  bcautiiicit  and  inado 
precious  by  the  love  of  hia  dearest  wife, 
and  by  tbe  friendship  of  honourt^d  and 
honotmng  friends* 

"  But  in  18 1 7  he  parted  with  a  very 
dear  son  for  the  Eiint,  in  1952  the  bent 
part  of  hi?*  life  was  buried  lu  his  wife's 
grave,  Tiie  rcuniniiig  years  did  but  tell 
of  departing  fritnds  and  declining  powers 
both  of  body  and  mind,  though  the  bitter 
years  of  his  official  life  were  smoothed  to 
liim  by  tbe  moat  oousiderate-  care  of  Sir 
Jolm  komilij,  a  oom^arativo  stronger  till 


Obitxtart. — Sir  Francis  Palgrave,  K.II. 


[Oct 


the  time  of  h's  »ppointment  ra  MasW 
of  the  KoUiiif  hot  who  sbexied  him  the 
tit  most  kiiiilm'sti  and  fttt^titloti." 

Sir  Francis  was  for  manj  jetin  a  merD- 
bcf  of  the  RojaJ  Soctcty,  wid  he  always 
took  great  interest  in  the  meetingt,  and 
iu  watching  the  progreen  of  physical 
idenoe*  He  ha  i  the  happinesi  to  reckon 
among  his  intimate  friencU  Mr.  Hullam» 
Mr.  Hudson  Gurney,  Miss  Anna  Gnrney, 
and  Sir  Robert  H,  Iiiglts.  The  intimacy 
with  these,  which  be  wi  highly  valued,  laat^-d 
on  from  the  commencement  of  hia  career 
almost  to  its  close,  Mr.  Gnrnpy  being  the 
iole  sorvivor.  As  a  matler  of  conrse,  he 
was  more  or  less  acquainted  with  nil  the 
litermiy  celebrities  of  his  day;  and  the 
following  paasage  from  a  letter  of  Dr. 
Budge,  an  old  client  of  Mcsnrs.  Loggtn 
and  Smith,  shews  that  Lord  Bjroa  was 
among  them : — 

**  Bnt  among-  the  most  pleasing  of  events 
is  having  watched  your  proercfts,  and  the 
eminence  to  which  your  tuleiit^  and  de* 
serts  liave  raided  you.  Almost  the  last 
time  I  met  poor  Lord  Byron  yon  formed 
one  of  the  topics  of  our  conversation,  and 
1  reciHfllcct  his  words,  *  Depend  on  it,  that 
man  will  be  at  the  tip  top  of  whatever 
ptirsait  ho  emitnrks  in ;' — it  is  not  often 
that  a  poet  is  »o  good  a  prophet." 

A  list  of  many  of  bia  articles  in  the 
" Quarterly"  and  *' Edinbur^'h  *  Reviews 
18  given  beloMr»»  as  to  a  certain  extent 


•  Bmad't  Popular  Aatiquitie«,  Quarttrly^  July, 
1814;  ParaJiw  of  Coquetteis  <3uarf«r/y,  Oct., 
IHli;  Herbert's  Help*,  Ldinbitrgh,  June;  IA15; 
Dunlop'f  HhtoTT  or  Fictioa,  (iuarteriy^  iulj^ 
ISlfl  ;  Ancient  German  and  JTorthprn  Poetry, 
Mtimhurgh,  Feb.,  181« ;  Goetlie**  Life  of  Himfclf, 
Ettinbargh^  June,  1810;  French  I&voKion  of  tb« 
Tyrol*  EUnburfh,  Sept,,  1816;  Titrkiwh  Acctmnt 
o(  Wsm  with  RuMift.  Kdi^burpK  Dec,  I8ie ; 
Kiss  Pt^rdcn'n '■  V  '"■':■  '  '  J uin.,  1S17 ;  Go* 
etW*  MemuLp^,  1817 ;  TraveLt 

la  CAU«aauiiiDO  A,  Ail(^.,  UlT  ; 

MilUo,  Voyage  i-o  italie.  i^dmhurgh,  Nov.,  1«17  j 
The  {!lUt««  of  W»rtpmh*T|f,  Sttinhnrffk,  Feb., 
IMiS  ;  Aiv  -  n^tilautl,  (^fii^rlrr/y, 

Mijr.   IHi  Hp,iiii,  £4iHhurs§h, 

Dec-,   l»slt  ,  ..„.,.. Sur^etf  Litrr.ittiff, 

iiuatUrijf,  J<iri..  IHIU  ;  Aneleitt  Lain*  And  Cod* 
•tltnfi^m  rrf  t^r  rr^snns.  E'tffibur(fh^  JwJjr.  iHtft, 
P*>|  Aic<^,  QMitr- 

Ur  iif  the  ftoin- 

ilil*.>piii%  ^,^M.*o.fr  i;f«,  Aiir  '^'  -naady— 

Anrliiuetimr  of  iUe   UlOdU  uttrl^. 


ill  nitrating  his  life;  tome  few  we  have 
nr^t  been  able  to  trace.  His  contribu* 
tiouA  were  mainly  in  two  periodic  the 
first  1815—1821,  the  iecond  latO— lS«6w 
The  first  period  contains  by  far  the  f^«*at4sr 
number,  for  this  waa  the  time  when  ba 
gave  op  his  stilary  from  the  lawyer**  of- 
^c**  to  his  father,  nnd  ^npportcd  htmarlf 
by  writing  reviews.  The  seccmd  «ct  of 
articles  were  nia'nly  iUustrative  of  hta 
History,  or  to  malse  use  of  msterials  ao- 
quired  in  hts  preparation  of  the  "  Hand- 
book of  North  Italy."  The  article  on  tU« 
**  Fin©  Arts  in  Florence''  m«y  be  men- 
tioned as  a  goncl  example  of  Ids  rangv  of 
mind ;  the  graphic  dracriplions»  the  know- 
ledge of  local  and  general  history,  tba 
views  on  art,  then  new,  but  since  wideljf 
adopted,  the  hntred  of  tyranny  and  in- 
juatioe,  veiled  however  brilliantly,  art 
characteristics  which  will  be  rocognlseil 
by  those  who  knew  him. 

Part  of  this  article  (p.  31S,  parngraph 
beginning  "  Let  him  visit  the  huge  For*- 
tezsn  da  BaMO,*^  reoeived  the  curious 
compliment  of  being  selected  by  the 
forger  of  Shelley's  "  Letters*'  (which  ap- 
peared aboni  1853)  as  worthy  of  figuring 
a»  tbe  poet's  writing  i  this  led  one  of  hia 
sons,  who  remembered  the  paasage,  to  tbfl 
discovery  of  the  forgery. 

In  attempting  to  estimate  tUe  Sf^nricee 
of  Sir  Francis  l^atgrave  to  literature^  it 


Aprllt  18S1 ;  Afltrolofry  &iid  Alchemy ,  Quart  ft  Ig^ 
Oct.,  1821 ;  CourU  of  the  Anciwit  KnirUiih  Coia- 
tnon  l4iw,  £dinhitrgh,  Pi>h.,  U23;  AfpUoitlail 
snd  Intent  of  the  Ysriims  Styles  of  Arcliltoe» 
ture,  Qwtrierlif*  Jan..  ISiS;  Orij^n  of  EqttiUbls 
Jofitdictioii,  (Jirar/rr/y.  June,  11^^ ;  AnfrlcHSajtoa 
Hifbory,  tiuatUrJjf^  June,  1825;  Eecordt  sad 
Kf^^tntiontt,  Quartifrlp^  Jan.,  1629;  Mr- Gaily 
KutRbt'e  Architeduml  Tours^  Edtuburifh^  April, 
18^13;  The  Fine  Art*  in  Floroioe,  Quart*rff^ 
Jane,  INU  i  f:ieetJon  Cummittces  sad  Retristtii- 
tion  of  Elector*,  Qtsnrtf^tp,  Mareb«  I«I3 ;  Mc- 
difcvml  Kslendisrv  --  SaiaU*  Dsj-a,  Qtk*tltrff, 
Msrcht  1843;  Queens  of  Fr«a«e  snd  Boynl 
Fwvourites,  Quarterlff,  Mi»rch«  IMtl;  Victor 
IJu^n'i  Letter*  ou  the  KhUte.  Qttartrrtpt^  Msrch, 
IM^;  Life  nnd  Woikii  of  8tfmii.wdi,  Qimr» 
Uritf^  Sept,,  1*M ;  Tluror  mul  hr*  Inffuenoa  on 
Ilietorr,  Qtmrtert^^  M«rch,  1S44;  The  OrM- 
fjut'st  and  t ho  Conqueror,  Qunrirri^^  Oct.,  tN4| 
Couvovatlun,  Quartfrt^^  Mirch,  IftIS ;  Gnlty 
Kul^ht,  «7id  DunACQ  on  EMteidaslioal  Arolilti»- 
ttUT,  Qmartrrtp,  Msretl,  IMS. 


I8G1,]      OBiTVAnY,—  Vice'Adm,  Sir  Thas,  Herbert,  K.C.B.      445 


tuny  be  nemnrkwi,  prohnl)ly  with  gen<** 
ml  concurronee.  thril  he  ehnrts  with  Ms 
fViend  Mr«  Hallam  the  m<*nt  of  hiiving' 
fonnded  the  modem  school  of  hiBtoricad 
criticiwtt  on  the  Middle  Age«,  and  that  tis 
regninU  Aiiglo-Suxon  timci  not  much  hxie 
b«en  fulded  to  his  onipnnt  inveatigattons, 
thoui^h  K  em  hie  and  later  labnureps  have 
since  him  explored  the  field.  Hi«  Bervice§ 
in  eonnexion  with  the  Public  Record*  hiive 
had  the  effect  of  inducing  a  habit  of  con- 
sulting them,  and  thui  tt  foundntion,  nt 
least*  is  laid  for  certain  knowledge  of  our 
own  history.  His  labonr»,  however^  were 
not  merely  hiatoricftb  even  in  the  widest 
senite  of  the  t^rra*  and  his  crili<|iies  on 
architecture  tire  certainly  entitled  to  n 
protDinent  place  among  the  cauac«  of  the 
Ckithic  reriral,  whicb,  after  somo  fiuctna- 
tions,  seems  abont  to  settle  down  in  the 
form  that  he  contende^l  fmm  the  first— that 
is,  not  •  simple  and  mindless  repetition  of 
early  work,  but  »n  intelligent  re-creation, 
which  shall  embrace  all  thi^t  is  really  good 
in  modern  as  well  as  ancient  art,  and  fuse 
it  into  one  barmoniotis  whole. 


Vics.Aphibal  Siu  Thomas  Mebbert, 

Av^ff.  4.  In  Cadogan-phice,  aged  68, 
Vice-Aiimiral  *Sir  Thomas  Herbert^  K*C.U. 

This  dxstin^ifbed  ofBcer  wns  bom  at 
Cahimnne,  co.  Kerry,  in  1793.  He  en- 
tered tbe  navy  on  July  2:),  lBi»3,  n,x  first- 
rlaa  volunteer  oti  board  the  '*  Kxevllent/* 
74,  Capt.  F.  Sotheron,  and  proceeding  to 
tbe  Mediterranean  was  rated  a  midiiliip- 
man  the  following  year.  After  serving  at 
the  defence  of  Gaeta  and  the  capture  of 
Capri,  he  removed  to  the  "Blonde,"  38, 
Capt,  V«  V.  Bsllard,  and  was  present,  in 
December,  1807,  at  the  redaction  of  the 
Danish  West  India  Islands.  On  the  1st 
of  August,  1S09,  ae  a  reward  for  the 
gallant  conduct  be  exhibited  while  prize- 
master  of  *'  L' Alert,"  20,  be  was  nominated 
by  Sir  Aleximder  Cochrane  to  a  lientensney 
in  his  flagship,  the  "  Neptune/'  98.  On 
October  19,  1814,  he  was  advanced  to 
the  rank  of  Commander,  bat  in  conse- 
qnence  of  tbe  close  of  the  wur,  he  long 
refoainod  on  bulf-psiy. 


In  1821  be  was  nppo»ntc<l  to  the 
'*  latnis,"  :0,  fitting  for  the  Jamaica 
station ;  whence  he  removed  on  May  6, 
1822,  to  tbe  "Carnation/*  18,  find  wjw 
posted  on  the  25th  of  November  following 
to  a  death  vacancy  in  the  **  Taiimr/*  ^6. 
Com  man  ding  that  ves^l  until  she  was 
paid  off  in  Auguiit.  1823,  Capt.  Herbert 
succeeded  during  that  time  in  destroying 
three  piratical  ve^^ek  on  tbe  coasts  of 
Cuba  and  Yucatan. 

On  Xovembcr  10.  1837,  having  been 
ashore  for  a  period  of  fourteen  years,  he 
was  appointetl  to  the  command  of  the 
"  Calliope,'*  2<>,  and  procevderl  to  the 
Bmzils,  where,  until  the  arrival  of  Com- 
mixlorc  T.  B.  Snlivan,  be  discharged  the 
duties  of  senior  officer.  He  was  suhs^e- 
quently  ordered  to  assnme  tbe  com m and 
of  the  navid  force  in  Rio  de  la  Plata.  In 
Jrtnnary,  1840.  be  proceedcil  to  join  Rear- 
Ad  miral  C,  B.  H.  Boss  at  Valparati^, 
whcnco  in  the  following  June  he  saiiled 
for  Chitii!.  Arriving  in  the  Canton  river 
on  the  10th  of  October,  Cs^pt.  Hcrlx-rt 
assumed,  and,  until  the  arrival  of  Rcar- 
Admiral  the  Hon,  OtHjrge  Eliot  on  the 
20th  of  November,  retain*  d,  the  commancl 
of  the  blockading  force.  On  January  7, 
1841,  while  in  command  of  the  advanced 
•qnadron  off  the  Bocca  Tigris,  he  con- 
ductod  tbe  attack  made  on  the  enemy's 
forti  at  Chuenpee,  where  were  dcstmyeil 
eleven  powerful  junks,  and  on  the  23nl  of 
February,  being  nt  the  time  on  board  the 
*'  Nemesis,"  he  effectc<l  tbe  destruction  of 
a  20-gtin  battery  at  the  back  of  the  island 
of  Aiiungboy.  Three  days  afterwards, 
while  in  tbe  **  Calliope,"  he  beaded  tbe 
operations  against  tbe  Bogne  Forts ;  and 
on  the  27th  (with  a  part  of  the  squadron 
nnder  liis  orders)  attacked  the  enetny's 
camp,  furt.  and  ship  **  CMmbridge/*  bear- 
ing tbe  Chinese  Admimrs  flag,  at  their 
position  near  \\lmtiipoa,  where  ninety -eight 
gnus  were  destroyed.  On  the  13th  of 
March^  after  capturing  the  la-ft  fort  pro- 
tecting the  approaches  to  Canton,  Crtpt. 
Herbert's  squadron  advanced  towards  that 
dtj,  and  on  tbe  l^tli  attacked  all  the 
batteries  and  if o  ilia  in  its  vicinity;  and 
af^er  a  severe  conflict  of  two  boors  and 
a-bolf,  during  which  time  all  the  former 


vm 


OBiTtTART. — Samuel  Leigh  SUkdf,  E$f*,  F.S.A.       [< 


WM  doiroyvi  mA^  tbe  btter  burnt,  khtf 
was  Mm  to  ^Infc  lb*  Brituh  fiaf  on  the 
walk  oTUic  Vsetory,  thai  pi«ciB«  toteHj 
in  tbcir  power  tbe  city  of  Qiuuig-toi]^. 
lo  tlie  moDtb  oT  Jnoe  Ciqri*  Herbert  «ac- 
iendrf.  owing  to  the  deslh  of  Sir  H.  F. 
BeobooM,  to  tbo  oommaDd:  of  the  wholo 
fene  in  tb«t  rirer,  and  on  tbe  arrrnd 
AarOf  nllerwsrdi  of  Re»r-Admirftl  Sir 
W,  Parkier  m  eoamiuidcT-in-chief»  be  wae 
remored  to  tbe  "  Blenbeim/'  73,  in  wbicb 
•bip,  in  tbe  ooorBe  of  ike  following  montba^ 
he  nettled  with  great  di«tinctioa  at  tbe 
eeptore  of  Amoj^  tbe  retaking  of  Cbuaaa, 
and  tbe  rednction  of  Cbongbae.  On  tbe 
kUer  ooeaiioo  be  landed  in  oommaiid  of 
tbe  Hgfat  eolimin  of  attack,  oooriilii^  of 
iipmrdi  of  700  seamen  and  Karinea^  and 
etonoed  and  carried  tbe  dtadel  aitnate  on 
tbe  left  bank  of  the  Tingbae  river.  Alter 
being  pnxent  at  the  varrender  of  Xhtgpo, 
be  returned  to  Mong-kong  in  Febrttarf, 
1842,  and  resumed  the  comntand  of  tbe 
■qoadron  in  the  Canton  river.  Sir  Tbomaa 
for  bia  gaUantrj  and  tneritoriona  aervicea 
waa  rewarded  with  the  title  of  Knight 
Comnuuider  of  the  Bath,  and  returned 
borne  in  tbe  '*  Blenheim "  in  March, 
1S48. 

In  Janaary,  1847,  he  was  appointed 
Commodore  oti  the  aoath-catt  coait  of 
America,  and  tarred  tbe  usual  period; 
thie  wai  bis  laat  command.  From  Febm- 
ary  nntU  December,  1852,  tbe  Duke  of 
Northumberland  being  then  First  Lord, 
be  wne  one  of  the  Junior  Lirds  of  the 
Admiral t J,  He  reprcaeuttd  Dnrtmouth 
in  the  Hoose  of  Commont  fr^tm  Julv,  1852, 
tni  April,  1857;  hut  couteatcd  that  borough 
nnMcccafftdly  in  1859.  Tbe  Ute  Admintra 
OOmmiMunt  bore  rkte  om  follows :— Lieot, 
Oolobir  10,  IBlK*;  capt^  Novemljer  26, 
1822;  ppar-adttjiml,  October  26,  1S52; 
and  vice-admiral,  December  8,  1857. 


SAMirXL  LtTOE  SOTMEBT,  ESQ.,  F.S.A. 

Jmm  19,  At  Buckfiistlejgh  Ahlwy,  De\'on- 
•hire,  agod  55,  Samuel  Leigh  hwitbeh/, 
K»q.,tbe  eminent  l>o«ifc'anctioncer.  Fellow 
of  the  8€K'i*?t,\  of  AntiqiiMricn  qiid  of  the 
Boyal  Ocograi»hica1  and  Numisuuittc  So- 
fictiai. 


The  drmmalancw  of  tW  do^  of  IM 
geatlemsn  are  vcfj  iliiTiiiaii>|^>  AfWr 
lunching  in  good  ^nrita  with  Ha  hemSfy, 
beatarted,  aawaa  bia  enaUiin,  te  a  mftliii 
nwtke  Abbey  raina;  not  i^voia^  bia 
abaeoee  eanaed  Intcnae  anaictyj  bat  il 
WM  not  till  the  next  moming  that  laia 
body  waa  {bond  in  tbe  rirer  Dart,  la  rery 
•hallow  water.  Froai  endeaea  belbra  tb* 
coroner,  it  appeaiad  tbat  Mr.  ScUteby  waa 
vubject  to  punting  fits,  and  it  ia  iiiihh— wj 
that  be  waa  aoddrnly  seixed  wftb  heart 
dlieaie  when  near  the  brink  of  tbe  rivar« 
The  Terdict  waa  "Found  drowned.**  Mr« 
Solbeby  had  recently  taken  a  laaae  of  tlia 
Abbey,  where  he  anticipated  modi  eqjoy* 
ment  firom  the  beauties  of  the 
and  from  liter-jiry  occnpationa. 

Mr.  Sotbeby  waa  the  reproMStaliva  af 
a  fkmily  which  baa  fioariabed  in  tbe  m«« 
tropoUs  for  117  yean^  aa  the  principal 
aoctiooeers  of  hook%  ooina,  and  oljeola  al 
Tertm.  Tbe  tnt  fonnder  of  tbe  oonova 
in  1744  waa  Mr.  Samud  Baker*,  who  wai 
■ocoeeded  by  Mr.  George  Leigh  ^  and 
Mr.  John  Sothehy,  tba  iMfkew  of  Mr. 
Baker ;  which  firm  was  afterwards  joined 
by  Mr.  Samuel  Sotheby ',  On  some  on* 
fortunate  dingreement,  Mr.  Sothehy  aenior 
retirt^  from  the  business,  which  wat  «Br* 
ried  on  under  the  name  of  Letgb  and 
Sotheby  tiU  Mr.  Leigh's  death  in  1815, 
and  afterwards  by  Mr,  iSotheby  ston#,  till 
be  was  joined  by  his  son,  Mr.  Letgh 
Sotheby.  On  the  fatber^s  death  in  184S, 
Mr.  Leigh  Sotheby  continued  alone,  tiH 
joim^  in  1843  by  Mr.  John  Wilkinson, 
on  wljom  have  for  lome  time  deroWed  the 
srlUng  part  end  msnagemcnt  of  tho  hnsi* 
neoi,  in  cotisequofice  of  Mr.  Leigh  Sotheby's 
state  of  health.  In  cataloguing  rare  books 
and  M8Sl,  and  in  general  snperrinon,  tba 


*  Of  Mr.  Bskrr  an  occoimt  will  be  found  ia 
NIohoU'a  "  IMentf  Anecdotes,"  *nd  in  Dr.  Df^ 
difi'f  «  DeoRinenD,**  where  then  Is  a  ^ood  par^ 
tmit  of  hill). 

"  Mr.  Lflicb  died  la  IftlS.  See  uotittm  U  bba 
in  J4icb.7l§*»  *  Litenuy  Aaeedotc<,"  ''    » t. 

B{4u.  tat  IN  15,  and  for  ApHU   i  it 

p.  443.    Th«]Y  il  a  fionrsAt  of  _.  ^  .    uy 

Mr.Ilchm*.  the  <*mir»mt  ncVk\\^\t)f. 

•  A  nicfTiHlf  of  Mr.  Stttituri  Sotbeby^  wtUtaa  by 
hi*  •iin,  wUt  )k>  iound  la  Gaar.  ]f4Q.  Urn  1H2^ 
vol,  ivli,  p.  443, 


Mm«  i,-.^i  ^i: 


1861 .]     Obitv Any.— Samuel  Leiyh  Soiheby,  E.sq.,  RS.A,         i  17 


ictivity  of  Mr.  Sotheby  found  full  em- 
ploy merit. 

Mr-  Leigh  Sothcby  wjis  the  yoafi^  Km 
of  Mr.  Samuel  Sothcby,  by  bis  first  wife, 
niM  Hnrriett  B«rton,of  the  UU  of  Wight, 
He  wiis  horn  Augiwt  31,  1805,  and  in  1^12 
raurrkd  Julio  Eiuma*  youiigi'st  datih^hter 
of  Henry  Jones  Pitcher,  K-iq,,  of  North- 
fleet,  Kent,  by  whom  he  has  left  two 
daugbWrs^  Alicia  MtiHan  and  Rowt  lUnry; 
and  only  one  »tirviving  son,  Frederic  Petit 
Wilkinaon,  nged  12  ji^rn.  (Another  fton 
Bitnl  young.)  There  \s  an  cicellent  photo- 
graph  of  Mr.  Solbeby,  tftken  by  bid  wife, 
repn^sciiting  him  at  whole  hangtb,  itudy- 
itig  an  Etriwcan  vase. 

Mr,  Sotheby  lived  for  some  years  in  » 
delightftil  resid  ncc  Wf»odlands,  Kurwood. 
It  happening  to  be  near  the  8pc»t  where  the 
Crystnl  P«hu'«  wag  ert-cted,  Mr,  Sotheby 
tot»k  a  preat  interest  in  it,  wrote  some 
pMnphleUi  respecting  it*  management,  and 
Wwa  a  contributor  of  the  model  (in  it«  ac- 
tual BiSM?)  of  tliG  mouumtiitttl  cross,  ercnt- 
ed  to  a  Sothcby,  in  I'ockFmgton  church- 
yard, Yorkahlre,  At  Woodltinda  he  had 
collected  a  ron«iderab1e  niiniWr  of  valu- 
able cabinet  paintings,  whidi  he  1at4?ly 
e!(hlblted  to  the  public  gmtuitoualy  in 
the  new  Klne  Art  Auction  ( tallery,  erected 
f..r  MeAsrs.  Sotheby  and  WiikioAon  in 
North  Wellington -street,  an  an  addition 
to  their  hooie  of  business,  solely  for  the 
more  advintageoua  di^potud  of  pictures, 
antiquities,  curiosities*  and  works  of  art. 

Meisrs;  8otbchy  and  Son  printed  in 
182B  a  lifft  of  the  nutnerona  culleclioni 
which  bad  been  told  by  Measriu  Uaker, 
Leighy  and  Sotheby,  from  1714  to  1S2H, 
including  the  libraries  of  mnny  of  the 
most  eminent  whohirs  and  collet' tors.  A 
oom^iiete  scries  of  these  cntalogucs,  with 
the  purcba*er«*  names  and  prices,  which 
had  been  prcservetl  by  the  firm,  la  now  in 
the  British  Museum,  And — together  with 
the  sale  c>tt4iblogue»  of  Evani*  of  Pali  ^lall, 
now  also  in  the  national  library  —  will 
dottbtleia  bo  very  uacfiil  to  future  biblio- 

The  following  is  a  list  of  Mr.  Sotheby's 
pabl  I  options  t — 

^*  Unpublished  Docnmenti,  Marginal 
Note»»  and  Memoranda  In  the  Autq^phs 


of  Philip  Mvlimcthon  and  Mnrtin  Luther, 
with  nuracTGUs  Fac-simllt's ;  accnmpnnk'd 
with  Observations  upon  the  Varietit^  of 
Style  in  the  Hsndwriting  of  these  illua- 
trioua  Reform  or**"     1840. 

••  The  Typogmpby  of  the  Fifleentb 
Century:  being  Specimens  of  the  Pro- 
ductions of  the  Early  Continental  PrintcrSj 
exemplified  in  a  Collection  of  Fac-similea 
from  Ojie  Hundred  Work*,  together  with 
their  Watcr^marke.  Arranged  and  edited 
fW>ni  the  Bibliographical  Collections  of 
the  late  Samuel  Sothcby,  by  his  son, 
S.  Leigh  Sotheby.**     1815, 

"  Princlpirt  Tyf^ogrnphica,  The  Block 
Books;  or,  Xyhigraphic  Delineations  of 
Scripture  History,  issued  in  Hollind, 
Haudcrs,  and  CJcrmany  during  the  Fif- 
teenth Century;  eremidiliid  and  con- 
sidered in  connection  with  the  Origin  of 
Printing.  To  which  is  added  an  Attempt 
to  Elucidate  the  Chamctcr  of  the  Paper* 
marks  of  the  Period :  a  work  contemplated 
by  the  late  Samuel  Sothcby,  and  carried 
out  by  his  son  Samuel  Luigh  Siitheby," 
18158.  3  vols,,  Impcmd  ilo.  Of  this  im- 
portant and  costly  work  Mr,  Sotheby  pre- 
sented a  copy  to  the  Society  of  Antiquaries, 
which  was rcceivtd  with  the  special  thanks 
of  a  Dumeroua  meeting,  (Mr.  Sotheby  was 
elected  a  Fellow  of  that  learned  body  on 
the  24tb  of  November,  1859.) 

''Mevooranda  relating  to  the  Block 
Boaln  pfeiorved  in  the  Bibliotlit'qtic  Im> 
periulo,  Paris,  made  October,  1858,  by 
Samuel  Lei^'h  Stitbi'by,  Author  tif  the 
•  Principia  Typ<ign4pliica/  London,  printed 
for  the  Author  by  L  RlclmrtK  1859.  Not 
for  sale." 

**  Itaniblings  in  the  Elucidation  of  the 
Autograph  of  Milton/*  Impend  4to., 
SOO  pp.,  with  27  plates.  Six  hundred 
and  twenty -five  copies  of  tbi«  work  liavo 
been  offered  by  auction  since  its  autlior's 
death,  on  condition  that  no  copy  was  to 
be  sold  under  the  price  of  three  guinesa. 
The  profits  of  the  work  were  to  be  given 
to  "The  Booksellers*  Provident  Society 
and  RetreAt,"  "The  Literary  Fund,**  **Tlio 
Printers*  Provident  Society,"  and  "ITjc 
Royal  Dramatic  College,**  We  are  sorry 
to  have  to  add  that  on  this  occasion  only 
ftfty^OQC  copies  were  sold,  perhaps  in  con- 


418 


Profrtfor  Hotking. —  JVtUiam  Losk,  Esq. 


[Oct. 


•cqoexice  of  the  lat^nen  of  llie  •msoii* 
Tlie  mnftindrr  will  be  brought  fbrwmrd  kt 
■OMne  more  firronrablD  opporttmitjr. 

Mr.  Soiheby  left  a  tnMfitittcript  ootlecfcioo 
rektio^  to  tbe  works  of  tbe  mrlj  poets 
to  tbe  fear  1660,  eommenoed  at  tbe  ag« 
of  fourteen,  end  ooBlinoeil  to  tbe  time  of 
Itie  death.  We  be^  tbnt  Mra.  Sotbeby  is 
CttU  continniDg'  tbe  work,  wblcb  we  hope 
■be  will  erentuAllj  pnblbh. 

Mr.  Sotbeby  wma  a  gentleman  of  an 
amiable  diapontion  and  of  good  judgment 
in  bia  profeeeSoo.  Tbeie  qualities  naturally 
gained  bim  nnmeront  aequaintancefl,  wbo 
giaunXty  became  attacliod  frienda,  and 
wbo  will  dcyabtlew  lament  hie  sudden  de< 
partur<»:  to  lila  family  bis  loss  is  irre- 
piimble. 

We  are  bappy  to  bear  that  tbe  bnsuieai 
of  this  long-eatabli^ed  firm  will  be  carried 
on  OS  uMutil,  ttnd  doubtlcas  witb  its  ac- 
cmUnntHl  tulunt  and  energy. 


Peofsssob  HosiLmo. 

Aui;,  2.  At  his  lioufte  in  Wobttm-iqtiare, 
Dgcd  Bl,  William  Hoiking,  Esq.,  F^ttfeaaor 
of  the  Prindplcs  and  IVnctice  of  A^rcbitec- 
t ore  in  King's  College,  London. 

Wo  derive  the  following  biographical 
notice  of  this  genUemim  from  *'  Tbe 
Builder:"— 

"Mr.  HoHking  was  horn  at  Backfait- 
letgh,  Devon,  in  1800;  but  was  taken  by 
bis  family,  when  quite  young,  to  Kew 
South  M  ttlea,  where  he  whs  app>rent)ced 
to  ft  butUlor  unci  surveyor.  Returning  to 
Englfind  in  1«1D,  he  was,  in  1820,  articled 
fyr  three  yiars  to  the  late  Mr.  Jenkins, 
BTchiUt't,  of  Red  Lion-square,  l^ndon,  and 
Afterwards  iipent  a  year  in  Italy  and  Hicily 
for  the  study  of  his  profesaion.  Some  lee- 
tnren  on  Architecture,  which  he  delivered 
Nt  the  ^Ve»tem  Literary  and  Scientific 
Institution,  bt'ing  reported  in  the  'Athe- 
ncemn/  led  to  hii  engngement  to  write  tbe 
trttcleM  •  Architecture  and  Building,'  in 
the  seventh  edition  of  the  Emyetopwdia 
JBrifftnmcft,  treatisea  whieb,  afterwards 
'ijl>U»hed  as  ft  separate  volume,  were  oor- 
ially  received,  and  guve  bim  at  once  A 
repuUitinii. 

**  jn  \uii  \r.  Hosking  became  engineer 
of  th»  m,  Bristol,  and  Thames 

Junet  i  ; ,  nov  known  as  tbe  West 

l«ondan  Kiiiiik»y,  and  designed  fur  it  tbe 

la 


armii^cnieQt  netf  Keaaal-^nsen,  by  wbkli 
tbe  P^Mldin^on  Cknal  is  oirrie4  twcr  tlM 
railway,  and  a  psblic  load  over  t^  ouH^i 
The  alteration  of  tbts  recently  by  tbe 
ct)t2j[)anles  who  now  poaaeas  the  l^e  oawd 
btin  some  annojuiee. 

**  In  1840  he  ww  appointed  Fiufeiu 
at  King's  College,  London,  of  tba  *Art 
of  Cunstruetion ;'  and  afterwards  of  tbe 
'  IVindidc*  and  Pmctice  nf  Architectnrtf ,* 
wbieb  be  beld  until  bis  decease.  Mis  In* 
trodttcCory  lectarea  b«ve  been  publiabed. 
On  tbe  paenag  of  tbe  Building  Act,  im 
1844,  be  was  appointed  one  of  tbe  affiffUl 
iiefei'oe*  under  tbe  Act,  and  remained  mr 
until  it  WAS  superseded  by  the  Act  of  1855, 
wbc-n  he  retit^  witb  bis  csoUeaguea^  II  r. 
Ambroise  Poynter  atid  Mr,  Jobn  Shew, 
eacb  upon  two- thirds  of  bis  lalary.  Amow 
bis  pnUiabed  worka  ahoold  be  meDtknea 
an  '  Eway  on  tbe  Conatmction  of  BridgBii»* 
for  Mr.  Wesle ;  '  A  Guide  to  the  Proper 
lieguhition  of  Buildings  in  Towns^'  1848] 
and  a  thin  folio  setting  forth  bia  cIajih  te 
be  considered  tbe  originator  of  tbe  aobmie 
adopted  to  increase  the  accommodatioo  of 
the  Bntish  Museum, — tbe  circular  struc- 
ture in  the  quadrangle,  flrst  illustrated  in 
'Tlie  Builder/  His  architectural  worka 
were  fewer  than  might  have  been  nntid- 
pitted*  Among  the  most  recent  of  them 
is  the  pile  on  tbe  south  side  of  Cannon- 
street,  erected  for  Messrs.  Bereus  and  Col 
Aboey  Park  Cemetery  was  formed  under 
Mr.  Uosking's  superintendence :  and  he 
erected  a  chupcl  nt  Poplar  for  Mr.  Green. 

"  For  some  time  preYionsly  to  bis  la- 
mented death  he  bad  been  engaged  in  tbe 
prepamtion  of  a  greatly  enbiirged  edition 
of  bis  eisay  on  Architectore,  which  it  may 
be  hoped  will  still  be  given  to  tbe  public*' 

We  may  add  that  Mr.  Hoeking  was  for- 
merly a  FeUow  of  the  Society  of  Anti* 
quiineei,  and  made  some  oommnnicaTioiis 
to  that  learned  liody.  He  married  a 
daughter  of  Mr.  CIowga,  tbe  printer^  uul 
bud  a  numerous  family. 


I.' 


William  Losh,  Ebq, 

Auff.  4.     At  Newcastle,  aged  91«  WU-  \ 
liam  Losh,  Esq,,  one  of  the  mngt  <<ntifr- 
prising  and  sucoesefol  manufiicturers  of] 
that  place. 

Mr.  Loab,  wbo  was  bom  in  1770,  be-  ] 
longed  to  tLe  old  Cumberland  fmnily  q€ \ 
liOsh  of  Woodside,  nenr  Carlisle,  and  bad 
the  advnntfige  of  r4?cctviiig  a  btgbly  ' 
finibbed  education  on  tbe  Continent,  where  | 
be  formed  ncquaintiincee  witb  many  eiiii- 


186 L]         fFUIiam  Losh,  Estj^^Richard  OastUt,  E^q. 


449 


BGDt  pewonB,  mnong  others,  with  tho 
Hiron  Uurnboltlt,  who  wag  hts  ft*! low  c-4- 
li'giun  ut  Erfurt,  and  cuutiiiaed  his  car- 
nispondent  to  the  timo  of  hia  own  devlh. 
When  he  rettirnetl  to  Knglaiid  he  turned 
ItM  actentific  iuu}uireiu(*nU  to  good  ncooiuit. 

"  Ho  formed,"  says  the  "  Gatesheatl  Ob- 
server," "an  AcquaititiinLe  and  n  comwier- 
fiul  eoimectioii  with  the  q\A  I^ird  Duu- 
dotmld  (fhthcr  of  tlit*  kte  Adiiiir.tl),  and, 
to  thiit  co-partnersliip  the  Tyiie  owes  tho 
eflt4ihUi4htijent  tiipoii  its  bsinks  of  a  bruneh 
of  T  ndus  t  ry — t  h  e  soda  \m\  nuftirty  ro — wbith, 
next  to  the  coid  trade,  is  the  greatest 
•ource  of  our  IochI  prc>9i>tTity— giving  em- 
ploy nteut,  iw  it  doea,  not  only  to  at  k'ast 
6,Ch>0  men  employed  in  the  manyf'neture 
ol'the  article,  but  to  hundredii  npoii  liun- 
dredi  of  vessels,  uunuaMj  enjufugcil  in 
britigmg  into  the  Tyno  the  raw  muteriui* 
(Brtlf.,  pyiitea,  nnd  bruiistoni*),  nnd  taking 
awny  the  m-itni fact ii red  nrticle.  The  his- 
tory of  the  Alkali  Works  at  Walkt-r  (and 
in  which,  by  the  bye,  the  late  Cnforjfe  iSte- 
pbenMn  wm  cniployeil,  altboygb  the  cir- 

'  cumstance  has  I'Ot  been  known  to  Dr. 
Siiules),  commenced  by  Mr.  Losh,  so  long 
Rgo  as  l7lMi,  Ifl  a  highly  interesting  one. 
At  that  tiuie,  loda,  which  w>is  obtained 
from  the  wull-kDOwn  *  kelp'  which  tbrnied 
one  of  tho  prmciiml  sources  of  iiibiud 
wealth  in  Shetbind  and  the  Qrkne,v«,  waa 
fli-lling  at  £60  [>er  ton — and  8nU,  in  conse- 
qnence  of  tbt^  enorniouB  excise  ckity  upon 
it,  at  £36  pr  ton  ?  Mr.  Lf«h,  however, 
found  that  there  was  a  salt  spring  at 
Walker,  and  that  if  he  coatd  only  be 
allowed  to  work  it,  unfet*er€?4  by  the  ex- 
cise, ho  might  effetrt  a  complete  revolution 
in  the  trade.  His  claim  was  nHowe*!. 
With  the  assistance  of  Lords  Dundonald 
and  Dundtis,  Idr.  Aubone  Jolin  SurtCiS, 
and  Mr.  John  Lo^ib,  he  commencei)  the 
pretent  cstublishiuent.  Like  niauy,  if  nut 
all  great  uiidiTtitkets,  be  hml  hi^^  dilFieul- 
ticB,  and  gr.  at  dilKenlties  l<xi|  to  conLtjiul 
with,  but  he  evenlually  surmounted  tbem 
all.  having  made  himself  acquainted,  after 
the  pe-ioe  of  1816,  with  the  priH;c«s  adopted 
uodi T  the  uQspices  of  the  Duke  of  Orb  ans, 

[  of  dec'unpo-«ing  the  salt  witli  sulplniric 
*J — the  principle  which  bns  been  in 
Mtion  ever  jtincc,  and  wliich  hm*  tended 

•^flle  dcvelopnieiit  of  the  soda  Imde  to  its 
prcst'nt  hnmen§e  extent. 

"  Hut  Mr,  L««b  rendered  good  service 
in  other  re^pecs  to  his  country  men.  He 
was  the  tinthor  of  more  than  one  n^eful 

L  jNit^nted  invention,  among  which  may  he 
iBpocjatly  mi'ntioncd  his  wheel  for  railway 

'  carriiigesi  and  be  commenced  (in  ceunec- 
GiKr.  Maq,  Vol.  CCXI. 


tion  with  the  lat«  Alderman  Wilson,  of 
diitt-sbertd,  and  Alderman  B<-11,  of  New- 
c^wtle)  tlie  Wrtlker  Iron  Works,  which 
from  a  proverlnjdty  huTible  comraence- 
n^ent,  Inive,  by  dint  of  ind  Lstry,  ability, 
and  gotd  vnanagement,  secorub'd  by  tliat 
reward  wb-ih  to  industry  is  siiid  to  be 
'fcure/ read ud  a  nnignltndo  en  tit  ting  them 
to  rank  with  the  firnt  eHtnblbhmi  uts  of  the 
kii-d  in  the  worht  Mr.  tosh,  throu^di 
life,  was  a  mun  of  cofi»idcrabIe  rending 
and  ohnerviition,  of  u  ntentiie  meiunrv, 
and  a  huppy  ndript:illon  of  expirienco  to 
pnictiesd  pnrpi>se.  In  bis  trnivcls  in  tlm 
Uubic  bordtTing  countrica  he  bad  inado 
matiy  acquaintanoes — and  the  gun-crnmen:* 
of  8u"edin  au4  Prn^sia,  recognising  b^ 
poeijtioij,  entrusted  hjui  with  the  consular 
representation  of  their  inter- sts  in  thvj 
fort  of  Newotstle— an  Ininynr  which  he 
enjoyed  for  hnlf  a  century." 

The  el  ^er  brother  of  Mr.  Lesb  wjw  Mr, 
James  Lo!»b,  who  was  loujj  lUcorder  of 
Newcastle^  and  who  died  in  1833, 


KjCEiAnD  Ojlbtler,  Esq* 
Auff.    22.     At    llarro/ate,    ii^ed    72^ 
Ilichard  Oastlcr,  tlii}.,  popularly  known 
in    the    manufacturing    dt]>tricU  as  the 
"  Factory^  King." 

•*  The  di-ceiwcfl,"  says  the  **  John  linll/' 
**  was  a  staunch  Ti.ry  and  ilnirclinnm. 
Lrmg  resident  in  the  Weat  liidin^r  ^jT  York- 
shire* in  tbemidnt  of  Hmlicab  ami  LilHTiiU, 
be  was  among  the  workin;;  cLissi-s  one 
of  tho  most  popular  of  political  leiulert*. 
'Fills  muHt  appear  anomalonij  to  tlnMK.*  who 
are  ignorant  of  thccircuni'^tHncea  and  who 
knew  not  the  man  Sincerity  of  charatt- 
ter  and  purpose  were  stamped  on  evi  ry 
public  avt  of  bis  life.  This  was  the  key 
to  Ids  popularity  and  success;  it  is  aIim> 
the  great  fact  to  w  hich  tl^e  u misfortunes  of 
hia  chequered  life  were  attributtible.  In 
IfiOT  be  first  came  before  tie  public  a*  a 
stimnch  atipporter  of  Wiibcrforce  aa  the 
advocate  of  negro  eniundpntion*  He  was 
a  great  supporter  of  Queen  Caroline,  and 
snpjKirted  the  Itoman  Catholic  emancipa- 
tion. During  the  rtefnrm  agitation  he 
told  the  working  men  that  nil  the  pledges 
abmt  rvtrenchment  and  economy,  and  the 
total  uprooting  of  bnl>cry,  intiniidHitian, 
o»>rrMpirion,  pc^nsions.  and  sinecurfK,  so 
glibly  promised,  would  prove  to  be  a 
delusion ;  and  wbun  riots  occiirred  iit 
Birmingham  and  Bristol  and  Nottingham 
Castle  was  in  flames— when  throughout 
the  manufactnring  districts  of  Kngland 
and  Scotlund  nwu  were  licing  trained  to 
3  1  • 


430  Richard  Oastler,  Esq,— Thomas  Suteman^  Esq.         [OcL 


the  vm  of  jutob,  and  the  IWes  of  th(w© 
in  oppcmition  were  frequently  not  safe, 
lie  boldly  opposed  the  [jupdar  measure. 
IMweou  lS2y  and  1B33  Mr.  Oaatler  wns 
the  leader  of  the  Ten  lloiir»*  liill  move- 
snent,  From  ISJIO  to  1S17  ho  was  en- 
gaged in  on  unw»a!*in{?  crusade  agaittft 
ihfi  cmdtiea  practifietl  in  factories  nntfl 
the  passing  of  tb©  Factories  Bogtdation 
Act.  He  was  a  violent  opponent  of  the 
New  Poor  Law,  and  was  a  staunch  Pro- 
tectionist. He  was  editor  of  a  periodical 
called  the  *  Home/  and  author  of  innumer- 
able tracta,  beVide<i  being  a  diligent  news- 
paper  oorresfKnident,  Hie  last  tract,  on 
Convocation,  app«iired  laat  year,  and  was 
favourably  noticed  in  the  'John  Bull/ 
*The  Altar,  the  Throne,  and  the  Cot- 
tage/ in  other  words,  *  God,  the  Sove- 
roign,  and  the  People/  wns  his  motto. 
He  numbered  among  his  friends  judges, 
brahopSj  peer*,  manufacturers,  merchanti*, 
and  njwnitives.  At  all  time*  he  was  the 
same  in  manner  and  spirit ;  to  the  poor 
and  to  the  rich  oourteous,  earnest,  and 
sincere." 

The  estimation  in  which  Mr.  Oaatler 
was  held  by  those  who  best  knew  him 
has  be^n  shown  by  a  pulilic  meeting  held 
•ct  Leeds  a  few  days  aft^r  bis  death, 
and  attended  by  both  mill  owners  and 
mill  workers,  when  the  erection  of  a 
fnannment  to  bis  roomory  was  rnionimoasly 
tesolved  on,  and  a  subscription  at  once 
commenced  for  that  purpose. 


At^ff,  28*  At  LombciHUilc-hotiBc,  near 
liakcwcllj  Derbyshire,  aged  -M)|  l*liou>o« 
Bntcmiin,  Esq. 

Ho  wm  the  only  sou  of  WilUam  Bate- 
man,  Enq.,  F.3.A.,  by  his  wUe  Mary, 
daughter  of  James  Cromjiton,  Ksq„  and 
was  Iwrn  at  llowsley  in  Navembcr,  1821. 
Mr.  William  Batcroan,  following  in  the 
footsteps  of  Fcgge  and  Mnjor  Rooke,  made 
excavations  into  sex^eral  of  the  tumuli  in 
the  ncigbbourhoixl  of  Bakcwell ;  and  the 
eKbnmcd  retuuins  formed  the  nucleu*  of 
what  btis  now  become  one  of  tite  most 
valuable  museums  of  local  antiquities  in 
the  kingdom.  In  these  researclies  his  child 
frequently  took  ptirt,  snd  the  father  was 
pie  ised  to  see  him  thus  oairly  in  lite  forra- 
ittg  hiA  own  littltj  collection,  and  he  wisely 
encouraged  the  young  collector  by  now 
Mid  then  ceding  to.bim  somo  co^ettnl  uU- 


jeet  fktnn  the  more  important  ttorey  The 
father,  in  couscqueuce  of  the  death  o( 
Mrs.  Bateman,  (who  died  wlicn  tU©  child 
Wftis  only  a  fii^v  raonlhs  old,)  and  the  Kime- 
what  sickly  constitution  of  his  son,  stjpcf* 
intended  hia  studies,  and  we  believe  the 
deeca^'d  cousequetitly  received,  altunst 
wholly,  a  home  edtication.  At  the  age  of  ' 
fonrteini  he  lost  bis  father;  and  then  he 
was  brouglit  up  by  his  grandfather,  Thomai 
Bateman,  Esq.,  of  Middleton  hall,  wl»o 
served  the  office  of  High  ShcrilT  of  the 
county  of  Derby  in  1823.  On  his  death 
in  IB  17  the  whole  of  bis  estate  descended 
to  the  grandson,  who  thus  became  cnAUi>d 
to  gratify  to  the  very  fullest  citcnt  hia 
literary  and  antiquarian  taster,  and  he  con* 
tinnally  added  to  his  libraries  at  Loral»r-  ' 
dale-bonsc  and  at  Middletoti-liall,  ancient 
manuscripts,  early  illuminations,  and  ran* 
books,  wbde  the  museum  at  the  latter 
place  was  cmitintiRlly  lucreating  from 
every  Rvaihible  source  without  r<  gard  to 
coat.  A  "  Descriptive  Catalogue**  of  thia 
museum  was  printed  in  1855,  and  it  wae 
quite  worthy  of  more  copious  tl}tistni> 
tions.  which  are  the  life  and  soul  of  iinch 
cainlogues. 

Mr.  Bateinan's  earliest  antiquarian  pub- 
lication was  a  coiitritjution  to   the  first 
volume  of  the  Collectanea  dntiqua,  wbicli 
be  arranged  from  the  memorandu  of  hiii 
fnthor.     It  is  entitled  "  An  Aoeotint  of  the  i 
tJpening  of  Tumuli,  priudpally  ut  Mid- 
dleton    by    Youlgruve,    Derbyshire,   from  I 
18S1  to  18a2.  By  William  Batemwn,  E*f|.,  1 
F.8.A/'  The  results  of  his  own  researehci  | 
were  firjfc  brought  forwartl  by  Mr.  Koich  I 
Hmith  at  the  Canterbury  Congress  of  th©  \ 
British  Archajological  Association,     It  b 
well  known  thut,  in  consequence  of  the 
divisions  which  t-ouk  pi  nee  Hlmost  iuirae*  j 
diutely  after,  the  papers  rend  at  tliis  Con- 1 
gress  were  never  printed  by  the  Aascjoiti- 
tion.  One  appeared  here  and  at>i>t her  there*  i 
Mr.  Bateinan'^  was  among  others  which^j 
by  the  Council  of  the  Association,  wcral 
turne<l  over  to  the  S<3ciely  of  Antiquaricf^l 
but  which  the  Society  dcicUned  to  print,  [ 
The  »iiti(piarian  world,  however,  dttl  no>%\ 
long  sulfci*  from  these  sbortesokniiigSy  fori 
in  IHIH  Mr.  Bate  nun  printed  the  **  Ves* 
tigoi  uf  Uitt  Antiquities  of  DcrbyAhlr^" 


1861.] 


Obituary. — Thomas  Bateman,  E$q. 


451 


in  which  bit  excaTAlioDB  m  the  tumuli  of 
hit  ocmnfy  take  a  prominent  place.  And 
in  the  present  year,  shortly  before  hU 
death,  he  published  a  volomo  entitled 
"Ten  Yeors*  Dipging*  in  Celtic  and  Snxon 
Gravc'hilla,  in  the  countie«  of  Derby,  Staf- 
ford, and  York.**  Thi»  Utter  work  gives 
a  detailed  account  not  only  of  his  own  ex- 
teusivc  investigations,  but  of  thoee  abo  of 
bis  fHends,  Mr.  Cftrrington,  of  Wettrii, 
end  the  late  Mr,  James  Ruddock,  of  PickcT' 
ing.  Tlioy  are  both  valuable  contributions 
to  oar  national  itrchieolagy.  Mr.  Bateman 
waa  scrupulously  carefid  in  superintending 
personally  nil  fehe  excavations  made  by  hts 
orders :  nothing  deterred  him  frtnn  prompt 
action  and  a  persevering:  prosecution  of  his 
fimyiurite  pursuits.  Every  movement  of  the 
pickaxe  and  spade  was  watched,  and  as 
the  workmen  approach<d  tlio  coveted  de- 
posit of  urn,  bones,  or  omaments,  the 
rjaiwter  liiniaclf  invariably  undertook  the 
final  procesi^,  noting  carefully  every  fact 
as  it  presented  itself;  and  wht-n  the  harrow 
wrts  thorongbly  examined,  a  leaden  token 
W5IS  placed  in  tbe  monnd  in  order  that 
the  explorers  of  future  diya  might  be 
spared  the  mortification  of  toiling  in  vain. 
At  the  time  of  his  death  Mr.  Bateinan 
waa  engaged  in  preparing  for  the  press 
a  Catalogue  of  the  manuscripts  in  his 
Hbrary,  with  paltcographie  and  biblio- 
graphical  notes  \  and  he  was  likewise 
about  to  print  a  continuation  of  ibe  Cata- 
logue of  bU  muKtiTO.  We  trust  that  both 
will  bo  pubLlibed.  His  almost  sudden 
death,  it  would  af^pear,  arose  from  some 
orgntiic  disease  wbiob  was  apprehended  to 
exist  by  an  eminent  metropolitan  surg^  on 
who  fttteuded  him  in  a  dangerous  illuc&s 
stnue  years  since. 

Mr.  Bateman*s  habits  were  secluded  and 
bis  manners  retiring  and  reserved;  but 
in  his  boose  be  was  aifahle  and  bcisintahle, 
and  no  one  ever  departed  from  it  without 
being  gratified  both  with  the  attention  of 
the  owner,  and  with  the  rare  treasures  of 
nntiquity  which  it  contains.  Indee^l^  for 
the  estimation  in  which  he  waji  generally 
held,  we  cannot  do  hotter  than  quote  the 
"  Derby  TelegrnphV*  description  of  the 
fboeral  on  Angoit  ith : — 

"Is  aooordaooe  witb  the  wish  of  our 
Gek?.  Maq.  Vol.  CCXI. 


deceased  frit^nd,  he  was  interred  rear  the 
chapel  at  Mlddleton,  a  spfieious  and  excel- 
lent vault  having  be<^n  formed  for  that 
purpose,  and  soon  after  12  o'clock  tho 
monmfn!  proccasion  left  Lorn lerdnle- house 
on  !  U  way  th  th er,  1 1  c r  n  -  istcd  of  a  h en  rso 
drawn  liy  Tour  hors*  s,  and  four  moiirning 
coaebes,  eontainiriij  Ww  immndiute  frictrds 
of  the  deceased.  Tlu^y  were  sncceedtxl  by 
Lord  Denmnn*s  oinisige,  which  was  fob 
lowed  by  a  lonf?  line  of  tenantry,  two  and 
two.  Arrived  at  the  chapel  gate*,  the 
coffin  containing  nil  that  \vfts  dear  of  our 
de[mrted  friend  wa3  curried  into  the  chnpel, 
whore  service  was  impreAsjvcly  read  hy  tho 
Rev,  G.  Boden,  The  rr.weasitin  wns  then 
formetl,  and  wended  its  WJiy  slowly  nnd 
moumfnlly  to  tho  vsult  in  the  acljoliiing 
eroffc,  in  ibe  followiiig  order  : — Mutes ; 
undertakers ;  the  coffin  borne  by  eight 
eervanta  and  old  retainers  of  the  family, 
tbe  six  pall-bearcTs  biin^  the  Executors, 
tho  S<dicitnr,  Lord  lienmjm,  Mr.  .lewitt, 
and  Dr.  Dnvis ;  the  chief  mourner,  the 
yonthrnl  beir  to  the  <  stntes.  with  Ids  three 
maternal  uncles  ;  frii  luls  of  the  deceased, 
and  tenantry,  two  iiiid  two.  At  the  vuolt 
an  eloquent  and  Impresfjive  address  was 
delivt?red  with  deep  feeling  hy  the  Rev, 
G.  lioden,  and  the  coffin  w  as  lowered  ioto 
it«  Inat  resting-pliice  nmong  tho  hills  of 
the  county  which  he  so  much  loved.  It  is 
not  too  much  to  say  that  on  this  occssron 
not  nidy  liiid  the  whole  villngo  tumcil  out 
to  do  last  hoiionr  to  his  remains,  but  that 
tho  surroundirg  villages  as  well  bud  sent 
their  scores  to  line  the  rojidway,  and  to 
congregate  in  the  croft  on  this  melancholy 
occasion.  The  scene  w«8  a  mo«t  impressive 
one.  The  quiet  beauty  €f  tbe  spot  where 
the  interment  twjk  place,  tho  wmpreity 
of  tho  entire  nrrangim cuts,  the  hmidreds 
of  people  collected  on  the  hill  side,  the 
mourning  friends  gMthered  aronnd  Uio 
Of^iBn  which  rested  on  the  greensward, 
tbe  yawning  vault  beneath,  tbe  tall  tnes 
above,  and  tho  venerahle  ministor,  (the 
oldest  we  believe  in  <be  Cungregutionjd 
Union,)  all  united  to  form  a  picture  such 
as  wo  fear  has  but  seh^om*  if  evf r.  been 
witnessed,  and  one  which  was  too  impres- 
sive, too  solemn,  and  too  beautiful  ever  to 
pass  away  fipom  the  memory,  l^eldom,  in- 
deed, has  it  been  the  lot  of  any*>oe  to  bo 
interred  in  such  a  spot  as  this^ — «ehloiner 
still  to  bo  intonvd  amidst  so  much  real 
Borrow.  Like  his  life,  the  last  rite«  of  hi« 
burial  were  simple  and  uuohtrusive,  and 
be  rests,  not  smiilst  his  forefathma,  tor 
there  is  mme  near  him,  but  amiilst  sor- 
rowing and  loving  frieiids  on  every  side, 
and  in  a  spot  chosen  by  him^Llf  on  on^  of 
tbe  pleaaautest  of  bis  native  bilk/' 
3l 


452 


Douglas  Sandfordj  Esq, —  Clergy  Deceased.  [Oct. 


The  familj  of  Batenuiti  \s  <mc  of  high 
antiquity  in  the  county  of  Derby,  and 
many  interesting  notioes  of  it  httve  been 
pnbiUlicd  in  pastTolamesof  ourMagnziue. 
The  lubject  of  oar  memoir  woa  descended 
from  the  brutijcb  fettled  at  Hartingt^m 
iemp^  Henry  VI.  In  1847  be  married 
Surah,  daoghter  of  WiUinm  Parkf  r,  Eiq., 
of  Middleton,  and  by  ber,  who  Burvivea 
bim,  leaves  one  ton  and  four  dangbters; 

DovauA  SuTDFOEDj  Esq. 

8ept  4.  kX  Alyechnrch  Rectory,  aged 
68,  Enkine  DougUa  Sandford,  Esq.,  Sheriff 
of  Galloway,  and  one  of  the  moat  distin- 
guieht'd  members  of  the  Scottish  Bar. 

Erektne  Douglaa  fc^aiidford,  the  ddeat 
■on  of  the  Kight  Rev,  Dr.Sandford,  Bishop 
of  Edinburgh,  wbo  wag  of  an  old  Shrop< 
iJjir©  family,  wai  bora  in  Edinburgh  in 
1790.  Hla  m^jther  waa  one  of  the  family 
of  Donghis  of  Kelbead,  whose  representa- 
tive Is  now  the  Marqnis  of  Qacenaberry, 
Edocated  under  his  lather's  eye,  be  was 
oalled  to  the  Bar  in  1816,  and  h»vmg 
served  the  office  of  Advocate- Depute,  be 
was  appoinlctl.  in  1833,  to  the  Stewartry 
of  Kirkcudhright,  which  be  held  till  his 
death.  Last  y«ir,  on  the  death  of  bis 
old  friend  Mr.  AJara  Uniuhart,  the  duties 
of  the  ShcTiffdom  of  VVigtoun  were  added 
to  those  of  the  Stewnrtry,  and  Mr.  Sand- 
ford  became  Sheriff  of  the  two  counties 
forming  the  Sheriffdom  of  Galloway. 

Although  withdrawn  for  some  years 
piist  from  the  daily  practice  of  his  arduous 
profession,  and  devoUd  chiefly  to  his  duties 
as  a  Sheriff,  Mr.  Sandford  at  one  time  de- 
servedly enjoyed  con*iderdble  practice  at 
the  Scotch  Bar.  His  accomplishraeuU  as 
ft  lawyer,  and  bis  eapaciUes  for  a  still 
biglier  judidrtl  position  thjin  that  to  whiih 
the  c*  apter  of  act  id  en  ts  limited  his  pre- 
ferment, are  well  illustrated  by  the  two 
works  with  which  he  enriched  the  law 
Ubravy  of  Scotland.  His  able  and  ekborate 
"Traitis9of  fclntalls'*  was,  when  puhlUhed, 
th«  Gnly  work  on  the  subiect;  and,  al- 
tboi^h  deprived  of  its  atility  by  the  Icgti- 
latlve  alterations  subucqucntly  effected  in 
that  law,  it  miiAt  eici»r  r»  mnin  a  model  of 
legal  diNinisitiott  and  arrangcuient,  and 


the  monument  of  a  legal  mind  at  on^e 
learned  and  acute.  Ilia  treatise  of  '*  The 
Law  of  Heritable  Sncceston  In  Sootknd'* 
Is  still  %  standard  work,  and  bean  ibo 
same  stamp  of  great  legal  applicattoa  and 
attainments. 

Tbe  "  Hdioborgb  Courant  "  says  of  tbe 
deceased, — 

"His  loss  will  be  deeply  felt  in  tie 
united  Sbcriffdomt  of  Wigtown  and  Kirk- 
cudbright, thus  suddenly  deprived  of  A 
most  coAicieations  and  able  jodge,  who  was 
eve  r  welcome  among  them  lioth  lodally  and 
judicially.  A  still  larger  circle  of  friends 
and  relations  in  bf>th  counties  will  long 
deplore  this  unexpected  deprivation  ;  for, 
as  might  well  be  exp^^cted  of  the  son  and 
representative  of  Bisliop  Sandford,  Krskine 
Douglas  Sandford  was  a  Christian  and 
a  gentleuian  In  tbe  highest  sense  of  those 
terms/* 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

Atif,  21.  The  Iter.  Rob.  Qumey  Gnetr  fi 
tiooed  at  p.  8^2}  wa»  the  eldi^  ion  of  Jos,  Grew. 
eaq.,  J. P.,  CorboUj -house,  Dowcpotrick,  Ire- 
buuL  The  Rev.  (nsntlemon  bad  rtoently  rciurtkcd 
from  Tfi^inouth,  wht^rc^  he  hwA  lost  s  child; 
and  tuj  wife  djmg  on  the  Uib  of  Aafiwt,  he  vfts 
so  overwhelmed  with  the  doitble  ealaniity,  that 
he  expired  si^  djiya  after,  lesvinf  five  joun^ 
children^  of  «  bom  one  is  sn  Inlknt  of  idx  moniha. 

At  PelerbOToaph,  n^td  6t,  tbe  Rev.  PayfM 
^dmundMt  LL.B.,  Clare  OoUege^  CsoibtldfB. 

Aug.  2A.  The  Rer,  Th4m4U  FoddM,  H.A^ 
for  forty  years  Vicar  of  MAttishaQ^vith-rattes- 
ley,  Norfolk. 

Auff.  2d.  Af  ed  63,  tbe  Eer.  Fdicard  Oouid 
Monk,  M.A.,  TIsar  of  Mach-Cowame,  Herv- 
fordshire. 

Avf,  37.  At  Batb,  Sfred  79,  tbe  Rer.  Johm 
Jtogcra  PUman,  11. A.,  Domestic  CbAiilsln  to  ber 
Ute  Royal  HlfrbaeM  the  Duchess  of  lutit. 

Aug.  3S.  At  GAtcacro,  ocar  Liverpool,  nfter 
three  days*  llneiMt,  ^cd  60,  tbe  Rer.  Soak  Jane*. 

Aug  £!).  At  the  Grorc,  GtMfmoncUofftcr,  itJCkd 
l!t.  the  Rer.  WUUam  i*tnrit,  Rector  uf  Qaa«dU. 
Oxfordithtre. 

Aug.  H.  At  hli  mideaee  la  the  Pata«e*> 
green,  Ely,  ngvd  m,  the  Het.John  O'nJHfh^  ai>. 
He  wo*  bom  nt  KMceTly,  in  8uulU  Wiile»,  <m 
Jsnaory  9,  1*72.  Uc  nun  c-ilucQilfd  at  tbe  Gmta- 
nar-«eh«K)t,  Dimiarthen  ;  eniere«i  »t  Efflotsnuel 
GoUrgr,  C«mbrklg«<.  l7Ul  i  B.A.  17U5,  bftnf  &m 
senior  optlme ;  ws*  ordiiine<1  b>  ihc  RUbop  of 
Untaln ;  and  mitrricd.  In  l^OO,  Ann  Phillip*,  wbn 
died  in  inM.  Ite  wa*  elrcted  m  Uinm  Csiuin  of 
tbe  Cat^odruU  lotirrtUrr  wti^i  '*■■•  i 't-  u-^v  tf,^^ 
Miller*,  June  24,  1800;  aitu  ,  i. 

witm  of  tlietr  mitainlng  tl>.  <  , ,-, 

buth  pxrtnpted  front  all  duty  in  Ll^c  (.'.ttlti^idl^ 
but  feueb  at  tbry  migbi  wuk  to  untlcrtftlfcc.    Mr* 


18G1.] 


Obititarv. 


453 


OrUatli  WB»  the  Incambcnt  of  8t.  Mary'«j  Ely, 
it%tm  l&OO  Lill  1627,  and  tram  tlmt  time  tlU  bis 
dentb  rerpctud  Curate  or  Htontncy.  UeprvaebeHi 
for  the  lii«t  time  »t  Stuntni?)"  on  Guod-Fiidtty  of 
the  {Meoent  yeur,  &nd  a«6ii>to<]  in  tbc  adLniiil*^ 
tration  of  ilie  Lord's  Supper  in  Nt,  Mnrj""*!.  Cburch 
on  £aalpr-Duy.  He  hnd  known  fire  biAhapB  of 
Ely,  f<nir  dcnna,  and  h«d  »cen  twenty hox  mt- 
doAt  canofic  itutallpd  In  the  Cathedral. 

At  the  Kectory,  Goifonh,  Cumberlnnd*  iged 
6}(  tbc  Rev.  Franeia  Ford  Prndeff  fat  tvcnty- 
•ix  years  Hector  of  the  parifh. 

Sejft.  \  A}^  90,  the  He  v.  Samu^t  Wix,  M.A.^ 
Rector  of  Inworth,  En»ei,  and  Vicar  of  St.  Bar- 
ibolamew-the-Lew,  London. 

Stfil,  6.  At  StaTeley  BMtory,  Torks.,  aged  7ft, 
the  IteT.  Eirh.  Hnytlfy^  late  Reetor  of  Stavelcy. 

Al  Bith*  rrocn  the  effeeta  of  an  aeeideot,  nffed 
60,  the  Rev.  Charter  Grunf,  late  lacttinbeiit  of 
8t  Luke'i,  Briatol. 

Afed  67,  the  Her.  T,  O*  Calhmm,  Vicar  of 
Ooriai;,  and  of  Upper  Beedlnf ,  Soawx. 

AtpL  7.  At  Wilron-vilUa,  ShepberdVbcwli, 
ig«<l  90,  Ule  R#v,  Mtximifian  yunex. 

At  Boalogne,  aired  (A,  the  Rev,  Datid  Pip«r, 
M*A*»  Ioetun1»«tit  of  Siidbcr^,  qo.  Uurhain. 

Sept.  9.  At  Caton*(rrecn,  near  LnnenAter,  aged 
67,  the  Rev.  rFi//»ow  fjttrdiner,  Rector  of  R«xth- 
fordt  Essex. 

•  Sffit.  lA.  Afred  57,  the  Rot.  rAemaj^tirrov, 
Incumbent  of  Fjiner,  MidiUeflcs, 

S*pL  10.  At  the  Royjil  Military  CoUrge,  S»lld- 
borst,  ajped  S".  thu  Re?.  Samuel  IlottUtf, 

Sept.  17,  At  FoQl'B-cray,  Kent,  uge<l  77,  the 
Eev,  £,  M*  Warrintr,  Rhetor  of  that  pariah  t^ 
SSy«ark 


DEATHS. 

ABRAIfGED  IN  CUBONOLOOIOAL  ORDSB, 

April  23.  On  boHrd  the  '*  Lord  DMlhousie,'*  on 
bla  pwaage  from  iBdla,  Lieut.  Kdward  Uampier 
Coekell,  87th  Rcgt.,  wcond  *on  of  the  Hev,  Tboa. 
"H'hilehead  Cuckell,  of  Reading,  liirkthire* 

Jhh*  21.  Oa  bo^rd  the  **  Earl  Balcarraa,"  off 
the  Cape  of  Good  Uope,  Lieut.  Sbakeapeor  Camp* 
bell  CTJiwfurd,  of  the  Artillery,  ton  of  J.  II.  Craw- 
ford, Ute  of  the  Bengal  CItU  Servlee. 

June  23.  At  Calcutta,  afod  6G,  Catherine, 
Widow  of  Charlee  May  Luabiniton,  e»q.,  for- 
merly of  the  Madxaa  CiTil  Serf  ioe. 

July  8.  At  Bboiij,  after  ihrea  SDontha*  atiflSer- 
iif  from  the  bursting  of  a  bloodTcaael,  aired  20, 
LetioolL  St.  John  Bell,  Endgn  of  H.M.'a  lat 
Graoidiera  Bombay  N.I.,  ion  of  the  late  Hon. 
Alesaader  Bell,  Bombay  Civil  i^crrioe,  Member 
uf  ConneiiL 

July  20.  At  Agra,  of  oholeraf  agnl  18,  CapL 
Uantiuga  Edward  HAHngton,  H.M.'a  Indian 
ArUUcry.  V,C.,  third  *on  of  the  late  Her.  JohQ 
UariugtoDi  Reetor  of  UtUe  Uintoa. 

Juiff  tL  At  SeottOderabud,  aged  25,  lieut. 
Bob.  Dennistoun  Macgregor,  of  the  1 7  th  Laocera, 
aon  of  Aloiauder  Macgregor,  eM|. 

July  i:\.  At  Mcvrot,  of  c:io]ienif  aged  20,  Parry 
^'i  WiAion.  esiq..  C^ipt.  ftth  Bus.saj't,  graudaun 


of  John  Parry  de  Win  ton,  eeq.,  of  Maesdenren, 
CO.  Brecon. 

July  24.  At  Surat,  aged  tl,  Arthur  0.  F. 
C^tle,  e«q.,  one  of  the  aadatant-cu^eera  on 
the  Bombay  and  Batoda  Railway,  and  aeoond 
aon  of  Henry  Jame6  Cattle,  esq.,  of  King's  Col- 
lege, London. 

July  25.  At  hii  residence^  Lower  Stewiacke, 
Nova  Scotia,  Ernest  Bancroft  Mackenzie,  cw]., 
younfieat  son  of  the  late  Major  Lewia  Mackenxie, 
Southwich -crescent,  London. 

July  27.  At  Shnla,  agwl  43,  Col.  Sir  Georg« 
Rilx^rt  Barker,  K.C.B.,  Bri(pidJcr  commanding 
the  Royal  A»^Lill<Ty  in  Bengal.  The  deceased 
ollloer  early  diAdngtiiKbed  himae\f  In  the  Eastern 
oacnpaSgn  in  1S5I,  and  attracted  the  especial 
notice  of  Sir  Colin  CanipbelL  He  «uoceaairely 
commanded  the  Hoy  a  I  Artillery  in  the  ezpe- 
ditiijkU  to  Eertcb,  arid  nlau  in  the  left  attack  at 
the  flftU  of  Scbattoptjl.  In  Indla^  during  the  late 
mutiny,  he  agr&ln  met  his  old  General,  Lord 
Clyde ;  and  undt^r  him,  a«  a  Brigadier-General, 
lie  commanded  the  nrt  llery  at  the  aiege  and 
eapttire  of  Lueknow.  He  likewi»e  defeated 
the  rebels  in  force  at  Jamo,  and  captured  llie 
fortreoa  of  Birwa,  for  which  «erTice«  he  woa 
made  a  K.C.B. 

Auff.  3.  At  Vi^danagram,  aged  i%  Capt.  Jamea 
Alexander  Duy,  37th  Madrun  Orenaitien,  eldest 
son  of  the  ble  James  Day.  e»q.,  ILE.I.C.S. 

Aup.  4.  At  Noaeau,  New  Providence  Ifeland, 
of  yellow  ferer,  aged  17,  Charles  Jaa.  Chi^holme, 
aeeund  aon  of  the  Hon.  Copt.  St,  Clolr,  R.N. 

Aug.  8.  At  Moka,  Maurltlua,  aged  G7,  Edmuod 
KartindaSe,  esq.,  formerly  Capt,  in  U.M.*(i  Royal 
BtatrCorpa. 

Atiff.  31.  At  Guildford^  Mr.  George  Rueaell, 
late  Master  of  Abbot's  Hospital. 

Avy.  13.  *«Th«iaaaWitlftm  AlkiriRoa,"  (men- 
tioned at  p.  3uS,)  *^ha«  a  claim  to  notice  in  thcM 
pngee,  a»  formerly  an  architect,  and  one  whoee 
iofluenes  ahould  be  credited  with  the  first  initi- 
ative of  the  arBhitectnral  taate  for  irhicb  the 
town  of  ManehcMiter  Laj  ainee  become  remark- 
a^ile^  The  elory  of  Atklneon's  life  Trill  probably 
tiever  be  prccti^ly  told ;  the  little  that  haa  ap> 
tiearcd  in  pnnt  it.  incomplete  or  InaccurHte ;  but 
could  the  biography  be  written,  it  would  be 
found  one  of  tbc  oiu^t  curioua  und  thoufzUl^AUg- 
getting.  Our  firftt  traces  of  Atkinsoii  point  to 
a  very  hnmblc  origin.  He  appears  to  hare  been 
either  an  ordinary  moaon  or  a  e^rrwr^  employed 
on  the  charclie»  of  the  north,  such  as  tho««e 
which  William  Godwin  designed.  Though  not 
previously  remarkable  for  the  constitutional  and 
mental  gifts  wbicb  mte  demanded  of  a  traveller, 
Atkinson  displayed  in  tbL>  course  of  bis  wander- 
ings great  power  of  endurance  and  much  ad- 
dren;  ao  that  hiii  works  ha^e  added  important 
parlicuLire  to  the  knowledge  of  Kaasia  and  Asia, 
Including  the  river  Amoor  and  the  conQnea  of 
Chinese  TurLary.  The  distance  which  be  oeca- 
aiooaUy  traversed  in  a  single  day,  acri»«»  the 
tUppt  where  delay  mis  death,  by  the  Asiatic 
melbod  of  leading  the  relays  of  hori»es,  and 
chonginf'  tromi  one  to  another,  was  cxtniurdi- 
nory;  and  during  the  whule  of  ba  truveU  b* 


454 


Obitcakt. 


roet.' 


mmm  t9  tef>  nrwm  iMt  m  nmmn  of  nnwtilt 
mhmt  IM  M  iritli  4  fxodl,  eotam,  aad  mm^ 
b«eli«  H*  stut  hftve  left  Mnwvhcrc  s«  movant 
of  BtttariaUi  eves  naeli  beroMl  what  would  be 
MppOMd  flEOB  III*  mmfreHA  *%itamm  wUdi 

l9e  MvulBSsd  thui  b«  w«ltlLdwfrciofy»e 
prepna  mdebf  the  EohIuu  in  the  dif«etjaii 
«f  Indli,  or  more  eonpelcnt  to  t^n  am  apiaiaa 
Ol  ^netifciM  «ycfc  kev9  been  avMlb  dbewacd 
WBBfeud  «tth  iluA  e«lt|ec«.  doe  «l  his  two 
ranlTfaf  ddMraa,  Mto  Komi  WUetaife  AUdn. 
eon,  le  boC  ttakaowB  in  tbe  Utenry  irerld,  Imy- 
Int  wcitleB  *Tlie  LiTCi  of  the  Qoecaa  of  PntMM,* 
end  •  reeent  noreL  Ab  aa  at«hlteet,  Alktuxm 
tMd  feir  ]mpll0 ;  thaw  of  M*  MAitctiwtcr  pniod, 
Mr.  F.  T.  B<lllH»ciae  end  Mr,  Ed«.  lUll,  P.S.A^ 
both  now  of  LoodoQ,  ert  fbeee  whose  namce  we 
moOeel."— Bwl/<f«r. 

At  l*ort  ao|r»l.  Jemoka,  igid  !&*  Jolu  GEbcft 
rnuusklfs,  AMietaat  PajTBueter  ILM.S.  "Buw 
f»eout«,''  and  eUeet  eoo  «i  Gokniel  Ftteekljn* 
C.B,,  R.A, 

AMff.  19.  At  Leii^t«r,  sffed If » WiDiem Bool 
Power,  fMq, 

Uenrjr  [lamlttoa,  ew|,,  of  BalHnMOoI.  to.  Utath, 
late  Ghpt.  In  the  13lh  Light  I^ragoona, 

MtnibelU  LimU«  DoIruh,  mcozmI  child  of  Ja«. 
Hargnve  lUniMo,  ceq^  »t.  Oeorgo*t-hallf  Qrcat 
TarmonCh. 

J.Hy.  SO.  PrtifeMior  Qaekett^  F.R.A.,  (men- 
tioDed  mt  p.  S3«, )  wan  tbe  fourth  ton  of  the  late 
Mr.  Qtwkett,  Qcmd  Master  of  LaagptTrt  Oram- 
»ar>«ehoiil»  et  whteh  inittCiitlioii  he  reedred  his 
•leweatory  edweeaoa*  At  tlie  mrij  afe  of  lU* 
leen  be  gara  e  eontie  of  lectures  cm  ailerofleopic 
adeeee,  iUiutreted  hy  d^gnm»  and  a  mLcroacopc 
of  bii  own  making.  And,  traly,  if  anjthLag  was 
wantbi|-  to  ebew  tbe  inisri^noitf  of  the  boy.  no- 
t44ng  eo4i1d  exhibit  it  »o  much  &«  tbis  LruitrQ* 
Bhent,  made  up  of  matniats  famished  by  e  eom- 
tftOB  roaettiit'Jsek,  a  iMly's  old-CMhiotiedperasoJ, 
and  irieoes  of  brase  porehased  st  a  oeiirhbotar^ 
iBf  marine  Ktore-dealer's  and  bammtred  out  by 
himself.  With  this  lofiratnent,  which  is  stlU 
preetrved,  Mr.  QuckeU  made  same  important 
dlseoteriM.  On  tbe  comi)tetioii  of  tb«  above- 
flsmtkmed  oourui  be  rrpab^  to  LoitdoD,  and 
was  appraatleed  to  hJ*  brother,  tbe  late  Edwin 
Qtteketl,  ths  Leetarer  on  Botany  at  the  London 
lIo*|iltal,  at  whirb  fnftituLltm  be  ws*  entered  «• 
a  *ladent,  uad  when*  be  sit  oaoe  obtained  furour- 
•hle  notl(M^.    On  itK' eoonpU'tlofl  oP  i»e 

hfsnme  a  LicentUte  of  the  .Ipoti 
^ny,  and  a   Mrml>pr  of  th«  U^';  wf 

ftorffcons  of  Lond^jn.     Tht^  initUuUon   hatinjf 
|Bst  then  f««l«l3h*hf'd  n  trtinlent»bt|»  in  Human 
and  Gon  i : 
pcflcdfbt 


via*  fkeee  yean^  he  was  flppcasdiM  AeNisfenA 
Ooaacrfawr  of  Unf  Huiieciaa  Moscm,  0«ite 
rellrfSKBl  oif  PraliEasav  Owtn,  Mr.  QmIm^  hw 
elected  Ms  ameeoaor.sa  elso  Fi  mmmw  of  Hlrt»- 
lofry,  aa  appoivtacBt  whUi  ha  held  e«  tte  itaM 
afhJadeath.  FtoiMar Qackelt leaece  a  wAAai» 
and  fbar  ehUdivit. 

Ai  her  ra^denee,  FaUhrd  Ozaafa^  «atr  Ted^ 
aged  79.  Miaa  Hartley.  l*«e  of  Btatfaitf,  Torfcs. 

Attf,  fU  At  Oiwee.  Isle  of  Wlffe^  teed  m^ 
Col.  Rkhardaim  WillioB  Hoey,  htfa  Uart^Qj, 
of  the  1st  Boyal  Bcgt. 

At  Odiham,  aged  Tt,  BoptAs,  widow  oT  Cfca 
B«T*  Jolm  'Bmrj  Georga  LeCray,  ti  Ewshol- 
boase^  ILeetor  of  «isbe. 

Am§*  SS.  At  by  raldeaee,  Lyme  Befte,  e^ed 
ea,  HeBi7  Bolder,  «Mi^OKpi,lL It.  ThedeecasaA 
was  aim  or  Hl^  lata  W.  Boleler,  F.S.  A.«  of  Bswolt. 
hottsev  Esatry,  Kent,  and  brother  of  Capt.  Sahtk 
H.  Ooteler,  ILX.  He  enlored  ite  nary  in  Oetobcr» 
VeOt^aadserredesamidetaipaiaa  in  mr  Boban 
QOdafs  aetkm,  Jaly  It,  laof.  Ha  after wania 
aened  oa  the  Boltie  eUtioa,  ud  fa  the  Weist 


i 


deetnioUoQ.  Oet.  V^  1M9»  of  the  FHaeb  lbie-o«. 
battle  iMpe  **  Eobaste^  aad  **  JJm  r  and  i  iiieipi 
attbebtoeksdeofl^oidaBialitL  He  wa»  pro* 
noted  to  Ueotenaat  Sept.  16,  1S12,  and  aOer 
■erring  agids  on  the  Meditrrraocaa  lietion,  and 
at  Ireland^  and  for  three  yean  la  tbe  Lefvmrd 
Iilands,  was  promoted  to  Cooimaodflr,  Aufvstl  U^ 
IS19.  From  1103  to  lUO  he  was  employed  in  tho 
Coast  Guard;  bad  the  eoperiatendeiiee  of  tb« 
packet  estabtisbment  at  Dover,  ttom  8rp«embar« 
1»37,  to  tbe  mnimer  of  1M1 ;  and  from  Aagiul 
that  year  until  the  cl^^e  of  1&16  was  agais  em- 
ployed in  tbe  CkMUbt  Gturd.  He  retired  with  the 
rank  of  DspUin,  April  1,  IS^.  Capt.  Boteler 
n)4.rried,  in  1829,  Henrietta,  dan.  of  the  Lata 
Allan  Bellinghsm,  esq.,  and  niece  of  Sir  William 
Bemngban>,bart.«orOwtIeB«UinL-  —  ^  —  ^om 
he  has  left  a  yoong  family.    C^p!  iLf- 

brotber  wns  the  late  WUUam  Pull  ']•» 

Q.C.,  Recorder  of  Osnterbury,  Sajid^tcb,  Hytiie, 
Romney,  and  Deal,  Steward  of  Fordwicb.  and 
a  IlcncbcTof  LtnoolnVlnn.  Tbe  family  of  Bottler 
hate  boeo  coouected  with  Sandwich  ftince  tbe 
early  part  of  tbe  fifteenth  centary,  und  a  member 
of  the  family,  in  rl^ht  of  his  office  oa  s  borim  of 
the  Cinque  ports^  was  one  of  the  holders  of  the 
royal  eonopy  at  the  eoruaation  of  Henry  VL— 
Lonthn  Jii*riew^ 

At  »t  Nifibulas,  QuUdfordi  aged  ad,  ' 
nu>drm»  esq. 

At  llarrogate,  Riflhard  OastJer,  oiq.    BoeOai^ 

TtJAST. 

Ai*4f,  SS.    At  hmr  resUaoee^  Taataorf  aged  RS, 

•  '.    r        ine,  widow  of  Jo-sgpb  HadlUld,  aat|., 
l»ie  uf  Wight,  and  siiQgitd  datLOf 
.■-,  ....  '.-  „-  .Vhlte. 

At  the  Marine  Uotei,  Hornsea,  aged  Sd,  Ma.t- 
m«iduke  Thomas  Prkketl,  eeq.,  of  Uuih 

A$tf.  24.  At  Chclieub«m«  aged  72,  Laura,  wlila 
ofwir  Hobcrl  Smifkc, 


186L] 


Obituary, 


455 


IaUi  Rov.  B.  jMkioiif  Tkar  of  ^IMon,  Com- 
ber I  imd. 
At  D4rtoEi.Qpoii*HQinber,  aged  71,  Mr,  Wm* 

Au§^  %h.  Soddentf,  in  London,  Thomut  Jutiei 
TtiocftKAt  dtq^f  tumaexVy  ot  H.M.'a  Mth  EefL, 
and  ancle  lo  ib«  pre«eiil  Lord  Vi^ouot  BADeLii|;h. 

At  Pembroke,  ngvd  34,  tiurab  Maria,  wfdcivr  of 
C«L  St.  Jubo  Urowiie,  H*A, 

At  Beading.  Catiieiine,  widow  of  Bobt.  Barlow, 
caq.,  formerly  of  tUc  Bcog&l  Civil  Serrio©. 

At  >#«,  on  board  H,M,S.  "Jason,"  aged  J7. 
BagiiiaUl  M.  WodclioQse,  Midshipinmn.  tceond 
Km  of  tiie  late  Hon.  and  Bcrv.  Alfred  WodchouM. 

At  Dr«.>«wiK>d,  8lairL«rdnbirc,  a^st^d  77,  Felicia, 
widow  of  the  Hev«  Jcremi&b  Smlih,  D.D.,  for- 
matiy  Uigki  Maater  of^Maaohrater  School,  and 
Eeetoff  of  Si.  Annoys  Cburob,  ia  ibat  olty. 

Aug,  M*  At  Bbhopaoourt,  Isle  of  Man,  ac« 
oidantally  drowned  wtdlo  bathing,  aged  H,  Aim 
Crertmde,  dati.  of  th«  Hon.  and  Bt.  Bar.  thtt 
Lurd  Hiiibop  of  Sodor  and  Man, 

At  bU  reaMSflUfw,  Glofuwster,  afr«d  34,  Qi!>arge 
Uymcnvua  LovegroTe,  esq.,  J.  P.  for  the  city  of 
-  Gtouc9«icr,  and  Senior  Surgeon  to  tho  Glouoeater 
Couiitf  Hospital. 

At  Uleworth,  aged  5S,  Ann,  aecund  dau.  of  th« 
lat«  Bier,  Wm,  Mann,  M.A.,  of  St  Saviour'a, 
8o«thwark. 

Auif.  27.  At  WlckUam-«ourt,  ug^d  7%  BUxa, 
widow  of  the  ttor.  Hir  Charlo«  Frojicia  Fimuiby, 
biirt,  and  youngeat  dan.  of  ttie  late  Thinnaa 
Morland,  esq. 

At  Jeraey,  Catharine,  yoangest  dan.  of  ihc'  late 
Sir  Jamea  Orahun,  ban.,  of  Ntrthcrby, 

Aged  at,  Barriat  EUnnab,  wife  of  the  Be?. 
Oeo.  PnUlipa,  Inoiunbent  of  Upper  Edmonton. 

At  B«dh£U,  aged  SO,  MatQda  Jomima,  yoongest 
dan,  of  Lieut. -Col.  Ouerin,  li.M/it  Bombay  Arm  j. 

Auff*  28.  In  Pork'lanc,  the  Marchionci*  of 
Brendalbane.  The  daoanied  ladj  wu  tho  eldeat 
dau.  of  Mr.  Oeoii^  BaiUi*,  of  JerrSawood,  N.B., 
tij  Mar  J,  yotugcat  dau.  of  the  Infee  Sir  Jamea 
Pringlc,  bart.  8be  waa  bom  on  the  SDth  of  Juno, 
1S03,  and  married,  on  the  33rd  of  Noyember, 
1831,  the  Marqoi*  Of  Ureadalbane.  Tho  Mar- 
cbioneM  waa  si*t«r  of  tiie  Earl  of  Ifuddlo^ttm, 
the  C^untea*  of  Aberdeen,  Lady  Polworth,  ttnd 
the  Cuunte«A  of  AAbbumham. 

At  Lomharrdalc-houie,  Tbonuu  Batcman,  eeq, 

BeoOuiTUAKY. 

At  l^eaiuington,  aged  SQ,  Heary  Moora,  eaq., 
of  Bodeen,  Ireland,  formerly  of  Broughton, 
Linooluahlro. 

At  Stoke,  Devonport,  »ged  85,  Lieut *CoL 
Henry  North,  half-pay,  Uth  Foot,  He  entered 
the  iLraty  a»  Lieuu  July  37,  1790,  and  becutne 
Capt.  August  22,  1904.  He  served  with  the  7th 
Fu-<llierft  in  the  expedition  ajcainat  Capenhuicvn 
Iq  18a*,  atHl  the  2nd  b^ttnUon  of  the  Uth.  under 
Sir  IMvid  Uaird,  and  rcccited  the  war  medal 
with  one  elaiip  for  Cumnna,  He  wiu  oUo  present 
At  the  tlege  of  FlUAtalng. 

In  Doraet-aq,,  age.1  39,  Ann  LetltU,  wife  of 
I^ut.-Cot,  Oeorge  I>e  aauaaores,  lUt  Madraa 
Native  Infantry,  nnd  ymmfial  4»tl.  of  the  late 
Frnlerlck  l>u  LUle,  eaq. 


At  the  Park,  Bath,  aged  &9,  William  MeAdam« 
eaq.,  of  Batlocbmorrie-house,  Ayrabire,  Surveyor^ 
General  of  Itomda.  He  wa»  the  grandson  of  the 
Invenlor  of  the  ayntem  of  road-making  which 
goes  by  hia  name,  and  woa  himaelf  a  man  of 
great  t&lent  at  an  engineer. 

At  PlMahet,  Eoarx,  aged  84,  Joecph  Fry,  esq. 

Aged  fl4,  Mujor  TUomns  Armstrong,  late  of 
the  16lh  Loncen  and4Ctb  Foot. 

Auff,  29.  At  Sonarelena,  Switaerland,  aged 
iB,  Biehord  Blair,  eaq.,  of  FranekUn  Manor, 
Nora  Sootio,  formeriy  of  Caatle  Bromwicb,  War* 
wiokabire. 

At  her  residence,  Brewer-at.,  Woolwich.  Mtaa 
Bet»cy  Cippe  Hideout,  aUtcr  of  the  late  Capt. 
Samuel  Hideout.  R.N. 

At  8t.  Mary*le-Simnd-place,  Old  Kent-road, 
aged  35,  Trobcnioa  Chapman,  youngest  and  only 
aLtrvirinjur  sun  of  the  Uto  Francis  Town^end,  ceq.» 
of  th*  llerald«*  College, 

At  Ockhroak-boitae,  ithe  reddenee  of  hia  fatber- 
in*l«w.  Major  Hurt,)  ajye*!  35,  Edmund  Yatca 
Peel,  e*q.,  of  Fem-hill,  Ltuijjhnme,  Curmurthen- 
ahire,  youiigei^t  son  of  the  lale  Bcv,  G.  H.  Peel. 

Auf.  30.  At  hlfi  rf»idente,  in  Albany->#t^, 
Ref(ent*s-park,  aged  81,  John  Fronci»,  esq.  Tbia 
gentleman,  who  was  very  emlneut  In  his  day  aa 
a  sculptor,  and  also  as  baring  train  id  in  their  art 
aomc  of  onr  lotiat  ritdng  ftctilptora,  was  an  In- 
stance of  iieir*tccichin|7,  alihough  his  choice  of  a 
profession  tiiilght  almost  be  satd  to  have  been  ac- 
Qklentol.  Mr.  Francia,  who  was  a  native  of 
Lincoln,  became,  at  an  early  age,  a  farmer  in 
tbut  county ,  but  with  a  natural  talent  in  the 
direetlLm  which  ultimately  determined  Ma  career. 
ni«  wife  was  a  near  relailve  of  Lord  Netfton,  and 
when  he  died,  Mr.  Pranoia  conceived  the  notion, 
which  he  carried  owt,  of  carving  in  Jet  a  funeral 
car  of  thehcro.  This,  and  more  eapecUilly  a  flgn  re- 
head  of  Vicujry,  attracted  the  notice  of  the  cele- 
brated Mr.  Coke,  afterwards  Earl  of  Leicester, 
wlio  at  once  advised  hla  going  to  London,  and 
who  became  and  eontinued  his  nteady  patron, 
Mr.  Francis  became  a  pupil  of  Chantrey,  and 
wati  Hubficque'ltly  fntroducM  by  Mr.  Coke  to  the 
leading?  men  of  the  Whig  party,  of  whom  he  was 
during  the  whole  of  his  oarter  the  apedal  nculp- 
tor^  He  was  a  great  favonrite  with  William  IV., 
and  was  patroiiiieed  by  the  Duke  of  Sussex,  the 
Dukea  of  Btdford  and  Norfolk,  and  the  Yemen 
fiuoily.  Tbe  patronnge  of  the  Iste  King  wua 
continued  by  ller  MuJeMy  Qut-en  Victoria  and 
the  Prinoe  Consort.  Whtn  the  late  Duke  of 
S.ixe  Coburg  died,  Mr-  Francis  waji  oommisoioned 
to  execute  a  b«Bt  from  the  must  inadequate  ma- 
tetiala.  He  had.  in  fact,  to  imagine  the  like- 
nCM,  and  he  cxecuied  his  tAsk  with  such  mar- 
YcUous  skill  aa  to  command  the  wannest  ap- 
proval and  noknimtedgiDaita  fhim  both  tho 
Quoen  and  the  Prince.  Mr.  Franda  has  left 
behind  him  a  valuable  colleetlon  of  life  portrulttt 
in  marble,  among  which  are  thoee  of  Her  Ma- 
jesty, tho  Prince  Cooaort,  Earl  BuaseU,  Lord 
Btou^bsm,  and  many  other  dlatlngidshed  per- 
sonages. Mr.  Frauds  lived  to  aeo  his  faviiurito 
puptla  attain  eminence.  His  daughter,  Mra. 
ThoTOj-cnvBt  1*  capedaUy  known  by  her  admi- 


456 


OmTTAET, 


MkT t  «fw»  «r  the  109^  fkMiw  tad  grwd- 
iMrtiiii.  v^tdeb  arc  niiitahk  sot  oalj  far  the 
Mtlitx  ^  the  portrula,  1«i  ftln  fkir  their  ^rtittim 
wiitjrtlnB  «d  OKwtfMii.  lk.TlM«sfenin,hcv 
^■■^■■*_  ia  j1«»  kaDv«  m  i  ie«l|Car,  vhiMe 
alM  «e  direct^  !■  the  U«lti«f«  wmlk«  <yf  lili  an* 
MatSbnr  KqMe  ud  loKp«i  Durham,  w%<m 
wtjtk*  art  k»o«rii  far  md  wide,  w«i«  al»e  Ik- 
vv^n-f  pFapaa  of  Mr.  FkWMia. 

M.  Imt^tnu-m,  ag«d  70,  iyho  Matkaj,  oq., 
Frocwtttor-flanl  for  t)ie  cow&ty. 

J«y.  ai.  At  Watlmftm,  afcd  SI,  Joha  Boirf 
0«oh«,  esq.,  tolidtor,  and  Coram-  for  the  Bomikr 
«B  IMHiioii  of  Oxfordafaire. 

M  W«hh^  Csmt^'terT^  Xtv  Keat-nm^  «i»d 
il,  Stba,  xottct  oC  Jobs  Baptist  Anfdl,  of  the 
Ordiisfte»-«noc,  Tower. 

X,«l«|^  At  Darittin,  ag^  M.  WaUain  Bich- 
ardMB*  **Tht  gnre  haa  jQ«t  cloafd  over  th« 
vcBuiaa  of  ■>  old  Mm  vtU  knoini  to  Durhaia 
dltfatta;  ud  wvt  to  than  akne,  but  to  the 
MMntryrvmid.  At th* afe oT dghtf-foo^ reanh 
WUttaiD  Biehardaon— maeb  better  Imovii  by  the 
prvtvMal  title  of  'BiUy  Biebey'-hae  tacem 
r«ihend  to  hia  fiUhera.  Who  remnaberf  not 
that  dtmliiutire  form,  with  unoertaia  ^tt,  aCiok 
tn  baitdr  whkh  uaed  to  walk  vp  and  down  o«r 
atreeta,  e^at^ag  with  corkiiia  tenacity  to  the  i«fe 
i(ide  of  the  road  1  We  fiwey  many  a  70iaiiffeter» 
who  oied  at  timea  to  ooeaiiaii  the  old  man  aome 
omofiaeet  win  heave  a  ilfh  of  regrrt  at  tlie 
thought  of  hla  drpartare.  The  deoeaaed  waa  fur 
aomt  yean  pariah  clerk  at  thechnreh  of  St.  ]faiy> 
le-Bow,  under  the  Eev.  Dr.  Sbljrperdaon.  He  ia 
chiefly  known,  however,  a«  bcxnf  one  of  the  oM 
dty  '  waitt'-'Wboae  prarlnee  it  wa<  to  parade 
the  iterceu  at  a  rrry  early  hour  (n  tbe  winter 
mominga,  indieati»r  by  the  oombined  mask  of 
videe  and  rloUn  the  nature  of  the  wtathcr. 
Many  win  remember  the  weU  known,  time- 
bonooffd  ery,  '  Holf-paat  two  o*doeh,  and  a 
fine  froaty  mor'inr*'  which  waa  tbe  pecaliar 
nod  atereotyped  rreetinr  of  the  waits  to  the 
alttmberinf  or  waking  ciLEena.  To  hear  them 
that  waa  loojctd  upon  a»  a  aure  harbinger  of  tlie 
hapfiy  period  of  Cbriatmaa  tide;  that  aeaaon  when 
the  deceaied  partook  of  a  genial  htwpitaljty,  and 
for  which  he  hod  a  Tery  deddcd  partiality.  Hla 
life  and  aTocation  are  redolent  of  tbe  *  good  old 
titn*%,*  and  tut  doubt  every  cIUkch,  if  tbey  did 
not  trjiarate  Ui«  man  whOe  alive,  will  reepcct 
hi«  mcfoory  m  the  huMagar  of  the  old-fkabloaed 

At  Wooderoft  Ca^le,  (the  ni«i<l0i)ve  of  her 
aOB-inbw,  Mr.  8pcneer.)  aged  72,  Mm.  Artlf, 
Wtitorw  of  ' '  'at  Gaalor,  whoac  valoable 
lUutntt  i*eBoiBa&dlaeoveriMalthe 

Ihat^Batuf     .  A  *s\\  kw^wn,  to  aodqaartea. 

»*pt,  V.     At  \v  Uitcbn(jiM«,  EainhnrgH,  iig<>d  80, 

^  iiir«l*J«,TliM. 

S^  ,  Caniba.,  and 

i»i  .J Ilea  ut  Ciuu- 

b?:  t«  one  of  the 

ftt  I  <  otmt^  of  Ci«m- 
hfUl^c,  <^^^  ^^i  upHti;jJU  u,[  Lbut)  jream  nn  active 

nwiJkatrat*  fur   Uuiitiii^doUAbltr,  ilurirtg   mure 


fhaa  twoi^  fiwr*  of  wMeh  fBiia  he  waa  Ckair- 
ava  of  the  m.  tvee  Bawii  of  td^rtralea. 
At  Altenioae^  Wtfwf^Mhiec^  ^<4  H  GMf«» 

AS  Bothialtr«  aged  Ui,  Maaa  taHh«  «i^  ftr 
twenty-fve  jtmn  aa  adHn  ^igfrttili  of  the 
eooaty  of  KenL  Be  only  aaitteed  hb  wilb  (taa- 
bea«,  aged  n)  elevw  boora. 

Ai  Miltoa-ph^  aged  Tl.  IhMaa  ftitrigK,  fig 
FUaailtiam  bmifiaa,  aad  fwnmif^  Ihe  mtkm 
wportamn  ia  Envlaad.  He  had  beta  wi^  Ite 
FflawiQuBB  haanda  far  acariy  forty-oaa  TM*% 
^d  H  waa  only  laal  y  ar  that  a  leiffiiioniai  of  MO 
guineaa  waa  praaeated  to  him,  for  hla  aaal  aad 
coarlcay  in  the  haating4leld, 

Meft.t.  At  BflfhlnB,ageddS,  ADirewfte»<- 
fag  Hadlaatone,  eaq.^  of  Hattna  l<diB«  Caai- 
berland,  aad  of  Bydal>haB,  WettmonAand. 

At  the  Ec«iory.  Wethc^ngeett,  Baflolk.  aged 
Kit  Eobcn  Bdea,  eldeat  and  caily  aorviving  aea 
o'  the  tett  Bitw.  Bobeit  Moore,  ju.,  BeoCor  of 
Wetheringaett- 

At  Xlaaerley  VIeange,  ShrofMhire,  WQJaamn 
P!raaoai,  wilb  ofthe  Ber.  Edmnad  W^  O,  Bridge- 
man,  toeond  dan.  of  the  late  RiehaTd  Biefaiard% 
eeq.,  of  Caerynwch,  Merioni^thibire. 

Sept,  S.  On  board  hk  ya^t,  off  Erilh*  UM 
Ktrl  of  Mount  Edgcambe.    See  Oarrr«aT. 

At  Torqaaj,  aged  19,  IsAf  Mary  Adley^  4ait« 
of  tbe  Earl  and  Cofonteaa  of  6hafle«bury. 

At  Batb,  Frederick  Dowdtng,  oq.,  aolMtor,  aad 
one  of  tbe  aldermen  of  that  city* 

At  SbppbrrdVbtuib,  Mary  Attn,  rdiet  of  E* 
Riadore,  M.D.,  and  dan,  of  the  lata  Bee.  Df; 
Geldart,  LL.D.,  of  Biggla  Grange,  Ecctar  af 
Kirk  DeigbUm,  ToHuibif  e.  Dr.  BiadttW  dkd  dB 
tbe  Ifttb  of  Aognat  last. 

At  Bad  Wcilbach,  Naana,  aged  10.  WnUam 
Charles  Watts,  esq.,  eldeat  aon  of  the  bte  Vk»- 
Adminl  Wjitt»,  C.B. 

fis^pf .  4.  At  auny-hmue,  near  Ihiskeld,  Ptrlh- 
tbirv,  aged  M,  Mi^or-Gcn.  DavM  Cnninghaaiev 
Ut  Bombay  loaona. 

At  Alvecboreh  Bectory,  {the  reaidenoe  of  hla 
brother,  tbe  Arebdcaeon  of  CnreaMy,)  tftcr  a 
abort  illncat,  aged  98,  Enkine  Douglaa  js^odftird, 
eaq. ,  Sberiff  of  Galloway.    See  Osrrt'  4aT. 

At  Dover,  aged  M,  Thooiaa  Pain,  esq.,  ftegla- 
trar  of  the  Cinque  Porta 

Sept,  y  At  Peno,  Buckingbam,  agfd  79,  after 
aeven  jeara  of  intent  cnffering,  John  C3aihc» 
enq.,  former W  Seeretary  of  the  Waterloo  SnW 
BcnpUon  Fund. 

At  the  Jtectorj-,  Church  Lawford*  Wmpfeki*  ^ 
ahire,  aged  67,  Wm.  Hole,  Ciq. 

^it(, «.    At  hla  reaidenee,  Brixtoo>hni,  L<t1c€'^ 
Hkftft,  tsq.,  late  of  the  Bmne  Eatabliahtiumt  of 
the  £««t  India  Cotnpanf . 

tn  GroVL'-Unp,  CumtxTwcll,  aged  W.  M^rx, 
widow  of  Tbomoi  Courlb<^iic,  r»q.,  of  C^unber^ 
weU,  and  rorinerlj-  of  Rothoibilh«*. 

At  WindMir,  n^rd  m,  Mn.  Gould,  toother  of 
JohnGft/  '  *   RJ<.»  &c. 

At  >  '.   NejianO*   South   Wal«»» 

aged7h,  : 

At  C^Ailc  iIe«(.jiHb4in,  Ciiacx,  aged  06,  Celho- 
rlne,  ;uungnt  ^u,  f>f  the  ijiie  Ret.  ThoiMia 


1861.] 


Obituart. 


467 


SterenJi,  D.D.,  Rector  of  Panfleld,  Vicar  of  He- 
lion*  Dum^trad,  in  the  eiaoits  county,  taid  Bome* 
Ume  Follow  of  Trinity  CoMefr^,  Cambridgn, 

SepU  7,  At  Norwood,  Amplb,  relict  of  Al«lor- 
man  Tbompi>aaf  M.P-,  of  rndcdfy-balU  West'- 
moreliind,  and  FBrk-Bt.,WeAti&iiuter,MLDd  moUier 
of  the  Countcaa  of  BeciiTo, 

Paulino  Anne,  widow  of  the  Rer.  Frederick 
Green,  Vicar  of  Eihngh^m,  Hanto,  and  eldest 
dan.  uf  the  lute  H.  F.  Homeman,  oiq-^  CcmBUl- 
Oen.  for  the  Kingdom  of  Denmark. 

At  the  New  Club,  Editibar^h,  Robert  Clerk 
Cheupp^  VAq.^  nf  Strath tyrum,  Fifcshire.  H  ehad 
an  utifortutidite  huMt  of  readingr  in  bed,  and 
having  fiiilea  afleep.  It  b  believed  that  the  eur- 
talfw  Mtoliiiig  fire  fell  on  hli  face,  wMch  was 
fHfhtftLlly  seoinched.  It  apprarv  that  he  had 
brought  water  from  tome  of  tht  ociiirhbaiiiijig 
rooms,  and  at  laat  «aoeeeded  in  cxtingnifhtng 
the  flamea,  bat  not  before  hia  hand«  and  tbighi 
were  h 'peletsly  bamedi.  Instead  of  rotuini^  the 
liouae»  Mr.  Cheape  crept  to  an  empty  bedroom 
aeAr,  and  Ixj  for  several  hotirs  in  torture,  till 
the  serruit*  of  the  Club  found  him  In  the  mom* 
ing :  he  died  a  few  houra  afterwarda. 

At  the  reaidenee  of  her  son-in-law,  (John  Batten, 
«Ki.,  Denmark -hill,  Hurrey,)  aged  67,  laabella, 
relict  of  Stephen  Hargravis,  eaq.*  of  Roek-bo., 
Settle,  Yorkshire, 

At  Walmer,  Kent,  aged  70,  Marj  Amutt  widow 
of  CapL  Fctcr  Fkher,  R.N. 

At  Cn»w>hall,  near  GateaheudL  Capt.  Lawrence 
Bobert  Bhawc,  Barrack-maatcr.  Xewcamtle.  Tho 
deoeated  formerly  •erri.d  in  Lh«  Hh  Dragoon 
OuitrdiK  and  had  filled  the  poil  ol  Barmek- 
muTer  at  Preitton,  in  Lancashire.  In  tS3§  hit 
married  a  daughter  of  Ijortl  BoUngbroke. 

Srpt.  8,  At  Brightun,ttged  36,  Wm,  Vu  Vemct, 
esq.,  late  Capt.  in  H,M.'«  Mth  Regt. 

After  a  prolonged  illneas  aged  2^  Mary  Einily, 
dau.  of  Arthur  PooUy  Onslow,  e»q.,  of  Send- 
groTe,  Ripley,  Surrey,  late  of  the  Madrai  CItU 
SorTlee. 

At  Brightan,  at  anadrvnotd  age,  Elixa  Clarke, 
of  Belfield,  eo.  Wcatraeaih,  and  Spring-gariiciui- 
tcrrace,  London,  relict  of  Georpte  Cliirke,  of 
HydC'halU  Cheshire,  and  di4u.  of  Gen.  Rttchfort, 
R.A»,  Woolwich,  nephew  of  the  ftreond  Earl  of 
Belvidere. 

8€pt.  9.  At  Ayr.  Major  Hen.  CarmlcHael  Smytli, 
formerly  of  the  fl.E.LC.  Bengal  Englnfl«ni. 

At  Hitdetttoa,  Suffolk,  ag«d  31,  Clanwa  Catha- 
rine, wife  of  the  Rev.  Acland  Jamcc«  U.A., 
Curate  of  Wtttitham,  near  BUdciitoo,  and  eldc«t 
dau.  of  the  late  Baron  de  H.  Larpeut,  of  Elciim- 
wood«hoaae,  Dorking. 

At  Onaterbury,  Hr«.  Bentham,  widow  of  Lleut.- 
Oen.  Bentham,  R.A. 

5o><.  10*  At  LiTerpool-hou-'**,  Walmer,  Kent, 
iged  G3,  Ucut.  li  nry  Wise  Uarvey,  ILN, 

At  SuBtone,  Oaon,  aged  89,  EatlH  r»  widow  of 
the  Rev.  Tbomaa  Oakley,  M.A. 

At  Ijiundc  Abbey,  Loioe«ter»hire,  aged  B4, 
Mary,  widow  of  John  Finch  Simpson,  »q.,  of 
Launde  Abbey, 

WUUaiQ  Padirlck,  eaq.|  of  the  Manor-hooae, 
XLiyllng  Utand,  Uante. 


Srp(,  IL  At  8L  Leonard** -on* Ppft,  uftfr  a 
long  illnesa,  AugiuU  Peel,  wife  of  the  Dean  of 
Worcester. 

At  the  Rookery,  Sutton  ColdOeld,  aged  BO, 
Anne,  lister  of  the  laie  Rev.  William  Webb, 
D.D.,  Master  of  Clare  College,  Cambridge. 

At  hia  reeidenee,  Alfred-plaee,  B«<lford-«quQre, 
agrd  71,  William  Rawlina,  Esq.,  3fl.D. 

At  Haropton-Oay,  near  Oxford,  agfd  34,  Henry 
B.,  only  non  of  the  late  Rev.  Henry  Willoughby, 
Rector  of  Frampton  Cotterel,  Gloucestershire. 

Stpt.  13.  At  Broodgate,  Pilton,  North  Devon, 
Hbc  Te*idence  of  hiji father,}  aged 8^,  Capt.  Chan. 
Deii borough,  of  the  Madrsi  Artillery. 

Aged  10^.  Mr.  John  Gumming,  farmer,  Scnlnn, 
Brace  of  GletiiiTct.  He  had  paMcd  bu«  whole 
life  in  the  iin mediate  jiclghbourhood  of  Glenlivet* 
having  been  bom  within  half  a  mile  of  the  Kpot 
where  he  died.  He  was  a  man  of  livrly  dinpo- 
sltion,  and  continued  in  etroniai  healih  until 
within  a  very  *hort  time  uf  hiit  death. 

&^f,  13.  At  Newbury,  Berkf*,  aged  71,  John 
Hai^klna,  osq. 

At  Weid-lodge,  Ealing,  Eliisa  HonrietU,  wife 
of  Col.  ElMy. 

At  Southampton,  Frederick  Moffat, ««].,  ddeit 
iurviving  son  of  the  Rev.  Chiiries  Moffiit,  of 
Moiitcr^yard,  Lincoln. 

AthlanMidencc,  Elilnthorp-hall,  near  Borough- 
bridge,  Yorkshire,  aged  71,  He&ton  Clark,  eeq. 

Sept,  14.  At  Exeter,  Hugh,  Earl  Fort««o«e^ 
K.G.    S<^  OaiTVAav. 

At  Stoke  Newington,  aged  7fl,  LienL-OoL  Edw* 
Oebom,  late  of  the  MadniB  Army. 

At  Tamaatone,  Hef«ftjrd«hire,  aged  S.1,  Haiy 
Anne,  widow  of  Oen.  Horttford. 

At  BcuthampUm,  agod  40,  J.  Maraliallf  eeq.i 
M.D. 

Khot  at  Ful wood-barracks,  Pre*iton,  by  a  private 
soldier,  named  Patrick  MTrnfftray,  of  thr  aind 
Rcgt.,  Lieut.-Col.  Hugh  I'enist'roftoti,  the  Com- 
mandant, and  Capt.  John  Oanham,  the  AdJuLamt 
of  the  nth  depAt  ba^talicn.  The  soldier,  for  Aome 
neglect  of  duty,  which  had  been  observf  d  by  the 
Adjutant,  had  been  that  momiiig  Benie]lc^(l  to 
fourteen  dajs*  ounfinement  to  the  bernicka.  About 
eleven  o^clock  Col.  Crofton  and  Capt.  Ilnnhani 
were  erosning  the  horrack-aqaarc  In  company, 
when  the  report  of  flre-arma  was  heard,  and  the 
two  oflicers  fell  wounded.  Col.  Crofton  was  so 
•everely  hurt  that  he  had  to  be  helped  to  his 
qnarten,  but  dipt.  Uanham  wnt  able  to  watk 
witboat  aid.  It  appeared  in  erldeuce  at  the 
inque«t,  that  M*Caiferay,  after  loading  bin  riHe, 
watched  from  his  own  room  the  approach  of  the 
two  officers  across  the  square^  and  when  they 
were  oppo«ite  to  his  quarters,  and  about  siitty 
yards  distant,  be  went  into  a  lobby,  where  be 
was  seen  to  kneel,  take  a  deliberate  aim,  and 
Are  at  the  orficers.  Medical  aid  being  procured, 
it  was  found  that  the  ball  hod  flmt  struck  Col. 
Croftooi  on  his  left  side,  paased  through  the  left 
lung,  and  gone  out  at  hif  rig  lit  »lde.  It  hud  then 
etruek  Oapt.  Hon  ham  on  the  upper  part  of  ttio 
left  arm,  and  lodged  near  the  spine.  The  bnll 
was  extracted  about  an  hour  afterwards.  Col. 
CrofWo  died  of  his  injuries  on  the  following 


458 


OBITHAEr. 


nip^ht,  ttitd  Cmpt,  Emlwiii  Ibe  motrniag  sfUr. 
MTafferaj,  wtum  teicco  tuto  euatody,  said  that 
tie  had  not  intended  to  hit  Col.  Crofton,  imply- 
Inf ,  no  doubt,  thst  bo  had  been  dcsirouft  of 
ibmtSng  Capt.  Hsohant.  Both  of  ttt  dcccftted 
ollicera  vere  heln  to  boronetolc*.  Ck»L  Crofton, 
irho  woe  17  jresr*  of  aire,  vu  the  eldett  son  and 
hfir  of  Sir  Morgnn  George  Crofton,  bart.,  of 
MohiU-hoQ^c,  CO,  Lei  trim,  a  branch  of  the  boii«e 
of  Cro^ozit  Boron  Crofton,  in  the  InAh  peerage. 
He  bod  •cnred  in  the  army  (br  more  than  twcaty^ 
six  years-  the  whole^  with  the  exception  of  thw« 
yeant,  actiYe  service.  At  the  battle  of  the  Alma 
be  commanded  tbe  90tb  Eegrt.,  and  at  the  battle 
of  Tnkermtinn,  whFre  he  was  fC'Ttrely  vonnded 
and  had  a  horse  shot  ondor  him,  he  comn>Andcd 
one  winff  of  the  Bntuh  army.  For  tfae^  ser- 
Ttoea  he  ha.d  been  honourably  oaentioned  in  tho 
despatebea  of  the  Coracnanderin^Chlcf,  and*  In 
Mld^lkiB  to  ft  medal  and  three  clasps,  had  been 
deeonted  wtlli  the  order  of  the  Lef^ion  of  Honour, 
ftii«l  by  tbe  Sultan  with  the  order  of  the  Mf^idie, 
He  mnrricd,  in  l«49,  the  Hon,  Georfrii-na  Lucy, 
eouRin  of  the  present  Lord  de  Blaquiere^  by  whom 
he  leave*  a  family  of  three  children,  the  eldo»t  of 
whom  \b  in  the  eighth  year  of  bis  age. 

Capt.  Hanhamf  aged  S6«  ^ras  the  third  son  of 
the  Idte  Eev«  Sir  James  Hunham,  barL,  Deeii*s- 
ootirt,  DorsetsLirc,  and  brother  and  beir-pre* 
BiimpUTC  to  the  present  baronet,  Sir  Willlsni 
Hanhrun.  He  entered  the  array  tn  1S43,  took 
pan  in  the  SutUj  eampaf|rn  of  1645-6,  was 
wotmded  at  the  battle  of  Moodkee,  and  was  tdno 
present  at  the  battles  of  Peroxcsbah  and  Sobraon. 
For  these  senriocs  he  had  received  a  mecUil  and 
ebupei.  The  appointment  of  adjutant  of  the  1  tth 
dep6t  battalion  was  bestowed  on  him  in  Ckrtober, 
1856.    He  learea  a  wife  and  four  cbilitren. 

Srpt^  15.  At  Florence,  the  Hon,  Oeorgiana, 
widow-  of  Batrman  Doahwood,  esq. 

At  Manjidcld-ho.,  Richmond,  Surrey,  aged  64, 
John  Bro&dhurstt  csrq.^  of  Fonton,  near  Derby. 

Aged  37,  Qcorgo  Henry  Llttledale,  esq.,  late 
First  Boyal  Dragooms. 

At  Cbi'Is worth  Rectory,  Ruffblk,  aged  76,  Blixa- 
beth  Dorothy  Brett,  of  Enat  Grinatead,  Sossex, 
younger  daa.  of  the  late  Rev.  J,  Brett,  formerly 
Beotor  of  Qrimstonf  Norfolk. 

At  Grove-pL,e  Hammrr«mttbt  EKtha  Naylor, 
teq.,  ftoUcitor,  late  Aast^Unt-Ilecord  Keeper  of  tbe 
Inland  Revenue  Record  Office,  Spring^gardens. 

tn  Upper  Baker^st^  Regent's-park,  aged  75, 
Maj.  Hawkea,  fbrmerly  of  tbe  3Ut  Lt.  Dragoons* 

8tpt,  16.  In  Char1otte-aq.,  Edinburgh,  the 
Lady  Jane,  wife  of  Major-Gen.  Edward  Walker, 
CB..  CominaTi^'=-  '   -  ^":h  Britain. 

At  Spring-1  Ijiktbly.  s^umcx,  after 

a  few  houTA*  u   .  fl,  Gen.  Ooorge  Ucca 

Kemp*  of  H.M.i  Indiau  Army,  Col.  of  the  lind 
Begt.  Bombay  Native  I^faiLtrjr. 

At  Bi'^tioii'ii  Itehinirton,  tumr  Southftm,  aged 
U,  CiiroUiie  Oekn,  wtfis  of  the  Ber.  WUllam 
rishrr.  MA. 

At  bi«  remldence,  Thai  low>pL,  Lower  Norwortd, 
aged  05.  Thorn iM  Tanner.  e«q.^  for  upwards  of 
St  ywnrn  In  U..M.V  (*u»tim]S. 

At  Winchester  Towrr,  Windior  Castle^  nged 

14 


54,  John  Roberta,  e«q«,  latt  ta  oontnand  of  Elie 
toy  frigate  on  Virginia  Water. 

Sept.  17.  Huddenly,  Sir  Wm.  White,  ot  Oamll- 
lodge,  KUkmey,  and  Ghmeestrrid,,  PottfeMA- 
sq.,  London. 

At    his   reaidenee,    Cajmllis^hoTiae,  Southjiea,  • 
Major^Gen,  Mercer,  late   Col. •Commandant  of  i 
the  Woolwich  Divbrioa  of  ftoyal  Marinnu    The 
deceased  entered   H.V.'s  i^crvice  bk  IMS^  aod 
nasiated  at  the  destruction  of  the  French  •qnodron 
In  the  Basque  Ro«da.     In  ISIO  he  repeatedly  I 
binded  on  tbe  north  coaiit  of  HpaiOf  eo-operatlnjg'  4 
with  the  patriot  a.     In    181  J.  while   on  bos 
H.M.S.  **  Javn,"  he  was  engagr-d  with  aitd  eap-^ 
tared  by  the  United  States*  frigate  **  rontiltu* 
tioD."    In  reeofultion  of  hia  serrlece  be  bad  re-  I 
eeived  the  war  medal  with  one  elasp.    Ri^  eoro- 
misjdons  bore  date  as  follows :— I.ient.,  ijctuber,  I 
1S05  ;  eapt.,  Jul^,  1826 ;  major,  November,  IMl ;  ' 
Hcnt-eol.,  November,  tUiD;  oot,  May,  1S51 ;  and 
major-gen.  ia  lB5fl. 

At  tbe  Vicarage,  Cbepetow,  Sarah  Atkins,  wifb 
of  the  RfV.  8.  F.  Morgmn,  and  eldest  daa.  of  tbe  | 
late  George  Milward,  esq.,  of  Lcchlade  Manor, 
Gloucestershire. 

At  her  rofiidrnee,  North -parade,  Bath,  aged  S9,  1 
SoAnnnah,  widow  of  Simon  Rawlirg,  eaq..  Staff- 
Surgeon  H.M.'s  l(Hh  Light  Dragoons. 

.^•pf.  18.  At  Brompton,  Marii^  widow  of  U<liC*  | 
CoL  Henry  Roes  Oore,  CB. 

At  North -end-house^  Twickenham,  aged   16, 
Emily   Sdmpkin,   yoongeat  dau.  of  Henry   G.  j 
Bohn,  esq. 

At  Baoghton -hall-bill,  Croome,  Woneelfiiiilt^ 
after  n  short  iHoesp,  John  WeUs  Fletcher,  «ffi|. 

At  CoiintesB  Wells'  hoaM,  Aherdeenihire^  aged  < 
74,  John  Gordon,  esq.,  of  Caimhnlg. 

At  Perth,  Ohaa.  Alfred  PhllUpa,  e«q.,  Chusieml 
Tutor  of  Tiinity  College,  Glenalmond. 

At  her  residence,  High-st-,  Camden  -  town, 
aged  73,  Joscfihine,  relict  of  Capt>  Wm.  Picker- 
ing, formerly  56th  Regt.  of  Foot. 

At  Raby-pl.,  Rath,  aged  B6v  EUza,  dau.  of  th« 
late  II ev.  GeorgC!  Davieit,  Incumbent  of  Flint. 

Srpf,  19.  At  Tw»ckeahani,  aged  3n,  Sir  Samuel 
Homo  Stirling,  bart. 

At  his  residence,  Grove-end-road,  St.  Jolui*»- 
wood.  Col.  William  White  Moore,  Late  of  tbe 
H.E,t.C.'«  Bengal  EstabUshntenU 

At  rinner,  Mlddleees,  aged  tl,  Wm  EUntaUl 
Ann  Collett. 

At  Beeohwood,  Timbridge  Wells,  alter  ft  long' 
tUneM^  Clara,  wife  of  James  Scott  Smith,  eaq« 

At  tho  Bridge  of  AllJ»n,  Agnes  9.dter,  wife  of 
Major-Gen.  Fonlerton,  late  of  the  Bombay  Army, 

Sfpt.  20.  At  Choricywood-house,  near  Riok- 
moAftWorth^  a^od  6d,  Ueat.-^ol.  Henry  Oaonopk 
late  55  lb  liegt. 

At  hit  residence^  OroaretLor-pl.,  Bath,  t^iedTS,  > 
Mil  jar  Henry  Marsh. 

SrpL2l.    Aged  >r>,   v    r  '  ,,,  <,f  ' 

tbe  late  James  Wil  i  tie. 

At Cambridge-f or  ,  li;,    _  ,  .  ,  ,     !ilp»t 

eorviving  dau,  of  the  tate  Lieot  -Cni.  eMa^iielan, 
of  Thorpe  Lee,  Martey. 

S^T^f,  22.  At  tklrtllngton-purk,  Oaon»  tfrd  fK 
Sir  George  Dashwood,  bart. 


ISGL] 


439 


TABLE  OF  MOItTAIilTr  AND  BIRTHS  IN  THE  DISTHICTS  OF  LONDON. 

(i>oifi  ike  Beturm  Utued  h^  the  E^^igtroT'  QeHeraL) 

DEATHS  REGISTERED. 


OUrKlintTSTrDEWT 

Area 

in 
Strttute 
Acrei 

Popula- 
tion 
in 
1861. 

Deatlw  in  District^  .kc,  in  the  Wijek 
ending  Saturday, 

J                  PlBTRlCrB, 

> 

Aug, 
24. 
1801. 

Aug. 
31, 
1861. 

Sept.  ;  Sept. 

7.    t    1'*.    1 
186L  ,  186L  , 

Sept. 
2i. 

1861. 

Mean  Terajwrattire 

61-2 

625 

62-4       57-2 

o 

fi44 

London  .    .     ,    .     . 

7802St 

10786 

13533 

lil38 

6230 

45512 

2803021 

4f53373 
618201 
378058 
571129 
773160 

1159 

1127 

1121    ;   1110 

1126 

1-6.  VVeat  Districts    . 

7^1.  North  Districta  , 

12*19.  Ceiitrid  Di^tricU 

20-25.  East  Dialriclg     . 

26<36.  South  DLstricta  , 

201 
237 
141 
238 
'     34ii 

165 
263 
11^ 
23rt 
331 

172  1*5 
216  £25 
146  154 
232  237 
355       349 

176 
255 
143 
2V7 
305 

DoiLtlm  Itcgi^tered 

' 

Birtlis  B4?gistew>d. 

Week  ending 

^  u  Z  4 

•5? 

5  *- 

fi 

s  *: 

ii: 

t 

i 
■a 

i 

8ikttirdHj% 

3     i^^ 

^1 

§1 

SI 

=3      1 

H 

^ 

1 

Aug.      21    . 

702 

117 

150 

156 

34 

USB 

SW9 

841 

1753 

31     . 

630 

13H 

150 

171 

38 

1127 

874 

851 

1725 

Bijpt,       7    . 

6118 

141 

1S2 

146 

34 

1121 

871 

8*J7 

17a8 

»        14     . 

621 

149 

163 

110 

27 

1110 

916  ' 

879 

1795 

M         21     . 

658 

132 

153 

146 

87 

1126 

tM4 

B86 

1830 

PKICE  OF  CORN. 


Average  ^    ^Vlieot, 
of  Six     }    *.    d, 
WcekB,   i    51  11 
Week  ending)  54 
Sept.  14.      / 


Barley. 
t.  d, 
33     3 


Oata. 

Bye. 

#.    d. 

«.    d. 

24    9 

36    3 

Beatii.    I     Peaa, 
M,     d,  *.     d, 

43    4  36     6 


6     I     36    4     I    22  11      I     33    4     I    41  11      I     38  0 


PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  BMITUFIELD,  Ssrr.  19. 

Hay,  2L  lOt.  to  S^  5*.  —  Straw,  II,  8#.  to  1/.  14*.  —  aover,  3/.  10*.  to  6/.  0*. 

NEW  METROPOLITAN  CATTLK-MABKEr 

To  sink  tlie  Offal— per  stone  of  8lba. 


Beef ...4*.  4rf.  to4#,  lOrf. 

Mutton 4i.  8<i.taft*.    44, 

Veal.... 4f.  4rf.  to5#.    Orf. 

Pork 4r.  2d,  to  5*.    Od. 

humh 5#.  Oi.  to&«.    Srf, 


Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  Ssrr.  19. 

BeatU 710 

Sheep 7.7aO 

Caives 41S 

Bg».......... , 270 


COAL-MARKET,  Sept.  20. 
B«Bt  Wallaend,  per  ton,  18f.  6d,  to  VM,  M,    Other  sorts,  12r.  6^.  to  17<.  6</. 


460 


METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  by  II.  GOULD,  late  W.  CAUY,  181,  Stbaih). 
JVom  August  24  to  September  23,  inclusive. 


Thermom^-ter.  | 

ti 

J.r 

, 
?. 

1^1 

II 

11 

1 

Anff. 

O 

» 

O 

24 

m 

06 

56 

26 

58 

69 

m 

26 

en 

70 

62 

27 

62 

74 

60 

28 

m 

75 

ai 

2d 

m 

74 

60 

80 

63 

72 

69 

31 

63 

70 

59 

ax 

63 

76 

61 

62 

73 

62 

63 

70 

m 

57 

67 

61 

63 

73 

63 

6i 

70 

55 

67 

66 

53 

56 

67 

59 

U4rQm. 


30, 

30, 
30, 
30. 
30. 
29, 
30, 
30. 
SO. 
29. 
29, 
59. 
29. 
2tl, 
29 
30, 


Weather. 


ptM. 

OS  icloudy,  flbra. 


dcj. 

do.  fftlr 

fair,  cloudy, 

do.  do* 

do,  do, 

do,  d& 

do. 

do. 

do, 

m.  fp,  hy,  sbra. 

do.  do, 

r&ir,  cloudy 

clily,  hy.  riim 

fair 

do.eldy.hy.m. 


w  ^ 

The 

nuoin 

oa 

K-l 

c 

n 

II 

^ 

S^p, 

E? 

0 

» 

59 

68 

10 

59 

6i 

11 

54 

6+ 

13 

51 

67 

13 

54 

61 

U 

56 

64 

IB 

5i 

5« 

16 

56 

60 

17 

54 

54J 

18 

50 

63 

19 

55 

63 

20 

55 

65 

21 

54 

59 

22 

,55 

S7 

E3 

56 

6^ 

1^- 


Jin, 
29. 

29. 
29, 
36, 
19, 
1% 
29. 
29. 
30, 
30. 
30, 
29, 
29. 
29. 
^9. 


pta, 
88- 

87^ 

06; 
*J7 
67 
69 
87 
07 
11 
01^ 
77 

n 

50 
34 


Weitlicr- 


fair,  cloudy- 
do. 

do,  cloudy 
do,  do. 

Uvy,ram,cldy, 
►fHJr,cid^.»hrt, 
oloiuly,  ?ihn!, 
fr.  cly,  fllirs.  fr, 
do,  do.  rain 
%Ffg.  fair 
fair 
mill 

fiiin  raitt 
do,  do. 
fr,dy,  ist  obn. 


DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS. 

Sept. 

3  per 

Cent. 

ConaolB. 

ipcr 

Cent. 

Reduced. 

New 
8  per 
Ceut0. 

Bank 
Stock. 

Ex.  Bills. 
£1,000. 

India 
Stock. 

India 
Bondfl. 
£1,000. 

India 
5  per  cents. 

24 

91i  2k 
9H  2} 
92^     } 
92t     } 
92^     1 
92t  3 
92}     I 
92}  3 
921  3i 
921  3 
92}  3^ 
93       i 
921  93 
9H     } 
93}     1 
93i     } 
931  4 
93J     I 
93k     } 
93}     } 
931     } 
93k     } 
9311     } 
93i     } 
93*     } 
93}     1 

92       i 
91}  2} 
92}     } 
92}     } 
92}     } 
92}     } 
92}     1 
92}  3 
91}     } 
91}     } 
91}     } 
91}     } 
91}     } 
91}     } 
91}    } 
91J     1 
92      } 
91}  2 

91}  2J 
91}  2} 
92}     } 
92}     } 
92}     } 
92}     } 
92}     } 
92}  3i 
91}     } 
91}     } 
91}     } 
91i     } 
91}     k 
91}    1 
91}  2 
91}     } 
91}  2} 
91i  2 
91}  2 
91}     } 
91}     } 
91}     } 
91ll     } 
91}     I 
911     } 
91}     } 

233} 
235 
233}  5 

8  dU.  4  pm. 
3  dis.  4  pm. 

6  dig. 
2  diB.  6  pm. 

102}  3 
1021  3} 
103}     f 
103}     } 
103}     i 
103}  4 
103}  4 
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lot 

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26 

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235 

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80 
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fl  2 

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la 

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9Si 

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9  pm. 

ALFUED  WHITMORE, 

Stock  and  Share  Broker, 

19,  Change  Alley,  London,  E.C. 

PBIWTBD  BT  MBMBS.  JOIST  IKKBT  AXO  iAMBS  PABXBB. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S    MAGAZINE 


AKD 


HISTORICAL    REYIEW. 

NOVEMBER,  186L 


CONTENTS. 

FAGS 

If  IirOK  CORTlESPO!CDENCE.~T0(yi.— Turlupint Church  of  St»  Bartholomew  the  Great, 

Luuiion „,..,,„.,,,,... ,, 462 

Mosaics........ ...,,..,,..... , 46a 

Bccent  AdditionB  to  the  ColJection  of  Sculpttircft  at  the  Bntbli  Muiieum 477 

Tbd  DecJplicrment  of  Couciforra  Inscriptions   ...., ,,*,....,...  4ttl 

Ardiii-ological  Itesearches  in  Franco , , 488 

Not«  on  a  ChmtUn  Qmve  of  the  Middle  A^gs,  fooud  at  Etaples^  in  1861   .489 

Kertomtion  or  St.  Patrick's  Cuthednd,  Dyblin ,,..,  49A 

Bomui  Cemetery  in  Normandy , 4^4 

Celtic  and  Suxou  Grave  HUU  * 495 

AtuericA,  before  Columbus.. ...., ,,...  498 

ORIQIN'^L  DOCUMENTS. -wm«  and  InvMiloiies,  Cork,  t«mp,  £UxAl»th  and  James  I., 
601 ;  A  Llncoln«liir?  Inventory,  a.o.  IWl .».....„ , ..,..., ,. 


ASTIQUARUN  AND  UTKRARY  INT ELUOEKCER.  — British  Archipological  Aiwci- 
titlon,  50«;  London  »«<!  MMf!tf'**»T  A rp bfi^loglcal  Societj,  51C;  Joint  Mce tin |r  of  the 
Bcrwlckghire  and  Taii'  '  '  '  '  *  Club^  at  Alnwick,  519;  Chc^U■r  Arehipo-. 
lo|!li(»l  Society*  5231 ;  )<  last  of  Irflund  Archtrolotrical  .Socicrt,  .^25  ; 
Societv  of  Antiqua^lc^,  1  yne,  527;  Norfolk  and  Norwich  Archiro- 
loKicol  Society,  533;  Wuiiina  tuuniic?^  Arcbifolo^cttl  AMOcUtion^  537;  Worcester 
ArchitcctOTftl  Society   ...» „. , 

CORRESPONDENCE  OF  BYLVANtJS  URBAN.— Ewly  Vmma  hj  Bluhoii  Shuttlcworth, 
542;  Heport«  of  Arcbtc>oIo^caI  Mcetlngfl— '*  Diforiettii,'*  Jec.,*544  ;  Ininiif^  Chronicle 
— ii»  Error*,  545  i  Mr.  Scott's  ••  Wo^tminnier  Abbey"— Slannlteft—Oriiftii  of  the  Name 
HtiBc,  548  i  Arau  at  Couffreabar;— Candltcb 

THE  NOTE-BOOK  OF  SYLVANUS  ITttBAN 

HISTORICAL  AND  MISCELLANEOUS  REVIEWS,— Walcott'i  Cbnreh  and  ConreotTial 
Arrangement,  5-19  ;  Vjcwt  of  the*  Gat4:>«  of  Norwich,  551 ;  Seott'a Gleaning  from  We«U 
minster  Abbey— O 'Byrne'*  Nar&l  Biographical  Dictionary— Tlie  Christian  KnowlMtg* 
Society^*  AlmaDuce— llowering  Tknta .„.». 

APPOINTMENTS,  P&EFEBMENT8,  AND  PROMOTIONS »....**« 

BIRTHS ...., 

MARRIAGES..,. , 

OBITITART.— The  Earl  of  Eglinton,  R.T.,  MS;  Lord  Ponwinby— The  Ten.  Arcbdcacon 
Rowan,  565;  WlLlLim  Lvoa  Mackenzie,  566;  Charlt^i  Edward  Long,  Esq.,  568;  OipL 
West,  R.N 

CLERGY  DECEASED *..« 

DEATHS  ARRANGED  IN  CHRONOLOGICAL  ORDER    ...... .„. 

Begintrnr-Gencmra  Return  of  Mortality  and  Birtlu  fn  the  Metropolian  Marketa,  579; 
Meteorological  Diary— DoUy  Price  of  Slocka .„„ „,„ 


505 


539 


580 


By  SYLVANTJ8  UEBAN,  Gent. 


MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


NonCB. — Sylyajxvb  Vkbjls  requesU  Ut  Friends  to  observe  thai  Reporter  Corre* 
spondence.  Books  for  Review,  announcements  of  Births,  Marriages,  and  Deaths,  ^c,, 
received  after  the  20th  instant,  cannot  be  attended  to  untU  the  following  Month. 


Syltanus  Ubbav  desires  to  be  fa- 
Tonred  with  an  intimation  of  tke  mode 
in  which  a  letter  can  be  forwarded  to 
The  Itikxbakt  Antiquabt. 

TOYS. 
Mb.  Ubbait, — In  reply  to  "  Jasper,"  I 
may  mention  that  there  is  snch  a  me- 
^eval  word  as  Toifsa,  which,  like  Tor- 
sellus,  means  '  a  fardel,' '  pack,'  or  '  trous- 
sean'  for  ontfit.  It  is  not,  therefore,  im- 
possible that  the  modem '  toys,'  which  oon- 
tuns  arma  scholastica,  may  be  the  eigh- 
teenth or  nineteenth  •  centnry  representa- 
tive of  the  holder  of  such  articles  at  a 
more  remote  period.  Toysa  is,  at  all 
events,  nearer  '  toys'  than  scriptorium.  In 
my  time,  in  Election  Chamber,  the  scho- 
Ltrs  were  divided  into  three  '  fardels.' 
I  am,  &C., 
Mackbnzib  E.  C.  Waloott. 

TURLUPmS. 

Mb.  Ubbav, — Can  any  of  your  learned 
readers  inform  me  when,  and  by  whom, 
the  nickname  of  "Turlupins"  was  given 
to  the  precursors  of  the  religions  Refor- 
mation in  France  ?  I  am  aware  that  the 
word  turlupin  in  the  French  language 
signifies '  buffoon.' 

There  has  been  a  great  ^versity  of 
opinion  about  the  origin  of  the  word  "  Lol- 
lard," the  term  applied  to  the  early  Re- 
formers in  Germany  and  England.  Some 
have  maintained  that  it  is  derived  from 
the  Latin  word  lolium,  'a  tare,'  imply- 
ing thereby  that  the  Lollards  were  like 
tares,  only  fit  to  be  burned;  whilst  others 
have  asserted  that  it  took  its  rise  from 


a  man's  name.  I,  however,  incline  to  the 
opinion  that  it  originated  in  the  German 
word  lallen,  or  lollen,  'to  prattle'  or 
'stammer.'  But  I  should  be  glad  of  in- 
formation on  tins  point  also. 

Of  course,  it  is  nothing  wonderful  to 
find  opprobrious  appellations  applied  to 
the  first  propagators  of  new  opinions. 
I  am,  &c. 

E.  J.  Thaokwxli, 
Barrister-at-law. 
14,  Queen's-road,  Regenfs-park, 
London,  Oct.  8, 186L 

CHURCH  OF  ST.  BARTHOLOMEW 

THE  GREAT,  LONDON. 
MB.UBBAy,  —  Nearly  all  the  writers 
who  have  described  the  church  of  St.  Bar- 
thobmew  the  Great,  West  Smithfield, 
speak  of  it  as  having  formerly  extended 
to  the  west  as  fiir  as  Smithfield,  as  having 
had  extennve  doisters,  north  and  south 
transepts,  and  so  forth.  Will  you,  or  any 
of  your  readers,  be  so  good  as  to  inform 
me  whether  there  exists  any  good  con- 
temporary authority  for  believing  the 
church  ever  to  have  been  finished  beyond 
what  we  now  see  it.  I  am  inclined  to 
think  that,  save  the  east  cknster,  the 
chapel  of  St.  Bartholomew,  and  perhaps 
the  south  transept,  we  now  see  as  much 
of  the  old  priory  buildings  as  ever  existed. 
I  am,  &c        W.  H. 


The  great  pressure  on  our  space  again 
obliges  us  to  defer  several  Reports,  Re- 
views and  Obituaries,  which  are  in  type. 


o 


$^ 


< 


m 


THE 


(i^ntUman's   JUlajgaziiu 


AlfD 


HISTORICAL    REVIEW. 


MOSAICS. 

{Concluded  fi^om  p.  a&O.) 

Twelfth  CEKTuaT, 

In  Sicily,  under  the  Nonuan  dynasty,  the  churchea  were  richly  orna- 
mented with  mosaica,  both  inside  and  outBtde ;  the  artists  appear  to  have 
been  of  the  Greek  school^  from  Byzantium.  The  church  of  Martonara,  at 
Palermo,  is  one  of  the  best  examples  of  this  kind  of  decoration  in  Sicily ; 
the  work  was  executed  between  1113  and  1139  (see  next  page). 

It  is  probable  that  workmen  from  Egypt  were  also  employed,  and  that 
the  inferior  kind  of  mosaic*  called  tessellated  pavement,  was  re-introduced 
into  Italy  through  this  channel.  The  extensive  use  of  tessellated  pave- 
ments by  the  ancient  Romans  is  too  well  known  to  need  mention  here, 
and  belongs  to  another  branch  of  the  subject  j  but  the  art  seems  to  have 
been  lost,  along  with  all  the  other  fine  arts,  during  the  dominion  of  the 
Barbarians,  and  took  refuge  at  Byzantium,  until  they  were  recalled  to  their 
native  country  in  the  more  peaceful  times  which  began  towards  the  end 
of  the  eleventh  century.  There  is,  however,  a  distinction  to  be  borne  in 
mind  between  the  tessellated  pavements  of  the  ancient  Romans  and  those 
of  later  times*  The  ancient  Romans  used  only  square  cubical  tessene, 
although  various  materials  were  employed  to  produce  different  colours  j 
and  their  tesserae  were  not  always  of  marble,  as  has  been  sometimes 
said.  In  the  later  mosaic  pavements  the  tesseree  are  not  always  square, 
but  are  cut  to  fit  the  places  they  are  intended  to  occupy,  and  therefore 
often  of  very  different  forms :  in  these  also  various  materials  were  used, 
such  as  coloured  glass  and  pottery,  when  these  were  more  convenient 
than  marble  or  stone ;  these  were,  boweverj  used  rather  for  waU  pictures 
than  for  the  pavements. 

In  the  church  on  the  island  of  Murano  in  Venice  the  floor  is  laid  with 
a  rude  tessellated  pavement  of  this  description,  which  is  in  a  bad  state  and 
very  uneven,  having  apparently  suffered  irom  inundations,  but  which  is 

Quit.  Uaq,  Vol,  CCXI.  8  x 


18610  MosaicB.  486 

interesting  from  having  an  inscription  executed  in  tbe  moBaic  itself,  in 
a  circle,  giving  the  date  of  114L 


Y-  /^   ^  ^ 


^1 


X 


>^ 


f^¥ 


toiicilpaaa  In  Uxm^  Id  tSi*  7»r^ra«nt  of  tUe  Cboicli  of  Uurano  at  ^mo\ct. 

About  the  middle  of  the  thirteenth  century  aome  Roman  mosaici^ts  were 
brought  over  to  England  by  Henry  IIL,  for  the  purpose  of  enriching  the 
shrine  of  Edward  the  Confessor  in  Westminster  Abbey,  and  some  of  their 
work  may  itill  be  seen  upon  it,  though  much  mutilated.  They  also  laid 
down  the  fine  tessellated  pavement  on  the  platform  for  the  high  altar  in 
t!ie  same  church,  which  is  in  good  preservation,  and  can  be  seen  when  the 
smoke  and  dirt  are  washed  off,  but  is  scarcely  visible  on  ordinal  y  occasions. 
They  also  laid  down  similar  pavemenls  on  the  altar  platform  at  Fountains 
Abbey,  and  in  the  small  church  of  St,  Margaret,  near  Ripon,  Yorkshire, 
It  is  very  possible  that  they  laid  down  other  pavements  in  England^  but 
these  are  all  that  we  are  acquainted  with. 

The  cathedral  of  Capua  has  a  mosaic  picture  in  the  apse,  evidently 
executed  by  Byzantine  artists  under  the  Norman  dynasty,  as  shewn  by  the 
character  of  the  work,  and  more  decidedly  by  the  inscription  under  it.  The 
subjects  are  the  uanal  ones  of  this  period,  the  Virgin  seated  on  a  throne 
with  the  Christ  as  a  little  man,  holding  a  staff  with  a  cross  at  the  top ;  over 
the  head  of  the  Virgin  a  half  figure  of  the  Father  in  a  circular  panels  and 
between  the  two  the  holy  Dove  desceo^hng  ;  on  either  side  of  the  Virgin  are 
St,  Peter  and  St.  Paul,  St.  Stephen  and  St.  Agatha,  and  in  the  spandrels  of 
the  arch  Isaiah  and  Jeremiah,  with  inscriptions  on  scrolls.     Beneath  the 


406  MoMoiet.  [Nor. 

pictore  it  this  inacriptiofi,  — oosdibit  sure  acxam  labimilfub  ss  oto 

BKATIT  M.  CESTA  ^  1X8  MOHEX  flTILEUM  BCDIT  FGO  BXOOmEX  *. 

Some  of  the  be«t  monies  of  the  twelfUi  century  are  those  in  the  cfawdi 
of  St.  Maria  m  TrasUTera,  or  that  part  of  Rome  which  is  heyond  the  Tiher, 
rehoilt  or  restored  bj  Pope  Innocent  IL  in  1130 — 1143.  On  die  exterior 
of  the  facade,  m  what  we  should  call  the  west  front,  but  whidi  at  Borne 
is  bj  no  means  alwajs  to  the  west,  is  a  representatioo  of  the  paraUe  of  the 
wise  and  foolish  rirgins.  In  the  centre  is  the  Blessed  Viigin  on  a  richly 
ornamented  seat,  with  the  infant  Christ  at  her  breast ;  on  either  side  are 
fire  female  figores,  richly  attired,  and  with  the  nimbus;  die  five  on  the 
right  hand  hare  each  a  crown  on  her  head  and  a  lamp  in  her  hand  with 
a  flame :  on  the  left  there  are  ignorant  copies  of  these,  part  of  some  repairs 
of  a  later  time ;  the  other  two  are  genuine,  these  have  no  crowns,  and 
no  lights  in  their  lamps. 

On  the  hemispherical  nuilt  of  the  apse,  or  tribone,  and  on  the  arch 
of  triumph  in  front  of  it,  are  other  mosaics:  that  on  the  yaolt  is  Tery 
remarkable  in  many  ways,  and  the  snljects  alone  woold  mariL  its  late 
date. 

In  the  centre  are  the  flgares  of  Christ  and  the  Virgin  Mother  seated  on 
the  same  throne,  the  Virgin  to  the  right ;  Christ  has  His  right  hand  on 
the  shoalder  of  His  mother,  and  in  His  left  holds  a  book  with  this  in* 
scription, — yna  electa  xea  et  pokam  dt  te  thbohvm  xevx.  The  Virgin 
holds  a  scroll  on  which  is  this  inscription, — leta  ejus  sub  capitb  xso  xt 
BBXTERA.  iLLius  AicPLEXABiTiTB  XE.  Three  saints  stand  to  the  right  of 
Mary,  and  four  to  the  left  of  Christ :  next  to  the  Virgin  is  Pope  Calixtus  I. 
with  his  name  inscribed ;  then  St.  Lawrence,  and  last  Pope  Innocent  II., 
with  the  model  of  the  church,  as  the  restorer.  Nearest  to  Christ  on  the 
left  is  St.  Peter,  then  Popes  Cornelius  and  Julius,  the  patrons  of  the 
previous  church,  and  Calepodius  the  priest,  who  probably  contributed  to 
the  rebuilding  of  the  church.  At  the  top  of  the  vault  is  a  half-rose,  on 
which  are  the  cross,  the  lamb,  and  the  hand  of  the  Father  holding  a  crown 
over  the  head  of  Christ.  Under  the  principal  picture  are  the  twelve  sheep, 
with  Jerusalem  and  Bethlehem  at  the  two  extremities,  and  the  Holy  Lamb 
in  the  centre  standing  on  a  hillock,  from  which  flow  the  four  rivers 
of  Paradise. 

Under  the  picture  is  an  inscription,  the  two  last  lines  of  which  are, — 

"  CUX  XOLBS  BUITUBA  VXTUS  lOXBT,  HIVO  OBIUVDUS 

InrocxKnus  havo  axirovAViT  papa  sbcvkdus." 
Round  the  arch  are — at  the  top,  the  Cross  with  A  and  o,  then  the  seven 

^  This  word  ii  lo  engraved ;  Ciampini  reads  it  'moBnia.' 

*  Ciampini,  following  Ughelli,  endeayoan  to  explain  away  tbb  inicription  in  a  very 
ingenioof  and  amnsing  manner,  and  eoi\jectnre8  that  there  may  have  been  persona  of 
the  lame  name  under  the  Lombards  in  the  ninth  centoiy ;  bat  it  will  not  do,  the  work 
>  svidentlj  of  the  twelfth. 


1861.] 


Motaia. 


4JSt 


golden  candlesticks  (Rev.  i.),  and  the  ombleraB  of  the  four  Evangetigta  ; 
below,  on  either  aidej  Jeremiah  and  Isaiah,  each  carrying  inscriptionB. 
Isaiah  has  from  cap.  nt., — ^soCB  yiboo  conoipit  xt  faju3T  fujux  ;  snd 
Jeremiah  from  cap.  iv,, — cheistits  dominus  captub  eot  m  peccatis  kos- 
THI8.  Beneath  the  feet  of  the  prophets  are  two  figures  holding  tapestrj 
strewed  with  flowers,  and  in  the  middle  of  each  a  vase  and  two  doves. 

The  figure  of  Christ  has  the  cruciform  nimbus,  with  jewels ;  the  Tirgin 
has  the  nimbus :  of  the  symbolical  figures,  two  have  the  nimbus,  the 
other  two  have  not;  the  prophets  and  eaints  have  none,  shewing  how 
entirely  capricious  the  use  of  the  nimbus  was,  and  that  there  is  no  rule 
for  it)  as  similar  figures,  in  many  other  mosaics,  have  the  nimbus. 

The  pattern  mosaics,  as  distinct  from  figures  or  pictures,  were  much 
used  at  this  period,  especially  in  Sicily.  At  Palermo  we  have  them  in 
the  CapeDa  Paktina,  1132^*1140;  in  a  room  of  the  royal  palace,  and 
on  the  tomb  of  King  Roger,  1154;  at  Monreale,  in  the  cathedra!  or 
Duomo  and  its  cloisters,  1150 — 1160,  and  in  the  church  of  St*  Simon; 
at  Salerno,  on  the  pulpit  or  ambo  in  the  eathedrali  1153 — ildl,  and  in 
the  church  of  St.  Matthew. 

Of  the  twelfth  century  we  should  also  mention  St.  Ciriaco,  at  Ancona, 
of  which  a  coloured  lithograph  is 
given  by  Mr.  Gaily  Knight,  as  exe- 
cuted in  1189;  and  a  large  portion 
of  the  very  remarkable  series  at 
St.  Mark*8.  Venice,  which  was  begun 
in  1071,  but  continued  through  a 
great  part  of  the  twelfth  century. 

The  Church  of  the  Nativity  at 
Bethlehem  is  the  only  one  of  the  time 
of  Constantine  which  has  been  pre- 
served to  us  in  Palestine,  and  the 
genuineness  of  this  has  been  much 
disputed  ;  it  is  said  by  Eutychius  to 
have  been  rebuilt  by  Justinian,  but 
he  wrote  four  centuries  after  that 
time,  and  has  merely  recorded  a  vague 
tradition;  whereas  Frocopius,  who 
wrote  at  the  time,  and  has  left  ua  a 
minute  account  of  the  buildings  of 
that  emperor,  does  not  mention  this  church  among  llicm,  which  he  would 
hardly  have  omitted,  had  it  really  been  one  of  the  works  of  Justinian. 
The  careful  investigations  of  the  Count  Melchior  de  Vogue,  in  his  ex- 
cellent work  on  the  '■  Churches  of  the  Holy  Land,'*  have  clearly  esta- 
blished that  the  style  of  the  existing  building  agrees  with  the  other  known 
works  of  Constantine,  and  not  with  thoe-e  of  Justinian,  and  that  the  plan 


3p<cHa<n  of  Vttatm  ktoMte  froca  SuMArk  s 


468  Mosaics.  [Not. 

-and  arrangements  of  the  existing  chnrch,  with  its  extensive  crypts,  agree 
with  the  descriptions  of  Ensebins  and  Jerome.  He  has,  however,  also 
demonstrated  that  the  mosaics  do  not  belong  to  the  original  construction, 
but  were  added  in  the  time  of  the  Emperor  Manuel,  in  the  twelfth 
century. 

These  mosaics  are  first  mentioned  by  the  Byzantine  historian  Phocas, 
who  visited  the  Holy  Land  in  1185.  He  says,  '*  The  church  of  Bethlehem 
is  a  very  long  edifice,  and  cruciform,  covered  with  a  timber  roof  of  incor- 
ruptible wood:  around  the  altar  the  roof  is  semicircular,  and  of  stone. 
It  is  also  the  liberal  hand  of  my  august  master  (the  Emperor  Manuel 
Commenus  Porphyrogenitus)  which  rebuilt  this  church,  and  adorned  it 
throughout  with  mosaics  on  a  gold  ground.  In  gratitude  for  this  service, 
the  Latin  pastor  of  the  city  caused  his  image  to  be  placed  in  dififerent 
parts  of  the  church,  and  even  in  the  sanctuary,  over  the  grotto"  (or  apse)  ^. 
Allowing  for  the  exaggeration  natural  to  the  Greek  race,  and  merely  sub- 
stituting repaired  or  restored  for  rebuilt,  this  account  is  correct,  and  the  exist- 
ing remains  of  the  mosaics,  though  much  mutilated,  shew  them  to  have  been 
very  fine,  and  of  this  period.  This  history  also  accounts  for  the  mixture  of 
the  Greek  or  Byzantine  with  the  Latin  or  Boman  character,  which  we  find 
in  this  work.  A  full  and  complete  description  of  these  mosaics,  with  the 
numerous  inscriptions  contained  in  them,  has  been  preserved  to  us  by 
Quaresirous  *,  and  is  translated  into  French  by  the  Count  de  Vogue,  who 
also  gives  some  very  beautiful  engravings  of  them  in  their  present  muti- 
lated state.  As  this  description  occupies  about  forty  pages  of  his  hand- 
some quarto  volume,  it  is  obviously  impossible  to  do  more  than  summa- 
rize it  here,  valuable  as  it  is. 

These  mosaics  covered  the  whole  of  the  walls  of  the  nave  as  well  as  the 
apee,  and  were  divided  mto  five  ranges,  commencing  immediately  above 
the  entablature  of  the  columns,  and  extending  to  the  roof. 

1 .  The  genealogy  of  Christ,  the  figures  in  busts  only. 

2.  A  series  of  pictures  representing  the  principal  Councils  of  the  Church, 
separated  by  foliage. 

3.  A  frieze  of  foliage  with  two  rows  of  heads,  under  the  windows. 

4.  A  series  of  angels,  placed  between  the  windows. 

5.  Another  frieze,  similar  to  the  former. 

At  the  west  end  was  the  tree  of  Jesse,  with  the  figure  of  Jesse  asleep 
at  the  foot,  and  the  prophets  m  the  branches,  with  the  Nativity  At 
the  top. 

In  the  crypt  was  a  fine  mosaic  picture  of  the  Nativity.  Our  limits 
forbid  our  entering  more  into  detail,  but  by  the  kindness  of  the  Count  de 
Yogu^  we  are  enabled  to  give  a  specimen  of  the  style  of  the  mosaic 
pattern  decoration. 

*  J.  Phocas,  c  xxvii.  ap.  Leo  AUatius,  pp.  89,  40.         •  Eluddatto  Terre  Saocts. 


186L] 


Maiaics, 


469 


la  thm  Ct^oveh  of  tba  Mattvltr  si  BvUitalMcn*  *.d.  HOB. 

The  pointed  arch  between  two  flemi circular  marks  the  period  of  tran- 
BitioD,  and  agrees  perfectly  with  the  date,  which  la  further  confirmed  by 
the  following  inscription  : — 

Sl||]*GTGAGi(ii6HTO:'AP0NeProMWX^F0CefFnMAHC5Pr.  '■-' 
iATMeniTiCBAGlAGIAGmA.  HAh€  [aA^'BAC^IAG^  nOF^YPOrGl 
llCAierLrACZMGPAC  *h€  lAAoVPHrOCKPOCOAV.,,- 

laaerlptios  In  a£o«ite  iA  tti«  CtMiKb  ctiht  NaUTity  •«  BethlAh^m^  tip-  U&t- 

It  will  be  seen  that  this  is  mutilated ;  and  it  has  been  most  faithfully 
copied  in  its  present  state  by  M*  de  Guiraud,  the  corapanion  of  the  Count. 
It  has  been  preserved  entire  by  Quaresimns,  and  may  be  thus  translated; 

**The  present  work  was  finished  by  the  hand  of  Ephrem»  painter  and 
mosaicist,  under  the  reign  of  the  Emperor  Manuel  Porphyrogenitus  Com- 
menus,  and  in  the  days  of  the  g:reat  king  of  Jerusalem,  the  Lord  Amaury, 
and  of  the  holy  bishop  of  Bethlehem,  my  lord  Raoul,  in  the  year  6677, 
Indiction  2." 

This  date  corresponds  to  the  year  1169  of  the  Christian  era-     The 
Emperor  Manuel  Commenus  reigned  from  1145  to  1180;   Amaury^  tb^ 
fifth  king  of  Jerusalem,  from  1163  to  1173;  and  Raoul.  the  fourth  Latin- 
bishop  of  Bethlehem,  from  1160  to  1 173.    Thus  all  parts  of  this  inscription^ 
are  consistent  with  each  other.     For  further  particulars  respecting  tHl»— 
very  interesting  church  and  its  mosaics,  we  must  refer  our  readers  to   tHe^r 
valuable  work  of  the  Count  Melchior  de  Yogu<5,   which   is  equally   di»- 
ting^shed  by  patient  original  research  during  many  months'  sojourn   i*» 
Palestine,  considerable  learning,  great  care,  and  a  degree  of  modesty 
which  is  very  unusual  in  French  writers. 


186L] 


Mosaics. 


471 


The  great  church  of  St.  Paul  outside  the  walls  of  Borne  wm  deatroyed 
by  fire  in  1823,  and  the  present  work  there  is  almost  entirely  modern 
imitation.  But  some  fragments  of  the  old  mosaics  were  preserved  in  the 
entrance  hall,  between  the  monastery  and  the  transept  of  the  church ;  these 
belong  to  the  time  of  Pope  Honorius  IIL,  a.d.  1216 — 1227,  They  con- 
sist chiefly  of  the  heads  of  St.  Peter,  St  John,  and  St.  James,  with  some 
fragments  of  the  background,  in  which  there  are  birds  mixed  with  foHage 
on  a  gold  ground.  The  vault  of  the  apse  and  the  arch  in  front  of  it 
have  been  restored^  and  the  mosaics  Imitated,  but  they  arc  modern  work. 

The  church  of  St*  Clement  at  Ilome  is  a  very  remarkable  one  in  every 
way.  and  contains  fome  fine  mosaics*  It  is  said  by  a  very  ancient  tradi- 
tion to  have  been  founded  on  the  site  of  the  house  of  8.  Clement  L*  pope 
and  martyr,  a*d.  91 — 100»  and  it  is  certain  that  there  was  a  church  here 
in  the  fifth  century,  but  it  was  several  times  rebuilt,  and  it  appears  to  have 
been  destroyed  during  the  civil  wars  of  the  tenth  and  eleventh  centuries, 
and  again  rebuilt  at  the  end  of  the  twelfth  or  beginning  of  the  thirteenth. 
The  level  of  the  ground  had  been  so  much  raised  by  the  number  of 
btiildiogs  destroyed  in  all  this  part  of  Rome,  that  the  old  church  was  com- 
pletely buried,  and  the  new  one  was  built  above  the  level  of  the  capitals 
of  the  columns  of  the  old  church.  This  was  distinctly  proved  by  the 
excavations  made  by  the  Irish  monks  now  established  there,  in  the  years 
1858  and  18d9,  when  the  whole  of  one  aisle  of  the  old  chtirch  was  dug 
oat,  and  the  fioor  of  it  was  found  at  about  fifteen  feet  below  the  level  of 
the  present  church  ;  the  old  columns  remaining  in  mUu^  with  their  bases^ 
and  some  retaining  their  capitals  also ;  others  had  lost  them:  the  whole 
were  antique  marble  columns,  and  had  evidently  been  used  again*  The 
columns  in  the  existing  church  are  also  antique,  but  these  were  so 
abundant  in  Rome  that  the  supply  was  almost  inexhaustible,  and  certainly 
was  not  exhausted  in  the  thirteenth  century.  On  the  outer  wall  of  the 
onginal  aisle  some  curious  early  frescoes  were  discovered.  At  a  still 
greater  depth,  as  much  as  ten  or  twelve  feet  below  the  level  of  the  original 
floor  of  the  aisle,  the  walls  of  a  Horn  an  house  of  an  early  period  were  also 
discovered,  built  of  large  squared  stones  almost  of  Etruscan  character, 
and  certainly  belonging  to  a  period  before  the  Christian  era. 

The  existing  church  is  richly  ornamented  with  mosaics  of  the  thirteenth 
century.  The  floor  is  covered  with  a  tessellated  or  mosaic  pavement  of 
the  pattern  which  is  very  common  in  Kome  in  the  thirteenth  and  four- 
teenth centuries,  and  which  is  known  as  "  Opus  Alexandrinum."  The 
choir  is  enclosed  with  a  low  marble  screeut  which  is  evidently  older  than 
the  present  church,  and  has  been  taken  to  pieces  and  re-arranged  on 
a  diflerent  plan  to  what  it  was  originally  made  for,  as  several  of  the  panels 
have  been  cut  in  half  and  replaced  in  a  diflferent  position,  the  patterns  not 

Ubwt.  Mao.  Vol..  OCX  I.  3  x  • 


ioSmcs. 


wr. 


fitting  the  present  arrangement.  The  screen  is  formed  of  slabs  of  white 
marble,  about  three  feet  high,  and  covered  with  patterns  in  low  relief:  it  is 
probably  work  of  the  seventh  or  eighth  century,  preserved  from  the  old 
church  and  used  again  in  ihe  new  one,  but  newly  arranged.  The  two  aoi- 
bones  and  the  great  paschal  candlestick  have  evidently  been  introduced  at 
the  latter  period,  as  they  do  not  form  part  of  the  old  arrangement,  and  are 
not  work  of  the  same  time  as  the  screen ;  they  are  also  richly  ornamented 
with  glass  mosaics  of  the  thirteenth  century,  the  work  i>f  artists  whoM 
names  are  well  known,  and  are  recorded  by  inscriptions  in  several  places. 
Tlie  ciborura  or  canopy  over  the  altar  is  also  a  very  elegant  Gothic  work 
of  the  thirteenth  century,  with  trefoiled  pointed  arches,  and  enriched  with 
glass  mosaics  of  the  same  description.  On  the  arch  and  vault  of  the 
apse,  or  tribune,  is  a  fine  mosaic  picture,  also  of  the  thirteenth  century^ 
and  the  work  of  Greek  artists  from  Byzantium,  as  is  evident  from  the 
inscriptions. 

At  the  crown  of  the  arch  is  a  half  rose  or  scallop-shell,  with  a  cross, 
the  Holy  Lamb,  and  the  hand  of  the  Father  holding  a  crown  over  the  head 
of  the  Saviour,  who  is  represented  on  the  cross  in  the  centre  of  the  picture. 
This  crucifixion  is  attended  by  St,  Mary  and  St.  John,  and  on  tfie  arms  of 
the  cross  are  twelve  white  doves,  symbolical  of  the  apostles*  The  foot  of 
the  cross  is  hidden  by  a  bush  rising  from  the  mound,  or  Calvary,  on  which 
it  is  placed,  from  which  flow  the  four  rivers  of  Paradise ;  two  slags  are  drink- 
ing from  these  rivers,  in  allusion  to  P^.  xli.  2,  **  As  the  hart  panteth  for  the 
water-brooks,"  &c.  From  the  bush  branches  spread  on  each  side  of  the 
cross  over  all  the  surface  of  the  vault,  in  the  elegant  flowing  lines  usual 
in  work  of  the  thirteenth  century,  0(i  the  upper  branches  are  hirds^  and 
on  the  lower  ones  genii  mounted  on  dolphins ;  beneath  the  branches  are 
groups  of  figures  representing  man,  woman,  and  child ;  then  on  the  sur- 
face of  the  earth,  shepherds  with  their  flocks,  water-birds,  and  a  dolphin, 
symbolical  of  the  birds,  beas^ts  and  fishes.  Among  these  fanciful  enrich- 
ments are  the  figures  of  the  four  great  Doctors  of  the  Church*  Bu  Jerome, 
8t.  Augustine,  St.  Gregory,  and  St,  Ambrose,  who  are  represented  as  seated 
and  writing,  with  their  oames  inscribed. 

On  a  zone  or  band  at  the  foot  of  this  picture  are  the  usual  twelve  sheep, 
with  the  Holy  Lamb  in  the  centre,  and  at  either  end  Jerusalem  and  Beth* 
lehem.  Between  this  zone  and  the  principal  picture,  is  this  inscription  re- 
lating to  the  relics  here  deposited  : — 

•|i  ECCLCSIAM  CHUtSXt  .  NOSTBt  StKrLABIinTS  TSTl. 

4i  Ds  BIO50  CRUcis  «  Jacodi  Dstra  .  Ionatij  qui  .  iK  BVtRA  acniPTi;  EXQiniA« 

CFNT  .  CORPOES  .  CbBISTI 

4i  QtTAK  TEXABXKTUM  .  6tT  CBUB  FAOIT  MTERSSttJJU, 

The  picture  is  surrounded  by  a  border  of  flowers  and  fruit,  and  on  the 
top  or  keystone  of  the  arch  is  the  monogram  of  Christ,  with  the  usual 
Greek  letters  A  and  Q.     On  the  face  of  the  arch  is  represented  a  bust 


^ 


4 


1861.] 


473 


of  Christ,  with  the  right  hand  in  t!ic  attitude  of  blessing,  and  the  left 
holding  the  Book.  Tlie  eymbols  of  the  four  Evangelists  are  arranged  on 
the  aides,  half  hid  in  clouds  :  the  lion  and  the  ox  each  hold  a  hook,  the 
angel  and  the  eagle  each  a  crown. 

Over  the  lion  of  St.  Mark  are  figures  of  St.  Paul,  with  his  name  in- 
scribed. Agios  PAULXra,  and  St.  Laurence,  inscribed  De  cruck  Laueenti 
Paulo  famtjlabb  oocKyTE.  Lower  down  is  the  Prophet  Isaiah,  with  his 
name  inscribed,  Is  at  as,  and  holding  a  book  open,  on  which  is  written 
VlBi  DoMurcM  8EDEKTEM  8UPEB  SOLIUM.  (Cap.  vi.)  The  correspond- 
ing group  is  St.  Peter  and  St.  Clement,  both  seated ;  St.  Peter  has  the  right 
hand  raised,  in  the  attitude  of  speaking,  his  left  holds  a  book,  with  the  in- 
scription Agios  Petrits;  St.  Clement  points  with  his  right  hand  to  the 
anchor  which  he  holds  in  his  left,  the  emblem  of  his  martyrdom,  which  is 
also  indicated  by  a  boat  and  two  dolphins  at  his  feet.  The  inscription  is, 
Respice  p.  mis.  sum  Clemens^  ame  tibi  CnniSTUM.  Lower  down 
in  the  picture  is  the  Prophet  Jeremiah,  standing,  hie  name  over  his  head, 
Jeremias,  holding  an  open  book,  in  which  is  inscribed,  Hoc  kst  0omi- 

KUa  NOSTER,  ET  8USTIMABIT  AJ.TU8. 

It  may  be  noticed  that  the  nimbus  of  Paul  is  cruciform  j  the  angel  and 
the  eagle  have  the  nimbus^  the  rest  have  not. 

The  church  of  St.  John  Lateran  is  said  to  have  been  founded  by  Con- 
gtanline,  but  was  entirely  rebuilt  by  Pope  Nicholas  IV.,  1288 — 3  294,  and 
a  great  part  of  it  again  destroyed  by  a  great  fire  in  1307,  The  apse,  how- 
ever»  was  preserved,  with  its  mosaics,  which  had  been  begun  at  the  expense 
of  Pope  Nicholas  by  Jacobus  de  Torrita  and  Jacobus  de  Camerino,  and 
finished  by  Gaddo  Gaddi  after  the  fire.  The  subjects  are  similar  to  those 
at  8t.  Clement.  The  figures  represented  are  the  Pope  Nicholas  IV., 
St,  Francis  of  Assissi,  St.  Peter,  St,  Paul,  St,  John  Baptist,  St,  Antony  of 
Padua,  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  and  St,  Andrew,  Under  the  feet  of  St. 
Peter  is  this  inscription,  Jacobus  Tobriti  pict.  oh.  op,  fecit.  Tiiia 
artist  was  a  brother  of  the  Order  of  St.  Francis,  and  executed  also  the 
mosaic  behind  the  altar  in  the  church  of  St.  John  at  Florence,  Below  the 
picture  is   this   inscription :    EiTEBiOBEM    et   akteriohem    ruisosas 

HUJUB  flAlfCTI  TEMPLI  A  FirifDAME^Tia  BEEDlFICABI  FECIT  ET  ORXARl 
OPB  IfOsYACO  NiCIIOLAUS  P.P.  IIII.  FILIU8  BEATI  FrANCISCI  SA- 
CBUIC  VULTUM  8ALVAT0BI8  INTEUBUM  BEPOKI  TN  LOCO  UBl  PRlMi» 
MIBACULOSE  APPABUIT  QUANDO  Ft^IT  I9TA  ECCLESIA  COITSECBATAS  A51T0 

DoMiKi  Mcc.  NONAQESIMO.  The  figure*  of  the  other  ajmstles  arc 
arranged  on  the  surface  of  the  arch,  and  at  their  feet  on  cither  side  are 
small  figures  of  the  two  mosaicists,  represented  as  kneeling  on  the  ground 
at  their  work,  with  the  implements  of  their  art,  and  their  names  inscribed. 
This  mosaic  was  repaired  in  the  seventeenth  centur)*,  as  appears  from 
tnother  inscription,  ALEXA:N'DEtt  VIL,  P.M.,  labaictem  abbtoam  bepa- 

tt  WIT,  OBNAVIT  ANJrO  H  DC  LXIII. 

Omit.  Mag  Voi^  CCXI  3  l 


474  Mosaics.  [Nov, 

In  the  church  of  St.  Maria  Mnjor  is  another  series  of  fine  mosaics,  of  the 
same  date  and  hy  the  same  artists  as  those  at  St.  Clement  and  St.  John 
Lateran,  hut  here  the  principal  suhjects  are  the  life  and  coronation  of  the 
Virgin ;  most  of  the  figures  are  the  same,  with  the  addition  of  the  Cardinal 
Jacohus  de  Colonna.  The  figure  of  Christ  is  of  colossal  dimensions,  those 
of  the  apostles  very  tall,  the  other  saints  about  half  the  size,  and  the  two 
artists  quite  small,  and  humbly  working  on  their  knees.  Each  of  the  figures 
has  the  name  inscribed,  and  in  the  root  of  a  tree'  is  the  date  1295.  All  the 
saints  have  the  nimbus. 

In  St.  Peter's,  or  the  Vatican,  is  a  celebrated  mosaic,  called  the  Navicella, 
or  the  little  ship,  originally  executed  by  Giotti  in  1 298,  and  his  design  ap- 
pears to  have  been  tolerably  well  preserved  in  the  copy  we  now  have.  The 
subject  is  the  storm  calmed  by  Christ,  and  in  it  are  represented  the  fiiry  of 
the  winds  and  waves,  and  of  the  evil  spirits  who  surround  the  vessel. 
Although  the  design  has  been  copied,  it  is  hardly  probable  that  any  portion 
of  the  original  work  exists  after  the  numerous  changes  the  picture  has  un- 
dergone, of  which  the  history  has  been  preserved  by  Baldinucci.  It  was 
originally  placed  in  the  atrium,  paradise,  or  small  cloister  at  the  entrance 
of  the  old  church.  Paul  V.  removed  it  to  a  wall  above  the  staircase,  in 
1617,  with  the  help  of  Marcello,  Provincial  of  Ceuto,  who  restored  it  in 
several  places.  But  as,  in  this  situation,  it  was  exposed  to  the  weather  and 
was  fast  becoming  deteriorated.  Urban  VIII.  removed  it  to  the  interior  of 
the  church,  over  the  principal  doorway,  in  1639.  It  was  restored  by  In- 
nocent X.  to  the  spot  where  it  had  previously  been  placed  by  Paul  V. 
Subsequently  Aleiander  VII.  removed  it  again  to  the  new  porch,  and 
had  it  entirely  restored  by  Orazio  Mamutti  Sabino  in  1670-76,  who  in  fact 
made  a  new  mosaic  picture  from  the  old  design.  A  drawing  of  it,  which 
was  made  before  it  was  removed,  is  preserved  in  the  church  of  the 
Capuchins.  It  is  a  more  faithful  representation  of  the  work  of  Giotti  than 
the  existing  mosaic. 

On  the  Mount  Cselius  at  Rome,  near  the  church  of  St.  Maria  in  Domi* 
nica,  over  the  door  of  a  house  which  was  formerly  an  establishment  of  the 
Order  of  the  Holy  Trinity  for  the  Eedemption  of  Captives,  is  a  circular 
medallion  of  mosaic  work  on  a  gold  ground,  protected  by  an  arch  of  white 
marble.  The  subject  is  the  Saviour  seated,  drawing  captives  to  Him  with 
each  hand  ;  one  of  the  captives  is  a  negro  in  chains,  the  other  a  white  man 
carrying  a  cross,  with  chains  at  his  feet.  The  inscription  is,  SiairuM  . 
oiiDiNis  .  SAKCT^  .  Trinitatib  .  £T  Captitabum  ;  and  on  the  marble  is 
engraved,  Maoistes  Jaoobus  cuk  fiqlio  suo  Coshato  fsoit  hoc 

DPI  3, 

On  a  tomb  in  the  church  of  St.  Maria  Major  is  a  mosaic  representing  the 
Blessed  Virgin  with  the  infant  Christ,  the  Bishop  of  Albi,  St.  Matthias,  and 
St.  Jerome.     These  inscriptions  are  engraved  on  the  marble: — Hic  de- 

POSITL'S  lUIT    QUONDAM   JDOHINUS  OUNSALVUB  XPIflOOPUB  ALBANKITSI^ 


186L] 


Mosaics. 


475 


Ai«rKO  DOitnn  m^  cc**.  ixxxiriiri,    (a.d»  1299.)  —  Hoo  opus  fecit 

JOHANSTES  MaOISTEB  CoSMB  CIVI8  BoMANUa/' 

Oa  a  tomb  in  the  church  of  Maria  supra  Minerva  is  a  mosaic,  with 
figlires  of  the  Virgin,  a  bishop,  and  St  Dominic,  with  the  inscriptions, — 

Hoo  B8T  8EPULCHBITM  DOHIKI  GULIELMI  DUBANTI  EPISCOPI  ItlMA- 
TEiraiS  ORB.  PBJED.  —  JORAJTISHS  111*1118  MAQISTBI  COBMATI  FECIT 
HOO  OPUS. 

Of  the  pattern  mosaics  before  mentioned  we  have  some  fine  examples 
remaining  in  tbe  church  of  St.  Nicolas  at  Fiaa«  1250^  the  pavement  of 
the  cathedral  at  Lucca,  and  at  IlavelUi,  in  the  cathedral,  1*266  j  the  church 
of  St.  Pantaleone,  and  its  pulpit  by  Nicollo  fiufilo,  1272,  and  tbe  tomb  of 
Lucca  di  Savelli ;  on  the  pulpit  in  the  Ara  Cseli  at  Rome,  1 266,  the  style 
of  which  is  exactly  like  those  in  St.  Clement  j  in  the  fa<;ade  of  the 
church  at  Ci\ita  Castellana,  and  of  the  cathedral  at  Orvieto,  said  to  be 
of  1290—1300,  but  appearing  later. 

FouBTEKNxn  Centuby.  On  the  porch  of  the  church  of  St.  Maria 
Major,  behind  the  modem  balcony,  an  ancient  mosaic  is  preserved,  repre- 
senting the  legend  of  virions  and  miracles  which  preceded  the  construction 
of  the  Liberian  Church.  This  mosaic  is  attributed  to  Oaddo  Oaddi^  who 
was  brought  to  Rome  in  1308. 

Tn  the  church  of  St.  Maria-in-Trastavere,  besides  the  mosaic  of  the  twelfth 
century  already  described,  is  a  series  of  sir  subjects  from  the  apocryphnl 
life  of  the  Virgin.  These  were  executed  by  Pietro  CavalUni,  between  1351 
and  1364. 

In  Borne  there  are  some  curious  examples  of  the  application  of  this  art 
to  ihe  purpose  of  tombs  made  Hat  in  the  pavement,  in  a  similar  manner  to 
those  made  of  tiles  in  France  and  England,  In  the  church  of  St.  Laurence 
is  a  mosaic  tomb  supposed  to  be  of  this  period,  representing  two  kuights 
on  horseback  with  shields,  lances,  and  flags,  and  the  horses'  trappings  all 
covered  with  armorial  bearings;  the  helmets  are  small,  plain,  and  fitting 
close  to  the  head,  and  one  of  them  has  the  nasal  piece;  these  figfiires  are 
placed  in  a  diamond-sliBped  panel  enclosed  in  a  square,  and  the  corners 
filled  up  with  dragons ;  the  borders  are  filled  with  the  quiiloche  ornament. 
Another  is,  or  was,  in  the  BasUica  Ltberianat  and  is  engraved  by  Ciam- 
piani;  it  also  represents  two  knights,  with  their  shields,  banners,  and 
armorial  bearings,  and  by  the  side  of  the  figures  is  this  inscription,  also  in 
mosaic, — ^Scoxcs  Papabone  Joh'o  Papaboke  fili  et  Felx  bax  besta. 
MDxn,  Under  their  feet  is  another  inscription, — Fabbicius  Guasta- 
FERHtja  Laue^  Papabone  ex  filia  NEPoa  best  cub. 

Pavements  of  this  period  of  the  rude  mosaic,  or  Opus  Alexandrinum,  are 
not  uncommon,  as  in  St.  Michael's  and  the  Baptistery  at  Florence. 

Sixteektu  Cekttbt.  In  the  crypt  of  the  church  of  St.  Croce  in  Jeru- 
salem are  some  mosaics  attributed  to  B.  Peruzzi,  in  1537. 

In  the  church  of  St.  Maria-scala-C^li,  at  the  three  fountains,  on  the  vault 


476  Mosaics.  [Nov. 

behind  the  altar  is  a  mosaic  executed  by  F.  Zacchio,  a  Florentine  artist, 
from  the  desi^  of  John  de  Vecchio.  The  subjects  are  the  Blessed  Virgin 
with  the  infant  Christ  in  the  attitude  of  blessing,  surrounded  by  clouds 
from  which  appear  the  heads  of  cherubim,  and  two  angels  holding  a  crown 
over  the  head  of  the  Virgin.  Beneath  are  Pope  Clement  VIII.,  St.  Anasta- 
sius,  St.  Bernard,  St.  Zeno,  St.  Vincent,  and  the  Cardinal  P.  Aldobrandini. 
On  a  stone  is  inscribed  the  date  1594. 

The  art  of  working  in  mosaic  still  continues  to  be  extensively  practised 
at  Rome,  and  some  of  the  modern  mosaic  pictures  are  very  fine,  whether 
in  imitation  of  old  mosaics  or  after  modern  designs.  The  workmen  appear 
to  be  as  skilful  as  ever,  and  the  mosaic  brooches,  so  well  known  to  our  fair 
readers,  are  executed  by  the  same  process  as  the  large  mosaic  pictures, 
though  on  a  very  minute  scale,  and  therefore  requiring  more  skill  and 
care  on  the  part  of  the  artists.  These  form  an  important  aiticle  of 
manufacture  and  export,  and  afford  one  of  the  few  modes  of  employing  the 
population  in  modern  Rome. 

An  attempt  has  recently  been  made  to  revive  this  art  in  England,  but  it 
has  been  almost  confined  to  glass  mosaic,  and  to  patterns  suitable  to  the 
Italian  or  the  Byzantine  styles,  as  in  the  church  at  Wilton,  near  Salisbury, 
where  the  pulpit  and  some  other  parts  are  ornamented  in  this  manner 
with  brilliant  effect.  But  it  is  remarkable  that  no  attempt  appears  to  have 
been  made,  either  in  ancient  or  modem  times,  to  introduce  mosaic  wall- 
pictures  ;  yet  these  are  the  richest  and  the  most  durable  kind  of  oraament 
that  has  ever  been  applied  to  the  decoration  of  churches,  and  any  one  who 
has  seen  the  mosaic  pictures  at  Rome,  and  especially  at  Ravenna,  must 
feel  a  wish  to  have  them  introduced  in  his  own  country.  What  other 
decoration  can  we  name  which  looks  as  well  at  the  end  of  a  thousand 
years  as  on  the  day  that  it  was  first  put  up,  and  only  increases  in  interest 
from  the  lapse  of  time  ?  Probably  the  difficulty  has  always  been  felt,  that 
it  is  only  by  importing  the  artist-workmen  from  Rome  that  the  work  can 
be  executed,  and  while  this  must  be  expensive,  the  patronage  they  would 
meet  with  is  very  uncertain.  The  encaustic  tile- pavements  of  the  middle 
ages  were  the  substitute  in  the  northern  countries  for  the  mosaic  pave- 
ments of  Italy,  and  of  late  years  an  imitation  of  the  effect  of  pattern- 
mosaics  on  the  walls  has  been  made  in  tiles  in  several  instances,  and  with 
considerable  effect.  The  reredos  of  the  altar  is  ornamented  in  this  manner 
in  Hursley  Church,  near  Winchester,  in  Hawarden  Church,  near  Chester, 
and  many  others.  In  St.  George's  Church,  Oxford,  coloured  tiles  are 
introduced  in  the  side  walls  in  patterns,  but  so  sparingly  that  the  effect 
is  feeble,  and  hardly  to  be  perceived  unless  attention  is  specially  called 
to  it.  Mr.  Butterfield  has  also  introduced  coloured  tiles  and  alabaster  and 
marble  in  patterns  on  the  walls  of  Balliol  College  Chapel,  Oxford,  and  in 
the  church  in  Margaret-street,  London ;  these  form  a  kind  of  mosaic,  but 
not  of  the  best  kind,  and  the  effect  is  not  generally  thought  pleasiug. 


186L] 


477 


2NT  ADDITIONS  TO  THE  COLLECTION  OF  SCULPTUUES 
AT  THE  BHITISH  MUSEUM. 

OuH  readers  will  Lave  learned  by  sotite  casual  armoun cements  in  the 
daily  and  weekly  papers,  that  whhin  the  last  month  or  two  tlieie  has 
arrived  in  England  a  conmderable  accest^ion  to  the  family  of  antique  staluea 
which  adorn  our  natioufil  Musi-um-  We  do  not  speak  here  so  much  of 
the  treasures  disinterred  at  llahcarna^sus  and  Ciiidus  by  Mr.  Newton,  Lite 
Dnr  Consul  at  Rome,  and  now  keeper  of  the  Department  of  CladsicaJ  Anti- 
:|uitie8,  because  it  is  announced  that  he  is  about  to  publish  a  full  accoutil  of 

'■fjis  explorations  and  their  retiidti*,  which  we  shall  have  another  opportunity 
of  discussing  as  soon  as  his  biK>k  on  the  subject  appears.  But  we  purpose 
here  to  say  something  in  detail  about  the  sculptures  which  have  lately  been 

r^ug  up  at  Cyrene,  on  the  northern  coast  of  Africa,  under  the  Buperintend* 
ence  of  Lieutenant  Smith  and  Lieutenant  Porcher,  and — ^we  feel  hound  in 
justice  to  add— originally  al  their  own  expence,  though  subsequently  aided 
by  a  grant  of  a  ship  from  the  Foreign  Office.     Such  public  spirit  and  enter- 

l^prise  has  been  already  mcl  by  the  Trustees  of  the  British  Museum,  who 
have  .ifc^isted  these  gentlemen  with  a  libeial  grant  of  money  and  supplies 
to  enable  them  to  complete  what  they  have  so  aaepiciously  commenced; 
nud  we  feel  that  they  ought  to  reap  the  fuller  reward  of  publicity,  and  to 
be  recognised  by  the  voice  of  the  nation  at  large  as  benefactors  to  the 
cause  of  art  education. 

We  are  sorry  to  say  that  at  present  these  exquisite  stntues  are  lodged 
in  a  misemble  shed,  a  sort  cf  lean-to  between  the  pillars  which  support  the 
architrave  of  the  great  front  of  the  Museum,  facing  Great  Hussell-street. 
This  miserable  lean-to   (for  it  is  nothing  better)  is  made  of  rough  deal 

iboards,  scarcely  wealher-tight,  and  painted  black,  and  is  already  stuffed 
nearly  lo  repletion.  What  will  be  the  ca«e  w*hen  the  remainder  of  the 
Cyrcnaic  statues  arrive,  as  they  arc  expected  shortly  to  arrive  by  H.^LS. 
**  Melpomene  V*  i«  a  mystery  which  passes  our  poor  comprehension,  and 
we  think  will  puzzle  even  those  who  are  more  accustomed  than  ourselves 
to  the  geography  of  the  back-yards  which  generally  are  to  be  found  behind 
artists'  studios,  and  which  almost  always  exhibit  an  air  of  confusion  and 

^disorder  from   which  it  is  pleasant  to  escape.     It  is  a  poor  consolation, 
er  traversing  the  length  of  the  shed  upon  our  right,  to  be  told  in  answer 
to  our  anxious  inquiries,  that  if  we  wUl  turn  into  the  lean-to  on  our  left 


*  WhWtt  thme  pa|^e«  are  passing'  through  the  press,  we  learn  that  Bixty^Bve  ciues 
of  ftentpttires  and  inMLTiptions  froii]  Cyreiie  haw  bveii  stilely  ItHMietl  at  Btalta,  and 
will  ftiiurtljf  rciick  tlitf  liriiiAU  Hu^*u»i,  being  brought  Louju  uj  U.M.d.  **  Supply.** 


478  Recent  Additions  to  the  Collection  of  Sculptures       [Nov. 

we  shall  find  the  art  treasures  from  ancient  Halicarnassus  in  about  the 
same  state  of  admired  coufusion ;  and  considering  that  the  gorilla,  whose 
genuineness  has  been  questioned  by  Dr.  Gray,  and  the  certificate  of  whose 
birth  and  parentage  is  still  so  seriously  impugned  by  incredulous  sceptics, 
has  been  accommodated  with  a  prominent  position  in  the  Department  of 
Natural  History,  it  is  not  creditable  to  find  Demeter,  and  the  nymph 
Cyrene,  and  Mausolus,  and  Apollo  Citharsedus,  and  the  youthful  Bacchus, 
and  even  Jupiter  Ammon  himself,  compelled  to  stand  outside,  like  Irish  or 
Italian  beggars,  on  the  steps  of  the  great  portico,  and  to  plead  for  ad- 
mission in  vain.  Surely  it  is  not  right  or  fair  to  welcome  indoors  the 
stuffed  carcase  of  an  animal  of  an  inferior  race,  and  to  close  our  gates 
against  the  spirantia  signa^  the  breathing  living  statues  of  gods  and 
goddesses  of  more  than  mortal  mould.  But,  joking  apart,  the  Elgin 
marbles  have  a  gallery  exclusively  devoted  to  themselves;  the  Grseco- 
Homan  salon  holds  a  large  store  of  miscellaneous  treasures  from  all  parts 
of  southern  and  south-eastern  Europe ;  the  Phigaleian  statues,  recovered 
fifty  years  ago  from  the  wilds  of  Arcadia  by  the  sagacity  and  perseverance 
of  Mr.  Cockerell,  have  found  a  home  near  the  Egyptian  sculptures  and  the 
Assyrian  bulls  and  lions  of  Mr.  Layard ;  even  the  Lycian  statues  and 
sculptures,  brought  home  by  the  late  Sir  Charles  Fellows  some  fifteen 
or  twenty  years  since,  have  had  a  permanent  home  assigned  to  them, 
though  the  gallery  in  which  they  stand  is  far  more  cramped  and  crowded 
than  it  should  be :  but  no  accommodation,  as  yet,  has  been  provided  for 
either  our  Cyrenaic  or  our  Kalicarnassian  treasures.  This  is  not  as  it 
should  be,  nor  is  it  fair  either  to  the  nations  whom  we  have  robbed  of  their 
sculptures,  or  to  ourselves  as  a  nation,  whether  we  view  the  matter  simply 
in  relation  to  art  education,  or  as  the  case  of  a  people  who  have  a  position 
and  a  character  to  maintain  in  the  eyes  of  foreigners  for  appreciation  of 
ancient  art,  and  for  justice  to  those  who  have  devoted  their  energies  to 
the  work  of  exhuming  and  restoring  to  the  light  of  day  these  mute  but 
eloquent  memorials  of  the  school  of  Phidias  and  Praxiteles. 

Among  the  statues  and  other  remains  from  Cyrene,  a  writer  in  the 
"Athenaeum**  specifies  as  worthy  of  particular  notice  a  small  figure  of  the 
nymph  Cyrene  herself,  strugghng  with  a  lion.  This  figure,  however,  is 
certainly  of  a  late  date,  and  to  us  appears,  as  compared  with  many  of 
the  others,  to  be  rude  and  coarse  in  its  execution :  it  has  sufiered  only  the 
most  trifling  mutilation.  Not  far  from  it  we  notice  five  heads,  apparently 
portraits,  (so  perfect  and  distinct  is  the  individuality  of  each);  a  leg  of 
a  colossal  figure,  bold  and  decided  in  its  outline,  probably  from  an  acro- 
lithic  statue;  a  panther,  somewhat  smaller  than  life,  with  open  mouth, 
apparently  about  to  spring  upon  its  prey  —  a  most  spirited  and  life-like 
figure ;  a  Bacchus,  from  the  Temple  of  the  same  deity ;  a  small  figure  of 
Jupiter  Ammon ;  several  other  statuettes ;  and  last,  but  not  least,  a  colossal 
statue  of  Apollo  Cithanedus,  about  nine  feet  in  height.    The  latter  is  a  fine 


186L] 


in  the  Brilish  Museum. 


example  of  Greek  modelling;  but  his  riglit  ami  unforlunntely  is  grone,  as 
well  as  his  left  hand.  The  serpent  coiling  up  the  quiver  at  his  side  is 
admirably  carved  to  the  life.  Of  this  statue  our  cotemporary,  the  "  Athe- 
nseum,"  thus  speaks  in  a  recent  number : — 

"Tho  head  of  the  gwl,  which,  as  is  most  common  in  statues  of  the  period  in  which 
it  was  executed,  is  rather  small,  has  a  noble  and  dignlfitMl  expression;  the  hair  is  clus- 
t&red  and  knotted  behind,  crowned  with  laorel,  wbicb  last  is  cbaractensticnlly  eome' 
what  stalky,  that  ia,  the  leaved  are  smnll  in  proportion  to  the  size  or  the  stalk  sustain- 
ing them.  The  original  anrfaoe  of  the  whole  work  is  in  a  wonderful  state  of  preserva- 
iSxmp  being  very  clear  and  white  and  sharp.  The  one  hand  r€ating  on  the  lyre,  the 
other  hns  been  thrown  up  above  the  head»  a«  In  tho  stutue  of  the  ApollLnoi  the  figure 
U  naked  above  the  bipg,  where  the  drapery  is  gathered  in  free  folds,  to  fall  to  the 
feet,  which  are  sandalled,  the  sandals  bearing  a  great  ht.*art-iilmp^l  shield  or  stud 
holding  tho  thoug  between  the  toes.  These  extremities  are  rather  large,  and  there- 
fore a  little  out  of  proportion.  The  lyre  is  a  g-fiod  deal  hroken,  and,  m  might  be  ex* 
pected.  Imperfect ;  it  is  decornted  with  a  row  of  small  shiehls  along  the  frame,  such  its 
the  Amazous  are  usually  reprosenteil  as  holding  on  their  arms.  There  arc  holes  in  tho 
bow  for  metal  stnngs.    On  the  stump  by  the  side  of  the  statue  is  a  bow  and  qujverJ' 

The  real  truth  is,  that  the  British  public  are  not  yet  aware  of  the  fact 
that  lying  scattered  about  under  the  unsightly  sheds  to  the  riirht  and  left  of 
them  as  they  walk  up  the  steps  of  the  great  portico  at  the  British  Museum, 
there  are  ample  materials  for  the  construction  of  a  gallery  of  sculpture 
from  the  eastern  Mediterranean  alone.  Let  the  visitor  look  around  him, 
and  he  will  see  that  almost  every  portion  of  the  classical  coasts  of  the 
Archipelago  and  Asia  Minor  are  represented  to  a  greater  or  lesser  extent. 
From  Cnidofl,  thanks  to  Mr  Newton,  (exclusive  of  the  sculptures  from  the 
Mausoleum,)  we  have  a  colossal  lion,  of  the  finest  period  of  Greek  art,  four 
statues,  a  small  female  head  of  great  beauty,  betides  several  animals;  one 
statue  from  Cla^oraenie,  two  from  Halicamassus,  two  fn»m  Rhodes,  two 
torsoes  from  Cos,  and  two  from  Crete ;  while  Mitylene  contributes  a  torso, 
and  the  island  of  the  hundred  cities  sends  a  large  sarcophagus,  repre- 
senting scenes  from  the  life  of  Achilles, 

The  remarkable  collection  of  sculptures  and  inscriptions  from  the  temefios 
of  Demeter  at  Cnidos  includes  the  seated  figure  of  the  goddess  Demeter 
herself,  of  exquisite  style  and  finish,  and  the  intensely  interesting  statuette 
of  Proserpine,  who — whether  it  arose  from  a  delicate  and  sensitive  eu- 
phemism or  no,  we  do  not  here  dispute— is  not  often  found  among  the 
extant  types  of  Qreek  mythography. 

Not  far  off  are  the  archaic  seated  figures  taken  from  the  Sacred  Way  at 
Branchidse,  near  Miletus,  statues  which  it  is  almost  certain  that  llerudotus 
himseif  must  have  seen  with  his  own  eyes,  inasmuch  as  they  stood  there  al 
a  date  before  the  Persian  war  **. 


^  A  teeripticm  of  tbew  rtataes  will  be  found  in  Mr.  Newton's  Dospatcbes  to  tho 

Foreign  Office,  written  during  his  expedition,  and  published  by  commnnd  of  Her 
ALyeaty  in  1858.    *'  The  tmvuUer/*  (says  Mr.  Newtou,)  "  who  stands  on  tLi4j  site  of 


480  Recent  Additions,  ^c.  [Not. 

The  artistic  resources  of  Asia  Minor  and  the  Archipelago  arc  fur- 
ther illustrated  by  specimens  of  sculptures  from  other  partB  of  Greece, 
Asia  Minor,  and  the  Archipelago,  and  even  from  distant  Macedonia, 
contributed  to  the  Museum  at  various  times  by  such  "travelled  thanes''  as 
the  late  Colonel  Leake  and  Mr.  W.  R.  Hamilton,  to  say  nothing  of  more 
recent  explorers,  such  as  Mr.  Newton,  MM.  Saltzmann  and  Biliotti,  Capt. 
Spratt,  R.N.,  and  now  Lieutenants  Smith  and  Porcher. 

Such  being  the  case,  Stlvawus  Ubbajc,  ever  forward  in  his  zeal  to 
promote  the  cause  of  art,  would  respectfully  ask  whether  it  is  too  much  to 
hope  that  the  Trustees  of  the  British  Museum  will  do  their  best  to  supply 
the  nation  with  one  or  two  galleries  in  their  great  repository  for  the  ade- 
quate display  of  these  statues,  which  at  present  seem  **  bom  to  blush  un- 
seen," and  if  housed  at  all,  are  housed  in  a  building  which  is  neither  quite 
water-proof,  nor  quite  dust-proof;  and  dust,  in  such  a  climate  as  this,  we 
should  remind  our  readers,  is  a  more  fatal  foe  to  sculpture  than  most 
people  are  aware.  These  sorry  sheds  are  already  full  to  overflowing ;  and 
how  and  where  the  Superintendent  of  the  Department  of  Antiquities 
will  be  enabled  to  accommodate  such  further  "little  strangers,"  or  large 
strangers  either,  as  may  happen  to  reach  our  shores  from  time  to  time, 
is  a  thing  which  passes  our  comprehension. 

'*We  are  very  sorry,  but  really  we  have  no  money  in  our  corporate 
capacity  for  building  purposes,"  is  the  not  unnatural  reply  of  the  Trustees 
of  the  Museum.  "  Our  purse-strings  are  held  by  the  House  of  Commons, 
and  they  alone  can  supply  the  necessary  funds."  Very  true :  then  it  is 
clear  that  the  Trustees  must  apply  to  Parliament,  that  is,  in  other  words,  to 
Her  Majesty's  Government,  and  to  their  financial  organ,  the  Chancellor  of 
the  Exchequer,  for  an  adequate  vote  of  money  for  this  all-important  pur- 
pose— an  object  which  is,  as  we  have  shewn  above,  "due  debt"  to  our- 
selves, to  the  enterprising  travellers  whom  we  have  sent  out,  and  last,  not 
least,  to  the  good  people  of  Cyrenaica  and  Doris,  whose  loss  is  our  gain. 

the  Sacred  Way  at  BranchidsB,  and  aees  Samoa  at  the  distance  of  a  few  hoars'  sul  in 
the  offing,  can  hardly  fail  to  connect  this  historical  tradition  [respecting  the  Samian 
school  of  iculpture,  acil.']  with  the  statues  before  him,  which  were  probably  executed 
by  the  artists  mentioned  by  Herodotus,  and  which  he  himself,  as  a  native  of  Hullcar- 
nassus,  could  not  have  failed  to  have  seen." 


186L] 


481 


THE  EECIPITERMEKT  OF  CUNEIFORM  INSCKIPTIOJ^S. 

For  several  centuries  nearly  every  traveller  returning  from  the  far  East 
has  borne  witness  to  the  raarvellous  appearance  of  many  of  the  mountain 
escarpments  on  the  high  road  to  Persia.  High  up  from  the  surrounding 
plain,  inaccessible  alike  to  the  investigator  and  to  the  destroyer,  a  mass  of 
scratches  has  been  distinctly  visible  interwoven  with  the  rain  channels  of 
successive  storms.  Similar  marks  were  seen  on  the  ruins  of  old  Eastern 
cities,  but  whether  they  represented  signs,  syllables,  letters,  or  sounds,  and, 
if  either,  in  what  remote  or  recent  language  j  whether  they  were  historical 
records,  and,  if  so,  of  what  king  or  dynasty ;  or  whether  they  are  a^l  these 
partially  if  not  w^holly  commingled,  no  one  could  telL  All  but  the  bare 
fact  of  their  existence  was  alike  dark  and  incomprehensiblep^the  language, 
the  alphabet,  the  authors,  and  age,— and  each  returning  traveller  could 
give  but  an  idle»  baseless  supposition  regarding  the  origin  of  the  records,  if 
records  I  hey  were,  or  of  the  mode  by  which  the  mystenous  characters 
might  eventually  be  deciphered,  Chardin  thought  they  might  possibly 
be  read  perpendicularltf :  Tyschen  in  1798,  and  subsequently  Munter, 
supposed  them  to  be  legible,  hke  the  modern  Persian  and  other  Eastern 
languages,  from  right  (o  left :  Dr.  Jlagar  proclaimed  them  to  be  inona* 
grams :  Lichtenstein  thought  that  many  of  the  characters  had  no  meaning 
at  all,  and  that  the  essential  ones  might  be  read  from  right  to  left :  and 
Dr  Fryer,  who  noticed  these  arrow-headed  signs  among  the  ruins  of 
Persepoiis,  left  it  as  his  opinion  that   they  would   remain  unintelligible 

ke  the  handwriling  on  the  wall,  {Mcne  tekel,)  till  some  divine  expositor 
ihould  interpret  them. 

Subsequent  discoveries  have  proved  all  these  statements  to  be  fallacies ; 
but  they  shew  the  difficulty  that  investigators  hnve  had  to  contend  with, 
and  excuse  in  some  measure  the  doubt  with  which  the  result  of  later  and 
more  successful  study  has  been  in  some  quarters  received.  This  doubt 
has  been  further  strengthened  by  a  knowledge  of  the  difficulties  which  men 
of  the  most  powerful  intellect  experienced  in  deciphering  the  Egyptian 
hieroglyphics*  The  Rosctta  stone  bore  an  inscription  in  hieroglyphics, 
in  hieratic,  and  in  Greek  characters.  The  latter  language  was  of  course 
known,  and  with  the  aid  of  Plutarch's  Pantheon  and  Manetho*s  classifica- 
lion  of  the  dynasties,  the  investigators  had  some  hght,  though  faint,  to 
guide  them  in  their  arduous  undertaking. 

No  such  light  iHurained  the  first  steps  of  the  cuneiform  scholars.  The 
concrete  unintelligible  mass  had  to  be  resolved  to  its  primitive  elements  by 
the  fire  of  their  own  brains.  It  was  not  accomplished  by  simple  ingenuity, 
but  by  the  shrewdest  observation,  the  most  careful  analysis^  the  most 
diligent  comparison,  the  moat  brilliant  scholarship,  and  the  clearest  reason- 
ing, all  pressed  into  the  service  of  indomitable  perseverance ;  and  the  namei 

Qkitt.  MAa*  Vol.  CCXL  8  M 


482  The  Decipherment  of  Cuneiform  Inscriptions.         [Nov. 

of  Rawlinson,  Hincks,  Grotefend,  Lassen,  and  Bornouf  will  be  ever  asso- 
ciated with  the  most  remarkable  intellectual  triumphs  which  the  world  can 
boast  of.  The  communications  of  our  distinguished  countrymen,  Sir  H. 
Bawlinson  and  Dr.  Hincks,  on  this  subject,  are  scattered  miscellaneously 
over  the  pages  of  the  Royal  Asiatic  Society's  Journal,  and  that  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Academy,  for  the  last  fifteen  years.  They  are  so  full  of  matter 
essential  to  the  philologist,  so  crowded  with  the  unintelligible  Zend, 
Hebrew,  Arabic,  and  Cuneatic  signs,  as  to  make  the  several  papers 
scarcely  less  mysterious  than  the  cuneiform  itself,  and  the  reader  still 
remains  ignorant  of  the  means  by  which  this  marvellous  success  has  been 
attained.  We  will  endeavour  to  make  the  matter  somewhat  clearer,  for 
the  results  are  so  important  that  no  doubt  should  exist  as  to  the  general 
correctness  of  the  interpretation. 

So  far  back  as  the  year  1800,  Grotefend  made  the  first  onslaught  on 
this  seemingly  impregnable  mystery.  Niebuhr  had  copied  and  published 
some  cuneiform  inscriptions  from  Persepolis,  and  to  these  Grotefend  ap- 
plied himself;  and  in  1802  he  read  a  paper  thereon  before  the  Literary 
Society  of  Gottingen,  but  it  was  not  till  1815  that  a  complete  account  of 
bis  system  was  published.  He  noticed  that  the  arrow-headed  characters 
differed  from  all  other  modes  of  writing  by  the  absence  of  everything  like 
roundness  of  form,  and  by  their  angpilar  shape,  such  as  would  be  formed 
by  impressing  a  brick  in  various  ways  upon  a  soft  piece  of  clay ;  that  the 
characters  were  composed  of  arrow-heads  and  obtuse  angles;  that  the 
former  of  these  almost  invariably  pointed  downwards,  and  from  left  to 
right,  and  the  latter  had  their  openings  to  the  right ;  for  instance, — 


«n 

V. 

fn 

T<> 

T<r  ft 

r<> 

Kh 

8h 

a 

y(a) 

th      i 

y(a)= 

=Kinff, 

Hence  he  conjectured,  and  rightly,  that  the  inscriptions  should  be  read 
from  left  to  right.  He  noticed  likewise  that  the  arrangements  of  the 
arrow-heads  were  different  in  three  distinct  inscriptions  which  were  placed 
in  juxtaposition,  and  that  whilst  he  could  recognise  but  forty  separate 
combinations  in  the  first  inscription,  those  of  the  second  were  infinitely 
more  numerous,  and  in  no  case  resembled  the  first ;  whilst  the  combina- 
tions of  the  third  were  likewise  distinct  and  equally  characteristic.  He 
concluded,  therefore,  that  an  identical  record  was  g^ven  in  three  distinct 
languages,  even  as  an  edict  of  His  Majesty  of  Austria  may  be  published  in 
German,  Italian,  and  Hungarian,  and  consequently  that  the  first  would 
be  the  principal  inscription.  In  a  proceeding  so  difficult,  the  first  advance 
could  be  nothing  but  pure  conjecture  aided  by  probabilities.  Feeling  con- 
vinced that  there  must  be  some  sign  to  divide  the  words,  he  settled  that 
such  sign  must  recur  most  frequently,  and  always  singly,  and  he  fixed 
on  ^.    Supposing  this  to  be  correct,  the  characters  placed  between  two 


186L]         The  Decipherment  qf  Cuneiform  Inscriptions, 


488 


such  signs  composed  the  words.  Observing,  then,  that  soinetlmes  ten 
characters  occurred  in  one  word,  he  concluded  thrit  each  character  could 
not  be  a  syllable, — as  it  was  improbable  that  there  were  words  of  ten 
syllitbles, — and  must,  therefore,  represent  a  letter.  Thus  he  arrived  with 
something  like  certainty  at  the  conclusion  that  the  inscriptions  were  tri- 
literal  and  tri -lingual,  i\tf,,  composed  of  three  languages,  each  having  its 
distinct  alphabetical  characters^  It  was  natural,  then*  to  suppose  them  to 
be  the  records  of  kings^  and  then  arose  the  question,  What  dynasty  did 
they  belong  to  ?  After  much  research,  which  it  is  beyond  our  purpose  to 
recapitulate,  he  truly  conjectured  that  it  must  be  the  Acha3meman  dynasty 
of  Persian  kings.  They  alone,  by  their  conquest  of  Media  and  Babylonia, 
would  require  their  inscriptions  carved  in  three  languages.  In  this  case 
the  record  in  the  Persian  language  would  occupy  the  post  of  honour.  One 
point  was  thus  gained,  an  identification  of  the  Persian  cuneiform  as  die- 
t  tinguishcd  from  the  others ;  but  the  Persian  Achcemenian  language  had 
been  for  ages  unspoken  and  unknown,  fo  that  the  light  thus  struck  made 
the  darkness  of  the  enquiry  only  more  apparent*  Nothing  daunted,  how* 
ever,  he  re-examined  the  Persian  record,  and  noticing  certain  groups  of 
characters  several  times  repeated,  he  fixed  on  them,  guessing  that  they 
represented  kings'  names,  and  ran  through  the  whole  list  of  the  Achaeme- 
nian  kings  to  see  which  they  would  with  greatest  likelihood  answer  to. 
Previously,  however,  it  was  imperative  to  at^certain  the  original  Persian 
pronunciation  of  the  names,  so  aa  to  enable  him  to  give  the  tnie  phonetic 
power  to  each  letter  when  he  might  afterwards  meet  with  it.  By  various 
analogies  and  researches  in  Strabo  and  the  Zend  A  vesta  of  Anquetil  du 
Perron,  he  settled  the  original  name  of  Darius  at  Dariavush  or  Dariaves, 
of  Xerxes  at  Ksharsha,  of  llystaspes  at  Gushtasp,  of  Arsames  at  Arshama, 
of  Artaxerxes  at  Artakhshalra,  of  Cyrus  at  Khurush,  &c.  The  three 
groups  of  cuneiform  which  he  then  tested  were  (he  following"^:- — 

!f  tTt  £T  y<-  *T£  <fT  << 

1)      (i       r     y(a)      w        u      sli. 

«1T  <<  T<*  TTt  £T  <<  fn 

Kh    8E(a)    y       a       r       sh     u, 

^  Xi  M  fTT  !e 

G{u)  fib     t       ii       8      p 


1^ 


Several  of  ihe  before-mentioned  nitmes  he  was  enabled  at  once  to  discard 

on  account  of  their  being  either  too  long  or  too  short  to  match  the  cunei- 

form  characters.     He  found  on  examination  that  there  were  but  three 

Lldogs  of  this  dynasty  whose  names  being,  like  the  cuneiform  text»  composed 


*  The  letters  placed  under  cwh  cuneiform  cbamcter  give  the  improved  interpreta- 
tion  of  RawUoion  and  Lassen. 


484  The  Decipherment  of  Cuneiform  Inscriptions.         [Nov. 

of  nearly  the  same  number  of  letters,  had  also,  like  it,  their  first  and  last 
letters  all  different  ^.  This  conjecture  was  confirmed  by  the  fact  that  the 
first  letter  of  each  name  was  not  again  repeated  in  the  three  groups.  Thus 
he  found  the  equivalents  of  the  three  groups,  and  his  next  object  was  to 
identify  each,  and  give  to  each  character  its  phonetic  value.  On  examining 
the  old  Persian  pronunciation  of  these  three  names,  it  was  at  once  evident 
that  as  the  last  letter  of  Ksharsha  occurred  again  in  the  centre  of  the  same 
name,  that  group  of  characters  would  be  its  equivalent  which  had  the  same 
arrangement  (see  group  above),  and  this  reasoning  was  confirmed  by  the 
fact  that  the  same  character  ^  (a)  was  the  second  in  Doriavush,  and  the 
last  but  two  in  Gushtasp.  Again,  the  last  character  but  one  in  KsharshsL, 
77  should  be  repeated  as  the  second,  and  should  be  likewise  found  last  in 
Dariavu^^,  and  near  the  commencement  of  Gu«Atasp.  The  comparisons 
consequent  upon  this  discovery  identified  beyond  the  shadow  of  a  doubt 
the  three  names  of  Darius,  Xerxes,  and  Hystaspes,  and  to  these  Grotefend 
subsequently  added  that  of  Cyrus, 

Kh      u        r         a     sh. 

By  this  means  he  fixed  the  equivalents  of  twelve  out  of  the  forty  letters 
composing  the  alphabet  of  the  old  Persian  language,  in  whatever  position 
he  might  find  them,  and  confirmed  beyond  doubt  his  conjecture  that  the 
sign  ^  divided  each  word. 

Although  there  were  undoubtedly  minor  errors  in  this  first  reading,  and 
although  later  students  have  attained  more  authentic  interpretations  than 
M.  Grotefend,  the  merit  and  honour  is  his  of  having  made  the  first 
breach  in  this  intricate  study.  The  next  scholar  who  made  a  real  advance 
on  Grotefend's  discovery  was  Professor  Bask,  who  identified  the  two  cha- 
racters ^y^y  (m)  and  ^^  (n).  M.  Bumouf  and  Professor  Lassen  followed 
in  1836;  the  former  with  a  treatise  on  twenty  fihort  lines  of  cuneiform  at 
Hamadan,  containing  an  invocation  to  Hormuzd  and  a  few  proper  names, 
and  an  examination  of  the  Niebuhr  inscription  at  Persepolis ;  the  latter 
with  a  valuable  memoir  on  the  Persepolitan  inscriptions.  At  this  pre- 
liminary stage  of  the  enquiry,  when  the  language  was  unknown,  the 
proper  names  —  of  people  or  of  places  —  were  of  course  the  pregnable 
points,  because  if  a  portion  of  the  name  were  interpreted,  conjecture  sup- 
plied the  remainder,  which  an  analysis  of  other  names  subsequently  con- 
firmed. Meanwhile  Sir  H.  Rawlinson,  then  stationed  at  Kermanshah, 
unaided  by  Grotefend's  discovery,  applied  himself  to  the  tri-lingual  in- 
scriptions of  Hamadan ;  and  on  comparing  the  Persian  records,  found  that 


»►  There  was  at  first  some  diflicQlty  about  the  central  a  in  Dariavush,  but  Kawlin- 
son's  and  Lassen's  improved  readmg,  Darywuah,  thoroughly  removed  it. 


1861,]        The  Decipherment  of  Cuneiform  Inscriptions, 


485 


the  characters  coincided  throughout,  except  in  certain  particular  gronps ; 
and  it  wn»  only  rewsonahle  to  sujipose  that  the  groups,  Ihus  brought  out 
and  individuttlized,  represented  proper  names.  He  further  remarked  timt 
there  were  but  three  of  these  diRlincl  groups  in  each  of  the  two  inscrip- 
tions ;  for  I  he  group  which  occupied  the  second  place  in  one  inscription,  and 
which  from  iti?  position  suggcRted  the  idea  of  its  representing  the  name  of 
the  father  of  the  king  who  was  there  commemorated,  corresponded  with  the 
group  which  occupied  the  first  place  in  the  other  inscriplion,  and  thus  not 
only  served  determinately  to  connect  the  two  inscriptions  together*  but, 
^Miuming  the  groups  to  represent  proper  nameii,  appeared  also  to  indicate 
',  genealogical  succession.  The  process  of  identifying  tiie  component  letters 
of  each  name  was  then  naturally  very  similar  to  that  adopted  previously 
by  Grotefend.  These  independent  discoveries  differed  in  detail  only  suffi- 
ciently to  confirm  their  general  accuracy.  A  collation  of  the  first  two  para- 
gniphs  of  the  Bisutun  inscription  with  the  tablets  of  Elwcnd  i«upplied  Bir 
Hp  Uawlinson  with  the  Cuneatic  forms  of  Arsames,  Ariaramnes,  Teispet, 
Achtcmeties,  and  Persia,  in  addition  to  the  names  of  Hystaspes^  Darius, 
and  Xerxes,  and  thus,  as  he  informs  us  in  his  valuable  treatise  puhhshed  in 
1839,  enabled  him  to  assign  the  determinate  values  to  eighteen  characters. 
Therefore,  before  he  met  with  the  alphabets  of  Grotefend  and  St.  Martin, 
he  was  already  in  advance  of  their  system  of  interpretation.  In  the  very 
heart  of  Asia,  amidst  inconvenience,  danger,  and  difficulty,  far  away  from 
any  aid  which  fellow-labourers  in  the  same  field  might  have  afforded ^  the 
gallant  and  scientific  soldier  applied  himself,  in  solitude,  to  his  arduous  task, 
afterwards  to  find  that  M*  Burnouf  and  Professor  Lassen  bad  anticipated 
many  of  bis  discoveries,  and — what  waa  of  more  importance— ca»;?r/;ie£f 
them. 

Hitherto  the  labours  of  the  cuneiform  scholars  had  been  confined  almost 
exclusively  to  the  inscriptions  at  llamadan  and  Persepolis,  but  Sir  H. 
Rawlinson's  residence  at  Kerraaiishah  gave  him  an  opportunity,  which  he 
did  not  neglect,  of  examining  and  copying  the  famous  tri-lingual  record  on 
the  rock  of  Bisutun.  The  difficulties  attending  such  an  enterprise  will  be 
best  understood  by  a  brief  description  of  the  locality.  It  is  situated  on  the 
high  road  from  Babylon  to  Persia.  Quitting  the  city  of  Kermanahah,  the 
traveller  proceeds  due  east  for  eighteen  miles,  over  rich  plains  studded 
with  Koordish  tents,  until  he  reaches  a  naked  rock,  which  presents  an 
almost  perpendicular  face  to  the  plains  of  nearly  1,500  feet.  The  lower 
port  has  been  with  great  labour  smoothed  away  to  the  height  of  100  feet, 
and  1 50  feet  in  breadth.  A  rockj*  terrace  projects  from  the  base,  and  slopes 
gradually  to  the  ground  below,  where  large  masses  of  hewn  rock  he 
scattered  confusedly  about.  At  about  fifty  yards  from  the  base,  there  is 
a  spring  of  water.  It  is  now  pretty  generally  admitted  that  Bis^tiin  is  the 
Baghistan  of  the  Greeks,  the  mountain  near  which  SJeniiramis  encamped, 
and  made  a  garden  twelve  furlougs  in  width.  "She  cut  out,''  says  Diodonis 


1861.]         The  Deciphermeni  of  Cuneiform  Inscriptions. 


487 


Siculus,  quotings  the  accmint  of  Ctesiiis,  *'a  piece  of  the  lower  part  of  the 
rock,  and  en  used  her  image  to  be  carved  upon  it,  and  a  hundred  of  her 
guard,  who  were  laiiceteers,  standing  round  her,"  This  corresponds  with 
neither  of  the  sculptured  tablets  now  remaining,  and  must  either  refer  to 
Tauk-i-Bostan  (Arch  of  the  Garden),  on  the  same  mountain  range  nearer 
to  Kermanshahf  where  still  remain  the  Sassanian  eealptures  of  Kosroes,  or 
else,  as  Sir  H.  Rawlinson  suggests,  Kosrau  Purvis,  the  husband  of  the  fair 
Shireen»  destroyed  the  work  of  Serairanns  by  excavating  deeper  into  the 
rock  to  make  room  for  his  pahice.  Just  over  the  spring  of  water  above 
alluded  to  is  a  inulilated  Greek  inscription  of  Gotnrzes,  but  the  principal 
object  of  interest  at  Bisutun  is  high  up  U|)on  the  smoothed  rock*  and  it 
waa  necessary,  says  Sir  H*  Kawlinson,  in  order  to  reach  the  sculptures,  to 
scale  in  the  first  place  a  precipitous  mountain  to  the  height  of  about  500 
feet,  and  then  to  stand  upon  the  topmost  step  of  a  ladder  placed  almost 
perpendicularly  against  the  rock,  and  resting  on  a  foot-ledge  of  no  more 
than  eighteen  inches  in  width.  The  sculptures  now  remaining  consist  of 
about  1,000  lines  of  cuneiform  writing  and  thirteen  figures^  surmounted  by 
one  of  Ormazd,  lo  whom  the  roek  was  dedicated.  M.  Otter  mistook  this 
latter  for  an  armorial  bearing,  and  M»  Gardamme  for  a  cross,  Ker  Porter, 
correcting  the  former  traveller,  suggested  almost  as  absurdly  that  the  whole 
sculpture  was  a  record  of  the  conquest  of  Israel  by  Shalmana?sar,  King 
of  Assyria  and  Media ;  and  Keppel  fancied  that  it  represented  Esther  and 
her  train  in  supplication  before  the  King  of  Persia.  All  these  idle  supposi- 
tioDS  vanish  before  the  Hght  which  the  cuneiform  scholar  has  thrown  upon 
it.  They  record  the  ancestral  glories  of  Darius,  the  son  of  Hystaspes,  and 
hia  gratitude  to  Ormazd,  after  his  return  from  the  destruction  of  Babylon 
on  the  revolt  of  his  governor,  the  pretended  son  of  Kabunidus.  The  prin- 
cipal figure  18  of  cxjurse  Darius,  with  two  aimed  attendants  behijid  him. 
Under  his  foot  is  the  chief  of  the  rebels,  Go  mates,  who  strove  to  overthrow 
the  religion  of  Zoroaster-  The  other  rebels  stand  before  the  king,  and  over 
the  head  of  each  is  an  inscription  recording  his  name  and  crime.  The  style 
of  the  record  will  be  best  understood  by  a  short  quotation.    It  begins, — 

*'  I  am  D&rius,  the  great  kin|^,  x\w  king  of  kings,  the  king  of  PirsSft,  tbe  khig  of 
(tbe  dependi^t)  pronncca,  tho  ion  of  Hysta*i)c«,  tbe  gr.indson  of  Arsainea  the  Achse- 

iDealau Says  Darius  the  king^  Dy  the  gmco  of  UTmaid  1  am  (!  hava 

b«oom«)  king;  Ormiizd  has  granted  me  the  empire." 

Fpon  this  sacred  rock  of  Baghistan,  Darius,  says  Sir  H.  Rawlinson, 
addressed  himself  in  the  style  of  an  historian  to  collect  the  genealogical 
traditions  of  hia  race,  to  describe  I  he  extent  and  po%ver  of  his  kingdom, 
and  to  relate*  with  a  perspicuous  brevity  worthy  of  imitation,  the  leading 
incidents  of  his  reign.  We  are  hardly  prepared,  indeed*  in  the  narrative 
of  an  Eastern  despot,  to  meet  with  the  dignified  simpUcity,  the  truthful- 

Keas,  and  self-denial  which  characterise  this  curious  record.     His  grave 
elation  of  the  means   by  which  the  crown  of  Persia  first  fell  into  hia 


488  ArchtBological  Researches  in  France.  [Nov. 

hands,  and  of  the  manner  in  which  he  auhsequently  established  his  autho- 
rity, by  the  successive  overthrow  of  the  rebels  who  opposed  him,  contrasts 
most  strongly,  but  most  favourably,  with  the  usual  emptiness  of  Oriental 
hyperbole. 

(Thhe  eonHnued.) 


ARCHAEOLOGICAL  RESEARCHES  IN  FRANCE. 

The  Camp  op  Attila.— A  recent  letter  in  "The  Times,"  from  the  Camp  of 
Chalons,  says, — "  The  Emperor  when  here  inspected  the  famous  camp  of  Attila, 
which  is  in  the  vicinity.  It  is  really  a  curious  remnant  of  olden  time.  It  is  an 
immense  oval  of  more  than  three  kilometres  (nearly  two  miles)  in  circumference, 
and  its  ramparts  are  still  from  ten  to  fifteen  metres  high.  It  is  close  to  a  little 
river,  and  at  a  very  short  distance  from  the  Roman  road.  The  Emperor  has  pur- 
chased a  hectare  (2^  acres)  of  land  in  order  to  have  excavations  made,  and  if,  as 
is  hoped,  they  lead  to  the  discovery  of  curious  things,  it  is  probable  that  he  will 
buy  all  the  camp,  and  annex  it  to  the  Crown  domains,  thereby  preserving  it  from 
destruction.  It  is  certainly  one  of  the  most  interestmg  places  which  has  occupied 
the  attention  of  learned  men,  and  the  Emperor,  it  is  said,  has  positively  expressed 
the  opinion  that  it  was  in  the  camp  and  the  neighbouring  plains  that  the  great 
battle  of  Attila  was  fought.  Hitherto  the  theatre  of  the  battle  has  been  the  sub- 
ject of  controversy,  some  authorities  affirming  that  it  was  in  these  plains,  others 
that  it  was  near  M^ry,  in  the  Aube.  I  believe  that  the  Emperor  wUl  express  his 
opinion  on  the  matter  in  his  '  Life  of  Caesar.' " 

PoRTUs  Abucinus. — The  Archaeological  Commission,  accompanied  by  M.  Am^- 
d^e  Thierry,  Senator,  went  a  short  time  ago  to  visit  some  excavations  which  have 
been  made  by  a  gentleman  named  Galaire,  near  the  village  of  Fort-sur-Sa6ne, 
department  of  the  Haute-Sa6ne,  on  the  site  which  historians  are  of  opinion  was 
formerly  occupied  by  the  Gallo-Roman  town  of  Port,  {Partus  Abucinus).  At  only 
a  few  inches  below  the  surface  of  the  soil  are  the  ruins  of  a  vast  Gallo-Roman 
habitation.  Between  the  remains  of  the  walls,  which  are  now  about  three  feet  in 
height,  are  fragments  of  pavements  in  concrete,  mosaic,  marble,  and  brick,  all  for 
the  ground-floor  apartments.  Fragments  of  pottery  and  of  earthenware,  vases, 
tiles,  bricks  used  for  stoves,  frescoes,  and  household  utensils,  together  with  coins, 
articles  of  jewellery,  &c.,  have  been  brought  to  light  and  carefully  preserved. 
Other  excavations,  at  a  distance  of  between  200  and  300  yards,  have  led  to  the 
discovery  of  the  ruins  of  other  buildings. 

WissAMT.  —  Excavations  are  being  made  at  Wissant,  under  the  direction  of 
M.  Cousin,  the  President  of  the  Soci^t^  Dunkerquoise.  Already  the  foundations 
of  upwards  of  one  hundred  small  houses  have  been  brought  to  light ;  but  we  have 
not  yet  heard  more.  It  is  probable  they  are  Roman,  and  like  those  discovered  at 
Etaples  a  few  years  since.  The  sand  has  accumulated  from  fifteen  to  eighteen 
feet,  so  that  the  excavations  are  troublesome  and  expensive. 


18CL] 


480 


Jd 


NOTE  0]^  A  cheistia:?^  guate  of  the  meddle  ages, 

EOtTND  AT  ETAPLES,  IN  186L 

In  May  last,  M,  G.  Souquet,  Vice-consul  at  Etaples  (Pas- de- Calais), 
communicated  to  me  the  parKculars  of  the  discoveiy  of  a  tomb  in  the  old 
fosse  of  that  town,  which  to  him  appeared  to  belong  to  the  Merovingian 
era,  and  he  forwarded  to  me  a  photograph  of  certain  objects  found  therein, 
on  which  he  was  desirous  of  obtaining  my  opinion.  In  his  letter  M, 
Souquet  said,  **  A  workman,  di^'^ng  recently  in  the  ancient  fosse,  un- 
co\'ered  a  wall  of  great  length,  against  which  he  found  bones  and  divers 
objects  represented  in  the  photograph.  They  were  enveloped  in  a  bed  of 
black  earthy  apparently  the  result  of  the  decomposiliori  of  a  wooden  cotfin. 
This  supposition  is  strengthened  by  the  discovery  of  nails,  rings,  and  oiIilt 
ironwork  suitable  only  Co  funereal  purposes.  The  tomb  was  probably  that 
f  of  a  Franco- Me  roving!  an  warrior.'' 

The  objects  found,  and  represented  in  M.  Souquet's  photograph,  were 
thus  described  by  him  : — 

•*  1,  An  iron  sword,  double-edged, 
ith  a  pommel  of  copper ;  the  blade 
b  grooved,  and  is  3  feet  2  inches 
(88  c.)  in  length. 

*'  2.  An  iron  spur. 

"3.  An  iron  plate,  surmounted 
hy  an  iron  cylinder,  with  a  handle 
underneath.  We  call  it  a  chandelier. 

*'  4.  Four  iron  nails,  two  with 
round »  and  two  with  square  heads  % 
thus  somewhat  resembling  the  letter 
T.  [M.  S.  having  afterwards  sent 
me  two  of  the  nails,  I  found  them  to 
be  3  inches  (9  c.)  in  length.] 

"  5.  An  iron  object  resembling  the 
back-piece  of  a  saddle. 

"  6.  Two  stirrups,  with  three 
branches. 

**  7.  A  small  earthen  rase,  full  of 
ashes." 

Though  the  photograph  sent  to  me 
^H  (and  now  reproduced)  was  a  very 
^^good  one,  of  course  it  was  not  anfficient  for  a  scientific  judgment,  which 

I  •  It  ift  neeessary  to  my  that  tbey  are  flattened 

■  Gb»t,  Ulq.  Vol..  CCXL  3  n 


490  Note  on  a  Christian  Grave  of  the  Middle  Ages,       [Nov. 

can  only  be  based  on  a  view  of  the  objects  themselves,  together  with  a  per- 
fect knowledege  of  the  site  in  which  they  originally  lay,  and  on  this  last 
point  I  had  no  information.  Nevertheless,  my  desire  to  comply  with  the 
wishes  of  my  correspondent,  and  also  the  interest  that  I  felt  in  his  commu- 
nication, induced  me  to  make  the  following  reply,  although  I  was  conscious 
of  the  absence  of  many  of  the  elements  that  are  essential  to  a  sound 
judgment : — 

''Dieppe,  June  8,  1861. 

" I  am  much  interested  in  your  Etaples  grave,  but  still,  with 

nothing  more  than  the  photograph  that  you  have  sent,  it  is  impossible  for 
me  to  pronounce  any  decided  opinion.  The  grave  appears  to  me  to  re- 
semble most  a  Christian  interment  of  the  middle  ages,  notwithstanding 
that  it  possesses  also  several  of  the  characteristics  which  we  ascribe  to  the 
Prank  epoch,  for  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  Franks  were  Christians, 
especially  in  the  Garlovingian  era. 

'*  This  grave  cannot  be  carried  farther  back  than  the  Carlovingian  era 
(the  ninth  or  tenth  century),  or  it  may  descend  to  the  twelfth  or  thirteenth 
century.  The  real  date  must  be  determined  by  the  precise  nature  of  the 
objects  that  it  contained. 

"  The  sword  (1),  I  know,  is  not  often  found  in  graves  of  the  middle  ages, 
still  there  are  instances  of  its  deposit.  Your  sword  has  the  length  of 
a  Merovingian  blade,  but  that  is  all,  as  the  handle  is  widely  different. 
Thus  I  remain  in  uncertainty  as  to  its  date.     , 

**  The  spur  (2),  however,  is  of  Merovingian  date.  I  have  found  its 
parallel  at  Enverroeu  at  th^  feet  of  the  deceased,  as  I  have  fully  shewn 
in  my  '  Gaulish  Sepultures  ^  *  and  in  my  '  Tomb  of  Childeric  *.'  Other 
spurs,  with  fixed  points  and  without  mullets,  have  been  met  with  in  graves 
which  appear  to  be  some  contemporary  and  others  later  than  Childeric  and 
the  Merovingians.  Thus  in  1846,  in  the  cemetery  of  Selzen,  near  May- 
ence,  M.  Lindenschmif*  found  a  spur  at  the  foot  of  a  warrior ;  M.  Troyon% 
of  Lausanne,  mentions  another,  discovered  in  the  tombs  of  Chavannes-sur- 
le-Veyron,  which  belong  to  the  sixth  or  seventh  century  ;  such  spurs  were 
found  in  1844  at  Y6bleron  (Seine-Inferieure)  in  a  bucket  which  belongs 
to  the  middle  ages';  M.  Farenteau,  of  Nantes,  speaks  of  spurs  as  found 
in  the  trenches  of  Pouzauges  (Vendue)  which  have  all  the  characters  of  an 
era  near  to  our  own  ^ ;  and  M.  Comarmoud  \  in  his  '  Description   of  the 

^  Sepultures  Qaulaites,  RonuUnes,  IVanques  et  Normandes,  p.  177. 
«  Le  Tombeau  de  ChildSrio  /%  restitue  ^  Vaide  de  VarchSologie,  p.  161. 
^  Das  Germanische  Todtenlager  hei  Selxen,  p.  4;  SSpuU.  OauL,p.  177. 
•  CoUine  de  Sacrifices  de  Chavannes-sur-le-Veifron,  p.  11,  fig.  6;   Archaolojia, 
vol.  XXV.  p.  397,  pi.  xvii.  fig.  5 ;  Le  Tombeau  de  ChildMc,  p.  165. 
'  Le  Tombeau  de  Childeric,  p.  161. 
»  FouiUes  de  Pouzauges,  p.  16,  pi.  11.,  fig.  6. 
^  Description  des  Antiguit^s  et  Oljets  d^Ari  du  MmSe  de  Zyon,  torn.  ii.  pp.  431»  482. 


18G1.] 


found  at  Etaplea  in  1861. 


491 


Antiquities  in  the  Mtiseum  of  Lyons/  notices  spurs  both  in  iron  and  in 
bronze,  of  the  same  kind  as  oura.  Tlie  prick-spur  belongs  especially  to  the 
earlier  part  of  the  middle  ages,  but  we  are  not  sufficiently  acquainted  with 
this  epoch  to  affirm  that  it  may  not  be  found  in  the  twelfth  or  thirteenth 
century*  On  the  contrary,  the  Gentleman's  Ma o.iZUfB*  notices  a  prick- 
spar  which  was  recently  found  at  Little  Marlow  in  a  grave  attributed  to 
^Ihe  year  1300. 

'*  No*  3  may  perhaps  have  been  a  lamp,  but  too  little  is  left  of  it  to 
speak  with  certainty.  I  say  the  same  of  No.  6,  which  is  too  imperfect  for 
me  to  judge  what  it  was.  No.  6  may  have  been  stirrups  :  I  will  not  con- 
tradict it,  but  such  antiquities  are  completely  new  to  me  as  found  in  a 
grave.  No.  4  are  nails,  of  which  you  inform  me  that  some  have  square 
heads.  Square-headed  nails,  or  rather  screws,  are  found  in  wooden  coffins 
of  the  eleventh  and  twelfth  centuries.  I  have  mentioned  them  in  my 
*  Christian  Graves  of  Boutdlles  ^/  and  M.  Charma  in  those  of  the  Lazar- 
house  of  CAtillon  •,  but  tticy  are  far  from  being  as  long  as  yours.  Allow 
me  to  remark  that  there  is  a  deficiency  in  your  photograph,  in  not  giving 
the  measurement  of  the  various  objects,  except  the  sword,  and  that  1  am 
ignorant  of  the  proportions  of  the  rest. 

'*Thc  vase  (7)  I  am  particularly  desirous  to  see,  as  likely  to  tell  me 
more  than  all  the  rest.  The  form,  I  see,  is  somewhat  of  that  of  Christian 
▼ases  of  the  middle  ages.  You  say  that  it  contains  ashes :  does  it  not 
also  contain  charcoal  ?  is  it  pierced  with  holes  ?  is  it  glazed  either  inside 
or  out  ?  and,  what  position  did  it  occupy  with  respect  to  the  corpse  ?  I 
wish  very  much  to  see  the  vasej  your  sending  it  will  give  me  great  pli^a- 
sure,  and  I  tru<^t  that  it  will  aerve  me  as  a  guide  to  the  explanations  of 
your  curious  tomb.** 


With  a  promptitude  for  which  I  beg  to  thank  him,  M*  Souquet  for- 
warded the  vase  to  me  at  Dieppe,  when  I  found  it  filled  with  charcoal  that 
had  been  burnt,  —  a  point  of  more  consequence  than  might  at  first  be 
supposed. 

Tlie  inspection  of  the  vase  removed  all  my  doubts.  The  grey  earth  of 
which  it  is  composed,  its  awkward  shape,  and  the  form  of  the  pichet,  in- 
dicated clearly  the  middle  age  of  the  Christian  era.  It  could  not  he 
earlier  than  tlie  thirteenth  century,  and  perhaps  belonged  to  the  fourteenth. 
By  its  want  of  glaze,  it  belonged  to  the  class  of  pickets  which  I  have  found 

<  Gwrr.  Mao.,  I>eccml»er,  1860,  p.  617. 

*  SSpmiL  Oavl.,  pp.  34,  8S ;  N(*i€  mr  An  8SpmliMTt»  Ang.^Norm.  irouvhf  d  Bou^ 
tmlim,  prh  Dieppe,  em  ISm,  pp.  3,  4;  Arehmoioffia,  vol.  mxtu.  ;  Sepunure*  Chrit 
d§  la  pSfiodt  An^.-Narm.  ir<m9^  ^  BouieiUes,  pr^4  Dieppe,  «»  1857,  pp.  24—27* 
(Svo.,  Cii«n,  1859);  Bull,  Mom.,  torn.  xxv.  pp.  103,  1032;  SepulL  Chr4t  a  BouUiUe* 
1»,  11,  (4to.,  Londren,  185a.) 

»  Sftppofi  9ur  Um  FhuilUtfiUUt  am  CdtiUon,  en  1S41.  pp.  20—22,  fig,  15, 


492  Note  on  a  Christian  Grave  of  the  Middle  Ages,        [Not; 

so  abundantly  in  the  Christian  graves  of  Bouteilles  ^ ;  of  Martin-Eglise,  in 
1857  ;  of  Rouxmesnil,  in  1858  :  of  Etran,  in  1859  " ;  of  Janval  in  1860  ** ; 
and  of  Petit- Appeville,  in  March  and  April,  1861. 

The  charcoal  with  which  it  was  filled,  and  the  scent  which  it  still  re- 
tuned,  sufficiently  indicated  the  use  to  which  it  had  been  pnt  at  the 
funeral.  It  was  a  censer  for  the  dead,  as  M.  de  Lafons  de  M^licoq  ^  so 
well  terms  it.  This  practice,  which  was  customary  in  the  fourteenth,  fif- 
teenth, sixteenth,  and  even  in  the  seventeenth  century,  does  not  appear  to 
me  to  ascend  beyond  the  thirteenth.  At  least,  at  the  present  day  we  have 
not  discovered  any  evidence  that  establishes  its  existence  in  the  eleventh  or 
twelfth  centuries,  the  epoch  in  which  perhaps  it  had  its  origin,  whilst  such 
is  abundant  in  the  thirteenth,  and  above  all  in  the  fourteenth.  Thus,  then, 
from  the  form  of  the  vase,  and  its  employment  in  the  grave,  the  interment 
cannot  be  dated  earlier  than  the  last-mentioned  era. 

On  the  strength  of  this  evidence  I  wrote  to  M.  Souquet  that  the 
Etaples  grave  appeared  to  me  of  the  Christian  middle  age,  and  belonged  to 
the  time  of  the  last  of  the  Capetian  dynasty  or  to  that  of  the  first  of  the 
house  of  Valois.  I  also  remarked  to  him,  that  beside  this  vase  the  work- 
man might  meet  with  others,  as  this  kind  is  seldom  found  alone ;  often  we 
find  them  in  fours,  and  more  frequently  in  sixes.  I  further  requested  him 
to  inform  me  whether  there  was  not  a  chapel,  a  church,  or  a  Christian 
cemetery  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  discovery ;  and  I  expressed  my  re- 
gret that  I  had  not  received  the  coffin-nails. 

On  the  8th  of  July  M.  Souquet  sent  the  nails,  and  also  the  information 
that  I  had  requested.  He  said  that  the  vase  which  he  had  forwarded  had 
not  been  found  alone  in  the  grave : — "  I  saw  beside  it  many  fragments  of 
another  vase  of  the  same  kind  of  earth.  I  have  also  in  my  possession  the 
bottom  of  a  vase  of  grey  earth,  which  is  covered  externally  with  a  reddish 
glaze.  I  presume  that  the  place  where  these  objects  have  been  discovered 
was  once  a  cemetery,  as  we  have  found  many  bones  in  it.  If  you  examine 
the  plan  which  I  have  published  in  my  •  History  of  the  Streets  of  Etaples,' 
you  will  see  that  the  grave  was  near  the  church  of  Notre-Dame,  which 
was  formerly  parochial  and  encompassed  by  its  cemetery.  This  cemetery 
was  interfered  with  in  1378,  in  the  course  of  fortifying  the  city  during  the 
wars  with  the  English,  and  again  in  1590  during  the  troubles  of  the 
League;  it  was  completely  abandoned  in  1790,  on  the  suppression  of 
the  parish  of  Notre-Dame." 


»  Sepult.  ChreL  d  Bouteill^,  8vo.  pp.  50—62,  4to.  pp.  20,  21,  figs.  1,  4;  Bull, 
Mon.  Unn.  xxv.  pp.  273 — 300;  Areh<Boloffia,  vol.  xxxvii.  pi.  xi.  figs.  1,  4. 

"  Quelquet  Parlicularitea  reUUivea  it  la  Sepulture  ChrStienne  dm  Moyen  Age, 
pp.  r>,  7  of  VArt  Chretien,  torn.  iv.  pp.  428,  430. 

o  (iuide  du  Baigneur  a  Dieppe  et  dan»  les  Environs,  edit.  1861,  p.  116.         % 

p  Annale*  Archeologiquet,  torn.  xix.  p.  279;  ArchSologie  Ceramique  SSpulcrtUe, 
pp.  15,  IG. 


found  at  Etaphs  in  1F_  61 « 

This  informatmn  is  sufficient  to  support  my  deductions,  and  to  enable 
me  to  draw  a  sound  archooological  conclusion. 

It  is  evident  that  the  grave  with  which  we  are  concerned  was  in  a  Chris- 
tian cemetery,  and  in  that  portion  which  was  abandoned  in  the  latter  part 
of  the  fourteenth  century;  a  fact  which  explains  the  preservation  of  the 
[  irariouB  objects  to  our  day. 

From  the  vases  with  charcoal  found  with  the  deceased,  and  the  type  of 
these  vases,  the  interment  must  date  from  the  end  of  the  thirteentli  or  the 
[begionjQg  of  the  fourteenth  century. 

The  form  of  the  sword  does  not  contradict  this  attribution.  The  form 
is  evidenlly  of  the  middle  age,  and  it  appears  to  belong  also  to  the  four- 
teenth or  fifteenth  century,  as  we  may  see  on  the  gravestones  of  those 
periods  %  and  also  by  a  discovery  recently  made  in  England  ^ 

The  wooden  coffin  was  equally  in  use  at  that  epoch ;  we  know  of  many 
examples.  The  nails  from  Eta  pies  do  not  resemble  those  of  our  country 
of  the  eleventh  or  twelfth  century  *,  but  we  have  no  knowledge  of  those  of 
the  fourteenth,  and  no  doubt  such  things  have  in  all  ages  admitted  of  much 
variety.  Besides,  their  length  proves  that  the  planks  of  the  coffin  must 
have  been  very  thick,  a  circumstance  that  agrees  well  with  the  custom  of 
the  thirteenth  century,  when  even  the  trunk  of  a  tree  {in  trunco  *)  was 
employed  in  Christian  burial. 

Lastly,  the  person  was  buried  armed,  as  is  proved  by  the  sword ;  and 
that  be  was  a  knight  is  shewn  by  the  spur. 

Our  studies  in  Christian  sepulture,  but  recently  commenced  and  cir- 
cumscribed in  area,  have  not  as  yet  made  us  acquainted  with  the  practice 
of  armed  inhumation  in  our  own  country,  but  there  are  other  places  where 
bttrial  with  arms  endured  for  a  much  longer  time.  A  French  traveller, 
who  visited  the  Low  Countries  in  the  seventeenth  centurv.  states  that  in 


*  See  on  thit  subject  aoine  excellent  pnpers  iti  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  from 
July,  1S&8,  to  March,  1S59.  (but  particiilarly  those  for  J«ly,  August,  Septeinh4'r,  and 
October,  1858,)  entitled  "  The  Arms,  Armour,  and  MilU«ry  Usagee  of  the  Foiirt<?etith 
Cisntury  ;**  the  author  is  Mr*  Hewitt,  of  the  War  Office,  London. 

'  At  Holme-hill,  near  Market  Weighton,  Yorkshire,  See  Gkitt,  Mao^  July, 
1861,  p.  la 

.    •  See  SepuU,  CkrM,^  Svo.,  pp.  24—27 ;  B%IL  Moh,,  toin.  xxv.  p.  2 1  Chann«»  E^ppori, 
I  pp.  20.  22,  figs,  10,  11,  13,  lo;  Mim,  de  la  Soc,  df4t  Antiq.  d^  NormandM^  tom<  six. 
pp.  494,  495. 

*  Dom  Lue  d^Acher^r  has  cited  the  follow  ingf  pasaago  from  ii  statute  of  MAorice, 
Archbifihop  of  Roacti  (1231 — 1236):— *'8epeliri  vel  in  terr4,  vel  super  terrara,  in 
phifltro,  in  tmuco." — Spidlegiam^  torn.  il.  p.  522.  In  my  "Tomb  of  Childeric"  I  Imve 
noticed  several  intermenta  of  this  kind,  partieutiirlj  ono  of  the  ninth  or  tenth  century, 
found  At  Selby,  in  YorkBhire,  in  18&7.     T.  Wright,  in  Gknt.  Mag,.  Aug.  1857, 

^  pp.  114,  119.  (Z*"  Tumheau,  pp.  45.  47.)  In  1860  M.  Malljiry  found,  in  the  church 
of  Dofirg  Laitr©  (Puy  de  DAine),  among  itone  coffins  of  the  eleventh  or  twelfth  cen- 
tury, the  trunk  of  a  tree  eontalning  a  woman  and  a  child.  &«vue  det  Soc.  Savai^i^t, 
2*  mrle^  torn*  v.  p«  147* 


494  Roman  Cemetery  in  Normandy.  [Nov. 

those  provinces  which  border  upon  our  own  those  who  are  of  noble  ex- 
traction are  interred  with  their  arms'*.  It  appears,  then,  that  the  custom 
of  armed  burial  continued  longer  in  Artois  and  the  Boulonnais  than  in 
Normandy. 

We  have  said  that  the  deceased  was  a  man  of  gentle  blood.  The  spur 
proves  this,  for  at  that  period  it  was  the  sign  of  nobility  and  mark  of 
knighthood,  as  is  affirmed  in  the  old  proverb  —  "Vilain  ne  sait  ce  que 
valent  ^perons*.**  From  all  this  I  conclude,  with  a  fair  semblance  of 
probability,  that  the  grave  at  Etaples  is  that  of  a  Christian  knight  who 
was  interred  with  his  arms  in  the  thirteenth  or  fourteenth  century  of 
our  era.  L'Abbe  Cochbt. 

Dieppe^  July  14,  1861. 


Restoration  o?  St.  Patrick's  Cathedral,  Dublin.  —  Mr.  Guinness  has 
undertaken  the  work  of  restoring  this  fine  building  in  the  true  spirit,  and  is 
carrying  out  his  intention  with  consummate  taste  and  judgment.  Great  labour, 
as  well  as  extensive  research,  has  been  brought  to  the  accompUshment  of  the  task, 
which  requires  not  merely  the  preservation  of  every  detail  of  the  original  plan, 
but  the  detection  and  removal  of  all  innovations,  and  the  restoration  of  the  design 
in  its  original  beauty  and  harmony.  The  finest  cathedrals  in  England  — ^West- 
minster, Salisbury,  and  York — ^were  visited  and  compared,  and  the  result  has  been 
to  shew  that,  in  almost  every  instance  when  St.  Patrick's  was  repaired  or  improved, 
the  ancient  model  was  departed  from.  All  these  incongruities  it  is  intended  shall 
be  removed,  and  the  restoration  will  be  as  complete  as  ancient  research  and  modem 
science  can  make  it.  Before  taking  down  any  portion  of  the  building  a  series  of 
elaborate  measurements  were  taken,  and  accurate  drawings,  both  of  vertical  and 
horizontal  sections,  were  made  of  even  the  minutest  details.  That  marvel  of 
modem  science,  photography,  was  also  employed,  and  stereoscopic  views  were 
taken  at  various  points,  to  preclude  the  possibility  of  any  mistake  in  the  subsequent 
re-erection.  It  is  expected  that  two  years  will  be  occupied  in  the  restoration  of 
this  cathedral,  and  the  cost,  instead  of  being  £20,000  or  £30,000,  as  at  first  esti- 
mated, will  probably  reach  to  £80,000,  which  Mr.  Guinness  will  have  the  exclusive 
honour  of  spending  on  the  work. 

HoMAN  Cehetert  IN  NoRMANDT. — A  labouTcr  in  ploughing  a  field  at  Manne- 
ville-la-Gonpil  in  Normandy  very  recently,  turned  up  some  articles  which  appeared 
to  indicate  that  a  Roman  cemetery  had  existed  on  the  spot.  The  Abbe  Gochet 
immediately  caused  excavations  to  be  made,  when  a  funeral  urn  containing  the 
burnt  bones  of  an  adult,  a  cup  in  green  glass,  three  bronze  statuettes,  one  of  them 
one  of  the  Antonines,  and  some  other  articles  were  discovered. 

»   Voyage  des  Fayg-Bcu,  p.  41,  edit.  1677. 

'  Bull,  de  la  SooUtS  des  AnUiquaires  de  Ficardie,  ann^  1856,  torn.  iv.  p.  280 ; 
RabaDiB,  m  La  Eevue  EuropSenne^  torn.  xlL  p.  623  (Oct.  1, 1860)  after  M.Deloche, 
Cartulaire  de  Beaulieu. 


186L] 


495 


CELTIC  A^D  SAXOl^  GBAVE  HILLS*. 

In  our  memoir  of  the  late  Mr.  Bateman  we  alluded  to  this  volume,  pub- 
lislied  but  a  short  time  previous  to  the  death  of  the  author  j  and  also  to 
the  '*  Vestiges  of  the  Antiquities  of  Derbyshire/*  published  by  him  in 
1848,  and  reviewed  in  the  March  number  of  our  Magazine  of  1849,  The 
two  works  comprise  a  large  mass  of  infurmalion  on  the  sepulchral  usages 
of  the  early  inhabitants  of  the  midland  counties  of  England — information 
more  complete,  as  well  as  more  extensive,  than  has  ever  been  published  on 
the  British  antiquities  of  any  particular  division  of  the  country.  The  in- 
vestigation of  upwards  of  400  tumuli  is  recorded,  and  in  a  manner  so 
painstaking  and  judicious  as  to  leave  nothing  to  be  desired  by  the  archieo- 
logical  student ;  while  the  craniological  notices  give  additional  value  to  the 
researches,  and  the  use  made  of  many  of  them  in  the  Orania  Britafinica^ 
now  in  course  of  publication,  should  stimulate  others  who  open  barrows 
and  ancient  cemeteries  to  preserve  the  skulls  of  their  occupants.  The 
permanency  of  forms  of  the  human  crania  and  their  striking  pecuUarities 
should  surely  be  taken  into  consideration  by  the  scientific  excavator ;  and 
yet  they  have  been  hitherto  almost  entirely  disregarded.  We  direct  atten- 
tion to  the  remarks  made  by  the  editors  of  the  Crania  Britannica,  on  the 
conclusions  which  Mr.  Bateman  arrived  at  on  studying  the  skulls  of  the 
Derbyshire  graves  in  connection  with  the  modes  of  sepulture  and  their 
general  remains.  Many  of  his  discoveries  are  also  there  illustrated  with 
engravings  of  the  skulls,  and  of  ornaments  and  other  remains  in  juxta- 
position. 

Derbyshire  and  the  north  of  Staffordshire  have  preserved  far  more  of 
their  British  antiquities  than  the  south  and  east  of  England^  which  have 
been  more  extensively  cultivated  from  an  earlier  period.  The  urns  indicate 
rude  and  early  art  with  ornamentation  not  always  tasteless ;  and  usually 
of  forms  and  patterns  which  seem  quite  uninfluenced  by  contact  with 
lloman  civilisation.  They  are  generally  accompanied  by  weapons  of  flint, 
stone,  and  bronze,  horns  of  the  deer,  and  tusks  of  the  boar.  The  bariows 
which  contain  jet  ornaments  of  elegant  workmanship  are  probably  of  Inter 
date,  and  may  be  considered  Romano- British.  In  many  cases  the  skeletons 
of  the  more  primitive  interments  were  enveloped  in  skins  of  animaU,  which 
had  doubtless  formed  the  dress  of  the  deceased  when  living.  U  will  be 
remarked,  in  reading  Mr.  Bateman's  volume,  that  most  of  the  barrows  are 
called  hwi,  the  Anglo-Saxon  hlttw,  a  small  hill,  or  tumulus.  Full  one 
hundred  and  fifty  are  thus  designated  with  distinguishing  prefixes.     The 

•  •'  Ten  y eaw'  Dlgijingii  in  Celtic  and  Smon  Grave  Hilb,  in  the  Countld  of  Derby* 
Staiford.  aad  York,  from  IB4B  to  18W*  By  Thomas  Bsteman.'*  (London  and 
Derb^.   8vo.) 


496  Celtic  and  Saxon  Grave  Hills.  [Nov. 

Saxons  perfectly  well  understood  their  sacred  character,  and  in  very  many 
instances  resorted  to  them  for  the  interment  of  their  dead,  burying  them 
in  the  upper  part,  high  above  the  original  deposit.  Of  itself  this  practice 
would  somewhat  denote  a  sparse  and  poor  population,  which  the  remains 
themselves  indicate,  for  they  are  by  no  means  so  intrinsically  rich  as  those 
of  the  Saxon  cemeteries  of  the  south  and  east  of  England.  Not  that  they 
are  in  any  way  less  worthy  the  study  of  the  archseologist,  as  for  ex. 
ample  the  contents  of  the  barrow  at  Benty  Grange,  near  Monyash,  which 
contained  the  silver  decorations  of  a  leathern  cup,-  crosses  and  wheel- 
shaped  ornaments,  some  enamelled  ornaments,  and,  rarest  of  all,  the  iron 
framework  of  a  helmet,  surmounted  by  the  image  of  a  boar.  This  is  so 
curious  that  such  of  our  readers  as  are  not  yet  acquainted  with  Mr. 
Bateman's  volume,  cannot  fail  to  see  in  the  following  account  how  very 
much  depends  upon  care  and  knowledge  in  excavations  such  as  Mr.  Bate- 
man  conducted  so  successfully.  As  the  historical  interest  of  the  helmet 
was,  we  believe,  first  pointed  out  in  the  Collectanea  Antiqua,  we  extract, 
in  this  instance,  from  that  work  ^  full  engravings  being  given  in  the  ^'  Ten 
Years'  Diggings:" — 

'*  It  will  be  observed  that  the  framework  of  the  helmet>  which  is  not  unlike  that 
discovered  in  Gloucestershire,  is  ornamented  with  a  crosB  and  the  figure  of  a  boar  or 
swine,  the  one  a  Christian,  the  other  a  Pagan  emblem.  The  hog  is  a  common  a^onct 
to  some  of  the  Gkolish  coins;  and  Tadtns,  speaking  of  the  habits  and  customs  of  the 
Germanic  tribes  on  the  right  shore  of  the  Baltic,  observes  that  they  bore,  as  a  charm 
against  the  dangers  of  war,  images  of  wild  boars : — 'Matrem  deam  venerantur :  insigne 
snperstitionis,  formam  aprorum  gestant.  Id  pro  armis  omnique  tutela :  secnmm  de» 
cultorem  etiam  inter  hostes  prsestat.'  The  historian's  account  is  confirmed  remarkably 
by  several  passages  in  the  poem  of  Beowulf.  In  a  description  of  warriors  it  is 
stated  that — 

'  They  seemed  a  boar's  form 

to  bear  over  their  cheeks ; 

twisted  with  gold 

variegated  and  hardened  in  the  fire : 

this  kept  the  guard  of  life.' — ^L  604. 

*'  When  Beowulf  is  prepared  for  encountering  the  mother  of  Grendel,  he  is  repre- 
sented clothed  in  m^,  and  wearing  a  helmet  over  the  hood  of  mail : —  ' 

'  Surrounded  with  lordly  chains, 
even  as  in  days  of  yore 
the  weapon-smith  had  wrought  it, 
had  set  it  round  with  the  slmpes  of  swin^ 
that  never  afterwards  brand  or  war-kmfe 
might  have  power  to  bite  it.* — 1.  2,d01. 
"  In  a  funeral  ceremony  the  figure  of  a  swine  is  mentioned  as  a  conspicuous  oh* 
ject : — 

'  At  the  pile  was 
easy  to  be  seen 

the  mail-shirt  coloured  with  gore, 
the  hog  of  gold, 
the  boar  hard  as  iron.'— L  2,213. 


*  yol]L^,SAO,etieq. 


Ifi61.] 


Cettic  and  Saron  Grave  JOTtllt. 


497 


^  Iq  fi  ffobseqtient  ptdttge  the  helmet,  vurmoiinted  by  tlxe  figure  of  a  f)oar,  Is  again 

lOfi— 

*Tlien  corara.'iiidefl  he  to  brin^  in 

the  bonr,  an  ornament  to  the  head, 

the  helmet  lofty  m  war, 

the  grey  mail-ccwt, 

the  rcaxly  bnttle-sword.*^.  4,209. 
"Nothing  can  he  more  satiifactory  than  the  expiimatiofi  of  the  hog  upon  the  Snxon 
helmet  found  in  Derbyshire  presented  by  tbeae  citationi  from  Tiw:ttns  and  the  poem  of 
Beowulf.  Vetttges  of  this  soperitition  are  aaid  still  to  ling:i>r  in  Sweden,  where,  in 
the  month  of  February,  siicr^  to  Freat  the  peaiantry  make  little  images  of  boars  in 
dough  or  paste;,  which  they  apply  to  several  purposes. '* 

We  have  observed  that  the  word  low  is  generally  applied  to  the  Derbj- 
eihire  barrows.  A  very  rcmarknble  sepulchral  mound  near  Ilarlington  is 
called  Hob  Hurst*  a  House.  Its  diameter  is  twenty -two  yards,  and  its 
height  six  feet.  The  cist  it  contained  was  made  of  slabs  of  stone,  each 
nearly  a  yard  broad ;  but  this  structure,  which  must  have  cost  much  labour, 
contained  only  calcined  bones  drawn  to  a  corner  after  the  funeral  fire^  and 
enclosed  with  a  semicircle  of  small  sandstone  boulders,  Mr.  Bateman 
observes : — 

**In  the  popular  naoie  given  to  the  hanrovr,  we  have  an  indirect  testimony  to  ita 
great  antiquity,  as  '  Hob  Uunt^s  House'  sigTii6cs  the  abode  of  an  unearthly  or  eoper* 
natnral  being  accustomed  to  haunt  wooils  and  other  solitary  places,  respecting  n  hom 
many  traditions  yet  linger  in  rvmote  villnges.  Such  an  idea  eonld  only  arise  in  a 
superstitious  age  long  ajjo,  yet  Rufficicntly  modern  to  have  effiiced  all  tnuhtionary  re- 
OoUections  of  the  origiual  intention  of  thu  mound;  it  likewise  aObrds  a  curious  instance 
of  the  inherent  t«ndfncy  of  the  mint!  to  aciign  a  reason  for  everything  uncooamon  or 
unaccountable,  whieh  no  extent  of  ignoranoe  or  apathy  seemi  able  totally  to  era- 
dicate." 

Startling  results  were  iiot  to  be  expected  in  the  field  of  research  which 
the  author  entered  upon  and  so  assiduously  tilled  \  but  he  sou;4"ht  not  for 
effect,  collecting'  and  recording  facta  with  urifl:igy:ing  perseverance  and 
with  a  truth-loving  spirit  which  give  additional  value  to  his  reports,  and 
render  them  of  substantial  use, 

"  Theory,**  he  aays,  "  the  bane  of  nearly  all  the  older  antiquarian  works,  has  been 
avoided;  and  the  very  few  dedactlons  1  have  ventured  to  make  from  recorded  facts, 
are  cither  demonstrable,  or  such  as  may  be  fairly  inferred.  There  will,  however,  be 
found  an  accumulation  of  suggestive  facts,  sutHcicnt  to  enable  the  student  to  elaborate 
his  o«ni  theory  with  regard  to  the  origin,  affiuitica,  belief,  customs,  personal  appear- 
,  and  civilisation  of  the  ancient  inhabltauts  of  the  country  of  the  C^uavii  and 


Mr.  Bateroan*s  volumes  will  therefore  take  their  place  among  the  works 
'of  reference  on  our  national  antiquities. 

We  see  announced  for  publication  a  '*  Continuation  of  the  Descriptive 
Catalogue  of  the  Antiquities  in  the  Museum  of  Lomberdale  House,'*  and 
a  **  Catalogue  of  Manuscripts  in  the  Library  at  Lomberdale/'  As  both  of 
these  works  api>ear  to  be  nearly  or  quite  complete,  it  is  to  be  hoped  that 
Mr.  Bateman's  executors  will  carrjr  out  tbe  intentions  of  the  aitthor  fully 
and  liberally. 

Qar,  Mae.  Vol.  CCXJ,  8  o 


498  [Nov. 


AMERICA,  BEFORE  COLUMBrS. 

The  Btatement  tliat  America  was  discovered  by  Columbus  has  been 
repeated  so  often  that  people  are  incliDed  to  inquire  whether  it  is  true. 
Columbus  is  said  to  haye  been  a  native  of  Genoa,  named  Christopher 
Colon,  but  Christopher  Colon  signifies  Christopher  of  Cologne,  a  city  on 
the  Rhine,  celebrated  for  one  odour  and  for  sixteen  distinct  varieties  of 
horrible  fcetor. 

Whoever  may  write  the  pedigree  of  Columbus  will  possibly  shew  how 
he  was  related  to  Hildebrand  de  Colon*  and  Nicholaus  de  Colon',  who 
came  to  Portsmouth  in  a  ship  called  the  "Welfare,"  14  Henry  III., 
▲.D.  1229-30,  and  received  license  from  the  king  to  return  to  their  own 
country  •. 

The  learned  Cardinal  Wiseman,  in  his  second  lecture  before  the  English 
College  at  Rome,  observes  that  we  cannot  explain  how,  as  Muratori  has 
proved,  Brazil  wood  should  be  entered  among  the  taxable  commodities  at 
the  gates  of  Modena  in  the  year  1306,  or  how  Andrea  Bianco's  map,  pre- 
served in  St.  Mark's  Library  at  Venice,  and  constructed  in  1436,  should 
place  an  island  in  the  Atlantic  with  the  very  name  Brasile,  fifty-six  years 
before  the  first  voyage  of  Columbus. 

But  at  a  much  earlier  period,  the  end  of  the  reign  of  Henry  III.  and 
the  commencement  of  that  of  Edward  I.,  Brazil  wood  is  frequently  men- 
tioned upon  the  Patent  Rolls,  among  the  goods  that  were  taxed  on  enter- 
ing the  gates  of  London.  Here  is  an  abstract  of  one  of  these  entries* 
dated  7  Edward  I.,  a.d.  1279  »>:— 

«  Coneermng  the  Taa  for  Maintaining  ike  JFalU  of  London.—The  King  to  the 
Mayor,  Sherifig,  and  others  his  dtizens  of  London,  gpreeting.  Know  that^  in  aid  of 
the  repair  of  the  walls  and  enclosures  of  oar  dty  aforesaid,  we  have  g^ranted  anto  yoa 
that  from  the  twenty -fourth  day  of  February,  in  the  seventh  year  of  our  reign,  until 
the  end  of  three  complete  years  next  following,  you  may  take  in  the  same  dty,  on 
each,  &c.,  &c.  On  each  hundred  weight  of  pepper,  ginger,  &c,  Frankincense,  Bradl; 
quicksilver,  vermillion,  and  verdigris  for  sale,  two  (pence),  Ac,  Slc    On  each  pound 

•  Rot.  Pat.,  a«  14  Hen.  III.,  part  1,  m.  8. 

^  "  De  murag^o  London'.  Rex  Maiori  viceoomitibus  et  ceteris  dvibus  suis  London', 
salutem.  Sciatis  quod  in  auxilium  reparationis  murorum  et  dausur*  dvitatis  nostras 
praedictiB  concessimus  vobis  quod  a  ^iceumo  quarto  die  Februarii  anno  regni  nostri 
septimo  usque  ad  ftnem  trium  annorum  proximo  sequeotium  oompletorum  capiatia  in 
eadem  Civitate  de  qualibet,  &c.,  &c  De  quolibet  Cent'  piperis,  Zinzibi',  Ac,  Thuris, 
Brasill*,  vivi  argenti,  vermellon',  et  viridis  gred  venalium  duos  (denarios),  Ac,  &c. 
De  qualibet  libra  gariophili,  Nuc*  Muscat',  Maceorum,  Cubeb',  yenalium,  unum  quad- 
rantem,  Slc.,  &c.  De  qualibet  oeotenA  Bord  de  quercu  venientium  de  partibus  trans* 
marin*  venalium,  unum  obolum,  Ac.  De  quolibet  panno  serico  nve  aureo  unum  obolum. 
De  quolibet  samitto  et  panno  operate  cum  anro^  duos  denarioi»  Ac  De  quAlibet  Nayat* 
carbouis  maris  ven'  sex  denarios,"  Ac,  Ac — Mot.  Fai.,  7  £dw.  I^  m.  27. 


1861.] 


America,  before  Columbus. 


499 


of  cloves,  nattnt^gSp  mace,  cabeba,  for  sale,  one  farthing,  A<j.,  Ac,    On  erery  bnndred 
of  uftken  boards  coming  from  parts  beyond  the  seft  for  sate,  one  halfpenny,  kc^.     On 
■•very  cloth  of  ailk  or  gold,  one  hidfpenny.     On  every  aamite  and  cloth  worked  with 
Tgold,  two  pi'nce,  &c.     On  every  &hip  load  of  sea-ooal  for  sale,  six  pence,  &c,  kxu" 

A  email  volurae  in  the  British  Muaeum,  containing  the  history  of  the 
Grocers'  Company  of  London,  also  refers  in  a  note  to  the  early  mention 
of  Brazil  wood. 

This  Brazil  %vood  appears  to  have  been  logwood,  required  for  the  purpose 
of  dyeing  a  fine  red.  When  we  refer  to  the  coBtumes  of  that  time  and 
observe  the  splendid  velvets  of  royal  and  noble  persons,  we  perceive  that 
no  cost  was  spared  to  obtain  the  finest  dyes.  Logwood  was  cut  chiefly 
on  the  shores  of  the  Bay  of  Campeche  or  Honduras,  on  the  southern  shores 
of  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  but  being  a  vegetable  dye  it  is  fugitive,  and  at  last 
fades  under  the  rays  of  the  sun.  It  has  been  partially  superseded  by  the 
cochineal,  an  insect  found  on  a  species  of  cactus. 
^^^  Genoa  was  celebrated  for  its  fine  velvets,  and  it  is  possible  that  the 
^^B**  Knight  of  fair  Liguria''  had  heard  of  Brazil  and  of  Brazil  wood  from  his 
^^V  infancy.  Some  writers  have  supposed  that  Christopher  of  Cologne  £rst 
^^H  beard  of  the  existence  of  America  on  his  visit  to  Iceland,  in  the  month  of 
^^■February,  a-d.  1477;  but  we  perceive  that  a  regular  trade  with  Central 
^^^  America  had  been  going  on  for  some  two  centuries  before  the  first  voyage 
I         of  Christopher  of  Cologne. 

I  But  how  is  it  that  our  common  books  know  nothing  of  all  these  facts, 

^^^and  speak  of  the  discovery  of  America  by  Columbus?  The  explanation 
^^Hlies  in  this, — that  the  invention  of  the  art  of  printing  preceded  the  first 
voyage  of  Columbua  in  1492  by  about  half  a  ceulury,  and  by  half  a  century 
only.  There  were  no  newspapers  in  those  days,  and  very  few  books.  The 
principal  information  that  can  be  now  obtained  regarding  that  century  is 
from  manuscripts,  and  many  of  these  have  perished. 

The  old  story  of  the  Citrthaginian  sea-captain  who  was  pursued  by 
EomaD  vessels,  and  who  ran  his  ship  on  shore,  preferring  to  make  her 
a  wreck  rather  than  permit  the  Komans  to  discover  whither  he  was  going 
for  tin,  is  an  example  of  that  mercantile  caution  that  knows  how  to  keep 
a  valuable  secret  when  there  is  any  profit  to  be  gained  thereby.  The 
existence  of  this  early  American  trade  might  have  been  belter  known  to 
istorians  if  the  jealousy  of  the  merchants  of  llie  thirteenth  and  fourteenth 
centuries  had  not  impelled  them  to  conceal  it  as  far  as  possible. 

The  celebrated  Baron  Alexander  von  Humboldt  has  carefully  examined 
the  discoveries  of  the  JS^orthem  antiquaries  with  regard  to  the  visits  made 
to  North  America  by  the  Scandinavian  and  Icelandic  sea-rovers  at  a  period 
at  first  much  earlier,  and  at  last  contemporaneous  with  the  American  trade 
in  logwood.  He  comes  to  the  conclusion  that  parts  of  America  were  seen 
by  a  mariner  named  Bjarme  Herjulfson  in  the  year  986,  as  he  sailed  south- 
ward from  Greenland.     This  seaman  first  saw  the  land  in  tbe  ueighbour- 


-ssas- 


500  America,  before  Columbus.  [Nov. 

hood  of  Nantucket,  one  degree  south  from  Boston  ;  then  he  came  in  sight 
of  Nova  Scotia,  and  afterwards  of  Newfoundland.  Fourteen  years  later 
another  adventurer  named  Leif  sailed  from  the  north,  and  discovered  land 
as  far  south  as  the  forty- first  degree  of  north  latitude,  which  is  near  the 
latitude  of  New  York.  A  colony  was  afterwards  established  on  this  coast 
by  the  Northmen,  which  was  visited  in  1121  by  a  Christian  missionary 
from  Iceland ;  but  accurate  information  respecting  the  former  intercourse 
of  the  northern  nations  of  Europe  and  the  inhabitants  of  Greenland  and 
Iceland  with  the  real  continent  of  America,  reaches  only  so  far  as  the 
middle  of  the  fourteenth  century,  when  in  the  year  1347  a  ship  was  sent 
from  Greenland  to  Nova  Scotia  to  collect  timber  and  other  necessaries. 
Upon  their  return  from  Nova  Scotia  this  ship  was  overtaken  by  storms, 
and  the  crew  were  compelled  to  land  in  the  west  of  Iceland.  This  is  the 
last  account  of  America  preserved  for  us  in  the  ancient  Scandinaviaa 
writings  *'. 

But  we  have  seen  that,  forty  years  earlier  than  this  date,  Brazil  wood 
was  paying  a  tax  at  the  gates  of  Modena,  and  seventy  years  earlier  thoa 
this  voyage  Brazil  wood  was  paying  a  tax  at  the  gates  of  London. 

Thus  it  appears  that  a  continuous  commercial  intercourse  has  gone  on 
between  Europe  and  America  for  a  period  of  a  thousand  years,  and  that 
the  voyages  of  Columbus  may  be  estimated  for  what  they  are  worth,  and 
no  more. 

Perhaps  the  Portuguese  historian,  Joao  de  Barros,  whose  first  Decade 
appeared  in  1552,  may  have  been  right  when  he  described  Christopher  of 
Cologne  as  "  A  deceitful  man,  and  vain  of  shewing  his  abilities,  and  very 
fanciful  and  imaginative  concerning  his  island  of  Japan  *^." 

The  English  opinion  of  the  Spanish  character  at  that  time,  and  for  the 
rest  of  the  century,  was  not  much  more  elevated  than  that  of  Joao  de 
Barros. 

^  For  a  more  detailed  account  of  these  voyages  reference  most  be  made  to  the  seoond 
volume  of  Humboldt's  Cotmos^  chap.  vi. 

'  "  Homem  fallador,  e  glorioso  cm  mostrar  suas  habilidades,  e  mais  fantastico,  e  de 
imagina9oe8  com  sua  Ilha  Cypango." 


1861.] 


501 


<!^riQ(iial   BocumciitiJ. 


WILLS  AM  mVENTORIES,  CORK,  temp.  ELIZABETH  akd 

MHES  L 

WILL  OP  EDMOND  OGE  GERALD,  dated  /Ipbil  25, 1G18. 
Is  Dei  nomine  Amen.    I,  Edmokb  oge  Gkrald,  of  Culogorie,  in  tbe  county  of 
I  Corke,  Gent.,  being  infirm  id  body  bnl  {thanks  to  God)  perfect  in  sense  and  judg- 
ment, do  make  mj  last  will  in  manner  as  follows :  6rst,  I  com nt end  mj  soute  to 
Almightie  God,  to  the  roost  blessed  Virgin  Marie,  St.  Michiel  the  Archangel,  to 
jny  holy  patrons  Sainct  Collman,  St.  Francis,  and  all  the  blessed  company  of 
[*liCBven,  my  body  to  be  buried  in  the  cathedral  church  of  St.ColIman*,  [Cloyne]. 
[I  do  constitute  my  son  James  my  heir  in  all  my  lands,  fearmes,  and  other  pur> 
[ckases  of  land,  said  son  to  pay  all  my  debts.     Item  to  my  granddaughter  Onorie 
I  fits  Eichard  Gerald  three  young  eowes  that  shalt  go  to  be  bulled  the  next  summer, 
'  and  thico  capelis  of  twoe  years  old  and  three  other  cowcs  and  genmB  of  like  sorta 
to  my  other  granddaughter  Ellenc  iloch.  Dated  at  Cullogorj,  xxv.  April,  16 IS. 

WILL  OF  ADAM  GOOLL,  peo\i;d  Nov,  2G,  1571. 

FiBST  my  soul  to  Almighty  God,  ray  hody  to  be  buried  where  my  friends  and 

^lny  brather  James  Myagb  shall  please.     To  my  eldest  son  and  beir  my  dwelling- 

[  house  as  my  fatlicr  left  mc,  also  the  laud  called  Ardcmanan :  to  my  sonnes  Henry 

and  Davy  the  rest  of  my  purchased  lands ;  my  wiffc  Johanna  Mynghe  to  have  the 

bouse  she  dwclleth  in  as  long  us  she  be  widowe  i  my  said  wiffe  and  aonns  to  pay 

'  every  of  my  dttugiktcrs  xl/i.,  my  bRttlicr  Jumes  Gooll  nx.  nobles,  and  to  the  rest 

of  my  brethren  iiii,  nobles  current  money  of  England  afiice,  to  delyver  to  my  aer* 

Tant  Jordayn  Coppinger  xlL  and  to  give  to  Christ  Churcli,  Cork,  v.  marks,  so  that 

the  olde  faithe  be  set  up ;  to  my  sister  Catherme  Gooll  the  beste  golde  ryngo 

1  have.     And  I  order  that  my  brother  James  Myaghe  shall  have  my  buget  that  ia 

in  kcping  with  me  hostaa  at  Koune'*  at  the  signe  of  the  silver  ....  to  be  conveyed 

in  such  forme  as  is  stated  to  Ireland,  to  be  delivered  to  mj  wyffc  and  ctiildren. 

lade  sjdx"'  of  July,  1571. 

WILL  OF  PEIES  GOLD,  phovbd  Apbil  10.  1610'. 
Ih  the  name  of  God  Amen.     I,  Pkirs  Gold,  sonn  and  heir  to  Gerat  Gold, 
fi.  and  h.  to  William,  s.  and  h.  to  Gerat  the  elder,  of  the  cittie  of  Corck,  Gent., 


•  The  Qeraldine  mminment  is  in  the  north  trmasept  of  Cloyne  Cathedral.  It  is  of 
black  marbU ;  the  inscription  is  given  in  Smith'i  Hist*  of  Cork|  voL  i«  p.  144w 

^  Bouen. 

^  Some  of  the  landa  mentioned  in  this  will  [of  Piers  Gold]  were  sold  by  the  tmiteei 
of  forfeiU^  estates  to  William  Wakeham  in  1702.  The  luads  named  in  the  convey- 
ance are  tbers  said  to  be  the  estate  of  Ignatius  Goold  and  Arthur  Galway,  attainted. 
Of  this  nnmerons  family  of  Goold  no  branch  eocapod  the  forfeitures,  aa  far  as  we  can 
find.    Strennaus  eaorttons  were  made  lately  to  connect  some  of  the  name  now  living 


602  Original  Documents.  [Nov. 

myndful  of  this  our  present  per^renaoon  of  this  our  mortal!  and  tranntorie  life, 
and  being,  God  be  praised,  of  sound  memorie,  howbeit  weake  and  sick  of  bodie,  do 
make  this  my  laste  will.  First,  I  bequeathe  my  soul  to  God  my  creator  and  re- 
deemer, to  his  most  blessed  mother  the  holie  Virgin  Marie,  and  the  rest  of  the 
holie  company  of  heaven,  my  body  to  be  buried  in  Christ  Church.  Item  where 
I  have  formerly  by  deed  enfeoffed  Steephen  Tirrie  of  my  dwelling-houae  and  of 
my  castle,  towne,  and  lands  caUed  Castltowne  and  £ast  Duglas,  to  have  by  way 
of  joynter  to  the  use  of  my  married  wife  Johanna  Tirrie  during  her  natural  life, 
upon  condition  that  said  feoffment  should  be  cancelled  whensoever  I  woulde  builde 
another  stone  house  to  remain  in  lewe  thereof  to  my  said  wife,  now  I  leave  said 
wife  said  dwelling-house  during  her  viduitie  and  contynende,  yielding  yearly  to  my 
heir  Gerat  the  rent  out  of  the  newe  house  wherein  now  dweUeth  Mr.  Nuce.  Item 
to  said  wife  one  moyetie  of  Balliefeighan-beg  aud  more  ',  Comaghenbeg  and  more, 
and  Baliinoa  within  the  liberties  of  Corcke,  which  I  hold  in  mortgage  of  Patrick 
Tirrie  for  xl/i.  To  have  to  said  wife  upon  condition  that  she  shall  cherish  and  use 
her  children  well,  and  yearly  pay  my  sonn  Christopher  v«.,  and  xiii.  to  some  poore 
priest  for  remembrance  of  my  soule  everie  year  during  her  life.  Item  to  said  wife 
my  landes  of  East  Duglasse,  Ardedarigg,  and  Ballirishigge  during  her  life,  paying 
to  my  sonn  Stephen  xxj.  yearly.  Item  to  my  heir  Gerat  my  nowe  dwelling-house 
and  garden  after  the  decease  of  my  wife  or  as  soon  as  she  marries,  also  my  part  of 
the  garden  called  Gamyhowe,  and  the  garden  called  Garrinyturkane,  and  my  part 
of  the  garden  juxta  ecclesiam  Sanctse  Cruds.  To  have,  &c.,  to  said  heir,  rem*  to 
my  son  Stephen,  rem*  to  my  son  Walter,  rem'  to  my  son  Patrick,  rem'  to  my  son 
John,  rem'  to  my  brother  James.  Item  to  my  heir  Gerat  and  son  Stephen  my 
right  in  the  castle  and  lands  of  Bathinyloade  in  Kiericurrihie  expressed  in  the 
conveiance  past  by  Cicilia  Milloade  to  her  son  Gerat  Gold  thelder,  my  great  grand- 
father.   Item  the  mess'  where  Thomas  Faggan  dwelleth  to  said  Gerat  and  Stephen, 

with  any  of  the  old  stock,  but  without  suocess.  The  baroDet's  estates  lately  sold  by 
the  Encumbered  Estates  Court  are  understood  to  have  been  acquired  in  the  lart 
century  by  purchase  from  the  Ronaynes.  They  comprised  Old  Court,  Rochestown, 
&C.,  which  certainly  belonged  to  the  Ronayne  family  until  then ;  having  been  conveyed 
to  Maurice  Ronayne,  in  1606,  by  Patrick  Roche  fitz  Maurice  fits  Richard,  of  Cork, 
gent.  Notwithstanding  this  late  acquisition  of  these  lands  by  the  Goolds,  there 
remains  a  MS.  containing  "  Interrogatories  on  the  part  of  Henry  Gould  and  David 
Gould,  complainants,  against  Sit  Wm.  Rives,  Knt.,  his  Majesty^s  Attorney  General,*' 
which  must  be  of  the  time  of  James  I.  or  his  son,  and  relate  to  these  lands,  or  some  of 
them,  including  Rochestown  and  Old  Court ;  so  that  it  would  seem  as  if  the  Goulds 
had  some  former  dmms  on  these  lands,  which  appear  to  have  been  then  lately  "held 
of  the  then  Earl  of  Desmond  attainted,  as  of  his  manor  of  Carrigline  al's  Beaver  by 
fealty,  suit  of  Court  and  the  yearly  rent  of  10«.  out  of  every  plowland."  The  manor 
seems  to  have  passed  fVom  the  Crown  to  the  Earl  of  Cork,  as  appears  from  one  of  the 
interrogatories.  The  above  William  Wakeham's  lands  came  to  the  Tookers  by  the 
marriage  of  Nicholas,  son  of  William  Tooker,  of  Lisnagree,  with  Jane,  daughter  of 
Richard  Wakeham,  of  Ballylegan,  which  Jane  married,  secondly,  William  Smith,  of  the 
great  Island,  and  had  issue  by  both  husbands.  William  Tooker  of  Linagree,  in  1700, 
sealed  his  will  with  a  chevron  embattled  between  three  sea-horses.  He  had  a  younger 
son.  Baptist  Tooker,  at  St.  Christopher's  in  1700.  The  name  "  John  Baptist"  occurs 
in  a  pedigree  of  Tooker  of  Exeter  in  a  Harl.  MS.  1091,  being  a  visitation  of  Devon- 
shire, yet  we  find  a  John  Baptist  Tooker  of  Bideford  disclaimed  by  the  heralds 
in  1620. 
<*  It  is  hardly  necessary  to  remark  that  be^  signifies  'little'  and  mare  'great.' 


1861.]         PFills  and  Inventories,  Cork,  temp.  Elizabeth.  503 

also  the  lands  I  have  by  deed  conveied  to  Stephen  White  and  George  Morroughe ; 
my  castle  called  Castletown,  Earryn  Idie,  £ast  Daglasse,  Ardedarigg  and  Ballin- 
rishigg,  &c.,  to  my  sons  Gerat,  Stephen,  Walter,  Patrick,  and  John,  and  their 
heires ;  also  said  heires  to  be  seized  of  the  reversion  of  said  lands  as  follows,  first, 
Gastletowne  and  East  Duglasse  to  the  use  of  Gerrat  and  Stephen  equally  and  their 
heires,  also  the  lands  of  Farryn  Iducke  and  Lesahin  juxta  Duglas,  also  my  land 
called  Park  Riough  juxta  West  Duglas  and  the  reversion  of  Ballinrishigg  to  my 
son  Walter  during  his  life,  and  after  to  Stephen.  Item  to  said  feoffees,  &c.,  my 
third  part  of  the  towne  and  lands  of  Rossola  and  Ballicheskine  in  the  great  Island ; 
and  my  part  of  Brownestown,  Knockrea,  Powle  Idowrane,  Carrigines,  Farrins- 
townedoughe,  Mone  Ire,  within  the  liberties  of  Cork,  to  the  benefit  of  my  son 
Patrick,  begotten  of  my  wife  Johanna  Tirrie.  Item  the  reversion  of  Ardedarrigg 
to  my  son  John.  Item  to  my  brother  James  a  barrell  of  wheat,  my  dublett,  my 
newe  coath,  hoase,  and  my  russet  cloake  which  he  now  wears,  all  my  freese  stock- 
ings and  twoe  rouffe  bands,  and  all  my  shooes  and  pantables.  To  my  sister  Gennet 
a  barrel  of  wheat.  To  my  son  Gerratt  my  newe  black  cloake  with  velvet  lace,  my 
gilt  salt,  and  his  owne  silver  cupp  and  my  hatt.  To  my  son  Stephen  my  other 
black  cloake  faced  with  ....  silver  spoones  and  tastor  of  silver.  To  my  wife  the 
lower  mill  of  Doglass,  rem'  to  Stephen ;  also  the  upper  mill  of  Duglass,  rem'  to 
Gerrat.  Item  to  my  base  son  Patrick  my  jerkin  of  frise,  my  hose,  and  xU.,  my 
wife  to  maintain  him  as  long  as  he  shall  behave  honestly.  Item  to  said  wife  my 
interest  in  Ballinphillick,  paing  yearly  for  four  years  xtlvs.  to  Robert,  Dominick, 
William,  and  Christopher.  To  John  O'Conellane  iit.  vi^.  satisfaction  for  a  brasslet 
which  he  alleadgeth  my  first  wife  Margaret  Lavallyne  to  have,  before  I  was 
married  to  her.  Item  to  Thomas  Skiddie  xmid.  in  satisfaction  of  a  bottell  of  wyne 
which  he  delivered  to  Captaine  Bostocke  uppon  my  word.  Item  to  Gerrat  fitz 
Richard  or  his  wife  iii.  to  have  his  or  her  blessing,  for  a  pig  of  his  which  was 
killed  for  my  taveme.  Item  that  the  deed  passed  unto  me  by  Arte  O'Keiffe  and 
his  wife  shall  be  cancelled,  likewise  all  obligations  past  unto  me  by  Sir  Owen 
M'^Cartie,  Knight,  deceased,  Sir  Finin  O'Drisooll,  Kot.,  and  Randll  oge  Duff. 
And  I  earnestly  enjoyne  upon  my  blessing  that  if  any  controversie  should  grow 
betwixt  them,  they  shall  submit  themselves  to  the  arbitrament  of  Mr.  Philip  Gold, 
now  Archdeacon,  David  Tirrie,  and  their  survivor.  Item  that  my  wife  be  com- 
pelled, by  the  tutors  of  my  children,  to  put  into  the  caskett  in  my  great  chest  all 
evidences  and  writings  of  my  conveiances,  the  key  to  remaine  in  the  keepeing  of 
Father  William  Miagh  untill  my  son  and  heir  come  of  full  age,  said  evidences  to 
be  forthcoming  if  necessity  should  require.  Witness  my  hand,  May  6,  1609, 
Piers  Golde.    Beinge  present  John  Hierlchie,  Gerald  Gold. 

WILL  OF  DAVID  LOMBARD',  proved  Sept.  16,  1582. 
In  Dei  nomine  Amen.    Ego,  D^vid  Lombard,  de  Corke,  mercator,  sanus 
raente  sger  tamcn  corporc,  quia  mortem  natura  omnibus  proposuit,  et  incerta  est 
quam  longa  cujusque  hominis  vita  futura  sit,  maxime  vero  morbis  laborantium, 

*  The  LombArds  were  a  numerous  family  in  Cork,  of  the  same  class  as  the  Qoolds. 
Ono  branch  of  them  seems  to  have  escaped  the  forfeitures — the  Lombards  of  Lombards- 
town.  This  line,  however,  has  terminated  in  four  sisters,  coheiresses,  two  of  whom 
intermarried  with  the  families  of  Cotter  and  Delacour.  There  is  a  remarkable  monu- 
ment in  Buttevant  Abbey  to  the  memory  of  a  Lombard ;  it  is  described  in  Mr.  Saint- 
hill's  Oa<i  Fodrida,  vol  i.  p.  224 


501  Original  Documents.  [Nov. 

condo  meaiD  testament  am,  ooq)a8  meam  lepeliendnm  in  capelU  Beatae  Maris  infra 
Eoclesiam  Sanctc  Tnnitatis,  Oorke,  in  looo  majonun.  Item  fado  filiom  meum 
Edwardam'  meum  beredem,  cui  do  menm  domnm  manaioniB,  omnia,  Iieredi- 
tates,  &c  Habendum  predict'  f.  et  h.  et  bed'  in  feudo  tdliato  qnemadmodum 
pater  meus  eadem  mibi  reiiquit.  Item  cum  filios  quatuor  et  nnam  filiam  prster 
beredem  babeam,  nee  bona  iisdem  aut  axon  distribnenda  posaideo,  nisi  tantom 
tres  aut  quatuor  patenas  Kreas  et  duo  rasa  Tulgariter  Tocata,  Serrizes,  baec  que 
babeo  dictis  filiis,  uxori,  et  filis  do.  Item  constituo  uxorem  meam  Alsonam  Tjny 
et  f.  et  h.  executores  meos  et  Robertom  Tyny  ladimagistrum  et  germanam  meam 
Jaoobum  tutores  fiiioram  meorum. 

WILL  OF  RICHARD  MATHEW,  proved  Mat  10, 1582. 
In  tbe  name  of  God  Amen.  I,  Richards  Mathew,  of  Corke,  mercbant,  do 
make  my  last  will,  mj  body  to  be  buried  in  Christ  Church.  I  bequeath  to  myne 
eldest  soon  William  my  dwelling-house  paroell  of  the  mess*  I  hold  by  lease  of 
William  Sarsfilde,  of  Corke,  Alderman,  late  deceased,  contayning  foure  baies,  &&, 
the  taveme  under  said  house  excepted.  To  my  sonn  Patrick  my  aqoarita  pott 
and  said  tarem  for  three  years ;  to  my  daughter  Catherin  my  beste  brewinge-pann 
with  his  brandiron  and  my  said  taTem  for  other  three  years;  to  my  daughter 
Margaret  my  seconde  brewinge-pann  and  said  taveme  for  two  years ;  to  my  sonn 
John  my  brasen  pann  and  said  tareme  for  two  years ;  to  Andrew  Morroghe  one 
bay  of  my  mess',  rem*  to  my  sonn  John ;  to  my  wyfe  Alson  Verdon  my  bakehouse 
and  the  house  wherin  Robert  Nogell  dwelleth,  rem*  to  my  sonn  William. 

WILL  OP  JOHN  TEIGE  M^CARTIE,  op  CORK,  provtsd  Dec.  23, 1577. 

In  Dei  nomine  Amen.  I,  John  Teige  M^'Cabtis,  of  Corcke,  merchante,  do 
make  my  last  will,  my  body  to  be  buried  in  my  parish  church  with  my  wyfe  Julyan 
Nugente.  I  make  Walter  fitz  John  Galwey  and  William  Kent  fitz  James  my 
heirs  and  executors. 

Inventobie. — First  two  caples,  xxxv.  sheep,  xi.  hoggs,  a  bame,  a  hagarde  of 
Nicholas  Edmonde  Corbally  for  terme  of  years,  two  brewing  panns,  a  crocke  for 
distilling  aquaritie'  and  a  senrize,  soome  pooter  potts  and  one  quarte.  Morrice 
Brethnaghe  Tooker  hath  from  me  a  candlestick  with  one  great  lighte,  two 
whuches^  and  three  coffers,  one  acre  from  Mr.  John  Galwey,  another  from  the 
parish  of  St.  Stephen,  a  table  boorde  and  a  carpet,  three  mowes  in  beans,  bariey, 
and  lyttle  wheate  as  yet  unthrashed.  Item  I  have  manured  and  sowen  this  year, 
1577,  iii.  or  iiii.  acres  of  beans,  peze,  and  barley.  Item  I  ha?e  a  fether  bedd,  two 
shirts,  ii.  cadowes,  a  greate  blacke  mantell,  a  peace  of  orchal  fryce  conteyning 
ziii.  bandlats.  Item  with  Nicholas  White,  taylor,  an  olde  cloake.  I  have  parke 
Hyernani,  half  an  acre  na  Kerrycryhie  and  iii.  stangs  Bele  y  Wohyr.    Philip 

'  By  indenture,  Nov.  27, 1687,  Edwarde  Lombard,  of  Corke,  merchant,  lets  to 
Edmond  Terrie  fitz  David,  gent.,  *'  a  plote  of  more  or  medowe  ground  in  Shandon, 
being  irom  the  common  way  going  to  said  Edmonds  mill  ou  S.  to  the  nywe  mill  on  N., 
and  in  breadth  from  the  water  course  of  John  Lawallins  mill  on  W.  to  tbe  water  of 
said  Edmonds  mill  on  E.  To  have  for  seaven  years,  yielding  yearly  \U.  v\d,,  saving 
always  that  said  water  shall  have  frie  course  to  said  Lawallins  mill."— (5ar*/2tfW  MS8.) 

«  "  I  will  rather  trust  a  Fleming  with  my  butter,  parson  Hugh  the  Welshman  with 
my  cheese,  an  Irithman  with  my  aqucmiia  bottle,  or  a  thief  to  walk  my  ambling 
gelding,  than  my  wife  with  hersel£"— Jforry  Wives  of  Windsor,  act  ii.  sc  2. 

^  Chests. 


1861.] 


J  Lincolnshire  Inventory, 


505 


Marlell  lintlic  from  me  ii.  spoonca  in  pledge,  Francis  Martctls  man  a  lytic  ppoone 
itt  jiledg  for  \d.     David  fitz  Oliver  Tjrry  hatb  a  phitter  from  me  in  f»lcdge  for 

capk'8  Wiij^es,  oue  day  bbourin|^.  1  owe  my  cozen  Feilymy  M'Cartye,  prieste, 
"eomc  old  debts,  nnd  I  will  my  executors  pay  liim  xb.  olde  money^  &ec. 

LteGACJiiS.^1  bequeath  towards  tbc  repttracion  of  Cijrist  Chtircli  two  barrels  of 
biirley,  to  St.  Slepben'a  Clnirch  one  buslidl  lo  be  paid  next  barvesi,  and  to  eveiy 
poore  prickle  of  Cbrist  CImrcb  xiitA  To  David  fil/.  Deiiys  tbc  plouglie  yron  ;  to 
Kicburd  Miithewe  my  red  gowue;  to  iSiebolas  Corbally  a  pair  of  hbiek  kiersey 
slokings ;  to  Robert  Laoge  my  uewc  sliirte;  to  iVf  servjnite  Wdh'am  Fyne  a 
brossc  ser\*i?.e,  four  slicpe,  and  two  bussells  of  bmley,  wilb  so  wmch  bcaiw  to  be 
delivered  lo  bini  of  my  nextc  barveste,  &cc. 


A  LINCOLNSHIRE  INYEXTOEY,  a,b.  1652. 

Mb^Urbait, — I  eend  you  for  publication  in  the  Gentleman's  MagaziHI 
an  Inventory  of  the  jj^oods  of  a  Lincolnshire  farmer  of  tbc  seventeenth  cen- 
tury. I  know  few  docutiients  thai  ^'ive  a  more  accurate  picture  of  a 
rural  household  of  the  Comiiionwealth  period.  The  original  is  in  private 
hatids. — I  am,  &c.  Edwaud  Peacock,  F.J5.A, 

Bottc9ford  Manor,  Oct,  U,  186L 


J  true  ami  perfect  Inteniorie  of  all  (he  good*  attd  ehadht  of  Thomas  Teanh^,  hh 
of  BiJftoH*tpon-HnmlMii%  in  the  comUh  of  LUcoh,  tf^omuHy  deceiued^  valued  and 
aiipri^td  the  jrjrif'  da  if  ofJul^ililb^t  6jf  ct  whose  names  are  herevnto  iuhscribed. 

Isu'iuiijs  liis  purse  ami  appardl,  vj't 

In  the  Hall  hounte. 
It'ni  one  enbord,  2  louge  tables  and  frames,  six  high  buffit  stooles,  one  low  stoolr, 

one  sImjiI  tnble,  one  glasse  ca5e%  iij"  xj". 
It'm  one  Aridyron,  j  pllowbalk  w*^  crookes,  a  litle  cbaire,  a  pairc  of  bellows,  with 

oilier  ymplcmeuts,  viij*. 

In  (he  led  parlor, 
I  I'm  one  bed  stead  w'**  bcddinge  and  furniture,  one  long  table  and  fran^e,  one 

Hveric  cupbord,  two    formes,  tlircc  cbaircs,   tbree    bigb  stoolcs,   tbrce   low 

fitooles,  x". 
ll'm  elcuTcii  quisbions,  two  cupbord  cloathes,  xlvj'  viij*, 
It'xn  oue  table  carpet,  with  olber  implements,  x'. 

In  the  litle  jHtrlor* 
It*m  one  stand  bed,  wHb  beddingc  and  furniture  and  a  foote  stoole,  iiij"  x«. 
lt*m  one  buJfc  Ijcaded  bed,  w'tb  furniture,  liij'  iiij**. 
lt*m  UHC  trundle  bid  w'lb  beddmi?,  tind  an  olh'r  foot  stoole,  Hvj"  viij^. 
It'm  one  okc  panncll  chiatc,  one  aiaunders  cbisl  \  and  one  cradle, 

•  A  loi  ktii^>^1}iii9«  **  In  tbe  Purler  on  ghi^»knw." ^-  Invcntorj^  qf  Jlenrg  Orntfe, 
(ItSUri,)  Ji'aiHe'H  North  Jjitthtim^  p.  11*3. 

^  Flani|f*r9  cbestA  lu^  of  fr<Njn<*nt  ixriurrcner  in  ofd  wiUi  and  InTcntor^c*.     I  believe 

tb«t  *•  Fltindrr*"  doe#  i»ot  mdiciitc,  in  all  ea*cs,  that  lliese  clic^u  were  of  Fknni«h 

n< linn ^ntt lire,  but  only  tbiit  tLey  wi»pi*  rkbly  carved  or  culoured  ivfti-r  tbo  uismnur  t»f 

tltc  Kieiidng».     Tburc  is  n  cbe»t  of  ibU  kiad  ^et  remaining  in  tlit*  cbui xb  ol  WMtti, 

(ii'M.  Mag.  V0L.CCXI.  3  p 


"->r 


506  Original  Documents.  [Nov. 

It'm  a  paire  of  sheets  with  seaminge,  one  paire  of  h'ninge  sheetes,  one  loDge  table 

clothe,  two  towells,  seaven  pillow-bears ',  one  litle  table  cloath,  19  liaing  table 

napkins,  a  paire  of  hempen  sheetes,  iiij"  xv"  viij'*. 
It*m  one  face  cloth  <*  for  a  diild,  one  cradle  doath,  a  paire  of  white  vallance  *,  one 

olde  table  cloathe,  xx*. 
It*m  about  fower  gardes  of  lining  cloatii,  a  store  of  hempen  cloath,  a  web  of  harden, 

2  paire  of  harden  slieetes,  a  doeen  of  table  napkins  vnbleaeht,  zlvij'  viij'. 
It'm '  mantles,  a  liitle  cusnet »,  a  litle  basket,  and  other  implimentes  there,  xij'. 
It'm  all  the  pewter  and  bras^e,  chaving  dish,  and  a  brasse  ladle,  iij^. 

In  the  house  Buttrie. 
Three  barrells,  j  fry  . .  . . ,  one  cheese-presse,  one  baskett,  and  other  ymple- 
mentes,  xj". 

In  the  liile  parUf  Buttrie. 
It*m  two  treya,  one  boll,  one  basket,  old  yron,  two  stonpottee,  and  other  ymplem*** 
theie,  xxv% 

In  the  KUchin. 
It'm  3  brasse  pans,  one  iron  pot,  three  kittes,  one  mashtub,  one  piek,  three  bolls, 
j  kimliu**,  one  fruggin^,  w'th  oth'r  implem*",  xxiiij*. 

In  the  chamber  over  y  hout. 
It'm  eight  quarters  of  wheat,  xij". 
It'm  two  quart's  of  peas,  xl*. 
It'm  two  quartos  of  mashlin**  and  barley,  Iv*. 
It'm  ten  seckes,  a  iioppec,  a  strike  skep,  a  meal  tub,  w^**  other  ymplememtes,  xvj'. 

In  the  chamber  over  the  great  parlor. 
It'm  fower  bacon  flitches  and  a  chawder  of  coalee,  two  flr  deales  with  korse  trees, 
swingle  trees,  with  other  ymplementes,  iii^'. 

in  the  malt  chamber, 
It'm  12  quarters  of  malt  or  thereaboutes,  with  2  quart's  of  mashlin,  x^. 
It'm  a  new  haire  clothe,  with  malt  shavells,  xl*. 

near  Kipon,  which  is  believed  to  be  the  one  mentioned  m  the  will  of  Christopher  Beste, 
(1557) : — "  Item  I  gyffe  unto  George  Best  xl*.  y*  he  bathe  of  myne  remayninge  in  hys 
haiide,  with  all  other  stuffe  he  hathe  . .  .  except  a  Flanders  kyste,  and  y*  thing  y<  ys 
within  it."  "It'm  lego  Rob'to  filio  meo  meal'  ....  monsa  flandrens'  et  mea'  o'tima 
Ciata  flandrens'.'*— JT*//  of  William  Bliton,  of  Kirton  in  Lindsey,  (1498). 

«  Pillow-cases. — Halliwell.  "iij  puire  of  fine  pillobeares." — Teat  Rob.  Wtdring- 
tone,  1598,  Durham,  Wills,  Surtees  Soc,  vol  ii.  p.  288. 

•*  An  infant's  veil. 

«  "  A  kind  of  saye,  serge,  or  stuff  to  make  curtains  of  beds  with." — Biekardton. 
Probably  from  the  materitd  being  first  imported  from  Valentia  in  Italy. 

'  Sic. 

V  Perhaps  a  little  cushion. 

^  A  tub,  especially  a  brewing  vessel ;  still  in  use.  "  EimVmg,  in  Linoolnshiro,  or 
a  kimnel,  as  they  term  it  in  Worcestershire.  Vas  ooquendsD  cerevisise.*' — lAUleton** 
Dictionary,  6th  edit. 

*  A  fork  with  which  fuel  is  put  into  an  oven;  still  in  use.  Fr.  Fouryon,  "A  coal- 
rake  or  an  oven-fork." — Boyer. 

^  Maseldine,  maslin,  monk-corn,  blend-oom,  i.  e.  wheat  and  rye  mixed.  Lat.  mixiUio, 
Law -French,  meslilo. 


1861.]  A  Lincolnshire  Inventory.  507 

•        In  ike  Kiiehin  chamber. 
It'm  two  stock  beddes,  w'tli  the  farniture,  xxxiij*  iiij*. 
It'm  three  axletrees,  with  other  old  wood,  v'. 
It'm  fowerteen  sheep  treys^  y\]\ 

In  ike  Stable. 
It'm  eleaven  horses,  w'th  plow  and  plowgeare,  xlv". 
It'm  heckes  and  mangers,  3  iojstes,  28  fir  deales,  with  other  wood,  xxxiiij*  iiij**. 

In  ike  Tarde, 
It'm  fowerteen  old  swine,  seaventeen  holdinges  \  viij"  x*. 
It'm  three  swine  stockes  ■,  v*. 
It'm  three  ladders  w*^  a  buckit  and  band,  zx*. 

It'm  fower  waines,  two  rolls,  5  sheepe  cratches  ",  with  oth'  loose  wood,  xj'  iiij'*. 
It'm  three  yron  harrows  and  a  wood  harrow  •,  xvij*  vj**. 
It'm  two  yron  swath  rakes,  x*. 

It'm  the  long  helme  ^  the  Htle  helme,  with  about  two  loades  of  straw,  vij"  x*. 
It'm  12  loades  of  manure,  vj*. 
It'm  an  other  loade  of  straw,  v*. 
It'm  eight  oxen  with  yoakes  and  teames,  xxxij*^. 
It'm  eight  kine,  eight  yonge  holding  calves,  xvj*^ 
It'm  8ea?en  young  beastes,  i\ 

In  iheffeilde. 
It'm  one  hundred  sheepe,  xxxiij"  vj»  viiij*. 
It'm  20  trays  and  a  fold  pike,  xiij*  iiij^. 
Ijt'm  75  acres  of  wheat  and  rie,  and  67  acres  of  barley,  ccxij". 
It'm  32  acres  and  three  stonge''  of  beanes  and  pease,  8  acres  of  Jintells,  and 

17  acres  of  white  peas,  Ix**. 
It*m  28  acres  of  land  cartmanured,  and  three  acres  sheepe  foulded,  xvij^'  xij*. 
It'm  land  in  tyle,  xviij'^ 

It'm  a  lease  of  Robert  Pointers  howse  for  diverse  yeares  yet  to  come,  worth  iiij". 
It'm  a  lease  of  Thomas  Teanby,  blacksmith,  house  in  Barton,  worth  v'^. 
The  totali  suuie  is  dlxix"  xyi*  x<*. 

Thomas  Kerbis,       \ 
Thomas  Thompson,  >  FrUer$. 
RicHAKD ,     y 

*  Young  pig«.  *•  It'm  xviij  onld  swine  and  viij  houldings.*' — Invent.  Joh,  Ifecill  of 
Faldingworth,  1590,  Midland  Countiee  HUiorical  Coll.,  vol.  ii.  p.  29. 

■°  Swine  yokes,  or  swine  collars,  i.  e.  a  wooden  frame  for  a  pig's  nedc,  to  hinder  it  from 
going  through  hedges. 

"  Sheep  troughs.     Pr.  creeks,  *a  manger/ 

<*  i.  e.  harrows  with  iron  teeth.  In  former  days,  as  is  here  ^ewn,  it  was  soisetimes 
customary  to  ase  harrows  with  wooden  teeth. 

f  A  shed  huilt  of  wood,  sticks,  or  straw;  still  in  use.  Anglo-Saxon  helm,  The 
greate  helme  in  the  staggarth."— ^etr*  Farming-book,  (1641,)  Surtees  Soc.,  p.  58. 

<  A  rood  of  land.  Anglo-Saxon,  eien^e,  a  *  stake'  or  *pole.'  "  Stang,  a  rood  of  land. 
Nora/'—MalliwelL 


if;)* 


rS'ZT. 


Sntiquariaii  anti  litnrarc  Jntrtltgmffr. 


i;::[Tr.sir  Auru.y/A.nGicxL  association. 


Th^rn/ln^,     A***!-     22.         F.T^rMTOy      TO 

7hl4  mA%  » joint.  #^xrTir«r,Ti  of  the  Awo- 

lnr»i  .Vyl.  t.y. 

Ihf  yif^'j,  JiWit  fti/Kty  in  nTimb<»T, 
w^it  hv  t.hf;  raUjr^y  to  X^r^vtoTi  Abbrjt, 
»n'l  t\ttrT\tjn  ir>  furrU'jf^  to  ffarrr/:nV;**,  the 

jfnitinif  ft].fAc.   mansion   \n   the   In^rJi'itifnl 
Karly  Kn^li^h  t-.hnTKh,  which  wM  fkiicnberl 

If,  Id  bnlt  in  «  Mimple  fit;,  le,  i  a  almost 
eT»tin'ly  flfvoid  of  ornament,  ftn<l  there  np- 
|>eftrii  no  mnrk  <>f  nejiarntion  lietwccti  the 
rhnnfn]  and  nave.  It  ia  fle<licate<l  to 
ht.  BIhim,  mM'^nrcn  55  feet  lon;^  by  30 
hrof«/l,  arif]  conMint*  of  cliancel,  nave,  and 
nt/rih  ai4le,  dividefl  by  four  inaimive  pil- 
Iar4  withont  traafa  which  Kiifipr^  pr>int<rd 
urcht'n.  KhHi  fmy  ia  lij^hte^l  by  a  pl^iin 
twin  lanect  wifirlow,  and  under  ett<;h  ia 
ft  Iriw  t«inib-Bn'h,  the  eaMt<trn  one  Injing 
orrn|>ie'l  by  a  ffrm»(n\  ri'ctinilycnt  figure 
branny  a  fihield,  on  wliich  arc  the  Hac- 
coinbn  annH,  Argent  three  >»endM  fia))lc, — 
Mid  the  next  by  a  niemorinl  <:rofw.  The 
PMi  and  went  entbi  of  the  nave  are  lightisl 
by  triplet  lancet •win<Iowii,  the  latter  con- 


porch«i.  13  onyTTxeii  with  bactliiiscgts. 
and  f  Licetl  tha^re  at  the  ame  cnxue  with 
th^  r-r«i'V«  -  *rre*n  aT;d  orher  LX)t*Tr::aI 
fittinz^  by  Mr.  Kentbll  of  Eieter.  aboct 
1S21,  *!'*  of  wl.ich  are  entirely  at  rariaace 
w:th  the  cbarActcr  of  th^  baiMlnir.  Tfce 
old  wo*  drTi  p.of  of  the  ch^nceU  nare,  and 
ftiflle,  with  the  p'arter  which  corered  it, 
bafl  U-en  rerputly  removed,  \  1S61,>  and  the 
or.'^nul  character  of  the  r»>3f  well  aotl 
ably  re>^tored  under  the  direction  of  Sir 
W.  P.  Carew. 

In  1313,  we  find  by  BUbop  Staple^on's 
Respitter  that  a  su.all  ordin  ition  was  htrUl 
in  thia  church,  but  the  original  bailding 
mnat  claim  a  greater  age.  A  Sir  Stephen 
dc  ilaccombe  is  mentioned  by  Sir  William 
Pule,  aa  living  27  Henry  III.  (1242),  and 
he  may  have  been  the  founder  of  the 
church.  In  the  epiaccpate  of  Biahop 
GrandiMon.  July  19,  1328,  thia  cbnrch 
with  its  two  altars  was  dedicated,  probably 
on  accriunt  of  certain  alterations  and  im- 
provcraenta  then  completed  by  Sir  Stephen 
de  Haccombo,  who  is  supposed  to  have 
died  about  1330. 

The  tombs  and  brasses  at  Haccombe, 
memorials  of  the  Hacoombes,  L*Arch- 
de<M.'nc8,  Courtencys,  and  Carews,  are  both 


tftbiinf(  fragments  of  early  stained  glass     numerous  and  handsome ;  the  most  ancient 


ihttt  onnnot  Ikj  later  than  1311,  and  may 
}}9  niueb  earlier. 

The  south  d^Mjr  is  of  maHnivo  oak,  very 
ftnclent,  and  on  it  were  formerly  four 
home-slioes,  nRiIc<l  in  form  of  a  rpiatrcfoil, 
and  probably  plact'd  there  to  guard  agHitist 
wltcheraA,  a  superstition  not  confined  to 
])evon«hIrr. 

Over  the  westrrn  ]M>rrh  entrance  ia 
»  bi'lMurrvt,  which,  togrther  with  the 


of  which  is  that  of  a  warrior  of  the  Hac- 
coml>e  family,  of  exquisite  design  and  f  x- 
ccntion.  A  diminuti\'e  effigy  of  a  youth, 
carved  in  alabaster,  supposed  to  repre- 
sent a  son  of  Sir  Hugh  do  Courteney  and 
Philippa  his  wife,  who  died  at  an  early 
age  at  Oxford,  excited  especial  interest. 

The  objects  of  interest  in  Haccombe 
Church  are  more  numerous  than  is  often 
found  in  so  small  a  compass;   although 


1861.] 


British  Arcftisological  Association. 


SC9 


there  19  reofion  to  believe  there  were  a 
itill  greater  number  of  memorials  in  for- 
mer dttVB,  aB  Leiaiidj  in  his  *'  Uiiierarv/* 
iayfl  there  are  '*  dirers  fair  t,Ofiibeii  of  the 
Lorccdeknesot  Raccombei"  bnt  that  U\x\\\-j 
is  uow  represented  by  one  torah  only. 

The  Societies!  returned  to  Newton,  and 
thence  proceeded  to  Coin pt on  CTLdtle, 
whicbj  however,  is  more  a  fortified  mutior- 
Jiotiso  thim  a  castle;  it  once  formed  the 
Jwelliog  of  the  ancient  families  of  Conjp- 
II nd  Gilliert.  A  heavy  ninchico luted 
ltd  lofty  nrched  giitcway  occupies  the 
©ntrc»  on  the  south  side  of  which  is  that 
ort^on  of  the  ancient  building  made 
nbittihle  for  farming  pnrpo8«s.  On  the 
orth,  tlie  elegant  tiistem  window  of  the 
thiipid  displays  itself,  and  the  whole  is 
anked  by  two  square  towers. 
The  first  remarkable  feature  ia  the  very 
numerous  and  curious  bnrtiznns*  or  ma- 
chicoluteil  projections,  which  hang  out  over 
and  protect  the  doors  and  windows. 

The  chapel  is  about  20  ft.  by  14  ft.  6  in^ 
and  20  ft.  in  lieight.  On  the  north  side 
of  the  chapel  are  two  doorways  aflarding 
an  entrance  into  the  tower,  which  is  pre- 
anmed  to  have  been  tli«  priest's  chamber. 
The  minoa«  Imildinifs  in  a  western 
dtrectton  mnrk  tbe  extent  of  tliut  portion 
of  C'omptoo  Castle.  On  the  so  nth  si  do 
^he  kitchen  and  offices  are  very  perfect. 
eo<liug  from  the  kitchen,  and  entering 
ruinous  building;  near  tbe  south-east 
endf  way  be  observed  a  curious  contri- 
vance, 0^00  ooveriMi  by  the  fliHtring*,  for 
conccflUng  property  in  tiroes  of  danger, 
llie  msnor  of  Compton  wns  ht:ld  by 
olf,  in  the  reign  of  Edward  the  Con- 
or j  nnd  at  the  time  of  the  Doniesdny 
Survey  V»y  Stephen,  under  Joel  de  Tot- 
ndse.  In  the  time  of  Henry  II.  it  was 
the  residence  of  Sir  Maurice  de  Pole, 
sitler  which  the  Lady  Alice  de  Pt'lc  gave 
it  to  Peter,  surnamed  of  Compton.  in 
whose  family  it  remained  seven  genera* 
tions.  The  eastle  and  estates  were  con- 
i  Ifffyctl,  thn^ugh  an  heiress,  to  the  Gilberts 
'mnp,  Edward  [1.,  who  retained  posses* 
^  lion  until  the  Isttizr  part  of  the  laat 
century. 

From  Compton  the  party  proceeded  to 
Torr  Abbcy^  where  a  modern  manaiou 


occupie«  much  of  the  old  »jte.  Mr.  Ash- 
worth*  iirchitcct,  re«d  a  paper,  from  which 
it  aiqKHircd  rhat  the  al>l»ey  was  founded 
in  1196  by  William  Briwere,  who  placed 
in  it  a  eanon  and  six  brethren  of  the  Nor* 
berline  order.  After  some  changes  of 
proprietorship,  the  property  came  into  the 
hands  of  the  Carys,  of  Cockingtou,  near 
Torbay,  its  present  possessors. 

The  chief  retnains  are  a  large  galeway, 
which  flanks  the  fnmt  of  the  modern 
mansion.  It  tuw  two  nrehcnl  jmssages  of 
ditferent  height*,  built  tjf  red  rock,  vnulted, 
and  having  rude  chamfered  rili*  with  cor- 
bels nnd  b<isiea  rudely  carved  with  the 
abbey  arms,  those  of  tbe  founder,  Rri- 
werc,  of  Mobun,  and  Spcke.  In  Leland*s 
time  thtTe  were  three  gatehonsea  stand- 
ing, one  of  which  fell  about  ninety  years 
since. 

North  of  the  remaining  gnteway  ex- 
tend two  rang'S  of  buildings  erectetl  on 
a  vaultcil  basement,  indeed  quite  a  crypt, 
the  groining  springing  here  and  there 
from  shafts  abont  four  feet  in  lieighfc, 
and  lighted  by  deeply  splayed  smal)  win- 
dows. In  one  place  we  find  a  good  Kurly 
English  base  and  dog-tooth  enrichment, 
datiug  perhaps  as  early  as  1200.  The  en* 
trance  to  these  vaults  is  through  a  door- 
way in  front  of  the  tower.  In  this  place 
IS  a  twodight  tniceried  window  of  De- 
corated date.  Through  this  tower  a  stair* 
css«  ascends  to  a  door  which  admita  to  a 
BUiall  apartniuiit  with  a  trough  or  sink  of 
stone,  and  arched,  which  was  doubtless 
the  lavatory  near  tbe  entrance  to  the  re- 
fectory. Thb  is  now  the  Komnn  Catholic 
Chapel,  or  rather  was,  before  the  Church 
of  the  Aflsnmption  was  built  on  Wnlden 
HilL  Until  the  passing  of  »n  Act  of  Par- 
liament in  1779  in  favour  of  Romiin  Ca- 
tholic worship,  the  clmpel  wsis  a  place  of 
concealment  in  the  roof,  and  Mr,  ileorg© 
Cury  at  that  time  convertcil  this  refectory, 
then  used  as  a  laundry,  int^  a  chapel. 

Eastward  of  the  chapel  are  some  nirns, 
prtibably  connected  with  the  central  tower. 

On  the  site  of  the  east  tnd  of  the  choir 
are  imsU  portions  of  window-Jamba,  and 
A  south  chapel  or  aisle^  with  part  of  a 
newel  staircase,  and  a  piscina  with  cir* 
cnhir  arch.     From  these  remains  of  tliQ 


MO  Anfufuarian  aiid  LUvrcry  Jnti'IIif/enrer. 


[Sot. 


I'hiirrl..  ii  Will",  nm^  -ini:  imunl.  niiil  ii;  il 
i^  w'l.  Ii    NiiniKii.  liiiiirwin.  v  i:  t.  n   snitill 

V  :iiii.i»  Oil  t'Mi'ki  Mill.  'lilt  liiioruux  Iiiik 
ttirii  vft'fiiiiii:  iiiiMiiiiitiirN.  I'lirruH:  in.  liint 
Hliiit'.v.  :iiiil  'lilt    i«iiiiii«Uh  two. 

\.i:  liiT  fvimt  lilt  Hill  irii!t'wii\  ih  o 
iT^'-nit'i  -  i"  i»»n..  iliKiTPis-i;  \\\  Mmif  nimlj'ni 

i«,>.|-.i(    V!liili>««>    I>    I'lTli!    lilt    Sl:i:M(f«.  U'tlP 

V  i.i.i  :lil^  t'liii  iMiu.inic  ll■l^  Uw.  cuii- 
iiT-.i'ii      \:  i>  ;i!i.«\i    li'-.'  itf-:   :ii   li".ii::li. 

A  i-'mIu-'UM.  i»!  !V\  .  w  tiii'l.  illl^  in  iTirr.iW  r. 
lilt  tniiiii'.i'.c-  ii'n-x t".r. -^  II  inTitv:  \  u*u  o:  ;ln 
)nl::rt■>!«t'^  iii  *tit  siiit'>  inu'.  tMiiis.  ii!>  vi>U 
u>  ".In  : h'^t  r^.wuTs.  niu'.  :iii  ui«:.i*;i  Hniifk. 
TiK  it:i:i  k^t  ::>.]>  Ini'iiiiin:  :r.«*.H*ar>  ;i  ih* 
lili.Mi*.  Mil  n.Kiiiit  X  'iitt   i  .r.v.'.f..  )»cri  hx 

Aiii.nii:  "lilt  rff.i-iU  ii-;'s*'rt  fk;  i\\  'I.tt 
A";-. 117  .".It  v.iiM-.; l.nl^  :ti:i:  !»."."iit  •r{';-"kt»d 
it:i. !.»•>.  i.ini'.-.iii:  I.  ;uir:  .»:  :iu  >:»!.i.isl 
A'Ui.'u::..  Vt'-t  ;•.''..!. '.if..  :i  *.  :.;^  '.'U.i^i'.ic. 
v:  I'l  :>»>  1. «;*:/.  >  .ii«:u-.iit\.  l.ir  .:  ;in  'r.'ut 
\V  '.lit  *«".i-.:.;si   :tsm. 

■f -.'.".  1  .'-^  A. ■:»!'*  V.i:  -.Mk-^t  •^»:if.-.-iv.  :v 
^^  !•:«.  >  .!.•;•.•.  -.1.  :  :if  ^:.r:.":l„.  1  .r-.  iict . 
¥  in'^.    .u'.i.-.M'.i":    !:ii..    :n«tT    '.^••.■•.lur!-..    i.ztL 

:.;ii  r»  f.  .:;i:  '.r*.'*  :;£  1  f**  V  :•:  :  ii:  .»;-£■:»« 
vv.n  .•:''  ":>".i.';«:m:'..  ;.:•':•:•:  :.  T.ii:  >::.;■•*:.. 
fc.-;.  : .t.^k  '.lit  :.•>■.  :r»..:  ; .  'ia:''.-.^-  Z":*-. 
snT.-.u  ji.itr .  .-.■nis-.s":  .^tf  .ic  i.  .•.!. :  :•::-.:». 
Tr,K*t*t^,^t^  '.  .•."m  .ii:*: :  Li-s  ".r-.-j:— u..  r.-.  ".7 
1  w  .  .'Stf  ii.!':.;  *  .  i:"»  iT"..  i.:t..  ■  .Kj.n  .":  ■-,»■. 
Vn:  :  ;.i>  uif.^i:'!.*  lmL  .■*.■.—;  i".:>  :»7....".  :^:  v  i.». 
Mi?r.«:V.«'«  -.1  w.  :  u— 's':  i.'.i."  ;•..>•.  1-1  1.  r.iia- 
.l«r  ":iMl  w.mK  ./:..«  ".m.T;i  v:«*:  .■:i;:,.lf:»t 
V.  *.r«.ni.nn»w  :  "•.:  ii:r  1  :i.m»:*#r  1:  '..nut  u 
4P:<:;»:MiN>C.fn.  jik. >...'!;£  ■.«.iL.'ii£  .n  :.ir  :i:i. - 
"nr^C  .n.7  li»  1  T.»!M.1:*  .f  .-I.... lie  ".-It! 
!i»*.i.tl.-*r    :.      li*    T.':'l..'N     ."  :r''.MI.  -.;£    -wiuz 

«     .-«-'ia»     .-«:r     Mt;     it:>.-.lli:     £|..iit        i.ltL     Itf 

5a«7  i:ii  T.r  »w:  "i.nf  .T:ri.r  "ii^y  vjr- 
•ini.'*inmrT<.im  .t  ".li:  -1  »r.'ni:»!  .f  1  -:i.iO.:iu. 
TiM  u/ •  Lr  .11  "!r  .iwrr^'rii,  n  i  .i:*::;.:t 
«•/  1  rrrirfiii,  •  r.  »  iiiiH.irii:;*:!-'  i  :!ia:.»:!« 
'juf.  L  -n_iiCi;r7  »  ".:ir'i«¥n  *v  :r  '..im  .••inuii* 
biuiiiiiiie.  uvi  -ii!>r.iii:r  Lmioi  tr  ?::.  .>i'i:r)itt:>'« 
4rt  TiKnruiinifii  .n  i.iu  .'iiirm.r  »  ii-«?«»ir>k ' 
A"  linj  ■!v»;nif!ic  n«^'  ii.r  Vi  ■  I.iiwi;n 
pv«ii  fc  T«pi:r  in  ■.!!«  *  L' 11)111  iiiMii.-*!  M.'^^. 
til  "iiM  Br-riwi  M  meum. '  imi  Mr.  ?  .■. 
tl  ir.i:iiiiiaun.  /t'  Stiinuuui,  uiutaifr  in  'im 


-■iM'.  i*:i.  i:\rrnHToy  to  Tirnnoy. 

Till  A-^Hriu'imi  priMtv«W  by  niilway 
tr  Tivt-;jn..  wiifrt,  in  the  1  own-ball.  iKe 
lM'^  .1  H.  lliurbch  rcHd  a  pafter  im  tLe 
Cnun-b.  mill   Ih".  G.  A.  Poleraon   one  ou 

Tin  I'ininii  if  dfdirtitfd  tn  St.  Pckt. 
Tin  ]»!i"»sii  wn».  ilividfi]  Utwt»*'n  tbf  Vfun 
n  »<•  inui  11  Tit'  iiitc  tbf  four  ]iri'lHnidxl 
pi»-:i.»ii>  tif  I'iri.  c'inre.  Twlcmilie.  and 
]r\,r  Tin  i'hun'L  wa«i  disUnioTtKl  a  C'»lle- 
rwiit  i»iu  h.  iiishtM  Iln»iit»*pf»njlH'>  rectf- 
if*.  uiu:  v:l^  j!.-  nitiiti.med  iii  Tai.iiiT'f 
Ai..-..-  ..  li:.u:»ii;  (It  lledrtTh.  ^h('  mv- 
pit'Lhu.  liu'ijii-d.  riinn:':!!  1:  of  IJwir*  1..  i'o 
»  ii.ni  :ht  nsniKr  iif  Tivittoii  »'u>  crai  Ti\i.) 
f.'Kiii'ifL.  tilt  ;ir»  ir«  nf  St  •lanu^fv.  tieu 
V  %:•:«»:  :niJ  iiiiiit'\t*d  ii  ti  the  preat 
v.'j::::::i;  v.i  »;.«■«: j^-i  of  Si.  \I«irt:i:,  near 
l\.":s  ';7  *»:n  a'.':»c  ;r  ri*.  dui-ed  »ij  irtly 
WT.r-:  ".•♦:•.  b:  r-!k:i.:»c  t.'fpardf  tilt  ^let- 
T-:*  V.  b  i/iiuatf  a:  iiif  iri.irT  liie  nb.'le 
ri.:.".-:    .1:   T M-rr.vt..  v.il  uL  21*  aypoTrf- 

lJU^i.':»s  A^.t-  ni?^T'.iT..:X  liif  SCllWCTH^I 
^U.T~. r,;uC':     M    :  Ii:    li  f*."^    ilXL.'..}  .  tui    K.:- 

i^:^.•,\^.'^^  »  :•'  1 1ts  ■.  .I'.i'C^iisiyi.  1:1,111  the 
fcT:i./:i.i:-  .r  rlt^.-r  Mi-- .712*  :•'  Lxfur  it 
17..".?.  :ii:  .1  ;.-:•:  v»  as»!cr;>.  i.  TW 
■|:«i£:i  .»-  ::.:  .•:;».-. i.-f-  »  »;  f^i  .  .if  :^ 
i.*«:  rl  -:•!■:  :r»:-M.r. !  .t  u**  ."Uk:i:%-- l2i1 
i.?^-'^  *i  ■".»!':  i»:'vriT  .L  ::••■«?.  ITiifrt. 
r*!!:  •■:■  i::  .<"  iitf  r'-i:i.ii;«i   itin^r.ur  r»r  lirf 

^i-.OJi  :ii:  ^i.*.-..«.n  .f  "!•:  LIIiTajlu  fZik:« 
Wat  ■:.:•.  1  •*:'.■■  T.'i  izii  .-;rajxii'i:i.i*i.  "CTtix* 
r':»f  m.ft  kTi/i::i:  {"^..iir.jBf  "iitfc^sr^*  :c  li* 
::!  i."*;-:  tuif^  :■:.  f-.m  "ci«;i.tl:it;^  i^'ii^iacf, 
71  ii:-:  .(■  »j.i;'.:  uui  jiai  ":r:iari=  ".■  i:rl3 
i>rn\£  ",*-.  :ivr  -  •K-.x'i.r.jrn  ;r  "uu  iirn:. 
"..lu.:  :  It:  X  .-ruiLZ  .-j  xr-:ix  luii  tr.rzr.i'fl 
3 a.".  .»  :.:•;  •« :  j  .f  "r.ii;  TP^sonr  Jiuliinf.  liT 
■•  i.i.:i  ^.ii;  ii.ra  ii.t.i-vi'.  ir  Ski  a  «riir- 
-ir-.  *  '..\*i  .n."  f::»c.nir  Ti-f.  »in  *.:i*s 
ZA.^f  j'.i'.ir.a   •■»  r^niair*-!   iv  in   in.as-^i 

rjM.-iT'' .  mii  iii'Mic  J««n  i*li.'»v  j«i  -.; 
Si.I  zi&i  iiM^im^.  v:i»  iuiy  r>;piiir':a. 
4nix  ".:i«  ■:  »»»t  luiir.  «jr/  n  ~ae  i:"»^nrli 
'rr'ir-jrv.  ."■jini  .-rvt-nvr'.  n  1  jIT  srict  .hi 
.i.>  iwiiir..!'!!  ui.nuiUfnioi  :iiu|]e>.  ."i^  jniit.'«i 
■:  i«  viitii  il'  Mii  Sviii a  i:&«»  TT-ui  ".:iir'.--ix 
5J  '.-wiinry -:♦ ,  q.^r.  .".-it.iP^i  :au  r-.i^u- 
<icr*H:n.  4niL  Hmiicinifd  ~jiii  :!iiiDi.'*!?i  -  ir*:n. 
Tim  '-'iiuTeniiy  •.'laiw',  lu  T»f«(iH!nr:v   li- 


1861.] 


British  Archaological  Association. 


611 


ladc'd  to  hy  local  Li  a  ton  an  b.  occupied  the 
site  of  the  present  veatry  ;  and  nnothiT 
^chapel,  Wlonglng  to  the  KhHs  of  Davon, 
Isnd  ntiMitioTHid  in  the  will  of  Kiithcnne, 
CouTitcstt  of  Devon  nnd  youngest  dnugh- 
ter  of  Ed  wan!  the  Fourtlt,  formerly  Jf<x)d 
in  the  Bootb  aiale.  where  the  seats  claimed 
by  Sir  Wjilhtif  Carew,  as  ovmer  of  Tiver- 
I  ton  Ca.4lle,  now  gtaiid.      "Dm  chapel  was 
r  deinolishetl  hi  the  time  of  KUzabeih.    Wal- 
ter Colk's,  precentor  of  Exeter,  by  bis 
will,  ppwed  li&3,  loft  to  the  cbarcb  of 
'fiverton  hig  new  M'tasal  and  forty  shillings. 
Mp.  Levien  inspected  ihe  Missal,  which 
l^iis  fineTy  written  and  beautifully  illmtii- 
'  Hated,   He  said  it  was  not  a  Mi^sal  proj>er, 
and   iij»pejirtd  only   to    contain   pruyeri. 
He  should  be  very  hftppy  to  examine  it 
Cfifcfully  if  sent  to  the  British  Mnseum. 
Ot  the  CW  le  it  was  stated  that  a  c«»tlo 
r  w*8  \miK  at  Tiverton  in  1106,  hy  Riihiird 
jHedver*,  Eiirl  of  Devon,  hut  it  h  quea- 
ttoiiuble  whether  any  portion  of  the  ex- 
L  isting  remuini  \s  of  curlier  date  than  the 
[  Ibiirteenth  century.   Its  higtory  wa^  traced 
own  to  the  present  time^  ini  lading  its 
piege  and  captare  by  Fairfax,  it  having 
llMiro  one  of  the  four  great  RoyaHat  Ktrong* 
olds  in  Devonahire. 

*'  As  to  the  existing  remains,  altbongb 
pmncb  broken  down  and  defaced,  an  in- 
spection of  them  will  autficiently  corrobo- 
[  ftite  l)nnsford*s  statement  in  his  *  History 
I  of  Tiverton,*  that  the  Castle  was  at  nome 
f  |«ist  i>eriod  a  range  of  buildings  nearly 
qtiiidn*ngiilftr,  enclosing  nn  area  of  about 
'  Itn  lUTC,  nrid  having  a  round  tower  at  the 
I  •outh»ea»t^    north  *  ca-nt,    and   north  -  west 
L  iin|2;lc!i,  and  a  equure  one  at  the  south-weat. 
I  Ihe  entrance  wnrfi  a  great  pat^^way  tmder 
|ji  large  square  tower  projecting  from  the 
wntre  of  the  east  front,  and  there  appears 
I  to  have  been  a  square  tower  or  buAtion 
l«Dmewhut  corresponding  to  it  jultln^  out 
[in  like   roanuer   from  the  centre  of  the 
[  VI all  t4)wnrds  the  west.     The  westi  rn  wnU 
rlpas  tmdt  on  a  steep  declivity,   rising  to 
fftbont  sixty  feet  from  the  river  Exe,  which 
Ibrnied  a  natural  defence  on  that  side. 
On  the  north  the  ground  was  also  high 
and  broken,  but  probably  strengthened 
by   mounds  and    defensive  outworks,  of 
which  sofiie  remains  niuy  still  l>e  trared- 
On    the   south,   separating   it   from    the 
churchyard,    was  a  moat,   crcH»ed  by  a 
^dfmwbridcc.     The  eiist  fr^mt  wa«  in  like 
defended  by  a  wide  moial  and  a 


drawbridge  opposite  to  the  principal  en- 
trance. It  is  now  HlU-d  up,  and  tnivenkd 
by  the  new  Tond  leading  to  Holliam  and 
Diilvorton,  One  of  the  streets  of  the 
town  raiining  parallel  with  the  eastern 
wall  of  the  ciistlc,  at  the  distance  of  eighty 
or  a  hundred  yards,  now  bears  the  name 
of  *  Frog-street/  possibly  in  coinmeuio* 
ration  of  the  musical  dcijiKcns  of  this 
moat  J  and  the  rojui  outside  the  churchyard 
wall  on  the  east  is  called  the  '  WorkV,*  n 
nflme  which  it  no  doubt  derives  from 
having  been  the  sito  of  some  of  the  ex- 
ternal defences  of  the  castle.  Of  the 
north  side  of  the  c^istle,  including  the 
tnewer  at  the  north-east  anplc,  we  have 
few  or  no  trace*,  owirj^,  in  all  probuhility, 
to  the  circumstance  that  a  modern  honae 
has  Wen  built  upon  it  contiguous  to  the 
caalle* and  in  great  meiisnr©  out  of  the  old 
mat^Tials,  and  the  gardens  and  garden 
walls  have  also  bem  laid  out  on  that  side. 
On  the  west,  overlooking  the  steep  b  title 
alxjve  the  river,  we  have  rat  rely  the  lower 
portion  of  the  ext+*mal  wall,  forming  a 
garden  ttmice^walk,  bat  leavint?  distinctly 
tractable  the  exterior  outlines  of  the 
castle  on  that  side.  Whither  thei'e  ever 
was  more  njMn  the  western  side  than  a 
high  defensive  wall  with  strong  buttresses 
and  a  ceutral  bastion  lower  we  have  no 
evidence  :  I  am  inclined  to  think  there 
was  not.  The  eentral  biistion,  however, 
presents  some  features  of  interest.  In  the 
thickness  of  its  wall  in  the  south  t^st 
corner  is  a  regularly  built  oblong  shaft, 
aljout  two  feet  in  diiimeter,  wbicb  com* 
tniininitcs  with  a  chsimber  below.  Acoeei 
can  be  obtained  to  this  chamt'tr  from  the 
outride  by  means  of  a  semicircrtilar  arched 
opening,  just  large  enough  for  a  man  to 
crawl  through,  situated  at  the  btise  of  the 
bastion  wall,  and  somxwhat  south  ward  of 
its  centre.  JSeveral  persons  now  living 
have  entered  the  chauibc^r  by  this  way, 
and  dcscnlw  it  as  a  lotty  aparttnciit,  at 
the  further  end  of  which  were  three  rude 
archways  bltH'ked  up  with  rnbbijih.  They 
were  bel  cved  to  be  the  openiugj^  of  Hubter- 
rane^^us  psssages  leadint;  under  the  ci>urt- 
yard  UiManls  ihe  t^iwer^  at  the  north* 
east,  south-east,  and  south-west  angles." 

Dr.  Pator>on  then  gave  a  description  of 
the  remains  still  standing  on  the  east  and 
south  aisles. 

The  pafiers  having  been  snltably  ac< 
knowledged,  the  Association  visiti-d  the 
large  and  finely  restored  Chnrdu  and  then 
the  extensive  niius  of  the  Castle,  They 
then  proceeded  by  the  railway  to  CuU 
lompton,  to  visit  the  Cborch,  which  wtm 


512 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Nov. 


•tated  by  Mr.  Roberta  to  be  of  Saxon 
foundation.  The  manor  with  Ma  cburch 
was  referred  to  by  King  Alfred,  who  be- 
queathed it  to  his  son  Ethel  ward.  Wil- 
liam the  Conqaeror  gave  the  chnrch, 
which  was  coihgiate,  with  its  five  pre- 
bends, to  the  Abbot  and  Convent  of  Battle, 
in  Sussex.  It  was  afterwards  bestowed 
on  the  Priory  of  St.  Nicholas,  Exeter. 
The  manor  waa  subsequently  granted  by 
Bichard  I.  to  Richard  de  aifford.  It  was 
afterwards  held  by  the  Earls  of  Devon; 
and  Isabel  de  Fortibns,  Countess  of  Devon, 
gave  it  to  the  Abbot  and  Convent  of  Buck- 
land.  After  the  Dissolution  it  was  granted 
to  George  St.  Leger,  since  which  time  it 
passed  through  many  hands.  The  lord 
of  the  manor  had  formerly  the  power  of 
life  and  death.  The  church,  dedicated  to 
St.  Andrew,  (described  in  the  cartulary  of 
St.  Nicholas  Priory  aa  St.  Mar}-,)  has  a 
lofty  pinnacled  tower,  with  handsome 
windows  and  a  peal  of  eight  bells.  It  has 
seyeral  interesting  monumental  decora- 
tions on  the  exterior.  Under  the  tower 
is  kept  a  curious  carved  wood  Calvary, 
which  is  said  to  have  been  erected  over 
the  rood-loft,  and  to  have  contained  cru- 
cifixes. The  beautiful  and  highly  ornate 
screen  and  roodloft  at  once  strikes  the 
beholder,  on  entering  the  church.  It  has 
recently  been  carefully  restored,  in  a  man- 
ner which  redounds  to  the  credit  of  those 
who  have  subscribed  towards  the  cost; 
but  the  tone  of  colouring  is  rather  too 
gorgeous  to  be  in  keeping  with  the  rest 
of  the  edifice,  llie  Decorated  roof  is  really 
beautiful,  and  the  portion  over  the  chan- 
cel has  been  well  re«tored.  The  Lane 
Chapel  on  the  south  side  is  a  very  hand- 
some addition  to  the  church.  Tlie  tower 
has  been  thrown  open  to  the  nave,  and  the 
organ  placed  on  one  side,  so  as  to  leave 
the  western  window  in  vie^v.  The  but- 
tresses in  the  south  ait>les  had  been  added 
since  the  erection  of  Lane's  Clapel. 

The  AsiKK'iation  having  thoroughly  in- 
spected this  very  handsome  church,  car- 
riages were  taken  for 

Bkidfield  House, 
about  two  miles  from   Cullompton,   the 
seat  of  khe  Walroud  family  for  centuries, 
6 


a  fine  Elizabethan  mansion,  which  has 
recently  been  restored  by  Mr.  J.  Hay  ward, 
of  Exeter.  Here  the  Association  were 
mft  by  upwards  of  two  hundred  of  the 
mte  of  the  county,  who  had  been  invited 
to  join  them.  The  members  were  re- 
ceived by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Walrond,  and 
conducted  to  a  large  marquee,  where 
a  very  elegant  repast  was  provided.  After 
this  had  been  done  justice  to,  the  com- 
pany adjourned  to  the  hall,  where  Mr. 
Hay  ward  gave  a  description  of  the  edifice. 
He  said:— 

*'  He  felt  a  difficulty  in  giving  antiqua- 
rian interest  to  his  subject,  as  there  were 
no  remains  of  very  aneient  work  in  the 
manor-house,  and  unfortunately  he  had 
not  been  able  to  meet  with  any  records 
of  its  early  history.  Of  the  antiquity  of 
a  house  at  Bradfield,  however,  there  could 
be  no  doubt,  as  Ricliard  de  Bradfintle  in 
the  time  of  Henry  II.  had  his  dwelling  in 
this  place,  and  the  property  is  stated  by 
Sir  William  Pole,  in  his  Collections,  to  have 
come  into  possession  of  Richard  Walrond 
in  the  early  part  of  Henry  III.'s  reign. 
It  must,  however,  have  been  prior  to  this; 
as  by  the  original  deed,  which  is  still  ex* 
taut,  Bradfield  was  granted  by  Fulke 
Paynel  to  Richard  Walrond,  and  Fulke 
Paynel's  son  was  in  poesession  of  his 
fa  her*8  property  in  the  first  year  of  Henry 
IIL  Paynel  was  lord  of  Bampton,  and 
the  family  was  succeeded  by  the  Cog^ana. 
Almost  the  only  record  of  the  house  ia 
that,  in  1332,  John  Wahrond  obtained 
a  licence  for  his  oratory  at  Bradfield, 
a  proof  of  the  position  of  the  fiimily  at 
that  time,  and  of  the  house  being  then 
of  some  importance.  Lysons  states  that 
many  heiresses  married  into  this  fiunily, 
and  that  a  younger  branch  of  it  was  set- 
tled at  Bovey  during  several  descenta. 
The  heiress  of  this  branch  married  the  late 
Lord  Rolle. 

"  The  earliest  part  of  the  present  house 
is  the  fine  hall,  which,  however,  with  the 
exception  of  the  roof,  has  been  much 
altered,  for  in  prosecuting  the  rtcent 
repairs,  jambs  of  earlier  windows  were 
discovered  in  the  walls,  and  one  o1'  them 
proved  the  existence  of  a  window  where 
the  porch  now  stands.  The  roof,  however^ 
may  be  said  to  exist  in  its  integrity,  tor 
although  new  timbers  have  been  inserted 
where  the  old  ones  were  decayed,  and  new 
carvings  in  exact  imitation  of  the  old 
have  been  substituted  for  those  which 
were  rotten,  every  possible  care  was  taken 
to  preserve  all  that  could  remain:   so 


18GI.] 


Brituh  Archaological  Association. 


5ia 


much  was  tbit  the  coiie,  that  nit  hough  the 
roof  wa^  greatly  tiunk  lu  pLu:es,  none  of  it 
was  titkeD  down,  but  it  wna  raited  to  n 
true  k'vel  and  thoroughly  repaired.  The 
Bubftidence  of  the  roof  wa^  ^mrily  oec»- 
sioncd  by  one  of  the  trtjs»c«  resting  on  an 
onk  lintel  over  a  very  wide  window  of 
et^ht  ligbta,  and  an  this  window  wub 
evidently  of  later  date  tbuii  tbo  roof,  no 
hc»itatiun  wa^  felt  in  altering  it  by  building 
a  solid  pier  to  support  the  roof  and  making 
two  window*  of  moderate  width  in  lieu  of 
one  ofjfreat  breath.  This  has  been  the  only 
alteration  made  in  tbe  bull,  everytliiii|^ 
qUv  having  biM.'n  Mrrupulouiily  retained. 

*'Aa  WMA  before  remarked,  the  ball  it 

evidently  the  tmrlieat  part  of  tbe  buuse, 

and  it  was  erect  ihI  most  ptt)bubly  cttber 

at  the  latter  end  of  tbe  fifteenth  or  tbe 

b^itmiog  of  tbe  aiittentb  century  j  tbe 

remainder  of  tbe  house  is  of  tbe  period  of 

Elizabeth  and  Jamea  I.    Tlie  liall  is  about 

44  feet  long,  22  wide,  and  35  h%h ;  and 

it  baa  itH  entrance  porub,  itn  screen  with 

r «  minatreV  gallery  over,  its  dais  and  ita 

ay  or  receaa  at  tbe  easteni  end  uf  tbe 

Ui.     At  the  end  ii  tbu  draMing-ruom, 

IS  feet  by  20,  uith  ita  rich  and  quaint 

I«tirving6  and  omauiinital  ceiling ;  and  two 

ither  nx>ii)B  complete  tbe  north  front  of 

I  the  building.     The  south  front  contnlnecj 

i  nityiiiing  rooui  or  parlour^  tbe  prineipHl 

the   buttery    with    ita   cuHouii 

fttch   (which   Li  still   retained)   openlug 

Elnto  tbe  bull,  and  ihe  kitchen  with  the 

luaual  very  large  fire-place.     Tbe  n«  of 

Icaniue  or  human  tomsplta  waa  dis{)en»ed 

I  With,  and  a  small  stream  of  water  at  the 

de  of  the  kitchen  turned  a  small  whtfel 

irhich  set  tbe  spita  in   motion  ;   be^yond 

[the  kitchen  were  various  offices  now  de- 

[ftruyed." 

After  having  more  ftiTly  dencribed  tbe 

ous©,  Mr.  Hay  ward  said  ••  that  he  might 

ave    then    dosed  his    remarks,    but    M 

[the    President,   Sir   Staffurd   11.   Kurtb- 

ote,   in  his  in;iugural  uddresite^,  observed 

f  that  one  of  tlie  iu»es  of  archieology  was 

I  to  retain  what  wa*  good  that  it  might 

1^  adapted  to  modem  wants,   he  hi>|>ed 

1^  shoiild  be  pardoDed  if  he  briefly  de- 

Mcribed  what  had  been  done   with  this 

liObjeet  at  Bradfield.     lie  then  |Hjmted  out 

alteratlous   that  bad  been  made   by 

ubstitutVng    bay    windows   for    openings 

hat   were   fitUd   with   common   wooden 

liasbea,  and  tbe  manner  in  which  the  mo&o- 

ony  vf  tbe  north  and  south  tronts  wa»  re- 

Ijicvcd  by  gables  over  windows,  projecting 

l^iera  under  chimney  shafts,  and  n  projecting 

Korch  with  rooms  over.     Every  room  of 

itlie  old  house  has  been  retained  except 

^tbe  kitcbeti  and  buttery,  and  ai  thiMe  had 

QEKT.MAa.  VOL.CCXI. 


a  southern  nspe(;t,  so  desirable  in  this 
northern  climate,  they  were  removed,  and 
a  family  room  subaLiiuted  for  the  kitchen. 
Tbe  old  jjorcb  being  inconvenient  for  tbo 
approach  of  carriages,  a  new  entrance  was 
made  in  the  s<iuth  Iroiit,  nnd  this,  together 
with  a  diuall  room,  occupies  the  space 
formerly  used  for  the  butterj'.'* 

In  conclusion,  Mr.  ll^yward  said  *'  that 
he  alone  was  responsible  for  the  defecU 
and  nu'rits,  whatever  they  might  be,  of 
tbe  restoration  of  this  (tne  old  nuin<»r- 
house,  Mr.  Walrt^nd  having  most  kindly 
left  everything  to  lu!«  judgment ;  but  that 
tbe  taste  and  »kill  dinplayed  in  Living  out 
tbe  grounds  were  entirely  Air.  Walnmd's 
own,  and  that  much  as  the  pbicv  lujght  Ihi 
admired  now,  his  gri-at  skiK  could  only  be 
properly  appreciated  by  those  who  knew 
firadtield  before  he  tm)\i  it  in  hiind," 

At  the  even  ng  meeting  at  Exeter»  Mr. 
Wright  r«'ad  a  paper,  full  ofcuriouji  matter, 
on  tbe  Municipal  Arcbivea ;  a(Vr  whtch 
Mr*  Petti  grew  read  a  portion  of  h  paper 
by  Sir  Utirdner  Wilkinson  on  D.rtmoor, 
priparatoty  to  the  visit  to  that  district. 
Sir  Gardner  said  that  the  Pbcenidiins  hud 
left  no  records  of  their  private  life  in  the 
neiii;:hboiirhood  of  Dartmoor.  mikI  but  few 
—and  those  of  a  donbtful  character — of 
their  public  works*  It  w«s,  however,  satia- 
fiictory  to  fiud  some  record  of  our  oi*n 
ancestors  still  existing  in  this  p4rt  of  the 
country,  though  they  iMi«sessed  no  encel* 
lence  in  an  architectural  ptnnt  of  view. 
The  rude  miis<tnry  of  tbe  nncien:  llrtrons 
aiTorded  evidence  of  their  skill  in  raising 
ponderous  stones  and  their  soecess  In  for* 
tifying  their  homes,  before  tbe  Itomans 
entirely  sulwlucd  their  nuinly  spirit.  Tbiiie 
were  specinlly  found  in  tb-'  hilly  parts  of 
the  country.  Here  the  nature  of  the 
ground  as^tisted  in  renderiag  the  camps 
secure,  and  the  absence  of  roads  a0br4d 
greater  Njclujion  than  at  prcwnt  they 
possessed.  Even  now,  with  more  easy  ap- 
proach,  directly  the  visitor  left  the  high 
road  he  could  at  once  form  an  iilca  of  the 
lonelinesa  of  that  inhospitable  region  and 
tbe  nalurul  strength  which  the  formation 
of  tbe  country  afforded  in  tbe  resistance 
of  hostile  attack,  Tliat  the  ancient  re- 
mains udght  be  fully  inspected,  one  or  two 
nights  ought  to  be  spent  at  the  moorsrde 
inns.  The  paper  then  prtK^ei-dt-d  to  trent 
of  the  dattlAcatiou  and  cluuracter  of  the 


614 


Antiquaritm  and  Lilerary  Intellifftneer. 


[Not,  ^ 


remaini  on  Dftrtmoor,  the  iBered  drelo* 
Cftimii^  ooneeBtric  drcla,  mwvoam,  barroiri^ 
tOfDoKy  rtoiM  diMta,  cnimlecbi,  loiyg  ftoon, 
logsnik  roek  hoftii,  hut  drdes»  bf^-bi^e 
huU,  &Cr ;  iiid  oompftred  them  with  similar 
Fmiaiiii  in  other  part*  of  the  kingdom* 
Stoodieiige,  for  insUnce*  was  held  to  have 
been  ere2C«d  anterior  to  the  Ikman  m- 
niiaD.  The  inner  circle  was  of  old«r  date 
than  the  outer,  and  of  the  stones  which 
irere  ftated  to  h»ve  been  fortj  la  nnmber 
there  wtre  now  bat  thirty -one.  Stanton 
Drewe,  cum  multu  aliis^  were  spoken  of 
with  an  aathoritj  warranted  bj  personal 
inspection  and  extenst?e  expericnoe  on  the 
enbfect  of  ancient  Brltiah  remains.  ^Itb 
reference  to  the  disputed  points  as  to 
whether  the  circles  were  intended  for  the 
purposes  of  worship,  some  aiaerted  that 
the  worship  of  the  ancient  BriUms,  like 
that  of  the  ScandtnaviiLUi,  forbad  any 
representation  of  deity  or  the  perfonnance 
of  any  rellg^oos  rites  in  any  bnildiug ;  but 
the  SoiiidUuiviflnB  had  stone  cromlcehB 
and  drcIeSf  and  Iceland  was  famed  for  its 
open  teoiples.  The  remains  on  Dartmoor 
were  not  of  Oallic  origin ;  still  less  could 
they  have  been  built  ufler  the  Roman 
Cooqoest.  The  paper  then  reviewed  at 
length  the  ncconiita  given  by  Howe  and 
others.  Sotiio  held  tliat  the  circles  of  stones 
were  nothing  but  sen ts  to  be  used  on  the 
oocAsion  of  a  meeting  of  the  tribe ;  bnt 
their  rough  surfaces  mnit  have  formed 
Tery  nncomfortable  seats,  and  the  greater 
portion  of  the  sitters  must  have  been  out 
of  bearing.  Accurate  measurements  were 
given  of  all  the  remnlns^  the  distance  of 
the  stones  from  each  other,  ^.  As  \jq  the 
caimSt  It  was  still  a  saying  in  >>'iiles,  *'  I 
would  gladly  carry  a  stone  to  his  grave," 
and  at  Uadnor  it  was,  until  ver^  lately, 
the  custom  fur  mourners  to  carry  a  stofie, 
which  tliey  cast  down  ontaide  the  chorcli* 
yard.  The  lateness  of  the  hour  obliged 
Mr.  Pettigrew  to  leave  a  large  part  of 
this  paper  unread,  but  it  will  appe^ir  under 
tbs  Misplces  of  the  Assoeijition,  and  then 
DO  donbi  win  receive  due  attention. 

Aug,  21.  KxcrmstoK  ts>  DABrMorrH. 
A  Urge  party  proceeded  to  Totnts  by 
liie  fftilwiy*  Mid  thenoe  tiy  eteamcr  donii 


the  river  liart,  to  viail  the  eodcni  town 
of  Dartmonth,  with  its  efiiiuua  and  al- 
most Lnnd'locked  harbonr.   After  tunrb  at 
an  hotel,  tlify  proceeded  to  the  Church  of  j 
St.  Saviour^  where  the  screen  wie  aoocill 
admired,  and  considered  to  be  flaer  than 
even  that  at  CuHomx>taii^  The  bnaaee  were 
ootieed,  eopeciaUy  a  tmaU  one  ti  the  date 
of  Henry  VI.,  at  the  cBStem  end  of  the 
north  aisle.     Oa  the  wall  OTcr  this  is  a 
mural  brass  of  Mr.  Tracey^  surgeon*  re- 
cently phuxd,  from  a  design  by  Mjt,  llay- 
ward  of  Exeter.     With  refereuoe  to  thts^ 
Mr.  Davis  spoke  in  t^ms  of  high  praise, 
nying    bow   preferable   It  wee   to  the  I 
wretched  blots    which   diafigured    mogb  \ 
churches.    Such  a  mootunefit«  or  a  neno* 
riui  window,  was  by  far  the  best  mcana  of 
oommenioratUig  the  depart^*    Ilie  chan> 
oel  table  is  stipported  hy  figures  of  the 
four  eviingelists.     The  door  of  the  south  I 
porch   is    covered    with   iron -work — two 
Uom  and  floral  devices.   It  is  dated  1631 ; 
but  Prince  fays  it  is  of  the  date  of  1372^ J 
and  the  later  date  must  have  been  €tm\ 
year  in  which  it  was  repaired.     A  btfige 
body  of  the  Association  then  made  for  the 
Cistle,  proceeding  «loi«g  the  rfmd  on  the 
side  of  the  hill,  from  whence  glim]iecs  wefe 
obtained  of  li^-ely  secuery  both   up  the  i 
Dart  and  towards  the  Uurbonr*s  mooth* 
with  Kingsweirun  the  opposite  shore,  and 
the  bright  waters  of  the  harbonr  dotted 
with  white-sailed  pleasure  boatSi     Only  a  I 
few  of  the  party,  however,  reached  the  1 
castle;  but  they  were  repaid  far  their  ex-  I 
ertlonB  by  the  extensive  ccjast  view  from  I 
the  summit  of  the  rains.     On  their  return  \ 
tiie  party  devoted  some  time  to  Totnsa,  ^ 
which  wrtB  a  phice  of  some  importasuse  in 
Roman   days.     Its  distance)  prevented  a  j 
visit   to   the   mined    keep  of    Judhotrai 
Castle,  btit  (iome  of  the  members  hu 
inspected  the  eViurch,  which  Is  a  bmudaoii 
structure,  in  the  Perpend  ten  In  r  style.  The  1 
stone  fifteenth -century  screen  was  mucb  I 
admired,  as  wcU  aa  the  rood-lofU     On  tlie  | 
chancel  wall  is  a  curious  monument  af  oih 
Christopher  filackall  and  his  lb«xr  wt 
kneeling  in  a  row,  date  1G33. 

At  the  evening  meeting,  Lieut.-Col*' 
IlnrdtDg  road  a  short  [laper  on  a  sIS^ 
ver  coin>  which  liad  been  recently 


10 


Briiiah  Archaeological  Aisociation, 


615 


on  Steep  Holme,  in  the  Brietol 
Channel*  In  the  summer  of  1860,  Lieot- 
Colonel  Bent,  ILE.,  visited  Steep  Hoi  mo, 
witli  R  view  to  the  erection  of  a  battery. 
WliMe  he  was  sar\'eyin^  the  inland  iome 
n  were  engaged  in  the  removal  of  earth 
the  improvement  of  a  garden.  Not 
far  below  tlie  surfnce  they  found  three 
skeletons  laid  side  by  aide,  without  any 
truce  of  ooffioi,  dress,  or  weapons.  Tlie 
bonca  appeared  to  be  the  remains  of  men 
rho  had  died  in  the  full  vi^urof  life,  and 
tie  of  them  must  have  been  of  gignntic 
atnre.  The  sknll  was  remarkable  for  ita 
!  and  fine  development,  while  the  trunk 
nd  linib-honc»  wt*re  so  long  and  massive 
riibat  Colonel  Bont  estimated  the  height  of 
the  living  man  at  fuKy  seven  feet.  After 
,  A  careful  scnreh  they  diii.covered  in  the 
ih,  under  the  tallest  skeleton,  u  piece  of 
oncy,  which  proved  to  be  a  silver  coin  of 
[Ethclwnlf,  the  father  of  Alfred.  It  waa 
rtunately  broken  by  the  labourers,  hut 
ttill  in  such  good  pre«ervBtion  that 
I  obverse  and  reverse  were  very  clear, 
ftnd  correeponding  exactly  with  one  of  the 
L  0otDS  figured  by  Ruding,  p.  30,  No.  IB,  Ap* 
ndix.  We  know  from  the  Saxon  Chro- 
nicle, A.D.  91  S>  that  a  body  of  Norsemen, 
after  ravaging  the  shores  of  the  Bristol 
Channel,  took  refuge  from  the  Saxon  fleet 
on  Steep  Holme,  where  many  perished 
from  hunger  j  and  he  conceived  it  very 
probablti  that  theB«  men  had  been  of  the 
uniber. 

The  Rev,  Dr.  Thornton  offVred  an  ex- 
planation of  a  rubbing  which  bad  been 
taken  from  the  Lustleigh  stone*    It  repre- 
en  ted  an  inscription  on  n  stone  of  granite, 
^ftt  present  forniing  the  sill  of  the  south 
entrance  door  in   Lustleigh  Church,  but 
\  believed  to  have  bei^n  originally  brought 
om  Cornwall.     He  did  not  profess  to  be 
'  A  Keltic  scholar,  but  from  the  place  in 
which  the  inscription  was  found  it   waa 
Welsh  or  Keltic;  therefore  he  looked  to 
those  languages  for  the  means  of  de^'ipher* 
ing  It,  and  from  the  best  consideration 
that  be  was  able  to  give,  he  should  say 
that  it  wna  a  Keltic  in^ription  in  rude 
fcini' Roman  characters.     The  tirst  letter 
was  d ;  then  a  from  the  Oreek ;  /,  it,  •',  df. 
This  word  appovred  corrupted  by  the  in- 


sertion of  a  *  J  and  so  they  got  the  Chris- 
tian name  BaPtd,  or  Dafydd,  Welsh,  Then 
0,  from  the  Irish,  and  c ;  oe,  son  of.  The 
word  in  the  next  tine  appeared  to  read 
Conhino;  mA  was  equal  to  m,  and  nh  la 
the  Southern  Keltic  had  iomething  the 
samo  force,  probiibly  a  nasal  w.  Thus  they 
bad  Cowin.  O  and  a  were  interchange- 
able, as  in  the  Prakrit,  the  spoken  form  of 
the  Sanskrit;  thus  they  got  Cawin  or 
Oatrin,  which  wjia  Oawain^  a  name  aa 
well  knoA^Ti  in  Wales  n%  John  in  England. 
Thus  he  read  the  inscription,  *'  David  the 
sou  of  truwain.** 

The  pr<3ceedinga  of  the  Congress  were 
broiJgbt  to  a  close  w»ith  the  customary 
votes  of  thanks,  which  were  suitably  re- 
plied toj  and  it  was  stcited  that  several 
of  the  papers  which  there  had  not  been 
time  to  rcttd  would  lie  printed  either  in  the 
Journal  of  the  Association,  or  in  the  new 
pnbli cation,  CoU4rc(anea  Archaol&gia. 


Aug,  26.   ExcTRSiOK  TO  Dabtmoob. 

In  addition  to  the  regidar  business  of 
the  Congress,  a  visit  to  Dartmoor  waa 
made  on  the  S6tli,  by  many  of  the  mem* 
bers,  the  Tcign  Naturalists*  Field  Club 
kindly  acting  as  guides.  The  party  started 
early  from  Exeter,  and  proceeded  by- 
way of  Moretonhampstead  and  Chogford. 
Those  who  have  viaited  the  Moor,  do  not 
require  to  he  nminded  about  the  import- 
ance of  favourable  weather.  Tlic  weather, 
indc^j  must  ever  be  one  chief  clement  in 
out -door  enjoyments  J  but  to  see  the  Moor 
t'O  advantage, — or  rather  to  see  anything 
stall  when  you  get  there, — the  atmosptiero 
must  be  peculiarly  clear,  an  event  not 
of  very  common  occurrence.  When  th^re 
are  no  rain -clouds,  it  otlen  happens  that 
the  land  is  covered  with  the  mist  raised 
by  the  sun's  heat;  but  on  this  oecaMOD, 
the  sky  was  clear  and  the  sun  shone 
brightly,  so  that  when  the  visitors  got  on 
the  Moor  the  maguificeuce  of  the  sight 
00  it  and  from  It  was  in  a  great  measure 
realized.  Far  away  in  the  horizon  could 
be  discerned  the  fringe  of  Exmoor,  white 
in  the  intervening  country  all  the  spota 
of  interest  were  distinctly  traceable.  hAa 
the  coaches  mounted  the  seriea  of  hills 
ending  in  Lotij^lown,  the  pvoapcet  grew 


1^16 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intettigeneer. 


[Noy. 


more  and  more  extensive ;  and  the  mem- 
ber* were  fairly  enraptured  with  it.  Of  al- 
toijether  another  character  waa  the  valley 
near  Dansford-bridire,  with  its  pretty  river, 
and  well  •  wooded  hills  sloping  down  to 
the  margin  of  the  water.  The  descent 
and  ascent  immediately  outside  Moreton 
were  suflScient  to  prove  the  mettle  of  the 
horses,  bat  they  made  the  entry  into  the 
town  in  good  style.  After  a  brief  stay 
in  Moreton,  the  party  left  for  Chagford, 
passing  through  a  series  of  "  Devonshire 
lanes,"  where  the  overhanging  trees  were 
too  low  to  bo  pleasant  to  people  outside 
the  carriages.  Cbagford  at  last  was 
reached,  and  then,  after  some  deliberation 
as  to  walking  or  riding  the  remaining 
distance,  it  was  resolved  to  push  on  in 
the  carriages,  and  in  dne  time,  after  a  ride 
of  four  hours  and  three  qnsrters,  (to  be 
precise,)  the  party  descended  at  the  foot 
of  a  hill  which  led  them  upon  the  Moor. 
On  this  hill  they  were  met  by  Mr.  Orme- 
rod,  the  secretary  of  the  Naturalists*  Club, 
and  other  members,  to  whose  guidance 
they  committed  themselves.  A  short  dis- 
tance lip  the  hill  Mr.  Ormerod  pointed 
out  the  remains  of  an  old  chapel,  now 
forming  part  of  a  farm-house ;  but  a  much 
greater  curiosity  was  Foon  encountered. 
We  refer  to  "  Featherbed-lane,"  the  name 
given  to  a  boulder-bestrewed  gorge,  by 
which  access  is  had  to  the  Moor.  At 
some  remote  period  it  may  hnve  been  a 
bridle-path;  but  the  torrents  that  sweep 
down  the  side  of  the  Moor  in  winter  have 
long  since  appropriated  this  as  their  pecu- 
liar channel.  The  earth  has  been  washed 
away,  leaving  visible  nothim^  but  huge 
blocks  of  grauite,  some  forming  part  of 
the  rock,  and  others  carried  down  from 
the  Moor. 

Once  on  the  Moor,  all  felt  themselves 
amply  repaid  for  their  exertions  in  getting 
there.   Through  the  beautiful  clear  atmos- 


phere the  eye  oonld  range  with  searoely 
any  limit.  Every  field,  and  wood,  and 
building,  was  as  distinctly  traced  and  as 
easily  reoo^ised  as  if  the  beholder  bad 
been  looking  upon  a  vast  map  laid  out 
before  him.  Under  these  favourable  con- 
ditions, the  party  followed  Mr.  Ormerod 
from  a  point  near  the  Kister  rock,  view- 
ing the  singular  remains  of  a  remote  era. 
After  describing  the  various  tort, — Kstor, 
Haytor,  Rippontor,  and  others,  Mr.  Or- 
merod led  the  way  to  the  hut  cirdea,  in 
which  the  ancient  occupants  of  the  Moor 
are  supposed  to  have  dwelt.  The  most 
interesting  of  these  was  Roundy  Pound, 
where  there  are  two  of  these  circlet  of 
granite  stones,  one  within  the  other. 
Leaving  these,  he  proceeded  to  the  Long- 
stone,  a  huge  block  of  granite,  which 
begins  the  sacred  avenue — a  double  line 
of  granite  stones— leading  to  Scorrill  circle^ 
the  remains  of  a  DruidicAl  temple.  Thence 
the  party  went  to  inspect  a  clam  bridge 
on  the  Teign;  but  this,  although  pie- 
tnresque,  did  not  appear  to  possess  any 
remarkable  features.  It  is  composed  of 
large  slabs  of  granite  resting  on  pillars 
of  the  same  material,  all  put  together  in 
a  rough  manner,  but,  from  its  solidity, 
no  doubt  well  fitted  to  stem  the  swollen 
stream  in  winter.  Having  thus  viewed 
all  the  objects  of  interest,  antiquarian  or 
otherwise,  on  this  part  of  the  Moor,  the 
party  wcniled  their  way  to  Fenworthy, 
the  spot  fixed  for  luncheon,  where  they 
arrived  shortly  after  four  o'clock.  After 
this,  Mr.  Ormerod  read  some  notes  on  the 
surrounding  scenery,  and  at  six  o'clock 
the  party  left  the  Moor,  the  Exeter  ^vi- 
sion returning  to  Chagford  by  a  route 
different  to  that  by  which  they  had  come. 
The  return  to  Exeter  was  most  satisfac- 
torily accomplished,  the  coaches  reaching 
the  New  London  Inn  about  eleven  o'clock. 


LO]SDO]Sr  AND  MIDDLESEX  ARCHAEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


Auff.  23.  A  general  meeting  was  held 
at  Uxbridge,  at  which  the  Rev.  C.  Parkeb 
Pbice,  the  Incumbent,  presided. 

After  some  routine  business  had  been 
disposed  of,  the  Rev.  Cliairwan  read  a 


paper  on  the  Treaty  of  Uxbridge,  which 
he  justly  described  as  the  most  remarkable 
event  in  the  history  of  the  town;  and 
Mr.  George  Eves  read  a  communication  on 
its  Antiquities.     He  said, — 


1861.]       London  and  Middlesex  Arclueological  Sociefy. 


517 


"  Tywjr©  ore  rcnson^  for  aapposing  tlint 
Uxbndge  was  one  of  tlie  small  boruo^ha 
c«tnblit*lieil  about  the  time  of  Alfred.  Tlmt 
it  existetl  in  the  twelfth  century  thvre  \n 
little  d<mbt,  aa  thiTC  la  snffieient  evidence 
itill  fcobc  found  in  existing  dtxiunienta. 

"In  the  most  ancient  record  wherein 
tho  niiine  of  this  pliice  ocenra,  (about  the 
year  1100,)  it  is  Oxebrug^-**,  in  subsequent 
records  Woxebnigo,  and  for  the  last  two 
centuries  Uxbritlge- 

**  Til  ere  cun  be  tjo  doubt  that  Uxhridge 
was  called  a  borough  in  the  ttuie  of 
Henry  IL,  »s  is  pro%'ed  by  I^uM^et^s  grant, 
which  is  here  to-ihiy,  ais  well  m  from  tb© 
nppropritttion-gTatit  oi  HiiUngdon  Rectory 
to  the  Bishop  of  Worcester^  datf  d  1281, 
nnd  from  other  reoordi  whicb  describe  it 
as  *  surrounded  by  a  borough  ditch.'  It 
U  not  nnnuil  in  Dotneaday  Hooki  but 
neither  arc  the  names  of  somtj  other 
nncient  towna  to  be  found  iu  that  retunL 
There  c^n  bo  hut  little  doubt  that  the 
town  existed  ii«i  n  l>orougb  betbre  the  Con* 
qiust.  and  it  has  been  supi^rmed  that  it 
fonnerty  sent  roemhers  to  Parliiimcnt,  bnt 
it  doeji  not  appear  from  any  of  the  records 
tliat  this  borough  was  sutiimoned,  though 
it  is  evident  that  at  the  bi'ginning  of  the 
thirteenth  century  it  was  ot  sufficient  im- 
portiince  to  have  poasetsed  that  privilege. 

"  Uxbridge  i«  in  the  mwnor  of  Col*^hnm. 
It  is  clearly  prove*!  thnt  <.iilV»ert  Ba.*iset 
possessed  the  manor  in  the  time  of  Iknry 
the  Second  J  uud  uc'cordiujij^tu  the  historians 
of  the  town  it  eojitinued  iti  bU  famdy 
about  liM)  ycMrs. 

*'  The  poMesaora  of  the  manor  tlwityt 
ckiuttd  the  rights  of  the  manor  and 
bitrougb  of  Ixbridge  as  a  part  of  their 
inheritunee,  Iti  15i)-i  Alice,  Count«sa  of 
Derby,  beciimc  Iftdy  of  the  manor,  and 
held  it  until  1637.  In  ibe  early  part  of 
the  »evrnte*nlh  century  disputes  arose 
bet  Wren  the  townspeople  and  the  Countess; 
in  lf>^}  the  Uxbridgeaos  refused  to  ac- 
knowledge  her  rights.  Up  to  this  time 
the  toll  corn  bant  bi-en  sold  by  the  thiilijETs 
to  the  poor,  ami  the  profits  shnuld  bitve 
been  applied  to  churitnl)lv  puriiost-s.  *  But 
Botne  small  part  of  it  tliey  employed  in 
the  repain  of  the  chapel,  and  the  rest 
they  wasted  in  feaating/  a«  her  ladyship 
decMTibes  in  her  warrant  or  order  of 
April  18,  1631.  The  warrant  is  in  the 
poaaesflion  of  the  lords  in  trust,  and  h 
berc  to-day  with  other  interesting  docu- 
ments, 

•*  Tlte  Cou ntcsa  soon  brought  them  to 
their  knees^  fir^t  taking  the  case  into  the 
Court  of  Exchequer,  and  afterwards  into 
the  Star  Chamber  in  1633,  when  twenty- 
four  of  the  towns-people  were  unlered  to 


pay  £200  ft>r  the  profttd  they  hud  received, 
and  £20  to  the  khtg  t'**T  leave  to  coin- 
p^jund  the  suit.  The  Countess  forgave 
thern  the  money  upon  receiving  a  servile 
a«ldreAs  from  the  hurgcaaen.  In  October, 
1636  (?),  K  court  was  beld^  Sir  John 
Banks,  steward,  and  seventeen  jurymen 
of  the  burgesses  being  present:  the  Court 
granted  a  verdict  in  favour  of  the 
Countess's  claims.  This  terminated  her 
disputes  with  the  towns-folks,  as  we  read 
in  an  old  manuscript  thnt  *  Lady  I>erby 
sent  venison  unto  them,  and  there  was 
a  very  grande  entertninmtnt  att  tbeCrown 
att  Uxbridge,  for  the  bailifle  and  bnr- 
gesscA.' 

"The  Conntcsa  dietl  in  1637,  and  the 
manor  passed  to  George,  I#ord  (?handoH, 
who,  when  the  civil  coui motions  cmn- 
menced,  engaged  on  the  King's  side,  and 
having  killed  a  brother  of  the  Lord  Noi  th- 
ampton,  went  to  the  Continent,  when  the 
burgesses  once  more  In  id  claim  to  the 
profits  of  the  taira  and  ranrkeis,  and  en- 
joyed them  several  years»  In  166:3,  Cleorge 
Pitt  J  Kec|,,  who  bad  married  the  widow 
of  Lord  Cbandos,  f!le<l  a  bill  in  the  Ex- 
chequer ;  and  agjiin  in  1672,  when  tho 
burgesses  were  forced  to  give  way.  About 
the  year  1669,  the  manor  of  Colebam  was 
alitnated  from  the  manor  and  borough 
of  Uxbridge.  In  16^5  the  manor  and 
borough  of  Uibridge  was  sold  by  George 
Pitt,  Ej-q.,  to  seven  inhabit4intH  of  the  town, 
for  £500.  At  length,  in  1729,  the  whole 
property  beciune  vested  in  Edmund  Baker 
and  Ednnind  Hbmiet,  and  was  conveyed 
by  tbtm  to  trustees  for  clmrituble  pur- 
poses ;  the  tTustees  now  bear  the  courtly 
tile  ot  *  the  Lonls  in  Trust/ 

'*  Cxbridge  has  alwiiys  been  noted  for 
the  number  of  its  inns :  Camden  says  in 
his  time  this  town  was  '  full  of  inns/ 
Tucre  are  still  twenty -one  le(t,  (Much 
might  be  said  aa  to  the  inns,  but  time 
will  not  allow.)  I  shall  therefore  only 
allode  to  the  *  Crown,'  *  the  Treaty  House,' 
which  was  described  as  a  'good  house'  at 
the  time  of  the  treaty ;  there  is  only  a 
portion  of  the  original  bouse  now  re- 
maining. The  pftoelltng  of  the  presence- 
chamber  and  anoiber  is  still  to  be  seen. 
The  ehimneys  arc  partly  left,  nearly  every- 
thing else  has  been  altered.  The  dovecot 
stin  remains;  the  lodge  was  pi  lied  down 
a  few  years  back,  a  photograph  of  which 
is  in  the  Miueum. 

"  The  *  George  Inn '  still  remains,  bnt 
much  altered.  Tlie  outside  staimise  in  tho 
yard  wa*»  removed  alxjut  thrtMS  years  back  : 
I  have  a  print  of  it  lent  me  by  Mr.  Hut- 
•on,  shewing  the  yard,  atnirs,  and  entrance 
from  ftreeti  it  is  ttiken  from  a  sketch 


518 


AmiMqumrUm  mmd  Liiermnf  luidligemetr. 


[XoT. 


w^t:  \f%  !>'7  W.  Boh,  xht  artict,  wbo  vm 
M.  lutjve  of  tLi»  tovB :  bi*  faxkier  lired  ia 

"  Th«rr«  sre  still  %fxa/t  firm  SDcimi 
kciQftt*  m  Xhtk  Um,  but  idl  nracfa  altend. 
Jfr.  Ifcrotyft  Irinc,  br  tbc  mill,  has  noe 
fdUMrlix&z ;  ako  Mr.  C  Morton's  home,  at 
Ui«  o:im»T  c/  Vine- street 

^Id  fonuixiir  tbe  leverf  in  1%56,  a 
cmuetraiT  ttn  feet  vide,  three  feK  beknr 
tbe  prewnt  road,  ennpcieed  of  tantM, 
was  ditoorered  in  two  or  tbree  pSaeet  is 
tbe  Uijcb-sUeet.  TbU  poaiblj  waa  a 
Bowan  road,  but  few  Rtmian  aiiti(]nitiei 
bare  been  iiniA. 

"Tbe  cljurcb,  formerlT  the  chapel,  it 
dedicated  to  St.  Mari^aret,  and  eoomtc 
of  a  daanoel,  nare,  and  two  asilet.  sepa- 
latid  b^  octangular  eoiomns  and  pr>inted 
arches,  with  a  low  aqnare  tower  at  the 
west  end.  Tbe  cf  .'iireh  baa  been  restored 
IB  part  by  Mr.  C.  J.  Sboppee,  who  has 
done  it  with  taste.  It  is  not  kitown  when 
it  was  first  boilt,  bat  the  present  chnrcb 
was  bnilt  abont  1447.  That  a  chapel 
eziUed  pri^jr  to  this,  appears  from  the 
approj/riati'/n  ^rant  of  the  chnrcb  of 
liillifigdon  to  tbe  Bishop  of  Worcester, 
dated  iaSBl,  and  which  refers  to  the  chapel 
at  tliat  time  existing. 

''There  are  two  tombs  in  the  chnrcb, 
that  tff  LHune  Leonora  Bennett,  who  died 
In  1638,  being  the  principal  one.  She  is 
reprenented  in  a  reeombent  posture:  in 
the  centre  of  the  roonnmetit  is  icnlptored 
the  opening  of  a  cbarnel-honse,  and  above 
the  figure  is  an  iniicnption  with  coats  of 
arms.  Sir  John  Bennett  resided  at  the 
Treaty  llou^e,  and  was  the  ancestor  of 
the  Karl  of  lanker^'ille. 

"Several  bxjal  trade-tokens  have  been 
found;  specimens  of  several  are  here  to- 
day ;  that  of  John  Taylor,  1GG6,  is  in  good 
preservation.  Also  various  gold  and  other 
coins,  ipecimens  of  which  are  kindly  sent 
U)  the  Museum.  The  bushel  belonging  to 
the  Lr/rds  in  Trust  is  worth  notice.  It 
is  of  bell  -  metal,  and  has  on  on*'  side 
'WoxBBiDOB,  1670,'  and  on  a  band  of 
copper  *  Winchehter  Standard  Bushill,' 
and  on  tbe  rim  a  crown  and  Charles  11. 
Tills  was  the  pro[Mfrty  of  George  Pitt, 
K«<|.,  SM  he  became  posieflsed  of  the  manor 
in  lf;69." 

Mr.  Durraiit  Coojicr  read  a  paper  on 
variouH  Ancient  Deeds  and  iXxnimenta 
ctmrnH^vii  with  the  town,  which  were  ex- 
hibited in  the  tern pomry  Museum,  and  the 
liev.  T.  Hugo  made  some  remarks  on  other 
objects  collected  there,  as  bronze  celts,  en* 
caostic  tilesy  medieval  rings  and  coins. 


Tbe  eoopaar  tbn  aunedaBaTiBt  to 
tae  ae  'gbbunriug  clHucbes  of  DeBfaani, 
Harcfidd,  mad  Ruidip,  bvt  hehre  leaving 
Uzbridge  tbej  inycted  tbe  Oid  Treaty 
House  IB  srbidi  the  Commaanaaen  of 
Cfaarlca  I.  aad  thorn  of  tht  PkriJamoit 
bdd  IhDtleas  deiibcratkiias  for  twcatj 
days,  BOW  tbe  "Ciownl^n."  After  aprctty 
ride  along  wooded  laaa^  tbe  paitj  reached 
DcBbaai  Cbordi,  where  they  were  wel- 
aoDMd  by  the  Ber.  C  HaB,  tbe  lecbor. 
Ihe  cfanreh  is  a  slraetnre  of  the  foortccBth 
eeBtoiy,  with  sonae  iBtereKing  farasaes  aad 
■MDcmeBts  and  a  rood-loft.  The  bail^Bg 
at  one  period  bad  bat  a  nave,  and  aasles 
were  afterwards  added.  With  regard  to 
the  mnnnmefita,  that  of  one  of  the  &auly 
of  Peckbam,  who  was  a  kmgbt  and  lord  of 
tbe  manor,  is  exceedingly  fine;  there  ia 
also  ooe  to  tbe  meoxxy  of  Dame  Agnea 
Jordan,  tbe  last  abbess  of  Syoa,  beaida 
others  well  worthy  of  attention,  it  ia 
said  that  Drvden  wrote  hb  transbtioii  of 
tbe  JEneid  at  Bowyer-ball  in  tbe  Bogh- 
bonrbood.  Tbe  Bowyer  fiunily  were  great 
friends  of  tbe  Stnarts,  and  it  is  said  that 
Prince  Charles  was  someUmeooneealed  here. 
Tbe  attention  of  the  party  was  directed 
to  the^e^  loft  and  to  an  external  window 
for  oonfesnon  which  bad  been  discovered 
by  Mr.  Street,  who  is  engaged  in  the  re- 
storation of  the  ehurob,  and  it  is  expected 
that  in  twelve  montha  it  will  be  aooom- 
plished.  The  prindpal  peculiaritiea  of  the 
church  were  pointed  out  by  Mr.  Arthur 
Ashpitel  to  the  company. 

The  party  then  proceeded  to  Haiefield 
Church,  distant  about  two  miles.  On  their 
way  thither  they  visited  an  ancient  build- 
ing, now  usrd  as  a  bam,  but  which  at  one 
time  belonged  to  a  great  ecderiastical  es- 
tablishment, although  what  its  peculiar 
character  was  appears  to  be  a  subject  of 
diipute.  The  architecture  is  Early  Eng* 
lish.  The  structure  belonged  either  to 
the  Knights  Templars  or  to  the  Knights 
of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem,  who  had  an 
estate  in  the  neighbourhood.  The  build- 
ing is  probably  of  about  the  year  1240, 
and  not  later  than  the  reign  of  Henry  III. 

The  church  of  Harefield  is  a  beautiftil 
structure,  of  uncertain  date,  containing 
some  interesting  brasses  and  monnmenta. 


1861.]       Berwickshire  and  Tyneside  Naturalists'  Clubs,  519 


cbiffiy  of  the  NewdigaU*  family.  There 
18  also  a  lurge  canopied  monutnent  erected 
to  the  mt'iuury  of  tho  Dowager  Countess 
or  Derhy,  one  of  the  «laaghters  of  Sir  John 
Spencer*  of  Al thorp,  KorihtiinptoiiBliire, 
Umkespere  Chapel,  on  the  north  »ido  of 
ih\9  church,  was  much  admired, 

Tlie  Rev.  C.  T.  Wetttherlcy.  of  llilling- 
doii,  rt'tid  A  paper  In  which  he  guvc  some 
account  of  tiie  iords  of  the  mttnor,  ihvir 
resitiences,  and  of  other  phices  of  intereat 
in  the  locality;  and  Mr.  Charles  Baily 
made  Rcmie  remarks  on  certain  plt^ea  of 
raioor  m  the  church,  coatnaUng  of  helmets 


and  gtitiiitlets;  he  hod  no  liestitiition  ia 
saying  ihiit  one  of  the  helmets  wtis  as 
early  as  the  time  of  ileury  IV.,  or  even 
Richard  IL 

The  comprtny  then  tlrove  on  to  Ruisllp 
Church,  which  is  an  Enrly  Englhih  sLroc- 
ture;  it  was  dasscHhed  by  Mr,  Alf^^ 
White. 

The  meuab«n  of  the  Society  and  their 
friends,  jifter  yisiUng  the  house  imd 
grounds  of  T.  T.  Clarke.  E»(}.,  of  Swate- 
ley»,  dined  together  ivt  the  Market  -  hall 
iu  Uxbridg^,  imd  tlius  concludird  a  very 
agreeable  day. 


^^  JOINT  MEETING  OF  THE  BERWICKSHIllE  Aim  TYNESIDE 

^B  NATUllALISTS'  CLUBS,  AT  ALNWICK. 

^^^B    AHfj,2t^.  Wlien viewed  "aright/' Alnwick 
^^^Plrill  he  found  to  possess  a  varied  inten^t 

that  marks  it  as  pre- eminently  fit   for 

a  tdeDtific  and  antiquarian    rendi^zTOus. 


Without  being  behind  the  times  in  matters 
relating  to  social  progrtfsa,  it  yet  retains 
many  of  the  custosnt  that  prevailed  in 
remote  times.  Thus,  the  curfew  bell 
still  rings  out  into  the  night  its  warning 
tones,  awakening  with  the  echoes  thoughts 
of  the  fierce  borderers  who  kept  up  the 
terrori  this  Norman  institution  tujught 
alhij.  Again,  the  ancieut  custom  of 
watch  and  w^ard  is  stUl  observed  at  the 
great  annual  fair  held  in  July.  On  the 
Sunday  evening  preceding  th«  fair-day, 
the  adjacent  to^iiships,  which  owe  suit 
and  service  to  the  Lord  of  the  Manor, 
send  their  rt^resentatives  to  n^siat  in 
keeping  watch  at  the  different  cntriLnceti 
Into  the  towTJ,  lest  tlie  Scuts,  or  may  be 
the  TynMide  men,  bent  on  less  peaci^ul 
emnd  than  that  for  which  Alnwick  was 
indebted  for  their  company  on  the  present 
occasion,  sliould  make  their  appearance. 
Chatton  and  Chillinghiiro  send  four  men; 
C^ld  Marten  and  Fowberry  send  four; 
Hett4>n  and  UaEelrigge^  four;  Fawdon 
and  Clinch,  four^  Alnham  and  Aluham 
Moor,  two;  Tughall  and  Swinhoe,  two; 
Ixinghoughton  and  Den  wick,  four  ;  Les- 
bury  and  Hilton,  two,  and  Lyham  and 
L>hitm  Hidl,  one  man.  Tins  goodly  com- 
pauy»  with  the  coiistablei  imd  Mmifi  of  the 


tradesmen  of  the  toivn»  proceed  to  the 
Castle,  where  they  are  received  by  hts 
Grace  the  Duke  of  Northuraberliind^s 
steward  and  baililf,  and  are  hospitably 
refreshed.  Until  the  Jnly  of  this  ycAr, 
the  public  were  also  admitted  within  tho 
castle  walls  on  the  occasion,  the  gatee 
being  thrown  wide  open,  and  the  tacit 
invitation  was  eagerly  accepted  by  a  hLrge 
crowd.  After  the  was&iil  was  dispenstid, 
the  peraons  taking  part  io  the  ceremony, 
armed  with  biiitle-axcs  and  bruads words, 
fonned  in  procession  and  set  out  for  the 
market- cro.<«,  attended  by  a  great  con* 
course.  Arrived  in  the  market-place,  the 
several  members  took  off  their  hats  and 
stood  uncovered  while  tho  proclamation 
was  read  from  the  steps  of  the  cross* 

It  is  a  matter  of  regret  that  instjuicea 
or  drunkenness  and  riot  were  not  unknown 
after  the  ceremony  was  conelude^I ;  be- 
cause  the  fact  of  some  persons  being  dis- 
orderly, year  after  year,  led  to  the  pre- 
sentation of  a  memorial  to  the  Duke  to 
dispense  with  a  custom  that  ended  in  so 
unseemly  a  disregard  of  the  Sabbiith  day. 
Tho  idea  of  substituting  refreshments  of 
an  unexciting  chamct^'r  probably  did  not 
occur,  for  a  few  days  prior  to  the  last  fair 
the  fQUowing  notice  was  issued : — 

"Alnwick  July  Fair.  — In  consequence 
of  ft  Jlemorial  from  the  Magistrates,  Min- 
isters of  Religion,  and  otiiers,  requesting 
the  Lord  of  the  Manor  and  Borough  of 


S20 


AMtiquarism  mad  Litermnf  JatdSgemcer. 


rs'oT. 


Aln'v{i;k  X^  *XiW  nutanii  for  d»  siMEtum 
«rf  ^h*  «*i»reTBi>ny  i^  pr^ia.iiun<r  to*  Fair 
on    ^.ni-iiia/   «v<niivr»   ami   *iie  atc*tniiaxic 

KfTi^hj  gr'9'm,  *iaac  :ii*(  aVjut  wuI  hie  «/»)• 
tfMif«iMb«>/,  a^tTytca-itv  w  the  ^pr«Miifl  *ie- 
mftt  *-4  th*  nMmr^nliiirt.  By  or^,  C. 
SltTV/'^ra  BffX.L,  HailidT  of  'Ott  Maaor. — 
Ain-*>,k  Oitfi*,  illy  12,  1->61.'' 

Far  r«moiv<td  frr>m  the  fku  of  thCs  bos- 
pitohk  <!iHO«m  of  the  ascent  Peteiei, 
itaouk  the  Cantle  isaelf,  ftroi^^  and 
ira:v^«r  than  «T«r,  Wi^  aire  40  uxaMfxautl 
to  t  eonteaapbt'uw  of  the  ontliiMi  of  cae- 
MktitH  ardiltectore  oolj  a*  they  reowui 
to  oa  'm  Umik  dAjt  of  peace,  that  a  crAMt- 
deratum  of  the  aftpearaaee  a  eaattle  noold 
here  pr^aented  in  a  «iei^  wcnid  be  ait^ 
frther  new  Xo  x^MtL  of  m.  Sappoaine  the 
Miter  moat  to  be  ttill  in  esMetktt,  and  all 
prevkma  barrien  overemDe,  it  will  be  aeen 
tbat,  bj  throwfaij^  a  few  planki  aeroaa  it, 
§n  tAXtyekm^  party  lywld  reaeh  the  baie 
of  the  walla,  aod  with  pick  and  axe  could 
eomiaeMe  pieking  a  bole  through  the 
wall,  or,  if  they  cfaoae,  OAderminiog  it. 
Sfen  on  the  perapet  of  the  wall  eoold 
only  wht  them  and  aim  at  theai  by  leaning 
balf  their  bodica  orer  the  battlementa, 
when,  of  eoarse,  a  ahower  of  arrows  woold 
bare  been  let  fly  at  them.  To  meet  thia 
pnroary  difReiilty,  a  regalar  ayitem  of  de- 
Anee  exiated,  which  conaiated,  fint,  in  the 
mttXum  of  projecting  galleriea,  formed  of 
woo^l,  on  the  aommita  €^  the  onter  walla 
and  towera,  Tbeae  or erhaoging  galleriea 
were  eorered  with  a  roof-work,  orer  which 
hidea  were  apread  to  prefent  the  enemy 
lirom  aetting  Are  to  them ;  and  they  were 
alao  macbioolated  and  pierced  with  loop- 
bolea.  They  rendered  an  approach  to  the 
walla  ao  hazardona,  aa  to  caoae  the  inven- 
tion of  correapondiDg  contrivancea  on  tbe 
part  of  the  beaiegera.  Accordingly,  their 
•ngineera  formed  moveable  machines  in 
the  abapea  td  covered  platforma,  (called 
rats,)  which  they  propelled  up  to  the 
walla  on  rollers,  moch  in  tbe  aame  way 
that  our  fishers  sometimes  place  their 
boats  beyond  the  reach  of  high  tide. 
These  rats,  or  gaU,  were  also  covered 
with  raw  hides,  as  the  besieged  would  let 
down,  by  neaos  of  chains,  swinging  masses 
of  borning  tow,  sprinkled  with  ralphar, 
7 


to  eBdeavnar  xa  art  them  in  liameft.  Tbe 
no6  were  piGdied  ac  a  diarp  am^jL,  so 
dtttt  fSooca  or  ocfaor  besLvy  TinwTii'^  haried 
on  tiien  frnm  above,  wooid  iGp  oif  Lebibc^ 
diately.  Enaeoiiad  in  chxa  aimoat  impene- 
tnbie  ibciser,  the  baasf  lii  carraed  on  "hgr 
deaU  Active  pnrpnae.  Anngh^i-  mgjBc  that 
ferma  a  remarkahfe  object  in  the  portraic- 
stre  of  a  sieie^  m  the  moveable  wooden 
tdnrcr.  Thia.  like  tbe  rafi,  or,  tf  the  Xor- 
■ana  eaCcd  it,  tbe  dkmt,  was  alao  propelled 
on  rollen,  and  was  covered  wxtb  biddBi. 
It  was  foraiahcd  with  ladders,  and  bttd  a 
awinging  bridge  attached  to  iu  ssmmit ; 
io  that,  when  once  pat  into  poaitian,  the 
bridge  was  thrown  acroda  to  the  top  of 
the  caatle  walk,  and  tbe  sMailinfs  efircted 
a  landing.  Bat  thia  operatkn  was  not 
allowed  to  be  aeeompiished  withoat  the 
most  active  oppoaition  from  the  besieged. 
An  implcmettt  called  the  piemSl,  which 
afamg  bnge  stones  a  great  drstanrr,  waa 
aimed  at  this  kzge  mark,  and  woold  oftca 
annihilate  the  laboors  of  days  in  a  few 
Ibrtnnate  bits.  The  besieged,  moving 
easily  aboot  in  their  projectisg  wooden 
gaOerica,  poured  fire,  and  water,aad  atones^ 
and  lead,  and  every  miadle  at  command 
tbrongfa  the  marhicolatinns  on  any  fise 
brave  enoogb  to  come  witlun  their  reach ; 
and  k^  np  a  baraauig  discharge  of 
arriywa  at  those  at  a  greater  distance.  To 
shelter  themselves  from  the  flighta  of 
arrows,  the  beneged  need  large  wooden 
screens,  eonstmcted  npon  the  same  prin- 
ciple as  that  applied  to  large  easels  in  the 
present  day,  behind  which  they  oonld 
carry  on  their  operations,  oomparativdj 
speaking,  oot  of  danger.  For  instance, 
tbe  men  engaged  in  tbe  aervioe  of  the 
battering-rams  would  conduct  their  more- 
ments  under  cover  of  these  soreena  or 
mantelets.  Thus,  every  deatrocUve  con- 
trivance was  met  by  expedients  equally 
dexterous.  These  and  other  engines  in 
common  use  are  depicted  by  M.  Viollet-lo- 
Duc,  in  bis  work  entitled  L* Arekiieehare 
MilUmre  du  Moyen  Age,  with  a  masterlj 
skill  that  conveys  to  the  mind  a  most 
vivid  realization  of  mediseval  warfare. 

It  is  especially  interesting  to  find  proof 
that  tbe  border  caatles  for  a  certainty 
nfed  thcM  wooden  galleriei^  (oalled  in 


186L]       Berwickshire  and  Ti^eside  Naturalists'  Clubs.  521 


KormaD -French  hauards).  That  they  did 
•o  is  shewit  in  a  vignette  preserved  with 
the  MS.  of  Froissart  in  the  lTni>erial 
Library  at  Piiris.  'Jlie  Frtnich  historian, 
whose  acqnaiiitanco  watb  Eugllsh  ctistoins 
W(mld  be  acquired  in  hb  five  years'  service 
•8  Secretary  with  the  Queen  of  Edward  11., 
has  left  a  vignette  shewing  part  of  the 
oastle  of  Newcastle  -  upon  -  Tyne ;  and  a 
leoj^h  of  curtain  wall  hetwcen  two  towers 
18  represented  aa  being  defended  from 
m  covered  wooden  projecting  pamtwt,  or 
'  tftage,  as  described.  A  fac-sitnile  oi  this 
Taloable  drawing  it  given  by  M.  ViuHet- 
le-Duc  in  tlio  work  mentioned  above,  as 
in  the  transhition  by  Mr,  Macdemiott, 

Important  defences  of  this  kind  would 
he  only  required  on  the  occa&iou  of  an 
equally  important  siege.  In  ordinary 
times  the  maMiveness  of  the  architecture 
would  be  a  Bufficieut  protection  for  the 
inmates.  The  **  wild  and  nibdemeaoed 
people  '*  of  North  Tynediile — tlie  Cbarle- 
L  tons,  the  liobAons*  the  Dodds,  and  the 
)f  jlbomea,  concerning  whom  Dr.  Charlton 
'  Iwa  given  ua  such  grupbic  accounts^  ihew* 
fng  how  **  able  and  sufllcieut/'  how  ditring, 
how  dauntless  they  were — had  no  chance 
against  the  pasaivo  force  of  feudal  archi- 
tecture. But  when  invested  by  an  army, 
AUiwick  Castle  would  have  been  strength- 
ened by  the  girding  on  of  the  wooden 
armour  in  question. 

There  are  some  ancient  houses  in  Aln- 
wick which  should  furnish  another  source 
[  of  interest.     Tha  moat  important  of  them 
I  itands  on  the  north  side  of  Karrowg»te, 
[md  is  Guily  distinguished  by  a  baa-rulief 
I  display iiig  the  crescent  and  fett^rhH^ks  of 
[  the  Perciea,  as  illustrated  by  Mr.  H.  W.  D. 
)  Longstafle  in  his  Heraldry  of  the  Ancient 
Pereies,  (Arch.  MUana  *).     It  Is  a  two- 
storied  quadratigukr  building,  having  an 
archway  in  the  front  facing  the  street, 
which  le4da  into  the  open  court-yard  in 
the  centre.     But  the  promi»ea  have  bern 
averted  into  two  shops,  ao  that  great 
metamorphoses  have  been  made :  the  mas- 
sive walls,  witii  their  email  window-open- 
ings, the  stone  btai reuse,  the  huge   oak 
amt  protruding  from  the  low*  ceiliug^^ 

>  See  alM  OrnT.  Mao,,  JiLly»  IMO,  p,  \9  it  m^. 
Qssrs.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXL 


fragments  of  itone  carving,  and  traces  of 
a  chapelt  however,  remain  to  invite  further 
invefttgatiou.  A  second  andent  house 
exists  at  the  head  of  Canongate,  which 
is  Biild  to  have  been  a  meeting-houae  in 
the  reign  of  Jamoa  11.  This  has  been 
converted  into  dwcUiog-houaes,  loising  in 
the  transformation,  as  is  too  frequently 
the  case,  much  of  its  interest.  A  third 
ancient  house  stands  on  the  east  side  of 
Clayiiort;  from  this  the  muUions  of  the 
windows  have  not  yet  disappeared. 

The  claims  of  the  ancient  pariah  church 
upon  the  atteutiofi  of  the  tinticjuory  are 
too  well  ItnowD  to  rL«|Qlre  urgiui^.  It  is 
a  Per[)endieu1!ar  building,  consisting  of 
a  nave  with  aisles,  a  chancel  and  a  to^er, 
all  possessing  cmhattlcd  parapets.  Thd 
south-east  angle  of  the  iliancel  preaenti 
peculifir  detnila  that  are  full  of  interest.. 

Nor  does  the  still  more  ancient  build- 
ing. Hot'*pur  Tower,  newl  indication.  Ita 
mstsaive  arcliway  spana  the  southern  en- 
trance to  the  town,  and  is  too  striking 
an  object  to  be  missed  by  the  moat  un- 
obaervaut. 

"Hie  remaining  portion  of  a  chantry* 
in  Walkcrgiite,  is  another  of  the  ourioai- 
tics  of  architecture.  An  account  of  it, 
publisiied  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  Bej- 
wickiiliirtT  NatumliHtti'  Club,  invEsts  it 
with  a  history  that  adds  to  its  attraction. 
Tbe  geology  and  Ixatany  of  tho  neighbour* 
hood  offer  great  iiiduuement»  for  rambles 
in  the  parks — the  Abbey  hmdsj  the  Hiitne- 
park,  and  the  deer  i^arka — or  tor  u  stroll 
as  far  &»  Itnti-'heuirh  Crag ;  and  in  every 
way  iimintaiu  the  correciness  of  the  asser- 
tion thtit  Alnwick  offers  unusual  chamii 
for  scientific  aa  well  as  arehsw}logic4l  ex- 
plorations. 

A  very  large  p«»rty  of  gentlemen  met 
together  on  the  29th  of  August,  iiitlueneed 
probably  by  these  views,  but  more  ea^x^ri- 
ally  by  the  graeions  perraisi-iun  of  tbe 
Duke  of  North umbirland,  that  the  Clubs 
should  be  allowed  to  view  the  Castle,  and 
museums  within  the  Caatle,  Alt^er  a  sub- 
BlftDtial  breakfast  at  the  Northumberlaud 
Arms,  the  minutes  of  tbe  Inst  meeting 
of  the  Berwickshire  Club  were  read;  and, 
in  accordance  with  a  rcinolution  then 
L,  a  proposal  was  made  to  the  preseut 

as 


-"^T^ 


522 


Antiquarian  and  literary  InteU^eneer. 


[Not. 


meeting,  by  Mr.  Claj,  to  raiBe  a  Bom  bj 
fobficription  to  defray  the  expenses  of 
excavating  and  fencing  the  valnable  Saxon 
building  called  Dnn  Edin's  Hall,  or  Wo- 
den's Uall»  near  Abbey  St.  Batbanr,  the 
property  of  Captain  Munro.  This  proposal 
having  been  seconded  by  Mr.  Dickson, 
and  carried,  Mr.  Milne  Home,  the  Pre- 
sident, next  proposed  that  his  Grace  the 
Bnke  of  Northumberland  should  be  elected 
a  member  of  the  Berwickshire  Naturalists' 
Club — a  motion  that  was  carried  with 
much  acclamation.  The  arrangements 
for  the  day  were  then  disclosed  by  Mr. 
Tate,  Secretary.  It  was  agreed  that  the 
two  Clubs  would  proceed  together  at  10 
o'clock  to  the  Castle,  and  at  the  oondu- 
[don  of  their  visit  that  two  parties  should 
be  formed,  one  to  examine  the  geological 
district  of  Ratcheugh  Crag,  the  other 
to  view  the  beauties  of  the  parks  of 
Hulne  Abbey.  The  whole  party  then 
proceeded  to  the  Castle,  where  Dr.  Bruce 
pointed  out  the  leading  features  of  the 
restorations,  and  shewed  where,  in  excava- 
ting the  soil  to  open  out  the  bases  of  the 
postern  tower,  the  foundations  of  the 
smcient  "  bakehouse,  slaughter  -  house, 
priest-house,  and  midden"  had  recently 
been  uncovered.  From  these  sesthetic 
pursuits  a  descent  into  the  lower  regions 
of  the  kitchens  was  made,  the  noble  pro- 
portions of  which,  no  less  than  the  com- 
plicated and  ingenious  machinery  which 
they  contained,  excited  the  admiration 
of  all,  especially  of  the  ladies  who  favoured 
the  party  with  their  company.  His  Grace 
having  arrived  from  Foxton-hall  to  meet 
the  Clubs,  in  the  Egyptian  Museum  he 
most  kindly  and  most  ably  explained  the 
meaning  and  uses  of  some  of  the  antiqui- 
ties, and,  in  a  running  discourse,  explained 
how,  in  the  system  of  barter  that  pre- 
vailed in  Egypt,  it  sometimes  came  to 
pass  that  slaves  were  fig^atively  quar- 
tered. The  objects  offered  in  exchange 
for  a  slave — perhaps  a  dromedary — not 
amounting  to  more  than  the  fourth  part 
of  his  value,  a  tally  was  made  of  a  quiirter 
of  a  slave,  and  the  amount  was  conse- 
quently made  up  in  other  objects  till  the 
tali  value  was  gpiven.  His  Grace  pointed 
out  tools  that  had  been  used  in  the  days 


of  Joseph  and  his  brethren,  and  noticed 
the  fact  that  the  same  form  of  tool  was 
used  among  the  modem  Egyptians  to  this 
day.  Some  black  for  dyeing  ladies'  eyes 
also  elicited  interesting  explanations;  as 
did  every  other  relic  from  this  andent 
world. 

The  President  failed  not  to  express  the 
great  g^ratification  His  Grace's  kind  recep- 
tion had  g^ven  both  the  Clubt,  and  a  vote 
of  thanks  was  most  gratefully  accorded. 
Before  the  Duke  withdrew,  the  President 
formally  announced  to  him  that  he  had, 
that  morning,  been  elected  a  member  of 
the  Berwickshire  Naturalists'  Club. 

Leaving  the  Castle  by  the  barbican,  the 
latter  party  made  thdr  first  halt  before 
the  only  remaining  portion  of  the  once 
extensive  Alnwick  Abbey — the  gateway. 
Traversing  the  Abbey  grounds^  they  e- 
merged  into  Hulne -park,  and,  pasdng  on 
their  road  the  famous  Trysting-tree  and 
the  Lady's  Well,  they  next  arrived  at  the 
ruined  Abbey  of  Hulne.  The  larger  {no- 
portion  of  the  party  made  the  ascent  of 
Brislee  Tower,  where,  every  condition 
being  favourable,  a  delightful  proepeet  of 
the  Cheviot  oountty  and  the  fertile  vale 
of  the  Aln  was  enjoyed.  At  the  forest 
gate  the  party  lingered  before  another 
attraction  of  a  different  character — an 
andent  dst,  which  the  Duke  had  allowed 
to  remain  untouched  for  the  inspection  of 
the  Clubs.  On  the  road  back  to  the  town, 
Mr.  Wilson  pointed  out  another  remark- 
able object— the  quarry  from  which  60,000 
tons  of  stone  have  been  quarried  for  the 
new  works  at  the  Castle.  The  party, 
under  the  guidance  of  Mr.  Tate,  inspected 
the  basaltic  whin  sill,  which,  at  Ratcheugh 
Crag,  is  intruded  between  limestone  and 
shales,  and,  as  well,  visited  the  site  of  the 
camp  on  Peppermoor,  in  which  oats  of  new 
varit-ties  had  sprung  up  unsown. 

Meeting  after  these  long  rambles  at  the 
Northumberland  Arms  once  more,  117 
members  of  the  Clubs  sat  down  to  dinner. 
Mr.  Milne  Home,  President  of  the  Ber- 
wickshire Naturalists'  Club,  and  Dr.  John- 
son, of  Sunderland,  President  of  the  Tyne- 
side  Club,  most  ably  directed  the  proceed- 
ings  of  the  Clubs,  both  at  the  repast  and 
at  the  official  business  afterwards. 


1861.] 


Chetter  jtrchmoloffical  Society. 


523 


Mr,  Mennell,  SecrotAry  of  the  Tyneaide 
Club,  reiid  a  paper  by  Mr.  G.  a  Brndy,  of 
tb©  same  Club,  entitled  *'  Xotc«  on  tbo 
Grovi'tb  of  ft  Seaweed,"  (CafUfkamnion 
Sothii) ;  and  aootber  on  a  curiotui  in- 
•tinet  of  ibe  Waap,  written  by  Mr.  T,  J. 
Hold,  also  of  the  same  Club.  A  vultuible 
paper  on  tbe  rciinaini  of  a  Celtic  town  in 
Greaves  A&h,  near  Linbojie,  with  an  ac- 
count  of  tbe  result  of  the  excavattons 
recently  made  there,  was  then  read  by 
the  author.  Mr.  G.  Tate,  F.G,S.,  Seeretiry 
to  the  Berwickshire  Club.  Mr.  Eslph 
Carr,  of  Hedgeley,  produced  a  Saian  sQver 


I,  found  in  the  npjghh>nrhood  of  Lin- 
hope,  and  proTi'd  to  l>e  of  the  period  A*D, 
750,  and  learnedly  expounded  tbe  mono* 
grama  thereon,  Squkj  l&ttmed  observa- 
tions of  Dr,  Bruce,  upon  tbe  excavations 
at  liithopc,  and  a  diaoovrse,  which  was 
listened  to  with  great  interest,  by  Mr. 
Williamson,  opon  the  oyster  and  moasol 
bed*  now  forming  under  his  direction,  at 
tbe  instance  of  His  Grace  the  Duke  of 
Nortlmmberliind,  at  Alninouth,  concluded 
ooe  of  the  most  luccessful  meetings  which 
it  has  been  tbe  lot  of  either  of  tbe  Clubs 
to  record  Lu  tlieir  Trausactioni. 


CHESTER  AECH^OLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 
TnE  L.1TK  Thomas  liicEifiK. 


[Tm  first  monthly  meeting  of  the 
Chester  Archasological  Society  for  1S61 
was  held  on  the  26th  of  February  lant, 
but,  owing  to  occidental  circumstances, 
ita  proceedings  were  not  reported  in  our 
pages*  The  chief  business  of  the  meeting, 
however,  was  tbe  reading  of  a  paper  by 
Rirkman.  on  Chester  Cathedral,  which 
wai  brought  forward  by  the  Itev.  Canon 
Blom field,  who  prefaced  it  by  some  in- 
teresting notices  of  the  anthor^  whicb  we 
are  desirous,  even  after  this  lapse  of  time, 
to  proserve  in  cnir  pages.] 

"  Premising  that  be  appeared  thnt  even* 
ing  rnther  in  the  character  uf  an  editor 
than  of  an  author,  he  endeavoured,  in  the 
first  place,  to  ehcw  who  and  what  Kick- 
man  was,  and  what  were  his  special  ter- 
vioes  to  the  archit4>ctural  causa  iakiug 
as  his  grouudwork  tbe  short  memoir  of 
Mr.  Hickmau  which  np^icared  ju»t  twenty 
years  ago  in  the  Ge»ti.kman*s  Maoa- 
ZiyE,  ho  expUimed  that  the  future  genius 
wn.4  born  ut  Maidcnhcnd,  in  1776  ;  hia 
pa  rent  i  being  simple  QuukiT^,  and  bis 
father  a  modest  grucePp  who,  tn  the  vend- 
ing of  t«us  and  sugars,  added  the  sale  and 
pnu'tice  of  n  little  hnrwli-^s  physic-  On 
leaving  school,  young  Thomns  found  hira* 
self  U'hind  his  lalher's  counter,  where  he 
continued  until  1797,  when  he  ttx>k  a 
situntion  in  a  London  chemi&t'f  ehop,  ex* 
chuuging  that  shortly  a!terwaiiU  lor  an 
engagement  with  a  gnx»ery  firm  nt  Ssillfou 
Walden*  His  fslher,  ukmh while,  buving 
settled  At  Lewes,  his  native  place,  Thomss 
Iltckinan  was  prevailed  upon  to  join  him 
there  us  an  apothecai^y*  about  the  year 


1801,  Two  years  afterwards,  however, 
not  feeling  at  home  in  the  medical  pro- 
fession, he  bade  final  adieu  to  tbe  dispens- 
ing of  mixtures  and  pille,  and  bt*came 
(»artner  with  a  ctiro -factor  in  London, 
whence,  about  1806,  he  removed  to  Liver- 
pool, having  just  about  that  period  hud 
the  misfortune  to  lose  his  cou*iin-wife, 
Lucy  Kickumn,  of  Lewes,  whom  be  had 
married  hut  four  year*  before. 

•*  At  Liverpool,  nnd  while  s  simple  as* 
sistant  in  an  iii**»ir«uce  broker's  office, 
he  conmeneed  the  study  of  that  which 
baa  «incc  rendi'rtHl  hia  name  deservedly  fa- 
mous, viz.  ecclesiastical  architecture.  A 
great  walker,  and  having  at  that  period, 
thanks  to  his  Qunker  education,  no  particu* 
lar  reverence  for  the  Sunday  as  such,  each 
seventh  day  found  bim  rambling  about 
some  distant  town  or  village,  taking  notes 
of  the  various  churches  on  his  way,  and 
Isying  the  principles  of  that  •ound  system 
which  has  since  been  reci^nififd  as  HUiho- 
rity  by  all  motlern  students  of  Gothic 
architecture.  In  these  Sunday  and  other 
wanderings,  Hickman  is  inid  to  have  per- 
Bonnlly  visite*!  and  »y§temaiiciiny  examined 
scjiue  3*000  churches,  noting  tbeir  pecu- 
liarities of  style  and  construction,  with 
the  vnrieties  of  which  he  at  length  be- 
came io  well  acquainted  that  be  had  little 
difficulty  in  deciding,  and  in  making  his 
disciples  able  to  decide,  the  almost  pre- 
cipe date  at  which  any  church,  or  por- 
tion of  a  church,  was  erected.  IStrange 
that  all  these  residts  ahould  liave  beeu 
sou};ht  al1:er  by  a  man  whose  austere  creed 
should  the  rather  have  led  bim  to  de- 
spi^  all  formulsries  and  ornamentation, 
lM>th  in  religiou  and  lu  religious  edifices  1 
But,  aa   the  rev.  Cauon  observed*  tliU 


k^_^ 


:2; 


Antiquarian  tmd  Literary  htelRffeneer, 


[XOT. 


•^•; Ai*>'r.'*<>  ''".'•  •-.*»  ■•*r,»'rT",i»t  Vrr.p'e**  ''.^  '.nr 
h**/  7  '4«;*.-i.  '.n,?*  ■  -r.in  ^/  :;*ni*«*"  hail  '.nr.-.Dvitl 
fr'.'-rt  r,  "I  -arlv  v-,»:*h  an  a.rr.rjit  rii:*mli-.nii 

ni.nriit  *-7<»r/  '-.tRiiPT  !n  tw  Army  Lisc ;' 
h<»  v,n.'i  •^i.  *.ir.«  i>t;iil4  r/  ■snij'oTm  of 
*v*r7  vsriv-.-'r,?.,  r/"X  or. '.7  ".<  y-.:."*  own 
''r,»;r.*'^/,  r.'-.f.  of  mAn7  I^fiinar  miilrary 
na^.U'<t.*<  rf  K-tr'^f,*-,  anri  t.ir.*  «tf^n^h  awl 
7 4 In*-  of  »i,  irv.wn  prr»j«^.il«  of  war. 
W »,;;*•  iin  apt.rKT.t>ik  w.r.h  bui  fikt'ctr,  he 
h»A  *yf,r',^,T.A^jcA  V*  h'*07»n  »w*^an  emptj 
np»,#rr  ya.-r<^,  on  •?.*;  «l«k  'vf  «bu!h  he 
Ka^  /rir*^:!;;/  painrH  v.Tft*  hnrmlKfiit  of 
uriUjKT*  of  7Ario«^w  riar.ior.4,  the  nTiifomi* 

'Vth^   part 4  of  tL<i    r'x*rn    w»:r*^   adim«d 

of  Tarfar*^,  ^/^. 

**  To  r»^ir  to  onr  narmtiv*- :  hia  maid^m 
•iat^T  hsul  folUrw^  him  U»  Liv^n^iril,  ^nd 
ba/1  f,y^t*if[  hTMin^4  ait  a  «y*rifM:tioner ; 
and  thrnt:  who  w*^H  t:f»nwtiTi»nt  nifh  that 
t/fwn  «r*rr.<^  forty  ycram  n((<r  miirht  p«rr}iaf»4 
r»-Tn*TnV.*T  h*r  w*Ty  rirM-Ux#kin(r  •ihoj»-fiVint, 
th#j  rU-^ijrn  foTwhiz-h  had  Vj**^  crmtributed 
by  Mr.  irtr-kman  hima^ir  It  waa  not  no 
atat^d  at  th«;  in<:f»t,in(r,  biit  it  may  be  ol>- 
iMTVfd  hor^*  tha^  th'r  d^^i^m  waA  taken  hj 
lii'-kuitin  from  t.lif^  ('h'>ra(^c  mrmnment  of 
ThrHsyllriB,  in  (iTJ-Wft. 

"  Ht.  Mary\  I'irkfmhMid,  waa  i\(^\^eA 
liy  Mir  frifiid  and  ^r»-H>d  alKnit  thia  time : 
jimt  th<!n,  t'l",  h<!  had  marrieil  liia  aecf>nd 
wiff.  Mm  (\.  Hom«n',  whom  he  iio<'»n  aAcr- 
warrU  U/hI  in  hfr  firi«l  ronfinirm^'nt. 

"  Now  nnruf  ihii  timn  when  \tb  waa  to 
k<nvf)  I/iveriKiol  frir  |{irmin((ham,  whrm  ho 
tofik  into  jiurt-nrmhip  one  of  hia  old 
piiptia,  Mr.  Henry  Ilnirhimon;  but  on 
Mr.  Mut<'hiiiMm*i4  death,  in  ISTU),  he  car- 
ried on  bin  large  hnaineiia  nlone  fnr  foar 
yearn  iifterwiirrln,  wlien  he  aUie<l  bimaelf 
to  another  friend  and  kindre<l  %\)\r\X,  Mr. 
ii.  (*.  IfiiMM'y,  with  whmn  he  coiitinned  in 

K'ofi'Nfiionul  nni'Mi  tr>  tho  flay  of  hia  death, 
r.  lIuuM'y  in  the  trenilenian  under  whoae 
■uapiei'a  aiirl  dirertion  the  nnuieroufl  altera- 
tiona  and  iniproveinenta  have  liecn  carri«'d 
on  in  (MieNter  Cnthfilnil  for  the  laat  twenty  - 
yeiim.auil  whohaa  nioren*eently(M>nducted 
the  rentorHtiona  (if  Ht.  tlohn'a  ('hnrch. 

"  lll-natun>d  critiea  have  maintained 
that  Kirk  man  wna  aimply  nn  antiquary, 
■ihI  iioI.  nn  nrehiteet.  and  that  hia  numer- 
nna  pnifeaaioniil  work  a  never  n>ac  above 
inediorrity.  Dut  hi  eontradiction  of  tbia» 
tilt  Hev.  <'aiioii   iiientifmcd   that  when 


Pir"'ttm»«*'t  ApQRrtinBiHi  a  aiilllini<if  inmeT 

fiir  '.T^.  ■^^•^t'tn  ">f  r!i»w  -^nrcnea.  and  -vacn 
the  -9  -.riiX  :^  slneilMi  arraitert*  wer«»  in- 
viswi  Vj  «#r.ii  =n  liiinana  n:r  •;nmc«tirlca, 
th«  .»'t!i*  <;fi;iA*»r-arr«f!r  fnis'vefiefi  in  carrr- 
Ingr  -.if  '.ah  :inc  priz*>.  ind  waa  fmnmcned 
tt>  Lr^niinn  v^  imna*  fnr  «arry^Ptr  hi*  plana 
into  *C*r*..  "Ti*  sof  lilnov  ni  St  John'f 
Coui!;p^.  f>inbrii«e.  and  the  diarebea  of 
Hjt.Tpcon  Loiry  in  Warwii:k.4hire,  And  of 
Oalrrjn  m  Y'-.ni.«h:r».  w*ris  aifiiitioQal  evl- 
dftne«H  of  bfa  ■nT.mti've  «kiC  a*  an  architect. 

**  On  th«  4ta  of  Jxana^,  1S35,  havae 
ten  montha  pre^v^nalj  b»<a  seized  with 
apopieiy,  Thomaa  Bickmaa  qni«€lr  pased 
away  lt>  hia  rest,  leaviiie  a  widow  iliis 
third  w-fe)  and  two  chlWren  aa  the  m- 
lyr^on  of  hia  name  and  &m«.  He  Ilea 
boried  in  the  churchyard  of  St.  George'a. 
Bhroini^ham,  of  which  chnirh  he  waa  the 
architect,  and  where  a  mon-unent,  we  be- 
lieve erected  by  snbacription,  exista  to  bis 
merriory.  Aa  already  stated.  Riekman  waa 
oriirinaUy  a  Quaker,  bat  inclining  Inter  in 
life  to  a'oKire  florid  ritual,  he  became  an 
ardent  rlidciple  of  Irvinz,  whcae  tenets^  as 
eriun^iated  by  the  late  Mr.  Drommood,  he 
continued  to  follow  during  the  remainder 
of  hi;*  days. 

"The 'Hev.  Canon  related  an  amoshig 
anecdote  of  hia  own  peraooal  meeting  with 
Kickman.  He  waa  travelling  on  one  oc* 
caaion  in  a  stage-conch,  and  had  drawn 
the  converiMtion  gradually  into  an  archi- 
tectural channel.  One  of  hia  companions 
in  travel,  an  e!d<rrly  gentleman  in  Quaker 
costume,  after  some  general  remarka,  ad- 
drewHrd  him  aa  follows: — 'Yoang  fiiend, 
thee  <4eemeat  to  have  some  taste  for  archi- 
tecture: whrre  didst  thee  pick  it  up?' 
The  future  Canon  replied  that  the  little 
he  knew  of  the  subject  be  had  obtained 
from  the  perusal  of  Mr.  Rickman'a  clever 
work  on  Gothic  architecture.  'Indeed, 
friend,'  mid  his  querist, '  is  that  verily  so? 
Then,  I  am  Thomaa  Riekman.' 

"The  U^ctnrer  then  proceeded  to  read 
the  paper  itself,  which  he  considered  Rick- 
man  nnist  have  originally  written  about 
1817,  while  Dean  Cholmondeley  waa  at 
the  head  of  the  Chapter,  and  about  which 
time  the  architect  \k  known  to  have  been 
very  frequently  in  Chester  on  his  ordinary 
Hunday  expefVitions.  As  the  paper  itself 
will  lie  printe<l  in  fhll  in  a  future  number 
of  the  Society's  illustrated  Journal,  it  will 
be  nnnecemiary  here  to  say  more  than  that 
Riekman  declares  Chester  Cathedral  to  be 
as  interesting,  in  an  architectural  point  of 
view,  as  any  of  the  cnthedruls  of  England, 
York.  Salisbury,  and  Canterbury  perhaps 
alono  excepted ;  and  that  some  of  the 
windows  in  St.  Oswald's  Church  were  not 


1861.]     Kilkenny  and  South-East  of  Ireland  ArchmoU  Soc*      525 


gnrpnssfd  even  in  York  Minster.  Rick- 
mun  conieasetl  tlmt  be  hud  rend  I'ttk*  or 
Tl'^thiiig  of  thtj  bistory  of  ibe  cutthedrnl  j 
bnt  Canon  UlijmB«'ld  shewed  freqiuntly. 
in  his  critirism  of  the  paper,  b.>th  from 
.the  unna1»  of  the  Abhey  and  the  pages  of 
King*8*Vtile  Koyal/  that,  notwithstflnd- 
inf^  all  this,  Riekraan  had,  in  manj  notable 
iliMtiinces,  actually  prntitint  oat  the  very 

?reftr8  in  which  the  aevenil  stages  of  bulki- 
ng or  restoration  hud  taken  place.  The 
paper,  in  Cict,  aftbrds  a  p<?rfwt  chronolojry 
of  the  building  of  the  Abbey,  from  the 
earliest  fienod  down  to  its  condition  at 
the  crm«  of  the  Reformation.  The  Hev. 
Canon  explained,  in  conclucion,  that  he 
woA  indebted  for  the  immetliate  use  of  the 
document  to  Mr.  J.  Peacock,,  of  Chester, 
who  bad  received  it  some  tlirce  years  ago 
Jrom  Mr.  Thomas  Hodkinson,  who  hud 
Krain>  as  he  anppoied,  obtained  it  from 
Mr.  Jones^  formerly  mi  ftrohitect  af  thai 
city." 

Mr.  Thomas  Hodkini^n,  who  was  pre* 
ieut  at  the  meetings  corrected  the  Rev. 
[  Canon's  8ap|>0«ition,  by  explavning  that 
^r.  Jones  bad  never  seen  the  paper,  which 
he  (Mr*  H.)  bad  copied  from  the  original 
long  since,  by  perml&iiion  of  the  late 
Bev.  Joseph  Euton,  who,  as  precentor  of 


till*  ciiithcN[lrnl,  held  pos.<ie«sion  of  the  docu- 
ment, which  Rick  man  had  no  douht  pre- 
senteil,  forty  years  ago,  to  the  then  Dean 
and  Chapter. 

After  some  remarka  bj  the  Chairmim 
and  other  gentlemen, 

Mr,  T.  Hughes  ohserved  that  reference 
hnd  been  made  to  Hickman  hairing  been 
in  partnership  with  Mr,  Hutchinson.  It 
was  evidently,  he  said,  unknown  to  Canon 
Blom  field  that  this  Mr.  Hutchinson  wag 
fathiT  of  the  Rev.  T.  N.  Hutch in^m,  for- 
merly of  the  Chester  Training  Collc^^ 
but  now  of  King  Edward's  School,  Bir- 
mingham, whose  beautiful  drawings  then 
aflorued  their  walls,  in  ilkatration  of  the 
paper  of  the  evening.  Mr.  Hughes  ex- 
plftiued,  alao,  that  Riekman  was  an  old 
and  welcome  Mend  at  the  house  of  Mr. 
Harrison,  architect  of  the  Castle  and 
(Trosvcnor  Bridge;  and  that  prohably  to 
that  fVifndship  was  owing,  in  a  great  mea- 
sare,  this  vuluahle  t<  stimony,  from  the 
greatest  eccleniologist  of  his  day,  to  the 
architectural  beauties  and  peculiarities  of 
Chester  Cathedral. 


KILKENNY  AND  SOUTH-EAST  OF  IBELAN^D  ARCH^O- 
LOGICAL  SOCIETY, 


Oct.  2.     Babbt  DiLANT,  Eiiq,,  M.D., 
fin  the  chair. 

The     following     new     members   were 
[  «lectefl :— Captain   Edward  Magutre,   Ist 
rBo))dfl;    Rev,  Dr,  tireliam,  Kingstown; 
'  John     Otway    Cuffc,     Em^i    Miaaenden- 
hoiise,  Bucks. ;  Richard  MagfC.  lL*q.,  As- 
sistant-Surgeon, Kilkenny    t'TiHltiers ;  and 
Mr.  Laurence  0*Brtan,  MuUinahooa. 
The  auditors,  Me^^r^.  J.  U.  Robertson 
nd  P,  A.  Aylward,  brought  up  the  Trea- 
nrer'a  aeconnfc*  for  the  year  1860  ;  shew- 
ting  the  gross  recetpta  to  he  £316  Os.  2id., 
•nd   the  onthiy,  £266  ISs.  dd.,  leaving 
halnnce   in   favour   of  the   Society   of 
40   U.  6 id.     The  outlay  embraced  an 
xpenditure  of  £18  incurred  that  year  in 
emoving  obstructTons  and  acquiring  an 
dditional  portion  of  the  ruins  at  Jerpoint 
kbbey. 

'  The  Rev,  Charles  Vignolea,  Rector  of 
Clonmacnolse — with  reference  to  a  jfara- 
graph  going  the  found  of  tbc  Press,  and 


which  originated  with  a  correspondent  of 
"  SuuntlerH'  News* Letter**  regarding  the 
recent  discovery  of  a  cavern  near  Clonmac- 
noise,  described  as  "  the  retreat  of  the 
ancient  Iribh  kings'' — intimated  to  the 
Society  that,  from  incjulry  oti  the  spot^ 
*'hc  has  no  hesitation  in  af!irndng  that  it 
is  a  pure  fiction.'*  He  believed  there  was 
no  doubt  of  the  finding,  some  time  since, 
of  a  gold  crown  and  collar  somewhere  in 
that  district,  hut  of  the  particuhirs  of  the 
discovery  nothing  was  known  with  cer- 
tainty. The  account  of  the  cave,  with 
Ha  **  ten  elaborately  ornamented  ocfa^onal 
■tabs,  covered  with  Ogham  inscriptions/* 
WHS  too  ridiculons,  and  obviously  owtMl  its 
origin  to  the  prolific  imagination  of  the 
newspaper  correspondent  ■. 


«  We  printed  this  statement  Isst  rooatH.  (Ucwt. 
Mao.,  Oct.  IWI.  p,  S57.)  in  tbc  hop*  (ua  wo  th«a 
stnted)  of  obtainiaf  lafunnution  upon  the  mat- 
ter ;  and  wc  twg  to  tluink  Mr,  Ylgnoles  for  his 
•tatcmoot  oa  the  subject. 


526 


Antiquarian  a  id  Literary  JtUelligencer. 


[Not. 


The  Murcbloness  of  Ormoude  pre«ent»*d 
to  the  Museum  il  portion  of  one  of  tbose 
biicteut  timber  ftmctures  so  freqneDtlj 
found  near  streams  tn  Irelnnd,  tmd  ascer- 
tHioed  to  Imve  been  the  woter-millH  of  the 
primeval  inhabitanta.  In  rtefercDGC  to  the 
Huhject  of  this  presentation,  Hr.  Robertson 
made  the  following  obsen'fitioiis : — 

*'  The  mem  ben  of  the  Society,  no  dotiht, 
are  awnre  of  tlie  extensive  alterations 
mid  improvements  now  in  progress  ftt 
Kilkenny  Ciistle.  Among  other  works, 
a  iiirgc  i>f)nd  hm  been  this  aumtner 
formed  in  the  angle  of  the  lawn  adjoining 
the  well  generally  called  the  '  Seven 
Springs.*  It  was  whilst  excavating  the 
basin  of  this  pond  that  the  remains  now 
brought  under  your  notice  were  dia- 
covered.  They  appear  to  have  formed 
portions  of  au  ancient  mill,  and  couBist  of 
a  very  hirge  trough,  throe  beams,  and 
three  shiba  of  oak.  The  trough  being 
the  most  importaiit  purt,  and  that  on 
whit'h  tho  greatest  lutRmr  was  bestowed, 
is  the  only  portion  which  has  heen  placed 
in  the  Society's  Mu&eum.  The  timber  is 
quite  black,  being  now  what  is  known  ikS 
*  bog  Qfik :'  a  great  portion  of  the  out* 
iide  is  decayed,  and  may  be  broken  off  In 
email  pieces;  the  heart  is,  however,  qnite 
sound.  Tbe  trough  is  %h,  long  at  the 
bott'tm,  and  711.  -lin.  long  at  the  topi 
in  width,  3  ft.  2  in.  at  one  end,  and  2  il. 
4  ID.  at  tbe  other;  depth,  1ft,  2  in.  at 
the  wide  end,  and  1  ft,  10  in.  at  tbe 
umall.  It  is  excavated  to  a  depth  of  1  ft. 
6  in,  at  th©  smaller  end,  from  which  the 
water  fell  on  the  wheel  by  two  openings, 
of  which  the  dimensions  respectively  are 
6 in.  by  8  in.,  and  9  in.  hy  12 in.;  the 
thickness  of  tbe  timher  through  which 
these  opening  arc  made  is  about  1  ft. 
Tbe  other  extremity  is  open,  and^  in  the 
bottom  neAr  this  end  there  is  an  orifice 
inside,  5  in,  by  4.  Two  b«;aniH  were  11  ft, 
long,  by  liin,,  by  Bin.,  with  mortije 
hok's  cut  in  them  12  in.  long  by  6  wide, 
and  6  in,  deep.  One  beam  was  7  ft,  long, 
by  15  in.,  by  6  in.  Three  slabs,  the  long- 
est 7  ft,  by  12  in.,  by  3  in.  These  skhs 
were  rather  fejither-edged,  and  had  mor- 
tise holes  in  them.  I  am  informed  by 
tbe  workmen  that  the  trough  was  found 
about  five  feet  beneath  the  surface  j  tho 
large   beams  under   the  ends  of  it,   and 

the  plunk^t  f- -  -  ■  '^   ''     v     ns  a  sort 

nf  frame  foi  i.     The 

workmen  »l-  ould   in 

whicli  tbr'  tinihtTs  were  wa*  bhick  lw>g 
earth,  although  the  sumnmdiiig  soil  was 
gravelly,     I  may  direct  your  attention  t^ 


tbe  great  size  of  the  tr^e  whidi  yielded  a 
square  piece  of  the  timber  of  tlie  dimen- 
sions of  tbe  troigh." 

The  Rev.  James  Qrara  said  that  the 
students  of  Irish  history  were  familiar 
with  the  main  features  of  the  capture  of 
Thomns  Earl  of  Ormonde,  by  the  chief- 
tain of  the  O'Mores  of  Leix,  in  the  spring 
of  the  year  1600,  A  parley  ha\ing  been 
arranged  between  the  Earl  and  Ownj 
McUory  O^More,  tho  Earl,  act^ompoxited  by 
Sir  George  Corew,  Lord  President  of  Mmii- 
ster,  and  the  Earl  of  Thomond,  with  a  smalt 
band  of  atten(ianti§,  proceeded  from  Kil- 
kenny to  a  place  not  now  easily  identified, 
bat  which  seems  to  have  been  approached 
hy  the  old  road  leading  over  the  hilU  from 
Ballyragget  to  Ballinakill.  Here  they 
met  O'Moro,  attended  by  Father  Archer, 
a  Jesuit  and  a  celebrated  political  cha- 
racter of  the  day,  and  a  number  of  kerns ; 
and  while  the  ]tarley  proceeded,  the  re- 
tainers of  the  Inbh  chieftain  gradually 
surrounded  the  Earl,  and  before  their  de- 
sign was  observed,  succeeded  in  pulling 
him  ^m  his  horse,  nt  the  same  time 
making  a  general  attack  on  bis  com- 
panions and  attendants,  who,  however, 
contrived  to  cut  their  way  through  the 
attacking  party  and  efiect  their  escapa 
to  Kilkenny,  leaving  Lord  Ormonde  and 
three  of  his  servants  prisoners  with  the 
Irish.  The  State  Paper  OiBce  in  liou* 
don  contained  the  reports  made  to  the 
English  Oovemraent  hy  tlie  Irish  clEcialt 
of  the  day,  which  threw  b  great  deal  of  i 
curious  light  on  the  circumstabees  of  thli 
transaction,  and  elucidated  many  points 
which  contemporary  historians  h;id  left,  in 
doubt — in  particular  refuting  an  instnna- 
tioD  hrondly  made  at  the  time,  and  oflen 
since  revived,  that  the  Earl  had  connived 
at  his  own  capture,  he  having  been  sus- 
pected by  the  then  Government  of  hold- 
ing views  favourable  to  the  Irifch  party, 
in  eonsesquence  of  having  refused  to  act 
as  the  tool  for  bringing  about  the  sug- 
gestiHl  assassination  of  Q'NeiL  Mr, 
Graves  then  read  a  large  number  of  Uw 
mo«t  interesting  of  the  documents  to 
which  he  referred,  and  which  were  or- 
diTed  to  be  printed  in  the  Socict^'i  I 
*  TrausBCtioas.' 


1861.]        Society  of  Antiquaries,  Newcastk-upon-Tyne. 


527 


^^  me 


It  Appears  from  Bome  of  the  lottery 
tlifit  tlte  £url  wa^  in  the  5nit  tnstunci3| 
iflncd  by  O^More  in  the  castle  of  Gort- 
clefl^a  squure  tower^still  standing— on 
e  high-road  between  Aghuvoc  and 
Idx.  From  this  places  of  duxance 
e  wrote  the  foUuwing  letter  to 
k  George  Carew  :^ — 

*'  My  very  good  Lord,^ — I  hcarUly 
tbimke  you  for  the  lovinge  and  kynde 
pdstcript  sent  in  my  lortl  of  Toniaiide*g 
letter.  1  am  in  such  cnse  here  tt»  I  cau' 
not  send  or  receive  ought  by  leltir  or 
mO'Sagt*  but  that  they  must  bothe  ^e 
d  knovre  the  stime.  Wherefore  I  mast 
ffer  ttU  your  proceetfinges  to  your  Lord- 
ip'i  grove  and  consydenite  judgement, 
^thinge  yoa  should  acqun>nt  uiy  Lord 
Dputie  how  tliingM  fell  out  here,  to 
whomc  I  nm  not  allowed  to  wryte  as 
yet.  Your  Lordship  maye  be  advysed  by 
Ilia  Lordshipi  seinge  I  cannot  advyse  you 
in  partyculer  nor  iuffered  to  wryte  whiit 
I  woukL  I  doubt  liuthiiigo  of  your  Lord- 
ship's good  will  toward"^  me,  and  wyshe 
you  abould  not  of  myne  in  any  thinge 
I  may  possyhle.  I  pray  you  to  pri>ciire 
that  no  means  be  m^a^^  to  rescue  me,  for 
that  my  lyff  stands  upon  it,  tyll  I  ujaye 
knowe  of  Owi»y  MeUory  what  point  he 
will  be  at  with  me.  And  so  wyahing  you 
mil  pro^porotu  sneoease,  I  commyt  you  to 
God.— OortnecU'he,  the  Utb  of  April, 
1600. 

**  Vonr  Lordship's  most  anfortunate  and 
^ery  asisurei)  to  you» 

"Thomas  Oemokde  ajtd  Obsort." 

Tbe  most  curious  port  of  the  tranaac- 
tion  loems  to  bo  that  a  female  friend  of  the 
Karl  was  sent  hy  tlio  Government  to  open 
a  communication  with  him  in  hia  c»ptivity. 
The  State  Paper  Offite  documents  give 
no  due  to  enable  us  to  discover  who  this 


lady»  culled  Honor o,  was ;  but  in  a  letter 
of  Sir  GefTrey  Fen  ton's  she  is  mentioned 
as  'Hhe  gentlewoman  who  was  to  lie  in 
the  Earrs  room." 

The  following  letter  from  Sir  Tliomai 
Stafford  to  Sir  Robert  Cecill  alludes  to 
the  terms  of  the  Eurl  of  Ormonde's  re- 
lenge — his  lordship  had  to  give  a  bond 
of  £3,CKX)  not  to  revenge  himsolf  on 
0*More,  besides  the  twelve  hoatagea  re- 
ferred to : — 

"Your  Honor  shall  nowe  umderstande 
tlmtt  the  13th  of  June  the  Erie  of  Or- 
monde was  sett  att  liberty e  and  cam  unto 
Kylkennye.  There  ys  xij,  pled^^ea  lefte 
with  Onye  McKorye  for  the  perform aunee 
of  all  eovenanntea  betweene  them.  The 
Erie  ^ytheufi  h)'t  lybertye  hnthe  wrytteii 
unto  my  Lorde  Deputye,  and  Ix^ynge  by 
hys  ympryosonmcutte  weake  and  nott 
able  to  ryde,  ys  verye  deayromi  uppon 
secret te  oeeasyons  to  confer  with  my 
Lonle»  and  my  Lorde  Deputye  purpoaetlie 
to  satysifye  hys  de«j/re  and  detennynctho 
to  tftko  hyi*  jorney  towarcle^i  my  Ijorde 
of  Ormonde  the  18tb  of  June.  I  doe 
judge  thatt  the  place  of  incatyngc  shalbee 
art  Caterlagbe  or  Leughelsme.  ...  » ,  , .  . 
Wytho  the  rememhrannce  of  my  mosite 
humble  servyiiie*  I  eommytt  your  tlonour 
to  the  prctlectyon  of  the  Hvgheste. 
— Diiblyn  the  20tb  of  June,  1600> 

Communitiitions  were  submitted  to  the 
meeting  from  the  Ven.  the  Dean  of 
LeighHn  on  some  '*  Anglo-Saxon  Runes 
on  early  Cross  Shibu  in  England;*'  «nd 
from  the  Kev.  J.  H.  Riade  on  '*  the 
Sculptured  upper  Stone  of  a  Quenip  found 
in  County  Fermannglu'* 

11] e  meeting  adjournal  to  the  first 
Wednt'sday  in  JaDuary  next. 


SOCIETY  OF  A:jmQUARIES, 

Aug,  7.  JoHJf  C?i*4TTOK,  E«q.,  F.S  A-» 
'.-P.,  in  the  chair. 
George  Crawshay,  Esq,,  of  Haughton 
ie»  was  elected  a  member, 
r.  Feuwiek  requested  the  Society  to 
move  in  favour  of  conaervation  of  the 
Weavers*  Tower,  a  relic  of  the  fkst  diHap- 
pearing  town  wall  of  Xewcustle.  It  ^^aa 
threatened  by  a  police  station.  Ue  re- 
metiilH.'n'd  the  cirt^uit  of  the  whole  wall, 
and  how  »t  was  occupied  by  the  military 


NE  WCASTLE-UPON-TY  NK 

during  the  laat  French  war.  Mr.  Wbeat* 
ley  seomded  the  motion  for  a  memorial 
to  the  Corporation,  in  accordance  with 
Mr.  Fenwiek*s  view* ;  and  Mr.  Longstuffe 
could  not  help  recalling  the  borbariam  by 
which  the  Pink  Tower  bad  been  destroy ed« 
and  a  moat  interesting  feature  lost  to  the 
John  Knox  Chapel.  The  Chairman  be- 
lieved that  the  pluns  did  not  involve  the 
deit  ruction  of  the  Weavers*  Tower,  but  ad- 
mitted tliat  it  might  be  well  to  strengthen 


628 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Nov. 


tbe  bands  of  conserviitioti  by  tho  memorial 
proposed.     The  mcmorjal  wits  agreed  to. 

Mr,  Wute  read  the  following  notes,  and 
concluded  with  some  referetieca  to  the 
present  condition  and  rcligioiu  habitt  of 
Scoiland  :— 

*'Up  Deo  tide  a  little  west  of  Lum- 
phanan  station,  and  upwards  of  twenty 
miles  west  of  Aberdeen,  I  observed  a 
moated  mount  formed  for  dt-fenee  against 
hostile  neighbouri.  The  top  b  Rat,  and 
may  Iw  about  lifty  yardj*  in  diameter, 
widening  dowTi  to  the  buse^  and  the  foss© 
round  it,  about  thirty  yards  wide,  it  fiUed 
with  water.  A  low  stone  dyke  runs  roand 
the  edge  of  the  summit,  but  this  is  of 
modem  erection,  atjd  no  tnices  of  build- 
ings are  seen  upon  it.  I  also  noticed  a 
mount  of  similar  construction  up  the  river 
Don,  near  the  railway  from  Aberdeen  to 
Inverness. 

"The  battle-field  of  Culloiien  is  a  lofty 
and  wide  rounded  moor,  nearly  all  now  in 
a  state  of  cultivation,  about  fire  miles 
north-cast  from  Inverness.  It  is  nearly 
level  on  the  top,  ascending  gently  to  the 
south-west,  and  may  extend  about  three- 
quarters  of  a  mile.  Standing  upon  it  we 
see  on  the  east  a  higher  range  of  heathy 
hillj<j  while  to  the  north  the  eye  wanders 
over  tbe  broad  expanse  of  the  Moray  flrtb, 
and  the  eastern  eoost  of  ItosS'»hire.  On 
tho  west  the  irth  narrows  towards  Inver- 
ness, brtiQtrhing  up  into  Loch  Beauly  among 
dark  inoun tains,  while  Ben  Wyvis  soars 
above  them  at  a  d)i!tuncG  of  twenty  miles. 
I  was  fortunate  in  liaving  the  company  pf 
two  young  gentlemen,  Mr.  Kennedy  and 
Mr.,  Simpson,  from  Dundee,  whUe  eiaiuin' 
ing  the  field;  and  Mr. Monro,  the  game* 
keepor  at  Cullodeu  House,  very  obligingly 
pointi'd  out  to  us  the  several  places  of 
interest.  Prince  Charles  occupied  the 
highest  point  of  tbe  moor  to  the  south* 
west,  about  half- a- mile  or  more  from  th© 
Dake  of  Cumberliindj  who  mounted,  it  is 
•aid,  a  very  large  stone,  two  ynrds  high 
And  At©  in  diumeter,  near  to  the  pubUc 
road,  and  the  battle  was  fought  in  tbe 
■pace  between  them.  An  old  cottage  is 
still  standing  amid  a  crop  of  oats,  which 
wai  occupied  by  an  tiged  lame  man  when 
the  contest  commcnci'd,  and  a  small  cannon* 
bnll  having  struck  the  pot  on  the  fire  in 
which  his  fijod  was  cooking,  breaking  it  to 
pieces,  be  drew  to  his  bed,  and  lay  there 
till  the  battle  was  fought.  At  the  edge 
of  the  mcloBure,  among  the  growing  corn, 
Mr.  Mottro  Bhewcnl  us  a  well  where  a  cliief 
of  the  chin  Moclnt^i^h  was  killed.  Being 
Attacked  by  the  English  drsguoni,  h^  de- 


feuded  himself  mth  his  dirk  and  Qbymore 
so  bravely,  that  when  his  body  was  dia- 
covt'red  HlMut  uxteen  of  bis  foes  lay  deaMl  j 
around   him.     Robert  Chambers  pccr»nls 
the    circumstance  with    some    variatiim,  J 
quoting  from  a  note  at  page  200  of  Cro-  i 
mek's  *  Hemains,*  and  giving  tbe  name  of  j 
the  Hig^hlunder  ai  Golic«  Macbanc,  saying  ^ 
that  he  killM  thirteen  of  the  enemy.    The  { 
public  road  runs  over  a  slight  «*levation 
on  the  west  side  of  the  field,  consisting  of  I 
several  acres  tliat  have  hitherto  eacH})ed 
the  levelling  plough-sijare.     On  tbe  e<lge 
of  this  ground  towards  Inverness,  a  largo 
quantity  of  stones  are  collected,  and  a 
very  rough  fonodation  laid  for  a  pyra4ind  , 
to  oommemorAte  the  »Iain ;  bat  not  bein^  j 
put  together  in  Rcoordunce  with  tbe  gooa  j 
taste  prevalent  in  the  ninete*»nlh  ceniurjf, 
the  erection  very  propej-ly  has  been  itia- 
continiied.      Eastward    again    from   this  I 
spot,  on    tbe  opposite  side  of  the  ri)ad„ 
among   tbe  stunted  heather,  appear  the 
trenobcs  stretching  due  nturtb  and  south,  I 
and  graves  all  grueu  with  grass  where  thu  ] 
brave  Highhindirs  who  feU  there  repose* 
On  our  way  to  Inverness  we  came  to  an 
old  man  breaking  titoucs.  who  told  na  tbiit  I 
he  had  seen  several  men  that  were  pro* 
sent  at  th«^  battle,  but  they  disliked  td 
bear  it  mentioned. 

**  On  our  course  from  Inverness  tbroogH 
the  Caledonian  Canal,  we  passed  on  our 
right  a  ruined  castle,  which  bad  belonged 
to  the  clan  of  Miicdonuclls.  Still  further 
on  we  observed  a  Bmall  obelisk  at  a  well, 
on  the  margin  of  tbe  loch,  which  had  bocn 
erected  to  preserve  on  incident  of  the  fol- 
lowing tragedy.  The  young  chief  of  tbe 
Mftcdonnelie  had  been  murdere<i  by  a 
distant  branch  of  the  aume  family.  A 
vassal  of  the  old  cliieftain  went  to  avenge 
tbe  deed,  and  killed  a  father  and  his  kix 
aons.  Cutting  ofi*  their  beads,  be  conveyed 
the  latter  as  a  present  to  his  lord,  and  on 
passing  this  well  he  washed  the  seven 
bloody  trophies  therein,  that  by  their 
cleanly  sppearance  they  might  be  moro 
acceptable  to  tbe  receiver.  Snch  Wm  tbd  j 
outline  of  tlie  talc  as  it  was  told  me  ia 
eight  of  tbe  memorial » 

"  On  the  t^ostem  side  of  the  bleak  and 
rocky  island  of  lona*  whence*  we  see  Stalfa 
on  the  north,  ii  a  cuttiviitcd  piece  of  land 
comprising  about  twenty  acres.  Some 
cottages  and  dwelling  houses  are  upon  it, 
bot  tbe  principal  ohjo^t^  m'  ;r.ii.r...<  m^^  j 
an  old  monastery  or  u  cb,  | 

both  unroofed,  about  ti  ^  nrda  I 

distant  from  each  other ;  and  tienr  {m  the  j 
church  u  an  old  burying-ground.  about  [ 
fifty  yards  square,  with  a  chapel  in  It.,  of  | 
which  the  roof  is  also  gone.  In  this  plao«  [ 


1861,]         Socieij/  of  Antiquaries,  Newcantle-upon-Tyne. 


529 


'  the  dend  are  either  seven  or  nine  tqwa 
'  proves,  closely  pieJcid  together  —  one 
leontnlning  the  remanie  of  above  forty  early 
iKin^fl  of  Scothinil,  four  IriaU  inonarchs, 
land  tight  XonA'egian  jirmces.   The  j^itve* 
(tones  here  nre  very  uamerous, — indeed 
onie  of  the  rows  it  re  nearly  coven  d  with 
beio.    But  in  the  ruing  of  the  tnowastery, 
l«Dd  eepcoiully  in  the  ohurcLi  and  also  in 
I  the  chapel  of  the  hurying-j^round^  are  a 
number  of  sculplured  stone:*,  idl  in 
fliute  of  dettiy,  but  exhibitiog'  much 
rirtlsiic  beiiuty.     Not  ninny  are  of  free* 
one,  the  chief  portion  ht'ing  of  a  tlitty 
harntrter,  partakings  of  the  euraraon  rug- 
litoue  upon  ivhieh  workmen  shiirijeo  their 
ola.     H lit f' way  between  the  mouftatcry 
nd  church,  dose  by  the  foot-put h,  is  a 
all  ancient  cr«iR8;  iiud  in  the  garth  of  the 
burch  IB  another  mngniticent  cto§s, covered 
J  thtf  top  with  old  mois,  nnd  not  leag  than 
1X4  feet  hig:h|  placed  on  a  hn<j:e  pede«tal  of 
granite,  the  conuTa  of  which  are  all 
panded  by  the  action  of  the  Kia  nir.  Well 
night   Dr.  Johnson  be  deeply  impressed 
with  the  appearance  of  this  hallowed  spot. 
I  hati  one  regret  on  viewing  it,  which  was 
that  in  Britain  we  have  Antiquarian  So- 
'e'etjf^  ult  over  the  land,  and  an  Archa?- 
^ologic;il  lueititute,  and  among  the^  bodieii 
no  attempt  has,  to  my  knowledge*  bt*cn 
tnade  t«  throw  a  roof  over  some  mitable 
portion  of  these  roina,  and  gather  the  re- 
maining ttionmnenta  under  it,  that  they 
may  be  preaerved  to  future  times,  telling 
those  who  come  at\er  us  what  was  done 
in  I  on  a  during  the  early  period  of  our 
Church  hi»itory* 

**  The  lighter  departments  of  our  litera* 
ture  havo  charm9,  however,  for  ua  equally 
powerful  as  carved  Bt^nes.  I  landed  at 
Greenock  to  &eo  the  last  reating-plac«  of 
•  Highland  Mary/ the  girl  who  caught  the 
ftttention  and  drew  forth  sonie  beautiful 
strains  from  the  great  national  poet  of 
Scotland.  A  large  and  very  beautiful 
monument  Ib  placed  at  the  head  of  her 
grave.  On  journeying  to  Ayr  and  Alio- 
wjiy  Kirk  I  mnde  free  to  intrudi*  upon  the 
privacy  of  Misses  Agnca  and  Isiibulla  Uegg, 
nieces  of  Robert  Burns,  Two  months  ago 
I  exhibited  in  thi*  room  specimcnt  of  the 
bard*a  handwriting,  and  drew  thereby  an 
inference  respecting  his  persotial  apjH.n*r- 
ance,  Aceorilingly,  it  W3i«  with  no  ^rnall 
8ati«frt4'ti<ni  that  I  learned  from  the  \\\i» 
of  tlicse  nmiable  members  of  the  Buriui 
family  the  correctncas  of  my  Bnp[xwition, 
for  hlfi  eyes  and  hair  were  not  black,  but 
of  dark  brown*  I  ulso  vr^^ited  the  puets 
danghtpr,  Mrs-Tltotiipson,  at  Hope  Cot- 
tagi%  near  (rlasignw,  nn<i  thought  I  dii- 
covere^l  in  her  eyes  and  brow  mnch  of  the 
Ojorr.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXI. 


intellectnal  eipreasiou  we  see  in  the  por- 
traits of  her  father.  Charlea  Dickena 
himsi'lf  is  not  more  remarkable  for  thi* 
petuliiirity  of  countenance. 

*'  When  lit  Glatigaw  I  could  not  forbear 
going  over  to  Stirling,  and  in  company 
with  my  two  young  frieudii,  Mr,  Kennedy 
and  Mr.  Simpson,  for  we  still  kept  to- 
gether, I  walked  once  more  over  the 
ground  at  Banuockbuni.  We  were  ngaln 
ao  fortuuate  as  to  meet  5ilr.  Laird,  game- 
keeper on  the  estat^e,  another  frank  and 
intelligent  man,  who  pointed  out  to  tit 
several  Iscalitics  connected  with  the  his- 
tory of  the  battle.  What  I  learned  only 
tended  to  confirm  my  opinion  of  the  great 
talents  Jiobert  Bruce  [wsgeised  as  a  eon* 
snmmate  generah  In  case  of  defrat  he 
h«d  done  all  he  could  to  preserve  the  re- 
miiimh r  of  his  army  >  but  fortune  at  lost 
sndled  upoD  him,  and  he  became,  throagh 
the  means  he  possessed^  the  iuatmment 
of  saving  his  country  from  foreign  do- 
minion.** 

Mr.  White  also  described  the  stool,  or  ra- 
ther bench,  of  repentance  preserved  in  the 
west  church  of  Greenock.  Dr.  Bruce  had 
peraonolly  seen  the  rebuke  administered  in 
Glasgow.  8ome  observations  were  mado 
on  Ihe  recent  ttse  and  present  leguUty  of 
the  punishment  in  England. 

Dr.  Brucia,  F.S.A.,  gave  some  Informa- 
tion and  f^bibited  sketches  obtained  from 
Mr.  Henry  T.  \\'ake,  of  Scotby,  of  some 
Roman  remains  discovered  in  May  last,  on 
the  sit«  of  Mr.  Thomas  Blair's  house,  near 
the  *' Journal"  OlRce,  tn  Knglisb-Mtreet^ 
Ciirlisle,  in  rebuilding  which  office,  it  will 
be  remeinbered,  former  disooveries  took 
place*.  There  were  three  inscribed  stone«. 
One,  with  a  iuidf  square  at  the  top,  evi- 
dently for  the  reception  of  statues  of  the 
godde^  mothers,  the  Fates,  is  Inscribed — 

MATRIB.  PARC  PRO  8ALVT 

Another,  a  votive  altar  with  the  name 
lASVAUivs  amongst  other  lettering,  is 
Fcry  mtitilnted.  The  thiixl.  though  muti* 
lated,  has  a  perfect  inscription ; — 

FARCIS 
P&OBO 
DONA  TALIS 
TATKB.  V.  B. 
L.  M. 

The  coins  found  n  ere  corroded  and  uninw 
•  Orarr.  Uaq.,  April,  1B60,  p.  U<k 

d8 


530 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Nov. 


portant.  One  seemed  to  be  a  small  brass 
of  the  Lower  Empire.  Among  other  frag- 
ments of  Samlan  there  was  one  stamped 
AEMILIA^YS.  Some  large  oak  cisterns, 
pnddled  with  clay  brought  from  a  distance, 
were  also  found.  The  first  two  were  sup- 
posed to  be  coffins,  but  a  third  proved  to 
l)e  six  feet  square.  Their  boards  were 
about  1^  in,  thick,  and  were  fastened  to- 
gether with  wooden  pegs. 

In  the  same  street  some  other  relics  of 
Roman  dominion  had  also  been  found  not 
long  before.  There  was  a  little  glass 
lachrymatory  entire,  and  many  fragments 
of  Sanian  and  other  pottery,  among  them 
the  following:  —  a  mortarium,  with  the 
spout ;  a  large  piece,  stamped  in  two  places 
with  ATSTIHAITY;  a  Samian  mortarium 
with  a  hole  through  it,  and  a  lion's  mouth 
through  which  the  liquid  ran ;  a  piece  of 
vessel  ma'le  of  a  dark  slate -coloured  ma- 
terial, glazed,  very  hard  and  thin,  slightly 
ornamented  with  diagonal  dashes  placed 
close  togother,  and,  to  Mr.  Wake's  eye,  of 
finer  pottery  than  the  best  Samian  ware 
that  ho  had  seen. 

Mr.  LoQgstaffe,  F.S.A.,  exhibited  a  sul- 
phur cast  firom  the  magnificent  seal  of  the 
literary  chancellor.  Bishop  Bury,  probably 
the  finest  mediaeval  seal  in  existence,  ob- 
tained from  Mr.  H.  Laing,  of  Elder-street, 
Edinburgh,  a  very  deserving  and  enthusi- 
astic modeller  of  seals.  Also  a  number  of 
interesting  electro-type  impressions  from 
the  extensive  cabinet  of  Mr.  Trueman,  the 
local  collector  of  Durham,  beginning  with 
the  curious  saucer-shaped  seal  of  Bishop 
Carileph.  The  conventual  seal,  embracing 
a  Roman  gem  engraved  with  the  head  of 
Jupiter  Tonans,  made  to  serve  as  that  of 
St.  Oswald,  attracted  much  attention. 

Sf^t  4.  JoHTT  Fekwick,  Esq.,  V.-P., 
in  the  chair. 

A  paper  by  the  Rev.  James  Everett 
wafl  read,  detailing,  from  personal  inspec- 
tion, the  features  of  an  old  house  at  Win- 
tringham,  near  St.Ncot's.  The  moat  of 
the  buildings  comprises  an  acre  of  ground. 
Within  the  house  is  a  "  priest's  hole"  for 
conccahnent,  and  a  mantelpiece  present- 
ing, among  insignia  and  initials  of  the 
owners,  the  arms  and  initials  of  (jueen 


Elizabeth,  set  op  in  1567,  hot  poflnbly  ni 
remembrance  of  a  traditionary  visit  from 
her  during  the  reign  of  Mary.  Mr.  Everett 
also  presented  a  nibbing  from  the  brass 
of  Sir  John  Raddifie  in  Crosthwaite 
Church. 

Mr.  Longstaffe  read  a  curious  declaratioo 
by  a  priest  of  Barnard  Castle  in  1442.  He 
had  been  confessor  to  one  Jack  Qodwyn 
of  that  town,  who  acknowledged  on  his 
death-bed  that  he  never  duly  delivered 
possession  of  Henry  Hedlam's  lands  at 
Stainton,  in  pnrsaance  of  his  charter,  and 
that  consequently  this  Henry  continued 
seized  at  the  time  of  his  death.  And  this 
the  confessor  declares  to  all  men,  "for 
alsmskill  as  it  is  medfuU  (meritorioos)  and 
nedfull  (needful)  ever  ilk  cristen  man  to 
here  witness  to  trewUi."  Mr.  L.  also 
exhibited  careful  rubbings  of  the  cross 
in  Beckermont  churchyard,  Cumberland. 
They  were  made  by  the  Rev.  Frederic 
Addison,  of  Cleator,  who  has  no  theory 
on  the  subject,  but  who  is  decidedly  of 
opinion  that  the  inscription  renuuns  to 
be  read,  and  that  the  versions  of  Hugh 
and  Maughau  cannot  be  supported.  Mr. 
Haigh's  drawing  was  compared,  and  the 
members  confessed  themselves  nnaUe  to 
trace  or  consider  possible  some  of  the 
principal  features  therein  delineated.  The 
identification  of  Fiegnalech,  the  burial- 
place  of  Tuda,  bishop  of  Lindisfame,  with 
Beckermont,  cannot  therefore  be  accepted 
without  better  evidence  of  the  stone  bdng 
his  monument. 

A  Catalogue  of  the  Society's  collecUon 
of  books,  prints,  and  drawings  was  decided 
on.  It  is  to  range  with  the  Transactions^ 
with  extra  copies  for  sale,  and  its  prepara- 
tion is  entrusted  to  Mr.Dodd,  the  able 
compiler  of  the  Infirmary  Library  cata- 
logue, which  was  produced  and  greatly 
commended. 

Oct.  2.  John  Fktwick,  Esq.,  V.P.,  in 
the  chair. 

Mr.  Clayton  read  the  following  paper 
on  the  Roman  Bridge  at  Cilumnm,  (and 
the  beautiful  drawings  mentioned  in  it 
were  on  the  table) : — 

''The  remains  of  the  Roman  bridge 
across  the  North  Tyne  at  the  station  of 


1861 .]        Society  of  Jniiguaries,  Newcastk-upon-  Tfftie. 


531 


CiUirnnm,  fclie  fifth  station  per  liwam 
vallif  we  nearly  iialf-a-raile  lower  down 
the  river  than  Chollurforrl  Bridge,  by 
which  iiiodiim  travtjllera  cross  the  stream. 

**  Camdtiii,  who,  in  the  ycnr  1599,  jour- 
neying'with  Sir  Itobert  Cotton,  wasoi>Hged 
to  rely  up^n  bearKuy  evidence  of  the 
«iate  of  the  Roman  Wall,  and  of  the 
ooontry  between  the  river  Tipi>tilt  and 
the  North  Tyne,  *  per  pr«dones  vero  limi- 
taiiGOS  per  lastrare  toto  non  lieuit^^  i^eetns 
to  have  found  the  hanki  of  the  North 
Tyue  in  a  more  civilizied  state,  though  he 
deacribe*  the  population  as  '  niilitare  ^ttius 
hominum  qui,  u  meu^e  Aprili  usque  nd 
Augostutn  iu  tuguriolia  cum  suis  peoo* 
ribim  excubant.* 

*'  He  tle-scribea  tlie  coorsc  of  the  river 
North  Tyne,  flowintjpRdt  ChipchnaeCaatle, 
and  not  far  from  Swinhume  Cantle,  '  Mu- 
mm  necedit  et  intirsecat  sub  Cliollcrford 
ubi  ]K>nt«  formcato  eoiijuuctus  erat/ 

" 'I'he  first  iptdfit!  mention  of  the  ex- 
isting remain?  of  this  bridjre  is  mside  by 
Gordon,  (ilie  oracle  of  Jonathun  Okilmok, 
untler  tlu'  fAniiliiir  name  of '  Sandy  CforLlon/) 
llii&  intelligent  autiquary  giive  his  obaer- 
Vfltions  to  the  worUi,  under  the  title  of 
Jtiaerarinm    SeptenfrionaJe,  in  the  year 

rlp'^i  and  was  the  first  who  attempted  to 
bpropriato  to  their  proper  locidities  the 
liftmen  of  the  stations  pf^r  lineam  valU, 
enumerated  in  the  Notitia  tmpt^t'ii.  He 
waa  for  the  mont  part  sut'cessful  in  \vm 
conjectures  ;  tliongii  otherwise  in  the  case 
of  Cilurnum,  for  having  altj^gether  over* 
looked  the  ruuiiuns  uf  the  «t^Uion  of  Hun- 
num  at  Ilalton  Ciicst«rs,  he  ajiplies  the 
■  same  of  Hiiinitun  to  Cihirmiin. 
I  "  *  Descending,^  i«iy*  Mr  (iordon, '  from 

I  the  high  fi^'ound  iini  pn^^iin;^  tliron^h  n 
I  place  ciillc-d  Hrunton-on-the' Wall,  we  canto 
I  to  the  blink  of  the  river  called  North 
I  Tyne,  where  are  the  vc«tiges  of  a  liomnn 
K  bridge  to  be  seen,  the  foundation  of  which 
^L  .reonsists  of  htr^e  Bqunre  stones  linked  to* 
H  liMther  with  iron  cramps ;  hot  this  bridge, 
Eowever,  !«  only  seen  when  the  water  is 
low.' 

•*  Horsley,  in  the  Briianma  Fomnim, 
published  in  1732,  correct*  the  error  uf 
Clordon  in  the  name  uf  the  statian  of 
Cilurnum,  and  add*,  *  Tliero  has  been  a 
considerable  bridge  over  the  river  just  at 
tlie  fort,  the  foundatiuus  of  which  arc  yet 
visible/ 

"  Jn  the  sommer  of  1783,  Brand,  the 
historian  of  Newcaritlis  witded  in  the 
stream,  and  fiund  •innumenible  stjuure 
stones  with  hole«  in  them,  wbtn  in  iron 
riretji  had  been  fixed,  embedded  on  the 

SJMit/ 

**  JXodgiont  tho  biitorian  of  Narthum- 


bcrluTid,  examined  more  minutely  than 
his  predecessort  had  done  the  remains  of 
the  bridge,  and  he  found  •  that  many  of 
the  Btone*  of  the  pieti*  reaminin^  in  the 
water  were  regularly  pierced  with  an  ob- 
long hole,  widt?r  at  the  t^>p  thnij  at  the 
bottom,  phiiuly  for  a  Louis  by  which  they 
hid  been  let  down  into  their  present  betla,* 
shewing  that  the  Koiniitjs  perfectly  under- 
stood an  invention  in  modem  times,  ori- 
ginated by  a  French  engineer  in  the  reign 
of  I^ouis  Quatorze. 

**  Mr.  Hodgson  likewise  foiund  the  iron 
cramps  by  which  the  stones  were  bound 
to  eneb  other,  mentioned  by  Gordon,  nnd 
gives  a  sketch  of  one  of  them.  In  Ur. 
Brute's  admirable  work  on  the  Boraan 
Wall,  we  have  a  most  accurute  pbn  of 
the  remiiina  of  this  bridge,  yet  visible  in 
the  t>ed  of  the  streum,  etnisi(«ting  of  the 
foundation  stones  of  the  western  hind 
abul  ment,  nnd  of  two  piers,  at  eqnul  dis- 
tances from  each  other.  Or,  Bruce  sha- 
dows forth  a  conjectural  lino  for  the  eaj^t- 
cm  laud  abutment  on  the  assumption  that 
it  would  be  found  burled  in  tbo  streftm 
opposite  the  western  abutmeut.  IJ^ince  the 
days  of  Camden,  nothing  more  or  le-^s  bus 
been  seen  of  these  remains  than  is  de- 
Hneated  by  Dr.  Bruce.  It  was  reserved 
for  the  sagacity  of  Mr.  John  Coulson,  (who 
distinguished  himself  so  much  in  tlie  ex- 
cavations of  /?ivf»ejifMwi»)  to  dUeover,  in 
tbe  spring  of  last  yenr,  the  reniains  of  the 
euatcrn  land  abutment  of  the  bridge  of 
Cilornum,  whieh  have  buen  since  fully  de- 
veloped by  the  S[)ade. 

"The  shape  and  position  of  this  tibut* 
ment  corre^^ponds  with  tliit  «liadowml 
forth  by  Dr,  Bruce,  except  tbiil  it  is  re* 
move<l  considerably  to  the  landward  of 
the  stream. 

"  An  accnrate  ground-plnn  of  the*ie  re- 
mfiinB  has  been  prepared  by  Mr.  Klliutt, 
of  ^Vall,  and  beautiftil  surveys  huve  Uen 
made  by  Mr,  Mossman  and  Mr.  H.  Richard- 
son. In  order  to  complete  the  outline 
of  the  bridge  it  will  be  necesaary  to  ope- 
rate iu  the  bed  of  tbe  stream,  wliere  will 
be  found  a  third  pier,  partly  tn  the  wut4?p 
and  ptirtlv  under  the  embankment ;  it  was 
partially  aeLU  tiuring  Im^t  summer.  The 
whole  span  of  the  bridge,  between  the 
breastworks  of  the  Innd  abutments  on 
each  sitle  of  the  river,  b  180  feiet.  There 
are  four  npenings  bttween  the  piers,  and 
the  n|^cc  bi*tween  ea<!h  of  the  openings  i* 
3*fi  feet.  There  is  wn  abutment  24  feet 
by  23 1  under  the  platform  of  approach, 
null  tlie  roadway  brought  down  to  the 
bridge  O'lclutiing  the  piirapet«)  is  22  feet 
wide;  it  is  brought  down  to  the  bridge 
oud^  the  Bhclter  uf  this  Bonian  wall.   Fiva 


5S2 


Anilquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Not/ 


cotiit68  of  the  masonry  of  this  iibatnicnt 
remitin  on  tlie  tide  which  hreftit«  iho 
downward  cnrrent  of  the  ttreatn  j  on  ibe 
opposite  side  four  <;ourses  remain:  earh 
course  ia  eighteen  inches  in  thickneM.  All 
the  stone*  of  the  exterior  hear  marks  of 
hoiking  b-'en  carefollj  set  with  tlie  Liouis, 
and  in  ench  of  them  is  a  Louis  hole,  and 
m&nj  are  bound  together  with  iron  cmmpt 
and  melted  lead.  Tlie  stones  measure  three 
feet  in  length  of  hed,  and  two  feet  in 
breadth.  1  he  masonry  is  of  a  very  mas- 
sive character,  and  the  whole  has  been 
executed  with  great  care  and  skill. 

**  Those  who  have  seen  the  magnificent 
re  main  a  of  the  Pont  dii  Gard  (juetly  the 
pride  of  Gallia  Narboneusis)  lighted  by 
the  glorious  sun  of  Lan^edoc,  will  think 
lightly  of  the  m««grG  relics  of  the  bridge 
of  Ciinrnum,  nnder  the  darker  skies  of 
XorthumberlanH,  But  it  may  be  safely 
affirmed  that  the  bridge  over  the  river 
Gard  does  not  irpan  a  lovelier  stream  than 
the  North  Tyne,  and  thnt  so  much  as 
remiuns  of  the  masotiry  of  the  bridj^e  of 
Cilnnium  is  not  inferior  in  gmndcur  of 
proportion  and  excellence  of  workitmnship 
to  tbe  mighty  structure  reared  by  Human 
hands  in  (tnuh 

"  Surrounded  by  the  masonry  are  seen 
the  foundations  of  tbe  pier  of  a  bridge  of 
much  smaller  dimensions^  and  apparently 
of  earlier  date.     From   tbe   position,   it 
must  newssorily  have  been  placed  before 
the  Roman  Wall  was  built  or  planned^ 
Its  dimensions  would  scarcely  admit  of  a 
superstructnre  wider  than  would  bt»  re- 
quiretl  for  the  march  of  foot-soldiers ;  and 
its  existence  would  seem  to  afford   evi- 
dence in  iupport  of  the  bypothesii  that 
the  station  of  Cilurnuni  wa*  one  of  the 
fortr»»es  roaretf  by  tbe  leigions  nndiin-  the 
com m and  of  Julius  Agrtcola.    The  »tiition 
of  Cilurnum  has  evidently  had  an  existence 
»nterk»r  to,  and  itidi^eiid* lit  of,  the  Wall 
of  Un< Irian.     Whilst  the  ^tmtions  ot  Pro- 
colitia.  liorcovicu!*,  and  ^Esica  depend  on 
the  Wall  of  Hadrian  for  their  northern 
nuufwrt^  the  station  of  Cilurnum  is  com* 
pletc  in  itself,  nnd  has  had  communicn- 
tiitnii   inth'pendent  of  the   military   way 
which  aeconipaiiied  the  Wall.    In  the  time 
of  Hi»riilfy,  ' ' '  n*  v  sihlc  remains  of 

%,  milit-rfry  u   seemed   to  have 

eomo  from  W  ...  ...^  .  ^cet  §outh  of  Kiaing- 

hnui  to  the  utatiou  of  Cilurnum,  or  the 
bridge  b'-'»»*U»  it/  *and  fmin  thin  ^tntion/ 
•R^i  Horsley»  '  a  military  way  ha«  gone 
difi^ctly  tf*  Crif^vorran,  which  is  still  via- 
bl'  r  part  of  the  way  ;*  and 

tl  !uu»  in  mir  day  1>een  dis* 

iiiu  u V  rr-rrii  \>y  tliu^  flhlc  Mtrvcyor  and 
Kccarnt«  obAt-rver,  Mr.  McLauddau,   Agri* 


coin  scrumi  the  posaeaskMi  of  the  wDej  of 

North  1'vne  by  plantiaf  in  it^  gor^  tlw 

a 

: ..     .  '  pier  1 

only  rvmnant.     llie   piers 

with  it  in  l^e  hf'd  of  tbe  (dream  < 

either  been  washed  away  or  Abwrb 

the  wcn-ks  of  the  pleiv  of  the  lajga  \ 

built  by  Hadrian^  oh\ ' 

with  the  Wnll     In  i,i  of  1 

miiu.  by  Mr.  NTomh.u. Mr.  Ilenrj 

Richardson,  will  W  obscrkCHi  the  remsbn 
of  a  covered  pni^nge,  which  has  l^een  « 
ried  u cross  the  works.     It  is  not  «asy  to 
conjoetiirc  its  use,  but  it  is  obvioosly  of  ft 
date  posterior  to  the  Homan  oecupatioQ  l 
of  tb*^  country,  and  many  of  tbe  stones  of  ^ 
the  bridge  have  been  used  in  its  formO" 
tion. 

"Neither  amongst  these  rnina  nor  in 
the  bed  of  the  river  have  been  found  th4»^ 
▼ouBsoirs  of  an   arch.     The  inf*rcnce 
that  the  pags.ige  Of'er  the  river  baa 
upon  a  horiiotitttl  platform. 

**  During  the  excflvatir^n.  a  const  del 
number  of  coins  have  been  found, 
earliest  in  date  is  a  silver  coin,  wh 
accurately  dc^ril^  in  the  catAlogne  of 
the  Roman  consular  ni,,!  f.n  IK  in^i*,  in 
the  cabinet  of  onr  ncl  '  uk« 

of  Northombcrlnnd^  p:  ^  ^tblo 

numismatist.  Admiral  ^iu>ib.  U  k  a  coin 
of  the  Csssian  fMuiily,  of  Cnins  C-osnioSt 
the  asaassin  of  Julius  <  '  *ted 

by  Admiral  8mjth  t>  ire. 

On  the  obverse  is  »  iiuijur  u  :i.i  ^nk-d,  j 
representing  the  iJiHldrsis  nf  Lilcrty,  with 
the  Icgi-nd  C»  CASsirs  Imp.    Cumins  timk  i 
the  pnrt  of  Pompey  tu  the  Wars  of  tho  J 
Triumvirs,  and  was   saluteil   *  IntpcrAtor* 
after  bis  naval  victory  over  the  Rhodians, 
On  the  reverse  is  the  UtuM$  (the  cnH.>ked 
wand  used  by  the  ai»gtns)»  and   a  prm 
/ericulum  (the  r<Minil  vessel  nirried  before  j 
tl...  ..-:......    .,.,,]„  ,.K,,i        .^.  the  field,  j 

LcDtU' 

l.      ',  :  _    ._  -il  Smyth,  j 

wiia  entered  into  the  College  ol  Augurs  in 
the  snme  year  io  which  bo  aasttmed  ih«  J 
to^a  vtrilut,  b.c.  57- 

"  Amon^t  tbe  coin«  it  a  atlvwr  aan^  tfi  I 
cTccelhnt   I'  '    ' 

the  setjond  nuL 

On  the  ohvvi".  ,..-  , . 
and  nc»ti)«bri4idod  tT' 
with  the  legt^nd  *J(  i  md 

on   the   r*'ver*e»   a   rt»Ud  irc,  i 

hiivintr  :n  ht-r  nj:fht  baud  *•  ,  ^  in  J 

her  h  I  tnd  at  her  lout  a  pcocook*  J 

with  •  '  Jrxo.* 

**  Hi-ruii  *     r  ctiin*.  Hri>  «ev8]!»l1 

of  Uniss»  oi  i^rs  HadiiaOt  0io* 


1861.]       Norfolk  and  Norwich  Archaeological  Society. 


633 


dettan,  the  Conaiantine  faraily,  and  of  the 
ti*uq>er  Tetricnii,  gonerully  mnch  worn. 
One  of  the  coins  of  DiocWtini)  is  a  fin© 
coin  of  bras?**  »nd  in  good  prcscrvution* 
Bimgo,  in  his  eii'itioti  of  Oeco,  ascribes  to 
it  the  date  of  the  year  281  of  the  Chrij. 
tian  era.  On  the  obverse  is  tbu  he  id  of 
the  Emperor,  with  the  IcgeDtl  *  IMF.  Dio- 
CLSTTAKua  1*.  F,  Aro.  /  on  tbe  reverse  is 
the  fijBTtire  of  the  Genius  of  Rome,  hftviiig 
in  the  riglst  hand  a  patern,  and  in  the 
left  a  cornucopiA,  with  the  legend  *  Gk- 
uio  PopULi  Romano/ 

"Among  the  debris  removed  do  ring  the 
excavttlioti  have  betii  found  nmch  of  the 
lead  and  iron  which  \\\\a  been  a«ed  in 
l»inding^  the  stones  to  each  other  :  a  solid 

^  piece  i>t  leail  in  the  shape  of  a  horde's 
lioof;    a   well-Bnii^hed    altar  of    elegant 

*  iJiape,  hut  without  inscription  j  a  circular 
itoue  about  four  fc'ct  in  leng^th,  resembling: 

'  lin  Hule-trec,  having  it«  greatesit  cin'uin- 
fcreiicc  in  the  middle,  iind  diminialiirtg 
at  each  end.  There  jire  eight  orifices  in 
the  sUnte,  as  If  for  receiving  hand-sptkcs; 
and  it  hoji  been  suggested,  thiit  it  hoB 
been  used  as  part  of  tlie  nifteliinery  for 
undlng-  n>oriar.  Several  mill^stoDCfi 
been  turned  up,  and  also  an  ivory 

^trnplemcnt,  which  seems  to  have  belonged 


to  n  lady's  toilet,  and  msny  fhigments  of 
Samian  wore,  one  of  them  hearing  the 
potter's  mark  of  *  Docclu^  -,  a  nanie  na 
yet  unknown  on  the  Roman  Wall,  but 
which  will  be  found  in  the  list  of  potters' 
nmrks  in  Mr.  Booeh  Smith's  'Komaa 
Loudon.*" 

It  appeared  tbnt  Dr.  Lingard,  in  1807, 
while  on  a  "  tourification  of  the  Komaa 
Wall,"  met  with  an  old  man  who  told 
biin  that  the  stoucs  of  tbiB  bridge  were 
united  with  iron  rods,  Dr,  Hruce  never 
could  understand  the  referenee,  becaaaa 
all  the  era m pa  previously  diricovered  had 
been  of  the  double  wetlgo  kind.  The  e)t* 
Cftvateil  pier,  however,  discloses  marks  of 
rods  raniiing  along  nearly  the  whole 
length  of  the  frontage ;  wliieh  irontage, 
by  the  way,  the  Doctor  thinks  is  an  ad- 
dition by  SeveruB,  the  stones  being  tooled 
in  somewhat  of  an  ortiumentai  mannfr. 
The  pier  has  a  depression  in  the  centre^ 
being  wimewhat  iu  the  form  of  an  inverted 
arcli,  and  from  its  great  extent  it  is 
probable  that  it  had  towers  of  defence 
placed  on  each  side. 


KORFOLX  AKD  NOEWICH  ARCHiEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY, 


Aug.  5,  The  Society,  under  the  pre*i- 

deticy  of  D.Ur  EN  et,  Esq..F.S,  A,,  vi^ted  the 

iHCburehos  of  Derebitni  and  North  Ehiihain, 

the  aneieot  earthworks  at  the  hitter  place, 

the  church   and  hall  of  Eking,  and   the 

.  cbnrch  of  Swanton  Morley,  returning  to 

[)creham  to  dine.     The  members  assem- 

Mbled  nt  Dereham,  and  proceetled  at  ten 

j'dock  to  the  church,  where  Mr.  Cartbcw 

lidescTibed   the  architectural    peculiarities 

r  the  building. 

Tliis  e-hnrch   is  a   compound   of  thir- 

teeiith -century  work  with  slight  traces  of 

STornmn   in   one   part,   and   adiiitious   of 

burt^^'outh,  Hiteenth,   and  sixteenth-ceu- 

ry  work  in  otliers* 

Tlie  cbuncel  shews  a  great  deal  of  Early 

English   work,   but  considerable  restora- 

ticms  have  t>een  tuade  here,  and  this  part 

of  the  bn tiding  has  been  «o  changed  that 

the  older  features  ciin  scarcely  be  reoog* 

nistei).    On  the  north  side  is  a  niche  in  the 

pWall,  siippr^^d  to  have  been  originally  an 

iter  ie^iulclurcb  next  uied  as  au  anm* 


brie,  and  now  restored  in  its  colouring. 
The  piscina  on  the  sottth  is  double,  and 
witli  the  sedilia  is  Early  English.  The 
tower,  which  siandii,  like  the  tower  of  the 
cathedml  of  Norwich,  betwevo  the  chancel 
and  nave,  has  Xoruian  parts  below,  with 
additions  upwards  of  Early  English.  The 
arcades  above  shew  this  latter  style  both 
in  the  arches  and  pillars.  It  is  most 
probable  this  tower  was  never  finisihed. 
The  chief  remains  of  tlie  Nonoan  period, 
as  seen,  are  two  iwiHtcd  pilflHters  on  each 
side  of  the  chancel  -  arch,  Rcpaniting  it 
from  the  nave.  These  are,  most  probably, 
lit  *Uu,  Tliere  are  north  and  south  tran* 
septs,  both  Early  English,  aflerwards  oon< 
Terted  into  chantries,  with  apartments  for 
prie»td  above.  The  north  was  dedicated 
to  St.  Thomas,  and  the  ceiling  is  orna- 
mented with  the  double 'headed  eagU,  and 
the  letter  T  crowned.  The  sooth  chapel 
diaptnys  consiilerablo  ornamentation  on  ita 
ceiling,  shewing  the  Lamb  resting  on  an 
open  book,  and  a  ierioeof  coats  of  arms  on 


r.ni. 


/ttitiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Nov. 


lliit  liiitiiiiinl-  Imiiiiiim  i»r  l.lif  HMtf.  Till'  rinit 
iif  IliiiiiliM'l  la  lii>lii<\ril  til  ilcinitc  llii'  ('.tr- 
ilhiiil  lit  iliiil  iiniiii'  wliii  w.iN  lii^hitp  (if  Kly 
nmii  1  1 1 1  fo  I  KiK  Miitl  iil1i-n\:ir«lN  trans- 
lutiil  til  (uiiti-i-lMirv,  iiN  llic  iiniiN  nf  tliiit. 
mill  nii<  iiiipiili'il.  Siiiti' III' till'  otlirr  r«KitK 
i<fiiiiii>t  iiK  it'liiMl  u|Hiu,  liiMiii;  Mip|ii»si'il 
liiiiiti'iii  HililitiiiiiN.    'llio  iiiiviMirtlir  I'liurch 

llrtB    luTM     llinipiiiliMl    lit'   iIm    I'iirU     t'l'tttUITM, 

It  liiia  II  i-li«i<>:«lor;k.  t'lil  tMio  nf  a  ilrha^iil 
tilittlinii  i-li:inii'li'r  A  "  uri^oii  -  aivluM" 
«s«ntn^  iiiM\  ikVii]Mr!t  till*  plai'i'  lit'  till*  ori- 
^\\\A  \\\yi.  \\\c  \W  iMiist.lofr<l  aliil  onli- 
\\tk\\  fiialuiMl  (if  \\w  i'h.in^;i«N  111  tllO  n:l\0 
iNMltr:«»t     !»trrtlljilU     Willi    tlw    i:«MyiHMl*    IV- 

Bl«virt(uMi»  ot'  tlio  «'li:iiu«l.  wlui-li  la^;  \«  a 
uiiiM  i\l  rtivliit(Vtiu:il  i\  jM-.>.r. '.1 1 :.''.'..  a'llor 
*t».m.  rt«*\  *\0,Miv  *'l"  ^it;i   !.:»;'.:  U '.u*!  t'lia* 


m,'t.i         Mu"  \\n\;i  ni  \\w  >..m;:V. 

:»-  a  \tiv 

l'.r:v. 

l\«4»  »\svini.'ii  t^S'  i.-*:!*  l\  v.v  :.!.»■;, 

.;..v.  ^^A 

Ks-: 

ti  «lii»s. .'  v.Ai'.unil  ■»'.  *jxar..;-.\  '.^.  :i"*»'s 

:';t  :'.rt.;iO 

p.. 

,v<'  \W  A,-w.^\      s.^j-.it*  )Mi-.  .*  .  •;"  : 

iV.rx 

tVH.V..1    AlV    X4^   >    <,\W-         \^  ..'..  V    \ 

■  '     i'-  ■"'  ■  ■ 

^..^s 

%\\\  i  *  .,*  oa* ;   ^  :.!»*■ .  •-  -.V  ; ', . .    V.  .-,  : ,     i* 

, :  .-i  "; .  » ■ 

•■■",' 

w*  i ,  :■  %  J  .N-,  ;N     1 : .  * , . ; .  v,-N>,  >  . .  , 

,N.'...  r-..-: 

V. 

.%<  i!s   ,'.s'.\v"   f.  V  -.w..'  ■••    , ;  .• 

>.■..-.   .  > 

:.-  :" 

*v- -w   s^*'".  w  !««.■■.   w  i'.  .■  .-.v....,-; 

■  :'          i^"*' 

:.•>-: 

^',>.  j;  «■ '.',  ).  ft^v.v^..:    1  ■  ,■   ;..  .  ..  «., 

,  ■.'.  1  ..»'"      '. 

•• 

W»^V  Ns- \>v.  w»  ..   ..    .:■,    K.,  ..;,;, 

,.    k.'.v 

i»*t    "•••.■?    <:  >.".  «»  '.  •/.  ' 

'*?«.'    .».■»..-.■*«.*      .1.-       .r'.vw.-. 

-,  \ 

,0  i.^\0. »».•.».  fc:-..  .  \v.   .       '.•....■.     . 

■  ■  .  N  -.  ■■  . 

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'■■  •. -v:-..-. 

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.V.      ..   > 

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r,i.    '"i.     -'"I    J'.'    ••.'V    -■■•♦. 

.    .'.--.' 

«» 

■il*,       i.rvv  *."^          v.-      fc      v:.  ».         •  1   . 

^•*  »|.l«,,        '.I  -IV.X         .1        V       1   '.           I 

1. 

f  II  >.        ii«.  •k-i4.  i-,,^        I          !■.       t     .  ■ 

:    :,     ^J 

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!!'..- 

^»VV.       nix.      1     X    %-!U»      .»        !i»l».       «     • 

■  ■>.  '.^      : 

el««  -^.^iMii  -li-.    M                -.■  >.  t. 

1- 

>Ut  ^>s  X     K\  '•         l:.i.i           ^.."■li>-     ~ 

-  .-     . 

*K  wi^.'L.    '  .      Ii     -i  -.'x     -     ■■ 

.      •       .■• 

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i-  .    '.-   1- 

1 

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■■    ■. 

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.-  ..     ■..-.  . 

''•■•!l»*Ml?y«*  ■>.    I.*-.!.*     >      .x.': 

-  .       .^ 

•. 

4K\iv,>t        »«L.-4      *••.:■■.,       .;.  .        !■ 

*     -     ..-.. 

Mlt-ti'*'.     -walx^.U      II      ;:v      .••.  ■    'v.  .' 

«»     •««.>«•.     t       .i-H.-   •         :i  • 

■  v  ".     .-  . 

teV*'^    -u     ;K     ••4I.     >    u*.     -.-.-s^.' 

■     .:     ;     — 

i- 

4^ni;«i^  Ut   ***N  .1   \  ::.  r^:^-* 

^    ..I     iki- 

^llNMl    l«  4   «•    Ifc-i*    WUttt^ 

■X 

llio  party  next  visited  the  cliurch  of 
North  Kluihani,  which,  like  that  of  Dere- 
ham. U  of  mixed  ntylei^,  theorigiiiul  being 
Knrly  KiijfliKh,  with  additions  of  the  four- 
toiMith  and  lifti^enth  centuries.  Perhajis 
till'  Karly  Knj:li«h  is  a  little  earlier  than 
Dorcham.  In  this  church  considerahle 
rcAtoratiiin**  liavo  been  made,  but  not  In 
the  punst  ta»te.  Tliere  are  isome  fine 
fra^nunts  of  ti  ft  cent  h  -  century  paintotl 
phisw  in  tuo  or  thnn?  of  the  windows  of 
the  nave  on  the  north  side,  one  piece  being 
th«»  npivT  ^wrt  of  a  Josso  window*.  The 
tfMiilnl>  and  loavis  of  the  vine  are  boldly 
drawn  and  finely  c»V.ouroii.  Tlie  interior 
ja'.ViK*  .'l*:ho  #ouxh  doorway  are  carved  in 
piV.arw.^rV.  0-.::mJo  the  rorth  dv.»or  are 
\\w  ri-.van^  .^f  S;"'.!!!-*  lu-nds  of  sxall  pillars 
\\\.:<x  pr.'l-uMy.  orijr'.'nally,  an 
j:  S'^  ar.'-.i.lt'  \*.:h::i  the  nrt>3>&. 
."!.  :"  r-.v.ir\*  ivi^tji'.Tu-*!  >.".v.e  z-"»>l 
;■.-.'.  •  w  ;r k .  : r.   Ih,:-. ;  1 , .  ci\ i*  an i 


•llH'  ■(  s^  r;« 


?••  a* 


1861.]       Norfolk  and  Norwich  Archteological  Society. 


535 


far  B8  they  cun  be  made  oat,  cnnslst  of  & 
pfirallulo^rfim  earthwork  or  fortification, 
|»ritli  a  Kioond,  on  which   haa   probably 
I  ft  k^p.    Outijde  t)\h  can  be  pnrtially 
imced  the  remiuns  of  itjnclfj§m^  btmku  of 
an  elangnted  circles  m  if  the  Rouinns  had 
fonncd  ti  camp  (the  parallclojrriiin)  mithin 
a  British  work  of  atriUgfth.    At  tlit^  upper 
I  end  of  the  sqnare  work,  protected  by  a 
I  fosse,  are  the  rcmaim  of  some  enrly  tnn* 
I ionry,  virhicb  tradition  nasigtis  as  the  rtiitis 
of  the  pakee   of  the    Saxon   bi«hop«    of 
Elmham  ;  some  topograpb*?rs  trndticclcniiiLB- 
tical  anttquftrie^  however,  declare  that 
South  Ehuhnm,  in  SafTolV,  was  the  attc, 
and  not  North  Clmlmni,  in  Norfolk,  and  at 
the  forroer  place  are  the  remain  a  of  un  an- 
cient building  of  which  little  or  nothing  is 
1  hi^torieally  known,  but  which  tradition  as- 
I  signf^  as  the  minster  of  the  Klrnhnm  bishops. 
The    question,    therefore,   reniaina  oi>en. 
Nothing  can  be  gleaned  from  the  frag* 
Iments  of  the  buildings  themselves,  which  ^ 
de  only  a  wall  and  comer,  apparently 
imall  chaml>er,  and  a  few  courses  of 
IjlDMonry,  perhaps  the  line  of  tlie  exterior 
'  of  «  building. 

The  Rev,  C.  R.  Manning  road  a  short 
manuscript  paper,  the  property  of  Mr.  D. 
I  Gumey,  translated  from  the  Norris  papers 
I  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Frero,  detailing  a 
[. Visit  made  to  the  spot  in  the  last  century 
by  the  writer,  and  speaking  of  an  old  and 
rery  deep  well  existing  within  the  earth- 
works,  which   could  not  be  thoroughly 
[  examined  because  the  water  gidned  on  the 
t  workmen.     Mention  was  also  made  of  the 
[  OontribotioQ  of  sepulchral  urns  and  other 
I  objects  of  antiquity,  found  on  the  site  and 
I  In  the  neighljourhood,   denoting  Roman 
koccnpation.     The  well  still  exist*?,  and  the 
depth  18  nnder^t'Ood  to  Iks  180  feet.     It  is 
dry  now,  and  should  certainly  be  examined. 
North  Elmbam,  it  may  be  observed,  is  a 
lurelt-known  Roman  locality,  and  several 
mortuary  nms  have  been  exhumed  in  the 
pariah.     A  fine  Roman  or  Saxon  buckle 
was  shewn  by  Mr.  Fitch  at  the  la«t  com- 
mittee meeting  of  the  Society,  which  had 
been  brought  from  hence.     Much  of  the 
outer,  perhaps  Britisli,  vatlum  has  been 
thrown  down  anil  destroyed. 
The  singular  church  of  Elsing:,  which 


was  next  visited^  is  of  the  Decorated  cha- 
racter, and  is  perhaps  unique  tn  the  tracery 
of  the  windows,  the  casped  arches  of  the 
entrance  on  the  north  side,  and  the  great 
breadth  of  the  nave.  There  are  no  ainlea. 
The  chancel  is  lolly,  and  broud  also.  Much 
of  the  original  chanictcr  prevails,  impart* 
ing  n  peculiar  grace  and  ercenlricity  to  the 
building,  worthy  b<jth  of  examination  by 
the  antiquary  and  study  by  the  architect. 
In  the  chancel  of  this  cbtircb  is  the  well- 
known  and  far-famed  HaMtings  brass,  a 
ttieniorifll  of  the  founder  of  the  church. 
Sir  Hugh  Hastings,  ad.  1347,  the  20th 
I'Idward  111.  Recently,  a  series  of  fVetoo 
paintings  were  diseuvereil  on  the  walls  of 
the  north  chapel,  delineating  passages  in 
the  life  of  J  ohm  the  Bii|>ti*t. 

Tlje  Rev.  C.  R.  Manning  described  the 
church  in  a  few  words,  and  theti  rend 
a  short  paper  descriptive  of  the  well-koowa 
Hastings  brass  j  and  Mr.  Sotheron  read 
another  on  the  frescoes  of  the  life  of 
St.  John  the  Biiptist,  which  he  described 
as  unique  in  Norfolk. 

The  party  next  visited  Elsing-hall,  the 
seat  of  F.  Browne,  Esq.,  still  a  fine  old 
moated  mansion,  although  many  portiona 
have  undergone  considerable  renovation. 
It  was  inspected  with  much  interest,  par- 
ticoLirly  the  great  hall,  in  which  apart- 
ment the  Rev,  J,  C.  Valpy  read  a  paper 
by  Mr.  Jeckell,  architect,  of  Norwich,  de- 
scriptive of  tlie  p««t  and  present  condition 
of  the  building  : — 

**  Elsing. hall  was  the  property  of  the 
Foliots  until,  by  the  marriage  of  Margery, 
daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Foliot,  with  Sir 
Hugli  Hastings,  commander  of  King  Ed- 
ward the  Thirties  army  in  Flanders,  it  be* 
came  the  residence  of  the  Hastings  family. 
There  arc  but  few  visible  remnants  of  the 
thirteenth. century  building,  the  portion 
forming  the  present  dwelling-lionse  having 
been  probably  either  erected  or  greatly 
altered  by  John  Hosting^  about  the  middle 
of  the  filtecutb  century.  The  only  re- 
mains now  visible  of  the  earlier  construe 
tion  consist  of  fome  foundations  of  walls 
near  the  moat  on  the  north-west  aide,  and 
in  the  garden  on  the  ^uth-west  side. 

"  Durini;  the  excavations  rendered  neces- 
sary by  the  repairs  of  the  house  and  the 
lowering  of  the  soil  a  few  years  since,  I 
was  a'-le  to  trace  very  thick  wall*  round 
the  enclosure  on  the  east,  north,  and  west 


536 


Amiiquman  and  lAierwry  InielHgemeer, 


[Not. 


wAoL  On  ihtt  «ft  ride,  snd  north-cMt, 
tb«T  had  been  in  ma&j  pbf»4  faced  with 
ft  bride  wall,  which  it  ftill  visible.  On  the 
iwrtb-wcst  and  weait  the  orispnal  flint 
walls  ma  J  be  At  ill  traced,  tboogh,  from 
the  accntAnlati#>n  of  soil,  thej  are  not  now 
in  the  mfnt.  In  the  centre  of  the  north 
fide  are  still  to  be  seen  the  abntmenta  of 
the  bridd^e  and  the  gatehriose  foondations 
of  fifteenth-eentnrj  wr>rkmansh-|».  On 
the  sonth  sid/^,  the  wall  next  the  rn^at 
was  thin,  and  af/parently  intended  onlj  to 
prrerent  the  >o:I  from  sliding  into  the 
water.  It  is  neccssarr  to  remark  here 
that  the  water  ori^nallj  came  within  a 
few  jards  of  the  south  windows,  the  flint 
tnmrt  now  existing  on  the  soath-west 
ride  having  two  (d  its  sides  in  the  moat. 
In  fiu±,  tlie  wliole  of  the  flat  lower  green 
or  lawn  on  the  sonth  side  of  the  house  was, 
a  few  years  since,  water. 

"  It  is  remarkable  that  while  the  east, 
north,  and  west  fronts  are  solidlv  built  of 
flint  and  stone,  protected  by  thick  walls, 
with  other  Imildings  under  them,  the  south 
ride  was  of  timber  only,  without  any  pro» 
tecting  wall,  but  instead  thereof  was  de- 
fended by  three  channels  or  n;oats,  and 
ramparts  of  earth.  The  dwelling-house 
itself  is  interesting,  because  it  is  a  fairly 
perfect  example  of  an  intermcKliate  house. 
We  have  very  many  good  examples  in  this 
oonntnr  </f  smaller  manor-houses  and  large 
balls,  but  not  so  many  of  houses  of  tlus 
rize.  The  main  walls  of  the  house  are  cer- 
tainly as  old  as  1450,  and  in  my  opinion 
mnch  older,  so  that  the  general  arrange- 
ment is  the  same  as  it  was  oripnnlly. 
The  dining-hall  only  differs  from  its  pri- 
mitire  fonn  in  having  no  windows  in  the 
sonth  wall,  and  in  having  an  archway  in- 
stead of  a  dwrway. 

"  None  of  the  original  windows  appeared 
to  have  been  prepared  to  receive  perma- 
nent gla/jng,  but  prol)ably  at  first  the  glass 
was  fastenc<l  to  the  iron  bars,  and  taken 
out  when  not  re<]uired,  all  the  windows 
having  had  wooden  shuttirs.  Tliat  glass 
had  l>een  used  was  proved  by  our  finding 
some  old  glass,  from  which  we  learn  that 
the  windows  in  the  bay  on  the  south  were 
puiuteil.  On  the  cast  of  the  hall  was  the 
drawing-room  (ns  we  tthould  have  called  it). 
'J  his  was  formerly  approached,  not  as  now, 
directly  from  the  hall,  but  from  the  stair- 
case. All  traces  of  the  flooring  and  ceiling 
of  this  r(X)m  are  destroyed  by  the  modern 
framing. 

"  In  this  room  was  a  door  communica- 
ting witli  the  chapel,  which  still  exists  at 
the  cast  end  of  the  house ;  and  above  this 
room  was  the  solar,  forty  feet  long,  being 
thci-ntirc  length  of  the  building,  formerly 

9 


riehlr  deeorated  witli  colnar,  tbe  psttem 
or  derice  of  wfaidi  on  the  wall  I  hare 
been  niiable  to  interpret,  bat  the  stalk- 
and-scroU  bordrr  may  siiH  be  discinctlj 
seen  roa:.d  the  room.  There  are  remains 
of  two  fireplaces  in  the  same  sitcation.  of 
diflerent  dates  one  beintr  flfteenth-centxirj 
work,  and  the  other  Jacobean  or  Eliza- 
bethan. From  this  room  there  was  a 
window  opening  into  the  chapel,  and,  a* 
I  beliere,  a  gallrrr  in  the  chapeU  so  that 
the  occnpanrs  of  the  solar  coold  observe 
the  services  and  Ck-remonia^s  in  the  chapel 
without  descen^ng.  And  at  one  time 
there  was  a  window  looking  into  the 
dining-halL  On  the  west  ^de  of  the  ball, 
the  original  hole  in  the  wall  shewed  mht-ra 
the  gallery  had  b<en,  and  from  it  the 
present  bejm  was  moulded.  There  seems 
to  have  been  no  staircase  to  tbe  porch 
chamber,  or  any  other  way  than  the 
gallery.  The  doors  ondemeath  are  partly 
old,  and  partly  exact  copies  of  the  old 
doorways  to  the  offices.  The  offices  had 
been  so  altered  about  170  years  rince,  that 
nothing  remains  of  interest. 

**  Externally,  there  are  two  small  frag- 
ments of  thirtrenth-centnry  work  to  be 
seen  in  the  west  or  kitchen  gable.  They 
are  parts  of  an  old  arch  or  doorway,  used 
for  corbels.  In  pulling  down  some  of  the 
walls  for  repair,  rimilar  portions  were 
fonnd,  proving  clearly  that  the  building 
then  existing  here  was  one  of  far  higher 
pretensii'U  as  to  richness  of  ornament  than 
the  present  building.  I  think  I  may  say 
that  no  original  internal  wall  was  lud 
bare  that  did  not  shew  marks  of  decora- 
tion in  colour,  and  as  we  know  that 
another  residence  of  the  same  Browne 
family  was  decorated  with  a  representa- 
tion of  the  'Field  of  the  Cloth  of  Gold,' 
at  which  Sir  Anthony  Browne  was  Master 
of  the  Horse  to  the  King,  I  hoped  to  have 
found  some  historical  family  pictures  here. 

"  On  the  east  side,  externally,  the  chapel 
is  worth  a  virit,  where,  in  spite  of  its  snudl 
proportions,  there  are  traces  of  a  stone 
altar,  piscina,  &c  Tliere  is  also  the  founda- 
tion visible  of  a  tower,  which  appears  to 
have  been  for  the  offices,  communicating 
by  a  passage  with  the  dnwing-room  and 
solar.  On  the  south  side  may  be  seen  tbe 
foundations  of  the  old  staircase  to  this 
solar,  or  '  Ladies'  Chamber,'  from  whidi 
tVcre  was  no  communication  n|)stairs  with 
the  servants'  or  west  wing. 

"Elsing-hall  is  interesting,  not  only 
from  its  architectural  merits,  but  also 
from  having  been  the  residence  for  so 
many  years  of  a  family  that  is  connected 
with  most  of  the  well-known  Norfolk 
house',  and  many  of  historic  repataUoiw 


1861.] 


Surrey  Archaologieal  Society. 


537 


inelading^  Talbot,  Wodclionue.  Lc  Stranj^e, 
Astley,  QvQy  dc  Riithyn.  Morley,  Sp€?iicer, 
Enrl  Pcoihrokei  Ibe  PiiAtou*,  mid  maay 
others;  und  the  slueld  of  William  Rrowne, 
in  tlic  *  Roll  of  Armsi,*  contains  the  follow- 
ing quflrtering?* : — 

**  I,  Browne,  FttiaUn,  and  Malttavers. 
"2.  Nevil,  Montacute,   and    Monther- 
merj  the  two  Utter  beinjf  titles  at  the 
present  moment  suhjecti  of  appeal  before 

.        tUe  Coramittee  of  the  IVts, 

^H      •*  3.  Holland.  Tiptoft,  and  Clmrlton. 

^^B    **4.  Ing^lethorpe,  Br»ile«tone,  Delapole, 

^^pd  Uiirgh.'' 

^H     Tlie  Inat  visit   was   t4)  the  church  of 

For 


SwontOR  Morley,  a  very  fine  example  of 
the  Perpendicular  atyle,  with  remnrkablj 
lofty  windows^  the  tracery  of  which  \b 
checked  or  blocked  befure  it  comes  to  the 
head  ;  but  with  tbe  moidding  of  the  arch 
continued  to  the  apex.  The  clmnoel  has 
borne  %  floe  roof»  the  waU-tem^inatioaa 
displaying  bosses  of  deer*  lions,  &c.  Mr. 
Cartbew  observed  that  a  sinall  crypt  ex- 
isted beneiitb  the  Communloa-tiible,  the 
entrance  to  which  Wiw  on  Ibe  north  aide 
of  the  chancel,  Tlio  tower  of  this  church 
is  very  fine  and  lofty* 


MIDLAIST)  COUNTIES  AUCH^OLOGICAL  ASSOCIATIOK 


Sepi,  17.  A  large  nuoiber  of  meniben 
'  of  tbe  Association  and  their  friends  paid 
a  visit  to  Oxford,  which  they  reached  (by 
the  Great  Western  Rail  way)  soon  after 
12  oVlock. 

A  single  day  is,  of  course,  a  period  far 
too  limited  to  allow  of  even  a  cursory  ex- 
amination of  the  almost  innumerable  points 
of  interest  with  which  Oxford  abounds; 
and  the  visitors  were  conseqnently  obliged 
to  make  a  selection,  or  rather  to  adopt  the 
excellent  choice  made  for  them  by  Messfi. 
J.  H.  Chamberlain  and  C,  E.  Mathews, 
tbe  Honorary  Secretaries,  with  the  assist^ 
ance  of  Dr.  Aclaud,  Mr.  J.  11 .  Porker, 
Mr.  Spiers,  and  other  gentlemen  at  Ox* 
ford.  Tlie  only  fliult  of  the  programme 
(as  with  that  of  most  Societies)  was  that 
it  crowded  rather  too  much  ivork  into  the 
day ;  but  this  can  scarcely  be  avoided,  as 
visitors  are  uatarolly  anxious  to  see  as 
roach  as  can  possibly  be  seeti.  The  new 
Museum  was  the  first  edifice  examined  in 
detail,  hut  on  their  way  the  party  took 
the  opportunity  of  glancing  at  Worcester 
College,  at  the  Martyrs'  Memorial^  and  at 
the  noble  edifice  erected  for  the  Taylor 
Institution  and  the  University  (inlleries. 
Time,  however,  did  not  allow  them  to 
inspix't  tbe  collection  of  Chiintrcy's  works, 
or  the  series  of  Michael  Angelo  and  Kaf- 
faelle  drawings  deposited  in  this  building* 
Passing  through  St.  John's  College, — iu- 
aeparably  nesocinted  with  the  fneinory  of 
Arcbbiahop  Laud, — and  pausing  for  a  few 
minutes  to  admiru  its  beautiful  gardens, 
the  vimtors  made  the  be^t  of  their  way  to 

Gbht.  MiLO.  Vox.  CCXI. 


the  Musetim^  the  latest,  and  in  some  re^ 
^)eota  the  moat  important,  edifice  which 
adorns  the  city. 

The  Museum  originated  in  a  desire  to 
bring  under  one  roof  the  coUectiona  illus- 
trative of  natural  science  scattered  over 
the  University — such  as  gooh:)gy,  chemistry, 
anatomy,  physics,  and  what  b  commonly 
known  an  *■  natural  history/'  or  collections 
of  birds,  beasts,  fishes^  reptiles,  and  insects. 
The  boilding  was  commenced  in  1857  and 
opened  in  ISGO,  hut  eaiiuot  be  said  to  be 
finished,  as  much  of  the  ornamental  work 
yet  remains  to  be  applied.  The  architects 
were  Messrs,  Deane  and  Woodward,  but 
the  design  was  due  to  tbe  genius  of  Mr. 
Woodward,  under  whose  superintendence 
the  work  was  executed*  The  ttyle  chosen 
was  Gothic  of  the  thirteen  tb  century,  and, 
as  ailonr  U  freely  umhI,  a  highly  pictur- 
esque effect  has  been  obtained  ;  though  tho 
form  of  the  exterior,  especially  that  of  the 
prindpal  front,  is  rather  disappointing 
from  its  baldness  and  Hatncss.  Tlit«i  is  to 
some  extent  relieved  by  the  centrjil  tower ; 
but  the  addition  of  a  porch  of  eui table 
dignity  is  wanting,  and  this  defect  has 
been  commented  upon  by  Mr.  Ruskin,  in 
a  letter  to  Dr.  Acland,  one  of  tbe  mo«t 
energetic  promoters  of  the  Miifeom.  Not- 
withstanding thia  omission,  the  Museam 
is  ondoubtetlly  a  very  fine  example  of 
modem  Gothic,  and  the  whole  group  of 
buildings — including  the  great  laboratory 
(iilmott  as  large  as  a  chapter-house)  and 
the  curator's  residence — cotistitotes  an 
imposing  mass,  which  cannot  he  examined 
8T 


538 


Antiguarian  and  Literary  Inieltigmeer. 


[No« 


without  exciting  a  feeling  of 
with  the  prog^rcM  miide  in  idaptiiig  Gothic 
forms  to  modern  uses.  The  interior  of 
the  MuBeum  contista  of  a  birge  room 
oorered  by  «n  iron  roof,  supported  by 
columiu  of  the  aame  metaL  The  double 
eorridora,  or  rather  cloisters,  which  euclooe 
the  principal  room  are  lin^larly  beauti- 
fal,  though  very  Dimple  in  both  design  and 
ornsunent.  Some  of  the  capitals  are  ex* 
qaiBtte  fpeeimens  of  stoue  carving — more 
perfectly  tmthfdl  ami  beautiful  than  any> 
thing  which  has  been  done  in  England  in 
modem  times.  On  one  aide  of  the  Museum, 
over  the  clatt^roomar  is  a  lecture  theatre* 
a  very  tasteful  room,  and  in  itself  a  build- 
ing of  no  inouiLiiderable  maguitude.  Here 
the  visitort  were  received,  oa  behalf  of  the 
University,  by  Dr.  Scott,  Master  of  Ballio! 
College,  and  acting  Vicc-ChftnccUor  in  the 
a  iseoce  of  Dr»  Jeune,  the  Vice-Cbaiieellor. 
After  a  few  prflirainary  remarks  from 
Dr.  Acland,  the  liegiua  Proft-ssor  of  Medi- 
cine, an  address  on  *•  the  Revival  of  Oatbic 
Architecture"  was  delivered  by  Professor 
J.  H  Cbiiuiberlain,  of  Queen's  College, 
Mirminghimi.  IJc  shewed  bow  the  princi- 
ples of  Got  hie,  or  rather  EngliBh  art,  slowly 
emei'gcd  from  the  enormous  pressure  of 
feeble  cUissicism  by  which  for  two  hun- 
dred years  they  had  been  crushed  down* 
Having  tr4ced  the  projzieas  of  the  revival 
up  to  the  time  of  Kickman,  the  lecturer 
glanced  at  the  injury  it  bid  suflVred  at 
the  hands  of  the  variong  pretenders  who 
bad  contrivifd  to  graft  themselves  ui»on  it, 
to  their  own  profit  only  ;  nnd  he  then 
pointed  out  the  eminent  servicer  whicb 
liad  been  rendered  by  Sir  Cliarlcs  Barry, 
by  Mr.  Pugin,  and  by  Mr.  Husk  in,  not 
forgetting  heartily  to  acknowledge  the 
Uljours  of  Mr.  Gilbert  Soott,  of  Mr.  Wood* 
wiirtl,  and  uf  other  architects  of  the  pre- 
sent d^y.  Jn  the  course  of  hit  addrett 
Mr.  ChniiiWrlutn  took  oci'^tsion  to  protect 
most  warmly  ^gninst  the  pernicious  error 
AT>in  which  architects  are  not  yet  free — 
that  the  highest  mi^nt  of  mo<lem  (Jothle 
consiiits  in  the  exact  reprodnction  of  an* 
dent  forms,  imtteud  of  applying  old  prin- 
dplf!s  to  modern  wiints  aud  materials* 
At  the  concbuion  of  thii  nddrcM,  Dr. 
Acland  minutely  eiplained  the  aim  of  tbe 


founders  of  the  Museum,  Mill  grapycallj 
sketched  the  diHicuUii^  they  had  to  ai< 
counter,  first  in  securing  the  adoption 
their  plans,  and   uc&t  of  carrying  ihei 
into  execution.     He  indicaUd  the  furtbi 
extension  of  their  great  project  e*»nteni- 
plated   by  the  promoters,    and   be   con< 
eluded  by  paying  an  eloquent  tribute 
respect  to  the  memory  of  Mr.  WtxKlwa] 
the  architect  of  the  Mateum.     Dr.  Adam 
then  eondticted  tbe  party  over  the  build* 
ing^  calling  especial  attention  to  the  el«' 
gant    and    idminbly  arranged    librvry, 
which  contains  a  roost  valuable  eollectii 
of  books  on  tbe  various  branches  of  imtn« 
ral  science.     On  one  of  the  tablet  wer9 
exhibited  a  photographic  portrait  of  Mr, 
Woodward  —  a  imlancholy   memorttl   of 
a  man  who,   had  his  life  been  sp«r«dt 
would  bave  taken  his  place  in  Uie 
most  rank  o(  Hritisb  arcbiteeta. 

After  leaving  tbe  Museum,  the 
))assjd  through  the  gardens  of  Wadhsm 
College,  their  attention  on  the  way  bein| 
directed  by  Mr.  l*arker  to  tlie  hall  an< 
ch»pel,   tlxe  latter   of  winch   presents 
curious  illustration  of  the  iiiahility  oft) 
architects   of  James   the   Pilot's   day 
carry  out  the  principles  of  Gothic  arl 
Prom    Wndham   tbe   party  dispcraed  to 
luncheon,  at  whieb  they  were  entertain 
at  the   respective  bouses   of  Mr.   J 
Parker  and  l>r.  Actand*    Tbe  first  poii 
visited  after  luncheon  was  the  new  Uni< 
— a  building  erected  by  Mr.  Woodward 
the  University  Debating  Society,  and  pj 
fbsety  decorated  with  fi^^tscoes  b^f 
chiefly  amateurs — of  the  prt- 
school.     After  a  hasty  glance  at  Frei 
hall,  the  unpreteDdmg   residence  of  t 
Prince  of  WmIcs  while  at  the  1 
the  6ieurstonisti«  prot^eetietl  to  U  . 
)cge,  where,  under   tbe  guidance  i*f  i 
Scott,   they   inspected  the  chapel  late|< 
erectwl   by   Mr.  Butt^rrficld.      llic   n* 
point   was    Hxctcr    College,   where    M 
Cbamberbiin  briefly  |iointed  out  tbe  beau- 
ties of  the  magtitticent   chapel   buiU   by 
Mr.  G.  U.  Mcott.    This  cbai>«l  is  tbe  UtieK 
in  tbe  0uivt:p^tty,  and  indeed,  for 
f^lneas  noited  with  solemnity,  it  U  ti( 
excelled  by   any  similar   edifloe   la 
kingdom.      Die    compariKnt   of 


Worcegter  Jrchiieciural  Society. 


530 


Gbupel  i^ltb  thftt  at  Balliol  was  some- 
wli*t  to  the  tUsadvuntage  of  tlie  latter ; 
but  it  should  bo  borne  in  oiind  that  Mr, 
Butlerfield'fl  chapel  is  by  far  the  smaller 
of  the  two,  and  that  it  coat  little  more 
than  a  third  of  the  sum  expended  on  the 
chapel  at  Exeter  College.  Making  the 
utmost  allowance,  however,  for  these  cir- 
Gumatancea,  it  is  impoasible  not  to  award 
the  pftlm  of  floperioritjr  to  Mr.  Soott,  who 
has  avoided  a  oertoin  &ncifiiln€*a9  of  con- 
struction and  colour  whiph  renders  Mr. 
Butterfield's  work  less  attrsctive  than  it 
otherwise  would  be. 

from  this  point  the  visitora  were  p'aced 
under  the  guidance  of  Mr.  J.  H.  Parker, 
who  impart^Ml  to  his  explanations  sufficient 
fulness  without  renderinij?  theintire&ome  by 
rcpi*tition  or  by  the  introduction  of  irrele- 
vant matter.  The  first  plftce  visited  under 
Mr.  Parker*!  guidance  waa  Wolsey's  uoble 
fouQibition,  Christ  Church  College,  After 
the  magnificent  hull  had  been  cxammed, 
the  cathedral,  UAed  as  the  college  chattel, 
WJU  inspected.  The  edifice  is  now  in  process 
of  rcitonitlon,  and  bids  fair  to  assume  even 
more  than  its  pristine  beauty.  Tli©  curioua 
shrine  of  St.  Frideswide  having  bo*?n  de- 
scribed by  Mr.  Parker,  and  Fulfie'tent  time 
allowed  for  a  careful  examination  of  the 
cathedral,  the  visitors  proceetled  to  Mer* 
ton  Cull<»gc,  the  •*  cradle  of  the  Untver. 
aity/*  with  its  beautiful  chapel,  lately  re- 
■Ukred  by  Mr.  Buttcrfield  The  next 
plftca  visited  was  Biahop  Waynflete's  col- 
lege— Magdalen,  where  the  chief  point* 
of  Interest  were  the  founder's  chambers 
(reatorrd  in  precise  accordance  with  their 
original  condition)  and  the  reraarkubly 


fine  chapel,  with  its  solemn  ante-chaptl, 
ornamented  with  real  "  painted"  windows 
of  the  kind  in  vogue  during  the  worst 
period  of  lost  century. 

The  visitors  were  so  greatly  pressed 
for  time  that  they  wero  unable  to  bestow 
even  a  glance  upon  the  famooa  walki 
of  Magdalen,  but  were  obliged  to  leave 
the  college  and  return  along  High -street 
to  the  Star  Hotel,  whore  dinner  was  pro- 
vidctl.  Most  of  the  party  made  their  way 
direct  to  the  hotel;  but  a  few,  more  ad- 
venturous or  less  fatigued  than  tlio  rest, 
paused  for  a  few  tuinnt^^  to  ascend  ta 
the  roof  of  the  RaddillVj  Library,  whence 
a  superb  view  of  Oxford  was  obtained. 
Time,  however,  allowed  of  no  more  thun 
a  hasty  glance. 

A  short  delay  occurrpd  in  proeuring 
the  keyiof  the  RadclifTe  Llbniry,but  this 
Mr,  Parker  turned  to  accemnt  by  conduct- 
ing the  party  to  the  clmptd  of  Brazen ose 
College  (now  under  repair),  where  they 
found  an  elegantly  coloured  ceiling,  whidi 
has  attracted  in  general  less  notice  than 
it  deservea,  as  the  redeeming  feature  of 
an  otherwise  ugly  edifice. 

After  dinner,  Mr.  S.  Tiramina,  who 
took  the  chair,  proposed  a  vote  of  thanks 
to  I>r.  Scott,  the  acting  Vice -Chancellor, 
to  the  Hetids  of  the  various  CoUr  ge*  visiteil 
during  the  day,  aod  to  Dr.  Achnd,  Mr. 
Parker,  and  Mr.  Spiers,  for  their  courteous 
attention  and  the  valuable  assistance  ren- 
dered by  them.  The  motion  was  carrird 
by  acclamation,  and  the  furuial  business 
being  thus  concluded,  the  visltori  left 
for  the  railway  station,  and  returned  to 
Birraingharo. 


WORCESTER  ARCniTECTFRAL  SOCIETY. 


Oet,  1.  The  annual  meeting  was  held 
At  the  Natural  Hiatory  Society's  lecture- 
room.  The  chair  was  takeu  by  Sir  Ei>WAttl) 
LlOHnm,  and  among  those  present  wc  re 
the  Hon.  F.  Lygon.  M.P.,  Revds.  Canon 
Wood,  G.  Munn,  H,  G.  Pepya,  and  Mr, 
J.  S.  Walker  (the  three  latt«r  Hon.  Sees.), 
Revtls.  R.  Cattley,  W.  Bourn,  F.W,  Becker, 
R.  P.  Hdl,  Meas^rt.  Bamett,  H>hi  Holden, 
G.  J.  A.  Wftlker,  W.  J.  Hopkins,  E.  Lees, 
end  a  few  liidiai. 


The  Rev.  G.  Munn  read  the  annual  re- 
port of  the  committee,  whidi  stated  that 
the  past  year  ha^I  been  one  of  unuNual 
activity  as  re^rded  church  building  and 
restoration  within  the  diocese.  Never  since 
the  ettablishment  of  the  S<x:iety  had  the 
committee  had  to  record  the  progress  and 
oompletiou  of  such  important  works.  Since 
the  preaentittion  of  laat  year's  rep*>rt  the 
following  new  churches  bad  been  conse- 
crated, vis.,  St  Jawee's,  WoUaitoni  St 


540 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  IntelUgeneer. 


[Not. 


John's,  Stourbridge;  St.  Mary'p,  Selly  O^k; 
All  Sjiiiitf',  Warwick ;  the  rebuilt  chorches 
of  Daylesford  and  Alvechnrch;  and  the 
new  cemeterj  chapel  at  Great  Malvern* 
The  chnreh  erected  by  Warren  Hastings 
at  Dajlesford  bad  been  replaced  by  one 
of  ratber  larger  dimensions,  and  far  more 
correct  in  an  ardiitectnnd  point  of  view, 
at  the  cost  of  H.  Grisewood,  Esq.,  from 
the  designs  of  Mr.  J.  L.  Pearson,  of  London. 
After  commenting  on  the  notorioosly  in- 
convenient arrangement  and  unseemly 
state  of  the  parish  church  of  Alvechurch 
formerly,  the  report  went  at  some  length 
into  the  extensive  improvements  that  had 
taken  place  tbere  recently.  Under  the 
superintendence  of  Mr.  Butterfield,  and  at 
a  moderate  outlay,  considering  the  extent 
of  the  work,  the  mutilated  sanctuary  had 
been  transformed  into  a  striking  and  noble 
church,  a  result  in  great  measure  due  to 
the  judicious  use  of  simple  materials,  and 
to  the  great  height  of  tbe  church,  which 
produced  a  most  digoified  effect,  especially 
in  the  interior.  To  gain  that  loftiness,  the 
exterior  appearance  of  the  tower  had  to 
be  sacrificed,  by  carrying  the  ridge  of  the 
nave-roof  up  to  the  parapet.  The  addi- 
tion of  a  lofty  pyramidal  roof  to  the  tower, 
as  designed  by  the  architect,  would  be  an 
improvement,  but  nothing  short  of  an 
additional  stage  of  masonry,  surmounted 
by  a  spire  or  high  roof,  would  bring  the 
tower  into  harmony  with  the  church. 

After  alluding  to  the  commencement  of 
All  Saints'  Church,  Warwick,  and  to  the 
recent  completion  of  St.  Mary's,  Selly  Oak, 
the  committee  stated  that  new  or  re-built 
churches  would  shortly  be  ready  for  conse- 
cration at  Offenham,  Barbourne,  and  Lin- 
dridge. 

The  committee  reported  that  one  of  the 
worst  cases  of  the  wanton  destruction  of 
ancient  and  valuable  work  that  had  ever 
00316  under  their  notice  was  that  now 
being  effected  at  Exhall  Church,  near  Al- 
cester,  (which  had  been  put  iuto  the  hands 
of  an  ordinary  builder,  who  was  evidently 
quite  ignorant  of  the  first  principles  of 
church  architectnre).  Tbe  plans  for  tbe 
so-called  restoration  had  been  recently  laid 
before  tbe  committee,  fVbm  which  it  ap- 
peared that  interesting  old  windows,  a  Nor- 


man doorway,  and  a  wooden  bdl-torret 
were  to  be  destroyed,  in  order  to  give 
place  to  others  of  tbe  boilder's  own  de- 
signing. The  new  bell-gable,  the  bat- 
tresses,  and  the  porch  (the  only  new  works 
of  which  drawings  were  sent)  were  rery 
ugly  in  themselves,  and  out  of  keeping 
with  the  nmplidty  of  the  old  church.  The 
committee  had  reported  strongly  against 
the  plans  to  the  Church  Building  Sodety, 
and  it  was  satisfactory  to  them  to  know 
that  that  Sodety  refused  to  make  any 
grant  towards  carrying  those  plans  into 
effect.  Thus  another  instance  was  aflforded 
of  the  lamentable  injury  inflicted  upon  an- 
dent  buildings  through  the  abaenee  of 
proper  profesdonal  superintendente.  In 
conclusion,  the  committee  invited  discus- 
sion at  the  meeting  as  to  whether  the 
sphere  of  thcT  Sodety's  operations  could 
with  advantage  be  extended  so  as  to  in- 
dude  Herefordshire,  now  so  dosely  con- 
nected with  this  county  by  railway,  and 
possessing  many  churches  and  buildings  of 
great  interest  at  present  but  rery  little 
known;  and  also  what  steps  should  be 
taken  to  prepare  for  the  annual  meeting 
of  the  British  ArchsBological  Institute  in 
Worcester  in  1862. 

The  inclusion  of  Herefordshire  was  ap- 
proved of  by  tbe  meeting,  as  was  also 
the  appointment  of  a  committee  to  make 
arrangements  for  the  visit  of  the  Insti- 
tute. It  was  mentioned  that  there  are 
many  objects  of  interest  in  the  neighbour- 
hood well  worthy  of  a  visit — such  as  Cruck- 
barrow-hill,  the  largest  Druidical  mound 
in  the  kingdom,  and  tbe  Bambury  stone 
on  Bredon-hill,  as  well  as  a  number  of 
Roman  vases  and  urns  recently  dug  up 
near  the  cathedral  and  at  Diglis,  and  now 
in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Binns. 

On  tbe  following  day  several  of  the 
members  and  their  friends  proceeded  on 
an  excursion,  for  the  purpose  of  inspecting 
several  churches  lying  to  tbe  south  of 
Worcester. 

At  Kempsey,  the  excursionists  were 
received  by  General  Colville,  General 
Pilcher,  and  others.  Mr.  J.  Severn  Walker 
gave  a  short  historical  skttch  of  the 
parish  and  its  connection  with  the  his- 
tory of  the  bishopric,  tbe  Bishops  of  Wor- 


1861.] 


Worcester  Architectural  Society. 


541 


o«8t<er  Uftvin^  bad  a  palace  there  from 
a  Tery  early  period.  He  aldo  deflcnbcd 
the  architectural  features  of  the  cburch, 
which  U  a  cniciform  structure  of  con- 
Bidembk  wze*  The  chancel  is  a  fine  ex- 
ample of  Early  English;  traces  of  thia 
atyle  alao  occur  in  the  south  transept,  and 
at  the  west  end  of  the  south  aisle.  The 
nave  arciiden  arc  of  the  Decorated  period, 
the  rest  of  the  building  being  early  Per- 
pendicular, There  nre  triple  sedilta  and 
nn  elegant  piscina  in  the  chtmceU  and 
Bomo  good  old  stained  glass  remains  in 
one  or  two  of  the  windows.  I1ie  interior 
la  much  disfigured  by  deal  pewj^^orgnn-gjil* 
Icry,  plastered  ceilings,  and  mural  tablets, 
and  the  enterior  has  alao  been  covered 
with  a  coiiting  of  rtucoo.  Mr.  Leea  called 
attention  to  the  intcrcBiiiig  fact  of  the 
church  standing  in  the  centre  of  an  an- 
cient Roman  campt  General  Culville  and 
Qeneral  Pileher  invited  the  party  to  par- 
take of  refreshmenta,  but  the  time  allotted 
to  Kempwy  haring  expired,  they  could 
not  avtul  tbetnttllfes  of  the  proffered  ho«- 
pltaUty* 

Pirton  Court  wa»  the  next  object  visits. 
It  is  a  remarkably  fine  hair*timbered  struc- 
ture, baring  a  richly  ornamented  gable, 
and  a  Urge  stone  fireplace  in  the  prtn^ 
cipal  rocim.  The  moat  is  now  filled  up, 
and  a  considerable  portion  of  the  house 
baa  been  removed.  Pirton  Chupch  is 
an  interesting  little  Korman  structure, 
with  later  windows,  chiefly  Decorated,  in- 
serted* It  bad  once  a  tower  between  the 
nave  and  chancvl,  the  stairc4i»e  to  which 
still  remaina  in  the  north  wall.  The  pro- 
sent  tower  b  of  wood,  on  the  north  side 
of  the  nave.  The  whole  bnilding  Is  in 
a  di lapidated  state.  Some  fniitleaa  en- 
deavoar«  have  been  made  to  strengthen 
the  walls  by  means  of  iron  rods*  but  they 
are  in  such  a  bad  condition  n*  to  demand 
entire  rebuilding,  and  that  at  no  distant 
period. 

Strenaham  (the  next  place  of  halHng) 
has  a  very  interesting  church  of  the  Decvj> 
rated  and  Perpendicular  stylcf.  The  front 
of  the  western  gallery  is  thought  by  some 
to  have  been  origitially  tlie  rood-luft.  It  u 
divided  into  numeroua  pauela^  esush  con* 


taining  a  full-length  painting  of  an  vpo- 
stle  or  other  saint,  our  Lord  occupying 
the  centre.  Here  are  some  hraases  of  the 
HuBselU,  who  fiourished  here  for  n  period 
of  400  years.  Two  of  these  braaics  are 
now  in  the  vestry,  the  stone  to  which  they 
are  fixed  having  been  taken  up  by  the 
late  Rector,  Dr.  Grove,  in  order  to  place 
his  own  inscription  in  the  place  !  The  old 
open  seats  remain,  the  passage  between 
them  being  of  unusual  width,  and  pftved 
with  tiles  ;  the  patterns  are,  however,  for 
the  most  part  obliterated. 

Hill  Croomo  (next  visited)  is  a  very 
simple  structure,  with  a  gabled  tower  at 
the  west  end.  A  piscina  occupies  an  un- 
usual position,  being  phiced  across  the 
«outb-east  angle  of  the  chnneei  The  east 
window  has  just  been  filled  with  stained 
glass,  of  a  poor  description  however. 

Earl's  CrooraeChurch  has  a  chancebarchj 
doorwnys,  and  other  featurts  of  Norman 
workmanship,  and  on  the  north  side  is  an 
elegant  two- light  Decorated  window.  Un- 
fortunately, an  ugly  tower  was  erected  at 
the  west  end  some  years  ago,  but  judi- 
cious renovations  have  just  been  eflfected, 
including  the  removal  of  the  plaster  from 
the  exterior  of  the  chanceL  The  Rev.  H. 
Phiii>ott  bad  provided  luncheon  for  the 
visitors,  but  they  were  obliged  to  preas  on 
to  Severn  Stoke,  where  they  dined,  C. 
Holt  Unicebridge,  Esq.,  occupying  the 
chuir,  and  the  Rev.  11.  (1.  Pepys  belli g 
vice-chairman.  This  parish  church  wai 
afterwards  examined.  It  is  chiefly  of  the 
Decorated  period,  with  traces  of  Nor- 
man work  in  the  north  wall,  and  a  few 
Perpendicular  additiouit.  ^Flic  piera  and 
arches  are  rather  ungraceful,  and  the  in- 
terior is  much  disfigured  by  the  modem 
fittings.  The  tower  occupies  the  position 
of  a  north  transept,  and  groups  very  pic* 
torcfiquely  with  the  church^  The  Rev.  H, 
Burrow  exhibited  some  curious  old  regia- 
ten,  and  otherwise  conduced  to  the  plea* 
sarea  of  the  day  by  acting  as  local  hou* 
secretary. 

The  churches  viait«d  were  each  de- 
scribed by  Mr.  J.  S.  Walker,  and  it  was 
only  regretted  that  mure  time  could  not 
be  devoted  to  th«ir  iospeclion. 


•.i^  L- 


»0  [3i«r. 


€ont^mataut  ot  abuViuami  SrtoL 


EARLY  POEMS  BY  BISHOP  SHUTTLEVOKTH. 

Ms.  trsBi.3r, — In  joor  number  for  die  inoBlh  of  September  there  ww 
one  article  particalarlj  intererting  to  mjvelC  that  in  which  joa  treated 
joor  renders  with  two  poems  bj  Bbbop  Shottleworth,  of  the  existence  of 
whidi  I  wns  nm  nwve,  althoogh  in  habiu  of  infimacj  with  the  writer  far 
flMny  jeart,  espeeian j  in  earlj  dnrs^  when  he  was  n  private  tntor  aft  Eloa. 
I  beliere  be  nerer  pablifihed  a  Tolimie  of  poems ;  bnt  he  wna  conslantiy 
throwing  off  among  his  friends  some  amusing  sirps,  epigrams,  parodiea, 
iontatioDs,  sketches  of  character,  and  firely  toochea  of  the  incidents  of  the 
itff,  with  others  of  a  more  grave  and  soBd  character.  I  hare  sevwnl  of 
his  almost  extempore  lines  still  bj  me,  some  in  his  own  handwriting.  Hn 
was  a  man  much  to  be  rained,  and  was  highly  rained  bj  those  who  hnew 
him  weU*     One  evening  when  he  was  sitting  with  a  friend,  he  said,  "  Sop- 

pose,  J \  jou  and  I  trj  our  hands  at  veraifjring  some  of  the  Psnfaoa» 

•ofnewhat  alter  the  manner  of  Merrick."  In  a  daj  or  two  afterwaids,  Mr. 
Sbuttleworth  produced  the  two  following  versions.  To  me  thejr  appear  ex* 
eeedingly  beautiful :  they  are,  I  believe,  but  little  known.  Perhaps  yoa 
may  think  them  worthy  of  a  place  in  your  time-honoured  Magazine. 

Ssszx. 

PARAPHRASE  OF  PSALM  IL 

Why  thus,  with  useless  frensy  ir'd, 
Agamst  the  King  of  kings  oonspir'd. 
Strive  earth's  weak  sovereigns  to  detain 
Messiah  from  His  destin'd  reign  ? 
Vain,  vain  the  hope !  from  jonder  skies 
Th'  Almighty  God  their  wrath  defies, 
Pursues  His  predetermin'd  will. 
And  bids  the  arm  of  flesh  be  still. 
Complete,  at  length,  the  mjstic  birth 
Salutes  the  long-expectant  earth. 
He  comes  I  He  comes  1  the  seed  of  old, 
Bj  seers  descried,  bj  signs  foretold. 

•  The  Rsv.  J.  IL  Turner,  aftsrwsrds  Bishop  of  Calcutta. 


1861.] 


Early  Poems  by  Dithop  Shuttleworth. 


543 


O'er  curth,  o'er  ocean's  wide  domain, 
Messiah  reigus,  and  stUl  shall  reign ; 
O'er  i)rostrat€  kings  extend  His  away* 
Aftd  break  tlicm  like  the  fragile  claj. 
Prond  man  !  ere  yet  the  time  is  spent. 
Ere  yet  the  stroke  descends — relent; 
With  awe  submissive  kiss  the  rod, 
And  bend  beneath  the  **Lov^d  of  God  :** 
For  great  the  bliss  His  mercies  give, 
But  who  can  bide  His  wrath,  and  tive  P 


P.  N.  S. 


PARAPHRASE  OF  PSALM  CXXXVn^ 

By  proud  Euphrates'  stream  we  lay, 
And  wept  our  capti^re  hours  away; 
Whilst  on  lier  osier  beds,  unstrung, 
Our  tnnelesij  harps  neglected  hung. 
Th*  Assyrian  lord  with  pride  Hurvey'd 
The  slaves  his  conq'ring  arm  had  made ; 
And  "  Sing/'  he  cried,  "  the  sacred  lay 
That  rose  on  ^aleai's  festive  day." 
Oh  !  how  shall  captive  hands  aspire. 
To  wake  the  consecrated  lyre. 
Profaning  to  a  despot  s  ear, 
The  strains  Jehovah  dei^'d  to  hear? 
If  eer  this  hearty  where'er  1  lee, 
Judah  ]  forget  to  beat  for  thee. 
Or  fond  remembrance  cease  to  dwell 
On  thee,  deserted  Israel  I 
Then  full  this  arm,  then  dumbness  close 
These  hpSj  that  now  lament  thj  woes. 
Oh  1  Tbou,  whose  watchful  eyes  behold 
The  moc  Thy  mercies  reared  of  old ; 
Thine  arm,  Almighty  God,  display 
On  these  who  bear  Thy  sons  away. 
Yea,  haughty  land,  thy  race  is  run ; 
AVecp,  weep,  all-conq*ring  Babylon  I 
E  en  now  o'er  thy  devoted  tow'rs 
Tjje  day  of  retribution  low'rs. 
Thy  slaughtered  sires  unheeded  Ue, 
Thy  mangled  infants  gasp  and  die ; 
Whilst  Judah,  fiU'd  with  awe  divine, 
Owns  aU  her  woes  aurpafta'd  by  thiue. 


P.  N.  S. 


644 


Correspondence  of  Syhanus  Urban. 


[Nov 


REPORTS  OF  ARCH^X)LOGICAL  MEETINGS.    "  BIFORIETTA,'*  &c 


Mb.  UBBAy,  —  Everybody  who  ever 
speaks  in'public  must  get  gradosUy  hard- 
ened to  the  sort  of  noniense  which  report- 
en  mtist  often  pat  into  bis  month.  I 
remember  the  time  when  it  used  to  annoy 
me  to  see  myself  represented  as  talking 
some  stuff  which  had  never  oome  into  my 
head  and  still  less  out  of  my  lips.  Latterly 
I  have  consoled  myself  by  thinking  that 
the  readers  of  such  reports  fall  pretty 
much  into  two  classes,  those  who  do  not 
•ee  that  it  is  nonsense  at  all,  and  those 
who  see  that  it  is  such  nonsense  that  the 
speaker  cannot  have  uttered  it.  For  ex- 
ample, one  of  the  Northampton  papers 
made  my  talk  at  Crowland  last  July  con- 
sist of  the  very  fables  which  I,  together 
with  other  members,  did  my  best  to  upset. 
For  this  I  did  not  much  care ;  one  set  of 
people  would  think  it  was  all  right;  an- 
other would  see  that  I  could  not  have 
been  such  a  fool.  But  there  are  bounds 
where  human  long-suffering  gives  way; 
one  of  those  is  when  a  man  is  represented, 
not  only  by  a  local  penny-a-liner,  but  in 
the  Gentleman's  MAOAznni,  as  saying 
exactly  the  opposite  of  what  he  did  say  on 
a  controverted  subject  on  which  he  has 
thought  a  good  deal,  and  which  he  has 
a  floating  idea  of  some  day  treating  more 
at  length. 

This  misfortune  has  happened  tome  twice 
in  the  report  given  iti  your  last  number  of 
the  Cambrian  meeting  at  Swansea.  There 
is  an  architectural  case  and  a  historical 
case.  The  latter  is  really  important;  the 
former  I  should  have  left  to  correct  itself 
if  I  had  not  been  writing  about  the  other. 

First  then  I  am  made  to  say  in  Margam 
Chapter-house  that  "it  (the  chapter -house) 
had  another  peculiarity  —  that,  unlike 
most  monasteries,  it  had  no  passage  to  the 
church  itself." 

Every  one  who  knows  anything  of  col- 
legiate and  monastic  arrangements  knows 
very  well  that  in  a  collegiate  church  the 
chapter-house  almost  always  forms  part 
of  the  church  itself,  and  often  has  no  ap- 
proach  except  through  the  church.  In 
a  monastery  the  church  and  chapter- house 
10 


have  no  spedal  connexion;  both  are  ap- 
proached from  the  cloister,  but  there  is 
rarely — I  do  not  remember  any  instance, 
but  it  is  dangerous  to  fay  "never" — mnj 
passage  leading  from  the  one  to  the  other. 
This  distinction  I  tried  to  explain  at  Mar- 
gam  ;  yon  see  what  has  come  of  my  well- 
meant  attempt. 

This  hash  however  any  one  who  was  at 
once  knowing  and  charitable  would  set 
right  for  himself;  not  so  about  the  Fle- 
mings in  Gower.  I  am  made  to  say  poM- 
tively  that  "it  was  a  matter  of  histoiry 
that  there  was  a{Flemish  colony  in  Gower 
in  the  twelfth  century."  I  sud  no  such 
thing,  because  I  know  of  no  historicul  evi- 
dence on  the  point.  What  I  cUd  say  waa» 
that  the  Flemish  settlement  in  Pembroke- 
shire was  an  undoubted  lustorical  fact, 
and  that  the  analogy  of  Pembrokeshire, 
combined  with  the  received  tradition  as  to 
Gower,  seemed  to  me  evidence  enough  to 
make  us  accept  the  Gower  settlement 
also.  Ton  will  find  a  complete  report  of 
my  speech  in  the  next  "  Archaeologia  Cam- 
brensis;"  but  I  thought  I  ought  at  once 
to  contradict  the  statement  that  I  rested 
the  case  of  the  Flemings  in  Gower  on 
direct  historical  evidence  which,  as  far  as 
I  know,  does  not  exist. 

While  I  have  my  pen  in  hand  I  will 
g^ve,  what  otherwise  I  should  not  have 
g^ven,  a  line  or  two  to  your  correspondent 
Mr.  Westwood,  who  not  only  cannot  un- 
derstand a  joke,  but  takes  you  to  task  be- 
cause you  can.  I  am  not  going  to  argae 
with  him ;  no  scholar  would :  if  he  cannot 
see  of  himself  that  "  Biforietta"  is  simply 
"  before-gate,"  and  that  Hengest's  grand- 
father was  as  likely  to  be  commemorated 
in  Latin  as  Romulus'  grandfather  in  Eng- 
lish, it  would  be  vain  to  try  to  prove  it  to 
him.  By  "  the  Anglo-^axon  words  in  use 
fbr  'before-gate,'"  I  suppose  he  means 
the  Old-English  spelling  "Bef<5re  [or  be- 
f<5ran]Ge4t  or  G4t."  What  difference  that 
makes  I  really  cannot  see. 

It  has  often  struck  me'that  the  Old- 
English  colloquial  pronunciation  must 
have  been  much  less  unlike  our  modem 


1861.] 


Ingulfs  Chronicle. 


S46 


pronuncmtion  tblt  one  would  tliinlc  from 
the  spelling.    When  WO  get  a  bit  of  Old- 
English  quoU*<l  by  French  or  Liitin  writ*  ra, 
it  it  sure  to  l>e  much  more  like  inrKlrrri 
English  thnD  is  the  written  Old-Engliiih 
of  the  Chroniclu.  Thu*.  in  the  "  Romun  do 
Kou"  {13,1  iy-£0)  tho  EnglUh  ut  SenUc  cry 
[•■OlicroMe"   and   **G.td*,'mito*' — tliia   last 
I  being  expUtnod  to  be  "  Dci  tot  poismnt.*' 
1 311118  in  William  of  Canterbury's  "  Life  of 
[St.Tbomus''  (GilcA.  i.  31)  Hugh  of  More> 
[  l^ille*s  wife  crie«  out  "  Hnwe  of  Morevile, 
[  IV art  war,  wnr,  Lithulf  ha\ eth  hii^  sword 
( ydriiweti.'*     Both  these    Bpitiiuens  seem 
I  like  Inter  Eiii^^lish  i    probtibty    they   give 
the  prontinciiition  of  the  tiiiiCp  roj^rdle^s 
of  the  literary  *fpelling.    *'  Yiimw  en."  like 
,  **  birorictt;!/*  sho^M  thi^t  the  initial  p  was 
*  already  beginning  to  be  aoflencd  into  y— 
at  Qeor^^Ycar.    Tbe  odd  thing  is  thut 


Hugh  of  MoroviUe'e  wife  should  speak 
En^liBh  nt  all. 

*rh<*  street  at  Shrewshnry  called  "  Blfo- 
riotta"  is  still  known  fu*  the  **  Abl>ey  Fore- 
gate,"  I  have  been  reminded  of  thii  bj 
one  who  knnna  both  the  English  tongue 
aud  the  town  of  Shrewabnry ;  hut  1  ought 
tu  have  remembered  it  for  myself. 

Tliat  1  •'  seem  fond  of  attempting  deri- 
vations" U,  I  8uppf>Be,  Mr-  Westwood's 
rather  fianny  way  of  saying  that  I  Inivo 
a  lit  tit:  turn  for  Comparative  Philolngy. 
1  cjiunot  tell  him  anything  about  the 
Veictiiriouc!! ;  but  it  has  tttniek  me  that 
the  Cat  Stone  mtiy  perhaps  have  sinne- 
thing  to  do  with  M«en  Ccti — 1  hope  1  am 
right  in  my  Webh — and  Kit^t  Cufy  Ur>use. 
I  ilin,  Ac.      EoWaBD  A.  FBlEEaLiN, 

OeL  VJ,  1861. 


INGULF*S  CHRONICLE— ITS  ERRORS. 


Ha.  Urbax, — On  looking  over  your 

S'nmber  for  this  mouth,  I  observe  some 

n  in  I  irks  by  Mr.  E.  A.  Freeman  ni>on  my 

paper  on  **  Ingulfus,"  read  at  the  recent 

I  Pc'terhorough   Congress  of  the   Arctnco- 

Hogicttl    Inhtitutej    at    which    meeting — 

|lUiwU);b  you  inadvertently  (p,  385)  stute 

l^he  contmry — 1  regret  that  I  was  luuihle 

*  btf  present. 

Mr.  Freeman  mentions  "Mr,  Rih-y's 
own  error  (and  liii^ulfs  too)  in  turning 
King  Ih'ht  ,  father  of  the  Emperor  Otto, 
into  an  E  operor  himsJf."  If  I  am  in 
I  rror  here.  I  hiive  the  satiiifaetlon  of  crr» 
ijjg  in  g(HKl  company .  Wolfgang  Meuzel, 
the  historian,  who,  I  presume,  knows 
something  about  these  mat  ten,  epenking 
of  Hfiiry  I  he  Fowler,  says, — *'Tbe  error 
he  hud  committed,  it  was  his  firm  purpjane 
to  atone  for  by  hb  conduct  a*  EMjttror" 
He  also  speaks  of  Conrad,  Henry's  im- 
mediate predecessor,  as  **  Emperor/*  On 
taming  to  the  **  Penny  Cydoi>icdia"  {x'u 
p,  189).  I  find,—"  Conrad  ...  was  elected 
Eii)|>en)r  of  Geriuany.  After  Conrad's 
de«ith  (t>lB)  Llenry  the  Fowler,  Duke  of 
Saxony,  was  elected  E mirror." 
Again^  Ingulf  says,  that  after  the  battle 


of  Brunenhurgh  (a,i>.  037),—"  Hugh,  King 
of  the  FmnkA,  also  sent  for  anotiier  sister 
of  King  Athelstiin,  to  he  given  in  nmrringe 
to  his  son  ;'*  in  it-ference  to  which  Mr. 
Freeman  remarks, — '*  It  is  evident  from 
the  whole  passage  that  Ingnlfa  vnistHke 
is  BOlvly  in  the  title  ;  lie  baa  turned  Hugh, 
Duke  of  the  French,  father  of  Hugh,  King 
of  the  Fieuch,  into  a  king  hlinaelf."  S^ 
far  from  Ingulfi  mistake  biing  "sob'ly 
in  Ihe  title,'*  he  here  comttiits  two  aiUli- 
tional  errors,  Hugh  married  Eadhild, 
Atliektan's  sister,  himself;  and  this,  not 
in  a.D.  937,  but  in  926. 

Notwithstanding  Mr.  Freeman's  dissent, 
I  am  inellned  to  think  it  not  impnjhable 
that  the  co^npilers  of*"  inguUus"  have  mig" 
taken  the  numerals  of  A.ii.  987  (the  date 
of  the  accession  of  Hugh  Ciipet)  for  937, 
and,  in  tlicir  ignoraiict^ have  intetided  the 
alwiive  passage  to  lipply  to  him,  and  not  to 
bib  father.  It  can  hardly  he  a  mere  over- 
ught  or  slip  of  the  pen,  for  in  p.  51  he  is 
again  syioken  of  as  *'  Hugh,  Kin^  of  the 
Franks,** —  I  am,  *Se:c., 

HfiXBr  T.  UlLET* 

Ot?e.  25,  1861. 


Gb«t.  Maa.  Vol.  CCXL 


2V 


516 


Correspondence  of  Syivanus  Urban. 


[Nov. 


MR.  SCOTT'S  "WESTMINSTER  ABBEY." 


Mr.  Urban, — It  has  nff«)rded  me  great 
satisfaction  to  find  that  the  valuable 
papers  which  have  appeared  in  yoar  puges 
have  been  collected  into  a  volume;  but 
will  you  allow  me  to  point  out  what  seems 
to  me  to  be  an  important  oversight,  which 
if  repeated  in  the  volume  as  reprinted. 

The  great  question  as  regards  the  early 
church  is,  whether  Edward  the  Confessor 
built  a  nave  as  well  as  a  choir.  Mr.  Scott 
quotes  a  passage  from  Sir  Christopher 
Wren,  purporting  to  be  a  translation  fi'om 
a  contemporary  document,  in  which  the 
nave  is  expressly  mentioned,  thus : — 

"The  principal  area  or  nave  of  the 
church,  being  raised  high,"  &c. 

As  a  pi^e  justificaftf  he  has  printed  as 
a  note  what  purports  to  bo  the  original 
Latin,  which  to  my  mind  distinctly  men- 
tions the  choir,  not  the  nave,  thus : — 

"  Principalis  arcs  domus  altissimis  erecta 
fornicibus." 

This  I  translate  as  the  **  house  of,"  Le. 


"building  containing"  the  "high  altar." 
It  dots  not  follow  tliat  Wren  made  a 
blunder:  "Principalis  ar»"  may  be  an 
error  of  the  printer  or  transcriber  for 
"principalis  area,"  which  would  perhaps 
justify  Wren's  translation. 

On  this  point  I  should  be  much  obliged 
if  one  of  3'our  correspondents  could  give 
me  some  information.  The  passage  reads 
to  me  as  referring  to  the  "choir,"  i.e. 
the  part  east  of  the  "  cross  "  or  transepts, 
and  to  that  alone.  As  it  stands,  however, 
there  certainly  s^ems  to  be  a  want  of  con- 
sistency between  the  text  and  the  note, 
which  should  be  cleared  np. — I  am,  kc, 
Jasper. 

P.S. — May  I  ask,  also,  where  Wren  finds 
authority  for  "a  double  vaulting  of  the 
aisles  in  two  stories"  I  admit  that  the 
whole  passage  is  obscure  fVom  beginning 
to  end,  but  so  much  the  more  reason  why 
some  competent  person,  like  Mr.  Scott, 
should  g^ve  a  careful  translation. 


MARMITES. 
Me.  Uebak,~I  enclose  you  a  sketch  of    similarity  in  form  to  the  Marmitcs  de- 


a  small  bronze  vessel  (size  of  original)  dug 


Monnito      Sit«  of  the  orifiinaL 


up  some  time  ago  in  the  parish  of  Seal- 
ford,  Leicestershire.  I  have  been  much 
puzzled  as  to  its  origin  and  use.      Its 


picted  in  your  la^t  two  numbers  induces 
me  to  send  you  this  sketch.  WHiat  were 
Marmites  ?  and  does  the  small  tlse  of  my 
vessel  militate  against  the  probability  of 
its  being  one  ? — I  am,  &c. 

Leicester.  T.  NoETH. 

[Marmite  in  French  signifies  "  an  iron 
pot  for  porridge,"  &c.  In  Halliwell's 
**  Dictionary  of  Archaic  Words"  Marmite 
is  explained  as  "  a  pot  with  hooks  at  the 
side."  Dr.  Hyde  Clarke*8  Dictionary  sim* 
ply  defines  it  "  a  saucepan."  The  word  has 
been  of  hite  specially  applied  to  mediev^ 
iron  pots  of  shupe  similar  to  that  above 
depicted.  But  from  the  diminutive  size 
of  our  correspondent's  specimen  we  incline 
to  believe  that  it  must  have  been  a  play- 
thing for  a  child.] 


ORIGIN  OP  THE  NAME  HUSE. 
Me.  Urbax,— Will  you  allow  me  to  put     sary  for  a  memoir  that  I  have  andertaken 
the  following  question,  with  the  view  of     for  a  county  history  P 
gaining  some  information  which  is  neoes-         Where  can  I  find  a  list  of  the  Korman 


jsei.] 


Canditck. 


647 


|-|iciKntty  (Hill  cbicfe  wbo  came  over  with 
Williiim  I4  lit  tbe  Cotiqiirftt  F 

I  wimt  fco  trace  Hum*.  **froro  ncnr 
Cn'sarsburfj"  (Clier^Kmr*?),  with  special 
reference  to  tlic  ori^ftn  of  the  name.  It  is 
GonietimPti  »peU  Hojux  (tbe  crest  l»  11  hoot), 
or  Itoeve.  Iltwet,  1 1  usee.  Tbt^  cx-fur  in 
Dou)c«day,  Dii^tiale,  Camdisn,  Segar^  aud 
[  oilier  uuthorilieA. 

Onk'ricus  VitnliJi  mf'Titions^  under  1J>. 

I  lOfto,  **K«bert  d*[Jsai"  m  fulling  m  one 

iDf  the  Conqiieror*js  expeilitions  in   Nnr- 

itarirly,     tJsid  »till  exists — now  spelt  Ussy 

vtjii  inilt'Ji  imrth'Weat  of  Fuiui^e.     I* 

this  their  orij^in  ? — I  ain,  &c, 

W.  M.  li.  c, 
Cht  n.  1861. 


[The  Tiest  maUnrity  for  Angto-Normnn 
f«tmi]ieii  is  Mr.  Stnpleton**  citnTnentfiry 
on  tho  Norman  V\\>v  RoUk,  pnblishtcl  liy 
the  Society  of  Aiitit[Utir'ies,  {Mfttfui  IlQluli 
Sca4^carii  Norma ntiia  mh  Ee*}ibux  Anfffire, 
2  vol^.,,  8vo,.  18  iO).  Some  of  the  niiinc 
Le  Hoza,  Heti:^^.  Heusi^i,  Hosa,  Hn«ise,  are 
there  mctitioiietl,  from  ;i  fief  in  the  piirinh 
of  QuevJlly ;  hat  Mr.  l^tupletou  does  not 
reci>gtiise  tliein  aw  the  gatne  as  the  Hur^^pySt 
who  were  Lntiui^cd  na  Ho«iitua.  'Iliis  whs 
a  Dfirsetsbire  fmnily.  tind  a  good  deftl  iibout 
thi'tn  may  be  fotmd  in  Hutchins'*  Hifitory 
of  tlitit  county.  Probably  soino  of  onr 
correspondents  can  jrive  further  heljj  to 
W.  M.  U .  C»,  and  thorefuTe  we  hare  printed 
Mi  (jucstionj 


AUMS  AT  COXGHESBFRT. 


Mb. Urban.— In  an  interesting  paper 
\tfl\  the  medieval  bouuegof  Clevedmi  and  its 
jlM;ighbourhr>od,  that  appeared  in  a  recent 
lliuinber  of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  % 
L'^nn  statt;  the  shields  of  arms  that  decorate 
I  the  ponh  of  Coii^resbury  Rectory  to  bo 
'  tbaj«  btjme  by  tbe  eieeutors  of  Bi^shop 
Beekngton,     They  tire^  however, — 

1.  Th^  shields  «f  that  distinguished  prc- 
lite:  —  iVrgent,  on  a  fes»  azure,  a  UJitre 

l9isp)fly t'd  or ;  in  ebief,  three  bueks*  be&ds 
I^Oab  t«bed  giilca,  attired  of  the  third ;  in 
llNA^e,  three  pheom*  \\q\\^^  s^ible, 

2.  Of  Bishop  Stidiigton:  — Quarterly, 
land  fourth^  Argcut, three  blackamoura* 


heads  proper;  socmd  and  tlrrd.  Galei^  on 
a  fesH  between  three  leopards*  beads  argent, 
three  f!enrsdcdi«  65ibk\ 

3.  Of  the  tlioceset  —  Azure,  a  ealtire 
quarterly  qunrtvred.  or  and  iirgent. 

And  4*  al&ijk  of  tbe  united  ste  of  Bath 
and  Wells. — Azure,  a  iii\ltire  per  saitirt*, 
cjnarterly  quartered,  or  and  urgent;  on 
the  dexter  side  of  the  sidLire  two  key  a  in- 
dormd,  the  nprxT  or,  llie  lo^er  argent; 
and  on  the  sinister  side,  a  aword  or, 
chtirgod  with  a  crozier  cret^t  or. 

I  Hin,  4c,         C, 
Close- haUf  Welh,  SomtrtettAire^ 

Sep$.  isei. 


Mb.  Ubbax,— In  reply  to 
Ih'*:;  to  *ay  that  in  Hanip»biro  there  are 
tbre  villages  cidled  CiUiikiver  ikated  on 
ft  ftimiU  itreftm, — Prtston,  (Prtift-town,) 
^hilion,(Cbalky-town»)iuid  Brown  (Bourne, 
*  ruer)  Cumlovtr;  Candevre  in  l)<jme«- 
By.  Tljcre  is  n  Doraetsbire  pnrish  called 
r^unn.  Can  is,  prohahlyf  the  nAnie  of  the 
stream,  1ik«  Cam,  ami  the  lalur  Fylhible 
rfmr,  'a titer.*  Cmgl  is  tic  name  of 
«  British  trilk*.  Cmttield  wns^o.  Itertfjrd- 
ihire  name  in  the  time  of  Q<:cvn  Eliza- 


CAXDITCH. 
*  J.  S.  ^^  I     bcth  ;  and  Mon»nt»  speaking  of  the  phico 


■  flmn,  Hah,,  Mnjr*  D^l.  fi.  <^5. 
»  Oii>T.  Mau.,  Oct.  I6<il»  p.  431. 


fr  j'm  which  it  wiis  dt^nved,  absnrdiy  Siiys^ 
"The  meaning  of  cjine  ad  fieM  i*  oh- 
viou*,"  .  .  "  occasioned  by  tbe  qnnntity  of 
cane*  or  reeds  growing  in  the  river  U<»deii." 
(Hist,  of  Esse:?,  11.  lOD.)  In  Domrsdny  it 
is  ifpeU  Canefelda.  Canivk^tt  oxpbiini*  Km- 
dill  as  •■Candalc,  q.  d.  the  valley  on  the 
Can,  a  river,"  Jkc. ;  and  Cimfield  **  from 
its  standing  not  far  from  the  little  liver 
Can."  (Briiftnitin,  i.  51.)  Iliere  is  a  Cnri- 
ford  on  the  Onse  in  Ihirsetsb-r©.  In  Ci in- 
dents Imlox  there  is  a  reference  to  Can* 
dyke  which  I  rannot  verify,^!  am,  ke.^ 

JlACILEXItl  K.  C  WAtCOtT. 


548  [Not. 


Cl^r  BoU4io&k  ot  ^^Xbmni  Lilian. 


[  Under  this  title  are  collected  brief  note*  of  matter*  of  ewrremt  auHquariam  imieresi 
tchieh  do  not  appear  to  demand  more  formal  treatment.  Stltaxts  Ukbak  imvii^s 
the  kind  co-operation  of  his  Friends,  who  may  thus  preserve  a  record  ofwusny  tkim^ 
that  would  otherwise  pass  awatf.'] 

Re^PBHixG  or  Lichtibld  Cathedral^ — ^The  re-opening  of  Lichfield  Cathedral 
(the  na?e  with  the  choir),  took  pbice  on  Tuesday,  October  22.  Future  progress 
in  the  restoration  will  not  interrupt  the  daily  services.  The  particulars  of  what 
has  been  done  are  thus  detailed  in  a  published  statement: — ''It  will  be  seen 
with  satisfaction  that  the  liberality  of  the  diocese  has  enabled  the  greater  part  of 
the  dilapidated  or  wantonly  destroyed  stonework  to  be  restored,  the  whitewash 
of  long  standing  to  be  removed,  the  bishop's  throne  and  stall-work  to  be  com- 
pleted,  the  pavement  of  the  choir  to  be  ordered  (although  it  will  not  be  entirely 
laid),  and  a  light  and  open  screen  to  be  substituted  for  the  former  complete  sepa- 
ration of  the  church  into  two  parts,  besides  the  introduction  of  many  costly 
requisites, — the  organ,  the  font,  the  lectern  with  Bible,  the  Litany  desk,  lighting 
standards  and  candlesticks,  books  of  Service,  embroidered  altar  cloth,  poor's-box, 
&c.,  many  of  which  have  been  the  gift  of  individual  benefactors." 

Hbrepobd  Catredral  Restorations. — ^The  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Hereford 
prepared  a  statement  of  the  work  of  restoration  at  tliis  cathedral  already  effected 
and  yet  to  be  completed,  which  was  distributed  among  the  visitors  at  the  recent 
musical  festival.  From  this  statement  it  appears  that  of  the  sums  borrowed  on 
mortgage  (£13,000)  under  the  Hereford  Cathedral  Restoration  Act,  from  1859 
to  1861,  £10,000  has  been  expended  on  the  external  and  internal  restoration  of 
the  north  transept  and  aisles,  the  south  transept,  the  north  aisle  of  the  choir,  in- 
cluding Bishop  Stanbur/s  Chapel,  the  north-east  transept,  the  south-east  transept, 
the  south  aisle  of  the  choir,  the  chapter-house  and  vestibule,  the  Lady-chapel  and 
vestibule,  and  Bishop  Audley's  Chapel,  and  the  external  restoration  of  the  north 
aisle  of  the  nave,  the  north  porch,  the  south  aisle  of  the  nave,  and  the  great 
cloisters.  They  have,  therefore,  £3,000  in  hand  to  meet  the  balance  of  existing 
contracts  and  the  cost  of  flooring  generally  (except  the  choir),  repairing  and  reflx- 
ing  monuments,  releading  part  of  the  roof,  repairs  of  inner  stonework,  &c.  The 
following  additional  works  are  proposed  to  be  executed  if  funds  can  be  raised  for 
the  purpose : — Fitting  up  and  flooring  of  the  choir,  the  restoration  of  the  external 
stonework  of  the  tower,  lighting  the  cathedi-al  for  congregational  use,  and  fitting 
up  of  the  Lady-chapel  for  service  for  St.  John's  parish.  These  works  are  esti- 
mated to  cost  £8,000,  towards  which  the  Dean  and  Chapter  have  a  sum  in  hand 
and  promised  of  £3,553  10s.  lOd.,  leaving  £4,446  9s.  2d.  to  be  provided.  They 
therefore  appeal  to  the  public  for  pecuniary  aid,  and  state  that  if  the  funds  were 
supplied  the  whole  of  the  works  in  the  interior  might  be  completed,  and  the 
cathedral  opened  in  October  of  next  year. 


18G1.] 


549 


HISTORICAL  Al^P  MISCELLAKEOUS  BEYIEWS. 

Church  and  Conttntual  Arranfjement : 


a  Seri<*4  of  GroitHfi-pfnnx  and  Flntnt  of 
ihe  ArrrtHi^^fnetitii  of  Churches  in  Differmti 
Cotminrt  and  at  Succeashff  Ftriada,  and 
qf  ihfe  Convetttnal  JHauM  adopted  bjf  the 
Vwri0m  Ofders.  By  Mickkn^ik  K.  C. 
WAtcoTT,  M,A.,  F.H.A.,  of  ExL^ter  CulKg^, 
Oxtbrd.  (8vo,,  222  pp,  ami  17  1 'lutes, 
L^jTi<lon  ;  Atchley  and  Co.)— The  ftttmctive 
title  of  this  book  promised  a  mine  of  ueeful 
iDfirrmiitioii  to  the  ccclt^ia^rieiil  Architect 
iirid  antiqiinry.  We  readily  ii(*cepted  tlio 
iiivitiition  to  weigh  and  isoniiider  the  con- 
tents, fiilly  dispoAed  to  bo  propossetsed  in 
their  favour,  but  were  soon  penoJided  of 
the  nureaduble  natura  of  the  work* 

To  tho«ie  who  are  unacijuiilnt^d  with  a 
eofiftidfirable  nnmber  of  the  originul  build- 
ilig;s  Aud  tlieir  con§titueDt  parts,  many  of 
the  remark*  wotild  be  utterly  valuekasj 
they  «ro  often  «o  brief  us  to  bo  uniotelli' 
gible  withont  reference  to  a  ground- plan » 
which  IS  not  alwRye  at  hand,  or  else  ii 
ofleti   m  confused  as  to  be   rather  em- 

I  ItarrMsiug  than  explanatory.  The  work 
IS  iuidly  deficient  in  illustration,  and  of  the 
•eventeou  phiies  which  are  supposed  to 
elucidate  the  laiscelUnoous  notes,  the  ma- 
uriiy  are  but  reprints  of  tamiliar  and  o(t^ 
ing  euimpks. 
The  idea  as  «et  forth  in  the  title-page 
U  adniimble,  but  we  are  compelled  to  say 
tbttt  it  ii  not  reulizcd.     Every  page  re- 

,  quire»  careful  revinion;  the  "corrigenda" 

[ire   inclndid   within    moderate  couipaKa, 

'but  a  volume  would  bo  requisite  to  da 

,  them  scanty  jnstice. 

In  order  that  the  tone  of  these  obMir- 
atiofit  may  not  seem  niiduly  severe,  wo 

I  feel  bound  to  take  a  cursory  gUnee  at 
a  few  points  which  will^  we  believe,  fully 
justify  a  oonaiderable  amount  of  dissatls- 

.lactititi. 

Atnonf  the  more  important   types  of 

Church  arningtment  in  the  early  age% 

the   iuflitence  of  which  was    never  lost, 

that  of  the  basilica  is  foremost ;  and  the 

uihor  has  devoted  consider ,«ble  sx>ace  to 


the  lubject,  althongh  there  is  an  apparent 
want  of  harmony  in  its  tnattnent.  Fur 
invtanee,  wo  are  told  that  **the  hasUica 
itself  was  a  parallelogram*^  &€,,  and 
after  the  enumeration  of  a  leriea  of  es- 
itmples,  the  mind  of  the  reader  beinip 
fully  iuiprensed  with  the  "baMilicanyo/*!!?/* 
it  is  startlttig  to  6nd,  at  p,  18,  tluit  the 
b«iKl1iciin  plan  wss  of  &ix  kinds,  among 
which  »re  a  circle  and  an  octagon.  But 
if  San  Stefnno  in  Hotondo  have  the  rank 
and  title  of  a  baftUica  in  an  eeclciiia&tieal 
arnse,  it  cannot  be  regarded  as  the  fignre 
of  a  basilica  in  the  accepted  architectural 
moaning, aii  deSntd  hy  VimVmm {Tern plum 
VathaHum)t  and  ns  wbovc  stt  forth  aiid 
GDiphatically  described. 

In  speaking  of  the  high  altur  In  certain 
early  churches,  turned  towards  the  west, 
in  Home,  the  nuthor,  at  p.  iiO,  refers  to 
the  fact  tlirit  the  celebrant  stnnndi  with 
hiB  face  towards  the  people,  but  without 
aflbrding  a  clue  to  the  reason;  and  wo 
have  to  rend  on  as  far  as  p.  62  before  it 
transpires  that  each  was  the  cii8?om  in 
order  that  he  might  face  the  east,  as  in 
churches  of  true  ortentatton.  In  the  former 
iiistanoei  the  celebrant  on  the  west  side  of 
the  altar  faces  the  people,  and  tlie  altar  is 
between  them  :  in  the  latter  instunce,  the 
celebrant  stancU  between  the  altar  and 
the  people,  towards  whom  h«  hack  is 
turned.  This  is  both  a  remarkable  di- 
versity of  plan  and  ritual  observance,  and 
in  a  work  which  professes  to  trt^at  speci- 
ally of  arrangement,  it  would  have  been 
better  to  discriminate  between  the  rela- 
tive aspects  of  the  altars  in  the  early 
chnrches  which  stood  east  snd  west,  or 
the  contrary,  than  leave  it  to  be  guessed 
from  obscure  and  disjointed  qnotitt^ons. 

It  is  stated,  at  p.  lil,  that  a  smnli  detik 
for  the  "  pn  center"  is  attachetl  to  the 
chief  ambo  in  the  choir  of  Sun  Clemente  i 
surety  the  deacon's  ambo  on  the  opposite, 
or  Gospel  side,  with  the  pafclnd  csmdle- 
stickt  is  the  diffnior.  The  desk  whence 
the  rrophecies  are  read  duritig  the  OIBee 


M'uceUaneouB  Ranritics. 


rXor. 


er>l*  '.f  *b*  a'<i>^  '/  .S.C;«t€«fV  are  er/a* 
|*ra*.lT*:W  tt'/^^m,  ac4  Lad  tF'en  >**vt 
»?,#r»rj  :ri  a  I'stttUr  trM,  «r  alu<e'^tb£r 
ixft'.'.t^,  ;f  »e ire  to  cofc**a.p!at*  "a  <r/3i- 
|,!fr^^  .4;<<tfr'n>?)  of  a  baiillcA  of  the  fourth 
or  fifth  asTttnTj/* 

TsMt  or/^*Tver  miut  hare  ^'^m  n/I-T  ron- 
foMr'l  vrien  >itf;  }ffrMd  M  di^tinc*.  c^iarehes 
Hianta  Cwlia  in  Trart*?Tere,  ar.d  San*  a  Ce- 
cilia, V^ftmx !  To  tcabj  rca/l«r«  it  wonld 
be  rath<^  difii'rtilt  to  airi^e  a*.  tLe  crja- 
e1aAK>n  tliat  tl»<r  PAltjwlnt;  worfb,  at  the 
iMsd  of  a  li*t.  relaUr  to  one  and  the  aame 
tA'i^cf., — •'Tlie  bii^isUrnr  of  Conatantta, 
K^/me,  c.  ilO,  that  '>f  .St.  A^iCrte,  and  the 
t/>inb  of  St.  Helena,"  A«.  Tp.  21.) 

And  when  we  arrive  at  the  oonsider- 
atir/n  of  churcrh  arran^^ements  nearer  home, 
we  ar<;  grave<jr  \u(fmned  that  Cistercian 
chnrr-lito  were  characterized  by  ali»ence  of 
triforimn,  and  e%-en  of  painted  jrlasa.  The 
exqni«iiUflv  TMMntifnl  early  gla^Wt  known  at 
griMiir.e,  without  fij^nnrs,  was  osual  in 
the  chnrchcH  of  the  Cistercians;  and  it 
will  l^e  sufficifrnt  to  cite  the  elegant  ex- 
ainpkM  of  the  rtiined  ablxys  of  Kievaulx 
and  Hyland  to  refnte  the  awcrtion  that 
triforia  were  inadmiHsible. 

(.f  Kn^li»>h  Cinuiac  churches,  that  of 
8t.  PanfTas  Priory  at  I^wes,  one  of  the 
moht  important  and  interesting,  a  con- 
sidffrabic  pr>rtion  of  the  plan  of  which  was 
rfvef«h,'<l  during  the  excavations  for  the 
railway,  is  not  even  nanie<l.  Cautle-Acre, 
which  WHS  subject  U)  it,  is  erroneously  de- 
iicril)ed  in  the  phin  at  p.  05  as  Pncmon- 
•tratf.'nHinn. 

It  is  laid  down,  apparently  as  a  rule,  for 
no  qualification  is  expressed,  that  in  the 
churchcH  of  the  Fri;irs  the  stalls  occupied 
the  nave  and  the  congregation  the  pnrallel 
niMln,  A  conduition  UiMed  on  a  remark  of 
M.  Viollet-le-Duc  on  the  douMe  nave  of 
thn  Dominican  Church  in  Paris,  and  not 
gcnerully  applicable,  for  it  is  certain  that 
in  nearly  all  the  Friary  churches  the 
choir  stalls,  if  not  heyond  the  high  altar, 
are  screened  off  from  the  nave,  which  wos 
iinincumitere<l,  in  order  to  accommodate 


1=.  tL»  fy.iTr\,>ii*  of  :L*  !arr»r  ccc:a:«- 
nIt:-=«,  cLaT-rU  f-jc  fide  altan  wene  \^£jX. 
frxD  the  Sr*t,  that  »  lo  say.  *-ra  after 
the  r:.^.nm:a:-:c  of  the  Orders  of  Fran 
FrcAchen  axid  Frian  M'zaocB  ia  the  itir- 
te»-r.tb  cenrcrr. 

TLe  bi-V/j/i  throDe  at  San  Cl^tnetrt*', 
B«a:e,  is  aahi,  witlK^t  pnrX  cr  f-rcba- 
UlitT.  Uj  btf  of  the  oiittL  ocntorj,  and  that 
of  San  W/TfTizo  octside  the  waT!*.  de- 
scribed as  **  Romax^e^qne."  is  in  the  Itaiian 
Gothic  style  of  the  thzrretDth  century 
inlaid  with  m^jsaic  work.  MoTcXjrer,  :t  ia 
stated  that  episcopal  thrc«es  **  began  to 
be  of  worjd  in  the  fiftef^nth  oentoxy,*' 
whereas  there  is  one  of  the  thirt^mtli 
oentnry,  in  that  material,  in  the  cathedral 
of  Snsa,  and  in  thoae  of  Exeter  and  Here* 
ford  the  thrones  are  of  the  ioarteenth 
century,  as  was  that  of  W^elk  prerioo^lj 
to  the  mischief  c<.rmmitted  in  the  choir 
a  few  years  since. 

Tlie  golden  frontal  of  the  elerenth  cen* 
tnr\'  for  the  declaration  of  the  high  altar 
of  the  Cathedral  of  Basle  on  solemn  festi- 
vals, now  preserved  in  the  Hotel  Cluny, 
Paris,  is  de»cr':bed  Hith  existing  altars  of 
stone.  Goldsmiths'  work  of  simihir  age 
and  character  was  employed  for  retAblrfl» 
not^  ithstand  ng  that  our  author  assures 
us  that  the  laiter  ''  began  to  be  used  in 
the '  hirte<nth  century."  The  altar  frontals 
at  WestminstiT  and  Norwich  are  by  no 
means  to  be  cited  as  retables,  any  more 
than  the  antependia  at  Campden  and 
Steeple  Aston :  nor  is  the  reredos  at  Christ 
C*liurch,  Hants.,  as  is  evident  by  the  style 
of  the  sculpture  of  the  figures  and  cano- 
pies, which  is  that  of  the  fourteenth 
century. 

The  author  is  satisfied  with  very  recent 
examples  of  credence-tables,  and  has  en- 
tirely ignored  those  of  the  Catacombs, 
hewn  out  of  the  living  tufa:  but  as  he 
adheres  to  the  extinct  and  easily  refuted 
idea  that  **  the  Catacombs  were  quarries,'* 
we  are  less  surprised  by  the  oniission. 

Speaking  of  the  lodge  of  the  superior, 
which,  "  hy  the  Austin  Canons,  was  con- 
nected on  the  west  side  of  the  cloister 
with  the  nave,"  in  the  very  next  aentence 


18G1.] 


The  Gates  of  Norwich. 


551 


vfd  are  informed  tbat  in  the  prriory  of  the 
Sjiul  Order  at  Ne«v&tinid  it  was  ou  the 
Ttouth-etui  of  the  clobtcr,  ilio  ]afitcit4.Ml 
lbt<ilding  bein^  a  j!icr»l>eiin  addition d wring 
Qie  tenure  of  the  Dyruti  family,  with  the 
dutti  of  ervctioQ. 

llio  ob«ervftti<m«  on  eccledagtical  vest- 

meuts  are  quite  out  of  place;  Ibnt  what 

is  more  remurkable  is  the  ejitmordiniiry 

amoutit  of  niistake«  iq  «o  sniall  n  compass, 

l^iiHidermg  the  abundance  of  indispntable 

Imithorittcs,     It  will  suffice  to  notice  the 

f  Absurdity  of  confounding'  the  linen  amic€ 

rivorn  iit  the  altar  with  the  ynr  aumuce 

l«iD<>ed  in  the  choir  by  eerUiu  cauotis;  neither 

I  ia  the  arc)ibiidiop*s  pidlium  a  stole,  nor  the 

WKjhct  a  'Mineu  cassot'k."    ThtTe  i»  also 

I  A  dilT**rcuce  between  a  t'ope  {pJuriatt)  iind 

cappiL.      The    multiple    {manipututn)   \n 

[«U\uyii  worn  on  the  Itft  arm,  whether  of 

pope,  bishop,  prieat,  deacon,  or  sub'deAcon. 

VVe  have  pointed  out  sotnu  among  many 

di»rrepnnciea  as  they  occurred,   many  of 

wliiih  might   have  been  eAHily  a?oided« 

Ik*ubilf«  the  main  faults  may  be  attri- 

bnted  to  the  circumHtance  that  confused 

ideas  are  acquired  by  heterogeneous  notoe 

from  books,  where  an  exaroiuutlon  of  the 

I  originul  would  have  been  decisive* 

Duly  appreciating  the  laborious  reading 
of  the  compiler,  the  book,  in  ita  present 
form,  can  never  become  Hn  authority.  Wo 
.  atari eil  with  the  impression  th:a  we  should 
'be  richly  entirtuiueii  and  comiiderably  cii- 
Ftglitenedi  if  in  some  respects  wo  have 
been  diauppointcd,  we  hope  the  blame  is 
not  entirely  our  own. 

n^VM  ofiht  Oatet  ofKormhh,  made  in 

uUe^eaff  1792-3.  by  ih^  late  Jokn  Sinhttm, 

wilh  an  EUtorieal  IiUrodvetion,  ExtraeU 

/ram  the  Corporatinn  liec<ird9t  and  Paper* 

ofth*  late  John  Kirkpatrick,   Canirihuffd 

lift  iht  TranxnclionM  of  the  Norfolk  and 

Ijioneich  Arckaological  HitciHif.    By  Hob, 

JjTiTCn.    F.8,A.,    KU.S,    Su%]    Honorary 

^       urer  and  SeeretiLry,    (Norwich  :  Cnn- 

I  nod  Co,    Ito.,  ixxv.  and  aii  pp.,  and  22 

*t«.) — Tills  work  is  creditable  in  every 

•fj%y  to  Mr.  Fitrh,  and  worthy  of  his  ropu. 

^,  and  ubhuu'fli  the  tuhjct't  is  nr<ces- 

oiui  of  clikily  local  Luterest^  it  ia 


not  entirely  eo,  for  the  history  of  Norwich 
is  identical  with  that  of  many  other  towns 
and  cities.  Previous  to  the  time  of 
Kdaard  I.  the  fine  Norman  ke»*p  waa 
considered  sufficient  defence,  and  the  city- 
was  enclosrd  by  earthworks  only,  snr- 
mounted  of  com^e  by  wooden  palisades: 
this  is  the  usual  history;  atone  walla  of 
enclofiure  with  their  towers  and  gate- 
bouses  were  rarely  introduced  before  the 
end  of  the  thirteenth  ceutnry,  and  were 
constructed  almost  universally  during  the 
reigns  of  the  three  Edward*,  as  is  nbiin- 
duntly  proved  by  the  public  recorda. 
These  walla  were  |j reserved  in  most  in- 
stances long  after  they  could  be  of  any 
possible  use,  and  were  often  a  most  de- 
cided nuis»iiice  before  they  were  destroyed* 
Being  originully  4Vohti  property,  they 
contiimed  to  l*e  so,  and  tlic  auHrnt  fee- 
farm  rent  continued  to  be  paid  by  the 
cities  to  the  Crown  until  the  utemorable 
and  most  statesman-like  act  of  Pitt,  about 
171*0,  when  the  cities  were  permitted  and 
encouniged  to  purchase  the  tee-simple  at 
tfn  years'  purchase  of  the  rents  then 
payable.  Fortunately  for  the  prosperity 
of  the  town?,  the  change  in  tltc  vidue  of 
money  had  never  Uvn  thought  of,  or 
taken  into  account  in  tlii«$  as  in  so  many 
other  mattfrs,  and  the  sntn  to  be  piiid 
Vfnn  therefore  little  raor*-  tfum  a  t^^eiitieth 
part  ii(  tlie  n  ni  vidue  of  the  property  ;  in 
many  casts  the  land  for  which  a  thouK»nd 
pounds  was  paid  for  the  purtbase  of  tho 
free  In  J  Id,  ntjw  pr<>duces  to  the  city  a  thou- 
sand a  year,  and  the  rapid  increase  in  the 
prospiTify  of  ont  cities  dates  principally 
from  thsit  period. 

Norwich  has  bei-n  more  fortunate  than 
moat  places  in  having  bad  careful fbrawingi 
prwervc^l  of  all  the  Gates  liefore  they 
were  desf  royed,  and  these  Laue  now  been 
engraved  and  illustrated  by  all  tlio  his- 
torical partieuhtrs  that  are  extant,  or 
that  were  necessary.  These  afford  a  very 
good  type  of  ilie  state  to  whli-h,  in  most 
cases  these  (fstes  had  been  re } need  by 
neglect  and  by  changes  of  fashion.  We  can- 
not say  that  we  nee  much  to  regret  in  their 
lo«4  J  they  bud  become  mere  ugly  obstruc- 
tions, 4ipi;iUy  titielesa  and  inconvenient: 
find  tile  aame  was  the  case  f  «ry  generalljr 


552 


Mucellaneout  Review*. 


[Not. 


throngbont  England.  It  is  yery  proper 
and  patriotic  of  the  Norwich  Archseological 
Society  to  perpetuate  the  record  of  them, 
and  it  is  greatly  to  the  credit  of  the 
citizens  "sixty  years  since"  that  they 
preserved  all  those  Gates  which  were  really 
worth  preserving,  sach  as  the  celebrated 
Erpingham  Gate,  a  really  beautiful  work 
of  art,  which  is  more  than  we  can  Bay  of 
any  of  those  here  represented.  The  plates 
represent  the  outside  and  inside  of  each 
of  the  eleven  Gates.  One  of  these,  called 
Ber-street  Gate,  was  an  outwork  of  the 
castle,  and  the  square  tower  by  the  side 
of  it  seems  to  have  been  of  the  thir- 
teenth century.  St.  Stephen's,  or  Nede- 
ham  Gate,  was  a  fair  example  of  an 
Edwardian  gatehouse  with  its  two  round 
towers,  and  if  we  had,  not  some  scores  of 
similar  gatehouses  remaining  we  might 
lament  its  loss,  but  it  had  been  con- 
sidiTabiy  modernized  before  it  was  de- 
stroyed;  the  others  had  all  been  either 
rebuilt  in  the  fifteenth  century,  or  so 
much  spoiled  by  modern  alterations  that 
they  were  not  worth  preserving. 

But  it  is  time  to  let  Mr.  Fitch  speak  for 
himself,  and  the  following  extracts  from  his 
Introduction  to  this  handsome  and  inter- 
esting volume  will  suffice  to  shew  the 
very  careful  manner  in  which  he  has  done 
hb  work,  and  at  the  same  time  the  modest 
and  unobtrusive  style  in  which  he  ex- 
presses himself;  in  the  spirit  of  a  true 
antiquary,  he  disdains  all  bombast  and 
display  : — 

"  Tlie  Castle  of  Norwich,  by  its  com- 
manding situation  and  great  strength, 
was  competent  to  overawe  the  citizens 
when  inclmed  to  be  rebellious,  and  to 
keep  the  city  itself  from  attack.  But, 
although  this  early  fortress  lung  con- 
tinued sufficient  to  control  both  internal 
manifestations  of  discontent  and  to  repel 
outward  enemies,  yet  the  many  political 
changes  of  the  times,  the  increase  of 
cities,  and  the  steady  advance  of  improve- 
ments ill  the  science  of  defence,  rendered 
it  necessary  that  communities  of  import- 
ance should  be  more  efftctually  protected, 
than  by  a  jingle  i)lace  of  strength  en- 
closed principally  within  gigantic  earth- 
works. 

"  Hence  arose  those  many  mural  forti- 
fications of  imptjrtaut  places,  of  which 
England  poasessies  such  perfect  examples 

II 


in  York  and  Chester,  and  in  the  remark- 
able and  extensive  remains  connected  with 
our  own  city ;  of  which  latter,  as  fiur  as 
the  Gate-houses  are  conoemed,  thw  vo- 
lume is  devoted  to  a  slight  exemplification. 

"  The  history  of  the  walls  of  Norwich 
is  a  history  of  the  Gate-honaes;  and  in 
speaking  of  the  origin  of  the  first  we  in- 
clude that  of  the  second. 

"  In  1294,  being  the  23rd  of  Edw.  I., 
the  first  murage- tax  was  g^nted,  and 
continued  three  years.  A  second  tax  bdo- 
ceeded  this;  and  1304  a  third  tax  was 
imposed,  to  continue  in  operation  for  five 
years.  In  the  Ilth  of  Edw.  II.,  a  fourth 
tax  of  the  like  nature  was  allowed ;  and 
two  years  afterwards,  namely,  in  1319» 
the  walls  of  Norwich  were  considered 
completed,  although  it  would  appear  only 
generally  so.  When  the  thickness  and 
extent  of  the  fortifications  of  this  city  are 
considered,  it  cannot  be  thought  sorpris- 
ing  that  a  period  of  twenty-five  years 
elapsed  before  these  mural  defences  were 
finished  so  far  as  to  render  no  additional 
tax  necessary.  It  must  not,  however^  be 
considered  that  no  other  pecuniary  assist- 
ance was  required  towards  the  work.  The 
citizens  themselves  manifested  the  g^reatest 
interest  on  the  subject,  and  the  ancient 
books  of  account  contain  not  only  entries 
of  money  officially  expended  on  the  walls 
and  gates,  but  also  register  the  private 
contributions  of  persons  towards  the  same 
object,  and  for  necessary  reparation. 

"  It  has  been  previously  observed  that, 
in  1319,  the  walls  of  the  city  were  said  to 
have  been  'completed;'  but  something 
more  was  required  to  render  them  ade- 
quate to  the  purposes  for  which  they  were 
designed.  Neither  towers  nor  gates  could 
be  of  use,  unless  properly  fiimished  with 
munitions  of  war  and  the  implements  then 
in  use  for  their  projection.  This  does  not 
appear  to  have  taken  place  until  twenty- 
three  years  after  completion,  namely  m 
1342,  16th  Edw.  III. ;  when  a  patriotic 
citizen,  Kichabd  Spyne,  for  the  honour  of 
the  monarch  and  for  the  safety  of  his 
fellow-citizens,  gave  thirty  espringolds  to 
cast  stones  with,  to  be  kept  at  different 
gateii  and  towers;  one  hundred  gogions, 
or  balls  of  stone,  locked  up  in  a  box ;  a 
box,  with  ropes  and  accoutrements ;  four 
great  arblasters,  or  cross-bows,  and  one 
hundred  gogions  for  each  arblaster ;  two 
pairs  of  grapples  to  bring  the  bows  to  the 
requi^ite  tension  for  discbarge ;  and  also 
other  gogions,  and  some  armour. 

"Richard  Spynk  also  gave  £200  5*. 
to  enlarge  the  ditches;  he  covered  and 
leaded  St.  Martin's  Gate,  making  the 
portcullis,  and  providing  bars  and  chains; 


1831.] 


Gleanings  from  Wettmimter  Abbey. 


553 


the  stone  front  of  St.  An|^astifie*8  Gat« ; 
pave  tlie  port^^uUiK,  and  covered  the  g»tc 
lie  aUo  built  the  g»t«'hoiise,  aAcrwirda 
cjiHcd  Uiahop'H  Gate  from  its  oontignity  to 
the  ptiliM?c  of  the  Bisbop»  of  Xorwtrh,  ufxin 
the  bridjje  at  thi*  part  of  tho  river,  nt 
thflt  period  only  defended  most  probnbly 
by  a  bar  and  chain.  He  built  forty -live 
roils  of  wall  and  four  towers  between 
St.  Au^ntine's  aitd  Fibrigge  Qates,  and 
ehiert>  crt^tod  those  g^^tes.  He  al«o  ex- 
I  '  '  '  Tik3  in  addition  about  the  bars 
'  ;     he    covered    and    fortified 

C,«..^i..i,i  Gate,  the  FJUck  Tower  aiijoin* 
ing  Ber-slreet,  nnd  the  two  towers  be- 
tween Couiifijrd  and  Ber- street  Gates. 
He  covered  Heigbam  Gate  with  letid^  and 
made  the  windriwa  in  all  tho  frutea  and 
towers,  Bpynk  also,  beyond  these  liberal 
benefactiont  towards  the  de  fenced  of  tho 
city,  built  the  roand  tower  on  the  bank  of 
the  river  on  the  ^tft  aide  of  Riug'streetf 
suppl;^ing  it  with  two  great  chains  U>  be 
drawn  from  the  tower  oa  the  wall  oppo* 
site,  with  the  neoefsary  machinery  to 
tighten  them  across. 

"  N(»r  was  this  the  whole  of  this  citizen's 
beoe^ctions,  for  he  offered  the  payment 
of  £100  as  a  last  contribation  towards 
the  continuance  of  the  work,  if  others 
won  Id  robe  the  same  sum.  Meeting, 
however^  with  no  man  of  equal  spirit  with 
hiuibotf*  Spynk  performed  the  work  at 
his  own  expense, — an  act  as  patriotic  as 
it  was  generous  and  great." 

&U^mmg*  from    We*iminsitr   AJblmf, 

r  GlOXOII  GtLBEBT  SOOTT,  R.A.,  F.SJL 

STith  Appendices.  (Oxford  and  London  : 
f.  H.  and  Jus.  Parker.)— Onr  trntderw,  who 
have  doubtless  pemsed  with  interest  the 
admirable  lecture  of  Mr.  Scott«  delivered 
before  the  Iloyal  Institute  of  British 
Architect s«  and  printed  in  oar  pages, 
will  be  ghid  to  learn  that  it  has  just 
been  published  in  a  handsome  volume, 
with  much  iUustraiive  matter  from  other 
sources.  When  we  mention  that  among 
the  contributors  are  to  be  found  the  well- 
kiiot^n  namea  of  Professor  Willis  and  Mr. 
J.  H.  Parker,  Mr.  Surges  and  Mr.  Burtt, 
the  Rev.  Messrs.  Weare  and  Hugo,  and 
si  I  other  membera  of  the  Society  of  Antl- 
aries,  we  anticipate  their  agreement 
QS^  that  never  before  did  the  rener- 
'  able  Abbey  come  into  han^  eo  well  qoaliBed 
to  do  it  justice,  and  if  th^  will  oonsult 
the  work  they  will  eee  that  their  warmest 
expectations  are  ftdly  rcaliTiaU 
Omrr.  M^a.  Vou  CCXL 


A  yaintl  Biot/raj)hieat  Dietiortftrv,  By 
Wti.UA*C  R.  O'BYfiiTB,  Esq.,  FJiG-S, 
Vol.  I.  (O'Byme,  Brothore,)— 'Huj*  is  a 
new  and  enlnfgcd  edition  of  a  most  valu- 
able book  of  reference  for  the  personnel 
of  the  Itoyal  Navy,  The  merits  of  the 
first  edition  were  duly  recognised  by  the 
parties  best  qualified  to  jodge,  viz.  the 
officers  themselves  and  the  Board  of 
Admiralty,  who  presented  the  laborious 
and  talented  compiler  with  very  substau* 
tial  marks  of  their  approbation.  En* 
oouraged  by  this,  he  has  continued  his 
researches,  aiid  he  now  offers  the  result  to 
the  public,  who  will  tind  the  work  even 
more  deserving  of  patronage  than  before, 
as  its  scope  is  greatly  extended,  whilst 
the  same  patns>taking,  minute  accuracy  is 
everywhere  perocptible.  *rhe  work  ii 
handsomely  printed,  and  both  by  ita  ex- 
terior and  interior  aaserts  a  claim  to  a 
place  in  the  library  of  every  gentleman 
which  no  one  who  duly  values  the  gretit 
source  of  his  country's  strength  will  be 
inclined  to  deny. 


The  ChrUtian  Knowledge  SocUfif't  AU 
manacs  are  before  us  m  more  tlian  their 
nsn&l  variety,  as  a  very  neat  Coffager't 
i^ay  Almanac  has  been  added  to  their 
number,  which  seems  to  ns  exceedingly 
well  adapted  for  preacnts  to  young  persona 
of  the  labouring  clan.  The  Society  hita 
also  issued  The  Chmrckman'M  Pocket  Book^ 
with  Diary,  Cash  Account,  &c.,  which  in 
addition  to  the  usual  contents  of  such 
maiiuals  supplies  a  great  amount  of  infor- 
mation on  matters  generally  interesting 
to  Churchmen*  The  beautiful  work  on 
Fl&werinff  PlanUt  from  the  snme  Society, 
which  we  formerly  noticed  with  approha* 
tion*,  has  now  reached  its  seventh  Part, 
and  fully  justtBes  our  anticipations.  We 
cannot  of  course  present  to  our  readers 
any  of  its  strikingly  accurate  coloured 
plates,  but  some  day  when  wo  have  « 
little  space  at  our  disposal  we  purpose 
laying  before  them  an  extrnct  or  two 
from  its  well-written  letter-press,  tlmt 
they  may  Judge  for  themselves  as  to  its 
meriti. 

•  QmfPt.  Mao.,  July,  IMI,  p»  Tfi. 

ax 


654 


[Not, 


APPOINTMENTS,  PBEFERMENTS,  AND  PKOMOnOirS. 


l%e  dateM  are  those  of  the  Gtuette  in  which  the  AppoitUwtetU  or  Retmm  appeared. 


CiTiL,  Navai^  akd  Militakt. 

Sept.  20.  Mr.  John  T.  Neal  approved  of  as 
Consul  at  Kingston,  Janudca,  for  the  United 
States  of  America. 

Sept.  27.  Edward  Herrics,  esq.,  now  Secretary 
to  H.M.*s  Legation  at  Brussels,  to  be  Secretary 
to  H.M.'s  Legation  at  Lisbon. 

Henry  Page  Turner  Barron,  esq.,  now  Secre- 
tary to  U.M.*s  Legation  at  Lisbon,  to  be  Secretary 
to  H.M.'t)  Legation  at  Brussels. 

0€i.  1.  Mr.  John  8.  Prettyman  approved  of  as 
Consul  at  Glasgow  for  the  United  States  of 
America. 

Oct.  4.  The  Earl  of  Clarendon,  K.Q.  and 
Q.C.B.,  to  be  H.M.*s  Ambassador  Extraordinary 
to  the  King  of  Prussia,  on  the  occasion  of  His 
Majesty's  Coronation. 

David  Hector,  esq.,  advocate,  to  be  Sheriff  of 
the  Sbire  or  Sheriffdom  of  Wigton  and  Kirkcud- 
bright, in  the  room  of  Erskine  Douglas  Sandford, 
esq.,  deceased. 

Oct.  11.  Mr.  Johann  Knus  approved  of  as 
Consul  at  Penang  for  H.M.  the  King  of  Prussia. 

Mr.  George  Hogg  approved  of  as  Consul  at 
Trinidad  for  the  United  SUtes  of  America. 

Mr.  Alexander  Stewart  approved  of  as  Consul 
at  Kurrachee  for  the  Free  Hanseatic  city  of 
Bremen. 

Oct.  15.  The  Rev.  Arthur  Thompson  Bonner, 
M.A.,  of  Lincoln  College,  Oxford,  to  be  one  of 
H.M.'s  Assistant  Inspectors  of  Schools. 

Oct.  18.  The  dignities  of  Baroness,  Viscountess, 
and  Countess  of  the  United  Kingdom  of  Great 
Biitain  and  Ireland  granted  to  Anne,  Duchess  of 
Sutherland,  wife  of  George  Granville  William, 
Duke  of  Sutherland,  by  the  names,  styles,  and 


tiUes  of  Baroness  Macleod,  of  Castle  Leod,  in 
the  county  of  Cromartie,  Banmesa  Castlehaveii, 
of  CasUehaven,  in  the  same  county,  YisooonteM 
Tarbat,  of  Tarbat,  in  the  same  ooimty,  and 
Countess  of  Cromartie;  with  grant,  after  ber 
decease,  of  the  titles  of  Baron  Madeod,  Baron 
Castlehaven,  Viscount  Tarbat,  and  Earl  of  Cro- 
martie, to  Francis  Sutherland  Levenon  Gower 
(coounonly  called  Lord  Francis  Satherland  liera- 
son  Gower),  the  second  surviving  son  of  the  said 
Anne,  Duchess  of  Sutherland,  and  the  heirs  male 
of  his  body  lawfully  begotten,  with  reoaainders 
over. 

M.  Charles  Burrard  R^boul,  Chef  d'Escadron 
an  6idme  Regiment  de  Honssards,  who  was  at- 
tached as  French  Commissioner  to  the  head- 
quarters of  the  British  Forces  in  China,  to  be  aa 
Honorary  Member  of  the  Military  Division  of 
the  Third  Class,  or  Companions,  of  the  Most 
Hon.  Order  of  the  Bath. 

Mr.  Walter  Berry  approved  of  as  Consnl-Gcn. 
in  Scotland  for  H.M.  the  King  of  Denmark. 

Mr.  George  KShler  approved  of  as  Consul  at 
Sydney  for  the  Free  Hanseatic  City  of  Hamburg. 

Mr.  Adolph  Solmitz  approved  of  as  Consul  at 
Sydney  for  the  Free  Hanseatic  (^ty  of  Lnbeck. 

Mr.  Ole  Munch  RoBder  approved  of  as  Consul 
at  Malta  for  H.M.  the  King  of  Sweden  and 
Norway. 

Mr.  Olof  Fred.  Gollcher  approved  of  as  Consul 
at  Malta  for  H.M.  the  King  of  the  Netherlands. 

Oct.  25.  Mr.  John  Toung  approved  of  as  Con- 
sul at  Belfast  for  the  United  States  of  America. 

Thomas  Blanch  Stephen,  esq.,  to  be  Deputy 
Collector  and  Landing  Surveyor  for  the  Island  of 
Ceylon. 


BIRTHS. 


•  July  29.  At  Bunnoo,  Punjab,  the  wife  of 
Lieut.-Col.  G.  W.  G.  Green,  CB.,  Commandant 
lud  Punjab  Infantry,  a  dau. 

A  ug.  1.  At  Murree,  in  the  Punjab,  the  wife  of 
Licut.-Col.  Shipley,  Royal  Fusiliers,  a  son. 

Aug.  a.  At  AbbotUbad,  in  the  Punjab,  the 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Robert  Clark,  a  son. 

Aug.  4.  At  Simla,  the  wife  of  .Capt.  Charles 
Cooper  Johnson,  a  son. 

Aug.^.  At  Mount  Ahoo,  Rajpootana,  the  wife 
of  T.  M.  Lownds,  M.D.,  a  son. 

Aug.  15.  At  Simla,  the  wife  of  Lieut.-CoL 
Bourchier,  C.B.,  H.M.B.H.A.,  a  dau. 

At  Poona,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Robert  Alexander 
Taylor,  H.M.'s  Ist  Regiment  Bombay  Fusiliers, 
a  dau. 


Aug.  20.  At  Rawul  Pindee,  in  the  Punjab^ 
the  wife  of  Capt.  W.  W.  Knollys,  93rd  High- 
landers, a  dau. 

Aug.  21.  At  Phdne  Wilhems,  Mauritius,  the 
wife  of  Capt.  Champagne  L'Estrange,  of  the 
Royal  Artillery,  a  ion. 

Aug.  25.  At  Malabar-hill,  Bombay,  the  wife 
of  T.  P.  Biokersteth,  esq.,  Solioitor  to  Govern- 
ment, a  dan. 

Sept.  8.  At  Simla,  the  wife  of  Major  Connell, 
R.A.,  a  son. 

Sept.  13.  At  Bartfn  Mills,  Suffhlk,  the  Hon. 
Mrs.  Abraham,  a  dan. 

Sept.  15.  At  Bronwylfa,  Exmouth,  (the  resi- 
dence of  Vioe-Adm.  Sir  Fairfkz  Moresby,)  the 
wife  of  M.  Fortescue  Moresby,  esq.,  R.N.,  a  son. 


1861.] 


Births, 


658 


/irpK  Id.  At  ChotKAm.  thjp  wiHf  orUeut.-Col. 
McKiUop.  KM,  Liirht  Infiuitr;,  ■  boo, 

St^pt.  10.  At  TytbeicMni  Govirt»  GlunorguiAlUi 
thf  wife  of  Arthur  Owen  Lordf  e»q.,  a  daa. 

e^t^  30,  At  Cbeiiled,  Chlddtiifatofie,  Keot, 
the  vdf^  of  R.  J.  Btrpntf«iild,  esq.,  a  Ktn. 

At  Lce-pftrk,  Lep,  K«nt,  the  wife  of  tti«  Her. 
jAmro  a.  Wocm!^  n  son. 

Al  Ibt  Fritm,  Bydc,  It le  of  Wlg^t,  the  wifr  of 
tTic  Bc>v.  K.  Noble  JBck*on,  M.Am  H.M.&. ''  War- 
rior/* a  djin- 

At  Pljrmonth,  tha  wtfe  of  Capt,  PiiMtly»  of  the 
82nd  L.I.  Regt.,  &  dau. 

5ffp<,  31.  In  Orovveoor-fft,  the  Lad^  Fredk. 
FitcKoj,  prematurely,  a  dan. 

At  Cambridft,  the  wife  of  Profenor  Stokcsi 
adau. 

S^pt.  23.  At  Portledge,  near  Dldeford,  Lodj 
Marr  CrooM,  a  daa. 

At  Ardrorlich,  Pcrthahire,  lint,  llobert  Drum' 
mond,  a  soti. 

At  DoTcnbj^all,  CoxDherland,  the  wife  of 
PreeherfUe  L.  Ballantine  Dy  kpft,  es^i  a  dao. 

At  Aaehembow1»-hoQtte,  Stirliogibirer  lira. 
Duller  KIphinptoncT  a  dau. 

Id  Melbury-terr.,  Har«iroodHiq.|  the  wile  of 
the  Rev.  Robert  Rutland,  a  aob. 

At  Anhdon  Rectory,  £aaex,  the  wifte  of  the 
Re*.  J.  T.  Wjilkcr,  m  duM, 

At  the  R^jyal  Milltat7  Rcpodtaiy,  Woolwich, 
Mm.  P.  Beckfurd  Ward,  a  dan. 

At  Ettirhf,  the  wife  of  the  Eer.  €!haa.  Erana, 
ft  ilaii, 

Sept.  SS«  At  Stratballim  Castle,  X.B.,  ih# 
Bnn.  Mfft,  Cfrrenhill,  ■  dnii, 

At  Corfu,  the  wife  of  Major  T.  de  Conrty 
BumQlnn,  V,C.,  a  Km. 

At  Soulh*ea,  the  wife  of  the  He?*  T.  H.  Cole, 
a  dau. 

In  Hyde-park-«i|iure,  tike  wife  of  A.  P.  Cole- 
,  Mq.,  ■  da«. 

At  Niu»i«  I«le  of  Wtirht,  th«  wife  of  the  Rct. 
lid  Kempe,  a  Mm. 

At  Holyhead,  the  wife  «r  OgmMMidtr  D.  P. 
Priest,  R.X..  a  «o». 

At  Broad  Somerrord  Reetory,  Wilta,  the  wife 

r  the  RflT.  Wm.  Andrewa,  a  kio. 

SipL  H,  At  P^iohurirh,  Lady  Harriet  Vemoa 
f  entworth,  a  dau. 

Looy,  th«  wife  of  Kdward  Ptiaeock,  tm^,,  F3.A., 
~  of  Botceaford  Manor,  noar  Brigg,  LliiooliiaiUt«, 
aeoo. 

At  CStanhottddtt,  Mra.  Doaglaa  Dickinmn,  ■ 
dan. 

At  FredOTlotDti,  New  Bnin«wiek,  the  wife  of 
MaJi^t  McKay  Rynd,  Q2iid  Kc^t-t  a  non. 

At  CbrittV  Hoepltal,  London,  the  wife  of  the 
.  Jainita  Thoni»an,  a  dau. 
t  Cadetoa  io  Moorland,  the  wile  of  the  Rer. 

«h«rd  Baldock.  a  tUu. 

*t,  U,     At   the   Cloeew  Korwkb,  Ura.  R. 
ialthy  Buteh^T,  a  kkq. 

Mer«tmi-hoa9«.  Seaforth,  iMar  Liverpool, 

I  wife  of  tho  Rer.  W-  Y,  SalohelL  a  don. 

.a».  At  •  -»  '    "  "     '     T^ptottihife, 

t  wllb  ofh'.'  dau. 

tmmmv  .idetico  of 


her  brother,)  the  wife  of  the  Rot.  Cha«.  I^awrencev 
of  ToUe#bunt  Rnfghta  Rectory,  Empx,  a  dan. 

At  Canterbury,  the  wife  of  Major  Bowlhy,  Mth 
Befirt.,  a  aon. 

At  DoTer-hall^  near  AruudeU  the  wille  of  Major 
F.  M.  Baker,  10th  Regt.  II .M. 'a  IndiiiD  Foreeaf 
Bengal  K»tab1ishmoiit,  n  «on. 

8fpt,  27.  In  Kenfington'garden'terr.f  Hyde- 
park,  the  wife  of  Lieut, -Oen.  Cannofi,  a  dau. 

At  Dublin,  the  wtfe  of  lieut—Col.  Seudamore, 
C.B.,  Uth  iKln^'A)  no»«arKaion. 

In  ITenfordHil.,  Mayfalr,  the  wife  of  Lieut.* 
Col.  Cooper,  a  dna. 

At  Walmer,  the  wife  of  the  Rer.  O.  Oainsford, 
YUtr  of  Boftheme,  Cheshire,  a  dau. 

Sfpt  29.  At  £lgin-€re«cent,  NottinR-hill.  Die 
wif^  of  Janiea  Douglaa  KoUioioni  eaq.,  Madr^a 
Civil  ^Tvioe,  a  dati> 

At  the  retldenott  of  her  lather,  Wrajfby 
Viearage,  Lineoloehfre,  the  wife  of  Capr.  H.  M* 
Hay  Forbce,  Inspector  of  Schoola  in  the  Punjab, 
a  dna. 

At  Bock-houae,  Sheemeai,  the  wife  of  Cjpt, 
Luard,  R.N„  a  dau. 

At  Brockham  Paraonagc,  the  wife  of  the  Rev* 
Alan  B.  Cbeotea,  a  Km. 

At  Woodford  Beelory,  Thrapiton,  Northarap- 
tonahtre,  the  wife  of  the  Bev.  C.  Smyih,  a  dau. 

At  Chadllnf ton,  Oxon,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  T. 
Utwelyn  Griffith,  a  dan. 

Stjtt,  ao.  At  Dublin,  the  Hop.  Mra.  JoahuA 
MacEvoy,  a  duo. 

In  Vtneent-«q.|  London,  the  mift  of  the  Rev* 
Jamea  Leonard  Fi»h,  M. A.,  a  aon. 

At  Edinburgh,  the  wife  of  Wm-  Monteath 
Seott,  esq.,  of  Anerum,  a  dau. 

At  PeniTTt'ep,  Cornwall,  the  wife  of  John 
Michael  Wilktatna,  e#q.,  a  «on. 

At  the  Hoyal  Military  CoUege,  Sandhurst,  lh« 
wife  of  rapt.  Taylor,  a  dau. 

At  Edinburgh,  Mr«.  George  Baird,  of  Stricben, 
a  »on. 

At  Ore,  near  Haatinfr*,  the  wife  of  the  Rer. 
Herbert  F.  Vyryan,  a  »on. 

Oet,  1.  At  the  Vioarair«,  Great  Map)e«itead, 
Eb*cx,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  E.  H.  Corrie,  «  #oo. 

At  Frunkfan-on-lhe-Maln.  the  wife  of  Fredrrio 
IlamlUon,  e*q.,  Her  Britannio  Majc-ty'*  C«  arird 
d^AinUres  to  the  Genuaolc  Coufederution.  a  *an. 

At  PortJkmouth,  the  wife  of  Capt.  C.  MiUigan, 
A.D.C.,  a  dau. 

At  CheUcnhani,  the  wife  of  Ihe  Rev,  H.  K. 
Bayly,  a  dau. 

At  WUsbrook-lodfre,  Rag laod^  MoUDOUthohlre, 
the  wife  of  W.  J.  Collingdimt  eaq..  a  aon. 

Oct  t.  In  Park-«t.,  Oroawnof-^q.,  the  Hon, 
Mra^  Hervey  St.  John  Mild  may,  a  dAtt. 

At  Piahiobwry,  Ilwta,  the  wife  of  B.  B.  Colvin, 
eaq.,  a  dau. 

At  DougloA,  lale  of  Man,  the  wife  of  M»j^T 
WUtOft,  R«tt»d  LUt,  B.M.*»  ludioB  Force*, 
adaQ. 

Oet,  S.  At  BHghtoci,  the  wife  of  Mi^or-Oen. 
Oark.  K.H..  a  dau. 

At  T  -'      T»lfe  Of  Lieut.-Col.  Ro««,  2nd 

Qurt  ilnu. 

At  I  K  of  her  Uilier,  (the  Kef.  B. 


•^  --    -'  1^ 


556 


Births. 


[Nov. 


Brans,  The  Vicaniire,  Llanstepban,  Carmarthfii- 
shire,;  the  wife  of  Samuel  Church  Phillips,  esq., 
a  son. 

At  Royal-crescent,  Notting-hlll,  the  wife  of 
Capt.  G.  A.  Bedford,  B.N.,  a  dau. 

Oct.  4.  At  Shinflcld-grore,  Berks,  the  wife  of 
the  Rer.  George  Hulme,  a  dao. 

At  Ilfracombe,  the  wife  of  the  Ber.  Robert 
Kutt,  a  son. 

Oct.  5.  At  PalarjEO  Serlupi,  Rome,  Cecilia 
Hurchesa  Serlupi,  dan.  of  the  late  Sir  James 
Fitzgerald,  hart.,  a  son  and  heir. 

At  Gill:ngham,  Kent,  the  wife  of  Mijor  LoTdl, 
C.B.,  Royal  Engineers,  a  son. 

At  Caniden-cottage,  Sidmouth,  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  Sheffield  Cox,  Rector  of  Sibson,  Leicester- 
shire, a  dan. 

At  Pembroke-dock,  South  Wales,  the  wife  of 
Edwin  A.  Bemays,  esq.,  of  H.M.'8  Dockyard, 
Pembroke,  a  son. 

At  Bradwell  Vicarage,  Oxfordshire,  the  wife 
of  the  Rev.  Fred.  Thomas  Woodman,  a  dau. 

In  Clereland-gardens,  Hyde-park,  the  wife  of  ' 
Capt.  Allan  N.  Scott,  Madras  Artillery,  a  dau. 

At  the  Brooms,  Stone,  Staffordshire,  (the  resi- 
dence of  Mrs.  Harvey,  her  mother,)  the  wife  of 
the  Rev.  H.  W.  Southey,  of  Beddington,  a  son. 

At  Gmndisburgh,  near  Woodbridge,  the  wife 
of  Capt.  Pilkington  Blake,  a  dau. 

Oct.  6.  At  Edinburgh,  Lady  Mackenzie,  of 
Gairloch,  a  son. 

At  Tottenham,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  D.  J.  Har- 
rison, a  son. 

Oct.  7.  At  Eastdon,  Starcross,  Exeter,  the 
Hon.  Mrs.  Byron  Cary,  a  dau. 

At  Catherington-house,  Millbrook,  Southamp- 
ton, the  wife  of  Capt.  O'Shea,  Adjutant  2nd  Hants 
Rifles,  a  son. 

Oct.  8.  At  Holywell-lodge,  Oxford,  the  wife 
of  the  Rev.  Robert  Gandell,  a  son. 

At  Cowes,  the  wife  of  W.  C.  Hofflmeister, 
If  .D.,  Surgeon  to  tbe  Queen,  a  dau. 

At  Standish  Rectory,  near  Wigan,  Mrs.  Bran- 
dreth,  a  dau. 

In  Chester-plaee,  Regent's-park,  the  wife  of 
the  Rev.  Henry  W.  Burrows,  a  dau. 

At  the  Rectory,  Manton,  Lincolnshire,  the 
wife  of  the  Rev.  John  B.  Dalison,  a  dau. 

Oct.  9.  In  Eceleston-sq.,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Fred. 
Hobart,  a  dau. 

At  Guist,  Norfolk,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  George 
Norris,  a  dau. 

At  Satton-house,  in  Holdemess,  the  wife  of 
G.  W.  .M.  Liddell,  esq.,  a  son  and  heir. 

At  New-bank,  Crompton,  near  Oldham,  the 
wife  of  the  Rev.  John  CtHsker,  a  dau. 

Oct.  10.  In  Hcrtford-8t.,  Mayfair,  the  Hon. 
Mm.  Francis  Stonor,  a  dau. 

At  Titlcy,  Herefordshire,  the  wife  of  the  Rev. 
William  SerjeantMn,  a  son. 

At  Csrlton-hill  Fast,  St.  John's-wood,  the  wife 
of  FlphinKtonc  Cbardin  Campbell,  esq.,  of  the 
MndraH  Civil  Service,  a  dau. 

At  tho  Elmx,  High  Ongar,  Ewex,  the  wife  of 
Henry  Uibtton,  esq.,  a  dao. 

Oct.  II.  At  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  the  Lady 
Decies,  a  dau. 


At  Kirby-under-Dale  Rectory,  Yorkshire,  the 
Hon.  Mrs.  T.  J.  Monson,  a  dau. 

At  Little  Gaddesden,  Herts,  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  A.  O.  Woolward,  a  son. 

At  Monk*s  Horton,  near  Hythe,  the  wife  of 
John  Kirkpatrick,  enq.,  a  son  and  heir. 

At  Stoke,  Devonport,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Pil- 
kington Jackson,  R.A.,  a  son. 

Get.  13.  At  Ottershaw-park,  Chertsey,  Lady 
Colebrooke.  a  son. 

At  Galleyden,  OaUeywood-eomman,  Chelms- 
ford, Essex,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Joseph  Sfunoer, 
a  son. 

At  Woodford,  the  wife  of  Wm.  Oliver  Dodgaoo, 
esq.,  a  son. 

At  Bonby,  Lincolnshire,  the  wife  of  the  Rer. 
Philip  Kitchingman,  a  dau. 

Oct.  13.  At  Aldcmhott,  the  wife  of  Capt. 
Augustus  W.  Ord,  26th  Regt.,  a  dau. 

At  Chichcley-hall,  Bucks,  the  wife  of  Charles 
Chester,  esq.,  a  dan. 

In  Camden-st.,  N.W.,  the  wife  of  the  Rev. 
Septimus  Buss,  a  son. 

In  AmpthiU-sq.,  RegentVpark,  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  E.  Valentine  Williams,  a  son. 

At  the  Vicarage,  Shipton-under-Wyehwood, 
the  wife  of  the  Rev.  W.  £.  D.  Carter,  a  dan. 

Oct.  14.  At  Twickenham,  the  wife  of  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Parish,  a  dau. 

At  Ascreavie,  Kirriemuir,  N.B.,  the  wife  of 
Major  W.  B.  Young,  late  R.A..  a  dan. 

At  St.  John*s.house,  Ryde,  Isle  of  Wight,  the 
wife  of  Edward  Westby  Nunn,  esq.,  of  Hitl 
Castle  and  St  Margaret's,  co.  Wexford,  a  son. 

Oct.  15.  At  Dublin,  the  Lady  Victoria  Mary 
Kir  wan,  a  dan. 

At  Glencaime  Abbey,  co.  Waterford,  the  wife 
of  Col.  Bushe,  a  dan. 

At  Offton  Vicarage,  Suffolk,  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  John  E.  Thompson,  a  dau. 

At  Shelton-lodge,  Stoke-upon-Trent,  the  wife 
of  Matthew  Folliott  Blakiston,  esq.,  a  dan. 

At  Fulham,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Arthur  S. 
Latter,  a  dau. 

At  Mill-hoQse,  Chichester,  the  wife  of  T.  R. 
Horris,  esq.,  5Srd  Regt.,  a  son. 

At  the  Vicarage,  Clifton-on-Teme,  Worcester-- 
■hire,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Slade  Baker,  a  son. 

At  Clifton,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Tandy, 
a  son. 

Oct.  16.  At  Woolwich,  the  wife  of  Col.  Barrows, 
R.A.,  a  dan. 

In  Blandford-eq.,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  J. 
Llewelyn  Davies,  a  dau. 

At  Kilmanahan,  co.  Waterford,  the  wife  of 
T.  W.  Watson,  esq.,  a  dau. 

In  Grove-end-road,  N.W.,  the  wife  of  Capt. 
R.  A.  Oliver,  R.N.,  a  son. 

At  the  Rectory,  Leoonfleld,  East  Yorkshire, 
the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Robert  Whitaker,  a  son. 

At  Bumham-manor,  Lincolnshire,  the  wife  of 
Robert  John  Taylor,  esq.,  Major  Royal  North 
Lincoln  Militia,  a  dan. 

Oct.  17.  At  Portsmouth  Dockyard,  the  Hon. 
Mrs.  George  Grey,  a  dau. 

At  Edinburgh,  the  wife  of  Mi^or  Charles  Inge, 
a  dau. 


186  L] 


3irihs» — Marriages, 


557 


At  U»  Vlcaraipp,  Bradfitrd-on-Aron,  the  wife 
of  the  Rer.  W.  ll.  Jono^  a  duu. 

At  York-hou«e,  Peuxance,  the  wife  of  Frederick 
BmJithf  esq.,  a  Aaxk, 

At  Woolwicb,  th«  wife  of  the  Her.  F,  W. 
WAldron,  a  dan. 

Al  Great  Yeldham  Rectory*  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  John  Marten  Cripps,  a  locu 

<^/.  18«  At  AshQrvt-lodgVt  £wrt  Qiinstead,  the 
wife  of  Philip  namond,  e«q.,  e  dta. 

Al  Knott's-frrepn,  I>cyton»  Ehk>x,  the  wife  of 
Jo»v>ph  Gurnef  Barclay,  e»q,«  u  d»u. 

Oet.  10«    In  Dublin,  the  Ludjr  LurgaOp  a  datL 

At  W&mhAmHsourt,  Hor&Uaixif  the  wife  of  Sir 
J,  Henry  PcUyt  bart.,  &  eon. 

At  UiKhbnry-piirk  North,  the  wife  of  William 
Fo«itcr»  eiiq.,  Ute  C^pt.  in  the  lUh  IIu««ar^ 
twindiiQt. 

At  Bolcj-hBlf  Booheeter,  the  wife  of  Edward 
Hayward,  esq.,  *  ^sm. 

At  Barthomlej,  Che»bire,  the  wife  of  the  Ber. 
GeorgiB  Arkwright,  a  kjh* 


At  Byflcet,  Surrey*  the  wife  of  T.tcutXol. 
W.  H.  LarkijJBt  late  of  n.M.*»  Beii|;al  Aniif» 
R»on. 

At  the  Manor-bouw,  Turf^e  Cfttmdle,  Dornrt, 
the  wife  of  dipt.  Atnyatt  Brows,  Ut^  5th  Liuicers 
Adaa, 

(ht.  30.    The  lAdj  Nii^t  Kennedy,  e  dan. 

At  BrightoQ,  the  wife  of  Capt  Kincaid  Sinithi 
adau. 

At  Etcihinghain  Rectory,  Sniaex,  the  wife  of 
the  Rev.  R,  O.  Barton,  n  son. 

At  tlie  Vioaniire,  Maldon,  the  wife  of  the  Eer, 
Edward  RuaacU  llorwood,  a  son» 

At  the  Glen,  Pceble»,  the  wife  of  Cbas.  Tenaiiat, 
e«q.»  a  von. 

In  Warwick^.,  the  wife  of  Geo.  £,  Blenkinv 
c»q,,  Surfcon*Ma)or  Grenadier  Gaarda.  a  son. 

At  tbi'  llyde^  near  Bridport,  Doreet,  the  wife 
ofCapt.J.aStUl,  a»on. 

At  Cimibrldfe,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  W.  Eafd- 
Ing  GirdlcttoafO,  a  dan. 


MARRIAGES. 


Jumll.  The  Iter.  Chariet  Stnart  Perry*  of 
Belfoft,  Portland,  Victoria,  to  Esther,  eldest  dan. 
of  OapL  Joaepb  Walker,  Bombay  Artillery,  late 
of  Hainpetead,  Mfddleeex. 

Aug,  1.  At  Allyghnr,  Henry  M.  D.  Don^ki, 
«iq.,  Uent.  H.M/«  42nd  Regt.  B.N.L,  youoii^eft 
■DOofCaptr  John  DouglM,  K.N.,  Walmer,  Kent, 
to  Mary,  dati.  of  John  S.  Dumergue,  esq.,  Judge 
of  Allyghnr,  Benf^aL 

Au§,  13.  At  Dorjcelinir,  Bengal,  the  Hon. 
Aj»htey  Eden,  to  Eni  Maria  Belle w. 

At  BugbMio,  io  tbe  Punjab,  Charlea  Dawson 
Barwell,  omj.,  H.M.'i  DOtb  Reft.  Light  Infantry, 
to  RiiKa  J«anle,  elder  dau.  of  the  late  Colouel 
HufTb  Rofts,  ILE.I.C.S. 

Au^,  31.  At  Freetown,  8iem  Leooe,  Capt. 
Henry  AuguAtut  WilUamf,  of  the  2nd  Weet  India 
Ecgt.,  to  Annie  Hamet,  second  dau^  of  the  Rer. 
&.  W.  Hiirti«horn,  M.A.,  Carri«oii  Cha^aln. 

S^t,  a.  AC  I^nnoxTille.  Canada  East,  John 
Adama  Wulab,  esq.,  eldeat  «ti«L  of  the  late  Jana< 
than  W.  WaUh,  c«q,,  of  Watih-park,  oo.  Tlppe- 
rary.  to  Ada  Campbell,  youngest  dau.  of  Jamea 
Hackctt,  e«q.,  late  of  the  Civil  Service,  Demerara, 
md  of  Lennoxville. 

6|pL  12.  At  St.  Peter'a,  Dublin,  John  Ue^iry 
CSole,  eUleat  eon  of  the  late  Ow«m  Wynne.  «?mi»,  of 
Ardagbowen,  HUgo,  to  Harriette  Georgina,  eldest 
dau.  of  E<lmond  L'E«tiuaget  esq.,  and  the  Lady 
Harriette  L'E«trange* 

At  Barbadoe,  Riebard  Wen.  Cbarlea  Winiloe, 
feaq.,  Capt.  tn  H.U.'a  Slat  Royal  N.B.  FusiUera, 
to  Constance  Edwarda,  aecood  dau.  of  F.  Bl. 
Croiir^rtie,  e«i.,  Bepnty-Saperintendent  of  Mili- 
tary stortat* 

Stpt.  17.  At  Shnrdlngton,  near  Cbt'lti*nhani, 
C»1»t.  Wn.  EUiol  Mamball,  of  n.M.*«  Brtiir>»l 
Stair  Corpa,  to  C^aroUne  Sylvia,  yminin^t  duu.  of 
the  hite  CuL  Edmund  Hardy,  of  U.K.1X\  Bambay 
Artdlery. 


At  Walton-on-Tbamet,  Henry  Ring  Crocker, 
eaq.,  late  of  Aden,  Bombay  PreftldeDoy,  to  8anih 
Maria  Test,  jroungcat  dau.  of  Thomas  May,  esq., 
Aahford,  Kent. 

Sept,  18.  At  Ladbrooke,  Edward,  mod  of  E. 
Terry,  esq.,  Walton,  Aylesbury,  to  Annie,  cldveit 
dau.  of  T.  Butaell,  e«q.,  Hodnell  Manors  War- 
wickfihbe. 

At  Inatow,  North  Dcron,  Franeis  Wharton  Le 
Morehand^  esq.,  of  Kandy,  Ceytoti,  to  Clara  Maria, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  lute  Rev.  Rowland  Tbomnfi 
Bradstock,  Rector  of  Tbelbridife,  l>eTOD. 

S*pt.  19.  At  HamlltoD,  Canada  We^t,  John 
George  Daly,  eaq.,  aon  of  Btr  DomiDick  Dnly, 
Governor  of  Sonth  Amlndia,  to  M«ry  Sluart, 
dan.  of  Sir  Allan  McNab,  tnit.,  of  Dundum. 

At  St  Mary  Abbot%  Kensington.  AuguAtuji 
Wentworth  Gore,  eaq.^  only  son  of  the  late  Cboa. 
Arthur  Gore,  let  Life  Guards,  to  Emily  Anne, 
third  tliiu.  of  the  Hon.  Edw.  and  Mra.  Curaon, 
of  Scai;?idiile-houac^  KensingU^n. 

At  Repton,  Ion  Turner,  esq.,  16th  Laecen, 
only  eon  of  Dr.  and  .Mrs.  Turner,  of  Kensington, 
to  Loui/Mi  Uarpur,  only  dau.  of  Edmund  CrtMe, 
<»q.,  of  Repton -pk.,  Derbyshire,  and  nitce  of  tho 
late  Hir  George  Crewe,  barU,  of  Caulkc  Abbey, 
Staffordshire. 

At  8t,  Gabrieri,  Pimlioo,  the  llev.  Eiebard 
Croker,  M«A.,  to  Caroline,  dau.  of  the  late  Thoa. 
de  Grenier  de  Fonbtanque,  K.H.,  H.B.M.  Con- 
aul-Genera]  for  Servia,  and  gnuddsu.  of  the  lato 
Sir  Jonah  Baningtoa. 

At  St.  Margaret**,  Leleeeter,  Fred.  Dmge,  eaq,, 
(9tb  Begt^  too  of  the  Rev.  CUaii.  Driige,  lic-ctor 
of  Westerfleld,  nearlpawleb,  toEmUy  Oeorgiana, 
only  dan.  of  the  late  George  Raw^ou,  eeq.,  of 
B«itwood*pk.,  Notiingbanaaiiirc. 

At  Egremont,  Cumberland,  Fraaelt  Wnlktns, 
eaq^  of  Tottcnliam.  y«»imK^*^t  son  of  the  late 
Major  WattauB^  Bcogul  AniUcrj ,  Io  Eliaibetbt 


.'!-.  —  r:if 


T     ■         .    *•    '.      H 


\      ■       •  >      - 


«■«».    • .       :■. 


it— •■  ■«• 


X!  It. 


*»       .  ..'— 


J  •>  .  ^.  i-r 


1861.] 


Marriages. 


660 


iirn^y 


do))^  to  Caroline  Anne,  yoiinffpft  dia.  or  Bobcrt 
HnynvA,  I'sq.,  of  Thffnbleby-lodge»  Yortublre. 

At  \U  S«ul*%  Miirylebono,  Robert  OodscliftU 
JoUtiiioti,  e*q.,  II,U.M.**  CouKul,  Tencrtffts  to 
,  MLoa,  third  dau.  of  Jobn  MarAhnll  Moir,  ««q,* 

At  Trinltf  Church,  Marylebont^,  Francis  8um- 
irell,  c«q.,  to  Augusta,  dau.  of   Kobcrt    Cote, 

,  At  Kope,  FlintAhife,  Henry  Cceil,  eldiwt  9CK0  af 
rnry  Rtilkes,  esq,,  of  Ltwyneirrin-hall,  Plint- 
\\iti\  to  Ch  irlottc  Bldncho,  ftiurth  dj,u.  of  Charles 
Ihtjuer  Trevor  Ropcr^  cwi.,  of  Plan  Teg-porkt 

Srpi,  28,    At  Bt,  Oeorfo'A,  HaiioTer<«q.,  Gapt, 
JW.  Whitrhttnst  Matdonftld  Mill,  Inte  6th  Rcf  t,» 
I  tHKh  CjitucrotitiiUA,  yoting^flt  wn  of  the  Ute 
;jijur  .Mill,  of  Ripli'jr*  Surrey,  to  Vtun&t%  Mdrjr, 
duu.  of  Frederick  H.   Walford,  esq.,  of 
ufi(ini<«t.«  Ma  J  fair. 

\  8t  JIoUd'a,  Kcwcaplle-upon-Tfne,  Edwiird 
Uunl,  c*q.»  Cupt,  H.M/i  <Wnl  Rr^rt., 
«T  win  of  the  late  WiUlETn  Iloiiry  Hunt, 
ft^q..  of  Jrn>oiiit<hou«ipaDd  KUfeni,  co.  Kilkenny, 
||d  MartA  TheodosiA,  younircsi  dam.  of  the  late 
dUiird  Gndnirar.  t?*iq,,  of  Nrweastle-upoa-T>'a<i. 

•  S^t,  m.  At  Criirhton,  Simiuel  Sk^y,  son  of 
»  WilUAin  Burton,  e^q.,  and  (^.indHon  of 
»  Sir  ChBrkft  Burton,  bart.,  nod  the  Hon, 

f  BurtoQ,  of  Pollerioa,  to,  Corloir,  to  Sutan 
owe,  widow  of  Thomiis  MlUeTi  oq*,  of 
satcr. 
Holy  Trinity,  Tiil^cHllU  Williiun  Neild, 
|.,  of  Hiifh  Lawn,  Bowdon,  nitir  Miiinch ester, 
I  KLiV4t^t>ptl),  cldi^^t  dnu.  uf  the  \\v\,v  Rpt.  Wdliam 
lintlcthwaitc^  laouinbcutof  St.Oc^jrxvV,  Bolton* 
>-Mwir*. 

t  Trinity  Chnrcb,  E>t«thcHinns  Ncwtnn  Prit e, 
q.t  B,A.,  of  Dundulk,  tc»  llnnnah,  fuurth  Unit, 
r  tho  lato  ftev.  J.  P,  WUhoo,  of  Uurttmonocux, 

th-i,  L    At  thr  Crtthedml,  Llmidaif,  the  Ror. 

l'%:Uler  Hiiifh   Eurie  Wvlby,  IhlnJ  wm    ol    Sir 

Ifi'ynnc  Earte  Wclby-Oreifory,  bart.^  or  Defitou- 

aII,  LlnoolO!ihlre,  to  Fnuices,  youniiprat  dnu.  of 

7  Lonl  Riflhop  of  LlJUidafT. 

At  B(.  L«a(iiard'»-o>ii-8ea,  the   Re?,  nr^gory 

Pduiethomc,  Rector  of  St»  Antirt'w*«, 

|ir,  tecoad  mid  of  Jainc«  PcnnrthornOt 

lo  Ofttlioriiie  Ann,  third  duu.   of  the  late 

.  SfuGreiror,  esq.,  fomverly  M,P,  for  Sandwich, 

t  St.  Qeorire's   Hanorer-«>q.,  Georicf,  rlde«t 

of    Lieut.-Cul,     Palmer,    of    NnninK-pnrk, 

to  Kmity  f-ktcii,  clde«(  dau.  of  V^iUioiD 

Vtuultiiirt^  c«q.,  .M.P. 

At  8i.  Mary's   Srurbnroiigb,  Cbartm,  leoond 

I  of  Will,  Dickintum,  ifi«i.,  of  Wc^t  Wickhnni- 

,  Brutnley,  Kent,  to  Frunces  ChartotU*.  dde*t 

;tu.  of  Henry  Biuy,  e*q.,  of  Moorflctd^  ^rittiLnf- 

t(i»n,  MiitiGhnkter. 

•  At  Mobbcrlry,  Chimtiire,  lh«  Eer.  Robert 
.loydt  of  CBrlttiB,  Caiobriiigevhlre,  to  OaxTiet, 

:  dau.  of  the  Rev,  George  Mallory^  B«ctoir 
r  Mobbtrky. 
At  Lyop?,  Norfolk,  John  Carlrn  H««th,  cvq,, 

!f ,  hflrTi»ter-»t-lnw,  ind  Psilnw 

Mtir)(lMT«  to  \lttryJaiie,yotLnfr- 
^    littn.  £viui%  Avolorof  Lyair. 


fiitu 


At  StATStoo,  Alftred  WtUa,  of  the  Tmict  Tcmt»le, 
kTtd  of  Esber,  Rurrey,  barTi*ter-«t-law,  to  BeithA, 
third  daa.  of  Ttiomiu  Lombc  Taylor,  e«q.,  ol 
BUmitoa,  Norfolk. 

At  Ramo&n,  co.  Antrim,  Capt  John  Innot 
Eobtnjoa,  Benj^  CaTalry,  to  Bertha,  widow  of 
Cul.  Swyny,  C.B.,  H.M.'b  63rd  Regt,,  and  dau. 
of  the  late  Rev.  G.  A.  Biedcmuum,  M,A.,  B«ctor 
of  Daunttey,  Wilts, 

Ort.  2,  At  St.  Mary's,  Chelaeu,  Sir  John  Simeon, 
hart.,  of  Swalnvton,  Ule  of  Wig^ht,  to  the  Hon. 
CntHerine  I)or(»thea  Colvillc,  second  dau.  of  tho 
Ute  Gen.  the  Hon.  Sir  Charle*  Colfillc,  G.C.R. 

At  Bdinbnrfrh.  John  Allen  Allen,  c«q.,  of  Errol, 
to  Barbara  Juliana  Aui?ii*ta,  dau.  of  Major  the 
Hon,  AugU9ta»  George  Frederick  Joe*  Ijrn. 

At  Farnbara  Royiil,  Buck*,  the  Rev.  Henry 
Phillpolt-s  to  Jane  Marta«  eldest  daa,  of  Sir 
Ronald  Martin,  SiUt^hUU  oear  Slough. 

At  AAhford  Howdler,  Clement  A.  Thmston, 
esKj..  of  I'ennalt  Tower,  neni  Machyidletb,  second 
son  of  the  Inte  Cn pi.  Thru*ton»  R.N..  toConat-uieo 
^ipbiu  Miirifarel,  younire"'t  dau.  of  the  late 
Ma)or-Gen.  Lechmerc  Coore  Ru^^ell,  C.B.,  of 
Atshford-hLill,  Shrophhire. 

At  nrooiTifleld.  8omcf«t,  Llrut.-CoU  Tipping, 
of  Diivenp.'rt-linll,  Che"*hire,  laleofthe  Grenuilier 
Gnartifs,  to  Fl'«m  Ix^ini*>a,  «iecotid  dau.  of  ihf  Itilo 
ReT.  Nicholson  Calrett,  of  Quentin  Ctt»tlL'»  co. 
Down. 

At  St.  JameiiX  New  Brighton,  Robert  EimIm« 
Maude,  Capt.  list  Regt,,  son  of  the  late  Hon. 
and  Rev.  J.  C.  Mnude,  Rector  of  KTtniskJllen,  ta 
Enilv%  youngest  <lau-  of  Ttioma*  Addlawt,  i»q.| 
of  Gor*elandti,  New  Brighton. 

At  Lod^worth,  Hunsex,  the  Rer.  Wilfred  Ft«ber, 
Student  of  Cb.  Ch.,  Oxford,  and  Rector  of  Went* 
well,  (*xon»  son  of  the  ReT.  WJUiiiin  Flpher, 
Canon  Residentiary  of  SaliHhury*  i*od  Rector  of 
Poiibhiit,  WiJti^  to  EliJtubeth  Mary,  dau.  of 
nmfller  liolli/it,  e»q..  of  Lodswonh. 

At  St  John's^  Kottsiugtoti-tjaik,  Charles  Jamea 
Oshoro  Chambera,  esq.,  Lieut,  H.M.'s  Madras 
Army,  only  son  of  the  late  Major  Chambeta, 
M.idraa  Fnsillen,  to  Mary  Carr,  duu.  of  WlUlain 
Dunn,  esq.,  of  Kensingtoa-p«rk-r»irden«. 

At  the  same  time  %nd  place,  Walter  Yeldham, 
eaq.,  I8lb  Unsaars,  son  of  Stephen  Veldhaw, 
c«q,,  of  Upper  Montague-Htreet,  to  EliaabcUi 
Augusta,  dau.  of  Win.  Dunn,  esq* 

Off.  3.  At  St.  George's,  Hitnover-sq.,  Dudley, 
Viscount  SiOdon,  eldest  wm  of  ihe  Earl  of  Har- 
Towiy,  K.O.,  to  the  Lady  M-iry  Frances  C«eil» 
eldest  duu.  of  the  Marquis  of  ExcUt,  K.G. 

At  St.  Andrew'p^  Kinaswood,  Surrey,  the 
Rev.  William  H.  Astley  Cuo]]«r,  second  son  of  Str 
Asttey  Pakton  Cooper,  b4rt„  to  Eliaabclb,  s*  cond 
dau.  of  Captain  Evan  Ncpean,  R.N. 

At  Ht  Peter**,  Dubdn,  John  W.  Hobart,  eldest 
Bon  of  Edwatd  Wiijht  Seymour,  evq.,  of  Wlgbt- 
fleld,  00  JUitterick,  and  l£ildarc-«t.,  Dufdlit,  lo 
Emmi  Isabetlc.  eld«»t  dau.  of  the  Rev,  C.  M,' 
Fleury,  U.D.,  Uiiper  Le«*on-«t.,  Dnbhn. 

At  SUikc  Danierel,  William  Neville*  wn  of 
JclliJfe  Tuftirll,  exq.,  of  LangU>y,  &Mex,  to 
Eleanor  Fraiicrs,  M^eond  dan.  of  C*cn.  Charles 
Go  Umg,  R.A.,  of  Peiiic«««iila»,  :HMke, 


560 


Marriaget. 


[Nor. 


At  Oonfeacle,  co.  Tyrone,  Walter  FoUett 
Wright,  44th  Regt.  Madras  Nadve  Infantry, 
fourth  son  of  Col.  George  Wright,  late  Madras 
Army,  to  Adelaide  Rosalie,  fourth  dau.  of  the 
Ber.  Jos.  Steyenson,  Incumbent  of  Clonfeacle. 

At  Clifton,  Guy  Kotton,  esq.,  Capt.  R.A., 
and  Brcret  Lieut.-Colonel,  to  Charlotte  Mary, 
dau.  of  the  Ber.  Mourant  Brock,  M.A.,  Incum- 
bent of  Christ  Church,  Clifton. 

At  West  Cholderton,  CapU  Francis  J.  Slade 
Oully,  Major  of  Brigade  at  Saugor,  Central  India, 
second  8on  of  the  late  Rey.  S.  T.  Slade  Gully,  of 
Trevennen,  Cornwall,  to  Eleanor,  third  dau.  of 
the  Rev.  Wadham  Knatchbull,  of  Cholderton- 
lodge,  Hants. 

At  Hurstpierpoint,  Sussex,  the  Rev.  F.  Ernest 
Tower,  youngest  son  of  C.  T.  Tower,  esq.,  of 
Weald-hall,  Essex,  to  Mary  Georgina,  youngest 
dau.  of  W.  J.  Campion,  esq.,  of  Danny,  Sussex. 

At  Cossington,  Somerset,  Edward  Pain,  esq., 
of  Frimley-lodge,  Surrey,  to  Octavia  Georgiana, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  Edmund  Broderip, 
esq.,  of  the  Manor-house,  Cossington. 

At  All  Saints',  Hertford,  the  Rer.  George 
Teats,  M.A.,  to  Charlotte  Mary,  eldest  dau. 
of  William  Mello,  esq.,  of  Little  Amwell, 
Herts. 

At  St.  Giles's,  Camberwell,  Henry  Kingdon 
Moseley,  esq.,  of  Framlingham,  Suffolk,  to 
Sophia,  second  dau.  of  Thomas  Massey,  esq.,  of 
Camberwell. 

.  At  Benacrc,  Suffolk,  John  Harry  Lee,  eldest 
son  of  John  Muxloe  Wingfield,  esq.,  of  Ticken- 
cote-hall,  Rutland,  to  Elizabeth  Anne,  eldest 
dau.  of  Maurice  Johnson,  esq.,  of  Benacre-hall. 

At  Jesmond,  Newcastlc-on-T;ne,  John  Ed- 
ward, only  son  of  Andrew  Gray,  esq..  New- 
lands,  Northumberland,  to  Elizabeth  Cole,  only 
dau.  of  Collingwood  Forster  Jackson,  esq.,  of 
South  Jesmond-house,  near  Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

At  St.  John's,  Paddington,  the  Rey.  Charles 
Richard  Powjrv,  to  Anna,  dau.  of  the  late  Thos. 
Duffleld,  C8q.,  of  Marcham-park,  Berks,  and 
widow  of  John  Shawe  Phillips,  esq.,  of  Culham, 
Oxon. 

At  Wigmore,  Herefordshire,  Hubert,  second 
■on  of  the  late  Philip  Martineau,  esq.,  of  Cum- 
berland-place, Regcnt's-paik,  and  Falrlight, 
Sussex,  to  Elizabeth  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  the 
late  Capt.  Henry  Frederic  Alston,  formerly  of 
the  78th  Regt.  (Highlanders). 

The  Rev.  Franci«  Charles  Cole.  M.  A.,  Wadham 
College,  Oxford,  eldest  son  of  Francis  Cole,  esq., 
of  Odlham,  Hants,  to  Lydia  Hannah,  fourth  dau. 
of  the  Rey.  Henry  Addington  Simcoe,  of  Pen- 
heale,  Cornwall. 

At  the  parish  church,  Brighton,  the  Rev.  C. 
H.  T.  Wyer  Daw,  Rector  of  Otterham,  Cornwall, 
to  Emily  Katherine,  only  dau.  of  John  Merrifield, 
esq.,  of  Brighton,  barrister-at-law. 

At  All  Saints',  Southampton,  Thomas  Henry 
Haddan,  esq.,  of  Lincoln's-inn,  late  Fellow  of 
Exeter  College,  Oxford,  to  CaroUne  Elizabeth, 
younger  dau.  of  the  late  Capt.  James  Bradley, 
R.N. 

At  Nunebam  Courtenev,  Oxfordshire,  the  Rev. 
Q.  W.  Asplen,  M.A.,  Curate  of  St.  Andrew's-the- 
12 


Great,  Cambridge,  to  Mary  Wadmore,  ; 

dau.  of  the  late  R.  Brayingtom,  eeq^.,  of  T«ittlt4Mi, 

Middlesex. 

At  Dingestow,  Monmouthshire,  the  Rrr.  John 
Lloyd,  Rector  f  LUuiviH;>ley,  to  Emily  Letitia» 
eldest  dau.  of  Samuel  Bosanquet,  eaq.,  of  Foreat- 
ho.,  Essex,  and  Dingestow-eonxt,  Moanumthah. 

At  Lewisham,  the  Rev.  J.  W.  North,  M  JL.,  to 
Elizabeth  Anne,  eldest  dan.  of  the  Ber.  B. 
Guest,  M.A.,  late  Bector  of  PiUon,  Northeap* 
tonshire. 

Oct,  5.  At  Crickhowell,  Breeonahire,  Arthur 
Augustus,  eldest  surviving  son  of  the  late  Arthur 
Gibbon,  esq.,  and  grandson  of  the  late  0»ptaia 
Augustus  Montgomery,  B.N.,  to  Mary  leabelto 
Elizabeth,  second  dau.  of  J.  J.  Kerr,  esq.,  a&d 
granddan.  of  the  late  Gen.  Manners  Kexr,  of 
Maesmor,  Merionethshire. 

At  St.  Mary's,  Woolwich,  Capt.  Wm.  Booth, 
Boyal  Horse  Artillery,  son  of  the  late  Lleiit.-OQL 
Henry  Booth,  K.H.,  43rd  Light  Infantry,  to  Elisa 
Enuna,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Mi^or-Gen.  Buaael, 
R.A. 

At  St  John's,  Paddington,  Frederie,  eldest  eon 
of  the  late  Frederic  Dickinson,  esq.,  of  Cape- 
town, Cape  of  Good  Hope,  to  Jane,  eldest  sor* 
viving  dan.  of  the  late  N.  Armstrong,  esq.,  80th 
Regt.  and  7th  Dragoon  Guards,  granddan.  of 
Gen.  Alexr.  Armstrong,  of  Green-park,  Bath, 
and  of  the  late  Chas.  Mackenzie,  esq.,  of  the 
Bengal  Civil  Service,  Calcutta. 

Oct,  8.  At  St.  Mary's  Boman  Cstholio  Chnreb, 
Edinburgh,  and  afterwards  at  St.  Paul's  Bpiseo* 
pal  Church,  Major  the  Hon.  James  C.  Donner, 
second  son  of  the  Lord  Dormer,  to  EUa  Franoes 
Catherine,  only  dan.  of  Sir  Archibald  Alisoi^ 
hart.,  and  widow  of  the  late  Robert  Cutler  Fer^ 
gusson,  esq.,  of  Craigdarroch  andOrroland,  N3. 

At  Kensington,  Charles  Henry,  third  son  of 
Daniel  Gumey,  esq.,  of  North  Runcton,  Norfolk, 
and  of  the  late  Lady  Harriet  Gumey,  to  Alice, 
dau.  of  H.  T.  Prinsep,  esq.,  Member  of  the  Indian 
Council. 

At  St.  Stephen's,  Camden-town,  A.  H., 
youngest  son  of  the  late  Lieut.-Col.  0.  L.  Fits-> 
gcrald.  Consul  for  Mobile,  U.S.,  to  Annie,  eldest 
dau.  of  Fred.  White  Saunders,  esq.,  of  Bayluun* 
ten-.,  and  granddau.  of  the  late  Rev.  D.  H* 
Saunders,  Vicar  of  Steynton,  Pembrokeshire. 

At  St.  Peter's,  Dublin,  the  Rev.  George  Btnd- 
dert,  M.A.,  Rector  of  Ardee,  co.  Louth,  to  Caro- 
line Amelia,  dau.  of  the  late  Major  Priestley, 
C.B.,  K.H.,  K.C.B.,  of  the  25th  Regt,  and 
afterwards  D.I.G.  of  Constabulary,  Dublin. 

At  Wonersh,  W.  S.  HiU,  esq.,  of  Emmanuel 
College,  Cambridge,  to  Mary  Selina,  dau.  of  the 
late  Edmund  Body,  esq.,  of  Morrioe-town,  Devon. 

At  Newton  St.  Loe,  near  Bath,  Francis  Has- 
tings McLeod,  esq.,  Capt  H.M.'s  Bengal  Hotm 
Artillery,  eldest  son  of  J.  W.  McLeod,  esq.,  Per- 
diswell-hall,  Worcestershire,  to  Fanny  Bcethra, 
only  dau.  of  H.  St.  John  Maule,  esq.,  of  Newton 
St  Loe. 

At  Thomton-in-Lonsdale,  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Alfi^  Stowell,  M.  A.,  of  Queen's  College,  Oxford, 
and  Incumbent  of  St  Stephen's,  Bowling,  Brad- 
ford, to  Emma,  seoond  dsu.  of  Bichard  Tatham» 


186L] 


Marriages. 


CAq,,  of  Lowflcldif  near  Barton  •  lo  -  Lim«dftle, 
YorltJihiro. 

At  Hiitiipton-Bt*hop,  the  TU>y.  Edwiirfl  Mitl- 
Irson^  Vicur  ui  Wotd  Nrwtoni,  Yorkshire,  tq 
Lucy,  yotiiiKCit  clnu.  of  the  Rrv.  F.  MrTci^cther, 
Rector  of  Wuolhop«,  RTid  nloce  of  tb«  late  DMn 
of  Hrfpford. 

At  the  parish  church,  Rh*'fHfld,'BobeTt  Lriffh- 
ion,  c*q.,  of  Endcliff^,  to  Fraincfn  Newbttrjrht 
elile«t  fbu,  ui  Thomun  Browne,  caq.,  of  Amble- 
lioQjte,  neur  Wnrkirorth,  Northomherlnnd. 

At  Stralford-upon-ATon,  the  Kev.  \V.  Unctt 
CoRtwi,  Rector  of  Rockhacnpton,  to  Harriet  Ann, 
only  rtnn.  of  thft  late  Rev.  John  Pf  irlaTt  Vicar  of 
A)Tc«ton,  unci  Inciimbentof  Blshopiton. 

At  Kt,  l>tor"^  Dtihltn,  Thonifts  Tardley,  pftq., 
,  ^th  Royal  Reer^.,  to  Minnn  LtrulM,  eldest  din. 
of  Lieut. -Co).  W.  K.  fHnarl,  CB.,  Cocnmondlnir 
eth  Regt, 

At  St.  Jame*'*,  Dot? r»  FrsBcls  Micnaghteni 
q.,  of  n.M,'»  Bengal  Civil  f^rice,  to  De^'ste, 
no.  of  O.  Wc*toby,  c«q.«or  Ulttb)',  Lin»}lnithirG. 
At  Greenwich,  the  Rct.  John  B.  MeCren, 
I.A«,  Incumbent  of  ^X,  James's,  Burragc^ 
town,  Kent,  ljtt«  of  Dublin^  to  ?<lellna  Char- 
lotte, only  dan.  of  Major  Van  Heythnysent  lato 
n.EJX'.i^,,  and  in-nnddau,  of  thelnte  John  Seek, 
cihq.,  of  Chiflwick. 

0<h  0.     At  St.  SttTlouT%  ietvtf,   the  Rer* 
Ikrthur  J.  H.  Bull,  B.A.,  MinKcrof  St.  Andfew*«s 
i|cr*ey,  to  tAAbcUa  Jane,  eldest  dan.  of  Col.  A.  G* 
ISyilop,  Modraji  ArtiUery. 

At  Betley,  Alex.  Ilndden  HutcMnRon,  essq., 
ftpt.  R.A.,  to  Mary  Klljcbheth,  dau.  of  Hngh 
|#ohn9tnn,  e«q..  of  Dunaon,  Kent. 

At  East  FiLrleigh,  near   Maidatone,  the  ReT. 

Arthur  Henry  Rnmsf^te  Hcbden,  of  Trinity  Col- 

1ep:e,  Cambridire,  eldest  «on  of  CoU  Bebdcn^  of 

LanM)owne-^l>M^e,  Briphlon,  to  AUee  EUnbeth, 

second  dan.  of  the  Rev.  Thomoa  Wation,  Vicar 

of  Eoat  Forleigh, 

At  Emmannel  C!hqrch,  I.oughborongh,  Robert 

»rt  Hunter,    Captain    Carabi liters,    to   Clara 

iarin^  eldest  dnu.  of  Edward  Cbatterton  Mid* 

Ueton,  esq. 

At  Barnwell,    Northamptonshire,    Alexander 

|]ttidctltff ,  fu>n  of  the  Rev.  Jnmet  Tlordem,  Vfcar 

r  Dottington,  Kent,  to  Ilenrietta  Mnntnret,  dau. 

fthe  Her.  Stuart  Majendie,  Rector  of  Barnwell. 

Oct,  10.    Ciipt,  H.  Trollope,  R.K.,  wm  of  the 

kte  Rear-Adm.  G.  B.  Trollope,  C.B,,  to  Mary, 

hu.  of  the  Hev,  John  Hopton,  of  ranon-ffrome* 

.  near  Ledbury,  Hereford*hlre. 

At  Chnrch- Oakley,  Hontts  John  Workman, 

nger  son  of  George  Lamb,  esq^,  of  Wortlng, 

iHante,  to  Margaret,  only  dan.  of  the  Rev.  Mftt' 

Itbew  Uarrifon,  Rector  of  Church^Onkley,  and 

I'^urnl  Dean. 

■  At  Eatt  Tlatedf  Hantii,  Richard  Wm.  Spider, 
q.,  tat«  Ciptafn  leth  Laneer*,  to  Dora  Caroline, 
nnnge!<t  dau.  of  J  antes  Winter  Seott,  eiq.«  of 
otherfteld-park,  llantii. 

At  Ilfmeombe,  the  Rev.  C,  R,  Holmes,  M.A,, 

acnmbent  of  Ul  Souls*,  Halifajt,  to  Mary  Ann, 

,  of  Captnin  Lake,  late  of  the  Seota  FuaOier 

irdn. 

y  CUflOQ,  Wm,  Fonler  Bait,  eiq.,  of  Co* 

Okkt,  Mao.  Vol.  CCXI. 


Kenfj-,  Abemavenny,  Ucinmonth*hire,  to  Wll- 
helmina  Margaret,  younKc^t  dan.  of  the  late 
WilUam  Edwards,  esq,,  of  Wc»l  Telgntnonlh, 
Devon,  formerly  of  IT.M.'ft  h^K\\  Hegt. 

At  8t.  Ann*n,  Dublin*  Canipb<«ll  Gauwen,  esq., 
J, P.,  barriatfr-at-law,  of  l^ko  Mrw-houfc,  eo. 
Londonderrr,  to  Annie  Catharine,  relict  of  C«pt. 
Henry  Robe  Sawndrrfi,  R.A. 

At  St.  Andre w'p,  Clifton,  Henry  E.  Enftlnke, 
esq.,  M.D.,  to  Margarrt,  eUleat  dau.  of  the  late 
Rev.  J.  J,  Skally,  M.A, 

At  Sittinghonrne,  Kent,  Edward  Bunhar  Kil- 
bnm,  esq,,  of  Calcnttn,  non  of  the  late  Thomai 
Kilbnm,  e«j.,  of  Hamp«tead,  Middlesex,  to  Anna 
gopbU,  eldest  dan.  of  the  Rer.  VL,  T.  Walford, 
M.A.,  Vicar  of  Slttlngbonme,  and  Ferpetnal 
Curate  of  Twade, 

At  Wnter  Xewlon,  the  Rct.  Joseph  Waller 
Berry,  Vicor  of  Foxtoo»  Cjimbrid^cj^hire,  t» 
Harah,  third  dan.  of  Matthew  Sbarmsn,  esq.,  of 
the  former  plnee. 

At  Holy  Trinity,  Bnrton-npon-Trent,  the  Rer* 
DttTid  C,  Cochrane,  M,A.,  to  Jane  Kliatabcih, 
eldest  dan.  of  R,  R.  Tomlin«m,  eaq ,  of  the 
Woodland !«,  Barton -upon -Trent, 

At  the  Catholic  Church,  St.  Mary  and  St.Ed« 
mund,  Abingdon,  and  aftnerwards  at  St.  HclenV 
Church,  John  Rafdl  Barrett,  e»q«,  of  Milton* 
hoxkw^  Berka,  to  Ellen,  eldest  dan.  of  John  Box, 
esq.,  of  Abingdon. 

Oct.  10,  At  Leamington.  J,  Illidge  Froser,  eaq., 
late  of  the  17th  Ijineers,  eldest  son  of  the  lute 
Alexander  Frajier,  pf«q,,  of  Gatwlck-h«.,  Hurrey, 
J. P.,  and  Deputy-Lieut.,  to  Eliia.  second  dau.  of 
J.  S.  Brown,  esq.,  of  ComlK»r-hotjs<',  l>eaminKtoD. 

Oct.  13.  At  St,  Marylebonc,  Knri  Alexander 
von  S^glinitxki,  Major  in  the  Prutvian  serTice,  to 
Maria  Jane,  fourth  dau.  of  the  late  Horace  Hay- 
man  Wilson,  esq,,  of  Upper  Wlmpolc-sl.,  BcMlea 
ProfesAtJr  in  the  InivtrKity  of  Oxford. 

At  Lcckhainpton,  Cheltenham,  Vice- Admiral 
Arthur  P.  Hamilton,  of  Wimpole-st,,  Ca?endish- 
fq.,  and  the  Mount,  Chingford,  Emcx,  to  Ellen 
Gt^rtrode,  youngest  dau ►  of  the  lute  Rev.  J.  Scbole- 
flcTd,  Rector  of  Barton-on-the-nrath,  Warwiok- 
shire* 

At  Liston,  the  Rev.  T.  H.  Maey,  Curate  of 
St.  Barnabas,  Bristol,  to  Sarah  MeheUbel,  etdeat 
dan.  of  the  late  Major  Jamea  Conwmj  Traverv, 
K. a,  of  the  Rifle  Brigade. 

Ort,  U.  At  fit.  Helen's,  York,  Howard  D., 
youngest  son  of  Francis  Philip  Bedingfeld,  esq., 
of  Thorn ton^lodire,  near  Northallerton,  York- 
Ehine,  to  Mary  Tereaa,  only  aur^iving  dan.  of  lh« 
late  Tbomaa  MeyoeU,  esq.,  of  Kilvingtan-hall, 
and  the  Frjerage,  near  Varm,  in  the  aame  coTinty. 
Oet.  15.  At  the  British  £mbas«y,  Paris,  tho 
Hon.  Edward  Brownlow,  second  son  of  the  late 
Lord  Lurgan,  to  UelencClemeDtLna,  second  dau. 
of  the  late  John  Hardy,  Jan.,  eaq.,  formerly 
H.M.^s  Consul  at  St.  Jago  de  Caba. 

At  Hampsteod,  Arthnr  Fellows,  c«q.,  of  Tie- 
toria,  Vancouver'a  laland,  to  Eleanor  Caroline, 
second  dan.  of  Sir  Rowland  Hill»  K.C.B. 

At  St,  Savionr'a,  Paddington,  the  Rev.  John 
Aldwotth,  of  SkMnettoQ,  Oxon,  to  Jane  Cliarlotte, 
yotunfeil  dan.  nf  ibe  InteGcorfe  Anthony  Smith, 
8T 


562 


Marriages, 


r*q.,  Mi.lri-  fW.\  «rrviri»,  \nA  mr.At\x^.  fit  tr.e 
I.»r.  Ut.  ;•.  ii*n.  V:,'.f.yi\  •>{  H.ii.i-;  '.•;  y  C',[\t^\ 
j\r.  if  ir..;.*.'.n,  M::-:.-  **-x.  .fi-.  H.-i-*inZ"i  T'>on<», 
^w,.,  M  i/-,r  ir,M.*-i  ^r.'l  fVna'.il  Civ.ilrr.  zrir.d- 
Viii  or  *.;,■  ;.4'^  -jr  U....a;i.  Trx»r.^,  K.T  fi.,  to 
fcinrf.i,  ir"  onr!  ri^'i.  'if  I.  Hesii.:y,  e*q.,  the  ManAr- 

A:  Kri,;.,*r.:,/-;  ^inr'ih,  Vl> ;. ton -*'! per- Mare, 
Joiii  r.  .(r»r  lid:-,  i-^',.,  of  ''n^  K'»r»-isrri-iifRr,e, 
ori.y  "'tu  f.'  frii(..M  H'»lc.  f*ti.j  of  f.oli.pries-t- 
tftr.ij--,  'l..'7fr,r,,  r;*".on,  fo  fr-incfrft  J-in*^,  only 
ri.ii.  «.f  r:,/  ]  iv  fJor  it '>  r>:i\.ii,  <^<»j.,  of  Mount 
}UH".:,-.:'.U'f:  /'.iicii.  "kr.-'l  ;i^a<:ddau.  of  the  Ute 
Hir  W  I,',  r  J.i:r,*M,  h.^rt. 

At  ^'i?''jri  \font.4,  .V/mpr«*»t.,  the  Ri»T.  II*;nrjr 
Wrar*'  I;..mflfoTfl,  F' How  of  Warlham  Coilepre, 
Oxfoffl,  ari'l  i:f':f/.r  of  Frjrrnir.if,  K*-vx,  to 
Kli/ib;:tri  Riirton  f>>.i''h,  yoiin;f»>Ht.4iirvi«infC(Uiu. 
of  th»-  laU;  lU  t.  Thw.  Oklftlii  Kirtlcrtt,  lUxtfif  of 
HWitU.iff^,  lior-w;!. 

At  sf.,  Ari'lp  w'h,  riymoqth,  Capt.  Frank  Saih- 
ytirt-Ut  H.M.N  Infli^m  Ar.iiy,  to  Sarah  Sugt-.nt, 
nrtond  rlau.  of  r;jpt.  S.  Jt*i^*  Walt:*,  R.\. 

At  'Inf.njTton,  Norfolk,  Alfnrl  fl.  IrethMry, 
of  lihrkhn^,  yoiinjf»j-it  non  of  Il^nry  Trethcmy, 
f>v|.,of  f;ram[Kiiinfl,  CfirnwaU,  to  Mary  hlizubetfa, 
youuK'  't  «laii.  of  Ilenry  Ilid'^weU,  «m|.,  of  Tut- 
tinirtori-hall. 

At  Wif»d*fir,  Robert  M^rwr,  ewj.,  of  I*oplar- 
htill,  FiiviT^hiini,  only  NurviviiiK  noil  of  Wthfri 
Mi-rtur,  f-ui,,  r.f  Kritti-nrli-n,  Krnt,  to  Il'rien,  on.y 
d»ri.  of  Jri.  Kendall  |.anitK:rt,  (-fi].,  of  Hackney. 

At  firf-at  lW-rkhani[Mtia(l,  theK^v.  J.  Iliitchin- 
ttttn,  M.A.,  rhii plain  to  H.K.}I.  Vv.  I>uke  of 
C'rtmhr idfrr.il ml  Ili-rtor  of  Ciriat  lirrkhami>NU:«/l, 
to  Sophia  Jan*",  eldest  dan.  of  Jiinies  Gordon 
MurrloT'i,  rurj.,  of  Whitehill,  lUrU. 

At  Kirkhy-on-lJain,  I.ln<:oln«liiri',  J.  Compton 
Iiawr.inre,  ew|  ,  of  I)iinrtby«hall,  IJnnolnhhire, 
biinlHtei -.it-law,  to  ChurlotU*  f^eor^iana,  eldCht 
(laii.  of  M  ijor  Smart,  of  Tumby-laHU,  in  the 
fwnie  roiinty. 

OH.  Vi.  At  Old  Alrryford,  Ffanth,  Haldwin 
John  follr-xfi-n  Iln-tard,  e^i.,  of  Kitley,  iH'Vun- 
»'hlre,  ridii-t  »nrviviiijf  m>ii  of  the  lutf  Kdmund 
J'nllixf'ii  Ita-.(urd,  <!«<|.,  M.P.  for  I>evon,  to 
Fi liners  Jnrie.  younKcnt  duu.  of  the  lute  lion. 
MortirrMi  llodiiiy. 

At  I'linrpe,  inai  Xorwirh,  Trank  Antley  Cubitt, 
rM|.,  Ciipl.  Mh  Kei^t.  FiihilierH,  ehlent  Kon  of  the 
Kev.  Flui'Ih  William  Ciibitt,  M.A.,  of  Fritlon- 
hoiiHP,  Niilfolk,  to  Hrrthu  Ilarriotj  younKOHt  daii. 
of  the  liiti-  TlioniiiN  Hlakihtun,  i-Nf|.,  Commander 
U.S.,  .iiid  ni<MC  of  sir  Matthew  Klakinton,  bart. 

At  Tunbildife-wills  Alexander  Craven  Ord, 
can.,  el.IrM  m.n  of  the  late  Major  HittchinMon  Ord, 
ll.A.,  to  Anne  C'lementin;!,  wcond  duu.  of  the 
lute  Col.  William  Mure,  of  Caldwell. 

At  WintiilMiurne,  Hrrks,  the  Hev.  W.  W. 
Mii-lph,  Inriimbeiit  cif  Trinity  Chureh,  lU-adinjr, 
lo  Fanny,  dan.  of  the  late  John  Finhcr,  e^i.,  of 
DtN'knier,  llmkH. 

At  KeMNiuKion,  CJeorffe  lUiyle  Frcnd,  cwi-,  of 
ranteiliury,  to  Klicu  Uum,  <lttu.  of  Ileniy 
Klnjcttford,  i^..  of  (iuceii'H.Katc-Kttrdcnn,  luto 
of  LitUelNiunic,  Kent. 

At  Weal   Mulling,  Kent,  Thomoa  Johnaton, 


*^i^,,  of  Ia'"-n;e«j«-r<:rr.,  and  Il.iTinon(i-oiuIr 
r,rai'i-.ri.-..  t-.  M.ir;  Er'jljr'»t,  'iniy  duu-  o< 
LiiCK..  f-<i..  -.f  r'-r  H*rai:Mj'?.  W*M»t  Ma:-inj 

A*.  N'.>rina«.   J-i  n   El.i.ii:y  Jenk:n.*.  esc 
Kin-Mti.n-riOu-e.  F>?rJL*.  tjj  Alice  3f.Artha, 
d.»a.  o{  C'-arle-s  U  ....ron.  (abc-r,  eitq.,  of  Xorc 
hou-f.  H.  rr*. 

At  ">(.  (it  •.r7<--*!>,  IIiriOTer-4q.,  John,  secoB 
of  W::i....-:i  W^:k*-r.  f-i\.,  J.  P..  of  Boiling 
Tark-ir.-.r*:,  t.,  Henif-r  France^  IVilinirhaxn,  « 
dau.  of  tdn  K«T.  H^nry  de  LaTal  WiUu,  1 
lncunr•^J».■nt  of  >t.  John>,  Bradford. 

At  Fei£i-<rt,  NortLumberland,  Richard  Ha 
Kintr,  t^.ti-.,  of  Wijopc-rtfjo,  to  .Vnne  Eliza 
elde-t  dun.  of  the  Eer.  Thomaa  Ilderta 
lidertun,  and  Vicar  of  Felton. 

Oct.  17.     At  at.  Mary's,   Br7anfftoD-«q. 
Hon.  Cbarlea  .Spencer  bateman  Han  bury,  ] 
Fellow  of  All  Sju'lc'  ro;i<?iic,  Oxford,  Ute 
2nd  Life   Gtiard«,  and  iccor.d  aon   of  the 
Lord  liateman,  to  the  Vincoantetci  Strangfoi 

At  St.  George'.*,  Hanorer-sq.,  the  BeT.  F 
lie  Leicester,  to  Amelia  Sa<^annah,  you 
dan.  of  Liout.-Col.  John  Campbell,  Ute  B 
Army. 

At  Chilbolton,  HantK,  Frederick  Addii 
OoodenouKh,  ef>q.,  of  Calcutta,  son  of  the 
Very  lU:r.  Kdmund  Goodenousrh.  D.D.,  D< 
Well-,  to  Mary,  eldext  dau.  of  the  Uev.  . 
Lambert,  M.A.,  Rural  Dean  and  Rector  of 
boiton. 

At  Stroud.  William  Henry  Wood,  e«q.,  n 
aon  of  T.  Wood,  e^.,  Coxhoe-hall,  Dnrhaj 
Kathor,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Francis  C 
bers,  CM|.,  of  Tbrupp-bouae  and  Uamptoa-b 
GkmeeKtervhirc. 

At  St.  Andrew's,  Plymouth,  William  Bu 
eftq.,  Hurgeon,  Devonport,  to  Mary  Ann,  yc 
ei«t  dau.  of  the  Rev.  John  Ilatchord,  Vic 
8t.  Andrew's. 

At  the  Cathedral,  Manchester,  Joneph  De 
c«q.|  barrister-at-law,  of  the  Middle  Temp 
Marianne  Katherinc,  only  dau.  of  Th 
Fotliergill,  cnq.,  of  the  Croft,  Gatlcy,  Chesh 

At  St.  Mary's,  Stoke  Newington,  Eaumv 
Ross,  ettq.,  Military  Train,  to  Jane,  eldest  di 
Mi^or  Salis. 

At  Taney,  co.  Dublin,  the  Rer.  John  J.  Da 
Kt.  Peti-r's,  Kington  Langley, Chippenham,  \ 
to  Emily,  widow  of  William  K.  M.  McClin 
esq.,  of  Humiwtead-hall,  Londonderry. 

At  Graveley,  Herts,  George  Dunn,   esq 
StcTenage,  to  Julia  Sophia,  dau.  of  the 
Thomas  F.  Green,  M.A.,  Rector  of  Grarclcj 

At  IIovc.  John  Marshall  Hooker,  esq.,  of  :k 
lands,  Brenchley,  to  Kllen,  elder  dau.  of  the 
Hamuel  Cox,  esq.,  formerly  of  Uenley-gi 
Bristol,  and  Rosemont,  Jersey. 

Ort.  19.  At  St.  Matthias',  Richmond,  Ra 
C.  Knight  Watson,  esq.,  M.A.,  Secretary  t< 
8o<-iety  of  Antiquaries  of  London,  to  £j 
June,  eldest  dau.  of  Pole  Godfrey,  esq 
KenMn;{!on. 

At  Canterbury,  Henry  Lawes,  esq.,  of  Put 
to  Rosu,  fourth  dau.  of  tho  late  Uenry  '^ 
c«q.,  of  Canterbury. 


1861 .] 


563 


<i^I)ituai-B. 


[Relaiitai  or  Friendn  imppljfing  Mevioir*  are  r^quewM  la  append  ihttr  Addretset^  in 
order  ihit  a  Cop^  oflhe  Gentleman's  Maoaztkb  coniaimng  their  Cbmmunicifiion9 
may  befuru^arded  to  them,^         ^ 


The  Kabi,  of  Kolthton,  K.T. 

OeK  4.     Suddenly t  nt  tins  residence  of 

Ir.  J.  Whyte  MthlviUe.  near  St*  AiidrcwX 

N.B.,  liged  iB,  the  Right  Hun.  Archibald 

WlUiam  Montgomerie,  thirteenth  Karl  of 

Eglinton. 

The  decctticd  p»er,  who  wni  Earl  of 
Eglinton  and  of  Winton  in  the  peerage 
of  Scotland,  and  Earl  of  Winton  rJso 
(by  creation)  in  llmt  of  the  United  King- 
dom, Lord  Mon^goin«rtie,  and  Baroa  Ar- 
drosjian  (by  which  latter  title  he  held  for 
many  years  hui  seat  In  the  Hoa3c  of 
Lordffj)  waa  the  only  ion  of  Archlhnkl 
Lord  Montgomvrie  (eldest  »on  of  Htigh, 
tweiah  Earl  of  KgHnton)  by  the  Lady 
Mary»  daughter  and  hfir  of  hig  kinsmati, 
Archibald,  eleven tli  Earl  of  EgUnton. 
wftji  bom  at  Palenno,  (where  \m 
Mher  held  a  di[iloinaiic  post,)  September 
29,  1S12,  and  was  genre<i  heir  niale 
general  of  George,  fourth  Earl  of  Winton, 
in  DecemWr,  1840,  the  fifth  Earl,  who 
was  attainted  in  1716,  having  left  no 
issue.  His  lordihip's  mothtr  afterwiirtla 
married,  In  January,  1815,  the  late  Sir 
Charles  Mont«>lieu  Burgess  Larab.  biirt., 
.mud  Knight-Mnrshnl,  but  dietl  in  1818. 
the  death  of  his  grandfather^  Hugh, 
irclftU  Karl,  December  11.  1819,  be 
ded  to  the  honours  of  the  family, 
^  mnd  extensive  ancestral  domains  in  Scot- 
land, bi'ing  then  only  in  his  eighth  yetir; 
but  he  received  his  etlucation  at  Eton. 
For  several  years  the  Ear!  of  Eglinton 
I  a  leading  patron  of  the  turf,  and  had 
me  period  one  of  the  largcit  and  best 
'  rocmg  stud*  in  the  ooimtry.  His  succesi 
on  the  turf  was  ^nsiderahle.  Ho  was 
first  made  finnons  by  the  TonmauHnt  of 
1839|-^*i  ppleridid  pcMtic  extravagnnce* 
caaily  traceable  to  the  influence  of  Sir 
Walter  Scott  and  that  school  of  literature 


on  a  youth  of  large  fortnne,  whose  ances- 
tors had  tilted  before  half  the  Conrts  of 
Enropi?, — at  which  the  present  Emperor  of 
the  French  was  one  of  the  knights,  and 
lit  which  the  present  Duchess  of  Somerset, 
then  Lady  Seymour,  enjoyed  the  dbtinc- 
tion  of  being  Uic  "Queen  of  Beauty.*' 
A  Idss  seltish  sacridee  of  money  in  the 
way  of  amusement  could  liardly  hftve 
been  devised ;  and  this  was  the  cbnrecter 
of  Lord  Eglinton'a  nninsements  through 
life.  His  [ileasurea,  like  his  business  ocni- 
pat'ona,  were  such  as  benefited  others,  for 
they  were  eminently  sociatle.  Tliey  were 
also  eraiiienily  healthy  and  manly,  nnd 
becoming  a  uirm  who  loved  the  truditir»na 
of  the  country -life  of  the  Engliijh  and 
Scottish  nobles. 

Tlie  Earl  of  Eglinton  was  a  firm  sap- 
porter  of  the  Conservative  pnrty  ;  but  he 
was  popular  with  his  politicnl  opponents^, 
and  is  said  "  never  to  have  mnde  an 
enemy  or  to  have  lost  a  friend,"  The 
late  Sir  Robert  Peel»  on  the  denth  of  the 
Earl  of  Glasgow,  appointed  him  Lord- 
Lieutenant  of  Ayrshire.  On  the  Earl  of 
Derby  becoming  Premter,  in  IBS 2  ho 
selected  the  Earl  of  Eglinton  to  fill  the 
post  of  Lord -Lieu  tenant  of  Irebind;  iind 
the  rare  social  qualities  of  his  lordn^hip, 
comhined  with  his  princely  hospitality, 
rendered  him  a  most  jKipidnr  viceroy.  It 
was  stated  unantmou;*ly  by  the  Irish  pres«, 
on  bis  retirement  in  December,  1852, 
that,  since  the  late  Duke  of  Northumber- 
land was  the  representative  of  the  Sove- 
reign, no  one  hud  kept  np  the  vice-regal 
hospitality  in  a  more  princely  style.  Ho 
Waa  again  Appointed  Lcrd-Licuteimnt  io 
February.  1858,  and  maintained  the  dig- 
nity up  to  the  Earl  of  Derby*s  leaving 
office  in  Jnne,  1859,  his  popnhirity  re- 
maining nndiminished.     During  the  early 


564 


Obitcabt. — 77i«  Earl  of  Eglinton,  K.T. 


[No 


pkit  of  tbe  Earl  of  Aberdeen'f  adminis- 
tratiou,  that  ftatemuui  pretent<-d  tbe  Earl 
of  Egliotoo  with  tbe  Order  of  tbe  Tbutle, 
expreaiing,  in  a  graceful  letter,  his  belief 
that  no  member  of  tbe  Soottiah  nobility 
was  more  jostlj  entitled  to  tbe  honour. 
Befr>re  retiring  from  office  in  1859,  Lcird 
Uerfay  conferred  on  him  the  English 
earldom  of  Winton.  The  deceased  noble- 
man was  elected  Lord  Rector  of  Glasgow 
Univerkitj  in  November,  1852,  and  was 
colonel  of  the  Ayrshire  militia  from  1836 
to  1852,  when  he  resigned. 

It  is  sUted  that  the  Earl  of  Eglinton 
was  engaged  daring  the  afternoon  of  the 
1st  of  October  in  pla^-ing  at  golf,  ap- 
parently in  robust  health ;  he  dined  with 
Mr.  Melville  and  company  in  the  evening 
at  St,  Andrew's,  and  exhibited  his  usual 
ehefcrfulness.  Before  the  party  separated 
the  Earl  was  seized  with  a  fit  of  apoplexy, 
which  at  once  rendered  him  unconscious^ 
and  in  that  Umentable  state  he  continued 
until  his  demise. 

The  Lite  earl  married,  first,  February 
17, 18il,  Theresa,  widow  of  Capt.  Richard 
Howe  Cockcrcll,  R.N.,  and  daughter  of 
Mr.  Chas,  Xewcomcn,  by  whom  he  leaves 
surviving  issue^Archibald  William,  Lord 
Montgoinerie  ;  Lady  Egidia,  bom  Decem- 
ber 17,  18i3,  and  married  a  few  months 
back  to  Ix)rd  Kendlesham ;  the  Hon.  Seton 
Montolieu,  bom  in  May,  1846;  and  the 
Hon.  George  A.  Montgomerie,  bom  in 
February,  1818.  His  lordship's  first 
countess  dying  suddenly  in  December, 
1853,  soon  after  her  return  from  Dublin 
to  Scotland,  he  married  secondly,  while 
holding  the  vice-regal  office  in  Dublin 
a  second  time  in  1858,  the  Lady  Adela 
Caiiel,  only  daughter  of  the  Earl  and 
Countess  of  Essex,  who  died  suddenly  in 
Edinburgh  on  the  31st  of  last  December, 
lie  is  succeeded  in  the  earldom  by  his 
eldest  son,  Archibald  William,  Lord  Mont- 
gomerie, bom  December  3,  1841.  His 
lordship  Las  been  some  few  years  in  the 
Royal  Navy  as  midrihipman,  but,  it  is 
said,  has  relinquished  the  idea  of  adopt- 
ing it  as  a  profession. 

We  borrow  from  the  "  Edinburgh  Cou- 
rant"  the  following  eloquent  tribute  to 
the  memory  of  the  deceased  :— 


"On  Friday  was  laid  in  hia  fiuniJ 
vault  at  Kilwinning  the  most  popoh 
ptitrician  of  his  time.  It  is  no  exagger 
tion  to  apply  this  dt^cription  to  the  tbi 
teenth  Earl'of  Eglinton,  and  it  embodii 
at  once  what  was  most  cfaarmctcriatic  < 
him,  and  what  he  would  most  have  wiahc 
to  be  rememberul  for  hims^f.  Othi 
men  of  his  order  were  as  much  respects 
and  some  were  abler,  more  learned,  < 
higher  in  the  Slate;  but  no  noble  of  tl 
three  kingdoms  was  so  widely  and  geni 
rally  loved.  This  is  a  kind  of  fame  whic 
excites  less  emulation  than  souie  kind 
but  which  is  rarer  and  higher, — and  ukm 
consolatory  to  those  who  have  to  lamei 
his  life  suddenly  broken  and  bia  too  eari 
grave. 

**  History  and  nature  combined  to  mal 
Lord  Eglinton  a  thorough  gentlenuu 
Uis  career  cannot  be  separated  from  h 
ancestry,  because  his  ancestry,  both  ooq 
sciously  and  unconsdous'y,  inspired  ax 
created  it.  As  heir-male  of  tbe  House  < 
Seton  and  heir-general  of  the  Honae  < 
Montgomerie,— the  descendant  of  aon 
of  the  bravest  among  men  and  the  faire 
among  women, — ^he  drew  from  roots  thi 
lay  d^  in  the  past  the  qualities  of  cb 
racter  which  bloomed  into  such  engagin 
flower.  Representing  through  his  pedign 
the  best  of  the  Norman  colonists  who  di 
so  much  not  only  for  the  dvilizatioa  bi 
for  the  independence  of  Scotland,  it  wt 
natural  in  him  to  be  at  once  a  friend  < 
improvement  and  a  lover  of  uationalit 
If  there  was  no  better  landlord  and  i 
truer  Scotsman,  this  was  not  by  aocnden 
but  because  these  were  the  characters  \h 
longing  to  his  blood.  There  met  to  fon 
Lord  Eglinton  something  of  what  was  bei 
in  the  difierent  lines  which  centred  i 
him,— the  earnestness  of  old  '  Qreysteel 
the  Marston-Moor  man,  the  chivalry  < 
the  balLid  hero  of  Otterbum,  with  th 
strong  local  feeling  and  honest,  if  mil 
taken,  instincts  of  a  recent  Earl  wh 
talked  of  the  '  misery  and  sUvery  of  bein 
united  to  EngUnd !'  These  qualities  wen 
however,  so  harmoniously  proportioned  i 
him,  that  the  sentiment  never  ran  awa. 
with  the  good  sense,  nor  the  g^nerosit 
with  tbe  prudence  of  his  character.  H 
shone  on  the  turf  without  impurini^  hi 
refinement,  and  kept  up  his  hereditar 
splendour  without  damaging  his  estate 
So  beautiful  and  well-balanced  waa  hi 
nature  that  he  created  all  the  eflTects  c 
a  man  of  genius  without  possessing  extra 
ordinary  powers;  and  is  now  deplore 
wherever  he  was  known  as  if  he  had  take 
part  in  the  greatest  transactions  of  th 
day.    His  popularity^  like  that  of  Si 


1861.]  Lord  Ponsonby, — Ven^  Archdeacon  Rowan. 


565 


Philip  Sidney,  depended  less  on  wbat  lie 
achieved  thmi  on  what  be  waa  j  iind  sprunjf 
from  ft  general  adiui ration  of  Lib  whole 
beariEig  mid  condoct/' 

Thu  lltjus©  of  Montgomerie,  of  which 
the  decoasiod  earl  wa§  the  head,  haa  held 
a  diatiiJguifthi.^  positiun  among  the  ehit:f 
nohility  of  Scotland  for  more  than  aix 
hundretl  years,  and  inlet's  iti  dtscent  from 
Kohert  de  Hontgoaierie,  a  member  of  the 
Kormiin  fatiiily  uf  thivt  name,  who  wni 
a  witness  to  the  foundiition  of  the  abbey 
Mt  l*aUley.  and  died  about  1180.  it  in 
graudsou,  an  adherent  of  Robert  Brnce, 
waa  one  of  the  gjeat  baron*  of  Scotland 
wha  were  summoned  to  apiwar  at  Btr>vick 
in  lijyi ;  and  hissoD,  Sir  Alexander  Mont* 
gomeriej  waij  father  of  Sir  John,  who 
mfuried  the  heirc»a  of  Eglinton,  niece  of 
King  Ilobtrt  II.  of  Si^>tland  Hi«  eldest 
son^  Id  his  turn,  fought  in  the  buttle  of 
Otterbnrn,  wluro  he  took  Sir  H.  Percy 
pri&oner.  Thi«  gaLlunt  knight's  ion,  who 
wai  miaed  to  the  Scottish  |>cerage  aji 
Lord  Montgoraerie,  in  1427,  left  a  aon 
who  waa  gent  as  ambsasador  to  England 
in  1£d1.  Hisson^  who  was  raised  to  the 
earldom  of  Ej^Uuton  in  1503,  waa  justice- 
general  of  the  north  of  iScotUnd  during 
the  mmority  of  James  Y, 


Lord  Ponsofdt. 

Oet^  2.  At  Uottach,  Tegemstie,  Bava- 
ria, aged  45,  t)ie  Right  Uon«  Lord  Pon- 
mnby,  of  luiokilly. 

His  Lordidup,  who  wa«  the  third  baron 
of  that  line,  was  the  only  and  posthumous 
Bon  of  the  late  Major-Gen.  Sir  Willitiiu 
PoBionby,  K.B.  (who  waa  killed  at  the 
Iraad  of  hit  regiment  on  the  field  of 
Waterloo),  by  the  Hon.  Georgiana  Fitxroy, 
sixth  daughter  of  Churl es,  first  Lord 
Southampton,  and  was  bom  at  Hampslead, 
Middlesex,  February  6th,  1816.  He  suc- 
ceeded to  the  title  ou  the  death  of  hii 
uncle,  John,  second  haroit  (who  had  been 
raised,  in  1S39,  Iq  a  viscoantcy,  which 
expired  at  hia  deoeaae),  in  February,  1855, 
and  bad  lived  chiefly  abroad  since  that 
date.  In  185 1  lie  married  Madetnoidelle 
Maria  Theresa  Duerbeck,  of  Munich,  but 
haa  left  no  issue  hy  her.  The  fint  Lord 
R»uaoabyj  who  waa  for  aome  lime  Speaker 


of  the  House  of  Commons  of  Ireland,  was 
a  son  of  the  Right  Hon.  Jolm  Ponsrnby, 
great  uncle  of  the  present  Earl  of  Ikaa- 
bort-ugh»  '11  le  heail  of  the  Ponsouby  fa- 
mily, however,  we  believe,  is  Mr.  Miles 
Ponsonby,  of  Hale-ball,  Cumberland.  The 
Pousonhys  claim  descant  from  an  ancient 
family  of  that  name  in  Picardy,  who  came 
over  with  the  Conqueror,  and  were  esta- 
blished! at  Hale  and  at  other  places  in  Cum* 
berland,  where  they  hsive  held  their  jxiai- 
tion  to  the  present  day;  and  they  now 
hold  no  less  than  three  coronets,  vlf.,  tlioae 
of  Punsonby,  Beaabarough,  and  De  Blan- 
ley.— Xow/o*!  Rifview» 


The  Vfiir.  Archdbacon  Rowas. 

Av^.  12.  At  Belmont,  near  Tralee,  oow 
Kerry,  the  Yen,  Arthur  Blennerhassett 
Rowan,  D.D.,M.R.LA.,  Arel  i  deacon  of  Ard- 
fert,  Rector  of  Kilgohbin  and  Biiliinouher, 
and  Surrogate  of  the  Cousiatorial  Court 
of  Ardfert  and  Aghailoe. 

Dr.  Rowan  was  tlio  only  son  of  the 
late  Willinm  Rowan,  Ei^q.,  Barrister-at- 
law,  foniierly  of  ^Vrabella,  co.  Kerry,  for 
many  yearj*  Provost  of  Tralee,  hy  Letitia, 
daughter  of  the  bte  Sir  Barry  Denny, 
Bart^  of  Tralee  Oastle. 

During  the  greater  part  of  his  career 
Dr,  Rowan  was  Curate  of  Blermcrvilh*, 
where  he  officiated  with  great  popularity 
for  more  than  thirty  years.  He  wjis  first 
promoted  by  the  Bishop  of  Liuaerick,  about 
the  year  1854,  to  the  Rectory  of  Kilgoh- 
bin ;  to  which  the  Archdottc«jnry  of  Ardfert 
was  added  by  an  Ordir  in  Council,  at  the 
desire  of  the  present  bishop,  March  31, 
1856.  He  received  the  degree  of  D.D. 
from  Trinity  College.  DubUn,  alx>ut  ten 
years  ago.  He  was  at  one  time  Provost, 
and  afterwards  Recorder,  of  Tralee.  At 
the  time  of  his  d«»tb  he  was  filling  the 
offices  of  Treasurer  of  the  County  In  fir* 
mary  and  Chairman  of  the  Canal  Com- 
inlsaioners* 

Dr.  Rowan  was  as  enei^etic  in  the  pulpit 
as  he  was  indefutigable  in  the  private  mi- 
niatrations  of  h's  clerical  office,  and  in  all 
the  works  of  active  benevolence  and  public 
usefulneas.  Though  in  early  days  a  strong 
partiaan  an  the  Cooaervative  aide  of  poUticSi 


566       Ven.  Archdeacon  Rowan. —  Wm.  Lyon  Mackenzie*      [Not. 


be  acquired  the  cordial  esteem  of  many 
leading  men  of  the  contrary  persnasion, 
among  whom  were  the  late  Dean  M'Ennery 
and  John  O'Connell  of  Grenagh. 

In  literature  he  deroted  his  talents 
both  to  divinity  and  to  history;  parti* 
cnlarly  to  the  history  of  the  county  of 
Kerry.  The  following  is  a  list  of  his 
publications : — 

"Letters  from  Oxford  in  1843:  with 
Notes,  by  Jgnotus."     Dublin,  1843,  8to. 

"Romanism  in  the  Church,  Illastrated 
by  the  Case  of  the  Rev.  £.  G.  Browne, 
as  stated  in  the  Letters  of  Dr.  Pusey  and 
A.  B.  R."    London,  1847,  8vo. 

**  Newman's  Popular  Fallacies  consi* 
dered  in  Six  Lectures:  reprinted,  with 
Introduction  and  Notes,  from  the  'Spec- 
tator' Journal."    Dublin,  1852,  8vo. 

^  Lake  Lore :  or,  an  Antiquarian  Guide 
to  some  of  the  Ruins  and  Recollections  of 
KUlamey."    Dublin,  1853, 12mo. 

"  Moore  Macintosh's  Firat  Fruits  of  an 
Early-Gathered  Harvest.  Twelve  Ser- 
mons, with  an  Introductory  Memoir." 
DubUn,  1854,  8vo. 

"Casuistry  and  Conscience.  Two  Dis- 
courses on  Romans  xiv.  23."  Dublin, 
1854,  8vo. 

"  Gleanings  after  the  Grand  Tourists." 
London,  1856,  8vo. 

**  Memorials  of  the  Case  of  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Dublin,  in  1686."  Dublin,  1858, 
8vo. 

<<The  Life  of  the  Blessed  Franco,  ex- 
tracted and  Englished  from  a  verie  an- 
ciente  Chronicle  of  the  monastery  of  Vil- 
lare  in  Brabant,  Latin  and  English." 
Dublin,  1858,  8vo. 

**  The  Old  Countesse  of  Desmonde :  her 
Identitie ;  her  Portraiture ;  her  Descente. 
With  Photographic  Portrait  and  Gene- 
alogical Tables."  Dublin,  1860,  small  4to. 

(A  reply  to  this  Essay  has  just  appeared 
in  the  pages  of  the  Proceedings  of  the 
Royal  Irish  Academy,  under  the  title  of 
"The  Old  Countess  of  Desmond:  an  In- 
quiry,  Did  she  ever  seek  redress  at  the 
court  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  as  recorded  in 
the  Journal  of  Robert  Sydney,  Earl  of 
Leycester?  and.  Did  she  ever  sit  for 
her  Portrait?  By  Richard  Sainthill,  of 
Topaham,  Devon,"  and  of  Cork.) 


Also  the  following,  of  which  we  do  nol 
know  the  dates : — 

"The  Huguenot  and  the  Irish  Bri« 
gade-er." 

"  Report  of  an  Ogham  Monnment  lately 
discovered  on  the  Site  of  the  l^rst  Battle 
recorded  as  having  been  fought  by  the 
Milesians  in  Ireland." 

"  Spare  Minutes  of  a  Miniater."  A  ecd* 
lection  of  small  poems. 

Dr.  Rowan  communicated  eeveral  vala* 
able  articles  to  the  Gbntlskah'b  Maoa- 
znrE,  and  we  must  particularly  recognise 
"Some  Historic  Doubts  respecting  the 
Massacre  at  Fort  del  Ore,  on  Smerwick 
Harbour,  co.  Kerry,  a.d.  1580,"  printed  in 
bur  Magazine  for  June,  1849;  and  "The 
Case  of  Sir  Piers  Croebie,  Bart^  a  chapter 
in  the  Life  of  the  Earl  of  Strafford,"  in 
our  numbers  for  October,  November^  and 
December,  1854. 

He  had  in  preparation  an  extensiTe 
work  upon  the  history  of  that  able  bat 
arbitrary  viceroy;  and  also  a  Hiatory  of 
Kerry. 

Latterly  his  well-known  iniUals  had 
very  frequently  appeared  in  the  pages  of 
"Notes  and  Queries,"  evincing  his  constant 
attention  to  matters  of  religiona  and  his- 
torical interest,  particularly  in  connection 
with  Ireland. 

Dr.  Rowan  has  left  two  sons,  Oapt. 
William  Rowan,  of  the  Kerry  Militia,  and 
Arthur  Edward  Denny  Rowan,  and  three 
daughters.  His  body  was  interred  in  the 
family  vault  in  Ballyseedy  churchyard. 


WnxiAK  Lxoy  Macxxvzis. 

Avff,  28.  At  Toronto,  aged  66,  William 
Lyon  Mackenzie,  a  man  intimately  con- 
nected with  the  history  of  Canada  for  the 
last  thirty  years. 

The  deceased  was  bom  at  Dnndeei,  in 
Scotland,  in  the  year  1794,  and  was  by 
his  mother  trained  up  in  the  most  rigid 
tenets  of  Calvinism,  to  which  he  after- 
wards added  democratic  doctrines  of  the 
wildest  description.  His  occupation  ori- 
ginally was  that  of  a  weaver,  but  about 
the  year  1825  he  emigrated  to  Canada, 
where  he  aoon  became  connected  with  the 
press,  and  as  he  poMeseed  oonaiderable- 


1861.] 


Obitcaey. — fl^lliam  Lyon  Mackenzie. 


567 


the 

|0U] 


oatiuml  talenti  and  euUivat(Hl  a  fierce  nnd 
jreheinent  etyle  in  denouncing  so-called 
\BCBt  be  »oou  became  a  popular  favourite, 
d  eventually  was  clioiieQ  n  njerabcr  of 
Ibe  Colonial  Lejfitslalure.  He  was  ouc 
of  the  prim€  leaders  in  tlie  dlsturbance« 
which  long  agitated  the  colony,  and  after 
having  taken  up  arms,  and  nearly  in* 
volviug  England  and  the  United  States 
in  WOT,  ha  lived  to  return  to  Canada, 
re«UDie  hi»  place  in  the  Legialature,  and 
die  repotted  by  at  least  a  piU-t  of  Ua 
population.  The  "Toronto  Globe/*  a  newg- 
paper  of  standing  in  the  country,  thna 
speaks  of  him  :— 

"Late  hist  nigbt  Mr.  Willifun  L>oii 
Mackenzie  breathed  bio  laat,  in  his  home 
in  Hond -street,  in  tbis  city.  A  man  of 
very  grent,  thuugb  sometimes  misdirectcil, 
ability  and  t'ncrpjj',  he  pbiyed  a  great  part 
In  bi»  iidopteil  country,  and  oxertt^  a  very 
importiiTit  iufluenoe  over  its  material  and 
poUtical  interests.  No  history  of  C&Didft 
can  be  complete  in  which  bis  name  does 
not  occupy  a  eonspicnous,  and  we  must 
add,  notwithstanding  his  errors,  an  honotu-> 
able  position.  Whatever  may  have  been 
the  means  be  employed,  his  aims  were 
honest  and  public  spirited.  He  was  no 
money  hunter,  he  was  the  frieud  of  pu- 
rity and  economy  in  the  admiui»(t ration  of 
ptiblic  affairs.  Let  no  man  who  values 
the  politiail  freedom  and  enlightenment 
enjoy  fail  to  give  a  meed  of  praise  to 
whottniygled  for  long  years  amidst 
lonnous  difllculties  to  secure  for  his 
lUntry  a  free  constitution  and  an  efficient 
'•dministratioQ  of  its  affairs.     .     .     . 

"A  volume  would  be  ret[uired  to  give 
in  detail  the  years  of  Mr.  Mackenzie's 
career  which  resulted  in  the  rebel  lion  of 
1837.  It  IS  said  that  he  bss  preiu&rod  an 
autobiography  for  publication,  which  will 
doubtless  record  more  fully  tLian  has  been 
hitlierto  done  the  incidents  of  the  most 
im^xirtant  and  interesting  event  of  his 
lite.  The  unwarranted  exerdao  of  the 
prerogative  In  the  establishment  of  the 
fifty-seven  rectories  by  Sir  John  Colborne, 
— the  pcTwistt^nce  of  the  rtjiresentatives  of 
the  Colonial  Office  in  refusing  to  the  people 
the  oouLroI  of  their  own  affairs, — the  gross 
interfirtiK-c  of  Sir  Frauds  Head  in  the 
elections  of  1S36,  which  among  other 
revolt*  produced  Mr,  Mackciutie's  defeiit 
in  the  ccmnty  of  York,  ultimately  led  to 
the  rel)ellion  of  1837,  Mr.  Mackenzie 
a  few  montlis  before  had  resumed  his 
labours  on  the  pri'Sf»,  by  comtDencuig  the 
publicaUoa  of  the  '  ConstJUitioii-*    In  Diy 


cemlMjr,  1837.  he  dropped  the  pen  to  take 
up  the  sword,  and  with  a  few  honest  but 
misguided  followers  apix»ared  in  urmB  on 
Yonge^fltrect,  within  a  few  miles  of  To- 
ronto, So  great  was  the  consternation 
createil  by  this  movement,  that  if  the 
iuiall  band  of  rebels  had  mnrched  ui>on 
the  city,  the  general  belief  is  that  it 
wotild  have  become  an  easy  prey-  Mr. 
Mackenzie's  followers  probably  lacked 
resolution  for  the  part  they  had  under- 
taken. The  golden  moment  passed  by, 
the  Government  recovered  their  conmge, 
and  the  lo^aliiits  flocked  into  the  city  and 
placed  Sir  Francis  Head  in  a  position 
U}  iis^ume  the  offensive.  The  insurgents 
tied  without  striking  a  blow,  and  Mr* 
Mackenzie  made  the  best  of  his  way  to 
the  Niagara  frontier.  He  has  recounted 
his  hair»breadth  escapes  in  a  narrative, 
which  was  rend  with  great  interest  by 
tbosa  who  had  been  familiar  with  the 
events  connected  with  the  rebellion.  He 
crossed  the  lines  in  Bafety,  and  entered 
upon  a  scries  of  altogether  unjustiliable 
operations,  in  ctmnection  with  Araericm 
sympathies^  which,  however,  produced  not 
the  alightest  effect  upon  the  now  welU 
established  power  of  the  Government. 
A  force  of  a  thousand  men  was  kept  up 
for  some  monthi  on  Xuvy  Island  on  the 
Niagara  Kiver.  The  disturbances  they 
crwited  on  the  frontier  and  the  burning 
of  the  'Caroline'  pnxluced  the  strongcsfc 
feelings  of  hostility  between  the  people  of 
New  York  and  Canada,  and  It  was  only 
by  the  strenmoos  exertion  a  of  General 
Scott,  who  was  despatched  from  Washing- 
ton fts  CororaandcT'in'Chicf,  that  peaco 
was  preserved.  Mr.  Mackenzie  wab  tried 
in  Uoch ester  in  1B3B,  lor  a  breach  of  the 
neutrality  laws,  find  being  convictetl,  was 
im^jfisoned  in  Kocbester  gaol  for  twelve 
mouths.    .     .     , 

*'  ThoRO  who  have  known  Mr.  Mackenzie 
as  a  writer  and  reporter,  and  a  speaker,  in 
his  later  years  only,  can  form  no  idea  of 
hM  power  in  his  youtiger  days.  Singular 
to  any,  agt;  appeared  to  make  his  thoughts 
and  words  more  hasty  and  careless  than 
they  were  in  youth.  His  earlier  comjjosi* 
tiouB  display  a  tuji^te  and  skill  which  were 
not  apparent  of  late.  He  was  at  all  times 
a  man  of  impnlse,  prompt  in  action »  full 
of  courage  and  fire*  No  danger  could 
deter  him  irom  the  accompli »hnient  of  his 
di'signs ;  hh  courage  commanded  the  ad* 
miration  of  his  bitterest  ememies.  In  the 
early  struggles  of  the  people  of  Upper 
Canada  for  the  privileges  of  Belf-govcrn- 
ment  Mr,  Mackenzie's  services  were  in* 
valuable :  and  though  he  eomraitt«d  a 
grievoQi  error  in  exciting  the  people  to 


T/^A 


CjzrrzAmr. — CharleM  Edward  Lrjug,  Eiq, 


rXofr. 


r*'->'.r.fl.  If:  mift  v»  ••^,ri*<*^  -has  In- 

Ir  T.  y^r,  hai*  '•■.<*^'^.  3ri>.t»*i  "wir  !:.•■. n*.  •!".* 
r-'--*'i.>,n.  "-.ir  *r>  r='''.*'i.'.-.r.  z:iir.«»fl  ■•.    Mr. 

v,  *r..>  «»r'.T  ^•r"'if»r»  x  >.?»  -,f  *r:,r.r,»r.T 
a.-i!  •'.•'.r.ri  pr'.r.r.:- ..*  :n  •.-.•>  ji*i.-.-.:n!.'*rnri*'.o 
',f  ii'Tilr*.  x'-.>r.  h.n  "'r.rr.t*  :*^  f-:!**  :ri 
♦h*;  it^.-.riuJy  vir.*»^*ir.  'Y  '-i*  p*'^.'*  '■?'  ^'r.*"*r 
^'.ir.ariA  Vj  *.?.***•»  v'rtcr^.   a! :?:•.•*!?'.    r'-.^-y 

*V.*,r.  ,Y.any  'a:;!**,  Mr.  MarkKnzi*  :*  rjcrr.e 
in  afr^-^i'/T.ar*-  .ir.il  aTsf*^^^'.  r- -nj^rr. ''nr.r»s 
V/  ^.^T.dr•^!•,  •<:  mi^rht  *:»7  th.-.n*»n«l*.  of 
tr.*r  }^,r*^.  y*f^Aury  r,f  L'pp^T  C«r.aiii, 
w^ji'*  rp<^li  i.iii  •mtIv  laVnr^  rn  tii^r  ri«k- 
haK,  nnd  >*^r  wl.ilny  t^^tlmony  that  he 
tkt^*^  t/^ik  part  in  A  y/rt,  and  r.'ivfT  ad- 
T<'X';«f>rI  a  TTi^^a^nre  whirh  h^r  di-i  no*:  >^- 
li^rv*;  t/#  ^l<s  for  th*:  pTibl;c  T'xA.  Their 
Tf^/itTfl  fftT  him  M  hiii  (>^t  mr^nam^nt." 


S^f.  2.'.  At  th<^  r»rd  Ward«i  Hotel, 
JkAftr,  (f,Ti  \xU  ffttnm  fr^m  HombTxrjr,) 
a^fffl  0'%,  CliarlfcA  I'Mwarfl  Jyintr,  Fw}^  M.A. 

}At.  J>/ri(f  «»M  h^im  at  J{<niham-fiarky 
IU-rk*hir^  r>n  the  2Sth  of  July,  170f5.  He 
WA^  ft  j(ranrW>n  of  f^lward  I/)njr,  H«q., 
JiM$(«;  of  thr  AHmiralty  Court  in  Jamaica, 
and  the  hiNt/>rian  of  that  inland ;  beings 
tlif;  (-IflfT  and  only  KiirTivintr  (ion  of  Charlfrt 
\\M-VfttrA  l/mg;,  Vmi\.,  <A  I<Angl«?y-hall, 
IWkd.,  who  difil  in  ISTW*,  by  Franccii- 
Monro,  the  daii^ht/sr  and  heir  of  Lncias 
Tiir-ker,  f>u|.,of  Norfolk -fltrifet,  F'ark-kne. 

He  wan  Mlueatifl  at  Harrr^w  School, 
under  the  tuition  of  J)r.  Hutler,  the  late 
\U*M\  of  l*«rt.«Tliorough ;  and  at  Trinity 
(VilU'jfe,  ('iitnhrid^e,  where  he  gnined  a 
DeHaniation  pri?^;,  and  in  1818  won  the 
(.Imnefllor'ii  gr»ld  infMhil  for  Kngliflh  vcme 
-  wihj^Tt  "  iCoine."  lie  graduated  H.A. 
IHHI,  M.A.  IH'^2.  With  Harrow  and  iU 
conwTna  he  alwayii  maintained  a  friendly 
rctatioiiNhip.  He  materially  aiwiHtcd  the 
latrt  I>r.  HutlfT  in  hin  biographical  noteii 
t«>  the  LiiitN  of  Harrr)w  Scholara,  and 
during  the  laat  year  we  have  obMjrved 
\\\%  rcHrareiMM  into  the  hiiitory  of  the 
founder  John  J.yon  in  the  columns  of  the 
" Harrow  (Jawtte." 


•  Hce  Oknt.  If  au.,  N.8.  Ti.  p.  100. 

la 


Mr.  Ij-tjz  ▼■»  raneh  irraclied  m  beraliirT 
and  j»ni»alf-.g7 :  lai  hi*  .??:nnert*i:n  with 
the  r.Kaii-:iArvr»  rf  "hrjws  4CatL«». — th* 
Iat.»  r^-ri  H.»Txrj  M:i77ie«x  Hrward, 
Di»7.'rry  Eari  M^TAhaL  h^iTiiur  nMrried  h** 
a::r.". — aive  aim  aa  irL^r>iia*.'tii?a  that  wi« 
p <»<•.?;;  ari^  j'lnstAr?ri3!i.  asd  which  hi* 
cwr.  :r.V:'.lj»r.trii  ani  irc«i  ^lae.  ;iCvoiB- 
piir.:>»<i  ry  Trrr  azr^earfi«  manners  dii 
T.I.K  f*!!  Vj  :mpn:Te.  Kla  TeaeArehei  were 
siaii>t  «:*h  jrnat  taA«  ami  peneveranee, 
and  with  a  ^e^ere  n^^arl  for  tnxth.  HI« 
own  liescent  sare  iiim  tome  pennoal 
inrerest  In  «?u-h  inTe<ir*ti«w»;  fcr  h:« 
great-^rar-dfather,  Samn*!  Looj^,  Eiq., 
eldi>«t  «r.n  of  <,Mrle«  Lon;r,  Eiq.,  31  J*, 
of  Harti-KalL  Saffolk,  had  married  Marr, 
serond  liaruhter  of  Bartholomew  Tat«, 
Y.M\^  of  Delapr^  Ai>>»T,  Northampton- 
alt  ire,  and  aUter  (and  at  Ieng;th  co-heir) 
of  Bartholomew  Tate,  E«q^  a  co-heir  to 
the  Ijaronies  of  Zoncfae  of  Harin^worth, 
St.  Manr,  and  Lorell  of  Carr. 

I>nrngr  many  years  Mr.  Lon^  was  a 
frequent  correspondrnt  of  the  Gk^ttu- 
XA5'9  Magazi^tk.  Among  his  more  im- 
portant comraonications  may  be  specified 
a  memoir  of  Sir  Henry  Morgan,  Lient.- 
G^^remor  of  Jamaica,  cnmmonlj  called 
"  The  Buccaneer,"  in  Febroary  and  March 
1832;  monuments  of  the  Long  fiamily  at 
Wraiall  and  Draycot  Ceme,  li\llts^  with 
a  plate,  in  June  1835 ;  an  investigation  of 
the  manner  in  which  the  various  branches 
of  the  Howard  family  have  borne  tbeir 
crest,  in  Feb.  1819,  (under  the  ngnatore 
of  lilanche  Croix);  and  a  series  of  the 
Snz^  Quarfien  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  James 
the  First,  Edward  the  Sixth,  and  Qneen 
Anne.  (Those  of  Algernon  Sidney,  and 
William,  first  Duke  of  Bedford,  are  given 
in  the  preface  to  his  "Royal  Descents" 
hereafter  mentioned.)  He  also  commn- 
nicated  five  letti'rs  of  Alexander  Pope  to 
rmr  Magazine  for  August  1819;  and  from 
time  to  time  many  other  interesting  on* 
ginal  documents. 

To  the  Collectanea  Topographiea  el 
Oenealoglca,  Mr.  Jjong  communicated 
two  rolls  of  anns,  that  of  the  tourna- 
ment at  Stepney,  2  Edw.  II.,  and  that 
of  the  toumament  at  Dunstable,  7  Edw. 
III. ;  the  voluminous  papers  relatiTe  to  the 


1861.]       Chat.  Edw.  Long,  Esq.— Captain  Wesl,  R.N. 


569 


disputed  relatioDship  of  Wlckham  of  Swal- 
cliffe  to  the  founder  of  New  College  ;  and 
a  series  of  HampBhire  Charcli^noteft,  tAken 
by  himfteU;  relating  to  Aldersbot*  Bnaini^, 
Hentley,  Binsted*  Cliddesden,  CrondiiU, 
r>ogroerafield,  Elvetham,  Everslej,  Farley 
Wallop,  Proyle.  Sherboumo  St.  John, 
Long  Sutton,  Tichfield,  Wamborough, 
Winchfield,  and  Yately.  These  were  con- 
tinued in  "  The  Topographer  and  Geneato- 
gist"  for  the  cborchea  of  Burghclere, 
Highclere,  Fy field,  and  Thrnxton. 

Mr.  Long  also  took  a  conBiderable  in- 
terott  in  the  history  of  Wiltshire,  and 
wii  an  earuest  promoter  of  the  objects  of 
the  Archaeologic^  Society  for  that  county* 
He  contributed  to  iti  Magazine  in  1856 
the  "  Descent  of  the  Munor  of  Drayoot* 
Ccme/'  with  a  pedigree  of  Cerne  and 
Henng ;  and  subsequently  foar  successive 
articles  on  the  biography  and  adveutures 
of  •*  Wild  Darell"  of  Littlecote.  He  aUo 
procnre<l  fi>r  the  same  publication,  from 
the  Duchy  of  Lancaster  Office,  a  survey 
of  sevenral  manors  in  the  county  of  Wilts, 
Ump,  Elizabeth. 

8evenil  of  his  communications  will  also 
be  found  in  the  Journal  of  the  ArehaK>ki- 
al  Institute ;  and  many  in  "  Notes  and 
leriea," 

We  have  mentioned  first  these  several 

ntrihutions  to  periodic4d  works;  but  our 

friend  had   also  a[}peared  more 

9  an  author.     Hia  name  wns 

on  the  titl^-pages  of  two  impor- 

nt  pamphlets   publiahL'd   in   1832   and 

[1833  in  rebtion  to  Colonel  Napier's  "  His- 

"tory  of  the  Peninsular  War,**  and  written 

in  defence  of  the  military  conduct  of  his 

aade,  Lieutenant-General  Robert  Baikrd 

Long,  in  the  campaign  of  1811. 

In  1845  he  compiled  with  great  care, 
|snd  with  the  aasii^tance  of  the  present 
(to  whom  it  waf  dedicated,)  and 
firiends  at  the  College  of  Arms,  a 
dmne  entitled  "  Royal  Deaoooti :  a  6e- 
^ical  List  of  the  several  PerBOns  en- 
tttled  to  Quarter  the  Arms  of  the  Royal 
I  of  England."  This  work,  though 
confined  to  shewing  those  who  had  a  ro- 
prf!Scntation  of  royal  blood,  was  welcomed 
fith  much  approval  by  all  students  of 
l^enealogy ;  and  wai  immediately  imitated 
QlMX.  Maa.  Yol.  CCXL 


by  the  present  Ulafcer,  Sir  Bernard  Bnrke, 
in  a  lai^er  work^  in  which  he  launched 
forth  on  the  wider  field  of  mere  descent 
from  royalty. 

In  1859  Mr.  Long  edited  for  the  Cam- 
den  Society  the  *'  Diary  of  the  Marches  of 
the  li<jyal  Army  during  the  Great  Civil 
Wans;  k^pt  by  Richard  Symonda.  From 
the  Original  MSS.  in  the  Bntisih  Mu- 
seum," a  work  valuable  for  its  historic^tl 
data,  but  more  particularly  for  its  church 
notes  and  heraldic  memoranda^ 

Mr,  Long  woa  characteriaed  by  a  cheer- 
ful and  genud  temper,  ever  raunif eating 
itself  in  courtedea  and  kindnesses  which 
endeared  him  to  a  wide  circle  of  friends 
and  to  many  in  a  harabler  sphere  of  lif*/. 
His  residence  was  nsualily  in  London, 
where  he  mixed  sufficiently  with  the 
world  to  mitintaiu  an  interest  in  the 
fiolitics  of  the  WTiig  party,  to  which  he 
was  attached,  and  bo  acquire  all  the  in* 
forunation  carreut  in  the  best  society  y 
and  the  extent  of  his  information  derived 
bwth  from  men  and  books  made  his  con- 
versiitiou  as  agreeable  aa  his  manners  wore 
ingratiating .  Ho  was  unmarried,  but  hiia 
left  two  sistera,  of  whom  one  (Mrs,  Duviglns) 
is  married. 

Hb  cousin,  Henry  Lawca  Long,  E«q.,  of 
Homp  ton -lodge,  Surrey,  who  was  with  him 
during  the  last  fortuight  at  Dover,  is  lift 
his  executor;  and  hb  body  was  intcrreil, 
by  hia  own  deoire,  in  the  churchyard  of 
Seale,  in  that  county. 


Caftain  Wkst,  R.N* 

Oct.  5.  At  his  residence,  Jesmond,  near 
Newcastle-uponTj  ne,  age<l  7i,  Captuiu 
Henry  West,  R,N.,  one  of  H.M.'«  Juslicef 
of  the  Peace  for  that  borough. 

This  gallant  officer  was  the  second  son 
of  the  liev,  Edward  Matthew  West,  Vicar 
of  Bradford-Abbas  with  Clifton- May  hank, 
and  Haydon,  both  in  Dorsetahire,  by  Ann*v 
daagbter  of  the  llev.  Edward  Cotes,  Vicar 
of  Sherborne  and  Rector  of  Bishop's 
Caundle,  in  the  same  county.  He  entered 
the  Royal  Navy  in  May.  1801,  aa  mid- 
shipman, ou  board  the  ^*  Resistance,"  oom^ 
manded  by  his  relative  Captain  (after* 
wards  iSir  Hcury)  IHgby,  and  deatinod  to 
8z* 


670 


Captain  West,  R.N. — Clerffij  Deceaaed, 


fNoT. 


\ 


North  America,  ood  coiitinmHi  in  that 
ship  until  she  wiia  wT<!cked  off  Cape  St* 
Vincent,  on  her  wny  to  the  Mediteniinettru 
Mtiy  31»  1803.  He  afterwarda  served  in 
the  "Victory"  the  "Amphion,"  the 
•*  Africa,"  and  the  "  Lavinia*"  Tho  «  Am- 
phion**  formod  part  of  the  aqtmdron  nnd^r 
Captnin  (afterwurda  Sir  GmhaiD)  Moore 
at  the  capture  of  three  Spanish  frigates; 
laden  with  treasnro,  and  the  destruction 
of  their  ooDsort,  "La  MeiTtdes,"  off  Cnpe 
St.  Mary,  Oct  6,  1804.  Next  year  riie 
■ooompaniod  Lord  Nelson  to  the  West 
Indiea,  in  pursuit  of  the  combined  fleeta 
of  France  and  Spain.  The  "  Atricii"  boM 
a  part  In  the  hattle  of  Trafalgar,  npon 
which  occaiton  Mr.  West,  then  muster*! 
mate,  had  charge  of  the  signal  department, 
Mid  WHS  seTcrely  wonnded  In  1807,  when 
in  charge  of  a  prize  captured  by  the 
^'Irftvinia,"  he  was  taken  prisoner  by  a 
Spiinish  corvette  off  Ushant,  and  remained 
a  prieoniT  at  Biiboa  and  St.  Sebastian, 
until  tbe  Frcueb  took  possession  of  the 
hitter  city  on  the  abdication  of  Charles 
IV.,  when  he  made  his  escape  to  St.  An- 
dcro,  and  was  aent  home  by  tbe  British 
Constd-General  with  despatches  from  the 
Junta  of  Oviedo  to  Mr.  Canning,  then 
Secretary  of  State  for  Foreign  Affairs,  by 
whom  he  waa  afterwards  employed  ou  a 
mission  to  Cornnna.  His  first  commis- 
flion,  appointing  him  lieutenant  of  the 
•♦  Merope"  sloop,  bears  date  Aug.  16, 1808. 
Next  year  he  rejoined  the  **  Ltinrinia,**  of 
which  he  w«s  third  lieutenant,  at  the  re* 
duction  of  Walcbcrcn,  in  Angnst,  1809. 
On  April  24,  1813,  he  was  appointed  ftrst 
Kentenant  of  the  *•  Jaecur."  (Cupt.  O.  E. 
Wattsi,)  then  recently  InutKhed,  and  des- 
tined to  North  America*  The  "  Jaseur's" 
first  croiae  waa  off  the  DeUw^re,  where 
she  captured  several  of  the  enemy's  vcs- 
■ela.  She  waa  afterwards  employed  in  the 
Chesapeake,  when  Lieatenant  West,  in  a 
boat  containing  only  sli  men  btsaidea  him* 
self,  captrtred  and  brottghtont  from  under 
n  battery  the  American  privateer  '^Gre- 
dan,''  monutiug  four  oarriage  gutts  and 
five  swivels,  with  a  oomplumcnt  of  twenty- 
•even  miyn.  For  this  service,  by  which  a 
ilne  Hchoooer  pierced  for  twenty  gunti  was 
ndded  to  the   British  uavy»  Lieuteuaat 


West  recctvcd  a  letter  of  tJmtika  5^qrii 
Vice*  Admiral  Sir  A,  J*  Cotthraiie, 

From  1816  to  1S31  LieutcnaM  Wcsi 
was  untnnptoycd,  but  in  Fehmarj  ot  titt 
latter  year  he  waa  appointed  firBfc  Ilaitc^ 
nsnt  of  the  ''W^indaor  Castle.**  deaHned 
^or  the  Tfigns ;  and  on  the  2dib  of  Jmc^ 
after  the  ship  was  paid  off,  wm  prmniitcd 
to  the  rank  of  comm&nder*  He  Attaint 
the  rank  of  post  captain  on  April  I. 
1856,  when  he  was  placed  on  th«e  rvLxred 
lUt. 

Captain  West  for  nearly  forty  yran  r«- 
aided  at  Jesmond,  where  bo  devot«d  mach 
time  and  attention  to  liorUcultmml  poi^ 
suits,  and  might  justly  be  proad  of  lua 
garden,  for  almost  the  whole  year  rotmd 
it  was  the  admiration  of  aQ  visitonu  Hi 
was  also  for  a  length  of  time  nn  aetiw 
magistrate  in  the  populous  town  of  New- 
castle, until  tailing  health  obliged  bim  to 
relinquish  his  attendance  on  the  Bench. 
Uts  honourable  and  upright  bearings  coi»- 
ciliatcd  general  esteem,  whilst  hia  gexith>> 
manly  demeanour  and  urbanity  of  di«» 
position  won  for  him  the  attachuaftut  of  a 
large  circle  of  friends.  He  was  twice 
married  :  \uu  first  wife  wns  his  coucia  Let* 
tice,  daughter  of  the  liev.  Henry  Cotv^ 
Viciir  of  Bed  ling  ton,  by  whom  he  Ittvrta 
Issue  one  sou,  Henry,  a  coiouia ruler  In 
the  Royal  Navy,  and  onednughter,  Frajioei 
Anne ;  his  second  wife  was  Frances  Anne 
Uussey,  daughter  of  Samuel  Huthwaite, 
Esq.,  of  Hartley -lfMlg«,  Northumborland* 
by  Frances  his  wife,  daughter  of  Sir  F>  Bl 
Delaval,  K.B. 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

Auff.  12.    At  Belmont,  Tr%1«f,  the  Vcn.  i 
deactin  Houmn,    S«r  Oiurt'ASV. 

Ai*jf.U.    At  Bottib»y,  liftd  SU  the  R»v. 
Grttn^  M.A.,  MlMtlonarf  sad  ScvreUr)^  of  1^  ' 
Society  for  tb^  l*rnr''J?^t*oB  of  tlw?  CKupel  la 
F(»n*i{ra  Part^.  ef  c*f  trmlty  Olapcl, 

BoDib»y,  seen ;  ILrr,  WUtliun  OrvcD» 

Vicar  of  ^tdcpik  „,*.,..,  ^uou. 

Au9.  ift.  Al  m.  KUL\  Weiit  Xo4la^  afsd  U, 
the  Ven.  Arcb4ia«Ni  l\i/re. 

Sffit,  7.  At  C«ton-gTC«n,  Lsa^atter,  ag«HS  97, 
IHs  Iter.  WitH»m  Umdim^r,  M.A-.  BcttSf  df 
HnchfnrU,  F.IWCX* 

,srpu  ir.  AlColwyn,  »«*h1  i2,  thn  lUv,  Arttu^ 
Jinrtitau^  ul  iIiL  liHi  la-.  \Vc«t  Ut^by, 

At  ti  unasU,  ]t«laad«  ; 


1831.] 


Clergy  Deceased. 


571 


SfpL  lir.  At  CUrtcm,  neftT  Briitol,  afed  »« 
the  Eer.  ^^(^Jlar<f  Tho»,  Palmfr,  ion  ofBir  J.  IL 
Piilmer,  btrt.t  of  Cftr)too^pk.»  Noribantik 

At  Cbthua-rcud,  Brlftol,  ugeA  6!l»  tte  Eir. 
^.  X>«»NaK  A.M.,  late  laeumbent  of  Felbrldtfa, 
Bumf, 

StpL  H.  At  Gouleebf  Vieariirf ,  LuiedlBftblre, 
■fed  03,  tb«  Bttr.  John  Spofbrtk  ScholJUtd, 
eldest  Mti  of  the  late  William  Bchoifleldf  esq.,  of 
6KDd-hall«  Uowdcn,  Torkshira. 

Al  Ambcrley,  0l0Qee^tcr»blr«,  tbe  E«t.  Qtorg§ 

Srpt  25,  At  Boston,  aired  65,  ibe  Re?.  Bickard 
CitninfftuH. 

atpU  Sa.  At  aSdmouth,  «8«d  40,  th«  Bev./aAn 
ANrtf,  tot*  luoiimbrat  of  Slretton,  Staffordshira. 

At  Bognor,  fiti»ez,  tbe  Rcr,  Luke  Jonet,  M.A. 

S0pU  27.  Al  FoIkfBtone,  &(r«d  M,  tbe  Biev. 
7\iM9«Ay  Fy*A  F&ord'Bowet,  D.D.,  Rcotor  of 
Barton-tn-tbcClay,  ChAplada  to  tbe  CtQeen,  and 
Ivputf'Ckrk  of  tbe  Cloeet  to  bii  late  Majesty 
WlllUai  IV. 

Ar  d  62,  Uw  Rvr.  Hmry  Thomiu  /My,  LL.D., 
Tlear  of  MemUeabam,  Suffolk. 

Stpt.  >ft.  At  Knapton-balt,  mucd  87,  tbe  HeT. 
St^hm  Cbok4',  Vicar  of  Pajilon,  Norfolk. 

Al  Prior*!  Hardwick,  Warwicksbire,  afcd  67, 
tbe  Eev,  jMm0$  Mankhou»0  £H<ttt,  Vicar  of 
Prior's  Hardviek. 

At  Atbentone,  Warwlokaliin,  aged  61,  the 
Ber.  nicKard  mnry  MiUmgttm,  M.A. 

At  Dak-bonk,  WeBton<«aper-'Mai«,  aged  31, 
tbe  Ref.  WiUiam  Htnrif  Priettlt^y^  Curate  of 
Oilcy,  Torksbire. 

Sri^.  29.  At  Aberdonr,  Fife,  tbe  Rer.  Edward 
Ji.  Edgnr,  U.A.,  tbird  and  but  nirrivinjf  Mm  of 
tbe  late  Mileun  Ediar,  eaq.,  of  B«dlloiiae-pk.» 
Bear  Ipavlcb. 

Sfpi.tifi.    At  Harrow-OB-tbe-Hill,  aged  II,  tbe 

Itc?r,  Jtthn  Wittimm  OuHnrnfiham,  M.A.,  for  up- 

wiirdA  uf  fifty  yeans  Vicar  of  Harrow.    Mr.  Con- 

ttfngbntu  was  edacated    at   SLJohnV  College, 

Cambridge,  and  graduated  in  tB02,  being  tbe  fifth 

wrangler,  In  tbe  name  year  with  Dr.  Run  ley.  tate 

Bishop  of  Norwich,  Mr.  Suttoa.  afterwiutln  ibe 

Upoaker  of  the  Houae  of  Commoiu  aod  Lord 

^Ct&lerbury,  and  Dr.  Godfrey,  late  President  of 

Qtt«eni*OoUrge,  Cambridge.  Uavingbeldrariotia 

prefcrmentt  in  the  Chorab,  be  waa  nominated  by 

X^rd   Northwick  to  tbe  rtcarage  of  Hanow, 

Whi^  be  held  op  to  the  tint  of  hla  death.    The 

I'lw.  feotlcman  waa«  thonmf  h  aad  caroeateraii- 

'  teHcal,  «Ad  took  givat  inide  In  the  Cut  that  h« 

had  influeooed  ibe  election  of  tbn«  eeaofelloal 

bead  matf  tera  to  the  maaterabip  of  Hvrow  School 

— namely.  Dr.  Longley,  now  Arcbhtihop  of  Tork  j 

)  Pr.  Vaoghan,  Vioar  of  Dooeaater;  and  Mr.  Bttt- 

ler,  tbe  praamt  head  maatec 

Aged  41,  the  VLrw,  Smrif  Ar«MM<re,  B,A., 
Eector  of  St  Andrew'a,  Hertford. 

Oa.  3.  After  a  Lingering  mneai,  aged  S2,  tbe 
pEev.  Jtfv.  /yieit,  Perpetual  Cuiaie  of  Cringle- 
ftmli  BttZ'  Nofwioh. 

At  Ymim,  LMda,  Mged  65,  tbe  B«r,  /oAn 
M^kmit^m^  Viear  of  Tineley,  Torkahira. 

(M.  i.  At  Charlton,  agvd  87,  the  Ret.  HieUrd 
irVatofi  Immard,  M.A.,  for  more  than  Afty  years 

QUTT.  BiAO,  Vol,  CCXX. 


Vicar  of  Xewbottle,  and  of  King*!  Sutton,  NortJi* 
amptoDibirc. 

Oct.  5.  After  a  few  days'  iUneaa,  aged  30^  tbo 
Eer.  William  /f<»ry  HarU  M.A,,  Demy  of 
Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  and  CbapUdn  to  the 
Hem.  Society  of  Oray*ii  Inn. 

Oct,  6.  At  his  residence,  Fresbford,  fioiner- 
set,  aged  89,  the  Rer.  €,  W.  Saktr^  Rector  of 
TeUUtord. 

At  Bath,  agpd  71,  tbe  Rev.  TT.  Attfitld. 

Oct.  10.  At  ncnstr Ad-ball,  Suifolk,  aged  70, 
the  Rer.  T.  6h*riftt  Rector  or  that  parish. 

Oct,  11.  Tlie  R«T.  Ckmrha  Mordaunt.  for 
apwarda  of  twenty  y««a  Eeetur  of  Bad^worth, 
SomerHt. 

Aged  30,  the  Rev.  £.  F.  Cmp^ndt^le, 

Oct.\2.  At  NrW|>ort  -  Pagnell,  aged  30,  the 
Rev.  Joseph  Wtlham  England^  eldest  son  of  tbe 
late  Rev.  Wiliiam  Henry  Rnglaod,  Rector  of 
EUdsborough,  Bucks, 

Oct.  15.  At  the  Hcetory,  DoHon,  North  Devon, 
aged  85,  tbe  Rev.  William  Kartltik*^  M.A.,  for 
57  years  Rwtor  of  tbe  parUb,  and  for  upwards 
of  40  years  an  active  oiagistrate  lor  tbv  cuuuty. 

At  the  Rectory,  Balpbam,  Cambridgeshire, 
iged  73,  tbe  Rev.  William  Htrhert  Chapman^ 
M.A.,  Rector  of  that  parish,  and  formerly  a 
nuister  of  tbe  ChajterbouRc. 

Oat,  IB.  At  Bury  St,  Edmund's,  aged  62,  tba 
Rcr.  Hrtir^  CVaetf,  34  ycara  Bactor  of  Mellis, 
Sutfotk. 

Oct.  20.  At  Betley,  8taflbrdsbire,  aged  76,  ths 
Rev.  Hmry  Turton^  40  years  Incnmbent  of  tba 
parish,  and  youngest  son  of  tbe  late  John  Ttmon, 
esq.,  of  SugnaJl-halU  in  the  same  county. 

Aged  74.  the  Rev,  William  Lloyd,  Rector  of 
Drajton,  near  Banbury,  and  a  maglatrate  fior  tho 
county  of  Oxford. 

DEATHS. 

ARRAXOEP  nn  CHRONOLOatCAL  ORDKS. 

JuHi  15.  At  Cbri*tcburcb,  Cantcrbtiry,  New 
Zeabmd,  Mary  Anne,  wife  of  Herbert  £.  Alport, 
esq.,  and  niec«  of  Msjor^Oen.  Btr  W.  F.  Wil* 
Uaim,  of  Kara,  K,C.B. 

Jung  11.  At  SImonosaki,  Japan,  aged  37,  while 
in  command  of  H.M.*s  gun-veasel  *"  Leven,"  one 
of  the  squadron  employed  in  aurveying  tba 
Japanese  ooaat,  James  Hawkina  Whltsbed,  Lieut, 
R.N.,  eklc«t  aon  of  Sir  St  Vincent  and  tbe  Hon. 
Lady  Whltahed. 

/liff  IL  At  Tien-Tsln,  North  of  China,  of 
confluent  ensalK^iox,  aggravated  by  the  intenao 
heat.  Captain  George  Tumour  Horton  Atchiaoo, 
H.M.'s  67lh  Regt.,  and  Deputy- Aaalst.  Quarter- 
master-General, Ht  was  tbe  eldest  son  of  Capt. 
Atcbiaoa,  of  Boae-hitl,  Dorking.  Surrey,  and 
was  bora  in  16U.  He  eatcftd  tbe  army  as  •«* 
sign  in  1850,  and  attained  tba  rank  of  captain  in 
1853.  He  had  distinguished  himself  on  sevaral 
occasions  whilst  serving  In  China. 

Jmlf  22.  At  Taku,  North  China,  of  fever,  Sf^ 
II,  lieoL  Henry  Bond,  R,A.,  only  son  of  llvmj 
J.  H.  Bond,  M.D.,  Re^us  Professor  of  Medicine, 
CADibridga. 

July  27.  At  the  Boyal  Observatory,  near  Gap** 

as 


'^y 


672 


OBirrAST. 


[Not. 


imn,Mxrj,wi£9  of  Sir  Tluatts  Madcv.  F.B^ 
AMrcnacMt  Bny^l,  Cap«  of  Gocd  Hope. 

Amf,  12.  At  yuw«rah<d,  of  eb/oiarx,  afcd 
at  Rolwfrt  G«onpe  Smith,  Coract  Jrd  Dn^nqs 
Goardsi.  jormrent  fon  of  Major  Tbamm  Sadxh, 
late  Rtfl«  Brupde. 

Ami/.  22.  At  Xnttra,  flffcd  38,  Uemt.'CcL 
Fndrrirk  Vnrman  fLemnoMiftaa,  C.B^  of  H.X.'s 
B^nffil  Horte  Arril>f7,  onlj  ^arriTim^  ton  of 
th«  Iat«  Cape  Samuel  fUnadngton,  H.E.L  Com- 
p«a 7^4  Maritime  <«rTiee. 

^v^,  24.  At  yniomhad,  of  eholerm,  aired 
7Z,  Fmienek  Coortliope  Irvia,  Lieut,  ia  H.M.'i 
Stch  Reft.,  eUicat  Mm  of  the  late  CoL  Frederick 
Chdlf^j  Inrifl,  K.H. 

At^.  25.  At  MTnpoorce,  of  djientery,  aged 
3S,  R.  Home  Middleaaae,  e«|.,  of  the  Ben^ 
CiTil  S«rTiee,  eldest  wm  of  the  late  R.  Home 
MiddlemaM,  eaq.^  of  SL  Andrev'a-pL,  BefcntV 
park. 

At  KavpCce,  Madnu,  EDcb,  wife  of  J.  Temptc- 
maa  Ma  file,  X.D.,  Saperiatcadiag  Sorgcoa,  Nag- 
pore  Force. 

Amf.  27.  At  Saofor,  Ceatnd  ladia,  afred  S9, 
Walter  Colijahoaa  Gxaa%  enq.,  Capt.  2Bd  Drm- 
gooo  Guards,  Brigade  Major  Saogor  District. 
He  wa«  the  oaly  mmi  of  the  late  CoL  Coiqnhoim 
Grant,  Chief  of  the  la^eiligenee  Departaieat  of 
the  Arnif  commanded  hj  the  Duke  of  Welliag- 
ton  in  t^e  Peniasola. 

At  Calcutta,  John  Robert  Macphersoo,  esq., 
H.M/h  Beogal  Armj,  eldest  eon  of  the  late 
lifot.-On.  Dnaean  Maepheraon. 

Avg  2S,  At  Maryon-road,  Charlton,  Emma, 
wife  of  Col.  G.  W.  Congdon,  R.M.L.I.,  aad  dan. 
of  the  late  J.  B.  Stone,  esq.,  of  Deptford,  Kent. 

At  Viyianagram,  Madras,  Major-Gen.  Button, 
of  11. M. 'a  Indian  Army.  He  had  aeaiiy  com- 
pleted fifty  yean'  nerrice  in  the  East. 

At  Toronto,  Cansda  West,  aged  66,  William 
Lyon  Muckeiijrfe.    See  OsirrAaT. 

Auff.id.  At  hill  residence,  Loughborough,  aged 
06,  Edward  Harley,  esq. 

At  Ilitrrogate,  aged  76,  Sarah,  widow  of  the 
Ber.  W.  Mair,  Vicar  of  Fulboarn,  and  Curate 
of  NVwton,  near  Wiitbeach,  Cambridgf^hire. 

6^t.  1.  At  Dresden,  aced  59,  Mrs.  Cater, 
widow  of  Lieut.  Charles  Joseph  Cater,  R.N. 

Sfjjt.  2.  At  Brussels,  aged  20,  Eouna  Amelia, 
dao.  of  the  Rer.  Wm.  Drury.  M.A. 

At  Willoaghby-hall,  Lincolnsh.,  aged  73,  Mary 
Elizjlxfth,  wife  of  Charles  AUix,  esq.,  and  second 
dau.  of  William  Hammond,  esq.,  of  St.  Alban's- 
couit,  Krnt. 

At  her  houM,  Carendish-sq.,  aged  74,  Cathe- 
rine, relict  of  Charles  Dickinson,  esq.,  of  Queen 
Charlton  Msnor,  Somerset,  and  Farley-hill,  Berk* 
•bire. 

A I  thfi  Rectory,  Rowner,  Grace  Harriott,  wife 
of  the  Kfv.  R.  Foster  Carter. 

Srpf-  4.  At  Worthing,  Sussex,  Christiana, 
eldc«t  dsti.  of  the  late  Col.  John  Cuninghame,  of 
Caddcll  and  Thornton,  Ayrshire. 

Sept.  5.  At  Neilgherrie-Tilla,  Jersey,  aged 
SS,  Harriet  Sophia,  eldest  dau.  of  th#  Rer.  Wm. 
Tbomss  Hadow,  A.M.,  Rector  of  Haseley,  War« 
wkkshire. 


Sepf.  9.  At  Moral,  GwaSor,  Central  ladSa, 
a«rd  50,  Capc  Urquhart,  Faymaafier  HJC.*s 
laaiAkiHiags. 

St^.  11.  At  Noctxa^-kin.  Ueat.-CoI.  ^amil 
Rvhard  Hieks.  late  of  the  35th  Kcft.  M  J(.L» 
aad  eldest  vxrriTmg  taa  of  Samnei  Hjcka,  esq..* 
of  BeaiDBoat-st.,  iimrtea 

At  sea.  on  board  the  *'SwiftPR«,*  afted  S, 
CkpC  Alexander  Weyntoa,  late  of  the  sh^  **Or> 
w^n,"  lOQ  of  the  late  Alersadrr  Wcyvtan,  nam 
of  the  Elder  Brethren  of  the  Tziaxty  Hfl«aa. 

Sffi.  12.  At  Dujutable-ho.,  Kirhmnari,  a«cd 
M,  Looisa  Aaae,  widow  of  Tiee-Adau  Sir  Hcvy 
Lorraine  Baker,  bart. 

Aged  49,  Mr.  Charles  Cslmt  CbrBcr,  aofiextor. 
of  Lee,  Kent.  He  was  the  yooaccst  son  of  Mr. 
Richard  Coraer,  sotieitor,  lonBcrly  of  Sootk- 
wark,  aad  yooagcst  brother  of  Mr.  G.  R.  Coraer, 
F.S.  A.,  of  the  same  place,  aad  of  Artkor  Bloxham 
Coraer,  esq.,  lateof  Lee-road,  Blaekheath,  H  JI.'a 
Conner  aad  Attorney  ia  the  Coart  of  Qaeen'a 
Bench,  whose  decease  was  recorded  im  amr 
OarrrAaT  in  March  last  fp.  >l3j,  aad  alao  of 
Richard  Jas.  Comer,  esq.,  of  tiie  Inner  TeBaple« 
Chief  Justice  of  H.M.'s  Settteacnta  on  the  GoU 
Coast,  West  Africa. 

Se^.  14.  At  Stonehoose,  Deroo,  aged  TS^ 
Margaret,  widow  of  John  London,  esq.,  RJf. 

At  Drinkstone  Rectory,  Suffolk,  Anne,  dan. 
of  the  late  Rer.  H.  I.  Hare,  of  I>ocklaff>balI. 
Norfolk. 

8epi.  15.  At  Montreal,  aged  35,  OetariiM,  eigbth 
son  of  the  late  Rer.  John  Cbekayne,  of  Batk. 

Sept.  16.  At  his  residence,  Radaor-tecr.,  Stoke» 
Newington,  aged  67,  John  Bernard  Lo^e,  rldest 
brother  of  the  late  Joseph  Locke,  esq.,  M.F. 

Lady  Jane  Walker,  (mentioned  at  p.  45§,)  wm 
the  only  dau.  of  the  late  Right  Hon.  Fnaeia  Wil- 
liam, sixth  Earl  of  Seafield,  Lord-Iientcnaat  ot 
InTemess-^hire,  and  sister  of  the  present  £aiL 
She  married,  July  SO,  1843,  Colonel  Edward  Wal- 
ter Forester  Walker,  C.B.,  now  a  M^jor-Gnacral 
ia  the  army,  and  Commander  of  the  Forana  in 
K«th  Britain. 

Sept.  19.  Very  suddenly,  of  apoplexy,  nt  his 
residence,  Rnnartmore,  Argyleshire,  aged  63, 
Alexander  Mackenzie  Kirkland,  esq.,  of  Qlascov, 
J.P.  for  Lanarkshire. 

At  Clibum  Rectory,  Westmoreland,  of  eon- 
sumption,  Sophia  Portia,  wife  of  the  Rer.  C.  W. 
Burton,  Rector  of  Clibum,  and  seoond  daa.  of 
the  Ute  Sir  William  PiUdngton,  hart.,  of  Cheret. 

Sir  Samuel  Home  Stirling,  bart.,  (mentioned 
at  p.  458,)  was  the  eldest  son  of  Capt.  Georga 
Stirling,  (second  son  of  the  sixth  baronet,)  and 
was  bom  in  1830.  He  married  in  1854  the  7  rong- 
est  dau.  of  Col.  T.  8.  Begbie,  of  the  44th  Regt., 
succeeded  his  uncle  in  1858,  and  was  appointed 
in  1860  to  a  captaincy  in  the  Linlithgow  Militia 
Artillery.  The  family  are  descendants  of  Sir 
John  Stirling,  of  Glorat,  who  was  anaonr-benrer 
to  King  James  I.,  and  knighted  in  1430. 

84pt.  20.  At  Exeter,  aged  M,  CoL  John  Gra- 
ham, H.R.I.C.8.,  of  EUersUe,  Frendngton,  son 
of  the  late  Capt.  Charles  Graham,  H.R.I.C.'a 
Maritime  Serrioe. 

At  Rock  Ferry,  Chcahiie,  (thertrtdtaceofhia 


1861.] 


OfilTUABYt 


678 


■cm-te-law,  Dr.  Whill.  K.N..)  *g«a  70,  Eobert 
BordAy,  esq.,  Retired  Coaimniuler  R.N.»  of  Bel* 
;Bunit-tefT.|  LtfWi^iiiam,  Kent., 

At  Barboome,  near  WorcDster,  ngtd  B4,  J,  M. 
Gutch,  eiHj.    Bee  OoiTtrART. 

At  Florence,  aged  78,  GioTonni  Battifttn  Nlcoo* 

rIbiL,  ftD  eminent  Italian  poet.    Nieeulinl's  timioB 

Dft  leas  knovrn  in  this  eountrj  th&ii  that  of  Man> 

or  Silvio  Pcllico,  bat  bi»  rrpQtiition  in  bii 

country  ira«  of  tbe  hiipcheist.   His  flntt  work^ 

PietA,  pubtifi.hed  in  lJin4,  rc»embled  in  metro 

'And  ftyle  Montc^a  Bn^xtilUana,    It  was  tKHttea 

commctnorate  tbe  e:&ertion»  of  the  frateruit j 

La  Miacricordia  of  Tuecanj  dnrinpr  the  pla^nie 

d  ixmndatlons  which  devastated  Lei^hom  in 

le  early  part  of  the  present  oentury.  He  »ubse» 

lently  wrote  sereral  classic  pla^rii  i^'<*i»HMi, 

10  tf  Temitia^  E^Hpo.,  Agam^mnontt  Mtdea,  and 

Jfnbiieto.    In  thl*  last,  which  wa«  bniied  on  the 

Jbrtunea  of  Kin^f  Nebiichadnerxar,  most  people 

ifhonght  they  naw  veiled  uniler  Aiayiian  numei 

«badowing  forth  of  Nai>oleon*ft  donrnfuIK  ortd 

ll9be  play  caa<ied  a  fnr? at  aeoaation  in  consequence. 

le  sneccsB  of  Mansoni  and  tbo  romantic  BChooI 

Northern  Italy  induced  NIccolini  to  ohooMn 

mbjaetf  nearer  humo.    Accordinjfly  he  pro- 

wfth  ^reat  tucce«e,  Antonio    Fo»carinL 

0i0tnn»ni  rffl  /VcNTirfo,  which  appeared   first  in 

IBM,  at  Florence,  was  hUppreMed  in  tbe  hcigbt 

it*  popularity  it  the  instigation  of  tbe  Au-otrian 

:ba««utur.    In  l!tu^ceodLnf  years  appeared  Ltt* 

vico  it  Xfaro,  and  Rogmvndft  iT Inghiltsrra,  In 

id  NiccoUnl  la  boat  known  by  **  Arnold  of 

which  waa  trannlated   Into  EngUHh 

the  year  IN6*    It  Was  not  put  upon  the 

I,  for  which  itfl  leniirth  rendered  it  unstdt- 

»le.    Bdt  the  plot  and  the  eharactera  would, 

in  all  probabQity,  have  made  it  very  auccenAfQl 

on  the  itige  if  It  bad  been  curtailed.  The  arrival 

of  Amold  at  Rome,  the  death  of  Cardinal  Quido, 

the  charaeten  of  the  haQfchty  Empenir  nod  the 

tyramdoal  Pope,  are  finely  imafdned.    NioeoUnl 

wrote  also  **  MatUda,"  an  Imitatioa  of  Horned 

•*  Douglas^"  and  another  play  based  on  SheU«y*a 

"Cenel,"  bealde*  a  translation  of  the  Chorpiu^ 

of  JBiohylos.    His  prose  works  eonsLit  of  philo- 

loflflal  troatisea  and  acidenUcat  di»coun«eir,  sad 

•oine  oontributtoni  to  the  Ani^l^m  di  Ftrtnu^ 

which   WM   smpprened   at   the   siifrKevtioo   of 

.u»triA.     He  Wat  also  enirogcd  for  many  years 

a  ^rreat  hintory  of  Snabia.    In  politics  Niooo- 

lini  waa  an  ardent  Ubeml,  and  his  a»piratlont 

for  fh«  oLvll  and  rtligfouf  freedom  of  his  ooantry 

find  vent  tn  atranfer  espre»«ions  against  the 

straagtrandtjnmta  Kenerally  than  is  intelUirible 

in  our  leaa  heated  latitQde«.— Jfo/WM^  /■ojf . 

Sipt,  i1 .  At  EdlnbnrKh,  a^d  M,  MtJ.  DoDcan 
Onliftine,  of  Glenny.  Tbe  deoeaaed  officer  had 
Man  much  service,  and  held  the  Fenlnsohir  war 
medal  and  ^  cU4p«  for  the  following  eihgag«- 
nienLi,  vix.  Iloleia,  Vimiera,  Corunna,  Busaco, 
Fiientes  li'Onor.  and  B:ulajo3i.  Ha  waa  also 
present  at  many  other  minor  enpigeniAibu 

Aged  61»,  Mrs,  Eiiaabeth  Wildroan,  eldest  dan. 
of  the  Late  James  WUdman,  e«q.,  of  Chilham 
QastUt. 
Ai  QamhtldgQ -torr*,  Hydt-pailc,  Melaaiiin, 


eldest  firrvivingr  dnti.  of  the  late  Lieat-Col, 
gtapleton,  of  Thorpe  Lee,  Surrey, 

At  tho  Grove,  God  mane  htBter,  Arthur,  young- 
eat  son  of  the  late  Kev.  Wm.  Peamot  Kector  of 
Han  well,  0.xon. 

A I  the  residence  of  her  nephew^  (CoL  Wegfir, 
Uaddington  -  road,  DnWia,)  Jane,  widow  of 
Michael  Hnekctt,  esq.,  of  Moor-park  and  Kim- 
grove^  King*s  County,  and  dau.  of  Thos.  Mitchi^ll, 
esq,,  of  ForLal  Cuatle, 

Sfpl,  22,  At  Walton-^  llla.«,  Brompton,  Chris- 
tina Cameron,  wife  of  J.  A.  OokUn^rham,  cmi., 
Madraa  Infantry,  and  only  ehild  of  the  Ker. 
Francis  Givrden,  Sub-Dean  of  H.M/i  Cbapela 
Royal. 

Sir  George  Da«hwood,  hart.,  (menlionrd  nt 
p.  4ift,)  was  bom  at  KirtUngton-p«rk  in  HSO ; 
marriedin  1815  the  eldest  dun,  of  ^^ir  VT.  Ilowley, 
and  succeeded  hia  father  in  1828.  The  flrst 
baronet  was  th©  aon  of  Alderman  Dashvotid,  of 
London,  who  Joined  in  farminf  the  revenues  uf 
Ireland  in  the  rtign  of  Charles  IL 

At  Chcltenhnm,  aged  07,  Licut.-Col.  GrM*n- 
wuod,  R.A.^  C.B.  Ho  entered  the  army  in  1611, 
and  wrred  in  the  last  China  expedition. 

In  thf  Iloyni  Dockyard,  Chatham,  (at  the  resi- 
dence of  John  R.  Holman,  M.D.,  Surgeon  R.N.,) 
Sarah,  wife  of  John  M,  Rose,  ci^q.^  of  Rochestcr*^ 
Kjuare,  London,  and  youngeat  dau.  of  tho  late 
Rev.  John  Rudall,  Vlc;ir  of  Crediloo,  Devon, 

At  Bedminstcr,  near  Bristol,  (at  the  rcBideneo 
Of  her  son,)  aged  71,  AmtUa  Anne,  relict  of  the 
Rev.  William  John  Gilbert,  of  Uatd's  Morcton, 
Bucklnghaminhire, 

Srpt,  23.  At  St.  neUer*i.  JetMy,  aged  84,  Adm. 
George  Le  Geyt* 

At  Clarcnce-eottagea,  Cambridge-road,  llain- 
menmlth,  aged  66,  Capt*  Wm,  Wchh,  tt.N. 

Aved  M,  Richard  GawtreM»  gentleman,  ona 
of  the  oldest  Inhabitant*  of  W»ith-upon-Deame, 
where  hi*  £unily  baa  dwelt  for  thre«  centuries. 

At  his  residence,  Oxfard-lerr,,  Clapham-rotd, 
aged  58,  Mr.  Wm.  Horatio  Curtis,  for  more  ihiin 
thirty  yeara  District  Postmaster  at  Twickenijom. 

At  Fan,  Basysea-Pyn^nde*.  Capt.  W.  Forbca 
Leitb,  R.N.  He  entered  the  navy  in  ITJJG,  on 
board  the  "  Prince  George/'  in  which  he  served 
in  the  Channel,  off  Cadiit  and  Lisbon,  snd  in  th© 
Mfditerrsnean  in  the  **  Btenheun"  and  "Prince 
George,"  until  1799.  and  aftw  that  time  on  the 
Home  Station.  In  18fl4  ho  waa  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  lleutenimt,  and  In  1805  was  appointeil  to 
the  »*  Druid'*  frigate,  in  wbleh  ship  ho  nerved 
about  five  years  and  a-half  on  the  Cork  and 
Cadix  stationfl,  and  aarisled  at  the  capture  of 
"Le  Pandour,"  a  brig  of  II  guna.  He  waa 
•fterworda  attached  to  the  force  in  the  Mediter- 


Bept,  t4.  At  Bouth*bati«e,  Nairnshire,  Major- 
General  ^Fjieas  FitilrrefF,  Madras  Artillery* 

At  Brunswick-villas,  South  Norwood,  aged  *4, 
Alexander  John  Colvin,  <*«i-,  of  Gloucester-pL, 
Portmsn-aq.,  and  late  of  tbe  Bengal  Civil  Service. 

At  his  residence,  Bronipton-#(iiuire,  aged  Tl, 
Wm.  Farren,  sen.,  esq.  This  eminent  romtdiao 
was  bom  towards  the  cl«ii»  of  1746,  uml  wns  for 
many  ycian  at  the  htatl  of  hia  proftsalon*    Wtailo 


674 


Ob  ITU  ART. 


[Nor. 


^  , .  ,  ii  i ',  k,  „  ^ jij  sedtetl  with  a  flt^  wTiioh ,  throngli 
i!  dmcml.  npiuUed  In  »  severe  iitruke 

ui  nii  for  •omctimeitwujiithoufrhtthiit 

lie  H 1*^  U*^l  to  the  ntJifre  for  «Ter.  Perlupa  U  would 
bnire  been  hetfrr  for  his  ruimtatiofi  If  he  h«d  ne^r 
FMppeftrei) ;  for  hij  ^irtkcuUtloD  was  retiderrd  no 
iBdiiltolct,  iiid  Lit  physical  asd  rocntAl  power* 
Vttra  M  mateTUlly  im  paired  by  the  phock  which 
hia  eoDtftitution  had  atiuuincd,  thftt  those  who 
Mw  htm  only  In  the  oloning  epoch  of  hia  emn^t 
eoald  form  no  idea  of  the  ability  which  he  <tia* 
played  when  in  hb  prime.  He  reiEuilDed  for  tea 
jrenra  Innfrer  before  the  poblio  as  ah  actor  at  the 
lUymarket*  and  aa  manaifer  and  actor  mf  the 
Btrnnd  and  the  Olympic ;  and  hia  la«t  appeain&oe 
Wft^  at  the  Hjiymarkett  where,  on  the  10th  of 
Juty,  he  placed  '*  Lord  Oglcby"  on  the  ooe«aioii 
of  tjin  farewell  benefit. 

At  F.ili]iouth,  ag«d  ^7,  Ch&rlotte  KUxa,  wife 
it(  Jamw  Ltulgiiter,  eaq.,  foorth  dau,  of  the  late 
Kdinnnd  Turner,  etq.,  formerly  If.  P.  for  Truro. 

At  her  reaidenoe  at  Halcombe,  agt^  SI,  Mrs, 
FHdeaux,  relict  of  Walter  PrideaaJC,  eaq.,  Ke- 
eor*)er  of  Totnea. 

&>pt.  2d,  At  A.berde«n,  afed  59,  Sir  Tboixia* 
BlulkJe.  of  Klofaeat*  He  wab  the  foorth  aoa  of 
J.  Kiuikle.  etq.,  of  Aberdeen,  by  H^leo,  dAu.  of 
J,  Rteardwyn,  c«q.,  of  Ferthnhire.  waabom  in  l^lf, 
ftnd  waft  educated  at  the  gTiLmniar-«cboo],  and 
aflerwarda  at  MaHachal  CoUeire,  A1>eri1een.  He 
apent  u  long  and  active  Ufe  oa  a  merchant  in  hia 
native  city  of  Aberdeen,  ^)  the  proiip^rity  of 
which  he  conlribulCNl  largely,  and  over  which  he 
htuX  preatded  a*  Lord  PruTont  for  acTeral  yeara. 
He  married,  in  li?8,  Agnea,  dau.  of  Alexander 
13in|rwaU,  esq.,  of  HumictftowD,  Abordreniihire. 
He  reoalTi'd  the  honoar  of  knlirhtbood  in  1856, 
tn  rttofiiitlon  of  hi»  local  public  eerricea.^ 
iUmieft  JIarteter. 

At  Dover,  Charles  Edward  Long,  wq.  See 
OtHTtAav* 

In  0BmberweI1--groTa,  af^  14i  Ltieretla  Jeani 
aeoond  dau.  of  the  Hon.  Huf  h  W.Hojka,  H.M.*fl 
Attorney*Opiieral  for  Newfoundland. 

At  hia  resi^lenee,  13yde-park-w]Uiire,  Hff^  GO, 
Joiaph  Maud^lay,  eaq  ,  the  eminent  engineer  of 
LiimU'th. 

Stpt,  30.  At  Madrid,  Lof^oa  Charlea  Otway, 
f<q..  CJi.,  B,n.M.*a  Contul-Gcnerul  at  Milan. 
Me  wa«  ttie  only  Km  of  the  late  Gen.  Sir  Loftui 
W*  Otwa)  aod  Lady  Otway,  only  dau.  of  the 
tale  t^ir  Charloa  Blicke,  of  Carioan-park,  Murrey, 
hind  been  In  the  dirilouiatlu  »erviee  for  above 
thlityyeami.  havinit  bcon  tirtt  ottxicbod  to  the 
nlMlon  at  fit»<tkbo1m  tn  Novenibcr,  1K30.  Ho 
»...  .uhirnuf  ndv  ift  Jtily,  l!j;J3,  attoched  to  the 
1 .  I'etcrnburjr,  and  In  Auifust 
;  L  luuved  uj  the  HrlUiih  Le|r»' 
[  ii.     Ill  January,  IMS,  he  wa^  ap^ 

J  I  paid  Attnch^  at  Virnnn.  but  did 


tarir  **1  L^^ffatmn  ai  MAitrni  in  May  iHiu.  and 
acted  aa  clitrfiv  d*Afniire<i  in  that  clt^  f^^ii  May 
to  l>eG«  wber,  liiM,  aud  acted  tJi  the  nine  c^pa* 


elty  htm  Vay  to  ] 

Tvp«atedty,  in  tha  abMUua  of  l3h«  BtiClak  1 

Ptenlpritrntury,    up   to   Deoeoibtr,  li^,     tm 

September,  la&l,  for  hli  illH'*"**^*  i»r«iai  />• 
waa  made  a  Compunlon  I  tXflalaiaf 

the  Ortler  of  tlir  fiath.  ^^  jrcn^tlM 

he  waa  aelftcted  bj  tb«  Si . . ,  .... ,  v..  ^taMm  Ikir  IW 
Fortlirit  DepartiTtrnt  to  dii^chdrfce  tl>«  datle*  of 
lilAiator  Flenipotcutiary  to  the  Mmticam  Ih^- 
pnblie.  during  which  period  be  exerted  all  hla 
powrra  to  protect  the  lntcre«ta  of  hla  cooAtl^ 
men  in  that  oouutry,  and  aooa  after  Ilia  ivtar* 
home  ho  waa  appointed  to  t^  onerGOe  |feO«C  ^ 
Conml-Oeneral  at  ^Oan. 

At  the  reiiidenoe  of  her  nephew,  ©t-  lohaV 
wood-road,  aged  B«,  Miaa  Totta,  aufti  of  Sir  £4* 
win  Landaeet,  R.A< 

At  Onnanthorpe,  I^Ieham,  a|E^  9^  Alli«w 
eldent  dau.  of  the  late  Edward  HalL,  ecq.,  «!  aikeo- 
hill,  Mlddlcfftx,  and  Rlict  of  the  Rev.  T*  Maa- 
gl€«,  Rector  of  Aialhoipe,  Llncolnalilre. 

Srpt.  27.  From  die  dlcota  of  ennalnkje  oaa- 
traeted  tn  India,  aged  39,  L'eoL-C^.  BanBti 
CleaveUnd,  R.A. 

At  Wobura,  Misa  Elixahetli  Fonntif.  of  ¥otm^ 
by-hall,  LaUj^'blie. 

At  Kenaington,  aged  93,  Charles  Hi  nry  Ma 
tholl,  efq.,  late  Cnui.  Rtth  Regt.,  and  for  ouui^ 
year*  resident  in  Cheltenham. 

Sefit,  28.  At  Drooke-houiie,  Leasiimrton.  aaed 
74,  Bir  Jamee  MlUca  Eiddall,  hart,, 
Argyleabire.    The  dcoeaaed  wta  the  • 
the  late  Thomaa  HUloa  Rlddetl,  e&q. 
of  Sir  Jomca,  the  flri^t  baronet  of  thia  ttna],  i 
MariToretta,  dau.  of  Col,  Duguld  CiTnpbrlJ, 
Locknell,  Argjlefthire  (Qlb  tn  dc- 
third  earl  of  Ar^ le),  and  wat  \n  i«i||^  J 

dackmaananahini,  J  uno  3,  17Il7  .  .,.:.,.,  ^c^^eiKd 
to  hii  grandfather'a  title  and  eatatce  at  the  «t«t)y 
age  of  ten  year*,  in  1797,  and  waa  educated  al  _ 
Cbriit  Church,  Oxford,  where  he  graf}uaU<d  I 
In  1S07.  Sir  Jom^i  who  waa  a  tieputy-Llevt, 
Ar  Argyleehire,  mamcd  In  is:: 
Cit  dau.  of  the  late  sir  Ricbar 
of  Norton-priory,  Cheshire,  by 
iji9Ue  two  Minn,  and  a  dau..  married  to  tne  \i»r,j\ 
Henry  Cunllffc,  Vicar  of  ^^hlffntil.  f^filtist, 
•on  of  the  Uie  Gen.  Sir  ^ 
hart.,  C.B.,  of  Acton«pa!i> 
Bucceeded  tn  the  tUk-  r*od . 
only  furvivlng  aon,  Thoji. 
baronet.    Be  wn^i  horn 

(lain  with  hit  aii^ter   t^ul«4t]|,   and  uiarrueid 
1»M,  Mi«f  V  Anne,  d^iit.  of  John  nodgaomr  ^m, 
of  m.   I  11*  dalliv  1 

from  I  I  iy«,  In  6iilenne» 


tciUtU  irciier.tti(iri 
Orteenth  cmturjr. 


HoihurghKtaire. 

At  ^u  Germain -en -Layiit  Lady  IlkfffttI  i 
rine»  rtUct  of  Sir  John  W£Ut»iB«,  |«t«  i 


r 


1861.] 


.OstTtTARY. 


576 


the  Ju«tic«t  of  H«r  M^jnCy^i  Coort  of  Qxieen** 
Bench. 

At  Bttdcn  Bnden,  a^cd  13,  Anna  Frances,  cldeit 
daq.  of  Lord  and  Lady  Augtutus  Loftiu. 

At  fcnirth*  near  Cardiif,  tig^d  84,  Capel  Hin- 
bary  Lrigh,  e»q.,  Lord  Lieutenant  of  the  eouoty 
of  Monmouth.  Mr.  Lclgb,  a  few  days  before  hl» 
death,  met  with  a  slight  accident  by  fnlling  down 
part  of  the  tUlrcsM.  A  bottle  of  medicine  was 
ordered  by  the  tAmilj  attendant,  and  eotno  em* 
hroeaUon  to  be  appUrd  to  hi*  back.  The  butler, 
by  mUtake,  g»Te  the  diMreaaed  the  embrocation 
instead  of  ibe  oedioiiie,  and  though  all  the  uanal 
temedlnl  mema  were  need,  death  ensued  o&  the 
following  ercning. 

At  her  reaidence,  Landoar,  Torquay,  Anna 
Maria,  widow  of  W.  Brockedon,  eaq.,  P.R,8. 

Aged  M,  Edward  Donne,  e«i.,  of  Cniven«hlll| 
Hyde-park,  and  Woodlanda,  near  Battle,  Suiaex. 

At  the  Vicarage,  Crowle,  agod  M^  Caroline 
Anne,  wife  of  the  Rev,  Winiatn  Duneoanbe. 

At  Binhup'flHcourr,  Doroheater,  near  Walitng- 
ftird,  Berka.,  aged  M>,  JoMph  Latham,  eaq. 

At  Leckhampton,  near  Cheltenham,  aged  73, 
KUxabeth,  relict  of  CoK  Buck,  formerly  of  the 
8th  (or  King's  Own)  Regt.,  andeldeat  dan.  of  the 
late  Edwin  Sandy*  Lechmere,  eiq.,  Hereford. 

At  Totca-conrt,  Mercwortli,  Keotj  aged  46, 
Hrt,  William  Harryman. 

Seft.  39L  At  his  rcsidene«,  Slade,  near  Kiogn- 
bridge,  aged  71,  Fortesene  WelLa,  eaq.,  Captain 
E.A.,  and  magistnte  of  the  eoiuty  of  Deron, 
He  waa  the  aecond  aon  of  the  late  Bey.  Samuel 
Well*,  Rector  of  Portlemouth. 

At  th«C^eacent,  Buxton,  Derh^-flhlro,  Benjamin 
Badger,  mq.,  J.P.,  late  of  La^twood-house,  near 
Kotherham,  Torkahire. 

At  Worthing,  aged  B7,  Catherine,  eldoHt  and 
Uat  etmriTing  dau.  of  the  Bev.  John  Loekton* 
of  ClauYfUe;,  Haota. 

S*pt»  90.  At  Seaton-hotiae,  Aberdctnahire, 
£U*ahtth,  wife  of  Lieat.-Gen.  Lord  Jomea  Hay. 

At  Haatinga,  Katberine,  wife  of  Viee-Adu. 
eir  George  Lambert,  K  C.B, 

At  Dartmontli-ter.,  Bbckheath,  aged  73,  EUia, 
leliet  of  Richard  Ifaddard  Leech,  eaq.,  8t.BclfliiA. 

Oct.l.  At  MelfonH>r.t,,  ArgyUrtilrti,  iig^  W, 
Colonel  Campbell,  of  Melfort. 

Aged  45,  John  BuUcr  Hnlae,  eaq.,  youngest 
snrriting  eon  of  the  lute  Sir  Charles  Uulaa,  hart., 
Of  Brwunore,  Hampshire. 

At  Burgage,  oo.  Car  low,  aged  77,  Anne,  widow 
of  th«  R«f .  Tbomaa  Meroer  Vlgtirs,  of  Burgage, 
and  Beolof  of  Poweratown,  en.  Kilkenny. 

At  Bath,  B.  n.  Conolly,  ck).,  Captain  R.A. 

Oef,  3.  At  Rottach,  Tc^roaee,  Bararia,  aged 
U,  WlUiam.  third  Lord  Pooaonby,  of  ImoklUy. 

fieC  Oa  LIT  A  AT. 

At  Straehur-park,  Argyleehire,  Lady  Murray, 

relict  of  Lord  Mnrray,  vt\^  ■'  *^- '-^ttura  of  the 

College  of  Justice.    Her  the  eldest 

dauffhtcr  of  the  late   \s  sr,  c«|.,  of 

Olcifleid'hsU,  Cheshire,  amU  lu&irioi.  ift  1S2«>»  the 
late  Right  Hon.  Sir  John  ArohibaM  Murray,  who 
WHS  M.F.  for  Leltb,  ftc,  firom  1S33  tUl  ISSa,  and 
iucrcfded  Lord  JffTrey  as  Lord  Adrocate  of 
Scotland,  a  |M»t  which  he  held  under  Lord  Or«y'a 


and  Lord  Melbotirae'«  admfnistrattona.  oniil  his 
appointment,  in  1S30,  aa  one  of  the  ordinwry 
Boottijih  Lords  of  S<e««tO(n,  when  he  a4iiume<t, 
according  to  praoticc,  the  coturtesy  title  of  Lord 
Murray.  The  late  Judge  was  not  only  a  liound 
and  able  judge,  but  a  roan  of  elegimt  HttTury 
taate,  and  his  honse  In  the  northern  mctroiKuIiB 
waa  for  many  year*  the  rendexroua  of  a  dl»Tin* 
gaisbed  and  brilliant  circle,  nuwt  of  whom  are 
now  numbered  with  the  dead.  He  died  widoly 
and  deeerredly  lamented  in  1SA9.  —  Landan 
Jterine. 

At  Bath,  aged  77,  Rcttr- Admiral  William  P. 
Stanley.  The  deceased  entered  the  nary  in  I7D8 
aa  nudshipman  on  boord  the  **  Diomede."  While 
aerving  on  board  the  '*  Egyptienne**  he  assiRted 
at  the  eaptnrc  o<  three  French  Tcswla,  and  was 
preaent  in  Sir  R.  Cnlder's  action  on  the  22nd  of 
July,  im5.  AOer  taking  port  in  the  battle 
fought  off  St.  rtomingo  in  the  **  Korthumber* 
land,"  he  waK  appointed  actlng^ieutcuant  of  tho 
**  Dolphin,"  and  afterwards  to  the  *'  Pheasant," 
in  which  vcaael  be  lerred  aa  aenior  U<>uten»rit 
until  IBU,  taking  aeTrral  French  priy.t*^.  In 
April,  18^19,  he  was  placed  in  cooimond  of  the 
•'Swallow"  reTcniie  cutler,  tn  which  he  cjip- 
tured,  in  1821,  the  '♦  Idas'*  smuggliog  cutter, 
after  a  long  chaM.  He  then  received  the  iippro- 
bution  of  Sir  John  G^ire,  the  Command<r-in*CUier, 
the  Lordf  of  the  Admirftltr,  and  the  Treasury 
Board,  and  on  the  l&th  of  July  of  the  tama  yeur 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  commander,  nttatn- 
iog  poat  rank  la  1SS9,  and  becoming  rvar-admirul 
inlSSO. 

At  her  residence,  Paragon -buildingK,  Bath, 
Louisa  Once  Anne,  relict  of  the  Rev.  Hewitl 
0*8ryon,  of  Edgefield  Rectory,  Norfolk,  and 
eldest  dan.  of  the  lato  Her.  John  Hcmre,  Cuan- 
oellor  of  the  dioeeae  of  Umerkk. 

At  New  Charlton,  Kent,  Captain  E.  N.  B.  Gat«- 
house,  of  the  Gold  Coast  Artillery. 

Oct,  3.  In  Leinstcr-sq.,  KenaingUm-gar.,  Elian, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Wlllloxn  Loyd,  eaq,| 
and  lister  of  Lieut.'CoL  W.  Kirkman  Ujyd- 

At  Woodlond.TilU,  Cheltenham,  Ann  Elizabeth 
Bennett,  widow  of  Samuel  Cecil,  eaq.,  of  Dron- 
lleld  Manor,  Derbyshire. 

In  Oreen-«t.,  Groevemir-aqM  Cbariolla^  widow 
of  the  Rev.  Thoa.  BUae,  of  Portnell-pk.,  Surrey. 

Oct  i.  At  fit.  Androwa,  the  Earl  of  EgUnton. 
See  Oam^  aaY* 

At  his  reaidenee  at  Bally  Adams,  Qaeen*a 
County,  Major  Edw.  Butler,  eldest  and  only 
fturTiTiogson  of  the  late  Major •Oen.  tsir  Kiiw. 
Butler. 

Soddmly,  of  anglBS  peetoria,  at  hU  rendence, 
Boxlanda,  Dovklng,  ag«d  71K  Jotin  George  Ham* 
mack,  t*q.t  a  magtatrate  for  the  county  of  Hid« 
dl«sei,  and  Deputy'Ueateaaat  for  the  Tower 
Hamlets.  He  had  repeatedly  acted  a«  presiding 
ofELccr  at  the  elections  in  thut  liorough,  and  more 
recently  he  was  one  of  the  two  chief  ai^istiint*  uf 
the  Registrar-General  in  taking  the  eensus  in 
1»f  1,  Dr  Fsrr  being  the  otiier. 

Aged  M,  T.  J.  Holt,  esq.,  of  St.  Paur*-th«irch- 
yard.  Deputy  of  the  Ward  of  Farringdim  Within. 

At  IVpitHtieila,  NJi.,  aged  79,  Anne,  widow  of 


576 


Obittast. 


[Nor. 


LbraL-CoL  Aadrw  HaafhoB,  19A.  BmU  ad 
MCer  of  the  late  ViCiaB  Ord,  eaq^  of  Whitfield, 
JIanhamberSaad. 

A«cd  M.  Eailr,  «i2e  of  Bkhard  D»Tka,  oq^ 
of  Grwe-eu,  Socth  HackBey. 

At  CLkkntcr,  afcd  17.  Emily,  du.  of  Ae 
Ute  Xij.  Bemrj  Joom  Grove,  K.H^  of  HJC.*> 
•Och  BefimcBt. 

At  Leeoter,  afed  60,  Thomas  Xacaslaj,  e*q^ 
F.R.C.<V.,  third  mb  of  the  Ute  Ber.  Anlar  3fae- 
aolaj.  formrrtr  Vlear  of  Bochlcr,  Lewettmhire. 
At  his  reridencc,  Xortfa-bank,  8c.  Joha'a-wood, 
after  a  todden  attack  of  paraljw,  afcd  71,  John 
VaadctthoO;  eiq^  the  celebrated  aetor.  **Mr. 
VaadcBhoff  had  been  for  loiBe  tiaae  Mfltarxaf 
from  ffOQt,  bat  not  to  ai  to  coaflne  him  to  the 
booae.  On  the  moniiiif  of  hia  death  he  valked 
to  hia  pbTiiriaa  and  back  for  the  poipote  ci  eon- 
•altxBff  him.  After  dxaaer  he  waa  «eized,  ai  tho 
erent  shewed,  with  ptvmooitory  sTmptoiis  of  p»- 
ralraiji,  bat  waa  still  able  to  retire  to  his  bedioom 
and  lie  down  withoat  assistance.  A  mediral 
gentleman  in  the  neif  bboorhood  waa  at  once 
aent  for,  bat  on  his  arriral  Mr.  Vandenhoff  waa 
apeechleask  and  shortly  afterwards  ezirired.  He 
carries  to  hia  graTc  the  onblemiAbed  repatatioi 
of  a  loDg  and  honoarable  life.  For  some  time  he 
bad  KiTcn  ap  the  practke  of  hia  profeaaion,  bat, 
though  in  hia  72nd  jear,  he  was  erect  and  active, 
and  bore  erery  promiM  of  enjoying  for  many 
year*  to  come  the  warm  attachment  of  a  seleet 
circle  of  friends,  who  Talaed  him  for  the  kind- 
Uncu  of  hia  natare  and  his  nuny  rirtaea.*' — 
Times, 

Oct.  5.  In  King-st.,  St  Jamea*a,  aged  77, 
the  Uon.  Edward  Gardoer,  fifth  aon  of  Alan, 
first  Lord  Gardner.  He  was  bom  March  9tb, 
17M,  and  was  for  some  years  in  the  ciril  serrice 
of  the  Hon.  East  India  Company.  At  one  time 
he  held  the  British  Betddency  at  Nepaal.  He 
lived  and  died  anmarried.  He  was  brother  of 
Adm.  Alan  Hyde  Gardner,  (afterwards  second 
Lord  Gardner  and  K.C.B.,)  and  ancle  of  the  pre- 
sent peer. 

At  Merton  College,  Oxford,  Msry  Amelia 
Frances,  elder  dau.  of  Robert  Bollock  Maraham, 
kmq.,  D.C.L.,  Warden  of  Merton  College,  and 
Lady  Carmicbael  Anstrather. 

At  Jesmond,  Newcaatle-on-Tyne,  Capt.  West, 
R.N.    Hee  Obitvakt. 

At  Baldock,  Hertfordshire,  aged  89,  Edward 
L'Otrani^e  Dew,  esq.,  third  son  of  the  late  Tom- 
kyns  Dew,  esq.,  of  Whitney-coart,  Hereford- 
shire. 

At  Mddmm,  Aberdeenshire,  aged  70,  Bean- 
champ  Colclough  Urquhart,  eaq.,  of  Meldram 
and  Byth. 

At  his  residence,  Kingstown,  near  Dablin,  aged 
43,  Daniel  Francis  Pennefather,  esq.  He  was 
the  oldest  son  of  the  late  Matthew  Pennefather, 
enq.,  of  New-park,  near  Cashel,  co.  Tipperary, 
(who  died  in  1858,)  by  Anne,  dan.  of  Daniel 
C(inner,  esq.,  of  Ballybricken,  co.  Cork,  and  was 
bom  in  1816.  The  family  of  Pennefather  (who 
held  for  many  years  the  estate  of  New-park,  and 
were  proprietors  of  the  borough  of  Cashel,  which 
▼arious  members  of  the  family  have  represented. 


boAiathelrbh 
are  of  English 
Domeaday  Bork  aa  ksriag 


The  caliie  «r  Bfrv^ffok.  1 
was  foid  SOBS  jmn  m^  by  a 

WzAin  the  last  few  yean  tihe  1 

beeaweD  i 

twoof  thati 

them  having  beea  for  maaj  ] 

of  the  Coot  of  QMam*B  BcMk  im  1 

At  BabMeombe,  M»Tarq[«m7.  aged  S,  Capt. 

John  Evaaa,  nnattnrhfd.  Ho  v«a  tiae  ddeat  mm 
of  Oapc  JohB  Evaaa,  of  Bath,  loia  oTlhe  Indian 
army.  Hiadeathwaathercanltof  aasatowwdi 
reeexvcd  at  Cawapove  sad  in  actioa  vith  tha 
lebda  in  GwaBor,  whcB  holdiBff  the  port  of  Ad- 
jntaat  of  the  88ck  Couaoght  Kaagcn. 

At  St.  Ivea,  Hants,  aged  81,  Abb,  widov  of  thi 
Ber.  R.  L.  Manning. 

At  Feltoa  Panooagc,  Dnbaai,  Elian,  wifc  of 
the  Ber.  Henry  Barrett,  InenmboBt  of  Pettoa. 

At  Helc-hIO,  mmt  Taonton,  afanoat  auddeBly. 
Arthar  Tbomaa,  only  aon  of  the  lata  Thomas 
CoUett,  eaq.,  formerly  banker  of  Bath. 

Oet.  6.  At  hia  reiidenee,  BlooiBflcld,  Old 
Charlton,  aged  74,  Bobert  John  LUtle,  eaq.,  lata 
Major  and  Barrarkmaster  of  tha  Royal  Marinf^ 
Woolwich. 

At  Bath,  aged  7S,  Mary,  reHct  of  Ayshfocd 
Wise,  cnq.,  and  youngest  dan.  of  the  late  Ber. 
Thomas  Whitby,  of  Creewdl-hall,  Staflbrdahire. 

At  Baxton,  B.  Badger,  eaq.,  of  Eaatwood- 
hoose,  near  Botherham.  Mr.  Badger  waa  a 
member  of  the  bar,  and  in  hia  poeitioii  as  a  nsa- 
gistrate  at  Baxton  waa  very  highly  esteemed  by 
all  dames. 

At  S  winton-lodge,  Leamington,  aged  41.  Fraacia 
Willoaghby,  Lieat.  R.N.,  son  of  the  late  Bobert 
WiUongfaby,  esq.,  ClifTe-hall,  Warwickshire. 

Oct.  7.  At  Richmond,  Surrey,  aged  81,  Mary, 
dan.  of  the  late  Sir  Alexander  Purrea,  bart,  of 
Purvea. 

At  Redworth-houae,  Dorham,  (therestdence  of 
R.  Lambton  Surteea,  esq.,)  aged  SO,  William  C. 
Sherwood,  esq.,  late  of  the  Bengal  CivO  Serrice, 
eldest  son  of  the  late  R.  Crosier  Sherwood,  esq., 
of  Soffolk-lawn,  Cheltenham. 

Oct.  8.  At  Dieppe,  aged  S4,  John  Elliot 
Boilean,  esq.,  eldest  son  of  Sir  John  Peter 
Boilean,  hart,  of  Ketteringham-park,  Norfolk. 

At  his  residence.  The  Villa,  Qaomdon,  aged  68, 
John  Cartwright,  esq.,  J.P.  for  the  county  of 
Leicester. 

At  Bragea,  aged  75,  Henrietta,  widow  of 
Lieut-Col.  Campbell,  of  Newcaatle-on-Tyne. 

At  Gloucester,  by  his  own  hand,  agfd  26,  Mal- 
colm Drummond,  Viscount  Forth,  only  aon  of 
the  Earl  of  Perth.  The  deceased,  who  waa  bom 
at  Naples  in  18M,  served  for  a  short  time  in  the 
42nd  Higblandera,  but  retired  in  1864,  and  in  the 
following  year  he  married  Harriet  Mary,  eldeet 
dau.  of  the  Hon.  Adolphua  Capel,  and  niece  of 
the  Earl  of  Eosex.  A  short  time  ago,  alter  some 
moat    aeandalona    expoaorea    in  the    Dirorce 


1861.] 


OaiTOAKY. 


577 


Conrt»  tbe  deeetMNl  enM  to  Glotice«ter,  and* 
under  iUe  name  of  Dtptalo  Dromaiond,  took  up 

\  ftbode  at  rut  hotel,  lo^ctber  with  a  female 
LSMid  for  UU  wife.  Thu  person,  irbo  it 
I  bad  dtt«rtod  her  buabaud,  died  on  the 
morning  of  the  8th  of  October ^  &fter  firing  hirlfa 
tt»  &  r^male  child,  and  the  deoeated  in  the  coumo 
of  the  Mune  dA]r  h wallowed  &  qas&ntity  of 
Inufltinuin,  which  cttut#-d  hift  deitlh.  The  coro- 
iier'«  Jury  rctvinied  a  verdict  of  temporiLry  la- 
pan  ity. 

Oct.U.  Henry  AuitiOi  esq,,  drU  Engineer, 
Mr.  Austin  WAS  a  pu|^  of  the  late  Mr.  Rohert 
StepUeiuon,  and  aiaLited  with  the  drawings  for 
the  [thim)  London  and  Binnmgham  RailwnTf 
and  tbc  I^ondon  and  BtacliwiiU  Railway.  He 
afterward*  oceompanied  the  late  Lieut.  Woghom 
throui^h  Italy,  at  th«  time  the  latter  wok  orMJifr- 
ktf  the  Or er land  Aoute.  Mr,  Austin  acted  lu 
honursry  secretary  of  the  Society  for  the  Im- 
proTcment  of  Town§  that  was  founded  hy  Mr. 
Hick*on  and  others;  and,  on  the  e^tahlijhiiient 
of  the  ftrst  Board  of  Health  (In  1M8J,  wns  ap- 
pointed iecretar)'.  He  also  acted  for  a  time  oi 
Joint-eeoretary  of  the  Sewcn'  Commiiaitin.  Wljen 
the  duUe«  of  the  Board  of  Health  were  under- 
taken by  the  Priry  Council,  he  was  appointed 
Iii«pcctor  under  the  new  Act^  and  continued  to 
bold  that  office  till  he  died.  Mr.  Aufttin  married 
a  «iater  of  Mr.  0.  arle<t  Dickens.  ljtfl.immatlon  of 
the  throat,  the  result  of  a  aevere  cold,  waa  the 
prox^fmate  cause  of  hii  death. 

Oct.  10.  At  Clo veil y -court,  Bidcford,  Deron, 
aged  70,  Sir  Jame«  Hnmlyn  Williams,  hart  The 
decea«ed,  who  was  bom  in  1700,  married,  in  1S3I, 
Lady  Mary,  dau.  of  the  ftrrt  Earl  of  Porteicue;, 
and  was  thvreforf'  brother-in-law  of  the  late  and 
unole  of  the  present  Rurl.  Ha  la  succeeded  in 
the  title  and  cttates  hy  his  brother,  Kear>Adm. 
Cbarlr*  Hstnlyn,  who  wan  married  in  1833  to  the 
youngest  dan,  of  Sir  Nel»on  Bycrolt,  bart. 

AtTuiin.  Emily,  wido^*  ofOinint  Adrien  Thsoa 
dr  ReTcl.  Sardinian  MJniater  at  the  Court  ol 
Vienna,  and  davu  oif  the  late  B«iU  MontafS, 
esq.,  Q.C. 

In  Fulham-road,  Brompton,  aged  38,  Sophia, 
wife  of  the  Rfv,  William  Mauii. 

At  South  Kensington,  aged  3^,  Ann  Ellaabeth, 
wife  of  the  Rev.  J,  W.  L,  Bowlcy,  Chsplaln  of 
the  Royal  Naral  Female  School,  Ijileworth. 

In  Finabary-*^.,  ogred  21,  Ethel  Ridley,  young- 
est furrlvi  ng  dan.  of  the  late  Her,  R.  Raw  tins, 
of  Limehonse,  and  step-da u.  of  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Burnet^  Rector  of  St.  James's^  Osrllckhithe 

Oct.  it.  At  BifTooi,  near  Conterbary,  aged  91, 
the  Dowager  Marehlooess  of  Conyngbam.  See 
OarrcAftT. 

At  Porti^bello,  aged  74,  Major  George  Dawsoa, 
late  7ard  Rtgt. 

In  Sussex -pL,  Hyde^park,  aged  IS,  Mary,  duu. 
of  tbe  late  ^r  Jamet  Oordoo,  bart,  of  Oor- 
doii»town  and  Lettcrfourie,  and  wife  of  WUliam 
liSheu,  esq.,  one  of  H.M/s  Serjeants-at-Law. 

At  Broadgate,  Plltoa,  North  Devon,  the  rest- 
denoe  oi  her  aoa-iD-law,  aged  81,  A.nne  Catherine, 
widmr  of  Li«il.-0«a.  Lawrcnoe  Deabanmglu 

At  BiOftAiraa^ourt.  WorotiMnhltt,  Margery, 


relict  of  the  Rev.  Edward  Freeman,  late  Bcetor 
of  Fclton,  Herefordshire. 

At  Skirbeck-bouse,  Lincolnshire,  oged  76,  Xoha 
Rawson,  eiq.,  J. P. 

At  Leamington  Priors,  WarwlckHh.,  Catharine, 
widow  of  tbe  Rev.  H.  J,  Madduck,  formerly 
Fellow  of  Magdalen  CH[>llege,  Cambridge,  and 
Incoiuhent  of  lioly  trinity,  Hudderafleld. 

Oct,  12.  At  Home-lodge,  Wimbledon,  Frances, 
widow  of  tbo  Right  Hon.  Sir  G«o.  Henry  Boaew 

At  B-ithwlck-hill-villa,  Bath,  aged  €»,  Major 
John  Watson  Pringic,  K.E.  The  deceased  entered 
the  army  in  1S09,  and  served  with  tbe  Roj-al  En- 
ginecra  in  the  Fcnlnflula  from  1610  to  the  end  of 
the  war  in  ISH.  He  took  part  in  tbe  bnttlei  of 
Nivc  and  Nivelle,  where  he  was  wounded,  and 
was  present  at  the  uiTestmcnt  of  Bayonne.  He 
served  alao  ditrlog  the  eampaigrn  of  1815,  and 
was  Mvcrely  wounded  at  Waterloo,  In  recogni- 
tion of  his  scrrices  the  deceased  hod  reeolTed  th« 
WOT  medal  with  three  clasps. 

At  the  Royal  Naval  Hospital,  Plymouth,  ag«a 
i&,  Wm.  B^ford,  eaq..  Master  K^N^  after  a  lon^ 
and  lingering  Ulneos,  brought  on  by  his  activ« 
and  arduous  duties  during  the  EnMian  war. 

Oct,  13.  At  hi«  houw,  Clnpbam-eommon,  aged 
7B,  Sir  William  Cubitt,  knt.,  F,R.S.,  Ac,  Civil 
En^neer.  The  deceased  was  bom  to  1785,  at 
Dilham,  in  Norfolk.  In  early  life  be  assisted  hia 
father,  who  carried  on  the  buiineaa  of  a  miller ; 
bat  quitting  this  occupation,  he  was  apprenlioed 
to  a  Joiner.  In  hit  new  employment  he  coon 
acquired  the  character  of  a  ftrHt'dasa  workman, 
and  became  especially  tkillcd  in  making  agri- 
cultuml  implements.  Not  long  afterwards  he 
adopted  the  trade  of  a  millwright,  and  obtained 
ample  employment  in  the  eriH^Uon  of  machinery* 
In  1807  he  promulgated  his  invcnilon  of  the  self- 
regulating  windmill  sails.  Shortly  afterwards 
h«  become  connected  with  Meaars.  Ransome  and 
8on,  the  agricultural  implemaat  makers  of  Ipt- 
wlch.  Me«Bia.  Ronsome'a  bniineas  ext«li4cd  be- 
yond the  mere  manufacture  of  agricnlinral  la- 
Rtmmenta ;  and,  acfordingly,  Mr.  Cubitt  wa« 
cxtemiTely  engaged  in  the  construction  of  gas- 
works. In  connection  with  prison  discipline  his 
name  will  be  remembered  u  tbe  inventor  of  the 
treodmUl,  which  has  since  been  introduced  into 
nearly  all  Her  Majesty's  gaols.  In  1838  Mr.  Cubitt 
settled  in  London  as  a  eirU  engineer,  and  im- 
mediately was  engaged  In  works  of  the  most 
important  character.  In  1827  an  act  wai  passed 
for  tbe  improTcment  of  the  Norwich  and  Loweo- 
toft  navigation,  and  Mr.  Cubitt  was  appointed 
engineer.  The  object  was  to  open  a  aavigatiMt 
for  sc<i-gnlng  veas«ls  Arum  Yarmouth  or  Lowes- 
toft to  Norwich.  To  effect  this,  Mr.  Cubitt 
united  the  river  Ware  with  the  Waveney,  thence 
to  ihe  small  lake  of  Gulton  Brood,  through  Lakt 
lathing,  with  a  passage  onward  to  tbe  aea, 
7O0  yards  long  and  40  wide— Lake  Lothtng  being 
thus  farmed  into  an  artlflelal  harbour.  This  un- 
dertaking was  completed  In  1829.  Among  hIa 
subsequent  employments,  he  designed  the  t^nlh- 
£aateni  Railway,  IncludinHr  the  removal  of  the 
Bound  Down  Cliff  by  blniitin^,  which  feut  waa 
under  hi«  siipcnjitL-iidir'ucc.      He 


578 


Obit  Cast. 


[Not. 


p^trinteiutinf  watAhfialn««i  over  the  »iutnietiria 
r»f  tAA  bQiUlinfr  for  die  Oreat  Exhihitioa  of  lUl 
In  Hyle  F%rk.  lit  reeinved  th€  boDoor  of  kniif ht- 
h/K««l  for  thoA  crmtr.tMitiBff  hia  •eiemtifk  ezpcri- 
eiuM  in  earryinjf  oat  the  ondertaidnf.  The  Lut 
irrMt  wr^kji  npon  whieh  fHr  William  CaMtt  wm 
niffaf  M  w^r*  the  two  larire  flMitixur  irtai^M  in  the 
M*r**j  %t  Ijverpool,  and  the  iron  bridfe  aero« 
the  M»«iwar  at  koeb«rter. 
At  B4tn,  acred  M,  Ueat.-CoL  D.  B.  Smith,  late 

At  hn  r^tddence,  Cantle  Hedingham,  EmeXf 
MftA  lift,  Oftorge  Xottidfe,  enq. 

fn  fViwbrjroaflrh-mirdena,  Pimlieo,  Caroline, 
wlff!  of  Wm.  Wallaee  Jkott,  enq.,  and  aeeond  dan. 
of  th^  late  Wm.  Tajlor,  fiiq.,  of  the  Home  Ofllee. 

At  !-.t.  Leonard'n-OD'Sea,  of  apoplexj,  Mffed  4ft, 
OrvaiMe  J.  Waldo  Hibthorp,  enq.,  M.P.,  of  Can- 
witM'hzM^  near  IJneoln,  and  of  Potterilln,  Hertii. 
Jhf.  d^c^eaaed,  while  on  a  lUhing  exconioo  lome 
frw  mrmth*  iiinee  in  Herbynhire,  wtM  leized  vith 
|yar»ly«l4,  from  which  he  aoon  rallied,  but  never 
tUtn'^tffMj  reciTered.  On  Wednenday,  the  9th  of 
(H-uAuTT,  howi^er,  he  left  Tanvi  ick  for  a  short  m>- 
J/Mim  in  thf  fw>iith,  in  comparatively  food  health, 
and  aft^r  a  nhort  stay  In  Lrmdon,  proceeded  to  St. 
f^rmard'fl,  whf^rr  he  arrirod  on  the  12th.  In  the 
coijrv  of  the  following  day  he  wai  taken  iraddenly 
ill  from  (iompremiirm  of  the  brain,  and  within  two 
b'/iirnhf  had  breathed  hin  laiit.  The  death  of  Major 
HiMhorp  caiine*  a  raeancy  in  the  representation 
of  Mnr/>ln,  which  city  he  has  represented  in  the 
Con«rrvatlve  interest  idnce  the  death  of  his  father. 
Col.  (Charles  de  I^act  Waldo  Hibthorp,  on  the 
Hth  of  Drcember,  IHM.  In  politics  the  Major 
WHS  a  LiberaMkmserratiTe.  Major  Hibthorp 
owned  ritfnslTi*  estates  In  Lincolnshire,  and  also 
In  Oxfordshire,  Hertfordshire,  Middlesex,  York- 
shire, and  Nottinghamshire.  He  is  succeeded  in 
thfHtr  {NMsessions  by  bin  eldest  son,  Mr.  Coningsby 
Chiirleti  Waldo  Hibthorp,  a  youth  fifteen  yean 
of  afre. 

AK«*d  05,  Boyd  Alexander,  esq.,  of  Ballochmyle 
and  Houth  liarr,  youngest  son  of  the  late  Claud 
Alexander,  esq. 

Ort.  14.  At  Ht.  Heller's,  Jersey,  Mqjor  George 
Hartley,  late  Mth  llegt.  He  served  In  the  Co- 
rnnna  camimign,  and  subsequently  in  the  Penin- 
aiiU,  fk-om  March,  1811,  to  the  end  of  the  war. 
Ilr  was  engaged  at  Almares,  Alba  de  Tormes, 
llalghar,  Vlttorla,  Pyrenees,  and  Paropeluna. 
He  had  received  in  recognition  of  his  service* 
the  war  medal  and  twoclaspa. 

At  Torquay,  aged  S2,  Bhoda,  third  dao.  of  Sir 
Oe<n'gp  I/Kstrange. 

Aged  84,  John  Ward,  esq.,  of  Hatfield  Pererel, 
Kasex. 

Orf .  15.  At  bia  realdcnce,  Oloucettcr-at,  Port- 


man-4q.,  aged  80,  WuBam  X.  T. 
esq.,  of  Courtfleld,  HercCarddure. 

At  Lewuham,  aged  M.  Ana,  rdict  of  CoioMl 
John  Bell,  B.E.LC.  Serviee. 

Oct.  14.  At  Oefatertyre,  Sa  WS22iaa  Keith 
Mnrray.  bart.^  of  Ochtertyrei. 

At  Dresden,  after  a  short  fTTneM,  Aogrutaa, 
cideat  son  of  the  late  Brr.  Lord  Aagumtam  Rtx- 
Clarenee,  aged  13. 

At  his  residence,  Grevillfr-taroaae,  ChcUcBhaaw 
Lieat.-CoL  Edward  Ford  HamiTtnn,  late  of  the 
Bombay  Army. 

In  Somenct-at.,  Portmaxi'aq.,  aged  73»  Mary 
Anne,  widow  of  J.  D.  M.  Fitzgerald,  eaq. 

At  Highbory-grange,  aged81,Thai 
eaq. 

At  the  Tkarage,  Great  Totham,  agedM,  ] 
wife  of  the  Rev.  M.  Gretton  Denaia. 

At  Lowestoft,  aged  80,  William  Cleralaad,  eaq. 

Oct,  17.  At  Cadogan-terraca,  Chelaea,  aged  M, 
Jonathan  Henry  Oldileld,  esq.,  late  ot  Hewortli- 
Okoor,  York. 

At  Blenheim-hooae,  Byde,  lala  of  'Wight, 
aged  71,  Mary  Ann,  widow  of  the  Ber.  Jaaaea 
Dyke  Molesworth  Mitchell,  MJL^  Beeter  of 
Quinton,  Northamptonshire. 

At  Crawfordsbum,  near  Belfast,  WUliaiB  Sher- 
man Crawford,  esq.,  formerly  M.P.  for  Doadalk 
and  Rochdale. 

Oct.  18.  At  his  residence,  Soothlaiid-Tina, 
Slaugham,  Sussex,  aged  75,  Rich.  John  Evcxcttt 
esq.,  late  of  the  H.E.I.CS. 

At  Lowestoft,  aged  63,  Edmimd  Norton,  esq., 
solicitor. 

In  London,  Lieut.  Richard  Carey,  of  Her 
Majesty's  Indian  Navy,  eldest  son  of  Capt.  Carey, 
Royal  Navy,  Elie,  Fife. 

At  Haygraas-housc,  Somerset,  Thonoas  Tcmple- 
man,  esq. 

Oct.  19.  At  his  residence,  Calverley-periL,  Ton* 
bridge  Wella,  aged  76,  John  Newton,  eaq. 

At  Richmond,  Surrey,  aged  28,  Thurbnm,  only 
■on  of  the  late  Galloway  Bey. 

Aged  48,  Emily  Austin,  wife  of  the  Bcr.  Wm. 
Drake,  Vicar  of  Holy  Trinity,  Coventry. 

At  Arcot-hall,  Northumberland,  aged  50, 
Henry  Shum  Storey,  esq. 

At  Hythe,  Thomas  Butler,  esq.,  formerly  of 
Ivy  church. 

In  Half  Moon-st,  Piccadilly,  suddenly,  aged 
67,  Ann  Howard,  widow  of  Charles  Henry  Bar- 
ber,  esq.,  Q.C. 

Oct.  20.  At  his  residenoe,  Brooklands,  Tavis- 
tock, aged  73,  Thomas  Gill,  esq.,  Dep.-Lieat.  for 
the  county  of  Devon,  and  formerly  X.P.  for  Ply- 
mouth. 

At  Scarborough,  Mary  Barbara,  wifb  of  Chas. 
G.  Fairfax,  esq.,  of  Gilling  Castle,  Torkahire. 

Aged  65,  John  Irving  Glennie,  esq.,  of  Deron- 
shire-st.,  and  Doetors'-oommons. 


14 


186L] 


579 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  AND  BIRTHS  IK  THE  DISTRICTS  OF  LONDON. 

(From  the  Returns  iHM^d  fty  the  lUgiHrar^QencraL) 

DEATHS  REGISTERED, 


i 

Deaths  in  District*,  kc,  in  the  Week 

BUPBRDTTEITDENT 

Area 

Popnk-   1 

ending  Saturday, 

RSO  ISTfiJLBB' 

m 

tioii      1 

PWTEICTB. 

Statute 
Acres 

in       ' 
1861. 

T 

Oct. 
5t 

C»ct.      Get, 
12.        19, 

1861. 

1861. 

1861 

.  !  1861. 
64-6 

Mean  TempcratuF© 

63-8 

59*t 

68-3 

Londtm 

78029 

2803921 

1108 

1147 

1113     1065 

l^G.  \V«t  Districte   . 

10786 

463373 

168 

188 

188       165 

741.  Nortli  DUtricU  . 

13633 

618201 

233 

241 

200       220 

It'VX  Central  DUtrieU 

1938 

378058 

14SJ 

151 

im       167 

20.25.  East  DwtrtcU     . 

6330 

671129 

201 

234 

231       233 

26'aa  South  IKgtricts  , 

46542 

773160        357 

333 

330       300 

Deatlu  Registered- 

Birilw  R^giitered* 

'     Week  ending 

%.    Ut    ^ 

n 

if 

ii 

3    1 

1 

i 

4 

a 

Saturday, 

^a 

8i 

s| 

H 

s| 

H 

1 

1 

1 

SepU     28    . 

576 

Ifla 

166 

176 

29 

110(8 

925 

923 

18-18 

Oct.         5     . 

^57 

119 

148 

119 

'40 

1147 

923 

895 

1818 

..         13    . 

617 

116 

149 

15'J 

37 

1113 

865 

818  , 

1683 

n         19     . 

670 

113 

163 

156 

33 

1065 

954 

892 

lSt4i 

PRICE  OF  COR^\. 

Average  \    ^Mieat, 

Barfey, 

Oata. 

Rye* 

Beaiw. 

Peas. 

of^ir     \    M.    d. 

s.    J, 

*.     d. 

s.    rf. 

#.    d. 

f.     d. 

WeekH.  J    65    9 

36  IQ 

22    9 

35    7 

42    4 

39    4 

^  O^Jie^"^}  6^^M9^M2    6      I     86    3     |408      |     436 

PRICK  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITH  FIELD,  Oct.  17* 

Hay,  2/.  Ot.  to  5Z.  0#.  —  Straw,  1/.  8#,  to  XL  16^.  —  Clover,  3^.  10#.  to  BL  0*. 

NEW  HETROPOLITAN  CATTLE-MARKET. 

To  gink  the  Ofljkl— per  atone  of  8lb«» 


Beef .„.4f.  U.toU.  Od, 

Mutton ,...4#.  Bd,  to  h9,  8rf. 

Veal .......4*.  6^/.  to5*.  2rf. 

Ptirk 4«.  8(2.  to5#.  4d. 

Lamb... ^ Ot.  0<2.  to  0«.  Oci. 


Head  of  Cattk  at  Mnrket,  Ocr.  17. 

Beasts 1.J40 

SluK?p ,,...      4v430 

Calvca .„ ,....,.,  225 

Pig» .....;...* 270 


COAL-MARKET,  Oct.  21. 
Wallieiid,  per  ton,  IHt.  M.  to  \\k.  9d.    Other  BorU.  12«.  6cf.  to  16^.  GJ. 


680 


METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  by  H.  GOULD,  late  W.  GARY,  181,  Strakd. 

Thennometer. 

U^rom. 

Thermometer 

Baitmi. 

SI 

1 

5=; 

WMtHer. 

^ 

<-4 

Weather. 

Sep 

0 

o 

© 

in. 

pti. 

Oct, 

a 

0 

0 

in. 

pt8. 

24 

56 

64 

'  52 

2a 

40 

cloud/^  rain 

9 

60 

66 

65 

29, 

90 

rain^  eldy,  Mr 

£g 

S5 

67 

51 

29. 

28 

hvyxonst.rain 

10 

52 

64 

59 

29. 

86 

doudy.  fair 

2B 

53 

60  1 

49 

29. 

67( 

cloudy 

11 

62 

70 

52 

29. 

41 

hFy.  m.  til.  Ig. 

Sfl 

50 

63 

63 

29. 

89 

foggy,  fair 

12 

68 

63 

69 

29. 

91 

cloudy,  feir 

£8 

54 

61 

65 

29, 

81; 

cl.coQst.hyjii, 

13 

60 

68 

63 

29. 

9^1 

fnir 

29 

66 

S^ 

54 

29. 

83 

rmti,  cldy.  fair 

14 

53 

71 

68 

29. 

98 

do. 

30 

57 

70 

61 

29. 

SO, 

eldy,  imin,  fair 

15 

57 

68 

56 

30. 

9 

cloudy,  fair 

oa 

69 

71 

61 

29, 

69 

foggy, ni.cldy,: 

16 

53 

58 

49 

30, 

17 

do. 

2 

56 

&4 

56 

29. 

87 

fair 

17 

49 

58 

51 

30. 

22, 

do.  fair,  rain 

B 

56 

64 

56 

80, 

8 

ralti,  &ir 

18 

60 

69 

48 

3a 

9 

do.  do. 

4 

57 

68 

56 

30. 

6 

Mt 

19 

47 

60 

50 

29. 

88 

foggy,  fair 

£ 

53 

67 

60 

29. 

94,1 

foggy,cldy.m. 

20 

50 

68 

53 

29. 

87 

do. 

6 

5S 

58 

67 

30. 

14! 

mill,  cloudy 

21 

51 

57 

65 

29. 

83 

cloudy,  rain 

7 

59 

67 

67 

29. 

99i 

cloudy,  f«^gf  J 

22 

53 

58 

50 

29. 

76 

tmn 

6 

59 

1 

73 

62 

29 

n 

fuggy*  fair           23 

60 

58 

63 

29. 

»i 

cloady,  fair 

DAILY  PRICB  OF  STOCKS. 


Sept, 

Ipet 

ap«f 

and 

C*ttt. 

Cent. 

Oct. 

Qmsolt, 

iRedoeed. 

24 

93       4 

90^  1| 

25 

93       { 

90|   U 

26 

93       i 

901  li 

27 

^3       1 

90i  U 

28 

92    3i 

001^  U 

SO 

92     3 

901     i 

O.l 

92     3 

90f  1 

2 

92      1 

m  i 

3 

92i^  3 

m  H 

4 

92|    3 

901  li 

6 

92     3 

90f 

1 

921  3 

90J  1 

8 

92i  3 

901  li 

9 

92i  3 

91       1 

10 

921    t 

90i     i 

IX 

m  1 

m  i 

12 

921     t 

90i     1 

14 

92i     I 

901     1 

16 

92       f 

9oi    i 

16 

m  i 

901     t 

17 

92^    f 

901     i 

18 

92*    f 

m  t 

19 

92i    t 

m  1 

21 

92f     i 

901     I 

22 

921     1 

mi  i 

23 

m   1 

901     i 

New 
3  per 


91   I 

90i  U 

m  u 

90|  li 
91   4 

90|  1 
901  1 

m  i 

90t  U 
901  II 
901  1* 
901  1 
901  li 


91 
90f 
90i  1 
90*  ■ 

90# 
90i 
90* 
901 
90* 
901 
901 
90i 
901 


Bank 
Stock, 


Shut 


^  8  pm, 
I.  5  ptn. 
K  8pra, 
J.  2  pm. 
3  pm, 
paf.  6  pm. 
3.    9  pm. 


231  a 

232  3 
232 

232 
232     3 

2311  n 

232     3 
233 
231     3 
233 

232 


Ex.  Bills. 
£1,000, 


dift.  } 


Idk. 


3,  9  pm. 
par.  9  pm. 
par,  9  ptn. 
par,  7  pm. 
par.  9  pm. 
par,  8  pm* 
par.  2  pm. 

3.    9  pm. 

6.  9  pm. 
par*  9  pm. 

3.  9  poa. 
1.    9  pm, 

4  pm* 

1.    4  pm. 

4  pm. 

4.  10  pm. 

6. 1 1  pm. 

5. 12  pm. 


India 
iUiek, 


222 
222 


India 

Bondf, 
£1,000, 


211* 
221*  3 


222 
221* 


223 


224 


222*  4 


13  pm, 


9  pm. 


13  pm. 


11. 15  pm, 
11.13pra. 

11  pm. 

11pm. 


10  pm. 

14  pm. 


14  pm. 


India 


103t     I 
1031     I 


1031 
103*     I 

loa*    I 

1021  3i 
103  f 
102*  H 


103| 

103* 
103* 

103* 

log 

103* 
103* 
103* 
103* 
103t 
1031  , 
1031  4* 
1031  41 
104  t 
104*  k 
lot*  I 

lOH  I 
1041  I 


ALFRED  WHITMORE, 

Stock  and  Share  Broker, 

19,  Change  Alley,  London,  E.C« 


paiinso  BT  KSMas.  jovm  RaxaT  axd  jame*  tamkmm. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S    MAGAZINE 


AUD 


HISTORICAL    REVIEW. 

DECEMBER,  1861, 


CONTENTS. 

9AQM 

MINOR  COURESPONDENrP.,— Low  SWe  Windows.— LoUi»d».— Ancient  lli?d  ColOttr.— 

A  ProTCTb,— Little  London ,....        582 

Kent  Arcbieologicftl  Society — A  New  Couiity  History 588 

Kcale's  Notea  on  Dalniatm,  &c , ,.. 592 

Ikhe  Dfcipbermcnt  of  Cuneiform  In&criptioni   *......, 600 

'  jPlw Boomiday  Book  for  K<?nt   ..., 606 

I  Rmiarki  on  PoititA  of  Resomblance,  &e.,  between  tbe  Naves  of  ChHst- 

eburch  and  Durb&m    ,.,.« 607 

Swiss  Antiquities    ,.... , , 610 

Life  and  Correspondence  of  Admiml  Sir  Cbarles  Napier,  K,C.B,    ., ...,.,,*.,  611 

ORIGINAL  DOCrMENTS,-LclterB  of  Sir  William  Emgrdalc*  621 ;  A  Yorlwhirc  Inventory        624 

ANTIQUARIAN  AND  LITERARY  INTELLIGENCER,-.Nuraiimftttc  Society.  625;  Bath 
Liternrj  und  Sotcntmc  Institulictu*  G26 ;  Bucks.  Archa>ologic»l  and  Architectural 
AMOcinUon,  62&;  Chester  Arebvoiog^tcal  &od  HLntoik  ^rit^tv,  631;  Chrbtcharoh 
Ar«h(roli>icical  Awociation.  634;  Kent  Archi:polojriexil  Society,  C36;  Leice«ti;nibire 
Architectural  and  ArcbsiKilOtficaJ  Society,  €  s7  ;  Sueicty  of  AnliquuHefl,  N«wcutle- 
nimn-Tync,  64S;  Norfolk  una  Norwich  Archceolo^ical  i$ociety.  nnd  Suffolk  Institute 
ot  ArchETolotty,  611 ;  BomerMtJhlre  Arch(i^oloirJiciil  nnd  Nattinil  HiKtory  Society,  G47  ; 
Surrey  Arch««loffic*l  Society,  650 ',  Worcester  Architecttiiul  Sodety,  6^1 ;  Yorkslure 
PhiliMiophiottl  Society „ ,,..,...„.»„.... .,,., 603 

e^PONDENCE  OF  STLYANU8  URBAN.— ThA  Funily  of  Henser,  SM ;  Birthplace 
of  Wycllffe^  6j6;  America^  before  Columbiu,  65*;  In^U  and  Mr.  Riley,  659;  The 
P«eQdo-lTiffuU,  and  Hugh  Capet,  &c.,  0(il ;  Obtru«h  Rook,  Yorkshire,  662;  Tlte 
Olutonbury  Catcndtr,  GtfS ;  The  Church  of  Son  Clcmtnte,  Rome,  664  ;  NorthboroURh 
ond  QUnton  Churcbcft— IUikiq  AlinBtcr,  065;  Norwich  CHthcdral  — ^  S«mbcnito  and 
CuroKa»66(i;  Dugdiile's  Worwickahire :  Monuments  of  Che  Biurdetta ...'.....        507 

THE  NOTE-BOOK  OF  8TLVANUS  URBAN  , , 668 

HISTORICAL  AND  MISCELLANEOUS  REVIEWS,  —  FaotWIirs  Fire  J4t&fcM  -  The 
WMom  of  Solomon,  670;  Brx3derip*i  Tiny  Tttdpole  and  Other  Talet— The  Life-boat 
— ^e  East  Anglian^ History,  Opiuiona  and  Lnoubrationa,  ol  Isaac  BickLrstiiff,  Esq.         QJl 

APPOINTMENTS,  PREFERMENTS.  AND  PROMOTIONS  „ 672 

BIRTBS  ...,.„..., ..« 673 

MAEEUOES ...,...» 675 

OBITUARY  ^  ~'  ;;  of  Poitngal— The  Emperor  of  Cbina,  679;  Dowafci  Marchioneta 
Con  VI  ( itwrn  Graham,  Burt.,  6so ;  John  Mathew  Oateb,  Esq.,  e«3 ;  John  G. 

Uomii  >4a;  Chrlaiopher  Hcnr^  Hcbb,  Esq.,  667;  Richard  Oasdef,  Esq.   ,..        680 

CLERGY  DECEAsiED    .,... „ „„ 6tlO 

DBATB8  ARRANGED  IN  CHRONOLOGICAL  ORDER 691 

Refiatrar-Generta'i  Return  of  Mortality  and  Blrtha  in  the  Uctropolii*- Markets,  699; 

MetMrolofical  Diary—Daily  Price  of  Stocka 700 


By  SYLVANUS  FEBAN,  Gent, 


MINOR  CORRESPONDENCE. 


NonOB. — Stlvantjs  Urban  requests  hit  Friends  to  observe  that  Reports,  Chrre* 
spondencey  Books  for  Seview,  announcements  of  Births,  Marriages,  and  Deaths,  ^'c, 
received  after  the  20th  instant,  cannot  be  attended  to  until  the  following  3£onth, 


LOW  SIDE  WINDOWS. 
Mb.  Ubban,  —  In  the  notice  of  Mr. 
Nichols'  volume  of  the  Camden  Society, 
"  Narratives  of  the  Days  of  the  Reforma- 
tion," contained  in  the  number  of  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine  for  the  present 
month,  the  following  extract  appears : — 

"  The  papistes  too  bwlde  them  an  alter 
in  ollde  master  Whyght's  howse,  John 
Craddock  hys  man  being  clarcke  to  ring 
the  bell,  and  too  help  the  prist  too  mass, 
nntyll  he  was  threatned  that  yf  he  dyd 
use  too  putt  hys  hand  owit  of  the  wyndow 
too  ring  the  bell,  that  a  hand-goon  sholde 
make  hym  too  smartt,  thatt  he  sholld  nott 
pull  in  his  hand  agayne  with  ease." 

May  not  this  quotation  explain  the  use 
of  the  low  side  windows  found  in  the 
chancels  of  many  churches,  which  have 
afforded  so  much  ground  of  speculation, 
viz.  that  they  were  used  (when  a  sancte 
bell-turret  did  not  exist)  for  the  purpose 
of  the  clerk  or  attendant  ringing  out  of 
them  a  hnnd-bell  at  the  time  of  the  eleva- 
tion of  the  Host,  to  admonish  the  faithful 
outside  to  fall  upon  their  knees  ? 

This  explanation  of  the  use  of  these 
singular  windows,  which  probably  may 
have  been  suggested  before,  certainly  ap- 
pears at  least  as  probable,  and  as  consonant 
with  the  circumstances  under  which  the 
windows  are  found,  as  any  of  the  numer- 
ous theories  which  have  been  propounded 
on  the  subject. — I  am,  &c.  J.  S. 

Oct.  31, 1861. 

LOLLARDS  •. 

Me.  Urban, — Probably  Mr.  Thackwell 
is  right  in  his  derivation  of  "  Lollard." 
The  account  given  of  their  origin  by 
several  German  writers  (e.g.  Hase,  Kir- 
chengeschichte,  p.  328,  eighth  edition),  is 
this: — A  society  was  formed  in  the  Ne- 
therlands, about  1300,  in  a  time  of  plague, 
for  the  purpose  of  attending  on  the  sick 
and  dead.  These,  from  the  low  death- 
song  or  dirge  which  they  used,  received 
the  name  of  Lollards,  (from  lollen  or 
lulUn,  our  "  lull,")  or  "  Nollbruder." 

•  See  Okxt.  Mao.,  Not.,  1861,  Minor  Corr. 


Further  information  may  be  foond  in 
Mosheim's  treatise  De  Beghardis  et  Be- 
ffuinabus ;  and,  if  my  memory  serves  me 
right,  in  Dr.  S.  R.  Maitland's  "Eight 
Essays,"  and  in  Mr.  Shirley's  edition  of 
the  Fasciculi  Zizaniorutn  ;  neither  of  the 
two  latter,  I  think,  advocating-  the  view 
which  I  have  mentioned  above,  bnt  I 
have  at  present  no  means  of  referring  to 
them. — I  am,  &c.  S.  C. 

ANCIENT  RED  COLOUR. 

Mb.  Ubban,  —  Observing  recently  a 
painter  busy  oiling  the  south  door  of 
York  Minster,  and  knowing  it  to  be  tlie 
only  door  which  retains  its  ancient  Ver- 
million colour,  I  asked  him  what  the  com- 
position was  with  which  it  was  colonred, 
and  he  told  me  rud  (a  sort  of  red  chalk) 
and  bullock's  blood.  This,  on  further  in- 
quiry, I  found  was  an  old  tradition  among 
the  vergers  in  the  Minster.  As  I  never 
remember  to  have  seen  this  before,  I 
should  be  obliged  if  some  one  of  your  an- 
tiquarian correspondents  would  say  what 
constituted  the  colouring  used  for  this 
purpose  in  the  ancient  cathedrals. 

I  am,  &c.  W.  H.  Clabke. 

York,  Nov,  15,  1861. 

A  PROVERB. 

Mb.  Ubban, — Will  any  of  your  readers 
kindly  inform  one,  who  perhaps  ought  him- 
self to  know  it,  where  the  proverb,  **  Vita 
brevis,  Ars  longa,"  is  originally  to  be  met 
with  ? — I  am,  &c.  A.  B. 

Nov.  11,  1861. 

[In  Hippocrates;  of  whose  first  Apho- 
rism it  is  a  translation.  See  Rilejr^s  •*  Dic- 
tionary of  Latin  Quotations,"  p.  27.] 

LITTLE  LONDON. 
This  designation  is  found  applied  to 
small  portions  of  several  towns, — for  in- 
stance, at  Chichester;  Newport,  Isle  of 
Wight;  Milbourn,  St.  Andrew's,  Dorset- 
shire, &c.  Can  any  of  your  readers  assign 
any  reason  for  the  appellation  ?  The  nime 
query  may  apply  to  "  Little  Britain"  in 
London  ? — I  am,  &c  H. 


KENT  ARCH^OLOGICAL  SOCIETY— A  NEW  COimTY 
HISTOIIY. 

In  reyiewing  the  Becond  volame  of  the  Archi^ologia  Canisanat  in  the 
early  part  of  this  year  *,  we  called  attention  to  the  very  practical  nature  of 
the  work  undertaken  by  the  Kent  Society,  A  glance  at  our  summary 
of  the  contents  of  that  volame  would  shew  that  while  antiquitieSr  strictly 
BO  called,  had  a  due  share  of  attention,  they  hy  no  means  engrossed  the 
energies  of  all  the  members  of  the  Society,  but  that  one  of  tlieir  nymber 
at  least  was  bent  on  rendering  a  permanent  service  to  the  landed  gentry 
of  the  county  by  placing  before  them  the  unimpeachable  evidence  of  title 
to  their  broad  acres.  We  allude  to  the  Rev.  Lambert  B.  Larking,  the 
Vicar  of  flyarsh,  in  reality  the  founder  of  the  Society,  and  until  recently  its 
honorary  Secretary.  This  post  the  rev.  gentleman  resigried  at  the  Maid- 
stone meeting  in  July  \ml^\  on  the  ground  of  failing  health,  and  the  para- 
mount claims  of  his  professional  duties.  But  for  his  positive  declaration 
on  this  point,  we  would  fain  have  hoped  that  another  motive  might  have 
bad  its  influence,  viz.,  that  he  might  have  leisure  to  carry  out  a  project, 
the  benefit  of  which  will  not  he  confined  to  Kent  j  we  mean,  supervising 
the  publication  of  the  volumitious  Collections  of  the  late  Rev.  Thomas 
Streatfeild.  of  Chart's  Edge,  who  for  nearly  half-a- century,  with  the  most 
enthusiastic  ardour^  devoted  all  the  energies  of  his  life  lo  the  accumulation 
of  materiab  for  a  new  history  of  his  native  county.  In  this,  it  appears,  he 
had  a  zealous  coadjutor  in  Mr.  Larking,  and  the  survivor  is  laudably 
anxious  that  the  fruits  of  so  much  labour  should  be  given  to  the  world  by 
pieans  of  the  press.  But  this  is  a  subject  to  which  we  shall  return,  ailer 
a  brief  notice  of  the  contents  of  the  volume  now  before  us,  which  is  the 
third  issued  by  the  Society. 

In  the  first  place,  we  must  remark  that,  in  illustration  as  well  as  in  out* 
ward  appearance,  the  Kent  Society's  publications  have  all  along  been  of 
a  very  high  order  of  merit.  The  present  volume  contains  six  handsome 
lithographs  of  antiquities,  four  of  which  are  fully  coloured,  one  representing 


: 


584  Kent  Arcimological  Society —  [Dee. 

the  famous  necklace  of  beads  find  gold  coins  found  at  Sarr;  another, 
a  splendid  fibula  of  chased  gold  inlaid  with  carbuncles,  second  only  to  the 
celebrated  one  in  the  Faussett  collection ;  a  third,  the  metal  bowl,  all  from 
the  same  spot  *" ;  and  a  fourth,  presents  a  further  selection  from  the  collec- 
tion of  Anglo-Saxon  jewellery  from  Faversham,  now  in  the  possession  of 
Mr.  Gibbs  of  that  place,  many  objects  from  which  have  been  exhibited  at 
the  annual  meetings  of  the  Society,  as  we  have  heretofore  recorded  *.  Of 
the  uncoloured  plates  one  is  a  representation  of  the  extraordinary  bowl 
discovered  at  Lullingstone  in  the  railroad  excavations ;  and  the  other  is  an 
etching  of  the  Roman  columns  from  Beculver,  which  the  Society  has  been 
so  fortunate  as  to  rescue  from  ignoble  uses  in  an  orchard  near  Canterbury, 
and  to  place  under  the  care  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter,  who  have  erected 
them  near  the  baptistery,  on  the  north  side  of  the  cathedral. 

No  greater  proof  of  the  activity  and  valuable  services  of  this  Society  can 
be  given  than  the  rescue  of  these  relics.  It  appears  by  the  account  of  the 
transaction  given  at  p.  135,  that  the  vigilant  zeal  of  Mr.  J.  B.  Sheppard 
had  discovered  the  columns  in  a  rubbish  heap  in  an  orchard ;  he  announced 
the  discovery  to  Mr.  Roach  Smith,  who  communicated  it  to  the  Hon. 
Secretary,  that  gentleman  applied  to  Canon  Robertson,  and  within  three 
posts  after  the  first  account  of  the  discovery  by  Mr.  Sheppard,  the  treasure 
was  secured.     This  is  real  work,  and  creditable  to  all  concerned. 

The  remainder  of  the  illustrations  are  wood- engravings,  of  rare  merit, 
and,  by  the  kind  permission  of  the  Council  of  the  Society,  we  reproduce 
a  few  of  them,  which  relate  to  one  of  the  most  satisfactory  instances  of 
church  restoration  that  has  lately  come  to  our  knowledge.  The  printing 
and  binding  of  the  volume  are,  as  before,  excellent,  and  this  mentioned,  we 
may  pass  on  to  a  brief  notice  of  the  more  important  matter  of  its  literary 
merits. 

Passing  over  the  usual  preliminary  matter,  as  list  of  members,  and  pro* 
ceedings  at  the  Dover  meeting  in  1860,  (the  latter  duly  recorded  in  oar  own 
pages ',)  we  find  an  elaborate  paper,  by  the  late  lamented  Dr.  CardweD,  on 
the  Landing-Place  of  Julius  Csesar  in  Britain,  a  subject  that  has  before 
now  occupied  a  place  in  the  Transactions  of  the  Society.  Dr.  Cardwell 
controverts  the  arguments  of  the  Astronomer  Royal,  and,  on  the  strengUi 
of  high  nautical  authority  at  the  present  day,  declares  that  ''  the  evidence 
preponderates  in  favour  of  the  coast  of  Deal  as  the  landing-place  of  Julias 
Caesar."  We  give  an  extract,  for  the  purpose  of  shewing  the  straight- 
forward, practical  way  in  which  the  learned  Camden  Professor  set  about 
procuring  a  solution  of  the  problem  :— 


<  For  a  full  account  of  the  discovery  of  this  necklace,  and  the  other  antiquitici^  i 
OxNT.  Mao.,  Not.  1860,  pp.  535 — 537. 
^  QxNT.  Mao.,  Sept.  1859,  p.  275;  Sept  1860^  p.  285. 
•  Ibid.,  Sept  1860,  pp.  285—288. 


186L] 


0  New  County  BUtory> 


685 


"I  am  well  acqniiinted  with  Folke«tone  and  its  harljour;  anil  there  are  there  iJirewd 
tnd  sensibte  tnt'n  whose  buaiQess  lies  apon  the  water,  and  is  constantly  impeded  or 
promoted  by  its  corretita.  To  men  of  ihia  description  I  put  several  quest iocft,  nnd 
received  from  them  deliberate  answers.  I  give  the  two  following,  merely  observing 
that  the  qaestions  were  given  and  the  answers  returned  in  writing ; — 

*'  *  How  soon  after  high^water  does  the  stream  b^in  to  run  down  Channel  P* 
Answer  i  *  In  two  hours.* 

'* '  How  long  afterwords  does  it  oontinise  to  ron  down  Channel  f*  Answer :  *  Five 
hours.' 

"  Thig  information  differs  materfallj  from  the  notices  of  the  tide- tables,  * . . 

"  In  the  course  of  the  inquiries  made  at  Folkestone,  I  met  with  ccrtmin  distinctions 
which  appeared  to  be  of  great  impoKance  in  the  determination  of  this  question. 
I  found  that  there  wia  a  difference,  and  in  some  eaaes  a  great  difference,  between  the 
times  of  the  stream  in-ihore  and  iu  mid-cIiamieL  I  had  reason  to  believe  that  though 
the  tide  in  mid-channel  turned  four  hours  after  the  Folkestone  high-watt^r,  the  tide 
in-shore  turned  two  hours  snd  a  half  after  that  time*  Is  it  not  possible  that  the  bosii 
obtained  from  the  tide- tables  eitpresaes  the  rule  which  prevails  in  the  open  Channd, 
and  that  Csesar  haviug  anchored  off  Lbver^  and  probably  withlu  a  short  distance  from 
the  land,  was  governed  by  the  exceptional  tide  which  prevailed  m^shore?  , .  . . 

"  How  then  was  this  problem  to  be  solvtd  P  There  is  one  person'  above  all  others 
at  Dover,  on  whose  judgment  reliance  would  be  placed  in  a  disputed  question  of  this 
nature.  Aocostomed  to  cross  the  Channel  iu  command  of  an  important  acrvice,  he 
has  a  peraonal  knowledge  of  its  currents,  and  much  responsibility  attaching  to  that 
knowledge;  connected  by  long  experience  with  the  harbour  and  the  ofBtig  at  Dover, 
he  is  locally  ucquuinted  with  the  times  and  directions  of  the  stream  in  shore.  His 
autboritj  is  more  valuuble  than  that  of  the  tide-tables,  because  it  embraces  the  ex- 
ception OS  well  as  the  rule,  aud  can  be  brought  to  bear  upou  the  question  not  merely 
as  a  general  principle,  but  as  a  direct  answer  to  an  indiridual  case. 

"  I  have  had  the  good  fortune  to  obtain  the  information  I  desired  from  this  autho- 
rity,  I  learn  that  the  tides  at  Dover  are  very  complicated;  that  the  stream  begins  to 
run  down  Cltannel  at  half-ebb,  that  is,  about  three  hours  after  high-«  ater,  and  thut  it 
continues  to  run  down  Channel  until  hidf-Hood ;  that  the  stream  begins  in-sbore  about 
an  boor  sooner  than  in  mid-chauuelt  with  sprrng-tides,  and  with  neap-tides  Is  ollen 
two  hours  earlier  in  changing.  From  this  statement  it  follows  that  from  the  nine 
hours  intervening  between  the  time  of  high-water  and  the  retnm  of  the  ^ood  up  the 
Channel  we  must  deduct,  under  common  circumstances,  one  hour  and  a  half  to  satisfy 
the  in>shore  difference.  The  interval  remaining  is  seven  hours  and  a  hal>',  the  exact 
interval  which  passed  between  high-water  and  the  three  o'clock  when  Ca?sur  stitrted. 
May  not  the  state  of  the  tide  have  been  one  of  the  reasons  which  made  him  remain  so 
long  and  no  longer  at  his  anchorage? 

"But  the  matter  was  brought  to  a  crisis  by  the  following  question ; — 

*•  *  Many  yeaw  ago  some  transports  hiy  off  Dover,  my,  half  a  mile  from  the  shore  • 
on  that  day  it  was  high-watt  r  at  7.31  a^m.,  the  transports  lay  off  till  three  o'clock  p.m., 
and  then  sailed  with  the  tide ;  which  way  would  they  go,  up  the  Channel,  or  down 
the  Channel  P 

*'The  answer  was  aa  follows : — 

ited  with  the  tide  in  their  fnvour 


»  day  in  qncstic 


transports. 


ftt  8  pwm,,  with  a  7^1  a.m.  tide,  mast  have  gone  up  Channel  on  the  first  of  the  tlood, 
and  proeeeded  to  the  eastward/  "— (PP- 14—16.]^ 


'  Captain  Smlthott,  R.N.,  the  weU*knowu  Commander  of  the  Dover  and  Calais 
Kail  Packet  Service* 


r 


1861, ]  o  New  County  History.  68f 

The  Rev,  R.  C.  Jenkins,  the  rector  and  vicar  of  Lymbge,  has  a  very 
learned  and  interesting  paper  On  the  Connection  hetween  the  Monasteries 
of  Kent  in  the  Baxon  Period^  mainly  in  illyatration  of  the  miDed  church 
within  the  precincts  of  Dover  Castle ;  which  church,  we  ma?  remark  by 
the  way,  la  "mined**  no  longer,  hut,  having  been  happily  placed  in  the 
hands  of  Mr-  Scott,  it  baa  not  Buffered  like  the  generality  of  "  restored  " 
buildings. 

Mr.  Roach  Smith,  in  a  letter  to  the  Hon,  Secretary,  describes  the  Anglo- 
Saxon  Remains  recently  Discovered  in  various  Places  in  Kent,  his  commu- 
nication having  reference  to  the  splendid  coloured  engravings  that  we 
have  already  noticed.  His  decision  is,  that  the  coins  from  Sanr  are 
Merovirigian  imitations  of  the  9o!i4i  of  the  Eastern  Empire,  and  from  such 
an  authority  this  is  conclusive. 

Mr.  Eye,  of  the  British  Museum,  prints  an  interesting  Catalogue  of  the 
Library  of  the  Priory  of  St.  Andrew,  Rochester,  a.b.  1202.  The  library 
contained  about  280  volumes  (several  consisting  of  more  than  one  work), 
upwards  of  thirty  of  which  are  now  in  the  British  Museum,  where  the 
Catalogue  itself  was  found  among  the  old  Royal  MSS-.  and  is  now  for  the 
first  time  pnnted.  It  is  valuable,  as  another  proof  that  the  **  dark  ages*' 
were  not  quite  so  destitute  of  booka  as  it  waa  once  the  fashiou  to  repre- 
ient  them, 

Mr.  Flaherty  offers  some  new  and  most  valuable  remarks  on  The  Great 

Rebellion  in  Kent  in  1381,  in  illustration  of  a  series  of-  hitherto  unpub- 

^  lished  records.     The  commotions  are  shewn  to  have  bad  a  wider  range 

both  of  time  and  objects  than  is  commonly  eupposed,  and  the  subject  is  to 

be  further  treated  in  another  volume, 

Mr,  Street  describes  the  recent  Restoration  of  the  Church  of  St.  Mary, 
Stone,  near  Dartfords,  an  edifice  that  has  many  points  of  similarity  of 
design  to  Westminster  Abbey,  while,  in  the  judgmenl  of  the  accomplished 
architect,  *'  it  is  a  remarkable  fact,  that  in  care  and  beauty  of  workmanship 
the  little  village  church  is  undoubtedly  superior  to  the  minster,"  The 
engravings  that  we  borrow  may  assist  our  readers  in  forming  their  own 
conclusion  on  this  rather  startling  assertion : — 

•*  The  chancel  ooMists  of  ii  weAtom  buy  of  7  feet  in  depth,  from  eait  to  west  i  and  east 
of  thUof  two  bays,  each  21  ft.  2  in.  wide  and  16  ft.  3  in,  long,  from  ccBtrc  to  centre  of 
the  groining  shafts.  The  Wist  hay  baa  uo  witidowB,  hat  there  is,  a»  I  have  laid^ 
a  imoe  of  a  doorway  in  tho  »outh  waU.  The  other  bays  have  encb  three  divisions  of 
walharc^ing  od  marble  shafU,  and  the  east  vmll  haft  fi>ttr  divisiona  of  the  same  arcade. 
The  spandiik  of  theae  arcade*  are  filled  in  with  aculptared  foUa^»  so  beflotifnl  and 
delicate  in  iU^executton,  and  ao  nervom  and  Tigoroaa  in  tts  design,  that  I  helieve  it 
nay  aafely  be  pronounced  to  be  among  the  very  best  ecolpture  of  the  age  that  we  have 
la  thia  oonntry.     I  shall  ha^'e  to  ent«r  agun  upon  the  subject  of  thla  portion  of  the 

•  This  paper  has  been  printed  separately,  and  may  be  had  in  a  handaotne  thin  8vo, 
of  Mr.  J.  U,  Smith,  8oho-square.  It  la  pnbliiUed  for  the  benefit  of  the  Stone  Church 
Restoration  Fund. 


1861.] 


a  New  County  Histortf. 


689 


intiquary  in  the  hands  of  the  sequestrators*  whose  proceedings  we  recom- 
mend to  tlie  consideration  of  their  admirers.  Then  succeed  Miscellanea, 
illueitrative  of  Wyatt's  RehellioD,  Kent  Worthies,  Letters  and  Willi, 
and  lastly,  further  instalments  of  Pedes  Finium  and  Inquisitiones  post 
Mortem,  which,  we  are  glad  to  see,  are  not  to  be  abandoned^'.  Their 
publicatioDj  as  we  have  before  remarked*  is  of  national  importance. 

One  article,  which  we  have  reserved  for  our  conclusion,  is  a  notice, 
by  Mr.  Larking,  of  the  late  Rev.  Thomas  Streatfeild,  of  Chart's  Edge, 
This  gentleman,  who  died  in  184B,  aged  71 ',  devoted  much  the  greater 
part  of  bis  life,  and  a  very  large  amount  of  pecuniary  means,  to  the  col- 
lection of  materials  for  a  new  History  of  Kent ;  and  he  has  left  behind  biniy 
not  only  manuscripts  and  drawings  which  may  be  counted  by  the  thousand » 
but  upwards  of  600  copper-plates  and  wood-blocks  all  cut  expressly  for 
the  work.  Besides  employing  his  own  pencil  (he  was  a  masterly  artist 
as  well  a«  a  faithful  copyist),  he  retained  Mr.  Herbert  Smith  "^  to  copy  the 
portraits  of  Kent  worthies*,  and  he  had  Mr.  Stainsby,  the  wood-engraver, 
almost  constantly  in  his  bouse  cutting  blocks  of  seals  and  other  relics.  He 
put  forth  the  prospectus  of  his  County  History  in  1836,  and  so  warmly  was 
it  received,  that  not  only  were  the  records  and  muniments  of  all  the  ancient 
Kentish  famiUes  freely  offered  to  his  investigation,  but  in  a  few  weeks  he 
had  forwarded  to  him  the  names  of  more  than  300  subscribers,  who  had 
confidence  that  his  talents  and  industry  would  give  them  their  money'i 
worth  for  the  twenty  guineas  and  upwards  that  the  work  was  to  cost. 
Well  may  Mr.  Larking  exclaim >  "  Even  in  Kent^  a  parallel  instance  of 
honourable  support  is  hardly  on  record,"  But  as  far  as  Mr.  Streatfeild 
was  concerned,  this  was  not  to  be  : — 

**  He  hoped  to  oommence  the  publication  of  liiii  groat  work  on  an  early  day  after 
the  iMue  of  bis  prospeolaB.  '  I>eQ  aUter  rixumJ  At  the  very  momt^nt  of  exuUtng 
tbutikflilBefls  that  he  had  been  spared  to  inftugurate  tlio  darling  project  of  hi*  lLle» — 
^  a  bUtory  of  our  county  8urpa«sing  iiny  that  hjid  ever  been  produced  or  conceived,  on 
a  icato  grand  and  perfect,  such  m  'poatcrity  ilionld  be  on  willing  to  forget,' — he  was 
struck  with  poralysijit  and  all  the  brilliant  pro^pecta  wbicli  had  aillured  hiinaelf  and 
delighted  hi«  frienda  vaniithed  for  ever.  Verily,  on  the  choicest  object*  of  bamaii 
ambition  hm,  the  finger  of  our  God  written  '  Vanity !' " 

It  must  surely  be  an  object  with  every  lover  of  county  history  that  so 
much  labour  should  not  be  allowed  to  have  been  expended  in  vain.  It  la 
true  that  Kent  is  not  without  its  historians ;  on  the  contrary,  it  is  mora 
favoured  in  that  respect  than  many  other  districts  ;  but  it  must  be  allowed 
that   Lambarde*    Phillpott,  Harris,    and  Hasted    (not    to    mention  minor 

^  See  Gbkt,  Mao.,  Feb.  1861,  p.  140  H  teq.  »  Ibid.,  July,  1848,  p.  99, 

^  Thia  gentleman  funiiabed  a  pcipcr  on  Kentish  Bnuaea  to  the  first  volume  of  the 

Society's  Proceedings,  as  mentioned  in  GiwT,  Mao.,  Sept.  1859,  p.  244. 

1  AnKmg  tbeae  we  may  mention  Cutbbert  Vaugban,  Arclibiabops  Warhiun  and 

C?ranmer,  Sir   Philip  Sydney,  Algernon  Sydney,  Sir  Tbomas  Heneage,  Sir  Moylo 

Finch,  the  two  Twytdena  (Sir  Roger  and  hla  brother  the  Jiidgo)^  Sir  £.  Deringv 

Sir  Norton  Kuiitchbttll,  Col.  Bays,  Sir  E.  Filmcr,  Lamborde,  Ac 


590 


Kent  Archeeohffical  Soeieltf — 


[Dec. 


names)  have  tefl  much  ta  be  done  by  such  men  as  Mr.  Streatfeild  and  Mr. 
Lurking.  The  first  has  finished  hts  course^  and  from  the  second  we  have 
to  eirpect  little  more  than  the  supervision  of  the  work  of  others,  "  yoaogCT, 
and  more  competent,"  His  plea  of  "  advancing  years,  and  the  absorbing 
duties  of  a  holy  calling^/'  may  be  good  as  to  entrusting  much  active  work 
to  *'  younger'*  labourers,  but  **  more  competent"  ones  will  not  readily  be 
found ;  at  any  rate  the  work  should  not  be  deferred,  lest  the  superrtsicm, 
the  **  speeding  on  of  the  good  work/^  which  Mr.  Larking  proffers,  ehouM 
also  be  lost. 

We  understand  that  something  like  the  following  plan  will  be  adopt 
if,  as  we  can  hardly  doubt  will  be  the  case,  sufficient  names  are  sent  in  to 
represent  a  guarantee  fund  of  £6,000.  The  command  of  this  sum,  it  is  cal» 
culated»  will  ensure  the  printing  of  the  work  in  several  handsome  quartos^ 
abounding  in  illustrations  by  copper-plates  and  woodcuts,  which,  judging 
from  the  specimens  in  the  volume  before  us,  will  be  all  that  such  illustra- 
tions should  be,  both  as  to  accuracy  and  beauty.  It  is  proposed  to  have 
one  editor  in  chief  (for  whose  competency  Mr.  Larking  would  pledge  him- 
self), and  subordinate  editors  for  all  the  several  departments  that  should 
be  found  in  a  really  complete  work  on  Kent  If  we  might  indulge  in  the 
dream  of  naming  the  brilliant  corps,  we  should  strive  to  secure  tbeir  ser- 
vices as  follows  : — For  Primasval,  Roman,  and  Saxon  remains,  Mr,  Roach 
Smith ;  for  parochial  history,  that  of  the  respective  incumbents ;  general 
history,  if  such  a  hope  might  be  entertained,  should  be  the  province  of 
one  who  has  already  treated  of  St.  Augustine,  and  Becket,  and  all  the 
glories  of  Canterbury,— we  need  not  name  him, — and,  as  we  are  taught 
by  his  paper  in  this  volume,  the  Rev,  B,  Jenkins,  of  Lyrainge ;  architecture, 
charters  and  documents,  and  gcnealogj^  would  all  pass  through  hands  well 
accustomed  to  each  department  j  end  the  physical  features  of  the  county^ 
its  geology,  botany,  and  zoology,  its  farming,  its  manufactures,  and,  in  one 
phrase,  its  social  condition,  would  be  treated  of  in  a  way  to  connect  the  pre- 
sent with  the  past  and  the  past  with  tlie  present,  fusing  all  into  one  har- 
monious whole,  and  thus  shewing  the  real  ends  and  aims  of  such  associa- 
tions as  the  Kent  Archaeological  Society. 

What  degree  of  support  the  Society,  as  such,  is  about  to  afford  to  the 
projected  publication,  we  know  not,  but  probably  it  will  be  found  that 
nothing  more  than  good  wishes  and  hearty  recommendation  can  be  relied 
on.  Its  menibers  individually  must  do  the  work,  if  it  is  to  be  done  at  alL 
Comprising,  as  these  do,  so  large  a  proportion  of  the  wealth  and  intelli* 
gence  of  the  county,  we  really  cannot  anticipate  any  difficulty  to  tho 
matter.  A  committee  of  management  could  easily  be  formed  from  amon^ 
the  noblemen  and  gentlemen  who  had  signed  the  guarantee  bond,  and  their 
names  would  give  such  confidence  that  a  speedy  filling  up  of  the  subscrip- 
tion list  would  be  the  natural  consequence.  No  one  who  has  a  materia] 
tntereat  in  the  honour  and  prosperity  of  Kent  need  fear  that  he  will  involve 
himself  in  unpleasant  liabilities  by  signing  the  guarantee^  far  that  the  re- 
1 


i 
i 


ySH 


18GL] 


a  New  Comfy  History. 


591 


^Plpa 


-iponsibility  would  be  merely  nominal  may  be  fairly  presumed,  from  the 

eadiness  with  which  Mr,  Strealfeild*8  original  prospectus  was  responded 

to.     Added  to  thts  is  the  consideration^  that  since  the  dcsi^  was  ilrst 

imnnounced,  an  alteration  of  the  law  of  partnership  has  been  effected,  which 

irould  allow  of  the  formation  of  a  joint*stock  company  with  limited  lia- 

lliility  for  the  purpose  of  producing  the  work.    Publication  would  hardly  be 

Ir  proper  term,  as  of  course  it  would  only  be  issued  to  aubscribers  ;  and, 

Ikftcr  allowing  ample  payment  to  the  editor  and  suitable  remuneration  for 

Taluable  service  to  all  concerned  (with  one  exception),  it  is  believed  that 

the  price  would  be  materially  less  than  was  at  first  statedj  a  result  brought 

about  by  the  liberality  with  which  the  representatives  of  Mr,  Streatfeild 

place  all  his  labour  and  costs  at  the  disposal  of  the  county  at  a  merely 

nominal  sum. 

The  one  exception  to  the  rule  that  the  labourer  is  worthy  of  his  hire  ia 
made  by  Mr.  Larking  in  his  own  case.  He  declines  all  remuneration — due 
honour  to  his  friend,  and  their  common  native  county,  suffice  for  him;  and 
as  these  are  days  in  which  such  disinterestedness  is  not  always  met  with, 
we  trust  that  the  nobility  and  gentry  of  Kent  will  not  he  &o  indifferent  to 
their  own  inttrests  as  to  neglect  an  opportunity  that  may  never  again  be 
offered  to  them* 

*'  For  oumelves,"  says  Mr.  Lurking,  "  it  will  bo  a  fubject  of  grutitudo,  should  we  be 
red  to  evince  the  love  and  veiieratiou  that  we  ever  must  retain  for  our  dear  friend*« 
tnemory,  by  speeding  ou  the  work.  It  was  the  uppernao«t  wish  in  our  heart,  lui  we 
lient  over  his  grttvo^  and  took  ©ur  Inst  Jeiive  of  liis  remains,  that  wo  might  he  enabled 
to  U»9tifjf  oar  aileciion,  and  to  porpetuate  lfu»  meinory,  by  giving  to  the  world  that 
which  hu  was  not  permitted  himself  to  complete.  Our  day,  however,  ^is  we  have 
already  intmintedj  is  gone  by.  Our  heart's  desires  roust  now  be  eaiTied  out  by  others; 
but,  In  i\m  ftpirit,  we  apiM?«l  to  all  who  prijte  the  honour  snd  historic  glories  of  our 
county,  that  they  will  enuble  iw  to  re^illze,  with  regard  to  Tuomab  STfiKATFElLD,  the 
boast  of  the  great  Rotnan  biognipher, — *QuicH|uid  ex  Agricola  amavimiis,  qulcquid 
inirMti  snnins,  munct,  maniuromque  «»t.' 

"Ho  will  it  be  to  us  a  gmtification  beyond  price,  alUdt  aecompiuiied  by  miuiy 
a  sorrowful  remembFance,  that  our  appeal  has  not  been  in  vain. 

'  Mituibns  date  liUa  ptenis, 
PurpureOB  spargani  florcs,  KuinuLmque  .... 
His  saltem  aceumalein  dams,  et  fungar  ifumi 
Mimerc.' " 

We  have  already  intimated  that  Mr.  lurking  has  des^erved  well  of  Kentish 
proprietors  by  his  labour  in  rendering  accessible  the  Pedes  Finium  and 
Inqui$itione8  post  Mortem^  wherein  so  many  of  them  will  find  a  clear 
title  to  their  lands  provided  for  them  without  the  expense,  delay,  and  un- 
certainty of  legal  advice  "^,  and  we  cannot  believe  that  so  enhghtened  and 
wealthy  a  body  will  let  his  present  propoaition  fall  to  the  ground. 


•  Gtin,  Ma0.,  Feb.  1801,  p.  144. 


QxHT.  MAa.  Vol.  OCX  I. 


4a  • 


592  [Dec 


NEALE'S  NOTES  OW  DALMATIA,  &c .• 
This  is  a  very  singiilar  book,  and  eyidently  the  production  of  an  eooentric 
and  extraordinary  character.  It  contains  rough  materials  safficient  for 
two  or  three  distinct  works,  each  calculated  for  a  separate  class  of  readers, 
if  the  author  would  only  have  been  at  the  pains  to  work  up  his  rongli 
"Notes"  into  a  readable  shape;  but  in  their  present  form  they  are  m 
confused,  undigested  mass  of  deep  learning,  careful  observation,  stirring 
incidents  of  travel,  and  very  obscure  archaeology,  making  up  a  melange 
of  which  one.third  will  be  found  interesting  and  entertaining  by  many, 
the  remaining  two-thirds  entirely  unintelligible  to  most,  and  singolarly 
out  of  place  in  a  book  of  travels.  We  are,  however,  indebted  to  Mr.  Neale 
for  a  good  deal  of  curious  information  respecting  districts  seldom  visited 
and  little  known;  and  although  the  main  object  of  his  journey  seems 
to  have  been  a  theological  one,  to  obtain  information  respecting  the 
Glagolita  Rite,  for  which  our  readers  in  general  care  very  little,  this 
does  not  detract  from  the  value  of  the  information  obtained  incidentally 
on  other  subjects. 

The  chief  fault  which  we  find  with  the  archaeological  portion  of  the  book, 
with  which  we  are  chiefly  concerned,  is  that  the  author  seems  to  delight 
in  making  it  as  hard  and  unintelligible  as  possible  to  ordinary  readers. 
This  is  the  more  provoking  and  tantalizing  because  he  shews  in  several 
instances  his  power  of  telling  us  the  actual  or  probable  dates  of  the  hnild- 
ings,  and  giving  us  a  plain,  intelligible  account  of  them ;  but  he  will  not  do 
so,  because  he  will  not  give  up  the  absurd  gibberish  of  the  particular  small 
school,  or  clique,  to  which  he  belongs :  possibly  Mr.  Neale  may  be  able  to 
tell  us  what  was  the  date  and  the  character  of  the  firtt  Painted  style  in 
these  eastern  provinces  of  Europe,  but  he  does  not  condescend  to  give  his 
readers  the  smallest  clue  to  it ;  and  certainly  no  man  can  say  what  will  be 
the  last  Pointed  style  anywhere;  and  how  we  are  to  know  the  middle 
without  knowing  either  the  beginning  or  the  ending  passes  our  compre- 
hension. Again,  we  can  scarcely  guess  what  period  is  meant  by  the  flarly 
Romanesque  in  Dalmatia;  we  may  conjecture  that  it  means  the  earliest 
imitations  of  Roman,  but  of  what  period  are  they  ? 

We  cannot  understand  why  a  small  volume  of  travels,  well  calcolated 
to  be  highly  interesting  to  the  general  reader,  should  be  disfigured  by  so 
many  hard  words,  which  no  one  who  happens  to  be  ignorant  of  the  Greek 
language  can  possibly  understand,  and  which  are  puzzling  even  to  those 

•  "  Notei,  Eodesiological  and  Picturesque,  on  Dalmatia,  Croatia,  Istria,  Styria,  with 
a  Visit  to  Montenegro.  By  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Neale,M.A.,  Warden  of  SaekviUs  OoUcge." 
(London:  Hayei.    12mo.,  206  pp.) 


186L] 


Neale's  Notes  on  Dalmatia,  ft-c. 


69a 


who  hare  had  the  beTie6t  of  a  classical  education.  The  pole  oliject  ap- 
pears to  be  to  render  the  volume  entirely  useless  to  the  uninitiated,  rf  if 
intended  only  for  a  very  small  and  specinl  class  of  persons  of  the  particular 
school  in  theoloj^y  of  which  Mr.  Neak  is  a  leader.  But  why  should  it  have 
been  confined  to  them  ?  What  ordinary  reader  can  understand  such  terms 
as  Bezirk^  iolea*^  finrthex  f  If  such  technical  terms  were  necessary, 
Mr,  Neale  might  have  condescended  to  add  a  few  foot-notes,  or  a  gln«?BRry 
at  the  end,  for  ihe  use  of  the  unlearned.  His  own  learning  is  so  deep  that 
he  cannot  comprehend  or  make  allowance  for  the  ignorance  of  others. 
How  many  persons  of  ordinary  education,  who  take  up  this  hook  for 
arausement,  have  ever  heard  of  the  Qlagolita  Bite  hcfore?  This  suhject 
occupies  a  third  of  the  volume*  and  that  portion  of  ihe  work  contains 
a  great  deal  of  learning  from  which  the  information  may  be  gleaned ; 
but  two  or  three  pages  of  Introduction,  to  ejtplain  the  object  and  plan 
of  tfie  work  and  the  subjects  of  which  it  treats,  are  much  needed. 

But  we  critics  who  sit  at  home  at  ease  must  give  due  credit  to  those 
who  give  up  their  time,  their  strength,  and  their  money  to  exploring  new 
districts  for  us,  often  not  without  great  fatigue,  and  sometimes  considerable 
Ldanger*  as  is  evident  from  parts  of  tliis  book,  though  they  are  modestly 
I  told,  without  any  fuss  or  pretensions  based  upon  them.     We  confine  our- 
selves to  the  archoso logical  part  of  the  book,  and  merely  observe  in  passing 
that  the  author  seems  to  have  a  singular  sympathy  with  those  who  stand 
or  have  stood  in  an  isolated  pos^Jtion,  such  as  tlie  Glngolitans,  and  Antonio 
de  Bominis,  of  whom  a  very  good  biographical  sketch    is  introduced ; 
[  though  we  are  tempted  to  ask  what  it  does  here  ?  and  whether  it  is  not 
ratlier  out  of  place  ? 

Mr,  Neale  begins  with  a  short  account  of  Austria  Proper,  and  shews 
I II  strong  feeling  in  favour  of  the  Austrian  government  and  autocmts  iu 
[general,  with  which  we  are  not  concerned,  so  we  pass  on  to  our  proper 
'  suhject: — 

"Tbo  Vttllcy  of  the  Danube,  tlien,  from  DonaiiwertTi  to  Faiaau^  abotinds  in  charchcs, 
for  the  most  pnrt  framed  in  the  same  tiiotdd.  Genorally  etxsaktng,  wnsiU,  they  Imvo 
hchuncel  or  nove  with  north  or  eouth  aisle  j  tower,  urty where  rather  thiiii  at  the  west 
land;  tullish,  the  fiqnare  eunDoniited  bj^  not  bevelled  int^,  an  octagon:  and  that 
Ifiniflhec]  hy  a  (later)  hulb  and  spirelet.  Tbe  oquare  prepoiidenit«t  over  the  apsidnl 
F-fn*t  entl;  and  the  further  we  advance  east,  the  more  comijlt^ttly  b  this  the  rose.  Who 
iu'dl  solve  for  us  tltis  great  problem  ? — Why  ia  Enf^land  the  mother  coimtry  of  thi*  one, 
iFrnnce  of  the  other,  icbool  ?  and  why  do  stone  TauUings  and  gabled  towers  belong  to 
Itbc  lilt  tiT,  w(XK]i*n  roofs  and  square  t^ywcrs,  or  fpirea,  to  the  farmer  F  T\x\b,  I  take  it, 
I  utMt  of  the  deepest  qnostiona  in  ecdesiology/' — (p,  S.) 

Tliis  18  a  very  curious  and  interef^ttng  quesiion,  whicli  we  ^hotild  be  glad 
[to  see  properly  investigated ;  but  Mr.  Neale  does  not  throw  much  light 
Mpon  it. 

**Aml  now  two  tJitl  Venetiiin  towers  lifted  themsflvwi  op  on  n  distant  hill;  and 
{HifiBiii};  lljrough^  for  ;4ii  himr  more,  »  siirorteiuu  of  the  bttm«>'  Kt'iiery^  we  began  to 
Ofcjir.  Hao.  Voi.  CX^XI.  4  a 


594  Neal^s  Notes  an  Dalmaiia,  ifc.  [Dec. 

ascend  tbc  high  hill  on  which  Boje  (prononnoc  the  j  ai  jr)  standi.     Here  we  ^ncd 

at  the  post-ofiice — conndering  all  things, 
a  tolerable  meaL  The  churdi  wluch  we 
had  seen  to  the  left,  S,  Maria^  tamed  ont 
worthless,  the  other,  8,  Sefvmlmt^  is  the 
d-devant  cathedraL  These  IstrLui  sees 
mnst  have  been  very  smalL  The  Betiri 
of  Bnje,  (and  the  diocese  could  not  have 
been  larger)  only  contains  14^000  inhabit- 
ants, and  twelve  fivings.  This  chnrch  is 
large,  bnt  entirely  rebailt  —  the  ancient 
font  alone  remains — ^late  in  the  twelfth, 
or  early  in  the  thirteenth  oentnry.  Here 
it  is. 

"  Bnilt  into  the  north  wall  are  two  Ro- 
man heads  in  high  relief,  with  the  respec- 
tive legends :— c  yaijuuvS  .  I.  taxicsits. 
Y...I.  c --.:.. Jrai  cf  3  s..-.u.us  j^  cnrioos  circular  stone  is  inserted  in  the 

western  facade ;  it  is  sculptured  with  host  and  chalice*  with  the  inscription — 

CPS  DXli 
The  tower  of  S.  Servnlns  is  detached,  and  stands  on  the  north  nde  of  the  nave ;  a  very 
common  Istrian  position.     Of  the  four  saints  bearing  the  name  of  Servnlns  who  occnr 
in  the  calendar,  this  is  doubtless  the  martyr  of  Trieste,  who  suffered  under  Numerian, 
about  A.D.  284."— (pp.  72—74.) 

The  Cathedral  of  Parenzo  in  Istria  is  extremely  curioas  and  interesting, 
and  Mr.  Neale  gives  us  a  better  account  of  it  than  nsual,  with  a  plan  and 
some  lithographic  drawings,  very  well  executed,  and  we  think  that  he 
quite  makes  good  his  point  that  it  was  built  in  the  sixth  century.  There 
is  a  roost  striking  resemblance  between  the  capitals  here  given  and  some  in 
the  church  of  S.  ApolIinare-in-Classe,  at  Ravenna,  which  we  know  to  be  of 
that  period.  The  symbolical  or  allegorical  meaning  of  the  sculptures  on 
these  capitals  req^iires  further  investigation;  and  the  subject  is  so  well 
suited  for  Mr.  Neale,  and  requires  so  much  of  his  peculiar  learning,  that 
we  are  surprised  he  should  have  passed  it  over  so  lightly.  The  same 
subjects  occur  frequently  on  capitals  in  the  south  of  France  and  in  other 
districts,  down  to  the  twelfth  century  or  later,  and  there  is  no  doubt  that 
some  text  of  Scripture  is  intended  to  be  illustrated,  but  what  it  is  has  not 
hitherto  been  pointed  out.  Romanist  writers  are  no  better  informed  than 
Anglican  on  these  points :  the  traditional  meaning  is  lost ;  they  can  only 
make  conjectures ;  and  Mr.  Neale's  conjectures  would  be  as  likely  to  be 
correct  as  those  of  any  other  person. 

"  Of  the  nave  caps,  I  have  given  two.  Others  represent  a  floriated  cross^  with  the 
monogram  of  Ktiphrasius,  (very  pretty) ;  four  vultnres  alternating  with  foor  jars ;  ibor 
swans  alternating  with  four  conple  of  comncopis ;  foar  swans  alternating  with  four 
oxen."— (p.  81.) 

"  I  have  then  little  doubt  that  Enphrasins  1.,  first  Bishop  of  Pftrenzo,  lived  earlier 
in  the  sixth  century,  when  Istria  was  in  communion  with  Rome,  and  built  this  church 
during  the  |M>ntificate  of  John  1.  (523-526).     It  is,  thercforei  of  the  very  deepest 


CAPITALS   FROM  THE  CATHEDRAL  OF  PARENZO.  ISTRIA, 
A.D.    523-526. 


1861.] 


Neale't  Notes  on  Dalmatia,  ^Cr 


695 


interest.  To  continue  oiir  historical  notice,  we  find  in  the  year  961  that  the  cathedral 
was  well-nigh  ruined  hy  certain  barbarous  Slaves ;  and  that  its  then  bishop,  Adam, 
the  scTenteenth  prelate,  repaired  it  and  re-consecrated  it.  In  1233,  we  find  Bishop 
Adelpert  consecrating  the  high  altar.  In  1277,  as  we  shall  see.  Bishop  Otho  erected 
the  present  baldachin.  In  1434  Citta  Nova  was  united  to  the  sec  of  Parenzo  by 
Eugenius  IV. ;  in  1451  Pope  Nicholas  V.  again  separated  it,  and  joined  it  to  Venice. 
There  are  no  further  changes  which  we  need  particularize.  The  present  bishop,  Antonio 
Peteani,  is  much  interested  in  the  history  and  restoration  of  his  cathedral." — (p.  79.) 


VViHUru  Fa^udo  of  Church,  IidaDd  of  Su  Calbtrino,  Islria 


Oround-plan  of  Church.  lalond  of  St.  Catherlnr.  Istria. 

The  description  of  the  mosaics  was  quoted  in  full  in  a  recent  number  of 
this  Magazine,  and  need  not  be  repeated,  but  they  help  to  confirm  the 
history,  as  they  agree  in  character  with  other  mosaics  of  the  sixth  century. 


596  Neak^s  Notes  on  Dalmaiia,  8fC.  [Dee. 

The  plate  on  which  these  mosaics  are  engraved,  and  which  forms  the 
frontispiece  to  the  volume,  is  admirably  drawn  and  engraved,  and  is  by 
far  the  best  plate  in  the  book.     We  proceed  to  Pola : — 

"  We  pass  the  little  islaud  of  S.  Catherine,  whose  church  we  are  presently  to  viut : 
hut  the  ground-plan  and  western  facade  will  gpvo  the  reader  a  sufficient  idea  of  it;  (see 
opposite  page).     It  is  possihly  of  the  sixth  century. 

"  Sir  Humphry  Davy  thought  Pola  harbour  one  of  the  most  glorious  views  in  the 
world.  And  marvellously  beautiful  it  is.  To  our  left  rose  the  three  tiers  of  the 
amphitheatre,  of  snow-white  marble,  but  then  reflecting  the  rcdniss  of  a  cloudless 
May  evening.  White  cottage  and  tall  spire  gleamed  here  and  there  from  the  thick 
foliage  of  the  Istrian  hills.  The  peasant  drove  his  oxen — it  was  Saturday  evening — 
to  the  pastures;  the  vesper  bells  rang  out  from  the  Cathedral;  the  Adriatic  was  an 
unbroken  sheet  of  gold ;  the  '  Cheerily,  men !  oh,  cheerily !'  came  from  an  English 
vessel  weighing  anchor. 

**  First  to  the  amphitheatre.  As  I  have  said,  it  is  of  white  marble,  its  long  axis 
pRrallcl  .to  the  sea ;  the  three  rows  of  arches  are  perfect  everywhere,  except  in  the 
((|ua8i)  last,  where  the  ground  rises,  and  there  are  two  only.  The  lowest  and  second 
row,  of  circular  heads ;  the  upper  square. 

"Every  single  feature  is  beautifully  clear:  the  doors;  the  trapdoor-holes  above; 
the  canal ;  the  holes  for  the  awning  poles;  in  several  stones  the  width  allowed  to  each 
spectator  is  marked  by  a  boldly-cut  line.  The  architectural  curiosity  of  the  amphi- 
theatre consists  in  the  four  squiire  towers,  at  four  cardinal  points,  projecting  from  the 
ellipse,  and  supposed  to  have  been  the  vomitories.  The  larger  axis  is  436,  the  shorter 
846  feet  in  length ;  it  is  calculatt:d  that  18,000  spectators  could  find  sitting  room.  The 
wall,  when  perfect,  was  97  feet  high.  £ach  of  the  stories  contains  72  archeiL*' — 
(pp.  83-85.) 

**  We  turned  sorrowfully  away,  though  to  a  cathedral  of  marvellous  interest. 

"  Tlic  cathe<lral  is  as  follows : — 


Orciuod-plaii,  l*yla  Catiiedral,  luuia. 

Tlic  chief  peculiarity  is  its  square  east  end.  Remarkable  as  the  building  ia,  it 
docs  not  afford  any  extended  ground  for  description.  In  the  south  wall  is  this 
inscription : — 

*  Alf .  INCABNAT.  DNI.  DCCCLVII. 

IND.  V.  BEGNE.  LVDOVICO.  IMP.  AVGVSTO 

IN.  ITALIA.  UANDEGIS.  HYJT8.  ECCLBSIB.' 

The  rest  is  lost."— (pp.  86,  87.) 

"  The  Cathedral  of  Veglia  is  of  Romanesque  date,  and  rather  valuable.  It  consists 
of  choir,  soleas,  nave;  aisles  to  all ;  chapels  to  north  aisle;  western  tower  and  narthex, 
as  hercfifter  to  be  described.  The  choir,  which  contains  a  circular  apse  and  two  bays, 
is  thoroughly  and  hopelessly  modernized.  The  soleas  has  two  hays,  and  is  divided 
both  from  choir  and  nave  by  low  marble  cinque-cento  rails.  Of  the  same  date  are  the 
amhoncs  on  its  western  side.    The  nave  has  seven  bays ;  piers,  mostly  curcnlsry  some 


feale'a  Notes  on  Dalmatia,  S^e. 


597 


few  octagonal  I  ^naru  Corliiihmmaiii^  oatpitak,  well  worked  in  flowers  or  benst«i; 
hiis*s»f  CM^t  agonal  or  circular,  as  the  pier.  The  ehapeU  are  later.  ITie  fint,  cntcrcid  by 
MX  elubomtely  worked  pointed  arcb ;  shaft  with  white  warble  cap,  base  octagoiuil ;  it 
hiis  three  umall  knceta:  the  second  may  be  originnl;  arcb,  circular,  and^  1  beliere, 
Romniie«qQe:  the  third,  of  First  Pointed  details,  is  very  amall.  The  font,  at  the  west 
end  of  the  nave,  an  octagoad  block  slightly  tai>entig  from  the  upper  purl  to  the  base* 
Tbo  west  end  is  very  isingular.  Imagine  a  triapaidal  church,  with  wtstern  tower,  set 
down  nt  right  angles  to  the  west  eod  of  the  Cuthcdral,  m  that  its  eaat  end  ebonld 
point  souths  and  you  have  an  idea  of  this  dtrange  adoption.  The  whole  is  under  one 
vaijt  thittiali  ri>of,  gublect,  of  course,  north  and  soutb.  Wliat  may  be  eallt'd  the  nortb 
aii^lc  of  our  5uppo»od  erection  is  now  turned  into  a  pasaage,  between  It  and  the  cathe- 
dral. The  central  apse,  circuhir,  is  a  noble  bit  of  Ronianesquoj  a  nobuly  moulding 
running  rotmd  the  cornice.  The  ttonthem  apse  is  Bmnllor,  but  in  other  respects  the 
8;tu)e ;  tbere  are  no  ligbU*  Tlie  north  end  of  tbii  strange  adaption  is  partly  ruinous, 
piu-tly  built  against  J  but  the  tower  i§  rcuuirkable.  Very  loffcj,  it  hat  tliree  fitages» 
and  enda  in  a  wrctclied  cupola;  there  is  a  gr(.>at  Komane^ne  belfry*light  nortb,  and 
anotiier  weat.  An  inscription,  very  difHcalt  to  decipher^  states  that  it  was  restored 
imperante  Alo^o  Mocenigo  duce  Venttiarnm.  Vcglia  was  au  iudepeudi-nt  stitte  till 
ceded  to  Vemoe  in  1481.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  Cathetlnd  waw  tlie  church 
erected  in  113^,  as  a  tbanksgivii^g  for  a  great  victory  over  corsairs;  and  dedicated  t^ 
S.  Mark,  in  acknowledgment  of  the  assiistance  rendered  by  the  Venetian  l{epid>lic. 
The  building  well  de«crvcs  the  attention  of  eccle^ioldgistfl;  but  is  in  the  most  rniserable 
stute  of  restoration  possible.  Piers  and  arelies  are  'ornamented*  with  crinn?oii  nnd 
yellow  frippery;  the  etidls,  wretched;  Elth  and  si|utdor  everywhere.  This  ought  not 
to  he,  for  the  bisbop  hai  a  rvsidence  in  the  town,  jLod  the  chapter  la  well  oil',  and  com* 
mauds  great  respect. 

**  1  proceed  to  the  other  churches : — 

"  That  of  the  FraHcUcanit  in  the  upper  purt  of  the  city,  is  of  the  latter  i>art  of  the 
twelfth  century.  Chancel,  with  *qnare  east  end,  long  nave  without  ai^lcH,  tower 
soutb  of  chancel.  Tbe  altar  stati^Li  under  the  chano«l-arch ;  the  choir,  as  always  here, 
being  behind.  At  the  east  end,  two  Innccts :  sootli  of  chancel,  one :  plain  cross- 
Viiulting,  Tlie  nave  is  very  plain  ;  no  lights  on  its  tiurlh  aide  j  on  its  south  are  trefoiknl 
ITmcets,  which  reminded  me  of  Pola-  There  is  n  moilcm  gallery  at  the  west  end,  in 
which  the  O^Sloe  ii  saidj  it  is  the  Glagoliia.  Over  the  door,  otherwise  plain,  is  the 
Lion  of  Venice,  which  must  be  a  bitcr  addition.  The  tower  is  lofty  and  plain;  of  five 
stages.  The  beh'ry  windows  are  double^  circular  headed ;  the  tlividing  shaft  s^juare^ 
with  liowered  caps.  In  this  church  1  beanl  Glagulita  Tierce  and  Sezts,  In  the 
cathiMlral,  the  vespf  rs  were  very  well  and  congregation  ally  sung.  There  was  a  full 
assembly  of  canons,  and  the  bishop  was  in  his  place.  It  wiui  a  very  eicelleat  example 
of  a  town,  Sunday -afternoon,  service. 

"  8.  Maria  stunds  on  the  oppoaite  side  of  the  roatl,  and  clone  to  S.  Francisco*  The 
poAition  of  the  respective  towers — ►here  at  the  west  end,  there  near  the  east — gives  an 
tdd  clfect.  Apsldal  choir,  nave^  two  aisles,  weal  em  tower.  It  is  of  the  twelfth 
century.  The  ritual  choir  is  behind  the  altur.  The  iipse  is  circular;  one  eastern 
^lauoei.  The  nave  has  five  baysj  the  arehea  are  round;  the  pters  circnbir,  the  r,ips, 
sqonre  and  Coriiitbianizing ;  the  windows  are  of  that  stable  kind  which  wo  have 
already  bad  occasion  to  notice.  The  tower  also  fonns  the  porch*  Of  two  stages,  it 
has,  in  the  belfry,  two  circular-headed  lights.  Between  the  two  a  pilaster  btittress," 
—(pp.  98— 100.) 

*'  The  Cathedral  qf  Sehenico,  of  which  the  accompany iog  is  an  external  view,  is,  in 
its  way,  the  most  remarkable  building  1  ever  saw.  It  b  a  mixture  of  Fliimboyaut  and 
HfunaiatMiCfi  which  would  seem  to  promiso  nothing  but  imbecility  of  motif  and  over- 
of  decoration;  whereas,  in  truth,  it  is  one  of  the  noblest,  most  striking. 


598 


Keal^s  NoieM  on  Dahimtia,  hfc. 


most  simple,  mo^  ChmtUti  of  ehnrcbe*,  and,  thoogli  highljr  oroAmeni^  rodi  tit  tb« 
stiblimtiy  of  its  de«i|jrii,  thtki  it  gives  yoa  the  impreadoa  of  being  by  no  mflftm  wkhlif 
decorated.  Both  timei  that  I  mw  it,  I  mw  tt  under  a  great  dicadvnjita^ ;  U  waa  i 
nndergoing  a  tbofODgb  (and  very  good)  reatoration,  and  tbe  tntertor  ftai  fiUed  «rtlli 
acaMdiiig.  Of  coone*  cathedrala  sodi  at  Pobh  Paraiao,  and  Spabilo^  baTt*  a  nii 
deeper  and  more  entbtuiastic  inierat  than  anything  which  mere  arcbitecttire  < 
give.  But  m  an  cxclastTely  architectnnl  view,  I  do  not  beiitate  to  call  tills  tlM»  bki* 
Intercstiitg  cbarcb  in  Dalmatia,  And  the  more  so  on  tbis  acoooot  :  that  tbe  vbole 
Idea  aud  tlie  details  must  itwd  or  &11  together.  Ton  coald  not  tranalate  it  isto 
Middle- Pointed.  I  have  frequently  made  a  mentJii  attempt  at  djtnng  eo,  ami  have 
ewerj  time  felt  that  tbe  task  was  iiDpa«blc,"--<pp.  129— 131.) 


"  And  first  a  few  words  ai  to  the  gen^-ral  onttine  of  tbe  city.     Spalato  may  he  c^  i 
icribed  as  a  paFaUelogmm — or  rather  double  etiniu-e — the  larger  side  to  tbe  ^Hk,     One 
of  theie  Miiiaret,  that  nntnely  to  tbe  touth,  is  compriscfd  within  tbe  walla  of  tbe  palacv 
of  Diocletian.    Of  this,  the  seaward  gate  if  called  the  Porta  Argcntca ;  that  to  the  I 
cast,  tbe  Acnca;  that  to  tbe  west,  tbe  Ferrea;  that  to  tbe  landward,  the  Aiir«ii.     Tbe 
whole  of  this  part  of  the  ctty.is  so  blocked  up  with  mean  alleys,  staircase  streeta,  and 
huddled  lane^  that  yon  are  perfectly  amazed  when  yon  at  length  enter  tbe  Perbtyliinn,  1 
the  open  ball  of  granite  cblomns.  To  your  left  is  ibe  Cathedral,  once  the  great  Tetn|^  1 
of  Jujnter;   to  your  right,  the  church  of  8.  Qiovanni  or  the  Baptistery,  cmce  the 
Temple  of  .£scolapiaa.    Beyond  this,  yon  did  paas  throogb  tbe   Portictx&   of  Uie 
Corinthian  order;  then  the  Vestibuluin;  then  the  Atrium j  then  the  Cr  uj; 

tbe  hut  was  617  English  feet  in  length,  and  must  have  commanded  a  m«^  iow 

of  the  Adriatic 

*'  Lei  us  com^l^noe  in  the  Penstjlimn,  now  tbe  Piszsi  dd  Duoma  On  csicb  ckk 
are  seven  Corinthian  archet»  wbicb,  exceedingly  stilted,  spHng  immediately  from  tbe 
capittla.    Tlie  iiiterculumntuiious  are  not  the  same  :— 

-The  tbree  first,  8 n.  0 in. ;  4tb,  8ft,  84  in,;  5th^  100.  4in.;  Gtb,  9ft.lOlti,i 
7th,  9  ft*  4  in. 


*  **Tbi*  trtwTiM  to  tilt  Iciiipili-  jhtnirriiM?.*' 


1861.] 


Neale's  Azotes  on  Dalmaiia^  i^e. 


599 


«♦  At  the  further  end  of  the  Piazzft  is  a  llijjlit  of  stops  to  the  Porticiuj  the  latter  ha* 
four  Corhitlnaii  pilliira,  but  there  h  a  tiat  eutabktare,  except  for  the  one  cx^ntml  arch 

I  of  entraMc©,     Let  m  enter  the  Cathedral. 

***Thou  hoat  conquered,  O  Galilaian !'  This  perfectly  plain  octagonal  nave  waa 
formerly  the  great  temple.  It  ia  the  darkest,  phtiuest  church  I  over  saw^ — an  opi-niug 
or  two  for  lij^ht,  and  that  Ig  all  the  change  raade^ — there  really  Is  notliiiig  to  doscrihe. 
There  was  orij^inally  n  portico,  t«kcE  down  when  the  tower  was  iiddeth  Tlit*  iiiltTior 
ciitiihhiture«  are  of  the  worst  and  heaviest  taste ;  the  FculptnrtB  of  the  frieze,^ 
Cupids  riding,  or  in  chariots, — lions,  bears,  stiigs,  are  etiuaOy  harbarons,  Htillj  tho 
dome,  which  \»  of  briek-work,  is  ingeuioas;  it  consiata,  a»  it  has  well  been  aaid,  *  of 
a  succession  of  small  arches,  one  standing  scale wim  on  the  other,  till  they  reach  the 
upper  or  cciitnd  part,  where  they  are  aueeeeded  by  concentric  circlea,  as  in  ordinary 
cnjiolafl,'  The  height  is  said  to  be  78  ft.  4  in.  The  interior  is  in  a  disgraceful 
sUie. 

"The  choir  !i  square-ended,  much  modernized;    so  as  to  render  it  iinpo«8ible  to 

^gueai  tl  the  original  date.     I  should  huve  said,  that  the  stalls  ami  synthronus,  erected 

ll>y  De  I>ominis,  were  earlier;  they  are  «t  least  vtry  archaic,    llie  fuuious  altar  imgelst 

[  jiIbo  his  device,  the  usual  lion  of  the  place,  seem  to  me  childish  enonj^h.  They  ure  of 
ifood,  and  appear  to  be  supporting  an  iinuiense  weight,  till  one  finds  that  there  are 
concealed  iron  braces. 

'*  The  reader  will  observe  that  I  could  not  summon  sufficient  dassical  enthusiasm  to 

I  l>o  itnii'k  with  the  Ciithedral  in  ilselt  But  its  campanile,  of  173  fret  in  height,  ii 
^One  of  the  noblest  erections  of  the  kind  tliat  I  «;ver  yet  saw.  It  was  built  by  Nicoloi 
Ttvariti,  a  common  mason  of  Spabto,  in  1^1^ :  square,  of  five  stageii  with  a  later  octji- 
gonsil  head  ;  the  tradition  \h  that  tho  hitter  supplieil  the  place  of  two  stages  overthrown 
in  a  storm.  No  words  Qi\n  give  an  idea  of  the  extjuiaite  system  of  panel-Bhafting  from 
apex  to  lowest  stage;  the  shufts,  usually  speaking,  circular,  with  square  l*ai*e,  and 
Coriiithianizing  caps.  The  lower  stage,  which  I  do  not  reckon  in  the  six,  is  of  solid 
Hiasonryj  only  pierced  by  the  ascent  to  the  door»    A  good  many  of  the  shafts  and  capi- 

^  tills  useil  came  from  the  ruins  of  Salona,  the  bishopric  to  the  deatroction  of  which 
Spalato  succeeded/*— (pp.  148—15(10 

"North-west  of  the  Cathednd  is  the  curious  little  church  of  8.  Lnke^  an  early 
Ilomane8c}ne  structure.     It  corsints  of  opse.iientral  dome,  and  western  nnrthex.     The 

k  ftpae  iacircnhir;  the  npsc-arch  plain,  round,  llie  dome  rises  from  a  square  external 
atmetnrc  on  four  pointed  licmmnosqne  arches.  Outride,  the  church  is  iqanre,  with  the 
addition  of  the  apse;  und,  imder  a  Uan-to,  to  the  north,  the  npsidal  chapel  of  5,  8piri- 
dion,  which  hoa  do  windows.  Th**  apse  of  S.  Luke  is  externally  divided  into  thrco 
pnnek  hy  flat  pi hiater 'but tresses;  the  central  division  has  tivo  round-headed  adjnceiit 
lights  I  shsAii,  cin^*ulHr  ;  circular  boae,  aqnare  caps.  The  south  side  of  the  scjuaro  haa 
one  clerestory  window  teruiinfiting  a  pil»stcr*bttttrc«s,  something  like  those  nt  t'lymp- 
ing,  Sussex.  The  western  fn^fide  has,  under  one  great  circular  arch  of  construction, 
two  acyacent  Romanes<iue  lights  under  one  arch,  Bt  low  tins,  a  circularheaded  door, 
with  well-niouldeii  jambs.  The  north  side  is  much  as  the  south.  In  the  dome,  toward 
each  cardinal  f»oint,  is  a  very  narrow,  ronnd-hcftded  luncet*  The  dome  termiuates  in 
a  pyramid:d  head.  Thi*  church  lielongu  to  the  Eastern  rite.  The  Iconoatasls  app«uii 
of  the  seventeenth  century."— (pp.  1C8,  WX) 


600  [Dec. 


THE  DECiniERMENT  OF  CUNEIFORM  INSCBIPTIONS. 

{Concluded from  p.  488.) 

The  cuneiform  record  on  the  rock  of  Bisutun  is  given  in  full  in  the 
tenth  volume  of  the  Royal  Asiatic  Society's  Journal,  and  is  well  worth 
perusal  on  account  of  the  beauty  of  the  style,  its  own  interest,  and  the 
corroboration  it  gives  to  the  account  of  Herodotus.  It  will  readily  be 
understood  that  Sir  H.  Rawlinson  had  here  a  vast  field  for  analysis  and 
comparison.  It  would  be  idle  to  detail  how  each  proper  name  was  studied, 
the  letter  distinguishing  every  previously- discovered  character  placed  under 
it,  and  the  powers  of  the  unknown  ones  conjectured  from  their  juxta- 
position with  them,  corroborated  by  others,  and  subsequently  confirmed ; 
how  /f/  became  h;  ^-Y^  w,  Y^  t,  and  why  ^||  was  changed  from 
a  to  g.  It  is  also  beyond  our  purpose  here  to  say  which  letters  are  due 
to  the  discoveries  of  Dr.  Beer  of  Leipsic,  and  which  to  M.  Bumouf ;  suffice 
it  to  say  that  Prof.  Lassen  and  Sir  H.  Bawlinson,  working  thousands  of 
miles  apart,  and  each  constructing  his  own  alphabet,  difiered  only  in  the 
power  of  one  or  two  letters  out  of  about  forty,  and  thus  confirmed  beyond 
a  doubt  the  truthfulness  of  each  other's  interpretation. 

The  phonetic  power  of  each  letter  having  been  determined,  the  next 
thing  was  to  ascertain  the  language,  a  discovery  only  less  surprising  than 
the  alphabet.  From  an  ignorant  priest  of  Yezd,  Sir  Henry  first  obtained 
an  insight  into  the  Zend  language,  which  grew  out  of  the  Achacmenian 
Persian,  and  he  increased  his  knowledge  by  the  scattered  remnants  of  it 
which  drifted  about  among  the  dialects  of  the  mountain  tribes;  but  he 
attributes  his  success  in  this  branch  of  the  enquiry  in  a  great  measure  to  the 
admirable  Commentary  on  the  Yaqna  by  M.  Bumouf,  where  for  the  first 
time  the  language  of  the  Zend  Avesta  was  critically  analyzed,  and  its 
orthographical  and  grammatical  structure  clearly  and  scientifically  de- 
veloped. This  language,  it  appears,  approaches  nearer  to  that  of  the 
inscriptions  than  any  other  dialect  of  the  family,  except  the  Vedic  Sanscrit. 
The  language  of  the  inscriptions  resembles  the  Sanscrit  in  its  grammatical 
structure,  but  approximates  more  to  the  Zend  in  its  orthographical  de- 
velopment. With  the  collateral  aid  of  these  two  languages  every  word 
of  the  cuneiform  inscription  was  analyzed,  '*  with  such  success  that  in  this 
preliminary  branch  of  cuneiform  there  are  not  more  than  twenty  words 
in  the  whole  range  of  Persian  cuneiform  about  which,  as  to  the  meaning, 
grammatical  construction,  or  etymology,  any  doubt  or  difference  of  opinion 
can  be  said  at  present  to  exist.'*  The  Persian  cuneiform  was,  however, 
confined  to  the  records  of  the  house  of  Achoemenes.  The  earliest  is  that 
on  the  tomb  of  Cyrus  at  Murghab,  about  530  years  B.C. ;  the  latest  was 
till  laltly  attributed  to  Artaxerxes  Ochus,  but  the  recent  discoveries  of 


1861.]        The  Decip/wrment  of  Cuneiform  Inscriptions. 


601 


the  late   Mn  LoftuB  at  Warka  yielded   some  clay  tablets  inscribed  with 
cuneiform  characters,  records  of  the  Seleucidcc,  as  late  as  200  years  n.c. 

Thus,  then,  by  the  unravelment  of  the  Persian  cuneiform  at  Bisutun, 
Pasagardf©,  Persepolis,  &c.,  was  the  machinery  fashioned  by  which  the 
older  languages  of  Assyria  and  Babylonia  were  eventually  to  be  mastered. 
The  Persian  and  the  Assyrio-Babylonian  and  Median  records  of  the 
tri'lingual  inscriptions  differed  not  only  in  a  distinct  arrangement  of  the 
arrow-headed  characters,  but  in  their  whole  phonetic  structure  and  organ- 
ization. This  will  be  more  clearly  seen  by  the  fallowing  transcript  of  one 
of  tbe  smaller  inscriptions  at  Bisiitun  : — 

\  ^  T<^  1tT  \  <Tr  <n  ^liT  tTT  >TtT  \  <><  t<;  \ 

*    T   y(a)     m      *       G       u       m      a      t'      *      h     y(a)    * 
This  Gomdtcs  the 

j        i    )(a)  ♦ 

m      ^     li      r 
Bar- 

EJT  f?  T<^  \  rr  y<>  ff  T<^  \  <K  T<>  \  <1  <n  3T 

V      i    y(a)    *     a      m      i    y(a)    *      h      yfa)    *    Kh     u        r 


M       gh       u      sh     *     a      dh       u       r*       u 
Magiau  lied  {was  an  impostor) ; 


fn  'T£ 

T<T 

fit 

\ 

m  T<T  <K  A  fit 

W 

a     w(a) 

th 

6. 

* 

a    th(a)  b(a)    *     a 

d 

thus 

he  declared,           I, 

tius, 


am 


the 


of  Cy- 


u      sh    *      p      H  tr'^a)  * 


roa 


son; 


fn  W  'M  \  «TT  << 

fTtt<^ 

a       d       m      *      K'h     sli 

a   y{H) 

I                           the  King 

T<T  ff  T<^  \  fit  Ki  fi  r<^ 

th      i    y(a)    *     a      m'     i    y(a). 
am. 

The  Assyrio-Bahylonian  duplicate  runs  thus: — 


Ha 

'  This 


Gu      ra 

Gomatca 


ta 


Ma     gu     su 
the  Matcian 


sa 


tiT  iiT  t>§.  CT  •^r.  ]}  -n  m.  I  +  m 

yap     ru       su         Ki       ma      a       na       ku  Bar     zi 

who  lied,  he  said  I 


,  =  T.  m  K 

bar  Ku     raa. 

the  son         of  Cyrus. 

QiKT*  Mao.  Vol.  CXJXI. 


Eardes 


40 


602  The  Decipherment  of  Cuneiform  Inscriptions.  [Dec 

In  the  Babylonian  duplicate  the  sign  Y  is  the  determinative  of  a  man's 
name.  Determinatives  of  this  kind  are  freqaent  in  the  Babylonian 
cuneiform :    thus,   ^<  is  prefixed  to  the  name  of  a  country,  >-^y  to  that 

of  a  city,  &c. 

In  the  records  on  the  rock  at  Bisutun  upwards  of  eighty  proper  names 
were  found,  the  pronunciation  of  which  was  accurately  determined  by  the 
Persian  orthography.  The  discoverers  had  then  to  find,  from  other 
sources,  the  phonetic  distinction  of  the  two  languages,  and  to  compare 
each  of  those  named  in  the  Assyrio-Babylonian  record  with  its  duplicate 
in  the  Persian  record.  Thus  they  ascertained  the  value  of  about  one 
hundred  Babylonian  characters,  and  established  a  basis  for  further  en- 
quiry. They  next  collated  with  the  nicest  accuracy  the  diflPerent  inscrip- 
tions, to  ascertain  from  the  varying  orthographies  what  known  alpha- 
betical symbols  were  enunciated  in  each  respectively  with  the  same  sound. 
By  this  means  they  found  many  variants,  ideographs,  and  abbreviations 
substituted  for  words ;  for  instance,  the  sign  YS  bears  the  phonetic  power 
of  a,  ha,  but  is  sometimes  used  ideograph ically  to  express  '  son.'  In  this 
latter. case  the  phonetic  power  of  the  ideograph  would  be,  according  to 
Sir  H.  Rawlinson,  Pal,  and  according  to  Dr.  Hincks,  Bal,  In  this 
way,  by  unwearied  perseverance.  Sir  H.  Rawlinson  added  fifty  characters 
to  the  one  hundred  previously  ascertained.  Then,  even  as  duplicate  proper 
names  determined  the  value  of  the  characters,  so  duplicate  phrases  gave  a 
key  to  the  signification  of  the  words.  The  commencement  of  almost 
every  sentence  in  each  inscription, — (Persian),  Thatiya  Daryawush  Khsha- 
yathiya, '  Says  Darius  the  king ;'  (Bab.),  Dariyasar  melek  Kiham  yagabbi ", 
'Darius  the  king  says' — formed  a  tangible  basis,  and  the  whole  of  the 
perfect  portions  of  the  duplicate  inscriptions  were  analyzed  with  the 
utmost  minuteness.  Unfortunately,  the  difficulties  were  much  increased 
by  the  fact  of  one  side  of  the  Babylonian  transcript  being  totally  oblite- 
rated, but,  writing  twelve  years  ago,  Sir  Henry  considered  that  out  of  the 
5,000  words  in  the  Babylonian  record,  he  had  mastered  500  which  con- 
stituted the  most  important  terms  in  the  language,  and  which  were 
sufficient  to  ascertain  the  general  meaning  of  each  record.  This  branch  of 
cuneiform,  however,  was  in  the  language  of  the  Babylonians  who  were 
coeval  with  the  Achsemenian  dynasty  of  Persia.  The  researches  of 
Layard  and  others  in  Assyria  and  Babylonia  brought  to  light  all  the 
earlier  records  of  those  countries.  They  were  graven  on  marble  in 
Assyria,  and  also  impressed  on  small  cake  tablets.  In  Babylonia  they 
were  stamped  on  bricks,  chiefly  in  monograms,  with  moulds,  and  like- 
wise impressed  on  clay  tablets  with  a  stylus. 

•  We  give  the  earlier  reading  of  Bawlinson — the  one  which  be  worked  with :  he 
has  since  somewhat  altered  it. 


illustrate  the  well-known  Biblical  text  wliich  refers  to  the  scrihes  number- 
ing the  slain  upon  tjiblcts  of  cltiy.  Amongst  tlie  many  valtiabk  objects 
found  by  the  laic  Mr,  I^iftus  at  Wurka.  in 
the  spring  of  1834,  there  was  a  small  wedge 
of  polished  serpentine.  Its  peculiar  form 
immediately  gave  rise  to  speculatiatis  as 
to  the  purpose  for  which  it  was  used,  and 
eventually  bath  M\\  Loftus  and  bin  com- 
panion were  convinced  that  it  was  a  genuine 
instrument  with  which  ihe  old  clay  tablets 
had  been  inipressed,  Ijy  means  of  it,  and 
a  piece  of  soft  clay,  every  letter,  wbetlier  ^  ^^^'* '' 

simple  or  compliciiled,  seen  upon  the  tablets  could  be  readily  fashioned, 
and  no  form  of  instrument  could  be  conceived  by  which  they  could  with 
equal  facility  be  formed.  There  was  a  sliglit  indentation  on  eitiier  side  for 
the  thumb  and  finger  of  the   wrilen     It  inust   be  rcmcmhertd  that  the 


604  TTie  Decipherment  of  Cuneiform  In$criptions.  [Dee. 

characters  on  the  tablets  differ  somewhat  from  those  "engraven  with  an 
iron  pen  on  the  rock  for  ever."  In  the  former,  the  right-hand  dde  of 
the  arrow-head  generally  slopes  obliquely  towards  the  centre,  whilst  the 
left-hand  side  and  top  rise  perpendicularly  from  it,  being  the  exact  form 
which  would  result  from  the  employment  of  such  a  stylus  as  we  have  de- 
scribed ;  in  the  latter  the  letter  is  regularly  formed,  both  sides  sloping  at  the 
same  angle  to  the  central  Hne. 

The  more  ancient  records,  of  coarse,  increased  the  difficulties  of  correct 
interpretation;  and  the  perplexities  consequent  upon  the  discovery  that 
one  character  had  several  different  sounds  threatened  at  one  time  to 
check  for  ever  the  onward  progress  of  this  science.  The  discovery  of 
the  cause  of  this  peculiarity,  however,  furnished  a  means  of  oTercoming 
it.  It  was  found  that  the  cuneiform  in  a  rude  state  was  introduced  into 
Lower  Chaldo^a  by  a  Hamite  race,  and  that  each  of  the  tribes  composing 
it  had  its  own  vocabulary,  which  gave  a  different  sound  to  the  picture. 
When,  therefore,  the  Assyrians  adopted  the  characters,  they  not  only 
retained  their  various  old  values,  but  had  fresh  ones  supplied  from  the 
Semitic  language  of  Assyria.  This  discovery  enabled  Sir  H.  Rawlinson 
to  resolve  many  of  the  difficulties  of  alphabetical  expression.  He  even 
discovered  that  many  of  the  clay  tablets  were  "  comparative  alphabets,'* 
giving  the  different  sounds  in  Chaldsean  and  Assyrian  of  each  character ; 
that  they  contained  extensive  *'  bi-lingual  vocabularies,  grammatical  sy- 
nopses, and  phrase-books/'  and  thus,  besides  explaining  the  before- 
mentioned  difficulties,  served  also  as  guides  to  the  older  languages  of 
Chaldsca. 

Further  aid  was  furnished  to  the  cuneiform  scholars  by  the  inscriptions 
found,  in  several  instances,  at  Kouyunjik  (Nineveh)  upon  the  sculptured 
slabs.  Both  the  inscription  and  the  bas-relief  recorded  the  same  event, 
and  each  served  to  elucidate  the  other.  The  writing,  when  interpreted, 
gave  the  name  of  the  city  or  king  represented ;  the  easily  recognised  forms 
of  animals  or  implements  supplied  the  meaning  to  the  words.  In  giving 
an  instance  of  this,  we  shall  at  the  same  time  shew  the  degree  of  mastery 
which  is  poRsessed  over  this  difficult  study.  Whilst  Mr.  Loftus  was  ex- 
cavating at  Nineveh,  he  was  accustomed  to  transmit  to  Sir  H.  Rawlinson, 
then  at  Bagdad,  paper  casts  of  all  inscriptions  which  were  dug  up.  On 
one  occasion  he  sent  a  series  of  three  or  four,  found  upon  a  slab  which 
represented  a  king  fighting,  in  various  ways  and  with  different  instruments, 
with  lions,  and  pouring  a  libation  over  their  dead  bodies :  no  description 
nor  cast  of  the  sculpture  was  sent  with  the  inscriptions.  In  acknowledging 
the  receipt  of  them  Sir  Henry  mentioned  the  general  subject  of  the 
writings: — the  king  was  killing  a  lion  with  something,  but  what  that 
something  was  he  hoped  to  settle  when  a  sketch  of  the  sculpture,  which  he 
requested,  was  forwarded  to  him.  The  implement  was  in  one  instance 
a  club  and  in  another  a  dagger,  and  thus  the  sculpture  supplied  the  inter- 


U]        The  Decipherment  of  Cuneiform  Inscriptions. 


605 


Ipretation  of  the  already  deciphered  letters.     This  is  a  simple  instance  of 
^the  asfiistance  which  lias  been  obtained  from  the  pictorial  records.     They 
of  course  can  only  be  in  this  respect  serviceable  when  they  are  upon 
the  same  slab  as  the  cuneiform  duplicates.     The  respective  translations  of 
the  same  inscription  by  two  of  the  ablest  scholars  will  give  a  good  idea 
of  the  success  iivhich  has  attended  their  labours.     Neither  is,  perhaps,  per* 
|fect,  but  each  was  worked  out  intlependently  of  the  other.     We  select  the 
example  at  random ;  others  may  more  nearly  coincide,  and  others,  per- 
chance, may  have  less  resemblance*     It  should  be  mentioned  that  these 
are  translations  of  Assyrian  cuneiform.     There  is  scarcely  any  discrepancy 
in  the  ditferent  readings  of  the  Persian  writings 
The  version  of  Sir  H.  Rawlinson  runs  :  — 

^  I  am  Aaffur'bnni-pal,  the  Btipremc  Monarch,  the  King  of  Auyria,  who,  Imving 
been  excited  by  ttie  itiaerutAbla  dtviniticB  Aasur  and  Bi'ltid^  hnve  ilftin  four  Uoni.  I 
have  erected  over  tlicm  an  altar  to  Ishliir  (Ashtareth),  the  goddcH  of  war.  I  bavo 
ollered  a  Uolowmst  over  them.     1  SHcrificed  a  kid  (P)  over  theau" 

The  version  of  Dr.  Edward  Hincks  is : — 

*'  I  am  Aaaor-hanl-bal,  King  of  tho  Frovini^es,  whom  Asttir  and  Ilrbmiit  have  wol- 
ooiued  t<j  (or  made  §acce«sfiil  ui)  the  extended  vallejft.  When  I  lia^i  alam  sixty  Uugo 
liui)^  t  raised  over  them  a  itrong  wooden  altar  for  Ishtar,  who  pre»tdot  over  archery. 
1  ))oiirod  over  them  a  libation.    I  sacrlfloed  over  them  a  goat." 

The  main  difference » it  will  be  perceived^  is  in  the  number  of  the  slain 
lions.  Sir  Henry  was,  we  fancy,  milled  by  four  only  being  depicted  on  the 
slab  which  illustrated  the  record.  In  adjoining  slabs,  however,  which 
were  not  brought  to  England  on  account  of  their  ruinous  state,  and  which 
consequently  he  never  saw,  attendants  were  represented  bearing  to  the 
king  other  dead  lions,  evidently  killed  on  the  same  occasion*  The  co- 
incidence is  nevertheless  more  than  sufficient  to  justify  our  belief  that  the 

meral  signification  of  the  language  can  be  determined,  and  that  a  »ub- 

antial  base  for  future  operations  has  been  secured. 

The  roonogrammic  cliarncters  stamped  on  tlie  Babylonian  blacks  were 
learnt  by  duplicates  in  the  simple  alphabetical  characters  which  are  gene* 
rally  found  in  the  same  building  vnlh  them. 

We  have  not  space  to  do  justice  here  to  the  several  admirable  treatises 
and  the  labours  of  Dr.  Hincks,  M.  Oppert,  Mr.  Norris,  and  others,— the 
papers  of  the  former*  especially,  are  monuments  of  patient  study  and  ripe 
Bcholarship, — neither  have  we  attempted  to  record  all  the  labours  of  Sir 
n,  Kawlitison  in  this  difficult  study.  Wc  refer  those  who  would  pursue 
the  subject  further  to  his  several  memoirs  in  the  Asiatic  Society's  Journal, 
irhere  he  learnedly  describes  in  detail  what  we  have  striven  to  sketch. 

e  hope  we  have  shewn  that  the  Persian  transcript  has  been  thoroughly 

deciphored*  and  has   enabled  them  so  far  to  identify  the  Assp-io-Baby- 

inian  characters  and  language  as  to  interpret  the  general  meaning  of 

ysentence  iu  the  Assyrian  cuneiform,  and  to  give  promise  of  still  greater 


.J^ 


GW  The  Zkimwiw9  Brnk/m-  Kkmi.  [Dec 


tjljL'hi  to  t^  f  ■  * !"»  aJM^pii*  We  casarK  beOer  cmclade  dnii  in  the 
wrjria  'i  'jut  rhlaaa  scsiJv.  «iM>  moqc^-t  asKxts  dni  *-it  would  be 
CuKSistirxjuk  VI  sL-sT  arer  tie  hcoad  £k1  tbai  the  taeact  of  AsTran  de- 
cip^traer:  xft  fct  i=.  hs  h^acr.  A  eoBBeaoesKsit  fau  been  made ;  the 
£ra  ortv^ck  hw  been  cvried  in  a  Bdkato  impiegnabie  positioo,  and 
that  kal." 


THE  DOOMSDAY  BOOK  FOB  KKXT. 

Ors  readers  will  be  cratified  to  learn  that  the  Ber.  Lambert  B.  Laik- 
mg.  to  wbofe  labours  in  the  cai»e  of  Kentidi  htstorr  we  hare  ebewhere 
al]Qd«d,  is  aboot  to  pol^xb,  earir  in  the  ensoins  year,  a  Fae-aimile,  by 
Frederick  Z^etherdift,  of  Mill-street,  Hanorer-equare,  of  that  part  of 
Doomsdaj  which  relates  to  Kent. 

The  learned  Editor,  we  anderstand,  had  the  work  in  preparation  long 
before  the  Goremment  pablication  of  a  part  of  Doomsday  was  resoWed 
on ;  and,  without  any  wish  to  disparage  the  pholozincograq>hic  process, 
which  Sir  Henry  James  has  applied  to  the  reproduction  of  other  parts  of 
the  same  record,  we  feel  bound  to  say.,  from  a  careful  inspection  of  both, 
that  Mr.  Xethercliffs  lithograph  is  infinitely  the  most  clear  and  satis- 
factory. ETery  one  who  is  at  all  acquainted  with  records  knows  the  vital 
importance  of  even  the  most  minute  marks  being  clearly  shewn,  and  it  is 
undeniable  that  at  present  the  new  process  does  not  by  any  means  produce 
distinct  copies,  whatever  it  may  do  hereafter,  while  on  this  point  the  work 
of  Mr.  Xetherclift  leaves  nothing  to  be  desired. 

As  to  correctness,  Mr.  Larking's  name  is  a  sufficient  guarantee,  and  his 
work  will  have  all  the  subsidiary  aids  that  can  make  it  truly  valuable.  It 
will  contain  not  only  the  text  and  a  Latin  extension,  but  an  English  trans- 
lation ;  while  a  full  Introduction,  explanatory  notes  and  a  Glossary,  and  the 
identification,  wherever  practicable,  of  the  different  manors,  will  give  all 
needful  help  to  the  understanding  of  the  record.  Those  who  have  the 
advantage  of  possessing  the  volumes  of  Archtologia  Cantiana  must  have 
observed  therein  numerous  medieval  documents,  which  read  like  modem 
P^nijliHh,  and  yet  preserve  a  literal  accuracy  that  may  challenge  the 
8tricte»t  scrutiny.  These  are  from  the  pen  of  Mr.  Larking,  and  they 
give  UH  full  asKurance  that  all  his  information  will  be  offered  in  a  popular 
form,  so  as  to  make  no  extravagant  demand  on  the  time  and  patience  of 
the  student.  The  work,  too,  is  being  got  up  in  the  best  style  as  to  paper, 
typography,  &c.,  and  will  thus  be  ornamental  as  well  as  useful.  Its  pub- 
lication will  be  a  boon  to  the  county,  and  add  one  more  to  the  many  claims 
of  its  editor  on  the  landowners  of  Kent,  at  the  same  time  that  it  will  have 
almost  equal  interest  for  all  who  desire  a  real  knowledge  of  the  most  valu- 
able of  our  public  records ;  to  all  such  we  most  heartily  commend  it. 


186L] 


607 


SOire  REMARKS  ON  TOINTS  OF  RESEJrBLANCK  &c.,  BETWEEN 
THE  NAVES  OF  CM  ItlST CHURCH  AND  DURHAM  ^ 

It  i»  a  common  remark  of  the  present  day,  when  span  king  of  modern 
buildings,  that  you'  may  know  by  whom  Lhey  were  designed  through  the 
matnieriBm  observable  in  ihelv  designs :  and  this  observalion  is  made  with* 
out  meaning  any  disparagement^  but  merely  as  shewing  that  all  artists 
have  eome  marked  rules  of  composition  by  which  their  respective  works 
can  he  known.  The  truth  of  this  remark  cannot  be  doubted,  but  it  is 
almost  as  applicable  to  olden  times  as  the  present;  and  an  examination  of 
c  of  the  remarkable  buildings  of  aniiqtiity  will  shew  that  the  great 

cliitects  of  the  middle  ages  adopted  forma  and  details  in  the  several 
buildings  they  erected  by  which  their  works,  though  far  remote  from  each 
other,  can  almost  certainly  be  discovered »  though  no  historical  record  may 
ha%e  been  handed  down  determining  either  date  or  architect. 

It  18  Tery  interesting  to  observe  the  great  influence  which  the  archi* 
tccture  of  our  cathedral  cities  has  over  the  immediate  neighbourhood  and 
diocese ;  the  resemblance,  both  in  some  leading  portions  as  well  as  in 
detail,  can  often  be  traced  between  the  large  parish  church  and  the 
calhedral  of  the  diocese;  so  also  in  the  remains  of  our  great  conventual 
and  abbey  churches  there  will  be  found  In  the  neighbouring  celts  imitations 
on  a  humbler  scale  of  the  great  abbey  church  itself. 

In  this  diocese  there  is  a  most  striking  instance  of  similarity  in  character 
between  the  details  of  the  great  churcli  of  St.  Cross  near  Winchester,  and 
those  of  the  interesling  church  of  Crondall  near  Farnham ;  indeed,  some 
of  the  mouldings  and  capitals  uf  the  na%e-arcade  appear  to  have  been 
actually  worked  from  the  same  drawings  or  face-moulds.  When  examining 
the  latter  church  a  few  years  since,  I  was  very  much  struck  by  ihia 
peculiarity ;  but  on  examining  into  the  history  of  the  building,  the  circum- 
stance  was  easily  accounted  for,  as  it  appeared  that  Henry  of  Blois,  Hi^hop 
of  Winchester,  was  intimately  connected  both  with  St.  Cross  and  Crondall ; 
and  the  manner  of  his  architecture  could  easily  be  traced  in  the  latter 
church,  even  to  the  remarkable  extent  I  have  mentioned.  So,  again,  in 
convetitual  buildings  and  their  resemblance  to  each  othcr^  the  fact  can  be 
well  explained  on  some  such  analogous  cause.  In  the  great  abbeys  of 
Yorkshire,  some  of  the  detaiU  appear  to  have  been  copied  from  one  build- 
ing and  adopted  in  another  not  very  far  distant;  for  instajicc,  Rievaulx 
Abbey,  which  is  extremely  beautiful  in  itj  ornamente,  shews  a  remarkable 
resemblance  to  the  details  of  Whitby  Abbey;  but  upon  a  close  comparison 
it  is  clear  that  Rievaulx  is  iiiferior  of  the  two,  and  in  all  probability  the 


*  A  Paper  by  BcDJamin  Ferrej,  Ek[u  F.R.S.,  rend  at  Uie  Meeting  of  the  Christ* 
church  Archceological  AnsociAtlon,  Aog.  22, 1861.   Bee  p.  634. 


CM  &me  RemmrkM  M  PmU  of  Etttrntlmmee^  kc.  [Dec 

criAn#*^tii  piru  w*?*  ei*?mfri  1»t  ]es§  sillj^i  rDcr-.  wh^  tc^:^:  WbiiliT 
u  ti-rlr  tTj>t.  Ma£t  c-tLtT  i:Litii^:«*  cf  til*  kiii  =irt.i  be  rndd-as^td  to 
»L*Tr  tLai  ft  §pe^-iftt  ^f  rar.'/erlKs  ti^sz*.  ::  a  iizi  crier^  prefmikrd  erea 
ii»  d-tji  wieii  medlxTiI  »r*rLit«:t:;re  wm  pri^*i«ei  with  ridi  sreat  sacoeas. 

Ar».>tler  ix-tweitiiz  i--i^*ct  fir  ti<*  arcLat:!:>2i<t  naj  be  fouixi  in  can- 
fAT.:^  ti.*:  f  ic>ce%«ivc  works  of  eimz.<nt  jt-e-ibtTii  trcLiifrcts,  takinz  Ukui 
ix.  !;>*:>  chro:.oIv^:crki  or d*r,  md  tracuiz  o:it  tleir  c:aipjete  d^vei^pment. 

T:^^  wc^rkf  of  kucL  zreat  ujtz  u  Gond-Ipi.  BisLop  of  Boche«ler,  Ralph 
FlkiLbwd,  E>b'.p  of  Dirram,  CLicbele.  ArcbbisLop  of  Cacterbnnr,  and 
the  rjobI<;  William  of  W}keLaiD,  £i»hLp  of  Wiijchetter,  must  always  be 
Tiew*;d  wiiL  uiteie&t. 

For  the  preseLt  purpoce,  it  ivili  be  sofficier-t  to  examine  into  the  archi- 
U^ctoral  progress  made  bj  Ralph  Flambard,  first  deari  of  the  priory  church 
here,  auid  subsequectly  promoted  to  the  princely  bishopric  of  Darham, 
durin?  the  reign  of  William  Rufus :  and  here  it  is  but  doinz  him  bare 
justice  to  say,  that,  however  rapacious  and  culpable  he  might  hare  been  in 
the  performance  of  his  episcopal  duties,  and  in  the  distribution  of  patronage, 
he  at  least  shewed  him«elf  to  be  tmly  great  in  the  practice  of  the  noble  art 
of  architecture;  he  is,  indeed,  fully  worthy  of  classification  with  the  other 
great  names  I  have  mentioned,  tliough  his  works  may  not  perhaps  be  so 
generally  known  as  those  of  other  members  of  the  episcopacy. 

We  possess  nridoubted  authority  for  stating  that  the  nare  of  Christ- 
church,  together  with  its  transepts  and  apsidal  chapels,  were  commenced 
and  carried  on  to  some  extent  by  Flambard  before  his  removal  to  the  see 
of  Durham ;  in  all  probability  it  was  his  intention  to  have  rebuilt  the  re- 
maining portions  of  the  priory  church  on  a  grander  scale,  hut  his  sudden 
elevation  interft;red  with  the  project,  and  his  works  were  left  uncompleted. 

The  nave,  however,  and  the  transepts  exhibit  good  specimens  of  Flam- 
bard's  skill  as  an  architect.  The  arcades  and  triforium  are  well  propor- 
tioned  and  effective,  the  clustered  columns  of  the  piers,  consisting  of  square 
and  semicircular  pillars,  are  continued  throughout  the  entire  nave  witliont 
variation,  producing  rather  a  monotonous  efiect  Flambard  appears  to 
have  been  conscious  of  this  defect  in  the  composition,  for  in  the  majestic 
nave  of  Durham  every  alternate  pier  consists  of  an  enormous  cylindrical 
column,  each  being  ornamented  with  zigzag  chasings,  reticulated  work, 
and  other  Norman  devices.  The  wonderful  grandeur  which  this  arrange- 
ment produces  can  only  be  appreciated  by  those  who  have  seen  Durham 
Cathedral.  I  know  no  Norman  nave,  either  in  England  or  Normandy,  to 
he  compared  with  it. 

•  The  treatment  of  the  triforiums  at  Christchurch  and  Durham  are  almost 
identical ;  nobody  could  doubt  that  the  same  man  must  have  designed  both : 
one  bold  semicircular  arch  with  double  columns,  separated  by  sqitare 
members,  encloses  a  subordinate  arrangement  of  coupled  arches,  supported 
on  a  single  column ;  this  simple  treatment  is  also  repeated  in  every  com- 
3 


186L]      between  the  Naves  qf  Christ  church  and  Durham.         600 

partment.  At  Christclitircht  Flanibard's  work  appears  to  have  ceased  im- 
mediately above  the  Lriforium,  his  successor  buiJding  a  clerestory  in  a  later 
style.  At  Durham  it  seems  doubtful  whether  he  completed  the  clereetory , 
but  certainly  not  the  vaulting,  this  being-  added  by  Prior  Melsonby  some 
time  after  Flambard's  death,  when  the  Pointed  style  of  architecture  became 
prevalent ;  and  it  is  a  remarkable  circumstance  that  in  spite  of  this  change 
in  the  character  of  the  architecture,  Melsonby  so  adapted  the  forms  and 
details  of  the  groining  as  to  make  them  harmonize  with  the  grand  Norman 
firche«  supporting  the  centre  lantern,  built  by  Flambard.  There  is,  again, 
another  resemblance  observable  between  Christchurch  and  Durham  in  tlie 
position  of  the  spring  of  the  groining,  in  each  building  the  vaulting  f^prings 
some  feet  lower  than  the  floor  of  the  clerestory  itself— a  somewhat  un- 
common practice. 

There  is  every  reason  to  suppose  that  Flambard  never  contemplated 
a  stone  groining  to  Christchurcb,  but  probably  intended  to  cover  the  nave 
with  a  flat  ribbed  ceiling  similar  to  the  nave  of  Peterborough.  There  are 
no  indications  of  arches,  or  any  description  of  counterfeits,  to  meet  the 
strain  of  a  stone  groining ;  and  these  (according  to  the  general  constmction 
of  Romanesque  churches)  would  have  been  formed  under  the  raofi  of  the 
eialee  in  the  tr\forium.  At  Durham  Flambard  built  the  most  effective 
arches  and  piers  in  the  triforium,  evidently  with  a  view  to  resist  the  pressure 
of  an  intended  stone  groining.  The  absence  of  these  necessary  provisions 
at  Christchurch  may  reasonably  induce  a  belief  that  he  never  proposed 
a  stone  canopy  of  any  kind  to  the  body  of  the  church.  Other  remarkable 
points  of  resemblance  exist  between  the  architecture  of  Christchurch  and 
Durham,  such  as  the  bold  reticulated  ornamentation  which  surrounds  the 
circular  turret  at  tlie  north-east  angle  of  the  north  transept  at  Chris  I  church, 
and  is  also  repeated  on  one  of  the  gables  at  Durham  Cathedral :  also  in 
the  wall  arcading  of  the  south  aisle  and  transepts  of  Chrislchurch,  which 
pervades  the  whole  nave  of  Durham,  both  inside  and  outside,  under  the 
^  aisle  windows,  but  with  this  diiferend^e,  that  here  at  Christchurch  the 
internal  arcading  consists  of  single  semicircxdar  arches  and  pillars,  and 
exlernally,  around  the  nortli  transept,  and  formerly  flutiking  the  north  aisle, 
bold  intersecting  semicircular  arches  prevail ;  whereas  at  Durham  the  re- 
verse arrangement  exists,  ail  the  internal  arcades  being  formed  by  inter- 
secting arches,  while  the  exterior  arcading  consists  of  single  arches.  The 
triforium  also  at  Durham  is  lighted  in  a  similar  way  to  Christchurch,  by 
single  Norman  windows  with  semicircular  heads.  The  zigzag,  chevron, 
billet'Course,  fish-scale,  &c.,  arc  also  applied  in  a  manner  similar  to  that 
at  Christchurch ;  so  the  stamp  of  the  same  architect  is  clearly  discovered 
in  both  buildings.  No  such  distinctive  treatment,  whereby  the  individuality 
of  the  architect  may  be  traced,  can  be  found  either  in  the  Norman  portions 
of  Romsey,  Winchester,  or  Malmesbury,  or  other  Norman  buildings. 
These  few  observations  are  thrown  out  that  it  may  induce  archseologists 
QsiTT.  Mao.  Voi^  CCXL  4  n 


510  Swiss  Antiqtdties.  [Dec. 

to  compare  the  details  of  ancient  buildings  with  each  other,  as  I  am  con- 
vinced that  such  a  course  will  be  attended  with  much  advantage  to 
archseological  lore,  and  be  productive  of  some  pleasure  to  those  fond  of 
antiquarian  research. 

SWISS  ANTIQUITIES. 

TiTE  Baron  de  Bonstetten  has  not  long  ago  published  twenty-three  foL'o 
coloured  lithographs  as  a  Supplement  to  his  Collection  of  Swiss  Antiqui. 
ties  *.  They  are  executed  in  the  best  style  of  art,  and  the  objects  are  re- 
presented of  the  actual  size.  Among  the  most  novel  and  remarkable  an- 
tiquities are  the  Roman  glass  bracelets.  They  are  in  blue,  yellow,  green, 
a  darkish  brown  glass,  some  being  ribbed  and  embossed  in  chaste  and 
elegant  patterns ;  and  in  some  instances  the  deep  blue  colour  is  relieved 
by  the  insertion  of  yellow  scrolls.  With  them  is  a  glass  ring  with  a  metal 
acus  resembling  the  mediaeval  fermail.  Of  the  same  epoch  are  some 
beautiful  ornaments,  including  a  richly-enamelled  bronze  collar  for  the 
neck,  enamelled  fibulse,  &c. 

For  the  sake  of  comparison  or  for  their  extreme  rarity,  the  Baron  has 
introduced  here  and  there  objects  from  Italy,  such  as  the  bronze  weapons 
and  implements  found  at  Herculaneum  and  Pompeii,  which  clearly  shew 
that  what  are  often  termed  Celtic  cannot,  at  least,  be  so  considered  exclu- 
sively ;  and  the  collar  in  iron,  from  the  college  of  the  Jesuits  at  Rome,  with 
a  bronze  label  hung  to  it,  whereon  is  inscribed  the  offer  of  a  reward  to  who- 
ever shall  restore  the  fugitive  wearer  to  his  master.  This  has  usually  been 
considered  the  collar  of  a  slave ;  but  we  may  suggest  whether  it  was  not, 
more  probably,  that  of  a  dog :  among  other  reasons,  the  reward  offered 
(a  solidus)  is  about  what  might  have  been  given  in  such  a  case ;  but  im- 
measurably under  the  scale  (if  we  may  quote  the  American  market)  for  a 
human  being.  Moreover,  a  slave  would  have  been  ignorant  indeed  if  he 
did  not  remove  such  an  advertisement  from  his  neck  directly  he  was  out  of 
sight  of  his  master's  house.  There  are  some  very  fine  bronze  figures,  (found 
in  Switzerland.)  the  most  interesting  of  which  is  that  which  the  Baron  de 
Bonstetten,  with  good  judgment,  assigns  to  Trajan,  represented  with  the 
attributes  of  the  god  Mercuiy. 

"  There  will  be  seen,"  remarks  the  author,  "  by  the  subjects  represented  in  this  Sup- 
plement, a  confirmation  of  what  I  have  already  stated  on  the  rarity  of  sepaltnres  of 
the  stone  and  bronze  periods  in  Switzerland.  It  is  an  incontestable  fact,  at  least  up  to 
the  present  day,  and  which  it  is  difficult  to  reconcile  with  the  abundance  of  antiquities 
of  those  epochs  continually  collected  from  our  lakes/' 

The  plates  are  accompanied  by  descriptive  letter-press  which  in  every 
page  proves  that  the  author  has  well  qualified  himself  to  speak  on  the  an- 
tiquities of  his  own  country  by  studying  at  the  same  time  those  of  other 
lands  :  and  his  familiarity  with  the  best  archcoological  works  of  England  is 
continually  turned  to  good  account,  giving  him,  very  frequently,  confidence 
in  pronouncing  with  decision,  when  without  such  study  he  would  probably 
have  hesitated  or  remained  in  doubt.  As  in  very  many  instances  the  an- 
tiquaries of  Germany  and  France  are  profoundly  ignorant  of  what  has  been 
printed  in  England  on  the  science  of  antiquities,  the  Baron*s  researches 
will,  in  this  special  point  of  view,  as  well  as  generally,  be  productive  of 
much  good. 

*  Supplement  au  Reeueil  d' Antiquity  Suisses.    Par  le  Baron  de  Bonstetten.    Folio, 
'usanne,  1860. 


186L] 


611 


LIPE  AJ^D  CORKESPONDEKCE  OF  ADMIRAL  SIK  CHAELES 
JfAPIER,  K.C.B.* 

No  one  need  be  deterred  from  taking  up  thU  book  by  the  fear  of  finding 
it  replete  with  angry  controversy,  like  another  nava!  biography  which 
appeared  no  very  long  Lime  ago.  Sir  Charles  Napier  had  the  good  fortune 
himself  to  vindicate  his  fair  fame  from  the  interested  misrepresentaliona  of 
Sir  James  Graham  and  others,  and  thus  his  fitep-son  and  biographer  is 
relieved  from  the  necessity  of  fighting  the  batlle  of  the  Baltic  Campaign 
over  again,  and  so  biiiying  the  memory  of  a  really  great  and  good  man 
binder  a  mass  of  official  j)npera  that  few  people  would  now  care  to  read. 
The  work  before  us  thus  diflcrs  widely,  and  favourably,  from  the  mass  of 
professional  biographies.  When  the  Uves  of  distinguished  officers  come 
to  be  written,  it  too  often  happens  that  the  biographer  thinks  his  duty  to 
the  deceased  and  the  public  is  discharged  by  setting  foi  th,  **  from  official 
Bources/'  how  Admiral  A.  or  Gencrr^l  B,  served  his  country  in  all  parts  of 
the  world  for  fifty  or  sixty  years,  to  the  satisfaction  (or  dissatisfaction,  as 
the  case  may  be)  of  successive  Boards  of  Admiralty  or  Commanders-in- 
Chief.  But  what  manner  of  man  hisi  hero  was — his  tastes  and  acquirements 
- — his  loves  and  his  hates — how  he  looked  and  acted  without  his  laced  coat 
find  cocked  hat — all,  in  short,  that  distinguishes  the  man  from  the  soldier 
or  the  sailor — all  this  is  too  commonly  passed  over  as  beneath  the  dignity  of 
the  theme,  and  an  awfully  heavy  hook  ia  t!ie  result;  sometimes  valuable,  no 
doubt,  if  only  other  people  beside  reviewers  could  be  compflled  to  read  it. 

Major-General  Napier,  however,  is  a  practised  writer,  and  much  too  wise 
to  follow  a  course  so  unjast  to  his  hero  and  himself.  He  has  kept  his 
selections  from  official  papers  within  the  narrowest  possible  limits,  and  has 
employed  instead  unpublished  letters  and  journals,  and  an  autobiography, 
which,  aided  by  his  personal  recollections  of  near  half  a  century,  give 
novelty  and  freshness  even  to  snch  well-known  subjects  as  the  Civil  War 
in  Portugal,  tfie  Syrian  War  in  181D,  and  the  Baltic  Campaign  of  1854; 
and  the  result  is  a  work  full  to  overfiowing  of  pleasant  reading  for  tlie 
mere  seeker  of  amusement,  though  that  is  its  least  merit.  It  will,  we 
doubt  not,  take  a  permanent  place  in  our  literature,  not  only  for  its 
triumphant  assertion  of  the  claims  of  Sir  Charles  Napier  to  be  remembered 
among  those  who  have  deserved  well  of  their  country,  but  for  its  well 
written  reeumt4  of  tbe  many  important  events  in  which  he  bore  so  dis* 
tinguished  a  pai  t. 


■  '*  The  Life  «nd  Correipondetioe  of  Admb-ul  Sir  Cliftrles  Napi<^r,  K.C.B,,  from  Per- 
Boniil  RecoUectiont,  Lettert,  iind  Official  l>iieumcnt«.  By  Major^Ooacnd  Klers  Napier," 
(2  roU.,  8vo.    liODdon:  Hur«t  and  Blockctt.) 


sss^^^&__ 


_-.-•    fTI.:     .  /7"";»13-  /Iff*    ir-f    TT 


'^         T  1  '. 


T  -    -—  :i 


■— .,s-^.-r  -.*^ -:i  T* 


'tf  V-.— :*:i2S!iirrTi  iiifitf=ir"2*  iir  in*  iniTT;'""snvt!i.~  t'  ls  TiTi'i-^irT!..  t:.-:i 

I  s&sacr  -Hwiif,.  'wm  ""!M"Hr'ir  m  JMknr  xnx  r-rsc  r  its   niu.«i  «fr~^  i^;^ 

.    »»r  lis rr^'jc  iiiiLri*  ▼£? 


i:tu  >'"itisL  ▼IS 
•tcxer  rxsmiiii.      J** 


1861.] 


Admiral  Sir  Charles  Napier ,  K.C.B. 


618 


he  had  long  been  attached,  and  shortly  afler  they  proceeded  abroad,  taking 
up  their  quarters  for  a  time  in  the  kingdom  of  Naples: — 

"Daring  our  stay  at  Naplea  wc  made  cxeureions  to  visit  Caserta,  CastellamaTe, 
Mnont  VesuTiitg,  Pompfii,  and  Herculaneam ;  took  trips  to  Capri  and  Ischia — and 
thus  tlie  summer  paitsed  in  a  most  a^^reeable  manner. 

**  In  one  of  our  expeditions  to  Ischia,  an  event  occurred,  which  Is  itill  ft-^fih  in  mj 
memory,  and  too  clmracteristic  of  the  kind  dispositiou  of  Captain  Napier  to  be  omitted 
in  this  record  of  his  life< 

•*  Having  embarked  for  Ischia  in  a  large  open  boot,  the  breeze  dying  away,  we 
remained  out  at  iiea  till  very  late  ut  night.  My  own  brother,  Charles,  then  a  delicnte 
child,  between  three  and  four  years  of  agei,  was  seized  with  a  violent  attnck  of  croup, 
which  threatened  to  carry  him  off  before  we  could  reach  the  shore.  It  were  dittJcnlt 
on  this  trjing  occasion  to  describe  Mrs;.  Napier^s  feelings,  or  her  huaband's  tender 
anxiety  and  care.  Ue  stripped  off  his  coat,  and  wrapping  it  around  the  softaring  child^ 
to  protect  it  from  the  night  air,  then  plied  an  oar  binoself,  and,  exciting  the  boatineu 
to  do  their  utmost  by  promises  of  reward,  succeeded  in  gaining  the  Hhorc,  in  time  to 
obtain  medical  nsni stance,  by  which  the  boy's  life  waa  probably  saved. 

"Tlmt  delicate,  ailing  child,  so  nearly  perishing  in  the  Bay  of  Naples^  grow  up  into 
the  gallant  and  stalwart  youth,  who,  in  1833,  seconded  so  well  bis  father's  deaperato 
attack  on  the  licet  of  Dom  Miguel."— (Vol.  L  pp.  106,  107,) 

The  men  that  the  Admiral  had  with  him  in  that  attack  are  described  by 
him  aa  "a  bad  aet,**  but  they  were  willing  to  light ;  and  in  both  parliculars 
they  seem  to  have  been  equalled  by  Ins  laud  forces.  Speaking  of  a  bivouac 
in  Portugal,  he  pays, — 

**  We  lighted  fires,  caught  and  killed  a  bullock,  and  managed  to  rough  it  out  toler- 
ably well  on  a  beef-steak  and  a  bottle  of  wine,  without  bread.  I  001100114  the  seamen 
and  marines  in  a  clump,  and  encouraged  them  in  relating  their  adveutoresv,  and  the 
reasons  that  brought  them  to  Portugab  Some  of  their  storie**  were  amusing  in  the 
extreme.  We  had,  as  may  be  supposed,  all  sorts  of  characten^  good  and  bad,  Thoro 
were  broken-down  shoemakers,  t^iilor?,  drapers,  mcn-niillincrs,  poitehers,  disappointed 
lovers,  several  resurrection  men ;  and  it  was  even  said  tbtu-e  was  ii  •  Barker '  or  two  in 
the  party.  Most  had  entered  voluntarily,  bnt  several  liad  been  kidnapped  when  drunk, 
and  shipped  off  without  their  consent.  Nevertheless,  they  were  generally  very  well 
behaved,  and  few  iustances  of  plundering  or  maltreating  the  inhabitants  bad  occurred, 
but  in  all  these  cuei  the  offenders  were  most  severely  punished." — (Vol.  i.  p.  274.) 

We  have  no  intention  of  dragging  our  readers  into  the  controversies 
which  the  gallant  Captain's  habit  of  speaking  his  mind  ao  often  involved 
him  in,  for  his  biographer  passes  them  over  with  judicious  brevity  ;  but 
we  venture  to  quote  one  rather  amusing  instance  of  his  outspoken  freedom 
on  a  n  on -professional  subject.  We  must  premise  that  he  was  with  his 
family  at  Bome  in  the  year  1816  ; — 

'^Captain  Napier  entered  with  entbiuiiasm  int^}  those  antiquarian  researches  that 
were  then  being  carried  on  in  the  *  Eternal  City*  and  its  ncighbourhtxKi.  In  company 
with  Mrs.  Nnpitri  he  examined  minutely  everything  worthy  of  being  seen  ;  and 
ftlthongh  he  was  fond  of  turning  into  ridicule  the  pretended  raptnrcs  of  the  wouUbhe 
connoiMcur*  of  the  fine  art*  amongst  our  cooutryintn,  ho  was  fully  tmprasaed  with  the 
grandeur  of  the  magnificent  remains  of  antiquity,  and  made  a  point  of  carefally  study- 
ing the  writings,  on  these  subjects,  of  the  mo^t  accredited  attthors. 

*'  lie  always  took  more  pUiiMirr  in  statuary  than  iu  nnv  oiljit  branch  of  the  tino 


614  lAfe  and  Correspondence  of  [Dec. 

arts — for  painting  he  seems  never  to  bave  had  much  taste ;  and  expressed  his  opinions 
of  the  performances  of  some  of  the  most  celebrated  painters  in  terms  that  horrified  not 
a  few  of  the  English  *  dilettanti '  with  whom  he  bad  become  acquainted.  His  abhorrence 
of  anything  approaching  to  cruelty,  extended  to  representations  of  cmdfixions  and 
martyrdoms — so  often  favourite  subjects  with  the  old  Masters;  and  some  of  these 
productions  he  condemned  in  no  measured  terms,  without  regard  to  the  opinions  of 
the  artistic  world,  or  the  judgment  of  the  most  acknowledged  '  connoisseurs '  of 
the  day. 

*'  He  was  in  this,  as  in  other  things,  fond  of  judging  for  himself,  and  forming  his 
opinions  according  to  the  dictates  of  common  sense,  without  giving  way  to  thoee  con- 
ventional laws  which  govern  the  generality  of  mankind. 

"  I  will  here  record  a  few  of  his  many  criticisms  on  painting,  which  he  expressed  as 
openly,  and  with  as  much  confidence,  as  if  he  had  been  commenting  on  the  rig  and  ap- 
pearance of  an  enemy's  man-of-war  from  his  own  quarter-deck. 

"  *  Now  just  look  at  that  fellow  V  he  would  say,  pointing  to  an  ecstatic  amateur, 
standing  in  well-feigned  or  real  rapture  before  the  recognised  chef-d'aurre  of  some  old 
painter,  whose  performances  it  were  rank  heresy  to  decry — 'look  at  him,  throwing 
himself  into  all  the  attitudes  of  a  dancing-master,  in  front  of  that  black,  ugly-looking 
daub,  as  unpleasant  to  behold  as  to  see  a  poor  devil  tied  up  to  the  gratings  and  writh- 
ing under  the  boatswain's  lash.  Tell  him  it  is  only  fit  to  be  used  as  a  target ;  he  wiQ 
open  his  eyes,  and  exclaim,  "  It  is  the  work  of  Domenichino,  of  Guercino,  or  Annihale 
Caracci ;'' ' — at  the  same  time  widely  distending  his  mouth,  to  imitate  the  emphatic 
pronunciation  of  the  horrified  admirer  of  the  fine  arts." — (VoL  i.  pp.  108, 109.) 

This  Italian  tour  was  very  near  being  brought  to  a  tragic  end  at  Pisa, 
where  the  future  conqueror  at  Cape  St.  Yincent,  at  Acre,  and  at  Bomarsund, 
and  his  biographer,  had  a  desperate  "race  for  life"  along  the  bridge  over 
the  Arno.  An  attempt  at  extortion  on  the  part  of  two  of  the  facchini  (or 
"  commissionaires")  of  the  town,  ended  in  a  scuffle,  when  one  made  a  hasty 
retreat,  .and  his  companion  soon  lay  bleeding  on  the  floor  with  a  broken 
head  and  arm  : — 

"  All  this — the  work  of  a  moment — was  not,  it  may  be  imagined,  a  pleasant  spectacle 
for  Mrs.  Napier,  who  was  at  the  time  a  great  invalid ;  she,  however,  had  the  presence 
of  mind  to  remain  perfectly  calm  and  composed.  The  wounded  man  was  carried  out 
of  the  room,  when  a  great  disturbance  arose  below ;  and  from  the  window,  which  over- 
looked the  bridge  across  the  Arno,  a  large  crowd  was  observed  assembling,  with  much 
noise  and  gesticulation,  in  front  of  the  house. 

"  Captain  Napier  inquired  where  was  the  Tribunal  of  Justice,  in  order  that  he  might 
instantly  report  what  had  occurred ;  it  was  pointed  out  to  him  from  the  window,  as 
situated  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  Arno,  immediately  fttmting  the  bridge.  It  might 
be  a  matter  of  danger  to  encounter  the  still  increasing  and  infuriated  populace, 
evidently  composed  of  the  canaille  of  the  town ;  but  Captain  Napier  was  determined 
on  the  step,  and  Mrs.  Napier  urged  me  to  accompany  him — she  probably  imagining  it 
might  be  a  sort  of  safeguard  to  be  in  the  company  of  a  child,  who  could  not  possibly 
be  an  object  of  enmity  to  the  mob.  Be  that  as  it  may,  nothing  loth  I  went ;  for 
1  remember — boy-like — thinking  it  all  capital  fun. 

*•  When  we  sallied  forth  into  the  street,  we  were  received  with  shouts,  and  threats, 
and  maledictions  from  the  assembled  multitude — fiicchini,  vetturini,  and  other  vaga- 
bonds of  every  sort;  and  I  must  own  that  I  then  began  to  feel  a  little  'queer.' 
Captain  Napier,  however,  encouragingly  taking  me  by  the  hand,  made  his  way 
through  the  mob,  and  advanced  at  a  quick  pace  across  the  bridge,  under  which,  in 
revolving  eddies,  the  broad  Arno  rolled  it«  deep  and  turbid  winter  stream. 


1861.]  Admiral  Sir  Charles  Napier,  K.C.B.  615 

"  There  appeared  to  be  a  moment  of  hesitation  among  the  crowd,  as,  casting  his  eye 
behind.  Captain  Napier  told  me  to  '  walk  as  fast  as  I  possibly  coold,  but  not  to  run/ 
Then  came  on  a  sudden  and  apparently  spontaneous  move — for  the  dark  and  motley 
mass  now  advanced  rapidly  behind  us  along  the  bridge,  whose  centre  arch  we  had  by 
this  time  nearly  attuned.  It  was  an  exciting  moment,  as  the  idea  suddenly  flashed 
across  my  mind,  that  we  might  in  a  few  seconds  be  struggling  in  the  deep  and  rapid 
waters  below ;  I  strictly  obeyed  orders,  and  endeavoured,  with  lengthened  strides,  to 
keep  at  a  walk — and  never  did  I  walk  with  such  a  will.  We  had  thus  gained  some 
advance  on  our  pursuers,  when,  with  a  terrific  yell,  they  made  a  forward  rush !  Our 
fate  hung  upon  a  straw. 

"  *  Now,  hold  on  by  me  and  run  for  your  life !'  said  Captain  Napier,  suiting  the 
action  to  the  word.  It  was  evidently  a  race  for  life  j  although  we  had  had  a  consider- 
able start,  the  rabble  now  rapidly  gained  on  us  at  every  step — for  Captain  Napier's 
movements  were  much  impeded,  not  only  by  myself,  but  by  bis  lameness,  the  result 
of  the  fracture  which  his  leg  had  formerly  sustained.  Straining,  however,  every 
nerve,  breathless  and  exhausted,  we  reached  the  portico  of  the  Tribunal,  as  the  fore- 
most of  the  pursuers  were  close  upon  our  heels. 

"  A  sentry  stood  at  the  door.  Captain  Napier,  with  a  sudden  jerk,  flung  me  behind 
him,  wrenched  the  musket  out  of  the  soldier's  hands,  and  brought  it  down  to  the 
cliarge.  The  result  was  instantaneous ;  it  effectually  arrested  the  rush  of  that  savago 
and  cowardly  mob,  and  enabled  us  to  take  refuge  within  the  precincts  of  the  build- 
ing, which  happened  also  to  be  the  Town-halL" — (VoL  i.  pp.  110 — 112.) 

The  result  was  a  trial,  which  ended  in  the  Captain's  acquittal,  when  he, 
of  his  own  accord,  made  a  liberal  present  to  the  wounded  man,  but  ac- 
companied it  with  a  word  of  advice  as  to  the  danger  of  playing  tricks  upon 
travellers.  This  nflfair  detained  him  longer  in  Italy  than  he  had  intended, 
but  he  afterwards  took  up  his  quarters  in  Fiance,  where  he  lost  much  of 
his  property  in  attempting  to  establish  steam-boats  on  the  Seine.  When 
he  at  length  returned  to  England  in  tlie  summer  of  1820,  he  and  his 
attendants  had  so  foreign -looking  an  aspect,  that  they  were  supposed 
to  be  some  of  the  witnesses  against  Queen  Caroline,  and  were  mobbed 
in  consequence. 

Captain  Napier,  as  we  have  said,  had  dissipated  nearly  all  his  property 
in  experimenting  on  steam  navigation,  and  he  now  passed  several  years 
in  straitened  circumstances.  He  applied  in  vain  for  a  ship,  or  even  for 
a  coast-guard  command,  but  he  still  worthily  supported  his  position  as 
a  gentleman,  and,  though  he  cultivated  his  little  field  with  his  own  hands, 
he  refused  to  be  "  patronized  "  by  a  rich  neighbour.  He  at  last  received 
the  command  of  the  *'  Galatea,"  and  in  that  vessel  he  made  his  first 
attempts  at  war  and  diplomacy,  and  that  with  so  much  success,  that  his 
subsequent  connection  with  the  Constitutional  cause  in  Portugal  was  the 
direct  consequence.  His  finances  being  somewhat  recruited  by  his  com-* 
mand,  he  ventured  to  contest  the  borough  of  Portsmouth  in  1832,  but 
was  unsuccessful;  and  it  was  not  till  ten  years  later  that  he  obtained  a 
seat  in  Parliament,  a  position  which  he  greatly  desired,  as  opening  a  path 
for  usefulness  alike  to  his  country  and  his  profession. 

It  was  remarked  in  the  memoir  that  we  have  before  alluded  to,  that  Sir 
Charles  Napier  was  an  indefatigable  writer.     Not  only  did  he  narrate  the 


61G  life  md  CorreMpandemee  of  [Dec 

Wars  in  Portogal  and  in  Syria,  and  keep  himself  almost  oonstantly  before 
the  public  by  "  writing  to  The  Times  "  and  other  jonmals,  but  the  quantity 
of  private  correspondence  that  he  has  left  behind  him  we  understand  to  be 
perfectly  marvellous.  His  biographer,  of  course,  has  not  been  aUe  to 
print  more  than  a  comparatively  small  portion  of  this,  but  what  ia  given 
appears  to  us  admirably  selected ;  and  its  general  effect  is  to  set  the 
Admiral  in  a  very  pleasing  light.  Much  of  it  is  addressed  to  his  wife, 
his  attachment  to  whom  (originating  as  it  did  in  early  youth,  though 
she  was  a  widow  with  a  young  fimily  when  he  married  her,)  reads  almost 
like  a  romance;  and  it  abounds  with  passages  that  shew  his  deep  lore 
for  home  and  home  pleasures.  So  desirous  was  he  of  the  society  of  his 
family,  that  his  wife  and  daughter  often  resided  on  board  his  ship ;  they 
followed  him  to  Portugal,  when  his  victory  of  the  5th  of  July  had  giren 
him  a  house,  a  carriage,  a  yacht,  and  a  box  at  the  opera ;  and  they  were 
about  to  join  him  in  the  East,  but  were  prevented  by  his  return  on  the 
abrupt  conclusion  of  the  war.  No  wonder  that  such  a  man  should  write 
thus,  about  his  reception  at  Liverpool  on  that  occasion : — 

"  They  are  going  to  make  a  great  deal  of  me ;  but  nevertheless  I  shall  he  more 
delighted  to  retmn  home  than  at  all  the  welcome  I  shall  get  at  Liverpool  cr  anywhere 
else.  The  welcome  of  the  villagers  at  Homdean  will  be  far  more  pleasant  than  any- 
thing I  may  find  here.  I  shall  leave  this  by  the  night  train  immediately  after  dinner. 
I  shall  be  obliged  to  stay  a  day  or  two  in  London:  a  trip  there  will  be  a  diaage 
to  you  an,  and  do  my  dear  Fanny  [his  daughter,  then  an  invalid]  moch  good.* — 
(VoL  il  p.  148.) 

One  feature  of  Admiral  Xapier  s  character  that  is  prominently  displayed 
in  his  correspondence  is  a  light  cheerful  humour  even  in  the  midst  of  diffi- 
culties. When  he  was  in  doubt  as  to  how  his  negotiation  with  Mehemet 
Ali  would  be  received  in  England,  he  wrote  to  his  wife,  "  I  shall  either 
be  hanged  by  the  Government  or  made  a  bishop !"  and  he  could  even 
treat  a  First  Lord  to  a  joke  on  his  wounds  by  way  of  illustrating  the  need 
for  alteration  in  a  pension  warrant: — 

"  I  beg  to  state  a  case,  by  which  your  lordship  will  at  once  see  the  folly  of  the 
existing  regulation.  My  right  thigh  was  broken  by  a  cannon-shot,  the  bone  per* 
forated  the  flesh,  and  it  is  nearly  two  inches  shorter  than  the  other.  I  was  again 
wounded  in  the  same  leg,  and  have  a  musket -ball  in  my  neck,  and  received  neitker 
a  year's  pay  or  pension.  Were  my  right  thigh  to  be  broken  again,  and  shortened  two 
inchc-s  more,  I  should  receive  a  pension ;  but  were  my  left  thigh  broken  and  shortened 
two  indies,  I  should  be  further  from  a  pension  than  ever,  because  I  aboald  be  upon 
an  e\'en  keel,  and  turn  out  both  my  toes  instead  of  one :  sodi  accomplishment  my 
dancing-master  never  could  teach  me." — (VoL  i.  p.  816.) 

It  need  hardly  be  remarked  that  the  bold  step  which  Commodore  Napier 

took  of  treating  with   Mehemet  Ali   on    his  own   responsibility  caused 

a  terrible  commotion  in  the  corps  diplomatique  all  over  the  world.     His 

cousin,  Lord  Napier,  then  an  aiCachS  at  Yienna,   (now  the  British  am- 

4 


1861.] 


Admiral  Sir  Charles  Napier,  K.C.B. 


617 


basBador  at  St.  Pet€r??burgh,)  ihtm  nmusingly  described  tie  horror  of  the 
very  etrait-laced  Auslriau  olficial  world ; — 

«•  VteMo,  Jim.  4, 1841. 
*'  Mt  dbab  Sis  Cuablks, — I  cunnoi  deny  myself  the  pleasure  of  writing  to  oon- 
gnttiilate  yon  upon  the  vict^rici  and  hmioari  which  you  have  won  in  Syria.  I  vsswn 
you  I  am  quite  proud  to  boar  your  n»Tne-  I  shine  here  in  a  kind  of  reflected  glory , 
and  enjoy  a  lofty  reputution  for  nbiriiy  nnd  irulour  hectime  I  am  your  eoaem.  I  can- 
not, however,  dlBguiw  from  you  that  the  creeping,  cautious  formal istip  the  folemn  men 
of  bttsinesa.  who  tread  the  beaten  track,  look  upon  yon  as  rather  a  desperate  dipto- 
matist,  and  cannot  snlficiently  admire  at  iioar  carrying  a  negotiation  by  a  coujp  da 
wusin.  But  1  think  their  astonitihuient  ie  not  unmixed  with  i-nvy.  They  meant  to  alt 
down  before  the  Pa»hA,  like  a  strong  pbce  in  the  Low  Countriet,  to  work  up  to  him 
by  elaborate  appronchei,  and  when  you  scaled  hh  defencca  at  ooce,  they  grieved  thjifc 
all  their  wcll*lAid  plnnt  ahoold  go  for  nought.  I  am  moit  gfaul  to  bear  that  yon  will 
bti  backed  up  at  home  in  this  buBineos.  Von  can't  think  what  «  qQandary  your  ntmbto 
movciuenta  threw  theiu  into  here.  They  cried  out  that  you  were  the  moat  valuabla 
tnndman — a  very  useful,  but  a  terrible  person,  who  ought  to  be  handcuffed  as  soon  as 
bifl  enemy  cried  out  peccavi.  As  I  am  a  diplomatist  of  only  four  months  old^  I  have 
not  yet  fiillen  in  love  with  procraAtimition.  J  humbly  hold  that  you  put  the  atitch  in 
in  time,  and  may  hcive  saYed  much  miachief.     Your  faithful  couaiii«  Napi£b/'— ^ 

(Vol.  ii*  pp.  12li  122.) 

General  Napier  has  evidently  beeti  indefatig-ab^e  in  collecting'  accounts 
and  anecdotes  of  his  hero  from  all  bis  old  associates  viho  still  survive* 
,  Thus  Captain  Pcam  gives  a  more  full  description  of  the  battle  of  Cape 
Bt,  Vincent,  and  the  heroism  of  young  Charles  Napier,  than  the  Admiral 
himself  has  done ;  but  perhaps  the  moet  valuable  contribution  of  the  kind 
a  journal  kept  on  board  the  "Powerful"  during  tlie  Syrian  War,  by 
I  liieutennnt  Elliot,  an  extract  or  two  from  which  we  gratify  ouraelves  (and 
our  readers  also  we  hope)  by  makijjg. 

In   the  early  part  of  the  war,  large  numbers  of  refugees  crowded  oa 
,  board  the  English  men-of-war.     Speaking  of  his  own  ship,  the  Lieutenant 
says,— 

"  How  I  wiah  I  ooold  le«d  yon  round  our  decks  in  the  morning,  to  aoe  the  extr*. 
ordinary  mixture  of  htmsan  btifigs  assembled  in  little  squads  between  the  guns;  some 
feeding,  some  at  prayers^  others  imoking;  some  noisy,  while  others  seem  hanll;  eyen 
•hie  to  open  their  mouths.  We  victual  at  present  132  above  our  complement,  chiefly 
Turkijih  refiigeesy  with  a  sprinkling  of  Samaritans  and  Lebanon  Christiaiis,'' ^ 
(VoL  ii.  p.  S3.) 

••  We  only  rcgrot  that  the  Admiral  will  soon  be  here,  and  will  take  the  command 

'  cmt  of  Old  Charlie's  hands,  who,  yoti  may  be  sure,  Is  disappointed.    Only  think  of  hit 

'  and  activity  the  other  day ;  he  went  on  board  the  *  Gorgon'  steamer,  as  we 

thought,  only  to  look  along  the  coast  for  a  mile  or  two,  and  was  mloing  for  two  days. 

On  his  return,  we  found  he  had  run  over  to  Cyprus^  reviewed  tlio  eapeditkm  thefe»  to 

j^iee  what  he  had  to  trust  to,  hurried  their  motions,  and  set  all  the  troops  a-dr»Uiug  j 

hen  started  off  to  8t.  Jean  d'Acrc,  examined  its  fortiflcatious  and  weak  potnt«4,  nnd 

returned  without  almost  any  one  bat  auraelvei  knowing  he  was  out  of  the  ship.  What 

opinion  he  formed  on  both  suhjeota  we  know  not,  but  we  shall  soon  see :  scaling  laddcri 

^are  eonstrticting,  pickaiea  and  ibovels  mmtcring,  and  all  is  excitement  and  hustle/'^ 

^(VoL  n.  p,  84.) 

Oxif T.  lUo.  T0£.  CCXI,  i  I 


G18  Life  and  Correspondence  of  [Dec. 

Very  soon  after  tliis  followed  the  landing  at  D'jounie,  under  the  imme- 
diate comnoand  of  Commodore  Napier  :— 

"  In  three  hotm  every  man  of  the  troops  was  landed  withont  a  casnaltv,  or  a  th'  t 
fired,  and,  ere  night,  had  taken  up,  for  raf«tj,  Gommanding  positioiis ;  the  few  of  the 
enemy's  troops  making  a  precipitate  retreat  hefore  os.  All  that  night  we  were  bard 
at  work,  forming  entrenchments,  and  arranging  oar  field-pieces,  twelve  in  nomber,  on 
some  of  the  all-bat-inaccessible  heights;  and  ere  we  had  them  half  np,  we  saw  tie 
night-signal  firom  the  distant  ships  that  the  enemj  were  in  motion,  and  soon  after, 
from  the  nearest  ship,  that  they  had  intelligence  that  the  enemy  was  cloae  at  hand. 
A  firing  commenced  by  the  ships  along  shore,  althoogh  I  fancy,  from  the  darknees, 
they  saw  nothing,  and  cnns^  d  as,  as  yon  may  suppose,  to  doable  oar  exertions.  It  was 
neck  or  nothing:  with  w,  f<>r  if  we  had  really  been  attacked  in  force  at  that  time,  the 
issae  might  have  been  doubtful;  it  proved,  however,  that  the  enemy  had  either  re- 
treated, or  it  was  altogether  a  false  alarm;  it  served,  however,  to  hasten  oar  work, 
and  morning  found  us  pretty  well  prepared,  and  all  fit  to  drop  with  the  fiatigne  of  two 
nights  of  the  heaviest  exertion  I  ever  underwent.  All,  however,  seemed  in  excellent 
spirits,  working  like  tigers,  and  longing  to  have  a  shot ;  even  oar  brother  Turks,  who 
are  by  no  means  given  to  breaking  their  backs  at  vork,  assisted  cheerfully  in  carrying 
stones  and  sandbags ;  and  the  activity  of  our  Commodore  was  beyond  belief — working; 
bellofk-ing,  and  mnning  about  everywhere ;  one  moment  rapping  a  lazy  fellow  over  the 
head  with  a  big  stick,  and  the  next  working  away  himself." — (VoL  ii.  pp.  36,  37.) 

For  the  first  few  days  of  his  being  on  shore,  the  mountaineers  seemed 
little  inclined  to  come  in,  and  in  consequence  Admiral  Stopford  thought  of 
breaking  up  the  camp;  but  Napier's  remonstrances  induced  him  to  wait 
a  little  longer,  and  at  last  the  natives  mustered  courage  to  throw  in  their 
lot  with  their  protectors : — 

"  At  their  head  was  the  Emir  Abdallah,  one  of  the  nephews  of  the  Grand  Prince, 
his  followers  being  well  mounted  and  tolerably  armed ;  and  nothing  was  further  from 
the  Commodore's  intention  than  to  return  to  Bejrout,  in  battering  down  wbich  he 
raw  that  little  credit  could  be  gained.  He  had  far  difierent  plans  in  view.  Having 
established  his  head -quarters  —  over  which  floated  his  blue  broad  pendant  —  in  a 
Maronite  chapel  commanding  the  Bay  of  D*jounie,  an  embrasore  made  in  the  walls, 
through  which  peered  a  32-pounder,  served  him  as  window,  a  few  boards  were  his 
table,  he  wrote  his  despatches  on  the  gun,  and  in  a  comer  lay  the  mattress  on  wbich 
he  sometimes  managed  to  catch  a  oonple  of  hours'  rest.  Here  he  describes  himself  as 
having  passed  some  of  the  happiest  moments  of  his  life — receiring  and  entcrtiuning 
mountain  Princes  and  Turkish  Pashas,  Emirs  and  Sheikhs,  Maronites  and  Dmsea, 
laving  always  plenty  to  do,  and  planning,  meanwhile,  a  little  mountain  campaign  of 
hisown!"— (VoLii.  p.  30.) 

As  full  of  glee  as  a  schoolboy,  the  happy  Commodore  wrote  a  letter  to 
his  %\ife,  beginning, — 

**  lyjounie,  Head-qnaHen  of  ike  Army  of  Lebanon^ 
September  20th,  1840. 
*<  Wonders  will  never  cease !     Just  fancy  me  commanding  on  army  of  7,000  men  in 
the  mountains  of  Lebanon. 

And  ending, — 

"  (iod  bless  you  all ! — my  quarters  are  in  a  church,  with  a  gun  in  it,  and  a  magazine 
of  powder  alongside  of  me.     1  am  in  excellent  health. 

"  P.S.— We  all  drank  yoar  health  on  the  18th,  on  board  the  Admiral.'* 


186L] 


Admiral  Sir  C harks  Kapier,  ILCB. 


619 


This  wiia  "Mrs,  N.ipWs  birlh-day*  In  spite  of  all  hb  warlike  eiiihu- 
siasm  when  witbin  the  s^ound  of  cannon,  the  Admirarfi  feelings  were  cssen- 
llnHy  domesHc,  and  he  never  suffered  any  rantter  that  concerned  hh  family 
^rcle  to  pti*s  by  unnoticed,  however  he  raig-ht  be  occupied.  Even  amid  Ihe 
inxieties  of  Iiis  Baltic  carnpaigTi,  he  found  time  to  answer  the  letter?*  of 
hi«  grandchild,  a  boy  of  seven  years  of  age,  who  under  his  auspices  after- 
awards  entered  the  ^lervice,  and  is  now  a  naval  cadet  in  the  Paci6c. 

Those  who  think  that  luxury  is  e?irried  on  board  the  UoyaJ  Navy  to  an 
Ixcess  that  endangers  efficiency,  are  recommended  to  read  the  fallowing 
lines  from  Lieutenant  Elliot's  journal : — 
'We  rire  much  in  want  of  news  fl-om  England,  a»  well  ns  many  oth«Tiiece«i!trioi, 
i  clo  lis,  »hoej,  crookory,  &e. — not  htmng  t)eeTi  in  a  CbrbtUin  place  for  «ix  inoritbs. 
far  wii^hin^,  I  huvc  not  known  the  luxury  of  n  di-ceiitly-wiialuHl  aUlrt  for  mmiy 
irks;  a  ritisv  out  In  tall  water,  and  AfYerwai^ls  rolletl  upou  by  «  cold  shot,  foniiing 
bd  extent  of  my  luuiidry  operation*."— (VoL  ii,  p*  91.) 

Soldiers  of  any  nation  cut  but  an  indifferent  figure  at  sea,  particularly 
rhen  the  narrator  is  a  blue  jacket ;  therefore  we  must  not  he  surprised 
r«t  this  account  of  the  Turks  at  Acre  : — 

*l>nring  the  battle  the  Ttirkisb  troops  on  bourd  proved  a  gnsat  nniniioe,  iMJng 

lei'feelly  UHcle»8 ;  and  I  hud  clj9irg«  of  moat  of  thetn  on  the  lower  deck,  it  being  too 

ufTocntiiigly  hot  to  »eud  tbijm  fitrther  lielow,  more  out  of  diingcr.     I  Imd  full  employ- 

mcnt,  ki'ep'mg  them  in  onler  with  a  larj^e  brnom-stick,  finding  no  otber  language 

intelligible  to  them,  or  half  so  persuasive.     Poor  wret^bes,  they  were  q^uite  out  of 

their  elemenL"— (Vol  U,  pp,  97,  9S*) 

After  the  battle  carae  a  little  indulirence  to  the  crews  : — 

"  As  a  treat  we  nllcvwed  the  capUiiuii  of  guns  to  go  uu  shore  to  witness  tbe  havoc 
hey  bad  committed^  ami,  tl  range  to  my,  not  a  man  got  drunk,  (I  question  if  thi-re 

y  »  tx»it](f  of  anything  led  whole  in  tbe  place).  The^r  almost  all  brought  off  trophiea 
vonb,  ptvtobir  or  any  lEnmcrack  they  could  catch,  to  diPiplay  to  *  Poll  *  or  *  Beat.* 

"By  the  bye,  I  got  a  piece  of  one  of  tbe  tlajgrs,  of  which  there  were  several— red  or 
green,  with  the  creti'ent  and  star — on  the  wull*;  mine  i*  of  the  Propliet'a  lacred 
gTten^  and  enough  to  make  a  neck  handkerchief,  which  1  muat  wear  oa  the  aimi- 
Teraory  of  Acre,  if  you  wiil  hem  it  and  give  it  a  hit  of  a  darn  for  me'/* — (VoL  ii 
pp.  115.  116.) 

"We  luive  got  tho  order  to  draw  ow  inoreaa«d  pay  at  Inat,  frr>m  Ist  July,  and 
surely  oo^flit  to  have  some  pHxe-mouoy  granted  ua.  Tbe  Sultnn  mn**!  do  »ometbing 
lor  ut  in  the  way  of  bonouit  or  medalu,  or  I  never  will  tight  for  him  again.*' — 
(Vol,  ii.  p.  ua) 

The  Sultan  attempted  to  do  sotncthin^  in  the  way  of  medals,  but 
whclhor  he  was  intentionally  mean  or  was  cheated  by  his  officers  we  know 
noU  We  know,  however,  that  the  copper  medals  for  the  settmen  were 
declined  by  several  ships*  companies,  who  refut-ed  to  take  "  the  Sultan's  bad 
htrpe?ice/'  as  they  called  them,  and  the  "  gold  medal  set  with  diamotida  " 
which  was  sent  to  the  Admiml  looked  so  very  shabby  (we  have  eeen  it), 


620  Life,  ^c,  of  Admiral  Sir  Chas.  Napier,  K.C.B.        [Dec 

that  he  would  not  let  it  be  represented  with  his  other  decorations  when  his 
portrait  was  taken. 

We  have  said  that  General  Napier  is  considerate  in  the  matter  of  the 
Baltic  campaign,  and  does  not  insist  on  giving  ns  all  the  details  tkat  less 
skilful  writers  would  reproduce  from  newspapers  and  blue-books.  The 
following  passage,  however,  is  quite  enough  to  shew  the  difficulties  that 
were  before  Sir  Charles  Napier  in  that  expedition,  and  will  enable  everj 
reader  to  judge  for  himself  whether  he  was  justly  treated  when  he  was 
removed  from  his  command : — 

'*The  squadron,  on  leaving  Spithead,  txmAMi  of  fonr  nil-of-tbe-lioe,  four  lilod* 
shipfi,  foor  frigates,  and  four  steamers  (not  a  ringle  gunboat) ;  and  with  thia  ibfroe, 
hastily  got  together,  for  the  moat  part  manned  with  the  refuse  of  London  and  other 
towns,  destitute  even  of  clothing',  their  best  seamen  consisting  of  dockyard  riggers 
and  a  few  coastguard  men — and  without  the  latter,  it  has  been  alleged,  the  sqnadroa 
could  not  have  pat  to  sea* — with  this  ineficient  force  did  Sir  Charles  Napier  leare 
our  shores,  to  offer  battle  to  the  Russian  fleet,  consisting  of  seven-and-twentj  well* 
tnuned  and  well-appointed  diips  of  the  line^  eight  or  ten  frigates,  seven  oovrettes  and 
brigs,  nine  steamers ;  besides  small  craft  and  flotillas  of  gunboats^  supposed  in  the 
aggregate  to  number  one  hundred  and  dghty/' — (YoL  iL  p.  22&) 

When  this  brief  statement  of  the  disparity  of  force  is  consideredy  and 
it  is  further  reflected  that  a  defeat  of  the  British  fleet  would  have  laid 
England  open  to  invasion,  all  must  allow  that  in  magnitude  of  service 
rendered  to  their  country  Napier  and  Nelson  may  be  fairly  associated. 
The  one  immortalized  himself  by  destroying  the  French  and  Spanish 
navies  at  Trafalgar;  the  other  equally  deserved  the  gratitude  of  his 
country  when  he  refused  to  sacrifice  a  noble  fleet  by  engaging,  at  the 
bidding  of  incompetent  officials,  in  a  hopeless  contest.  For  not  attempt- 
ing what  with  his  means  were  impossibilities,  Napier  lay  for  a  short  time 
under  a  cloud  of  popular  displeasure,  but  the  truth  at  length  prevailed, 
and  his  merit  as  a  judicious,  as  well  as  daring  commander,  has  long  been 
universally  acknowledged.  It  therefore  only  remained  for  his  biographer 
to  shew  that  he  was  as  estimable  in  private  hie  as  he  was  valuable  as 
a  public  servant,  and  this  General  Napier  has  accomplished  with  tact  and 
taste  as  to  both  matter  and  manner  that  leave  nothing  to  be  desired. 

*  "  Vide  Baltic  Campaign,  pp.  It,  13."  •  "Ibid.,  p.  19.*» 


1861.] 


621 


UiQiiial   BocuntfiitsS. 


LETTEES  OF  SIH  WILLIAM  DUGDALE. 

From  the  same  source  whence  we  have  laken  the  letters  addressed  to 

Antony  a  Wood»  by  Aubrey  and  others,  we  now  extrE\ct  a  few  writtea 
to  him  by  that  indefaligable  antiquary  Sir  William  Dugdale,  Wood  was 
first  introduced  to  the  acquaintance  of  Dugdale  *  by  their  mutual  friend, 
I  Dr.  Thomas  Barlow,  Sir  Thomas  Bodley's  libranan  at  Oxford,  and  Pro%'ost 
of  Queen's  College  ^  and  their  correspondence  extends  from  the  year  1667 
to  1684.  Wood  has  duly  noted  in  his  "Diary'*'  his  early  admiration 
of  his  brother  antiquary's  folio  on  Warwickshire,  many  years  previous 
to  their  becoming  personally  acquainted* 

Nos.  L  and  II, 

In  the  following  letters  Dugdale  inquires  of  Wood  respecting  the  copies 

of  his  Origines  Juridiciale&^  dispersed  by  the  Oxford  booksellers.    Moat  of 

the  copies  of  this  work  perished  in  the  Great  Fire  of  LondoiH  and  its  scarcity 

is   alluded    to   by    Pepys,   who,    in    his    '*  Diary,"    April,    1667,    writes, 

'  Bought  Dugdale's  *  Hijstory  of  the  Inns  of  Court/  of  which  there  was 

but  a  few  saved  out  of  the  fire/*     Dngdale  is  evidently  desirous  of  making 

[  the  London  booksellers  account  for  the  copies  of  the  work  issued  by  them 

'  to  the  public.     A  second  edition  of  the  Origines  was  pubhshed  in  1671, 

and  re-issued,  with  some  additions,  in  1 680* 

S', — I  proy  you  advertise  mc  as  soon  as  you  can  what  number  of  my  Bookes, 
intituled  Origines  juridicialcs,  were  sold  in  Oxford,  and  by  what  Bookeaellers ;  and 
from  what  Booke^eller  in  London  they  had  them.  If  that  w*^^  I  desired  from 
D'  Barlow  concerning  Lockinton,  in  Leicestershire,  be  not  as  yet  transcribed 
from  the  Lcigcr  booke  of  Leicester^  I  pray  you  let  them  copy  no  more  thaa  what 
ooncenu  the  Eudowmeut  of  the  Yicaridge  of  Lockinton,  that  beiog  it  w'*'  I  only 
desire. 

Present  my  hearty  service  to  D'  Barlow,  and  thanks,  and  let  him  know  that 
D'  Smyth*  will  be  in  Oxford  very  shortly,  he  being  now  here. 

It  will  be  fitt  you  leave  halfe  a  crowne  w***  my  man  for  M'  Jennings  as  gratuilj 
for  the  trouhling  in  bringing  jou  out  these  Rolles.  I  rest, 

Your  very  humble  sen?*, 

W.  DUGOALl. 


*  Vide  Life  <*r  Wood,  by  Bli«,  Svo,,  iai8,  p.  Ul,  &c. 

^  Aflerwardji  Bishop  of  Linoaliu  ^  Vide  Life  of  Wood,  &c,,  p.  68. 

*  Oriffinea  Juridioiaifs  f  also  **  A  Chronolcgie  of  the  Lord  ChiTicelora  and  K«ep«rt 
of  the  Cirtmt  Hen  I,"  Ac,  London,  foHo»  1606. 

*  John  Bmjth,  the  01gao«at«rahire  antiquary. 


122  Letters  of  Sir  WUliam  Dugdale.  [Dec. 

S', — I  recei?ed  jour  kinde  letter  jesterday,  and  thauke  yoa  for  the  farour  of 
advertisiug  me  so  far  conceming  mj  Quere  from  whom  jour  Oxford  booksellers 
had  those  Ongines  juridiciales ;  hoping  tliat  in  a  little  time  jou  may  discover 
those  who  are  yet  concealed,  bj  designe  as  it  seemes. 

I  also  recei?ed  a  letter  for  the  worthy  proTost  of  Queenes  Coll.  (mj  honoured 
freind;,  and  in  it  a  full  account  touching  Lockington,  for  w*^  I  intreat  jou  to  pre- 
sent mj  hearty  thanks  and  senrioe.  As  for  those  transcripts  W^  you  intend  m^ 
take  your  own  time  for  them,  for  I  am  not  in  any  hast. 

"W'e  had  a  great  noyse  here  on  Satnrday  last  of  a  certain  oonclosion  for  peace  by 
the  Com^  at  Breda,  letters  from  thence  importing  no  lesse ;  but  upon  the  arriTaU 
(^  M'  Henry  Corentre  here  on  Sunday  we  finde  that  there  is  not  a  full  determina- 
tion thereof  as  yet.  God  tume  all  to  the  best.  I  pray  you  excuse  my  not  writing 
to  D'  Barlow,  having  no  more  to  say  than  to  gi?e  thanks  for  this  his  CaTOur  con- 
ceming Lockington  and  many  others.  S',  I  am, 

Your  very  hearty  and  affectionate  freind  to  serve  you. 

Will"  Dugi>aj.b. 

London,  9»  JuLii,  1667. 

No.  III. 
The  next  letter  exhibits  the   painstaking   character  of  Dugdale*8  re- 
searches in  the  prosecution  of  his  laborious  undertaking,  the  Monasticon  ; 
it  also  shews  him  to  be  much  indebted  to  Wood  in  the  prosecution  of  hi» 
inquiries  at  Oxford. 

S', — This  is  to  let  you  know  that  I  have  received  those  Transcrips  concerning 
the  priory  of  Cold-Norton '  from  my  worthy  friend  the  Principall  of  Brazen-Nose  ', 
unto  whom  I  entreat  you  to  present  my  very  humble  service  and  thanks  ;  and  to 
let  him  know  that  the  day  of  the  death  of  their  founder  is  tertio-deeimo  in  my 
copy,  however  I  did,  through  inadvertency,  transcribe  it  otherwise. 

S',  I  acknowledge  my  selfe  much  your  debtor  for  the  great  care  and  paynes  yoa 
have  been  pleased  so  kindely  and  freely  to  take  upon  you  in  the  copying  of  those 
Charters  of  Cold-Norton,  and  I  shall  study  to  requite  your  favour  therein  by  all 
the  w^ays  I  can;  but  your  goodnesse  and  readinesse  to  further  this  worke  w*^ 
I  have  in  hand  emboldneth  me  to  presse  more  upon  you,  before  I  can  make 
rcquitall  for  what  you  have  done  for  me  therein  allready ;  w*^  is,  that  you  will 
please  to  present  my  most  humble  service  to  the  worthy  President  of  Magdalen 
ColledgeS  and  to  intreat  him  to  give  you  leave  to  peruse  their  antient  writings  and 
Bookes,  wherein  I  doubt  not  but  there  will  be  found  much  for  my  purpose 
touching  the  Ilospitall  of  Brackley  *  in  Northamptonshire,  and  of  that  at  Aynho  ^ 
in  the  same  county,  in  regard  they  have  the  lands  ;  w**  will  be  of  good  use  to  me 
in  tliis  S**  volume  of  the  Monasticon- Anglicanu  wherew*''  I  am  in  hand  \  and  w*^ 
I  must  intreat  you  to  transcribe,  (I  meane  so  much  as  yon  shall  thinke  to  be  most 
pertinent  for  that  worke,  according  to  the  course  I  have  gone  in  those  which  are 
already  pubiisht). 

'  For  Dogdalc's  account  of  Cold  Norton  Priory,  vide  Monasticon^  (edit  1S46,) 
vol.  vi.  pp.  420,  &c. 
I  Thomaa  Yatc,  D.D. 

'  Thomas  Pierce,  D.D.,  afterwards  Dean  of  Salisbury. 
'  Or  Brakele ;  vide  Monasticon^  vol.  vi.  p.  616. 
^  Vide  Monasticon,  vol.  vi.  p.  770.  *  This  appeared  in  1673,  folk). 


18610 


Onf/imI  Dot^aneni.^, 


em 


Tliti  like  ffivour  I  iutrcal  you  will  dt\$ire  Tor  me  from  tlje  woriliy  wartlen  oF  All- 
Soules"!  w***  CoUedge  having  the  lands  of  some  priors- Aliens,  Lath  (no  doubt) 
the  aotient  grants  of  them  by  the  founders:  riz.,  Abberbnry^  in  cd  Sftlop, 
Rumncy**  m  Kent,  Languenith^  in  South  Wales,  and  Wtdon-Pinknej "»  m 
North'"*'shire,  or  anj  other  in  their  Tresury  w*''  are  of  that  kinde  ;  but  you  may 
take  your  time  for  the  perseverance  thereof,  for  I  am  not  in  hast^  I  have  made 
ft  very  good  progresse  in  the  reeoTcry  of  my  Copy  (w*"^  was  unhappily  burnt  in 
the  late  wofull  fire  here"")  from  the  Re(*onb  in  the  Tower,  where  I  spent  the 
greatest  part  of  the  last  Spring  and  SuiTicr,  so  also  of  this,  in  order  to  the  per- 
Icctiiig  my  great  collection  of  materialls  for  that  Historical!  worke  of  the  Baronage 
of  Kngland  whereof  I  have  formerly  told  you ;  and  (1  thank  God)  I  have  now 
[  Ufwin  Saturday  last  iiniahed  at  the  Towen  having  now  the  Wills  in  the  Arch 
Bishop's  principal  Register  and  those  in  the  prerogative  office  to  go  through, 
and  somethiog  at  the  Roils,  ^^"^^  I  hope  to  a£Miomplish  w**in  Icsse  than  a  twelve- 
month  more,  and  then  to  fall  in  hand  w***  the  structure  ol  tliis  great  worke,  (God 
spnring  me  life  and  health). 

S\  I  further  inlreat  you,  if  Ihey  at  Clinst'Church  have  the  originsU  evidence  of 
thotie  monasteryes  w*^**  were  dissolved  by  K.  II.  8  for  the  foundation  of  that  Col- 
ledj^'e,  you  wiD  obtain  leave  to  see  them  at  your  leisure;  aad  to  consider  of  what 
yuu  shall  6ndc  amongst  them,  w"^**  I  have  not  as  yet  publiaht  toychiug^  any  of  those 
Monasterycs,  and  to  let  me  know  thereof,  t-o  the  end  1  may  make  my  addresses  to 
the  reverend  Deane '  and  the  Canons  there,  for  their  leave  to  copy  what  I  want 
W''  may  be  uaefull  in  this  worke  amongst  my  Additamenta. 

1  am  very  glad  t  hnt  you  have  met  w***  that  foundation  charter  of  Theflbrd  *  in 
Essex,  for  I  have  nothiug  thereof  as  yet,  those  small  Monasteries  scldomc  enrolling 
I  their  charters. 

1  had  lately  sent  me  a  Licger-booke  from  a  private  gentleman,  of  the  priory  of 
iBnrford"  in  Sussex,  of  w^^  I  had  nothing  before,  and  have  it  now  here;  so  that 
I  hope  in  good  time,  w"*  your  kinde  hclpc,  to  increase  my  Additamenta  to  a  good 
I  proportion, 

I  findc  so  little  amongst  our  pubHck  Records  concerning  any  HcreHiitages,  that 
I  have  not  minded  any  collection  touching  them ;  neverLhelesse,  if  you  can  helpo 
me  tlierein,  I  shall  take  it  for  a  favour,  and  consider  how  to  make  the  best  use  of 
I  what  I  can  get  of  that  nature. 

And  ao  giving  you  all  possible  thanks  for  these  your  favours^        I  rest, 

lour  most  alFectionate  friend  and  servant, 
London,  IS"*  Junii,  1MB,  W.  Dugdale, 


■  Thomas  James,  D.D. 

■  Or  AU>erbury ;  vide  Monattticttn,  vol  vL  p.  1031. 

*  Vide  Mona^ticoa,  toL  vi.  p.  1017. 

i>  Langoenitti,  or  IJanfreuyild;  vide  MQnatticom,  voL  vi,  p.  1047. 
^  Vide  MoHajttirtin,  vol.  v.  p.  SGt. 

'  This  fuel  may  probably  have  cAimcd  the  report  that  many  copies  of  tbe  third 
volume  of  the  MonastieoM  jxTl>*be»l  by  fire. — En. 

*  John  Ffll,  D.D.,  nflerwtirda  Bidhop  of  Oxford  and  Archbishop  of  York, 

'  Query  llietford,  co,  Norfolk  ;  vide  ifoiuitiff^A,  edit.  16i6,  voU.  v.  and  vh 

*  Vide  MontuticQtt,  vol.  tL  p.  d36. 


624  Original  DocMmaU$.  [Dec 

A  YORKSHIBE  IXYEKTOKY. 

Mb.  ITsBAir, — ^I  send  you  for  publication  in  the  Gsstlkxas's  l£^GAZors 
an  Inventorj  of  the  goods  of  a  Yorkshire  gentleman  in  the  reign  of 
James  the  First,  1603. — I  am,  &c.  6bqb6Z  Wkstwoxth. 

Wbolhfy-park,  X0D.  4,  1861. 


Tie  Imteuiwj  of  ml  f  goods,  CaiielU,  of  Gtmye  Dowmet^  Stftg^,  Uai  of  Wootttf, 
in  f  dgoee$  of  Yorke,  deeeaued^  prued  by  four  imdrfereni  wtem^  viz^  Tkmi  is  to  J»f , 
Hemiy  Dunmell  ike  elder,  John  pryueey  Jokm  Foster,  mud  Bicimrd  Gill^  Oe  si  d^ 

ofyocewUfre,  1603. 

Imprimis  his  girdle  and  purse  and  eertain  monej  in  it,  uj*^. 

It'm  one  bedstead,  xrii*  iiij*. 

If  vij  chares,  xvj». 

If  j  presse,  ▼]•  yiij*. 

If  2  liTcray  Cubb'tes,  ri*  Yiij*.    ' 

If  2  dcskes,  iiij*. 

If  1  Coffer,  iij». 

It'  1  great  wajnscote  chiste,  t*. 

If  1  litle  drawinge  table,  ii*  vi*. 

If  1  other  litle  table,  ij-. 

If  bridles  and  sadles  w*^  fomitnre,  a  parcell^  x^ 

If  iij  hates,  xx*. 

If  iiij  cloaks,  ij  longe  and  ij  shortc,  zxxiij*  iiij'. 

If  1  gowne,  xxxiij*  iiij*. 

If  iiij  gyrkingei,  xiij*  iiij*. 

If  dublites,  xxx*. 

If  pares  of  bretches,  K 

If  Tij  pares  of  stockinges,  xiiij*. 

If  iij  pares  of  botes,  viV 

If  iij  pares  of  showes,  iij*. 

If  iij  pares  of  baskinges,  xx*. 

If  ?  pares  of  botehose,  t*. 

If  xi  nightcapes,  ▼•  vi*. 

If  vi  fihertes,  xvi*. 

If  Y\  cafte  bands  and  vij  falling  bands,  Tiij*. 

If  viij  handkjrchefes,  ij*  vi*. 

If  vij  pares  of  Gaffes,  xviij*. 

It'  a  pece  of  seckon,  v*. 

If  iij  swerds,  iij  daggers,  and  iij  pisiolls,  xxx'. 

It'  a  crosbowe,  and  a  stonebowe,  and  a  gune,  xv*. 

If  certejne  implements,  a  dockbage,  and  other  hostementfl^  uj*  iiij'.   . 

If  ij  nages  and  i  meare,  vij". 


1861.] 


625 


Sitttiqiunnnu  antj  Hitcrarj)  tiUfUt'snifci-. 


respondents  art*  rfque^led  to  append  their  Addrewtw*,  not,  unless  tujreeahle,  for 
puhiictiHoUt  Iml  in  order  that  a  cop*/  of  the  OKirrLltltAS's  MaQIZIKB  containing 
Iheir  CommunieaHom  ma^  he  forwarded  to  /A«ii.] 


NUMISMATIC  SOCIETY, 


Oct.  ^L  John  WnxiAita,  Estj,,  F,8.A., 
in  tbe  cbair. 

Mr.  Shnrji  exhibited  im  andont  BritiHli 
coin  of  one  of  th«  sotw  r>f  Comtus»  dlfrL'ritig 
from  imy  that  hnvo  hitherto  b^en  pnb- 
lUhed,  It  U  of  gold,  weighmgr  SH  g'**- 
Ohverte,  com.  F.  on  a  rank  tablet;  above 
and  bc'low  n  ring  ornament.  Reverse,  a 
horseman  galloping  to  the  right,  wielding 
a  sword;  behind,  a  sttirj  in  the  exergue 
a  l^nd,  appArently  vni.  It  difTeM  from 
other  sfieciincns  of  the  !Uimo  moditle,  in 
hairiiiy:tho  ring-omanient»  on  the  ob?ense, 
and  an  exergu.l  line  on  the  reverse. 

Mr.  Willijims  exhibited  a  handsome 
Toluuio,  containing  electrotypes  of  large 
brats  Hoioan  eolnB  executed  by  himself, 
und  presenting  exact  fac*iojUesof  a  number 
of  fine  epociinenft  of  that  magnificent  series. 
The  vol  nine  forms  part  of  a  set  destined 
to  cotnprise  ahont  1,000  coins, 

A  eoninminication  was  read  from  Mr. 
Rolfi*,  oflering  the  loan  of  some  pi  ales 
of  Kentkh  tok«"ns— ciirefullj  etehed  by 
himself— to  tUe  Bociety,  which  was  thank- 
fully accepted. 

M.  de  Koehne,  of  St.  Petcrsburgh.  com- 
nmniciited  some  reumrks  on  the  system 
at  present  pursued  in  catido^uing  coins 
for  snlc,  in  wliich  he  advoeutcil  giving 
fuller  descriptions  of  the  coins,  and  dis- 
tribntiug  them  into  smaller  lots. 

Mr.  WiUtauis  rend  a  pap»  r  **  On  Chinese 
Knife- money,"  by  Mr.  \V.  B,  Dickiiwon,  of 
Ltmmington,  in  which,  after  pointing  out 
that  personal  ornaments  or  bullroD  have 
in  all  c<^nntries  been  used  as  a  medinm 
of  c&ehiinge  before  tbe  introduction  of 
a  c<»iuetl  cnrrency,  the  author  suggested 
that  the  perforated  copper  eotnago  of  the 
Oesit.  Mao*  Vol,  CCXL 


Chinese  was  a  relic  of  nu  parly  knife 
currency.  Thetaon,  or  knife-money,  of  the 
earliest  Chinese  dynasties  is  in  the  form 
of  a  short  knife,  with  a  perforation  in  the 
circular  handle  for  sugpeiision;  find  it  was 
possible  thtit  as  the  knives  became  of 
more  genertd  use  for  currency,  the  blades 
were  gradually  diuiinislie^i  in  size,  until 
merely  the  rounded  ends  were  left,  in  forai 
like  the  present  Chinese  "  cash." 

Mr.  Poole  communicated  an  account  of 
n  coin  &om  the  Cyrenaica,  presented  lo 
the  British  Museum  by  Mr,  Crowe,  Her 
Majesty's  Vice- Consul  at  Ben  Gbazee.  On 
the  obverse  is  the  silphinm  plant,  common 
on  tbe  coins  of  Cyrene,  Bares,  and  Hespe- 
rides ;  and  on  the  revcfse  a  gaielle^  to  the 
leftj  in  front  the  silphium  plant;  above 
the  fruit  of  the  silpbium,  in  the  field,  K,  K., 
the  whole  within  a  square  depreflsion.  From 
tbe  style  of  the  coin  Mr,  Poole  considers 
it  to  date  about  b.c.  450,  and  suggests  that 
the  letters  K,  K,  prubably  designate  the 
words  KOINOX  KYPANAION;  a  BUggesllOU 
which  is  strengthened  by  the  ctrcamstanco 
that  a  Cyrenian  didrnchui  of  the  period 
bef(*re  the  Ptolemies,  with  the  h'gend 
KOIN  .  KYPA,  has  been  published  by  Sestinu 

Tlie  word  KOINON  is  known  to  indicate 
a  community,  and  would  seem  to  prove 
that  at  the  time  of  these  coins  being  struck 
the  republic  had  already  been  established 
in  the  Cyrenaica^  as  the  nse  of  this  word 
woulil  hardly  have  originated  under  a 
kingly  government.  The  Isat  King  of 
Cyrene  was  Arcesilans  IV.,  whoso  victory 
in  tbe  chariot-race  at  the  Pythian  Games 
IB  recorded  by  Pindur.  There  is,  however^ 
no  historical  record  of  tbe  existence  of 
a  ropuhlic  before  ii,c.  401 ;  but  if  tho 
41 


626 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Dec. 


explanation  of  the  coin  as  given  by  Mr.  half  a  century  earlier,  as  the  style  of  the 
Poole  be  correct,  the  age  of  the  establish-  coin  forbids  its  being  assigned  to  a  date 
ment  of  the  republic  may  be  fixed  nearly     much  later  than  B.C.  450. 


BATH  LITERARY  AND  SCIENTIFIC  INSTITUTION. 

Nov,  8.     The  opening  meeting  of  the 


session  1861-2  was  held  in  the  Library, 
the  licv.  F.  KiLVEBT,  M.A.,  in  the  chair. 
After  the  reception  of  the  annual  report, 
the  Rev.  Prebendary  Scarth,  M.A.,  read 
a  paper  on  the  Vestiges  of  Early  Chris- 
tianity in  Britain,  which  was  illustrated 
with  a  variety  of  drawings  and  sketches 
of  ecclesiastical  remains.  Tlie  rev.  gentle- 
man treated  his  subject  very  satisfactorily, 
but  we  have  space  only  for  his  rSsumi  of 
the  evidence  in  favour  of  the  tradition 
that  our  island  can  trace  its  Christianity 
to  apostolic  times  : — 

"We  have  not  to  go  back  to  periods 
beyond  the  range  of  written  history,  or 
the  times  before  history  had  assumed 
a  clear  and  definite  form,  but  we  have 
only  to  exiimime  a  period  intervening  be- 
tween the  days  of  the  apostles  and  our 
own  times;  and  surely  if  we  can  form 
accurate  and  clear  views  of  history  ante- 
cedent to  the  coming  of  Christ,  we  can 
find  sufficient  records  to  enable  us  clearly 
to  trace  the  events  which  have  come  to 
pass  since  the  difl\ision  of  Christianity. 
It  is  to  be  hoped  that  we  shall  find  not 
only  that  we  have  written  records  respect- 
ing the  early  introduction  of  Christianity 
into  this  island,  but  thiit  those  written 
records  are  substantiated  by  existing  monu- 
ments, and  that  traces  remain  of  primitive 
Christianity  which  shew  that  our  island 
was  among  the  uumbi-r  of  those  countries 
which  received  the  earliest  beams  of  Divine 
light. 

"  It  has  been  attempted  by  some  writers 
of  modern  date  to  deny  that  Christianity 
prevailed  in  Britain  prior  to  the  coming 
of  St.  Augustine,  and  the  existence  of 
a  Church  in  Britain  previous  to  that  mis- 
sion is  treated  by  them  as  a  mere  fable. 
Some  have  attempted  to  argue  against  it 
from  the  want  of  any  Christian  inscrip- 
tions among  the  numerous  records  of  pagan 
idolatry,  which  are  continually  found  in 
ancient  Roman  camps  and  cities,  and  they 
allege  that  the  non-existence  of  Christian 
memorials  there  is  a  strong  evidence  that 
no  Christianity  existed.  Let  us  examine, 
therefore,  what  are  really  the  memorials 
that  have  survived  of  primitive  Chris- 
tianity in  this  land,  and  how   far   they 


corroborate  the  testimony  of  British  his- 
torians. 

"  There  has  always  been  a  strong  belief 
in  the  minds  of  many  who  have  carefully 
examined  the  ecclesiastical  writings  from 
apostolic  times,  that  the  great  Apostle  of 
the  Gentiles  preached  in  this  island :  that, 
having  fulfilled  his  known  porpose  of  viat- 
ing  Spain,  he  extended  his  labours  to  this 
ishtnd ;  and  to  that  fact  St.  Clement  alludes 
when,  in  speaking  of  the  journeys  of  the 
Apostle,  he  describes  him  as  penetrating 
to  the  furth«-8t  limit  of  the  West.  ThiB 
has  been  a  subject  of  much  controversy, 
and  the  opinions  and  arguments  of  writ^ 
have  been  very  ably  brought  nnder  review 
by  Professor  Chevallier,  in  a  note  to  his 
translation  of  the  Epistles  of  St.  Clement 
of  Rome,  St.  Polycarp,  and  St.  Ignatius 
(London:  F.  and  J.  Rivington,  1851), 
and  after  very  learnedly  sifting  the  evi- 
dence, he  comes  to  this  conclusion : — 
'  Upon  the  whole  it  seems  clear  that  St. 
Paul  preached  in  the  West,  including 
Spain,  in  the  interval  between  the  ter- 
mination of  his  imprisonment  in  Rome 
and  his  martyrdom.  That  the  Gtsspel  was 
preached  in  Britain  by  some  of  the  apo- 
stles ;  that  the  terms  in  which  St.  Panrs 
preaching  is  described  may  include  the 
British  islands;  and  that  there  was  pro- 
bably time  for  his  visiting  them  :  but 
whether  he  actually  did  so  may  reason- 
ably admit  of  much  doubt.' 

"  Archbishop  Usher  in  his  BrUannica- 
rum  Ecclesiarum  AntiquUates,  and  Bishop 
Stillingfleet  in  his  Origines  Britannictg, 
maintain  the  opinion  that  St.  Paul  preached 
in  Britain.  The  same  side  of  the  question 
has  lately  fouud  a  learned  and  zealous 
advocate  in  Dr.  Burgess,  late  Bishop  of 
Salisbury.  His  tracts  on  the  origin  and 
independence  of  the  ancient  British 
Church,  and  his  two  sermons — the  one 
preached  at  the  annual  meeting  of  the 
Society  for  Promoting  Christian  Know- 
ledge, and  the  Church  Union,  in  the 
diocese  of  St.  David's,  in  1813 ;  and  the 
other  preached  in  1831,  before  the  Royal 
Society  of  Ijiteratui*e-— contain  the  princi- 
pal facts  and  arguments  connected  with 
the  question.  The  late  Bishop  of  London, 
in  his  seventh  lecture  on  the  Acts  of  the 
A  pi  sties,  leans  to  the  opinion  of  Jablonski, 
that  the  preaching  of  St.  Paul  in  Britain 
is  extremely  improbable.  Whatever,  then. 


1861.] 


Bath  Literary  and  Scientific  Inatilution. 


627 


may  be  onr  own  opinion  ufVcr  estaminrng 
thu  weight  of  evidrnc*  on  l)uth  iide«,  we 
UfC  thai  in  the  opinion  of  learned  and 
uccumte  »clK»hir^  thtTf  scTnid  to  he  no 
doubt  thiit  I'hriiitinntty  wiia  prencbod  in 
this  iwhind  by  mnte  of  the  iip<^tk«. 

•*  Wliut,  then,  is  the  erirhe«t  tvdtiinony 
wc  hnve  of  iConnm  mid  Bi  itii^b  historians, 
»nd  of  the  Welsh  Ttiji*!^?     And  first  the 
[  Trind*,  Of  Welsh  rw'ordH.     The  *riiail»  in- 
'  fbnn  iw  thai  Hmn,  tlie  fftther  of  Cara^'og', 
the   famouf  (jtrMcliuniiii  was  detalnrd  nt 
Koine  u  hoBt»^:e  for  ut-ven  years,  Uiotigh 
hi«  t^tm  wan  fUJt  nt  liberty.     Hrttn  ts  stdd 
to  have  Iteen  a  bnrd«  nnd  his   faniily   i« 
.  reckoned  atnoniyf  tlie  tUrfte  holy  fiitiiilien  of 
the  Inle  of  BnUin, — and  it  U  (uiid  that  ha 
bffMight  the  faitb  of  Christ  into  this  UUmd 
from  Itoine.    According  to  Tiieituji.  it  was 
About  A^D.  51    that  tbe  Britiiih   eaptive^i 
arrived  iit  Home ;  nnd  it  was  nhont  two 
or  three  years  later  that  St,  I'aul's  Epistle 
to  tbe  Komana  was  written^  or,  iiceordinij 
to  Dr,  Wordsworth's  cumputiitioii,  seven 
years  aftrrward«,    or   a.d.  58*     In   that 
'  Kpit^tle  the  A|Kwtle  ■ondA  Iua  Aahitjition 
tf»  many  eonvet  ts  in  tbe  city  of  Home ;  and 
in  the  KpistU*  to  thi«  PhilipptnnN  he  apcMika 
of  the  faints  '  of  Cai^nr**  hoiiHchold.'    We 
•ee,  therulore,  that  Bn»n,  when  a  bostngo 
[ m.  H«itne,  nii«ht  have  had  opportnnity  of 
I*  learning    the    d*ketrincs   of  Clirtstianity, 
.  The  •  Uenoalojfy  of  tiie  Suintj*  of  tbts  Iste 
j,©f   Hritain*   (says   Mr.   WiHianm)  agrees 
»rith  tbe  TriaiU  in  nttnbntin^  tbe  first 
Introduction     of    Cbri^tiaiii»y    to    Hnm, 
'  Bran  wns  tbe  first  who  broaght  Chris- 
tian   faitb   to  this  ef»unt  ry.     The   ibree 
•liv*  r  '  'iK-  Istt)  of  Hrita'to  wlio  e^ai* 

«  fiTrt  wen'> — Bran,  the  blessed 

son  !>•    ...;.    Lhdiuth,  y^ho  liri^t  brou|^ht 
the  (i%\tU  of  Christ  (o  tlie  nation  «>f  the 
'  t'yuiry  from   Koioe,  where  be  bad  been 
n  hostage  tor  his  son  Cnradog,  wboin  the 
\  liumuu*  bud  taken  captivo  art^r  be  Wms 
\  betrayed     l»y     treachery  j     tbo     second^ 
lX*tclrw{7»  the  son  of  Cocl,  who  hti»  the 
«on  of  St.  C\\lUn,  surnauiied  T^lewer  Mawr, 
who  made   the  tlrat  dmreb  at   LhimhiU', 
M"I    M.-^    wns   the   first    in    the    l^le  of 
id  who  l«'!*tow<Mi  tbe  privilege 
•  J   )itul  miiton.  iiud  jnd^nient  and 

■  vairdiiy  uf  onth,  upon  lh«jSi'  who  nbouhl  bo 
^  f^f  f  h*'  frtitb  rf  Christ ;  the  third,  t'adwaladr 
U  who  granted  the  privileijre  of 
id  all  Idit  projierly  to  tbe  faitli* 
'  '  in  tbo  infidel  Stiumjis  nnd 
men  who  wished  to  alay 

-^) 

"  1  I  ten-sting  docntoeitbi,  »tays 

Mr.    '  we  nro  tndtbted    to  tb© 

■Jlordji,  v^kuae  duty,  arcofding  to  tbe  Mrj^l- 

hIjais  lawAi  wa«  to   keep  an  autbuntio 


record  respectinj?  privile|fes,  cnstome*  fami« 
lies,  pedigrees  of  nobility  by  honourable 
marrnig-eft,  heroic  actions,  and  everything 
of  frupinor  excellence  of  county  and  elan, 
(^fyiu  Arch.,  voL  iii..  Laws  of  DynwMl 
Mo"lmnd.)  The  •  Genealogy  of  the  Saints* 
mentions  the  names  of  fonr  Cbrt^tiaa 
niisaionarie^  who  accompanied  Bran  on 
bis  return  to  bis  native  cotintTy,  vix  ^ 
IIUI,  Cyndiir,  and  bis  son  Mawan,  who 
ore  8t)led  'Men  of  Israel,*  and  Arw^stU 
Hen,  *a  man  of  Italy/  Arwy&tli  is  snp- 
posed  to  be  tbe  same  person  witb  Ari- 
ftobdus^  spoken  of  in  St.  Paul's  Epistle 
to  the  Konians,  ivi.  10.  Tho  formation 
of  the  nsime  from  the  Greek  (says  Mr. 
Williamji)  would  be  In  perfect  aeeordance 
with  the  analogy  of  the  Webb  language. 
But  what  a*lda  the  greatest  support  to  tb«i 
bypotbeais  is  the  fact  that,  in  tbe  Greek 
Mcnology,  Arlstobulus  i»  m\d  to  have  been 
ordained*  by  St.  l*aul  as  a  bi8»  op  for  tbo 
Britona.  In  tbi«  case  the  (V  V  -  ! 
Wi-lsli  are  wilnesses  wholly  h 
of  each  otlipf.  DnrotbeUB  in  li  \  j 
bis'  likewise  aflinns  that  Arialobnlua  wat 
m»ite  bsabnp  in  Britain, 

'•The  Triiids  intinmto  that  the  family 
of  Bran  in  general  eml>raced  Cbristianityp 
for  they  s^ieak  of  it  as  one  of  the  thri^ 
holy  faniiUes  of  the  Iwle  of  Biituln.  It  ia 
probable,  says  Mr.  Williams,  that  tlji« 
iiap(>eued  at  Home,  We  learn  from  one 
of  tbe  l>i:ids  that  the  whole  ru;  al  fiimily 
was  carried  captive  thither.  A  *on  and 
dntigbter  of  Caiadog  arc  ranked  amoii)^ 
tbe  satntl.  Uis  daughter  Kurgalu,  or 
Eigeu,  11  recorded  as  tbe  first  female 
saint  among  tbe  Britons,  and  ber  con- 
version seems  to  have  been  contemporary 
with  tbe  first  introvluction  nf  rbristianily 
into  the  island.  She  i»  Aadd  to  have  fonoed 
a  college  nf  twelve  ndigiou*  iM-rwrns,  wbicb 
wasetdkdnflcr  ber  nauie,nnd  she  ii^  also  said 
l4>  have  Wen  marrii'il  to  a  nuble  Itouuin. 

**  Let  us  Si^e  now  ^bat  tlie  Roman 
bist'orlans  tell  ns.  We  have  observed 
I  hat  there  must  have  been  wvend  native 
Brit4ms  at  lb>me  during  the  time  tbtit 
tit.  I'-"'  "1  <!  «'  *  -  "  •-'  nsdeid  iuthut 
cit\  lid  other  writ*' m 

haN>  _^  the  convert*  to 

Cbristi  unity  lb  en  living  at  lloiue,  waa 
one  of  high  rank,  vii.,  the  wife  of  A  ulna 
i'lautius.  the  tirst  governor  of  a  Homao 
provin<v  In  Britiiin,  nnd  tbe  general  wbnao 
arm-  '     '  '  '    ■    ^         ' 

qu, 

wbii .,  i... ^,,    -  ...  .... 

f>onia    Gm-cTna,  an  Uidy.   tbo 

wife  nf  Anlns  PI«mi  .  ninm   bla 

return  from  Briiaitu  liud  bvtru  bononnHl 
with  an  ovaiton,)  Ujing  oa-tummI  of  having 


628 


Aniiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Dec. 


embraced  a  foreign  superstition,  her  trial 
was  committed  to  her  husband.  He,  ac- 
cording to  the  ancient  institutions  of 
Rome,  haying  made  solemn  enquiry  in 
the  presence  of  her  relations  respecting 
any  charges  affecting  her  life  and  reputa- 
tion, pronounced  her  innocent.  After  this, 
Pomponia's  life  was  protracted  through 
a  long  course  of  melancholy  years.'  (Tad- 
tos,  Annals,  lib.  xiii.  c  32.)  It  is  believed 
that  what  Tacitus  here  described  as  a 
'foreign  superstition,'  was  Christianity, 
which  Pomponia  had  embraced.  At  the 
time  St.  Paul  was  a  prisoner  in  Rome, 
Pomponia  QrsDcina  must  have  been  living 
in  that  capital.  There  was  also  another 
female,  then  resident  in  Rome,  who  is 
rommetnorated  by  the  Roman  poet  Martial, 
and  declared  to  have  been  a  Briton  by 
birth,  and  celebrated  for  her  wit  and 
beauty.  It  appears  also  from  the  poet 
that  she  was  married  to  a  person  named 
Pudens.  These  have  been  supposed  to 
be  the  persons  whose  names  are  men- 
tioned by  St.  Paul  in  his  second  Epistle  to 
Timothy.  At  the  time  St.  Paul  wrote  this 
Epistle,  Martial  was  between  thirty  and 
forty  years  of  age,  a.d.  67.  It  is  no  un- 
reasonable conjecture  to  suppose  that  by 
the  instrumentality  of  these  persons  the 
light  of  Christianity  may  also  have  been 
brought  into  this  island.  These  agree- 
ments and  coincidences  between  Welsh 
tradition  and  Roman  history,  borne  out 
as  they  are  by  ecclesiastical  history,  and 
confirmed  by  Scriptural  allusion,  afford  a 
very  strong  proof  of  the  early  growth  and 
subsequent  extension  of  Christianity  in 
our  island." 


After  treating  in  detail  of  the  Culdeea, 
the  Irish  missionaries,  the  early  conver- 
sion of  Cornwall  and  the  north  of  England, 
and  enumerating  many  Comiah  oratories 
Welsh  inscriptions,  and  Saxon  crosaea,  re< 
presentations  of  which  were  exhibited,  the 
rev.  gentleman  concluded  thos : — 

"We  have  seen  that  the  inscriptions, 
crosses  and  oratories  of  Cornwall  and 
Wales  bear  testimony  to  the  existence  of 
a  Church  in  this  country,  quite  distinct 
from  that  of  the  Saxon,  founded  by  St. 
Augustine,  and  much  anterior  to  it.  We 
find  remains  of  churches  in  Scotland  and 
Ireland  which  bear  no  affinity  with  the 
Saxon  and  Norman,  and  confirming  the 
testimony  of  history  that  these  were  en- 
tirely independent  branches  of  the  Church 
Cathrtlic,  and  owe  their  foundation  to  a 
period  antecedent  also  to  the  miasion  ot 
Augustine.  The  vestiges  of  the  labours 
of  ^icottish  and  Irish  missionaries  are  very 
discernible,  and  it  is  a  singular  fkct  that 
while  mediaeval  buildings  have  super- 
seded the  works  of  the  Saxon  missionaries 
in  the  south  of  England,  the  north  and 
west  still  bear  distinct  traces  of  their 
early  evangelizers.  The  united  testimony 
of  history,  inscriptions,  and  sculptured 
fragments  to  the  early  planting  of  the 
Church  in  this  island,  not  to  mention  the 
manuscripts  of  the  fifth  and  succeeding 
centuries,  which  still  remain,  is  such  as  to 
give  the  liveliest  satisfaction,  not  only  to 
the  archeeologist,  but  to  every  one  jealous 
of  the  honour  of  his  country." 


BUCKS.  ARCH^OLOGICAL  AND  ARCHITECTUIIAL 
ASSOCIATION. 


Oct  10.  The  annual  meeting  was  held 
at  Amersham.  The  weather  was  fine,  and 
the  proceedings  commenced  with  an  ex- 
cursion to  the  Old  Manor  House,  Chenies, 
now  the  residence  of  F.  Rickards,  Esq. 
The  party  were  hospitably  welcomed  by 
the  owner,  and  proceeded  to  inspect  the 
mansion.  Of  the  quadrangle  of  which  it 
originally  consisted,  only  one  wing  now 
remains.  The  west  side  is  in  ruins,  and 
on  the  north  side  the  foundations  only 
can  now  be  discerned.  The  excursionists 
were  entertained  at  lunch  at  the  residence 
of  the  Rev.  Lord  Wriothesley  Russell, 
Rector  of  Chenies.  His  Lordship  was 
from  home,  but  his  son  supplied  his  place 


with  the  greatest  courtesy.  The  party 
paid  a  short  visit  to  Chenies  Church,  and 
then  returned  to  Amersham,  where  the 
more  formal  business  of  the  day  com- 
menccd. 

A  museum  had  been  farmed,  and  was 
exhibited  in  the  Town -hall,  comprising 
a  great  number  of  interesting  objects. 
The  hall  was  hung  with  brass  rubbings, 
and  the  upper  end  was  adorned  with 
a  variety  of  specimens  of  ancient  armour. 
Among  the  articles  exhibited  was  a  vain- 
able  collection  of  ancient  deeds,  selected 
by  the  Rev.  W.  Drake  from  the  family 
archives  at  Shardeloes.  These  included 
the  great  seal  of  Henry  VI.,  (affixed  to 


1801 .]     Bucks,  Arthmologieal  and  Architedural  Associatian,      629 


a  pardon  of  the  outlawry  of  Sir  JatncM 
KtfHiIliiitr,)  nnd  the  uipiets  of  Qowh  Elmi- 
Wili.  of  Cliiirle*  I.,  and  of  Wiirtmn  (iiiiJ 
Hnry,  tinJ  a  very  pertect  grewt  seal  of 
H«<nry  VUI.  nlUxrd  to  a  grant  of  laxiil. 
the  headiug  of  which  wa*  rcumrktthly  well 
exfH'utL'd  in  pen  aiid  ink.  On  4  deed  of 
Clmrle«  11.  wtu  an  excellent  tncxsotiut  por- 
trmt  of  Chnrli*!  h,  which  mimt  have  been 
cn'Ctitwl  within  »  year  or  two  of  the  in- 
v«ntioii  of  tho  art  by  Prince  Kupert. 
Thfre  was  alio  a  boll  of  Popo  Alexander 
HI.,  reft^TTing  to  some  Unds  gnuited  to 
thtf  Clmruh  in  Linoolnahlre,  and  a  grant 
of  armi  to  Willinin  Smythe.  A.D.  1106*. 
fine  coUcciion  of  ^oh\  and  nihiT  cfutia, 
nd  a  lurj^o  kiIvlt  hox  wtlh  a  Dutch  le- 
gr»'nd  t'ngnived  on  it  wiia  fxliihited  by  T.  T. 
Prake,  Enq. ;  a  largt^  tlrawiii^  of  the  old 
house  at  SltArdel(X%  and  a  cnriou»  lock 
froui  Litlh>  SlianU'loci  exhibited  by  Mra, 
John  Drnke ;  ul^  a  «plendid  collection  of 
pinffed  birda,  all  ibot  within  the  county, 
exhibited  hy  the  K«\%  Bryant  liurgets; 
three  tine  helmvte,  exhibited  hy  ioord 
Wnothenley  Kuaaell^one,  a  baron'*,  iup- 
pitted  to  liavo  belonged  to  the  first  Kiirl  of 
Iknlford,  the  other  two  being  knights' 
helmets;  a  photographic  copy  of  a  por^ 
tion  of  Uome«day  Hook,  relating  to  the 
<^uilty  of  Ci^ruwall,  «'xwated  by  the  new 
proccM  invented  by  Sir  H.  Jauiea;  some 
nucifnt  mlsftidt,  exhibited  by  the  Rev,  W. 
E.  Partridge ;  four  inventory  rolU,  shewn 
jbj  Ur.  l*ce,  relating  to  property  of  mem- 
9r*  of  the  Lee  and  Hampden  faniiltc*; 
Rutnan  rt-nuiitm  from  IJriconiom,  and  from 
i'htxiul.  Kent;  a  very  perfect  Homan  jar. 
bnud  on  VV'yeorahe  Heath ;  Uoinan  re- 
itairiN  trom  Latifner  nnd  Woi^toti  Turville ; 
itHidel,  in  chalk,  of  the  font  in  CUftoii 
I'yne*  Church  j  oak  ctirving  of  the  Nati- 
Jrityj  a  curious  MS.  eotjtainiiijf  the  Judge*' 
rigiual  notes  on  thecekbruUHl  Ship-iaonoy 
Hal;  specimens  of  a  new  luid  bcnntiful 
nethml  of  lithographing  brass  rubUngf, 
by  Mr.  WiDtams;  also  a  CIdncwa  otMnpaK 
liutd  alutaiiMck  fib e wing  the  nc^tlle  to  )w 
Imncient.  a  l>«ltand  ktiivet  frinn  the  llinta- 


•  8neh  t*  tti*  rtfttn  «iipptte4  t«>  a*,  b«t  we  ini»- 
pfet  Hvme  error.^  Ka. 


from  the  Caucasus,  Mctlon  of  fom<tre« 
from  Now  Kcalantl,  and  a  carved  paddle, 
cxhibitoft  by  Vice^Admind  Smyth ;  two 
|iiece9  of  carved  alabaster,  some  Koman 
br<»n£r8^  a  carved  horn,  and  a  cannoi)- 
ball  from  Chalgrove*field,  by  J.  Lee,  Eaq.  j 
a  number  of  llomnn  article*,  discovered 
in  1660  at  Tinge  wick,  near  Buckingham^ 
and  exhibited  by  Mr.  Greaves. 

The  general  meeting  waa  held  in  the 
Towu'hall,  at  three  o'clock,  and  was  well 
attended.  Tlie  Btsffot*  of  Oxfoed  pro* 
«ded«  and  among  tho#e  present  were  tlio 
Hem.  W,  G, Cavendish.  M.P, ;  W.  Ijowndei» 
Eai|.,  and  family ;  G.  Sntton,  Esq. ;  T.  T* 
Dmke^  Ejuq.,  and  family  j  G.  Carnngton, 
Eaq.;  Rev.  T.  Evetta  ;  Rev,  C.  Lowndea  ; 
Rev.  W.  H.  Kilke  ;  Rev.  W.  Drake;  Rev. 
E.  .1.  Luce  ;  Rev.  C.  Lloyd»  &c 

The  Bishop  of  Oxford  opened  the  pro* 
eeedingf  with  a  few  appropriate  remarks 
on  the  general  subject  of  arcbasology,  the 
connexion  of  tho  past  with  the  preeent, 
which,  he  ob«erved,  mnst  have  a  deep  in- 
terest to  every  thinking  man  : — 

**  Jtiat  in  proportion  aji  aociety  is  dvilized* 
in  proportion  as  man  is  educated,  he  learns 
to  live  not  only  in  the  present,  with  uhich 
liis  senses  are  conversant,  Imt  with  the 
|mMt  and  the  future,  which  he  deiilji  with 
in  memory  or  in  anticipation.  Tl>ero  is 
no  greater  mark  of  the  clvilir^tion  of 
a  man,  or  of  a  society,  than  tiiis.  The 
aiitnial  liv«  sokly  for  the  prwient<  Now 
there  are  people  who  Utok  through  their 
wondering  glasses  and  tell  you  there  is 
nothrukf  in  this  old  insTiption  or  that 
rusty  record,  and  •ay.  What  is  the  worth 
of  nil  this?  and  who  tnm  np  their  n-  ses 
in  simpering  sctirn.  Now  I  ask,  what 
dues  this  mean?  It  menna,  *  I  am  simply 
a  9n%'ago,  living  solely  in  the  present,  per- 
fectly unable  to  undumtand  the  past.  Give 
nie  a  little  snud.  a  little  ragar-candy, 
that  will  tickle  the  p«ihite — I  can  under- 
stand ih&L*  I  think  we,  on  our  part, 
umy  com  foil  ourselves  with  a  little  con- 
teinpt.  and  retlect  that  it  is  we  who  stand 
011  the  peflewtal,  and  may  claim  some  .supe- 
riority abo^e  thfi*e  who  flatter  themsel^oB 
on  their  superiority  over  ns.  In  this  lies 
the  windom  and  the  i;:reatn«ta  of  anti- 
qmLtian  researcb.  Of  course  th*-i»e  rc- 
S'/tirchi'8  may  be  pursued  in  a  diMiauU 
nntl  frivoliiua  spirit.  A  man  may  collect 
antiqn^u-ian  objects  merely  b«^cftu«5  they 
are  rare  or  odd,  just  as  a  man  nu^  follow 
nataral  history,  c^lleciiiig  sptdtiiem  onljr 


630 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Dec. 


bocanse  they  are  queer  and  strange.  But 
a  true  antiquary  cares  for  such  things 
for  this  reason,  that  they  are  an  indication 
of  what  the  life  of  a  past  time  was ;  he  is 
enabled  to  see  what  the  struggles  of  hu- 
manity were  in  that  old  time,  and  compare 
them  with  the  struggles  of  the  present 
time.  He  learus  that  procession,  and  not 
stagnation,  is  God's  law  for  the  race ;  he 
learns  how  we  lose  truths — unless  we  are 
very  vigilant — which  our  fathers  had,  and 
how,  instead  of  looking  back  with  con- 
tempt on  those  before  us,  we  should  look 
to  them  with  reverence  as  the  developers 
of  mighty  truths,  as  our  predecessors  in 
the  march  of  civilization,  who  have  handed 
down  to  us  that  which  we  shall  never  keep 
unless  we  honour  alike  those  who  gave  it 
to  us  and  the  gifc  they  have  transmitted 
to  us,  but  which  we  would  fain  keep, 
looking  forward  to  those  who  are  to  suc- 
ceed us.  We  are  to  look  upon  them  as 
the  holders  of  a  torch  which  bunit  brightly 
for  the  little  season  that  they  had  it, 
which  they  have  handed  to  us,  to  hold, 
not  as  if  we  ourselves  had  kindled  it,  but 
remembering  that  it  has  come  to  us  to  be 
kept  alive,  and  by  us  tninsmitted  to  our 
successors.  That,  I  am  sure,  is  the  spirit 
in  which  every  one  of  us  desires  to  enter 
on  our  work,  and  I  will  therefore,  without 
any  further  reiharks,  invite  you  to  proceed 
with  the  business  of  the  day." 

The  Rev.  C.  Lowndes  then  read  the 
treasurer's  account,  which  shewed  a  balance 
of  £5  lis.  against  the  Society. 

Mr.  Lowndes  also  gave  notice  of  a  pro- 
posal to  raise  the  subscription  from  5s.  to 
6s.  animally,  or  £1  5s.  for  five  years. 

The  whole  of  the  officers  and  committee 
were  re-elected,  and  twenty-four  new  mem- 
bers joined  the  Society ;  after  which  the 
Rev.  W.  Drake  pointed  out  the  various 
objects  exhibited,  especially  those  con- 
nected with  Shardeloes. 

The  Rev.  B»  Burges  then  read  a  paper 
by  W.  n.  H.  Kelke,  Esq.,  on  Amersham, 
which  will  be  published  in  the  records  of 
the  Society.  The  Parliamentary  history 
of  the  l)orough  commences  in  a.d.  1800, 
but  the  franchise  seems  to  have  fallen  into 
disuse  until  1624,  when  it  was  revived 
by  the  exertions  of  Hampden  (who  fre- 
quently visited  and  acted  in  the  town  as 
a  magistrate),  much  aj^ainst  the  desire  of 
the  King,  who  sought  to  limit  rather 
than  to  extend  the  number  of  burgesst-i. 
Among  persons  returned  at  different  times 


as  members  for  Amersham  were  the  poet 
Waller,  Algernon  Sidney,  two  Sir  William 
Drakes,  and  others.  The  paper  alflo  re- 
ferred to  the  burning  of  several  LollArda, 
A.D.  1413,  at  Amersham,  and  the  pamah- 
ment  of  a  number  of  others  a  centurj 
later.  A  piece  of  ground  near  the  ceme- 
tery, which  tradition  points  out  as  the 
site  of  these  executions,  is  supposed  to 
have  been  barren  ever  since,  although  by 
the  removal  of  the  flints  on  the  snrfaoe 
it  has  been  recently  improved.  Probably, 
if  the  tradition  be  correct,  this  spot  was 
chosen  as  easily  visible  from  the  town. 

The  Rev.  W.  H.  Kelke  read  a  paper 
on  "The  Sculptured  Monuments  of  the 
County,"  entering  into  a  minute  descrip- 
tion of  twenty-three  of  the  most  remark- 
able of  these  monuments,  which  still  exist 
at  Hughendon,  Aylesbury,  Ivinghoe,  Ash- 
endon,  Hogston,  Clifton  Reynes,  Twyford, 
Domton,  and  other  churches.  The  rer. 
gentleman  observed  that,  however  moch 
the  monuments  of  the  county  suffered  at 
the  Reformation,  it  is  to  an  age  priding 
itself  on  classic  taste,  especially  the  latter 
end  of  the  last  century  and  beginning  of 
the  present,  that  we  must  attribute  many 
of  the  most  heartless  instances  of  wilful 
injury  or  neglect  of  these  remains  of  the 
past. 

The  Rev.  C.  Lowndes  read  a  letter  from 
Vice- Admiral  Smyth,  on  a  donbled-fact-d 
brass  in  Stone  Church,  with  a  few  paKi- 
culars  on  that  edifice. 

There  was  another  paper  to  be  read, 
but  on  account  of  the  lateness  of  the  hour 
it  was  postponed;  and  after  the  usual 
votes  of  thanks  the  meeting  broke  up. 

Oct.  11.  A  General  Meeting  was  held 
the  following  day,  at  seven  o'clock  in  the 
evening,  under  the  presidency  of  the  Rev. 
T.  Evetts,  Rural  Dean ;  when  the  proposi- 
tion for  the  alteration  of  Rule  IV.,  for  the 
incr(>ase  of  the  annual  subscription  from 
^9,  to  68.,  was  considered,  and  carried  una- 
nimously. 

Several  papers  were  then  read,  including 
one  by  the  Rev.  C.  Lowndes  on  **  Cbesharo 
in  the  Olden  Time;"  and  others  by  the 
Rev.  W.  H.  Kelke,  on  "Chenies  Manor 
House;"  by  Mr. Goodman,  on  ''Chalfont 


1861.]  Cheater  Archaological  and  Historic  Society, 


631 


8tt  OileB  i"  by  the  K<*v.  H.  Roundoll^  on 
•*The  Diseavery  f>f  Roman  Antiquities  at 
Tingewick ;"  by  Mr.  C.  Lauiborn,  on  '*  The 
Find  nt  Biertori/'  niter  which  the  Rev. 
C,  Lo^vndes  read  *•  Some  Notes  by  G.  H. 


Sawtcllj  Eiiq*,  on  four  ln\'eiitory  Rollt 
exhibited  by  J.  Lee,  Esq.,"  the  readings  of 
which  was  postponed  tho  diiy  befoT«%  and 
which  closed  the  procccdlngv. 


CHESTER  ARCHiEOLOOICAL  AXD  HISTORIC  SOCIETY. 


I 


OeL  21.  Ifao  opening  lecture  of  the 
MBdon  WIS  delivered  by  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Mmne,  of  Liverpool,  one  of  the  seeretaHet 
of  the  Historic  Society  of  Lnnm-^hire 
nnd  L'hejihire ;  the  lubject  of  the  lecture 
being  *'  Heraldry,  with  some  pnrtienlrtr 
reference  to  the  Herahlry  of  Ciieshire," 
The  illujitnitions  adorning  the  walls  were 
nnmerons  aud  tjtriking,  comprising  be- 
nddic  devices  of  variou!*  ngc«  and  coun- 
tricH ;  public  and  family  shields  in  great 
nnmbers;  twelve  Cheshire  coats  of  arms 
specially  einblajsoned  for  this  lecture  j  pe* 
digree  rolls,  some  of  great  length,  on 
paper,  parchment,  and  cloth, — including 
the  CfroBVeoor  pedigree,  extending  over 
seven  large  skins  of  vellum,  kindly  exhi- 
bited by  Lord  Westminster  j  the  pedigrees 
of  the  Whitmoret  of  Thursta^ton,  the 
BATBgea  of  Rock  Savage,  the  Irelands  of 
Hult,  the  Cottons  of  ilamstall  Rid  ware, 
&c.  In  addition  to  these  were  the  royal 
•rms  of  Ei^gland  in  all  their  various 
'  ^ebangea  since  the  Norman  Conquest,  the 
royal  standard,  the  union^jack,  the  tri> 
colour  of  France,  &c. 

The  Rev.  C AXON  H  illyabd  occupied  the 
chair,  supported  by  Messrs.  Williams  (Old 
Bank)  and  party ;  Major  Payne  and 
family ;  the  Revs.  F.  Orosvcnor,  G.  Salt, 
H.  V'enables,  and  E.  Johnson;  Miss  Legh 
(High  Legh),  Dr.  Davies,  Mi«i  Hkek- 
burne,  Messrs.  J.  Harrison,  J.  Ralph, 
Rogers,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Brush  field,  and 
a  nnmtroDs  company  of  Indioa  and  gen> 
tlocnen  of  the  city  and  county. 

Afrer  an  introduetioo,  in  which  Dr. 
Hnmo  defended  his  subject  from  tho 
charges  of  being  trivial  or  uninteresting^ 
he  pri>eeeded  to  ithew  that  it  dates  its 
origin,  as  a  system,  from  the  period  of 
the  C'rasader*.  Gunpowder  was  then  un- 
known, and  men  who  fuught  with  a  words, 
spcan,  and  arrows  hod  to  be  defended  by 
complete  armour.   In  theae  circumiitAnoea, 


it  was  neeeasary  to  be  able  to  diBliuguish 
rival  hostjft,  or  different  lejiders,  or  separate 
knights,  esquires,  or  gentlemen.  The  sys- 
tem of  heraldry,  which  appropriiited  to 
each  a  distinct  armorial  bearing,  enaVilcd 
even  the  common  people  in  do  this.  From 
tho  great  number  of  symbols  suited  fnr 
adoption  as  heraldic  charges,  and  from 
their  great  variety  of  position,  form, 
colouring,  arrangement  on  tho  shield,  &c., 
the  devices  were  in  practice  so  numerous, 
tliat  no  two  faTnilic*  or  persona  need  ever 
be  confounded. 

The  extremes  of  the  human  fiimily.  of 
civiliztttion  and  bHrbarism,  seemed  almost 
to  stand  side  by  side  in  the  adoption  of 
heraldic  symlioU.  Even  the  aboiigitial 
tribes  of  Australia  had  at  least  a  glim- 
mering of  the  Fcience.  There,  too,  every 
warrior  *'cjinij>cd  by  his  standard  j"  nnd 
the  learned  l)«xHor  exhibited  to  his  ruidt- 
enco  the  shields  of  two  native  Australjan 
chiefs,  carved  ont  of  the  si>lid  wood,  cine 
bearing  a  device  which  heralds  would  d»'- 
ficribc  as  •'  Argetit,  a  pale  gules,*'  and  tho 
other, "  Argent,  a  feSR  galea,  between  three 
pellets  sable,  two  and  one." 

The  ancicat  uses  of  the  system  were 
connected  with  the  kindred  subject  of 
chivalry,  which  rai^  up  a  set  of  men 
whose  object  it  was  to  promote  peace  and 
ordtr,  and  to  render  mere  brute  force  sub- 
ji'ct  to  the  laws  of  roaion,  honour,  and 
religion.  These  were  the  true  knights, 
men  who  were  indispensable  in  the  imT' 
borous  ages  in  which  ihey  chiefly  dun- 
rlshed,  but  whom  it  was  not  unuBual 
for  ignorant  people  in  later  days  to  sneer 
at  or  caricature.  Even  in  modern  times, 
heraldry  was  one  of  the  most  valuabU 
gnide-poats  of  history  j  for  a  paint^nl  wii 
dow,  a  piece  of  sculpture,  a  church 
or  some  such  rehc,  gave  to  the  initiate 
a  clue  to  valuable  fact«.  In  biugrupl 
a  (oal,  or  a  portion  of  an  achievement 


632 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Dec. 


afforded  a  guide  to  immediate  ancestry 
and  Unrage ;  nnd,  in  archaeology,  the  frag- 
ment of  a  crnmbling  tomb,  an  ancient 
chimney-piece,  the  engraving  on  old  plate, 
&c.,  reminded  us  how  important  it  was  to 
understand  the  subject.  In  law,  again, 
genuine  heraldic  documents  were  admitted 
as  evidence  ;  but  on  this  subject  the  law 
was  contradictory.  On  the  one  hand,  it 
had  been  enacted  that  every  object  on 
which  armorial  bearings  were  painted  or 
engraven,  without  due  authority,  was  for- 
feit to  the  Crown;  on  the  other  hand, 
a  man  paid  a  tax  for  permission  to  bear 
arms,  and  thus  the  grossest  assumption 
sometimes  enjoyed  official  sanction. 

In  mediaeval  as  well  as  modem  litera- 
ture the  allusions  to  heraldry  were  nume- 
rous: in  the  works  of  Scott  alone  there 
were  probably  a  thousand  such  allusions. 
It  was  at  one  time  a  common  practice  to 
speak  of  persons  by  the  leading  charge 
upon  their  arms:  thus  Richard  ill.  was 
the  "Boar  of  York,"  the  "crescent"  de- 
noted Percy,  the  "dun  bull"  Neville, 
the  "eagle  and  child"  Stanley,  the  "bear 
and  rag)?ed  staff"  the  Earl  of  Warwick, 
and  the  "  checquer"  the  Earl  of  Warrenne. 
In  the  "  liady  of  the  Lake"  Douglas  makes 
a  beautiful  allusion  to  the  arms  of  his 
house,  "the  bleeding  heart,"  as  an  em- 
blem of  sorrow;  and  Roderick  Dhu  re- 
sponds, regarding  his  own  crest,  the  pine, 
as  a  symbol  of  protection : — 

*' '  Poor  remnants  of  the  Bleeding  Hearty 
Ellen  and  I  vill  seek,  apart. 
The  refupc  of  8ome  forest  cell, 
There,  like  the  hunted  quarry,  dwell.' 

•  No,  no,  by  honour,*  Roderick  said, 

*  So  help  me  heaven,  and  my  good  blade ! 
No,  never  !  blasted  be  yon  pine^ 

My  father's  ancient  erest  and  miney 

If  from  its  shade  in  danfirer  part 

The  lineage  of  the  Bleeding  Heart  P  " 

An  equally  beautiful  allusion  was  made 
to  the  arms  of  England  by  Shakespeare, 
in  the  play  of  "  Henry  VI.,"  when  a  mes- 
senger brings  the  painful  intelligence  that 
all  the  French  provinces  had  been  wrested 
from  England.  At  that  time  our  royal 
arms  consisted  of  "three  fleurs-de-lis 
quartered  with  three  lions :"  the  mes- 
senger is  made  to  say, — 
**  Cropped  are  thr /lower  de  luces  in  your  arms. 
Of  England's  coat  ^me  half  is  cut  atray." 

6 


The  abuses  in  heraldry  had  arisen  from 
many  causes.  The  enthusiasm  of  those 
who  were  more  mixed  up  with  it  than  we 
in  modern  times  led  to  some  hnnioroas 
absurdities.  One  gravely  defines  the  coat 
of  Adam  to  be  "a  shield  gules,  on  the 
centre  a  lozenge,  or," — to  denote  that  bis 
wife  (Eve)  was  an  heiress!  Bat  in  our 
own  days  heraldic  errors  arose  more  from 
ignorance.  A  clergyman  or  a  lady  seals 
with  a  crest,  though  this  is  in  atricfaiess 
a  military  appanage :  a  coachmaker  does 
not  hesitate  to  paint  the  arms  of  one  per- 
son on  the  carriage  of  another :  a  plebeian 
of  the  same  surname  as  a  duke  adopts  bis 
grace's  arms,  supporters,  coronet,  and  all ! 
and  the  daughter  of  a  baronet  naes  the 
"bloody  hand"  in  her  arms, — a  symbol 
that  could  only  be  home  by  her  father  or 
her  eldest  brother.  Some  were  conscious 
of  the  errors  they  committed,  but  from  eco- 
nomy would  not  obtain  a  patent  of  arms, 
which  in  England  costs  about  £76  lOs. 
It  was  assumed  by  every  one  that  he 
had  arms  of  some  kind ;  but  oceanonally 
strange  mistakes  were  made  in  reference 
to  them.  The  changes  which  this  country 
was  gradually  undergoing  also  explained, 
in  part,  these  abuses.  The  aristocracy  of 
birth  and  title,  as  a  rule,  were  not  pro- 
gressing, while  those  of  wealth  and  talent 
manifestly  were.  We  had  thus  popular 
designations,  which  contrasted  strangely 
with  the  more  established  ones, — as  rail- 
way "  king,"  merchant  "  princes,"  cotton 
"  lords."  The  establishment  of  the  horo- 
netcy  made  title  at  that  time  a  question 
of  money  rather  than  merit,  and,  since 
then,  merit  had  formed  a  smaller  element 
in  the  distribution  of  certain  hononrs. 
The  result  was,  that  in  modem  times 
many  persons  had  declined  the  distinction 
of  title,  especially  knighthood,  as  if  it  were 
unlikely  to  add  anything  to  the  honour 
of  their  position. 

In  recording  genealogies  we  might  fol- 
low either  the  ascending  or  descending 
plan  :  rising  from  the  individual  to  his 
ancestors,  or  tracing  down  from  them  to 
him.  Both  were  exemplified  in  the  Gos- 
pels, and  each  had  its  advantage:  the 
latter  was,  however,  the  simplest  where 
quarterings  were  concerned. 


ester  Arctueological  and  Hhloric  Society, 


633 


In  Scotland,  the  cliiTereni  branchee  of 
I  ^e*it  fiunily,  iriBtead  of  obtaining  n  new 
■.fofcent  of  jirniH,  adopted  some  slight  ''dif- 
ference** on  the  paternal  cont ;  and  thov 
tlie  titost  beautiful  oniforunty  amidst  va- 
riety waA  preserved.  The  llBiniltoti  pedi- 
gree, wbieh  formed  one  of  the  iUn«tnitiona 
of  the  lecture,  contained  thirty 'four  shieldi, 
representing  as  many  distinct  branched 
of  the  cljin  in  England,  Ireland,  and  Scot- 
land ;  and  while  all  of  them  preserved  the 
characteristic  symbol,  no  two  of  tbem 
were  identical. 

Within  the  last  twenty  yeara^  a  new 
style  of  genealotry  had  been  introduced 
in  Italy;  the  fullest  biography  Attainable 
!  of  eaeh  individual  was  given  under  hia 
I  nnme,  ils  also  his  portrait,  amis^  cajttle,  or 
'anything  cIrc  ilIu»trAtive   of  him.     This 
had  since  been   nio«t  ably  iIlustratiKl  in 
this  country  by  the  late  Mr.  H.  Drum- 
mond,  M.R  for  Surrey,  in  his  work  en- 
titled the  "  History  of  Noble  British  Fami- 
[  Kea,'*     It  was  one  of  tbo  moat  beautiful 
that  had  ever  issued  from   the  English 
I  ptV88»  with  ftill  hittgraphie*,  and  nnmer- 
ooa  magniflceut  illui^trutions.     It  wa^,  of 
Ooarie»  a  very  expeuEiive  work,  and  was 
now  out  of  print,  albeit  Mr.  Drunimond 
lost  several  thousand  pouiidM  by  its  pabli- 
cnttoii.     Privtite  attempt  had  since  been 
made  to  improve  upon  this,  by  aecumU' 
biting  tbo  whole  gcneulogtcid  detiils  on 
one  continuous  roll  j   the  material  being 
jMiper  bud  upon  cloth,  and  the  illustra* 
tiom  appearing,   as  before,   each   at  its 
proper  place. 

Dr.  Hume  hero  went  round  the  room, 
ex|ilaining  the  armorial  beiirings  upon  the 
walls,  especially  those  of  famillua  con- 
nected with  Chchhire,  Uie  teala  of  com- 
panie»,  arms  of  diocuaea,  &c.  He  also 
anumcrated  several  of  the  **  canting"  arme, 
■Qch  OS  the  **  three  hands"  for  Treuiayne, 
'*  three  bugle  horns'*  for  Hornby",  **  three 
bees*'  for  Beeston»  **  three  calves"  fijt  Cal- 
velcy,  &c ;  and  rdated  aevertd  hi&toriciil 
and  amusing  aneodiottis  connected  with  bis 
subject. 

In  former  timoi  almost  every  nation 
was  sj/mbolteed  by  it«  particular  ctow, 
and  the  cmss  generally  was  oontrtuitcd,  na 
at  prcf^nt,  with  the  cn^stynt,  ibe  cross 
Qkut,  Mao.  Voi*  CCXL 


of  England  (St.  George's)  waa  red  upon 
a  white  ground,  the  hers  being  jierpeudi- 
cular  and  horizontal.  That  of  Scotland 
(St.  Andrew's)  was  a  white  ealtire,  or 
diagonal  croas,  on  a  btne  ground.  At  the 
Union  in  1707,  though  the  arrangement 
had  l>een  partially  adopted  »ince  KjOG, 
the  two  crosses  were  unif-ed,  the  Held  of 
the  whole  being  made  hhie,  with  a  rfm 
of  white  round  St.  George's  cross,  to  show 
its  original  groundwork.  At  the  union 
of  the  three  kingdoms  in  I8Q1,  the  cross 
of  Ireland  (St.  Patrick's)  was  added,  Thia 
cousistcd  of  a  red  saltire  on  a  whife  ground ; 
so  that  by  narrowing  its  Imrs,  each  of  them 
lay  along  the  corrcHponding  white  one  of 
8t,  Andrew.  Tlie  whole  thus  formed  what 
was  now  well  known  throughout  the 
world  as  the  "  Union  jack  ;"  and  this  waa 
place<l  in  the  upper  t-orner,  next  the  stafl", 
of  ahuofit  every  national  ling,  whatever 
other  device  was  adopted  on  the  banner. 

In  1776.  ou  the  declaration  of  Americjm 
Independence,  there  were  thirteen  Unitcnl 
States,  and,  as  a  const  quetice,  thirteen 
stripe»  and  stars  on  the  American  banncT. 
A  star  had  Fince  been  added  for  each  new 
State — eventually  some  thirty-six  —  in- 
cluded in  the  federation  :  but  some  of  the 
stars  now  appeared  as  if  about  to  aet. 

The  tricoUmred  banner  of  France  waa 
deviJkkl  to  fiymboUKe  the  king,  the  people, 
and  the  national  guards.  The  same  co- 
lours wore  adopted  in  particular  circum- 
stances  by  ourselves:  thus,  the  senior 
full,  vice,  and  rear-admirab  of  our  navy 
hoisteil  a  red  tlsig  at  either  the  mizen, 
fore,  or  maintop  of  their  llsg-ship ;  the 
next  seniors,  the  whits  flag;  and  the 
Juniors  of  each  rank  the  blue  flag  i  form- 
ing together  the  national  combination 
*'  red,  white,  and  blue.*'  lliere  were  also 
the  white,  blue,  and  red  ctitiigns  respec* 
tively,  in  which  the  btnly  of  the  fl«g  waij 
one  of  tboae  throe  ooloora,  each  having  the 
union  -jack  in  the  comer.  The  three 
great  Uuiversitteis  too,  distinguish  their 
Masters  of  Arts  by  the  same  colours, — 
Oxford  adopting  retf,  Cambridge  whitCt 
and  Dublin  hlue. 

The  ruyal  iitandard  waa  interesting  from 
the  various  changes  which  it  had  under- 
gone. The  arms  of  our  present  quceu 
4Q 


634 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


pOec. 


are  given  on  most  of  onr  modern  rilver 
and  gold  coins,  and  the  most  ontutored 
eye  must  have  noticed  a  difference  between 
the  more  ancient  and  the  more  modem 
ones.  The  history  of  the  royal  arms  was, 
in  some  respects,  the  history  of  England 
since  the  Norman  Conqaest ;  and  thus  the 
lectnrtr  explained  a  startling  announce- 
ment that  "  he  would  undertake  to  read 
the  History  of  England  off  the  side  of 
a  sixpence  !"  Every  change  was  explained ; 
and  an  interesting  quotation  from  Lord 
Macaulay's  "  Spanish  Armnda"  shewed  the 
application  which  was  made  to  the  sup- 
porters, quarterings,  and  motto  in  the 
reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth. 

Dr.  Hume  also  defended  the  Scottish 
nation  for  objecting  to  the  hoisting  of 
a  false  national  flag  on  the  castle  of  Edin- 
burgh a  few  years  ago ;  because  since  the 
days  of  Jnmos  I.  the  royal  arms  had  always 
been  differently  marshalled  in  Scotland 
and  England, — the  Scottish  quarterings 
having  the  precedence  in  that  country, 
and  the  English  ones  in  England.  The 
lecturer  concluded  with  a  brief  notice  of 
the  subject  of  "  precedence,"  and  of  the 
heraldic  distinctions  between  an  "  esquire" 
and  a  "  gentleman." 

After  a  vote  of  thanks  to  Dr.  Hume 
had  been  carried,  Mr.  James  Harrison 
drew  attention  to  the  curious  oak  pulpit 
belonging  to  St.  Martin's  Church,  Chester, 
as  described  by  us  last  week.  The  Rector 
of  St.  Uridget's  and  St.  Martin's  (the  Rev. 
G.  Sidt),  explained  to  the  meeting  that, 
at  Mr.  Harrison's  instigation,  he  had  caused 
the  old  pulpit  to  be  careftilly  cleaned  from 
the  incrustation  of  plaster  and  paint  which 
had  for  centuries  deprived  it  of  its  true 


character  and  hidden  it  from  obflervation. 
One  of  the  compartments  -was  supposed  to 
represent  the  Deity  seated,  while  the  other 
three  contained  emblems  of  the  three 
Evangelists,  St.  Matthew,  Luke,  and 
John,  the  names  being  attached  to  each 
on  a  flowing  label.  The  emblem  of  St. 
Mark,  if  it  had  ever  formed  part  of  the 
design,  had  disappeared.  St.  Martin's 
being  now  disused  as  a  place  of  worship^ 
the  parish  having  been  attached  to  the 
acyoining  one  of  St.  Bridget,  it  was  in- 
tended to  judiciously  restore  this  ancnent 
pulpit,  under  Mr.  Harrison's  ^uidanoey 
and  to  employ  it  as  the  fiitnre  pulpit  of 
the  modem  church  of  St.  Bridget,  now 
undergoing  decoration  and  re-arrange- 
ment. The  carvings  are  very  spirited  and 
effective,  and  the  date  of  their  execution 
certainly  prior  to  the  Reformation. 

Mr.  T.  Bnrghall  exhibited  the  original 
illuminated  grant — from  Dngdale  and  the 
two  St.  Georges,  heralds — of  the  Cheshire 
family  of  Venables'  arms  to  Montagoe 
Bertie,  Earl  of  Abingdon,  who  had  then 
recently  married  the  daughter  aud  heiress 
of  Peter  Venables,  last  Baron  of  Kin- 
derton,  of  that  family,  by  whom  however 
he  left  no  issue.  Owing  to  her  death, 
childless,  the  barony  descended  through 
her  aunt  to  the  Vemons,  Lords  Vernon, 
who  are  the  present  representatives  of  the 
Venables  of  Kinderton,  in  the  female  line. 

Mr.  T.  Hodkinson  exhibited  a  black 
cocoa-nut  "  love  cup,"  silver-mounted,  cu- 
riously engraved  with  the  arms  of  the 
Hurlestons  of  Picton  on  the  paternal  side, 
impaled  with  a  family  not  identified,  and 
surrounded  with  the  Garter  device,  **  Honi 
soit  qui  mal  y  pense." 


CHUISTCHURCH  ARCHAEOLOGICAL  ASSOCIATION. 


Aug,  22.  The  half-yearly  meeting  was 
held  in  the  Town-hall,  Sir  G.  E.  PococK, 
Burt.,  in  the  chair,  when  two  valuable 
papers  were  read  :  one  by  the  Rev.  Mac- 
kenzie Wiilcott,  "  A  Few  Xotes  from  the 
Christchurch  Chartulary  in  the  British 
Museum ;"  and  another  by  Benjamin  Fer- 
rey,  Esq.,  F.IM.B.A.,  "Parallel  between 
the  Naves  of  Christchurch  and  of  Durham 
Cathedral." 


The  President  shewed  and  handed  to 
the  Curator  an  ancient  tile  found  in  the 
Priory  grounds.  Mr.  Argyle  produced 
rubbings  from  the  Brasses  of  King  Ethel- 
red  in  Wimbome  Church,  and  of  Thomas 
Aylward,  Rector  of  Havant;  and  Mr. 
Paris  exhibited  a  two-handled  vessel  of 
bell-metal,  which  had  [been  for  150  years 
in  the  possession  of  the  family  of  Mr. 
Blacklock,  at  Sopley,  and  two   "BmoMSk 


1861.] 


Christchurch  Archaological  Association. 


685 


coins  the  property  of  Mr.  Tice,  one 
foand  in  Deiret-lane,  tbe  otbur  in  Sopley 
m  endows, 

Mr.  Ferrey**  commutucation  wo  print 
In  iLiiotljer  place* 

Mr.  Walcott's  pnper  was  as  follows: — 

"A  Few  Notes  fbom  nia  Chabtulaby 

OF     ChBIBTCHXTBCH     PbIOBT    Uf    THI 

Bbitish  MrSEUH. 

•*  1  find  that  Ralph  Fbimbard  when  he 
huilt  his  new  church  dcatroycd  the  early 
ehiirch,  and  nice  others  which  Htood  in 
tlie  ct'TncttTV.  (Cart.  d«  Tw>Tiehaiu»  Tib. 
Vl.  D.  P,  ir.  foh  193.  b.)  *Tho  ancient 
Irish  churches,  like  tho8«  of  the  East 
and  Greece,  ntwally  occur  in  gronpa  of 
seven,  as  at  Glcndiilongh  and  Clonmnc- 
mdse ;  htit  I  have  littlL'  beMit>ttion  in  be- 
lieving that  these  subordinate  churches 
here  restfmbh-d  the  ancient  arraogeroent 
at  Abingtlon,  where  twelve  chiipek  and 
twelve  ccIIh  were  grouj>ed  round  the  min- 
ster church  (Monjtsticon,  i.  p.  hVl.) 

"  J  shall  take  thid  opportunity  of  allud- 
ing to  two  or  thne  pecidiitr  arrangements 
at  Christchurch,  Tlie  so-called  castellan's 
rooms^  which  were  huilt  aji^ainst  the  west 
wall  of  the  north  wing  of  the  tranaept^ 
were  in  fact  the  sncrifitan^s  rooms.  At 
Thi^tlbrd  and  Castle  Acre,  the  sacristy  was 
attached  to  the  north  wall  of  the  transept ; 
at  >\'orkw)p  it  was  likewise  situuted  at 
tbe  nortli-east  ani?le  or  the  nave;  and 
at  Ko^on  and  Stutf^ardt  it  was  like  thut 
of  Christchurch,  of  two  stories;  and  a 
similar  building  tetnains  at  St.  Florinus, 
Coblentsi. 

"Another  peculiarity  is  that  of  two- 
sIoHlhI  chapels  attached  to  the  eastern 
frtiut  of  the  transept.  Similtir  instances 
occur  in  an  ideutical  position  at  t>ritn- 
tlieim  Cathedral ;  at  Ottery  St.  Mary 
cluimbers  are  built  over  the  chantries  in 
the  choir-aislet,  and  at  Naumberg  chapels 
formed  in  tbe  lower  story  of  the  towers 
have  Mppcr  rooms.  They  wpre  occupied  ot 
Christchurch  either  by  the  chantry  priests, 
or  as  a  treasury,  or  as  archive  and  muni- 
metit  rooms,  in  one  instance  certainly  as 
a  designing  room".  The  later  archttei:t 
at  Clirialchurch  cturied  on  this  plan  by 
buihJing  a  chantry -chnpel  of  St.  Michael 
aWwe  the  Lady -chapel.  Althouj;b  there 
are  many  tnstaucea  of  double  •  storie<l 
ehurcltes  designed  to  aecotnmodate  two 
ccjngregatioof,  or  to  be  occupied  by  two 
cluftcs  of  a  monastic  cirtigregaiionf  yet 


•  See  GasT.  Mao.*  March,  1S60,  p.  177.    Mr. 
1lalo««t>^k«  of »  ciiidiir-rtxtiti  Ui  Turk  Ulnsfcr, 
.  la  Ills  <MUtioti  of  Uis  Fabric  EolU^ 


neilher  of  these  applications  suit  the  ar- 
rangement at  Christchurch,  to  which  I 
have  found  but  one  pnralkli — of  a  chfl|Kl 
over  a  Lady -chapel,— and  that  is  in  tiio 
Benedictine  Abbey  of  St.  Lcu»  near  Senlif, 
in  France.  At  Coropton  Church,  Surrey* 
and  Connack's  Chsipel  on  the  llock  of 
CasHel,  in  Ireland,  there  are  chapela  over 
the  chancel. 

♦•Our  materials  for  an  srchitectural 
history  of  the  priory  church  are  very 
shght-i  and  it  is  with  much  satisfacaion 
1  have  found  the  following  dates  of  the 
consecrations  of  certain  altars,  as  they  may 
afford  a  clue  to  the  period  of  the  crpctiou 
of  the  beautiful  chapels  in  the  transepts, 
Dfipreiiilly  when  we  have  the  additiontd 
light  furnished  by  the  pudownient  of 
chantries.  It  is  remarkable  that  thes*i 
chapels  were  consi^crated  by  Scottbh  bi- 
shops,  acting  as  auffragaus  to  the  diocesiin 
of  Wincliesttr, 

••  DSDICATIOKS   OP    ALTABS   TS    CHUIST- 

CflFBCH. 
1101>.  o**.  Id,  Jan,    St.  Saviour's,  and  St. 
Stephen's,  by  lleginid^l,  Bishop  of 
Ross,  [cnnsccratcd  UiJ5.died  12iri]. 
1214,  Holy  Trinity,  SS.  Peter  and  Paul, 
by  Walter,   Bishop  of  Witherne, 
[consecrated  1309,  died  1225], 
Prid,  Id,  Nov.  St.  Augniitine. 
7".  It  W^-    St*  John  Baptist,  and 
St,  Edmund. 
1221.    St,    Michnel,   and  St.  Martin,   by 
Nichuhvs,  Bishop  of  the  Isles, 

**  Chantbiks. 

"John  GoliU  tU  la  Pole,  for  one  se- 
cular chaplain  '  at  our  table^  to  celebrate 
msss  at  the  altar  of  St.  Nicholas,  Oat. 
in  capiinfu.  FVst,  St.  Jo.  ante  jjort.  Lat., 
tt>.  14  Edw.  fd.  Edw.  Kegis. 

**  Brngo  Bardolf,  date  Thursday  after 
St.Midmel,  29  Edw.  111.,  t.>  l>e  hnritnl 
before  the  altar  of  SS,  Peter  and  Paul. 
A  canon  to  say  the  masa. 

*'  William  L^&nn. 

**  William  and  Mnhel  de  R^dtyfrsK 

**  Ro^rr  and  Kthxwtfia  Martd. 
**  Anmwfrmiy — Kadelwyse  de  Bona. 

^  Pet^r,   Bishop    of    Win- 

"  CAflufi^— Ralph  Bfirdolph,  and  for  Earl 

Bald  n  in. 
„  Edward    de    Portchester,   a 

great  bencfuctor. 
"  Anmitf,  —  Roger  de  Ahbotsbury,  a  bene- 

iactor. 


«  WUUatnf  sis^tb  Ssrl  af  D«voa,  died  1316; 
Sfabct,  daaitbter  of  Jlobcrt,  Eurl  uf  Mcllcnt, 
«  Petsr  de  Bochc,  co-fouoUcrr  of  NcUey  Ahbey* 


636 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Dec, 


"  Chantry — Roj^or,  rector  of  Portcsham. 
"  Anniv,  —  Walter  Herford  et  Chmtine 
his  wife. 
„  Queen  Eleanor. 

„  Geoffrey   de  Anna,   and    his 

wife  Alicia. 
„  Johanna  Bruer. 

•*  Chantry — Lady  Joanna  de  Braer**,  and 
Karl  William  her  father. 
„  Ralph  Kelet,  and  Gunnor  his 

wife. 
"  Anniv.  —  Will,  and  Eiiz.  Everard. 

„  Will,   de  Monte  Acuto,   and 

Katharine  his  wife'. 
„  John    Tyrevache    and   Will. 

Smcdemor. 
Will.  Mascherel. 
„  Jordanus  de  Insula. 

„  Ric.  de  Orestuel. 

„  Roger  Martel. 

„  Eustache  de  Kenton. 

"  The  henefices  in  the  gift  of  Christ- 
church  Priory  were  the  vicarages  of 
Christchurch,  Milford,  and  Sopley,  and  of 
Thorley  in  the  Isle  of  Wight.  It  appears 
that  the  vicarage  of  Christchurch  was  also 
called  that  of  the  Holy  Trinity  ;  the  nave 
being  parted  off  at  the  second  pillar  west- 
ward of  the  crossing,  was  wholly  allotted  to 
the  use  of  the  parishioners  under  that  desig- 
nation. At  Norwich  Mr.  Harrod  says  that 
the  cathedral,  though  dedicated  to  the 
Holy  Trinity,  was  called  Christchurch. 

"The  earliest  notice  of  Christchurch 
which  I  remember  to  have  met  with  is 
the  following : — 

"  *  A.D.  954,  Rex  Edredus  dcdit  beato 
Dunstano  prccio  L.  solidorura  auri  mane- 
rium  de  Badbury  xxvj.  hidas,  et  juxta 
oppidum  Twinham,  i.e.  Christchurcbe,  y. 
hidas  cum  captura  'piscium.'  [^Monast, 
Anglic.  16'.] 


"Under  Rbktal  the  following  places 
are  mentioned  in  the  Chartulary : — 

**  Baylokeslee  (Basheley),  CJore,  Qucr- 
myngton.  North  Chynetone  (Cliewton^ 
South  Chynetone,  Myddcltone  (Milton), 
Stamputto,  Strete,  Houbonrn,  (Hub- 
borne),  Bure,  Modeford,  Staple,  Water- 
dich,  Wyncketon,  Ryppele,  Cristecburche, 
Prestetone. 

"  Pbioby  Maxobs  with  acres : — 
"Ryngewode,  506;  Wolhampton,  61; 
Sweye,  17 ;  Pancok,  44 ;  Blaunchard,  35  ; 
Chornclos,  56;  Coulhulle,  37  ;  Ashe,  118; 
Baillok ester,  113;  Henton,  323;  Hurae, 
87 ;  Throup,  53 ;  Oudemor  (Dudmore), 
20;  Estynton,  220;  Hroue,  109;  Pudel- 
towne»,  379;  Pudele,— ;  Bardolf,  116; 
Wington,  58 ;  Clutelpudle,  — ;  Mannes- 
croft,  — ;  Southwode,  — ;  Outforlon^, 
— ;  Grecheburi,  —  ;  Leyghe,  —  ;  King- 
stonefeld,  — ;  Dradeforde,  169.  I  most 
mention  that  at  this  period  there  was  a 
chorch  at  Winkton. 

"  Our  list  of  vicars  is  exceedingly  im- 
perfect, but  I  am  able  to  add  one  more 
name,  with  an  anecdote.  Mr.  Thomas 
Hancock,  M.A.,  of  Oxford,  Curate  of  Am- 
port,  in  the  first  year  of  King  Edward 
VI.,  'having  license  of  Bishop  Cran- 
mer,  preached  at  Christchurch  Twinham, 
where  be  was  bom.  Mr.  Smythe  Vicar 
of  Christchurch,  and  B.D.'  Mr.  Hancock 
preached  a  controversial  sermon,  *  whereat 
the  said  vicar,  Mr.  Smythe,  sitting  in  his 
chair  in  the  face  of  the  pulpit,  spake  these 
words, — "Mr.  Hancock,  you  have  done  well 
until  now,  and  now  you  have  played  an  ill 
cow's  part,  which  when  she  hath  given 
a  g^ood  mess  of  milk  ovcrthroweth  all  with 
her  foot,  and  so  all  is  lost ;"  and  with  these 
words  he  got  him  out  of  the  church  k.'" 


KENT  ARCHiEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


Oct.  22.  A  Council  meeting,  ftiUy  at- 
tendeil,  was  held  at  Maidstone,  the  Mab- 
QUI8  Camden  in  the  chair. 

•  She  was  daufrkter  of  William  de  Redvers, 
idxth  Earl  of  Devon,  and  married  (fltRt)  William 
Brucre,  (secondly)  Hubert  de  Burgh,  chamber- 
lain to  the  King. 

•  William  de  Montacute,  first  Earl  of  Salis- 
bury, and  Katharine,  daughter  of  William  Lord 
GraudiHon. 

•  ••  In  904  King  Edred  gave  to  St.  Dunstan,  at 
the  price  of  5(1  Khillings  of  gold,  the  manor  of 
Budbury,  26  hides ;  and  near  the  town  of  Twyne- 
ham,  that  is  Chri.»tchurch,  two  hides,  with  the 
right  of  fiiihing ;"  no  doubt  including  our  famous 
salmon. 


John  Henry  Parker,  Esq.,  F.S.A.,  (to 
I  whom  the  Society  was  indebted  for  his 
admirable  architectural  illustrations  at 
the  last  annual  meeting',)  was  elected 
an  Honorary  Member.  Thurty  ordinary 
members  were  added  to  the  list,  and  three 
Literary  Societies  were  taken  into  union. 
Beside  the  disposal  of  routine  business* 
an  important  addition  was  made  to  the 
Society's  Museum.  Some  gold  arinlets* 
lately  dug  up  at  Aylesford,  between  Maid- 

f  Near  Dorchester. 

k  Narratives  of  the  ReformatioB,  p.  7S. 

•  Gbst.  Mao.,  Sept.  1861,  p.  281. 


1861.]     Leicestershire  Architectural  and  Archtiological  Soc,     637 


miotic  and  Kochester,  werd  parcUo^d  by 
the  Coaiicil  for  £40.  They  apb  said  to  bo 
of  BriiUh  date,  aod  teod  to  abcw  the 


amount  of  weulth  posaes5C?d  at  thiit  time, 
QulefiB  we  are  to  6U|ipo»e  that  gold  waa 
commonly  found  in  t^^ose  dAya  in  Britain. 


LEICESTERSHIEE  ARCHITECTUllAL  A5D  AECHiEOLOGICAL 

SOCIETY. 


5^/.  26,  27,  The  Society  held  ita 
annual  inectiug  at  Lutterworth,  under  tbc 
presidency  of  the  Rev.  J.  V.  MA«»toTT,  of 
Cotesbaeb.  The  first  day  was  devoted  to 
Lutterworth  and  it«  environs,  reading  of 
pjipurs,  anil  au  examination  of  the  well- 
itockod  tc^mponury  Miueun]\  whieb  bad 
been  formed  in  tlie  Towu-ludI  by  the 
peKertiom  of  a  loctd  committee;  tbe  second 
)  day  wi«  giveu  to  an  excurnou  to  Cave's 
luu  (Tnpoutium)i  Stanford, Naaeby,  Tbed- 
diugwortb,  *fcc. 

Sept,  26.  The  company  assembled  in 
Lutterworth  Church,  when  Mr,  Hloxam 
gave  a  brief  account  of  tlie  edifice,  so  as 
Eot  to  infringe  on  a  paper  that  he  had 
prepuretl  for  the  eveningf  meeting;  and 
they  next,  under  bi((  guidance,  proceeded 
to  Miaterton^  a  mile  distant. 

ITpon  cutcriDg  the  edifice,  Mr.  Bloxam 
remarked    that    it, — that    is,    the    nave 
'  and  two  aifilot, — like   Lutterworth,   waa 
built    in    tbo    fourteenth    century :    tlie 
chancel  being,  as  waa  very  apparent,   of 
a  later  periocL    The  appearance  of  the 
church,  after  Lutterwortb,  was  very  witia- 
y,  being  much  more  in  its  originxd 
,  there  being  no  g»Ueri(%  iind  many 
^  cf  tbo  open  seats  of  the  fifteenth  century 
'  being  still  preservc<^l.     The  nrcbcs  of  the 
#iMve  were  without  any  ciipituls,  an  oceur* 
fence  not  at  all  uncommon  in  tbe  fifteenth 
and  previouj*  century*     The  hood  and  all 
the  mouldings  in  the  church  were  remark- 
ably good      Tbe  south  aisle  waa  formerly 


•  Amonur  the  articles  exhibited  were  two  inonn* 
muaUl  lirwMea,  formerly  in  Latterworth  Church, 
bat  stolsil  there frojii  on  the  night  of  8undny, 
Augroat  18,  16M.  The  thief  was  capturrd,  nml 
eonytcted,  but  tbe  brnnw^  hurt  t>wii  broken  la 
\  pircf*;  the  fro<tment»,  howcTer,  were  nil  euU 
leetAd  by  the  puUoe,  from  '-»  '^  »  ■'  i  -*.*  a* 
AthcrptntiVf  D«4 worth,  II  <  ion, 

and  by   the  cure   of  Mi  ■  i|*eT- 

deat,  Ulc  bra«M>«  wciv  iww  nt<cwu  4iiD0«t 
I  perftol  as  wkkoa  they  wcrr  ttolca* 


a  chantry  cbapel,  divided  from  the  nave 
by  a  handsome  Bcreeu,  large  portion*  of 
the  lower  port  of  which  were  IcH;  tbo 
fouuder  was  buried  under  au  archway  at 
the  side.  Tbe  piacina  was  still  remaiDing, 
and  some  small  pieces  of  good  stamed 
glasA  of  the  fourteenth  ceutury,  coeval 
with  tbe  church,  were  weU  worth  atten- 
tion. On  the  south  aide  of  the  church 
was  pointed  out  the  doorway  and  atair- 
caae  leading  to  the  "  I>omns  inclustis/*  or 
chamber  over  tbe  south  porch  (atill  exist- 
ing)»  which  wa*+  formerly  tbe  residence  of 
a  rectus.  Tiie  open  scats  of  tbe  fitteeutli 
century  were  speeimeuB  of  good  carving, 
and  all  rciptired  careful  examinaiirju,  many 
being  richly  decorated  with  annoHid 
bearinp  and  religious  emblems  and  de- 
vices, 8ueb  as  the  five  wounds,  6lc*,  &c. 
The  ba^e  of  the  roodlofl  was  iuspected, 
and  the  cntmnces  to  it,  below  and  altove, 
ptnnted  out.  A  handsome  aUHr-touib  in 
the  church  attracted  mucb  attention. 
It  commenioratea  "  Mychel  Pultcney, 
Enquire/*  who,  dying  in  1577,  has  the 
usual  termination  to  monumental  iiiacrip- 
tioiis,  prevalent  during  the  predominance 
of  Koman  Catholic  opiuinns,  thtis  quuli- 
fieii  upon  his  tomb,  **  On  whose  aouUo  the 
Lorde  ha(he  taken  mercy," 

In  the  afternoon  tbe  Rev.  E.  W.  Wood- 
cock, of  Tliurmaston,  rend  a  pniM?r  on 
Monumental  Brasses,  in  which  he  parti- 
cularly described  tbe  fine  large  bn«s  of 
Robert  Urauncb  and  his  two  wiYes  (A.]>. 
IZ64),  from  King's  Lynn.  Dinner  followed, 
at  the  Denbigh  Arms  Hotel,  and  at  tbe 
evening  meeting  Mr,  Hloxam  read  his 
paper  on  Lutterwortli  Church  and  tha 
WycUife  Relics,  which  demands  a  some- 
wliat  extended  notice : — 

**  We  find  in  this  town  no  ancient  to- 
mHins  of  domestic  architecture  of  the  four- 
teenth century,  nttt  even  of  Ibe  hospital 
founded  in  the  reign  of  Kinj?  John,  tet 
curry  us  back  to  the  time  of  WyclilFe,  who. 


638 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Dec. 


born  as  it  is  said  in  1324,  was  incnmbent 
of  this  parish  during  the  last  ten  years  of 
his  life,  from  1374  to  138-i,  during  the 
latter  part  of  the  reign  of  Edward  the 
Third  and  early  part  of  that  of  Richard 
the  Second.  Wyclifie  died  at  this  place, 
and  was  here  buried. 

"  The  church  of  Lutterworth  is,  then, 
the  only  structure  now  remaining  coeval 
with  his  time.  WTiatevcr  may  have  been 
the  structure  of  the  original  church  at  Lut- 
terworth,— one,  I  think,  of  not  very  high 
antiquity,  but  architectural  fi*agment8  of 
which,  in  all  probability,  lie  concealed  in 
the  foundations  of  the  present  walls, — it  is 
enough  for  us  to  kuow,  from  an  examina- 
tion of  its  extant  architectural  teatnres, 
that  the  shell  of  the  present  structure,  at 
least  of  the  tower,  nave,  and  aisles,  was 
built  in  the  fourteenth  century,  during 
the  life,  but  before  the  incumbency  of 
Wycliffe,  and  probably  sometime  between 
the  years  1330  and  1360.  The  tower, 
with  a  belfry  staircase  projecting  at  the 
north-west  angle,  which  has  been  on  the 
exterior  much  disfigured  by  compo,  had 
formerly  a  lofty  spire,  destroyed  by  a  tem- 
pest in  1703.  The  upper  stage  of  the 
tower  was  rebuilt  in  the  tasteless  pseudo- 
Gothic  style  of  the  early  part  of  the 
eighteenth  century.  The  nave  is  divided 
from  the  aisles  on  each  side  by  a  range 
of  four  double-faced  pointed  arches,  with 
chamfered  edges,  and  hood -mouldings 
over,  which  latter  give  great  relief.  These 
arches  spring  from  plain  octagonal  piers, 
with  moulded  caps.  The  south  wall  of 
the  south  aisle  contains  five  windows, 
three  of  them  of  two  lights,  each  with 
flowing  tracery  in  the  head;  the  other 
two  of  two  lights  each,  with  rich  flowing 
tracery  in  the  head  of  one,  whilst  the 
mullions  of  the  other  simply  cross  in  the 
head.  All  these  windows  have  hood-mould- 
ing over,  without  which  they  would  look 
bare  of  relief,  llie  south  porch  is  mo- 
dern. At  the  south-east  corner  of  this 
aisle  is  a  diagonal  buttress  containing  a 
niche  for  an  image.  The  east  w^indow  of 
this  aisle  is  a  somewhat  rich  specimen  of 
a  Decorated  window,  containing  four  prin- 
cipal lights,  and  flowing  foiled  tracery  in 
the  head.  The  east  window  of  this  aisle 
is  of  the  same  period. 

"  The  north  aisle  contains  in  the  north 
wall  three  windows  of  two  lights  each, 
with  tracery  in  the  head  and  hood-mould- 
ings, over  a  plain  pointed  doorway  with 
a  hood-moulding  over,  of  the  fourteenth 
century,  a  west  window  of  the  same  pe- 
rio<l,  and  a  well -designed  east  window  of 
three  lights,  with  flowing  tracery  in  the 
bead.      These  arc  all  the  architectural 


features  I  can  confidently  proDonnoe  to  be 
anterior  to  the  age  of  WyclifTe,  and  in 
existence  during  his  incumbency. 

*'The  age  of  the  chancel  is  somewhat 
doubtful,  whether  it  be  of,  or  Bubeeqaent 
to,  Wyclifle's  time.  The  little  circular 
trefoil-headed  doorway  in  the  south  aisle 
was,  I  think,  in  existence  during  his  in- 
cuml)ency.  Of  the  windows  I  am  not  sore ; 
from  the  disposition  and  angular  character 
of  the  tracery,  differing  from  the  flowing 
lines  of  an  earlier  perod,  I  should  asngn 
these  features  to  the  early  part  of  the  df- 
teenth  century,  which  would  be  subse- 
quent to  the  age  of  WycliflTe. 

**  The  east  window  has  been  very  inju- 
diciously blocked  up,  but  the  five  principal 
vertical  lights  were  subdivided  by  panel- 
work.  This  window  has  a  hood-moulding 
over,  and  above  this  is  a  stone  escutcheon 
or  shield  bearing  the  arms  of  Ferrers^ 
Gules,  seven  masdes  voided,  or.  On 
either  side  of  the  chancel  door  is  a  window 
of  three  principal  lights,  with  angular 
tracery  in  the  head.  In  the  north  wall 
of  the  chancel  are  windows  similar  to 
those  in  the  south  wall,  and  in  the  north 
wall  of  the  north  aisle,  near  the  east  end, 
over  a  sepulchral  recess,  the  masonry  of 
which  projects  externally,  is  a  window 
with  tracery  similar  to  that  of  the  win- 
dows in  the  chancel ;  by-  which  I  should 
imagine  that  the  chancel  was  built  by  the 
person  whose  recumbent  effigy,  with  that 
of  his  lady,  lies  within  this  sepulchral  re- 
cess on  a  high  tomb  in  the  north  aisle. 

*'  And  now  as  to  the  interior  of  the 
church.  The  original  high-pitched  roof 
of  the  nave  appears  to  have  been  re- 
moved in  the  fifteenth  century,  the  walls 
on  which  it  rested  carried  up,  and  the 
clerestory  windows,  five  on  each  side,  ob- 
tusely arched,  of  three  lights  each,  and 
cinquefoiled  in  the  heads,  added.  The 
present  roof  of  the  nave,  of  a  more  obtuse 
or  depressed  pitch  than  the  original  roof, 
is  a  good  specimen  of  the  wooden  roof  «>f 
the  fifli-enth  century,  and  now  constitutes 
one  of  the  most  interesting  architectural 
features  in  the  church. 

"  It  is  divided  into  five  bays  by  tie- 
beams,  supported  by  upright  wall-pieces, 
from  which  spring  curved  braces,  the 
spandrils  between  which  and  the  tie- 
beams  are  filled  with  open  panel-work, 
whilst  a  kind  of  embattled  crest  runs 
along  the  upper  edge  of  the  tie-beam. 
Between  the  tie-beams  each  bay  is  sub- 
divided by  moulded  purlins  and  oonunon 
rafters,  also  moulded. 

''The  chancel-arch  is  of  the  fifteenth 
century,  and  the  piers  or  responds  from 
which  the  arch  springi^  as  also  the  soffit 


1861.]      Leicestershire  Architectural  and  Arch(soIogical  Soc.      639 


of  11 10  arcb,  are  jMinelk'ii — an  anu^ual 
architectiirtil  feuture  in  thia  piirt  of  Ihe 
country,  though  common  enoujih  in  So- 
nuMiiieUihirB  and  iume  otlier  of  the  soutlt- 
wcBt^Tn  cotttitiea. 

**  Tbc  chuncei  ronf  h  pliiin  unil  <le- 
presscit),  ami  wns  probjibly  conitructi  d  in 
tUi»  hitter  part  of  tho  fifteenth  or  cHrly 
in  the  ilxt^'onth  cuiitory.  It  i»  divided 
into  three  buyri  with  moulded  w«lUphitcft, 
purlins,  and  mftcrs. 

"  or  the  present  internal  fittiniri  of  the 
church  and  their  tuTRug^cment  it  is  im- 
pii»siblti  to  speak  in  any,  the  sUghtect, 
tvnriH  of  C'OmraendfLtion. 

"The  ftimplo  yet  graceful  and  omatc 
architectural  features,  which  the  fittini;^ 
of  Wyelittb"*  and  of  the  succeeding  agw 
preevnied,  appear  about  a  century  ago  to 
have  been  ruthlessaly  swept  away*  and  the 
pre»eiit  tasteless  and  miserable  arrange^ 
mt-Tit  of  boxes  or  pews  made, — a»  FnUer 
quaintly  says,  *  high  and  easy  for  folk  to 
ait  or  slixrp  in,*  and  '  worthy  of  reforma- 
tion,* — was  adopted. 

•'  For  •  the  church  was  beantified  in  1761, 
with  a  costly  pavement  of  chequered  stone, 
new  pews  of  oak,  and  everything  else  new, 
both  in  church  and  chancel,  except  the 
pulpit.' 

*'The  pulpit  was  removtid  from  its 
ancient  and  appropriate  posittovi  in  the 
north  aisle  about  a  quarter  of  a  century 
n^,  and  »et  up  in  the  centre  of  the  nave, 
with  f^lerkV  d(^k  and  readln;?<pew  maeaed 
ti>fcf other,  like  a  huge  jn^dnaU^d  esicrea- 
c^i4*e.  Al  the  tame  time^  I  suppose,  the 
galleriea  were  cnnatructed.  With  these 
altirations  the  church  haa  been  knocked 
ahiMit,  and  is  now  in  A  state  of  serni-di- 
kpidatitiri,  whibt  the  west  end  of  tlie 
church  hw  been  parted  oil'  for  vestries 
and  receptacles  for  rnbbkh,  the  walls  of 
the  eliiintvl  panelled  round  in  1761,  where 
thfy  »hnnld  not  have  been,  htdiu^j^  moat 
probiibly  tVuturcii  of  archit-ectunil  int4>ri>ft, 
perhnps  the  very  stone  «eat  or  *sedih^* 
occnpiisl  liy  \VycliHe*  Wliat  a  slur  oi>uii 
his  memory  ! 

"  The  proper  restoration  of  this  church 
is  simply  a  work  of  time,  whether  it  lie 
elT*'cti'd  in  the  present  or  next  gener.»tion. 
Wycliffe  in  his  age,  its  a  Church  reformer, 
led  tliQ  van :  will  you,  in  thi*  a^  of 
chnrcli  rt«toration,  be  crmt^nt  to  follow 
in  the  wnke  ?  The  hi^h  pims  nnd  gallerios 
,^,;ii  ,  .  tlnwn,  iiud  the  pulpit  be  re- 
I  I  its  pre»t'nt  unsightly  ))Oiition. 

\'  ill  to  v^Tilk  a<Ti>w  the  fiehls  to 

^fiftvrt«in,  Imrely  a  mile  distant,  to  sec 
the  eft*«t9  of  such  a  chnn^fe.  Coinpnre 
the  two  diurchea  ti^itther:  'Look  here 
upon  this  picture  and  on  tlua,* 


"I  must  now  draw  your  attention  to 
the  monnment,  or  high  tomb,  in  the  nH*C9S 
In  the  north  wall  of  the  north  aisle  near 
the  east  end,  with  the  two  recnmbent 
effi(?ie«  thereon.  Tlie  tomb  itaelf  U  hid 
from  fight  by  one  of  thost'  unseemly  high 
pi;ws  1  have  descriljcd.  It  is  however, 
engraved  in  outline  in  JCichols's  *  Leiceater- 
Hhire,'  and,  as  far  as  I  con  judge  from  the 
representflition  there  given,  is  a  monument 
of  alKiut  Ihe  middle  of  the  tiftcenth  century. 
It  certainly  is  not  the  uionument  of  Wil- 
liam Feiiding  and  -lane  Prudhomme  his 
wife*  to  whom  Nichols  assigns  it,  for  he 
flourished  in  the  roign  of  Edwanl  the 
Third,  though  I  find  be  was  alive  in  the 
early  part  of  the  n^ign  of  lUchartl  the 
Stvond,  A.D.  1380.  Of  whom  it  is  the 
monument  is  yet  matter  of  conjecture. 
There  are,  however,  two  families,  to  one 
of  whom  this  moimment  is  likely  to  be* 
long : — namely,  to  one  of  the  Feilding 
fmuily — 8ir  John  Feikling,  Knt.,  son  of 
William  Feilding  and  Jane  Prudbommiv 
and  who  mflrried  Margaret  l*nrcfoy.  I 
know  not  when  they  dtc^l  or  where  they 
were  burictl,  but  as  they  were  the  father 
and  mother  of  Sir  Willinm  Feilding,  Knt., 
who  was  slain  at  the  buttle  of  Tewkesbnn', 
in  1 470,  n  nd  wiis  there  buried,  they  probabiy 
ditnl  ubout  the  middle  of  the  filleenth  cen- 
tory,  with  which  date  the  monnment  would 
agree.  Or  it  might  be  a  i»onttme»t  of  one 
of  the  Ferrers  family,  anciently  hirtls  of 
this  manor,  and  patrons  of  the  ndvowson  of 
the  chui'ch ;  and  if  so,  1  should  aasigii  It 
to  Sir  William  Ferrers  of  (Iroby, — who  in 
1-I-14  obtained  a  grant  of  a  market  and 
fair  to  Luttjcrworth.  and  who  died  in  1414, 
— and  to  hi»  laily.  To  this  worthy  knight 
and  benefactor  to  Lutterworth  I  would 
afvcnbe  the  rebuilding  of  the  chancel  early 
in  the  fift'Cevtth  century,  as  the  arms  o( 
Ferrers  over  the  east  window  of  the  chan* 
c*l  would  imply,  probably  at  or  about  the 
same  period  as  the  graut  of  the  market 
and  fair  was  ohUiincd ;  and  aa  the  window 
over  this  nionumeut  is  an  insertion  made 
when  the  chunccl  was  rebuilt,  and  in  the 
style  of  the  windowe.  of  the  chancel,  such 
fact  is  in  f;tvour  of  the  assumption  that 
this  was  the  tomb  of  a  Ferrers.  Yet  it  is 
in  what  is  called  the  Feilding  aisle,  and 
the  cUims  of  the  familtes  are,  in  my 
mind,  conflicttng.  Perhaps  some  one,  more 
interested  in  and  connc»cted  with  Lutter- 
worth than  I  am,  may  work  out  this 
interesting  problem. 

**The  effligies  on  this  tomb  aro  of  alo- 
bflstcr,  and  repreaont  an  esquire  or  knight, 
fi>r  there  is  no  dir^tinctive  mark  of  cognist- 
ance  between  them,  and  his  lady.  He 
api>can  barc'beuded,  with  aliurt-cropped 


640 


Jniiquarian  and  Literary  IntelliyenGer* 


>ec. 


hair,  find  fhce  close  ahweo,  attired  lu 
a  long  f;own  or  coat,  belted  round  tbo 
waist,  imd  bnckleil  in  front.  The  sleeves 
of  the  gown  arc  wide  nnd  loose,  and  it 
Hppears  to  be  worn  over  arrnoar,  of  which 
the  vtnnhruces,  coverings  for  the  lower 
arm,  and  eoodcs,  or  elbow -plates,  nnd 
broad  or  Pt]uare-t<^»cd  soUerets,  with  which 
the  feet  are  covennl,  are  visible.  The 
hands  are  bare  and  conjoined  on  the  breast 
in  attitude  of  pr:iyer,  and  the  ffet  rest 
Bp^ainst  gome  auinral,  now  much  nintilated. 
The  head  reposes  on  a  donble  cushion  sup- 
ported hy  aiigeh,  the  h tails  of  which  have 
been  destroyed.  There  is  a  jwculiarity 
about  this  eihj^y  I  huve  not  met  with  in 
any  other;  that  is,  it  appears  to  have 
over  the  defensive  armour  not  a  enrcoat, 
or  a  cyclafi,  or  a  jopon,  or  a  tabard,  but 
the  civihan  or  hiymuu'R  gown  or  coat  of 
the  i>eriotl  1  suppose  it  to  be,  namely,  of 
■bout  the  middle  of  the  fifteenth  century. 

"The  Ittdy  is  rqireaented  cuinbent  on 
the  left  of  her  husbiind,  clad  in  a  long 
loo»e  gown,  with  a  niftntlc  over,  f»ftened 
across  the  breast  by  a  cordon  with  pendent 
tstasels,  the  cordon  being  tiffixed  on  either 
side  to  a  lozenge-ahaped  fanail.  The  Hleevc-if 
of  the  gown  are  lull,  hut  drawn  up  aud 
cuffed  at  the  wriats;  the  veiled  head-dress 
is  worn,  and  the  bend  repcwes  on  a  doable 
cuahton  supported  by  angels,  llic  period 
to  which  tlii*  monument  may  be  fairly 
luisigned  is  Borae  time  in  the  lirst  half  of 
the  fifteenth  centurv.  The  costume  of 
both  effigies  may  bo  ttiirly  ascribed  to  that 
peri(.Ml. 

**  There  have  been  and  are  some  monu- 
mental brasses  in  the  church.  Moat  of 
tbem  have  diiiappcnretl,  Irat  none  of  them 
appear  to  have  bccTi  of  earlier  date  than 
the  fifteenth  century. 

•*  Mueh  paint<?d  glass  formerly  existisd 
in  this  church,  especially  in  shields  con- 
taining the  armorial  hearings  of  the  Feild- 
ingfl,  Ferrers,  and  others.  At  present  not 
a  single  fmgment  of  these  ancient  me- 
inorinlii  of  benefiictors  to  this  church  is  to 
be  fouud  :  all  have  been  ruthlessly  sm  ept 
»w«y. 

**Tbi«  church  containa  a  variety  of 
articles  which,  for  years  past,  I  know 
not  how  many,  have  been  regarded  ns 
Telica  orWyclilTe.  Ihcaoare— the  pulpit 
in  which  he  is  said  t/>  have  preache^l,  liis 
Arin-ehiiir,  his  tuMe,  his  altur  candle>4ticks, 
a  portiun  of  Iijs  gown,  and  hisi  portrait, — a 
C'»py  of  tliJit  in  the  poM*cHHio'i  of  the  Karl 
of  Denbigh,  pjiinlrd  by  a  Mr.  Feihliiig, 
nnd  prnAcnted  by  him  to  the  parish,  in 
17H4J.  The  original  of  this  portrait  is,  by 
the  kind  pifrwii)*stioti  of  thtit  nohl«  ^-arl, 
^ilh  other  iutiTifititig  {toriraiU  froiu  \m 

7 


valuable  collection,  and  for  wltich  we 
ought  and  must  all  f*»el  de<^ply  ind^liC<«L 
to  him, — now  in  yom  viiiii* 

*'Now   this   is   a  ; ',  and 

naturally  inquire  whuv EM  r  -  'icti 

genuine?    Is   a   single   ti  tn 

Wyelilfe*«  era?  1  should  h..  .  ;.  ile 
pleasetl  could  I  have  met  witb  n  aingUe 
article  which  I  could  ascribe  to  bis  a^r 
but  with  the  exception  of  the  &h^ll  of  l| 
tower,  suhatmcture  of  thcnnvo,  nml  (  ' 
I  can  lind  no  single  article  of  ftimit 
flttiugs  of  his  time.  To  take  thecn  i 
the  chair  and  talde  are  so  paJiwiiTdy  i 
of  furniture  of  the  seventeenth 
that  the  veriest  tyro  in  archicolDgio 
would  never  think  of  assiyiiing-  them 
earlier  period.  Not  so  the  pulpit  :  lmt| 
this  of  VVycIifle's  age?  CeitHinly  nd 
When  the  chancel  was  rebuilt  in  the  car 
pnrtofthe  fift^?enth  ct^ntury.  or  when 
that  century  the  clerestory  was  ntlded 
the  nave,  nnd  the  pre*ft'ri»  »-....♦ 
thereon,  the  church  was  ."^ 
benches,  probably  like  tho-  i 

Church  or  in  Claybrook  Cburch. 
chancel-Bcreen,  rich  and  costly,  « 
that  time  constructed,  as  waa  a] 
pulpit. 

"Fragments  of  the  cbanceKserecn, 
what  I  presume  to  linve  beeo   aucH, 
worked  up  at  the  bnck  of  the  org 
nearly  hiddeu  from  view.     Tlic   ar 
tural  details  of  this  screen,  us  welli 
the  pulpit,  are  clearly  those    of  the 
teeutU  century.     In  fuct.  I  do  nra  kn 
a  single  church  in   the  kingihun    whl^ 
contains  an  original  wooden  pulpit  of  i 
fourteenth  century,  it«  thi? 
posed  to  be  J  and  the  few 
hn%'c  of  that  age,  or  earli...     ,,  .    ifl 
yet   remaining  or   ruined    rrt'ectisrittB 
con V  e  n tu  al  foun  datlons. 

**  The  aoun ding-hoard  to  the  pulpit,  qq 
jn  the  vestry,  is  nn  addition  of  the 
teenth  century,  about  two  huudred  rcf 
old. 

"Tlien  as  to   the  vvsrj  rnrioua 
aUnr-cnndlesticks  of  wood  Hn<l  gilt 
rare  and  curious  they  an?,  but  not 
age  of  Wyclilfe,  for  they  are  n   pair 
altar-candlesticks  of  the  early  purt  of  t\ 
seventeenth  century,  or  time  of  Ck«r|j 
the   First.      At   the   Reformation,    ifk 
lights  were  generally  abohslied 
churches^   the    two  on   the 
tabic,  or  h--''  -i'   ■     -  '*  —  --'i-y 
retained  i  tij 

Chriwt  is  .  i 
and  thc*c'  cont* 
in  tbo  Houjw!  o: 
an   ordiimncv   fur    i 
CAudles^ticks  from  •  i 


Leicestershire  Architectural  and  Arch^ohgical  Soc.     041 


pcTjt'ral  defltruction  these  appear  to  liavo 
ese»pe<1,  and,  as  lii^orical  relics,  I  hope 
they  toiiy  loii|r  cioiitiniie  to  be  taken  care 
of.  If  not  unlqiu%  they  are  tlic  OTiJy  pair 
of  wortdt'ti  cnndli'^tickft  of  that  [^Kiriod  I 
linve  tinind  remaiinng, 

**  Then  there  is  a  portion  of  a  vestment, 
kqit  with  great  cure  and  reverence  in 
a  rUs*  e:»«e,  never  to  lie  opened,  iind, 
like  the  blood  of  St.  Junuanoi,  to  bo 
looked  at  but  not  examined.  For  we 
indgt*  of  it  nnder  great  disadvnntaf  es  from 
itH  partial  eoncealinent.  Now  if  this 
fm^tnetit  h  that  of  a  vRstment^  there 
were  only  two  vestment)*,  or  service-habit*, 
of  the  Chnrch  of  Rome  to  whirh  it  cmthl 
beloij|f.  vix.  the  cope  and  the  chasuble. 
The  Inttor  wonld  be  the  ventment  worn 
by  VVyditfe  evory  time  he  officiated  at 
priest  at  the  celebration  of  the  Kueharistic 
Ullin',  the  former  only  at  choral  aervicc« 
and  in  processions.  Now  the  oope  had 
winiutiiiie'i  oqdtreya  down  the  sides  in 
front,  in  which  %ure«  of  Nuints  were 
sotnetimes  work  eel,  but  not  those  of 
angels  I  and  I  never  knew  an  instance 
of  0  chasuble  worked  as  this  fragrment  ia. 
My  own  opinion,  and  I  cannot  aafficiently 
e?caniine  the  fnijsrment  to  be  poeitive,  i"g 
that  it  is  the  portion  of  an  oltar  fwnt^d  of 
th©  fifteenth  century,  some  of  which  are 
still  presiffr^ed  in  onr  churchei*,  the  an^el 
bcinjpr  represented  aa  it  wonld  liave  bren 
in  the  preceding:  eentcry,  or  time  of  Wyc- 
littb.  Huvlng:  thiiM  expressed  my  ojtinion, 
formed  umler  a  ver^'  pnrtiid  exnnitiiMtitm, 
I  am  content  to  leave  this  point  for  the 
ftitnre  cntieisms  of  others. 

•*  Lastly,  as  to  the  portrait.  Is  that 
not  of  Wycliffe. — that  venerable  Warded 
old  man  ?  Alas !  I  am  afbiid  I  must 
attempt  to  disiiipnte  sdl  preconceived  and 
chenHhed  notions  which  liav©  long  pre- 
vailed respiHting  it. 

•*  WycliflTe,  m  a  priest  of  the  Church 
liofore  the  Itefurmation,  was  required  by 
the  discipline  of  the  Clmrch  to  \ni  cIojml* 
shtivcn,  b^th  ns  to  bis  chin  and  his  cheeks; 
and  if  you  eiaiitiiie  the  bniSR's  am!  sculp- 
tured muuumcutal  effivries,  of  the  tonr- 
teenth  cMfflury,  of  prie^lA  in  thi^  country, 
which  are  numenjOH,  vou  will  not  find  one 
rtfprciented  in  the  manner  pourtniyed  by 
this  [Mirtrait*  Again,  the  cap»  the  costnuie, 
the  gtnvn,  the  ruff  encircSinu  the  wrist, 
as  represented  in  this   pnrlnift,  are,  to- 

t. '  ,       ,       ,  -   ul 

I  ■  \  lie 

t'      - -. ... ..,_,.  V,  Uen 

the  bwliioti  ol  letting  the  bciird  grow 
amun^  the  ttefurmed  clergy  crept  in.  Tldii 
painting  is  clearly  of  thnt  perit>d,  and  the 
dnto  of  it  I  ahouhl  i\\  uh  iMimewln;rv  be' 

OJsinr.  Mxa.  Vol,  CCXI. 


^JK» 


tween  1540  and  1570.  As  to  its  Wmg 
a  realistic  jxirtrait  of  WyclliTe,  or  of  his 
age,  it  certainly  is  not.  It  may  be  an 
idejil  portrjiit  of  him  in  the  CHj^tnine  and 
appearance  prevalent  in  »n  age  at  letist 
a  century  and  a  hulf  after  bis  death.  There 
is,  or  was  forty  yesirs  ago,  a  iiortrait 
ftomewhnt  similar  lo  this  in  the  c^jlWetion 
of  the  then  Duke  of  Dorset,  at  Knole.  in 
Kent,  bearing  aUo  the  name  of  Wycliffe, 
Wliether  it  remains  th»^re  still  I  know  not. 

**  Now  I  can  shew  you  a  much  more 
realistic  portrait,  a«  lo  costume  and 
general  appe2iranc««,  than  that  this  paint- 
ing represent*.  It  exhlhita  a  priest  of 
Wycliffe's  time  veate*!  for  the  service  of 
the  Cliurch,  namely*  in  the  alb,  stote» 
maniple,  and  chasuble.  When  not  so 
vested,  his  ordinary  clerical  habit  would 
have  been  a  long  cassock^  or  coat,  the 
to^a  talaris  with  a  liwul^  the  caputium 
attached  to  it,  and  hanging  down  bob i ltd. 

*'  la  there,  then,  no  relic  of  Wye liffe's 
time?  Yes,  there  was  one  disiniseil  of 
lately  in  London,  and  I  could  have  wished 
it  had  been  secured  for  the  church  of  Lut- 
terworth. Why  we  reverence  the  memory 
of  Wycliflb  is  not  so  much  on  account  of 
his  the<idr»gical  opinions,  on  many  of  which 
griive  difference.^  might  arise,  but  from 
his  translation  of  the  Holy  Scriptures,  or 
at  least  jTortion*  of  them,  into  the  vema- 
cnhir,  tlie  language  of  Chauwr  and  of  the 
author  of  '  Piers  Flo  wins  n,.' 

"  Now  in  the  late  sad  dlsperiiion,  which 
ought  never  to  have  taken  place,  of  the 
libri«r>'  of  Archbishop  Tenisun,  on  the 
1st  vf  July  last,  among  the  MSIS.  wns 
one  of  the  fourteenth  century,  containing 
portions  of  certain  books  of  the  Old  Tes- 
ment  tnin*lare«l  1>y  John  VV^yclitTe,  whether 
in  his  monograph,  which  1  think  not  un- 
likely, or  a  simple  transcript  made  in  his 
time,  1  cannot  say.  It  was  a  snnill  foli ) 
volume,  and,  though  fraarmenial,  w»s 
pnrchast^'d  in  pnbUc  competition  by  a  well- 
known  Londou  bookseller,  Mr.  Lilly,  for 
£150. 

"  I  have  MOW  treeimssed  npon  yotir 
patience  more  than  1  ought  to  have  done, 
and  my  remsirks  tuiiy  not  have  been  so 
pobitable  n^  I  could  have  wished :  but  it 
is  ttie  province  of  an  antitpiary  *  to  search 
out  truth,'  whether  *  in  academic  groves,* 
or  atnid  olijects  of  long-cherished  iaterest 
presented  lo  his  notice." 

The  Rev,  Mr.  Jamei}  read  a  paper,  illus- 
trated by  plans,  relating  to  the  l>attle  of 
Nasoby,  preparatory  to  the  intended  visit 
to  the  locality  oo  the  following  day. 

Se^i.  27.    The  fiivt   place  v'lsited  ou 
in 


642 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Dec 


the  excursion  was  Cave's  Inn,  where  Mr. 
Bloxam  remarked  that  he  differed  from 
many  most  able  authorities  in  his  opinion 
as  to  the  ancient  Roman  station,  Tri- 
pontium  :  he  believed,  for  reasons  which 
he  was  not  then  prepared  to  enter  into, 
even  did  time  permit,  that  Cave's  Inn  was 
the  site  of  that  station,  and  not  (as  was 
generally  thought)  Lilbourne.  He  might 
shortly,  through  the  public  press,  give  the 
reasons  which  he  thought  strong  enough 
to  warrant  him  in  coming  to  that  con- 
clusion. 

After  a  hasty  inspection  of  the  church 
at  Lilbourne,  Mr.  Bloxam  led  the  way  to 
the  huge  mounds  of  earth  close  by,  which 
he  stated  had  generally  been  supposed  to 
be  in  some  way  connected  with  the  Ro- 
man station,  Tripontium  ;  indeed,  Stuke- 
Icy,  Burton,  and  others  had  stated  Lil- 
bourne to  bo  the  locality  of  that  station. 
The  mounds  close  by  the  church,  he  stated 
not  to  be  marks  of  British  or  Roman  oc- 
cupation, but  the  proofs  of  the  existence 
of  a  mediffival  castle. 

A  drive  of  three  miles  brought  the  ex- 
cursionists to  Stanford  Church,  where 
they  were  met  by  the  rector,  and  the 
Rev.  G.  A.  Poole,  of  Welford,  who  gave 
much  valuable  information  respecting  the 
church,  and  the  very  beautiful  and  in- 
teresting ancient  stained  glass  preserved 
therein  :  the  following  is  an  abstract  of 
his  remarks : — 

"  The  history  of  the  church  of  St.  Ni- 
cholas, at  Stanford,  is  extremely  simple; 
for  the  whole  is  of  one  style,  and  so  nearly 
of  the  same  character,  that  it  would  be 
difficult  merely  from  architectural  charac- 
teristics to  say  which  are  the  earliest  por- 
tiotis.  Moreover,  at  the  time  to  which 
the  church  must  be  referred  (that  is,  the 
first  half,  or,  to  8i)eak  more  exactly,  the 
second  (juarter  of  the  fourteenth  century), 
the  lordship,  as  well  as  the  advowson  of 
Stanford,  was  in  the  possession  of  the 
Abbey  of  Selby  ;  so  that  we  are  not  led  to 
look  for  indications  that  any  particular 
portions  of  the  church  are  to  be  assigned 
to  any  persons  out  of  the  Abbey.  There 
is,  however,  a  tomb  with  a  recumbent 
figure,  under  a  recessed  arch  in  the  south 
aisle,  which  probably  indicates  the  resting- 
place  of  the  founder  of  a  chantry  in  that 
aisle.  There  is  nothing  elsewhere  to  lead 
to  a  doubt  that  the  Abbey  was  at  the 


whole  charges  of  the  erection  of  the 
church.  But  however  this  may  be,  it  is 
certainly  one  of  the  most  pleasing  ex- 
amples of  the  Decorated  style,  without 
being  remarkably  rich,  that  we  have  in 
the  neighbourhood.  The  interior  is  es- 
pecially good  in  effect,  chiefly  perhaps 
from  the  slenderness  of  the  piers,  whidi 
are  without  capitals,  the  chamfers  of  the 
arches  being  continuous  from  the  point  of 
the  arches  to  the  gromid — a  character 
partially  adopted  in  the  succeeding,  or 
Perpendicular  style.  The  font  is  coeval 
with  the  church.  The  miserable  reredos, 
shutting  out  half  of  the  east  window,  and 
the  fittings  of  the  chaneel  generally,  onght 
to  be  destroyed.  The  roodscreen,  and 
a  little  piece  of  screen -work  across  the 
tower-arch,  were  brought,  not  many  yean 
ago,  from  Lutterworth.  The  pulpit  cloth 
is  of  crimson  velvet,  richly  embroidered 
with  white  silk,  and  has  a  curious  history. 
It  was  worked  by  Lady  Rowe,  and  pre- 
sented to  this  church  in  thankful  com- 
memoration of  the  escape  of  herself  and 
her  husband.  Sir  Thomas  fiowe,  from  a 
storm  at  sea,  on  their  return  from  Turkey ; 
whence  they  had  precipitately  fled  to  avoid 
the  Sultan's  advances  to  Lady  Howe. 
The  monuments  consist  of  a  veiy  perfect 
series,  commemorative  of  the  Caves,  from 
Sir  Thomas,  who  purchased  the  lordship 
and  advowson  of  Henry  YIII.  at  the  sup- 
pression of  the  abbeys,  to  the  late  Otway 
Cave,  Esq.,  M.P.,  son  of  Lady  Braye,  the 
present  owner. 

**  But  by  far  the  most  interesting  object 
in  the  church  is  the  painted  glass,  the 
greater  part  coeval  with  the  fabric,  but 
presenting  specimens  of  Perpendicular  also* 
and  Cinque  Cento,  with  a  number  of 
armorial  devices,  down  to  comparatively 
recent  date.  Of  the  Decorated,  or  origins! 
glass,  the  most  ancient  is  that  in  the  head 
of  the  east  window,  which  is  assigned  to 
the  reign  of  Edward  II.,  or  the  beginning 
of  the  next  reign,  by  the  several  sbields  of 
arms.  These  are, — I.  England,  with  a 
label,  probably  for  Edwtu^d  III.  when 
Prince  of  Wales;  II.  France;  and  IIL 
England,  (France  and  England  being  both 
borne  by  the  kings  of  England);  IV. 
England,  with  a  label  for  Thomas  of 
Brotherton,  Earl  of  Norfolk,  half-brother 
of  Edward  1 1.  Beneath  these  are — V.  the 
arms  of  Wake,  for  Thomas  Lord  Wake ; 
VI.  Warren,  probably  for  Plantag^net, 
Earl  of  Surrey;  VII.  Bohnn,  Earl  of 
Hereford.  Next  in  the  order  of  date  are 
the  figures  in  the  north  and  south  chancel 
windows.  The  Decorated  glass  in  the 
heads  of  the  aisle  windows  follows,  being 
all  from  1340  to  1360.    The  upper  parts 


1861.]        Society  of  Antiquaries,  Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 


C43 


of  tlie  east  windows  of  eaeli  aUle  sro  e»» 
poclally  beautiful  ;  bat  tho  two  lower 
figures  in  each  window  arc  not  of  the 
nme  dat«T  being  probably  from  the  east 
Indow  of  the  cbancelj  the  lower  part  of 
bich  18  now  dcftroyetL  The  Perpen- 
dicular glASf t  which  is  of  tho  early  part  of 
tho  fifteenth  century,  \&  scatterod  through- 
out the  windows  of  the  nave  ai.il<?«.  It  Is 
not  of  sin^lnr  merit.  In  the  CAst  ebanct'l 
window  is  a  large  quantity  of  Cinque 
Cento  glass,  appropriuted  by  the  arms  to 
the  Caves,  who  have  held  the  projwrty 
Hince  the  time  of  Henry  V^lll.  To  the 
same  family  belong;  all,  or  almost  all,  the 
eoiit«  which  apix^ar  in  ifreat  profusion  in 
the  aisle  windows,  Tbig  gUiM*  bus  Iwen 
minutely  dtseribeil  by  Mr.  Winston,  in 
a  numbt»r  of  the  "Churcbe*  of  North- 
Binptonshlre*"  published  by  the  Architec- 
tural Society  of  the  Archdeaconry  of 
Nortliampton.  to  wliich  the  stodent  of 
the  history  of  g^la^v  painting  may  l>e  re- 
ferred (br  n  fuller  Account.  A  copy  of  this 
4lescription  kept  in  the  church  wonld  he 
great  boon  to  the  wandering  eoclesio- 

Upon  furiving  at  Sibbcrtoit  the  com- 
pany assembled  In  the  school -room,  pluocd 
at  the  diiposal  of  the  oommitlee  by  tho 
Re?a.  the  Vicar  and  Dolben  PhuI,  and 
partook  of  luuchecn. 

After  the  company  had  received  an  in- 
vitation from  Canon  Jauiei  to  refr<»b 
themselves  with  tea  at  the  Vicarsige,  upon 
their  arrival  at  Tbcddingworth,  they 
walked  to  Naseby  Field,  beaded  by  thut 
gcntlcmaiu  They  Imltinl  upon  the  high 
ground  above  Broadmoor,  where  the 
fiercest  conflict  took  place,  having  the 
ground  occupied  by  the  Parliamentarians 
beftire  them«  and  Koseby  Church  upon  the 
lK>nndary  line.  Here  thcj'  were  joined  by 
Sir  Charles  Uham  and  party »  Sir  W,  de 
Gipel  Brooke,  the  Rev/ R  Wilson,  Mlas 
Harrit»on  and  party,  Mr,  and  Mrs.  Gatty, 
and  other  friends,  from  the  neighlxjurhood 
of  Market  llarboroagh.  Tbe  Bev.  Canon 
James,  having  mountod  one  of  tho  car> 
riagoa,  proceeded  to  give  a  munmftry  of 


the  paper  that  be  had  read  the  previous 
evening,  the  interest  attJiching  to  wbieli 
was  cnuiiidorMbty  enhanced  by  the  fact  of 
its  being  dtiLiverod  njon  tbe  very  sjKit 
whore  the  exciting  incidents  related  took 
placev 

The  company  then  pwned  tbrongli  n 
beautifully-wooded,  undulating  country,  to 
Theddingworth,  where  they  inspected  tbe 
almost  perfect  gem  of  a  restored  cluircb, 
inuivr  the  guidanoG  of  its  vicar,  Mr,  Jame^. 
As  this  church  is  better  known  to  most  of 
our  readers  than  the  others  we  have  had 
occasion  to  refer  to  in  this  report,  wc  nee<l 
do  little  more  than  remind  them  of  tho 
almost  siicredneas  of  its  restoration;  not 
a  stone,  not  a  bit  of  timl>er,  not  a  time- 
mark,  not  a  trace  of  the  nncient  usages  of 
the  church,  have  been  removed  or  obli- 
terated whore,  by  any  ]ioKsibility,  they 
could  be  retained*  And  whiUt  all  the 
Ancient  portions— where  possible — hav© 
been  preserved,  everything  modem  is  of 
the  very  best  kind  both  an;  to  material  and 
workmanship.  Tbe  floor -tiling,  designed 
by  Lord  A.  Compton,  is  most  ben uti fully 
simple  and  chaste  in  design  and  colour* 
Tbe  carving  of  the  SL>at-endB  and  screens 
to  the  «idc-chaix*U  or  chantries  will  all 
bear  the  minutest  inspection,  and  wilt 
sntiafy  the  mmt  fastidious  critic.  The 
pulpit  and  low  screen  dividing  the  navo 
from  the  chancel  apo  of  carved  Leieester- 
shiro  alabaster,  and  the  minor  fittings  of 
the  church  ate  well  worthy  of  imitation* 
The  arcbttectural  featurca  of  the  fabric 
are  very  interesting,  thia  small  church 
containing  within  itself  specimens  of  every 
style  of  architecture,  from  the  Norman 
down  to  the  Elizabethan. 

Thia  w»»  the  doae  of  the  proceedings  j 
and  having  availed  themselves  of  Mr, 
James's  ho«pitfllifcy,  the  party  returned^ 
some  to  Lutt'erworth,  some  to  Leioettar 
by  wsy  of  Market  Harborougb. 


SOCIETY  OF  ANTIQUARIES,  KEWCASTLE-TTPON-TYOT:. 

JToe.  6.     JoHic  HopoBO!!  HimK,  Ksi},,  and  pointing  out  many  curious  points  of 

V.-P^  in  tho  chair.  resemblance  between  some  of  its  structurea 

A  lettiT  was    read   from   Dr.    Bruce,  and  tboHc  of  Borcf^vieus  and  other  stations 

giving  an  atieouut,  <a/^r  a^ittt  of  Pompeii,  on  the  Roman  Wall. 


641 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Dec. 


Dr.  Charlton  read  the  following  com- 
munication from  Sir  W.  C.  Trevelyan  : — 

"At  Higliam  Dykes,  let  into  the  front 
wall  of  a  cottage,  near  which  it  was  dug 
up,  Is  a  rude  piece  of  sculpture  in  sand* 
stone  (porliai)8  it  is  Ilonian),  of  part  of 
a  scnii-nudc  female  6gure.  Seeing  this 
made  me  ask  Miss  Bell  whether  there 
were  any  earthworks  from  which  the 
place  might  take  its  name.  Slie  pointed 
out  some  in  a  grass  field  immediately 
east  of  the  house,  which  appear  decidedly 
ancient,  but  mixed  up  and  ctmfused  with 
old  fence  dykes  an<l  tillage  ridges.  The 
case,  however,  is,  I  think,  one  worth  in- 
vestigating by  your  Society.  Tliere  can 
be  little  doubt,  it  has  often  occurred  to 
me,  that  the  Romans  must  have  had  many 
roads  besides  those  generally  known,  and 
in  this  county  one  running  not  far  from 
the  east  coast,  from  north  to  south,  per- 
haps not  far  from  the  line  of  the  old  north 
road,  to  which  we  might  be  guided  by 
names  or  camps,  if  such  exist  along  that 
line.  There  was  one  from  the  south  to 
South  Shields  and  Wallsend,  which  pro- 
bably would  be  continued  northwards." 

Sir  W.  C.  Trevelyan  had  also  sent  for 
exhibition  a  long  narrow  roll,  being  the 
inventory  after  death  of  the  chattels  of 
William  Moore,  Escj.,  of  the  Bank  House, 
dated  1502  in  one  place,  and  1602  in 
another.  The  latter  is  the  true  dat^,  the 
•cribc  not  having  overcome  the  habits  of 
the  century  which  had  just  ended.     The 


"chappcl  chamber"  and  the  "chapel!" 
were  furnished  as  bedrooms,  and  shew 
that  the  proprietor  had  dealt  in  chantry 
lands.  The  inventory  abounds  in  carious 
detail. 

Dr.  Charlton  produced  a  Danish  news- 
paper containing  a  notice  of  the  wonderful 
discovery  of  runes  in  the  Orkneys,  by 
James  Farrer,  Esq.'  They  prove  to  be 
little  more  than  names,  some  of  them 
being  written  by  a  person  who  describes 
himself  as  the  most  knowing  one  in  runes 
over  the  western  seas — a  character  which 
the  abstruse  nature  of  the  accompanying 
inscriptions,  some  of  which  are  in  "  palm 
runes,"  amply  justifies.  Some  of  the 
names  and  short  notices  are  of  an  his- 
torical nature.  These  Norse  or  Icelandic 
characters  may  be  attributed  to  the 
eleventh  or  twelfth  century,  and  are  very 
similar  to  those  discovered  in  1824^  on  the 
coast  of  Greenland,  opposite  Baffin's  Bay. 

Mr.  Longstafile  stated  in  reference  to 
the  lewis-holes  appearing  in  the  stones  of 
the  Boman  bridge  at  Cilumum,  that  these 
appearances  presented  themselves  not  un- 
frequently  in  works  of  both  Roman  and 
mediaeval  times;  and  put  the  question 
whether  the  lewis  was  found  in  Greek  or 
other  ancient  architecture,  as  the  Romans 
were  not  on  the  whole  an  inventive 
people. 


KOllFOLK  AND   NORWICH  ARCHAEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY,  AND 
SUFFOLK  INSTITUTE  OF  ARCHEOLOGY. 


Oct,  9.  These  Societies  held  a  joint 
meeting  in  the  fumed  old  border  town 
of  Hungay,  which  was  attended  by  a  nu- 
merous body  of  members  and  gentle- 
men of  the  district. 

The  rendezvous  was  the  magistrates' 
room  at  the  King's  Head  Hotel,  the  walls 
of  which  were  covered  by  a  hirge  collec- 
tion of  rubbings  from  monumental  brasses 
chiefly  belonging  to  the  two  counties,  and 
contributed  by  Mr.  Thon»as  Tallak,  the 
Hcv.  J.  J.  Raven,  and  Mr.  Graystone  B. 
Buker.  A  variety  of  local  antiquities 
were  also  arranged  on  a  table  in  the 
centre  of  the  room,  chiefly  from  the  col- 
lection of  Mr.  (i  ray  stone  Baker,  of  Bun- 
gay.    Among  those  wliich  attracted  most 


notice  were — a  leaden  bulla  of  Cclestine 
III.,  1192,  in  admirable  preser%'ation ; 
a  brass  circular  matrix  of  a  seal  inscribed 

B'  DENIS  DE.  LE  HABNESSE  ;   Onothcr  with 

the  device  of  St.  Hubert,  (a  stag's  head 
with  a  cross  between  the  antlers,)  bearing 
the  legend  timi  detm  ;  part  of  a  chimney- 
piece  in  marquctry-work,  representing  the 
interior  of  a  court-yard,  and  bearing^  upon 
it  the  date  15 —  and  the  arms  of  Beding- 
field,  removed  from  an  old  carved-fronted 
house  in  Olland-stroet,  Bungay ;  an  ele- 
phant's tooth,  and  a  roughly  chipped 
stone  celt,  found  on  the  common ;  brass 
coins  of  Antoninus  Aurelius,  Faustina  the 

>  8eo  Okmt.  Mao.,  Aug.  1861,  p.  179. 


1861.]         Norfolk  and  Norwich,  and  Suffolk  ArchmoL  Socs,     645 


,  jounger,  Nero,  Caranstui,  4c,»  tlii§  up  ia 
vftriou*  parte  of  the  town  ;  and  a  tray  of 
150  Qiintmi^  fielectcnl  from  n  thousand  or 

'  iDore  plough &d  up  in  1612  on  the  outaid^ 
of  the  common, 

A  lendeu  shield,  apparently  iemp*  Hen. 
VII.,  bearing  a  horse-fihoe,  bamniL^  pin- 
cera,  ujanc-comb,  naiU,  &c  j  and  a  some- 
what nmtihited  stone  hottle  or  vase,  fiiir- 
mcrly  glflxcd,  iu  the  shape  of  an  equtpstrian 
)inight>  with  elongateii  sharp  -  pointed 
^iiuld»  found  at  DitchingbAm,  adjoining 
Bungay. 

An  Anglo-Saxon  dnerary  urn,  with  a 
large  portion  of  a  second  one,  and  a  tlint 
arrow -head  barbed,  found  at  Broom  e- 
heathi  nonr  Bungny,  where  are  still  to  be 
iccu  three  earth -moo  nds. 

A  variety  of  fragments  of  Roman  pot- 
tery, with  a  few  pieces  of  Samian  ware, 
fonnd  with  a  larger  immber  of  pieoea 
and  calcined  hones  iu  l!S56»  in  wluit  hiid 
uniiaestionahly  been  a  horyinggrouud 
in  the  lk>maa  pericMl  at  Wuiuford, 
Bungay. 

A  fine  round  brass  seal,  temp,  PI  en.  IV., 
circumscribetl  sioillv  wilu  i  delatotu, 
found  in  1826,  at  i5t.  J^Iargaret's,  South 
Elm  hum ;  and  a  circular  brass  fibula,  of 
A  cabnlistic  character,  circnmficribed  with 
the  letters  o  T  i  8  variously  placed,  found 
on  the  top  of  a  circular  monnd  at  St, 
John's,  South  Elmham,  in  1828. 

A  fine  polished  stone  celt,  and  two 
Iraas  one*  of  the  common  form,  with  loop 
oil  one  side,  found  in  IB  17,  near  the 
ensile  at  Mettingham ;  and  a  hrasa  spoon 

I  taken  from  out  the  moat  there  in  ISSii. 

The  Rev,  S.  W.  King  exhibited  a  Ro- 
man cinerary  urn  fonnd  at  llidenliam,  and 
a  Rue  Anglo-Saxon  um  found  in  an  earth* 

[mound  near  the  church  at  Kar^ham  ;  and 
it*  Baker  abo  sent  a  horse's  bit  of  uu* 
i  power,  found  when  removing   an- 
other mound  on  the  same  spot* 

^Ir.  George  Baker  exhibited  an  antique 

'lantern  formerly  in  the  old  carveil-frontcHl 

lIiousc  bi'torc  alluded  to;  besides  various 

L plana  of  the  town,  caaile,  Stc* 

By  pcrmiaaion  of  the  churchwardefui, 
the  old  church wnrdcns'  book  of  Bungay 
8t.  Mary«  commencing  15  Ileo.  VI I L  and 
coming  dov^m  to  1S&3,  a  large  volume  of 


great  interest,  was  placed  on  the  table  for 
the  inspection  of  the  company, 

Tlie  clmir  having  been  taken  by  the 
Rev.  Loud  AsTHrii  Hervey,  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  Suttl»lk  Society,  hii  lord?ihip 
expre&eed  the  deep  regret  which  all  must 
feci  at  the  absence  of  Sir  John  Boileau, 
Bart,,  the  President  of  the  sister  Society, 
who  was  to  have  presided  on  this  occasion  j 
and  mmt  sincerely  and  deeply  did  he  and 
all  of  them  sympathize  with  bim  in  that 
dark  cloud  of  domestic  aftliction  which 
had  produced  this  regretted  absence.  As 
the  day  waa  not  very  ibie,  liu  would  ask 
Mr,  Woodward  to  give  them  In  thkit 
room  that  information  about  the  f^imous 
ca»tle  of  Bungay  which  he  had  kindly 
promised  to  do  amid  its  mtijcstic  and 
venerable  ruins. 

Mr,  B.  B,  Woodwartl,  F.S.A.,  regret- 
ting that  pressure  of  engagements  lately 
ahotild  have  prevented  his  reducing  his 
facta  and  opinions  to  writing,  proceeded, 
with  the  aid  of  a  large  map  prepared  by 
Mr,  Oeoi^e  Baker,  to  point  out  what  iti 
liis  opinion  shewcMl  that  Bun^y  bad  been, 
first  a  stronghold  of  the  Britons,  then 
a  fortified  placse  of  consideraliW  import- 
ance in  the  Roman  period,  and  finally 
a  castle  of  the  Normans  ;  continuing  to  l>e 
a  place  of  strength  ami  power,  notwith- 
standing many  vicissitudes,  till  a  l&to 
date. 

The  Rev.  T.  Clarkson  read  a  paper  on 
some  old  records  found  in  the  parish  chest 
of  St.  Jnraes,  South  Kluihaiii,  quoting'  ei- 
tructs  between  the  years  1383  and  168i 
to  show  the  cui^ioms  and  mannora  of  the 
times,  and  to  stimukte  others  to  make 
similar  researches  In  other  localities. 

The  party  then  a^jottrned  to  the  cnatle, 
and  the  day  having  becoUM  beautifully 
fine  and  warm,  Mr,  Woodward  pointed 
out  those  ports  of  the  earthworks  and 
fortifications  which  imUcatcd  the  diiferent 
periods  into  which  he  had  divided  tbo 
history  of  the  castle. 

From  the  castle  outworks  the  company 
proceeded  to  Trinity  Church,  where  the 
Kcv.  J.  J.  liaven,  Master  of  the  Grammar- 
school,  Bungay,  read  a  paper  on  '*The 
Kcdc?jiB4stical  Remains  of  Bungay  ;*'  shew- 
ing that  the  toner  of  Trinity  Church, 


646 


AfUiguarian  and  lAterary  InieUigeneer. 


[Dec 


which  18  ronnd  in  form,  is  of  the  time  of 
Edward  the  Confessor ;  a  fact  which  was 
confirmed,  among  other  things,  by  a  small 
window  or  opening  in  the  north  wall, 
formed  of  that  kind  of  masonry  which  is 
now  generally  believed  to  indicate  an  earlier 
period  than  the  Conquest.  After  qnoting 
a  variety  of  entries  of  mnch  interest  from 
the  parish  books  relative  to  the  bell, 
probably  cast  by  Richard  Brasycr,  the 
younger,  in  the  fifteenth  century,  Mr. 
Baven  proceeded  to  give  the  history  of  the 
neighbouring  convent,  and  next  conducted 
the  visitors  to  the  Church  of  Holy  Cross, 
a  spacious  edifice  with  a  magnificent 
tower  in  the  Perpendicular  style,  but 
having  a  ruined  chancel  and  choir  of  a 
much  earlier  period ;  and  within  the  same 
enclosure  some  remains  of  the  old  con- 
ventual buildings.  The  reverend  gentle- 
man then  referred  to  the  destroyed  church 
of  St.  Thomas ;  the  chapel  on  the  bridge, 
of  which  nothing  remains;  the  chapel  of 
St.  Mary  Magdalen,  probably  connected 
with  a  lazar-house,  and  of  w^hich  a  Per- 
pendicular doorway  and  some  fragments 
of  wall  remain  in  the  premises  of  Mr. 
Watson,  blacksmith  ;  and  of  the  Grammar- 
school,  founded,  on  the  dissolution  of  the 
priory,  in  "  the  chapel  in  the  churchyard." 
The  present  school  premises  were  given  to 
the  town  in  1580,  or  thereabouts,  by  Lionel 
Throckmorton,  but  the  school  suffered 
much  by  fire  in  1688;  a  disaster  com- 
memorated by  a  stone  tablet  over  the 
principal  entrance. 

Carriages  were  then  ordered,  and  the 
numerous  party  proceeded  to  Mcttingham 
Castle,  the  residence  of  the  Rev.  J.  C. 
Safibrd,  who  is  lord  of  the  manor  and 
rector  of  the  parish,  and  who  kindly  in- 
vited the  company,  as  they  arrived,  to  par- 
take of  an  elegant  Inncheou  most  hospi- 
tably provided  for  the  occasion.  After 
justice  had  been  rendered  to  Mr.  Safibrd's 
good  cheer,  the  Rev.  C.  R.  Manning  read 
a  paper  on  the  Castle  and  College,  within 
the  old  walls  of  the  latter.  The  castle 
was,  he  said,  a  fortified  manor-house  rather 
than  a  fortress,  but  was  a  place  of  con- 
siderable strength,  furnished  with  all  the 
means  of  defence  suitable  for  the  unsettled 
times  of  the  Normans.    It  owed  its  origin 


to  Sir  John  de  Norwich,  who,  in  reward 
for  his  services  in  the  French  wars,  ob- 
tained license  from  Edward  III.,  21  Ang., 
1342,  to  casteUate    his    residence    here. 
Being,  however,  compelled  to  return  to 
the  French  wars,  the  completion  of  the 
castle  was  intrusted  to  Dame  Margaret, 
his  wife.    It  existed  as  a  residence  of  the 
founder's  family  only  for  forty  years,  being 
conveyed  in  1382  to  the  College  of  Secnhu- 
Canons  that  had  been  founded  by  Sir  John 
at  Raveningham,  in  Norfolk,  and  now  re- 
moved to  this  place.    The  history  of  the 
college  was  related  with  much  minutenesB 
by  Mr.  Manning  from  the  original  deeds 
and  charters  relating  to  the  college,  now 
in  his  possession.    From  these  it  appeared 
that  the  translation  was  retarded  princi- 
pally by  the  opposition  of  the    nnns   of 
Bangay,  who  were  impropriators  of  the 
parish  church,  and  was  not  fully  effected 
till  the  year  1393.    After  detailing  the 
subsequent  history  of  the  college  to  the 
Dissolution,  and  thence  to  the   present 
time,  Mr.  Manning  observed  that  although 
the  ruins  afforded  but  little  information 
as  to  the  arrangement  of  the  buildings, 
and  the  uses  to  which  the  several  parts 
were  applied,  they  were  fortunately  able 
to  ascertain,  in  greater  measure  than  usual, 
much  of  the  domestic  economy  of  the  esta- 
blishments and  the  progress    of    affiurs 
under  the  management  of  the   fellows^ 
from  the  existence,  in  his  own  possession, 
of  six  folio  volumes  of  MS.  accounts  of 
their  receipts  and  expenditure  from   the 
reign  of  Henry  IV.  to  the  Dissolution. 
Some  of  the  most  remarkable  entries  have 
been  collected  together  and  printed    in 
the  sixth  volume  of  the  Journal  of  the 
ArchsBological  Institute;  but  the   series 
are  worthy  of  being  printed  entire.     The 
fabric  expenses  and  decorations  run  over 
several  years  of  the  reign  of  Henry  IV. 
A  gilt  cap  and  cross,  vestments,  and  other 
ornaments,  were  purchased  for  the  chapel 
in  1407  at  a  cost  of  £25,  a  oonsidermble 
sum  in  those  days.    John  Mason  and  his 
men  were  at  work  at  the  chapel  for  ninety* 
nine  days  in  1408-9,  and  John   Lokere 
and  his  men  for  ninety-five  dayii  Freestone 
came  from  Yarmouth  to  Beccles  by  water, 
and   from   thence   by  land  carriage    to 


186L]     Somersetshire  Archmol  and  Nat,  ffist.  Society, 


647 


Mettingbam  t  tkbdcstone^  perhaps  marble, 
came  from  Norvicli«  New  «tallB  were  con- 
■tmcted,  for  whicb  one  of  the  chaplains 
went  ovtjr  to  Lynn  and  Cnfitte  Acre  to  find 
m  good  model  in  1414.  In  the  eaine  jear 
we  find  twelve  etUJiein  mnde  (housings  or 
tiiehes)  for  imiige»  of  the  twelve  apostles^ 
nt  a  cQj^t  of  £6  3s.  4d.  John  Uolgate 
mnde  the  images,  and  Thomas  of  Yar- 
mouth, or  lliomos  Bussham  of  Yarmoath, 
WAS  a  carver  and  painter  who  made  images 
with  tiibemacles,  and  a  tabula  for  the 
higti  nltur  for  not  less  than  £37  40.  8<l. 
These  entriea  are  the  more  interesting^ 
hecau^  tbey  leud  u&  to  attribute  the 
I  ■ereen-pain tings  luid  wood*carving,  which 
•o  abounded  fonnerly  in  the  churches  of 
those  oonntieSk  to  local  artists,  and  not  to 
Flemings,  as  is  scmietimcs  conjectured.  Iq 
Ml 5  an  organ  was  brought  from  Boston 
to  Lynn,  und  frova.  Lynn  to  Mcttingham, 
the  carriage  of  which  cost  &s,  l^d.  It 
was  not  till  1415-16  that  Biihop  Waltering, 
of  Norwich,  came  and  dedicated  the  church  j 
and  in  1418-19  his  snfihigan  came  and 
dodicatod  two  altars.   Of  articles  of  church 


furniture  aiid  YCBtments  the  notices  are 
very  numerous;  niuraination  was  carried 
on  in  the  college,  and  frequent  [vaymciits 
ore  recorded  to  William  Lominowr,  or  the 
IlluminAtor,  for  writing  and  painting  books 
in  gold  and  colours.  The  extract*  quoted 
by  Mr.  Manning  were,  he  said,  all  from 
the  first  volume  of  the  Accoutits ;  but  nt 
a  future  time  he  hoped  to  be  able  to 
compile  another  papiT  on  them. 

From  Mettingham  the  archocologiats 
jonmeyed  to  £arsham  Church,  Norfolk, 
the  details  of  interest  in  whichi  as  wel!  us 
in  the  neighbourhood,  were  pdnted  out 
by  Mr.  B*  Wotjdward,  in  wlioie  opinion 
the  churchy  the  walk  of  which  might  date 
anterior  to  the  Conquestj  was  situated 
close  to  the  site  of  two  Roman  cemeteries 
and  a  Saxon  pagan  temple. 

At  this  place  the  day's  perambulation 
closed.  The  company  returned  to  Bungay, 
and  in  the  evening,  to  tbo  number  of 
near  fifty  ladies  and  gentlemen,  under 
the  prcwdency  of  the  Rev.  Lord  Arthur 
Hervey,  sat  down  to  an  excellent  diuner 
at  the  King's  lleud  lloteL 


SOMERSETSHIRE  ARCE.EOLOGICAL  ANB  IfATUEAL 
HISTOEY  SOCIETY. 


^crtJ.  18.  At  a  conversazione  meeting 
of  this  Society,  held  in  the  Musenm  of 
Taunton,  on  tlie  18th  inst.,  under  the 
presidency  of  F.  W.  NswroJf,  Esq.,  the 
Sherirr,  W,  W,  Munckton.  K*«i-, 
I  a  paper  on  some  Roman  and  Auincnt 
British  remains,  recently  discovered  in 
the  ncigblxnirluxKl  ot  Curry  Rivell,  and 
gave  a  detailed  account  of  tiie  ground- 
plan,  &Cn  of  a  ^^>nmn  villa  in  the  parish 
of  High  If  am,  near  Langport«  the  tease- 
lated  pavements  of  which  were  lately 
brought  to  hght  through  the  draining 
operntioua  carried  on  in  the  field.  Mr. 
Mu  nek  ton  said  that — 

"  In  the  middle  of  September  last, 
having  received  *ome  iuformation  of  the 
«ust«moo  of  what  was  thought  to  bo 
'  tMMlat^  pavement,  at  Sams's  Cross,  we 
i  look  the  earliest  opportunity  of  visiting 
the  s[>at,  and  having  satisoetl  0UT«elT4Sfl 
that  it  was  the  remains  of  a  pavement,  the 
foUowitig  days  were  engaged  in  having  it 
uncovered.    Two  of  the  rooms  contained 


tesselatetl  floors,  the  largest  being  twenty- 
one  feet  nine  inches  by  ieventecn  feet, 
and  the  other  seventeen  feet  by  nine  feet. 
Thi-y  communicate  with  each  other,  llio 
small  room  is  to  the  south.  The  tesseno 
of  the  large  rtxim  are  comiMHM>d  of  blue 
and  white  Tus,  each  alioiit  three-quarters 
of  an  inch  square.  In  the  small  room 
they  are  of  bloc  and  white  lias,  and  red 
brick,  each  tessera  about  1ml f  an  inch 
stjuare.  The  floort  are  eighteen  inches 
beneath  the  uurfrtce.  The  walls  surround- 
ing  them  are  alioat  two  feet  in  thicknt-as, 
and  in  some  piirta  they  are  broken  up. 
Between  the  two  rooms  there  ore  the 
remains  of  a  wall  of  a  similar  thickness. 
In  the  middle  of  this  wall,  projecting  into 
the  large  room,  are  stones,  fi>rming  the 
segment  of  a  circle,  and  having  the  ap- 
pearance of  the  base  af  a  pillar.  Portions 
of  phistcr,  adoureti  red,  were  on  it,  as 
weU  as  on  the  waits  of  both  rooms.  Tho 
teaseriD  are  set  tn  a  bed  of  concrete,  com- 
posed of  lime  and  sand,  and  about  two 
inches  in  thickuess,  which  rests  on  the 
natural  soil,  vix,  rubble  white  lias*  There 
are  widU  muuing  from  these  rooms  in  uu 


648 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  Intelligencer. 


[Dec. 


easterly  direction.  Lying  on  the  tesserae 
were  renaains  of  tiles,  made  of  the  lias- 
rock  of  the  neipblwurhood.  Portions  of 
slatp,  like  the  Wiveliscombe  slate,  were 
also  found  alx)ut  there.  In  the  small 
room,  driven  through  the  floor  in  the  east 
corner,  were  the  remains  of  a  pot  of  black 
ware,  and  a  few  bones  of  animals.  At 
one  hundrc<l  feet  in  a  south-west  direction 
firom  the  villa  were  found  remains  of 
walls  of  other  buildings.  At  the  south- 
west end  of  this  excavation  is  a  narrow 
pftve<l  walk,  with  a  floor  paved  with  rough 
pavement  of  lias  stone.  Near  there  we 
found  a  quantity  of  charcoal  and  tiles. 
Below  this,  again,  there  was  another  foun- 
dation, al)out  seventeen  feet  in  length, 
where  we  found  coins,  bronze  pin,  ruddle, 
red  plaster,  and  tesseraj  of  blue  and  white 
lias  and  red  brick.  Al)out  two  hundred 
feet  from  the  villa,  also  in  a  southerly 
direction,  a  well  was  found,  about  two 
feet  eight  inches  in  diameter,  and  nineteen 
feet  in  depth.  It  is  walled  up  from  the 
bottom  with  regular  masonry.  It  was 
filled  for  the  first  three  feet  with  rubble 
stone  of  buildings,  amongst  which  were 
found  the  portion  of  a  bronze  torque,  and 
a  small  portion  of  a  hamstone  trough; 
for  the  next  six  feet  we  found  animal 
remains,  such  as  the  bones  of  oxen,  stags* 
heads  and  antlers,  intermixed  with  earth; 
and  below,  to  the  bottom,  were  stones 
and  broken  pottery,  amongst  which  were 
again  a  quantity  of  animal  bones,  a  piece 
of  wood,  apparently  alder  wood,  burnt  at 
one  end,  and  a  part  of  two  handles  of 
a  wicker  basket.  About  an  acre  and  a- 
balf  of  the  field  are  filled  with  Roman  re- 
mains. On  the  other  side  of  the  gorge,  in 
a  westerly  dire<;tion,  in  different  fields,  we 
found  traces  of  building,  such  as  red 
plaster,  ruddle  and  black  pottery.  In  all 
the  places  we  have  examined  quantities  of 
iron  slag  and  flints  were  found ;  and  near 
the  escarpment  of  the  hill,  overlooking 
the  primeval  Hay  of  Langjwrt,  we  found 
remuins  of  a  hut-circle,  with  charcoal  and 
boiios  at  the  bottom.  At  the  Windmill 
Hill,  descending  into  the  valley  to  the 
AlU;r  turnpike-gate,  are  evident  traces  of 
earth worku,  terraces,  &c.  Some  black 
pott«ry  has  been  found  in  a  field  above 
the  hamlet  of  Wearn,  and  not  far  from 
this  HjMjt,  and  also  bclow^  Wearn,  towards 
l^ngjwrt.  In  consequence  of  the  lateness 
of  the  season  the  excavations  were  not 
carried  so  far  as  we  could  wish." 

A  correct  and  elaborate  drawing  of  this 
pavement  has  been  made  at  the  expense  of 
the  Society,  which  is  now  deposited  in 
the  Museum. 


The  Rer.  F.  Warre  said  tbat  he  bad  no 
doubt  this  villa  was  the  residence  of  a 
Roman  country  gentleman  of  small  for- 
tunc  but  competent  means,  which  was 
destroyed  when  the  great  ware  of  West- 
Saxon  invasion  rushed  tbrongh  the  district 
from  the  east,  and  drove  the  Romano- 
British  to  the  fastnesses  of  Devonshire. 
Very  vague  ideas  were  entertained  relative 
to  the  state  of  society  at  that  time.  We 
talked  of  our  ancestors  as  if  they  were  a 
race  of  savages,  but  the  Romans  had  oc- 
cupied this  country  for  four  hundred 
years,  and  had  brought  with  them  a  high 
degree  of  civilization,  and  when  the  great 
irruption  of  northern  barbarians,  known 
by  the  name  of  Saxons,  took  place,  the 
people  of  this  country  were  not  at  all 
savages,  but  civilized  Christians.  Tlie 
country  was  dotted  all  over  with  beautiful 
villas,  and  the  barbarians  carried  fire  and 
sword  before  them,  nearly  if  not  quite 
destroying  the  civilized  race,  the  Romano- 
British,  though  he  believed  the  war  was 
carried  on  gallantly  and  in  a  scientific 
way.  The  battle  of  Llongborth  had  been 
mentioned  as  baring  been  fought  at 
Portsmouth,  but  this,  for  several  reasons, 
he  considered  an  erroneous  supposition. 
Military  earthworks  were  found  here  on 
both  sides  of  the  river,  and  this  villa 
which  Mr.  Munckton  had  investigated 
was  within  a  mile  and  a-half  of  that  place, 
and  on  the  side  that  the  Saxons  would 
make  a  rush.  Looking  at  the  ground,  he 
had  not  the  slightest  doubt  that  this  was 
the  site  of  one  of  the  unfortunate  Roman 
villages,  the  residence  of  small  country 
gentlemen,  destroyed  by  the  wave  of  the 
W^est- Saxon  invasion.  The  horns,  &c., 
were  doubtless  used  for  the  adommeot  of 
halls  and  staircases,  as  they  were  seen  in 
the  present  day.  Pointing  to  an  urn  on 
the  table  before  him,  he  said  that  its 
characteristics  were  purely  British,  though 
he  wouhl  not  venture  to  say  that  it  was 
early  British,  because  the  pottery  itself 
was  of  finer  texture  than  was  usually 
found  ;  but  he  was  sure  it  was  not  Saxon. 
It  was  clear  that  the  whole  of  the  district 
had  been  occupied  by  the  British  before 
the  Roman  invasion,  and  that  these  frag- 
ments were  decidedly  specimens  of  early 


1861.]      Somersetshire  Archmol.  and  Nat.  Hist.  Soeieiy. 


649 


BritiHli  pottery.  Ttio  cliickcn  bones  wore 
cottiTDun  eiiODgh,  and  po^iblj  their  being 
placed  as  thej  were  arose  from  fome  ttipeiN 
t!bitioii»  feeling  ;  in  the  mane  way  that 
the  North  Amerioin  Indiana  buried  with 
their  dead  the  arms  of  the  deceased,  sup- 
posing that  they  wotdd  riio  to  live  ugaiD 
and  wontd  require  such  things.  He  had 
not  the  Want  doobt  that,  as  thej'  went  on 
Investigating  the  country,  they  woohl 
find,  not  otily  Rcmano- British,  bat  uarly 

L^primitive  British  remains. 

Tlio  Rev.  W.  T.  Redfem  read  a  pfti>er 
ni  the  Hintoric  Uecords  of  Tnunton  St. 

iJanjcs,  preserved   in  the  vestry  of  that 
chiireli. 

The  Itov.  W.  A.  Jones,  M.A.,  tlien  gavo 
an  ftcconnt  of  the  circunutances  in  which 
be  hail  discovered  the  large  collection  of 
jincient  pottery  lately  presented  to  the 
Miu$«mn.  Having  heard  through  Mr. 
tTcluaan  that  some  pieces  of  pottery  bad 
I  dug  up  in  excavating  for  the  founda- 
tion of  a  bridge  on  the  Tnunton  and 
Wutchet  Hiiilway, near Norton-FitK warren, 
Mr,  .Joiuts  visited  the  spot,  and  from  the 
iafonu»tion  supplied  by  the  foreman  of 
the  works,  he  wus  led  to  expect  that,  when 
ibe  works  in  progress  had  advanced,  some 

l^iscovericB  of  iniportance  would  be  made. 
Accordingly,  a  few  days  aft^r,  with  a 
arty  of  young  arehax)logist«,  anpplicd 
with  all  the  necessary  applinneos,  he  found 
his  way  to  a  field  about  half  a  mile  the 
other  side  ot  the  village  of  Xorton,  and 
north-west  of  the  luunent  British  t-aujp 
above  the  church.  Ihe  railway  pns^ei 
through  the  tkld  atid  on  the  same  levels 
but  the  excttvatiovift  carriwl  on  in  thi?  field 
on  thr  Tiorth  of  th^linc,  for  ballast* gravel, 
^  light  the  dcpunit  in  which  these 

i !  irchttxdngieal  rem'iins  were  di»* 

covered.  1'he  section  thus  snpplii'd  wtw 
clear  and  distinct.  Under  the  green  sod 
there  was  a  ■tratutu  of  the  alluvial  marls, 
whidi  oonstituteti  the  characteristic  soil  of 
Taunton  Dean,  about  eigliteen  inchest  in 
depth  J  below  this  iinother  stratum  closely 
nllied,  but  somewhat  lighter  in  colour, 
alHitit  one  foot  in  depth  ;  then  came  a  bed 
of  cherty  gravd,  niiKtHl  with  marl  and  clay, 
closely  reseaibling  LhcdejKMit  in  ^hleh  the 
retnsjns  of  tho  rhiniH^ros  had  bci^o  ft>und 

OiKT*  Mao.  Vol,  iXll, 


at  Tatinton  fljol,  and  he  believed  identical 
with  it ;  and  under  this  the  older  drift 
gravel  l»eds  (consisting  chiefly  of  wnter- 
worn  pebble*  of  the  Devonian  rocks), 
which  cover  large  areas  between  the 
Quantock  hills  and  B)agdon.  Immedi- 
ately under  the  upper  bed  of  alluvial 
mtirls,  and  pairing  down  into  the  clierty 
gravel  beds,  aomewhat  in  the  shnpe  of  an 
inverted  cone,  or  rather  the  Roman  capi- 
tal U,  a  deposit  of  block  earth  with  char- 
coal rande  its  appearjince  in  this  natural 
sec  I  ion .  I  n  t  hi  s,  all  t  h  e  pi  it  tery  w  m  found, 
A  moment's  examination  proved  that  this 
was  no  other  than  a  ditch  into  which  the 
inhabitants  of  the  district  had  shot  their 
broken  pottery,  Notwithstnnding  this,  it 
was  with  great  care  the  whole  ma*s  of 
earth  wan  eiccavatcd^  and  charaiHeristic 
portions  of  more  than  one  hundred  vas^ 
and  urns  were  extracted.  It  was  lomg 
after  sonset  before  the  investigation  was 
completed,  and  a  large  wheelbarrow  full 
of  ancient  p-ottery  was  an  ampk  recom- 
pnce  for  the  toil  and  labour  of  the  day. 

Mr.  Jonci  specially  ditcclel  attention 
to  the  great  variety,  alike  as  to  form,  size, 
and  material,  which  the  collection  pre* 
scnted.  There  were  examples  of  ware  of 
the  simplest  charqcters,  and  snch  as  would 
be  nsed  for  cKjmmou  hou*ehold  purposes  i 
there  were  also  others  of  solid  c<r>nst ruction, 
with  fluted  ornamentations^  which  would 
imply  vases  of  larger  siae ;  while  aoroe  of 
them  were  small,  light,  and  most  elegant 
in  form  and  proptartions.  Tlie  most  im- 
portant features,  however,  and  those  which 
threw  most  light  upon  the  origin  of  this 
mass  of  broken  potten^',  were  the  cracked 
and  distorted  portions  of  vases,  of  which 
several  cxam^iles  were  exhibited.  Such 
fr.igments  would  not  have  been  removed 
very  fnr  from  the  place  in  which  the  vases 
had  been  raunufnciurwl.  From  these  con- 
siderations Mr  Jones  concludi  d,  that  all 
the  examples  before  them  were  either 
hn>kt  u  in  the  manufacture  or  rejected  as 
failures  ;  and  tliat  the  field  in  whieh  they 
weie  found  wss  the  site  of  a  manufactory 
of  earthenware,  probably  of  tlie  Romano- 
British  period.  The  great  antiquity  of 
the  deposit  was  clearly  shewn  by  the 
tbicknosa  of  the  aUaviftl  marl  overlying  it, 

ii 


■Mf-m^'- 


650 


Antiquarian  and  Literary  IntelHgencer. 


[Dec. 


the  portion  immediately  over  the  black 
earth  containing  the  pottery  conld  not  be 
distingnislied  from  that  which  covered  the 
'drift  gravel  beds.  The  character  of  the 
pottery  itself  likewise  indicated  its  age. 

The  great  value  and  interest  of  the  col- 
lection was  then  described,  as  arising  from 
the  fact,  that  it  supplied  a  number  of 
types  both  as  to  form  and  material,  which 
were  thas  known  to  have  been  manufac- 
tured in  the  same  place  and  about  the 
same  time.  Proofs  were  then  advanced 
that  from  this  locality  other  districts  were 
probably  supplied  with  earthenware.  The 
firagment  of  ancient  pottery  discovered  by 
the  late  Mr.  Baker,  of  Bridgwater,  at 


Huntworth,  near  that  place,  more  than 
twenty-three  feet  below  the  present  level, 
was  compared  with  portions  found  at  Nor- 
ton, and  appeared  to  be  of  the  tame  make ; 
80  also  did  a  fragment  of  pottery  brought 
by  Mr.  Munckton,  among  the  Roman  and 
other  remains,  from  the  neighboorbood  of 
Curry  RivelL  As  yet  no  in^caUons  of 
the  exact  position  of  the  kiln  and  other 
buildings  had  been  disoovered;  bnt  now 
that  the  attention  of  archsDoIo^ata  had 
been  specially  directed  to  the  spot»  he 
hoped  that  before  long  other  fiicts  would 
come  to  light  to  confirm  and  illustrate  the 
ancient  tradition  of  the  antiquity  and  im- 
portance of  Norton-Fitxwarren. 


SURREY  ARCHJEOLOGICAL  SOCIETY. 


Oct.  5.  We  stated  some  time  ago  ■  that 
the  site  of  Chertsey  Abbey  bad  been  pur- 
chased by  Mr.  T.  R.  Bartropp,  one  of  the 
Hon.  Sees,  of  the  Surrey  Archaeological 
Society,  with  the  view  of  thoroughly  ex- 
amining the  ground.  The  excavations 
have  been  carried  on  with  much  vigour, 
under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Martin  Shur- 
lock,  the  IochI  Secretary  of  the  Society, 
and  Mr.  S.  Angell,  architect,  and,  on  the 
day  above  named,  the  gentry  of  the  neigh- 
bourhood, and  all  others  interested  in  an- 
tiquities, were  invited  to  meet  at  the  site, 
when  the  Council  of  the  Society  was  in 
attendance  to  exhibit  what  had  been  dis- 
oovered, and  to  point  out  what  still  re- 
mains to  be  done. 

The  foundation  of  Chertsey  Abbey  is 
ascribed  to  Frith  wold,  a  ruler  in  Surrey 
under  Wulphere  of  Mcrcis,  circa  666. 
Like  most  similar  establishments,  it  was 
ruined  by  the  Northmen,  and  being  re- 
built by  Edgar  in  964,  it  was  by  him  as- 
signed to  the  Benedictines,  who  possessed 
it  until  the  Dissolution.  Some  excava- 
tions were  made  on  the  site  in  1855,  which 
prod'jced,  among  other  things,  a  collection 
of  encauHtic  tiles  (now  in  the  Architec- 
tural Museum  at  South  Kensington),  bnt 
neither  the  remains  then  discovered,  nor 
those  more  recently  brought  to  light,  be- 
long to  the  Saxon  era.     They  are  all  from 

•  GsKT.  1L40.,  July,  1861,  p.  71. 


the  next  building  in  order  of  soooession, 
erected  under  Abbot  Hugh,  of  Winchester, 
a  relative  of  King  Stephen,  in  1110.  This 
latter  church  had  additions  made  to  it 
from  time  to  time,  as  the  sculptured  frag- 
ments which  have  been  exhumed  are  of 
periods  varying  from  the  Norman  to  the 
late  Decorated,  by  far  the  hunger  portion 
being  Early  English. 

Unlike  many  other  abbeys,  Chertsey 
makes  little  figure  in  history.  The  prin- 
cipal incidents  recorded  are  the  burial 
there  of  King  Henry  Vl.,  after  his  death 
in  the  Tower  of  London,  and  the  sabse- 
quent  removal  of  his  remains  to  Wind- 
sor. On  the  former  occasion  the  body 
was  brought  by  water  at  an  expense  of 
£24  148.  5|d.  for  conveying  and  attending 
the  body  from  the  Tower  to  St.  Fanl's  Ca- 
thedral, and  thence  to  Chertsey,  indnding 
wax,  linen,  spices,  and  other  ordinary  ex- 
penses;  and  £8  12s.  3d.  for  obseqvys  and 
masses  at  London  as  well  as  Chertsey. 
In  the  year  1537  the  abbey  and  its  pos- 
session were  surrendered  to  Henry  VIII., 
and  the  monks  removed  to  Bisham,  bot  in 
the  following  year  Bisham  also  was  sur- 
rendered to  the  King.  From  that  period 
to  almost  the  present  time  the  boildings 
of  the  abbey  have  been  the  stone-qoarry 
of  the  neighbourhood.  In  the  rei^  of 
Charles  II.  the  site  was  granted  to  Sir 
Nicholas  Carew,  Master  of  the  Bw^- 
hounds,  who  erected  a  "  fiur  booie^  oat  of 


1861. ] 


Worcester  Architectural  Society. 


6Sl 


the  ruliin;  whicb,  aft^r  pausing  through 
vnrioua  hiinda^  was  putl(>d  down  about 
1810,  and  the  materials  sold  and  db- 
eraed.  The  level  of  the  virhole  of  the 
ifl  H4iid  to  have  been  raised  bv  the 
uterialfl  from  the  abbey,  and  there  are 
hut  few  inhabitants  of  the  neighbourhood 
wlio  cannot  shew  the  inqaircr  either  tilea 
or  sculptured  itone»  which  must  onee  liave 
Monged  to  its  church  or  buUdiugs, 

On  vtHtting  the  site  of  the  abbey  on  the 
d:iy  in  question^  the  whole  field  was  seen 
covered  with  mounds  of  a  whitish  schI,  in 
the  midst  of  which  was  erected  a  hirge 
tent,  in  which  were  displayed  the  results 
of  the  excavations,  consisting  of  portions 
of  sculptured  stone,  beautifully  coloured 
and  gilt ;  large  quantities  of  painted  glws, 
mostly  of  the  time  of  Edward  I.;  pieoosof 
the  leading  of  the  windows;  an  ancient 
cltAtelaine,  and   keys  of  v»;ry  early  date ; 
various  eoins  in  gold,  silver,  and  copperi 
I' and  of  aU  dates;  tiles  of  the  various  pat- 
terns  already  known,  as  well  as  new  ones 
dittoovcred  in  the  present  cxcairatiom ;  and 
'*l>a  the  wulls  were  dmwinga  and  photo* 
grapha  of  the  excavations  during  their 
progreaa,  shewing  the  various  objects  dis- 
covered im  titu^  a  series  of  drawings  by 
^  ilr.  Shurlook  of  the  vaHmia  patterns  of 
rtho  tllei^&nd  a  plan  by  Mr,  Samuel  Angel1» 
'irchitect,   of   the   church   and   buildings 
^  AS  at  present  discovered,     Tlie  church,  ac- 
cording to  the  present   cxcavutiuna,  was 
'  iibout    172   feet  toog   by   63   feet  wide. 
There  wore  tliree  mpaea  to  the  east,  the 
centre  forming  probably  a  Lady -chapel ; 
in  the  south  aisle  are  two  recesses  with 
F  much-* worn  steps^  apparently  the  positions 
F  of  shrines,     M&ay  iuterments  have  taken 
plaot  itbiide  the  church,  some  in  Furbeck 
^marble  coffins,  and  others  in    a   sort    of 
rirroQght -stone  vault  aboot  the  size  of  a 
}  eolBn  }  but  by  hx  the  larger  number  have 


been  found  immediately  without  the  waPs. 
Immediately  in  the  centre  of  the  church 
woa  diioovercd  a  Furbeck  mnrhle  cofBn, 
still  undisturbed,  with  a  skeleton  (of  a 
priest)  entirely  enveloped  lo  lead,  at  the 
left  shoulder  of  which  was  a  met-al  chalice 
and  paten.  The  whole  of  the  south  side  ts 
mnch  less  disturbed  than  the  other  porta, 
and  its  partial  preservation  is  probably 
owing  to  its  having  been  the  poaition  of 
one  of  the  terraeea  of  the  abbey-house. 
Without  the  wall  of  the  churchy  on  the 
south  side,  are  the  reronins  of  an  extensive 
building,  poesihly  either  the  cloisters  or 
the  chapter-house.  The  stone  seat  nm> 
ning  round  this  building,  and  snpi^Kjrting 
a  series  of  Furbeck  mjirble  bases,  forming 
an  arc  ide,  is  in  an  undisturlK**!  state,  as 
are  alBO  the  baaes^  and  In  one  iniitancc  a 
portion  of  the  sliafl  of  the  columns- 

Sonie  of  the  most  interesting  objecta 
presented  to  the  view  are  the  riohly  sculp- 
tnred  Purbeek  marble  caps  of  these  co- 
lumns, the  trefoil  ornaments  of  whicb  sr© 
interspersed  with  representations  of  li^iirda 
and  wiverns,  and  many  in  so  perfect  a 
condition  that,  without  knowing  to  the 
contrary,  it  is  more  e«iiy  to  believe  that 
they  have  just  left  the  chisel  of  the  artist 
than  that  they  have  been  buried  lotne 
hunilreds  of  years. 

The  whole  of  the  excavations  to  the 
present  time  have  been  executed  at  a  coat 
of  little  over  £40,  and  it  is  mnch  to  b« 
hoped  that  funds  will  be  fonod  to  enable 
them  to  continue  the  works,  and  discover 
the  western  doorway  of  the  church,  and 
the  other  side  of  the  building  already 
mentioned,  partially  excavated  on  the 
South  side  of  the  church.  Subscriptions 
are  received  by  Messrs.  Cocks  and  Uid- 
dtilph,  the  bankers,  as  well  as  by  the 
Hon,  Sees,  of  the  Society,  both  in  London 
and  at  Chert  §<  v. 


WORCESTER  ARCHITECTUR;VL  SOCIETY. 


The  following  statements  in  the  lie- 
I  port  of  this  Society  respecting  the  works 
rmt  the  Cathedral,  and  at  Malvcm  Priory 
f  Church,  were  omitted  from  want  of  space 
^  last  month  : — 

*'  The  works  of  the  cathedral  are  pro- 


gressing mpidly ;  the  parts  now  in  hand 
being  the  north-east  transept  and  the 
north  side  of  the  choir.  The  restoration 
^{  the  south -iost  transept  ba^  been  com- 
pleted by  the  removal  of  the  Itidian 
arches,  erected  in  tlie  lost  century  to 
strengthen  that  portion  of  the  biuldlng. 


652 


AfUiquarian  and  lAterary  Intelligencer. 


[Dea 


The  wall-arcacle  which  extendi  roond  the 
eatftem  portion  of  the  cathedral  has  been 
thoroughly  repaired,  and  the  defective 
parts  made  good.  This  arcade  has  been 
continat- d  along  the  blank  wall-space  be- 
neath the  east  window,  but  with  Purbeck 
marble  instead  of  stone  shafts.  The  com- 
mittee cannot  but  think  that  a  richer 
treatment  should  have  been  adopted  for 
this  important  position ;  and  the  central 
compartment,  formed  by  omitting  one  of 
the  shafts,  as  at  the  end  of  the  north-cast 
trunsept,  has  a  meaningless  effect  here; 
for  whilst  it  might  be  supposed  to  be  in- 
tended for  the  reception  of  an  altar-table, 
its  absurdly  inadequate  size  for  such  a 
purpose  at  once  negatives  the  supposition. 
The  cumbrous  seventeenth-century  monu- 
ments which  st  Kxl  beneath  the  eastern- 
most arches  of  the  Lady -chapel  have  been 
removed  to  the  west  end  of  the  nave, 
where  thoy  are  even  more  obtrusive  and 
unsightly  than  they  were  in  their  former 
position.  It  is  much  to  be  regretted  that 
the  arcade  in  the  eastern  bays,  which  has 
been  nearly  destroyed  by  the  erection  of 
these  monuments,  has  not  been  restored, 
(for  which  purpose  it  was  thought  the 
monuments  were  removed);  for,  in  the 
event  of  the  Lady -chapel  being  ever  used 
for  occasional  services,  as  in  some  of  our 
cathedrals,  it  would  have  formed  a  con- 
venient backing  to  the  stalls  of  the  clergy 
and  choir;  and  at  the  same  time  have 


preaerred  an  origiiiiil  and  beaatiful  itnie- 
tnral  feature  of  the  bailding,  the  latter 
being  an  object  of  primary  importance  in 
considering  the  restoration  of  an  ancient 
edifice.  The  restoration  of  Malvern  Priory 
Church  is  steadily  progressing.  Since  the 
presentation  of  the  last  annual  repent,  the 
ceilings  of  the  choir,  transept^  and  aiski 
have  been  completed,  and  sacccasfully  de- 
corated with  colour;  the  stone- work  of 
the  windows,  walls,  piers,  &c,  made  good; 
and  contracts  entered  into  for  warming 
and  lighting  the  bailding.  The  valnable 
painted  glass  which  has  gained  socb  re- 
nown for  this  church  haa  been  releaded  by 
ordinary  glaziers,  witboat  any  attempt  to 
arrange  the  pieces  that  have  been  mis- 
placed. To  expend  a  large  snm  upon  oak 
seats,  as  is  intended,  while  the  unique  re- 
mains of  ancient  art  which  adorn  the  win- 
dows remain  uncared  for  and  in  confused 
neglect,  is  an  inversion  of  the  due  order  of 
things,  and  a  misapplication  of  the  term  re- 
storation. The  committee  tmst  that  the 
reredos  and  the  encaustic  tUes  may  receive 
better  treatment,  and  that  these  may  be 
duly  cared  for  before  providin^^  elaborate 
and  expensive  oak  seats,  a  portion  of  the 
work  which  may  well  be  delayed  till  the 
end.  Much  attention  does  not  appear  to 
be  paid  to  the  monuments  and  other 
ancient  remains,  which  are  permitted  to 
lie  in  a  dirty  and  neglected  state." 


YORKSHIRE  PHILOSOPHICAL  SOCIETY. 


Oct,  1.  T.  Allis,  Esq.,  V.-P.,  in  the 
chair. 

T.  S.  Noble,  Esq.,  the  Secretary,  an- 
nounced numerous  presentations  which 
had  been  made  to  the  Society  during  the 
last  few  months. 

On  the  table  was  exhibited  an  excellent 
miscellaneous  collection  of  fossils,  which 
the  Society  had  purchased  for  £55,  and 
which  was  inspected  with  interest  by  the 
members  present. 

Professor  Phillips,  V.-P.,  formerly  secre- 
tary of  the  Society,  was  present,  and  mado 
some  observations  relative  to  the  Society 
and  the  satisfactory  progress  which  it  had 
made  of  late  years.  In  looking  over  the 
gardens  he  found  that  extraordinary  ex- 
ertions had  been  made  there,  and  that  rare 
and  beautiful  plants  had  been  obtained 
and  placed  in  greenhouses.  In  the  mu- 
seum, too,  great  improvements  had  taken 
place,  and  to  render  this  more  interesting 


and  complete  was  no  doubt  still,  as  it  was 
formerly,  the  principal  aim  of  the  Society. 
The  hospitium  he  was  glad  to  see  had 
been  preserved,  and  that  it  had  been  filled 
with  such  a  variety  of  exceedingly  appro- 
priate collections  of  antiquities.  The  new 
rooms  which  had  been  added  to  the  mu- 
seum were  extremely  capacious,  and  af- 
forded ample  space  far  the  Yorkshire  se- 
ries of  fossils  and  the  beautiful  Saurian 
specimens  being  advantageously  exhibited. 
This  was  undoubtedly  a  step  in  the  right 
direction,  and  he  congratulated  the  So- 
ciety upon  the  great  progress  it  had  made 
since  he  left  York. 

The  Rev.  J.  Kenrick  said  he  had  only 
a  few  observations  to  mnHe  upon  the  anti- 
quities presented  that  day.  The  wooden 
coffin,  fonned  of  the  trunk  of  a  tree,  from 
Churchhill,  Selby,  was  found  under  simi- 
lar circumstances  with  those  described  in 
a  communication  which  he  had  formerly 


18G1.] 


Yorkshire  Pkiloiophical  Society, 


653 


Ttiflde  to  the  St>ciety*  The  ukeleton  which 
accompanied  the  present  Bpecirocn  wna 
not  found  in  it,  but  iu  n  simiUr  one  f^otn 
the  winie  8])ot.  The  pamphlet  prettetited 
hy  Dr,  TlinniMm  e<>ii  turned  *ouit*  curiouB 
informntion  ri'spwttn^  one  of  thoee  tutunli 
on  the  Wiltshire  ])own«  which  have  ex- 
^  ^ited  so  much  nticntion  on  the  part  of 
quitiqutiriee.  They  are  of  two  fonn»,  the 
round  harrow  nn<!  the  long  barrow^  That 
fvhich  Dr.  Thuruam  opt  ned  was  of  the 
latter  clftM,  and  of  great  dimensions,  being 
3 IG  feot  long.  The  chief  dii»tinption  be- 
tween the  t1^'x^  claa^ct  waji,  thnt  whOo  the 
rotind  Imrrow  genemlly  contained  per- 
srmul  omnmcnta  and  articles  in  bronise, 
these  are  wholly  wanting  in  the  long  bar- 
row. Pottery  h  found  abundantly  in  the 
round  b«rrow»  rarely  in  the  long  barrow. 
lu  that  opened  by  Dr.  Thumam  were  a 
few  frngmMits  of  the  British  type.  There 
waa  nn  trace  of  the  cremation  of  the  bodies 
intcrreil,  but  the  ikulU  of  two  of  the 
ikeletonB  found  iKjrc  cTideut  mirka  of 
violent  death.  Dr.  Thurnaui  conjectures 
that  the  barrow  wna  raitied  oviir  Mome 
Britlih  chiefs  on  whose  griive  bIavcs  or 
captives  had  been  »! might*- rcil.  Th«  btirrit 
btiiies  of  nnhnids  indicated  that  a  sacrifice 
had  aceomjuuiitid  the  intiTmeitt.  Of  the 
two  coins  found  at  Miek  legate  Har,  one, 
which  wtis  in  cxcellout  preservation,  had 
on  the  obvurwj  the  head  of  Suloninti.  wife 
of  llrtllicnuaj  on  the  revcrfte  a  hind,  an 
emblem  not  uncommon  upon  the  coins  of 
thin  empress,  with  the  legend  jrNONi 
coNfiEUVATiiici,  The  other  i*  a  coin  of 
Allcctus,  having  on  the  obveree  the  legend 
J  Mr,  c.  ii.r.RCTTB  P,  F.  Aro. ;  on  the  re- 
vcrtiet  a  female  figure  holding  a  wreath, 
with  Vht!  legend  UETITIa  auo.  As  Allee* 
tns  succeeded  to  the  command  in  Britain 
by  the  murder  of  his  master,  CaruiaiinSt 
A.D.  293,  and  was  himself  slain  A.B.  2D6| 
this  coin  must  have  been  struck  between 
thi'se  yotkrs,  and  in  all  probability  at  York, 
which,  like  Cnmusiut,  he  made  hts  prin- 
cipal re»idenco.  Drake  says,  hut  with* 
out  oirering  any  eviileucei  that  Carausius 
was  |HJssihty  murJered  in  York  or  its 
neigbbourhood ;  and  this  etiujecture  Is 
turned  by  Tiingiird  tnt^^  a  positive  aascr- 
tion  that  the  murder  took  plaoo  at  York. 


To  recover  poMeancii  of  Britain,  ConaUn- 
tius  fitted  out  two  fleeta  at  Boulogne,  one 
of  which  escaping  a  superior  fleet  of  Al- 
Icctus  in  a  fog,  efl'ected  a  landing,  and  the 
usurper  was  slain.  Gibbon,  in  relating 
this  event,  makes  a  remark  which  may 
be  not  unseasonable  at  the  present  mo- 
ment, that  It  "convinced  the  Britons 
that  ti  superiority  of  naval  strength  will 
not  alwiiya  protect  their  oouotry  fram 
a  foreign  invtLsion.'* 

llie  Uev.  T.  Myer«  sagge«ted  that  the 
curioeities  which  could  be  appropriately 
ranged  under  the  head  of  ethnology,  which 
was  now  an  interesting  adenee^  might  be 
ploccil  in  t4  tieparate  room,  to  be  G«11ed 
the  Elhnnlogicrfl  Room.  The  adoption 
of  this  p'tuti  he  thought  woid  J  add  to  the 
interest  of  the  Museum,  which  would  be- 
come as  well  known  for  its  ethnological  as 
for  its  geological  8p<y;imens« 

The  Chairman  wid  it  had  long  been  the 
intention  of  the  council  to  fit  up  some 
such  room  for  ethnological  spedmens.  He 
hoped  they  should  l>e  enabled  to  set  apart 
a  room  for  that  purpose,  for  they  hod 
enough  to  fill  it  with  curioaities  of  that 
particular  etass  referred  to. 

Jfoe.  13.     Tlie  Rev.  T.  Myera^   M»A., 

read  a  paper  on  **  Some  Recent  Reiiearches 
among  the  \' alleys  and  Mountains  of 
Siniii,*'  in  which  he  dwelt  i>arttcular1y  on 
the  inncripttons,  many  hundreds  in  num> 
btr,  that  have  been  noticed  in  tliat  re- 
gion by  English  and  French  travellers; 
and  be  read  a  nuRd>er  of  decipherings  by 
the  Rev.  Blytlie  Hurst,  which  relate  to 
the  roimcloi  and  other  incidents  of  the 
journeys  of  the  Hebrews  through  the 
peninsula*  A  large  and  singuhirly  tiean- 
tiful  diagnim  of  the  great  Pharaonic  in< 
Bcription  was  Interpreted,  variom  odaufed 
views  of  the  scenery  of  this  motmtiinouft 
region  were  shewn*  the  method  of  apply- 
ing the  modem  Arabic  by  Golius's  Lexicon 
was  detailed,  ei^tract«  from  the  works  of 
recent  travellers  were  read  and  commented 
on,  and  au  aectmnt  given  of  the  recently 
discovered  Code*  of  the  Ohl  and  New 
Tcstiimcnt.  presented  to  the  Emperor  of 
Koaaia  by  th«  monks  of  St.  Catheriiw. 


654 


[Dec 


Coritfiiiiontienre  ot  ^slbanittf  ^rliaiu 


\_Corre8pondemU  are  requested  to  append  their  Addrestee,  noi,  unlen  a^reeMttJm 
publication,  but  in  order  that  a  copy  of  the  Gektusmav's  Maoazisx  eomimwa§ 
their  Communications  may  he  forwarded  to  them.'] 

THE  FAMILY  OF  HENZEY. 

Mb.  Ubbak, — On  referriiig^  to  yoar  Magannes  for  November,  1856,  mud  Jaiiiivy, 
1857|  at  the  suggestion  of  a  friend,  I  find  an  incorrect  statement  made  with  rennet  to 
the  family  of  Henzcy.  As  yoor  publication  is  of  an  historical  Datare,  and  therefore  anr 
communication  if  not  accurate  is  worse  than  naeless,  I  beg  to  endoee  yon  the  folloviaf 
correction. 

In  the  Number  of  the  GsinTiEMAir^s  Magazikb  for  January,  1857»  p.  1\  pmt  tat- 
respondent "  Antiquarian"  says,  "  In  reply  to  yonr  correspondent's  query  regardii; 
Sarah  and  Mary  Henzey,  who  married  respectively  Brettell  and  Dixon,  I  am  of  opniaB 
that  they  were  sisters,  for  I  find  that  John  Henzey  had  by  his  wife,  nSe  Whiter  tfatt 
daughters,  Frances,  Mary,  and  Samh,  and  that  Mary  was  married  to  Jonathan  XKna." 

In  the  Number  for  November,  1856,  p.  692,  your  correspondent  "  H.  8.  GL"  mp^ 
'*  The  Henzeys  ...  are  represented  by  the  Pidoocks  of  the  Platts,  .  •  .  the  Brefctdh  d 
Finstall-house,  near  Bromsgrove,  and  the  Dixons,  formerly  of  Dixon'n-green,  Dndkj.*- 
by  the  Pidcocks,  through  the  marriage  of  William  Pidcock  with  Elizabeth,  dssgbte 
of  Thomas  Henzey,  Esq.,  who  died  in  1712 ;  by  the  Brettell%  through  the  mmsft, 
in  1748,  of  Thomas  Brettell,  Esq.,  of  Stourbridge,  . .  .  with  Sarah  Uenxey,  of  BmidcT, 
. . .  and  by  the  Dixons,  through  the  marriage  of  Jonathan  Dixon,  of  Kiddemunita; 
with  Mary  Henzey,  in  1737." 

Now,  Sir,  the  facts  are  as  follows :  I  annex  a  pedigree : — 

Thomas  Henzey  —  Frances,  danffhter  of  Wm.  Croker, 
of  Amblccote,  Staffordshire,  broad-gla58  maker,  who  I  and  nttter  of  Gerard  Croker,  Em^ 
was  buried  ut  Oldswinford,  May  3,  1712.  of  Sandford. 


illei 


Jonhua  ilenzey, 
(eldest  son,)  of  Amblc- 
cote, broadfirlaiMmaker, 


ofIIayIef>tone«,  Arablerote,  broad-glaaa 
maker,  (aocond  son,)  buried  at  Old- 
buried  at  Olddwiiiford,  itwinford,  Feb.  6,  1718.  (An  executor 
Feb.  8,1737-8;  no  issue,  of  his  father.)  Uy  the  death  of  his 
elder  brother,  nis  daughters  became  the 
legal  representatives  of  his  father. 


John  Henzey,  =  Elizabeth  White, 


I 
John  Henzey, 


I 
Frances, 


daughter  (?)  of  Rer, 
Richard  White,  Vicar 
of  Kidderminster,  bu- 
ried at  Oldswinford. 
Sept  20, 1700. 


Other    MM  9 


ter,    __ 
PidBock. 


Jonn  iienzcT,                rrancen,                        Sarah,  Mary  =  Jonathan  Dixon.  Gent.,  of  OU^ 

(only  son,)  (lied  buried   at  Old^win-  buried  at  Oldswin-  ]     hall,  Kidderminster.   tUid  mb' 

aged  7,    buried  ford,  Sept.  23,  1784,  ford,  March  18, 1783,  Captain    OllTer    DizoB.  of  tf^ 

June  11, 1722.  unmarried,  aged  75.  unmarried,  aged  66.  |     otherwise  Dixon'a  Ozecn,  DiA^ 

Susanna,  =  Olircr  Dixon,  Ksq.,  (only  child,)  of  Red  HiU, 
niece  of  T.  Mil  ward,  (mentioned  infra).  I     Oldsiftinford,  Senior  Bencher  of  Gray's  iww 

Sarah,: 


Bev.  John  Hcnzer  Dixon,    Mary  Ann, 
died  unuurricd. 


Thos.  Jervis,    Susannah,  =  Rd.  Harpur. 

Chief  Justice  "     * 

of      Chester 

and  N.Wales 

Circuit,  now 

represented 
by  the  issue  of  his  necond  surriring 
son.  Major  Thos.  Jervis,  of  Lime- 
rick, (elder  brother  of  the  late  Chief 
Justice  of  the  Common  Pleas,)  who 
by  his  wife,  Juliana  Vereker,  niece 
of  Viscount  Gort,  left  6  danghters. 


£J.CA. 


Gcut.,  of 
Oriel  CoU.. 
Oxford,  and 
of  Burton 
Latimer, 
now  repre- 
sented by  their  granddhiU.  G^lv> 
Jerrii  Harpor,  of  B.I.C.B.' 


186L] 


The  Family  of  Hmzey, 


655 


I 


By  tbifl  it  will  be  teen  tbat  the  nbove  Sarab  Henzej  did  mi  marry  BretUll,  na 
aBSUined  by  your  coireepcmdenti),  but  tbat  sbe  diccl  unmctrried. 

Who  the  Siiruh  licnzey  U,  wbo  b  sUted  to  fauve  mfurled  Thooias  BrettcU,  I  do  not 
know.  niii(  Thomas  Brcttell  began  life  (aa  1  have  h(?ard  from  tbo  Milwanl  family)  aa 
frnning  b*itUff  to  tbe  late  Tbonvas  Mil  ward,  Ejkj.,  of  Wolleacotx^,  and  afterwards  became 
A  Buccessful  attorney  at  Stourbridge,  and  piircbased  the  farm  of  Fiugtall.  Of  the 
r^pectabte  family  of  that  name  m  tbe  parish  of  Klngswinfonl  he  is  impHed  by  your 
corrcspoudents  to  have  been  a  relative,  and  probably  waa  ao;  bvit  of  their  descent  from 
any  French  family  of  De  Bretcuillc,  as  there  asserted,  I  have  never  seen  nor  beard  of 
any  evidence:  and  aurely  mere  aB»ertiuii8>  devoid  of  any  legal  evidence,  cannot  be 
a  safe  ground  on  which  to  foand  a  pedigree.  It  wouM  probably  be  interesting  to  some 
of  your  readers  to  know  on  what  evidence  thi»  statement  reats. — I  am,  Ac., 

October,  18G1.  VeeaX. 

ES.  The  following  document  may  be  intercating  to  some  of  your  rendert  as  referring 
to  the  above  branch  of  the  family  of  Henzey  in  connection  with  tbe  important  trade  of 
broad-glass  making  t — 

By  an  indenture  of  ^fay  1, 1703.  between  Benjamin  Perrott  tbe  elder,  of  the  city 
of  Briito),  Bcryamin  Perrott  the  younger,  hit  son  «nd  heir-nppsirent,  on  behalf  of 
tbeinfelves  and  their  servants  John  Hoclgkiss  and  five  others,  of  the  one  part,  and 
Thiocau  Menzey.  John  Uenzey  (both  abo>'e-named),  Edward  Henzi^y  the  elder,  Ananias 
Henzey^  J«»§hua  Henzey.  Samuel,  William,  and  Edward  Tyzack,  Benjamin,  Elijah,  awd 
Hunipliry  Batchelor,  broad-gla^s  makers,  of  the  other  port,  the  Pcrrotts  covenanted, 
not  for  eleven  years,  from  the  25th  July  nest,  to  make,  or  promote  the  making  of 
broftd  or  window-glass,  anywhere  in  Enj^land  except  London,  or  within  ten  mUet 
thereof,  except  what  should  be  made  by  the  aljove  Thomas  Henzey  and  tbe  other 
parties  of  the  second  part,  or  their  children.  There  are  also  covenants  from  MeAsn, 
Heuxey,  Mi'ssrs,  Tyzack,  and  Messrs.  Batch<:lor^  yearly  to  deliver  at  Bewdley  or 
Wribbenhall  to  Messra.  Perrott  forty  cases  of  merchantwhle.  uncut,  brood-glaits^  or 
wiudow'gliiss,  per  annum,  &e. 

Will  yon  allow  me  to  trespass  a  little  further  on  your  spaoe  for  the  piirpose  of 
referring  to  the  origin  of  the  names  of  certain  localttiee  in  the  neighboorhood  of 
Stourbridge. 

BretUU  Lame,  in  tbe  parish  of  Kingswinford,  ia  a  corruption  of  Brit-  Weli,  aa  may 
be  seen  in  old  maps,  including  those  of  StofFordshire  in  Dn  Hot  of  1686,  and  in 
€to»dan*s  Britanma,  by  Gibson,  of  1696.  I  leave  to  etymdogista  tbe  derivation  of 
ibia  name,  which  is  not  an  uncommon  one  in  other  parts  of  England. 

Trehenuff  the  uume  of  a  farm  in  the  parish  of  Pedmore«  belonging  to  tbe  Foley 
Hospital,  has  been  fancifully  derived  fVom  a  sQpposed  heronry  there.  In  an  aascii 
ment  to  the  window-tax  for  Pedmore,  dated  1721,  Richard  IVebeame  ia  aMeased;  tnsm. 
which  it  aeemi  obvious  that  the  farm  derives  it«  name  from  the  tenant. 

6Y<Mt7>oaejr.  the  name  of  a  district  and  popular  inn  in  the  neighlH)urhi>od  of  Stourton 
Castle,  is  given  in  Scitt's  "History  of  Stourbridge  and  its  Vicinity,*'  p.  173,  as  *'  among 
many  inns  bearing  the  name  of  Pony,**  and  from  being  in  "proximity  to  a  celebratetl 
raceptaele  for  fish,  tbe  union  of  the  two  names"  followed:   henoe  the  origin  of 

In  Nouke's  poptiUr  *'  Omrch  Kambler  in  Worceaterahire,"  p,  247,  under  "  Kinver/* 
the  name  is  derived  from  the  Latin  word  Ponie^  and  Siaur^  tbe  name  of  a  imaU  river  in 
that  locality,  thus  making  "  Stour-ponte  j  which  expression,"  he  adds,  "'in  the  language 
of  the  common  people  might  easily  be  pn^nounced  as  *  Stonr-pone,*  and  then  corrupted 
into  *  Stfwponey*  by  dropping  the  r  at  the  end  of  *  Stour ;'  similar  corruptions  being 
constantly  perpetrated  by  unedacated  people.  Tbe  word  *Stewpooy'  may  also  be 
ft  fXHTnption  of  tbe  French  Pout  and  the  word  Stour" 


656 


Correspondence  of  Syhama  Urban. 


[Dec 


Allow  me  to  inggest  a  more  simple,  and  as  it  appears  to  me  a  more  obirioaa^  ortgia  at 
the  word.     In  "  Poor  Robin,"  January,  1685,  is  the  following  ooaplet  z — 

"  Nepenthes'  self,  the  Gods'  own  drink, 
Stepanjf,  nor  Westphalia  Skink." 

Was  Stepanjf  a  "  Diet-drink  ?"  It  is  well  known  that  drinks  so  called,  compoaed  chiefly 
of  herbs,  were  a  common  article  of  sale  throoghoat  the  country,  np  to  m  reeent  period. 
A  hoase  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Stourbridge  still  goes  by  the  name  of  the  "  Diei- 
drink  House." 


BIRTHPLACE  OF  WYCLIFFE. 


Mb.  Urbik, — Tlie  letter  of  Mr.  Cay  arn 
in  the  GEVTLEMAir's  Maoazhvb  for  Oc- 
tober, p.  422,  respecting  the  birthplace  of 
John  Wycllffe,  has  escaped  my  notice  till 
this  moment.  He  has  been  on  my  ground : 
be  has  been  travelling  through  my  native 
village,  Ovington ;  and  amid  scenes  most 
beautiful,  which  are  and  will  continue  to 
be  most  vividly  impressed  upon  my  me- 
mory till  life's  end.  As  a  Yorkshireman 
I  of  course  take  a  lively  interest  in  thb 
question.  I  wish  I  could  advance  proofs 
as  convincing  as  my  bias  is  strong,  in 
favour  of  WycliflTe — near  which  I  was  bom 
and  spent  the  earliest  and  happiest  years 
of  my  life — as  the  birthplace  of  the  great 
reformer.  However  much  we  may  re* 
grct,  we  can  hardly  I  think  wonder  that 
the  place  of  Wycliffe's  birth  is  involved  in 
so  much  uncertainty  and  obscurity,  when 
wc  bear  in  mind  that  our  earliest  autho- 
rity upon  this  historical  point,  and  a  very 
vague  authority  too,  is  Lcland.  Nearly 
the  same  thing  has  happened  to  another 
eminent  Yorkshireman,  bom  two  centuries 
and  a  half  after  Wycliffe, — I  mean  Robert 
8annderson,  Bishop  of  Lincoln.  He  is 
said  to  have  been  born  in  the  parish  of 
Rotherham,  but  he  was  certainly  baptized 
at  Sheffield,  as  the  parochial  registers 
attest.  Here  the  fact  and  the  tradition 
prcjtent  some  discrepancy. 

1.  With  respect  to  a  statement  made 
in  the  "  Guardian,"  to  which  Mr.  Capam 
adverts,  that  Leland's  assertion  that  the 
refurmer  was  bora  at  Spreswcll  hud  been 
recently  corroborated  by  the  discovery  of 
a  village  and  chapel  of  that  name  exist- 
ing at  the  latter  end  of  lust  century,  about 
a  mile  and  a  half  from  WycliiTe,  I  venture 
meo  periculo  to  say  that  no  such  village 
or  chapel  was  ever  known  in  or  near  the 
9 


parish  of  Wjcliffe.  I  have  known  the 
district  thoroughly  from  childhood,  and  I 
never  heard  of  such.  My  brother  knew 
it  for  a  much  longer  period,  and  I  nevx  r 
heard  him  mention  such  a  plmce,  although 
the  question  of  Wydiffe's  birthplace  was 
always  one  of  great  interest  with  him. 

2.  Equally  new  to  me  is  the  tnditioQ 
mentioned  by  Mr.  Capam  aa  existing  at 
Wycliffe,  that  John  Wydifie  was  bom  in 
a  house  which  stood  in  a  field  known  by 
the  name  of  "Sandhams."  1  will  not 
undertake  to  say  that  it  is  or  is  not 
founded  in  truth;  but  Mr.  Capam  was 
unquestionably  misinformed  when  he  was 
told  that  the  high  road  which  formerly 
skirted  it  was  altered  about  five-and- 
twenty  years  ago,  and  carried  through  it. 
No  change  has  taken  place  within  the  last 
fifty  years,  as  I  can  safely  assert,  and  pro- 
bably for  a  much  longer  period. 

3.  LeUnd,  "  Itinerary,"  v.  foL  114,  or 
rather  Stow  in  his  transcript  of  Iceland, 
(MS.  Tanner,  464,)  tells  us,  «  [They]  say 
that  John  Wiclif,  luereticus,  [was  borne  at 
Sprcswell,  a  poore  village,  a  g^ood  myle 
from  Richmont]."  The  words  within 
brackets  are  from  Stow's  transcript.  In 
another  place.  Collect,  iL  p.  329,  be  aays 
the  Reformer  sprang  from  the  village  of 
Wyclif,  some  ten  miles  distant.  Whit- 
aker,  ''  Uichmondshire,"  voL  ii.  p.  41,  in- 
forms us  that  no  such  place  does  or  ever 
did  exist  in  the  ricinity  of  Richmond,  and 
imagines  that  Leland  or  Stow  erroneooaly 
wrote  Spreswell  for  Hipswell,  a  village  at 
the  assigned  distance  from  Richmond. 

4.  Even  the  date  of  Wycliffe'a  birth  is 
by  no  means  clearly  established.  Some 
interesting  remarks  on  this  point  may  be 
seen  in  the  preface  to  Fateiemii  ZUo' 
niarum  Ma^tri  Jokaums   Wjfciff  cmm 


186L] 


Birthplace  of  Wychffe. 


667 


Trifico,  edited  hj  tlic  Rev,  W.  W.  Shirley, 
1858. 

&.  It  ii  w€iU  known  from  history  that 
WyoUffe  WM  It  great  iuppoptar  of  the 
Duke  of  LfLncAfltcr,  who  agniii  caat  over 
hjin»  wpou  ID  ore  than  one  trying  oocaiion, 
the  niiiiitle  of  his  protection.  Identity  of 
prindploe  mfiy  of  course  naturally  be  sup* 
po«ed  to  a  conaidcrohle  extent  to  accoant 
for  the  political  or  poUtico^eccleaiastical 
connection  which  existed  between  John  of 
Qannt  and  the  Refornier.  But  how  nnme- 
rous  are  the  instances  in  which  pablic 
aUianoee  have  been  either  originally  formed 
or  ailerwarde  cemented  by  the  secret  In- 
fltienoea  of  private  friendship  and  social 
intorooiirae*  Kalph  Neville,  of  Baby 
Castle,  first  Earl  of  Westmoreland,  had 
married  for  his  second  wife  Joan,  only 
duaghter  of  the  Duke  of  Lancaster,  who 
oecoHioDally,  doubtless,  visited  his  ill\u* 
trions  relatives.  John  Wycliffe,  on  the 
other  hnndj,  had  made  himself  known 
tbronghont  ChrLateudom  by  the  daring 
boldness  and  originality  of  his  views  upon 
ecclesiastical  matters.  His  birthplace,  (as- 
saming  that  Wycliffe  was  his  birthplace,) 
which  in  after 4ire  ho  would  naturally 
oooaaUmally  at  least  revisit,  was  only  some 
■even  nallas  firom  Raby,  so  that  he  and 
th«  Earl  of  Westmoreland  could  hardly 
lail  to  beeoine  acquainted  with  each  other. 
He  oonld  at  any  time  cn>ss  the  Tees  at 
Wydiffe  iPrt/A,  (I  love  that  good  old  word, 
now  rapidly  becomitig  a  aore  cmx  to  ety* 
mologistSt  by  which  the  ford  across  the 
rocky  bed  of  the  Tees  was  in  my  early 
days,  and  previously  to  the  coust ruction 
of  the  siiiipcnsion-bridi^e  about  half  a  mile 
higher  up  the  river,  always  called),  and  be 
at  Itaby  on  bvitation  from  the  Earl  in 
a  very  short  space  of  time.  And  thus  we 
may  suppose  that  the  great  prinee-statefl* 
man  and  the  no  loss  illustrious  ecelcsias* 
tic  were  drawn  to  each  other  by  the  sym- 
pathetic chords  of  oonuDunion  of  tenti* 
ment  and  of  private  friendship,  formed 
and  streogibened  in  the  baronial  halls  of 
Baby.  This  was  always  a  favourite  spo- 
culntion  with  mj  brother,  who  iraa  in  the 
habit  of  drawing  from  it  a  strong  infereo/OO 


tn  favour  of  the  Reformer's  rfddenoo 
(sometimes  at  least)  and  birth  at  Wyc- 
liffe. 

In  conclusion,  if  there  are  any  of  yomf 
readers,  and  there  mnst  be  many,  who 
have  the  head  and  heart  to  appreciate  tho 
l^cauties  of  nature,  and  the  no  lew  aflSect* 
ing  associations  of  history,  and  who  aro 
strangers  to  the  northern  borders  of  York- 
shire and  the  banks  of  the  Tees,  let  them 
by  all  mean^  make  themsflves  acquainted 
with  this  beautiful  and  interesting  dis- 
trict, Tljcy  should  commence  at  Gain- 
ford,  not  howfver  in  carriages  and  om- 
nibuses but  on  good  shoe-leather,  and 
follow  the  foot'path  till  they  reach  Win* 
ston-bridge;  thence  thc?y  must  descend 
to  the  bed  of  the  Tees,  and  follow  it  along 
all  its  ruck  and  wood,  and  water-fall 
and  stream,  till  they  get  to  Ovugtony 
here  they  must  take  the  private  walk 
through  the  woods  of  Sir  Clifford  Con- 
stable, till  they  come  to  Wycliffe,  whero 
they  will  spend  at  least  four  hours  in 
studying  and  sketching  the  church,  one 
of  the  moet  ba-iutiful  in  the  kingdom; 
that  done,  tbey  should  again  track  the 
Tees  till  tbey  reach  the  poetic  domains  of 
Mortham  Tower,  the  Greta,  and  Rokeby, 
when  the  pencil  will  again  be  hirgely 
called  in  requutition.  After  this,  they  will 
follow  Mr,  Morritt's  private  foot-path  to 
Abbey -bridge  and  Egglestone  Abbey,  on 
the  banks  of  the  Tect;  croea  the  bridgo 
and  walk  through  the  fields  (the  meffict,  aa 
they  are  to  this  day  called — the  demesHea} 
to  Ramard  Castle,  where  one  of  the  fineat 
old  mined  fortresses  in  the  kingdooip 
whoee  situation  is  unrivalled,  awaits  them* 
If  this  is  too  much  for  one  day's  work« 
they  can  eaoly  stay  aU  night  at  the  inn 
at  Qreta^bridge,  and  resume  their  journey 
next  day.  My  departed  friend,  Robert 
Surtees,  of  Mainsforth,  who  had  ejcamiticd 
every  corner  of  the  country,  used  to  aaj 
that  he  knew  nothing  in  England  equal 
to  this  beautiful  scenery. — I  am,  &c 

JOHlf  RlINl. 

Nw,  6, 186L 


QnrT.  Mao,  Vox..  0(7X1. 


4x 


658 


Correspondence  qf  Sylvanus  Urban. 


[Dec 


« AMERICA,  BEFORE  COLUMBUS." 


Mb.  Usbak, — I  read  the  article  in  your 
November  number  thus  headed  with  feel- 
ings of  great  regret.  The  writer  has  simply 
met  with  a  word  the  meaning  of  which  is 
not  clear,  and  because  he  finds  that  cen- 
turies after  the  date  of  the  instances  he 
adduces  a  similar  word  was  applied  to 
a  substance  coming  from  America,  ergo, 
America  was  so  well  known  as  to  have 
contributed  its  produce  in  the  way  of 
trade  at  the  early  period  he  refers  to. 
But  his  difficulty  is  no  new  one,  though  it 
b  quite  new  to  found  so  bold  a  theory 
npon  it.  No  case,  however,  appears  to  me 
to  be  made  out  for  alluding  to  Columbus 
or  America  at  all.  Had  your  contributor 
consulted  the  Framptorium  PctrvtUorum, 
published  by  the  Camden  Society,  or 
the  "Dictionary  of  Archaic  Words,"  by 
Mr.  Halllwell,  he  would  have  seen  there 
was  a  difficulty  in  explaining  what  was 
the  substance  indicated  by  the  word 
"  brasill',"  but  that  its  existence  long  an- 
terior to  the  suppoted  discovery  of  Ame- 
rica was  well  known.  The  able  editor  of 
the  first  book  I  have  named  thus  puts  the 
question  in  a  note: — "It  is  not  a  little 
nngular  to  find  so  many  notices  of  brasil 
wood  considerably  anterior  to  the  dis- 
covery of  Brasil  by  the  Portuguese  cap- 
tain Peter  Alvarez  Capralis,  which  oc- 
curred May  3,  1500.  He  named  it  the 
land  of  the  Holy  Cross,  'since,  of  that  store 
of  wood,  called  Brasill.'  (Purchas's  *IH1- 
grimes/  vol.  i.)  It  is  probable  that 
some  wood  which  supplied  a  red  dye  had 
been  brought  from  the  East  Indies,  and 
received  the  name  of  Brasil,  long  previous 
to  the  discovery  of  America.  In  the 
'Canterbury  Tales'  the  Host  says — 
*  Him  nedeth  not  his  colour  for  to  dien 
With  Braail,  ne  with  grain  of  Portingale.* 

Among  the  valuable  effects  of  Henry  V. 
in  1422  appear  'y.  graundes  peoes  da 
Bracile,  pris  6s.  8d.'  (Rot.  Pari.)  In 
Sloane  MS.  2,584,  p.  3,  will  be  found  direc- 
tions '  for  to  make  brasil  to  florische  lettres 
or  to  rewle  with  bookes.' " 

Mr.  Halliwell  says,  "  It  has  nothing  to 
do  with  the  country  of  that  name  in  Ame- 
rica, having  been  known  long  before  the 


discovery  of  the  New  World.  It  u  men- 
tioned by  Chaucer;  also  in  accounts  of  the 
(hocers'  Company.  1453 :  (Heath,  p.  322  ; 
Harrison's  'Description  of  England,'  p. 


Tour  correspondent  doubtless  declines 
being  influenced  by  the  opinion  of  Mr, 
Way  or  the  conclusion  of  Mr.  Halli- 
well, and  certainly  but  little  appears  to 
indicate  the  substance  termed  "bra- 
sill."  That  it  was  a  dye,  or  pigment,  is 
however  clear.  It  would  certainly  be  de- 
sirable to  trace  the  etymology  of  the  word 
if  possible.  Foreign  authorities  seem  to 
be  no  better  informed  than  our  own, 
though  your  correspondent  does  not  say 
that  either  Cardinal  Wiseman  or  Muratori 
challenged  the  title  of  Columbus  upon 
such  evidence.  Perhaps  neither  would 
have  been  greatly  surprised  to  find  the 
virion  of  a  trade  with  America  in  the  thu> 
teenth  century  fiide  away  before  a  very 
simple  fiict,  that  a  vegetable  substance 
lughly  prized  and  much  sought  for  was 
found  on  the  new  continent  in  such  abund- 
ance that  the  locality  was  named  after  it* 
It  is  simply  an  instance  of  reversing  cause 
and  effect. 

In  medieval  times,  when  the  substance 
was  scarce  and  dear,  (as  I  shall  shew  it 
was,)  probably  every  portion  was  used  to 
obtun  the  precious  colour, — ^root»  bark, 
stalk,  and  seed.  Its  virtues  might  be  ex- 
tracted by  various  processes  applied  to 
these  parts,  which  might  be  boiled  for 
the  dye,  or  g^und  after  roasting  for  the 
colour.  There  are  two  or  three  French 
words  which  express  these  processes,  and 
which  contain  the  word  itself,  e.g.  hraisiU 
Umner,  brarilloner,  hratUler,  to  'roast,' 
'broil,'  or  'seeth,*  (Cotgrave,)  the  last 
fbrm  being  even  now  used  with  the  mean- 
ing to  'sparkle,'  (Spiers).  There  is  also 
abrado,  abroH,  to  'scrape'  or  'pare,'  in 
the  Latin. 

In  the  instances  cited  by  your  con* 
tributor  the  word  stands  among  others 
in  such  a  way  as  to  give  no  idea  of  its 
nature.  The  articles  so  named  together 
are  of  the  most  diverse  characters^  and 
oame  firam  the  most  diverse  parts  of  the 


1861.] 


Ingulf  and  Mr,  Jtiley. 


699 


piropld,  and  tn  most  of  the  oilier  early  iio- 
I  of  it  which  I  have  seen  it  ib  simiUrly 
CireumstQUced.  In  the  following  extract, 
however,  from  n  royal  Household  Acooant, 
16  Edward  III.  (a.d.  1343),  some  duo  U 

'  given  a«  to  it«  scarcity  and  value^  while 
it  evidently  appears  to  have  heen  a 
pigment.     A  tier  an  acoonnt  of  expenses 

|fOf  1>iinn(?ra,  Jtc,  and  ooIoutk  for  painting 
them,  oceurs,^ — "  Et  pro  j.  quarter'  iiniua 
llhri  de  bmsiir,  ij" ;"  then  the  following 
eoloorswiCh  their  prices. — "21b.  vennilion. 


l^;  31b,  white  lead,  12k\-  \  qimrter  of 
aznre,  12^  i  cole^  3'',-  saffron.  3-*;  61h,  of 
candle  of  Paris,  \2A  ;  and  one  quarter  of 
carbeuj  8*/'  Those  were  bought  for  "  ij. 
par*  glasner^  Ij.  par*  araonar',  ij.  par* 
waynpayiWj  6  pen*  forr'  et  ij,  cap«?ll* 
verb*at*  do  argento;*'  tincelled  with  the 
arms  of  Lionel  the  king'ji  son,  and  for 
other  arms  prepared  for  a  tournament.  So 
"brasiir*  was  tu  dear  as  asure,  one  of  tho 
dearest  of  coloors  in  the  year  referred  to. 
X  am,  ^c,        J.  B. 


4 


INGULF  AND  MR.  RILEY. 


turn 


Ha.  Urban,— It  \%  really  a  little  hard« 

hem  one  haa  been  supporting  a  man*s 
position  with  all  one*8  power,  and  doing 
what  one  can  to  advance  bis  credit  in 
ways  than  one^  for  the  same  man 
sharply  round  becHUiN?,  lo  the 
rse  of  such  eupport,  one  points  out 
S  few  incidental  inaccuracies  of  exprea* 
«ion.  Tbi«  is  what  Mr.  Hjley  hai  just 
done  to  me;.  X  made  a  long  tipeeeh  in 
aapport  of  Mr.  Riley's  views  about  In- 
gulf, t  accepted  all  bis  main  points,  1 
ttreagthened  bis  case  by  additional  ar^< 
neutsi  but  for  all  this  1  get  no  thanks, 
tiecause  1  casually  and  good^bumouredly 
priinted  out  a  single  mistuke. 

Ingolf  (i.e.  paeado-lngulf)  turned  Duke 
ii\\)t\%,  fntlier  of  King  Hi9|^h,  Into  a  King; 

r.  IE  i ley  turned  King  Henry,  father  of 
tbc  Kmperor  Otto,  into  an  Emperor.  1 
remarked,  half  sportively,  that  the  mli- 
ttike  of  Ingulf  and  the  mistake  of  Mr. 
Biiey  were  exactly  the  s^me  both  in  kind 
and  degree.  If  Mr,  Riley  were  to  got  up 
and  support  my  views  about  Waltliam,  or 
about  anj'tbing  else,  as  strongly  as  I  sup- 
ported  his  yiewt  about  Ingulf,  and  if  in 
the  coarse  of  so  doing  he  were  to  make 
some  such  little  deduction  as  this,  I  really 
do  nut  tbink  that  I  should  quarrel  with 
him. 

Tin  1  saw  Mr.  Riley's  letter.  I  had 
always  looked  upon  him  as  a  scholar,  not 
iikdeed  a  schokr  like  Dr.  Guest  or  Mr. 
Stubbs,  but  still  a  painstaking  man  whose 
kbourt  were  of  real  valu«.  He  has  now 
done  hi*  best  to  relieve  me  from  this  de* 
bihiou.     If  be  had  held  hii  pc^icc,  or  al- 


io n-ed  that  he  bad,  through  inadvertency, 
fallen  into  a  very  common  mistake,  one 
would  have  thought  no  more  about  it. 
But  Mr.  Eiley  is  not  satisfied  with  so 
doing.  He  says  that,  if  he  errs,  he  errs 
in  good  company,  and  sends  me  to  Wolf- 
gang Meuzel  and  the  **  Penny  Cjclopn?dia" 
to  prove  that  Henry  the  Fowler  was  **  Em- 
peror of  Germany,"  If  Mr.  Riley  really 
does  not  know  the  difTerence  between  an 
Emperor  and  a  King,  if  he  does  not  know 
that,  from  **  Carolus  Augustus,  a  Deo  coro- 
natus,  magnus  et  pacilicus  Romanorum 
Imperator  **  dowrn  to  **  Fnmz  der  Zwcite, 
erwiblter  Rdmiscber  Kaiser,  Konig  in 
Germanien  ond  Jerusalem,"  there  never 
was,  or  could  he,  such  a  thing  as  an  **  Em- 
peror of  Germany/'  I  am  afraid  that  you. 
Me.  Ubba5,  will  not  allow  me  spaco  to 
explain  the  whole  matter  to  him«  X  will 
grant  him  that  to  talk  of  "  Emjjeror  of 
Germany ''  during  tbc  last  century  was  so 
eommcin,  and  iudwd  the  form  is  so  conve- 
nient, that  no  one  would  call  It  a  hlnnder. 
But  it  never  was  a  legal  title,  and  it  is 
quite  another  matter  when  you  go  back 
eight  hundred  yeans  to  Henry,  King  of 
the  East-Franks,  father  of  Otto,  Emperor 
of  the  Romans.  I  really  know  nothing 
and  care  nothing  about  the  blunders  or 
inadvertencies  cither  of  Wolfgang  Mcuzel 
or  of  the  "  Peimy  Cyclopirditt,"  If  Mr. 
Riley  goes  for  Saxon  history  to  such 
sources,  1  do  not.  Mr.  Riley  is  not  an 
Oxford  statute-msker  nor  a  Secretary  of . 
the  I^testant  Alliance.  If  he  were,  one  [ 
could  nndentand  bis  going  to  second  or 
third  hand  writers.     But  Mr.  Riley  bsa 


660 


Correspondence  of  Sf^b>anu$  Urban. 


[Bea 


edited  sereral  MSS^  and  he  mnit,  one 
would  think,  know  that  there  are  original 
authorities  for  German  as  well  as  for  Eng- 
lish history.  If  Wolfgang  Menxel  '*  knows 
something  ahout  these  matters,"  I  take 
it  that  Widnkind  the  monk  of  Corhej, 
the  chronicler  of  the  Saxon  djnasty,  knew 
much  more.  Mr.  Riley  will  find  his  book 
in  either  the  great  or  the  Httle  Pertz, 
and  he  will  not  find  Henry  adled  Em- 
peror there.  If  Mr.  Riley  shrinks  finom 
such  out  of  the  way  studies,  he  will  find,  in 
so  common  a  book  as  the  "  Art  of  Verify- 
ing Dates,"  *' Henri,  Roi  de  Germa- 
nic," carefully  distinguished  from  "  Otton, 
Empereur."  If  he  wants  to  know  more 
about  Emperors,  he  will  find  something 
in  the  first  book  of  FUtleri  Inttitutionet 
Juris  PubUci  Oermanici,  Ooettin^a,  1787 : 
and,  if  he  wants  the  whole  recipe  for  mak- 
ing an  Emperor,  (and  a  long  job  it  is,)  it 
is  to  be  seen  in  the  second  book  of  the 
JnttUutions  au  Droit  Public  d^Allemagne, 
Strasbourg,  1771. 

About  Hugh  and  Eadhild,  I  freely  con- 
fess that,  speaking  extempore  at  Peter- 
borough, I  let  pass  two  errors  of  the 
pseudo-Ingnlf  which,  sitting  here  among 
my  books,  I  probably  should  not  have 
let  pass.  It  is  perfectly  true  that  Ead- 
hild was  married  to  the  elder  and  not  to 
the  younger  Hugh,  and  that  she  was  mar- 
ried before  the  battle  of  Brunnanburh. 
It  is  perfectly  true  that  the  pseudo-Iiigulf 
blunders  about  both  these  points.  But 
this  hardly  affects  what  I  said,  and,  after 
all,  what  I  did  say  touched  on  no  ques- 
tion of  fact.  I  said  that  I  believed 
that  "  Hugo  Rex  Francorum  *'  meant  the 
elder  Hugh,  who,  though  holding  reg^il 
power,  though  the  son  of  one  King  and 
the  father  of  another,  himself  bore  no 
higher  title  than  Duke.    I  still  think  that 

THE  PSEUDO-INGULF, 
Mb.  Urban, — In  his  paper  at  Peter- 
borough, as  I  gather  from  your  October 
Number  (p.  386),  and  in  his  letter  in  your 
Number  for  this  month  (p.  545),  Mr. 
Riley  speaks  of  the  mistake  about  Hugh 
CuiMjt,  in  the  so-called  History  of  Ingulf, 
as  the  mistake  of  the  compiler  of  that 
work.    This  is  rother  too  hard  upon  the 


it  is  more  likely  that  Ingiiiri  miitelBi 
was  a  mistake  of  title  than  a  mbtake  of 
date — that  it,  than  the  great  miataka  of 
967  for  987.  Bat  it  reaUy  doea  not  ma^ 
ter  the  least  bit.  That  it  waa  not  a  mere 
overright  or  slip  of  tlie  pen  ia  poanUe 
enough,  for,  at  Mr.  Bilej  aaya,  the  nnataka 
is  made  twice.  Bat  thia  only  makea  my 
paralld  between  Ingulf  and  Mr.  Riley  the 
more  perfect.  I  had  thought  that^  when 
Mr.  Riley  called  King  Henry  <«  Brnperoi^ 
in  his  Peterborough  pqier^  it  waa  **  a  men 
overnght  or  slip  of  the  pen;"  hot  tins 
judgment  of  charity  is  dispelled,  now  he 
is  again  so  spoken  of  in  a  letter  to  the 

GSNTLSMAir'S  BCA0AZDIS. 

As  for  poor  Lady  Eadhild,  it  ahooH 
be  remembered  that  there  aeema  to  haff 
been  an  irresistible  temptation  in  all  ages 
to  blander  about  her  and  her  aiaters.  It 
begins  with  Widnkind  and  it  goee  down 
to  Dr.  Robert  Vaaghan.  Widnkind  (L  S7) 
calls  Eadgyth  "filiam  Ethmnndi  Rogii 
Anglorum,"  where  it  reqoirea  no  great 
skill  to  sobstitote  « EadwardL"  Dr. 
Vaughan's  vie?FS  about  the  aame  prinoaii 
I  will  hand  over  to  the  notioe  of  Mi; 
Shirley. 

I  think  Mr.  l^ey  is  not  wiae  to  ton 
round  and  attack  his  fnends^  for  aa  a 
friend  I  was  certainly  speaking  at  I^iter• 
borongh.  But  I  hope  I  can  afford  to  retom 
good  for  evil,  and  I  do  not  the  leaa  vahia 
Mr.  Riley's  full  and  conclusive  demolitka 
of  Ingulf,  because  he  has  gone  oat  of  ha 
way  to  show  (what  he  might  have  kept 
to  himself)  that  he  does  not  know  tha 
difftrence  between  a  King  of  Germany 
and  an  Emperor  of  the  Romana. 

I  am,  &c 
Edwabd  a.  Fbkskav. 

Somerl^aze,  WelU, 
Nov,  19, 1861. 

AND  HUGH  CAPET,  Ac 
pseudo-Ingulf.  As  is  often  the  caae  with 
him,  he  here  simply  follows  'William  of 
Malmesbury,  who  seems  to  have  made  hot 
one  Hugh  out  of  two.  At  all  events^ 
Malmesbury  clearly  says  that  the  Hogh 
who  married  one  of  the  daughtera  of  oor 
Edward  the  Elder,  was  Hugh  King  of  the 
French,  who  begat  Robert,  ymho  begat 


1861.] 


The  Paeudo-Triffulf,  and  Hugh  Capet,  tfC. 


661 


lenry,  who  ticgat  Philip,  who  begftt  King 

ewb  of  bis  own  tiinc.  {Ih  QetL  Sgffs, 
li.  5,  6.)  TbuB  the  Uonder  U  Halroea- 
bury^s,  &iid  It  ia  not  the  only  one  of  hia 
irbich  ham  been  adopted  by  the  pseudo- 

Qgitlf.  For  instancy  the  Unnder  about 
CoDBtantino,  King  of  the  SoOt«,  being 
Icilled  at  the  bAttle  of  Brunenburgb,  is  in 
like  manner  derived  from  Malmesbury. 
'We  cannot  macb  blame  the  pseudo-In^lf 
having  been  misled  by  so  high  an 
aathoriry. 

But  I  am  not  entering  the  Usta  in  de- 
fence  of  the  Ingulfian  History.  Never, 
surely,  than  it  waa  a  Itjuler  forgery  fabri- 

ated.  The  blunder  about  the  £mperor 
llsodus  (of  which  Mr.  Freeman  rightly 
*ys,   in  yonr  October  Number,  p*  386, 

at  it  would  of  itself  be  enough  to  up»et 
the  authenticity  of  the  History)  is  in 
truth  bad  enoogb|  in  all  conscience  j  but 

i  is  even  worse;,  it  seems  to  me,  tbati  has 
"^nerally  been  represented.  The  pseado- 
Iiigulf  makes  Abbot  Ingulf  go  to  Jeru- 
salem, in  company  with  the  Archbishop 
of  Mayencc.  This  j^os  the  date  of  Id- 
gulfs  pilgrimage^  according  to  the  pseudo- 
Ingulf,  to  A-D.  106a  or  4,  at  which  time 
SigelVed,  Archbishop  of  Mayencc,  made 
the  pilgrimage,  with  a  large  company  of 
CoekiUstiGs  and  others*  (Ord.  TH.^  iii.  5 ; 
'Ck9Wi,  Am^Um  PHrUmrg,  (Sparke  and 
Giles,)  A,p.  1064.)  Consequently,  not  only 
docs  the  psoudo- Ingulf  place  Alexius  on 
the  Uirono  of  Constantinople  some  seven- 
teen years  too  soon,  hut  he  also  makes 
Um  Patriarch  Sophronias  give  the  pilgrims 
a  warm  welcome  to  Jerusalem  some  five 
years  after  he  bad  been  laid  in  his  grave. 
Hut  a  still  more  convincing  proof  that 
Abbot  Ingulf  could  not  possibly  have  writ- 
ten this  History  may  be  produced.  It  baa 
not,  I  believe,  as  yet  been  properly  noticed, 
if  noticed  at  all.  Ingulf  succeeded  to  the 
abbey  of  CrowUnd  on  the  deposition  of 
Wulfketcl.  Now  the  valuable  (nearly, 
if  not  quite  contemporary)  memoir  of 
Archbiaho|i  Latijraoc^  appended  to  the 
Cambridge  C.C.C.  MS.  of  the  8a«m 
Chrontcle.  teUs  us  that  Wulfketcl  was 
di  poned  in  the  sixteenth  year  of  Lanftsncf'a 
pontiftcatv,  i.  e,  Aug,  29,  1085-6,  at  a 
council  bold  at  **  Ckucostria."    {Qibwif^t 


8(1^.  Chron,,  p.  179.)  From  the  Saxon 
Chronicle,  under  the  year  1085,  we  Itiam 
that  *  Oeucestria*  is  Gloucester,  and  thut 
the  council  was  held  there  at  Christmaa 
of  tliat  year.  Ingulf,  all  agree,  died  In 
Noveml>er,  1109,  and  therefore,  if  made 
abbot  soon  after  WulfketePs  depociiioii  in 
1085,  he  held  the  abbey  nearly  twenty* 
four  years.  And  with  this  agrvc  the 
genuine  early  annals  of  Crow  lane],  of 
which  we  have  a  transcript  in  Ordericoa 
Vitalis,  yb.  iv.  cap.  17,  made  about  six 
years  after  Ingiilfs  death;  an  indepen- 
dent, though  mueh  later  copy,  in  Vespasian 
B.  xi.  of  the  Britiih  Museum ;  and  u  large 
abstract  from  a  third  copy  in  the  ap* 
pendix  to  the  fourth  volume  of  Leiaud'a 
**  Itinerary,"  All  three  give  twenty -four 
years  as  the  length  of  Ingulfs  tenure  of 
the  abbey.  We  may  rest  certain,  there- 
fore, that  the  deposition  of  Abbot  Wulf- 
ketel,  and  the  succession  of  Ingulf,  did 
not  ttike  place  before  December,  1085, 
Few  such  events  of  that  period  have  their 
dates  better  authenticateii 

The  Ingulfian  History,  however,  places 
these  e^-ents  in  aj>.  1075.  Here,  thei)» 
Is  a  history  professing  to  be  written  by 
Abbot  Ingulf,  yet  wrong  by  ten  years  as 
to  the  time  when  this  very  Abbot  Ingulf 
came  over  from  Normandy  into  England 
and  commenced  bis  nile  over  Crowland* 
It  is  difficult  to  imagine  a  more  incon- 
testable proof  that  it  was  not  written  by 
Abbot  Ingulf,  nor  indeed  in  or  any w hero 
Tery  n&kv  bis  time. 

It  is  easy  enough  to  see  how  the  pseudo* 
Ingulf,  concocting  his  forgery  in  the  f*>ur- 
tecnth  or  fifteenth  century,  f«U  into  this 
fatal  blunder.  The  gtnuiue  early  annals, 
ajt  in  Ord^ricus  Vitalis,  &c.,  were  still  at 
Crow^land  j  and  no  doubt  formed,  as  re- 
gards the  Crow  land  History  x>ortion  of 
bis  forgery,  a  large  part  ol  the  small  basis 
of  truth  npon  which  the  pseudo- Ingulf » 
huge  mass  of  lies  was  fabricated.  Now 
these  annala,  after  mentioning  the  execu- 
tion of  Earl  Walthcof,  iiiid  the  bringing 
his  body  by  Abbot  Wulfketcl  to  Crowland, 
then  naturally  proceeded  to  mention  Wulf- 
kotcl's  dep<i9ition  and  Ingulfs  succeesion: 
there  wtis  nothing,  in  fact,  in  the  interval, 
which  they  thought  it  necessary  to  record. 


J 


662 


Correspondence  of  Sylvanus  Urban. 


[Dee. 


in  the  brief  notices  which  ther  give  ns  of 
the  emrlv  abboU :  and  with  thu  ckxe  men- 
tion of  distant  events  ther  give  ns,  after 
their  manner,  no  date  to  anj  of  thenL. 
After  compilers,  finding  the  events  men- 
tioned  together,  and  knowing  that  Wal- 
theof  was  executed  in  1075,  wonld  readilj 
hSl  into  the  error  of  aarigning  the  same 
year  to  the  other  events  also.  This  is 
what  is  done  bj  the  psendo-Ingnlf,  or 
rather,  perhaps,  by  some  previous  compiler 
whom  he  has  followed. 

I  think  it  pretty  certain  that  the 
psendo-Ingnlf  was  not  the  first  to  fidl 
into  this  blunder,  and  very  probable  that 
he  did  here  follow  some  previoos  compiler. 
The  GkroM.  AmgL  Petriburg,  of  Sparke, 
after  relating  Waltheof's  execution,  and 
the  translation  of  his  body  to  Crowland, 
under  ajd.  1075,  then  immediately  adds 
that  Abbot  Wulfketel  was  soon  after- 
wards deposed,  and  succeeded  by  Ingulf; 
apparently  meaning  to  say  that  these 
events  also  took  y  lace  in  the  same  year, 
or  very  soon  afterwards.  This  Chronicle^, 
which  has  not  received  the  attention  it 


deserves,  contains  lengthy  and  valuable 
notices  of  Spalding  Abbey,  with  many 
shorter  notices  of  the  neighbouring  booses 
of  Oowland  and  Peterborough. — of  the 
hitter  more  espedally;  it  was  written 
no  doubt,  by  a  Spalding  nook,  aboot 
AJ>.  1360-70,  and  ought  to  be  cmDed 
the  Spalding  Chronicle.  Besides  placing 
Abbot  Ingulfs  snocesBon  under  the  year 
1075^  it  has  other  things  in  commoD  with 
the  Ingulfian  forgery ;  and  has  therefore 
been  considered  to  follow  it.  Thii^  I  think, 
can  be  certainly  proved  to  be  not  the 
case.  It  was  many  years,  probably,  after 
1370  before  the  Ingulfian  forgery  was 
published,  and  if  dther  writer  followed 
the  other,  I  have  scarcely  any  doabt  hot 
that  it  was  the  pseudo-Ingulf  who  fol- 
lowed the  Spalding  monk.  It  seems  move 
likely,  however,  where  they  contain  com- 
mon drcumstanoes  of  agreement,  that  tbcj 
derived  their  materials  fi:om  a  commoo 
source  or  sources,  some  one  or  more  now 
unknown  Crowland  histories  or  k>genda. 
I  am,  &c.,  Jamis  F.  Dntocx* 
Somthwell,  Nov.  4, 1861. 


OBTRUSH  ROOK.  YORKSHIRE. 


Mb.  Ubbajt, — In  your  review  of  Mr. 
Bateman's  "Celtic  and  Saxon  Grave- 
hills,"  you  make  special  reference*  to 
a  "  remarkable  sepulchral  mound,  near 
Hartington,  called  Hob  Hurst's  House." 
In  the  perusal  of  Mr.  Bateman's  book  my 
interest  was  excited,  not  so  mudi  by  the 
peculiar  character  of  the  grave-hill  in 
question,  as  by  the  coincidence  in  general 
form  and  structure,  and  also  in  name, 
between  it  and  a  hcm^,  or  tumulas,  in  this 
district,  locally  called  Obtmsh  Rook^. 

•  GtKT.  Mao.,  Not.  1861,  p.  497. 

^  "  *  Hobthnut,  or  rather  Hob  o*  the  Hunt, 
a  fipirit  ^appoAed  to  haant  voods  otdj.*— Grose, 
J'rorine.  Olot*.  Roqac,  Back,  a  h*ap.'*SoU, 
PhUlipt*  york$hirf,  p.  210.  The  word  ruck 
(itounded  rook,  is  in  familiar  me  in  the  Dmlee' 
district,  and  nfrnifies  'pile*  or  'heap:*  thus 
Turf-rook,  Stone-rook.  Hob  of  the  Hurst  in 
our  Tcrnacular  becomes  immediately  Hob  o'  t* 
llur«t.  The  next  Mrp  \n  to  transpot«e  the  r,  (as 
in  Ainthrop  for  Ainthorpe,y  which  makefl  it  Hob 
o*  t'  rhuAt,  whence  the  transition  to  Uobtrus, 
Obtruis  or  Obtrush,  in  caxy  and  certain.  I  would 
also  obhcrre  that  here,  in  what  van  almost  lite- 


Mr.  Bateman  describes  Hob  Hnrsfs 
House  as  "a  conspicuous  mound  on  the 
heathery,  unindosed,  and  most  elevated 
part  of  Baslow  Moor."  It  is  a  drenlar 
tumulus,  composed  of  sand  and  gritstiNie^ 
aboot  eleven  yards  in  diameter,  and  ap- 
pearing to  be  about  ox  feet  high.  It 
is  thin  surrounded  by  a  concentric  em- 
bankment of  stones  and  sand,  four  feet 
high  and  fourteen  feet  thick  at  the  base^ 
the  centre  diameter  of  all  being  twenty- 
two  yards.  On  examination,  the  moond 
in  the  centre  was  found  to  cover  a  rect- 
angular cist,  or  sepulchral  chamber,  ten 
feet  three  inches  from  north  to  ■outh,  by 
nine  feet  from  east  to  west. 

The  following  description  of  Obtmsh 
Ruck  I  take  from  IVofeasor  Phillips't 
"Rivers,  Mountains,  and  Sea-eoast  e£ 
Yorkshire  ru- 
rally the  seat  of  a  SeandiBavian  odUmy,  all  tke 
gTSTe-moands  are  termed  hornet,  as  those  named 
by  Mr.  Bateman  are  calkd  by  the  Aagto-Saxioa 
word  tour. 


18610 


The  Glastonbury  Calendar, 


**  It  18  a  conspiciioui  objtct  for  many 
miles  roand,  clevaUd  N^veml  feet  above 
the  inot>rlflLud,  and  covered  wHli  liettb. 
Under  Ihia  wiut  a  ^rctit  collection  of  sand- 
stones  loosely  thrown  together.  On  ro* 
moving  them,  a  circle  of  broader  and 
larger  atones  uppearvd  »et  on  ed^j^e,  in 
number  twenty-five,  or^  aUowiuisj  for  a 
vacant  phice,  twenty-tix.  Within  this  was 
another  circle  com  posed  of  anialkT  stones  set 
edgeways,  innnmbertwenty-five  or  twenty- 
six  ;  and  the  eentre  of  the  inner  tpace 
was  occopieti  by  a  rectangfnkr  ItUt,  oom- 
poaed  of  ft  ur  flugNt^me*  set  edgeways. 
The  iitlea  of  this  kist  pointed  east  and 
wc»t,  and  north  and  sonth," 

No  discovery  of  any  sepulture  waa 
maide,  for  nnbuppily  **  this  place  of  an- 
cient buri;U'*  w*ia  laud  by  tradition  to  have 
**  bt'on  opened  many  ycar«  Bgo,  and  that 
tlifiu  gold*  was  found  in  it." 


The  paraUelistn  in  the  two  cases  is  suffi- 
ciently remarkable.  Both  mounds  are 
**  conspicuons,"  both  distinguished  by  con- 
centric encircling  rings,  both  with  central 
rectangular  cists  similarly  constmctcdp 
the  facea  of  which  are  aimilarly  fronted 
to  tlie  four  quarters  of  the  heavens.  Both, 
t<K>i  are  nrmarkuble  for  the  identity  of 
the  name  imiMised  upon  then,  and  both 
hnve  moreover  the  tame  "  uncanny"  re- 
putation as  being  the  "  abode  of  an 
unearthly  or  supernatural  being*".*' 

I  regret  that  I  have  no  uicfisuremcnts 
of  ObLmah  Ruck,  and  it  is  too  distant 
from  me,  and  over  roods  far  too  rougli,  to 
txi  easily  accessible  from  liencx^  in  my 
leisure  part  tif  one  of  these  short  days, 
1  am,  &c.,        J,  C  ATKiNfioK. 


THE  GLASTONBURY  CALENDAR. 


Mr,  Urban, — I  have  in  my  possession 
a  t'alendar  of  the  fifteenth  century,  which 
once  belonj^etl  to  the  Abbey  of  Ghiston- 
bury,  and  which  wus  eihibit«il  at  Christ- 
church  in  .lauuHry  last,  at  the  meeting  of 
the  Christchnreh  Archaiological  Associ- 
ation, aM  recorded  in  your  pages  *.  Many 
of  the  commeuiorations  differ  from  those 
in  the  reviscil  Roman  Breviary,  and  pro- 
bably the  following  list  of  those  variations 
may  not  be  unacceptable  to  jfour  readers. 

I  am,  &c, 
Mackhtkb  E.  C.  Walcott,  M.A.,  F.S,A, 

Dim,  Januariua^ 

8  Sci*  I^udani  socior^  ej". 
13  Sci'  Hidar*, 

Ell  Sci'  Maori  Abb'is. 
15  Sei'  Marcelli  p*pr  ni'ris. 
16  Sci'  Solpicii  epi*  et  cx>V. 
17  See*  IMsce  virg*  et  mrs*. 
18  Sci'  Wnbtaui  epi*  et  oof*. 
19  Scor'  ffabia  et  Sebttstiani. 
20  Sec'  AgTictts  vir*  et  mrs*, 
27  Sci*  .luliani  epi'  et  cof. 
do  bee*  Btt tikis  regtne. 
• 


•I  llSTc  limrd  tb«  flume  fttalement  made  Istely 
with  rc«pwt  to  Iho  eontcfit*  crff  «»oino  of  the  hmtn 
opctifd  in  tUib  vtotaiiy  three  or  four  years  libic* 
b>  Jamr  "  :^  '  '  and  ref<rred  loin  Mr,  Bate- 
iniLu's  \i  >— 241. 

»•  Coll,  iKJrsM-hHlMJ.SS,  Phillips* 

TorkaUirv,  ji.  2iO, 

'  asjtT,  Mao.,  ltsroli»  18Q1|  p.  999. 


1  See'  Brigidtt  vir*  et  m'. 

6  See*  Vodftsti  et  Atnandi  epor\ 
16  See'  Jnliane  virg*  et  mt\ 

Martins. 

7  Scar*  perpetue  et  felic'  m*, 
12  Sci*  Oregorii  pHp*. 
18  Sri*  KdvK^tirdi  reg*  et  mr'. 
20  Sci'  Cuthberti  epi*  et  mr*. 

AprilU. 
4  Sep  RieJIiarfii  epi*. 
11  Scor'  Tiburcii  et  valerr*  roris*. 
la  Sci*  Alphegi  mris*. 

4  Sci*  Job 'is  Bo*ukc  epi*  et  Caf*. 
2d  Sci*  Gennani  epi*  et  cof  *. 

Jttniusr 

1  Sci'  Nicbomedia  ms\ 

5  Sci'  Ikmefarii  epi'  et  mw*. 

8  Seor*  Medarfli  el  Gildardi  epor*, 

16  Trauslaco*  Sci'    Richardi   epi'    [Ci- 
ccatrife]. 

20  Tralaed  See*  Edwardi  regis* 
23  See*  EUicldredtt  virg*  n*  m'ris. 

2  S,Switb'. 
4  T'nslaco'  S.  Martini  epi'. 

11  rnslaco*  Sci' Vndicti. 
15  Tnslaco'  Sci*  SwitlninL 

17  Sci'  Keneltui  reg'  et  mra*. 

18  Sci'  Arniilphi  reg'  et  mra*. 
27  Scor*  Septe'  toruueuciu'« 


661 


CvrreMpomdemte  0/  Sffhmnu  Urbam. 


CDec 


%\  Sd'  Gcnnam  epi'  ct  cobT. 

4  »«'  Onraldi  rci^  et  rnn*. 

6  ScyV  Sizti  FelioM  ci  Agmp*. 
19  So*  KAgm  mm'. 
23  fyyV  TTiioMtbei  et  AppoH'. 
27  «rP  Bophi  mri'. 
31  Set;'  Cotbbor^  re<^  n*  ■m'. 

4  TnimkiMr'  H.CothbertL 

5  See'  Bertini  Al>b', 

16  .Sc«'  Edithc  T*  n'  mn'. 

17  Hct'  Lttmbcrti  c|h'  et  mn'. 
25  8ci'  fBrnuiu  epp  et  mr'. 

2  Sci'  LeodegBiii  epi'  et  m'rii. 


6  See  flloi  t 'ijg  dot  flBv  • 

10  Sci  GcfsoBM  soe^  ci  bbst  . 

11  So*  XidkMD  aoe^  ci*  Bra'. 

15  Sep  Wolfrmaeprctear. 

16  S.MkfaMrPaite^. 

23  Sci'  RMMoi  epi'  et  eoT. 
31  Sa  QnzDtiiii  bdw  • 

^ToceaiftriK. 

6  Sci'  Leonndi  abb'. 

13  Sci*  Bridi  epP  et  eoYcMon 

15  Sci'lbeatiepi'ctcor. 
18  Odl'  tci'  MftiiiL 

26  Sci*  Liiii  p^^cu 

DeeewAwt  (ric), 

7  Ocf  Sci' Andree^ 

16  OSspicoda. 


THE  CHUBCH  OF  SAN  CLEMEXTE,  BOME. 


Mr.  Ubbait, — As  one  wbo  appreciatc% 
doahtleai  witb  the  majoritj  of  your  retd- 
en,  yrjar  interestiiig  history  of  snrient 
moMucs,  which  lo  krgelj  oontriboted  to 
the  adornment  of  the  early  churches*  I 
may  perhaps  be  permitted  to  direct  at- 
tenti/m  to  a  discrepancy,  at  page  472, 
betwecm  the  letterpress  and  illustration, 
which  will  be  obvious  to  those  who  are 
familiar  with  the  attractire  church  under 
notice,  cir  who  have  referred  to  the  inte- 
rior view  of  the  choir  and  sanctuary. 

The  ciborinm  over  the  high  altar,  to 
which  your  description  refers,  is  most 
probably  that  in  the  church  of  Santa 
If  aria  in  Ojsmedin,  not  far  distant:  al- 
though it  would  also  be  applicable  to  that 
in  Santa  Cecilia,  on  the  oppodte  side  of 
the  Tiber,  both  of  which  have  remark- 
ably elegant  canopies  of  the  Boman  Gothic 
of  the  thirteenth  century,  with  cuspe^ 
crockets,  and  pinnacles. 

The  dborium  in  San  Clemente  is  of  a 
defeased  Boman  st>le,  the  precursor  of  the 
more  graceful  form  such  as  you  describe. 
The  four  columns  and  entablature  are 
surmounted  by  a  range  of  small  pillars^ 
supporting  a  pediment.  It  is  probably 
coeval  with  the  throne,  which  is  of  the 
tweiah  century  (a.d.  1112),  and  bean 
the  following  inscription : — 

AlTAgTABIYS  PBE8BITBB  OABDHriLlS 
HTIVB  TITVLI  HOCOPYB  OBPITET  PBXFBOIT. 

The  dborium  is  pUin,  and  not  inbud 
with  mosaic  as  in  the  i^^mm  of  the 
10 


beautiful  ambry,  Pisscfaal-caiidlcslidc.  aii4 
other  work  of  the  thirteenth  century,  of 
the  idiool  of  Master  CosnouUim. 

You  win  have  beard  with  pleasure  that 
the  ezcdlent  prior.  Father  MnUoolj,  Ovd. 
Frmd.,  has  perserered  in  the  reaeiiiies 
whereby  he  first  disclosed  the  icmains  of 
theCoDstantine  basilica  under  the  existing 
ehnreh,  and  that  there  Is  erery  pmbm- 
bnity  of  tracing  out  the  primHire  ptaa. 

A  curioos  dborium,  of  kindred  dka- 
racter  with  that  of  San  Clemente,  eaaste 
in  the  yenerable  chnrdi  of  the  M^fffwt 
patron  of  England,  St.  Qioegio  in  Te- 
babro:  instead  of  the  low  pe^ment^  it 
has  a  secondary  range  of  small  oohnan% 
supporting  an  octagonal  cupohi  of  plriii^ 
form. — I  am,  Ac, 

C.  A.  BucxuB. 

Oxford,  Nov.  14. 

[We  are  much  obliged  to  Mr.  Boekler 
for  pointing  out  this  slip  of  the  pen,  and 
for  his  interesting  letter.  He  has  reminded 
us  also  of  a  similar  dip  of  memory  in  tha 
dcKription  of  the  mosaics  in  the  ^oir 
of  St.  Yitale  at  Bavenna:  the  Bidiop 
Maximianus  is  sud  to  he  attired  in  an 
alhandeope;  it  should  be  alb  amd  rkatmhU, 
In  both  instances  the  cngraringt  eotreei 
the  text;  it  is  evident  at  a  glance  thai 
the  Bishop  has  on  his  chasuble  (or  apronX 
and  not  his  cope  (or  doak).  It  ia  worthy 
of  notice  that  the  form  of  the  alb  (or  i 
pUceXand  the  stole  woni  by  the  prisii  i 
deacon  are  eiaetlly  the  nme  at  that : 


1861.] 


Ripon  Minster. 


663 


used  in  the  Engliah  CJImrcb,  nud  different 
from  that  in  use  in  the  nnxlern  Roman 
Chtircb.  At  St.  Cloinente  it  la  evident 
thut  the  ciboniiiu  has  not  a  vestige  of 
frothie  work  or  of  mosaics.  Oar  exctme 
la  that  those  engmvings  were  not  before 
fvs  At  the  timo  of  writing  theee  papers^ 


and  wc  tnwtcd  too  rnnch  to  njemory,  with* 
out  referring'  to  our  note*  tjikcn  on  the 
spot  We  trust  that  no  other  MiinUar  over- 
sight* will  be  found  in  this  series  »>f  papers, 
the  prepnmtton  of  which  has  been  attended 
with  eonsiderabte  labour^  and  has  occu- 
pied much  time; — Eu] 


NOKTHBOROITGH  AKB 
Mr.  ITRTiATf, — Permit  a  constunt  render 
Df  the  Gintlkman's  Magazine  to  point 
nt  an  error  in  your  October  nuniber.^^n 
'  made  more  reuiarkuble  by  the  usuiil 
[.icourncy  of  your  report*. 

In   recording  the  proceedings   of  the 
lArchxeological  Iniititute  at  PuttTTjoroiigh, 
J  on   tDi'iition   the  eicursion  of  July  27- 
At  p.  385   you  say,  —  "The    next   place 
vbitod  was  Northborough,  the  church  of 
which  has  by  way  of  a  south    transept 
A  clianlry  chapel  of  bold  Decorated  work» 
and  of  a  magnitiecnue  overpowering  to  the 
older  part  of  the  ed'itioe ;  it  was  erected 
by  the  last  of  the  family  of  Delaraere/* 
So   far  your  description    is    perfectly 
Livcurate,  but  ns  Northborough  Church  has 
fco  spire,  and  is  dodient^  to  St.  Andrew, 
\  imngino  that  the  remainder  of  the  para- 
graph was  intended  as  a  description  of 
ffSUnton  church ;  if  so,  it  is  quite  correct, 
ad  probably  the  type  liai  been  mispkoed. 
[^lis    portion    of   the   paragraph   should 
A7e  been  connected  with  the  paragraph 
^  the  head  of  the  leooiid  column  of  p^  385* 


GLINTON  CHURCHES* 

With  reference  to  the  ofl -repeat *k1  story 
that  the  effigies  in  Gliiiton  Church  nod 
churchyard  were  ttikeii  from  the  niches 
in  th«  *!hantry  chapel  of  Northlwrx^ugb 
Church,  it  will  be  sutTiL-ient  to  say  that 
both  effigies  at  GUntuu  ure  longer  thnn 
the  longest  niches  at  Northborough. 
1  am,  Sk. 

TmR  CUIIATB  OF  GUKTOJI. 
Olini^n,  Market  Decpinff, 
3^00,  18,  1861. 

P.S.  You  say  in  your  report  that  "  the 
effigy  of  a  lady  in  wimple  and  long  veil 
still  remaina  ei posed  to  the  weather  in 
G I  ill  ton  churchyard/'  Tliis  effigy  is  al- 
io fl^ed  to  occupy  Its  present  position  out 
of  regard  to  the  feelings  of  an  old  inha- 
bitant of  Qliu  ton,  otherwise  it  would  ere 
this  have  been  removed  to  a  place  of 
shelter, 

[We  are  much  obUgetl  to  our  cor* 
rcspondeftt  for  jxiintiiig  out  this  error, 
which  is,  as  ho  surmises,  purely  a  typo- 
graphical disphicement.] 


RIPON  MINSTER. 


'^Sk.lJRBAir, — In  my  summer  holyday 
f  1  have  been  visiting  our  northern  cuthe- 
jdrals,  and  among  them  Hipon.  Mr.  J.  H. 
[Parker,  in  his  invnUiublo  " CompanioD," 
vithnnt  which  no  archpxdnigist  ooght  to 
I  travel,  siaggesis  that  the  crypt  under  the 
Ifroasing  was  used  for  the  exhibition  of 
iBt.  Wilfrid's  relics,  and  very  jnstly  and  in 
own  pletuant  way  throws  discredit 
the  notion  of  tta  employment  at  a 
The  crypt  has  two  entrances, 
[•liehind  the  canons'  stall  on  the 
S-#eit  of  this  choir,  by  a  flight  of 
llteps,  and  the  other  by  an  inclined  plane 
from  the  angle  formed  by  the 
-hay  of  the  mive,  and  the 
Gxjrr.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXI, 


curious  Routh-west  pillar  of  the  bin  tern - 
tower*  At  the  head  of  the  cryjjt,  in  the 
centre  of  the  east  w^all,  1*  a  large  but 
shallow  rc«cs««j,  which  might  conveniently 
contain  the  *'rebcs;**  in  the  south  wall, 
facing  the  perforation  known  ns  St.  Wil- 
frid's Needle,  is  a  deeper  but  smaller  re- 
cess; and  another  of  the  same  character 
b  in  the  north  wall.  In  the  north-west 
corner  of  the  west  wall  is  the  doorway 
communicating  with  the  stJiirs  from  the 
canons'  stall,  the  entrance  from  the 
nave  being  in  the  south-wei*t  ct>rner  of 
the  wmth  wall.  Each  of  the  smaller  re- 
cesN^  hiia  on  it*  upper  mn^faco  a  long 
orifice,  into  which  I  could  pasd  my  hand« 
4l 


666 


Correspondence  qfSylvanui  Urban. 


[Dec. 


mnd  when  a  candle  wis  placed  within  the 
anmbry-likc  niche,  it  bnrned  freely,  shew- 
ing that  the  perforation  was  designed  for 
purposes  of  ventilation,  and  in  all  likeli- 
hood intended  to  receive  a  lamp.  Three 
low  steps,  turned  slightly  northward,  are 
below  St.WilfHd's  Needle,  (a  mere  hole 
pierced  throuf^h  the  wall,)  on  the  topmost 
step  of  which  tradition  says  that  women 
knelt  for  confession,  while  the  priest  at- 
tended  on  the  other  side;  if  any  priest 
ever  did  so,  it  must  have  been  in  the  atti- 
tude described  by  heralds  as  couchant  or 
recumbent.  I  cannot  help  thinking  that 
the  St.  Wilfrid's  hole  was  originally  a  re- 
cess for  a  light,  like  the  two  others,  and 
has  been  afterwards  perforated  through  to 
the  other  or  north  side,  where  the  nil  is 
on  the  level  of  the  stair,  and  the  arch 
is  broadly  splayed  upwards.  The  lights 
would  thus  have  been  most  ingeniously 


placed  to  illwmiiMite  the  rdici  >t  the  upper 
end  of  the  crypto  and  to  direct  the  pesBsgt 
of  the  pilgrims  acrosa  ita  lower  end  froiB 
stair  to  stair.  Under  the  ledge  of  the 
rece«  in  the  sauth  wall  the  Terger  lately 
dLscorered,  in  a  deep  hole,  a  conaidenble 
quantity  of  bones,  human  and  ammaL 
I  was  happy  to  leam  that  Mr.  Gilbert 
Soott  has  given  an  estimate  for  the  re^ 
storation  of  this  interesting  boilding,  in- 
cluding the  removal  of  the  atrodoos 
modem  roof  of  the  nave.  At  Lincoln 
I  observed  a  fkct  which  I  have  not  yet 
seen  noted, — the  opening  of  two  fine  re- 
cessed portals  at  the  extreme  ends  of  the 
west  front,  hitherto  walled  ap ;  this  ju- 
dicious act  is  due  to  Dr.  Jeremie^  the  Snb- 
dean,  whilst  in  residence. — I  am,  &c. 

Maokxnzh  Waioott,  M Jk.,  F.SJL 

Filejf,  Torh$1Ure. 


NORWICH  CATHEDRAL. 


Mb.  Ubbak, — In  this  age  of  "  restora- 
tion" it  is  a  matter  for  regret  that  no- 
thing is  done  to  restore  this,  certainly  not 
the  least  interesting  of  our  cathedral 
churches. 

To  those  of  your  readers  not  familiar 
with  it,  I  would  state  that  in  the  time  of 
Queen  Elizabeth,  in  order  to  give  more 
light  to  the  church,  the  small  Norman 
windows  of  the  triforium  were  removed, 
and  larger  ones,  of  late  Gothic,  inserted. 
To  accomplish  this  the  roof  was  replaced 


by  a  wooden  one :  it  was  no  doubt  intended 
to  be  temporary,  but  it  remains  to  thii 
day,  and  presents  a  painfbl  contrast  to 
the  beautiAil  vaulting  of  the  rest  of  the 
church. 

Is  there  no  Aind  applicable  to  the  re- 
storation of  this  church  ?  if  not,  why  do 
not  the  Dean  and  Chapter  endeavour  to 
obtain  by  subscription  a  fond  for  the 
purpose  of  putting  it  in  a  atate  mors 
creditable  to  the  diocese  and  the  nation? 

Nov,  18, 1861.  G.  W.  D. 


SAMBENITO  AND  COROZA. 


Mb.  Ubban, — Will  you  allow  me  to 
ask  a  question  concerning  the  following 
description  of  a  procession  of  the  victims 
of  an  Auto  da  Fc,  which  I  find  in  "  Gil 
Bias  :"— 

"Iban  primew  los  padres  dominicos, 
precedidos  del  Estandaste  de  la  fc,  6  pcu- 
don  del  santo  tribunal.  Tros  de  dichos 
religiosos  venian  los  reos,  con  sus  capo- 
tillos  o  especie  de  cscapularios,  de  tela 
amarilla,  formada  en  ellos  per  la  parte 
anterior  y  posterior  el  aspa  de  san  Andrea, 
de  tela  roja,  llaniada  sambenito,  y  todos 
con  corozos  en  la  cabcza,  con  llamas  pin- 
tados los  de  los  condurados  &  la  hoguera, 
y  sin  Ellos  los  de  los  otros  de  menor  pena." 


(*  The  Dominican  fathers  went  firsts  pre- 
ceded by  the  Standard  of  the  Faith,  <r 
Banner  of  the  Holy  TribnnaL  Behind 
those  "religious"  come  the  cnlpritsi,  with 
their  short  cloaks — or  kind  of  scapniara— 
of  yellow  cloth,  called  sambeniio,  the  cnMS 
of  St.  Andrew,  of  red  cloth,  being  depicted 
on  them  in  front  and  behind,  and  all  with 
oorozas— or  high  paper  caps  in  the  shape 
of  a  sugar-loaf— on  their  heads,  the  caps 
of  those  condemned  to  the  atake  having 
painted  flames,  and  those  of  the  others 
sentenced  to  a  less  pumshment  being 
without  them.') 

Can  you  inform  me  whether  the 


1861.] 


J)uffdale*s  Wanvickshire, 


667 


hemta  «iid  cofota  were  confined  to  Uie 
▼ictinrt  of  the  Spanish  Auto  cU  F^?  or 
did  ili«y  &1ao  form  a  part  of  the  dress  of 
the  irictltQi  or  penitents  In  these  proces- 
sions in  Italy  and  Portugal  ? 

When  and  where  was  the  pnnidbment 
by  fire  first  inflicted  by  the  Inquisition  ? 
Wiia  it  at  Touloui^o,  where  Innocent  the 
Third's  mismooary,  Fother  Domiuie,  first 
established  a  tribunal  to  enquire  concern- 
ing all  penoDs  suppoftod  to  be  unfriendly 

the  interests  of  Home  P  Or  was  it  Tor- 
lada,  tbe  chief  Inquisitor  in  Spain, 
who  first  introduced  this  punishment  for 
those  who  were  stnving;  to  subvert  the 
established  religion  ?    I   am   aware   tlmt 


death  by  fire  was  adopted  ns  an  evasion  of 
the  merciful  maxim  of  the  Churcbf  *'  Ec- 
desia  non  novit  sang^uiuem.^* 

Tbough  generally  mentioned  in  Eng- 
land with  abhorrence,  I  find  one  defender 
of  the  Inquisition  among  English  judges. 
The  Recorder  of  London,  Sir  John  HowcU, 
in  1670,  at  the  trial  of  the  Quaker  Penn^ 
used  these  words, — **  Certainly  it  will  not 
be  wi'U  with  us  till  something  Like  unto 
the  Spanish  Itiquliiition  be  in  England^" 
1  am,  iLC.  E.  J.  Thackwell, 
6  arris  ter -at*  la  w. 

14,  Q^ettl^*9'r<Hld,  He^tn^M-^ark, 
Nov,  6.  186L 


DUGDALE'S  WAKWICKSHIEE :  MONUMENTS  OF  THE  BURDETTS. 


Mr.  Urbak, — I  know  not  wbetber  any 
previous  correspiondent  of  yours  has  no- 
ticed the  following  instance  of  editorial 
slovenliness  in  the  edition  of  "  Dugdale's 
Wiirwickshire"  printed  in  1730. 

In  that  b*x»k  the  article  "Sekindon" 
(Seckington  as  now  written)  occopiea 
pages  1126,  27;  and  there  is  no  pkte. 
Ilie  article  "  Shutteuton**  follows  in  pages 
1127. 28,  29;  and  embodies  on  page  1128, 
headed  by  the  words  "On  the  North  Sido 
of  the  Church,"  a  plate  of  two  monuments 
of  the  Bnrdett  family ;  one  mural  with 
many  figures,  the  other  a  female  figure 
recumbent. 

Now  in  the  very  small  charch  of  Shut- 
ten  ton  there  is  no  such  monument,  nor 
well  ever  can  have  been :  for  the  recum- 
bent one  in  particular,  nnleee  the  cxititing 
seats  or  benches  were  awnyf  there  <»nnot 
have  been  room.  Moreover,  the  owner- 
ship of  the  Bnrdetts  there  is  bnt  a  thirty 
or  forty  acres,  without  a  building  or  the 
Tcatige  of  <me.  But  of  all  ^ekindon.  hind 
and  adyowson,  they  have  for  generations 
been  owners;  rewding,  too,  on  their  ad- 
joining tordship  of  Bramootc:  and  in 
Sekindon  Chvrck,  some  four  tiroes  krgcr 
than  that  at  Shuttentou,  there  af«  stiU 
the  ptty  fmmummU  the  plate  repret^ots. 


Reference  to  the  original  mlition  of 
the  work  (1656)  expos* t  the  blunder:  for 
there,  Sekindon  wthodies  the  plaie,  (on 
p.  811.)  and  Skuttmitoi^  has  no  plaU  at 
alL 

My  father,  an  occasional  correspondent 
of  youra  up  to  bb  death  (182l>),  h«« 
noted  with  bis  pencU  on  the  plate  of  1730 
**Gone,  1800;"  but  there,  so  fi»r  as  ap- 
pears^ hts  observation  of  the  matter  seem  a 
to  have  ended. — I  am,  &c. 

StA^TLET  D.  WOLFEBSTAIC. 

Statfald,  Nov,  19.  1861. 

[The  edition  referred  to  is  that  in 
2  vols^  folio,  Issued  by  Dr.  William 
llioniaS)  and  described  by  him  as  *'  re- 
vised, augmented,  and  continue*!.**  He, 
however,  was  very  carek*fls  in  bis  authori- 
tifs,  flud  manifestly  took  little  pains  in 
gaining  information.  This,  which  is  the 
judgment  of  Mr.  Gougb,  is  evident  to  the 
most  cursory  inspector,  and  indeed  la  so 
well  known,  that  we  ihould  not  have 
needed  to  print  our  correspoudent's  letter, 
but  for  the  valuable  infortuation  that  hia 
supplies  regarding  the  monumente  of  the 
Burdctt  family*] 


668  [Dec. 


Cj^f  i^oU'fioofi  ot  i^elbana£(  Wivbnn. 


[  Under  this  title  are  collected  brief  notes  of  matters  of  current  antiquarian  inieresi 
which  do  not  appear  to  demand  more  formal  treatment.  Syltakus  Ubbak  imviles 
the  kind  co-operation  of  his  Friends,  who  may  thus  preserve  a  record  offnany  things 
that  would  otherwise  pass  stray.] 

Literary  Discoveries  in  Asia  Minor. — ^The  Moniteur  lately  published  the 
following  report  to  the  Minister  of  State  from  M.  Perrot,  formerly  a  pupil  of 
the  French  school  at  Athens,  who  has  been  charged  with  a  scientific  mission  in 
Asia  Minor : — 

** Angora  {ancient  Ancyra),  Avff.  28. 

"  I  have  made  a  valuable  epigraphic  discovery. 

"  We  found,  in  visiting  the  vicinity  of  the  temple,  all  the  first  part  of  the  Greek 
translation  of  the  Testament  of  Augustus,  of  which  Hamilton  copied  the  end. 
Having  ascertained  that  it  existed  in  a  good  state  of  preservation  behind  a  wall 
of  bricks,  forming  the  back  of  a  Turk's  house,  we  purchased  the  wall  and  pulled 
it  down.  By  labouring  from  morning  to  evening  during  five  days  I  have  made 
a  copy  of  the  inscription.  I  have  eight  columns  complete  —  not  like  those  of 
Hamilton,  for  at  least  several  of  them  are  the  beginnings  or  ends  only  of  columns ; 
and  that  brings  me  down  to  the  middle  of  the  third  column  of  the  Latin,  and  fills 
up  many  blanks  in  the  original  text,  which  is  much  more  mutilated  than  has  been 
believed  from  the  copies  hitherto  used.  The  first  four  columns  of  my  Greek  text 
also  contains  omissions,  but  in  the  fourth  and  the  three  following  ones  only  a  word 
here  and  there  is  wanting. 

"  I  cannot  tell  you  all  the  new  facts  that  my  discovery  makes  known  respecting 
the  life  of  Augustus,  the  honours  which  he  received,  &c.  At  the  end  of  the  first 
column  of  the  Latin  is  a  blank  which  is  made  up  by  the  columns  of  the  Greek 
text.  They  speak  of  the  'absolute  power*  which  he  refused,  the  'prefecture* 
which  he  exercised,  the  '  consulate  for  life*  which  he  would  not  accept,  the  *  pre- 
fecture  of  morals,'  and  his  title  of  *  Prince  of  the  Senate,'  all  which  are  wanting  in 
the  Latin.  The  date  also  of  his  testament  is  given.  By  means  of  these  supple- 
ments I  can  add  much  more  than  I  had  dared  to  hope  to  the  knowledge  and  true 
interpretation  of  this  important  epigraphic  monument. 

"  I  am  at  this  moment  in  negotiation  for  the  purcliase  of  the  adjacent  houses 
which  contains  the  middle  part  of  the  inscription.  That  which  Hamilton  had 
partially  pulled  down  only  contains  the  end.  The  text  wliich  he  gives  begins 
Table  4  of  the  Latin.  There  are  probably,  therefore,  two  columns  of  Greek  to 
find,  in  order  to  re-establish  the  text  of  this  important  inscription,  and  I  hope  that 
I  shall  succeed  in  discovering  them.  As  to  the  Latin  text,  it  is  more  damaged 
than  I  had  expected.  Nevertheless,  in  spite  of  all  it  has  suffered,  there  b  much 
to  gain  from  an  attentive  perusal  of  it. 

"  The  great  defect  of  the  copies  which  have  hitherto  served,  appears  to  me  to  be 
not  so  much  their  inexactness,  the  errors  being  easy  to  correct,  as  the  absence  of 
any  precise  indication  of  the  length  of  the  blanks.  Those  persons  who  have 
endeavoured  to  fill  up  the  vacancies,  however  great  their  sagacity,  thus  run  the 
risk  of  putting  a  phrase  where  there  were  two  words,  and  two  words  where  there 


1861.] 


The  Note'book  of  Sylvanus  Urban. 


em 


[  liras  a  phrase.    As  the  taking  of  a  general  sUmped  impreasion  is  impossible — first, 

for  the  L&tiii  inscription,  on  account  of  the  deep  holes  which  have  been  made  in 

several  places,  so  that  the  surface  sinks  to  the  depth  of  several  centimetres';  and 

second,  for  the  Greek  inscription,  on  account  of  the  props  which  we  have  beea 

obliged  to  lean  against  the  wall,  in  order  to  support  the  roof  of  the  house — this 

is  what  wo  have  resolved  ou,  and  svhich  will  rcinedj  the  above  defect.     We  shall 

|l>riiig  hackj  in  addition  to  the  stamped  portions  which  will  g;ive  tbo  form  of  the 

icharactcrs,  something  which  will  permit  the  voids  lo  be  measured  with  almost 

Vtnathematlcal  exactness.     M.  Guillaume  !ma  had  the  patience  t<»  reduce  to  scale, 

iltone  by  stone,  all  the  surfaces  which  bear  inscriptions — that  is  to  say,  the  two 

1  faces  of  the  pronaos  and  the  external  wall  of  the  cella^  at  the  same  time  indicating 

I  the  slighleiit  cracks  and  the  true  width  of  them.     On  his  sheets  I  will  put  the 

[two  inscriptions,  measured  bj  compass,  making  thereby,  as  it  were,  a  true  copy, 

i  real  photograph  of  them.^^ 

Antiquities  fhoji  Cyrene.^ — ^The  following  extract  from  the  "Malta  Times*' 
of  Octuhcr  2i  gives  an  interesting  account  of  the  means  employed  to  procure  the 
antirjuc  remains  from  Cyrene  to  which  wc  recently  alluded'^,  and  which  we  intend 
at  a  future  day  fully  to  describe : — 

"  H3I.  steam 'frigate  *  Melpomene/  51  guns,  Capt.  Ewart,  returned  from  Maraa 

Sousah,  ou  Thursday  last  [Oct.  17],  whither  she  had  been  sent  by  order  of  the 

Admiralty  to  ship  further  sculptures  discovered  tn  the  rains  of  the  ancient  city  of 

[  Cyrene  by  Lieut.  R.  M.  Smith,  Royal  Engineer,  and  Lieut.  E.  A,  Porchcr,  Royal 

'Ua?y.    She  left  MiUta  on  the  23rtl  September,  and  arrived  at  Marsa  Sousah  on 

the  evening  of  the  2Gth.     The  sculptures,  padkcd  in  sixty -three  wises,  were  trans- 

,  ported  to  the  place  of  embarkation  on  three  artillery  wagons,  sent  from  Malta 

J  lor  the  purpose,  dragged  by  a  party  of  seamen  and  marines,  under  the  command 

of  Lieut,  Carter,  the  smaller  objects  bein|?  carried  by  camels.     The  transport 

occupied  from  the  28th  September  to  tJte  13th  October,  the  distance  from  Cyrene 

to  Ihe  coast  being  aboat  twelve  miles,  Cyrene  itself  occupying  a  height  about  two 

thoosond  feet  above  the  sea.    The  operations  connected  with  the  transport  were 

mnoh  facilitated  on  this  occasion  by  the  excellent  arrangements  made  by  Capt. 

Ewart,  who  had  had  considerable  ciperiencc  in  the  transport  of  heavy  marbles, 

while  employed  some  years  ago  in  embarking  the  discoveries  of  Sir  Charles  Fellowea 

at  Xanthus ;  aud  who,  it  will  be  remembered,  was  the  only  officer  of  the  partj 

landed  who  escaped  the  deadly  fever  of  tlic  country. 

"Beputs  of  provisions,  both  at  Cyrene  and  on  the  shore,  were  established  by  his 
orders,  to  enable  the  work  being  carried  on  in  the  event  of  communication  with 
the  ship  being  interrupted  by  the  weather.  These  proved  of  great  service,  as  for 
half  the  time  of  the  slup*s  stay  boats  could  not  laud  on  account  of  the  surf.  By 
an  ingenious  device  of  Capt.  Ewart,  the  wagons  were  fitted  with  a  steering 
apparatus  and  man-hiirncss,  which  materially  contributed  to  the  safety  and  com- 
parative ease  with  which  the  heavily-loaded  wagons  were  taken  through  a  very 
difficult  and  mountainous  country,  over  a  road  roughly  laid  down  for  the  purpose 
before  the  ship  arrived*  By  means  of  these  and  other  thoughtful  arrangements, 
the  whole  of  the  heavy  marbles  were  brought  down  in  three  trips,  and  safely 
embarked." 

*  The  ceutimetre  is  about  one-tbird  of  on  inch,  English. 

*  Gknt.  Mao.,  November,  1861,  p.  477. 


670 


[Dee. 


HISTORICAL  AND  MISCELLANEOUS  KEYIEWS. 


Five  JdtakaSt  containing  a  Fairy  Tale, 
a  Comical  Story^  and  Three  Fables, 
In  the  original  Pali  Text,  accompanied 
with  a  Translation  and  Notes.  By  V. 
Faxtsboll.  (Copenhagen;  and  Williams 
and  Norgate,  London.  8vo.,  viii.  and 
72  pp.) — Folk-lore  always  interests  us, 
and  the  more  so  the  more  ancient  it  is, 
the  more  it  takes  ns  hack  to  the  cradle  of 
our  races,  the  golden  East.  Tlie  collec- 
tion now  before  us  is  short,  hut  very  valu- 
ahle.  Its  date  is  about  the  fourth  century 
after  Christ,  but  as  it  is  only  a  translation 
and  adaptation  of  older  materials,  it  ac- 
tually points  back  to  times  before  the 
Christian  era.  Not  being  learned  in 
Oriental  lore,  we  will  not  attempt  to 
grapple  with  the  minutiae  of  the  text  and 
translation.  But  we  are  in  good  hands, 
for  Mr.  Fausboll  is  a  ripe  and  exact 
scholar.  We  would  only  direct  the  atten- 
tion of  our  readers  to  the  mine  here 
opened  out.  As  a  specimen  we  will  ex- 
tract the  prototype  of  our  old  friend,  the 
fable  of  the  ass  in  the  lion's  skin : — 

"  The  Sihacamha-bibth. 

"  *  That  is  not  the  roar  of  a  lion.'  This 
the  Master  related,  while  living  at  Jeta- 
vana,  concerning  Kokalika.  The  latter 
was,  at  that  time,  desirous  of  reciting  the 
sarabhanna.  The  Master  having  beard 
this  incident  related  a  tale : — 

"  In  times  past,  while  Brahmadatta 
reigned  in  Badlnasi,  Bodhisatta  having 
been  born  in  an  agriculturist's  family, 
when  grown  up  gained  his  livelihood  by 
tilling  the  ground. 

"At  this  time  a  merchant  wanders 
about  trafficking  by  the  help  of  an  ass. 
In  every  place  he  comes  to,  having  taken 
his  merchandise  from  the  back  of  the  ass, 
he  clothes  him  in  a  lion's  skin,  and  lets 
him  loose  into  the  rice  and  barley-fields. 
The  watchers  of  the  field,  on. seeing  him 
and  believing  him  to  be  a  lion,  dare  not 
approach. 

"  One  day,  then,  this  merchant  having 
taken  his  stand  at  the  entrance  of  a  town, 
while  causing  his  breakfast  to  be  pre- 
pared, lets  loo«e  the  ass  into  a  barley- 
flddy  hanng  previously  clothed  him  in 


the  lion's  skin.  The  watchers  of  the  field 
believing  him  to  be  a  lion,  and  not  daring 
to  approach  him,  went  home  and  told  the 
matter.  The  inhabitants  of  the  whole 
town,  after  seizing  their  weapons,  while 
blowing  the  concha  and  sounding  the 
drums,  drew  near  to  the  field,  and  shouted 
aloud.  Terrified  with  the  fear  of  death, 
the  ass  brayed  like  an  ass.  Knowing  him 
then  to  be  an  ass,  Bodhisatta  pronoonoed 
the  first  stanza : — 

1.  *  That  is  not  the  roar  of  a  lion. 

Nor  a  tiger,  nor  a  panther ; 
Clothed  In  a  lion's  skin, 
A  wretched  ass  roars.' 

The  inhabitants  of  the  town,  also  know- 
ing him  to  be  an  ass,  killed  him  by  break- 
ing his  bones,  and  went  away,  carrying 
with  them  the  lion's  skin.  The  merchant 
then,  having  come  and  seen  the  unfortu- 
nate ass,  pronounced  the  second  stanza : — 

2.  *  For  a  long  time,  indeed,  the  ass  did  eat 

That  green  barley, 

Clothed  in  a  lion's  sldn ; 

But  when  roaring  he  oommitted  himselL' 

"  Willie  he  said  this,  the  ass  died  there. 

"  The  Master  having  given  this  moral 
instruction,  he  summed  up  the  Jitaka 
thus: — 'At  that  time  the  ass  was  Koki- 
lika,  but  the  wise  agriculturist  1.*" — 
(pp.  39,  40.) 

The  translation  is  as  literal  as  the  sub- 
ject will  permit;  and  some  untranslated 
Jitakas  are  added,  one  being  in  the  P£U 
version  of  the  Southern  Buddhists,  and 
also  in  the  Sanscrit  version  of  the  North- 
em  Buddhists. 


The  Wisdom  of  Solomon.  Illnminated 
by  Samuel  Stanesby.  (Griffith  and  Far- 
yen.) — We  have  on  two  or  three  preTioiis 
occasions  noticed  Mr.  Stanesby's  Qlns- 
trated  works.  The  one  before  us  is  his 
last  production,  and  we  think  it  his  best. 
The  selection  of  "  wise  sayings"  is  made 
with  good  taste,  and  the  illuminated  bor- 
ders in  which  they  are  set  are  very  effec- 
tive. It  is  not  too  much  to  say  that  this, 
which  is  one  of  the  earliest  illustrated 
books  of  the  season,  is  likely  also  to  be 
one  of  the  most  popular — that  ii^  if  real 


1801.] 


The  Life-boat. 


671 


merit  may  be  allowed  to  reckon  for  Miy- 
ihliig  in  detennining  the  pablic  cboioe. 


I        wl 


Tin^  Tadpole,  and  other  Taie^.  Bj 
FBANCBa  Fbeiliko  Brodebip.  With 
BliiBtrations  by  her  brother.  Thomai  Hood. 
(flriffitb  ftod  Farren.)— If  young  people  of 
the  prc«ent  day  are  not  both  wiser  and 
better  than  the  jnvenilei  of  former  gcnem- 
tions»  we  feitr  it  most  be  very  much  their 
own  fmjlt»  when  they  have  «uch  writers  mn 
Mrs,  Broderip  to  give  them  books  tbut 
convey  not  a  ft'w  hints  of  worldly  wisdom, 
And  a  sound  moral — ^wbich  cannot  be  pre- 
dicated of  •'Puss  in  Boots."  or  "Cin- 
derella,** or  "Jack  and  the  Bean-stalk^' — 
and  yet  arc  as  amusing  as  any  of  those  re* 
tM>wned  histories,  if  not  more  ao.  M^ithout 
istting  ftp  for  a  gn^at  teadur,  Mrs.  Bro- 
derip very  dererly  inculcates  many  nsefal 
lessons,  and  those  who  read  the  "Gilt 
Pin/*  the  «  Fatal  Effects  of  Curiosity/' 
"  Little  Pitchers  have  long  Ears,"  or  the 

Ill-tempered  Weathercock,**  mny  very 
probnbly  be  cured  of  several  evil  hnbits, 
whibt  they  certninly  will  be  amused  at 
the  serio-comic  tone  which  the  daughter  of 

loiitns  HoikI  employs;  and  farther  grati- 
flcAiiun  will  be  derived  from  the  spirited 
ill ustrnt ions  which  her  brother  has  ftir- 
nished ;  *'  S^ieckleback  in  the  Fairy's  Cur*' 
is  as  fanciful  as  could  be  desired. 


which  this  Society  maintains.  This  is 
a  task  that  wo  think  ought  not  to  be  left 
to  volantary  benevolence — Parliaaacnitary 
g^nts  are  made  every  year  for  less  worthy 
objects^ but  whilst  it  yet  is  so,  no  one  can 
do  wrongly  who  contributes  his  mite  to 
enable  the  Institution  to  meet  its  self* 
imposed  obligations. 


The  Ufehoat.  (Published  by  the  Royal 
National  Life-boat  Institution,  John- street. 
Adrlphi.) — Tlie  terrible  storms  with  which 
we  have  so  recently  been  visited^  forcibly 
plead  the  cause  of  the  active  and  praise- 
worthy Society  thnt  imuch  this  little  quar- 
tt'Hy  publication.  The  fact»  we  fear,  is 
nut  suflh'iently  kuowu,  that  upwards  of 
eight  hundred  lives  arc  losit  and  a  million 
and  a-half  of  property  destroyed  by  ship- 
wreck on  our  ooosta  every  year^  and  that 
the  chii^r  hope  of  i\w  drowning  mariner 
\^tnt  1 1  Ml  tlfo-boata  (now  U5  in  number) 


The  East  Anglian.  (Lowestoft:  Tymms.) 
— We  arc  glad  to  see  that  tbe  really  valu- 
able communications  that  appear  in  thia 
unpretending  little  work  have  secured  to 
it  a  fair  amount  of  patronage,  and  thai 
in  future  six  numlhfrs  (instead  of  tour)  are 
to  be  jssuetl  yearly.  The  numbers  for  the 
last  six  months,  which  are  now  before  ns^ 
contain  much  to  int^^rest  Ka«t  Anglian 
antii|uaries«  such  as  "  A  Visitation  of  the 
Monumental  Heraldry  of  Snffjlk ;"  "Coats 
of  Arnis  In  Essex  Cburches ;"  *'  List 
of  the  Round  Towers  of  Kast  Anglta ;" 
**  EjEtracts  from  Parish  R^'gisters,**  Ac., 
&c., — matt^ers  which  we  hnve  no  room 
to  quote,  hut  which  we  recommend  our 
readers  to  study  for  themselves* 


MUtory,  Opinions  and  l4t^braii&ns, 
of  Itaeu  Bickerslaff^  Esq,  From  the 
"  Tailor  h  ^'«/*  ontl  AddUon.  With 
Introduction,  Notes  and  lUustrations,  by 
H.  R.  Mo:fi'GOMKUT,  Author  of  ^*Thos. 
Moore*  his  Life,  Writings,  and  Couteni- 
poraries,"  Ac,,  Ac  Illustrated  with  a  Se- 
ries of  Fljotographs.  (Longmans.) — The 
rather  full  title  of  this  work  reltevei  ua 
from  the  neci-csity  of  any  hmgthened 
comment.  The  selection  of  passages  so 
as  to  form  an  imaginary  biography  of  our 
old  friend  l«wc  Bickerstaff*  is  made,  on 
the  whole,  judiciously,  and  though  some 
of  the  photographs  are  not  in  the  first 
style  of  the  art.  they  yet  are  interesting 
as  evidence  of  the  spread  of  this  new 
mode  of  illustrating  books. 


672 


[Dec. 


APP0INT3IENTS,  PREFERMENTS,  AND  PROMOTIONS. 


The  dates  are  those  of  the  Gazette  in  which  the  AppoitUment  or  Return  appeared. 


Ecclesiastical. 

Nor.  8.  The  Queen  has  been  pleased  to  sepa- 
rate the  Bahama  Islands  and  their  dependencies, 
together  with  the  Turks  and  Caicos  Islands, 
f^om  the  sec  and  dioceiw  of  Jamaica,  and  to  con- 
stitute the  said  inlands  and  their  dependencies 
into  a  separate  sec  and  diocese,  to  be  called  the 
bishopric  of  Nassau.  Her  Majesty  has  also  been 
pleased  to  appoint  the  Yen.  Charles  Caulfeild, 
D.D.  (now  Archdeacon  of  the  Bahamas,)  to  be 
ordained  and  consecrated  the  first  Bishop  of  the 
said  see  of  Nassau. 

Nor.  12.  Congi  tTflire  to  the  Dean  and  Chap- 
ter of  the  cathedral  church  of  Gloucester  cm- 
powering  them  to  elect  a  Bishop  of  the  see  of 
Gloucester  and  Bristol,  the  same  being  Toid  by 
the  translation  of  the  Right  Rev.  Father  in  God 
Charles  Baring,  D.D.,  late  Bi.«hop  thereof,  to 
the  see  of  Durham  ;  the  Rev.  William  Thomson, 
D.D.,  recommended  to  be  by  them  ^elected  Bi- 
shop of  the  said  sec  of  Gloucester  and  Bristol. 

Civil,  Naval,  axi>  Militaut. 

Oct.  22.  Viscount  Monck  to  be  Captain-Gene- 
ral and  Govemor-in-Chief  in  and  over  II.M.'s 
Pro\'ince«  of  Canada,  New  Brunswick,  and  Nova 
Scotia,  and  of  the  Island  of  Prince  Edward,  and 
Governor-General  in  and  over  all  II.M.'s  Pro- 
vinces on  the  continent  of  North  America  and 
of  the  Island  of  Prince  Edward. 

Philip  Edmond  Wodehouse,  esq.,  C.B.  (now 
Governor  of  British  Guiana),  to  be  the  Governor 
and  Commander-in-Chief  in  and  over  the  Colony 
of  the  Cape  of  Good  Ilope  and  its  dependencies, 
and  to  be  II.M.'s  Iligh  Comniissiuner  for  the 
settling  and  adjustment  of  the  affairs  of  the  ter- 
ritories adjacent  or  contiguous  to  the  eastern 
frontier  of  the  said  colony. 

Sir  Dominick  Daly,  knt.,  to  be  Captain-General 
and  Govemor-in-Chief  in  and  over  the  Culony 
of  South  Australia. 

John  Stephen  Hampton,  esq.,  to  be  Governor 
and  Cummandcr-in-Chief  in  and  over  the  Colony 
of  Western  Australia. 

The  Hon.  William  Gordon  Comwallis  Eliot, 
now  SocretJiry  to  II.M.'s  Legation  at  Athens, 
to  be  Secretary  to  II.M.'s  Legation  at  Rio  de 
Janeiro. 

The  Hon.  William  Stuart,  Secretary  to  H.M.'s 
late  legation  at  Naples,  to  be  Secretary  to  H.M.'s 
Legation  at  Athens. 

Mr.  Zebina  Eastman  approved  of  as  Consul 
at  Bristol  for  the  United  States  of  America. 

William  Joshua  Ffennell,  esq.,  and  Frederick 
Eden,  esq.,  to  be  Inspectors  of  Fisheries  for  three 
years,  under  an  Act  passed  in  the  last  Session  of 

11 


Parliament,  entitled  "An  Act  to  amend  tbc 
Laws  relating  to  FlBheries  of  Salmon  in  En;- 
land.»» 

Sir  Jamee  Hope,  K.C.B.,  Bear-Admiral  of  the 
White  Squadron  of  II.M.*8  Fleet  (holding  the 
temporary  rank  of  Yice- Admiral),  Commander- 
in-Chief  of  H.M.'s  ships  and  Teesels  cm  the  Ea«t 
India  and  China  station,  permitted  to  accept  aad 
wear  the  insignia  of  the  Imperial  Order  of  the 
Legion  of  Honour  of  the  Second  Class,  conferred 
on  him  in  approbation  of  his  distin^nii^ed  srr^ 
vices  before  the  enemy  during  the  recent  com- 
bined operations  of  British  and  French  forces 
against  China. 

Nov.  1.  Frederic  Henrj  Crowe,  esq.,  now 
British  Tice-Consnl  at  Bengasi,  to  be  HJL's 
Consul  at  Cairo. 

Mr.  William  B.  West  approTed  of  as  Ccosol  tt 
Oalway  for  the  United  States  of  America. 

Robert  Wikwn  and  Charles  George  Faatiai, 
esqrs.,  to  be  Members  of  the  LegialatiTe  Cooadl 
of  the  Island  of  Trinidad. 

Nov.  8.  William  Charles  Whitman,  esq.,  to  be 
a  member  of  the  Legislatire  .Council  of  the  Pn^ 
yince  of  Nova  Scotia. 

John  Smale,  esq.,  to  be  a  member  of  the  Legi«> 
lative  Council  of  the  Colony  of  Hongkong. 

William  Dumaresq  Wright,  eeq.,  to  be  Tr^'ii^"*; 
Surveyor  at  St.  John's  River,  Colombo. 

William  Edward  Thompson  Sharpe,  esq.,  to  be 
Assistant  Agent  at  Kandy. 

Edward  Newnham  Atherton,  eeq.,  to  be  As- 
sistant Agent  at  KumegoUe,  in  the  island  U 
Ceylon. 

Mr.  Anders  Westenholz,  approred  of  as  Coa- 
sul-Gcneral  in  London  for  H.ltf.  the  King  of 
Denmark. 

Nov.  12.  Senor  Thomas  Ribeiro  doe  Santos 
approved  of  as  Consul-General  at  Bristol  for 
H.M.  the  King  of  Portugal  and  the  Algarres. 

Nov.  15.  Robert  Adams,  esq.,  M.D.,  Prefddeat 
of  the  Royal  College  of  Surgeons  in  Ireland,  to 
be  Surgeon  in  Ordinary  to  Her  Majesty  in  lie- 
land,  in  the  room  of  James  W^illiam  Cusaok,  esq., 
M.D.,  deceased. 

The  Right  Rev.  Chas.  Lord  Biahop  of  Durfasn 
to  be  one  of  the  Commissioners  for  the  purposes 
of  "The  Durham  University  Act,  1861,"  in  the 
room  of  the  Hon.  and  Rt.  Rev.  Henry  Montaga, 
late  Bishop  of  Durham,  deceased. 

Nor.  19.  David  Mason,  esq.,  M.D.,  to  be  a 
Member  of  the  Legislative  Council  of  the  Island 
of  Jamaica. 

Mr.  Heinrich  Danelsberg  approTedof  as  Consul 
at  Singapore  for  his  Royal  Highness  the  Grand 
Duke  of  Oldenburgh. 


1861.] 


Births. 


673 


iV'or.  22.  Mr.  William  Blanchard  approved 
of  as  Consul  at  Melbourne  for  the  United  States  of 
America. 

Members  vlv.tvkv^d  to  iskvb  ih  PARLrAXRVT. 

N"V.  1.    Borough  of  Plymouth.-  Walter  Mor- 

rixon,  esq.,  of  Malham  Tanb-house,  Torkshireb 


in  the  room  of  William  Henry  Edgcombe  (eom- 
monly  called  Visoonnt  Yalletort},  now  a  Peer  of 
the  United  Kingdom. 

Nov.  12.  City  of  Lincoln.  —  Charles  Seel/, 
eeq.,  of  Hcighingtoo,  Lincolnshire,  in  the  room 
of  Major  OerTaiae  Tottenham  Waldo  Sibtborp, 
deceased. 


BIRTHS. 


June  «0.  At  Mecrut,  the  wife  of  Cd.  Walter, 
C.B.,  Commanding  II.M.'s  85th  Regt.,  a  son. 

Aug.  18.  At  Simla,  the  wife  of  Capt.  J.  F. 
Rapcr,  II.M.'s  Bengal  Artillery,  a  dau. 

Aug.  20.  At  Murree,  the  wife  of  J.  0.  Bushman, 
n.M.'s  2lMt  Light  Dragoons,  a  dau. 

S^pt.  3.  At  Bangalore,  Madras,  the  wife  of 
Captain  Greenway,  H.M.'sSOth  M.N.I.,  a  son. 

8tpt.  6.  At  Dinapore,  the  wife  of  Lieut.  Henry 
Montgomery  Burlton,  of  H.M.'s  Bengal  Army, 
A  dau. 

Sept.  7.  At  Simla,  the  wife  of  Lleut.-Col.  C.  H. 
Blunt,  a  dau. 

Srpt.  8.  At  Simla,  the  wife  of  Major  Connell, 
B..\.,  a  son. 

Sept.  10.  At  St.  Thomas's  Mount,  Madras,  the 
wife  of  Capt.  K.  H.  Couchman,  Assist.  i4)utant- 
Oeneral,  Madras  Artillery,  a  dau. 

At  Jhansi,  Central  India,  the  wife  of  C.  O'L.  L. 
Prendergast,  esq.,  H.M.'s  52nd  Rcgt.,  a  son. 

Sfpf.  14.  At  Kmg  WUliam's-town,  British 
Kaffrnria,  the  wife  of  Col.  Arthur  Home,  2nd 
Batt.  13th  Light  Infantry,  a  son. 

Sept.  16.  At  Madras,  the  wife  of  W.  8.  White- 
side, esq.,  H.M.'s  Madras  Civil  Service,  a  dau. 

Srpt.  23.  At  Belgaum,  Bombay,  the  wife  of 
Capt.  Edward  William  Bray,  H.M.'s  83rd  Kcgt., 
a  son. 

Srpt.  28.  At  Simla,  the  wife  of  Capt.  A.  R. 
Fuller,  Royal  (Intc  Bengal)  Artillery,  Dircdor 
ot  Public  Instruction  in  the  Punjaub,  a  son, 

Oct.  8.  At  Hputh  Villas,  Penge,  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  Jafl.  Turner,  a  dau. 

At  Kurracheo,  the  wife  of  Major  W.  L.  Mere- 
wether,  CD.,  a  sen. 

Oct.  12.  At  Trivandrum,  Travancore,  the  wife 
of  Major  Greenaway,  Madras  Staff  Corps,  a  dau. 

Oct.  16.  At  Malu,  the  wife  of  Major  Webber 
Smith,  22nd  RpgL,  a  dau. 

At  Dover,  the  wife  of  Capt.  J.  Lawrance  Bol- 
ton, R.A.,  a  dau. 

Oct.  17.  At  Bewick  Folly,  Northumberland, 
the  wife  of  John  Riddell,  esq.,  a  son. 

Oct.  19.  At  Melton-hall,  near  Woodbridge,  the 
wife  of  J.  R.  Wood,  esq.,  a  son. 

Oct.  20.  At  Icklcton,  Cambridgeshire,  the  wife 
of  the  Rev.  F.  S.  Margetts,  a  dau. 

Oct.  21.  At  Twickenham,  the  wife  of  George 
Booth,  esq.,  a  wn. 

In  Ipiwr  Brook-8t.,  Mrs.  Edward  Hamilton, 
a  son. 

Oct.  22.  In  Chesterfleld-st.,  Mayfalr,  the  Hon. 
Mrs.  Okeover,  a  dau. 

In  Wyndham-pl.,  Bryanston>sq.,  the  wife  of 
Gknt.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXI. 


the  Rev.  G.  Cresplgny  La  Motte,  Rector  of  Den* 
ton,  Kent,  a  son. 

In  Devonshlre-pl.,  W.,  the  wife  of  Gordon  E. 
Surtees,  e«)q.,  a  dau. 

At  the  Court,  Wellington,  Somerset,  the  wife 
of  George  Smith  Fux,  esq.,  a  son. 

Oct.  23.  At  Repton,  Burton-on-Trent,  the  wife 
of  the  Rev.  W.  Johnson,  a  eon. 

At  Hurst-green,  Sussex,  the  wife  of  the  Ber. 
H.  Stobart,  a  son. 

At  the  Rocks,  Gloucestershire,  (the  residence  of 
her  father,  Mr.  Serjeant  Wrangham,)  the  wife  of 
Henry  Calley,  esq.,  of  Burderop-park,  Wilts, 
a  son. 

At  Monk  Okehampton,  the  wifo  of  the  Ber.  H. 
M.  Northeote,  a  son. 

At  Fern-lodge,  Campden-hill,  Kensington,  th« 
wife  of  the  Rev.  S.  A.  Brooke,  a  dau. 

Oct.  24.  At  Bedhampton,  Hants,  the  wife  of 
Captain  Hayes,  R.N.,  a  son. 

At  Ham,  Surrey,  the  wife  of  Frederick  Morton 
Eden,  esq.,  a  dau. 

At  Richmond,  Surrey,  Mrs.  Lelth  Roes,  of 
Amage,  Aberdeenshire,  N.B..  a  son. 

At  West  Moulsey-lodge,  Surrey,  the  wife  of 
Capt.  Draffen,  Royal  Marine  Artillery,  a  dau. 

Oct.  25.  At  the  Abbey,  Celbridge,  Ireland, 
the  wife  of  C.  Langdale,  esq.,  a  son. 

At  Chester,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Henry  Vena- 
blrs,  a  dau. 

At  the  Tower,  London,  the  wife  of  Surgeon* 
Major  Nicoll,  Grenadier  Guards,  a  dau. 

At  the  Rectory,  Hautbois,  Norfolk,  the  wife  of 
the  Rev.  J.  C.  Girling,  a  son. 

At  the  Parsonage,  Bramley,  Yorkshire,  the 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Samuel  Joy,  a  son. 

At  Langley,  Eling,  Southampton,  the  wife  of 
Drummond  B.  Wingrove,  esq.,  a  son. 

At  the  Vicarage,  Prampton-on-Sevem,  the  wib 
of  the  Rev.  Ferdinand  St.  John,  a  son. 

Oct.  26.  At  Kirkmichael-honse,  Dom fries-shirt* 
the  wife  of  Lleut.-Col.  Luke  White,  M.P.,  a  son. 

At  Sway-house,  near  Lymington,  Hants,  the 
wife  of  Lieut.-Col.  O.  A.  Grimston,  a  son. 

At  Monkstown,  Cork,  the  wife  of  Major  Com* 
wall,  late  93rd  Highlanders,  a  son. 

At  the  Grange,  Belgrave,  Leicestershire,  the 
wife  of  Major  Chester,  a  son. 

At  Toddington,  Gloucestershire,  the  wife  of 
the  Rev.  W.  D.  Stanton,  a  dau. 

At  Shrewsbury,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Walter  Wing- 
field,  a  son. 

At  Delbury-hall,  Shropshire,  the  wife  of  Edw. 
Wood,  esq.,  a  dan. 

4x 


674 


Birthi. 


[Dec. 


At  SuD^erlaad,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Extcoort 
Dar,  3Gth  Cameronians,  a  soo. 

Al  ProT09t>road,  Harer^tock-hill,  Mat  wife  of 
A.  W.  Williamion,  e«i^  F.R.S.,  a  daa. 

At  Boctreror,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Moore,  Royal 
J«aneashire  ArtiUeryv  a  ton. 

At  the  Parsonage,  DUley,  Cheshire,  the  wife 
of  the  Rer.  C.  J.  Satterthwaite,  a  dao. 

The  wife  of  the  Rer.  F.  K.  Clarke,  M.  A.,  Head 
Hatter  of  the  Grammar-flchool,  StafBord,  a  dao. 

Oct.  11.  At  BranstOD  Rectorjr,  Lincoln,  the 
Hon.  Mrs.  A.  S.  Leslie  Melrille,  a  dao. 

At  Woolwich,  the  wife  of  Major-Gen.  Toite, 
B.A.,  a  son. 

In  Berfcelej-eq.,  the  wife  of  Georfre  Glyno 
Petre,  esq.,  H.M.*8  Secretary  of  Legation  at 
Hanover,  a  won. 

At  Wejmooth,  the  wife  of  the  Rer.  W.  L. 
Beran,  Vicar  of  Ilaj,  a  son. 

At  the  Rojal  Laboratorj,  Gotport,  the  wife  of 
Capt.  Bayly,  R.A.,  a  dao. 

At  Broseley  Rectory,  Salop,  the  wife  of  the 
Rer.  R.  U.  Cobbold,  a  son. 

OeL  28.  In  Cheaham-place,  Mrs.  Pakenham 
Mahon,  a  dao. 

At  Swynnerton-park,  the  wife  of  Basil  HUher- 
bert,  esq.,  a  son. 

Oct.  29.  In  £aton-pl.  West,  Mrs.  Robert  Capel 
Core,  a  son. 

At  Honfleor,  Normandy,  the  wife  of  J.  O. 
Thompson,  esq.,  Madras  Ciril  Serrice,  a  dao. 

At  Lake-hooise,  Wilts,  the  wife  of  the  Re?.  Ed- 
ward Doke,  a  dao. 

At  Dondalk,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Chadwick,  14th 
Hossars,  a  dao. 

The  wife  of  John  HomAreyB  Parry,  esq.,  ser- 
Jeant-at-Iaw,  a  son. 

At  Barwell  Rectory,  Leicestershire,  the  wife 
of  the  Rer.  Christopher  Barrow,  a  dao. 

At  Brook.lodge,  Cheadle,  Cheshire,  the  wife  of 
Colin  George  Ross,  efiq.,  a  dao. 

In  Berkeley -sq.,  the  wife  of  the  Rer.  John  A. 
Blackett  Ord,  of  Whitfield,  Northomberland, 
It  dao. 

Oct.  30.  At  Castle-hill,  Deron,  the  Coontess 
Fortescoc,  a  son. 

At  Roseneath,  Armagh,  the  wife  of  the  Rer. 
J.  E.  Cofliello,  a  dao. 

At  Fcrmoy,  co.  Cork,  the  wife  of  Major  Godley, 
a  son. 

At  We^t  Cowes,  the  wife  of  the  Rer.  Edgar 
Silver,  a  dao. 

In  Gloocester-tcrr.,  Regents-park,  the  wife  of 
Fnd.  Wi  lis  Farrcr,  e^q.,  a  son. 

At  Polham- houiie,  Berks,  the  wife  of  the  Rev. 
Ilenn-  B.  Wilder,  a  dao. 

At  Madtley  Vicarage,  Staffordshire,  the  wife 
of  the  llev.  Thos.  W.  Daitry,  M  A.,  a  son. 

At  Chi'll-hxlgc,  near  Tonstail,  the  wife  of  C. 
Malp.tM,  e>q.,  a  M>n. 

V't.  31.  In  N€'w-f»t.,  iSpring-gardens,  the  wife 
of  W.  (;.  Uoinaine,  esq.,  C.IJ.,  Secretary  to  the 
Admir.ilty,  a  son. 

At  Dawlisb,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Robert  Le 
Marchunt,  a  dau. 

In  the  Cathedral  Precincts,  Canterbory,  the 
wife  of  the  Her.  Thos.  Hirst,  a  dao. 


At  Dover,  the  wife  of  Archifanld  TTtmiltna 
Bell,  esq.,  R..\.,  a  son. 

At  DorringtoQ  Parsonage,  Salop,  the  wife  of 
the  Rev.  T.  P.  ^^liite,  a  dao. 

At  Pocklington,  the  wile  of  the  Rer.  £.  B. 
Slater,  a  son. 

At  Woolvich,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Chas.  nunt<-r, 
H.M.'f  Bengal  .\rtmery,  a  dao. 

Sot.  1.  At  .Vberdeen,  the  Hoo.  Lady  Abcr- 
cromby,  of  Birkenbog  and  Furglen,  a  son. 

At  Rotland-gate,  the  Lady  William  Comptoa, 
a  dao. 

yotw.  2.  The  wife  of  Ridley  Thompson,  esq., 
Paston-hall,  Peterboroogh,  a  dau. 

At  Haverstock-hiU,  the  wife  of  Stephen  Martin 
Leake,  esq.,  a  son. 

Not.  3.  In  Grafton-st.,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Spezxer 
Ponsonby,  a  dao. 

At  Famham,  Sonvy,  the  Hon.  Sirs.  Henry 
Hogh  Clitrord,  a  dao. 

At  the  Rectory,  Stainton  le  Vale,  Caistor, 
Lincolnshire,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  Francis  Hogh 
Deane,  B.D.,  a  son. 

At  Milverton-coort,  Somersetshire,  the  wife  of 
Bichard  Weedon,  esq.,  a  dao. 

At  Hatfield  Peverel  Mcarage,  the  wife  of  the 
Bev.  Bixby  G.  Loan),  a  son. 

At  Gosport,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Chas.  McArthor, 
B.M.L.L,  a  dao. 

At  Great  Marlow,  the  wife  of  the  Rer.  P.  Hen. 
Boissler,  a  son. 

Xor.  A.  In  Hereford-st.,  Park-lane,  the  Mar- 
chioness of  Carmarthen,  a  son. 

At  the  Vicarage,  Barrow-on-Humber,  the  Hon. 
Mrs.  Machell,  a  son. 

At  Balham,  Sorrey,  the  wife  of  Lieut.-Col.  W. 
D.  Grant,  a  son. 

At  Crockham  Parsonage,  Kent,  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  R.  Vincent,  a  duo. 

At  Tavistock,  Devon,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  M. 
J.  Poller,  a  son. 

At  Stonehoose,  the  wife  of  Lieut.  Thomas  W. 
Chdpiian,  R.N.,  H.M.S.  "  Centurion, ••  a  dau. 

Xor.  5.  In  Oxford-sq.,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Slingsby 
Bethel  I,  twin  sons. 

In  Oxford-terr.,  Hydepk.,  the  wife  of  Capt. 
H.  B.  Young,  R.N.,  a  son. 

At  Cheshont,  Herts,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  M.  B. 
Bailey,  a  son. 

At  Worthing,  the  nifeof  the  Rev.  O.  M.  Bidler, 
a  son. 

At  SouthncU,  Notte,  the  wife  of  Captain  Sher- 
lock, late  74ih  Highlanders,  a  son. 

Nov.  6.  At  Bacton  Vicanige,  Norfolk,  the  wife 
of  the  Rev.  James  Camper  Wright,  a  son. 

At  Paris,  the  wife  of  Charles  Toll  Bidwell.  esq., 
H.B.M.'s  Vice-Consol  at  Panama,  a  son. 

At  Kington,  Worcester,  the  wife  of  the  Rev. 
Charles  R.  Evcrs,  a  dao. 

At  Hooton,  the  wife  of  the  Rev.  John  Owen, 
a  son. 

Xot.  7.  In  £aton-sq..  Lady  Emily  Cavendish, 
a  dao. 

At  Cheltenham,  the  wife  of  Col.  Clement  A. 
Edwards,  C.B.,  49th  Regt.,  a  son. 

The  wife  of  Bnikley  J.  Mackworth  PnM4,  esq., 
a  son. 


1861.] 


Births. — Mamaffes, 


075 


Kiiv,  B.    At  Bray,  tb«  wife  of  Colonel  D.  M. 

I"    At  Podyworp  Hettorr,  ftomer#et,  the  irif^  of 

•  Rev,  Alfred  Hif  htofi,  a  «ou. 

At  Krn*<iiigfton,  the  wido*-  of  lTi*nr>*  Grnnt 
Fixjte,M!q.,  Itil*  H.B.M/»  Consul  wt  I,sifri>n»  ii  smui. 

At  Allilcim*,  the  wife  of  Capt.  Georffi*  lljiuiittom 
Gordon,  K'tynl  Engrlncew^  a  fon. 

Xor.  9  At  Deer-pk.»  Devon,  tlie  Lfltif  Frmncc* 
Li'idMiy,  A  Kin. 

At  Wcoiwirb,  Mm.  Wolter  Chldtock  Kanffle* 
n  son. 

At  ^anf^imle,  tti«  wift  of  Major  TAn  Strantk^- 
upc,  A.ri,C.t:t  Hoii. 

A'ow.  11.  In  Deifon«blr<?-pl.,  PonlAnd^pl.,  W., 
h"  nifeof  Gcntriil  ■^ir  John  Attctil^un,  i  Dom. 

At  Y'anwunht  near  N«rllilp»chi,  xht  wifieof  the 
Hfv*  W.  If.  hliuton,  a  son. 

>0t».  12.  The  wire  of  the  Eton.  W.  Hftrhord, 
La  *on. 

At  Aflh brook,  Lnndonderrji  the  wife  of  John 
Barre  Beretirord,  wq.,  of  Lettrmoimt,  «  dau. 

i^or^  U.  At  IJetllnT-bouBW?,  L.iiuirk)thire,  the 
wif<f  of  T,  Cni\(r  Cbnt^tie,  e»q,,  of  Bedlsy  and 
Pt'^crjthilU  a  dnu. 

A'o''.  Ifl.  At  Mueh  Cowtume  VIcKWfp,  Here- 
|ftlbrd8hlrc?,  tlio  wife  of  the  Her.  E.  DartoD,  a  dau* 


At  Ycllrh'w  Ho^cb  Eillnhnrrb,  the  *ife  of  th« 
n«n.  Georj^e  Frrd^ricV  Boyle,  a  dau* 

Irt  Lupu^Hftt,,  St.  Gfori^e*ft-road,  the  wife  of 
the  R'-v.  Ooorgr  D.  W,  Hickson,  u  d.iu. 

Aor.  IC.  At  Shoebnrimess,  the  wife  of  Cob 
W.  B.  GardniT,  R  A.,  a  dan. 

At  Chrhrt  Colleg*,  the  wife  of  Capt-  Gerard 
Xnpier,  K.N.,  a  pon. 

Nov.  17.    A I  E  ton  College,  the  wife  of  the  Rct. 

C.  WnUcT,  ft  fon. 

At  Sydn^y-bouN?,  Southamptmi,  the  rt?«idcnce 
of  her  mother,  Ibe  i»ife  of  Major  Hoaw,  a  dan. 

At  Grcnt  HTceping  Beetory,  Uneofnahli*,  the 
wifu  of  the  Rev.  Artiiur  Wright,  a  son. 

At  C:annoTj-balU  Banialeyi  the  wife  of  Mr. 
W«U'r  Spencer  Stanhope,  a  won. 

A*»r.  18.  At  8t.  Ann'a  Parwnaffef  Hinper- 
Inne,  Smmfftrd-bill.  the  wife  ci^  the  Rer.  John 

D.  I^cttd,  M.A„  Incumbent  of  8L  Ann*#,  and 
tv«me»tic  CtiBplaiti  to  the  Riifht  lion,  the  Karl 
Ferrerfi,  a  noo. 

At  CleriHlon,  the  wife  of  Uent.-Co!.  Maxwell 
Hy»ln)>.  a  daii. 

A>e.  20,  The  wife  of  the  Rev,  I^wford  W, 
T.  Dale^  a  ion. 

A^CotOtt.hnL,  Shtewibury,  the  wife  of  Joha 
Trice,  esq.,  ft  aoa. 


MAimiAGES. 


Jniy  20.  At  St  KiTilo,  l^etbou^l^  Gcf^T|re, 
eblr'^t  »o«  of  Kdward  Maunm*!!,  CJ»q.,  of  Deer- 
imrk,  eo.  C'lire,  to  Maria  Mutild-Ji.  fifth  dan.  of 
Capt.  W  Tilcadowft  BrownrigK,  of  Sydney, 
and  (n^Lndd&u.  Of  the  late  Gen.  Thomaa  Brown- 
riffK- 

AHif,  50,  At  Bolnndibor,  N.-W,  Prorincca, 
Ctndlai  Fredk.  Elliot,  e^q.,  C.s.,  mn  of  Kcjir- 
Admiral  Sir  Charles  Elliot,   K.C.B.,   to  Marcia 

irdelK  younge*!  d  lu.  of  the  lato  Lieal.-C<i1. 
Jfjhn  Rjilpli  Ooseley.  Bengal  Army, 

A^0.    31,    At   Victoria,  Varcourer'a   Inland, 

iarlc^»  Hfvond  »on  of  the  Rev.  Henry  Good, 

L.B.,  of  Wimbnme  Mlnvtrr,  l>nr?ct shire,  to 
fAlice^  funrth  diu.  of  H.E..bin]e*  Itoufrla^,  C.B., 
*^i>vpmor  of  British  ColtunbU  and  Vnneoirver'a 

ibnd. 

^W^f,  f.  At  TletortBt  Tancou^er*!  Island,  1, 
r  'nil,  f«q.,  of  LlneolnN  Inn,  barri^ter- 

it  '  rni'-Grtier.d  of  the  Coloiir,  lo  Ellf  a- 

b^    .  ...I,  yutitK^'M  dau.  of  EdwArd  Abbott, 

,  ofFeUwell-loilfre.  Norfolk. 

8'pi.  m.  \\  Sinil  I,  FltRi-oy  WIIkio,  Llent  Snd 
^altutiutit   Uiflc   Hr»(fade»  fourth  son  of  IJcury 

lUon,  e««<|.,  of  Slow  Ian  gtofl,  Suffolk^  to  Annie 
;ll/i.,  ddc^  linu,  of  Col.  Lao^hton,  of  lI.M/a 

•nurtl  Enifinfer*. 

^}tt.  27,    Al  Chrltenbnm,  Fdwyn  J.  Slai^e- 

ajf,  esiq.,  M.l>.,  of  Wtllow-houac,  Wmihlpflon, 
y,  only  aim  of  John  Klnif,  **i»q.,  M.O  »  of 

e  Row-ctofl,  npirSlrowl,,  to  Marynnti*,  rntly 
of  the  Uto  T.  h:tnipjioQ,  r-q,,  of  Hi.  Sid- 
ireir*,  Exeter,  an«i  «  ,rUi,,i,  ,.,|,d  fnr.in<idaa.  of 
the  laie  Sir  Jame»  I.  .of  N't  ray. 

iMU  3.    At  Bit.  *  (fieilMl,  Mndrtf, 


Hrnry  IJonywnod  Hnffhe*  tlallett,  Llen^  II.M,*« 
Klh  Rt'gt.  M.N,1.,  wcond  non  of  the  laie  Tharlei 
Tluphc*  llallett,  epq.»  Madran  Civil  Sefviee,  to 
Oearfrina,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Iter.  C.  E« 
Macleod. 

Ocf.  10.  At  AU  ^linta',  Fulfaam,  the  Rer.  Joe. 
lnne»,  Chaplain  of  ibc  Refuge,  Fulham,  to 
Ciithcrlnc,  widow  of  Geo.  Cosby  ]lar]>ourf  caq*, 
of  Ca*lletown,  I^le  of  Man. 

At  Bury  ^t,  Edimind'n,  John  Vj^ie  K>lly»  eaq., 
of  Norman  Cot'afre,  Yaxley »  Hmitintrdmiihlre, 
to  JTUlia,  dan.  of  the  bite  Her.  Henry  Yeatet 
Smythiea.  \'i«ir  of  Statiground-with^Faroet, 
Hontioprfion^hire. 

At  liiiii^alore,  Li«nt-Col.  J.  L.  Barrow,  Madras 
Artilkrjs  to  B/mily  France*,  youtigrst  dan.  of  the 
Ule  Lieut.-CoU  Bryee  MeMa»t«^r,  of  the  Madraa 
Army. 

Oct.  14.  At  Wreay.  r4ir)jp.le,  W.  L«inberl  Howe, 
e*q.,  Capt,  North  Cork  KiHt'^,  yt-inijfe^t  wn  of 
the  bt '  R-mdall  Howe,  esq.,  of  .VrbQlua-lodge, 
CO.  Cork,  to  Catherine  Nony,eld«-«l  iliiu.  of  Bear-* 
Adm,  I'cunell,  of  ILavcnnde,  near  rarli^Jc. 

At  SUpton,  Yorlti»hire,  CbnrlcM  Woolnouftb, 
eeq.,  M.A.,  to  Adtdaide,  dau,  of  Henry  Alcock, 
e»q,,  of  Airrillr,  near  Skiptcin. 

At  SI.  MatthinH*.  KirUmood,  SorrcT,  Robert  \„ 
Stmrf,  mq.,  E  iltihurfb,  to  Maria  Camphrll  nill, 
aeetmfl  dau.  of  tha  lite  B«T.  GeOTfTO  Richard 
Anatey. 

Oct.  17.  At  m  Oilea\  Beadinf,  if ajor  G.  Bhmlcw, 
unalla  hei,  to  SflfaS  Ellen,  eldest  dnu.  of  Win. 
Sheep^hankn,  esq.,  of  Leetl^  flnd  H  irropnte. 

Oef,  'J2.  At  St  N'inlau'i*,  OletTUrvjntifirt.  Tn- 
Tcracte^hir«,  Major  Cameron,  1»t  M^dmii  Light 


676 


Marriagea. 


[Dec 


Car^rr.  to  Mariann,  joanire*!  dan.  of  the  late 
Col.  I]:>nkir.s  MadraA  Annv. 

At  Wak-ot,  Bath,  Jobn,  yoGn^e«>t  »on  of  the 
\tn  Li#rut.-Col.  Stone,  H.M.*»  54ta  Ktfrt.,  lo 
Hopb'a  Blanche,  jounfre^t  dao.  of  the  late  CapL 
Edniund  Palmrr,  R.N.,  C.B. 

At  Ea-t  Knofle.  Wiltfs  Edmund  nenxyLenon, 
caq,,  V.C.,  67th  Be^,  to  Marr  Marpiret,  third 
dan.  of  the  £ev.  Cro<)bie  Morgell,  Kcctor  of 
Knoyle. 

At  Walcot  ChOTch,  Bath,  Charles  Rennj 
Blair,  e«q.,  Lieut.  H.M.'s  Indian  Armj,  joun^  «t 
•on  of  the  late  Capt  Edward  Macleod  Blair, 
Beniral  Cavalry,  to  Juliana,  third  i^urriving  dao. 
of  Capt.  I^wrenceB.  WiUia&u,  R.N.,  of  Spring- 
fleld-lod(^. 

At  the  Ko«aet  Church,  Cre^ford,  the  Rer.  E. 
W.  Newcome,  of  LeaTcsden,  Ilertfl,  ycmngcst  son 
of  the  late  Rev.  Thou.  Newcomc,  Rector  of  Shen- 
krf,  to  Margaret,  wcood  dan.  of  the  late  Frank 
Boydell,  e«q.,  of  Chc*tcr. 

At  Newton,  near  Sudbury,  the  Rev.  W.  M. 
TownHend,  Incumbent  of  Finborouirh  Panra, 
Huffolk,  eldeot  i^on  of  the  late  William  Townwnd, 
eiiq.,  of  New-hall,  Waterfall.  Staffordshire,  to 
CJharlotte,  eldr-Ht  dau.  of  the  late  WUliam  Croese, 
CM].,  of  Onehou.-w^.hall,  near  Stowmarket. 

At  St.  PaulV,  Malu,  G.  Fred.  Sheppard,  c«i., 
Bombay  Civil  Service,  son  of  G.  W.  Sheppard, 
e«q.,  of  Fromcfield-houKO,  Frome,  to  Adeline 
BabingU>n,  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  B.  Peile,  of 
Hatfield,  UertH. 

At  Richmond,  Surrey,  the  Bj^r.  Francin  He»- 
■cy,  D.C.L.,  Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Ox- 
ford, and  Incumbent  of  St.  Bumabaji,  Kensing- 
ton, to  Julia  I>conora,  only  surviving  dan.  of  the 
late  Thomas  Alexander  Oukes,  eM).,  of  the  Ma- 
dras Civil  Service. 

At  Brxliitm,  Susnex,  Thomas  Foljambe,  esq., 
of  Holme-Field,  Yorkiihire,  to  Lydia  Mary,  dau. 
of  the  late  John  Luxford,  ei»q.,  of  Higham, 
t>ni4S(>x . 

At  Christ  Church,  Ealing,  the  Rev.  Edmond 
T.  Butler,  to  Georgina  Frances,  dau.  of  George 
Kruns,  esq. 

At  Holy  Trinity,  Paddington,  John,  third  son 
of  Robert  Uillman,  esq.,  of  the  Grove,  Lyme 
Kegis,  Dorset,  to  liixta,  eldest  dau.  of  George 
Elers,  esq.,  of  Sprmgflcld-lodge,  Somersetshire, 
and  Oluuces'er-tcrr,,  llyde-park-gardens. 

At  Olney,  the  Rev.  Edward  Synge  Wilson,  to 
Elizabeth  Sutah,  e:de^t  dau.  of  the  late  BcnJ. 
Coles,  VM\.,  of  Olney. 

At  St.  Miehael'M,  Chester-sq.,  the  Rer.  Barnard 
Bmith,  M.A.,  Hector  of  Glaston,  Rutlandshire, 
late  Fellow  of  St.  Peter's  College,  Cumbridge,  to 
Clara,  duu.  of  the  late  Richard  Crawshay,  esq., 
of  OtterNhaw-park,  Surrey. 

Oct.  2a  At  Dawlish,  John  Onslow  Walls,  of 
Uncoln'ii-inn,  barriHter-ut-law,  and  of  Warleigh* 
hxlge,  Buthford,  Somerset,  to  Ctroline  Mary, 
youngest  duu.  of  Major  Vere  Webb,  of  Bath, 
formerly  of  the  Rifle  Brigade. 

At  Delgany,  James  C.  McDowell,  esq.,  of  Gal- 
way,  to  Louisa  Frances  Lumley,  dau.  of  the  lute 
Bev.  Arthur  Moore,  Rector  of  Walpolc  SI.  Peter's, 
Horfulk. 


At  Sutton  Veoy,  Alfred  Charles,  ac«ond  mc  of 

Ge*)r(re  Morton,  e*q.,  of  lyarrtnden,  Osprinee, 
Kent,  to  Charlotte  .%nne,  ool;*  daa.  and  rarviviBf 
ehild  of  Stephen  Neale,  e^.*  of  5attoii  Vcny, 
Wilu. 

Oct.  24.  At  Kingiliie,  Inrera^ca-ehire,  the  Rer. 
Char:e4  Kirkby  Robouon,  M.A.,  Mastf>r  of  St. 
Catnerine's  College,  Cambridge,  and  Canoa  c/ 
Norwich,  to  Margaret  Clifford  MclTolle,  dao.  of 
the  Ute  Major  Ludorick  Stewart,  of  H.M/a  24'± 
Begt. 

At  St.  Nicholas,  Brighton,  John  Hajskins.  efq^ 
of  Hadlow-hoose,  Mayfleld,  Sussex,  and  Elm- 
grove,  Ventnor,  Isle  of  Wight,  to  Jurephine,  dao. 
of  the  late  John  Walter  Halme,  eaq.,  CThicf  Jus- 
tice of  Hongkong. 

At  Ker^l,  near  Manebester,  the  Rer.  John 
Chas.  Ryle,  B.A.,  Vicar  of  Strudbroke,  and  late 
Rector  of  Helmingham,  Suffolk,  to  Henrietu 
Amelia,  third  dau.  of  Lieut. -Col.  Clowtt,  of 
Broughton  Old  Hall,  Lancashire. 

At  Great  Oxendon,  Northiunptonsh.,  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Francis  Burges  Goodacre,  c^econd  son  of  the 
late  John  Goodacre,  esq.,  of  Lotterwortb-hoose, 
Leicestershire,  to  Haimah  Jane,  younger  dao.  of 
George  Harrison,  esq.,  of  Oxendon-hoiue. 

At  Swanmore,  Hants  R  >bert  Seymoar  Adams, 
esq.,  of  Lymington.  to  Eli/^  Mary,  only  dan.  of 
the  Lite  Edward  Scard,  esq.,  of  Kew,  J. P.  for 
Middlesex  and  Surrey. 

At  Combe  Down,  near  Bath,  Montagu  G.  J. 
Blackbume,  esq.,  B.A.,  of  Jesns  College,  Cam- 
bridge, to  Laura  Ellen,  only  duu.  of  the  late  Thoa. 
Drayton,  esq.,  of  Charmouth,  Dorset. 

At  St.  James's,  Piccadilly,  Thomas  Balstoa, 
esq ,  of  Chart  Sutton,  Kent,  to  Ellen  Frances, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Bct.  W.  M.  Oliver,  Kecior  of 
Boringer,  Fj»sex. 

At  St.  Mary  Bredin,  Canterbury,  the  Rey.  Chu^ 
Buckner,  B.D.,  of  Whyke-housc,  Chiche»tcr, 
Rector  of  West  Stoke,  Sus^ex,  to  Emma  Roberta, 
second  dau.  of  the  late  John  James  Pieroe,  esq., 
of  Canterbury. 

At  Upton  St.  Leonard's,  B.  St.  John  Ackers, 
esq.,  only  surviving  son  of  James  Ackers,  eiK].,  of 
Prinknash-pk.,  Gloucesteri^h.,  to  Louisa  Claris 
Jane,  eldest  dau.  of  Charles  Brooke  Hont,  esq.,  of 
Bowden-hall,  in  the  same  county. 

At  Budleiuh,  Devon,  Edward  W.  Ravenrcroft, 
esq.,  of  H.M.'s  Bombay  Civil  Service*,  to  Laora 
Stan  fell,  youngest  duu.  of  the  late  Joseph  Barnes 
Sanders,  esq.,  of  Exeter. 

At  Aldbourne,  Wilts,  the  Rev.  J.  E.  Langford 
Suin.sbury,  of  Combe  Keynes,  to  Susan  Frances, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  G.  P.  Clcathcr,  Vicar  of 
Aldbourne. 

At  St.  Nicholas,  Brighton,  George  Parkyn^ 
Knocker,  esq.,  son  of  Cajit.  Kn«>cker,  R.N.,  of 
Dover,  to  Caroline,  second  turviving  dau.  of  the 
Rev.  John  Arnold  Wallinger,  of  Marine-parade, 
Brighton. 

At  Charles' Church,  Plymouth,  Frederick  Ilync, 
esq.,  of  St.  Helier's,  Jersey,  to  Louisa  Frances, 
dau.  of  Cupt.  W.  J.  Scitdamore,  R.N. 

At  St.  Saviour's,  Paddington,  Charles  SUniield 
Richardson,  esq.,  of  Bayford-hall,  H.tir%M^  third 
wn  of  Wm.  Richardson,  esq^  ofGrange-wtsceut, 


ISfil.] 


Marriages. 


677 


Frinili'ilAnil,  to  Florenee  Sophia,  dnit,  ctf  Com- 
runndcr  Clinilw  Ilcnaley,  11. N.,  of  Ddamtte- 
Wre^rin*!,  Ilydc^-parlti 

.  t>i^'iU.  Ai  Wurttxinf.  Ueuunro. Cecil Oooeh, 
0Srtl  Iliirli1'>ti«i<'r!«,  to  Pn'dcrlka  C'ltorlottc  Agvctab, 
third  d/iu.  of  the  bfe  Wm,  0(unVicr»  enq. 

At  Sf.  *>rf>phfin'»,  tHihUn,  ThntnA*  Ui^lchitiRoii 
T:  ,  D.C  L.,  Atirocatc,  Dlx^tors'  Com- 

n  ,  dtiu.  of  the  lute  Very  Rev.  Tliti*. 

J ..  .--U,  UfeftQ  of  Ciojrae,  »iui uf  the  Lady 

Annn  de  Burfib. 

Ocl.  2U.  At  Iliirtahead.  Yorkablrc,  Wroth 
AtUnU,  Mfftmii  ntnt  t»r  sir  John  LethhHdjfe, 
Wri,,  of  aanilhUUpark,  Sumefntflj'hirf,  lo  Arm 
WUlium»,  hrtioiul  dmu.  of  TliuniiiN  UenyuUj,  «»q«t 
orTliorp  Areli,  VurktldiT. 

At  St.  MiiryV,  Chr-Urnhom,  John,  eldest  Aon  of 
|hf>  l.-itr  AtrhlhiiU  lljirvi>y.  esq.,  of  CtAw-huiu'tft 
00.   I.<M»dtmiierrf»   to  Btnily.  younifest  duu,  of 
,      fbn  l>ito  %\T  VViu.  OldiutU  UUAndU  Chkf  JiuiU» 
or  BfUfful. 

At  llmldinieirin,  Olitrr,  only  wti  nf  John  Pafpet, 
«M|,,  iif  Uyi^res  Triin»^ylviu)li»,  to  Eileti,  jouttgrst 
dttu«  of  I'liui  k'*  I'ugvt,  etq.,  M.l\»  of  Euddinurtoa- 
gfoLlire,  Nona. 

At  8Jidinoath,  Dtvmi,  Hairy  Eden  9ff3mon, 
«iq»,  of  Cbeirtoi)  K«fa»haiD,  S.>iner»eUhir«,  to 
Jo^i»plltlWi  «ld/r»t  Ktmrrvtnie  dau«  of  the  hite  Ldw. 
StefihaiuiDiit  eM|.,  Major  Irtl  Daff><. 

At  IlenTitrec.  Exeter,  the  Bcr.  Wm.  Taaner 
Dii?y^  tu  4n«iiiinn  FranoeK,  ddeit  daa.  of  the  Ute 
J  1  .rnb,  ewi, 

%,  Dublia,  Bdward  Qenrr,  eldest 

•I. loLChai.Guniwsf,  Kon.kl.C.S., 

%0  Icanniv,  youngeir  diui.  of  the  Ute  WUliam 
FUsti^her,  ew). 

At  St.  Uilt«V  CftmbcrwelK  the  R«^t,  Riiinuel 
Bbcppai'd  IIiiT«t«  of  ifWtnihtowiu  Great  YjirtuouUi, 
to  Caroti       ■        '    '  ■    '     I  ,ie  temtMtl  aond, 

Mq.,  of  I 

At  M  Frsaeli  Edwurd 

Harvey,  cwim  oi  ^t.  i'eivri»biirft,  to  Marin,  •eoond 
dnu.  of  the  tli'V.  C.  Cooksoti,  Vlcnr  of  Miutey. 

At  St.  J.&iuc«*»,  rtuldingt'in,  Wiltiani  Lve,  eldwt 
Hon  of  the  lute  Mpc^rui^n  Johnatnoo.  esq.,  of 
MooQl-vilU,  ii«au-  Vork,  to  Anitie  Mui*,  ]N»iiiig«»t 
dau.  of  G.  S,  Ford,  r«q. 

At  81.  Marf't,  Bruuipton.  FltaroT  *f  ncphenson, 
««il.i  »3rd  ^otherUnd  Mi^lafider^  to  I  ^4 hello 
VL^tj ;  and,  at  the  Mine  dtue,  IrutirU  WiUl«iii| 
only  *tm  of  I'raocin  llolbTotk*?,  e«|.,  Kt>titoii, 
Drrhrahtrrt  to  Btnuiii  Gruirj^Ujia— duut.  of  Geo. 
U.  Seymour,  esq  ,  Hiflon-niaiKir*  near  Vuik. 

At  M*nitow,  Herrfordthirn  F'niiiob  WUliiui, 
yoQnire«t  «on  of  the  Itcv.  John  Ilerhert,  of  Gootl- 
ncb-hoii^,  iri  JaTie,  etdfrnt  dna.  of  the  lar^t  4ohD 
F«d»itma  Eckiey,  e«|.,  of  CredenhUI-fwrk,  Ilfre^ 
fordahJrc'. 

Off.  30.  At  Ht,  PiincrM.  London,  Frederick 
lfl«h»el,  Chlril  CMA  of  J.  Murttui,  esq.,  Cootinf 
C«»«tle,  K<<nuto  t^arah  Ann,  «eiood  dau.  of  H, 
Knritt,  e»q..  I'rmple,  near  Ro^hett^r. 

I  A*   "   '      fii:uity.   Brompton,    John    Oow^hftBI 

V  .    KrrieiiiKton,    to   Umtm  mien, 

v'  uf  the  Ute  A.  N.  llarriMB,  c«|., 

of  rieUi-hoii«e,  Bclper«  Derbyi^hlre. 


Eeid  LctnpHcre,  R.E.,  mon  of  the  late  Capt  W. 
C,  I>euipricre,  H-U.A.,  of  Ewell,  to  Annie, 
yovnfrer  dun.  of  the  Ute  Witi.  AtkiOMiti  Gardner, 
Goq.,  nnd  granddau.  of  Robftrt  Gardner,  e»q.,  of 
CtuMelcy. 

T.  Berenford  DfnUrr,  of  8t.  Jobn*a  CoUeire, 
Comb.,  and  of  the  Middle  Temple,  ontr  ran  of 
Chnrk*  DeaUry»  f4w|.,  of  Gmn«iilcm-l<Klf;e,  ble  of 
\\ighl,  and  frriindKcniof  thclate  Ue^\  G  Dcaltry, 
Btetur  of  Oul*»vlU  Norfolk,  to  Harriet  Churlollc 
Ci«ni()1uii,  dao.  of  the  Ute  A,  TmUl,  e«i.,  of 
Lower  hRrlc^'Uilt,  Lttncnahlre,  and  nieoe  of  the 
hte  T.  B>  rromptoQ,  caq.,  uf  Famvorth,  in  the 
•anie  county* 

At  Tartin,  Che*hire,  Rfohnrd,  fifth  non  of  the 
Ute  Kjtnmet  flocire,  esq.,  of  B«rapi»t<'iitl.  uml 
Cronirr,  Norfolk,  to  Soaan,  eldeat  dau.  of  CoL 
Tomkinjou,  of  the  WintnaUjn«,  Che^ldre. 

At  Lu«tlei(fh.  l>e*on,  (%»pi.  N.  H.  Harris,  R.A., 
to  Lo(U(4  A.,  eldest  dau.  of  tlie  Rev.  F.  Eoaor, 
Rector  of  the  piiri»h. 

Oct,  31.  At  i^i,  I'uurR,  Knightiibrldge,  R«ar- 
Adm.  the  llou.  Hir  Hejwy  Kepptl,  K.CH.,  to 
Jane  ElUattvlh,  eldest  dun.  of  Martin  J.  ^\^U 
esq.,  and  the  Lady  Mafia  Wc«t,  of  Cidogan-pt., 
Belfrnire-«i. 

At  Edinbnrfb,  Benjamin  Bart,  M.D.,  Snr^oa 
Bengal  Array,  Ld  Mitrion  LouUa,  only  tUu.  of  the 
Ute  liear-Adm.  James  JUldane  Tait,  R.N. 

At  All  Salnu*.  Leiiminf^ton,  Li»>ut.  Edward 
Thomoa  Nott,  H.M,3.  "  llimalnyn,"  cUle»t  «oq 
of  Copt.  Nott,  R.N.,  to  Mary  Harriet,  only  child 
of  the  Ute  IJeut.  G.  L.  H.  Baxely,  R.X, 

At  Brifhton,  John  Henry  iVile,  eeq.,  CapC* 
B.A.,  eldest  wn  of  the  Ifcev,  T.  VV.  piile,  U.D., 
Inctuubmt  of  St.  PatilV,  Hauipwlead,  to  Lucy, 
dau.  of  the  Ute  Percival  Nurth  BanturU,  eaq.,  of 
Stourpaine,  fiiondford,  I>or«etihi]ie. 

At  Crowhturvt,  Suiim?x,  ^muel,  yoatifreit  soil 
of  S.  Afthton,  PM).^  of  Fole-barik,  Oce  Croae, 
CbeHhtre,  to  France*  Miiria,  cecond  dau«  of 
Thou.  Papillon,  esq.,  of  CYowhQ^i(^pirk. 

KuT.  1.  At  iit.  Ocorge*^,  H.inover-9q.,  the 
R<'T.  John  Henry  Moran,  A.U..  Chapkin  of  the 
Corttict  Prifcon^  Brixton,  to  Dora,  fourth  dau.  of 
Tho».  Wade,  cm].,  of  Fairfield,  co.  G.ilway,  and 
granddnu.  of  the  Ute  Guatarua  Hume  Hochfort, 
Cftq,,  M.P.  for  We^tmcath. 

A'or.  2.  At  St.  Geor^'i,  Hanover-«q.,  Charle* 
Conibc,  etq.,  Cobhain-park,  Surrey,  to  Marlunne 
Harriet  Catherine,  only  dau.  of  the  Ute  LieiiU 
Patfick  InprliN  K,N. 

At  Sl»  Mttxy'w,  Weymottth,  Hay  Riebnrdj 
Mnf-tnt,  esq.,  of  the  Manor- houae.  KinKW'>ol, 
H.tnta,  necond  iion  of  the  Ute  John  Mora.t.e  q., 
and  the  I^dy  Caroline  Momnt,  of  Itroekenhurat* 
houji^,  Hant«,  to  Kliiabvth  Aline,  cldeiit  dau,  of 
the  lute  C'harl<»*  Fluder,  cmi-.  of  LymJnifton. 

At  Holy  Trinity.  Brumjtton,  VValicr  U.  Tre- 
Ifellaa,  vm*\.^  of  tJ>c  VVor-oHlcc,  elde»t  mix  of  J.  T. 
TreirclU«,eaq.,  of  Uau|rolleii,  to  ;Koe.  aeeood  dju* 
of  Chaov  Looaa,eaq,,  officmer^-atreet. 

HfiV.  S.  At  RoehainptoiB,  Martin  iUdJey,  eldest 
ann  of  Martin  Tiioker  Smith,  anq.,  M.P*,  to 
Bnxliy  Catheriae,  aeeond  dau.  of  Henry  Stuirt, 
c«q.,  of  Newton  Stevmrt,  K.B. 

At  i»L  Duoataii'a,  PleeMLi  Pmoli^  eldMt  aoa 


0  78 


Marriages. 


[Dec. 


of  th*  !ite  ITnn,  Mr.  Ja*tif«  Tilfoard.  D.C  L..  to 
Franrr^  I»n:]».\  Mor3nn.*««c<)nrl  dju.  of  Joiah 
Towne.  *-q.,  •ollrltf.r.  Mannte.  Kent. 

X/r.  6.  At  Rifiley,  Sarrev,  Thomu  Flliott 
Hiiffhc*.  Capt.  II.M.'o  Bt"  (nl  Art:! :<rry.  to  Rosalie 
Jane,  widow  of  Ilenrr  I,.«fe  IVnn?lI.  «*q.,  of  Bom- 
bar,  and  only  •urririnff'  d.ta.  of  the  late  Major 
0«or/e  W  1 1  ton  On-low,  Madrtii  Artillerr,  Briga- 
dier Coiimrindin;?  the  Nixam'si  Continent. 

At  All  Silnt-'.  K'-.iffht-bnd^.  Thomas  Miyo, 
M.D.,  I'rc-*i.lent  of  the  Royal  CoU'^Te  of  Phy4- 
c!an«,  to  Sri-i.ii  Mary,  widow  of  Rear-Admirml 
S.r  Wnn.  Srrrond.s  and  yoanffe«t  daa.  of  the  Ute 
Rer.  John  Bri-'pi,  Fellow  of  Kton  Col  e«e. 

At  Nyxrfnxen,  in  the  Nctherlandis  John  Tnrinfr 
Fer.ier.  e^.,  of  Bru««rl«.  fon  of  the  late  Sir 
Alexander  Kfrrier,  H.B.M.V  Consul  at  Rotter- 
dam, to  Loai«a,  dan.  of  the  late  Dr.  Stork,  of 
Zutphen,  and  widow  of  Jamea  Thehoff  Xoelt, 
esq.,  barrister,  Nymrjmen. 

At  Monk**  RLi>>oroaffh,  Rackn,  the  Rex.  Edw. 
Dnncan  Hall,  M..\.,  Rectnr  of  Coin  St.  Denia, 
Gloucestershire,  3oanr»-]>t  «on  of  the  late  Georve 
Wm.  H.S1I,  D.D.,  Master  of  Pembroke  Collece. 
Oxford,  and  Cancn  of  Cilo'jce^ter  C^itbedral,  to 
Sophia  KUzabf  th,  fotirth  dao.  of  the  Rer.  H.  W. 
J.  Boanch^mp.  Re«tor  of  Monlu'  Rii»boroa!zh. 

At  .St.  rtancrait.  London,  Henry  Jepfa«on  Mello, 
B.A.,  !«^ond  won  of  Wm.  Mello,  <kj.,  of  Chad- 
well,  Ware,  Herts  to  Adi  Charlotte,  aerenth 
dau.  of  the  Rer.  Jamef  C^ulfield  Browne,  D.C.L., 
Vicar  of  IhidlcT. 

At  Pre»twich,  the  Rer.  Wm.  Thai.  Du  Boalay, 
M.A  ,  !ion  of  Thomas  On  Boalay,  e«q.,  of  Sand- 
frate,  Kent,  to  Marjraret  Cort,  «econd  dan.  of  John 
"Wood,  e-q.,  of  S  dKley-hall,  Fre^twich. 

At  St.  Budeaiix,  DoTon,  Wm.  Barrett,  em).,  of 
Horton.  Somer^-eUh.,  Capt.  2nd  Somerwt  Militia, 
to  riiarlotte  M.iria  Htrrinr,  eldest  dau.  of  Wm. 
Whta'on  Chard,  r-q.,  of  .Mount  Tamar,  Deron. 

The  RcT.  G.  E.  ProMJotL  Rector  of  Di^swell, 
Ilcrt-,  to  Cirolinc  M.»r>-  We*thy,  oecond  dau.  of 
the  late  N.  We*.by,  e-q.,  and  of  the  Hon.  Mra. 
Wi  sthy,  of  York-cate,  K«  fr^nt'ii-park. 

AftT,  7.  At  I):i«li!«h.  the  Rer.  Gilbert  Lyon, 
B  .\.,  !=on  of  Gilliert  Lyon,  esq.,  M.D.,  Ciiflon,  to 
Alhinia  Mary,  dau.  of  Wm.  Fripp,  esq.,  J. P.  and 
D.L.  fi»r  the  county  of  (ilouccH«-r. 

At  .*4t.  Luke's  ClicJtrnhim,  Wm.  Ajnf,  esq., 
M  j'T  II  M.'i*  .^Ist  Litrht  Infantry,  only  son  of 
W.J,  \«s,  e!*q.,  of  Il^-wli-tt",  Gloucej-tcrj^hire,  to 
Ilratrix  >!i>  u  U-n,  yonnffc^t  diu.  of  the  late  John 
hir:.  e-q..  ot  H«  rmuda. 

.\t  Crordon.  Will-tm  Benjamin  Lejn^tt,  esq.. 
Civil  Knuinf-er  in  II.M.'<  Indian  Srrvire,  Madra* 
pp  «id<  nry.  i-i  Anna  Maria,  younirt>t  dau.  of  the 
la!.'  P.fv.  .Nich'ilas  K^irXf  Vicar  of  SL  V«p, 
(■«.r:iwa.l. 

Xor.  12.  At  St.  PeterV.  Dublin,  Major  the 
H'»n  I>  wi-  \\.  Mil  I «.  latp  Rifle  Brifjade,  second 
p*m  of  ]^tr  I  s<.;.di-,  to  Klu^lM-th  (reorfrina,  only 
dau.  iif  il-luTt  T  jrli'.  e*q..  Armairh. 

At  Kiliirni'ij^Si.  <i»i  en 'k  County,  Frederic  Stir- 
lir.i'  K'kM-.r,  f-*\.,  Slfth  Ritrt ,  to  Clara  Mary, 
M-con  1  rlau.  of  tin-  Irite  Rev.  Ldward  Nixon,  of 
Cantlet  iwn,  en.  M<  uth. 


At  >i.  BriileV,  Liverpool,  E  Iward  G.  Mer>-Jiiral 
Pk,  e»q..  2nd  Royal  Cne*hire  MiLria,  tr^  yi^rix 
Elixk  Bridget,  tnird  dau.  of  the  Rer.  Ijewi>  F. 
Thi^mis  B.A.  Cambridfre,  Incumbent  if  St. 
Jam«'sV,  Tuxtrth-park,  Walton,  and  pr->z;<tiLia. 
of  the  late  Gen.  Lewi.<  Thoxaa.  C.B.,  «oti.e  t.me 
ActiLff  Commardcr-in-Chief  in  tfafC  tJM^t  Imiir^. 

At  St.  Ptt»?r*is  Parkjjtone,  Charles  Crawley, 
c»q..  Captain  I5th  Foot,  yo4ra^e«t  Mm.  of  CoL 
Crawley.  R.E.,  to  .Aidna,  eldest  d.-ia.  of  Com. 
W.  Par>.on«,  R.N.,  Portbnd-eot  a^d,  Park«tone. 

-V'/r.  IS.  .\t  S:.  Martin*«-tn-the-Field.'«,  Ht-nry, 
only  M)D  of  Be  hel  Walrond.  esiq  .  and  Lady  J  jaet 
Wal'ond.  of  Dulford-hoofv,  Deron.  to  CairxtLne 
Maud,  third  dao.  of  the  late  Wm.  J.  CLirae,  caq., 
of  Buckland-Tuut-Soinu,  Devon. 

Sor.  14.  At  St.  John's,  Wiodmr.  by  tike  Ber. 
C.  ELL<on,  Vicar  of  Windsor,  Uward  Uenry,  ton 
of  John  Walker,  eaq.,  Newton  Bank,  Chester,  to 
Grace  I^titia,  eldest  dan.  of  Donald  CameroB, 
caq.,  late  Major  Mth  Rejrt. 

At  Tunbrldfre,  Kent,  Robt.  Champioo  Srreat- 
feild,  e^i.,  of  the  Uth  Rest.,  eldest  wa  of  tlie  Ute 
Rev.  Wm.  Streatfei  d.  Vicar  of  East  Ham.  ft>«c&, 
to  Jane  Other,  only  dan.  of  Major  Sooone*,  of 
Tnnbri  ige,  late  5ind  Lidrtit  Infantry. 

At  St.  Jamea's,  liccadilly,  John  Prrcc  Mackia- 
non,  em)..  Lieut.  U.M.'a  iSth  (the  kiBfr*s  Owv 
Borderer*  ,  to  Elizabeth  Mary,  widow  of  W. 
Parry  Williams,  esq^Henleys,  Montfomerrwhirc^ 
and  dati.  of  the  late  Cbarlea  Chaplio,  Capt.'  R.E. 

At  .St.  MartinS-in-the-FieldA,  Henry  RomcH 
CruiM,  e!>q.,  12th  Royal  Lancerv,  aecoaii  mo  d 
the  late  Robtrt  Cnii*e,  esq.,  J.P.,  of  Drrnara- 
hou-ie.  CO.  Dublin,  to  Maoraret.  widow  of  D. 
Stevenmn,  eaq.,  foncerly  of  the  Middle  Temple^ 
and  elde»t  dau.  of  Capt.  Georfre  BoAhman,  of  the 
MiiiUry  Train,  late  of  the  2nd  Drairoon  Goatd^. 

At  BanfTor  I»-y-Cocd,  David  Jame*  Wel^b, 
Capt.  Royal  Bengal  Artillery,  eldej>t  aon  of  the 
late  Kev.  Ilr.Wel<h,  Profc*iior  of  Church  HLhtorj, 
£<linbun;h,  to  Helen,  fourth  dao.  of  the  latt 
James*  Fmlay,  e^q.,  Glai^w. 

Aur.  16.  At  St.  Oswald's,  Dorhaic.  Alfred 
Hunt,  M..\.,  Fel  ow  of  Corpus  Chri<(ti  CoUrge, 
Oxford,  to  Slargaret,  wcond  dau.  of  the  lata 
Rev.  Jan.  Raine,  D.C.L.,  of  Crook-hall.  Durham. 

Sor.  20.  At  St.  Janie»*a,  Piccadilly.  Capt. 
Henry  Meux,  only  mmi  of  the  late  Capt  Htntj 
Ne>il  Smi.h,  Rojal  Enfrincera,  and  nephew  to 
Col.  Gilpin,  M.P.,  to  Minnie,  yoonin^st  dan.  of 
J.  I>orrien  .Ma-jens,  e^q.,  of  llommera  ood,SuMex. 

At  St.  Mar}-V-in-the-Ca«tle,  Ilaittinf*,  Francia 
Bu  keler  Jr>hnM>n,  e<q.,  of  Honirkonp,  China,  to 
Jane  sopliia,  dau.  of  the  late  Lieut.-Cul.  Charles 
Franklin  He  id. 

At  liromUy,  Kent,  Hcnrr  William,  second  son 
of  the  late  Cha«.  Floyer  Wickea,  esq.,  of  Chel- 
tenham, Glooce«ter«hire,  to  Anna  SAaria,  only 
anrvivinft  dan.  of  Ro*.-ort  Booth  Latter,  eaq,,  of 
Pixfltld,  Brom'ey,  Kent. 

At  .\>:diiigton.  Kent,  the  Rer.  WQlian  Pinney, 
eldest  son  of  J.  \.  Pinney,  eaq.,  islack-down, 
Crewkeme,  to  Caroline  .Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  tho 
late  Rev.  E.  U.  Pickering,  of  Eton  College, 


1861.] 


679 


(!5  b  1 1  u  a  r  |>. 


{^MeiftttP^M  or  Friend t  guppl^mg  MemoirM  are  req%eated  la  append  their  AddreM*ea,  %n 
order  ihat  a  Cop^  o/ths  GlKXliEMA^'f  Magazuss  eomiainin^  their  Commujticaiionw 
ma^  t^e/orwarded  to  them.2 


The  Kthq  op  Pobttoal. 

N(w,  12.  At  LtAboii,  of  (vpbos  fever, 
Hgetl  24,  Peclru  V.,  King  of  Portugal, 

The  deceased  iDoimrch,  who  was  bom 
Se]it«ui)«r  16,  1837,  waa  tlio  eldest  son 
of  Pritice  Fcrdinimd  Aiigtulus  Antliony 
Fruncis  of  Saxe-Cuburg,  by  Ma^ria  IL  da 
Olorin,  Qticen  of  Portii>fal,  The  King  of 
tUe  Jlol}^i»iia  and  tbe  bite  Duchc&g  of  K^'tit 
weri*  bU  grcut  uiicb^  n»»d  great  aunt,  mid 
tbc  Eiiiiwrtjr  of  i5r»i/-il  was  bia  uncle. 

Tbo  young  j>riuctf  stifctHHled  to  tbe 
tbfone  on  November  15»  IHTitJ  j  being  tUeii 
only  in  bit  liiteetttb  yetir,  his  father  be- 
came liegent«  Tbe  Khi^  iind  bis  brother, 
the  Duke  of  Oporto  (now  King  Loui«  L), 
fMiid  a  vi«it  to  Engtiind  in  1854,  in  the 
euuffte  of  which  ttiey  inude  a  tour  of  tbe 
niiuiuliictunng  di^lrietft.  In  tbe  city  of 
Loudon  tui  addrefi»  wm  presented  to  the 
King ;  who  replied,  tbnt  '*  be  bad  under- 
tiikeTi  tlio  voyage  not  (or  \m  amusement 
but  (or  ills  itisti  uction,  attd  fur  tbe  pur^'Oae 
of  fitting  himii'lf  Uy  gxiide  bi"rc;if\er  tbe 
destinies  of  that  noble  people  over  whom 
be  w;L5  uilled  to  rule ;  and,  in  »o  doingj,  be 
did  but  execute  tbe  late  Queen'*  will." 
A  tier  ptissing  iKxne  time  in  Fninee,  Deb 
gtuui,  i^wltierbuid,  imd  Italy,  tbe  King 
returned  to  Portngnl,  where  be  a^uuied 
ilu^  govemiDtnt  i>n  Nuvember  lt>,  1B55, 
In  IftjHbe  married  tbe  Pnnce>«  Stephjinie, 
of  HobenzoUern-8lgniaringen  (honi  July 
15»  1837),  who,  however,  died  on  tbe  16tli 
of  July  in  tbe  followiuj^  }>-e(ir. 

During  fbe  rrign  of  tbo  late  King 
nnisiibruble  progress  bn«  bt»en  umdo  in 
remedying  tbe  evihi  wbieb  tbe  Wi^r  of 
Suixx'Msiuii  entailiMJ  on  Pottugul,  and  tbe 
oommereiul,  civil,  and  penal  eoJe«  bavo 
been  rcfonnefL  Tlie  prvM  but  been  fre«, 
und  Bucttinive  uunistrit»  Imvc  govenicd 


by  parlijimentary  majorities  ;  and  the 
King's  (personal  behaviour,  alike  in  tbe 
affair  of  tbe  **Chiirles-et-Ge<irge^,"  and  on 
the  oocasion  of  tbe  epidemic  of  IBfj?,  when 
be  ibewed  both  munly  courage  and  wiirm- 
hearted  Byrnputby,  made  bim  excet'dingly 
pfjpnlar,  Tbe  crown  of  Portugal  now 
otimeg  to  bij  next  brother,  tbe  Duke  of 
0}>orto,  a  ciiptain  in  tbe  navy^  in  bis 
twenty -fourth  year. 

"The  best  panegyric,"  says  *'Tbe  Timet*/^ 
"that  can  l>e  poieed  u]Hjn  tbc  King  it 
that  in  iin  wge  of  greut  confusion  bi«  reign 
b:j»  been  without  »  public  event.  Ho 
liucceitlett  to  a  tonstitutioniil  tbrfuie,  and 
be  ol>si'rvc<l  the  bi»s,  kept  witliin  the 
bound!^  of  tbe  coUHlitntioii,  and  retsiinKl 
the  affections  of  bii»  subject*.  We  hnve 
been  «o  little  disitjrbid  by  now*  from 
Pt  rtugal  that  many  of  us  scHrecly  knew 
tbe  name  of  tbe  oiouarcb,  or  iht;  political 
character  of  bis  Government*  That  bis 
marriage  bad  brought  biui  into  fouic  re- 
bttioiiAhip  with  our  own  royal  fatidly,  mid 
thsit  tbe  ancient  wliiHiice  be!  ween  Portugal 
and  Kuglnnd  wns  still  *tn:mg  und  a)r^b>d, 
Wire  uenrly  tbe  only  facts  which  nested 
opou  the  pnldic  mind,  alwnyw  most  vividly 
imprcKBcd  by  di*fteitt"r»»  The  young  raiin 
thus  pnnnaturely  cut  otf  had  been  nd- 
uiirabiy  educ»ited,  find  was  well  disiiH^M-d 
to  devote  bim*e!f  to  tbe  duties  of  bis 
stution  and  the  fi^r^'ice  of  hi«  country. 
He  has  lift  bis  king* torn  prnceful  and  cou- 
tctttoil.  His  broiher,  I^uiss  I'biiip^ie,  who 
succoedn  bim,  will  titnl  i!  cjumble  of  great 
impnjvcttu  nt.  I  f  be  «bould  be  of  a  copiicity 
to  develope  its  resottreen,  and  to  take  ud- 
vantage  of  tbe  peace  it  now  enjoys,  Por- 
tugal, like  Spain,  mny  t\*v  ngain  In  iiu^ 
jvortance  among  tl»e  nations.  At  any  rate, 
we  will  hope  that  he  will  not  full  1k>Iow 
tbe  merits  of  his  brother,  that  be  wdi  ob- 
serve the  rights  of  his  subjects,  and  thut 
be  will  ftild  no  element  of  discord  to  the 
presseut  state  of  Europe.** 


680      Emperor  of  China. — Dow.  Marchioness  Conyngham.     [Dca 


The  Empebob  op  Chika. 

Aug.  2.  At  the  Palace  of  Zehol,  in 
Tartary,  aged  30,  Hien  Fong,  Emperor  of 
China,  the  seventh  of  the  Tsing  dynasty. 

The  little  that  is  known  of  this  ruler  of 
a  great  empire  is  thus  stated  in  the  "  North 
China  Herald :" — 

"The  late  Emperor  Hien  Fung  was 
the  son  of  Tau  Kwang,  who  died  in  Fe- 
bruary, 1850,  after  a  reign  of  thirty 
years.  According  to  the  Chinese  laws  of 
succession,  the  Sovereign  has  the  power  of 
nominating  any  male  member  of  the  Koyal 
family  as  his  successor.  It  is  not  neces- 
sary that  he  should  be  the  eldest  son,  und 
he  may  even  appoint  a  brother  or  uncle  to 
succeed  him,  provided  he  has  exhibited 
capHcity  and  talents  for  governing  more 
conspicuously  than  any  other  possessor  of 
the  blood  royal.  In  this  instance  Tau 
Ewang  nominated  as  his  successor  Hien 
Fung,  his  fourth  son,  stepping  over  the 
heads  of  three  others.  On  his  accession  to 
the  throne  in  February,  1850,  great  hopes 
were  entertained  of  him,  as  it  was  evident 
that  he  possessed  administrative  capacity 
in  a  high  degree.  But  he  was  a  young 
man  of  a  lascivious  disposition,  and  aban- 
doned the  severe  discussions  of  his  council 
for  the  more  palatable  society  of  his  harem, 
where  he  revelled  in  the  luxury  of  a  Sar- 
danapalus,  and  like  his  Assyrian  prototype 
clasped  in  the  arms  of  Myrrha  while 
Nineveh  was  surrounded  by  the  Scythian 
hordes,  so  he  sat  in  the  Summer  Palace  of 
Yuen-Min-Yuen,  among  his  wives  and  con- 
cubines, while  the  guns  of  the  Allied  army 
resounded  in  his  ears ;  and  he  had  barely 
time  to  escape  to  the  Tartarian  Alps,  when 
it  was  sacked,  burned,  and  demolished. 
Tlie  iilnce  of  his  retreat  was  the  palace  of 
Zehol,  on  the  frontiers  of  the  empire,  where 
it  is  hemmed  in  by  the  precipitous  moun- 
tains of  Tartary.  Here  he  whiled  away  his 
time  in  indolence,  while  hi.s  brother.  Prince 
Kung,  assuuK  d  all  the  cares  and  responsi- 
bilities of  government  at  Pekin.  From 
the  date  of  his  retreat,  early  in  October, 
1800,  he  evidently  languished,  as  re^yortg 
ot  his  illness  from  time  to  time  were  spread 
abroad,^  until,  from  mental  and  bodily 
affliction,  which  reduced  him  to  a  stat^  of 
imbecility, — like  his  contemporary  suze- 
rain, the  Sultan  of  Turkey, — he  died  in- 
glorious in  his  thirtieth  year,  amid  effemi- 
nate luxury,  at  U  p.m.,  on  August  2. 1861, 
a  victim  to  his  .ij>petites  and  a  slave  to  his 
paM>ioiiM,  which  made  him  un  imbecile 
dirapot,  and  the  tirst  Emperor  of  China 
who  has  succmnbed  to  European  power." 


DOWAGES  MARCHIOirBSS  CoimroHAX. 
Oct.  11.     At  Bifrons,  near  Canterbury, 
aged  91,  Elizabeth,  Dowager  Harcbionai 
Conyngh-^m. 

Her  Ladyship  was  the  eldest  dangbfer 
of  Mr.  Joseph  Denison,  a  wealthy  city 
banker,  and  was  bom  in  1769.  In  1794 
she  married  the  Hon.  Captain  Barton, 
son  of  lx)rd  Conyngham,  and  with  him 
retired  to  Ireland,  which  they  did  not 
quit  until  1808,  when  Iier  hnshaDd's  pro- 
motion to  the  rank  of  major-general  occa- 
sioned a  visit  to  England.  Soon  after 
Lord  Conyngham  died,  and  his  son  on 
succeeding  to  his  father's  title  and  estates 
so  industriously  endeavoured  to  improve 
the  condition  of  the  latter,  that  be  was 
justly  regarded  as  one  of  the  benefacton 
of  his  country ;  and  a  yisit  to  bis  estate  at 
Slane,  co.  Mcath,  on  the  banks  of  the 
Boyne,  is  recorded  by  Mr.  Parkinson,  in 
his  "  Experiences  of  Agriculture,**  in  tbt 
same  terms  as  a  visit  to  Holkbam  would 
have  been  chronicled  in  the  days  of  Mr. 
Coke.  The  barony  of  Conyngham  was 
raised  to  an  earldom  as  a  reward  for  ths 
spirited  conduct  of  his  Lordship's  father, 
which  led  to  a  reciprocity  of  trade  betweea 
Ireland  and  England.  In  1816  his  Lord- 
ship was  created  Viscount  Slane  (the  i«» 
stoiation  of  an  ancient  title  forfeited  in 
the  Rebellion),  Earl  of  Monntcharlcs,  and 
Marquis  Conyngham,  and  in  1821  he  was 
enrolled  in  the  British  peerage  as  Baron 
Minster,  of  Minster  Abbey,  in  the  county 
of  Kent.  The  Marchioness  was  left  a 
widow  in  1832,  and  her  latter  yean 
were  passed  in  comparative  retirement  at 
Bifrons,  where  her  charities  were  Tery 
extensive,  particularly  in  affording  medical 
relief  to  her  poor  neighbours.  She  sorvivad 
to  see  both  her  sons  peers  of  the  realms 
the  one  in  succession  to  his  lather;  the 
second,  Albert  Denison,  as  the  h^  to  ber 
own  father's  great  fortune  and  estates,  with 
the  title  of  Baron  Londesborongh,  whose 
two  daughters,  with  their  cousin.  Lady 
Cecilia  Conyngham,  all  granddaagbUrrt 
of  the  Marcliionefs,  were,  it  will  be  «•• 
membered,  married  on  the  same  day  a  fern 
months  since*. 

•  Gext.  Mao.,  Aogost,  1881,  p.  Ifli. 


12 


1861.] 


Obituary, — Sir  James  Graham,  Bart, 


Bm  Ja&tbs  OnAHAv,  6aht. 
Oct  25.     At   Netherby,   aged  69,  Sir 
James  Geor^  Roberb  Graham,  Bart. 

The  deceased  was  the  eldest  son  of  Sir 
Jameaj,  the  first  baronet,  by  Lady  Cathe- 
rine Stewart,  etdeat  daughter  of  the 
seventh  Karl  of  Gallowiiy,  and  was  bom 
at  Naworth  (while  the  family  maniion  of 
Netherby  was  under  repiiir)  June  1, 1792. 
Like  mxiiy  of  the  young  Wln^^,  he  was 
educated  ftt  Wvatminfvter  School,  whence 
he  went  to  Queens'  College,  Cambridgrt?^ 
and  very  speedily  entered  upon  public 
life.  Trnvelliiig  for  hi*  pleasure  abroad, 
he  WOB  induced  to  became  (»rivate  iecre- 
tary  to  Lord  Monfgomerie,  British  Minis- 
ter in  Sicily,  during  the  rooRt  critical 
period  of  tbe  war.  Lord  Montgomerie 
»>on  after  fell  ill,  and  the  entire  luan&ge- 
tnent  of  the  miiiion  devolved  upon  his 
accretary^  w  ho  worked  indefatigably,  and 
performed  sevend  important  scrvlce9  in 
this  capacity.  To  him  has,  indeed,  been 
laiBigTied,  though  incorrectly,  the  praise  of 
lliving  conducted  the  ncgoclations  which 
ItMl  to  the  itetm.ratton  of  Murat  from  Napo- 
leon. The  war  ended,  he  returned  to 
f  Ungland,  and  in  1818,  after  a  most  severe 
|ODiitc»t,  obtained  a  teat  for  Hull,  At 
[  tht»  time  he  was  known  as  the  ^'  Yorkshire 
Dandy,"  a  title  procured  fi>r  him  by  hm 
fine  appeiirunee,  and  by  a  ityle  of  ipenk- 
iog  which  seems  to  hnire  been  too  itudivd 
and  tlowcry.  His  watch wordM  on  the 
Loocasion  of  the  election  were  Tarliamen* 
llary  Uefumi,  the  Abolition  of  unnec^sary 
[  Placet  and  t'euMioita,  tiiu)  the  Suppression 
^  of  the  Slave  Tr«de,  The  ideas  conveyed 
in  these  wordi  were  not  very  acceptable 
in  those  days,  and  in  1820,  at  tbe  electinn 
which  euHUcd  on  the  death  of  George  IlL, 
ho  loat  his  seat  for  Unll.  Sub^eipiently 
he  became  member  for  Carliule,  and  touk 
ft  bigb  {Ktsiiiou  in  politics  on  the  streng:th 
[of  hi!«  pimpblet  on  "  Corn  and  Currency," 
which,  while  insisting  on  the  necessity 
riHluctng  taAcs,  he  declared  for  ^'thc 
free  imiKirtntion  of  corn,  with  a  mode- 
rn te  protective  duty."  In  April,  1824,  he 
t'oeeded  to  the  banuietcy  on  the  dfath 
Df  his  father,  and  two  years  afterwards  he 
iras  returned  for  CartisU  0!i  Whig  priu- 
tiplei.  His  abilities  soon  became  apparent 
OaxT.  Mao.  Voi*.  CCXl. 


after  he  entered  the  Botua  of  Commoni^ 
and  he  was  deemed  a  great  acquisition  to 
the  Wliigs. 

In  1830  Sir  James  was  elected  repre- 
sentative for  Cumlierland,  and  he  was  one 
of  the  most  strenuous  and  zealous  ad- 
vocates for  the  Ueform  Bill,  as  he  had 
previously  been  for  the  repeal  of  the  Teat 
Act  and  for  Catholic  Emancipation.  On 
the  formation  of  Earl  Grey's  Administra- 
tion, his  talents  were  so  much  appreciatwi, 
especially  in  mastering  details,  that  with- 
out oflScml  experience  he  was  placed  at  the 
head  of  the  Board  of  Admiralty  as  FirMt 
Lortl,  and  had  a  scat  in  the  cabinet.  Aft^t 
the  Reform  Bill,  in  1832,  be  was  cUeted 
for  the  eastern  division  of  the  county  of 
Cumberlaoid,  which  he  represented  up  ta 
1837.  In  May,  1834,  dissensions  in  Karl 
Grey*fl  Cabinet  arose  on  the  Irish  Clmreli 
question,  which  led  to  tho  retirement  of 
Hir  James  Grahiim,  together  with  Lor^ 
Stanley  (now  Eiirl  of  l>erby),  the  late 
Duke  of  Richmond,  and  the  late  Earl  of 
Ripon<  On  Sir  Itobyrt  Feel  coming  into 
power,  Sir  James  Graham  was  sought  to 
join  the  Administration,  but  he  decliued  to 
join  the  Ministry,  und  pnblicly  stated  ftJt 
the  hnstings  that  he  had  no  confidence 
in  Jf>ir  Robert's  administration,  which, 
however,  he  siibs^^qucntly  Hupported  by 
his  votes  in  pHrliiimcnt,  At  the  general 
election  in  1837  he  had  the  mortitlcation 
of  being  rejected  by  his  former  ooil* 
stitnents,  and  remained  out  of  the  House 
of  Commons  until  the  following  ISession, 
when  he  was  elected  for  Pembroke.  In 
1841  he  was  elected  for  Dorchester.  That 
year,  on  Sir  Ribert  Peel  being  called  upon 
to  form  a  ministry,  Sir  James  Graham 
took  office  under  him  as  Secretary  of 
State  for  the  Home  Department,  a  poet 
he  held  until  the  diMolution  of  the  govern- 
ment in  June  18-16,  During  this  time  he 
WM  exposed  to  much  nnmerited  odium  in 
oonseqnenee  of  his  ordering  the  corre- 
spondence of  some  foreign  refugees  to  l>e 
opined  at  the  Post-office.  If  the  letters 
that  were  opened  bad  all  been  published, 
a  very  iufficient  justiftcation  of  the  step 
would  have  been  found.  Tlie  fact  may 
now  be  stated,  that  some  of  the  more  des- 
perate of  Ihe  "  party  of  action  "  were  then 


682      Sir  Jos.  Graham,  Bart.— John  Mathew  Guich,  Esq.     [Dec. 


efndeavoariDg  to  establish  a  secret  tri- 
bunal for  removing  by  assassination  not 
only  ministers  and  crowned  heads,  but 
also  members  of  their  own  body  who 
might  in  any  way  incur  the  suspicion 
of  the  rest.  Some  two  or  three  obscure 
▼ietims  were  thus  sacrificed,  but  by  the 
information  which  the  Government  had 
gained,  the  g^me  became  too  dangerous, 
and  was  abandoned. 

Whilst  Sir  James  held  office  under  Sir 
Robert  Peel  he  was  one  of  the  ablest  sup- 
porters of  the  repeal  of  the  Com  Laws, 
and  of  the  new  commercial  policy  which 
that  statesman  and  his  political  friends 
inaugurated.  From  1847  to  1852  he  was 
representative  for  the  borough  of  Ripon, 
and  in  the  latter  year  he  was  elected  for 
Carlisle,  which  city  the  has  since  sat  for  in 
the  House  of  Commons.  On  the  Earl  of 
Aberdeen  coming  into  power  as  First  Lord 
of  the  Treasury,  in  December,  1852,  Sir 
James  was  appointed  Yvrst  liord  of  the 
Admiralty.  He  remained  with  the  EarPs 
Ministry  till  the  vote  on  Mr.  Roebuck's 
motion,  "  That  a  Select  Committee  be  ap- 
pointed to  inquire  into  the  condition  of 
our  anny  before  Sebastopol,  and  into  those 
departments  of  the  Government  whose 
duty  it  has  been  to  minister  to  the  wants 
of  that  army,"  when  he  resigned  office 
rather  than  face  the  threatened  committee. 
The  exposure  that  he  sought  to  avoid 
came  on  him,  however,  in  the  year  1857, 
when  Admiral  Napier,  having  obtained 
a  seat  in  Parliament,  brought  forward  the 
conduct  of  the  Admiralty  towards  him  in 
the  Baltic  campaign,  and  Sir  James  Gra- 
ham, after  a  feeble  defence,  in  effect  re- 
tired from  public  life.  He  was  esteemed 
an  able  man  of  business,  and  he  was  a 
fluent  debater,  but  his  frequent  changes 
of  party  prevented  him  from  enjoying  the 
confidence  of  any. 

Sir  James  married  in  July,  1819,  Fanny 
Callender,  youngest  daughter  of  Sir  James 
Campbell,  of  Ardinglass,  by  which  lady, 
who  died  in  1857,  he  leaves  issue  Frederick 
Ulric  (married  to  the  eldest  daughter  of 
the  Duke  and  Duchess  of  Somerset)  and 
several  sons.  Among  his  daughters  two 
are  married,  one  to  the  Hon.  £.  Dun- 
combe,  M.P.,  and  the  other  to  Colonel 


Baring.  Sir  James  was  a  D.C.L.  of  Cam- 
bridge, and  was  elected  Lord  Rector  of 
Glasgow  University  in  1840.  He  is  suc- 
ceeded in  the  baronetcy  and  estates  by  his 
eldest  son,  Frederick  Ulric,  born  April  2, 
1820.  The  present  baronet  was  attached 
to  the  Embassy  at  Vienna  in  1842,  and 
subsequently  entered  the  Ist  Life  Guards. 


John  Mathew  Gutch,  Esq. 

Sept.  20.  At  Barbourne,  near  Worces- 
ter, aged  84,  John  Mathew  Gutch,  Esq. 

We  borrow  the  following  notice  of  this 
gentleman  from  the  local  paper  with  which 
he  was  so  long  connected : — 

"In  the  columns  whicli  he  conducted 
for  nearly  fifty  years,  we  have  to  record 
the  death  of  John  Mathew  Gut<:h,  Esq., 
formerly  editor  and  proprietor  of  'Felix 
Farley's  Bristol  Journal,*  to  the  mauMge- 
ment  of  which  paper  he  succeeded  at  the 
beginning  of  the  present  century,  on  the 
death  or  retirement  of  its  former  owner, 
the  elder  Mr.  Kudhall.  His  death  was 
somewhat  sudden,  as  he  was  only  taken 
ill  early  in  the  same  morning,  and  he  ex- 
pired at  10  p.m.,  tranquilly  and  calmly. 
He  was  in  his  85th  year,  his  strong  natu- 
ral faculties  as  bright  as  ever :  for  it  was 
only  a  few  days  before  we  had  a  letter 
from  him,  written  with  his  usual  vigour, 
and  a  bhort  paper  from  his  pen  (for  he  still 
occasionally  contributed  to  the  columns  of 

*  Felix  Farley')  appeared  in  our  pages  on 
the  previous  Saturday. 

"  rhus,  the  last  of  the  proprietors  of  the 
four  Bristol  papers  which  occupied  the 
field  of  journalism  in  this  city  somewhat 
more  than  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago,  has 
gone  *  to  where  there  is  no  time,  and  no 
chronicles  are  kept :'  John  Mills,  of  the 

*  Ghizette  ;*  Thomas  John  Manchee,  of  the 
'Mercury;'  John  Taylor,  of  the  'Mirror;* 
and  now  John  Mathew  Gutch,  of  the 
'Journal,* — all  departing  at  rii)e  years, 
a  proof  that  the  old-fashioned  life  of  the 
Fourth  Estate  was  not  unfriendly  to  lon- 
gevity. Indei  d,  looking  back  at  the  papers 
then  issued  from  the  provincial  press — the 
air  of  staid  repose  and  tranquil  manage- 
ment that  seemed  to  embrown  over  their 
venerable  and  brief  columns,  the  philosophic 
patience  with  which  they  postponed  any 
pressure  of  news  to  the  follow  ing  Saturday, 
under  the  assurance  that  the  public  would 
wait  with  calm  resignation  until  then,  and 
the  succinct  paragraphs  into  which  they 
compressed  events  that^  in  the  longitudinal 


1861.]  Obitdaev. — John  Mat  hew  Gutch,  Etq. 


6S3 


zed  of  tnodeni  competitors,  would  now  be 
fpim  over  ym'*h  ol"  print, — wo  are  not  tiur- 
prisetl,  we  say,  tlmt  the  editor?*  of  the  past 
g«THTfttton  '  lived  long  and  di*d  bnppy/ 

"Yet  John  Mathew  Gutch,  when  he 
first  joined  the  Bristol  press,  wns  coii- 
Bldered  by  his  elder  competitors — if  so 
acttvQ  a  term  could  bo  applied  t«  those 
w ho  r«n, or  rftthi?rwalktHl,theirqui<^t  course 
without  ri%-idrN'— tts  an  innovator,  at  least 
in  u  professional  sense ;  for  we  beKevo  he 
WHS  the  first  editor  of  a  Bristol  newspaper 
wlio  introduced  those  short  weekly  dia- 
Aertations  on  political  and  other  subjecta 
known  ns  'leailing  articleet*  and  we  can 
imagine  the  distnrbiince  the  novelty  c  tused 
amongst  the  then  livioj^  patriarehii  of  the 
local  press,  tho  I'yne*,  the  Boniietii,  &c-  of 
the  diiy,  who  never  tried  the  fashioning  of 
a  more  elaborate  sentence  than  wti»  nocea- 
atiry  to  record  a  street  accident  or  the  un- 
imturnl  proportions  of  a  gigantic  goose- 
"J>erry»  Indeed,  previous  lo  the  beginning 
of  the  present  century,  the  provincial 
journals  were  little  inort?  than  small  wbitey- 
brown  sheeta  of  locad  and  gt^nertl  para- 
graphs; and  it  is  amusing,  in  turning 
over  the  files  from  17 GO  to  about  17U0,  to 
find  the  editor  and  proprietor  devoting 
a  gooil  portion  of  his  scanty  sheet  to  pulf* 
ing  hiniijelf  up,  not  lis  a  political  writer, 
but  ns  a  patent  medicine  vendor,  the 
newspaper  offices  being  far  the  moat  part 
at  tbat  period  dep^ta  for  these  kind  of 
articlt^ ;  while  Tliurada)  *s  London  posts 
were  the  latent  new*  iho  readers  were 
treatt'd    '  "       ''    !rli,    however,    was 

A  d I J Vl  I  N  J  bis  pn  deeessors 

at  the  I  .V.,,  ,  '"  Ttn-i...^t;inding, 

and  of  men1.<!  tide  iit> 

tainments,  hi    ,         ^  n  atten- 

tion not  only  ot  Bristol  mid  its  neigbliour- 
hood  to  the  cohinms  which  he  conducted, 
but  old  •  Fvlix  Farley*  in  his  bamla  became 
the  first  provincial  paper  ia  Eughmd  in 
point  of  character,  as  it  was  before  the  most 
voaenible  in  age.  Indeed,  on  lo  >king  over 
the  fth;^  of  the  London  *  1  lines'  and  other 
metropolitan  papers  during  the  Frencb 
war,  we  find  the  lenders  of  Air.  Out  eh  con* 
ttantly  ipiott'd  in  thoir  columns,  and  for 
gfxnl  ien»e  aud  nervous  style  they  are 
inferior  to  very  few  com  positions  which 
appGurod  at  that  period  in  tho  capital. 
Whither  pn  large  an  amount  of  snccesa 
wotddj  in  tbe«e  icnsation  -  creating  o*m- 
petitive  times*  of  neMSpaper«,  attend  the 
elTorta  of  one  who  was  more  solid  thun 
fhowy,  and  always  aimed  rather  at  cou- 
tineing  than  captivating  notice,  we  of 
cour»e  have  no  means  of  judging  i  but  thuso 
■till  living  who  remember  the  interest, 
almost  amounting  to  cxcitotncnt,  oaqmcI 


by  the  effective  letters  of  *  Ccemo*  on  tbo 
commerce  and  affairs  of  the  port,  and 
which  were  from  the  pen  of  Mr.  Gutch, 
will  bear  us  out  in  saying  that,  in  tho«© 
days  at  lea^t,  no  provincial  newspaper 
articles  could  have  Wen  looked  for  with 
more  eagerness  from  week  to  week  :  so 
that  there  was  not  so  much  exaggeration 
in  the  conipHment  paid  to  them  at  the 
time,  when  tho  writer  was  termed  the 
'Bristol  Junius' — a  compariison  perhaps 
thought  the  more  appropriate  that  for 
a  long  while  the  author  was  hardly 
gne»Hed  at — a  device  of  secrecy  which  Mr. 
Gutch  thought  it  not  imprudent  tc  adopt, 
seeing  that  the  letters  attacked  some  of 
the  most  cherished  notions  of  the  most 
powerful  interest  ih  n  in  the  eity.  The 
language  in  which  they  were  written  was 
good  strong  English,  and  the  facts  and 
arguments  were  put  with  clearness  and 
dignity. 

**  Unfortunately  for  Mr.  Gutch,  at  least 
in  a  pecuniary  sense,  he  was  not  con- 
t«nt  with  provincial  journalism,  but  was 
tempted  by  the  late  Mr,  Alexander,  a 
veteran  of  the  metropolitan  press,  to  start, 
in    conjunction   with    bim,    tlie    London 

*  Morning  Jouminl/  which  not  only  swal- 
lowed  np  many  thousands  earned  by  old 

*  Felix  Farley,*  but  got  the  prtvprietora 
into  trouble,  owing  t<i  a  libel  written 
against  the  Duke  of  Wellington,  just  be- 
fore the  passing  of  the  Catholic  Emanci- 
pation Act,  and  which  led  to  a  heavy  fine 
on  both  proprietors,  the  imprisonment  of 
one  (Mr.  Alexander),  and  the  suppression 
of  the  paper. 

**  While  be  resided  in  Bristol  Mr.Gatch's 
bou^  was  the  pleasant  and  frequent  place 
of  resort  and  meeting  for  those  who  culti- 
vated literature  and  literary  tastes,  one  of 
his  most  intimate  friemds  being  the  late 
Itev.  ,Jt>hn  Eagles,  tlie  writer  of  the  well- 
known  papers  entitled 'The  M.in  in  the 
Moon,*  printetl  in  *  Felix  Farley.'  On 
ceasing  to  live  in  Bristol  Mr.  Gutch  re- 
moved to  Worcester,  and  joined  his  father* 
in-law,  tho  late  Mr.  Lavender,  in  the  Bank 
there,  also  devoting  a  good  deal  of  time 
to  public  business,  as  one  of  the  magis> 
trati'S  of  the  county.  However,  as  wo 
know,  Mr.  Gutch  proved  less  succ«^siful  as 
a  banker  than  as  a  newspaper  proprietor ; 
but  in  all  the  vicissitudes  of  his  career  he 
pre^erv*  d  unimpaired  to  the  hist  the  cha- 
racter of  an  honouraUo  and  worthy  man." 

Mr.  Gntch  was  the  eldest  son  of  the 
Kev,  John  Gutch,  M.A^  F.S.A.,  for  many 
ycaw  Hegistrar  of  the  University  of  Ox- 
ford, and  for  sixty -two  years  Chaplain  of 
All  Souls  College,  the  editor  of  Anthony 


V-nS?'-i 


684 


Obituary. — John  Mathew  Guich,  Esq. 


[Dec. 


Wood's  History  of  the  University,  and  of 
Archbishop  Sancroft's  Collectanea  Curi- 
09a ;  who  died  in  1831,  and  a  memoir  of 
him,  accompanied  by  a  portrait,  was  given 
in  the  Gentlbmjln's  Magazine  for  Sep- 
tember of  that  year. 

Mr.  J.  M.  Gntch,  together  with  two 
younger  brothers*,  was  educated  at  Christ's 
Hospital,  lie  was  there  the  school-fellow 
of  Coleridge  and  Charles  Lamb,  the  latter 
of  whom  took  up  his  abode  with  him^  in 
the  year  1799,  under  circumstances  which 
are  detailed  in  Mr.  Justice  Talfourd's 
•*Fmal  Memorials  of  Charles  Lamb,"  (at 
vol.  i.  pp.  107,  et  seq.,)  as  follows : — 

"Soon  after  I  wrote  to  you  last,  [C. 
Lamb  to  Coleridge,]  an  offer  was  made  to 
me  by  Gutch,  (you  must  remember  him  at 
Christ's, — you  saw  him,  slightly,  one  day 
with  Thomson  at  our  house,)  to  come  and 
lodge  with  him  at  his  house  in  South- 
ampton-buildings, Chancery-lane.  This 
was  a  very  comfortable  offer  to  me,  the 
rooms  being  at  a  reasonable  rent,  and  in- 
cluding the  use  of  an  old  servant^  besides 
being  infinitely  preferable  to  ordinary 
lodgings  in  our  case,  as  you  roust  per- 
ceive. As  Gutch  knew  all  our  story,  and 
the  perpetual  liability  to  a  recurrence  of 
my  sister's  disorder,  probably  to  the  end 
of  her  life,  I  certainly  think  the  offer  very 
generous  and  friendly. .  . «  I  have  passed 
two  days  at  Oxford,  on  a  visit  which  I 
have  long  put  off,  to  Gutch's  family.  Tlie 
sight  of  the  Bodleian  Library,"  &c.  &c. 

At  the  time  this  letter  was  written, 
Mr.  Gutch  had  entered  into  business  as 
a  law-stationer  in  Southampton-buildings 
with  a  partner  named  Anderson.  In  1801 
he  married  at  Birmingham  Miss  Mary 
Wheeley,  only  daughter  of  an  eminent 
coachmaker  of  that  town,  and  he  there- 
upon joined  his  father-in-law  in  that 
business.  After  continuing  in  this  posi- 
tion for  two  years,  or  little  more,  he  re- 
moved to  Bristol,  and  became  the  pro- 
prietor and  printer  of  "  Felix  Farley's 

•  One  of  tbe^e,  the  Rer.  Robi'rt  Gutch,  M.A., 
became  Rector  of  Segrare,  in  Leicester«bire,  and 
died  in  1851  (aec  a  memoir  of  him  in  Gkmt.  Mao., 
Nov.  1861,  p.  549).  The  third,  Richard,  died 
a  young  man,  after  haTing  been  a  ditcnu  in 
France,  and  escaping  from  Verdun.  The  fourth, 
Charles,  died  nvhcn  a  boy.  George  Gutch,  £sq., 
of  Paddington,  the  fifth  and  youngest  brother,  is 
now  one  of  the  District  Sunreyors  of  the  county 
of  Middlesex. 


Bristol  Journal,"  in  succession  to  Mr. 
Rudhall,  who  died  Dec.  10,  1803.  He 
united  with  that  business,  during  some 
years,  the  trade  of  a  dealer  in  old  books, 
of  which  he  published  at  least  two  cata- 
logues, in  1810  and  1812,  and  finally 
transferred  his  stock  to  Mr.  Peckover. 

After  marrying,  in  1823,  his  second 
wife.  Miss  Lavender,  the  daughter  of  a 
banker  at  Worcester,  Mr.  Gutch  removed 
to  that  dty,  taking  a  part  in  the  badness 
of  his  second  father-in-law,  but  spending 
a  portion  of  every  week  in  Bristol  for  the 
completion  of  his  paper.  He  finally  sold 
his  property  m  "  Felix  Farley"  in  1844. 

In  1839  Mr.  Gutch  was  elected  a  Fellow 
of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries,  from  which 
he  retired  on  the  alteration  in  his  cir- 
cumstances. 

The  newspaper  was  not  the  only  pro- 
duction of  Mr.  Gutch's  press*  nor  the  only 
evidence  of  his  literary  t«ste  and  abilities. 
Besides  the  "  Letters  of  Cosmo,"  already 
mentioned  by  the  Bristol  writer,  and 
some  other  occasional  pamphlets  on  gene- 
ral and  local  politics,  particularly  some  on 
the  Town  Dues  of  Bristol,  (a  question  on 
which  his  observations,  published  anony- 
mously, had  g^eat  influence,)  he  compiled 
an  octavo  volume  describing  the  cele- 
brated Bristol  Riots  in  1832;  and  pre- 
viously, in  1817,  a  "Narrative  of  a  Sin- 
gular Imposture  carried  out  at  Bristol  by 
one  Mary  Baker,  styling  herself  the  Prin- 
cess Caraboo." 

In  1810  he  printed  "  Select  Poems  from 
the  Hesperides  of  Robert  Herrick,  with 
Occasional  Remarks  by  J.  N[ott],  M.D.;" 
and  in  1812  an  edition  of  "The  Gull's 
Horn  Book,  by  T.  Dekker,  with  Notes  of 
Illustration,  and  a  Glossarial  Index  by 
Dr.  John  Nott."  4to.  (Mr.  Haslewood's 
copy  of  this  was  sold  in  the  sale  of  Mr. 
Gutch's  library  for  ll.lZs.i  and  another 
copy,  being  the  only  one  with  the  twelve 
initial  letters  taken  off"  on  yellow  paper, 
accompanied  by  the  drawings  made  for 
them  by  Edward  Bird,  which  cost  Dr. 
Nott  25/.  4«.,  and  a  set  of  the  woodcuts 
by  Ebenezer  Byfield,  framed  and  glazed, 
sold  for  6/.) 

In  1817  Mr.  Gutch  printed  the  Bio- 
gra^hia  LUeraria  of  S.  T.  Coleridge^  in 


186  K] 


Obituart. — John  Malhew  Gutch,  Esq. 


68S 


two  vols.  8to.  :  und  in  the  fame  jeiyr  he 
hfid  Also  wnne  large-])fipcr  copied  t»ken  nt 
his  own  expense  of  CQlericIge**  **  Sibylline 
Leave*/*  printed  at  Bristol  by  J.  Evnos 
and  Co. 

For  nearly  two  yeir«»  eommeiicing  in 
182 2,  he  editt'd  und  pubUahed  a  monthly 
serirtl  aiUcd  *'  TUw  Country  Cuuatitutioiiol 
Gimrdiiin," 

In  1S27  he  oompoaed  a  volame  of  *'  Ob- 
HTvatiozia  upon  the  Writing^  of  the  An* 
cienta;  upon  the  Materials  they  u»ed; 
and  on  the  Introductioa  of  the  Art  of 
Printing.*' 

In  1847  he  formed  a  compilation  of 
grettt  interest  to  the  literary  antiquary, 
entitled  '*  A  Lytell  Oeste  of  Hobin  Hode ; 
with  other  Ancient  and  Modern  Ballads 
and  Songa  relating  to  tliii  celebrated 
Yoomais :  to  which  is  prefixed  hi«  History 
and  Cb&r«icter,  grounded  upon  other  Doca< 
menta  than  tboae  mado  me  of  by  hia 
former  Biographer,  Miater  Bitson."  This 
work  forms  two  volu,  8vo.,  ?ery  beantifoily 
illnatrated  with  cuts  by  F.  W.  Fairbolt, 
F.S.A.,  and  published  by  Mei«ra.  Long- 
man and  Co.  In  ite  psgea  are  assembled 
all  that  had  been  previously  written  on 
the  snbjeet  by  Percy,  llitson,  Douce,  Sir 
Walter  Scott,  Tttomat  Wright,  and  others. 

**  A  Garland  of  lto»es  gathered  from  the 
Poemaof  the  hite  Rer.  John  Eagles,  M.A., 
by  his  old  friend  John  Malhew  Gutch. 
Woreester,  1857."  Of  this  only  fifty 
copl^  were  printed,  strictly  for  private 
circulation,  and  one  of  tbein  was  sold  in 
Mr.  Outcirs  library  for  4/.  6.f. 

Mr.  Guteh  htid  previonsly,  in  1826,  col- 
lected into  one  volume  "Felix  Farley 
Hbyme4,  Lotin  and  English,  by  'fheinau- 
intbemoon  ^'  —  the  same  John  Eaigles: 
and  in  Februnry,  1856,  Mr,  Gutch  con* 
tribnted  to  the  Gentlkma^'s  Maoat^ins 
an  interesting  article  on  **  llie  Eaglra  of 
llri^tul.  Father  and  Son/* 

The  biography  of  Chatter!  on,  the  Bristol 
poet,  was  another  anbjtct  In  which  Mr. 
Quteh  was  greatly  iniarestcd,  and  he  made 
tev^eral  oommunicationM  upon  it  to  '*  Notes 
and  Qoert««/*  as  woU  as  on  many  other 
subjects,  during  the  latter  years  of  his  Ufo. 

From  one  of  these  arose  hts  last  work. 
When  reading  the  "Locturca  upon  tlie 


Figurative  Language  of  Scripture,"  by 
the  Rev.  WllUam  Jones  of  Ksyhind,  he 
met  with  some  allusion  to  a  sermon  by 
the  Iter.  George  Wutson,  expressed  in 
terms  of  such  high  encomium  tluit  he  was 
induced  to  m>ike  inquiry  for  the  writings 
of  that  forgotten  author.  The  result  was 
the  recovery  of  four  sermons,  publiBhcd 
ungly,  which  he  republished  under  the 
title  of  '*  Watson  Uedivivus.  Four  Dis- 
conrse?,  written  between  the  year*  I74d 
and  1756,  by  the  Kev.  Geo.  Watson ,  M.A., 
Fellow  of  University  College,  Oxford,  and 
Tutor  and  Friend  of  Bp.  Home,  lloscued 
from  obacnrity  by  John  Mathew  Gutch, 
a  lay  member  of  the  Chmrch  of  England^ 
18G0."  This  Volume  was  dedicated  to  the 
Rev.  Dr,  Pluroptre,  Master  of  University 
College,  and  received  the  warm  np^iroval 
of  Mr.  Canon  Wordsworth,  the  Dean  of 
Worcester,  and  others  whoso  judgment  is 
entitled  to  respect^. 

During  the  last  twelvemonths  Mr.  Gutch 
bad  been  compiling,  for  the  Warwickshire 
ArchsE>ological  Society,  a  history  of  the 
battle  -  fields  of  thnt  county  ;  of  which 
a  portion  only  has  been  pubUahed  in  the 
Society*8  Transactions. 

Mr.  Gutch  possessed  a  valuable  and  ex- 
tennve  Ubrnrj-,  whieh  was  diipersed  in 
nine  duys'  K*le,  by  Messrs.  8otbeby  and 
Wilkinson,  in  March  1S58,  and  prcdueed 
the  total  sum  of  £1,837  2s.  6d.  It  waa 
particolarly  oopions  in  poetical  and  liallad 
literature,  in  works  rein  ting  to  Bristol 
and  its  native  poet  Ctiatterton,  to  Shake- 
speare, ill  the  works  of  George  Wither,  &c 
We  may  mention  ai  among  the  more  re- 
murkable  items : — 

A  collection  of  old  Ballads,  in  throe 
volumes  royal  folio,  sold  for  £30  10s. 

A  portfolio  of  Shakespearian  BalladSf 

kc.—m  6s. 

Chatiertumamt,  in  16  vols*  8vo.  and 
one  vol.  4to.,  induding  various  autograph 
letters— £13  15s. 

Another  collection  on  the  tame  subject, 
in  two  quarto  green  cases— £4  lOs, 

*  Whea  Ur.  CJatcb'*  rfitutne  wan  pttbliilicd, 
tbe  date  uf  Air.  WaIkiu's  premsturp  dcntb  had 
net  hern  s^eertaiQed.  It  ban  iince  been  din- 
ecrverrd  in  the  Oi.?iTLcit4M'f«  MAOAjrinE  for  1773 
that  he  dim]  on  the  10th  of  April  \n  that  yzat. 


686  John  M.  Outch,  Esq.— John  G.  Hammock,  Esq.     [Dec. 


A  oommonplace-book  in  the  band- 
writing  of  the  poet  S.  T.  Coleridge — 
£6  158. 

King  Charles  the  First's  copy  of  "  Ge- 
rard's Herbal,"  enlarge  by  Thomas  John- 
■on,  1633,  given  by  the  King  to  Sir  John 
Fakington~^12  128. 

"Lucasta,  and  other  Poems,"  by  R. 
Lovelace,  in  two  volumes  octavo,  1649, 
1659,  being  the  same  copy  described  in 
the  JBibliofheca  Anglo-Poetioat  and  con- 
taining the  autographs  of  Dr.  Farmer, 
Sir  E.  Biydges,  and  T.  Park,  its  successive 
possessors— £4. 

A  sketch-book  of  Dr.  John  Nott,  con- 
taining pen-and-ink  drawings  of  scenery 
and  antiquities  in  France,  Switzerland, 
and  Italy,  made  when  travelling  with  the 
Duchess  of  Devonshire — £1  5s. 

Three  collections  of  missal  illuminations, 
sold  for  £59  17s.,  £16,  and  £42. 

Miltoniana :  a  collection  of  notes  re- 
specting Milton  and  his  works,  in  the 
autograph  of  the  Rev.  Francis  Peck — 
£1  5s. 

Algernon  Sydney's  Works,  with  notes  in 
the  autograph  of  S.  T.  Coleridge— £2  58. 

Scotch  Songs  and  Ballads,  in  the  auto- 
graph of  David  Herd,  (who  edited  a  collec- 
tion in  2  vols.,  Edinburgh,  1776,)  with 
notes  in  the  handwriting  of  Sir  Walter 
Scott— £3  lis. 

Another  volume  of  Scotch  Songs  and 
Ballads  which  passed  through  the  hands 
of  Sir  Walter  Scott— £2  58. 

"  Psalmes  of  David  paraphrased  for  our 
English  Lire,"  in  the  autograph  of  George 
Wither*  and  unpublished— £28.  (Altoge- 
ther there  were  sixty  articles  of  the  works 
of  Wither,  which  Mr.  Gutch  had  per- 
severed in  collecting  for  nearly  half  a 
century.) 

Letters  from  the  poet  Cowper  to  Lady 
Hcsketb,  thirty-four  in  number,  and  three 
of  his  MS.  poems.  These  were  sold  sepa- 
rately, and  produced  in  all  £43  168.  6d. 

There  was  also  sold  in  this  sale  a  por- 
trait of  the  poet  Wither,  painted  by  Cor- 
nelius Jansen,  being  the  original  of  that 
engraved  by  John  Payne  (but  reversed) 
prefixed  to  his  "Emblems;"  it  was  pur- 
chased by  Mr.  Kerslake  of  Bristol  for 
£13.  Also  a  full-length  portrait  of  Charles 


Lamb,  painted  shortly  before  his  death, 
by  Cary,  for  Mr.  Gutch,  and  pronounced 
by  Lamb's  biographer,  Talfourd,  to  be  the 
best  likeness  of  him ;  purchased  for  £22 
by  Mr.  M lines. 

Mr.  Gutch  is  survived  by  his  second 
wife,  and  by  his  son  and  only  child,  the 
ofl&pring  of  his  former  marriage, — Mr. 
John  W.  G.  Gutch,  formerly  one  of  H.M.'s 
Foreign  Messengers,  but  who  has  retired 
from  that  employment  on  account  of  im- 
paired health. 


John  G.  Hah  sf  ace,  Esq. 

Oct,  4.  At  Boxlands,  near  Dorking, 
Surrey,  aged  70,  John  George  Hammack, 
Esq.,  a  Magistrate  for  the  count j  of 
Middlesex,  and  a  Deputy-Lieutenant  of 
the  Tower  Hamlets. 

He  was  the  younger  son  of  the  late 
Mr.  John  Hammack,  of  London,  and  was 
descended  from  a  branch  of  a  Devon- 
shire fttmily  settled  at  Madeley,  Stafiord« 
shire,  the  usual  orthography  of  whose 
surname,  prior  to  the  commencement  of 
the  last  century,  was  Halmarick, — a  name 
generally  believed  to  be  derived  from 
the  Teutonic  personal  name  Almaric^  or 
Almeric  Mr.  M.  A.  Lower,  in  his  Pa- 
tronymicaBrUanmcafVefeTs  to  the  changes 
which  this  name  has  undergone. 

Mr.  Hammack  was  educated  at  the 
well-known  school  of  Mr.  Flower  at  High- 
bury, and  received  his  professional  instruc- 
tion as  a  pupil  in  the  office  of  Mr.  Joseph 
Yallowley,  an  eminent  architect  and  sur- 
veyor in  the  city  of  London.  From  the 
commencement  of  his  career  he  directed 
his  special  attention  to  the  branch  of 
practice  which  he  followed  for  many  years 
with  great  success.  When  an  entire  parish 
was  to  be  swept  away  for  the  construction 
of  the  St.  Katherine  Docks,  he  was  largely 
engaged  in  arranging  the  claims  of  those 
entitled  to  compensation.  The  advent  of 
the  railway  system  widely  extended  this 
field  of  professional  exertion,  and  in  almost 
every  important  case  coming  under  the  pro- 
visions of  the  Lands  Clauses  Consolidation 
Act,  Mr.  Hammack  was  retained  either  by 
the  claimant  or  the  railway  company.  He 
was  ever  distinguished  by  indefatigable 
diligence  and  punctuality;  his  excellent 


l86L]         Obituary. — Christopher  Henry  ITebb,  Esq. 


I 


Jmlgmcni  nnd  long  experience,  added  to 
ail  earnest  desire  to  do  right,  tendered 
him  a  valuable  ally.  He  wai  very  he- 
qaently  choseii  to  act  as  third  arbitrator 
or  umpire,  and  although  it  rarely  happens 
that  an  arbitrator  satisfies  any  one  by  his 
awards,  upon  more  than  one  occasion  ho 
enjoyed  the  sntisfiietion  of  oou  ten  ting  both 
parti  c». 

Connected  by  residence  and  property 
ivith  the  Tower  tlamlot^,  when  the  elective 
franchiso  was  conferred  by  the  Reform 
Act  upon  that  iwpolous  division  of  the 
metropolis,  Mr.  Hammack  was  appointed 
the  Uetnming-officer  for  the  new  borough, 
and  at  the  termination  of  the  first  election, 
after  a  Bcvcre  contest,  tlie  committees  of 
the  four  cttudldates.  Dr.  Lushiugton,  Mr. 
(allerwards  Sir  W.)  Clay,  Colonel  Leicester 
Stanhope,  now  Earl  of  Uarring^ton,  and 
Captain  Marryat,  the  novilist,  imited  in 
presenting  him  with  a  vote  of  thanks 
written  on  vellum,  referring  in  flattering 
terms  to  tlio  impartial  and  courteous 
manner  in  which  he  had  discharged  his 
office.  HiB  own  political  prineiplea  were 
what  is  ctiUed  Libera  1,  though  not  in  an 
ultra  degree;  and  at  the  famous  Middle- 
sex elections  he  was  a  warm  su[iporter  of 
his  friend  the  late  Jo«epli  Hume. 

Before  public  attention  bad  been  directed 
to  sanitary  matters,  Mr,  Hammack  was 
strongly  opposed  to  the  eontinujince  of 
inlramural  interment ;  ami  w^is  an  active 
pronioicr  of  the  City  of  London  nnd  Tower 
Hamliits  Cemetery,  of  which  Company  he 
Wftl  the  Chainnau  at  the  time  of  his 
d^ceiM.  Ho  was  td»o  connected  with 
oiher  local  public  works;  for  twenty-five 
years  he  was  Chairman  of  the  KateliffOas 
Light  Com  puny,  and  he  waa  a  Director  of 
the  Bhickwall  Kailwaiy  Company.  As  a 
magiMtrute  he  was  peculiarly  fitted  to 
docide  on  all  questions  of  rating  and  ap- 
while  to  hia  practical  knowledge 
tmited  never-falling  urbanity  and 
of  manners.  He  was  h  ghly 
by  a  large  circle  of  professional 
nnd  personal  friends,  and  leaves  behind 
bim  an  honourable  name  arising  from 
a  remetDbnince  of  his  useful  and  active 
life,  and  of  bis  mauy  social  and  domestic 
virtufia. 


Tlie  Buhject  of  this  short  notice  was 
twioe  married;  Erst,  in  1815,  t^  Mary, 
eldest  daughter  of  Joseph  Adams,  E^iq., 
of  Field-hoose,  Newcastle,  Staffortlsbire, 
who  diinl  in  1S53;  and  secondly,  to  Ann, 
daughter  of  Henry  Dowsland,  Esti^,  of 
Croydon,  who  survives.  By  the  first 
marriage  ho  has  left  one  daughter,  mar* 
ried  to  T.  Llewellyn,  Esq.,  of  New-park, 
Trtntham,  Stafford-hire,  and  three  sons: 
(1),  John  Joiwpb,  Ixirn  1817,  married  a 
daughter  of  W.  E.  Snow,  Esq. ;  (2),  James 
Tliomas,  bora  1818,  Assistant-Commis- 
sioner for  the  Census,  married  8ybilla, 
daughter  of  Jam^  Soaiue  Jenyus,  Esq.j 
and  Henry  Laurence,  Ixjm  1826,  who  baa 
succeeded  his  father  in  professional  prac- 
tice, and  is  married  to  Frances,  daughter 
of  Henry  Godwin,  Esq. 

Do  plug  the  last  f  jur  or  five  years  Mr. 
Hunimack  resided  chiefly  st  a  charming 
residence  near  lloxhilU  Surrey,  called  Box- 
binds,  and  until  a  few  mouths  of  hi^  de« 
cease  enjoyed  excellent  health.  Disease 
of  the  heart  discovered  itaelf;  and  hia 
death  was  eioeedingly  sudden.  His  ro- 
mains  were  interred  in  Norwood  cemetery. 


CuBiSTorHEB  Hs?(eY  Hjebb,  EflQ. 

Oct.  26.  At  Worcester,  aged  90,  Chris- 
topher Henry  Hehb,  Esq,,  the  first  Re- 
form Msyor  of  Worcester. 

The  deceased  settled  eiirly  in  life  in 
Worcester  as  a  surgeon  and  apothecary, 
and  devoted  himself  to  bis  proi^ssion  with 
such  per-icverance  and  succeas  as  to  attain 
to  a  Yt-ry  consideniblc  practice  ;  and  when 
Lucien  Bonaparte  took  up  his  residence  at 
Toorngrove,  near  that  city,  Mr.  Hehb  was 
app»ointed  medical  atteiidant  to  the  Prince 
and  his  household.  Mr.  II ebb  was  an 
aocom(dihhed  French  scholar,  and  trans- 
lated with  much  fthility  Corvisart's  well- 
known  work  on  diseases  of  the  heart.  He 
was  one  of  the  originators  of  the  Provin- 
cdal  Medical  and  Surgical  Assoctation, 
which  has  since  become  an  Institution  of 
great  magnitude  and  importance,  with 
branches  throughout  the  kingdom,  and 
for  some  years  be  took  an  active  interest 
in  its  progress.  Likewise  he  was  a  warm 
friend  and  liberal  supporter  of  the  London 


688 


Obituaby. — Christopher  Henry  Hebb,  Esq.        [Dec. 


University,  and  Pregident  of  the  Worces- 
ter Literary  and  Scientific  Institution, 
being  always  an  advocate  for  the  spread 
of  education  and  the  dissemination  of 
useful  knowledge  among  the  working 
classes.  In  politics,  the  deceased  gentle- 
man was  a  staunch  and  consistent  Liberal, 
and  was  one  of  the  first  to  take  office  after 
the  passing  of  the  Municipal  Act.  In 
December,  1835,  Mr.  Hebb  and  eight 
other  Reformers  (Messrs.  Burrow,  Wm. 
Lewis,  R.  Evans,  W.  Hill,  Jaa.  Lee,  Jas. 
Walter,  H.  Southan,  and  S.  Dance)  con- 
tested the  representation  of  Claines  Ward 
in  the  Town  Council,  against  seven  Tories. 
The  whole  list  of  Reformers  won  the 
election,  Mr.  Hcbb  standing  third.  He 
was  elected  the  first  Mayor  of  the  city 
under  the  new  dispensation,  and  so  popu- 
lar was  he  as  an  exponent  of  the  prevail- 
ing opinions  of  the  day  in  political  and 
municipal  matters,  that  in  the  following 
year  he  was  a  second  time  called  upon  to 
fill  tlie  civic  chair.  An  admirable  like- 
ness of  the  worthy  gentleman  in  his 
official  robes,  painted  by  Mr.  Solomon 
Cole,  adorns  the  wall  of  the  Guildhall 
assembly-room. 

Mr.  Hebb  was  for  many  years  an  active 
and  efficient  magistrate  of  Worcester,  in 
which  capacity  he  displayed  much  intel- 
lectual ability  and  an  inflexible  love  of 
justice  ;  but  it  was  in  his  connection  with 
the  charities  of  the  city  that  he  will  be 
longest  and  most  deservedly  remembered. 
For  many  years  he  presided  as  Chairman 
of  the  Charity  Trustees,  and  up  to  the 
latest  period  of  his  public  life  he  devoted 
the  best  energies  of  his  mind  to  the 
advancement  of  the  interests  of  the  nu- 
merous charities  which  fell  to  the  lot  of 
that  body  to  dispense;  and  perhaps  the 
very  best  legacy  ever  lefc  to  the  city  was 
the  publication,  by  Mr.  H ebb's  own  hand, 
of"  An  Account  of  all  the  Public  Charities 
in  the  City  of  Worcester  that  are  under 
the  management  of  the  Worcester  Charity 
Trustees,  with  an  Apptndix,  containing 
a  full  and  careful  summary  of  all  the 
other  Charities  in  that  City  except  those 
which  belong  exclusively  to  individual 
Parishes.''  This  was  published  in  the 
year  18-12.  Perhaps  no  man  was  more 
13 


qualified  for  this  task — ^by  ability,  posi- 
tion, and  perseverance — than  Mr.  Hebb; 
and  if  his  "Account  of  the  Charities" 
that  were  formerly  under  the  manage- 
ment of  the  old  Corporation  was  more, 
correct  than  that  of  the  other  charities,  it 
arose  from  the  fact  of  his  having  possessed, 
through  his  office  of  Mayor,  the  means  of 
examining  all  the  wills  and  docaments 
relating  to  them,  of  which  he,  having 
ample  leisure,  fully  and  carefully  availed 
himself,  and  minutely  compared  them  with 
the  "  Report  of  the  Charity  Commis- 
sioners," while  his  subsequent  experi- 
ence as  one  of  the  Charity  Trostees  en- 
abled him  still  further  to  secure  the  cor- 
rectness of  that  part  of  the  "Account." 
Mr.  Hebb  commenced  his  account  with 
the  almshouses,  taking  the  relative  anti- 
quity of  each  as  the  order  in  which  he 
treated  them.  In  most  cases — and  in  aU 
where  he  considered  it  of  importance  that 
every  individual  should  have  the  opportu- 
nity of  judging  for  himself  of  the  inten- 
tion from  the  words  of  the  donor — he 
quoted  those  identical  words,  and  in  some 
instances  also  the  orthography.  Alto- 
gether the  work  was  a  monument  of  the 
author's  perseverance  and  ahility,  and 
a  faithful  and  accurate  exposition  of  the 
history  and  administration  of  the  charit- 
able endowments  of  the  city.  The  Charity 
Commissioners  themselves,  we  have  heen 
informed,  valued  this  work  highly ;  it  has 
goue  through  three  editions,  the  laat  hav- 
ing been  published  in  1860— edited,  how- 
ever, by  another  hand,  brought  down  to 
that  time,  and  supplemented  with  snch 
additions  aud  alterations  as  had  become 
necessary. 

Mr.  Hebb  retured  from  the  Chairman- 
ship of  the  Charity  Trustees  in  1846,  in 
consequence  of  gp*eat  ag^  and  increasing 
infirmity,  and  resigned  altogether  as  a 
Trustee  in  the  following  year,  when  the 
Trustees  unanimously  passed  a  resolution 
expressive  of  regret  and  a  vote  of  thanks 
for  his  eminent  and  long- continued  ser- 
vices. He  had  abandoned  the  practice  of 
his  profession  for  many  years  before  that 
period,  and  now  he  retired  altogether 
from  public  life.  To  shew,  however,  his 
continued  interest    in    the    charities    of 


1861.]     Chris,  Sen.  Jlebb,  Esq.— Richard  Oastler,  Esq,  68a 


Worcett^,  he  foatided.  in  1S53,  slmiticsfiises 
for  decayed  AUlermcu  and  Councillow,  and 
tbe  widows  of  tuch.  These  he  adeqmttel j 
eudowed;  and  Althotigh  nt  jot,  owing^ 
probably  to  the  terma  of  the  benefiiction, 
the  institation  has  not  come  Into  practical 
usw,  niciina  will  probaibly  bo  devised  to 
obtain  a  new  scheme  for  working  it»  No 
Mooibt,  ItkewiM,  the  deceued  gent1em«n 
lui  left  liberal  bequests  in  i^id  of  the'  poor 
and  local  cbfiritie«. 

Mr.  Hebb  entered  on  his  ninetieth  year 

on  the  22Dd  of  Janmiry  ln$t.  and  althou|!rh 

he  never  left  hij  rtfesidcnce*  he  retained  his 

heiilth  and  fucidtitjt  to  the  hiit.      Trifling 

indifpofitian,  however,  wns  ajiparent  for 

two  or  three  dnyt*  before  hi»  dcaih.     On 

the  25th  October  he  went  to  bed  in  his 

usnal  sturits,  hut  in  tlie  night  was  heard 

bretthing  Jondly ;  nssUiance  was  at  hand« 

I  ho  rose  md  wita  dre^nhig'  himself,  when 

>  bo  fell  Atkd  died  about  h  quarter  pa»t  seven 

•  in  the  moriiing,  before  Sir  Clmrlcs  Has- 

tttigrs,  who  was  lent  for,  could  attend. — 

Worcr*(er  EeraU, 


KtCHAUD  0A9TLBB,  ESQ. 

Wk  willingly  iteeede  to  the  n*qne«t  of 
II  fi-ieiid  of  tlie  deceased  in  giving  inser- 
tion to  a  notice  ol"  the  late  RirUwrd  f  )iiistli  r, 
which  may  he  regartlcd  ns  supplementary 
to  our  pTrvioiis  m^ition  of  him  • : — 

"  liidwird  Oaf  tier  WB*lwm  iti  St,  I*eter'»- 
•qnnrc,  1^'ds.  I>eo,  20,  178U.  He  wtia 
the  voun>f*'»t  ikm  of  Robert  OsiAiler,  a  friend 
atid  followoi*  of  j4iUti  W.  nU'y*  who  on  his 
lartt  vUit  to  the  north  of  Piu-rlitnd,  ihortly 
hofore  his  death,  took  little  Klchiml  up  in 
hi*  ftrmis  and  hlejiised  liirn,  a  roretnony  not 
unfre<juenily  p*  rn>rmetl  by  that  veneraltlc 
man  upon  the  ehildi'cn  of  hiv  pioiu  fot- 
h»wiT«,  At  eiglit  years  of  age  Iticliard 
OiiHt tor  wan  Bent  ♦o  Kiilncck,  the  Mt>riivian 
Kcl  tl<*tticnt,  fir  the  purposi-^  of  education  ; 
hen*  lie  reuiiiiiicd  until  bewa«  mxtecn.  In 
biiyhoiki  ho  had  ii  #trting  wish  to  liecome 
«  lucniWr  of  the  Mngltsh  bar,  but  cot»id 
not  gain  hts  fathcr^s  consent.  After  a  time 
he  wa«  plftei>d  with  an  etninent  architect, 
but  he  www  obliged  to  reUufjuiMh  thi»  pro> 
ft'iirtion  in  ronatrfaencc  of  a  wcnknesA  in 
hiH  ai^ht.  Ue  then  made  up  hl»  niind  to 
j^,,.   L.  ♦..  I..,.: .....1   I.. .  ..  =    I  cotiimift* 

I  uroofig 
'      .  .  '  ,  Inl»20, 

•  OlivT.  Maci,.  Oct.  IMt,  p,  440. 

i^Msn.  M40.  Vol.  CCXL 


however,  he  fuftored  an  honourable  rererrc, 
and  a  voluntary  humiliation,  for  auch  was 
the  high  opinion  in  which  he  wag  hi  Id 
that  his  friends  would  have  given  him 
credit  to  almost  any  amontit  before  he  re- 
tired from  busiiiew.  Jn  July,  1820,  he  lost 
hii  father,  who  had  Imhtu  ssteward  for  m»ny 
years  to  Mr.  Thorahill  On  this  occasion 
Mr.  Thornhill  wrote  and  requested  the  **•« 
to  succeed  his  father  as  steward  on  his 
Yorkshire  estates :  this  offer  being  accepted, 
Mr.  Oastler  left  Leeds,  and  in  Januitry, 
1821,  removed  toFixhy,  whi^re  he  renuiined 
until  183S,  Intheyearl82yMr.Oii8tldr'« 
attention  was  fir<t  directed  to  tlie  8ufft?r* 
ing4  of  tlic  fact-try  children.  At  first  he 
stfHKl  aimof^t  alone,  hut  ho  waa  not  the 
man  to  he  daunted  by  dtflicnlties  or  over- 
come by  opposition,  ami  hi*  exertions  aoon 
attracted  the  notice  of  other  intelligent 
and  patriot ic  pcrsonsi.  From  that  time  he 
became  the  respected  and  beloved  friend 
of  the  working  classes  of  England,  and  his 
nntne  both  a*  an  orator  aud  a  writ<.'r  a 
gnarantee  for  plain  speaking  and  common* 
sense. 

"  On  October  16, 1816,  he  married  Marjf 
Tatham  of  Nottiughara,  who  thus  became, 
a«  he  himself  has  «atd,  *  the  helpmate  of 
him  who  loved  her  aa  hi*  own  soul,  and 
during  more  than  twenty-eight  y cat's 
thaiTisl  his  sorrows  and  enhanced  hisjovs.* 
8he  was  born  May  24,  1793,  and  dieil 
June  12,  lS*t5,  IVy  h*d  two  chiUlrcn, 
Sarah  and  Robert,  who  both  died  in  their 
infancy.  The  good  old  man,  who  ever 
after  remained  a  widower,  waA  tu>ized  with 
his  fsitai  illne*s  while  travt-lling  between 
DMrlingtou  and  Bradford,  He  was  re- 
moved to  Harrogate,  and  survived  not 
many  days.  His  mind  continued  as  clvar 
and  as  calm  to  the  hi^t  as.  it  had  ever  been, 
full  of  hopeful  aud  joyful  confidence  to  the 
end.  He  was  a  »im^Tre  Cliristian,  an 
honest  politician,  and  a  man  ^\io  loved 
his  G'>d,  his  Queen,  and  lii^  country.  The 
gr»*>d  he  has  done  will  live  after  him.  He 
was  an  original  thinker,  awl  a  writer  of 
great  nbiHty  :  perhnps  the  best  s pecimen  of 
his  writings  may  be  found  in  the  pages 
of  *  The  Home/  a  pohUcatioa  he  tt^ed  to 
call  Mils  little  p<^  whose  death*  he  're- 
gretted with  a  father's  fondness;*  it  waa 
commenced  on  May  S,  1861,  came  ont 
weekly,  but  was  discontinued  in  Jnni*  1855, 
bet-ause  not  self-^up^wirting.  Much,  very 
much,  wight  still  be  culled  from  its  pages 
not  of  ptissing  intermt, 

♦•  The  remnins  rf  Uichard  Oastler  now 
]i*»  in  KirLstnll  churchyard,  mar  the  ruins 
of  its  vcuendtle  Ablwy  ;  in  that  sjwne  grave 
aUo  arc  interred  the  rcmaiui  of  lui  wife 
and  their  two  children." 
4g« 


■r:?^*?^- 


690 


Clergy  Deceased. 


[Dec 


CT.ERGY  DECEASED. 

fi'pf .  19.  At  his  raidncc,  Spiul-terr.,  GainM- 
boroof  h,  affed  &i,  the  Ber.  BUert  DuckU. 

Otf.  21.  At  Hkler-wellt,  aced  65,  the  Ber. 
John  Darits,  D.D.,  Bector  of  Gaiefhead. 

O'-f.  23.  At  Torqoaj,  coddenlT,  of  apopIexT, 
aged  43,  the  Ber.  PAi7t>  Waittr  Doyne. 

(kt.  25.  At  Bath.  a«ed  44.  the  Ber.  Arekikald 
Farii,  Bector  of  Lodirraa,  CornvalL 

At  Lltndilo,  a^ed  37,  the  Ber.  Richard  Jpnet 
Gvynn*  Hu^ken^  If.A. 

<ki.  r.  Aged  S*,  the  Ber.  John  Matter 
WkalUy,  of  Clerkhm,  Lancashire,  and  Bector 
of  SUidborn,  Yorkshire.  lie  was  the  third  ton 
of  the  late  Sir  James  Whallej-Sarthe-Gardiner, 
hart.,  whow  father.  Sir  John  Whaller,  first 
baronet  'so  created  in  17S3),  as«nmed  the  addi- 
tional name  of  Gardiner  on  succeed tnf  to  the 
estates  of  the  late  Sir  W.  Gardiner,  whow  title 
became  extinct.  Mr.  Whaller  was  bom  in 
1793,  and  was  educated  at  Balliol  CoUesre.  Ox- 
ford,  where  he  rradoated  S.C.L.  in  1H13.  He 
was  ordained  deacon  and  prien  io  1S17.  bj  the 
Bishop  of  Chester,  and  had  h«rld  the  Bectorr  of 
Slaidbom,  near  Clithero^,  since  the  jear  ISM. 
He  was  heir-pre«amptire  to  the  title  of  his 
nephew,  the  present  Sir  John  B.  Whaller- 
Smrthe-Gardiner,  hart.,  of  Boche-eoort,  near 
Fareham,  Hants.  He  lired  and  died  onmarried. 
^-LamdoH  Reriew. 

Aged  G9,  the  Ber.  W.  B,  Cosetu^  for  18  years 
Tlcar  of  Bf^rry  Pomeroy,  Deron,  and  formerly, 
for  IS  year%  Bector  of  Monk  ton  Farleigh,  Wilto. 

Oct.  28.  At  Hasting%  ai^  69,  the  Ber.  Jos. 
SarilU  Robert*  Eran*,  M.A.,  of  Pre^ot,  Lancash. 

At  the  Bectory,  A^hwater,  aired  84,  the  Ber. 
Tkomtat  Melkuuk.  He  wis  Cnr«te  and  Beet  .r  of 
the  abore  parish  apwards  of  fifty  years,  and 
formerly  a  Fellow  of  Exeter  College,  Oxford. 

Oct.  29.  Aged  76,  the  Ber.  Jame*  Harris^ 
Yicar  of  Wellington,  Somerset,  late  Incumbent 
of  All  Saints',  Mile-end  New-town,  London. 

Oct.  30.  At  Thirsk,  aged  58,  the  Ber.  R/Attrt 
Jamct  ScrJeanttOK,  Vicar  of  Snaith. 

yor.  1.  Aged  78,  the  Ber.  Edtcard  Eliot, 
B.D.,  Vicar  of  Norton  Barant,  Wilts  and  Pre- 
bendary of  Sarum.  He  was  bom  in  the  year 
17  SS,  and  was  educated  at  Exeter  College,  Ox- 
ford, where  he  graduated  B.A.  in  1814,  taking 
second  clasfl  honour*  in  claHiic->,  and  wa.«  snbse- 
qurntlr  elected  Fellow  of  his  college.  He  was 
Archdeacon  of  Barbados  from  1825  to  1837,  in 
which  year  he  retaraed  to  EngUnd,  and  was 
pref'-rred  to  the  liring  of  Norton  Bavant.  In 
iMO  he  wat<  appointed  to  a  prebendal  stall  in 
Salisbury  Cathedra'..  Archdeacon  Eliot  wx«  the 
author  of  "  Jjecturw  on  Christianity  and  SI  irery,'* 
and  on  ••  Chn*tian  Rf^ponsibilitie*,"  and  alw  of 
a  i>ap^r  on  "The  lUnval  of  Conrocation."— 
Jjt/ndon  Rerutc. 

At  Clogher,  co.  Tyrone,  age<l  78,  the  Hon.  and 
Very  Ber.  Rofjtrt  n'iliiam  Henry  Mntde,  Dean 
of  CU^gher.  He  was  the  third  son  of  Comwallis, 
first  Viscount  Hawarden,  by  his  third  wife,  .\nne 


InbeUa,  ealj  daa.  oT  tte  laic  ' 
esq.,  sister  of  the  first  Vlseoont  Xanck,  aad  was 
consequently  unde  of  the  preaeat  Lord  Hawar- 
den. He  was  born  in  1784,  vaa  cdneated  at 
Trinity  CoUeffe,  Dublin,  and  waa  ffusia<i1j  Azcb- 
deacon  of  Dublia.  In  ISU  he 
the  Deanery  of  Clogher.  Dean  Man 
in  1827,  Martha,  eldest  dan.  oT  the  Hon.  Fraads 
Aldboroufh  Prittae,  and  fraaddaa.  of  the  first 
Lord  Dunalley,  by  whom  he  had  laiat. — Xisadsa 
iKerinr. 

.Vor.  2.  .KX  Isliagtoa,  aged  es,  the  Bcw.  C&ac 
Birek. 

At  Clifton,  aged  51,  the  Ber.  Jbokert  I/nr«{7fa 
Cta/ey,  Precentor  of  Bristol,  aad  Vicar  of  AH 
S«int«. 

Aged  73,  the  Ber.  Jokm  Tkomt^aa  Trycm^  Beetar 
of  Bui  wick,  NorthamptoDshire. 

Sor.  i.  Suddenly,  at  his  parsonage,  acar  Wake- 
field, aged  40,  the  Ber.  C.  T.  Erakime^  lli.A^  In- 
eumbentofSt.3richael*s,  Wakefield.  Xr.  Erskxat 
was  the  grandson  of  John,  Earl  of  Mar,  ia  whose 
person  the  honours  of  the  fanulr,  forfeited  ia  the 
rebellion  of  1715,  were  restored.  He  waa  cdocated 
at  Unirersity  Co  lege,  Dnrham,  aad  after  a  dte- 
tinguL*hcd  academical  career,  obtained  hia  fe3ow- 
ship.  After  holding  a  euracj  ia  the  aorth  of 
England,  he  was  for  many  reara  lactnabeat  of 
St.  James's,  Stoneharen,  in  the  dioeeae  of  Breehia, 
where  he  endeared  hiaiself  to  his  people  hj  the 
asAduoumess  and  eamestneaa  of  his  miaistia- 
tions.  On  learing  Stoneharen  he  held  ooe  or 
two  curacies  in  England,  and  at  length  ohtslrird 
the  incumbency  of  the  beantifU  aewr  charch  of 
St.  Michae^^  Wakefield,  where,  writh  natixiBg 
zeal  and  conn«tencT,  he  carried  out  the  Church 
system. — Guardian. 

For.  6.  At  the  Vicarage,  aged  64,  the  Ber. 
Thomuu  CkapmaH,  M.A.,  Mcar  of  Radftird- 
Semele,  Waraickshire. 

At  Crosthwaite,  aged  74,  the  Ber.  Jokm  Dinm, 
Perpetual  Curate  of  Croathwaite,  Weataoreiaad. 

If  or.  7.  At  his  mother's  residence,  Taboej- 
house,  near  .Abingdon,  Berks,  aged  37,  the  Ber. 
Jokm  Wood  Kewtejf,  MJk.,  Braseaoae  College, 
Oxford. 

At  Preston  Vicarage,  Glooeestershire,  aged 
73,  the  Ber.  Henry  Cripps,  M.A.,  Vicar  of 
Pre»ton  All  Saints,  and  of  Stonehoose,  filonccs 
ternhire.  He  was  the  seeoad  son  of  the  late 
Jowph  Cripp^  CM).,  who  sat  as  M.P.  for  Ciren- 
cester from  1806  till  1841,  by  E.izabeth,  daa.  of 
Benjamin  Harrison,  esq.,  of  Lee,  Kent,  aad 
Of'er  of  the  late  Treasurer  of  Guy's  Hoapital. 
and  was  bom  in  1788.  He  was  educated  at  the 
Grammar-school.  Beading,  and  at  Mertoa  Oil- 
lege,  Oxford,  where  he  graduated  B.A.  In  190t, 
and  proceeded  M..i.  in  1812.  In  1817  he  was  ap- 
pointed Vicar  of  Preston,  and  to  that  of  Stooe- 
house  in  18S6.  Mr.  Cnpps,  who  was  a  magis- 
trate for  Glouce*ter«hJT,  married,  ia  1812, 
Judith,  daxi.  of  William  Laurence,  eaq.,  of  Ci- 
rencester, by  whom  he  bad  iasoe.  ffis  eldest 
son  is  Mr.  Henry  Wm.  Cripps,  M..\.,  of  New 
College,  Oxford,  and  barrister-at-law.— roa^iM 
Ret  ietr. 


1861.] 


Obituary. 


691 


J^or.  l>.    At  the  Parsonage,  Chipstcxul,  Smrcy, 
he  Iler,  Ptfer  Atibtrtin,  Rector. 
A'(tr,  in.    At  the  roMdcDce  of  bi«  son,  World- 
Ain  RtMJtory,  H^nti,  aged  70,  the  Ror,  Jlunfir 
rUVflwri*  F^U,  M.A.,  Rn^tor  of  Oulton,  Suilblk, 
In  the  Clunc,  Nonricb,  iik«1  85,  the  Rev.  Ed' 
Vftrd  Ilih^nmtt  Mcor  of  FordhniQ,  Canil>ndi(«> 
fthlrt',  nnd  formerly  FeUow  nnd  Tutor  of  J«siii 
Collc(K»,  Caaibridg«« 

Agred  B'S  the  Rev.  Jatnet  OumttHing,    II. A. » 
Rector  of  North  Runcton,  Norfolk. 
At  Malta,  the  Rev.  J,  IT,  J.  MoriwH,  lale  of 
bingford^  K>a«x, 
XoK  n.    At  BUtoD  Rectory,  sged  74,  the  Rer. 

At  Bow,  the  RcT.  Thommnart^  M.A.,  Incam- 
ent  of  Christ  Church,  Stratford,  ai»d  lute  Curute 
of  Yeorll,  HotnerBet. 
At  his  re«ildcnce,  Laoidown-pL,  Clifton,  aged 
,  the  Ri'v.  J.  If.  Nur^e,  MA. 
K^f*,  IS.  At  Rodcar,  a  god  49,  the  R«r.  Henry 
\<Cinrk*,  tncumbcnt  of  Gaisbro%  York*. 

At  Sfiittprby  ForHonaffo.  noar  Kirton-in  -Lf  nditey, 
MneoLmihire,  aged  M,  the  Rot.  H,  Morfy,  B.A. 

At  Hoddrsdon^  Herta,  nged&B,  the  Rev.  Georfft 
Tranrit  Ottty^  late  Vio«r  of  lilehtttii,  Combdir 
Xoc.  17.    At  Miirnwoud,  Shropshire,  aged  67, 
he  Rev.  John  liurtffff. 

gifM.  IS.  At  Quendon  Rectory.  Ejsex,  aged  %B, 
fMfff.  /ohH  a>//ift|  ftrty*al]i0  ywn  Rector  of 
""    »lfh. 

ilTiw.  20,  At  Liverpool,  aged  57,  the  Rcr, 
^arht  FrujAiMp/oM  Z^tierenftf,  M.A.,  IncumbcDt 
r  8t,  Lake'"  Church,  In  thml  town. 
At  Scafojrth,  ncur  Liverpool,  nged  70,  the  Rev, 
]^4>^«  Boiujhe^  Monkt  M.A.,  ChitplcLln  of  St. 
George'"  Church,  Liverpool,  nnd  formerly  a 
Fellow  of  TrloJly  Cotlc^,  Cttotbridge. 

DEATHS. 
^ABSAKOSD  tK  chbonolooicjll  obceh. 
'  Avff,%,    At  S^efao},  Ngvcl  30,  the  Emperor  of 
China.    See  OutrtrAkY, 

Attff.  4.  At  Wooflunif,  China,  Commander  John 
Murray  Qjoke,  R.N.,  n.M.9.  ♦'Simoom,**  son  of 
the  lute  Rev,  WUlUai  Cooke,  Vicar  of  Bromyard, 
IJcrefortlshire. 

Au]/.  19.  At  EiiflrUl,  nenr  f^ydney,  Simon  Rood 
riturd,  i^.t  M.R.C.S.L.,  &o..  Curator  and  iSecre- 
tary  of  the  Austrulian  Museum,  Sydney, 

Auff.tl.    At  8t(mhope«lodge,  Dulwlch,  aged 
?0,  Mr.  .lohn  Soutcr,  formerly  a  booksrUer  in 
Jti,  i'nul't  Churchyard.    Be  hod  recently  been 
clecte<l  one  or  the  Court  of  Awbtanta  of  the  Corn- 
puny  of  Stittionera. 

Arpt.  L  At  Bombay,  aged  81,  liene.  H.  C, 
Lee,  lAte  of  the  l^t  Kegt.  M.N.L,  and  eldest  son 
of  the  Rev.  R*  Lee,  Rector  of  Stepney. 

Sn>t  U.  At  Nellore,  Mary  Chriftina,  wife  of 
l^pL  Rlthcrdon,  and  cldeat  dau.  of  Cot.  Uomund, 

'  M!iidni»  Artillery. 

Sept,  11,  At  }*oona,  Bombay,  aged  24,  Dipt, 
Eoberl  Maurice  Bonnor  Maariee,  U.M/s  95th 
RegL,  eldest  aon  of  R.  M.  Bofuior  Manrice,  ewq., 
O'f  Bodynfoet,  Itfontgoawryahire.  He  entered  the 
■nnj  u  emlgii  «93th  P6ot}  in  ISS^i  and  serrcil  At 
Geitt.  Mao.  Vol.  CCXl. 


the  uicgc  and  full  of  Sebastopo!  ftom  the  I6th  of 
AuKUs't,  1355 ;  and  also  in  lS5d  at  the  lie^^e  aod 
copture  of  Kotah,  battle  of  KoUh-ke-8crui,  ai  d 
frcficml  action  resulting  in  the  cjipiure  of  Gwalior, 
for  which  he  wja  mentioned  in  despatchcff,  and 
received  the  medal  and  clojcp. 

At  Arcot,  Madras,  Capt.  W.  P.  Dercreux,  of 
n.M.V  105th  Begt. 

At  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  Edward  Bayli*, 
e»q^  founder  of  the  Victoria,  English  and  Scotti«h, 
Anchor,  Waterloo,  and  other  Life  Insuranca 
OfRoea^ 

Srpt,  23.  Suddenly,  at  Memner,  Eo«t  Indies, 
aged  29,  Philip  Willium,  eider  Mm  of  the  late 
HeT.  Robert  Philip  Blnke,  of  Stoke-next-Gulld- 
ford,  Surrey,  and  Wilralnplon,  SuiMtc:i. 

Sfpt.  24.  At  Dublin,  aged  7a,  Jafue»  W.  CnsAck, 
esq.,  M.D.,  of  AbbGrltle-boosc,  oo.  Dublin,  and 
Cu8<dngton,  co,  Meath,  an  eminent  member  of 
the  medical  profcetrJoa.  He  wjia  the  third  um 
of  the  Ute  Atbimajiiu9  Cusock,  eiiq.,  of  Lamgh- 
house,  eo,  Kildare,  by  hia  fir»t  nify,  Mary  Anne, 
only  dan-  of  Edward  Kotberhnm,  cwq^,  of  Croft*- 
dmcn,  eo.  Heath,  and  was  bom  about  the  year 
1791.  He  wnfi  educated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin, 
where  he  grudtiated  B^A,  1812,  and  nub-equently 
took  bia  degree  in  the  faculty  of  medicine,  la 
1851  be  waa  appointed  Profeaior  of  Suri^cry  in 
the  University  of  Dublin,  and  in  1858  fucceedcd 
the  late  Sir  Philip  Cran»pton,  bart„  in  the  hono- 
rary post  of  Surgeon  in  Ordinary  to  Her  Maji^tty 
in  Irtbnd;  he  bad  aW  been  twice  President  of 
the  Royal  C«tleg«9  of  Surgeons  in  Ireland.  The 
deeetiftcd  gentleman  waa  twice  married :  flntly, 
in  181ft,  to  EUzabctlt  Franoea,  elde*l  dau.  and 
eo-belr  of  Joseph  Bernard,  etq.,  of  Greenhilla, 
King**  County ;  and,  secondly,  In  1838,  to  Franceff, 
dan.  of  the  Rev.  John  T.  RadcUITe,  and  widow 
of  R.  Rothwell,  esq  ,  of  Hnrdleadown,  co.  Dublin. 
He  is  snceeeded  in  his  estntei^  by  hi»  4on,  Hi  nry 
Th«>a.|  Lieut,  in  the  Royal  North  Devon  Mounted 
RiJieSi  who  m*  born  iu  1820,  and  murried,  in 
1851,  Sophia  Anne,  dau.  of  the  Inte  Wm.  Tanner, 
esq,  of  BlanckIanda4iou»e,  Wilts,  Mr,  Cusack 
wa«  hcir'malc  of  ttie  ancient  hou<>c  of  Cumck, 
lords  of  Bcnorepaire,  Gemrdstown,  Culmntyn, 
Killeen,  and  Dnoaany,  in  the  early  Irivh  PartJji'- 
menis;  and  also  repret«nlatire  (throuKb  female 
heirs)  of  Sir  Thomas  Cusa<ck,  of  Cuasington  (n 
junior  branch  of  the  same  family),  who  died  in 
1571,  having  been  Lord  Chancellor,  Master  of 
the  RoUk,  and  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Common* 
in  Ireland,  and  thrice  Viceroy  of  that  kingdom, 
and  whose  daught«?r  Catherine,  by  her  marriage 
with  Sir  Henry  CoUey,  became  the  ancestress  of 
the  Marquis  WeUef>ley  and  the  Duke  of  Welling- 
too.  Mr,  Cu«aek  was  als*>  one  of  the  co-repre* 
■entstiTes  of  Edmund  of  Woodstock,  and  as  i^ueb 
waa  entitled  to  quarter  the  Koyal  arms  of  Eng- 
land. — London  lieview. 

Sept.  25.  At  Government -house,  Seychelles, 
George  T.  Wade,  esq,.  Civil  CommiM«ioner. 

<S#p^  28.  At  Bays  water,  aged  €4,  Mr.  Charles 
TUt,  formerly  a  publisher  in  London,  but  of  late 
jears  a  re«identat  Bath.  A  local  papi  r  ^peakfi  thus 
highly  of  him  :— "  Mr.  Tilt  was  nnt  imly  *  a  well- 
known'  pubU&Lcr,   but  one  wUoae  tuste,  Jfldg- 


e&2 


Obitcart. 


[Dec 


trv,/-.',  ■-/.r  ■.r..>r  .*..•  lart  ▼'r*  z-'t  it:. 7  »«7 
'' or. "pu-.  ..■.-.».    .r.   •.".i».r    -.17.  i.r  1.— .-•--.  Vn,.*tT, 

-.r.-»',r.>*:  r.'/>T»'>t  vy-r.     *v,r*-M  t7..'rs*<  fca 

•''.■".'.■'■  -*^r* '/  •>7'^*>»^r.'^»3»  v»  TV.**,  i*  'w.ir.'.Tvw 
tr^^  .' '  V.',. :  'yr.\  c-,»  v-.  V*  .1>.  'w  hi*  h»:-in<'**- 
i.k*  »-.-.. tj  E*-.»r  for-iV,*  tlrr-  > mt  iw)i->  ie 
t/-»7»;.f:*:  '.r.  tf.*-  f  »r.'.T.^,r.t.  »Vi->  v.o:**  uac*  in 
IU.7,  *.-.l  T>:v-I  r./7;,».  an-i  -"rr-i.     Vz/5^t  tie 

•trj-.t-Ti*  ;.":«  Til-srr.--,  er.tlt.«l  'Tii*  Koat  and 
CA'»Tir.,'  wh;.**!  i'lT**  a  irood  ir^-;  7ra;>Lle  ac- 
c/.-*rit  of  .'.!■»  V/iir  ;r.  tr.*  two  la^t-naat**!  conr.trlM. 
S  .i><*f|i«it,7,  Mr.  Tilt  took  :;p  tj  re-i.-lenc*  in 
Kath,  an/l  h»»nv&«  eonn^-ntM  with  manj  of  car 
b*T.#-TO>r.t  ar.'l  n'.igfioi^  :::«t;t'jtion.'* ;  to  thcAe 
h*  irt*  a  ^ft-B^TooJiontr.but/^^r,  anrt  in  mrr-tcw:*, 
in  i't.*:-.r  b^r.xiU  b«  «a«  an  ^ctir*-,  int/-.ri7«int, 
an'l  ;n'J*;f iti^r  **>>  work^-r.  Hot  n^ufib  the  '  T'>t- 
t/'fth.^-n  Fan'l'  of  £j,l<vl  owr:4  t/#  h  <  z<i'->:*  ex- 
fTtiw.*  i<  only  known  Ut  tLo-«r  who,  nk*^  bimiclf, 
wr*-  fl^«;pl7  «nf)(r%0rM  in  reariniT  t';at  fri*n--lf 
U-^tinrionial  of  re/ird  to  the  memory  of  departed 
worth.  Of  .Mr.  Tilt  it  may  h^  -afd  that,  whererer 
b^  w-i«  Uif,zu-d  he  wa*  knovn  and  hisf-ily  entwined 
aK  an  active  and  m'>^*  a^ful  member  of  society ; 
he  ftUM  many  iKniti/#nA  of  truit,  and  always  with 
irrent  .vJvinUKe  to  thoMi  for  whom  he  labfjcred, 
and  Vt  whow;  ry/nrern*  b<;  gavf?  hi-*  diflint4:re«ted 
an )  nh\*'  exfrtionn." 

At  Ow.ilior  Fort,  India,  Li#^t.  F/Imnnd  Powenw- 
court  J'<ik<nham,  52nd  Lijfht  Infantry,  fourth 
tn>n  of  thf  late  Lieut.-Oen.  th<-  Hon.  sir  Hercules 
I'iikrnham  and  Kmily,  fourth  dao.  of  Thomas, 
2infl  Iy>rd  l^-  Ii«'«i>encer. 

.Sfpf.  .Vj.  At  NynM:  Tal,  Himalayaii,  Frederick 
Hoijtheof«>  S«;;ile,  Tapt.  K.A.,  younfreftt  iion  of  the 
Inte  Hir  John  Henry  S«-alp,  hart.,  of  Mount  Ikwne, 
M.I',  tnr  liiirtuiouth. 

At  F];im-t< ;ul,  Jainaira,  aKC'd  40,  Capt.  Samuel 
Morri^h,  U.S.,  of  H.il.S.  •«  Imaum." 

Oft.  5.  At  hiN  rc^iden'^e,  Tremcrton-houiie, 
CliApham-purk,  a^ed  .'>3,  Juiiiet  TortiKjUrt,  em{., 
for  many  yeani  a  MeniU-r  of  Council  for  the 
Iwliind  of  Jamaica,  and  CuAton  of  the  pariHh  of 
Hi.  AndrewV. 

Ort.  12.  At  New  nuildinfrx,  Frome,  ngfd  71, 
MJMii  Klizalieth  Tuck,  author  of  ••  Valli^  Vulc," 
and  other  pfietieal  works. 

Ott.  13.  At  Corfu,  aifed  77,  Mr.  .Matthew  PaKP, 
one  of  the  oIde^t  of  the  Hriti^h  re».ldentn  in  that 
iHlund.  He  whh  bom  at  Dorchcitter  in  1784,  and 
arrived  at  Corfu  from  (ip.ntm  in  181fl,  and  in  the 
forty-fjMir  years  In  which  he  resided  tliere  had 
Knined  'aceordinif  to  the  ••  Greek  Observer")  the 
reNiMHt  of  all  who  knew  him.  He  may  be  called 
tme  of  the  KuKliNh  commercial  i>ionecrs  of  the 
Medit4>rruneun,  having  e-tablihed  himstlf  iu 
Corfu  shortly  after  the  Septinsular  Republic  was 
placitl  under  the  protecforute  of  Great  Britain. 
He  ninrrirtl  in  Corfu  in  IHIH,  and  has  left  bihind 
htm  eight  sons  (flro  of  whom  are  marri<!d),  one 
dau.  (hUo  married),  and  sixteen  grandchildien. 


0-  ^  14.    At  >-jni=ic 
TTr-TT-jj*  E^!L  *■*<{ .  a^a:-*  Member  aad.  Pre 
of  H.M.'4  Cior!/^  ;f  i:iit  Wjxz.t. 

Of.  I  J-    I-  Li:ti;c  Sina,  tie  ^-Je  of  Licvs.- 

aoc4r-»'t. 
A'.  St.  Er^Li.ie.  xttd  ».  V^-i-w  Joha  JzhsacaL, 

O^*.  ifl.  j.r  W=  \m  Lrita  M-imj  runtuxied 
a:  p.  IT'i  was  as  aec- .tc pished  c^-tiras,>r  of 
SAtr  .c.'tr.:.:-.Ll  icL&zxt.  The  o'sserxiroey  which  ae 
b»:'-t  isd  e«5a:pp^  it  fjchtertyre  t-isJkj  as  ctie  cf 
the  ><t  i=.  tl:«  kizrl.m.  a£-i  ^ery  -.snporcaat  ob- 
M-rckrloo  Lire  been,  flroa.  time  to  tisne.  made 
witi  ::•  iafltnment*.  Tie  de-wajvti  wa#  e1&inect^y 
intellMtoiI  in  hi«  tesdeneies  ud  parvcii* :  cun^ 
Little  f-TT  tte  traditiotui  avocations  of  eoQBtrr 
fei:'.>3:en,  and  cpecljur  xoe^t  of  his  tiaw  ia 
•cectllc  r^r^e^rch.  T  >  Ltezatore  he  eoatriboLed 
a  work  on  hUt.-jricil  TOina  north  of  the  For:h« 
be^idM  Torioiu  article*  oa  art  and  icicsice :  the 
stu'ly  of  the  hearecs.  howerer,  was  his  faToarita 
ponuit.  He  ftndioasly  aToided  pabUe  life,  bcl 
be  wa.5  unwearied  in  his  efforts  to  benefit  the 
poor  of  his  own  district  of  Tpper  Scratheara: 
h:.4  cbaritie*  wrere  most  liberal,  and  be  also  ex- 
erted himself  to  amase  and  instroct  tbcm.  **  The 
la<t  paMic  occai^ion  on  which  the  writer  of  this 
notice,"  says  the  **  Edinburgh  Courant,**  **  saw 
Sir  WUlL&m  Mnrray  was  one  eminently  charae- 
terl«tic  of  the  man.  He  had  for  many  jears 
been  in  the  habit  of  exerting  his  own  great 
musical  talent  and  that  of  hi^i  family  for  the 
amusement  and  instrtiction  of  the  inhatntants  of 
Crieff,  by  giving  amateur  concerts  to  larye  parties 
of  the  townspeople  at  Ochtertyre.  This  last 
spring,  baring  turned  his  attention  towards  the 
beautiful  effects  of  dissolving  views.  Sir  "WLliam 
proposed  to  give  a  series  of  exhibitions  to  all  the 
people  of  the  district.  And  the  idea  was  carried 
out.  A  splendid  collection  of  8lide>«  was  acquired, 
and  morning  and  night  for  one  whole  week  the 
good  liaronet  himself  worked  the  lantern,  and  ex« 
plained  the  subjects  as  they  passed  into  the  field. 
Thousands  came— from  Comric,  from  Muthill, 
from  all  the  adjacent  villages— and  when  it  was 
all  over,  and  the  excitement  past.  Sir  William 
felt  that  his  health  had  suffered.  To  the  con- 
tinuous labour,  and  the  noxious  atmosphere  of 
the  densely  crowded  hall,  he  attribated,  with 
every  reason,  the  beginning  of  that  illness  which 
proved  fatal." 

Oct.  17.  At  his  residence,  Norfolk-cre««ent, 
Bath,  aged  76,  .Major-Gen.  Jas.  Price  Hely,  K.II. 

Aged  78,  the  Rev.  John  Cockin,  of  Halifax. 
He  was  the  In  dependent  minister  at  IIolmArth  fur 
forty -three  years,  but  resigned  the  pastorate 
in  18(9,  since  which  time  he  has  lived  in  retire^ 
ment  in  Hulifax. 

Oct.  19.  At  Arcot-hall,  Northumberland,  aged 
59,  Henry  Shum  Storey,  esq. 

Oc.  20.  At  Geneva,  aged  20,  Henry  Arthur 
Savage,  esq.,  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  son 
of  .Marmion  Savage,  esq. 

Oct,  21.  At  Uuth,  aged  67,  Colonel  8ir  Claude 
Martine  Wade,  Knt.,  C.B.  This  able  publio  ser- 
vant was  the  son  of  th«  late  LiouU-Col.  Joaeph 


1861.] 


Obituaby. 


693 


Wade»  of  the  neopil  Army*  hy  the  elil<wit  Ujiit,  of 

Lieut. -Col.  Kobcrt  Ro«n,  and  woa  born  tn  licnfirml 

in  1794.    In  I(KK>  be  entered  the  niLUiary  «ervice 

of  ttMr  EftPt  IndU  Com  pan  >%  in  ^hich  he  ro9«  to 

the  nnk  of  Iteut.^col.  in  IHS!*.  and  subscqueDtly 

receiTcd  the  loc«l  rank  of  full  colonel  in  ludiu. 

Whilit  holding  »  military  commiwiion,  he  was 

oonNlanlly  emfiloyed  in  various  civil  poats.    In 

IS23  he  wa«  appointed  diplomatie  Of^nt  «t  Loo- 

tUnnah,  and  In  1835  wa«  pbioed  in  charge  of  our 

^TelAtionn  with  Runject  Sinir  and  the  states  ocrosa 

\  the  Indus.    In  1S.1S  he  was  eent  on  a  special  ntiA- 

I  tloi*  to  Pesbawnr,  to  join  the  Sikh  army  with 

^  Sbahn^atla  1  iaioor,  and  wiu  the  Jimt  to  force  (he 

Khybcr  TtiM,   In  IHIS  be  wa«  nozninattrd  potitleal 

t  a^eril  at  Malwn,  reniriil  India,— the  Uflt  civil  up* 

Lpoiutment  which  be  held.     Sir  Claude,  who  woa 

Uy  dv!«cended  from  Henry  Warto,  of  Uer- 

own,  eo.  \tcnthf  whose  aon  Charles  luat  hla 

\  hf  forfeiture  for  adherlnfr  to  the  exiled 

fltOKTU^  flMurried  in  IMA  the  eldeat  dau.  of  the 

.  Utf  Ctpt.  T.  Nioholl«  of  the  fietigal  Horse  Artil- 

i  lery,  who  •tinrlrot  to  lament  hi«  loss.— X^'m^m 

At  BrlKbton,  aered  40,  Major Tboauia  Moiibny, 
lnt«  of  Tf  .M/s  ASrd  Etst.,  son  of  the  Ute  Captain 
Gifo,  Mcmbmjr*  R.X.,  of  Grecnwic\i  llospital. 

At  Houthampton,  aged  28,  John  MiLriKl  Came- 
ron, Slaff  A«iii»tant*Surgei:in,  5th    Dei>t)t    Bat' 
Ulion.  late  of  IL3bL*»  27tb  ( InniikUlinita} . 
At  Tivertoiff,  D«ron,  aged  7^^  Edward  Fcnfotd, 
f  esq.,  Ute  I2ih  Royal  Lanoent,  aecoud  i^on  of  the 
l^lnto  Edw*  Penfoldf  esq.,  of  Loote^court,  near 
^•Maidsloae,  Kent. 

At   Rhlwoedogt  near  Bala,  aged  70,   Henry 
bBieliardton,  esq.,  formerly  Lieut,  67th  Refrt.  and 
^9nd  Dragoon  Gnardu,  and  for  many  years  a  ma- 
>  gittmte  and  Deputy-Lieut.  Merioneth«tiire. 
At  CombfTwell,  nged  5iB,  Mr.  Francin  .!rj»»r,  for- 
merly of  tlw  Sontli  Soo-boiue,  and  ittie  of  the 
Hudson*!!  nay^houaef  London,  dnnoK  many  yean 
Secretary  to  the  DeiNivolfiit  Society  of  Blue«. 

Ovt.  22.  At  hi«  reifdeoee,  St.  Jame»*»-p1ace, 
Major  Franci*  Forester,  brother  of  the  lut^s  Lord 
Fomiter.  He  married  Lady  Louisa  Vane,  eldest 
dau.  of  the  late  Duke  of  Ck'Te1and«  in  l!<13,  by 
which  lady,  who  died  in  .1  annury,  tH21,  he  Icavea 
aur^tvitii;  issue  CoU  C.  W.  Forester,  married  to 
the  tlsler  of  Lord  iiallouii. 
At  Brighton,  aged  31.  Robert  £dw.  Eardley, 
:  elrtcit  Mm  of  Sir  Uenry  S.  Wilmot,  borL^  of 
Ihirtdewden,  Derbyshire. 

At  Tunbridire,  aged  IS,  Gcorgw  W.,  son  of  Sir 
Woodbine  and  Lady  Parish. 

At  WeUingb<*rough,  John,  ae«ood  ton  of  the 
Im*  Farrer  Grot©  Spurgvon  Farrcr,  csq»,  of  Bray- 
field-house,  Bucks* 

At  W«sWn-au|ier-afare,  Somenet  shire,  Balen 
aiJM,  wlffr  of  Capt,  Smyth  Grimth.  K.N. 

Aged  70,  Mary,  wife  of  Cnpt.  Wheetcrr,  of  the 
RockA,  eo,  mikenny,  and  dau.  of  the  late  John 
IloUiiam,  osq.,  of  Butler-house,  Kilkenny. 

(M,  23.  At  Bruesda,  aged  69,  CoL  ChsrUs 
White. 

At  Hevwe  Fiw,  aear  Woreerter,  agwJ  41,  Ma- 
tilda Jatuv  nUei  of  Eliot  Warburton,  ea<i.,  and 
wile  at  Himry  MneburF  .Milman,  esq. 


At  Hereford,  M.iry  Anne,  eldfjit  dan.  of  th* 
late  RcT,  John  Geo.  Ilonnington,  U.D.,  Reelor 
of  Hampton  Biehop,  near  tliai  dty,  ajid  Freben- 
dary  of  Hereford  Cathwlral. 

At  Moniaek,  Inverness-shlre,  Mrs.  Jane  Fraaer, 
of  ReeUck,  last  sur riving  dan.  of  Alexander  Fra*cr 
Tytler,  Lord  Woodliouselee,  and  widow  of  Jamea 
Baillie  Fraser,  eeq.,  of  Recliek,  to  whom  ahe  woa 
marriett  in  1»23. 

At  Richmond  Barnieks,  Doblin,  aged  30,  Capt. 
Richard  Milbanke  Tilghman,  H.M.V  IJth  Regl., 
youngcjst  (K>n  of  the  Ute  Richard  Milbnnkc  Tilgh- 
mnn.  ot  the  Bengal  Civil  Serriee. 

Oct.  34.  At  Morwleh,  Wm.  CoUyer»  eeq.,  Ute 
Col.  tn  the  Bengal  Infantry,  and  a  magi*Urate  for 
the  eounty  of  Norfolk  and  the  city  of  Norwich. 

Juatina  Merey,  wife  of  the  Rer.  John  Young 
Hughe«,  Idini^tiT  of  Christ  Church,  Greenwich. 

Oi-t.  25.  At  Surbiton-house,  Kingston-on- 
Thiuaea,  Caroline  Elizabeth^  wife  of  B.  H.  Mow- 
bray, eoq.,  and  eecond  and  1.4 st  surviving  dauu  of 
the  late  Hon.  Archibald  Cochrane,  Capt.  RN. 

At  Nelherhy,  aged  ft9.  Sir  J.  G.  R.  Gnih*lll, 
bart.    See  Outri/AHir, 

At  her  residence,  Park-ploee,  Regenrtf-park, 
Martha,  widow  of  Thos.  Deane  Pearae,  e«)q.,  for- 
merly Capt.  in  H^M.'ii  14th  Regt,  of  Light  Dro- 
goonSf  and  dau.  of  the  late  Sir  John  St.  Aubyn, 
bort,  of  Clowance,  Cornwall. 

At  her  residence,  Highbury,  aged  43,  Anne, 
wife  of  Tbm.  Row,  esq.,  Ute  of  the  legislative 
Cauneil,  and  sUter  of  the  Hon.  Hogh  W,  Hoylee, 
H.M.'»  Attorney-Gen.,  KewfoondlaDd. 

At  Tottenham,  aged  6 J,  Louica  Ann  H olden, 
only  liister  of  the  late  Hen.  Geo.  Holdrn.  eM[., 
Ule  of  the  Public  Record -o Rice,  RoHr  Chapel. 
For  an  Obituary  notice  of  this  gentleman  eee 
Gnarn  Mao.,  Feb.  IBGO,  p.  18G. 

At  Great  Marlow,  Backs,  aged  73,  Geo.  Hick- 
man,  e^.,  many  years  Amietanl-Siirgeon  to  the 
Royal  Horse  Guards  fBlue). 

At  Bui  ham-court,  Kochroter,  aged  38,  Thomas 
Abbott,  esq.,  from  the  ejfecta  of  an  accident  while 
ahootitig  on  Oct.  23. 

At  Sydenham  Vicarage,  Oxoo, aged  40,  Augusta 
Warren  Rniwne,  youngest  dau.  of  the  Ute  Lieut.- 
Col.  Arthur  Browne*  for  many  yenrs  Lieti^t.- 
Oovemor  of  Charles  Fort,  Rlnsale* 

At  Miekleton  Manor-house,  GloueceteriEhire, 
aged  83,  Anne,  widow  of  John  GriTes,  esq.,  of 
Miekleton. 

CM.  Id.  At  St.  LeonArdVon-Sco,  aged  4d« 
C^l.  n.  H.  BeU,  of  the  Madrna  Artillery. 

At  Montreal,  Canada,  aged  97,  Mi^Jor  ?• 
MaeDougall,  late  S3th  Rert. 

At  Northampton,  aged  30,  William  John,  se- 
cond son  of  the  late  Sir  William  McMahon,  iMtrt., 
formerly  Muster  of  ihe  Bolls  In  Irehmd. 

At  Upper  Hcrmerton,  aged  02,  Sarah,  wife 
of  J.  J.  Ronaldson,  »ii4tcr  of  Major-Oen.  Huth- 
waite,  C.B.,  Bengal  Horse  Artillery,  and  nie«e  of 
the  Ute  LU?ot,-Gen,  Iluthwalte,  Bengal  Army. 

Louisa  Flixabeth.  wife  of  Cupt,  William  Vine, 
Gth  3tadr<is  Light  Cavalry,  and  dau,  of  the  late 
WlllUm  Young  Otlley,  c«i.,  P.S.A. 

At  Woreestier,  aged  OO,  C.  U.  Hebb.  eeq.  8e« 
Ontti^aaT. 


CM 


Obittart. 


^MJCCm 


^A  '-'  '.--ft  i*^  '*'.  fe-  Wrvi  T.A4r  ?/  L>i>»- 
iiTj^-^.r:-  ?,v.jt».  :.*.>  F »•:--/»  v'  frL  ;  ,-!=:■«  ^'oC***. 
C4-~  \r,'^*  xzr.  Iyer*-  Vit-^-O-A^i:  '.^  ti*  »iTT?=* 

as,-!   Jt/»-r.  •*-•■«-'  V.  tit   i,',"*   t-;.re=i«  Coc^vlfcr 

<r>l  .'r^^s/c  Mr.  HvTZ.':n-.  lie  J -i?%  'X  iz^t  =*-■ 
tr.-/-^--*.-  v>  I-_ri*7- 

0<'  IT.  At  5or.s->«ae.  T'jrpr.cit,  lyri  ^ 
tJM  Hot.  MCrn  F«t7  I^T-Lvye.  Vji«  w^i*  'ie  H-jc 
C*.",.jMr  >''/-ti.  OriT*«.  wiK-t-i  '-fa.  of  Tlooam, 
mtfj'MJi  Ixr-i  ^/T»»M,  Vt  L*4t  Mjitt  Vx9*%  iiifter 
oT  t>  :*>  M*5',-.ji  cf  Aijr>^7,  *£^  lurrjed, 
ia  mif,  Uj*  Ut«  Mij'^-Ot-i.  H:izb  P«rtT  Lan- 
MCi.  of  •«%ri%.v9«pttrk.  5ortL'2xttTLa&d,  but  wm 
left  4  w.'lv*  .Q  J  XT,  I'vllf.— J[/>R^<»A  tr^i^ie. 

Af'.tT  ft  f«v  cAfft*  Ulc«4*.  airrd  'm,  v'l^Ile  on 
»  r.».t  Vi  J'/L&  Vo^njr,  «*<j.,  Ot-lj^'irusb  Caj<>,  eo. 
Antnrxi.  A'jtxuifia  Xacd'Aal'l,  Torjairest  uui 
U^t  *:*rT.vir.^  v/a  of  thit  late  ^;r  AltzAcder  Ifae- 
dMU.i  Iyx:kriArt,  b*rt.,  of  Lkrrle,  L*«t  umI  Cam- 
«ft*.a.  11^  ctotber  v»- JuM^dkn.  of  I>ui;el  MC" 
5f«!:,  «rv|.,  of  OkllkL'iiLIj,  Ar(ryll-Lire.  He  wm 
lr>nk  in  Julr,  1</j6,  and  wm  a  Deiratj-Lieut.  for 
I^nark^tiir*^,  vbicfa  be  rtpnr^enter!  in  Parliament 
M  a  (ymhtfmli^t  from  If^^  till  1S41. 

At  the  Orore,  ^uimoath,  ai^ed  79,  Sarah  Ja- 
aoKta,  wi/iov  of  the  Ktr,  lienry  Ilod^kinson, 
K«ct/^r  of  ArboHield,  Berks  *nd  '^•f  furritin^ 
dft'i.  of  th*r  Eiirbt  lUrv.  Cuiadi-i^  Crigan,  late  Bi- 
shop of  ^fMiffr  and  Man. 

At  ^t.  O'r'jrjfeVbill,  6am«T«wtAhire,  afred  51, 
SfiKy,  wife  of  tbe  !(/•▼.  Ilenrj  Mireboaae,  and 
dAu.  of  tfje  lau  J'kilip  John  Mile«,eftq.,  of  Leifh- 
cif/urt,  VimerMt. 

At  the  U4-*:Ujrj,  Har«tmonceatix,  atred  75.  Anne, 
r#-Ii';t  of  W,  Mackenzif,  D.D.,  Mimetime  Sector 
of  IStima^h  and  Jla«>comb. 

At  \V'ux,]Mtnn:  Minuter,  I>oT!«et,  aged  75,  Mary, 
relia  of  John  C'^rneKie,  K.lh 

At  l-innart,  OfM.-no'jk,  David  Crawford,  eftq., 
WriUrr,  Baron  Bailie  of  Grwnock. 

Air'Ml  f/i,  Ann,  relict  of  tbc  Rev.  John  Wil« 
liarnn,  of  Chester. 

At  I'innrr,  ajr*  d  01,  Mrn.  Pp*,  widow  of  Henry 
Ja«.  I'}e,  t^*4^.^  forincrlj  Poet  Laureate,  and  M.P. 
for  lU'Tk",  whom  hbe  nurvivtd  forty-eight  years, 
I'ytt  wan  •'  Hxed  a  rhynwr  for  lif*-"*  by  reading 
I'oirti'n  ••  Homirr''  nbcn  a  child,  Kucceodcd  War- 
Vm  in  \7*.Ki,  not  in  tbc  enjoyment  of  tbe  tierce  of 
Taiury,  hut  of  Lll  a-yc*ar,  substituted  for  tbe  old 
and  jiU'iMant  guerdon.  Jle  held  the  laureate 
trowri  during  twenty-three  yearn.  Mrn.  Pye 
livi-d  to  ht'<-  three  MUcceMior4  of  her  h unban d — 
h<iuthey,  Word«twortb,  and  'l'enny»on.—Athe- 
ftitum. 

Oft.  2H.  At  Pinner,  Mid(lle«ex,  where  he  had 
l'>ng  riHJded,  ag*-*!  79,  Nathaniel  Graham,  e*q. 
Mr.  (irahutn  huh  the  third  mn  of  Joneph  Graham, 
eiwi.,  formerly  of  St.  Puul'it  Churchyard.  Ue 
married  twice,  flrht  the  iiecond  dau.  of  the  late 
Wm.  Nurm*,  c«<i..  of  Pinner,  by  whom  he  had  a 
ttm  anil  a  dau.,  nud  Mccondly  the  eldest  dau.  of 


&»  :a2e  Chanel  LaccMes.  ea^  a>e  d  F^Bacs. 
wTjei  .ai±T  fCd  su>:t.it»  liB.  and  Vy  -v^oaa  a* 
kfci  '.<»  ace  H«  WW  cu  zl  t*e  Cokti  a£  Am- 
Bvtaz?»  oC  li^  !>ca^:ecrt*  Coc^iazj.  aad  le^reA 
tae  c&se  "jf  Xafcer  12  lUA-T. 
a:  Hx^^  iV    acar  Krx,  ai^vd  IZ,  VTSaB 

of  Exr^jH.  f3r=«r:T  M.P.  for  FTf-r.  Oen  ef  the 
Orlraaoe.  asi  GrTterBtcr  -sf  B«r^-xc£a. 

At  Gvneej.ixtdtL  Laecs.  J.  S.  Fa«cer.  It  %  , 
•mow!  mk  of  t±«  Ker.  W.  F^mss,  sCK&oqpaK- 
kcKV.  FirvLaa,  Htrra 

At  'j«  UTper  Ecctary.  Malpaa.  Cbofeifre.  a^tii 
25,  E^ui  Esaa,  ei.de*t  da&.  of  the  S«r. 
OusftE-llor  Ts^jow. 

Area  ^5.  Maras&e.  wife  of  tbe  ILew.  H.  WHa- 
BfOS.  Bector  of  KirCer.  ScSckk. 

a:  ^u::wiek-aaIL  Northa=.p&3BaMre.  m^cd  aA, 
Fraae««  Trmhaa,  wtfe  of  Gcorpe  Oaw  ijia, 
taq. 

At  Staston  Harcoait.  Ozfordi&irc,  s«ed  &&, 
Perr.va;  WalAh,  caq. 

At  Pesire.  SnrrvT.  at  therefideaceof  berdaK^ 
Mrs.  XoTthcose,  Elizabeth,  widov  of  Csi.  B. 
Bonce.  K.3f  .L.L 

At  Cantezbory,  agsd  €9,  Joha  Nutt,  esq.,  lor 
many  years  Towb  Clerk  and  Caerk  c€  the  Peaer 
for  the  city  and  botoagfa. 

Ori.  39.  At  Beddingtoo-boase,  8«zttj,  agvd 
75,  Sir  Henry  Bridges. 

At  Clapham,  aged  77,  John  Tbomtoa,  esq., 
ddest  TOO  of  S.  Thoraum,  esq.,  forvaerlj  M.J*.  lor 
Sorrry.  by  Eliza,  only  aster  of  R.  S.  Milisra,  caq., 
of  Fryston-ha'l,  York«hire.  He  vas  bora  ia 
17S3,  and  was  for  upwards  of  thirty  years  a  Cofls- 
Bii«*aooer  io  socoessioa  of  the  Boards  of  AodiSv 
Sumps,  and  Inland  Bercaoe,  as  also  Treasurer 
of  the  Choreh  Missionary  and  of  the  BtMe  So- 
ciety, and  was  one  of  tbe  oldest  magistrates  for 
the  county  of  Surrey.  He  married  Ebaa,  daa. 
of  Edward  Parry,  esq.,  andniece  of  the  late  Lord 
Bexlcy,  by  whom  he  had  a  family  of  six  aoiu  aad 
four  dans.  His  elden  son  and  two  other  sons 
are  in  the  Indian  service,  sad  his  third  aoa  is 
Bector  of  Chilton  Candorer,  Haats. 

At  Campden-hill,  aged  25,  Joseph  Bloat,  Demy 
of  Magdalen  Coll.,  Oxford,  eldest  sob  of  Joseph 
Blunt,  esq.,  of  Anstinfriars,  London. 

At  Parsonstown,  King's  County,  aged  15,  Hea., 
fourth  son  of  the  Ber.  George  Lawleas,  MJk., 
Chaplain  to  the  Forces. 

At  Bonn-on-the-Rhine,  aged  S6,  Isabrila,  wife 
of  Lieut.-Col.  Charles  James  Oldfield,  Betired 
Lii»t,  Bengal  Army. 

At  Southsea,  Christian,  wife  of  Lieut.  Charles 
Saundery,  R.N. 

At  Avranches,  Nonnandy,  aged  91,  Mareas 
Loui^  esq..  Major  late  5th  R.V.B. 

At  Dunne,  Alexander  Wood,  esq.,  AdTocate, 
Hheriff-Subetitute  of  Berwickshire. 

Oct.  30.  At  Gloucester-pL,  Portmaa-sq.,  aged 
46,  Sir  William  Miller,  hart.,  of  Glealee.  He 
was  the  eldest  son  of  the  late  J.  Miller,  eaq., 
of  Glenlee,  by  Edwina,  dan.  of  Sir  A.  P.  Gordoa 
Cumming,  of  Altyre  and  Gordoostone,  aad  was 
bom  in  1815.  His  father  haTing  died  early,  be 
succeeded  Us  grandfather,  tbc  late  Sir  W.  Miller, 


186L] 


Obituart. 


695 


bart»,  in  Iftlfl.  The  dcoeiscd  baronet  wa»  for 
MMun  tiniff  at  Eton,  and  haTinRr  complete  hjs 
e>dQcation  at  Oenevm,  entered  the  urmy,  and  for 
•omc  yean  held  »  coramisAJon  in  the  12th  Uo>til 

ancers.      i^ir  WUUiin  ttoji  a  magidtratc    tmd 

puty-Iicot.  for  AjTsb^re  and  New  GnUoway, 
married.  In  1839,  Hcnilj,  dau,  of  the  late 
Bm.  Sir  Thoroai  M'»UbcrD»  burl.,  O.C.B.,  by 
whom  be  boa  left  icatio.  He  It  Auecccdcd  in  the 
title,  and  the  aUlm  of  Olenlec,  Kirkcadbrigfat- 
Bhiret  mid  BarskimTnin^,  AyrHhire,  by  bis  vldmt 
ron,  Thntnan  McDonald,  who  was  bom  In  184G. 
The  first  baronet  of  thin  line  waa  Lord  Pre»ident 
of  the  College  of  Jtiatit«  In  Scotland,  and  the 
ond  baronet  waa  a  aenatoir  of  the  aome,  with 

E^  courtesy  title  of  Lord  Olenlee. 
"  At  Rroombill-bankt  TDnbridge  WoUs,  ag«d65^ 
CoK  Armytagc,  late  Colditre&m  Gtuarda. 

At  Stocklon-oa-Toea,  afed  m,  Mr.  John  Fen- 
-Wick,  a  ''Tnifitlgiir  hero."  Ho  loit  an  arm 
Wbile  aerving  on  board  the  '*  AfHenn,**  74,  in 
the  Baltic,  when  the  ibip  au^tuined  a  ilfbt  with 
nine  small  vraHcls,  Mr.  Fenwiek  waa  absent 
from  hlM  native  town  for  forty  jeara ;  bnt  he 
retamed  iind  died  in  the  boaae  in  which  he  waa 
bom. 

At  Bath,  aged  03,  Anne  Pnineea,  widow  of  the 
BeT.  W.  R.  Ne*boU,  ricar of  Somerton,  Somerset. 

Oct,  31,  At  A\  oolwicb,  agwl  03,  Oliver  Evjina, 
esq.,  M.D.,  A.M.,  Inapeotor-OeiLi  of  Hoopitala 
ttid  Fleets. 

At  Tfaurloe-«q.,  Drompton,  Frtilk,  Parry  Webb, 
Fenior^Lteut.  U.K.I.C.  Xavml  8«rvio«i  and  late 
of  SbaQghftl,  China. 

At  her  residence,  BladudVbuildtnggi,  Bath, 
Diied  ftl,  Mitrtha^  relktt  of  Major-Gen.  George 
Fresooit  WingroTv,  R,M. 

Aged  <i7,  Joaeph  Brooks,  eaq.,  of  Braated-hali, 
near  SeTsnooka,  Kent, 

At  StokeHBourt,  Somerset,  Susannah,  widow  of 
Thofnoa  Braoe  Stone,  eaq. 

jVop,  1 .  At  the  hoQjsc  of  bix  brother,  in  South* 
wark,  Mr,  Alfred  Mynn,  hop-mercbant,  of  Tbum* 
bam,  long  known  aa  the  very  first  gentleman 
cricketer  of  K«iit«  He  waa  bom  at  Goiidbtinst, 
In  tm7t  was  formerly  a  metnbet  of  the  Kent 
Teoinanry.  and  at  the  time  of  hit  death  belonged 
to  the  Lct^s  Cttjitle  Kiile  Corps.  **  Mr.  Alfred 
Mynn  wofl  idx  feet  one  inch  in  height^  with 
musiriTe  limbo,  of  auoh  Taat  magnitude  and 
tniUKde,  that  in  good  cricket  condition,  without 
one  ponnd  of  anperflaifiu  flesh  about  him,  he 

Rigbed  betwfctn  eighteen,  and  nineteen  ttone, 
i  naturally  a*  upright  aa  a  welt-drtUed 
Hi4  great  abililie«  a«  a  cricketer, 
genlul  disposition,  and  happy  temperament, 
woa  for  him  the  goodwill  of  alt  cliiaaca.  He  lived 
and  played  ia  the  very  golden  era  of  criaket, 
Vb»a  the  Bfa  of  Kent  flocked  up  to  l^ord's 
Gromid  firora  all  paru  of  '  tlie  Garden  of  Eng- 
land,* to  witneo  their  county  eleven  meet,  'man 
for  man,*  the  Eleven  of  England."  Mr.  Mynn 
waa  tnterred  at  Thurnham  with  military  bo- 
Boara.  Major  Wykeham  Martin  and  tht  LMds 
Caotle  Gorpa  attending  the  funera). 

Aged  Id,  rnnn  an  aeddent  while  out  «hooting, 
(white  cm  •  rbal  lo  hia  onde.  A.  J.  Moffi*t  mil^^ 


eaq.,  Tortington-hotifie,  Anuidil,  Bnmm, )  rbarlw 
Momit,  only  son  of  the  late  KaJ^ Charles  Ernest 
Mills,  of  the  Bengal  Artillery. 

At  Harlcfton,  Korf<»lk,  aged  74,  Clementina, 
relict  of  Tbomas  Hunter,  e«M|.,  and  third  dan.  of 
Thomaa  Wilcox,  eoq.,  of  Wimble«lon,  Surrey. 

At  Highbury-park  North,  of  brain  fever,  Ceor- 
ginn,  wife  of  William  Foster,  esq.,  late  Qipt.  Uth 
HuBSira. 

At  Camborne,  Cornwall^  aged  A8(,  Becirofli 
relict  of  the  Rev,  T.  Njiplctfin,  Rector  of  Pow- 
derham,  and  of  North  Rorey,  DeTon«hirc,  Otid 
of  Mansel  Gamagif,  Hereford  sbtre. 

At  BbckweU-boIl,  Cbe«lumi,  Bucks,  aged  74, 
Mmy,  widow  of  Henry  Garrett  Key,  e»;|. 

Nor.  3.  At  Scarborough,  aged  48,  from  in- 
Jariea  ocddcntally  received  in  the  endeavour  to 
rescue  ihe  crew  of  the  Ufe-boat  when  in  danger 
of  drowning.  Lord  Cbnrle«  Beauclerk.  He  was 
the  fuurth  ion  of  William,  eighth  DukL'  of  i»t. 
Atimn^s,  by  his  second  wife,  Marin  Jrnnetta,  only 
dou.  of  John  Nelthorpe,  evq.,  and  brother  of 
Wiliijijn,  ninth  duke,  and  uncle  of  tlic  present 
duke.  He  wtis  bom  in  IS13,  and  was  Major  in 
the  Northumberland  Militia.  He  formerl;r  beld 
a  commtssion  aji  captain  in  the  Ht  Regt.  of  Fctot. 
Lord  Charles  Brnuclerk  umrried,  in  1S42,  Miaa 
Laura  Maria  Theresa  Stopford,  only  dan.  and 
helresi  of  Col.  Stopford  (of  the  noble  Iriah  fomily 
of  Courtown),  but  was  left  a  widower  In  18&8. 

At  Scarborough,  aged  24,  while  also  endcAVOiur- 
ing  to  rescue  the  orcw  of  the  llfe-bont,  Willijim, 
■on  of  the  Uitc  John  Tindoll,  esq.,  banker,  of  that 
plae«. 

In  Belgnve-rood,  agted  63,  Oatherine  Dorothy, 
widow  of  M^forCharlea  Edward  Davis,  H.E.LC, 
Bengal  Army. 

At  Leaton  Knolls,  Salop,  Charlotte  Sopliia, 
youngest  duu.  of  the  lnt«  Francis  Lloyd,  esq.,  of 
Domgay,  Montgt>mcry»birc,  and  Leaton,  Salop, 
and  M,r.  for  The  former  county. 

At  Boulogn«-aur-Mer,  aged  81,  Captain  John 
Alexander  Telfer,  Ute  H.E.l.CS. 

At  I>Qblin,  aged  62,  Smith  Stobart,  eiq.,  lat« 
of  Uexbom,  Northumberland^ 

At  his  residence,  the  Black  friars,  Gloucestera 
aged  &9,  John  Keudidl,  eaq. 

At  St.  Leonord'a,  sgcd  73,  John  Stone,  caq., 
late  of  the  Prebend nl-bouae,  Thame,  and  West- 
boume-terr.,  Hy(Ie*park,  J. P.  and  D.-L.  for  the 
eonnty  of  Buckingham. 

A  god  .t(»,  LiKxy  Stuart,  wife  of  A.  S.  Torason, 
esq.,  Highbury- place,  Coventry. 

At  bi«  re«idencc  tn  the  Tower  of  London,  aged 
S3,  Mr.  Abraham  Thompson,  yeoman  warder  of 
the  above  pUce  for  46  years. 

Aged  15,  FJli/Kibetb,  relict  of  the  Rev.  Thomaa 
Swert  Eicott,  late  Vicar  of  Gedney. 

Harriot  Slater,  wife  of  William  Henry  Blaok, 
e»q^,  F..S.A.,  of  Mill-yard,  London. 

At  Smeelh-hili'bou#e,  Kent,  aged  &4,  Edward 
Hngbeo,  esq. 

At  bis  fMJdenee,  Westboome-square,  Hyde- 
park,  aged  66^  William  Dawioo,  M.D.,  lospecUir- 
G«Q«ral  of  Hospitals,  H.M.R 

At  Offcburch,  Warwickshirr,  aged  60^  Alioi«i 
irife  of  the  Eev.  PcU-r  Blackburn, 


696 


OftlTTABT. 


rDee. 


%art.  E«r  jui7»ai'5  -wtj*  E'.t-ia'wtl.  ■•iiiipH:  tin.  rf 
sa**  -12*  a**"^-  Cr-.xiin.  X;iX3i^:ii.  -.f  Tiawiisw, 
Cit*^a:r-.  laui  "vx*  ir.n  a  irK.  Sw  iiarred^ 
•a  '.  ^  1 »   *..«  S-tT.  -rir  Owriw  •uz^fiirr.  *~juuia  if 

mcrjMnU'iti  V.  ij*  "■ir-.i3ti»r'#  tr..*  ia.  l*uid.  md  %y 

•r4L«.  »?<ui<M   uic    "vtus  flsfl  3.   tie   Cr'^rfa.  — 

a:  2>t--i-  '>r»c«  Xvrli-  -wdt  ".i  X^or  F.  BL 

aari   tar-   '^i  ■:3i*  'JiS*  Cojt-  J.  H-  S^.iaf*iacr«. 

laffL-uL  Am  J.  2«:ca-vi7. 

^k.1.  cf  t2Jt  JJ«   Dr.  •>jaicis.-ia  Gr«':r7,  of  :ae 

,Vi-r.  4-  a:  Cnriill-c-vMe.  aear  ^iusfieii.  Juia, 

UfrJ**!  aia  'i  "*rtif  ii*  Lj*  ii#  Scc&d  ex?r^«Kca 
is  til*  proT-^fc-.c*  '^  hi*  w-JH,  u  s*  <xa4eaee«i  by 

r*I  lifirxarj,  £.>'•> :  PiV3e  IrJspeamTy,  £»*) ; 
B«vy«*  ChAT-ty  ^.ivy-.L  £3»:  GcriV  ditto.  £»»> : 
Er.twc.  aal  F''-.r*uri  BAI*  Soewtj,  £3» ;  Hkazch 

£IA:  .ijrvi  F'itai>  jwesety,  £1')-);  Drfcf  xad 
Iraair^  latfti^xti-j-a,  Donea^ter.  £IO*k  Tie  fixlow- 
iiif  41=+  V>  b*  ±-Te-»t<Ti  :— F'vr  the  ao'ntgg.-raee 
of  ti*  iibrc  cf  v..  I -i*'i  TA^rth.  Xoorf^Id^. 
£yA:  d.tsft  P«t«t  CiirtSi,  P*=i.«on*,  £j«»; 
d:tt/>  Pkri*i.  Cliirth,  Irtrrian,  £!•¥> ;  f  3r  dj«  in- 
ervtx  cf  the  •aLuy  f/.  the  cjk^er  &ad  otiiftrcw 
tA  lr\rrjL'.  rtttbor,^^  tlffi :  <iitto  of  tie  mirtrew  of 
th*  ^7:rl»*  Xiti oTiil  S:h  x>L  Peti-tfic*,  £M»)-  To 
hi*  itin-»«^in.t  he  iut*  ^l.^o  left  tie  «i2i  of  £i>» : 
anil  »fv^  tie  jarsiett  of  «r.«Ewe  other  lufaeiet.  tbe 
wt'/'lft  of  toe  re*-;.«iie  of  hi*  estate  roe*  to  the  Ee- 
c#hi;i>tjcau  roain:i.**v>i-*r»,  to  be  appropriated 
ttwler  tee  proT-l-iotM  of  ^tr  Robert  Peel**  Aet, 
wzih  X  r*^mr*.,'a  of  £3«;  a-jear  to  iacreaiK  i!i« 
«*/lo'»xent  of  the  ebarch  of  St.  Jcid'»,  XoorfLeld«. 

At  e>  re*:'leT:<'.e  at  Et^w.  afe«i  -0,  Xr.  Henrr 
Kn:/ht.  «h>M^  naaut  haA  been  *o  finailiar  to  the 
aoolerc^n  an-l  rent>nseiJ  of  EVin  f  olleze  for  the 
U«*.  :-a.f-<enturT,  tr»t  in  the  hoa«ehold  of  the 
late  Ik.  K«nte.  xr.A  tab^eqaintlf  a.«  the  hoit  of 
lie  ■•Cir.«t//;>t,*:r." 

a:  '»V/r.;.*^:z^  K-«-;v>rT.  azed  21.  Alice  LoQi^a, 
li*:..  of  t.-.e  V^r.  Ja«.  R-.cher,  R*ctor  of  Loxbear. 

-V'/r.  S.  Az'tl  74,  Ni>*  Diana  Mainvahnf,  of 
>'j*.'.*».'h,  rr-»-h;r*',  *l*ter  of  the  late  Sir  H.  X- 
M  i:r.»4r-.;./.  Virt.,  wh'**e  d»t*.h  was  recorded  in 
Oi-T.  Ma'..,  April,  IVA  p.  416 

«•  ..f:0'r..j,  in  lyjudon.  a?«i  W,  Lient.-CoL 
J*rf.»^-  W'lrd.  lAt*  of  H.M/«  SI  »t  P^e^rt. 

a:  h"l.'or'i.  izM  -jj.  Char'-o't*".  relict  of  the 
Kfi.r.  J',:n  H'^fi.-t/M,  forncerly  Rector  of  M. 
Piul**  (  tturch  in  ii^at  toim. 

A I  Iy-»ri.in;rton.  Atf^-d  57,  Thrr^.  John  Wybanlt 
h »«-«/- r.fiifn,  e*q.,  of  .S»f  tt^ttiaT.-hall,  Chohire. 
He   •«-  the  only  */^n  of   the  Ute    Xillington 


\f  Hsmnt,  iwx,  -if  TtcL.  "Wy 

iKui.  m.  t   Wjttwt    mil  ' 

^^w  ^turtant  ir  E:s;iix.    ! 

flKitSMi  a  n«Mi    liiL  i 

a  SdiTifcnsB  lail  D^'Tixrr-LTKns.  5nr  =ia£  eamry. 

He  TLirr-jfL  jx  IISl    tTm»  Xara^.  <£bi-  4f  tte 

laseCoL  Lak*  AZbb.  •U' St.  ^ 

He  :»  fTuxeeiieri  a  33  a 

a  no.  >z(  3z»  aHOer  ian.T«  wrm  m.i.  .Jed 

— Z«f*i.^r«t  £ev«rar. 

At  Alccrv  aped  2.  Ffriii  ■  ^olastecy  Esftew 
BUL.  Trasy  HaZ.  Casiiirai««. 

AS  Heie-ciZ-ib:iue.  aear  Ta-ansca.  aiR<<  *1 
Jkr::iTr  Tuaavu  CiCisc  csq^  jjae  a£  Saiire^adK. 
£n3i±i>.  TunBaaoL 

Xar'iik  vJs  4f  the  Eev.  H«ary  ^  ^M^^-r  Tf -P-. 
cf  '?c.  J  :aa.'«-«iZIaik  AieiaaiKHrMai.  Sa.wsbwk- 
kiZ.  lad  jaae  cf  '<>at«exiq^  Bnc^iaHt. 

JLrai  ri.  Robert  F.iifnr%.  of  U^^  BdOncB. 
borjiEjeLer.  a^So-  a  nE»iaiee  »^  Sarty-d-vv  ; 
He  vw  tibe  yxx3«e^  «•&  of 
BalAxJL^  nrxeijit.  of  Sorvasft,  Sa 

.Tie.  4.  A;  i5»  hciBse,  Xoat-^e-Orasi.  fliiii 
tree.  Exeter,  aced  7  i.  Geivz*  Csorv.  «*•{- 

At  3^  rfitfiMf.  Bxzegfard  iiuxw^  ^nr  itrr^. 
I rii'cCTfcATie.  aced  (7.  Edwrl  >&:a-«r  l^fi^iMk. 
e«q.  T!M^  rfereiiiwrt  wa*  jocd  «f  e^»  a^i^ar  «< 
Boctr<£3ri.  aod  ^w  ^iaeal  ku»  nynjaiixacbnr  of 
a  fi.xily  t'ajt  Ivu  hcem  mdieti  zb.  titae  >u«ihce» 
part»  of  th«  eosnty  of  L£9ci3£a  tar  vppwad*  ^ 
foor  erstrsnesw  He  was  the  only  i 
Pc!ietaek,of  Xocthorpc>4ta:i  aad  I 
who  daed  Jtxmt  1.  KU^  aad  wte  a»  1 
arrfeolxsrvts  aa  th«  iattixiaeet.  i 
fhfre.  of  the  prxcsa  railed  warpcxx.  ^  < 
the  wa«te  laad  oq  cxiher  «cde  «f  the  rirei  Trcmt 
haT«  be<»&  reclaiiBed  aad  rendered  T^alnahk.  Be 
■cxrred.  A-scvt  I,  14>3i>.  Catberise,  «««oad  Aaa. 
of  SCiebael  Wooiieoe^  of  Hcaftsworth.  T«c&«Ur» 
who  died  Ort.  I.  3S12. 

At  her  rciKdecee,  Crikett  XiTTwilia.  "ii— iwr. 
a«cd  79.  Elixibech.  rvikc  of  Stepten  Pfn.  ev^.. 
asd  dan.  of  the  late  Xobest  Coiaer,  oq.^  •! 
Chard.  Somerset. 

At  Ardwkk.  Elizibeth.  wife  of  tifcr  Krr.  X.  W. 
Gibeoo.  X.A^  Reetor  of  :««.  TboMasr's^  Ardwick, 
and  CaooB  of  3lanehe»ter. 

In  Doctort'  Commoos  Lovin,  third  daa.  «f 
th-f  late  Rer.  Dand  Scorkck.  of  Blaaeorw.  Car* 
martheiuhire,  aad  Lorehill-ho  «  LaajtWy,  Badcsv 
and  miay  years  ntafirtrate  of  t^e  eoosty,  aad 
KMer  of  J<^in  TreTor  scnrlocfc,  enq.,  of  Doctor^ 
ComfLOBs. 

In  I>or»et-«t.,  DorseC-«q.,  aged  -id,  Wini— 
Sterens  Riehardflon,  eM|.  He  waa  tbe  Tonngf  it 
aad  U»t  farririnf  of  the  three  naa  of  tiv  lata 
Sir  John  RiehardMB,  a  Jndfe  of  the  ConnMS 
Plea»  from  IMS  to  UU  who  died  m  IMl  ,  by 
Harriet,  sister  of  the  late  Sir  Charles  Hadaon 
Paimcr.  hart.,  of  Wanlip-haU,  Leicefterahvv. 
He  wa;*  bom  in  19 1 5,  and  was  editcatcd  at  Haxrow. 
and  at  Tnnity  CoUefe,  Caabndge,  wkcc*  ht 
gradoated  in  hoooors  sad 
called  to  the  bar,  tboagk  b 
He  liTed  aad  died  aamanied.    Hi»oa|jiiitar  te 


1861.] 


Obituahy. 


697 


the  wife  «f  the  Tllght  Rev.  Dr.  Owrgrc  A,  Sclwyn, 
nimhop  of  New  XeaUud. — Lon/ion  j?*ri>w». 

Aiir.  7.  At  CUflont  Mi»»  Siiiythi?^  cUlcwt  Asa. 
of  the  late  Sir  Edward  Joncpb  Hniythe,  of  Actun 
Bumdl-park,  Shropuhirc,  and  »hter  of  the  prc- 
»ent  haronM. 

At  Siitij«-hou«e,  Uocbestdr,  Elifa  FarquhnrRon, 
cldosi  dna.  of  iht  Ute  LewU  Farquhorvon  Lnncft, 
Ciq.,  of  IlaUogiCf  AberdL>c]utbtr». 

At  IWlk*«ton-hall,  LdccBtenbirt,  ag«d  67, 
Henry  Grceno»  <?*q. 

AW.  8,  A^-d  78,  Sir  Thotnai  Butler,  bart**  of 
Ballin  Tcmpio,  and  Garrj-btindon,  co.  Corlow. 
8lr  ThotnaVp  who  wha  a  niugiiiitratci  and  cleputj- 
lieiitenMUt  for  countjr  Car  low.  and  ecutie  tlmo 
Coltmd  of  tbu  Carlow  Reift,  of  Mililia,  wo»  the 
eldest  «cni  of  the  Lute  Sir  lUehArd  BuTlen  burl., 
by  Samb  Maria,  daa.  of  ThoiMfl  North  Ncwen- 
ham*  esq*,  of  CuoltQor«,  and  wa*  born  in  178S* 
Sir  Thotuua  rt'prtrfientcd  a  cadet  brvinch  of  tb« 
uoble  house  of  Butler,  MarquiJ^  of  Ortwandc. 

At  Bayswiiter,  affcd  &5,  David  Hiritt  Cooper, 
Ciq.,  formerly  a  Cupt.  in  the  lt>t  (or  Royal)  Rcgt. 

At  CUAoa,  aged  77,  CoL  Peter  Farquhareon, 
formerly  of  tht  78th  and  65tb  Itegimentji,  nnd 
for  ]0  yean  Depnty-Adjutuut-Genentl,  Jo^aioica. 

Jsop.  U.  At  TonbridKc  WHlm,  iLgvd  A5,  Oen.  Bir 
Howard  Duugla«,  btirt.i  G.C.B,     Sec  OBirrART. 

At  tbc  residence  of  hin  sister,  Frencbay, 
rjloucctitcrBbire,  uf^i-d  70,  Sir  J.  Citmt  Hawkins, 
bart,  Sir  Joiin  watt  borti  Feb.  0,  1783,  and  waa 
Ihe  second  aon  of  Mr.  John  lltiwkins,  by  Anne, 
ddc«t  dull,  of  Mr.  Jofieph  Colbome.  of  Harden* 
haLih«hi>une>  WEItiihire,  and  irrandMHi  of  8ir 
I^DiNLr  Hawklnn,  the  first  baronet,  8ergeant« 
Burgeon  to  the  Kiag,  He  woa  educated  at  Etoo 
luid  Oxford,  and  succeeded  hia  brother  aa  third 
bHroiii't  July  5,  179S,  He  married,  Aagost  11, 
1004,  Charlotte,  chliiit  datt.  of  Mr.  Wm.  Sottoca, 
of  ttcdley,  NorthuniberlAnd,  by  whocn  he  had 
liifluc  nine  aonn  and  four  datig^htera.  He  it  eoe- 
eccdt^i  10  UU  title  and  e«tAU  by  bfa  frandaoD, 
John  Ctiwar  [Mm  of  bia  eldeat  ion  by  Lfioiie, 
dan*  of  Mr.  Thotnaa  Baarke  Hicketta,  of  Come* 
iMnue,  Hcrofovd),  who  w*ia  bom  Jan.  27,  18J7. 

At  Cam*,  Southaca,  Hant»,  Capt,  Tbot.  Martld 
Moltlc),  R.A. 

At  Bedhanipton,  Haata,  aged  44,  Carolina 
Anne,  wife  ol  Capt.  Hayea,  R.X. 

At  l^nbnrgrh,  Mn.  Iran  Keir,  relict  of  Bogcr 
Aytoun,  cnq.,  Director  of  Chancery,  ScotUund. 

iV«v.  I(K  In  the  Cathedral-cloHc,  Exeter,  aged 
8Ji,  1i!abc-llA,  widow  of  Edward  Uoyd  Bandcn, 
cwil,  of  Stokc-boaae,  Exeter. 

At  tlii^iiuuni-eourt,  Glouceater,  afod  10,  Laoy 
Anna,  diiu,  of  T.  Oaoibier  Parry,  e»q. 

Aged  56,  M.  biidore  Geoffroy  St^  Hihilrt,  the 
of  ihi  oelebmted  Etienne  Geoffroy  St.  Hl- 
who  died  In  lft44.  U«  wnt  cOMted,  when 
'  twoBty-oifc*  ye«n  of  «g«,  a  member  of  the 
AMdmy,  of  which  hij  father  woa  then  the  pre- 
alilent.  TTe  wfta  anbecquently  apjKtitited  i*rofe*- 
V  at  the  MuBvtun,  Dt rector  of  the 
IHt  uncillor  and  General  In»ipf  etor  of 

Fu  nn  ' —    iiid  Honomrr  "*'  ^" '-  "     '  !lie 

liujKii  !  Medicine.  i  «>f 

hUdniO  <   ufliceuf Adir:  ITO 


ivusar  to  the  3f  a«eaiii  of  Natural  History.  To  M. 
St.  nilaire  was  due  the  found$*tion  of  the  Im- 
pcTinl  ^^dolnprieal  Society  of  AeeliTuati^Uon,  of 
which  the  presidency  was  awarded  to  him  in 
Ihii — a  poet  which  he  retailed  ap  to  the  time  of 
his  deavh.  Of  late  the  oame  of  laidore  GeolTroy 
SU  Hilairo  wan  perhaps  most  commonly  talked  of 
In  thi»  country  in  conneciion  with  hb  per  Revering 
and  somewhat  whimaieol  ;itletiipt£»  to  indoce  mait- 
kind  to  enlarge  their  stock  of  animal  food  by  io- 
trodneing  hone-ileah  aa  s  new  viand.  M .  St. 
HiUire  aevcral  times  presided  over  public  ban- 
quets got  up  for  the  purpose  of  proving  and 
lIliiBtratingtthe  aavoury  qualities  of  horse^fleeh  — 
that  peealJar  lUioty  forming  the  principal,  if  not 
indeed  tb«  only,  meat  offered  to  thv  gueata. 

At  Dover,  aged  70^  Thomo*  Fojnter,  esq.,  of 
Westboume-terr*,  Hyde^pork. 

JS'op,  II,  Aged  74,  Major  RiChard  Staunioa 
Sitwell,  third  son  of  the  late  E.  S.  Sitwell,  esq., 
of  Stain Aby*bouflc,  Derbyshire,  and  formerly  of 
the  3rd  (Kind's  Own)  Light  Dragooni. 

la  Invemt«ft-tcrr<,  Khxabelh  Caroliaoi  aeoond 
dau,  of  Col.  J.  W.  J.  Ouseley. 

At  Plymouth,  aged  £9,  John  Newton,  fourth, 
son  of  the  late  Rev.  Jamea  Coffin,  Vicar  of  lin- 
kinhorne,  Cornwall. 

At  Tomgraney  Rectory,  coi.  Clare,  Ireland, 
aged  30,  Minnie,  wife  of  the  Rer.  Andrew 
Belcher. 

At  the  Halt,  Bcfkhompstcad,  aged  59,  Ann 
Sophia,  wife  of  Thomas  Curti*,  esq. 

At  Clsremont,  near  Exeter,  aged  88^  James 
Bate,  esq. 

iVoe.  la.  At  Lisbon,  aged  S4,  the  King  of 
Portugal.    SeeO©nrAiiv, 

At  Ripley,  8«mcy,  aged  4«,  Elifcubpth  Edmond- 
»on,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Cliarles  Richmond  Tate, 
Vicar- 

At  Mount-lodge,  FortobcUo,  Lietit.-CoL  It** 
Johnston,  bte  of  the  d9th  Regt.  Hd  entered  the 
army  as  an  ensign  of  the  40th  Higt.  in  lt$U6,  and 
oceompanted  his  regiment  to  South  America  iiii 
1806.  He  woa  lieTercly  Wfiunded  at  the  asMiult 
on  Monte  Video  on  3rd  February,  1S07.  Subse- 
quently he  proceeded  to  the  Peninsula  in  1808, 
and  served  during  the  whole  of  that  w«r,  with 
the  exception  of  three  months  when  laid  op  by 
sioknesB.  Ho  had  obtained  the  war  medal  with 
nine  clasps. 

At  I'ark-terr.,  Regcnt's-park,  aged  73,  John 
Parke,  eftq.,  brother  of  the  late  Sir  William 
Parke.  Knt. 

At  Samcrford  Grange,  near  Cbristohurch, 
Hotita,  aged  BK  Tboa.  Curentry  Bmnder,  esq., 
hite  Capt.  in  the  King's  Dragoon  Guards. 

aVar.  la.  At  WUitchurth,  Oxon,  (til  the  real, 
dencc  of  his  eon,)  aged  79,  Sir  J.  Forbc»,  M.D., 
F.R  8.,  D.C.L,,  Ac,  Physician  to  Her  Majcatj'a 
H4>ii«ehold.    See  OatTt-Aav. 

At  Fleet,  Lincolnshire,  aged  70,  Jacob  Sturtoo, 
esq.,  bite  of  the  Army  Fay-<jfficc,  Ixmdon. 

At  Florence,  aged  41,  Arthur  Hugh  Clou^h, 
e«q,,  one  of  tho  Examiners  in  the  Educationul 
Department  of  the  Privy  Cooniil. 

At  Lancing,  Su*«rx,  flared  fi.^,  Thoma*  Slingshj 
Dunoombc,  e*q.,  M.P.    See  OiiiTtAitv. 


608 


Qbsmzaxt. 


[Dec. 


CiL  Irmc  t.lan    iT  -lie  bm  3«>^.  3.JC'i  "niiiaa 


'sriin^  if  *iiK  2*^**  lidurri  Hnimrtra  iinpiuetc. 
of  ▼-  oiMlcu^iJuL  EUeesor  iT  ITaitrnr  jl  tbB  «uns 
aniinrr. 

ir  ?r«!ff^omt  mddeni*'.  iged  ii.  I.  HtMt^erts 
Htwlaeftn  F  ue?.  -em..  X.?.  fur  'iia  ioacvn 
LiviHiiji  if  ▼uTWAbrTUuni.  mil  matpwcrua  :hr 
ihi»  •nimr*.  Vm  lf>»euMeft  •mtm  The  «»aml  «ue 
if  -Si**  jin»  Stm.  £.  F  lier  *>ntiM5r  :n  ■iw  weaod 
Lor  I  ?  ui>7  .     Hie  -via  i  Labftni  n  jntixie*.  mil 

jear*.  ^re^jmm  »  •vruen  je  «c  iir  Dr  iinrjdu 
xuiw^  r^nrgjiencert  hy  ^Hr  Toiui  ?-u<:xufaiii. 

Jli  LjOiiRn-iulL  aear  Luieatfur.  ufRl  47.  W^u 
:9Lir>  'Ml.,  1  aiaipicnce  5ir  Ljuuauttairs  lod 
W-*At3inrdazifL 

Ti*'  It  XZ  Cian|Hi--iC.,  i^sd  -TL  Lad^  Kara, 
vtJk  if  Coi.  H.  2L  iiiuzuierwii.  ad  loo.  if  :±u 
lav  Zarl  if  Coriiampcui. 

a:  LTnithnnt.  FTino.  ufml  'i.  Liini£.-4~4nt. 
Sir  ruuA't  Hoiznea  ^enomider  Il.C.3..  CaL  if  las 
Joiai  F  mt 

A:  OTLS«sh«*Ad,  u?wf£  ^r,  jr.ininut  Gnau.  vki. 
Elf  vm  a.  liUi-";  if  uut  «.  nmicar  in.  C-At3»head« 
in  tluf  7«*r?  linnM!  in  vliich.  ii;  tied,  ul  lua  liAs. 
Be  l.l**ft  iH.  :iu«  yimghial  iiBcim,  md  is  hi* 
dntlL  ▼lit  t!ii>  4«uiir  3iraih«r  loc  ux«.  if  ti» 
Fiar-uid-'TTr'nity :  vm  ^te-viri  if  :ixe B«-xiatfl- 
hnui^r^  'viten  the  XTnu*ipal  Corioncuuu  Ace 
wiH  vkitu^  .  iml,  IV  u'taijf  w  uia»f  --.tBivr  ;f  rjje 
aoiiufat  V^y.  Lu:incn«d  lii*-  pr-sea-  T  I'sru  C.mocl 
upon  :nft  -^is^n  if  inniiwgal  If*.  ETe  wi»  xa 
mila*tr>,»w,  inrirtasr  aiaa  -if  bfL^tseM*,— an  ?i- 
ampi*.  ;n  -ij*  r^ispiwr,  -.f  :r.e  auMt  r-uxijic  Aindy 
to  LI  •ar,  ■rlca*»%*#Hi  ai*  i-m^s  ia  *f '»ry-*iay  liiit. 
H«  "VM  -tta!  «u';:al  'ly  :i«  -.rrLnarj  ini!u=ca 
flr;r  K.vaiei^al  iiitnactii'.a  ;  hn:.  bi  laj  <:har.:aaue 
worx.  !u>  vu  r»a«ly  '^  -yiutrlliriii  act  inly  iia 
caivtL,  !»*.  :;iH  laii*,  — u  -v-.tneMi  th^  4oap-iL:tcxuiLr 
of  w'ar.««  -.^wioiw.  for  aiaay  j-^ar»,  se  »■*«»  iie 

V»->.4  iiv^ftn*.  for  i  <;a.f  <•  -Uy.  He  ww  i  .TcLa- 
t«Til  -li^^^'.iriAnt  if  l3,i»  Tr'-LJ->p»,  she  liau.j  .if 
the  '^►:*-.r%r-*fi  »r';a.:t«f,  v.e  3'-*iji**r  of  :he  -Jd 

b^aViii :  ir.'l,  M  vir.'a,  inh^ntitfi.  La  o  maoa 
wit.1  'jie  Ix-.o^i-.rj*,  iji  tie  biTTicjf-f.uce  of  tia 
(I»ai;;7.  *.;-.**  .TaaTjoi/r^ai  in  *c  K.U7'*  sharchyard, 
whica  -^  pf**-!?  ■••ii  *nowxi  in  Lx*l  hiatory.  aiul 
▼h.f.r*  TTiH  r^tr,r»**l  ».  fev  y*an  «^  by  his  w.n, 
iohr.  f/r*-^Tjf,  **r..,  of  kodjil^y-'cjcoM  ;  bat  mter- 
m^t'^  **.  -t-  MirjN  iATir.jf  ceaMtd  ia  Ittl,  hia 
r^tn.i..-.*  ■»»r*  .r.vrr^  ia  St.  C-*lhbert'-4  eemeterr, 
the  avij^T  And  u,-ra  council  aecricnpanyta^  them 
fr,  T.^  yr*?*^.  Tae  Jlrm  of  ioLa  Greene  4nd  9«-.rCU, 
of  w.»Y..-*  *.:.e  ';iH<>«,*<*i  wa.4  -i>f,  w  one  of  the 
olde**.  .ft  the  .v^hVi'^rtcod,  it  i^Tiiif  been  e!»u- 

At  ^  ..^►.t/T.iviir.,  aflrM  SI,  Waa.  JoLnjon,  eaq.. 

At  K>r.4;.'./*on,  H//«.i  Kdv.zu,  T;fe  of  RkhArd 
J.  k/zti^rt^,  »'*^i,,  of  WoT'.'-^t^r,  third  daa.  ofCipt. 
J.  I..  Wr^t^,  of  IX.ur.mer*m:th,  and  fraaddao. 
U  the  Ute  M'j.-f^a.  White,  of  the  Indiaa  Amy. 

14 


AS  Dnm  Caadcs.  Aiigrliaiiriiiii  .  vfe±  ^ 
JLezaauier  S-mn  j-mr.  on. 

AT  BrudtuB.  uTBfX  "fi.  LumaR.  tlatius^Bis  Pj— »«»■'. 
dnxx.  if  -:he  jui>  'iir  ;ium  Ijunier.  oc 

JT'fft.  u.  j^  SxeCBE.  Quius  Ht^r^MST.  igeiiad 
am  if  "se  jue  3onacx»  ^''Srroi.  -iaM..  it  F-uiurs. 
dD.  'Hars.  rbsiaauL.  uii  it  jiiimunxiL.  rj<»^Trm, 

Ar  Tips'  :i*T2mmr-<«^  ?or3naa-««),.  J^ed  71, 
AuflTunn  ^Ayi-r.  «».,  X.D..  F«i1dw  aiTtlus  JBAiyai 
CailmfB  ii!  PlXTKcuuia. 

AT  If»-jc  YinwHirti.  dtred  Ifl.  Loqxhl  Sar^ 
wilk  u  .':un^  Sinpam  Hursmn,  «sh^..  jf  "Nag 
ii  <ax:li  'ian.  if  rhm~ai  Duoum,  -ai^.  of 


-3t, 


JT/r.  Id.    AT  Idnmiza  -'udge.  Gapfauni- 
Gtfo.  W'.lliani  'HomBit;  eM|..  ji  ihia  "cancL. 

a:  ?iinnir«p-}TeL  Eoimaiiiw.  x^ed  •{!.  Eliaar- 
Itoch.  r»tict  if  Joim  Bufv  rieibsr,  eaq^  jaXB  if 
SiaftMbnry 

3''jr.  ir.  ^  'jtuaB»tEr-pL.  PirTniaD~«{^  ji^^ 
C.  John  SLiber:  Gimley.  4mi..  Adaiatanr  Cndtfr- 
deu.g!ar7  if  Staai  iir  Wjr.  lod.  eiiieac  «m  i/ 
John  •viMlffy.  499..  -if  Smi^ar.  «so.  Lcsoeob. 

a:  Wrtuanu  F^art.  j«Bd  74.  Taaatim  Tamkuu 
call..  ILD. 

Az  V  .r^my.  Aonia  ESxuMSiu  vtfb  'iT  Joim 
Wind.  esq..  >]f  ruddei  Gcange.  SuBpcJiire.  xad. 
cfdeac  -ion.  <if  the  Jize  Juim  Hudy.  mq.,  M.F. 

AT  hia  reodeaee.  th«  Maant.  York.  «fcd  73, 
Tua.  !l4>iann  Chdmpney,  <9q. 

A:  innn^-ia.vn.  GrTv«<-ct:ad,  Sootiuca.  Elzxa- 
beth.  wuiuw  'if  Hear-AdnL  Juhn  Hsunjck.  C.B. 
a:  Keranu  Carrey,  KTLm.  ^rsfe  of  Frsnk  scuts 
Eji^diin,  edQ. 

J>i«r.  lA.  AS  the  Prary,  ^teodiaea,  affcd  tf. 
Com.  AlA^  Tiong:  RJT. 

3' 19.  U.  A:  <>rdaaaee>cecr..  f^^***-—  Si^eit 
n,  Cagic  Joan  ILLua,  £.3F. 

As  dlie  Lower  Court;  Cochertdgc  near  Wureca- 
fier.  Mg^  4iL  Geor^  Ww*kTwaw,  eM|. 

.V»e.  ai.  Mr*.  Himre,  wxfc  of  rhm  !«▼.  H. 
BijUf  •^.  Vlear  of  Fmndeid,  soaMx. 

At  GueaaiH^fC  EocaiL-fii..  aiped  7f ,  Harriuc:, 
wii»  of  Lea:.  J>n.  Freech.  fLH. 

A:  Xc  vta&ji  Vxorue,  Tackahixc,  Xxry  Ftaaecs 
Anne,  wt&  of  tile  £«▼.  Georfe  B.  BIytk,  B.D., 
Tiear.  isd  eldest  doo.  of  the  Lir^  Li«nL.-CoL  5. 
T.  Popn-im.  11th  Bcyc^  and  QnrtecoBaa&er-GcB. 
in  ihe  ^tAt  India. 

Xa  H^nrer-sc,  Cozoiiae.  vnkiv  cf  tlk«  Iter. 
John  He«>tt,  Eeetor  cf  HlLp&t,  Xor^olk.  aad 
■lany  jean  Bkcmxa^  prtaahcr  of  tke  Foaafinf 
Hoi^pitJl. 

At  !^cirf'}rd-hoGae.  near  Warimaater.  i^vd  ««» 
Hirrirt  Eleanor,  «ii!e  of  Kobert  KobertaoB,  esq. 
At    Hily   K'afwi,    Xorthamberlaad,   TlbcaLka 
Wilkinjmn,  esq. 

A^fT.  n.  At  Tortiaso-tcRaee,  CeBtia&-fio«a, 
EZiA  Mary,  wife  of  Jolia  WUIcy  Wric^V  eaq^ 
aad  eldeat  du.  of  the  Lste  CoL  Xoorv,  of  Han- 
land-te-  r.,  Camden-towa,  and  gnadrtag.  of  Xa^- 
Gen.  Hardwicke. 

Loey  Eliubeth,  wife  of  Robert  LcmoB,  «9q.,  of 
H.3i.'*  :yUte  Paper-oOce. 

At  WorceatcT  CoUefC,  Oxford,  aged  ISt,  Wm. 
We!ch,  yuasfcat  aoa  of  Joaapk  Banwa^  oq., 
of  HaadawortL-haQ*  ScaftriahiR. 


186L] 


699 


TABLE  OF  MORTALITY  AKD  BIETHS  IN  THE  DISTRICTS  OF  LONDON. 
{IVom  the  MetwTM  uimed  2^  ik*  Re^uifftr-Oanefai,} 

DEATHS  REGISTERED. 


1 

Deaths  in  Districts,  i^c*.  in  the  Week 

BXTFBBOrTESDENT         1      ^^^ 

Popnla-    1 

ending  Saturday, 

m 

tion 

KBOTSTRAfiB* 

Statute 
Acres 

in 
1861. 

-  -^ 

DISTEICTS, 

Oct, 
26, 

Nov. 
2. 

Nov.     Nov. 
9.     1    16, 

186L 

1861. 

1  186L    186L 

Mean  Temperature 

641 

4l'& 

420       39-7 

London  •    .     •    .     . 

78029 

2808921 

1087 

1078 

1251      1288 

1-6.  Went  Districti    . 

10786 

463373 

173 

159 

199       222 

7-11.  NortU  DintncU  - 

13533 

618201 

198 

257 

2  U       246 

12-19.  Ceutr«l  DUtricU 

1938 

378058 

170 

137 

161  ,     189 

20-25.  East  DbtrioU     . 

6230 

671129 

242 

221 

288       277 

26.a6.  South  Diatricta  . 

4fi&42 

773160 

804 

304 

359       355 

Deuths  Regii*t«red, 

Birtbj  Registered. 

Week  tmdlfig 

i! 

i1 

?! 

ii; 

% 

1 

1 

1 

StttnrdAy, 

S| 

S| 

s| 

& 

1 

Oct-      26    . 

6^1 

lu 

142 

158 

28 

1087 

9i5 

677 

1832 

Nov.       Z    . 

623 

149 

135 

136 

29 

1078 

947 

889 

1836 

9    . 

631 

183 

209 

187 

30 

1251 

840 

870 

1710 

„        16    , 

672 

188 

189 

170 

65 

1288 

876 

898 

1774 

PRICE  OF  CORN. 

ATerag«  >    Wheat.    | 

BatIot.          Oata,            Rye. 
«.    if.          #.    d,          #.    d. 

Beans. 

Peu. 

of  Six     }    f,    d. 

#.   d. 

t.    d. 

Weeka.   j    58    2 

87    1          22    2          36    9 

42    2 

44    6 

^N^v.Te^"^}  S'^  1«5     1     37     6     1     22    7      1     37     7     I    42    CJ      |     47    5 

PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW  AT  SMITHFIELD,  Nov.  21. 

Hay,  2^.  0*.  to  U,  0».  —  Strmw,  1/.  8*.  to  If.  17*.  —  Clover,  31.  10#.  to  6^,  0», 

NEW  METROPOLITAN  CATTLE-MARKET. 

To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  Slbs. 

Head  of  Cattle  at  Market,  Nov.  21. 

Beasts l,R30 

Sheep 4^020 

Colvea... , 190 

Pigs 290 

COAL-MARKET,  Nov.  22. 
Best  WaUsend.  per  ton,  19t.  Od.  to  19#.  Gd.    Other  sorts,  13#.  M.  to  18f.  Od* 


B«f.. 

4f. 

4f. 

.....,...4«. 

6rf.  to5#. 
8rf.  to  6*. 
6rf.  tofU. 
8rf.  to5r. 
Oc2.  toOr. 

2rf. 
8rf. 
4<f 

*Sr.;,.::. 

4<r 

4ff 

Lamb .,,., 

0». 

Od, 

700 


METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  bt  H.  GOLXD,  Ute  W.  CABY,  191.  STKAn>. 

From  October  24  to  Xotember  23,  imcimnve. 


Borom. ' 

Thermometer.  Banxc 

c^* 

t? 

^ 

:t^ 

• 

s: 

C2 

-Si 

2 

-r5 

Weather. 

t. 

iz 

1 

55 

WeailMr. 

Oct. 

c 

o 

o 

■in* 

pts. 

Nov. 

o 

c 

o 

in. 

pts. 

24 

55 

62 

'55 

29. 

99  clondT,  fair 

:    9 

38i 

^ 

38 

29. 

44  foggy      -cLfr. 

25 

56 

63 

58 

30. 

5  i\o. 

10 

47  » 

4^1 

40 

29. 

11  hjj».hLtli.Ur. 

26 

54 

58 

'  48 

30. 

9  fair 

11 

41 

48 

40 

29. 

55  fair 

27 

48 

58 

50 

30. 

5do. 

12 

43 

48 

41 

29. 

^  '•  ?Ey«  »«■ 

28 

48 

54 

46  ^. 

5  cloadj,  fair 

13 

40 

42 

40 

29. 

3S  do.coo.bT.ra. 

29 

47 

53 

45 

29. 

93  do.  do.  cldj. 

14 

38  . 

46 

40 

29. 

19  fair 

30 

46 

bi 

50 

29. 

87  do.  do. 

15 

38  -■ 

4^1 

37 

29. 

39  <io. 

31 

47 

48 

40 

29. 

74  do.  hrj.  rain 

16 

30 

39 

34 

29. 

49  do.  sleet 

K.l 

43 

45 

38 

29. 

29  do.  fair 

17 

30 

35 

31 

29. 

89  do.  do. 

2 

38 

46 

36 

29. 

21  hTj.in.fr.  clj. 

.  18 

29 

37 

30 

30. 

27  foggy 

3 

40 

48 

47 

29. 

76  fair,  cldj.  fair 

19 

28  ■ 

39 

36 

30. 

28  fair 

4 

40 

49 

42 

29. 

87  rain 

20' 

40 

46 

38 

30. 

10  do. 

5 

52 

50 

41 

29. 

48  heavy  rain 

21 

48 

53 

51 

29. 

61  run,  cUt.  ib. 

6 

47 

49 

39 

'29. 

40  do. 

22 

46 

48 

42 

29. 

48  hrj.  coast,  ra. 

7 

44 

44 

38 

29. 

38  cloudv,  fair 

23 

40 

45 

39 

29. 

3S  &xr 

8 

38 

45 

38 

.29 

26,  fo^gy,  fair 

1 

' 

1 

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226 
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224 
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INDEX 


TO  ESSAYS,  DISSERTATIONS,  UISTORICAL  PASSAGES, 
AND  BOOKS  REVIEWED. 


•<i*  The  Principal  MemtHrt  in  the  ObititaBT  are  dittiitei^  entered  in  thi^  Index, 


Ahinfffff  Lord,  raGmoir  of,  206 
A/yitd,  eqaatoriid  trilns  of,  156 
African  Trihe*^  Social  and  Dymestic  Cha- 
racter of,  167 
Alh§marU,  Oeorge  Monk,  Zhtke  of,  sutiflT- 

Aldminkle,  birth-pljice  of  Jolm  Drjden, 
167.  367 

Cburcb  of  An  Saintft,  168 

— — St.  Peter,  168 

Alfred,  coin  of.  173 

Alter,  Saxon  hamlet  of.  406 

Allhallow*  Barking,  pidimpsieBt  brass,  l&O 

AUinfftoH  Castle,  rtimaios  of,  286 

Alnwick  Caeile,  n^Btoration  of.  22 

-  architecture  of,  520 


Church,  embtittled  paniiiots  at,  621 

Fair,  619 

Ahechurch  Church,  rebuilt,  S40 
America,  before  Culttmbu*,  198,  658 
Amer^ham,  teiiii>orivry  intiseinn  at,  628 
Tbo  Piirliiimentary  History  of, 

630 
Antflo'$€^con  cemetery,  near  Barrlngton. 

Cambridgeshire,  discovered,  GO 

—  Charter,  123 

Anme,  Queen,  ooin  of,  295 

AnHqnariee,   Socieijf  of,  proceedings  of, 

88,142 
Northern,  report 

of,  171 
Ar^km^ogi^  Aetociation,    prooeedings 

of«55,102 

—  ai  Exeter,  874 

^ ^ ezcarsion  of,  508 

— Inttiluie^  annual  meeting  of,  2 

— - — —  prooeedLoga  of,  53, 


151 


Meetinge,  Reporti  of,  54*i 

Researchet  in  France,  488 

Archaolofftf  in  Ireland,  357,  525 

■ cnconragtfd  by  the  King  of 

Dcnmiirk.  417 

r«f])arkt  on,  by  the  Bishop 


of  Oxford,  629 
Gbtt.  Mao,  Vol.  CCXI. 


Archer,  Memoriak  of  Fkmilies  of  the  Snr^ 

name  of.  191 
ArchiUcte,  Institute  of  British,  meeting 

of.  153 
Architectural  Exampletof Round  ChwrcheSf 

53 
Armour,  Oriental,  richly  inlaid  with  gold, 

exhibited,  153 
Arthur,  Priftcf,  portrait  of,  150 
Arthur*s  Stone,  tradition  of,  309 
Ashendon  Church,  monument  in,  630 
Aekew,  Anne,  the  mcking  of,  356 
Atttey,  Sir  Jacob,  and  Mr,  Innes,  corre- 
spondence of,  285 
Athelney,  On,  by  the  Rev.  T.  Hugo,  401 
Attila,  Camp  of.  purpofcd  cxcavaiious,  488 
Atigtbur^  Clock,  ITie,  153 
A^leshnry  Church,  uionaiuent  in.  630 
A^feeford,  The  Friars  at,  antitiuitiea  at, 

290 
Bacchtts,  st^ituG  of,  153 
Bacon  J    Lord,    confession    of,    Mr,    II  cp* 

worth  Dixon  on,  113 
BaQhietan,  Sculpturea  on    the   Kock   of, 

187 
Baker,  Mist,  memoir  of,  206 
Baltic  campaign  and  Sir  C.  Napier,  620 
Bannockburn,  «pur  found  near,  174 
BtmMck  Chmrch,  disc  qv  cry  in,  264 

— architecture  of,  273 

Barnard  Cattle,  declaration  of  a  priest 

at,  531 
Barnwell  Cattle,  ruins  of,  265 
Barringiott,   An^lo-Saxon    cemetery    dis- 
covered nenr.  60 
Bateman,  Thomat,  Exq.,  memoir  of.  450 
Baih  Literary  and  Scientijlc  InttHnHon 

Report,  626 
Beckermont,  cross  in  chnrcliynrd  at,  530 
Beckei,  Thomat,  at  Northampton,  264 
Berwiekthire  Naturalittt^  Club   at  Lin-- 

hope,  160 
and  Tynetide  Naturalittt* 

Clnbt  at  Almciek,  519 
Bibliography  qf  Normandy,  28 
4  r 


■—  —      .---i 


;ri'#  1-^      .'.'■-..-■•'                 :.«:     £.'•■  ..^■-  '.•  :: 

_-    _     ,.:-              ..        -    ^.— ^         -_ 

;  _      ,.          ■     » 

■-•..-.—       -.        .\' 

T-.-:.-::-.*f..ir».      -'.-.A...    »•         ..' 

.'.-.'    :..    r  ..  r  -     *    :• 

J|m.'/^.V     ,r, '.;:.. -*.<.:-     -     .:k      ' " 

'.'.,, 

jlmr/   i/*  ^r<«'«^/r     l'-*-- --.-rH-i   »r       ' ; 

"'.•-     .    -     -    '^   T-'-r"  '_' 

Jtmrjfu^^t    tr.?...  •.?;.-!   ! ■  .1-.- ^  — -- ;   i:.     "i 

■;    «,"■*      >•:        •■■•■<'  ..•«■•     r 

Mmr'tJf    Aji^r-     •J^n*    .-     '.  t 

Jbm  *.><  '^Aur-.i     ni.rpMi^-;:-          r..; 

. '.« •-  .*.,,.    •-  \ '     ¥\-  lii- 

■■'"•- 

-1_JB'  ■    -     T'-.   1. 


;-:> 


Index  to  Etsaya,  igc. 


703 


hham  Chitrch,  helmets  fi^otn,  60 
WCoekmiil  Waod,  near  Whitby,  Discovery 
of  Ancient  Cotns  in,  1S7 
Cole^   Mr,  Moheri,   Collection    of  Auto- 
j^rftpUs,  -125 
iCohinttnatreet  Ward,  Mnee  of,  69 
^Coiumi*U4t,  lett4*r  of,  366 
' discovery  of  Americft  by,  4&8> 

Bm 

mprehemire  History  of  IndiUf  76 
pton  CajtilCf  rcTimini  of,  50i> 
Family  I'Ddigrce  of,  369 

Sir  William^  fiWer  ptLrtizan  of, 

a69 
wOtngreshurif^  Artnii  iit,  547 
Voitniflif,  Kll^ne  Ntf,  will  of.  85 
^     Haniine/etmii^t  cohm  of,  &33 

niual  CAnrch  of  Mount  Sinai^  arcbi- 
twture  of,  61 
Conwciff  Danj/eii^  will  of,  35 
Con^nrfhnm,    Dowager    Marchioness    of 

memoir  of,  (i80 
Cork,  Wilk  nnd  Inventorizes,  temp.  Elizai- 
beth,  33,  257.  501 
sh  Tours,  37 
^Cornwall  imcripfions  and  crosses,  G2B 
\Cotterstovk  Chnrch,  arcliitt'cture  of,  391 
,  SysLcmatie  Modu  of,  157 
yArchh.^  pm^re  rcliitmg  to,  355 
^JU,  Ornrtt,  will  of,  31 
ICrediton  Church,  nrcUitccttiro  of,  377 
{ffrvmlet^ks,  On«  116 

t  rf/w-jt,  271*  366 
Abbey  Chmreh,  de»cnptioD  of, 

Church,  proposed  re&torAtion  of, 
802 

Court-house,  in«pectTon  of^  302 

CruciJLt  of  jet,  twAtth  cvutnry,  l^ 
I  CruviJlrioH^  carving  of  tUe,  66 
\Culhden,  bnttle  fidd  of,  528 
]  Cultompion  Churchy  furcliitectaro  of,  511 
[  Cvmmimf,  Sev,  J,  G.,  Guide  to  tbe  lale 

of  Man,  192 
[  ^jM{/bm»  Imeriptions,  Dcciphcnncnt  of, 

481,600 

[  Cups,  silvergilt,  fift<M»Tith  centnry,  150 
r  Curator  Affrorum^  ofHcc  of,  69 
tCwr  Dtmt  Momo,  102 
Id»fr«r,  Miss  Mary  F.  Eickardeon,  m^ 
t     moir  of,  89 

I  Cwrry  Hivel  Church,  windotrs  and  corv- 
log  «t,  lOi 
C^rme,  Antiqiiities  from,  C69 
KxcAVAtiaRS  at,  256 
{*culptiir«»  from,  477 
j  CBoHoryski,  Frituv  Adnm,  memoir  of,  206 
>  ^i^moita.  Notes  Ofi,  592 
[  Dattvn,  Lawrence  (iforto$),  graniof  arms 

i?r,  159 

'ok  Tow9r,  rpntoration  of,  32 
n  dcMU-iptiou  of,  513,  5X5 
lJ>arlmoi(IAp  excumoii  to,  514 


Dads,  John,  Imprisonment  of,  352 
Datflesford  Churchy  re^bniU,  540 
Zhrmess^  Orkney ^  Ancient  11  raves  in,  37 
Delhi,  design  for  a  new  mission  church 

nt,  154 
Drfi^ham  CattU,  architecture  of,  175 

—  Church,  monument  m»  175,  518 

Deumark,  Recent  Excavations  in,  417 

Ei»g  of,  cftbinet  of  atitiquitiey 

of  the,  172 
Derbyshire,  ftutiquittes  in,  495 
Dereham  Gkurek,  aicbttectnre  of,  633 
D^Eymewtriy  Si.  Eon.  Ch^xrles  Tennysom, 

m<*moir  of,  328 
Diocletian,  Smperor,  coin  of,  633 
Ditchinffham,  Rntiqutties  found  lit,  645 
Dot  turn  or  Amphora,  fished  up   off  tbo 

Goodvrm  Sunds,  55 
Donatello,  Miidonua  and  Child  by,  153 
Domton  Church,  [nouumciit  iu,  630 
Dover  Castle,  church  nt,  restored,  587 
Xk^scmes,  Oeorgc,  JC»q,f  Inventory  of  tbe 

goods  of,  1603,  624 
Ikrtcthfeaite,  family  of,  65 
DraffQ»  of  the  Auctefits,  'Hie,  130 
Dr^e,  Nathan,  Juuraal  of,  extracts  from, 

16 
Drawings,  Originnl^  exhibition  of,  294 
Drayton  Mousey  1G7 

architecture  of,  265 

Dublin,  Restoration  of  SL  Patrick's  Ca- 
thedral, 494 
Dugdale,  Sir  WiUiam,  Letter*  of,  621 

— — —  Warwickshire, ^VQT 

ill  l>r.  Thomas'  edition  a^,  667 
Dunhel  rathSf  antiquitif's  discovered  at,  162 
Dundas,    Vice^Adm,  Sir   Richard    Saun^ 

ders,  memoir  of,  87 
Durham,   MS.  respecting  the   four  boc- 
pitali  of,  300 

Bishop  of,  m4miioir  of,  324 

conventual  seal  of,  530 

Dybeok's  RHne-Monuments  of  Sweden,  190 
^arl*s  Barton,  tower  of  Saxon  work,  264 

Ooome  C^iircA,  architecture  of,  541 

Sarsham,  Anglo  Saxon  urti  found  at,  645 

CAii  re  A,  architectoro  of,  647 

Sast  Anglian,  The,  671 
Ecclesiastical  Embroidery  Society,  154 

EcenU  in  1544,  356 

— ' Misiory,    Landmarki    oC 

278 
Ecolesiological  Society,  meeting  of,  153 

^ ^— Report  of,  154 

EdpehiH,  Sir  Jncoh  Astlcy  at,  267 
Edinburyh,  Cat-stone  found  nwir,  40 
Egtint^tn,  Earl  of  memoir  of,  563 
Eidrcd,  John,  br.i8B  of,  175 
Eleanor  Crosses  in  Northamptonshire,  265 
Elliot,  Lietit,,  extracts  from  Juumal  of, 

617,  618,619 
Elm/mm^  South,  antiquities  found  at.  645 
Et^tny  Church,  singular  architecture  of,  535 


704 


fndat  to  Essays,  SfC. 


M^itff'haU,  mcttd&\  mtnsicm  o^  686 
iL/fon  Church,  cbanci-l  of,  388 

Hall,  gateway  at,  388 

Englnnd,  Lives  of  the  Bachelor  Elngs  of, 

311 
Eii^lUh  Cathedral  of  the  Nineteenth  Cen^ 

iurii,  72 
EsgliaqtoH,  improvements  nt,  24 
Efttpleg,  rhri^tiiin  Grave  found  at,  489 
Elh^hfjuff^  ailvercom  of^  515 
J:(hiiolo(jicftl  Society,  rat*«ting  of,  156 
J':.i>imen,  The  New,  310 
E-vt'tt^r,  !inti»]oity  of,  37 1 
— 111 ec ting  of  the  Arcbttological  So- 
ciety at,  103 

Muntcipal  Archives  of,  513 

Cathedral^  foundatioa  of,  375 

Ejthall   Church,  destrtictioii    of    ancient 

work  ftt,  5- 10 
Exhibition  o/1862,  15 1 
Eoffgan,  Nichola9^  will  of,  36 
Fardh  Stone,  drawing  of.  56 
FauahoU,  V^  Five  JuiakaB,  670 
Faverthamt  Anglo-Saxon  jeweUerj  ftvm, 

5air 
Ferns t  Ancient  History  of  the,  380 

of  Derhyihire,  tlie,  312 

Ferre^,  B.  Esq ,  Remnrke  on  the  Naves 

of  Cbristchurch  and  Durhsim,  607 
Fibula  of  unique  pattern^  163 
Fiiek,  H^,  John  Ninhatn*8  Vicwi  of  the 

Gntcfl  of  Norwich,  551 
Fitz  Edwards,  Grorge  Qalwey^  will  of,  257 
Fitz  Jeffhj,  WilHam  Galwe^/,  will  of,  260 
Flint  Impiementi  in  the  Dnft,  143 
• — —  u*eapons,  collection  of,  365 

-  itnplemeMfjt,  ohservutions  on,  407 
Flowering  Plaints  of  Great  Britain^  76 
Ford  Abbey,  Chapel  of.  377 
Forrester,  Baron  de,  memoir  of,  67 
Forteseve,  Earh  memoir  of,  4-10 
Fothcringhay  Church,  history  of,  387 
F^ankaghe,  Edmonde  Fitt  Nicholae,  wil! 

of,  36 
Frederick  the  Great,  medal  of,  342 
Galwe^,  Andrev}e,  will  of,  257 

ChrUtopher.  will  of,  261 

. —  Genet,  will  of.  261 

William,  will  of,  257 

Geddington  Cro*it,  265 

Geldestone^  diota  of  gliwa  fonnd  nt»  178 
Gems,  collection  of,  eJthihition  of,  55 

Anti«|nf»,  133 

Chntld,  Edmund  Oge,  will  of,  501 
Oertnnn  fjobleis^  160 
Giffnrd  Cattle,  cxcavntioiis  ftt,  427 
Giotti,  cck'hratcd  mcKiaic  by,  474 
Uijitajton'a   Unedited  Spreimene  of  Old' 

Northern  Literature,  188 
r'   ^  ./.....  ^'./...^,..  (3433 

i  ituittr  Abbeg,  553 

f,  ^  -rt  in,  385 

Gtowitom,kmjow!i  and  ipor  fouttd  tioaf,2B5 


Gloueeeier  Caihedn^,  mcaastic  itle  i 

66 
Glifptic  Art,  exemplification  of,  53 
Godatming  amd  its  Hear,  1640,  409 

— ^—  Church,  descripticm  of,  410 

extracts  fipom  the  Cbtirdi  R^ 

gtster,  412 
Gold,  Peirt,  will  of,  601 
Goodmn,  William,  Dean  of  Chri«t  Cbitre1|» 

Oxford,  family  of,  70 
Gooll,  Adnm,  will  of,  601 
GorUehakoff,  Prince  Michael,  memoir  ( 

8© 
GoepeU,  early  copy  of  the,  61 
Gothic  Architecture,  Memonal  in  fvr 

of,  166 
Gower,  ancient  history  of,  39 i 

ethnology  of,  396,  h^% 

Graham,  Sir  James,  memoir  of,  6dl 
Greenock,  stool  of  repentance  at,  $29 
Gregory  Collection  relating  to  thm  CM^ 

worker^  Company,  60 
Gmide  to  the  Isle  of  Man,  192 
Gttidot  head  in  fne^co  by,  153 
Gvildford,  Chnrch  of  St.  Nicholas  At^  406 
Gutch,  Johii  MatketPf  Eeq-,  memoir  o^ 

682 
Gypsum  Quarries,  Somersetshire,  405 
Saccombe  Ckureh,  architecture  of,  608 
Hadrian,  Emperor,  coin  of»  532 
Malihurtons  of  Nova  Scotia,  182 
jUammack,  John^   George,  Esq.„   memoir 

of,  686 
Sancocki  Thomas,  Narrative  of,  362 
- — ■—   -  --        -  --  anecdoto  of,  636 

Ifftndbook  of  Roman  Numisma/ics^  137 
Harcjield  Church,  Brakesporo  chapel  to^l 

519 
Htnrow,  spear-head  dng  up  at,  293 
Martinglon,  Hob  Hurst's  HonBC^  497 
Hastings  braes,  at  Elstog,  636 
Hayee-Bushnell,  Madame  Catherime,  me 

moir  of,  331 
Hebb,   Christophef  Menry,  Esq., 

of,  687 
Hedda  and  Ms  Monks,  monutnent  I 
Mel  ike,  coin  of,  67 

Henry  IK,  death  of,  6  _ 

Senslow,  Mev,  John  Stevens,  memmr 

90 

Heracles  slaying  Hippolyte,  phhte  oif»  ISO  I 
Heraldic  Query,  70 
Heraldry  of  Cheshire,  Lecture  oo,  631 
Ilenzey,  The  Family  of,  pe^gree  of,  64»4 
Hrrhtrrt,  Vice-Adm,  Sir  Thomae,  isiemQ 

of,  445 

of  Lea,  Lord,  memotr  fyf,  92$ 

Hereford  Cathedral  Hestor  i>4 

Hetrick,  7f7//mm,  some  ac<  ;! 

Hejpham   Abbey    Church,    utn 

tncnt  of,  23  ' 
Hide^htim,  cinerary  um  found  at.  „  ,^ 
High<tm  Dykee,  sculpture  a^  64i 


^^m                                    Index  io  Essays,  ^c,                                  705         ^^^| 

f        JSr^gh  Ram  Churth,  roodloa  at,  405 

Kent    ArchteoU^al    Society,    Ttmnsac-           ^^^H 

1          near   Lanjpori,    RomilO    Tilk 

tlons,  583                                                              ^^H 

1            diMorered  nt,  647 

jropoflcd  new  History  of,  689                       ^^^^| 

■        MUl  Oroome  Church,  pbcinA  at,  541 

Doomsday  Book  for,  606                                 t^^^l 

^^^MUHngdtm  Church,  armour  id,  319 

llie  Great  Rebellion  in,  in  1381.  587             ^^^M 

^^mg^&leiom  Charck,  arehil(*cture  of,  303 

Ket/,  found  under  the  ruins  of  the   House                   ~^H 

^^KBodn€U,  The,  262 

of  Lordii,  60                                                            ^^^H 

^^^MMoifiton  Church,  monument  in,  630 

Ke^i,  ornamentab  cirhihition  of,  366                     ^^^^| 

^^MiBolme^hitl,  YorkHliire,  sword  found  at,  18 

JTAaa,  The  Sultan  Abdul  MedM,  memoir            ^^^H 

^^■jToiM,  Our  Eni^lisli,  431 

of.  200                                                                      ^^M 

^^Hclr&o^,  n\  K,  Livt'B  of  the  Arclibiebops  of 

KiUrea  Abbey,  foundation  of.  35                                 ^M 

^^H     Canterbury,  12 1 

Kilkenny,  Almshouse,  rale«  of,  163                                 ^H 

^^mMope,  J.  J.  'B.  B.,  En^rliHli  Cuthcdrnl  of 

Archaohifical  Society,  meeting                    ,^H 

^^■^tb©  Nineteentb  rtuitury,  72 

of,  162                                                                     ^^H 

^^^uTonur,  Edwfini,  Marryrduni  of,  352 

Kimy,  Rev.  C,  W.,  Antique  Gems,  133                 ^^^M 

^^K&OfJHA^,  Prof,  W,,  tneuioir  or»  448 

Kinyabury  Episcopi  Church,  tower  at,  403*           ^^^^| 

^^HBamif/Qtei,  ooitu  discovered  at,  58 

Kinyaettle-hitl,  416                                                    ^^^H 

^^JTott^,  IF.  E,,  The  Fenw  of  Derbjshire, 

Einyttane  Down,  Roman  remains  at,  151             ^^^^| 

f^       812 

Kinsals,  town  of,  33                                                   ^^^^| 

1         Buddif^ion  Church,  foodscreen  at,  302 

iirilT   f^i"  Wt^nv,'  llptf^tmrt    nf    1^                                 ^^^^^^H 

Will  Of  nenr^  ijrowne,  or,  oo                       ^^^^^^h 

1 Court^kout^,  mantel  -piece*  at. 

Kirkleatkam-hall,  crucifix  found  at,  143               ^^^H 

1             303 

Kirkmadrine^  rcmarkid)le  nhibs  from,  174.            ^^^^f 

^mm  Muakendon  Ckmrch,  sculptured  monument 

lurtling  Church,  architect  tire  of,  175                     ^^^H 

■v    at«630 

Kirton4n*Lind4ey    Church,  fresoo   disco-            ^^^^| 

vcred  at,  150                                                      ^^^M 

^K^tt/iMf  Abbty,  ri»it  io,  522 

Knives  and  Ibrks,  collection  of,  56                        ^^^H 

^^VjTtituJ^^^foiM*,  coin  found  at,  204 

Knudten*€  Sl^sdykie  Frovindnal-efterret-           ^^^^M 

■          Buaqetrian  and  Fotixh  if  (An*,  56 

ninyer,                                                                     ^^^^| 

1         Muntinffdofi,  Church  of  All  Saints,  regto- 

Lanyport,  ancient  esarih works  at,  400                    ^^^H 

^^B       mtiou  of,  CI 

Battle  of,  401                                          ^^H 

^^^Muae,  origin  of  tlie  nntnis  b^iG 

— '  Churchy  sculpture  at,  401                        ^^^^| 

^KlilumiHated  MSS,  history  of  the  art,  1 17 

Lankcii^,   Mrs.,   Wild  Flowers   Worth            ^^H 

— eibibition  of.   of    all 

Notice,  192                                                            ^^^H 

periods,  366 

Lanenham  Church,  restoration  of,  S64                  ^^^^| 

Iham  Chape f^  remams  of,  510 

Layard's,  Mr.,  MSS.  of  fres^coes,  153                    ^^^H 

Jtichnacawack,  bone    implciaeiita    disco- 

Lee  Penny,  remarks  on,  57                                       ^^^^H 

Tert'd  at,  142 

Leed^  Ca^lfe,  architecture  of,  291                           ^^^^| 

Imtu/ffence  ijrqnftHi,  141 4»  160 

Leicester,  Antiquarian  Discoveries  at  St.            ^^^^H 

Jn^tUpht  spurious  cliamcttT  of,  385 

MartinX14l                                                          ^^^M 

—  Chronicle,  Errors  in,  b4B 

and  II«*/h  Capet,  660 

X-lrrrlrlt  Pnrt mi f-i  nf    fl'*                                ^^^^^^H 

and  Mr.  Rife^.  659 

^^B 

Invemtofy  MoiU,  Notes  on,  631 

St.  Margaret's   Church,   archi-           ^^^^H 

I<ma^  gnives  of  the  early  kings  of  Scot- 

tecture of,  295                                                     ^^^H 

land  iti,  ^28 

Leicestershire  Architectural  and  Archao-           ^^^^H 

^^Imn^koe  Church,  wmlptare  in,  630 

logical  Society,  mcetiDgs  of,  62,  294^           ^^^^H 

^^^^orpf  octrving,  cU  vcnth  century.  56 

637                                                                        ^^H 

^^^tor«tof«d'.  History  of,  lecture  on,  52 

Lewis  of  Bavaria,  gold  coin  of,  14*3                      ^^^^| 

^^^w/#  ofPwrheck,  BHiish  coiu  fooud  in,  57 

Liehfletd  Caihedroi,  new  font  at,  l&i                   ^^^1 

^^KVMUt^e,  barrowg  at,  418 

re-opening  of,  518                   ^^^H 

^^^hdburgh,  tiiig^  at  tlie  Mnscum,  298 

Liciuius,  aiireiifi  of,  5^                                             ^^^^H 

^^Hprnwa/^ni  Chamber t  3 

Lifeboat,  llie,  671                                                     ^^H 

^ mosaics  by  PiTuzzi  at,  475 

Limoyes  enamels,  crtllection  of,  153                        ^^^^H 

^^^f0V)€llef^,  audent,  152,  366 

Lincoln  Min^t^r  and    the    Works   now           ^^^M 

^■^oAm#,  Rev.CA.,  A  Week  nt  the  Lijcard,  27 

yoiny  on  there,  381                                               ^^^^H 

^^^Joinviile,  Sietir  de.  Life  of.  237 

Lincolnshire  Inventory,  A,  505                               ^^^^H 

^^^^Qn«9,  Mr,  Otcen,  original  designa  of^  153 

Lindisfame  Priory  Church,  repairs  to,  24            ^^^H 

^^KBUKmJmipmta^  coin  of,  532 

Ldnkope,  A  Field  day  at,  160                                ^^H 

^^^m^Ihm»a,  coin  of,  532 

ejcplorations  at,  300                                  ^^^^H 

^^KTtilfiit  Cmtar,  Landing-place  of,  5S4 

Siixon  silver  err,^  found  at.  528               ^^^^H 

^^HXfrmjMiy  Churchy  architecture  of,  540 

Literary  Discoveries  in  Asia  Minor,  668             ^^^^| 

^^^^eni  Archaoloaie&l  Sockfy,  meeting  of. 

LUlinyton^  Abbot  Nicholas,  Servioe-books           ^^^H 

^■^2,281 

^^H 

7oe 


fmkx  to  Ei9ai^,  ^<r. 


7  ,  AhM  Nn^hola*,  libej»llty  of.  3 

..».  r»H2 
X<itt.vM  Miioor-hause,  169 

»^i#i#.  171 

Liandetsttitt^g^  brtAfiudl  at,  45 
XAanmaddi^ckdoy^n^  British  camp  at.  394 

— -  Churrh^  luannmcnUhi,  3d4 

Zf'tiii'i*ft^''f*  f'hurch,  tombetone  »t,  42 
LolUtnU,  oHi^n  nf  the  word,  4^,  582 
Lomk9fd,  iMvid,  mil  of,  &03 
XomiflhMtf^A^Nie,  muieiiiii  at,  497 
Lomdoi$f  macet  of  variona  Citj  wards,  59 

Church  of  St.  Biirtbolaniew  the 

Gwat,  462 

-  Tax  for  maiataining  the  Walla  of^ 


4m 


and  Middlesex  and  Surrey  Ar^ 
ehaoloffical    JSociciiet,    59,    159/  292» 

5ie 

XoA^,  CJtarleM  Bdmard,  Bvq*,  memoir  of, 

&6d 
Longfellwi^a  Poemi,  432 
ljong*lStunioti  Churehe*,  61 
Lo*et«tf*park^  meeting  of  tlic  Surrey  Ar* 

chiiH)logical  Sixriety  ut,  102 

hall,  visit  to,  406 

M*SS»  pr<*aerv*tHl  at,  409 

Loithi  WUUiim^  E*q.t  memoir  of,  448 
JjOtilk,  John^  Reuiinisccnees  of«  351 
X/owick  Church,  staiufd  glagg  in,  167 

munuoient*  in,  169 

Ziti^leiffh'St<n»e,  cxplttnation  of^  616 
lAitiencorlh^  I^icesterdhire  Architocttiral 

and  Archft'ological  Society  Meeting  at, 

298,637 

— ^ Church,  History  of,  637 

in«»iiuitient«  in,  637 

Jj^dgate  Cattle,  architecture  of,  176 
McCartie,  John  Tiege,  w  111  of,  504 
Maedonald,  Lieut.  John^  memoir  of,  211 
Meujkemie,    WiUiam   Ltfon,   memoir   of, 

666 
Madden,  R  IF.,  The  Handbook  of  Roman 

Nunnsintitics,  137 
Maexhotp^  excHvationa  At,  179 
Maidjfiow,    Kent  ArchtBoh'gical   Society 

at,  281 
—  All   Saints  Church,  described, 

282 
Malihy,  Biihop,  and  Dr,  Parr,  304 
Malxmm  Priory  Church,  restoration   of, 

652 
Margam  Churchy  architecture  of,  392 

— -^  Chapief-hou*0,  reuituUB  of,  393 

MormUett  646 

Note  on  Brouie,  264 

illnfitrntion  of,  423 

ifariock^  V*    •  •      ^^':'t 

MoHtfr^,  Ai  I  the  Book  of.  351 

Marg  Qur      ^  ,.  Uovyvr  of,  305 

— '  portniits  of,  163 

roli«^  of,  366 

Malhew,  Ewhard,  wiU  of,  504 


Metihgham  CaHle  and  CoiJ^^g^ 

of,  646 
atone  celt   and 

from,  646 
Midl4tud  CQuniiet  Arch^tolcffieai  Asstfd^ 

Han,  excuraiou  of,  16S 

At  Oxford,  637 

Migri^,  Tlie  Sculptured  Stoue  pt,  71 
MUfitrd  ftatfeH,  ineuiorlal  on  the  «t«t«  \ 

in  1695,  139 
Milion*  Poetical  Workx,  433 
MiHt-marks^  UoniJin,  69 
Jllirror,  with  embnjidered  fmnae,  153 
Mijderii)%  I'httrch,  architect  urv  of,  637 
Moigneux,  monameuta  of  the  fiamkf  < 

406 
Moore,  WVIiam,  Etq^  Invetitory-roll  i 

64-1. 
Moorxom,  Vk^-  f-^  "    '^-^moir  of,  88 
Mor€,  family  e  \4Ml 

Chrijffoi  .   of,  408 

Motaica,  the  iirt  ut  woikjtig  m^  223i,  4? 

Sixth  Century,  343 

Seventh,  Eitrlith,  and  XiuUi  C4 

turieft,  344,  346,  340 

Tweiah  Centnry,  403 

Thirteenth  Centurj',  471 

Fourteenth  Centnry^  475 


Mount  BdfftmmLe,  The  Eari  oj^ 

of,  439 
Moirntfjgne,  Thomat,  Tronblca  of,  354 
Mucht'lncg  Abheg,  description  of,  403 
MtilUnithone,  stone  mould  at,  162 
y^tpier^   Maj^Gen,  J?.,  Life    mid    Carre* 

gj„..Mi -iMV.  ^f  Sir  Chaxles  Nnpicr*  611 
Nar.  'he  flrformaUoH  frxnm  Jokm 

l\.  V.  351 

Na*ebg  Itrid,  relics  of,  366 

—  visit  to,  6*2 

Nwtmgtk,  Major  Char/rJt,  memoir  of,  9S 

yavicella,  mosaic  caUed.  474 

Neale,  Rev,  J,  Jf.,  Notes  on    Dalnmtj 

692 
Neath  Ahheg,   tesaelhitcd  paveisietit 

covered  at*  391- 
Ne((rif  Abbey,  ooUeciion  of  iHea  found  i 

67' 
Newhvrgh,   Aiute   D&tooffer   CaunimsM 

memoir  of,  323 
Setcra^tle  Hncieltj  of  AnUqiMrie^^  dooftti 

of  book*  to,  6-1 


298.  527.  643 

VV^'^avcra*  Tower  »t^  52# 


ioe«tisig« 


Norfolk  and  Norwich  Archa:ological  ^- 

cieUft  mectiog  ^^  633 
— — -  and   Suffolk  ImtiU^ 

(fArch      '  -  '  *     ^^of.  64 

Normam!  ^ 


Norf-httmpton  Ca^Ue,  tile 
— —  meeting  of  1 1 


iex  to  Eisays,  ^-c. 


707 


n,  Roond  Chnirb  at.  165 
owthire  Arehitectttrat  Sociei^, 
Report  of,  164 

CkmrdUiif    remarks   on 


the.  Z6d 


271 


'  description  of*  263 

'  Local  Nometiduturo  of, 

Worikiet,  267 


^QfiMorouffU  CAnreh,  vmt  to,  SBS 

-  and  OUnton  Churvhev,  error 
concerning,  665 

KoHse^  architecture  of,  S8S 


Norih  Elmham  Church,  arcliitci'tnre  f*t  534 

— ^ —  Ee^*ter,  5M 

Nofth^mherlandf     improvement     in     k- 

boarera'  oottfiges,  25 
ftntiquiitca  in,  26 

rYGrion-FiUvmrren,  ancient  pottery  dia- 
coTvird  near,  649 
Wwrwhh  Cathedrtil,  roof  of,  666 
KoU-book  (if  Stfivanus    L^rban,  71,  18S, 

308,  425,  518*  668 
Numij/matic  Soeid^,  meeting  o^  57/153, 

625 
Oakham  Castle,  excnrsion  to»  277 
OttsUer,  J^itharti,  E^q.,  memoir  of,  419, 689 
Obtmxk  Rook,  Yorkshire ^  tumulua  calleil, 

662 
Odffinffley  Ckwvk^  arcbitecture  of,  302 
Oriifinal  Documents,  33,   1311,  257,   370, 

501,  621 
Orkueti,  Knnie  inscriptiona  in,  170 
Othery   Church,  Inigtoscope   aud   Ijchno* 

scope  at,  405 
OiUfy  SL  Mary  Church,  architecture  of, 

378 
Oundle,  the  *' Talbot"  at,  391 
Otft  Chitrcht  reatoration  of,  61 
Orf»rd,   BUhop  of,  remarks  on  Arcbteo- 
logy,  629 

" AmhUrclHral  and  ffitiorieal  So* 

defy,  meeting  of.  38,  47,  161 

CajiiU,  107 

City  WalUand  other  Fortifications 

at.  107 

*nio  Walk  rotind,  123 

■  Midland   Coimtiei   ArcbEBologieal 

AaBocintiun  at,  537 
Omoich  Cfislh,  »mua  of  the  Manael  family 
at,  899 

—  Church,  Norman  font  sit,  399 

O^titrmouih  Castle,  Normnn  fort  r^sof,  395 
J'Of^et,  J.,  New  "  Examcn,"  310 
Pafifrtirct  Sir  Francis,  memoir  of,  441 
Palimpst^f  brass /\rofn  All  ffallotts  Bark' 

ing,  150 
Farti^to  Cathedral,  3 13,  594 
Parker,  J,  JL,  Esq.,  DeacHjition  of  Oitford 

City  Walk  107 
-ftwr,  Dr.  Samusi,  letter  fh>m,  301 
PasUdem^   Thomas^  axtracta    from  Auto- 
biography of,  15 


PauU,  Dr.  if,.Pictare5  of  Old  England,  428 
Peakirk  Church,  antiquities  in,  384 
Pedigree  on  vellum ^  illumiimted,  159 
Pen  Pits,  antiquity  of.  416 
Penally,  incised  stones  from,  -IS 
PennuwH  Church,  discovered,  398 
Pcnnard  Church,  viftit  to,  398 
Percy- ffcrrick,   Mr.,   ancient  letters   la 

pofflession  of,  63,  298 
Peskawur,  antiquitiCB  from,  163 
Peter  the  Apostle  never  ai  Rotne,  311 
Peterborough,  CongrcKi  of  tlie  Arcbaso- 

logical  InBtitntc  at,  263,  3H0 

' ~ Cathedral,  lecture  on,  383 

ancient   monuments    in  the 

Cnthedral,  264,  280 

'  Miueum  af,  270,  365 


Pettmrth'house,  works  of  art  at,  414i 
Pewter  plate  bearing  arms,  150 
Pictures  of  Old  E^^and,  428 
Pirton  Court,  visit  to,  5-41 

—  Church f  bad  state  of,  541 

Pisa,  mrxiaic  in  the  cbarcb  of  St.  Nicolai^ 

475 
Pitney,  Roman  villa  nt,  404 
Place  farm,  curious  harti  at,  416 
Plan  for  the  Fortification  of  Oxford,  117 
Planetarium  of  Nuremhery^  150 
Platonic  Dialogues  fbr  English  Meader^, 

430 
Polar  Stffi^ms,  The,  431 
Pol^f  Cardinal,  character  of,  38 
Pompeii,  Excavations  in,  303,  426 

lllustrutioiiA  of  life  in,  153 

Ponsonhy,  Lord,  mi-tnoT  of,  565 
Pontefract  Castle,  Siegrs  of,  15 
Portmken  Ward,  Mticc  of.  159 
port  Talbot  stone,  inscription  on,  41 
Portugal,  King  of,  memoir  of,  679 
Partus  Abucinus,  cxcavatioru)  at,  488 
Praun  collection  of  gems,  55 
Proclamations,  dated  1660.  ^.,  t59 
Proverb,  A,  where  to  be  found,  582 
Pytchley  hounds,  267 
Quarterly  Index  qf  Current  Literaiurt, 

432 
Quethioc  Church,  monuments  in,  293 
Ravenna,   mo«iic   iu    the   church   of   St. 

Agatha  at,  225 
in  the  church  of  St.  VI- 

Utis,  229 
R^ellUfn  of  1715,  relics  of,  298 
Red  Colomr,  Ancknt,  composition  of,  582 
Relic  of  the  Great  Rebellion,  67 
Rrynolds,  Adm,  Sir  B,,  memoir  of,  827 
RichanJson,  Sir  J,,  Polar  Regions,  431 
Rickman,  The  Iwte  Thomas,  523 
Rings,  collection  of  ancienr,  366 
Ripan  Minster,  visit  to,  665 
Rochester,  destruction  of  city  wall,  423 
— —  Catalogue  of  the  Library  of  th« 

Priory  of  8t.  Andrew,  587 
VandalUm  at,  423 


708 


Index  to  Ena^B,  tfc. 


M^kinglMM  ComIU^  King  Jobn  »t,  26S 
Bomam  Mrid^  ai  C^tinwat,  530 

CoiJV,  Unpobliabed,  57 

amd  Saxon  emikmorks,  534 

llUa,  teMelkted  floor.  405 

£om€,  the  Chapel  of  St.  Zeoo,  348 

Churcli  of  St,  Clement,  471,  6^ 

"  Church  of  St.  Af^ies^  344 

mottics  at,  2^  344 

tombs  in,  475 

Bonay,  IftUnd  of,  Tint  to,  361 
MoUen  Bow,  Calbege,  ^„  306 
Momghamt  ^law  TAie  ftmnd  at,  178 
Sowant  y'efk.  Archd.^  memoir  of,  565 
RuUHp  ChurcK  Eu-tj  English,  519 
Eu»ic  IfucripfiofUt  2^ 

ttatf€9,  ohMrrationa  on,  61 

SL  Cadvan,  monnment  ol,  40 

St,  Lizy  Simon  de,  refbimder  of  North* 

amptoD,  264 
St  PauVM  Caihedral  Lihrafy,  MSS.  fixim, 

61 
Saltcellar,  inscribed,  150 
Samhenito  and  Corosa^  666 
Samian-ware  pang^  tDanofactnre  of^  143 
SanderMon,  Dr.,  Life  of,  61 
San^fMl,  Douglax,  Etq.,  memoir  qf,  462 
Saaoferato,  rare  picture  by,  395 
Saxhamj  Great,  itatnt'd  gUas  at,  175 
Saxon  relics,  exhibited  at  Peterborough, 

365 
Scandinavian  antiqmiiier,  74 
SeoirhoromgK  Besi^  for  a  new  Church  at, 

154 
Beoilamd,  inscribed  sitones  in,  40 

Society  of  Antiquaries,  meeting 


Shnta^worik^ 
Sintd^  Kateuchm 
Koaotaiia  of,  6o3 


of,  173 


'  Church  Architecture  of,  358 
round  towers  of,  359 


Scoiff  &,  <?,,  Gleaning*  from  Weatminst^r 

Abbey,  553 

— •-  and  W«tmin«t*r  Abbey,  546 

Sir  WalUr,  Jt'u  d't-aprit.  307 

Sculptured  ivory ^  ct>llectiou  of,  163 

SeaU,  exhibition  of,  59 

Sebenico  Cath^ral^  598 

Setly   Oak,  St.  Mary*s  Church,   comple* 

tion  of.  540 
Service  book  o/fftrmth  centttry,  293 
SkqfUfbmy,  Early  Uiatory  of,  415 

Abbey t  eieavations  nt,  416 

Shakespeare,  presumed  autograph  vf^  57 

houAe  of»  visit  to»  163 

Shardelaeg^  collection  of  ancient  deeds  from 

the  fumilj  archives  at,  628 
Skenton  Churek,  enoaujitic  tiles  from,  62 
Sheplon  Beamekamp  Ckureh,  architectiire 

of,  40 1 
Sherard,  Philip,  Exq.,  rent-roU  of,  294 
Skifhnttff  parxonaf^t- house f  21 
^^  Cnsite,  chair  cover  from,  160 

^  '■»  Mishopt  Early  Poemi  of, 


Somwfwtikirt  Atvk^to 

ing  of,  nm.  647 
Somkkingfor  Eeerybod^,  431 
Sotikei^^  Snmmet  Leigk,  Mg^^ 

446 
8omU  Fiefkerion  Ckmrck^  dmnoel  ^ 

of,  403 

— ^^- —  King  Itta's  PtelMSi^  401. 

Soutkefs  Ufe  of  yelson,  432 
Stiiffbrdshire,  antiquities  in,  4W 
Stamford,  visit  to  the  chnrchea  ot^^  2761 

^t.  Martin**  Church,  277 

Corjiormtioo  regalia,  278 

Stanesby,  Mr.,  Wisdoin   of   Solamcm   U- 

Instrated,  670 
Stamford  CAmrtk^  polpitn^oth  and  jtmlnt^A 

gbfls  at,  643 
Stanniore  Farm,  Roman  villa  diaooivered 

at.  55 
StapUfbrd  Chmtk^  design  for 

oC  154 
Stmoell,  Lord,  aoeodote  of,  40S 
Simoponef,  origin  of  the  name,  655 
Stone,  Restoration  of  the  Cbotch  of 

Mary.  587 

Church,   donbled-faced 

630 

Stourbridge  n^w  ehmrvk,  cansearmtiait  dt^ 

StO 
Strafford-on-Aton^  visit  to  Shakeipeare's 

house  at,  163 
Strenskam  Church,  paintings  tn,  &41 
Strickland,  A.,   Lives   of    the    ~ 

Kings  of  England,  311 
Strin^9ton  Cross,  404 
Btnari  relics,  extuhitkm  of,  271,  366 
Smdboron^k  Church,  monujnt  nt  iu,  169 
Suffblk  Institmtm  of  Archetologf  timd  iV7»> 

iural  History,  175,  644 

Roman    and    Saxon    ■iiliqidU«a 


restoi«iiaB 
655  ^H 


Society,  meelini 
Society,    genmd 


fonnd  in,  294 
Surrey   ArchttologictU 

of,  102,  406,  650 
Su^fse^    Archaeological 

meeting?  of,  413 
Sutton,  Norrann  Church  at,  276 
Swansea,  Ciuubrian  Aii^hicological 

dation  at,  392 

— Castle,  date  of  erection* 

Church,  monument  In,  395 

Sir  a  ut  on  Morley  Church,  architecture  ol^ 

537 
Stcitpham,    Robert,    MS.    Chrouli^    and 

Chj*rtulary  of,  281 
Swocesey  Old  JfanoT'house,  remftttia  of^  6|, 
Swiss  Antiquities,  610 
Tansor  Church,  singularity  of,  S88 
Tayleure,  Mr,  John,  memoir  of,  t 
Tatea,  in  shape  of  n  tktwet,  150 


^ 


Index  ia  Essays,  i^-e. 


709 


^SUfm,  Arohh.,  Salo  c«f  tko  Libmnr  of. 

ito,  222,  308 
TetricHi,  coin  of,  533 
TettenkaU^  tnonoinent  at,  152 
af%  icX'Aairi,  TAoTHfjif,  Dtk'ncv  of,  352 
Ttuftldit^fjwvrih  Churchy  restoration  of,  613 
Thorneif  Church,  iirchitccture  of,  S^t 
?!A&n»4aM^A  Churchy  mounmput  in,  276 
Thornholwt  Liinogfs  enainel  found  at,  56 
Thoi-pe  ChnrcK  ftrcliitectnro  of,  2t'»8 
—  Wat^rvilJe,cwt\e  and  manor-house 

Hi,  167 
Thraimton  Ctailvj  Bite  of,  167 
Thr€Qdne^Ve-H.,  antiquities  found  in,  149 
Tihhertvn  Chvrch,  di*graeuful  Mtat'»  of,  301 
Timbtt  J..  Somethinj^  for  Kver^body,  431 
JKnffetmckt  Roman  antiquities  at,  631 
Tintf  Tadpole,  and  otber  Tales,  671 
Tithury  Churchwards  remarkable  yew«tre© 

in,  416 
Tite,  Mr.,  collection  of  MSS.  exbibited  by, 

149 
Tiverton  Church,  architecture  of,  510 
■  Catth,  remninB  of,  oil 

Toiktington,  ring  found  at,  143 
Toledo^  dlscorery  of  rich  omamentfl  netr, 

152 
T^ormore,  excavations  at,  174 
Tmr  Abheif,  visit  t^s,  509 
TorrerfiaHi/jn  vcorkit  104 
Tojftork,  Hiixon  bucklo  of  gtjld  found  at,  29 1 
Toi/*,  deriviition  of  the  word,  222,  462 
Trehrrns,  origin  of  the  ti&me,  655 
Trf*ham,  ftimily  of,  169 
TViformmt  origin  of,  2 
Troy,  site  of,  151 

Tudor  Barnntfton,  court-house  at»  404 
TurlmpitM,  nickname  of.  102 
T^ehe  Churches,  The,  76 
Ttr't(/ord  Churvh^  m  on  union  t  in,  630 
Ttine  to  th£  Tweed,  From  ttie,  19 
UnderhWt  JSdwftrdt  Anecdotd  of,  354 
Uj^brid^e,  Antiqnltiefk  of,  516 

Church,  desLTiptioQ  of,  518 

— Treaty  of,  516 

T'lihnlimnmt,  Tliree,  coins  of,  58 
r>w/ff.  Church  of  Murano  at,  405 
Vfntara,  Father,  memoir  of,  330 
Vrxtiifta  of  Early  Christianity  in  Britain^ 

626 
r7c<orm,  Aborigines  of,  155 
FieiOt  of  the  Gat*a  of  Nonuick  in  1792-3. 

651 
VitUern,  ITotk,  amd  Met.  Semy  Montagtt^ 

Biftkop  of  Durham,  memoir  of,  324 
Waiiford,  Samian  ware  found  at,  645 
Waleott,  M,  E,  C„  Chordi  and  Convcntoftl 

Amingement,  549 
Wn/*4,  crtiftseK  and  Inacripticnis  in,  39 
Waliifigion,  deoorationj  at,  2-1 
Walthfim  CroM,  drawing  of,  160 
Wardciur  CuJttfe,  description  of,  416 
WarhfTvrtk  Castle,  restoration  of,  22 
Omirr.  »Uo,  Vol,  CCXl, 


U^arminffton  Church,  architectare  of,  387 

Wartvick,  All  Saints  Cburcli,  5 10 

WatMon,  Joshua,  Memoir  of,  182 

Wecta,  inacribeil  a*one  to.  40 

Wvlt*,  Bishop**  Pahico  at,  400 

Welsh  inscriptiofut,  Profeswor  Wt^twood 
on,  41 

— crorseg,  pattern  on,  43 

lf>*f,  Cftptain^  merooir  of,  569 

Weat'CokoTt  British  iutermeut  discovered 
At,  56 

IFejitmimttf  Abbey,  Tlve  Jeruialem  Cham- 
ber, 3 

British  Sculpture  in,  103 

Arinonr  from,  1 12 


The  Abbot's  House.  8 

-  King's  Jewel-house,  12 

ModtTu  Bull  dings,  11 


WhemelU  Dr,  W.,  Plutonic  Dialogues^  -130 
Whitby  Monastery.  127 
WId  Fhipers  Warth  ^*otice,  192 
Jfllderspool,  ant tqui ties  from,  57 
Wi/kes,  John,  exbihition  of  mutters  con- 

ne<^1cd  with^  293 
Wit/s  and  ImeRtories,  Cork,  33,  257,  501 
Wtltithire    Architologlcal    and    Katurai 
Mi^tory  Society,  meeting  of,  414 

Ihmn^,  tumuU  ou  the,  653 

Windotcs,  Low  Side,  583 
WiiiJfton  Church,  altera  lions  at,  65 

—  Saxon  cross  at,  64 

Wluterfiuiily,  inonumetits  of  the,  302 
WifUriH^ham,  old  house  at,  530 
Wiaiom  of  Solomon,  tllumiinitcd,  670 
WiBsaut,  excavations  at,  488 
Withhvrija's  tomh,  at  Dert-ham.  534 
Witieriny  Church,  chancel  at,  26 1 

architecture  ol*  275 

WoUaston,  Church  of  St.  James,  consecra- 
tion of,  539 
Wood,  Antony  ^,  CorT<»poudeuce  of,  370, 
621 

Enqramny,  Early  History  of,  292 

Woodcrojt- house,  fourteenth  century,  385 
Woi-cffiter  Cathedra/,  discovery  at,  427 

— — — -  r»^^tonitio>i  of,  651 

WorecMtershire  ArvhUectural  Society,  ex- 
cursion by,  301 

annual  meeting  of,  539,  6S1 

Wroxeler  Excavations,  342 

brouze  instruioeot  found  at,  67 

Wyatt,  Lady,  anoc*lot4j  of,  287 
Wiicliffe,  Birth-place  i.f.  422,  656 
Wftiicomhe,  fortidcntion9  at,  416 
York^  antiquities  found  at,  17S 

excuvMtinns  at.  177 

—  St,  Maty' a  CAftireA,  gravestone  from, 

423 
'^ — -   Museum,  collection  of  antiquitiei 

prrsentcil  to,  652 
Yorkshire  Jnoentor^,  A,V,  1603.  624 

Phitosoj^hical  Society,  mcetingi^ 


176,  652 


4q 


IN'DEX  TO  XAMES. 


Including  Birils,  Ifarria^es,  and  Deaths. — The  longer  artUiet  <^f  I>eaih9  mrm 
entered  in  the  preceding  Index  to  Estatft,  dfc. 


Abbot,  F.  J.  80 
Abbott,  E.  C.  675; 

F.  M. 437  ;  J.  U4  ; 

T.  693 
Abercroinbr,      Hrn. 

Lad  J,  67^ 
Abinger,    Rt.    Hon. 

K.  C.    S.    Baron, 

2U 
Abraham,  Hon.  Mrs. 

554 
Ack«  r»,  B.  St.  J.  676 
A'Court.    Hon.    W. 

L.  H.  558 
Acton,  CapL  W.  M. 

C.3I8 
Adams  J.  H.  214; 

M.  436;   R.  672; 

R.  S. 676 
Adain«;on,   Mrs.   W. 

R.  43t 
Adains-Rcilly,  F.  C. 

55S 
Addington,        Hon. 

Mr*.  L.  314 
Addison,  K.  559 
ApK*  \V.  67S 
Aii.Hwortli.A.B.435 
Airlic,  C'te^sof.  105 
Aitchison.  Ladv,r»75 
Aiiken,  Mrs.  W.  D. 

78 
Alcork,A.675;  Mrs. 

215 
Ald.rson,MrR.E.434 
Aldworth,  J.  501 
Alexander,   H.  578  ; 

R   218 
Ali  Khan,  N.T.  193 
Alltn,    Lt.-Col.    G. 

Cf)8;    Mrs.  A.  T. 

433 
Allen,.!.  A.  559  ;  J. 

T.  3:J2;  T.  \V.435 
Allinson,  E.  97 
Allix.  M.  E.  572 
Allsopp.Mrs.  Il..f33 
Alport,  M.  A.  571 
AUton,  E.  G.  675; 

E.  M.  5'JO;   M.C. 

197;  W.  V.  438 
Amphlett,  J.  6<)8 
Audcrdon,  H.  316 


Ander«on,   C.   436; 

H.L.96;Lt.Col. 

A.  C.  97 
Andrews,    Mrs.    W. 

555 
Anpel!,  E.  456 
Annesbrook,  Mrs.  S. 

H.  S.315 
Anne.«IeT,    Hon.   C. 

A.  J.G.  r'4 
An«ell.Mr».G.  F.  78 
Anson, Mrs. 78;  Mrs. 

F.  314;   Mrs.  T. 

A.  433 
Anstf-y,  A.  210;  M. 

C.  H.  675 
Anstic^,  Mrs.  J.  314 
Anstruther,  L.  320 
Antrobus  G.  C.  94; 

Mrs.  H   L.  314 
Archer,  Mrs,  F.  B. 

314 
Ark  Wright,  Mrs.  G. 

557 
Armstronjf,  A.   79 ; 

J.    560;    Maj.    T. 

455 
Arnivtajre.  Col  695 
Anu.'ld.  Mr8.C.T.434 
Artis,  Mrs.  456 
Ashe,  I.  558 
Ashley, Lady  M.  456 
Ashton,  S.  677 
Anhworth,  G.  95 
Aj^plen.  G.  W.  560 
Atchinson,  G.  98 
Atchison,    Capt.    G. 

T.  H. 571 
Ather»tone,M.C.l  96 
Atherton,  E.N.  672; 

SirW.  194 
Atkins,  Mrs.  R.  W. 

314 
Atkin>on,Maj.J.  94; 

T.  W.  C38,  453 
Atlav.  E.  M.  438 
Af  field,  W.  571 
Atiwood,  A.  338 
Attye,  L.  438 
Au'ertin,  P.  691 
Anchinuty,  Gen.  Sir 

S.  B.  193 
Austin,  H.  577 


Avles'brd,  C'tess  of, 

433 
AyImtr,J.E.F.  316 
Avt  un,  Mrs.  I.  K- 

'6*^7 
Ba  khouse.G.M  437 
Bai.e'icy,  Mrc  314 
Badger,' B.  575,  576 
Bat:ot.  Lady,  314 
Bailev.Hon'.J.  R.79; 

Mre.195;  Mrs.AL 

B.074 
Baii!ic.n.98:  E.  M. 

432:  J.  319;  Mrs. 

H.   78;     Mrs.  J. 

W.  315 
Baillie  -   Hamilton, 

Maj.  Hon.  R.  316 
Baily.  W.  316 
Bairl, J. S. 93 ;  Mrs. 

G.  5  ■;5 
Baker.Col.W.E.I94; 

C.  W.571  ;  H.  D. 
F. 319;  J.  P.  198; 
J.T.9h  LadvL. 
A.  572;  Mrs!  A. 
195;  Mrs.  F.  M. 
555;   Mrs.  S.  556 

Baldock.Mr8.R.555, 

R.  696 
Bally hi(Tne,  E.  de  C. 

de,  80 
Balston,  T.  676 
Barber,  A.  H.  578 
Barclay,  A.  W.  «7  ; 

D.  215;  Mrs.  J. 
G.557;  R.  573 

Barinjr,  C.  672 ;  Dr. 

C.  432 
Barker,  Col.  Sir  G. 

R.453;  LR.  81 
Barlow,  C.455;  Mrs. 

A.  195 
Barnes,  G.  C.  213 ; 

Mrs.  G.  C.  194; 

Mrs.  P.  315 
Birnett,  R.  L.  819 
Barr,  B.  S.  678 
Barrett,  E.  576;  J. 

B  561  ;  W.  678 
Barron,    H.    P.    T. 

554 
Burrow,  G.  C.  816; 


Lt.-CoL    J.   675; 
Mt».  C.  674 

Barrow-s  W.  W.698 
Barrr.  Miss  H.  95 
Bartborp,  A.  316 
Bartlett,    K.    B.    L. 

562 ;  J.  691 
Bartley.  Maj.  G.578 
Barton,  Mr^.E.  t>T5; 

Mrs.    H.  C.  314; 

Mrs.  R.  G.  557 
Barwell,    A.   H.    & 

658  ;  C.  D.  557 
Bass,  £.  B.  ^2 
Basurd,  B.  J.P.  563*; 

L.677 
Bate,  J.  697 
Bateman,  T.  455 
Bateson,  Mrs.  315 
Bather,  A.  H.  436 
Bathurst,  C.  215  ;  J. 

A.  335 
Batson,  S.  R.  435 
Batt,  W.  F.  561 
Batty,  R.  B.  3.^2 
Batiye,  Mrs.  M.  195 
Bay  ley,  K.  C.  93 
Bavlis,  £.  691 
Bayly,     Mr*.     674; 

Mrs.  H.  £.  555 
Baynes,  C.  C.  C.  320 
Baxeley,  W.  562 
Bazcly.  M.  H.  677 
Beadon,  I.  S.  558 
Bean,  M.  J.  215 
Beauchamp,    F.    M, 

558  ;  S.  E.  678 
Bcauclerk,  Lord  C. 

695 
Beavan,  Mrs,  J.  G, 

433 
Bedford,  C.StC.  318; 

Mrs.  G.  A.  556 
Bedingfeld.H.D.561 
Beeston,  M.  320 
Begum,  H.  H.N.  S. 

193 
Belcher,  M.  697 
Belgravc.  H.  438 
Bell,  A.  435,   578 ; 

Col.  H.    H.  693; 

L.St.J.453:Mn. 

A.H.  674;T.  692 


^H 

Index  to  Namei. 

^^^^Tl^^^^H 

BelU,  G.Vicomtei^e 

B!acket,Mn.H,  434 

Boteler,  H.  454 

L,   195;    Mrs.                    ^^H 

(!«5  Torre,  78 

BUi^klock,  E.F.438 

Bouirhion,  F.  St.  J. 

A.  673  ;  K.  98                    ^^^M 

Bellew,  E,  M.  557 

BUckwetl.  E.J,  80 

317 

Brooks,  C.  437  ;  J.              ^^H 

Belitiore,Rarlof.320j 

Bla^den,  Mrs.  H.  C. 

BouUon,  T,  332 

695                                      ^^H 

J,  CounlCNSof,  3;il 

314 

Bourohier,  Mrs.  554 

Brothf  rtnn,  Gen.  Sir               ^^^H 

Be  finer,  R.  K.  r»58 

Blugfove,  E.  197 

B"t)rkf,  Lady  G.  S. 

T.  W.  193                                  ^M 

Bennett,  E.  M.  H>9  : 

BU.iiie,  SirT.  574 

214 

BrnujsrTiton,    H.     K                      ^H 

ILL.  HO;  S.  A.80 

Bluir.C.  11.676  J  R. 

Boi»ver1e.Moj.  P.  A. 

SIS;    Mrs.   E.  J.                      ^B 

Bcnnie.  J.  N.  198 

455 

318 

P.  315                                            ^B 

Binithimi,  Mrs.  457 

Blake,  Mrs.  L.  195  ; 

Bow  den,  Mr».  C.  E. 

Brounlie,  C.  S.  98                          ^H 

Benritick,  Mr».G.  C, 

Mra,    P.   556  ;  P. 

433;  R,  B.  538 

Brown,  A.   109;    C.                       ^M 

78 

W;  691 

Bower,  Mr*J8;Mrs, 

O.   319;  E.  561;                         ^M 

Benyon.A.  W.677; 

BUker,  Mm.  E.  196 

E.  C.314 

F.320;  P.M.  199{                        .^1 

M.  317 

BlakiitGii,  B.H.562; 

Bowlby.  E.  S.  317; 

J.  W.  94  ;  Mrs.  A.                j^^H 

Berc^fofd,  Mn.J.  B. 

Mrs.   11.  M,  .^14; 

Mrs.  555 

^^^H 

675 

Mfj*.  M.  F.  5^.6 

Bowley.  A.  E.  577 
Box.  E.  558,  561 

Browne.  A.  C.  678  ;              ^^^H 

Berkeley,    Lucly    C. 

Blandiard,  W.  673 

A.  W.  693  ;  F.  N.              ^^H 

7fi;Vice-Aam,Rl* 

Bland,  n.  J.  335 

Boyd,  F.  M.  558 

561  :    Majur-Gen*              ^^^H 

Hon.  Sir  M.  F.  F. 

Blandflird.  H.W.502 

Bu>dell,  M.ti76 

W.  J.  320;    Mn.              ^^^M 

19:i,  313 

Bleiikins,  Mr«.G.E. 

Boyle,  H<>ii.  Mr*.G. 

M.  433:  Mrs.  St,              ^^H 

Berimrd,  S.  E.  82 

557 

F.  675 

J.  315;  S.  M.445              ^^H 

Bern  ay  8,  Mrs.  E.  A* 

BliKh,   R.    M,  82  r 

Bov8.  M.338;  Mrs. 

Brpwniiij^,  E.  2l5                    ^^^^H 

556 

Mr^  195 

H.  433 

Brown low^  Hon,  E.              ^^^^H 

Bcrrington,  A.  D.81 

BlmiifieM,  L.R436; 

Bract?.  S.  L.  199 

^^^M 

Berry,  J.    W,    561; 

?klrs,   F.  G.  315  J 

Bradley,  C.  E.  560 

BrownrTu%M.M.675              ^^^H 

W.  551 

Mrs.  0.  J.  78 

Brad*tock,  C.M.557 

Bruce,  J.  C  98  ;  Lt.-               ^^^M 

Bertie,  Hon.Mrt.  43  S 

Blutiddl,  T.332 

Brndy,  H.  320 

Col    F.    F.    97;             ^^H 

BeSAot,  W.  H,  8*2 

BhiKt,   A.   436  J    J. 

Braidwood,  J.  21* 

Mr^.  H,  A.   195i              ^^M 

Betltum,  E.  33  1 

694;    Mrs,  C,  H. 

Ur^nder,  T.C  697 

Mrs.R  13i;Vice.                      ^H 

Betlell.    H«n.   Mrt, 

673 

Bfrtndreth,  Mr*^.  5^6 

Adiii.  U.  W.  193                 ^^H 

Sji7+|SirR.lS»3, 

Blyth,  M.  F.  A.  698 

Bmttmiite,  F.  G.  C. 

BrvAii»,  H«  95                        ^^^H 

IH 

Bnckt-U,  A.  C.  317 

3iO 

Buck,  Dr.  317  ;    E.              ^^H 

Bev*u,MrK.W,L,674 

Bodp,  Mrs,  ari95 

Br«vingtoii,  M.   W. 

^M 

Brvrrley,  II,  43tf 

Body,  M,  S.  560 

560 

Buckinfsliam&Clian*                       ^^M 

Beviin  M.  C.  82 

Bolm,  E.  8.  458 

Bra)'.  Mrs.E.W,  673 

dos  Duke  of,  336                       ^M 

Btwes    E.  P.  198  J 

Bohun,  C.  F.  95 

Brcadalbane,     Mjir- 

Buikle,  .M.  213                                ^M 

Mrv  314 

Boilcaii,  J,  E.  576; 

ch  onc^s  off  455 

Buckniaii,  Mrfi.  77                           ^H 

Bey,  T.  578 

M.  H.  435 

Breiian.T.  H.A.320 

Butkner,  C.  676                              ^M 

Beyr*,  H  N,  D  103 

BokMt^r,  Mrs.  P.  H. 

Brereion,  M*tj,-Gtn. 

Hmh^n,  T  98                          __^^ 

Bicker^tetl^  Mri.  T. 

674 

W.  193 

Bull,  A.  L  n.  561                  ^^H 

P.  554 

Bohon,  M.  E.  435  j 

Breti,  E.  D.  458 

Budnek,  Mr^.  W.  78              ^^^H 

Bickneli,  E-  C*  109  j 

Mrt.  J    L.  673 

Brttle,  P.  E.  H.  197 

Bulreel.  Hon.  M.  77               ^^H 

IL  H.aiOj  L.  C. 

Boiijir.  A.  320 

Britlsc  Mrs.  L.  194 

Bnnee,  E.  6!»4                          ^^^H 

3t8 

Bond,    C.  677  ;    H. 

Uridgenian,\V.F.+56 

Hurler,    .\lr%  C.  S.              ^^^H 

Bidaell,  Mrs.  A.  J. 

R.  436  J    Lt.    M. 

Bri  !gi*,  Sir  11.  694 

^^H 

1115 

571  ;   Mr,,  J,   W. 

Brid^'inan,  M,  81 

Burge,  B.  H.aie                    ^^H 

Bia.tJc'W,  A.  197 

Mc  f.  194 

BriHckmmn,    T.    H, 

Dur^rKR,   J.    R.  93  {                  ^^^^H 

Bid'<weir,  M.  E.  562 

Bnnliitn,  J.  215 

199 

^^^H 

Biclwell,  Mn.  C.  T. 

Bonner,  A,  T.  554 

Brind,  C.  558 

BnrK'h,  F.  de,  677                    ^^^H 

67* 

Boodle,  Mr*.  A,  79 

Briar,  Mrs.  J.  G.  196 

Burircin,  Mr^.  H.  M.              ^^H 

Bm|?li»m»W,  B,320; 

Bookci,  T.  W.  198 

Briscoe.  E.  J.  80 

^^H 

W,  P.  S.  81 

Booili,  Cftpt,W.560; 

Broadhurist,  J,  458 

Bi4rtiey,  M.  S.  199                        ^M 

Birch,  C.  690 

M.8.  G.  673 

BrcK'k,  C.  M.  560 

Burnham.  Mrs.CEI.               ^^H 

Biron,  E.  S.  80 

Buotv,    A,  437|   F. 

Brockedrtn.  A.M.575 

^^H 

Bi*lwp,Conim.  Gen, 

£,437 

Brocklcb^nk,  R.  336 

Burmrd,  L.  198                     ^^^H 

SS8;   F.   320;   F. 

Borla^^e.  T.  J.  197 

Brodcriji,  0.  G.  560 

Bimuw.T.i53-;  Ven.              ^^^H 

A,M.3I8;  G.98 

Borradaile,  Col.   A, 

Brodhur«t,   E.  335; 

^^^M 

Bi,«c,  C.  575 

213 

F,  438;   Mrs.  W. 

Burrows  Mrs.  Srt^*,               ^^^^H 

Bi^stt,  M,  81 

Bosanquct,    A,   79; 

IL  79 

Mrs.  H,  W.  55a                    ^^H 

Bittle^toa,  Ladjt  314 

A.  E.  80;  C.  80; 

Brodie,  Lady  A.  218 

Burt,  B.  677                           ^^^H 

BUck,  E.  P.  BliH. 

E.  L,560j  H.A. 

Bradrit!k,Hon.G.93; 

BurTon.Mrs.1l.43*;                     ^^1 

S,  695  :  M.  436 

437 

Mrs.  T.  196 

.s.P.572;S.S.  559                    ^H 

Blackburn,  A*  «>95 

Bo»ion,  Hon.  A.  F, 

Bruntu.  P,  93 

Burv,  F.  C.  559                            ^H 

lilciokburwe,  M.   G. 

316 1  Ui«ht  Hon. 

Brooke.  J.    B.  196: 

Blithe,   J.  S.   193 1                      ^M 

J.  67(1 

Lord,  317 

h  N,  819;    Lady 

Mrs.  556                                     ^H 

713  Index  to  Namek. 

Bushell,  Mn.  J.  M.  Cut,  M.  213;  Mm  Christian,  F.W.  i37;  Coleridge,  Mrs. A.  B. 

196  E.315;  IL96             Hon.  Mn.  J.  315          555;  Mn.A.J.19i 

Bushinnn,    Mn.    J.  Carrington,  Mn.  G.  Christie,  C.  C.  332 ;  Coles,     £.    S.   676; 

G.  673  79;  11.  C.  82               Mn.  T.  C.  675              H.B.dI3;Mn.a 

Buss  Mni.S.  5)6  Carter,  G.  H.  572;  Church,  C.  M.  199          434;   Mn.  E.  N. 

Butcher.  Mrs.M.  555  M.  L.  316  ;  Mn.  Clancy,  R.  97                   195  ;    Mra.  W.  a 

Butler.    E.  T.  676;  R.  O.  433;   Mrs.  Clarendon,   Eari  of,        77 

M.  95;    Maj.    E.  W.  E.  D.  556               194,554  Collett,    A.  T.   576, 

675;  Mrs.  W.  314;  Carthew,  G.  96  Clark.  A.  437 ;    H.        696;    Miss  £.  A. 

P.    317:    Sir    T.  Cartwright,  J.  576           457;    Mrs.    555;        458 

697  ;  T.  578  Carv.  Hon.  Mrs.  B.        Mn.  R.  554 ;  W.  Collin,  J.  691 

Butt,  Mrs.  J.  A.  314  556                                334  Coringrdon,  MrsL  W. 

Buttemer,  G.  M.  T.  Castle,  A.  G.  P.  453;  Clarke,  C.  M.  678;        J.  555 

218  C.  318                           C.  W.  B.  80;  E.  Collins,  B.  437 

Butts,  Mrs.  F.J.  194  Caswell,  R.  C.  334         457  j  H.  691;  J.  CoUinaon.  E.G.  333 ; 

Buxton,  S.  G.  436  Cater,  Mn.  572               456 ;   Mrs.  F.  K.        S.  A.  436 

Byford,  W.  577  Cathcart.  H.  J.  338         674;  Mrs.  T.  315  Coliison,  C.  M.436; 

Byng,Hon.W.F.320  Caulfeild,    Yen.    C.  Clarkson,  C.  J.  A.  93        W.  T.  320 

Bvron,  S.  338  672  Cleatlier,  S.  F.  676  CoUycr,  W.  693 

Cabell,  AV.  L.  438  Cavendish,  Lady  E.  Cleaveland,  LU-Col.  Colomb,  M.  197 

Calder,  F.  197  674 ;  M.  B.  215          S.  574  Colt,  F.  H.  437 

Caley,  R.  L.  690  Cavour,  Count,  97  Clement,  G.  W.  698  CoMn,    A.   J.  573; 

Calhoun,  T.  G.  453  Cawood,  J.  W.  338  Clerk,  Sir  G.  R.  193        Mrs.   B.    B.  555  ; 

Caliaghan,  J.  T.  F.  Cecil.  A.  E.  B.  575  ;  Cleugh,  E.  S.  80             Mrs.  B.  W.  433 

77  Lady  M.  F.  559  Cleveland.  W.  578  Colville,  Hon.  C.  D. 

Callcott,  M.  S.  319  Chadwick,  Mrs.  674  Clifford,  Hon.  Mrs.        559 

Calley,  Mrs.  H.  673  Chalinen,  Mrs.O.L        H.  H.  674  Conibe,C.677;  Miss, 

Calthorpe,    Hon.  F.  19i  Ciift,  J.  S.  313                 337;  M.  H.B.319 

B.  A.  198  Chambers,  C.  J.  O.  Clifton,  Gen.  Sir  A.  Combermere,     Vise 
Calvert,  F.  L.  559 ;  559;  E.  562                B.   193;    M.  W.        432 

R.  320  Chambres,  R.  197 ;        94;  R.  C.  332  Comer,  Mrs.  T.  434 

Cameron,  G.  L.678;  W.  C.  335  Clissold,  H.  316  Comins,  W.  W.  320 

J.    Mc    L.    693;  Champ,  M.  A.  217  Clive,  S.  H.  80  Compton,    J.     198; 

Maj.  675  Champney.T.  N.698  Clonmell,  F.  U.  337        Lady  W.  674  ; 

Campbell,  A.S.  562  ;  Chaplin,  H.  199  Clough,  A.  H.  697  Compton  -  Lundie, 

C.  318;  Col.  575;  Chapman,    E.    199;  Clowes,   G.  G.   82;         M.  M.  98 

H.  576 ;  H.  L.  82 ;  E.  M.  1 99 ;  L.  M.        H.  A.  676  Congdon,  E.  572 

Mrs.  E.   C.  556;  197;  Mrs.  T.  W.  Clutlerbuck,J  S.    H.  Conington,  R.  571 

Mrs.  J.  T.  314;  674;  R.   194;  T.        320  Connell,    Mra.   554, 

Rt.  Hon.  J.  Lord,  690;  T.  A.  436;  Clyde,Gen.Lord,193        673 

98  W.    H.   571;   W.  Coare,  G.  696  Connolly,  Gen. W.H. 

Campion.  M.G.560;  S.  213  Coates,  W.  U.  561           214 

Mrs.  H.  195  Chappel,  Mrs.  W.  P.  Cobbold,  Mrs,  R.  H.  Connop,  Lt.-Col.  fl. 

Camps,  R.  T.  337  315                                 674                                458 

Canning,    Wu   Hon.  Chard,  M.  H.  678  Cochrane,  D.C.  561 ;  Conolly,  H.  H.  575 ; 

C.  J.  Karl,  193  Charieton,  E.  1.319         W.  E.  94                       Mn.  M.  J.  315 

Cannon,  Mrs.  555  Cliase,    Mrs.   C.  F.  Cockayne,  O.  572  Considine,  J.  432 

Carden,  C.  F.  438  434  Cockbum,  G.  W.  80  ConsUble,  Mrs.  C.B. 

Cardweli,  Rt   Hon.  Chaytor,  A.  M.  218  Cockell,Lt  E.D.453        434 

E.  194,313  Cheales,  Mn.  A.  B.  Cocker,  Mrs.  J.  556  Conynghan»,      Dow. 

Carew,  A.  F.  Lady,  bUS  Cockerton,  R.  B.  332        Marchioness       of, 

97  Cheapo,  R.  C.  457  Cockin,  J.  692                  577; Lady C.A.I99 

Carey,   E.    198;   E.  Chester,  Mrs.   673;  Cocks,  H.  B.  317  Cook,  A.  C.  98;    F. 

C.338;F.  318;  Mrs.  C.  556  Co(ldington,J.G.435        D.  319 

Lt.    R.  578;    M.  Chetwode,  E.  A.  98  Codrington,  A.  M.  C.  Cooke,  Comm.  J.  M. 

215;  Mrs.  A,  H.  Chetwjml,  Vise.  558        435                                691;    J.  H.  456; 

434  Childs,  C.  W.  198  Coffin,  J.  N.  697             S.  571 

Carlisle.  Capt.A. 320  China,  Emperor  of,  Colarte,  Don  M.  432  Cookson,  M.  677 

Carmarthen,      Mar-  691  Colby.Maj  H.A.214  Coomarasaxny,      M, 

chioness  of,  674  ChiHholme,  Mrs.  R.  Cole,  A.  559  ;   F.  C.        194 

Came,    F.   81,  196;  S.  433                            560;  F. E.G. 436;  Cooper,  D.  S.  697; 

W.  97  Chittenden,  Mrs.  T.       Mrs.  T.  H.  6h6            Mn.  A.  78 ;  Mrs. 

Carne^rie,  M.  694  K.  434  Colehrooke,     Lady,        555;  T.  319;    W, 

Carpendalc,    E.    F.  Cholmondeley,  Hon.       556                               R.  A.  569 

571 ;  W,  H.  81  Mrs.  314  Colepeper,  J.S.  217  Corbet,  Lady,  3U 


/nWoB  to  Nttme$. 


713 


n 


Corl>ett,  Mr*.  E.77j 

Mr*.  E,  79 
Corfield,  Mrf •  W.  R, 

3  Li 
Corner,  C.  C.  572 
Cornwutl,  Mra.  ti73 
Corrie,MrK.  E*S.^55 
Corry,  0.  43-5 
Cory  1011.  A,  «0 
Co*cii!i,W.  B.  690^ 
Costfllo»  Mrs.  J.  E. 

ti74 
Cotton.  B.T.  81  ;  M. 

CoulthuTst.J.N.aaS 
Couran,  Miss  K.  218 
Court.  E,  S.  438 
Cotirtenttv,i.A.311l; 

T.  R  97 
Courihorpp,  M.  456 
Courtney,  E.  M.43(j 
Conchiiijiii,  Mrs.  E. 

H.  tt73 
Cowm.  J.  570 
Cowfjcr,  H.A.  77 
Cox,  K.  5G2  J    F.  E. 

4.^7  ;    Mr*.  C.  W. 

315i  Mrs,  F.  315; 

Mr*.  S.  SHi  M. 

S,  M.  95:   N.  193 
Cribbc,  Mrs.  B.  196 
Cram,  M.  IPS 
Cramp  ton,  Capt  P, 

n.  32(» 

Cmven,  Mnj,  96 
Crauford,    D.    691; 

J.  M.79j  Lt.S.C, 

453;  Mn.J.AJ9; 

Mr*.    R.   F.   78i 

W.  S.  578 
Crawley,  C.  (i78 
Crawshay.  C   670 

reasr,  IL  P.P.  315 
Creed,  H.  571 
Crerar,  J,  190 
Crea^wetl.S.  G,  80 
Civwe,  L.  H.  657 

riilUtid*  A.  E.  3t8 
"Cr»pp«,  H.li90;  Mr«. 

J.  U,  557 
Crocker,  II.  It  557 
Crofloii,  Lt,.Cg|.  11. 

D.  457 
Croker.  L»A,M.3I»; 

R.  557 
Crtimartic,  C  E,  557 

rook,  E.  H.   137 

rnia,  Mrs.  J.  433  ; 

Mrs,  W.  196 
Cro*tc,C.676;L«dy 

M.  5 J5 
Crokiinan,  Mr*.  195 
Crowr,   K.  J  97;    F. 

H.  t)72 
Cruifc,  H.  R.  678 


CuVitf,R98;  F.  A. 

562 ;  Sir  W,  577 ; 

W.  313 
CiiflV.  SirC.  W,  197 
Cumlirrlege,  Mr*.  C. 

195 
Cummlnji,    J.    457, 

69 J  ;  Mr*,  A,  78 
Curi» mills,  Mrs.  H.I. 

431 
Clin  nglianne,C.572; 

Mrs.      D.      194 ; 

MAJ.-Gen.  D-  456 
Cufiuingbam,  J,  W. 

571 
Cure,  Mri.  L.C.434; 

Mrs.  R.  C.  674 
Cnrrie,   J,   A.   333; 

Mrs.  B.  434 
Curleis»  Mrs.  H.  M. 

78  i  T.  332 
CurtU.    A.   S.   697; 

F.  T.  437  ;  W.  H. 

573 
Curzon,  E.  A.  458, 

CuRack,  J.  W.  672, 

691 
Cutler.  E.  A.  438 
Ciiyler,  C.  If ,  J.  194 
D*Atrtln    C.  H.  82; 

Mrs.  N.  n,  78 
Dalby,  C/ipl.  iiO 
Dale,  F.S.82;  Mrs. 

L.  W.  T.  675 
DaHton,  Mm.  J.  B. 

Daltry.  Mra.  T,  W, 

674 
Daly,  J.  G.  557  J  Sir 

0.672 
DancUber^^  H.  672 
Daniell,  J.   J.  562  ; 

Mrs.   C,   J.    194; 

Mrs.  G,  F.  195 
Daidwood,  Hon.  G. 

458 ;  Sir  G.  458, 

573 
Drtuli*ny,Mr^.J.434 
Di*v«?iiport,D.E,438; 

Mr*.  J.  L.78 
D«vid»on,G.  M.  438 
Davics,  E.  485,  458, 

576;    J.  690:   M. 

31«l:    Mrs.  J.  L. 

556 
Davis,    C.    D.    695; 

F.  E.  316;    F.J, 

562 
DavUon,  Hon.  Mrs. 

P.  691 
Davy.G^iSS;  W.T. 

677 
D.iw.    C.  U.  T.  W. 

560 


Dawei,  Mrs.  C.  M. 
314 

DawsontMaj.G.  577; 

W.695 
D«y,    CapL  J.  453; 

C.  E.  336j  H.  T. 
571  ;  Mrs,  E.  674 

Deakiii,  J.  562 
Deal  try,  T.  B,677 
Deane,  A.  A.   437? 

Mr!*.  F.  11.  674 
Decks,  Lddy,  S^Q 
Deedes,  W.  317 
Delniar,  M.  437 
Denisonj     Hon.     A. 

199;  Mora,  U.  199; 

M.  94 
Dennis,  E.  94,  578  ; 
Dei.t,  T,  W.  J.  436 
De  Pledge,   Mra.  J, 

P.  195 
Derby,  E.  ^f.  81 
De    Sails,    Mrs.    H. 

431 
De  Sau§m«re9t,  A.  L. 

455;  Mrs.  H.  78 
Deaborottgli,    A.    C* 

577;  CapLC.457 
Des  Voeu3t,C.L.  317 
Devcrcnx,  CupL  W. 

R  691 
Devlne.  P,  J.SIS 
Devon,    A.    M.   98; 

Earl  of.  194 
Dew,  E.  L'E.  576 
Dtwar,  J.  W.  218 
Di-whursr,  G.  B.  82 
Dick,  E.  M.  D.  435 
Uickin,  E.  S.  558 
Dickins,  Mrs.  W.  P. 

435 
Dickinson,    C,  559, 

572;  F,560;Mr«, 

D,  555  J    W-   H. 
320 

Dickon^onp  H.  214 
Dickson,  C.  436;  M, 

A.437;  MX  198; 

Maj.    198;     Mra. 

G.  D.  W.675 
Digby,  Lt,-Col.  J.  A. 

82;  Mi-s.J.D.W. 

315 
DIm*dftl«*,  F,  E.  435 
DisoTi.  J.  C.  R.  199 
Disraeli.  R.  320 
Dixie,  A.  198 
Dixon.  IL  A. F.  320; 

J.690:  J.  T.T.  95 
Dodg*0H,Mr8.W.O. 

5^fi 
Doinvitc,  Sir  C.  196 
Donald,  A.  571 
Donne,    C.    E.   81  ; 

E. 575;  R.J.  317 


Dofcbester,Rt  Hod* 

Udy,  97 
Dormer,  Hon,  J.  C. 

560 
D*Or»ey,  L.  M.  81 
Douglas,  A.  675  ;  £. 

318;  Gen.  Sir  H. 

697:  H.M.D.557; 

LatJySJ95;Lady 

M.96;  Mrs.E,94i 

S.  217;  W,  437 
Dnw,  A.  437 
Dowding,  F.  456 
DoweO,    Mrs.    314; 

Lt.  H.J,  94 
Dowson,  L.  317 
Doxat,  Mrs.  C.  438 
Doyne,  P.  W.  690 
DralTcn,  Mrs.  673 
Drage,  F.  557 
Drnke.  Capt  J.  C.T. 

434  ;    E.  A.  578  ; 

Lieuu-Col.  J,  U, 

334 
Drap«?8,  V.  R.  558 
Drayton,  L.  E.  676 
DreMng,C«pt.  C  3)3 
Drew,  A.  A.  W.  558; 

A.M. 95;  A.M.N. 

320  r    C.  A.  79; 

M.  558 
Druui.mond,      Capt. 

Hon.    J.   R.   77; 

Hun.  .Mrs.  E.  315; 

Hon.  Mrs.R.433i 

Mrs.  R.  5h5 
Dmrv.  E.  A.  572; 

Maj.  \h  438 
Dii    Boulav,   W.  T. 

67S 
Dut'kie,  R,  690 
Dudley,  J.  C,319 
Dut^  Mra,  M.  E.  O* 

77 
Duffbrin,  Lord,  77 
Duke,    A.   M.   198; 

Mrs.  E.  674 
Dnmergue,  M.  557 
Duncombe,C.A.575; 

G.  F.  435  ;    T,  S. 

697 
Dundaa,     M.     215 ; 

Vice-Adra.  Sir  R. 

S.  96 
Duulop,C.ipt.H.482; 

R.  H.  W.  317 
Dunn,  E.  215,  559; 

G.  562  ;    H.  J-  B, 

98;    M.  C.  320, 

559 
Duni:e,  E.  M.  80 
Duuolly.  J.  L.  313 
Dupui».Mrs,G.R.79 
Durnnd,  Col.  H.  M. 

194 


714 


Index  to  Name$^ 


Darham,Bp«of;332;    Etshs,   A.  M.  98;    FinCluvnee,  A.578 
Capt.J.5r6:G.F.    FitzGenld,  J.  S20 
67»>:    H.  L.  316;    Finzrr.Id.    A.     H. 


672 
DL'rban,  E.  H.  A. 

Du  Verr.et,  W.4.57 
D\er,H/J*;  JJ.215 
D'^ke.  L.  A.  f»6 

Ijjk*«.  Mri.  F.L.  B.    KTereit,  R.  J.  578 
'5->-5  Ererl*!,  S.  A.  »*77 

Dymok*,  E.  J.  320 


J.  S   R.  Wu;    M. 
J.  d.:9:    Mra.  C 
50'>  ;   O.  6[*o 
Ere.  H.  82 


Dyri.oiid,  W.  p.  019    Ev-nr.  A.  M.  678 

Ea:n'.r.  L.  C.  tVJi        d'Evncourt.  Rciion. 

EaAt.ak»,  H.E.  o61 

Eastii:an,  Z.  072 

Ea'-ton,  M.  137 

Eaon,  G.  T.  317 

Edfeii,  C  nt.  C.  77 ; 

E.  S.  8i:  F.672; 

H^n.      A.     5.5 


56*J;     Maj.    197: 
M.  A.  578 
Fx'zherbcrt,  Mrs.  B. 
674 

Fitz  Maurice,     Hon. 
H.  W.  437 
Erers,  Mr».<;.R.674    Filzpatrick.     J.    C. 
IHK     ZlO;    Mn. 
R.  W.  433 
C.  T.  21S  FirzRov,    Lady    F. 

Ejre,  n.9S;T.J  80        535 
E\«<en.  Mrs.  G.  434    FiizSimou-Symons 
Fab  r,  A.  M.  562  F.  A.  1*6 

Fa^idv.  M.  94  Fletcher,  E.  J.  319  ; 

Fairfax. K.M.S.  438;        H.97:  J- 677:  J. 
M-  B  578  W.  458;  T.  57S 

Hori.Mr^.78:Mr8.    Fane,  Mr*.  J. A. 1 95;    Fleurv,  E.  1 .  559 
F.  M.  673  W.  D.  .'18  Flower.  Hou.  W.  S. 

Edgar,  E.  R.  571         Farmer,  Capt.  316  197 

E':gcurobc,   W.    H.    FamaSy.LadvE.455    Fluder,  E.  A.  677 

673  Farren,  W.  573  Fo'.kvd.  G.  M.  553 

Edimann,  T.  E.  196    Farrer,  J.693;  Mn.    Foley,  J.  H.  H.  698; 
Edmunds,  P.  452  F.  W.  674  R.  93 

Edwardet,  F.  218        Farqubarsoo,      CoL    Foijambe,  T.  676 
Edwards.  E.  H.438  ;        P.  697  Follert,  H.  G.  2 1 8 

Mrs.E.  195:  Mrs.    Fauchey,    P.   C.  J.    Fonblanque,   C.   de, 
C.A.674;W.M.561        80  557 

Ecker»all,  F.  S.  678    Faulkner,  M.  A.  558    Fonnereaii,    T.    N. 
Eckley,  J.  677  Faussett,  S.  95  80 

Ejfaii,  H.  W.M.  318    FaTell,  A.  S.  197         Fcord-Bowet,  T.  F. 
£);erton,  Capt  199      Fearon,  D.  P.  197  571 

Eglintnn,Earlor,575    Fp'"en,  G.  J.  318       Foote,  Mrs.  H.   G. 
Eidridge,  G.  J.  316     F.  II,  H.  F.  691  675  ;  T.  213 

Elem,    E.   H.   197;    Fellowes,    Mrs.   W.    Forbes.    Hon.   Mrs. 
R.  676  A.  315  H.  433;  Lady,  79; 

Elgee.  Mrs.  C.  79        Fellows,  A.  561  Mrs.   H.  555  ;  S. 

Eliot,  E.  690;   Hon.    Fei:ne»sv,  C.  M.436       318;  Sir  J.  697 

W.  G.  C.  672  Fenroii,  G.  M.318       Ford.  A.  F.  677;  A. 

Elkin^'ton,  A.  G.  81    Fenwick,  L».-Col.  P.        L.  558 ;  Capt.  M. 
Ellicombe.C  R.  199        199:  .Mr.  J.  695  97;  F.  81;   F.J. 

Elliott,  (\3.  19.J        Fer-UR^on.  E.  F.  C.        338 
Filiot,  C  lUfj :  F.*i75        OiH) ;  II.  II.  R.  98    Fore-tcr.Maj.  F.693 
Eiii  tt,M:s.C.J.4d3;    Ftrniov,  Ladv.  195      Forbn-if,  E.  C.318 

N.  (;.  319  IVrritr,  J.  T.  678 

Ellis.  Mr-.  315  Ficiichrii.  J.  U.  198 

Ell  w,„,  Mrs.  IL  J.    Flennt;),  W.  J.  672 


Fl-tilkes,  Yen.  H.P. 

55.S 
Fi.M,.LW.197j  W. 

S.  77 
Finrii.  A.  435 


Fofin^\.D.  .M.  198; 

E.  o*7t 
Forstcr.    J.   W.  93; 

W.  S.  436 
Fortfscue,       C*tess, 

67  f;  II.  Earl,  457 
Forth,  .M.  D.  Vi»c. 

57<i 


3|.j 
Ei''''iii'toTje,  Mrs.  B. 

55  3 
E.  Ill  t.  n.  Mrs.  195 
K  -..-.  ('.  Ifis 
L-  V.  K.  11   4->7 

i.ni:.- J.  ;;:i2  Lt.-Co'.  9K  213 

Ki.ifl^iud,  J.  W.  571 ;    Fii.lav.  H.  678 

S.  I!i7  Fiiilev.  Mis.  J.  195 

Envir.  L   A.  «77  Firmin,  R.  436 

Krin  II.  MA  M.435    Fisli.Mrs.J.  D.433; 
Ki   k:uc.  C.  T.  1,90  ;         Mrs.  J.  L.  555 

II.  1^  !?»/  Fzhh.r.   <:.   11.458;    F-ulerton.  A.  S.  458 

Eft  '.ri,  I..  (,9>  E.  335;  F.  562;    FounUine,Mrs.J.78 

Eti.  inton,  Mrs.R.P.        M.  A.  457:  Mrs.    Fountayne-Wilaon, 

434  C.  B.  196 ;  W,  ^9       Mn.  95 


Findin,  G.  S.  558;    Foster,  G.  695  ;  Lt. 

J.S.69f;  Mrs.C. 

M.  195:  Mrs.  W. 

557;  W.  T.  197 
Fostcr-Melliar,  F.  E. 

R.  558 
Fotl:ergill,M.K.562 


Fow!cr,  C.  H.4SS: 
Mr«.C.  195 

Fox^    Doo    U.  431: 
E.  .V.  *0:    F.  .\. 
319:   G.  £.  55i; 
H.  £.  55S;    MxiL 
G.  S.  673 
Frampc^D.  Mrs.  433 
Fni-icis.  J.  4Si5 
Franckiin,  C.  80 
FraLBckiyn,     J.      G. 
454  :       Maj  .-Gee. 
C.3^7 
Franks,  Mn.  W.  A. 

314 
Eraser,    J.     L    5<1 ; 
Mrs.  G.  H.  314; 
Mrs.   J.    693;    T. 
31 ) 
Frederick,  Capt.  C 

77 

Freeiin^,  G.  H.  333 

Fnrenr.an,  C.    R.  97: 

Dr.  R.  335:   H.  S. 

313:  M.  558,577 

Freer,    E.   436 ;     L^ 

319:  M.  W.319 
Fret-th,  H.  69S 
French,  Mrs.  F.  196 
Frend,  G.  R.  562 
Frpo,  A.  M.  678 
Frfst,  C.  A.  320 
Froude.  J.  A.  438 
¥r\,  J.  455 
Fner.T.S.456;  W. 

196 
FuUarton,  H.  £•  K. 

438 
Fuller.  F.G.  A.  318; 
Mrs.   A.  R.  673; 
Mrs.  M.   J.  674| 
Mrs.  T.  79 
FulUrton,  G.  F.  217 
Gabriel,  M.  214 
Gain,  E.  J.  320 
Gainsford,  Mrs.    O. 

555 
Gair,  W.  435 
Gale.  F.  558 
Gabon.  Mrs.  D.  315 
Gamiiier»    F.  C.   A* 

677 

Gandeil,  Mrs.  R.  5SS 

i.u  iner,    Mr^     L. 

195;   \V.  453,  570 

Gardner,     A.     677; 

lion.  E. 576;  Mrs. 

A*  78 ;    Mrs.    W« 

B.  675 

Gamett,  CapL  A.  W. 

94 
Garra«raT.E.H.  677 
Gar»tin,  Col.  W.  95 
Ganrock,  Mrs.  433 
OMOoycn,  F.  T.  694 


Index  to 

JvSwS^^^^^ 

IH 

Gnub.  J.  08 

Mff.77i  MrsG. 

338;    I.  C.  435; 

Hampton,  J.  S.  672              ^^^H 

Gatehouie.  E.  N.  R. 

IL  675 

J.  L.  438 ;  M,  F. 

Hanburv,  Hon,  C.  S.              ^^^H 

575 

Gore,    A*   W.    5575 

318;   R.  199 

^^^M 

Gaunt,  J.  696 

C.    A.     438;    M, 

Grenfell,     Mra.     P. 

Hanhury-Traey,Hn»               ^^^^H 

Gauseen,  C.  561 

458;    Uui.  J.  P. 

Du  Pre,  79 

A.A.  G.  80                          ^^^H 

GawtresR.  B.  573 

435 

Grev.   A.    M.   320; 

Hnncock.  K.  098                    ^^H 

Gii.Bes,  W.  43fl 

Gorcn»  Mrs.  A.  815 

11.  J,  436;  Hon. 

Hai^dey.  R.  436                      ^^H 

Gibbon,  A.  A,  rm 

Gorrnige,     Mrs.    J. 

Mrs.      G-      556; 

Hanbam,     Capt    J,                     ^^M 

Gibson.  A.M.  1119; 

433 

Rtar.-Adm.  Hon. 

^M 

A.S.318;  K,m)6s 

GortichflVoff,  Prmce 

Sir  r.  \\\  77  ;  Sir 

Hnnk^inii.  M.  676                            ^H 

J.  E    J97;  MA. 

M.  !)6 

G.  T7.  Ifi4.  313 

Haniivn,  K,  8i                                 ^H 

51ii;  Mr*:H.  ^56 

Go^nnll.  J,  217 

Griffin,  C.  a.;« 

BitnnitigiuQ,  M.  A.                      ^H 

GiHilinK*.  J.  fl.  11*3 

Gosding,  E.  F,  ri59 

Giitfith,  11.  A,  558; 

^B 

Gilbm,  A.  A,  &lli; 

Oouph,    Gen.    VihC, 

H.E.G1).1;J.452; 

Ilnrburd,  Hun.  Mri.               ^^M 

Mr«,  A  56 

193 

Mrs.  T.    L.  555; 

J.  i3l ;  Hon.  Mrs.              ^^^M 

Gin.  T.  578 

G*>ul(l.  Mrs.  456 

T.  R.  317 

W.  G75                                ^^H 

GifKtt.  H.558 

Gouranima,  Princess 

GripK.  J.  N.  436 

Harcour),lLM,437;              ^^^^| 

IJilliat,  L\  K.  197 

V.  U»5 

Gntnble,  A.  E.  1&9 

^^H 

Gilpl,,,  U.  82 

Cover,  Mm.  W.  78 

Grtins[on,    Mrs.    O, 

Hitrdinge,  Vific'tesa,              ^^^^^H 

GirdlfsK>ne,Mr«,W. 

Gower,  M.  L.  218 

A,  673 

^^^^1 

H.557 

Gruhnm,     C.     455 ; 

Groivenor,  Hnn.  R. 

Hardy,  est.  557  ;H.              ^^H 

Girtinif,  Mri.  J.  C. 

ColJ.572;  J.  E. 

De  A.  77;   Lady 

C.561;J.B.319{               ^^H 

fi73 

432;  Mrs.  G. 77; 

C.  195 

Mri.  T.  \\\  434                   ^^M 

Glachtnne,  A*  E*  H. 

N,69i;  Sir  J.  0. 

Grove,  E.  576 

Hare,    A.    572;    T.               ^^H 

3JU 

R.  693 

Gnd>.eon,  E.  B.  317 

^^H 

G bister,  W.  93 

Gr»bame,    Maj.    D. 

Gucrin,  M.  /.  455 

HaTew(H)d,C'teBs314              ^^^H 

Glanville,  Capt*  W. 

573 

Guest,  E.  A.  550 

Hargravea,  L  457                   ^^^^H 

R  338 

Grainjter.M.T.5S9; 

Guise,    Lt.-Col.    J* 

Hartngtnn,  Capt.  H.              ^^^^H 

Glasnevin.  B.  81 

R.  216 

438 

E.  453;  J.  M.  332             ^^H 

Gk-nnie,  C.    E.   W* 

Grant,   C.  98,  453; 

GuIly.CaptF.J.S. 

Harley,  E.572 ;  Mrs.            ^^H 

197;    J.   L  578  s 

H.  C.  81;    Hon. 

560 

^^M 

Mra,  J.  a  3H 

Mrs.  G.  78;  Mra, 

Gurney,  C.  H.  560 

Harman,  E.R.320;             ^^^H 

GUsiCT,  CoLT,  218, 

J.    195;  Mn,   W. 

Gutch.  J.  M,  573 

Mrs.  E.  315                       ^^M 

331- 

D.  «i7+i     Sir   G. 

Gwyn,   A,  334;  M, 

Hiirper,  Mrs.  IL  78                       ^M 

Glover,  Mrs,  J,  H, 

M.     198;    W.    C. 

E.  197 

llarpour,  C\  675                     ^^^H 

315 

572 

Gwvnne,  Col.  218 

Harriott.  W.  N.  337              ^^H 

Glvii,  Mn,  H.ai96 

Gmnirme,    Mra.  A. 

Hackett,  A.C.  557; 

HmtHe,  Capt  N.  H.             ^^^H 

Goddartl,A.C,438j 

K.  B.  434 

J.  573;  W.  4.^2 

677;    F,  319;    J.              ^^H 

E, M.  438 

Graver- Browuc,    J. 

H*dd«n.  T.  H.  560 

690;    Lord,    193«              ^^H 

Gndfrey,  C,  J.  820; 

T  387 

Had  Held.  A.  C.  454 

Lt-Gen.  J.   334;             ^^^H 

E,  X  562 

Grave*,  A,  693 

Hi.rlo«,  U.S.  572 

M.  310;  Mrs.  H.             ^^H 

Goaiey,  J,   It  698; 

Gray,Cflpt  W.319; 

H.ll,  C.  A.  T.  81  ; 

315;  Mra.  VV.  314             ^^H 

Mr^  074 

LS.  318;    J.  E. 

E,  D.  678 

Harrison.  E.  B.  215;             ^^^1 

Goldic*  Lt.-Gcn,  G. 

560;  S.  319 

Hallett,  E.K.H.95; 

U.J. 676;  J. 320;             ^^H 

L.  193 

GrtiivesC.  C\337 

H.  H.  H.  675 

L.  E.  677;  L.  M.            ^^H 

Goldinghnm,   C.   C. 

Gre«n,  C.  570;  J.S. 

Hi,ltiburton,  E.  196 

698;M.  561;M,             ^^H 

^H      573 

5G2j  Mra.  G.  W. 

Hftllowes,  L.C.  197; 

L.  D.  454  ;    Mrt.            ^^^M 

^^■GutU&niitb.  0.  214 

a   654;    Mrs.  J. 

R.C.558;  W.  197 

D.J.  5.56  t  Mra.  J.            ^^^M 

^^Gullclier,  O.  F.  554 

433  ;  P.  A.  457 

Halsted,  Mri.  G.  A. 

H.433iM.  H,199             ^^H 

f         GiM>cli,   J,   H.  332; 

Greme,  H.  697  j    J. 

70 

Harryman,  Mrt.  W*            ^^^^M 

1              LLG-C,677j  M. 

698 

Hmnbrough,    A.   J* 

^^H 

1              K.  215 

Gre«nhill,  Hon.Mrfc 

97 

Hart,  W.  H.  571                   ^^H 

1          Good,  C.  675 

555 

llBtnilton,  A,   576; 

Hartley,  G.  L.  197  ;            ^^^M 

^^.  Gondacre,  Dr,  F.  B. 

Greenhow,  E.  218 

O.    80;    H»  454; 

Mi>.s,454 ;  Mrs.A.            ^^H 

^m     676 

Greenway,  G.  317; 

Ll-CoI.E.  F,  578; 

^^H 

^^FOoode,   A.   E,    80  s 

Mm.  073 

M.  E.  435;  Mrs. 

Hnrtopp,  Capt.  196               ^^^^| 

V            L.S20 

Greenwood,  Cipt,  J# 

E.   673;   Mrs.  F. 

nnrtsbom,A.H.557                   ^H 

m Owodcnough,  F.  A* 

218jLl.Co1.573; 

655;    Mrs.  H.  F. 

Hartwell,  F.  11.  320                    ^H 

^^    cm 

Mra.  J.  195 

315;  Mra.  H.  M. 

Harvey,    Adm.    E*                   ^H 

^■Coodfelbw,  F.  81 

Greer,   E.  338$   R» 

195:    Mrs.  T.  de 

193^  F.  E.  677;                    ^M 

^^BOoodman.  G.  317 

C.  332,  462 

C.  553  ;  Vice- Ad. 

H.  317;   J.  677;                    ^M 

^■GooU.  a.  81 

Gregg,  G.  333 

A.P.  5ril:\V,  436 

L.  216;    Lt.    H.                    ^1 

^^Kdordun,      A.     318 ; 

Grej£oric,  Mrs.  433  j 

Hanimack,  J.  G.575 

W.  457 ;  Mri.  J*                   M 

W            Gen.  07;   Hon,  A. 

Mra.  G.  W.  78 

Hamond,     C.    437 1 

£.  314                                     H 

^i           H.  452;  J.  458i 

Gregory,  A.  606;  C. 

MriL  F,  557 

Hft«kiM,  J.  457,  676                  ^B 

716 


Index  to  Names. 


Hailewood,  C.  B.80 
Hatchard,M.  A.562 
Hathorn,  Mrs.  78 
Havelock,  H.  333 
HaviUnd,  F.  G.  198 
Hawes,  Mrs.  A.  B. 

815 
Hawkes.  Maj.  458 
Hawkins,  Sir  J.  C. 

697 
Hawthorn,  R.  437 
Hay,  Ladv  E.  575  ; 

W.  L.  694 
Haydon,  £.  698  ;  T. 

454 
Hayes,  C.  A.  697; 

Mrs.  673 
Haves  -  Busbncll, 

Mdm.  C.  338 
Haygarth,  M.  214 
Havnes,  C.  A.  559 
Hayter,  Mrs.  H.  G. 

195 
Hayward,Mr8.E.557 
Head,  J.  S.  678 
Headlam,A.W.  197 
Heale,  G.  M.  214 
Healey,  E.  562 
Heath,  J.  C.  559 
Heavy  side,  J.  92 
Heawood,  Mrs.  J.  lU 

434 
Hebb,  C.  H.  693 
Hebden,A.H.a.56I 
Hector,  D.  554 
Hcdger,  F.  80 
Heigham.  0.  H.  213 
Hellicar,  A.  G.  319 
Heline,  R,  438 
Hely,  Maj  .-Gen.  J. 

P.  692 
Hemsted,  C.  696 
Henderson,  Mrs.  H. 

G.  79 ;  T.  332 
Henniker,  Lndy,315 
Henry,  A.  P.  80 
Hensley,  F.  S.  677 
Henshaw,    Mrs.    C. 

315 
Henty,  C.  318 
Herbert,  F.  W.  677; 

G.  437  ;  Lady  M. 

195;    Lord,  337; 
.  Vice-Adm.  Sir  T. 

337 
Herries,  E.  554 
Herring,  E.  S.  436 
Hervey,  Lord  A.  H. 

C.3l7;Mrs.G.A. 

F.78 
Hesketh  -  Baniford- 

Hesketh,  L.  215 
Hessey,  F.  676 
Hesse  -  Philipsthnl, 

Prince  F.  A.  215 


Hethrrington,  M*  I. 

436 
Hetlev,C.M.318 
Hewett,Capt.  C.  437 
Hewitt-Oliphant,  G. 

H.94 
Hewlett,  C.  698 
H  ey gate,  Mrs.  E.N. 

314 
Hevthuysen,S.C.56l 
Ilibbert,  Maj.  H.  R. 

437 
Hihgame,  E.  691 
Hicheus,     Mrs.    B. 

433 
Hickey,  £.  G.  82 
Hickman,    G.    693, 

698 
Hicks.  E.  98 
Hicks,  Lt.-Col.S.R. 

572;  Mrs.  W.  C. 

196 
Higgin.,  G.214;  J. 

14.82 
Higginson,L.  A.  198 
Higgs,  L.  456 
Highton,Mrs.  A.675 
Hildyard,  H.  S.  82 
Hill,  C.  337 ;  E.  C. 

561;  F.E.  95;  J. 

IX  H.  313;  W.H. 

560 
Hilliard,J.A.S.438; 

M.  198;  Mrs.  G. 

T.  79 
Hilhnan,  J.  676 
Hills,  W.  H.  337 
Hinde,  H.  P.  333 
Hinds,  S.  C.  319 
Hingeston,  Mrs.  F. 

C.  194 
Hirst,  Mrs.  T.  674 
Hoare,   C.  L.  436; 

Mrs.  675,  6^8;  R. 

677 
Ilohart,    Hon.   Mrs. 

F.  556 
Hobson,  E.  C.  320 
Hodgkinson,S.J.694 
Hodgson,  J.  216 
lloffmeisicr,  Mrs.  W. 

C.  556 
Hogg,  G.  554;  Mrs. 

315;  W.  D.  79 
Hoghton,  H.  214 
Holbrooke,  F.W.  67  7 
Holden,A.B.E.435; 

L.  A.  693 
Hoiaen-Rose,G.215 
Holder,Mr8.C.F.433 
Holdforth,  J.  218 
Holdsworih,   A.  W. 

0.215 
Hole,  J.  B.  562;  R. 

80;  W.  456 


Holford,  C.  H.  817 
Holkar,    H.    H.  T. 

Rao,  193 
Holker.  J.  487 
HoUist,  £.  M.  559 
Holloway,  A.  A.  E. 

197;  Mrs.  E.  V. 

P.  433 
Holman,  T.  316 
Hol^1e^  A.  82;  C. 

E.338;  C.R.561; 

T.  437 
Holt,   G.   571;     L. 

337;    T.  J.  575; 

W.  J.  437 
Homfray,  Mrs.  J.  R. 

79 
Hone,  A.  319 
Hook,  Mrs.  L.  78 
Houker,  J.  M.  562; 

Mrs.  A.  315 
Hooper,  W.  218 
Hope,  Gen.  Sir  J.  A. 

193;  Lady  M.  B. 

315;  Sir  J.  672 
Hopton,  M.  561 
Hopwood,  Mrs.  J.  T. 

195 
Hordem,  A.  R.  561 
Hornby,   A  dm.    Sir 

P.  1*93;    Mrs.  G. 

P.  78 
Home,  Mrs.  A.  673 
Horsey,  Capt.  A.  F. 

R.  de,  79 
Horsford,  M.  A.  457 
Horwood,Mrs.  E.R. 

557 
Hose,  T.  C.  81 
Hoste,  Mrs.  196  ;  S. 

M.  437 
Houston,  C.  W.  B. 

216 
Howard,  A.  M.  558; 

C.  B.  217:    Lady 

E.  F.  195       - 
Howe,  L.  196;    W. 

L.  675 
Howlett,  S.  453 
Howman,  M.  95 
Howse,  F.  437 
Hoyle,Mr8.F.W.78 
Hoyles,  L.  J.  674 
Hudlestone,    A.    F. 

456 
Hue,  C.  214 
Huey,Col.R.W.454 
Hughes,  E.  695 ;  H. 

A.  93  ;  H.  S.  696  ; 

J.M.693;  M.  98; 

R.  J.  G.  690  ;  T. 

E.  678 
Hull,  F.  338 
Hulme.J.676;Mr8. 

G.  556 


Hulse,  J.  B.  575 
Hume,  E.  319 
Hunt,  A.  678;  E. 

559;  G.  S.  L.7 

H.  93;   L.  M. 

676;   W.  335 
Hunter,      C.      69 

Mrs.   C.   674;    ] 

S.  561 
Hurst,  S.  S.  677 
Husftey,    Hon.    Mi 

434 ;    M.  558 
Hutch ingSy    Lt.    4 

S.  213 
Hutchiusou,    A.    ] 

561  ;    C.  J.   211 

F.  E.Sl  ;  J.  56: 

T.  J.    194;    Ml 

C.  B.  196 
Hutchison,  I.  A.  fl 
Hutt,  Rt.   Hon.  \ 

82 
Hutton,     Maj.-Ge 

572 
Hyde,  S.  692 
Hydrabad,  Nixamc 

193 
Hyne,  F.  676 
Hyslop,   I.   J.  S6\ 

Mrs.  M.  675 
Ibbetso)i,  Sir  C.  21 
Ick,E.  G.  McD.6: 
Ilderton,  A.  E.  5Q^ 
Ilifi;  Mrs.  G.  314 
Impey,  Mrs.  A.  IS 
Inge,  Mrs.  C.  556 
Ingledew,  Mrs.  C. , 

D.  194 
IngHs,A.  D.  196;< 

335;  M.  H.C.67 
Ingram,       F.     438 

Mrs.  E.  W.  484 
Innes,  E.  F.  697 ;  . 

675 
Irvine,  A.  F.  698 
Irwin,  F.  C.  572 
Isaacson,  F.  338 
Ishsm,  Lady,  555 
Jabely,  Mile.  M.  I 

H.  318 
Jackson,  E.  C.  560 

M.  A.  216  ;    Mr 

P.  556;     Mrs.   I 

N.  555 
Jacob,  £.    199;  V 

199 
Jacobs,  S.  194 
Jacomb-Hood,  J.  I 

435 
James,    C.   C.   457 

D.   G.    337;     1 

198;     J.  98;     V 

691 
Jenkins,      Maj.     ' 

813;  J.  B.  562 


Index  to  Names, 

717 

■ 

Jerninghftm,  C,  81 

Key,  M.  695 

Litter.  A.   M»  678; 

Leonard,  R.  W.  671 

^^1 

Jephsoiu  J.  438 

KltiM.  H  H.   y.  A, 

E.C.C.319;Mrs. 

Les-hc,  Mn,  433 

^^^H 

Jesse,  F.6y3 

193 

A.  S.  S56 

L'Eklrange.    H*    G. 

^^^H 

Jeudwimv  W.  *37 

Ktlburn,  E.  D.  561 

Laiigharne,  Mrs.  T, 

657;  Mrs.  C.  554; 

^^^^1 

Jocelvri,    B.   J.    A. 

Kilvingioa,Hon.Mr, 

R.J.  79 

R.  578 

^^^^H 

55^ 

M.  218 

LaujL^hton,  A.  E.  675 

Leiihbridge.    J.    K. 

^^^^H 

Johnson.  E,  A.  660  j 

Kimbcr,  Mrt.  S.  98 

Lauricf,  A.M.  338 

96;    S.    O.    197; 

^^^^1 

F.B.67«;H.3U| 

Kinif.Cflpt.F.G.319. 

Lavalle,    Don  J.  A, 

W.  A.  677 

^^^H 

M.  F.  437;    Mr%, 

435;  E.  E,  197 j 

de,  313 

Letts,  Mr*.  J.  D.  675 

^^^H 

C,  C.  554;    Mr*. 

K.  333;  Mtj*.  li. 

Lavie,  G.  436 

Lev  i-Bon  ■  G  o  wcr,  F.C, 

^^^B 

F.A.78tMr».W, 

H.  78;  li.H.562; 

Lawea,  H.  562 

336 

^1 

673;   IL   C.569; 

n.   T.    438;    W. 

Lawless,  H.  694 

Levinge-Swift,  Mrs, 

^^ 

S.  F.79;  W.(i08j 

319;  W.  W.  197 

Lawraiice,  J.  C.  562 

814 

^1 

W.  J,  692 

Kinjfsford*     E.     L, 

Lawrell,  Mra.  H.  J. 

Levy.  M.  313 

^^^H 

Jolin-ton,    C,    319 1 

562 

194 

LcKis.    li.   217;    E. 

^^^^H 

Lu- Col    J,  tiyZj 

Kfrkland,  A.  M.572 

Lawrence.  C.W.  691 J 

318;  L3I9 

^^^^H 

M.E.  f/Gl.  T.502 

Kirkpii trick,  Mra.  J, 

Lady,  315;    Mrs. 

LidbtiUef,Mr.T.198 

^^^^1 

Johnstone.  \V,L.  677 

556 

C.  555;    Mrs,  li. 

Liddelh  Mr*.  G,  W, 

^^^^1 

Jultiife^Cant.  VV.319 
Jullye,  E.  W.  320 

KiiwaDf  Lady  V.  M. 

C,  79;    Rl    Hon. 

M.  556 

^^^^H 

550 

Sir  J.  L.  M.  193 

Lif^ertwood,  T.  435 

^^^^H 

JoHt*a,    Capt.    A.  T. 

KirchingiTian,    Mri, 

Lawrie,  Maj.-Gcn.J, 

Lillie,  D.  193 

^^^^^1 

331;  C.  T.  79;  F, 

P.  556 

33  V 

Lincoln.  Bp.  of^  wife 

'^^^^1 

3aiJ;  J,   M.   ,118; 

Koapp.  J.  11.  438 

L.iwson,  F.  H.  438  ; 

of.  194 

^^^^1 

L.  571;  LL-G*?ri. 

Knaptoo,  H.  J*.   198 

Mrs.  E.  79 

Lindsav,  C.E.  198; 

^^^^1 

-        Sir   H,    D,    193; 

Knalclibuli,  E.  560 

Layard.M.  A.E.I  99 

Lady  F.  675 

^^^^1 

^^14.  C.  198;   Mr«. 

Kneller,   Hon.  Mrt. 

Lcacb,  E.  216 

Linghy,  T.  436 

^^^^1 

^■W.    H.   557;    N. 

96 

Leahy,  D.  193 

Lipscomb,  F.W.  316 

^^^^l' 

^452;    Rcar-Adm. 

Knight,  E.  H.  558 ; 

Leake,   Mrs.  S,   M. 

Little,  Mrs.  315;  R, 

^^^^H 

L.  T,  193;     Vcn. 

U.696;  11  K.  218 

074 

J.  576 

^^^^1 

H. U.  319 

Knocker,  G.  P.  676 

Learmonth,  Mrs,195 

Litiledale.G.H.468 

^^^^1 

Jones  •  Parry,    Mrs. 

Knollya,  C.  R.  436} 

Leary.  J.  F.  337 

Livingstone,  T.  93 

^^^^1 

315 

Mr*,  W.  W.  554 

Leathadi,  Mrb.E.  A. 

Ltandaff,  Bp.  of,  F, 

^^^1 

Jopp,  Lt..Col.  J.  98 

Kivott.  J.  M.  571 

315 

dan.  of.  559 

^H 

Juy,    K.   J,    E,   81  ; 

Knowles,    C,    G.   F. 

LeavLMi worth.  E,  77 

Lioyd,    A.   J.   196; 

^H 

Mr*.  S.  6'3 

199 

Letv  Lu  H,  C.  091  ; 

C.  S.695;  E,436i 

^^^^^ 

Joycc,MTs.W,  H.78 

Knox,  M.  435 

S.  C.  A.  437 

J,560;  J.M.558j 

^^^^M 

Jittike,  Mrs.  VV.  C. 

Knui,  J.  554 

Lee  Jortin»  W.  337 

Lady  F.  195;  M. 

^^^^M 

78 

KOIiler,  G.  554 

Leech,  E.  558.  575 

199;  M.  M.  438; 

^^^^1 

Kaint,  Capt  J,  698 

LaliUche,  C.  193 

Lces,Capt.E.J.2l7 
Leffoy,  S.  454 

U. 559;   W,  571 

^^^^1' 

Kar>Uk«,  W.  571 

Lumgr.  M.696 

Lock.  C.  94;    F.  A, 

^^^^1 

Kaye,  J*  338 

Luke.  Li,  *Col.   E. 

Le^cgau.  W.  B.  678 

E.  568 

^^^^1 

KeiUi.  Mw*J.  196 

19Si  M.  A,561 

Legife,  Hon.  A,  K. 

Locke,  J,  B.  672 

^^^^H 

Kellv.  C.  L.3I6;  J. 

Lawh,    G.    561;    J. 

JI.  [17;  Hon.  Mm. 

Lockhart,  A.E.3I3J 

^^^^1 

V;675;  Lady. 315 

C.  80 

G,  315 

A.  M.  694 

^^^^1 

KcUaH.  E.  V13 

Lambert^     E.    336; 

Le  Geyt,  Adm.   G. 

Lockton,  C,  575 

^^^^M 

Kembl«,M.8l;Mig. 

U.562j  K.  Lady. 

573 

Lockver,  £•  A,  E. 

^^^^H 

M.  K  217 

5T5;  M*562 

Leuester.  F.  562 

215 

^^^^t 

Kemp,  Gen.  G.  R. 

La  Motte.  Mr&.  G,  C. 

Leigh,  C.   H.   675; 

LotiuB.  A.  F.  575 

^^^^M 

4.58;  W.  435 

673 

R.80 

Lomh,  E.  318 

^^^^B 

Ketiipts  Mrn.  R.  555 

Lander,  S.  198 

Leigh  ion,  R.  561 

Long,  C.  E.574jM. 

^H 

Kcnd4lh  J.  095 

Lane.  A.  81;    H.  97 

Leith.   A.   M.    488; 

9& 

^^^^B 

Kentiard,     Mrs.    R. 

Lang,  C.  98 

Capt.  W.  F.  573 

Loiigdcu,   Mrs.   78; 

^^^^1 

B.78 

Langdale,    Mn»    C. 

Le  Marchand,  F.  W. 

Mrs.  W.  G.  196 

^^^^1 

Ktmnt-dy,     H.     95  ; 

673 

557 

Longford ,    CoL    the 

^^^^1 

L»dvN*657jWr«, 

LangTey,  I.  S.  435 

Le    March  ant,  Mrs, 

Earl  of,  193 

^^^^1 

Il.lL78;Lt.-Gen. 

LangriJge.  H*  t38 

R.  674 

Longley,  H.  438 

^^^^B 

J.  S.  193 

Larkiiia.Mr>.\V.  U. 

Le  Mcturier,  E.  M. 

Lorainf,  N,  558 

^^1 

Ke<uiioii,  Maj.  197 

657 

317 

Lord,  Mr«.  A.  0. 555; 

^1 

Keppel,  He*T.'A.lJii» 

Larpcnt.  Sir  A.  J.  de 

Lemon.  L.  E.  698 

W.  313 

^1 

Hull.  Sir  U.  677 

H.  333 

Lempriere.  Capt.  A, 

Losh.  W.  337 

^^ 

Kerr,  E.  M.  C,  31fSj 

La»  Casaa,  CflDim,  J. 

R.  677 

L'Oste,  C.  338 

^H 

M,  80;   M,  1.  E. 

C.  d^  77 

Lennox,  Lt.-Col,W. 

Loudon, M.  573 

^1 

5fWi  Mrs.   A.   P. 

Latpward.  J.  F.  93 

O.  J  99 

Loois,  M,  694 

^1' 

196 

Lathjini.  J.  575 

Lenny,  A.  E.  96 

Lovcgrove.G,  H.455 

^H 

Kcwlfy.  J.  W.  690 

Lathbury,  A*  C,  334 

Lcnon,  K.  U.  676 

Lovcll,  Mr«.  556 

^H 

OwiT.  Mao.  TOL,  CCXI. 

4b 

^ 

-         ^i-     :..?! 

m 

^^ 

iJ  •          .  :.•    ':7 

;.:.-.■'  1   .'•; 

•••       .   .    Xfc.  J-.   -jO  .'  ; 

M       --.ySr^C.-y 

:    ;;;     M-  .  ;.i 

:    •-..    :-'.  v.  -'s 

ii.   •'.■,  if.  ./.  , 

M   :  iT-.R.H.::: 

.:  ;..  '  .  ■.:■..  a. 

%'i.    '  >..-  • ,'.    y.T'. 

:.:»-...  :y.  J  .::♦ 

M:....    C.    K.    *:<;; 

I   '*". 

:y,\    y.Klj.'/f, 

.'•r     .;•-.;::..   K.  -.;.* 

c.  M.  r>:,  c  :. 

».:    ;/',  '. .;.  .  v/  'i7 

M    r.  ..."2 

Mi   .:    .  :.::-.  5.  'A'. 

c.  r.  :c-i:   F  R. 

.'.J-.'  i/-/  ...  ;.:.,. 

%:^  '■■  ■ .',  if. ;.:  .'^a 

r  '* 

C.:-.  Mr«.R.T.:9 

I'  '/  ; 

M  ',-.  '.r.  A.  yt7 

M  .  .r:..::2:  f.b. 

M    -an.  M.   f.  ■..  ; 

'.My./.     .. I.  f  .(,!(, 

:.:..-,  <.*:.'.  L.  jf. 

.>  *} 

y.>iri.  c.  G. :::: 

M    ■   \. •■>;■, \\:u.   :.f  . 

V;./ 

y'l .  ".'.'..  G.  or-i : 

Mi-L    1--,  M.  iiy* 

I   :,'.. 

\:...'..  r..  J.  w.rjjo 

y.T'.  R.  lJ..';,t 

il  'c   t'.  .  Ccn-.-i-.  1. 

M-   ^f'/',r,   r.    A, 

M.    ".■:  .•,:..J  f,.If,9 

M».r:w.,C;:!.K.M. 

Cm'J  ;    G.  A.  CO-'* : 

•,,'K  .1"  li  ^  I'r.; 

:.:..  ".  i .  ij.  .iin 

V».*/J\  :  O.  rj7 

M.A  57S:   r.l9t 

M-'    r*/'.'.  I.'.  U.h.  •.!;:. ...r'l,  I".  II.  ;;|'J  M;,w,  G.  ir»'j  Mitfo-.i.  W.  V.  c; 

r. ;.  M.j.r,,,.  r,.  M... ......,,    h.    .V,I;  Max/rrli.  Hon.  Mrs.  Mo;a::a.  S.  M.  77 

n.  I'»;                         11.  '.$7  II.  iil.5  M.  r.  R.  W.  D.  432 

M.'-:.,  II.,r,.   Mr..  M;.l...rv.  II.  .I'/*  Mav,     C.    W.    G16 ;  MrtTitt,  F.  4.37 

'./  J  .M  .;,.,.>',  Mrs  C.  074  S.  M.  T.  5.**7  Mulato,  J.  C.  97 

M:.'l.  ii,Mr...J  V  in:,  M-,||,.ih,  M.;\.I.;;1D  Mjiyo,  T.  «7S  Moesworth,  C.  31S: 

.M-. .  ..y.  J.  l.-,ii  :  l.».  M;.n.  M.  K.  7f»  MrMrts,  G.  317                 K.  316 

0.:i.ioi  S.  .S,:il{l  M^iii7,  Mm. 'j7  Mchciix,  J.  313  Molyneuz,  J.  516 


Bi 

Index  to  Names, 

71^       ^^M 

Monck,HoT3.R.430^ 

Mostvn,   Hen.  Mrs. 

Newton,  J.  578 ;  W. 

Ord.  A.C.  562;                   ^^H 

Vise.  672 

79';IK3rKT.E.M. 

2r7 

l.'>7;    Mr5.A.W.            ^^H 

14onckloii,Htjn,F.S. 

L,  77;  W.bl 

Nia*,  Afra.  314 

556;  Mr*.  J.  A.  B.             ^^H 

n 

Muntey.Capi.T.  M. 

Nicull,  Mr»,  673 

674                                    ^^H 

Money,    C,  E»  436; 

697;  Mr.  338 

NicculJuJ,  G.  B.  573 

Orlebar.  C.  332 ;  R.            ^^H 

V.h  3S6 

Moubrny,    Maj.    T. 

Nixon,  C.  M.  678 

^^H 

Monins,    Maj.>Gen, 

6f?3 

Nizam-ooI-Moolk, 

Ormerod,  O.  94                     ^^^H 

E.  U8 

Mount     Eflgcunibpi 

H.  H. 193 

Onnond,  Mrs.  J.  79                     ^H 

^  Wonk»  E.  G,  452; 

Earl  o!,  456 

Noble,  M.  81,437 

Orr.  Mr».  M,  L.  337                    H 

^K^  J.  B.  601 

Mowbrav,C.E.693; 

Noel*.  L.  678 

Osborn.  Lt.-Col.  E.                     ^M 

^^P^lontague,  Hon.  H. 

J.  n/M.  de,  435 

Norbury,  Hon.  Mr*. 

457  ;  M.  F.  F.  80                ^^M 

672  ;  L.  C\  198 

Munn,  H.  O.  197 

195 

OVShia.  Mr*.  556                    ^^^M 

Moingouieric,RS38; 

Munro,  Mrs.  194 

Noritiftn.  Maj.  C.  J. 

Ottcy.  G.  F.  691                     ^^^1 

Montgomery,  H.lt>9 

Murdocli,  S.  J.  562 

W.  2IS 

Oltlev.  L.  03                         ^^^H 

Montf^Aft,      L.    C. 

Alure,  A,  C.  562 

Noni*,  Mr*.  G.  556 

Otway,   L.   C.  574;             ^^^M 

JVineesa  de»  337 

Murgtttroyd,  F.  97 

North.  Ladv  C.  M. 

Mr*.  C.  H.                         ^^H 

Motitresaor.M.Lady, 

Murjliy,  A.  V.  437 

198;  J.    W.  560; 

OumU >y.  E.  C.  697  ;             ^^H 

337 

Murray,  G.  86  ?    G. 

Lt.-Col.  H,  455 

^^^H 

^^LMonAon,   Hon.  Mrs. 

J.  437;  J.  96;   J. 

Norlhcore,Mrs.ll  M. 

OurratnJ^L-Gea.SIr           ^^^H 

^B    T.  J.   £56;  J.  T. 

C.2]3;Ljidy,575; 

673;  Sirs  H.  11)4 

^^^1 

^HL  ^^^ 

Sir    W.    K.    578; 

Norton,  E.  578 

Ouvrv.   Mrs.  P.  T,            ^^^M 

^^Woore,  Col.  W.  W. 

Sir  W.  L.  692 

Noilev,  M.  318 

^^^M 

^    458  ;    F.  338  T  G. 

Mursell.  A.  82 

Noli.Lt.  E.  T.  677 

Ovtrum,  S.  C.  553               ^^^H 

W.  319;  H.455J 

Munop,  A.  C.  676  J 

Noiiidg*?,  G.  578 

Owen,  M.  82;  Mil.              ^^H 

!            J,  214  ;    L.  F.  L. 

F.  M.  Ij77  ;    Mf*. 

Novcllo.  V.  337 

J.  674:  0.  32U                 ^^H 

676  J    Mr«.   674  ; 

B.  196 

Nower»,  J.  S,  bl 

Packe,  G.317                                  H 

Mrt.    C.    W.   78  J 

MuAgmve,         Dow, 

Nunc*,  M.  453 

Puddon,  T.  452                             ^ 

Mrs.  W.  433;   11, 

Lady,    338;      G. 

Nunn,   Mr*.  E.   W. 

Piidwiek,    U.    558;             ,^^H 

11*8:   U.  K.  456; 

215;  Mrs,  E.  433 

656 

\y.  457                         ^^H 

S.  214 

Mua^^on,  W.  E.  436 

Nurse,  J.  H.  691 

Page,  M.  692                         ^^H 

Moorhoti^e,  J.  438 

Mvnn,  A.  (i95 

Nutt,  J.  694;  Mrs. 

P;iget,    E.    677;    J.             ^^H 

Moorftoiii,          Vice- 

Mvnors,  IL  E,  677 

R.  556 

677;  Mts.  A.  315             ^^^H 

Aatii.  c.  R.  as 

Myltoii.  C.  nS 

Oftkes,  E.  F.  81;  F. 

Pagliano,  C.  J.  338               ^^^H 

Muran,  J.  H.  677 

NanN  Lady,  315 

A.  81;  J.  L.  676 

Pain,    E.    5(iO;    J.              ^^^H 

^■^lortrnt,  IL  R.  677 

Kangk.Mri..H.314j 

Oftklev,  E.  457 

438  ;  T.  456                       ^^^H 

^^niordttuiit,  C.  571 

Mrt,  W.  l\  675 

0*»tk*r,  It  454 

Pakenliam.llon.Mn.              ^^^^H 

^^ridure,    H.    L.    199  j 

Napier,    C.    C.    81  { 

O'Brien,  C.  H.698; 

196;Lt.  E.P.6!)2             ^^H 

W            J.  S.  217 

Mr*.  G.  675 

D.J.  H. 82;  L.U. 

P*lgrave.  Mr^.  R.  F.             ^^^M 

L         Moresby,  Mr*.  M.  F. 

Naplftou,  D.  (ills 

A.  575 

D.  434;  Sir  F.  217              ^^H 

^^^ 

Nash.  Mr*.R.S.  195 

O'Donoghue,        H. 

Palmer,  G.  559 ;  J.              ^^^H 

^^HllurtrtoD,  Hon/ Mrs* 

Nnsriiilh,  Mrs.  337 

OMi.  435 

96;   L.    L.    197;             ^^H 

^^Kr    A.  314 

Nasmyth,  C.  96 

O^Dwyer,  R.  313 

R.  194,  313:    R.             ^^H 

^^Kjdorey,  R.  691 

Nay  lor.  E.  458 

Ogilbv,  R.  0.  L.  81 

T.571:  S.  B.676              ^^H 

^r^organ,  H.  H.2I3; 

Neal,  J.  T.  432,554 

Ogilvie.  SirVV.  213 

Panlin,  C.  G.  672                  ^^H 

M.l';.97iS-A.458 

Ne*le,   C.  A,  676  j 

Ogilvy.   A.  J,   318; 

P&pillon,  A.  198  :  E.              ^^^M 

Morgoll.  M.  M.  676 

Mni.W.  B.454 

Ludy  J.  835;  W. 

C.198;F.M.677              ^^H 

Moricc,  M.  S.  82 

Needhara,  M.  C.  L. 

558 

Parham,  B.  338                     ^^H 

Monrr,  R.  B.  D.558 

318 

OgU-,  Mr*.  J.  A.  79 

Pari*,  A.  690                         ^^^M 

^^Hon«ot),J.H.J.69J; 

Kdld.  W.  559 

O^Grady.  C.  L.  A, 

Parish,  G.  W.  693  ;             ^^H 

^B     Mrs.  J.  H.  J.  434 

Nepean,      E.     559; 

198 

^^H 

^■idorlcy,  M.  A.3l6j 

Mr*.  E.  215 

Okcover,  Hon.  Mr*» 

Park.  Capt.  G.  F.  97              ^^H 

f              W.  455 

Nctillc,  W.  L.  332 

673 

Parke,  J.  697                          ^^H 

I Morphett,  A.  Q,  316 

Newbuld,  A.  437 

Oldfietd,  h  694 ;    J. 

Parker.  C.  J.  217  ;             ^^H 

^^Morret).  J,  11.  317 

Newbtrrv,  Mrs.  433 

n.578;    Mr*.  C. 

^^H 

^^^OlArrieson,  A.  F.  97 

NewMt.'A,  F.  695; 

J.  194 

Parkin,  H.  213                       ^^H 

^^Bforriit.   F.  P.  455; 

Mr*.  G.  315 

Oliver.    E.  F.  676; 

Parrv,  C.  190  ;  L.  A.              ^^^H 

^■Tg.  S.  197;    Mrs. 

Newburgh,  A.  Dow. 

Mrs.   R.   A.  556; 

97,  697  ;   Mrs.  E.             ^^^M 

^H_T.  R,  556 

C'lcft*.  of,  337 

Mrs.  W,  434 

78;    Mrs.   J.    H.             ^^H 

^^Blorrish»Capu  S^  692 

Newtonibe,  I.  438 

Olivier,  D.  82 

674;W.  E.337                       ^M 

Newcouie,    E.    214  j 

Onderdonk,  B.  T.  92 

Parsons.  A.  678;  L.                     ^M 

1              L,  194;   W.673 

E.  W.  676 

Onslow,  Hon.  E.  M. 

E.  81                                         ^M 

1         Morton,  Mr*,  E.  H, 

Newtngtoo,  Mrs,  P. 

M.  E.336;    Hon, 

Partridge.  T.  B.  558                      ^M 

^H.     43 1 

311 

T.  C,  217;  M.  E. 

Patte^on.Rt.Hon.Sir                      ^M 

^■Hoicley,  E.  A.  198  ; 

Ncwport.C.  E.  106; 

457;  Mi**,  79;  a. 

J.  215                                            H 

^^     H.  K.  560 

J.E.3I3 

F.sa 

Fattbon,  M.  437                           ^1 

720 


Index  fh  y'lmei. 


y.'K  r,  .:■:.; 

p*->.*. .  .\r.  R.  -I 
?••,  A.  ♦  :.  o.:4; 

ff'-,r...\r.M.  F.  i:.:; 
F-.   H.-..  •?>   ft. 

p*- .-,  A.  ;j.  <>:^,;  J. 

H.  C7 
Pfr  '.^.v..    f.o-'i.   %2  ; 
ft.  V-  A';r.'„     H'.n. 
F.  T.  0". 

p«?. '^,»,  .^^r:.  ff-.'.. 

S.r  f.  B.  R.  .;.^;; 

ffn.  Vfr«.  K.  iri.; 
P*. :':■/.  K. ..-.  .^,M 
?*■;./.  r,.^/. .>.i7 

P'rf.^.r,  K    If.  *.>; 
P*!'^.'!.r.-'t.  K.  .;.',.S 
P'^f.f'.i:.  K.  */;.!;    M. 

A.  :>rA 
P«r.r.».f,  .\rM.  O.  D. 

7S 
Vtux\*'.Ur\\*'.r,    I),    F. 

Ptr.r,*.ii,  r.  s.  f,7r,; 

Jl/-ar-A/iiii.)jl;  K. 

J.  fi7H 
P#rrifi*-thorr.e,  O.   W. 

fj.yj 
Vfuut'.y,  Mr«.  J.  W. 

W.  7H 
P*iiro%#-,  S.  M.  .'{31 
PcnrurMockc,  Mr^.J. 

n.  4.n 

P#rr,tori.  Mr%.  J.  I-'J-J 
Perftftvul,  F.J.  .331; 

Mm.  ;ii.? 
Perkins  K.  S.  .316 
Pirliy,  r.  Ifit 
Perry,  C.  S.  5-^7 
Prr«c.   Mm.  W.   B. 

PrliT.  J.  T.  If.  197 
PttrrMin,  A.  A.  .310 
Pclrp,  Hcin.  Mm.  If. 

W.   79;    Mm.   G. 

O.  r>7i 
Pewtreita,  S.  J.  82 
Peytiin,    Capuiii   J. 

198 
PliH|m,   If.  H.  3i(j. 

W.  W.  502 


?-'  ...  jn*    Nfri.  *M 
?>.       ',^-  A.  X'"  ;   3. 

'r'  c.  .\,  *■;*. 
K  «-f  >:»  E. 
rr.  *>. .  o.  .i:« ; 

S.   C.  Mo  .   ^.  .\- 

.5->*  .   T.  •.'> 
P-:      -.1.-..  C.  .V..4 
P.  .  -o'-.*.  K.  ^^'f 
p::iL*r:-?.C.M.o:a; 

J.  ♦.;n 

P>**rtgr.!,  ifri-   F. 

R.3:.; 

p w.r.*,  r;,--.  C.  A. 

?..IZ  .  E."  R  670 
Pl/vr.  Mi;.J.P.:iI9 
P  '.-er,  F.  F.  ti-l 
K-r.  7,    F-    B.   77; 

P.;,-W-'.:VrJ4n,    5. 

'j  I  'J 
?:p^r.    I}.    WO;    R. 

•vV.  ft  > 
Pi'rr.  «n,  J.  R.  ir,2 
P  r.  E.  ^fi-J 
Pi-^r-J,  S.  R.  f/j\ 
V.WK^^i.  P.  *sl 
Pi.vMir.  A.  L.  197 
P.'/rn-r,  S.  .%',i 
Pi  jmrner,  Mra.  J.  T. 

Piurnptre,  -Mr*.  C.J. 

77 
Pluhk*^tf.  L.  B.  *3.> 
Pork  w./UtUf    F.    E. 

Po.I*..  A.  C.  .317 
Po!ir.orc..Mrv.T.  4.3t 
Pf.j^«on,  Capt.  C.  D. 

'2l.i:   If.  5.3  { 
PolUrrl.  \V.  B.  19t 
Pollock. F.  19^;  Gen. 

Sir  O.  4.3J 
Poiiiiiiorrr,  f.Afly,  4.33 
Polwhde,  T.  K.  81, 

19^; 
Ponionhy,  Hon. Mm. 

S.  07 ^;    Lady  L. 

31.5;  W.  Lord,. 575 
Pooif,  II.  J.  197  ;R. 

.S.  318 
Poor",  Ven.  Archdn. 

570 
Popr*.  F.  J.  438 
Porchcr,  M.  L.  317 
Portal,  Lady  C.  195 
Porlcoufi,  J.  fi92 
PoriiigAl,    King    of, 

697 
Pott%  MiM,  574 
Poulden,  M^i.  R.  M. 

196 


?■.:••-.  3.  fr 

?  -i.  ■.-..  -y.  h'.  f  :7 
?  -▼-. .  E.  >.;    5.  r. 

p-.:-.:^r,  iL  .::: 

p-.T  •_  r.  T.  •j.>r 
Prlr:.  Ifru  r;  J.  if. 

Pn-.  ;.:.:i:  Mr.- 

Gir..  T.  S.  !>* 
Pr-r..:>rzi*'-,  Mrj.  C. 

OL.  1.  •!7.3 
Pr*-*.::;*::,  G.  £.  oTS] 
Pr»^--.-,  Lx:t.  73 
Pr--TT.an.J.'S.  .354 
Pr-.T.ir.  C.  .5.5* 
Pr:4.  C-H.  v2.   M. 

A.  ;->•:    Mr..  J. 
<>7.> :   N'.  -5:9 

Prij.i.-.MM.  \.:'>o 
Pr  !iir,M.  T.  451 
P-i-ViX,  Mr*.  •>:* 
Pr>^-.  ?:..5:i:  Mri. 

B.  ?.  .3;.> 

Pr-r**l*v.  r.  .\.  5o0  ; 

W.  H.  571 
Pre^lv,  Mr*.  .:.>.> 
Prlcv.-nan,  J.  213 
Prin-.»     -     Con«rt, 

H.Rir.  193 
Priii.'le,  Mv.  J.  W. 
577:   M.  G.  316; 
V.  lOS 
PrinsT-p.  .\.  560 
Procter,  S.  .\.  214 
Prothero,  M.S.S.320 
Prjor.Mr«.J.E.196 
Pii'^'he.  J.  213 
Purvril,  W.  R.  81 
Purres,  M.  576 
Putron,  Mm.  P.  de, 

43  f 
Pve,  Mrs.  69 1 
Pyrn,  M«j.  F.G.  109 
Pyne,  Mr.  T.  433 
Quartlev,  B.  C..320; 

S.  .5.58 
Quekett,JJS3S;Prof. 

454 
Quigley,  T.  H.  98 
Quincf-y,  F.  J.  de,  94 
Ra<ic1iffe,  Lt.-Cul.R. 

P.  436 
RadclyfTe,  F.J.  199 
Raikes  H.  C.  559 
Rainc.  M.  678 
Raiiinfurd,  J.  79 
Rainsav,  A.  570 ;  J. 

H.3'l6 
Rao,  .Maharaja  K.  1 93 
Raper,  Mr8.J.F.673 
Raphael,  A.L.E.317 
RMhdall,Mrf.R315 


R-i»in.  E_  ll-i 

5Li  V  .- ^.   £_  H_  i  — . 

4-T* 

Ra**.:".   £.-G.  iir; 
J.  -577 

Ra'-:2a.-n.  C.  *5ii 
Rrirj.  5-  H.  *-> 
Ri?*-.  H.  A.  4^ J 
R^>>.c  .  C-  J-i-* 
R*i-.^*i,  L- J.  Jir 
R--Ti,  S.  M.  3IS 
R^-Ti'*,  '•%".  F-  j:9 
Re  :.  A.  5.  313.   3. 

?f:     C.    G.   5J3: 

M-  A.  '.io 
RrT.-r-inr:-::.      Ll- 

C...  F.  F.  372 
R^-:!:r.  Liir  J.  JI5 
lUy*:,  j{oua:  A.  T. 

ce,  -377 
Reynold*,  Adm.  Sir 

B.  15.;,3;;7;  J.  p. 

93 
Rhod?«,  Ma;,  G.  675 
Ri adore,  E.'SiS  ;  M. 

A.  4-5r> 
Ricario,  Mr*.  H.  D. 

43  4 
Ric?,  ^r^^.  H.  195 
Rich.  H    194 
Richarvl*.  E.  95;  E. 

K.SO:   M.  E.  95; 

Mrs.  R.  433 

Rioh*rd»on.C.S.676; 

F.  436  ;     H.   693  ; 

J.  571;    L.  A.  97; 

L.  K.  213;  L.  T. 

J.  215;    Lt.  C.  L. 

213;    O.   82;    W. 

456:    W.  S.  696 
Richej,  A.  L.  696 
Ricketts,  R.  T.  317 
Rickman,  Mrs.  314 
Riddell,Mr».J.673; 

Sir  J.  M.  574 
Rideout,  B.  C.  455 
Rider,  Mrs.  216 
Ridley,  Mrs.  O.  M. 

674 
Riley,  Mrs.  314 
Riniington,  M.  317 
Ritherdon,  M.C.691 
Rivarola,  C'tets.  314 
Rivington,  L.  198 
Robec,H.St.J.dcI96 
Rtiberu,  J.  458;  R. 

E.  698 
Robertson,  H.  £.698; 


Index  to  Names, 

^^^tJ^^^B 

Mrt.  A.  434;  W. 

Ryle,  J.  C.  676 

Schwartz,    Capt    S. 

SHerw(M>d.  T.  J.  1 98  j           ^^H 

W.  199 

Kvnd,   Mrv  Mc  K, 

319 

W.C.  576                        ^^M 

Robin,  M.  319 

'55r, 

Scoones,  J.  E.  678 

Shteld,  R.  D.  83                   ^^M 

Bobinton,  CapL  J»T. 

Ryrie,  C.  97 

Scott,  0.378;  C.E. 

ShiSner,  Lady,  69G              ^^H 

550  J  C.   K.  676  ; 

Saddinjyton,  J.  213 

199;    D.   A.  82: 

Shipley*  Mrf.  554                 ^^H 

E.F*ai8:  J.319; 

Sadlf  r,  B.  G.  82  ;  E. 

D.  C.  561;  G.M. 

Shirley,  Mrs.  W.  W.             ^^M 

_       Ur9,  J.    D.  5G5i 

218;  Mm.  O.  78 

696;    H.J.  M.  D. 

^H 

^m      M.  S.  318  :  S.  C. 

Sainibury,  J.  E.  L. 

313;  Lord  H,  313: 

Shirreff,  Maj.  •  Gen.            ^^H 

H       436 

676 

Mrt.  A.  N.  &&6i 

M.  573                               ^^H 

f         Roby,  H.  J.  435 

SU  Barbe,  S.  435 

Mm,   R.   F.   196; 

Shure,  W.W.I 97                 ^^M 

1          Koeke,    A.   B,  436  1 

St.  Clair,  J.  C.  453 

Mrs.  T.   S.   314; 

Shruhb,  M.  L.  U7               ^^M 

^K       T.  G.  318 

St.  nilftjre,l.G.697 

Mm.  W.  M.  555 

Shuckburgh,  D.  199            ^^M 

^B  Rodber.  T.  M.  337 

St.  John,     Mrs,    F. 

Scud»mftre,L.F.676; 

Sibti-y,  S.  W,  438                ^^H 

^l  Roihiey,  F.  J.  562 

673;  S.  77 

Mr«,  655 

Sibthurp.  G.  J,    W.            ^^^M 

^H  Rccder.  O.  M.  5S4 

St.  Lawrence,   Lady 

Scurlock,  L.  696 

578  :    M^j.  G*  T.            ^^M 

■  Rogers,  B.  D.  436 : 

M.  196 

Seale,    E.    W.   437; 

^^H 

J,   S.    318 1     Lt- 

SaUmoSfCotinteis  E. 

F.  S.  692 

Silver,  Mrs.  E.  674               ^^H 

CoL  C.  338  J    M. 

94 

Sears,  R.  217 

Simcoe,  L.  11.  560                ^^^| 

A-   198;   Mrs.   If. 

Sale,  G.  456  ;  M.  L. 

Seaton.  Mr*.  A.  79 

Simeon,  Sir  J.  559                ^^^^1 

77:  R,313{S.436 

438 

Sebj  ight,  T.  US 

Simpson,  F.  336;   J.             ^^^M 

Rotlciton,  G.  438 

Salis.  J.  562 

Secly,    C.    673  ;     F. 

336:   M.  457                      ^^H 

Rom&ine,    Mrs.    W. 

Snliabury,  E.  L.  438 

A.  81 

Sinelnir,  A.  Y.  197                ^^^H 

G.  674 

Salmon,  M,  A.  97; 

Selbv.  Mrs.  0,  195 

Sindhia,  H.lLJyajee            ^^^^| 

Roiuflr,  F.  320 

Mrs.  J.  97 

Semple.  Capt  H.  435 

lUo,  193                                    V 

Romilly,  A.  317 

Sail,  T.  316 

Senmcourt,  E.  J,  L. 

Sint;,  lUr.  N.  193;                     M 

^Bonaldtott.  S.  693 

Sailed  C.  337 

de,  43.1 

lLFI.Runbeer.I93             ^^H 

^■Hooper.  Mrs.  F.  195 

SaUnianbe.  Mr*.  P. 

Serjeant^  Mrs.  O.  P. 

Singh.  M.  H.  Maha-            ^^H 

^■Koose,  S.  J.  437 

3U 

4.53 

raja  D.  193                         ^^^1 

^■Eop«r,  C.  9li  C,  B* 

Sampson,  M.  675 

Scrjcaiitsnfi,  Mr«.  W» 

Sitwell.  Maj.   R.   S.            ^^H 

^V      559;  F.J.  436 

Sam  well,    CapL     F. 

556  ;  R.  J.  690 

697;   Mr<.  314                 ^^H 

Ro«,Rear-Adm«Hon. 

562 ;  F.  559 

ScrlupijCMmrcbesa, 

Sivewrighi,  F.  H.  79            ^^^1 

J.  F.  F.  de.  !>8 

SaMd<r^^  H.  M,  80 ; 

556 

Skally,  .VL  561                       ^^H 

Ro*e»  Lady  F.  577i 

r.  6^7  I  L.  S.  676  ; 

Serres,  Mrn.  195 

Skelmersdale.  Lady*            ^^^^H 

Gen.    Sir   H.    H. 

T.3I9 

Sfton,  Hon.  Mrs.  78 

19*                         ^H 

193;  Mrs.  553  J  S. 

Sandford,  E.  D.  456, 

SeweU,  Lt.-Gen.  W. 

Skrimshire,  H,  571               ^^H 

573 

55t;    J.  D.  434; 

H,  193 

Slade,   A.   A.   437;            ^^H 

Ro*w,  D.  108:  E.J. 

J.  L.  317 

Seymer,  G.  A.  93 

W.  H.317                         ^^M 

A57;  J.    C.   337 i 

Samion,  Vise.  D,  559 

Sfvmour,    Cap!.    F. 

Slftde-Ktn|t,EJ.675                     V 

-             Mrs.  A.  H,  433  i 

Sandys,  A,  E.  98 

k  P.   19*;  Capt, 

Slaiien,J.A.319,435                      ■ 

1^      Mi^    C.   G.  674; 

San  key,    Maj.    217; 

G.  H.  437  ;  E.  G. 

Slater,  MrA.E:.  11.674                     ■ 

^H      Mrs.  L.  673 

Mr*.  W,  T.314 

677;   H.  Iv  197; 

Sleigh,  E.  C.  80                              ■ 

^■Roftseter*  U.  U.  213, 

Sanborn,  J.  436 

L  M.  677  J  J.  W. 

Sletaor,  J.  H.  436                  _^^M 

^B     332 

Santos,  Stnor  T.  R, 

IL  559 

Slingsby,  Mrs.W.  77            ^^M 

^■Rostuvtzofr»     Count 

dos,  672 

Sbannon,  E.  A.  80 ; 

Smak,  J.  672                       ^^H 

F             N.  81 

Sargent,  M.  21 7;  R. 

F.  W,  81 

Smart,  C.  A.  96;  C,            ^^^M 

1         Rothery,  H.  80 

N.  198 

Sh&pland,  J,  199 

F.337:  C.  G.562            ^^H 

^K  Rottott,  G.  560 

SatchdI.  Mr*.  W.  F. 

Sh.inn»n,  S,  561 

Smeaton,  J.  B.  437               ^^^1 

^■Rovr,  A.  693 

55j 

Sbarp,A436;W,698 

Smirke,  Lady  L.  454            ^^H 

^H  Row  iin«  Veil,  Archdn. 

Satterthwaite,     Mrs. 

Sharpe,  H,  316;  W. 

Smith,   B.  676:   C.             ^^^1 

^B     570 

C.  J,  674 

E.  T,  672 

458  ;  Capt.  11.  M*             ^^H 
678:  C.  La  317;             ^^M 

^VRciive.  K.  L.  197 

Sanmnrcz,  C*  A.  317 

Shaw.  A,  80;  E.  79  ; 

[        RowUndton,   S.    R. 

Saundcr«,    A.    660; 

J.  K.  316 

E.  97  ;  F.  455  i  F.            ^^M 

1             320 

A.    C.    561;     C. 

Shawe,  Capt,  L.  R, 

D.334:  F.  E.82;             ^^H 

^          Rowley.J.  11.316 

694;  R  J  94 

4.^,7 

H.  80.  318,  432;             ^^H 

Rcjxburgb.Cmpt.H.98 

Sami.jirrao«,LAdy  M. 

Shed.Ien,  W.  G.  437 

IL  A.  320  ;  Hon.            ^^H 

^BBoy,  D.  T.  98 

698 

Shee,  M.  577 

m».  s.  315;  J,        ^^H 

^■Euihscv,  H.  F9S 

Savage,  11.  A.  692 

Sheepshanks,   S,    E, 

456;    J.    C.  561;            ^^H 

^■RusH,  H.  J.  553 

Saver,  A,  698 

675 

Lt.-Col.    a    R,            ^^H 

f         RiiRsell,  A.  557  ;  C. 

Scile,  E.  217 

Sheffield.  Capt  J.  C. 

678;M.318;Muj.                    V 

1             S.M.a59;E,677; 

ScArd,  E.  M.  676 

316 

C.  H.M.  338;M,                    H 

p              E.     B.    560;    O. 

Schocdde,    Lt.*  Gen- 

Sheppard,  G.F.676; 

R.  677;    Mrs.    F.                     V 

t             453  J  Lord  J- 313; 

Sir  J.  f  1.698 

T.  B.  W.  198 

557;  Mrs.J.434i                      ■ 

1             Lt.ColR94;M, 

Scholefield,     K,     0. 

Sherer,Mr».J,\V,79 

Mrs.  K.  557;  Mrs,                     H 

1             218 

56\  ;  M, 97 

Shenffe,  T.  571 

W.    673;    R,   G.                   ■ 

^^RtLtknd»Mra.B,  55S 

Scholfield,  J.  S.  671 

Sherlock.  Mr«.  674 

572;  S.  213                       ^^M 

722 

Smyth,  Mtj.  H.  C. 

457  ;  Mm.  C.  655; 

Mrs.   K.   S.  314: 

IM).  98;  R.  318 
Smytbe,  Mi^r,  G97  ; 

Mrs.  R.  195 
Smytliien,  J.  675 
Sneyd,  Mrs.  W.  78 
Snow,  Mn.  H.  433 
Soamet,  Mrs.  C.  196 
Sodor  and  Man,  Bp. 

ofp  A.  G.  dau.  of, 

455 
Bolmitz,  A.  554 
Somen,  H.  217 
SomerM;l,Dukeof,77 
Somervillc,  Hon.  S. 
.      C.  318;  J.  T.  338; 

Lady.  196 
Sotheby,  S.  L.  214 
Soutcr,  J.  691 
Southcomb.S.F.  677 
Soutliey,  Mn.  U.  W. 

556     . 
Soutzos,  A.  J.  432 
Sowden,  S.  322 
Sowcrby,  T.  B.  199 
Spalding,  J.  Jl.  94 
Sparks  U.  F.  319 
Spencer,  Hon.  Mn. 

C.  195 
Sperling.  F.  H.  436 
Spicer,  il.  W.  561 
Sprague,  C.  11.  316 
SpurreIl,Mn.  F.315 
Stabb,  M.  438 
Stallard,  J.  O.  435  ; 

W.  H. 197 
Stanhope,  F.   A.  J. 

H.  82;    Mn.   W. 

8.675 
Stanley,  C.  E.  L.  R. 

S.  317;    Mrs.  E. 

434;  Rt.lIn.Lord, 

313;     Kear-Adm. 

W.  P.  575 
Stanton,  Mrs.  W.  D. 

673;Mr8.W.H.675 
Supleton.M.  458,573 
Stephen,  F.  79;   T. 

B.  554 
Stephens,  E.319;  J. 

199;   W.  435 
Stephenson,  J.  677; 

J.  H.  332 
Steuart,  A.  H.  317 
Stevens,  C.  457  ;  M. 

A. C.  320 
Stevenson,  A.R.  560; 

M.  678 
Stewart,  A.  31 3,  554; 

Adm.  J.  96;  Lady 

1434;  LadyO.S. 

196;    M.   C.    M. 

676;  M.  L.  316; 


Index  to  Names. 


Mn.  77;  Mn.  B. 

314;  Mrs.  D.  M. 

675;  Mn.  R.  C. 

315;    Mrs.  R.  J. 

433 
Still.  Mm.  J.  C.  557 
Stilwell,  M.  J.  197 
Stirling,    Sir  S.   H. 

458,  572 
Stobart,  Mn.H.67S; 

S.  695 
Stokes.  Mn.  b^S 
Stone,  E.D.  318:  J. 

695,676;  8.695 
Stoney.M.S.B.316 
Stonor,  Hon.  Mrs.  F. 

556 
Stopford.  C.  A.  199 
Storey.  H.  8.  578 
Story,  H.  S.  692 
Story  -    Maskelyne, 

Mn.  N.  79;  Mrs. 

E.  314 
Stotherd,  R.  H.  81 
Stowell,  T.  A.  560 
Strangrord,Vi8c'tess, 

562 
Stratford,  Mn.  J.  W. 

79 
Straubenzee,      Mrs. 

van,  675 
Strcntfeild,  A.  E.  C. 

319;     Mrs.  R.   J. 

555;   R.  C.  678 
Stricklan  1,  C.  335 
Stronjj,  E.  457 
Struth,  E.  L.  338 
Stuart,    E.   C.  677; 

Hon.P.197;  lion. 

W.    672;     L.    L. 

436;  M.  L.  561; 

R.  77;  R.  L.  675 
Stuart-WortIey,Mis8 

V.  A.  77 
Studdert,  G.  560 
Siurges,  J.  W.  337 
Sturton,  J.  697 
Style,  Hon.  Mrs.  79 
Suchet.  Hon.  J.  334 
Suckling,  C.  217 
Sullivan.  F.W.  435; 

K.  8.  197 
Sultan,  The,  214 
Sumner,  Mrs.  J.  556 
Surtees,  Mrs.  G.  £. 

673 
Sutherland,  A.  Duch. 

of,554;Dr.A.R.95 
Sutton,  C.  198;  Mn. 

R.  314 
Swabev,  Mrs.  M,  C. 

M.79 
Swanson,  F.  435 
Swanston,  C.  T.  317 
Swatmao,Col\V.33S 


Swayne,  W.J.  199 
Swettenham,    T.   J. 

W.696 
Swinbume,Maj.-Gn. 

J.   335;    Mn.   T. 

A.  315 
Swire,  J.  571 
Swyny,  B.  559 
Sy  inonds,  Lady  S.  M. 

678 
SjTnons,  Z.H.E.457 
Synge.  F.  97 
Tait,  M.  L.  677 
Tan)ot,F.836;  F.C. 

E.  81 
Talfourd,  F.  678 
Tandy,   Mn.  J.  M. 

556 
Tanner,  T.  458 
Tarleton,CapL  J.W. 

435 
Tate,   E.    E.     697; 

E.  H.   81;    Mist 

L.P.218 
Tatham,  E.  560 
Taunton,  J.  214 
Tayler,  J.  W.  198; 

T.  214 
Taylor,  B.  559;  G. 

K.80;  J.W. 817; 

Mn.555;  .Mrs.  R. 

A.  534;  Mn.  R. 
J.  556  ;  T.  C.  77 

Telfer,C*pt.J.A.695 
Teinpleman,  T.  578 
Tennant,Mrs.C.557 
Terry,  E.  657 
Tessier,  P.  313 
Thackeray,  R.  W.  93 
Thistlethwaite,E.559 
Thomas,  A.  E.LeM. 

335;   C.   E.  317; 

J.   P.  81;   M.  E. 

B.  678 ;  Sir  G.  J. 
218 

Thompson,  A.  457, 

695;  H.  M.  196; 

L.  82;    Maj.   R. 

214;    Mrs.  J.  £. 

556;    Mn.  J.   G. 

674;  Mrs.  R.  674; 

P.3I7;  W.H.194 
Thomsett,Comm.  H. 

194 
Tliomson,F.M.S16; 

H.   U.  9b  \    Mn. 

433;  Mrs.  J.  655; 

T.  J.  455  ;  W.  672 
Thornton,    J.    694; 

Mrs.  315 
Thorp,  C.  94;  J.  217 
Thring,  Mn.  195 
Thruston,  C.  A.  659 
Thurlow,  E.  E.  694 
Thursby,  Mn.  F.  79 


ThuTstoD,  Dr.  G. 

318:  Mrm.  78 
Thynne,  LadjU 
Tiltrhman.  Capt. 

M.  693 
Tin,  Mr».  L.W.4 
Tillbrook.  Maj.  4; 
Tilt,  C.  691 
Tindall.  W.  695 
Tipping,  Lt..CoU 
Tod,  Gen.  S.  H.4 
Todd,  H.  C.  C.  6; 
Toke.  I.  F.  197 
Tomkin,  T.  698 
ToiiikiDson,  S.  67! 
Tomlinson.A.TJl 

J.  E.  661 
Tomson,  L.  S.  69 
Toogood,  A.  D.  31 
Tooke,E.95;J.E.5 
Toone,  J.  H.  562 
Tothel,  Mrs.  F.  R. 
Tottenham,  Mrs. 

433 
Touchet,  Hon.  J.  3 
Tower,  F.  E.  560 
Towne,  F.  L.  M.  6 
Towgood,  H.  317 
Townsend,    Mrs. 

P.  78  ;  T.  C.  45 

W.  M.  676 
Traquair,    Rt.   He 

Earl  of,  337 
Travers,  S.  M.  661 
Tree,  A.  M.  335 
Tregellas,  W.H.6 
Tremayne,  Lady 

43  ( 
Trench,  R,  213 
Trent,  Mrs.  F.C.  3 
Trelhewy,  A.  H.5 
Trevor,  K.  320 
Tribe.  W.  H.  198 
Tristwn,  Mrs.  H. 

434;  T.  H.  677 
Trollope,CapLH.5i 
Tryon,  J.  T.  690 
Tuck,  £.  692 
Tucker,  £.  698  ;  1 

197;  M.  L.  81 
Tudor,  S.  213 
Tudway.  F.  G.  98 
Tufnell,  W.  N.  55 
Tuite,  Mrs.  674 
Tunoch.Mrs.H.  4i 
TurberTill,  Lt..C< 

98 
Turing,  A.  A.  33 

E.Y.80;  J.R.5. 
Turle,  E.  G.  678 
Turner,    I.    657; 

558;  Mrs.  H.  19 

Mrs.  J.  673 
Tumour,  A.  £.  8i 

F.  H.  80 


^p 

Index  to  Names. 

^^^^r2^^^ 

Briirimi,  H.  571 

WalfoTd,  A.  S*56l; 

Weldon.  W,  nS 

Wilde,  R,  436 

■     Tw*fe<l.   C.  316;    F. 

F.  M,  55^ 

Wcllingt'tfi.       Hon, 

Wildrr,   Mrs,  H.  B. 

M,  4»rj 

Walker,  E.  SO,  557 ; 

Mrt.  95 

674 

Twininit  R,  R.  197 
TwHleton»   UoD.  E. 

E.    H.    678:    J. 

Wells,  F.575;  Mn, 

Wildman.  E,    458; 

5r;2;  Lftdv  J.  4oS, 

H.T,  218 

Mrs.  E.  573  ;    S, 

T.  B.  lU 

672  T   Mr;.  G.  G. 

WeUh,Capt.W,57S; 

M,436 

Tyler,  C.  810 

196;     Mr*.   J.  T. 

D.  J.  678 

Wilds,  E.  «X 

Tvilt?r,  A.  F.  U 

555;  T,  93 

Wdjtead,  J.  C,  196 

Wilkie,  H,  »0 

U>*dillc,  L  320 

Wall,ff,C.L?»dv.335; 

Wennss,  J,  317 

Wilkinson.  A.  108  ; 

m     Upum,  A.319 

S,  R,319 

Wen t won  h,  Lady  H, 

G.A.  336;    Hon. 

■     Urqiihiirt,n.C\576; 

Wallingrer,  C.  676 

V,  555 

Mrs.G.434;  J.  J. 

■         Ciipt.  572 

W«ninj(ton,Mr..  195 

West,  Capi.  576  ;  G, 

335;  Mrs.  C.  488 J 

■     Tallaiiet',  M.  A.  S2 

Wtttrofld,  U.  67S 

437;   J,   E,   677; 

T.  698 

™       Vaniienlioft;  J.  57(J 

\Vnl*h,  J.    A.  557  r 

W.  B.  672 

WjlUn,  E.  82 

Vtttie.  G.  im 

Mrs.  D,  433  ;    P. 

W^stall,  A,  96 

WiUe«,  Capt»  G.  0. 

Vntisiturt,  E.  F.  55P 

69^ 

Wesibrook,  F.  M.  M, 

194 

Vaujjlra.i,  A.    C.    C. 

WaUingham,   Lady^ 

558 

Williams,    A.    694; 

3ID;   D,   B.  438; 

433 

Wcslby,  C.  M.  678 

B.81;  Capt.  HA. 

B.           11-  H.  1!)i;  Mr«. 

Walter,  Mrv  673 

WeUenboU,  A.  672 

557  ;    Capt,  W.  J, 

■          M.    llhii    W.    M. 

Walters,  Mra,  H,  L* 

Wentmacott,  Mrs.  P. 

193;    C.  H.  438; 

"           T.  J.  578 

M.  314 

484 

C.  M.    316;     E, 

Viiux.W.S.  W.  198 

Walton,  C.  M.  454 

W^cstoby,  B.  561 

M.   678;     H.   L. 

Vava8o\ir,  Mrs.  315*, 

Wand,  Uoo.  Mf  s.  E. 

Weston.  E.F.E,  214 

316;  J. 676;  Lady 

Mr-*.  M.  77 

434 

Wesrropp.M.  R  335 

H.C,674;    LlO, 

V(i«drey,J.  C.  r*77 

Warburton,C.R.82; 

Welbered,  S.  199 

W.81;  M.E.82; 

H       Yeiiables    Mrs.    H. 

Hon-Mn.  W.433 

Wevnton,    Capt.    A. 

Mrs.    E.  V.   556  ; 

■       (>7a 

Warrl,    G.    E.   435; 

572 

Mrs.  0,434;  Mrs. 

■      Venner,  Mrt.  FM3t 

iUfi.   Mrs.  S.  79; 

Wballev,  J.  M.  690 

J.  M.  555  t  Sir  J. 

■      Yerdon,  lion.  G.  F. 

J.  578;     Lt.X'ol. 

Wl.eekV,  C.  693 

H.  677 ;    W.   D. 

m     79 

J.G'ili:  Mrs.  F.  B. 

WhUh,  Lady.  337 

320 

Vcmer.  E.  D.  217 

555;  Mrs.  J.  314; 

Wlutnker.  Mr».  R. 

Wiiliamson,  M.  80; 

Vernofi   A.  832  i  J. 

R.  562 

556 

Mrs.  A.  W.  674; 

H           R,  317 

Warinj?,  M,  197 

Whitbread,  G.  196; 

R.  C.  436 

■      Veniurn,  Father,  337 

Wariscr,    }lon»   Mn>. 

S,  77 

Willis,  E.81:  H.  F. 

■      VidaUE.  l\3l{i 

C.  W.  lD(i ;    Mn. 

Wnifte,  Col.  a  693  ; 

B.562;  M.E.82 

■      Vi({ori«  A.  575 

S.  IK  L.  433 

Col.   H.    194;    E. 

Will  mot  t.   M.   694; 

■      VnUttc,  E,  218 

Warre.  E.  318;     H. 

E.31<;  F. S.334; 

Mrs,  338 

■      Villiers,    Dn   H.  M. 

438 

G.  337;  J.  C.82j 

Willntighby,  F.  576  \ 

■           432 

Warnn.  Z.  S.  332 

Lt.  Col.  L.  194; 

1LB.457;  W.  L. 

VinefTil*  Mrs.  K.  0. 

Warriuer.  E.  H.453 

Lady  M.  E.  97  ; 

3:i6 

4iJ3;  Mrn.  R,  674 

Washington,  G. 558 

Mrs.    H.    S.    78; 

Wills,  A.  559 

Vine,  L.  K.  Gii3 

WaikiM*,  F.  557 

Mrs.  L. 673;  Mrs. 

Willfthire,   Gen,  Sir 

VivUn.  F,  ^*\  320 

Walson,  A-  E.  561  ; 

1\R674;R,438; 

T.  193 

Von  Roller, B»ron  A. 

C.  K.562;    C\T. 

Sir  W.  458;  S>  C. 

Willyams,  J.  N.  V, 

316 

198;  J.  198;  Mrs. 

95;  Vcn.  H.W.80 

334 

VouIct,  I.  E.  436 

G.  R   79;    Mr*. 

Whitebead,  Mrs.  T. 

Wilmot,R.E.E.692 

Vy*e,    Mr^    R.    H, 

T.  W.  556 

78 

Wilson.  C.  198;     1), 

434 

Waif,  A,  337 

Wbiieside,Mrt,W.S. 

E.  696  ;    E.  437  ; 

^_       Vyvv.in,  A.  F.  438; 

WaU«,    J,    O,    676; 

673 

E.S.676;  F.  218, 

■          Mn.   H.    F.  5^5; 

N. 337;  S.N. 562; 

Wbit^retve,  Mrt.  J. 

675;IL559;J,437; 

■           S.  M.  438 

W.  C.  456 

R.  315 

J.C.  437;  L,320; 

■      Wftddilove,  E.  £^8 

Way,  J.  H.  109 

Whsbng.  Mr^.  J.  B, 

Mrt.  C,  M.  433; 

■      W«de.   Col    Sir  C. 

Weare,  A.  97 

7H ;  S.  432 

Mrs.  C.  T.   195; 

■         M.  Cd2  ;  D.  677  i 

Weaver,  W,  437 

Wbttloy,  E.  213 

Mrs.    J,  A.    J 96; 

■          a  T.  (i9l  ;  J.  H. 

Wi^bK  A.  457  s    C. 

Whitman,  W.C  672 

M..L561;R.672; 

■          818;   L.  95 

M.rj76;  F.  P,695; 

Wliitn»ore,  A.  B.438 

S.  H.  K.  434;    T.        ^ 

■      Wiiininmn,R.C.43a 

Mr*.  B.  433  ;  Mrs. 

Wl.:t»hed,J.  H.  571 

198                                 ^M 

■      WninfTirht,  A.  F.  81 

J.  W.  196 

Whitiing,  K.  A.  435 

Wibon.  Mrs.  555            W 

Walch,  J.  S.  80 

Wehbm,  C.  E.  80 

Wbiiwortb,S.A,319 

Wing,  W.  485 

Waldo,  Mrs.  J.  P.  78 

Webavr,  Mrs.  C  78 

Wjcke%  A.  437  j  H. 

Wingfield.  J.  H.  L. 

H      Waldron.Mn.  F.W. 

Wrcdon,Mrs.R.674 

W.  678 

560;Mr».  W.673 

■       n^r 

We|ritHin,T.M.194 

Wickb«in,Mrs,E.T. 

Wingrove,  Mrs.    D. 

■      WJe.Mr*,H.  195 

Wetgall,    C.    F.   M. 

Iff5;  T.  95 

B.  673  ;  M.  695 

■       Male,,    H,n.lK    A. 

198 

Witrle5w<>rih,M.216 

Win«;oeJLW.C.557 

■      ,    E^rriiicrof;  193 

Welhv.W,  H.F,559 

Wigrtra.  S.  C.  82 

Wintk,  U.  R.  196 

724 


Topo^apharai  Irndti^ 


V;-.i.v.,  C    4i:  W:...i.i*.i.    R.     Ij.  \rr*i.    Mrs.   .\.    B.  Wi-T*ri,  G.  S:* 

lA.i.  ?;   4^5  .5>;  Vr.  .:i.      jin.     G.  Yiii^i.  W  >.  D.  41* 

Vv-ti-.^u:.  E.  ^7  :  W >..;♦,  R.  .:>s  i:5  Y«I^  G.  5^T 

ii    L.  ::7.   p.  -v.  V.y,i»i.i.     E.     H.  AVr..-i-.  r  214:    11.  Y*.^ii=:.  W. -4? 

if.7>  :   H.  M.  4i>  i:-7;T.  iiJ  M.  •:>> :  G.  F.i:7:  YiiLj*.llr^J.  E79 

W    ft.  A    \\  W.v..:.  >^,H.i;2;  G.  T.  ili:    3It.  Y:^r.  Crai.  A.6«; 

W,. -V,  i:ri  C.C75  W.J    5.7  A.'::5:  Mrt.J.C.        J.^'^ :  J.  U.  »f : 

Vv<:.'A-'.:-4:  A-L.  W>..r.:,-^-  ,  C.  r.75  t74.    W.  D-t72:        Mr*.   H.   B.  674; 

€>5i     C.    F.    •!  :  W  v.. '.;> ::.>*,    F.  Z.  W.  F.56J            .           Mn.  W.  B.  »» 

C.  M.  <;3  :    E.  B.  SI*  W-::-.  H.  T.  6:-4  Zfri^izi.  C*:«».  79 

L';,\.     H.  C.  %2;  W'..>»t4,   Mrs.  A.  Wr:::«.=T,  He- A.  Zgliziisii^K. A.tsb. 

iir».£.67C;Mr»-  G.  *5o  2r<f       '                         ^61 


TOPOGRAPHICAL  INDEX. 


Ajrx'.n,  15-5;  A?T*.'2I2:  A  serii.  224; 
Ezrpt,  2'';1^;  MiiEtki^ra..,  240;  Mj.Jit 
Al.ct,  150 

Av'^'Ua:  GrefcL^ar.d,  172,  4C'9;  Not* 
^col.*,  192 

^{ta:  Ar.^'yra,  606;  Bab%!or.,  131,  Bag- 
L'.fcUrj,  l-,7:  Beiri.e';i<;zn.  4CI7.  b:>u:u3, 
COl  J  f>>ion,  154;  Ci.j'ioi,  479;  Cr- 
pru4,  2*^1^ ;  C^rtiie,  0^9;  iJtWi,  \oi; 
lricu«  7(i;  Lebarj''D,  61 S;  Persia,  481  ; 
re^.'iAH ur,  lo'ii;  Siuai,  61,  CZZ;  Trv>v, 
1.>J 

Eurfype  :  Abbeviil*r,  255;  A^x-Ia-Cbapelie, 
53;  Alo'-i.ga,  53;  Aitenf-Jit.  5--;  An- 
cor.a,  467:  Bayeux.  29:  Bee.  29; 
Bou!o;£i.e,  35t ;  Calais,  58.  152;  Capui, 
4^5;  Cau'3'.-btc-le*-E  utuf,  25*;  Ciieap- 
ii.^hk^cii.  29  :  C{irif>t:ai>b-<rg,  171 ;  Co- 
lojfiit,  498;  Cofxriihsigeii,  74,  138;  D*I- 
ii.at  a,  592;  I^^inzic,  429;  lienmark, 
4J7;  Ktapl-.ft,  489;  Fecamp  Abbey* 2?); 
Fl*  ri»bor}f,  172;  Florence,  475  ;  Fo:.te- 
iielle  Abbey,  27 ;  France,  462,  488,  (il5: 
Germany,  4G2;  Iktria,  313,  595;  Joiii« 
ville,  241;  KtiiA^Hh^vf,  430;  Logei, 
255;  Lubeck,  429;  Malta,  479;  Ma- 
rieiibiirg,  429;  Montii:ajour,53:  Nantes^ 
255;  Napicft,  613;  Niiiie;;uen,  53 ;  Nor- 
mandy, '11,  494;  Palermo,  463,  467; 
Parinzo,  594;  Paris.  153;  Peyrollea, 
53  :  I'ina.  614 ;  Pola,  596:  Pompeii,  303, 
426 ;  Pru»Ma,  429 ;  Ravenna,  226,  229 ; 
Kiaux,  255;  Home,  48,  152,  226,  228, 
311,344.  466,  471,  549,  627,  664;  St. 
Kvroul,  29;  Sicily,  463;  Spalato,  598; 
Sweden.  190;  Switzerland,  610;  Toledo, 
152:  Venice,  463;  Wilna,  430 

Anplrsra,  4l;  Cefu  Amwich,  45;  Ileo. 
KiUyH,  42 

Btd/ordikirt:  Teddingtos,  148 


B*-kthir€:  Mer»:'^n,  120:   Xewburr.  12!, 

«i5  4 :  Sur.ni  :tc  Farm,  55 ;   Windsor,  55 ; 

Wv.  .aiT.,  120 
B-rtcickthirt :  Benrjclc  160 
BriTy.ihire  :  Brecon,  SO 
Buck i n^fukmtU^f :  A ir erthann,  6i5  :  A sb- 

en  .cc,  650 :  Aylesbury.  60O ;  Brlli,  1 20  ; 

Cheritrt,   62&  ■    Ci:f:c.n    R^ynes,    CSU; 

Dtr.faam.  5l5;  Dorriton,  630 ;  Ho^ryton. 

630;  HufEueriduD,  6->0;  Inxkghoe.  boO; 

Ovinj,    154;    Stone,   63li;    Tznzewick, 

631 ;  Twyiord.  630;  Wolsion,  Lirur.  154 
Cttmbridgf*'irf:    BarringroD.   60;     Caxn- 

bhd^e".  61,  855.  3&0;   Ely.  865  ;   Looz- 

Stai/:on.  61;    Over,  61 ;  'Swavesev.  01  ; 

Thomey.  2,  384;  Wliinle»ea,  36^  i  Wi*. 

bech.  365 
Chi, hire:  Chester,  523,  681 ;    Haw&rden, 

476 
CotuvtqU:  Laud's  End.  27 :  Neot'a,  St.  530; 

Quel  hi  DC,  293;  Truro,  895 
Cum\frlund:  Beckermont,  530;  Carlisle, 

5-9 
Denbighshire:  Clocaenog.  41 
D'rbyihire:  Ashbourne.  812 
Dtronshire:  Bradfield- bouse,  512;  Buck- 

fa-tU-igh,     154;     Cadhay-hou«e.     879; 

Conipton,  509 ;  Cullompton,  511;  Lu>t- 

lei^b,  515;  Daitington.  154:  Dartmoor, 

515 ;  Dartrooutli.  514;  Exeter,  1U2,  374, 

513;  Ford  Abbry,877;  Haccombe,  508; 

Holsworthy,  102';  Ivy  Bridge.  56;  Mad- 

bury,  154;'Otier7  Sl  Mary,  378;  Stock- 

lei^h    Puroeroy,     154;    Tiverton,  510; 

Torr    Abbey,' 509;    Torrington,    154; 

Tntness,  372 
Dorseithire:  Beamister,  154;  Dorchester, 

39;    Kingstone  Down,  151;    Milboum 

Sl  Andrew*!,  562;   Pode,  852;  Wim- 

borne,  684 


Topographical  Jnd^ST 


7i5 


Dnr^^mt  An^wft,  Id;  Durham,  300,  608  j 
Winsiun,  Gi 

£»iej  !    Ankearlon,    ISj     Btirking.l    0    j 
Heiiiflect,  South,  151;    Colciiester.   Sii 
Watilniin  Cross,  160 

Oiantorgamhirt :  Clierilon,  39f ;  Mar^anii 
Zn;  Neath,  41,  392;  Oxwjch,  399  j 
p€nmtt?n,  398;  Petiimrd,  31*8;  P(;nrlce| 
399;  Swiint^ea,  392,395 

GtoactMUrthhtf :  Bristol,  o8  j  Gloucester, 
<J0;  Newent,  352;  Ktwland,  15-*! 
Wolton,  3.52 

Hampthin  :  Christrliurch,  fiOS,  634  j 
CronrUII,  607;  Hnri^tev,  47(>;  Ntiky 
Abbey,  57  ;  Newport,  JB2  ;  Sherfietd- 
oii-Lotldotit  151 J  Wiijchester,  222,215, 
607, 

Ihrefordihtre ;   Hcreforil,  548 

Jittr{fufdihire :  Eiatrt^e,  7<ij  St*  Albaii*s, 
76;  Tuttendge,  HI,  .H70 

Ilunthgdtmaliirr  :  Elf  on,  3S8  \  Fk-tloii, 
3f»0;  Feu  Stftntou,51  ;  Huultiii^don,  (il, 
3S0 

Ktn/ :  Allington  Caslle,  281};  Aylesford, 
USG;  liouj(lilt)ii  Mallierl»L\  288;  Can- 
terbury, 2,  124.  12S^.  2S3,  35?J,  4:i8,  584  ; 
Chart*"  Bdge,  583  ;  CoUhafu^  60 ;  Dover, 
584 1  FaverBliam,  584;  L«cds  Casilc, 
291;   Lullin^toiie,  584;   Miildstot^e,  2, 

281,  282,  63G;    Rochesier,  423;  Sarr, 

282,  584;  Stone,  586 

LaNCQMhire:  Kirkliam,  2-45  ;  Liverpool,  616 

Lticfsiershire  :  Qloo»tcitn  2*J5  j  \\  limber- 
5loiie,  2!)4;  Ilusbantra  HoKwnrth,  ]i>5; 
Ldcesierp  62,  71,  141.  16.J,  201,  365; 
]»ultt"t  worth,  64, 298.  637  ;  SHeiiton,  62 ; 
llftTiford,  642  ;  Thtffldiiigworth,  2D8,  6 13 
Intotuthire  :  Ashby  Pucrorum,  178  j 
BartO[i-upon-Hutiiber,  505;  Huediiig* 
Ihorpp,  160;  Crowlaiid,  384;  Croylaud, 
2i  Kirtou-in-Litidsiy,  15U;  Liuculu, 
3KI  ;  isianiford.  2,  277,  3ti9 

MidfltiMi ;  Edgwarc,  76;  Great  Ruttel- 
alrtet,477|  Haciley,76;  HafcfidU,  518; 
Hanow,76;  Uilliiigdon,519 ;  llounslow, 
58  !  London,  58,  59,  159,  292,  370,  428, 
462,  498,582 :  Paddington,  15 1  j  KtiisHii, 
518;  Staiitiiortf,  76;  Uxhrirfgr,  51r»; 
Wtstmiufiter,  3»  103|  142,  165,  •165,516» 
553 

Monmouthshire :  Magor,  151 

Nvr/oik:  Dereham.  53S;  Earsham,  645, 
646;  ElMnjr,  5'SSi  GeldeiTone,  178; 
Lynn,  Kii»n>,  637;  Norwich,  58,  306, 
533,  551,  (i(>6  ;  lloydun,  151;  Siauhoi% 
154;  St^antun  Murky,  537;  Yarmouth, 
366 

Nt^rthnmptmuhire:  Aldwinckle,  167,  168» 
267;  Banvack,  2,  273  ;  IJaniWtll,  265  ; 
Billing,266:  Brinitock.  171  ;  BrtHjftoiv, 
267;  Canons  Ashby,  266;  Castle  Aslihy, 
366  ;  Ciiatnr,  2,  266;  Cuteshy,  1 6a,  21)6  ; 
Coitrr^rn-L,  2,  391;  D.iveniry,  266; 
1 1  ; ;  Deene,  266  ;  Drayton,  2 ; 

1/r  ^se,  167,265:  Karrt  Barton, 

Umirr.  Mia*  %^oi*.  CCXI. 


266;  EftBtonMandit.  267;  E-ton,  267; 
Evtrdon,  165;  Fincdon,  266;  F»ne* 
fchiide,  266;  F.-llicringb.iy.  2,  266,  3S7  ; 
Geddttigton,  171,  2<»5  ;  Olinton.  2,  385, 
^MB^  Hel|j»toue,  267;  Higham  Ferrarjs, 
26  i;  Irchester,  266;  Irthiingborotigh, 
266;  KinK'fhorpei  1*55;  I^ltp,  165; 
Lived'^n.  160;  Lilbounve,  298;  Lil- 
hunie,  642  ;  Long  Bucktiy,  165  ;  Lonjy- 
thorpe^luiil,  268 ;  Lowitk,  2,  167,  t't9, 
266;  Miirl.olin,  2  ;  Nay^^v,  12<>,  368, 
641,  (iVS  ;  Nkirthnrnpton,  165,  166,  265  ; 
NordibnrQUgh,  2,  385,  til&  ;  Omidle,  2; 
266,  391:  Pcakirk,  2,  8S4 ;  Peter- 
borotijrh,  2, 153,  263,  266,  267,  280,  365, 
380.  383,  660;  Pipewell  Abbey,  266; 
Pyielkky.  2b7  !  Raunds,  266  ;  Hotkin^- 
ham,  265;  Rolhwdl,  266;  Rushden, 
266  ;  Sboseltjy,  266  ;  Strunvick,  266  ; 
Sirix'on,266i  Siidborouglv,  169;  Sutton, 
270  ;  Tanstir,  388 ;  Thrapstun.  2,  161  ; 
Titchmarsh.  206 ;  TUor pf,  268  ;  Thorpe 
Waterville,  (67 ;  Wansfcrd,  2  ;  Warming* 
loTi,  2  3S7 ;  Wetdon,  266  ;  Wellin*:- 
borrn)i;h.  165  ;  WliistoiK  266 ;  Wittering, 
2,  275  ;  Wood  croft,  2  ;  Wood  croft*  house, 
385 

Korthumfterlnnd :  Acklin^ton,  26;  Aln- 
wick, 19,  22,  519  ;  AUvinton,  26  ;  Bam- 
hnraugh,  26  ;  Dendnel,  21  ;  Dellin^hani, 
301  ;  Brinkbtin>.  23  ;  Chcvmglon,  26  ; 
Chiliintjbatn,  26  ;  Doddinglon,  25,  26; 
Klsdon,  26  ;  Embktou,  26 ;  Etal,  26  ; 
Fl«adcn.  160  ;  Ford,  26  ;  lUnburn, 
26;  Hexham,  23;  Hu^yslojie,  26, 
llowick,  25;  Lindiifarue,  24;  Loug 
Houghton.  19;  Morpeth,  19,  26;  New- 
Citstle,  22,  26,  64,  298,  527,  6*3;  Nor- 
h,im,  26;  Ottorhoun^e,  26;  Hock,  26; 
Shilbotell,  21  ;  Tynemouib.  304;  Wall, 
631 ;  Wftikworth,  22,  26  ,   Wyhnti,  300 

Noitift!lhnmnhirt  i   Notliiighain,  351 

Ojtfordihirf.  :  BlenhditJ,  53 ;  Cavcrshnm, 
56;  Godsiow,  120;  Mile^mbe,  154; 
Oxford.  38,  46,  70,  107,  120»  151,  424, 
476,  537.  621 

Pe m  brokrMhire :  Ca re w ,  44 ;  M  U  fo  r d  H&vet), 
139  ;   Penally,  45  ;  St.  David's,  40 

RadnoTihlrf  i  Disserlh,  15  fc 

RuttaHdtkire :  Ketton,  2. 165  ;  OakhatD|  2 1 
Teigh,  294;   Uppinghaiti,  165 

Safop  :  Bro*clcy,  654;  ShrewAhurv,  1(30  j 
Wroxeu-r,  57.  69,  342 

Somcr^etthire  :  Aller,  154,  406  ;  Athelney, 
401;  Bitih,  626;  Bedminster,  151- ; 
Che?l»ood,  154;  Coiigfesbury,  547; 
llrtin,  405  ;  Hi^h  I  lain,  647  ;  Killon, 
154:  Kinj^sbwry,  403;  L.mgport,  399, 
4fK),  lot;  Martock,  4(J3 ;  Muclielney, 
403;  N(»rlon  Fitzwarrini,  649 ;  t>lbcry, 
405;  Petherton.  South.  4U3 ;  Piluey, 
4o4  ;  Slit'ptnt  Beattchump,  404;  Taun- 
ton, ti47  {   Wcli».  400;  Wttt  t  oker,  56, 

Sf(tfi>rd§lnre :  Leek,  245  ;  Lidi6eM»  154, 
548 

4S 


iLf^^-t.  ir«:  i^i's  -^'.1   4^*    I.I&-  %ir. M>.  14! 

Sir'"*:  .   '^   ^zMfj.   71,  C^  :    7.\zxd,  !*l;  P;cudrxL:^  15  ;  2^ou.  -iw.  iftJ ;  Seir- 

Kv ;  L:,-**-*7,  .  ,%  *•>>,  V-.s  :  y-.is'.j—,  1*7,  iv,  i:? :  TacL-iT.  »14  .-  ^-i.±^ 

Z',i               '  Ufi,  TiTs-iA,  iZi,*!^  is^iZl 

.».-,.  lv»:  Ls»*«,  ii-J;  Pe^flrrt,  h\X  515  :  C«ri.  «.  i57.  5i>I ;  I>t:ca.  4*1; 

fTarwvfriii'e.     £;:•-..■  «r-.4au    l''.^,    «5 ;  I>uSp±w    :«i;    Ssra^L-i^o.    5^7:     £  - 

Kx2a...  ^t/#:  HktvV^M;  It^j.j^;  em.  »;     Kll<»j.    2«2.    I'U^  iU: 

.S^tkl.'.jf^y.,  v>7  ;  ss^>:-.i?r-,  ]iM:   S:nt-  K:-;ia>,  £^;  Mi  r.ia'wrr*,  liJ;  Skca. 

Wdtikht:  Mere.  416:  Slufze^l^^rj,  414;  Jcr^Ia^.-   AVemec^r,  X55:  Arrms,  Z:»; 

»'^;r  efo.'d,   151 :  Taz^utj,  41C  :   Wtf.  fiuAickbcra.  174  ;  Brrrh  s,  i4;» :  Bxr^ 

'S'y'^.%  4i.>  «fM6^^a,  171:  Ba:]^«*£.  175:  Cav- 

lfV<^«ArrA<r^.' A:Te«:.3rc?-.,5y);  Brsd>s-  d.:r,  142:   Ca-.ean,  524:    F-c^bc-zi, 

fcii.  5r*;    hrr^A.ysT.tf,  «1;   Crxrr.e-  IJ,  612  ;  Ejp-JiA- «9:  Gal'.iwir,  iS; 

K;.i,    .&4I  ;    Croaic,    3<r2  ;    DaT.etford,  G.Mfdv.  5:!9:    Hi  jrooi,  li'i  :"  I=r:- 

5i0;  Kar]'!  Cro«:r^.  541;   H;.'n^.ei/<a,  i.ftea«n.-1c    H2:     ilea,   5:l^^ :     Uie    :f 

VfZ ;  lW-A'.ujfJ*u,  Zftl ;  Kernpftej.  .^40;  he>t.  549  ;  Jcci^iix^X  1^  :  Kc^\  ^.': 

Ki'i*l*rrtt/in*ter,   654;    Milrera,    Gre^it,  Kiskmadrlne.  174:  Migrie,  71  ;  OrkzrT, 

5f  %  651  ;  OiuiD^iejr,  50i  ;  Pirton,  541 3  37,  179  ;  Booaj,  361. 


nump  BT  X1UB8.  riBKo,  cosincixnr,  oxiobd^ 


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